Swatantrata ke Sutra Mokshshastra Tattvartha Sutra

Author(s): Kanaknandi Acharya
Publisher: Dharmdarshan Vigyan Shodh Prakashan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004251/1

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svanamAnAkasutrA (mokSa zAstra,tatvArtha sUtra) wita (Soul) TALI deva pudgala (Matter) tiryaMca na dharma (Medium of motion) adharma dravya (medium of rest) Travya TIMIT AULI 1647 SIMIn AcArya kanakanandI vyavahAra kAla bAlA kAla Time) ECT....

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svatantratA ke sUtra (mokSazAstra, tattvArtha sUtra) AzIrvAda gaNadharAcArya zrI 108 kunthusAgara jI samIkSaka upAdhyAya atyadhika nakanandIjI upAdhyAya zrI 108 kanakanandIjI For Personal & Private Use Only

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yA sahAyaka - muni zrIkumAra vidyA naMdI jI, muni zrI gupti naMdI jI, AryikA rAja zrI, AryikA kSamA zrI mAtAjI, bra. suSamA, bra. saMdhyA vizeSa sahayogI - 1. zrI nemIcanda kAlA c/o nava alpanA, jayapura 2. zrI mukeza kumAra saMgI, nivAI sarvAdhikAra surakSita - lekhakAdhIna dravyadAtA - 1. zrImatI sonIdevI pATanI dharmapatnI sva. zrI nemIcanda jI pATanI, sujAnagar3ha nivAsI 2. zrImatI indra devI kAlA __mAtAzrI zrI nemIcanda jI.kAlA, jayapura 3. digambara jaina mahilA samAja, nivAI 4. zrI hariza candra jI kAlA, jayapura 5. zrImatI mainA devI terApaMthI, jayapura 6. zrI prakAza canda jI dIvAna, jayapura 7. zrI gulAba canda jI pAMDayA, jayapura 8. zrI mANaka canda jI bAkalIvAla, jayapura mUlya - svAdhyAya, cintana, manana, (mAtra rU. 71/-) saMskaraNa - prathama tithi - 19 navambara 1992 pratiyA~ - 2100 prakAzaka evaM - dharmadarzana vijJAna zodha prakAzana, nikaTa digambara jaina prApti sthAna atithi bhavana, bar3auta (meraTha) U. P. mudraNa kArya - nava alpanA priNTarsa eNDa sTezanarsa, manihAroM kA rAstA, jayapura-3 dvArA For Personal & Private Use Only

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prArthanA zrImatparamagaMbhIra syaadvaadmoghlaanychnm| jIyAt trailokyanAthasya, zAsanaM jinazAsanam // 3 // jo aneka antaraMga aura bahiraMga lakSmiyoM se bharapUra hai aura atyanta gambhIra syAdvAda hI jisakA sArthaka cinha hai, aise zrI trailokyanAtha kA zAsana zrI jaina zAsana, cirakAla taka jIvita rho| zrImukhAlokanAdeva zrImukhAlokanaM bhvet| AlokanavihInasya, tatsukhAvAtayaH kutH||4|| Aja zrI jinendra deva kA mukha dekhane mAtra se mukti rupI lakSmI kA mukha dikhAI detA hai.bhalA jo zrI jinendra deva ke mukha kA darzana nahIM karate unako yaha sukha kahA~ se mila sakatA hai| _ namonamaH satvahitaMkarAya, vIrAya bhvyaambujbhaaskraay| anantalokAya surArcitAya, devAdhidevAya namo jinAya // 7 // - jo bhagavAna vardhamAna svAmI samasta prANiyoM kA bhalA karane vAle haiM bhavya rUpI kamaloM ko sUrya ke samAna praphullita karane vAle haiM, anaMta loka, aloka ko dekhane vAle haiM, devoM ke dvArA pUjya haiM aura devoM ke bhI parama deva ..' haiM, aise arahaMta deva mahAvIra svAmI ke lie maiM bArambAra namaskAra karatA huuN| .. namo jinAya tridazArcitAya, _ vinaSTadoSAya gunnaarnnvaay| vimuktimArga pratibodhanAya, devAdhidevAya namo jinaay||8|| jo bhagavAna arahaMta devoM ke dvArA pUjya haiM, kSudhA, tRSA Adi aThAraha For Personal & Private Use Only

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doSoM se rahita haiM, anaMta guNoM ke samudra haiM, mokSamArga kA upadeza dene vAle haiM aura devAdhideva zrI jinendradeva haiM aise arahaMta deva ke lie maiM bArambAra namaskAra karatA huuN| he devAdhideva ! he paramezvara ! he vItarAga ! he sarvajJa ! he tIrthaMkara ! he siddha ! he mahAnubhava ! he tInoM lokoM ke nAtha ! he jinendra deva zrI vardhamAna svAmin maiM Apake donoM caraNa kamaloM kI zaraNa ko prApta hotA huuN| devAdhideva ! paramezvara ! vItarAga ! sarvajJa ! tIrthaMkara ! siddha ! mahAnubhAva ! trailokyanAtha ! jinapuMgava ! vardhamAna ! svAmin ! gato'smi zaraNaM caraNadvayaM te // 9 // mada, harSa - dveSa ko jItane vAle moha aura pariSahoM ko jItane vAle : kaSAyoM ko jItane vAle aura matsaratA ko jItane vAle, bhagavAna jinendra deva sadA jayazIla hoM / 2 jitamadaharSadveSA, jitamohaparISahA, jitakaSAyAH / jitajanmamaraNarogA, jitamAtsaryA, jayantu jinA: // 10 // jayatu jina! varddhamAnastribhuvanahitadharmacakranIrajabaMdhuH / tridazapatimukuTabhAsura, cUr3AmaNirazmiraMjitAruNacaraNaH / / 11 / / jo zrI vardhamAna svAmI tInoM lokoM kA hita karane vAle, dharmacakrarUpI kamaloM ke lie sUrya ke samAna haiM aura jinake aruNa ( lAla raMga ke) caraNa kamala indra ke mukuTa meM daidIpyamAna cUr3AmaNi ratna kI kiraNoM se aura bhI suzobhita ho raheM haiM, aise zrI vardhamAna svAmI sadA jayazIla hoN| jaya, jaya, jaya ! trailokyakANDa zobhi zikhAmaNe ; nuda, nuda, nuda, svAntadhvAntaM jagatkamalArka ! naH / naya, naya, naya, svAmin! zAMtiM nitAntamanantimAM, nahi nahi, nahi trAtA lokaikamitra ! bhavatparaH // 12 // he bhagavan ! Apa tInoM lokoM meM atyanta suzobhita hone vAle zikhAmaNi For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke samAna hai| isalie ApakI jaya ho, jaya ho, jaya ho, ! he prabhu! Apa jagat rupI kamala ko prakAzita karane ke li| sUrya ke samAna haiN| isaliye mere hRdaya ke mohAndhakAra ko dUra kIjiye! dUra kIjiye! he svAmin ! kabhI bhI na nAza hone vAlI atyanta zAMti dIjiye, dIjiye, diijiye| he bhavya jIvoM ke advitIya mitra Apake sivAya merI rakSA karane vAlA saMsAra ke duHkho se bacAne vAlA anya koI nahIM hai, nahIM hai, nahIM hai| dharmaH sarva sukhAkaro hitakaro dharma budhaashcinvte| dharmeNaiva samApyate zivasukhaM dharmAya tasmai nmH|| dharmAnnAstyaparaM suhRdbhavabhRtAM dharmasya mUlaM dyaa| dharmacittamahaM dadhe pratidinaM he dharma mAM paaly|| dharmarupI cAritra, svarga aura mokSa sambandhI saba sukhoM kA AkAra arthAt utpatti sthAna hai; saba jIvoM ke hita kA karane vAlA hai| cAritra rUpa isa dharma ko sabhI vivekazIla tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSa bhI saMcita karate haiN| dharma se hI mokSa sukha kI prApti hotI hai, usa dharma ke lie sadA namaskAra ho| dharma ke atirikta aura koI saMsArI jIvoM kA upakAraka arthAt mitra nahIM hai| dharma kA mUla kAraNa dayA hai| isa kAraNa dharma meM maiM pratidina citta lagAtA huuN| he dharma tU merA pAlana kr| dhammo maMgala mukkiTaM,ahiMsA saMyamo tvo| devAvi tassa paNamaMti,jassa dhamme syaamnno|| ___ yaha dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai, arthAt mala ko gAlane vAlA aura sukha ko dene vAlA hai| ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa hI dharma hai, kyoMki jisakA mana dharma meM sadA tallIna hai usako deva bhI namaskAra karate haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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svatantratA ke sUtra kA sAra The summary of principles of absolute liberation traikAlyaM dravyaSaTTakaM nava pada sahitaM jIvaSaTkAya leshyaaH| paMcAnyecAstikAyA vratasamitigatijJAnacAritra bhedaaH|| ityetan mokSamUlaM tribhuvanamahitaiH proktmhdbhiriishaiH| pratyeti zraddadhAti spRzati ca matimAna ya: sa vai zuddha dRssttiH|| Three (divisions) of time (Present, Past and Future) Six Drayyas (substances) with nine padarthas (Categories) six kind of embodied souls, six thought - points, the five Astikayas (embodied substances) the five vratas (vows) the five kinds of Samiti (Carefulness) the five kinds of Gati (Conditions of existence) the five kinds of Gyana (Knowledge) the five kinds of Charitra (Conduct) these are the root principles of liberations, as described by Arhats (the adored ones) who are perfect and the great lords of the three Worlds, (upper, middle and lower) the wise man who knows these is convinced of them, and who realises these, is verily one who has attained right belief. tIna kAla (bhUta, vartamAna, bhaviSyat) SaT dravya ((1) jIva (2) pudgala (3) dharma (4) adharma (5) AkAza (6) kAla) nava padArtha ((1) jIva (2) ajIva (3) Amrava (4) baMdha (5) saMvara (6) nirjarA (7) mokSa (8) puNya (9) pApa) sahitaSaT jIvanikAya ((1) pRthvIkAya (2) jalakAya (3) agnikAya (4) vAyukAya (5) vanaspatikAya (6) trasakAya) SaT lezyA ((1) kRSNa (2) nIla (3) kApota (4) pIta (5) padma (6) zukla) pAMca astikAya ((1) jIva (2) pudgala (3) dharma (4) adharma (5) AkAza) vrata ((1) ahiMsA (2) satya (3) acaurya (4) brahmacarya (5) aparigraha) samiti ((1) IryA (2) bhASA (3) eSaNA (4) AdAna nikSepaNa (5) utsarga) jJAna ((1) mati (2) zruta (3) avadhi (4) mana: paryaya (5) kevalajJAna) cAritra ((1) sAmAyika For Personal & Private Use Only

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(2) chedopasthApanA (3) parihAra vizuddhidi (4) sUkSma sAmparAya (5) yathAkhyAta caaritr)| yaha saba tIna loka se pUjita ahaMta parameSThI ke dvArA mUlabhUta tattva kahA gayA hai| jo isakI pratIti (zraddhA, vizvAsa), jJAna, karatA hai aura unake anusAra usakA sparza (anukaraNa, AcaraNa) karatA hai vaha buddhimAna hai vahI zuddha dRSTi sampanna hai| isa zloka meM mokSamArga, mokSamArga ke kAraNabhUta tattva, upAya, samyagdarzana, samyagdarzana ke viSaya bhUta tattva kA saMkSipta, sAMgopAga varNana kiyA gayA hai| 'upAdhyAya zrI kanakandI ke vicArAmRta' 1. maiM dUsaroM kI sahamati kI anivAryatA svIkAra nahIM karatA hU~ parantu merI mati satat sanmati ho isakI anivAryatA svIkAra karatA huuN| 2. satya hI merA bhagavAna hai| . 3. satya kI upalabdhi hI mahAn upalabdhi hai| 4. sat kA vinAza nahIM hotA hai evam asat kA prAdurbhAva nahIM __ hotA hai| 5, svayaM ko jAnanA, mAnanA, pAnA hI bhagavAna ko jAnanA, mAnanA, pAnA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdyamitAkSara vizva anAdi hai tathA anAdi kAla se jIva satya svarUpa se, svasvarUpa se vimukha hokara, cyuta hokara caturgati rUpI saMsAra meM tathA 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA huA ananta zArIrika, mAnasika, AdhyAtmika Adi kaSToM ko tathA janma-jarA-maraNa ko anubhava karatA hai / jaba yogya aMtaraMga - bahiraMga kAraNa, tathA yogya dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ko prApta karake mithyA svarUpa evaM para svarUpa se cyuta hokara sva svarUpa kA avalokana, Avalambana evaM AcaraNa karatA hai taba vaha anAdikAlIna samasta vaibhAvika saMskAra, vaibhAvika pariNamana,. mithyAdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ko tyAga karake susaMskAra se susaMskRta hokara svAbhAvika pariNamana, samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ko prApta karake zuddha svasvarUpa, amRta svarUpa, satya svarUpa ko prApta kara letA hai| ise hI mokSa, parinirvANa, kaivalyapadavI, bhagavatsvarUpa, paramAtma svarUpa, IzvarapanA, prabhU, vibhU, saccidAnanda, satyaM-zivaM-sundaraM Adi nAma se abhihita karate haiN| AtmAnuzAsana meM guNabhadrAcArya uparyukta satya-tathya ko hI nimna prakAra se ujAgara kiyA hai - kubodharAgAdiviceSTitaiH tvayApi pratIhi dhruvaM bhUyo bhavya phalaM, jananAdilakSaNam / pratilomavRttibhiH, phalaM prApsyasi bhavya ! tUne bAra-bAra mithyAjJAna evaM rAga-dveSAdi janita pravRttiyoM se jo janma-maraNAdirUpa phala prApta kiyA hai usake viruddha pravRttiyoM - samyagjJAna evaM vairAgya janita AcaraNoM ke dvArA tU nizcaya se usake viparIta phala ajara amara pada - ko prApta karegA, aisA nizcaya kara / tadvilakSaNam / / [106] jaba jIva samyagdarzana jJAna cAritra ke mAdhyama se ghAtiyA~ karma ko nAza karake anaMta zakti dhArI Ananda ghana svarUpa arihaMta kevalI bana jAte haiM taba vizva kalyANa ke lie nisvArtha bhAva se divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se parama ahiMsAtmaka sApekSa praNAlI se upadeza dete haiN| arihaMta bhagavAna sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, sarvavidyA-vizvavidyA vizArada evaM sarva bhASA ke jJAtA hote hue bhI jo parama For Personal & Private Use Only

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jo satya jijJAsu, paramasatya ko dhArmika AsthA se dArzanika, tArkika paddhati dvArA vaijJAnika parIkSaNa praNAlI se parijJAna, paripAlana, upalabdhi karanA cAhate haiM unheM AzIrvAda-yaha grantha samarpaNa upAdhyAya kanakanaMdI OD UU DOOD For Personal & Private Use Only

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satya ko jAnate haiM una sampUrNa satya ko pUrNa rUpa se abhivyakta nahIM kara pAte haiM kyoMki anaMta jJAna se jAnane ke bAda jo use abhivyakta karane vAlI bhASA hai vaha sImita hai| gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM kahA bhI hai paNNavaNijjAbhAvA, aNaMtabhAgo du annbhilppaannN| paNNavaNijjANaM puNa, aNaMtabhAgo sudnnibddho||[334] anabhilapya padArthoM ke anantaveM bhAga pramANa prajJApanIya padArtha hote haiM aura prajJApanIya padArthoM ke anantaveM bhAga pramANa zruta meM nibaddha haiN| kevalajJAnI sarvajJa hone se kevalajJAna ke dvArA jo jAnate hai usakI abhivyakti divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se karate evaM divyadhvani kI zakti sImita hone se jitanA jAnate haiM usakA anantaveM bhAva prarUpaNA (abhivyakti, kathana, upadeza) karate haiN| isaliye jitanA jAnate haiM usake anantaveM bhAga prarUpaNa karate haiM avazeSa bhAga kA kathana nahIM hotA hai| arihaMta bhagavAna jo kathana karate hai usake anantaveM bhAga gaNadhara jhelate (grahaNa karate) haiN| gaNadhara jitanA grahaNa karate haiM usake anantaveM bhAga zruta meM nibaddha (lipibaddha, nirupita, zrutaracanA) karate haiN| isase siddha hotA hai jo pUrNa dvAdazAMga zruta hai vaha bhI pUrNa jJAna svarUpa nahIM hai parantu pUrNa zruta meM sampUrNadravyoM kA saMkSipta varNana avazya hai athavA kevalajJAna anaMta pratyakSa jJAna hai evaM zrutajJAna parokSajJAna hai| kahA bhI hai- . sudakevalaM ca NANaM, doNNi vi sarisANi hoMti bohaado| sudaNANaM tu parokkhaM, paccakkhaM kevalaM nnaannN||[369] go.sAra .. jJAna kI apekSA zrutajJAna tathA kevalajJAna donoM hI sadRza haiN| parantu donoM meM antara yahI hai ki zrutajJAna parokSa hai aura kevalajJAna pratyakSa hai| . jisa taraha zrutajJAna sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai usa hI taraha kevalajJAna bhI sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai| vizeSatA itanI hI hai ki zrutajJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hotA hai isaliye parokSa-avizada aspaSTa hai| isakI amUrta padArthoM meM aura unakI artha paryAyoM tathA dUsare sUkSma aMzoM meM spaSTa rUpa se pravRtti nahIM hotii| kintu kevalajJAna nirAvaraNa hone ke 7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kAraNa samasta padArthoM aura unake sampUrNa guNoM tathA paryAyoM ko spaSTa rUpa se viSaya karatA hai| sarvajJa bhagavAna hI sampUrNa satya ke jJAtA hone se satya ke sarvotkRSTa upadezaka arihanta hI hote haiN| arihanta kI divya dhvani ko sunakara gaNadhara (gaNapati, munisaMgha ke adhipati yA AcArya) usa divyadhvani se prApta artha ko aMga praviSTa aura aMga bAhya athavA prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga rUpa se vibhAga yA sampAdana karate haiN| kahA bhI hai arahaMtabhAsiyatthaM gaNaharadevehiM gaMthiyaM smm| paNamAmi bhaktijutto sudaNANamahovahiM sirsaa|[2] jo artharUpa se arahanta deva ke dvArA jAnA gayA hai, gaNadharoM ke dvArA jisakI racanA huI hai, jo do aura aneka bhedoM meM sthita hai, jo aMga praviSTha aura aMgabAhya ke bheda se prasiddha hai tathA jo anaMta padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA hai, usa zrutajJAna ko bhI namaskAra karatA huuN| vizva anAdi anaMta hone se mokSamArga anAdi hai aura mokSamArga ko prApta karane vAle bhI anAdi se haiN| isalie tIrthaMkara, kevalI, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, siddha bhI anAdi se hote A rahe haiM, parantu vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla ke Adi brahmA RSabhadeva se lekara bhagavAna mahAvIra paryanta 24 tIrthaMkara hue haiN| aise 24 tIrthaMkara bhUtakAla meM bhI anaMta ho gaye haiN| videha.Adi zAzvatika karmabhUmi meM abhI bhI sImandhara Adi tIrthaMkara vidyamAna haiN| aise hI Age bhI bhaviSyat kAla meM tIrthaMkara Adi hoMge, parantu vartamAna meM isa yuga ke aMtima 24 veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA zAsana cala rahA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma IsA pU. 599 (vikrama pUrva, 542) meM huA thaa| ve 30 varSa kI kizorAvasthA meM bAla brahmacArI rahate hue IsA pUrva (569) vi.pU. (512) meM sampUrNa antaraMga-bahiraMga parigraha ke sAtha-sAtha vastra tyAga kara digambara dIkSAdhAraNa kara lii| 12 varSa kI kaThina maunapUrvaka tapasyA ke bAda 42 varSa kI Ayu meM I.pU. (557) vi.pU. (500) ko kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| 30 varSa taka vibhinna sthAna meM vihAra karake dharmopadeza diyaa| 527 I.pU. (470 vi.pU.) meM 72 varSa kI Ayu meM pAvApurI ke padma sarovara se nirvANa prApta kiyaa| yaha samaya caturtha kAla ke aMtima caraNa For Personal & Private Use Only

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maMgala AzIrvAda vizeSa prasannatA kI bAta hai ki svatantratA ke sUtra kA prakAzana ho rahA hai| pustaka ke lekhaka upAdhyAya kanakanaMdI jI haiM, ve vizeSa parizrama kara rahe haiN| vartamAna meM bAlakoM para saMskAra DAlanA paramAvazyaka hai, unako dhArmika jJAna prApta honA jarUrI hai, Age jAkara baccoM para hI dharma kA bhAra hai, unhIM ko dharma calAnA hai, unako zikSita karanA parama Avazyaka hai, ina saba bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yaha taiyAra kI hai| AzA hai avazya lAbhAnvita hoNge| lekhaka va prakAzaka evaM dravyadAtA aura dharma jJAna prApta karane vAle sabhI ko merA AzIrvAda / - yaha pustaka. jaina dharma ko samajhane meM AzAdIpa siddha hoinhIM maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha / - gaNadharAcArya kunthusAgara For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura paMcama kAla ke kucha varSa pahale kA hai arthAt 3 varSa 8 mAha / pakSa caturtha kAla kA avazeSa rahate hue yA itane hI kAla paMcamakAla ke pUrva mahAvIra bhagavAna kA nirvANa huaa| jisa dina mahAvIra bhagavAna ne nirvANa ko prApta kiyA vaha dina kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA thaa| mahAvIra bhagavAna jisa dina mokSa padhAre usa dina gautama gaNadhara ko kevalajJAna prApta huA isake upalakSya meM devaloga dIpamAlikA prajjvalita kara parva mnaayaa| taba se "dIpAvalI" kA tyauhAra bhArata varSa meM prAraMbha huaa| jo ki abhI taka bhAratavarSa meM prAya: sabhI sampUrNa sampradAya utsAha sahita mAnate gautama gaNadhara ke siddha hone para sudharmAsvAmI kevalI hue| sudharmAsvAmI ke karmanAza karane (mukta hone) para jambU svAmI kevalI hue| jambUsvAmI ke siddha hone ke pazcAt phira koI anubaddha kevalI nahIM haa| gautamAdika (gautama gaNadhara, sudharmAsvAmI aura jambUsvAmI) kevaliyoM ke dharma pravartana kAla kA pramANa piNDarUpa se bAsaTha (62) varSa pramANa hai| kevalajJAniyoM meM aMtima kevalI zrIdhara kuNDalagirI se siddha hue aura cAraNa RSiyoM meM supArzvacanda RSi antima hue| __ prajJAzramaNoM meM vrajayaza antima hue aura avadhijJAniyoM meM zruta, vinaya aura suzilAdi se sampanna zrI nAmaka RSi anta meM hue hai| ___ mukuTadharoM meM aMtima jinadIkSA candragupta ne dhAraNa kii| isake pazcAt kisI mukuTadhArI ne pravrajyA grahaNa nahIM kii| caudaha pUrva dhAriyoM ke nAma evaM unake kAla kA pramANa- (1) nandI, (2) nandi mitra, (3) aparAjita, (4) govardhana, (5) bhadrabAhu isa prakAra ye 5 puruSottama jaga meM caudaha pUrvI isa nAma se vikhyAta hue| bAraha aMgoM ke dhAraka ye pA~coM zrutakevalI zrI vardhamAna svAmI ke tIrtha meM hue haiN| ina 5 zrutakevaliyoM kA sampUrNa kAla 100 varSa hotA hai| . ina pA~co ke bAda bharata kSetra meM phira zrutakevalI nahIM hue| dasapUrvadhArI evaM unakA kAla- (1) vizAkhA, (2) proSThila, (3) kSatriya, (4) jaya, (5) nAga, (6) siddhArtha, (7) dhRtiSeNa, (8) vijaya, (9) buddhila 29 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #17
gaMgadeva (10) sudharma- ina sabakA kAla eka sau tairAsI (183) varSa pramANa hai| isake bAda dasapUrvadhara rUpa sUrya phira nahIM (udita) rheN| gyAraha aMgadhArI evaM unakA kAla- (1) nakSatra, (2) jayapAla, (3) pAMDu (4) dhruvasena, (5) kaMsa ye 5 AcArya gyAraha aMgadhArI hue| inakA kAla 220 varSa haiN| inake svargastha hone para phira anya gyAraha aMga dhAraka bhI nahIM AcArAMgadhArI evaM kAla - (1) subhadra, (2) yazobhadra, (3) yazobAhu, (4) lohArya ye cAroM AcArAMgadhArI hue, inakA kAla 118 varSa hai| ye cAroM AcArya AcArAMga ke atirikta zeSa gyAraha aMgoM aura 14 pUrvo ke eka deza ke dhAraka the| ___gautama gaNadhara se lohArya paryanta kA sammilita kAla pramANa- inake svargastha hone para bharatakSetra meM phira koI AcArAGga jJAna ke dhAraka nahIM hue hai| gautama muni ko Adi lekara (AcArya lohArya paryanta ke) sampUrNa kAla kA pramANa 683 varSa hotA hai| . isake bAda aMga ke kucha aMga ke dhArI dharasena hue| inase AcArya puSpadaMta evaM bhUtabali adhyayana karake SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA kii| vartamAna kAla meM digambara jaina paramparA ke anusAra lipibaddha rUpa meM yaha zAstra-racanA sarvaprathama thii| inhoMne prAkRta bhASA meM gadya rUpa meM sUtra kI racanA kii| isake bAda guNadhara AcArya hue, jinhoMne kaSAyapAhuDa kI racanA kii| yaha racanA prAkRta gAthA baddha hai| guNadhara AcArya kA kAla IsA samvat 57 se lekara 156 taka saMbhAvita hai| isI paramparA meM Age jAkara AcArya padmanaMdI hue, jinakA prasiddha nAma kundakundadeva hai| inakA kAla saMbhavataH 127 se lekara 179 I. samvat hai| bahuza: (sambhavataH) inake suyogya ziSya AcArya umAsvAmI (umAsvAti) hue| inakA kAla saMbhavata: 179 se 220 taka hai| inakA samaya nandisaMgha kI paTTAvali ke anusAra vIra-nirmANa samvat 571 hai, jo ki vi. sa. 101 AtA hai| vidvajjanabodhaka meM agralikhita padya hai: 10 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #18
varSa saptazate caiva umAsvAmimunijAtiH vIraM nirvANa saMvat 770 meM umAsvAmI muni hue, tathA usI samaya kunda - kundAcArya bhI hue / nandisaMgha kI paTTAvali meM batAyA hai ki umAsvAmI 40 varSa 8 mahine AcArya pada para pratiSThita rhe| unakI Ayu 84 varSa kI thI aura vikrama saMvat 142 meM unake paTTa para lohAcArya dvitIya pratiSThita hue| pro. hArnale, DA. piTarsana aura DA. satIzacandra ne isa paTTAvali ke AdhAra para umAsvAmI ko IsA kI prathama zatAbdI kA mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI eka pravRddha, prajJAdhanI, bahuzAstrajJa, AgamajJa, saMskRta ke prakANDa talasparzI vidvAn, tArkika tathA bahuAyAmI tatvajJa sAdhaka tathA lekhaka the / isaliye unake lie kahA gayA hai - saptatyA ca vismRtau / kundakundastathaiva ca // tatvArtha sUtrakarttAraM vande gRddhapicchopalakSitam / gaNendrasaMjAtamumAsvAmImunIzvaram // tattvArtha sUtra ke karttA, gRddhapiccha se yukta, gaNIndra saMjAta, umAsvAmI munIzvara ko maiM namaskAra karatA huuN| na tAlluka ke eka digambara zilAlekha naM. 46 meM likhA hai - tatvArthasUtrakarttAramumAsvAtimunIzvaram / vande'haM zrutakevalidezIyaM guNamandiram // isa tattvArtha sUtra ke karttA kA nAma umAsvAti batalAyA gayA hai aura unheM zrutavalIdezIya likhA hai / sambhavataH 'gaNIndra saMjAta' kA matalaba bhI zrutakevalI dezIya hI jAna par3atA hai| zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekhoM meM yaha zloka pAyA jAtA hai abhUdumAsvAtimunIzvaro'sAvAcAryazabdottaragRddhapicchaH / tadanvaye tatsadRzo'sti nAnyastAtkAlikAzeSapadArthavedI // kundakunda ke vaMza meM gRddha picchAcArya umAsvAmI munIzvara hue| usa samaya For Personal & Private Use Only 11

Page #19
samasta padArthoM kA jJAtA unake samAna dUsare nahIM the / . zilA lekha naM. 108 meM likhA hai abhUdumAsvAti muniH pavitre vaMze tadIye sakalArthavedI / sUtrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArthajAtaM munipuMgavena // AcArya kundakunda ke pavitra vaMza meM sakalArtha ke jAnane vAle umAsvAmI muni hue jinhoMne jina praNIta dvAdazAMga vANI ko sUtroM meM nibaddha kiyA / isa yuga meM lipibaddha sAhitya kI racanA bhUtabali aura puSpadaMta AcArya se zurU huI aura yaha paramparA kundakundAcArya taka prAkRta bhASA meM hI thI parantu AcArya umAsvAmI hI prathama AcArya hai jinhoMne apanI racanA saMskRta meM 'sUtrabaddha rUpa meM kii| bahuza: usa samaya bhAratavarSa meM saMskRta bhASA kI prAdhAnyatA aura pracuratA bahulatA huI ho isa kAraNa inhoMne apanI racanA saMskRta bhASA meM kI ho| jisa grantha kI racanA umAsvAmI ne kI hai, usameM dasa adhyAya hai aura 357 sUtra hai / isa zAstra kA prAcIna nAma sambhavataH " tattvArtha" rahA hogA kyoMki isameM tattva aura usake artha kA sAMgopAMga varNana hai| aura bhI eka kAraNa yaha hai ki isake Upara aura bhI aneka prasiddha TIkA hai| usake anusAra " tattvArtha" hai| jaise- pUjya pAda kI tattvArtha vRtti (aparanAma - sarvArthasiddhi) aMkalakadeva kA tattvArtha vArtika ( aparanAma - rAjavArtika) AcArya vidyAnanda kA zloka vArtika, zrutasAgara kI tattvArtha vRtti, Adi hai / amRtacanda sUri ne bhI tattvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para hI zloka - baddha 'tattvArtha sAra' kI racanA kI hai| ina saba racanA meM 'tattvArtha' mUla rUpa meM AyA hai| Age jAkara isa zAstra kA nAma " tattvArtha sUtra " tathA "mokSazAstra" rUpa meM prasiddha huA / bahuza: yaha zAstra sUtrabaddha meM racita hone se " tattvArtha sUtra" isa nAma se prasiddha huA hai| isa zAstra meM mokSa kA sAMgopAMga varNana hone se yaha 'mokSazAstra' nAma se prasiddha huA hai| isa zAstra ke racanA ke bAre meM prasiddha kimbadantI hai ki saurASTra deza Ujaryanta girI ke nikaTa 'girI' nAmaka nagara meM siddhayya nAmaka vidvAn zrAvaka rahatA thaa| usane zAstra kI racanA ke lie eka phalaka para "darzanajJAnacAritrANi 12 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #20
mokSa mArgaH" likhakara divAla para TaMgA diyA thaa| eka dina AhAra caryA ke lie gRddhapicchAcArya (umAsvAmI) Aye unhoMne AhAra ke bAda usa sUtra ko .dekhakara vicAra kiyA ki yaha sUtra galata hai tathA saMzodhana ke yogya hai kyoMki kevala darzana, jJAna, cAritra se mokSa nahIM hotA balki samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ke samUha se mokSa hotA hai| isalie unhoMne isa sUtra ke pahale 'samyaka' zabda jor3a diyA jisase "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" sUtra bana gyaa| usake bAda AcArya zrI apanI vasatikA meM lauTa gye| jaba AcArya zrI AhAra ke lie Aye the taba siddhayya bAhara gayA huA thaa| jaba vaha vApasa AyA taba usane dekhA ki sUtra ke pahale 'samyak' zabda lagA huA hai| taba vaha apanI mAtA se munirAja ke Ane kA samAcAra jJAta karake khojatA huA unake pAsa pahu~cA aura namana karane ke bAda pUchA-gurudeva! AtmA kA hita kyA hai ? muni mahArAja bole-AtmA kA hita samasta baMdhanoM se rahita pUrNa svAtantrya yA mokSa hai| punaH usane prazna kiyA - bhagavan ! mokSa ke prApta karane kA upAya kyA hai? AcArya zrI ne uttara diyA-'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' usake bAda vaha zrAvaka vicAra karatA hai zAstra kA racanAkAra maiM nahIM ho sakatA huuN| gurudeva hI isake lie samartha hai isalie usane gurudeva se mokSamArga ke prarupaNA ke artha zAstra racanA kI prArthanA kii| taba AcArya umAsvAmI ne usa bhavya ko sambodhana karane ke lie bhavyajanoM ko mArga darzana karane ke lie, Atma sambodhana ke lie, satyArtha prakAzana ke lie, vastu svarUpa nirUpaNa karane ke lie, dharma prabhAvanA ke lie, paramparA Agata jinavANI ko jIvita rakhane ke lie, evaM Age bar3hAne ke lie 'tattvArtha sUtra' kI racanA kii| kyoMki AcArya deva ko mAlUma thA vartamAna kAla meM koI tIrthaMkara, gaNadhara, mahAna puruSa nahIM hai, parantu una mahAna puruSa kI vANI, va jinavANI hI unake uttaradAyitva ko nibhAtI hai| isalie jinavANI kI racanA evaM pracAra-prasAra hI jinavANI kI pUjA hai jinavANI kI pUjA hI bhagavAn kI pUjA hai| padmanandI AcArya ne kahA bhI hai: 13 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #21
sampratyasti na kevalI kila kalau trailokyacUr3AmaNistadvAcaH paramAste'tra bharatakSetre jgddhyotikaa| sadratnatrayadhAriNo yativarA~steSA smaalmbnN| tatpUjA jinavAcipUjanamata: sAkSAjjinaH puujitH|| vartamAna meM isa kalikAla meM tIna loka ke pUjya kevalI bhagavAn isa bharata kSetra meM nahIM hai tathApi samasta bharatakSetra meM jagatprakAzinI kevalI bhagavAna kI vANI maujUda hai tathA usa vANI ke AdhAra stambhazreSTha ratnatrayadhArI muni bhI hai| isalie una muniyoM kI pUjana to sarasvatI kI pUjana hai tathA sarasvatI pUjana sAkSAt kevalI bhagavAn kI pUjana hai| ___uparokta zloka meM varNita bhAvanA hI prabala uddIpaka preraNAprada kAraNa hai jisake kAraNa nispRha-zAnta niSparigrahI nirgrantha jaina saMta bhI jo ki khyAti-pUjA-lAbha-prazaMsA-lokapaMkti-lokasaMgraha kI bhAvanA se rahita hote hue bhI granthoM kI racanA karate haiN| isI prakAra isa tattvArthasUtra kI racanA ke pIche bhI kAraNa hai| isa tattvArtha sUtra meM jaina dharma ke karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga sambandhI samasta viSaya sUkSma rUpa se sUtrabaddha rUpa meM nibaddha hai| jaise-hindu dharma meM gItA, islAma meM kurAna, IsAI dharma meM bAibila kA sthAna mahatvapUrNa hai isI taraha jaina dharma meM isa 'tattvArthasUtra' kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai isalie to vidyAnaMdI svAmI Apta parIkSA meM ise bahumUlya ratnoM kA utpAdaka, salilanidhi samudra kahA hai zrImattattvArthazAstrAdbhUtasalilanidheriddharatnodbhavasya, protthAnArambhakAle sakalamalabhide zAstrakAraiH kRtaM yt| stotraM tIrthopamAnaM prathitapRthupathaM svAmimImAMsitaM tat, vidyAnandaiH svazaktyA kathamapi kathitaM styvaakyaarthsiddhyai|| prakRSTa ratnoM ke udbhava ke sthAnabhUta zrImattattvArtha zAstrarUpI adbhUta samudra kI utpatti ke prArambhakAla meM mahAn mokSapatha ko prasiddha karane vAle aura tIrthopamasvarUpa jisa stotra ko zAstrakAra gRddhapicchAcArya ne samasta karmamala ke bhedana karane ke abhiprAya se racA hai aura jisakI (samantabhadra) svAmI ne mImAMsA kI hai, 14 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #22
usI stotra kA satyavAkyArtha ( yathArthatA) kI siddhi ke lie mujha vidyAnanda ne apanI zakti ke anusAra kisI prakAra vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| isa zAstra kA itanA mahattva hai ki bhAvapUrvaka isakA svAdhyAya karane se eka upavAsa kA phala prApta hotA hai / kundakunda deva ne svAdhyAya ko paramatapa kahA hai| svAdhyAya se pA~coM indriyA~ evaM mana, zarIra saMyamita ho jAte haiM jisase pApa karma kI nirjarA hotI hai sAtizaya puNya ba~dhatA hai, Atma vizuddhi hotI hai isalie isake pATha se eka upavAsa kA phala lagatA hai| kahA bhI hai dazAdhyAye paricchinne tattvArthe paThite sati / syAdupavAsasya bhASitaM munipuMgavaiH // phalaM dasa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta isa tattvArthasUtra (mokSazAstra) ke pATha karane tathA paricchedana arthAt manana se zreSTha muniyoM ne eka upavAsa kA phala kahA hai| tattvArthasUtra kA aparanAma mokSazAstra hai| yaha nAma anvartha saMjJaka hai kyoMki isameM mokSa kA, mokSa upAya kA sAMgopAMga varNana hai| pratyeka jIva mokSa prApta karanA cAhatA hai kyoMki mokSa meM hI zAzvatika sukha evaM zAMti hai| sukha evaM zAMti pratyeka jIva ko bhAtI hai isalie vaha cAhatA hai| yaha jIva kA svAbhAvika guNa hai| isa mokSazAstra meM jo kucha varNana kiyA gayA hai vaha zAzvatika satya hone ke kAraNa isakA varNana anya-anya jainAcAryoM ne apanI kRti meM vibhinna praNAlI meM kiyA haiM / itanA hI nahIM, gaNadhara evaM sAkSAt sarvajJa arihanta tIrthaMkara kA bhI yahI upadeza hai| abhI taka jo ananta kevalI hue hai, videhAdi meM kevalI haiM, aura Age bhI ananta kevalI hoMge unakA bhI yahI upadeza hai| bhale hI usa upadeza meM dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ko lekara antara par3atA hai parantu zAzvatika satya evaM antarnihita tathyarUpI mokSamArga kI prarUpaNA, satya kI prarUpaNA hai| isalie AcArya umAsvAmI ne lipibaddha rUpa meM jo sUtroM kA praNayana kiyA hai bhale hI isa sUtra ke racanAkAra AcArya umAsvAmI ko mAna sakate hai tathApi isa satya ke sAkSAtkAra karane vAle kevala umAsvAmI hI nahIM haiM, parantu jo ananta jIva abhI taka mokSa prApta kara liye haiM unhoMne kiyA hai aura Age bhI ananta jIva jo mokSa prApta kareMge, ve bhI kareMge aura For Personal & Private Use Only 15

Page #23
jo abhI videhAdi se mokSa prApta kareMge, ve bhI kareMge aura jo abhI videhAdi se mokSa prApta kara rahe haiM ve bhI kara rahe haiN| isalie isa zAstra meM nihita satya lipibaddha rUpa se sAdi hote hue bhI bhAvAtmaka rUpa se anAdi ananta aura zAzvatika hai kyoMki parama satya tIna kAla meM aparivartanazIla rahatA hai tathA ananta satya dRSTA jo satya kA darzana karate haiM vaha satya eka hI hotA hai| isalie anantajJAniyoM kA siddhAnta vacana eka hI hotA hai aura eka ajJAnI ke mata evaM vacana aneka hote haiN| ataeva AcArya kundakunda deva ne jo mokSamArga kA varNana kiyA vaha varNana bhI tattvArtha sUtra meM varNita varNana ke samAna hI hai. maggo maggaphalaM ti ya, duvihaM jiNasAsaNe smkkhaadN| . maggo mokkhauvAyo, tassa phalaM hoI nnivvaannN||[2] jinendra bhagavAna ke zAsana meM mArga aura mArga kA phala isa prakAra se do prakAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, mokSa kA upAya mArga hai aura usa mArga kA phala nirvANa hai| Niyameva ya jaM kajjaM, taM NiyamaM nnaanndNsnncrittN| vivarIyapariharattthaM, bhaNidaM khalu sAramidi vayaNaM / [3] jo niyama se karane yogya hai vaha 'niyama' kahalAtA hai aura vaha jJAna-darzana-cAritra hai| viparIta kA parihAra karane ke lie vAstava meM 'sAra' aisA vacana kahA gayA hai| yahAM para niyama zabda meM 'sAra' isa zabda ke pratipAdana dvArA svabhAva (samyak) ratnatraya kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai| . NiyamaM mokkhauvAyo, tassa phalaM havadi prmnnivvaannN| edesiM tiNhaM pi ya, patteyaparUvaNA hoii||[4] samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra rUpa ratnatraya svarUpa niyama mokSa kA upAya hai| usakA phala parama nirvANa hai| punazca ina tInoM meM se pratyeka kI prarupaNA hotI hai| attAgamataccANaM, saddahaNAdo havei sammattaM / vavagayaasesadoso, sayalaguNappA have atto||[5] 16 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #24
Apta, Agama aura tattvoM ke zraddhAna se samyaktva hotA hai| samasta doSoM se rahita aura sakala guNoM se sahita AtmA hotA hai| jIvA poggalakAyA, dhammAdhammA ya kAla aayaasN| taccattthA idi bhaNidA, NANaguNapajjaehiM sNjuttaa||[9] jIva; pudgalakAya, dharma, adharma, kAla aura AkAza se chahoM hI vividha guNa paryAyoM se saMyukta tattvArtha' isa prakAra se kahe gaye haiN| isI prakAra mokSamArga samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrAtmaka hai| yaha ratnatraya jIva kA svabhAva hone se mokSamArga bhI jIva kA svarUpa hai| itanA hI nahIM, ratnatraya kI pUrNatA hI mokSa hai aura yaha pUrNatA jIva meM hI hotI hai isalie jIva kA svasvarUpa hI mokSa hai| dravyasaMgraha meM kahA bhI hai sammaiMsaNaNANaM caraNaM mokkhassa kAraNaM jaanne| vavahArA Nicchayado tattiyamaiyo Nio appA // [39] samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ina tInoM ke samudAya ko vyavahAra se mokSa kA kAraNa jaano| tathA nizcaya se samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna aura cAritra svarUpa jo nija AtmA hai usako mokSa kA kAraNa jaano| rayaNattayaM Na vaTTai appANaM muittu annnndviymhi| - tamhA tattiyamaio hodi hu mokkhassa kAraNaM aadaa||[40] AtmA ko chor3akara anya dravya meM ratnatraya nahIM rahatA isa kAraNa usa ratnatrayamayI jo AtmA hai vahI nizcaya se mokSa kA kAraNa hai| mokSa kI siddhi samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna evaM samyak cAritra ke samyak samavAya (samudAya, saMgaThana, milana) se hI hotI hai| rAjavArtika meM aMkalaMka deva svAmIne kahA bhI hai rasAyana ke samAna samyagdarzanAdi tInoM meM avinAbhAva sambandha hai, nAntarIyaka . (tInoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva) hone se| tInoM kI samagratA ke binA mokSa kI . prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai| jaise rasAyana ke jJAna mAtra meM rasAyanaphala arthAt 17 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #25
roganivRtti nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki isameM rasAyana zraddhAna aura rasAyana kriyA kA abhAva hai| yadi kisI ne rasAyana ke jJAna mAtra se rasAyana phala-Arogya dekhA ho to batAve? parantu rasAyana jJAna se Arogya phala milatA nahIM hai, na rasAyana kI kriyA (apathyatyAgAdi) mAtra se roga nivRtti hotI hai| kyoMki isameM rasAyana ke ArogyatA guNa kA zraddhAna aura jJAna kA abhAva hai tathA jJAnapUrvaka kriyA se rasAyana kA sevana kiye binA kevala zraddhAna mAtra se bhI ArogyatA nahIM mila sktii| isaliye pUrNaphala kI prApti ke liye rasAyana kA vizvAsa, jJAna aura usakA sevana Avazyaka hI hai| jisa prakAra yaha vivAda rahita haiusI prakAra darzana aura cAritra ke abhAva meM sirpha jJAna mAtra se mokSa kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| mokSamArga ke jJAna aura tadanurupa kriyA ke abhAva meM sirpha zraddhAna mAtra se mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA aura na jJAna, zraddhAna, zUnya kriyA mAtra se mukti prApta ho sakatI hai kyoMki jJAna-zraddhAnarahita kriyA niSphala hotI "hataM jJAnaM kriyAhInaM, hatA cAjJAninAM kriyaa| dhAvan kilAndhako dagdhaH, pazyannapi ca paMgula: (1) saMyogameveha vadanti tajjJA na hyekacakreNa rathaH pryaati| andhazca paGguzca vane praviSTau, tau saMprayuktau nagaraM prvissttau||"(2) kahA bhI hai - kriyAhIna jJAna naSTa ho jAtA hai aura ajJAniyoM kI kriyA niSphala hotI hai| dAvAnala se vyApta vana meM jisa prakAra andhA idhara-udhara bhAga kara bhI jala jAtA hai, usI prakAra laMgar3A dekhatA huA bhI jala jAtA hai, kyoMki eka cakra se ratha nahIM cala sakatA hai| ata: jJAna aura kriyA kA saMyoga hI kAryakArI hai- aisA vidvAnoM kA kathana hai| eka andhA aura eka laMgar3A donoM vana meM praviSTa the| donoM mila gaye to nagara meM A gye| yadi andhA aura laMgar3A donoM mila jAyeM aura aMdhe ke kandhe para laMgar3A baiTha jAye to donoM kA hI uddhAra ho jaay| laMgar3A rAstA batAkara jJAna kA kArya kare aura aMdhA pairoM se calakara cAritra kA kArya kare to donoM hI nagara meM A sakate haiN| uparyukta siddhAnta se sunizcita nirNaya hotA hai ki ratnatraya hI mokSa mArga tathA mokSa svarUpa hai| isalie umAsvAmI ne prathama adhyAya meM samyagdarzana 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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evaM samyagjJAna kA varNana kiyA hai tathA samyagjJAna ke kAraNabhUta samyak naya kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| samyak cAritra va varNana saptama adhyAya se lekara Age 9veM adhyAya taka kiyA gayA hai| praka gantara se pahale adhyAya meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna kA varNana kiyA gayA haiM evaM dvitIya adhyAya meM samyagdarzana ke kAraNa-bhUta jIvAdi sapta tattvoM meM se jIva tattva usake vibhinna bhAga va bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM jIva ke uttara bheda svarUpa nArakI, manuSya evaM tiryaMcoM kA varNana hai| caturtha adhyAya meM jIva ke uttara bheda svarUpa cAroM prakAra ke devoM kA varNana hai| paMcama adhyAya bahuta hI mahattva pUrNa, dArzanika evaM vaijJAnika adhyAya hai| isameM dharma dravya, adharma dravya, AkAza dravya, kAla dravya ke sAtha-sAtha jIva dravya kA bhI vaijJAnika evaM dArzanika praNAlI se sUtra-baddha varNana hai| Adhunika vijJAna kI bhautika vijJAna, rasAyanika vijJAna, jIva vijJAna kI zAkhAoM ke sAtha-sAtha aNuvijJAna, prakAza siddhAnta, zabda siddhAnta, rasAyanika bandha prakriyA, dharma dravya (gati mAdhyama Media of Motion) adharma dravya (sthiti mAdhyama Media of rest) sApekSa siddhAnta (theory of Relativity) Adi kA varNana hai| prakArAntara se tIsare adhyAya meM adholoka evaM madhyaloka kA varNana hai evaM caturtha adhyAya meM urdhvaloka (svarga) kA varNana hai| ___6 veM adhyAya meM tIsare Atrava tattva kA varNana hai| Amrava hI saMsAra kA mUla kAraNa hai| mukhya rUpa se Asrava do prakAra ke haiM- (1) puNyAsava (2) paapaasv| pApAsava saMsAra kA kAraNa hone se heya hai, puNyAmrava paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa hone se prAthamika avasthA meM upAdeya hai| tIrthaMkara prakRti bhI puNyAsava hai, jisa prakRti ko nizcita rUpa se samyagdRSTi hI bA~dhate haiN| zubha Amrava evaM zubha bandha jIva ke lie hitakArI hone se isakA varNana vistAra rUpa se saptama adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| zubhaAmrava ke nimitta bhUta dezavrata evaM mahAvrata hai isalie isa adhyAya meM dezavrata, mahAvrata kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| prakArAntara se ratnatraya ke abheda aMgasvarUpa cAritra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| aSTama adhyAya meM jIva-ajIva, Amrava, ke bAda caturtha bandha tattva kA varNana hai| Asrava pUrvaka bandha hotA hai isalie Asrava ke bAda bandha kA varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| gommaTa sAra karmakANDa 19 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #27
meM jo karma siddhAnta kA varNana kiyA hai usakA hI saMkSipta evaM sAragarbhita varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta Asrava evaM bandha tattva haiM, saMvara evaM nirjarA mokSa . ke lie kAraNabhUta hai isalie krama prApta pA~caveM evaM chaThaThe tattva kA varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| 9 veM adhyAya meM saMvara evaM nirjarA ke kAraNabhUta muni cAritra, tapa, dhyAna, gupti, samiti, dharma evaM anuprekSA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dasaveM adhyAya meM jIva ke mukhya dhyeya svarUpa antima saptama tattva mokSa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| mokSa kA artha sampUrNa bandhanoM se rahita honA hai| sampUrNa bandhanoM se rahita hone para sampUrNa vaibhAvika bhAva naSTa ho jAte haiM parantu svAbhAvika bhAva pUrNa rUpa se zuddha hokara pragaTa rUpa meM rahate haiN| mokSa prApta hotA hai madhya loka ke ar3hAIdvIpa meM aura mukta jIva usI hI eka samaya meM siddha zilA ke Upara lokAgra meM ananta kAla taka ke liye sthira ho jAte haiN| vahA~ se puna: saMsAra meM vApisa nahIM Ate haiM kyoMki saMsAra meM paribhramaNa hone ke kAraNa bhUta karmoM kA sampUrNa rUpa se abhAva hotA hai| siddha jIva karma ke sAtha-sAtha zarIra, indriyA~, mana se bhI rahita hote haiN| janma, jarA, maraNa, zarIrika, mAnasika, AdhyAtmika dukhoM se bhI rahita hote haiN| bhautika zarIra se rahita hone ke kAraNa azarIrI hote hue bhI jJAnaghanasvarUpa hone se jJAnAkAra rUpa haiN| aise siddha jIva ananta kAla taka ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha, ananta vIrya kA anubhava karate hue ananta kAla taka lokAgra meM sthita rahate haiN| - isa prakAra prathama adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM jisa mokSa mArga kA varNana kiyA gayA usakA hI sAMgopAMga varNana sampUrNa tattvArtha sUtra meM arthAt dasoM adhyAya meM kiyA gyaa| tattvArtha sUtra graMtha samudra ke samAna athAha, AkAza ke samAna vyApaka, aNu ke samAna sUkSma, zuddha AtmA ke samAna pavitra, AtmajJAna ke samAna gUr3ha evaM rahasyapUrNa hone ke kAraNa isake Upara bar3e-bar3e AcAryoM ne bar3I-bar3I TIkAe~ kI hai| itanA hI nahIM Adhunika paNDitoM ne bhI aneka TIkAe~ kI haiN| tathApi maiMne jo isa TIkA kI racanA kI hai usakA kucha vizeSa uddezya 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| isakA mukhya uddezya hai tattvArtha sUtra meM nihIta vaijJAnika tathyoM ko ujAgara karanA kyoMki Adhunika yuga vaijJAnika yuga hai| vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se dhArmika siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karane se dhArmika siddhAnta jo gUr3ha evaM zuSka rahatA hai vahI siddhAnta sarala evaM surUci pUrNa ho jAtA hai| dUsarA uddezya yaha bhI hai ki dhArmika dRSTi meM vijJAna ko samajhane ke lie aura vijJAna kI dRSTi meM dharma ko samajhane ke lie jo vidyArthI evaM zodhakartA cAhate haiM unheM isase mArga darzana mile evaM Age kisI bhI viSaya ko zodha karane ke lie dizA bodha bhI mile| tIsarA uddezya yaha hai ki umAsvAmI AcArya ne jo kahA hai usa siddhAnta sambandhita anyAnya AcAryoM ne kyA kahA hai usakA bhI digdarzana karAnA hai| cauthA uddezya yaha hai ki abhI taka jo Adhunika hindI TIkAyeM huI hai, usameM saMkSipta varNana hai isalie usa viSaya ko vistAra se vidyArthI loga hRdayAMgama kare, isa kAraNa se vistAra se likhA gayA hai| jaba saMgha sahita hamArA Agamana jayapura meM haA thA usa avadhi meM jayapura meM vibhinna dhArmika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, zaikSaNika kAryakrama kI zrRMkhalA meM zaikSaNika zivira bhI lagA thaa| usa zivira meM prAya: pahalI kakSA se lekara lekcarAra (zikSaka, AcArya) taka ke 600 jaina-ajaina vidyArthI bhAga liye the| usa zivira meM mere dvArA (kanakanandI) "dharma darzana vijJAna pravezikA" bhAga-1-2, chahaDhAlA kI kakSAyeM clii| yaha zivira itanA saphala rahA ki isakI carcA jayapura meM clii| isase paMDita aura buddhijIvI bhI prabhAvita hue| isa zivira ke lie nemIcanda kAlA Adi vyakti kI sahAyatA se "dharma darzana vijJAna pravezikA" kI 2100 pustakeM chapI thii| jaba unhoMne merI kitAbeM evaM zikSA dene kI praNAlI dekhI evaM sunI to ve sampUrNa zivira kI vyavasthA karane ke sAtha sAtha zivira kI hara klAsa meM upasthita rahate the| merI lekhana, zikSA, par3hAne kI zailI se prabhAvita hokara kahA-gurudeva! 'mokSa zAstra' jaina dharma kA mukhya zAstra hai isalie vidyArthI varga aura zikSaNa zivira ke adhyayana ke lie vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se Adhunika praNAlI se likhane kA kaSTa kreN| 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #29
unakI bhAvanA se prerita hokara jinavANI kI sevA tathA pracAra, prasAra ke lie baccoM ko jJAnI evaM Ardaza banAne kI merI jo antaraMga bhAvanA hai usase saMbala prApta kara isa TIkA kI racanA huI hai| isakI TIkA ke lie maiMne kundakunda svAmI ke sAhitya, AryikA supArzva mati mAtAjI se anuvAdita akalaMka svAmI kRta rAjavArtika, tattvArthasAra, sarvArthasiddhi, iSTopadeza, samAdhitaMtra, svAmI samantabhadra sAhitya, AtmAnuzAsana, tiloya paNNatti, trilokasAra, dravya saMgraha, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, puruSArtha siddhiupAya, harivaMza purANa, gommaTasAra jIvakANDa-karmakANDa, jJAnArNava Cosmology old and new,. Reality, Tatvartha sutram (english) Adi jaina AcAryoM ke sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha pAtaJjali yoga darzana, mahAbhArata Adi jainetara kRtiyoM kA Avalambana evaM uddharaNa liyA hai| isalie vastutaH isa kRti ke racanAkAra ve hI mahAnubhAva hai jinakI kRti kA maineM Avalambana liyA hai| maiM to kevala eka mAlAkAra yA madhukara ke samAna huuN| jaise mAlAkAra vibhinna vRkSoM se vibhinna zreSTha puSpoM ko saMcaya kara mAlA banAtA hai vaise hI maiMne bhI vibhinna AcAryoM ke sAhitya rUpI puSpa tarU se siddhAnta rUpI. acche-acche puSpa cayana, karake umAsvAmI kRta sUtra meM piroyA hai| jaise-madhumakkhI vibhinna puSpoM se madhu lAkara chatte meM saMcaya karatI hai vaise maiMne bhI Agama rUpI vibhinna puSpoM se siddhAntarUpI madhu saMgraha karake tattvArtha sUtra rUpI madhu koza meM saMcaya kiyA hai| mere lekhana kArya adhika vyApaka hone ke kAraNa isa kArya meM hamAre saMghastha muni kumAra vidyAmaMdi, muni guptinandI, AryikA rAjazrI mAtAjI, Arthika kSamAzrI mAtA jI, bra. suSamA, bra. prajJA (DolI), bra. dIpA, bra. saMdhyA, bra. mInA, mujjapharanagara kI merI dhArmika ziSyA ku. soniyA, ku. pUnama, DaoN. nIlama, ku. mamatA, nivAI nagara kI dhArmika ziSyAyeM ku. sanmati jaina, ku. rekhA pATanI, ku. haippI, ku. hIrA, ku. sAdhanA, ku. bindU guptA, ku. nirmalA, ku. kamalA; ku. zimalA saMgI, ku. mini, ku. zimalA, ku. piMkI, ku. Dimpala aura mukeza kumAra luhADiyA (saMyojaka), mukeza kumAra kAsalIvAla ne vizeSa sahAyatA kI hai| abhI taka prAya: merI jo 50-60 kitAbeM chapI hai usakA artha bhAra kA 22 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vahana prAya: eka-eka vyakti ne adhikAMzata: vahana kiyA hai| parantu nivAI meM nayA kucha Adarza prastuta huA hai| merI nivAI kI dhArmika ziSya evaM ziSyAe~ milakara 'upAdhyAya kanakanaMdI kI dRSTi meM zikSA" nAmaka pustaka kA arthabhAra vahana kiyA to nivAI di.jaina samAja ne 'svapna vijJAna' kA arthabhAra vahana kiyA hai| isa 'svatantratA ke sUtra' grantha kA arthabhAra di.jaina mahilA samAja ne vahana kiyA hai| mahilA samAja ne isa pustaka kA arthabhAra vahana karake yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki mahilAe~ abalA nahIM sabalA hai| mahilA kevala bhoga santAna-utpatti, khAnA banAne kA yaMtra nahIM hai parantu pArivArika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya, rAjanaitika, dhArmika Adi pratyeka kArya meM puruSa ke kandhe meM kandhe milAkara Age bar3hane meM bhI samartha hai| isake prakAzana meM nemIcanda kAlA jaina Adi jayapura vAloM kA tathA sau.zAradA, mahendrakumAra jaina kalakattA vAloM kA bhI mahatvapUrNa yogadAna rhaa| uparokta dravyadAtA, lekhana kArya meM sahAyaka karane vAle, "dharma darzana vijJAna zodha prakAzana" ke kAryakartA, isa pustaka ke adhyayana karane vAle vidyArthI varga ko merA maMgalamaya AzIrvAda haiN| isa svataMtratA ke sUtra' kA adhyayana karake manana pUrvaka usakA AcaraNa karake samasta jIva mokSamArga ke pathika bane isa mahatI bhAvanA ke sAtha upAdhyAya kanakanandI vartamAna yuga meM vizva meM jo azAnti phailI huI hai usakA mukhya kAraNa satya ke prati vikarSaNa evaM asatya ke prati AkarSaNa hai| 23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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"gurUvara kI sAdhanA evaM siddhi' nivAI nagarI jo pahAr3I kI talahaTI meM basA hai yahA~ hI "upAdhyAya zrI kanakanaMdI mahArAja jI" kA cArtumAsa ho rahA hai isa cAturmAsa kI bhaktoM kI bhakti aura prAkRtika saundarya kI nirAlI chavi AMkhoM ko suhAnI lagatI hai| varSA rAnI bhI gurU ke parizrama se khuza ho isa bAra jhUma-jhUma kara AI aura usane tamatamAte sUrya ko apane AMcala meM chupA kara sabako zItalatA pradAna kara AnaMdita kara diyaa| aisI varSA rAnI kI zaraNa pA isa.suhAne mausama ne prerita kiyA "upAdhyAya kanakanaMdI mahArAja jI" ko ki Apa bhI apanA kArya kareM, ApakA yaha varSA rAnI svAgata karane ko taiyAra hai vaha bhI cAhatI hai ki ApakI lekhanI se Aja kI soI samAja meM jAgRti Aye aura puNyavAna jIvoM kI bhakti va puNya se maiM khuza hokara sAre vizva ko harAbharA, sukhI, sampanna banA duuN| to varSA rAnI ne apanI ThaMDaka se gurUvara ke tana, mana ko zItalatA pahu~cAyI jisase unakA mana isa kaThina kArya meM yAne "tattvArthasUtra" kI isa pustaka kI TIkA likhane meM utsuka ho utthaa| eka ghaTanA aura ghttii| aura ghaTanA ghaTanI bhI svAbhAvika thI kyoMki jaba bhI koI mahApuruSa yA koI vyakti bar3A kArya karane ke lie kadama uThAte haiM taba parIkSA devI usake sAmane unakA sAhasa, dhairya, utsAha, lagana vyaktvi Adi kA lekhA jokhA karane A dhamakatI hai, aura binA usakI mAMga pUrI kiye kisI kI tAkata nahIM jo kisI kArya meM saphalatA pA le| to aisA hI huA upAdhyAya kanakanandI mahArAja jI ke saath| upAdhyAya zrI ne 'tattvArthasUtra' kI TIkA karane jisa pustaka para nizAna va TippaNI, viSaya saMkalana kA kaThina parizrama kiyA thA vahIM pustaka padmanaMdI mahArAja jI ke saMgha kI brahmacAriNI ke sAtha calI gayI thI, idhara upAdhyAya zrI ne pustaka bahuta DhU~r3hI parantu vaha nahIM milI taba jayapura, bar3auta, rohataka saba jagaha AdamI bhejakara puchavAyA, vaise bhI gurUdeva ko jisa pustaka se kAma lenA hotA hai una pustakoM ke prati unakA atirAga rahatA hai| ataH, jaba vaha pustaka nahIM milI to mahArAja zrI kA mana udAsa ho gayA aura unakA honA bhI svAbhAvika thA, kyoMki ve jo bhI kArya karate haiM usameM unakA athaka parizrama For Personal & Private Use Only

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hotA hai aura apanI sArI zakti usa kArya meM lagA dete haiN| Aja sAre deza meM zAyada hI unake jitanA parizramI dUsarA sAdhu ho| aba to mahArAja zrI kahane lage ki maiM na to yaha pustaka likhU aura na hI bar3I pustaka kI TIkA hI likhuu| isa prakAra jaba unakA mana huA taba samAja va sAdhuoM ke puNya ne bhI sAtha diyA aura vaha pustaka mila gyii| . ___ eka dina hama mahArAja jI se padmapurANa par3ha rahe the usameM nikalA ki rAma sItA ke viraha meM kitane duHkhI the| to gurudeva kahane lage ki dekho kSAyika samyagdRSTi rAma eka strI ke pIche itane duHkhI ho rahe hai| to maine kahA-gurudeva kSamA karanA, mujhe yAda hai jaba ApakI pustaka nahIM mila rahI thI taba Apa bhI to aise duHkhI ho gaye the| jaise rAma hanumAna kA mukha dekha rahe the ki yaha kyA sUcanA lAyA hai vaise hI Apa bhI pustaka ke bAre meM sUcanA lAne vAle ko dekhate the aura usa samaya Apa hara kArya se udAsIna ho cuke the| parantu jaba pustaka mila gayI, yaha sUcanA milI to puna: Apa utsAha se bhara gaye aura Apa isa. kArya meM aise juTa gaye ki 1 1/2 mAha meM itanI sundara TIkA jo Aja kI naI pIr3hI, bacce, yuvaka va vidvAna sabakI samajha meM Ane vAlI vaijJAnika va dhArmika DhaMga se likhI gayI jo Aja par3hane vAlI samAja va baccoM ko mArga prazasta karake hameM jainadharma kA hara taraha se jJAna karAne ke lie jJAna dIpikA kA kAma kreNgii| kyoMki guruvara kI lekhanI va dila donoM hI vyApaka hai ve jaba par3hAte haiM taba bhI sArA nicor3a de dete haiM cAhe vaha koI bhI viSaya ho usameM sabhI viSayoM kA samanvaya karake par3hAte hai, likhate haiN| inake isa parizrama se taiyAra kI gayI yaha dharmamayI saiddhAntika "svatantratA ke sUtra" rUpI mAlA pahana kara apane isa jIvana ke aMga-pratyaMgoM ko saMyama ke alaMkAroM se susajjita kara mokSamArga para gamana karate hue usa mukti zrI kA varaNa kareM, jise pA lene ke bAda saMsAra kI hara vastu tuccha hai tyajanIya hai| gurUvara ne itanA adhika parizrama kiyA sirpha isI uddezya ko lekara ki Aja kI vaijJAnika va tArkika samAja jo dharma se virakta ho gayI hai kucha sAmAjika kutattva va rUr3hiyoM ke kAraNa, aise una suSupta cetanAoM ko jagAkara punaH sAre deza va samAja meM jainadharma eka vaijJAnika va lojIka (tArkika) dharma . 25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai yaha batalAne ke lie hI ve hara taraha kI pustakeM paDhate va likhate haiM, pravacana karate haiM, zivira Adi lete haiN| aba ye hamAre bhAgya yA puruSArtha kI bAta haiM ki hama ina kanakanaMdI rUpI jJAna ke sAgara se apanI gAgara kitanI bhara sakate haiN| jinavANI kI avinaya jinako kabhI na bhaatii| Agama viruddha jinako bAteM kabhI na suhaatii|| jana jana ko jinakI vANI sanmArga dikhaatii| gurU kanakanaMdI ke caraNoM meM kSamA nita zIza jhukaatii|| "gurUbhaktA" "AryikA kSamA zrI" [ vartamAna kA puruSArtha bhaviSya ke lie bhAgya bana jAtA hai isalie bhAgya aura puruSArtha paraspara meM janya-janakatva, anupUraka-paripUraka hai| mAnasika ahiMsA-manobhAva ko sampUrNa durAgraha, haThAgraha se rahita hokara satyAnveSI, satyagrAhI, vyApaka dRSTikoNa ko apanAte hue vastu ke vibhinna guNa, dharma ko vibhinna pahaluoM se anekAnta dRSTi se svIkAra karanA mAnasika ahiMsA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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NA pR. 46 47 48 51 53 55 60 64 65 66 67 viSaya sUcI - prathama adhyAya viSaya 1. mokSamArga kA svarUpa (A) ratnatraya kI paribhASA 2. samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa 3. samyagdarzana ke utpatti kI apekSA bheda 4. tattvoM ke nAma 5. sAta tattva tathA samyagdarzana Adi ke vyavahAra ke kAraNa 6. samyagdarzana Adi tathA tattvoM ke jAnane ke upAya 7. samyagjJAna kA varNana jJAna ke bheda aura nAma 8. pramANa kA lakSaNa aura bheda 9. parokSa pramANa ke bheda 10. pratyakSa pramANa ke bheda. 11. matijJAna ke dUsare bheda tathA nAma 12. matijJAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa aura svarUpa 13. matijJAna ke bheda 14. avagraha Adi ke viSaya bhUta padArtha 15. avagraha jJAna meM vizeSatA 16. zrutajJAna kA varNana, zrutajJAna kI utpatti kA krama aura bheda / 17. avadhijJAna kA varNana 18. kSayopazama nimittakaM avadhijJAna ke bheda aura svAmI 19. mana: paryaya jJAna ke bheda ... . (A) dravyamana kA sthAna aura AkAra 20. Rjumati aura vipulamati meM antara 21. mati aura zrutajJAna kA viSaya 22. avadhijJAna kA viSaya 23. manaHparyaya jJAna kA viSaya . 24. kevalajJAna kA viSaya 25. eka jIva ke eka sAtha kitane jJAna ho sakate haiN| '.69 . 70 72 75 77 84 85 87 .90 92 95 96 97. 98 99 27. For Personal & Private Use Only

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28 26. mati zruta aura avadhijJAna meM mithyApana 27. nayoM ke bheda 1. jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva 2. bhAvoM ke bheda 3. aupazamika bhAva ke do bheda 4. kSAyika bhAva ke nau bheda 5. kSAyopazamika bhAva ke aThAraha bheda 6. audayika bhAva ke ikkIsa bheda 7. pAriNAmika bhAva ke bheda adhyAya 2. 8. jIva kA lakSaNa 9. upayoga ke bheda 10. jIva ke bheda 11. saMsArI jIvoM ke bheda 12. saMsArI jIvoM ke anya prakAra se bheda 13. sthAvaroM ke bheda 14. trasa jIvoM ke bheda 15. indriyoM kI gaNanA 16. indriyoM ke mUla bheda 17. dravya indriya kA svarUpa 18. bhAva indriya kA svarUpa 19. paMcendriyoM ke nAma 20. indriyoM ke viSaya 21. mana kA viSaya 22. indriyoM kA svAmI " 23. samanaska kA svarUpa 24. vigrahagati meM gamana kA kAraNa For Personal & Private Use Only 100 104 pR.saM. 111 112 112 113 114 117 120 122 123 127 127 129 130 135 137 138 138 139 140 142 144 145 148 150

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151 152 155 156 157 . 158 159 161 162 25. gamana kisa prakAra hotA hai? 26. mukta jIvoM kI gati 27. saMsArI jIvoM kI gati aura samaya . 28. avigraha gati kA samaya 29. janma ke bheda 30. yoniyoM ke bheda 31. garbhajanma kisake hotA hai? 32. sammUrcchana janma kisake hotA hai ? 33. zarIra ke nAma aura bheda 34. zarIroM kI sUkSmatA kA varNana 35. zarIra ke pradezoM kA vicAra 36. taijasa aura kArmANa zarIra kI vizeSatA 37. eka sAtha jIva ke kitane zarIra ho sakate haiM? 38. kArmANa zarIra kI vizeSatA 39. audArika zarIra kA lakSaNa 40. vaikriyika zarIra kA varNana 41. AhAraka zarIra kA svAmI va lakSaNa 42. liMga (veda) ke svAmI 43. akAla mRtyu kinakI nahIM hotI? adhyAya 3. 165 166 167 170 170 171 171. 174 178 182 pR.saM. 184 186 1. sAta pRthiviyoM - naraka .. A. naraka meM utpatti kA kAla ____B. naraka meM utpatti ke svAmI 2. sAtha pRthiviyoM meM narakoM (biloM) kI saMkhyA 3. nArakiyoM ke duHkha kA varNana 4. nArakoM meM utkRSTa Ayu kA lakSaNa 5. dvIpa, samudroM ke nAma 187 188 188 194 195 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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6. dvIpa aura samudroM kA vistAra aura AkAra 7. jambUdvIpa kA vistAra aura AkAra 8. sAta kSetroM ke nAma 9. kSetroM kA vibhAga karane vAle 6 kulAcaloM ke nAma 10. kulAcaloM kA varNana 11. kulAcaloM kA AkAra 12. kulAcaloM para sthita sarovaroM ke nAma 13. prathama sarovara kI lambAI caur3AI 14. prathama sarovara kI gaharAI 15. usake madhya meM kyA hai ? 16. mahApadmAdi sarovaroM tathA usameM rahane vAle kamaloM kI prabhA 17. kamaloM meM rahane vAlI 6 deviyA~ 18. caudaha mahAnadiyoM ke nAma 19. nadiyoM ke bahane kA krama 20. mahAnadiyoM kI sahAyaka nadiyA~ 21. bharatakSetra kA vistAra 22. Age ke kSetra aura parvatoM kA vistAra 23. videha kSetra ke Age ke parvata aura kSetroM kA vistAra 24. bharata aura airAvata kSetra meM kAlacakra kA parirvatana 25. anya bhUmiyoM kI vyavasthA kI vyavasthA 26. haimavata Adi kSetroM meM Ayu 27. airAvata Adi kSetroM meM Ayu kI vyavasthA 28. videha kSetra meM Ayu kI vyavasthA 29. bharata kSetra kA anya prakAra se vistAra 30. dhAtakI khaNDa kA varNana 31. puSkara dvIpa kA varNana 32. manuSya kSetra 33. manuSyoM ke bheda 34. karmabhUmi kA varNana For Personal & Private Use Only 196 196 199 203 206 206 206 207 208 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 213 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 221

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222 35. bhagujyoM kI utkRSTa aura upanya sthiti 36. tiryaMcoM kI sthiti adhyAya 4. 224 226 227 227 228 230 230 231 232 233 233 234 236 1. devoM kA varNana 2. bhavanatrika devoM meM lezyA kA varNana 3. cAra nikAyoM ke prabheda 4. cAra prakAra ke devoM kA sAmAnya bheda / 5. vyantara aura jyotiSI devoM meM iMdra Adi bhedoM kI vizeSatA 6. devoM meM indroM kI vyavasthA 7. devoM meM strI sukha kA varNana 8. zeSa svoM ke devoM ke viSaya 9. solaha svargoM se Upara ke devoM ke sukha 10. bhavanavAsiyoM ke dasa bheda 11. vyantara devoM ke ATha bheda , 12. jyotiSka devoM ke pA~ca bheda 13. jyotiSka devoM kA vizeSa varNana 14. kAla kA vyavahAra hone kA kAraNa 15. manuSya loka ke bAhara jyotiSa devoM kI sthiti 16. vaimAnika devoM kA varNana 17. vaimAnika devoM ke bheda / 18. kalpoM kA sthitikrama 19. vaimAnika devoM ke rahane kA sthAna 20. vaimAnika devoM meM uttarottara adhikatA 21. vaimAnika devoM meM uttarottara hInatA 22. vaimAnika devoM meM lezyA kA varNana 23. kalpa saMjJA kahA~ taka hai? . 24. laukAntika deva 243 '247 248 249 249 250 250 252 253 254 254 255 For Personal & Private Use Only

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255 256 256 258 258 259 259 25. laukAntika devoM ke nAma 26. anudiza tathA anuttaravAsI devoM meM avatAra kA niyama 27. tiryaMca kauna hai? 28. bhavanavAsI devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu kA varNana 29. vaimAnika devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu 30. kramaza: Age ke svargoM meM Ayu 31. brahmaloka se acyuta paryaMta sthiti 32. kalpAtIta devoM kI Ayu 33. svargoM meM jaghanya Ayu kA varNana 34. utkRSTa evaM jaghanya Ayu ke niyama 35. nArakiyoM kI jaghanya Ayu kA varNana 36. prathama naraka kI jaghanya Ayu / 37. bhavanavAsiyoM kI jaghanya Ayu 38. vyantaroM kI jaghanya Ayu 39. vyantaroM kI utkRSTa Ayu 40. jyotiSI devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu adhyAya 5. 260 26.1 261 262 263 263 263 263 263 265 267 271 1. ajIva tatva kA varNana 2. dravyoM kI gaNanA 3. dravyoM kI vizeSatA 4. pudgala dravya arUpI nahIM hai 5. dravyoM ke svabheda kI gaNanA 6. dravyoM ke svapradezoM kI gaNanA 7. samasta dravyoM ke rahane kA sthAna 8. jIva pradezoM kA saMkoca vistAra svabhAva 9. dharma aura adharma dravya kA upakAra yA lakSaNa 10. AkAza kA upakAra yA lakSaNa 272 273 274 281 289 292 297 For Personal & Private Use Only

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11. pudgala dravya kA upakAra 12. jIvoM kA upakAra 13. kAla kA upakAra 14. pudgala dravya kA lakSaNa 15. pudgala kI paryAya 16. pudgala ke bheda A. vibhinna prakAra ke skandha B. paramANu kA varNana 17. skandhoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa 18. aNu kI utpatti kA kAraNa 19. cAkSuSa ( dekhane yogya - sthUla) skandha kI utpatti 20. dravya kA lakSaNa 21. sat kA lakSaNa 22. paramANuoM ke baMdha hone ke kAraNa 23. bandha kinakA hotA hai ? 24. kAla bhI dravya hai 25. kAla dravya kI vizeSatA 26. guNa kA lakSaNa 27. paryAya kA lakSaNa 1. Amrava tatva kA varNana 2. Amrava kA svarUpa adhyAya 6. A. bhAva Amrava kA svarUpa B. dravya Amrava kA svarUpa 3. yoga ke nimitta se Amrava kA bheda 4. svAmI kI apekSA Amrava ke bheda 5. sAmparAyika Asrava ke bheda For Personal & Private Use Only 298 303 304 308 308 311 313 314 317 318 319 320 324 332 335 341 344 345 349 pR.saM. 353 355 356 356 356 359 360 33

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6. jIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda 7. ajIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda 8. jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke Amrava 9. asAtA vedanIya ke Amrava 10. sAtA vedanIya kA Amrava 11. darzana mohanIya kA Amrava 12. cAritra mohanIya kA Amrava 13. narakaAyu kA Amrava 14. tiryaMca Ayu kA Amrava 15. manuSya Ayu kA Amrava 16. saba AyuoM kA Amrava 17. deva Ayu kA Asrava 18. azubha nAmakarma kA Amrava 19. zubha nAmakarma kA Asrava 20. tIrthaMkara prakRti kA Amrava 21. nIca gotra karma kA Amrava 22. ucca gotra karma kA Amrava 23. antarAya karma kA Amrava adhyAya 7. 1. vrata kA lakSaNa 2. vrata ke bheda 3. vratoM kI sthiratA ke kAraNa 4. ahiMsA vrata kI pAMca bhAvanAe~ 5. satyavrata kI bhAvanAe~ 6. acauryavrata kI bhAvanAe~ 7. brahmacarya vrata kI bhAvanAe~ 8. parigraha tyAga kI bhAvanAe~ For Personal & Private Use Only 365 368 370 372 375 378 379 381 383 384 386 386 388 389 390 395 396 397 pR.saM. 400 403 406 407 408 409 409 410

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411 416 418 419 422 427 429 432 433 433 434 440 9. hiMsAdi pAMca pApoM ke viSaya meM karane yogya vicAra 10. nirantara cintavana karane yogya cAra bhA.nAe~ 11. saMsAra aura zarIra ke svabhAva kA vicAra 12. hiMsA pApa kA lakSaNa 13. asatya kA lakSaNa 14. kuzIla kA lakSaNa 15. parigraha pApa kA lakSaNa 16. vratoM kI vizeSatA 17. vratoM ke bheda 18. agArI kA lakSaNa 19. aNuvrata ke sahAyaka sAta zIlavrata 20. vratI ko sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA upadeza 21. samyak darzana ke pAMca aticAra / 22. 5 vrata aura 7 zIloM ke aticAroM kI vyAkhyA - 23. ahiMsANuvrata ke pAMca aticAra 24. satyANuvrata ke aticAra . 25. acauryANuvrata ke pAMca aticAra 26. brahmacaryANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra 27. parigraha parimANANavata ke aticAra 28. divrata ke aticAra 29. dezavrata ke aticAra 30. anarthadaNDa vrata ke aticAra 31. sAmAyika zikSAvrata ke aticAra 32. proSadhopavAsa zikSAvrata ke aticAra 33. bhoga upabhoga parimANa ke aticAra 34. atithisaMvibhAga vrata ke aticAra 35. sallekhanA ke aticAra * 36. dAna kA lakSaNa - 37. dAna meM vizeSatA 443 445 445 446 447 449 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 459 460 461 462 35 For Personal & Private Use Only ..

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adhyAya 8. pR.saM. 466 471 474 476 482 483 484 486 487 .491 493 505 1. bandhatattva kA varNana (bandha ke kAraNa) 2. bandha kA lakSaNa 3. bandha ke bheda 4. prakRti baMdha kA varNana-prakRti bandha ke mUla bheda 5. prakRti baMdha ke uttara bheda 6. jJAnAvaraNa ke pA~ca bheda 7. darzanAvaraNa karma ke 9 bheda 8. vedanIya ke do bheda / 9. mohanIya ke 28 bheda 10. Ayukarma ke bheda 11. nAmakarma ke bheda 12. gotrakarma ke bheda 13. antarAya karma ke bheda 14. sthiti bandha kA varNana 15. mohanIya karma kI utkRSTa sthiti 16. nAma aura gotra kI utkRSTa sthiti 17. Ayukarma kI utkRSTa sthiti 18. vedanIya karma kI jaghanya sthiti . 19. nAma aura gotra kI jaghanya sthiti 20. zeSa pA~ca karmoM kI jaghanya sthiti 21. anubhava bandha kA lakSaNa 22. phala de cukane ke bAda kyA hotA hai? 23. pradezabaMdha kA svarUpa A. anAdi dravya kA pramANa B. samaya prabaddha kA pramANa C. vedanIya karma kA adhika bhAga hone kA kAraNa 506 506 - 507 508 508 508 509 509 510 512 512 516 516 For Personal & Private Use Only

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516 518 D. anya karmoM kA dravya vibhAga sthiti ke anusAra 24. puNya prakRtiyA~ 25. pApa prakRtiyA~ adhyAya 9. 518 pR.saM. 520 523 525 528 529 532 539 .560 561 569 574 1. saMvara kA lakSaNa 2. saMvara ke kAraNa 3. nirjarA aura saMvara kA kAraNa 4. gupti kA lakSaNa va bheda 5. samiti ke bheda 6. dasa dharma 7. bAraha anuprekSAyeM 8. pariSaha sahana karane kA upadeza 9. bAIsa parISaha 10. kisa guNasthAna meM kitane pariSaha hote haiM? 11. eka sAtha hone vAle pariSahoM kI saMkhyA 12. pA~ca cAritra 13. nirjarA tatva kA varNana - bAhya tapa 14. Abhyantara tapa 15. prAyazcita ke nau bheda 16. vinaya tapa ke cAra bheda 17. vaiyyAvRtya tapa ke dasa (10) bheda 18. svAdhyAya tapa ke pA~ca (5) bheda 19. vyutsarga tapa ke do bheda 20. dhyAna tapa kA lakSaNa 21. dhyAna ke bheda 22. ArtadhyAna kA lakSaNa evaM bheda 23. guNasthAnoM kI apekSA ArtadhyAna ke svAmI 574 578 580 581 582 584 586 587 588 590 594 600 For Personal & Private Use Only

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602 609 611 . 612 24. raudradhyAna ke bheda va svAmI 25. dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa va bheda 26. zukladhyAna ke svAmI 27. zukladhyAna ke 4 bhedoM ke nAma 28. zukladhyAna ke Alambana 29. Adi ke do dhyAnoM kI vizeSatA 30. vitarka kA lakSaNa 31. vIcAra kA lakSaNa 32. nirgrantha sAdhuoM ke bheda 33. pulAkAdi muniyoM meM vizeSatA 34. pAtra kI apekSA nirjarA meM nyUnAdhikatA kA varNana ' adhyAya 10. 614 615 616 616 622 624 625 pR.saM. 1. mokSa tatva kA varNana 2. mokSa ke kAraNa aura lakSaNa 3. karmoM kA kSaya hone ke bAda 4. mukta jIva ke urdhvagamana ke kAraNa 5. ukta cAroM ke kAraNoM ke krama se cAra dRSTAnta 6. lokAgra ke Age nahIM jAne meM kAraNa 7. mukta jIvoM meM bheda hone ke kAraNa 632 643 646 647 649 650 vyavahAra meM, AcAra meM ahiMsA kA svarUpa- dayA-paripAlana, jIva rakSaNa, paradhana-sampatti kA anAdhikAra apaharaNa nahIM karanA, brahmacarya kA pAlana krnaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

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( maMgala smaraNa ) netAraM, vizvatattvAnAM, mokSamArgasya jJAtAraM bhettAraM vande karmabhUbhRtAm / tadguNalabdhaye // I bow to him who is the guide on the path to liberation, the destroyers of Mountains of Karmas and knower of the principles of the universe, so that I may attain these qualities belonging to him. jo mokSa mArga ke netA haiM, karmarUpI parvatoM ke bhedane vAle haiM, aura vizvatattva jJAtA haiM, unakI maiM unake samAna guNoM kI prApti ke lie sadA vaMdanA karatA huuN| mokSa zAstra (tattvArtha sUtra, svataMtratA ke sUtra ) ke Adi meM maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM mokSamArga ke netA (svataMtratA ke hitopadezaka) svataMtratA ke bhoktA (svAmI) evaM vizva ke samasta tattva ke jJAtA (sarvajJa) ko unakI guNoM kI upalabdhi ke lie namaskAra ( namana ) kiyA gayA hai| mahAn Adarza puruSoM ko namaskAra karanA guNagrAhI mahAn Adarza paraMparA hai / ise hI maMgalAcaraNa kahate haiN| maMgalAcaraNa kA artha - "malaM pApaM gAlayati vidhvaMsayatIti maMgalaM", athavA "maMgaM puNyaM sukhaM tallAti Adatte gRhNAti vA maMgalaM " / 'meM' arthAt mala yA pApa ko jo gAlayati arthAt galAMve so maMgala hai athavA 'maMga' jo puNya tathA sukha use jo lAti arthAt deve so maMgala hai | 1. maMgalAcaraNa svarUpa se mahAn AtmA kA guNagAna karanA, namana karanA, koI aMdha paraMparA nahIM, eka sabhya paramparA hai| kyoMki nAstikya parihArastu ziSTAcAra prapAlanam / puNyAvAptizca nirvighnaM zAstrAdau tena saMstuti // nAstikapane ke tyAga ke lie arthAt granthakartA Astikya hai yaha batAne ke lie, ziSTAcAra jo paramparA se calA AyA vinaya kA niyama usako pAlane For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke lie, puNya kI prApti ke lie tathA vighna ko dUra karane ke lie ina cAra bAtoM ko cAhate hue grantha ke Adi meM iSTa deva kI stuti kI jAtI hai| yahA~ prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki iSTa deva kauna haiM ? iSTa deva ve haiM. jo sampUrNa doSoM se rahita ho, svataMtratA ko prApta kara liyA ho tathA svataMtratA ke mArga kA upadezaka ho / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kahA haiM : * doSeNa Aptenocchinna sarvajJenAgamezinA / bhavitavyaM niyogena nAnyathA hyAptatA bhavet // (5) niyama se Apta ko doSa rahita, sarvajJa aura Agama kA svAmI honA cAhie | kyoMki anya prakAra se AptapanA nahIM ho sakatA / 1 sarva doSoM se rahita hone para evaM AdhyAtmika guNoM se sahita jIva Apta hai, bhale usakA nAma kucha bhI ho| guNagrAhI Adarza vyakti guNa cAhatA hai aura usa guNa kI pUjA karatA hai, na ki vyakti kI aura na hi mUrti kI / akalaMka deva ne kahA hai : yo vizvaM veda vedyaM janana jalanidherbhaGginaH pAradRzvA, paurvAparyAvirUddhaM vacanamanupamaM niSkalaMkaM yadIyam / taM vaMde sAdhuvaMdyaM sakala guNa nidhiM dhvastadoSadviSantaM, buddhaM vA varddhamAnaM zatadala nilayaM kezavaM vA zivaM vA // (9) (a. stotra) jo vizva ke sampUrNa jJAna ko jAna liyA arthAt vizva vidyA vizArada hai| jo janma-jarA-maraNa rUpI samudra ko naSTa kara liyA, pAra kara liyaa| jinake vacana pUrvApara virodha se rahita, sampUrNa doSoM se rahita, upamA rahita hai, sampUrNa guNoM kI khAna svarUpa samasta doSoM ko dhvasta kara liyA aura sAdhuoM se bhI vandanIya aisI AtmA ko vandanA hai, bhale aise guNa sahita buddha ho, mahAvIra ho, varddhamAna ho, brahmA ho, viSNu ho, yA ziva ho / haribhadra sUri ne lokatattva nirNaya meM kahA hai For Personal & Private Use Only

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pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSa kpilaadissu| yuktimadvacanaM yasya, tasya kArya: prigrhH|| merA vIra jinendra meM pakSapAta nahIM hai, evaM kapilAdi meM dveSa nahIM hai, kintu jisakA vacana yukti yukta, tarka saMgata, paraspara avirodha, iha loka aura paraloka kA hitakArI hai, unhIM kA vacana grahaNa karane yogya hai, anya kA nhiiN| prazna hotA hai ki aise mahAn puruSoM kI vandanA kyoM karanI cAhie? isakA uttara yaha hai ki unake guNoM kI upalabdhi ke lie, unake guNa smaraNa ke lie, kRtajJatA jJApana karane ke lie| kahA bhI hai:abhimataphalasiddherabhyupAyaH subodhaH, sa ca bhavati suzAstrAt tasya cotpttiraaptaat| iti bhavati sa pUjyastatprAsAdAtbuddhaiH, na hi kRtamupakAraM sAdhavo vismrnti|| iSTaphala kI siddhi kA upAya samyakjJAna hai| so samyagjJAna yathArtha Agama se hotA hai| usa Agama kI utpatti Apta (deva) se hai isalie vaha Apta (deva) pUjyanIya hai jisake prasAda se tIvra buddhi hotI hai| nizcaya se sAdhu loga apane Upara kiye gaye upakAra ko nahIM bhUlate haiN| - zreyomArgasya saMsiddhiH prsaadaatprmesstthinH| .. ityAhustadguNastotraM zAstrAdau muni puNgvaaH|| .. mokSamArga kI siddhi parameSThI bhagavAna ke prasAda se hotI hai, isaliye muniyoM meM mukhya, zAstra ke Adi meM unake guNoM kI stuti karate haiN| ..... stuti karane kA manovaijJAnika evaM AdhyAtmika kAraNa pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai : ajJAnopAstirajJAna jJAnaM jJAnisamAzrayaH / dadAti yastu yasyAsti suprasiddhamidaM vcH||(23) ___ iSTopadezaH apane AtmA se bhinna arahanta, siddha, paramAtmA kI upAsanA, ArAdhanA For Personal & Private Use Only

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karake AtmA unake samAna paramAtmA bana jAtI hai| jaise- dIpaka se bhinna battI dIpaka kI upAsanA karake yAnI sAtha-sAtha rahakara dIpaka ke samAna prakAzamAna bana jAtI hai| yena bhAvena tadrupaM dhyAyetamAtmAnamAtmavit / tena tanmayatA yAti sopadhiH sphaTiko yathA // jisa bhAva se jisa prakAra yaha AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai usa svarUpa ho jAtA hai| jaise - sphaTika maNi vibhinna raMgoM ke samparka se usa varNa rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| pariNamate yenAtmA bhAvena sa tena tanmayo bhavati / arhatdhyAnaviSTo bhavArhan syAt svayaM tasmAt // yaha AtmA jisa bhAva se pariNamana karatA hai vaha usa svarUpa ho jAtA hai / arhat ke dhyAna sahita dhyAtA svayaM arhat rUpa ho jAtA hai| kundakunda deva ne pravacanasAra meM bhI prakArAntara se isa siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| yathA : jo jANadi arahaMtaM davvattaguNattapajjayattehiM / so jANadi appANaM moho khalu jAdi tassa layaM // ( 80 ) at arahanta bhagavAn ke dravyapane, guNapane tathA paryAya pane ko jAnatA hai vaha puruSa arhanta ke jJAna ke pIche apane AtmA ko jAnatA hai| usa AtmajJAna pratApa se usa puruSa kA darzanamoha kA nizcaya se kSaya ho jAtA hai| savve vi ya arahaMtA teNa vidhANeNa khavidakammaMsA / kiccA tadhovadesaM NivvAdA te Namo tesiM 11 ( 82 ) saba hI arahanta usI vidhi se karmAMzoM kA kSaya karake aura usI prakAra upadeza ko karake ve nirvANa ko prApta hue unake lie namaskAra ho / isa mokSazAstra ke maMgalAcaraNa meM hI mokSamArga ke upAya mokSamArga ke upadezaka aura mokSamArga ke guNa, mumukSu ke kartavya, mokSa kA svarUpa Adi kA saMkSipta sAra garbhita varNana kiyA gayA hai| sampUrNa dravyakarma, bhAvakarma, no For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma ko naSTa karake vItarAgI, sarvajJa, kRtkRtya bananA hI mokSa hai, aura usake upAya hI.mokSamArga hai| jo mokSamArga ke lie evaM mokSa ke lie virodha-kAraNa svarUpa ghAtI karma haiM unako naSTa karane vAlA evaM jIvoM ke hita kA upadeza dene vAlA hI mokSa mArga kA netA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya evaM antarAya ko nAza karake jaba jIva anantadarzana, anantajJAna, ananta vIrya aura ananta sukha ko prApta karake jo vItarAgI aura hitopadezI banatA hai vaha hI yathArtha se mokSamArga kA netA hai| tIrthaMkara prakRti sahita aise jIva ko tIrthaMkara kevalI kahate haiN| unake samavazaraNa kI racanA hotI hai ve samavazaraNa meM virAjamAna hokara deva-dAnava, mAnava pazu pakSiyoM ke lie bhI mokSamArga kA upadeza dete haiN| ise hI divya dhvani kahate hai| yaha 18 mahAbhASA tathA 700 kSudrabhASA sahita hotI hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna sampUrNa aMga-upAMga se 718 bhASAoM meM yA vizva kI sampUrNa bhASA yahA~ taka ki pazu-pakSiyoM kI bhASA meM bhI upadeza dete hai| sAmAnya kevalI ke samavazaraNa kI racanA nahIM hotI hai parantu gaMdhakuTI kI racanA hotI hai aura gaMdhakuTI meM rahakara pUrvokta vidhi se dharmopadeza dete hai| divyadhvani ke bAre meM kahA bhI hai: yatsarvAtmahitaM na varNasahitaM na spanditoSThadvayaM, no vAMchA kalitaM na doSamalinaM nocchvaasruuddhkrm| . zAntAmarSaviSai! samaM pazugaNairAkarNitaM karNibhiH, tannaH sarvavido vinaSTa vipadaH pAyAdapUrva vcH|| . sarva ApattiyoM se rahita zrI sarvajJa bhagavAna kA vaha apUrva vacana hamArI rakSA kare jo sarva AtmAoM kA hitakArI hai, akSara rUpa nahIM hai, donoM oThoM 'ke halana calana binA pragaTa hotA hai, icchA rahita hotA hai, doSoM se malina nahIM hai, na usameM zvAsocchavAsa ke rUkane kA krama hai, jisako krodha rUpI viSa ko zAnta kie hue pazugaNa bhI apane kAnoM se suna sakate haiN| __ isa maMgalAcaraNa sUtra se yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki mumukSu (mokSa cAhane vAloM) ko guNagrAhI hokara guNiyoM kA Adara satkAra, vinaya karanA caahie| kyoMki isase svayaM ke andara vidyamAna svaguNa dhIre-dhIre pragaTa hote haiM aura eka samaya vaha AtA hai ki vaha bhI use prApta kara letA hai| tulasIdAsa ne 42 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kahA bhI hai: - "laghutA se prabhutA mile, prabhutA se prabhu duur|" manovijJAna siddhAnta yaha hai ki jo vyakti jisa vastu ko cAhatA hai usakA usa vastu ke prati AkarSaNa hotA hai| isI prakAra jo mokSa cAhatA hai usakA AkarSaNa mokSamArga va mokSa jIva ke prati hotA hai| isase use preraNA Adarza milatA hai jisase vaha dhIre-dhIre mokSamArga para calatA huA mokSa prApta karatA hai| adhyAya - 1 mokSa mArga kA svarUpa samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH (1) samyak darzana Right darsana (belief) samyak jJAna Right Jnana (Knowledge) samyak cAritra Right charitra (Conduct) mokSa mArgaH the path to liberation. Right belief, right knowledge, right conduct these together constitute the path to liberation. samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyagcAritra ye tInoM milakara mokSa kA mArga hai| nItikAroM ne kahA hai "parAdhIna svapanahu~ sukha nahIM" arthAt parAdhInatA meM sarvadA, sarvathA sukha kA abhAva hai| kyoMki jIva kA zuddha svasvarUpa pUrNa svataMtratAmaya sukhasvarUpa hai| isalie pratyeka jIva sukha cAhatA hai evaM duHkha se ghabarAtA hai| ataeva pratyeka jIva sukha kI prApti ke lie puruSArtha karatA hai| parantu sukha ke upAya svarUpa samyakzraddhA, samyak parijJAna evaM samyak AcaraNa ke binA sukha prApta nahIM kara pAtA hai| isalie samantabhadra AcArya ne sukha prApti ke upAya ke lie samIcIna dharma batalAte hue kahA hai: For Personal & Private Use Only

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dezayAmi samIcInaM, dharma krm-nibrhnnm| saMsAradukhataH satvAn yo dhrtyuttmesukhe||(2) (ra.zrA.) __maiM (samantabhadrAcArya) karmoM ke nAzaka, abAdhita aura upakArI usa dharma kA kathana karUMgA jo prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke zArIrika aura mAnasika Adi duHkhoM se nikAla kara svarga aura mokSa Adi ke sukhoM ko prApta karAtA hai| sadRSTijJAnavRttAni, dharmadharmezvarA viduH| yadIya-pratyanI-kAni, bhvntibhvpdhdtiH||(3) jo prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se nikAlakara svarga Adi ke uttama sukhoM ko prApta karAtA hai use dharma batalAyA hai| isIliye prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se chur3Akara svarga Adi ke sukhoM ko prApta karAne ke kAraNa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra dharma haiM tathA mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra adharma haiM kyoMki ye prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM meM hI pha~sAte haiN| ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra) ko dharma yA mokSamArga isalie kahate haiM ki inase jIva bandhana meM nahIM par3atA varan bandhana se mukta hotA hai| jaisA ki amRtacandra sUri ne kahA hai darzanamAtmavinizcitirAtmaparijJAnamiSyate bodhH| .... sthitirAtmani caritraM kuta etebhyo bhavati baMdhaH // (216) ___ (pu.u.) samyagdarzana AtmA kI pratIti ko kahA jAtA hai| AtmA kA samyaka prakAra jJAna karanA bodha-samyagjJAna kahalAtA hai| AtmA meM sthira honA arthAt lavalIna honA samyak cAritra kahA jAtA hai| inase bandha kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM ho sktaa| - AcArya pravara kunda-kundadeva ne mokSa mArga kA saMkSipta sAragarbhita varNana karate hue kahA hai For Personal & Private Use Only

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sammattaNANaM juttaM cArittaM raagdosprihiinnN| mokkhassa havadi maggo bhavvANaM ladhda budhdiinnN||(106) (paM.a.) samyaktva aura jJAna se hI yukta,- na ki asamyaktva aura ajJAna se yukta, cAritra hI-na ki acAritra, rAgadveSa rahita hI-na ki rAgadveSa sahita, bhAva se mokSa kA hI-na baMdha kA, mArga hI-na ki amArga, bhavyoM ko hI-na ki abhavyoM ko labdhabuddhiyoM ko, (jJAniyoM ko) hI-na ki alabdhabuddhiyoM ko, kSINakaSAyapane meM hI hote hai na ki kaSAyasahitapane meN| isa prakAra ATha prakAra se niyama yahA~ dekhanA (smjhnaa)| "ratnatraya kI paribhASA" zraddhAnaM darzanaM samyagjJAnaM syaadvbodhnm| upekSaNaM tu cAritraM tattvArthAnAM sunizcitam // (4) . (ta.sA. adhyaay|) tattva-apane-apane yathArtha svarUpa se sahita jIva, ajIva Adi padArthoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana, unakA jJAna honA samyagjJAna aura rAgAdi bhAvoM kI nivRtti rUpa upekSA honA samyak cAritra sunizcita hai| kunda-kundadevane ratnatraya kI paribhASA karate hue uparokta siddhAnta ko hI prakArAntara se spaSTIkaraNa rUpa se varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai sammattaM sahahaNaM bhAvANaM tesimadhigamo nnaannN| cArittaM samabhAvo visayesu viruuddhmggaannN||(107) paM.a. bhAvoM kA zraddhAna samyaktva hai, unakA avabodha jJAna hai, mArga para ArUr3ha hokara viSayoM ke prati avartatA huA samabhAva cAritra hai|| dhammAdIsadahaNaM sammataM nnaannmNgpuvvgdN| ceTThA tavamhi cariyA vavahAro mokkhamaggoti // (160) dharmAstikAya Adi kA zraddhAna so samyaktva, aMgapUrva sambandhI jJAna For Personal & Private Use Only

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so jJAna aura tapa meM ceSTA so cAritra isa prakAra vyavahAra mokSamArga hai| Atama ko hita hai sukha, so sukha AkulatA binkhiye| AkulatA zivamAhiM na tAteM, zivamaga lAgyo chiye| samyagdarzana-jJAna caraNa ziva maga so dvividha vicaaro| jo satyAratha rUpa so nizcaya kAraNa so vvhaaro|| (chahaDhAlA) samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam 1 (2) Belief on conviction in things ascertained as they are, (is) right belief. tattva :- vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa sahita artha- jIvAdi padArthoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai| prathama sUtra meM mokSamArga kA saMkSipta varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ratnatraya hI mokSamArga hai| abhI isa sUtra meM samyagdarzana kI paribhASA kI gaI hai| vizva meM jo padArtha jisa rUpa meM avasthita hai usakA usa rUpa honA tattva hai| tattva kA jo artha hai usako tattvArtha kahate haiN| usa tattvArtha kA zraddhAna (pratIti, vizvAsa, rUci) hI samyak darzana hai| jaina darzana kI kuMjI svarUpa dravya saMgraha meM kahA bhI gayA hai: jIvAdisaddahaNaM sammattaM rUvamappaNo taM tu| - durabhiNivesavimukkaM NANaM sammaM khu hodi sadi jamhi // (41) (dra.saM.) :- jIva Adi padArthoM kA jo zraddhAna karanA hai vaha samyaktva hai aura vaha samyaktva AtmA kA svarUpa hai| aura isa samyaktva ke hone para saMzaya, viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya ina tInoM durabhinivezoM se rahita hokara jJAna samyagjJAna kahalAtA uparokta samyagdarzana kI paribhASA adhikata: dravyAnuyoganiSTha hai| samantabhadra 47 For Personal & Private Use Only -

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svAmI ne caraNAnuyoga kI mukhyatA karake ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM samyagdarzana kI paribhASA nimna prakAra kI haizraddhAnaM prmaarthnaa-maaptaagmtpobhRtaam| trimUDhApor3ha-maSTAMgaM smygdrshn-msmym||(4) . (zrA.A.) sacce deva, sacce zAstra aura sacce gurU kA tIna mUr3hatA rahita, ATha aMga sahita, ATha mada rahita jaisA kA taisA zraddhAna samyagdarzana kahalAtA hai| . jIva ajIva tattva arU Asava, bandharU saMvara jaano| nirjara mokSa kahe jina tinako, jyoM kA tyoM srdhaano|| hai soI samakita vavahArI aba ina rUpa bkhaano| tinako suna sAmAnya vizeSai dRDha pratIta ura aano||(3) (cha.DhA.) samyagdarzana ke utpatti kI apekSA bheda tnnisrgaaddhigmaadvaa| (3) This (right belief is attained) by:- . (1) farefst :- Intuition, independently of the precept for others; or (2) adhigamaja :- Intuition, acquisition of knowledge from external sourses. e.g. by precept of others or reading the scriptures. vaha samyagdarzana (nirsagAt) svabhAva se (adhigamAt) para upadezAdi se utpanna hotA hai| jo jIva pahale gurU upadeza Adi nimitta ko prApta karake samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi kara letA hai punaH kucha nimitta ko prApta karake mithyAdRSTi bana jAtA hai, aisA jIva paropadeza binA yA svalpa paropadeza prApta karake jisa samyagdarzana ko prApta karatA hai usa samyagdarzana ko nisargaja samyagdarzana kahate haiN| jo samyagdarzana paropadeza se utpanna hotA hai usa samyagdarzana ko adhigamaja samyagdarzana kahate haiN| 48 For Personal & Private Use Only

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guNabhadra svAmI ne samyagdarzana ke vibhinna bheda-prabheda kA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai 'zraddhAnaM dvividhaM tridhA dazavidhaM mauDhyAdyapor3ha sadA, saMvegAdivivardhitaM bhavaharaM tryjnyaanshuddhiprdm| nizcinvan nava saptatattvamacalaprAsAdamArohatAM, sopAnaM prathamaM vineyaviduSAmAdyeyamArAdhanA // (10) . (AtmAnuzAsanam) tatvArthazraddhAnakA nAma samyagdarzana hai| vaha nisargaja aura adhigamaja ke bheda se do prakAra kA ; aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika ke bheda se tIna prakArakA ; tathA Age kahe jAne vAle AjJAsamyaktva Adi ke bheda se dasa prakAra kA bhI hai| mUr3hatA Adi (3 mUr3hatA, 8 mada, 6 anAyatana aura 8 zaMkA-kAMkSA Adi) doSoM se rahita hokara saMvega Adi guNoM se vRddhi ko prApta huA vaha zraddhAna (samyagdarzana) nirantara saMsAra kA nAzaka, kumati, kuzruta evaM vibhaMga ina tIna mithyAjJAnoM kI zuddhi (samIcInatA) kA kAraNa ; tathA jIvAjIvAdi sAta athavA inake sAtha puNya aura pApa ko lekara nau tatvoM kA nizcaya karAnevAlA hai| vaha samyagdarzana sthira mokSarUpa bhavana ke Upara car3hane vAle buddhimAn ziSyoM ke lie prathama sIr3hI ke samAna hai| isIliye ise cAra ArAdhanAoM meM prathama ArAdhanAsvarUpa kahA jAtA hai| aajnyaamaargsmudbhvmupdeshaatsuutrbiijsNkssepaat| vistArArthAbhyAM bhavamavagADhaparamavagADhaM c|(11) - vaha samyagdarzana AjJAsamudbhava, mArgasamudbhava, upadezasamudbhava, sUtrasamudbhava, bIjasamudbhava, saMkSepasamudbhava, vistArasamudbhava, arthasamudbhava, avagADha aura paragAvagADha ; isa prakAra se dasa prakAra kA hai| ... AjJAsamyaktvamuktaM yadutavirUcitaM vItarAgAjJayaiva, tyaktagranthaprapaJcaM zivamamRtapathaM shrddhnmohshaanteH| mArgazraddhAnamAhuH purUSavarapurANopadezopajAtA, yA sajJAnAgamAbdhi prasRtibhirUpadezAdisadezi dRssttiH| (12) 49 For Personal & Private Use Only

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darzana moha ke upazAnta hone se granthazravaNa ke binA kevala vItarAga bhagavAn kI AjJA se hI jo tattvazraddhAna utpanna hotA hai use AjJAsamyaktva kahA gayA hai | darzanamoha kA upazama hone se granthazravaNa ke binA jo kalyANakArI mokSamArga kA zraddhAna hotA hai use mArgasamyagdarzana kahate haiM / tresaTha zalAkApurUSoM ke purANa (vRtAnta) ke upadeza se jo samyagdarzana (tattvazraddhAna) utpanna hotA hai use samyagjJAna Satarpanna karanevAle AgamarUpa samudra meM pravINa gaNadhara devAdi ne upadezasamyagdarzana kahA hai| sUcanaMzraddadhAnaH, bIjaiH / padArthAn, saMkSepeNaiva buddhvA rUcimupagatavAn sAdhu saMkSepadRSTi / (13) AkarNyAcArasUtraM municaraNavidheH sUktAsI sUtradRSTirduradhigamagaterarthasArthasya kazcijjAtopalabdherasamazamavazAbdIjadRSTiH muni ke caritra (sakalacaritra) ke anuSThAna ko sUcita karanevAle AcArasUtra ko sunakara jo tattvazraddhAna hotA hai use uttama sUtrasamyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| jina jIvAdi padArthoM ke samUha kA athavA gaNitAdi viSayoM kA jJAna durlabha hai unakA kinhIM bIjapadoM ke dvArA jJAna prApta karanevAle bhavya jIva ke jo darzanamohanIya ke asAdhAraNa upazama vaza tattvazraddhAna hotA hai use bIjasamyagdarzana kahate haiN| jo bhavya jIva padArthoM ke svarUpa ko saMkSepa se hI jAna karake tattvazraddhAna (samyagdarzana) ko prApta huA hai usake usa samyagdarzana ko saMkSepasamyagdarzana kahA jAtA hai| yaH zrutvA dvAdazAGgIM kRtarUciratha taM viddhi vistAra dRSTi, sNjaataarthaatkutshcitprvcnvcnaanyntrennaarthdRssttiH| dRSTiH sAGgAbAhyapravacanamavagAhyeotthitA yAvagADhA, kaivalyAlokitArthe rUciriha paramavagADheti rUDhA / / (14) jo bhavya jIva bAraha aMgoM ko sunakara tattvazraddhAnI ho jAtA hai use vistAra samyagdarzana se yukta jAno arthAt dvAdazaaMga ke sunane se jo tattvazraddhAna hotA hai, use vistArasamyagdarzana kahate haiM / aMgabAhya AgamoM ke par3hane ke binA bhI unameM pratipAdita kisI padArtha ke nimitta se jo arthazraddhAna hotA hai vaha arthasamyagdarzana kahalAtA hai| aMgoM ke sAtha aMgabAhyazruta kA avagAhana karake jo samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai use avagADhasamyagdarzana kahate haiM / kevalajJAna 50 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke dvArA dekhe gaye padArthoM ke viSaya meM rUci hotI vaha yahA~ paramAvagAr3hasamyagdarzana isa nAma se prasiddha hai| tattvoM ke nAma jIvAjIvAmRvabandhasaMvanirjarA mokssaastttvm| (4) The (tattva) Principles (are) jIva soul ajIva non soul Amrava inflow (of Karmic matter into the soul) ofre bondage (of soul by Karmic Matter], saMvara stopgae [of inflow of Karmic matter into the soul), nirjarA shedding (of Karmic Matter by the soul] (and) ATAT Liberation (of soul from Matter]. - jIva, ajIva, Amrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ye sAta tattva hai| vizva sat svarUpa hai| usa sat ke do bheda haiN| (1) jIva (2) ajiiv|' ajIva ke pA~ca bheda haiM (1) pudgala (2) dharma (3) adharma (4) AkAza (5) kaal| yahA~ para mokSa mArga kA varNana hone ke kAraNa (1) jIva evaM (2) ajIva (pudgala, arthAt kArmANa vargaNA) tathA inakI vibhinna avasthAoM kA varNana isa sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai| jaise-jIva evaM ajIva (pudgala) do maulika dravya hai| jIva meM pudgala kA praveza honA Asrava hai| tathA isa Amrava se Agata pudgala kA eka kSetrAMvagAhI hokara mila jAnA baMdha hai| Ate hue (Amrava) karma paramANuoM kA rUka jAnA saMvara hai| jIva ke sAtha baMdhe hue karmoM kA AMzika rUpa se. jIva se pRthak (alaga) ho jAnA nirjarA hai| samasta karmoM kA jIva se pUrNa rUpa se pRthak ho jAnA mokSa hai| ___uparokta sAta tattva meM (1) puNya (2) pApa milA dene se nava padArtha ho jAte haiN| gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM kahA hai Nava ya padatthA jIvAjIvA tANaM ca punnnnpaavdurg| AsavasaMvaraNijjarabaMdhA mokkho ya hoMti ti||(621) (go.jI) mUla meM jIva aura ajIva ye do padArtha haiM, donoM hI ke puNya aura pApa 51 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ye do-2 bheda haiN| isaliye cAra padArtha hue| tathA jIva aura ajIva ke hI Amrava saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha, mokSa ye pAMca bheda bhI hote haiN| isalie saba milAkara nava padArtha ho jAte haiN| uparokta sapta tattva meM se sukhArthI samyakdRSTi mumukSujIvoM ke liye kauna sA tattva heya, upAdeya, grahaNIya tyajanIya hai isakA kathana karate hue amRtacaMdra sUri ne kahA hai upAdeyatathA jIvo'jIvo heytyoditH| heyasyAsminnupAdAnahetuttvenAsavaH smRtaH // (7) . . . , (tatvArtha sAra) heyasyAdAnarUpeNa bandhaH sa parikIrtita ; saMvaro nirjarA heyhaanhetutyoditau| heyaprahANarUpeNa mokSo jIvasya drshitH||(8) ina sAta tattvoM meM jIvatattva upAdeyarUpa se aura ajIvatattva heya rUpa se kahA gayA hai arthAt jIvatattva grahaNa karane yogya aura ajIva tattva chor3ane yogya batalAyA gayA hai| chor3ane yogya ajIvatattva ke grahaNa rUpa hone se bandha tattva kA nirdeza huA hai| saMvara aura nirjarA ye do tattva, ajIvatattva ke chor3ane meM kAraNa hone se kahe gaye haiM aura chor3ane yogya ajIvatattva ke chor3a dene se jIva kI jo avasthA hotI hai use batalAne ke liye mokSa tattva dikhAyA gayA hai| bhAvArtha- jIva aura ajIva ye do mUla tattva haiN| inameM jIva upAdeya hai aura ajIva chor3ane yogya hai, isaliye ina donoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| jIva ajIva kA grahaNa kyoM karatA hai? isakA grahaNa karane se jIva kI kyA avasthA hotI hai, vaha batalAne ke liye bandha tattva kA nirdeza haiN| jIva ajIva kA sambandha kaise chor3a sakatA hai, yaha samajhAne ke liye saMvara aura nirjarA kA kathana hai tathA ajIva kA sambandha chUTa jAne para jIva kI kyA avasthA hotI hai, yaha batAne ke liye mokSa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAta tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva ye do mUla tattva haiM aura zeSa pAMca tattva una do tattvoM ke saMyoga tathA viyoga se hone vAlI avasthA vizeSa hai| 52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAta tattva tathA samyagdarzana Adi ke vyavahAra ke kAraNa naamsthaapnaadrvybhaavtstnnyaasH| (5) By name repres representation, privation, present, condition, their RTH aspects (are known.) nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva rUpa se unakA arthAt samyagdarzana Adi aura jIva Adi kA nyAsa arthAt nikSepa hotA hai| isa sUtra meM vastu svarUpa ko vibhinna dRSTikoNa se parijJAna/zodha-bodha karane kI praNAlI kA varNana hai| pratyeka vastu meM vibhinna guNa-dharma hone ke kAraNa usako jAnane kI praNAlI bhI vibhinna honA svAbhAvika hai| jaba taka hama vibhinna guNa-dharma ko bhinna-2 dRSTikoNa se nahIM dekheMge taba taka hamako usa vastu-svarUpa kA pUrNa jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie yativRSabha 'AcArya ne yathArtha se kahA bhI hai jo Na pamANa-NayehiM NikkheveNaM Nirakkhade atthN| tassAjuttaM juttaM juttamajuttaM ca pddihaadi||(82) (ti.pa.,prathama khaNDa) ___ jo naya aura pramANa tathA nikSepa se artha kA nirIkSaNa nahIM karatA hai, usako ayukta padArtha yukta aura yukta padArtha ayukta hI pratIta hotA hai| . nAma nikSepa kA lakSaNa . yA nimittAntaraM kiJcidanapekSya vidhiiyte| . dravyasya kasyacitsaMjJA tannAma parikIrtitam // (10) . (ta.sA.,pR.4) jAti, guNa, kriyA Adi kisI anya nimitta kI apekSA na karake kisI dravya kI jo saMjJA rakhI jAtI hai vaha 'nAma nikSepa' kahA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthApanA nikSepa kA lakSaNa . so'yamityakSakASThAdeH smbndhenaanyvstuni| yadvayavasthApanAmAtraM sthApanA saabhidhiiyte||(11) pAMsA tathA kASTha Adi ke sambandha se 'yaha vaha hai' isa prakAra anya vastu meM jo kisI anya vastu kI vyavasthA kI jAtI hai vaha 'sthApanA nikSepa' kahalAtA hai| kisI meM kisI anya kI kalpanA karane ko sthApanA kahate haiN| isake . do bheda hai- tadAkAra sthApanA aura (2) atadAkAra sthaapnaa| jaisA AkAra hai usameM usI AkAra vAle kI kalpanA karanA tadAkAra sthApanA hai, jaisepArzvanAtha kI pratimA meM pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI sthApanA karanA aura bhinna AkAra vAle meM bhinna AkAra vAle kI kalpanA karanA atadAkAra sthApanA hai, jaisezataraMja kI goToM meM bajIra, bAdazAha Adi kI kalpanA krnaa| . dravya nikSepa kA lakSaNa bhAvinaH pariNAmasya yatprAptiM prati ksycit| syAdgRhItAbhimukhyaM hi tad dravyaM bruvate jinAH // (12) kisI dravya ko, Age hone vAlI paryAya kI apekSA vartamAna meM grahaNa karanA dravyanikSepa hai, aisA jinendradeva kahate haiN| dravya kI jo paryAya pahale ho cukI haiM athavA Age hone vAlI hai usakI apekSA dravya kA grahaNa karanA arthAt use bhUtaparyAya rUpa athavA bhaviSyat paryAyarUpa vartamAna meM grahaNa karanA so dravya nikSepa hai| bhAvanikSepa kA lakSaNa vartamAnena yatnena pryaayennoplkssitm| . dravyaM bhavati bhAvaM taM vadanti jinapuGgavAH / / (13) vartamAna paryAya se upalakSita dravya ko jinendra bhagavAna bhAva nikSepa kahate haiN| jo padArtha vartamAna meM jisa paryAya rUpa haiM, use usI prakAra kahanA bhAva nikSepa haiN| 54 For Personal & Private Use Only

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samyagdarzana Adi tathA tattvoM ke jAnane ke upAya prmaannnyairdhigmH| (6) adhigama Adhigama is knowledge that is derived form tuition external sources, e.g. precept and scriptures. It is attained by (means of)-94101 evaM naya pramANa Authority by means of which we test direct or indirect right knowledge of the self and the non self in all their aspects. TT a stand - point which gives partial knowledge of a thing in some particular aspect of it. pramANa aura nayoM se padArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai| ratnatraya, jIvAdi dravya, sapta tattva, nava padArtha Adi kA jJAna pramANa aura nayoM se hotA hai| - padArtha kA sampUrNa parijJAna jisase hotA hai use pramANa kahate haiN| jisase padArtha kA AMzika jJAna prApta hotA hai use naya kahate haiN| naya evaM pramANa kA varNana tattvArtha sAra meM nimna prakAra kiyA gayA hai: tattvArthAH sarva evaite smygbodhprsiddhye| pramANena pramIyante nIyante ca nyaistthaa| (14 tattvArthasAra pR.5) ye sabhI tattvArtha samyagjJAna kI prasiddhi ke lie pramANa ke dvArA pramita hote haiM aura nayoM ke dvArA nIta hote haiM arthAt pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA jAne jAte haiN| pramANa kA lakSaNa aura usake bheda samyagjJAnAtmakaM tatra prmaannmupvrnnitm| tatparokSaM bhavatyekaM pratyakSamaparaM / punH||(15) .. una pramANa aura nayoM meM se pramANa ko samyagjJAna rUpa kahA hai arthAt samIcInajJAna ko 'pramANa' kahate haiN| usake do bheda hai - eka parokSa pramANa For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura dUsarA pratyakSa prmaann| 'pramIyate'neneti pramANam' - jisake dvArA jAnA jAve use 'pramANa' kahate haiM; isa vyutpatti ko AdhAra mAnakara kitane hI darzanakAra indriyoM ke tathA padArthoM ke sAtha hone vAle unake sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnate parantu jainadarzana meM jAnane kA mUla sAdhana hone ke kAraNa jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai| isake abhAva meM indriyA~ aura sannikarSa apanA kArya karane meM asamartha rahate haiN| haiM parokSa pramANa kA lakSaNa samupAttAnupAttasya prAdhAnyena parasya yat / padArthAnAM parijJAnaM gRhIta athavA agRhIta para kI pradhAnatA se jo padArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai use parokSa pramANa kahA gayA hai| jo jJAna para kI pradhAnatA se hotA hai use 'parokSa pramANa' kahate hai / para ke do bheda hai ( 1 ) samupAtta aura (2) anupAtta / jo prakRti se hI gRhIta hai use samupAtta kahate hai, jaise- sparzanAdi indriyA~ tathA jo prakRti se gRhIta na hokara pRthak rahatA hai use anupAtta kahate haiM, - jaiseprakAza aadi| isa taraha indriyAdika gRhIta kAraNoM se aura prakAza Adi agRhIta kAraNoM se jo jJAna hotA hai 'vaha parokSa' pramANa kahalAtA hai| pratyakSa pramANa kA lakSaNa indriyAnindriyApekSAmuktamavyabhicAri tatparokSamudAhRtam / / (16) c| sAkAragrahaNaM yatsyAttatpratyakSaM pracakSyate / (17) indriyA~ aura mana kI apekSA se mukta tathA doSoM se rahita padArtha kA jo savikalpajJAna hotA hai use pratyakSapramANa kahate haiN| 56 sAkAra aura anAkAra ke bheda se padArtha kA grahaNa do prakAra kA hotA hai jisameM ghaTapaTAdikA AkAra pratiphalita hotA hai use sAkAragrahaNa kahate haiM aura jisameM kisI vastu vizeSa kA AkAra pratiphalita na hokara sAmAnyagrahaNa hotA hai use anAkAragrahaNa kahate haiN| sAkAra grahaNa ko jJAna aura anAkAra grahaNa ko darzana kahate haiN| jisa jJAna meM indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA Avazyaka For Personal & Private Use Only

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nahIM hotI, jo vizadarUpa hone ke kAraNa doSarahita hotA hai tathA jisameM padArthoM ke AkAra vizeSarUpa se pratibhASita hote haiM, use pratyakSa pramANa kahate haiN| nirdeshsvaamitvsaadhnaadhikrnnsthitividhaantH| (7) Adhigama is attaind by (considering a principle, or any substance with reference to its nirdeza (Description, Definition), svAmitva (Possession, Inherence, sAdhana (Cause), adhikaraNa (Place), sthiti (Duration) and vidhAna (Division). nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAna se samyagdarzana Adi viSayoM kA jJAna hotA hai| __ vastu svarUpa kA anveSaNa, gaveSaNa, zodha evaM bodha karane ke lie isa sUtra meM vaijJAnika vibhinna praNAliyoM kA nirdezana kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM vastu svarUpa ko jAnane ke lie jisa praNAlI kA nirdezana kiyA gayA hai isI praNAlI kA prayoga jaina dharma ke jJAna koSa svarUpa SaTkhaNDaAgama evaM kaSAya pAhur3a meM prAyogika rUpa meM vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ para isakA saMkSipta varNana kara rahe haiM . (1) nirdeza :- vastu ke svarUpa kA kathana karanA nirdeza hai| jaise- "tattvoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai" aisA kathana karanA nirdeza hai| (2) svAmitva :- 'svAmitva' kA artha Adhipatya hai| vastu ke adhikAra ko svAmitva kahate haiN| jaise- sAmAnya rUpa se samyagdarzana ke svAmI saMjJI paMcendriya bhavya jIva hai| . .. (3) sAdhana :- vastu kI utpatti ke kAraNa ko 'sAdhana' kahate haiN| sAdhana do prakAra kA hai| (1) bAhya (2) antrNg| bAhya sAdhana nimna prakAra hai-nArakiyoM ke cauthe naraka se pahale taka arthAta tIsare naraka taka kinhIM ke jAtismaraNa, kinhIM ke dharmazravaNa aura kinhIM ke vedanAbhibhava se samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai| cauthe se lekara sAtaveM taka kinhIM ke jAtismaraNa, kinhIM ke vedanAbhibhava se samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai| 57 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(4) adhikaraNa :- vastu ke AdhAra yA adhiSThAna ko adhikaraNa kahate haiN| adhikaraNa do prakAra kA hai - (1) Abhyantara aura (2) baahy| (1) Abhyantara adhikaraNa :- jisa samyagdarzana kA jo svAmI hai vahI . usakA Abhyantara adhikaraNa hai| (2) bAhya adhikaraNa :- eka rAjUcaur3I aura caudaha rAjUlambI lokanAr3I (5) sthiti :- vastu ke astitva kAla ko sthiti kahate haiN| jaiseaupazamika samyagdarzana kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti eka antarmuhUrta hai| kSAyika samyagdarzana kI jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta hai aura utkRSTa sthiti ATha varSa aura antarmuharta do pUrvakoTi adhika teMtIsa sAgara hai| mukta jIva kI sAdi-ananta hai| kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana kI jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta hai aura utkRSTa sthiti chayAsaTha sAgara hai| (6) vidhAna :-vastu ke bheda yA prakAra ko vidhAna kahate haiN| (sarvAthasiddhi pR.20 perA 31) bheda kI apekSA samyagdarzana sAmAnya se eka hai| nisargaja aura adhigamaja ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| zabdoM kI apekSA saMkhyAta prakAra kA hai tathA zraddhAna karane vAloM kI apekSA asaMkhyAta prakAra kA aura zraddhAna karane yogya padArtho kI apekSA ananta prakAra kA hai| isI prakAra yaha nirdeza Adi vidhijJAna aura cAritra meM tathA jIva aura ajIva Adi padArtho meM Agama ke anusAra lagA lenA caahie| satsaMkhyAkSetrasparzanakAlAntarabhAvAlpabahutvaizca / (8) (The eight priniciples are known) also by(1) sat Existence (2) HUCUT Number, enumeration of kinds or classes. 58 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(3) kSetra Place, where the thing is found at the present time. (4) spa rzana Extent or the amount of space touched by it in all ages. (5) kAla Time (6) antara Interval (of time) (7) Hra Quality, i.e. that determinateness which is one with the being of the object. (8) alpabahutvaQuantity; the being so much withreference to apossible __more or less, measurable or numberable amount. sata, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva, aura alpa-bahutva se bhI samyagdarzana Adi viSayoM kA jJAna hotA hai| ___ isa sUtra meM vastu svarUpa ko atyanta vaijJAnika praNAlI se savistAra jAnane ke upAya batAye gaye haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA) kaSAyapAhuDa, jayadhavalA kI varNana praNAlI pUrNa rUpa se isake anurUpa hI hai| __1. sat- vastu ke astitva ko sat kahate haiN| pratyeka dravya sat svarUpa hai| astitva se rahita kisI bhI dravya kI kalpanA taka nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| sat ke AdhAra para hI saMkhyA, guNa, paryAyeM TikatI haiN| isalie pahale sat kA grahaNa kiyA gyaa| ... 2. saMkhyA- vastu ke pariNAmoM kI ginatI ko saMkhyA kahate haiM athavA vastu ke bhedoM kI gaNanA ko saMkhyA kahate haiN| 3. kSetra- vastu ke vartamAna kAla viSayaka nivAsa ko kSetra kahate haiM arthAt vartamAna kAla meM vastu jahAM rahatI hai usa AkAza pradeza ko kSetra kahate 4. sparzana- vastu ke tIna kAla viSayaka nivAsa ko sparzana kahate haiM arthAt vastu ke bhUtakAlIna kSetra tathA vartamAna kAla kSetra aura bhaviSya kAla kSetra ko sparzane kahate haiN| 59 For Personal & Private Use Only

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___5. kAla- vastu ke rahane kI maryAdA ko kAla kahate haiN| 6. antara- vastu ke viraha kAla ko antara kahate haiM arthAt vastu kI eka paryAya naSTa hone para puna: usakI vyutpatti meM jo kAla vyavadhAna par3atA hai use antara kahate haiN| 7. bhAva- vastu ke guNoM ko bhAva kahate haiM jaise aupazamikAdi bhaav| 8. alpabahutva- eka vastu kI apekSA anya vastu kI hInAdhikatA ko alpabahutva kahate haiN| samyagjJAna kA varNana, jJAna ke bheda aura nAma matizrutAvadhimanaHparyaya kevlaanijnyaanm| (9).. . Righ knowledge (is of five kinds)- . mati Sensitive knowledge. Knowledge of the self and the non-self by means of the senses and mind. A Scriptural knowledge. Knowledge derived from the reading or preaching of scriptures, or through an object known by sensitive knowledge. matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhi jJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna ye pA~ca jJAna - gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa ke jJAnamArgaNAdhikAra meM jJAna kA varNana karate hue kahA bhI hai paMceva hoMti NANA, madisudaohImaNaM ca kevlyN| khayauvasamiyA cauro, kevlnnaannNhvekhiyN|| (gA.300) samyagjJAna pA~ca hI haiN| inameM se Adi ke cAra jJAna jo kSAyopazamika haiM ve apane-apane pratipakSI matijJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke kSayopazama se hote haiN| sarvaghAtispardhakoM kA udayAbhAvI kSaya, sadavasthArUpa upazama aura dezaghAti kA - 60 For Personal & Private Use Only

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udaya ho to kSayopazama kahA jAtA hai| pratipakSI karma kI isa avasthA meM hone vAle jJAna ko kSAyopazamika kahate haiN| antima kevalajJAna kSAyika hai| vaha sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa ke kSaya se prakaTa huA karatA hai| 1. matijJAna ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazamase aura indriya-mana ke avalambana se __mUrta-amUrta dravya kA vikalarUpa se (apUrNa rUpa se) vizeSataH avabodhana karatA hai vaha AbhinibodhikajJAna hai| 2. zrutajJAna ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se aura mana ke avalambana se mUrta-amUrta dravya kA vikalarUpa se vizeSata: avabodhana karatA hai vaha zrutajJAna hai| 3. avadhi jJAna ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se hI mUrta dravya kA vikalarUpa se vizeSata: avabodhana karatA hai vaha avadhijJAna hai| 4. mana:paryayajJAna AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se hI paramanogata (dUsaroM ke mana ke sAtha sambandha vAle) mUrtadravya kA vikalarUpa se vizeSata: avabodhana karatA hai vaha manaH paryaya jJAna hai| 5. samasta AvaraNake atyanta kSaya se, kevala hI (akelA AtmA hI) mUrtaH, amUrta dravya kA sakalarUpa se vizeSata: avabodhana karatA hai vaha svabhAvika kevalajJAna hai| 1. matijJAna madiNANaM puNa tivihaM uvaladdhI bhAvaNaM ca uvogo| taha evaM caduviyappaM daMsaNapuvvaM havadi nnaannN|(1) . (paJcAstikAya pR.141) .. matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama hone para pAMca indriya aura mana ke dvArA jo koI mUrtika aura amUrtika vastuoM ko vikalpa sahita yA bheda sahita jAnatA hai vaha matijJAna hai| so tIna prakAra haiM- matijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se jo padArtho ko jAnane kI zakti prApta hotI hai usako upalabdhi matijJAna kahate haiN| yaha nIlA hai, yaha pIlA hai ityAdi rUpa se jo padArtha ke jAnane kA vyApAra usako upayoga matijJAna kahate haiN| jAne hue padArtha ko bArambAra .. 61 For Personal & Private Use Only

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cintavana karanA so bhAvanA matijJAna hai / yahI matijJAna avagraha, IhA, AvAya, dhAraNA ke bheda se cAra prakAra haiN| athavA koSTha buddhi, bIja buddhi, padAnusArI buddhi aura saMbhinna zrotRtA buddhi ke bheda se bhI cAra prakAra haiN| yaha matijJAna sattA avalokanarUpa darzanapUrvaka hotA hai| 2. zrutajJAna sudaNANaM puNaNANI bhAMti laddhIya bhAvaNA ceva / uvaoga NayaviyappaM NANeNa ya vatthu atthassa || (2) vahI AtmA jisane matijJAna se padArtha ko jAnA thA, jaba zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama hone para jo mUrta aura amUrta padArthoM ko jAnatA hai usako : jJAnIjana zrutajJAna kahate haiN| vaha zrutajJAna jo zakti kI prApti rUpa hai so labdhi hai, jo bAra - bAra vicAra rUpa hai so bhAvanA hai| usI ke upayoga aura naya aise bhI do bheda haiN| 'upayoga' zabda se vastu ko grahaNa karane vAlA pramANa jAna lenA cAhiye tathA 'naya' zabda se vastu ke eka deza ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAtA kA abhiprAya mAtra lenA cAhiye, kyoMki kahA hai- "nayo jJAturabhiprAyaH " ki naya jJAtA kA abhiprAya mAtra hai| jo guNaparyAya rUpa padArtha kA sarva rUpa se jAnanA so pramANa hai aura usI ke kisI eka guNa yA kisI eka paryAya mAtra ko mukhyatA se jAnanA so naya haiN| yahA~ yaha tAtparya hai ki grahaNa karane yogya paramAtmatatva kA sAdhaka jo vizuddha jJAnadarzana svabhAva rUpa zuddha AtmIka tatva kA samyak zraddhAna jJAna va AcaraNa rUpa jo abheda ratnatrayarUpa bhAvazruta hai so nizcayanaya rUpa se grahaNa karane yogya hai aura vyavahAranayase isI bhAvazrutajJAna ke sAdhaka dravyazruta ko grahaNa karanA cAhiye / 3. avadhijJAna 62 ohiM taheva gheppadu desaM paramaM ca ohisavvaM ca / tiNivi guNeNa NiyamA bhaveNa desaM tahA NiyadaM // ( 3 ) jo avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama hone para mUrtika vastuko pratyakSa rUpase jAnatA hai vaha avadhijJAna hai| jaise pahale zrutajJAna ko upalabdhi bhAvanA tathA upabhoga kI apekSA tIna bheda se kahA thA vaise yaha avadhijJAna bhAvanA For Personal & Private Use Only

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ko chor3akara upalabdhi tathA upayoga svarUpa hai| avadhijJAna kI zakti so upalabdhi hai, cetana kI pariNati kA udhara jhukanA so upayoga hai tathA usake tIna bheda aura bhI jAno-dezAvadhi, paramAvadhi, srvaavdhi| kintu ina tInoM meM se paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi jJAna una caramazarIrI mokSagAmI muniyoM ke hotA hai jo caitanya bhAva ke uchalane se pUrNa va Anandamaya parama sukhAmRta rasa ke AsvAdarUpa parama samarasI bhAva meM pariNamana kara rahe haiN| jaisA ki vacana hai "paramohI savvohI caramazarIrasya viradasya" ye tInoM hI avadhijJAna vizeSa samyagdarzana Adi guNoM ke kAraNa niyama se hote haiM tathA jo bhava pratyaya avadhi hai arthAt jo deva nArakiyoM ke janma se honevAlI avadhi hai vaha niyama se dezAvadhi hI hotI hai yaha abhiprAya hai| 4. manaH paryayajJAna viulamadIpuNaNANaM ajjavaNANaM ca duviha mnnnnaannN| ede saMjamaladdhI uvaoge appamattassa // (4) yaha AtmA mana:paryaya jJAnAvaraNIya ke kSayopazama hone para dUsare ke mana meM prApta mUrta vastu ko jisake dvArA pratyakSa jAnatA hai vaha manaH paryaya jJAna hai| usake do bheda haiM-Rjumati aura vipulmti| inameM vipulamati mana:paryayajJAna dUsare ke mana meM prApta padArtha ko sIdhA (sarala)va vakra donoM ko jAnatA hai jabaki Rjumati mAtra sIdhe (sarala viSaya) ko hI jAnatA hai| inameM se vipulamati una caramazarIrI muniyoM ke hI hotA hai jo nirvikAra AtmAnubhUti kI bhAvanA ko rakhane vAle haiN| tathA ye donoM hI upekSA saMyama kI dazAmeM saMyamiyoM ke hI hote haiM aura kevala una muniyoM ke hI hote haiM jo vItarAga Atmatattva ke . . samyak zraddhAna, jJAna va cAritra kI bhAvanA sahita, pandraha pramAda rahita apramatta guNasthAna ke vizuddha pariNAma meM varta rahe hoN| jaba yaha utpanna hotA hai taba apramatta sAtaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai, yaha niyama hai| phira pramatta ke bhI banA rahatA hai, yaha tAtparya hai| 63 For Personal & Private Use Only

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5. kevalajJAna NANaM NeyaNimittaM kevalaNANaM Na hodi sudnnaannN| NeyaM kevalaNANaM NANANANaM ca Natthi kevlinno||(5) kevalajJAna ghaTapaTa Adi jAnane yogya padArtho ke Azraya se nahIM utpanna hotA hai isaliye vaha jaise jJeya padArthoM ke nimitta se nahIM hotA hai vaise hI zrutajJAnarUpa bhI nahIM hai| yadyapi divyadhvani ke samaya meM isa kevalajJAna ke AdhAra se gaNadhara deva AdikoM ke zrutajJAna hotA hai tathApi vaha zrutajJAna gaNadharadevAdi ko hI hotA hai| kevalI arahantoM ke nahIM hai| kevalI bhagavAna ke jJAna meM kisI sambandha meM jJAna va kisI meM ajJAna nahIM hotA hai, kintu sarva jJeyoM kA binA krama ke jJAna hotA hai athavA matijJAna Adi bhedoM se nAnA prakAra kA jJAna nahIM hai kintu eka mAtra zuddha jJAna hI hai| yahA~ jo matijJAna Adi ke bheda se pA~ca jJAna kahe gaye haiM ve saba vyavahAranaya se haiN| nizcaya se akhaMDa eka jJAna ke prakAza rUpa hI AtmA hai jaise meghAdi rahita sUrya hotA hai, yaha tAtparya hai| pramANa kA lakSaNa aura bheda. ttprmaanne| (10) They (i.e. five kinds of knowledge are) the two 9AT0T (and no others.) vaha pA~coM prakAra kA jJAna do pramANa rUpa hai| "samyak jJAnaM prmaannm|" arthAt jo jJAna samyak arthAt samIcIna (yathArtha) hai vahI jJAna pramANa hai| jJAna ko samIcIna hone ke lie jJAna sambandhI jo doSa haiM, usase jJAna ko rahita honA caahie| isakA pratipAdana prameyaratnamAlA meM nimna prakAra kiyA haiprakarSeNa saMzayAdi vyavacchedenamIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena ttprmaannN| jisake dvArA prakarSa se arthAt saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya ke vyavaccheda (nirAkaraNa) se vastutattva jAnA jAya vaha pramANa kahalAtA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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tArkika cUr3AmaNi samantabhadra svAmI ne bhI samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa agra prakAra kahA hai anyUnamanatiriktaM, yAthAtathyaM binA ca vipriitaat| niHsandehaM veda, ydaahustjjnyaanmaagminH|| (42,ra.zrA.pR.32) jo jJAna vastu ke svarUpa ko nyUnatA, adhikatA, viparItatA aura sandeha rahita jaisA ko taisA jAnatA hai vaha jJAna samyagjJAna kahalAtA haiN| saMsayavimohavinbhamavivajjiyaM appprsruuvss| gahaNaM sammaNNANaM sAyAramaNeyabheyaM tu|| (42 dra.saM.pR.142) AtmasvarUpa aura parapadArtha ke svarUpa kA jo saMzaya, vimoha (anadhyavasAya) aura vibhrama (viparyaya) kujJAna se rahita jAnanA hai vaha samyag jJAna kahalAtA hai| yaha AkAra (vikalpa) sahita hai aura aneka bhedoM kA dhAraka jANai tikAlavisae, davvaguNe pajjae ya bhubhede| paccakkhaM ca parokkhaM, aNeNa NANaM tti NaM veNti|| (299 go.jI.pR.160) :: jisake dvArA jIva trikAlaviSayaka bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna kAla sambandhI samasta dravya aura unake guNa tathA unakI aneka prakAra kI paryAyoM ko jAne usako jJAna kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM, eka pratyakSa dUsarA prokss| parokSa pramANa ke bheda __Adye prokssm| (11) The first two kinds of knowledge, i.e. Afa sensitive and a Scriptural knowledge, are te Paroksha i.e., Indirect or mediate. prathama do jJAna parokSa pramANa hai| 65 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Adya ke do jJAna arthAt matijJAne aura zrutajJAna parokSa pramANa hai| jo jJAna parAvalambana se hotA hai evaM aspaSTa hotA hai use parokSajJAna kahate haiM / matijJAna evaM zrutajJAna indriya, mana evaM prakAza Adi ke Avalambana se hotA hai evaM aspaSTa hotA hai isalie ise parokSajJAna kahate haiN| kundakunda svAmI ne kahA bhI hai jaM parado viNNANaM taM tu parokkhaM tti bhaNidamatthesu / (58) para ke dvArA hone vAlA jo padArtha sambandhI vijJAna hai vaha to parokSa isa nAma se kahA gayA hai| paradavvaM te akkhA Neva sahAvo tti appaNo bhaNidA / avaladdhaM tehi kathaM paccakkhaM appaNo hodi // ( pavayaNasAro, pR.saM. 132 zloka na. 57 ) ve prasiddha pA~ca indriyoM ko AtmA kI arthAt vizuddha jJAna darzana svabhAvadhArI AtmA kI svabhAva rUpa nizcaya se nahIM kahI gaI haiM kyoMki, unakI utpatti bhinna padArtha se huI hai isaliye ve paradravya arthAt pudgala dravyamayI haiM una indriyoM . ke dvArA jAnA huA unhIM ke viSaya yogya padArtha so AtmA ke pratyakSa kisa taraha ho sakatA hai ? arthAt kisI bhI taraha nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise pA~coM indriyA~ AtmA ke svarUpa nahIM haiM aise hI nAnA manorathoM ke karane meM 'yaha bAta kahane yogya hai, maiM kahane vAlA hU~' isa taraha nAnA vikalpoM ke jAla ko banAne vAlA jo mana hai vaha indriyajJAna kI taraha nizcaya se parokSa hI hai / 66 The remaining three, i.e. avadhi visual, direct material knowledge, mana:paryaya Mental, direct mental knowledge and kevala perfect knowledge are i.e. directly known by the soul itself, without any external help. pratyakSa pramANa ke bhedapratyakSamanyat / ( 12 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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zeSa saba jJAna pratyakSa pramANa hai| . avadhijJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna evaM kevalajJAna pratyakSa pramANa hai| ___ jo jJAna parAvalambana ke binA jAnatA hai use pratyakSajJAna kahate haiN| isa dRSTi se kevalajJAna hI pUrNa (sakala) pratyakSa hai| avadhijJAna evaM mana :paryayajJAna kSayopazama se utpanna hone ke kAraNa tathA sImA sahita hone ke kAraNa parokSa hote hue bhI ye donoM jJAna matijJAna evaM zrutajJAna ke samAna pUrNa parantantra nahIM haiM isalie ina donoM jJAna ko pratyakSa meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| tathApi kevalajJAna ke samAna pUrNa pratyakSa nahIM hone ke kAraNa ise deza pratyakSa bhI kahate haiN| pratyakSa kI paribhASA kundakundadeva ne nimna prakAra se kI hai__jadi kevaleNaM NAdaM havadi hi jIveNa pcckkhN|| (58 prava.pR. 134) jo mAtra jIva ke dvArA hI jAnA jAtA hai vaha jJAna vAstava meM pratyakSa matijJAna ke dUsare nAma mati: smRtiH saMjJA cintAbhinibodha itynrthaantrm| (13) mati : Sensitive knowledge (connotes) the same things as : smRti (rememberance of a thing known before, but out of sight .. now): saMjJA also called pratyabhijJAna recognition (rememberance of a thing known before when the thing itself or something similiar or markedly dissimilar to it, is present to the senses now): Farell Chinta or Tarka induction (reasoning or argrument based upon observation. If a thing is put in fire, its temperature would rise,) 67 For Personal & Private Use Only

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abhinibodha Abhinibodh or Anumana. (Deduction, Reasoning by inference; e.g. any thing put in fire become sheated this thing is in Fire; therefore is must be heated. mati, smRti, saMjJA, cintA aura abhinibodha ityAdi anya padArtha nahIM haiM arthAt matijJAna ke hI nAmAntara haiM / matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama rUpa antaraMga nimitta se utpanna hue * upayoga ko viSaya karane ke kAraNa matijJAna eka hai tathApi kucha vizeSa kAraNoM se usameM uparokta bheda ho jAte haiN| 1. mati - " mananaM matiH " jo manana kiyA jAtA hai use mati kahate haiM / mana aura indriya se vartamAna kAla ke padArthoM kA jJAna honA mati hai| 2. smRti - "smaraNaM smRti" smaraNa karanA smRti hai| pahale jAne hue padArtha kA vartamAna meM smaraNa Ane ko smRti kahate hai / 3. saMjJA - " sajJAnaM saMjJA" vartamAna meM kisI vastu ko dekhakara yaha vahI hai isa prakAra smaraNa aura pratyakSa ke jor3a rUpa jJAna ko saMjJA yA pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| 4. cintA - kinhI do padArthoM ke kArya-kAraNa Adi sambandha ke jJAna ko cintA kahate haiM / isako tarka bhI kahate haiN| jaise- agni ke binA dhUma nahIM hotA hai, AtmA ke binA zarIra vyApAra, vacana vyApAra nahIM ho sakate haiM, pudgala ke binA sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa nahIM ho sakate hai isa prakAra kArya kAraNa sambandha kA vicAra karanA 'cintA' hai| saMkSiptataH vyApti ke jJAna ko cintA kahate haiM / 5. abhinibodha - eka pratyakSa padArtha ko dekhakara usase sambandha rakhane vAle apratyakSa kA bodha - jJAna honA abhinibodha ( anumAna) hai| jaise - parvata para pratyakSa dhUma ko dekhakara usase sambandha rakhane vAlI apratyakSa agni kA jJAna honA / 'iti' zabda se pratibhA, buddhi, medhA Adi ko grahaNa karanA cAhie / For Personal & Private Use Only

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dina yA rAtri meM kAraNa ke binA hI jo svataH pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai vaha pratibhA hai / jaise prAtaH mujhe iSTa vastu kI prApti hogI yA kala merA koI iSTa sambandhI AyegA Adi / arthagrahaNa karane kI zakti ko 'buddhi' kahate haiM / pAThagrahaNa karane kI zakti kA nAma 'medhA' hai| kahA bhI hai- AgamAzritajJAna mati hai| buddhi tatkAlIna padArtha kA sAkSAtkAra karatI hai| prajJA atIta ko tathA medhA trikAlavartI padArthoM kA parijJAna karatI hai| navIna-navIna unmeSazAlinI pratibhA hai| matijJAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa aura svarUpa tadindriyAnindriyanimittam / ( 14 ) It is acquired by the help of the indriya senses and anindriya ie, mind. vaha matijJAna indriya aura mana rUpa nimitta se hotA hai / matijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama, vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama, no indriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke sAtha-sAtha indriya aura mana ke dvArA jo jJAna hotA hai use 'matijJAna' kahate hai| 'indra' zabda kA vyutpattilabhya artha hai 'indatItiindraH' jo AjJA aura aizvarya vAlA hai vaha indra hai| 'indra' zabda kA artha AtmA hai| vaha yadyapi jJasvabhAva hai to bhI matijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya ke rahate hue svayaM padArthoM ko jAnane meM asamartha hai ataH usa padArtha kene meM jo liMga (nimitta ) hotA hai vaha indra kA liMga indriya kahI jAtI hai / athavA jo lIna arthAt gUDha padArtha kA jJAna karAtA hai use liMga kahate haiN| isake anusAra 'indriya' zabda kA yaha artha huA ki, jo sUkSma AtmA ke astitva kA jJAna karAne meM liMga arthAt kAraNa hai use 'indriya' kahate hai, jaise loka meM dhUma, agni kA jJAna karAne meM kAraNa hotA hai| isI prakAra ye sparzanAdika karaNa karttA AtmA ke abhAva meM nahIM ho sakate haiM ataH unase jJAtA kA astitva pAyA jAtA hai| athavA indra zabda nAmakarma kA vAcI hai / ata: yaha artha huA ki, usase racI gaI indriya hai| ve indriyA~ sparzanAdika hai / anIndriya, mana aura anta:karaNa For Personal & Private Use Only 69

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ye ekArtha vAcI nAma haiN| _ mana ko no indriya yA anindriya kahate haiN| yahA~ anindriya kA artha niSedhaparaka nahIM hai parantu kiJcit artha meM hai| yathA "ISadarthasyanatra-prayogAt" nakA prayoga 'ISada' artha meM kiyA hai| ISat indriya anindriy| yathA anudarA knyaa| isa prayoga meM jo anudarA zabda hai usase udarakA abhAva rUpa artha na lekara ISad artha liyA gayA hai usI prakAra prakRta meM jAnanA caahie| ye indriyAM nizcita deza meM sthita padArthoM kA viSaya karatI haiM aura kAlAntara meM avasthita rahatI haiN| kintu mana indriya kA liMga hotA huA bhI pratiniyata deza meM sthita padArtha ko viSaya nahIM karatA aura kAlAntara meM avasthita nahIM rhtaa| ise anta:karaNa kahA jAtA hai| ise guNa aura doSoM ke vicAra aura smaraNa karane Adi kAryoM meM indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM lenI par3atI tathA cakSu Adi indriyoM ke samAna isakI bAhara upalabdhi bhI nahIM hotii| isalie yaha anAgata karaNa hone se anta:karaNa kahalAtA hai| isalie anindriya meM natra kA niSedha rUpa artha na lekara 'ISad' artha liyA gayA haiN| matijJAna ke bheda avgrhhaavaaydhaarnnaaH| (15) avagraha Avagraha or perception. . IhA Conception. AvAya Judgement. ETRUTT Retention. avagraha, IhA, AvAya aura dhAraNA ye matijJAna ke cAra bheda hai| __isa satra meM jJAna prApti ke manovaijJAnika praNAlI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kisI bhI viSaya ke dhAraNA rUpI jJAna ke liye kina-kina manovaijJAnika praNAliyoM se gujaranA par3atA hai usakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vidyArthiyoM ko isa sUtra meM pratipAdita manovaijJAnika praNAlI se adhyayana karanA cAhiye jisase 70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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unakI dhAraNA zakti (smaraNa zakti) adhika ho sakatI hai| viSaya aura viSayI ke sambandha ke bAda hone vAle prathama grahaNa ko avagraha kahate haiN| viSaya aura viSayI kA sannipAta (sambandha) hone para darzana hotA hai| usake pazcAt jo padArtha kA grahaNa hotA hai vaha 'avagraha' kahalAtA hai| jaise cakSu indriya ke dvArA 'yaha zukla rUpa haiM' aisA grahaNa karanA avagraha hai| avagraha ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye padArthoM meM usake viSaya meM vizeSa jAnane kI icchA IhA kahalAtI hai| jaise, 'jo zukla rUpa dekhA hai vaha kyA vakapaMkti haiM? isa prakAra jAnane kI icchA 'IhA hai| vizeSa ke nirNaya dvArA jo yathArtha jJAna hotA hai use 'avAya' kahate hai| jaise-utpatana, nipatana aura paMkhavikSepa Adi ke dvArA 'yaha vakapaMkti hI hai dhvajA nahIM hai, aisA nizcaya honA avAya hai| jAnI huI vastu kA jisa kAraNa kAlAntara meM vismaraNa nahIM hotA use 'dhAraNA' kahate hai| jaise- yaha vahI vakapaMkti hai jise prAta: kAla maiMne dekhA thA, aisA jAnanA dhAraNA hai| sUtra meM ina avagrahAdika kA upanyAsa krama inake utpatti krama kI apekSA kiyA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki, jisa krama se ye jJAna utpanna hote haiM usI krama se inakA sUtra meM nirdeza kiyA hai| - gommaTTasAra jIvakAMDa meM kahA bhI gayA hai ahimuhnniymiybohnnmaabhinnibohymnniNdiiNdiyjN| avagahaIhAvAyAdhAraNagA hoMtipatteyaM / (306) [gommaTasAra jIvakANDa] __ indriya aura anindriya (mana) kI sahAyatA se abhimukha aura niyamita * padArtha ko 'abhimukha' kahate haiN| jaise-cakSu kA rUpa niyata hai isa hI taraha jisa-2 indriya kA jo-2 viSaya nizcita hai usako niyamita kahate hai| isa taraha ke padArthoM kA mana athavA sparzana Adika pA~ca indriyoM kI sahAyatA se jo jJAna hotA hai usako 'Abhinibodhaka matijJAna' kahate haiN| isa prakAra mana aura indriya rUpa sahakArI nimittabheda kI apekSA se matijJAna ke chaha bheda ho jAte haiN| isameM bhI pratyeka ke avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA ye cAra-2 bheda haiN| pratyeka ke cAra-2 bheda hote haiM, isalie chaha ko cAra se guNA karane 71 For Personal & Private Use Only

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para matijJAna ke caubIsa bheda ho jAte hai| - visayANaM visaDaNaM, saMjogANaMtaraM have nniymaa| avagahaNANaM gahide, visesakaMkhA have iihaa||(308) padArtha aura indriyoM kA yogya kSetra meM avasthAna rUpa sambandha hone para sAmAnya avalokana yA nirvikalpa grahaNarUpa darzana hotA hai aura isake anantara vizeSa AkAra Adi ko grahaNa karane vAlA avagraha jJAna hotA hai| isake anantara jisa padArtha ko avagraha ne grahaNa kiyA hai usa hI ke kisI vizeSa aMza ko grahaNa karane vAlA IhA jJAna hotA hai| IhaNakaraNeNa jadA, suNiNNao hodi so avAo du| kAlaMtare vi NiNNidavatthusumaraNassa kAraNaM turiyN|| (309) IhA jJAna ke anantara vastu ke vizeSa cinhoM ko dekhakara jo usakA vizeSa nirNaya hotA hai usako 'avAya' kahate haiN| jaise bhASA, veSa vinyAsa Adi ko dekhakara "yaha dAkSiNAtya hI hai" isa taraha ke nizcaya ko avAya kahate haiN| jisake dvArA nirNIta vastu kA kAlAntara meM bhI vismaraNa na ho usako dhAraNA jJAna kahate haiN| __avagraha Adi ke viSaya bhUta padArtha bahubahuvidhakSiprAniH sRtAnuktadhruvANAM setraannaam| (16) bahu More. eka Eka alpa One in number or unit of quantity. bahuvidha of many kinds. eka vidha of one kind. kSipra Quick. akSipra Slow. aniHsRta Hidden. niHsRta Exposed. anukta unexpressed. 72 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ukta Described. dhruva Lasting. adhruva Transient. setara (pratipakSa sahita) bahu, bahuvidha, kSipra, aniHsRta, anukta aura dhruva ke avagraha, IhA, AvAya aura dhAraNA rUpa matijJAna hote haiN| avagraha Adika jo jJAna hote hai unake viSayabhUta padArthoM kA varNana isa sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai| yathA, ( 1 ) bahu ( 2 ) eka (3) bahuvidha (4) ekavidha (5) kSipra ( 6 ) akSipra ( 7 ) ani:sRta ( 8 ) niHsRta ( 9 ) anukta ( 10 ) ukta ( 11 ) dhruva ( 12 ) adhruva / gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM isakA savistRta varNana nimna prakAra kiyA gayA 1. bahu 2. eka bahuvattijAdigaNe bahubahuvihamiyaramiyaragahaNamhi / sagaNAmAdo siddha khippAdI sedrA ya tahA // ( 311 ) (nt.ft.120) 3. bahuvidha 4. va - eka jAti ke bahuta se vyaktiyoM ko 'bahu' kahate haiN| jaisemanuSyoM kA smuuh| eka jAti ke eka vyakti ko 'eka' kahate haiN| jaise- eka manuSya / * bahuta prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ke samUha ko 'bahu-vidha' kahate haiN| jaise - vibhinna deza ke vibhinna saMskRti va vibhinna veSa-bhUSAoM ke manuSyoM ke samUha / - * eka jAti ke aneka vyaktiyoM ke jJAna ko 'eka vidha' kahate hai| jaise- eka deza eka samyatA saMskRti ke aneka manuSya / For Personal & Private Use Only 73

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5. kSipra - zIghratA se gamana karate hue padArtha ke jJAna ko 'kSipra kahate haiN| jaise- zIghratA se daur3atI huI gAr3I kA jJAna yA vizeSa kSayopazama ke kAraNa padArthoM ko zIghratA se jAnane ko bhI kSiprajJAna kahate hai| -mandatA se gamana karate hae padArthoM ke jJAna ko 'akSipra' kahate hai| jaise-dhIre-dhIre calate hue kachuA kA jJAna athavA kSayopazama kI mandatA se padArtho kA dhIre-dhIre jJAna honA bhI akSiprajJAna 6. akSipra 7. aniHsRta - chipe hue padArtha ke jJAna ko 'aniHsRta' kahate hai| athavA ekadeza ke jJAna se sarva deza ke jJAna ko ani:sRta kahate haiN| jaise- bAhara nikalI hAthI kI sUr3a dekhakara jala meM DUbe . pUre hAthI kA jJAna honaa| 8. niHsRta - pragaTa padArtha ke jJAna ko niHsRta kahate haiN| jaise- sAmane spaSTa dikhAI dene vAlA hAthI kA jJAna / 9. anukta - binA kahe hue viSaya ko abhiprAya se jAna lenA anukta kahate haiN| jaise- zarIra ke halana-calana evaM hAva-bhAva se vyakti ke abhiprAya kA jJAna honaa| 10. ukta - vacanoM ke dvArA pratipAdita viSayoM kA jJAna honA ukta hai| jaise- idhara aaie| 11. dhruva - sthira padArtha kA jJAna honA dhruva haiN| jaise- sthira parvata kA jJAna honaa| 12. adhruva - asthira padArtha kA jJAna honA adhruva hai| jaise- bijalI kA jnyaan| arthasya (17) The 288 refer to i.e. are of determinable sense objects (i.e.) thing that can be touched, tasted, smetll, seen, heard or perceived 74 For Personal & Private Use Only

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by the mind.) The 288 sub-divisions of knowledge relates to determinable sense objects. artha (vastu ke) avagraha, IhA, AvAya aura dhAraNA ye cAroM matijJAna hote haiN| avagraha Adi vizeSaNa se viziSTa padArtha ke avagraha AdijJAna hote haiN| cakSu Adi ke viSayabhUta padArtha ko artha kahate haiM / avagraha Adi kevala guNa ke nahIM hote hai parantu guNa sahita guNI arthAt dravyoM ke hote haiN| kyoMki amUrtika guNoM kA indriya se sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai| jo paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai, athavA paryAyoM ke dvArA prApta hotA hai usa dravya ko 'artha' kahate haiN| jo antaraMga evaM bahiraMga nimitta ke kAraNa se utpatti prati tatpara svakIya paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai vA paryAyoM ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai use artha kahate haiM aura vaha artha hI dravya hai / zaMkA- ye rUpAdi guNa sUkSma haiM, yadi indriyoM ke dvArA unakA sannikarSa nahIM ho to " maine rUpa dekhA, maine gaMdhasUMghI" ityAdi pariNati nahIM honI cAhiye parantu pariNati hotI hai ? uttara- maine rUpa dekhA, gaMdhasUMghI ityAdi jo pravRti hotI hai arthAt rUpAdi kA grahaNa hotA hai vaha padArtha se abhinna hone se, padArtha ke grahaNa se una guNoM kA bhI indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| avagraha jJAna meM vizeSatA vyaJjanasyAvagrahaH / ( 18 ) There is only perception i.e. indeterminable subject, (i.e. of a thing of which we know very little, so little that we can not proceed to the Iha Conception, Judgement and retention of it. For Personal & Private Use Only 75

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vyaMjana kA avagraha hI hotA hai| sAmAnya sattAvalokana ko darzana kahate haiN| eka tarapha lage hue upayoga ko anya tarapha karane ko bhI darzana kahate haiN| darzana ke anantara avagraha hotA hai| isa ke do bheda hai (1) vyaMjanAvagraha (2) arthaavgrh| vyakta padArtha kA grahaNa karanA arthAvagraha hai, avyakta kA grahaNa vyaMjanAvagraha hai, navIna sakorA ke smaan| jaise nUtana miTTI kA sakorA do, tIna sUkSma jalakaNa ke sIMcane se gIlA nahIM hotA hai parantu lagAtAra jala-binduoM ke DAlate rahane para vahI sakorA dhIre-dhIre gIlA ho jAtA hai usI prakAra AtmA ke prathama, zabdAdi kA avyakta rUpa se grahaNa hotA hai isalie prathama vyaMjanAvagraha hotA hai aura tadanantara vyakta zabdAdi kA grahaNa hone se arthAvagraha hotA hai| __na ckssurnindriyaabhyaam| (19) This is not possible to the eye or the mind. [It is possible to remaining four senses] __ cakSu aura mana se vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA hai| cakSu aura mana aprApyakArI hai| cUMki netra aprApta, yogya dizA meM avasthita, yukta sannikarSa ke yogya deza meM avasthita aura bAhya prakAza Adi se vyakta hue padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai aura mana bhI aprApta artha ko grahaNa karatA hai| ata: ina donoM ke dvArA vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotaa| "puDhe suNedi sadaM apuDhe ceva passade ruu| gaMdha rasaM ca phAsaM puTThamapuTuM viyaannaadi||" ___ paJcasaMgraha gA. 68 zrota spRSTa zabda ko sunatA hai aura aspRSTa zabda ko bhI sunatA hai, netra aspRSTa rUpa ko hI dekhatA hai| tathA ghrANa, rasanA aura sparzana indriyA~ krama se spRSTa aura aspRSTa gandha, rasa aura sparza ko jAnatI hai|" cakSu indriya aprApyakArI hai, kyoMki vaha spRSTa padArtha ko nahIM grahaNa krtii| yadi cakSu indriya prApyakArI hotI to kyA vaha tvacA indriya ke samAna 76 For Personal & Private Use Only

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spRSTa hue aMjana ko grahaNa karatI ? kintu vaha spRSTa aMjana ko nahIM grahaNa karatI hai| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki mana ke samAna cakSu indriya aprApyakArI hai / ata: siddha huA ki cakSu aura mana ko chor3akara zeSa indriyoM ke vyaMjanAvagraha hotA hai| tathA saba indriya aura mana ke arthAvagraha hotA hai| pahale avagraha ke do bheda batalA AyeM haiM- arthAvagraha aura vyaMjanAvagraha / inameM se arthAvagraha to pAMcoM indriyoM aura mana ina chahoM se hotA hai kintu vyaMjanAvagraha cakSu aura mana ina do se nahIM hotA yaha isa sUtra kA bhAva hai / cakSu aura mana se vyaMjanAvagraha kyoM nahIM hotA ? isakA nirdeza karate hue jo TIkA meM likhA hai usakA bhAva yaha hai ki ye donoM aprApyakArI hai arthAt ye donoM viSaya ko - spRSTa karake nahIM jAnate haiN| isalie inake dvArA vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA isase yaha apane Apa phalita ho jAtA hai ki vyaMjanAvagraha prApta artha kA hI hotA hai aura arthAvagraha prApta tathA aprApta donoM prakAra ke padArthoM kA hotA hai / yahA~ yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki, yadi aprApta artha kA arthAvagraha hotA hai to hoo isameM bAdhA nahIM, para prApta artha kA arthAvagraha kaise ho sakatA hai ? so isa zaMkA kA yaha samAdhAna hai ki, prApta artha kA sarvaprathama grahaNa ke samaya to vyaMjanAvagraha hI hotA hai kintu bAda meM usakA bhI arthAvagraha ho jAtA hai| netra prApta artha ko kyoM nahIM jAnatA ? isakA nirdeza to TIkA meM kiyA hI hai| isI prakAra zeSa indriyA~ bhI kadAcit aprApyakArI hotI hai| yaha bhI siddha hotA hai / prAyaH pRthvI meM jisa ora nidhi rakhI rahatI hai usa ora vanaspati ke mUla kA vikAsa dekhA jAtA hai| isI prakAra rasanA, ghrANa aura zrota indriya dvArA bhI usakI siddhi ho jAtI hai| zrutajJAna kA varNana, zrutajJAna kI utpatti kA krama aura bheda zrutaM matipUrvaM dvayanekadvAdazabhedam / ( 20 ) Scriptural knowledge is always preceded by sensitive knowledge. It is of two kinds. One of which has twelve and the other many divisions. zrutajJAna matijJAna pUrvaka hotA hai / vaha do prakAra kA, aneka prakAra kA aura bAraha prakAra kA bhI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 77

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zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se zrutajJAna hotA hai tathApi yaha zrutajJAna matijJAna pUrvaka hI hotA hai| matijJAna ke binA zrutajJAna nahIM hotA hai| matijJAna sAmAnya jJAna hai aura zrutajJAna vizeSa jJAna hai| ekendriya se lekara saMjJI paMcendriya taka mithyAtva guNasthAna se 12 veM guNasthAna (kSINakaSAya) taka zrutajJAna hotA hai tathApi yahA~ para mokSamArga kA varNana hone se suzrutajJAna vivakSita hai| yaha zrutajJAna samyagdRSTi jIva ko hI hotA hai| zabdAtmaka upadeza sunakara jo zrutajJAna hotA hai vaha zrutajJAna yahA~ vivakSita rUpa se liyA hai| isakA saMkSipta varNana yahA~ para hai| zrutajJAna ke mUla bheda do haiM- aMga praviSTa aura aMga bAhya 1 ... buddhi Adi atizaya vAle gaNadharoM ke dvArA racita aMga praviSTa 12 prakAra kA hai| bhagavAna arhanta sarvajJa devarUpI himAcala se nikalI huI vacanarUpI gaMgA ke artharUpI nirmala jala se prakSAlita hai anta:karaNa jinakA aise buddhi Adi RddhiyoM ke dhanI gaNadharoM ke dvArA grantharUpa se racita AcArAdi bAraha aMgoM ko aMgapraviSTa kahate haiN| jaise- (1) AcArAMga, (2) sUtrakRtAMga, (3) sthAnAMga, (4) samavAyAMga, (5) vyAkhyAprajJapti, (6) jJAtRdharmakathA, (7) upAsakAdhyayanAMga, (8) antakRdazAMga, (9) anuttaraupapAdikadazAMga, (10) praznavyAkaraNa, (11) vipAkasUtra aura (12) dRssttivaad| (1) AcArAMga :- AcArAMga meM ATha prakAra kI zuddhi, pA~ca samitI, tIna guptirUpa caryA kA vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai| " (2) sUtrakRtAMga :- sUtrakRtAMga meM jJAnavinaya, prajJApanA, kalpya, akalpya, chedopasthApanA Adi vyavahAra dharma kI kriyAoM kA nirUpaNa hai| (3) sthAnAMga :- sthAnAMga meM arthoM ke eka-eka do-do Adi aneke AzrayarUpa se padArthoM kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| 4. samavAyAMga :- samavAyAMga meM sarva padArthoM kI samAnatA rUpa se samavAya (samAnatA) kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| vaha samavAya dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA cAra prakAra kA hai| jaise- dharma, adharma, lokAkAza aura eka jIva ke tulya asaMkhyAta pradeza hone se inheM dravyarUpa samavAya (samAnatA) kahA 78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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1 bAraha aMgo meM pada saMkhyA | 2 dRSTivAda aMga meM pada saMkhyA / kra. nAma pada saMkhyA kra. nAma pada saMkhyA 1 AcArAMga 18,000/ 1parikarma 18,10,5000 2 sUtrakRtAMga 36,000 A candra prajJapti 360,5000 3 sthAnAMga 42,000 B sUrya prajJapti 60,3000 4 samavAyAMga 1,64,000 |C jambUdvIpa prajJapti 32,5000 5 vyAkhyAprajJapti 2,28,000/ |D dvIpa samudra prajJapti 52,36,000 6 jJAtRdharma kathAMga 5,56,000/ |E vyAkhyA prajJapti 84,36000 7 upAsakAdhyayana 1,17,000/ 2 sUtra 88,00,000 8 antakRddazAMga. 23,24,000/ 3 anuyoga 5000 9 anuttaropapAdikadazAMga 92,44,000/ pUrvagata 955000005 10 prazna vyAkaraNAra . | 93,16,000|5|cUlikA 104946000 // vipAka sUtra 18,40,000/ jalagatA 20979205 12 dRSTi vAda 10,86,85605 2|sthalagatA 3 AkAzagatA 4rUpagatA 5 mAyAgatA 11,28,35,805 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pada saMkhyA 200 280 240 3 caudaha pUrvo meM padAdi saMkhyA nAma vastugata | prAbhRja utpAda pUrva agrAyaNIya pUrva vIryAnuvAda pUrva 108 asti nAsti pravAda 380 jJAna pravAda satya pravAda Atma pravAda karma pravAda 400 pratyAkhyAna pravAda vidyAnuvAda 300 kalyANanAmadheya prANAvAya 200 kriyAvizAla 200 loka bindusAra 200 40 10000000 9600000 7000000 6000000 9999999 10000006 260000000 18000000 8400000 11000000 260000000 130000000 80000000 125000000 600 200 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jAtA hai| jambUdvIpa, sarvArthasiddhi, apratiSThAna naraka, naMdIzvara dvIpa kI vApikA ye saba eka lAkha yojana vistAra vAle hone se inakA kSetra kI dRSTi se samavAya hai| utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ye donoM dasa kor3A koDI sAgara pramANa hone se inakA kAla kI dRSTi se samavAya hai| kSAyika samyaktva, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana yathAkhyAtacAritra ye saba anaMta vizuddha rUpa se bhAva samavAya haiN| - 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti :- vyAkhyAprajJapti aMga meM 'jIva hai ki nahIM' ityAdi sATha hajAra praznoM kA uttara hai yA nirUpaNa hai| 6. jJAtRdharmakaMthAga :- jJAtRdharmakathAga meM aneka AkhyAna aura upAkhyAnoM ' kA varNana hai| 7. upAsakAdhyayanAMga :- upAsakAdhyayanAMga meM zrAvaka dharma kA vizeSarUpa se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 8. antakRddazAMga :- saMsAra kA anta jinhoMne kara diyA hai ve antakRt haiM- jaise- varddhamAna tIrthaMkara ke tIrthaM meM nami, mataMga, somila, rAmaputra, sudarzana, yamalIka, valIka, niSkambala, pAla aura ambaSThaputra ye dasa muni ghora upasarga sahana karake sampUrNa karmoM kA nAza kara antakRt kevalI hue| usI prakAra RSabhAdi teIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM dasa-dasa muni ghoropasarga sahana karake antakRtkevalI hue haiN| usa dasa-dasa muniyoM kA varNana jisameM hai usako antakRddazAMga kahate haiN| athavA antaH kRtoM kI dazA antakRtdazA usameM arhav AcArya hone kI vidhi tathA siddha hone vAloM kI aMtima vidhi kA varNana hai / 9. anuttaraupapAdikadazAMga :- upapAda janma hI hai prayojana jisakA ve aupapAdika haiN| vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka pA~ca anuttara haiN| una anuttaroM me utpanna hone vAloM ko anuttaraupapAdika kahate haiN| mahAvIra ke samaya meM RSidAsa, vAnya, sunakSatra, kArtika, naMda-naMdana, zAlibhadra, abhaya, vAriSeNa aura cilAtaputra ye dasa muni ghora upasarga sahana karake vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi meM utpanna hue haiN| isI prakAra RSabhAdi teIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM anya anya dasa-dasa For Personal & Private Use Only 79

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munirAja dAruNa upasarga para vijaya prApta kara vijayAdi anuttaroM meM utpanna hue . haiN| una anuttaraupapAdikoM kI dazA kA varNana jisameM kiyA jAtA hai - usa aMga kA nAma anuttaraupapAdika dazAMga hai| anuttaraupapAdikoM kI dazA anuttaraupapAdika dazAMga kahalAtI hai, isa aMga meM vijaya Adi anuttara vimAnoM kI Ayu vikriyA kSetra Adi kA varNana hai| 10. praznavyAkaraNa:- praznavyAkaraNAMga meM yukti aura nayoM ke dvArA aneka AkSepa vikSepa rUpa praznoM kA uttara hai| tathA usameM sabhI laukika aura vaidika arthoM kA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| 11. vipAkasUtra :- vipAkasUtra meM puNya aura pApa ke vipAka (phala) kA vicAra (kathana) hai| ____12. dRSTivAda:- isameM 363 kuvAdiyoM ke matoM kA nirupaNa pUrvaka khaMDana kiyA hai| kaulkala, kANeviddhi, kauzika, harismazru, mAMchapika, romaza, hArita, muNDa, AzvalAyana Adi kriyAvAdiyoM ke 180 bheda haiN| marIcikumAra, kapila, ulUka, gArgya, vyAghrabhUti, vAdvali, mAThara, maudagalAyana Adi akriyAvAdiyoM ke 84 bheda haiN| sAkalya, valkala, kudhumi, sAtyamugra, nArAyaNa, kaTha, mAdhyandina, mauda, paippalAda, bAdarAyaNa, ambaSThi, kRdauvikAyana, vasu, jaiminI, Adi ajJAnavAdiyoM ke 67 bheda haiN| vaziSTha, pArAzara, jatukarNi, vAlmIki, romaharSiNI, satyadatta, vyAsa, elAputra, opamanyava, indradatta, ayasthuNa Adi vainayikoM ke 32 bheda haiN| isa prakAra mithyAdRSTiyoM ke pula 363 bhedaM haiN| ina saba kA varNana dRSTivAda meM hai| dRSTivAda ke pA~ca bheda haiM - parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cuulikaa| 1. parikarma :- 'parita' arthAt pUrI taraha se 'karmANi' arthAt gaNita ke karaNasUtra jisameM haiM vaha parikarma hai| usake bhI pA~ca bheda haiM - candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgara prajJapti, vyAkhyA prjnypti| unameM se candraprajJapti, candramA ke vimAna, Ayu, parivAra, Rddhi, gamana, hAni, vRddhi, pUrNagrahaNa, ardhagrahaNa, caturthAzaMgrahaNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| sUryaprajJapti- sUrya kI Ayu, maNDala, parivAra, Rddhi, gamana kA pramANa 80 For Personal & Private Use Only

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tathA grahaNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti-jambUdvIpagata meru, kulAcala, tAlAba, kSetra, kuNDa, vedikA, vanakhaNr3a, vyantaroM ke AvAsa, mahAnadI Adi kA varNana karatI hai| dvIpasAgara prajJapti-asaMkhyAta dvIpasamudroM ke svarupa, unameM sthita jyotiSIdeva, vyantaroM aura bhavanavAsI devoM ke AvAsoM meM vartamAna akRtrima jinAlayoM kA varNana karatI hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti-rUpI-arUpI, jIva-ajIva, dravyoM kA bhavya aura abhavya bhedoM kA, unake pramANa aura lakSaNoM kA, anantara siddha aura paramparA siddhoM kA tathA anya vastuoM kA varNana karatI hai| 2. sUtra-:- 'sUtrayati' arthAt jo mithyAdRSTi darzanoM ko sUcita karatA hai vaha sUtra hai| jIva abandhaka hai, akArtA hai, nirguNa hai, abhoktA hai, svaprakAzaka nahIM hai, para prakAzaka hai, jIva asti hI hai yA nAsti hI hai ityAdi kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI, ajJAnI aura vainayika mithyAdRSTiyoM ke tIna sau tirasaTha matoM ko pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM kahatA hai| ___3. prathamAnuyoga:-prathama arthAt mithyAdRSTi, avratI yA avyutpanna vyakti ke lie jo anuyoga racA gayA vaha prathamAnuyoga hai| yaha caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI, nau baladeva, nau vAsudeva, nau prativAsudeva, ina tirasaTha zalAkA prAcIna puruSoM kA varNana karatA hai| 4. pUrvagata :- caudaha prakAra ke sambandha meM Age vistAra se kheNge| 5. cUlikA:- cUlikA bhI pA~ca prakAra kI hai - jalagatA cUlikA, sthalagatA, mAyAgatA, AkAzagatA, aura ruupgtaa| jalagatA cUlikA-jala kA stambhana, jala meM gamana, agni kA stambhana, agni kA bhakSaNa, agni meM baiThanA, agni meM praveza Adi ke kAraNa mantra, tantra, tapazcaraNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| mAyAgata, cUlikA-mAyAvI rupa, indrajAla (jAdugarI) vikriyA ke kAraNa maMtra, taMtra tapazcaraNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| rUpagatA cUlikA-siMha, hAthI, ghor3A, mRga, kharagoza, baila, vyAghra Adi ke rupa badalane meM kAraNa maMtra, taMtra, tapazcaraNa Adi kA tathA citra, kASTha, lepya, utkhanana Adi kA lakSaNa va dhAtuvAda, rasavAda, khadAna Adi vAdoM kA kathana karatI hai| AkAzagatA cUlikA-AkAza meM gamana karane meM kAraNa maMtra, taMtra, tapazcaraNa kA kathana karatA hai| 81 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pUrvagata caudaha prakAra kA hai - 1. utpAdapUrva, 2. agrAyaNI,3. vIryapravAda, 4. astinAstipravAda, 5. jJAnapravAda, 6. satyapravAda, 7. AtmapravAda, 8. karmapravAda, 9. pratyAkhyAna, 10. vidyAnuvAda, 11. kalyANavAda, 12. prANAvAya, 13. kriyAvizAla, 14. lokbindusaar| ___ 1. utpAdapUrva :- kAla, pudgala, jIva Adi kI jisa kAla meM jisa kSetra meM jisa paryAya se utpatti hotI hai, una sabakA varNana jisameM hai usako utpAdapUrva kahate haiN| 2. agrAyaNI:- jisameM kriyAvAdiyoM kI prakriyA, agraNI ke samAna aMgAdi tathA svasamaya ke viSaya kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai vaha agrAyaNI. pUrva 3. vIryapravAda :- jisameM chadmastha aura kevaliyoM kI zakti; surendra, asurendra Adi kI Rddhi vA narendra cakravartI baladeva Adi ke sAmarthya aura dravyoM ke samIcIna lakSaNa Adi kA varNana hai vaha vIryapravAda hai| 4. astinAstipravAdaH- jisameM pA~coM astikAyoM (jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza) kA aura nayoM kA asti nAsti Adi aneka paryAyoM dvArA vivecana hai, usako asti-nAstipravAda kahate haiN| athavA-jIvAdi chaha dravyoM kA ubhaya naya ke dvArA vazIkRta, arpita (vivakSita), anarpita (avivakSita) sva para paryAya ke kAraNa bhAva (vidhi), abhAva (niSedha) se jo varNana karatA hai arthAt svadravya kSetra kAla kI apekSA jIvAdi astirupa haiM aura para dravya, kSetra, kAla kI apekSA nAsti rupa haiM, isa prakAra naya vivakSA se vastu ke svarUpa kA varNana karatA hai - vaha astinAsti pravAda hai| 5. jJAnapravAda:- jisameM prAdurbhAva viSayoM ke Ayatana svarupa jJAniyoM ke pA~ca jJAnoM kA aura ajJAniyoM ke viSayoM ke Ayatana indriyoM kA vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai vaha jJAnapravAda hai| 6. satyapravAdaH- jisame vAggupti, vacana saMskAra, ke kAraNa, vacana prayoga, bAraha prakAra kI bhASA, vaktA ke aneka prakAra, mRSAbhidhAna aura dasa prakAra ke satya ke sadbhAva kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha satyapravAda hai| 82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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7. AtmapravAda:- jisameM AtmA kA astitva, nAstitva, nityatva, anityatva, katRtva, bhoktRtva Adi dharma aura SaT jIvanikAya ke bhedoM kA yukti se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai - vaha AtmapravAda hai| 8. karmapravAdaH- jisameM karmoM ke baMdha, udaya, udIraNA, upazama Adi dazAoM kA tathA jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa Adi sthitI kA tathA pradezoM ke samUha kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai vaha karmapravAda hai| 9. pratyAkhyAna:- jisame vrata, niyama, pratikramaNa, pratilekhana, tapa, kalpa, upasarga, AcAra, ArAdhanA, vizuddhi kA upakrama Adi va muniyoM ke AcaraNa kA kAraNa tathA parimita, aparimita dravya ke pratyAkhyAna Adi kA varNana hai use pratyAkhyAna pUrva kahate hai| 10. vidyAnavAda:- jisame samasta vidyAe~, ATha mahAnimitta, unakA viSaya, rajju rAzividhi, kSetra, zreNI, loka-pratiSThA, samudghAta Adi kA vivecana hai| aMguSThaprasenAdi 700 alpavidyAe~ aura rohiNI Adi 500 mahAvidyAe~ hotI haiN| 11. kalyANavAda:- jisame sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra tArAgaNoM kA gamana kSetra, upapAdakSetra, zakuna Adi kA varNana hai tathA arhat, baladeva, vAsudeva, cakravartI Adi kA evaM garbha janma tapa kevalajJAna mokSa ina paMcakalyANakoM kA varNana kiyA hai vaha kalyANapUrva kahalAtA hai| __12. prANAvAya:- kAyacikitsA Adi ATha aMga, Ayurveda, bhUtikarma, jAMguliprakama prANAyAma ke vibhAga kA jisameM vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA jAtA hai vaha prANAvAya nAmaka pUrva hai| 13. kriyAvizAla:- lekhanakriyA Adi puruSoM kI 72 kalAoM kA, striyoM kI 64 kalAoM kA tathA zilpa, kAvyaguNadoSa, chanda, kriyA, kriyA kA phala va usake bhoktA Adi kA jisame vistArapUrvaka varNana hai, vaha kriyA vizAlapUrva hai| "14. lokabindusAra:- ATha prakAra kA vyavhAra, cAra bIjarAzi, parikarma Adi gaNita tathA sArI zruta sampatti kA jisameM vivaraNa hai| vaha lokabindusAra hai| 83 For Personal & Private Use Only

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avadhijJAna kA varNana bhvprtyyo'vdhidevnaarkaannaam| (21) Birth-born visual knowledge (is in born) in celestial and hellish beings. bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna deva aura nArakiyoM ke hotA haiN| avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se avadhijJAna kI upalabdhi hotI hai| isake 2 bheda hai| (1) bhavapratyaya (2) gunnprtyy| (1) bhavapratyaya- bhava ko nimitta karake jo avadhijJAna hotA hai use bhava pratyaya avadhijJAna kahate haiN| bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna meM bhI avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai parantu yaha bhava ko nimitta prApta karake hotA hai| jaise-deva evam nArakiyoM ke avdhijnyaan| (2) guNapratyaya- guNa arthAt samyagdarzana, tapAdi ko guNa kahate haiM ina guNoM ke nimitta se avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se jo avadhijJAna hotA hai use guNapratyaya athavA kSayopazama nimittaka avadhijJAna kahate hai| gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM siddhAnta cakravartI nemicandrAcArya ne avadhijJAna kA bahuta hI sundara nimna prakAra varNana kiyA hai avahIyadi tti ohI, sImANANe tti vaNiyaM smye| bhavaguNapaccayavihiyaM, jamohiNANe tti NaM beNti|| (370) dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA se jisake viSaya kI sImA ho usako 'avadhijJAna' kahate haiN| isa hI liye paramAgama meM isako sImAjJAna kahA hai| tathA isake jinendradeva ne do bheda kahe haiM, eka bhava pratyaya dUsarA guNapratyaya / bhavapaccaigo suraNirayANaM titthevi svvaNguttho| guNapaccaigo NaratiriyANaM sNkhaadicinnhbhvo||(371) bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna deva nArakI tathA tIrthaMkaroM ke bhI hotA hai aura yaha jJAna sampUrNa aGga se utpanna hotA hai| guNapratyaya avadhijJAna paryApta manuSya 84 For Personal & Private Use Only

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tathA saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMcoM ke bhI hotA hai| aura yaha jJAna zaMkhAdi cinhoM se hotA hai| nAbhi ke Upara zaMkha, padma, vajra, svastika, kalaza Adi jo zubha cinha hote haiM, usa jagaha ke AtmapradezoM meM hone vAle avadhijJAnAvaraNa tathA viryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama se guNapratyaya avadhijJAna hotA hai / kintu bhavapratyaya avadhi sampUrNa AtmapradezoM se hotA hai| kSayopazama nimitta avadhijJAna ke bheda aura svAmI kSayopazamanimittaH SaDvikalpaH zeSANAm / ( 22 ) (The other kind of visual or direct material knowledge is) of six kinds (and it) arises from the part destruction, part sub-sidence and part operation (of the Karmas which obscure visual or direct material knowledge) (This is acquired by the other i.e. by human and sub-human beings, who are passessed of mind. kSayopazama nimittaka avadhijJAna chaha prakAra kA hai| jo zeSa arthAt tiryaJcoM aura manuSyoM ke hotA hai| nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM isakA savistAra sundara varNana agra prakAra kiyA hai - guNa pratyaya avadhijJAna ke chaha bheda hai - I anugAmI II ananugAmI II avasthita IV anavasthita V vardhamAna VI hIyamAna / I. anugAmI :- jo avadhijJAna apane svAmI jIva ke sAtha jAye usako anugAmI kahate hai| isake tIna bheda haiM- (1) kSetrAnugAmI ( 2 ) bhavAnugAmI (3) ubhayAnugAmI / (1) kSetrAnugAmI - jo dUsare kSetra meM sAtha jAyeM usako kSetrAnugAmI kahate hai / ( 2 ) bhavAnugAmI - jo dUsare bhava meM sAtha jAye usako bhavAnugAmI kahate hai / ( 3 ) ubhayAnugAmI - jo dUsare kSetra tathA bhava meM sAtha jAye usako ubhayAnugAmI For Personal & Private Use Only 1 85

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kahate hai| II] ananugAmI :- jo avadhijJAna apane svAmI jIva ke sAtha na jAya usako ananugAmI kahate haiN| isake bhI tIna bheda hai - ( 1 ) kSetrAnanugAmI (2) bhavAnanugAmI ( 3 ) ubhayAnanugAmI / III avasthita :- jo sUryamaNDa kI taraha na ghaTe na bar3he usako avasthita kahate haiM / IV anavasthita:- jo candra maNDa kI taraha kabhI kama ho kabhI adhika ho use anavasthita kahate haiM / V vardhamAna :- jo zuklapakSa kI candra kI taraha apane antima sthAna taka bar3hatA jAye usako vardhamAna kahate haiM / VI hIyamAna :- jo kRSNapakSa ke candra kI taraha aMtima sthAna taka ghaTatA jAya usako mAna kahate hai / sAmAnyatayA avadhijJAna ke jo tIna bheda batAye hai, unameM se kevala guNa pratyaya dezAvadhijJAna ke hI anugAmI Adi chaha bheda huA karate haiN| bhava pratyaya avadhi niyama se dezAvadhi hI hotI hai aura paramAvadhi tathA sarvAvadhi niyama se guNapratyaya hI huA karate haiN| dezAvadhijJAna bhavapratyaya aura guNapratyaya donoM taraha kA hotA hai| bhavapaccaigo ohI, desohI hodi paramasavvohI / guNapaccaigo NiyamA, desohI vi ya guNe hodi // jIvakANDa bhAga 2 (373) darzanavizuddhi Adi guNoM ke nimitta se hone vAlA guNapratyaya avadhijJAna dezAvadhi paramAvadhi sarvAvadhi isa taraha tInoM prakAra kA hotA hai / kintu bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna niyama se dezAvadhirUpa hI huA karatA hai| 06 desohissa ya avaraM, Naratiriye hodi saMjadamhi varaM / paramohI savvohI, caramasarIrassa jaghanya dezAvadhijJAna saMyata tathA asaMyata donoM hI prakAra ke viradasya 11 (374) For Personal & Private Use Only manuSya tathA

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dezasaMyamI- saMyatAsaMyata tiryaJcoM ke hotA hai| utkRSTa dezAvadhijJAna saMyata jIvoM ke hI hotA hai| kintu paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi carama zarIrI mahAvratI ke hI hotA hai| paDivAdI desohI, appaDivAdI havaMti sesA o| micchataM aviramaNaM, Na ya paDivajjaMti crmduge||(375) dezAvadhijJAna pratipAtI hotA hai aura paramAvadhi tathA sarvAvadhi apratipAtI hote haiN| paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi vAle jIva niyama se mithyAtva aura avrata avasthA ko prApta nahIM hote| samyaktva aura cAritra se cyuta hokara mithyAtva aura aMsayama kI prApti ko pratipAta kahate haiN| isa taraha kA yaha pratipAta dezAvadhi vAle kA hI ho sakatA hai| paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi vAle kA nahIM hotaa| phalata: ye donoM antima avadhijJAna apratipAtI hI hai aura dezAvadhijJAna pratipAtI apratipAtI donoM hI taraha kA haiN| . manaH paryaya jJAna ke bheda __ Rjuvipulamatimana:paryayaH / (23) Mental knowledge (is of two kinds)Rjumati Simple direct knowledge of complex mental things e.g. of what a man is thinking of now along with what he as thought of it in the past and will think of it. Rjumati aura vipulamati, mana:paryayajJAna hai| para manogata rUpa padArtha ko jo jJAna prakAzAdi bAhya avalambana ke binA jAnA jAtA hai use mana:paryayajJAna kahate hai| isake 2 bheda haiN| (1) Rjumati mana:paryayajJAna (2) vipulamati mn:pryyjnyaan| Rju kA artha hai- sarala, siidhaa| vipula kA artha hai-kuttil| . . (1) Rjumati mana:paryayajJAna- dUsare ke managata sarala vacana, kAya aura manakRta artha ko jo mana:paryayajJAna jAnatA hai use Rjumati mana:paryayajJAna kahate sapazAnA . For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| athavA vartamAna managata viSaya ko jo jAnatA hai use Rjumati mana:paryayajJAna kahate hai| (2) vipulamati manaHparyayajJAna- dUsare ke managata trikAlavartI vacana, kAya aura manakRt artha viSaya ko jAnatA yA kuTila gata viSaya ko jAnatA hai use vipulamati mana:paryayajJAna kahate hai| tattvArtha sAra meM amRtacaMda sUri ne kahA bhI hai prkiiymnHsthaarthjnyaanmnyaanpekssyaa.| syAnmana:paryayo bhedau tasyarjuvipule mtii||(28) ' prathama adhikAra(pR.13) anya padArthoM kI apekSA ke binA dUsare ke mana meM sthita padArtha ko jAnanA mana:paryayajJAna hai| isake Rjumati aura vipula mati isa prakAra do bheda gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM AcArya nemicandra ne kahA _ "manaH paryayamAna kA svarUpa" ciMtiyamaciMtiyaM vA, adhdaM ciNtiymnneybheygyN| maNapajjavaM ti uccai, jaM jANai taM khu grloe|| __(438 pR.208) _ jisakA bhUtakAla meM cintavana kiyA ho, athavA jisakA bhaviSyat kAla meM cintavana kiyA jAyegA, athavA ardhacintita-vartamAna meM jisakA cintavana kiyA jA rahA hai, ityAdi aneka bhedasvarUpa dUsare ke mana meM sthita padArtha jisake dvArA jAnA jAya usa jJAna ko mana:paryayajJAna kahate haiN| yaha mana:paryayajJAna manuSya kSetra meM hI utpanna he bAhara nhiiN| mana:paryaya ke bheda maNapajjavaM ca duvihaM, ujuviulamadi tti ujumadI tivihaa| ujumaNavayaNe kAe, gadatthavisayA tti nniymenn|| (439) 88 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAnya kI apekSA mana:paryaya eka prakAra kA hai aura vizeSa bhedoM kI apekSA.do prakAra kA hai- eka Rjumati dUsarA vipulgti| Rjumati ke bhI tIna bheda haiM- RjumanogatArtha viSayaka, RjuvacanagatArthaviSayaka, Rjukaaygtaarthvissyk| parakIyamanogata hone para bhI jo saralatayA mana, vacana, kAya ke dvArA kiyA gayA ho aise padArtha ko viSaya karane vAle jJAna ko Rjumati jJAna kahate haiN| ataeva sarala mana, vacana, kAya ke dvArA kiye hue padArtha ko viSaya karane kI apekSA Rjumati ke pUrvokta tIna bheda haiN| viulamadI vi ya chaddhA, ujugaannujuvykaaycittgyN| atthaM jANadi jamhA, saddatthagayA hu taanntthaa|| (440) vipulamati ke chaha bheda haiM- Rju, mana, vacana, kAya ke dvArA kiye gaye parakIya manogata padArthoM ko viSaya karane kI apekSA tIna bheda, aura kuTila mana, vacana, kAya ke dvArA kiye hue parakIya manogata padArthoM ko viSaya karane kI apekSA tIna bhed| Rjumati tathA vipulamati mana:paryaya ke viSaya zabdagata tathA arthagata donoM hI prakAra ke hote haiN| . koI Akara pUche to usake mana kI bAta manaH paryaya jJAnI jAna sakatA hai| kadAcit koI na pUche maunapUrvaka sthita ho to bhI usake manaHstha viSaya ko vaha jAna sakatA hai| tiyakAlaviSayarUviM, ciMtiyaM vttttmaannjiivenn| - ujumadiNANaM jANadi, bhUdabhavissaM ca viulmdii||(441) vartamAna jIva ke dvArA cintayamAna - vartamAna meM jisakA citavana kiyA jA rahA hai aise trikAlaviSayaka rUpI padArtha ko Rjumati mana: paryayajJAna jAnatA hai aura vipulamatijJAna bhUta, bhaviSyat ko bhI jAnatA hai| ___ jisakA bhUtakAla meM cintavana kiyA ho athavA jisakA bhaviSya meM ciMtavana kiyA jAegA athavA vartamAna meM jisakA cintana ho rahA hai, aise tInoM hI prakAra ke padArtha ko vipula mati mana: paryayajJAna jAnatA hai| 89 For Personal & Private Use Only

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- savvaMgaaMgasaMbhavaciNhAduppajjade jahA / ohii| maNapajjavaM ca davvamaNAdo uppajjade nniymaa||(442) jisa prakAra avadhijJAna samasta aMga se athavA zarIra meM hone vAle zaMkhAdi zubha cinhoM se jJAna utpanna hotA hai usI taraha mana:paryayajJAna jahA~ para dravyamana hotA hai unhIM pradezoM se utpanna hotA hai| jahA~ para dravyamana hotA hai usa sthAna para jo AtmA ke pradeza hai vahIM se mana:paryayajJAna utpanna hotA hai| kintu bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna sarva aMga se hotA haiM aura guNa pratyaya avadhijJAna zaMkhAdika cinhoM ke sthAna se hI hotA hai| sAtha hI ina cinhoM kA sthAna dravyamAna kI taraha nizcita nahIM hai| yaha utpatti sthAna kI apekSA avadhi aura mana:paryayajJAna meM aMtara hai| dravyamana kA sthAna aura AkAra hidi hodi hu davvamaNaM, viyasiyaaTThacchadAraviMdaM vaa| aMgobagudayAdo, maNabaggaNakhaMdhado nniymaa||(443) aMgopAMga nAmakarma ke udaya se manovargaNA ke skandhoM ke dvArA hRdaya sthAna meM niyama se vikasita ATha pAMkhar3I ke kamala ke AkAra meM dravyamana utpanna hotA hai| NoiMdiyaM ti saNaNA, tassa have sesaiMdiyANaM vaa| vattattAbhAvAdo, maNamaNapajjaM ca tattha hve||(444) isa dravyamana kI noindriya saMjJA bhI hai, kyoMki dUsarI indriyoM kI taraha yaha vyakta nahIM hai| isa dravyamana ke nimitta se bhAvamana tathA mana:paryayajJAna utpanna hotA hai| mana: paryayajJAna kA svAmI maNapajjavaM ca NANaM, sattasu viradesu sttiddddhiinnN| egAdijudesu have, vddddhtvisitttthcrnnesu||(445) pramattAdi kSINakaSAyaparyanta sAta guNasthAnoM meM se kisI eka guNasthAna 90 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vAke, isa para bhI sAta RddhiyoM meM se kama se kama kisI bhI eka Rddhi ko dhAraNa karane vAle ke, Rddhi prApta meM bhI vardhamAna tathA viziSTa cAritra ko dhAraNa karane vAle ke hI yaha mana:paryayajJAna utpanna hotA hai| iMdiyaNoiMdiyajogAdiM pekkhittu ujumadI hodi / Niravekkhiya viulamadI, ohiM vA hodi Niyameva // (446) apane tathA parake sparzanAdi indriya aura mana tathA manoyoga, kAyayoga, vacanayoga kI apekSA se Rjumati manaH paryayajJAna utpanna hotA hai, arthAt vartamAna meM vicAra prApta sparzanAdi ke viSayoM ko Rjumati jAnatA hai / kintu vipulamati avadhi kI taraha inakI apekSA ke binA hI niyama se hotA hai / paDivAdI puNa paDhamA appaDivAdI hu hodi vidiyA hu / sudhdo paDhamo boho sudhdataro vidiyaboho du // (447) Rjumati pratipAtI hai; kyoMki Rjumati vAlA upazamaka tathA kSapaka donoM zreNiyoM para car3hatA hai| usameM yadyapi kSapaka kI apekSA Rjumati vAle kA patana nahIM hotA; tathApi upazama zreNi kI apekSA cAritra mohanIya karma kA udreka ho Ane ke kAraNa kadAcit usakA patana bhI sambhava hai / vipulamati sarvathA apratipAtI: hai| tathA Rjumati zudhda hai aura vipulamati isase bhI zudhdatama hotA hai arthAt donoM meM vipulamati kI vizuddhi pratipakSI karma ke kSayopazama vizeSa ke kAraNa adhika hai| paramaNasi TiThayamaTTha, IhAmadiNA ujuTiThayaM pacchA paccakkheNa ya, UjumadiNA jANade 448 Rjumati vAlA dUsare ke mana meM saralatA ke sAtha sthita padArtha ko pahale hAmatijJAna ke dvArA jAnatA hai, pIche pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai / lahiya / NiyamA // ciMtiyamaciMtiyaM vA, addhaM ciMtiyamaNeya bheya ohiM vA viulamadI, lahiUNa vijANae For Personal & Private Use Only gayaM / pacchA // (449) 91

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cintita, acintita, ardhacintita isa taraha aneka bhedoM ko prApta dUsare ke manogata padArtha ko avadhi kI taraha vipulamati pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai| davvaM khettaM kAlaM, bhAva paDijIvalakkhiyaM ruubi| ujuviulamadIM jANadi, avaravaraMmajjhimaM ca thaa||(450) dravya-kSetra-kAla bhAva meM se kisI kI bhI apekSA se jIva ke dvArA ciMtita rUpI (pudgala) dravya ko tathA usake sambandha se jIvadravya ko bhI Rjumati aura vipulamati jaghanya, madhyama, utkRSTa tIna-tIna prakAra jAnate haiN| Rjumati aura vipulamati meM antara vizuddhyapratipAtAmyAM vddhishessH| (24) Their difference (are as to) purity (and) infallibility. vizuddhi aura apratipAta kI apekSA ina donoM meM antara hai| Rjumati mana: paryaya aura vipulamati mana: paryaya jJAna ye donoM mana: paryayamAna ke antara bheda hote hue bhI ina donoM meM kucha vizeSa antara pAyA jAtA hai| vizuddhi- manaH paryaya jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hone para jo AtmA meM ___ nirmalatA AtI hai use vizuddhi kahate haiN| pratipAta- girane kA nAma pratipAta hai| apratipAta- nahIM giranA apratipAta hai| upazAnta kaSAya jIva kA cAritra mohanIya ke udaya se saMyama zikhara TUTa jAtA hai jisase pratipAta hotA hai aura kSINakaSAya jIva ke patana kA kAraNa na hone se pratipAta nahIM hotaa| ina donoM kI apekSA Rjumati aura vipulamati meM bheda hai| 1. vizuddhi- yathA Rjumati se vipulamati dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA vizuddhatara hai| yahA~ to kArmaNa dravya kA anantavA~ antima bhAga sarvArvAdhijJAna kA viSaya hai usake bhI ananta bhAga karane para jo antima bhAga prApta hotA hai vaha Rjumati kA viSaya hai| 92 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura isa Rjumati ke viSaya ke ananta bhAga karane para jo antima bhAga prApta hotA hai vaha vipulamati kA viSaya hai| ananta ke ananta bheda haiM ata: ye uttarottara sUkSma viSaya bana jAte haiN| isa prakAra dravya, kSetra aura kAla kI apekSA vizuddhi khii| bhAva kI apekSA vizuddhi uttarottara sUkSma dravya ko viSaya karanevAlA hone se hI jAna lenI cAhie kyoMki inakA uttarottara prakRSTa kSayopazama pAyA jAtA hai; isalie Rjumati se vipulamati meM vizuddhi adhika hotI hai| 2. apratipAta- apratipAta kI apekSA bhI vipalamati viziSTa hai: kyoMki isake svAmiyoM ke pravardhamAna cAritra pAyA jAtA hai| parantu Rjumati pratipAtI hai, kyoMki isake svAmiyoM ke kaSAya ke udaya se ghaTatA huA cAritra pAyA jAtA hai| gommaTTasAra meM bhI isakA varNana nimna prakAra pAyA jAtA haigAupapudhattamavaraM ukkassaM hodi jaayennpudhttN| . viulamadissaM ya avaraM tassa pudhattaM varaM khu grloyN||(455) Rjumati kA jaghanya kSetra do tIna kosa aura utkRSTa sAta ATha yojana hai| vipulamatikA jaghanya kSetra ATha nava yojana tathA utkRSTa manuSyaloka pramANa Naraloetti ya vayaNaM vikkhaMbhaNiyAmayaM Na vttttss| jamhA . tagghaNapadaraM maNapajjavakhettamuddiTuM(456) . mana: paryaya ke utkRSTa kSetrakA pramANa jo naralokapramANa kahA hai so naraloka isa zabda se manuSya loka viSkambha grahaNa karanA cAhiye loka vRtta ; kyoMki dUsare ke dvArA ciMtita aura mAnuSottara parvata ke bAhara sthita padArtha ko bhI vipulamati jAnatA hai ; kyoMki mana: paryayajJAna kA utkRSTa kSetra samacaturastra ghanapratararUpa paiMtAlIsa lAkha yojana pramANa hai| 93 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dugatigabhavA hu avaraM sattaTThabhavA havaMti ukkassaM / aDaNavabhavA hu avara masaMkhejjaM viulaukkassaM / (457) kAla kI apekSA se Rjumati kA viSaya bhUta jaghanya kAla do-tIna kAla bhava aura utkRSTa sAta ATha bhava tathA vipulamati kA jaghanya ATha nau bhava aura utkRSTa palya ke asaMkhyAtaveM meM bhAga pramANa hai| AvaliasaMkhabhAgaM avaraM ca varaM ca varamasaMkhaguNaM / tatto asaMkhaguNidaM asaMkhalogaM tu viulamadI / (458) bhAva kI apekSA se Rjumati kA jaghanya tathA utkRSTa pramANa asaMkhyAtaguNA hai / vipulamati kA jaghanyapramANa Rjumati ke utkRSTa viSaya se asaMkhyAtaguNA hai, aura utkRSTa viSaya asaMkhyAta loka pramANa hai| avadhijJAna aura manaH paryaya jJAna meM vizeSatA vizuddhi kSetra svAmiviSayebhyo'vadhi manaH paryayoya: / ( 25 ) Between Visual and Mential knowledge the (Telepathy) differences relate to their purity, place person of inherence and subject-matter. vizuddhi, kSetra, svAmI aura viSaya kI apekSA avadhijJAna aura mana: paryayajJAna meM bheda haiN| avadhijJAna evam manaH paryayajJAna donoM dezapratyakSa hote hue bhI donoM meM kucha antara pAyA jAtA hai| pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ko vizuddhi kahate haiN| jJAtA (jAnane vAlA) jahA~ ke kSetra ko jAnatA hai use kSetra kahate haiM / jAnane vAle ko svAmI kahate haiN| jJAtA jisako jAnatA hai use viSaya kahate haiN| 94 vizuddhi - donoM jJAnoM meM avadhijJAna se mana:paryayajJAna vizuddhatara hai kyoM ki mana:paryayajJAna kA viSaya sUkSma hai| avadhijJAna, jisa rUpI dravya ko jAnatA hai unake ananta veM bhAga rUpI dravya ko mana:paryayajJAna jAnatA hai / sarvAvadhijJAna ko anantavAM bhAga manaH paryaya jJAna jAnatA hai| kSetra - avadhijJAna kI utpatti kA kSetra samasta trasa nAr3I hai| kintu manaH paryaya jJAna manuSya loka meM hI utpanna hone se manuSya loka, aDhAI dvIpa athavA For Personal & Private Use Only

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45 lAkha yojana isakA pramANa hai| svAmI- manaH paryaya jJAna pramatasaMyata se lekara kSINakaSAya guNasthAna taka ke utkRSTa cAritra guNa se yukta jIvoM ke hI pAyA jAtA hai| vahA~ utpanna hotA huA bhI vaha varddhamAna cAritra vAle jIvoM ke hI utpanna hotA hai, ghaTate hue cAritra vAloM ke nhiiN| vardhamAna cAritra vAle jIvoM meM utpanna huA bhI sAta prakAra kI RddhiyoM meM se eka Rddhi ko prApta hue jIvoM ke hI utpanna hote hai anya ke nhiiN| Rddhi prApta jIvoM meM bhI kinhI ke hI utpanna hotA hai sabake nahIM, isa prakAra sUtra meM isakA svAmI vizeSa yA viziSTa saMyama kA grahaNa prakRta hai| parantu avadhijJAna cAroM gati ke jIvoM ke hotA hai, isa lie svAmiyoM ke bheda se bhI inameM aMtara hai| viSaya :- avadhijJAna ke viSaya kA kSetra samasta loka hai kintu mana:paryayajJAna ke viSaya kA kSetra paitAlIsa lAkha yojana kA ghana rUpa hI hai| itane kSetra meM sthita apane yogya viSaya ko hI ye jJAna jAnate hai| . mati aura zrutajJAna kA viSaya matizrutayornibandho drvyessvsrvpryaayessu| (26) The-subject matter of sensitive and scriptural knowledge is all the six substances but not in all their modifications. matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kI pravRtti kucha paryAyoM se yukta saba dravyoM meM hotI haiN| matijJAna evaM zrutajJAna kI pravRti jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza va kAlAdi sarva dravyoM meM hotI haiM parantu usakI saba paryAyoM meM nahIM hotii| parantu kucha paryAyoM meM hotI hai| ina donoM jJAna kA viSaya sarvadravya kI anantaparyAyeM nahIM parantu kucha paryAyeM hotI hai| kyoMki matijJAna cakSa Adi indriyoM ke avalambanabhata hai| isaliye jisa dravya meM rUpAdi hai usI ko jAnate haiM, sarvaparyAyoM ko nahIM jAna skte| arthAt 95 For Personal & Private Use Only

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matijJAna cakSurAdi indriyoM se utpanna hotA hai aura rUpAdi ko viSaya karatA hai| ata: svabhAvata: vaha rUpI dravyoM ko jAnakara bhI unakI kucha sthUlaparyAyoM ko hI jaanegaa| zrutajJAna bhI prAya: zabdanimittaka hotA hai aura dravya paryAyeM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, anaMta bhedarUpa hai- ata: ve asaMkhyAta zabda paryAyoM ko hI kaha sakate haiN| kahA bhI hai "paNNavaNijjA bhAvA aNaMta bhAgo du annbhilppaannN| paNNavaNijjANaM puNa aNaMta bhAgo sudnnibddho"|| . zabdoM ke dvArA prajJApanIya padArthoM se vacanAtIta padArtha anaMta gune haiM arthAt anantavA~ bhAga padArtha prajJApanIya haiM, aura jitane prajJApanIya padArtha haiM usake anantaveM bhAga padArtha zruta meM nibaddha hote haiN| atIndriya padArthoM meM matijJAna kI pravRti kA abhAva hone se 'sarvadravya paryAya' zabda yukta nahIM hai; aisA nahIM kahanA kyoMki mana kA viSaya sarvadravya ho sakatA hai| prazna- atIndriya hone se dharmAstikAyAdi dravyoM ko matijJAna nahIM jAna sakatA ata: matizruta kA viSaya sarvadravya nibandha hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM uttara- yadyapi dharma, adharma, AkAzadi, arUpI padArtha atIndriya hone se indriyakA viSaya nahIM hai tathApi mAnasa matijJAna kA viSaya hote haiM - no indriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamalabdhi kI apekSA matijJAna kA dharmAdi dravyoM meM vyApAra hotA hai arthAt matijJAna dharmAdi dravyoM ko jAnate hai, yadi mAnasajJAna se atIndriya padArthoM ko nahIM jAnate to avadhijJAna ke sAtha matijJAna kA nirdeza karate ki rUpI padArthoM ko hI matijJAna jAnatA hai| avadhijJAna kA viSaya ruupissvvdheH| (27) Matter (and embodied soul are the subject matter) of visual knowledge, but not in all their modifications. 96 For Personal & Private Use Only

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avadhijJAna kI pravRtti rUpI padArthoM meM hotI hai| ___ avadhijJAna pratyakSa jJAna hote hue bhI dezapratyakSa hai kyoMki avadhijJAna, avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hone ke kAraNa isakI zakti sImita hai isalie sImA sahita hone ke kAraNa avadhi kahate haiN| vaha avadhijJAna rUpI dravya arthAt pudgala dravya ko hI jAnatA hai| jahA~ rUpa hogA vahA~ sparza, rasa, gaMdha bhI hogA aura jo sparza rasa gaMdha vAlA hai vahAM pudgala hai| avadhijJAna pudgala kI ananta paryAyoM ko nahIM jAnatA parantu kucha paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai| vaha avadhijJAna jIva ke audayika, aupazamika aura kSayopazAmika bhAvoM ko viSaya karatA hai| kyoMki inameM rUpI karma kA sambandha hai tathA rUpI karma ke sambandha kA abhAva hone se kSAyika bhAva, pAriNAmika bhAva tathA dharmAdi dravyoM ko avadhijJAna viSaya nahIM krtaa| avadhijJAna inako nahIM jaantaa| manaHparyayajJAna kA viSaya tadanantabhAge manaH pryysy| (28) The infinitesimal part or the subtlest from of that (which can be known by the highest visual knowledge is the subject matter) of mental knowledge. manaHparyayajJAna kI pravRtti avadhijJAna ke viSaya ke anantaveM bhAga meM hotI hai| - jo rUpI dravya sarvAvadhijJAna kA viSaya hai usake bhAga karane para usake eka bhAga meM mana:paryayajJAna pravRtta hotA hai| sUkSmatA kI upekSA avadhijJAna kA sarvotkRSTa bheda sarvAvAdhijJAna paramANu taka ko jAnatA hai| mana:paryayajJAna kA viSaya avadhijJAna ke viSaya se anantaveM bhAga hai arthAt avadhijJAna paramANu ko jAnatA hai to mana: paryayajJAna paramANu ke bhI anantaveM bhAga ko jAnatA hai| yadyapi paramANu svayaM avibhAgI eka pradezI dravya hai tathApi sUkSmatA ko batalAne ke lie usameM ananta bhAgoM kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| yadi paramANu ke ananta bhAga kiye jAveM to unameM se eka bhAga ko mana: paryayajJAna jAna sakatA hai| (zakti ke aMza) 97 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kevalajJAna kA viSaya sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevlsy| (29) (The subject matter) of perfect knowledge (is) all the substances (and all their) modifications. kevalajJAna kI pravRtti saba dravya aura unakI saba paryAyoM meM hotI hai| pratyeka jIva meM ananta jJAna, darzana, sukha vIryAdi ananta guNa haiN| parantu jaise- dhane bAdala ke kAraNa sUrya udita rahate hue bhI sUrya kI razmi chipa jAtI hai| usI prakAra karmarUpI dhane bAdala ke kAraNa jJAna razmi tirohita ho jAtI hai, jisase jIva alpajJa ho jAtA hai| parantu jaise-jitane-jitane aMza meM bAdala haTatA jAtA hai utane-utane aMza meM sUrya razmi pragaTa hotI jAtI hai usI prakAra jitane-jitane aMza meM jJAnAvaraNIya karmarUpI bAdala haTatA jAtA hai utane-utane aMza meM jJAnarUpI sUrya razmi pragaTa hotI jAtI hai| jaise- sampUrNa bAdala sUrya ke sAmane haTa jAtA hai taba sUrya razmi pUrNarUpa se pragaTa ho jAtA hai usI taraha sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma haTa jAtA hai taba sampUrNa jJAna razmi pragaTa ho jAtI hai| ise hI kevalajJAna kahate haiN| yaha kevala jJAna trikAlavartI samasta loka aloka ko prakAzita karatA hai| AcArya amRtacandrasUri ne purUSArthasiddhiupAya meM kahA hai tajjayati paraM jyoti: samaM samastai rnntpryaayaiH| darpaNatala iva sakalA pratiphalati padArthamAlikA ytr||(1) (pR.u.) jisameM saMpUrNa aMnataparyAyoM se sahita samasta padArthoM kI mAlA arthAt samUha darpaNa ke tala bhAga ke samAna jhalakatI hai, vaha utkRSTa jyoti arthAt kevalajJAna rUpI prakAza jayavaMta ho| saMpuNNaM tu samaggaM, kevalamasavatta svvbhaavgyN| loyAloyavitimiraM, kevalaNANaM muNedavvaM // (460) (go.jI 214) yaha kevalajJAna, sampUrNa, kevala pratipakSa rahita, sarva padArtha gata aura 98 For Personal & Private Use Only

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lokAloka meM andhakAra rahita hotA hai| yaha jJAna samasta padArthoM ko jie: karane vAlA hai aura lokAloka ke viSaya meM AvaraNa rahita hai| tathA jIva dravya ke jitane aMza hai ve yahAM para sampUrNa vyakta ho gae haiM, isalie usako (kevalajJAna ko) sampUrNa kahate haiN| mohanIya aura vIryAntarAya kA sarvathA kSaya ho jAne ke kAraNa vaha apratihata zakti yukta hai, aura nizcala hai ataeva usako samagra kahate haiN| indriyoM kI sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA isalie kevala kahate haiN| cAroM ghAtikarmoM ke sarvathA kSaya se utpanna hone ke kAraNa vaha kramakaraNa aura vyavadhAna se rahita hai, phalata: yugapat aura samasta padArthoM ke grahaNa karane meM usakA koI bAdhaka nahIM hai, isalie usako asapatna (pratipakSarahita) kahate haiN| asahAyaM svarUpotthaM niraavrnnmkrmm| ghAtikarmakSayotpannaM kevalaM srvbhaavgm||(30) (ta.sA.pR.15) jo kisI bAhya padArtha kI sahAyatA se rahita ho, Atma-svarUpa se utpanna ho, AvaraNa se rahita ho, kramarahita ho, ghAtiyA karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna huA ho tathA samasta padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA ho, use kevalajJAna kahate haiN| .eka jIva ke eka sAtha kitane jJAna ho sakate hai ? ekadIni bhAjyAni yugpdeksminnaacturthyH| (30) Beginning form the first onwards in one (should) (at) a time as to their distribution (there can be found) upto four (kinds of knowledge.) - eka jIva meM eka sAtha eka ko Adi lekara cAra jJAna taka vibhakta karane ke yogya hai arthAt ho sakate haiN| eka sAtha eka AtmA meM eka se lagAkara cAra jJAna taka ho sakate haiN| yathA-yadi eka jJAna hotA hai to kevalajJAna hotA hai| usake sAtha dUsare kSayopazamika jJAna eka sAtha nahIM raha skte| do hote haiM to matijJAna aura zrutajJAna hote haiN| tIna hote hai to matijJAna, zrutajJAna aura avadhijJAna yA matijJAna, 99 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zrutajJAna aura mana: paryaya jJAna hote haiN| tathA cAra hote haiN| to matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaH paryayajJAna hote haiN| eka sAtha pA~ca jJAna nahIM hote, kyoMki kevalajJAna asahAya hai| tathA sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se pragaTa hotA hai| isaliye kSAyika jJAna kahA jAtA hai| kSAyika tathA kSAyopazamika jJAna eka sAtha nahIM rahatA haiN| __ mati zruta aura avadhijJAna meM mithyApana matizrutAvadhayo vipryyshc| (31) And sensitive scriptural visual (knowledge are also) wrong (knowledge). - mati, zruta aura avadhi ye tInoM viparyaya bhI hai| jJAna kA kArya jAnanA hai| parantu jaba jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA udaya hotA hai taba jJAna kI zakti kuMThita ho jAtI hai, parantu viparIta nahIM hotI hai| kintu mohanIya karma ke udaya se jJAna viparIta rUpa meM pariNamana kara letA hai| amRtacandra sUri ne kahA bhI hai matiH zrutAvadhI caiva mithyaatvsmvaayinH| mithyAjJAnAni kathyante na tu teSAM pramANatA // (35) mati, zruta aura avadhi ye tIna jJAna yadi mithyAtva ke sAtha sambandha rakhane vAle haiM to mithyAjJAna kahe jAte haiM aura usa dazA meM unameM pramANatA nahIM mAnI jaatii| (tattvArthasAra, pR. 16) micchattA aNNANaM aviradibhAvo ya bhaavaavrnnaa| NeyaM paDucca kAle taha duNNaya duppamANaM c||(6) (paMcAstikAga prAbhRta) pR. 147 dravya mithyAtva ke udaya se jJAna, ajJAna rUpa arthAt kumati, kuzruta va vibhaMgajJAna rUpI hotA hai tathA vrata rahita bhAva bhI hotA hai| isa taraha tattvArtha zraddhAnurUpa bhAva samyagdarzana va bhAva saMyama kA AvaraNa rUpa bhAva hotA hai taise hI mithyAtva ke udaya se jJeyarUpa jIvAdi padArthoM ko Azraya karake tattva vicAra ke samaya meM sunaya durnaya ho jAtA hai va pramANa duHpramANa ho jAtA hai| 100 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aNNANatiyaM hodi hu, saNNANatiyaM khu micchaaannudye| Navari vibhaMga NANaM pNcidiysnnnnipunnnnev|| (301) ajJAnatrikaM bhavati khalu sadajJAnatrikaM khalu mithyaatvnodye| navati vibhagaM jJAnaM paMcendriyasaMjJipUrNa ev|| (301) Adi ke tIna (mati, zruta, avadhi) jJAna samIcIna bhI hote haiM aura mithyA bhI hote haiN| jJAna ke mithyA hone kA antaraMga kAraNa mithyAtva tathA anantAnubandhIkaSAya kA udaya hai| mithyA avadhi ko vibhaMga bhI kahate haiN| isameM yaha vizeSatA hai ki yaha vibhaMgajJAna saMjJI paryApta paMcendriya ke hI hotA visaMjatakUDapaMjarabaMdhAdisu nninnuveskrnnenn| jA khalu paTTai maI, maiaNNANeti NaM beNti|(303) viSayantrakUTapaMjarabaMdhAdiSu vinopdeshkrnnen| yA khalu. pravartate mati: matyajJAnamiti idaM bruvnti|(303) dUsare ke upadeza ke binA hI viSa yaMtra kUTa paMjara tathA baMdha Adi ke viSaya meM jo buddhi pravRta hotI hai usako matyajJAna kahate haiN| jisake khAne se jIva mara sake usa dravya ko viSa kahate haiN| bhItara paira rakhate hI jisake kivAr3a banda ho jAyeM aura jisake bhItara bakarI Adi ko bA~dhakara siMha Adi ko pakar3A jAtA hai usako yaMtra kahate haiN| jisase cUhe vagairaha pakar3e jAte haiM, usako kUTa kahate haiN| rassI meM gA~Tha lagAkara jo jAla banAyA jAtA hai usako paMjara kahate haiN| hAthI Adi ko pakar3ane ke lie jo gaDr3he Adika banAye jAte haiM unako bandha kahate haiN| ityAdi padArthoM meM dUsare ke upadeza ke binA jo buddhi pravRta hotI hai usako matyajJAna kahate haiM, kyoMki upadeza pUrvaka hone se vaha jJAna zrutajJAna kahA jaayegaa| . .101 For Personal & Private Use Only

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AbhIyamAsurakkhaM, 1 tucchA asAhaNIyA, suya aNNANeti NaM beMti / (304) AbhItamAsurakSaM tucchA asAdhanIyA zrutajJAnamiti idaM bruvandi / (304) artha- caurazAstra, tathA hiMsAzAstra,... paramArthazUnya ataeva anAdaraNIya upadezoM ko mithyAzrutajJAna kahate haiN| 'Adi' zabda se sabhI hiMsAdi pApa karmoM ke vidhAyaka tapa asamIcIna tattva ke pratipAdaka granthoM ko kuzruta aura unake jJAna ko zrutajJAna samajhanA cAhiye / vivarIyamohiNANaM, khaovasamiyaM ca kammabIjaM ca / vibhaMgo tti pauccaDU, samattaNANINa samayamhi / (305) viparitamavacijJAnaM kSAyopazmikaM ca karmmabIjaM ca / vibhaMga iti procyate samAptajJAninAM samaye / (305) sarvajJoM ke upadiSTa Agama meM viparita avadhijJAna ko 'vibhaMga' kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM- eka kSAyopazamika, dUsarA bhavapratyaya / deva nArakiyoM ke viparIta avadhijJAna ko bhavapratyaya vibhaMga kahate haiM aura manuSya tathA tiryaMcoM ke viparIta avadhijJAna ko kSAyopazima vibhaMga kahate haiM / isa vibhaMga kA ataraMga karaNa mithyAtva AdikaM karma hai| 'vibhaMga' zabda kA nirUktisiddha artha yaha hai ki mithyAtva yA anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke udaya se avadhijJAna kI viziSTatA samIcInatA kA bhaMga hokara usameM ayathArthatA A jAtI hai, isalie usako 'vibhaMga' kahate hai isako karma bIja isalie kahA hai ki mithyAtvAdi karmoM ke bandha kA vaha kAraNa hai / parantu sAtha hI 'ca' zabda kA uccAraNa karake yaha bhI sUcita kara diyA gayA hai ki kadAcit narakAdi gatiyoM meM pUrvabhava kA jJAna karAkara vaha samyakatva utpatti meM bhI nimitta ho jAtA hai| sadasatoravizeSAdyadRcchopalabdherUnmattavat (32) From tack of discrimination of the real, and the unreal (the soul with 102 For Personal & Private Use Only *

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wrong knowledge) like a lunatic, knows things according to his own whims. vAstavika aura avAstavika ke antara ke binA 'yadRcchopalabdhi' (jaba jaisA rUpa AyA usa rUpa grahaNa hone) ke kAraNa unmatta kI taraha jJAna bhI ajJAna hI hai| jJeya ke anurUpa jo jJAna hotA hai use 'samyagjJAna' kahate haiM / jJeya ke anurUpa jo jJAna nahIM hotA use 'mithyAjJAna' kahate haiN| jaba jIvoM kA zraddhAna viparIta hotA hai taba jJAna bhI viparIta ho jAtA hai / prakRta meM 'sat' kA artha vidyamAna aura 'asat' kA artha avidyamAna hai| inakI vizeSatA na karake icchAnusAra . grahaNa karane se viparyaya hotA hai| kadAcit rUpAdika vidyamAna hai to bhI unheM avidyamAna mAnatA hai aura kadAcit avidyamAna vastu ko bhI vidyamAna kahatA hai / kadAcit sat ko sat aura asat ko asat hI mAnatA hai| yaha saba nizcaya mithyAdarzana ke udaya se hotA hai| jaise pitta ke udaya se Akulita buddhi vAlA manuSya mAtA ko bhAryA aura bhAryA ko mAtA mAnatA hai| jaba apanI icchA kI lahara ke anusAra mAtA ko mAtA aura bhAryA ko bhAryA hI mAnatA hai taba bhI vaha jJAna samyagjJAna nahIM hai / isI prakAra matyAdika kA bhI rUpAdika meM viparyaya jAnanA cAhie / khulAsA isa prakAra hai - isa AtmA meM sthita koI mithyAdarzana rUpa pariNAma rUpAdika kI upalabdhi hone para bhI kAraNa viparyAsa, bhedAbhedaviparyAsa aura svarUpaviparyAsa ko utpanna karatA rahatA hai| kAraNa viparyAsa- yathA koI mAnate haiM ki rUpAdika kA eka kAraNa hai jo amUrta aura nitya hai / koI mAnate haiM ki pRthvI jAti ke paramANu alaga hai aura cAra guNa vAleM haiN| jala jAti ke paramANu alaga hai jo tIna guNa vA haiN| agni jAti ke paramANu alaga hai jo do guNa vAle haiM aura vAyu jAti ke paramANu alaga haiM jo eka guNa vAle haiN| tathA ye paramANu apane samAna jAtIya kAryahI utpanna karate haiN| koI kahate haiM ki pRthvI Adi cAra bhUta haiM aura ina bhUtoM ke varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza ye bhautika dharma hai| ina sabake samudAya ko eka rUpa paramANu yA aSTaka kahate haiN| koI kahate hai ki pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyu ye krama se kaThinyAdi, dravatvAdi, uSNatvAdi aura IraNavAdi For Personal & Private Use Only 103

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guNa vAle alaga-alaga jAti ke paramANu hokara kArya ko utpanna karate haiN| bhedAbhedaviparyAsa- yathA kAraNa se kArya ko sarvathA bhinna yA sarvathA abhinna maannaa| svarUpaviparyAsa- yathA-rUpAdika nirvikalpa hai, yA rUpAdika hai hI nahIM, yA rUpAdika ke AkArarUpa se pariNata huA vijJAna hI hai usakA AlambanabhUta aura koI bAhya padArtha nahIM hai| isI prakAra mithyAdarzana ke udaya se jIva pratyakSa aura anumAna ke virUddha nAnA prakAra kI kalpanAe~ karate haiM aura unameM zraddhAna utpanna karate haiN| isalie inakA yaha jJAna matyajJAna, zrutAjJAna yA vibhaMga jJAna hotA hai| kintu samyagdarzana tattvArtha ke jJAna meM zraddhAna utpanna karatA hai ata: isa prakAra kA jJAna matijJAna, zrutajJAna aura avadhijJAna hotA hai| nayoM ke bheda naigmsNgrhvyvhaarrjusuutrshbdsmbhiruudvaivNbhuutaanyaaH| (33) The points of view (are): figurative, general, distributive, actual descriptive, specific, active. . naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samambhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta ye sAta naya hai| pratyeka dravya ananta guNa paryAyAtmaka hai| ataeva usake jAnane ke upAya bhI aneka haiN| kevalI bhagavAna kA jJAna ananta hone ke kAraNa kevalI bhagavAna ananta kevalajJAna ke mAdhyama se dravya ke ananta guNa-paryAya ko jAna lete haiN| tathApi kevalI bhagavAna dravya ke ananta guNa paryAya ko eka sAtha batA nahIM sakate haiN| isalie bhagavAna bhI saptabhaMgI rUpa se dravya kA pratipAdana karate haiN| chadmastha jIva to dravya ke ananta guNa paryAya ko na to eka sAtha jAna sakate haiM aura na hI pratipAdita kara sakate haiN| isalie chadmastha jIva vizeSakara naya kA Avalambana karake vastu ke svarUpa kA parisAna karate haiN| isake vizeSa parijJAna ke lie mere dvArA (kanaka nadI) racita anekAnta darzana kA avalokana kreN| yahAM para tatvArtha sAra ke anusAra nayoM kA varNana kara rahe haiN| 104 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vastuno'nantadharmasya pramANavyajjitAtmanaH / ekadezasya netA yaH sa nayo'nekadhA mataH // (37) pramANa ke dvArA jisakA svarUpa prakaTa hai aisI anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke eka deza ko jo jAnatA hai vaha naya hai| naya aneka prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| saMsAra kA pratyeka padArtha nitya-anitya, eka aneka, bheda abheda Adi paraspara virodha aneka dharmoM kA bhaNDAra hai aisA pramANa jJAna ke dvArA anubhava meM AtA hai| una ananta dharmoM meM se jo kisI eka dharma ko jAnatA hai vaha naya kahalAtA hai| isa naya ke aneka bheda haiM / naigamanaya kA lakSaNa (ta.sA. pR. 17 ) arthasaMkalpamAtrasya prasthaudanAdijastasya grAhako naigamo nayaH / viSayaH parikIrtitaH / / (44) jo naya padArtha ke saMkalpamAtra ko grahaNa karatA hai vaha 'naigamanaya' hai| jaise koI manuSya jaMgala ko jA rahA thA, usase kisI ne pUchA ki jaMgala kisaliye jA rahe ho ? usane uttara diyA ki prastha lAne jA rahA huuN| prastha eka parimANa kA nAma hai| jaMgala meM prastha nahIM milatA hai / vahA~ se lakar3I lAkara prastha banAyA jAvegA, parantu jaMgala jAne vAlA vyakti uttara detA hai ki prastha lAne ke liye jA rahA huuN| yahA~ prastha ke saMkalpamAtra ko grahaNa karane se naigamanaya kA vaha viSaya mAnA gayA hai| dUsarA dRSTAnta odana kA hai| koI manuSya lakar3I, pAnI, agni Adi ekatrita kara rahA thaa| usase kisI ne pUchA kyA kara rahe ho ? uttara diyA, odana arthAt bhAta banA rahA huuN| yadyapi usa samaya vaha bhAta nahIM banA rahA thA, sirpha sAmagrI ekatrita kara rahA thA to bhI bhAta kA saMkalpa hone se usakA vaha uttara naigamanaya kA viSaya svIkRta kiyA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 105

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saMgrahanaya kA lakSaNa bhedenaikyamupAnIya svaajaatervirodhtH| samastagrahaNaM yasmAtsa nayaH saMgraho mt||(45) apanI jAti kA virodha na karate hue bheda dvArA ekatva ko prApta kara samasta padArtho kA grahaNa jisase hotA haiM vaha saMgrahanaya mAnA gayA haiN| jaise sat, dravya aura ghaTa aadi| arthAt sat ke kahane se samasta saMto kA grahaNa hotA hai, dravya ke kahane se samasta dravyoM kA saMgraha hotA haiM aura ghaTa ke kahane se samasta ghaToM kA bodha hotA hai| saMgrahanaya meM avAntara vizeSatAoM ko gauNa kara sAmAnya ko viSaya kiyA jAtA haiN| vyavahAranaya kA lakSaNa saMgraheNa gRhItAnAmarthAnAM vidhipuurvkH| vyavahAro bhavedyasmAd vyavahAranayastu sH||(46) saMgrahanaya ke dvArA grahaNa kiye hue padArthoM meM vidhipUrvaka bheda karanA vyahAranaya hai| jaise sat ke do bheda haiM- dravya aura gunn| dravya ke do bheda haiM - jIva dravya aura ajIva drvy| ghaTake do bheda haiM - pArthiva (miTTI kA) aura apArthiva (miTTI bhinna dhAtuoM se nirmita) RjusUtranaya kA lakSaNa RjusUtraH sa vijJeyo yena pryaaymaatrkm| vartamAnaikasamayaviSayaM prigrhyte||(47) jisake dvArA vartamAna eka samaya kI paryAya grahaNa kI jAve use 'RjusUtranaya' kahate hai| zabdanaya kA lakSaNa liGgasAdhanasaMkhyAnAM kaalopgrhyostthaa| vyabhicAranivRttiH syAdyata: zabdanayo hi sH||(48) jisase liGga, sAdhana, saMkhyA, kAla aura upagraha ke vyabhicAra kI nivRtti 106 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hotI hai vaha zabdanaya hai| liGga vyabhicAra-jaise 'puSya: tArakA aura nksstrm|' ye bhinna-bhinna liGga ke zabda hai, inakA milAkara prayoga karanA liGga vyabhicAra hai| sAdhana-vyabhicAra- jaise, 'senA parvatama dhivasati' senA parvata para hai, yahA~ adhikaraNa kAraNa meM saptamI vibhakti honI cAhiye, para 'adhiM upasarga parvaka vasdhAtu kA prayoga hone se dvitIyA vibhakti kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| saMkhyA vyabhicAra-jaise, jala, ApaH, varSA RtuH, AmrAH, vanam, vAraNA: nagaram' yahA~ eka vacanAnta aura bahuvacanAnta zabdoM kA vizeSaNa vizeSa rUpa se prayoga kiyA gayA haiM kAlavyabhicAra- jaise, 'vizvadRzvAsya putro janitA' isakA putra vizvadRzvA hogaa| jisane vizva ko dekha liyA hai vaha vizvadRzvA kahalAtA hai yahA~ 'vizvadRzvA' isa bhUtakAlika kartA kA 'janitA' isa bhaviSyat-kAlika kriyA ke sAtha sambandha joDA gayA hai| jaise- 'satiSThate, pratiSThate, viramati, uparamati Adi' yahA parasmaipadI 'sthA dhAtu kA 'sam aura 'pra' upasarga ke kAraNa AtmaneSada meM prayoga huA hai tathA 'rama' isa AtmanepadI dhAtu kA 'vi' aura 'upa' upasarga ke kAraNa parasmaipada meM prayoga huA hai| loka meM yadyapi aise prayoga hote haiM tathApi isa prakAra ke vyavahAra ko zabdanaya anucita * mAnatA hai| samabhirUDhanaya kA lakSaNa jJeyaH samabhirUDho'sau zabdo yadvi SayaH shi| .. . ekasminnabhirUDho'rthe nAnArthAn samatItya yH||(49) jahA~ zabda nAMnA arthoM kA allaGgana kara kisI eka artha meM rUr3ha hotA hai use samabhirUDhanaya jAnanA caahie| jaise 'go:' yahA~ 'go' zabda, vANI Adi arthoM ko gauNakara gAya artha meM rUDha ho gayA hai| 107 For Personal & Private Use Only

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evambhUtanaya kA lakSaNa zabda jisa rUpa meM pracalita hai usakA usI rUpa meM jo naya nizcaya karAtA hai mAnanIya muni use 'evambhUtanaya' kahate haiN| jaise indraMzabda kA vyutpatyartha 'indatIti indra' aizvarya kA anubhava karane vAlA hai isaliye yaha naya indra ko usI samaya indra kahegA jabaki vaha aizvarya kA anubhava kara rahA hogA, abhiSeka yA pUjana karate samaya indra ko indra nahIM khegaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki samabhirUDhanaya. : zabda ke vAcyArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai aura evaM bhUtanaya nirUkta artha ko / prakArAntara se naya ke bheda evaM svarUpa kA varNana yahA~ de rahe hai| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika naya kA svarUpa dravyaparyAyarUpasya sakalasyApi nayAvaMzena dvau zabdo yenAtmanAbhUtastenaivAdhyavasAyayet / yo nayo munayo mAnyAstamevaMbhUtamabhyadhuH / / (50) 108 netArau anupravRttiH sAmAnyaM dravyaM nayastadviSayoyaH syAjjJeyo vyAvRtizca vizeSazca paryAyaviSayo yastu sa vastuna: / dravyaparyAyArthikau // (38) saMsAra kI sabhI vastue~ dravya aura paryAyarUpa haiN| vastu kI ina donoM rUpatA ko eka aMza se grahaNa karane vAle dravyArthika aura paryAyArthikanaya hai| arthAt jaba vastu kI dravyarUpatA ko grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai taba dravyArthika naya kA udaya hotA hai / aura jaba vastu kI paryAyarUpatA ko grahaNa kiyA jAtA. hai taba paryAyArthika kA udaya hotA hai| anupravRti sAmAnya aura dravya ye tInoM zabda ekArthavAcI haiM arthAt tInoM kA eka hI artha hotA hai| jo naya inheM viSaya karatA hai vaha dravyArthika naya hai / vyAvRtti, vizeSa aura paryAya ye tInoM zabda ekArthavAcI haiN| jo naya paryAya ko viSaya karatA hai vaha paryAyArthikanaya kahalAtA hai| (pR.17) caikArthavAcakAH / dravyArthiko hi saH // (39) paryAyazcaikavAcakAH / paryAyArthiko mataH // ( 40 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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dravyArthikanaya ke bheda zuddhazuddhArthasaMgrAhI tridhA dravyArthiko nyH| naigamasaMgrahazcaiva vyavahArazca saMsmRtaH / / (41) zuddha aura azuddha arthako grahaNa karane vAlA dravyarthikanaya tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai- (1) naigama (2) saMgraha aura (3) vyvhaar| paryAyArthikanayake bheda aura arthanaya tathA zabdanaya kA vibhAgacaturdhA paryAyArthaH syAdRju zabdanamAH pare uttarottaramatraiSAM suukssmsuukssmaarthbhedtaa| zabdaH samaMbhirUdvaivaMbhUtau te zabda bhedagAH / / (42) (SaTpaTama) catvAro'rthanayA AdhAstrayaH zabdanayAH pre| uttarottaramatraiSAM sUkSmagocaratA mtaa||(43) paryAyArthika nayake cAra bheda haiM (1) RjusUtranaya (2) zabdanaya (3) samabhirUDhanaya aura (4) evNbhuutny| ina nayoM meM uttarottara artha kI sUkSmatA rahatI hai| athavA prArambha ke cAra naya arthanaya haiM aura Age ke tIna naya zabda naya haiN| ina nayoM meM bhI uttarottara viSaya kI sUkSmatAmAnI gaI haiN| nayoM kI paraspara sApekSatA ete parasparApekSAH samyagjJAnasya hetvH| 'nirapekSAH punaH santo mithyAjJAnasya hetavaH // (51) (pR.21) .ye naya yadi paraspara sApekSa rahate haiM to samyagjJAna ke hetu hote haiM aura nirapekSa rahate haiM to mithyAjJAna ke hetu hote haiN| 109 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 1 abhyAsa prazna 1. maMgalAcaraNa meM kise namaskAra kiyA gayA hai? 2. namaskAra karane kA uddezya kyA hai? 3. yathArtha se Apta kauna ho sakatA hai? 4. maMgalAcaraNa karane kA uddezya kyA hai ? 5. mokSamArga kA svarUpa kyA hai ? 6. ratnatraya kI paribhASA kyA hai ? 7. samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kyA hai? 8. samyagdarzana kI utpatti ke kAraNa aura bheda prabhedoM kA varNana karo? 9. tattva kitane hote haiM, tathA unaka nAma nirdeza kIjie ? ' 10. nikSepa ke bheda evaM lakSaNa kA varNana karo? 11. tattvoM ko jAnane ke vibhinna upAya batAiye? 12. jJAna ke bheda evaM usakI paribhASA batAo? 13. pratyakSa evaM parokSa pramANa kise kahate haiM ? 14. matijJAna kI utpatti ke kAraNa kauna-kauna se haiM ? 15. avagraha ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana kIjie? 16. zrutajJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana karo? 17. avadhijJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana karo? 18. mana: paryayajJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana karo? 19. Rjumati aura vipulamati mana:paryayajJAna meM kyA antara hai ? 20. avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna meM kyA vizeSatA hai ? 21. kevalajJAna kA viSaya kyA hai ? 22. mati, zruta evaM avadhijJAna kaba mithyA hote haiM aura kaba samyak hote 23. nayoM ke bheda evaM usakI paribhASA kA varNana karo ? 110 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 2 jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva aupazamikakSAyiko bhAvau mizrazcajIvasya svatattvamaudayika pAriNAmiko c| (1) The Souls own thatness, i.e. thought activity (is of five kinds.) (1) aupazamika Subsidential, (2) kSAyika Destructive, Purifind. (3) mizra Mixed. (4) audayika Operative. (5) pAriNAmika Natural. aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra, audayika aura pAriNAmika ye jIva ke svatattva isa zAstra kA nAma mokSazAstra hai| mokSazAstra hone ke kAraNa isameM mokSa kA varNana hai| vaha varNana pahale adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai| mokSamArga samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ina tInoM ke samyak samavAya se banatA hai| tattvArtha zraddhAna se samyagdarzana hotA hai| tattvArtha zraddhAna sahita una tattvoM ke parijJAna ko samyagjJAna kahate haiN| samyagdarzana evaM samyagjJAna ke lie tattvoM kA zraddhAna evaM jJAna honA cAhie isalie mokSazAstra meM tattvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAta tattvoM meM pahalA jIva tattva hai| isalie isa adhyAya meM jIva tattva ke asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| uparokta sUtra meM varNita pA~coM bhAva jIva ko chor3akara anya tattva meM na hone ke kAraNa yaha bhAva jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva hai| 1. aupazamika-nIce sthita kIcar3a ke samAna anudbhata svavIrya kI vRtti se karmoM kA upazamana honA aupazamika bhAva hai| jaise- kataka phala yA nirmalI ke DAlane se maile pAnI kA maila nIce baiTha jAtA hai aura jala nirmala ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi se karmoM kI zakti kA anubhUta rahanA upazama hai| 111 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(2) kSAyika:- karmoM kI atyanta nivRtti ko kSaya kahate haiN| jaise- jisa jala kA maila nIce baiThA ho, use yadi dUsare pavitra pAtra meM rakha diyA jAya to jaise usameM atyaMta nirmalatA A jAtI hai usI prakAra AtmA se karmoM kI atyaMta nivRtti hone se jo Atyantika vizuddhi hotI hai vaha kSaya kahalAtA (3) kSayopazamika:- kSINAkSINa madazakti vAle kodoM ke samAna ubhayAtmaka pariNAma ko mizra bhAva kahate haiN| jaise- jala se prakSAlana karane para kucha kodoM kI madazakti kSINa ho jAtI hai aura kucha kI akssiinn| usI prakAra yathokta kSaya ke kAraNoM se sannidhAna hone para (pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA se) karmoM ke eka deza kSaya aura eka deza karmoM kI zakti kA upazama hone para ubhayAtmaka mizra bhAva hotA hai| (4) audayika:- dravyAdi ke nimitta ke vaza se karmoM ke phala kI prApti kA nAma udaya hai| dravya, kSetra kAla aura bhAva ke nimitta se vipaccamAna karmoM ke phala dene ko udaya kahate haiN| (5) pAriNAmika:- dravyAtmaka lAbha mAtra hetu pariNAma hai| jisa bhAva ke dravyAtmaka lAbha mAtra hI hetu hotA hai anya kisI bhI karma ke upazama Adi kI apekSA nahIM hai, vaha pariNAma kahalAtA hai| bhAvoM ke bheda dvinavASTadazaikaviMzatitribhedA yathAkramam / (2) (They are) of two nine, eighteen, twenty, one and three kinds respectively. ukta pAMcoM bhAvoM ke krama se do, nau, aThAraha, ikkIsa aura tIna bheda haiN| arthAt aupazayika ke do, kSAyika ke nau, kSAyopazamika ke aThAraha, audayika ke ikkIsa aura pAriNAmika ke tIna bheda hote haiN| aupazamika bhAva ke do bheda smyktvcaaritre| (3) (The two kinds are) belief and conduct. aupazamika samyaktva Subsidential-right-belief, 112 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aupazamika cAritra Subsidential right conduct. aupazamika bhAva ke do bheda haiM- aupazamika samyaktva aupazamika caaritr| cAritra mohanIya ke do bheda haiM- kaSAyavedanIya aura no-kaSAya vedniiy| inameM se kaSAya vedanIya ke anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ye cAra bheda aura darzana mohanIya ke samyaktva, mithyAtva aura samyagmithyAtva ye tIna bhed| ina sAta ke upazama se aupazamika samyaktva hotA hai| kAlalabdhi Adi ke nimitta se inakA upazama hotA hai| aba yahA~ kAlalabdhi ko batalAte haiN| karmayukta koI bhI bhavya AtmA ardhapudgala parivartana nAma ke kAla ke zeSa rahane para prathama samyaktva ke grahaNa karane ke yogya hotA hai inase adhika kAla ke zeSa rahane para nahIM hotA yaha eka kAlalabdhi hai| dUsarI kAlalabdhi kA sambandha karma sthiti se hai| utkRSTa sthiti vAle karmoM ke zeSa rahane para yA jaghanya sthiti vAle karmoM ke zeSa rahane para prathama samyaktva kA lAbha nahIM hotaa| parantu jaba baMdhane vAle karmoM kI sthiti anta: koDAkoDI sAgara par3atI hai aura vizuddhi pariNAmoM ke vaza se sattA meM sthita karmoM kI sthiti saMkhyAta hajAra sAgara kama anta: kor3Akor3I sAgara par3atI hai taba yaha jIva prathama samyaktva ke yogya hotA hai| eka kAlalabdhi bhava kI apekSA hotI hai- jo bhavya hai, saMjJI hai, paryAptaka hai aura sarvavizuddha hai vaha prathama samyaktva ko utpanna karatA hai| 'Adi' zabda se jAtismaraNa Adi kA grahaNa karanA caahie| __samasta mohanIya karma ke upazama se aupazamika cAritra hotA hai| inameM se 'samyaktva' pada ko Adi meM rakhA hai kyoMki cAritra samyaktva pUrvaka hotA . kSAyika bhAva ke nau bheda __. 'jJAnadarzanadAnalAbhabhogopabhogavIryANi c| (4) . (The nine kinds are) knowledge, conation, charity, gain, enjoyment, re-enjoyment, power and (belief and conduct.) . kSAyika bhAva ke nau bheda haiM- kSayika jJAna, kSAyika darzana, kSAyika dAna, kSAyika lAbha, kSAyika bhoga, kSAyika upabhoga, kSAyika vIrya, kSAyika samyaktva aura 113 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kSAyika cAritra / sUtra meM 'ca' zabda samyaktva aura cAritra ke grahaNa karane ke lie AyA hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma ke atyanta kSaya se kSAyika kevala jJAna hotA hai| isI prakAra kevaladarzana bhI hotA hai| dAnAntarAya karma ke atyanta kSaya se ananta prANiyoM ke samudAya kA upakAra karane vAlA kSAyika abhayadAna hotA hai| samasta lAbhAntarAya karma ke kSaya se kavalahAra kriyA se rahita kevaliyoM ke kSAyika lAbha hotA hai jisase unake zarIra ko bala pradAna karane meM kAraNabhUta, dUsare manuSyoM ko asAdhAraNa arthAt kabhI na prApta hone vAle parama zubha aura sUkSma aise ananta paramANu prati samaya sambandha ko prApta hote haiM / samasta bhogAntarAya karma ke kSaya se atizaya vAle kSAyika ananta bhoga kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| jisase kusumavRSTi Adi Azcarya vizeSa hote haiN| samasta upabhogAntarAya ke naSTa ho jAne se ananta kSAyika upabhoga hotA hai| jisase siMhAsana, cAmara aura tIna chatra Adi vibhUtiyA~ hotI haiN| vIryAntarAya karma ke atyanta kSaya se kSAyika ananta vIrya prakaTa hotA hai| pUrvokta sAta prakRtiyoM ke atyanta vinAza se kSAyika samyaktva hotA hai| isI prakAra kSAyika cAritra kA svarUpa samajhanA caahie| kSAyopazamika bhAva ke aThAraha bheda jJAnAjJAnadarzanalabdhayazcatustripaMcabhedAH samyaktvacaritrasaMyamAsaMyamAzca / (5) (The 18 kinds are) 4 kinds of (right) knowledge, 3 wrong knowledge 3 conations, 5 attainments, right belief, conduct and contral, non-control. kSayopazamika bhAva ke aThAraha bheda haiM- cAra jJAna, tIna ajJAna, tIna darzana, pA~ca dAnAdi labdhiyA~, samyaktva cAritra aura saMyamAsaMyama / udaya prApta sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA kSaya hone para, anudaya (sattA meM avasthita ) prApta sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA sadavasthArUpa upazama hone para tathA dezaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya hone para kSAyopazamika bhAva hotA hai| spardhaka do prakAra ke haiMsarvaghAtispardhaka aura dezaghAtispardhaka / unameM jaba sarvaghAtispardhakoM kA udaya 114 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hotA hai taba AtmA ke guNoM kI abhivyakti nahIM hotI hai| isalie unake udaya ke abhAva ko kSaya kahate haiM- unhIM anuya prApta sarvaghAtispardhakoM kI sadavasthA upazama kahalAtI hai| kyoMki unakI zakti abhI prakaTa nahIM hai| isaliye AtmasAdbhAvita (udaya meM Ane vAle) sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya, bhAvI kSaya (binA phala diye naSTa honA) aura dezaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya hone para sarvaghAti ke abhAva meM upalabhyamAna bhAva kSAyopazamika kahalAtA hai| avibhAga se paricchinna karmapradeza ke rasa bhAga ke pracaya kI paMkti kramavRddhi aura kramahAni ko spardhaka kahate haiN| sparddhaka- udaya prApta karmoM ke pradeza abhavyoM se anaMtaguNe tathA siddhoM ke anantaveM bhAga pramANa hote haiN| unameM se sarva jaghanyaguNa vAle grahaNa kiye gaye haiM / unakA anubhAga buddha ke dvArA taba taka vibhAjana karanA cAhiye, jisase Age vibhAjana na ho ske| sarvajIvarAzi ke anantaguNa pramANa aise sarvajaghanya avibhAgI paricchedoM kI rAzi ko eka varga kahate haiN| isI prakAra sarvajaghanya avibhAga paricchedoM sarvajIvarAzi se anaMtaguNA pramANa, rAzi rUpa varga banAne caahiye| ina samaguNa vAle samasaMkhyaka vargoM ke samUha ko vargaNA kahate haiN| punaH eka avibhAga pariccheda adhika guNa vAloM ke sarva jIva rAzi ke ananta guNA pramANa rAzi rUpa varga banAne caahiye| una vargoM ke samUha kI vargaNA banAnI caahiye| isa prakAra eka eka avibhAga pariccheda bar3hAkara varga aura vargasamUha rUpa vargaNAe~ taba taka banAnI cAhiye, jaba taka eka adhika avibhAga pariccheda milatA jaaye| isa krama vRddhi aura hAni vAlI vargaNAoM ke samudAya ko eka spardhaka kahate haiM / isake bAda isake Upara do, tIna, cAra, saMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta guNa adhika pariccheda nahIM milate haiN| kintu anantaguNa adhika vAle hI milate haiN| unameM 'eka pradeza jaghanyaguNa karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra samaguNa vargoM kA samudAya vargaNA hotI hai| isa prakAra eka adhika avibhAga paricchedoM ko pUrva ke samAna viralana karake varga vargaNA karanI cAhiye, jaba taka dUsarA sparddhaka hotA hai| isake Age do, tIna, cAra, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta guNa adhika pariccheda nahIM milegeN| kintu anantaguNa adhika hI milate haiM; isa prakAra samaguNa vAle vargoM ke samudAyarUpa, vargaNAoM ke samUha rUpa spardhaka eka udayasthAna meM siddhoM ke anantaveM bhAga aura abhavyarAzi se anantaguNa hote haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 115

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(1) jJAnacatuSka- matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaH paryayajJAna ye cAra jJAna kSAyopazamika haiN| vIryAntarAya aura matizrutajJAnAvaraNa ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya, kSaya evaM unhIM AgAmI udaya meM Ane vAle spardhakoM kA sadavasthArUpa upazama hone para tathA dezaghAtispardhakoM kA udaya hone para matijJAna, zrutajJAna hotA hai| dezaghAti spardhakoM ke anubhAga tAratamya se kSAyopazamika jJAna meM bheda hotA hai- jaise kisI kA mati jJAna adhika aura kisI kA kama hotA hai| isa prakAra avadhijJAna aura mana: paryaya ke bhI svAvaraNa kSayopazama ke bheda se kSAyopazamikapanA jAnanA caahiye| (2) ajJAnatraya- ajJAna tIna prakAra kA hai- matiajJAna, zrutaajJAna, vibhNgaavdhijnyaan| inake bhI pUrva ke samAna kSAyopazamikapanA hI samajhanA caahiye| inameM jJAna evaM ajJAna kA vijJAna mithyAtva karma ke udaya aura anudaya se hotA hai; arthAt mithyAtvakarma ke udaya se ye tInoM jJAna ajJAna kahalAte haiM aura samyagdarzana ke kAraNa yahI jJAna samyagjJAna kahalAte haiN| (3) darzanatraya- cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana aura avadhidarzana ye tIna darzana apane-apane AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se hote haiN| (4) paMcalabdhiyA~- dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ye pA~ca labdhiyA~ bhI apane-apane AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se hotI hai| jaise- dAnAntarAyAdi karma ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA kSayopazama hone para aura dezaghAti spardhakoM ke udaya kA sadbhAva hone para ye pA~ca labdhiyA~ hotI haiN| (5) samyaktva- samyaktva zabda se yahA~ kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana grahaNa karanA caahiye| anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, mithyAtva aura samyaG-mithyAtva ina chaha prakRtiyoM kA udAyAbhAvI kSaya aura AgAmI kAla meM udaya meM Ane vAle inhIM ke spardhakoM kA sadavasthArUpa upazama tathA samyaktva prakRti dezaghAtispardhakoM kA udaya hone para jo tatvArthazraddhAna hotA hai- vaha kSAyopazamika samyaktva hotA hai| yaha vedaka bhI kahalAtA hai| (6) kSAyopazamika cAritra- anantAnubaMdhI, apratyAkhyAna aura pratyAkhyAna rUpa bAraha kaSAyoM ke udayabhAvI kSaya aura AgAmI kAla meM udaya meM Ane vAle inake sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA sadavasthArUpa upazama tathA saMjvalana kaSAya 116 For Personal & Private Use Only

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catuSTaya meM se kisI eka kaSAya aura nava nokaSAyoM kA yathAsaMbhava udaya hone para AtmA ke jo nivRtti rUpa pariNAma hote haiM, usako 'kSAyopazamika cAritra' kahate haiN| (7) saMyamAsaMyama-anantAnubaMdhI aura apratyAkhyAna rUpa ATha kaSAyoM ke spardhakoM kA udayAbhAvIkSaya tathA AgAmI kAla meM udaya meM Ane vAle sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA sadavasthArUpa upazama, pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kA udaya, saMjvalana kaSAya ke dezaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya aura yathAsaMbhava nokaSAyoM kA udaya hone para virata-avirata pariNAma utpanna karane vAlA kSAyopazamika saMyamAsaMyama hotA hai| audayikabhAva ke ikkIsa bheda gtikssaaylinggmithyaadrshnaajnyaanaasNytaasiddhleshyaashctushctustryekaikaikaikssddbhedaaH| (6) . (The 21 are) 4 kinds of Condition. 4 passions, 3 sexes, 1 wrong belief, 1.ignorance, 1 vowlessness, 1 non-liberation, 6 paints. audayika bhAva ke ikkIsa bheda haiM- cAra gati, cAra kaSAya, tIna liMga, * eka mithyAdarzana, eka ajJAna, eka asaMyama, eka asiddhabhAva, aura chaH leshyaayeN| (1) cAra gati:- gati nAmakarma ke udaya se AtmA narakAdi bhAvoM ko prApta hotA hai, isalie gati audayika hai| jisa karma ke udaya se AtmA ke narakAdi bhAvoM kI prApti hotI hai, vaha gati hai| vaha gati nAmakarma cAra prakAra kA hainarakagati, tiryaMcagati, manuSyagati aura devgti| usameM narakagati nAmakarma ke udaya se narakagati prApta hotI hai, tiryaMcagati nAmakarma ke udaya se tiryaMcagati, 117 For Personal & Private Use Only

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manuSyagati nAmakarma ke udaya se manuSyagati aura deva nAmakarma ke udaya se devagati prApta hotI hai| ye cAroM gatirUpa bhAva nAmakarma ke udaya se hote haiM- isalie audayika bhAva hai| (2) cAra kaSAya:- cAritramoha karmavizeSa ke udaya se AtmA ke kaluSa bhAva hote haiM, vaha kaSAya audayika hai| kaSAya nAmaka cAritramoha ke udaya se hone vAlI krodhAdirUpa kaluSatA kaSAya kahalAtI hai| yaha AtmA ke svAbhAvika rUpa ko kaSa detI hai arthAt usakI hiMsA karatI hai| yaha, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha cAra kaSAyarUpa haiN| anantAnubaMdhI- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, apratyAkhyAna- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha; pratyAkhyAna- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura saMjvalana - krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAya ke ye 16 bheda bhI haiN| ye mohakarma ke udaya se hote haiM isalie audayika bhAva haiN| (3) tIna liMga- veda ke udaya se utpanna abhilASA vizeSa ko "veda" kahate haiN| dravya aura bhAva ke bheda se liMga do prakAra kA hai| yahA~ isa sUtra meM AtmA ke bhAvoM kA prakaraNa hai- isaliye nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAle dravyaliMga kI yahA~ vivakSA nahIM hai| strI, puruSa aura napuMsaka ke anyonya abhilASA bhAvaliMga AtmA kA pariNAma hai| jisake udaya se strI ke sAtha ramaNa karane kI abhilASA hotI hai, vaha puruSaveda hai| jisake udaya se puruSa ke sAtha ramaNa karane kI icchA hotI hai, vaha strIveda hai| jisake udaya se strI evaM puruSa donoM ke sAtha ramaNa karane kI ubhayAbhilASA hotI hai, vaha napuMsakaveda hai| yaha abhilASA cUMki cAritra moha ke vikalpa nokaSAya ke bheda strI, puruSa evaM napuMsaka veda ke udaya se hotI hai isaliye veda audayika bhAva hai| (4) mithyAdarzana-darzana moha ke udaya se tattvArtha meM azraddhAna pariNAma mithyAdarzana hai| tattvarUci svabhAva vAle AtmA ke zraddhAna ke pratibaMdhaka kAraNa darzanamoha ke udaya se tattvArtha kA nirUpaNa karane para bhI tattva meM zraddhAna utpanna nahIM hotaa| isaliye mithyAdarzana audayika bhAva hai| (5) ajJAna- jJAnAvaraNI ke udaya se ajJAna hotA hai| jaise prakAzamAna sUrya kA teja saghana meghoM dvArA tirohita ho jAne para abhivyakta nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNa karma ke udaya se jJAnasvabhAva AtmA ke jJAnaguNa kI anabhivyakti (apragaTatA) hotI hai, vaha ajJAna hai aura vaha ajJAna bhAva jJAnAvaraNa karma 118 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke udaya se hotA hai isaliye audayika hai| jaise-jo ekendriya ke rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotendriyAvaraNa ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya hone se rasa, gandha, zabda, rUpa kA ajJAna rahatA hai- vaha audayika ajJAna hai, aisA do indriyaAdi kA bhI samajhanA caahiye| zuka, sArikAdi (totA mainA Adi) ko chor3akara paMcendriya tiryaMcoM meM tathA kucha manuSyoM meM akSara zrutAvaraNa ke sarvaghAtispardhakoM kA udaya hone se akSara zrutajJAna nahIM hotaa| vaha akSara zrutajJAna audayika hai| no indriyAvaraNa karma ke sarvaghAti sparddhakoM kA udaya hone para jIva hitAhita kI parIkSA karane meM asamartha hotA hai, vaha asaMjJitva ajJAna audayika bhAva meM garbhita hai| isI prakAra avadhijJAnAvaraNa, mana: paryayajJAnAvaraNa aura kevalajJAnAvaraNa ke udaya se hone vAlA ajJAna audayika kahalAtA hai| aisA jAnanA caahiye| (6) asaMyama- cAritra moha ke udaya se hone vAle hiMsAdi pApoM se evaM indriya viSayoM se anivRttipariNAma asaMyama hai| arthAt cAritra mohakarma ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM kA udaya hone se prANighAta, asatyabhASaNa Adi pApoM meM tathA paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM meM dveSa evaM abhilASA rUpa pariNAmoM kI nivRtti nahIM honA, asaMyama bhAva hai| yaha asaMyamabhAva cAritramoha ke udaya se hotA hai isaliye audayika bhAva hai| (7) asiddhatva-karmodaya sAmAnya kI apekSA asiddhatva bhAva hotA hai| anAdi karmabandha- santAna ke kAraNa parataMtra hue AtmA ke sAmAnyataH sabhI karmoM kA udaya hone para asiddhatvaparyAya hotI hai| yaha karmoM ke udaya kI apekSA se hotI hai isaliye audayikI hai| yaha asiddhatvaparyAya mithyAdRSTi se lekara sUkSma sAmparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna taka AThoM karmoM ke udaya kI apekSA se hai| upazAntamohI. gyArahaveM aura kSINamohI bArahaveM guNasthAna meM sAta karmoM ke udaya kI apekSA aura sayoga kevalI evaM ayoga kevalI guNasthAna ye cAra aghAtiyAM karmoM ke udaya ke kAraNa asiddhatva bhAva hai| (8) SaT lezyA- kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita yogapravRttiM lezyA hai| dravyalezyA aura bhAvalezyA ke bheda se lezyA do prakAra kI haiN| dravyalezyA pudgalavipAkI zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se hotI hai| ata: AtmabhAvoM ke prakaraNa meM usakA yahA~ grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| bhAvalezyA kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita yogavRtti 119 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA nimitta pAkara hotI hai isaliye kaSAya audayikI kahI jAtI hai| yaha lezyA chaha prakAra kI hai- kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma, shukl| AtmapariNAmoM kI azuddhi ke tAratamya kI apekSA kRSNAdi zabdoM kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai| pAriNAmika bhAva ke bheda jIvabhavyAbhavyatvAni c| (7) The 3 kinds of the souls natural thought activity are; 1. jIvatva Consciousness, livingness or Soulness in a Soul. 2. bhavyatva Capacity of being liberated. 3. abhavyatva Incapacity of becoming liberated pAriNAmika bhAva ke tIna bheda hai: (1) jIvatva (2) bhavyatva (3) abhvytv| jo bhAva karma ke udaya, upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama ke binA hote haiM, unheM pAriNAmikabhAva kahate haiN| ye pAriNAmika bhAva anya dravyoM meM nahIM hote isalie ye AtmA ke jAnane caahie| (1) jIvatva:- jIvatva kA artha caitanya hai| yadyapi yaha jIva zuddhanizcayanaya se Adi, madhya aura anta se rahita, nija tathA para kA prakAzaka, upAdhirahita aura zuddha aisA jo caitanya (jJAna) rUpa nizcaya prANa hai, usase jItA hai, tathApi azuddhanizcayanaya se anAdikarmabandhana ke vaza se azuddha jo dravya prANa aura bhAva prANa hai, unase jItA hai isaliye jIva hai| isakA jo bhAva hai vaha jIvatva (2) bhavyatva:- jisake samyagdarzana Adi bhAva prakaTa hone kI yogyatA hai vaha bhavya kahalAtA hai| athavA bhAvI bhagavAna ko bhavya kahate haiN| isakA bhAva bhavyatva hai| (3) abhavyatva:- jisameM samyagdarzanAdirUpa pariNamana karane kI zakti nahIM hai vaha abhavya hai| isakA jo bhAva hai vaha abhavyatva hai| 120 For Personal & Private Use Only

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gommaTTasAra meM kahA bhI hai f bhaviyA siddhi jesiM, jIvANaM te havaMti bhavasiddhA / tavvivarIyA'bhavvA, saMsArAdo Na sijjhati // (557 pR.250) jina jIvoM kI ananta catuSTarUpa siddhi hone vAlI ho athavA jo usakI prApti ke yogya hoM unako bhavasiddha kahate haiN| jinameM ina donoM meM se koI bhI lakSaNa ghaTita na ho una jIvoM ko abhavyasiddha kahate haiM / kitane hI bhavya aise haiM jo mukti prApti ke yogya haiM, parantu kabhI mukta na hoMge; jaise bandhyA ke doSa se rahita vidhavA satI strI meM putrotpatti kI yogyatA hai; parantu usake kabhI putra utpanna nahIM hogaa| isake sivAya koI bhavya aise haiM jo niyama se mukta hogeN| jaise bandhyApane ke doSa se rahita strI ke nimitta milane para niyama se putra utpanna hogaa| isa taraha yogyatA bheda ke kAraNa bhavya do prakAra ke haiN| ina donoM yogyatAoM se jo rahita hai unako abhavya kahate haiN| jaise bandhyA strI ke nimitta mile cAhe na mile, parantu putra utpanna nahIM ho sakatA hai| jinameM mukti prApti kI yogyatA hai unako bhavyasiddha kahate haiM / isa artha ko dRSTAnta dvArA spaSTa karate haiM bhavvattaNasya joggA, je jIvA te haMvati bhavasiddhA / Na hu malavigameNiyamA, tANaM kaNayovalANamiva // (558) jo jIva ananta catuSTayarUpa siddhi kI prApti ke yogya haiM; unako bhavasiddha kahate haiM kintu yaha bAta nahIM hai ki isa prakAra ke jIvoM kA karmamala niyama se ho hii| jaise- kanakopala kA / aise hI bahuta se kanakopala haiM jinameM ki nimitta milAne para zuddha svarNarUpa hone kI yogyatA to hai, parantu unakI isa yogyatA kI abhivyakti kabhI nahIM hogI / athavA jisa taraha ahamindra devoM meM narakAdi meM gamana karane kI zakti hai parantu usa zakti kI abhivyakti kabhI nahIM hotii| isa hI taraha jina jIvoM meM ananta catuSTaya ko prApta karane kI yogyatA hai parantu unako vaha kabhI prApta nahIM hogI unako bhI bhavasiddha kahate haiM / ye jIva bhavya hote hu bhI sadA saMsAra meM hI rahate haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 121

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Na ya je bhavvAbhavvA, muktisuhaatiidnnNtsNsaaraa| te jIvA NAyavvA, Neva ya bhavvA abhavvA y||(559) jinakA pAMca parivartanarUpa ananta saMsAra sarvathA chUTa gayA hai aura isaliye jo mukti sukha ke bhoktA haiM una jIvoM ko na to bhavya samajhanA aura na abhavya samajhanA cAhiye; kyoMki aba unako koI navIna avasthA prApta karanA zeSa nahIM rahI hai| isaliye bhavya bhI nahIM haiN| aura anaMta catuSTaya ko prApta kara cuke haiM isaliye abhavya bhI nahIM hai| jinameM anaMta catuSTaya ke abhivyakta hone kI yogyatA hI nahIM ho usako abhavya kahate haiN| ata: mukta jIva abhavya bhI nahIM hai; kyoMki inhoMne anaMta catuSTaya ko prApta kara liyA hai| aura "bhavituM yogyA bhavyA" isa nirUkti ke anusAra bhavya unako kahate haiM jinameM ki, ananta catuSTaya ko prApta karane kI yogyatA hai| kintu aba ve usa avasthA ko prApta kara cuke, isaliye unake bhavyatva rUpa yogyatA kA paripAka ho cukA ataeva aparipakva avasthA kI apekSA se bhavya bhI nahIM hai| jIva kA lakSaNa upayogo lkssnnm| (8) The lakshna or differentia of soul is upayoga, attention, consiousness, attentiveness. upayoga jIva kA lakSaNa hai| isa sUtra meM jIva ke mahatvapUrNa sadbhUta lakSaNa kA varNana hai| pahale adhyAya meM jIva ke jJAna guNa kA varNana manovaijJAnika DhaMga se kiyA hai to isa adhyAya meM bhI jIva ke bhAvoM kA varNana asAdhAraNa manovaijJAnika DhaMga se kiyA hai| upayoga jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva yA lakSaNa hone ke kAraNa yaha bhAva anya ajIva padArtha meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai tathA kisI bhI rasAyanika prakriyA se upayoga zakti kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai| DArvina Adi vaijJAnika jo rasAyanika prakriyA se jIva kI utpatti mAnate hai vaha siddhAMta kapola-kalpita, avicArita ramya hai| isa siddhAMta kA khaNDana merI (kanakanaMdI) "vizva vijJAna rahasya" pustaka meM kiyA hai| jijJAsu vahA~ se dekhakara adhyayana kreN| 122 For Personal & Private Use Only

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paMcAstikAya meM kuMdakuda deva ne isakA varNana savistAra se nimna prakAra kiyA uvaogokhalu duvihoNANeNa yadaMsaNeNa sNjutto| jIvassa savvakAlaM aNaNNabhUdaM viyaanniihi|| (40) (pR.saM. 138) upayoga vAstava meM do prakAra hai jJAna aura darzana se saMyukta arthAt jJAnopayoga aura drshnopyog| yaha sarvakAla isa jIva se ekarUpa hai judA nahIM hai aisA jaano| vatthuNimittaM bhAvo, jAdo jIvassa du uvyog| jIva kA jo bhAva vastu ko (jJeya ko) grahaNa karane ke liye pravRtta hotA hai usako upayoga kahate haiN| dravyasaMgraha meM nemicandrAcArya ne kahA bhI hai"jIvo uvaogamao" "jIvo" zuddhanizcayanayenAdimadhyAntavarjitasvaparaprakAzakAvinazvaranirUpAdhizuddhacaitanyalakSaNanizcayaprANena yadyapi jIvati,tathApyazuddhanayenAnAdikarmabandhavazAdazuddhadravyabhAva prANairjIvatIti jiivH| yadyapi yaha jIva zuddhanizcayanaya se Adi madhya aura aMta se rahita nija aura para kA prakAzaka, upAdhi rahita aura zuddha aisA jo caitanya (jJAna) rUpa nizcaya prANa hai, usase jItA hai, tathApi azuddhanizcayanaya se anAdi karmabandhana ke vaza se azuddha jo dravyaprANa aura bhAva prANa hai, unase jItA hai isaliye * jIva hai| upayoga ke bheda sa dvividho'STacaturbhedaH / (7) (Attention is of) 2 kinds which is subdivided in to 8 and 4 kindsjJAnopayoga knowledge attention: darzanopayoga Conation-attention: upayoga Is a modification of Consiousness, which is an essential 123 For Personal & Private Use Only

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attribute of the soul. Thus attentiveness is kind of consciousness. Consciousness is a characteristic of the knower, the soul. vaha upayoga do prakAra kA hai - jJAnopayoga aura drshnopyog| jJAnopayoga ATha prakAra kA hai aura darzanopayoga cAra prakAra kA hai| jo antaraMga aura bahiraMga donoM prakAra ke nimitta se hotA hai aura caitanya . ko chor3akara anya dravyoM meM nahIM rahatA hai vaha 'upayoga' kahalAtA hai| vaha upayoga do prakAra kA hai, jJAnopayoga aura drshnopyog| jJAnopayoga ATha prakAra kA hai: matijJAna, zrutAjJAna, avadhijJAna, mana: paryayajJAna, kevalajJAna, matyajJAna, zrutajJAna aura vibhNgjnyaan| darzanopayoga cAra prakAra kA:- cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevldrshn| sAkAra aura anAkAra ke bheda se ina donoM upayoga meM bheda hai| sAkAra jJAnopayoga hai aura anAkAra drshnopyog| ye donoM chadmasthoM ke krama se hote haiM aura karma AvaraNarahita jIvoM ke yugapat hote haiN| yadyapi darzana pahale hotA hai to bhI zreSTha hone ke kAraNa sUtra meM jJAna ko darzana se pahale rakhA hai| nemIcandra siddhAMta cakravartI ne gommaTTasAra meM upayoga kA varNana nimna prakAra se savistAra se kiyA hai- vatthuNimittaM bhAvo, jAdo jIvassa jodu uvjogo| so duviho NAyavvo, sAyAro ceva annaayaaro||(672) jIva kA jo bhAva vastu ko (jJeya ko) grahaNa karane ke liye pravRta hotA hai usako upayoga kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM-- eka sAkAra (vikalpa) aura dUsarA nirAkAra (nirviklp)| NANaM paMcavihaM pi ya, aNNANatiyaM ca saagruvjogo| cadudaMsaNamaNagAro, savve tallakkhaNA jiivaa|| (673) pA~ca prakAra kA samyagjJAna- mati, zruta, avadhi, manaH paryaya tathA kevala aura tIna prakAra kA ajJAna- mithyAtva-kumati, kuzruta, vibhaMga ye ATha sAkAra upayoga ke bheda haiN| cAra prakAra kA darzana cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana anAkAra upayoga hai| yaha upayoga hI sampUrNa jIvoM kA lakSaNa 124 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai, kyoMki upayoga ke ina 12 prakAroM meM se jIva ke koI na koI upayoga avazya rahA karatA haiN| sAkAra upayoga meM kucha vizeSatA: madisudaohimaNehi ya, sagasagavisaye visesvinnnnaannN| aMtomuttakAlo, uvajogo so du saayaaro||(674) mati zruta avadhi aura mana : paryaya inake dvArA apane apane viSaya kA antamuhUtakAla paryanta jo vizeSajJAna hotA hai usako hI sAkAra upayoga kahate haiN| ____sAkAra upayoga ke pA~ca bheda haiM- mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevl| inameM se Adi ke cAra hI upayoga chadmastha jIvoM ke hote haiN| upayoga cetanA kA eka pariNamana hai| tathA eka vastu ke grahaNarUpa cetanA kA yaha pariNamana hai| tathA eka vastu ke grahaNa rUpa cetanA kA yaha pariNamana chadmastha jIva ke adhika se adhika antarmuhUrtakAla taka hI raha sakatA hai| isa sAkAra upayoga meM yahI vizeSatA hai, ki yaha vastu ke vizeSa aMza ko grahaNa karatA hai| anAkAra upayoga kA svarUpa iMdiyamaNohiNAvA, atthe avisesidUNaje ghnnN| .. aMtomuhuttakAlo, uvajogo so annaayaaro||(675)|| indriya, mana aura avadhi ke dvArA antarmuhUrtakAla taka padArthoM kA jo sAmAnya rUpa grahaNa hotA hai usako nirAkAra upayoga kahate haiN| darzana ke cAra bheda haiM- cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevldrshn| inameM se Adi ke tIna darzana chadmastha jIvoM ke hote haiN| netra ke dvArA jo sAmAnyAvalokana hotA hai usako cakSudarzana kahate haiN| aura netra ko chor3akara zeSa cAra indriya tathA mana ke dvArA jo sAmAnyAvalokana hotA hai usako acakSudarzana kahate haiN| avadhi jJAna ke pahale indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA AtmamAtra se jo rUpI padArtha viSayaka sAmAnyAvalokana hotA hai usako avadhidarzana kahate haiN| yaha darzanarUpa nirAkAra upayoga bhI sAkAra upayoga kI taraha chadmastha jIvoM ke adhika se adhika antarmuhUta taka hotA hai| anAkAra upayoga yA darzana upayoga kA varNana prakArAntara se gommaTTasAra meM nimna 125 For Personal & Private Use Only

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prakAra se pAyA jAtA hai bhAvANaM sAmaNNa visesayANaM sarUvamettaM jN| vaNNaNahINaggahaNaM jIveNa ya daMsaNaM hodi|| (483) nirvikalparUpa se jIva ke dvArA jo sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka padArthoM kI sva-para. sattA kA avabhAsana hotA hai usako darzana kahate haiN| . padArthoM meM sAmAnya vizeSa donoM hI dharma rahate haiM; kiMtu inake kevala sAmAnya dharma kI apekSA se jo sva-para sattA kA avabhAsana hotA hai usako 'darzana' kahate haiN| isakA zabdoM dvArA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isake cAra bheda haiM cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana, kevldrshn| cakSudarzana aura acakSudarzana kA svarUpa cakkhUNa jaM payAsai dissai taM cakkhudaMsaNaM veti| . . sesiMdiyappayAso NAyavvo so ackkhuutti|| (484) jo padArtha cakSurindraya kA viSaya hai usakA dekhanA, athavA vaha jisake dvArA dekhA jAya, athavA usake dekhane vAle ko 'cakSudarzana' kahate haiN| aura cakSu ke sivAya dUsarI cAra indriyoM ke athavA mana ke dvArA jo apane-apane viSayabhUta padArtha kA sAmAnya grahaNa hotA hai usako 'acakSudarzana' kahate haiN| avadhidarzana kA svarUpa paramANu AdiyAiM aMtimakhaMdhaM ti muttidNvvaaiN| taM ohidaMsaNaM puNa jaM passai tAI pckkhN|| (485) avadhijJAna hone ke pUrva samaya meM avadhi ke viSaya bhUta paramANu se lekara mahAskandhaparyanta mUrtadravya ko jo sAmAnya rUpa se dekhatA hai usako 'avadhidarzana' kahate haiN| isa avadhi darzana ke anantara pratyakSa avadhi jJAna hotA hai| kevala darzana kA svarUpa bahuvihabahuppayArA ujjovA parimiyammi khettmmi| logAlogavitimiro jo kevldNsnnujjoo|| (485) tIvra-maMda-madhyama Adi aneka avasthAoM kI apekSA tathA candra, sUrya Adi 126 For Personal & Private Use Only

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padArthoM kI apekSA aneka prakAra ke prakAza jagat meM parimita kSetra meM rahate haiM; kintu jo loka aura aloka donoM jagaha prakAza karatA hai, aise prakAza ko 'kevala darzana' kahate haiN| samasta padArthoM kA jo sAmAnya darzana hotA hai usako kevaladarzana' kahate haiN| jIva ke bheda saMsAriNo muktAzca / (10) They are of 2 kinds: saMsArI Mundane and mukta liberated Souls. jIva do prakAra ke haiM-- saMsArI aura mukt| vastutaH jIva dravya eka prakAra ke hote hue bhI karma sahita evaM karma rahita kI apekSA jIva 2 prakAra ke ho jAte haiN| karma sahita jIva saMsArI hai tathA karma rahita jIva mukta hai| kahA bhI hai jIvA saMsAratthA NivvAdA cedaNappagA duvihaa||(109) uvaogalakkhaNA vi ya dehaadehppviicaaraa| pa.kA.mR.280) jIva do prakAra ke haiM- (1) saMsArI arthAt azuddha aura (2) siddha arthAt zuddha / ve donoM vAstava meM cetanAsvabhAva vAle haiM aura cetanA pariNAmasvarUpa upayoga dvArA lakSita hone yogya hai| usameM saMsArI jIva deha meM vartanevAle arthAt . .. deha sahita hai aura siddha jIva deha meM na vartanevAle arthAt deha rahita hai| . . . ..............micchaadsnnksaayjogjudaa| vijudA ya tehiM bahugA siddhA saMsAriNo jIvA // (32) mithyAdarzana - kaSAya yogasahita saMsArI hai aura aneka mithyAdarzana - kaSAya yoga rahita siddha hai| saMsArI jIvoM ke bheda samanaskAmanaskAH / (11) The mudane souls are of 2 kinds :samanaska Rational, thouse who have a mind; i,e. the faculty 127

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of distigushing right and wrong. manasahita tathA manarahita aise saMsArI jIva haiN| manasahita jIva ko samanaska (sainI) kahate haiM aura mana rahita jIva amanaska (asainI) kahate haiN| ekendriya se asaMjJI paMcendriya taka jIva asainI hote haiM evam mana sahita paMcendriya jIva saMjJI hote haiN| ina donoM meM se saMjJI jIva zreSTa hai kyoMki saMjJI jIva guNa aura doSoM kA vicAraka hotA hai| amanaska jIva mana rahita hone ke kAraNa guNa-doSoM kI samIkSA nahIM kara pAtA hai| ekendriya se lekara asaMjJI paMcendriya jIva taka matijJAna, zrutajJAna hote hue bhI matijJAna evaM zrutajJAna, kujJAna ke sAtha-sAtha bahuta hI avikasita jJAnaM hai, itanA hI nahIM asaMjJI jIva samyagdarzana prApta karane kI yogyatA bhI nahIM rakhatA hai| saMjJI jIva samyagdarzana prApta karane kI yogyatA rakhatA hai| mana do prakAra kA hai (1) dravya mana, (2) bhAva mn| unameM se dravya mana pudgalavipAkI AMgopAMga nAma karma ke udaya se hotA hai tathA vIryAntarAya aura no indriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama kI apekSA rakhane vAle AtmA kI vizuddhi ko bhAva mana kahate haiN| yaha mana jina jIvoM ke pAyA jAtA hai ve 'samanaska' hai aura jinake mana nahIM pAyA jAtA hai ve 'amanaska' hai| isa prakAra mana ke sadbhAva aura asadbhAva kI apekSA saMsArI jIva do bhAgoM meM ba~Ta jAtA hai| dravya mana kA svarUpa hidi hodi hu davvamaNaM viyasiyaaTThacchadAraviMdaM vaa| aGgovaMgudayAdo maNavaggaNakhaMdhado nniymaa||(443) aGgopAGganAma karma ke udaya se manovargaNA ke skandhoM ke dvArA hRdayasthAna meM niyama se vikasita ATha pAMkhur3I ke kamala ke AkAra meM dravyamana utpanna hotA NoiMdiyatti saNNA tassa have sesaiMdiyANaM vaa| vttttaabhaavaado----------------|| (444) isa dravyamana kI no indriya saMjJA bhI hai, kyoMki dUsarI indriyoM kI taraha yaha vyakta nahIM hai| (gommaTasAra,pR.163) 128 For Personal & Private Use Only

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saMsArI jIvoM ke anya prakAra se bheda - sNsaarinnstrssthaavraaH| (12) The mundane souls (are of 2 kinds from another point of view. trasa Mobile many-sensed,i.e. having a body with more than one Sense. sthAvara Immobile, one sensed, i.e. having a only the sense of touch. tathA saMsArI jIva trasa aura sthAvara ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| karma sahita jIvoM ko saMsArI jIva kahate haiN| isa dRSTi se samasta saMsArI jIva eka hote hue bhI vibhinna karmoM ke kAraNa bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| isake mukhyata: do bheda hai- (1) trasa jIva (2) sthAvara jiiv| sa nAma karma ke udaya se do indriya se lekara ayoga kevalI taka ke jIva ko trasa kahate haiN| sthAvara nAma karma ke udaya se pRthvIkAyika se lekara vanaspati kAyika taka jIva ko sthAvara jIva kahate haiN| agnikAyika, jalakAyika aura vAyukAyika jIva gamana karate hue pAye jAte haiM to bhI ve trasa nahIM hai| parantu upacAra se unako kucha zAstra meM trasa kahA gayA hai| saMsArI jIvoM kA varNana dravya saMgraha meM nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai- puDhavijalateyavAU vaNapphadI vivihthaavreiNdii| vigatigacadupaMcakkhA tasajIvA hoti sNkhaadii|| (11) pRthivI, jala, teja, vAyu aura vanaspati ina bhedoM se nAnA prakAra ke sthAvara jIva haiM aura ye saba eka sparzana iMdriya ke hI dhAraka haiM tathA zaMkha Adika do, tIna, cAra aura pA~ca indriyoM ke dhAraka trasa jIva hote haiN| . . samaNA amaNA NeyA paMcidiya NimmaNA pare svve| bAdarasuhameiMdI savve pajjatta idarA y|| (12) paMcendriya jIva saMjJI aura asaMjJI aise do prakAra ke jAnane cAhie aura do indriya teindriya, cauindriya ye saba manarahita (asaMjJI) hai, ekendriya bAdara aura sUkSma vigati 129 For Personal & Private Use Only

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do prakAra kA hai aura ye pUrvokta sAtoM paryApta tathA aparyApta haiM, aise 14 jIva samAsa haiN| maggaNaguNaThANehi ya caudasahi havaMti taha asuddhnnyaa| . viNNeyA saMsArI savve suddhA hu suddhnnyaa|| (13) saMsArI jIva azuddha naya se caudaha mArgaNA sthAnoM se tathA caudaha guNasthAnoM se caudaha-caudaha prakAra ke hote haiM, aura zuddhanaya se to saba saMsArI jIva zuddha hI haiN| sthAvaroM ke bheda pRthivyaptejo vAyuvanaspatayaH sthaavraaH| (13) Immobile (one sensed souls)(are of 5 kinds). (1) gesit Earth bodied; (2) 319 Water bodied; (3) teja Fire bodied; (4) vAyu Air bodied; and (5) Vegetable - bodied. pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika ye pA~ca sthAvara haiN| Adhunika vijJAna meM kevala vanaspati ko hI jIva siddha kiyA hai parantu pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika ko jIva siddha karane meM asamartha hai, kyoMki ina jIvoM kA AkAra atyaMta sUkSma hone ke kAraNa evam usake sUkSma zarIra meM hone vAlI sUkSma kriyAoM ke kAraNa vaijJAnika loga inheM jIva siddha karane meM sakSama nahIM ho pAye haiN| parantu jaina dharma kevalI bhagavAna dvArA pratipAdita hone ke kAraNa isameM sUkSma paramANu se lekara AkAza taka sampUrNa dravyoM kA ekendriya se lekara siddha taka ke jIvoM kA varNana hai| ina paMca sthAvara ke vizeSa zodha-bodha ke lie evam Adhunika zodha-bodha vidyArthiyoM ke mArga darzana ke lie isa kA vizeSa varNana yahAM kara rahA hU~: 130 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #142
paMcAstikAya meM kundakundadeva ne kahA hai. puDhavI ya udagamagaNI vAu vaNaNa jIvasaMsidA kaayaa| deti khalu mohabahulaM phAsaM bahugA vi te tesiN||(110) (pR.282) pRthvIkAya, apkAya, teja:kAya, vAyukAya aura vanaspatikAya aise yaha pudgala pariNAma baMdhavazAt [baMdha ke kAraNa] jIva sahita haiN| avAntara jAtirUpa bheda karane para ve aneka hone para bhI sabhI (pudgala pariNAma), sparzanendriyAvaraNa ke kSayopazama vAle jIvoM ko bahiraMga sparzanendriya kI racanAbhUta hue karmaphala cetanA pradhAnapane ke kAraNa atyanta moha sahita hI sparzopalabdhi (jJAna) saMprApta karAte haiN| ti sthAvarataNujogA aNilANalakAiyA ya tesu tsaa| maNapariNAma virahidA jIvA eiMdiyA nneyaa||(111) unameM tIna jIva sthAvara zarIra ke saMyoga vAle haiM, vAyu-kAyika aura agnikAyika jIva trasa haiM, ve saba manapariNAma rahita ekendriya jIva jAnanA / tatra sthAvaranAma karmodayAdbhinnamanaMta jJAnAdiguNa samUhAdabhinnatvaM yadAtmattatvaM tadanubhUti rahitena jIvena yadupArjitaM sthAvara-nAmakarma tadudayAdhInatvAt yadyapyagnivAtakAyikAnAM vyavahAreNa calanamasti tathApi nizcayena sthaavraa| jIva ne jo sthAvara nAmakarma bAMdhA hai usake udaya ke AdhIna hone se yadyapi agni aura vAyukAyika jIvoM ko vyavahAra naya se calanApanA hai tathApi nizcayanaya se sthAvara hI hai| - ede, jIvaNikAyA pNcvidhaapuddhvikaaiyaadiiyaa| mANapariNAmavirahidA jIvA egeMdiyA bhnniyaa|| (112) pRthvIkAyika Adi jIva, sparzanendriya ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa tathA zeSa indriyoM ke AvaraNa kA udaya tathA mana ke AvaraNa kA udaya hone se manarahita ekendriya haiN| ekendriyoM ko caitanya kA astitva hone sambandhI 131 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #143
dRSTAnta kA kathana hai-: aMDesu pavaDDhatA gavbhatthA mANusA ya mucchagayA / jArisayA tArisayA jIvA egeMdiyA NeyA / / (113) aMr3e meM vRddhi pAne vAle prANI, garbha meM rahe hue prANI aura mUrchA prApta manuSya jaise (buddhipUrvaka vyApAra rahita hote hue bhI) jIva haiM, vaise hI ekendriya bhI jIva jAnanA / jaise aMr3oM ke bhItara ke tiryaMca va garbhastha pazu yA manuSya yA mUrcchAgata. : mAnava icchApUrvaka vyavahAra karate nahIM dikhate haiM vaise ina ekendriyoM ko jAnanA cAhie arthAt aMDo meM janamane vAle prANiyoM ke zarIra kI puSTi yA vRddhi ko dekhakara bAharI vyApAra karanA na dikhane para bhI bhItara caitanya hai aisA jAnA jAtA hai, yahI bAta garbha meM Aye hue pazu yA mAnavoM kI bhI hai| garbha bar3hatA jAtA hai isI se cetanA kI sattA mAlUma hotI hai| mUrcchAgata mAnava turaMta mUrchA chor3a saceta ho jAtA hai| isI hI taraha ekendriyoM ke bhItara bhI jAnanA cAhie / jaba garbhastha zarIra yA aNDe yA mUrcchA prApta prANI mlAnita ho jAte arthAt bair3hate nahIM yA unake zarIra kI ceSTA bigar3a jAtI taba yaha anumAna hotA hai ki, unameM jIva nahIM rahA / usa hI taraha ekendriya jIva jaba mlAnita yA mardita ho jAte haiM taba ve jIva rahita acita ho jAte haiN| pRthvIkAyika Adi jIvoM kA AkAra masUrAmbupRSatsUcikalApadhvajasannibhAH / nAnAkArAstarutrasAH / / ( 57 ) dharAptejomarutkAyA (ta.sA. pR. 51 ) pAnI pRthivI, jala, agni aura vAyukAyika jIvoM kA AkAra krama se masUra, kI bU~da, khar3I suiyoM kA samUha tathA dhvajA ke samAna hai| vanaspatikAyika aura sajIva aneka AkAra ke hote haiN| pRthivIkAyika jIvoM ke chattIsa bheda mRttikA bAlukA caiva zarkarA copala: zilA / - lavaNo'yastathA tAmraM trapuH sIsakameva ca / / (58) 132 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #144
raupyaM suvarNaM vajaM ca haritAlaM ca hingglm| mana:zilA tathA tutthamajjanaM sprvaalkm||(59) krirolakAbhrake caiva maNibhedAzca vaadraaH| gomeda rUcakAGkaca sphaTiko lohitprbhH|| (60) vaiDUrya candrakAntazca jalakAnto rviprbhH| gairikAzcandanazcaiva varcuro ruuckstthaa|| (61) moTho masAragallaca sarva ete prdrshitaaH| . SaTtriMzatpRthivIbhedA bhgvddhijineshvraiH|| (62) (1) miTTI, (2) reta, (3) cunakaMkarI, (4) patthara, (5)zilAe~, (6) namaka, (7) lohA, (8) tAbA~, (9) rAMgA, (10) sIsA, (11) cA~dI, (12) sonA, (13) hIrA (14) haratAla, (15) iMgura, (16) mainasila, (17) tUtiyA, (18) sUramA, (19) mUMgA, (20) krirolaka, (21) bhor3ala bar3I-bar3I maNiyoM ke khaNDa, (22) gomeda, (23) rUcakAGka (24) sphaTika (25) padmarAga, (26) vaiDUrya, (27) candrakAnta, (28) jalakAnta, (29) sUryakAnta, (30) gairika, (31) candana, (32) varcura, (33) rUcaka, (34) moTha, (35) masAra aura (36) galla nAmaka maNi ye saba pRthivikAyika ke chattIsa bheda jinendra bhagavAna ne kahe haiN| jalakAyika jIvoM ke bhedaavazyAyo himabindustathA shuddhghnodke| . zItakAdyAzca vijJeyA jIvA: slilkaayikaaH||(63) osa, barpha ke kaNa-zuddhodaka-candrakAntamaNi se nikalA pAnI, megha se tatkAla varSA huA pAnI tathA kuharA Adi jalakAyika jIva jAnane ke yogya haiN| agnikAyika jIvoM ke bhedajvAlAGgarAstathArcizca murmuraH zuddha eva c| agnizcetyAdikA jJeyA jIvA jvlnkaayikaa|| (64) jvAlAe~, aMgAra, arci-agni kI kiraNa, murmara-agnikaNa (bhasma ke bhItara chipe hue agni ke choTe-choTe kaNa) aura zuddha agni-sUryakAntamaNi se utpanna ___ 133 __ For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #145
agni ye saba agnikAyika jIva jAnane ke yogya haiN| vAyukAyika jIvoM ke bhedamahAn ghanatanuzcaiva gunyjaamnnddlirutkliH| vAtazcetyAdayo jJeyA jIvAH pvnkaayikaaH|| (65) vRkSa vagairaha ko ukhAr3a dene vAlI mahAn vAyu arthAt A~dhI, ghanavAta, tanu, vAta, guJjA-gUMjanevAlI vAyu, maNDali-golAkAra vAyu, utkali-tirachI bahane vAlI vAyu aura vAta-sAmAnya vAyu ye saba pavanakAyika jIva jAnane ke yogya haiN| - vanaspatikAyika jIvoM ke bheda___ mUlAgraparvakandotthA: skndhbiijruuhaastthaa| saMmUrchinazca haritA: prtyekaanntkaayikaa||(66) mUlabIja-mUla se utpanna hone vAle adaraka, haldI Adi agrabIja-kalama se utpanna hone vAle gulAba Adi, parvabIja-parva se utpanna hone vAle gannA Adi, kandabIja-kanda se utpanna sUraNa Adi, skandhabIja-skandha se utpanna hone vAle DhAka Adi, bIja rUha-bIja se utpanna hone vAle geMhU~,canA Adi tathA samUrchina apane Apa utpanna hone vAlI ghAsa Adi vanaspatikAya pratyeka tathA sAdhAraNa donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| ekendriyAdi tiryaMcoM kI utkRSTa avagAhanAyojanAnAM sahasraM tu sAtirekaM prkrsstH| ekendriyasya dehaH syadvijJeyaH sa ca padminI // (143) trikozaH kathita: kumbhI zaMkho dvAdazayojanaH / sahasrayojano matsyo mdhupshcaikyojnH||(144) ekendriya jIva kA zarIra utkRSTatA se kucha adhika eka hajAra yojana vistAra vAlA hai| ekendriya jIva kI yaha utkRSTa avagAhanA kamala kI jAnanA caahiye| do indriya jIvoM meM zaMkha bAraha yojana vistAra vAlA hai, tIna indriya jIvoM meM kumbhI-ciMuTI tIna koza vistAra vAlI hai, cAra indriya jIvoM meM bhauMrA eka yojana-cAra kosa vistAra vAlA hai| aura pAMca indriya mahAmaccha 134 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #146
eka hajAra yojana vistAra vAlA hai| .ye utkRSTa avagAhanA ke dhAraka jIva svayaMbhUramaNa dvIpa ke bIca meM par3e hue svayaMbhU parvata ke Age ke bhAga meM hote haiN| maccha svayaMbhUramaNasamUdra meM rahatA hai| ekendriyAdika jIvoM kI jaghanya avagAhanAasaMkhyAtatamo bhAgo yAvAnastyaMgulasya tu| ekAkSAdiSu sarveSu dehastAvAn jghnytH||(145) ekendriyAdika sabhI jIvoM kA zarIra jaghanya rUpa se ghanAgula ke asaMkhyAtaveMbhAga pramANa hai| ekendriya jIvoM meM sarvajaghanya zarIra sUkSmanigodiyA labdhyaparyAptaka jIva ke utpanna hone ke tIsare samaya meM hotA hai tathA usakA pramANa ghanAguMla ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa hai| dvIndriyoM meM sarvajaghanya zarIra anudharI kA trIndriyoM meM kunthu kA, caturindriya meM kaNamakSikA kA, aura paMcendriya meM taNDulamaccha kA hotA hai| yadyapi ina sabakA sAmAnya rUpa se pramANa ghanAguMla kA asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga barAbara hai tathApi vaha Age-Age saMkhyAta guNA-saMkhyAta guNA hai| - sthAvarAdijIvoM kI kula koTI. bAvIsa satta tiNNiya, satta ya kulkoddiysyshssaahi| NeyA puDhavidagAgaNi, vAukkAyANa prisNkhaa||(113) pRthivIkAyika jIvoM ke kula bAIsa lAkha koTI hai| jalakAyika jIvoM ke kula sAta lAkha koTI haiN| agnikAyika jIvoM ke kula tIna lAkha koTI haiN| aura vAyukAyika jIvoM ke kula sAta lAkha koTI haiN| trasa jIvoM ke bheda dviindriyaadystrsaa:| (14) (Mobile or many sensed souls) with 2 senses etc; , do indriya Adi trasa haiN| trasanAma karma ke udaya se saMsArI jIva trasakAyika hote haiN| isa apekSA se trasa jIva eka hote hue bhI indriyAdi bheda se unameM bhI bheda pAye jAte haiN| 135 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #147
gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM jIvoM ke vibhinna bheda prabhedoM kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai iMdikAye sAmaNNajIva tasathAvaresu igivigalasayalacarimaduge / carimassa ya duticadupaNagabhedajude 11 (75) sAmAnya se jIva kA eka hI bheda hai, kyoMki 'jIva' kahane se jIva mAtra kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| isalie sAmAnya se jIva samAsa kA eka bheda, sa aura sthAvara apekSA se ye do bheda, ekendriya, vikalendriya (dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya) sakalendriya (paMcendriya) kI apekSA tIna bheda / yadi paMcendriya ke' do bheda kara diye jAyeM to jIva samAsa ke ekendriya, vikalendriya, saMjJI, asaMjJI isa taraha cAra bheda hote haiM / indriyoM kI apekSA pAMca bheda haiM, arthAt ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, paMcendriya / pRthvI, jala agni, vAyu, vanaspati ye pAMca sthAvara aura eka trasa isa prakAra kAyakI apekSA chaha bheda haiN| yadi pAMca sthAvaroM meM trasa ke vikala aura sakala isa taraha do bheda karake milA diye jA~ya to sAta bheda hote haiN| aura vikala, asaMjJI, saMjJI isa prakAra tIna bheda karake milAne se ATha bheda hote haiM / dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, paMcendriya, isa taraha cAra bheda karake milAne se nava bheda hote haiM / aura dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, asaMjJI, saMjJI isa taraha pA~ca bheda milAne se daza bheda hote haiN| dvIndriya jIvoM ke nAma vA zambUkaH zukti kukSikRmyAdayazcaite dvIndriyAH kunthuH zambUka, zaGkha, sukti-sIpa, giMDoleM, kauMDI tathA peTa ke kIr3e Adi ye do indriya jIva mAne gaye haiM / gaNDUpadakapardakAH / prANino ghuNamatkuNayUkAdyAstrIndriyAH 136 matAH // ( 53 ) ta. sA. a. 2 trIndriya jIvoM ke nAma pipIlikA kumbhI vRzcikazcendragopakaH santi For Personal & Private Use Only jantava: / 15411

Page #148
kunthu, ciMuTI, kumbhI, bicchU, bIrabahuTI, ghunakA kIr3A, khaTamala, cIlara-luvA Adi tIna indriya jIva haiN| caturindriya jIvoM ke nAma madhupaH kITako daMzamazako mkssikaastthaa| varaTI zalabhAdyAzca bhavanti cturindriyaaH||5|| bhauMrA, ur3ane vAle kIr3e, DAMsa, macchara, makkhI, vara tathA TivI Adi cAra indriya jIva haiN| - paMcendriya jIvoM ke nAma paJcendriyAca mAH syurikaastridivauksH| tiryaJco'pyuragA bhogiprisrpctusspdaaH|| (56) manuSya, nArakI, deva, tiryaMca, sA~pa, phaNavAle nAga, sarakane vAle ajagara Adi tathA caupAye pA~ca indriya jIva haiN| indriyoM kI gaNanA pnycendriyaanni| (15) The senses are five. indriyA~ pA~ca haiN| .. koI anya matavAdI, pA~ca chaha aura gyAraha bhI indriyA~ mAnate haiN| unakA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie 'indriyA~ pA~ca haiM adhika nahIM haiM, aisA niyama karane ke lie "pA~ca" yaha zabda diyA hai| 'indra' AtmA kA liMga indriyA~ kahalAtI haiN| karma parataMtra hone para bhI AtmA anaMta jJAnAdi paramezvaratva zakti ke yoga se indra vyapadeza ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai| svayaM artha ko grahaNa karane meM asamartha AtmA ko jo arthagrahaNa karane meM sahAyaka hai- usako indriya kahate haiN| karmarUpa indra ke dvArA nirmita hone se 'indriyA~' kahalAtI haiN| athavA svakIya karma vipAkavaza AtmA devendra, mAnava, tiryaca, narakAdi yoniyoM meM iSTAniSTa kA anubhava karatA hai ata: karma hI indra hai aura isa karmarUpI, indra ke dvArA sRSTa-racI huI hone se indriyA~ kahalAtI haiN| anavasthAna hone se mana indriya nahIM hai| artha ciMtana meM sahAyaka evaM karmakRta hote hue bhI mana cakSurAdi 137 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #149
indriyoM ke samAna niyata sthAnIya nahIM hai, anavasthita hai ataH mana ko indriyoM zAmila nahIM kiyA gayA / mana kA vyApAra indriyoM ke pUrva hotA hai isaliye bhI indriyoM meM mana parigaNita nahIM hai| cakSu Adi indriyoM ke dvArA rUpAdi viSaya ke upayoga se pariNamana ke pUrva hI mAnasika vyApAra ho jAtA hai kyoMki zuklAdi ke dekhane kA icchuka prathama mAnasika upayoga karatA hai ki, maiM rUpa ko dekhatA hU~, usakA svAda letA hU~ ityAdi / tathA usa mana kA balAdhAna ( nimitta) pAkara cakSu Adi indriyoM ke viSaya meM vyApAra karatA hai isalie mana ke anindriyatva hai| They are of 2 kinds: (1) dravyendriya Objective-senses, sense organs; and, (2) bhAvendriya (Subjective- senses, senses faculties. pratyeka do do prakAra kI haiN| indriyoM ke mUla bheda dvividhAnI / (16) pAMca indriyoM ke do-do bheda ho jAte haiM / ( 1 ) dravyendriya (2) bhAvendriya / dravyendriya kA svarUpa nirvRtyupakaraNe dravyendriyam / ( 17 ) Objective senses or sense- organs (have a two-fold formation:(1) faqf-The organs itself, e.g. the pupil of the eye. (2) upakaraNa - Its protecting environment eg the eye-lid etc. nivRtti aura upakaraNa rUpa dravyendriya hai / racanA kI jAtI hai - vaha nirvRtti kahalAtI hai| nAma karma ke dvArA jisakI racanA, niSpAdana kI jAtI hai - vaha nirvRtti kahalAtI hai| 138 nirvRtti bAhya aura Abhyantara ke bheda se do prakAra kI haiN| vizuddha AtmapradezoM kI racanA Abhyantara nirvRtti hai / utsedhAMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa vizuddha AtmapradezoM kI cakSurAdi ke AkAra rUpa se racanA Abhyantara nirvRtti hai / For Personal & Private Use Only

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AtmA ke unhIM vizuddha pradezoM meM indriyoM ke nAma se kahe jAne vAle bhinna -2 AkAroM ke dhAraka saMsthAna nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAle avasthA vizeSa se yukta, jo pudgala piNDa haiM vaha bAhya nirvRtti hai arthAt una bhAvendriya AkAra rUpa se sthita Atma pradezoM meM nAmakarma ke udaya se zarIra yogya pudgala pracayoM kI cakSurAdi indriya AkAra rUpa racanA honA bAhya nirvRtti hai / jisake dvArA nivRtti kA upakAra kiyA jAtA hai use upakaraNa kahate haiM / vaha upakaraNa pUrva ke samAna do prakAra kA hai| jaise- bAhyAbhyantara ke bheda se nirvRtti do prakAra kI hai, usI prakAra upakaraNa bhI bAhyAbhyantara ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| A~kha meM sapheda aura kAlA maNDala Abhyantara upakaraNa hai aura palaka Adi bAhya upakaraNa hai| bhAva indriya kA svarUpa labdhyupayogau bhAvendriyam / ( 18 ) Bhavendriyas subjective sense, sense faculties (are of 2 kinds ) - (1) labdhi - It is the attainment of mainifestation of the sense faculty by the partial destruction subsidense and operation of the knowledgeobscuring karma relating to that sense. (2) upayoga The conscious attention of the soul directed to that sense. labdhi aura upayoga rUpa bhAvendriya hai| lAbha ko labdhi kahate haiM arthAt indriyoM kI racanA meM kAraNa bhUta jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama vizeSa ko labdhi kahate haiN| jisa jJAnAvaraNa karma ke vizeSa kSayopazamarUpa pariNAma ke rahane para AtmA dravyendriya kI racanA ke lie vyApAra karatA hai, jJAnAvaraNa karma ke usa kSayopazama vizeSa ko labdhi kahate haiM / tannimitta pariNAma vizeSa ko upayoga kahate haiM / jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama vizeSarUpa labdhi kA nimitta pAkara utpanna AtmA ke pariNAma vizeSa (jJAnAdi vyApAra ) ko upayoga kahate haiM / For Personal & Private Use Only 139

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bhAvendriya aura labdhi ka lakSaNa labdhistathayopayogazca labdhirbodharodhasya sA labdhi aura upayoga ko bhAvendriya kahA hai| jJAnAvaraNakarma kA jo kSamopazama hai vaha labdhi kahalAtI hai| upayoga kA lakSaNa aura usake bheda yaH bhAvendriyamudAhRtam / kSayopazamobhavet // 44 ( tatvArthasAra a. 2 pR.48) jisake sannidhAna se AtmA dravyendriya kI racanA ke prati vyApRta hotA hai aisA jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hone vAlA AtmA kA pariNAma upayoga kahalAtA hai| jJAna aura darzana ke bheda se mUla meM upayoga do prakAra haiM / phira jJAnopayoga ke ATha aura darzanopayoga ke cAra bheda milAkara bAraha prakAra kA hotA hai| 140 sa dravyendriyanirvRttiM prati vyApriyate yataH / karmaNo jJAnarodha kSamopazamahetuka: // ( 45 ) AtmanaH pariNAmo ya upayogaH sa kathyate / jJAnadarzanabhedena dvidhA dvAdazadhA puna: / / (46) THAT Organ of taste i.e. tongue ghrANa Organ of smell i.e. nose. The Senses are sparzana Qgran of touch, i.e. the whole body. paJca indriyoM ke nAma sparzarasanAghrANacakSuH zrotrANi / ( 19 ) cakSu Organ of sight ie eyes. zrota Organ of hearing i.e. ears. sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa cakSu aura zrota ye indriyA~ haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #152
jo svataMtra rUpa se kAma karatA ho use indra kahate haiN| sparzAdi svataMtra rUpa se kAma karate haiM isalie inheM 'indriya' kahate haiN| athavA saMsArI jIva ke cinha vizeSa ko indriya kahate haiN| yA saMsArI jIva jisa upakaraNa ke mAdhyama se bAhya vastu ko jAnatA hai use bhI indriya kahate haiN| vIryAntarAya aura matijJAna karma ke kSayopazama se tathA aMgopAMga nAma karma ke Alambana se AtmA jisake dvArA sparza karatA hai vaha sparzana indriya hai, jisake dvArA svAda letA hai vaha rasanA indriya hai, jisake dvArA sUMghatA hai vaha ghrANa indriya hai| unameM se yahA~ darzana rUpa artha liyA gayA hai isalie jisake dvArA padArthoM ko dekhatA hai vaha cakSu indriya hai tathA jisake dvArA sunatA hai vaha zrota indriya hai| isI prakAra ina indriyoM kI vivakSA bhI dekhI jAtI hai| jaise yaha merI A~kha acchI taraha dekhatI hai, yaha merA kAna acchI taraha sunatA hai| aura isaliye ina sparzana Adi sparzana indriya hai| jo svAda letI hai vaha rasanA indriya hai, jo sUMghatI hai vaha ghrANa indriya hai, jo dekhatI hai vaha cakSu indriya hai| indriyoM kA jo sparzana ke bAda rasanA aura usake bAda ghrANa ityAdi krama se nirdeza kiyA hai vaha eka-2 indriya kI isa krama se vRddhi hotI hai yaha dikhalAne ke lie kiyA hai| .. pUrva meM bhAvendriyoM ke svarUpa, viSaya krama, vRddhi, viSaya kSetra kA varNana ho cukA hai| kintu dravyendriyoM kA varNana bAkI hai| ataeva aba usI kA svarUpa batAne kI dRSTi se yahA~ indriyoM kI bAhya nivRtti kA svarUpa batAte haiN| apane-2 sthAna para jo karma rUpa pudgalavargaNAoM kA jo AkAra banatA hai usI ko bAhya nivRtti kahate haiN| cakSu zrota ghrANa aura jihvA ina cAra indriyoM kA AkAra niyata hai, parantu sparzana indriya kA AkAra niyata nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha sampUrNa zarIra ke sAtha vyApta hai aura zarIroM ke AkAra vibhinna prakAra ke huA karate haiN| tattat indriya ke sthAna para apane-2 AvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama rUpa kArmANa pudgalaskandha se yukta AtmA ke pradezoM kA jo AkAra banatA hai| usako Abhyantara nivRtti kahate haiN| sparzanendriya kI yaha Abhyantara nivRtti bhI bhinna-2 prakAra kI huA karatI haiN| 141 For Personal & Private Use Only

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indriyoM ke viSaya sprshrsgndhvrnnshbdaastdrthaaH| (20) The functions (of the 5 senses are to determine the various kinds of) touch, taste, smell, colour, and sound (respectively. P93f Touch is of 8 kinds: uSNa hot, zIta Cold, rUkSa rough; snigdha smooth; komala Soft; kaThora hard; laghu Light and guru heavy, rasa Taste is of 5 kinds. tikta pungent; amla acid, kaTU bitter madhura sweet and kaSAyalA astringent. gandha smell is of 2 kinds: Israel sweet smelling; fragrant gefaer thad-smelling; malodorous, varNa colour is of 5 kinds kRSNa black, nIla blue, pIta yellow zukla white, padam Pink, zabda Sound, svara is of 7 kinds; SaDja Sadja RSabha risabha, gandhAra Gandharamadhyama Madhyama paJcamaM Panchama; dhaivata dhavata and niSAdha nisadha, i.e. the do. re,me,fa, solla, si. sparzana, rasa, gandha, varNa, aura zabda ye krama se una indriyoM ke viSaya 1. sparzana indriya-saMsArI jIva jisa indriya ke mAdhyama se sthUla bhautika vastu ke sparza guNa ko chUkara jAnatA hai usako 'sparzana indriya' kahate haiN| jaise zIta, uSNa, komala-kaThora, halkA-bhArI, ThaMDA-garma kA jJAna sparza indriya se hotA hai| 2. rasanA indriya:- jisake mAdhyama se pudgala ke khaTTA-mIThA, kaDuvA kaSAyalAdi rasa guNa kA jJAna hotA hai use 'rasanA indriya' kahate haiN| 3. ghrANa indriya:- jisake mAdhyama se pudgala ke sugandha aura durgandha rUpI gandha guNa kA jJAna hotA hai use ghrANa indriya kahate haiN| 4. cakSu indriya:- jisake mAdhyama se pudgala ke nIlA, pIlA, harA, lAla, saphedAdi varNa guNa kA jJAna hotA hai use cakSuindriya kahate haiN| 5. karNa indriya- jisake mAdhyama se sA re gama zabda kA jJAna hotA hai use karNa indriya kahate haiN| gommaTTasAra meM indriyoM ke viSaya kSetra, AkAra, avagAhanAdi For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #154
kA varNana nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne nimna prakAra se kiyA hai: eiMdiyassa phusaNaM ekkaM vi ya hodi sesjiivaannN| * haoNti kamauDDiyAiM jinbhaaghaanncchisottaaiN|| (167) ekendriya jIva ke eka sparzanendriya hI hotI hai| zeSa jIvoM ke krama se jivhA ghrANa cakSu aura zrota bar3ha jAte haiN| ekendriya jIva ke kevala sparzanendriya, dvIndriya ke sparzana, rasanA (jivhA) trIndriyake sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa (nAsikA) caturindriyake sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, aura paMcendriya ke sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, zrotra hote haiN| ___ sparzanAdika indriyA~ kitanI dUra taka rakkhe hue apane viSaya kA jJAna kara sakatI haiM yaha batAne ke liye indriyoM kA viSayakSetra batAte haiM dhaNuvIsaDadasayakadI joynnchaadaalhiinntishssaa| aTThasahassa dhaNUNaM visayA duguNA asaNNi ti|| (168) sparzana, rasanA, prANa inakA utkRSTa viSayakSetra kramase cArasau dhanuSa, causaTha dhanuSa, sau dhanuSa pramANa hai| cakSukA utkRSTa viSayakSetra do hajAra navasau yojana hai| aura zrotendriya kA utkRSTa viSayakSetra ATha hajAra dhanuSa pramANa hai| aura Age asaMkSiparyanta dUnA viSaya bar3hatA gayA hai| saMjJI jIvakI indriyoM kA viSayakSetra saNNissa vAra sode, tiNhaMNava joyaNANi ckkhss| sattetAlasahassA besdtesttttimdireyaa||(169) ___ saMjJI jIva ke sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa ina tIna meM pratyeka viSaya kSetra nava-2 yojana hai| aura zrotrendriyakA bAraha yojana, tathA cakSukA seMtAlIsa hajAra dosau vesaThase kucha adhika viSayakSetra hai| _indriyoM kA AkAra cakkhU sodaM ghANaM jinbhAyAraM msuurjvnnaalii| atimuttakhurappasamaM phAsaM tu anneysNtthaannN|| (171) masUra ke samAna cakSukA javakI nalIke samAna zrotrakA tilake phUla ke 143 www.jali .

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samAna ghrANakA tathA khurapA ke samAna jivhAkA AkAra hai| aura sparzanendriya ke aneka prakAra haiN| indriyoM ke (dravyendriyoM ke) AkAra meM jo AtmA ke pradeza haiM unakA avagAhana pramANa batAte haiN| aMgulaasaMkhabhAgaM saMkhejjaguNaM tado viseshiyN| tatto asaMkhaguNidaM aMgulasaMkhejjayaM tttu|| (172) AtmapradezoM kI apekSA cakSurindriyakA avagAhana ghanAmulake asaMkhyAta bhAga pramANa hai| aura isase saMkhyAtaguNA zrotrendriyakA avagAhana haiN| zrotendriyakA jitanA pramANa hai usase palyake asaMkhyAta veM bhAga adhika ghrANendriya kA avagAhana hai| ghrANendriya ke avagAhana se palya ke asaMkhyAta veM bhAga guNA rasanendriya kA avagAhana hai| parantu sAmAnya kI apekSA guNAkAra aura bhAgahArakA apavartana karane se ukta cAroM hI indriyoM kA avagAhana pramANa ghanAGgula ke saMkhyAta bhAgamAtra hai| sparzanendriya ke pradezoM kA avagAhanapramANa suhamaNigodaapajjattayassa jAdassa tdiysmymhi| aDulaasaMkhabhAgaM jahaNNamukkassayaM mcche|| (173) sparzanendriyakI jaghanya avagAhanA ghanAmulake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa hai| aura yaha avagAhanA sUkSmanigodiyA labdhaparyAptaka ke utpanna hone se tIsare samaya meM hotI hai| utkRSTa avagAhanA mahAmatsya ke hotI hai, isakA pramANa saMkhyAta ghanAGgula hai| mana kA viSaya shrutmnindriysy| (21) (The function) of the mind (is the) cognition of scriptural knowledge. zruta mana kA viSaya hai| zrutajJAna kA viSaya bhUta artha zruta hai vaha anindriya arthAt mana kA viSaya hai, kyoMki zrutajJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama ko prApta hue jIva ke zrutajJAna ke viSaya 144 For Personal & Private Use Only

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meM Alambana se jJAna hotA hai| athavA zruta zabda kA artha zrutajJAna hai| aura vaha mana kA artha arthAt prayojana hai| yaha prayojana mana ke svata: AdhIna hai isameM use dUsare ke sAhAyya kI AvazyakatA nahIM lenI pdd'tii| yahA~ zruta zabda kA artha zrutajJAna kA viSaya yA zrutajJAna kiyA hai aura use anindriya kA viSaya batalAyA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki zrutajJAna kI upayoga dazA pA~ca indriyoM ke nimitta se na hokara kevala anindriya ke nimitta se hotI hai| isakA yaha abhiprAya nahIM ki, anindriya ke nimitta se kevala zrutajJAna hI hotA hai, kintu isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki, jisa prakAra matijJAna indriya aura anindriya donoM ke nimitta se hotA hai usa prakAra zrutajJAna ina donoM ke nimitta se na hokara kevala anindriya ke nimitta se hotA hai| indriyoM ke svAmI vanaspatyantAnAmekam (22) The earth- bodied, fire-bodied, air-bodied water-bodied up to the vegetable-bodied, souls (have only) one sense i,e, touch. They know only by means of touch. vanaspatikAyika taka ke jIvoM ke eka arthAt prathama indriya hotI hai| pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika kI kevala prathama indriya arthAt sparza indriya hI hotI hai| ... vIryAntarAya tathA sparzana indriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke hone para aura zeSa indriyoM ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM ke udaya hone para tathA zarIra nAmakarma ke Alambana hone para aura ekendriya jAti nAmakarma ke udaya kI AdhInatA ke rahate hue eka sparzana indriya prakaTa hotI hai| / kRmipipIlikAbhramaramanuSyAdInAmekaika vRddhAni / (23) kRmi Worms etc; (have 2 Senses : touch and taste). fuuftfacht Ants, ect; (have 3 Senses: touch, taste, smell.) bhramara Bumble-bee, etc. (have 4 Sense: touch, taste, smell and sight.) manuSya Man etc; (have 5 Sense: touch, taste, smell sight and hearing.) 145 * For Personal & Private Use Only

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kRmi, pipIlikA, bhramara aura manuSya Adi ke krama se eka-eka indriya adhika hotI hai| ____ indriyA~ eka-eka ke krama se bar3hI haiM isalie ve 'ekaikavRddha' kahI gayI haiN| ye indriyA~ kRmi se lekara bar3hI haiN| yahA~ sparzana indriya kA adhikAra hai| sparzana indriya se lekara eka-eka ke hone se krama se bar3hI haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ sambandha kara lenA caahie| 'Adi' zabda kA pratyeka ke sAtha sambandha hotA hai| jisase yaha artha huA ki krami Adi jIvoM ke sparzana, rasanA ye do indriyA~ hotI haiN| pipIlikA Adi jIvoM ke sparzana, rasanA, aura ghrANa ye tIna indriyA~ hotI haiN| bhramara Adi jIvoM ke sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa aura cakSu ye cAra indriyA~ hotI haiN| manuSyAdika ke zrotra indriya ke aura milA dene para pA~ca indriyA~ hotI haiN| isa prakAra ukta jIva aura indriya inakA yathAkrama se sambandha kA vyAkhyAna kiyaa| dviindriya jIva meM sparzana evam rasanA indriya sambandhI sarvaghAtispardhakoM kA kSayopazama rahatA hai evam inake hI dezaghAti spardhoM kA udaya rahatA hai| isI prakAra Age bhI jAna lenA caahie| kuMdakuMda deva ne paMcAstikAya meM trasa jIvoM kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA saMbukkamAdavAhA saMkhA sippI ApAdagA ya kimii| jANaMti rasaM phAsaM je te beiMdiyA jiivaa||(114) sparzanendriya aura rasanendriya ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa tathA zeSa indriyoM ke AvaraNa kA udaya tathA mana ke AvaraNa kA udaya hone se sparza aura rasa ko jAnane vAle vaha (zaMbUka Adi) jIva manarahita dvIndriya jIva haiN| trIndriya jIva - jUgAguMbhImakkaNapipIliyA vicchayAdiyA kiiddaa| jANaMti rasaM phAsaM gaMdha teindiyA jiivaa|| sparzendriya, rasanendriya aura ghrANendriya ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa tathA zeSa indriyoM ke AvaraNa kA udaya tathA mana ke AvaraNa kA udaya hone se 146 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sparza, rasa aura gaMdha ko jAnane vAle yaha (jU Adi) jIva manarahita trIndriya jIva haiN| caturindriya jIva uiMsamasayamakkhiyamadhukaribhamarA ptNgmaadiiyaa| rUvaM rasaM ca gaMdhaM phAsaM puNa te vijaannNti||(116) sparzanendriya, rasanendriya, ghrANendriya aura cakSurindriya ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa tathA zrotrendriya ke AvaraNa kA udaya tathA mana ke AvaraNa kA udaya hone se sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa ko jAnane vAle yaha (DAMsa Adi) jIva manarahita caturindriya jIva haiN| suraNaraNArayatiriyA vnnnnrsphphaasgNdhsddnnhu| jalacarathalacarakhacarA baliyA paMceMndriyA jiivaa||(117) sparzanendriya, rasanendriya,ghrANendriya, cakSurindriya aura zrotrendriya ke AvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa mana ke AvaraNa kA udaya hone se, sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa aura zabda ko jAnane vAle jIva mana rahita paMcendriya jIva haiM, kucha (paMcendriya jIva) hote haiM jinake manake AvaraNa bhI kSayopazama hone se saMjJI hai| unameM deva, manuSya aura nArakI manasahita hI hote haiM, tiryaMca donoM jAti ke (arthAt mana rahita tathA mana sahita) hote haiN| indriyoM kA viSaya kSetra... dhaNuvIsaDadasayakadI, joynnchaadaalhiinntishssaa| aTThasahassa dhaNUNaM, visayA duguNA asaNNi tti||(168) - go.sA. . ekendriya ke sparzanendriya kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra cAra sau dhanuSa hai| aura dvIndriyAdi ke vaha dUnA-dUnA hotA gayA hai| arthAt dvindriya ke ATha sau, trIndriya ke solaha sau, caturindriya ke battIsa sau, asaMjJI paMcendriya ke cauMsaTha sau dhanuSa sparzanendriya kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra hai| dvIndriya ke rasanendriya kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra cauMsaTha dhanuSa hai aura vaha bhI trIndriyAdika ke sparzanendriya ke viSaya kSetra 147 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kI taraha dUnA-dUnA hotA gayA hai| arthAt trIndriya ke 128 caturindriya ke 256 aura asaMjJIpaMcendriya ke rasanA kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra 512 dhanuSa pramANa haiN| isI prakAra ghrANa aura zrotra kA viSaya kSetra bhI samajha lenA caahiye| arthAt ghrANendriya kA viSaya kSetra trIndriya ke 100, caturindriya ke 200, aura asaMjJI. paMcendriya ke 400 dhanuSa pramANa hai| cakSundriya kA viSaya kSetra caturindriya ke 2954 aura asaMjJI paMcendriya ke 5908 yojana hai| asaMjJI paMcendriya ke zrotra kA viSaya 8000 dhanuSa hai| saMjJI jIva kI indriyoM kA viSaya kSetra saNNissa vAra sode, tiNhaMNava joyaNANi ckkhuss| sattetAlasahassA, besdtestttthimidireyaa||(169) saMjJI jIva ke sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa ina tIna indriyoM meM se pratyeka kA viSayabhUta kSetra nau-nau yojana hai| aura zrotrendriya kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra bAraha yojana hai| tathA cakSurindriya kA utkRSTa viSaya kSetra saMtAlIsa hajAra do sau tresaTha yojana se kucha adhika hai| samanaska kA svarUpa saMjJina: samanaskAH / (24) The rational (beings are also called-) visit- i.e. one who has got sanjna-mind here. manavAle jIva saMjJI hote haiN| ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya saMjJI jIva meM se paMcendriya sainI jIva adhika vikasita jIva hai kyoMki saMjJI jIva mana sahita hotA hai| mana do prakAra ke hai- (1) dravyamana (2) bhAvamana pudgalavipAkI aMgopAMga nAma karma ke udaya se dravyamana hotA hai tathA vIryAntarAya aura noindriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama kI apekSA rakhane vAle kI AtmA kI vizuddhi ko bhAvamana kahateM hai| yaha mana jina jIvoM ke pAyA jAtA hai ve samanaska hai aura unhe hI saMjJI kahate haiN| parizeSa nyAya se yaha siddha 148 For Personal & Private Use Only

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huA ki inake atirikta aura jitane jIva hote haiM ve asaMjJI hai| nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTTasAra meM saMjJI mArgaNA meM isakA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai goiMdiyaAvaraNakhaovasamaM tajjabohaNaM saNNA / sA jassa so du saNNI idaro sesiMdiavaboho // noindriyAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ko yA tajjanya jJAna ko saMjJA kahate haiN| yaha saMjJA jisake ho usako saMjJI kahate haiM / aura jinake yaha saMjJA na ho kintu kevala yathAsambhava indriyajanya jJAna ho unako asaMjJI kahate haiN| saMjJI asaMjJI kI pahacAna ke lie cinha : sikkhAkiriyuvadesAlAvaggAhI maNovalaMbeNa / jo jIvo so saNNI tavvivarIo asaNNI du 11 (661 ) hita kA grahaNa aura ahita kA tyAga jisake dvArA kiyA jAe usako 'zikSA' kahate haiM / icchApUrvaka hAtha paira ke calAne ko 'kriyA' kahate haiM / vacana athavA cAbuqa Adi ke dvArA batAye hue karttavya ko 'upadeza' kahate haiN| aura zloka Adi ke pATha ko AlApa kahate haiM / jo jIva ina zikSAdi ko mana ke avalambana se grahaNa = dhAraNa karatA hai usako saMjJI kahate haiN| aura jina jIvoM meM yaha lakSaNa ghaTita na ho usako asaMjJI kahate haiM / mImaMsadi jo puvvaM kajjamakajjaM ca taccamidaraM ca / sikkhadi NAmeNedi ya samaNo amaNo ya vivarido // jo jIva pravRtti karane se pahale apane karttavya aura akarttavya kA vicAra kareM tathA tattva aura atattva kA svarUpa samajha sake, aura jo nAma rakhA gayA ho usa nAma ke dvArA bulAne para A sake, unmukha ho yA uttara de sake usako samanaska yA saMjJI jIva kahate haiN| aura isase jo viparIta hai usako amanaska yA asaMjJI kahate haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 149

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saMjJImArgaNAgata jIvoM kI saMkhyA : devoM ke pramANa se kucha adhika saMjJI jIvoM kA pramANa hai / sampUrNa saMsArI va rAzi meM se saMjJI jIvoM kA pramANa ghaTAne para jo zeSa rahe utanA ho samasta asaMjJI jIvoM kA pramANa hai / [ gommaTTasAra, pR. 245] devahi sadirego rAsI saNNINa hodi parimANaM / teNUNo saMsArI savvesimasaNNijIvANaM // vigraha gati meM gamana kA kAraNa vigrahagatau karmayoga : 1 ( 25 ) . faufa Transmigration (i.e. the passage of the Soul from one incarnation to another there is only) body Vibration by which the electric and molecules are attracted by the Soul. vigrahagati meM karmayoga hotA hai| 'vigraha' kA artha deha hai| 'vigraha' arthAt zarIra ke lie jo gati hotI. hai vaha vigraha gati hai / athavA virUddha graha ko vigraha kahate haiM jisakA artha vyAghAta hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki, jisa avasthA meM karma ke grahaNa hone para bhI nokarmarUpa pudgaloM kA grahaNa nahIM hotA vaha 'vigraha' hai aura isa vigraha ke sAtha hone vAlI gati kA nAma vigrahagati hai / saba zarIroM kI utpatti ke mUlakAraNarUpa kArmaNa zarIra ko 'karma' kahate haiN| tathA vacanavargaNA, manovargaNA aura kAyavargaNA nimitta se hone vAle AtmapradezoM ke halanacalana ko 'yoga' kahate haiM / karma nimitta se jo yoga hotA hai vaha karmayoga hai| vaha vigrahagati meM hotA hai yaha ukta kathana kA tAtparya hai / isase nUtana karma kA grahaNa aura eka deza se dUsare deza meM gamana hotA hai| 150 For Personal & Private Use Only

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gamana kisa prakAra hotA hai anuzreNi gtiH| (26) In transmigration or passage from one incarnation to another the souls) movement (is always) in a straight line. FUT A straignht line of spatial units from end to end) parallel with one of the 6 directions; East-West, North, South, up and down either way. gati zreNI ke anusAra hotI hai| . loka ke madhya se lekara Upara nIce aura tirache krama se sthita AkAzapradezoM kI paMkti ko zreNI kahate haiN| __ anu zabda 'AnupUrvI' artha meM samasita hai| isalie 'anuzreNI' kA artha 'zreNI kI AnupUrvI se' hotA hai| isa prakAra kI gati jIva aura pudgaloM kI hotI hai yaha isakA bhAva hai| isa anuzzreNi gati meM kAlaniyama aura dezaniyama jAnanA caahie| 1. kAlaniyama yathA - maraNa ke samaya jaba jIva eka bhava ko chor3akara dUsare bhava ke lie gamana karate haiM aura mukta jIva jaba Urdhvagamana karate haiM taba unakI gati anuzreNi hI hotI hai| 2. dezaniyama yathA - jaba koI jIva urdhvaloka se adholoka ke prati yA adholoka se Urdhvaloka ke prati AtA jAtA hai| isI prakAra tiryagloka se adholoka ke prati yA Urdhvaloka ke prati jAtA hai taba usa avasthA meM gati anuzreNi hI hotI hai| isI prakAra pudgaloM kI jo loka ke anta ko prApta karAne vAlI gati hotI hai vaha anuzreNi hI hotI hai| hA~, isake atirikta jo gati hotI hai vaha anuzreNi bhI hotI hai aura vizreNi bhii| kisI eka prakAra kI hone kA koI niyama nahIM hai| 151 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #163
mukta jIvoM kI gati avigrahA jiivsy| (27) The soul in its pure condition, i.e. the liberated) soul has (a Straight upward) vertical movement, the movement is called 3 farier because it is quite direct and upward, vertical and there is no turning in it. mukta jIva kI gati vigraha rahita hotI hai| jIva kI svAbhAvika gati kA pratipAdana karate hae AcArya nemIcandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne dravyoM ke vibhinna pahaluoM kA saMkSipta evaM sAragarbhita pratipAdaka dravya saMgraha zAstra meM ullekha karate haiM ki "vissasoDDhagaI" arthAt jIva kI svAbhAvika gati urdhvagamana svarUpa hai| amRtacandra sUri tattvArthasAra meM jIva evaM pudgala ke svabhAva kA varNana karate hue ullekha karate hai ki urdhvagauravadharmANo jIvA iti jinottmaiH| adhogauravadharmANaH pudgalA iti coditm|| (32 a.pR.199) sarvajJa - sarvadarzI jinendra bhagavAna ne jIva ko urdhva gaurava (urdhva gurUtva) dharma vAlA batAyA hai aura pudgala ko adhogaurava (adhogurUtva) dharma vAlA pratipAdita kiyA hai| jIva kI svAbhAvika gati urdhva se urdhvagamana karane kI hai| pudgala (MATTER) kI svAbhAvika gati nIce se nIce kI ora hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki, jIva ke amUrtika (sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, vajana se rahita) evaM sthAnAntarita rUpa gati kriyA-zakti se yukta hone ke kAraNa usakI gati urdhvagamana honA svAbhAvika hai| udAharaNArtha :- hAiDrojana gaisa liijie| hAiDrojana gaisa se bhare hue bailUna ko mukta karane para vaha bailUna dhIre-2 Upara hI gamana karatA rahatA hai| yadi vaha bailUna kisI kAraNavaza phaTA nahIM to vaha gati karate-2 usa U~cAI taka pahu~cegA jahA~ taka vAyumaNDala kI taha meM hAiDrojana hI hAiDrojana gaisa hai| hAiDrojana - bailUna kA Upara svAbhAvika gamana karane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki hAiDrojana gaisa sAdhAraNa havA se 14 guNA halkI hotI hai| jaba hAiDrojana 152 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #164
havA se 14 guNA halkI hone ke kAraNa vaha bailUna Upara hI Upara ur3atA hai, to zuddha jIva, jo pUrNata: vajana (bhAra) zUnya hai, kA Upara gamana karanA svAbhAvika hai| pudgala; meM sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, bhArAdi ke sAtha - 2 sthAnAntarita gati zakti yukta hone se pudgala kA adhogaurava svabhAva honA bhI svAbhAvika hai| yahA~ para jijJAsA honA svAbhAvika hai ki jIva kI svAbhAvika gati urdhvagamana svarUpa hai to yaha saMsArI jIva vibhinna prakAra kI vakrAdi gati se vizva ke vibhinna bhAga meM kyoM paribhramaNa karatA hai ?. isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate hue amRtacaMdra sUri batAte haiM : adhastiryaktathodhva ca jIvAnAM karmajA gatiH / udrardhvameva svabhAvena bhavati kSINakarmaNAm // ( 34 ) jIva kI saMsAra avasthA meM jo vibhinna gati hotI hai, vaha svAbhAvika gati nahIM hai| jIva kI saMsArAvasthA kI adhogati, tiryakgati, urdhvagati karma janita hai| sampUrNa karma se rahita jIva ke kevala eka svAbhAvika urdhvagati hI hotI hai| prasiddha vaijJAnika nyUTana ke gati sambandhI prathama siddhAnta ke anusAra "A body at rest will remain at rest and a body moving with uniform velocity in a straight line will continue to do unless an external force is applied to it." : arthAt eka dravya, jo virAma avasthA meM hai vaha virAmAvasthA meM hI rahegA tathA eka dravya jo sIdhI rekhA meM gatizIla hai, vaha gatizIla hI rahegA, jaba taka dravya kI avasthA meM parivartana karane ke lie koI bAhya bala na lagAyA jaae| ( eka dravya taba taka sthira rahatA hai jaba taka bAhya zakti kA prayoga usako gatizIla karAne meM nahIM hotA hai tathA eka dravya avirAma gati se eka sIdhI rekhA meM taba taka calatA rahatA hai, jaba taka usa para kisI bAhya zakti kA prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai|) koI bhI dravya yadi kisI eka dik kI ora gati karatA hai, to vaha dravya usa dik meM ananta kAla taka avirAma, aparivartita gati se gati karatA hI rahegA, jaba taka koI virodhI zakti yA dravya usa gati kA virodha nahIM For Personal & Private Use Only 153

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karegA / dik ananta kAla ananta evam zakti akSaya hone se, jisa dik meM eka dravya gati karatA hai, vaha dravya usa dik ke ananta AkAza kI ora ananta kAla taka gati karatA hI rahatA hai, parantu kendrAkarSaNa zakti, bAhya bhautika yA jaivika Adi virodha zakti ke kAraNa usa gati meM parivartana A jAtA hai| jaise eka geMda ko yadi Urdhva dik meM pheMkate hai to vaha kucha samaya ke pazcAt nIce gira jAtI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki, geMda ko Upara pheMkane ke lie jo zakti prayoga kI gaI thI, usase vaha Upara kI ora uThI thI, parantu pRthvI kI kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke kAraNa usameM parivartana AyA aura kucha samaya ke bAda usa geMda kI urdhva gati meM parivartana hokara adhogati ho gaI / ' eka anya udAharaNa kheta se pakSI ur3Ane vAle rassI ke eka yaMtra vizeSa meM patthara Adi rakhakara rassI ke donoM choroM ko pakar3akara apanI ora ghumAte haiN| rassI ke sAtha - 2 patthara bhI ghUmatA rahatA hai| kucha samaya ke bAda rassI ke eka chora ko chor3a dete haiM jisase vaha patthara chUTa kara sIdhA dUra jAtA hai| jisa samaya, vaha vyakti rassI ke donoM chora pakar3akara ghumA rahA thA, usa samaya patthara usa vyakti kI ghumAva zakti se prerita hokara Age bhAgane kA prayAsa karatA thA, parantu donoM chora ko pakar3akara ghumAne ke kAraNa vaha patthara rassI ke sAtha - 2 vartulAkAra meM ghUmatA rahatA thaa| jaba usa vyakti ne rassI ke eka chora ko chor3a diyA to vaha patthara usa bandhana mukta hokara Age bhAgA / isI prakAra jIva kI svAbhAvika urdhvagati hote hue bhI virodhAtmaka karma zakti se prerita hokara karma saMyukta saMsArI jIva caturgati rUpI saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai, parantu jaba vaha karmabandhanoM se mukta ho jAtA hai taba anya gatiyoM nivRtta hokara svAbhAvika urdhva gati se gamana karatA hai| 154 - prakRti-bandha, sthitI - bandha, anubhAga-bandha, pradeza- bandha se sampUrNa rUpa se mukta hone ke bAda parizuddha svataMtra zuddhAtmA tiryak Adi gatiyoM ko chor3akara urdhva gamana karatA hai| paryAr3a Thidi aNubhAgappadesa baMdhehiM savvado mukko / uDDuM gacchadi sesA vidisA vajjaM gadiM jaMti // For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #166
saMsArI jIvoM kI gati aura samaya vigrahavatI ca saMsAriNaH prAk cturthyH| (28) lausanit Passage from one incarnation to another of a mundane soul (takes place) before 4 (as at the most.) A HUT is the time taken by an atom of matter in passing from one pradeza i.e. point of space to the next. ___ saMsArI jIvoM kI gati vigraharahita aura vigrahavAlI hotI hai| usameM vigrahavAlI gati cAra samaya se pahale arthAt tIna samaya taka hotI hai| parantu cauthe samaya meM nahIM hotI hai| niSkuTa kSetra meM utpanna hone vAle jIva ko sabase adhika mor3e lene par3ate haiM, kyoMki vahA~ AnupUrvI se anuzreNikA abhAva hone se iSugati nahIM ho paatii| ata: yaha jIva niSkuTa kSetra ko prApta karane ke lie tIna mor3evAlI gati kA prArambha karatA hai| yahA~ isase adhika mor3oM kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI kyoMki, isa prakAra kA koI upapAda-kSetra nahIM pAyA jAtA, ata: mor3e vAlI gati tIna samaya taka hI hotI hai, cauthe samaya meM nahIM hotii| 'ca' zabda samuccaya ke lie diyA hai| jisase vigraha vAlI aura vigraharahita. donoM gatiyoM kA samuccaya hotA hai| tattvArthasAra meM kahA hai ki savigrahA'vigrahA ca sA vigrhgtirvidhaa| avigrahaiva muktasya zeSasyAniyamaH punH|| (99) avigrahakasamayA kathiteSu gtirjinaiH| 'anyA dvisamayA proktA paannimuktaikvigrhaa|| (100) dvivigrahAM trisamayAM prAhurlAGgalikAM jinaaH| gomUtrikA tu samayaizcaturbhi: syaantrivigrhaa|| (101) samayaM pANimuktAyAmanyasyAM smydvym| tathA gomUtrikAyAM trInanAhAraka issyte||(102) a.2pR.62 savigrahA- mor3asahita aura avigrahA moDarahita ke bheda se vaha vigrahagati do prakAra kI hotI hai| mukta jIva kI gati avigrahA- mor3arahita hI hotI hai| 155 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zeSa jIvoM kI gati kA koI niyama nahIM hai| arthAt unakI gati donoM prakAra kI hotI hai| jisa gati meM vigraha mor3a nahIM hotA usameM eka samaya lagatA hai tathA jinendra bhagavAn ne usakA iSugatinAma kahA hai| jisameM eka mor3a lenA par3atA hai usameM do samaya lagate haiM tathA isakA 'pANimuktA' nAma hai| jisameM do mor3a lenA par3ate haiM usameM tIna samaya lagate haiM tathA jinendra bhagavAn 'lAGgalikAgati' kahate haiN| jisameM tIna mor3a lenA par3ate haiM usameM cAra samaya lagate haiM aura use 'gomUtrikA' kahate haiN| pANimuktAgati meM jIva eka samaya taka, lAGgalikAgati meM do samaya taka aura gomUtrikAgati meM tIna samaya taka anAhAraka rahatA hai| iSugati meM jIva anAhAraka nahIM hotaa| avigraha gati kA samaya eksmyaa'vigrhaa| (29) Where the passage is straight and there is no turning, it takes only one samaya. Even an atom of matter in going one end of the universe to the other in a straight upward or vertical direction; takes only one Samaya if it goes fastest. eka samaya vAlI gati vigraharahita hotI hai| jisa gati meM eka samaya lagatA hai vaha eka samayavAlI gati hai| jisa gati meM vigraha arthAt mor3A nahIM lenA par3atA vaha mor3Arahita gati hai| gamana karane vAle jIva aura pudgaloM ke vyAdhAta ke abhAva meM eka samayavAlI gati lokaparyanta bhI hotI hai| vigraha gati meM AhAraka, anAhAraka kI vyavasthA ekaM dvau triinvaa'naahaarkH| (30) (In the) one, two or three (samayes of its pessage, the soul remeins) anAhAraka non- assismilative (that is does not attract the molecules of aharaka assimilative matter of which the external bodies, i.e. the physical, fluid and aharaka bodies are formed. eka do yA tIna samaya taka jIva anAhAraka rahatA hai| tIna zarIra aura deha - 156 For Personal & Private Use Only

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paryApti ke yogya pudgala vargaNAoM ke grahaNa karane ko 'AhAra' kahate haiM / ( yahA~ AhAra zabda bhojana grahaNa artha meM nahIM hai) jina jIvoM ke isa prakAra AhAra nahIM hotA ve anAhAraka kahalAte haiN| kintu kAmArNa zarIra ke sadbhAva meM karma ke grahaNa karane meM antara nahIM pdd'taa| jaba yaha jIva upapAda kSetra ke prati Rjugati meM rahatA hai taba vaha AhAraka hotA hai| bAkI ke tInoM samayoM anAhAraka hotA hai| jIva eka samaya do samaya aura tIna samaya taka anAhAraka hotA hai| janma ke bheda saMmUrcchanagarbhopapAdA janma: / ( 31 ) Birth if of 3 kinds saMmUrcchana Spontaneous generation garbha Uterine birth upavAda Instantaneous rise. saMmUrcchana garbha aura upapAda ye (tIna) janma haiN| sampUrNa vizva ke anaMtAnaMta jIva mukhyataH tIna rUpa se janma grahaNa karate haiN| (1) sammUrcchana (2) garbha (3) upapAda / 1. sammUrcchana janma - tInoM lokoM meM Upara, nIce aura tirache deha kA cAroM ora se mUrcchana arthAt grahaNa honA sammUrcchana hai / isakA abhiprAya hai cAroM ora se pudgaloM kA grahaNa kara avayavoM kI racanA honA / ekendriya se lekara caturandriya taka ke jIvoM kA janma sammUrcchana hI hotA hai / . 2. garbha janma - strI ke udara meM zukra aura zoNita ke paraspara garaNa arthAt 'mizraNa ko garbha janma kahate haiN| 3. upapAda janma- prApta hokara jisameM jIva halana calana karatA hai use upapAda kahate haiM / upapAda yaha deva aura nArakiyoM ke utpatti sthAna vizeSa kI saMjJA hai / saMsArI jIvoM ke ye tInoM janma ke bheda haiM, jo zubha aura azubha pariNAmoM nimitta se aneka prakAra ke karma ba~dhate haiM, unake phala haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 157

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yoniyoM ke bheda sacittazItasaMvRtAH setarA mizrAzcaikazastadyonayaH / (32) Living matter, cold, covered with their opposities, and the combination of each (pair) (are) their nuclei or birth places. sif nucleus the material environment in which the incarnating soul finds lodgment, is of 9 kinds:- (1) sacitta of living matter. (2) acitta of matter only with no life. (3) sacittAcitta of living and dead matter. (4) zIta Cold (5) uSNa hot. (6) zItoSNa Where life is generated by the Co-existense of cold and heat. (7) saMvRtta Covered. (8) vivRta Exposed. (9) Hga faqa Part exposed and part covered. * sacitta, zIta aura saMvRtta tathA inakI pratipakSabhUta acitta, uSNa aura vivRta tathA mizra arthAt sacittAcitta, zItoSNa aura saMvRttavivRtta ye usakI arthAt janma kI yoniyA~ haiN| ___saMsArI jIva ke yonibhUta sthAna yA AdhAra ko 'yoni' kahate haiN| citta sahita yoni ko sacitta yoni kahate haiN| AtmA ke caitanya rUpa vizeSa pariNAma ko citta kahate haiN| zItala sparza yukta yoni ko zIta yoni kahate haiN| bhale prakAra DhakI yoni ko saMvRtta yoni kahate haiN| 'saMvata' kA artha hai jo dekhane meM na aaye| ubhayarUpa yoni ko mizra kahate haiM arthAt sacittAcitta, zItoSNa, saMvRtta vivRtta yoni kahate haiN| yoni aura janma meM AdhAra adheya dRSTi se bheda hai| ye sacitta Adika yoniyA~ AdhAra haiM aura janma ke bheda Adheya haiN| kyoMki sacitta Adi yonirUpa AdhAra meM saMmUrcchana Adi janma ke dvArA AtmA, zarIra, AhAra aura indriyoM 158 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke yogya pudgaloM kA grahaNa karatA hai| deva aura nArakiyoM kI acitta- yoni hotI hai, kyoMki unake upapAdadeza ke pudgala pracayarUpa yoni acitta hai| garbhajoM kI mizra yoni hotI hai, kyoMki unakI mAtA ke udara meM zukra aura zoNita acitta hote haiM jinakA sacitta mAtA kI AtmA se mizraNa hai isalie vaha mizra yoni hai| samUchenoM kI tIna prakAra kI yoniyA~ hotI haiN| kinhIM kI sacitta yoni hotI haiM, kinhIM kI acittayoni hotI hai aura kinhIM kI mizra yoni hotI hai| sAdhAraNa zarIra jIvoM kI sacitta yonI hotI hai| kyoMki ye eka-dUsare ke Azraya se rahate haiN| inase atirikta zeSa saMmUrcchana jIvoM ke acitta aura mizra donoM prakAra kI yoniyA~ hotI haiN| deva aura nArakiyoM kI zIta aura uSNa donoM prakAra kI yoniyA~ hotI haiM, kyoMki inake kucha upapAdasthAna zIta haiM aura kucha ussnn| tejaskAyika jIvoM kI uSNayoni hotI hai| inase atirikta jIvoM kI yoniyA~ tIna prakAra kI hotI haiN| kinhIM kI zIta yoniyA~ hotI hai, kinhIM kI uSNayoniyA~ hotI hai aura kinhIM kI mizrayoniyA~ hotI hai| deva, nArakI aura ekendriyoM kI saMvRta yoniyA~ hotI haiN| vikalendriyoM kI vivRta yoniyA~ hotI haiN| tathA garbhajoM kI mizra yoniyA~ hotI haiN| ina saba yoniyoM ke caurAsI lAkha bheda haiM yaha bAta Agama se jAnanI caahie| kahA bhI hai- 'NiccidaradhAdu satta ya tarU viyalidiesu chccev| saraNirayatiriya cauro coisa maMNue sdshssaa||" nityanigoda, itaranigoda, pRthivIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika aura vAyukAyika jIvoM kI sAta-sAta lAkha yoniyA~ haiN| vRkSoM kI dasa lAkha yoniyA~ haiN| vikalendriyoM kI milAkara chaha lAkha yoniyA~ haiN| deva, nArakI aura tiryaMcoM kI cAra-cAra lAkha yoniyA~ hai tathA manuSyoM kI caudaha lAkha yoniyoM haiN| garbha janma kisake hotA hai? jarAyujANDajapotAnAM grbhH| (33) Uterine birth is of 3 kinds. jarAyuja Umbilical birth in a yolk, sack, flesh envelope, like a human child. aNDaja Incubatory. Birth from a shell like an egg. . 159 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pota Unumbilical. Birth without any sack or shell, like a cub of a lion or a kitten. jarAyuja, aNDaja aura pota jIvoM kA garbha janma hotA hai| (1) jarAyuja- jAla ke samAna prANiyoM ke pariAvaraNa ko jarAyu kahate haiN| garbhAzaya meM prANI ke Upara jo mAMsa aura rakta kA jAla ke samAna AvaraNa hotA hai use jarAyu kahate haiN| manuSya, gAya, bhaiMsa Adi ke janma jarAjuya haiN| jarAjuya prANI Adhunika vijJAna ke anusAra aura jainadharma ke anusAra unnatazIla jIva hote haiN| vizeSata: ye jIva sthalacara hote haiN| (2) aNDaja- zukra aura zoNita se pariveSTita nakha ke UparI bhAga ke samAna kaThina aura golAkAra aNDA hotA hai| jo nakha kI chAla ke samAna kaThora ho, pitA ke vIrya aura mAtA ke rakta se pariveSTita ho tathA zveta varNa tathA golAkAra ho usakA nAma aNDA hai| isa aNDe meM janma lene vAle ko aNDaja kahate hai| cIla, kabUtara, totA; mainA (sArikA) Adi aNDaja prANI hai| yaha prANI vizeSata: AkAzacara hote haiN| kucha aNDaja jalacara bhI hote haiM jaiseghar3iyAla (mgrmcch)| (3) potajanma- sampUrNa avayava tathA parispanda sAmarthya se upalakSita pota hai| jo garbhAzaya se nikalate hI calane-phirane ke sAmarthya se yukta haiM- sampUrNa avayava vAlA hai aura jisake Upara koI AvaraNa nahIM hai vaha pota kahalAtA hai| jarA meM utpanna hone vAlA jarAjuya, aNDe meM utpanna hone vAlA aNDaja aura AvaraNa rahita pota hai| upapAda janma kisake hotA hai ? devnaarkaannaamuppaadH| (34) upapAda i.e. birth by instantaneous rise is peculiar to hellish and celertial beings deva aura nArakiyoM kA upapAda janma hotA hai| 160 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sammUrcchana janma kisake hotA hai ? zeSANAM saMmUrcchanam / (35) All the rest i.e. except those born by embroyonic birth and instsaneous rise are born by spontaneous generation zeSa saba jIvoM kA saMmUrcchana janma hotA hai / garbha janma jarAju, aNDaja aura pota jIvoM kA hI hotA hai| yA jarAyuja, aNDaja aura pota jIvoM ke garbha janma hI hotA hai| deva aura nArakiyoM ke upapAda janma hI hotA hai| sammUrcchana janma zeSa jIvoM ke hI hotA hai yA zeSa jIvoM ke saMmUrcchana janma hI hotA hai / ekendriya se lekara asaMjJI paMcendriya taka tiryaMcoM kA niyama se saMmUrcchana janma hI hotA hai| anya jIvoM ke garbha aura saMmUrcchana donoM hotA hai| labdhyaparyAptaka manuSyoM ke bhI saMmUrcchana janma hotA hai| cAroM tarapha se pudgala kA ikaTThA hokara zarIra banane ko saMmUrcchana kahate haiN| saMmUrcchana janma anyatra sthAnoM meM hotA hai| mUrcchana ma sacitta, acitta, mizra tInoM taraha kI yoniyA~ hotI hai| saMmUrcchana janma meM zIta, uSNa aura mizra tInoM yoniyA~ hotI hai| paMcendriya saMmUrcchana jIvoM kI vikalatrayoM kI taraha vivRtta yoni hI hotI hai| paMcendriya saMmUrcchana tiryaMca karmabhUmiyAM hI hote haiN| paMcendriya tiryaMca garbhaja tathA saMmUrcchana hI hote haiN| saMmUrcchana jIvoM ke udAharaNa- kAI, zaivAla, chatraka (kukuramuktA ) anAja ke kIr3e, gobara Adi meM utpanna hone vAle kiidd'e| dekhane meM Ate haiM ki zIta Rtu meM sema kI latA evaM patte meM zAma taka kIr3e nahIM hote haiM parantu subaha hone para saiMkar3o kIDe latA eva patte meM ho jAte haiN| yaha saba jIva kahA~ se Aye ? yaha saba usI vAtAvaraNa ke kAraNa vahA~ utpanna ho rahe haiN| isakA matalaba yaha nahIM ki usa vAtAvaraNa se jIva kI utpatti huI hai parantu usa vAtAvaraNa meM vigraha gati se anya sthAna se Akara jIva janma lete haiN| DArvina Adi vaijJAnika loga jo rasAyanika prakriyA se jIva kI sRSTi mAnate hai vaha siddhAnta zarIra kI apekSA evam janma kI apekSA satya hote hue bhI avidyamAna jIva kI utpatti mAnanA mithyA hai| kyoMki rasAyanika tatva bhautika hai aura zarIra bhI For Personal & Private Use Only 161

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bhautika hai isalie zarIra kI saMracanA rasAyanika dravya va parivartana se saMbhava hai parantu jIva (AtmA) abhautika, amUrtika, caitanya yukta hone ke kAraNa isakI utpatti bhautika dravya se nahIM ho sktii| zarIra ke nAma va bheda audArikavaikriyikAhArakataijasakArmaNAni shriiraanni| (36) The bodies are of 5 kinds(1) audarika The physical. (2) vaikriyaka, Fluid (3) AhAraka assimilative: (4) taijasa Electric. (5) kArmANa, Karmic audarika, vaikriyaka, AhAraka, taijasa aura kArmANa ye pA~ca zarIra haiN| (1) audArika purumahadudArUrAlaM, eyaTTho saMvijANa tamhi bhvN| orAliyaM (230 go. sA.jI.) puru. mahat, udAra, urAla, ye saba zabda eka hI sthUla artha ke vAcaka haiN| udAra meM jo hoya usako kahate haiM audaarik| (2) vaikriyakavivihaguNaiGijuttaM, vikkiriyaM vA hu hodi veguvvN| (232) nAnA prakAra ke guNa aura RddhiyoM se, yuktadeva tathA nArakiyoM ke zarIra ko vaikriyika athavA vigUrva kahate haiN| vikriyA kA artha zarIra ke svAbhAvika AkAra ke sivAya vibhinna AkAra banAnA hai| deva aura nArakiyoM ke zarIra kA nirmANa jina vargaNAoM se huA karatA hai unameM yaha yogyatA rahA karatI hai| ataeva unako vaikriyika yA vaigUrvika vargaNA kahate haiN| inase niSpanna zarIra ko vaikriyika zarIra kahate haiN| 162 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(3) AhAraka AhArassudayeNa ya, pamattani sa hodi aahaarN| . asaMjamapariharaNaLaM, .saM haviNAsaNaTheM c|| (235) asaMyama parihAra karane ke lie tathA saMdeha ko dUra karane ke liye AhAraka kRddhi ke dhAraka chaThe guNasthAnavartI muni ke AhAraka zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se AhAraka zarIra hotA hai yaha zarIra audArika athavA vaikriyika zarIra kI taraha jIvana bhara nahI rahA karatA, kintu jinako AhAraka Rddhi prApta hai aise pramatta muni apane prayojana vaza unako utpanna kiyA karate haiN| isake lie muniyoM ke mukhyatayA do prayojana batAye gaye haiM- asaMyama kA parihAra aura saMdeha kA nivaarnn| DhAI dvIpa meM pAye jAne vAle tIrthoM Adi kI vandanA ke lie jAne meM jo asaMyama ho sakatA hai vaha na ho isliye| arthAt binA asaMyama ke bhI tIrtha kSetroM Adi ke vandanA karma kI siddhi| isI taraha kadAcit zruta ke kisI artha ke viSaya meM aisA koI saMdeha ho jo ki dhyAnAdi ke liye bAdhaka ho aura usakI nivRtti kevalI, zrutakevalI ke binA ho nahIM sakatI ho to usa sandeha ko dUra karane ke liye bhI AhAraka zarIra kA nirmANa huA karatA hai| kintu yaha zarIra AhAraka zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya ke binA nahIM huA karatA tathA muniyoM ke hI hotA hai aura unake bhI apramatta avasthA meM na hokara pramatta avasthA meM hI utpanna huA karatA hai| apramatta yA asaMyama avasthA meM kadApi nahIM hotA hai| AhAraka zarIra kisa avasthA meM aura kina-kina prayojanoM se muniyoM ke utpanna huA karatA hai isa bAta ko AcArya spaSTa karate haiM: Niyakhette kevalidugavirahe nnikkmnnphudikllaanne| parakhette saMvitte, jiNa jiNagharavaMdaNaTuM c|| (236) . apane kSetra meM kevalI tathA zrutakevalI kA abhAva hone para kintu dUsare kSetra meM jahA~ para ki audarika zarIra se usa samaya pahu~cA nahIM jA sakatA kevalI yA zrutakevalI ke vidyamAne rahane para athavA tIrthaMkaroM ke dIkSA kalyANa Adi tIna kalyANakoM meM se kisI ke hone para tathA jina, jinagRha caitya, caityAlayoM 163 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kI vandanA ke lie bhI AhAraka-RddhivAle chaTe guNasthAnavartI pramatta muni ke AhAraka zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se yaha zarIra utpanna huA karatA hai| AhAraka zarIra kA svarUpa uttama aMgamhi have, dhAduvihINaM suhaM asNhnnnnN| . suha saMThANaM dhavalaM, hatthapamANaM pasatthudayaM // (237) yaha AhAraka zarIra rasAdika dhAtu aura saMhananoM se rahita tathA samacaturastra saMsthAna se yukta evaM candrakAMta maNi ke samAna zveta aura zubha nAmakarma ke udaya se zubha avayavoM se yukta huA karatA hai| yaha eka hastapramANa vAlA aura AhAraka zarIra Adi prazasta nAmakarmoM ke udaya se uttamAMga-zira meM se utpanna huA karatA hai| AhAraka zarIra ke jaghanya aura utkRSTa pramANa avvAghAdI aMtomuttakAlaTThidI jhnnnnidre| pajjattIsaMpuNNe maraNaM pi kadAci saMbhavaI // (238) yaha AhAraka zarIra donoM hI tarapha se vyAghAta rahita hai| na to isa zarIra ke dvArA kisI bhI anya padArtha kA vyAghAta hotA hai aura na kisI dUsare padArtha ke dvArA isa AhAraka zarIra kA hI vyAghAta huA karatA hai; kyoMki isameM yaha sAmarthya hai- yaha itanA sUkSma huA karatA hai ki vajrapaTala ko bhI bheda kara jA sakatA hai| isakI jaghanya aura utkRSTa donoM hI prakAra kI sthiti antarmuhUrta pramANa hI hai| AhAraka zarIra paryApti ke pUrNa hone para kadAcit AhAraka RddhivAle muni kA maraNa bhI ho sakatA hai| AhAraka kAyayogakA nirukti siddha artha Aharadi aNeNamuNI, suhame atthe sayassa sNdehe| gattA kevalipAsaM tamhA AhArago jogo||(239) chaTTe guNasthAnavartI muni apane ko saMdeha hone para isa zarIra ke dvArA kevalI ke pAsa meM jAkara sUkSma padArthoM kA AharaNa (grahaNalA hai isalie isa zarIra ke dvArA hone vAle yoga ko AhAraka kAyayogakA 164 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(4) kArmANakammeva ya kammabhavaM......(241) jJAnAvaraNAdika aSTa karmoM ke samUha ko athavA kArmaNa zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAlI kAyako kArmaNakAya kahate haiN| . orAliyavegubviya, aahaarytejnnaamkmmudye| cauNokammasarIrA kammeva ya hodi kammaiyaM // (244) . audArika, vaikriyaka, AhAraka, taijasa nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAle cAra zarIroM ko nokarma kahate haiM aura kArmaNa zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAle jJAnAvaraNAdika ATha karmoM ke samUha ko kAmarNa zarIra kahate haiN| zarIroM kI sUkSmatA kA varNana . paraM paraM suukssmm| (37) (Of these 5 bodies) each successive one is finer i.e. subtler than the one preceding it. Age-Age kA zarIra sUkSma haiN| pUrva-2 zarIra se uttara-2 zarIra sUkSma-2 haiN| sabase sthUla zarIra audArika zarIra hai| audarika zarIra se sUkSma vaikriyika zarIra hai| vaikriyika zarIra se sUkSma AhAraka zarIra hotA hai| AhAraka zarIra se sUkSma taijasa zarIra hai| taijasa zarIra se sUkSma kArmANa zarIra hai| ye pAMcoM zarIra meM se pUrva-2 zarIra se uttara-2 zarIra sUkSma hote hue bhI jina paramANuoM se ye zarIra baneM hai ve paramANu uttarottara .kama nahIM hai kintu adhika-adhika hai isakA varNana svayaM sUtrakAra Age kara * 'rahe haiN| pUrva-2 zarIra se uttara uttara zarIra ke paramANu adhika-2 hote hue bhI unake sUkSma baMdha vizeSa ke kAraNa athavA sUkSma pariNamana ke kAraNa pUrva-2 zarIra. se uttara-2 zarIra sUkSma hote jAte haiN| isakA vizeSa varNana isI tattvArtha - sUtra ke paMcama adhyAya meM kregeN| 165 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zarIra ke pradezoM kA vicAra pradezato'saMkhyeya guNaM praaktaijsaat| (38) From the Ist to the 3rd body i.e. up to the electric body each one has innumerable times the number of atoms which are in the one preceding it. taijasa se pUrva tIna zarIroM meM Age-Age kA zarIra pradezoM kI apekSA asaMkhyAtaguNA hai| __ yahA~ para pradeza kA artha paramANu hai| jisakA guNAkAra asaMkhyAta hai vaha asaMkhya guNA hai| arthAt prAkRta saMkhyA ko asaMkhyAta meM guNA karanA caahie| audArika zarIra anantAnanta paramANu se banatA hai| yahA~ para audArika zarIra ke prAkRta saMkhyAta (ikAI) hai| audArika zarIra ke paramANu se vaikriyika zarIra ke paramANu asaMkhyAta-guNita hai aura vaikriyika zarIra se AhAraka zarIra ke paramANu asaMkhyAt guNita hai| uttarottara zarIra ke paramANu asaMkhyAta hote hue bhI bandha vizeSa ke kAraNa pUrva-pUrva zarIra se uttara-uttara zarIra sUkSma hai| jaisesamapradeza vAle lohA aura ruI ke piNDa meM paramANuoM ke nivir3a aura zithila saMyoga kI dRSTi se avagAhana kSetra meM tAratamya hai, usI prakAra vaikriyika Adi zarIroM meM uttarottara nivir3a saMyoga hone se alpakSetratA aura sUkSmatA hai| isaliye uttara zarIra meM asaMkhyeya guNA pradeza hone para bhI baMdha vizeSa kI apekSA alpatva jAnanA caahiye| zarIra ke pradezoM kA vicAra anantaguNe pre| (39) Of the last two i.e. the electric and the karmic bodies, each one compared with the body immediately preceding it has an infinite-fold (number of atoms.) paravartI do zarIra pradezoM kI apekSA uttarottara anantaguNe haiN| AhAraka se taijasa aura tejasa se kArmaNa kramaza: anantaguNe pradeza vAle haiN| pradezata: isakA anuvartana hai isaliye isake sAtha isa prakAra sambandha kiyA 166 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jAtA hai ki AhAraka se taijasa aura taijasa se kArmaNa zarIra ke pradeza anantaguNe haiN| isakA guNAkAra abhavya jIvoM se anantaguNA aura siddhoM ke anantaveM bhAga anaMtaguNatva hone se donoM meM tulya pradeza haiM- aisA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki anaMta ke bhI anaMta vikalpa hote haiN| anaMtaguNA hone se taijasa aura kArmaNa meM tulya pradeza haiM aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki asaMkhyAta ke asaMkhyAta vikalpa ke samAna ananta ke bhI anaMta vikalpa hote haiN| ___ AhAraka se donoM ananta guNe haiM, aisA nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki paraMparaM" isa sUtra kA abhisambandha hai| 'paraM-paraM' kA sambandha hone se taijasa se kArmaNa meM anaMta guNe pradeza jAne jAte haiN| taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra kI vizeSatA aprtiipaate| (40) The electric and karmic bodies are unpreventible in their passage i,e, they can penetrate and permeate upto the end of the universe . pratIghAMtarahita hai| taijasa evaM kArmaNa zarIra sarvatra apratighAta (pratighAta se rahita) hai| . mUrtimAn padArtha ke dvArA vyAghAta ko pratighAta kahate haiN| mUrtimAna padArthoM . . kA dUsare mUrtimAn padArtha se vyAghAta rUkAvaTa yA Takkara hotI hai, use pratighAta kahate haiN| usa pratighAta kA abhAva hai, sUkSmapariNamana hone se lohapiNDa meM anupraviSTa agni ke samAna jaise agni sUkSma pariNamana ke kAraNa lohe ke piNDa meM ghusa jAtI hai usI prakAra taijasa kArmaNa zarIra kA vajrapaTalAdi meM bhI vyAghAta nahIM hai arthAt ina donoM zarIroM kI rUkAvaTa yA TakarAnA kisI padArtha se nahIM hotaa| isaliye ina donoM zarIroM ko apratIghAta kahate haiN| apratighAta hone se ye donoM saba.jagaha praveza kara jAte haiN| 167 For Personal & Private Use Only .

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anAdi sambandhe ca / ( 41 ) And their connection i.e. of the electric and the karmic bodies with the soul is without beginning. AtmA ke sAtha anAdi samabandha vAle haiN| taijasa evam kArmaNa zarIra anAdi kAla se jIva ke sAtha haiN| ye donoM zarIra saMtAna paramparA kI apekSA bIja - vRkSa nyAya se jIva ke sAtha anAdi kAla se sAtha haiN| parantu sUtra meM nirdiSTa 'ca' zabda se yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki, ye donoM zarIra sAdi sambandha kI apekSA jIva ke sAtha sAdi - sambandha hai parantu anAdi sambandha nahIM hai| baMdha - saMtati kI apekSA anAdi sambandha hai aura vizeSata: bIja - vRkSa ke samAna sAdi sambandha hai / jaise vRkSa bIja se utpanna hotA hai- tathA vaha vRkSa dUsare bIja se utpanna huA thA isa prakAra bIja aura vRkSa kA kAryakAraNa saMbandha sAmAnya apekSA anAdi sambandha hai / usa bIja se yaha vRkSa huA aura isa vRkSa se yaha bIja / isa vizeSa kI apekSA se sAdi hai, arthAt santati kI dRSTi se bIja vRkSa anAdi hokara bhI tadbIja aura tadvRkSa kI apekSA sAdi hai / usI prakAra taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra ke bhI paurnabhAvika nimitta naimittika santati kI apekSA anAdi hai aura tat tat dRSTi vizeSa kI apekSA sAdi sambandha bhI hai| ekAMta se anAdimAn hI svIkAra kara lene para rninimitta hone se navIna zarIra ke sambandha kA abhAva ho jaayegaa| jinake siddhAnta meM ekAMta se taijasa kArmaNa zarIra kA anAdi sambandha hai- unake siddhAnta meM pUrva meM hI AtyaMtikI zuddhi ko dhAraNa karane vAle jIva ke nUtana zarIra kA sambandha hI nahIM ho sakegAkyoMki zarIra sambandha kA koI nimitta hI nahIM hai / yadi ekAMta se nirnimita Adi sambandha mAnA jAyegA to muktAtmA ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA- kyoMki jaise Adi zarIra akasmAt sambandha ko prApta hotA hai vaise hI muktAtmA ke bhI Akasmika zarIra sambandha hogA; isaliye muktAtmA ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA / 168 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ekAnta se anAdimAn mAna lene para bhI nirmokSa kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi ekAnta se sarvathA taijasa kArmaNa zarIra ko anAdi mAneMge to bhI anirmokSakA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki jo anAdi hai- usakA AkAza ke samAna anta bhI nahIM hogaa| kAryakAraNa sambandha kA abhAva hone se; isaliye mokSa kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| yadi kaho ki anAdi bIja vRkSa kI saMtAna kA agni se sambandha hone para anta dekhA jAtA hai usI prakAra taijasa kArmaNa zarIra kA bhI anta ho jAyegA-taba to ekAMta se anAditva kA abhAva hogaa| bIja vRkSa vizeSApekSayA AdimAn hai ata: jaise bIja vRkSa saMtati kathaMcit sAdi aura kathaMcit anAdi hone se usakI saMtati agni se naSTa ho jAtI hai- vaise hI kArmaNa zarIra bhI dhyAna- agni se naSTa ho jAtA hai| isaliye sAdhUkta kisI prakAra se taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra kathaMcit anAdi haiM- aura kathaMcit sAdi hai| isI prakAra gommadRsAra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki: pallatiyaM uvahINaM, tettIsaMtomuhutta uvhiinnN| chAvaTThI kammaThidi, baMdhukkassaTThidI taannN||(252) audArika zarIra kI utkRSTa sthiti tIna palya, vaikriyika zarIra kI tetIsa sAgara, AhAraka zarIra kI antarmuharta, taijasa zarIra kI chayAsaTha sAgara hai| kArmaNa zarIra kI utkRSTa sthiti utanI hI samajhanI cAhiye jitanI ki karmo ke sthitibaMdha prakaraNa meM batAI gaI hai| vaha sAmAnyatayA to sattara koDAkoDI sAgara hai kintu vizeSa rUpa se jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya aura antarAya karmakI utkRSTa sthiti tIsa koDAkoDI sAgara hai| mohanIya kI sattara koDAkoDI sAgara, nAma, gotrakI bIsa koDAkoDI sAgara aura Ayu karmakI kevala tetIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| sarvasya (42) The electric and the karmic bodies are always found with all mundane souls. tathA saba saMsArI jIvoM ke hote haiN| - taijasa zarIra evaM kArmaNa zarIra sampUrNa saMsArI jIva ke hote haiN| yaha 169 For Personal & Private Use Only

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donoM zarIra se rahita saMsArI jIva kabhI bhI nahIM ho sakate haiN| mukta jIva hI ye donoM zarIra se rahita hote haiN| anya dharma meM evaM Adhunika atIndriya manovijJAna meM bhI sUkSma zarIra kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai parantu jaise jainadharma meM dArzanika, tArkika, gaNitiya praNAlI meM varNana pAyA jAtA hai usI prakAra anyatra nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| kArmANa zarIra AThoM karmoM ke samUha svarUpa hai| yaha zarIra hI sampUrNa sAMsArika gatividhiyoM ke lie bIja svarUpa hai| eka sAtha jIva ke kitane zarIra ho sakate haiM ? . tadAdIni bhAjyAni yugapadekasminnA cturthyH| (43) Along with these, iwo i.e. the electric and the karmic bodies in their distribution at one and the same time, with one soul (there can be utmost up to 4 (i.e. these two and one or two more bodies) i,e, a soul can never have all the 5 bodies at once. eka sAtha eka jIva ke taijasa aura kArmANa se lekara cAra zarIra taka vikalpa se hote haiN| uparokta sUtroM se siddha hotA hai ki, sampUrNa saMsArI jIva meM taijasa aura kArmANa hote hI haiN| isalie saMsArI jIva meM kama se kama zarIra hogeM to do hogeM hii| kisI ke taijasa, kArmaNa aura audArika yA taijasa, kArmaNa aura vaikriyika ye tIna zarIra hote haiM, kisI ke taijasa, kArmaNa, audArika aura AhAraka ye cAra zarIra hote haiN| kArmANa zarIra kI vizeSatA niruupbhogmntym| (44) (The last body i.e. the karmic is can not be the means of enjoyment to the soul throught the senses and the mind, as the physical body can be. The karmic body bears no sound, sees, no sights etc. 170 For Personal & Private Use Only

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antima zarIra upabhoga rahita haiN| antima zarIra arthAt kArmaNa zarIra upabhoga se rahita hai| indriya rUpI praNAliyoM ke dvArA zabdAdi ke grahaNa karane ko upabhoga kahate haiN| yaha bAta aMta ke zarIra meM nahIM pAyI jAtI ataH vaha nirUpabhoga hai / vigrahagati meM labdhirUpa bhAvendriya ke rahate huye bhI vahA~ dravyendriya kI racanA na hone se zabdAdika kA upayoga nahIM hotaa| yadyapi vigraha gati meM karmAdAna, nirjarA aura sukhaduHkhAnubhava Adi upayoga saMbhava hai; bhAvendriya kI upalabdhi bhI hai tathApi dravyendriya kI nivRtti kA abhAva hone se zabdAdi viSayoM ke anubhava kA abhAva hone se kArmaNa zarIra nirUpabhoga hai| taijasa zarIra ke yoga nimittatva kA abhAva hone se usakA yahA~ adhikAra nahIM hai| taijasa zarIra yoganimitta nahIM hotA / ataH usakI upabhoga vicAra meM vivakSA nahIM hai| isaliye yoganimitta zarIroM meM anta kA kArmaNa zarIra hI nirUpabhoga hai, zeSa zarIra upabhoga sahita hai| audArika zarIra kA lakSaNa grbhsNmuurcchnjmaadym| (45) The first (i.e. the physical body is produced along with the electric and the karmic bodies, in beings who are) born in the embryonic way or by spontaneous generation ( sammUrcchana) pahalA zarIra garbha aura samUrcchana janma se paidA hotA hai| audArika zarIra kI utpatti garbhaja aura sammUrcchana janma se hotI hai| vaikriyaka zarIra kA varNana aupapAdikaM vaikriyikam / (46) The fiuid body is found along with the electric and the karmic bodies in those who are barn by 3441 instontaneous rise. vaikriyika zarIra upapAda janma se paidA hotA hai| jitane aupapAdika janma vAle hote haiM unake vaikriyika zarIra hotA hai jaise For Personal & Private Use Only 171

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deva, nArakI ke shriir| labdhipratyayaM c| (47) And (fluid body can also be attained by other) cause i.e. by a labdhi attainment due to special austerities. tathA labdhi se bhI paidA hotA hai| vaikriyika zarIra upapAda janya hai| upapAda janma se sAtha-sAtha Rddhi nimittaka bhI hotA hai| tapazcaraNa vizeSa se jo RddhiyAM prApta hotI haiM ve labdhi haiN| labdhi pratyaya jisake hai vaha labdhi pratyaya kahalAtA hai| labdhi aura upapAda meM nizcaya aura kAdAcitkRta vizeSatA hai| janma nimitta hone se upapAda nizcaya se hotA hai aura labdhi to kAdAcitkI hotI hai| labdhi pratyaya vaikriyika zarIra tapovizeSa kI apekSA se uttara kAla meM hotA hai| vividhakaraNa vikriyA arthAt zarIra kI nAnA AkRtiyA~ utpanna karanA vikriyA hai| vaha vikriyA do prakAra kI hai- (1) ekatva vikriyA, (2) pRthaktva vikriyaa| apane zarIra se apRthak bhAva se siMha, vyAghra, haMsa, kuttA Adi kI racanA karanA ekatva vikriyA hai| apane zarIra se bhinna prAsAda, maNDapa Adi kI racanA karanA pRthaktva vikriyA hai| bhavanavAsI, vyaMtara, jyotiSI aura kalpavAsI (16veM svaMga taka) devoM ke donoM prakAra kI vikriyA hotI hai| Upara graiveyaka devoM se lekara sarvArthasiddhi taka ke devoM ke prazasta ekatva vikriyA hI hotI hai| chaThe naraka taka ke nArakiyoM ke trizula, cakra, talavAra, mudgara, parazubhiNDavAla Adi aneka Ayudha rUpa ekatva vikriyA hotI hai| nArakiyoM meM pRthaktva vikriyA nahIM hai| sAtaveM naraka meM gAya barAbara kIr3e, lohita, kunthu Adi rUpa se ekatva vikriyA hI hotI hai| sAtaveM naraka meM aneka Ayudha rUpa se ekatva vikriyA nahIM hai aura na pRthaktva vikriyA hai| tiryaMcoM meM mayUra Adi ke kumArAdi bhAva prati viziSTa ekatva vikriyA hotI hai, tiryaMcoM meM bhI pRthaktva vikriyA nahIM hai| tapa evaM vidyA Adi ke prAdhAnya se manuSyoM ke prativiziSTa ekatva vikriyA aura pRthaktva vikriyA hotI hai| 172 For Personal & Private Use Only

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taijasamapi / (48) Even the electric body can be product of special austerities. This takes place in two ways(1) zubha taijasa Beneficent electric body, e.g. a saint with supernatural powers sees famine or plague etc. in a Country and is moved to compassion. His austerities enable his electric body to overflow itself and issuing out of his right shoulder go and to remove the causes of famine, plague, etc. and then came back and be reabsorbed in the same way in which it went out. . (2) azubha taijasa Maleficent electric body. taijasa zarIra bhI labdhi se prApta hotA hai| . taijasa zarIra bhI labdhi pratyaya arthAt Rddhi nimittaka hotA hai labdhi pratyaya taijasa ke do bheda hai (1) azubha taijasa (2) zubha taijs| (1) azubha taijasa-: apane mana ko aniSTa (burA) utpanna karane vAle kisI kAraNa ko dekhakara utpanna huA hai krodha jisake aisA jo saMyama kA nidhAna mahAmuni usake vAma (bAyeM) kaMdhe se siMdUra ke Dhera kI-sI kAnti-vAlA, bAraha yojana lambA, sUcyaMgula ke saMkhyeya bhAga pramANa mUla vistAra aura nava yojana ke agra vistAra ko dhAraNa karane vAlA kAhala (vilAba) ke AkAra kA dhAraka puruSa nikala karake bAma pradakSiNA dekara muni ke hRdaya meM sthita jo virUddha padArtha hai usako bhasma karake aura usI muni ke sAtha Apa bhI bhasma ho jAya; jaise dvIpAyana muni ke zarIra se putalA nikalake dvArikA ko bhasma kara usI ne dvIpAyana muni ko bhasma kiyA aura vaha putalA Apa bhI bhasma ho gayA usI kI taraha jo ho so azubha taijasa-samudghAta hai| (2) zubha taijasa -: jagat ko roga athavA durbhikSa Adi se pIr3ita dekhakara utpanna huI hai kRpA jisake aisA jo paramasaMyamanidhAna mahARSi usake mUla zarIra ko nahIM tyAgakara pUrvokta deha ke pramANa ko dhAraNa karane vAlA acchI saumya AkRti kA dhAraka puruSa dakSiNa skaMdha se nikalakara, dakSiNa pradakSiNA kara 173 For Personal & Private Use Only

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roga durbhikSa Adi ko dUra kara phira apane sthAna meM praveza kara jAya yaha zubha rUpa tejasa-samudghAta hai| AhAraka zarIra kA svAmI va lakSaNa zubhaM vizuddhamavyAghAti cAhArakaM pramattasaMyatasyaiva / (49) And the 3TER body is beneficent pure and impreventible and found only in a 949 viera Saint i.e. one in the 6 th stage of spiritual development with imperfect now. It is T always beneficent. (2) farves pure, the production of meritorious Karmas and (3) avyAghAti unpreventible by anything in its course. AhAraka zarIra zubha, vizuddha aura vyAghAta rahita hai aura vaha pramattasaMyata ke hI hotA hai| zubhakarma kA kAraNa hone se ise zubha kahA hai| vizuddha karma kA kArya hone se AhAraka zarIra ko vizuddha kahA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo citra-vicitra na hokara nirdoSa hai aise vizuddha arthAt nirdoSa vizuddha cAritra dhArI muniyoM ke hotA hai isalie bhI vizuddha kahate haiN| puNya karma ke kArya hone se AhAraka zarIra ko bhI vizuddha kahate haiN| donoM ora se vyAghAta nahIM hotA isalie yaha avyAghAtI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki AhAraka zarIra se anya padArtha kA vyAghAta nahIM hotA aura anya padArtha se AhAraka zarIra kA vyAghAta nahIM hotaa| AhAraka zarIra ke prayojana kA samuccaya karane ke lie sUtra meM 'ca' zabda diyA hai| yathAAhAraka zarIra kadAcit labdhi vizeSa ke sadbhAva ko jatAne ke lie kadAcit sUkSma padArthoM kA nizcaya karane ke lie aura saMyama kI rakSA karane ke lie utpanna hotA hai| jisa samaya jIva AhAraka zarIra kI racanA kA Arambha karatA hai usa samaya vaha pramatta ho jAtA hai| isalie sUtra meM pramatta saMyata ke hI AhAraka zarIra hotA hai yaha kahA hai| iSTa artha ke nizcaya karane ke liye sUtra meM "evakAra" pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai jisase yaha jAnA jAe ki AhAraka zarIra pramattasaMyata ke hI hotA hai anya ke nhiiN| pratyeka pramatta saMyata ke bhI yaha zarIra nahIM hotA 174 For Personal & Private Use Only

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parantu AhAra Rddhi sampanna muniyoM ko hI hotA hai| AhAraka zarIra dhArI ko vaikriyika zarIra nahIM hotA isake sAtha-sAtha audArika, kArmaNa, taijasa zarIra bhI hotA hai| jisase yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki pramattasaMyata ke hI AhAraka zarIra hotA hai dUsare ke nhiiN| aisI vyApti nahIM hai ki, pramattasaMyatta ke AhAraka zarIra hI hotA hai, audArika Adi nhiiN| arthAt 'pramattasaMyata ke hI AhAraka zarIra hotA hai| isa prakAra kI avadhAraNA karane ke lie evakAra hai, na ki 'pramattasaMyata ke hI AhAraka hI hotA hai| isa aniSTa avadhAraNA ke lie! jisa samaya muni AhAraka zarIra kI racanA karate haiM, usa samaya vaha pramattasaMyata hI hote hai| ina zarIroM meM paraspara saMjJA, svalakSaNa, svakAraNa, svAmitva, sAmarthya, pramANa, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, saMkhyA , pradeza, bhAva aura alpabahutva Adi kI dRSTi se bheda bhI pAyA jAtA hai(1) saMjJA - saMjJA se (nAmase) ghaTa-paTa ke samAna audArika Adi zarIra meM anyatva hai arthAt inake audArika Adi nAma pRthak-pRthak haiN| (2) lakSaNa- inakA sva lakSaNa bhI bhinna-bhinna hai - jaise sthUla zarIra audArika hai| vividha guNa Rddhi vAlI vikriyA karane vAlA vaikriyika zarIra hai| daradhigama sUkSma padArtha kA nirNaya karane ke lie AhAraka zarIra hotA hai| zaMkha ke samAna zveta varNa vAlA taijasa zarIra hotA hai| vaha taijasa zarIra do prakAra kA hai(1) ni:saraNAtmaka (2) aniHsrnnaatmk| audArika, vaikriyika aura AhAraka zarIra ke bhItara rahane vAlA tathA ina zarIroM kI dIpti kA kAraNa raunaka dene vAlA ani :saraNAtmaka taijasa zarIra hai| ugra cAritra vAle, ati krodhI munirAja ke jIva pradezasaMyukta bAhara nikala kara dAhya (jisa para krodha hai usa) ko ghera kara avatiSThamAna haiM tathA dhAnya , harita, phalAdi se paripUrNa bhUmi sthAlI meM hue zAka Adi ko jaise agni pakAtI hai vaise jalAkara bhasma kara dete haiM aura use pakAkara lauTa kara muni ke zarIra meM praveza kara jAtA hai| yadi adhika dera. Thahara jAe to use bhasmasAt kara detA hai vaha ni:saraNAtmaka taijasa zarIra hai| sabhI zarIroM meM kAraNabhUta karmasamUha ko kArmaNa zarIra kahate haiN| yaha inameM 175 For Personal & Private Use Only

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svalakSaNa kI apekSA bheda hai| ( 3 ) kAraNa - apane kAraNoM kI apekSA bhI inameM bheda haiM jaise audArika nAmakarma ke udaya se audArika zarIra hotA hai| vaikriyika nAmakarma ke udaya se vaikriyika zarIra hotA hai / AhAraka zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se AhAraka zarIra hotA hai, taijasa zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se taijasa zarIra hotA hai aura kArmANa nAmakarma ke udaya se kArmANa zarIra hotA hai| isa prakAra bhinna-bhinna nAmakarmoM ke udaya se ye zarIra hote haiN| ata: inameM kAraNabheda spaSTa hai| (4) svAmitva svAmI ke bheda se bhI inameM bhinnatA hai- jaise audArika zarIra tiryaMca aura manuSyoM ke hotA hai| vaikriyika zarIra deva nArakiyoM ke hotA hai tathA kisI-kisI tejaskAya, vAyukAya aura paMcendriya tiryaMca tathA manuSyoM kisI ke hotA hai| (5) sAmarthya sAmarthya kI apekSA bhI ina zarIroM meM paraspara bhinnatA hai| bhavapratyaya aura guNapratyaya ke bheda se audArika zarIra kA sAmarthya do prakAra kA hai| tiryaMca aura manuSyoM meM, siMha evaM aSTApada, cakravartI aura vAsudeva Adi meM jo zArIrika zakti kA tAratamya dekhA jAtA hai vaha bhava pratyaya hai| utkRSTa tapasviyoM ke zarIra vikriyA karane kA sAmarthya guNa pratyaya hai| prazna - zarIra kI vikriyA to tapa kA sAmarthya hai audArika zarIra kA nahIM ? uttara yadyapi tapa ke sAmarthya se vikriyA hotI hai tathApi audArika zarIra ke binA kevala tapa ke vikriyA karane ke sArmathya. kA abhAva hai arthAt audArika zarIra ke binA tapaM nahIM ho sktaa| vaikriyika zarIra meM merUkampana aura samasta bhUmaNDala ko ulaTA pulaTA karane kI zakti hai / AhAraka zarIra apratighAtI hotA hai, vajrapaTala Adi se bhI vaha nahIM rUkatA / uttara - prazna vaikriyika zarIra meM apratihata sAmarthya hai| usakA bhI vajrapaTalAdi se 'apratighAta dekhA jAtA hai ? yadyapi vaikriyika zarIra bhI sAdhAraNatayA apratighAtI hotA hai tathApi 176 - - - For Personal & Private Use Only

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indrasAmAnika Adi meM zakti kA tAratamya dekhA jAtA hai| anantavIryayati ne indra kI zakti ko kuNThita kara diyA thA, aisA zruta meM prasiddha * hai| ata: vaikriyika zarIra kvacit pratighAtI hotA hai, kintu sabhI AhAraka zarIra tulya zakti aura sarvatra apratighAtI hote haiN| taijasa kA sAmarthya krodha aura prasannatA ke anusAra dAha aura anugraha rUpa hai| kArmaNa zarIra kA sAmarthya sabhI karmoM ko avakAza denA hai tathA unheM apane meM zAmila karanA hai| (6) pramANa - pramANa kI apekSA bhI ina zarIroM meM bhinnatA hai jaise- jaghanya se aMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa sUkSma nigodiyoM kA audArika zarIra hai aura utkRSTa (sabase bar3A) nandIzvara dvIpa kI, vApikA ke kamala kA, kucha adhika eka hajAra yojana pramANa kA hotA hai| vaikriyika mUla zarIra kI dRSTi se sabase choTA sarvArtha siddhi ke devoM ke eka aratni pramANa aura sabase bar3A sAtaveM naraka meM pA~ca sau dhanuSa pramANa hai| vikriyA kI dRSTi se deva utkRSTa zarIra jambUdvIpa pramANa kara sakate haiN| AhAraka zarIra eka arani pramANa hotA hai| taijasa aura kArmaNa jaghanya se apane audArika zarIra pramANa hote haiM tathA utkRSTa se kevalisamudghAta meM sarvaloka pramANa hote haiN| (7) kSetra - kSetra kI apekSA bhI inameM pRthakatva hai - audArika, vaikriyika aura AhAraka kA kSetra loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa hai| taijasa evaM kArmaNa zarIra loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga, asaMkhyAta bahubhAga pramANa hai, pratara tathA lopUraNa avasthA meM sarvaloka kSetra haiN| . ' (8) sparzana - sparza kI apekSA bhI audArika Adi zarIra bhinna-bhinna haiN| audArika Adi eka jIva ke prati kheNge| jaise- tiryacoM ne audArika zarIra ke dvArA sarvaloka kA sparza kiyA hai aura manuSyoM ne loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga kA / mUla vaikriyika zarIra se loka ke asaMkhyAta bahubhAga aura uttara vaikriyika se kucha kama 8/14 bhAga spRSTa hote haiN| prazna - uttara vaikriyika zarIra se ATha baTe caudaha rAjU kA sparza kaise hotA hai ? 177 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttara - saudharma svarga ke deva svayaM yA para ke nimitta se Upara AraNaacyuta svarga taka chaha rAjU jAte haiM aura nIce svayameva bAlukAprabhA tIsare naraka taka do rAjU, isa prakAra 8/14 bhAga hote haiN| AhAraka zarIra dvArA loka kA asaMkhyAtavA~ bhAga sparza kiyA jAtA hai| taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra sarvaloka kA sparza karate haiN| (9) kAla-kAla kI apekSA bhI ina zarIroM meM paraspara pRthakatva hai| audArika mizra avasthA ko choDakara tiryaMca aura manuSyoM ke audArika zarIra kA jaghanya kAla antarmuhUrta hai aura utkRSTa kAla antarmuhUrta kama tIna palya hai| yaha antarmuhUrta aparyAptaka kA kAla hai| arthAt tIna palya yaha utkRSTa Ayu to bhogabhUmiyA~ tiryaMca aura manuSyoM kI haiN| yahA~ se koI mAnava yA tiryaMca utkRSTa bhogabhUmi kI Ayu bA~dhakara marA aura bhogabhUmi meM janmA to Ayu kA prArambha vigrahagati meM hI ho gayA - parantu vigrahagati meM kArmaNa aura nirvRtyAparyAptAvasthA meM audArika mizra kAyayoga rahatA hai- isaliye isa aparyAptAvasthA ke kAla ko ghaTA dene para zeSa antarmuharta kama tIna palya utkRSTa kAla audArika zarIra kA hai| vaikriyika zarIra kA kAla devoM kI apekSA hai| devoM ke mUla vaikriyika zarIra kA jaghanya kAla aparyApta kAla ke antarmuhUrta kama dasa hajAra varSa pramANa haiN| utkRSTa aparyAptakAlIna antarmuhUrta kama taiMtIsa sAgara pramANa hai| uttara vaikriyika zarIra ke utkRSTa aura jaghanya donoM hI kAla antarmuhUrta pramANa haiN| liMga (veda) ke svAmI . nAraka sammUrchino npuNskaani|(50) The hellish beings and those who are 4640G Spontaneously generated are of a common or neuter sex. nAraka aura samUMchena napuMsaka hote hai| naraka meM utpanna hone vAle nArakI evam sammUrchana janma se paidA hone vAle sammUrcchana jIva niyama se napuMsaka hI hote hai| napuMsaka veda rUpI. no kaSAya ke udaya se aura azubha nAmakarma ke udaya se nArakI evaM sammUrcchana jIva strI va purUSa na hokara napuMsaka hote haiN| ina jIvoM ke manojJa zabda, gaMdha, rUpa, rasa aura sparza ke sambandha se utpanna huA strI-purUSa viSayaka thor3A bhI sukha 178 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| na devAH / ) The celestial beings never have a common sex. They are always masculine or feminine. deva napuMsaka nahIM hote haiN| strI-purUSa sambandhI niratizaya sukhoM kA anubhava karane vAle hone se devoM meM napuMsaka veda kA abhAva hai| ve devagaNa zubhagati nAmakarma udaya kI apekSA niraMtara strI-purUSa sambandhI sukhoM kA upabhoga karate haiM, isalie unameM napuMsaka veda nahIM haiN| - shessaastrivedaaH| (52) The remaining beings i.e; thouse born of an embryo have 3 sexes i.e; they can be masculine, feminine or common. zeSa saba jIva tIna veda vAle hote haiN| nArakI evaM sammUrchana janma vAle jIva napuMsaka jIva hote haiM, devagati meM purUSa veda evaM strIveda hI haiM parantu napuMsakaveda nahIM hai| inako chor3akara zeSa bace hue saMsArI jIva meM tInoM veda arthAt purUSaveda, strIveda evaM napuMsakaveda hote haiN| arthAt bace hue manuSya aura tiryaMca tInoM veda vAle hote haiN| gommaTTasAra meM . isakA savistAra varNana nimna prakAra hai NeraiyA khalu saMDhA, Naratiriai tiNNi hoMti smmucchaa| saMDhA surabhogabhumA, purisicchIvedagA cev||[3] . pR.63 nArakIyoM kA dravyaveda tathA bhAvaveda napuMsaka hI hotA hai| manuSya aura tiryaMcoM ke tIna hI (strI, purUSa, napuMsaka) veda hote haiM, sammUrcchana manuSya aura tiryaMca napuMsaka hI hote haiN| deva aura bhogabhUmiyoM ke purUSaveda aura strIveda hI hotA hai| deva, nArakI, bhogabhUmiyAM aura sammUrcchana jIva inakA jo dravyaveda hotA hai, vahI bhAvaveda hotA hai, kintu zeSa manuSya aura tiryaMcoM meM yaha niyama nahIM 179 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai / unake dravyaveda aura bhAvaveda meM viparItatA bhI pAI jAtI hai| AMgopAMga karma ke udaya se honevAle zarIragata cinha vizeSa ko dravyaveda aura mohanIyakarma kI prakRti ke udaya se hone vAle pariNAmavizeSoM ko bhAvaveda kahate haiN| veda kI paribhASA purisicchisaMDhavedodayeNa purisicchisaMDhao bhAve / NAmodayeNa davve, pAeNa samA kahiM visamA // (271) vedanAmaka nokaSAya ke udaya se jIvoM ke bhAvaveda hotA hai, aura nirmANa nAmakarma sahita aMgopAMganAmakarma ke udaya se dravyaveda hotA hai| ye donoM hI veda prAya: karake to samAna hote haiM, arthAt jo bhAvaveda vahI dravyaveda aura jo dravyaveda vahI bhAvaveda / parantu kahIM kahIM viSamatA bhI ho jAtI hai, arthAt bhAvaveda dUsarA aura dravyaveda dUsarA / yaha viSamatA devagati aura narakagati meM to sarvathA nahIM pAI jaatii| manuSya aura tiryaggati meM jo bhogabhUmija haiM unameM bhI nahIM pAI jaatii| bAkI ke tiryag manuSyoM meM kvacit vaiSamya bhI pAyA jAtA hai| - vedassudIraNAe pariNAmassa ya havejja saMmoho / saMmoheNa Na jANadi, jIvoM hu guNaM va doSaM vA / / (272) veda nokaSAya ke udaya tathA udIraNA hone se jIva ke pariNAmoM meM bar3A bhArI moha utpanna hotA hai aura isa moha ke utpanna hone se yaha jIva guNa athavA doSa kA vicAra nahIM kara sakatA / puruSa 180 utkRSTa guNa athavA utkRSTa bhogoM kA jo svAmI ho, athavA jo loka meM utkRSTa guNayukta karma ko kare, yadvA jo svayaM uttama ho usako purUSa kahate haiN| purUguNabhoge sede, karedi loyammi purUguNaM kammaM / purUuttamo ya jamhA, tamhA so vaNNio puriso // ( 273 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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strI chAdayadi sayaM dose, Nayado chAdadi paraM vi doseNa / chAdaNasIlA jamhA, tamhA sA vaNNiyA itthI | [ 274 ] jo mithyAdarzana ajJAna asaMyama Adi doSoM se apane ko AcchAdita kare aura mRdubhASaNa, tirachI citavana Adi vyApAra se jo dUsare purUSoM ko bhI hiMsA, abrahma Adi doSoM se AcchAdita kare, usako AcchAdana - svabhAvayukta hone se strI kahate haiM / yadyapi tIrthaMkaroM kI mAtA samyaktvAdi guNoM se bhUSita dUsarI bhI bahuta sI striyA~ apane ko tathA dUsaroM ko doSoM se AcchAdita nahIM bhI karatI haiMunameM yaha lakSaNa nahIM bhI ghaTita hotA hai taba bhI bahulatA kI apekSA yaha nirUkti siddha lakSaNa kiyA hai| nirUkti ke dvAra mukhyatayA prakRti pratyaya se niSpanna artha kA bodhamAtra karAyA jAtA hai / napuMsaka - NevitthI Neva pumaM, NauMsao uhayaliMgavadiritto / iTThAvaggisamANagaveyaNagarUo kalusacitto // [275) jo na strI ho aura na purUSa ho aise donoM kI liMgoM se rahita jIva ko napuMsaka kahate haiN| isake avA (bhaTThA) meM pakatI huI IMTa kI agni ke samAna tIvra kaSAya hotI hai| ataeva isakA citta pratisamaya kaluSita rahatA (pR.150) akAlamRtyukinakInahIMhotI ? aupapAdikacaramottamadehAsaMkhyeyavarSAyuSo'napavartyAyuSa: 1 ( 53 ) Those who are born by instantaneous rise ie hellish nArakA : and Celestial beings devA : those who are in their last incarnation caramadeha with the highest kind of physical body and those whose age is innumerable years e.g, in a condition of life where there is all enjoyment and no labour like agriculture etc. these three live the full span of For Personal & Private Use Only 181

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their life. It can never be cut short by themselves or others. upapAdajanmavAle, caramottama deha vAle aura asaMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle jIva apavartya Ayu vAle hote haiN| upapAda janma deva - nArakI ke hote hai| isalie deva - nArakiyoM ke akAla maraNa nahIM hotA hai arthAt inakI Ayu anaparvatya Ayu nahIM hai| 'carama' zabda antavAcI hai, isaliye usI janma meM nirvANa ke yogya ho usakA grahaNa karanA cAhiye / carama - anta kA hai zarIra jinakA, ve 'carama deha' kahalAte haiM / parIta saMsArI usI bhava meM nirvANa prApta karane yogya ko carama zabda se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 'uttama' zabda utkRSTa vAcI hai| isase cakravartI Adi kA grahaNa hotA hai| yaha uttama zabda utkRSTa vAcI hai- uttama zarIra jinakA ho ve uttama deha kahalAte haiN| isa uttama zabda se cakravartI Adi kA grahaNa karanA / palyAdi: ke dvArA gamya Ayu jisake hai vaha asaMkhyeya varSAyuSa vAle kahalAte haiN| ve uttara kurU Adi bhoga - bhUmi meM utpanna hone vAle haiN| - bAhya kAraNoM ke kAraNa Ayu kA hrAsa honA apavarta hai| bAhya upaghAta ke nimitta viSa zastrAdi ke kAraNa Ayu kA hAsa hotA hai| vaha apavarta hai apavarta Ayu jinake hai ve apavarta Ayu vAle aura jinakI Ayu kA apavarta nahIM hotA ve anapavarta Ayu vAle deva aura nArakI, carama zarIrI aura bhoga bhUmiyA jIva haiM- bAhya kAraNoM se usakA apavartana nahIM hotA / 'carama' zabda uttama kA vizeSaNa hai| carama hI uttama deha jisakA vaha caramottama deha arthAt aMtima uttamadeha vAle ko caramottama deha kahate haiM / 182 - cakravartI Adi ko deha uttama hote hue bhI jo cakravartI Adi tadbhava meM mokSa nahIM jAte haiM unakA akAla maraNa bhI zAstra meM pAyA jAtA hai jaisesubhauma cakravartI, brahmadatta cakravartI, nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa Adi kI apamRtyu huI hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki uttama zarIra dhArI ke carama zarIra dhArI kI apamRtyu nahIM hotI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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gommaTThasAra karmakANDa meM nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne apamRtyu ke bAhya kAraNoM kA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai visveynnrttkkhybhystthgghnnsNkilesehiN| ussAsAhArANaM Nirohado chijjade aauu|| (57) viSaM bhakSaNa se athavA viSavAle jIvoM ke kATane se, raktakSaya arthAt lahU (khUna) jisameM sUkhatA jAtA hai aise roga se athavA dhAtukSaya se, (upacAra se- lahU ke sambandha se yahA~ dhAtukSaya bhI samajhanA cAhie) bhayaMkara vastu ke darzana se yA usake binA bhI utpanna hue bhaya se, zastroM (talavAra Adi hathiyAroM) ke ghAta se, 'saMkleza' arthAt zarIra vacana tathA mana dvArA AtmA ko adhika pIr3A. paha~cAne vAlI kriyA hone se, zvAsocchvAsa ke rUka jAne se, aura AhAra (khAnA-pInA) nahIM karane se isa jIva kI Ayu kama ho jAtI hai| ina kAraNoM se jo maraNa se arthAt zarIra chuTe use kadalI ghAta maraNa athavA akAla mRtyu kahate haiN| (pR. 39, saTIkA karmakANDa) adhyAya 2 abhyAsa prazna 1. jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva kitane haiM, evaM unakI paribhASA likho? 2. jIva kA lakSaNa kyA hai? 3. upayoga ke kitane bheda tathA usakI paribhASA bhI likhiye ? 4. jIva ke bheda-prabhedoM kA savistAra varNana kareM ? 5. indriyoM ke bheda prabheda kA savistAra varNana karo? 6. indriya evaM mana kA svAmI kauna-kauna hai? 7. vigrahagati meM gamana kaise hotA hai ? 8. siddhajIva kI gati kauna sI hotI hai? 9. janma ke bheda evaM usake svAmI kA kathana karo? 10. zarIra kitane hote haiM aura usake paramANu (pradezoM) kA varNana karo ? 11. kauna sA zarIra saMsArI jIva ke satat rahatA hai ? 12. liMga kitane haiM, tathA usake svAmI kauna-kauna haiM ? __13.. akAla mRtyu kisake nahIM hotI hai, aura kisake hotI hai ? 183 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya: 3 sAta pRthiviyA~ - naraka ratnazarkarAbAlukApaGkadhUmatamomahAtamaH prabhAH bhUmayo ghanAmbuvAtAkAza pratiSThAH saptAdho'dhaH / (1) There are 7 earths, lying parallel to each other and with an intervening space separating one from the other. Beginning from the earth which we inhabit, these earths are situated, each one lower than the other. Each one is surrounded and supported, by 3 atmospheres of. ratnaprabhA, zarkarAprabhA, bAlukAprabhA, paMkaprabhA, dhUmaprabhA, tamaHprabhA mahAtama: prabhA ye sAta bhUmiyA~ ghanAmbuvAta aura AkAza ke sahAre sthita hai tathA krama se nIce nIce haiN| mokSamArga ratnatrayAtmaka hai| samyagdarzana aura isake viSaya bhUta, jIvAdi sAta tattva hai| isalie dvitIya adhyAya se sarvazreSTha evaM upAdeya jIva tattva kA varNana cala rahA hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM jIva ke kucha asAdhAraNa bhAva kA varNana hai aura isa adhyAya meM bhI jIvoM ke nivAsa sthAnoM kA varNana hai| jIvoM ke nivAsa sthAna ko mukhyataH tIna bhAga meM vibhakta kara sakate hai yathA- (1) adholoka (2) madhyaloka (tiryagloka) (3) urdhvlok| inameM se krama se prApta adholoka aura adholoka nivAsI nArakiyoM kA varNana sarvaprathama kiyA hai| una nArakI kI zIta-uSNa, zArIrika-mAnasika Adi vedanA ko sunakara jIva saMsAra-zarIra bhogoM se virakta ho sakatA hai isalie naraka kA varNana pahale kiyA (1) ratnaprabhA - jisakI prabhA citra Adi ratnoM kI prabhA ke samAna hai vaha ratnaprabhA bhUmi hai| (2) zarkarAprabhA - jisakI prabhA zarkarA ke samAna hai vaha zarkarAprabhA bhUmi (3) bAlukAprabhA - jisakI prabhA bAlukA ke samAna hai vaha bAlukAprabhA bhUmi 184 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(4) paMkaprabhA - jisakI prabhA kIcar3a ke samAna hai vaha paMkaprabhA bhUmi hai| (5) dhUmaprabhA - jisakI prabhA dhuMA ke samAna hai vaha dhUma prabhA bhUmi hai| (6) tamaprabhA - jisakI prabhA andhakAra ke samAna hai vaha tamaprabhA hai| (7) mahAtamaprabhA - jisakI prabhA gADha aMdhakAra ke samAna hai vaha mahAtama: prabhA hai| naraka kI pRthivIyoM kI moTAI(1) pahalI pRthivI eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana moTI hai| (dhammA) (2) dUsarI pRthivI battIsa hajAra yojana moTI hai| (vaMzA) (3) tIsarI pRthivI aThThAIsa hajAra yojana moTI hai| (meghA) (4) cauthI pRthivI caubIsa hajAra yojana moTI hai| (aMjanA) (5) pA~cavI pRthivI bIsa hajAra yojana moTI hai| (ariSThA) (6) chaTThI pRthivI solaha hajAra yojana moTI hai| (maghavA) (7) sAtavIM pRthivI ATha hajAra yojana moTI hai| (mAghavI) pahalI ratnaprabhA pRthivI eka lAkha assI hajAra yojana moTI hai tathA khara bhAga, paMka bhAga aura abbahula bhAga ina tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| pahalA khara bhAga solaha hajAra yojana moTA hai, dUsarA pakaMbhAga caurAsI hajAra yojana moTA hai aura tIsarA abbahala bhAga assI hajAra yojana moTA hai| paMka bhAga meM rAkSasa tathA asura kumAra deva ratnamayI bhavana meM rahate haiN| khara bhAga meM nau prakAra ke bhavanavAsI deva nivAsa karate haiM aura abbahula.bhAga meM nArakI nivAsa karate haiN| - vAtavalaya- ghanodadhi, ghanavAta aura tanuvAta ye tInoM vAtavalaya isa loka ko saba ora se gherakara sthita hai| Adi kA ghanodadhi vAtavalaya gomUtra ke varNa ke samAna hai, bIca kA ghanavAtavalaya mUMga ke samAna varNavAlA hai aura anta kA tanuvAta valaya paraspara mile hue aneka varNoMvAlA hai| ye vAtavalaya daNDa ke AkAra lambe haiM, ghanI bhUta hai, Upara nIce tathA cAroM ora sthita hai: caMcalAkRti haiM, tathA loka ke anta taka veSTita haiN| adholokake nIce tInoM vAtavalayoM meM se pratyeka kA vistAra bIsa-bIsa hajAra yojana hai aura loka ke Upara tInoM vAtavalaya kucha kama eka yojana vistAra vAle haiN| 185 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nArakiyoM ke utpatti sthAna-prArambha kI tIna pRthiviyoM meM nArakiyoM ke utpatti-sthAna kucha to U~Ta ke AkAra haiM, kucha kumbhI (ghar3iyA), kucha kusthalI, mudgala, mRdaMga aura nAr3I ke AkAra haiN| cauthI aura pA~cavI pRthivI meM nArakiyoM ke janmasthAna aneka to gau ke AkAra haiM, aneka hAthI, ghor3e, Adi jantuoM tathA dhoMkanI, nAva aura kamalapuTa ke samAna hai| antima do bhUmiyoM meM kitane hI kheta ke samAna, kitane hI jhAlara aura kaToroM ke samAna aura kitane hI mayUroM ke AkAra vAle haiN| ve janmasthAna eka koza, do koza, tIna koza aura eka yojana vistAra se sahita haiM, unameM jo utkRSTa sthAna haiM ve sau yojana taka caur3e kahe gaye haiN| una samasta utpatti sthAnoM kI U~cAI apane vistAra se pA~ca gunI hai| janma ke pazcAt nArakiyoM kA uchalanA(1) gharmA nAmaka pahalI pRthivI ke utpatti sthAnoM meM utpanna hone vAle nArakI jIva janma kAla meM jaba nIce girate haiM taba sAta yojana, savA tIna : koza Upara AkAza meM uchalakara puna: nIce girate haiN| (2) dUsarI vaMzA pRthivI ke naraka meM janma lene vAle nArakI pandraha yojana ar3hAI koza AkAza meM uchalakara nIce girate haiN| (3) tIsarI meghA pRthivI meM janma lene vAle nArakI ikatIsa yojana eka koza AkAza meM uchalakara nIce girate haiN| (4) cauthI aMjanA pRthivI ke naraka meM janma lene vAle nArakI atyanta duHkhI ho bAsaTha yojana do koza uchalakara nIce girate haiN| (5) pAMcavI pRthivI meM janma lene vAle nArakI eka sau paccIsa yojana AkAza meM uchalakara nIce girate haiM aura tIvra duHkha se du:khI hote haiN| (6) chaThavI pRthivI meM sthita naraka meM janma lene vAle jIva do sau pacAsa yojana AkAza meM uchalakara nIce girate haiN| (7) saptamI pRthivI meM sthita naraka meM utpanna hue jIva pA~ca sau yojana U~ce uchalakara pRthivI talapara nIce girate haiN| (trilokasAra gAthA 182) naraka meM utpatti kA kAla: prathama pRthivI meM nArakiyoM kI utpatti kA antara ar3atAlIsa ghar3I batalAyI 186 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai aura nIce kI chaha bhUmiyoM meM krama se eka saptAha, eka pakSa, eka mAsa, do mAsa, cAra mAsa aura chaha mAsa kA viraha - antara kAla hai / naraka meM utpatti meM kAraNa: bahvArambhaparigrahAH / tIvramithyAtvasaMbaddhA pRthivIstA: prapadyante tiryaMco mAnuSAstathA // jo tIvra mithyAtva se yukta haiM tathA bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha dhAraka hai aise tiryaMca aura manuSya una pRthiviyoM ko prApta hote haiN| naraka meM 'lagAtAra janma ke bAra (krama) parva 4 (372) (ha.pu.) sAtavIM pRthivI se nikalA huA jIva yadi punaH avyavahita (niraMtara) rUpa se sAtavIM meM jAve to eka bAra, chaTavIM se nikalA chaTavIM meM do bAra, pAMcavI se nikalA huA pAMcavI meM tIna bAra, cauthI se nikalA huA cauthI meM cAra bAra, tIsarI se nikalA huA tIsarI meM pAMca bAra, dUsarI se nikalA huA dUsarI meM cha: bAra aura pahalI se nikalA huA pahalI meM sAta bAra taka utpanna ho sakatA hai| kI kahAM-kahAM utpanna ho sakate haiM sAtavIM pRthivI se nikalA huA prANI niyama se saMjJI tiryaMca hotA hai tathA saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu kA dhAraka ho phira se naraka jAtA hai| chaThavIM pRthivI se nikalA huA jIva saMyama ko prApta nahIM hotA aura pA~cavI pRthivI se nikalA jIva saMyama ko to prApta ho sakatA hai para mokSa prApta nahIM kara sakatA / cauthI pRthivI se nikalA huA mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai parantu tIrthaMkara nahIM ho sktaa| tIsarI dUsarI aura pahalI pRthivI se nikalA huA jIva samyagdarzana kI zuddhatA se tIrthaMkara pada prApta kara sakatA hai| narakoM se nikale hue jIva balabhadra, nArAyaNa aura cakravartI pada chor3akara hI manuSya paryAya prApta kara sakate haiM arthAt manuSya to hote haiM para balabhadra nArAyaNa aura cakravartI nahIM ho skte| naraka meM utpatti ke svAmI For Personal & Private Use Only 187

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asaMjJI paMcendriya pahalI pRthivI taka jAte haiM, sarakane vAle dUsarI pRthivI taka, pakSI tIsarI pRthivI taka, sarpa cauthI taka, siMha pAMcavI taka, striyA~ chaThavIM taka aura tIvra pApa karane vAle matsya tathA manuSya sAtavIM pRthivI taka jAte haiN| tAsu - triMzatpaJcaviMzatipaJcadazadazatripaJconaikanarakazata - sahastrANipaJcacaiva yathAkramam // ( 2 ) sAta pRthiviyoM meM narakoM (biloM) kI saMkhyA In tghese (earths there are the following) hells respectively: 30 lacs in the 1st; 25 lacs in the 2nd; 15 lacs in the 3rd ; 10 lacs in the 4th; 3 lacs in the 5th; 99,995 in the 6th ; 5 in the 7th; Total 84 lacs una bhUmiyoM meM krama se tIsa lAkha, paccIsa lAkha, pandraha lAkha, dasa lAkha, tIna lAkha, pA~ca kama eka lAkha, aura pA~ca naraka haiN| ratnaprabhA meM tIsa lAkha naraka haiN| zarkarAprabhA meM 25 lAkha naraka haiN| bAlukAprabhA meM 15 lAkha naraka haiN| paMkaprabhA meM 10 lAkha naraka haiN| dhUmaprabhA meM tIna lAkha naraka haiN| tamaH prabhA meM pA~ca kama eka lAkha naraka haiM aura mahAtamaH prabhA meM pA~ca naraka haiN| ratnaprabhA meM teraha naraka paTala haiN| isase Age sAtavIM bhUmi taka do-do naraka paTala kama haiN| 188 nArakA Hellish beings always (have ) very bad thought colours, sense, perceptions and their objects, bodies, felling of pain and transformations. nArakiyoM ke duHkha kA varNana nityAzubhataralezyApariNAmadehavedanAvikriyA: / (3) For Personal & Private Use Only

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nArakI nirantara azubhatara lezyA, pariNAma, deha, vedanA aura vikriyA vAle hote haiN| nArakI kI paribhASA Na ramaMti jado NiccaM, davve khette ya kAla-bhAve y| aNNoNNehiM ya jamhA, tamhA te NArayA bhnniyaa|| (147) jIvakANDa jo dravya kSetra kAla bhAva meM svayaM tathA paraspara meM prIti ko prApta nahIM hote unako nArata (nArakI) kahate haiN| zarIra aura indriyoM ke viSayoM meM, utpatti zayana vihAra uThane, baiThane Adi ke sthAnameM, bhojana Adi ke samaya meM athavA aura bhI aneka avasthAoM meM jo svayaM athavA paraspara meM prIti (sukha) ko prApta na hoM unako nArata kahate haiN| isa gAthA meM jo 'ca' zabda par3A hai usase isakA dUsarA bhI nirUkti - siddha artha samajhanA caahiye| arthAt jo narakagatinAmakarma ke udaya se hoM unako, athavA narAn - manuSyoM ko kAyanti - kleza pa~hucAveM unako nAraka kahate haiN| kyoMki nIce sAtoM hI bhUmiyoM meM rahane vAle nArakI nirantara hI svAbhAvika zArIrika mAnasika Agantuka tathA kSetrajanya ina pA~ca prakAra ke du:khoM se duHkhI rahate haiN| lezyA kI paribhASA liMpai appIkIrai, edIe NiyaappuNNapuNNaM c| jIvo tti hodi lessA lessaagunnjaannykkhaadaa||(489) .. lezyA ke guNa ko- svarUpa ko jAnane vAle gaNadharAdi devoM ne lezyA kA svarUpa aisA kahA hai ki jisake dvArA jIva apane ko puNya aura pApa se lipta kare, = puNya aura pApa ke adhIna kare usako 'lezyA' kahate haiN| lezyA do prakAra kI hai - dravyalezyA aura bhaavleshyaa| dravyalezyA zarIra ke varNarUpa aura bhAvalezyA jIva ke pariNAmasvarUpa 189 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jogapauttI lessA, kasAyaudayANuraMjiyA hoii|(490) kaSAyodaya se anurakta yoga pravRtti ko lezyA kahate haiN| . nArakiyoM kI lezyA kAU kAU kAU, NIlA NIlA ya NIla kiNhA y| kiNhA ya paramakiNhA, lessA pddhmaadipuddhviinnN||(529) pahalI dhammA yA ratnaprabhA pRthvI meM kApotalezyA kA jaghanya aMza hai| dUsarI vaMzA yA zarkarAprabhA pRthvI meM kApotalezyA kA madhyama aMza hai| tIsarI meghA yA bAlukAprabhA pRthvI meM kApotalezyA kA utkRSTa aMza aura nIla lezyA kA jaghanya aMza hai| cauthI aMjanA yA paMkaprabhA pRthivI meM nIlalezyA kA madhyama aMza pA~cavI ariSTA yA ghUma prabhA pRthivI meM nIla lezyA kA utkRSTa aMza aura kRSNa lezyA kA jaghanya aMza hai| chaTThI maghavI yA tamaH prabhA pRthivI meM kRSNa lezyA kA madhyama aMza hai| sAtavIM mAghavI yA mahAtama: prabhA pRthivI meM kRSNa lezyA kA utkRSTa aMza hai| isa svAmI adhikAra meM bhAva lezyA kI apekSA se hI kathana kI mukhyatA hai| isaliye pUrvokta prakAra se yahA~ narakoM meM bhAvalezyA hI smjhnaa| yadyapi devagati ke samAna naraka gati meM bhI dravyalezyA aura bhAvalezyA sadRza hI huA karatI hai| azubhatara lezyA "tarap' pratyaya kA prayoga vyAkaraNa zAstra ke anusAra eka dUsare kI prakarSatA hone para hI hotA hai| pratiyogI ke antara kI apekSA prakarSa dekhA jAtA hai| isa nyAya ke anusAra Upara ke nArakiyoM kI apekSA nIce ke nArakiyoM kI lezyA Adi azubhatara hai| athavA prathama Adi nArakiyoM kI apekSA dvitIya Adi nArakiyoM meM ati adhika azubha lezyA hai isalie bhI azubhatara hai| __azubhatara lezyA kA vAstavika artha isa prakAra hai ki, prathama aura dvitIya naraka meM kApotalezyA, tRtIya naraka meM Upara kApota tathA nIce nIla, cauthe naraka meM nIla, pA~caveM meM Upara nIla aura nIce kRSNa, chaThe meM kRSNa aura sAtaveM 190 For Personal & Private Use Only

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meM parama kRSNa lezyA hai| lezyA dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA do prakAra kI hai| usameM una nArakiyoM kI dravyalezyA to apanI avadhRta ( nizcita ) Ayu pramANa hai aura bhAva lezyA to chahoM hI antarmuhUrta meM parivartita ho jAtI haiN| azubhatara pariNAma usa kSetra ke kAraNa vahAM ke sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa aura zabda pariNAma ati duHkha ke kAraNa hone se azubhatara hote haiM / arthAt mahAduHkhadAyI naraka kSetra ke kAraNa vahAM ke padArthoM kA sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNAdi kA pariNamana mahAduHkha rUpa ho jAtA hai| jaba zIta kI vedanA se vyAkula hokara kisI padArtha ko uSNa samajha kara usakA sparza karate haiM to usake sparza se zarIra ke khaMDa -2 ho jAte haiN| kisI vastu ko khAte haiM to jivhA kaTa kara gira jAtI hai / azubhatara zarIra unake zarIra azubha nAma karma ke udaya se azubha aMgopAMga, sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa svara vAle aura vIbhatsa tathA nirlana (paMkha rahita ) aNDaja (pakSiyoM) AkRti vAle hote haiN| unakA saMsthAna huNDaka hotA hai / ve deha krUra, vIbhatsa evaM bhayaMkara dikhate haiN| arthAt una nArakiyoM ke zarIra ko dekhakara krUratA, bhaya, glAni utpanna ho jAtI hai / yadyapi una nArakiyoM kA zarIra vaikriyika hai tathApi usameM isa audArika zarIragata mala- - mUtrAdika se adhika khaMkhAra, mUtra, mala (TaTTI) rUdhira, majjA, pIpa, vamana, mAMsa, keza, asthi (haDDI) carmAdi vIbhatsa sAmagrI rahatI hai isaliye unakI deha ati azubhatara hai| ratnaprabhA nAmaka prathama naraka meM nArakiyoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI sAta dhanuSa tIna hAtha aura chaha aMgula hai / Age ke narakoM meM dUnI - 2 hokara sAtaveM naraka meM 500 dhanuSa ho jAtI hai| azubhatara vedanA: abhyantara asAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya hone para anAdi svAbhAvika zIta - uSNa janya bAhya nimitta se hone vAlI tIvra vedanA hotI hai| jaise grISma Rtu ke madhyAnha kAla meM bAdalarahita AkAza meM mahAtIkSNa sUrya kiraNoM se santapta digantarAla meM jahA~ zIta vAyu kA praveza nahIM hai, dAvAgni ke samAna atyanta USNa evaM rUkSa vAyu cala rahI hai; aise mAravAr3a deza meM cAroM tarapha se dIpta agnizikhA se vyApta pyAsa se Akulita niSpratikAra pitta jvara se For Personal & Private Use Only 191

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saMtApita zarIra vAle mAnava ko jo USNatAjanya duHkha hotA hai usase bhI anaMta guNA duHkha nArakiyoM ko tajjanya USNatA kA hotA hai| hima (barpha) ke girane se sarva dizAe~ zIta se vyApta ho gaI haiM, AkAza se cyuta jalakaNoM se pRthvI tala bhara gayA hai aise mAgha mAsa meM rAtri ke samaya zIta vAyu ke pAna se zarIra meM romAMca ho gaye haiM tathA dA~ta kaTa-2 baja rahe haiM, zarIra zIta jvara se abhibhUta hai aura agni evaM vastra kA jisake sAdhana nahIM hai aise mAnava ko jo zItajanya duHkha hotA hai usase ananta guNA duHkha nArakiyoM ko zItajanya hotA hai| athavA narakoM meM itanI USNatA hotI hai ki, yadi una USNa narakoM meM sudarzana merU barAbara tA~be kA golA DAla diyA jAya to vaha zIghra hI gala jaayegaa| vahI eka lAkha yojana kA pighalA huA golA zIta naraka meM DAla diyA jAya to vaha kSaNa mAtra meM ghana ho jAegA ; isase vahA~ kI zIta, USNatA kA anumAna lagAyA jAtA hai| ___prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha naraka meM USNa vedanA hai, pA~caveM naraka ke UparI do lAkha biloM meM USNa vedanA hai| nIce ke eka lAkha biloM meM tathA chaThe aura sAtaveM naraka meM zIta vedanA hai| sarva samudAya se 82 lAkha biloM meM uSNa vedanA aura do lAkha biloM meM zIta vedanA hai|' azubhatara vikriyA: azubhatara vikriyA hai, nArakI jIva vicArate haiM ki zubha kareMge parantu azubhatara hI karate haiN| duHkha se abhibhUta mana vAle nArakiyoM ke duHkha ko dUra karane kI icchA hote hue bhI gurUtara du:kha ke kAraNoM ko hI utpanna karate haiM- ata: nIce-nIce azubhatara bhAva jAnane caahiye| chahaDhAlA meM kahA bhI haitahA~ bhUmi parasata dukha iso, bicchu sahasa ise nahiM tiso| tahA~ rAdha zoNitavAhinI, kRmi kulakalita dehdaayinii||(10) semaratarU juta dala asipatra, asi jyoM deha vidAreM ttr| merUsamAna loha gali jAya, aisI zIta uSNatA thaay||(11) 192 For Personal & Private Use Only

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tila-2 kareM deha ke khaMDa, asura bhir3AveM duSTa prcnndd| sindhu nIrateM pyAsa na jAya, to paNa eka na da lhaay||(12) tIna loka ko nAja ju khAya, miTai na bhUkha kaNA na lhaay| ye dukha bahusAgaraloM sahai, karama jogate naragati lhe|| __(13) prsprodiiritduHkhaaH| (4) The tortures of hellish beings are produced by them for another. tathA ve paraspara utpanna kiye gaye duHkha vAle hote haiN| nArakI jIva paraspara mahAn duHkha dete rahate haiN| unakA pratyeka kSaNa lar3ane-jhagar3ane meM hI vyatIta hotA hai| nirdaya hone se kutte ke samAna eka dUsare ko dekhakara nArakiyoM ke krodha kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| jaise- kutte zAzvatika, akAraNa, anAdikAla se hone vAle jAtikRta vaira ke kAraNa nirdaya hokara paraspara bhauMkanA, chedanA-bhedanA Adi udIrita (utpanna karAye) duHkha vAle hote haiM, usI prakAra nArakI bhI mithyAdarzana ke udaya se vibhaMganAma ko prApta bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna ke dvArA dUra se hI duHkha ke hetuoM ko jAnakara utpanna duHkha kI pratyAsatti (upasthiti) se eka-dUsare ko dekhane se prajvalita huI hai krodha agni jinakI, aise ve apane zarIra kI vikriyA se talavAra, vAsI, parazu, bhiNDivAla Adi zastra banAkara paraspara deha kI ghAta, chedana-bhedana-pIr3ana Adi ke dvArA udIrita duHkha vAle hote haiN| saMkliSTAsurodIritaduHkhAzca prAk cturthyaaH|(5) .Befare the 4th earth i.e. in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd earths in the hells, the evil-minded celestial beings called Asura Kumaras also give torture to the hellish beings or incite them to torture one another. aura cauthI bhUmi se pahale taka ve saMkliSTa asuroM ke dvArA utpanna kiye gaye duHkha vAle bhI hote haiN| pUrvopArjita tIvra pApa karma ke udaya se nArakiyoM ko kevala kSetrajanita 193 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #205
paraspara ke lar3ane-jhagar3ane Adi ke hI kaSTa nahIM milate parantu tIsare naraka taka ke nArakiyoM ko duSTa pariNAma vAle ambarISa Adi asura kumAra bhavanavAsI deva bhI duHkha dete haiN| pUrva bhava ke saMkleza pariNAmoM se upArjita azubha karma ke udaya se nirantara kliSTa hone se ve saMkliSTa kahalAte haiN| pUrva janma meM bhAvita atitIvra saMkleza pariNAma se upArjita jo pApa karma haiM, unake udaya se ve nirantara kliSTa rahate haiM isaliye saMkliSTa haiN| asura nAmakarma ke udaya se asura hote haiN| asuratva saMvartana devagati nAmakarma ke vikalpa karma ke udaya se dUsaroM ko duHkha dete haiM, ve asura kahalAte haiN| saMkliSTa vizeSaNa anya asara jAti devoM kI nivRtti ke liye hai| sabhI asura jAti ke deva nArakiyoM ko duHkha nahIM dete haiM- apitu amba, ambarISa Adi jAti ke kucha hI asura nArakiyoM ko paraspara bhir3Ate haiM, usako darzAne ke liye (arthAt sarva asuroM kI nivRti ke liye) saMkliSTa vizeSaNa hai| nArakiyoM ko paraspara duHkha dene ke kAraNabhUta una saMkliSTapariNAmI asurakumAroM kA gamana tIsare naraka taka hI hai, usake nIce ke narakoM meM jAne kI zakti unameM nahIM hai| isa bAta ko batAne ke liye "prAkcaturthyA:" yaha vizeSaNa diyA hai| narakoM meM utkRSTa Ayu kA pramANa teSvekatrisaptadazasaptadazadvAviMzatitrayastriMzatsAgaropamAsattvAnAM-parA sthitiH| (6) In these seven hells the maximum age of hellish beings of different earths as follows: 1 sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 1st eath. 3sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 2nd earth. 7sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 3rd earth. or sAgara Simply in the 4th earth. 17sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 5th earth. 194 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #206
22sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 6th enie. 33sAgaropamA or sAgara Simply in the 7ih arth. una narakoM meM jIvoM kI utkRSTa sthiti krama se eka, tIna, sAta, dasa, satraha, bAIsa aura taiMtIsa sAgara haiN| ratnaprabhA meM eka sAMgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| zarkarAprabhA meM tIna sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| bAlukAprabhA meM sAta sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| paMkaprabhA meM dasa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| dhUmaprabhA meM satraha sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| tamaH prabhA meM bAIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| aura mahAtamaH prabhA meM taiMtIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| . dvIpa samudra ke nAma jambUdvIpalavaNodAdayaH shubhnaamaanodviipsmudraaH| (7) Jambudvipa Continent, Lavana samudra ocean etc. are the continents and oceans being pleasant names. jambUdvIpa Adi zubha nAma vAle dvIpa aura lavaNoda Adi zubha nAma vAle samudra haiN| isa adhyAya meM prathama sUtra se lekara chaThe sUtra taka adholoka meM vAsa karane vAle nArakiyoM kA varNana huaa| isa sUtra ko Adi karake Age ke sUtroM meM madhyaloka evam madhyaloka ke samudra, parvata aura usameM nivAsa karane vAle '. manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM kA varNana hai| eka rajjU vyAsa vAle madhyaloka meM zubha nAma vAle asaMkhyAta dvIpa evaM samudra haiN| Adhunika vijJAna meM varNita pRthvI .. se yaha madhyaloka atyaMta vistRta evaM vizAla hai| isakI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie mere (kanakanaMdI) dvArA racita "vizva vijJAna rahasya" kA adhyayana kreN| isa madhyaloka meM jo pahalA dvIpa hai usakA nAma "jambUdvIpa" hai| isa prathama dvIpa meM ati vizAla pRthvIkAyika akRtrima jambU vRkSa hai isa kAraNa isakA nAma jambUdvIpa pdd'aa| athavA jambUdvIpa yaha nAma anAdi kAla se pracalita hai| lavaNarasa vAle pAnI se saMyukta hone se pahale samudra kA nAma lavaNa samudra hai| isa loka meM jo asaMkhyAta dvIpa, samudra haiM unake kucha nAma krama se yahA~ 195 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #207
udvata kara rahe haiM- (1) jambUdvIpa (2) lavaNa samudra (3) dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa (4) kAloda samudra (5) puSkaravara dvIpa (6) puSkaravara samudra (7) vArUNIvara dvIpa (8) vArUNIvara samudra (9) kSIravara dvIpa (10) kSIravara samudra (11) ghRtavara dvIpa (12) ghRtavara samudra (13) ikSuvara dvIpa (14) ikSuvara samudra (15) nandIzvara dvIpa (16) nandIzvara samudra (17) arUNavara dvIpa (18) arUNavara samudra isa prakAra svayaMbhUramaNa samudra paryanta asaMkhyAta dvIpa, samudra jAnane caahie| dvIpa aura samudroM kA vistAra aura AkAra dviiirvaSkambhAH pUrvapUrvaparikSepiNo valayAkRtayaH / (8) The oceans and containents each one have twice the breadth of the one immediately preceding it. ve sabhI dvIpa aura samudra dUne-dUne vyAsa vAle pUrva-pUrva dvIpa aura samudra ko veSTita karane vAle aura cUr3I ke AkAra vAle haiN| __ prathama dvIpa kA jo vistAra hai lavaNa samudra kA vistAra usase dUnA hai| tathA dUsare dvIpa kA vistAra isase dUnA hai aura dUsare samudra kA isase dUnA hai| isa prakAra uttarottara dUnA-dUnA vistAra hai| ina dvIpoM ke AkAra valayAkRti yA golAkRti hai| inakA AkAra trikoNa, catukoNa yA paMcakoNa nahIM hai| ina dvIpa, samudroM kA avasthAna yatra-tatra avasthita nahIM hai balki eka ko AvRta (ghere hue) karake dUsare ko, dUsare ko AvRtta karake tIsarA hai| isI bAta ko jatalAne ke lie sUtrakAra ne sUtra meM valayAkRtaya' pada diyA hai| jambUdvIpa kA vistAra aura AkAra tanmadhye merUnAbhivRttoyojanazatasahasraviSakambho jmbuudviipH| (9) In the middle of these concentric oceans and continents, is Jambudvipa which is round like the disc of the sun. In the centre of Jambudvipa like navel in the human body is situated mount meru. Jambudvipa is 1 lac Yojanas in breadth. 196 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #208
una sabake bIca meM gola aura eka lAkha yojana viSakambha vAlA jambUdvIpa hai| jisake madhya meM merU parvata hai| vizva tIna vibhAga meM vibhakta hai| usameM se madhyaloka eka rajjU vyAsa vAlA hai| tanuvAtavalaya ke anta bhAga taka tiryagloka arthAt madhyaloka meM sthita hai| merU parvata eka lAkha yojana vistAra (U~cAI) vAlA hai| usI merU parvata dvArA Upara tathA nIce isa tiryagloka kI avadhi nizcita hai| ___ lokAkAza, alokAkAza ke madhya bhAga meM sthita hai| ata: alokAkAza ke madhya ke 8 pradeza haiM, ve hI 8 pradeza lokAkAza ke bhI madhya pradeza bana jAte haiN| sudarzana merU ke nIce ThIka madhya meM ye 8 pradeza sthita haiN| ataH sumerU kA madhya bhI ina 8 pradezoM para hI hotA hai| isalie alokAkAza kA, lokAkAza kA aura sumerU kA, tIna loka kA, tiryak loka kA tathA jambu-dvIpa kA madhya pradeza vahI. 8 madhya pradeza haiM, ata: loka Adi ke madhya pradeza eka hI kSetra parivartana kA prArambha, go stanAkAra ina 8 madhya pradezoM se hotA hai| jaghanya avagAhanA vAlA sUkSma nigodiyA jIva apanI 8 madhya ke pradezoM ko ina 8 madhya pradezoM para sthApita kara janma letA hai| isalie 8 madhya pradeza kSetra parivartana kA prArambha sthAna hai| jaghanya avagAhanA vAlA sUkSma nigodiyA jIva jaba apane 8 madhya pradezoM meM sthApita kara janma letA hai taba ATha madhya pradeza jIva ke zarIra ke bhI 8 madhya pradeza hote haiN| ina ATha madhya pradezoM ke avalambana se lokAkAza kI cAra dizAoM kA vyavahAra hotA hai arthAt 8 pradeza se nIce adholoka kA prArambha, 8 pradezoM * 'ke Upara evaM sumerU ke cUlikA paryanta madhyaloka kA vyavahAra hai evaM cUlikA ke eka bAlAgra ke Upara se urdhvaloka kA prArambha hotA hai| isIlie ina 8 madhya pradeza, loka mApa kA eka kendra sthala hai| sumerU parvata- videhakSetra ke madhya meM ninyAnaveM hajAra yojana U~cA, pRthvI tala meM eka hajAra yojana avagAha vAlA merU parvata hai| pAtAla tala meM isakA vistAra dasa hajAra nabbe (10090) yojana aura eka yojana ke gyAraha bhAgoM 197 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #209
meM se dasa bhAga pramANa hai| adhastala meM isa parvata kI paridhi, ikattIsa hajAra no sau gyAraha (31911) yojana se kucha nyUna hai| bhUtala meM isakA vistAra dasa hajAra (10,000) yojana hai tathA bhUtala para isakI paridhi ikattIsa hajAra chaha sau teIsa (31623) yojana se kucha nyUna hai| yaha parvata cAra vana, tIna khaNDa aura tIna zreNiyoM vAlA hai| bhadrazAla vana, nandana vana, saumanasa vana aura pANDuka vana ye cAra vana haiN| bhUmitala para bhadrazAla vana pUrva-pazcima dizA meM bAIsa hajAra yojana lambA aura dakSiNa uttara dizA meM DhAI sau yojana pramANa caur3A hai| yaha bhadrazAla vana do kosa (1/2 yojana) U~cI, pA~ca sau dhanuSa caur3I, bhadrazAla vana samAna lambI aura bahutoraNa se yukta eka padma vana vedikAM se ghirA huA hai| isa merU parvata ke nIce adholoka hai| cUlikA kI samApti se Upara urdhvaloka hai| merU ke mUla se lekara cUlikA paryanta madhya meM tiryag vistRta tiryagloka (madhya loka) hai| isaliye isakA merU yaha sArthaka nAma isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai ki, "lokatrayaM minAtIti merU" tInoM lokoM ko mApane vAlA hone se merU kahalAtA hai, iti| bhUmitala se lekara zikhara paryanta gyAraha pradezoM ke bAda eka pradeza kI hAni mAnI hai arthAt gyAraha pradeza Upara car3ha jAne para caur3AI meM eka pradeza hIna hotA hai| gyAraha kosa kI U~cAI meM eka kosa saMkucita hotA hai aura gyAraha yojana meM eka yojana saMkucita hotA hai-zikhara paryanta yaha hAni sarvatra samajhanI caahiye| isI prakAra zikhara se lekara bhUmitala taka eka pradeza meM eka pradeza ke gyArahaveM bhAga pramANa vRddhi hotI hai| isaliye gyArahaveM pradeza ke nIce eka pradeza par3atA hai, gyAraha kosa para eka kosa bar3hatA hai aura gyAraha yojana sthAna nIce Ane para eka yojana bar3hatA hai| isa prakAra adhasthala taka sarvatra jAnanA caahiye| jambUdvIpa kA vyAsa eka lAkha yojana (400000000 mIla) hai| gaNita sUtra ke anusAra kisI bhI vRtta kI paridhi vyAsa se kucha adhika tIna gunA hotI hai| Adhunika gaNita sUtra ke anusAra paridhi 2 Tir yA nd hai| isIliye jambUdvIpa kI paridhi tIna lAkha solaha hajAra do sau sattAIsa (316227) yojana tIna koza eka sau aTThAIsa dhanuSa aura sAr3he teraha aMgula hai| vibhAga karane para gaNitajJa 198 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #210
manuSya isa jambUdvIpa kA ghanAkAra kSetra sAta sau, nabbe karor3a, chappana lAkha, caurAnaveM hajAra, eka sau pacAsa yojana batalAte haiN| isa jambU-dvIpa meM sAta kSetra, eka merU, do kurU, jambU aura zAlmalI nAmaka do vRkSa, chaha kulAcala, kulAcaloM para sthita chaha mahAsarovara, caudaha mahAnadiyA~, bAraha vibhaMgA nadiyA~, bIsa vakSAra girI, cauMtIsa rAjadhAnI, cauMtIsa rUpyAcala, cauMtIsa vRSabhAcala, ar3asaTha guhAe~, cAra golAkAra nAbhigirI aura tIna hajAra sAta sau cAlIsa vidyAdhara rAjAoM ke nagara haiN| Upara kahI huI ina sabhI cIjoM se yaha jambU-dvIpa atyadhika suzobhita hai| sAta kSetroM ke nAma bharatahaimavata harivideharamyakahairaNyavatairAvatavarSAH kssetraanni| (10) The divisions Ksettras of Jambudvipa are seven bharata Bharata haimavata Haimavata hari Hari videha Videha ramyaka Ramyaka hairaNyavat Hairanyavata and airAvata Airavata bharatavarSa, haimavatavarSa, harivarSa, videhavarSa, ramyakavarSa, hairaNyavarSa aura airAvatavarSa ye sAMta kSetra haiN| ... (1) bharatavarSa- isa kSetra ko bharata kSatriya ke yoga se bharata kSetra kahate haiN| vijayAdha parvata se dakSiNa, lavaNa samudra se uttara aura gaMgA evaM sindhu nadI ke madhya bhAga meM bAraha yojana lambI aura nava yojana caur3I vinItA nAmaka nagarI hai| usameM sarva rAja lakSaNoM se sampanna bharata nAma kA SaTkhaNDAdhipati cakravartI huA hai| isa avasarpiNI ke rAjya vibhAga kAla meM usane hI sarva prathama isa kSetra kA upabhoga kiyA (anuzAsana kiyA) thA isIlie usake anuzAsana ke kAraNa isa kSetra kA nAma 'bharatakSetra' pdd'aa| athavA 'bharata' yaha saMjJA anAdikAlIna hai, athavA yaha saMsAra anAdi hone se ahetuka hai, isalie 'bharata' yaha nAma anAdi sambandha pAriNAmika hai arthAt binA kisI kAraNa ke svAbhAvika hai| jinasena svAmI ne Adi purANa meM kahA hai 199 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #211
tAnnAmnA bhArataM varSamiti haasiijjnaaspdm| himAdrerAsamudrA kSetraM cakrabhRtAmidam / / (59) itihAsa ke jAnane vAloM kA kahanA hai ki, jahAM aneka Arya purUSa rahate haiM aisA yaha himavat parvata se lekara samudra paryanta kA cakravartiyoM kA kSetra . usI RSabhaputra bharata ke nAma se "bhAratavarSa" rUpa se prasiddha huA hai| hinda dharma meM bhI RSabhaputra bharata se isa deza kA nAma bhArata sarvatra pAyA jAtA hai isakA vistRta varNana 'RSabhaputrabharata se bhArata' mere (kanakanaMdI) dvArA racita pustaka meM hai| vahAM se vijJa jana avalokana kreN| nAbhe: putrazca RSabha: RSabhAbhArato'bhavat, . tasya nAmnAtvidaM varSa bhArataM ceti kiirtyte| (skandha purANa mAhezavara khaNDa kaumAra khaNDa(a.37) nAbhi ke putra RSabhadeva aura RSabhadeva ke putra bharata hue| unhIM bharata ke nAma se isa pradeza kA nAma bhArata prasiddha hai| AsItpurA munizreSThaH bharato nAma bhuuptiH| ArSabhoyasya nAmvedaM bhArata khaNDamucyate bhuupti|| (nArada purANa) bharatakSetra kA avasthAna- yaha bharatakSetra himavAn parvata aura tIna samudroM ke madhya meM hai| himavAn parvata ke aura pUrva-dakSiNa evaM pazcima meM ina tIna samudroM ke madhya meM bharatakSetra hai| arthAt jisake uttara meM himavAn parvata hai tathA pUrva, dakSiNa aura pazcima dizA meM samudra hai| isa kSetra ke gaMgA, sindhu aura vijayArdha parvata se vibhakta hokara chaha khaNDa ho jAte haiN| vijayArdha parvata- pacAsa yojana caur3A, paccIsa yojana U~cA, saMvA chaha yojana avagAhana vAlA rajatAcala isa anvayArtha nAma vAlA vijayArdha parvata hai| arthAt yaha parvata rajata-cA~dI ke samAna dhavala hai| ata: yaha rajatAcala isa sArthaka nAma vAlA hai| cakravartI ke vijayakSetra kI ardha sImA isa parvata se nirdhArita hotI hai ata: isakA nAma vijayArdha hai-1. guNa se yaha rajatAcala hai- arthAt cA~dI se nirmita evaM zubhra varNa hai| isakA pacAsa yojana vistAra 200 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #212
hai, paccIsa yojana utsedha (U~cAI) hai| eka kosa chaha yojana avagAhana (jar3a) hai| tathA pUrva-pazcima kI tarapha se yaha lavaNa samudra kA sparza karatA hai| 2. haimavata kSetra- yaha kSetra himavAn parvata ke samIpa hone se haimavata kSetra kahalAtA hai| himavAn parvata ke nikaTa hai athavA isa kSetra meM himavAn parvata hai isalie haimavata yaha isa kSetra kA nAma par3A hai| haimavata kSetra kA avasthAna- yaha kSetra himavAn aura mahAhimavAn ke tathA pUrvApara samudroM ke madhya meM hai| yaha haimavata kSetra kSudra himavAn kI uttara dizA meM mahAhimavAn ke dakSiNa bhAga meM tathA pUrvApara lavaNasamudra ke bIca meM hai| 3. harivarSa kSetra- yaha kSetra hari varNa ke manuSya ke yoga se hari varSa kSetra kahalAtA hai| 'hari' kA artha siMha hai aura siMha kA pariNAma zukla mAnA gayA hai| siMha ke samAna zukla pariNAma vAle manuSya isameM rahate haiN| ata: ise harivarSa kahate haiN| harivarSa kSetra kA avasthAna-yaha harivarSa kSetra niSadhase dakSiNa, mahAhimavAn se uttara aura pUrva pazcima samudra ke madhya meM sthita hai| 4. videha kSetra- videha ke yoga se isa kSetra kA nAma videha kSetra pdd'aa| vigata (nahIM hai) deha jisake vaha videha kahalAtA hai| karmabaMdha kI saMtAna kA uccheda hone se jinake zarIra nahIM hai, isalie 'videha yaha nAma hai| athavAjo zarIra sahita hone para bhI zarIra ke saMskAra se rahita hai - isalie 'videha' kahalAtA hai| isa videha kSetra meM rahane vAle munivara nirantara videha arthAt karmabandha kA uccheda karane ke lie vA deha kA nAza karane ke lie nirantara prayatna karate * haiM aura videhatva-azarIratva siddha pada ko prApta kara lete haiM, ata: videha manuSyoM ke sambandha se kSetra kA nAma videha par3a gayA hai| ... zaMkA- bharata, airAvata kSetra se bhI manuSya videhatva ko prApta karate haiM ? samAdhAna- yadyapi bharata, airAvata se bhI manuSya videhatva ko prApta kara __sakate haiM- parantu vaha kadAcit, sarvakAla nahIM arthAt bharata, airAvata kSetra meM 201. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #213
kevala caturtha kAla meM hI mAnava dehoccheda kA prayatna karate haiM, videha kSetra meM sarvakAla meM hI karmoccheda kA prayatna karate haiN| yahAM kabhI dharma kA uccheda nahIM hotA isalie prakarSa buhalatA kI apekSA videha hai| videha kSetra kA avasthAna- niSadha aura nIla ke madhya meM videha kSetra avasthita hai| niSadha se uttara, nIla parvata se dakSiNa aura pUrvApara samudroM ke madhya meM videha kSetra kI racanA hai| pUrvAdi ke bheda se videha cAra prakAra kA hai (1) pUrva videha (2) apara videha (3) uttara kurU (4) dakSiNa kuruu| ramyak kSetra- ramaNIya deza ke yoga se isa kSetra kA nAma 'ramyak kSetra'. par3A hai| yaha ramaNIya deza nadI, parvata aura vana Adi se yukta hone ke kAraNa ise ramyak kahate haiN| ramyak kSetra kA avasthAna- nIla aura rUkmI parvata ke antarAla meM ramyak kSetra kI racanA hai| nIla parvata se uttara aura rUkmI parvata ke dakSiNa kI ora pUrva-pazcima samudra ke bIca meM ramyak kSetra kI racanA hai| . 6. hairaNyavat kSetra- hiraNya nAle (suvarNa vAle) rUkmI parvata ke samIpa hone se isakA nAma hairaNyavat kSetra par3A hai| . hairaNyavat kSetra kA avasthAna- rUkmI aura zikharI ke antarAla meM isakA sthAna hai| rUkmI parvata kI uttara dizA meM aura ziqharI parvata ke dakSiNa kI ora pUrva-pazcima samudra ke bIca hairaNyavatkSetra kI racanA hai| 7. airAvata kSetra- yaha kSetra airAvata kSetra ke yoga se airAvata kSetra kahalAtA hai| raktA aura raktodA nadiyoM ke bIca-bIca ayodhyA nAmakI nagarI hai| isa nagarI kA anupAlaka airAvata nAma kA rAjA huA hai| usI ke sambaMdha se isa kSetra kA nAma airAvata par3A hai| airAvata kSetra kA avasthAna- zikharI parvata aura pUrva, pazcima aura uttara tInoM samudroM ke madhya meM airAvata kSetra hai| zikharI kulAcala aura pUrva pazcima tathA uttara meM samudra ke madhya meM airAvata kSetra ko avasthiti hai| airAvata kSetra ke madhya meM pUrva ke samAna vijayArdha parvata hai| isa airAvata 202 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kSetra ke madhya meM bharata kSetra ke vijayA parvata ke samAna rajatamaya vijayA parvata samajhanA caahie| bharata kSetra ke samAna vijayArdha parvata aura raktA, raktodA nadI ke kAraNa airAvata kSetra ke chaha khaNDa ho jAte haiN| arthAt airAvata kSetra tathA bharata kSetra meM bahuta kucha racanAyeM, vyavasthAyeM eka samAna haiN| kSetroM kA vibhAga karane vAle 6 kulAcaloM ke nAma tadvibhAjinaH pUrvAparAyatA himavanmahAhimavanniSadhanIlarUkmizikhariNo vrssdhrprvtaaH| (11) Dividing these 7 kSetra there are 6 mountains they are himavana mahAhimavan niSadha nIla, rUkmi and zikharina these mountains run east to west. una kSetroM ko vibhAjita karane vAle aura pUrva pazcima lambe aise himavAn mahAhimavAn, niSadha, nIla, rUkmi aura zikhariNa ye chaha varSadhara parvata haiN| bharata kSetrAdi kA vibhAjana karane vAle hone se ye parvata 'tadvibhAjana:' kahalAte haiN| pUrva pazcima taka lambe hone se 'pUrvAparAyatA:' kahalAte haiN| ye chahoM parvata apane pUrva aura pazcima donoM oroM ke agrabhAga se lavaNa jaladhi kA sparza karate hai| eka dUsare se pRthak-pRthak bharata Adi kSetroM (varSoM) ko dhAraNa karate haiM, vA inakA vibhAga karate haiM-isaliye ye varSadhara kahalAte haiN| prazna - himavAn parvata kA himavAn nAma kyoM par3A? uttara - hima (barpha) ke sambandha se himavAn kahalAtA hai| arthAt hima jisameM pAyA jAtA hai, vaha himavAn hai| zaMkA - hima barpha to anya parvatoM para bhI pAyA jAtA hai? samAdhAna - yadyapi anya parvatoM meM bhI hima pAyA jAtA hai tathApi rUr3hi se hI ... isakI himavAn saMjJA hai| prazna - himavAn parvata kahA~ para haiM? uttara - bharata aura haimavata kSetra kI sImA meM sthita hai| bharata aura haimavata kSetra kI sImA meM vyavasthita (sthita) kSudra himavAn parvat hai, aisA jAnanA caahiye| prazna - isako kSudra himavAn kyoM kahate haiM ? 203 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttara prazna uttara prazna uttara - mahAhimavAn parvata kI apekSA yaha laghu hai, isaliye ise kSudra himavAn - kahate haiN| - dUsare kulAcala kA nAma mahAhimavAn kyoM par3A hai ? - isakI vyutpatti pahale kahI haiM ki hima ke sambandha se himavAn parvata hai aura yaha mahAn hima ke sambandha se mahAhimavAn kahalAtA hai- jaise- indra jisakI rakSA kareM use indragopa kahate hai, parantu indra ke dvArA rakSA nahIM karane para bhI lAla raMga ke kIr3e ko indragopa kahate haiN| yaha isakA rUr3ha nAma hai, usI prakAra mahAhimavAn yaha bhI anAdinidhana rUr3ha nAma hai| - mahAhimavAn parvata kahA~ para haiM ? - yaha haimavata aura harivarSakSetra kA vibhAjaka hai| haimavata kSetra se uttara aura harikSetra se dakSiNa meM sthit mahAhimavAn parvata ko haimavata aura harikSetra vibhAjaka samajhanA caahiye| yaha parvata do sau yojana U~cA, bhUmitala ke nIce pacAsa yojana gaharA (nIva) aura cAra hajAra do sau dasa yojana tathA eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se dasa bhAga pramANa vistRta hai| - tIsare kulAcala kA nAma niSadha kyoM par3A hai? - "niSadha" dhAtu krIr3A artha meM hai| jisa para deva-deviyA~ krIDA karate haiM vaha 'niSadha' kahalAtA hai| jisa para krIDA (Amoda-pramoda) ke liye deva-deviyA~ jAte haiM use niSadha kahate haiN| - niSadha kisa sthAna para hai ? - harikSetra ora videha kSetra kI maryAdA kA kAraNa niSadha parvata hai| harikSetra se uttara aura videha kSetra se dakSiNa meM ina donoM kI sImA kA kAraNa bhUta niSadha nAmaka kulAcala hai| yaha parvata cAra sau yojana U~cA, bhUtala meM sau yojana gaharA tathA solaha hajAra ATha sau bayAlisa yojana evaM eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se do bhAga adhika caur3A hai| - caturtha kulAcala kI nIla saMjJA (nAma) kyoM hai? prazna uttara prazna uttara prazna 204 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttara . prazna uttara -nIla varNa ke yoga se ise nIla kahate haiN| nIla varNa kA hone se isa parvata ko nIla kahate haiN| jaise-kRSNavarNa kA hone se vAsudeva "kRSNa" nAma se pukArA jAtA hai| -nIla parvata kahA~ para hai ? - videha aura ramyakakSetra ke bIca meM nIlaparvata hai| yaha nIla nAmaka kulAcala videha aura ramyak kSetra kI sImA para sthita hai vA unakA vibhAga karatA hai| isakI U~cAI, AyAma, vistAra Adi niSadha parvata ke samAna hai| - paMcama kulAcala kA nAma rUkmI kyoM par3A hai ? - rUkma (survaNa) ke sadbhAva se isako rUkmI kahate haiN| rUkma jisake hai vaha rUkmI kahalAtA hai| dUsare parvata bhI survaNamaya haiM-isaliye isakA rUkmI yaha nAma rUr3ha saMjJA hai-hAthI ko "karI" (sUMDa) kahanA yaha rUr3hi hai| kyoMki "kara" (hAtha) to manuSya ke bhI hote prazna uttara prazna uttara - prazna uttara - isa parvata kA sthAna kahA~ hai? - yaha ramyak aura hairaNyavata kSetra kA vibhAjaka hai| yaha rUkmI kulAcala ramyak aura hairaNyavata kSetra kA vibhAjaka hai| isakI U~cAI, lambAI, Adi kA sarva varNana mahAhimavAn kulAcala ke samAna hai| - chaThe kulAcala kA nAma zikharI kyoM hai ? - zikhara kA sadbhAva hone se isakI zikharI saMjJA hai| zikhara kUTa isake hai ata: isakA zikharI saMjJA sArthaka hai| zikharI ke sivAya anya parvatoM para bhI zikhara hai parantu isakI zikharI saMjJA rUr3hivazAt hai jaise mayUra kA nAma zikhaNDI rUr3ha hai| - zikharI parvata kA sanniveza kahA~ hai ? - hairaNyavata aura airAvata ke madhya setubandha ke samAna zikharI parvata hai| yaha zikharI parvata hairaNyavat aura airAvat kSetra ke madhya meM sthita hai| jaise samudra ke madhya meM setubandha (pula) hotA hai| isa parvata kI U~cAI, AyAma, vistAra Adi saMrva kSudra himavAna parvata ke prazna uttara tulya hai| 205 For Personal & Private Use Only

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The 1st mountain i.e. himavana is golden in colour: the 2nd Silvery white, the 3rd red, like red-hot gold; the 4th is blue, like the neak of a peacock, the 5th silvery white and the 6th golden HP Maya in this sutra means like. kulAcaloM kA varNa hemArjunatapanIyavaiDUryarajatahemamayA: / ( 12 ) ye chahoM parvata krama se sonA, cAMdI tapAyA huA sonA, vaiDUryamaNi, cA~dI aura sonA inake samAna raMga vAle haiN| himavAn parvatakA raMga hemamaya arthAt cInI rezama ke samAna hai| mahAhimavAn kA raMga arjunamaya arthAt sapheda hai| niSadha parvatakA raMga tapAye gaye sone ke samAna arthAt ugate hue sUrya ke samAna hai| nIla parvatakA raMga vaiDUryamaya arthAt mora ke gale kI AbhAvAlA hai| rUkmI parvatakA raMga rajatamaya arthAt sapheda hai aura zikharI parvata kA raMga hemamaya arthAt cInI rezama ke samAna hai| The sides of these 6 mountains are studded with various, jewels and they are of equal width at the Foot, the top, the middle. kulAcaloM kA AkAra maNivicitrapArvA upari mUle ca tulyavistAra: / (13) inake pArzva (bAjUye) maNiyoM se citra vicitra haiM tathA ve Upara madhya aura mUla meM samAna vistAra vAle haiN| ina parvatoM ke pArzva bhAga nAnA raMga aura nAnA prakAra kI prabhA Adi guNoM se yukta maNiyoM se vicitra haiM isalie sUtra meM inheM maNiyoM se vicitra pArzva vAle kahA hai / aniSTa AkAra ke nirAkaraNa karane ke lie sUtra meM 'upari' Adi rakhe haiN| 'ca' zabda samuccayavAcI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki inakA mUla meM jo vistAra hai vahI Upara aura madhya meM hai / 206 kulAcaloM para sthita sarovaroM ke nAma padmamahApadmatigiJchakesarimahApuNDarIkapuNDarIkA hradAsteSAmupari / ( 14 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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On the top of these mountains there are the following 6 lakes respectively : padam, mahApadma, tigiMccha, kezari, mahApuNDarIka, puNDarIka / . ina parvatoM ke Upara krama se padma, mahApadma tigiMcha, kesarI, mahApuNDarIka aura puNDarIka ye tAlAba haiN| padma nAmaka tAlAba pUrva aura pazcima eka hajAra yojana lambA hai aura pA~ca sau yojana caur3A hai| isakA talabhAga vajra se banA huA hai| tathA isakI taTa bhAga nAnA prakAra ke maNi aura sone se citravicitra hai| prathama sarovara kI lambAI caur3AI prathamo yojana sahasrAyAmastadarddhaviSkambho hRdaH / ( 15 ) The first take has a length of 1000 Yojanas and a breadth of half of that i.e. 500 Yojanas. pahalAM tAlAba eka hajAra yojana lambA aura isase AdhA caur3A haiN| padma nAmaka tAlAba pUrva aura pazcima eka hajAra yojana ( 40,00,000 mIla) lambA hai aura pA~ca sau yojana ( 20,00,000 mIla) caur3A hai| isakA talabhAga vajra se banA huA hai| tathA isakA taTa bhAga nAnA prakAra ke maNi aura sone se citra vicitra hai| yojana do prakAra ke haiM: - ( 1 ) laghu yojana (2) mahAyojana | laghuyojana 4 kosa (8 mIla) kA hotA hai| do hajAra kosa (4000 mIla) kA mahAyojana hotA hai| akRtrima dvIpa, samudra, kulAcala (parvata) vedI, nadI kuMDa yA sarovara jagati aura bharata kSetrAdi kA mApa pramANAguMla yA mahAyojana se hotA hai| kRtrima cIjoM kA mApa AtmAgula yA laghuyojana se hotA hai| . . jaise- parivartana zIla parvata, nadI, nAlA, devoM ke vimAna, manuSyoM ke zarIra, jhArI, kalaza, darpaNa, veNu, bherI, yuga, zayyA, zakaTa, hala, mUsala, zakti, tomara, siMhAsana, bANa, nAli, akSa, cAmara, duMdubhi, pITha, chatra, manuSyoM ke nivAsa sthAna va nagara aura udyAnAdikoM kA mApa / For Personal & Private Use Only 207

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The first lake has a depth of 10 Yojanas. dasa yojana gaharA hai / prathama sarovara kI gaharAI dazayojanAvagAha: / ( 16 ) In the centre of this first lake there is a latus like island one yojana broad. usake madhya meM kyA hai ? tanmadhye yojanaM puSkaram / ( 17 ) isake bIca meM eka yojana kA kamala hai| prathama sarovara ke madhya meM kamala kA pattA eka kosa lambA hai| aura usakI karNikA kA vistAra do kosa kA hai| isalie kamala eka yojana lambA aura eka yojana vistAra vAlA hai| isa kamala kI nAla jala tala se do kosa Upara uThIM hai aura isake pattoM kI utanI hI moTAI hai| mahApadmAdi sarovaroM tathA unameM rahane vAle kamaloM kI prabhA tadviguNadviguNA hRdAH puSkarANi ca / (18) Each of the three lakes up to fafi is twice in length breadth and depth of the lake, and each of the 3 islands also of twice the breadth of the island in the lake immediately preceding it. Age ke tAlAba aura kamala dUne: dUne haiN| padma ko Adi lekara Age tAlAba kI jo lambAI, vistAra aura gaharAI hai usase mahApadma tAlAba kI lambAI, vistAra aura gaharAI dUnI hai| isase tichi tAlAba kI lambAI, vistAra aura gaharAI dUnI hai | zaMkA- kamala kyA hai ? 208 samAdhAna- ve bhI lambAI Adi kI apekSA dUne dUne hai aisA yahAM sambandha karanA cAhie / For Personal & Private Use Only

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kamaloM meM rahane vAlI cha: deviyA~ tannivAsinyo devyaH zrIhIdhRtikIrtibuddhilakSmya: palyopamasthitayaH sasAmAnikapariSatkAH / (19) The goddesses residing in those 5 islands are respectively zrI, hI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi and lakSmI each one of the goddesses has a life span of one 3761404, These goddesses live with celestial beings of an equal status with them, called Amifo and with celestial beings who are members of their courts called prissd| inameM zrI, hI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi aura lakSmI ye deviyA~ sAmAnika aura pariSada deviyoM ke sAtha nivAsa karatI haiN| tathA inakI Ayu eka palya kI haiN| ina kamaloM kI karNikA ke madhya meM zaratkAlIna nirmala pUrNa candramA kI kAnti ko harane vAle eka kosa lambe, AdhA kosa caur3e aura pauna kosa U~ce mahala haiN| unameM nivAsa karane vAlI zrI, hI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi aura lakSmI nAma vAlI deviyA~ krama se padma Adi chaha kamaloM meM jAnanA caahiye| unakI sthiti eka palya kI hai| isa pada ke dvArA unakI Ayu kA pramANa kahA hai| samAna sthAna meM jo hote haiM ve sAmAnika kahalAte haiN| sAmAnika aura pariSada ye deva haiN| ve deviyA~ inake sAtha rahatI haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki mukhya kamala ke jo parivAra kamala hai unake mahaloM meM sAmAnika aura pariSad jAti ke deva rahate haiN| caudaha mahAnadiyoM ke nAma . gaMgAsindhurohidrotAsyAhariddharikAntAsItAsItodAnArI. narakAntAsuvarNarUpyakUlAraktAraktodA: saritastanmadhyagAH / (20) The river gaMgA the Ganga, sindhu the Sindhu, rohita the Rohit, rohitAsyA theRohitasya, haritakAMtA theHarikanta,sItA, the Sita,sItAdotheSitoda, nArI the Nari, narakAMtA the Narakanta, suvarNakUlA the Suvaranakula, rUpyakUlA the Rupyakula, raktA the Rakta, raktodA the Raktoda, the 209 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Raktoda, Flow in those seven Ksetras; 2 in each respectivelyi.e. Ganga and Sindhu in Bhairta, Rohit and Rohitasya in Haimvata etc; etc. ina bharata Adi kSetroM meM se gaMgA, sindhu, rohita, rohitAsyA, harita, harikAntA, sItA, sItodA, nArI, narakAntA, suvarNakUlA, rUpyakUlA, raktA aura raktodA nadiyA~ bahatI haiN| ye nadiyA~ kSetra ke madhya meM bahatI hai| prathama padma aura chaTaveM puNDarIka kSetra se tIna-tIna nadiyA~ nikalatI hai zeSa kSetra se do-do nadiyA~ nikalI hai| bharata meM gaMgA-sindhu, haimavata meM-rohita-rohitAsyA hari meM harita-harikAMtA, videha meM-sItA- sItodA, ramyaka meM-nArI- narakAMtA, hairaNyavata meM- suvarNakUlArUpyakUlA aura airAvata meM-raktA- raktodA nadiyA~ bahatI hai| nadiyoM ke bahane kA krama dvayordvayoH pUrvAH puurvgaaH| (21) These 14 rivers must be taken in groups of 2 each. The first of each group as named above flows eastwards and falls into the ocean there. do-do nadiyoM meM se pahalI-pahalI nadI pUrva samudra ko jAtI haiN| ___ ina nadiyoM meM jo prathama nadI hai, ve pUrva samudra meM jAkara milI haiN| arthAt gaMgA, rohita, harit, sItA, nArI, suvarNa aura raktA ye sAta nadiyA~ pUrva ke samudra meM jAkara milatI hai| shessaastvprgaaH| (22) But the others flow westwards and fall into the ocean there. kintu zeSa nadiyA~ pazcima samudra ko jAtI haiN| do do nadiyoM meM se pIche vAlI nadI pazcima samudra ko jAtI hai| arthAt sindhu, rohitAsyA, harikAntA, sItodA, narakAntA, rUpyakUlA, aura raktodA ye sAta nadiyA~ pazcima samudra meM jAkara milatI hai| mahAnadiyoM kI sahAyaka nadiyA~ caturdazanadIsahasraparivRtA gaGgAsindhvAdayo nadyaH / (23) catudara 210 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Ganga and Sindhu have 14,000 trirutary river each. gaMgA aura sindhu Adi nadiyoM kI cauha-caudaha hajAra parivAra nadiyA~ gaMgA sindhu Adi mahAnadiyA~ haiM isalie inakI aneka upanadiyA~ haiN| jaise- gaMgA-sindhu kI caudaha-caudaha hajAra ndiyaaN| isake Age sItodA nadI taka dviguNA-dviguNA grahaNa karanA aura usake Age AdhA-AdhA kama karanA caahie| ata: gaMgA-sindhu kI caudaha hajAra, rohita rohitAsyA kI aTThAIsa hajAra, harit harikAntA kI chappana hajAra aura sItA-sItodA kI eka lAkha bAraha hajAra sahAyaka nadiyA~ haiN| Age- 'uttarAdakSiNa tulyA:' ke anusAra vyavasthA bharatakSetra kA vistAra bharataH SaiviMzatipaJcayojanazatavistAraH SaT caikonaviMzatibhAgA yojnsy| (24) Bharat Ksetra, in its widest part measure 526 6/19 Yojanas. bharata kSetra kA vistAra pA~ca sau chabbIsa sahI chaha baTe unnIsa (526 6/19) yojana hai| Age ke kSetra aura parvatoM kA vistAra ... tadviguNadviguNavistArA varSadharavarSA videhaantaa| (25) Each mountain and Ksetra in breadth has double the breadth of the mountain or Ksetra preceding it (this is up to) Videha. videha paryanta parvata aura kSetroM kA vistAra bharata kSetra ke vistAra se dUnA-dUnA - jambUdvIpa vRttAkAra hai| isameM jo akRtrima parvata hai usake kAraNa dezoM kA vibhAga huA hai| dezoM ko vibhAga karane vAle akRtrima parvata pUrva-pazcima rUpa se samudra taka phaile hue haiM jisase dezoM kA vibhAga huA hai| isakA varNana ... svayaM granthakAra ne pahale kiyA hai| yaha parvata vRttAkAra jambU-dvIpa ke jyA (bANa) 211 For Personal & Private Use Only

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svarUpa hai| jambU-dvIpa ke dakSiNa se lekara uttara taka jo deza evam kulAcala hai unake vistAra kA varNana yahA~ kiyA hai| unakA vistAra bharata kSetra se videha taka dviguNita hai| 24 veM sUtra meM jambUdvIpa kA vistAra 526 6/19 kahA gayA. hai| Age jo dviguNita dviguNita huA hai vaha isa bharata kSetra ko IkAi lekara huA hai| isalie himavAn parvata kA vistAra bharata kSetra se duganA arthAt eka hajAra bAvana yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se bAraha bhAga pramANa hai / haimavata kSetra kA vistAra do hajAra eka sau pA~ca yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se pA~ca bhAga pramANa hai| mahAhimavAn kulAcala kA vistAra cAra hajAra do sau dasa yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se dasa pramANa hai| hari kSetra kA vistAra ATha hajAra cAra sau ikkIsa yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se eka bhAga pramANa hai| niSadha kulAcala kA vistAra solaha hajAra ATha sau bayAlIsa yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se do bhAga pramANa hai / videha kSetra kA vistAra taitIsa hajAra chaha sau caurAsI yojana aura eka yojana ke unnIsa bhAgoM meM se cAra bhAga pramANa hai| videha kSetra ke Age ke parvata aura kSetroM kA vistAra uttarAH dakSiNatulyAH / (26) To the north Videha the arrangement and extent of Ksetras, mountains, rivers, lakes, islands is exactly corresponding to those in the south of it. uttara ke kSetra aura parvatoM kA vistAra dakSiNa ke kSetra aura parvatoM ke samAna haiN| uttara ke kSetra aura parvata arthAt airAvata se lekara nIla paryanta kSetra ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki bharata aura airAvata, himavAn aura zikharI, haimavat aura hairaNyavata, mahAhimavAn aura rUkmi, harivarSa aura ramyaka tathA niSadha aura nIla kA vistAra, inake hRdoM aura kamaloM kI lambAI caur3AI vagairaha tathA 212 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nadiyoM ke parivAra kI saMkhyA paraspara meM samAna hai| isI prakAra aneka viSayoM meM paraspara meM sadRzyatA hai| trilokasAra, trilokapaNNatti se vizeSa varNana jaannaa| . bharata aura airAvata kSetra meM kAla cakra kA parivartana bharatairAvayatovRddhihAsau ssttsmyaabhyaamutsrpinnyvsrpinniibhyaam| (27) In Bharata and Airavata Ksetras in the extreme south and north of Jambudivpa there is increase and descrease of (bliss, age, height etc of their inhabitants in the 2 aeons), (utsarpiNI) and (avasarpiNI) (the aeons of increase and decrease respectivaly). There are 6 ages (in each aeon). bharata aura airAvata kSetroM meM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke chaha samayoM kI apekSA vRddhi aura hrAsa hotA rahatA hai| ___ yaha vRddhi aura hAsa kSetra ke nahIM hote haiM parantu vahAM nivAsa karane vAle manuSyoM, tiryaMcoM ke anubhava, prANAdi ke haiN| upabhoga aura paribhoga kI sampadA kA nAma anubhava hai| jIvana kA parimANa Ayu hai| zarIra ke utsedha ko pramANa kahate haiN| isa prakAra zarIra kI U~cAI, Ayu, vaibhava Adi kRta manuSyoM kI vRddhi hAsa jAnanA caahiye| zaMkA- yaha vRddhi hAsa kisa kAraNa se hotA hai? samAdhAna- yaha vRddhi hrAsa kAla ke nimitta se hotA hai| utsapirNI aura avasapirNI ke bheda se kAla do prakAra ke haiM aura unake pratyeka ke chaha-chaha bheda haiM(1) avasarpiNI- anubhava Adi ke dvArA avasarpaNazIla avasarpiNIkAla hai| jisameM Ayu, anubhava, zarIrAdi kI uttarottara avanati-hAni hotI hai uttarottara Ayu Adi kA ghaTanA jisakA svabhAva hai vaha avasarpiNI hai| (2) utsarpiNI- isake viparIta utsarpiNI hai| jisa kAla meM anubhava, Ayu, zarIrAdi kI uttarottara unnati ho vaha utsarpiNI kAla hai| yaha avasarpiNI kAla chaha prakAra kA hai- (1) suSamA suSamA (2) suSamA (3) suSamA duHSamA (4) duHSamA suSamA (5) duHSamA (6) ati duHssmaa| avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI donoM kA hI kAla dasa-dasa kor3Akor3I sAgara 213 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pramANa hai| inheM kalpakAla kahate haiN| arthAt bIsa koTAkoTi sAgara kA eka kalpakAla hai| 1 (1) suSamA suSamA- isakA kAla 4 kor3Akor3I sAgara kA hotA hai| isake prArambha meM manuSya devakuru aura uttarakuru ke samAna hai arthAt prathamabhogabhUmi kI racanA hotI hai| prAraMbha meM Ayu 3 palya aura zarIra kI U~cAI 3 kosa / (2) suSamA- isakA kAla 3 kor3Akor3I sAgara kA hai| isake prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu harikSetra ke manuSyoM ke samAna 2 palya pramANa aura zarIra kI U~cAI 2 kosa pramANa hai| arthAt harikSetra ke samAna madhyama bhogabhUmi kI racanA hotI hai| (3) suSamA duHSamA - isakA kAla 2 kor3Akor3I sAgara pramANa hai| isake prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu haimavata aura hairaNyavata manuSyoM ke samAna / palya aura zarIra kI U~cAI / koza pramANa hai| tathA isameM jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI racanA hotI hai| ( 4 ) du:SamA suSamA- isakA kAla 42 hajAra varSa kama / kor3Akor3I sAgara hai| isake prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu / koTi pUrva aura zarIra kI U~cAI 500 dhanuSa pramANa hai| ( 5 ) duHSamA - isakA kAla 21 hajAra varSa pramANa / tathA manuSyoM kI Ayu 120 varSa pramANa aura zarIra kI U~cAI 7 hAtha pramANa hai| ( 6 ) ati du:SamA - isakA kAla 21 hajAra varSa pramANa hai| isa kAla ke prArambha meM zarIra kI U~cAI do hAtha aura Ayu 16 varSa pramANa hai / utsarpiNI kA prAraMbha avasarpiNI se viparIta jAnanA cAhie arthAt utsarpiNI ati duHSamA se prArambha hotI hai aura kramazaH Ayu Adi bar3hate-bar3hate suSamA suSamA taka jAtI hai| Excepting these two (Bharata and Airavata) the other (five) Earths are constant (there is no increase or decrease in bliss, age, height etc. 214 anya bhUmiyoM kI vyavasthA tAbhyAmaparAbhUmayo'vasthitAH / ( 28 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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For Personal & Private Use Only parvatoM aura kSetroM ke nAma vistAra (dakSiNa-uttara) bharata kSetra himavAn parvata hemavat kSetra 2905deg/10 mahAhimavAn parvata 421010/10 harikSetra 8421'/10 niSadha parvata videha kSetra nIla parvata banamI parvata hairaNya kSetra zikharaNI parvata airAvata kSetra 526 / 10 1052 12/10 vistAra (pUrva-pazcima) 144715/19 2493910/19 jambUdvIpa ke parvata aura kSetra parvata kI varNa nIMva (yo. meM) 168422/19 336844/10 168422/19 84211/19 168422/19 2905deg/10 2493918/19 421010/10 3767410/19 526deg/19 lambAI UMcAI 3767416/19 539318/19 7390117/19 7390117/19 94156deg/10 144715/19 2493114/10 100 suvarNamaya 37610/10 53931deg/19 200 / / / 5393 10/19 1447 15/19 - 400 100000 94156deg/19 7390117/19 94156deg/19 400 vaidUryamayI 539316/19 7390117/19 7390117/19 94156deg/10 200 rajatamaya 37610/19 - - rajatamaya 100 tapta suvarNa suvarNamaya (yo. kUTa / 25 50 - 100 - 100 - 50 1 1 - 25 11 8 - 9 - 9 - 8 - 11 U~cAI (yo. meM) - 25 - 50 - 100 - 100 - 50 25 1 caur3AI (yo meM. ) mUla meM 25, madhya meM 183/4 anta meM 121/2 mUla meM 50, madhya meM 371 /2 anta meM 25 mUla me 100, madhya meM 751/2 anta meM 50 mUla meM 100, madhya meM 751/2 anta meM 50 mUla meM 50, madhya meM 37 12 anta meM 25 mUla meM 25, madhya meM 183/4 anta meM 121/2

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there.) bharata aura airAvata ke sivA zeSa bhUmiyA~ avasthita haiN| arthAt ina kSetroM meM avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI rUpa parivartana nahIM hai| haimavata Adi kSetroM meM Ayu kI vyavasthA ekadviMtripalyopamasthitayo haimvtkhaarivrsskdaivkurvkaaH| (29) (The men and animals) of haimavata, harivarSaka, devakurU (Bhoga-bhumi) are respectively of the one, two and three palyas. haimavata, harivarSa aura devakurU ke prANiyoM kI sthiti krama se eka, do aura tIna palya pramANa hai| ___haimavata kSetra ke manuSyoM kI sthiti eka palyakI hai harivarSa kSetra ke manuSyoM kI sthiti do pelyakI hai aura devakurU kSetra ke manuSyoM kI sthiti tIna palyakI hai| DhAI dvIpa meM jo pA~ca haimavata kSetra haiM unameM sadA suSamA-duSamA kAla hai| vahA~ manuSyoM kI Ayu eka palyakI hai, zarIra kI U~cAI do hajAra dhanuSa hai| unakA AhAra eka dina ke antarAla meM hotA hai zarIra kA raMga nIla kamala ke samAna hai| pA~ca harivarSa nAma ke kSetroM meM sadA suSamA kAla rahatA hai| vahA~ manuSyoM kI Ayu do palyakI hai, zarIra kI U~cAI cAra hajAra dhanuSa hai, unakA AhAra do dina ke antarAla se hotA hai zarIra kA raMga zaMkha ke samAna sapheda hai| pAMca devakuru ke kSetroM meM sadA suSamAsuSamA kAla rahatA hai| vahA~ manuSyoM kI Ayu tIna palyakI hai, zarIra kI U~cAI chaha hajAra dhanuSa hai| unakA bhojana tIna dina ke antarAla se hotA hai aura zarIra kA raMga sone ke samAna pIlA hairaNyavata Adi kSetroM meM Ayu kI vyavasthA tthottraaH| (30) (The condition of things is) the same in the north (of mount meru devakurU, hari and himavata are replaced by uttarakuru, ramyak and hairaNyavat 215 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dakSiNa ke samAna uttara meM haiN| jisa prakAra dakSiNa ke kSetroM kA vyAkhyAna kiyA usI prakAra uttara ke kSetroM kA jAnanA caahie| hairaNyavat kSetroM ke manuSyoM kI saba bAteM haimavata ke manuSyoM ke samAna haiM, ramyak kSetra ke manuSyoM kI saba bAteM harivarSa kSetra ke manuSyoM ke samAna haiM aura devakuru kSetra ke manuSyoM kI saba bAteM uttarakuru kSetra ke manuSyoM ke samAna haiN| videha kSetra meM Ayu kI vyavasthA videheSu sNkhyeykaalaaH| (31) In Videha (men have anage of) numberable years i.e. the highest is I crore qe purvas and the least is 377 Antara Muharta. videhoM meM saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle prANI haiN| saba videhoM meM saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle manuSya hote haiN| vahA~ suSamAduHSamA kAla ke anta ke samAna kAla sadA avasthita hai| manuSyoM ke zarIra kI utkRSTa U~cAI pA~ca sau dhanuSa hotI hai, ve pratidina AhAra karate haiN| unakI utkRSTa Aya eka pUrvakoTi varSa pramANa aura jaghanya Ayu antarmuhUrta pramANa hai| puvvassa du parimANaM sadara khalu koddisdshssaaii| chappaNNaM ca sahassA boddhavvA vaaskoddiinnN|| eka pUrva koTI kA pramANa sattara lAkha karor3a aura chappana hajAra karor3a varSa jAnanA caahie| arthAt pUrva koTI - 70,56000,000000 = 70 lAkha, 56 hajAra krodd'| bharata kSetra kA anya prakAra se vistAra bharatasya viSakambho jambUdvIpasya nvtishtbhaagH| (32) The breadth of Bharata Ksetra (is 190th part of the breadth of Jambudvipa (= 100000/190 = 526 6/19 Yojanas.) bharata kSetra kA vistAra jambUdvIpa kA eka sau nabbevA~ bhAga hai| eka lAkha yojana pramANa jambUdvIpa ke vistAra ke eka sau nabbebhAga 216 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karane para jo eka bhAga prApta ho utanA bharatakSetra kA vistAra hai jo ki pUrvokta pA~ca sau chabbIsa sahI chaha baTe unnIsa (526 6/19) yojana hotA hai| dhAtakIkhaNDa kA varNana dvirdhaatkiikhnndde| (33) In the Dhatikikhanda (which is the next region after salt oceans dout samudra the number of Ksetras, mountains, rivers, lakes etc. is)double of that in fasta Jambudvipa. dhAtakI khaNDa meM kSetra tathA parvata Adi jambUdvIpa se dane haiN| apane sire se lavaNoda aura kAlodako sparza karanevAle aura dakSiNa se uttara taka lambe iSvAkAra nAmaka do parvatoM se vibhakta hokara dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa ke do bhAga ho jAte haiM- pUrva dhAta kI khaNDa aura pazcima dhAtakI khnndd| ina pUrva aura pazcima donoM khaNDoM ke madhya meM do mandara arthAt merU parvata haiN| ina donoM ke donoM ora bharata Adi kSetra aura himavAn Adi parvata haiN| isa prakAra do bharata do himavAn ityAdi rUpa se jambUdvIpa se dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa meM dUnI saMkhyA jAnanI caahie| jambUdvIpa meM himavAn Adi parvatoMkA jo vistAra hai dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa meM himavAn Adi parvatoMkA usase dUnA vistAra hai| yahA~ para jambUdvIpa meM apane parivAra vRkSoM sameta jambUvRkSa hone se isa dvIpa kA nAma jambUdvIpa par3A hai| isI prakAra dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa yaha saMjJA zrI dhAtakI arthAt A~vale ke vRkSa ke kAraNa isa kA nAma dhAta kI khaMDa dvIpa par3A hai| puSkara dvIpa kA varNana - puSkarAH c| (34) In the nearest half of puskaradvipa also the number of Ksetras etc. is double of that in Jambudvipa. puSkarArddha meM utane hI haiN| .. jisa prakAra dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa meM himavAn Adi kA vistAra kahA hai usI prakAra puSkarArdha meM himavAn Adi kA vistAra dUnA batalAyA hai| nAma ve hI haiN| do iSvAkAra aura do mandAra parvata pahale ke samAna jAnanA caahie| 217 For Personal & Private Use Only

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yahA~ para jambUdvIpa meM jambUvRkSa hai, puSkara dvIpa meM apane parivAra vRkSoM ke sAtha puSkaravRkSa haiN| isIlie isa dvIpa kA puSkaradvIpa yaha nAma rUr3ha huA hai| zaMkA- isa dvIpa ko 'puSkarArdha' yaha saMjJA kaise prApta huI ? samAdhAna- mAnuSottara parvata ke kAraNa isa dvIpa ke do vibhAga ho gaye haiM ata: Adhe dvIpa ko puSkarArdha yaha saMjJA prApta huii| manuSya kSetra prAG maanussottraanmnussyaaH| (35) On this side of Manusottara (alone) there are men. mAnuSottara parvata ke pahale taka hI manuSya haiN| __ puSkaradvIpa ke ThIka madhya meM cUr3I ke samAna gola mAnuSottara nAma kA parvata hai| usase pahale hI manuSya haiM, unake bAhara nhiiN| isalie mAnuSottara parvata ke bAhara pUrvokta kSetroM kA vibhAga nahIM hai| isa parvata ke usa ora upapAda janmavAle aura samudghAta ko prApta hue manuSyoM ko chor3akara aura dUsare vidyAdhara yA RddhiprApta muni bhI kadAcit nahIM jAte haiN| isalie isa parvata kA mAnuSottara yaha sArthaka nAma hai| isa prakAra jambUdvIpa Adi DhAI dvIpoM meM aura do samudroM meM manuSya jAnanA caahie| manuSyoM ke bheda AryA mlecchaashc| (36) The human beings in these 2 '/2 reigions 37615&14 are of two kinds :377f Arya and Fmocy Mlechchha (i.e. respectively those who care and do not care or religion) Human beings are of 2 kinds : Arya Arya, Noble worthy respectable. mleccha Mlechchha, barbarian non-Aryan, Low, Savage. manuSya do prakAra ke haiM- Arya aura mlecch| Arya- uttama zuddha jAti, kula utpanna, nyAya nIti, sadAcAra dharmAnusAra AcaraNa karane vAle ko saMkSiptata: se hama Arya kaha sakate haiN| anArya- nindanIya, nIca, bhraSTa, nIca jAtikula meM utpanna, nIti, niyama, sadAcAra, 218 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dharma se rahita vyaktiyoM ko saMkSipta se hama anArya kaha sakate haiN| athavA RddhiprApta, ke bheda se Arya do prakAra ke haiN| guNa aura guNavAnoM jo sevita haiM, ve 'Arya' kahalAte haiM / ve Arya do prakAra ke haiM - eka 'RddhiprApta' aura dUsare 'anuddhiprApta' / kSetra, jAti, karma, cAritra aura darzana ke bheda se amRddhi prApta Arya pAMca prakAra ke haiN| jo Rddhi rahita Arya haiM, ve pA~ca prakAra ke haiM- kSetrArya, jAtyArya, karmArya, cAritrArya aura darzanArya / kAzI, kauzala Adi kSetroM meM utpanna mAnava kSetrArya kahalAte haiN| ikSvAMku, bhoja Adi jAtiyoM meM utpanna manuSya jAtyArya haiM / karmA tIna prakAra ke haiM- sAvadyakarmArya, alpasAvadya karmArya aura asAvadha karmArtha / sAvadyakarmArya asi, maSi, kRSi, vidyA, zilpa aura vANijyakarma ke bheda se chaha prakAra ke haiN| talavAra, dhanuSa Adi zastra - vidyA meM nipuNa asikarmArya haiN| dravya ke Aya-vyaya Adi ke lekhana meM kuzala mAnava maSikarma Arya haiN| hala, kuliza, dantAla Adi kRSi (khetI) ke upakaraNa -vidhAna ko jAnane vAlA- vA kRSikArya karane vAlA kRSi karmArya kahalAtA hai / lekhana, gaNita, citrAdi puruSa kI bahattara (72) kalAoM meM catura mAnava vidyAkarmArya hai| dhobI, nApita, (nAI), luhAra, kumbhakAra, survaNakAra Adi zilpa karmArya haiM / candanAdi gaMdha, ghRtAdirasa, cAvala Adi dhAnya, kapAsa Adi AcchAdana (kapar3A), motI, mANikya, suvarNa Adi dravyoM kA saMgraha karane vAle bahuta prakAra ke vANijya karmArya hai / ye chahoM prakAra ke manuSya avirati meM pravaNa (tatpara) hone se ( vrata rahita hone se ) sAvadya karmArya kahalAte haiN| virati - avirati se yukta hone se paMcama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka zrAvikAyeM alpa sAvaMdya karmArya haiN| karma kSaya karane meM udyata, virati meM ra yatijana asAvadya karmArya haiN| cAritrArya do prakAra ke haiM-adhigata cAritrArya aura anadhigata cAritrArya / cAritrArya ke ye do bheda bAhya anupadeza aura upadeza kI apekSA se haiN| bAhya upadeza ke binA svayaM hI cAritra mohanIya karma ke upazama se yA kSaya se jo cAritra pariNAma ko prApta hokara upazAMta kaSAya aura kSINakaSAya ko prApta hue For Personal & Private Use Only 219

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haiM, ve adhigata cAritrArya haiN| tathA antaraMga meM cAritra moha ke kSayopazama kA sadbhAvaM hone para bAhyopadeza kA nimitta pAkara virati bhAva ko prApta hue haiM, ve anadhigata cAritrArya haiN| (rA.vA.pR.556) kucha vaidezika aitihAsika vidvAn mAnate haiM ki pahale Arya loga kAspiyana sAgara ke nikaTastha kSetra meM vAsa karate the| pazucAraNa ke lie kSetra ke abhAva se ve loga vibhinna daloM meM vibhAjita hokara vibhinna deza meM jAkara sthAyI rUpa se vAsa karane lge| usameM se kucha Arya paMjAba se hokara bhArata meM praveza kiye| usa samaya meM bhArata meM kevala anArya (mleccha) loga vAsa karate the| mleccha (anArya) loga ko kucha aitihAsika vijJa drAvir3a bhI kahate haiN| anArya loga dharma-sabhyatA, saMskRti yogya AcAra vicAra se rahita the| ve loga pazupAlana, kRSi, zilpa, AkSarika zikSA-vidyA Adi se rahita the| ve loga vanya pazuoM kA zikAra karake kaccA mAMsa khAte the evaM pazucarma paridhAna karate the| jaba Arya loga pahale-pahale bhAratavarSa meM praveza karane lage taba anArya loga unake sAtha yuddha karake bhArata se haTAne ke lie bahuta puruSArtha kie| parantu Arya loga kalA, kauzala, yuddha, vidyA, astra-zastra meM niSNAta hone ke kAraNa anAryoM ko parAsta karake yatra-tatra phaila gye| anArya loga parAsta hokara vizeSa karake uttara-bhArata ko chor3akara dakSiNa bhArata kI ora cale gaye evaM jaMgala meM rahane lge| vartamAna bhArata meM saMthAla, zavara, bhIla Adi loga anArya haiN| brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya Adi pUrva AryoM ke vaMzadhara haiN| ___ yaha ThIka hai ki prAgaitihAsika kAla (duHSamA kAla) meM bhArata varSa meM mleccha loga bhI rahate the| drAviDa loga bhArata ke Adima AdivAsI tathA adhivAsI bhI haiM, parantu 'Arya loga kAspiyana sAgara nikaTastha kSetroM se bhArata varSa meM Ae' yaha kahanA satya-tathya ke viparIta hai kyoMki Apa loga isa hI pustaka meM pahale par3he hogeM ki bhAratavarSa meM jisa samaya bhoga bhUmi rahatI hai, usa samaya bhAratavarSa meM bhoga bhUmija Arya loga rahate the| Arya loga atyanta sundara, zaktizAlI, bahattara kalAoM meM nipuNa, kalpavRkSa se prApta zuddha amRtopama zAkAhAra bhojana karane vAle, divya AbhUSaNa-pozAka dhAraNa karane vAle, bhoga-vilAsa nRtya, vAditra, saMgIta Adi se jIvana-yApana karane vAle hote 220 For Personal & Private Use Only

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the| isase siddha hotA hai ki vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla ke Adi meM bahudIrghakAla paryanta bhAratavarSa meM bhoga bhUmija Arya rahate the| ataeva kAspiyana sAgara se AryoM kA Agamana bhAratavarSa meM huA, yaha kahanA aitihAsika satya-tathya ke virUddha hai| ata: Arya tathA anArya donoM jAti bhArata ke prAcIna adhivAsI haiN| vaidezika vidvAnoM kA anukaraNa karake kucha bhAratIya loga bhI bhAratIya AryoM ko kAspiyana sAgara ke nikaTavartI kSetra se Ane vAle mAnakara svayaM ko videzI siddha karate hue svayaM ko lajjAnubhava nahIM karate haiN| karmabhUmi kA varNana bharatairavatavidehAH karmabhUmayo'nyatra devakuruttara kurubhyH| (37) Bharata, Airavata and Videha Ksetras except Deva Uttara Kurus are the only regions where we find Karma bhumisi.e. agriculture etc. for sustenance). This is also the region of piety and place from where liberation can be attained. devakuru aura uttarakuru ke sivA bharata, airAvata aura videha ye saba karmabhUmi bharata, airAvata aura videha ye pratyeka pA~ca-pA~ca haiN| ye saba karmabhUmiyA~ kahI jAtI haiN| inameM videha kA grahaNa kiyA hai isalie devakurU aura uttarakuru kA bhI grahaNa prApta hotA hai ata: unakA niSedha karane ke lie 'anyatra devakuruttarakurubhyaH' yaha pada rakhA hai| 'anyatra' zabda kA artha niSedha hai| devakuru, uttarakuru, haimavata, harivarSa, ramyaka, hairaNyavat aura antarvIpa (lavaNa samudra sthita dvIpa vizeSa) ye bhoga bhUmiyA~ kahI jAtI haiN| zaMkA- 'karma bhUmi' yaha saMjJA kaise prApta hotI hai ? samAdhAna- jo zubha aura azubha karmoM kA Azraya ho use 'karma bhUmi' kahate haiN| yadyapi tInoM loka karma kA Azraya hai phira bhI isase utkRSTatA kA jJAna hotA hai ki ye prakarSa rUpa se karma kA Azraya hai| sAtaveM naraka ko prApta karane vAle azubha karma kA bharatAdi kSetroM meM hI arjana kiyA jAtA hai isI prakAra sarvArthasiddhi Adi sthAna vizeSa ko prApta karAne vAle puNya karma kA upArjana bhI yahIM para hotA hai| tathA pAtradAna Adi ke sAtha kRSi Adi chaha prakAra . . 221 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke karma kA Arambha yahIM para hotA hai isalie bharatAdika ko karma bhUmi kahanA caahie| athavA mokSa prApti rUpI karmakArya ina kSetroM se hotA hai isalie bhI inheM karma bhUmi kahate haiN| athavA asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, zilpa Adi karma ina bhUmiyoM meM hI pAye jAte haiM isalie inheM karma bhUmi kahate haiN| anya kSetroM meM dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSa prApta bhogoM ko bhogate hue vahA~ ke jIva asi, masi Adi karma nahIM karate haiM tathA mokSa prApti rUpa kArya bhI vahA~ pUrNa rUpa se nahIM hotA hai| yadyapi vahA~ ke jIva samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiM parantu cAritra dhAraNa nahIM kara sakate unake avirata rUpa pariNAma sadA rahatA hai aura ve bhoga meM sadA masta rahate haiN| vahA~ ke jIva na mokSa prApta kara sakate haiM, na muni bana sakate haiM na vizeSa puNya prakRti kA saMcaya kara sakate haiM aura na hI saptama naraka jAne yogya pApa karma kara sakate haiN| ar3hAI dvIpa rUpI manuSya kSetra meM kula paiMtAlIsa kSetra haiN| inameM se 5 bharata, 5 airAvata, 5 videha ye 15 karma bhUmiyA~ haiM aura zeSa 30 bhoga bhUmiyA~ haiN| manuSyoM kI utkRSTa aura jaghanya sthiti nRsthitI parAvare triplyopmaantrmuhuurte| (38) The age of human beings (ranges from) a maximum of 3 palyas to a minimum of one Antara-muhurta. manuSyoM kI utkRSTa sthiti tIna palya aura jaghanya antarmuhUrta hai| kAla kI sthiti ko jAnane ke lie yahA~ kAla gaNanA de rahe haiM vyavahAra, uddhAra aura addhApalya ke bheda se palya tIna prakAra kA hai| vyavahAra palya, uddhArapalya, addhApalya isa prakAra palya ke tIna vibhAga kiye jAte haiN| ye tInoM palya sArthaka nAma ke dhAraka haiN| inameM uddhAra aura addhApalya ke vyavahAra meM kAraNa hone se pahale palya kA nAma vyavahAra palya hai| isa vyavahAra palyaM se kisI bhI cIja kA pramANa nahIM hotaa| dUsare palya kA nAma uddhArapalya hai| isa uddhArapalya ke romacchedoM se dvIpa, samudroM kI saMkhyA kA nirNaya hotA hai arthAt isa palya ke dvArA dvIpa samudroM kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai| tIsarA addhApalya hai| addhA-kAla ko kahate haiN| addhApalya se Ayu kI 222 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthiti, karmoM kI sthiti jAnI jAtI hai| khulAsA isa prakAra hai-pramANa aMgula se parimita eka yojana lambe caur3e gahare, tIna gaDDhe karane cAhie aura una gaDr3hoM ko eka dina se sAta dina rAtri taka ke bher3a ke bacce ke romoM ke ati sUkSma jinakA dUsarA vibhAga na ho aise Tukar3oM se kUTa-kUTa kara bharanA caahiye| punaH eka-eka sau varSa bAda eka-eka roma kA Tukar3A gaDr3he meM se nikAlanA caahie| jitane samaya meM vaha gaDr3hA khAlI hogA utanA kAla vyavahAra palya' kahalAtA hai| unhIM romacchedoM meM se yadi pratyeka roma ko asaMkhyAta karor3a varSa ke samayoM se chinna kara diyA jAe aura pratyeka samaya meM eka-eka romaccheda ko nikAlA jAe to jitane samaya meM vaha gaDr3hA khAlI hogA, vaha samaya 'uddhAra palya' kA hai| dasa kor3Akor3I uddhAra palya kA eka uddhArasAgaropama kAla hotA hai| DhAI uddhAra sAgaroM ke jitane romaccheda haiM, utane hI dvIpa samudra haiN| puna: uddhAra palyoM ke romacchedoM ko sau varSa ke samayoM se cheda karake eka-eka samaya meM eka-eka romaccheda ke nikAlane para jitane samaya meM vaha gaDDhA khAlI hogA utane samaya kA eka addhApalya' kahalAtA hai| dasa koDAkoDI addhApalyoM kA eka addhAsAgara hotA hai| dasa koDAkoDI addhA sAgara kA eka avasarpiNI aura utane kAla pramANa eka utsarpiNI hotI hai| isa addhApalya se nAraka, tiryaMca, manuSya aura devoM kI karmasthiti, bhavasthiti Ayusthiti aura kAyasthiti mApI jAtI hai| gommaTasAra maiM vibhinna antarmuhUrta kI paribhASA nimna prakAra kI gaI hai sasamayamAvali avaraM, samaUNamuhattayaM tu ukkssN| majjhAsaMkhaviyappaM, viyANa antomuhuttminnN||(1) (pR.262) __eka samaya sahita AvalIpramANa kAla ko jaghanya antarmuhUrta kahate haiN| eka samaya kama muhUrtako utkRSTa antarmuhUrta kahate haiN| ina donoM ke madhyake asaMkhyAta bheda haiN| ina sabako bhI antarmuhUrta hI jAnanA caahiye| 223. For Personal & Private Use Only

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tiryaMcoM kI sthiti tiryagyonijAnAM c| (39) The sub-human beings also have the same range of age: tiryaMcoM kI sthiti bhI utanI hI haiN| tiryaMcoM kI utkRSTa sthiti tIna palya aura jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta hai| tatvArtha sAra meM AcArya amRtacandra sUri ne vibhinna tiryaMcoM tathA manuSyoM kI Ayu kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai dvAviMzatirbhuvAM sapta payasAM daza shaakhinaam| ' nabhasvatAM punastrINi vInAM dvaaspttistthaa| (117) adhyAya 2 (pR.65) uragANAM dvisaMyuktA ctvaariNshtprkrsstH| AyurvarSasahastrANi sarveSAM pribhaassitm||(118) dinAnyekonapaJcAzattyakSANAM trINi tejsH| SaNmAsAzcaturakSANAM bhavatyAyuH , prkrsstH||(119) navAyuH parisarpANAM pUrvAGgAni prkrsstH| dvayakSANAM dvAdazAbdAni jIvitaM syaatprkrsstH||(120) asaMjJinastathA matsyAH krmbhuujaashctusspdaaH| manuSyAzcaiva jIvanti pUrvakoTiM' prkrsstH||(121) ekaM dve trINi palyAni nR-tirazcAM ythaakrmm| jaghanyamadhyamotkRSTabhogabhUmiSu jiivitm| kubhogabhUmijAnAM tu palyamekaM tu jIvitam // (122) . pRthvIkAyika jIvoM kI utkRSTa Ayu bAIsa hajAra varSa, jalakAyika jIvoM kI sAta hajAra varSa, vanaspatikAyika jIvoM kI daza hajAra varSa, vAyukAyika jIvoM kI tIna hajAra varSa, pakSiyoM kI bahattara hajAra varSa, sarpo kI byAlIsa, hajAra varSa, tIna indriya jIvoM kI unacAsa dina, agnikAyika kI tIna dina,. cauindriya jIvoM kI chaha mAha, chAtI se sarakane vAle ajagara Adi kI nau pUrvAGga, do indriyoM kI bAraha varSa, aMsajJI paJcendriya tiryaMca, maccha, karmabhUmija 224 For Personal & Private Use Only

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caupAye eka karor3a pUrva varSa, jaghanya madhyama aura utkRSTa bhogabhUmi ke manuSya tathA tiryaMcoM kI krama se eka palya aura tIna palya tathA kubhogabhUmija manuSya aura tiryaMcoM kI eka palya pramANa utkRSTa sthiti hai| adhyAya 3 abhyAsa prazna1. naraka kI pRthiviyA~ kauna-kauna sI hai tathA usake avasthAna kaise haiM? 2. naraka meM kauna utpanna hote haiM? 3. nArakiyoM ke vividha prakAra ke kaSToM kA savistAra varNana karo? 4. jambUdvIpa kA savistAra varNana karo ? 5. kulAcaloM kA savistAra varNana karo? 6. sarovaroM kA savistAra varNana karoM? 7. mahAnadiyA~ kitanI haiM aura veM kahAM-kahAM bahatI haiM ? 8. kSetra evaM samudroM ke AkAra, vistAra evaM avasthAna kA varNana karo? 9. kAla parivartana kahA~-kahA~ para hotA hai tathA SaTkAla kA varNana karo? 10. bharatAdi kSetra meM AvAsa karane vAle manuSyoM kI utkRSTa evaM jaghanya Ayu ___kA varNana karo? 11. manuSya kSetra kI sImA kahAM taka hai ? 12. manuSyoM ke bhedoM kA varNana karo? 13. karmabhUmi evaM bhogabhUmi kahA~-kahA~ para hai ? dhAtu pASANa kI mUrti ko bhagavAna banAne kI apekSA unakI kRti svarUpa baccoM ko bhagavAna banAnA zreSTha hai| 225 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 4 devoM kA varNana The Celestial Beings devoM ke bheda devaashcturnnikaayaaH| (1) Celestial beingsl are of four orders, groups or classes : bhavanavAsI Residential. vyaMtara Peripatetic. jyotiSka Stellar. vaimAnika Heavenly. deva cAra nikAya vAle haiN| gommaTTasAra meM deva kI paribhASA nimna prakAra dI gaI hai dIvvaMti jado NiccaM, guNehiM advehi divva bhaavhiN| bhAsaMtadivvakAyA, tamhA te vaNNiyA devaa| 'deva' zabda div dhAtu se banA hai jisake ki krIr3A, vijigISA, vyavahAra, dyuti, stuti, moda, mada Adi aneka artha hote haiN| ataeva nirUkti ke anusAra jo manuSyoM meM na pAye jA sakane vAle prabhAva se yukta haiM tathA kulAcaloM paravanoM meM yA mahAsamudroM meM saparivAra vihAra, krIr3A kiyA karate haiN| balavAnoMko bhI jItane kA sAmarthya rakhate haiN| paJcaparameSThiyoM tathA akRtrima caitya, caityAlyoAdi kI stuti vandanA kiyA karate haiN| sadA paMcendriyoM ke sambandhI viSayoMke bhogoM se mudita rahA karate haiM, jo viziSTa dIpti ke dhAraNa karane vAle haiM,jinakA zarIra dhAtu, maladoSa rahita evaM avicchinna rUpa lAvaNya se yukta sadAyauvana avasthA meM rahA karatA hai aura jo aNimA Adi ATha prakAra kI RddhiyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle haiM unako deva kahate haiN| yaha deva-paryAya ke svarUpa mAtra kA nidarzana hai| lakSaNa ke anusAra jo apane kAraNoM se saMcita devAyu aura devagati nAmakarma ke udaya se prApta paryAya ko dhAraNa karanevAle saMsArI jIva haiM ve saba deva haiN| svadharma vizeSa apAdita sAmarthya se nizcayana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha nikAya For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| devagati nAmakarma ke udaya se svadharma vizeSa ke sAmarthya se cayana (pudgala pradezoM kA cayana) hotA hai, saMghAta hotA hai. se nikAya kahate haiN| cAra nikAya jisake haiM usako caturNikAya kahate haiM / bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI aura vaimAnika haiN| bhavanatrika devoM meM lezyA kA vibhAga AditastriSu pItAntalezyA: / (2) From the first to the third (have 4) Lesyas or Paints up to yellow i.e. kRSNa Black nIla Jndigo kApota Grey and pIta yellow. Adi ke tIna nikAyoM meM pIta paryanta cAra lezyA~e haiN| Adi ke - bhavanavAsI, vyantara, aura jyotiSI ina tIna nikAya devoM ke kRSNa, nIla, kApota aura pIta ye cAra lezyAe~ hotI hai| cAra nikAyoM ke prabheda dazASTapaJcadvAdazavikalpAH kalpopapannaparyantA: / ( 3 ) bhavanavAsI Residertial celestial beings are of 10 classes. vyaMtara Peripatetic celestial beings are of 8 classes. jyotiSka Stellar celestial beings are of 5 classes. . kalpavAsI Heavenly celestial beings are of 12 classes. Total beings are of 35 classes. , pA~ca kalpopapanna deva taka ke cAra nikAya ke deva krama se dasa, ATha, pa aura bAraha bheda vAle haiN| jinameM indra Adi dasa prakAra kalpe jAte haiM arthAt vibhAga kiye jAte haiM ve kalpa kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra indrAdika kI kalpanA hI kalpa saMjJA kA kAraNa haiN| yadyapi indrAdika kI kalpanA bhavanavAsiyoM meM bhI sambhava hai phira bhI rUr3hi . se kalpa zabda kA vyavahAra vaimAnikoM meM hI kiyA jAtA hai| jo kalpoM meM utpanna hote haiM ve kalpopapanna kahalAte haiN| tathA jinake anta meM kalpopapanna deva haiM unako kalpopapanna paryanta kahA hai / bhavanavAsI dasa prakAra ke haiM, vyantara ATha prakAra ke haiM, jyotiSa pAMca prakAra ke haiM aura vaimAnika bAraha prakAra ke haiN|. For Personal & Private Use Only 227

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cAra prakAra ke devoM ke sAmAnya bheda indrasAmAnikatrAyastriMzapAriSadAtmarakSalokapAlAnIkaprakIrNakAbhiyogyakilviSikAzcaikaza :1 (4) Every class (has) grades; Powerful and of supreme authority, like a king. sAmAnika Powerful but not authoritative like Indra like father, teacher. trAyastriMza Like minister or Priest, so-called they are 33 in number. pAriSada Like Courtiers. AtmarakSa Like Body-guards. lokapAla " The police, the protectors of the people. anIka " The army. prakIrNaka " The people. Abhiyogya That grade of celestial beings who from themselves into conveyances as horse, lion, swan etc. etc. for the other grades. fchrafuch" That Servile grade. ukta dasa Adi bhedoM meM se pratyeka indra, sAmAnika, trAyastriMza pAriSada, AtmarakSaka, lokapAla, anIka, prakIrNaka, Abhiyogya aura kilviSika rUpa haiN| 1. indra parama aizvarya ke kAraNa 'indra' kahalAtA hai| anya devoM meM nahIM pAI jAne vAlI aNimA, mahimA Adi Rddhi rUpa aizvarya guNa ke yoga se jo AnaMdita hotA hai vaha 'indra' kahalAtA hai / 2. sAmAnika - indra ke sthAna ke yogya hone se sAmAnika hai / indroM ke samAna AjJA evaM aizvarya ko chor3akara zeSa sthAna, Ayu, zakti, parivAra, bhogopabhoga Adi meM jo indroM ke samAna ho ve sAmAnika kahe jAte haiN| 'samAne bhavA: samAnikA : arthAt sthAnAdi se jo samAna hoM ve sAmAnika kahe jAte haiN| sAmAnika deva indra ke pitA, gurU, mahattara, upAdhyAya Adi ke samAna hote haiN| samAna 228 - For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA bhAva sAmAnika kahalAtA hai| 3. vAyastriMza - maMtrI, purohita sthAnIya 'trAyastriMza' kahalAte haiN| jaise yahA~ para hitAhita kI zikSA dene vAle maMtrI, purohita Adi hote haiM; usI prakAra devoM meM indroM ko hitakArI zikSA dene vAle trAyastriMza deva hote haiN| aisA jAnanA caahie| inakI trAyastriMza yaha saMjJA (nAma) kyoM hai ? trayastriMzat meM hone vAle trAyastriMza hote haiN| 'trayastriMzat jAtA : trAyastriMzA :' arthAt taiMtIsoM meM jo utpanna ho ve trAyastriMza kahe jAte haiN| 4. pAriSad - mitra aura pIThamarda sadRza pAriSad hote haiN| pariSad (sabhA) meM hone vAle pAriSad kahalAte haiN| athavA jo mitra aura pIThamarda arthAt nartakAcArya ke samAna vinodazIla hote haiM ve pAriSad kahalAte haiN| 5. AtmarakSaka - zirorakSa kI upamA vAle AtmarakSaka kahalAte haiN| jo AtmA kI rakSA karatA hai, vaha AtmarakSa kahalAtA hai, jaise yahA~ para zirorakSa hote haiN| aMgarakSakoM ke samAna jo kavaca pahine hue, sadA mArane ke lie udyata, raudramUrti, vIra veSa ke dhAraka aura indra kI pITha ke pIche khar3e rahate haiM, ve AtmarakSa deva haiN| zaMkA - devoM ke apAya kA abhAva hai - ata: unameM AtmarakSa Adi kI kalpanA vyartha hai ? uttara - yadyapi indra ko kisI prakAra kA bhaya nahIM hai phira bhI usakI vibhUti ko dyotana karane ke lie tathA prIti kI prakarSatA kA kAraNa hone se dUsaroM . para prabhAva DAlane ke lie AtmarakSa hote haiM; arthAt isa saba parikara ko dekhakara indra ko parama prIti hotI hai| * 6. lokapAla - artharakSaka ke samAna lokapAla hote haiN| loka kA pAlana kere vaha lokapAla hai| unakoM yahA~ ke koTapAla ke samAna samajhanA caahie| ye lokapAla kotavAla ke samAna nagararakSaka haiN| * 1. anIka - daMDa sthAnIya anIka hote haiN| jaise yahA~ para hAthI, ghor3A, padAti, baila, gandharva, nartakI aura ratha yaha sAta prakAra kI senA hai, usa padAti Adi 229 For Personal & Private Use Only

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senA ke samAna deva hote haiM unako anIka kahate haiN| 8. prakIrNaka - puravAsI samAna prakIrNaka haiN| jaise yahA~ para paurajana tathA dezavAsI loka rAjA kI prIti ke kAraNa hote haiM usI prakAra purajana, janapadajana ke samAna indra kI prIti ke kAraNabhUta prakIrNaka deva hote haiN| 9. Abhiyogya - dAsI-dAsa ke samAna Abhiyogya deva hote haiN| jaise yahA~ para dAsa loga vAhana Adi ke dvArA vyApAra karate haiM usI prakAra svargoM meM Abhiyogya jAti ke deva vAhana (hAthI, vimAna) Adi ke dvArA indra, sAmAnika Adi devoM kA upakAra karate haiN| abhimukhya (sevA mukhya) ke yoga Abhiyoga kahalAte haiN| abhiyoga meM hone vAle Abhiyogya kahalAte haiN| . kilviSika - antyavAsI (gA~va ke bAhara rahane vAle bhaMgI Adi samAna) sthAnIya kilviSika kahalAte haiN| kilviSa (pApa) jisake ho vaha kilviSika kahalAtA hai| ye antyavAsiyoM ke samAna hote haiN| (ye indra kI bAhya madhyama aura Antarika tInoM sabhAoM meM praveza nahIM kara skte)| vyaMtara aura jyotiSIdevoM meM iMdra Adi bhedoM kI vizeSatA trAyastriMzalokapAla vA vyntrjyotisskaaH| (5) But the peripatetic and stellar celestial beings the grades of Trayastrinsa like minister or priest, and Lokapala like the police, are denied. kintu vyantara aura jyotiSka deva trAyastriMza aura lokapAla ina do bhedoM se rahita haiN| vyantara aura jyotiSiyoM meM trAyastriMza aura lokapAla ina do bhedoM ke sivA zeSa ATha bheda jAnanA caahie| devoM meM indroM kI vyavasthA puurvyordiindraaH| (6) In the first two/i.e. Residential and peripatetic orders; there are) two Indras (or kings in each of them 10 and 8 classes respectively) 230 For Personal & Private Use Only

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prathama do nikAyoM meM do-do indra haiN| __pUrva ke do nikAya arthAt bhavanavAsI aura vyantara meM do-do indra hote haiN| yathA-bhavanavAsiyoM meM asurakumAroM ke camara aura vairocana ye do indra haiN| nAga kumAroM ke dharaNa aura bhUtAnanda ye do indra haiN| vidyutakumAroM ke harisiMha aura harikAnta ye do indra haiN| suparNakumAroM ke veNudeva aura veNudhArI ye do indra haiN| agnikumAroM ke agnizikha aura agnimAnava ye do indra haiM vAtakumAroM ke vailamba aura prabhaMjana ye do indra haiN| stanitakumAroM ke sughoSa aura mahAghoSa ye do indra haiN| udadhikumAroM ke jalakAnta aura jalaprabha ye do indra haiN| dvIpakumAroM ke pUrNa aura viziSTa ye do indra haiN| tathA dikkumAroM ke amitagati aura amitavAhana ye do indra haiN| vyantaroM meM bhI kinnaroM ke kinnara aura kimpuruSa ye do indra haiN| kimpuruSoM ke satpuruSo aura mahApuruSa ye do indra haiN| mahoragoM ke atikAya aura mahAkAya ye do indra haiN| gandharvo ke gItarati aura gItayaza ye do indra haiN| yakSoM ke pUrNabhadra aura maNibhadra ye do indra haiN| rAkSasoM ke bhIma aura mahAbhIma ye do indra haiN| bhUto ke pratirUpa aura apratirUpa ye do indra haiN| tathA pizAcoM ke kAla aura mahAkAla ye do indra haiN| devoM meM strI sukha kA varNana kAyapravIcArA A aishaanaat| (7) Up to Isana (or The 2nd heaven, celestial beings which include all Residential Peripatetic and Stellar celestial beings) have bodily sexual enjoyment (like human beings.) aizAna taka ke deva kAya pravIcAra arthAt zarIra se viSaya sukha bhogane vAle hote haiN| __ arthAt bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka, saudharma svarga aura aizAna svarga ke devoM meM mAnavoM ke samAna zarIra se kAma sevana hotA hai| maithuna-sevana ko pravIcAra kahate haiN| "pravIcAra" (maithuna) strI-puruSa ke saMyoga se jAyamAna sukharupa kArya kA nAma pravIcAra maithuna hai| kAya meM vA kAya se pravIcAra jisake hotA hai ve kAya pravIcAra kahalAte haiN| 231 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'A' isa aizAna svarga se nIce jo deva haiM, ve saMkliSTa hone se kAya (zarIra) se pravIcAra karate haiM / arthAt mAnavoM ke samAna strI viSaya sambandhI sukha kA anubhava karate haiM- aisA samajhanA cAhie / zeSa svargoM ke devoM ke viSaya zeSAH sparzarUpazabdamana: pravIcArA: / ( 8 ) The others have the sexual enjoyment by means of touch, sight of beauty, sound and mind. zeSa deva sparza, rUpa, zabda aura mana se viSaya sukha bhogane vAle hote haiM / - sAta nambara sUtra meM varNita devoM ke viSaya sukha kAya pravicAra sahita hai| usake Age ke devoM ke sukha kA varNana isa sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai 'vastutaH cAroM nikAya ke deva sacce deva nahIM hai, kyoMki ve sarvakaSAyoM adhIna hai| jinhoMne sampUrNa kaSAyoM aura kAma ko jIta liyA vaha devAdhideva jinendra hI hai| kevala devagati ke udaya ke kAraNa inako rur3hi se deva kahate haiN| ve bhI kAmAgni se saMtapta hone ke kAraNa una ko zAMta karane ke lie kAma sevana karate haiN| kAma sevana ko pravIcAra kahate haiM / saudharma aizAna kalpoM ke deva apanI devAMganAoM ke sAtha manuSyoM ke sadRza kAma sevana karake apanI icchA zAMta karate haiN| sAnatkumAra mAhendra kumAra deva sparza mAtra se apanI pIr3A zAMta karate haiM, brahma - brahmottara, lAntava, kApiSTha devoM ke kAma pIr3A kama hone ke kAraNa devAMganAoM ke rUpAvalokana mAtra se apanI kAma pIr3A zAMta karate haiN| Upara-Upara ke devoM ke puNya adhika hone ke kAraNa evaM unakA sukha adhika hone para kAma pIr3A kama-kama hotI jAtI hai| isIlie zukra-mahAzukra tathA satAra - sahasrAra kalpoM ke deva, devAMganAoM ke gIta sunakara hI kAma pIr3A se rahita ho jAte haiN| AnatAdi cAra kalpoM ke deva mana meM devAMganAoM kA vicAra karate hI kAma vedanA se rahita ho jAte haiN| isake Age nau graiveyaka se sarvArthasiddhi paryanta sabhI deva ahamindra hai / ina ahamindroM meM kAma vedanA utpanna hI nahIM hotI hai| ye pravIcAra se rahita evaM anya devoM se mahAsukhI hai| 232 For Personal & Private Use Only

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solaha svargoM se Upara ke devoM ke sukha pre'prviicaaraaH| (9) The remaining (Celestial beings are) without sexual desire. (There are no Goddesses there. Beyond the 16th heaven there is only the mali sex. bAkI ke saba deva viSaya sukha se rahita hote haiN| bAkI ke saba deva arthAt pUrvokta sAtaveM evaM AThaveM sUtra meM jitane devoM ke vizeSa viSaya sukha kA varNana kiyA hai usako chor3akara zeSa navagraiveyaka Adi meM vizeSa viSaya sukha nahIM hai| cAritra mohanIya karma ke tIvra udaya se jo vedanA hotI hai usakA pratikAra karane ke lie jIva kAmavAsanA kA sevana karatA hai| parantu navagraiveyaka, vijaya vaijanta, jayanta, aparAjita tathA sarvArthasiddhi ke deva adhika puNyazAlI hone ke kAraNa tathA zubha lezyA hone ke kAraNa unheM vizeSa kAma vikAra kI vedanA nahIM hotI hai| isake abhAva se unheM paramasukha prApta hotA hai| bhavanavAsiyoM ke isa bheda bhvnvaasino'surnaagvidyutsuprnnaagnivaatstnitoddhidviipdikkumaaraaH|(10) (The 10 classes of) Residential celestial beings (are): Asura Kumar, Naga, Vidyuta, Suparna, Agni, Vata, Stanita, Udadhi, Dvipa and Dik Kumara: bhavanavAsI deva dasa prakAra ke haiM-asurakumAra, nAgakumAra, vidyutkumAra, suparNakumAra, agnikumAra, vAtakumAra, stanitakumAra, udadhikumAra, dvIpakumAra aura dikkumaar| - kaumAra, rUpa, vaya vizeSa, vikriyAdi yoga hone se ve kumAra kahalAte haiN| sarva devoM kI avasthA, Ayu evaM svabhAva nizcita hai tathApi unakA.vikriyA karane kA svabhAva kaumAra rUpa vizeSa avasthA sarIkhA hotA hai| kumAroM ke hI samAna unake veza-bhUSA, bhASA, AbhUSaNa, praharaNa AvaraNa yAnavAhana hote ' haiM, rAgajanita krIr3AoM meM Asakta rahane ke kAraNa ye deva kumAra kahalAte haiN| 233 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyantara devoM ke ATha bheda vyantarAH kinnrkiNpurussmhorggndhrvykssraaksssbhuutpishaacaaH| (11) The (classes of) Peripatetics (are): 1. Kinnara. 2. Kimpurusha. 3. Mahoraga. 4. Gandharva. 5. Yaksha. 6. Rakshasa. 7. Bhuta. 8. Pishacha. vyantara deva ATha prakAra ke hai- kinnara, kimpuruSa, mahoraga, gandharva, yakSa rAkSasa, bhUta aura pishaac| _ vividha dezoM meM nivAsa karanevAle hone se vyantara kahalAte haiN| vividha dezAntaroM meM jinakA nivAsa hai, veM vyantara haiN| yaha inakA sArthaka nAma hai, kinnara Adi AThoM vikalpoM kI sAmAnya saMjJA vyantara hai| ye deva pavitra vaikriyika zarIradhArI hote haiN| ye kabhI azuci audArika zarIravAle manuSya Adi kI kAmanA nahIM karate haiM aura na mAMsa-madirAdi ke khAna-pAna meM hI pravRtta hote haiN| loka meM jo vyantaroM kI mAMsAdi grahaNa kI pravRtti sunI jAtI hai, vaha kevala unakI krIr3A mAtra hai| unake to mAnasika AhAra hotA hai| prazna:- una vyantaroM ke rahane ke sthAna kahA~ haiM ? uttara:- isa jambUdvIpa ke tirache dakSiNa dizA meM asaMkhyAta dvIpa-samudroM ke bAda nIce kharapRthvI ke UparI bhAga meM dakSiNAdhipati kinnarendra kA nivAsa hai| vahA~ usake asaMkhyAta lAkha nagara haiN| isake cAra hajAra sAmAnika deva, tIna pariSad (sabhA), sAta prakAra kI senA, cAra agramahiSiyA~ aura solaha hajAra AtmarakSaka deva haiN| uttarAdhipati kinnarendra kimpuruSa kA bhI utanA hI vaibhava aura parivAra 234 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| usakA AvAsa uttaradizA meM hai| zeSa chaha dakSiNAdhipati-satpuruSa, atikAya, * gairati, pUrNabhadra, svarUpa aura kAla nAmaka indroM ke AvAsa dakSiNa dizA meM haiM tathA uttarAdhipati mahApuruSa, mahAkAya gIlayarA, maNibhadra apratirUpa aura mahAkAla nAmaka vyantarendroM ke AvAsa uttaradizA meM haiM aura unake rahane ke sthAna nagara asaMkhyAta lAkha haiN| dakSiNa dizA meM paMkabahula bhAga meM bhIma nAmaka rAkSasendra ke asaMkhyAta lAkha nagara kahe gaye haiM aura uttarAdhipati mahAbhIma nAmaka rAkSasendra ke uttaradizA meM paMkabahula bhAga meM asaMkhyAta lAkha nagara haiN| ina solahoM vyantara indroM ke sAmAnika Adi vibhava-parivAra tulya haiM arthAt cAra hajAra sAmAnika, tIna pariSad, sAta anIka, cAra agramahiSiyA~ aura solaha hajAra AtmarakSaka deva pratyeka indra ke haiN| bhUmitala para bhI dvIpa, parvata, samundra, deza, grAma, nagara, trika (tirAhA), caurAhA, ghara, AMgana, galI, jalAzaya, udyAna aura devamandira Adi sthAnoM meM vyantara devoM ke asaMkhyAta lAkha AvAsa kahe gaye haiN| deza, videza meM, dharma meM, loka meM , Ayurveda, maMtra-taMtra yahA~ taka ki vartamAna vijJAna evaM manovijJAna meM bhI bhUta kI mAnyatA evaM samasyAyeM bhI haiN| koI-koI bhUta ko pUrNa rUpa se nahIM mAnate haiM to kahIM-kahIM bhUta kI atimAnyatA bhI hai| kucha AdivAsI (bhIla, zabara) kucha dharmAndha vyakti bhUta ko deva mAnakara pUjA bhI karate haiN| kucha loga mAnate haiM ki, marane ke bAda jIva ko jaba taka anya gati nahIM milatI hai taba taka vaha bhUta banakara idhara udhara ghUmatA phiratA hai| isa prakAra loka meM bhUta sambandhI aneka ativAda 'kalpanA' haiN| parantu isa sUtra meM AcAryazrI ne bhUtAdi ke satya svarUpa kA varNana kiyA hai| ... isake pahale-pahale Apa logoM ne adhyayana kiyA hai ki saMsAra meM jo anaMtAnaMta jIva haiM unake do bheda haiM:- (1) saMsArI (2) mukt| karma rahita evaM ananta jJAna, darzana sahita, jIva ko mukta jIva kahate haiN| karma sahita jIva ko saMsArI jIva kahate haiN| karma sahita jIva ke cAra bheda haiM:- deva, manuSya, tiryaMca evaM naarkii| deva ke cAra bheda haiN| yathA- bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimaanik| unameM se jo vyantara deva haiM unake phira ATha bheda ho gaye haiM:-bhUta, pizAca, rAkSasa, yakSa aadi| jo jIva hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi pApa se lipta rahate haiM, aura thor3e se niratizaya puNya (pApAnubaMdhI puNya) se sahita hote 235 For Personal & Private Use Only

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haiM aise jIva marakarake janmAntara meM bhUta Adi bana sakate haiN| vaikriyika zarIradhArI hone ke kAraNa evaM choTe se choTe deva meM bhI alpamAtrA meM bhI aNimA, garimA Adi Rddhi hone se ve vibhinna choTe bar3e zarIra ko dhAraNa karake AzcaryakArI kArya kara sakate haiN| choTe-bar3e dRzya adRzya zarIra dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| jina ke Upara rAga hotA hai unheM lAbha pahu~cA sakate haiM aura jina para dveSa hotA hai unheM kSati bhI pahuMcA sakate haiN| unakA zarIra vaikriyika hone ke kAraNa evaM icchAnusAra choTA-bar3A zarIra dhAraNa karane kI zakti hone ke kAraNa ve dUsaroM ke zarIra meM praveza kara sakate haiN| jisako sAdhAraNata: bhUta laga gayA mAnate haiM vaha prAya: galata hai| parantu bhUta kadAcit zarIra meM praveza kara sakatA hai lAbha-hAni pahu~cA sakatA hai yaha bhI satya hai| parantu bhrAMtivazata: ajJAnatA ke kAraNa vAyuvikAra, hisTeriyA, kAmavikAra, damita icchA Adi ke kAraNa jo mana meM evaM zarIra meM vikAra utpanna hotA hai use hI bhUta praviSTa mAna lete haiN| jyotiSka devoM ke pA~ca bheda jyotiSkA: sUryAcandramasau grahanakSatraprakIrNakatArakAzca / (12) The classes of settlers are: 1. Surya the sun. 2. Chandrama, the moon. 3. Graha, the planets. 4. Nakshatra, the constellations. 5. prakirnika taraka, scattered stars. jyotiSI deva pAMca prakAra ke hai- sUrya, candramA, graha, nakSatra aura prakIrNaka taareN| dyotana svabhAvatva hone se ye jyotiSka kahalAte haiN| dyotana, prakAzana ye ekaarthvaacii| prakAza karane kA hI svabhAva hone se pAMco vikalpoM vAle jyotiSI devoM ko "jyotiSkA", yaha sArthaka sAmAnya saMjJA hai| jyotiSka devoM ke avasthAna kahA~ para haiM isa kA varNana trilokasAra meM nimna prakAra haiM 236 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #250
Nauduttarasattasae dasa sIdI caduduge tiyacaukke / tAriNasasirikkhabuhA sukkguruNgaarmNdgdii||(332) (citrA pRthvI se) sAta sau nabbe yojana Upara, isase daza, assI do bAra cAra arthAt, cAra, cAra aura cAra bAra tIna yojana arthAt tIna-tIna tIna aura tIna yojana Upara krama se tArA, sUrya, candra, RkSa (nakSatra) budha, zukra, guru, aMgAraka (maMgala) aura mandagati (zanizcara) sthita haiN| citrA pRthvI se jyotirbimboM kI U~cAI kra. jyotirbimboM yojanoM meM U~cAI mIloM meM U~cAI saM. ke nAma 1. tArAgaNa citrA pRthvI se 790 yojana Upara 3160000 mIla Upara 2. sUrya | 790 + 10 = 800 yojana Upara | 3200000 mIla Upara 3. candra | 800 + 80 = 880 yojana Upara 3520000 mIla Upara 4. RkSa (nakSatra) 880 + 4 = 884 yojana Upara 3536000 mIla Upara 5. budha .. | 884 + 4 = 888 yojana Upara 3552000 mIla Upara 6. zukra 888 + 3 = 891 yojana Upara 3564000 mIla Upara 7. guru | 891 + 3 = 894 yojana Upara 3576000 mIla Upara aMgAraka 894 + 3 = 897 yojana Upara 3588000 mIla Upara - (maMgala) 9. mandagati 897 + 3 = 900 yojana Upara | 3600000 mIla Upara (zani) isa prakAra jyotiSI devoM kI U~cAI (10+80+4+4+3+3+3+3= 110) yojana (440000 mIla) hai| arthAt sampUrNa jyotiSI deva pRthvI tala se 790 yojana (3160000 mIla) kI U~cAI se prAraMbha kara 900 yojana (3600000 mIla) kI U~cAI taka sthita hai| 237 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #251
citrA pRthvI se Upara jAkara budha aura zanizcara ke antarAla meM avaziSTa 83 grahoM kI nitya nagariyA~ avasthita haiN| avasesANa gahANaM NayarIo uvari cittabhUmIdo / gaMttU bahasaNINaM viccAle hoMti NiccAo / / (333) vizeSArtha :- citrA pRthvI se Upara jAkara budha aura zanizcara grahoM ke antarAla arthAt 888 yojana aura 900 yojana ke bIca meM avazeSa 83 grahoM kI 83 nagariyA~ nitya - avasthita haiM / sampUrNa graha 88 haiM, unameM se (1) budha, (2) zukra, (3) gurU, (4) maMgala aura (5) zani ina pA~ca grahoM ko chor3akara avazeSa, ( 1 ) kAla vikAla, (2) lohita, (3) kanaka, (4) kanaka saMsthAna, (5) antarada ( 6 ) kacayava, ( 7 ) dundabhi:, (8) ratnanibha, (9) rUpanirbhAsa, ( 10 ) nIla, (11) nIlAbhAsa, (12) azva, (13) azvathAna, ( 14 ) koza, ( 15 ) kaMsavarNa, ( 16 ) kaMsa, ( 17 ) zaGkha, pariNAma, (18) zaGkha varNa, (19) udaya, (20) paJcavarNa, ( 21 ) tila, (22) tilapucha, ( 23 ) kSArarAzi, (24) dhUma, (25) dhUmaketu, (26) eka saMsthAna (27) akSa, (28) kalevara, ( 29 ) vikaTa, ( 30 ) abhinnasadhi, ( 31 ) ganthi, ( 32 ) mAna, (33) catu:pAda, (34) vidyujivhA, ( 35 ) nabha, (36) sadRza, (37) nilaya, (38) kAla, (39) kAlaketu, (40) anaya, ( 41 ) siMhAyu, (42) vipula, (43) kAla (44) mahAkAla (45) rUdra, (46) mahArUdra, ( 47 ) santAna, ( 48 ) sambhava, (49) svarvArthI, (50) dizA, ( 51 ) zAnti, ( 52 ) vastuna, (53) nizcala, ( 54 ) pralambha, ( 55 ) nirmantro, ( 56 ) jyotiSmAn, ( 57 ) svayaMprabha, ( 58 ) bhAsura, (59) viraja, (60) nirdu: kha, (61) vItazoka, (62) sImaGkara, (63) kSemaGkara, (64) abhayaGkara, (65) vijaya, ( 66 ) vaijayanta, ( 67 ) jayanta, ( 68 ) aparAjita, (69) vimala, ( 70 ) trasta, ( 71 ) vijayiSNu, (72) vikasa, (73) karikASTa, (74) ekajaTi, (75) agnijvAla, ( 76 ) jalaketu, (77) ketu, (78) kSIrasa, (79) agha, (80) zravaNa, (81) rAhu, ( 82 ) mahAgraha aura (83) bhAvagraha ina 83 grahoM kI nagariyA~ budha aura zani graha ke antarAla meM avasthita haiN| 238 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #252
atthai saNI Navasaye cittAdo tAragAvi taavdie| joisapaDala-bahallaM dasasahiyaM joyaNANa sayaM // (334) citrA pRthvI se zanizcara nau sau yojana Upara sthita hai aura tArAgaNa bhI nau sau yojana paryanta avasthita haiM, ata : jyotiSI devoM ke paTaloM kA bAhulya mAtra 110 yojana hI hai| citrA pRthvI se 900 yojana (3600000 mIla) Upara jAkara zanizcara graha sthita hai, tathA isI pRthvI se 790 yojana (3160000 mIla) Upara jAkara arthAt 790 yojana se 900 yojana paryanta tArAgaNoM kI nagariyA~ sthita haiN| ata: jyotiSI devoM kA kula kSetra 110 yojana (440000 mIla ) mAtra prApta hotA hai| (triloka sAra pR.sa.280) vijJAna kI apekSA isa brahmANDa meM anekAneka AkAza gaMgA, nihArikA, nakSatrapuJja, nakSatra, graha, upagraha, pucchalatArA, ulkApiNDa Adi haiN| mukhyata: jyotirloka ko do bhAga meM vibhakta kara sakate haiN| (1) svayaMprabha (2) anyaprabha se prkaashit| jyotiSka ko jo svayaMprabha haiM, nakSatra kahate haiN| jo anya ke prabhAva se prakAzita haiM, unako graha evaM upagraha kahate haiN| nakSatra se graha evaM graha se upagraha kI sRSTi hotI hai| sUrya - sUrya ke samAna hamAre vizva meM anya koI jyotiSka mUlyavAna nahIM hai| sUrya bhI sAmAnya nakSatra hai| pRthvI ke lie sUrya prakAza evaM zakti kA AdhAra hai| sUrya kA vyAsa prAya : 1.4 x 10deg mITara hai| yaha prAya : pRthvI se 109 gunA baDA hai| sUrya kA vastutva 2 x 1030 Kg. athavA, prAya : pRthvI se 3,33,000 gunA vastutva ke samAna hai| sUrya kA ghanatva 1.4 g/cm' arthAt pRthvI ke ghanatva kA caturthAMza hai| sUrya halke dravya se banA hai| sUrya ke svayaM akSa ke paribhramaNa kA kAla 27 dina hai| sUrya kA madhya bhAga hRdaya hai jo samasta zaktiyoM kA AdhAra hai| yahA~ para haoNiDrojana ke nAbhika prAya : 14 miliyana seMTIgreDa uSNatA se hIliyama nAbhika meM parivartita hote rahate haiN| jaba yaha parivartana hotA hai, to gAmA kiraNoM se zakti utpanna hotI hai| dUsarA stara, jo ki ghana nyUklI gaisa gAmA kiraNa se visphoTa hotA hai, jisakI moTAI 130000 ki. mI. hai| isako phoTospeyara kahate haiN| isake bAhya bhAga meM jo ki sUrya kA bAhya stara 239 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #253
hai, sUrya kalaMka evaM sUrya kiraNeM pAI jAtI haiN| caramospheyara evaM koranA ke bheda se sUrya ke do maNDala haiN| caramospheyara 10000 se lekara 15000 ki. mI. moTA hai| isake nIce bhAga kI uSNatA prAya : 6000 seMTIgreDa hai evaM Upara ke bhAga kI prAya :100000 seMTIgreDa hai| koranA stara meM saMzleSita oNksIjana, nAiTrojana, lauha, nikala kailziyama Adi aMza haiN| prakAzita sUrya pRSTha 800 se lekara 80000 ki. mI. vistRta aMdhakAra aMza hai usako sUrya kalaMka kahate haiN| phoTospheyara kI uSNatA 6000 seMTIgreDa evaM prakAza kI tulanA meM isa azaM kA prakAza evaM uSNatA kama arthAt 4500 DigrI hone ke kAraNa yaha aMza kAlA dikhAI detA hai, kyoMki adhika prakAza kI tulanA meM kama prakAza tirohita ho jAtA hai evaM kAlA dikhAI detA hai| jaba sUrya se aMtarnihita uttapta padArtha nikalate haiM evaM visphoTa hote haiM taba sUrya kalaMka kI sRSTi hotI hai| yaha kalaMka prAya : 11 varSa meM kama-adhika hotA hai| isa sUrya kalaMka ke kAraNa pRthvI pRSTha meM aneka prAkRtika parivartana hotA hai| jaise - ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, sazya vRddhi-hAni, samudra ke jvAra meM hAni vRddhi aadi| sUrya meM aneka jvAlAe~ haiN| jaba sUrya meM zakti kA visphoTa hotA hai phira taba yaha jvAlAe~ nikalatI haiN| eka-eka jvAlA lakSAvadhi mIla laMbI hotI hai| sUrya aneka dinoM se prakAza evaM zakti vitaraNa karatA hai phira bhI usakI zakti evaM prakAza kI sRSTi hotI rahatI hai| saura jagat ke zakti evaM prakAza kA kendrasthala sUrya hai| sUrya svayaM kI zakti ke mAdhyama se apane anya grahoM ko arthAt sUrya parivAra ko AkarSita karake apane caturpArzva meM ghumAtA hai| sUrya kI zakti jyAdA hone se sUrya parivAra, sUrya kI zakti ko atikrama karake ghumatA huA bAhara palAyana nahIM karatA hai| sUrya ke abhAva se sUrya parivAra aMdhakArAchanna ho jAyegA evaM grahoM meM atyadhika zIta ke kAraNa barpha jama jaayegii| sUrya ke abhAva se pRthvI meM tathA anya grahoM meM jIva-jagat kA abhAva ho jaaegaa| bhU-pRSTha meM divA-rAtri, Rtu parivartana, vRSTi Adi sUrya ke kAraNa se hote haiN| sUrya ke budha, maMgala, pRthvI Adi navagraha, kucha pucchalatArA Adi haiN| yaha graha sUrya ko kendra karake aNDAkAra-patha meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| grahAdi 240 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #254
sUrya kA paribhramaNa karate samaya svayaM ke kakSa meM bhI bhramaNa karate haiN| inakA paribhramaNa kSetra kama- adhika hone ke kAraNa paribhramaNa kAla bhI kama adhika hotA hai| grahoM ke akSa bhramaNa bhI pRthak-pRthak hai| pucchala tAroM kA paribhramaNa kSetra laMbA evaM aNDAkRti hai| candramA - candramA pRthvI kA upagraha hai| candramA anyaprabha hai jo ki sUrya ke dvArA prakAzita hotA hai| sUrya kI kiraNa candramA para par3akara jaba pratiphalita hotI hai taba candramA prakAzita dikhAI detA hai, jisa ke kAraNa candrarazmi zItala hai| candramA kA vyAsa pRthvI ke vyAsa ke eka caturthAMsa = 3476 ki. mI. arthAt 2160 mIla hai| jaba ki pRthvI kA 12745 ki. mI. arthAt 7920 mIla hai isakA kSetraphala 3.796 x 1013m hai| isakI sAndratA pAnI kI sAndratA se 3.3 guNA hai| jabaki pRthvI kI sAndratA 5.5 guNA hai| isakA vastutva 2.199 x 10deg m' evaM vastu 7.3491020 Kg. arthAt candra evaM pRthvI ke vastu kI tulanA 1/81.4 hai| candra kA vastutva kama hone ke kAraNa usakI kendrAkarSaNa zakti kama hai| isaliye jo vastu pRthvI pRSTha meM jitanI bhArI hotI hai, vahI vastu candra meM 1/6 bhAga (vajana) raha jAtI hai arthAt yahA~ jisa vastu kA vajana 60 kilo hai vahA~ usakA vajana 10 kilo raha jaayegaa| jisa vyakti kA vajana yahA~ 60 hai vahA~ usakA vajana 10 kilo hone ke kAraNa vaha svayaM ko halkA anubhava karegA evaM pRthvI pRSTha meM jisa vastu ko vaha kaThinAI se Upara uThAtA hai usako vaha atyanta saralatA se uThA skegaa| pRthvI meM jitanA dUra manuSya uchala sakatA hai, usase kahIM adhika dUrI taka candramA meM uchala sakatA hai| pRthvI jisa prakAra sUrya ko kendra karake paribhramaNa karatI hai, usI prakAra candra pRthvI ko kendra kara paribhramaNa karatA hai| pRthvI ko paribhramaNa karane ke liye prAya : 27.3 divasa lagate haiN| eka pUrNimA se lekara anya pUrNimA kA samaya prAya : 29.5 divasa hotA hai| candra ko svayaM ke akSa meM paribhramaNa ke lie bhI 27.3 dina lagate haiN| candra ke bhramaNa evaM paribhramaNa kA kAla samAna hone ke kAraNa sarvadA usakA eka pArzva sUrya kI tarapha rahatA hai jabaki anya eka pArzva sUrya ke viparIta pArzva meM rahatA hai| jo aMza sUrya kI tarapha rahatA hai, vaha aMza sarvadA prakAzita rahatA hai evaM uSNa rahatA hai| anya pArzva andhakAramaya 241 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #255
evaM zItala rahatA hai| jo aMza prakAzita rahatA hai, vaha aMza hamako dikhAI detA hai, anya aMza kabhI dikhAI nahIM detA hai| nitya sUrya kiraNa kI prApti se evaM jvAlAmukhI ke kAraNa candrapRSTha marUbhUmi ke samAna hai| candrapRSTha meM aneka gahavara evaM choTe-choTe pahAr3a haiN| gahvara ke kAraNa candrapRSTha hama logoM ko kalaMka se sahita dikhAI detA hai| jvAlAmukhI ke kAraNa vahA~ kI miTTI prAya : bhasma ke samAna hai| vahA~ kI paristhiti jIva sRSTi ke anukUla nahIM hai| oNksIjana kA parimANa bahuta hI kama hai, jala kA abhAva hai, isalie candra para jIva jagat nahIM hai| pahale bhI vahA~ jIva jagat nahIM thA tathA Age bhI jIva jagat kI sRSTi kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| sUrya, candra se 400 gunA bar3A hai| kiMtu hinduoM ke matAnusAra, sUrya kI dUrI hamase candra kI apekSA 400 gunA adhika hone se donoM samAna dikhAI dete haiN| amAvasyA meM donoM eka sAtha udaya evaM asta hote haiN| pUrNimA ke dina sUrya ke asta hone ke bAda candra udaya hotA hai| anya samaya meM donoM kA udaya evaM asta bhinna-bhinna samaya meM hotA hai| sUrya evaM candra ke kAraNa samudra meM jvAra-bhATA bhI AtI hai| candra meM madhyAnha kAla meM uSNatA 125 DigrI seMTIgreDa hai, sandhyA kAla meM - 10 DigrI seMTIgreDa hai aura madhya rAtri meM -80 DigrI seMTIgreDa hai| hinduoM ke matAnusAra, sUrya evaM candra deva haiN| donoM deva AkAza meM svayaM ratha ke Upara baiThakara gamana karate haiN| purANa ke anusAra, sUrya, kazyapa aura aditi kA putra mAne jAte haiN| sUrya apane sAta ghor3oM vAle ratha meM baiThakara bhramaNa karate haiN| arUNa isa ratha ke sArathI haiN| sUrya bhagavAn ratha meM baiThe hue saba logoM ko tathA unake zubhAzubha karmoM ko dekhate haiN| saMjJA (chAyA yA azvinI) unakI pradhAna patnI kA nAma hai| isake yama aura yamunA paidA hue haiN| do azvinI kumAroM tathA zanikA janma bhI inase hI huA hai| rAjAoM ke sUrya vaMza kA pravartaka tejasvI manu bhI sUrya ke hI putra the| varSa meM eka bAra sUrya apane zatru rAhu yA ketu dvArA grasita hote haiN| grasane kI isa ghaTanA ko sUryagrahaNa kahate hai| candra sUrya kA eka graha hai| hinduoM kA mata hai ki candra samudra se utpanna huA hai| apanI mAtA ke zApa ke kAraNa candra kA AkAra eka pakSa meM bar3hatA aura dUsare pakSa meM ghaTatA hai| AkAra kA ghaTanA bar3hanA candrakalA ke rUpa meM 242 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #256
jAnA jAtA hai| jyotiSka devoM kA azeSa varNana merupradikSaNA nivAgata yo nRloke| (13) In the human regions (i.e. the 2.5 dvipas, the stellars) always move round (their respective) mount Meru (but their nearest orbit to the Central Meru in Jambudvipa has a radius of 1121 Yojanas. jyotiSI deva manuSya loka meM meru kI pradakSiNA karane vAle aura nirantara gatizIla haiN| prAta: kAla sUrya pUrva dizA meM udaya hotA hai evaM sAyaMkAla meM pazcima dizA meM asta hotA hai| rAtri meM bhI aneka jyotiSka dhruva nakSatroM ko chor3akara jo sAyaMkAla meM jisa sthAna meM dikhAI dete haiM, madhyarAtri meM evaM prAta:kAla meM unakA sthAna pazcima dizA kI ora hotA hai| isI prakAra pUrva dizA se pazcima dizA kI ora sthAna parivartana kA kAraNa kyA hai? isakA uttara yaha hai ki 'meru pradakSiNA nityagatayo nRloke', arthAt jyotiSkadeva meru kI pradakSiNA karake nitya bhramaNa karate haiN| evaM 'tatkRta : kAla vibhAgaH' arthAt inakI gati ke anusAra dina-rAtri Adi kAla vibhAga hotA hai| igivIseyArasayaM vihAya meru caraMti joignnaa| caMdatiyaM vajjittA sesA hu caraMti ekkphe| (trilokasAra) (345) jyotiSka devoM ke samUha merU parvata ko 1121 yo. (4484000 mIla) chor3akara pradakSiNA rUpa se gamana karate haiN| candra, sUrya evaM graha ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI jyotiSka deva eka hI patha meM gamana karate hai| ina tInoM ke aneka gati-patha haiN| jyotiSka devoM ke gamana kA kAraNa-manuSya loka saMbandhI jyotiSka deva nitya kyoM paribhramaNa karate haiM? unake paribhramaNa kA kyA kAraNa hai? una vimAnoM ko vahana karake kauna le jAtA hai ? ityAdi anekoM praznoM kA uttara jainAcAryoM ne nimnokta prakAra diyA hai: 243 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sihaMgayavasahajaDilassAyArasurA vahaMti puvvaadi| iduravINaM solsshssmddhddhmidrtiye|| (trilokasAra) (343) siMha, hAthI, baila aura jaTAyukta ghoDe ke rUpa ko dhAraNa karane vAle 16-16 hajAra Abhiyogya deva candra aura sUrya ke haiN| pUrva dizA ke vAhana 4 hajAra siMha kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle, dakSiNa dizA ke hAthI kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle 4 hajAra, pazcima dizA ke vAhana baila kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle 4 hajAra evaM uttara dizA ke vAhana ghor3e kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle Abhiyogya deva apane-apane vimAna ko le jAte haiN| zeSa graha-nakSatra tArAoM ke Adhe-Adhe parimANa meM vimAnavAhana deva haiM, arthAt zukra, gurU, budha, zani, maMgala grahoM ke 8-8 hajAra deva haiN| unameM se 2000 siMha, 2000 hAthI, 2000 baila evaM 2000 ghor3e ke rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle deva haiN| nakSatroM ke 4000 haiM, unameM se 1000 siMha 1000 hAthI, 1000 baila aura 1000 ghor3e ke rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle deva haiN| tAroM ke 2000 vAhana deva hai unameM se 500 siMha, 500 hAthI, 500 baila aura 500 ghor3e ke rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle haiN| bhramaNazIla jyotiSka vimAna kI svAbhAvika gati bhI hotI haiN| isa gati kriyA se prerita hokara bhramaNazIla . jyotiSka vimAna AkAza meM bhramaNa karate rahate haiN| nakSatroM meM uttara dizA meM abhijita nakSatra kA dakSiNa meM mUlA nakSatra kA Urdhva meM svAti kA adho meM dharaNI kA tathA madhya meM kRtikA nakSatra kA gamana hotA hai| kSetrAntara meM prApta hone vAle ina pAMcoM nakSatroM kI aisI hI sthiti aisI koI dalIla kara sakatA hai ki jyotiSka deva gamana nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki gamana karane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai| isakA uttara 'rAjavArtika' gratha meM zrImad bhaTTAkalaMka deva ne diyA hai- 'gatiratAbhiyogya devavahanAt / gatiratAhi Abhiyogya devA vahantItyuktaM purastAt arthAt gatirata Abhiyogya jAti ke vAhana devoM ke dvArA jyotiSka devoM kA gamana hotA hai| kyoMki Abhiyogya deva gatirata rahate haiN| evaM gatirata hone ke kAraNa ve jyotiSka devoM ke vAhana-vahana karake le jAte haiM, jisakA pahale hI varNana kiyA gayA hai| 244 For Personal & Private Use Only

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koI prazna kara sakatA hai ki Abhiyogya jAti ke deva isI prakAra kArya satat kyoM karate haiM ? isakA uttara AcArya ne isa prakAra diyA hai"karmaphalavicitrabhAvAcca karmANAMhi phala vaicitryeNa pacyate tatasteSAM gati pariNatimukhenaiva krmphlmvvoddhvym"| arthAt karmoM ke phala kI vicitratA se abhiyogya deva vimAnoM ko vahana karake nitya gamana karate haiN| Abhiyogya devoM ke pUrvopArjita karmoM kA udaya aisA hI hai, jisase inheM vimAnoM ko vahana karake hI apane karmoM ko bhoganA par3atA hai| sUrya, candra Adi vimAna anAdikAla se AkAza meM svayaM avasthita haiN| vimAna ko AkAza meM kisI ne dhAraNa nahIM kiyA haiN| yA kisI kendrAkarSaNa (gravitation) gurUtvAkarSaNa zakti ke dvArA paraspara AkarSaNa ke dvArA AkAza meM sthita nahIM hai| kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke dvArA bhI jyotiSagaNa AkAza meM bhramaNa evaM paribhramaNa nahIM karate haiN| yadi kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke dvArA paraspara AkarSita hote, taba samasta AkAzIya piNDa (jyotiSka) AkarSita hokara kyoM eka sthAna meM sammilita nahIM ho jAte? jaise- vRhat cumbaka apane cumbakIya kSetra meM rahane vAle choTe-choTe loha khaNDoM ko AkarSita karake svayaM ke pAsa khIMca letA hai isI prakAra,vRhat AkAzIya piNDa bhI apanI kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke mAdhyama se anya AkAzIya piNDoM ko apane pAsa khIMca letA aura samasta AkAzIya piNDa eka hI vizAlakAya AkAzIya piNDa bana jaataa| yadi vRhat AkAzIya piNDa kSudra AkAzIya piNDa ko apanI kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke dvArA AkarSita karake apane catuHpArza meM paribhramaNa karAtA, taba kSudra AkAzIya piNDa kA gati patha golAkRti honA cAhie thA, kyoMki kendrAkarSaNa zakti samasta dizA meM samAna hai, kintu vijJAna kI apekSA samasta AkAzIya piNDa kA gati patha dIrghavRttAkAra hai| pucchalatArA kA gati patha atyanta dIrghavRttAkAra hai| vRhat AkAzIya piNDa choTe AkAzIya piNDa ko AkarSita karatA hai, kintu choTe AkAzIya piNDa dUra apazaraNa hone ke kAraNa vRhat AkAzIya piNDa ke pAsa nahIM Ate haiN| anya AkAzIya piNDa ke AkarSaNoM ke kAraNa usa piNDa ko eka sthAna meM sthira hokara rahanA cAhiye thaa| kiMtu vaha paribhramaNa kyoM evaM kaisA karatA hai ? pRthvI AkAra meM geMda ke samAna gola hai evaM yaha ghUmatI hai| isa bhramapUrNa mAnyatA kA khaNDana AcArya vidyAnaMdI jI ne 'tattvArtha zlokavArtika' meM Adhunika vijJAna kI utpatti ke 245 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aneka zatAbdI pahale kiyA hai merU pradakSiNA nityagatayaH sviti nivednaat| naiva pradakSiNA teSAM kadAcitkISyate na c|| gatyabhAvoti cAniSTaM yathA bhUbhra vaadinH| bhuvobhramaNa nirNIti virhsyoppttitH|| sUrya, candra Adi jyotiSka devoM kA gamana kabhI-kabhI hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai arthAt sadaiva hotA rahatA hai| pRthvI ko ghUmatI huI aura jyotiSka devoM ke bhramaNa ko nahIM mAnane vAle matAntaroM kA kahanA aniSTa hai / vaha siddha nahIM hotA hai| nahi pratyakSato bhUme bhramaNanirNItarasti sthiratayai vaanubhvnaat| na cAyaM bhrAnta : sakaladezakAla pUrUSANAM tbhrmnnaaprtiite|| (zlokavArtika) pRthvI ghUmatI hai, aisA nirNaya pratyakSa se hotA nahIM hai, kintu pRthvI sthira hai, aisI hI pratIti sabhI logoM ko hotI hai| koI aisA hetu bhI nahIM hai, jisase pRthvI kA ghUmanA siddha ho ske| ukta jainAcArya ne yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki yadi pRthvI ko gola mAneMge to pUrvApara (pUrva-pazcima) samudra meM jAne vAlI nadiyoM kI kyA dazA hogii| ve nadiyA~ kisa dizA se kisa dizA meM gamana kareMgI? aisA nirNaya pRthvI ko gola mAnane para kaise ho sakegA? yadi pRthvI ke bhramaNa se dina-rAta evaM Rtu parivartana hotA hai evaM bhramaNazIla pRthvI ke jIvoM ko bhrAMti se anya AkAzIya piNDa bhramaNazIla dikhAI dete haiM, to bhI sama divA-rAtri evaM Rtu parivartana meM bAdhA AtI hai| yadi pRthvI svayaM ke akSa meM bhramaNa karane ke lie 23 ghaMTA 56 minaTa 4 sekaNDa letI hai, taba usakA bhramaNa eka minaTa meM 28 ki. mI. hotA hai| itanI bar3I pRthvI kA itanI tIvra gati se paribhramaNa karane para bhI, usameM kisI prakAra kA parivartana kyoM dikhAI nahIM detA hai ? itanI adhika gati ke kAraNa pRthvI meM atyaMta halana-calana honA cAhiye thaa| yadi pRthvI pazcima se pUrva dizA kI aura bhramaNa karatI hai taba vAyu ko usake viparIta dizA meM arthAt pUrva se pazcima kI ora sadA 246 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #260
bahanA cAhiye / pRthvI ke bhramaNa evaM paribhramaNa se jo parispandana hotA hai, usase bar3I-bar3I aTTAlikAoM ko khaNDa-khaNDa hokara gira jAnA cAhiye / yadi pRthvI golAkRti paribhramaNazIla hai taba pRthvI ke nIce bhAga meM sthita samudra kA pAnI uchalakara nIce giranA cAhiye, kintu uparokta ghaTanAe~ nahIM hotI haiN| isakA kAraNa vaijJAnika, pRthvI kA vizAla kAyatva evaM kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke kAraNa se nahIM hotA hai, aisA mAnate haiN| isI prakAra vijJAna jo mAnatA hai usako binA parIkSA se saba koI mAna lete haiM, kintu jo pratyakSa, siddha evaM avirodha siddhAnta hai usakI avahelanA karate haiN| yahA~ eka prazna hai ki yadi pRthvI golAkRti nahIM hai evaM paribhramaNa nahIM karatI hai taba prakRti meM jo parivartana hote haiM unameM kyA kisI bhI prakAra kI truTi hotI hai ? kyA isameM koI bAdhaka kAraNa hai ? vijJAna ke siddhAnta meM to aneka bAdhaka kAraNa hone para bhI usakA andhAnukaraNa karate haiM kintu vAstavika siddhAnta ko paramparAgata andhAnukaraNa mAnakara choDa haiN| bhU-bhramaNa ke kAraNa anya nakSatrAdi bhramaNazIla bhrama se mAlUma paDatA hai, aisA jo vijJAna mAnatA hai, vaha jagat mAyA svarUpa hai, isa siddhAnta ke samAna hai / kintu sUrya, candramA Adi jyotiSka vimAna gamana karate haiM kyoMki unakI eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna meM upalabdhi hotI haiN| ( vizva vijJAna rahasya ) (pR.saM. 166 ) kAla kA vyavahAra hone kA kAraNa tatkRta: kAlavibhAgaH / ( 14 ) Divisians of time (are) caused by these ( movements of the stellars.) una gamana karane vAle jyotiSiyoM ke dvArA kiyA huA kAlavibhAga hai / kAla do prakAra kA hai ( 1 ) mukhya kAla ( dravya kAla) (2) vyavahAra kAla / kAla dravya ko mukhya kAla kahate haiM / samaya, saikaNDa, ghar3I, ghaNTA, dina, rAta, varSa, utsarpiNI, avasarpiNI Adi ko vyavahAra kAla kahate haiM / yaha vyavahAra kAla sUrya, candra Adi jyotiSavimAna kI gati se tathA pudgala pariNamana se jAnA jAtA hai| sUrya, candra Adi kI gati manuSya loka meM arthAt aDhAI dvIpa meM hotI hai arthAt vyavahAra kAla vyakta rUpa evaM sthUla rUpa se yahA~ hI pAyA jAtA hai| anya kSetra meM jo vyavahAra kAla kA prayoga kiyA For Personal & Private Use Only 247

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jAtA hai vaha vyavahAra kAla yahA~ kI apekSA se hai| gommaTasAra meM kahA bhI vavahAro puNa kAlo, mANusakhettamhi jANIdavvo du| joisiyANaM cAre, vavahAro khalu samANo ti|| (577) (go:sA. jIvakANDa) parantu yaha vyavahAra kAla manuSyakSetra meM hI samajhanA cAhiye, kyoMki manuSya kSetra ke hI jyotiSI devoM ke vimAna gamana karate haiM aura inake gamana kA kAla tathA vyavahAra kAla donoM ke samAna haiN| jyotirgatipaticchinno mnussykssetrvrtysau| . yato na hI bahistasmAjjyotiSAM gatiriSyate // (49) (ta.sA;) jyotiSka devoMkI gati se vibhakta honevAlA yaha vyavahAra kAla manuSyakSetra meM hI hotA hai kyoMki usase bAhara jyotiSka devoM meM gati nahIM mAnI jAtI hai| manuSya loka ke bAhara jyotiSIdevoM kI sthiti bhirvsthitaaH| (15) (The stellars) outside the 2.5 dvipasi.e. beyond Manusottara mountain in the middle of Puskaravara dvipa are) fixed . (The never move .) manuSya loka ke bAhara jyotiSI deva sthira rahate haiN| manuSya loka saMbandhI DhAIdvIpa ke jyotiSka deva paribhramaNa karate haiN| mAnuSottara parvata se 50 hajAra yojana Age calakara sUrya, candra Adi jyotiSka valaya ke rUpa meM sthita haiM arthAt mAnuSottara se 50 hajAra yojana calakara jyotiSkoM kA pahalA valaya hai| isa valaya meM 144 candra evaM 144 sUrya haiN| isa valaya ke bAda eka-eka lAkha yojana jAkara dvitiyAdi valaya haiN| dvitiyAdi valaya meM prathamAdi valaya se 4-4 candra, sUrya kI saMkhyA jyAdA hai| pUrva dvIpa samudra ke Adi meM candra, sUrya kI saMkhyA dUnI hai| isI prakAra sUrya-candra kA avasthAna aMtima svayaMbhUramaNa samudra taka hai| eka dUsare kI kiraNeM nirantara paraspara milI huI hai| isI prakAra mAnuSottara parvata se lekara svayaMbhUramaNaparyanta asaMkhyAta jyotiSI 248 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vimAna avasthita haiM jo kabhI bhI paribhramaNa nahIM karate haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI ne "bahiravasthitA': sUtra meM isakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| prAtaHkAla sUrya pUrva dizA me udaya hotA hai evaM sAyaMkAla meM pazcima dizA meM asta hotA hai| rAtri meM bhI aneka jyotiSka dhruva nakSatroM ko chor3akara jo sAyaMkAla meM jisa sthAna meM dikhAI dete haiM, madhyarAtri meM evaM prAta: kAla meM unakA sthAna pazcima dizA kI ora hotA hai| isI prakAra pUrva dizA se pazcima dizA kI ora sthAna parivartana kA kAraNa kyA hai ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki 'merU pradikSaNA nityagatayo nRloke' arthAt jyotiSka deva meru kI pradakSiNA karate huye nitya bhramaNa karate haiN| evaM tatkRta : kAla vibhAga : ' arthAt inakI gati ke anusAra dina-rAtri Adi kAla vibhAga hotA hai / ( vizva vijJAna rahasya ) (pR.saM.166-167) vaimAnika devoM kA varNana vaimAnikA: / ( 16 ) Now we go on to the heavenly beings. cauthe nikArya ke deva vaimAnika haiN| jo vizeSata: apane meM rahanevAle jIvoM ko puNyAtmA mAnate haiM ve "vimAna" hai aura jo una vimAnoM meM hote haiM ve "vaimAnika" haiM / indraka, zreNibaddha hai aura puSpaprakIrNaka ke bheda se vimAna aneka prakAra ke haiM / unameM se indraka vimAna indra ke samAna madhya meM sthita hai| unake cAroM ora AkAza ke pradezoM meM paMkti ke samAna jo sthita hai ve zreNivimAna haiN| tathA bikhare hue phUloM ke samAna vidizAoM meM jo vimAna avasthita haiM ve puSpaprakIrNaka vimAna haiN| vaimAnika devoM ke bheda kalpopannAH kalpAtItAzca / ( 17 ) These are of 2 kinds : Kalpopanna born in the 16 heavens and with 10 grades. These alone have to 10 classes. Kalpatita, born beyond the 16 heavens. They have no grades or classes. They are called Anamindra - lit. I am Indra and are all alike. For Personal & Private Use Only 249

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ve do prakAra ke haiM kalpopapanna aura klpaatiit| indra Adi dasa prakAra kI kalpanAe~ jisameM pAyI jAye ve klpoppnn| jahA~ para indra, sAmAnika, trAyastriMza Adi dasa prakAra kI kalpanA hai - vaha kalpopapanna hai| yadyapi navagraiveyaka, nava anudiza, paJcAnuttara Adi meM nava Adi saMkhyAkRta kalpanA hai - parantu vahA~ para sabhI ahamindra hone se indra Adi kalpanA unameM nahIM hai - isalie ve kalpAtIta kahalAte haiN| kyoMki kalpAtIta vyavahAra meM indra Adi dasa prakAra kI kalpanA hI mukhya rUpa se vivakSita hai| kalpoM kA sthitikrama . upryupri| (18) The 16 heavens are situated i.e. pairs, one (pair) above the other (the graiveyakas, are also one above the other beyond the 16 heavens. ve Upara-Upara rahate haiN| ye kalpopanna aura kalpAtIta vaimAnika deva jyotiSa devoM ke samAna tirache rUpa se yA vyantaroM ke samAna viSama rUpa se nahIM rahate haiN| ve Upara-Upara rahate haiM jaise bahu maMjila imArata kI maMjila eka ke Upara eka rahatI hai| vaimAnika devoM ke rahane kA sthAna saudharmezAnasAnatkumAramAhendrabrahmabrahmottaralAntavakApiSThazukramahAzukrazatAra sahasrAreSvAnataprANatayorAraNAcyutayornavasupraiveyakeSu vijayavaijayantajayantAparAjiteSu sarvArthasiddhau c| (19) (They kalpavAsI live ) in : . 1. saudharma 2. IzAna 3. sAnatakumAra 4. mAhendra 5.brahma 6. brahmottara 7. lAntava 8. kApiSTha 9. zukra 10. mahAzukra 11. satAra 12. sahasrAra 13. Anata 14. prANata 15. AraNa 16. acyut| saudharma, IzAna, sAnatkumAra, mAhendra, brahma, brahmottara, lAntava, kApiSTha, zukra, mahAzukra, satAra, sahasrAra, Anata, prANata, AraNa, acyuta nau graiveyaka aura vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita tathA sarvArthasiddhi meM ve nivAsa karate haiN| 250 For Personal & Private Use Only

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saudharma Adi kalpa ke nAmakaraNa sAhacarya se yA svabhAva se indra ke nAma se bhI huA hai| jaise sudharmAsabhA jisa kalpa meM hai usa kalpa kA nAma saudharma kalpa hai| saudharma kalpa ke sAhacarya se indra bhI saudharma kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra Age bhI jAna lenA caahie| jo kucha vizeSatA hai use Age likha rahe haiM: ___ lokAkAza ko puruSAkAra mAnA hai| usa lokapuruSa kI grIvA ke sthAnIya hone se grIvA aura grIvA meM hone vAle graiveyaka vimAna haiM aura unakA sAhacarya hone se vahA~ ve indra bhI graiveyaka kahalAte haiN| ye navagraiveyaka eka ke Upara eka haiM, vyavasthita haiN| sudarzana, amogha, suprabuddha, yazodhara, subhadra, suvizAla, sumana, saumanasa aura priyaMkara ye inake nAma haiN| abhyudaya ke vighnoM ke kAraNoM ko jIta lene se vijayAdi kI bhI sArthaka saMjJA hai| sarva arthoM kI siddhi ho jAne se sarvArthasiddhi yaha bhI sArthaka nAma hai| arthAt vijaya vaijayanta jayanta aura aparAjita vAle do tIna bhava se adhika saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM kareMge, ye sabhI samyagdRSTi haiM ata: saMsAra para vijaya prApta kara lene se vA karmoM ke dvArA jIte nahIM jAne se inakA yaha nAma sArthaka hai| sarva arthoM kI siddhi ho gaI, isameM rahane vAle. deva eka bhava-avatArI hai, isaliye isakA nAma sarvArthasiddhi hai| inake sAhacarya se inake indroM kA nAma bhI vijayAdi hai| prazna - sarvArthasiddhi ko pRthak grahaNa kyoM kiyA? ina saba ke sAtha dvandva samAsa kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA? . uttara - sthiti Adi vizeSa kA jJAna karAne ke lie sarvArthasiddhi kA pRthak grahaNa kiyA hai| vijayAdi cAra vimAnoM meM jaghanya sthiti battIsa sAgara se kucha adhika hai aura utkRSTa taiMtIsa sAgaropama hai, parantu 'sarvArthasiddhi meM jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti (Ayu) taiMtIsa sAgaropama hai| ata: isa vizeSatA ko batAne ke lie vijayAdi se pRthak sarvArthasiddhi kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| kalpAtItva kA jJAna karAne ke lie graiveyakAdi kA pRthak grahaNa kiyA hai| saudharmAdi acyuta paryanta bAraha kalpa haiM, unase anya svarga kalpAtIta hai| 251 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #265
isa prakAra isakA jJAna karAne ke lie graiveyaka kA pRthak grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| "upari-upari" ke sAtha do-2 svarga kA sambandha hai| prathama saudharma aura aizAna svarga haiM, una donoM ke Upara sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra haiM,una donoM ke Upara brahmaloka aura brahmottara haiM, una donoM ke Upara lAntava aura kApiSTha haiM, una donoM ke Upara zukra, mahAzukra, una donoM ke Upara zatAra, sahastrAra, una dono ke Upara Anata, prANata aura ina dono ke Upara AraNa aura acyuta hai| __ mandara (sudarzana) merU kI cUlikA para Rju vimAna hai| merU parvata kI cUlikA (zikhara) aura RjuvimAna meM eka bAlAgra mAtra kA antara hai| vaimAnika devoM meM uttaroktara adhikatA sthitiprabhAvasukhadyutilezyA vizuddhIndriyAvadhiviSayato'dhikAH / (20) Age, power, enjoyment, brilliance, purity of lesya (paint and thought colour) sense-faculties, visual knowledge (all) these go on incresing (as we go from the lower to the highest heavens. sthiti, prabhAva, sukha, dyuti, lezyAvizuddhi, indriyaviSaya aura avadhiviSaya kI apekSA Upara-Upara ke deva adhika haiN| sthiti:- apane dvArA prApta huI Ayu ke udaya se usa bhava meM zarIra ke sAtha rahanA sthiti kahalAtI hai| prabhAva:- zApa aura anugraharUpa zakti ko prabhAva kahate haiN| sukha:- indriyoM ke viSayoM ke anubhava karane ko sukha kahate haiN| dyuti:- zarIra, vastra, aura AbhUSaNa Adi kI kAnti ko dyuti kahate haiN| lezyA:- kaSAya se sahita mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti ko lezyA kahate haiN| lezyA kI vizuddhi lezyAvizuddhi kahalAtI hai| indriyaviSaya aura avadhiviSaya:- indriya aura avadhijJAna kA viSaya indriyaviSaya aura avadhiviSaya kahalAtA hai| ___inase yA inakI apekSA ve saba deva uttarottara adhika-adhika haiN| tAtparya 252 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai ki Upara-Upara pratyeka kalpa meM aura pratyeka prastAra meM vaimAnika deva sthiti Adi kI apekSA adhika-adhika haiN| vaimAnika devoM meM uttarottarahInatA gatizarIraparigrahAbhimAnato hiinaaH| (21) Moving from place to place, height of body attachment to world by objects, pride these (go on) decreasing (as we go up to the higher heavenes.) gati, zarIra, parigraha, aura abhimAna kI apekSA Upara-Upara ke deva hIna nIce-nIce ke deva se Upara-Upara ke devoM ke puNya adhika hone se nIce ke devoM se Upara ke deva kucha vizeSatA ko liye hote haiN| 20 nambara sUtra meM kucha vizeSatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai kucha vizeSatA kA varNana yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| ye vizeSatAe~ isa prakAra hai- eka deza se dUsare deza ke prApta karane kA jo sAdhana hai use gati kahate haiN| yahA~ zarIra se vaikriyika zarIra liyA hai yaha pahale kaha Aye haiN| lobha kaSAya ke udaya se viSayoM ke saMga ko parigraha kahate haiN| mAna kaSAya ke udaya se utpanna hue ahaMkAra ko abhimAna kahate haiN| ina gati Adi kI apekSA vaimAnika deva Upara-Upara hIna haiN| bhinna deza meM sthita viSayoM meM krIr3A viSayaka rati kA prakarSa nahIM pAyA jAtA isalie Upara-Upara gamana kama hai| saudharma aura aizAna svarga ke devoM kA zarIra sAta arani pramANa hai| sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra svarga ke devoM kA zarIra chaha arani pramANa hai| brahma, bahmottara, lAntava aura kApiSTa kalpa ke devoM kA zarIra pA~ca aratnipramANa hai| zukra, mahAzukra, zatAra aura sahasrAra kalpa ke devoM kA zarIra cAra aratnipramANa hai| Anata aura prANata kalpa ke devoM kA zarIra sAr3he tIna aranipramANa hai| AraNa aura acyuta kalpa ke devoM kA zarIra tIna aratnipramANa hai| adhograiveyaka meM ahamindroM kA zarIra r3hAI aranipramANa hai| madhyagraiveyaka meM ahamindroM kA zarIra do aratni pramANa hai| uparima graiveyaka meM aura anudizoM meM ahamindroM kA zarIra Der3ha aranipramANa 253 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| tathA pA~ca anuttara vimAnoM meM ahamindroM kA zarIra eka aratnipramANa hai / vimAnoM kI lambAI-caur3AI Adi rUpa parigraha Upara-Upara kama hai| alpa kaSAya hone se abhimAna bhI Upara-Upara kama hai| vaimAnika devoM meM lezyA kA varNana pItapadmazuklalezyA dvitrizeSeSu / ( 22 ) (There are) pIta, padma, zukla Lesya in 2, 3 (pairs and ) the remaining (heavens). do tIna kalpa yugaloM meM aura zeSa meM krama se pIta, vAle deva haiN| do svarga taka pIta lezyA, usake Age tIna kalpa taka padma lezyA, aura zeSa svarga meM zukla lezyA hotI hai| yathA padma aura saudharma aura aizAna svarga ke devoM meM pIta lezyA hotI hai| yaha madhyama hai / sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra svarga ke devoM meM pIta aura padma lezyA hotI hai / arthAt utkRSTa pIta lezyA hai aura jaghanya padma lezyA hai| zukla zyA brahma, brahmottara, lAntava aura kApiSTha ina cAra svargoM ke devoM ke padma zyA hai| (yaha madhyama padma lezyA hai) / zukra, mahAzukra, zatAra aura sahasrAra ina cAra svargoM ke devoM meM padma aura zuk lezyA hai| (prakRSTa padma aura jaghanya zuklalezyA hai) 254 Anata, prANata, AraNa, acyuta, navagraiveyaka aura nava anudizoM ke devoM zuklezyA hotI hai| aura anuttara vijaya vaijayanta jayanta aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi meM parama zuklalezyA hotI hai| kalpa saMjJA kahA~ taka hai ? prAggraiveyakebhyaH kalpA: / ( 23 ) (The heavens) before (we reach). The graiveyakas (are called) Aripas. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #268
graiveyakoM se pahale taka kalpa hai| saudharma svarga se lekara graiveyaka ke pahale-pahale taka indra, sAmAnika Adi ke bheda hone ke kAraNa use kalpa kahate haiM parantu graiveyaka se lekara sarvArthasiddhi taka indrAdi ke bheda nahIM hone ke kAraNa kalpAtIta hai| laukantika deva brahmalokAlayA laukaantikaaH| (24) (Having) Brahma-loka (as) abode (are) Laukantikas. The Laukantikas heavenly beings live in the highest parts of the 5th heaven, called Brahmaloka. laukAntika devoM kA brahmaloka nivAsa sthAna haiN| __Akara ke usameM jo lIna hote haiM- vaha Alaya kahalAtA hai| jisameM prANI Akara lIna hote haiM, use Alaya evaM nivAsa kahate haiN| brahmaloka jinakA Alaya hai ve brahmalokAlayA kahalAte hai| 'brahmaloka' sAmAnya pada hone para bhI pA~caveM svarga ke nivAsI sabhI laukAntika nahIM hote kyoMki brahmaloka kA anta lokAnta aura usameM rahane vAle laukAntika hote haiN| isa laukAntika kA phalitArtha brahmaloka ke anta meM rahane vAle laukAntika haiN| athavA janma jarA maraNa se vyApta loka (saMsAra) hai, usa loka kA anta karanA jinakA prayojana hai ve lokAntika haiN| . ve laukAntika nikaTa saMsArI hai| vahA~ se cyuta hokara garbhavAsa (mAnava bhava) prApta kara niyama se mokSa cale jAte haiN| .. laukAntika devoM ke nAma sArasvatAdityavahRyaruNagardatoyatuSitAvyAvAdhAriSTAzca / (25) (These Laukantikas are of the following & classes:) sArasvat, Aditya, vahni, arUNa, gardatoya, tuSita, avyAbAdha aura ariSTa ye laukAntika deva haiN| * 255 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #269
ye lokAntika deva paMcama brahmasvarga ke anta meM nivAsa karate haiN| ina devoM ke puNya samAna hone se inameM hInAdhikatA nahIM pAI jAtI haiM isalie ye svataMtra rUpa meM rahate haiN| viSaya rati se rahita hone ke kAraNa devaRSi haiN| dUsare deva inakI arcA karate haiN| caudaha pUrvo ke jJAtA haiM aura vairAgya kalyANaka ke samaya tIrthaMkara ko saMbodhana karane meM tatpara haiN| anudiza tathA anuttaravAsI devoM meM avatAra kA niyama vijayAdiSu dvicrmaa|(26) In the 4anuttara heavensi.e.Vijaya,etc.i.e.Vijayanta, Jayanta, Aparajita and the 9 3751&et those heavenly are born who shall attaih liberation at the most ofter having incarnated as a human beings twice. vijayAdika meM do caramavAle deva hote haiN| vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura nau anudizoM ke deva do caramavAle hote haiN| deha kA caramapanA manuSya bhava kI apekSA liyA hai| jisake do carama bhava hote haiM ve dvicarama kahalAte haiN| jo vijayAdika se cyuta hokara aura samyaktva ko na chor3akara manuSyoM meM utpanna hote haiM aura sayaMma kI ArAdhanA kara punaH manuSya bhava ko prApta karake siddha hote haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ manuSya bhava kI apekSA dvicaramapanA hai| tiryaJca kauna hai? aupapAdikamanuSyebhyaH shessaastirygyonyH| (27) Other than those born by instantaneous rise (i.e. hellish and celestial beings and human beings, and sub human beings i.e. Triyancha. upapAda janma vAle aura manuSyoM ke sivA zeSa saba jIva tiryaMcayoni vAle sampUrNa saMsArI jIvoM ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| yathA (1) deva, (2) nArakI, (3) manuSya, (4) tiryNc| 256 For Personal & Private Use Only

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deva evaM nArakI upapAda janma vAle hote haiN| upapAda janma vAloM ke sAtha manuSya milAne para tIna gati ke jIva ho jAte haiN| ina tInoM gati ke atirikta jo baca jAte haiM ve tiryaMca gati ke jIva hote haiN| ekendriya se lekara gAya, bhaiMsa Adi paMcendriya jIva taka tiryaMca hI hai| do indriya se lekara paMcendriya tiryaMca taka ke jo trasa jIva haiM ve kevala trasa nAlI meM rahate haiM parantu sUkSma ekendriya jIva sampUrNa loka meM rahate haiN| isalie tiryaMca kA nivAsa sampUrNa loka hai| tiryaMca kI paribhASA gommaTTasAra meM nimna prakAra kI gaI hai tiriyaMti kuDila bhAvaM, suviulasaNNA nnigitttthimnnnnaannaa| accaMtapAvabahulA, tamhA tericchayA bhnniyaa||(148) jinameM kuTilatA kI pradhAnatA ho, kyoMki prAyaH karake saba hI tiryaMca jo unake mana meM hotA hai usako vacana ke dvArA vyakta nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki unake usa prakAra kI vacana zakti hI nahIM hai aura jo vacana se kahate haiM usako kAya se nahIM krte| tathA jinakI AhArAdi saMjJA prakaTa ho, aura zruta kA abhyAsa tathA zubhopayogAdi ke na kara sakane se jinameM atyanta ajJAnatA pAI jAya tathA manuSya kI taraha mahAvratAdika ko dhAraNa na kara sakane aura samyagdarzana kI vizuddhi Adi ke na ho sakane se jinameM atyanta pApa kA bAhulya pAyA jAya unako tiryaMca kahate haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki nirUkti ke anusAra tiryaMga gati kA artha mAyA kI pradhAnatA ko batAyA hai| yathA- "tira:- tiryagbhAvaM- kuTilapariNAmaM aJcanti iti tiryNc":| mAyApradhAna pariNAmoM se saMcita karma ke udaya se yaha gati(paryAya) prApta hotI hai| yahA~ para jo paryAyAzrita bhAva huA karate haiM ve bhI mukhyatayA kuTilatA ko hI sUcita karate haiN| unakI bhASA avyakta hone se ve apane manobhAvoM ko vyakta karane meM asamartha rahA karate haiN| prAya: maithunasaMjJA Adi manuSyoM kI taraha unakI gUr3ha nahIM huA krtii| manuSyoM ke samAna inameM viveka-heyopAdeya kA bhedajJAna, zrutAbhyAsa, zubhopayoga Adi bhI nahIM pAyA jaataa| prabhAva, sukha, dyuti, lezyA Adi kI apekSA se bhI ve manuSyoM se nikRSTa haiN| mahAvratAdi guNoM ko ve dhAraNa nahIM kara skte| isa gati meM jinakA pramANa sabase adhika hai una ekendriya jIvoM meM tathA asaMjJi paMcendriya paryaMta trasa jIvoM 257 For Personal & Private Use Only

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meM bhI jisase samyagdarzana prApta ho sakatA hai aisI vizuddhi nahIM pAI jaatii| ataeva yaha paryAya atyanta pApa bahula hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki, jisake hone para ye bhAva huA karate yA pAye jAte hai jIva kI usa dravya paryAya ko hI tiryagati kahate haiN| manuSyoM kI apekSA yaha nikRSTa paryAya hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| bhavanavAsI devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu kA varNana sthitirasuranAgasuparNadvIpazeSANAM sAgaropamatripalyopamArddhahInamitA:(28) The (maximum) age of: asura Asura, measures 1 Sagara sAgara nAgA Naga, measures - 3 palya palya suparNa Suparna measures 1/2 less (i.e. 21/2) . 21/2 palya palya dvIpa Dvipa, measures 2 palya palya And of the other (6 classes 11/2 1/2 palya asurakumAra, nAgakumAra, suparNakumAra, dvIpakumAra aura zeSa bhavanavAsiyoM kI utkRSTa sthiti krama se eka sAgara, tIna palya, DhAI palya, do palya aura Der3ha palya pramANa haiN| yahA~ 'sAgaropama Adi zabda ke sAtha asura kumAra Adi zabdoM kA krama se sambandha jAna lenA caahie| yaha utkRSTa sthiti hai| vaha utkRSTa sthiti isa prakAra hai- asuroM kI sthiti eka sAgara hai| nAgakumAroM kI utkRSTa sthiti tIna palya hai| suparNoM kI utkRSTa sthiti DhAI palya hai| dvIpoM kI utkRSTa sthiti do palya hai| aura zeSa chaha kumAroM kI utkRSTa sthiti Der3ha palya hai| vaimAnika devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu saudharmezAnayoH saagropme'dhike| (29) In the Saudharma and Isana (i.e.1st and 2nd heavens, the maimum age is) a little over 2 Sagaras. saudharma aura aizAna kalpa meM do sAgara se kucha adhika utkRSTa sthiti 258 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #272
"sAgarapame" yaha dvi vacana hai arthAt do sAga, grahaNa karanA caahie| adhika kA adhikAra 12 veM svarga sahasrAra taka 3 12 veM svarga taka usa-usa svarga kI utkRSTa Ayu se kucha Ayu adhika hotI hai| sAdhAraNata: saudharma aizAna svarga meM utkRSTa Ayu 2 sAgara kI hai| parantu ghAtAyuSka samyakdRSTi ke 2 sAgara se kucha adhika arthAt AdhA sAgara Ayu adhika hotI hai| jaba koI manuSya yA tiryaMca samyagdarzana sahita zubha pariNAma se dAnAdi puNya kriyAyeM karake Upara ke svarga kI Ayu ko bAMdhatA hai pIche saMkleza pariNAma se yukta ho jAtA hai taba Upara ke svarga kI Ayu ghaTa jAtI hai tathA nicale varga meM janma letA hai| aise jIva kI Ayu usa svarga kI sAmAna utkRSTa Ayu se kucha adhika hotI hai| jaise koI jIva sAnatkumAra mAhendra svarga kI utkRSTa sAta sAgara kI Ayu bAMdhA punaH saMkleza pariNAma se marakara saudharma yA aizAna svarga meM janma liyA taba usakI Ayu usa svarga ke devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu 2 sAgara se atamuhUrta kama AdhA sAgara adhika hogii| kramazaH Age ke svargoM meM Ayu sAnatkumAra mAhendrayoH spt| (30) In the.Sanatkumar mahendra (i.e. 3rd and 4th heavens, the maximum age is little over) 7 Sagaras. sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra kalpa meM sAta sAgara se kucha adhika utkRSTa sthiti hai| . adhikAra se sAgara aura adhika kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| sAgara aura adhika pada kA anuvartana pUrva sUtra se ho jAtA hai| isase yaha artha hotA hai ki sAnatkumAra mAhendra svarga ke devoM kI utkRSTa sthiti sAta sAgara se kucha adhika hai| brahmaloka se acyuta paryaMta sthiti trisaptanavaikAdazatrayodazapaJcadazabhiradhikAni tu|(31) And 3,7,9,11,13 and 15 added to 17 Sagaras make up the maximum age of others. brahma, brahmottara, yugala se lekara pratyeka yugala meM AraNa acyuta taka krama 259 For Personal & Private Use Only

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se adhika tIna se adhika sAta sAgaropama, sAdhika sAta se adhika sAta sAgaropama, sAdhika nau se adhika sAta sAgaropama, sAdhika gyAraha se adhika sAta sAgaropama, teraha se adhika sAta sAgaropama aura pandraha se adhika sAta sAgaropama utkRSTa sthiti haiN| 'tu' zabda kA artha hai ki pUrva sUtra meM kathita 'adhike' zabda kA sambandha cAra yugala (12veM svarga, sahasrAra) ke sAtha karanA caahie| usake Age ke svargoM meM Ayu sAgaroM se kucha adhika nahIM hai| yathA - brahma, brahmottara svarga me devoM kI Ayu kucha adhika dasa sAgara, lAntava aura kApiSTa svarga meM kucha adhika caudaha sAgara, zukra-mahAzukra svarga meM kucha adhika solaha sAgara, zatAra sahasrAra meM kucha adhika aThAraha sAgara, Anata-prANata meM bIsa sAgara aura AraNa-acyuta svarga meM bAvIsa sAgara kI utkRSTa sthiti hai| kalpAtIta devoM kI Ayu AraNAcyutAdUrdhvamekaikena navasu graiveyakeSu vijayAdiSu sarvArthasiddhau c| (32) Above Arana and Achyuta in the 9 Graiveyakas (it is) more and more by one sagara (i.e. it is 23-31 sagaras respectively.) In the 9 Anudisas, (it is 32 sagaras and ) in Vijaya, itc. (in the 5 Anuttaras it is 33 sagarags. But) in (the last Anuttara i.e. ) Sarvarthasiddthi, (it is never less than 33 sagaras .) AraNa acyuta ke Upara nau graiveyaka meM se pratyeka meM nau anudiza meM cAra vijayAdika meM eka-eka sAgara adhika utkRSTa sthiti haiN| tathA savArthasiddhi meM pUrI taiMtIsa sAgara sthiti haiN| pUrva sUtra se adhika pada' kI anuvRtti hotI hai, isalie yahA~ isa prakAra sambandha karanA cAhie ki eka-eka sAgara adhika hai| pratyeka graiveyaka meM eka-eka sAgara adhika utkRSTa sthiti hai isa bAta kA jJAna karAne ke lie 'nava' pada kA alaga se grahaNa kiyA hai| yadi aisA na karate to saba graiveyaka meM eka sAgara adhika sthiti hI prApta hotii| 'vijayAdiSu' For Personal & Private Use Only

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meM Adi zabda prakAra vAcI hai jisase anudizoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM jaghanya.Ayu nahIM hai yaha batalAne ke lie sarvArthasiddhi' pada kA alaga se grahaNa kiyA hai| isase yaha artha prApta huA ki, adhograiveyaka meM se prathama meM teisa sAgara, dUsare meM caubIsa sAgara aura tIsare meM paccIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| madhyama graiveyaka meM se prathama meM chabbIsa sAgara, dUsare meM sattAIsa sAgara aura tIsare meM aTThAIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| uparima graiveyaka meM se pahale meM unatIsa sAgara, dUsare meM tIsa sAgara, tIsare meM ikatIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai| anudiza vimAnoM meM battIsa sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai aura sarvArthasiddhi meM taiMtIsa sAgara hI sthiti hai| yahA~ utkRSTa aura jaghanya kA bheda nahIM hai| svargoM meM jaghanya Ayu kA varNana aparA plyopmdhikm| (33) (In the Saudharma and Isana the) minimum (age is) a little over one palya. saudharma aura aizAna kalpa meM jaghanya sthiti sAdhika eka palya hai| yahA~ para 'aparA' zabda se jaghanya sthiti lI gaI hai| saudharma aura aizAna kalpoM .. ke devoM kI jaghanya sthiti kucha adhika eka palya hai| agrima sUtra ke anusAra jAnA jAtA hai jo pUrva-pUrva devoM kI utkRSTa sthiti hai vaha agale-agale devoM kI jaghanya sthiti hai isase jAnA jAtA hai ki saudharma aura aizAna svarga ke devoM kI sthiti sAdhika eka palya hai| utkRSTa evaM jaghanya Ayu ke niyama ___ parata: parata : puurvaapuurvaa'nntraaH|(34) . Further (and) further (on) the former (or maximum age becomes the minimum age for the next. Age-Age pUrva-pUrva kI utkRSTa sthiti anantara-anantara kI jaghanya sthiti 'adhika' pada kI yahA~ anuvRtti hotI hai| isalie isa prakAra sambandha karanA cAhie ki saudharma aura aizAna kalpa meM jo sAdhika do sAgara utkRSTa sthiti 261 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kahI hai usameM eka samaya milA dene para sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra kalpa meM jaghanya sthiti hotI hai| sAnatkumAra aura mAhendra meM jo sAdhika sAta sAgara utkRSTa sthiti kahI haiM usameM eka samaya milA dene para brahma aura brahmottara meM jaghanya sthiti hotI hai| isI prakAra Age bhI jAna lenA caahie| nArakiyoM kI jaghanya Ayu kA varNana nArakANAM ca dvitiiyaadissu|(35) The same rule applies to the ages of hellish beings i,e. the maximum age of 1st is the minimum of the 2nd and so on. dUsarI Adi bhUmiyoM meM nArakiyoM kI pUrva-pUrva kI utkRSTa sthiti hI anantara-anantara kI jaghanya sthiti hai| sUtra meM 'ca' zabda kA prayoga pUrva sUtra meM kathita krama ke sambandha ke lie hai| isa 'ca' zabda se "parata : parata : pUrvA-pUrvAnantarA!" ityAdi sUcita krama kA sambandha ho jAtA hai| isakA yaha artha hai ki, ratnaprabhA nAmaka nAraka . meM nArakiyoM kI jo eka sAgara pramANa utkRSTa sthiti hai vahI zarkarA prabhA meM nArakiyoM kI jaghanya sthiti eka sAgaropama pramANa hai| jo zarkarAprabhA kI utkRSTa sthiti tIna sAgara se kucha adhika hai, vahI sthiti bAlukAprabhA nAmaka tIsare naraka meM jaghanya hai; bAlukAprabhA kI utkRSTa sthiti jo sAta sAgara hai vahI paMkaprabhA kI jaghanya sthiti sAta sAgara hai| paMkaprabhA kI jo 10 sAgara kI utkRSTa sthiti hai vahI dhUmaprabhA kI jaghanya sthiti hai| dhUmaprabhA. kI jo 17 sAgara hai vahI tama:-prabhA kI jaghanya sthiti hai| tama :prabhA kI jo 22 sAgara utkRSTa sthiti hai vahI mahAtamaprabhA kI jaghanya sthiti hai| prAthamika svAdhyAya rata janoM ke liye sarala karane ke liye sAtoM pRthviyoM kI jaghanya evaM utkRSTa Ayu yahA~ de rahe haiN| (1) ratnaprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 1 sAgara, jaghanya 10 hajAra varSa hai| (2) zarkarAprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 3 sAgara, jaghanya / sAgara hai| (3) bAlukAprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 7 sAgara, jaghanya 3 sAgara hai| (4) paGkaprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 10 sAgara, jaghanya 7 sAgara hai| (5) dhUmaprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 17 sAgara, jaghanya 10 sAgAne 262 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Varieties of substances Non-living - aparma saMsArI Mundana soul AkAza Space mukta Liberated soul (liba) Matter Medium of rest Time Medium of mation loka Universe aloka Non Universe Atom Malecule Real time vyavahAra Apparent time asa Mobile Immobile dIndriya Two sensed zrIndriya Threc sensed caturindriya Four sensed paMceniya Five sensed pRthvI Earthbodied bala tejo (mami) Water bodied. Fire bodied Air-bodied banaspati Vagetable bodied For Personal & Private Use Only sainI asanI Irrational Rational naraka Hellish souls tiryaca Sub human Human souls Celestial souls gouls Arya 1. ratnAbhA gata |.jlcr 2. zarkarAtrabhA gata 2. thalacara 3. bAlukAprabhA gata 3. nabhacara Rddhi prApta anAdi prAmatra mleda karma mleva 4. paMkaprabhA gata 5. dhUmaprabhA gata 6. tamaHprabhA gata 7. mahAtamaHprabhA gata kSetrArya jAtyArya tapa bala auSadhi rasa akINa cAritrArya darzanArya

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(6) tama: prabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 22 sAgara, jaghanya Ayu 17 sAgara hai| ( 7 ) mahAtamaprabhA kI utkRSTa Ayu 33 sAgara, jaghanya Ayu 22 sAgara hai| prathama naraka kI jaghanya Ayu dazavarSasahasrANi prathamAyAm / (36) The minimum age of beings in the first hell is 10,000 years. prathama bhUmi meM dasa hajAra varSa jaghanya sthiti hai| bhavana vAsiyoM kI jaghanya Ayu bhavaneSu ca / ( 37 ) The minimum age of Residentials are is also the same i, e. 10,000 years. bhanavavAsiyoM meM bhI dasa hajAra varSa jaghanya sthiti haiN| vyantaroM kI jaghanya Ayu vyantarANAM ca / (38) The same for Peripatetics. i.e. minimum is 10,000 years. vyantaroM kI dasa hajAra varSa jaghanya sthiti hai / vyantaroM kI utkRSTa Ayu parA palyopamamadhikam / (39) The maximum age for Peripatetics is a little over one palya. aura utkRSTa sthiti sAdhika eka palya hai| jyotiSI devoM kI utkRSTa Ayu jyotiSkANAm ca / (40) jyotiSka devoM kI bhI utkRSTa Ayu kucha adhika eka palya kI hai| The stellars also have a maximum of a little over one palya. jyotiSka devoM kI jaghanya Ayu tadaSTabhAgo'parA / (41) For Personal & Private Use Only 263

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The minimum (for the stellars) is 1/8 of that (i.e. a palya.) jyotiSiyoM kI jaghanya sthiti utkRSTa sthiti kA AThavA~ bhAga hai| sUrya deva kI utkRSTa sthiti eka hajAra varSa adhika eka palya pramANa hai| zukra kI utkRSTa sthiti sau varSa adhika eka palya pramANa hai| bRhaspati kI utkRSTa sthiti pUrNa palya (eka palya) pramANa hai, adhika nhiiN| budha soma aura maMgala kI utkRSTa sthiti ardha palya pramANa hai| nakSatroM (kRtikA, azvinI Adi) kI utkRSTa sthiti Adhe palya pramANa hai| tArAgaNoM kI utkRSTa Ayu eka palya ke caturtha bhAga pramANa hai| tArA aura nakSatroM kI jaghanya sthiti palya ke AThaveM bhAga pramANa hai| zeSa sUrya, candramA, soma, maMgala, budha, bRhaspati, zukra aura zani inakI jaghanya Ayu palya ke caturtha bhAga pramANa jAnanI caahie| - laukAntika devoM kI Ayu laukAntikAnAmaSTau sAgaropamANi srvessaam| (42) (The age) of the Laukantikas (is) 8 Sagaras, (it is the same) for all. saba laukAntikoM kI sthitI ATha sAgara hai| abhyAsa prazna 1. sAmAnyata: devoM ke kitane bheda haiM ? 2. cAra prakAra devoM ke sAmAnya bheda kitane haiM? . 3. kisa-kisa svarga ke devoM ke sukha kisa prakAra haiM? 4. jyotiSka devoM kA savistAra varNana karo? . 5. ar3hAI dvIpastha jyotiSka deva kisakI pradikSaNA dete haiM ? 6. dina-rAta Adi kAla vibhAga kisake kAraNa hotA hai ? 7. kahA~ ke jyotiSI deva gati nahIM karate haiM ? 8. vaimAnika devoM kA savistAra varNana karo? 9. nIce-nIce ke devoM se Upara-Upara ke devoM kI kyA vizeSatA hai ? 10. laukAntika devoM kA vizeSa varNana karo? / 11. tiryaMca kise kahate haiM, usakI paribhASA likhoM? 12. devoM kI utkRSTa evaM jaghanya Ayu kA varNana karo? . 264 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya-5 __ajIvatattva kA varNana ajIvakAyA dhrmaadhrmaakaashpudglaaH| (1) The Substances of the universe may be divided into two chief categories: Living and Non-Living; or Soul and Non-Soul. The Non-Living-Continuum comprises : Dharma - Medium of Motion for Soul and Matter, Adharma - Medium of rest for Soul and matter, Akasa - Space Pudgala - Matter and Energy, and Kala - Time dharma, adharma, AkAza aura pudgala ye ajIvakAya haiN| samyagdarzana ke kAraNabhUta arthAt zraddheya (zraddhA karane yogya) dravyoM meM se jIva dravya kA varNana prathama adhyAya se caturtha adhyAya taka savistAra se kiyA gayA hai| isa adhyAya meM ajIva dravyoM kA varNana sUtrabaddha sAragarbhita vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se kiyA gayA hai| svajIva dravya ko jAnane ke liye para ajIva dravya kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai kyoMki jaba taka sva evaM para kA jJAna nahIM hogA taba taka sva kA grahaNa evaM para kA tyAga nahIM ho sktaa| chahaDhAlA meM kahA hai-"bina jAne te doSa guNana ko, kaise tajiye ghiye|" anAdi kAla se jIva evaM ajIva (pudgala karma paramANu) kA saMzleSa sambaMdha huA hai jisake kAraNa jIva, pudgala se prabhAvita hokara mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna, mithyAcAstri rUpa meM pariNata hokara sva-para jJAna ke bheda se rahita hokara sva dravya ko para dravya evaM para dravya ko sva dravya mAna baiThA hai| isake kAraNa bhI bIva anAdikAla se bhramaNa karatA huA ananta duHkha ko bhoga rahA hai| isalie sva dravya ko jAnane ke liye para dravya ko jAnanA anivArya hai| sva.dravya ko jAnakara, svadravya ko anya dravya se alaga karanA mokSamArga kA, mokSa prApti kA pradhAna evaM prathama kAraNa hai| 265 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaise vaijJAnika prayogazAlA meM aneka tattva se mile hue mizraNa ko vaijJAnika praNAlI se pRthak karate haiM vaise AdhyAtmika prayogazAlA meM jIva evam ajIva rUpa mizraNa se sva dravya ko alaga karanA hai| jaise bhautika mizraNa ko alaga karane ke lie usa maulika bhautika tattva kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai jisase hama pRthak kara sakate haiM vaise hI vItarAga rUpI prayogazAlA meM jIva ke sAtha ajIva dravya kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai| yahI jainAgama kA sArabhUta evaM satya-tathya hai| pUjyapAda svAmI ne iSTopadeza meM kahA bhI hai : jIvo'nyaH pudagalazcAnya ityasau tttvsNgrhH| yadanyaducyate kiMcit, so'stu tasyaiva vistrH||(50) 'jIva judA hai, pudgala judA hai' basa itanA hI tattva ke kathana kA sAra hai, isImeM saba kucha A gayA hai| isake sivAya jo kucha bhI kahA jAtA hai, vaha saba isI kA vistAra hai| isa sUtra meM ajIva dravyoM kA varNana hote hue bhI kAla dravya kA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA haiM kyoMki yahA~ bahupradezI (kAyavAna) dravyoM kA varNana hone ke kAraNa kAla ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki kAla dravya eka pradezI hone ke kAraNa anastikAya hai| dravyasaMgraha meM kahA bhI hai : evaM chanbheyamidaM jIvAjIvappabhedado davvaM / uttaM kAlavijuttaM NAyavvA paMca atthikAyA du||(23) isa prakAra eka jIva dravya aura pA~ca ajIva dravya aise chaH prakAra ke dravya kA nirUpaNa kiyaa| ina chahoM dravyoM meM se eka kAla ke binA zeSa pA~ca astikAya jAnane caahiye| saMti jado teNede atthItti bhaNaMti jiNavarA jmhaa| kAyA iva bahudesA tamhA kAyA ya asthikAyA y||(24) pUrvokta jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma tathA AkAza ye pA~coM dravya vidyamAna haiM isaliye jinezvara inako 'asti' (hai) aisA kahate haiM aura ye kAyake samAna 266 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bahupradezoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM isaliye inako 'kAya' kahate haiN| asti tathA kAya donoM ko milAne se ye pA~coM 'astikAya' hote haiN| -hoMti asaMkhA jIve dhammAdhamme anaMta AyAse / mutte tiviha padesA kAlassego Na teNa so kAo / / (25) jIva, dharma tathA adharma dravya meM asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM aura AkAza meM ananta pradeza haiN| mUrtta (pudgala) meM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta tathA ananta pradeza haiM aura kAla ke eka hI pradeza hai isaliye kAla kAya nahIM hai| uparokta varNana se siddha hotA hai ki vizva meM, jIva tattva yA kevala ajIva tattva hI nahIM hai, parantu jIva tattva ke sAtha-sAtha ajIva tattvabhI hai| isaliye vizva ko kevala zUnya svarUpa yA kevala brahmasvarUpa, kevala bhautikasvarUpa mAnanA satya tathya se rahita hai| dravyoM kI gaNanA dravyANi / (2) Dharma Adharma, Akasa, and pudgala are the Dravyas. ve dharma, adharma, AkAza aura pudgala dravya haiN| isa sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki prathama sUtra meM jo dharma, adharma, AkAza aura pudgala kA varNana kiyA hai ve kevala guNa athavA kevala paryAya hI nahIM balki guNa, paryAyoM kA samUha svarUpa hai| 'dravya' zabda meM 'du' dhAtu hai| jisakA artha prApta karanA hotA hai| isase dravya zabda kA vyutpattirUpa artha isa prakAra huA hai ki jo yathAyogya apanI-apanI paryAyoM ke dvArA prApta hote haiM yA paryAyoM ko prApta hote haiM ve dravya kahalAte hai| sva (upAdAna) aura para (nimitta ) pratyayoM ( kAraNoM) se hone vAle utpAda aura vyaya rUpa paryAyoM ko jo prApta hote haiM vA paryAyoM ke dvArA jo prApta kiye jAte haiM ve dravya kahalAte haiN| sva aura para kAraNoM se utpAda aura vyaya jinameM hotA hai veM paryAya kahalAte haiM aura jisameM ye hotI haiM, ve dravya haiN| dravya, kSetra, For Personal & Private Use Only 267

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kAla aura bhAva rUpa bAhya kAraNa 'para pratyaya' kahalAte haiM tathA apanI svAbhAvika zakti sva pratyaya hai| bAhya kAraNoM ke rahane para bhI yadi dravya meM svayaM usa paryAya kI yogyatA na ho to vaha paryAyAntara ko prApta nahIM ho sakatA / ataH sva pratyaya hI samartha (mukhya) kAraNa hai| sva aura para donoM kAraNa milakara hI padArthoM ke utpAda aura vyaya meM kAraNa hote haiN| eka ke bhI ( nimitta yA upAdAna) abhAva meM utpAda vyaya nahIM ho skte| jaise-pakane yogya ur3ada yadi bore meM par3A huA hai to bhI pAka nahIM ho sakatA aura yadi ghoTaka (nahIM pakane yogya) ur3ada baTaloI meM ubalate hue pAnI meM bhI DAlA jAe to bhI vaha nahIM paka sktaa| ataH ubhaya (nimitta upAdAna) hetukaM utpAda vyaya haiM; una utpAda vyaya rUpa svakIya paryAyoM ke dvArA jo prApta kiyA jAtA hai vA svayaM paryAyoM ko jo prApta hotA hai usako dravya kahate haiN| yadyapi utpAda-vyaya rUpa paryAyeM dravya se abhinna haiM, tathApi bhedanaya ke vaza se kartR aura karma meM bhedavivakSA karake 'dravati gacchati' yaha nirdeza kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki svajAti kA tyAga na karake avasthita tathA anvaya rUpa se svarUpa vAle padArthoM kA bAra-bAra utpAda aura vigama (vyaya) hone ke kAraNa bheda utpanna hotA hai| jIvAzca / ( 3 ) Souls are also included in the category of substances. jIva bhI dravya hai / isa adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM cAra ajIva astikAya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare sUtra meM batAyA ki, ye cAroM dravya haiN| puna: isa sUtra meM batAyA gayA ki jIva bhI dravya hai tathA dravya ke sAtha astikAya dravya bhI hai| sUtra meM jo bahuvacana ( jIvA :) diyA gayA hai| vaha jIva ke bheda-prabhedoM kA sUcaka svarUpa hai / 'ca' zabda dravya saMjJA ke khIMcane ke liye diyA gayA hai| jisase 'jIva bhI dravya hai' yaha artha phalita ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra ye pA~ca Age kahe jAne vAle kAla ke sAtha chaha dravya hote haiN| koI-koI dArzanika evam vaijJAnika yaha mAnate haiM ki yaha jIva evaM pRthak dravya nahIM hai| kucha mAnate haiM ki rasAyanika mizraNa rasAyanika parivarta 268 For Personal & Private Use Only

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se jIva ko sRSTi huI hai- jaise DArvina Adi vaijJAnika aura cArvAka Adi daarshnik| cArvAka kA mata hai pRthvI jala, agni, vAyu evaM AkAza ke samizraNa se jIva kI sRSTi hotI hai| jaise- cAvala, guDa Adi ke mizraNa se madya meM mAdakatA kI sRSTi hotI hai| parantu uparokta dhAraNA kapola kalpita evaM satya-tathya se rahita hai kyoMki jIva amUrtika, cetana dravya hone se mUrtika acetana dravyoM se usakI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai| jIva dravya kA varNana pravacana sAra meM kuMda-kuMda deva ne nimna prakAra se kiyA hai| davvaM jIvamajIvaM jIvo puNa cednnovogmo| poggaladavvappamuhaM acedaNaM havadi ya ajiivN||(127)|| dravya jIva aura ajIva aise do bheda rUpa hai aura usameM cetana aura upayogamayI jIva hai aura pudgala Adika acetana dravya ajIva haiN| pANehiM caduhiM jIvadijIvissadijohi jIvido puvvN| so jIvo pANA puNa poggaladavvehiM nnivvttaa||(147)| jo cAra prANoM se jItA hai, jIvegA, aura pahale jItA thA, vaha jIva hai aura prANa pudgala dravyoM se niSpanna hai| bhAvA jIvAdIyA jIvaguNA cedaNA ya uvogo| suraNaraNArayatiriyA jIvassa ya pajjayA bhugaa||(16) __ (paM.kA) jIvAdi ke "bhAva" hai| jIva ke guNa cetanA tathA upayoga haiM aura jIva kI paryAyeM deva-manuSya-nAraka-tiryaJcarUpa aneka haiN| * jIvo tti havadi cedA uvaogavisesido pahU kttaa| bhottA ya dehamatto Na hi mutto kmmsNjutto||(27)|| AtmA jIva hai, cetayitA hai, upayogalakSita hai, prabhu hai, kartA hai, bhoktA hai, deha pramANa hai, amUrta hai aura karmasaMyukta hai| 269 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pANehiM caduhiM jIvadi jIvissadi jo hujIvido puvvN| so jIvo pANA puNa valamiMdiyamAu ussaaso||(30)|| jo cAra prANoM se jItA hai, jiyegA, aura pUrvakAla meM jItA thA vaha jIva hai, aura vaha prANa indriya, bala, Ayu tathA zvAsocchvAsa hai| jIvA aNAiNihaNA saMtANaMtA ya jiivbhaavaado| sabbhAvado aNaMtA paMcaggaguNappadhANA y||(53)|| jIva (pAriNAmika bhAva se) anAdi anaMta haiM, (aupazamika Adi tIna bhAvoM se) sAMta (arthAt sAdi-sAMta) haiM aura jIva bhAva se anaMta hai| (arthAt jIva sadbhAvarUpa kSAyika bhAva se sAdi anaMta hai) kyoMki sadbhAva se jIva anaMta hI hote haiN| ve pA~ca mukhya guNoM se pradhAnatA vAle haiN| evaM sado viNAso asado jIvassa hoI uppaado| idi jiNavarehiM bhaNidaM aNNoNNavirudhdamaviruddhaM // (54) isa prakAra jIva ke sat kA vinAza aura asat kA utpAda hotA haiaisA jinavaroM ne kahA hai, jo ki anyonya virUddha hai tathApi avirUddha hai| jANadi passadi savvaM icchadi sukkhaM bibhedi dukkhaado| kuvvadi hidamahidaM vA bhuMjadi jIvo phalaM tesiN||(122) jIva saba jAnatA hai aura dekhatA hai, sukha kI icchA karatA hai, duHkha se DaratA hai, hita ahita ko karatA hai aura unake (zubha-azubha bhAva ke) phala ko bhogatA hai| purUSArtha siddhayupAya meM bhI AcArya amRtacaMdra sUri ne kahA hai asti puruSazcidAtmA vivarjita: sprshgNdhrsvrnnaiH| guNaparyayasamaveta: samAhitaH smudyvyydhrauvyaiH||(9) sparza-rasa-gaMdha-varNa se rahita (viyukta) guNa-paryAyoM se ,viziSTa utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se sahita (saMyukta) caitanyamaya AtmA puruSa hai| 270 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dravyoM kI vizeSatA nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / (4) dharmAdIni kAlaH, jIvAzca dravyANi nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / The Six Substances Jiva, Ajiva, Dharma, Adharma, Akasa, and Kala are permanent in their nature, fixed in number as the sole constituents of the universe and (with the exception of pudgala Dravya) are all without form, i.e., they are devoid of the characteristics of Matter, viz. touch, taste, smell and colour. ukta dravya nitya hai, avasthita aura arUpI hai| dharma, adharma, AkAza, evaM jIva dravya nitya ( zAzvatika, avinAzI, dhruva) avasthita (apanI saMkhyA evaM pradeza ko nahIM tyAgane vAlA) evaM arUpI hai| nitya - vastu ke svabhAva kA nAza nahIM honA hI 'nityatva' hai| jisa bhAva se padArtha upalakSita hai usakA usI rUpa se rahanA nitya hai / isa dravya ke bhAva kA nAza nahIM honA hI nityatva hai, dharmAdi dravya jina-jina gatihetutva, sthitihetutva, avagAhanahetutva, vartanAhetutva, Adi vizeSa lakSaNoM se tathA astittva Adi sAmAnya lakSaNa se yukta hai una una svabhAvoM kA dravyArthika naya kI apekSA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| isI tadbhAvAvyaya ko nitya kahate hai| 2. avasthita - ye dravya iyattA (saMkhyA) kA ullaMghana nahIM karate ataH * avasthita haiN| yeM dharma, adharma Adi chahoM dravya kabhI apanI chaha saMkhyA kA ullaMghana nahIM karate / (chaha saMkhyA ko nahIM chor3ate), na to kabhI sAta hote haiM aura na kabhI pA~ca, ataH avasthita haiN| athavA dharma, adharma, lokAkAza aura eka jIva meM tulya asaMkhyAta pradeza haiN| alokAkAza ke ananta aura pudgala meM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza batAye gaye haiM, unameM nyUnAdhikatA nahIM hotI, vaise hI avasthita rahate haiM isalie avasthita kahe jAte haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 271

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3. arUpI- 'arUpa' pada kA grahaNa dravya ke svatattva kA jJAna karAne ke lie hai| 'arUpa' pada, rUpa aura sparza, rasa, gaMdhAdi kA niSedha karake dharmAdika kA jo 'amUrtattva' svabhAva hai, usakI sUcanA karatA hai| nahIM hai rUpa jisake vaha arUpa kahalAtA hai| rUpa ke niSedha se rUpa ke avinAbhAvI rasa, gandha, sparzAdi kA bhI niSedha jAnanA caahie| arUpI kA artha amUrtika hai arthAt dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura jIva amUrtika haiN| pudgala dravya arUpI nahIM hai rUpiNaH pudglaaH| (5) Matter is Rupi, in other words, it has got touch, taste, smell and colour. pudgala rUpI hai| caturtha nambara sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki, ukta dravya nitya, avasthita evaM arUpI hai| parantu prazna upasthita hotA hai kyA pudgala arUpI hai ? isake uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki pudgala arUpI dravya nahIM kintu rUpI hai| yahA~ rUpI zabda se kevala rUpa kA grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai kintu rUpa ke avinAbhAvI sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, tathA gola, trikoNa, caukora, lambA, cauDA, Adi AkAra ko bhI grahaNa karanA caahie| _ 'pudgalA': yaha bahuvacana pudgala ke vibhinna bheda prabhedoM ko sUcita karatA hai| ata: paramANu aura vibhinna skandhoM kA grahaNa karanA caahie| vartamAna bhautika vijJAna evaM rAsAyanika vijJAna meM jo kucha varNana hai vaha saba pudgala se hI sambandhita hai| pudgala (Matter) bhautika dravya kA varNana jitanA vaijJAnika aura vyApaka DhaMga se jaina dharma meM pAyA jAtA hai itanA kisI bhAratIya aura vaidezika darzana meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| tathApi isakA varNana bhAratIya dArzanika kaNAda tathA grIka dArzanika DemokreTis Adi ne thor3A bahuta varNana kiyA hai| Adhunika vaijJAnika DAlTana radara phorDa, Adi ne isakA vizeSa zodha-bodha kiyA hai| kunda-kunda deva ne paMcAstikAya meM pudgala kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai 272 For Personal & Private Use Only

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AgAsakAlaz2IvA dhammAdhammA ya muttiparihINA / muttaM puggaladavvaM jIvo khalu cedaNo tesu // (97) (pR.253) sparza, rasa-gaMdha-varNa kA sadbhAva jisakA svabhAva hai vaha mUrta hai, sparza-rasa-gaMdha varNa kA abhAva jisakA svabhAva hai vaha amUrta hai| caitanya kA sadbhAva jisakA svabhAva hai vaha cetana hai, caitanya kA abhAva jisakA svabhAva hai vaha acetana hai| vahA~, AkAza amUrta hai, kAla amUrta hai, jIva svarUpa se amUrta hai, para-rUpa meM praveza dvArA (mUrta dravya ke saMyoga kI apekSA se ) mUrta bhI hai, dharma amUrta hai, adharma amUrta hai, pudgala hI eka mUrta hai| AkAza acetana hai, kAla acetana hai, dharma acetana hai, pudgala acetana hai, jIva hI eka cetana hai| je 'khalu indriyagejjhA bisayA jIvehiM hoMti te muttA / saMbadi amuttaM 9 isa loka meM jIvoM dvArA sparzanendriya, rasanendriya, ghrANendriya aura cakSurindriya dvArA unake viSayabhUta sparza rasa gaMdha varNa svabhAva vAle padArtha grahaNa hote haiM aura zrotrendriya dvArA vahI padArtha usake (zrotrendriya) ke viSaya hetu bhUta zabdAkAra pariNamita hue grahaNa hote haiN| ve (padArtha), kadAcit sthUla skandhapane ko prApta hote hue, kadAcit sUkSmatva ko prApta hote hue aura kadAcit paramANupane ko prApta hote hue, indriyoM dvArA grahaNa hote hoM yA na hote hoM, indriyoM dvArA grahaNa hone kI yogyatA kA (sadaiva ) sadbhAva hone se mUrta kahalAte haiN| 11(99) sparza - -rasa-gaMdha-varNa kA abhAva jisakA svabhAva hai aisA zeSa anya samasta ` padArtha samUha, indriyoM dvArA grahaNa hone kI yogyatA ke abhAva ke kAraNa 'amUrta' kahalAtA hai| dravyoM ke svabheda kI gaNanA A- AkAzadekadravyANi / ( 6 ) A-AkAzAt ekadravyANi bhavanti / Dravyas enumerated there up to Akasa (i.e. Dharma, Adharma, and For Personal & Private Use Only 273

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Akasa) are one continuum each i.e., Indivisible wholes. AkAza taka eka-eka dravya hai| isa adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM varNita dharma, adharma, AkAza evaM pudgala meM se AkAza paryanta arthAt dharma, adharma aura AkAza eka-eka dravya hai| dharma dravya lokAkAza vyApI hote hue bhI asaMkhyAta pradezI eka hI dravya hai| isI prakAra adharma dravya bhI lokAkAza vyApI asaMkhyAta pradeza vAlA eka akhaNDa dravya hai| loka-alokavyApI AkAza asaMkhyAta pradeza vAlA eka akhaMDa dravya hai| gati, sthiti Adi pariNAmavAle vividha jIva-pudgaloM kI gati Adi meM nimitta hone se bhAva kI apekSA, pradeza bheda se kSetra kI apekSA tathA kAla bheda se kAla kI apekSA dharma aura adharmadravya meM anekatva hone para bhI dharmAdi dravya, dravya kI apekSA akhaNDa eka eka hI dravya haiN| avagAhya aneka dravyoM kI aneka prakAra kI avagAhanA ke nimitta se bhAva kI apekSA AkAza meM anantatA hone para bhI dravya kI apekSA AkAza eka hI hai| jIva aura pudgala kI taraha dharma, adharma aura AkAza aneka nahIM hai aura na jIva evaM pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza kI taraha eka haiN| yadi jIva aura pudgala ko dharma, adharma aura AkAza ke samAna eka-eka dravya mAnA jAegA to pratyakSa dRSTigocara hone vAle kriyA kAraka kA aura iSTa anumAna siddha saMsAra-mokSa kI kriyA ke vistAra kA virodha aayegaa| arthAt akhaNDa eka dravya ke na to kriyA kAraka kA bheda hogA arthAt sabakI kriyA eka sI hogii| yaha caTAI para baiThA hai, vRkSa se patte gira rahe haiM, ityAdi bheda nahIM hogA aura na saMsAra aura mokSa kI kriyA kA vistAra hogaa| (rA.vA.pR. 48) jIvA aNaMtasaMkhANaMtaguNA puggalA hu datto du| dhammatiyaM ekkekkaM, logapadesappamA kaalo|| (588 go.jI.pR.266) jIva dravya ananta haiN| usase anante guNe pudgala dravya haiN| dharma adharma AkAza ye eka-eka dravya haiM, kyoMki ye pratyeka akhaNDa eka-eka haiN| tathA lokAkAza ke jitane pradeza haiM utane hI kAla dravya haiN| 274 For Personal & Private Use Only

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niSkriyANi c| A-AkAzAt niSkriNa ca bhvnti| Dharma, Adharma, Akasa, these three are not capable of moving from one place to another. tathA niSkriya hai| dharma, adharma aura AkAza dravya niSkriya haiN| aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga nimitta se utpanna hone vAlI jo paryAya dravya ke eka kSetra se, dUsare kSetra meM prApta karAne kA kAraNa hai vaha 'kriyA' kahalAtI hai aura jo isa prakAra kI kriyA se rahita hai vaha 'niSkriya' kahalAte haiN| arthAt ina tInoM dravya ke pradeza anAdi kAla se jahA~ para the abhI bhI vahA~ hai aura ananta bhaviSyat meM bhI vahIM raheMge unase kisI prakAra sthAnAntaraNa nahIM hogaa| gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM kahA bhI hai savvamarUvI davvaM, avaTThidaM acaliA padesA vi| rUvI jIvA caliyA, tiviyappA hoMti hu pdesaa||(592) (pR.267) sampUrNa arUpI dravya avasthita haiN| jahA~ sthita haiM vahA~ hI sadA sthita rahate haiM, tathA inake pradeza bhI calAyamAna nahIM hote| kintu rUpI (saMsArI) jIva dravya cala haiM, sadA eka hI sthAna para nahIM rahA karate tathA inake pradeza * bhI tIna prakAra ke hote hai| ___ dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura mukta jIva ye apane sthAna se kabhI calAyamAna nahIM hote tathA eka sthAna para hI rahate hue bhI inake pradeza bhI tIna prakAra ke hote haiN| cala bhI hote haiM, acala bhI hote haiM tathA calAcala bhI hote haiN| vigrahagativAle jIvoM ke pradeza cala hI hote haiN| aura zeSa jIvoM ke pradeza calAcala hote haiN| ATha madhya pradeza acala hote haiM aura zeSa pradeza calita haiN| mukta jIva ke sarva pradeza acala hote haiN| 275 For Personal & Private Use Only

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poggaladavvamhi aNU, saMkhejjAdI havaMti calidA hu| carimamahakkhaMdhammi ya, calAcalA hoti hu pdesaa||(593) pudgala dravya meM paramANu tathA saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta Adi aNu ke jitane skandha haiM ve sabhI cala haiM, kintu eka antima mahAskandha calAcala hai, kyoMki usameM koI bhAga cala hai aura koI bhAga acala hai| dravyoM ke svapradezoM kI gaNanA asaMkhyeyA: pradezA dharmAdharmeka jiivaanaam| (8) dharma-adharma-ekajIvAnAmasaMkhyeyA: pradezA bhvnti| There are countless space-points in the medium of motion, medium of rest and in each individual soul. dharma adharma aura eka jIva ke aMsakhyAta pradeza haiN| dharma, adharma aura jIva svatantra-svatantra rUpa se eka-eka akhaNDa dravya hote hue bhI unake pradeza asaMkhyAta-asaMkhyAta haiN| dharma dravya ke asaMkhyAta, adharma dravya ke asaMkhyAta aura eka jIva ke bhI asaMkhyAta pradeza haiN| ____ saMkhyA ko jo gaNanA atikrAnta kara liyA hai use asaMkhyAta kahate haiM arthAt jo ginatI kI sImA ko pAra kara gaye haiM athavA jo kisI sAmAnya asarvajJa ke dvArA gine nahIM jAte haiM unako asaMkhyAta kahate haiN| yahA~ sarvaprathama jAna lenA cAhie pradeza kise kahate haiM kyoMki yahA~ pradeza gaNanA ke lie ikAI hai| pradeza kI paribhASA nimna prakAra kI hai "jAvadiyaM AyAsaM avibhAgI puggalANuvaTThadhdaM taM khu padesaM" jitanA AkAza avibhAgI pudgala paramANu se rokA jAtA hai usako pradeza kahate haiN| rAjavArtika meM kahA hai "pradizyante pratipAdyanta iti prdeshaaH|" / jo kSetra ke parimANa ko batAte haiM use pradeza kahate haiN| "dravyaparamANuH sa yAvati kSetre'vatiSThate sa pradeza iti vyvhriyte"| 276 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dravya paramANu jitane kSetra meM rahatA hai usako pradeza kahate hai| kundakuMda deva ne pravacana sAra meM kahA bhI hai jadha te NabhappadesA tadhappadesA havaMti sesaannN| apadeso paramANU teNa padesubbhavo bhnnido||(137) jisa prakAra AkAza ke pradeza haiM usI prakAra zeSa dravyoM ke pradeza haiN| isa prakAra pradeza ke lakSaNa kI eka-prakAratA kahI jAtI hai| isIliye, ekANuvyApya (jo eka paramANu se vyApya ho aise) aMza ke dvArA gine jAne para jaise AkAza ke ananta aMza hone AkAza ananta pradezI jIva ke asaMkhyAta aMza hone se ve pratyeka asaMkhyAta pradezI haiN| jaise (saMkoca-vistAra-rahita hone kI apekSA) avasthita pramANa vAle dharma tathA adharma asaMkhyAta pradezI haiN| usI prakAra saMkoca vistAra ke kAraNa (saMkoca-vistAra hone kI apekSA) anavasthita pramANa vAle jIva ke sUkhe gIle camar3e kI bhAMti-nija aMzoM kA alpabahutva nahIM hotA (saMkhyA meM pradezoM kI hAni-vRddhi nahIM hotI) isalie asaMkhyAta pradezitva hI dharma, adharma aura eka jIva tulya asaMkhyAta pradezI haiN| unameM dharma aura adharma dravya niSkriya haiM aura loka ko vyApta karake sthita haiN| jIva asaMkhyAta pradezI hone para bhI saMkoca vistAra zIla hone se karma ke anusAra prApta choTe yA bar3e zarIra meM tatpramANa hokara rahatA hai| jaba samudghAta kAla meM isakI lokapUraNa avasthA hotI hai, taba isake madhyavartI ATha pradeza sumerU parvata ke nIce citra aura vajrapaTala ke madhya ke ATha pradezoM para sthita ho jAte haiM aura zeSa pradeza Upara nIce tirache cAroM ora lokAkAza ko vyApta kara lete haiM arthAt sAre lokAkAza meM phaila jAte haiN| jaise AkAza akhaNDa, abheda hote hue bhI lokAkAza evaM alokAkAza rUpa se isake do bheda ho jAte haiN| lokAkAza ke bhI aneka bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiM jaise urdhva loka ke AkAza, madhya loka ke AkAza, adholoka ke AkAza isake bhI aneka bheda ho jAte haiN| jaise-vibhinna ghaTa, vibhinna pAtra ke aakaash| isI prakAra akhaNDa dravya meM bhI pradeza bheda ho jAtA hai| 27.7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aakaashsyaanntaa:| (9) AkAzasyAnantAH pradezAH snti| The number of Pradesas in space is infinite. AkAza ke ananta pradeza haiN| chahoM dravya meM sabase vizAlatama dravya AkAza hai| yaha dravya sarvavyApI hai| isake pradeza ananta haiN| jisakA anta (avasAna) nahIM hai usako anaMta kahate haiN| lokAkAza, AkAza kA eka bahuta choTA bhAga hai aura isake asaMkhyAta pradeza haiN| alokAkAza sampUrNa dizAoM meM ananta taka phailA huA hai| saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAzca pudglaanaam| (10) saMkhyeyA aMkhaMkhyeyAzca (anantA: anantAnantA:) pudgalAnAm pradezAH bhvnti| Matter consists of numerable, innumerable and intinite parts according as we consider the different molecular combinations. pudgaloM ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza haiN| mukhya rUpa se pudgala ke do bheda haiM (1) aNu (2) skNdh| aNu sarvadA eka pradezI hotA hai| parantu skaMdha saMkhyAt, asaMkhyAta evaM ananta pradezI bhI hotA hai| dravya saMgraha meM kahA bhI hai hoMti asaMkhA jIve dhammAdhamme aNaMta aayaase| mutte tiviha padesA kAlassego Na teNa so kaao||(25) jIva, dharma tathA adharma dravya meM asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM aura AkAza meM ananta haiN| mUrta (pudgala) meM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta tathA ananta pradeza haiM aura kAla ke eka hI pradeza hai| isaliye kAla kAya nahIM hai| yahA~ zaMkA honA svAbhAvika hai ki asaMkhyAta pradezI vAle lokAkAza meM anaMta pradeza vAle skaMdha kaise raha sakate haiN| isakA uttara yaha hai ki paramANu evaM skandha meM sUkSma pariNamana hone ke kAraNa tathA AkAza meM avagAhana zakti hone ke kAraNa anaMta pradeza vAle pudgala skandha AkAza meM raha sakate haiN| eka AkAza pradeza meM 278 For Personal & Private Use Only

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eka paramANu rahatA hai va ThaharatA hai va sthAna prApta karatA hai| usI AkAza pradeza meM skaMdha ko prApta hue tathA sUkSma pariNata do paramANu raha sakate haiN| isI prakAra eka hI AkAza pradeza meM tIna, cAra, dasa, bIsa, sau, hajAra, lAkha, karor3a, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, anaMtAnaMta paramANu raha sakate haiN| AkAza pradeza meM bhI isI prakAra avagAhana zakti hai jisake kAraNa uparokta skaMdha raha sakate hai| nANoH / (11) nANoH pradezA bhvnti| There are no numberable pradesas of an indivisible elementary particle of matter (an atom.) paramANu ke pradeza nahIM hote| __dasaveM sUtra meM kahA gayA ki pudgaloM ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura anaMta pradeza hote haiN| yaha sAmAnya kathana hai| parantu yahA~ para vizeSa kathana kiyA gayA hai ki aNu, pudgala hote hue bhI aNu ke pradeza nahIM hote haiN| pradeza nahIM hote isakA matalaba ye nahIM ki aNu pUrNa rUpa se pradeza se rahita hai| parantu paramANu eka pradeza mAtra hai tathA dvi Adi pradeza se rahita haiN| jaise rekhAgaNita meM bindu sattAvAna hote hue bhI usakI lambAI, caur3AI, moTAI nahIM hai; usI prakAra paramANu svayaM eka pradezI sattAvAna (astittvavAna) hote hue bhI isakI lambAI, caur3AI, moTAI nahIM hai| jisa prakAra eka AkAza pradeza meM bheda nahIM hone se vaha apradezI mAnA gayA hai usI prakAra aNu svayaM eka pradeza rUpa hai isalie usameM pradeza bheda nahIM hotaa| dUsare aNu se alpa pariNAma nahIM pAyA jaataa| aisI koI anya vastu nahIM jo paramANu se choTI ho jisase isake pradeza bheda ko prApta hoveN| isa paramANu ko kisI bhI katrima prakriyA se yA svayaM kisI prAkatika prakriyA se khaNDita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai athavA khaMDita nahIM hotA hai| eka zaktizAlI bama pahAr3a ko bhI vidhvaMsa kara sakatA hai| parantu aise kaI zaktizAlI bama bhI aNu ko khaNDita nahIM kara sakate haiN| yaha paramANu na agni se jalatA hai na pAnI se gIlA hotA hai na vAyu se ur3atA hai, na cakSu se dikhAI 279 For Personal & Private Use Only

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detA hai aura na hI sUkSmadarzI yaMtra se dikhAI detA hai| paramANu jaba maMda gati meM gamana karatA hai taba eka samaya meM eka pradeza gamana karatA hai aura jaba tIvra gati se gamana karatA hai, taba eka samaya meM caudaha rAjU gamana kara sakatA hai| madhyama gati meM aneka vikalpa haiN| aNu jaba gamana karatA hai taba usakI gati ko koI bhI vastu yA yaMtrAdi bhI nahIM roka sakatA hai| vijJAna jisako vartamAna meM aNu mAnatA hai vaha jaina sidhdAnta kI apekSA sthUla skaMdha hI hai, jisameM anaMtAnaMta paramANu mile hue haiN| vaijJAnika loga paramANu ko avibhAjya mAnate hue bhI unake dvArA mAnA huA paramANu puna: puna: aneka vibhAga meM vibhAjita hotA jA rahA hai| pahale nyUTraoNna, ilekTraoNna, proTaoNna ke samUha ko aNu mAnate the| parantu yaha bhI nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki spaSTa rUpa se ye tInoM alaga-alaga hai isakI lambAI bhI hai aura isakA vajana bhI hai| itanA hI nahIM Age jAkara vaha khaNDita bhI ho gayA aura usa khaNDita bhAga ko kvArka kahate haiN| yaha kvArka bhI aNu nahIM hai| yaha kvArka bhI aneka paramANu ke samUha se banA skandha hai| paramANu kA vizeSa varNana prAcIna jainAcAryoM ne nimna prakAra kiyA hai AdimadhyAntanirmuktaM nirvibhaagmtiindriym| mUrtamapyapradezaM ca paramANuM pracakSate // 32 // harivaMzapurANaparva, 7 jo Adi, madhya aura anta se rahita hai, nirvibhAga hai, atIMdriya hai aura mUrta hone para bhI apradeza-dvitIyAdika pradezoM se rahita hai use paramANu kahate haiN| ekadaikaM rasaM varNa gandhaM sprshaavbaadhko| dadhat sa vartate'bhedyaH zabdaheturazabdakaH // (33) vaha paramANu eka kAla meM eka rasa, eka varNa, eka gandha aura paraspara meM bAdhA nahIM karane vAle do sparzoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, abhedya hai, zabda kA kAraNa hai aura svayaM zabda se rahita hai| 280 For Personal & Private Use Only

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AzaGkayA nArthatattvajJairnabhoM'zAnAM smnttH| SaTkena yugapadyogAtparamANoH ssddNshtaa||(34) padArtha ke svarUpa ko jAnane vAle logoM ko aisI AzaMkA nahIM karanI cAhiye ki saba ora se eka samaya AkAza ke chaha aMzoM ke sAtha sambandha hone se paramANu meM SaDaMzatA hai| svalpAkAzaSaDaMzAzca paramANuzca sNhtaaH| saptAMzAH syuH kutastu syAtparamANoH ssddNshtaa||(35) kyoMki aisA mAnane para AkAza ke choTe-choTe chaha aMza aura eka paramANu saba milakara saptamAMza ho jAte haiN| aba paramANu meM SaDaMzatA kaise ho sakatI varNagandharasasparzaH pUraNaM galanaM ca yt| kurvanti skandhavattasmAt pudgalAH prmaannvH||(36) kyoMki paramANu rUpa, gandha, rasa aura sparza ke dvArA pUraNa tathA galana karate rahate haiM isalie skandha ke samAna paramANu pudgala dravya hai| samasta dravyoM ke rahane kA sthAna lokaakaashe'vgaahH| (12) dharmAdInAm dravyANAm lokAkAze avagAhaH These substances Dharma, Adharma, Jiva, Ajiva, etc. exist only in Lokakasa. ina dharmAdika dravyoM kA avagAha lokAkAza meM hai| AkAza eka sarvavyApI akhaNDa dravya hote hae bhI jisa AkAza pradeza meM jIva Adi dravya rahate haiM use lokAkAza kahate haiN| usako chor3akara anya avazeSa AkAza ko alokAkAza kahate haiN| dravya saMgraha meM kahA bhI hai 281 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhammA'dhammA kAlo puggala jIvA ya saMti jaavdiye| AyAse so logo tatto parado alogutto||(20) dharma, adharma, kAla, pudgala aura jIva ye pA~coM dravya jitane AkAza meM hai vaha to lokAkAza hai| usake Age alokAkAza hai| prazna- asaMkhyAta pradeza vAle lokAkAza meM anantAnaMta jIva haiM unase bhI anantaguNe pudgala haiN| lokAkAza ke pradezoM ke pramANa bhinna-bhinna kAlANu haiM tathA eka dharma aura eka adharmadravya hai ye saba kisa taraha isa lokAkAza meM avakAza pA lete haiM ? uttara- jaise eka koTharI meM aneka dIpoM kA prakAza va eka gUr3hanAga rasa ke guTake se bahuta-sA suvarNa va eka U~TanI ke dUdha ke bhare ghaTa meM madhu kA bharA ghaTa va eka tahakhAne meM jaya-jayakAra zabda va ghaMTA Adi kA zabda vizeSa avagAhanA guNa ke kAraNa avakAza pAte haiM vaise asaMkhyAta pradezI loka meM anantAnaMta jIvAdi bhI avakAza pA sakate haiN| ____dharma dravya, adharma dravya, kAla dravya tathA jIva dravya amUrtika dravya hone ke kAraNa usakI avagAhanA kI koI samasyA nahIM hai| zeSa rahA pudgala drvy| pudgala dravya meM bhI sUkSmatva pariNamana zakti hone ke kAraNa evaM AkAza meM avagAhana zakti hone ke kAraNa ananta pudgala dravya, asaMkhyAta pradeza vAle lokAkAza meM samAveza hokara raha jAte haiN| jaise eka agarabattI ko jalAne se usa agarabattI ke dhuMA se eka kamarA bhara jAtA hai| isa dhuMA ke paramANu (skaMdha) usa choTI sI agarabattI meM hI samAhita the| abhI Adhunika vijJAna se siddha huA ki kucha nakSatra meM aisI dhAtu hai jisakA mAcisa ke barAbara TukaDA kA vajana 60 se lekara 250 Tana taka ho sakatA hai| itanA adhika vajana hone kA kAraNa vahA~ ke paramANu kA baMdhana adhika ghanasvarUpa se huA hai| vaijJAnikoM ne yaha bhI siddha kiyA kI eka hAthI ko pUrNa rUpa se dabA diyA jAyegA taba vaha hAthI sUI ke cheda se nikala jaayegaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki usa meM maujUda samasta paramANu samUha eka hI AkAza pradeza meM athavA eka paramANu meM (eka paramANu ke AkAra) meM anaMtAnaMta baMdha vizeSa se baMdhakara ikaTThe ho 282 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jAte haiN| isalie eka AkAza pradeza meM eka se lekara tIna va saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta anaMta paramANu samAhita ho sakate haiN| jaba eka hI AkAza pradeza meM anaMta paramANu bhI raha sakate haiM to asaMkhyAta pradeza vAle lokAkAza meM anaMtAnaMta paramANu kyoM nahIM raha sakate ? arthAt raha sakate haiN| jIvApuggalakAyA dhammA dhammA ya logdonnnnnnaa| tatto aNaNNamaNNaM AyAsaM aMtavadirittaM // (91) (paMcAstikAya pR.246) anaMta jIva, anaMta pudgala skaMdha, aNu, dharma, adharmadravya aura asaMkhyAta kAladravya isa loka se bAhara nahIM haiN| isa lokAkAza se judA nahIM haiN| lokAkAza se bAhara zeSa AkAza aMtarahita-anaMta hai| AgAsaM avagAsaM gamaNadvidikAraNehiM dedi jdi| uTuMgadippadhANA siddhA ciTuMti kidha ttth||(92) jo mAtra avakAza kA hI hetu hai aisA jo AkAza usameM gati sthiti hetutva (bhI) hone kI zaMkA kI jAye to doSa AtA hai usakA yaha kathana yadi AkAza jisa prakAra vaha avagAhanA vAloM ko avagAha hetu hai usI prakAra, gati sthiti vAloM ko gati, sthiti hetu bhI ho, to sarvotkRSTa svAbhAvika urdhvagati se pariNata siddha bhagavanta, bahiraMga-aMtaraMga sAdhana rUpa sAmagrI hone para bhI kyoM (kisa kAraNa) usameM AkAza meM sthira hoN| siddha bhagavAn svabhAva se Upara ko gamana karate haiN| ve yadi AkAza ke hI nimitta-kAraNa se jAveM to ve anaMta AkAza meM jA sakate haiM, kyoMki AkAza loka se bAhara bhI hai| parantu ve bAhara nahIM jAte haiM kAraNa yahI hai ki vahA~ dharma dravya nahIM haiN| jahA~ taka dharma dravya hai vahIM taka gamana meM sahakArIpanA 283 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jamhA uvariTThANaM siddhANaM jiNavarehiM pnnnnttN| tahyA gamaNaTThANaM AyAse jANa Nasthitti // (93) kyoMki zrI jinendroM ne siddhoM kA loka ke agrabhAga meM tiSThanA kahA .. hai isaliye AkAza meM gamana aura sthiti meM sahakArIpanA nahIM hai aisA jaano| isI se hI jAnA jAtA hai ki, AkAza meM gati aura sthiti kA kAraNa patA nahIM hai, kintu dharma aura adharma hI gati aura sthiti kA kAraNa hai, yaha abhiprAya hai| jadi havadi gamaNahedU AgAsaM ThANakAraNaM tesiN| . ... pasajadi alogahANI logassa ya aNtprivuddddhii||(94) yadi AkAza gati va sthiti meM kAraNa ho to lokAkAza ke bAhara bhI AkAza kI sattA hai taba jIva aura pudgaloM kA gamana anaMta AkAza meM bhI ho jAve isase alokAkAza na rahe aura loka kI sImA bar3ha jAve lekina aisA nahIM hai| isI kAraNa se yaha siddha hai ki AkAza gati aura sthiti ke lie kAraNa nahIM hai| dhammAdhammAgAsA apudhabbhUdA smaannprimaannaa| pudhaguvaladdhavisesA kariti egattamaNNattaM // (96) vyavahAra se dharma, adharma va lokAkAza eka samAna asaMkhyAta pradeza ko rakhane vAle haiM isaliye inameM ekatA hai parantu nizcaya se ye tInoM apane-apane svabhAva meM hai, isase anekatA yA bhinnatA hai| jaise- yaha jIva pudgala Adi pAMca dravyoM ke sAtha va anya jIvoM ke sAtha eka kSetra meM avagAharUpa rahane se vyavahAra se ekapane ko batAtA hai, parantu nizcayanaya se bhinnapane ko pragaTa karatA hai, kyoMki yaha jIva eka samaya meM sarva padArthoM meM prApta ananta svabhAvoM ko prakAza karane vAle parama caitanya ke vilAsa rUpa apane jJAna guNa se zobhAyamAna hai| vaise hI dharma, adharma aura lokAkAza dravya eka kSetra meM avagAharUpa hone se abhinna hai tathA samAna pradezoM kA parimANa rakhate haiN| isaliye upacarita asadbhUta vyavahAranaya se paraspara ekatA karate haiM, parantu nizcaya naya se apane-apane gati sthiti va avagAha lakSaNa ko rakhane se nAnApanA yA bhinnapanA karate haiN| 284 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dharmAdharmayo: kRtsne| (13) dharmAdharmayo: kRtsne lokAkAze avagAho bhvti| The whole Universe or Loka is the place of Dharma and Adharma Dravyas. dharma aura adharma dravya kA avagAha samagra lokAkAza meM hai| lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAta pradeza hote haiN| usa sampUrNa lokAkAza ke pradeza meM dharma tathA adharma dravya ke pradeza vyApta hokara rahate haiM arthAt lokAkAza ke eka pradeza meM dharma dravya ke eka pradeza tathA adharma dravya ke eka pradeza rahate haiN| lokAkAza meM dharma dravya tathA adharma dravya kA avasthAna jaise caukI ke Upara pustaka hai usa prakAra nahIM hai| parantu jaise dUdha meM ghI, tila meM tela ; IMdhana meM agni rahatI hai usI prakAra dharma evaM adharma dravya ke pradeza lokAkAza ke sampUrNa pradeza meM vyApta rahate haiN| Adhunika vijJAna meM bhI mAnA gayA hai ki 'Ithara' tathA gurUtvAkarSaNa zakti AkAza meM vyApta hokara rahatI hai| isaliye niravazeSa vyApti kA pradarzana karAne ke liye sUtra meM 'kRtsna' vacana kA prayoga kiyA hai kyoMki dharma aura adharma dravya nirantara sAre lokAkAza meM vyApta hokara rahate haiN| prazna- dharma, adharma Adi ke pradeza paraspara avirodha rUpa se eka sthAna meM kaise rahate haiM? uttara- amUrttika hone se dharma, adharma aura AkAza ke pradezoM meM paraspara virodha nahIM hai| jaba mUrttimAn jala, bhasma, reta Adi padArtha binA virodha ke eka sthAna meM raha sakate haiM taba ina amUrtika dravyoM kI ekatra sthiti meM to kahanA hI kyA? arthAt- jaise pAnI se bhare hue ghaTa meM cInI-reta-bhasma, lohe ke kA~Te Adi praveza kara jAte haiM vaise hI paraspara virodharahita jIvAdi ananta padArtha lokAkAza meM raha jAte haiN| isaliye amUrtika hone se ina dharmAdi ke pradezoM kA paraspara eka sthAna meM rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai; aisA jAnanA caahie| . inakA anAdi sambandha pAriNAmika svarUpa hone se bhI koI virodha nahIM . hai| bheda, saMghAta, gati, pariNAma pUrvaka AdimAn sambandha vAle kisI sthUla 285 For Personal & Private Use Only

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skandhoM ke pradezoM me paraspara virodha ho bhI sakatA hai- arthAt bahuta se pradeza vAle padArtha thor3e sthAna meM nahIM raha sakate; parantu bheda-saMghAta vAle padArthoM ke samAna dharmAdi padArthoM kA AkAza pradezoM ke sAtha Adi sambandha nahIM hai. apitu inakA pAriNAmika sambandha hai ataH inameM paraspara pradezoM kA avirodha siddha hai arthAt amUrttika pUrvAparabhAvarahita anAdisambandhI dharmAdika kA parasparaM virodha nahIM hai / ekapradezAdiSu bhAjya: pudgalAnAm / ( 14 ) lokAkAze ekapradezAdiSu bhAjya: ekapradezasaMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAnantapradezAnAM pudgalAnAmavagAhaH / In one pradesa, i.e., in one unitary cell of space only one atom of matter will find place if it is in a free state but in an aggregate form any number of atoms can occupy one or more cells of space. pudgaloM kA avagAhana lokAkAza ke eka pradeza Adi meM vikalpa se hotA hai| eka paramANu AkAza ke jitane kSetra ko gheratA hai use eka pradeza kahate haiM arthAt eka AkAza pradeza meM svatantra rUpa meM eka paramANu rahatA hai| do paramANu yadi pRthak-pRthak rUpa meM rahate haiM to AkAza ke do pradeza meM rahate haiN| yadi do paramANu Apasa meM baMdha jAte haiM to AkAza ke eka pradeza meM unakA avagAha hotA hai| usI prakAra tIna paramANu yadi svataMtra - svataMtra rUpa meM rahate haiM to AkAza ke tIna pradeza meM rahate haiM parantu jaba paraspara baMdha jAte haiM to eka pradeza, do pradeza aura tIna pradeza meM bhI raha sakate haiN| isI prakAra baMdhavizeSa ke kAraNa saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradezI pudgala skandhoM kA lokAkAza ke eka, saMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta pradezoM meM avasthAna jAnanA cAhie / eka AkAza pradeza meM eka paramANu se lekara anaMtAnaMta paramANu samAveza hokara rahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki, pudgala ke pracaya vizeSa sUkSma pariNamana aura AkAza kI avagAhana zakti ke kAraNa hotA hai| eka koThe (kamare) meM avirodha rUpa se aneka prakAzoM kA avasthAna 286 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dekhA jAtA hai| jaise eka kamare meM bahuta se dIpakoM kA prakAza raha jAtA hai, na to usase kSetra vibhAga (bhinna-bhinna kSetra) hotA hai aura na eka pradeza meM rahane se una saba prakAzoM kA ekatva hotA hai arthAt unakI pRthak sattA naSTa nahIM hotI hai ; usI prakAra eka pradeza meM ananta skandha atisUkSma pariNamana ke kAraNa svabhAva meM sArya hue binA hI raha sakate haiN| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| athavA, dravya kA svabhAva tarkaNA ke yogya nahIM hai kyoMki dravyoM ke svabhAva pratiniyama hote haiN| unake svabhAva meM aisA ho, aisA na ho; aisA tarka nahIM cltaa| jaise agni kA svabhAva jalAne pakAne Adi kA hai aura tRNa Adi kA svabhAva jalane pakane Adi kA hai| inake svabhAva meM koI tarka nahIM calatA, usI prakAra pudgalAdi ke mUrtimAna dravya hone para bhI aneka skandhoM kA eka AkAza pradeza meM avagAhana svabhAva ke kAraNa avasthAna hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai arthAt eka pradeza meM aneka skandha raha sakate haiN| __ athavA ArSapraNIta Agama hone se sUkSma nigodiyA jIvoM ke avasthAna ke samAna eka pradeza meM aneka skandha raha jAte haiN| sarvajJa jJAna ke dvArA jisake artha kA sAra prakaTa kiyA gayA hai, gaNadharoM ne jisake vacanoM kA anusaraNa karake jisakI racanA kI hai arthAt aGgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai tathA ArAtIya (prAcIna) AcAryoM ke ziSyoM-pratiziSyoM ke prabandha se viccheda ke binA avicchinna rUpa se jisakI santAna-paramparA calI A rahI hai, una nirdoSa granthoM ko ArSa kahate haiN| una ArSa (RSipraNIta) granthoM meM likhA hai ki sArA loka-anantAnanta vividha prakAra ke bAdara evaM sUkSma pudgalakAya ke dvArA ThasA-Thasa bharA huA hai; aadi| ata: ArSa vAkyoM kI pramANatA se bhI ukta skandhoM kA ekAdi pradezoM meM avagAha jAnanA caahiye| jaise sarvajJapraNIta Agama ke anusAra eka nigoda zarIra meM sAdhAraNa AhAra, jIvana-maraNa aura zvAsocchavAsa hone se sAdhAraNa saMjJA vAle ananta nigodiyoM kA avasthAna batAyA hai, isaliye sAdhAraNa yaha anvartha saMjJA Agama pramANa se jAnI jAtI hai, usI prakAra Agama meM yaha bhI batAyA hai ki 'yaha sArA lokAkAza sarvata: anantAnanta vividha sUkSma aura bAdara pudgalakAyoM se ThasAThasa bharA huA hai|' ataH Agama pramANa se inakA 287 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bhI avasthAna samajhanA caahiye| tattvArthasAra meM kahA bhI hai lokAkAzasya tasyaikapradezAdIMstathA punH| pudgalA avagAhante iti sarvajJazAsanam // (25) adhyAya 3 pR.95 avgaahnsaamrthyaatsuukssmtvprinnaaminH| tiSThantyekapradeze'pi bahavo'pi hi pudgalAH // (26) ekaapvrke'nekprkaashsthitidrshnaat| na ca kSetravibhAgaH syAnna caikyamavagAhinAm // (27) alpedhikaraNe dravyaM mahIyo naavtisstthte| idaM na kSamate yuktiM duHzikSitakRtaM vcH||(28) alpakSetre sthitirdRSTA pracayasya vishesstH| pudgalAnAM bahUnAM hi karISapaTalAdiSu // (29) pudgala dravya lokAkAza ke eka pradeza se lekara samasta lokAkAza meM sthita haiM aisA sarvajJa bhagavAn kA kathana hai| dUsare pradezoM ke liye sthAna dene kI sAmarthya hone se sUkSma pariNamana karane vAle bahuta pudgala lokAkAza ke eka pradeza meM raha jAte haiN| eka ghara meM aneka dIpakoM ke prakAza kI sthiti dekhI jAtI hai, isaliye avagAhana karane vAle dravyoM kA kSetra judA-judA nahIM hotA aura na una dravyoM meM ekarUpatA AtI hai| "choTe adhikaraNa meM bahuta bar3A dravya nahIM raha sakatA" aisA ajJAnI janoM kA kahanA yukti ko prApta nahIM hai kyoMki choTe kSetra meM bhI sannivezakI vizeSatA se bahuta se pudgaloM kI sthiti dekhI jAtI hai| jaise gobara ke upalA Adi meM dhUma ke bahuta se pradezoM kI sthiti dekhI jAtI hai| asaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jiivaanaam| (15) lokAkAze asaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAmavagAho bhvti| The place of souls is in one or more of (these) innumerable parts. jIvoM kA avagAha lokAkAza ke aMsakhyAtaveM bhAga Adi meM hai| 288 For Personal & Private Use Only

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lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM usake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga karane para jo eka bhAga prApta hogA use aMsakhyAtavAM bhAga kahate haiN| usa asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM bhI asaMkhyAta pradeza hote haiM kyoMki asaMkhyAta ko asaMkhyAta meM bhAga karane para bhAgaphala bhI asaMkhyAta hI AtA hai; parantu bhAgaphala bhAjya se choTA hogaa| aise lokAkAza meM eka jIva raha sakatA hai| isakA spaSTIkaraNa isI prakAra hai: eka asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM eka jIva rahatA hai| isa prakAra do, tIna aura cAra Adi asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgoM ko lekara saba lokaparyanta eka jIva kA avagAha jAnanA caahie| kintu nAnA jIvoM kA avagAha saba loka meM hI hotA hai| ___ yadi loka ke eka asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM eka jIva rahatA hai to saMkhyA kI apekSA anantAnanta sazarIra jIvarAzi lokAkAza meM kaise raha sakatI haiM? samAdhAna-jIva do prakAra ke haiM sUkSma aura bAdara, ata: unakA lokAkAza meM avasthAna bana jAtA hai| jo bAdara jIva hai unakA zarIra to pratighAta sahita hotA hai| kintu jo sUkSma haiM ve yadyapi sazarIra haiM to bhI sUkSma hone ke kAraNa eka nigoda jIva AkAza ke jitane pradezoM ko avagAhana karatA hai utane meM sAdhAraNa zarIra vAle anantAnanta jIva raha jAte haiN| ve paraspara meM aura bAdaroM ke sAtha vyAghAta ko nahI prApta hote isalie lokAkAza meM anantAnanta jIvoM ke avagAha meM koI virodha nahIM aataa| logassa asaMkhejjadibhAgappahudiM tu savvalogo ti| appapadesavisappaNasaMhAre vAvar3o jiivo||(584) eka jIva apane pradezoM ke saMhAra visarpa kI apekSA loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara sampUrNa loka taka meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai| (gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa pR. 264) jIva pradezoM kA saMkoca vistAra svabhAva pradezasaMhAravisarpAbhyAm prdiipvt| (16) pradezasaMhAravisarpAbhyAM pradIpavat lokAkAze aMsakhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAmavagAho bhvti| 289 For Personal & Private Use Only

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By the contraction and expansion of the pradesas, the soul although it has a countless number of paradesas, occupies space like the light from a lamp. It can occupy the smallest possible body, viz., that of a bacterium or the biggest body of a Mahamaccha, with a length of 1,000 yojanas. kyoMki pradIpa ke samAna jIva ke pradezoM kA saMkoca aura vistAra hotA lokAkAza meM jitane pradeza hote haiM utane hI pradeza eka jIva dravya meM hote haiN| yahA~ prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki donoM ke pradeza samAna haiM to eka lokAkAza meM eka jIva raha sakatA hai, do, tIna, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta anaMta nhiiN| isa prazna kA uttara isa sUtra meM diyA gayA hai| kArmANa zarIra ke vaza se grahaNa kiye gaye sUkSma evaM bAdara zarIra ke anusAra anuvartana honA saMhAra aura visarpa hai| amUrta svabhAva vAlA bhI AtmA anAdi sambandha ke prati ekatva hone se kathaJcit mUrtatA ko dhAraNa kiye huye hai aura lokAkAza ke barAbara isake pradeza haiM phira bhI jaba yaha kArmANa zarIra ke kAraNa grahaNa kiye gaye sUkSma zarIra meM rahatA hai taba isake pradezoM kA zuSka carma ke samAna saMkocita hokara pradezoM kA saMhAra ho jAtA hai| jaba kArmANa zarIra ke kAraNa bAdara zarIra meM rahatA hai taba jala meM tela ke samAna pradezoM kA phailAva hokara visarpaNa ho jAtA hai| usa saMkoca-vistAra ke kAraNa pradIpa ke samAna loka ke asaMkhyeyAdi bhAgoM meM jIva rahatA hai| jaise-nirAvaraNa AkAza pradeza meM rakhe hue pradIpa kA AkAza bahudezavyApI hone para bhI sikorA, mAnikA aura kamare Adi AvaraNa ke kAraNa sikorA Adi parimANa vAlA ho jAtA hai arthAt nirAvaraNa AkAza pradeza meM bahuta dUra taka vyApta hokara rahane vAlA bhI dIpaka kA prakAza sikorA Adi AvaraNa meM saMkucita hokara jahA~ rakhA gayA hai, usI pramANa ho jAtA hai arthAt utane meM hI sImita ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra saMhAra aura visarpa svabhAva hone ke kAraNa dIpaka ke samAna AtmA ke bhI asaMkhyeya eka bhAgAdi meM parichinna vRtti jAnanI caahie| 290 For Personal & Private Use Only

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paJcAstikAya meM kunda kunda deva ne bhI kahA hai jaha paumarAyarayaNaM khitta khIre bhAsayadi khiirN| -- taha dehI dehattho sahamittaM pbhaasydi||(33) pR.123 jisa prakAra padmarAgaratna dUdha meM DAlA jAne para dUdha ko prakAzita karatA hai, usI prakAra dehI-deha meM rahatA huA svadeha pramANa prakAzita hotA hai| jisa prakAra padmarAgaratna dUdha meM DAlA jAne para apane se abhinna prabhAsamUha dvArA usa dUdha meM vyApta hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva anAdikAla se kaSAya dvArA malinatA ke kAraNa prApta zarIra meM rahatA huA svapradezoM dvArA usa zarIra meM vyApta hotA hai aura jisa prakAra agni ke saMyoga se usa dUdha meM uphAna Ane para usa padmarAgaratna ke prabhA samUha meM uphAna AtA hai| (arthAt vaha vistAra ko prApta hotA hai) aura dUdha baiTha jAne para prabhA samUha bhI baiTha jAtA hai, usI prakAra viziSTa AhArAdi ke vaza usa zarIra meM vRddhi hone para usa jIva ke pradeza vistRta hote haiM aura zarIra phira sUkha jAne para pradeza bhI saMkucita ho jAte haiN| puna: jisa prakAra vaha padmarAgaratna dUsare adhika dUdha meM vyApta hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva dasare bar3e zarIra meM sthiti ko prApta hone para svapradezoM ke vistAra dvArA usa bar3e zarIra meM vyApta hotA hai| aura jisa prakAra vaha padmarAgaratna dUsare kama dUdha meM DAlane para svaprabhAsamUha ke saMkoca dvArA usa thoDe dUdha meM vyApta hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva anya choTe zarIra meM sthiti ko prApta hone para svapradezoM ke saMkoca dvArA usa choTe zarIra meM vyApta hotA hai| __yahA~ yaha prazna hotA hai ki, amUrta jIva kA saMkoca vistAra kaise saMbhava hai? usakA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA hai amUrta ke saMkoca-vistAra kI siddhi to apane anubhava se hI sAdhya hai, kyoMki sabako svAnubhava se spaSTa hai ki jIva sthUla tathA kRza zarIra meM tathA bAlaka aura kumAra ke zarIra meM vyApta hotA hai| jIva ke jo pradeza moTe zarIra meM phaile hue the, ve hI zarIra ke patale ho jAne para sikur3a gaye tathA bAlaka ke zarIra meM jo jIva ke pradeza sikur3e huye the, ve hI kumAra avasthA ke zarIra meM phaila jAte haiN| isa prakAra se jIva ke pradezoM kA saMkoca tathA 291 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vistAra siddha hotA hai| pudgala to dravya kI apekSA se eka pradeza mAtra hone yathokta (pUrva kathita) prakAra ke apradezI hai, tathApi do pradeza Adi (dvyaNuka Adi) skaMdhoM ke hetubhUta tathAvidha ( usa prakAra ke) snigdha aura rUkSaguNarUpa pariNamita hone kI zakti rUpa svabhAva ke kAraNa usa pudgala ke pradezoM kA ( bahu pradezatva kA udbhava hai| isaliye paryAyataH aneka pradezitva kI bhI saMbhAvanA hone se pudgala dvipradezatva se lekara saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradezatva bhI nyAya yukta hai| appapadesavisappaNasaMhAre (gommaTasAra jIvakANDa pR. 264) eka jIva apane pradezoM ke saMhAra - visarpa kI apekSA loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara sampUrNa loka taka meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai| logassa asaMkhejjadibhAgappahudiM tu savvalogotti / vAvaDo ftat 11(584) AtmA meM pradeza saMhAra - visarpatva guNa hai| isake nimitta se usake pradeza : saMkucita tathA vistRta hote haiM, isaliye eka kSetra zarIra pramANa kI apekSA aMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara hajAra yojana taka kA hotA hai| isake Age samudghAta kI apekSA loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga, saMkhyAtaveM bhAga, tathA sampUrNa loka pramANa bhI hotA hai| dharma aura adharma dravya kA upakAra va lakSaNa gatisthityupagraha dharmAdharmayorupakAraH / (17) jIvAnAm pudgalAnAm ca gatisthityupagrahau dharmAdharmayorupakAro bhavati / The function of Dharma and Adharma is to support respectively the motion and rest of souls and matter. gati aura sthiti meM nimitta honA yaha krama se dharma aura adharma dravya kA upakAra hai| isa vizva meM jIva evaM pudgala gati-zakti yukta haiM arthAt ye donoM hI dravya eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna ko gamana karate haiN| ina donoM kI gati sahita sthiti bhI hotI hai| gati sahita sthiti karane ke lie donoM samartha hote hue 292 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bhI gati-sthiti ke lie bAhya nimitta kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| gati ke lie dharma dravya udAsIna kAraNa hai evaM sthiti ke lie adharma dravya udAsIna kAraNa hai| yahAM para dharma dravya eka amUrtika gati mAdhyama dravya hai, na ki puNya yA dharma hai| isI prakAra adharma dravya sthiti mAdhyama amUrtika dravya hai na ki pApa hai| jisa prakAra sva zakti se gamana karatI huI rela ke lie rela kI paTarI kI parama AvazyakatA hotI hai, rela kI paTarI ke binA rela nahIM cala sakatI hai, usI prakAra, dharma dravya kriyA ke lie nitAMta Avazyaka hai| vizva kI samasta sthAnAMtarita rUpa kriyA (eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna ke lie gamana) binA dharma dravya kI sahAyatA se nahIM ho sakatI hai, yahA~ taka ki zvAsocchvAsa ke lie rakta saMcAlana ke liye, palaka jhapakane ke liye, aMga-pratyaMga saMkoca-vistAra ke liye, tAra, betAra ke mAdhyama se zabda bhejane ke liye, reDiyo, TI.vI., sinemA Adi meM saMvAda evaM citra bhejane ke liye, dekhane ke lie evaM sunane ke liye, graha se grahAntara taka saMvAda, citra bhejane ke liye, sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra Adi ke gamanAgamana ke liye dharma dravya kI sahAyatA nitAMta Avazyaka hai| dharma dravya ke abhAva meM ye kriyAyeM nahIM ho sakatI haiN| jaise gamana karate hue pathika vRkSa kI chAyA meM baiThatA hai taba chAyA Thaharane ke liye udAsIna kAraNa banatI hai| jaise-rela ko ThaharAne ke lie sTezana kI relapaTarI sahAyaka hotI hai, baiThane ke liye kursI, pATA, caTAI Adi sahAyaka hotI hai, kintu kursI Adi jabaradastI manuSya ko pakar3akara nahIM baitthaatii| vaise hI dharmadravya jIva aura pudgala ko gati meM sahAyaka hotA hai| isaliye udAsIna ' zabda kahA hai jo ki mahattva kA hai| adharma dravya ke abhAva se sthira rahane rUpa kriyA nahIM ho sakatI hai| isake abhAva se vizva ke sampUrNa jIva evaM pudgala anizcita evaM avyavasthita rUpa se sarvadA calAyamAna hI rheNge| Tebala ke Upara pustaka rakhane para dUsare samaya meM pustaka vahA~ para nahIM rhegii| gAr3I ko rokane para bhI gAr3I nahIM rUkegI, koI bhI vyakti kucha nizcita samaya ke lie eka hI sthAna meM khar3A yA baiThA nahIM raha sakatA hai| yahA~ taka kI sampUrNa vizva yadRcchAbhAva se yatra tatra phaila 293 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kara avyavasthita ho jAyegA aura vartamAna meM jo vizva kI saMgaThana (saMracanA) hai, vaha nahIM raha sakatI hai| zarIra kA bhI jo saMgaThana hai, vaha bhI phailakara ke visphoTa hokara yatra-tatra bichur3a jAvegA / dharma dravya ke sAtha vaijJAnika jagat ke Ithara kucha hada taka samAna mAna sakate haiM parantu jaina dharma meM jo tathya pUrNa varNana hai vaha varNana vaijJAnika jagat ke Ithara meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| Ithara kA zodha abhI huA hai kintu dharma dravya kA varNana jaina dharma meM prAcIna kAla se hai / Adhunika vijJAna kI apekSA jo kendrAkarSaNa zakti Gravitational Force usake sAtha adharma dravya kI kucha sadRzyatA pAyI jAtI hai / parantu adharmadravya kI jo saTIka vaijJAnika sUkSma paribhASA hai, vaha kendrAkarSaNa zakti meM nahIM hai / paMcAstikAya meM kunda - kunda deva ne dharma tathA adharma kA savistAra varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai avaNNagaMdhaM dhammatthikAyamarasaM logAgAr3ha puTTha sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa kA atyanta abhAva hone se dharmAstikAya vAstava meM amUrta svabhAva vAlA hai, aura isIliye azabda hai, samasta lokAkAza meM vyApta hokara rahane se lokavyApaka hai, ayutasiddha ( asaMyogI) pradeza vAlA hone se akhaNDa hai, svabhAva se hI sarvataH vistRta hone se vizAla hai, nizcayanaya eka pradezI (akhaNDa) hone para bhI vyavahAranaya se asaMkhyAta pradezI hai / - dharma (dharmAstikAya) agurulaghu guNoM rUpa se arthAt agurUlaghutva nAma kA jo svarUpapratiSThatva ke kAraNabhUta svabhAva usake avibhAga praticchedoM rUpa se jo kiM pratisamaya hone vAlI SaTsthAnapatita vRddhihAni vAle anaMta haiM unake rUpa se - sadaiva pariNamita hone se utpAda vyaya vAlA hai, tathApi svarUpa se cyuta nahIM hotA isIliye nitya hai, gatikriyArUpa se pariNamita hone meM (jIva pudgaloM ko) udAsIna avinAbhAvI sahAyamAtra hone se gati kriyApariNAma ko 294 asaddamapphAsaM / pihulamasaMkhAdiyapadesaM / / (83) agurugaladhugehiM sayA tehiM aNaMtehiM pariNadaM NiccaM / gadikiriyAjuttANaM kAraNabhUdaM sayamakajjaM // (84) For Personal & Private Use Only

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kAraNabhUta hai, apane astitvamAtra se niSpanna hone ke kAraNa svayaM akArya hai| . udayaM jaha macchANaM gamaNANuggahakaraM haradi loe| ___ taha jIvapuggalANaM dhammaM davvaM viyaannaahi||(85) jisa prakAra pAnI svayaM gamana na karatA huA aura (para ko) gamana na karAtA huA, svayameva gamana karatI huI machaliyoM ko udAsIna avinAbhAvI sahAyarUpa se kAraNamAtrarUpa se gamana meM anugraha karatA hai, usI prakAra dharma (dharmAstikAya) bhI svayaM gamana na karatA huA aura (para ko) gamana na karAtA huA, svayameva gamana karate hue jIva pudgaloM ko udAsIna avinAbhAvI sahAyarUpa se kAraNamAtrarUpa se gamana meM anugraha karatA hai (sahAyaka hotA hai)| jaha havadi dhammadavvaM taha taM jANeha dvvmdhmkkhN| ThidikiriyAjuttANaM kAraNabhUdaM tu puddhviiv||(86) jaise pahale dharma dravya ke sambandha meM kahA thA ki, vaha rasa Adi se rahita amUrtika hai, nitya hai, akRtrima hai, pariNamanazIla hai va lokavyApI hai taise hI adharma dravya ko jAnanA caahiye| vizeSa yaha hai ki dharmadravya to machaliyoM ke liye jala kI taraha jIva pudgaloM ke gamana meM bAharI sahakArI kAraNa hai| yaha adharma dravya jaise-pRthivI svayaM pahale se ThaharI huI dUsaroM ko na ThaharAtI huI ghor3e Adi ke Thaharane meM bAharI sahakArI kAraNa hai vaise svayaM pahale se hI ThaharA huA va jIva pudgaloM ko na ThaharAtA huA unake svayaM Thaharate hue unake Thaharane meM sahakArI kAraNa hai| jAdo alogalogo jesiM sabbhAvado ya gmnntthidi| do vi ya mayA vibhattA avibhattA loyamettA y||(87) . dharma dravya aura adharma dravya vidyamAna haiM kyoMki loka aura aloka kA vibhAga anyathA nahIM bana sktaa| jIvAdi sarva padArthoM ke ekatra astitvarUpa loka hai, zuddha eka AkAza se astitva rUpa aloka hai| vahA~ jIva aura pudgala svarasa se hI (svabhAva se hI) gatipariNAma ko tathA gatipUrvaka sthitIpariNAma ko prApta hote haiN| yadi gatipariNAma athavA gatipUrvaka sthitipariNAma kA svayaM anubhava (pariNamana) karane vAle una jIva pudgala ko bahiraMgahetu dharma aura adharma 295 For Personal & Private Use Only

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na hoM, to jIva pudgala ke nirataMra gati pariNAma aura sthitipariNAma hone se aloka meM bhI unakA (jIva-pudgala kA) honA kisase nivArA jA sakatA hai ? (kisI se nahIM nivArA jA sakatA) isaliye loka aura aloka kA vibhAga siddha nahIM hogA kintu yadi jIva-pudgala kI gati ke aura gatipUrvakasthiti ke bahiraMga hetuoM ke rUpa meM dharma aura adharma kA sadbhAva svIkAra kiyA jAye to loka aura aloka kA vibhAga (siddha) hotA hai| (isIliye dharma aura adharma vidyamAna haiM) dharma aura adharma donoM paraspara pRthagbhUta astitva se niSpanna hone se vibhakta (bhinna) haiM, eka kSetrAvagAhI hone se avibhakta (abhinna) haiM, samasta loka meM pravarttamAna jIva-pudgaloM ko gati-sthiti meM niSkriya rUpa se anugraha karate haiM isaliye lokapramANa haiN| Na ya gacchadi dhammatthI gamaNaM Na karedi annnndviyss| havadi gadissa ppasaro jIvANaM puggalANaM c||(88) jaise ghor3A svayaM calatA huA apane Upara car3he hue savAra ke gamana kA kAraNa hotA hai aisA dharmAstikAya nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha kriyArahita hai, kintu jaise jala svayaM ThaharA huA hai to bhI svayaM apanI icchA se calatI huI machaliyoM ke gamana meM udAsInapane se nimitta ho jAtA hai, vaise dharma dravya bhI svayaM ThaharA huA apane hI upAdAna kAraNa se calate hue jIva. aura pudgaloM ko binA preraNA kiye hue unake gamana meM bAharI nimitta ho jAtA hai| yadyapi dharmAstikAya udAsIna hai to bhI jIva pudgaloM kI gati meM hetu hotA hai| jaise-jala udAsIna hai to bhI vaha machaliyoM ke apane hI upAdAna bala se gamana meM sahakArI hotA hai| jaise svayaM Thaharate hue ghor3oM ko pRthvI va pathikoM ko chAyA sahAyaka hai vaise hI adharmAstikAya svayaM ThaharA huA hai to bhI apane upAdAna kAraNa se Thahare hue jIva aura pudgaloM kI sthiti meM bAharI kAraNa hotA hai| vijjadi jesiM gamaNaM ThANaM puNa tesimeva sNbhvdi| te sagapariNAmehiM du gamaNaM ThANaM ca kuvvNti||(89) dharmadravya kabhI apane gamanahetupane ko chor3atA nahIM hai taise hI adharma kabhI sthitihetupane ko chor3atA nahIM hai| yadi ye hI gamana aura sthiti karAne meM mukhya 296 For Personal & Private Use Only

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preraka kAraNa ho jAveM to gati aura sthiti meM paraspara IrSyA ho jaave| jina dravyoM kI gati ho ve sadA hI calate raheM aura jinakI sthiti ho ve sadA hI Thahare rahe unakI kabhI gati na ho| aisA nahIM dikhalAI par3atA hai kintu yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki, jo gamana karate haiM ve hI Thaharate haiM yA jo Thahare hue haiM ve hI gamana karate haiN| isI se siddha hai ki ye dharma aura adharma mukhya hetu nahIM haiN| yadi ye mukhya hetu nahIM hai to jIva aura pudgaloM kI kaise gati aura sthiti hotI hai| isaliye kahate haiM ki, ve nizcaya se apanI hI pariNamana zaktiyoM se gati yA sthiti karate haiN| dharma, adharma dravya mAtra udAsIna sahAyaka hai| AkAza kA upakAra yA lakSaNa . aakaashsyaavgaahH| (18) jIvAnAmajIvAnAm ca AkAzasya upakAraH avgaahH| The function of space, i.e. Akasa is to give place to all other substances. avakAza denA AkAza kA upakAra hai| ____ dharma dravya, adharma dravya, jIva dravya, pudgala dravya evaM kAla dravya ko avakAza dene vAlA AkAza dravya hai| AkAza sabase vizAlatama dravya hai evaM sarvavyApI ke sAtha-sAtha avagAhanatva zaktiyukta hone ke kAraNa AkAza dravya anya dravyoM ko avakAza detA hai| dravyasaMgraha meM kahA bhI hai___avagAsadANa joggaM jIvAdINaM viyANa aayaasN| jo jIva Adi dravyoM ko avakAza dene vAlA hai use AkAza dravya jAnanA caahie| paMcAstikAya meM bhI kahA hai savvesiM jIvANaM sesANaM taha ya puggalANaM c| 'jaM dedi vivaramakhilaM taM loe havadi aayaasN||(90) loka meM jIvoM ko aura pudgaloM ko vaise hI zeSa samasta dravyoM ko jo sampUrNa avakAza detA hai, vaha AkAza hai| 297 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pudgala dravya kA upakAra zarIravAGmana: prANApAnA: pudgalAnAm / ( 19 ) zarIra vAGmanasprANa-apAnA: jIvAnAM pudgalAnAM upakAraH / The function of matter forms the physical basis of the bodies, speech mind the respiration of the souls. zarIra, vacana, mana aura prANApAna yaha pudgaloM kA upakAra hai| isa sUtra meM saMsArI jIvoM ke lie pudgala kA kyA kyA upakAra hai usakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / saMsArI jIvoM ke pAMcoM zarIra, vacana, mana, zvAsocchvAsa pudgala se banate haiM arthAt zarIra Adi pudgala svarUpa haiN| gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa meM vizva meM sthita 23 paudgalika vargaNAoM meM se kina-kina vargaNAoM se uparokta zarIra Adi banate haiM usakA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai teIsa jAti kI vargaNAoM meM se AhAravargaNA ke dvArA audArika, vaikriyaka, AhAraka, ye tIna zarIra aura zvAsocchvAsa hote haiM tathA tejovargaNA rUpa skandha ke dvArA taijasa zarIra banatA hai / AhAravaggaNAdo tiNNi sarIrANi hoMti ussAso / NissAso vi ya tejovaggaNakhaMdhAdu tejaMgaM / / (607) ( go . sA. pR. 272) bhASA vargaNA ke dvArA cAra prakAra kA vacana manovargaNA ke dvArA hRdaya sthAna meM aSTa dala kamala ke AkAra kA dravyamana tathA kArmANa vargaNA ke dvArA ATha prakAra ke karma banate haiM aisA jinendra deva ne kahA hai / 298 bhAsamaNavaggaNAdo kameNa bhAsA maNaM ca kammAdo / aTThavihakammadavvaM hodi ti jiNehiM NiddiTTha / / (608) "zarIra Adi paudgalika haiM" isako siddha karane ke lie tArkika ziromaNi bhaTTa akalaMka deva ne rAjavArtika meM tArkika evaM vaijJAnika praNAlI se bahuta sundara varNana kiyA hai, jo nimna prakAra hai 1. zarIra paudgalika - audArika, vaikriyaka, AhAraka, taijasa aura kArmANa For Personal & Private Use Only

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ina pAMcoM zarIra karma mUlata: sUkSma hone se apratyakSa haiM aura jo sthUla hai vaha pratyakSa hai| mana apratyakSa hI hai| vacana aura zvAsocchvAsa kucha pratyakSa aura kucha apratyakSa haiM-kyoMki ye indriyoM ke viSaya nahIM haiM ata: indriyoM se atIta haiN| ata: zarIra pudgala hai| 2. kArmANa zarIra paudgalika- yadyapi kArmANa zarIra AkAra rahita hai tathApi mUrtimAn pudgaloM ke sambandha se apanA phala detA hai, jaise brIhi (cAvala) Adi dhAnya, pAnI, dhUpa Adi mUrtimAna pudgaloM ke sambandha se pakatA hai| isalie paudgalika hai, usI prakAra kArmANa zarIra bhI gur3a kaMTaka Adi mUrttimAna pudgala dravyoM ke sambandha se pakatA hai, arthAt iSTAniSTa bAhya sAmagrI ke nimitta se kArmANa zarIra apanA phala detA hai, ata: kArmANa zarIra paudgalika hai, kyoMki koI bhI amUrta padArtha mUrtimAna padArtha ke sambandha se nahIM pakatA tathA amUrta padArtha.mUrtimAna padArtha se vipacyamAna dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| vacana paudgalika-pudgala ke nimitta se hone se donoM prakAra ke vacana paudgalika haiN| vacana do prakAra ke haiM-dravyavacana aura bhaavvcn| donoM hI paudgalika haiM kyoMki donoM hI pudgala ke kArya haiM arthAt pudgala ke nimitta se hI hote haiN| bhAvavacana, vIryAntarAya aura matijJAnAvaraNa, zrutajJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama tathA aGgopAGga nAmakarma ke udaya ke nimitta se hote haiN| ata: bhAvamana pudgala kA kArya hone se paudgalika hai; yadi vIryAntarAya aura mati-zruta-jJAnAvaraNa rUpa paudgalika karmoM kA kSayopazama nahIM ho to bhAvavacana ho hI nahIM sktaa| bhAvavacana ke sAmarthya vAle AtmA ke dvArA preryamANa pudgala vacanarUpa se pariNata hote haiM arthAt AtmA ke dvArA tAlu Adi kriyA se jo pudgala vargaNAeM vacanarUpa pariNata hotI haiM use dravyavacana kahate haiN| zrotendriya kA viSaya hone se dravya vacana bhI paudgalika haiN| prazna - yadi zabda paudgalika hai to eka bAra grahaNa hone ke bAda unakA ___ puna: grahaNa kyoM nahIM hotA? arthAt eka bAra uccAraNa karane ke bAda vahI zabda puna: sunAI kyoM nahIM detA ? 299 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttara prazna uttara 300 - bijalI ke samAna asaMhatatva hone punaH gRhIta nahIM hote haiN| jisa prakAra cakSu indriya ke dvArA upalabdha bijalI dravya eka bAra camaka kara phira zIghra hI vizIrNa; ( naSTa) ho jAtA hai ataH punaH A~khoM se dikhAI nahIM detA haiM, usI prakAra zrotendriya ke dvArA eka bAra upalabdha (sune gaye) vacana sampUrNa se zIghra hI vizIrNa ho jAne se puna: dubArA nahIM sunAI dete / - - yadi zabda paudgalika haiM to cakSu Adi ke dvArA zabdoM kA grahaNa kyoM nahIM hotA ? zabda ko amUrttika kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki zabda kA mUrttimAna padArtha ke dvArA grahaNa, preraNA aura avarodha dekhA jAtA hai| zabda amUrttika hai 'amUrta AkAza kA guNa hone se' yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki mUrttimAna, paudgalika padArthoM ke dvArA grahaNa hotA hai / karNendriya kA viSaya hone se mUrttimAna zrotendriya ke dvArA usakA grahaNa hotA hai jo amUrta hotA hai vaha kisI mUrttimAna indriya ke dvArA grAhya nahIM hotA / vAyu ke dvArA prerita rUI kI taraha eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna ko prerita kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki virUddha dizA meM sthita vyakti ko vaha zabda sunAI detA hai, arthAt jisa tarapha kI vAyu hotI hai udhara hI adhika sunAI detA hai, vAyu ke pratikUla hone se samIpastha ko bhI sunAI nahIM detA hai| isase anumAna hotA hai ki zabda prerita hai aura yaMtra ke dvArA prerita kara dUsare dezoM meM bhijavAyA bhI jAtA hai| amUrta padArtha mUrtimAna padArthoM ke dvArA prerita nahIM hotA / nala, bila, rikArDa Adi meM nadI ke jala kI taraha zabda rokA bhI jAtA hai, parantu amUrtika padArtha mUrtimAn kisI pradArtha ke dvArA ghrANa ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya hone para gandhadravya rasAdi kI anupalabdhi ke samAna cakSu Adi ke dvArA gRhIta nahIM hote haiN| jaise ghrANendriya dvArA grAhya gandhadravya ke sAtha avinAbhAvI rUpa, rasa, sparza Adi vidyamAna rahakara ke bhI sUkSma hone se prANendriya ke dvArA upalabdha nahIM hote arthAt ghrANendriya ke dvArA grAhya nahIM hote haiM, usI prakAra zrotendriya ke viSayabhUta zabda sUkSma hone se cakSu Adi zeSa indriyoM dvArA gRhIta nahIM hote / For Personal & Private Use Only

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avarUddha huA nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| mUrtimAn padArthoM ke dvArA abhibhUta - tiraskRta hone se bhI zabda ko mUrtimAn jAnanA caahie| jaise sUrya ke prakAza se abhibhUta (tirobhUta) hone vAle, hone se tArA Adi mUrtika haiM, usI prakAra siMha kI dahAr3a, hAthI kI ciMghAr3a aura bherI kA ghoSa Adi mahAn zabda ke dvArA zakuni (pakSiyoM) ke manda zabda tirobhUta hote haiM tathA kAMsI Adi ke bartana girane para utpanna dhvani, dhvani antara ke AraMbha meM hetu hotI hai| athavA giri- gahvara- kUpa Adi meM zabda karane para pratidhvani utpanna hotI hai| parvata kI guphAoM Adi se TakarAkara pratidhvani hotI hai| ataH zabda mUrtika hai| prazna uttara - amUrtika padArthoM kA bhI mUrtimAna padArthoM ke dvArA tirobhAva dekhA jAtA hai, jaise mUrtimAna madirA ke dvArA amUrtika vijJAna (indriyajJAna) kA tirobhAva dekhA jAtA hai, isalie mUrtimAna padArthoM se mUrtimAna padArthoM kA hI abhibhava hotA hai, yaha nizcita hetu nahIM hai| - mUrtika madirA ke dvArA indriyajJAna kA jo abhibhava dekhA jAtA hai vaha bhI mUrta se mUrttika kA hI abhibhava hai, kyoMki kSAyopazamika jJAna indriyAdi pudgaloM ke AdhIna hone se paudgalika hai, anyathA ( yadi vijJAna paudgalika nahIM hai to) AkAza ke samAna vijJAna kA bhI madirA Adi ke dvArA abhibhava nahIM ho sakatA thaa| ataH uparyukta hetuoM se zabda paudgalika padArtha siddha hotA hai| 4. prANApAna paudgalika - koSTha (udara) kI vAyu ko ucchvAsalakSaNa prANa kahate haiM / vIryAntarAya, jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama aura aMgopAGga nAma karma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAle AtmA ke dvArA zarIra koSTha se jo vAyu bAhara nikAlI jAtI hai, usako ucchvAsalakSaNa prANa kahate haiM / bAhya vAyu ko abhyantara karanA apAna hai / vIryAntarAya, jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama aura aMgopAGga nAma karma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAle AtmA ke dvArA jo bAhya vAyu bhItara lI jAtI hai, usa niHzvAsa ko apAna kahate haiN| ye socchvAsa (prANApAna) AtmA ke jIvana meM kAraNa hote haiM ataH inake For Personal & Private Use Only 301

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dvArA pudgala AtmA kA upakAra karatA hai| ina saba kA pratighAta dekhA jAtA hai ataH ye saba mUrtika haiN| una prANApAna aura vAG (vacana), mana, zvAsocchvAsa kA pratighAta Adi hone se ina ko mUrtimAn (paudgalika) samajhanA caahie| jaise- bhaya ke kAraNoM se tathA vajrapAta. Adi ke zabdoM ke dvArA mana kA pratighAta aura madirA Adi ke dvArA mana kA abhibhava dekhA jAtA hai| hAtha se mukha aura nAka ko banda kara dene para zvAsocchvAsa kA pratighAta aura kaNTha meM kapha Adi ke AjAne se zvAsocchvAsa kA abhibhava dekhA jAtA hai| ataH mana aura zvAsocchvAsa paudgalika haiM kyoMki mUrtika padArthoM ke dvArA amUrttika padArtha ke abhighAta aura abhibhava ( rUkAvaTa ) nahIM ho skte| zvAsocchvAsa rUpI kArya se AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai / inake dvArA AtmA ke astitva kI siddhi hotI hai; kyoMki prANApAnAdi karma AtmA kArya haiM ataH AtmA rUpI kAraNa ke binA zvAsocchvAsa rUpI kArya nahIM ho sakatA, jaise kisI yantramUrti kI ceSTAe~ usake prayoktA kA asti batAtI prakAra prANApAnAdi kriyAe~ kriyAvAn AtmA kI siddhi karatI haiN| sukhaduHkhajIvitamaraNopagrahAzca / ( 20 ) jIvAnAM sukha-duHkha - jIvita-maraNa - upagrahAzca pudgalAnAmupakAro bhavati / Soul experiences pain, pleasure, life and death through the agency of matter. sukha, dukha, jIvana aura maraNa ye bhI pudgaloM ke upakAra haiN| 19 nambara sUtra meM batAyA gayA ki, parimANa vizeSa se gRhIta pudgala jaise- zarIra, vacana, mana aura zvAsocchvAsa catuSTaya krama se gamana, vyavaharaNa, cintavana aura zvAsocchvAsa rUpa se jIva kA upakAra karate hai vaise sukha Adi bhI pudgalakRta upakAra haiM usako batAne ke lie isa sUtra meM kahate haiM ki sukha, duHkha, jIvana, maraNa bhI pudgala kRta upakAra hai| (1) sukha :- bAhya kAraNoM ke kAraNa aura sAtA vedanIya ke udaya se 302 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jo prasannatA hotI hai, use sukha kahate hai| jaba AtmA se baddha sAtA vedanIya karmadravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvAdi bAhya kAraNoM se paripAka ko prApta hotA haiN| (i) duHkha:- asAtA vedanIya karma ke udaya se Atma pariNAmoM meM saMkleza hotA hai vaha duHkha hai| jaba AtmA se baddha asAtA vedanIya karma dravya, kSetrAdi bAhya kAraNoM se paripAka ko prApta hote haiM, taba AtmA ke jo saMkleza pariNAma hote haiM, use duHkha kahA jAtA hai arthAt sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM sukha aura asAtA vedanIya ke udaya ko duHkha kahate haiN| (3) jIvita :- bhavasthiti meM kAraNabhUta Ayukarma dravya se sambandhita jIva ke prANApAna lakSaNa kriyA kA uparama nahIM honA hI jIvita hai| bhavadhAraNa meM kAraNa Ayu nAma kA karma hai| usa Ayu karma ke udaya se prApta bhavasthiti ko dhAraNa karane vAle jIva ke pUrvokta prANApAna (zvAsocchvAsa) kriyA kA cAlU rahanA usakA uccheda nahIM honA hI jIvita hai| (4) maraNa :- usa zvAsocchvAsa kA uccheda hI maraNa hai| jIva ke jIvita meM kAraNa bhUta zvAsocchvAsa kA uccheda hI jIva kA maraNa hai| .. jIvoM kA upakAra parasparopagraho jiivaanaam| (21) parasparopagraho jIvAnAM upakAraH bhvti| The mundane souls help the support each other. paraspara sahAyatA meM nimitta honA yaha jIvoM kA upakAra hai| svAmisevaka Adi karma se vRtti (vyApAra) ko parasparopagraha kahate haiN| svAmI, naukara, AcArya (guru) ziSya Adi bhAva se jo vRtti hotI hai, usako paraspara upagraha kahate haiM, jaise-svAmI apane dhana kA tyAga karake (rUpayAdi pradAna karake) sevaka kA upakAra karate haiM aura sevaka svAmI ke hitapratipAdana aura ahita ke pratiSedha dvArA usakA upakAra karatA hai| AcArya (guru) ubhaya loka kA hitakArI mArga dikhAkara tathA hitakArI kriyA kA anuSThAna karAkara ziSyoM kA upakAra karate haiM aura ziSya guru ke anukula vRtti se upakAra karate 303 For Personal & Private Use Only

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yadyapi 'upagraha' kA prakaraNa hai, phira bhI isa sUtra meM 'upagraha' zabda ke dvArA pUrva sUtra meM nirdiSTa sukha-duHkha, jIvita aura maraNa ina cAroM kA hI pratinirdeza kiyA hai| ina cAroM ke sivAya jIvoM kA anya koI paraspara upagraha nahIM hai, kintu pUrva sUtra meM nirdiSTa hI upakAra hai / strI-puruSa kI rati ke samAna paraspara upakAra kA aniyama pradarzita karane ke lie puna: 'upagraha' vacana kA prayoga sukhAdi meM sarvathA niyama parasparopakAra kA nahIM hai, yaha batAne ke lie punaH upagraha vacana kA prayoga kiyA hai; kyoMki koI jIva apane lie sukha utpanna karatA huA kadAcit dUsare eka jIva ko vAdo jIvoM ko vA bahuta se jIvoM ko sukhI karatA haiM aura koI jIva apane ko duHkhI karatA huA eka jIva ko, do jIvoM ko yA bahuta se jIvoM ko duHkhI karatA hai athavA kabhI eka, do, bahuta jIvoM tathA apane Apake lie sukha yA duHkha karatA huA dUsare eka vA do vA bahuta se jIvoM ke lie sukha dukha utpanna karatA hai| isa prakAra anyatra bhI samajhanA caahie| svayaM duHkhI bhI dUsare ko sukhI aura svayaM sukhI bhI dUsare ko duHkhI kara sakatA hai| ataH koI nizcita niyama nahIM hai ki sukhI sukha pahu~cAye aura duHkhI duHkha hI kreN| kAla kA upakAra vartanA pariNAmakriyAH paratvAparatve ca kAlasya / ( 22 ) vartanA-pariNAma-kriyAH paratvAparatve ca jIvAnAm pudgalAnAm kAlasya upakAro bhavati / The function of time is to assist substances in their continuing to exist (vartana) in their modifications ( parinama) in their movements (kriya) and in their priority (paratva) and non-priority or Juniority in time (aparatva). vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva aura aparatva ye kAla ke upakAra haiN| vizva meM jar3a-cetana meM mUrtika- amUrtika meM jo sUkSma-sthUla, zuddha-azuddha pariNamana (parivartana) hotA hai vaha pariNamana do kAraNa se hotA hai ( 1 ) upAdAna kAraNa ( 2 ) nimitta kAraNa / upAdAna kAraNa ko mukhya kAraNa (sva kAraNa) evaM 304 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nimitta kAraNa ko gauNa kAraNa (bAhya kAraNa) kahate haiN| pratyeka dravya meM pariNamana zakti (agurulaghutva guNa) hotI hai jo ki pariNamana ke lie mukhya kAraNa hai| isa mukhya kAraNa ko sahAyatA pahu~cAne vAlA gauNa kAraNa hai| jaise - kumhAra kA cakra nIce ke patthara ke AdhAra para paribhramaNa karatA hai isa paribhramaNa meM cakra kI svayogyatA mukhya kAraNa hai aura nIce kA patthara gauNa kAraNa hai| isI prakAra dravya pariNamana meM svayogyatA mukhya kAraNa aura kAladravya gauNa kAraNa hai| isaliye isa sUtra meM vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva aura aparatva kAla dravya ke upakAra haiN| (1 ) vartanA :- dharmAdika dravya apanI navIna paryAya ke utpanna karane meM svayaM pravRtta hote haiM to bhI vaha bAhya sahakArI kAraNa ke binA nahIM ho sakatI isaliye use pravarttAne vAlA kAla hai / yahI 'vartanA lakSaNa' kAla dravya kA upakAra hai| (2) pariNAma :- eka dharma kI nivRtti karake dUsare dharma ke paidA karane rUpa aura parispanda se rahita dravya kI jo paryAya hai use pariNAma kahate haiM / (3) kriyA :- dravya meM jo parispanda rUpa pariNamana hotA hai use kriyA kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM (1) prAyogika ( 2 ) vainasika / unameM se gAr3I Adi kI prAyogikI kriyA hai aura medhAdika kI vainsikii| (4) paratvAparatva :- paratva aura aparatva do prakAra kA hai - ( 1 ) kSetrakRta (2) kaalkRt| prakRta (yahAM para ) meM kAlakRta upakAra kA prakaraNa hai isaliye kAlakRta paratva aura aparatva ko yahAM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ye saba vartanAdika kAla ke astitva kA jJAna karAte haiN| tattvArthasAra meM kahA bhI hai / - kAladravya kA lakSaNa : sa kAlo yannimittAH syuH pariNAmAdivRttayaH / vartanAlakSaNaM kathayanti vipazcitaH // (40) tasya ( tattvArthasAra, pR. 98 tRtiyAdhikAra) kAla vaha kahalAtA hai jisake nimitta se pariNAma, kriyA, paratva tathA For Personal & Private Use Only 305

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aparatva hote haiN| vidvAna loga vartanA ko kAla kA lakSaNa kahate haiM / vartanA kA lakSaNa : pratidravyaviparyayam / anubhUti: svasattAyA: smRtA sA khalu vartanA / ( 41 ) pratyeka dravya ke eka-eka samayavartI pariNamanameM jo svasattA kI anubhUti hotI hai use vartanA kahate haiN| antarnItaikasamayA kAladravya kI hetukartRtA kA varNana : AtmanA vartamAnAnAM dravyANAM vartanAkaraNAtkAlo bhajate saba dravya, apanI-apanI paryAyoMrUpa pariNamana svayaM karatA hai phira bhI vartanA kA kAraNa hone se kAladravya hetukartRtA ko prApta hotA hai / kAladravya kI hetukartRtA kA samarthana : 306 yadyapi kAladravya svayaM niSkriya hai tathApi isakI hetukartRtA virUddha nahIM haiM kyoMki nimittamAtra meM bhI hetukartRtA mAnI jAtI hai| kalA kisa prakAra kahA~ sthita hai ? na cAsya hetukartRtvaM niHkriyasya virudhyate / yato nimittamAtre'pi hetukartRtvamiSyate / / (43) ekaikavRttyA lokAkAzapradezeSu nijaparyayaiH / hetukartRtAm / / (42) pratyekamaNavastasya ratnarAziriva usa kAla dravya ke kriyArahita pratyeka aNu ratnoM kI rAzi ke samAna lokAkAza ke pradezoM para eka-eka sthita hai / vyavahArakAla ke paricAyaka liGga: vyAvahArikakAlasya pariNAmastathA niSkriyAH / kriyA / linggaanyaahurmhrssyH|| (45) ca paratvaM cAparatvaM pariNAma, kriyA, paratva aura aparatva ko maharSiyoM ne vyAvahArika. kAlakA For Personal & Private Use Only sthitaa:||(44)

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liGga paricAyaka cinha kahA hai| pariNAma kA lakSaNa : svajAteravirodhena vikAro yo hi vastunaH / pariNAmaH sa nirdiSTo'parispandAtmako jinaiH // (46) apanI jAti kA virodha na karate hue vastu kA jo vikAra hai- pariNamana hai use jinendra bhagavAn ne pariNAma kahA hai| yaha pariNAma halana calanarUpa nahIM hotA / kriyA kA lakSaNa : yA nimittAbhyAM prajAyate / prayogavisAbhyAM dravyasya sA parijJeyA parispandAtmikA kriyA // ( 47 ) preraNA aura svabhAva ina do nimittoM se dravya meM jo halana calanarUpa pariNati hotI hai use kriyA jAnanA cAhiye / paratva aura aparatva kA lakSaNa : paratvaM te viprakRSTatvamitaratsannikRSTatA / ca kAlakRte grAhye kAlaprakaraNAdiha // ( 48 ) dUrI ko paratva aura nikaTatA ko aparatva kahate haiM / yahA~ kAla dravya prakaraNa hone se dUrI aura nikaTatA hI grahaNa karanA caahie| chahoM dravya meM se vizva saMracanA ke lie jIva kA sthAna sabase mahatvapUrNa hai| jIva jJAtA hai, dRSTA hai, karttA hai, bhoktA hai, prabhU hai, vibhu hai| jIva binA samasta vizva zmazAna ke samAna sannATAmaya caitanya rahita hai| dvitIya mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA pudgala dravya kI hai| vizva ke saMcAlana meM jitanA jIva kA hAtha hai utanA hI hAtha pudgala kA bhI hai| vizva kI samasta bhautika saMracanA pudgala se hotI hai| vizva ko gRha mAnane para gRha kA mAlika jIva hai evaM gRha kA nirmANa pudgala se hotA hai| dharma dravya, Ane vAle pathika ke lie mArga kA kAma karatA hai, to adharma dravya pathika ke lie sTezana hai| kAla purAtana ko miTAkara navInIkaraNa ke liye sUtradhAra hai to AkAza sabako vizrAma dene ke For Personal & Private Use Only 307

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liye sahAyatA karatA hai| isa prakAra vizva ke liye chaha dravya paraspara sahayoga dekara anAdi se saha-avasthAna kara rahe haiM evaM karate rheNge| pudgala dravya kA lakSaNa sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudglaaH| (23) Pudgalal or matter has four chief characteristics associated with it, viz; touch, taste, smell and colour. sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa vAle pudgala hote haiN| 19 evaM 20 nambara sUtra meM pudgala dravya ke upakAra kA varNana kiyA gayA para abhI taka pudgala dravya ke lakSaNa kA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| isa sUtra meM pudgala dravya ke lakSaNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jo sparza kiyA jAtA hai, use yA sparzana mAtra ko sparza kahate hai| komala, kaThora, bhArI, halakA, ThaMDA, garama, snigdha aura rukSa ke bheda se vaha ATha prakAra kA hai| jo svAda rUpa hotA hai yA svAdamAtra ko rasa kahate haiN| tItA, khaTTA, kaDuvA, mIThA, aura kasailA ke bheda se vaha pA~ca prakAra kA hai| jo sUMghA jAtA hai yA sUMghane mAtra ko gaMdha kahate hai| uparokta sugandha-durgandha aise do bheda hai| dRzyamAna zveta Adi varNa hai| vaha pA~ca prakAra hai| ye sparza Adi ke mUla bheda haiN| vaise, pratyeka ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta bheda hote haiN| jaise rasa meM madhura rasa ko leM- cAvala bhI madhura hai, kelA bhI madhura hai, gannArasa bhI madhura hai, guDa, zakkara aura cInI bhI madhura hai| pratyeka kI madhuratA meM hInAdhikatA hai kyoMki madhura rasa meM jo anubhAgapraticcheda (zaktyaMza) hai usameM hInAdhikatA hai| isI prakAra uparokta pratyeka dravya ke zakti-aMza meM bhI hInAdhikatA hai| isI prakAra sparza, gandha aura varNa vAle kahe jAte haiN| inakA pudgala dravya se sadA sambandha hai| pudgala kI paryAya shbdbndhsaukssmysthaulysNsthaanbhedtmshchaayaa''tpodyotvntshc| (24) zabda-bandha-saumya-sthaulya-saMsthAna-bheda-tamaH chAyA-Atapa-udyota-vantazca pudgl| bhvnti| 308 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Manifestations of pudgala (matter) take the form of sound, union, fineness, grossness, figure, divisibility, darkness, shade or image, sunshine and moonlight. tathA ve zabda, bandha, sUkSmatva, sthUlatva, saMsthAna, bheda, andhakAra, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota vAle hote haiN| ___ isa sUtra meM Adhunika vijJAna kI, bhautika vijJAna kI vibhinna zAkhAyeM tathA rAsAyanika vijJAna kI zAkhAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya arthAt pA~coM indriyoM se grahaNa karane yogya sampUrNa padArtha pudgala kI vibhinna avasthAeM haiN| jaise- kAna se sunane yogya zabda, A~khoM se dekhane yogya varNa evaM saMsthAna, prakAza-andhakAra, choTA-bar3A AkAra aadi| AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne kahA hai saddo baMdho suhumo thUlo sNtthaannbhedtmchaayaa| ujjodAdavasahiyA puggaladavvassa pjjaayaa||(16) dravya saMgraha zabda, bandha, sUkSma, sthUla, saMsthAna, bheda, tama, chAyA, udyota aura Atapa isa se sahita jo haiM ve saba pudgala dravya ke paryAya haiN| (1) zabda-zabda ke do bheda haiM (1) bhASAtmaka zabda (2) abhaassaaruup| * bhASAtmaka zabda do prakAra ke haiM :- (1) sAkSara (2) ankssr| jisameM zAstra race jAte haiM aura jisase Arya aura mlecchoM kA vyavahAra calatA hai aise saMskRta zabda aura isase viparIta zabda ye saba sAkSara zabda haiN| jisase unake sAtizaya * jJAna ke svarUpa kA patA lagatA hai aise do indriya Adi jIvoM ke zabda anakSarAtmaka zabda haiN| ye donoM prakAra ke zabda prAyogika haiN| abhASAtmaka zabda do prakAra ke haiM- (1) prAyogika (2) vainsik| megha Adi ke nimitta se jo zabda utpanna hote haiM ve vainasika zabda hai| tathA tata, vitata, ghana aura sauSira ke bheda se prAyogika zabda cAra prakAra ke haiN| camar3e se mar3he hue puSkara, bherI aura durdara se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai vaha tat zabda hai| tAMta vAle vINA aura sughoSa Adi ke tADana se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai vaha vitatta zabda hai| tAla, ghaNTA 309 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Adi ke tAr3ana se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai vaha ghana zabda hai| tathA bA~surI aura zaMkha Adi ke phUMkane se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai vaha sauSira zabda hai| (2) bandha- bandha ke do bheda haiM- vainasika aura praayogik| jisameM puruSa kA prayoga apekSita nahIM hai vaha vaisasika bandha hai| jaise-snigdha aura rUkSa guNa ke nimitta se hone vAlA bijalI, ulkA, megha, agni aura indradhanuSa Adi kA viSayabhUta bandha vainasika bandha hai| aura jo bandha puruSa ke prayoga ke nimitta se hotA hai vaha prAyogika bandha hai| isake do bheda haiM- ajIva sambandhI aura jiivaajiivsmbndhii| lAkha aura lakar3I Adi kA ajIva sambandhI prAyogika bandha hai| tathA karma aura nokarma kA jo jIva se bandha hotA hai vaha jIvAjIvasambandhI prAyogika bandha hai| (3) sUkSmatva- sUkSmatva ke do bheda haiM- (1) antya (2) aapekssik| paramANuoM meM antya sUkSmatva hai tathA bela, A~valA aura bera Adi meM ApekSika sUkSmatva hai| (4) sthUlatva-sthaulya bhI do prakAra kA hai- (1) antya (2) aapekssik| jagavyApI mahAskandha meM antya sthaulya hai tathA bera, A~valA aura bela Adi meM ApekSika sthaulya hai| (5) saMsthAna- saMsthAna kA artha AkRti (AkAra) hai| isake do bheda haiM- (1) itthaMlakSaNa (2) anitthNlkssnn| jisake viSaya meM yaha saMsthAna isa prakAra kA hai yaha nirdeza kiyA jA sake vaha itthaMlakSaNa saMsthAna hai| vRtta, trikoNa, catuSkoNa, Ayata aura parimaNDala Adi ye saba itthaMlakSaNa saMsthAna haiN| tathA isake atirikta megha Adi ke AkAra jo ki aneka prakAra ke haiM aura jinake viSaya meM yaha isa prakAra kA hai yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA vaha anitthaMlakSaNa saMsthAna hai| (6) bheda- bheda ke chaha bheda haiM- (1) utkara (2) cUrNa (3) khaNDa (4) cUrNikA (5) pratara (6) annucttn| karoMta Adi se jo lakar3I ko cIrA jAtA hai vaha utkara nAmakA bheda hai| jau aura gehUM Adi kA jo sattU aura kanaka Adi banatA hai vaha cUrNa nAmakA bheda hai| ghaTa Adi ke jo kapAla aura zarkarA 310 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Adi Tukar3e hote haiM vaha khaNDa nAmakA bheda hai| ur3ada aura mUMga Adi kA jo khaNDa kiyA jAtA hai vaha cUrNikA nAma kA bheda hai| megha ke jo alaga-alaga paTala Adi hote haiM vaha pratara nAmakA bheda hai| tapAye hue loheke gole Adi ko ghana Adi se pITane para jo sphuligeM nikalate haiM vaha aNucaTana nAmakA bheda hai| (7) andhakAra- jisase dRSTi meM pratibandha hotA hai aura jo prakAza kA virodhI hai vaha tama kahalAtA hai| (8) chAyA- prakAza ko rokane vAle padArthoM ke nimitta se jo paidA hotI haiM vaha chAyA kahalAtI hai| usake do bheda haiM- eka to varNAdi ke vikAra rUpa se pariNata huI aura dUsarI prtibimbruup| (7) Atapa- jo sUrya ke nimitta se uSNa prakAza hotA hai use Atapa kahate haiN| udyota- candramaNi aura jugunU Adi ke nimitta se jo prakAza paidA hotA hai use udyota kahate haiN| pudgala ke bheda aNavaH skandhAzca / (25) Matter axists in the form of indivisible elementary particles (atom) and their combinations (malecule) pudgala ke do bheda hai- aNu aura skndh| ___ jo pUraNa, galana dharma vAlA ho use 'pudgala' kahate haiN| pUraNa arthAt milanA galana arthAt alaga hotA hai| jaise-jala ko ThaMDA karane se jala ke kaNa paraspara milakara barpha bana jAte haiM evaM jala ko garma karane se jala ke kaNa alaga-alaga hokara vASpa bana jAte haiN| vizva meM dRzyamAna tathA anya cAroM indriyoM se jAnane yogya padArtha pudgala hI haiN| mukhyata: isa pudgala ke do bheda haiM- (1) aNu (2) skndh| eka pradeza meM hone vAle sparzAdi payArya ko utpanna karane kI sAmarthya 311 For Personal & Private Use Only

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rUpa se jo 'aNyante' arthAt kahe jAte haiM ve 'aNu' kahalAte hai| yaha itanA sUkSma hotA hai jisase vahI Adi hai, vahI madhya hai aura vahI anta hai| kahA bhI hai 'attAdi attamajjhaM attaMtaM Neva iMdiye gejjhaM / jaM davvaM avibhAgI taM paramANu viANAhi / ' jisakA Adi, madhya aura anta eka hai, aura jise indriyA~ grahaNa nahIM kara sakatI aisA jo vibhAga rahita dravya hai use paramANu smjho| jinameM sthUla rUpa se pakar3anA, rakhanA Adi vyApAra kA skandhana arthAt ' saMghaTanA hotI hai ve skandha kahe jAte haiM / pudgaloM ke ananta bheda haiM to bhI ve saba aNu jAti aura skandha jAti ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| isa prakAra pudgaloM kI ina donoM jAtiyoM ke AdhAra bhUta ananta bhedoM ke sUcana karane ke lie sUtra meM bahuvacana kA nirdeza kiyA hai / yadyapi sUtra meM aNu aura skandha ina donoM padoM ko samasita rakhA jA sakatA thA taba bhI aisA na karake 'aNavaH skandhA:' isa prakAra bheda rUpa se jo kathana kiyA hai vaha isa sUtra se pahale kahe gaye do sUtroM ke sAtha alaga-alaga sambandha batalAne ke lie kiyA hai jisase yaha jJAna ho ki aNu, sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa vAle haiM parantu skandha zabda, bandha saukSmya, sthaulya, saMsthAna, bheda, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota vAle haiM tathA sparzAdi vAle bhI haiN| 66 kundakunda deva ne pudgala dravya ke bheda prabhedoM kA savistAra varNana paMcAstikAya nimna prakAra se kiyA hai 312 pudgala dravya kadAcit skaMdhaparyAya se, kadAcit skaMdhadezarUpa paryAya se kadAcit skaMdhapradeza rUpa paryAya aura kadAcit paramANurUpa se yahAM (loka meM) hote haiM, isa prakAra unake cAra bheda haiN| khaMdhA ya khaMdhadesA khaMdhapadesA ya hoMti paramANu / idi te caduvviyappA puggalakAyA muNeyavvA / / (74) ( paMcAstikAya pR.211 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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khaMdhaM sayalasamatthaM tassa du addhaM bhaNaMti deso tti| . addhaddhaM ca padeso paramANU ceva avibhaagii||(75) anantAnanta paramANuoM se nirmita hone para bhI jo eka ho vaha skaMdha nAma kI paryAya hai, usakI AdhI skaMdhadeza nAmaka paryAya haiM, AdhI kI AdhI skaMdha pradeza nAma kI paryAya haiN| isa prakAra bheda ke kAraNa dvi aNuka skaMdha paryaMta ananta skaMdhapradezarUpa paryAyeM hotI haiN| nirvibhAga eka pradezavAlA, skaMdha kA antima aMza vaha eka paramANu hai| punazca-do paramANuoM ke saMghAta se (milane se) eka dvi aNuka skandharUpa paryAya hotI hai| isa prakAra saMghAta ke kAraNa (dvi-aNuka-skandha kI bhAMti triaNuka-skaMndha-caturaNuka skandha ityAdi) ananta-skandha-rUpa paryAyeM hotI haiN| vibhinna prakAra ke skandha bAdara suhamagadANaM khaMdhANaM puggalo tti vvhaaro| te hoMti chappayArA telokkaM jehiM NippaNNaM // (76) puDhavI jalaM ca chaayaa-curiNdiyvisykmmpaaoggaa| kammAtIdA yevaM chanbheyA poggalA hoMti // (77) bAdara aura sUkSma rUpa se pariNata skandhoM kA "pudgala" aisA vyavahAra hai| ve chaha prakAra ke haiM, jinase tIna loka niSpanna haiN| (1) jinameM SaTsthAnapatita vRddhihAni hotI hai aise sparza-rasa-gaMdha, varNarUpa guNa vizeSoM ke kAraNa (paramANu) pUraNa-galana-dharma vAle hone se tathA (2) skandha vyakti ke (skandha paryAya ke) avirbhAva aura tirobhAva kI apekSA se bhI (paramANuoM 'meM) pUraNa-galana ghaTita hone se paramANu pudgala haiM aisA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| skandha to aneka pudgalamaya eka paryAyapane ke kAraNa pudgaloM se ananya hone se pudgala haiM aisA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai tathA (ve) bAdaratva aura sUkSmatvarUpa pariNAmoM ke bhedoM dvArA chaha prakAroM ko prApta karake tIna loka rUpa hokara rahe haiN| ve chaha prakAra ke skandha isa prakAra haiM- (1) bAdara bAdara, (2) bAdara, (3) bAdara sUkSma (4) sUkSma bAdara, (5) sUkSma (6) sUkSma sUkSma / (1) bAdara bAdara- kASThapASANAdika (skandha) jo ki chedana hone para svayaM 313 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nahIM jur3a sakate, bAdara bAdara haiN| (2) bAdara - dUdha, ghI, tela, jala, rasa Adi ( skandha) jo ki chedana hone para svayaM jur3a jAte haiM, bAdara haiN| (3) bAdara sUkSma - chAyA, dhUpa, aMdhakAra cA~danI Adi ( skandha) sthUla hone para bhI jinakA chedana, bhedana athavA (hastAdi dvArA ) grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA bAdara sUkSma haiN| ( 4 ) sUkSma bAdara - sparza-rasa-gaMdha zabda, jo ki sUkSma hone para bhI sthUla jJAta hote haiM, sUkSma bAdara haiN| jo A~kho se nahIM dikhAI par3eM ve sUkSma sthUla haiM / jaise A~kha ke sivAya anya cAra indriyoM ke viSaya vAyu, rasa, gaMdha, zabda Adi / (5) sUkSma - karmavargaNAdi ( skandha) jinheM sUkSmapanA hai tathA jo indriyoM se jJAta na hoM aise haiM, ve sUkSma haiN| ( 6 ) sUkSma sUkSma - karmavargaNA se nIce ke dviaNuka-skandha taka ke ( skandha) jo ki atyanta sUkSma haiM ve sUkSma sUkSma haiN| paramANu kA varNana savvesiM khaMdhANaM jo aMto taM viyANa paramANU / so sassado aso ekko avibhAgI muktibhavo // (77) sarva skandhoM kA jo aMtima bhAga use paramANu jAno vaha avibhAgI eka (eka pradezI) zAzvata, mUrtiprabhava ( mUrta rUpa se utpanna hone vAlA) aura azabda hai| 314 mUrtatva ke kAraNabhUta sparza-rasa-gaMdha-varNa kA paramANu se Adeza mAtra dvArA (kathana mAtra meM) hI bheda kiyA jAtA hai, vastutaH jo jisa prakAra paramANu kA vahI pradeza Adi hai, vahI madhya hai aura vahI anta hai usI prakAra dravya aura guNa ke abhinna pradeza hone se, jo paramANu kA pradeza hai vahI sparza kA Adesamettamutto dhAducadukkassa kAraNaM jo du / so Neo paramANU pariNAmaguNo sayamasaddo | (78) For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai, vahI gaMdha kA hai, vahI rasa kA hai, vahI rUpa kA hai isalie kisI paramANu meM gaMdhaguNa, kama ho, (nikAla liyA jAya) kisI paramANu meM gaMdhaguNa aura rasaguNa kama ho, kisI paramANu meM gaMdhaguNa, rasaguNa aura rUpaguNa kama ho, to usa guNa se abhinna pradezI paramANu hI vinaSTa ho jaayegaa| isalie kisI bhI guNa kI nyUnatA yukta (ucita) nahIM hai| isalie pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu rUpa cAra dhAtuoM kA, pariNAma ke kAraNa eka hI paramANu kAraNa hai kyoMki vicitra aisA paramANu kA pariNAma guNa kahIM kisI guNa kI vyaktAvyakta dvArA vicitra pariNati ko dhAraNa karatA hai| ___ aura jisa prakAra paramANu meM pariNAma ke kAraNa avyakta gaMdhAdi guNa haiM aisA jJAta hotA hai usI prakAra zabda bhI avyakta hai aisA nahIM jAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki eka-pradezI paramANu ko anekapradezAtmaka zabda ke sAtha ekatva hone se virodha hai| ___ anAdikarmoM ke udaya ke vaza se jo una jIvoM ne pRthvI, jala, agni tathA vAyu nAma ke zarIra grahaNa kara rakkhe haiM una zarIroM ke tathA una jIvoM ne grahaNa kiye hue pRthvI, jala, agni va vAyukAya ke skaMdho ke upAdAna kAraNa paramANu haiM isase ye paramANu cAra dhAtuoM ke kAraNa haiN| Nicco NANavakAso Na sAvakAso pedasado bhedaa| khaMdhANaM pi ya kattA pavihattA kaalsNkkhaannN||(80) jo paramANu hai vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA jo ki rUpAdiguNa sAmAnyavAlA hai usake dvArA sadaiva avinAzI hone se nitya hai, vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA usase (pradeza se) abhinna astitva vAle sparzAdi guNoM ko avakAza detA hai isalie anavakAza nahIM hai, vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA (usameM) dvi-Adi pradezoM kA abhAva hone se, svayaM hI Adi, svayaM hI madhya aura svayaM hI anta hone ke kAraNa (arthAt niraMza hone ke kAraNa) sAvakAza nahIM hai, vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA skandhoM ke bheda kA nimitta hone se skandhoM kA bhedana karane vAlA hai, vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA skandha ke saMghAta kA nimitta hone se skandhoM kA bheda na karane vAlA hai, vaha vAstava meM eka 315 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pradeza dvArA skandha ke saMghAta kA nimitta hone se skandhoM kA kartA hai, vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA jo ki eka AkAza pradeza kA atikramaNa karane vAle (lAMghane vAle) apane gati pariNAma ko prApta hotA hai usake dvArA 'samaya' nAmaka kAla kA vibhAga karatA hai isaliye kAla kA vibhAjaka hai| vaha vAstava meM eka pradeza dvArA saMkhyA kA bhI vibhAjaka hai, kyoMki (1) vaha eka pradeza dvArA, usase, race jAne vAle do Adi bhedoM pUrvaka dravya saMkhyA kA vibhAga skandhoM meM karatA hai (2) vaha eka pradeza dvArA, usake jitanI maryAdA vAle eka AkAza pradeza pUrvaka kSetra saMkhyA ke vibhAga karatA hai, (3) vaha eka pradeza dvArA eka AkAza pradeza kA atikrama karane vAle usa gati pariNAma jitanI maryAdA vAle samaya pUrvaka kA kAla saMkhyA kA vibhAga karatA hai, (4) vaha eka pradeza dvArA, usameM vivarttana pAne vAle (parivartita, pariNamita) jaghanya varNAdika bhAva ko jAnane vAlA jJAna pUrvaka bhAva saMkhyA kA vibhAga karatA hai isa kAraNa vaha saMkhyA kA vibhAjana karane vAlA bhI hai| (1) vibhAjaka- vibhAga karane vAlA mApane vaalaa| skandhoM meM dravya saMkhyA kA mApa (arthAt ve kitane aNuoM-paramANuoM se bane haiM aisA mApa) karane meM aNuoM kI paramANuoM kI apekSA AtI hai, arthAt vaisA mApa paramANu dvArA hotA hai| kSetra ke mApa kA ekaka (ekam) 'AkAza pradeza' hai aura AkAza pradeza kI vyAkhyA meM paramANu kI apekSA AtI hai, isaliye kSetra kA mApa bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai| kAla ke mApa kA ekaka 'samaya' hai aura samaya kI vyAkhyA meM paramANu kI apekSA AtA hai, isalie kAla kA mApa bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai| jJAna bhAva ke (jJAna paryAya ke) mApa kA ekaka "paramANu meM pariNamita jaghanya varNAdi bhAva ko jAne utanA jJAna" hai aura usameM paramANu kI apekSA AtI hai, isaliye bhAva kA (jJAna bhAva kA) mApa bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai| isa prakAra paramANu dravya, kSetra kAla aura bhAva kA mApa karane ke lie gaja samAna hai|) (2) eka paramANu pradeza barAbara AkAza ke bhAga ko (kSetra ko) 'AkAza pradeza' kahA jAtA hai| vaha 'AkAza pradeza kSetra kA 'ekaka' hai| ginatI ke lie, kisI vastu ke jitane parimANa ko eka mApa mAnA jAye, utane pariNAma 316 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ko usa vastu kA ekaka kahA jAtA hai| (3) paramANu ko eka AkAza pradeza se dUsare anantara (uttaravartI) AkAza pradeza meM (maMda gati se) jAte hue jo kAla lagatA hai use 'samaya' kahA jAtA hai| eyarasavaNNagaMdhaM do phAsaM sddkaarnnmsdN| khaMdhataridaM davvaM paramANuM taM viyANAhi // (81) paramANu meM tIkhA, caraparA, kasAyalA, khaTTA, mIThA ina pAMca rasoM meM se eka kAla meM eka rasa rahatA hai| zukla, pIta, rakta, kAlA, nIlA ina pAMca vargoM meM se eka varNa eka kAla meM rahatA hai| sugandha, durgaMdha do prakAra gandha paryAyoM meM se eka koI gandha eka kAla meM rahatI hai| zIta va uSNa sparzoM meM eka koI sparza tathA snigdha rUkSa sparzo meM eka koI sparza aise do sparza eka kAla meM rahate haiN| 'paramANu' zabda kA kAraNa rUpa hokara bhI eka pradezI hone se zabda kI pragaTatA nahIM karane se azabda hai va jo Upara kahe hue varNAdi guNa va zabda Adi paryAya sahita skandha haiM usase bhinna dravyarUpa paramANu hai| jaise-paramAtmA vyavahAra se dravya karma aura bhAvakarma ke bhItara rahatA huA bhI nizcaya se zuddha buddha eka svabhAva rUpa hI hai taise paramANu bhI vyavahAra se skandhoM ke bhItara rahatA huA bhI nizcaya se skandha se bAhara zuddha dravya rUpa hI hai| athavA skaMdhAtaMritakA artha hai ki skandha se pahale se hI bhinna hai| skandhoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhedasaMghAtebhya utpdynte| (26) Molecules are formed in three different ways(1) By Bheda (division) (2) By Sanghata (union or sharing), and (3) By the combined process of division and union taking place simultaneously. bheda se, saMghAta se tathA bheda aura saMghAta donoM se skandha utpanna hote hai| bheda = saMdhAtoM (mile hue padArthoM) kA do kAraNoM se vidAraNa honA bheda hai| bAhya (nimitta) abhyantara (upAdAna) kAraNoM ke kAraNa saMghaTita skandhoM 317 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA vidAraNa karanA pRthak-pRthak karanA bheda kahA jAtA hai| saMghAta vivikta (alaga-alaga) skandhoM ko saMghaTita karanA saMghAta hai| pRthak-pRthak padArthoM kA baMdha hokara eka ho jAnA saMghAta kahalAtA hai| prazna - bheda aura saMghAta ye do hone se isa sUtra meM (bheda saMghAtAbhyAM) do vacana honA cAhie, bahuvacana nahIM ? uttara - aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai- kyoMki sUtra meM bahuvacana dene se jJAta hotA hai ki bhedapUrvaka saMghAta arthAt bheda-saMghAta bhI skandha kI utpatti kA svataMtra kAraNa hai, isalie bahuvacana se bheda ke sAtha saMghAta kA grahaNa hotA hai| ata: bhedasaMghAta rUpa kAraNoM se skandha utpanna hote haiN| yaha artha phalita ho jAtA hai| jaise do paramANuoM ke saMghAta se do pradezI skandha utpanna ho jAtA hai| dvipradezI skandha tathA eka paramANu ke saMghAta se yA tInoM paramANuoM se saMghAta se tripradezI skandha utpanna hotA hai| do dvipradezI, eka tripradezI aura eka aNu, yA cAra aNuoM ke sambandha se eka catuSpradezI skandha utpanna hotA hai| isa prakAra saMkhyeya, asaMkhyeya aura ananta pradezoM ke saMghAta se saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza vAle skandha utpanna hote haiN| jisa prakAra do Adi pradezoM ke saMghAta se skandha utpanna hote haiM, usI prakAra bheda se bhI skandha utpanna hote haiM- jaise tIna pradeza vAle skandha se eka aNu nikala jAne para do pradeza vAlA skandha utpanna hotA hai, pA~ca pradezI yA cAra pradezI skandha se do pradeza yA eka aNu kA bheda ho jAne se tIna pradezI skandha utpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra eka hI samaya meM bheda aura saMghAta se skandha utpanna hote haiM, jaise cAra pradezI meM se do pradeza kA bheda ho gayA aura usI samaya eka paramANu kA saMghAta ho gayA to tripradezI skandha kI utpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra kisI ke saMghAta se skandha utpanna hote haiN| aNu kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhedaadnnuH| (27) bhedAt annurutpdyte| 318 For Personal & Private Use Only

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The ultimate elementary particles (atom) are produced only by division of matter. bheda se aNu utpanna hotA hai| 'bhedasaMghAtebhya utpadyante' isa sUtra ke sAmarthya se skandha kI utpatti sUcita hone se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki aNu bheda se utpanna hotA hai, phira bhI isa sUtra (bhedAdaNuH ) kI racanA se yaha avadhAraNA kiyA jAtA hai ki aNu bheda se hI utpanna hotA hai, bheda, saMghAta aura bheda-saMghAta se skandha utpanna hotA hai, aisA kahane para aNu bheda se utpanna hotA hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai tathApi puna: 'bhedAdaNuH' yaha isa avadhAraNA ke lie banAyA gayA hai ki aNu kI utpatti bheda se hI hotI hai, na saMghAta se hotI hai aura na bheda-saMghAta se| cAkSuSa ( dekhane yogya - sthUla) skandha kI utpatti bhedasaMghAtAbhyAM cAkSuSaH / ( 28 ) Molecules are sometimes produced by the combind action of division and union which can be seen with the eyes. bheda aura saMghAta se cAkSuSa skandha banatA hai / saMghAta se hI skandhoM kI utpatti kI siddhi ho jAne para bhedasaMghAta kA grahaNa karanA niSprayojana hai, aisA kahane para bhedasaMghAta ke grahaNa ke prayojana kA pratipAdana karane ke lie khaa| anantAnanta paramANuoM se utpanna hokara bhI koI skandha cAkSuSa hotA hai tathA koI acAkSuSa / jo unameM acAkSuSa (cakSu - indriya kA viSaya nahIM ) hai vaha skandha cAkSuSa ( cakSu indriya kA viSaya ) kaise ho sakatA hai| ? bheda aura saMghAta se acAkSuSa skandha cakSu indriya kA viSaya banatA hai, kevala bheda se skandha cAkSuSa nahIM banatA / prazna- isakI utpatti kaise hotI hai ? For Personal & Private Use Only 319

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samAdhAna - sUkSma skandha se kucha aMza kA bheda hone para bhI yadi usane sUkSmatA kA parityAga nahIM kiyA hai to vaha skandha acAkSuSa kA acAkSuSa hI banA rahatA hai| sUkSma pariNata punaH dusarA skandha usakA bheda hone para bhI anya ke saMghAta se sUkSmatA kA parityAga karake sthUlatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai taba cAkSuSa ho jAtA hai arthAt A~kho se dikhane laga jAtA hai| dravya kA lakSaNa sadddravya lkssnnm| (29) The differentia of a substance or Reality is sat, isness or being.. dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai - yaha vizva zAzvatika hai| kyoMki isa vizva meM sthita samasta dravya bhI zAzvatika haiN| Adhunika vijJAna meM bhI siddha ho gayA ki, zakti yA mAtrA kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM hotI hai parantu parivartana hokara anya rUpa ho jAtI hai| vijJAna meM kahA bhI hai Matter and energy neither be created nor destroyed. Each can be completely changed into another form or into one another. vijJAna ke mUlabhUta siddhAnta haiM ki kisI naI vastu kI sRSTi nahIM hotI hai evaM koI vastu sampUrNa rUpa se naSTa nahIM hotii| kevala usake AkAra aura paryAya meM parivartana hotA hai| daviyadi gacchati tAI tAI sabbhAva pajjayAI jaM / daviyaM taM bhaNNaMte aNaNNabhUdaM tu sattAdo // (9) paMcAstikAya What flows or maintains its identity through its several qualities and modifications, and what is not different from satta or substance, that is called dravya by the all knowing. 320 una-una sadbhAvaparyAyoM ko jo dravita hotA hai- prApta hotA hai, use dravya kahate haiM- jo ki sattA se ananyabhUta hai / For Personal & Private Use Only

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davvaM sallakkhaNayaM uppAdavyayadhuvattasaMjuttaM / - guNapajjayAsayaM vA jaM taM bhaNNaMti savvaNhU // ( 10 ) Whatever has substantiality, has the dialectical triad of birth, death and permanence, and is the substratum of qualities and modes, is Dravya. So say the all-knowing. jo sat lakSaNa vAlA hai, jo utpAdavyaya dhrauvya saMyukta hai athavA jo guNaparyAyoM ko Azraya- AdhAra hai, use sarvajJa bhagavAna dravya kahate haiM / pravacana sAra meM bhI kundakunda deva ne kahA hai sambhAvo hi sahAvo guNehiM sagapajjaehiM cittehiM / savvakAlaM uppAdavvayadhuvattehiM / / (96) davvassa ( pravacanasAra, pR. 227 ) prakAra ke guNa tathA aneka prakAra kI apanI paryAyoM se aura utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya se sarvakAla meM dravya kA jo astitva hai vaha vAstava meM svabhAva hai| astitva vAstava meM dravya kA svabhAva hai, aura vaha (astitva) (1) anya sAdhana se nirapekSa hone ke kAraNa se (2) anAdi - ananta, ahetuka, ekarUpa vRtti se sadA hI pravRtta hone ke kAraNa se, (3) vibhAva dharma se vilakSaNa hone se, (4) bhAva aura bhAvavAnatA ke bhAva se anekatva hone para bhI pradezabheda na hone se, dravya ke sAtha ekatva ko dhAraNa karatA huA dravya kA svabhAva hI kyoM na ho ? (avazya hove) vaha astitva, jaise bhinna-bhinna dravyoM meM pratyeka meM samApta nahIM ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra dravya guNa aura paryAya eka-dUsare se paraspara siddha hote haiM, - yadi eka na ho to dUsare do bhI siddha nahIM hote, (isalie) unakA astitva eka hI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 321

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iha vivihalakkhaNANaM lakkhaNamegaM saditti svvgyN| uvadisadA khalu dhammaM jiNavaravasaheNa paNNattaM // (97) dharma kA upadeza karane vAle jinavara vRSabha ke dvArA isa vizva meM vividha lakSaNa vAle dravyoM kA vAstava meM 'sat' aisA sarvagata (saba meM vyApane vAle) eka lakSaNa kahA gayA hai| vAstava meM isa vizva meM, vicitratA ko vistArita karate hue (vividhatA anekatva ko dikhAte hue), anya dravyoM se vyAvRtta (bhinna) rahakara vartamAna, aura pratyeka dravya kI sImA ko bA~dhate hue, aise vizeSa lakSaNabhUta svarUpAstitva se lakSita bhI sarva dravyoM kI, vicitratA ke vistAra ko asta karatA huA, sarva dravyoM meM pravRtta hokara rahane vAlA, aura pratyeka dravya kI baMdhI huI sImA ko bhedatA (tor3atA) huA, 'sat' aisA jo sarvagata sAmAnya lakSaNabhUta eka sAdRzyAstitva hai, vaha hI vAstava meM eka hI jAnane yogya hai| isa prakAra 'sat' aisA kathana aura 'sat' aisA jJAna sarva padArthoM kA parAmarza (sparza grahaNa karane vAlA hai| yadi vaha aisA (sarva padArtha parAmarzI) na ho to koI padArtha sat, koI asat, aura koI avAcya honA cAhie, kintu vaha to niSiddha hI hai, aura yaha (sat, aisA kathana aura jJAna ke sarva padArtha parAmarzI hone kI bAta) to siddha ho sakatI hai| davvaM sahAvasiddhaM saditi jiNA taccado smkkhaadaa|(98) dravya svabhAva se hI siddha aura svabhAva se hI 'sat' hai, aisA jinendra deva ne yathArthata: kahA hai, isa prakAra Agama se siddha hai| ___ vAstava meM dravyoM se dravyAntaroM kI utpatti nahIM hotI, kyoMki sarva dravyoM ke svabhAvasiddhapanA hai (sarva dravya, para-dravya kI apekSA binA, apane svabhAva se hI siddha hai) unakI svabhAvasiddhatA to unakI anAdinidhanatA hai, kyoMki anAdinidhana anya sAdhana kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| vaha (dravya) guNaparyAyAtmaka apane svabhAva ko hI jo ki mUlasAdhana hai, dhAraNa karake svayameva siddha aura siddhi vAlA huA vartatA hai| jo dravyoM meM utpanna hotA hai vaha to dravyAntara nahIM hai, (kintu) kadAcit arthAt kathaMcit (anityatA) ke hone se vaha paryAya 322 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai, jaise- dviaNuka ityAdi tathA manuSya ityAdivya to anavadhi (maryAdA rahita) trisamaya avasthAyI (trikAlasthAyI). hai, (isaliye) vaisA ( kAdAcitka-kSaNika - anitya) nahIM hai| Na havadi jadi saddavvaM asadhuvvaM havadi taM kahaM davvaM / havadi guNo aNNaM vA tamhA davvaM sayaM sattA || (105) yadi dravya svarUpa se hI sat na ho to nizcita asat hogA, jo asat hogA vaha dravya kaise ho sakatA hai ? ( arthAt nahIM ho sakatA) athavA yadi asat na ho to vaha sattA se anya pRthak hogA ? so bhI kaise ho sakatA hai ? isaliye dravya svayaM hI sattA rUpa hai| yadi dravya svarUpa se hI sat na ho to usakI do gati yaha hogI ki vaha (1) asat hogA athavA ( 2 ) sattA se pRthaka hogaa| unameM se yadi asat hogA to dhrauvya ke asambhava hone se svayaM ko sthira na rakhatA huA dravya hI lopa ho jAyegA, aura yadi sattA se pRthak hogA to sattA ke binA bhI apanI sattA rakhatA huA, itane dravya kI sattA rakhane mAtra prayojana vAlI sattA kA lopa kara degaa| svarUpa se hI sat hotA huA ( 1 ) dhrauvya ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa svayaM ko sthira rakhatA huA, dravya udita hotA hai ( arthAt siddha hotA hai), aura ( 2 ) sattA se pRthak rahakara ( dravya) svayaM ko sthira ( vidyamAna ) rakhatA huA, itane hI mAtra prayojana vAlI sattA ko udita (siddha) karatA hai| isalie dravya svayaM hI satva (sattA) rUpa se svIkAra karanA caahie| kyoMki bhAva aura bhAvavAna ( dravya) kA apRthaktva dvArA anyatva hai pradeza bheda na hote hue saMjJA-saMkhyA lakSaNa Adi dvArA anyatva hai| pavibhattapadesattaM pudhattamidi sAsaNaM hi aNNattamatabbhAvo Na tabbhavaM hodi jisameM pradezoM kI apekSA panta bhinnatA ho vaha pRthaktva hai| aise zrI mahAvIra bhagavAn kI AjJA hai / svarUpa kI ekatA kA na honA anyatva hai| sattA aura dravya eka svarUpa nahIM haiM taba kisa taraha donoM eka ho sakate vIrassa / kadhamegaM || (106) For Personal & Private Use Only 323

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haiM? jahA~ pradezoM kI apekSA eka dUsare se atyanta pRthakpanA ho arthAt pradeza bhinna bhinna ho jaise daNDa aura daNDI meM bhinnatA hai| isako pRthakatva nAma kA bheda kahate haiN| isa taraha pRthaktva yA bhinnapanA zuddha Atmadravya kI zuddha-sattA guNa ke sAtha nahIM siddha hotA hai kyoMki inake paraspara pradeza bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| jo dravya ke pradeza haiM ve hI sattA ke pradeza haiM-jaise zukla vastra aura zukla guNa kA svarUpa bheda hai parantu pradeza bheda nahIM hai aise guNI aura guNa ke pradeza bhinna-bhinna nahIM hote| aise zrI vIra nAma ke aMtima tIrthaGkara paramadeva kI AjJA hai| jahA~ saMjJA lakSaNa prayojana Adi se paraspara svarUpa kI ekatA nahIM hai vahAM anyatva nAma kA bheda hai aisA anyatva yA bhinnapanA muktAtmA dravya aura usake zuddha sattA guNa meM hai| yadi koI kahe ki jaise sattA aura dravya meM pradezoM kI apekSA abheda hai vaise saMjJAdi lakSaNa rUpa se bhI abheda ho aisA mAnane se kyA doSa hogA? isakA samAdhAna karate haiM ki aisA vastu svarUpa nahIM hai| vaha muktAtmA dravya zuddha apane sattA guNa ke sAtha pradezoM kI apekSA abheda hote hue bhI saMjJA Adi ke dvArA sattA aura dravya tanmayI nahIM hai| tanmaya honA hI nizcaya se ekatA kA lakSaNa hai kintu saMjJAdi rUpa se ekatA kA abhAva hai| sattA aura dravya meM nAnApanA hai| jaise yahA~ muktAtmA dravya meM pradeza ke abheda hone para bhI saMjJAdirUpa se nAnApanA kahA gayA hai, taise hI sarva dravyoM kA apane-apane svarUpa sattA guNa ke sAtha nAnApanA jAnanA cAhiye, aisA artha hai| sat kA lakSaNa ___ utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM st| (30) Sat (is a) simultaneous possession (of) utpAda- Coming into existence birth. vyaya- Going out of existence, decay, and dhrauvya- continuous sameness of existence, permanence. jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ina tInoM se yukta arthAt ina tInoM rUpa hai vaha sat hai| dravya sat svarUpa hai sat svarUpa hone ke kAraNa dravya anAdi se hai tathA anta taka rhegaa| tathApi yaha sat aparivartana nahIM hai, balki nitya parivartanazIla 324 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| nitya parivartanazIla hote hue bhI isakA nAza nahIM hotA hai isaliye utpAda, vyaya dhrauvya kA sadA sadbhAva hotA hai isaliye ye sadA sat svarUpa hI rahate haiN| utpAda - svajAti ko na chor3ate hue bhAvAntara ( paryAyAntara) kI prApti utpAda hai| cetana yA acetana dravya kA svajAti ko na chor3ate hue bhI jo paryAyAntara kI prApti hai vaha utpAda hai| jaise- mRtpiNDa meM ghaTa paryAya arthAt miTTI jaiseapane miTTI svabhAva ko chor3akara ghaTa paryAya se utpanna hotI hai| vaha ghaTa usakA utpAda hai| usI prakAra jIva yA pudgalAdi ajIva padArtha apane svabhAva ko na chor3akara paryAyAntara se pariNamana karate haiM / vyaya - usI prakAra svajAti ko na choDate hue pUrva paryAya ke vinAza ko vyaya kahate haiN| svajAti ko na chor3ate hue cetana vA acetana padArtha kI pUrva paryAya kA jo nAza hotA hai, vaha 'vyaya' hai| jaise ki ghaTa kI utpatti hone para miTTI ke piNDAkAra kA nAza hotA hai| dhrauvya- dhruva sthairya karma kA sthira rahanA dhrauvya hai / anAdi pariNAmika svabhAva se vyaya aura utpAda kA abhAva hai| arthAt anAdi pariNAmika svabhAva kI apekSA dravya kA utpAda - vyaya nahIM hotA hai, dravya dhruva rUpa se rahatA hai| arthAt sthira rahatA hai| usako dhruva kahate haiN| aura dhruva kA jo bhI bhAva yA karma hai, vaha dhrauvya kahalAtA hai| jaise ki, piNDa aura ghaTa donoM avasthAoM meM mRdupanA kA anvaya rahatA hai| Natthi viNA pariNAmaM attho atthaM viNeha pariNAmo / davvaguNa pajjayattho attho atthittaNivvatto / / (10) // pravacanasAra loka meM pariNAma ke binA padArtha nahIM hai aura padArtha ke binA pariNAma nahIM hai| dravya, guNa va paryAya meM rahane vAlA padArtha astitva se banA huA utpAdo ya viNAso vijjadi savvassa aTThajAdassa / pajjAeNa du keNavi aTTho khalu hodi sabbhUdo ||18|| For Personal & Private Use Only 325

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jaise isa loka meM zuddha svarNa ke, bAjUvanda (rUpa) paryAya se utpAda dekhA jAtA hai, pUrva avasthA rUpa se vartanevAlI aMgUThI ityAdi paryAya se vinAza : dekhA jAtA hai aura pIlApanA Adi paryAya se to donoM meM (bAjUvanda aura aMgUThI meM) utpatti vinAza ko prApta na hone vAle (suvarNa) dhrauvyatva dikhAI detA hai| . isI prakAra sarva dravyoM ke kisI paryAya se utpAda, kisI (paryAya) se vinAza (aura) kisI paryAya se dhrauvya hotA hai| aisA jAnanA caahie| apariccatta sahAveNuppAdavvayadhuvattasaMbaddhaM / guNavaM ca sapajjAyaM jaM taM davvaM ti vuccaMti // 5 // svabhAva ko chor3e binA jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya saMyukta hai tathA guNayukta aura paryAya sahita hai 'dravya' aisA kahate haiN| yahA~ (isa vizva meM) vAstava meM jo, svabhAva bheda kiye binA utpAda vyaya dhrauvya traya se aura guNa, paryAya dvaya se lakSita hotA hai| inameM se (svabhAva, utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya, guNa aura paryAya meM se) vAstava meM dravya kA svabhAva astitva sAmAnyarUpa anvaya hai, astitva ko to do prakAra kA Age kaheMge-1. svarUpa astitva, 2. sAdRzya astitv| utpAda, prAdurbhAva (pragaTa honA-utpanna honA) hai, vyaya pracyuti (naSTa honA) hai, dhrauvya, avasthiti (TikanA) hai| guNa, vistAra vizeSa haiN| ve sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hone se do prakAra ke haiN| inameM, astitva, nAstitva, ekatva, anyatva, paryAyatva, sarvagatatva, asarvagatatva, bhoktRtva, agurUlaghutva ityAdi sAmAnya guNa hai| avagAha-hetutva, gatinimittatA, sthitikAraNatva, vartanAyatanatva, rUpAdimatva, cetanatva ityAdi vizeSa guNa haiN| paryAya Ayata, vizeSa hai| dravya kA una utpAdAdi ke sAtha athavA guNa paryAyoM ke sAtha lakSya lakSaNa bheda hone para bhI svarUpa bheda nahIM hai (sattA bheda nahIM hai) svarUpa se hI dravya vaisA hone se (arthAt dravya hI svayaM utpAdAdirUpa tathA guNaparyAya rUpa pariNamana karatA hai, isa kAraNa svarUpa bheda nahIM hai|) sadavaTThidaM sahAve davvaM davvassa jo hi prinnaamo| atthesu so sahAvo ThidisaMbhavaNAsasaMbaddho / / 99 / / svabhAva meM avasthita sat dravya hai, dravya kA guNa-paryAyoM meM jo utpAdavyaya 376 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhrauvya sahita pariNAma hai vaha usakA svabhAva hai| Na bhavo bhaMgavihINo bhaMgo vA Natthi saMbhavavihINo / utpAdo vi ya bhaMgo Na viNA dhovveNa attheNa ||100|| vAstava meM utpAda, vyaya ke binA nahIM hotA aura vyaya, utpAda ke binA nahIM hotA tathA utpAda aura vyaya, sthiti ( dhrauvya) ke binA nahIM hote, aura dhrauvya, utpAda tathA vyaya ke binA nahIM hotA / nitya kA niyama tadbhAvAvyayaM nitym| ( 31 ) Parmanence means indestructibility of the essence or the quality of the substance. usake bhAva se (apanI jAti se) cyuta na honA nitya hai / jo pratyabhijJAnaM kA kAraNa hai vaha tadbhAva hai, 'vahI yaha hai' isa prakAra ke smaraNa ko 'pratyabhijJAna' kahate haiN| vaha akasmAt to hotA nahIM, isalie jo isakA kAraNa hai vahI tadbhAva hai| isakI nirUkti 'bhavanaM bhAvaH, tasya bhAvaH tadbhAva:' isa prakAra hotI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki, pahale jisarUpa vastu ko dekhA hai usI rUpa usake punaH hone se 'vahI yaha hai' isa prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna hotA hai| yadi pUrva vastu kA sarvathA nAza ho jAya yA sarvathA nayI vastu kA utpAda mAnA jAya to isase smaraNa kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI aura smaraNa kI utpatti na ho sakane se smaraNa ke AdhIna jitanA lokasaMvyavahAra cAlU haiM vaha saba virodha ko prApta hotA hai, isalie jisa vastu kA jo bhAva hai . usa rUpa se cyuta na honA tadbhAvavyaya arthAt nitya hai aisA nizcita hotA hai / parantu ise kathaMcit jAnanA caahie| yadi sarvathA nityatA mAna lI jAya to pariNamanakA sarvathA abhAva prApta hotA hai aura aisA hone se para saMsAra aura isakI nivRtti ke kAraNarUpa prakriyA kA niSedha (abhAva) prApta hotA hai| tatvArthasAra meM kahA bhI hai dravyANyetAni nityAni tabhdAvAnna vyayanti yat / pratyabhijJAnahetutvaM tabhdAvastu For Personal & Private Use Only nigadyate // ( 14 ) 327

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ye dravya nitya haiM kyoMki apane svabhAva se naSTa nahIM hote| apanA svabhAva hI pratyabhijJAna kA kAraNa kahA jAtA hai| bhAvassa Natthi NAso Natthi abhAvassa ceva uppaado| guNapajjayesu bhAvA uppAdavae pakuvvaMti // (15) (paMcAstikAya) sat dravya kA-dravyarUpa se vinAza nahIM hai, abhAvakA-asat anya dravya kA dravyarUpase utpAda nahIM hai, parantu bhAva sat dravye, sat ke vinAza aura asat ke utpAda binA hI, guNaparyAyoM meM vinAza aura utpAda karate haiN| jisa prakAra ghI kI utpatti meM gorasakA-satkA-vinAza nahIM hai tathA gorasa se bhinna padArthAntara kA asatkA-utpAda nahIM hai, kintu gorasa ko hI satkA vinAza aura asat kA utpAda kiye vinA hI, pUrva avasthAse vinAza ko prApta hone vAle aura uttara avasthA se utpanna hone vAle sparza-rasa-gaMdha-varNAdika pariNAmI guNoM meM makkhanaparyAya vinAza ko prApta hotI hai tathA ghIparyAya utpanna hotI hai, sarvabhAvoM kA bhI usI prakAra vaisA hI hai (arthAt samasta dravyoM kA navIna paryAya kI utpatti meM satkA vinAza nahIM hai tathA asatkA utpAda nahIM hai, kintu sat kA vinAza aura asatkA utpAda kiye binA hI, pahale kI (purAnI) avasthA se vinAza ko prApta hone vAle aura bAdakI (navIna) avasthA se utpanna hone vAle pariNAmI guNoM meM pahale kI paryAya kA vinAza aura bAdakI paryAya kI utpatti hotI hai|) chadavvAvaTThANaM, sarisaM tiyakAla atthpjjaaye| veMjaNapajjAye vA, milide tANaM tthidittaado||(581) avasthAna = sthiti chahoM dravyoM kI samAna hai| kyoMki trikAlasambandhI arthaparyAya vA vyaJjanaparyAya ke milane se hI unakI sthiti hotI hai| eyadaviyammi je, atthapajjayA viyaNapajjayA caavi| tIdANAgadabhUdA, tAvadiyaM taM havadi davvaM // (582) eka dravya meM jitanI trikAlasambandhI arthaparyAya aura vyaMjana paryAya haiM utanA hI dravya hai| (gommaTasAra jIvakANDam, pR.265) 328 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vastu svarupa kI siddhi arpitAnarpitasiddheH / (32) The Contradictary characteristics are established from different points of view. mukhyatA aura gauNatA kI apekSA eka vastu meM virodhI mAlUma par3ane vAle do dharmo kI siddhi hotI hai| dravya meM anaMta guNa evaM paryAya hotI haiM una anaMta guNa evaM paryAyoM kA kathana eka sAtha nahIM ho sakatA hai parantu usa dravya ko jAnanA anivArya hai kyoMki dravya ke yathArtha jJAna binA ratnatraya kI upalabdhi nahIM ho sakatI evaM ratnatraya ke binA mokSamArga nahIM ho sakatA, mokSa mArga ke binA mokSa nahIM mila sakatA, aura mokSa ke binA zAzvatika sukha nahIM mila sakatA hai| isaliye yahAM para vastu svarUpa ke yathArtha parijJAna kI sarvazreSTha vyAvahArika, dArzanika aura vaijJAnika praNAlI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dharmAntarako vivakSA se prApta prAdhAnya arpita kahalAtA hai| aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke prayojana vaza jisa dharma kI vivakSA kI jAtI hai yA vivakSita jisa dharma ko pradhAnatA milatI hai, use artharUpa ko arpita (mukhya) kahate haiM / arpita se viparIta anarpita (gauNa) hai| prayojaka ke prayojana kA ( vaktA icchA kA) abhAva hone se sat (vidyamAna ) padArtha kI bhI avivakSA ho jAtI hai, ataH upasarjanIbhUta ( gauNa) padArtha anarpita (avivakSita) kahalAtA * hai| vastu svarUpa ko jAnane kI jo gauNa - mukhya vyavasthA hai usakA vyAvahArika saTIka varNana amRtacaMda sUri ne purUSArtha siddhI. grantha meM varNana kiyA hai| yathAzlathayaMtI nAkarSa vastutattvamitareNa / aMtena jayati jainI nItirmathAnanetramiva gopI // (225) jisa prakAra gvAlina dahI ko bilotI huI eka rassI ko apanI aura khIMcatI hai dUsarI rassI ko DhIlI karatI hai / yadyapi rassI eka hone para bhI raI meM lipaTI huI rahane ke kAraNa do bhAgoM meM baMTa jAtI hai, use gopikA donoM For Personal & Private Use Only 329

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hAthoM meM pakar3akara dahI bilotI hai| jisa samaya vaha eka hAtha se eka ora kI rassI ko apanI ora khIMcatI hai, usI samaya dUsarI hAtha kI rassI ko DhIlI kara detI hai arthAt use Age bar3hA detI hai, isa prakAra paraspara eka ko khIMcane se dUsarI ko r3hIlI karane se vaha (makkhana (lonI) nikAla detI hai| yadi gvAlinI eka sAtha donoM chora ko samAna bala se khIMcatI evaM chor3atI to mathanI gatizIla nahIM banatI aura makkhana bhI nahIM nikltaa| isI prakAra vastu svarUpa ke parijJAna ke lie vivakSita viSaya ko mukhya kara diyA jAtA hai evaM avivakSita viSaya ko gauNa kiyA jAtA hai| isakA matalaba yaha nahIM ki vivakSita guNa, dharma vastu meM hai evaM avivakSita guNa, dharma vastu se pRthak . hokara lopa ho gaye hoN| isako hI jaina dharma meM nayavAda yA syAdvAda kahate haiN| Adhunika vaijJAnika yuga ke mahAmedhAvI vaijJAnika AInsTIna ne bhI isa anekAnta siddhAnta ko svIkAra kiyA hai| ve bhI mAnate haiM pratyeka vastu kA kathana sApekSa dRSTi se honA caahiye| AIMsTIna yahAM taka mAnate haiM ki, jaba taka jIva asavarsa rahegA taba taka vaha sampUrNa satya ko nahIM jAna sakatA, kevala AMzika satya ko jAna sakatA hai| isa AMzika satya ko AMzika satya mAnanA samyak hai evaM AMzika satya ko hI pUrNa satya mAna lenA mithyA hai| yathA Einstain says, "we can only know the realative truth the real truth is know only to the universal observer." AInasTIna ke sApekSavAda ke anusAra hama saba jo jAnate haiM, vaha sampUrNa satya (Absolute truth) nahIM hai, kintu sApekSika satya hai (Relative truth) -hai, sampUrNa satya sarvadarzI sarvajJa ke dvArA hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| sanmati sUtra meM siddhasena divAkara ne batAyA ki, anekAnta kevala vastu svarUpa ko pratipAdana karane vAlI dArzanika praNAlI nahIM hai parantu loka vyavahAra ko sucArU rUpa se vyavasthita karane ke lie laukika praNAlI bhI hai| jeNa viNA: logassa vi vavahAro savvahA Na nnivvddii| tassa bhuvaNekkagurUNo Namo annegNtvaayss| (69) / 330 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jisa anekAntavAda ke binA loka vyavahAra bhI nahIM calatA hai usa jagat kA ekameva gurU anekAMtavAda ko merA namaskAra ho / jaise rAmacandra eka maryAdA purUSottama the / ve lava, kuza kI apekSA pitA, dazaratha kI apekSA putra, lakSmaNa kI apekSA bar3e bhAI, sItA kI apekSA pati, janaka kI apekSA dAmAda ( jamAI), sugrIva kI apekSA mitra, rAvaNa kI apekSA zatru, hanumAna kI apekSA prabhu Adi aneka dharma se yukta the| rAma eka hote hu bhI dazaratha kI apekSA putra hote huye bhI lava kuza kI apekSA pitA rUpa virodhI guNa se yukta the| to bhI apekSA kI dRSTi se koI prakAra kA virodha nahIM hai| isI prakAra anyAnya guNa apane apane sthAna para avirUddha evaM upayukta hai / - vizeSa jJAna ke liye merA 'anekAnta darzana' kA adhyayana kreN| 100 saMkhyA 10 saMkhyA kI apekSA adhika hote hue bhI 1000 saMkhyA kI apekSA kama hai| jaise seva phala nAriyala se choTA hote huye bhI AMvale kI apekSA bar3A hai| AvaMlA seva phala se choTA hone para bhI ilAyacI kI apekSA bar3A hai| ghI nirogI ke liye zakti dAyaka hote hu bhI jvara rogI ke lie hAnikAraka hai| agni cimanI meM rahate huye upakAraka hai parantu paiTrola-TaMkI meM DAlane para apakAraka hai| agni eka hote hue bhI pAcakatva, dAhakatva, prakAzakatva Adi guNoM ke kAraNa aneka bhI haiN| yaha anekAnta mAnasika ahiMsA hai kyoMki isameM ekAntavAda, haThAgraha, pUrvAgraha nahIM hai / anekAnta siddhAMta dUsaro ke satyAMza ko bhI svIkAra karatA haiN| anekAnta kA siddhAMta hai Right is mine arthAt jo satya hai vaha merA hai| usakA dAvA yaha nahIM kI Mine is Right arthAt merA jo hai vaha satya hai| anekAMta vastu svarUpa tathA bhAvAtmaka ahiMsA hai tathA syAdvAda kathana praNAlI yA vacanAtmaka ahiMsA hai| isa anekAnta kA spaSTIkaraNa karane ke lie aura kucha sarala udAharaNa prastuta kara rahe haiN| jaise-do iMca lambI vAlI rekhA, eka iMca vAlI rekhA se lambI hai tathA tIna iMca lambI rekhA se choTI bhI hai| anAmikA aMgulI kaniSThA se bar3I hai parantu madhyamA se choTI bhI hai| isI prakAra dizA Adi meM bhI jAna lenA cAhiye jaise eka vyakti ke lie dUsarA vyakti pUrva meM hai to pahalA vyakti usake lie pazcima meM hogA / For Personal & Private Use Only 331

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paramANuoM ke bandha hone ke kAraNa snigdhruuksstvaabndhH| (33) pudgalAnAM snigdharUkSatvAd bandho bhvti| The pudgalas unite by virtue of the posperties of Snigdha (smoothness or proitive) and Ruksa (roughness or negative) associated with them. snigdhatva aura rUkSatva se bandha hotA haiN| vizva meM dRzyamAna evaM pA~coM indriyoM ke jitane dravya haiM ve saba pudgala : kI vibhinna sthUla paryAyeM haiN| ina sthUla paryAyoM kA mUlabhUta tattva paramANu hai| paramANu atyaMta sUkSma aura indriya ke agrAhya hai| taba prazna hotA hai ki pudgala kI sthUla paryAyeM, avasthAyeM kaise banI hai ? uttara hai-anaMta paramANuoM ke milane se ye avasthAyeM banI hai| punaH prazna huA ye paramANu kaise milate haiM? ina prazna kA uttara isa sUtra meM diyA ki, paramANuoM ke milana kA kAraNa snigdhatva (snehapanA, cikanAI, dhana Aveza) tathA rUkSatva (rUkhApana, RNa Aveza) hai| bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNa se jo sneha paryAya utpanna hotI hai usase pudgala snigdha kahalAtA hai| isakI vyutpati 'snihyate smeti snigdha' hogii| tathA rUkhApana ke kAraNa pudgala rUkSa kahA jAtA hai| snigdha pudgala kA dharma , snigdhatva hai aura rUkSa pudgala kA dharma rUkSatva hai| pudgala kI cikane guNarUpa, jo paryAya hai vaha snigdhatva hai aura isase viparIta pariNamana hai vaha rUkSatva hai| snigdha aura rUkSa guNavAle do paramANuoM kA paraspara saMzleSalakSaNa bandha hone para dviaNuka nAma kA skandha banatA hai| isI prakAra saMkhyAta, asaMkhyA aura ananta pradeza vAle skandha utpanna hote haiN| snigdha guNa ke eka, do, tIna cAra saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta bheda haiN| aura ina guNa vAle paramANu hote haiN| jisa prakAra jala tathA bakarI, gAya, bhaiMsa aura UMTa ke dUdha aura ghii| uttarottara adhika adhika rUpa se sneha guNa rahatA hai tathA pAMzu, kaNikA aura zarkarA Adi meM uttarottara nyUnarUpa se rUkSa guNa rahatA hai usI prakAra paramANuoM meM bhI nyUnAdhika rUpa se snigdha aura rUkSa guNa kA anumAna hotA hai| nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTasAra meM kahA hai 332 For Personal & Private Use Only

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avibhAgI pudgala paramANu skandha rUpa meM kisa taraha pariNata hote haiM, isakA kAraNa NiddhattaM lukkhataM baMdhasya ya kAraNaM tu eyaadi| saMkhejjAsakhejjANaMtavihANiddhaguNakkhaguNA // (609) bandha kA kAraNa snigdhatva aura rUkSatva hai| isa snigdhatva yA rUkSatva guNa ke eka se lekara saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta ananta bheda haiN| ___eka kisI guNavizeSa kI snigdhatva aura rUkSatva ye do paryAya haiN| ye hI bandha ke kAraNa haiN| ina paryAyoMke avibhAgapraticchedoM kI (zakti ke niraMza aMza) apekSA eka se lekara saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta ananta bheda haiN| jaise snigdha paryAya ke eka aMza do aMza tIna aMza ityAdi eka se lekara saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta anaMta aMza hote haiM aura inhIM kI apekSA eka se lekara anaMta taka bheda hote haiM usa hI taraha rUkSatva paryAya ke eka se lekara saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, anaMta aMzoM kI apekSA eka se lekara ananta taka bheda hote haiM athavA bandha kama se kama do paramANuoM meM hotA hai| so ye donoM paramANu snigdha hoM athavA rUkSa hoM yA eka snigdha eka rUkSa ho parantu bandha ho sakatA hai| jisa taraha do paramANuoM meM bandha hotA hai usa hI taraha saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta ananta paramANuoM meM bhI bandha ho sakatA hai, kyoMki bandha kA kAraNa snigdharUkSatva hai| egaguNaM tu jahaNNaM NiddhattaM viguNatiguNasaMkhejjA' saMkhejjANaMtaguNaM, hodi tahA rUkkhabhAvaM c||(610) snigdhatva kA jo eka niraMza aMza hai usako hI jaghanya kahate haiN| isake Age snigdhatva ke do tIna Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, ananta aMzarUpa bheda hote haiN| isa hI taraha rUkSatva ke bhI eka aMza ko jaghanya kahate haiM aura isake Age bhI, do tIna Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, ananta aMzarUpa bheda hote haiN| evaM guNasaMjuttA, paramANU AdivaggaNammi tthiyaa| joggadugANaM baMdhe, doNhaM baMdho have nniymaa||(611) isa prakAra ke snigdha yA rUkSa guNa se yukta paramANu aNuvargaNA meM hI 333 For Personal & Private Use Only

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haiN| isake Age do Adi paramANuoM kA bandha hotA hai, parantu yaha do kA bandha bhI taba hI hotA hai jabaki donoM niyama se bandha ke yogya ho| na jghnygunnaanaam| (34) na jaghanya guNAnAM paramANUnAM bandho bhvti| (There is) no (Union of Atoms) with an atom with the minimum degree (of smoothness or roughness to form a molecule. jaghanya guNa vAle pudgaloM kA bandha nahIM hotaa| yahA~ 'jaghanya' zabda kA artha nikRSTa hai aura guNa zabda kA artha bhAga hai| jinameM jaghanya guNa hotA hai arthAt jinakA zaktyaMza nikRSTa hotA hai ve jaghanya guNavAle kahalAte haiN| una jaghanya guNavAloM kA bandha nahIM hotaa| yathA-eka snigdha zaktyaMzavAle kA eka snigdha zaktyaMzavAle ke sAtha yA do se lekara saMkhyAt, asaMkhyAta aura ananta zaktyaMzavAloM ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| usI prakAra eka snigdha zaktyaMzavAle kA eka rUkSa zaktyaMzavAle ke sAtha do se lekara saMkhyAt, asaMkhyAta aura ananta rUkSazaktyaMzavAloM ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| usI prakAra eka rUkSa zaktyaMzavAle kI bhI yojanA karanI caahie| guNasAmye sdRshaanaam| (35) na guNasAmye snigdharUkSatvAnAm sadRzAnAM paramANUnAM bandho bhvti| (Atoms) with equal degree (of smoothness or roughness) of the (condition i.e., smoothness or roughness, cannot unite with an atom of their own or the opposite condition.) samAna zaktyaMza hone para tulya jAti vAloM kA bandha nahIM hotaa| tulya (samAna) jAti vAloM kA jJAna karAne ke lie sadRza pada ko grahaNa kiyA haiN| jaise-snigdha-snigdha tulya jAti haiN| tulya zaktyAMzoM kA jJAna karAne ke lie 'guNasAmya' pada ko grahaNa kiyA hai| jaise-2 guNa zaktyaMza-2 guNa zaktyaMza guNasAmya hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki, do snigdha zaktyaMzavAloM kA do rUkSa zakatyaMzavAloM ke sAtha, tIna snigdha zaktyaMzavAloM kA tIna rUkSa zaktyaMza vAloM ke sAtha, do snigdha zaktyaMza vAloM kA do snigdha zaktyaMza vAloM ke 334 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAtha, do rUkSa zaktyaMza vAloM kA do snigdha zaktyaMza vAloM ke sAtha, do rUkSa zaktyaMza vAloM kA do rUkSa zaktyaMza vAloM ke sAtha baMdha nahIM hotA / isI prakAra anyatra bhI jAnanA caahie| prazna uttara - * yadi aisA hai to sUtra meM 'sadRza' pada kisalie grahaNa kiyA hai ? - guNoM kI viSamatA hone para sadRzoM (snigdha-snigdha yA rUkSa - rUkSoM) kA bandha ho sakatA hai, isa bAta ko batAne ke liye sadRza zabda kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| arthAt sadRza grahaNa kA yaha prayojana hai ki, guNa vaiSamya hone para visadRzoM kA bandha to hotA hI hai parasadRzoM kA bhI bandha hotA hai| Nidhdassa NidhdeNa durAhieNa, lukkhassa lukkheNa durAhieNa / dhdisya lukkheNa havejja baMdho, jahaNNavajje visame same, vA / (615) jIvakANDa " sneha (snigdha) kA do guNa adhika vAle sneha se yA rUkSa se, rUkSa kA do adhika guNa vAle rUkSa yA snigdha se baMdha hotA hai / jaghanya guNa vAle kA kisI bhI taraha baMdha nahIM ho sktaa| do guNa adhika vAle sama (do, cAra, chaha Adi kA) aura viSaya guNa vAle ( tIna, pAMca, sAta Adi) kA baMdha hotA hai| " bandha kinakA hotA hai yadhikAdiguNAnAM tu / ( 36 ) dvi adhika AdiguNAnAM sadRzAnAm bisadRzAnAm paramANUnAM paraspareNa bandhastu bhavati / A positive or a negative elementary particle combines with another of a similar or a dissimilar type if they differ in their degrees of Snigahatva or Ruksatva by two units. do adhika Adi zaktyazaM vAloM kA to bandha hotA hai| isa adhyAya ke 33 veM sUtra se baMdha prakaraNa cala rahA hai| baMdha ke lie For Personal & Private Use Only 337

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snigdha aura rUkSatva guNa caahiye| parantu pratyeka snigdhatva evaM rUkSatva aMza meM baMdha nahIM hotA hai usake lie kucha vizeSa niyama hai| vaha niyama yaha hai ki, kisI bhI jaghanya guNa kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai samAna guNoM kA samAna jAti ke sAtha bhI baMdha nahIM hotA hai| taba prazna hotA hai ki kisa aMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha kisakA baMdha hotA hai ? isa prazna kA uttara isa sUtra meM diyA gayA hai, yathA-kama se kama do guNa vAle snigdha yA rUkSa ke sAtha do adhika arthAt cAra guNa vAle snigdha rUkSa ke sAtha baMdha hotA hai| isakA khulAsA nimna prakAra jisameM do zaktyaMza adhika ho use dvayadhika kahate haiN| . zaMkA - vaha dUyadhika kauna huA ? samAdhAna - cAra shktyNshvaalaa| sUtra meM Adi zabda prakAra vAcI hai| zaMkA - vaha prakAra rUpa artha kyA hai ? samAdhAna - duuydhikpnaa| isase pA~ca zaktyaMza Adi kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| tathA isameM yaha bhI tAtparya nikala AtA hai ki samAnajAtIya yA asamAna jAtIya do adhika Adi zaktyaMza vAloM kA bandha hotA hai, dUsaroM kA nhiiN| jaise do snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA eka snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha, do snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha aura tIna snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| hA~, cAra snigdha zakatyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha avazya bandha hotA hai| tathA usI do snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA pA~ca snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra tIna snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA pA~ca snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha hotA hai| kintu Age-pIche ke zeSa snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| cAra snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA chaha snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha hotA hai kintu Age-pIche ke zeSa snigdha zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra yaha krama Age bhI jAnanA caahiye| tathA do rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA eka, do aura tIna rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| ne 332 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hA~, cAra rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha avazya bandha hotA hai| usI do rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANu kA Age ke pA~ca Adi rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANuoM ke sAtha bandha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra tIna Adi rUkSa zaktyaMza vAle paramANuoM kA bhI do adhika zakatyaMza vAle paramANuoM ke sAtha bandha jAna lenA caahiye| samAnajAtIya paramANuoM meM bandha kA jo krama batalAyA hai vijAtIya paramANuoM meM bhI bandha kA vahI krama jAnanA caahiye| kahA bhI hai"Niddhasya NiddheNa durAhieNa lukkhassa lukkheNa duraahienn| Niddhasya lukkheNa havejja baMdho jahaNNavajje visame same vaa"| (jIvakANDa gA. 615) snigdha kA do adhika zaktyaMza vAle snigdha ke sAtha bandha hotA hai| rUkSa kA do adhika zaktyaMza vAle rUkSa ke sAtha bandha hotA hai| tathA snigdha kA rUkSa ke sAtha sama yA viSama guNoM ke hone para isI niyama se bandha hotA hai| kintu jaghanya zaktyaMza vAle kA bandha sarvathA varjanIya hai| .. bandhe'dhikau pariNAmikau c| (37) bandhe adhikaguNau pudgalau paramANU vA skandhau pariNAmikau ca bhvtH| In the process of union an elementary particle, an atom or a moleculo with a higher degree of Snigdhatva or Ruksatva absorbs the one with a lower degree into itself. bandha ke samaya do adhika guNa vAlA pariNamana karAne vAlA hotA hai| . baMdha hone para adhika guNa vAlA nyUna guNa vAle ko apane rUpa meM pariNamana karA letA hai| gIle gur3a kI taraha avasthAntara (paryAyAntara) utpanna karanA pariNAmakatva hai| jaise adhika madhura rasa vAlA gIlA gur3a apane meM girI huI dhUli Adi ko madhura rasa vAlA banAne meM dhUli kA pariNAmaka hai, usI prakAra anya bhI adhika guNa vAle paramANu nyUna guNa vAle paramANuoM ke pariNAmaka hote haiN| arthAt do guNa snigdha vA rUkSa vAle paramANuoM ko cAra guNa vAle snigdha yA rUkSa 337 For Personal & Private Use Only

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guNa vAle paramANu pariNAmaka hote haiM (apane svarUpa arthAt apane rUpa karane . vAle hote haiM) ata: pUrva avasthA ke nAzapUrvaka eka tRtIya avasthAntara kI utpatti hotI hai taba eka skandha utpanna hotA hai| arthAt do guNa vAlI aura cAra guNa vAlI jo do avasthAe~ thIM unakA vyaya hokara tIsarI chaha guNa avasthA vAlA skandha utpanna ho jAtA hai| anyathA zveta aura kRSNa dhAge kA saMyoga hone para apariNAmakatA hone se jaise ve dhAge jude-jude rahate haiM, vaise paramANu pRthak-pRthak rakhe rheNge| parantu jahA~ pariNAmakatA hai vahA~ paraspara saMzleSa hone para sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNAdi meM parivartana ho jAtA hai, avasthAntara bhAva ho jAtA hai| jaise-zukla aura pIta raMga ke milane para harA raMga utpanna hotA hai| . . . dravya kA lakSaNa guNaparyayavad drvym| (38) Substance is possessed of attributes and modifications. gaNa aura paryAya vAlA dravya hai| dravya, guNa aura paryAyoM kA eka akhaNDa piNDa svarUpa hai| guNa ko sAmAnya, utsarga, anvaya bhI kahate haiM paryAya ko vizeSa bheda bhI kahate haiN| aise sAmAnya aura vizeSa se sahita dravya hotA hai| paMcAstikAya meM kahA bhI pajjayavijudaM davvaM davvavijutta ya pajjayA nntthi| doNhaM aNaNNabhUdaM bhAvaM samaNA pruuviNti||(12) paryAyoM se rahita dravya aura dravyarahita paryAyeM nahIM hotI hai| donoM kA ananyabhAva zramaNa prarUpita karate haiN| jisa prakAra dUdha, dahI, makkhana, ghI ityAdi se rahita gorasa nahIM hotA usI prakAra paryAyoM se rahita dravya nahIM hotA, jisa prakAra gorasa se rahita dUdha, dahI, makkhana, ghI ityAdi nahIM hote usI prakAra dravya se rahita paryAyeM nahIM hotii| isaliye, yadyapi dravya aura paryAyoM kA AdezavazAt-vivakSA vaza kathaMcit bheda hai tathApi, ve eka astitva meM niyata (dRr3harUpa se sthita) hone ke kAraNa anyonyavRtti nahIM chor3atI isaliye vasturUpa se unakA abheda hai| 338 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vItarAga jinendra bhagavAn utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se yukta athavA guNa aura paryAyoM se yukta padArtha ko dravya kahate haiM / guNa aura paryAya kA lakSaNa guNo dravyavidhAnaM syAt paryAyo dravyavikriyA // (9) hyayutasiddhaM syAtsamudAyastayordvayoH / dravyaM dravya kI jo vizeSatA hai use guNa kahate haiM aura dravya kA jo vikAra - hai-vaha paryAya kahalAtA hai| dravya una donoM guNaparyAyoM kA apRthak siddha samudAya hai| guNa aura paryAya kA paryAyavAcaka zabda sAmAnyamanvayotsargau vyatireko vizeSazca sAmAnya, anvaya aura utsarga ye guNavAcaka zabda haiM tathA vyatireka, vizeSa aura bheda ye paryAya zabda kahe gaye haiM / 340 zabdA: bhedaH syurguNavAcakAH / paryAyavAcakA: / / ( 10 ) guNa aura dravya meM abheda hai guNairvinA na ca dravyaM vinA dravyAcca no guNAH / dravyasya ca guNAnAM ca tasmAdavyatiriktatA: / / ( 11 ) guNoM ke binA dravya aura dravya ke binA guNa nahIM hote, isaliye dravya aura guNoM meM abhedatA hai| dravya aura paryAya kI abhinnatA na paryAyAdvinA dravyaM vinA dravyAnna vadantyananyabhUtatvaM dvayorapi paryAya ke binA dravya aura dravya ke binA paryAya nahIM hotI, isaliye maharSi donoM meM abhinnatA kahate haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only paryayaH / maharSayaH / / ( 12 )

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paryAya hI utpAda aura vyaya ke karane vAle haiM . na ca nAzo'sti bhAvasya na cAbhAvasya sambhavaH / bhAvAH kuryaya'yotpAdau paryAyeSu guNeSu c||(13) sat kA nAza aura asat kI utpatti nahIM hotI, isaliye paryAya hI paryAyoM aura guNoM meM vyaya aura utpAda ko karate haiN| dravyadRSTi se kisI padArtha kA na nAza hotA hai aura na kisI padArtha kI utpatti hotI hai, sirpha paryAya hI naSTa hotI tathA utpanna hotI hai, isa taraha utpAda aura vyaya kA kartA paryAya hI hai| kAla bhI dravya haiM kaalshc| (39) Time is also a substance. kAla bhI dravya haiN| jisa prakAra jIva dharma, adharma evaM AkAza dravya haiM, usI prakAra kAla bhI dravya hai| kyoMki jaise jIvAdi meM guNa evaM paryAya tathA utpAdavyaya dhrauvya hote haiM usI prakAra kAla meM bhI guNa evaM paryAya tathA utpAdavyaya dhrauvya hote haiN| mukhyataH kAla ke do bheda haiM (1) nizcayakAla (2) vyavahAra kaal| '. pratyeka lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza meM eka-eka amUrtika kAlANu sthita hai use nizcayakAla kahate haiN| samaya, ghar3I, ghaMTA, divasa, Rtu tathA bhUta, vartamAna, bhaviSyat ko bhI vyavahAra kAla kahate haiN| vyavahAra kAla ko anya dArzanika mAnate haiM parantu nizcayakAla kA varNana jisa vaijJAnika evaM tArkika praNAlI se jaina dharma meM pAyA jAtA hai vaisA varNana anya darzana meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| bhale Adhunika vijJAna meM 'catuH AyAmasiddhAnta' meM kAla ko svIkAra kiyA hai| jaina dharma meM jo kAla kA advitIya varNana hai usakA kucha prastutikaraNa nIce kara rahA hU~ 341 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kAlo ta ya vavaeso, sabbhAvaparUvao havadi Nicco / uppaNNappaddhaMsI, avaro kAla yaha vyapadeza (saMjJA) mukhyakAla kA bodhaka hai; nizcaya kAla dravya ke astitva ko sUcita karatA hai kyoMki binA mukhya ke gauNa athavA vyavahAra kI pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| yaha mukhya kAla dravyArthika naya kI apekSA nitya hai tathA paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA utpannadhvaMsI hai tathA vyavahAra kAla vartamAna kI apekSA utpannadhvaMsI hai aura bhUta bhaviSyata kI apekSA dIrghAntarasthAyI hai| dIhaMtaraTThAI / / (580) ( go . pR. 263 ) jo lokAkAza ke eka-2 pradeza para ratnoM kI rAzi ke samAna paraspara bhinna hokara eka-2 sthita haiM ve kAlANu hai aura asaMkhyAta dravya hai / 342 loyAyAsapadese ikkikke je ThiyA ha ikkikkA / rayaNANaM rAsI iva te kAlANU asaMkhadavvANi // ( 22 ) ( dravya, pR.49) vavagadapaNavaNNaraso vavaMgadadogaMdha aTThaphAsA ya / agurulahugo amutto vaTTaNalakkho ya kAlo jo pAMca varNa, pAMca rasa se rahita hai va jo do gaMdha va ATha sparza se rahita hai, agurulaghu guNa ke dvArA SaT guNI - hAni vRddhisahita hai, amUrtika aisA yaha kAladravya hai| tti / / (24) (paMcA, pR. 87) samaya, nimiSa, ghar3I, dina Adi ko vyavahAra kAla kahate haiN| jaba eka pudgala kA paramANu eka kAlANu se nikaTavartI kAlANupara maMdagati se ullaMgha kara jAtA hai taba samaya nAma kA sabase sUkSma vyavahArakAla prakaTa hotA hai arthAt itanI dera ko samaya kahate haiN| AMkhoM kI palaka lagAne se nimiSa, jala ke kAlo pariNAmabhavo pariNAmo davvakAlasaMbhUdo / dohaM esa sahAvo kAlo khaNabhaMguro Niyado / / (100) For Personal & Private Use Only

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bartana, hAtha ke vijJAna Adi purUSa kI ceSTA se eka ghar3I, tathA sUrya ke bimba ke Ane se dina pragaTa hotA hai / ityAdi rUpa se pudgala dravya kI halana calana rUpa paryAya ko 'pariNAma' kahate haiN| usase jo pragaTa hotA hai isaliye isa vyavahArakAla ko vyavahAra meM pudgalapariNAma se utpanna huA kahate haiN| nizcaya se yaha vyavahArakAla kAlAnurUpa nizcaya kAla kI paryAya hai| eka aNu kA dUsare aNu ko ullaMghakara maMdagati se jAnA Adi pUrvokta pudgala kA pariNAma hai- jaise zItakAla meM vidyArthI ko agni par3hane meM sahakArI hai tathA jaise- kumhAra ke cAka ke bhramaNa nIce kI zilA sahakArI hai vaise bAharI sahakArI kAraNa kAlANurUpa dravyakAla ke dvArA utpanna hotA hai isaliye pariNamana ko dravyakAla se utpanna huA kahate haiN| vyavahArakAla pudgaloM ke pariNamana se utpanna hotA hai isaliye pariNAmajanya hai tathA nizcayakAla pariNAmoM ko utpanna karane vAlA hai isaliye pariNAmajanaka hai| tathA samaya rUpa sabase sUkSma vyavahArakAla kSaNabhaMgura hai tathA apane hI guNa aura paryAyoM kA AdhAra rUpa hone se nizcaya kAladravya nitya haiN| kAlo ttiya vavadeso sambhAvaparUvago havadi Nicco / uppaNNappaddhaMsI avaro dIhaMtaraTThAI || (101) 'kAla' jo zabda jagat meM do akSaroM kA prasiddha hai so apane 'vAcya' ko jo nizcaya kAla sattArUpa, usako batAtA hai, jaise 'siMha' zabda 'siMha' ke rUpa ko tathA 'sarvajJa' zabda sarvajJa ke svarUpa ko batAtA hai| aisA apane svarUpa ko batAne vAlA nizcaya kAladravya yadyapi do akSararUpa se to nitya nahIM hai tathApi kAla zabda se kahane yogya hone se nitya hai, aisA nizcayakAla jAnane yogya hai / vyavahArakAla vartamAna eka samaya kI apekSA utpanna hokara nAza hone vAlA hai, kSaNa-2 meM vinAzIka hai to bhI pUrva aura Age ke samayoM kI saMtAna kI apekSA se vyavahAra naya se AvalI, palya, sAgara Adi rUpa dIrghakAla taka rahane vAlA bhI hai| isameM koI doSa nahIM hai| isa taraha nizcayakAla nitya hai, vyavahArakAla anitya hai aisA jAnane yogya hai| athavA dUsare prakAra se nizcaya aura vyavahAra kAla kA svarUpa kahate haiM jo anAdi anaMta hai, samaya Adi kI kalpanA yA bheda se rahita hai, varNAdi rahita amUrtika hai va kAlANu dravyarUpa se AkAza meM sthita hai so nizcayakAla hai, vaha hI kAlANudravya For Personal & Private Use Only - 343

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kI paryAyarUpa, sAdisAMta samayarUpa sUkSmaparyAya va samayoM ke samudAya kI apekSA nimiSa, ghaDI Adi koI bhI mAnA huA bhedarUpa kAla kA nAma so vyavahAra kAla hai| jisa prakAra vAstava meM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza dravya ke samasta lakSaNoM kA sadbhAva hone se 'dravya' saMjJA ko prApta karate haiM, usI prakAra kAla bhI ( dravya ke samasta lakSaNoM kA sadbhAva hone se) 'dravya' saMjJA ko prApta karatA hai| isa prakAra chaha dravya haiM / kintu jisa prakAra jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza ko dvi-Adi pradeza jisakA lakSaNa hai aisA astikAyapanA hai, usI prakAra kAlANuoM kA yadyapi unakI saMkhyA lokAkAza ke pradezoM jitanI hai tathApi eka pradezIpane ke kAraNa astikAyapanA nahIM hai| isI hI kAraNa yahA~ paMcAstikAya ke prakaraNa meM mukhyataH kAla kA kathana nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ( paraMtu ) jIva- pudgaloM ke pariNAma dvArA jJAta hotI hai, aisI usakI paryAyeM hone se tathA jIva pudgaloM ke pariNAma kI anyathA anupapatti dvArA jisakA anumAna hotA hai aisA vaha (kAla) dravya hone se, use yahAM antarbhUta kiyA gayA hai| ede kAlAgAsA dhammA-dhammA puggalA jIvA / labdhaMti davvasaNaM kAlassa du Natthi kAyattaM // ( 102 ) 344 That time has infinite Samayas. vaha ananta samaya vAlA hai| yadyapi vartamAna kAla eka samayavAlA hai to bhI atIta aura anAgata ananta samaya haiM aisA mAnakara kAlako ananta samayavAlA kahA hai| athavA mukhya kAlakA nizcaya karane ke lie yaha sUtra kahA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki ananta paryAyeM vartanA guNake nimitta se hotI haiM isalie eka kAlANuko bhI upacAra se ananta kahA hai / parantu samaya atyanta sUkSma kAlAMza hai aura usake samudAya ko Avali muhUrta, ghar3I, ghaNTA, dina, rAta jAnanA cAhie / kAla dravya kI vizeSatA so'nantasamaya: / (40) For Personal & Private Use Only

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vavahAro puNa tiviho, tIdo vaTuMtago bhavisso du| tIdo saMkhejjAvalihadasiddhANaM pamANaM tu||(578) __ (go.jI.) vyavahArakAla ke tIna bheda haiM- bhUta, vartamAna, bhaviSyat / inameM se siddharAzikA saMkhyAta Avali ke pramANa se guNA karane para jo pramANa ho utanA hI atIta arthAt bhUtakAlakA pramANa hai| samao ha vaTTamANo, jIvAdo savvapuggalAdo vi| bhAvI aNaMtaguNido, idi vavahAro have kaalo|(579) vartamAna kAlakA pramANa eka samaya hai| sampUrNa jIvarAzi tathA samasta pudgaladravyarAzise bhI anaMtaguNA bhaviSyat kAlakA pramANa hai| isa prakAra vyavahAra kAlake tIna bheda.hote haiN| samao Nimiso kaTThA kalA ya NAlI tado divaarttii| mAsoduayaNasaMvaccharo tti kAlo praaytto||(25) (paMcAstikAya) samaya, nimeSa, kASThA, kalA (nAlI), ghar3I, ahorAtra (divasa, rAta) mAsa, Rtu, ayana aura varSa aisA jo kAla (arthAt vyavahArakAla) vaha parAzrita guNa kA lakSaNa dravyAzrayA nirguNA gunnaaH| (41) Gunas or attributes depend upon substance and are never without it. An attribute as such cannot be the subtratum of another attribute, although of course, many attributes can co-exist in one and the same substance at one and the same time and place. There can not be an attribute of an attribute. jo nirantara dravya meM rahate haiM aura guNarahita haiM ve guNa haiN| jisameM guNa Azraya lete haiM arthAt jisameM guNa rahate haiM vaha Azraya hai| 345 For Personal & Private Use Only

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guNoM ko koI na koI Azraya cAhie, guNa Azraya ke binA nahIM raha sakate aura dravya ko chor3akara anya AdhAra ho nahIM sktaa| jo nitya dravya ke Azraya se rahatA hai vaha guNa hai| yadyapi paryAyeM bhI dravya meM rahatI haiM, parantu paryAyeM kAdAcitka haiM ata: 'dravyAzrayAH' isa pada se paryAyoM kA grahaNa nahIM hotA haiN| ata: 'dravyAzrayAH' isa pada se anvayI dharma guNa hai aisA siddha hotA hai, jaise ki, jIva ke astitvAdi aura jJAna, darzana ... Adi guNa haiM aura pudgala ke acetanatva Adi rUpa-rasAdi guNa haiN| jadi havadi davvamaNNaM guNado ya guNA ya davvado annnne| ... davvANaMtiyamadhavA davvAbhAvaM pakuvvaMti // (44) (paMcAstikAya pR.152) pradezoM kI apekSA bhI yadi dravya se guNa alaga-alaga hoM to jo anaMtaguNa dravya meM eka sAtha rahate haiM ve alaga-alaga hokara anaMta dravya ho jAveMge aura dravya se jaba saba guNa bhinna ho gae taba dravya kA nAza ho jaavegaa| yahA~ pUchate haiM ki guNa kisI ke Azraya yA AdhAra se rahate yA ve Azraya binA hote haiM? yadi ve Azraya se rahate haiM aisA koI mAne aura usako aura koI doSa de to yaha kahanA hogA ki, jo anaMta jJAna Adi guNa jisa kisI eka zuddha Atma dravya meM AzrayarUpa haiM usa Atma-dravya se yadi ve guNa bhinna-bhinna ho jAveM, isI taraha dUsare zuddha jIva dravya meM bhI jo anaMta guNa haiM ve bhI jude-2 ho jAveM taba yaha phala hogA ki zuddhAtma dravyoM se anaMtaguNoM ke judA hone para zuddha Atmadravya anaMta ho jaayeNge| jaise grahaNa karane yogya paramAtma dravya meM guNa aura guNIkA bheda hone para dravya kI anaMtatA kahI gaI vaisI hI tyAgane yogya azuddha jIva dravya meM tathA pudgalAdi dravyoM meM bhI samajha lenI cAhiye arthAt guNa aura guNIkA bheda hote hue mukhya yA gauNarUpa eka-eka guNa kA mukhya yA gauNa eka-2 dravya AdhAra hote huye dravya anaMta ho jAvegA tathA dravya ke pAsa se jaba guNa cale jAyeMge taba dravya kA abhAva ho jAyegA jabaki yaha kahA hai ki guNoM kA samudAya dravya hai| yadi aise guNasamudAya rUpa dravya se guNoM kA ekAMta se sarvathA ; bheda mAnA jAyegA to guNa samudAya svarUpa kA astitva dravya kahA~ rahegA? kisI bhI taraha nahIM raha sakatA hai| . 346 For Personal & Private Use Only

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avibhaktamaNaNNattaM davvaguNANaM vibhttmnnnnttN| NicchaMti NiccayaNhU tabvivarIdaM hi vA tesiN||(45) jaise-paramANukA varNAdi guNoM ke sAtha abhinnapanA hai arthAt unameM paraspara pradezoM kA bheda nahIM hai taise zuddha jIva dravya kA kevalajJAnAdi pragaTarUpa svAbhAvika guNoM ke sAtha aura azuddha jIvakA matijJAna Adi pragaTa rUpa vibhAva guNoM ke sAtha tathA zeSa dravyoM kA apane-2 guNoM ke sAtha yathAsaMbhava ekapanA hai arthAt dravya aura guNoM ke bhinna-2 pradezoM kA abhAva jAnanA caahiye| nizcaya svarUpa ke jJAtA jainAcArya, jaise-himAcala aura viMdhyAcala parvata meM bhinnapanA hai athavA eka kSetra meM rahate huai jala aura dUdha kA bhinna pradezapanA hai aisA bhinnapanA dravya aura guNoM kA nahIM mAnate haiM to bhI ekAMta se dravya aura guNoM kA anyapane se viparIta ekapanA bhI nahIM mAnate haiM arthAt jaise dravya aura guNoM meM pradezoM kI apekSA abhinnapanA hai taise saMjJA Adi kI apekSA se bhI ekapanA hai aisA nahIM mAnate haiM arthAt ekAMta se dravya aura guNoM kA na ekapanA mAnate haiM na bhinnapanA mAnate haiN| binA apekSA ke ekatva va anyatva donoM ko nahIM mAnate haiM, kiMtu bhinna-2 apekSA se bhedAbheda donoM svabhAvoM ko mAnate haiN| pradezoM kI ekatA se. ekapanA hai| saMjJAdikI apekSA dravya aura guNoM kA anyapanA haiM aisA AcArya mAnate haiN| vavadesA saMThANA saMkhA visayA ya hoMti te bhugaa| te tesimaNaNNatte aNNatte cAvi vijjNte||(46) kathana yA saMjJA ke bheda AkAra ke bheda saMkhyA yA gaNanA aura viSaya yA AdhAra ye bahuta prakAra ke hote haiN| ye cAroM una dravya aura guNoM kI ekatA meM taise hI usakI bhinnapanA meM hote haiN| NANaM dhaNaM kuvvadi dhaNiNaM jaha NANiNaM ca duvidhehiN| bhaNNaMti taha pudhattaM eyattaM cAvi tccnnhuu||(47) jaise dhanakA astitva bhinna hai aura dhanI puruSa kA astitva bhinna hai . isaliye dhana aura dhanI kA nAma bhinna hai, dhana kA AkAra bhinna hai, dhanI puruSa kA AkAra bhinna hai, dhanakI saMkhyA bhinna hai, dhanI puruSa kI saMkhyA bhinna hai, . 347 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhana kA AdhAra bhinna hai dhanI kA AdhAra bhinna hai to bhI dhana ko rakhane vAlA dhanI hai aisA jo kahanA hai so bheda yA pRthaktva vyavahAra hai| taise hI jJAna kA astitva jJAnI se abhinna hai aise jJAna kA abhinna astitva rakhane vAle jJAnI AtmA ke sAtha abheda kathana hai| jJAna kA nAma jJAnI se abhinna hai, jJAnI kA nAma jJAna se abhinna hai, jJAna kA saMsthAna jJAnI se abhinna hai, jJAna kA AdhAra jJAnI se abhinna hai, jJAnI kA AdhAra jJAna se abhinna hai| isa taraha jJAna aura jJAnI meM apRthaktva yA abheda kathana hai| ina donoM dRSTAMtoM ke anusAra drASTAnta vicAra lenA cAhiye jahAM bhinna-2 dravya hoM unake nAmAdi bhinna jAnanA caahiye| NANI NANaM ca sadA atyaMtaridA du annnnmnnnnss||(48) doNhaM acedaNattaM pasajadi sammaM jinnaavmdN| jaise yadi agni guNI apane guNa uSNapane se atyanta bhinna ho jAve to agni dagdha karane ke kArya ko na kara sakane se nizcaya se zItala ho jaave| usI prakAra jIva guNI apane jJAna guNa se bhinna ho jAve to padArtha ko jAnane meM asamartha hone se jaDa ho jaave| jaise uSNa guNa se agni atyanta bhinna yadi mAnI jAve to dahana kriyA ke prati asamartha hone se zItala ho jAve taise hI jJAna guNa se atyanta bhinna yadi jJAnI jIva mAnA jAve to vaha padArtha ke jAnane ko asamarthatA ko hotA huA acetana jar3a ho jAve taba aisA ho jAve jaise devadatta ghasiyAre se usakA ghAsa kATane kA datIlA bhinna hai vaise jJAna se jJAnI bhinna ho jAve to aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| datIlA to chedane ke kArya meM mAtra bAharI upakaraNa hai parantu bhItarI upakaraNa to vIryAMtarAya ke kSayopazama se utpanna puruSa kA vIrya vizeSa hai| yadi bhItara zakti na ho to datIlA hAtha meM hote hue bhI chedane kA kAma nahIM ho sakatA hai| taise hI prakAza, guru Adi bAharI sahakArI kAraNoM ke hote hue yadi puruSa meM bhItara jJAna kA upakaraNa na ho to vaha padArtha ko jAnane rUpa kArya nahIM kara sakatA hai| samavattI samavAo apudhabbhUdo ya ajudasiddho y| tamhA davvaguNANaM ajudA siddhitti NihiTThA // (50) jaina mata meM samavAya usI ko kahate haiM jo sAtha-sAtha rahate hoM arthAt 348 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jo kisI apekSA ekarUpa se anAdikAla se tAdAtmya sambandha yA na chUTane vAlA sambandha rakhate hoM aisA sAtha vartana guNa aura guNI kA hotA hai isase dasarA koI anya se kalpita samavAya nahIM hai| yadyapi guNa aura guNI meM saMjJA lakSaNa prayojanAdikI apekSA bheda hai tathApi pradezoM kA bheda nahIM hai isake ve abhinna haiN| tathA jaise daMr3a aura daMDI puruSa kA bhinna-2 pradezapanArUpa bheda hai tathA ve donoM mila jAte haiM aisA bheda guNa aura guNI meM nahIM hai| isase inameM ayutasiddhApanA (abhedapanA) yA ekapanA kahA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa dravya aura guNoM kA abhinnapanA sadA se siddha hai| isa vyAkhyAna meM yaha abhiprAya hai ki jaise jIva ke sAtha jJAna guNakA anAdi tAdAtmya sambandha kahA gayA hai tathA vaha zraddhAna karane yogya hai vaise hI jo avyAbAdha, apramANa, avinAzI, va svAbhAvika rAgAdi doSa rahita paramAnaMdamaI eka svabhAva rUpa pAramArthika sukha hai isako Adi lekara jo anaMta guNa kevalajJAna meM aMtarbhUta hai unake sAtha hI jIva kA tAdAtmya sambandha jAnanA yogya hai tathA usI hI jIva ko rAgAdi vikalpoM ko tyAgakara niraMtara dhyAnA caahiye| vaNNarasagaMdhaphAsA paramANurUvidA visesehiN| davvAdo ya aNaNNA aNNattapagAsagA hoti // (51) dasaMNaNANANi tahA jIvaNibadhdANi nnnnnnbhuudaanni| vavadesado pudhattaM kuvvaMti hi No sbhaavaado||(52) nizcayase varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza paramANu meM kahe hue guNa pudgala dravya se abhinna haiM to bhI vyavahAra se saMjJAdi kI apekSA bhedapane ke prakAzaka hai taise jIva se tAdAtmya sambandha rakhane vAle darzana aura jJAna guNa jIva se abhinna haiM so saMjJA Adi se paraspara bhinnapanA karate haiN| nizcaya se svabhAva se pRthakapanA nahIM karate haiN| kyoMki dravya aura guNoM kA abhinna anvaya rUpa se sambandha haiN| paryAya kA lakSaNa tadbhAva: pariNAmaH / (42) The becoming of that is modification parinama or modification of a substance is the change in the character of its attributes. 349 For Personal & Private Use Only

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usakA honA arthAt prati samaya badalate rahanA pariNAma haiN| dharmAdika dravya jisa rUpa se hote haiN| vaha tadbhAva yA tattva haiN| dharmAdi dravyoM kA jo nija svarUpa hai vaha usakA bhAva tadbhAva kahalAtA haiN| dravyoM ke usa bhAva ko pariNAma kahate haiM arthAt dravya jisa rUpa meM hai usake usI rUpa rahane ko pariNAma yA paryAya kahate haiN| vaha pariNAma sAdi aura anAdi ke bheda se do prakAra kA haiN| dharmAdi dravyoM ke gati upagraha, sthiti upagraha, avakAza dAna, vartanA Adi pariNAma anAdi haiM, kyoMki jaba se dharmAdi dravya haiM tabhI se inake pariNAma haiN| dharmAdi dravya pahale hoM aura gati upagraha, sthiti upagraha bAda meM kisI samaya meM hue ho, aisA nahIM hai| kyoMki dharmAdi ke sAtha inakA sambandha anAdi hai| dharmAdi anAdi haiM ata: gati upagraha Adi pariNAma anAdi haiN| bAhya kAraNoM/nimitta se jo utpAda hotA hai, jo dravyoM ke pariNAma (paryAyeM) utpanna hote haiM, ve pariNAma AdimAn (sAdi) haiN| donoM nayoM ke kAraNa saba dravyoM meM sAdi evaM anAdi donoM pariNAmoM kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt paryAyArthika naya kI vivakSA se sarva dharmAdi dravyoM meM pariNAma sAdi hai aura dravyArthika naya kI vivakSA se sabhI dravyoM ke pariNAma anAdi hai| yaha vizeSatA hai ki dharmAdi cAra atIndriya dravyoM kA Adi aura anAdimAn pariNAma Agama se jAnA jAtA hai aura jIva tathA pudgaloM kA pariNAma kathaMcit pratyakSagamya bhI hotA hai| adhyAya 5 abhyAsa prazna1. kauna-kauna sA dravya ajIva kAya (astikAya) hai? 2. jIva bhI dravya kyoM hai? 3. dharma, adharma, AkAza evaM jIva dravya kI vizeSatA kA varNana karo? 4. pudgala arUpI kyoM nahIM hai ? 5. vizva meM eka-eka dravya kauna se hai tathA aneka dravya kauna-kauna se hai? 6. kauna-kauna se dravya niSkriya haiM tathA kauna-kauna se sakriya haiM? 350 For Personal & Private Use Only

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7. kauna-kauna se dravya meM kitane-kitane pradeza hote haiM ? 8. aNu kA vizeSa varNana karo ? 9. sampUrNa dravya kahA~ para rahate haiM ? 10. eka AkAza pradeza meM kitane aNu raha sakate haiM aura kyoM ? 11. eka jIva dravya kitane-kitane pradeza meM raha sakatA haiM? 12. eka hI jIva kama pradeza meM aura adhika pradeza meM kaise raha sakatA hai? 13. dharma dravya evaM adharma dravya kA upakAra kyA-kyA haiM ? 14. AkAza dravya kA kyA upakAra hai ? 15. pudgala dravya ke upakAra kA savistAra varNana karo? 16. jIva kA upakAra kyA-kyA hai ? 17. kAla kA upakAra kyA hai ? 18. pudgala kA lakSaNa kyA hai ? 19. pudgala kI vibhinna payAryoM kA varNana karoM ? 20. pudgala ke mukhya bheda kA savistAra varNana karo? 21. skandhoM kI utpatti kaise hotI hai ? 22. aNu kI utpatti kaise hotI hai ? 23. acAkSuSa skandha kaba cakSu indriya kA viSaya banatA hai ? 24. dravya kA lakSaNa kyA-kyA hai ? 25. utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya kisameM hote haiM? 26. utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya kI paribhASA savistAra likho? 27. dravya nitya kaise hai? 28. vastu kI siddhi kisa praNAlI se hotI hai ? 29. pudgala paraspara kaise baMdhate haiM ? 30. kisa-kisa avasthA meM bandha nahIM hotA hai? 31. bandha ke anantara (bAda) utpanna skandha kisa rUpa meM pariNamana karatA hai? 32. kAla bhI dravya kyoM hai? . 33. kAla ke kitane bheda haiM? 4.. vyavahAra kAla kA vizeSa varNana karo? 35. nizcaya kAla kA vizeSa varNana karo? 351 For Personal & Private Use Only

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36. guNoM kI paribhASA likho? 37. paryAya kI paribhASA kyA hai ? 38. isa adhyAya ke bAre meM ApakA vizeSa abhiprAya kyA hai? 39. isa adhyAya se siddha karo ki prAcIna bhArata meM unnata vijJAna thaa| sva-para, . jJAtA-jJeya, piNDa-brahmANDa, aNu-mahat, heya-upAdeya-zreya ko jAnane ke kAraNa manuSya eka prajJAdhanI, mananazIla, satyazodhaka, jijJAsu aura vizva kA sarvazreSTha prANI bhagavAn ke nirvANa mahotsava manAnA taba sArthaka hogA, jaba baccoM kA nirmANa karate ho| nindA nahIM karanA cAhie, parantu samIkSA karane meM bhayabhIta nahIM honA caahie| dUsaroM kA upakAra nahIM kara sakate to isakI vizeSa cintA nahIM parantu apakAra nahIM karanA caahie| dUsaroM ko pAnI nahIM pilA sake to mata pilAo, parantu viSa to mata pilaao| 352 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 6 Asravatattva kA varNana Influx of KARMA kAyavAGmanaH karmayogaH / ( 1 ) Yoga is the name of vibrations set in the soul by the activity of body,speech or mind. kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA yoga hai| isa zAstra kA nAma mokSa zAstra hai kyoMki isameM mokSamArga kA varNana hai; mokSa mArga ke kAraNa bhUta samyagdarzana, samyajJAna, samyakcAritra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana ke viSaya bhUta saptatattva meM se paMcama adhyAya taka jIva evaM ajIva tattva kA varNana sampUrNa huA / krama prApta Asrava tattva kA varNana yahA~ se prArambha ho rahA hai| isa vizva meM kArmANa vargaNA ThasAThasa bharI huI hai| usameM karmarUpa pariNamana karane kI yogyatA bhI hai / parantu jaba taka jIva ke yoga evaM upayoga kA nimitta nahIM milatA hai taba taka karma vargaNA AkarSita hokara jIva meM Akara nahIM milatI hai| isaliye Asrava tattva kA varNana karane ke pahale hI yoga kA varNana kiyA gayA hai kyoMki yoga se Amrava hotA hai| kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA ko yoga kahate haiN| isa kriyA se AtmA ke pradezoM kA parispandana halana calana hI yoga hai| vaha nimittoM ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai- kAyayoga, vacanayoga aura manoyoga / (1) kAyayoga : - vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama ke hone para audArika Adi sAta prakAra kI kAyavargaNAoM meM se kisI eka prakAra kI vargaNAoM ke Avalambana se hone vAlA Atmapradeza parispanda kAyayoga kahalAtA hai| (2) vacanayogaH- zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se prApta huI vacana vargaNAoM kA Avalambana hone para tathA vIryAntarAya aura matyakSarAdi AvaraNa ke kSayopazama se prApta huI bhItarI vacanalabdhi ke milane para vacanarUpa paryAya ke sanmukha hue AtmA ke hone vAlA pradeza parispanda vacanayoga kahalAtA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 353

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(3) manoyoga:- vIryAntarAya aura no indriyAvaraNa ke kSayopazamarUpa Antarika manolabdhi ke hone para tathA bAharI nimitta bhUta mano vargaNAoM kA Avalambana milane para manarUpa paryAya ke sanmukha hue AtmA ke hone vAlA pradeza parispanda manoyoga kahalAtA hai| vIryAntarAya aura jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya ho jAne para bhI sayoga kevalI ke jo tIna prakAra kI vargaNAoM kI apekSA Atma-pradeza parispanda hotA hai vaha bhI yoga hai aisA jAnanA caahiye| gommaTasAra meM kahA bhI hai puggalavivAidehodayeNa maNavayaNakAyajuttassa / jIvassa jA ha sattI, kammAgamakAraNaM jogo||(216) go.jI. pudgala vipAkI zarIra nAma karma ke udaya se mana, vacana, kAya se yukta jIva kI jo karmoM ke grahaNa karane meM kAraNabhUta zakti hai usako yoga kahate dehodayeNa sahio jIvo Aharadi kamma nnokmm| paDisamayaM savvaMgaM tattAyasapiMDaovvaM jlN||(3) go.ka.pR. (2) yaha jIva audArika Adi zarIranAma karma ke udaya se yoga sahita hokara jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karma rUpa hone vAlI karmavargaNAoM ko, tathA audArika Adi cAra zarIra (1) audArika (2) vaikriyika (3) AhAraka (4) taijasa rUpa hone vAlI nokarmavargaNAoM ko hara samaya cAroM tarapha se grahaNa (apane sAtha sambaddha) karatA hai| jaise ki Aga se tapA huA lohe kA golA pAnI ko saba aura se apanI tarapha khIMcatA hai| yaha jIva karma tathA nokarmarUpa hone vAle kitane pudgalaparamANuoM ko pratisamaya grahaNa karatA hai, so batAte haiM, 354 For Personal & Private Use Only

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siddhANaMtimabhAgaM abhvvsiddhaadnnNtgunnmev|| .samayapabaddhaM baMdhadi jogavasAda du visaritthaM // (4) yaha AtmA, siddha jIvarAzi ke jo ki anantAnanta pramANa kahI hai usake anaMta veM bhAga aura abhavyajIvarAzi jo jaghanyayuktAnaMta pramANa hai usase anaMtaguNe samayaprabaddha ko arthAt eka samaya meM baMdhane vAle paramANu samUha ko bAMdhatA hai;- apane sAtha saMbaddha karatA hai| parantu mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRttirUpa yogoM kI vizeSatA se (kamatI bar3hatI hone se) kabhI thor3e aura kabhI bahuta paramANuoM kA bhI baMdha karatA hai| arthAt pariNAmoM meM kaSAya kI adhikatA tathA mandatA hone para AtmA ke pradeza jaba adhika vA kama sakaMpa (calAyamAna) hote haiM taba karma paramANu bhI jyAdA athavA kama baMdhate haiN| jaise adhika cikanI dIvAla para dhUli adhika lagatI hai aura kama cikanI para km| Asrava kA svarUpa sa: aasrvH| (2) This yoga is the channel of Asrava or intlow of karmic matter in to the soul. .. vahI Asrava hai| kAyayoga, vacanayoga evaM manoyoga se Asrava hone ke kAraNa ina yogoM ko hI Asrava kahA hai| karma paramANu kA yoga ke dvArA AkarSita hokara Ane ko Asrava kahate haiN| yoga Asrava hone meM kAraNa hai tathApi sUtra meM kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra kara yoga ko hI Asrava kahA hai| jaise anna prANa nahIM hai to bhI prANa kI sthiti meM anna kAraNa hone se anna ko hI prANa kaha * dete haiN| ' jaise- naukA meM chidra hone para chidra se pAnI naukA meM praveza kara letA hai usI prakAra mana, vacana, kAya ke parispandana rUpI chidra se karma kA Agamana hotA hai, use Asrava kahate haiN| Asrava ke do bheda haiN| (1) dravya Asrava (2) .. bhAva aamrv| dravya saMgraha meM dravya Asrava evaM bhAva Asrava kA varNana nimna prakAra 355 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kiyA hai(1) bhAva Asrava Asavadi jeNa kammaM pariNAmeNappaNo sa vinnnneo| bhAvAsavo jiNutto kammAsavaNaM paro hodi||(29) (pR.69) jisa pariNAma se AtmA ke karma kA Asrava hotA hai usako zrI jinendra dvArA kahA huA bhAvAnava jAnanA caahie| aura bhAvAsrava se bhinna jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa karmoM kA jo Asrava hai so dravyAsrava hai| (2) dravya Amrava NANAvaraNAdINaM joggaM jaM puggalaM smaasvdi| davvAsavo sa Neo aNeyabheo jinnkkhaado||(31) (pR.71) jJAnAvaraNa Adi ATha karmoM ke yogya jo pudgala AtA hai usako dravyAsava jAnanA caahie| vaha aneka bhedoM sahita hai, aisA zrI jinendra ne kahA hai| yoga ke nimitta se Asrava kA bheda zubhaH puNyAsyAzubha: paapsy| (3) Asrava is of 2 kinds: zubha or good which is the inlet of virtue or meritorious karms 37TH or bad which is the inlet of vice or demeritorious karmas. zubhayoga puNya kA aura azubhayoga pApa kA Asrava hai| zubhayoga puNya aura azubha yoga pApAstrava kA kAraNa hai| hiMsA, asatya bhASaNa, vadha Adi kI cintA rUpa apadhyAna azubha yoga hai| hiMsA, dUsare kI binA dI huI vastu kA grahaNa (corI), maithuna-prayoga Adi azubha kAyayoga hai| asatya bhASaNa, kaThora marmabhedI vacana bolanA Adi azubha vacana yoga hai| hiMsaka pariNAma, IrSyA, asUyA Adi rUpa mAnasika pariNAma azubha manoyoga hai| ___azubha yoga se bhinna ananta vikalpa vAlA zubha yoga hai| jaise- ahiMsA, 356 For Personal & Private Use Only

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acaurya, brahmacarya pAlana Adi zubha-kAyayoga hai / arhanta bhakti, tapa kI rUci - zruta kA vinaya Adi vicAra zubha manoyoga hai| satya, hita-mita vacana bolanA zubha yoga hai| zubha pariNAma- pUrvaka hone vAlA yoga zubhayoga hai aura azubha pariNAmoM se hone vAlA yoga azubha yoga kahalAtA hai / " punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA punnym| karmaNaH svAtantrya vivakSAyA punAtyAtmAnaM prINayatIti punnym| pAratantryavivakSAyAM karaNatvopapatteH pUyate'neneti vA puNyam tatsadvedyAdi / ( tattvArthavArtike) jo AtmA ko pavitra kare yA jisase AtmA pavitra kI jAtI hai, vaha puNya kahalAtA hai| athavA jisake dvArA AtmA sukhasAtA kA anubhava kare, vaha sAtAvedanIya Adi karma puNya haiM / svatantra vivakSA meM jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai, prasanna karatA hai vaha puNya hai evaM kartRvAcya se niSpanna puNya zabda hai| pAratantrya vivakSA meM karaNa sAdhana se puNya zabda niSpanna hotA hai, jaise jisake dvArA AtmA pavitra evaM prasanna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha puNya hai| "tatpratidvandvirUpaM paapm| tasya puNyasya pratidvandvirUpaM pApamiti vijJAyate / pAti rakSatyAtmAnam asmAcchubhapariNAmAditi pApabhidhAnam / tdsvedyaadi|" (tattvArthavArtike) puNya kA pratidvandvI (viparIta) pApa hai| jo AtmA kI zubha se rakSA kare arthAt AtmA meM zubha pariNAma na hone de vaha pApa kahalAtA hai, vaha asAtA vedI Adi pApakarma hai| prazna jaise sone kI ber3I aura lohe kI ber3I donoM hI kA avizeSatA se tulya (samAna) phala hai prANI ko paratantra karanA, vaise hI puNya-pApa donoM hI AtmA ko paratantra karane meM nimitta kAraNa hai| ina puNya aura pApa meM koI bheda nahIM hai, yaha puNya (zubha) hai, yaha azubha hai, pApa hai, yaha to kevala saMkalpa mAtra bheda hai| - uttara - puNya-pApa ko sarvathA eka rUpa kahanA upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki sone yA lohe kI ber3I kI taraha donoM hI AtmA kI paratantratA meM kAraNa haiM tathApi iSTa phala aura aniSTa phala ke nimitta se puNya aura pApa meM bheda hai| jo For Personal & Private Use Only 357

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iSTa gati, jAti, zarIra indriya viSaya Adi kA nivartaka (hetu) hai, vaha puNya hai tathA jo aniSTa gati, jAti, zarIra indriyoM ke viSaya Adi kA kAraNa hai vaha pApa hai| isa prakAra puNyakarma aura pApakarma meM bheda hai| inameM zubha yoga puNyAstrava kA kAraNa hai aura azubha yoga pApAstrava kA kAraNa hai| kundakunda deva ne kahA bhI hai jIvo pariNamadi jadA suheNa asuheNa vA suhoasuho / suddheNa tadA suddho havadi hi pariNAmasabbhAvo // (9) ( pravacanasAra pR.saM. 19 ) jaba yaha AtmA zubha yA azubha rAga bhAva se pariNata hotA hai, taba japAkusuma yA tamAlapuSpa ke lAla yA kAle raMgarUpa pariNata sphaTika kI bhAMti pariNAma svabhAva hotA huA svayaM zubha yA azubha hotA hai aura jaba yaha zuddha arAga (vItarAga) bhAva se pariNata hotA hai zuddha hotA hai taba zuddha arAga vItarAga sphaTika kI bhAMti pariNAma svabhAva hotA huA zuddha hotA hai ( usa samaya AtmA svayaM hI zuddha hotA hai / ) isa prakAra jIva ke zubhatva, azubhatva aura zuddhatva siddha hote haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha apariNamana svabhAva, kUTastha nahIM hai| devadajadigurUpUjAsu ceva dANammi vA susIle / uvavAsAdisu ratto suhovaogappago appA 11 (69) (pR.158) deva, yati aura gurU kI pUjA meM tathA dAna meM tathA suzIla meM aura upavAsAdikoM meM lIna AtmA zubhopayogAtmaka hai| oga dihi suha puNNaM jIvassa saMcaya jAdi / aho vA ta pAvaM tesimabhAve Na cayamatthi 11 (156) (pR. 352 ) upayoga yadi zubha ho to jIva ke puNya saMcaya ko prApta hotA hai aura yadi azubha ho to pApa saMcaya hotA hai| una donoM ke abhAva meM saMcaya nahIM 358 For Personal & Private Use Only www.jathelibrary.org

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hotaa| . jo jANadi jiNiMde pecchadi siddhe taheva anngaare| jIvesu sANukaMpo uvaogo so suhotassa // (157) jo arhantoM, siddhoM tathA anagAroM ko jAnatA hai aura zraddhA karatA hai, aura jIvoM ke prati anukampAyukta hai, usakA vaha upayoga zubha hai| visayakasAogADho dussudiduccitdutttthgotttthijudo| uggo ummaggaparo uvaogo jassa so asuho||(158) jisakA upayoga viSaya kaSAya meM avagAr3ha (magna) hai, kuzruti, kuvicAra aura kusaMgati meM lagA huA hai, kaSAyoM kI tIvratA meM athavA pApoM meM udyata hai tathA unmArga meM lagA huA hai, usakA vaha upayoga azubha hai| __ svAmI kI apekSA Asrava ke bheda sakaSAyAkaSAyayo: saaNpraayikryaapthyoH| (4) Souls affected with the passions have AIFERIT or mundane inflow, i,e, inflow of karmic matter which causes the cycle of births and rebirths. Those without the passions have $47994 transient or fleeting inflow kaSAyarahita aura kaSAyasahita AtmA kA yoga krama se sAmparAyika aura IryApatha karma ke Asrava rUpa haiN| sAmAnya rUpa se Asrava eka prakAra hote hae bhI svAmI evaM kAraNoM ke bheda se AsravoM ke bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| yahA~ para mukhyata: svAmiyoM kI apekSA do bheda kiyA gayA hai- (1) kaSAya sahita jIvoM ke sAmparAyika Asrava (2) kaSAya rahita jIvoM ke IryApatha Asrava hai| jo AtmA ko kase, duHkha de, vaha kaSAya hai| krodhAdi pariNAma kaSAya haiM kyoMki ye krodhAdi pariNAma AtmA ko durgati meM le jAne ke kAraNa hone se AtmA ko kasate haiM, AtmA ke svarUpa kI hiMsA karate haiM, ata: ye kaSAya 359 For Personal & Private Use Only

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athavA, kaSAyale padArtha ke samAna karmaraja ke saMzleSaNa meM kAraNa hone se krodhAdi pariNAma kaSAya haiN| jaise- vaTavRkSa Adi kA cepa cipakane meM kAraNa hotA hai, vaise hI AtmA ke krodhAdi pariNAma bhI karmabandhana ke kAraNa hone se kaSAya kahe jAte haiN| jo jIva kaSAyasahita hai, vaha sakaSAya hai aura jo kaSAyarahita jIva hai vaha akaSAya kahalAtA hai| sakaSAya aura akaSAya pariNAmoM ko sakaSAyAkaSAya pariNAma kahate haiN| cAroM tarapha se AtmA kA parAbhava karane vAlA samparAya hai| karmoM ke dvArA cAroM ora se AtmA kA (AtmA ke svarUpa kA) abhibhava- parAbhava, tiraskAra honA samparAya kahalAtA hai| samparAya (saMsAra) jisakA prayojana hai, vaha sAmparAyika hai| IryA jisakA dvAra hai vaha IryApatha hai| IryA (yoga) hai panthA (dvAra) jisakA vaha IryApatha kahalAtA hai, arthAt jo karma mAtra yoga se hI Ate haiM, AnA mAtra hI jinakA kArya hai, ve IryApathAmrAva kahalAte haiN| sakaSAya AtmA ke sAmparAyika karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai aura akaSAya AtmA ke IryApatha Asrava hotA hai, aisA yathAsaMkhyA lagAnA caahiye| jaise- sAmparAya kaSAya kA vAcI hai| mithyAdRSTi se lekara sUkSma sAmparAya guNasthAna taka kaSAya ke udaya se Ardra pariNAma vAle jIvoM ke yoga ke dvArA Aye hue karma bhAva se upazliSyamANa vargaNAyeM gIle camar3e para Azrita dhUli kI taraha cipaka jAtI haiM, unameM sthiti / baMdha ho jAtA hai, vaha sAmparAyika Asrava kahalAtA hai| upazAntakaSAya,kSINakaSAya aura sayogakevalI ke yogakriyA se Aye hue karma kaSAya kA cepa na hone se (kaSAya ke abhAva meM baMdha kA abhAva hone se) sUkhI dIvAla para par3I / huI dhUli ke samAna dvitIya kSaNa meM hI jhar3a jAte haiM, bandhasthAna ko prApta nahIM hote haiM, yaha IryApatha Asrava hai| sAmparAyika Asrava ke bheda indriyakaSAyAvratakriyA: paJcacatuH paJcaviMzatisaMkhyA pUrvasya bhedaaH| (5) The Kinds of the first i.e. mundance inflow are 39 in number. 5 caused by the activity of the 5 senses gros 4 cause by the activity of the 360 For Personal & Private Use Only

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4 passions 2011, 5 caused by the activity of the 5 kinds of vowlessness avrata; 25 caused by the 25 kinds of Activity kriyaa| pUrva ke arthAt sAmparAyika karmAsrava ke indriya kaSAya, avrata aura kriyArUpa bheda haiM jo krama se pA~ca, cAra, pA~ca aura paccIsa haiN| sparzana Adi pA~ca indriya krodha Adi cAra kaSAya, hiMsAdi pA~ca avrata aura 25 samyaktva kriyA Adi se sAmparAyika Asrava hotA hai| dravya saMgraha meM Amrava kA varNana prakArAntara se nimna prakAra bhI pAyA jAtA hai micchAttAviradipamAdajogakohAdao'tha vinnnneyaa| paNa-paNa paNadaha tiya cadu kamaso bhedA du puvvss|| (30) aba prathama jo bhAvAnuva hai usake mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, yoga aura krodha Adi kaSAya aise pAMca, bheda jAnane cAhiye, aura mithyAtva Adi ke krama se pAMca, pandraha, tIna aura cAra bheda samajhane caahiye| arthAt mithyAtva ke pAMca bheda, avirati ke pAMca bheda, pramAda ke pandraha bheda, yoga ke tIna bheda aura krodha Adi kaSAyoM ke cAra bheda jAnane caahiye| (1) paMcendriya - (1) sparzana (2) rasanA (3) ghrANa (4) cakSu (5) krnn| cakSu Adi indriya ke dvArA jo viSaya meM pravRti hotI hai usase sAmparAyika Amrava hotA hai| (2) catuH kaSAya- (1) krodha (2) mAna (3) mAyA (4) lobha se bhI sAmparAyika Amrava hotA hai| (3) pAMca avrata - (1) hiMsA (2) jhUTha (3) kuzIla (4) corI (5) parigraha se bhI sAmparAyika Amrava hotA hai| (4) 25 kriyAoM - 25 kriyAoM se bhI sAmparAyika Asrava hotA hai| usakA varNana nimna prakAra hai(1) samyaktva - caitya (jina pratimA) gurU aura zAstra kI pUjA, stavana Adi rUpa samyaktva ko bar3hAne vAlI samyaktva kriyA hai| (2) mithyAtva - mithyAtva ke udaya se jo anya devatA ke stavana Adi 361 For Personal & Private Use Only

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rUpa kriyA hotA hai vaha mithyAtva kriyA hai| (3) prayoga - zarIra Adi dvArA gamanAgamana AdirUpa pravRti prayogakriyA hai| . (4) samAdAna - saMyata kA aviratike sammukha honA samAdAna kriyA hai| . (5) IryApatha - IryApatha kI kAraNabhUta kriyA IryApatha kriyA hai| (6) prAdoSikI - krodha ke Aveza se prAdoSikI kriyA hotI hai| (7) kAyikI - duSTa bhAva yukta hokara udyama karanA kAyikI kriyA hai| (8) AdhikAraNikI - hiMsA ke sAdhanoM ko grahaNa karanA AdhikaraNikI kriyA hai| (7) pAritApikI - jo duHkha kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai vaha pAritApikI kriyA hai| (10) prANAtipAtikI - Ayu, indriya, bala aura zvAsocchvAsa rUpa prANoM kA viyoga karane vAlI prANAtipAtikI kriyA hai| (11) darzana - rAgavaza pramAdI kA ramaNIya rUpa ke dekhane kA abhiprAya darzana-kriyA (12) sparzana - pramAdavaza sparza karane lAyaka sacetana padArtha kA anubandha sparzanakriyA hai| (13) prAtyayikI- naye adhikaraNoM ko utpanna karanA prAtyayikI kriyA hai| (14) samantAnupAta - strI, purUSa aura pazuoM ke jAne, Ane, uThane aura baiThane ke sthAna meM mala kA tyAga karanA samantAnupAta kriyA hai| (15) anAbhoga - pramArjana aura avalokana nahIM kI gayI bhUmipara zarIra Ati kA rakhanA anAbhoga kriyA hai| (16) svahasta - jo kriyA dUsaroM dvArA karane kI ho use svayaM kara lenA svahasa kriyA hai| (17) nisarga - pApAdAna AdirUpa pravRtti vizeSa ke lie sammatti denA nisa 362 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kriyA hai| (18) vidAraNa - dUsare ne jo sAvadyakArya kiyA ho use prakAzita karanA vidAraNa kriyA hai| (19) AjJA vyApAdikI - cAritramohanIya ke udayase Avazyaka Adi ke viSaya meM zAstrokta AjJAko na pAla sakane ke kAraNa anyathA nirUpaNa karanA AjJAvyApAdikI kriyA hai| (20) anAkAMkSakriyA - dhUrtatA aura Alasya ke kAraNa zAstra meM upadezI gayI vidhi karane kA anAdara anAkAMkSa kriyA hai| (21) prArambha - chedanA, bhedanA aura racanA Adi kriyA meM svayaM tatpara rahanA aura dUsare ke karane para harSita honA prArambha kriyA hai| (22) pArigrAhikI - parigraha kA nAza na ho isalie jo kriyA kI jAtI hai vaha pArigrAhikI kriyA hai| (23) mAyA - jJAna, darzana Adi ke viSaya meM chala karanA mAyAkriyA hai| (24) mithyAdarzana - mithyAdarzana ke sAdhanoM se yukta purUSa kI prazaMsA Adi ke dvArA dRr3ha karanA ki 'tU ThIka karatA hai' mithyAdarzana kriyA hai| (25) apratyAkhyAna - saMyama kA ghAta karanevAle karma ke udaya se tyAgarUpa pariNAmoM kA na honA apratyAkhyAna kriyA hai| ye saba milakara paccIsa kriyAe~ hotI hai| kArya-kAraNa ke bheda se alaga-agala bheda ko prApta hokara ye indriyAdika sAmparAyika karma ke Asrava ke dvAra haiN|.. Asrava kI vizeSatA meM kAraNa tiivrmndjnyaataajnyaatbhaavaadhikrnnviiryvishessebhystvishessH| (6) The differences in flow in different souls caused by the same activity arise from differences in the following: 1. tIvrabhAva Intensity of desire or thought-activity. 363 For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. mandabhAva Mildness. 3. jJAtabhAva Intentional character of the act. 4.375116THTA Unintentional character of the act. 5. adhikaraNa Dependence. 6. vIrya One's own position and power to do the act. tIvrabhAva mandabhAva, jJAtabhAva, ajJAtabhAva, adhikaraNa aura vIrya vizeSa ke bheda se Asrava kI vizeSatA hotI hai| yoga pratyeka saMsArI jIva ke hotA hai| yoga hone para bhI sampUrNa jIvoM ke Asrava samAna nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki jIvoM ke pariNAmoM ke ananta bheda haiN| kundakunda deva ne kahA bhI hai "NANAjIva NANAkamma NANAviha have laddhi" .. arthAt saMsAra meM aneka jIva (anaMta) haiM unake karma (anaMta karma) haiN| isalie unakI labdhiyA~ bhI nAnA (anaMta) prakAra kI haiN| isalie unake yoga, upayoga vibhinna prakAra ke hote haiN| usake anusAra karma aura baMdha bhI aneka prakAra ke hote haiN| (1) tIvra bhAva - ati pravRddha krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhAdi ke kAraNa pariNAmoM kI tIvratA ko tIvra kahate haiM vA bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNoM se kaSAyoM kI udIraNA hone para atyanta saMkliSTa bhAva hote haiM, atyanta ugra pariNAma hote haiM, una pariNAmoM ko tIvra kahate haiN| (2) manda bhAva - tIvra se viparIta pariNAma manda hote haiN| bAhya Abhyantara kAraNoM se kaSAyoM kI anudIraNA ke kAraNa se utpadyamAna anudrika pariNAma manda hone se manda kahalAte haiN| arthAt kaSAyoM kI udIraNA meM pariNAma tIvra hote haiM aura kaSAya kI anudIraNA meM pariNAma manda hote haiN| (3) jJAta bhAva - jJAta mAtra vA jAnakara ke pravRtti karanA jJAta bhAva hai| mArane ke pariNAma na hone para bhI hiMsA ho jAne para 'maine mArA' yaha jAna lenA jJAta hai| athavA 'yaha prANI mArane yogya haiM' aisA jAnakara pravRtti karanA jJAta bhAva hai| 364 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(4) ajJAta bhAva - mada yA pramAda se gamanAdi kriyAoM meM binA jAne pravRtti karanA ajJAta bhAva hai| jaise - surApAna karane vAle kI indriyA~ vikala ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra indriyoM ko mohita karane vAle pariNAma mada kahalAte haiN| usa mada se tathA kuzala (AtmahitakAraka) kriyAoM ke prati anAdara bhAva rUpa pramAda ke kAraNa gamanAdi kriyAoM meM binA jAne pravRtti karanA ajJAta bhAva kahalAtA hai| (5) adhikaraNa bhAva - jisameM padArtha adhikRta kiye jAte haiM vaha adhikaraNa hai| AtmA ke prayojana ko artha kahate haiN| jahA~-jahA~ jisameM prayojana siddha kiye jAte haiM, prastuta kiye jAte haiM vaha adhikaraNa hai, dravya hai| arthAt kriyA kA AdhArabhUta dravya adhikaraNa hai| (6) vIrya bhAva - dravya kA svasAmarthya vIrya hai| dravya kI zakti vizeSa vA sAmarthya vizeSa ko vIrya kahate haiN| adhikaraNa ke bheda adhikaraNaM jiivaajiivaaH||(7) The Dependence relates to the souls and the non-souls. . adhikaraNa jIva aura ajIvarUpa hai| jIva aura ajIva ye jo Astrava ke adhikaraNa aura AdhAra haiN| yadyapi sampUrNa Astrava jIva ke hI hotA hai tathApi Astrava ke nimitta jIva aura ajIva donoM ke hote haiN| kyoMki hiMsA Adi ke upakaraNa rUpa se jIva aura ajIva hI adhikaraNa hote haiN| ye donoM adhikaraNa dasa prakAra ke haiM- viSa, lavaNa, kSAra, kaTuka, amla, sneha, agni aura khoTe rUpa se prayukta mana-vacana aura kaay| bhada ___ jIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda AdyaM saMrambhasamArambhArambhayogakRtakAritA- numtkssaayvishessaistristristrishctushcaikshH| (8) . The first jIvAdhikaraNa i.e. dependence on the souls in of 108 kinds due to differences in the following: 365 For Personal & Private Use Only

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1. saMrambha Determination to do a thing. 2. HHRH Preparation for it i.e. collecting materials for it. 3. Arambha Commencement of it. These three can be done by the three yogas i.e. activity of mind, body and speech, thus there are 3 x 3 = 9 kinds. Each one of the 9 kinds can be done in three ways i.e. by doing oneself or having it done by others or by approval or acquiescence. Thus we get 27 kinds. Each one of the 27 may be due to the 4 possions. That gives us 27 x 4 = 108 kinds. pahalA jIvAdhikaraNa saMrambha, samArambha aura Arambha ke bheda se 3 prakAra kA yogoM ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA kRta, kArita aura anumata ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA tathA kaSAyoM ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hotA huA paraspara milAne se 108 prakAra kA hai| isa sUtra meM jIva ke nimitta se hone vAle Amrava ke bheda kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usa Asrava ke bheda 108 prakAra ke haiN| 108 prakAra ke Amrava ke prAyazcita svarUpa yA usako dUra karane ke lie mAlA meM 108 maNiyA~ hotI haiN| saMrambha Adi kA varNana nimna prakAra hai : (1) saMrambha prayatna vizeSa ko saMrambha kahate haiN| pramAdI purUSa kA prANaghAta Adi ke lie prayatna karane kA saMkalpa saMrambha hai| (2) samArambha - hiMsAdi sAdhanoM ko ekatra karanA samArambha hai / sAdhya kriyA ke sAdhanoM ko ikaTThA karanA samArambha hai| I - (3) Arambha tattva kA kathana karane se sarva hI ( ye tInoM zabda ) bhAva sAdhana haiM / arthAt saMrambhaNa saMrambha, samArambhaNa samArambha aura ArambhaNa Arambha haiN| 'kAyavAGmanaskarmayogaH' isa sUtra meM ( 4 se 6 ) mana, vacana, kAya yoga yoga zabda kA vyAkhyAna kara cuke haiN| 366 - (7) kRta - kRta vacana svAtaMtrya pratipatti ke lie hai| svataMtrarUpa se jo AtmA dvArA kiyA jAtA hai, vaha kRta hai| - For Personal & Private Use Only

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(8) kArita - para prayoga kI apekSA kArita kA abhidhAna hai| jo dUsare ke dvArA karAyA jAtA hai, vaha kArita kahalAtA hai| (9) anumodanA - anumata zabda se prayojaka ke mAnasika pariNAmoM kI svIkRti "darzAyI gaI hai| arthAt karane vAle ke mAnasa pariNAmoM kI svIkRti anumata hai| jaise koI maunI vyakti kiye jAne vAle kArya kA yadi niSedha nahIM karatA hai to vaha usakA anumodaka mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra karAne vAlA prayoktA hone se aura una pariNAmoM kA samarthaka hone se anumodaka hai| (10 se 13) krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhavizeSa - krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA lakSaNa kaha cuke haiM ki jo AtmA ko kasatI haiM, duHkha detI hai, ve kaSAya haiN| artha kA arthAntara se jAnA jAnA vizeSa hai| vizeSa kiyA jAtA hai vA vizeSa karanA, vaha vizeSa hai| athavA viziSTi ko vizeSa kahate haiN| vizeSa kA sambandha sabake sAtha lagAnA caahiye| vaha vizeSa zabda pratyeka ke sAtha sambandhita hai| jaise- saMrambhavizeSa, samArambhavizeSa, ArambhavizeSa, kRtavizeSa, kAritavizeSa, anumoditavizeSa, yogavizeSa aura kaSAyavizeSa / saMrambha, samArambha, Arambha, yoga, kRta, kArita, anumodita tathA kaSAyavizeSa ke dvArA Asrava kA bheda hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki krodhAdi cAra aura kRta Adi tIna ke bheda se kAyAdi yogoM ke saMrambha, samArambha aura Arambha se viziSTa (sambandha) karane para pratyeka ke chattIsa-chattIsa bheda hote haiN| saMrambho dvAdazadhA krodhaadikRtaadikaaysNyogaat| ____ArambhosamArambhau tathaiva bhedAstu SaTtriMzat / . . ' kahA bhI hai - krodhAdi aura kRtAdi ke dvArA kAyasaMrambha bAraha prakAra kA hai| isI prakAra samArambha aura Arambha ke sAtha kRta, kArita, anumodanA tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kA kAyayoga ke sAtha saMyoga karane se bAraha-bAraha bheda hote haiN| kAya ke sAtha Asrava ke ye chattIsa bheda haiM, vaise hI vacanayoga aura manoyoga ke sAtha chattIsa-chattIsa bheda karane caahie| ina sabakA jor3a karane para jIvAdhikaraNa Asrava ke kula eka sau ATha bheda hote haiN| * 367 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sUtra meM 'ca' zabda krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vizeSoM kA saMgraha karane ke lie hai| arthAt 'ca' zabda se kaSAyoM ke bheda aura upabhedoM kA bhI grahaNa ho jAtA hai| ataH anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAna, pratyAkhyAna aura saMjvalana kaSAya ke solaha bhedoM se guNA karane para jIvAdhikaraNa Amrava ke cAra sau battIsa bheda bhI hote haiN| prazna- saMrambha, samArambha, Arambha Adi ke Asravatva kaise haiM ? uttara- krodhAdi se AviSTa purUSa ke dvArA kRta saMrambha Adi kriyAe~ kaSAyoM se anuraMjita hone se, nIle vastra ke samAna adhikaraNa bhAva ko prApta hotI haiN| jaise nIle raMga meM DAlA gayA vastra nIle raMga se anuraJjita hone se nIlA ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra saMrambha Adi kriyAe~ anantAnubandhI Adi kaSAyoM se anuraMjita hotI haiM, ataH ina saMrambhAdi meM bhI jIvAdhikaraNatva siddha hotA hai| ajIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda nirvartanAnikSepasaMyoganisargA dvicaturdvitribhedAH prm| (9) The other 37-itaifeacut i.e. dependence on the non-soul is of the following 11 kinds : 2 (kinds of) nirvartanA production 1 mUlaguNa of the body, speech mind and respiration 2 uttaraguNa of books, pictures, statues etc. 4 (kinds of) nikSepa Putting down a thing (1) apratyavekSita without seeing (2) duHpramRSTa petulantly, peevishly (3) sahasA hurriedly and (4) anAbhoga where it ought not to be put. 2 (kinds of) saMyoga mixing up 1 bhaktapAna food and drink (2) upakaraNa mixing up of things necessary for doing any act. 3 (kinds ol) nisarga movement by 1 kAya Body (2) vAG speech and (3) mana mind. para arthAt ajIvAdhikaraNa krama se do, cAra, do aura tIna bheda vAle nirvartanA, nikSepa, saMyoga aura nisarga rUpa haiN| 368 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nirvartanA do prakAra kI hai| nikSepa cAra prakArakA hai| saMyoga do prakArakA hai / nisarga tIna prakArakA hai| ye saba ajIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda haiN| mUla aura uttara guNa ke bheda se nirvartanA lakSaNa ajIvAdhikaraNa do prakAra kA hai - mUlaguNa nirvartanAdhikaraNa aura uttaraguNa nirvartanAdhikaraNa / pA~ca prakAra ke zarIra, vacana, mana aura zvAsocchvAsa ye mUlaguNa nirvartanA hai aura kASTha, pusta, citrakarmAdi uttaraguNanirvartanA hai / arthAta pA~ca prakAra ke zarIra, mana, vacana, . kAya aura zvAsocchvAsa inakI racanA karanA mUlaguNa nirvartanA hai aura kASTha, pASANa, vastra Adi ke citrAma banAnA, jIva ke khilaune banAnA, likhanA Adi uttaraguNanirvartanA hai / kisI vastu ke rakhane ko nikSepa kahate haiN| isake cAra bheda haiM- apratyavekSita nikSepAdhikaraNa, duSpramRSTa nikSepAdhikaraNa, sahasA nikSepAdhikaraNa aura anAbhoga nikSepAdhikaraNa / (1) binA dekhe hue kisI vastu ko rakha denA apratyavekSipa nikSepAdhikaraNa hai| (2) ThIka taraha se na zodhI huI bhUmi para kisI vastu ko rakhanA duHpramRSTa nikSepAdhikaraNa hai| (3) zIghratApUrvaka kisI vastu ko rakhanA sahasA nikSepAdhikaraNa hai| (4) kisI vastu ko binA dekhe ayogya sthAna meM cAhe jahA~ rakhanA anAbhoga nikSepAdhikaraNa hai| bhaktapAna aura upakaraNa ke bheda se saMyoga do prakAra kA hai| milAne kA nAma saMyoga hai, vaha saMyoga do prakArakA hai / bhaktapAna saMyogAdhikaraNa aura upakaraNa sNyogaadhikrnn| (1) kisI annapAna ko dUsare annapAna meM milAnA bhaktapAna saMyogAdhikaraNa hai| (2) kamaNDalu, pustaka Adi upakaraNoM ko dUsare upakaraNoM ke sAtha milAnA upakaraNa saMyogAdhikaraNa hai| pravRtti karane ko nisarga kahate haiM / kAyAdi ke bheda se nisarga tIna prakAra kA hai- kAyanisargAdhikaraNa, vA nisargAdhikaraNa aura manonisargAdhikaraNa | kAya kI svecchAnusAra pravRtti karanA kAyanisarga hai / vacana kI icchAnusAra pravRtti karanA vAGnisargAdhikaraNa hai aura svecchAnusAra mAnasika pravRtti manonisargAdhikaraNa hai / For Personal & Private Use Only 369

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jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke Asava tatpradoSanihnavamAtsaryAntarAyAsAdanopaghAtA jnyaandrshnaavrnnyoH| (10) 1. pradoSa Depreciation of the learned scriptures. 2. ninhava Concealment of knowledge. 3. mAtsarya Envy, Jealousy. Refusal to impart knowledge out of envy. 4. antarAya Obstruction. Hindering the progress of knowledge. 5. 3TTAIGHT Denying the truth proclaimed by another by body and speech. 6. upaghAta Refuting the truth, although it is known to be such. '' jJAna aura darzana ke viSaya meM pradoSa, ninhava, mAtsarya, antarAya, AsAdanA aura upaghAta ye jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke Asrava haiN| 1. pradoSa:- kisI ke jJAnakIrtana (mahimA sunane) ke anantara mukha se kucha na kahakara antaraMga meM pizunabhAva honA, tApa honA pradoSa hai| mokSa kI prApti ke sAdhanabhUta mati, zruta Adi pA~ca jJAnoM kI vA jJAna ke dhArI kI prazaMsA karane para vA usakI prazaMsA sunane para mukha se kucha nahIM kaha kara ke mAnasika pariNAmoM meM paizUnya hotA hai vA antakaraNa meM usake prati jo IrSyA kA bhAva hotA hai, vaha pradoSa kahalAtA hai| ninhava:- dUsare ke abhisandhAna se jJAna kA vyapalApa karanA ninhava hai| yat kiJcit paranimitta ko lekara kisI bahAne se kisI bAta ko jAnane para bhI maiM isa bAta ko nahIM jAnatA hU~, pustaka Adi ke hone para bhI 'mere pAsa pustaka Adi nahIM hai' isa prakAra jJAna ko chipAnA jJAna kA vyapalapana karanA, jJAna ke viSaya meM vaJcana karanA ninhava hai| 3. mAtsarya:- deya jJAna ko bhI yogya pAtra ke lie nahIM denA mAtsarya hai| kisI kAraNa se AtmA ke dvArA bhAvita, dene yogya jJAna ko bhI yogya pAtra ke lie nahIM denA mAtsarya hai| 4. antarAya:- jJAna kA vyavaccheda karanA antarAya hai| kaluSatA ke kAraNa jJAna kA vyavacheda karanA, kaluSita bhAvoM ke vazIbhUta hokara jJAna ke sAtha pustaka 370 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Adi kA vyavaccheda karanA, nAza karanA, kisI ke jJAna meM vighna DAlanA antarAya hai| 5. AsAdanA:- vacana aura kAya se varjana nA AsAdanA hai| dUsare ke dvArA prakAzita jJAna kA kAya evaM vacana se varjana (guNa-kIrtana, vinaya Adi nahIM karanA) AsAdanA hai| 6. upaghAta:- prazasta jJAna meM dUSaNa lagAnA upaghAta hai| svakIya buddhi aura hRdaya kI kaluSatA ke kAraNa prazasta jJAna bhI aprazasta, yukta bhI ayukta pratIta hotA hai ata: samIcIna jJAna meM bhI doSoM kA udbhAvana karanA, jhUThA doSAropaNa karanA upaghAta kahalAtA hai, usako upaghAta jAnanA caahiye| AsAdAnA aura upaghAta meM ekatva nahIM hai kyoMki AsAdanA meM vidyamAna jJAna kA vinaya-prakAzana, guNakIrtana Adi na karake anAdara kiyA jAtA hai aura upaghAta meM jJAna ko ajJAna kahakara jJAna kA hI nAza kiyA jAtA hai| athavA jJAna ke nAza karane kA abhiprAya rahatA hai; ata: AsAdanA aura upaghAta meM bheda spaSTa hai| 'tat' zabda se jJAna-darzana grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| 'tat' zabda se jJAna-darzana ke prati nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| arthAt jJAna aura darzana ke prati pradoSa, nihnava, mAtsarya, antarAya, AsAdanA aura upaghAta, jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| pradoSAdi ke viSayabheda se bheda siddha hone se jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke Asrava pRthak-pRthak haiN| jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke Asrava bhinna-bhinna samajhane cAhiye, kyoMki viSaya-bheda se pradoSAdi bhinna ho jAte haiN| jJAnaviSayaka pradoSAdi jJAnAvaraNa ke aura darzana viSayaka pradoSAdi darzanAvaraNa ke Asrava ke kAraNa hote haiN| AcArya aura upAdhyAya ke pratikUla calanA, akAla meM adhyayana karanA, azraddhA, zAstrAbhyAsa meM Alasya karanA, anAdara se artha kA zravaNa, tIrthoparodha (divyadhvani) ke kAla meM svayaM vyakhyAna karane laganA, svakIya bahuzruta kA garva karanA, mithyopadeza denA, bahuzrutavAn kA apamAna vA anAdara karanA, apane pakSa kA durAgraha, svapakSa ke gA ke kAraNa asaMbaddha pralApa karanA, sUtraviruddha bolanA, asiddha se jJAnAdhigama (asiddha se jJAna-prApti) zAstravikraya 371 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura hiMsAdi kArya jJAnAvaraNa karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| darzanamAtsarya, darzanAntarAya, A~kheM phor3anA, indriyoM ke viparIta pravRti, apanI dRSTi kA garva, bahuta dera taka soye rahanA, dina meM sonA, Alasya, nAstikya, samyagdaSTiyoM meM dUSaNa lagAnA, kutIrtha prazaMsA, jIvahiMsA aura munigaNoM ke prati glAni ke bhAva Adi bhI darzanAvaraNakarma ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| mahAbhArata meM kahA bhI haiM: ye purA manujA devi jnyaandrpsmnvitaaH| zlAghamAnAzca tat prApya jnyaanaahngkaarmohitaaH|| vadanti ye parAn nityaM jnyaanaadhikyendrpitaaH| jJAnAdasUyAM kurvanti na sahante hi cAparAn // tAdRzA maraNaM prAptAH punarjanmani shobhne| mAnuSyaM sucirAt prApya tatra bodhvivrjitaaH|| bhavanti satataM devi yatatro hiinmedhsH|| jo manuSya jJAna ke ghamaMDa meM Akara apanI jhUThI prazaMsA karate haiM aura jJAna pAkara ahaMkAra se mohita ho dUsaroM para AkSepa karate haiM, jinheM sadA apane adhika jJAna kA garva rahatA hai, jo jJAna se dUsaroM ke doSa prakaTa kiyA karate haiM, aura dUsare jJAniyoM ko nahIM sahana kara pAte haiM, zobhane! aise manuSya mRtyu ke pazcAt punarjanma lene para cirakAla ke bAda manuSya yoni pAte haiN| devi! usa janma meM ve sadA yatna karane para bhI bodhahIna aura buddhi rahita hote haiN| asAtA vedanIya ke Asrava duHkhshoktaapaakrndnvdhpridevnaanyaatmprobhysthaanysdvedysy| (11) The inflow of pain bringing feeling 3tHidde-ih Karmic matter is due to the following: 1. duHkha pain 2. zoka Sorrow 3. tApa repentence, remorse. 4. Akrandana weeping 5. vadha depriving of vitality 6. parivedanA piteous or pathetic moaning to attract compassion. 372 For Personal & Private Use Only

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apane meM, dUsare meM yA donoM meM vidyamAna, duHkha, zoka, tApa, Akrandana vadha aura paridevanA ye asAtAvedanIya karma ke Asrava haiN| duHkha(1) pIr3AlakSaNa pariNAma ko duHkha kahate haiN| virodhI padArthoM kA milanA, abhilaSita (iSTa) vastu kA viyoga, aniSTa saMyoga evaM niSThura vacana zravaNa Adi bAhya sAdhanoM kI apekSA se tathA asAtAvedanIya ke udaya se utpadyamAna pIDAlakSaNa pariNAma duHkha kahA jAtA hai| (2) zoka- anugrAhaka ke sambandha kA viccheda hone para vaikalpavizeSa zoka kahalAtA hai| anugraha evaM upakAra karane vAle jo bandhu Adi haiM unakA viccheda vA viyoga ho jAne para usakA bAra-bAra vicAra karake jo cintA, kheda aura vikalatA Adi mohakarma vizeSa zoka ke udaya se mAnasika tApa hotA hai, vaha zoka kahalAtA hai| (3) tApa- parivAdAdi nimitta ke kAraNa kaluSa anta:karaNa kA tIvra anuzaya tApa hai| paribhavakArI kaThora vacana ke sunane Adi se kaluSa citta vAle vyakti ke jo bhItara-hI-bhItara tIvra jalana yA anuzaya pazcAtApa ke pariNAma hote haiM, use tApa kahate haiN| (4) Akrandana- paritApa se utpanna azrupAta, pracura vilApa Adi se abhivyatta hone vAlA krandana hI Akrandana hai| mAnasika paritApa ke kAraNa azrupAta, aGgavikAra-mAthA phor3anA, chAtI kUTanA Adi pUrvaka vilApa karanA, rUdana karanA Adi kriyAyeM hotI haiM, vaha Akrandana hai vA use Akrandana samajhanA caahiye| (5) vadha- Ayu, indriya, bala, zvAsocchvAsa Adi kA viyoga karanA vadha hai| bhavadhAraNa kA kAraNa Ayu hai| rUpa-rasAdi, grahaNa karane kA sAdhana vA nimitta indriyA~ haiN| kAyAdi vargaNA kA avalambana zvAsocchvAsa lakSaNa prANa hai| ina prANoM kA paraspara vighAta karanA, vadha kahA jAtA hai| paridevana- atisaMklezapUrvaka sva para anugrAhaka, abhilaSita viSaya ke prati anukampA, utpAdaka rUdana paridevana hai| atisaMkleza pariNAmoM ke avalambana 373 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pUrvaka aisA rUdana karanA, vilApa karanA jise sunakara apane tathA dUsare ko anukampA utpanna ho jAya, use paridevana kahate haiN| yadyapi duHkha kI hI ananta jAtiyA~ hone se ye sabhI duHkha rUpa haiM tathApi kucha mukhya-mukhya jAtiyoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| jaise 'gau' aneka prakAra kI hotI hai aura kevala 'gau' kahane se sabakA jJAna nahIM ho pAtA ata: khaNDI, muNDI, zAbaleya, zveta kAlI Adi vizeSoM ko grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra duHkha viSayaka Asrava ke asaMkhyeya lokapramANa bheda saMbhava hone se duHkha aisA kahane para vizeSa jJAna na hone se kucha vizeSa nidarzana se usake viveka (bheda) kI pratipatti kisa prakAra ho sake, isaliye zokAdi ko pRthak grahaNa kiyA hai; jisase ye sarva bhinna-bhinna sugRhIta hote haiM, inameM duHkha kA lakSaNa aura usI kA vistAra hai, vaha suSThu rIti se du:kha ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM ko jAnane ke liye haiN| du:kha, zoka, tApa, Akrandana kA grahaNa du:kha ke vikalpoM kA upalakSaNa rUpa hai| jo upalakSaNa hotA hai, vaha apane sadRza kA grAhI hotA hai ata: zokAdi ke grahaNa se asAtA vedanIya ke Astrava ke kAraNabhUta anya sarva vikalpoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| azubha prayoga, paraparivAda, paizUnya, anukampA kA abhAva (adayA), paraparitApa, AMgopAGgaccheda, bheda, tAr3ana, trAsana, tarjana, bhartsana takSaNa, vizaMsana, bandhana, rodhana, mardana, damana, vAhana, viher3ana, hepaNa, zarIra ko rUkhA kara denA, paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, saMklezaprAdurbhAvana, apanI Ayu yadi adhika ho to usakA abhimAna, nirdayatA, hiMsA, mahAraMbha, mahAparigraha kA arjana, vizvAsaghAta, kuTilatA, pApakarma jIvitva, anarthadaNDa, viSamizraNa, bANa, jAla, pAza, rassI, piJjarA, yantra Adi hiMsA ke sAdhanoM kA utpAdana, balAbhiyoga zastra denA, aura pApamizrita bhAva ityAdi bhI duHkha zokAdi se gRhIta hote haiN| AtmA meM, para meM aura ubhaya meM rahane vAle ye duHkhAdi pariNAma asAtA vedanIya ke Astrava ke kAraNa hote haiN| tattvArthasAra meM kahA bhI hai 374 For Personal & Private Use Only

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duHkhaM zoko vadhastApaH krandanaM paridevanam / parAtmadvitayasthAni tathA ca parapaizunam // 201 tathA / chedana bhedanaM caiva tADanaM damanaM tarjanaM bhartsanaM caiva sadyo vizaMsanaM tathA // 2 // pApakarmopajIvitvaM vakrazIlatvameva ca / zastrapradAnaM vizrambhaghAtanaM viSamizraNam / / 22 / / zrRGkhalAvAgurApAzarajjujAlAdisarjanam / dharmavidhvaMsanaM dharma pratyUhakaraNaM zIlavratapracyAvanaM tapasvigarhaNaM ityasadvedanIyasya tathA ||23|| tathA / bhavantyAstravahetavaH ||24|| parAye, apane tathA donoM meM sthita duHkha, zoka, vadha, tApa, krandana aura paridevana tathA dUsare kI cugalI, chedanA, bhedanA tAr3anA, damana karanA, DA~TanA, jhir3akanA, zIghratA se (aparAdha kA vicAra kiye binA hI) ghAta karanA, pApakAryoM se jIvikA karanA, kuTila svabhAva rakhanA, zastra denA, vizvAsaghAta karanA, viSa milAnA, sAMkala, jAla, pAza, rassI tathA jAla Adi kA banAnA, dharma kA vidhvaMsa karanA, dharma ke kAryoM meM vighna karanA, tapasvijanoM kI nindA karanA aura zIlavrata se cyuta karanA ye saba asAtA vedanIya ke Astrava ke hetu haiM / sAtA vedanIya kA Amrava bhUtavratyanukampAdAnasarAgasaMyamAdiyogaH kSAntiH zaucamiti sadvedyasya / (12) ( tattvArthasAra ) 1. bhUtAnukampA Compassion for all living beings, 2. vratyAnukampA Compassion for the vowers. 3. dAna Charity. 4. sarAgasaMyama Selfcontrol with slight attachment etc. i.e. 5. saMyamAsaMyama Restrain by vows of some but not of other passions. 6. akAmanirjarA Equanimous submission to the fruition of karma. For Personal & Private Use Only 375

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7. bAlatapa Austerities not based upon right knowledge. 8. yoga Contemplation. 9. kSAnti Forgiveness and 10. zauca Contentiment. These are the cause of inflow of pleasure bearing fecling karmic matter, saataavedniiy| bhUtaanukampA, vrataanukampA, dAna aura sarAgasaMyama Adi kA yoga tathA kSAnti aura zauca ye sAtAvedanIya ke Asrava haiN| bhUta- Ayukarma ke udayavizeSa se hone vAle bhUta kahalAte haiN| Ayukarma ke udaya se una-una yoniyoM meM hone vAle prANiyoM ko bhUta kahate haiM arthAt sarvaprANI bhUta kahalAte haiN| vratI- ahiMsAdi vratoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vratI kahalAte haiN| ve vratI do prakAra ke haiM- zrAvaka aura muni| AgAra (ghara) ke prati anutsuka saMyatIjana anagAra hai aura saMyatAsaMyata gRhastha ekadeza vratI hai| anukampA- anukampana ko anukampA kahate haiN| dayA vyakti kA hRdaya dUsare kI pIr3A ko apanI pIr3A samajhakara kA~pa jAtA hai, vaha anukampA hai| bhUta (prANI) aura donoM prakAra ke vratiyoM meM anukampA bhUtavratyanukampA hai| dAna- para kI anugraha buddhi se apanI vastu kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| AtmIya dhana Adi vastu kA dUsaroM kA upakAra karane kI buddhi se tyAga karanA dAna kahA jAtA hai| sarAga- kaSAyoM ko nivAraNa karane meM tatpara akSINakaSAyI sarAga kahalAtA hai| pUrvopArjita karma ke udaya se jisakI kaSAyeM zAMta nahIM huI hai parantu jo kaSAyoM kA nivAraNa (zAMta) karane ke lie taiyAra hai, vaha sarAga kahalAtA hai| sarAgasaMyama- prANiyoM aura indriyoM meM azubha pravRtti kI virati kA nAma saMyama hai| ekendriya, do indriya Adi prANiyoM meM aura cakSu Adi paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM meM azubha pravRtti kA tyAga karanA vA azubha pravRtti se nivRtta honA saMyama hai| arthAt prANiyoM kI rakSA karanA aura indriyoM kI viSaya- pravRtti ko rokanA 376 For Personal & Private Use Only

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saMyama hai| sarAga (rAga sahita prANI) kA saMyama sarAgasaMyama hai athavA sarAga (rAga ke sAtha) saMyama rAga saMyama hai| Adi zabda se saMyamAsayama, akAmanirjarA, bAlatapa Adi kA bhI grahaNa hai| saMyamAsaMyama, akAmanirjarA aura bAlatapa kA bhI Adi zabda se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ekadeza virati ko saMyamAsaMyama kahate haiM arthAt 'jo trasa hiMsA kA tyAga karane se saMyama aura sthAvara hiMsA kA tyAga na karane se asaMyama tathA donoM saMyama aura asaMyama eka sAtha hone se saMyamAsaMyama kahalAtA hai| viSayoM ke anartha kI nivRtti ko Atma-abhiprAya se nahIM karate hue paratantratA ke kAraNa bhogopabhoga kA nirodha hone para zAMtipUrvaka sahana karanA akAmanirjarA hai| yathArtha pratipatti (jJAna) abhAva hone se ajJAnI mithyAdRSTi bAla kahalAte haiN| una ajJAnI mithyAdRSTiyoM kA agni meM praveza, paMcAgni tapa Adi bAlatapa hai| yoga:- niravadya kriyAvizeSa ke anuSThAna ko yoga kahate haiN| yoga arthAt pUrNa upayoga se juTa jaanaa| yoga, samAdhi, samyak praNidhAna ye saba ekArthavAcI hai| dUSaNa kI nivRtti ke lie yoga zabda kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| athavA, bhUtavratyanukampA, dAna aura sarAgasaMyama Adi kA yoga bhUtavrapyanukampAdAnasarAgasaMyamAdiyoga kahalAtA hai| zAntiH- dharmapraNidhAna (dhArmika bhAvanAoM) se krodhAdi kI nivRtti karanA zAnti hai| krodhAdikaSAyoM ko zubha pariNAma-bhAvanApUrvaka nivRtti karanA kSAnti kahalAtI hai| arthAt krodha ke kAraNa milane para bhI sahanazIla rahanA, uttejita nahIM honA, kSAnti hai| zauca- loga ke prakAroM ke uparama ko zauca kahate haiN| lobha ke aneka bheda haiM unakA uparama karanA, tyAga karanA zuci kahalAtA hai aura zuci kA bhAva zauca kahalAtA hai| svadravya kA mamatva nahIM chor3anA, dUsare ke dravya kA apaharaNa karanA, dharohara ko har3apanA Adi lobha ke prakAra haiN| yahA~ para iti zabda prakArArthaka hai| isa prakAra bhUtavratyanukampA Adi sAtA vedanIya ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| tattvArthasAra meM kahA bhI gayA haiM: 377 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #393
dayA dAnaM tapaH zIlaM satyaM zaucaM damaH kssmaa| vaiyAvRtyaM vinItizca jinapUjArjavaM tthaa||(25)|| (a.4) sarAgasaMyamazcaiva sNymaasNymstthaa| bhUtavratyanukampA ca sadvedyAsavahetavaH // (26) dayA, dAna, zIla, tapa, satya, zauca, indriyadamana, kSamA, vaiyAvRtya, vinaya, jina pUjA, saralatA, sarAgasaMyama, saMyamAsaMyama, bhUtAnukampA aura vratyanukampA ye sAtAvedanIya ke Amravake hetu hai| darzanamohanIya kA Asrava / kevalizrutasaMghadharmadevAvarNavAdo drshnmohsy| (13) The inflow of the HR right-belief-deluding-karmic maiter is caused by avarNavAda deleming the Ommiscient Lord arahati.c. kevali, the scriptures zruta, the saint's brother hoods saMgha, the true relgien dharma and the celestial beings cal e.g. saying that the celestial beings take meant or wine, etc. and to offer these as sacrifices to them. kevalI zruta, saMgha, dharma aura deva inakA avarNavAda darzanamohanIya karma kA Asrava hai| jinakA jJAna AvaraNa rahita hai ve kevalI kahalAte haiN| atizaya buddhi vAle gaNadhara deva unake upadezoM kA smaraNa karake jo granthoM kI racanA karate haiM vaha zruta kahalAtA hai| ratnatraya se yukta zramaNoM kA samudAya saMgha kahalAtA hai| sarvajJa-dvArA pratipAdita Agama meM upadiSTa ahiMsA hI dharma hai| cAra nikAya vAle devoM kA kathana pahale kara Aye haiN| guNavAle bar3e puruSoM meM jo doSa nahIM hai unakA unameM udbhAvana karanA avarNavAda hai| ina kevalI Adi ke viSaya meM kiyA gayA avarNavAda darzanamohanIya ke Asrava kA kAraNa hai| yathA kevalI kavalAhAra se jIte haiM ityAdi rUpa se kathana karanA kevaliyoM kA avarNavAda hai| zAstroM meM mAMsa bhakSaNa Adi ko nirdoSa kahA hai ityAdi rUpa se kathana karanA zruta kA avarNavAda hai| ye zUdra haiM, azuci haiM, ityAdi. rUpa se apavAda 378 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karanA saMgha kA avarNavAda hai| jina deva ke dvArA upadiSTa dharma meM koI sAra nahIM jo isakA sevana karate haiM ve asura hoMge isa prakAra kathana karanA dharma kA avarNavAda hai| deva surA aura mAMsa Adi kA sevana karate haiM isa prakAra kA kathana devoM kA avarNavAda hai| cAritra mohanIya kA Asrava kaSAyodayAttIvrapariNAmazcAritra mohsy| (14) The inflow of af Ata fit right-conduct-deluding-karmic matter is caused by the intense thought activity prodused by the rise of the passions and of the quesi-passions no-kasaya. kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAlA tIvra AtmapariNAma cAritra mohanIya ke Asrava ke kAraNa hai| kaSAyoM ke udaya se jo AtmA kA tIvra pariNAma hotA hai vaha cAritra mohanIya kA Asrava jAnanA caahie| kaSAyavedanIya ke Asava-svayaM kaSAya karanA, dUsaroM meM kaSAya utpanna karanA, tapasvIjanoM ke cAritra meM dUSaNa lagAnA, saMkleza ko paidA karane vAle liMga (veSa) aura vrata ko dhAraNa karanA, dharma kA vidhvaMsa karanA, kisI ko zIlaguNa, dezasaMyama aura sakalasaMyama se cyuta karanA, madya-mAMsa Adi se virakta jIvoM ko unase bicakAnA dhArmika kAryoM meM antarAya karanA, Adi kriyAe~ evaM bhAva, kaSAya vedanIya ke Asrava ke kaarnn| (2) hAsya vedanIya ke Asava- satya dharma kA upahAsa karanA, dIna manuSya kI dillagI ur3AnA, kutsita rAga ko bar3hAne vAlA ha~sI majAka karanA, bahuta bakane aura ha~sane kI Adata rakhanA Adi hAsya vedanIya ke Asrava haiN| 3. rati vedanIya ke Asava- nAnA prakAra kI krIr3AoM meM lage rahanA, vrata aura zIla ke pAlana meM rUci na rakhanA, Adi rati vedanIya ke Asrava haiN| 4. arati vedanIya ke Asava- dasaroM meM arati utpanna ho aura rati kA vinAza ho aisI pravRtti karanA aura pApI logoM kI saMgati karanA Adi arati 379 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #395
vedanIya ke Amrava haiN| 5. zoka vedanIya ke Asava:- svayaM zokAtura honA, dUsaroM ke zoka ko bar3hAnA tathA aise manuSyoM kA abhinandana karanA zoka vedanIya ke Amrava haiN| 6. bhaya vedanIya ke Asrava:- bhayarUpa pariNAma aura dUsaroM ko bhaya paidA karanA Adi bhaya vedanIya ke kAraNa haiN| 7. jugupsA vedanIya ke AsravaH- sukhakara kriyA aura sukhakara AcAra se ghRNA karanA aura apavAda karane meM rUci rakhanA Adi jugupsA vedanIya ke Amrava 8. strI vedanIya ke Amrava:- asatya bolane kI Adata, atisandhAnaparatA (dUsaroM kA bheda kholanA), dUsaroM ke chidra DhUr3hanA aura bar3hA huA rAga Adi ye'tramAyAvino mA atRptA: kaamsevne| vikArakAriNo'GgAdau yoSidveSAdidhAriNaH // (96) (zrI vIra vardhamAna carita) mithyAdRzazca rAgAndhA niHzIlA mUr3ha cetsH| nAryo bhavanti te loke mRtvA striivedpaaktH|| jo manuSya yahA~ para mAyAvI hote haiM, kAma sekna karane para bhI jinakI tRpti nahIM hotI zarIrAdi meM vikArI kArya karate haiM, strI Adi ke veSa ko dhAraNa karate haiM, mithyAdRSTi hai, rAgAndha hai, zIla rahita haiM aura mar3ha citta hai, aise manuSya marakara strI veda ke paripAka se isa loka meM strI hote haiN| adhika zrRMgAra priya honA (phaizana karanA) sva-para zrRMgAra meM rUci rakhanA Adi kArya sabhI strI vedanIya ke Amrava haiN| puruSa vedanIya ke Amrava-krodha kA alpa honA, IrSyA nahIM karanA, apanI strI meM saMtoSa karanA Adi puruSa vedanIya ke Asrava haiN| 380 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #396
zuddhAcaraNazIlA yA mAyAkauTilyavarjitAH / vicAracaturA dakSA dAnapUjAditatparAH // 984/ dRgjJAnabhUSitAH / svalpAkSazarmasaMtoSAnvitA nAryaH puMvedapAkena jAyante'tra ca mAnavA: / 1991 ( zrI vIravardhamAnacarite ) - jo zuddhAcaraNazAlI hai, mAyA kuTilatA se rahita haiM, heya - upAdeya ke vicAra meM catura haiM, dakSa hai, dAna-pUjAdi meM tatpara haiM, alpa indriya sukha se jinakA citta santoSa- yukta hai, aura samyagdarzana jJAna se vibhUSita haiM, aisI striyA~ puruSa veda ke paripAka se yahA~ para manuSya hotI haiN| napuMsaka vedanIya ke Asrava:- pracura mAtrA meM kaSAya karanA, gupta indriyoM kA vinAza karanA aura parastrI se balAtkAra karanA Adi napuMsaka vedanIya ke Amrava haiN| atIvakAmasevAndhAH paradArAdilampaTAH / anaGgakrIDAnAsaktA niHzIlA vratavarjitAH / / 1001 nIcA nIcamArgapravartinaH / nIcadharmaratA ye te napuMsakAH syuzca klIbavedavazAjjaDAH / / 101 // ( zrI - vIravardhamAna cArite) - jo puruSa kAma sevana meM atyanta andha (Asakta) hote haiM, para strI, putrI Adi meM lampaTa haiM, hastamaithunAdi anaGgakrIDA meM Asakta rahate haiM, zIla- rahita hai, vrata rahita hai, nIca dharma meM saMlagna haiM, nIca hai, aura nIca mArga ke pravartaka haiM, aise jar3a - jIva napuMsaka veda ke vaza se napuMsaka hote haiN| naraka Ayu kA AsravaH bArambhaparigrahatvaM nArakAsyAyuSa: / (15) As to the age karma the inflow of narakAyukarma hellish age karma is caused by too much wordly activity and by attachment to too many worldly objects or by too much attachment. For Personal & Private Use Only 381

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bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha vAle kA bhAva narakAyu kA Asrava hai| prANiyoM ko dukha pahu~cAne vAlI pravRtti karanA Arambha hai| yaha vastu merI hai isa prakAra kA saMkalpa rakhanA parigraha hai| jisake bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha ho vaha bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha vAlA kahalAtA hai aura usakA bhAva bahvArambha parigrahatva hai| hiMsA Adi krUra kAryoM meM nirantara pravRtti, dUsare ke dhana kA apaharaNa, indriyoM ke viSayoM meM atyanta Asakti tathA marane ke samaya kRSNa lezyA aura raudradhyAna Adi kA honA narakAyu ke Asrava haiN| tattvArthasAra meM kahA bhI hai utkRSTamAnatA shailraajiisdRshrosstaa| mithyAtvaM tIvralobhatvaM nityaM nirnukmptaa||(30) ajrasaM jIvaghAtitvaM sttaanRtvaaditaa|' parasvaharaNaM nityaM nityaM maithunasevanam // (31) kAmabhogAbhilASANAM nityaM caatiprvRddhtaa| jinasyAsAdanaM sAdhusamayasya ca. bhedanam // (32) maarjaartaamrcuuddaadipaapiiy:praannipossnnm| naiHzIlyaM ca mahArambhaparigrahatayA sh||(33) kRSNalezyApariNataM raudradhyAnaM cturvidhm| AyuSo nArakasyeti bhavantyAsavahetavaH // (34) tIvra mAna karanA, pASANarekhA ke samAna tIvra krodha karanA, mithyAtva dhAraNa karanA, tIvra lobha karanA, nirantara nirdayatA ke bhAva rakhanA, sadA jIvaghAta karanA, nirantara jhUTha bolanA, sadA paradhanaharaNa karanA, nirantara maithuna sevana karanA, hamezA kAma bhoga sambandhI abhilASAoM ko atyadhika bar3hAnA, jinendra bhagavAn meM doSa lagAnA, jinAgama kA khaNDana karanA, vilAva, murgA Adi pApI jIvoM kA poSaNa karanA, zIla rahita honA, bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha rakhanA, kRSNalezyArUpa pariNati karanA tathA cAra prakAra kA (hiMsAnanda, mRSAnanda, steyAnanda, parigrahAnanda) raudradhyAna karanA ye saba narakAyu ke Asava ke hetu haiN| 382 For Personal & Private Use Only

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tiryaMca Ayu kA Asrava mAyA tairygyonsy| (16) The inflow of fertel Sub-human-age-karma is caused by HRT deceit mAyA tiryaMcAyu kA Asrava hai| cAritramoha ke udaya se kuTila bhAva hotA hai, vaha mAyA hai| cAritra moha karma ke udaya se utpanna jo AtmA kA kuTila svabhAva hai, vaha mAyA kahalAtI hai| saMkSepata: vaha mAyA nikRti tiryaJca Ayu ke Asrava kA kAraNa hai| vistAra ke mithyAtvayukta adharma kA upadeza, bahu Arambha, bahu parigraha, atipaMcanA (atyanta mAyAcAra), kUTakarma, pRthvI kI rekhA ke samAna roSa, ni:zIlatA, zabda aura saMketa Adi se paravaMcanA kA SaDyaMtra, chala-prapaJcakI rUci, paraspara phUTa DAlanA, anarthobhdAvana, varNa, rasa, gandha Adi ko vikRta karane kI abhiruci, jAtikulazIlasaMdUSaNa, visaMvAda meM rUci, mithyAjIvitva, kisI ke sadguNoM kA lopa, asadguNakhyApana, nIla evaM kApota lezyA ke pariNAma, ArtadhyAna aura maraNakAla meM ArtaraudrapariNAma ityAdi tiryaMca Ayu ke Asrava ke kAraNa tatvArthasAra meM bhI kahA hai: naiHzIlyaM nirvatatvaM ca mithyAtvaM prvnycnm| mithyAtvasamavetAnAmadharmANAM dezanam // (35) kRtrimAgurukarpUrakuDamotpAdanaM tthaa| tathA mAnatuMlAdInAM kUTAdInAM pravartanam // (36) suvarNamauktikAdInAM prtiruupknirmitiH| varNagandharasAdInAmanyathApAdanaM tthaa||(37) . tkrkssiirghRtaadiinaamnydrvyvimishrnnm| vAcAnyadutkAkaraNamanyasya kriyayA tthaa||(38) kApotanIlalezyAtvamArtadhyAnaM ca daaruunnm| tairyagyonAyuSo jJeyA mAyA cAnavahetavaH // (39) 383 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zIlarahita honA, vratarahita honA, mithyAtva dhAraNa karanA, dUsaroM ko ThaganA, mithyAtva se sahita adharmoMkA upadeza denA, kRtrima aguru, kapUra aura kezara kA banAnA, jhUThe nApataula ke bA~Ta tarAjU tathA kUTa Adi kA calAnA, nakalI suvarNa tathA motI Adi kA banAnA, varNa, gandha rasa Adi ko badalakara anyarUpa denA, chAcha, dUdha tathA ghI Adi meM anya padArthoM kA milAnA, vANI tathA kriyA dvArA dUsaroM kI viSaya abhilASA ko utpanna karanA, kApota aura nIla lezyA se yukta honA, tIvra ArtadhyAna karanA aura mAyAcAra karanA ye saba tiryaMca. Ayu ke Amrava ke hetu jAnanA caahiye| manuSya Ayu kA Amrava alpArambhaparigrahatvaM maanusssy| (17) The inflow of Higher human-age-karma is caused by slight wordly activity and by attachment to a few wordly objects of by slight attachment. alpa Arambha aura alpa parigraha vAle kA bhAva manuSyAyu kA Amrava naraka Ayu ke Asrava ke kAraNoM se viparIta bhAva manuSya Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| naraka Ayu ke AmravoM ke kAraNa bahu ArambhAdi kA varNana kara diyA hai| usase viparIta alpArambha, alparigrahatva, saMkSepa meM manuSya Ayu ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| vistAra se mithyAdarzana sahita buddhi, vinIta svabhAva, prakRtibhadratA, mArdava-Arjava pariNAma, acche AcaraNoM meM sukha mAnanA, reta kI rekhA ke samAna krodhAdi, sarala vyavahAra, alpArambha, alpa parigraha, saMtoSa meM rati, hiMsA se virakti, duSTa kAryoM se nivRtti, svAgata tatparatA, kama bolanA, prakRti madhuratA, saba ke sAtha upakAra-buddhi rakhanA, audAsInyavRtti, IrSArahita pariNAma, alpa saMklezatA, guru, devatA, atithi kI pUjA-satkAra meM ruci, dAnazIlatA, kApota, pIta lezyA ke pariNAma, maraNa samaya meM dharmadhyAna pariNati Adi lakSaNa vAle pariNAma manuSyAyu ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| 384 For Personal & Private Use Only

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svabhAvamArdavopetA aarjvaangkitvigrhaaH| santoSiNaH sadAcArA nityaM mandakaSAyiNaH // (92) zuddhAzayA vinItAzca jinendrguruudhrminnaam| ityAdyanyAmalAcArairmaNDitA ye'tra jantavaH // (93) te labhante'nyapAkena cAryakhaNDe shubhaashrite| nRgati satkulopetA rAjyAdizrIsukhAnvitAm // (94) jo svabhAva se mRdutA-yukta haiM, jinakA zarIra saralatA se saMyukta hai, santoSI haiM, sadAcArI haiM, sadA jinakI kaSAya manda rahatI hai, zubha abhiprAya rakhate haiM, vinIta haiM, jinendra deva, nirgrantha gurU aura jinadharma kA vinaya karate haiM, ina tathA aise hI anya nirmala AcaraNoM se jo jIva yahAM para vibhUSita hote haiM, ve puNya ke paripAka se zubha ke AzrayabhUta AryakhaNDa meM satkula se yukta, rAjyAdi lakSmI ke sukha se bharI huI manuSyagati ko prApta karate haiN| (zrI vIravardhamAnacarite) RjutvamISadArambhaparigrahatayA sh| svabhAvamArdavaM caiva gurupuujnshiiltaa||(40) alpasaMklezatA dAnaM viratiH praannighaattH| AyuSo mAnuSasyeti bhavantyAsavahetavaH // (41) * alpa Arambha aura alpa parigraha ke sAtha pariNAmoM meM saralatA rakhanA, svabhAva se komala honA, gurupUjana kA svabhAva honA, alpa saMkleza kA honA, dAna denA aura prANighAta se dUra rahanA ye manuSyAyu ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| ___ (tattvArthasAra-caturthAdhikAra pR.120) svabhAva mAdarva c| (18) Natural humble disposition is also the cause of human-age-karma. svabhAva kI mRdutA bhI manuSyAyu kA Amrava hai| upadeza kI apekSA ke binA hone vAlI komalatA svAbhAvika kahalAtI hai| mRdu kA bhAva yA karma mArdava hai, svabhAva se hone vAlA arthAt paropadeza ke 385 For Personal & Private Use Only

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binA hone vAlA mArdava svAbhAvika mRdutA hai| jo jIva svAbhAvika mRdutA se sahita hote haiM ve bhI manuSya Ayu kA Asrava karate haiN| 17 veM sUtra meM manuSya Ayu ke Asrava kA kAraNa batAne ke bAda bhI isa sUtra meM alaga se manuSya Ayu ke Asrava kA varNana isaliye kiyA gayA ki svAbhAvika saralatA se manuSya Ayu kA Asrava jaise hotA hai vaise hI deva Ayu kA Asrava kA bhI kAraNa banatA hai| saba AyuoM kA Asrava niHzIla vratatvaM ca srvessaam| (19). Vowlessness and sub vowlessness with slight wordly activity and slight attachment, is cause of inflow of all kinds of age-karmas zIlarahita aura vrata rahita honA saba AyuoM kA Asrava hai| sUtra meM jo 'ca' zabda hai vaha adhikAra prApta AmravoM ke samuccaya karane ke lie hai| isase yaha artha nikalatA hai ki alpa Arambha aura alpa parigraharUpa bhAva tathA zIla aura vratarahita honA saba AyuoM ke Asrava haiN| digvata Adi sAta zIla aura ahiMsAdi pA~ca vratoM ke abhAva se bhI yadi kaSAya maMda hai aura lezyAyeM zubha haiM taba deva aura manuSya Adi zubha Ayu kA Asrava hotA hai| aura jaba kaSAya tIvra hai aura lezyAyeM azubha rahatI haiM taba tiryaMca aura naraka Adi azubha Ayu kA Asrava hotA hai| isalie isa sUtra meM kahA hai ki zIlarahitatA evaM vratarahitatA se sampUrNa Ayu kA Amrava hotA hai| deva Ayu kA Asrava sarAgasaMyamasaMyamAsaMyamAkAmanirjarA bAlatapAMsi daivasya / (20) The inflow of Cary Celestial age karma is caused by Selfcontrol with slight attachment found in monks only. Restraint of vows of some but not of other passions found in laymen only. 386 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Juanimous submission to the fruition of karma. (4) bAlatapa Austerities not based upo' : ight knowledge sarAga saMyama, saMyamAsaMyama, akAma nirjarA aura bAla tapa ye devAyu ke Asrava haiN| sarAgasaMyamAdi zubha pariNAma devAyu ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| vistAra se to kalyANakArI dhArmika mitroM kI saMgati, AyatanasevA, saddharma zravaNa, svaagauravadarzana, nirdoSa proSadhopavAsa, tapa kI bhAvanA, bahuzrutatva, AgamaparatA, kaSAyoM kA nigraha, pAtradAna, pIta padmalezyA ke pariNAma aura maraNa samaya meM dharmadhyAna rUpa pariNAma Adi zubha pariNAma saudharmAdi kalpavAsI deva-Ayu ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| avyakta sAmAyika aura samyagdarzana kI virAdhanA Adi bhavanavAsI Adi devoM kI Ayu ke aura mahardhika manuSyoM kI Ayu ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| pA~ca aNuvratadhArI, samyagdRSTi manuSya aura tiryaJca, saudharma svarga se lekara acyuta nAmaka solahaveM svarga paryanta utpanna hote haiN| yadi paMcANuvrata dhAraka mAnava aura tiryaJca samyagdarzana kI virAdhanA kara dete haiM to ve bhavanavAsI Adi devoM meM utpanna hote haiN| nahIM jAnA hai jIva-ajIva ke svarUpa ko jinhoMne aise tattvajJAnazUnya bAlatapa tapane vAle, ajJAnI, tattva-kutattva ko nahIM jAnane vAle, ajJAna pUrvaka saMyama kA pAlana karane vAle, kleza ke abhAva vizeSa yAnI (manda kaSAya) ke kAraNa koI bhavanavAsI vyantarAdi meM utpanna hote haiM koI saudharma svarga se lekara sahasrAra svarga taka utpanna hote haiM aura koI ina bhAvoM se marakara mAnava evaM tiryaJca paryAya meM bhI utpanna ho sakate haiN| akAmanirjarA, bhUkha-pyAsa kA sahanA, brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana, pRthvI para zayana, maladhAraNa (snAna nahIM karanA) paritApAdi parISahoM se kheda-khinna nahIM honA, gUDha puruSoM ke bandhana meM par3a jAne para bhI nahIM ghabar3AnA, dIrghakAla taka rogI rahane para bhI saMkleza bhAva nahIM karanA, vRkSa yA parvata ke zikhara se jhampApAta karanA, anazana, agnipraveza, viSabhakSaNa Adi meM dharma mAnane vAle kutApasa marakara vyantaradeva, manuSya aura tiryaJcoM meM utpanna hote haiN| jinhoMne zIla vratoM ko dhAraNa nahIM kiyA hai kintu jinakA hRdaya anukampA se otaprota hai, jinake jalarekhA sadRza roSa hai tathA jo bhogabhUmi meM utpanna haiM, aise tiryaJca aura manuSya 387 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyantarAdi meM utpanna hote haiN| samyaktvaM ca / (21) Right belief is also the cause of celestial age karmas, but only of the heavely order. samyakatva bhI devAyu kA Asrava hai| vizeSa kathana na hone para bhI pRthak sUtra hone se saudharmAdi vizeSa gati jAnanI caahiye| samyaktva devAyu ke Asrava kA kAraNa hai, aisA sAmAnya kathana hone para bhI samyagdarzana, saudharmAdi kalpavAsI deva sambandhI Ayu ke Asrava kA kAraNa hai, yaha samajhanA caahie| kyoMki pRthak sUtra se yaha jJAta hotA hai| yadi sAmAnya rUpa se samyagdarzana deva Ayu ke Asrava kA kAraNa iSTa hotA to pRthak sUtra kI racanA vyartha hotii| kyoMki pUrva sUtra meM hI devAyu ke Asrava ke kAraNa kahe haiN| samyaktva ke sAtha niyama hai ki samyagdRSTi saudharmAdi vimAnavAsI devoM kI Ayu kA hI baMdha karatA hai, anya Ayu kA nahIM, usI prakAra sarAgasaMyama aura saMyama kA bhI niyama hai ki ve bhI svargoM kI Ayu kA bandha karate haiN| kyoMki samyagdarzana ke binA sarAgasaMyama aura saMyamAsaMyama kI utpatti nahIM hai arthAt samyaktva ke abhAva meM sarAgasaMyama aura saMyamAsaMyama nahIM ho skte| azubha nAmakarma kA Asrava yogavakratA visaMvAdanaM cAzubhasya naamnH| (22) The inflow of 379794914 bad body-making karma is caused by a non-straight forward or deceitful working of the mind, body or specch or by visavAda Wrangling, etc. wrong-belief, cnvy, back-biting, scIf-praise, censuring and others etc. yoga vakratA aura visaMvAda ye azubha nAma karma ke Asrava haiN| mana meM kucha socanA, vacana se kucha dUsare prakAra se kahanA aura kAya se bhinna rUpa se hI pravRtti karanA yogavakratA hai| mana, vacana aura kAya kA vyAkhyAna pahale kiyA jA cukA hai, unakI kuTilatA yogavakratA kahalAtI hai| anArjava For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA prayatna hI kuTilatA hai| anyathA pravRtti karanA, karAnA visaMvAdana hai| dUsaroM ko anyathA pravRtti karAnA, vastu ke svarUpa kA anyathA pratipAdana karanA arthAt zreyomArga para calane vAloM ko usa mArga kI nindA karake bure mArga para calane ko kahanA visaMvAdana ' 'ca' zabda anukta ke samuccaya ke lie hai| anukta azubha nAmakarma ke Asrava kA saMgraha karane ke lie 'ca' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| anukta azubha nAmakarma ke Asrava ke kAraNa kauna-kauna haiM ? mithyAdarzana, pizunatA asthira citta svabhAvatA, kUTamAna- tulAkaraNa (jhUThe bATa, tarAjU rakhanA), kRtrima suvarNa maNiratna Adi banAnA, jhUThI sAkSI denA, aMga-upAna kA chedana karanA, varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza kA viparItapanA arthAt svarUpa vikRti kara denA, yantra, piMjarA Adi pIr3AkArakaM padArtha banAnA, eka dravya meM dUsare dravya kA viSaya sambandha karanA, mAyA kI bahulatA, paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, mithyAbhASaNa, paradravyaharaNaM, ma'hArambha, mahAparigraha, ujjvala veSa aura rUpa kA ghamaNDa karanA, kaThora aura asabhya bhASaNa karanA, krodhabhAva rakhane aura adhika bakavAda karane meM apane saubhAgya kA upabhoga karanA, dUsaroM ko vaMza karane ke prayoga karanA, dUsare meM kautUhala utpanna karanA, bar3hiyA-bar3hiyA AbhUSaNa pahanane kI cAha rakhanA, jina mandira - caityAlaya se gandha ( candana) mAlya, dhUpa Adi ko curA lenA, kisI kI viDambanA karanA, upahAsa karanA, IMTa- cUne kA bhaTTA lagAnA, vana meM agni lagAnA, pratimA kA pratimA ke Ayatana kA arthAt caityAlaya kA aura jinakI chAyA meM vizrAma liyA jAya aise bAga bagIcoM kA vinAza karanA, tIvra krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha karanA tathA pApakarma jisameM ho aisI AjIvikA karanA ityAdi bAtoM se bhI azubha nAmakarma kA Amrava hotA hai| ye saba azubha nAmakarma ke Amrava ke hetu haiM / 9 zubha nAma karma kA Asrava tadviparItaM zubhasya / (23) The inflow of good-body-making karma is caused by the causes For Personal & Private Use Only 389

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| opposite of the obove, viz, by straight forword dealings with body, mind and speech by avoiding disputes, etc. right-belief, humilty admiring praise worthy people etc. usase viparIta arthAt yoga kI saralatA aura avisaMvAda ye zubhanAmakarma ke Asava haiN| sarala yoga aura avisaMvAdana usa yogavakratA Adi se viparIta haiN| mana, vacana, kAya kI saralatA aura avisaMvAdana zubha nAmakarma ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| dharmAtmA puruSoM ko darzana karanA, Adara satkAra karanA, unake prati sadbhAva rakhanA, saMsAra bhIrutA, pramAda kA tyAga, nizchala cAritra kA pAlana Adi pUrvokta azubha nAmakarma ke Asrava ke kAraNoM se viparIta pariNAma zubha nAmakarma ke Amrava ke kAraNa haiN| ina saba zubhanAmakarma ke Amrava ke kAraNoM kA 'ca' zabda se saMgraha hotA hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / tIrthaMkara prakRti kA Asrava darzanavizuddhirvinayasampannatA zaktitastatyAgatapasI zIlavrateSvanaticAro'bhIkSNajJAnopayogasaMvegau sAdhusamAdhivaiyAvRtyakaraNamarhadAcAryabahuzruta pravacanabhaktirAvazyakAparihANimArgaprabhAvanA pravacanavatsalatvamiti tIrthakaratvasya / (24) The inflow of bhAvanA of the following 16 matters: (1 ) darzanavizuddhi purity of right belief. ( 2 ) vinayasampannatA Reverence for means of Liberation and for those who follow them. (3) zIlavrateSvanaticAra Faultless observance of the 5 vows and a faultless subdual of the passions. (4) abhIkSNajJAnopayoga Ceaseless pursuit of right knowledge. (5) saMvega Perpetual apprehension of mundane miseries. (6) zaktitastyAga Giving up for others of knowledge etc. according * to one's capacity. 390 of body-making karma is caused by meditation For Personal & Private Use Only

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( 7 ) zaktitastapa: The practice of austerities according to one's capacity. ( 8 ) sAdhusamAdhi Protecting and reassuring the saints or removing their troubles. (9) vaiyAvRtyakaraNa Serving the meritorious. ( 10 ) arhadbhakti Devotion to arhats or Ommiscient Lords. ( 11 ) AcAryabhakti Devotion to Acharyas or heads of the orders of saints. (12) bahuzrutabhakti Devotion to Upadhyayas or teaching saints. (13) pravacanabhakti Devotion to scriptures. (14) AvazyakAparihANi Not neglecting one's 6 important daily duties. (15) mArgaprabhAvanA Propagation of the Liberation. ( 16 ) pravacanavatsalatva Temder affection for one's brothers the path of liberation. darzanavizuddhi, vinaya saMpannatA, zIla aura vratoM kA aticAra rahita pAlana karanA, jJAna meM satat upayoga, satat saMvega, zakti ke anusAra tyAga, zakti ke anusAra tapa, sAdhu-samAdhi, vaiyAvRtya karanA, arihaMta bhakti, AcArya bhakti, bahuzruta bhakti, pravacana bhakti, Avazyaka kriyAoM ko na chor3anA, mokSamArga kI prabhAvanA aura pravacana vAtsalya ye tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke Asrava haiN| (1 ) darzanavizuddhi - jinopadiSTa nirgrantha mokSamArga meM nizaGkitAdi ATha guNa sahita rUci karanA darzanavizuddhi hai| jinendra bhagavAna arhat parameSThI ke dvArA pratipAdita nirgranthalakSaNa mokSamArga meM rUci honA darzanavizuddhi hai| isa darzanavizuddhi 1. nizaMkitatva, 2. ni: kAGkSatA, 3. nirvicikitsA, 4. amUDhadRSTitA, 5. upavRhaNa vA upagUhana, 6. sthitikaraNa, 7. vAtsalatA, aura 8 prabhAvanA ye ATha aGga haiN| (1) nizaMkitatva :- ihalokabhaya, paralokabhaya, vyAdhibhaya, maraNabhaya, aguptibhaya, arakSaNabhaya aura Akasmikabhaya ina sAta bhayoM se mukta rahanA arthAt maraNa Adi se bhayabhIta nahIM honA athavA jinendra bhagavAna kathita tattva meM 'yaha hai yA nahIM' isa prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanA niHzaGkita hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 391

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(2) ni:kAGkSatA:-dharma ko dhAraNa karake isa loka aura paraloka meM viSayabhogoM kI kAMkSA nahIM karanA aura anya kudRSTiyoM kI (mithyAdRSTi sambandhI) AkAMkSAoM kA nirAsa karanA arthAt mithyAdharma kI vAMchA nahIM karanA niHkAMkSita aMga hai| (3) nirvicikitsA :- zarIrAdi ke azuci svabhAva ko jAnakara usameM zucitva ke mithyAsaMkalpa ko chor3a denA, athavA arhat ke dvArA upadiSTa pravacana meM yaha ayukta haiM' 'jina pravacana ghora kaSTadAyaka hai' 'ye jinakathana ghaTita nahIM ho sakate' 'ityAdi rUpa se jinadharma ke prati azubha bhAvanAoM se citta meM vicikitsA (glAni) nahIM karanA nirvicikitsA aMga hai| (4) amUDhadRSTitA:- tattva ke samAna avabhAsamAna aneka prakAra ke mithyAvAdiyoM ke mithyA mArgoM meM yukta-ayukta (yogyAyogya) bhAvoM kA parIkSA rUpI cakSuoM ke dvArA bhale prakAra se nirNaya karake unase moha nahIM karanA amUDhadRSTi aMga hai| (5) upavRMhaNa :- uttama kSamA Adi dharma-bhAvanAoM ke dvArA AtmIya-dharma kI vRddhi karanA, AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa karanA upavRMhaNa aMga hai| (6) sthitikaraNa :- kaSAyodaya se dharmabhraSTa hone ke kAraNa upasthita hone para bhI apane dharma se paricyuta nahIM honA, usakA barAbara pAlana karanA sthitikaraNa aMga hai| (7) vAtsalatA :- jinapraNIta dharmAmRta se nitya anurAga rakhanA vAtsalya aGga hai| (8) prabhAvanA :- samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra rUpa ratnatraya ke prabhAva se AtmA ko prakAzita karanA prabhAvanA aMga hai| (2) vinayasampannatA :- jJAnAdi meM tathA jJAnadhAriyoM meM Adara karanA tathA unameM kaSAya kI nivRtti karanA vinayasampannatA hai| samyagjJAnAdi mokSa ke sAdhanoM meM tathA jJAnAdi ke sAdhana (nimitta) gurU Adi meM yogya rIti se satkAra Adara karanA tathA kaSAya kI nivRtti karanA vinayasampannatA hai| (3) zIla aura vratoM kA aticAra rahita pAlana karanA :-cAritra ke vikalparUpa zIlavratoM meM nirdoSa pravRtti zIlavrateSvanaticAra hai| ahiMsA Adi vrata tathA unake 392 For Personal & Private Use Only

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paripAlana ke lie krodhAdi ke tyAga rUpa zIloM meM mana, vacana, kAya kI nirdoSa pravRtti karanA zIlavrateSvanaticAra hai| (4) abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga :- jJAnabhAvanA se nityayuktatA jJAnopayoga hai| jIvAdi padArtharUpa svatattvaviSaya ko pratyakSa aura parokSa rUpa se jAnanA hai lakSaNa jinakA aise matijJAnAdi vikalparUpa jJAna pA~ca prakAra ke haiN| ajJAna kI nivRtti inakA sAkSAt phala hai tathA hitaprApti, ahita - parihAra aura upekSA yaha vyavahita (parokSa) phala hai| isa jJAna kI bhAvanA meM sadA tatpara rahanA hI abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga hai| (5) satata saMvega :- saMsAra ke duHkhoM se nitya bhayabhIta rahanA saMvega hai| zArIrika, mAnasika Adi aneka prakAra ke priyaviyoga, apriyasaMyoga, iSTa vastu kA alAbha Adi janita duHkha atikaSTadAyaka haiM, ataH una saMsAra duHkhoM se nitya bhayabhIta rahanA saMvega hai| ( 6 ) zakti ke anusAra tyAga :- para kI prIti ke lie apanI vastu ko denA tyAga hai / pAtra ke lie diyA gayA AhAra usa dina usakI prIti kA hetu banatA hai| abhayadAna usa bhava ke duHkhoM ko dUra karanevAlA hai aura pAtra ko saMtoSajanaka hai| samyagjJAna kA dAna aneka sahasra bhavoM ke duHkhoM se chuTakArA dilAne vAlA hai arthAt aneka bhavoM ke duHkhoM ke nAza meM kAraNabhUta hai| ataH ye yathAvidhi (vidhipUrvaka ) diye gaye tInoM prakAra ke dAna hI tyAga kahalAte haiN| ( 7 ) zakti ke anusAra tapa :- apanI zakti ko nahIM chipAkara mArgAvirodhI kAyakleza Adi karanA tapa kahalAtA hai / yaha zarIra duHkha kA kAraNa hai, azuci hai, yatheSTa (icchAnusAra) paMcendriya ke bhogoM ko bhogane para bhI inase tRpti nahIM hotI hai| ataH ise yatheSTa bhogavidhi se puSTa karanA yukta nahIM hai| yaha azuci zarIra bhI zIlavratAdi guNoM ke saMcaya meM AtmA kI sahAyatA karatA hai, aisA vicAra karake viSayoM se virakta ho AtmakArya ke prati zarIra kA naukara kI taraha upayoga kara lenA ucita hai| ataH isa zarIra se yathAzakti mArga - avirodhI kAyakleza rUpa anuSThAna karanA tapa kahalAtA hai| ( 8 ) sAdhu-samAdhi :- bhANDAgAra kI agniprazamana ke samAna munigaNoM ke tapa kA saMdhAraNa karanA sAdhusamAdhi hai| jaise- bhaNDAra meM Aga lagane para bhaNDAra For Personal & Private Use Only 393

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bahuupakArI hone se usa agni kA prayatnapUrvaka zamana kiyA jAtA hai arthAt agni ke zamana karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra aneka vratazIloM samRddha munigaNa ke tapa Adi meM vighna ho jAne para usa vighna kA nivAraNa karanA sAdhusamAdhi hai / se -- ( 9 ) vaiyAvRtya karanA :- guNavAnoM para duHkha Ane para nirdoSa vidhi se usako dUra karanA vaiyAvRtya hai| guNavAna (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke dhArI) sAdhujanoM para Aye hue saMkaTa, roga Adi Apatti ko nirdoSa rIti se dUra karanA unakI sevAdi karanA bahu upakArI vaiyAvRtya hai| (10 se 13 ) arihaMtAdi bhakti arhat, AcArya, aura pravacana meM bahuzruta bhAvavizuddhi yukta jo anurAga hai, usakA nAma bhakti hai / kevalajJAna rUpI divya netra ke dhArI arhanta meM, zrutajJAna rUpI divya netra ke dhArI AcArya meM, parahitapravaNa aura svasamaya evaM parasamaya ke vistAra ke nizcaya karane vAle bahuzruta (upAdhyAya) meM tathA zrutadevatA ke prasAda se prApta hone vAle mokSa -: - mahala meM ArUr3ha hone ke lie sopAna rUpa pravacana ( jinavANI) meM, bhAvazuddhipUrvaka anurAga karanA bhakti hai / yaha bhakti tIna yA cAra prakAra kI hai| ( 14 ) Avazyaka kriyAoM ko na chor3anA :- SaT Avazyaka kriyAoM kA yathAkAla pravartana karanA Avazyaka aparihANi bhAvanA hai| sAmAyika, caturviMzatisaMstavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga ye chaha Avazyaka kriyAe~ haiN| sarvasAvadya yogoM kA tyAga karanA tathA citta ko ekAgra rUpa se jJAna meM lagAnA sAmAyika hai| caturviMzati tIrthaMkaroM kA kIrtana caturviMzatistava hai| mana, vacana, kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka khaDgAsana yA padmAsana se cAra-cAra zironati aura bAraha AvartapUrvaka vandanA hotI hai| kRta doSoM kI nivRtti pratikramaNa hai| bhaviSya meM hone vAle doSoM kA apohana - tyAga karanA arthAt 'bhaviSya meM doSa na hone dene ke lie sannaddha honA pratyAkhyAna hai / pramitakAla taka zarIra se mamatva kA tyAga karanA kAyotsarga hai| ina Sar3Avazyaka kriyAoM ko yathAkAla binA nAgA kiye svAbhAvika krama se karate rahanA, utsukatA kA tyAga nahIM karanA arthAt utsukatApUrvaka karanA Avazyaka aparihANi bhAvanA kahalAtI hai| 394 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(15) mokSamArga kI prabhAvanA :- jJAna, tapa, jinapUjA vidhi Adi ke dvArA dharma kA prakAzana karanA mArgaprabhAvanA hai| parasamaya rUpI khadyota ke prakAza ko parAbhUta karane vAle jJAna rUpI sUrya kI prabhA se, indra ke siMhAsana ko ka~pA dene vAle mahopavAsa Adi samyak tapoM ke dvArA aura bhavyajana rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane ke lie sUrya kI prabhA ke samAna jinapUjA ke dvArA saddharma kA prakAza karanA mArgaprabhAvanA hai| (16) pravacana vAtsalya :- bachar3e meM gAya ke samAna dhArmika janoM meM sneha pravacanavAtsalya hai| jaise gAya apane bachar3e se akRtrima sneha karatI hai, usI prakAra sAdharmika janoM ko dekhakara tadgata sneha se otaprota ho jAnA, vA citta kA dharmasneha se Ardra ho jAnA pravacanavAtsalyatva hai; jo sAdharmiyoM ke sAtha sneha hai, vahI to pravacanasneha hai| ___ samyak prakAra se pRthak-pRthak yA sarvarUpa se bhAvita ye Sor3azakAraNabhAvanAyeM tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke Asrava ke kAraNa hotI haiN| nIca gotra kA Asrava parAtmanindAprazaMse sadsadguNocchAdanodbhAvane ca niicairgotrsy| (25) . The inflow of te val low-family-determining karma is caused by (1) paranindA Seaking ill of others. (2)||CHYSTAT Praising oneselt. (3) sadguNocchAdana Concealing the good qualities of others; and. (4) asadguNodbhAvana Proclaiming in oneself the good qualities which one does not possess. paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, sadguNoM kA ucchAdana, asadguNoM kA udbhAvana ye nIca gotra ke Asrava haiN| sacce yA jhUThe doSa ko prakaTa karane kI icchA nindA hai| guNoM ke prakaTa karane kA bhAva prazaMsA hai| para aura AtmA zabda ke sAtha inakA krama se sambandha hotA hai| yathA paranindA aura Atma prshNsaa| rokanevAle kAraNoM ke rahanepara prakaTa nahIM karane kI vRtti honA ucchAdana hai aura rokanevAle kAraNoM kA abhAva hone 395 For Personal & Private Use Only

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para prakaTa karane kI vRtti honA udbhAvana hai| yahA~ bhI krama se sambandha hotA hai| yathA-sadguNoMcchAdana aura asadguNodbhAvanA ina saba ko nIca gotra ke Asrava ke kAraNa jAnanA caahie| ucca gotra karma kA Amrava ___ tadviparyayo nIcairvRttyanutseko cottrsy|(26) The inflow of the next, i,e, JTapital hight-family-determining karma is caused by the opposite of the above, i,c, by : (1) para prazaMsA - Prasing others; (2) AtmanindA - Denouncing one's self; (3) HGYUGEOTGH - Proclaiming the good-qualities of others. (4) asadguNodbhAvana - Not proclaiming one's own; (5) nIcairvRtti - An attitude of humility towards one's better; (6) anutseka - Not being proud of one's own achievements or altainments. unakA viparyaya arthAt para prazaMsA, AtmanindA, sadguNoM kA udbhAvana aura asadguNoM kA ucchAdana tathA namravRtti aura anutseka ye ucca gotra ke Asrava haiN| jo guNoM meM utkRSTa haiM unake prati vinaya se namra rahanA nIcairvRtti hai| jJAnAdi kI apekSA zreSTha hote hue bhI usakA mada na karanA arthAt ahaMkAra rahita honA anutseka hai| ye uttara arthAt ucca gotra ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| tIrtheza gurU saGghAnAmuccaiH pdmyaatmnaam| pratyahaM va nutiM bhaktiM tanvanti guNa kIrtanam / / [196] svasya nindAM ca ye'trAryA gunnidossopguuhnm| te'putra trijagadvandyaM gotraMzrayanti gotrtH|| [197] jo Aryajana tIrthaMkara, sugurU, jinasaMgha aura uccapadamayI paMca parameSThiyoM kI pratidina pUjA-bhakti karate haiM, unake guNoM kA kIrtana karate haiM unheM namaskAra karate haiM, apane doSoM kI nindA karate haiM aura dUsare guNI janoM ke doSoM kA 396 For Personal & Private Use Only

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upagUhana karane haiM, ve purUSa ucca gotra karma ke paripAka se para bhava meM trijagad-vaMdya ucca gotra karma kA Azraya prApta karate haiM arthAt tIrthaMkara hote haiN| antarAya karma kA Amrava vighnakaraNamantarAyasya / ( 27 ) Karma is caused by disturbing others The inflow of obstructive 3 in dAna Charity lAbha gain, bhoga enjoyment of consumable things; and aff making use of their powers. dAnAdika meM vighna DAlanA aMtarAya karma kA Amrava hai| dAnAdi kA vighAta karanA vighna kahalAtA hai / dAnAdi arthAt dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya / kisI ke dAna lAbhAdi meM vighna upasthita karanA vighna kahalAtA hai| jJAna kA praticcheda satkAropaghAta ( kisI ke satkAra meM vighna DAlanA) dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga, vIrya, snAna, anulepana, gandha, mAlya, AcchAdana, vibhUSaNa, zayana, Asana, bhakSya, bhojya, peya, lehya aura paribhoga Adi meM vighna karanA, kisI ke vibhava, samRddhi meM vismaya karanA, dravya kA tyAga nahIM karanA, dravya ke upayoga ke samarthana meM pramAda karanA, devatA ke lie nivedita kiye gaye yA anivedita kiye gaye dravya kA grahaNa karanA, ATTIT . avarNavAda karanA, nirdoSa upakaraNoM kA tyAga, dUsaroM kI zakti kA apaharaNa, dharma kA vyavaccheda karanA, kuzala cAritra vAle tapasvI, gurU tathA caitya kI vyAghAta karanA, dIkSita, kRpaNa, dIna, anAtha Adi ko diye jAne vAle vastra, pAtra, Azraya, Adi meM vighna karanA, paranirodha, bandhana, guhya aMgacchedana, kAna, nAka, oMTha Adi kA kATa denA, prANivadha Adi antarAya karma ke Astrava ke kAraNa haiM / pUjA tapasvigurUcaityAnAM pUjAlopapravartanam / anAthadInakRpaNabhikSAdipratiSedhanam vadhabandhanirodhaizca nAsikAcchedakartanam / pramAdAddevatAdattanaivedyagrahaNaM For Personal & Private Use Only 115511 tathA // 15611 397

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niravadyopakaraNaparityAgo vadho'GginAm / dAnabhogopabhogAdipratyUhakaraNaM tathA // 57 // jJAnasya pratiSedhazca dharmavighnakRtistathA / ityevamantarAyasya bhavantyAsravahetavaH / / 58 / / tapasvI, gurU aura pratimAoM kI pUjA na karane kI pravRtti calAnA, anAtha, dIna tathA kRpaNa manuSyoM ko bhikSA Adi dene kA niSedha karanA, vadha-bandhana tathA anya prakAra kI rUkAvaToM ke sAtha pazuoM kI nAsikA Adi kA cheda karanA, devatAoM ko car3hAye hue naivedya kA pramAda se grahaNa karanA, nirdoSa upakaraNoM kA parityAga karanA (jina pIchI yA kamaNDala Adi upakaraNoM meM koI kharAbI nahIM AI hai unheM choDakara naye grahaNa karanA), jIvoM kA ghAta karanA, dAna - bhoga-upabhoga Adi meM vighna karanA, jJAna kA pratiSedha karanA - svAdhyAya yA paThana-pAThana kA niSedha karanA, tathA dharmakAryoM meM vighna karanA ye saba antarAya-karma ke Astrava ke hetu haiN| abhyAsa prazna : 1. karmAsrava kina - kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? 2. zubhAmrava kise kahate haiM tathA pApAsrava kise kahate haiM ? 3. sAmparAyika Asrava kise kahate haiM tathA IryApatha Amrava kise kahateM haiM ? 4. sAmparAyika Asrava kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? 5. Amrava kI vizeSatA meM kyA-kyA kAraNa hai ? 6. jIvAdhikaraNa kA varNana karo ? 7. jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa Amrava ke kAraNa kyA hai ? 8. asAtAvedanIya kA Asrava kyoM hotA hai ? 9. sAtA vedanIya ke Asrava kA kAraNa kyA hai 398 (tattvArthasAra pR.123) 10. mithyAtva karma kA Asrava kyoM hotA hai ? 11. vibhinna cAritra mohanIya karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa batAo ? 12. jIva naraka - Ayu kA Asrava kyoM karatA hai ? For Personal & Private Use Only

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13. tiryaMca Ayu kA Amrava kaise hotA hai ? 14. manuSyAyu ke Asrava ke kyA-kyA kAraNa haiM? 15. devAyu kA Asrava kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? 16. azubha nAma karma kA Asrava kyoM hotA hai ? 17. tIrthaMkara prakRti kA Asrava kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai una kAraNoM ___ kA varNana kro| 18. nIca gotra va ucca gotra kA Asrava kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? 19. antarAya karma kA Asrava yaha jIva kyoM karatA haiM ? dUsaroM ke durguNa dekho, grahaNa karane ke lie nahIM, parantu svayaM durguNoM se bacane ke lie| eka paMtha se kevala do kAja karanA mahAnatA kA paricAyaka nahIM parantu aneka kAja karanA mahAnatA hai| guru ke nAma para ziSya kA nAma honA, pitA ke nAma para putra kA nAma honA mahatva kA nahIM, parantu ziSya ke nAma para guru kA nAma, putra ke nAma para pitA kA nAma honA mahattva kA hai| sukha, zAMti, jJAna, AtmA kA guNa dharma hone se ise prApta karanA pratyeka prANI kA kevala karttavya hI nahIM balki adhikAra hai| pahale kartavya pAlana karo, adhikAra svayameva mila jaayegaa| duniyA~ jhukatI hai jhukAne vAlA caahie| Adarza paramparA se bhI mahAn satya hai| satya jaba vikRta ho jAtA hai taba rUr3hi janma letI hai| - 399 For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 7 zubhAsrava kA varNana Influx of puniya (Merit) vrata kA lakSaNa hisAnRtasteyAbrahmaparigrahebhyo virtivrtm| (1) vrata Vow is to be free from; hiMsA Injury; anRta Falsehood; Frite theft; abrahma unchastity; and parigraha worldly attachment; (or worldly objects) hiMsA, asatya, corI, abrahma aura parigraha se nivRtta honA vrata hai| Asrava padArtha ke vyAkhyAna kI pratijJA karake Asrava ke eka sau ATha bhedoM kI saMkhyA kA aneka rItiyoM se vicAra kiyA hai arthAt Amrava ke bheda kahe haiN| puNyarUpa aura pAparUpa kaSAyoM kA nimitta hone se vaha Amrava do prakAra kA hai-eka puNyAsava, dUsarA paapaasv| una puNya evaM pApa AmravoM meM se aba puNyAsrava kA varNana karate haiN| puNyAsava pradhAna hai, kyoMki mokSa puNyAsavapUrvaka hI hotA hai arthAt Amrava ke vicAra meM kahA gayA puNyAsava mokSa meM paramparA kAraNa hone se isa samaya vyAkhyeya hai| hiMsAdi kA lakSaNa-Age isI adhyAya ke 13,14,15,16,17 sUtra meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha kA lakSaNa kaheMge ; usase inakA lakSaNa jAnanA caahiye| viramaNa kA nAma virati hai| cAritramohanIya karma ke upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama ke nimitta se aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika cAritra kI prakaTatA hone se jo virakti hotI hai, use virati kahate haiN| abhisandhikRta niyama vrata kahalAtA hai| buddhipUrvaka parippAma vA buddhipUrvaka 400 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pApoM kA tyAga abhisandhi hai| yaha aisA hI karanA hai, anya prakAra se nivRtti hai;' aise niyama ko abhisandhi kahate haiN| abhisandhikRta (buddhipUrvaka kiyA huA) niyama sarvatra vrata kahalAtA hai| arthAt zubha kAryoM meM pravRtti aura azubha se nivRtti hI vrata hai| vrata meM kisI anya kArya se nivRtti hI mukhya hotI __hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM ke tyAga se kevala zubhAmrava nahIM hotA hai parantu azubha Asrava kA nirodha (saMvara) bhI hotA hai| pA~ca pApoM ke tyAga se kevala paraloka hI nahIM sudharatA hai parantu ihaloka arthAt vartamAna jIvana bhI Adarza evaM sukhamaya banatA hai| jaina dharma meM to hiMsAdi pA~coM pApoM tathA ahiMsAdi pA~coM vratoM kA varNana atyanta vistAra se vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se saTIka kiyA gayA hai| anya dharma meM bhI isakA varNana yatra-tatra pAyA jAtA hai| hindu dharma ke mahAn RSi yAjJavalkya ne bhI ahiMsAdi ko dharma kahA hai| yathA ahiMsA satyamasteyaM shaucmindriynigrhH| dAnaM dayA damaH zAntiH sarveSAM dhrmsaadhnm|| (1) ahiMsA (2) satya (3) asteya (acaurya) (4) zauca (zuddhatA, nirlobhatA, pavitratA) (5) indriya nigraha (saMyama) (6) dAna (7) dayA (8) dama (duSpravRttiyoM ko rokanA) kSAnti (kSamA dhAraNa karanA) ye saba dharma ke lie sAdhana svarUpa haiN| ___pAtaJjala yogadarzana meM maharSi pAtaJjali ne bhI aSTAMga yoga kA varNana karate hue yama ko prathama sthAna diyA hai| binA yama Age ke sAta aMgo se bhI yoga (dhyAna) kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| jainadharma meM jisako paMcavrata kahA hai usako pAtaJjali ne yama kahA hai| pA~ca yama yathA. "ahiMsA satyAsteyabrahmacaryAparigrahA ymaaH||(30) (pR.242) . ahiMsA, satya, asteya (corI na karanA), brahmacarya aura aparigraha ye pAMca yama kahe jAte haiN| 401 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hiMsAdi pA~coM pApoM ke tyAga se evaM ahiMsA Adi pAMca vratoM ke sevana se jo lAbha hotA hai usakA varNana svayaM pAtaJjali ne nimna prakAra kiyA hai __ ahiMsApratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vairtyaagH|(35 pR.258) ahiMsAviSayaka pUrNa sthiratA ho jAne para ahiMsA pratiSTha yogI kI sannidhi meM Ane para prANiyoM kA svAbhAvika vaira bhI nivRtta ho jAtA hai (usa samaya sA~pa-cUhA, zera-bakarI bhI apanA vaira bhulA dete haiN)| satyapratiSThAyAM kriyaaphlaashrytvm||(36) satya viSayaka pratiSThA kI prApti hone para zubhAzubha kriyA se hone vAle dharmAdharma evaM isa dharmAdharma kA phala svarga-narakAdi kA Azraya yogI bana jAtA asteyapratiSThAyAM sarvaratnoparasthAnam // (37) asteya viSayaka pratiSThA kI prApti hone para sabhI prakAra ke ratnoM kI upasthiti hotI hai ; kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki asteya pratiSTha yogI kI icchA hone para deza-dezAntaroM ke saba prakAra ke hIre motI Adi ratna upasthita ho jAte haiN| brahmacaryapratiSThAyAM vIryalAbhaH // (38) brahmacarya viSayaka pratiSThA prApta hone para vIrya (saba prakAra kI viziSTa zakti) kA lAbha hotA hai| aparigrahasthairye janmakathantAsambodhaH / / (39) ___ aparigraha viSayaka sthiratA prApta hone para bhUta, bhAvI tathA vartamAna janma tathA una janmoM kI viziSTatA kA sAkSAtkAra (isa yogI ko hotA hai)! zaucAtsvAGgajugupsA-parairasaMsargaH // (40) zauca ke pUrNata: anuSThAna se arthAt zauca kI sthiratA se yogI mana meM apane aMgoM ke prati glAni athavA ghRNA utpanna hotI hai aura dUsaroM ko sparza karane kA abhAva ho jAtA hai arthAt cAhe vyakti kitanA hI pavitra kyoM na 402 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ho yogI kA mana use sparza karanA nahIM cAhatA hai| vrata ke deshsrvto'nnumhtii| (2) Vows are of two kinds. aNuvrata Partial vow, mahAvrata Full vow, hiMsAdika ekadeza nivRtta honA aNuvrata hai aura saba prakAra se nivRtta honA mahAvrata hai| samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra hI mokSamArga hai evaM isakI pUrNatA hI mokSa hai| ratnatraya jIva ke svasvabhAva hone ke kAraNa ratnatraya jIva ko chor3akara anyatra nahIM rahatA hai tathApi karmabandhana ke kAraNa mithyAdRSTi kA ratnatraya viparIta rUpa meM pariNamana karatA hai arthAt mithyAdRSTi, mithyAjJAna evaM mithyAcAritra sahita hotA hai| jaba antaraMga bahiraMga sampUrNa kAraNoM ko prApta karatA hai evaM virodha kAraNoM kA abhAva hotA hai taba jIva samyagdarzana prApta karatA hai| samyagdarzana prApta hone ke sAtha-sAtha usakA jJAna samyagjJAna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra jIva ko caturthaguNasthAna vartI avirata samyagdRSTi kahA jAtA hai| gommaTasAra meM kahA bhI hai| jo iMdriyesa virado, No jIve thAvare tase vaapi| jo saddahadi jiNuttaM sammAiTThI avirado so||29|| (gommaTasAra pR.22) _jo indriyoM ke viSayoM se tathA trasa sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se virakta nahIM hai, kintu jinendra deva dvArA kathita pravacana kA zraddhAna karatA hai vaha avirata samyagdRSTi hai| isalie caraNAnuyoga kI apekSA-caturtha guNasthAnavI jIva deza cAritra yA sakala cAritra se rahita hai tathApi karaNAnuyoga kI apekSA samyagdarzana evam samyak cAritra ko ghAta karane vAlI anaMtAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke upazama athavA kSayopazama yA kSaya ke kAraNa caturtha guNasthAna meM bhI AMzika cAritra hai, jisako samyaktvAcaraNa cAritra kahate haiN| isa cAritra meM aSTamada Adi kA abhAva hotA hai| 403 For Personal & Private Use Only

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. jaba samyak dRSTi ke cAritra mohanIya karma arthAt apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kA vizeSa kSayopazama hotA hai taba vaha jIva dezavirata paMcama guNasthAna vartI jIva bana jAtA hai| samantabhadrasvAmI ne zrAvakAcAra saMhitA svarUpa ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kahA bhI hai darzanalAbhAdavAptasaMjJAnaH / caraNaM pratipadyate sAdhuH // ( 2 ) moha rUpI andhakAra ke dUra hone para samyakdarzana kI prApti se jise samyakjJAna prApta huA hai, aisA bhavya jIva rAgadveSa kI nivRtti ke liye cAritra ko prApta hotA hai| mohatimirApaharaNe rAgadveSanivRtyai hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha rUpI pApoM ko tyAga karanA cAritra hai / parantu jisakI pratyAkhyAna kaSAya catuSka evam saMjvalana kaSAya catuSka kA udaya rahatA hai taba vaha jIva sakala cAritra ko dhAraNa nahIM kara pAtA hai, parantu zrAvaka yogya paMcamaguNasthAna vartI dezacAritra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| jisakA kevala saMjvalana catuSka kA udaya hai vaha sakala cAritra ko dhAraNa kara letA hai / isa apekSA cAritra (vrata) ke do bheda ho jAte haiM (1) deza yA aNuvrata (2) pUrNa yA mahAvrata / amRtacandra sUri ne kahA bhI hai hiMsAto'nRtavacanAt steyAdabrahmata: kAtsnyaikadezaviratezcAritraM jAyate 404 hiMsA se, asatya vacana se, corI se, kuzIla se, parigraha se samasta virata aura eka dezavirata se cAritra do prakAra hotA hai / parigrahata: / dvividhaM // 40 // (g.ff.q.105) nirataH kAtsnaryanivRttau bhavati yati: samayasArabhUto'yam / tvekadezaviratirniratastasyAmupAsako yA sarvathA tyAga rUpa cAritra meM lavalIna rahane vAle ye muni mahArAja AtmA ke sArabhUta zuddhopayoga rUpa AtmA svarUpa meM AcaraNa karane vAle hote haiM, yaha jo ekadeza rUpa tyAga hai usameM lavalIna rahane vAlA zrAvaka hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only bhavati // ( 41 )

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sakalaM vikalaM caraNaM tatsakalaM srvsNgvirtaanaam| anagArANAM vikalaM sAgArANAM ssNgaanaam||(4)|| vaha cAritra sakala cAritra aura vikala cAritra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| uname se sampUrNa cAritra samasta parigrahoM se rahita muniyoM ke aura ekadeza cAritra parigraha yukta gRhasthoM ke hotA hai| jo tasavahAu virado aviradao taha ya thaavrvhaado| ekkasamayamhi jIvo, viradAvido jinnekkmii||(31)|| (go.sA.pR.24) jo jIva jinendra deva meM advitIya zraddhA ko rakhatA huA trasa kI hiMsA se virata aura usa hI samaya meM sthAvara kI hiMsA se avirata hotA hai usa jIva ko viratAvirata kahate haiN| mahAvratI saMjalaNaNokasAyaNudayAdo saMjamo have jmhaa| malajaNaNapamAdo vi ya tamhA hu pamattavirado so||(32) (go.sA.24) :: sakala saMyama ko rokane vAlI pratyAkhyAnAnavaraNa kaSAya kA kSayopazama hone se pUrNa saMyama to ho cukA hai, kintu usa saMyama ke sAtha-sAtha saMjvalana aura nokaSAya kA udaya rahane se saMyama meM mala ko utpanna karane vAlA pramAda bhI hotA hai| ataeva isa guNasthAna ko pramatta virata kahate haiN| vigalitadarzana mohaiH samaMjasajJAnaviditatattvAthaiH / ... nityamapi niprakampaiH samyaka caaritrmaalNbym||(31) pu.si.u.pR.101 naSTa ho cukA hai darzana mohanIya karma jinakA samyagjJAna ke dvArA jAne haiM jIva ajIva Adika tatva jinhoMne jo sadA aDola athavA acala rahane vAle haiM aise puruSoM-jIvoM dvArA samyak cAritra dhAraNa kiyA jAnA caahie| daulatarAma jI ne chahaDhAlA meM bhI aNuvratI evaM mahAvratI kA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai 405 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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aNuvratI samyakjJAnI hoya bahuri dir3ha cAritra liijai| eka deza aru sakala deza, tasu bheda khiije|| trasa hiMsA ko tyAga-vRthA thAvara na sNhaare| para vadhakAra kaThora nindya nahiM vayana ucaarai||(9) jala mRtikA bina aura nAhiM kachu gahai adttaa| nija vanitA bina sakala nAri so rahe virttaa|| apanI zakti vicAra parigraha thoro raakhe| mahAvratI SaTkAya jIva na hanana teM, saba vidha daraba hiMsA ttrii| rAgAdibhAva nivArateM, hiMsA na bhAvita avtrii|| jinake na leSa mRSA na jala mRNa ha binA dIyo ghai| aThadaza sahasa vidha zIla dhara, cida brahma meM nita rami rheN||(1) vratoM kI sthiratA ke kAraNa tatsthairyArtha bhAvanA: paJca pnyc| (3) For the fixing of these (5 vows in the mind, these are) 5 (kinds of) meditation (contmplation or observance.) una vratoM ko sthira karane ke lie pratyeka vrata kI pA~ca pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiN| vrata svIkAra karane ke bAda usakI nirmalatA, sthiratA evaM vRddhi ke lie bhAvanA karanI caahie| kyoMki bhAvanA meM aisI AdhyAtmika zakti hotI hai jisase kaSTa sAdhya kArya bhI saralatA se sahajatA se ho jAte haiN| prAcIna nItikAroM ne bhAvanA kI zakti kA anubhava karake kahA bhI hai "yAdRzI bhAvanA yasya siddhirbhavati tAdRzI' / yaha prasiddha nIti vAkya aneka rahasya se bharA hai| jisakI bhAvanA jisa prakAra hotI hai usakI kAryasiddhi bhI tadanukUla hotI hai| "As you think so you become' jaisA socege vaisA bnoge|' kharAba vicAra karege to kharAba banoge 406 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttama vicAra karoge to uttama banoge / bhAvanA bhava nAzanI bhAvanA bhava varddhanI / bhAvanA se ananta duHkha ke kAraNabhUta bhava vRddhi hotI hai evaM bhAvanA saMsAra vilaya ko prApta ho jAtA hai| . bhAvanA ke bala para muni mahArAja bAhya upasarga, parISaha ko jItate haiM evaM vairAgya ko bhI bar3hAte haiN| chahaDhAlA meM kavivara daulatarAma ne kahA bhI haimunisakalavratI bar3abhAgI bhava bhoganataiM vairAgI / vairAgya upAvana mAI cintai anuprekSA bhAI // ( paMcama DhAla ) he bhAI! mahAvratI munirAja bar3e bhAgyavAna haiM ve saMsAra aura bhoMgoM se ho jAte haiN| ve munirAja vairAgya ko utpanna karane ke liye mAtA ke samAna bAraha bhAvanAoM kA ciMtavana karate haiN| ina cintata saba sukha jAgai jimi jvalana pavana ke lAge / jaba hI jiya Atama jAnai taba hI jiya ziva sukha ThAnai // ( 2 ) jaise havA ke lagane se agni prajjavalita ho uThatI hai, vaise hI bhAvanAoM kA citavana karane se samatArUpI sukha jAgRta ho jAtA hai| jaba yaha jIva apanI AtmA ke svarUpa ko pahicAna letA hai usI samaya mokSa sukha ko pA letA hai| vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama, cAritramohanIya karma ke upazama tathA kSayopazama aura aMgopAMga nAma karma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAlI AtmA ke dvArA jo bhAyI jAtI hai, jinakA bAra-bAra anuzIlana kiyA jAtA hai ve bhAvanAyeM kahalAtI haiN| ahiMsA vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ vAGmanoguptiryAdAnanikSepaNasamityAlokita pAna bhojanAni paJca / (4) The 5 (meditations for the vow against injury are :) vAggupti Preservation of speech; manogupti Preservation of mind; For Personal & Private Use Only 407

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iryA Care in walking ; AdAna-nikSepaNa samiti Care in lifting and laying down things; AlokitapAna bhojana Thoroughly seeing to one's food and drink. vacanagupti, manogupti, IryAsamiti, AdAnanikSepaNasamiti aura AlokitapAna - bhojana ye ahiMsAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM / vacanagupti - vacana ko vaza meM karanA / manogupti- mana ko vaza meM karanA / IryAsamiti - cAra hAtha jamIna dekhakara calanA / AdAnanikSepaNasamiti - bhalI prakAra sthAna ko dekhakara pustaka Adi rakhanA / AlokitapAnabhojanasamiti - sUrya ke prakAza meM avalokana karake annapAnI grahaNa karanA / satyavrata kI bhAvanAe~ krodhalobhabhIrUtvahAsyapratyAkhyAnAnyanuvIcI bhASaNaM ca paJca / (5) And five (contmplation or observance for the vow against falsehood :) krodha pratyAkhyAna Giving up anger; lobha Giving up greed ; bhIrUtva Giving up cowardice or fear; hAsya pratyAkhyAna Giving up of frivolity; anuvicI bhASaNa Speaking in accordance with scriptural injunctions. krodha pratyAkhyAna, lobhapratyAkhyAna, bhIrUtvapratyAkhyAna, hAsyapratyAkhyAna aura anuvIcI bhASaNa se satyavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ hai / krodha kA tyAga, lobha kA tyAga, bhIrUtva kA tyAga, hAsya kA tyAga aura anuvIcibhASaNa se pA~ca satyavrata kI bhAvanAe~ jAnanI caahie| anuvIci bhASaNa, anulobha bhASaNa ekArthavAcI arthAt vicAra pUrvaka bolanA anuvIcibhASaNa hai| yahA~ puNyAsrava kA prakaraNa hone se aprazasta kriyA karane vAle pApI ke bhASaNa ko anuvIcibhASaNa nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki vicArapUrvaka bhASaNa ko anuvIcibhASaNa kahate haiM / 408 For Personal & Private Use Only

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acauryavrata kI bhAvanAe~ zUnyAgAravimocitAvAsaparoparodhAkaraNabhaikSAzuddhisadharmAvisaMvAdAH pnyc| (6) (For the vow against theft, the) five contmplation or observance are :) zUnyAgAra Residence in a solifary place, like a mountain cave, etc. vimocitAtAsa Residence in a deserted place. paroparodhAkaraNa Residence in a place where one is not likely to be prohibited by others, nor where one should be likely to prohibit others. bhaikSyazuddhi Purity of alms, according to the scriptures saddharmAvisaMdyAda Not disputing with one's co-religionists, as to "mi ne" and "thine". zUnyAgArAvAsa, vimociravAsa, paroparodhAkaraNa, bhaikSyazuddhi aura sadharmAvisaMvAda ye acaurya vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ hai| zUnyAgArAvAsa :- parvata kI guphA, vRkSa kI khoha (koTara) Adi meM nivAsa krnaa| nimocitavAsa:- dUsare ke dvArA chor3e gaye makAna Adi meM rhnaa| paroparodhAkaraNa :- dUsaroM ko usameM Ane se nahIM roknaa| bhaikSyazuddhi :- AcArazAstramArga se (AcArazAstrAnusAra) bhikSAcaryA / sadharmAvisaMvAda :- 'yaha merA hai, yaha terA hai' isa prakAra sAdharmiyoM ke sAtha visaMvAda nahIM karanA, ye pA~ca acauryavrata kI bhAvanAe~ haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| yaha bhAvanAe~ vizeSataH muniyoM ke liye hai| brahmacarya vrata kI bhAvanAe~ strIrAgakathAzravaNatanmanoharAGganirIkSaNapUrvaratAnusmaraNavRSyeSTarasasvazarIra saMskAratyAgA: pnyc| (7) 409 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Leor the vow against unchasity, the five contmplation or observance (meditations) are :) strIrAgakathAzravaNatyAga tanmanoharAMganirIkSaNatyAga purvaratAnusmaraNatyAga vRSTayeSTaratyA svazarIrasaMskAratyAga Renouncing of (reading or) hearing stories exciting attachment for women. Renouncing of seeing their beautiful bodies. 410 Renouncing of thinking over, (rememberance of) past enjoyment of wo men. striyoM meM rAga ko paidA karane vAlI kathA ke sunane kA tyAga, striyoM ke manohara aMgoM ko dekhane kA tyAga, pUrva bhogoM ke smaraNa kA tyAga, gariSTa aura iSTa rasa kA tyAga tathA apane zarIra ke saMskAra kA tyAga se brahmacarya vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ hai| Renouncing of exciting and aphrodisiac drinks; and Renouncing of beautifying one's own body : self-adornment.) For the vow against worldly attachment, the 5 (contmplation or observance are) giving up or self-denial of love and hatred (Ragja-dvesa) in the pleasing (and) displeasing ( worldly) objects of the (five ) senses. parigraha tyAga kI bhAvanAe~ manojJAmanojJendriyaviSayarAgadveSavarjanAni paJca ( 8 ) manojJa aura amanojJa indriyoM ke viSayoM meM kramase, rAga aura dveSa kA tyAga karanA ye aparigrahavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ hai / sparzana Adi pA~coM indriyoM ke sparza Adi manojJa, amanomajJa (iSTAniSTa) For Personal & Private Use Only

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viSayoM meM rAgadveSa kA tyAga karanA arthAt iSTa viSayoM meM rAga aura aniSTa viSayoM meM dveSa kA tyAga karanA AkiMcanya (parigrahatyAga) vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiN| hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM ke viSaya meM karane yogya vicAra hiNsaadissvihaamutraapaayaavdydrshnm| (7) The destructive or dangerous (and) censurable (character of the 5 faults) injury, etc., in this (as also) in the next world (ought to be) meditated upon. hiMsAdika pA~ca doSoM meM aihika aura pAralaukika apAya aura avadha kA darzana bhAvane yogya hai| abhyudaya aura niHzreyas ke sAdhanoM kA nAzaka apAya hai, yA bhaya kA nAma apAya hai| abhyudaya .(svargAdi ihalokika sampadA) aura niHzreyasa (mokSa) kI kriyA evaM sAdhanoM ke nAzaka anartha ko apAya kahate haiN| athavA ihaloka bhaya, paralokabhaya, maraNabhaya, vedanA bhaya, aguptibhaya, anarakSakabhaya, akasmAt bhaya ina sAta prakAra ke bhaya ko apAya kahate haiN| gardA nindanIya ko avadya kahate haiN| aisA citavana karanA cAhie ki hiMsaka nitya advigna rahatA hai, satat anubaddha vaira vAlA hotA hai| isa loka meM vadha-(mAraNa) bandhana, kleza Adi ko prApta karatA hai aura marakara paraloka meM azubha gati meM jAtA hai aura loka meM bhI nindanIya hotA hai| ata: hiMsA se virakta honA hI kalyANakArI hai| mithyAbhASI kA koI vizvAsa nahIM karatA hai| asatyavAdI isa loka meM jihvAccheda Adi ke daMDa ko bhogatA hai| jisake sambandha meM jhUTha bolatA hai, ve usake vairI ho jAte haiM ata: unase bhI aneka ApattiyA~ AtI haiN| marakara azubhagati meM jAtA hai aura nindanIya bhI hotA hai| ata: asatya bolane se virakta honA kalyANakArI hai| paradhana ke grahaNa karane meM Asaktacitta vAlA cora sarvajatoM ke dvArA tiraskRta hotA hai, nirantara bhayabhIta rahatA hai| isa loka meM abhighAta (mArapITa), vadha, bandhana, hAtha, paira, kAna, nAka oSTha Adi kA chedana-bhedana aura sarvasvaharaNa Adi daNDa bhogatA hai (prApta karatA hai) aura marakara paraloka meM azubhagati meM jAtA hai, ata: corI 411 For Personal & Private Use Only

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se virakta honA hI zreyaskara hai tathA abrahmacArI (kuzIlasevI) mAnava madonmata hAthI ke samAna hathinI se ThagAyA huA, hAthinI ke vazIbhUta huA hAthI mAraNa-tAr3ana-bandhana-chedana Adi aneka duHkhoM ko bhogatA hai| usI prakAra parastrI ke vaza huA mAnava vadha-badhanAdi ko bhogatA hai| mohAbhibhUta hone ke kAraNa kArya (karane yogya), akArya (nahIM karane yogya) ke vicAra se zUnya hokara kisI zubha karma kA AcaraNa nahIM karatA hai| parastrI kA AliMgana tathA usake saMga meM rati karane vAle mAnava ke sarva loga vairI bana jAte haiN| parastrIgAmI isa loka meM liGgacchedana, vadha, bandhana, kleza, sarvasvaharaNAdi ke duHkhoM ko prApta hote haiM tathA marakara paraloka meM azubha gati meM jAte haiM aura yahA~ nindanIya hote haiN| ata: abrahma se virakta honA hI zreyaskara hai, Atmahita kAraka hai tathA parigrahavAn puruSa mAMsakhaNDa ko grahaNa kiye hue pakSI kI taraha anya pakSiyoM ke dvArA jhapaTA jAtA hai, cora Adi ke dvArA abhibhavanIya (tiraskRta) hotA hai, usa parigraha ke arjana, rakSaNa aura vinAzakRta aneka duHkhoM ko prApta hotA hai| jaise IMdhana se agni tRpta nahIM hotI hai, usI prakAra parigraha se tRpti nahIM hotii| lobhakaSAya se abhibhUta hone se kArya, akArya se anabhijJa ho jAtA hai| parigrahavAn mAnava marakara paraloka meM naraka, tiryaMcAdi azubhagati meM jAtA hai| yaha lobhI hai-kaJjUsa hai' ityAdi rUpa se nindanIya hotA hai| ataH parigraha kA tyAga karanA hI zreyaskara hai| ye hiMsAdi pApa, apAya aura avadha ke kAraNa haiM, aisI nirantara bhAvanA bhAnI caahiye| duHkhameva vaa| (10) One must also meditate, that the five faults, injury etc. are pain personified, as they themselves are the veritable wombs of pain. athavA hiMsAdika duHkha hI haiM aisI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| duHkha ke kAraNa hone se hiMsA, asatya, corI, abrahmacarya evaM parigraha duHkha svarUpa hai| kyoMki hiMsAdika pApa se ihaloka meM zArIrika, mAnasika, Arthika, sAmAjika Adi du:kha milate haiM aura para loka meM bhI naraka-tiryaMca Adi durgati meM jIva ko aneka kaSTa prApta hote haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki hiMsAdika pApa asAtA vedanIya karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa hai aura asAtA vedanIya 412 For Personal & Private Use Only

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duHkha kA kAraNa hai isalie duHkha ke kAraNa yA duHkha ke kAraNa ke kAraNa jo hiMsAdika hai unameM duHkha kA upacAra hai| jisa samaya jIva hiMsAdi pApa karatA hai usa samaya meM usakA bhAva duSita hone ke kAraNa jo karmAsrAva hotA hai vaha karmAsrava pApa prakRti rUpa meM pariNamana kara letA hai| yaha pApa hI usa pApI ko aneka prakAra kA duHkha detA hai| pApa pravRtti ke samaya jo dUSita bhAva hotA hai usase mAnasika- tanAva, mAnasika udvega, ciMtA, bhaya Adi utpanna hote haiM jisake kAraNa use tatkAla hI mAnasika kaSTa evaM yAtanAyeM milatI hai jisase vibhinna mAnasika roga ke sAtha-sAtha zArIrika roga hotA hai| jaise-bleDa prezara bar3hanA, sira darda, kainsara, TI.vI., hRdaya gati rukanA (hArTa phela), unmAda, pAgalapana Adi roga hote haiN| itanA hI nahIM isa loka meM hI apamAna, pratADanA, jela jAnA, sAmAjika pratiSThA kA hrAsa, avizvAsa, zatrutA, kalaha yahA~ taka kI prANa daNDa Adi kaSTa milate hai| jo hiMsA karatA hai usake phalasvarUpa isa janma meM usakI hiMsA ho sakatI hai para janma meM akAla maraNa, roga Adi yAtanAe~ sahana karanI par3atI haiN| jhUTha bolane se dUsaroM kA vizvAsa jhUTha bolane vAle para se uTha jAtA hai jivhA cheya Adi daMDa milatA hai| kevala eka bAra jhUTha bolane para rAjA vasu kA sphaTika maya siMhAsana phaTa gyaa| vaha nIce girA tathA pRthvI bhI phaTa gaI aura vaha pRthvI para samAveza hokara naraka meM gyaa| mithyA bolane vAlA parabhava meM gUMgA (mUka) hotA hai, muMha meM ghAva hotA hai aura muMha meM se badabU AtI hai| corI karane vAlA isa janma meM aneka zArIrika daNDa ko pAtA hai| usa para. koI vizvAsa nahIM karatA hai| rAjA sarakArAdi usake dhana apaharaNa karake jela meM daNDa dete hai, yahA~ taka kabhI-kabhI prANadaNDa milatA hai| parabhava meM bhikhArI banatA hai evaM usakA bhI dhana apaharaNa anya ke dvArA kiyA jAtA . maithuna sevana se zArIrika, mAnasika evaM Adhyatmika kaSTa hotA hai kyoMki Ayurveda ke anusAra eka bAra saMbhoga se jo vIrya kSaya hotA hai utanA vIrya 413 For Personal & Private Use Only

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42 dina ke bhojana se taiyAra hotA hai| isase sujAka, mastiSka durbalatA, zArIrika zakti kA hrAsa, smaraNa zakti kA hrAsa, roga pratirodhaka zakti kI kamI Adi aneka vipattiyA~ A gheratI hai| vartamAna meM jo eDsa roga ne vizva meM AMtaka phailAyA hai usa mahA roga kI utpatti evaM vRddhi abrahmacarya se hI huI hai| abrahmacarya se hI jana saMkhyA kI vRddhi hotI hai aura isakI vRddhi se khAdyAbhAva, AvAsa kA abhAva, pradUSaNa meM vRddhi, bhUkhamarI, samUcita zikSA-dIkSA kA abhAva Adi aneka samasyAyeM utpanna hotI hai| abrahmacArI- ati kAmuka vyakti hitAhita viveka se rahita hokara parastrI gamana, vezyA gamana Adi kArya bhI karatA hai| jisase use apamAna, daNDa, sAmAjika apratiSThA Adi aneka samasyAyoM A gheratI hai| kabhI-kabhI kuzIla sevana se prANadaNDa taka milatA hai| .. iSTopadeza meM pUjyapAda svAmI ne kAma bhoga se utpanna du:kha kA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai Arambhe taapkaanpraaptaav'tRptiprtipaadkaan| ante sudustyajAn kAmAn, kAma kaH sevate sudhIH / / (17) Arambha meM santApa ke kAraNa aura prApta hone para atRpti ke karane vAle tathA aMta meM jo baDI muzkila se bhI chor3e nahIM jA sakate, aise bhogopabhoga ko kauna vidvAna-samajhadAra-jyAdatI va Asakti ke sAtha sevana karegA? kimapIdaM viSayamayaM, viSamativiSamaM pumAnayaM yen| prasabhamanubhUyaM . manobhave-bhave naiv-cetyte|| aho! yaha viSayamayI viSa kaisA gajaba kA viSa hai ki jise jarbadastI khAkara yaha manuSya, bhava bhava meM nahIM ceta pAtA hai| _ "jaina dharma meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla ko jaise pApa mAnA hai vaise parigraha ko bhI pApa mAnA hai| pApa kA artha hai-ptn| jisake kAraNa jIva patita hotA hai use pApa kahate haiN| sacitta evaM acitta parigraha ke kAraNa jIva aneka kaSToM ko uThAtA hai tathA aneka pApoM ko karatA hai| parigraha saMcaya ke kAraNa hI samAja meM dhanI-garIba, zoSaka, zoSita, mAlika, majadUra Adi viparIta viSama paristhiti se yukta vyakti kA nirmANa hotA hai| 414 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jisake pAsa parigraha rahatA hai vaha adhika lobhI, adhika zoSaka, garvI bana jAtA hai| kyoMki parigraha ke kAraNa use dhanamada ho jAtA hai| ise hI kabIradAsa ne kahA hai kanaka-kanaka te sau gunI mAdakatA adhikaay| ve pAve vaurAya nara, ve khAye bauraay|| kanaka (dhana, sampatti) kanaka (dhaturA, viSAkta phala) se bhI sau gunI mAdaka guNayukta hai| kyoMki kanaka (dhaturA) ko khAne para jIva nazAyukta (pagale) ho jAte haiM parantu kanaka (dhana sampatti) ko prApta karate hI jIva madayukta ho jAtA hai| dhana sampatti (parigraha) sarvathA, sarvadA duHkhadAyI hai| pUjyapAda svAmI ne iSTopadeza meM kahA bhI hai durapenAsurakSyeNa, nazvareNa dhnaadinaa| svasthaM manyo janaH ko'pi jvarAniva srpissaa||(13) jaise koI jvaravAlA prANI ghI ko khAkara yA cipar3a kara apane ko svastha mAnane laga jAya usI prakAra koI eka manuSya muzkila se paidA kiye gaye tathA jisakI rakSA karanA kaThina hai aura phira bhI naSTa ho jAne vAle haiM. aise dhana Adi ko se apane ko sukhI mAnane laga jAtA hai| arthasyopArjane duHkhamaparjitasya ca rkssnne| Aye duHkhaM vyaye duHkhaM, dhigartha duHkhbhaajnm|| dhanaM arjita karane meM duHkha usakI rakSA karane meM duHkha usake jAne meM duHkha, isa taraha hara hAlata meM duHkha ke kAraNa rUpa dhana ko dhikkAra ho| dahanastRNakASThasaMcayairapi tRpyeduddhirndiishtaiH| ___na tu kAmasukhaiH pumAnaho, balavattA khalu kApi krmnnH|| yadyapi agni, ghAsa, lakar3I Adi ke Dhera se tRpta ho jaay| samudra, saikar3oM nadiyoM se tRpta ho jAya, parantu vaha puruSa icchita sukhoM se kabhI bhI tRpta nahIM hotaa| aho! karmoM kI koI aisI hI sAmarthya yA jabaradastI hai| 415 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nirantara cintavana karane yogya cAra bhAvanAe~ maitrIpramodakAruNyamAdhyasthyAni ca sttvgunnaadhikklishymaanaavineyessu| (11) (We must meditate upon the 4 following :) 1. maitrI Maitri, Benevolence (for) sattve Su all living beings; 2. pramoda, Delight (at the sight of beings) guNAdhikeSu better qualified (or more advanced then ourselves on the path of libera tion; 3. kArUNaya Pity, Compassion (for) klizyamAneSu ihe alllicted; 4. mAdhyastha Tolernce or indifference (to those who are) avinayeSu uncivil or ill-behaved. prANImAtra meM maitrI. gaNAdhikoM meM pramoda, klizyamAnoM meM karUNAvRtti aura avineyoM meM mAdhyastha bhAvanA karanI caahie| (1) maitrI:- dUsaroM ke duHkha kI anutpatti kI abhilASA maitrI bhAva hai| svakIya kAya vacana, mana, kRta, kArita aura anumodanA ke dvArA dUsare ko duHkha na hone dene kI abhilASA, mitra kA dharma athavA kartavya maitrI hai| (2) pramoda :- mukha kI prasannatA Adi ke dvArA prakaTa hone vAlI atabhakti aura rAga pramoda hai| mukha kI prasannatA, nayanoM kA AhlAda, romAJca kA udbhava, stuti, nirantara sadguNakIrtana Adi ke dvArA prakaTa hone vAlI antaraMga kI bhakti aura rAga tathA vizeSa rIti se jo moda (prasannatA) hotA hai use pramoda kahate haiN| (3) kAruNya :- dInoM ke prati anugrahabhAva kAruNya hai| zArIrika aura mAnasika duHkha se duHkhI, dIna (anAtha) prANiyoM ke prati anugrahAtmaka pariNAma karuNA hai aura karuNA kA bhAva yA karma kAruNya kahalAtA hai| (4) mAdhyasthya :- rAgadveSapUrvaka pakSapAta kA abhAva madhyasthya hai| rAga aura dveSa se kisI ke pakSa meM par3anA pakSapAta hai| usa rAgadveSa ke abhAva se madhya meM rahanA madhyastha hai tathA madhyastha kA bhAva yA karma mAdhyasthya bhAva hai| 416 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(5) sattva :- anAdi karmabandhana ke vaza se jo du:khI hote haiM, ve sattva haiN| anAdikAlIna aSTavidhakarmabandhasantAna se tIvra duHkha kI kAraNabhUta cAroM gatiyoM meM jo duHkha uThAte haiM, ve sattva kahalAte haiM / ( 6 ) guNAdhika : - samyagjJAnAdi guNoM se prakRSTa ko guNAdhika kahate haiN| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra Adi guNa haiM, ve guNa jinake adhika haiM, ve guNAdhika kahalAte haiN| (7) klizyamAna :- asAtA vedanIya karma ke udaya se santapta klizyamAna haiM / asAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se jo zArIrika aura mAnasika duHkhoM (Adhi-vyAdhi ) se santapta haiM, ve klizyamAna haiN| ( 8 ) avineya :- tattvArthopadeza ke zravaNa- grahaNa ke dvArA asampAdita guNa vAlA avineya hai / na vineya avineya hai| arthAt viparIta vRtti vAle avineya haiN| ( 9 ) vineya :- tattvArtha kA upadeza zravaNa karane aura use grahaNa karane ke jo pAtra hote haiM, unheM vineya kahate haiM / ina satvAdi meM maitrI Adi bhAvanA yathAkrama bhAnI caahiye| jaise- 'maiM saba jIvoM ke prati kSamA bhAva rakhatA hU~, saba jIva mujhe kSamA kreN| merI saba jIvoM se prIti hai, kisI ke sAtha vaira bhAva nahIM hai|' ityAdi prakAra se jIvoM - prati maitrI bhAvanA bhAnI caahiye| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrAdi guNAdhikoM ke prati vandanA, stuti, vaiyAvRttikaraNAdi ke dvArA pramoda bhAvanA bhAnI caahiye| mohAbhibhUta, kumati, kuzruta aura vibhaGgAvadhijJAna se yukta viSayatRSNA rUpI agni ke dvArA danamAna mAnasa vAle, hitAhita se viparIta pravRtti karane vAle, vividha duHkhoM se pIr3ita dIna, anAtha, kRpaNa, bAlavRddha Adi klizyamAna jIvoM meM karuNA bhAva rUpI bhAvanA bhAnI cAhiye / grahaNa, dhAraNa, vijJAna aura UhApoha se rahita mahAmohAbhibhUta, viparIta dRSTi aura viruddha vRtti prANiyoM meM mAdhyasthya bhAvanA rakhanI caahiye| aisA samajha lenA cAhie ki aise jIvoM meM vaktA ke hitopadeza kI saphalatA nahIM ho sakatI / isa prakAra bhAvanA bhAne vAloM ke ahiMsAdi vrata paripUrNa hote haiM / For Personal & Private Use Only 417

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saMsAra aura zarIra ke svabhAva kA vicAra jagatkAyasvabhAvau vA sNvegvairaagyaarthm| (12) For Hart Samvega, the apprehension of the miseries of the world and a pret Vairagya, non-attachment to sense pleasures (we should meditate upon) the nature of the world and of our physical body. saMvega aura vairAgya ke lie jagat ke svabhAga aura zarIra ke svabhAva kI bhAvanA karanI caahie| apane svarUpa se honA (rahanA) svabhAva hai| arthAt svakIya asAdhAraNa dharma meM sthira honA svabhAva kahA jAtA hai| jagat aura kAya jagatakAya, jagatkAya kA svabhAva jagatkAya svbhaav| vividha prakAra kI vedanA se abhivyApya (AkArabhUta) zarIra se bhIrUtA, saMvejana saMvega kahalatA hai| rAga ke kAraNoM kA abhAva hone se, viSayoM se virakta honA vairAgya hai| cAritra moha ke udaya kA abhAva hone para vA hone vAle cAritra moha ke upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama se zabdAdi paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM se virakta honA virAga hai, aisA jAnA caahiye| virAga kA bhAva yA karma vairAgya kahalAtA hai| saMvega aura vairAgya, sNvegvairaagy| saMvega aura vairAgya ke liye jagat aura kAya ke svabhAva kA vicAra karanA caahiye| tadyathA-jagatsvabhAva, AdimAna aura anAdimAn pariNAma vAle dravyoM kA samudAya hI saMsAra hai, jo tAlavRkSa ke AkAra vAlA hai, anAdinidhana hai| isa saMsAra meM ye jIvAtmAe~ deva, nArakI, mAnava aura tiryaJca svarUpa cAroM gatiyoM meM aneka prakAra ke du:khoM ko bhoga-bhoga kara paribhramaNa kara rahI hai| isameM koI bhI vastu niyata vA sthira nahIM hai| jIvana jala budabuda ke samAna capala hai, bhoga-sampadA vidyuta aura megha ke samAna kSaNabhaMgura hai, isa prakAra jagat ke svabhAva kA vicAra karanA caahiye| zarIra anitya hai, duHkha kA hetu hai, nissAra hai aura azuci hai ityAdi bhAvanA zarIra kA vicAra hai| isa prakAra zarIra aura saMsAra kI bhAvanA bhAne vAle ke saMvega utpanna hotA hai| isa taraha Arambha-parigraha meM doSa dRSTigocara hone se Arambha evaM parigraha 418 For Personal & Private Use Only

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se virati honA dharma hai aura dharma se dharma meM, dhArmikoM meM, dharmazravaNa meM aura dhArmika - darzana meM bahumAna hotA hai (AdarabhAva hotA hai), unake prati mAnasika AhlAda hotA hai / uttarottara guNoM meM kI pratipatti ( prApti) meM zraddhA aura vairAgya hotA hai| yahI saMsAra - zarIra bhogopabhoga vastu se nirbeda hotA hai tathA bhAvanA bhAne vAlA mAnava acchI taraha se vratoM kA pAlana karatA hai| hiMsA pApa kA lakSaNa pramattayogAtprANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA / ( 13 ) By (pramattayoga) Passional vibrations, ( prANavyaparopaNaM) the hurting of the vitalities, (is) (hiMsA) injury. pramattayoga se prANoM kA vadha karanA hiMsA hai| anavagRhIta pracAra vizeSa ko pramatta kahate haiM / indriyoM ke pracAra vizeSa kA nizcaya na karake jo pravRtti hotI hai vA binA vicAre jo pravRtti hotI hai, vaha pramatta hai| jaise surA (madirA) pIne vAlA madonmatta hokara kArya akArya, vAcya, avAcyase anabhijJa rahatA hai, kArya-akArya, vAcya avAcya ko nahIM jAnatA hai usI prakAra pramatta vAlA jIvasthAna, jIvotpattisthAna aura jIvAzrayasthAna ko nahIM jAnane vAlA avidvAn (mUrkha prANI) kaSAya ke udaya se AviSTa hokara hiMsA ke kAraNoM meM vyApAra karatA hai, unameM sthita rahatA hai parantu sAmAnyatayA ahiMsA meM prayatnazIla nahIM hotA hai| ataH madonmatta ke samAna hone se pramatta kahalAtA hai| (isameM 'madonmatta iva' artha garbhita ) hai / athavA pandraha pramAda se pariNata hone se bhI pramatta kahalAtA hai| cAra vikathA, cAra, kaSAya, pA~ca indriyA~, nidrA aura praNaya ina pandraha pramAdoM se jo pariNata ( yukta) hotA hai vaha pramatta kahalAtA haiM / kAya vacana aura mana kI kriyA ko yoga kahate haiM / pramatta pramAda pariNata vyakti ke yoga ko pramatta yoga kahate hai / 'pramattayogAt' yaha hetu artha meM paMcamI hai ataH pramattayoga ke kAraNa prANoM kA vyAghAta karanA hiMsA hai, isameM pramattayoga kAraNa hai (bhAva hiMsA hai) aura prANa kA vyAghAta kArya ( dravya hiMsA) hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 419

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'vyaparopaNaM' kA artha viyoga karanA hai| vyaparopaNaM, viyogakaraNa ye ekArthavAcI haiM, prANoM kA lakSaNa paMcama adhyAya meM kahA hai, una prANoM kA vyaparopaNaM prANavyaparopaNaM hai| prANoM kA vyAghAta prANa pUrvaka hotA hai ataH prANa kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| prANoM ke viyogapUrvaka hI prANI kA viyoga hotA hai, kyoMki svataH prANI niravayava hai, ata: usake viyoga kA abhAva hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM hiMsA kA vyApaka svarUpa kA anUThA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| hiMsA kA vyApaka svarUpa AtmapariNAmahiMsanahetutvAt sarvameva hiNsaitt| anRtavacanAdikevalamudAhRtaM shissybodhaay||(42) AtmA ke pariNAmoM kI hiMsA hone ke kAraNa se yaha saba hI hiMsA hai; asatya vacanAdi kevala ziSyoM ko bodha karane ke liye kahe gaye haiN| hiMsA kA lakSaNa yatkhalu kaSAyayogAt prANAnAM drvybhaavruupaannaam| vyaparopaNasya karaNaM sunizcitA bhavati sA hiNsaa||(43) nizcaya karake kaSAya sahita yogoM se dravya aura bhAvarUpa prANoM kA jo naSTa karanA hai vaha nizcitarUpa se hiMsA hotI hai| ahiMsA aura hiMsA kA lakSaNa aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhvtyhiNseti| teSAmevotpattirhiseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // (44) nizcaya karake rAgAdika bhAvoM kA udaya meM nahIM AnA ahiMsA kahalAtI hai, isI prakAra evaM unhIM rAgAdika bhAvoM kI utpatti kA honA hiMsA hai isa prakAra jinAgamakA arthAt jainasiddhAnta kA sArabhUta rahasya hai| vItarAgI ko hiMsA nahIM lagatI 420 For Personal & Private Use Only

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yuktAcaraNasya sato raagaadyaaveshmNtrennaapi| na hi. bhavati jAtu hiMsA prANavyaparopaNAdeva // (45) yogya AcaraNavAle arthAt yatnAcAra-pUrvaka sAvadhAnI se kArya karane vAle sajjana puruSa ko rAgAdi rUpa pariNAmoM ke udaya hue binA prANoM kA ghAta hone mAtra se kabhI nizcaya karake hiMsA nahIM lagatI hai| serAgI ko binA prANa ghAta ke bhI hiMsA lagatI hai vyutthAnAvasthAyAM rAgAdInAM vshprvRttaayaam| mriyatAM jIvo mA vA dhAvatyagre dhruvaM hiNsaa||(46) rAgAdikoM ke vaza meM pravartita pramAda avasthA meM jIva mara jAya athavA nahIM mare niyama se hiMsA Age daur3atI hai| isameM hetu yasmAtsakaSAya: san hantyAtmA prthmmaatmnaatmaanN| pazcAjjAyate na vA hiMsA prANyaMtarANAM tu||(47) kyoMki AtmA kaSAyasahita hotA huA pahale apane hI dvArA apane Apa ko mAra DAlatA hai, pIche dUsare jIvoM kI hiMsA ho athavA nahIM ho| pramAdayoga meM niyama se hiMsA hotI hai hiMsAyAmaviraNaM hiMsApariNamanamapi bhavati hiNsaa| tasmAtpramattayoge prANavyaparopaNaM nityaM // (48) hiMsA meM virakta na honA tathA hiMsA meM pariNamana karanA hiMsA kahalAtI hai isaliye pramAda yoga meM niyama se prANoM kA ghAta hotA haiN| hiMsA ke nimittoM ko haTAnA cAhiye - sUkSmApi na khalu hiMsA paravastunibaMdhanA bhavati puNsH| . hiMsAyatananivRttiH pariNAmavizuddhaye tadapi kaaryaa||(49) __.. nizcaya karake AtmA ke sUkSma bhI hiMsA jisameM paravastu kAraNa ho aisI nahIM hotI hai| to bhI pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi ke liye hiMsA ke AyatanoM-hiMsA ke nimitta kAraNoM kA - karanA caahiye| 421 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #437
asatya kA lakSaNa . asdbhidhaanmnRtm| (14) Falsehood (is) to speak harmful-words (through pramatta yoga Pramallyo. ga, passional vibrations.) asat bolanA anRta hai| isa sUtra meM 'sat' kA pratiSedhaka 'asat' zabda nahIM hai apitu 'sat' zabda prazaMsAvAcI hai, ata: 'na sat-asat' kA aprazasta artha hotA hai, zUnya vA tucchAbhAva nhiiN| asat-aprazasta artha kA abhidhAna-kathana, aprazasta artha ko kahane vAlA vacana asat abhidhAna hai| 'RtaM' zabda satyArtha meM hai| 'RtaM' yaha pada satyArtha meM jAnanA cAhie arthAt RtaM satya aura anRta-asatya hai| vidyamAna padArthoM ke astitva meM koI vidhna utpanna na karane ke kAraNa 'satsu sAdhu satyam' yaha vyutpatti bhI satya kI ho sakatI hai (yAnI samIcIna zreSTha puruSoM meM jo sAdhu vacana bolA jAtA hai, vaha satya kahA jAtA hai| 'na RtaM anRtaM' jo Rta vacana nahIM hai, vaha anRta vacana- asatyavacana kahA jAtA hai| ata: mithyA zabda se vidyamAna kA lopa tathA avidyamAna ke udbhAvana karane vAle jo abhidhAna (kathana) haiM ve hI anRta (asatya) hoNge| jaise-AtmA nAmaka padArtha nahIM hai, paraloka nahIM hai, zyAmataNDula barAbara AtmA hai, aMgUThe kI paura barAbara AtmA hai; AtmA sarvagata aura niSkriya hai; ityAdi vacana hI mithyA (viparIta) hone se anRta kahe jAyeMge, kintu jo vidyamAna (sat) artha ko bhI kahakara paraprANI kI pIr3A karane vAle aprazasta vacana haiM ve anRta nahIM hoNge| kyoMki mithyAnRta meM mithyA kA artha viparIta hai aura paraprANI-pIr3AkArI vacana viparIta nahIM haiN| ataH parapIr3AkArI aprazasta vacana haiM, ve asatya koTi meM nahIM aayege| 'asat' kahane se jitane aprazasta arthavAcI vacana haiM, ve sabhI anRta (asatya) koTI meM A jaayeNge| isase jo viparItArtha vacana prANIpIr3AkArI haiM ve sabhI anRta (asatya) hI haiM; aisA jAnA jAtA hai| 422 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #438
puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM kahA bhI gayA hai : yadidaM pramAdayogAdasadabhidhAnaM vidhIyate kimpi| tadanRtamapi vijJeyaM tadbhedAH santi ctvaarH||(91) jo kucha pramAda kaSAya ke yoga se yaha sva-parako hAnikAraka athavA anyathA rUpa vacana kahane meM AtA hai use nizcaya se asatya jAnanA cAhiye usake bheda cAra haiN| prathama bheda svakSetrakAlabhAvaiH sadapi hi yasminniSiddhayate vstu| tatprathamamasatyaM syAnnAsti yathA devadatto'tra // (92) jisa vacana meM apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se vidyamAna hone para bhI vastukA niSedha karane meM AtA hai vaha prathama asatya hai jaise 'yahA~ devadatta nahIM dUsarA bheda asadapi hi vasturUpaM yatra prkssetrkaalbhaavaistaiH| udbhAvyate dvitIyaM tadanRtamasmin yathAsti ghttH||(93) nizcaya se jisa vacana meM una paradravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se avidyamAna hone para bhI vastukA svarUpa pragaTa karane meM Ave vaha dUsarA asatya hai| jaise yahA~ ghar3A hai| tIsarA bheda ... vastu sadapi svarUpAt pararUpeNAbhidhIyate ysmin| - anRtamidaM ca tRtIyaM vijJeyaM gauritiyathA'zvaH // (94) aura jisa vacana meM apane catuSTaya se vidyamAna hone para bhI padArtha anya svarUpa se kahane meM AtA hai use yaha tIsarA asatya jaano| jaise baila ko ghor3A hai aisA khnaa| 423 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #439
cauthA bheda garhitamavadyasaMyutamapriyamapi bhavati vcnruupyt| sAmAnyena tredhA mamidamanRtaM turIyaM tu||(95) aura yaha cauthA asatya sAmAnyarUpa se garhita, pApa sahita aura apriya isa taraha tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| garhitakAsvarUpa paizUnyahAsagarbhaM karkazamasamaJjasaM pralapitaM c| anyadapi yadutsUtraM tatsarvaM garhitaM gaditam // (96) - duSTatA athavA nindArUpa hAsyavAlA kaThora mithyA-zraddhAnavAlA aura pralAparUpa tathA aura bhI jo zAstravirUddha vacana hai vaha sabhI nindyavacana kahA gayA hai| avadyasaMyukta asatya kA svarUpa chednbhednmaarnnkrssnnvaannijycauryvcnaadi| tatsAvadyaM yasmAtprANivadhAdyA: prvrtnte||(97) jo chedanA, bhedanA, mAraNa, zoSaNa, vyApAra yA corI Adi ke vacana haiM ve saba pApa yukta vacana haiM kyoMki yaha prANI-hiMsA Adi pAparUpa pravartana karate haiN| apriya asatya kA svarUpa aratikaraM bhItikaraM khedakaraM vairazokakalahakaram / yadaparamapi tApakaraM parasya tatsarvamapriyaM jJeyam // (98) jo vacana dUsare jIvako aprItikAraka bhayakAraka khedakAraka vaira zoka tathA kalahakAraka ho aura jo anya jo bhI santApakAraka ho vaha sarva hI apriya jAnanA caahiye| asatya vacana meM hiMsAkA sadbhAva sarvasminnapyasminpramattayogaikahetukathanaM yt| anRtavacanepi tasmAnniyataM hiMsA smvtrti||(99) 424 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #440
cU~ki ina sabhI vacanoM meM pramAda sahita yoga hI eka hetu kahane meM AyA hai isaliye asatya vacana meM bhI hiMsA nizcitarUpa se AtI hai / pramAdasahita yoga hiMsAkA kAraNa hetau pramattayoge nirdiSTe sakalavitathavacanAnAm / heyAnuSThAnAderanuvadanaM bhavati samasta jhUTha vacanoM kA pramAda sahita yoga hetu nirdiSTa karane meM AyA hone se heya-upAdeya Adi anuSThAnoMkA kahanA jhUTha nahIM hai| isake tyAga kA prakAra bhogopabhogasAdhanamAtraM sAvadyamakSamA moktum / ye tepi zeSamanRtaM samastamapi nityameva muJcantu // ( 101 ) jo jIva bhoga-upabhoga ke sAdhana mAtra sAvadyavacana chor3ane meM asamartha haiM ve bhI bAkI sabhI asatya bhASaNa kA nirantara tyAga kareM / nAsatyam || (100) steya - corI kA lakSaNa adattAdAnaM steyam / ( 15 ) Theft (is) to take anything which is not given, (through Pramattayoga). binA dI huI vastu kA lenA steya hai| AdAna zabda kA artha grahaNa hai| binA dI huI vastu kA lenA adattAdAna hai aura yahI steya - corI kahalAtA hai| sUtra meM jo 'adatta' pada kA grahaNa kiyA hai usase jJAta hotA hai ki jahA~ denA lenA sambhava hai vahIM steya kA vyavahAra hotA hai| zaMkA- steya kA ukta artha karane para bhI bhikSu ke grAma, nagarAdika meM bhramaNa karate samaya galI, kUcA, daravAjA Adi meM praveza karane para binA dI huI vastu kA grahaNa prApta hotA hai ? samAdhAna- yaha koI doSa nahIM hai; kyoMki ve galI, kUcA aura daravAjA Adi * sabake lie khule haiN| yaha bhikSu jinameM kivAr3a Adi lage haiM una daravAjA Adi meM praveza nahIM karatA, kyoMki ve saba ke lie khule nahIM haiN| athavA, For Personal & Private Use Only 425

Page #441
'pramattayogAt' isa pada kI anuvRtti hotI hai jisame yaha artha hotA hai ki pramatta ke yoga se binA dI huI vastu grahaNa karanA steya hai| galI, kUcA Adi meM praveza karane vAle bhikSu ke pramattayoga to hai nahIM isalie vaisA karate hue steya kA doSa nahIM lgtaa| isa saba kathana kA yaha abhiprAya ki bAhya vastu lI jAya yA na lI jAya kintu jahA~ klezarUpa pariNAma ke sAtha pravRtti hotI hai vahA~ steya hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM bhI corI kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA gayA haiM avitIrNasya grahaNaM parigrahasya prmttyogaadyt| .... tatpratyeyaM steyaM saiva ca hiMsA vadhasya hetutvAt // (102) jo pramAda ke yoga se binA diye hue parigraha kA grahaNa karanA hai vaha corI jAnanA cAhiye aura vahI hiMsA kA kAraNa hone se hiMsA hai| dhanAdi bAhyaprANa haiM arthA nAma ya ete prANA ete bahizcarA: puNsaa| harati sa tasya prANAn yo yasya jano haratyarthAn // (103) jitane bhI dhana, dhAnya Adi padArtha haiM ye puruSoM ke bAhyaprANa haiN| jo puruSa jisake dhana, dhAnya Adi padArthoM ko haraNa karatA hai vaha usake prANoM kA nAza karatA hai| hiMsA aura corI meM avyapti nahIM hai hiMsAyA: steyasya ca nAvyApti: sughaTa eva sA ysmaat| grahaNe pramattayogo dravyasya svIkRtasyAnyaiH / / (104) hiMsA kI aura corI kI avyApti nahIM hai kyoMki dUsaroM ke dvArA svIkAra kI gaI dravya ke grahaNa karane meM pramAdayoga acchI taraha ghaTatA hai isaliye hiMsA vahA~ hotI hI hai| 426 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #442
corI chor3ane kA upadeza asamarthA ye kartuM nipaantoyaadihrnnvinivRttiN| tairapi samastamaparaM nityamadattaM parityAjyaM // (106) jo puruSa kUpajala Adi ke haraNa karane kI nivRtti ko karane ke liye asamartha haiM una puruSoM ke dvArA bhI dUsarA samasta binA diyA huA dravya sadA chor3a denA caahiye| kuzIla kA lakSaNa maithunmbrhm| (16) Unchastity is coition (or sexual contact, through Pramattayoga) maithuna abrahma hai| mithuna (do) ke karma vA bhAva ko maithuna kahate haiN| strI-puruSa ke paraspara zarIra ke sparza karane meM jo rAga pariNAma hai vahI maithuna hai, arthAt cAritra mohanIya karma kA udaya hone para strI aura puruSa ke paraspara zarIra kA sammilana hone se sukha-prApti kI icchA se hone vAlA jo rAgapariNAma hai, vaha maithuna kahalAtA . strI-puruSa ke paraspara zarIra ke sparza se hI maithuna nahIM hai apitu eka meM bhI maithuna kA prasaMga hai| kyoMki hAtha, paira athavA pudgala Adi ke saMghaTTanAdi ke dvArA bhI abrahma kA sevana hone para eka meM bhI maithuna hotA hai, ata: strI-puruSa kA saMyoga hI maithuna siddha nahIM hotA (apitu mithuna kA bhAva maithuna siddha hotA hai|) athavA, jisa prakAra strI aura puruSa ko rati ke samaya zarIra kA saMyoga hone para sparzasukha hotA hai, usI prakAra eka vyakti ko bhI hAtha Adi ke saMyoga se sparzasukha kA bhAna hotA hai, donoM maithuna tulya haiN| isalie hasta saMghaTTanAdi sambandhI maithuna bhI mukhya hI haiM, usameM bhI rAgadveSa aura moha kI tIvratA hone se maithuna zabda kA lAbha hai| _ 'pramattayogAt' sUtra meM kathita pramatta yoga kI anuvRtti calI A rahI hai, ata: cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya se pramatta hue mithuna ke karma ko maithuna kahate haiN| namaskArAdi kriyA meM pramattayoga tathA cAritramoha karma ke udaya kA 427 For Personal & Private Use Only

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abhAva hone se vandanAdi mithuna karma (do milakara vandanA, svAdhyAya Adi kriyA) hone para bhI vaha kriyA maithuna nahIM kahI jA sktii| ahiMsAdi guNoM ko bar3hAne vAlA hone se brahma kahalAtA hai| jisakA paripAlana karane se ahiMsAdi guNoM kI vRddhi hotI haiM, vaha brahma kahalAtA haiM / brahma nahIM hai yA brahma kA abhAva hai vaha abrahma kahalAtA haiM, vaha abrahma hI maithuna hai, usa abrahmacArI ke hiMsAdi doSa puSTa hote haiN| kyoMki maithuna sevAnAbhilASI vyakti trasa, sthAvara jIvoM kA ghAta karatA hai, jhUTha bolatA hai, corI karatA hai aura sacetana aura acetana parigraha kA saMgraha bhI karatA hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM bhI maithuna kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra se kahA gayA haiN| yadvedayarAgayogAnmaithunamabhidhIyate tadabrahma / avatarita tatra hiMsA vadhasya sarvatra sadbhAvAt / / 107 / puMveda aura strIvedarUpa rAgapariNAma ke sambandha se jo strI puruSoM kI kAmaceSTA hotI hai usako abrahma kahate haiM / vahA~ saba avasthAoM meM jIvoM kA vadha hone se hiMsA ghaTita hotI hai| maithuna meM hiMsA hiMsyate tilanAlyAM taptAyasi vinihite tilA yadvat / bahavo jIvA yonau hiMsyaMte maithune tadvat // 108 // jisa prakAra tilanAlI meM tapAye hue lohe ke chor3ane para tila pIr3e jAte bhuna jAte haiM usI prakAra yoni meM maithuna karate samaya aneka jIva mAre jAte haiM 1 428 anaMgaramaNa niSedha yadapi kriyate kiMcinmadanodrekAdanaMgaramaNAdi / tatrApi bhavati hiMsA rAgAdyutpattitantratvAt / / 109 / para bhI rAgAdika kI utpatti pradhAna hone se hiMsA hotI hai| jo bhI kucha kAma ke prakopa se anaMgakrIDana Adi kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ For Personal & Private Use Only

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kuzIlatyAga kA upadeza ye nijakalatramAtraM parihartuM zaknuvaMti nahi mohAt / niHzeSazeSayoSinniSevaNaM tairapi na anet 111011 jo puruSa cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya se apanI strI mAtra ko chor3ane ke liye nizcaya se nahI samartha haiM unheM bhI bAkI kI samasta striyoM kA sevana nahIM karanA cAhiye / parigraha pApa kA lakSaNa mUrcchA parigraha / ( 17 ) Worldly attachment is of Murchha, infatuation (or intoxication through Pramattayoga, in the living or non-living objects of the world.) mUrcchA parigraha hai| bAhyAbhyantara upadhi (parigraha) ke rakSaNa Adi ke vyApAra ko mUrcchA kahate haiN| gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi, muktA Adi cetana-acetana bAhya parigraha ke aura rAgadveSAdi abhyantaraparigraha ke saMrakSaNa, arjana, saMskArAdi lakSaNa vyApAra ko mUrcchA kahate haiM / Abhyantara mamatva pariNAma rUpa mUrcchA ko parigraha kahane para bAhya padArthoM meM aparigrahatva kA prasaMga nahIM denA cAhiye, kyoMki Abhyantara parigraha hI pradhAnabhUta hai / arthAt 'yaha merA hai isa prakAra kA saMkalparUpa AdhyAtmika parigraha hai, vahI pradhAnabhUta hai ataH mUrcchA se mukhyatayA Abhyantara parigraha kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| usa Abhyantara parigraha ke grahaNa karane para Abhyantara parigrahaNa ke kAraNabhUta gauNa rUpa bAhya parigraha kA grahaNa to ho hI jAtA hai| mUrcchA kA kAraNa hone se bAhya padArtha ke bhI mUrcchA vyapadeza hotA hai| jaise " anna hI prANa hai" isa prakAra prANoM kI sthiti meM kAraNabhUta anna - meM prANoM kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra mUrcchA kA kAraNa (mamatva kA kAraNa) hone se bAhya parigraha ko bhI mUrcchA kaha dete haiM / arthAt kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 429

Page #445
pramattayoga kA adhikAra hone se jJAna, darzana aura cAritra meM hone vAlA mamatva bhAva parigraha nahIM hai| kyoMki niSpramAdI jJAna, darzana aura cAritravAna vyakti ke moha kA abhAva hai| ata: niSpramAdI vyakti ke cAritra kA mamatva mUrchA nahIM hai aura usake niSparigrahatva siddha hotA hai| athavA, jJAnAdi to AtmA ke svabhAva haiM, aheya haiN| ata: ve jJAna, darzana, cAritrAdi parigraha ho hI nahIM skte| unameM to aparigrahatva hai| rAgAdi to karmodayajanya haiM, anAtma-svabhAva haiM aura heya haiN| isaliye inameM hone vAlA 'mameda' saMkalpa parigraha hai| arthAt rAgAdi ko parigraha kahate haiN| parigraha hI sarva doSoM kA mUla kAraNa hai| yaha parigraha hI samasta doSoM kA mUla hai| 'yaha merA hai aisA saMkalpa hone para hI usake rakSaNa Adi kI vyavasthA karanI hotI hai aura usameM hiMsA avazyaMbhAvinI hai, usa parigraha ke lie jhUTha bhI bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, maithuna karma meM bhI prayatna karatA hai, arthAt parigrahAbhilASI vyakti sarva kukarma karatA hai| isa parigraha ke mamatva ke kAraNa narakAdi meM aneka prakAra ke duHkha bhogatA hai, isa loka meM bhI nirantara duHkha rUpI mahAsamudra meM avagAhana karatA hai, arthAt saikar3oM duHkha bhogatA hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM bhI parigraha kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kahA gayA hai yA mUrchA nAmeyaM vijJAtavyaH parigraho hyessH| mohodayAdudIrNo mUrchA tu mamatvapariNAmaH // (111) jo yaha mUrchA hai yaha hI parigraha jAnanI cAhie tathA mohanIyakarma ke udaya se utpanna huA mamatArUpa pariNAma mUrchA kahalAtA hai' mUrchA aura parigraha kI vyApti mUrchAlakSaNakaraNAt sughaTA vyAptiH prigrhtvsy| sagrantho mUrchAvAn vinApi kila zeSasaMgebhyaH // (112) parigraha kA mUrchA lakSaNa karane se donoM prakAra-bahiraMga aura antaraMga parigraha kI vyApti acchI taraha ghaTa jAtI hai bAkI saba parigrahoM se rahita bhI nizcaya karake mUrchAvAlA parigraha vAlA hai| 430 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bAhya parigraha meM parigrahapanA hai yA nahIM yadyevaM bhavati tadA parigraho na khalu kopi bhirNgH| bhavati nitarAM yatosau dhatte mUrchAnimittatvaM // (113) yadi isa prakAra hai arthAt parigraha kA lakSaNa mUrchA hI kiyA jAtA hai usa avasthA meM nizcaya se koI bhI bahiraMga parigraha, parigraha nahIM ThaharatA hai isa AzaMkA ke uttara meM AcArya uttara dete haiM ki bAhya parigraha bhI parigraha kahalAtA hai kyoMki yaha bAhyaparigraha sadA mUrchA kA nimittakAraNa hone se arthAt yaha merA hai aisA mamatvapariNAma bAhyaparigraha meM hotA hai isaliye vaha bhI mUrchA ke nimittapane ko dhAraNa karatA hai| parigraha meM hiMsA hiMsAparyAyatvAtu siddhA hiNsaatrNgsNgessu| bahiraMgeSu tu niyataM prayAtu mUrchAva hiMsAtvaM // (119) antaraMgaparigrahoM meM hiMsA ke paryAya hone se hiMsA siddha hai bahiraMga parigrahoM meM to niyama se mUrchA hI hiMsApane ko siddha karatI hai| bAhyaparigraha ke tyAga kA upadeza bahiraMgAdapi sNgaadysmaatprvbhtysNymo'nucitH| parivarjayedazeSaM tamacittaM vA sacittaM vaa||(127) jisa bAhya parigraha se bhI anucita asaMyama utpanna hotA hai usa acitta athavA sacitta samasta parigraha ko chor3a denA caahiye| dhana dhAnyAdi bhI kama karane ucita haiM ..yopi na zaktasatyaktuM dhndhaanymnussyvaastuvittaadi| - sopi tanUkaraNIyaH nivRttirUpaM yatastattvaM // (128) - jo koI bhI dhana, dhAnya, manuSya, ghara, dravya Adi chor3ane ke liye nahIM samarthaM hai vaha parigraha bhI kama karanA cAhiye kyoMki tattvasvarUpa nivRttisvarUpa 431. For Personal & Private Use Only

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vratoM kI vizeSatA nizzalyo vrtii| (18) A art Vrati, or a vower should be without (blemish which is like a thron) Siret Shalya, which makes the whole body restless.) jo zalyarahita hai vaha vratI hai| aneka prakAra se prANIgaNa ko duHkha dene se zalya kahalAtI hai| vividha prakAra kI vedanA rUpI zalAkAoM (suiyoM) ke dvArA jo prANiyoM ko chedatI hai, duHkha detI hai, ve zalya kahalAtI hai| jaise-zarIra meM cubhe hue kA~TA Adi prANiyoM ko bAdhA karane vAlI zalya haiM, arthAt zarIra meM cubhA huA kA~TA prANiyoM ko duHkha detA hai, usI prakAra karmodaya vikAra bhI zArIrika aura mAnasika bAdhA kA kAraNa hone se zalya kI bhA~ti zalya nAma se upacarita kiyA jAtA hai| mAyA, mithyAtva aura nidAna ke bheda se zalya tIna prakAra ke haiN| yaha zalya tIna prakAra kI hai - mAyA, mithyAtva aura nidAna / mAyA, nikRti, vaJcanA, chala-kapaTa ye saba ekArthavAcI haiN| viSayabhogoM kI kAGkSA nidAna hai| atatvazraddhAna mithyAdarzana hai| ina tIna prakAra kI zalyoM se niSkrAnta (rahita) ni:zalya vyakti vrati kahalAtA hai| niHzalyatva aura vratitva meM aMga-aMgibhAva vivakSita hai| kyoMki kevala hiMsAdi virakti rUpa vrata ke sambandha se vratI nahIM hotA hai jaba taka ki zalyoM kA abhAva na ho| zalyoM kA abhAva hone para hI vrata ke sambandha se vratI hotA hai, yahA~ aisA vivakSita hai| jaise bahuta dUdha aura ghI vAlA gomAn kahA jAtA hai| bahuta dUdha aura ghRta ke abhAva meM bahuta sI gAyoM ke hone para bhI gomAn (gAyavAlA) nahIM khlaataa| usI prakAra sazalya hone para vratoM ke rahate hue bhI vratI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jo vrata sahita niHzalya hotA hai, vahI vratI hai| 432 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vratoM ke bheda agAryanagArazca / ( 19 ) (Vowers are of 2 kinds :) agArI Agari, house-holders (laymen) and anagAra Anagara, house-less ( ascetics.) usake agArI aura anAgAra ye do bheda haiN| AzrayArthI janoM ke dvArA jo svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, vA usameM pAyA jAtA hai, vAsa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha agAra - ghara hai| agAra, vezma, gRha ye saba ekArthavAcI haiM, agAra jisake hai, vaha agArI kahalAtA hai| jisake agAra nahIM hai, vaha anagAra kahalAtA hai| yahA~ cAritra moha ke udaya se ghara ke prati anivRtta pariNAmarUpa bhAvAgAra vivikSita hai / ata: bhAvAgAra ( jisake cAritra mohanIya kA udaya hai vaha) vyakti kisI kAraNavaza ghara ko chor3akara vana meM rahatA hai to bhI vaha agArI hai aura cAritramoha ke udaya ke abhAva se nirgrantha muni kisI dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke kAraNavaza zUnyAgAra, jinamaMdira Adi meM rahatA hai to bhI anagAra hai arthAt viSaya - tRSNAoM se nivRtta muni yadi zUnya ghara, mandira Adi meM rahatA hai to bhI vaha anagArI hai| athavA rAjA kI taraha vratI kahalAtA hai| jaise battIsa hajAra dezoM kA adhipatiM cakravartI rAjA kahalAtA haiN| vaise eka deza kA svAmI vA cakravartI Adhe deza kA svAmI trikhaNDAdhipati kyA rAjA nahIM kahalAtA ? apitu, ekadezapati vA Adhe deza kA pati bhI rAjA kahalAtA hI hai| usI prakAra aThAraha hajAra zIla aura caurAsI lAkha uttaraguNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA jaise pUrNa vrata hai vaise aNuvratadhAraka saMyatAsaMyata vratI nahIM hai, phira bhI aNuvratadhArI bhI vratI kahalAtA hI hai / agArI kA lakSaNa aNuvrato'gArI / ( 20 ) (One whose five ) vows (are ) partial (is) a house-holder. aNuvratoM kA dhArI agArI hai| 'aNu' zabda alpavAcI hai| jisake vrata aNu arthAt alpa haiM vaha aNuvrata vAlA agArI kahA jAtA hai| agArI ke pUre hiMsAdi doSoM kA tyAga sambhava For Personal & Private Use Only 433

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nahIM hai isalie usake vrata alpa hote haiN| yaha trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA kA tyAgI hai; isalie usake pahalA ahiMsA aNuvrata hotA hai| gRhastha sneha aura mohAdika vaza se gRhavinAza aura grAmavinAza ke kAraNa asatya vacana se nivRtta hai isalie usake dUsarA satyANuvrata hotA hai| zrAvaka rAjA ke bhaya Adi ke kAraNa dUsare ko pIr3AkArI jAnakara binA dI huI vastu ko lenA yadyapi avazya chor3a detA hai to bhI binA dI huI vastu ke lene se usakI prIti ghaTa jAtI hai isaliye usake tIsarA acauryANuvrata hotA hai| gRhastha ke svIkAra kI huI yA binA svIkAra kI huI parastrI kA saMgatyAga karane se rati ghaTa jAtI hai isalie usake parastrItyAga nAma kA cauthA aNuvrata hotA hai / tathA gRhastha dhana, dhAnya aura kSetra Adi kA svecchA se parimANa kara letA hai isaliye usake pA~cavA~ parigrahaparimANa aNuvrata hotA hai| aNuvrata ke sahAyaka sAtha zIlavrata digdezAnarthadaNDaviratisAmAyikaproSadhopavAsopabhogapaparibhogaparimANAtithisaMvibhAgavratasaMpannazca / ( 21 ) (The house-holder) must be with (the following 7 Supplementary vows) also 1. digvrata To limit directions. 2. dezavrata Limit Shorter. 3. anarthadaNDa vrata Not to commit purposeless in. 4. sAmAyika Contemplation of the self. 5. proSadhopavAsa Fast. 6. upabhoga - paribhoga- parimANa Limiting one's enjoyment of consuma - ble and non consumable things. 7. atithisaMvibhAga Feeding the ascetics with a part. vaha digvrata, dezavrata, anarthadaNDavrata, sAmAyika vrata, proSadhopavAsavrata, upabhoga - paribhoga-parimANa vrata aura atithisaMvibhAgavrata ina vratoM se bhI sampanna hotA haiN| 434 For Personal & Private Use Only

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1. digvrata :- duSparihAra kSudra jantuoM se bharI huI dizAoM se nivRtti digvirati hai / jinakA parihAra ( bacAva ) Aya hai jaise jantuoM se dizAe~ vyApta haiN| ataH una kSudra jantuoM kI rakSA karane ke lie dazoM dizAoM meM gamanAgamana kI nivRtti karanI caahie| usakA parimANa prasiddha yojanAdi ke dvArA karanA caahie| una dizAoM kA parimANa parvata Adi prasiddha cinhoM se tathA yojanAdi kI ginatI se kara lenA cAhie / jo sampUrNa rUpa se hiMsAdi kI nivRtti karane meM asamartha hai, zakti ke anusAra prANI-vadha-virati ke prati AdarazIla hai, usa zrAvaka ke yahA~, prANayAtrA ( jIvana - nirvAha) ho yA na ho unake, prayojana hone para bhI vaha svIkRta kSetramaryAdA ko nahIM lA~ghatA ataH digvirati meM hiMsA kI nivRtti hone se vaha vratI hai| 2. dezavrata :- jisa prakAra digvrata hai usI prakAra dezanivRtti karanA caahie| 'maiM mere isa ghara aura tAlAba ke madhya bhAga ko chor3akara dezAntara meM nahIM jAU~gA / isa prakAra deza virati kI nivRtti meM digvirati ke samAna prayojana jAnanA cAhie / digvirati yAvajjIvana - sarvakAla ke lie hotI hai aura dezavirati yathAzakti niyata kAla ke lie hotA hai, yahI digvirati vrata aura dezavirati vrata meM vizeSatA hai| 3. anarthadaNDavirati vrata :- upakAra na hokara jo pravRtti kevala pApa kA kAraNa hai vaha anarthadaNDa hai, isase virata honA anarthadaNDa virati hai / anarthadaNDa ke 5 bheda haiN| 1. apadhyAna 2. pApopadeza 3. pramAdacaryA 4. hiMsA pradAna 5. azubhazruti I. apadhyAna - 'dUsare kI jaya-parAjaya, vadha, bandha, agaccheda, dhana-haraNa Adi kaise ho' ityAdi mana ke dvArA cintana karanA apadhyAna hai / II. klezavANijya, tiryagvANijya, vadhakopadeza aura Arambhopadeza Adi pApopadeza haiN| (A) kleza vANijya - jaise isa deza meM dAsI - dAsa sulabha haiM, amuka deza meM le jAkara vikraya karane para pracura artha - lAbha hotA hai ' ityAdi pApasaMyukta vacana bolanA' klezavANijya pApopadeza hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 435

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(B) tiryagvANijya- 'gAya-bhaiMsa Adi pazuoM ko isa deza se le jAkara anya deza meM becane para bahuta dhana lAbha hogA' ityAdi pazuo ke vyApAra kA mArga batAnA tiryagvANijya hai| (C) vadhakopadeza- vAgurika (zikArI), saukarika (vadhika), zAkunika (pakSiyoM ko pakar3ane vAle) Adi vyaktiyoM ko 'hiraNa, suara, pakSI Adi prANI isa deza meM kSetra-parvata Adi para bahuta rahate haiM' ityAdi vacanoM ke dvArA zikAra ke yogya prANiyoM kA sthAna Adi batAnA vadhakopadeza hai| Arambhopadeza- Arambha kArya karane vAle kisAna Adi ko bhUmi, nIra, agni, pavana aura vanaspati Adi ke Arambha, chedana-bhedana Adi ke upAya Arambhopadeza hai| isa prakAra aura bhI pApa saMyukta vacana yA pApavardhaka vacana haiM, ve saba pApopadeza (D) III. pramAdacaryA- prayojana binA vRkSAdi kA chedanA, bhUmi ko kUTanA, pAnI sIMcanA Adi sAvadha karma pramAdacaryA hai| IV. hiMsA pradAna doSa- viSa, zastra, agni, rassI, kazA (kor3a) aura daNDa (DaNDA, lAThI) Adi hiMsA ke upakaraNoM ko denA hiMsA-pradAna doSa hai| v. azubha zruti- hiMsA, rAga, kAma Adi kI vRddhi karane vAlI duSTa kathAoM kA sunanA aura dUsaroM ko sikhAnA Adi vyApAra azubha zruti haiN| madhya meM anarthadaNDa kA grahaNa pUrvottara atireka ke Anarthakya ke jJApanArtha hai| pUrva meM kahe gaye digvata aura dezavrata tathA Age kahe jAne vAle upabhogaparibhoga parimANavrata meM avadhRta maryAdA meM bhI niSprayojana gamana Adi tathA maryAdita viSayoM kA bhI sevana Adi nahIM karanA caahie| isa prakAra atireka nivRti kI sUcanA dene ke lie madhya meM anarthadaNDa vacana ko grahaNa kiyA hai| 436 For Personal & Private Use Only

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niyata deza, kAla meM sAmAyika vrata meM bhI pUrvavat mahAvrata hai| itane kSetra meM, itane kAla taka avadhArita sAmAyika meM avasthita ke mahAvrata hotA hai| aisA pUrvavat jAnanA caahie| sAmAyika meM aNu aura sthUla hiMsA Adi se nivRtta hone ke kAraNa mahAvrata samajhanA caahie| saMyamaghAtI karma kA udaya hone se sAmAyika vrata meM saMyama kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| prazna- sarvasAvadhanivRtti lakSaNa sAmAyika meM sthita vyAvRta ke saMyama prApta hotA hai ata: use saMyata kyoM na mAnA jAe? uttara- yadyapi sAmAyika meM sarvasAvadhanivRtti ho jAtI hai tathApi saMyamaghAtI cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya ke kAraNa ise saMyata nahIM kaha skte| 6. upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANa :- upetya, bhogA jAtA hai vaha upabhoga hai| upetya AtmasAt karake bhogA jAtA hai, jo eka bAra hI bhoge jAte haiM, aise gandha, mAlA, bhojana, pAna Adi upabhoga kahalAtA hai| - chor3a karake puna bhogA jAtA hai, vaha paribhoga kahalAtA hai| jo eka bAra bhoge jAkara bhI dubArA bhoge jA sakeM ve paribhoga kahalAte haiN| AcchAdana (vastra), prAvaraNa, alaMkAra, zayyA, ghara, yAna, vAhana Adi paribhoga haiN| upabhoga aura paribhoga, upabhogaparibhoga kahalAte haiM tathA upabhogaparibhoga kA parimANa upabhogaparibhogaparimANa hai| arthAt upabhoga aura paribhoga sAmagrI ke bhogane kI maryAdA karanA upabhogaparibhoga pariNAma hai| - trasaghAta, bahusthAvara ghAta kAraka, pramAda kAraka, aniSTa (zarIra ko hAnikAraNa) aura anupasevya ke bheda se bhogaparisaMkhyAna (bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata) pA~ca prakAra hai| trasaghAta kI nivRtti ke lie madhu-mAMsa ko hamezA ke lie chor3a denA caahie| pramAda kA nAza karane ke lie hitAhita kAryAkArya ke viveka ko naSTa karane vAlI aura moha ko karane vAlI madirA kA tyAga avazya karanA caahie| ketakI ke puSpa, arjuna ke puSpa Adi bahuta jantuoM ke utpatti sthAna haiM, tathA adarakha, mUlI, gIlI haldI, nIma ke phUla Adi anantakAya kahe jAne yogya haiM (arthAt inameM ananta sAdhAraNa nigodiyA jIva 437 For Personal & Private Use Only

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rahate haiN|) inake sevana meM alpaphala aura bahuvighAta hotA hai ata: inakA tyAga hI kalyANakArI hai| yAna, vAhana, gADI, ratha, ghor3A, alaMkAra Adi meM itane mujhe iSTa haiM, rakhanA haiM anya aniSTa haiM' isa prakAra vicAra kara aniSTa se nivRtti karanI cAhie, kyoMki jaba taka abhisandhi (abhiprAya) pUrvaka vastu kA tyAga nahIM kiyA jAtA hai taba taka vaha vrata nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jo sva ko iSTa hai parantu ziSTa janoM ke lie upasevya nahIM hai, dhAraNa karane yogya nahIM hai aise vicitra prakAra ke vastra, vikRta veSa, AbharaNa Adi anupasevya padArthoM kA yAvajjIvana parityAga karanA caahie| yadi yAvajjIvana tyAga karane kI zakti nahIM ho to amuka samaya kI maryAdA se amuka vastuoM kA parimANa karake nivRtti karanI caahie| atithisaMvibhAga vrata- saMyama kI virAdhanA na karate hue jo gamana karatA hai, vaha atithI hai| cAritra lAbha rUpI bala se sampanna hone ke kAraNa jo saMyama kA vinAza na karake bhramaNa karatA hai, vaha atithi hai vA jisake Ane kI tithi nizcita nahIM hai, vaha atithi hai (jisakA aniyata kAla meM gamana hai)| saMvibhAjana ko saMvibhAga kahate haiN| atithi ke lie saMvibhAga-dAna denA, atithisaMvibhAga hai| bhikSA, upakaraNa, auSadha aura pratizraya (vasatikA) ke bheda se atithi saMvibhAgavata cAra prakAra kA hai| mokSArthI, saMyamaparAyaNa, zuddhamati atithi ke lie zuddha mana se nirdoSa AhAra denA caahie| usa muni ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyagcAritra ko bar3hAne vAle picchI, kamaNDalu, zAstra Adi dharmopakaraNa bhI dene caahie| parama zraddhA aura bhakti se una yatiyoM ke lie yogya auSadhi aura vasatikA (rahane kA sthAna) bhI denA caahie| sAmAyika- kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyAoM se nivRtta hokara AtmA meM ekatvarUpa meM gamana (lIna) honA hI saMyama hai| samaya kA bhAva yA samaya kA prayojana hI sAmAyika hai, arthAt mana, vacana aura kAya kI kriyAoM kA nirodha karake apane svarUpa meM sthira ho jAnA hI sAmAyika hai| sAmya bhAva ko "samatA" kahate haiN| isa sAmya bhAva meM rahane ko 438 For Personal & Private Use Only

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"sAmAyika' kahate haiN| anukUla paristhiti meM ho yA pratikUla paristhiti ho, lAbha ho yA hAni ho, niMdA ho yA prazaMsA ho, jIvana ho yA maraNa ho satkAra ho yA tiraskAra ho samasta paristhitiyoM meM rAga-dveSa nahIM karanA harSa-viSAda nahIM honA hInabhAva yA ahaMvRtti ko dhAraNa nahIM karanA hI sAmAyika hai| pUrvocAryoM ne kahA bhI hai jIvida maraNe lAbhAlAbhe sNjoyvippogey| baMdhurisuhadukkhAdiSu samadA sAmAiyaM NAma // (23) mUlAcAra jIvana, maraNa meM, lAbha-alAbha meM, saMyoga-viyoga meM, mitra-zatru meM tathA sukha-duHkha ityAdi meM samabhAva honA sAmAyika nAma kA vrata hai| duHkhe sukhe vairiNi bandhuvarge, yoge viyoge bhuvane vane vaa| nirAkRtAzeSamamatvabudhdeH samaM mano me'stu sadApi nAtha // (3) // sAmAyika pATha meM amitagati AcArya bhagavAna se kahate haiM ki hai bhagavan ! duHkha meM, sukha meM, vairiyoM meM, bandhuvarga meM, saMyoga meM, viyoga meM, bhavana meM, vana meM sadA merI buddhi samasta rAga-dveSa se rahita hokara samatA meM rhe| :: samatA sarvabhUteSu-saMyamaH zubha bhaavnaa| Arttaraudra parityAga-staddhi sAmAyikaM mtN||(2) * saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM meM samatA bhAva honA, saMyama meM zubha bhAvanA honA, ArttadhyAna, raudradhyAna se rahita honA sAmAyika hai| 5. proSadhopavAsa- AtmA ke samIpa jAkara pA~coM indriyoM kA AtmA meM Thahara jAnA 'upavAsa' hai| 'upa' zabda kA artha samIpa yA nikaya hai aura 'vas' dhAtu Thaharane ke artha meM hai| pA~coM indriyoM kA zabdAdi apane-apane viSayoM se nivRtta hokara AtmA ke samIpa pahu~ca jAnA hI upavAsa hai| athavA azana (khAdya), pAna (peya), bhakSya (svAdya) aura lehya rUpa cAra-prakAra ke AhAroM kA tyAga karanA upavAsa hai| proSadha (parva) meM upavAsa karanA prASadhopavAsa kahalAtA hai| 'proSadha' zabda parva kA paryAyavAcI hai athavA saMjJA meM sAdhana kRta samAsa hai arthAt proSadha kA artha ekAsana hai| usa proSadha ke sAtha kiyA huA upavAsa 439 For Personal & Private Use Only

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proSadhopavAsa hai| proSadhopavAsa karane vAlA zrAvaka, snAna, gaMdha, mAlA Adi se rahita hokara zuci (pavitra) sthAna meM baitthe| nirArambhI proSadhopavAsa karane vAlA zrAvaka svazarIra ke saMskAra ke kAraNabhUta snAna, gandha, mAlA, alaMkAra Adi se rahita pavitra sthAna meM, sAdhu ke nivAsa sthAna meM, caityAlaya meM vA apane proSadhopavAsa ghara meM dharmakathA - -zravaNa-zrAvaNa, cintana aura dhyAna Adi meM apanA upayoga te hue sthita rahe 1 vratI ko sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA upadeza mAraNAntika sallekhanAM joSitA / ( 22 ) (The house-holder is also) the observer in the last moment of his life, of the process of peaceful death which is characterised by non-attachment to the world and by a suppression of the passions. tathA vaha mAraNAntika sallekhanA kA prItipUrvaka sevana karane vAlA hotA hai| svakIya pariNAmoM se gRhIta Ayu, indriyAM, balAdi prANoM kA kAraNa vaza kSaya hone ko maraNa kahate haiM / anta kA grahaNa tadbhava maraNa kI pratipatti ke lie hai / maraNa do prakAra kA hai- nitya maraNa aura tadbhava maraNa / pratikSaNa svakIya Ayu kI jo nivRtti hotI hai nAza hotA hai arthAt samaya-samaya meM Ayu ke niSeka jo udaya meM Akara naSTa hote haiM vaha nitya maraNa haiM / bhavAntara prApti ke anantara upazliSTa pUrva paryAya kA nAza honA tadbhava maraNa kahalAtA hai| isa sUtra meM anta zabda kA grahaNa tadbhava maraNa ko grahaNa karane ke liye hai / maraNa antaH maraNAntaH aura maraNAnta jisakA prayojana hai - vaha mAraNAntika hai| sallekhanA - arthAt bhalI prakAra kAya aura kaSAya ko kRza karanA / likha dhAtu se 'Ni' pratyaya karane se lekhanA zabda banatA hai, usakA artha tanUkaraNa yAnI kRza karanA hai| bAhya zarIra aura Abhyantara kaSAyoM ke kAraNoM ko nivRtti pUrvaka kramaza: bhalI prakAra kSINa karanA sallekhanA hai / usa mAraNAntika sallekhanA 440 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ko prItipUrvaka sevana karanA, dhAraNa krnaa| isako sevana karane vAlI gRhastha zrAvaka hotA hai| _ 'joSitA' zabda se yahA~ prIti pUrvaka sevana karanA artha vivakSita hai, antaraMga prIti ke binA jabaradastI sallekhanA nahIM karAI jAtI, jaba AtmA sallekhanA karane meM apanA paramahita samajhatA hai, tabhI svayaM premapUrvaka use dhAraNa karatA hai| sallekhanA se Atma hatyA nahIM- pramAda ke yoga se prANa vyaparopaNa ko hiMsA kahate haiN| parantu sallekhanA maraNa ko Atmavadha nahIM kaha skte| rAgAdi kA abhAva hone se pramAda nahIM hai| kyoMki rAga dveSa aura moha Adi se kaluSita vyakti jaba viSa, zAstra Adi se abhiprAya pUrvaka apanA ghAta karatA hai taba Atmavadha kA doSa lagatA hai, parantu sallekhanA dhArI ke rAgadveSAdi kaluSatAe~ nahIM hai ata: usake Atmavadha ke doSa kA sparza nahIM hai| arthAt samAdhimaraNa karane vAlA Atmavadha ke doSa kA bhAgI nahIM hai kahA bhI hai rAgAdImaNuppA ahiMsaketti desidaM smye| . tesiM ceduppattI hiMsetti jiNehi nnidditthtthaa||9|| rAgAdi kI utpatti nahIM hone ko ahiMsA aura rAgadveSa kI utpatti ko jinendra bhagavAna ne hiMsA kahA hai| athavA maraNa to aniSTa hotA hai| jaise aneka prakAra ke paNya (sonA, cAMdI, vastra Adi vastuoM) ke lena, dena, saMcaya Adi ke karane meM tatpara kisI bhI dukAnadAra ko una upayogI vastuoM ke AdhArabhUta ghara kA vinAza iSTa nahIM hai aura va ghara ke vinAza ke kAraNoM ke upasthita hone para yathAzakti vaha una kAraNoM ko dUra karatA hai, yadi unakA parihAra karanA duHzakya hotA hai to vaha usa ghara meM rakhI sonA cA~dI Adi paNya vastuoM kI rakSA karane kA prayatna karatA hai, usI prakAra vrata, zIla Adi ke dvArA puNya ke saMcaya meM pravartamAna gRhastha bhI vrata Adi ke AzrayabhUta zarIra kA kabhI vinAza nahIM cAhatA, zarIra ke nAza ke kAraNoM ke upasthita hone para apane guNoM ke avirodha se yathAzakti 441 For Personal & Private Use Only

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saMyama ke anusAra unako dUra bhI karatA hai, phira bhI yadi niSpratikAra avasthA ho jAtI hai to apane saMyama kA nAza na ho, saMyama Adi kI rakSA ho jAe, isake lie pUrA prayatna karatA hai ; ataH vratAdi kI rakSA ke lie kiyA gayA prayatna Atmavadha kaise ho sakatA hai ? sallekhanAdhArI ke jIvana aura maraNa donoM meM hI Asakti nahIM hai| jisa prakAra tapasvI zIta uSNajanya sukha-duHkha ko nahIM cAhatA aura yadi binA cAhe sukha-duHkha A jAte haiM to vaha rAgadveSa kA abhAva hone se sukha du:kha kRta karmoM kA bandhaka bhI nahIM hotA hai - usI prakAra arhatpraNIta sallekhanA ko karane vAlA vratI jIvana aura maraNa donoM ke prati anAsakta rahatA hai, parantu yadi maraNa ke kAraNa upasthita ho jAte haiM to rAgadveSa Adi na hone se use Atma vadha kA doSa nahIM lagatA hai| sallekhanA AtmaghAta kyoM nahIM hai ? maraNe'vazyaM bhAvini kaSAya sllekhnaatnukrnnmaatre| rAgAdimaMtareNa vyApriyamANasya nAtmaghAtosti // 177 // maraNa ke niyama se utpanna hone para kaSAya sallekhanA ke sUkSma karane mAtra meM rAga-dveSa ke binA vyApAra karane vAle sallekhanA dhAraNa karane vAle puruSa ke AtmaghAta nahIM haiN| AtmaghAtI kauna hai? yo hi kaSAyAviSTaH kumbhajaladhUmaketuviSa shstreH| vyaparopayati prANAn tasya syAt stymaatmbdhH||178|| nizcaya karake jo puruSa kaSAya se raMjita hotA huA, kumbhaka, zvAMsa rokanA, jala, agni, viSa aura zastroM ke dvArA prANoM ko naSTa karatA hai usake Atmavadha vAstava meM hotA hai| sallekhanA ahiMsA bhAva hai ? nIyate'tra kaSAyA hiMsAyA hetavo ytstnutaam| sallekhanAmapi tataH prAhurahiMsA prasiddhayartham // 197 // 442 For Personal & Private Use Only

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isa sallekhanA meM hiMsA ke kAraNabhUta kaSAya jisa kAraNa sUkSma kiye jAte haiM isaliye sallekhanA ko bhI ahiMsA kI prasiddhi ke lie kahate haiN| sallekhanA kA prayatna kaba karanA cAhiye ? jarA, roga aura indriyoM kI vikalatA ke kAraNa apanI Avazyaka kriyAoM kI hAni hone para sallekhanA dhAraNa karanI cAhiye / arthAt jisa samaya vyakti zarIra ko jIrNa-zIrNa karane vAlI jarA se kSINa - bala vIrya ho jAtA hai aura vAtAdi vikArajanya rogoM ke vyApta hone se usakI indriyoM kI zakti kSINa ho jAtI hai tathA vaha Avazyaka kriyAoM ke paripAlana meM asamartha ho jAtA hai, indriya bala ke naSTa ho jAne se mRtaka ke samAna ho jAtA hai, usa samaya buddhimAn sAvadhAna vratI maraNa ke anivArya kAraNoM ke upasthita hone para prAsuka bhojana - pAna aura upavAsa Adi ke dvArA kramaza: zarIra ko kRza karatA hai aura maraNa paryanta anuprekSAoM kA cintana karatA huA zAstrokta vidhi se sallekhanA dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha uttamArtha kA ArAdhaka hotA hai / arthAt jaba zarIra aura indriyA~ vratoM ko pAlana karane meM asamartha ho jAtI haiM taba jJAnI vratI sallekhanA dhAraNa karatA hai| upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rUjAyAM ca niHpratIkAre / tanuvimocana mAhuH sallekhanAmAryAH // dharmAya gaNadharAdika deva pratIkAra rahita upasarga: duSkAla, bur3hApA, aura roga ke upasthita hone para dharma ke lie zarIra chor3ane ko sallekhanA kahate haiM / samyaka darzana ke pA~ca aticAra zaGkAkAGa kSAvicikitsA'nyadRSTi prazaMsAsaMstavAH samyagdRSTeraticArAH / (23) There are 5 defects or partial transgressions faRT: which should not be found in a man of right belief. 1. zaMkA - Doubt, Scepticism; 2. kAMkSA - Desire of Sense pleasures ; 3. fafafanuT- Disqust at anything e.g., with a sick or deformed For Personal & Private Use Only 443

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person ; 4. anyadRSTiprazaMsA - Thinking admiringly of wrong believers; 5. anyadRSTisaMstava - Praising wrong believers. zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, anyadRSTiprazaMsA, aura anyadRSTisaMstava ye samyagdRSTi ke pA~ca aticAra haiM: darzana mohanIya karma ke udaya se tattvArtha zraddhAna se vicalita honA, aticaraNa honA aticAra hai| aticAra aura atikrama ye ekArthavAcI haiN| ye zaMkAdi pA~ca aticAra samyagdarzana ke haiN| darzanavizuddhi ke prakaraNa meM niHzaMkita, ni:kAMkSita Adi samyagdarzana ke guNa kahe haiN| unake pratipakSI zaMkA Adi pA~ca aticAra / arthAt tattva meM zaMkA karanA, saMsAra ke bhogoM kI vAJchA karanA, muniyoM ke zarIra ko dekhakara glAni karanA, mithyAdRSTiyoM kI mana se prazaMsA aura vacana se saMstuti karanA / prazna- saMstavana aura prazaMsA meM kyA vizeSatA hai ? uttara- mana aura vacana ke viSayabheda se prazaMsA aura saMrAvana meM bheda hai| mithyAdRSTiyoM ke jJAna - cAritrAdi guNoM kA mana se abhinandana karanA prazaMsA hai tathA vacanoM se mithyAdRSTiyoM ke vidyamAna evaM avidyamAna guNoM kA udbhAvana- kathana karanA saMstavana hai; yaha ina donoM meM bheda hai| yadyapi samyagdarzana ke aMga ATha batAye haiM aura unake pratipakSI doSa bhI ATha ho sakate haiM, parantu ina pA~coM meM hI sabakA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / pA~ca vratoM aura sapta zIloM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra kahane kI icchA vAle AcArya ne 'prazaMsA' aura 'saMstava' meM zeSa (vAtsalya, prabhAvanA aura sthitikaraNa ke viparIta bhAva) kA antarbhAva hone se samyagdarzana ke bhI pA~ca hI aticAra kahe haiM, isameM koI doSa nahIM hai / yadyapi yahA~ para agArI kA prakaraNa hai aura Age bhI agArI kA prakaraNa rahegA tathApi isa sUtra meM agArI - gRhastha samyagdRSTi ke aticAra nahIM batAye haiM kyoMki yahA~ samyagdRSTi kA grahaNa ubhaya (gRhastha evaM muni) artha ke lie hai / arthAt punaH samyagdRSTi pada kA grahaNa karane se sAmAnya samyagdRSTi (cAhe muni ho cAhe gRhastha) ke ye aticAra haiN| 444 For Personal & Private Use Only

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5 vrata aura 7 zIloM ke aticAroM kI vyAkhyA vratazIleSu paJca paJca ythaakrmm| (24) There are 5 defects respectively in each of the 5 vrata Vows and 7 zIla Supplementary Vows which should be avoided. vratoM aura zIloM meM pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra haiM jo krama se isa prakAra haiN| ahiMsA Adi pA~ca vrata kahalAte haiM aura digvirati, dezavrata, anarthadaMDa virata, sAmayika, proSadhopavAsa, bhogopabhogapariNAma aura atithisaMvibhAga ye sAta zIla kahalAte haiN| una vratoM aura zIloM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra hote haiM, vrata kA ekadeza bhaMga honA aticAra hai| yadyapi digvirati Adi zIla kI abhisandhi (saMkalpa) pUrvaka nivRtti hone se vrata hI hai tathApi zIla vizeSa rUpa se vratoM ke parirakSaNa ke lie hote haiM ata: 'zIla' zabda isa vizeSa artha kA dyotana karane ke lie hai tathA zIla ke grahaNa se digvirati Adi kA grahaNa hotA hai ata: inakA 'pRthak zIla zabda se nirdeza kiyA hai| sAmarthya se isameM, gRhastha ke vratoM kA saMpratyaya (jJAna) hotA hai| yadyapi isa sUtra gRhastha aura muni Adi vizeSaNa nahIM haiM tathApi Age kahe jAne vAle vadha, bandhana, cheda Adi vacana ke sAmarthya se jJAta hotA hai ki ye aticAra gRhasthoM ke vratoM ke haiN| ata: Age aticAra ke sAmarthya se yahA~ gRhastha ke vratoM kA grahaNa hotA hai kyoMki 'bandhavadhaccheda'----- ye grahasthoM ke hI vratoM ke aticAra ho sakate haiM, anagAra (muni) ke nhiiN| ahiMsANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra bndhvdhcchedaatibhaaraaropnnaanpaannirodhaaH| (25) The partial transgressions of the first vow ahiMsA aNuvrata are : 1. bandha - Tying up. 2. vadha - Beating. 3. cheda - Mutilating 4. atibhArAropaNa - Overloading. 445 For Personal & Private Use Only

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5. annapAnanirodha human being. bandha, vadha, cheda, atibhAra kA AropaNa aura annapAna kA nirodha ye ahiMsA aNuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| With-holding-food or drink from an animal or bandha - abhimata (icchita ) deza (sthAna) meM jAne ke nirodha kA kAraNa bandha hai| athavA icchita deza meM jAne ke utsuka ke lie usa gamana ke pratibandha ke hetu khUMTe Adi meM rassI se isa prakAra bA~dha denA jisase vaha iSTa deza meM gamana na kara sake vaha baMdha kahalAtA hai| vadha - prANI- pIr3A kA kAraNa vadha kahalAtA hai / DaNDA, kor3A, beMta Adi se pITanA vadha hai na ki prANihatyA, kyoMki prANihatyA se virakti to vratadhAraNakAla meM hI ho cukI hai| cheda- aGga kA apanayana karanA cheda hai / karNa, nAsikA Adi avayavoM kA chedana karanA - nAza karanA cheda kahalAtA hai| atibhArAropaNa - ucita bhAra se adhika bhAra lAdanA atibhArAropaNa hai / atyanta lobha ke kAraNa baila, ghor3e Adi para ucita bhAra se adhika bhAra lAdanA atibhArAropaNa hai| annapAnanirodha - bhUkha-pa -pyAsa kI bAdhA denA annapAnanirodha hai| una gAya, bhaiMsa, baila Adi ke lie kisI kAraNa se bhUkha-pyAsa kI bAdhA paidA karanA, unheM samaya para cArA- pAnI nahIM denA annapAnanirodha hai / ye pA~ca ahiMsANuvrata ke aticAra haiN| satyANuvrata ke aticAra mithyopadezarahobhyAkhyAnakUTalekhakriyAnyAsApahArasAkAramantrabhedAH / (26) The partial transgressions of the second vow satyANuvrata are : 1. mithyopadeza 2. rahobhyAkhyAna 446 Preaching false doctrines. Divulging the secret actions of man and woman. For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. kUTalekhakriyA 4. nyAsApahAra 5. sAkAramaMtrarbhada Forgery and perjury. - Unconscientious dealing by means of speech. - - Divulging what one guesses by seeing the behavious or gertures of others, who are consulting in private. mithyopadeza, rahobhyAkhyAna, kUTalekhakriyA, nyAsApahAra aura sAkAramaMtra bheda ye satyANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| mithyopadeza - mithyA, anya pravartana yA yarthArtha kriyAoM kA chipAnA mithyopadeza hai / abhyudaya aura niHzreyasArthaka kriyAoM meM anyathA pravRtti karA denA yA unake prati ulaTI bAta kahanA mithyopadeza kahalAtA hai / rahobhyAkhyAna - saMvRta (gupta) kA prakAzana rahobhyAkhyAna hai / strI-puruSoM ke dvArA ekAnta meM kiye gaye rahasya (saMketa, bAtacIta Adi) kA udghATana karanA royAkhyAna hai aisA jAnanA cAhiye / kUTalekhakriyA - paraprayoga se anukta paddhatikarma kUTalekhakriyA hai / kisI ke nahIM kahane para bhI kisI dUsare kI preraNA se yaha kahanA ki 'usane aisA kahA hai yA aisA anuSThAna kiyA hai' isa prakAra vaJcana ke nimitta ( Thagane ke lie) lekha likhanA kUTalekhakriyA hai| nyAsApahAra - hiraNya Adi nikSepa meM alpasaMkhyA kA anujJA vacana nyAsApahAra hai| suvarNa Adi gahanA rakhane vAle dvArA bhUla se alpaza: ( kama ) mA~gane para jAnate hue bhI 'jo tuma mA~gate ho le jAo' isa prakAra anujJA vacana kahanA, usakA kama denA nyAsApahAra nAmaka aticAra kahalAtA hai| sAkAramantrabheda-prayojana Adi ke dvArA para ke gupta abhiprAya kA prakAzana sAkAramantrabheda hai| prayojana, prakaraNa, aGgavikAra athavA bhUkSepa Adi ke dvArA dUsare ke abhiprAya ko jAnakara IrSAvaza use prakaTa kara denA sAkAramantrabheda hai| satyANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM / ye acauryANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra stenaprayogatadAhRvAdAnavirUddharAjyAtikramahInAdhikamAnonmAna For Personal & Private Use Only 447

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pratirUpakavyavahArA: / ( 27 ) The Partial Transgressions of the third vow acauryANuvrata 1. stenaprayoga Abetment of theft. 2. tadAhRtAdAna 3. viruddharAjyAtikrama 4. hInAdhikamAnonmAna 5. pratirUpaka vyavahAra stenaprayoga, stena AhRtAdAna, viruddharAjyAtikrama, hInAdhika mAnonmAna aura pratirUpakavyavahAra ye acaurya aNuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| stenaprayoga- cora ko caurya karma meM svayaM prayukta karanA stena prayoga hai| arthAt - corI karane vAle ko svayaM prayoga ( upAya ) batalAnA va dUsare ke dvArA usako corI meM prayukta - pravRtta karAnA aura usa corI kI vA cora kI mana se prazaMsA karanA, corI karanA acchA mAnanA, ye saba stenaprayoga haiM, aisA jAnanA cAhie / are : - Receiving stolen property. - Illegal traffic e.g. by selling things at inordinate prices in time of war or to alien enemies, etc. - False weights and measures. Adulteration. tadAhRtAdAna - cora ke dvArA lAye gaye dravya ko grahaNa karanA tadAhRtAdAna hai| apane dvArA jisake upAya nahIM batAye gae haiM aura na jisakI anumodanA hI kI hai aise cora ke, corI karake lAe hue dravya ko kharIdanA tadAhRtAdAna hai; aisA jAnanA cAhie / prazna- tadAhRtAdAna meM kyA doSa hai ? uttara - corI kA mAla kharIdane ( tadAhRtAdAna) se, para- pIr3A, rAjabhaya Adi aneka doSa utpanna hote haiN| isake virUddha rAjyAtikrama Adi bhI jAnanA caahie| arthAt rAjya ke virUddha kArya karane se bhI para - pIr3A, rAjabhaya Adi aneka doSa utpanna hote haiN| 448 virUddharAjyAtikrama - ucita nyAya se adhika bhAga ko grahaNa karanA atikrama hai| ucita nyAyabhAga se adhika bhAga dUsare upAyoM se grahaNa karanA For Personal & Private Use Only

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atikrama kahalAtA hai| virUddharAjya (rAjya ke niyamoM ke virUddha) rAjyaparivartana ke samaya alpa mUlya vAlI vastuoM ko adhika mUlya kI btaanaa| arthAt alpa mUlya prApta vastu ko mahAkImata meM dene kA prayatna karanA virUddharAjyatikrama hInAdhikamAnonmAna- kraya-vikraya prayoga meM kUTaprastha, tarAjU Adi ko hInAdhika rakhanA honAdhikamAnonmAna hai| prasthAdi mAna kahalAte haiM aura tarAjU Adi unmaan| dUsare ko dete samaya kama bA~ToM (kama vajana vAle bA~ToM) se denA aura lete samaya adhika vajana vAle bA~ToM kA prayoga karanA hInAdhikamAnonmAna kahalAtA hai| ___pratirUpaka vyavahAra- kRtrima suvarNa Adi banAnA pratirUpaka vyavahAra hai| kRtrima suvarNa Adi ke dvArA vaJcanApUrvaka vyavahAra karanA arthAt kRtrima vastuoM ko asalI vastu meM milAkara dUsaroM ko ThaganA pratirUpaka vyavahAra kahalAtA hai| ye adattAdAna virati ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| brahmacaryANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra paravivAhakaraNetvarikA parigRhItAparigrahItAgamanAnaGgakrIr3A kaamtiivraabhiniveshaaH| (28) The partial transgression of the fourth vow Traderet are: 1. paravivAhakaraNa - Bringing about the marriage of people who are not of one's own family. 2. itvarikAparigrahItAgamana - Intercourse with a married immo ral woman. 3. itvarikAaparigrahItAgamana / - Intercourse with an unmarrried immoral woman. 4. anaGgakrIDA - Unnatural sexual intercourse. 5. kAmatIvrAbhiniveza - Intense sexual desire. paravivAhakaraNa, itvarikAparigrahItAgamana, itvarikAaparigrahItAgamana, mina * 449 For Personal & Private Use Only

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anaGgakrIDA aura kAmatIvrAbhiniveza ye svadArasantoSa aNuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| ___ 1. parivivAhakaraNa- sAtA vedanIya karma aura cAritra mohanIya karma ke udaya se kanyA ke varaNa ko vivAha kahate haiN| dUsare vivAha ko paravivAha kahate haiM aura para ke vivAha karAne ko paravivAhakaraNa kahate haiN| 2. aparigRhItAitvarikA-ayanazIla ko itvarI kahate haiN| jJAnAvaraNakarma ke kSayopazama se prApta gAna, nRtyAdi kalA aura cAritramoha nAmaka strI veda ke udaya se viziSTa aGgopAGga ke lAbha se jo parapuruSoM ko prApta hotI hai, parapuruSoM ko sevana karatI hai; unako apane adhIna karatI hai, vaha itvarI (vyAbhicAriNI strI) kahalAtI hai aura kutsita artha meM 'ka' pratyaya karane se 'itvarikA' zabda kI niSpatti hotI hai| aparigRhItA aura parigRhItA ke bheda se itvarikA do prakAra kI hai| jo vezyA rUpa se vA puMzcalI rUpa se parapuruSoM ko sevana karatI hai, jisakA koI svAmI nahIM hai vaha aparigRhItA itvaritA hai| 3. parigRhItA itvarikA- jo eka puruSa ke dvArA pariNIta hai arthAt jisakA eka svAmI vidyamAna hai, vaha phira bhI parapuruSaramaNazIla hai, vaha parigRhItA itvarikA hai| isa prakAra aparigRhIta aura parigRhIta itvarikAoM se sambandha rakhanA, unake yahA~ AnA-jAnA aparigRhItA itvarikAgamana aticAra hai| 4. anaGgakrIDA-anaMgoM se krIDA anaGgakrIDA hai| puruSa kA liMga (prajanana) aura strI kI yoni kAma sevana ke aGga haiN| una aGgoM ko chor3akara anyatra aGgoM meM krIDA karanA anaGgakrIDA hai| arthAt kAmasevana ke yoni Adi aGgoM ke sivAya anya aMgoM meM anekavidha liMga aura yoni ke vikAra se kAmAtirekavaza krIr3A karanA anaGgakrIDA hai| 5. kAmatIvrAbhiniveza- kAma kA pravRddha pariNAma kAmatIvrAbhiniveza hai| kAma kI tIvra pravRtti, satata kAmavAsanA se pIr3ita rahakara viSayasevana meM lage rahanA kAmatIvrAbhiniveza hai| ye pA~ca svadAra-saMtoSavrata (brahmacaryANuvrata) ke aticAra haiN| prazna- dIkSitA, atibAlA, tiryAMcinI Adi kA sevana karanA aticAra hai; 450 For Personal & Private Use Only

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unakA grahaNa isameM kyoM nahIM kiyA ? uttara-dIkSitA, atibAlA tathA pazu Adi meM maiTa pravRtti karanA kAmatIvrAbhiniveza kA phala hai ata: kAmatIvrAbhiniveza ke grahaNa se isakI siddhi ho jAtI hai| kyoMki chor3ane yogya dIkSita ; ativAlA, tiryacinI Adi meM maithuna kI vRtti kAmatIvrAbhiniveza se hI hotI hai| prazna- ina aticAra rUpa kArya karane meM kyA doSa hai ? uttara- ina kAryoM ke karane se rAjabhaya, lokApavAda, pApakarmoM kA Agamana - Adi aneka doSa utpanna hote haiN| parigrahaparimANANuvrata ke aticAra kSetravAstuhiraNyasuvarNadhanadhAnyadAsIdAsakupya bhaannddprmaannaatikrmaaH| (29) Transgressing the limit of fields, houses, silver, gold, cattle, corn, female and male servants, clothes. kSetra aura vastu ke pramANa kA atikrama, hiraNya aura suvarNa ke pramANa kA atikrama, dhana aura dhAnya ke pramANa kA atikrama, dAsa aura dAsI ke pramANa kA atikrama tathA kupya aura bhANDa ke pramANa kA atikrama ye parigrahaparimANa aNuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| 1. kSetra- cAvala Adi dhAnyoM kI utpatti kA sthaan| 2. vAstu- AgAra, bhavana, ghr| 3. hiraNya- cAMdI Adi kA vyvhaar| rajata ke vyavahAra tantra ko hiraNya kahate haiM athavA sone ke sikke Adi ko bhI hiraNya kahate haiN| 4. suvarNa- vyavahAra meM Ane vAlA sonA prasiddha (jJAta) hI hai| 5. dhAnya- cAvala, gehU~, mUMga, tila aadi| 6.7. dAsIdAsa-naukara, strI-puruSa vrg| 8. kupya- kapAsa evaM kose Adi kA vastra aura candana Adi vstueN| 9. dhana- gAya, baila, azva Adi catuSpadipazu smuh| 451 For Personal & Private Use Only

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10. bhANDa- pItala, suvarNa, sTIla, loka ityAdi nirmita bhAjana samUha tIvra lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara inakI maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA pramANAtikrama hai| 'merA itanA hI parigraha hai, isase adhika nahIM' isa prakAra maryAdita kSetra, vAstu, hiraNya, suvarNa Adi parigraha kI atilobha ke kAraNa maryAdA bar3hA lenA, svIkRta maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA pramANatikrama hai| ye parigraha parimANa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| digvrata ke aticAra uurdhvaadhstirygvytikrmkssetrvRddhismRtyntraadhaanaani| (30) The partial Transgressions of the first qurga i.e. frontare: 1. urdhvavyatikrama Higher than your limit; 2. adha:vyatikrama Lower than your limit; 3. tirdagvyatikrama Other 8 directions beyond your limit; 4. kSetravRddhi To increase the boundaries; 5. smRtyantarAdhAna Forgetting the limit in the vow. urdhvavyatikrama, adhovyatikrama, tiryagvyatikrama, kSetravRddhi aura smRtyantarAdhAna ye digvirativrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| parimita dizAoM kI avadhi (maryAdA) kA ullaGghana karanA atikrama hai| UrdhvAtikrama, adho'tikrama aura tiryagvyatikrama ke bheda se atikrama tIna prakAra kA hai| UrdhvAtikrama- maryAdita parvata aura sama bhUmi Adi se Upara car3hanA UrdhvAtikrama adho'tikrama-maryAdita adhobhAga se adhika kUpAdi meM nIce utaranA adho'tikrama tiryagvyatikrama- bhUmi ke bila, guphA Adi meM praveza karake maryAdA kI ullaGghana karanA tiryagvyatikrama aticAra hai| kSetravRddhi-lobhakaSAya ke vazIbhUta hokara svIkRta maryAdA kA parimANa bar3hA lenA kSetravRddhi hai| pUrva dizA meM yojana Adi ke dvArA maryAdA karake punaH lobha 452 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kaSAya ke kAraNa usa maryAdA se adhika dizA kI icchA karanA kSetravRddhi hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie ina dizAoM kI maryAdA kA ullaGghana pramAda, moha aura cittavyAsaMga se hotA hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| dezavrata ke aticAra aanynpressypryogshbdruupaanupaatpudglkssepaaH| (31) The partial transgressions of the second Gunavrata i.e. aptad are: 1. Anayana Sending for something from beyond the limit. 2. preSyaprayoga Sending some one out beyond the limit. 3. zabdAnupAta Sending one's voice out beyond limit e.g. by telephone. 4. rUpAnupAta Making signs for persons beyond the limit as the morse code with flags etc. 5. pudgalakSepa Throwing something material beyond the limit. Anayana, preSyaprayoga, zabdAnupAta, rUpAnupAta aura pudgalakSepa ye dezavirati vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| 1. Anayana- 'usako lAo' aise AjJApana ko Anayana kahate hai| apane saMkalpita deza se bAhara sthita vyakti ko prayojanavaza kucha padArtha lAne kI AjJA denA Anayana hai| 2.. preSyaprayoga- aisA karo' isa prakAra kA viniyoga preSyaprayoga hai| svIkRta deza kI maryAdA se bAhara svayaM na jAkara aura dUsaroM ko na bulAkara bhI preSya (naukara) ke dvArA iSTa vyApAra siddha karanA preSyaprayoga hai arthAt svayaM to nahIM jAnA parantu dUsare ko bhejakara kAma karavAnA hI preSyaprayoga hai| 3. zabdAnupAta- abhyuta khA~sI Adi karanA zabdAnupAta hai| maryAdA ke bAhara kArya karane vAle naukaroM kA uddezya lekara khar3e hokara khA~sI yA anya prakAra se zabda (hU~ hU~----) karake naukaroM se kArya karAnA zabdAnupAta hai| 453 For Personal & Private Use Only

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4. rUpAnupAta- apane zarIra ko dikhAnA rUpAnupAta hai| 'mere rUpa ko (yA mujhe) dekhakara ye zIghra hI kArya kareMge' isa abhiprAya se apane zarIra ko dikhAnA rUpAnupAta hai aisA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai| 5. pudgalakSepa- patthara Adi kA nipAta pudgalakSepa haiN| naukara-cAkaroM kA uddezya lekara unako saMketa karane ke lie kaMkar3a-patthara Adi pheMkanA pudgalakSepa kahA jAtA hai| ye pAMca dezavrata ke aticAra haiN| anarthadaNDavrata ke aticAra kndrpkautkucymaukhryaasmiikssyaadhikrnnopbhogpribhogaanrthkyaani| (32) The partial transgression of the third Gunavrata' i.e. 3172fcusad are: 1. kandarpa Poking fun at another. 2. kautkucya Gesticulating and mischievous practical jo king. 3. maukharya Gossip, garrulity. .. 4. asamIkSyAdhikaraNa Overdoing a thing. 5. upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya Keeping too many consumable and non-co nsumable objects. kandarpa, kautkucya, maukharya, asamIkSyAdhikaraNa, aura upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya ye anarthadaNDavirati vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| kandarpa- rAgodreka se prahAsamizrita aziSTa vacanoM kA prayoga karanA kandarpa hai| cAritra moha ke udaya se apAdita rAga ke udreka se hAsyayukta vacanoM kA prayoga karanA kandarpa kahA jAtA haiN| kautkucya- hAsya vacana aura rAga kA udreka - ina donoM ke sAtha kAya kI duSTa ceSTA karanA kautkucya hai| isa ceSTAoM meM rAga kA samAveza hone se hAsya vacana aura aziSTa vacana ina donoM ke sAtha zarIra kI kuceSTA karanA kautkucya kahalAtA hai| arthAt kAya kI kuceSTAoM ke sAtha-sAtha hone vAlA hAsya aura 454 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aziSTa prayoga kautkucya hai| maukharya- dhRSTatApUrvaka yadvA-tadvA bahupralApa karanA maukharya hai| zAlInatA kA tyAga kara nirlajjatA-pUrvaka bakavAsa karanA maukharya hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| asamIkSyAdhikaraNa- mana, vacana aura kAya ke bheda se adhikaraNa tIna prakAra kA hai| mAnasa adhikaraNa- nirarthaka kAvya Adi kA ciMtana mAnasa adhikaraNa hai| vAcanika adhikaraNa- niSprayojana parapIr3AdAyaka kucha bhI bakavAsa karanA, anargala pralApa karanA vAcanika adhikaraNa hai| kAyika adhikaraNa- binA prayojana calate hue, Thaharate hue, baiThate hue, sacitta evaM acitta patra, puSpa, phaloM kA chedana-bhedana, kuTTana, kSepaNa Adi karanA, agni, viSa, kSAra Adi padArtha denA Adi jo kriyA kI jAtI hai vaha kAyika adhikaraNa hai| ye sarva asamIkSyAdhikaraNa haiM arthAt mana-vacana-kAya kI niSprayojana ceSTA asamIkSyAdhikaraNa hai| bhogopabhogAnarthakya- jitanI bhogopabhoga sAmagrI se kAma cala sakatA hai usase adhika niSprayojana sAmagrI ko Anarthakya kahate haiN| bhogopabhoga sAmagrI kA Anarthakya bhogopabhogAnarthakya kahalAtA hai| . sAmAyika zikSAvrata ke aticAra yogdussprnnidhaanaanaadrsmRtynupsthaanaani| (33) The partial transgressions of the first zikSAvrata i.e. sAmAyika are: 1. manoduSpraNidhAna _Misdirection of mind during meditation. 2. kAyaduSpraNidhAna Misdirection of body during meditation. 3. vAkduSpraNidhAna Misdirection of speech during meditation. 4. anAdara Lack of interest. . 5. smRtyanupasthAna Forgetting of due formalities. kAyayogaduSpraNidhAna, vacanayogaduSpraNidhAna manoyogaduSpraNidhAna anAdara 455 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura smRtyuyoga kA anupasthAna ye sAmAyika vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| kAyaduSpraNidhAna- duSpraNidhAna yAnI anyathA prvrtnaa| pravidhAna, prayoga aura pariNAma ye ekArthavAcI haiN| duSTa jo pApa pariNAma use duSpraNidhAna kahate haiN| athavA yogoM kA anyathA pravartana yoga-duSpraNidhAna hai| krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vaza hokara zarIra ke avayavoM kA vicitra aneka rUpa vikRta-rUpa ho jAnA kAya-duSpraNidhAna hai| vAcanika duSpraNidhAna- varNasaMskAra kA abhAva tathA artha ke Agamakatva meM capalatA arthAt nirarthaka azuddha vacanoM kA prayoga karanA vAcanika duSpraNidhAna mAnasika duSpraNidhAna- mana kA anarpitatva honA, anyathA honA, mana kA upayoga nahIM laganA mAnasika duSpraNidhAna hai| anAdara- anutsAha ko anAdara kahate haiN| karttavya karma kA jisa-kisI taraha nirvAha karanA anAdara yA anutsAha hai| arthAt sAmAyika ke prati utsAha nahIM honA hI anAdara hai| smRtyanupasthAna- ekAgratA kA na rahanA hI smRtyanupasthAna hai| anekAgratA asamAhita manaskatA aura smRtyanupasthAna ye saba ekArthavAcI haiN| arthAt citta kI ekAgratA na honA aura mana meM samAdhirUpatA kA na honA smRtyanupasthAna kahA jAtA hai| proSadhopavAsa zikSAvrata ke aticAra apratyavekSitApramArjitotsargAdAna sNstropkrmnnaanaadrsmRtynpsthaanaani| (34) The partial transgression of the second zikSAvrata i.e. proSadhopavAsa are: 1. apratyavekSitApramArjitotsarga To excrete in a place without inspecting and without sweeping 456 For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. apratyavekSitApramArjitAdAna 3. apratyavekSitApramArjitasaMstaropakramaNa 4. anAdara 5. smRtyanupasthAna To take up or lay down things in a place without inspecting and without sweeping it. apratyavekSita apramArjita bhUmi meM utsarga, apratyavekSita apramArjita vastu kA AdAna, apratyavekSita apramArjita saMstara kA upakramaNa, anAdara aura smRti kA anupasthAna meM proSadhopavAsa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM / apratyavekSitA-pramArjitotsarga- binA dekhe aura binA zodhI huI bhUmi para malamUtrAdi karanA - apratyavekSitA-pramArjitotsarga haiN| To spread a mat or seat in a place without inspecting and without sweeping it. Lack of intrest. Forgetting of due formalities. apratyavekSitApramArjitAdAna- binA dekhI, binA zodhI huI bhUmi para arhanta yA AcArya kI pUjA ke upakaraNa kA rakhanA, uThAnA tathA gandha, mAlA, dhUpAdi kA aura apane paridhAna (bichaunA) Adi vA vastra - pAtrAdi padArtho kA rakhanA, uThAnA, grahaNa karanA Adi apratyavekSita pramArjitAdAna hai / apratyavekSitApramArjita saMstaro-pakramaNa:- binA dekhI vA binA zodhI bhUmi para saMstara (bichaunA) Adi bichAnA apratyavekSitA - pramArjita saMstaropakramaNa hai / anAdaraH- Avazyaka kriyAoM meM anutsAha- anAdara hai| bhUkha-pyAsa Adi ke kAraNa Avazyaka kriyAoM meM utsAha nahIM rakhanA anAdara hai / * smRtyanupasthAna :- rAtri aura dina kI kriyAoM ko pramAda kI adhikatA se bhUla jAnA smRtyanupasthAna hai, ye pA~ca proSadhopavAsa ke aticAra haiN| * The bhoga upabhoga parimANa ke aticAra sacittasaMbandhasaMmizrAbhiSavaduSpakvAhArAH / ( 35 ) partial Transgression of the third zikSAvrata upabhogaparibhogaparimANavrata are: For Personal & Private Use Only i.e. 457

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1. sacittAhAra taking living things e.g. green vege table. 2. sacittasambandhAhAra taking any thing connected with a living things e. g. using a green leaf as a plate. 3. sacittasammizrAhAra Taking a mixture of living and non living things e. g hoi with fresh water. 4. abhiSavAhAra Taking ophrodisiacs or strengthe ning or exciting food. 5. du:pakvAhAra Taking badly cooked food. sacittAhAra, sacitta sambandhAhAra, sacitta sammizrAhAra, abhiSavAhAra aura duHpakvAhAra ye upabhoga paribhogaparimANa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| sacitta :- citta ke sahita sacitta kahalAtA haiN| citta nAma vijJAna kA hai, vijJAna nAma cetanA kA hai, isalie cetanA sahita dravya ko sacitta kahate haiN| sacitta sambandha :- usa citta ke sAtha upazliSTa hai, use sambandha kahate haiN| usa jIvasahita sacitta dravya se sambandhita vastu ko sacitta sambandha kahate haiN| jo dUsarI vastu se saMsarga kare saMyoga kare, usI kA nAma sambandha hai| sacittasaMmizra :- sacitta ke sAtha vyatikIrNa (vyApta) hai, use sacittasammizra kahate haiN| vA 'sammi zrayate' arthAt sacitta aura acitta donoM milakara ekameka ho jAe~, paraspara bheda nahIM rahe, vaha sacitta sammizra kahalAtA hai| pramAda tathA moha ke kAraNa kSudhA, tRSA se pIr3ita vyakti kI jaldI-jaldI meM sacitta sambandha, sacitta sammizra Adi meM bhojana, pAna anulepana tathA paridhAna (vastrAdi) Adi ke lie pravRti ho jAtI hai| __ abhiSava AhAra drava aura uttejaka bhojana ko abhiSava kahate haiN| drava sirakA Adi aura uttejaka, kAmoddIpaka puSTikAraka bhojana kA AhAra abhiSava kahalAtA hai| duSpakva AhAra :- jo acchI taraha nahIM pakA huA ho vaha duSpakva kahalAtA hai| jo cAvala, dAla Adi Upara se paka gae hoM para bhItara nahIM pake ho arthAt '458 For Personal & Private Use Only

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acchI taraha se pake hue nahIM hoM vA jisa khAdya padArtha kA adhika pAka ho jAe, vaha AhAra duSpakva kahalAtA hai| duSpakva bhojana se indriyoM meM mada kI vRddhi hotI hai| sacitta vastu ke khAne se vAyu Adi doSoM kA prakopa ho sakatA hai, phira unakA pratikAra karane kI kriyAoM meM pApa lagatA hai aura atithi ( munigaNa) use grahaNa nahIM karate haiM ata: vaha tyAjya hai / ye pA~ca upabhogaparibhogapramANa saMkhyAna vrata ke aticAra haiN| atithisaMvibhAga vrata ke aticAra sacittanikSepApidhAnaparavyapadezamAtsaryakAlAtikramAH / ( 36 ) The partial transgression of the fourth zikSAvrata i.e. atithisaMvibhAgavrata are: 1. sacittanikSepa 2. sacittApidhAna 3. paravyapadeza 4. mAtsarya Placing the food on a living thing e.g. on a green plantain leaf. Covering the food with a living thing. Delegation of host's duties to ano ther. Lack of respect in giving or envy of another donor. 5. kAlAtikrama Not giving at the proper time. sacittanikSepa, sacittApidhAna, paravyapadeza, mAtsarya aura kAlAtikrama ye atithisaMvibhAgavrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| (1) sacittanikSepa - sacitta para rakhA huA sacittanikSepa kahalAtA hai| sacitta kA lakSaNa pahale kara diyA hai| sacitta kamala - patra Adi para rakhI huI vastu sacittanikSepa kahalAtI hai| (2) sacittApidhAna - sacitta se DhakanA sacittApidhAna hai / apidhAna AvaraNa .ye ekArthavAcI haiN| prakaraNavaza sacitta se DhakanA sacittApidhAna hai| ( 3 ) paravyapadeza - anya dAtA kA dravya hai, aisA kahakara arpaNa karanA paravyapadeza hai| yaha dUsare sthAna para hai, yaha deya padArtha bhI dUsare kA hai aisA kahakara arpaNa For Personal & Private Use Only 459

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karanA paravyapadeza hai| (4) mAtsarya - atithi ko AhAra dete samaya anAdara bhAva rakhanA mAtsarya hai| AhAra dete samaya Adara bhAva ke binA denA mAtsarya kahalAtA hai| (5) kAlAtikrama - akAla meM AhAra denA kAlAtikrama hai| anagAroM ke ayogyakAla meM AhAra denA vA sAdhuoM ke bhikSAkAla ko TAla denA kAlAtikrama kahA jAtA hai| ye atithisaMvibhAgavata ke pA~ca aticAra kahe haiN| sallekhanA ke aticAra jiivitmrnnaashNsaamitraanuraagsukhaanubndhnidaanaani| (37) The partial Transgression of Hortacat peaceful death are: 1. jIvitAzaMsA Desire to prolong one's life. 2. maraNAzaMsA Desire to die soon. 3. mitrAnurAga Attachment to friends 4. sukhAnubandha Repeated rememberance of past enjoyments. 5. nidAna Desire of enjoyments in the next world. jIvitAzaMsA, maraNAzaMsA, mitrAnurAga, sukhAnubandha, aura nidAna ye sallekhanA ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| (1) jIvitAzaMsA - AkAMkSA ko AzaMsA kahate haiN| AkAMkSaNa, abhilASA aura AzaMsA ye ekArthavAcI haiN| jIvana kI AkAMkSA karanA jIvitAzaMsA hai aura maraNa kI abhilASA karanA maraNAzaMsA hai| avazya naSTa hone vAle zarIra ke avasthAna meM Adara jIvitAzaMsA hai, yaha zarIra avazya tyAgane yogya hai, jala ke bulabule ke samAna anitya hai| aise isa zarIra kI sthiti kisa prakAra sthira rakhI jAe? kaise yaha bahuta kAla taka TikA rahe ityAdi rUpa se zarIra ke Thaharane kI abhilASA jIvitAzaMsA hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| (2) maraNAzaMsA - jIvana ke saMkleza ke kAraNa maraNa ke prati citta kA anurodha maraNAzaMsA hai| rogAdi kI tIvra pIr3A ke kAraNa jIvana meM kleza hone para maraNa ke prati citta kA praNidhAna honA maraNAzaMsA hai| sallekhanA dhAraNa kara lene 460 For Personal & Private Use Only

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para bhI yadi khyAti ho rahI ho to jIvana kI abhilASA karanA aura zArIrika pIr3A ke kAraNa marane kI icchA karanA jIvitamaraNAzaMsA hai| (3) mitrAnurAga - pUrvakRta, mitroM ke sAtha dhUli meM khelane Adi kA smaraNa mitrAnurAga hai| arthAt bacapana meM jinake sAtha dhUli meM khele haiM, jinhoMne Apatti meM sahAyatA dI hai aura sukha-utsava Adi meM jo sahayogI bane haiM una mitroM kA smaraNa karanA mitrAnurAga hai| (4) sukhAnubandha - pUrvAnubhUta prItivizeSa kA smRtisamanvAhAra sukhAnubandha hai| 'maine yaha khAyA, isa prakAra ke palaMga para sotA thA, isa prakAra krIDA karatA thA' ityAdi pUrva bhukta krIDA, zayana, bhoga Adi kA smaraNa karanA sukhAnubandha kahA jAtA hai| (5) nidAna - bhogoM kI AkAMkSA se jisameM citta lagA diyA jAtA hai, vaha nidAna haiN| viSaya sukhoM kI utkaTa abhilASA bhogAkAMkSA hai| usa bhogAkAMkSA se jisameM niyata rUpa se citta lagA diyA jAtA hai vaha nidAna hai, arthAt bhaviSyatkAla meM bhogoM kI vAJchA karanA nidAna hai| ye pA~ca sallekhanAvRta ke aticAra haiN| dAna kA lakSaNa anugrahArthaM svasyAtisargoM daanm| (38) Charity is the giving off one's belongings for the good of one's self . and of others. anugraha ke liye apanI vastu kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| . - 'sva aura paropakAra ke liye apane dhana kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| sva aura para kA upakAra anugraha hai| svopakAra aura paropakAra ko anugraha kahate haiN| sAdhuoM ko dAna dene se dAtA ke puNya saMcaya hotA hai, yA svopakAra hai aura zuddha AhAra karane se sAdhuoM ke jJAna-dhyAna kI vRddhi hotI hai, vaha paropakAra hai| ___'sva' zabda dhana kA paryAyavAcI hai| 'sva' zabda ke Atma AtmIya jAti, dhana Adi artha hote haiM, parantu yahAM para 'sva' zabda kA artha dhana kA paryAyavAcaka grahaNa karanA caahiye| sva-para kA anugraha karane lie dhana kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| 461 For Personal & Private Use Only

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The fruition of charity is different according to the difference in: 1. vidhi Manner. 2. dravya Thing given. 3. dAtA Person who gives and 4. pAtra Person to whom it is given. vidhi, deya, vastu, dAtA aura pAtra kI vizeSatA se usakI vizeSatA hai| pratigrahAdi krama ko vidhi vizeSa kahate haiN| pAtra kA pratigraha - par3agAhanA karanA, ucca sthAna denA, usake pAda prakSAlana karanA, pAtra kI pUjA karanA, namaskAra karanA, mana-vacana aura kAya kI zuddhi rakhanA aura anna-jala kA zuddha honA, isa navadhA bhakti ko vidhivizeSa kahate haiM / (1) vidhi vizeSa - yahA~ vizeSa guNakRta hai| ataH usakA sambandha pratyeka meM abhisambandhita hai| paraspara kI vizeSatA ko viziSTa athavA vizeSa kahate haiN| yaha vizeSatA guNakRta hotI hai ataH vizeSa kA sambandha pratyeka meM lagAnA cAhiye / jaise - vidhi vizeSa, dravya vizeSa, dAtR vizeSa aura pAtra vizeSa / pratigraha Adi kriyAoM meM Adara vizeSa hI vidhivizeSa hai; kyoMki pratigraha Adi meM Adara - anAdara kRta hI bheda hotA hai| dAna meM vizeSatA vidhidravyadAtRpAtravizeSAttadvizeSaH / ( 39 ) 462 saMgrahamuccasthAnaM vAkkAyamana: pAdodakamarcanaM praNAmaM ca zuddhi reSaNazuddhizca vidhimAhuH uttama pAtroM kA bhale prakAra samIcIna rIti se grahaNa karanA, isI kA nAma pratigrahaNa - par3agAhana bhI hai unheM U~cA Asana denA unake pAda prakSAlana karanA unakI pUjA karanA aura praNAma karanA, vacanazuddhi rakhanA, kAyazuddhi rakhanA, mana zuddhi rakhanA aura eSaNAzuddhi rakhanA arthAt AhAra kI zuddhi rakhanA isako dAna dene kI vidhi kahate haiN| ( 2 ) dravya vizeSa - tapa, svAdhyAya kI parivRddhi kA kAraNa dravya vizeSa hai| diye jAne vAle anna Adi meM grahaNa karane vAle (sAdhujanoM) ke tapa, svAdhyAya 1 || (168) pu. si. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke pariNAmoM kI vRddhi kAraNa bhUtatA hai, vA jo grahaNa karane vAle ke tapa, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura pariNAmoM kI zuddhi Adi kI vRddhi kA kAraNa ho, vaha dravya vizeSa kahA jAtA hai| rAgadveSAsaMyamamadaduHkhabhayAdikaM na yatkurute / dravyaM tadeva deyaM sutapa: svAdhyAyavRddhikaram // ( 170 ) pu. si. jo rAga, dveSa, asaMyama, mada, duHkha bhaya Adi ko nahIM karatA hai sutapa karane meM, svAdhyAya karane meM jo vRddhi karane vAlA ho vahI dravya dene yogya hai| (3) dAtR vizeSa - janasUyA, aviSAda Adi dAtR vizeSa haiN| pAtra ke prati IrSA kA nahIM honA, tyAga meM viSAda nahIM honA, dene kI icchA karane vAle meM yA dene vAle meM vA jisane dAna diyA hai una saba meM prIti honA, kuzala abhiprAya honA, pratyakSa phala kI AkAGakSA nahIM karanA, kisI se visaMvAda nahIM karanA aura nidAna nahIM karanA dAtR vizeSa hai| 1 aihikaphalAnapekSA kSAMtirniSkapaTatAnasUyatvam aviSAditvamuditve nirahaMkAritvamiti hi dAtRguNAH / / (169) pu. si. isa sambandhI evaM paraloka sambandhI phala kI apekSA nahIM karanA, kSamAbhAva dhAraNa karanA, mAyAcAra nahIM rakhanA, IrSyA bhAva nahIM rakhanA, kisI bhI kAraNa se viSAda - kheda nahIM karanA aura ho jAne para isa bAta kA harSa manAnA kiM mujhe Aja bahuta phAyatA ho gayA / ahaMkAra mAna nahIM karanA isa prakAra nizcaya se dAtA guNa sampanna honA Avazyaka hai| (4) pAtra vizeSa mokSa me kAraNa-bhUta guNoM kA saMyoga jisameM hotA ho vaha pAtra vizeSa hai| mokSa ke kAraNa bhUta samyagdarzana, samyagyajJAna aura samyakcAritra se jo yukta hai arthAt mokSa ke kAraNa bhUta samyagdarzanAdi guNa jisameM pAye -jAte haiM vaha pAtra vizeSa hai / For Personal & Private Use Only 463

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pAtraM tribhedayuktaM saMyogo moksskaarnngunnaanaam| aviratasamyagdRSTirviratAviratazca sakalaviratazca // (171) pu.si. samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra inakA jinameM saMyoga ho aise, aviratasamyagdRSTi-caturthaguNasthAnavartI, viratAvirata-dezavirata paMcamaguNasthAnavartI aura sakalavirata-chaThe guNasthAnavartI munirAja isa prakAra pAtra tIna prakAra ke kaha gaye haiN| pRthvI, jala Adi vizeSa se jaise bIja ke phala meM vizeSatA hotI hai vaise hI vidhivizeSa Adi se phala vizeSa kI prApti hotI hai| jaise bhUmi, bIja Adi kAraNoM meM guNavattA (vidhivizeSAdi) hone se phala vizeSa kI prApti hotI hai arthAt atyadhika phalotpatti dekhI jAtI hai| nAnA prakAra se bIjoM kI utpatti honA usakA vizeSa hai| usI prakAra vidhivizeSa, dAtR vizeSa, dravyavizeSa aura pAtravizeSa se dAna ke phala meM vizeSatA AtI hai| abhyAsa prazna :1. vrata kI paribhASA likheM? 2. dezavrata evaM mahAvrata kise kahate haiM ? 3. vratoM kI sthiratA ke lie kyA karanA cAhie? 4. ahiMsA vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAyeM kyA-kyA haiM ? 5. satya vrata kI bhAvanAyeM kyA-kyA haiM? 6. acaurya vrata kI sthiratA ke lie kauna sI bhAvanA karanA cAhie ? 7. brahmacarya vrata kI pAMca bhAvanAyeM kyA-kyA haiM? 8. parigraha tyAga kI pAMca bhAvanAye kauna-kauna sI haiM ? 9. pAMcoM pApoM ke bAre meM kyA vicAra karanA cAhie? 10. pAMcoM pApa duHkha svarUpa kyoM haiM ? 11. vibhinna jIvoM ke prati kaisI-kaisI bhAvanA karanI cAhie? 12. saMsAra aura zarIra ke svabhAva kA vicAra kyoM karanA cAhie? 13. hiMsA kI paribhASA kyA hai? 14. hiMsA evaM ahiMsA kA vizeSa varNana karo ? 464 For Personal & Private Use Only

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15. asatya kA lakSaNa kyA hai ? 16. asatya kA vizeSa varNana karo ? 17. corI kI paribhASA kyA hai ? 18. abrahmacarya kise kahate haiM ? 19. parigraha pApa kA lakSaNa kyA haiM ? 20. parigraha se hiMsA kyoM hotI hai ? 21. jIva vratI kaba hotA hai ? 22. sAta zIlavrata kI paribhASA likhoM ? 23. sallekhanA kaba dhAraNa karanA cAhie ? 24. sallekhanA se AtmahatyA kyoM nahIM hotI hai ? 25. samyagdarzana ke aticAra kyA-kyA haiM ? 26. satyANuvrata ke aticAra kyA-kyA haiM ? 27. acauryavrata ke aticAra kyA-kyA haiM? 28. bramhacarya vrata ke aticAra kyA-kyA haiM ? 29. anarthadaNDa vrata ke aticAroM kA varNana karo ? 30 sAmAyika vrata ke aticAra kyA-kyA haiM ? 31. dAna kA lakSaNa kyA hai ? 32. dAna meM vizeSatA kaise AtI hai ? paramparA - rUr3hi meM nihita satya tathya kA zodha-bodha karanA hI yuga . puruSoM kA karttavya hai / jo kisI bhI prakAra anucita bandhana ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM ve hI duniyA~ ke lie Adarza banate hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 465

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adhyAya 8 bandhatattva kA varNana BONDAGE OF KARMA bandha ke kAraNa mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogAbandhahetavaH / ( 1 ) Wrong-belief, non abstinence, negligence, passions and activities are the cause of bondage. mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya, aura yoga ye bandha ke hetu hai / samyagdarzana ke viSayabhUta sapta tattva meM se pahale jIva- ajIva, Amrava kA varNana pahale adhyAya se lekara saptama adhyAya taka kiyA gayA hai| krama prApta bandha tattva kA varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| saptama adhyAya meM varNita karma paramANuoM kA Asrava ke bAda jIva ke sAtha karma paramANuoM kA jo saMzleSa sambandha hotA hai use baMdha kahate haiN| isalie bandha cetana (jIva) aura acetana ( ajIva, karmaparamANu) dravyoM kA pariNAma, pariNamana paryAya yA avasthA vizeSa hai| mukhyataH ye bandha do prakAra ke haiM (1) bhAvabandha ( 2 ) dravya bandha / bhAvabandha pUrvaka hI dravya baMdha hotA hai| isalie bhAvabandha kA varNana isa sUtra meM kiyA hai| vaha bhAva bandha nokarmabandha, karmabandha ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| mAtA- 1 - pitA-putra Adi kA sneha sambandha no karma bandha hai| jo karma bandha hai vaha karma abhavya kI apekSA santati paramparA se anAdi anaMta hai aura bhavya kI apekSA anAdi sAnta hai / bhavya kI apekSA bhI jaba taka bhavya mokSa nahIM jAtA hai taba taka usakI karma bandha kI paramparA anAdi se hai| baMdha prakaraNa meM karmabandha kA varNana nahIM karake bandha ke hetuoM kA varNana pahale kiyA gayA hai kyoMki kAraNa pUrvaka kArya hotA hai| yadi bandha binA hetuoM se hotA hai taba mokSa bhI kabhI nahIM ho sakatA hai| isaliye sarva prathama unhIM tuoM kA varNana kiyA jAyegA / bandha ke kAraNa sAmAnya rUpa se upayoga evaM yoga hai| yahA~ upayoga kA bhAvika pariNamana hai, jIva jaba svasvabhAva ko chor3akara vaibhAvika rUpa meM pariNamana 466 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karatA rahatA hai taba vibhinna karma ko bAMdhatA hai / madhyama pratipatti se bandha ke 5 kAraNa batAye gaye haiM / yathA (1) mithyAdarzana: (2) avirati ( 3 ) pramAda (4) kaSAya (5) yoga "tattvArtha zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam' arthAo I tattvArtha ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiN| mithyAdarzana isase viparIta hai| arthAt "atattvArtha zraddhAnaM mithyAdarzanam " tattvoM kA zraddhAna karanA yA tattvoM kA zraddhAna nahIM karanA mithyAdarzana hai| bandha prakaraNa meM bandhoM ke kAraNa batalAte hue mithyAdarzana ko pahale grahaNa karane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki mithyAdarzana samasta bandha kAraNoM meM se pradhAna evaM prathama kAraNa hai| mithyAtva ko Agama zAstra meM anaMta saMsAra kA kAraNa hone se ananta kahA gayA hai aura usake sAtha rahane vAle krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko anantAnubandhI kahA gayA hai| anAdi mithyAdRSTi jaba eka bAra bhI samyagdarzana ko prApta kara letA hai taba usakA ananta saMsAra kA viccheda ho jAtA hai kevala adhika se adhika arddhapudgala parivartana saMsAra raha jAtA hai yadi vaha carama zarIrI hai to tadbhava meM mokSa jA sakatA hai isalie samantabhadrasvAmI ne bhI kahA hai na samyaktva samaM kiMcittraikAlye zreyo'zreyazca mithyAtvasamaM - trijagatyapi / nAnyattanUbhRtAm // ( 34 ) - ra. zrAvakAcAra prANiyoM ke tIna kAloM aura tIna loka meM bhI samyagdarzana ke samAna kalyANarUpa aura mithyAdarzana ke samAna akalyANarUpa anya vastu nahIM hai / samyagdarzana prApta hone ke bAda aneka pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai, yathA - samyagdarzana zuddhA nArakatiryaGnapuMsakastrItvAni / duSkulavikRtAlpAyurdraridratAM ca vrajanti nApyavratikA / / (35) . samyagdarzana se zuddha jIva vrata rahita hone para bhI nAraka, tiryaMca, napuMsaka aura strIpane ko tathA nIca kula, vikalAMga avasthA, alpAyu aura daridratA ko prApta nahIM hotA / mithyAtva guNasthAna ke aMta meM 16 pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdhaviccheda hotA For Personal & Private Use Only 467

Page #483
hai yathA - micchtthNddsNddhaa'sNptteykkhthaavraadaavN| suhumatiyaM viyaliMdiya NirayaduNirayAugaM micchN||(95) (go. sA. karmakANDa) 1. mithyAtva 2. huNDaka saMsthAna 3. napuMsakaveda 4. asaMprAptAsRpATikA saMhanana 5. ekendriya jAti 6. sthAvara 7. Atapa 8. sUkSmAdi tIna arthAt sukSma, 9. aparyApta 10. sAdhAraNa, vikalendriya tIna arthAt 11. do indriya 12. tIna indriya 13. cau indriya 14. naraka gati 15. narakagatyAnupUrvI 16. nrkaayu| ye solaha prakRtiyA~ haiN| mithyAtva guNasthAna ke aMta samaya meM inakI baMdha vyucchitti ho jAtI haiN| arthAt mithyAtva se Age ke guNasthAnoM meM inakA baMdha nahIM hotaa| tatvArtha sAra meM baMdha kA vizeSa varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai - bandhasya hetavaH paJca syrmithyaatvmsNym| pramAdazca kaSAyazca yogazceti jinoditaaH||(2) adhyAya 5 pR.140 mithyAtva, asaMyama, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ye bandha ke pA~ca hetu jinendra bhagavAna ke dvArA kahe gaye haiN| mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda aikAntikaM sAMzayikaM viparItaM tathaiva c| AjJAnikaM ca mithyAtvaM tathA vainayikaM bhvet|| (3) aikAntika, sAMzayika, viparIta, AjJAnika aura vainayika ye mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda haiN| I aikAntikamithyAtva kA lakSaNa yatrAbhisannivezaH syAdatyantaM dhrmidhrmyoH| idamevetthameveti tdaikaantikmucyte|| (4) jisameM dharma aura dharmI ke viSaya meM 'yaha aisA hI hai' isa prakAra kA ekAnta abhiprAya hotA hai vaha aikAntika mithyAtva kahA jAtA hai| 468 For Personal & Private Use Only

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II sAzaMyikamithyAtva kA lakSaNa ___kiM vA bhavenna vA jaino dhrmo'hiNsaadilkssnnH| iti yatra matidvaidhaM bhavetsAMzayikaM hi tt||(5) 'jinendra bhagavAna ke dvArA kahA huA ahiMsAdi lakSaNa dharma hai yA nahIM' isa prakAra kI jisameM buddhi kA bhrama rahatA hai vaha sAMzayikamithyAtva hai| viparItamithyAtva kA lakSaNa sagrantho'pi ca nirgrantho grAsAhArI ca kevlii| rUcirevaMvidhA yatra viparItaM hi ttsmRtm||(6) parigraha sahita bhI gurU hotA hai aura kevalI kavalAhArI hotA hai isa prakAra kI jisameM zraddhA hotI hai vaha viparItamithyAtva hai| IV AjJAnikamithyAtva kA lakSaNa hitAhitavivekasya ytraatyntmdrshnm| yathA , pazuvadho dhrmstdaajnyaanikmucyte||(7) jisameM hita aura ahita ke viveka kA atyanta abhAva hotA hai, jaise pazuvadha dharma hai, vaha AjJAnikamithyAtva kahA jAtA hai| vvainayikamithyAtva kA lakSaNa sarveSAmapi devAnAM samayAnAM ca tathaiva c| yatra syAtsamadarzitvaM jJeyaM vainayikaM hi tt||(8) jisameM sabhI devoM aura sabhI dharmoM ko samAna dekhA jAtA hai use vainaMyikamithyAtva jAnanA caahie| - bAraha prakAra kA asaMyama ssdd'jiivkaaypnycaakssmnovissybhedtH| kathito dvAdazavidhaH srvvidbhirsNymH||(9) .. chahakAya ke jIva tathA pA~ca indriya aura manasambandhI viSaya ke bheda se sarvajJa bhagavAn ne bAraha.prakAra kA asaMyama kahA hai| 469. . For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #485
pRthivIkAyika Adi pA~ca prakAra ke sthAvara tathA ina chaha ke jIvoM kA ghAta karanA tathA sparzanAdi pA~ca indriyoM aura mana ke viSayoM vRtti karanA isa taraha bAraha prakAra kA asaMyama hotA hai| ATha zuddhi tathA kSamA Adi daza lakSaNoM se yukta dharma ke viSaya meM jo anutsAha hai vaha sarvajJa bhagavAna ke dvArA pramAda kahA gayA hai| bhAva, kAya, vinaya, IryApatha, bhaikSya, zayanAsana, pratiSThApana aura vAkya ke bheda se zuddhi ke ATha bheda haiN| tathA uttamakSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiJcanya aura brahmacarya ke bheda se dharma ke daza bheda haiN| ina ATha prakAra kI zuddhiyoM tathA daza prakAra ke dharmoM meM utsAha na honA pramAda kahalAtA hai| pramAda kA lakSaNa zuddhayaSTake tathA dharme kSAntyAdidazalakSaNe / yo'nutsAhaH sa sarvajJai pramAdaH parikIrtita: 11 ( 10 ) paccIsa kaSAya solaha kaSAya aura nau nokaSAya kahI gaI haiN| inameM jo thor3A bheda hai vaha nahIM liyA jAtA hai isalie donoM milAkara paccIsa kaSAya kahalAtI hai| pandraha yoga 470 syurnokaSAyA naveritAH / Sor3azaiva kaSAyAH ISadbhedo na bhedo'tra kaSAyAH paJcaviMzatiH // ( 11 ) cAra manoyoga, cAra vacanayoga aura sAta kAyayoga isa prakAra saba milAkara pandraha yoga kahe gaye haiM / catvAro hi manoyogA vAgyogAnAM catuSTayam / paJca dvau ca vapuryogA yogAH paJcadazoditA: / (12) isa prakAra ye mithyAdarzana Adi pA~coM milakara yA pRthak-pRthak bandha ke hetu haiN| khulAsA isa prakAra hai- mithyAdRSTi jIva ke pA~coM hI milakara bandha ke hetu haiN| sAsAdanasamyagdRSTi, samyagmithyAdRSTi aura avirata samyagdRSTi For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #486
ke Adi ke cAra bandha ke hetu haiM / saMyatAsaMyata ke virati aura avirati ye donoM mizrarUpa tathA pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ye bandha ke hetu haiM / pramattasaMyata ke pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ye tIna bandha ke hetu haiM / apramattasaMyata Adi cAra yoga aura kaSAya ye do bandha ke hetu haiM / upazAnta kaSAya, kSINakaSAya aura saMyogakevalI inake eka yoga hI bandha kA hetu haiN| ayogakevalI ke bandha kA hetu nahIM hai| bandha kA lakSaNa sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAnpudgalAnAdatte sa bandha: / ( 2 ) The soul owing to its being with passion, assimulates matter which is fit to form karmas. This is bondage. vaha kaSAya sahita hone se jIva karma ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, bandha hai| jIva ke sAtha karma baMdha hone ke liye pudgaloM ke baMdha yogya guNoM ke sAtha-sAtha jIva meM bhI baMndha hone yogya guNoM kI AvazyakatA anivArya hai / pratyeka kArya upAdAna kAraNa (antaraMga kAraNa, mukhya kAraNa ) nimitta kAraNa (bahiraMga kAraNa - gauNa kAraNa) ke samavAya se hI hotA hai| ataH karma vargaNA meM snigdhatva- rukSatva guNa hone para bhI jIva meM snigdhatva ( rAga AkarSaNa - dhana Aveza) rukSatva (dveSa - vikarSaNa RNa Aveza) guNa nahIM hone para jIva ke sAtha karmabandha nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki jo kArya jitane kAraNoM se sampAdana hotA hai usake eka bhI kAraNa ke abhAva meM vaha kArya nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi aisA hove to sampUrNa karma kalaMka se rahita siddha bhagavAna ko bhI karma bandha hone lagegA aura ve saMsArI ho jaayegeN| itanA hI nahIM amUrtika zuddha AkAza, dharma, adharma, evam kAla ko bhI karma bandha hone lagegA aura vaha bhI azuddha hokara saMsArI ho jAvegA / parantu yaha honA kaSTa sAdhya nahIM apitu asaMbhava hI hai| cumbaka apane cumbakIya kSetra meM sthita loha khaNDa ko AkarSita karatA hai parantu usa kSetra meM sthita patthara lakar3I Adi ko AkarSita nahIM karatA hai / isase siddha hotA ki cumbaka meM AkarSaSa karane kI zakti hai tathA lohe meM AkarSita hokara Ane kI zakti hai| uparokta donoM zaktiyoM meM se eka bhI For Personal & Private Use Only 471

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zakti ke abhAva meM paraspara meM AkarSaNa evam AkarSita nahIM ho sakate haiN| isI prakAra pudgala vargaNA meM bandhane kI zakti hone para bhI saMsArI jIva meM bAMdhane kI zakti nahIM ho to karma bandha nahIM ho sktaa| isase siddha hotA hai ki, anAdi kAla se jIva karma bandha se sahita hone ke kAraNa mUrtika evam rAga dveSa se sahita hai| isa siddhAnta kA pratipAdana amRtacandra sUri ne tattvArthasAra meM nimna prakAra kiyA hai| AcArya nemIcandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTTa sAra karmakANDa meM kahe dehodayeNa sahio jIvo Aharadi kamma nnokmm| paDisamayaM savvaMgaM tattAya sapiMDaovva jlN||(3) karmakANDa yaha jIva audArika Adi zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se yoga sahita hokara jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karma rUpa hone vAlI karma vargaNAoM ko tathA audArika Adi cAra zarIra (1) audArika (2) vaikriyaka (3) AhAraka (4) taijasa; rUpa hone vAlI no karma vargaNAoM ko hara samaya cAroM tarapha se grahaNa karatA hai, jaisA ki Aga se tapA huA lohe kA golA pAnI ko saba ora se apanI tarapha khIMcatA hai| bajjhadi kammaM jeNa du cedaNabhAveNa bhAvabaMdho so| kammAdapadesANaM aNNoNapavesaNam idro||(32) dravyasaMgraha jisa cetana bhAva se karma baMdhatA hai vaha to bhAvabandha hai, aura karma tathA AtmA ke pradezoM kA paraspara pravezana rUpa arthAt karma aura AtmA ke pradezoM kA ekAkAra hone rUpa dUsarA dravya bandha haiN| uvaogamao jIvo mujjhadi rajjedi vA pdussedi| pappA vividhe visaye jo hi puNo tehiM sNbNdho||(175) pravacanasAra jo upayogamaya jIva vividha viSayoM ko prApta karake moha karatA hai, rAga karatA 472 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #488
hai, athavA dveSa karatA hai, unake dvArA bandha rUpa hai| payaDiTidiaNubhAgappadesa bhedAdu caduvidho bNdho| jogA payasi padesA ThidiaNubhAgA kaSAya do hoMti / ( 33 ) dra. saMgraha prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ina bhedoM se bandha cAra prakAra kA haiN| inameM yogoM se prakRti tathA pradeza bandha hote haiM, aura kaSAyoM se sthiti tathA anubhAga bandha hote haiM / sapadeso so appA tesu padesesu pavisaMti jahAjoggaM ciTThati hi puggalA jaMti vaha AtmA sapradezI . hai una pradezoM meM pudgala samUha praveza karate haiM yathAyogya rahate haiM, nikalate haiM aura bandhate haiN| kAyA / bajjhaMti // (gA. 178 pra . sA. ) mana, vacana, kAya vargaNA me Alambana se aura vIryAntarAyakarma ke kSayopazama se jo AtmA ke pradezoM meM sakampanA ( parispandana) hotA hai usako yoga kahate haiN| usa yoga ke anusAra, karma vargaNA yogya pudgala karma Asrava rUpa hokara apanI sthiti paryanta Thaharate haiM tathA apane udaya kAla ko pAkara phala dekara khira jAte haiN| tathA kevala jJAnAdi ananta catuSTaya kI pragaTatA rUpa mokSa se pratikula bandha ke kAraNa rAgAdikoM kA nimitta pAkara phira bhI dravyabandharUpa se bandha jAte haiN| isase yaha batAyA gayA hai ki, rAgAdi pariNAma hI dravya bandha kA kAraNa hai athavA isa gAthA se dUsarA artha yaha kara sakate haiM ki " savizanti" zabda se pradeza bandha 'niSThanti' se sthiti, bandha "jaMti" se phala dekara jAte huye anubhAga bandha aura " baddhyante " se prakRtibandha aise cAra prakAra bandha ko samajhanA / phAsehiM puggalANaM baMdho jIvassa rAgamAdihiM / aNNoNamavagAho puggala jIvappago bhaNido | (177) sparzoM ke sAtha pudgaloM kA baMndha, rAgAdi ke sAtha jIva kA bandha aura anyonya avagAha pudgala jIvAtmaka bandha kahA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 473

Page #489
jIva ke rAgAdi bhAvoM ke nimittya se navIna paudgalika dravya karmoM kA pUrva meM jIva ke sAtha baMdhe huye paudgalika dravya karmoM ke sAtha apane yathAyogya cikane rUkhe guNa rUpa upAdAna kAraNa se jo bandha hotA hai usako pudgala bandha kahate haiN| vItarAga parama caitanya rUpa nija Atma tattva kI bhAvanA se zUnya (rahita) jIva kA jo rAgAdi bhAvoM meM pariNamana karanA so jIva bandha hai| nirvikAra svasaMvedana jJAna rahita hone ke kAraNa snigdha-rUkSa kI jagaha rAga-dveSa meM pariNamana hote haye jIva kA bandha yogya snigdha-rUkSa pariNAmoM meM pariNamana hone vAle pudgala ke sAtha jo paraspara avagAha rUpa bandha hai vaha jIva pudgala kA paraspara bandha hai| isa taraha tIna prakAra bandha kA lakSaNa jAnane yogya haiN| ___bandha ke saMkSipta kAraNa batAte hue kundakunda svAmI puna : kahate haiM "ratto baMdhadi kammaM" arthAt rAgI jIva karma ko bAMdhatA hai| . sAmAnyata: rAga eka prakAra hote hue bhI usake aneka bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| taba dravyabandha meM bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| yathA: pariNAmAdo baMdho pariNAmo rAgadosa moha judo| asuho mohapadezo suho va asuho havadi raago||(180) pariNAma se bandha hotA hai, vaha pariNAma rAga dveSa moha yukta hai| moha aura dveSa azubha haiM rAga zubha athavA azubha hotA hai| - bandha ke bheda prkRtisthitynubhvprdeshaastdvidhyH| (3) There are 4 kinds of that bondage according to 1. prakRti Nature of karmic matter 2. sthiti Duration of the attachment of karmic matter to the soul. 3. anubhava The fruition being strong or mild also called anubhAga Anubhage. 4. pradeza The number of karma verganas or karmic molecules which attach to the soul. usake prakRti, sthiti, anubhava aura pradeza ye cAra bheda haiN| 474 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #490
sAmAnya dRSTi se yaha bandha eka hote hue bhI vizeSa dRSTi se isake aneka bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| dravyabandha, bhAvabandha ke bheda se do bheda, karmabandha, nokarma-bandha, bhAvabandha ke bheda se tIna prakAra ke haiM- (1) prakRtibaMdha (2) sthitibandha (3) anubhava (anubhAga) pradezabandha ke bheda se bandha cAra prakAra ke haiN| jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karma ke bheda se bandha ATha prakAra ke bhI haiN| 148 (eka sau ar3atAlIsa) bheda rUpa karma kI apekSA bandha 148 prakAra ke bhI haiN| parantu mukhyata: prakRti Adi 4 prakAra ke bandha bhedoM kA varNana yahA~ para kiyA haiN| 1. prakRti bandha :- prakRti aura svabhAva ye ekArthavAcI zabda haiN,| jaise-nIma kI prakRti kyA hai? nIma kA svabhAva tiktatA hai, gur3a kA svabhAva yA prakRti madhura hai| arthAt nIma kI prakRti kaDuApana hai aura gur3a kI prakRti madhuratA hai, usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNIya kI prakRti athavA svabhAva hai arthajJAna nahIM hone denA, ata: prakRti aura svabhAva ekArthavAcI haiN| isI prakAra darzanAvaraNIya kI prakRti (svabhAva) hai artha padArtha kA darzana nahIM karane denA, vedanIya kA svabhAva hai sukha duHkha kA saMvedana karAnA, darzana mohanIya kI prakRti hai tattvArtha zraddhAna nahIM hone denA, cAritra mohanIya kI prakRti hai asaMyama pariNAma, Ayu kA svabhAva bhava-dhAraNa karanA, nAmakarma kI prakRti hai nAraka, tiryaJca Adi nAma vyavahAra karanA, gotra kA svabhAva hai U~ca-nIca kA vyavahAra karanA tathA antarAya karma kA svabhAva hai dAnAdi meM vidhna krnaa| isa prakAra ke kArya jisase utpanna hote haiM, jisase kiye jAte haiM, vaha prakRti bandha haiM aura upAdAna sAdhana se niSpanna yaha prakRti zabda hai| 2. sthiti bandha - usa svabhAva se cyuta nahIM honA sthiti hai| arthAt usa svabhAva kI apracyuti sthiti kahalAtI hai| jaise-bakarI, gAya, bhaiMsAdi ke dUdha * kA mAdhurya svabhAva se cyuta nahIM honA sthiti hai| usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmaprakRti kA apane arthAnavagama (arthoM kA jJAna nahIM hone denA) vedanA Adi svabhAva se cyuta nahIM honA sthiti hai| 3. anubhAga bandha - karmoM ke rasavizeSa (phaladAna zakti-vizeSa) ko anubhAga bandha kahate haiN| jaise-bakarI, gAya aura bhaiMsa Adi ke dUdha meM tIvra-manda Adi bhAva se rasavizeSa hotA hai| arthAt dUdha sAmAnya hote hue bhI unameM snigdhatA, madhuratA Adi meM vizeSatA hotI hai, usI prakAra karmapudgaloM kI svakIya phaladAna 475 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zakti ke sAmarthya vizeSa ko anubhava/anubhAga bandha kahate haiN| 4. pradeza bandha - karmarUpa se pariNata pudgalaskandhoM ke paramANuoM kI gaNanA ko pradeza bandha kahate haiN| AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne dravyasaMgraha meM ina bandha ke hetu kA kathana kiyA hai| payaDiTThidi aNubhAgAppadesa bhedAda cadavidho bNdho| jogA payaDipadesA ThidiaNubhAgA kasAyado hoti // (33) . sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha kaSAya ke kAraNa se hotA haiM arthAt sthitibandha aura anubhAga bandha kaSAya hetuka haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| ina kaSAyoM ke tAratamya se sthiti aura anubhAga meM vicitratA AtI hai, kyoMki kAraNa ke anurUpa kI kArya hotA haiN| prakRti bandha kA varNana-prakRti ke mUla bheda Adyo jJAnadarzanAvaraNa vedniiymohniiyaayurnaamgotraantraayaaH| (4) The main divisions of the nature of karmic matter are 8: 1. jJAnAvaraNa Knowledge-obscuring. 2. darzanAvaraNa Contain-obscuring. 3. vedanIya Feeling-Karma. 4. mohanIya Deluding. 5. Ayu Age. 6. nAma Body- making. 7. gotra Family- determining. 8. antarAya Obstructive. pahalA arthAt prakRti bandha jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya rUpa haiN| (1) karmoM ke svabhAva (prakRti-bandha) jIva ke parispandana se AkarSita hokara anaMtAnaMta pudgala paramANuoM ke samUha svarUpa kArmANa vargaNAe~ Akara jIva ke Atma-pradeza meM praveza karatI haiM isako jaina dArzanika zabdAvalI meM Amrava kahate haiN| jIva ke upayoga (rAgadveSa, 476 For Personal & Private Use Only

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moha, adhyavasAya) ko nimitta prApta karake karma vargaNAe~ jIva ke pradezoM meM saMkleza rUpa se ba~dha jAtI haiN| isako jaina darzana meM karma bandha kahate haiN| sAmAnya apekSA se karma vargaNAe~ eka hote hae bhI jIva ke vibhinna prakAra ke yoga-upayoga ko prApta karake vibhinna karma rUpa meM pariNamana kara letI hai| jaise- manuSya ke dvArA bhukta bhojana manuSya kI vibhinna pAcana kriyAoM ko prApta karake rasa, rudhira, mAMsa, meda, asthi, majjA, vIrya, oja, rUpa pariNamana kara letA hai, usI prakAra karma vargaNAe~ bhI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAmakarma, gotra, antarAya Adi rUpa meM pariNita ho jAtI hai| jaise eka prakAra kI bhUmi meM aMkurita vibhinna vRkSa eka hI prakAra ke jala, vAyu, sUrya kiraNoM ko prApta karane para bhI vibhinna vRkSa meM rasAdi kA pariNamana vibhinna prakAra hotA hai| nIma ke vRkSa ko nimitta pAkara kar3avA, ganne ko prApta hone para mIThA, imalI meM khaTTA, miracI meM caraparA, Adi vibhinna rasa rUpa pariNamana kara lete haiN| 1. jJAnAvaraNI vatthassa sedabhAvo jaha NAsedi mala vimelnnaacchnnnno| aNNANaM malocchaNNaM taha NANaM hodiNAdavvaM // (65) __(samayasAra) As the whiteness of cloth is destroyed by its being covered with, diret, so let it be know that right knowledge is destroyed, when clouded by nescience. maila ke vizeSa sambandha se dabakara vastra kA zvetapanA naSTa ho jAtA hai vaise hI jIva kA mokSa kA hetubhUta jJAna guNa bhI ajJAnarUpI mala se (jJAnAvaraNa karma se) dabakara naSTa ho jAtA hai| . jaise-darpaNa ke Upara dhUlI lagane se darpaNa kI svacchatA chipa jAtI hai yA sUrya ke sanmukha bAdala Ane para sUrya kI razmi chipa jAtI hai| bhagavAna ke sAmane vastra rahane para bhagavAna kA rUpa Dhaka jAtA hai usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNa karma jIva ke jJAna guNa ko Dhaka detA hai| 477 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #493
2. darzanAvaraNIya sAmAnya sattA avalokana anta: cetanA rUpI prakAza ko AvaraNa karane vAlA darzanAvaraNIya karma hai| jaise- dvArapAla, rAjA, mantrI Adi mAlika ko dekhane nahIM detA hai arthAt dekhane ke lie roka detA hai| usI prakAra yaha karma vastu kA sAmAnya avalokana rUpa darzana nahIM hone detA hai| 3. vedanIya akkhANaM aNubhavaNaM veyANiyaM suhasarUvayaM saadN| dukkhasarUvamasAdaM taM vedayadIdi vedaNiyaM / / (14) (go. karmakANDa) indriyoM kA apane- apane rUpAdi viSaya kA anubhava karanA vedanIya hai| usameM duHkha rUpa anubhava karanA sAtA vedanIya hai| usa sukha-dukha kA anubhava jo karAve vaha vedanIya karma hai| jo karma vedana kiyA jAtA hai use vedanIya karma kahate haiN| isa apekSA sabhI karma vedana kie jAte hai isIlie sabhI karma vedanIya hone para bhI vizeSa rUpa se saMsArI jIva sukha-duHkha kA adhika rUpa se vedana karatA hai isalie sukha-duHkha ko dene vAle karma ko 'vedanIya karma' kahate haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki, vedanIya karma, mohanIya karma ke bheda jo rAgadveSa haiM unake udaya ke bala se hI ghAtiyA~ karmoM kI taraha jIvoM kA ghAta karatA hai| arthAt indriyoM ke rUpAdi viSayoM meM se kisI meM rati (prIti) aura kisI meM arati (dveSa) kA nimitta pAkara sukha tathA duHkha svarUpa sAtA aura asAtA kA anubhava karake jIva ko apane jJAnAdi guNoM meM upayoga nahIM karane detA, parasvarUpa meM lIna karatA hai| 4. mohanIya karma jo jIva ko mohita kare vaha 'mohanIya karma' hai| isa dRSTi se mohanIya karma sAmAnya se eka hote hue bhI vizeSa avasthA meM isake do bheda haiN| jo darzana guNa ko mohita karake viparIta kare vaha darzana mohanIya hai| jo cAritra 478 For Personal & Private Use Only

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guNa ko mohita karake viparIta kare vaha cAritra mohanIya hai| (A) darzana mohanIya sammatta paDiNibaddhaM micchataM jiNavarehiM prikhidN| tassodayeNa jIvo micchaaditttthittinnaadvvo||(68) (samaya sAra) It is declared by jina that mityatya karma is adverse to right belief; when that begins to operate the self becomes a wrong believer, so let it be known. AtmA ke samyaktva guNa ko rokane vAlA mithyAtva karma hai jisake udaya se yaha jIva mithyAdRSTi ho rahA hai| micchataM vedaMto, jIvo vivarIyadaMsaNo hodi| Na ya dhammaM rocedi hu, mahuraM khu rasaM jahA jarido // (17) (go. jIva.) udaya meM Aye mithyAtva kA vedana arthAt anubhava karane vAlA jIva viparIta darzana arthAt ataeva zraddhA se yukta hotA hai| vaha na kevala atatva kI hI zraddhA karatA hai, apitu anekAntAtmaka dharma arthAt vastu svabhAva ko athavA mokSa ke kAraNabhUta ratnatrayAtmaka dharma ko bhI pasanda nahIM karatA isameM dRSTAnta dete haiM jaise- pitta jvara se grasta vyakti mIThe dUdha Adi rasa ko pasanda nahIM krtaa| usI taraha mithyA dRSTi ko dharma nahIM ruuctaa| micchAiTThI jIvo, uvaiTeM pavayaNaM Na sddhdi| saddahadi asabbhAvaM uvaiTuM vA annuvilaiN||(18) _ (go. jIva) . mithyAdRSTi jIva upadiSTa' arthAt ahinta Adi ke dvArA kahe gaye pravacana' arthAt Apta Agama aura padArtha ye tIna, inakA zraddhAna nahIM karatA hai| pravacana arthAt jisakA vacana prakRSTa hai aisA Apta, prakRSTa kA vacana pravacana arthAt paramAgama, prakRSTa rUpa se jo kahA jAtA hai arthAt pramANa ke dvArA kahA jAtA - sadA 479 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #495
hai, vaha pravacana arthAt pdaarth| ina nirUktiyoM se "pravacana" zabda se Apta, Agama aura padArtha tInoM kahe jAte haiM tathA vaha mithyAdRSTi asadbhAva arthAta mithyArUpa pravacana yAnI Apta, Agama padArtha kA 'upadiSTa' arthAt AptAbhAsoM ke dvArA kathita athavA akathita kA bhI zraddhAna karatA hai| (B) cAritra mohanIya cAritra paDiNibaddha kasAyaM jiNavarehiM prikhidN| tassodayeNa jIvo acaritto hodi nnaadvyo|(170) .. (samayasAra) It is declared by Jina that Kashaya (Soul-Soiling gross .' emotions) is adverse to right conduct; when this begins to operate, the self becomes acharitra (devoid of right conduct); so let it be known. cAritra guNa ko rokane vAlA kaSAya bhAva jisake udaya se yaha jIva cAritra rahita arthAt acAritrI ho rahA hai aisA jinendra bhagavAna ne batalAyA hai| 5. Ayu karma etyanena gacchati nArakAdi bhvmityaayuH| (rAja., 8, a.pR. 456) ____ jisa karma ke udaya se jIva nArakAdi paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai, narakAdi bhavoM meM vAsa karatA hai, use Ayu karma kahate haiN| isakA svabhAva lohe kI sAMkala vA kATha ke yantra ke samAna hai| jaise- sAMkala athavA kATha kA yantra puruSa ko apane sthAna meM hI sthita rakhatA hai| dUsarI jagaha nahIM jAne detA, ThIka usI prakAra Ayu karma jIva ko manuSyAdi paryAya meM sthita (maujUda) rakhatA hai, dUsarI jagaha nahIM jAne detaa| 6. nAma karma gadiAdi jIva bhedaM poggalANa bhedaM c| gadiyaMtarapariNamanaM karedi NAmaM anneyvihN||(12) (go. karma.) nAma karma gati Adi aneka taraha kA hai| vaha nArakI vagairaha jIva kI 480 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #496
payAryoM ke bhedoM ko aura audArika zarIra Adi pudgala bhedoM ko tathA jIva ke eka gati se dUsarI gatirUpa pariNamana ko karatA hai| arthAt citrakAra kI taraha vaha aneka kAryoM ko kiyA karatA hai| nAma karma ke kAraNa hI vibhinna prakAra vaicitrya pUrNa zarIra ke avayava, indriyoM, zarIra ke AkAra-prakAra AdiyoM kA nirmANa hotA hai, zubha nAma karma ke sundara prazasta zarIra Adi kI upalabdhi hotI hai tathA azubha nAma karma ke udaya se asundara hInAGga-adhikAga ki vikalAGga sahita zarIra kI prApti hotI hai| 7. gotra karma saMtANakameNAgayajIvAyaraNassa godmidisnnnnaa| uccaM NIcaM caraNaM uccaM NIcaM have godN||(13) kula kI paripATI ke krama se calA AyA jo jIva kA AcaraNa usakI gotra saMjJA haiM, arthAt use gotra kahate hai| usa kula paramparA meM U~cA (uttama) AcaraNa ho to use ucca gotra kahate haiM, yadi niMdya AcaraNa ho to vaha nIca gotra kahA jAtA hai| jaise- eka kahAvata hai ki-ziyAla kA eka baccA bacapana se siMhanI ne paalaa| vaha siMha ke baccoM ke sAtha hI khelA karatA thaa| eka dina khelate hue ve saba bacce kisI jagaha meM gye| vahA~ unhoMne hAthiyoM kA samUha dekhaa| dekhakara jo siMhanI ke bacce the ve to hAthI ke sAmane hue lekina vaha siyAla jisameM ki apane kula kA Darapokapane kA saMskAra thA hAthI ko dekhakara bhAgane lgaa| taba ve sihaM ke bacce bhI apanA bar3A bhAI samajha usake sAtha pIche lauTakara mAtA ke pAsa Aye, aura usa siyAla kI zikAyata kI ki, isane hameM zikAra se rokaa| taba siMhanI ne usa siyAla ke bacce se eka zloka kahA-jisakA matalaba yaha hai ki aba he bettaa| tU yahA~ se bhAga jA, nahIM to terI jAna nahIM bcegii| "zUrosi kRtavidhosI dazanIyosi putraka yasmin kule tvamutpanno gajastatra na hnyte| arthAt he putra ! tU zUra-vIra hai, vidyAvAna hai, dekhane yogya (rUpavAna) hai, parantu jisa kula meM tU paidA huA hai usa kula meM hAthI nahIM mAre jaate| 481 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #497
( 8 ) antarAya bahayogo vA, yasmin madhye'vAsthite dAtrAdInAM - dAnAdikriyA'bhAvaH dAnAdIcchAyA bahirbhAvo vA so'ntarAyaH / dAtA aura pAtra Adi ke bIca meM vighna karAve vA jisa karma ke udaya se dAtA aura pAtra ke madhya meM antara DAle use antarAya kahate haiM athavA, jisake rahane para dAtA Adi dAnAdi kriyAe~ nahIM kara sake, dAnAdi kI icchA se parAGmukha ho jAveM, vaha antarAya karma hai| prakRti bandha ke uttara bheda paJcanavadvayaSTAviMzati caturdvicatvAriMzadvipaMcabhedA yathAkramam (5) - There are of 5,9,2,28,4,42,2,5 classes respectively. ATha mUla prakRttiyoM ke anukrama se pA~ca, nau, do, aThAIsa, cAra, bayAlIsa, do aura pAMca bheda haiN| gommaTTasAra meM kahA gayA hai 482 kammattaNeNa ekkaM davvaM bhAvetti hodi, duvihaM tu / poggalapiMDo davvaM tassattI tu // bhAvakammaM pR.5) sAmAnya se karma eka prakAra kA hai, dravya, bhAva kI apekSA se do prakAra hai| pudgalapiMDa ko dravyakarma kahate haiM tathA usameM jo phala dene kI zakti hai use bhAvakarma kahate haiN| ( go . ka.kA., sAmAnya se karma ATha prakAra bhI hai athavA eka sau ar3atAlIsa yA asaMkhyAta loka pramANa bhI usake bheda haiN| tathA una ATha karmoM meM ghAtiyA~ aura aghAtiyAM rUpa do bheda haiN| taM puNa aTThavihaM vA aDadAlasayaM asaMkhalogaM vA / tANaM puNa ghAditti aghAditti ya hotiM saNNAo // (7) NANassa daMsaNassa ya AvaraNaM veyaNIyamohaNiyaM / AugaNAmaM godaMtarAyamidi aTTha payaDIo // ( 8 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #498
jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura aMtarAya se karma kI ATha mUla prakRtiyAM (svabhAva / paMca Nava doNNi aTTAvIMsa cauro kameNa tennudii| teuttaraM sayaM vA dugapaNagaM uttarA hoMti // (22) jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoM ke krama se pAMca, nau, do, aTTAIsa, cAra, tirAnavai athavA eka sau tIna, do aura pAMca uttarabheda hote haiN| jJanAvaraNa ke pA~ca bheda matizrutAvadhimanaH pryykevlaanaam| (6) FIATCRUT Knowledge-obscuring is of kinds, according as it is: 1. mati Sensitive knowledge-obscuring. 2. zruta Scriptural knowledge-obscuring. 3. avadhi Visual knowledge-obscuring. 4. manaH paryaya. mental knowledge-obscuring. 5. kevala jJAna Perfect knowledge-obscuring. matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaH paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna inake AvaraNa karane vAle karma pA~ca jJAnavaraNa haiN| pratyeka jIva svabhAvarUpa se anaMtajJAnI hote hue bhI jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kAraNa alpajJa ho rahA hai| guNadRSTi se jJAnaguNa eka hote hue bhI paryAya dRSTi se usake aneka bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| mukhya 5 bheda haiM(1) matijJAna (2) zrutajJAna (3) avadhijJAna (4) manaH paryayajJAna (5) kevljnyaan| ina uttarabhedoM ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma 5 rUpa meM pariNamana kara letA hai(1) matijJAnAvaraNIya (2) zrutajJAnAvaraNIya (3) avadhijJAnAvaraNIya (4) manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNIya (5) kevljnyaanaavrnniiy| (1) matijJAnAvaraNIya - matijJAna ko Dhakane vAle ko matijJAnAvaraNIya karma kahate haiM isa karma ke udaya se mati jJAna prakaTa nahIM hotA hai| isa karma ke kSayopazama se matijJAna pragaTa hotA hai| 483 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(2) zrutajJAnAvaraNIya - zrutajJAna ko Dhakane vAle karma ko zrutajJAnAvaraNIya kahate haiN| isa karma ke udaya se zrutajJAna pragaTa nahIM hotA hai| isa karma ke kSayopazama se zrutajJAna pragaTa hotA hai| (3) avadhijJAnAvaraNIya - avadhijJAna ko Dhakane vAle karma ko avadhijJAnAvaraNIya kahate haiN| isa karma ke udaya se avadhijJAna pragaTa nahIM hotA hai| isa karma ke kSayopazama se avadhijJAna pragaTa hotA haiN| (4) manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNIya - manaHparyaya jJAna ko Dhakane vAle karma ko manaH paryaya jJAnAvaraNIya kahate haiN| isa karma ke udaya se mana: paryayajJAna pragaTa nahIM hotA hai| isa karma ke kSayopazama se manaH paryaya jJAna pragaTa hotA hai| (5) kevalajJAnAvaraNIya-kevalajJAna ko Dhakane vAle karma ko kevalajJAnAvaraNIya kahate haiN| isa karma ke udaya se kevala jJAna pragaTa nahIM hotA hai| isa karma ke kSaya se kevalajJAna pragaTa hotA hai| jJAna ko Dhakane vAlA (AvRtta karane vAlA) jJAnAvaraNIya hai aura darzana ko Avata karane vAlA darzanAvaraNIya hai| ye donoM yathAkrama jJAna-darzana ko pragaTa hone nahIM dete haiN| parantu ye jJAna evaM darzana ko viparIta nahIM karatA hai isalie ina donoM ko AvaraNa kahA hai| jaise- sUrya ke Age ghanebAdala rahane se sUrya chipa jAtA hai parantu na sUrya naSTa hotA hai aura na hI kiraNe viparIta hotI haiN| jaba taka jJAna jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai parantu samyagdRSTi kA alpajJAna bhI samyagjJAna hotA hai parantu mohanIya (mithyAtva) karma ke udaya se vipula jJAna bhI samyagjJAna nahIM hotA haiM balki viparIta jJAna hotA hai| darzanAvaraNa karma ke 9 bheda cakSuracakSuravadhikevalAnAM nidrAnidrAnidrApracalApracalApracalAstyAnagR ddhayazca / (7) darzanAvaraNa Conation-obscuring is of 9 kinds according as it obscures Ocular obscuring 2. acakSu darzanAvaraNa Non - occular obscuring 484 For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. avadhi darzanAvaraNa Visual-obscuring 4. kevala darzanAvaraNa. Perfect-conation obscuring 5. Sleep (6) Dee sleep (7) Drowsiness (8) Heavy-drowsiness and (9) Somnambu lism. cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana ina cAroM ke cAra AvaraNa tathA nidrA, nidrAnidrA, pracalA, pracalA-pracalA aura styAnagRddhi ye pA~ca nidrAdika aise nau darzanAvaraNa haiN| (1) cakSudarzanAvaraNa - jisa karma ke udaya se jIva cakSu (AMkha) se avalokana nahIM kara pAtA hai use cakSudarzana kahate haiN| ekendriya se lekara triindriya taka ke jIva ke cakSudarzanAvaraNa karma ke udaya hone ke kAraNa inakI cakSu indriya nahIM hotI hai| (2) acakSudarzanAvaraNa - jisa karma ke udaya se cakSu ko chor3akara anya indriyoM se avalokana nahIM hotA hai use acakSudarzanAvaraNa karma kahate haiN| (3) avadhidarzanAvaraNa - avadhi darzanAvaraNa ke udaya se AtmA avadhidarzana se rahita ho jAtA hai| (4) kevaladarzanAvaraNa - kevaladarzanAvaraNa karma ke udaya se kevaladarzana kA AvirbhAva (utpanna) nahIM hotaa| vaha jIva bahuta kAla taka saMsAra meM rahatA (5) nidrA- mada, kheda aura klama (thakAvaTa) ko dUra karane ke lie sonA nidrA hai| jisake sannidhAna se AtmA nidrA letA hai, kutsita kArya karatA hai, vA svapna meM kriyA ko karatA hai vaha nidrA hai| nidrA karma aura sAtA vedanIya karma ke udaya se nidrA pariNAma kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt nidrA darzanAvaraNa aura sAtA vedanIya ina donoM karmoM ke udaya se nidrA AtI hai| nidrA ke samaya zoka, klama, zrama Adi kA vigama (nAza) . dekhA jAtA hai ataH sAtA karma kA udaya to spaSTa hI hai aura asAtA vedanIya kA bhI usa samaya manda udaya rahatA hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| 485 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nidrA darzanAvaraNa karma ke udaya se tama avasthA aura nidrA nidrA darzanAvaraNa karma ke udaya se mahAtama avasthA hotI hai| ( 6 ) nidrA - nidrA - upari- upari nidrA nidrAnidrA hai| usa nidrA ke Upara punaH punaH nidrA AnA arthAt nIMda ke Upara nIMda AnA nidrAnidrA kahalAtI hai / (7) pracalA jo AtmA ko pracalita karatI hai vaha pracalA hai| jisa nIMda se AtmA meM vizeSa pracalana utpanna hotA hai vo jo kriyA AtmA ko pracAlita karatI hai vaha pracalA nidrA hai| vaha punaH zoka, mada Adi ke kAraNa se utpanna hotI hai| yaha indriya vyApAra se uparata - nivRtta hokara baiThe hI baiThe ke zarIra, netra Adi meM vikAra kriyA kI sUcaka hai, antaH prIti kA lavamAtra hetu hai| arthAt zoka, zrama, mada Adi ke kAraNa indriya vyApAra se uparata hokara baiThe-baiThe zarIra aura netra Adi meM vikAra utpanna karane vAlI pracalA hotI haiN| ( 8 ) pracalA - pracalA punaH punaH usakI Ahita vRtti pracalApracalA hai| usa pracalA ke Upara punaH punaH pracalA AnA pracalApracala, kahI jAtI haiN| - (9) styAnagRddhi - jisake udaya se svapna meM vIrya (zakti) vizeSa kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, styAnagRddhi hai / vA jisake sAnidhya se mAnava aneka raudra karma karatA hai, asambhava kArya bhI kara DAlatA hai, vaha styAnagRddhi hai| jisake udaya se styAna (svapna) meM dIpti ho, bahuta se raudra, krUra, asaMbhava kArya karatA ho, styAnagRddhi nidrA hai| vedanIya Feeling is of 2 kinds 1. sAtA vedanIya Pleasure-bearing 2. asAtA vedanIya Pain-bearing 486 sadya aura asadve ye do vedanIya hai / sAtAvedanIya jisake udaya se devAdi gatiyoM meM zArIrika, mAnasika sukha kI prApti hotI hai, vaha sAtA vedanIya karma hai| jisa karma ke udaya se aneka prakAra kI jAtiyoM se viziSTa devAdigatiyoM meM anugRhIta (iSTa) sAmagrI ke sannidhAna vedanIya ke do bheda sadasadye / (8) - For Personal & Private Use Only

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kI apekSA prANiyoM ko zArIrika mAnasika Adi aneka prakAra ke sukhoM kA anubhava ho vA prazasta rUpa sAmagrI kI prApti hotI hai, vaha sAtA vedanIya hai| asAtA vedanIya- jisakA phala aneka prakAra kA duHkha rUpa hai, usako asAtA vedanIya kahate haiN| jisa karma kA phala prANiyoM ko nAnA prakAra kI jAti vizeSa se vyApta naraka, tiryaJca Adi gatiyoM meM aneka prakAra ke kAyika, mAnasika aura ati duHsaha janma-jarA-maraNa, priyaviyoga, apriyasaMyoga, vyAdhi, badha aura bandha Adi se janya duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai vA aneka prakAra ke duHkhoM kI prApti jisa karma ke udaya se hotI hai| vaha asAtA vedanIya hai, aprazasta vedanIya, asaveMdanIya hai mohanIya ke 28 bheda darzanacAritramohanIyAkaSAyakaSAyavedanIyAkhyAstridvinavaSoDazabhedA: samyaktvamithyAtvatadubhayAnyakaSAyakaSAyau hAsyaratyaratizokabhayajugupsA strIpunapuMsaka vedA anantAnubandhyapratyAkhyAna pratyakhyAna saMjvalana viklpaashcaiksh:krodhmaanmaayaalobhaaH| (9) mohanIya Deluding is of 28 kinds the primary divisions are two: . Right-belief-deluding 2. cAritra mohanIya Right-delief-deluding Right conduct. deluding 2 kinds: 1. akaSAya vedanIya With slight passions 2. kaSAya vedanIya : With passions . Right belief deluding is of 3 kinds: 1. mithyAtva Wrong-belief. 2. samyak mithyAtva Mixed wrong and right belief. 3. samyak prakRti Right belief with slight pefect, Akasaya ve daniya is of 9 kinds: 1. hAsya Risible laughter producing. 2.rati . Indulegence. 487 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Dis-satisfaction, langour . 3. arati 4. zoka Sorrow. 5.bhaya Fear. 6. jugupsA Disgust. 7. strI veda Faminine inclinations. 8. puMveda Masculine inclinations. 9. napuMsaka veda Common inclinations. kaSAya vedanIya Kayayavedaniya is of 16 kinds: 4. passions - Anger, pride, Deceit, Greed, each of these is of 4 kinds: 1. anantAnubandhI Error-feeding or wrong belifassisting. 2. apratyAkhyAna Partial-vow-preventing 3.pratyAkhyAna Total-vow-preventing 4. sa~jvalana Perfact - Right conduct preventing it is very mild. Thus we get 16 i.e: 4 x 4 kinds: darzana mohanIya, cAritramohanIya, akaSAyavedanIya aura kaSAyavedanIya inake krama se tIna, do, nau aura solaha bheda haiN| samyaktva mithyAtva aura tadubhaya ye tIna darzanamohanIya haiM. akaSAyavedanIya aura kaSAya vedanIya' ye 2 cAritra mohanIya hai. hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, puMveda aura napuMsakaveda ye nau akaSAya vedanIya haiM, tathA anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAna, pratyAkhyAna aura saMjvalana ye pratyeka ke krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke bheda se solaha kaSAya vedanIya haiN| samyaktva, mithyAtva, samyaktva mithyAtva ke bheda se darzana mohanIya tIna prakAra kA hai| kaSAya aura akaSAya ke bheda se cAritra mohanIya ke do bheda hai| hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, purUSaveda, napuMsakaveda ke bheda se akaSAya vedanIya nava prakAra kI hai| anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha; apratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, pratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ye kaSAya vedanIya ke 16 bheda haiN| darzana mohanIya ke tIna bheda haiM - samyaktva, mithyAtva aura samyaktva mithyaatv| 488 For Personal & Private Use Only

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yaha darzana mohanIya bandha kI apekSA eka hokara bhI sattA karma ke apekSA tIna bheda ko prApta. hotI hai| arthAt bandha to kevala mithyAtva kA hI hotA hai, parantu samyagyadarzana rUpa ghana kI coTa lagane se usa mithyAtva ke tIna TukaDe ho jAte haiN| ataH sattA kI apekSA tIna aura baMdha kI apekSA eka bheda hone vAlI darzana mohanIya hai| jisa karma ke udaya se prANI sarvajJapraNIta mArga se parAGmukha, tattvArtha zraddhAna se nirUtsuka, hitAhita kA vibhAga karane meM asamartha aura mithyAdRSTi hotA hai, vaha mithyAtva hai| zubha pariNAmoM se jaba usakA anubhAga roka diyA jAtA hai aura jo udAsIna rUpa se sthita rahakara Atma-zraddhAna ko nahIM rokatA hai, vaha samyaktva kahalAtA hai| usa samyaktva kA vedana karane vAlA jIva samyak-dRSTi kahalAtA hai| vahI mithyAtva jaba prakSAlanavizeSa se kSINAkSINa madazakti vAle kodoM ke samAna AdhA zuddha aura AdhA azuddha rasa vAlA hotA hai taba vaha mizra ubhaya yA samyaktva mithyAtva kahalAtA hai| jisake udaya se AtmA ke, Adhe zuddha kodoM se jisa prakAra kA mada hotA hai, usI taraha ke mizra bhAva hote haiN| cAritra mohanIya ke do bheda - kaSAya aura akaSAya ke bheda se cAritra mohanIya do prakAra kI hai| akaSAya kA artha kaSAya kA niSedha nahIM hai arthAt isameM 'a' kA niSedha artha meM nahIM hai, parantu 'ISad' artha meM 'na' samAsa hai| akaSAyavedanIya ke nau bheda - hAsyAdi ke bheda se akaSAyavedanIya nau prakAra kI haiN| (1) hAsya karma - jisake udaya se hAsya kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai vA ha~sI AtI hai, hAsya karma hai| (2) ratinAmakarma - jisake udaya se dezAdi (dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvAdi) meM utsukatA hotI hai, unake prati anurAga hotA hai vaha rati nAma karma hai| (3) arati kaSAya - jisake udaya se dezAdi meM anutsukatA hotI hai, unameM prIti nahIM hotI hai vaha arati kaSAya hai| (4) zoka- jisake udaya se zocana hotA hai, vaha zoka hai| (5) bhaya - jisake udaya se udvega hotA hai, vA sAta prakAra kA bhaya hotA hai, vaha bhaya nokaSAya hai| (6) jugupsA - kutsA, glAni ko jugupsA kahate haiN| yadyapi jugupsA kutsA 489 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA hI eka prakAra hai phira bhI kucha arthavizeSa kI utpatti hone se inameM antara hai| apane doSoM ko DhakanA jugupsA hai| (7) strIveda - jisa no kaSAya ke udaya se komalatA, asphuTatA, klIvatA, kAmAveza, netravibhrama, AsphAlana, purUSa kI icchA Adi strI bhAvoM ko AtmA prApta hotI hai vaha strIveda hai| jaba strIveda kA udaya hotA hai taba itara purUSa aura napuMsakaveda karma kI sattA gauNa rUpa se avasthita rahatI hai| prazna - loka meM yoni, mRdu stanAdi cinha se strIveda kI pratIti hotI hai| uttara - zarIra meM jo stana, yoni Adi cinha haiM ve nAmakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa hote haiN| ata: dravya se puruSaveda kA udaya hone para bhI bhAva se strIvedakA vA napuMsakaveda kA udaya ho sakatA hai| dravya strIveda ke udaya meM bhAva purUSa yA napuMsaka kA tathA dravya se napuMsakaveda kA udaya hone para bhI Abhyantara vizeSa bhAva kI apekSA purUSa aura strIveda kA udaya ho sakatA hai| zarIra AkAra to nAmakarma kI racanA hai aura bhAvaveda mohanIya karma ke udaya se hotA hai, isa prakAra ina donoM kA varNana hai| (8) purUSaveda - jisa karma ke udaya se AtmA purUSa bhAva ko prApta hotA hai, vaha purUSaveda hai| (9) napuMsakaveda - jisa karma ke udaya se napuMsaka bhAvoM ko prApta hotA hai, yaha napuMsaka veda hai| kaSAyavedanIya solaha prakAra kI hai - krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke bheda se kaSAya cAra prakAra kI hai| krodha - apane aura para ke upaghAta anupakAra Adi se Ahita (prApta) krUra pariNAma yA amarSa bhAva krodha hai| vaha krodha parvata rekhA, pRthvI rekhA, dhUli rekhA aura jalarekhA ke samAna cAra prakAra kA hai| mAna - jAti, jJAna, kula, zarIra, tapa, pUjA, aizvarya Adi ke mada ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke prati namane kI vRtti nahIM honA mAna kaSAya hai| yaha mAna zaila stambha, asthi stambha, dArU (lakar3I) stambha aura latA samAna bheda se cAra prakAra kA hai| 3. mAyA - dUsaroM ko Thagane ke liye jo chala-kapaTa aura kuTila bhAva hote haiM vaha mAyA hai| yaha mAyA, bA~sa vRkSa kI ga~ThIlI jar3a, meSa (mer3he) kI sIMga, 490 For Personal & Private Use Only

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gAya ke mUtra rekhA aura avalekhanI khurapA Adi ke sadRza cAra prakAra kI hai| 4. lobha - jIva ke anugrAhaka-upakAraka dhana Adi kI vizeSa AkAMkSA lobha hai| kRmirAga, kajjala, kardama (kIcar3a) aura haridrA (haldI) ke rAga sadRza bheda se lobha, cAra prakAra kA hai| ina krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI cAra-cAra avasthAe~ haiN| anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha; apratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha; pratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobh| I anantAnubandhI- ananta saMsAra kA kAraNa hone se mithyAdarzana ko anaMta kahate haiN| usa ananta (mithyAtva) ko bA~dhane vAlI (vA usakA anusaraNa karane vAlI) kaSAya anantAnubaMdhI kahalAtI hai arthAt mithyAdarzana ko bA~dhane vAle krodha, mAna, mAyA, aura lobha anaMtAnubaMdhI hai| II apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa - jisake udaya se yaha prANI ISat (alpa) bhI dezavirata saMyamAsaMyama nAmaka vrata ko svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA, svalpa mAtra bhI vrata prApta nahIM kara sakatA vaha dezavirata pratyAkhyAna kA AvaraNa karane vAlI apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAya hai| III pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa-jisake udaya se sakala virati aura sakala saMyama ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA, vaha samasta pratyAkhyAna- sarva tyAga ko rokane vAlI kaSAya pratyAkhyAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha hai| IV saMjvalana - jo 'sama' arthAt ekIbhAva se saMyama ke sAtha sahAvasthAna hone se ekIbhUta hokara jalatI rahe, athavA jisake rahane para bhI saMyama ho sakatA hai, vaha saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAya hai| isa prakAra inakA samudAya karane para 16 kaSAya hotI haiN| Ayukarma ke bheda naarktairygyonmaanussdaivaani| (10) Ayu Age karma bondage is of 4 kinds according as it determines: 1. naraka Hellish. 2. tiryak Sub-human.. 3. manuSya Human - 491 For Personal & Private Use Only

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4. deva Celestial. narakAyu, tiryaMcAyu, manuSyAyu, aura devAyu ye cAra Ayu haiN| narakAdi bhavoM (paryAyoM) ke sambandha se Ayu bhI nAraka yona kahalAtI hai| jaisa - nAraka bhava ke sambandha se Ayu meM naraka vyapadeza hotA hai aura naraka meM hone vAlI Ayu naraka kahalAtI hai| isI prakAra tiryaJca yoni meM hone vAlI tairyagyona, manuSya meM hone vAlI mAnuSa aura devoM meM hone vAlI deva Ayu kahalAtI hai| jisake sadbhAva meM jIvana aura abhAva meM maraNa ho, vaha Ayu hai| jisake hone para AtmA kA jIvana aura jisake abhAva meM AtmA kA maraNa kahalAtA hai vaha bhava-dhAraNa meM kAraNa Ayu hai arthAt jo narakAdi bhavoM meM rokakara rakhe, use Ayu kahate haiN| (1) naraka Ayu - jisake nimitta se tIvra zIta - USNa - vedanAkAraka narakoM meM bhI dIrgha kAlataka prANI jIvita rahatA hai, vaha naraka Ayu hai| (2) tairyagyonI - jisakA udaya hone para kSudhA, pipAsA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, Adi aneka duHkhoM ke sthAnabhUta tiryaMca paryAya meM vaha prANI jIvita rahatA haiM, vA duHkhakAraka tiryaJca paryAya ko dhAraNa karatA hai, use tairyagyona kI Ayu jAnanA cAhiye / (3) manuSyAyu - jisake udaya se zArIrika, mAnasika atyadhika sukha-duHkha se samAkula mAnuSa paryAya meM janma hotA hai, vA jisake udaya se prANI mAnuSa bhava dhAraNa karatA hai vaha manuSyAyu kahalAtI hai / (4) devAyu - zArIrika, mAnasika sukhasvarUpa devaparyAyoM meM janma jisake udaya se hotA hai vaha devAyu hai| jisa Ayu karma ke udaya se prAyaH kara zArIrika, mAnasika sukhoM se yukta devaparyAya meM janma hotA hai, use deva Ayu jAnanA caahiye| kabhI-kabhI devoM meM priya devAMganA Adi ke viyoga se, dUsare maharddhika devoM kI mahAvibhUti ke dekhane se, devaparyAya kI samApti ke sUcaka AjJAhAni, mAlA ke murajhAne aura AbhUSaNa evaM zarIra kI kAnti Adi kI hInatA dekhane se mAnasika duHkha utpanna hotA hai ataH usa mAnasika duHkha kA jJApana karAne ke lie prAyaH zabda grahaNa kiyA hai| 492 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nAma karma ke bheda gatijAtizarIrAGgopAGganirmANabandhanasaMghAtasaMsthAnasaMhananasparzarasagandhava rNAnupUrvyAgurUlaghUpaghAtaparaghAtAtapodyotocchvAsavihAyogatayaHpratyeka zarIratrasasubhagasusvarazubhasUkSmaparyAptisthirAdeyayazaHkIrtisetarANi tIrthakaratvaM c| (11) The name (physique-making) karmas comprise the state of existence, the class, the body, the chief and secondary parts, formation, binding (union), molecular interfusion, structure, joint, touch, taste, odour, colour, movement after death, neither heavy nor light, self annihilation, annihilation by others, emitting worm splendour, emitting cool luster, respiration, gait individual body, mobile being, amiability, a melodious voice, beauty of form, minute body, complete development of the orgun firmness, lustrous body, glory and renown and the opposites of these commencing from individual body and Tirtha Karatva. gati, jAti, zarIra, aMgopAMga, nirmANa, bandhana, saMghAta, saMsthAna, saMhanana, sparza, rasa, gandha varNa, AnupUrvya, agurUlaghu, upaghAta, paraghAta, AtApa, udyota, ucchvAsa aura vihAyogati tathA pratipakSabhUta prakRttiyoM ke sAtha arthAt sAdhAraNa zarIra aura pratyeka zarIra, sthAvara aura trasa, durbhaga aura subhaga, du:svara aura susvara, azubha aura zubha, bAdara aura sUkSma, aparyApta aura paryApta, asthira aura sthira, anAdeya aura Adeya, ayaza: kIrti aura yaza: kIrti evaM tIrthaMkaratva ye bayAlIsa nAmakarma ke bheda hai| (1) gatiH- jisa karma ke udaya ke kAraNa AtmA bhavAntara (paryAyAntara) ko grahaNa karane ke liye gamana karatA haiM use gati kahate haiN| "gamyate iti gati: jisase gamana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha gati haiN| vaha gati cAra prakAra kI hai- narakagati, tiryaggati, manuSyagati, aura devgti| jisake nimitta se AtmA ke nAraka bhAva hote haiM vaha narakagati haiN| isI prakAra jisa karma ke udaya se tiryaJca Adi ke bhAva ko AtmA prApta hotA hai, vaha tiryaJca Adi gati hai, aisA jAnanA caahiye| (2) jAti:- una narakAdi gatiyoM meM avyabhicArI (avirodhI) sAdRzya se 493 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ekIkRta svarUpa jAti haiN| arthAt narakagati, devagati aura manuSyagati meM paMcendriya jAti avyabhicArI hai aura zeSa vyabhicArI hai| isa prakAra cAroM gatiyoM meM avirodhI sAdRzya bhAva jAti isa nAma ko prApta hote haiN| jAti-vyavahAra meM nimitta jAtinAma karma haiN| vaha jAti pA~ca prakAra kI haiN| ekendriya jAti-nAma karma, dvIndriya jAti nAma karma, trIndriya jAti nAma karma, caturindriya jAti nAma karma aura paMcendriya jAti nAma krm| jisa karma ke udaya se AtmA ekendriya kahalAtA hai, vaha ekendriya jAti nAma karma haiN| isa prakAra do indriya jAti nAma karma ke udaya se AtmA do indriya kahalAtA hai, ityAdi samajhanA caahiye| (3) zarIraH- jisa karma ke udaya se AtmA ke zarIra kI racanA hotI hai, vaha zarIra nAma karma haiN| vaha zarIra pA~ca prakAra kA hai- audArika zarIra nAma karma, vaikriyika zarIra nAma karma, AhAraka zarIra nAma karma, taijasa zarIra nAma karma aura kArmaNa zarIra nAma krm| (4) aMgopAMga nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se aMgopAMga kI racanA hotI hai vaha aMgopAMga nAma karma hai| jisa karma ke nimitta kAraNa se sira, pITha, jAMgha, bAhu, udara, nala, hAtha aura paira, ina ATha aMgo kI tathA lalATa, nAsikA, A~kha, a~guli Adi upAGgoM kI racanA hotI haiM, use aMgopAMga nAma karma kahate haiN| vaha aMgopAMga nAmakarma tIna prakAra kA hai- audArika zarIrAGgopAGga, vaikriyika zarIrAGgopAMga aura AhAraka shriiraanggopaaNngg| audArika zarIra meM jisake nimitta se aMgopAMgoM kI racanA hotI hai vaha audArika zarIrAMgopAMga hai, isI prakAra vaikriyika zarIrAMgopAMga aura AhAraka zarIrAMgopAMga jAnanA caahiye| (5) nirmANa:- jisake nimitta se zarIra meM aMga aura upAGga kI niSpatti (yathA sthAna aura yathApramANa racanA) hotI hai vaha nirmANa nAma karma hai| vaha nirmANa karma do prakAra kA hai- svasthAna nirmANa aura pramANa nirmaann| jisake dvArA racanA kI jAya vaha nirmANa karma hai| vaha nirmANa karma jAti nAma karma ke udaya kI apekSA cakSu Adi ke sthAna aura unake pramANa kI racanA karatA hai, vA jisake dvArA jAti nAma karma ke anusAra indriyoM ke AkAra tad-tad sthAna aura zarIra pramANa unakI racanA kI jAtI hai vaha nirmANa nAma karma hai| (6) bandha:- zarIra nAma karma ke udaya se grahaNa kiye gaye pudgaloM kA paraspara 494 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pradeza saMzleSa jisake dvArA hotA hai vaha bandha nAma karma kahalAtA hai, yahI asthi Adi kA paraspara bandhana karatA hai| isake abhAva meM zarIra pradeza lakar3iyoM ke Dhera ke samAna paraspara pRthaka-pRthak rheNge| (7) saMghAta:- avivara (nizchidra) bhAva se pudgaloM kA paraspara ekatva ho jAnA, saMgaThana ho jAnA saMghAta nAma karma hai| jisake udaya se audArika Adi zarIroM ke pradezoM kA paraspara nizchidra rUpa se saMzliSTa saMgaThana ho jAtA haiM vaha saMghAta nAma karma haiN| (8) saMsthAna nAma karma:- jisake kAraNa zarIra kI AkRti banatI hai vaha saMsthAna nAma karma hai| jisake udaya se audArika Adi zarIra kI AkRti (AkAra) kI niSpati hotI hai, vaha saMsthAna nAma karma hai| vaha saMsthAna chaha prakAra kA haiM- (1) samacaturasrasaMsthAna, 2. nyagrodhaparimaNDala saMsthAna (3) svAti saMsthAna, (4) kubjaka saMsthAna (5) vAmana saMsthAna aura huNDaka saMsthAna (1) samacaturasra saMsthAna:- Upara, nIce aura madhya meM kuzala zilpI ke dvArA racita samacakra kI taraha samAna rUpa se zarIra ke avayavoM kA sanniveza (racanA) honA, AkAra bananA samacaturasra saMsthAna hai| (2) nyagrodhaparimaNDala saMsthAna:- nyagrodha (bar3a) vRkSa ke samAna nAbhi ke Upara zarIra meM sthUlatva aura nIce ke bhAga meM laghu pradezoM kI racanA honA nyagrodhaparimaNDala saMsthAna hai| isameM nyagrodha (vaTa vRkSa) ke samAna deha kI racanA hotI hai isaliye isakA sArthaka nAma nyagrodhaparimaNDala saMsthAna hai| (3) svAti saMsthAna:- isase viparIta Upara laghu aura nIce bhArI, sarpa kI bAMbI ke samAna AkRti vAlA svAti saMsthAna haiN| (4) kubjaka saMsthAna:- pITha para bahuta pudgala piNDa pracaya vizeSa lakSaNa kA nirvartaka kubjaka saMsthAna hai, athavA pITha kA Ter3hI ho jAnA kubjaka saMsthAna kA kArya hai| (5) vAmana saMsthAna:- sarva aMga aura upAgoM ko choTA banAne meM jo kAraNa hotA hai vaha vAmana saMsthAna haiN| (6) haNDaka saMsthAna:- sarva aMgoM aura upAMgoM kI AkRti haNDa kI taraha racanA huNDaka saMsthAna hai| arthAt zArIrika vikRta saMsthAna ko huNDaka saMsthAna kahate hai| 495 For Personal & Private Use Only

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9. saMhanana nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se asthijAla (har3iyoM ke samUha) kA bandhana vizeSa hotA hai vaha saMhanana nAmakarma hai| yaha chaha prakAra kA hai(1) vajrarSabhanArAca saMhanana, (2) vajranArAca saMhanana (3) nArAca saMhanana (4). ardhanArAca saMhanana, (5) kIlakA saMhanana aura (6) asaMprAptAsRpATikA saMhanana (1) vajrarSabhanArAca saMhanana:- donoM haDDiyoM kI sandhiyA~ vajrAkAra hoN| pratyeka haDDI meM valayabandhana aura nArAca ho, aisA susaMhata bandhana vajrarSabhanArAca saMhanana (2) vajranArAca saMhanana:- sarva racanA vajrarSabha nArAca ke samAna hai, parantu bandhana valaya se rahita hai vaha vajranArAca saMhanana haiN| (3) nArAca saMhanana:- jo zarIra vajrAkAra bandhana aura valaya bandhana se rahita tathA nArAca sahita hai vaha nArAca saMhanana haiN| (4) ardhanArAca saMhanana:- jo zarIra eka tarapha nArAcayukta tathA dUsarI ora nArAca rahita avasthA meM hai, vaha ardhanArAca saMhanana vAlA zarIra kahalAtA hai| (5) kIlaka saMhanana:- jisake donoM haDDiyoM ke choroM meM kIla lagI haiN| vaha kIlaka saMhanana hai| (6) asaMprAptAsapATikA saMhanana:- jisameM bhItara haDDiyoM kA paraspara bandhana ho mAtra bAhara se ve sirA, snAyu, mAMsa Adi lapeTa kara saMghaTita kI gaI ho vaha asaMprAptAsRpATikA kA saMhanana haiN| (10) sparza nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se kaThora-mRda, halAka-bhArI, snindha-rUkSa, zIta aura uSNa ina ATha prakAra ke sparza kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, vA jisake kAraNa zarIra meM karkaza, mRdu, cikanApana, rUkSapanA, zIta, uSNatva, guru, laghutva Adi kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, vaha sparza nAma karma hai| (11) rasa nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se zarIra meM tiktatva, kaTutva, kaSAyatva, amlatva aura madhuratva, ina pA~ca rasoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai vaha rasa nAma karma (12) gandha nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se zarIra meM gandha hotI hai vaha gandha nAma karma hai| gandha do prakAra kI hai- sugandha aura durgandha / (13) varNa nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se zarIra meM varNa vizeSa hotA haiM vaha varNa nAma karma hai| vaha varNa pA~ca prakAra haiM- kRSNavarNa, nIlavarNa, raktavarNa, haritavarNa 496 For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura shukl-vrnn| prazna:- sparza, rasa Adi guNa acetana padArthoM ke hai, ve cetana meM kaise hote uttara:- yadyapi ye sparza Adi pudgala ke svabhAva haiM tathApi jIva ke zarIra meM inakA prAdurbhAva karmodaya kRta hai| isa prakAra sparzAdi nAma karma ke udaya se zarIra meM usa- jAti ke rUpa, rasa, Adi hote haiN| arthAt guru sparza karma ke udaya se zarIra bhArI hotA hai, laghu nAma karma ke udaya se zarIra halakA hotA hai| isa prakAra sarva sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa meM lagAnA caahiye| 14. AnupUrvI nAmakarma:- jisa nAma karma ke udaya se vigraha gati meM pUrva zarIra kA AkAra banA rahatA hai, naSTa nahIM hotA hai, vaha AnupUrvI nAma karma hai| vaha AnupUrvI cAra prakAra kI hai- naraka gatyAnupUrvI, tiryaggatyAnupUrvI, manuSya gatyAnupUrvI aura deva gatyAnupUrvI (1) naraka gati AnupUrvI:- jisa samaya manuSya vA tiryaJca apanI Ayu ko pUrNa karake pUrva zarIra ko chor3akara narakagati ke abhimukha hotA hai usa samaya vigraha gati meM udaya to naraka gatyAnupUrvI kA hotA hai, parantu usa samaya AtmA kA AkAra pUrva zarIra ke anusAra manuSya vA tiryaJca kA banA rahatA hai, yaha narakagati AnupUrvI hai| (2) manuSyagatyAnupUrvI:- isa prakAra manuSya gati meM jAne vAle ke vigraha gati meM manuSyagatyAnupUrvI hai| . (3) tiryaggatyAnupUrvI:- tiryaJca meM jAne vAle tiryaggatyAnupUrvI kahalAtI haiN| (4) devagatyAnupUrvI:- deva meM jAne vAle ke vigraha gati meM devagatyAnupUrvI kahalAtI hai| prazna:- vigrahagati meM pUrva zarIra kA AkAra banA rahatA to nirmANa nAma karma kA phala hai AnupUrvI ke udaya pUrva AkAra nahIM hai| uttara:- vigrahagati meM pUrva zarIra kA AkAra bane rahanA nirmANa nAma karma kA kAma nahIM hai, kyoMki pUrva zarIra ke naSTa hote hI nirmANa nAma karma kA udaya samApta ho jAtA hai| usake naSTa hone para ATha karmoM ke piNDa kArmaNa zarIra aura taijasa zarIra se sambandha rakhane vAle AtmapradezoM 497 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA AkAra vigraha gati meM pUrva zarIra ke AkAra rUpa banA rahatA hai| usakA kAraNa AnupUrvI kA udaya haiN| usa AnupUrvI kA udaya kAla vigraha gati meM hI hotA hai| usakA adhika se adhika kAla tIna samaya aura jaghanya eka samaya hai / Rjugati meM pUrva zarIra ke AkAra kA vinAza hone para zIghra hI uttara zarIra ke yogya pudgaloM kA jo grahaNa hotA hai, vaha nirmANa nAma karma ke udaya kA vyApAra hai / 15. agurulaghu nAmakarma :- jisake nimitta se zarIra agurulaghu hotA hai vaha agurulaghu nAmakarma hai| arthAt jisake udaya se lokapiNDa ke samAna guru hokara na to pRthvI meM nIce hI giratA hai aura na ruI kI taraha laghu hokara Upara hI ur3a jAtA hai vaha aguru laghu nAmakarma hai| prazna: - dharma-adharma Adi dravyoM meM agurulaghutva kaise hotA hai ? uttara:- dharma-adharma Adi ajIva dravyoM meM anAdi pAriNAmika agurulaghutva guNa ke kAraNa agurulaghutva hai, nAmakarma kI apekSA se nahIM / prazna:- - muktajIvoM meM agurulaghutva kaise hai ? uttara:- anAdikAlIna karmabandhana baddha jIvoM meM karmodayakRta agurulaghutva hai aura karmabandhana rahita mukta jIvoM meM svAbhAvika agurulaghutva hai| 16. upaghAta nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se svayaMkRta bandhana aura parvata se giranA Adi ho vaha upaghAta nAma karma hai| jo viSa sevana kara, agni meM jalakara mara jAte haiM yA aise zarIra ke avayava jinase apanA ghAta hotA hai, ve saba upaghAta nAma karma ke vipAka haiM / ( 17 ) paraghAta nAmakarma :- jisake nimitta se parakRta zastrAdi ke dvArA ghAta hotA hai, vaha paraghAta nAmakarma hai| 'para' zabda anya kA paryAyavAcI hai| jisa karma ke udaya se phalaka, kavaca Adi AvaraNa kA sannidhAna hone para bhI para prayukta zastra Adi ke dvArA ghAta hotA hai, para ke dvArA mAraNa, tAr3ana Adi hote haiM, vaha paraghAta nAma karma hai| ( 18 ) Atapa nAmakarma :- jisake udaya se Atapana hotA hai, vaha Atapa nAma karma hai| athavA jisake udaya se AtmA tapatI hai, jo sUrya Adi meM tapa kA nirvartaka hai, vaha Atapa nAma karma hai, Atapa nAmakarma kA udaya sUrya ke vimAna ekendriya pRthvIkA hai, usake hI hotA hai| 498 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(19) udyota nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se udyata hotA hai, vA udyota (prakAza) kiyA jAtA hai, vaha udyota nAmakaH / isakA udaya candra ke vimAnastha, pRthvIkAya, ekendriya vA juganU Adi tiryaMcoM meM hotA hai| mUlUNhapahA aggI AdAvo hodi unnhshiyphaa| Aicce tericche uNhUNapahA hu ujjoo||(33) Aga ke mUla aura prabhA donoM hI USNa rahate haiN| isa kAraNa usake sparza nAmakarma ke USNasparzanAmakarma kA udaya jaannaa| aura jisakI kevala prabhA (kiraNoM kA phailAva) hI USNa ho usako Atapa kahate haiN| isa AtapanAyakarma kA udaya sUrya ke bimba (vimAna) meM utpanna hue bAdaraparyApta pRthvIkAya ke tiryaMcakAya ke smjhnaa| tathA jisakI prabhA bhI uSNatA rahita ho usako niyama se udyota jaannaa| (go.ka.pR. 14, gA.na. 33) (20) ucchavAsa nAmakarma:- jo ucchvAsa prANApAna kA kAraNa hotA hai, vA jisa karma ke udaya se zvosocchavAsa hotA hai, vaha ucchavAsa nAmakarma hai| (21) vihAyogati nAmakarma:-AkAza meM gati kA prayojana vihAyogati nAmakarma hai| vihAya kA artha hai- AkAza aura AkAza meM gamana kA kAraNa vihAyogati naamkrm| prazasta aura aprazasta ke vikalpa se vihAyogati do prakAra kI hai| zreSTha baila, hAthI Adi kI prazasta gati meM jo kAraNa hotA hai, vaha prazasta vihAyogati hai aura U~Ta, gadhA Adi kI aprazasta gati meM jo karma kAraNa hotA hai, vaha aprazasta vihAyogati hai| prazna:- siddhagati ke prati gamana karane vAlI AtmA kI aura pudgala dravyoM ____ kI jo anuzreNI gati hotI hai, vaha kisa karma ke udaya se hotI hai? uttaraH mukta jIva aura pudgaloM kI gati svAbhAvika hai| prazna:- vihAyogati nAmakarma AkAzagAmI pakSiyoM meM hI hai, manuSyAdi meM nahIM kyoMki manuSyAdi meM AkAzagamanatva nahIM hai ? uttaraH- vihAyogati nAmakarma AkAzagAmI pakSiyoM meM hI nahIM apitu sabhI prANiyoM meM vihAyogati hai kyoMki avagAhana zakti ke yoga se sabhI kI AkAza meM hI gati hotI hai| (22) pratyeka zarIraH- eka AtmA ke upabhoga ke kAraNa zarIra ko pratyeka 499 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zarIra kahate hai / eka AtmA ke prati pratyeka hai " pratyeka zarIra" pratyeka zarIra / zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se racita zarIra jisa karma ke udaya se eka hI AtmA ke upabhogya ho arthAt jisakA svAmI eka hI jIva ho, vaha pratyeka zarIra nAmakarma hai| sI ( 23 ) sAdhAraNa zarIra nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se eka hI zarIra bahuta AtmAoM ke upabhoga kA kAraNa hotA hai, vA eka hI zarIra ke bahuta se jIva svAmI hote haiM vaha sAdhAraNa zarIra nAmakarma hai| prazna:- sAdhAraNa nAmakarma ke udaya se jIva kaisA hotA hai ? uttara:- sAdhAraNa jIvoM ke sAdhAraNa AhAra Adi (AhAra, zarIra, indriyAdi) cAra prAptiyA~ hotI haiM aura unakA janma-maraNa zvAsocchavAsa, anugraha aura upaghAta Adi sabhI hote haiN| jaba eka jIva ke AhAra, zarIra, indriya aura zvAsocchavAsa paryApti hotI hai, usa samaya usake sAtha anantAnta jIvoM kI AhArAdi paryAptiyoM ko nivRtti ho jAtI hai / jaba eka jIva janmatA hai jo usake sAtha anantAnanta jIvoM kA janma hotA hai| jaba eka jIva kA maraNa hotA hai| taba usake sAtha anantAnanta jIvoM kA maraNa hotA hai| jisa samaya eka jIva zvAsa grahaNa karatA hai yA chor3atA hai, usI samaya anantAnta prANI zvAsocchvAsa grahaNa karate haiM aura chor3ate haiN| jaba eka jIva AhArAdi kA anugraha karatA hai, AhAra grahaNa karatA hai to usa samaya eka sAtha anantAnanta jIva AhArAdi grahaNa karate haiM, jisa samaya eka jIva kA agni viSAdi ke dvArA upaghAta hotA hai usI samaya anantAnta jIvoM kA upaghAta hotA hai / ( 24 ) trasa nAmakarma :- jisa karma ke udaya se jIva ko do indriya Adi jaMgama (sa) jIvoM meM janma letA hai, vaha trasa nAmakarma hai| (25) sthAvara nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se yaha prANI pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati rUpa paMca sthAvara ekendriyoM meM janma letA hai, pA~ca sthAvara kAya meM utpanna hotA hai, vaha sthAvara nAmakarma hai| ( 26 ) subhaga nAmakarma:- rUpavAn ho vA kurUpa ho, jisa karma ke udaya se anya prANI usase prIti karate haiM, jo sabako pyArA lagatA hai, vaha subhaga nAmakarma hai| 500 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(27) durbhaga nAmakarma:- rUpavAn, saundaryakhAna hote hue bhI jisa karma ke udaya se dUsaroM ko pyArA na lage, dUsare usase prIti na kareM, kintu jo dUsaroM ko aprIti kA kAraNa hotA hai, aprItikA pratIta hotA hai, vaha durbhaga nAmakarma (28) susvara nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se anya janoM ke mana ko mohita karane vAle manojJa svara hoM, jisakA svara sabako karNapriya lage, vaha susvara nAmakarma hai| (29) duHsvara nAmakarma:- jisake udaya ke karkaza, amanojJa, karNakaTu svara kI prApti ho, vaha duHsvara nAmakarma hai| (30) zubha nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se zarIra dekhane yA sunane para prANI, kA zarIra ramaNIya pratIta ho, vaha zubha nAma karma hai| (31) azubha nAmakarma:- zubha se viparIta azubha hai arthAt dekhane va sunane vAle ko prANI kA zarIraM ramaNIya pratIta nahIM hotA hai, vaha azubha nAmakarma (32) sUkSma nAmakarma:- sUkSma zarIra kI racanA kA kartA sUkSma zarIra nAma karma hai| arthAt jisa karma ke udaya se anya jIvoM ke anugraha yA upaghAta ke ayogya sUkSma zarIra kI prApti hotI hai, vaha sUkSma nAmakarma hai| (33) sthUla nAmakarma:- jisa karma ke udaya se anya jIvoM ko bAdhAkAraka zarIra prApta hotA hai, vaha sthUla nAma karma hai| jo kisI se rukatA nahIM kisI ko rokatA nahIM, jisakA kisI ke dvArA ghAta nahIM, vaha sUkSma nAma karma hai, usase viparIta sthUla nAmakarma hai| (34) paryApti nAmakarma:- jisake udaya se AtmA antarmuharta meM AhArAdi paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai, paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa kara letA hai use paryApti nAma karma kahate hai| AhAra paryApti, zarIra paryApti, indriya paryApti, zvAsocchvAsa paryApti, bhASA paryApti aura manaH paryApti, ye chaha paryAptiyA~ hai| . prazna :- zvAsocchavAsa nAmakarma ke udaya hone para vAyu kA niSkramaNa aura pravezAtmaka phala hotA hai arthAt zvAsocchAvAsa nAma karma ke udaya se udarastha vAyu bAhara nikalatI hai| aura bAhara kI vAyu ko AtmA 501 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #517
bhItara khIMcatI hai aura zvAsocchavAsa paryApti kA bhI yahI lakSaNa hai ataH ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| uttara :- indriya ke viSaya aura aviSaya kI apekSA donoM me bheda hai| zvAsocchavAsa paryApti to sarva saMsArI jIvoM ke hotI hai, atIndriya hai - kAna yA sparza se anubhava meM nahIM AtI, parantu ucchvAsa nAmakarma ke udaya se paMcendriya jIva ke jo zIta, uSNa Adi se janita duHkha ke kAraNa lambe ucchvAsa niHzvAsa hote haiM aura jo zrotra indriya, sparzana indriya ke dvArA upalabdha hote haiM, unake dvArA grAhya hote haiM arthAt zvAsocchavAsa karma kA kArya indriyoM ke dvArA grAhya hote haiM, zvAsocchavAsa paryApti indriyoM ke gamya nahIM hai, yaha ina donoM meM antara hai| 35) aparyApti nAmakarma :- jisa karma ke udaya se jIva AhArAdi chahoM paryAptiyoM meM se kisI bhI paryApti ko pUrNa nahIM kara sakatA, paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa karane meM asamartha hotA hai, vaha aparyApti nAmakarma hai| 36) sthira nAmakarma :- sthira bhAva kA nivartaka sthira nAmakarma hai| jisa karma ke udaya se duSkara upavAsa Adi tapa karane para bhI aMga-upAMga kI sthiratA rahatI hai| arthAt aMga upAMga sthira bane rahate hai, kRza nahIM hote hai, vaha sthira nAmakarma haiN| 37) asthira nAmakarma :- sthira nAmakarma se viparIta phaladAyaka asthira nAmakarma hai arthAt jisa karma ke udaya se eka Adi thor3e se upavAsa karane para yA sAdhAraNa zIta uSNa Adi se hI zarIra meM asthiratA A jAtI hai. yA zarIra ke aMgopAMga kRza ho jAte haiM, vaha asthira nAmakarma haiN| 38) Adeya nAmakarma :- jisa karma ke udaya se dRSTa aura iSTa prabhA se yukta zarIra kI prApti hotI hai, vaha Adeya nAmakarma hai| 39) anAdeya nAmakarma :- jisake udaya se niSprabha zarIra prApta hotA hai, vaha anAdeya nAmakarma hai| prazna:- taijasa nAma kA sUkSma zarIra hai, usake nimitta se zarIra meM prabhA hotI hai, Adeya nAmakarma ke nimitta se nahIM ? uttara:- sUkSma taijasa zarIra nimittaka sarva saMsArI jIvoM ke hone vAlI sAdhAraNa kAnti Adeya nahIM hai, yadi sUkSma taijasa zarIra ke nimitta se hone vAlI 502 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #518
zarIra kI kAnti ko Adeya mAneMge to sarva saMsArI jIvoM ke zarIra kI. prabhA meM avizeSatA kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki vaha sarva saMsArI jIvoM meM sAdhAraNa hai ataH Adeya nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAlA lAvaNya evaM saundarya pRthak hai| 40) yazaskIrti nAmakarma :- puNyaguNakhyApana (prasiddhi) meM kAraNa karma yazaskIrti nAmakarma hai| puNya guNoM kA khyApana jisa karma ke udaya se hotA hai, usako yazaskIrti nAmakarma jAnanA caahie| prazna :- yaza aura kIrti ina donoM meM avizeSatA hone se yazaskIrti kahanA punarakta doSa hai| uttara:- yaza kA artha guNa hai aura kIrti kA artha vistAra hai| arthAt jo guNoM kA vistAra kare, vaha yazakIrti hai ataH yaza aura kIrti donoM ___ ekArthavAcI nahIM hai| 41) ayazaskIrti nAmakarma :- yazaskIrti se viparIta pApa doSoM ko khyApana karane vAlI arthAt apayaza ko vistarita karane vAlI ayazaskIrti hai| 42) tIrthaMkara nAmakarma :- Arhantya pada kI kAraNabhUta tIrthakara karma prakRti hai, jisake udaya se acintya vizeSa vibhUtiyukta Arhantya pada prApta hotA hai, usako tIrrakara nAmakarma prakRti samajhanA caahie| ___ (tattvArthavArtike, pR.na. 481) gotrakarma ke bheda uccairniicaishc| (12) gotrakarma Family. - determining karma is of 2 kinds: 1. uccagotra High. 2. nIca gotra Low. ucca gotra aura nIca gotra ye do gotrakarma haiN| . ucca aura nIca ye do vizeSaNa hone se gotra karma do prakAra kA haiucca gotra, nIca gotr| (1) ucca gotra - jisake udaya se lokapUjita kula meM janma hotA hai, vaha ucca gotra hai| jisa karma ke udaya se lokapUjita mahattvazAlI ikSvAkuvaMza, 503 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #519
ugravaMza, kurUvaMza, harivaMza aura jJAnI Adi vizeSa kula meM janma hotA hai, vaha ucca gotra hai| ( 2 ) nIca gotra nindanIya kula meM janma honA nIca gotra hai / jisa karma ke udaya se nindanIya, daridrI, aprasiddha, duHkhita, paramparA se nIca AcaraNa. karane vAle duHkhAkula aura hInakula meM prANiyoM kA janma hotA hai vaha nIca gotra hai, use nIca gotra samajhanA cAhiye / saMtANakameNgayajIvAyaraNassa godamidi kulakI paripATI ke krama se calA AyA jo jIva kA AcaraNa usakI gotra saMjJA hai / arthAt use gotra kahate haiM / usa kulaparamparA meM U~cA (uttama) AcAraNa ho to use ucca gotra kahate haiM, jo nidya AcaraNa ho to to vaha nIcagotra kahA jAtA hai| jaise eka kahAvata hai ki- ziyAla kA eka baccA bacapana se siMhinI ne pAlA / vaha siMha ke baccoM ke sAtha hI khelA karatA thaa| eka dina khelate hue ve saba bacce kisI jaMgala meM gye| vahA~ unhoMne hAthiyoM kA samUha dekhaa| dekhakara jo siMhinI ke bacce the ve to hAthI ke sAmane hue lekina vaha ziyAla jisameM ki, apane kula kA Darapokapane kA saMskAra thA hAthI ko dekha bhAgane lgaa| taba ve siMha ke bacce bhI apanA bar3A bhAI samajha usake sAtha pIche lauTakara mAtA ke pAsa Aye, aura usa ziyAla kI zikAyata kI ki hamako zikAra se isane rokaa| taba siMhinI ne usa ziyAla ke bacce se eka zloka kahA, jisakA matalaba yaha hai ki, aba beTA ! tU yahA~ se bhAga jA, nahIM to terI jAna nahIM bcegii| zUrosi kRta - vidyosi darzanIyosi yasmin kule tvamutpanno gajastatra na hanyate // ( 1 ) putraka / saNNA / uccaM NIcaM caraNaM uccaM NIcaM have godaM // ( 13 ) 504 arthAt he putra ! tU zUravIra hai, vidyAvAn hai, dekhane yogya (rUpavAn ) hai, parantu jisa kula meM tU paidA huA hai usa kula meM hAthI nahIM mAre jAte / (go. karmakANDa gAthA - 16 pR.6) 4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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antarAyakarma ke bheda daanlaabhbhogopbhogviirynnaam| (13) antarAya Obstructive karma is of 5 kinds as it obstruts. 1. dAnAntarAya Charity 2. lAbhAntarAya Gain 3. bhogAntarAya Enjoyment of consumable things. 4.upabhogAntarAya Enjoyment of non-consumable things. 5. vIryAntarAya Exercise of one's capacities power. dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya aise antarAya ke pA~ca bheda haiN| (1) dAnAntarAya :- dAnAdi pariNAma ke vyAghAta kA kAraNa hone se dAnAntarAya Adi vyapadeza hote haiN| jisake udaya se dene kI icchA hone para bhI de nahIM sakatA, dAnAntarAya hai| (2) lAbhAntarAya :- lAbha kI icchA hone para bhI lAbha nahIM ho pAtA hai, vaha lAbhAntarAya hai| (3) bhogAntarAya :- jisake udaya se bhogane kI icchA hone para bhI bhoga nahIM kara sakatA vaha bhogAntarAya karma hai| (4) upabhogAntarAya :- upabhoga kI icchA hone para bhI jisake udaya se vastu kA upabhoga kara nahIM sakatA, vaha upabhogAntarAya hai| (5) vIryAntarAya :- kArya karane kA utsAha hote hue bhI jisake udaya se nirUtsAhita ho jAtA hai, vaha vIryAntarAya karma hai| - ye dAnAntarAya Adi pAMca antarAya karma ke bheda haiN| prazna :- bhoga aura upabhoga donoM hI sukhAnubhava meM nimitta hai ata: ina donoM ... meM avizeSatA hone se abhedatva (bheda nahIM) hai? uttara :- yadyapi bhoga aura upabhoga donoM sukhAnubhava meM nimitta haiM tathApi eka bAra bhogane meM Ane vAlI gandha, mAlA, snAna, anna-pAnAdi vastuoM meM bhoga vyapadeza (saMjJA) hotA hai (bhoga hai, aisA vyavahAra hotA hai) aura zayyA, Asana, strI, hAthI, ghor3A, ratha Adi bAra-bAra bhogane meM Ane vAlI vastuoM meM upabhoga-vyapadeza hotA hai| isa prakAra Adi karmoM kI uttara prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA kahIM hai| phalavizeSa kI apekSA 505 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #521
jJAnAvaraNa aura nAmakarma kI uttara prakRttiyA~ asaMkhyAta bhI hotI hai| sthitibandha kA varNana AditastisRNAmantarAyasyacatriMzatsAgarApamakoTIkoTyaH praasthitiH| (14) The maximum duration of the 3 form the first, 'Farkuffe knowledge obsucuring, darzanAvaraNIya conation-obscuring and vedanIya feeling karmas and of 377r obstructive-karmas is 30 crore X crore APK sagaras. Adi kI tIna prakRtiyA~ arthAt jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura vedanIya tathA antarAya ina cAra kI utkRSTa sthiti tIsa koTi-koTi sAgaropama hai| yaha utkRSTa sthiti saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka ke haiN| anya ekendriya Adi ke jJAnAvaraNaM Adi kA utkRSTa sthitibandha Agama se jAnanA caahiye| jaise-ekendriya paryApta ke jJAnAvaraNa Adi kA utkRSTa sthitibandha 3/7 sAgara (eka sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se tIna bhAga) pramANa haiN| dvIndriya paryAptaka jIva ke utkRSTa sthiti paccIsa sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se tIna bhAga pramANa haiN| tIna indriya paryAptaka ke pacAra sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se tIna bhAga pramANa haiN| caturindriya paryAptaka ke sau sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se tIna bhAga pramANa haiN| asaMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka ke eka hajAra sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se tIna bhAga pramANa utkRSTa sthiti haiN| saMjJI paMcendriyaM paryAptaka ke anta: koTAkoTi sAgara utkRSTa sthiti ekendriya aparyAptaka ke palyopama ke asaMkhyAta bhAga kama svaparyAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti pramANa haiN| isI prakAra do indriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura asaMjJI paMcendriya aparyAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti kA pramANa apanI-apanI paryAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti meM se palyopama kA asaMkhyAtavA bhAga kama haiN| mohanIya karma kI utkRSTa sthiti spttirmohniiysy| (15) The maximum duration of HE-I Deluding karma is 70 (crore X crore sagars). mohanIya kI utkRSTa sthiti sattara koTA koTI sAgaropama hai| sAgaropamakoTIkoTaya: parAsthitiH isakA anuvartana Upara ke sUtra ke karanA caahiye| 506 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #522
isa mohanIya karma kI bhI utkRSTa sthiti kA bandha saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka ke hI hotA hai| mohanIya karma kA utkRSTa sthitibandha saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka ke 70 kor3A, kor3I, ekendriya paryAptaka ke eka sAgara, paryAptaka do indriya ke paccIsa sAgara, paryAptaka tIna indriya ke pacAsa sAgara, paryAptaka caturindriya ke sau sAgara aura paryAptaka asaMjJI paMcendriya kI utkRSTa mohanIya karma-sthiti eka hajAra sAgara pramANa haiN| ekendriya aparyAptaka ke palyopama ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga kama eka sAgara pramANa hai| do indriya aparyAptaka, tIna indriya aparyAptaka, caturindriya aparyAptaka ke palyopama ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se kama sva-paryAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti pramANa utkRSTa sthiti samajhanI cAhiye, arthAt aparyAptaka do indriya ke mohanIya karma kI utkRSTa sthiti palya ke saMkhyAtaveM bhAgahIna paccIsa sAgara, aparyAptaka tIna indriya ke palyopama ke saMkhyAtave bhAga hIna pacAsa sAgara, aparyAptaka caturindriya ke palyopama ke saMkhyAtaveM bhAga hIna sausAgara aparyAptaka asaMjJI paMcendriya ke palyopama ke saMkhyAtaveM bhAgahIna eka hajAra sAgara tathA aparyAptaka saMjJI paMcendriya ke anta: koTAkoTI sAgara pramANa utkRSTa sthiti hai| nAma aura gotra kI utkRSTa sthiti viNshtirnaamgotryoH| (16) The maximum duration of JIH Nama, body-making and I Gotra family-determining Karmas is 20 (Crore x Crore HMR Sagars for each. nAma aura gotra kI utkRSTa sthiti bIsa koTA koTi sAgaropama hai| sAgaropama koTAkoTI sthiti kA Upara se anuvartana karanA cAhiye, kyoMki unakA prakaraNa cala rahA hai| saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka ke nAma aura gotra kI utkRSTa sthiti 20 kor3A kor3I sAgara hai| ekendriya paryAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti eka sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se do bhAga pramANa hai| do indriya paryAptaka kI nAmagotra kI utkRSTa sthiti paccIsa sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se do bhAga pramANa hai| tIna indriya paryAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti pacAsa sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se do bhAga pramANa hai cAra indriya paryAptaka kI sau sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM se do bhAga pramANa hai| asaMjJI paMcendriyaparyAptaka kI eka hajAra sAgara ke sAta bhAgoM meM . 507 For Personal & Private Use Only

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se do bhAga pramANa hai| saMjJI paMcendriya aparyAptaka kI utkRSTa sthiti antaH kor3Akor3I sAgara pramANa hai| ekendriya aparyAptaka kI palya ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga kama 2/7 sAgara pramANa hai / do indriya, tIna indriya caturindriya aparyAptaka tathA asaMjJI paMcendriya aparyAptaka ke palyopama ke saMkhyAtaveM bhAga se kama svaparyAptaka. kI utkRSTa sthiti hI, inakI utkRSTa sthiti samajhanI cAhiye / The maximum duration of Ayu Ayu Age-karma is 33 sAgara Sagars.. Ayu kI utkRSTa sthiti taiMtIsa sAgaropama pramANa hai| puna: 'sAgaropama' zabda kA grahaNa kor3Akor3I kI nivRti ke liye hai / arthAt sAgaropama kA prakaraNa hone para bhI sUtra meM punaH sAgaropama kA grahaNa kor3Akor3I sAgara kI vyAvRtti (nirAkaraNa) ke liye hai / utkRSTa sthiti kA anuvartana karanA cAhiye, arthAt 'parA' zabda kA grahaNa prakaraNa se karanA cAhiye / saMjJI paryAptaka ke Ayu karma kI utkRSTa sthiti taiMtIsa sAgara pramANa hai| asaMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka utkRSTa Ayu palyopama ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa hai tathA zeSa jIvoM kI utkRSTa Ayu koTi pUrva pramANa hai| vedanIya karma kI jaghanya sthiti aparA dvAdazamuhUrtA vedanIyasya / ( 18 ) The minimum duration of vedanIya feeling karma is 12 muhUta = 12 x 48 minaTa minutues. vedanIya kI utkRSTa sthiti bAraha muhUrta hai| sUkSma sAmyaparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna meM vedanIya kI jaghanya sthiti 12 muhUrtta pramANa hai| arthAt vedanIya karma kA jaghanya sthitibandha sAmyarAya guNasthAna hotA hai| Ayu karma kI utkRSTa sthiti trayastriMzatsAgaropamANyAyuSaH / ( 17 ) nAma aura gotra kI jaghanya sthiti nAmagotrayoSTau / (19) That of nAma Body-making and Gotra gotra Family-determining is 8 murhata muhurtas. 508 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nAma aura gotra kI jaghanya sthiti ATha muhUta hai| yahA~ para bhI sUkSma sAmparAya isa vAkyavizeSa kA sambandha karanA caahiye| 'muhUrtA' aura 'aparAsthiti' inakA bhI anuvartana karanA Avazyaka hai, ata: isa sUtra kA artha huA nAma aura gotra kI ATha muhUrta pramANa jaghanya sthiti kA baMdha sUkSma sAmyaparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| zeSa pA~ca karmoM kI jaghanya sthiti shessaannaamntrmuhuurtaa| (20) Of all the rest the minimum is one atamuhUta which ranges from 1 samaya and one 3710ft Avali at the lowest to 48 miniutes - 1 HH4 samaya. zeSa pAMca karmo kI jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta hai| __ 'aparA' isakA prakaraNa se anuvartana karanA caahiye| darzanAvaraNa, jJAnavaraNa, aura antarAya kI jaghanya sthiti kA baMdha sUkSma sAmyaparAya guNasthAna meM hai| mohanIya kA jaghanya sthiti bandha anivRtti bAdara sAmyaparAya nAmaka navama guNasthAna meM hai aura Ayu karma kA jaghanya sthiti baMdha saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle (karmabhUmiyA) tiryaMca aura manuSyoM meM hotA hai| arthAt antarmuhUrta Ayu vAle karmabhUmiyAmanuSya aura tiryaMca ho sakate haiN| anubhava kA lakSaNa vipaako'nubhvH| (21) anubhava is the maturing and fruition of karmas. vipAka arthAt vividha prakAra ke phala dene kI zakti par3anA hI anubhava hai| nAnA prakAra ke viziSTa pAka kA nAma vipAka hai| anugraha aura upaghAta karane vAlI jJAnAvaraNa Adi karmaprakRtiyoM ke pUrvAstrava ke kAraNa tIvra, manda bhAva nimittaka viziSTa pAka ko vipAka kahate haiN| athavA dravya, kSetra kAla, bhava aura bhAva lakSaNa nimitta bheda janita viziSTa pAka ko vipAka kahate haiN| yahI vipAka anubhava kahA jAtA hai| zubha pariNAmoM kI prakarSatA meM zubha karmaprakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa aura karmaprakRtiyoM kA nikRSTa anubhAga baMdha hotA hai tathA azubha pariNAmoM kI prakarSatA meM azubha karmaprakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa aura zubha karmaprakRtiyoM kA nikRSTa anubhAga bandha hotA hai| vahI anubhAga arthAt karmoM ke phala vipAka 509 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #525
kA kAraNavaza do prakAra se hotA hai- svamukha se aura paramukha se| sarva mUla karmaprakRtiyoM kA vipAka to svamukha se hI hotA hai, parantu uttara karmaprakRtiyoM meM Ayu, darzanamoha aura cAritramoha ko chor3akara zeSa sajAtIya prakRtiyoM kA vipAka paramukha se bhI hotA hai aura svamukha se bhii| kyoMki narakAyu apane svamukha (narakAyurUpa) se hI phala detI hai, tiryaJcAyu manuSyAyu vA devAyu rUpa se nhiiN| darzana mohanIya, cAritra mohanIya rUpa se vA cAritra mohanIya darzana mohanIya rUpa se phala nahIM de sakatI , ata : Ayu, darzana mohanIya evaM cAritra mohanIya karma kA vipAka svamukha se hI hotA hai| sa ythaanaam| (22) That fruition is according to the name of the karma e.g. jJAnAvaraNIya Knowledge - obscuring karma prevents the acquisition of knowledge and so on. ____ vaha jisa karma kA jaisA nAma hai usake anurUpa hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke nAmAnusAra hI phala prApta hotA hai| jaise-jJAnAvaraNa kA phala-vipAka jJAna kA abhAva hai, darzanAvaraNa karma kA vipAka darzana-zakti kA uparodha hai| sukha-du:kha kA anubhava karAnA vedanIya kA phala-vipAka hai| AtmA ko mohita karanA mohanIya kA kArya hai| bhava meM rokakara rakhanA Ayu kA kAma hai| aneka prakAra se zarIra kI racanA karanA arthAt 'AsamantAt eti iti Ayu', narakAdi paryAyoM ko prApta karAne vAlI Ayu hai| nAmakaraNa vA AkAravizeSa kAraka nAma hai| ucca-nIca kA vyavahAra karane vAlA gotra aura dAtA evaM pAtra ke madhya meM vighnakAraka antarAya hai| isa prakAra sarva prakRtiyoM ke sarva vikalpoM ke anubhAga kA jJAna apane-apane anvartha nAma ke anusAra hotA hai| phala de cukane ke bAda kyA hotA hai ? tatazca nirjraa| (23) After that fruition the karmas fall off. isake bAda nirjarA hotI hai| pUrvopArjita karmoM kA jhar3a jAnA hI nirjarA hai| AtmA ko sukha vA du:kha dekara khAye hue audanAdi (bhAtAdi) AhAra ke mala kI taraha sthiti ke kSaya ho 510 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #526
jAne ke kAraNa avasthAna kA abhAva hone se pUrvopArjita karmoM kA jhar3a jAnA, ho arthAt naSTa ho jAnA hI nirjarA hai|| vaha nirjarA do prakAra kI hai - vipAkajA aura avipaakjaa| aneka jAtivizeSa se udvelita cAra gati rUpa saMsAra mahAsamudra meM cirakAla se paribhramaNa karane vAle prANI ke zubhAzubha karmoM kA audayika bhAvoM se udayAvali strota se krama se yathAkAla praviSTa hokara jisakA sAtA-asAtA vA anyatara jisa rUpa se banda huA hai, usakA usa rUpa meM svAbhAvika phala dekara sthiti samApta karake nivRta ho jAnA, udayayAgata karma kA parimukta hokara vinAza ko prApta ho jAnA hI vipAkajA nirjarA hai| jo karma vipAkakAla ko prApta nahIM hue haiM, arthAt jina karmoM kA abhI udayakAla nahIM AyA hai, unheM bhI aupakramika kriyA (tapa) vizeSa ke sAmarthya se anudIrNa karmoM ko bhI balAt udayAvali meM lAkara pakA denA, udayAvali meM lAkara unakA anubhava karanA, avipAka nirjarA hai, jaise ki, kacce Ama, panasa Adi phaloM kA prayoga se pakA diyA jAtA hai| ____nimittAntaroM ke samuccaya ke lie sUtra meM 'ca' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 'tattvArtha sUtra ke navama adhyAya ke dUsare sUtra meM kahA hai 'tapasA nirjarA ca' tapa se nirjarA hotI hai, ata: 'ca' zabda se saMvara ke prakaraNa meM kahe jAne vAle 'tapa' kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| arthAt karma phala dekara bhI jhar3a jAte haiM aura tapa se bhii| ye karmaprakRtiyA~ ghAtI aura aghAtI ke bheda se do prakAra kI haiN| jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya karma ghAtiyAM haiM aura vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra, ye aghAtiyAM karma haiN| sarvaghAtI aura dezaghAtI ke bheda se ghAtiyAM karma do prakAra kA hai| unameM kevalajJAnAvaraNIya, nidrAnidrA, pracalA-pracalA, satyAnagRddhi, nidrA, pracalA, kevaladarzanAvaraNa, anantAnubandhI, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, apratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura pratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ye bAraha kaSAya aura darzanamohanIya (mithyAtva), ye bIsa prakRtiyAM sarvaghAtI haiN| jJAnAvaraNa ke cAra (mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana :paryaya jJAnAvaraNa), darzanAvaraNa kI cakSu, acakSu aura avadhi darzanAvaraNa, ye tIna, antarAya pA~ca (dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya-zakti kI bAdhaka), saMjvalana kaSAya 511 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #527
kI cAra aura nau nokaSAya, ye dezaghAtI prakRtiyA~ haiM, avaziSTa (bacI huI) aghAtI karma prakRtiyA~ haiN| zarIra nAmakarma se lekara sparza paryanta nAma prakRtiyA~, agurUlaghu, upaghAta, paraghAta, Atapa, udyota pratyeka zarIra, sAdhAraNa zarIra, sthira-asthira, zubha-azubha aura nirmANa, ye 62 karmaprakRtiyA~ pudgalavipAkI haiM, cAra AnupUrvI kSetravipAkI haiM, Ayukarma bhava dhAraNa karAtA hai ataH cAra Ayukarma bhavavipAkI haiM aura zeSa prakRtiyA~ jIvavipAkI haiN| isa prakAra sUtra 21 se sUtra 23 taka meM anubhavabandha kA vyAkhyAna kiyaa| pradezabandha kA varNana | pradezabandha kA svarUpa nAmapratyayAH sarvato yogavizeSAtsUkSmaikakSetrAvagAhasthitAH ___ srvaatmprdeshessvnntaanntprdeshaaH| (24) According to the nature cused bu their names, from all round, due to the difference in the viberations TNT yoga in the soul activity, not percetible by the senses, the karmic molecules enter and become one and stay with every moment to each soul. karma prakRtiyoM ke kAraNabhUta prati samaya yogavizeSa se sUkSma, ekakSetrAvagAhI aura sthita anantAnta pudgala paramANu saba Atma pradezoM meM sambandha ko prApta hote haiN| isa sUtra meM pradezabandha ke kAraNa pradeSa bandha ke samaya pradezoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| Apa loga ko jJAta hai ki baMdha cAra prakAra ke hote haiN| (1) prakRti baMdha (2) pradeza baMdha (3) sthiti baMdha (4) anubhAga bNdh| abhI taka pahale ke tIna prakAra ke baMdho kA varNana ho gayA hai| prakaraNa prApta cauthe pradeza bandha kA varNana yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| nAma pratyaya kA artha yaha hai ki, apane nAma ke anusAra sarva prakRtiyA~ apane-apane anubhAga ke anusAra baMdhatI hai| "sarvataH" zabda se batAyA gayA ki saMsArI jIva ke pratyeka bhava meM pratyeka samaya meM karma bandha hotA hai| arthAt eka jIva ke bhUta ke ananta bhava, vartamAna bhU evaM bhaviSyat ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta evaM ananta bhava meM karma bandha hote haiN| jaba taka jIva abandha avasthA (13vAM guNasthAna 14 vAM aura sidhdAvasthA) 512 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #528
ko prApta nahIM karatA hai taba taka karma bandha hote rahate haiN| yoga vizeSAt' isa zabda se yaha nirdeza kiyA gayA ki mana, vacana kAya ke parispandana se jo Atma pradeza meM parispandana hotA hai usase karmAsrava hotA hai| 'sUkSma' zabda se yaha nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki karmayoga pudgala sUkSma hote haiM sthUla nahIM hote haiN| eka kSetrAvagAhoM se siddha hotA hai ki Atmapradeza aura karma pudgala vargaNAoM kA avakAza eka hI kSetra meM hotA hai bhinna-bhinna kSetra meM nhiiN| 'sthiti zabda se nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki sthira karma paramANu hI karma rUpa pariNamana karate haiN| asthira (calate hue, gamana karate hue) karma paramANu karma rUpa paryAya meM pariNamana nahIM karate haiN| 'sarva Atma pradezeSu' vizeSaNa se yaha kahA gayA ki AtmA ke eka do Adi pradezoM meM karma vargaNAe~ nahIM baMdhatI hai| parantu AtmA ke sampUrNa asaMkhyAta pradezoM meM karma vargaNAe~ baMdhakara sthita rahatI haiN| "anaMtAnaMta pradezaH" zabda se yaha siddha kiyA gayA ki karma paramANu anaMtAnaMta ho eka sAtha baMdhate haiN| ye na to saMkhyAta haiM na asaMkhyAta. haiM aura na ananta haiM, apitu anaMtAnaMta hai, isakA pratipAdana karane ke lie 'anantAnaMta' zabda kA grahaNa hai| eka samaya meM AtmA ke sAtha sambandha ko prApta karane vAle ye pudgala skandha abhavyoM se ananta guNe aura siddhoM ke anantaveM bhAga pramANa haiN| ve ghanAGgula ke asaMkhyeya bhAga rUpa kSetrAvagAhI eka, do, tIna, cAra, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta samaya kI sthiti vAlI pA~ca varNa, pA~ca rasa, do gandha aura cAra sparza vAlI tathA ATha prakAra ke karma rUpa se pariNamana karane yogya pudgala vargaNAyeM AtmA ke dvArA yogoM ke kAraNa AtmasAt kI jAtI haiM vaha pradeza bandha haiN| gommaTTasAra karmakANDa meM kahA bhI hai : eyakkhettogADhaM savvapadesehiM kammaNo joggN| . baMdhadi sagahedUhi ya aNAdiyaM sAdiyaM ubhyN||18|| goMmaTTasAra karmakANDa jaghanya avagAhanA rUpa eka kSetra meM sthita aura karma rUpa pariNamana ke yogya Adi athavA sAdi athavA donoM svarUpa jo pudgala dravya hai, usako 513 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #529
yaha jIva apane saba pradezoM se mithyAtvAdika ke nimitta se bAMdhatA hai arthAt karma rUpa pudgaloM kA AtmA ke pradezoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha honA pradeza bandha hai| yahA~ para sUkSma nigoda jIva kI ghanAMgula ke asaMkhyAtave bhAga avagAhanA (jagaha) ko eka kSetra jaannaa| athavA paMcama adhyAya meM savistAra se varNana jisa AkAza pradeza meM eka paramANu avakAza letA hai use eka pradeza kahate haiM aise hI AtmA ke avibhAgI aMza kA pradeza kahate haiN| sUtra meM eka samaya meM jo pradeza baMdha hote haiM usakI saMkhyA anantAnanta dI gaI hai| usa anaMtAnaMta kA spaSTIkaraNa karane ke lie gommaTTasAra meM kahA siddhANaMtimabhAgaM abhvvsiddhaadnnNtgunnmev| . samayapabaddhaM baMdhadi jogavasAdo du visaritthaM // 4 // yaha AtmA siddhajIvarAzi ke jo ki anantAnantapramANa kahI hai anantaveM bhAga aura abhavya jIva rAzi jo jaghanya yuktAnanta pramANa hai usase ananta guNe samaya prabaddha ko arthAt eka samaya meM baMdhane vAle paramANu samUha ko bAMdhatA hai :- apane sAtha sambaddha karatA hai| parantu mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti rUpa yogoM kI vizeSatA se (kamatI bar3hatI hone se) kabhI thor3e aura kabhI bahuta paramANuoM kA bhI baMdha karatA hai| pariNAmoM meM kaSAya kI adhikatA tathA mandatA hone para AtmA ke pradeza jaba adhika vA kama sakampa (calAyamAna) hote haiM taba karma paramANu bhI jyAdA athavA kama baMdhate haiN| jaise :- adhika cikanI dIvAla para dhUli adhika lagatI hai aura kama cikanI para km| sampUrNa vizva meM 23 (teIsa) vargaNAe~ khacAkhaca bharI huI hai| usameM se eka vargaNA hai kArmANa vrgnnaa| kArmANa vargaNA hI karma rUpa meM pariNamana karatI hai| tathApi sabhI karmANa vargaNA eka sAtha karmarUpa meM pariNAmana nahIM karatI haiN| kArmANa vargaNA meM se kucha kArmANa vargaNAyeM hI eka samaya karma rUpa meM pariNamana karatI hai| kahA bhI hai: 514 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #530
eyANeyakkhettaTiThayarUviaNaMtimaM have jogaM / avarsesa tu ajoggaM sAdi gaNAdI have taththa // ( 187 ) // eka tathA aneka kSetroM meM ThaharA huA jo pudgala dravya usake anantaveM bhAga pudgala paramANuoM kA samUha karma rUpa hone yogya haiM, aura bAkI ananta bahubhAga pramANa karma rUpa hone ke ayogya hai| isa prakAra 1. eka kSetra sthita yogya 2. aneka kSetrasthita yogya 3. aneka kSetra sthita yogya 4. aneka kSetra sthita yogya cAra bheda hue| ina cAroM meM bhI eka-eka ke sAdi aura anAdi bheda jAnanA / sagasagakhettagayassa ya aNaMtimaM joggadavvagayasAdI / ajoggasaMgayasAdI hoditti sesaM apane-apane eka tathA aneka kSetra meM rahane vAle pudgala dravya ke anantaveM bhAga yogya sAdi dravyaM hai, aura isase bAkI anaMta bahubhAga ayogya sAdi dravya hai, aisA jinendra deva ne kahA hai| anAdi dravya kA pramANa: sagasagasAdivihINe joggAjogge ya hodi NiyameNa / joggAjoggANaM aNAdidavvANa parimANaM / / (190) forfaco II(188) 11 puNa eka kSetra meM sthita yogya-ayogya dravya tathA aneka kSetra meM maujUda yogya vA ayogya dravya kA jo pariNAma hai usameM apanA-apanA sAdi dravya kA pramANa ghaTAne se jo bace vaha krama se eka kSetra sthita yogya anAdi dravya kA eka kSetra sthita ayogya anAdi dravya kA, aneka kSetra sthita yogya anAdi dravya kA, aneka kSetra sthita ayogya anAdi dravya kA parimANa jAnanA / yaha jIva. mithyAtvAdika ke nimitta se samaya samaya prati karmarUpa pariNamane yogya samayaprabaddha pramANa paramANuoM ko grahaNa kara karmarUpa pariNamAtA hai| unameM kisI samaya to pahale grahaNa kiye jo sAdi dravya rUpa paramANu haiM usakA hI grahaNa karatA hai kisI samaya meM abhI taka grahaNa karane meM nahIM Aye aise anAdi dravya rUpa paramANuoM kA, aura kabhI donoM kA grahaNa karatA hai / For Personal & Private Use Only 515

Page #531
samaya prabaddha kA pramANa: sayalarasarUvagaMdhehiM pariNadaM caramacaduhiM phaasehiN| siddhAdo'bhavvAdo'NaMtimabhAgaM guNaM davvaM // (191) vaha samaya prabaddha, saba arthAt pA~ca prakAra rasa, pA~ca prakAra varNa, do prakAra gandha tathA zItAdi cAra anaMta ke sparza, ina guNoMkara sahita pariNamatA huA, siddha rAzi ke anantaveM bhAga athavA abhavya rAzi se antaguNA karmarUpa pudgala dravya jaannaa| eka samaya meM grahaNa kiyA huA samaya prabaddha ATha mUlaM prakRti rUpa : pariNamatA hai usameM eka eka mUla prakRti kA baMTavArA jisa taraha hotA hai usa taraha ko batAte haiM: AugabhAgo thovo NAmAgode samo tado ahiyo| ghAditiyevi ya tatto mohe tatto tado tdiye||(192) saba mUla prakRtiyoM meM Ayukarma kA hissA thor3A hai| nAma aura gotra karma kA hissA Apasa meM samAna hai, to bhI Ayukarma ke bA~Ta se adhika hai| antarAya-darzanAvaraNa-jJAnAvaraNa ina tIna ghAtiyA~ karmoM kA bhAga Apasa meM samAna hai, to bhI nAma, gotra ke bhAga se adhika hai| isase adhika mohanIya karma kA bhAga hai| tathA mohanIya se bhI adhika vedanIya karma ke bhAga hai| jahA~ jitane karmoM kA bandha ho vahA~ utane hI karmoM kA bA~Ta kara lenaa| vedanIya karma kA adhika bhAga hone meM kAraNa: suhadukkhaNimattAdo bahuNijjaragotti veynniiyss| savvehito bahugaM davvaM hoditti NididaLeM // (193) vedanIya karma sukha dukha kA kAraNa hai, isaliye isakI nirjarA bhI bahuta hotI hai| isI vAste saba karmoM se bahuta dravya isa vedanIya kA hI jinendra bhagavAna ne kahA hai| anya karmoM kA dravya vibhAga sthiti ke anusAra sesANaM payaDINaM ThidipaDibhAgeNa hodi davvaM tu| AvaliasaMkhabhAgo paDibhAgo hodi NiyameNa // (14) 516 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vedanIya ke sivAya bAkI saba mUla prakRtiyoM ke dravya kA sthiti ke anusAra ba~TavArA hotA hai| jisakI sthiti adhika hai usakA adhika, kama kokama, tathA samAna sthiti vAle ko samAna dravya hissA meM AtA hai, aisA jAnanA / aura inake bA~Ta karane meM pratibhAgahAra niyama se Avali ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa samajhanA / paMcAstikAya meM AcArya kundakunda deva neM uparokta siddhAnta ko hI nimna prakAra se pratipAdita kiyA hai: ogADhagADhaNicido poggalakAyehiM savvado bAdarehiM ya tANaMtehiM sumehiM jaise yaha loka pRthvIkAya Adi pAMca prakAra ke sUkSma sthAvara jIvoM sekajjala se pUrNa bharI huI kajjaladAnI kI taraha binA antara ke bharA huA hai usI taraha yaha loka apane sarva asaMkhyAta pradezoM meM dRSTigocara va adRSTigocara nAnA prakAra ke anaMtAnaMta pudgala skaMdhoM se bhI bharA hai| yahAM prakaraNa meM jo karma vargaNA yogya pudgala skaMdha haiM ve vahAM bhI maujUda haiM jahAM AtmA haiN| ve vahAM vinA anyatra se lAe hue maujUda haiN| pIche baMdhakAla meM aura bhI vargaNAeM aaveNgii| yahAM yaha tAtparya hai ki yadyapi ve vargaNAeM jahAM AtmA hai vahAM dUdha-pAnI kI taraha kUTa-kUTakara bharI huI haiM / attA kuNadi sabhAvaM tattha gadA poggalA sabhAvehiM / gacchaMti kammabhAvaM aNNoNNAvagAhamavagAr3hA ||65|| AtmA vAstava meM saMsAra avasthA meM pAriNAmika caitanya svabhAva ko choDe binA hI anAdi baMdhana dvArA baddha hone se anAdi moharAgadveSa dvArA snigdha aise, avizuddha bhAvoM rUpa se hI vivartana ko prApta hotA hai ( pariNamita hotA hai ) / vaha (saMsArastha AtmA) vAstava meM jahAM aura jaba moharUpa, rAgarUpa yA dveSarUpa aise apane bhAva ko karatA hai, vahAM aura usa samaya usI bhAva ko nimitta banAkara pudgala apane bhAvoM se hI jIva ke pradezoM meM (viziSTatA pUrvaka) paraspara- avagAharUpa se praviSTa hue karmabhAva ko prApta hote haiN| logo / vividhehiM // 64|| For Personal & Private Use Only 517

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puNya prakRtiyA~ sadvedyazubhAyunAmagotrANi punnym| (25) you or meritorious karmas are the following 1. sodvedya Pleasure bearing. 2. zubhAyu Good age karma. 3. zubhanAma Good body-making karma. 4. zubhagotra High-family determining. __sAtA vedanIya, zubhaAyu, zubhanAma aura zubhagotra ye prakRttiyA~ puNyarUpa zubha kA grahaNa Ayu Adi kA vizeSaNa hai| zubha prazasta ye ekArthavAcI haiN| usa zubha kA grahaNa Ayu Adi kA vizeSaNa hai| zubha Ayu, zubha nAma, zubha gotra ye puNyaprakRttiyA~ haiN| zubha Ayu tIna prakAra kI haiM- tiryagAyu, manuSyAyu aura devaayu| yadyapi tiryaMJca gati azubha hai parantu tiryaJcAyu zubha hai kyoMki tiryaJca gati meM jAnA koI nahI cAhatA hai ataH 'Ayu' puNyaprakRti aura tiryaJca gati' pApa prakRti hai| saiMtIsa nAma prakRttiyA~ zubha haiN| manuSyagati, devagati, paMcendriya jAti, audArika Adi pA~ca zarIra, tIna aMgopAMga, samacaturasra-saMsthAna, vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana, prazasta varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, manuSyagatyAnupUrvI, devagatyAnupUrvI, agurUlaghu, paraghAta, ucchvAsa, Atapa, udyota, prazasta vihAyogati, trasa, bAdara, paryApti, pratyeka zarIra, sthira, zubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya, yazaskIrti, nirmANa aura tIrthaMkara nAma ye saiMtIsa nAmakarma kI prakRtiyA~ zubha haiN| ucca gotra aura sAtA vedanIya milakara ye sarva bayAlIsa prakRtiyA~ zubha haiM, yA puNya prakRtiyA~ haiN| pApa prakRtiyA~ ___ ato'nytpaapm| (26) The karmas other than these are 914 papa or demeritarious karmas. inake sivA zeSa saba prakRtiyA~ pAparUpa hai| puNya nAmaka karma prakRti ke samUha se anya prakRtiyA~ pApa prakRtiyA~ kahalAtI hai, ve 82 haiN| pA~ca jJAnAvaraNa, nau darzanAvaraNa, 26 mohanIya kI, antarAya kI 518 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pA~ca, narakagati, tiryaJcagati, ekendriya, do indriya, tIna indriya, cAra indriya, ye cAra jAtiyA~, samacaturasra saMsthAna ko chor3akara pA~ca saMsthAna, vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana ko chor3akara pA~ca saMhanana, aprazasta aura prazasta ke bheda se sparzAdi do prakAra ke haiM, unameM aprazasta sparza, aprazasta trasa, aprazasta gaMdha, aprazasta varNa, narakagatyAnupUrvI, tiryaggatyAnupUrvI, upaghAta, aprazasta vihAyogati, sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa zarIra, asthira, azubha, durbhaga, duHsvara, anAdeya, ayazaskIrti, de 34 prakRtiyA~ nAma karma kI tathA narakAyu, asAtA vedanIya aura nIca gotra ye milakara bayAsI (82) pApa prakRtiyA~ haiN| abhyAsa prazna 1. bandha kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? 2. karma bandha kise kahate haiM? 3. karma bandha ke kitane bheda haiM? 4. prakRti bandha ke mUla bheda kitane hai tathA unakI paribhASA likhiye? 5. jJAnAvaraNa karma ke bheda kitane haiM? 6. darzanAvaraNI karma ke bhedoM kI paribhASA likhiye? 7. cAritra mohanIya karma ke uttara bheda ke nAma likho ? ____8. nAmakarma kA varNana karo? 9. ucca gotra evaM nIca gotra kise kahate haiM? 10. antarAya karma ke uttara bheda likho? / 11. karmoM kI utkRSTa sthiti evaM jaghanya sthiti kitanI-2 hai varNana karo? 12. anubhAga bandha kise kahate haiM ? 13. nirjarA kaise hotI hai ? 14. pradeza bandha kA savistAra varNana karo? . 15. puNya prakRtiyA~ kauna-kauna sI hai? 16. pApa prakRtiyA~ kauna-kauna sI haiM ? 519 For Personal & Private Use Only

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The obstruction of influx is stoppage. Asrava kA nirodha karanA saMvara hai| aSTama adhyAya taka jIva, ajIva, Amrava, baMdhatattvoM kA varNana ho cukA hai / isa adhyAya meM saMvara evaM nirjarA tattva kA savistAra se varNana hai / Amrava evaM baMdha tattva saMsAra ke lie kAraNa tathA saMvara aura nirjarA tattva mokSaM ke lie kAraNa hai| adhyAya 9 saMvara aura nirjarA tattva kA varNana STOPPAGE AND SHEDDING OF KARMA saMvara kA lakSaNa AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH / ( 1 ) Asrava ke viparIta tattva saMvara tattva hai| nUtana karma ke Agamana ko Amrava kahate haiM to usake nirodha ko saMvara kahate haiN| yaha saMvara do prakAra kA hai| (1) bhAva saMvara, (2) dravya sNvr| jisa bhAva se saMsAra kA viccheda hotA hai yA dravya saMvara ke lie jo mUla kAraNa hai use bhAva saMvara kahate haiN| isa bhAva saMvara ke dvArA Agata karma paramANuoM kA nirodha ho jAnA dravya saMvara hai| jaise - pAnI meM rahane vAle jahAja meM chidra ho jAne para usa chidra ke mAdhyama se pAnI kA Agamana usa jahAja meM hotA hai| jaba usa chidra ko banda kara diyA jAtA hai taba pAnI AnA ruka jAtA hai| thor3A-thor3A pAnI nikAlane para pAnI kama hotA jAtA hai| pUrNa pAnI nikAla dene se jahAja pAnI ke bhAra se mukta ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra mithyAtva Adi bhAvAtmaka cheda se karmoM kA Agamana honA Amrava hai| AtmA meM karma kA avasthAna honA baMdha hai| mithyAtvAdi Amrava dvAra ko samyaktvAdi bhAvoM se rokanA bhAva saMvara hai / ina bhAvasaMvara se Agata karmoM kA ruka jAnA dravya saMvara hai / tapAdi se eka deza karmoM kA kSaya karanA nirjarA hai / ratnatraya se pUrNa karmoM kA kSaya karanA mokSa hai / dravya saMgraha meM kahA bhI hai 520 cedaNapariNAmo jo kammassAsavaNirohaNe hedU / so bhAvasaMvaro khalu davvAsavarohaNe aNNo / / (34) For Personal & Private Use Only

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jo cetana kA pariNAma karma ke Asrava ko rokane meM kAraNa hai, usako nizcaya se bhAva saMvara kahate haiM aura jo dravyAsrava ko rokane meM kAraNa hai so dUsarA arthAt dravyaMsaMvara hai| mithyAdarzana kI pradhAnatA se jisa karma kA Asrava hotA hai, usakA mithyAdarzana ke abhAva meM zeSa rahe sAsAdana samyak dRSTi Adi meM saMvara hotA hai- vaha karma kauna hai ? mithyAtva, napuMsaka veda, narakAyu, narakagati, ekendriya jAti, dvIndriya jAti, trIndriya jAti, caturindriya jAti, huNDaka saMsthAna, asaMprAptAsapATikA saMhanana, narakagati prAyogyAnupUrvI, Atapa, sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyAptaka aura sAdhAraNa zarIra yaha solaha prakRti rUpa karma hai| asaMyama ke tIna bheda hai:- anaMtAnubaMdhI kA udaya, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA udaya, aura pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA udy| isaliye isake nimitta se jisa karma kA Asrava hotA hai usakA isake abhAva meM saMvara jAnanA caahie| yathAanantAnubandhI kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAlI asaMyama kI mukhyatA se Asrava ko prApta hone vAlI nidrAnidrA, pracalA-pracalA, styAnagRddhi, anaMtAnubaMdhI krodha, anantAnubaMdhI mAna, anaMtAnubaMdhI mAyA, anantAnubaMdhI lobha, strI veda, tiryaMcAyu, tiryaMca gati, madhya ke cAra saMsthAna, madhya ke cAra saMhanana, tiryaMcagatiprAyogyAnupUrvI, udyota, aprazasta vihAyogati-durbhaga, duHsvara, anAdeya aura nIca gotra ina paccIsa prakRtiyoM kA ekendriyoM se lekara sAsAdana samyakdRSTi guNasthAna taka ke jIva bandha karate haiM ataH anantAnubandhI ke udaya se hone vAle asaMyama ke abhAva meM Age inakA saMvara hotA hai| apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle asaMyama kI mukhyatA se Asrava ko prApta hone vAle apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAna, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyA, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa lobha, manuSyAyu, manuSya gati, audArika zarIra, audArika AMgopAGga, vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana aura manuSyagati prAyogyAnupUrvI ina daza prakRtiyoM kA ekendriyoM se lekara asaMyata samyak dRSTi guNasthAna taka ke jIva bandha karate haiN| ata: apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle asaMyama ke abhAva meM Age inakA saMvara hotA hai| pramAda ke nimitta se Asrava ko prApta hone vAle asaMyama ke abhAva meM saMvara hotA hai| jo karma pramAda nimitta se Asrava ko prApta hotA hai, usakA pramatta saMyata guNasthAna ke Age pramAda na rahane ke kAraNa saMvara jAnanA caahie| 521 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vaha karma kauna hai ? asAtAvedanIya, arati, zoka asthira, azubha aura ayaza: kIrti rUpa prakRtiyoM ke bheda se vaha karma chaha prakAra kA hai| devAyu ke bandha kA Arambha pramAda hetuka bhI hotA hai aura usake najadIka kA apramAda hetuka bhI, ata: isakA abhAva hone para Age usakA saMvara jAnanA cAhie, jisa karma kA mAtra kaSAya ke nimitta se Asrava hotA hai, pramAdAdika ke abhAva meM hone vAlA vaha kaSAya tIvra, madhyama aura jaghanya rUpa se tIna guNa sthAnoM meM avasthita hai| unameM se apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna ke prArambhika saMkhyeya bhAga meM nidrA aura pracalA ye do karma prakRtiyA~ bandha ko prApta hotI haiN| isase Age saMkhyeya bhAga meM devagati, paMcendriya jAti, vaikriyika zarIra, AhAraka zarIra, taijasa zarIra, kArmANa zarIra, samucaturasra saMsthAna, vaikriyika zarIra aMgopAMga, AhAraka zarIra aMgopAMga, varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, devagati prAyogyAnUpUrvI, agurulaghu, upaghAta, paraghAta, ucchvAsa, prazasta, vihAyogati, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka zarIra, sthira, zubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya, nirmANa aura tIrthaMkara ye tIsa prakRtiyA~ bandhako prApta hotI haiM tathA isI guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM hAsya, rati, bhaya aura jugupsA ye cAra prakRtiyA~ bandha ko prApta hotI haiN| ye tIvra kaSAya se Amrava ko prApta hone vAlI prakRtiyA~ haiM, isalie tIvra kaSAya kA uttarottara abhAva hone se vivakSita bhAga ke Age unakA saMvara hotA hai| anivRtti bAdara sAmparAya ke prathama samaya se lekara usake saMkhyAta bhAgoM meM puveda aura krodha saMjvalana kA bandha hotA hai| isase Age zeSa rahe saMkhyAta. bhAgoM meM mAna saMjvalana aura mAyA saMjvalana ye do prakRtiyA~ bandha ko prApta hotI haiM aura usI ke antima samaya meM lobha saMjvalana bandha ko prApta hotA hai| ina prakRtiyoM kA madhyama kaSAya ke nimitta se Amrava hotA hai ataeva madhyama kaSAya kA uttarottara abhAva hone para vivakSita bhAga ke Age unakA saMvara hotA hai| manda kaSAya ke nimitta se Asrava ko prApta hone vAlI pAMca jJAnAvaraNa, cAra darzanAvaraNa, yaza: kIrti, uccagotra aura pA~ca antarAya ina solaha prakRtiyoM kA sUkSmasAmyarAya jIva bandha karatA hai, ataH manda kaSAya kA abhAva hone se Age inakA saMvara hotA hai| kevala yoga ke nimitta se Amrava ko prApta hone vAlI asAtA vedanIya kA upazAnta kaSAya, kSINakaSAya aura saMyoga kevalI jIvoM ke bandha hotA hai| yoga kA abhAva ho jAne se 522 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ayogakevalI ke usakA saMvara hotA hai| paMcAstikAya meM kunda kunda deva ne kahA bhI haiM iMdiyakasAyasaNNA NiggahidA jehiM suThu maggammi / jAvattAvatte hiM pihiyaM pAvAsavacchidaM / / (141) mArga vAstava meM saMvara hai, usake nimitta se ( usake hetu se ) indriyoM, kaSAyoM tathA saMjJAoM kA jitane aMza meM athavA jitane kAla nigraha kiyA jAtA hai utane aMza meM athavA utane kAla pApAsrava kA dvAra banda hotA hai / jassa Na vijjadi rAgo doso moho va savvadavvesu / NAsavadi suhaM asuhaM samasuhadukkhassa bhikkhussa / / (142) jise samagra para dravyoM ke prati rAgarUpa, dveSarUpa yA moharUpa bhAva nahIM hai, usa bhikSu ko - jo ki nirvikAra caitanyapane ke kAraNa samasukha duHkha hai use zubha aura azubha karma kA Asrava nahIM hotA, kintu saMvara hI hotA hai| isaliye yahAM (aisA samajhanA ki) moha rAga, dveSa pariNAma kA nirodha so bhAvasaMvara hai, aura vaha jisakA nimitta hai aisA jo yogadvArA praviSTa honevAle pudgaloM zubhAzubha karma pariNAma kA nirodha so dravyasaMvara hai / sajadA khalu puNaM joge pAvaM ca Natthi viradassa / saMvaraNaM tassa tadA suhAsuhakadassa kammassa ||143 // jisa yogI ko, (ayoga kevalI) virata arthAt sarvathA nivRtta vartate hue, yoga meM-vacana, mana aura kAyasambandhI kriyA meM zubhapariNAmarUpa puNya aura azubha pariNAmarUpa pApa jaba nahIM hote, taba use zubhAzubhabhAvakRta dravyakarma kA svakAraNa ke abhAva ke kAraNa, saMvara hotA hai| isaliye yahAM zubhAzubha pariNAma kA nirodharUpa bhAvapuNya pApasaMvara, dravya puNyapApasaMvara kA pradhAna hetu avadhAranA ( samajhanA ) cAhiye / saMvara ke kAraNa saguptisamitidharmAnuprekSApariSahajayacAritrai: / (2) Stoppage (is effected) by control, carefulness, virtue, contemplation conquest by endurance and conduct. It is produced by For Personal & Private Use Only 523

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3 Kinds of TfH, perservation, control. 5 Kinds of samiti, carefulness. 10 Kinds of Erf, observances, virtue. 12 Kinds of 31 de Meditation, contemplation. 22 Kinds of ufus TRT Subdual of sufferings or conquest by endurance. 5 Kinds of alfel conduct. vaha saMvara, gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSahajaya aura cAritra se hotA hai| gupti :- saMsAra ke kAraNoM se AtmA ke gopana vA rakSaNa ko gupti kahate haiN| .. samiti :- dUsare prANiyoM kI rakSA kI bhAvanA se samyak pravRti karane ko samiti kahate haiN| dharma :- iSTa sthAna meM jo dharatA hai, vaha dharma hai| jo AtmA ko narendra, surendra, munIndra Adi sthAnoM meM dharatA hai, vaha dharma hai| anuprekSA :- zarIrAdi ke svabhAva kA bAra-bAra ciMtana karanA anuprekSA hai| pariSahajaya :- parISaha kA jItanA parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| '' cAritra :- jo AcaraNa kiyA jAya, vaha cAritra hai| ___gupti, samiti Adi ke dvArA karmoM kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai| ata: gupti Adi saMvara se pRthak siddha hote haiM, gupti Adi kAraNa hai aura saMvara kArya hai| inameM kArya-kAraNa bheda bhI hai, kyoMki gupti Adi ke dvArA saMvara hotA hai| dravya saMgrahaH meM kahA hai vadasamidIguttIoM dhammANapehA parIsahajao y| cArittaM bahubheyA NAyavvA bhaavsNvrvisesaa|(35) pA~ca vrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, daza dharma, bAraha anuprekSA, bAIsa parISahoM kA jaya tathA aneka prakAra kA cAritra isa prakAra ye saba bhAva saMvara ke bheda jAnane caahiye| 524 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nirjarA aura saMvara kA kAraNa tapasA nirjarA c| (3) By penance (austerity) dissociation also. By austerities is caused shedding of Karmic matter and (also stoppage of inflow). tapa se saMvara aura nirjarA hotI hai| yadyapi tapa dasa dharmoM meM antarbhUta hai phira bhI vizeSa rUpa se nirjarA kA kAraNa batAne ke lie arthAt tapa bhI nirjarA kA kAraNa hai, isa bAta ko rUpAyita karane ke lie tapa kA pRthak grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ___ athavA, sarva saMvara ke hetuoM meM tapa hI pradhAna hetu hai isakA jJAna karAne ke lie tapa ko pRthak grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ___saMvaranimitta ke samuccaya ke liye 'ca' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'ca' zabda tapa saMvara kA hetu bhI hotA hai| isa saMvarahetutA kA samuccaya karatA hai, kyoMki tapa ke dvArA nUtana karma bandha rUkakara pUrvopArjita karmoM kA kSaya bhI hotA hai| ata: tapa avipAka nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| arthAt tapa se avipAka nirjarA hotI hai isa prakAra tapa ke jAtIyatva hone se dhyAnoM ke bhI nirjarA kA kAraNatva prasiddha hai| prazna- tapa nirjarA kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki tapa ko to devendrAdi ke abhyudaya sthAna kI prApti kA kAraNa kahA hai ? uttara- aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki eka hI kAraNa se aneka kArya hote haiM arthAt eka hI kAraNa se aneka kAryoM kA Arambha-prArambha dekhA jAtA hai| jaise, eka hI agni pAka, vikledana aura bhasma karanA Adi aneka kArya karatI hai vaise hI tapa abhyudaya kA vidhAna aura karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai, isameM kyA virodha hai ? arthAt tapa se sAMsArika abhyudaya aura mukti donoM prApta hote haiM, isameM koI virodha nahI hai| kisAna kI khetI ke samAna gauNa aura pradhAnatA se phala kI prApti hotI hai athavA jaise kisAna mukhya rUpa se dhAnya ke lie khetI karatA hai, gauNa 525 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #541
rUpa se palAla (ghAsa) to use anAyAsa prApta ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra munirAja kI tapakriyA meM pradhAna phala mokSa hai| arthAt gauNatA se tapa kA phala kisAna ke ghAsa kI prApti ke samAna abhyudaya kI prApti hai vaha AnuSaGgika hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| dravya saMgrahaH meM kahA bhI haiM jaha kAleNa taveNa ya bhuttarasaM kammapuggalaM jenn| bhAveNa saDadi NeyA tassaDaNaM cedi NijjarA duvihaa|(36) jisa AtmA ke pariNAmarUpa bhAva se karmarUpI pudgala phala dekara naSTa. . hote haiM vaha to bhAva nirjarA hai aura savipAka nirjarA kI apekSA se yathAkAla arthAt kAlalabdhirUpa kAlase tathA avipAka nirjarA kI apekSA se tapa se jo karmarUpa pudgaloM kA naSTa honA hai so dravya nirjarA hai| paMcAstikAya prAbhRta meM kahA gayA hai saMvarajogehiM judo tavehiM jo ciTThade bhuvihehi| kammANa NijjaraNaM bahugANaM kuNadi so nniydN|(144) nirmala AtmA ke anubhava ke bala se zubha tathA azubha bhAvoM kA rUkanA saMvara hai| nirvikalpa lakSaNamayI dhyAna zabda se kahane yogya jo zuddhopayoga hai so yoga hai| zuddhAtmAnubhava ke sahakArI kAraNa bAhya cha: prakAra ke tapa-anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana va kAyakleza haiM tathA prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna ye cha: tapasvAbhAvika zuddha apane AtmA ke svarUpa meM tapane rUpa abhyaMtara tapa haiN| jo sAdhu saMvara aura yoga se yukta ho bAraha prakAra tapa kA abhyAsa karatA hai| vaha bahuta se karmoM kI nirjarA avazya kara detA hai| yahA~ yaha bhAva hai ki, bAraha prakAra tapa ke dvArA vRddhi ko prApta jo vItarAga paramAnandamayI eka zuddhopayoga so bhAva nirjarA hai| yahI bhAva dravyakarmoM ko jar3amUla se ukhADane ko samartha hai| isa zuddhopayoga ke bala se pUrva meM bAMdhe hue karma pudgaloM kA rasa rahita hokara saMvara pUrvaka eka deza jhar3a jAnA so dravya nirjarA hai| 526 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #542
jo saMvareNa jutto appaTTapasAdhago hi appaannN| ___ muNiUNa jhAdi NiyadaM NANaM so saMdhuNodi kammarayaM / (145) jo koI zubha va azubha rAgAdirUpa Amrava bhAvoM ko rokatA huA saMvara bhAva se yukta hai tathA tyAgane yogya va grahaNa karane yogya tattva ko samajhakara anya prayojanoM se apane ko haTAkara zuddhAtmAnubhava rUpa kevala apane kArya ko sAdhane vAlA hai va jo sarva AtmA ke pradezoM meM nirvikAra nitya, AnandamayI eka AkAra meM pariNamana karate hue AtmA ko rAgAdi vibhAva bhAvoM se rahita svasaMvedana jJAna ke dvArA jAnakara nizcala AtmA kI prAptirUpa nirvikalparUpa dhyAna se nizcaya se guNa-guNI ke abheda se vizeSa bhedajJAna meM pariNamanasvarUpa jJAnamaI AtmA ko dhyAtA hai so paramAtmadhyAnakA dhyAnevAlA karmarUpa raja kI nirjarA karatA hai| vAstava meM dhyAna hI nirjarA kA kAraNa hai aisA isa sUtra meM vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai yaha tAtparya hai| jassa Na vijjadi rAgo doso moho va jogprikmmo| tassa suhAsuhaDahaNo jhANamao jAyae agnnii|(146) zuddha svarUpa meM avicalita caitanyapariNati so yathArtha dhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ke pragaTa hone kI vidhi aba kahI jAtI hai jaba vAstava meM yogI, darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya kA vipAka pudgala karma hone se usa vipAka ko (apane se bhinna aise acetana) karmoM meM saMkucita kare, tadanusAra pariNati se upayoga ko vyAvRta karake (usa vipAka ke anurUpa pariNamana meM se upayoga kA nivartana karake) mohI, rAgI aura dveSI na hone vAle aise usa upayoga kA atyanta zuddha AtmA meM hI niSkaMparUpa se lIna karatA hai, taba usa yogI ko jo ki apane niSkriya caitanyarUpa svarUpa meM vizrAMta hai, vacana-mana-kAya ko nahIM bhAtA (anubhava karatA) aura svakarmoM meM vyApAra nahIM karAtA use-sakala zubhAzubha karmarUpa IMdhana ko jalAne meM samartha hone se agnisamAna aisA, paramapuruSArtha kI siddhi kA upAya bhUta dhyAna pragaTa hotA hai| 527 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #543
Curbing activity well is control. nigrahaover mind mana, speech vacana and body kAya / gupti kA lakSaNa samyagyoganigraho gupti: / (4) yogoM kA samyag prakAra nigraha karanA gupti hai / usa mana-vacana, kAya ko yatheccha vicaraNa se rokA jAtA hai, usako nigraha kahA jAtA hai| mana, vacana - kAya rUpa yoga kA nigraha yoganigraha kahA jAtA hai| Prevention is proper control isakA 'samyag ' yaha vizeSaNa satkAra, lokapaMkti Adi AkAMkSAoM kI nivRtti ke liye hai| pUjA purassara kriyA satkAra kahalAtI hai, 'yaha saMyata mahAn hai' aisI lokaprasiddhi lokapaMkti hai / isa prakAra aura bhI ihalaukika phala kI AkAMkSA Adi kA uddezya na lekara tathA pAralaukika sukha kI AkAMkSA na karake kiyA gayA yoga kA nigraha gupti kahalAtA hai| usakA jJAna karAne ke liye samyag vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| + isaliye kAyAdi ke nirodha hone se tad nimittaka karmoM ke rUpa jAne gupti Adi meM saMvara kI prasiddhi hai hI arthAt samyagvizeSaNa viziSTa, saMkleza pariNAmoM ke prAdurbhAva se rahita kAyAdiyogoM kA samyak prakAra nirodha ho jAne para kAya -vacana-mana rUpa yoga ke nimitta se hone vAle, Ane vAle karmoM kA Amrava rUka jAnA hI saMvara hai, karmoM kA rUka jAnA hI saMvara hai, aisA jAnanA caahiye| gupti tIna prakAra kI hai- manogupti, vacanagupti aura kAyagupti | isameM ayatnAcArI ke binA dekhe, binA zodhe bhUmi pradeza para ghUmanA, dUsarI vastu rakhanA, uThAnA, zayana karanA, baiThanA Adi zArIrika kriyAoM ke nimitta se jo karma Ate haiM, vA kAyika nimitta jina karmoM kA arjana hotA hai, una karmoM kA Amrava kAyayoga kA nigraha karane vAle apramatta guNasthAnavartI saMyamI ke nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra vAcanika asaMvarI - saMvararahita asat pralApI jIva ke apriya vacanAdi kA hetuka (apriya vacana bolane Adi se) jo vAcanika vyApAra nimittaka karma Ate haiM, vacanoM kA vigraha karane vAle vacanayogI ke 528 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #544
una karmoM kA Astrava nahIM hotaa| jo rAgadveSAdi se abhibhUta prANI ke atIta, anAgata viSayAbhilASA Adi se manovyApAra nimittaka karma Ate haiM, ve karma manonigrahI ke nahIM Ate, ataH yoganigraha (yoga kA nirodha) ho jAne para tatsambandhI karma kabhI nahIM Ate arthAt una karmoM kA saMvara ho jAtA hai| ataH yoganigrahI ke saMvara siddha hai| samiti ke bheda IryAbhASaiSaNAdAnanikSepotsargAH samitaya: / (5) Walking, speech, eating, lifting and laying down and depositing waste products constitute the fivefold regulation of activities. samiti - Carefulness in to take. samyakryAsamiti - Proper care in walking. samyaka bhASAsamiti - Proper care in speaking. samyak eSaNAsamiti - Proper care in eating. samyakAdAnanikSepa samiti samyak utsarga samiti - Proper care in excreting. IrSyA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAnanikSepa aura utsarga ye pA~ca samitiyA~ haiN| (1) IryAsamiti - Proper care in lifting and laying. phAsuyamaggeNa divA juMgatarappehiNA jaMtUNi pariharaMteNiriyAsamidI have sakajjeNa / prayojana ke nimitta cAra hAtha Age jamIna dekhanevAle sAdhu ke dvArA divasa meM jIvoM kI rakSAkarate huye gamana karanA IryA samiti hai / - gaNaM // ( 11 ) mUlAcAra bhAga-1 'pragatA asavo yasmin'- nikala gaye haiM prANI jisameM se use prAsuka kahate haiN| aisA prAsuka - niravadya mArga hai / usa prAsuka mArga se arthAt hAthI, gadhA, U~Ta, gAya, bhaiMsa aura manuSyoM ke samudAya ke gamana se upamardita huA jo mArga hai usa mArga se divasa meM sUrya ke udita ho jAne para, cakSu se vastu spaSTa dikhane para cAra hAtha Age jamIna ko dekhate hue arthAt acchI 529 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #545
taraha ekAgracittapUrvaka paira rakhane ke sthAna kA avalokana karate hue sakArya arthAt zAstrazravaNa, tIrthayAtrA, gurudarzana Adi prayojana se, ekendriya Adi jantuoM kI virAdhanA na karate hue jo gamana karanA hotA hai vaha IryAsamiti hai| isase yaha bhI samajhanA ki dharmakArya ke binA sAdhu ko nahIM calanA caahie| . tAtparya yaha hai ki, dharmakArya ke nimitta cAra hAtha Age dekhate hue sAdhu ke dvArA divasa meM prAsuka mArga se jo gamana kiyA jAtA hai vaha IryAsamiti kahalAtI hai| athavA sAdhu kA jIvoM kI virAdhanA na karate hue jo gamana hai vaha IryAsamiti hai| (2) bhASA samiti pesunnnnhaaskkksprnniNdaapppsNsvikhaadii| vajjittA saparahiyaM bhAsAsamidI have khnnN||(12) cugalI, ha~sI, kaThoratA, paranindA, apanI prazaMsA aura vikathA Adi ko chor3akara apane aura para ke lie hitarUpa bolanA bhASA samiti hai| pizuna-cugalI ke bhAva ko paizunya kahate haiM - arthAt nirdoSa ke doSoM kA udbhAvana karanA, nirdoSa ko doSa lgaanaa| hAsya karma ke udaya se adharma ke lie harSa honA hAsya hai| kAna ke lie kaThora, kAma aura yuddha ke pravartaka vacana karkaza haiN| para ke sacce athavA jhUThe doSoM ko pragaTa karane kI icchA kA honA athavA anya ke guNoM ko sahana nahIM kara sakatA yaha para nindA hai| apanI prazaMsA-stuti karanA arthAt apane guNoM ko prakaTa karane kA abhiprAya rakhanA aura strIkathA, bhaktakathA, corakathA aura rAjakathA Adi ko kahanA vikathAdi haiN| ina cugalI Adi ke vacanoM ko chor3akara apane aura para ke lie sukhakara arthAt karmabandha ke kAraNoM se rahita vacana bolanA bhASA samiti hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki paizunya, hAsya, karkaza, paranindA, Atma prazaMsA aura vikathA Adi ko chor3akara sva aura para ke lie hitakara jo kathana karanA hai vaha bhASA samiti hai| 530 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #546
(3) eSaNAsamiti chAdAladosasuddhaM kAraNajuttaM visuddhnnvkoddii| sIdAdIsamabhuttI parituddhA esnnaasmidi||(23) chayAlIsa doSoM se rahita zuddha, kAraNa se sahita, nava-koTi se vizuddha aura zIta-uSNa Adi meM samAna bhAva se bhojana karanA yaha sampUrNatayA nirdoSa eSaNA samiti hai| udgama, utpAdana, eSaNA Adi chayAlIsa doSoM se zuddha AhAra nirdoSa kahalAtA hai| asAtA ke udaya se utpanna huI bhUkha ke pratIkAra hetu aura vaiyAvRtya Adi ke nimitta kiyA gayA AhAra kAraNa yukta hotA hai| mana, vacana, kAya ko kRta, kArita-anumodanA se guNita karane para nava hote haiN| ina nava-koTi vikalpoM se rahita AhAra nava-koTi-vizuddha hai| ThaNDA, garma, lavaNa se sarasa yA virasa athavA rUkSa Adi bhojana meM samAna bhAva arthAt zIta uSNa Adi bhojya vastuoM meM rAga dveSa rahita honA, isa prakAra saba tarapha se nirmala nirdoSa AhAra grahaNa karanA aiSaNA samiti hotI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki chiyAlIsa doSa rahita jo AhAra grahaNa kA hai jo ki kAraNa sahita hai aura mana-vacana-kAya pUrvaka kRta kArita anumodanA se rahita tathA zItAdi meM samatA bhAvarUpa hai, vaha sAdhu ke nirmala eSaNA samiti hotI hai| (4) AdAna-nikSepaNa samiti NANuvahi saMjamavahiM saucvahiM aNNamappamuvahiM vaa| payadaM . gahaNikkhevosamidi aadaannnnikkhevaa|(34) . . ' jJAna kA upakaraNa, saMyama kA upakaraNa, zauca kA upakaraNa athavA anya bhI upakaraNa ko prayatna pUrvaka grahaNa karanA aura rakhanA AdAna nikSepaNa samiti hai| jJAna-zrutajJAna ke, upadhi-upakaraNa arthAt jJAna ke nimitta pustaka Adi jJAnopadhi haiN| pApakriyA se nivRtti lakSaNa vAle saMyama ke upakaraNa arthAt prANiyoM kI dayA ke nimitta picchikA Adi saMyamopadhi haiN| mala Adi ke dUra karane ke upakaraNa arthAt mala mUtrAdi prakSAlana ke nimitta kamaNDalu Adi dravya zaucopadhi haiN| anya bhI upadhi kA artha hai saMstara Adi upkrnn| arthAt ghAsa, pATA, 531 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #547
Adi vstueN| ina saba upakaraNoM ko prayatna pUrvaka arthAt upayoga sthira karake sAvadhAnI pUrvaka grahaNa karanA tathA dekha, zodhakara hI rakhanA yaha AdAna nikSepaNa samiti hai| yahA~ gAthA meM 'upadhi' zabda meM dvitIyA vibhakti hai kintu prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke bala se yahA~ para SaSThI vibhakti kA artha lenA caahie| tAtparya yaha huA ki jJAnopakaraNa, saMyamopakaraNa, zaucopakaraNa tathA anya bhI upadhi (vastuoM) kA sAvadhAnI pUrvaka picchikA se pratilekhana karake jo uThAnA aura dharanA hai vaha AdAnanikSepaNa samiti hai| (5) pratiSThApana samiti egate ancitte dUre gUDhe visaalmvirohe| uccArAdiccAo padiThAvaNiyA have smidi||(15) ekAnta, jIva jantu rahita, dUra sthita, maryAdita, vistIrNa, aura virodha rahita sthAna meM mala mUtrAdi kA tyAga karanA pratiSThApanA samiti hai| jahA~ para asaMyata janoM kA gamanAgamana nahIM hai, aise vijana sthAna ko ekAnta kahate haiN| haritakAya aura trasakAya Adi se rahita jale huye athavA jale ke samAna aise sthaNDila-khule maidAna ko acitta kahA hai| grAma Adi se dUra sthAna ko yahA~ dUra zabda se sUcita kiyA hai| saMvRtta-maryAdA sahita sthAna arthAt jahA~ logoM kI dRSTi nahIM par3a sakatI aise sthAna ko gUr3ha kahate haiN| vistIrNa yA vilAdi se rahita sthAna vizAla kahA gayA hai aura jahA~ para logoM kA virodha nahIM hai vaha avirUddha sthAna hai| aise sthAna meM zarIra ke mala mUtrAdi kA tyAga karanA pratiSThApanA nAma kI samiti hai| tAtparya yaha huA ki ekAnta, acitta, dUra, gUDha, vizAla aura virodha rahita pradezoM meM sAvadhAnI pUrvaka jo mala Adi kA tyAga karanA hai vaha mala-mUtra visarjana ke rUpa meM pratiSThApana samiti hotI hai| ye samitiyA~ paryAvaraNa-zuddha ke liye kAraNa bhUta bhI haiN| daza dharma uttamakSamAmArdavArjavazaucasatyasaMyamatapastyAgAkiMcanyabrahmacaryANi dhrmH| Suprime forbearance, modesty, straigtforwardness, purity, 532 For Personal & Private Use Only

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truthfulness, self restraint, austerity, renunciation, non-attachment and celibacy constitute virtue or duty. The dazalAkSaNIdharma, 10 observances are constitute virtue are: uttama kSamA Forgiveness or supreme forlearnace. uttama mArdava Humility or modesty. uttama Arjava Straight-forwardness, honesty. uttama zauca Contentment or purity. uttama satya Truth or truthfulness. uttama saMyama Restraint uttama tapa Ausrerities. . uttama tyAga Renunciation. 3914 Bifchwert Not taking the non-self for one's own self and uttama brahmacarya Chastitv, all of the highest degree. uttama kSamA, uttama mArdava, uttama Arjava, uttama zauca, uttama satya, uttama saMyama, uttama tapa, uttama tyAga, uttama AkiMcanya aura uttama brahmacarya yaha dasa prakAra kA dharma hai| (1) uttama kSamA-krodha kI utpatti ke nimittabhUta asahya AkrozAdi ke sambhava hone para bhI kAluSya bhAva kA nahIM honA kSamA hai| zarIra-yAtrA ke lie para-ghara meM bhikSA ke lie bhramaNa karate hue bhikSu ko duSTajanoM ke dvArA kRta Akroza (gAlI), ha~sI, avajJA, tADana, zarIracchedana Adi krodha asahya nimitta milane para bhI kaluSatA kA na honA uttama kSamA hai| ina uttama kSamA Adi sarva dharmoM meM svaguNa-prApti aura pratipakSI doSa kI nivRtti kI bhAvanA kI jAtI hai| ata: ye dasa dharma saMvara ke kAraNa haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| jaise-vrata-zIla kA rakSaNa, ihaloka aura paraloka meM duHkha nahIM honA, sarva jagat meM sanmAna aura satkAra prApta honA Adi kSamA ke guNa haiN| dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa puruSArtha kA nAza karanA kSamA dharma ke pratipakSI krodha ke doSa haiN| arthAt kSamA ke kAraNa vrata-zIlAdi kA rakSaNa, sanmAna-satkAra 533 For Personal & Private Use Only

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Adi kI prApti hotI hai aura krodha se dharmAdi sarva guNoM kA nAza hotA hai, aisA ciMtana karake kSamA dhAraNa karanI caahiye| athavA para (dUsare) ke dvArA prayukta gAlI Adi krodha nimitta kA apanI AtmA meM bhAvAbhAva kA ciMtana karanA cAhie ki ye doSa mujha meM vidyamAna hai hI yaha kyA mithyA kahatA hai? aisA vicAra karake gAlI dene vAle ko kSamA karanA cAhiye (yaha bhAva ciMtana hai)| yadi yaha doSa apane meM nahIM hai to yaha doSa mujhameM nahIM hai, ajJAna ke kAraNa yaha becArA aisA kahatA hai isa prakAra abhAva kA cintana karake kSamA karanA caahiye| athavA gAlI vA Akroza vacana kahane vAle ke bAla (mUrkha) svabhAva kA cintana karanA caahiye| parokSa, pratyakSa, Akroza, tADana-mAraNa, dharmabhraMza Adi kA uttarottara rakSArtha vicAra karanA caahiye| jaise-koI bAlaka (mUrkha) parokSa meM gAlI detA hai, kaTu vacana kahatA hai to bAlaka para kSamA hI karanI caahiye| socanA cAhie ki mUkhoM kA yaha svabhAva hI hai| bhAgyavaza yaha mujhe parokSa (pITha pIche) ho gAlIdetA hai, pratyakSa to nhiiN| mUrkha to mu~ha para gAlI dete haiN| ata: lAbha hI hai aisA mAnanA caahie| yadi mUrkha pratyakSa gAlI detA hai to socanA cAhie ki vaha bhAgyavaza mujhe gAlI hI detA hai, mAratA to nahIM, aisA vicAra kara kSamA karanA caahie| vA gAlI denA bAlakoM kA svabhAva hI hai, merA to isameM lAbha hI hai, aisA mAnanA cAhie ki mUrkha to mArate bhI haiN| yadi mUrkha mAratA hai to vicAranA cAhiye ki bhAgyavaza yaha mujhe mAratA hI hai, prANa to nahIM letA hai, prANoM se rahita to nahIM karatA hai, mUrkha to prANa bhI lete haiM, yaha to mujhe lAbha hI hai, aisA mAnanA caahie| prANa le lene para bhI kSamA hI karanA caahiye| vicAra karanA cAhiye ki bhAgyavaza yaha mujhako mAratA hI hai, mere prANa hI letA hai, merA dharma to naSTa nahIM krtaa| isa prakAra bAla svabhAva ke cintana dvArA citta meM kSamA bhAva ko puSTa karanA cAhie athavA socanA cAhie ki yaha merA hI aparAdha hai jo maiMne pUrva meM mahAn duSkarma kiye the, usake phalasvarUpa mujhe ye gAlI-kuvacana sunane par3a rahe haiN| yaha gAlI dene vAlA to isame nimittamAtra hai, isameM mUla kAraNa to merA pUrvopArjita karma hI hai aisA vicAra karake sahana karanA caahie| 534 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(2) uttama mArdava dharma- jAti Adi mada ke Aveza se abhimAna kA abhAva honA mArdava hai| uttama jAti, kula, rUpa, vijJAna, aizvarya, zruta, lAbha aura vIrya kI zakti se yukta hone para bhI tatkRta mada kA abhAva honA tathA dUsaroM ke dvArA paribhava ke nimitta upasthita kiye jAne para bhI abhimAna nahIM honA uttama mArdava dharma kahalAtA hai| nirabhimAnI aura mArdava guNoM se yukta vyakti para guruoM kA anugraha hotA hai, sAdhujana bhI use sAdhu mAnate haiM, gurujanoM ke anugraha se vaha samyagjJAnAdi kA pAtra hotA hai| arthAt nirabhimAnI ko guruoM ke anugraha se samyagjJAnAdi kI prApti hotI hai aura usase svarga tathA mokSaphala kI prApti hotI hai| mAna kaSAya se malina citta meM vrata-zIlAdi guNa nahIM raha sakate haiM aura mAnI ko sAdhujana chor3a dete haiN| sarva vipadAoM kI jar3a ahaMkAra bhAva hai| (3) uttama Arjava dharma- yoga kI saralatA Arjava hai| mana, vacana, kAya lakSaNa yoga kI saralatA vA mana, vacana, kAya kI kuTilatA kA abhAva uttama Arjava hai| sarala hRdaya meM guNoM kA vAsa hotA hai, guNa mAyAcAra kA Azraya nahIM lete| arthAt mAyAcArI meM guNoM kA vAsa nahIM hotaa| mAyAcAra se nindanIya tiryaMcAdi gati prApta hotI hai| (4) uttama zauca dharma-prakarSatA ko, prApta lobha kI nivRtti zauca hai| Atyantika lobha kI nivRtti zauca hai| vA zuci kA (pavitratA kA) bhAva vA karma uttama zauca hai| ... zuci AcAra vAle nirlobha vyakti kA isa loka meM sarva loga sammAna karate haiN| vizvAsa Adi usakA Azraya lete haiN| arthAt nirlobha vyakti kA sarva jana vizvAsa karate haiN| lobha se AkrAnta hRdaya meM guNa nahIM rahate haiM, lobhI isa loka (bhava) meM acintya duHkha aura paraloka meM durgati ko prApta hotA hai| arthAt iha, paraloka meM lobhI aneka duHkha bhogatA hai| jIvita, Arogya, indriya aura upabhoga ke bheda se lobha cAra prakAra kA hai| arthAt jIvita lAbha, Arogya lobha, indriya lobha aura upayoga lobha ke 535 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bheda se lobha cAra prakAra kA hai| sva para viSaya ke bheda se pratyeka lobha do prakAra kA hai| jaise- svajIvana lobha, para- jIvana lobha, sva-Arogya lobha, para Arogya lobha, sva indriya lobha, para indriya lobha, aura sva-upabhoga lobha, para upabhoga lobha / apane jIvana, indriya, viSaya, Arogya aura upabhoga sAmagrI kI kAMkSA rUpa cAra prakAra ke lobha kI nivRtti lakSaNa vAlA zaucadharma bhI mukhyatA se cAra prakAra kA hai| zuci AcAra vAle nirlobha vyakti kA isa loka meM sarva loga sammAna karate haiN| vizvAsa Adi usakA Azraya lete haiM / arthAt nirlobha vyakti kA sarvajana vizvAsa karate haiM / lobha se AkrAnta hRdaya meM guNa nahIM rahate haiM, lobhI M isa loka (bhava) meM acintya duHkha aura paraloka meM durgati ko prApta hotA hai| arthAt ihaparaloka meM lobhI aneka duHkha bhogatA hai| 5. uttama satya:- sat janoM ke sAtha sAdhu vacana bolanA satya hai| sat prazaMsanIya manuSyoM ke sAtha prazaMsanIya vacana bolanA uttama satya kahalAtA hai| vaha satya dasa prakAra kA hai| bhASA samiti meM satya dharma kA antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki bhASA samiti meM saMyata sAdhu (sAdharmI) asAdhu ( vidharmI) ke sAtha bhASA kA vyavahAra karate samaya hita aura mita vacana bolatA hai| yadi sAdhu - asAdhu meM hita, mita vacanoM kA prayoga na kare to rAga aura anarthadaNDa Adi doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai, aisA samiti kA lakSaNa kahA hai, parantu satya dharma meM apane sahadharmI sAdhuoM yA bhaktoM ke sAtha dharmavRddhi ke nimitta yA jJAna, cAritra ke zikSaNa Adi ke lie prazaMsanIya bahuta bolanA svIkRta hai arthAt satya dharma vAlA apane sahadharmiyoM ke sAtha dharmavRddhi ke nimitta adhika bhI bola sakatA hai| (6) uttama saMyama:- bhASAdi kI nivRtti saMyama nahIM hai, kyoMki bhASA Adi kI nivRtti kA gupti meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| gupti nivRtti rUpa hai isaliye nivRtti rUpa guptiyoM meM bhASAdi kI nivRtti kA antarbhAva ho jAne se saMyama kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| samitiyoM meM pravRtti karane vAle ke prANI aura indriyoM kA parihAra saMyama hai| IryA samiti Adi meM pravRtti karane vAle muni ke jo samitiyoM kI pratipAlanA 536 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karane ke lie prANiyoM kI pIr3A kA parihAra hai aura indriya ke viSayoM se virakta honA hai, use saMyama kahate haiN| yaha saMyama prANisaMyama aura indriya saMyama kI apekSA do prakAra hai| (1) prANi saMyama:- ekendriyAdi prANiyoM kI pIr3A kA parihAra karanA, ekendriyAdi jIvoM kA vadha nahIM karanA prANI saMyama hai| (2) indriya saMyama:- zabdAdi ke viSayoM meM rAga nahIM karanA, ati Asakti nahIM rakhanA, indriya viSayoM kA tyAga karanA indriya saMyama hai| yaha saMyama AtmA kA hita karane vAlA hai| saMyamI mAnava isa loka meM pUjita hotA hai, paraloka kI to bAta hI kyA ? arthAt saMyamI para loka meM mahAna banatA hI hai| asaMyamI jana nirantara hiMsAdi pApoM meM tathA paMcendriya viSaya meM pravRtti karake azubha karmoM kA saMcaya karate haiN| jisase iha loka aura paraloka meM duHkhI hote haiN| (7) uttama tapa:- karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie jo tapA jAtA hai, vaha tapa kahA jAtA hai| tapa sarva arthoM kA sAdhana hai| tapa se sarva kAryoM kI siddhi hotI hai| tapa se hI aNimA, mahimA Adi sarva RddhiyoM kI prApti hotI hai| tapasviyoM kI caraNa-raMja se pavitra sthAna loka meM tIrthatA ko prApta ho jAte haiN| jisake tapa nahIM hai, vaha tRNa se bhI laghu kahalAtA hai| tapahIna mAnava ghAsa-phUsa se bhI hIna hai| tapobala se hIna mAnava ko guNa chor3a dete haiM, usake hRdaya meM guNoM kA vAsa nahIM rahatA tathA vaha saMsAravAsa se nahIM chUTa sktaa| sadA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| (8) uttama tyAgaH- parigraha kI nivRtti ko tyAga kahate haiN| sacetana-hAthI, ghor3A, strI, naukara Adi aura acetana-dhana-dhAnya, sonA, cAMdI Adi parigraha kI nivRtti ko tyAga kahate haiN| parigraha kA tyAga karanA hI AtmA kA hita (kalyANa) hai| jaise-jaise AtmA parigraha se rahita hotA hai, parigraha kA tyAga karatA hai, vaise-vaise isake kheda (duHkha) ke kAraNa haTa jAte haiN| parigraha kI vyAkulatA rahita mana meM upayoga kI ekAgratA hotI hai aura puNya karma kA saJcaya hotA hai| parigraha kI AzA bar3I balavatI hai aura sarva doSoM kI utpatti kA sthAna hai| jaise-pAnI se samudra kA bar3avAnala zAnta nahIM ho sakatA, usI prakAra saMsArika padArthoM se AzArUpI 537 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bar3avAla tRpta nahIM ho sakatA, zAMta nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa AzA rUpI duSpura gaDDe ko kauna pUrNa kara sakatA hai ( kauna bhara sakatA hai ?) arthAt isakA bharanA bahuta kaThina hai / pratidina jo-jo vastu AzA kI pUrti ke lie AzAga meM DAlI jAtI hai tyoM-tyoM yaha gaDDA vizeSa gaharA hotA jAtA hai| zarIra Adi meM mamatva karane vAle ke saMsAra paribhramaNa sunizcita hai| vaha saMsAra se chUTa nahIM sktaa| (9) uttama AkiJcanya:- 'yaha merA hai' isa prakAra kI abhisandhi kA tyAga karanA AkiJcanya hai / upAtta (janma se eka kSetrAvagAhI) jo zarIra Adi parigraha hai, unameM saMskAra aura rAga Adi kI nivRtti ke lie 'yaha merA hai' isa prakAra ke. abhiprAya kA tyAga karanA AkiJcanya kahalAtA hai| 'jisake vaha kucha nahIM hai' vaha akiJcana hai aura akiJcana ke bhAva karma ko AkiJcanya kahate hai| ( 10 ) uttama brahmacarya :- anubhUta aMganA kA smaraNa, usakI kathA zravaNa, strI saMsakta, zayanAsana, Adi kA tyAga karanA bahmacarya vrata hai| 'maiMne usa kalAguNa vizAradA strI ko bhogA thA' isa prakAra kA cintavana anubhUtAGganAsmaraNa hai| lalanA sambandhi vArtAoM ko rUcipUrvaka sunanA tatkathA zravaNa hai| ratikAlIna gandha dravyoM kI suvAsa se suvAsita aura striyoM se saMzakta zayyA, Asana, sthAna, strI saMsakta zayyAsana hai| ina anubhUtAMganAsmaraNa, strI saMsakta, tatkathA zravaNa, zayyA Asana, sthAna Adi kA tyAga karane se paripUrNa brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana hotA hai| brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana karane vAle mAnavoM ko hiMsAdi doSa sparza nahIM karate haiM arthAt unheM hiMsAdi doSa nahIM lagate haiN| nitya gurukula meM rahane vAle brahmacArI ko sarva guNa rUpI sampadAe~ sahaja prApta ho jAtI haiN| strI vilAsa vibhrama Adi kA zikAra huA prANI pApoM kA bhI zikAra bana jAtA hai| arthAt vanitAoM ke vazIbhUta huA prANI hiMsAdi sarva pApoM meM pravRti karane laga jAtA hai, kyoMki isa loka meM indriyoM kI parAdhInatA hI prANiyoM ko apamAna dAtrI hai ( apamAna, tiraskAra karane vAlI hai) isa prakAra uttama kSamAdi dasa dharmo ke guNoM kA aura ina dharmo ke pratipakSI dhAdi ke doSoM kA vicAra karane para krodhAdi kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai| krodhAdi 538 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kI nivRtti ho jAne para krodhAdi nimitta se hone vAle karmoM kA Amrava ruka jAtA hai aura mahAna saMvara hotA hai| bAraha anuprekSAe~ anityaashrnnsNsaaraiktvaanytvaashucyaashrvsNvrnirjraalokbodhidurlbhdhrmsvaakhyaattvaanucintnmnuprekssaaH|(7) The dvAdazAnuprekSA 12 meditations are: 1. anityAnuprakSA Everything is subject to change or transitory. 2. azaraNAnuprekSA Unprotectiveness, Helplessness. The soul is unprotected from the fruition of karmas, e. g. death etc. 3. saMsArAnuprekSA Transmigration, Mundaneness. Soul moves in the cycle of existences and cannot attain true happiness till he is out of it. . 4. ekatvAnuprekSA Loneliness. I am alone the doer of my actions _and the.enjoyer of the fruits of them. 5. anyatvAnuprekSA Separteness, otherness. The world, my relations and friends, my body and mind, they are all distinct and separate from my real self. 6. azucyAnuprekSA Impurity. The body is impure and dirty Purity is of 2 kinds: of the soul itself and of the body and other things. This last is of 8 kinds. 7. AsravAnuprekSA Inflow. The inflow of karmas is the cause of my mundane existence and it is the product of passions etc. 8. saMvarAnuprekSA Stoppage. The inflow must be stopped. 9. nirjarAnuprekSA Shedding. Karmic matter must shed from or shaken out of the soul. 10. lokAnuprekSA Universe. The nature of the universe and its constituent elements. 539 For Personal & Private Use Only

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11. bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA Rarity of Right path. It is difficult to attain right belief, knowledge and conduct. 12. dharmasvAkhyAtAnuprekSA Nature of Right Path. The true nature of truth i.e. the 3 fold path of real Liberation anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Amrava, saMvara, nirjarA, loka, bodhidurlabha aura dharmasvAkhyAta kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA anuprekSA hai| 'anucintyate iti anucintana', 'anuprekSate iti anuprekSA' arthAt vastu svarUpa kA, satya svarUpa kA, sva-para svarUpa kA, athavA . anityAdi svabhAvoM kA cintavana karanA, prekSaNa karanA, anuprekSA hai| anAdi kAla se ye jIva sva-svarUpa se, satya svarUpa se vimukha hokara mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna, mithyAcAritrarUpa pariNamana karake sva vastu ko para vastu evaM para vastu ko sva vastu mAnatA huA tathA kAma bhoga viSaya meM lipta hotA huA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| isalie satya evaM sva dravya se aparicita evaM asatya, paradravya meM racApaMcA hai| kunda-kunda deva ne kahA bhI hai sudaparicidANu bhUyA savvassa vi kaambhogbndhkhaa| eyattassuvalaMbho Navari Na sulaho vihttss||(4) . (samayapAhui) kAmabhoga (viSayabhoga) baMdha kI kathA, vikathA ko yaha jIva anAdi kAla se anaMtabAra sunA paricita kiyA evaM anubhUta kiyA hai isaliye yaha saba viSaya vAsanA atyaMta sulabha hai| isaliye anAdi kAla se jIva kI pravRtti sahaja sarala rUpa se bAhya dravyoM ke prati va viSaya vAsanA ke prati hotI hai| parantu sva-tattva, satya ke bAre meM anAdi kAla se na sunA, na paricaya kiyA na anubhava kiyA hai isaliye sva Atmadravya sabase adhika samIpa-hote hue bhI athavA svayaM hI Atmadravya svarUpa hote hue bhI usakA vizvAsa, usakA parijJAna evaM usake anusAra AcaraNa atyanta durlabha hai| ata: yaha jIva karma saMyoga se jo paryAya vizeSa ko prApta karatA hai usa paryAya ko hI svarUpa mAna letA hai aura usI prakAra paryAyavAna, strI, kuTumba Adi ko svasvarUpa mAna 540 For Personal & Private Use Only

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baiThatA hai| pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA bhI hai svaparAdhyavasAyena dehessvviditaatmnaam| vartate vibhramaH puMsAM putrbhaaryaadigocrH||(11) AtmA ko na jAnane vAle bahirAtmA puruSoM ke zarIra meM apane tathA parAyepana ke vicAra se putra-strI Adi saMbadhita bhrama hotA hai| avidyA saMjJitastasmAtsaMskAro jAyate dRddh'H| yena loko'Ggameva svaM punrpybhimnyte||(12) usa hI mithyAzraddhAna se bahirAtmA jIvoM ke avidyA yA ajJAna nAmaka saMskAra yA dhAraNA athavA bhAvanA dRr3ha majabUta ho jAtI hai| jisa saMskAra yA bhAvanA se saMsArI-strI puruSa zarIra ko hI phira bhI kAlAntara meM bhI, anyabhava meM bhI apanA mAnatA rahatA hai| dehe svabuddhirAtmAnaM yunaktyetena nishcyaat| svAtmanyevAtmadhIstasmAdviyojayati dehinam // (13) isa mithyA saMskAra se bahirAtmA zarIra meM apanI buddhi jJAna yA apanepana kI mAnyatA nizcaya se AtmA ko jor3atA hai| tathA apane AtmA meM hI apane AtmApana kI zraddhA-bhAvanA yA jJAna se apane AtmA ko usa zarIra se pRthaka-alaga karatA hai| deheSvAtmadhiyA jAtAH putrbhaaryaadiklpnaaH| sampattimAtmanastAbhirmanyate hA hataM jgt||(14) . . . zarIra meM Atmabuddhi ke kAraNa putra, patnI Adi kI kalpanAe~ banAvaTI jhUThI mAnyatAeM huI haiN| una kalpanAoM se apanI putra, patnI, Adi ko sampatti rUpa bahirAtmA jIva mAnatA hai| hAyaH isa taraha yaha saMsArI janatA mArI gaI-ThagI . mUlaM saMsAraduHkhasya deha evaatmdhiisttH| tyaktvanAM prvishedntrbhirvyaavRtendriyH||(15) 541 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #557
isa prakAra saMsAra ke duHkha kA mUla kAraNa zarIra meM AtmA ko samajha lenA hai| isaliye isa mithyA mAnyatA ko chor3akara bAhara kI bAtoM meM apanI indriyoM kA vyApAra- kArya rokakara apane AtmA meM praveza karanI cAhie / mattazcyutvendriyadvAraiH patito viSayeSvaham / tAnprapadyAmiti mAM purA veda na tattvata: / ( 16 ) apane Atma-svarUpa se chuTakara maiM pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya bhogoM meM pA~coM indriyoM dvArA gira gayA pha~sa gayA una indriyoM ke viSayoM ko pAkara maiM pahale - anAdikAla se apane-Apako maiM cetana AtmA hU~, isa prakAra vAstava meM nahIM smjhaa| evaM eSa bahirvAcaM tyajedantarazeSataH / samAsena pradIpaH paramAtmana: / ( 17 ) isa prakAra samyagdRSTi antarAtmA bAharI bAtoM ko chor3a kara pUrI taraha se antaraGgavANI ko bhI chor3a deveM / yaha antaratra bahiraGga vacanAlApa kA tyAga saMkSepa meM indriyoM kI viSayoM meM pravRtti ko rokane vAlA yoga paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA prakAzaka dIpaka hai| tyaktvA anAdi kAla se jina bhAvanA ko bhAtA huA yaha jIva saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA huA ananta duHkhoM ko prApta kara rahA hai, mumukSu ko una bhavanoM ko tyAga kara viparIta bhAvanA ko karanI caahie| guNabhadra svAmI ne kahA bhI hai 542 yogaH A pR.222 maineM saMsAra svarUpa bhaMvara meM par3akara pahale kabhI jina samyagdarzanAdi bhAvanAoM kA cintana nahIM kiyA haiM unakA aba cintavana karatA hU~ aura jina mithyAdarzanAdi bhAvanAoM kA bAra bAra cintavana kara cukA hU~ unakA aba maiM cintana nahIM karatA huuN| isa prakAra maiM aba pUrvabhAvita bhAvanAoM ko chor3akara una apUrva bhAvanAoM ko bhAtA hU~, kyoMki isa prakAra kI bhAvanAyeM saMsAra vinAza kA kAraNa hotI haiN| sat svarUpa kI bhAvanA, sva svarUpa kI bhAvanA anAdi kAla bhAvayAmi bhavAvarte bhAvanAH prAgabhAvitAH / bhAvaye bhAvitA neti bhavAbhAvAya bhAvanA | (238) For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #558
se nahIM bhAne ke kAraNa usakI bhAvanA honA sarala sahaja nahIM haiM isalie isa prakAra kI bhAvanA bAra-bAra bhAnI cAhie, kyoMkitabrUyAttatparAnpRcchettadicchettatparo sonaparo bhvet| yenA'vidyAmayaM rUpaM tyaktvA vidyAmayaM vrajet // (53) (sa.ta.) AtmA zraddhAlu ko vaha AdhyAtmika carcA karanI cAhie vaha AtmA sambaMdhI hI bAteM anya vidvAnoM se pUchanI cAhie, usI AdhyAtmika viSaya kI cAha rakhanI cAhieM usI AdhyAtmika viSaya meM sadA tatpara taiyAra yA utsuka rahanA cAhie jisameM apanI AtmA kA ajJAna bhAva chor3akara jJAna bhAva prApta ho| manovijJAnika siddhAnta haiM ki, jahAM para buddhi lInatA ko prApta hotI hai vahA~ para zraddhA evaM bhAvanA bhI hotI haiN| isalie svasvarUpa evaM sat svarUpa meM buddhi meM lagAne ke lie bAra-bAra bhAvanA karanI caahie| yatraivAhitadhI: puMsaH zraddhA tatraiva jaayte| yatraiva jAyate zraddhA cittaM tatraiva liiyte||(95) manuSya kI jisa viSaya meM hI buddhi lagI rahatI hai usa hI viSaya meM manuSya kI rUci utpanna ho jAtI haiM aura jisa hI viSaya meM rUci utpanna ho jAyA karatI hai usa hI viSaya meM mana lIna ho jAtA hai, rama jAtA hai| yatrAnAhitadhIH puMsaH zraddhA tsmaannivrttte| yasmAnnivartate zraddhA kutazcittasya tallayaH / / 96 / / ___ manuSya kI jahA~ buddhi nahIM ThaharatI - nahIM lagatI usa viSaya se usakI rUci nivRtta ho jAtI hai - yAnI utpanna nahIM hotI aura jisa viSaya se manuSya kI rUci haTa jAtI hai usa manuSya kI tallInatA usa viSaya meM kahAM se A sakatI hai? arthAt nahIM ho sktii| jaba taka puna: puna: bhAvanA nahIM kI jAtI hai mAtra svAdhyAya karate haiM aura AtmA ke viSaya meM zravaNa karate haiM taba taka AtmA kA yathArtha parijJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai aura mokSa bhI nahIM ho sakatA isalie pUjyapAda svAmI 543 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #559
Atma bhAvanA kI pradhAnatA ko svIkAra kiyA haiM / vadannapi yAvattAvanna zrRNvannapyanyataH kAmaM nAtmAnaM bhAvayedbhinnaM par3hAne vAle, zAstra sunAne vAle yA upadezaka Adi anya vyakti se khUba acchI taraha AtmA kA svarUpa sunakara bhI aura dUsaroM ko AtmA kA svarUpa apane mukha se kahatA huA bhI jaba taka zarIra se alaga apane AtmA kI bhAvanA na kare taba taka vaha mukta nahIM ho sakatA hai| kalevarAt / mokSabhAk // (81) usa hI prakAra apane AtmA ko zarIra se haTA karake aise apane hI AtmA meM bhAvanA kareM yA cintana yA manana karanA cAhie, jaise ki, phira AtmA ko zarIra se svapna meM bhI na tanmaya karA sakeM yA zarIramaya samajha skeN| tathaiva bhAvayeddehAdvyAvRtyAtmAnamAtmani / yathA na punarAtmAnaM dehe svapne'pi yojayet / / (82) (1) anityAnuprekSA- ye samudAyarUpa zarIra, indriya viSaya, upabhoga aura paribhoga dravya, jala ke bulabule ke samAna anavasthita svabhAva vAle hote haiM tathA garbhAdi avasthAvizeSoM meM sadA prApta hone vAle saMyogoM se viparIta svabhAva vAle hote haiN| mohavaza ajJa prANI inameM nityatA kA anubhava karatA hai para vastutaH AtmA ke jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga ke sivA isa saMsAra meM koI bhI padArtha dhruva nahIM hai| isa prakAra cintana karanA anityAnuprekSA hai / isa prakAra cintana karanevAle isa bhavyake una zarIrAdi meM AsaktikA abhAva hone se bhogakara chor3e hue gandha aura bhAlA Adi ke samAna viyoga kAla meM bhI santApa nahIM hotA hai| 544 sthAna, Asana, deva, asura tathA manuSyoM ke vaibhava, saukhya, -pitA- - svajana kA saMvAsa tathA unakI prIti ye saba anitya haiN| mAtA ThANANi AsaNANi ya devaasuridd'iddhmnnuysokkhaaii| mAdupidusayaNasaMvAsadA ya pIdI vi ya aNiccA / / (695) bhAga -2 ( mU. pR. 2) For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #560
sAmAggiMdiyarUvaM madijovaNajIviyaM balaM tejaM / gihasayaNAsaNabhaMDAdiyA aNicceti ciMtejjo / / (696) sAmagrI, indriyA~, rUpa, buddhi yauvana, jIvana, bala, teja, ghara, zayana, Asana aura bartana Adi saba anitya haiM aisA cintavana kareM / (2) azaraNAnuprekSA - jisa prakAra ekAnta meM kSudhita aura mAMsake lobhI balavAna vyAghra ke dvArA daboce gaye mRgazAvaka ke lie kucha bhI zaraNa nahIM hotA usI prakAra janma, jarA, mRtyu aura vyAdhi Adi duHkhoM ke madhya meM paribhramaNa karane vAle jIvakA kucha bhI zaraNa nahIM hai| paripuSTa zarIra hI bhojana ke prati sahAyaka hai, duHkhoM ke prApta hone para nahIM / yatna se saMcita kiyA huA dhana bhI bhavAntara meM sAtha nahIM jaataa| jinhoMne sukha aura duHkha ko samAna rUpa se bA~Ta liyA hai aise mitra bhI maraNa ke samaya rakSA nahIM kara skte| milakara bandhujana bhI roga se vyApta isa jIvakI rakSA karane meM asamartha hote haiM / yadi sucarita dharma ho to vahI duHkharUpI mahAsamudra meM tarane kA upAya ho sakatA hai| mRtyu se le jAne vAle isa jIva ke sahasranayana indra Adi bhI zaraNa nahIM haiM, isalie saMsAra meM vipattirUpa sthAna meM dharma hI zaraNa hai| vahI mitra hai aura vahI kabhI bhI na chUTanevAlA artha hai, anya kucha zaraNa nahIM hai isa prakAra kI bhAvanA karanA azaraNAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra vicAra karane vAle isa jIvake 'maiM sadA azaraNa hU~' isa taraha atizaya udvigna hone ke kAraNa saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta padArthoM mamatA nahIM rahatI aura vaha bhagavAn arahaMta sarvajJa praNIta mArga meM hI prayatnazIla hotA hai| hayagayarahaNarabalavAhaNANi maMtosadhANi vijjAo / maccubhayassa Na saraNaM NigaDI NIdI ya NIyA ya || (697) ( pU. pR. 4) ghor3A, hAthI, ratha, manuSya, bala, vAhana, mantra, auSadhi, vidyA, mAyA, nIti aura bandhuvarga ye mRtyu ke bhaya se rakSaka nahIM haiN| maraNabhaya uvagade devA vi saiMdayA Na tAraMti / dhammo tANaM saraNaM gaditti ciMtehi saraNattaM / / (699) For Personal & Private Use Only 545

Page #561
maraNa bhaya ke A jAne para indra sahita bhI devagaNa rakSA nahIM kara sakate haiN| dharma hI rakSaka hai, zaraNa hai aura vahI eka gati hai| isa prakAra se azaraNapane kA cintavana kro| (3) saMsArAnuprekSA- karma ke vipAka ke vaza se AtmA ko bhavAntara kI prApti honA saMsAra hai| aneka yoni aura kula koTilAkha se vyApta usa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA huA yaha jIva karmayaMtra se prerita hokara pitA hokara bhAI, putra aura pautra hotA hai| mAtA hokara bhaginI, bhAryA aura lar3akI hotI hai| svAmI hokara dAsa hotA hai tathA dAsa hokara svAmI bhI hotA hai| jisa prakAra raMgasthala meM naTa nAnA rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai usa prakAra yaha hotA hai| athavA bahuta kahane se kyA prayojana svayaM apanA putra hotA hai| ityAdi rUpa se saMsAra ke svAbhAvakA cintana karanA saMsArAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karate hue saMsAra ke duHkha ke bhaya se udvigna hue isake saMsAra se nirveda hotA hai aura nirviNNa hokara saMsAra kA nAza karane ke lie prayatna karatA hai| micchatteNAchaNNo maggaM jinadesidaM apekkhNto| bhamihadi bhImakuDille jIvo saMsArakaMtAre // (705) (mU.pR.7) mithyAtva se sahita huA jIva jinendra kathita mokSamArga ko na dekhatA huA bhayaMkara aura kuTila aise saMsAra-vana meM bhramaNa karatA hai| tattha jarAmaraNabhayaM dukkhaM piyavippaoga biihnnyN| appiyasaMjogaM vi ya rogamahAvedaNAo y||(708) (pR.11) saMsAra meM jarA aura maraNa kA bhaya, iSTa kA viyoga, aniSTa kA saMyoga aura rogoM se utpanna huI mahAvedanAe~ ye saba bhayaMkara duHkha haiN| (4) ekatvAnu prekSA- janma, jarA aura maraNa kI AvRtti rUpa mahAduHkha kA anubhava karane ke lie akelA hI maiM hU~, na koI merA sva hai aura na para hai, akelA hI maiM janmatA hU~ aura akelA hI maratA huuN| merA koI svajana yA parajana vyAdhi, jarA aura maraNa Adi duHkhoM ko dUra nahIM krtaa| bandhu 546 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #562
aura mitra zmazAna se Age nahIM jaate| dharma hI merA kabhI sAtha na chor3ane vAlA sadA kAla sahAyaka hai| isa prakAra cintana kAnA ekatvAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle isa jIva ke svajana meM prItikA anubandha nahIM hotA aura parajanoM meM dveSakA anubandha nahIM hotA, isalie ni:saMgatAko prApta hokara mokSa ke lie hI prayatna karatA hai| sayaNassa pariyaNassa ya majjhe ekko ruvaMtao duhido| vajjadi. maccuvasagado Na jaNo koI samaM edi||(700) (mU.pR.5) svajana aura parijana ke madhya roga se pIr3ita, duHkhI, mRtyu ke vaza huA yaha eka akelA hI jAtA hai, koI bhI jana isake sAtha nahIM jaataa| ekko karei kammaM ekko hiMDadi ya diihsNsaare| ekko jAyadi maradi ya evaM ciMtehi eyattaM // (701) (5) anyatvAnuprekSA-zarIra se anyatvakA cintana karanA anyatvAnuprekSA hai| yathA bandhakI apekSA abheda hone para bhI lakSaNa bheda se 'maiM' anya haiN| zarIra indriya gamya hai, maiM atIndriya huuN| zarIra ajJa hai, maiM jJAtA huuN| zarIra anitya hai, maiM nitya haiN| zarIra Adi anantavAlA hai aura maiM anAdyananta huuN| saMsAra parabhrimaNa karate hue mere lAkhoM zarIra atIta ho gye| unase bhinna vaha hI maiM hU~, isa prakAra zarIra se bhI jaba maiM anya hU~ taba maiM bAhya padArthoM se bhinna hoU~ to isameM kyA Azcarya ? isa prakAra manako samAdhAna yukta karane vAle isake zarIrAdika meM spRhA utpanna nahIM hotI hai aura isase tattvajJAnakI bhAvanApUrvaka vairAgya kA prakarSa hone para Atyantika mokSa sukhakI prApti hotI hai| mAdupidusayaNasaMbaMdhiNo ya savve vi attaNo annnne| iha loga baMdhavA te Na ya paralogaM samaM aiti||(702) (mU.cA.pR.6) mAtA-pitA aura svajana sambandhI loga ye sabhI AtmA se bhinna haiN| ve isa loka meM to bAMdhava hai kintu paraloka meM tere sAtha nahIM jAte haiN| 547 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #563
aNNo aNNaM soyadi madotti mama NAhaotti mnnnnNto| attANaM Na du soyadi saMsAramahaNNave buddddN|(703) yaha jo mara gayA, merA svAmI hai aisA mAnatA huA anya jIva anyakA zoka karatA hai kintu saMsAra-rUpI mahAsamudra meM DUbe hue apane AtmA kA zoka nahIM karatA hai| aNNaM imaM sarIrAdigaM pi jaM hojja bAhiraM davvaM / . NANaM daMsaNamAdAtti evaM ciMtehi aNNattaM // (704) . yaha zarIra Adi bhI anya haiM puna: jo bAhya dravya haiM ve to anya haiM hii| AtmA jJAnadarzana svarUpa hai isa taraha anyatva kA cintana kroN| (6) azuci anuprekSA- yaha zarIra atyanta azuci padArthoM kI yoni hai| zukra aura zoNitarUpa azuci padArthoM se vRddhi ko prApta huA hai, zaucagRha ke samAna azuci padArthoM kA bhojana hai| tvacAmAtra se AcchAdita hai| ati durgandha rasako bahAne vAlA jharanA hai| aMgAra ke samAna apane Azraya meM Aye hae padArtha ko bhI zIghra hI naSTa karatA hai| snAna, anulepana, ghUpakI mAliza aura sugandhimAlA Adi ke dvArA bhI isakI azucitA ko dUra kara sakanA zakya nahIM hai| kintu acchI taraha bhAvanA kiye gaye samyagdarzana Adika jIvakI AtyAntika zuddhi ko prakaTa karate haiN| isa prakAra vAstavika rUpa se cintana karanA azuci anuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle isake zarIra se nirveda hotA hai aura nirviNNa hokara janmodadhiko tarane ke lie cittako lagAtA hai| Niriesu asuhameyaMtameva tiriyesu bNdhrohaadii| maNuesu rogasogAdiyaM tu divi mANasaM asuhaM / (722) (mU.pR. 17) narakoM meM ekAnta se azubha hI hai| tiryaMcoM meM bandhana aura rodana Adi, manuSyoM meM roga zoka Adi aura svarga meM mana sambandhI azubha hai| AyAsadukkhaverabhaya sogkliraagdosmohaannN| asuhANamAvaho vi ya attho mUlaM anntthaannN||(723) 548 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #564
dhana saba anarthoM kA mUla hai| usameM zrama, duHkha, vaira, bhaya, zoka, kalaha, rAga, dveSa aura moha ina azubhoM kA prasaMga hotA hI hai| duggamadullahalAbhA bhayapaurA appakAliyA lhuyaa| kAmA dukkhavivAgA asuhA sevijjamANA vi||(724) jo duHkha se aura kaThinatA se milate haiM, bhaya pracura haiM, alpakAla TikanevAle haiM, tuccha haiM jinakA pariNAma duHkharUpa hai, aise ye indriya-viSaya sevana karate samaya meM bhI azubha hI haiN| asuivilivile gabbhe vasamANo vtthipddlpcchnnnno| mAdUisibha lAlAiyaM tu tivvAsuhaM pibdi||(725) azuci se vyApta garbha meM rahatA huA yaha jIva jarAyu paTala se DhakA huA hai| vahA~ para mAtA ke kapha aura lAra se yukta atIva azubha ko pItA hai| maMsaTThisiMbhavasaruhiracammapittaM tmuttkunnipkuddiN| bahudukkharogabhAyaNa sarIramasubhaM viyANAhi // (726) mAMsa, asthi, kapha, vasA, rudhira, carma, pitta, AMta, mUtra ina apavitra padArthoM kI jhoMpar3I bahuta prakAra ke duHkha aura rogoM ke sthAna svarUpa isa zarIra ko azubha hI jaano| atthaM kAmasarIrAdiyaM pi savvamasubhatti nnaaduunn| NivijjaMto jhAyasu jaha jahasi kalevaraM asuiN||(727) artha, kAma aura zarIra Adi ye sabhI azubha haiM aisA jAnakara virakta hote hue jaise azuci zarIra chUTa jAe vaisA hI dhyAna kro| mottUNa. jiNakkhAdaM dhammaM suhamiha du Natthi logmmi| sasurAsuresu tiriesu NirayamaNuesu ciNtejjo||(728) jinendradeva dvArA kathita dharma ko chor3akara sura-asura, tiryaMca, naraka aura manuSya se sahita isa jagat meM kucha bhI zubha nahIM hai| ___anyatra tattvArthasUtra Adi granthoM meM azuci anuprekSA aisA nAma hai, kintu 549 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #565
yahA~ ise azuddha aisA nAma diyA hai| so nAma mAtra kA hI bheda hai| artha meM prAya: samAnatA hai| vahA~ azuci bhAvanA meM kevala zarIra Adi sambandhI apavitratA kA cintana hotA hai to yahA~ sarva azubha duHkhadAyI vastuyeM-dhana, indriya-sukha Adi tathA zarIra Adi sambandhI azubhapane kA vicAra kiyA gyaa| (7) AmravAnuprekSA- Amrava isa loka aura paraloka meM duHkhadAyI hai| mahAnadI ke pravAha ke vega ke samAna tIkSNa hai tathA indriya, kaSAya aura avrata rUpa hai| unameM se sparzanAdika indriyA~ vana gaja, kauA, sarpa, pataMga aura hariNa Adi ko duHkha rUpa samudra meM avagAhana karAtI haiN| kaSAya Adika bhI isa loka meM vadha, apayaza aura klezAdika du:khoM ko utpanna karate haiM, tathA paraloka meM nAnA prakAra ke duHkhoM se prajvalita nAnA gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karAte haiN| isa prakAra Amrava ke doSoM kA cintana karanA AsravAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle isa jIva ke kSamAdika meM kalyANarUpa buddhikA tyAga nahIM hotA hai, tathA kachueke samAna jisane apanI AtmA ko saMvRta kara liyA hai usake ye saba Asrava ke doSa nahIM hote haiN| dukkhabhayamINapaure saMsAramahaNNave prmghore| jaMtU jaM tu Nimajjadi kammAsavaheduyaM savvaM // (729) (mU.cA.pa.20) duHkha aura bhaya rUpI pracura matsyoM se yukta, atIva ghora saMsAra rUpI samudra meM jIva jo DUba rahA hai vaha saba karmAsrava kA nimitta hai| rAgo doso moho iMdiyasaNNA ya gaarvksaayaa| maNavayaNakAyasahidA du AsavA hoMti kammassa(730) rAga, dveSa, moha, indriyA~, saMjJAyeM, gaurava aura kaSAya tathA mana, vacana, kAya ye karma ke Asrava hote haiN| raMjedi asahakaNape rAgo doso vi dasadI nniccN| moho vi mahArivu jaM NiyadaM mohedi sbbhaavN||(731) rAga azubha-kutsita meM anurakta karatA hai| dveSa bhI mitya hI aprIti 550 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #566
karAtA hai| moha bhI mahAzatru hai joki nizcita rUpa se satpadArtha meM mUr3ha kara detA hai| . dhiddhI mohassa sadA jeNa hidattheNa mohido sNto| Na vibujjhadi jiNavayaNaM hidasivasuhakAraNaM maggaMga(732) moha ko dhikkAra ho! dhikkAra ho ki, jisa hRdaya meM sthita moha ke dvArA mohita hotA huA yaha jIva hita rUpa ziva sukha kA hetu, mokSamArga rUpa aise jina-vacana ko nahIM samajhatA hai| jiNavayaNa saddahANo vi tivvamasuhagadipAvayaM kunni| abhibhUdo jehiM sadA dhittesiM raagdosaannN||(733) jinake dvArA pIr3ita huA jIva jinavacana kA zraddhAna karate hue bhI tIvra azubhagati kAraka pApa karatA hai una rAga aura dveSa ko sadA dhikkAra ho| aNihudamaNasA ede iMdiyavisayA NigeNhiduM dukkhN| maMtosahihINeNa va duTThA AsIvisA sppaa||(734) caMcala mana se ina indriya-viSayoM kA nigraha karanA kaThina hai| jaise ki mantra aura auSadhi ke binA duSTa AzIviSa jAti vAle sarpo ko vaza karanA kaThina hai| dhitte simiMdiyANaM jesiM vasedo du paavmjjnniy| . pAvadi pAvavivAgaM dukkhamaNaMtaM bhvgdisu||(735) una indriyoM ko dhikkAra ho ki, jinake vaza se pApa kA arjana karake yaha jIva cAroM gatiyoM meM pApa ke phalarUpa ananta duHkha ko prApta karatA hai| saNNAhiM gAravehiM aguruo gurugaM tu paavmjjnniy| to kammabhAraguruo gurugaM dukkhaM smnnubhvi||(736) saMjJA aura gaurava se bhArI hokara tIvra pApa kA arjana karake usase karma __ ke bhAra se guruhokara mahAn duHkhoM kA anubhava karatA hai| 551 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #567
kodho bhANo mAyA lobho ya durAsayA ksaayriuu| dosasahassAvAsA dukkhasahassANi paavNti||(737) krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ye duSTa AzrayarUpa kaSAya zatru hajAroM doSoM ke sthAna haiM, ye hajAroM duHkhoM ko prApta karAte haiN| hiMsAdiehiM paMcahiM AsavadArehiM Asavadi paavN| tehiMtu dhuva viNAso sAsavaNAvA jaha samudde // (738) hiMsA Adi Amrava-dvAra se pApa kA AnA hotA hai| unase nizcita hI vinAza hotA haiN| jaise jala ke Asrava se sahita naukA samudra meM DUba jAtI hai| evaM bahuppayAraM kammaM Asavadi dutttthmttttvihN| NANAvaraNAdIyaM dukkhavivAgaM ti ciNtejjo||(739) .. isa taraha bahu-prakAra kA karma duSTa hai, jo ki jJAnAvaraNa Adi se yaha ATha prakAra kA hai tathA duHkharUpa phalavAlA hai aisA cintavana kreN| (8) saMvarAnuprekSA- jisa prakAra mahArNava meM nAva ke chidra ke nahIM Dhake rahane para kramase jhire hue jalase vyApta hone para usake Azraya meM baiThe hue manuSyoM kA vinAza avazyambhAvI hai aura chidra ke DhaMke rahane para nirupadravarUpase abhilaSita dezAntarakA prApta honA avazyambhAvI hai usI prakAra karmAgama ke dvAra ke DhaMke hone para kalyANa kA pratibandha nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra saMvara ke guNoM kA cintana karanA saMvarAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle isa jIva ke saMvara meM nirantara utkuMThatA hotI hai aura isase mokSapadakI prApti hotI hai| tamhA kammAsavakAraNANi savvANi tANi ruNghejjo| iMdiyakasAyasaNNAgAravarAgAdiAdINi // (740) (mU.cA..24) indriyA~, kaSAya, saMjJA, gaurava, rAga Adi ye karmAsrava ke kAraNa haiN| isalie ina sabakA nirodha kreN| ruddheSu kasAyesu a mUlAdo hoMti AsavA ruddhaa| dubbhattamhi Niruddhe vaNammi NAvA jahaM Na edi||(741) 552 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #568
kaSAyoM ke ruka jAne para mUla se Asrava ruka jAte haiM jaise vana meM jala ke ruka jAne para naukA nahIM calatI hai| iMdiyakasAyadosA NigghippaMti tvnnaannvinnehiN| rajjUhi NighippaMti hu uppahagAmI jahA turyaa||(742) indriya, kaSAya aura doSa ye tapa, jJAna aura vinaya ke dvArA nigRhIta hote haiN| jaise kupathagAmI ghor3e niyama se rassI se nigRhIta kiye jAte haiN| maNavayaNakAyaguttiMdiyassa samidIsu appmttss| AsavadAraNirohe NavakammarayAsavo Na hve||(743) mana-vacana-kAya se indriyoM ko vaza meM karane vAle, samitiyoM meM apramAdI sAdhu ke Asrava kA dvAra rUka jAne se navIna karmaraja kA Asrava nahIM hotA hai| micchattA viradIhiM ya kasAyajogehiM jaM ca aasvdi| dasaNaviramaNaNiggahaNirodhaNehiM tu nnaasvdi||(744) mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yoga inase jo karma Ate haiM ve darzana, . virati, nigraha aura nirodha se nahIM Ate haiN| saMvaraphalaM tu NivvANametti sNvrsmaadhisNjutto| giccujjuto bhAvaya saMvara iNamo visuddhppaa||(745) - saMvara kA phala nirvANa hai, isalie saMvara-samAdhi se yukta, nitya hI udyamazIla, vizuddha AtmA muni isa saMvara kI bhAvanA kre| __(9) nirjarAnuprekSA- vedanA-vipAkakA nAma nirjarA hai| vaha do prakAra kI hai- abuddhipUrvA aura kushlmuulaa| narakAdi gatiyoM meM karmaphalake vipAka se jAyamAna jo abuddhipUrvA aura kushlmuulaa| narakAdi gatiyoM meM karmaphala ke vipAka se jAyamAna jo abuddhipUrvA nirjarA hotI hai vaha akuzalAnubandhA hai| tathA parISahake jItane para jo nirjarA hotIhai vaha kuzalamUlA nirjarA hai| vaha zubhAnubandhA aura niranubandhA hotI hai| isa prakAra nirjarA ke guNadoSakA cintana karanA nirjarAnaprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle ke isakI karmanirjarA ke lie pravRtti hotI hai| 553 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #569
isa prakAra jinake Asrava ruka gayA hai aura jo tapazcaryA se yukta haiM unake nirjarA hotI hai| vaha bhI deza aura sarva kI apekSA se do prakAra kI kahI gayI hai| rUddhAsavassa evaM tavasA juttassa NijjarA hodi / duvihAya sA vi bhaNiyA desAdo savvado ceva / / (746) ( mU.cA. pR. 27 ) saMsAra meM saMsaraNa karate hue jIva ke kSayopazama ko prApta karmoM kI nirjarA jagata meM sabhI jIvoM ke hotI hai aura punaH tapa se vipulaM nirjarA hotI hai / saMsAre saMsaraMtassa khaovasamagadassa kammassa / savvassa vi hodi jage tavasA puNa NijjarA viulA / / (747) jaise agni se dhamAyA gayA dhAtu santapta huA zuddha ho jAtA hai| vaise hI svarga ke samAna hI, jIva tapa dvArA karmoM se zuddha ho jAtA hai| 554 jaha dhAdU dhammaMto sujjhadi so aggiNA dusaMtatto / tavasA tahA visujjhadi jIvo kammehiM kaNayaM v|| (748) zreSTha jJAnarUpI havA se yukta zIla, zreSTha samAdhi va saMyama se prajvalita huI taparUpI agni bhavabIja ko jalA detI hai, jaise ki agni tRNa kATha Adi ko jalA detI hai| NANavaramArudajudo sIlavarasamAdhisaMjamujjalido / dahai tavobhavabIyaM taNakaTThAdI jahA aggI / / (749) cirakAla majjidaM pi ya vihuNadi tavasA rayatti NAUNa / duvihe tavammi NiccaM bhAvedavvo havadi appA / / (750) cirakAla se arjita bhI karmara tapa se ur3A dI jAtI hai, aisA jAnakara do prakAra ke tapa meM nitya hI AtmA ko bhAvita karanA cAhie / Nijjariyasavvakammo jAdijarAmaraNabaMdhaNavimukko / pAvadi sukkhamaNaMtaM NijjaraNaM taM maNasi kujjA / / (751) For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #570
jisake sarvakarma nirjIrNa ho cuke haiM aisA jIva janma-jarA-maraNa ke bandhana se chUTakara ananta sukha ko prApta kara letA hai| ata: mana meM tuma usa nirjarA kA cintavana kro| (10) lokAnuprekSA- cAroM ora se ananta alokAkAza ke bahumadhyadeza meM sthita loka ke saMsthAna Adi kI vidhi pahale tRtIya adhyAya meM kaha Aye haiN| usake svabhAvakA anucintana lokAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra vicAra karane vAle isake tattvajJAna kI vizuddhi hotI hai| loo akiTTimo khalu aNAiNihaNo shaavnnippnnnno| jIvAjIvehiM bhuDo Nicco taalrukkhsNtthaanno||(714) (mU.cA.pR.14) nizcaya se yaha loka akRtrima, anAdi-ananta, svabhAva se siddha, nitya aura tAlavRkSa ke AkAra vAlA hai tathA jIvoM aura ajIvoM se bharA huA hai| tatthaNuhavaMti jIvA sakamma NivvattiyaM suhaM dukkhN| jammaNamaraNapuNabbhavamaNaMtabhavasAyare bhiime||(717) isa loka meM jIva. apane karmoM dvArA nirmita sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karate haiN| bhayAnaka ananta bhava samudra meM puna: puna: janma-maraNa karate haiN| mAdA ya. hodi dhUdA dhUdA mAduttaNaM puNa uvedi| puriso vi tattha itthI pumaM ca apumaM ca hoi je||(718) ___mAtA putrI ho jAtI hai aura putrI mAtA ho jAtI hai| yahA~ para puruSa bhI strI aura strI bhI puruSa tathA puruSa bhI napuMsaka ho jAtA hai| ..' hoUNa teyasattAdhio du bala viriyruuvsNpnnnno| jAdo vaccaghare kimi dhigatthu saMsAravAsassa // (719) pratApa aura parAkrama se adhika tathA bala, vIrya aura rUpa se sampanna hokara bhI rAjA viSThAgRha meM kIr3A ho gyaa| ata: saMsAravAsa ko dhikkAra ho| - dhigbhavadu logadhammaM devA vi ya suravadIya mhddddhiiyaa| bhottUNa sukkhamatulaM puNaravi dukkhAvahA hoNti||(720) - 555 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #571
isa loka kI sthiti ko dhikkAra ho jahA~ para deva, indra aura maharddhika devagaNa bhI atula sukha ko bhogakara puna: duHkhoM ke bhoktA ho jAte tho NAUNa logasAraM NissAraM diihgmnnsNsaar|| logaggasiharavAsaM jhAhi payatteNa suhvaasN||(721) ___ bahuta kAla taka bhramaNa rUpa saMsAra nissAra hai| aise isa loka ke svarUpa ko jAnakara sukha ke nivAsa rUpa lokAgrazikhara ke AvAsa kA prayatnapUrvaka dhyAna kro| (11) bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA:- eka nigodazarIra meM siddhoM se anantaguNe jIva haiN| isa prakAra sthAvara jIvoM se saba loka nirantara bharA huA hai| ata: isa loka meM trasa paryAya kA prApta honA itanA durlabha hai jitanA ki bAlukAke samudra meM par3I huI vajrasikatA kI kANikA kA prApta honA durlabha hotA hai| usameM bhI vikalendriya jIvoM kI bahulatA hone ke kAraNa guNoM meM jisa prakAra kRtajJatA guNakA prApta honA bahuta durlabha hotA hai usI prakAra paMcendriya paryAya kA prApta honA bahuta durlabha hai| usameM bhI pazu, mRga pakSI aura sarIsRpa tiryaMcoM kI bahulatA hotI hai, isalie jisa prakAra cauthapara ratnarAzikA prApta honA ati kaThina hai usI prakAra manuSya paryAyakA prApta honA bhI ati kaThina hai| aura manuSya paryAya ke milane ke bAda usake cyuta ho jAne para puna: usakI utpatti honA itanA kaThina hai jitanA ki jale hue vRkSa ke pudgaloM kA puna: usa vRkSa paryAya rUpa se utpanna honA kaThina hotA hai| kadAcit isakI puna: prApti ho jAye to deza kula, indriyasampat aura nirogatA inakA prApta honA uttarottara durlabha hai| ina sabake mila jAne para bhI yadi samIcIna dharma kI prApti na hove to jisa prakAra dRSTi ke binA mukha vyartha hotA hai usI prakAra manuSya janma kA prApta honA vyartha hai| isa prakAra atikaThinatA se prApta hone yogya usa dharma ko prApta kara viSayasukha meM ramamANa honA bhasma ke lie candana ko jalAne ke samAna niSphala hai| kadAcita viSaya sukha se virakta huA to bhI isake lie tapa kI bhAvanA, dharma kI prabhAvanA aura sukhapUrvaka maraNarUpa samAdhikA prApta honA atidurlabha hai| isake hone para hI bodhilAbha saphala hai aisA vicAra 556 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #572
karanA bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra vicAra karane vAle isa jIva ke bodhi - ko prApta karane ke liye kabhI bhI pramAda nahIM hotA / saMsAraMhiya aNaMte jIvANaM dullahaM jugasamilAsaMjogo lavaNasamudde jahA maNussattaM / ceva // (757 ) ananta saMsAra meM jIvoM ko manuSya paryAya durlabha hai| jaise lavaNa samudra meM yuga arthAt juvAM aura samilA arthAt saila kA saMyoga durlabha hai| desakulajanma rUvaM AU Arogga vIriyaM viNao / savaNaM gahaNaM madi dhAraNA ya ede vi dullahA loe // (758) ( mU.cA. pR. 31 ) uttama deza - kula meM janma, rUpa, Ayu, Arogya, zakti, vinaya, dharmazravaNa, grahaNa buddhi aura dhAraNA ye bhI isa loka meM durlabha hI haiN| laddhesu videsu ya bodhI jiNasAsaNAni Na hu sulahA / kupahANamAkulattA jaM baliyA rAgadosA ya // (759) - inake mila jAne para bhI jina zAsana meM bodhi sulabha nahIM hai, kyoMki kupathoM kI bahulatA hai aura rAga- T-dveSa bhI balavAn haiN| seyaM bhavabhayamahaNI bodhI guNavitthaDA mae laddhA / jadi paDidA Na hu sulahA tamhA Na khamo pamAdo me || ( 760 ) so yaha bhAva bhaya kA maMthana karane vAlI guNoM se vistAra ko prApta bodhi maine prApta kara lI hai| yadi yaha chUTa jAya to nizcita rUpa se punaH sulabha nahIM hai atH merA pramAda karanA ThIka nahIM hai| isa loka kI sthiti ko dhikkAra ho jahA para deva, indra aura maharddhika deva gaNa bhI atula sukha ko bhogakara punaH dukhoM ke bhoktA ho jAte hai / dullahalAhaM laddhUNa bodhiM jo Naro pamAdejjo / so puriso kApuriso soyadi kugadiM gado saMto || (761 ) jo manuSya durlabhatA se milanevAlI bodhi ko prApta karake pramAdI hotA hai vaha puruSa kAyara puruSa hai / vaha durgati ko prApta hotA huA zoca karatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 557

Page #573
uvasamakhayamissaM vA bodhiM ladhdUNa bhviypuNddrio| . 'tavasaMjamasaMjutto akkhayasokkhaM tado lhdi||(762) zreSTha bhavya jIva upazama, kSAyika yA kSAyopazamika samyaktva ko prApta karake jaba aura saMyama se yukta ho jAtA hai taba akSaya saukhya ko prApta kara letA hai| tamhA ahamavi NiccaM sddhaasNvegviriyvinnehiN| attANaM taha bhAve jaha sA bohI have suharaM // (763) isalie maiM bhI zraddhA, saMvega, zakti aura vinaya ke dvArA usa prakAra se AtmA kI bhAvanA karatA hUM ki jisa prakAra se vaha bodhi cirakAla taka banI rhe| bodhIya jIvadavvAMdiyAiM bujjhai hu Nava vi tccaaii| guNasayasahassakaliyaM evaM bohiM sayA. jhaahi||(764) bodhi se jIva pudgala Adi chaha dravya tathA ajIva Adi nava tattva (padArtha) jAne jAte hai| isa taraha hajAroM guNoM se sahita bodhi kA sadA dhyAna kro| dharmasvAkhyAtatvAnuprekSA:- jinendra deva ne yaha jo ahiMsAlakSaNa dharma kahA hai, satya usakA AdhAra hai, vinaya usakI jar3a hai, kSamA usakA bala hai, brahmacarya se rakSita hai upazama kI usameM pradhAnatA hai, niyati usakA lakSaNa hai, parigraha rahitapanA usakA Alambana hai| isakI prApti nahIM hone se duSkarma vipAka se jAyamAna duHkha ko anubhava karate hue ye jIva anAdi saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| parantu isakA lAbha hone para nAnA prakAra ke abhyudayoM kI prAptipUrvaka mokSa kI prApti honA nizcita hai aisA cintana karanA dharmasvAkhyAtatvAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle isa jIva ke dharmanurAgavaza usakI prApti ke lie sadA yatna hotA hai| savvajagassa hidakaro dhammo titthaMkarahiM akkhaado| dhaNNA tuM paDivaNNA visuddhamaNasA jage mnnuyaa||(752) (mU.cA.pR.30) 558 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #574
tIrthaMkaroM dvArA kathita dharma sarvajagat kA hita karane vAlA hai| vizuddha mana se usakA Azraya lene vAle munaSya jagat meM dhanya haiN| jeNeha pAvidavvaM kallANaparaMparaM paramasokkhaM / so jiNadesidadhammaM bhAveNuvavajjade puriso // (753) jise isa jagat meM kalyANoM kI paramparA aura parama saukhya prApta karanA hai vaha puruSa bhAva se jinendradeva dvArA kathita dharma ko svIkAra karatA hai / uvasama dayA ya khaMtI vaDDhaD veraggadA ya jaha jaha se / taha taha ye mokkhasokkhaM akkhINaM bhAviyaM hoi || (755) jaise-jaise isa jIva ke upazama, dayA, kSamA aura vairAgya bar3hate haiM vaise-vaise hI akSaya mokSasukha bhAvita hotA hai| saMsAravisamadugge bhavagahaNe kaha vi me bhramaMteNa / diTTho jiNavaradiTTho jeTTho dhammotti ciMtejjo || (756) saMsAramaya viSamadurga isa bhavana meM bhramaNa karate hue maine bar3I muzkila se jinavara kathita pradhAna dharma prApta kiyA hai - isa prakAra se cintavana kare / isa prakAra anityAdi anuprekSAoM kA sAnidhya milane para uttamakSamAdike dhAraNa karane se mahAn saMvara hotA hai| anuprekSA donoM kA nimitta hai isalie 'anuprekSA' vacana madhya meM diyA hai| kyoMki anuprekSAoM kA cintana karatA huA yaha jIva uttamakSamAdi kA ThIka taraha se pAlana karatA hai aura parISahoM ko jItane ke lie utsAhita hotA hai| 3 dasa do ya bhAvaNAoM evaM saMkhevado samuddhiTThA / jiNavayaNe diTThAo buhajaNaMveragga jaNaNIo // (765) ( mU.cA. pR. 36 ) isa prakAra saMkSepa meM dvAdaza bhAvanA kahI gayI haiM joki, jinavacana meM vidvAnoM ke vairAgya kI jananI mAnI gaI haiN| aNuvekkhAhiM evaM jo attANaM sadA vibhAvedi / so vigadasavvakammo vimalo vimalAlayaM lahadi || ( 766 ) ina anuprekSAoM ke dvArA jo hamezA AtmA kI bhAvanA karatA hai vaha For Personal & Private Use Only 559

Page #575
sarvakarma se rahita nirmala hotA huA vimala sthAna ko prApta kara letA hai / parISaha sahana karane kA upadeza mArgAcyavananirjarArthaM pariSoDhavyAH parISahA: / (8) For the sake of now- falling off from the path of liberation and for the shedding of karmic matter, whatever sufferings are undergone are called the parISahA sufferings. mArga se cyuta na hone ke lie aura karmoM kI nirjarA karane ke lie jo sahana karane yogya ho ve parISaha haiN| samyadarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcaritra ko mokSamArga kahate haiN| yaha mokSamArga saMvara evaM nirjarA sahita hai / Amrava evaM baMdha mokSamArga ke viparIta hai| mokSamArga se cyuta honA arthAt ratnatraya se cyuta honA, karmoM ke Amrava evaM baMdha karanA hai / parISaha se jIva bhayabhIta hokara parAsta hokara ratnatraya ke mArga se cyuta ho jAtA hai isalie yahA~ para kahA gayA hai ki, parISahoM ko bhAvapUrvaka AdarapUrvaka sahana karo jisase saMvara, nirjarA hogI aura mokSamArga meM sthiratA AyegI / parISahoM ko jItane vAle santa una pariSahoM ke dvArA tiraskRta na hote hue pradhAna saMvara kA Azraya lekara aprabandha se kSapaka zreNI para Arur3ha karane ke sAmarthya ko prApta kara uttarottara utsAha ko bar3hAte hue sakala kaSAyoM kI pradhvaMsa zakti vAle hokara dhyAna rUpa parazu ke dvArA karmoM kI jar3a ko mUla se ukhAr3a kara jinake paMkhoM para jamI huI dhUla jhar3a gaI hai, una unmukta pakSiyoM kI taraha paMkhoM ko phar3aphar3Akara Upara uTha jAte haiN| isaliye saMvaramArga aura nirjarA kI siddhi ke liye parISaha sahana karanI cAhiye / parISahAdyavijJAnAdAsravasya jAyate'dhyAtmayogena karmaNAmAzu AtmA meM AtmA ke ciMtavanarUpa dhyAna se parISahAdika kA anubhava na hone se karmoM ke Agamana ko rokane vAlI karma - nirjarA zIghra hotI hai / 560 nirodhinI / For Personal & Private Use Only nirjarA 11 ( 24 ) (iSTopadeza) AtmadehAntarajJAnajanitAlhAdanirvRtaH / tapasA duHSkRtaM ghoraM bhuJjAno'pi na khidyate //

Page #576
AtmA va zarIra ke viveka (bheda) se paidA hue Ananda se paripUrNa (yukta) yogI, tapasyA ke dvArA bhayaMkara upasargoM va ghora parISahoM ko bhogate hue bhI kheda-khinna nahIM hote haiN| eka kavi ne kahA bhI hai * pRSThaM ghRSThaM punarapipunaH candanaM cArU gndhm| chinnaM-chinnaM punarapipunaH svAda caiva ikssudnnddm| dagdhaM-dagdhaM punarapipuna: kaMcanaM kaantvrnnm| na prANAnte prakRtivikRtirjAyate coktmaanaam| candana ko jitanA gharSaNa kiyA jAtA hai utanA hI candana adhika sugandha pradAna karatA hai| gannA ko jitanA pelA jAtA hai utanA hI svAdabharita rasa pradAna karatA hai| suvarNa ko jitanA dagdha (jalAyA) kiyA jAtA hai utanA suvarNa kAMta-kamanIya hokara pravAzamAna ho jAtA hai. usI prakAra sAdhu-sajjana dharmAtmA vyakti jitanA hI upasarga, kaSTa, tAr3ana, mArana, gAlI-galauja rUpI amni se santapta hotA hai vaha utanA hI zuddha, nirmala, pavitra hokara AdhyAtmika jyoti se camaka uThatA hai| usakA prANAnta hone para bhI prANa se bhI priya, jyeSTha, zreSTha dharma ko tyAga nahIM karatA hai| vaha priya dharmI evaM dRr3ha dharmI hotA hai| . bAIsa pariSaha kSutpipAsAzItoSNadaMzamazakanAgnyAratistrIcaryAniSadyAzayyAkrozava dhyaacnaalaabhrogtRnnsprshmlstkaarpurskaarprjnyaajnyaanaadrshnaani| (7) The 22 pariSahA : sufferings are: 1. kSut Hunger 2. pipAsA Thirst. 3. zIta Cold. .. 4. uSNa Heat. 5. daMzamazaka Insect bites, Mosquitoes etc. 6. JIRI Nakedness. 7...37fa Ennui, dissatisfaction, languor. 8. Fit Women. 561 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #577
9. caryA Walking too much, not to feel the fatigue but to bear it colmly. 10. niSadyA Sitting. Not to disturb the posture of meditation, even if there is danger from lion, snake, etc, etc. 11. zayyA Sleeping. Resting on the hard earth. 12. Akroza Abuse. 13. vadha Beating. 14. yAcanA Begging. To refrain from begging even in need. 15. alAbha Failure to get alms. 16. roga Disease. 17. tRNasparza Contact with theory shrubs, etc. 18. mala Dirt. Discomfort from dust, etc. 19. satkAra - puraskAra Respect on disrespect. 20. prajJA Conceit of knowledge. 21. ajJAna Lack of knowledge. 22. adarzana Slack belief, eg. on failure to attain supernatural powers. kSudhA, tRSNA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, nagnatA, arati, strI, caryA, niSadyA, zayyA, Akroza, vadha, yAcanA, alAbha, roga, tRNasparza, mala, satkAra - puraskAra, prajJA, ajJAna aura adarzana ina nAma vAle parISaha hai / bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNoM se jo zArIrika aura mAnasika pIr3A ke kAraNa bhUta kSudhAdi parISaha hai, use mokSamArga ke pathika ko sAmya bhAva se sahana karanA cAhie tathA jItanA caahie| kyoMki parISahoM ko nahIM jItane para aura jaba sahana nahIM hote haiM taba usase vividha karma baMdha ho jAte haiM / parISaha evaM upasarga bhI pUrvopArjita karma se Ate hai| usa kaSTa ko sAmya bhAva se sahana karane se pUrvopArjita karma kI pracura nirjarA hotI hai| isaliye jJAnI - pUrvopArjita karmoM kI nirjarA karane ke lie evaM ratnatraya se cyuta nahIM hone ke lie kaSToM ko sAmya bhAva se sahana karate haiN| kahA bhI hai: - 562 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #578
sukhaM dukhaM vA syAdiha vihitkrmodyvshaat| kutaH prItistApaH kutaH iti jilpAdyAdi bhavet // (262) udAsInastasya pragalita purANaM na hi nvN| samAskandatyeSu sphurati suvidagdho mnniriv|| (263) (A.pR.240) saMsAra meM pUrvakRta karma ke udaya se jo bhI sukha athavA duHkha hotA hai, usase prIti kyoM aura kheda bhI kyoM, isa prakAra ke vicAra se yadi jIva udAsIna hotA hai- rAga aura dveSa se rahita hotA hai- to usakA purAnA karma to nijIrNa hotA hai aura navIna karma nizcaya se bandha ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| aisI avasthAoM meM yaha saMvara aura nirjarA se sahita jIva atyanta nirmala maNi ke samAna prakAzamAna hotA hai - sva aura para ko prakAzita karane vAlA kevalajJAna se suzobhita hotA hai| ___ jo sAdhaka hote haiM unake jIvana meM aneka viparIta paristhitiyA~ bhI AtI hai| sAdhaka ina viparIta paristhitiyoM se ghabarAkara palAyanavAdI nahIM banatA haiM parantu una paristhitiyoM kA sAmanA karatA hai| kavi ne kahA bhI hai:__ jIvana meM Aye AMdhI, Aye ghora tuuphaan| sumeru sA acala rahe, yahI sAdhu pahacAna // uttara rAmacarita meM bhavabhUti ne kahA bhI hai:vrajAdapi kaThorANi, mRduni kusumaanypi| lokottarANi cettAMsi, ko vA vijnyaatumrhti|| . . . karttavya pAlana, kaSTa sahana meM vajra ke samAna kaThora parantu hRdaya se kusuma se bhI komala aise mahAn puruSa ke hRdaya ko kauna jAna sakatA hai? bhartahari ne kahA bhI hai - "vipadi dhairya' arthAt vipatti meM dhairya rakhanA mahAn puruSa kA lakSaNa hai| vipattiyoM se aneka zikSA milatI hai, dhairya bar3hatA hai, viveka jAgrata hotA hai, sahanazIlatA vRddhigata hotI hai| isIlie pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA bhI hai: 563 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #579
* aduHkhabhAvitaM jJAnaM, kSIyate duHkhsnnidhau| tasmAthAbalaM duHkhairAtmAnaM bhaavyenmuniH||(102) sa.ta. binA kAya kleza ke bhAvanA kiyA gayA Atma svarupa kA jJAna zArIrika kaSTa A jAne para chUTa jAtA hai| isa kAraNa AtmadhyAnI muni yathA-zakti parISaha sahana, tathA upasarga sahana Adi zArIrika kaSToM ke sAtha Atma-cintana dhyAna kreN| viSayaviratiH saMgatyAgaH kssaayvinigrhH,| . . shmymdmaastttvaabhyaasstpshcrnnodym| niyamitamanovRttirbhaktirjineSu dyaalutaa,| .. bhavati kRtinaH saMsArAbdhastaTe nikaTe sati // (224) .. (AtmAnuzAsana) indriya viSayoM se virakti, parigraha kA tyAga, kaSAyoM kA damana, rAga-dveSa kI zAnti, yama-niyama, indriya damana, sAta tatvoM kA vicAra, tapazcaraNa meM udyama, mana kI pravRtti para niyantraNa, jina bhagavAna meM bhakti aura prANiyoM para dayAbhAva, ye saba guNa usI puNyAtmA jIva ke hote haiM jisake ki, saMsAra rupa samudra kA kinArA nikaTa meM A cukA hai| (1) kSudhA parISahajaya prakRSTa kSudhArUpI agni kI jvAlA ko dhairyarupI jala se zAntakaranA, sAmyabhAva se sahana karanA hai| (2) pipAsA parISahajaya __tRSA (pyAsa) kI udIraNA ke kAraNa milane para bhI pyAsa ke vazIbhUta nahIM honA usa ke pratIkAra ko nahIM cAhanA, sAmyabhAva se sahana karanA pipAsA-sahana (3) zIta parISahajaya - zIta ke kAraNoM ke sannidhAna meM zIta ke pratIkAra kI abhilASA nahIM karanA, saMyama kA paripAlana karanA, sAmyabhAva se sahana karanA zIta parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| 564 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #580
(4) uSNa parISahajaya cAritra.kI rakSA karane ke liye dAha kA pratIkAra karane kI icchA kA abhAva honA, sAmyabhAva se sahana karanA uSNa parISaha sahana hai| (5) daMzamazaka parISahajaya __ daMzamazaka kI bAdhA sahana karanA, usakA pratIkAra nahIM karanA, sAmyabhAva se sahana karanA daMzamazaka parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| (6) nAgnya parISahajaya - jAtarupa (janma-avasthA ke samAna nirAbharaNa, nirvastra, nirvikAra rUpa) dhAraNa karanA nAgnya hai| gupti, samiti kI avirodhI parigraha nivRtti aura paripUrNa brahmacarya aprArthika mokSa ke sAdhana cAritra kA anuSThAna karanA yathAjAta rUpa hai| avikArI (zarIra), saMskAroM se rahita, svAbhAvika, mithyAdRSTiyoM ke dvArA dveSakRta hone para bhI parama mAGgalya aisI yathAjAtarupa nAgnya avasthA ke dhAraka, strI rUpa ko nitya azuci, vIbhatsa aura zava-kaMkAla ke samAna dekhane vAle, vairAgya bhAvanAoM se manovikAra ko jItane vAle aura sAmAnya manuSyatva ke dvArA asaMbhAvita aise viziSTa mAnava rUpadhArI sAdhugaNoM ke nAgnya doSoM (liMgavikAra, manovikAra Adi doSoM) kA sparza nahIM hone se nAnya parISaha ke jaya kI siddhi hotI hai| (7) arati parISahajaya saMyama se ratikaranA arati parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| kSudhA Adi kI bAdhA satAne para saMyama kI rakSA meM, indriyoM ko bar3I kaThinatA se jItane meM, vratoM ke bhale prakAra pAlana karane ke bhAra kI gurUtA prApta hone para, sadaiva pramAda rahita pariNAmoM kI samhAla karane meM, bhinna-bhinna dezabhASAoM ke nahIM jAnane para viraha aura capalaprANiyoM se bhare bhayAnaka mArgoM meM athavA rAjya ke karmacAriyoM Adi se bhayAnaka paristhiti meM niyata rupa se ekAkI vihAra karane Adi se jo arati (kheda) utpanna hotI hai use ve dhairyavizeSa se nivAraNa karate haiN| saMyama viSayaka rati (anurAga) bhAvanA ke bala se viSaya sukha rati ko (viSayAnurAga ko) viSamizrita AhAra ke sevana ke samAna vipAka meM kaTu mAnane vAle una parama saMyamIjana ke rati parISaha bAdhA kA abhAva hone se arati parISahajaya hotA hai| 565 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #581
(8) strI parISahajaya - varAGganAoM ke rupa dekhanA, unakA sparza karanA Adi ke bhAvoM kI nivRti ko strI parISahajaya kahate haiM / (9) caryA parISahajaya - - gamana ke doSoM kA nigraha karanA caryA parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| paribhramaNa karane vAle sAdhujana mArga meM kaThora kaMkar3a Adi se pairoM ke kaTa jAne para aura chila jAne para bhI kheda kA anubhava nahIM karate haiM, vA ina sAdhuoM ko kheda kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| pUrva meM anubhava kie hue ucita yAna - vAhana Adi . kA smaraNa nahIM karate haiM tathA samyak prakAra se gamana ke doSoM kA parihAra karate haiM, una sAdhuoM ke caryA - parISahajaya hotA hai arthAt aise sAdhu caryA parISahajayI hote haiN| ( 10 ) niSadyA parISahajaya saMkalpita Asana se vicalita nahIM honA niSadyAparISahajaya hotA hai| vIrAsana, utkuTikAsana Adi jisa Asana se baiThate haiM, usa saMkalpita Asana se dUsare Asana kI palaTanA nahIM karate, hilanA Adi Asanna doSoM ko jItate haiM, una parama saMyamIjanoM ko niSadyA parISahajaya hotA hai arthAt ve hI sAdhu niSadyA parISaha ke vijayI hote haiN| - ( 11 ) zayana parISahajaya - Agama meM kathita zayana se calita nahIM honA, AgamAMnusAra zayana karanA zayana parISahajaya kahalAtA hai| ( 12 ) Akroza parISahajaya aniSTa vacanoM ko sahana karanA Akroza parISahajaya hai| tIvra mohAviSTa, mithyAdRSTi Arya, mleccha, khala (duSTa) pApAcArI, matta ( pAgala), uddRpta (ghamaNDI), zaGkita Adi duSTajanoM ke dvArA prayukta mA zabda, dhikkAra zabda, tiraskAra avajJA ke sUcaka kaThora, karkaza, kAnoM ko badhira karane vAle, hRdaya bhedI, hRdaya meM zUla ke utpAdaka, krodharUpI agni kI jvAlAoM ko bar3hAne vAle aura apriya gAlI Adi vacanoM ko sunakara bhI sthiracitta rahane vAle, bhasma karane kA sAmarthya hote hue bhI paramArtha (tattvavicAra) meM avagAhita cittavAle, zabda mAtra ko zravaNa kara kaTu zabdoM ke artha ke vicAra se parAGmukha, 566 - For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #582
"yaha mere pUrvopArjita azubha karma kA udaya hI hai jisase mere prati inakA dveSa hai," ityAdi. puNya bhAvanAoM ke cintana rupa upAyoM ke dvArA subhAvita sAdhu kA aniSTa vacanoM kA sahana karanA Akroza parISahajaya hai / ( 13 ) vadha parISahajaya mArane vAloM ke prati bhI krodha nahIM karanA vadha parISahajaya hai / ( 14 ) yAcanA parISahajaya - prANa jAne para bhI AhArAdi kA yAcanA nahIM karanA, dInatA se nivRtta honA yAcanA parISahajaya hai / ( 15 ) alAbha parISahajaya alAbha meM bhI lAbha ke samAna saMtuSTa hone vAle tapasvI ke alAbha parISahajaya hotA hai| (" bhikSA ke nahIM milane para bhI saMkleza pariNAma nahIM karane vAle, raMcamAtra bhI citta ko malina nahIM karane vAle parama tapasvI ke alAbha parISahajaya hotA hai, ve sAdhu yaha na socate haiM aura na kahate haiM ki yahA~ dAtA nahIM haiM, vahA~ bar3e-bar3e dAnI udAra dAtA haiM," ve parama yogI lAbha se bhI alAbha meM parama tapa mAnate haiN| isa prakAra lAbha kI apekSA alAbha meM adhika santuSTa hone vAle ke alAbha parISahajaya hai, aisA jAnanA cAhiye / ( 16 ) roga parISahajaya - nAnA vyAdhiyoM ke pratIkAra kI icchA nahIM karane vAle yA sAmyabhAva se sahana karane vAle muni ke roga parISahajaya hotA hai / ( 17 ) tRNa parISahajaya - tRNAdi ke nimitta se vedanA ke hone para bhI mana kA nizcala rahanA usameM duHkha nahIM mAnanA sAmyabhAva se sahana karane se tRNa parISahajaya hotA hai| ( 18 ) maladhAraNa parISahajaya sva aura para ke dvArA mala ke apacaya aura upacaya ke saMkalpa ke abhAva - For Personal & Private Use Only 567

Page #583
ko maladhAraNa parISahasahana kahate haiN| (19) satkAra puraskAra parISahajaya - ___ mAna aura apamAna meM tulya bhAva honA, satkAra-puraskAra kI bhAvanA nahIM honA, satkAra puraskAra parISahajaya hai| (20) prajJA parISahavijaya - prajJA (buddhi) kA vikAsa hone para bhI prajJA mada nahIM karanA prajJA parISaha vijaya hai| 'maiM aMga pUrva prakIrNaka Adi meM vizArada hU~, sAre granthoM ke artha kA jJAtA hU~, anuttaravAdI hU~, trikAla viSayArthavedI hU~, zabda (vyAkaraNa), nyAya, adhyAtma meM nipuNa hU~, mere samakSa sUrya ke sAmane khadyota ke samAna anyavAdI nisteja ho jAte haiM, isa prakAra vijJAna kA mada nahIM hone denA prajJAparISahajaya hai| (21) ajJAna parISahajaya - ajJAna ke kAraNa hone vAle apamAna evaM jJAna kI abhilASA ko sahana karanA ajJAna pariSahajaya hai| (22) adarzana parISahasahana - 'dIkSA lenA Adi anarthaka hai,' isa prakAra mAnasika vicAra nahIM hone denA, adarzana parISaha sahana hai| saMyama pAlana karane meM pradhAna, duSkara tapa tapane vAle, parama vairAgya bhAvanA se zuddha hRdayayukta, sakala tattvArthavedI, arhadAyatana, sAdhu aura dharma ke pratipUjaka cirapravrajita mujha tapasvI kA Aja taka koI jJAnAtizaya utpanna nahIM huA hai| 'mahopavAsakarane vAloM ko prAtihAryavizeSa (camatkArI RddhiyA~) utpanna hue the' yaha saba pralApa mAtra hai, asatya hai, yaha dIkSA lenA vyartha hai, vratoM kA pAlana nirarthaka hai| isa prakAra se citta meM azraddhA utpanna nahIM hone denA, apane samyagdarzana ko dRr3ha rakhanA, adarzana parISahasahana karanA jAnanA caahiye| tapa ke bala para RddhiyoM ke utpanna na hone para jina vacana para azraddhAna nahIM karanA adarzana parISahajaya hai| isa prakAra asaMkalpita (binA saMkalpa ke) upasthita parISahoM ko saMkleza pariNAmarahita sahana karane vAle sAdhu ke rAgAdi pariNAma rupa Asrava kA abhAva hone se mahAnaM saMvara - 568 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #584
hotA hai| kisa guNasthAna meM kitane pariSaha hote haiM ? sUkSma sAMparAyachamasthavItarAgayozcaturdaza / (10) Fourteen afflictions occur in the case of the saints in the tenth and twelfth stages. sUkSma sAmparAya aura chadyastha vItarAga ke caudaha parISaha sambhava haiN| caturdaza vacana se anya parISahoM kA abhAva jAnanA caahiye| arthAt caudaha hI hotI haiM, anya nahIM, aisA samajhanA caahiye| kyoMki caturdaza isa saMkhyA vizeSa kA grahaNa niyama ke liye hai ki caudaha hI hotI hai, anya nhiiN| ___ yadyapi sUkSmasAmparAya guNasthAna meM sUkSma lobha saMjvalana kaSAya kA udaya hai para vaha atyanta sUkSma hone se kAryakArI nahIM hai, mAtra usakA sadbhAva hI hai| ataH vItarAgachadmastha kalpa (samAna) hone se chadmastha vItarAga ke samAna sUkSma-sAmparAya meM bhI caudaha parISahoM kA niyama ghaTita ho jAtA hai| chadmastha vItarAga ke parISaha kA abhAva hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki bAdhAvizeSa ke uparama(abhAva) hone para bhI usake bhAva ko kahane ke liye sarvArthasiddhi aura saptama naraka meM gamana karane ke sAmarthya ke samAna chadmastha vItarAga ke parISahajaya kA kathana hai| 10,11,12, guNasthAnoM meM parISahoM kA kathana bhaktimAtra dikhAne ke lie nahIM hai, kyoMki una guNasthAnoM meM unakA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai, jaise- sarvArthasiddhi ke devoM meM nirantara sAtAvedanIya kA utkRSTa udaya rahatA hai phira bhI unake saptama pRthvI ke gamana kA sAmarthya naSTa nahIM hotA haiN| arthAt sarvArthasiddhi ke deva gamana karate nahIM hai, parantu gamana karane kA unakA sAmarthya to naSTa nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra vItarAga chadastha ke bhI usa-usa karmajanya parISahoM kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai vA karmodaya sadbhAvakRta parISahoM kA vyapadeza yuktisaMgata ho jAtA hai| 569 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #585
jinameM gyAraha parISaha sambhava haiN| terahaveM guNasthAnavartI kevalI jina ke 11 parISaha hote haiN| yaha kathana upacAra se yA karma kI sattA evam udaya kI apekSA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / koI-koI zvetAmbara mata vAle jinendra bhagavAna ko bhI parISaha mukhya rupa se hote haiM aisA mAnate hai| parantu ghAtiyA~ karmoM kA abhAva hone se kSINa zakti vAle vedanIya karma ke sadbhAva se yA udaya se bhI kevalI ko parISaha janita kSudhAdi parISaha nahIM hote haiN| ekAdaza jine / (11) Eleven afflictions occur to the Omniscient Jina. ghAtiyA~ karma ke udaya rupa sahakArI kAraNa kA abhAva ho jAne se anya karmoM kA sAmarthya naSTa ho jAtA hai| jaise - mantra, auSadhi ke bala se (prayoga se) jisakI mAraNa zakti kSINa ho gaI hai aise viSadravya ko khAne para bhI maraNa nahIM hotA hai, vA viSa dravya mArane kI samartha nahIM haiM, usI prakAra dhyAna rupI agni ke dvArA ghAtiyA~ karma rupI Indhana ke jala jAne para apratihata ( anaMta) jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya rupa ananta catuSTaya ke dhArI kevalI bhagavAna ke antarAya (lAbhAntarAya) karma kA abhAva ho jAne se pratikSaNa zubha karma pudgaloM kA saMcaya hotA rahatA hai| ataH prakSINa sahAya vedanIya karma ke udaya kA sadbhAva hone para bhI vaha apanA kArya nahIM kara sakatA tathA sahakArI kAraNa ke binA sva yogya prayojana utpAdana ke prati asamartha hone se kSudhAdi kA abhAva hai| jaise - terahaveM guNasthAna meM dhyAna ko upacAra se kahA jAtA hai| vaise hI vedanIya kA sadbhAva hone se kevalI meM gyAraha parISaha upacAra se kahI jAtI haiN| athavA yaha vAkya zeSa nahIM hai ki kevalI meM 11 parISaha koI mAnate haiM ? apitu kevalI ke 11 parISaha hai, aisA artha karanA cAhie, jaise samasta jJAnAvaraNa karma kA nAza ho jAne ke kAraNa paripUrNa kevalajJAnI kevalI bhagavAna meM 'ekAgracintA nirodha' kA abhAva hone para bhI karmaraja ke vighna rupa ( karmanAza rupI ) dhyAna ke phala ko dekhakara upacAra se kevalI meM dhyAna kA sadbhAva mAnA jAtA hai isI prakAra kSudhAdi vedanA rUpa vAstavika parISahoM kA abhAva hone para bhI vedanIya 570 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #586
karmodaya rupa dravya parISahoM kA sadbhAva dekhakara gyAraha parISahoM ko kevalI bhagavAna meM upacAra kara liyA jAtA hai| bAdarasAMparAye sarve / ( 12 ) All the afflictions arise in the case of the ascetic with gross passions. bAdara sAmparAya meM saba parISaha sambhava haiM / yahA~ bAdarasAmparAya kahane se guNasthAnavizeSa (navama) guNasthAna (mAtra) kA grahaNa nahIM hai apitu artha nirdeza hai ki pramattAdi saMyatoM kA sAmAnya grahaNa hai| bAdara (sthUla) sAmparAya ( kaSAya) jinake haiM ve bAdara sAmparAya hai / nimitta vizeSa kA sadbhAva hone se sarva parISahoM kA bAdara sAmparAya meM sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai kSudhAdi parISaha meM jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA udaya nimittavizeSa hai| una jJAnAvaraNAdi mAre nimittoM kA sadbhAva rahane para bAdarasAmparAya arthAt pramattasaMyata se lekara navama guNasthAna taka ke sAdhuoM ke kSudhA Adi sabhI parISaha hotI hai| prazna - kisa-kisa cAritra meM sarva parISahoM kI saMbhAvanA hai ? - uttara - sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA aura parihAravizuddhi, ina tIna cAritroM meM kSudhAdi sarva parISoM kI saMbhAvanA hai, arthAt inake sarva parISaha hotI haiM / jJAnAvaraNe prajJAjJAne / (13) prajJA Conceit and ; ajJAna Lack of knowledge, sufferings are caused by the operation of jJAnAvaraNIya, knowledge-obscuring karmas. jJAnAvaraNa ke sadbhAva meM prajJA aura ajJAna parISaha hotI haiM, prajJA kSAyopazamikI hai, arthAt jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se hotI hai, anya jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya ke sadbhAva meM prajJA kA sadbhAva hai ataH kSAyopazamikI prajJA anya jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya meM mada utpanna karatI hai, sarva jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSaya ho jAne para mada nahIM hotA / ataH prajJA aura ajJAna parISaha jJAnAvaraNa karma ke udaya se utpanna hotI haiM arthAt ina donoM pariSahoM kI utpatti meM jJAnAvaraNa karma kA udaya hI kAraNa hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 571

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kevala jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya hone para kevalajJAna hotA hai kevala-jJAna hone para kisI bhI prakAra ahaMkAra nahIM hotA hai| jo atyaMta ajJAnI hai, jaiseekendriya Adi jIva; inake viziSTa kSayopazama nahIM hone se tathA tIvra jJAnAvaraNIya kA udaya hone para vizeSa jJAna na hone ke kAraNa inake bhI prajJA aura ajJAna pariSaha vizeSa nahIM hotI hai| lokokti bhI hai - "rikta canA bAje ghanA" bhartahari ne kahA bhI hai ajJaH sukhamArAdhya: sukhataramArAdhyate vishessjnyH| jJAnalavadUrvidagdhaM brahmApi taM naraM na raMjayati // (13) nItizataka nAsamajha ko sahaja meM prasanna kiyA jA sakatA hai| samajhadAra ko usase bhI sahaja meM prasanna kiyA jA sakatA hai parantu jo na samajhadAra hai, na nAsamajha hai, aise zreNI ke manuSya ko brahmA bhI saMtuSTa nahIM kara skte| isIliye iMglisa meM kahAvata hai - A half mind is always dangerous. jo alpajJa hote haiM ve bhayaMkara hote haiN| "The little mind is proud of own condition." saMkIrNa mana evaM kama buddhi vAle adhika ahaMkArI hote hai| alpajJa loga ahaMkAra se svayaM ko sarvajJa mAnakara satya ko iMkAra karate haiN| mahAn nItijJa cANakya ne batAyA hai - mUrkhasya paMca cinhAni garvI durvacanI tthaa| haThI cApriyavAdI ca paroktaM naiva mnyte|| mUoM ke nimnalikhita pAMca cinha hai| (1) ahaMkArI honA (2) apazabda bolanA (3) haThagrAhI (4) apriya bolanA (5) dUsaroM ke dvArA kahA huA hita satya nahIM maannaa| drshnmohaaNtraayyordrshnaalaabhau| (14) adarzana, Slack-belief by; darzanamohanIya right-belief deluding, and failure 572 For Personal & Private Use Only

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to get alms by 37-kr obstructive, karma. darzanamoha aura antarAya ke sadbhAva meM krama se adarzana aura alAbha parISaha hote haiN| . isa sUtra meM antarAya aisA sAmAnya nirdeza hai phira bhI sAmarthya se vizeSa kA saMpratyaya hotA hai| yadyapi isa sUtra meM antarAya yaha sAmAnya nirdeza hai tathApi yahA~ sAmarthya se (alAbha ke grahaNa se) lAbhAntarAyavizeSa kA hI jJAna hotA hai| arthAt adarzana parISaha darzanamoha ke udaya se aura alAbha parISaha lAbhAntarAya ke udaya se hotI hai; aisA jAnanA caahiye| kyoMki sUtra meM alAbha kA grahaNa hai| cAritramohe naagnyaartistriinissdyaakroshyaacnaastkaarpurskaaraaH| (15) Nakedness; Ennui; woman; Sitting or posture; Abuse; Begging; Respect and disrespect sufferings are due to; caritramohanIya right-Conduct deluding karmas. cAritramoha ke sadbhAva meM nAnya, arati, strI, niSadyA, Akroza, yAcanA aura satkAra-puraskAra parISaha hote haiM:prazna - puruSaveda-strIveda.ke udaya nimitta se hone vAlI nAgnya, arati, strI, Akroza, yAcanA, satkAra-puraskAra parISahoM ko cAritramohanIya ke udaya se mAnanA ThIka bhI hai parantu niSadyA parISaha bhI mohanIya karma ke udaya meM kaise ho sakatI hai? uttara - niSadyA parISaha bhI mohanIya karma ke udaya se hotI hai, prANipIr3A kAraNa hone se| mohanIya karma ke udaya se prANi-hiMsA ke pariNAma hote haiM ataH prANi-hiMsA kI paripAlanA kAraNa hone se niSadyA parISaha ko bhI mohodayahetuka hI samajhanA caahiye| arthAt apratyAkhyAna kaSAya ke udaya se niSadyA parISaha hotI hai| vedanIye shessaaH| (16) The rest are caused by agriet Vedaniya Karmas. They are 11 and given in the 11th sutra above. . bAkI ke saba parISaha vedanIya ke sadbhAva meM hote haiN| 573 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uparyukta prajJAdi parISahoM se atirikta kSutpipAsA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, caryA, zayyA, vadha, roga, tRNasparza aura mala, ye gyAraha parISaha zeSa zabda se nirdiSTa haiM ataH ye gyAraha parISaha vedanIya karma ke udaya meM hotI hai| eka sAtha hone vAle pariSahoM kI saMkhyA ekAdayo bhAjya yugapadekasminnaikonnaviMzateH / ( 17 ) From 1 to 19 at one and the same time can be possible to a saint (but not more than 19) eka sAtha eka AtmA meM eka se lekara unnIsa taka parISaha vikalpa se ho sakatI haiN| zIta, uSNa, zayyA, niSadyA aura caryA, ye pA~co eka sAtha nahIM hotI haiM, ataH eka sAtha unnIsa parISaha hotI haiN| arthAt zIta-uSNa meM se eka zayyA, niSadyA aura caryA ina tInoM meM se eka parISaha eka AtmA meM hotI hai| kyoMki ye tInoM eka sAtha nahIM rahatI ataH zIta aura uSNa meM se koI eka tathA zayyA, niSadyA aura caryA meM se koI eka parISaha hone se aura zeSa tIna kA abhAva hone se eka AtmA meM eka sAtha unnIsa parISaha hI hotI haiM, aisA jAnanA cAhiye / pA~ca cAritra sAmAyikacchedopasthApanAparihAravizuddhisUkSmasAMparAyayathAkhyAtamiti cAritram / ( 18 ) (1) sAmAyika Equanimity. (2) chedopasthApanA, Recovery of equanimity after a fall from it. (3) parihAravizuddhi, Pure and absolute non-injury. (4) sUkSmasAmparAya, All but entire freedom from passion. The 5 kinds of samyak caritra Right conduct (are ) (5) yathAkhyAta, Ideal and passionless conduct. sAmAyika chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi, sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta yaha pA~ca prakAra kA caritra hai / 574 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #590
saMyama kA lakSaNa : vadasamidikasAyANaM, daMDANa tahiMdiyANa pNcnnhN| dhAraNapAlaNaNiggahacAgajao saMjamo bhnnio||(465) ahiMsA, acaurya, satya, zIla (brahmacarya) aparigraha ina pA~ca mahAvratoM kA dhAraNa karanA IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAnanikSepaNa, utsarga ina pA~ca samitiyoM kA pAlanA, krodhAdi cAra prakAra kI kaSAyoM kA nigraha karanA, mana, vacana, kAyarupa daNDa kA tyAga, tathA pAMca indriyoM kA jaya, isako saMyama kahate haiN| ataeva saMyama ke pAMca bheda haiN| saMyama kI utpatti kA kAraNa: bAdarasaMjalaNudaye, suhumudaye samakhaye ya mohss| __saMjamabhAvo NiyamA, hodi tti jiNehiM NiddiTThaM // (466) bAdara saMjvalana ke udaya se athavA sUkSma lobha ke udaya se aura mohanIya karma ke upazama se athavA kSaya se niyama se saMyamarupa bhAva utpanna hote haiM aisA jinendra deva ne kahA hai| isI artha ko do gAthAoM dvArA spaSTa karate haiM bAdarasaMjalaNudaye, bAdarasaMjamatiyaM khu prihaaro| . pamadidare suhumudaye, suhumo saMjamaguNo hodi||(467) ___jo saMyama ke virodhI nahIM hai aise bAdara saMjvalana kaSAya ke dezaghAti spardhakoM ke udaya se sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi ye tIna saMyama-cAritra hote haiN| inameM se parihAravizuddhi saMyama to pramatta aura apramatta meM hI hotA hai, kintu sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA pramattAdi anivRttikaraNaparyanta hote haiN| sUkSmakRSTi ko prApta saMjvalana lobha ke udaya se sUkSmasAparAya guNasthAnavartI saMyama hotA hai| jahakhAdasaMjamo puNa, uvsmdohodimohnniiyss| khayado viyasoNiyamA. hoditti jiNehiM nnittiN|(468) 575 For Personal Private Use Only

Page #591
yathAkhyAta saMyama niyama se mohanIya karma ke upazama yA kSaya se hotA hai aisA jinendradeva ne kahA hai| tadiyakasAyudayeNa ya, viradAvirado guNo have jugvN| vidiyakasAyudayeNa ya, asaMjamo hodi NiyameNa // (469) . tIsarI pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya se viratAvirata = dezavirata : mizravirata-saMyamAsaMyama nAma kA pA~cavA~ guNasthAna hotA hai aura dUsarI apratyAkhyAna kaSAya ke udaya se asaMyama (saMyama kA abhAva) hotA hai| sAmAyika saMyama kA nirUpaNa: saMgahida sayalasaMjamameyajamamaNuttaraM durvgmm| jIvo samuvvaMhato, sAmAiyasaMjamo hodi||(470) ukta vratadhAraNa Adika pA~ca prakAra ke saMyama meM saMgrahanaya kI apekSA se ekayama-bheda rahita hokara arthAt abheda rUpa se "mai sarva sAvadya kA tyAgI hU~" isa taraha se jo sampUrNa sAvadha kA tyAga karanA inako sAmAyika saMyama kahate haiN| yaha saMyama anupama hai tathA durlabha hai aura durdharSa hai| isake pAlana karane vAle ke sAmAyika saMyamI kahate haiN| chedopasthApanA saMyama kA nirUpaNa: chetUNa ya pariyAyaM, porANaM jo Thavei appaannN| paMcajame dhamme so, chedovaTThAvago jiivo||(471) pramAda ke nimitta se sAmAyikAdi se cyuta hokara jo sAvadha kriyA ke karane rUpa sAvadha paryAya hotI hai usakA prAyazcita vidhi ke anusAra chedana karake jo jIva apanI AtmA ko vratadhAraNAdika pA~ca prakAra ke saMyamarUpa dharma meM sthApanA karatA hai usako chedopasthApana saMyamI kahate haiN| parihAravizuddhi saMyamI kA svarUpa : paMcasamido tigutto, pariharai sadA vi jo hu saavjjN| paMcekkajamo puriso, parihArayasaMjado so hu||(472) 576 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pA~ca prakAra ke saMyamiyoM meM se sAmAnya-abhedarUpa se athavA vizeSa-bheda rUpa se sarva-sAvadha kA sarvathA parityAga karane vAlA jo jIva pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti ko dhAraNa kara unase yukta rahakara sadA sAvadha ko tyAga karatA hai usa puruSa ko parihAravizuddhasaMyamI kahate haiN| arthAt jo isa taraha se sAvadha se sadA dUra rahatA hai vaha jIva pA~ca prakAra ke saMyamiyoM meM tIsare parihAravizuddhi saMyama kA dhAraka mAnA jAtA hai| isI kA vizeSa rUpa: tIsaM vAso jamme, vAsapudhattaM khu titthyrmuule| paccakkhANaM paDhido, sNjhuunndugaauyvihaaro||(473) janma se lekara tIsa varSa taka sadA sukhI rahakara punaH dIkSA grahaNa karake zrI tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke pAdamUla meM ATha varSa taka pratyAkhyAna nAmaka nauveM pUrva taka adhyayana karane vAle jIva ke yaha saMyama hotA hai| isa saMyama vAlA jIva tIna saMdhyA kAloM ko chor3akara pratidina do kosa paryanta gamana karatA hai rAtri ko gamana nahIM krtaa| aura isake varSAkAla meM gamana karane kA yA na karane kA koI niyama nahIM hai| sUkSmasAmparAya saMyama vAle kA svarUpa : aNulohaM vedaMto, jIvo uvasAmago va khavago vaa| so suhumasAMparAo, jahakhAdeNUNao kiNci||(474) jisa upazamazreNI vAle athavA kSapakazreNivAle jIva ke aNumAtra lobha-sUkSmakRSTi ko prApta lobhakaSAya ke udaya kA anubhava hotA hai usako sUkSmasAparAya saMyamI kahate haiN| isake pariNAma yathAkhyAta cAritravAle jIva ke pariNAmoM se kucha hI kama hote haiM, kyoMki yaha saMyama dazaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai aura yathAkhyAta saMyama gyAraveM se zurU hotA hai| yathAkhyAta saMyama kA svarUpa: uvasaMte khINe vA, asahe kammammi mohnniiymmi| chadumaTTho va jiNo vA, jahakhAdo saMjado sodu||(475) 577 For Personal & Private Use Only

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__ azubha rUpa mohanIya karma ke sarvathA upazama ho jAne se gyArahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIvoM ke, aura sarvathA kSINa ho jAne se bArahaveM guNasthAnavI jIvoM ke tathA terahaveM, caudahaveM guNasthAna vAle jIvoM ke yathAkhyAta saMyama hotA hai| (go. jI. kA., pR. sa. 216) nirjarAtattva kA varNana . anazanAvamaudaryavRttiparisaMkhyAnarasaparityAgaviviktazayyAsanakAyaklezA . bAhyaM tpH| (19) tapa austerities are, bAhaya external and abhyantara internal. (1) anazana Fasting. (2) avamaudaryya Eating less than one's fill, than one has appetite for. (3) vRttiparisaMkhyAna Taking a mental vow to accept food from a house holder, only if a certain condition is fulfilled, without letting any one know about the vow. (4) rasaparityAga Dailky renunciation of one or more of 6 kinds of delicacies. (5) viviktazayyAsana Sitting and sleeping in lonely place, devoid of animate beings. (6) kAyakle za Mortification of the body, so long as the mind is not disturbed. anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana aura kAyakleza yaha cha prakAra kA bAhya tapa hai| (1) anazana- laukika sukha, maMtrasAdhanAdi dRSTaphala kI apekSA binA saMyama kI siddhi, indriya viSaya sambandhI rAga ke uccheda, karmoM kA vinAza, dhyAna kI siddhi aura Agama jJAna kI prApti ke lie cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karanA upavAsa (anazana) kahalAtA hai| 578 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(2) avamaudarya- saMyama ko jAgRta karane ke liye, doSoM ko zAMta karane ke liye, santoSa, svAdhyAya evaM sukha kI li ke liye avamaudarya hotA hai| tRpti ke liye paryApta bhojana meM se caturtha za ga do cAra grAsa kama khAnA avamaudarya hai aura avamaudarya kA bhAva yA karma avamaudarya kahalAtA hai| (3) vRttiparisaMkhyAna- eka ghara, sAta ghara, eka galI (eka mohallA) arddhagrAma Adi ke viSaya kA saMkalpa karanA vRttiparisaMkhyAna tapa hai| AzA tRSNA kI nivRtti ke liye bhikSA ko jAte samaya sAdhu kA eka, do, tIna, sAta Adi ghara-galI, dAtA, bhojyapadArtha Adi kA niyama kara lenA vRttiparisaMkhyAna tapa (4) rasaparityAga- jitendriyatva, tejovRddhi, saMyama meM bAdhA kI nivRtti Adi ke liye ghI, dUdha, dahI, guDa, namaka, tela Adi rasoM kA parityAga karanA rasaparityAga tapa kahalAtA hai| (5) viviktazayyAsana-jantubAdhA kA parihAra, brahmacarya, svAdhyAya aura dhyAna Adi kI siddhi ke lie nirjantu, zUnyAgAra, giriguphA Adi ekAnta sthAnoM meM zayyA (sonA) Asana (baiThanA) viviktazayyAsana hai| vivikta (ekAnta) meM sone-baiThane se brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana hotA hai, dhyAna aura svAdhyAya kI vRddhi hotI hai aura gamanAgamana kA abhAva hone se jIvoM kI rakSA hotI hai| (6) kAyakleza- aneka prakAra ke pratimAyoga (pratimA ke samAna acala, sthira rahanA) dhAraNa karanA, mauna rakhanA, AtApana (grISmakAla meM sUrya ke sammukha khar3e rahanA), vRkSamUla (cAturmAsa meM vRkSa ke nIce cAra mahInA nizcaya baiThe rahanA), sardI meM nadI taTa para dhyAna karanA Adi kriyAoM se zarIra ko kaSTa denA kAyakleza tapa haiN| ___ bAhya dravya kI apekSA hone se ye bAhya kahalAte haiM arthAt ye anazana Adi tapa bAhya dravyoM kI apekSA (AhAratyAga, svalpAhAra, gharoM kI saMkhyA niyata karanA, rasa chor3anA Adi) apekSA karake kiye jAte haiM, isalie inheM bAhya tapa kahate haiN| ye tapa dUsaroM ke dvArA pratyakSa jJeya haiM tathA ina tapoM ko munIzvara bhI 579 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #595
karate haiM aura gRhastha bhI, samyagdRSTi bhI aura mithyAdRSTi bhI / isalie bhI inheM bAhya tapa kahate haiN| karmoM ko jalAte haiM, bhasma karate haiM, isalie inako tapa kahate haiN| jaise- agni saJcita tRNAdi IMdhana ko bhasma kara detI hai, jalA detI hai, usI prakAra ye tapa mithyAdarzana, avirati kaSAya Adi ke dvArA arjita karma rUpa IMdhana ko bhasma kara dete haiM, jalA dete haiM, naSTa kara dete haiM, isalie inako tapa kahate haiM / athavA indriya aura zarIra ko tApa dete haiM, indriyoM kI viSayapravRtti kA nirodha karake anazanAdi tapa zarIra aura indriyoM ko tapA dete haiM isaliye anazanAdi.. ko tapa kahate haiN| ina anazanAdi bAhya tapoM ke dvArA indriyoM kA nigraha sahaja ho jAtA hai| AbhyAntara tapa prAyazcittavinayavaiyAvRtyasvAdhyAyavyutsargadhyAnAnyuttaram / ( 20 ) The other i.e. Internal, ausrerities are also 6: 1. prAyazcitta Expiation. 2. vinaya Reverence. 3. vaiyAvRtta Service (of the saints or worthy people). 4. svAdhyAya Study. 5. vyutsarga Giving up attachment to the body etc. 6. dhyAna Concentration. prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna yaha chaH prakAra kA Abhyantara tapa hai| (1) prAyazcitta tapa :- pramAdajanya doSa kA parihAra karanA prAyazcitta tapa hai| (2) vinaya tapa:- pUjya puruSoM kA Adara karanA vinaya tapa hai| (3) vaiyyAvRttya tapa:- zarIra kI ceSTA yA dUsare dravyaM dvArA upAsanA karanA vaiyyAvRttya tapa hai| (4) svAdhyAya tapa :- Alasya kA tyAgakara jJAna kI ArAdhanA karanA svAdhyAya 580 For Personal & Private Use Only

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tapa hai| (5) vyutsarga tapa :- ahaMkAra aura mamakAra rUpa saMkalpa kA tyAga karanA vyutsarga tapa hai| (6) dhyAna tapa : citta ke vikSepa kA tyAga karanA dhyAna tapa hai| AbhyAntara para ke uttara bheda navacaturdazapaJcadvibhedA yathAkramaM prAgdhyAnAt / ( 21 ) | The abhyantara tapa Internal austerities previous to dhyAna concentration or meditation are respectively of 9, 4, 10,5 and 2 Kinds. dhyAna se pUrva ke AbhyAntara tapoM ke anukrama se nau, cAra, daza, pAMca aura do bheda haiN| arthAt prAyazcita ke nau, vinaya ke cAra, vaiyAvRtya ke dasa, svAdhyAya ke pA~ca aura vyutsarga ke do bheda hai| prAyazcitta ke nava bheda AlocanapratikramaNatadubhayavivekavyutsargatapazchedaparihAropasthApanAH / (22) The I Kinds of prAyazcitta expiation are: 1. Alocana full and voluntary confession to the head of the order. 2. pratikramaNa Self-analysis and repentance for faults. 3. tadubhaya Doing both . 4. viveka Giving up a much beloved object, as a particular food or drink. 5. vyutsarga Giving up attachment to the body. 6. tapa Austerities of a particular kind prescribed in a penance. 7. cheda Cutting short the standing of a saint by way of degradation. 8. parihAra Rustication for some time. 9. upasthApanA Fresh re-admission, after explulsion from the order. For Personal & Private Use Only 581

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AlocanA, pratikramaNa, tadubhaya, viveka, vyutsarga, tapa, cheda, parihAra aura upasthApanA yaha nava prakAra kA prAyazcitta hai| (1) AlocanA :- guru ke nikaTa (samakSa) daza doSoM ko TAlakara apane pramAda kA nivedana karanA AlocanA hai| (2) pratikramaNa :- 'merA doSa mithyA ho' guru se aisA nivedana karake apanI pratikriyA vyakta karanA pratikramaNa hai| . (3) tadubhaya prAyazcitta :- AlocanA aura pratikramaNa ina donoM kA saMsarga hone para doSoM kA zodhana karanA tadubhaya prAyazcita hai| (4) viveka prAyazcitta :- saMsakta hue anna, pAna aura upakaraNa Adi kA vibhAga karanA viveka prAyazcitta hai| (5) vyutsarga prAyazcitta :- kAyotsarga Adi karanA vyutsarga prAyazcitta hai| (6) tapa prAyazcitta :- anazana, avamaudarya Adi karanA tapa prAyazcitta hai| (7) cheda prAyazcitta :- divasa, pakSa aura mahInA Adi kI pravajyA (dIkSA) cheda karanA cheda prAyazcitta hai| (8) parihAra prAyazcitta :- pakSa, mahInA Adi ke vibhAga se saMgha se dUra rakhakara tyAga karanA parihAra prAyazcitta hai| (9) upasthApanA prAyazcitta :- puna: dIkSA kA prApta karanA upasthApanA prAyazcitta hai| vinaya tapa ke 4 bheda jnyaandrshncaaritropcaaraaH| (23) vinaya Reverence is of 4 kinds. 1. jJAna vinaya For right knowledge. 2. darzana vinaya For right belief. 3. cAritra vinaya For right conduct and 4. upacAra vinaya By observing proper forms of respect, as folding the hands bowing etc. etc. 582 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #598
jJAnavinaya, darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya aura upacAra vinaya yaha cAra prakAra kA vinaya hai| jJAna vinaya- bahumAna sahita jJAna ko grahaNa karanA, jJAna kA abhyAsa karanA, smaraNa karanA Adi jJAnavinaya hai| Alasyarahita (niSpramAdI) hokara dezakAlAdi kI vizuddhi ke jJAtA tathA zuddha mana vAle sAdhu ke dvArA bahumAnapUrvaka yathAzakti mokSa kI prApti ke liye jJAna kA grahaNa, abhyAsa, smaraNa, cintavana Adi karanA jJAnavinaya hai| darzanavinaya- padArthoM ke zraddhAna meM nizaGkitvAdi lakSaNa se yukta honA arthAt nizaMkitAdi ATha guNoM se yukta samyagdarzana kA pAlana karanA darzanavinaya hai| jinendra bhagavAna ne sAmAyika Adi se lekara lokabindusAra paryanta zrutarUpI mahAsamudra meM jina padArthoM kA jaisA upadeza diyA hai, unakA usI rUpa se zraddhAna karanA kisI bhI viSaya meM zaMkA nahIM karanA tathA samyagdarzana ke nizaMkitAdi guNoM ko dhAraNa karanA darzana vinaya hai| cAritravinaya- samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna se yukta puruSoM kA samyakcAritra meM samAhitacitta honA cAritravinaya hai| samyagjJAnavanta aura samyagdRSTi puruSoM ke pA~ca prakAra ke duzcara cAritroM kA varNana sunakara romAJca Adi ke dvArA antarbhakti prakaTa karanA, mastaka para aMjuli rakhakara praNAma karanA Adi kriyAoM ke dvArA Adara karanA aura bhAvapUrvaka cAritra kA anuSThAna karanA cAritravinaya jAnanA caahiye| upAcAravinaya- pUjanIya AcAryAdi ko sAmane dekhakara (pUjanIya AcAryAdi puruSoM ke Ane para unako dekhakara) khar3e ho jAnA, unake pIche pIche calanA, aMjuli jor3anA, unakI vandanA karanA, unakI AjJA meM calanA Adi AtmAnurUpa AcaraNa upacAravinaya hai| AcArya ke samakSa na hone para unake parokSa meM unake prati kAya se aMjuli dhAraNa karanA, hAtha jor3anA, namaskAra karanA, vacana se unake guNoM kA saMkIrtana karanA, unakI prazaMsA karanA, mana se unake guNoM kA smaraNa karanA aura mana-vacana-kAya se unake parokSa meM bhI unakI AjJA kA pAlana karanA 583 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #599
upacAravinaya hai| _jJAnalAbha, AcAravizuddhi aura samyagArAdhanA Adi kI siddhi vinaya se hI hotI hai aura anta meM mokSasukha bhI isase milatA hai, ata: vinayabhAvanA avazya hI rakhanI caahiye| vaiyAvRttya tapa ke 10 bheda / aacaaryopaadhyaaytpsvishaikssglaangnnkulsNghsaadhumnojnyaanaam| (24) vaiyAvRtya Service is of 10 kinds, as it relates to the : 1. AcArya Head of an order of saints. 2. upAdhyAya Preceptor in an order of saints. 3. tapasvi Saint who practises severe aurterities as long fasts etc. 4. staz Student Saint. 5. glAna Invalid Saints. 6. gaNa Brothers.of the same order. " 7. kula Fellow-disciples of the same Head. 8. Piet Whole order as such i.e. all the 4 classes of which the order consists. 1. RSi Saints with miraculous powers. 2. ufa Saint with control over the senses. int with Visual and Mental knowledge. 4. anagAra Saint a houseless ascetic. Or, all the 4 classes of the community i.e. 1. yati Monk. 2. AryikA Nun. 3. zrAvaka Layman. 4. zrAvikA Laywoman 9. sAdhu Saint of long standing. 10. manojJa Popular Saint. AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, zaikSa, glAna, gaNa, kula, saMgha, sAdhu aura manojJa 584. For Personal & Private Use Only

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inakI vaiyAvRtya ke bheda se vaiyAvRtya dasa prakAra kA hai| .. vaiyAvRttya :- vaiyAvRttya kA bhAva vA karma vaiyAvRttya hai| kAyaceSTA se vA anya dravyAntara se vyAvRtta (sevA karane meM tatpara) puruSa kA karma vA bhAva vaiyAvRttya kahalAtA haiN| (1) AcArya :- jinase vratoM ko dhAraNa kara unakA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, ve AcArya haiN| jina samyagdarzana, jJAna Adi guNoM ke AdhArabhUta mahApuruSa se bhavyajIva svargamokSarUpa amRta ke bIjabhUta (svarga mokSadAyaka) vratoM ko grahaNa kara apane hita ke liye AcaraNa karate hai, vratoM kA pAlana karate haiM vA jo dIkSA dete haiM, ve AcArya kahalAte haiN| (2) upAdhyAya:- jinake 'upa' samIpa jAkara adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai, ve upAdhyAya haiN| athavA, jina vratazIla bhAvanAzAlI mahAnubhAva ke samIpa jAkara bhavyajana vinayapUrvake zruta kA adhyayana karate haiM ve upAdhyAya haiN| (3) tapasvI:- mahopavAsa (eka mahInA, do mahInA Adi kA upavAsa) karake jo mahAtapoM kA anuSThAna karate haiM, ve tapasvI kahalAte haiN| (4) zaikSya :- zikSAzIla ko zaikSya kahate haiM, arthAt zrutajJAna ke zikSaNa meM tatpara aura satat vrata bhAvanA meM nipuNa zaikSya (zikSaka) kahalAte haiN| (5) glAna:- jinakA zarIra rogoM se AkrAnta hai. ve glAna kahalAte haiN| (6) gaNa:- sthaviroM kI santati ko gaNa kahate haiN| (7) kula:-dIkSA dene vAle AcArya kI ziSya-paramparA kula kahalAtI haiN| (8) saMgha:- yati, RSi, muni aura anagAra, ina cAra prakAra ke muniyoM ke samUha ko saMgha kahate haiM vA cAra prakAra ke muniyoM kA samUha saMgha kahalAtA (9) sAdhu:- cirakAla se bhAvita pravrajyAguNa (dIkSA guNa) vAle purAne sAdhaka sAdhu kahalAte haiN| (10) manojJa :- abhirUpa ko manojJa kahate haiN| athavA, jo vidvAn muni vAgmitA (vAkpaTutA), mahAkulInatA Adi guNoM ke dvArA loka meM prasiddha haiM, ve manojJa haiN| aise logoM kA saMgha meM rahanA loka meM pravacana gaurava kA kAraNa hotA haiN| 585 For Personal & Private Use Only -

Page #601
athavA, saMskAroM se susaMskRta asaMyata samyagdRSTi ko bhI manojJa kahate haiM (kyoMki * usase pravacana kI prabhAvanA hotI hai / ) ina AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, zaikSya, glAna, kula, gaNa, saMgha, sAdhu aura manojJoM para vyAdhi, parISaha, mithyAtva Adi kA upadrava hone para una upadravoM kA prAsuka auSadhi, AhArapAna, Azraya, caukI phalaka, ghAsa kI caTAI Adi dharmopakaraNa (kamaNDalu, picchikA, zAstrAdi) ke dvArA pratIkAra karanA tathA mithyAtva kI ora jAte hue ko samyaktvamArga meM dRr3ha karanA vaiyAvRttya hai| bAhya prAsuka auSadhi AhAra-pAnAdi dravyoM ke abhAva meM bhI apane zarIra se (hAtha se) khaMkAra, nAka Adi ke bhItarI mala ko sApha karanA aura unake anukUla vAtAvaraNa banA denA, unake anukUla anuSThAnAdi karanA vaiyAvRttya kahA jAtA hai| samAdhidhAraNa, vicikitsAbhAva, ( glAni para vijaya ) pravacana vAtsalya, sanAthatA tathA dUsaroM meM sanAthavRtti jatAne Adi ke liye vaiyAvRttya karanA Avazyaka hai| svAdhyAya Study is of 5 Kinds: 1. vAcanA Reading. 2. pRcchanA Questioning Inquiry on a doubtful point.. 3. anuprekSA Reflextion or meditation on what is read. svAdhyAya tapa ke 5 bheda vAcanApRcchanAnuprekSAmnAyadharmopadezA: / ( 25 ) 4. AmnAya Memorising and proper recitation. 5. dharmopadeza Lecturing or delivering sermons. vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza yaha pA~ca prakAra kA svAdhyAya haiN| 1. vAcanA- nirapekSa bhAva se tattvArthajJa ke dvArA pAtra ke liye jo nirdoSa grantha vA grantha ke artha yA donoM (grantha aura akSara ina ) kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai vaha vAcanA hai| 2. pRcchanA - saMzayaccheda yA nirNaya kI puSTi ke liye grantha, artha yA ubhaya 586 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke liye dUsare se pUchanA pRcchanA hai| 3. anuprekSA-adhigata (jAne hue) artha kA mana ke dvArA abhyAsa karanA anuprekSA hai| vastu ke svarUpa ko jAnakara saMtapta lohapiNDa ke samAna citta ko tadrUpa banA lenA aura bAra-bAra mana se usakA abhyAsa karanA anuprekSA nAma kA svAdhyAya 4. AmnAya- vizuddha ghoSa se pATha kA parivartana karanA AmnAya hai| AcAra pAragAmI vratI kA laukika phala kI apekSA kiye binA druta vilambita Adi uccAraNa doSoM se rahita hokara vizuddha pATha kA pheranA, ghoSa karanA AmnAya svAdhyAya hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai| 5. dharmopadeza-dharmakathA Adi kA anuSThAna karanA dharmopadeza hai| laukika khyAti, lAbha Adi dRSTa prayojana ke binA, unmArga kI nivRtti ke lie, saMzaya ko . dUra karane ke liye tathA apUrva padArtha ke prakAzana ke liye dharmakathA Adi kA anuSThAna kathana karanA dharmopadeza nAmaka svAdhyAya kahalAtA hai| vyutsarga tapa ke 2 bheda baahyaabhyntropdhyoH| (26) vyutsarga Giving up attachment to worldly objects is of 2 kinds : 1. bAhya upAdhi Of external things. 2. abhyantara upAdhi Of internal things as the passions etc. bAhya aura abhyantara upadhikA tyAga yaha do prakAra kA vyutsarga hai| vyutsarjana (tyAga) ko vyutsarga kahate haiN| jo padArtha anya meM balAdhAna ke liye grahaNa kiye jAte haiM, arthAt jo kisI ke sahakArI kAraNa hote haiM unako bAhya upadhi kahate haiN| (1) bAhyopadhi vyutsarga- anupAta, bAhya saMyoga vastu kA tyAga bAhyopadhi tyAga vA vyutsarga hai| jo bAhya padArtha AtmA ke dvArA upAtta nahIM hai vA jo bAhya padArtha AtmA ke sAtha ekatva ko prApta nahIM hue haiM, una padArthoM kA tyAga karanA use bAhyopadhi vyutsarga jAnanA cAhiye, arthAt bAhya padArthoM ke 587 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #603
tyAga ko bAhyopadhi vyutsarga kahate haiM arthAt indriya viSayoM kA tyAga karanA bAhyopadhi vyutsarga hai| (2) abhyantaropadhi vyutsarga-krodhAdi bhAvoM kI nivRtti abhyantaropadhi vyutsarga hai| krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha, mithyAtva, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya aura jugupsA Adi abhyantara doSoM kI nivRtti arthAt abhyantara parigraha kA tyAga karanA, abhyantara upadhi kA tyAga kahalAtA hai vA abhyantaropadhi vyutsarga hai| kAya (zarIra) ke mamatva kA tyAga karanA abhyantara upadhi kA tyAga hai| kAya ke mamatva kA tyAga do prakAra kA hai-niyatakAla aura yaavjjiivn| ghar3I, ghaMTA Adi niyatakAla taka sAmAyika Adi ke samaya zarIra ke mamatva kA tyAga karanA, kAyotsarga karanA niyatakAla hai aura samAdhi Adi ke samaya jIvana paryanta zarIra ke mamatva kA tyAga karanA yAvajjIvana tyAga hai| dhyAna tapa kA lakSaNa uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyaanmntrmuhuurtaat| (27) dhyAnaM Concentration is confining one's thought to hone particular object. In a man with a high class consitiuation of bone, nerves etc. i.e. the first 3 out of the 6 saMhanana it lasts at the most for i.e. upto one antarmuhUrta i.e. 48 minutes minus one smy| uttama saMhanana vAle kA eka viSaya meM cittavRtti kA rokanA dhyAna hai jo antarmuharta kAla taka hotA hai| Adi ke tIna saMhanana uttama kahalAte haiM, arthAt vajravRSabha nArAca, vajranArAca aura nArAca, ye tIna saMhanana uttama kahalAte haiN| ina tInoM sahananoM ko uttama kyoM kahate haiM ? dhyAnAdi meM vizeSa sahAyaka kAraNa hone se inako uttama kahate hai| inameM mokSa kA kAraNa to eka Adi kA vajravRSabha nArAca saMhanana hI hotA hai, parantu dhyAna ke kAraNa to Adi ke tInoM sahanana hote haiN| uttama saMhanana jisake hai vaha uttama saMhanana hai, uttama saMhanana vAle ke dhyAna antarmuhUrta taka hotA hai| cintA-anta:karaNa kA vyApAra hai| arthAt padArthoM meM antaHkaraNa kI vRtti-vyApAra 588 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #604
ko ciMtA kahate haiN| aniyata kriyArtha kA niyatakriyA akartRtva se avasthAna honA nirodha hai| gamana, bhojana, zayana aura adhyayana Adi vividha kriyAoM meM aniyama rUpa se bhaTakane vAlI cittavRtti ko eka kriyA meM roka denA nirodha hai, aisA jAnA jAtA hai| eka 'agra' mukha jisake hai vaha ekAgra hai, usa eka agra meM ciMtA kA nirodha ekAgraciMtAnirodha hai| prazna- yaha ekAgratva se ciMtA nirodha kaise hotA hai ? . dIpaka kI zikhA ke samAna vIryavizeSa ke sAmarthya se cittavRtti kA eka sthAna meM nirodha ho jAtA hai| jaise-nirAbAdha (vAyurahita) pradeza meM prajvalita dIpazikhA parispandana nahIM karatI hai, sthira rahatI hai, usI prakAra nirAkula sthAna meM (ekalakSya meM) zaktivizeSa se avarUdhyamAna (rokI gaI) cittavRtti, binA vyAkSepa ke ekAgratA se sthira rahatI hai, anyatra nahIM bhttktii| _ 'ekaM agraM' eka dravya paramANu yA bhAvaparamANu yA anya kisI artha meM cintA ko (citta vRtti ko) niyamita karanA, kendrita karanA, sthira karanA, ekAgra cintAnirodha hai| muhUrta kA parimANa 48 minaTa hai| muhUrta kAlavizeSavAcI hai, usakA parimANa 48 minaTa pUrva meM kaha diyA gayA hai| .. isameM uttama saMhanana kA kathana, anya saMhanana se itane kAla taka sthira rahane kI asamarthatA pragaTa karane ke liye hai| arthAt uttama saMhanana vAlA jIva hI itane samaya. (antarmuharta) taka eka padArtha meM cittavRtti kA nirodha kara sakatA haiM, anya saMhanana vAle nhiiN| isa bAta kI sUcanA karane ke liye sUtra meM uttama saMhanana zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'ekAgra' zabda vyagratA, caMcalatA kI nivRtti ke liye hai, kyoMki jJAna vyagra hotA hai aura dhyAna ekAgra, ata: dhyAna kI ekAgratA ko prakaTa karane ke liye ekAgra zabda diyA gayA hai| jJAnAtmakacintA kI paryAyavizeSa meM dhyAna zabda kA prayoga hotA hai, 589 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #605
isa bAta kI sUcanA karane ke liye 'cintAnirodha' dhyAna kA vizeSaNa kiyA gayA hai| cintA jJAna kI paryAya haiN| usa jJAna kI vyagratA haTa jAnA hI dhyAna hai| mUhUrta vacana AhArAdi kI vyAvRtti ke liye hai| AhArAdi kA bhAva A jAne para cittavRtti dhyAna se cyuta ho jAtI hai ata: usa AhArAdi kAla kI nivRtti ke lie muhUrta zabda kahA gayA hai| athavA, dhyAna kA utkRSTa kAla antarmuhUrta hai| isake bAda eka hI dhyAna lagAtAra nahIM raha sktaa| cintAnirodha tuccha abhAva (sarvathAbhAva) rUpa nahIM hai kintu kisI paryAya kI apekSA bhAvAntara rUpa iSTa hai| anya cintAoM ke abhAva kI apekSA dhyAna asat hokara bhI vivakSita lakSya ke sadbhAva kI apekSA sat svarUpa hai| arthAt vivakSita artha ke viSaya avagama svabhAva kI sAmarthya kI apekSA dhyAna asti rUpa hai| dhyAna ke bheda aarauidrdhrmyshuklaani| (28) It if of 4 kinds: 1. ArtadhyAna Painful or meditation, monomania. 2. raudradhyAna Wicked concentration on unrighteous gain etc. 3. dharmadhyAna Righteous concentration. 4. TCPMEZINA Pure concentration i.e. concentration on the soul. Arta, raudra, dharmya aura zukla se dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN| 1. ArtadhyAna- Rtu, duHkha aura ardana ko Arti kahate haiM aura Arti se hone vAlA dhyAna ArtadhyAna hai| 2. raudradhyAna- rulAne vAle ko rudra yA krUra kahate haiM, usa rudra kA karma yA bhAva raudradhyAna kahalAtA hai| 3. dharmyadhyAna- dharma se yukta dhyAna dharmyadhyAna kahalAtA hai| 4. zukladhyAna- zuci guNa ke yoga se zukla hotA hai| jaise- maila haTa jAne se zuci guNa ke yoga se vastra zukla kahalAtA hai, arthAt vastra zuci hokara 590 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #606
zukla (zveta varNa ujjavala) ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra guNoM ke sAdharmya se nirmala guNa rUpa AtmapariNati bhI zukla kahalAtI hai| ye cAroM prakAra ke dhyAna prazasta aura aprazasta ke bheda se do prakAra ke hai- pApa ke kAraNa bhUta dhyAna aprazasta hai aura karma ko dahana karane ke sAmarthya se yukta dhyAna prazasta kahalAte hai| arthAt jisase karmo kA nAza hotA hai, vaha prazasta dhyAna hai| Adi ke ho dhyAna (Artta, raudra) aprazasta haiM aura dharmya aura zukla dhyAna prazasta haiN| pare moksshetu| (29) The last two erofezia, PREZA are the causes of liberation. The other two ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna are the causes of mundane bondage. unameM se para arthAt anta ke do dhyAna mokSa ke hetU haiN| 'pare mokSahetu' dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna mokSa ke kAraNa hai, aisA kahane para parizeSa nyAya se pUrva Arta, raudradhyAna saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM, yaha jAnA jAtA hai kyoMki tIsare sAdhya kA abhAva hai arthAt saMsAra aura mokSa ko chor3akara tIsarA koI bheda yA avasthA nahIM haiN| isa sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna donoM mokSa ke lie kAraNa hai| ekAgraciMtA nirodha dhyAna hone ke kAraNa jaba taka ciMtA (bhAvamana) rahatI hai taba taka dhyAna hotA hai| bhAvajana kA abhAva 12 veM guNasthAna ke aMta taka ho jAtA hai isalie vastuta: 13veM 14veM guNasthAna meM upacAra se zukla dhyAna hai aura sidhda avasthA meM upacAra se bhI dhyAna mAtra kA bhI AbhAva hai| isa se siddha hotA hai ki dhyAna AtmA kA svabhAva nahIM hai parantu mokSa mArga ke lie kAraNa hai| kucha Adhunika ekAnta vAdI AdhyAtmika zAstra evaM zuddha neya kA bahAnA (Ar3a) lekara zukla dhyAna ko to mokSa kA kAraNa mAnate haiM aura dharmadhyAna ko saMsAra kA kAraNa mAnate haiM kintu sUtrakAra ke sUtroM se svayaM isa mata kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai| zubha-dhyAna zubha pariNAma se hotA haiM tathA zubha pariNAma samyagdarzana pUrvaka hotA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna sahita evaM dezacAritra evaM sakala cAritra pUrvaka jo zubhakriyA yA zubhadhyAna hotA hai ve saba puNyabaMdha ke sAtha-sAtha pApa ke saMvara nirjarA kA kAraNa banate haiN| jo 591 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #607
puNyabaMdha hotA hai evaM zubhabhAva va dhyAna hotA hai vaha bhI mokSa ke lie paramparA se kAraNabhUta banate haiN| zubhabhAva evaM zubhadhyAna bhI zuddhabhAva evaM zukladhyAna ke lie kAraNa banate haiN| digambara jainAgama ke zreSThatama siddhAntazAstra jayadhavala meM vIra sena svAmI ne uparokta siddhAnta kA pratipAdana nimna prakAra se kiye haiM suha pariNAma paNAlIe viNA ekka sarAheNeva suvisudhda pariNAmeNa pariNamanAsaMbhavAdo tti eso ettha sutttthsbbhaavo| zubha pariNAma kI praNAlI ke binA eka bAra meM hI suvisuddha pariNAma rUpa se pariNamana asambhava hai| isa prakAra isa artha kA sadbhAva yahA~ para svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| pariNAmoM visuddho puvvaM pi aMtomuhattappahuDi visunjhamANo Agado aNaMtaguNAe visohiie| pariNAma vizuddha hotA hai tathA antarmuhUrta pahale se hI anantaguNI vizuddhi ke dvArA vizuddha hotA huA AyA haiN| visuddho ceva pariNAmo edassa hoi tti edeNa suttAvayaveNa asuhapariNAmANaM vudAsaM kAdUNa suha-suddhapariNAmaM ceva ettha saMbhavo tti jANavidaM Na kevalamedammi ceva adhApavattaraNa carimasamae visuddha parimANo edassa jAdo kintu puvvaM pi adhApavattakaraNa pAraMbhAdo heTThA aMtonuhuttappahuDi khavag2aseThiyAogga visohIe paDisamayamaNaMta guNAe visujjhamANo ceva aagdo|| cAritra mohanIya kI kSapaNA kA prArambha karane vAle jIva kA pariNAma vizuddha hI hotA hai| isa prakAra isa sUtra vacana se azubha pariNAmoM kA vyudAsa karake zubha-zuddha pariNAma hI yahA~ para sambhava hai, isa bAta kA jJAna karAyA gayA hai| kevala ise adha: pravRtta karake antima samaya meM hI isakA vizuddha pariNAma ho gayA hai, kintu adha: pravRktakaraNa ke prArambha karane ke pUrva hI nIce antarmuhUrta se lekara kSapaka zreNI ke yogya vizuddhi kA avalambana lekara pratyeka samaya meM anantaguNI vizuddhi se vizuddha hotA huA hI AyA hai| zubha pariNAma zuddha pariNAma ke kAraNa hone se binA zubha pariNAma ke 592 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #608
zuddha pariNAma nahIM ho sakate haiM, kyoMki kAraNa ke binA kArya kA saMpAdana honA trikAla, tIna loka meM asaMbhava hai| isalie bhI zubha pariNAma mokSa mArga meM prAthamika sAdhaka arthAt caturtha guNasthAna se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM ke liye heya nahIM parantu upAdeya hai| utkRSTa zubha pariNAma caturtha guNasthAna meM nahIM hotA hai kintu sAtaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| binA nirgrantha muni liGga dhAraNa kiye chaTavA~ sAtavA~ guNasthAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| ata: utkRSTa zubha pariNAmoM kI prApti ke liye bhI nirgrantha muni liGga kI AvazyakatA hai| kevala zubha pariNAma zuddha pariNAma ke lie hI kAraNa nahIM hai kintu saMvara-nirjarA ke lie bhI kAraNa hai| itanA hI nahIM, zubha evaM zuddha pariNAma ke binA karma kA kSaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| suha sudhda pariNAmehi kammakkhayA bhAve tkkhyaannuvvttiido|" zubha aura zuddha pariNAmoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| AtmAnuzAsana meM guNa bhadrAcArya ne kahA bhI hai azubhAcchubhamAyAt zuddhaH syaadymaagtm| raveraprAptasaMdhyasya tamaso na smudgmH||(122) Emerging from evil into good, this (Soul) reaches, with the help of the scriptures, (the Stage of) pure thought activity. Darkness (of ignorance) cannot exist in presence of the pre-evening from sun (of knowledge). . yaha ArAdhaka bhavyajIva Agama jJAna ke prabhAva se azubhasvarUpa asaMyama avasthA se zubharUpa saMyama avasthA ko prApta huA samasta karmamala se rahita hokara zuddha ho jAtA hai| ThIka hai-sUrya jaba taka sandhyA (prabhAtakAla) ko nahIM prApta hotA haiM taba taka vaha aMdhakAra ko naSTa nahIM karatA hai| vidhutatamaso rAgastapaH shrutnibNdhnH| __saMdhyArAga ivArkasya jantorabhyudayAya sH||(123) 593 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #609
The red tinge (i.e. attachment), of a person whose ignorance is dispelled, supports qusterity and scriptiral knowledge; and like the red dawn of the rising sun is for the prosperity of all beings. ajJAna rUpa aMdhakAra ko naSTa kara dene vAle prANI ke jo tapa evaM zAstraviSayaka anurAga hotA haiM vaha sUrya kI prabhAtakAlIna lAlimA ke samAna usake abhyudaya (abhivRddhi) ke liye hotA hai| ArtadhyAna kA lakSaNa evaM bheda ArtamamanojJasya saMprayoge tadviprayogAya smRtismnvaahaarH| (30) .. ArtadhyAna Painful concentration or monomonia is of 4 kinds. The first kind of monomonia is fig future onconnection with an unpleasing object to repeatedly think of separation from it. amanojJa padArtha ke prApta hone para usake viyoga ke liye cintA-sAtatya kA honA prathama ArtadhyAna hai| bAdhAkArI viSa, kaNTaka, zatru, zAstrAdi apriya vastue~ amanojJa kahalAtI haiN| jo viSa kaNTaka, zatru Adi apriya hai, use bAdhA kI kAraNa hone se amanojJa kahate haiN| arthAntara (dUsare padArtha) kI ora mana ko na jAne dekara use bAra-bAra eka hI padArtha meM lagAye rakhanA samanvAhAra hai| smRti kA samanvAhAra smRti samanvAhAra hai| bAdhAkArI viSa, kaNTaka Adi apriya vastu kA saMyoga milane para 'ye mujhase dUra kaise hoM' isa prakAra kA saMkalpa cintA kA prabandha ArtadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| ____ anAdi kAlIna moha evaM avidyA Adi kusaMskAra ke kAraNa jIva dUsare padArthoM meM iSTAniSTa Aropa kara letA hai| aniSTa saMyoga hone para unako dUra karane ke lie bAra-bAra vicAra karatA hai| usakI hI yojanA banAtA hai| jaba taka aniSTa saMyoga hotA hai usake mana meM aneka saMkalpa vikalpa uThate haiM jisase mana meM vikAra utpanna hotA hai evaM vibhinna mAnasika tanAva se grasta ho jAtA hai| isase aneka zArIrika-mAnasika roga ke sAtha-sAtha pApabaMdha bhI hotA hai, 594 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #610
jaise-duryodhana pANDavoM ko aniSTaM jAnatA thA aura unako rAjya se nikAlane ke lie, mArane ke lie yojanA banAtA thaa| lA hI nahIM isa aniSTa saMyogaja ArtadhyAna ke kAraNa hI mahAbhArata jaise jana dhana saMhAraka mahAyuddha huaa| parivAra meM bhI duSTA bahu, duSTA sAsa, duSTA bhAI bandhu ke kAraNa isa prakAra kA aniSTa saMyogaja ArtadhyAna hotA hai kalaha hotI hai evaM saMyukta parivAra Tukar3e-Tukar3e meM bikhara jAtA hai| isa dhyAna kA varNana jJAnArNava meM zubhacandrA cArya ne nimna prakAra kiyA hai jvlnvnvissaastrvyaalshaarduuldaityaiH| sthala jalabila sattvairdurjanArAti bhuupaiH| svajana dhanazarIra dhvaMsibhistairaniSTairbhavati .yadiha yogAdAdyamAta tadetat // (23) (pR.416, a.23) .. apane kuTumbI jana, dhanasampatti aura zarIra ko naSTa karane vAle agni, araNya (athavA jala) viSa, zastra, sarpa siMha va daitya aura sthala ke prANI, jala ke prANI evaM bila ke prANI (sarpAdi) aura durjana, zatru va rAjA ityAdi; ina aniSTa padArthoM ke sambandha se jo yahA~ saMkleza aura cintA hotI hai usakA nAma prathama ArtadhyAna hai| ..' tathA carasthirairbhAvairanekaiH smupsthitaiH| - aniSTairyanmanaH kliSTaM syAdAta ttprkiirtitm||(24) . isake atirikta cara (calate-phirate) aura sthira aneka aniSTa padArthoM ke upasthita hone para jo mana meM kleza utpanna hotA hai use ArtadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| zrutardRSTaiH smRtAte: pratyAsattiM ca saMzritaiH / yo'niSTArthairmana: klezaH pUrvamAta tdissyte||(25) - sune hue dekhe hue smaraNa meM Aye hue aura samIpatA ko prApta hue aniSTa padArthoM ke nimitta se jo mana meM kleza hotA hai vaha prathama ArtadhyAna mAnA jAtA hai| 595 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #611
azeSAniSTasaMyoge tdviyogaanucintnm| yatsyAttadapi tattvajJaiH pUrvamAta prakIrtitam // (26) . samasta aniSTa padArthoM kA saMyoga hone para unake viyoga ke lie jo cintA hotI hai use bhI tattvajJa janoM ne prathama ArtadhyAna kahA hai| viparItaM mnojnysy| (31) The second monomania is its opposite i.e. sefauts on beings reparated from a pleasing object to repeatedly thinkg of reunion with __manojJa vastu ke viyoga hone para usakI prApti kI satat cintA karanA dUsarA ArtadhyAna haiN| . pUrvakathita se viparyaya viparIta kahalAtA hai| jaise-manojJa viSaya (priyavastu, putra, kalatra, dhanAdi) kA viyoga ho jAne para usake puna: saMyoga ke liye (punaH prApti ke liye) jo atyadhika cintAdhArA calatI hai, mana anya padArtho meM na jAkara bAra-bAra usI ke cintana meM lIna rahatA hai, vaha bhI ArtadhyAna hai| mohanIya karma ke kAraNa jIva bAhya vastu ke iSTa evaM manojJa kA Aropa karake usake prati mamatva karatA hai| usa vastu ko vaha svavastu mAnatA hai evaM usakI satat surakSA cAhatA hai| usako vaha tyAganA nahIM cAhatA hai| usakA sAmIpya satat cAhatA hai| usake viraha se vaha duHkhI hotA hai evaM usako prApta karane ke lie vaha satat prayatna karatA hai| jaise- sItA haraNa ke bAda kSAyika samyakdRSTi, balabhadra, rAmacandra tadbhava mokSagAmI hote hue bhI sItA ke lie atyanta dukhI hue, vikSubdha hue, usakA hI dhyAna karane lge| itanA hI nahIM viraha vedanA se itanA vikSubdha ho gaye the ki jisase ve mAnasika rUpa se vikalAMga hokara nadI, parvata, per3a, pazu, pakSI se bhI sItA ke bAre meM pUchatAcha karate the| isI prakAra iSTa putra, mitra, bhAI bandhu ke viyoga se, maraNa se jIva isa iSTa viyogaja ArtadhyAna ko itanA karatA hai ki khAnA-pInA bhUla jAtA hai, zoka karatA hai, sira phor3a letA hai, yahA~ taka ki kabhI-kabhI Atma hatyA bhI kara letA hai| parantu isa dhyAna se ajJAnI vyakti yaha nahIM jAnatA hai ki 596 For Personal & Private Use Only

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marane ke bAda jIva usa pUrva paryAya ko dhAraNa karake vApasa nahIM AtA hai| vaha yaha bhI nahIM jAnatA hai ki jisane puNya kiyA vaha svarga Adi uttama gati meM jAkara sukha bhoga rahA hai aura yahA~ taka ki vaha hama loga ko bhUla karake bhoga meM masta ho gayA hogaa| yadi pApa kiyA hogA to durgati meM jAkara kaSTa bhogatA hogA usa kaSTa ke kAraNa bhI hameM bhUla gayA hogA-yadi bhUlA nahI hogA to bhI duHkha karane se unheM kisI bhI prakAra kA sukha nahIM pahuMca sakatA hai| kevala duHkha hone para evaM ArtadhyAna karane para pApa bandha hotA hai| jJAnArNava meM isa dhyAna kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai raajyaishvrykltrbaandhvsuhRtsaubhaagybhogaatyye| cittpriitikrprsnnvissyprdhvNsbhaave'thvaa| ssNtraasbhrmshokmohvivshairytkhidyte'hrnishN| tatsyAdiSTaviyogajaM tanubhatAM dhyAnaM klngkaaspdm||(29) (pR.246 sa.25) - jo rAjya, aizvarya, strI, kuTuMba, mitra, saubhAgya, bhogAdi ke nAza hone para, tathA citra ko prIti utpanna karane vAle sundara indriyoM ke viSayoM kA pradhvaMsabhAva hote huai, saMtrAsa, pIr3A, bhrama, zoka, mohake kAraNa nirantara khedarUpa honA so jIvoM ke iSTa viyogajanita ArtadhyAna hai, aura yaha dhyAna pApa kA sthAna hai| . dRSTazrutAnubhUtaistaiH . pdaarthaishcittrnyjkaiH| viyoge yanmanaH khinnaM syAdAtaM tadvitIyakam // (30) dekhe sune anubhave manako raMjAyamAna karane vAle pUrvokta padArtho kA viyoga hone se jo manako kheda ho vaha bhI dUsarA ArtadhyAna hai| manojJavastuvidhvaMse punsttsNgmaarthibhiH| - klizyate yattadetatsyAdvitIyAtasya lkssnnm||(31) apane manakI pyArI vastu kA vidhvaMsa hone para usakI prApti ke liye jo kleza rUpa honA so dusare ArtadhyAna kA lakSaNa hai| .. 597 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vedanAyAzca / (32) The third monomania is: pIr3Acintavana on being affeicted by a disease or trouble to be repeatedly thinking of becoming free from it. vedanA ke hone para use dUra karane ke lie satat cintA karanA tIsarA ArtadhyAna prakaraNa se duHkha-vedanA kA bodha hotA hai| yadyapi vedanA zabda sukha, duHkha ke anubhava karane ke viSaya meM sAmAnya hai tathApi yahA~ para ArtadhyAna kA prakaraNa hone se duHkha se vedanA kA avabodha hotA hai| usa vedanA kA pratIkAra karane ke liye tatpara rahane vAle ke dhairya khokara nirantara jo vedanA dUra karane kA cintana hai, vaha bhI ArtadhyAna hai| pUrvoparjita asAtA vedanIya ke udaya se tathA ayogya AhAra, vihAra, AcAra-vicAra va vAtAvaraNa se vibhinna zArIrika, mAnasika roga A gherate hai| una rogoM ke kAraNa pIDA bhI hotI hai| isa pIr3A ke kAraNa jIva bAra-bAra vicAra karatA hai kaise roga dUra ho, mujhe kabhI bhI roga nahIM ho| isI prakAra kI cintA se vaha mAnasika rUpa se aura bhI adhika rogI ho jAtA hai jisase vaha aura bhI adhika zArIrika aura mAnasika rogI ho jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM isa ArtadhyAna se pApa karma kA baMdha hotA hai jisase bhaviSyat kAla ke lie bhI zArIrika, mAnasika, evaM Adhyatmika roga ke kAraNa bhUta bIjoM kA saMcaya karatA hai| abhI manovijJAna meM siddha ho gayA ki roga ke bAre meM cintA karane se roga bar3hatA hai| roga ke bAre meM cintA na karake sat sAhitya kA adhyayana, bhagavAn kA guNagAna, pUjana, stavana, dhyAna, prazasta udAtta manobhAva se roga dara hotA hai evaM pratirodhaka zakti bar3hatI hai| jJAnArNava meM isa dhyAna kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai kAsazvAsabhagandarodarajarAkuSThAtisArajvaraiH pittazleSmamarutprakopa janita rogaiH shriiraantkaiH| 598 For Personal & Private Use Only

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syAtsattvaprabalaiH pratikSaNa bhavairyadyAkulatvaM nRNAM . tadrogArttamaninditaiH prakaTitaM durvAraduHkhAkaraM // (32) pR.246 sa.25 vAtApittakapha ke prakopa se utpanna hue zarIra ko nAza karanevAle vIrya se prabala aura kSaNa-kSaNa meM utpanna hone vAle kAsa, zvAsa, bhagaMdara, jalodara, jarA, koDha, atisAra jvarAdika rogoM se manuSyoM ke jo vyAkulatA hotI hai use aniMdita puruSoM ne rogapIDAcintavana nAmA ArtadhyAna kahA hai| yaha dhyAna durnivAra aura duHkhoM kA AkAra hai, jo ki AgAmI kAla meM pApa bandha kA kAraNa hai| svalpAnAmapi rogANAM mAbhUtsvapne'pi sNbhvH| mameti yA nRNAM ciMtA syAdAta tttRtiiykm||(33) jIvoM ke aisI ciMtA ho ki mere kiMcit bhI roga kI utpatti svapna meM bhI na ho aisA ciMtavanA so tIsarA ArtadhyAna hai| . nidAnaM c| (33) The fourth monomania is: ForGra On being over anxious to enjoy worldly objects and not getting them in this world to repeatedly think of gaining them in future. . nidAna nAma kA cauthA ArtadhyAna hai| nidAna aprApta kI prApti ke liye hotA haiM, isameM pAralaukika viSaya-sukha kI gRddhi se anAgata artha-prApti ke liye satat cintA calatI rahatI hai| jJAnANarva meM kahA bhI haibhogA bhogIndrasevyAstribhuvanajayinI rUpasAmrAjyalakSmI rAjyaM kSINAricakraM vijitasukhadhUlAsyalIlAyuvatyaH anyaccAnandabhUtaM kathamiha bhavatItyAdi cintaasubhaajaaN| yattadbhogAryamuttaM paramaguNadharairjanmasantAnamUlaM // (34) (jJAnArNavaH pR.247) 599 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dharaNIndra ke sevane yogya to bhoga aura tIna bhuvana ko jItanevAlI rUpa sAmrAjya kI lakSmI tathA kSINa ho gaye haiM zatruoM ke samUha jisameM aisA rAjya aura devAMganAoM ke nRtya kI lIlA ko jItane vAlI strI, ityAdi aura bhI AnaMdarUpa vastuyeM mere kaise ho, isa prakAra ke ciMtavana ko parama guNoM ko dhAraNa karanevAloM ne bhogArtta nAmA cauthA ArttadhyAna kahA hai| aura yaha saMsAra kI paripATI se huA hai aura saMsAra kA mUla kAraNa bhI hai| puNyAnuSThAnajAtairabhilaSati padaM yajjinendrAmarANAm yadvA taireva vAMchatyahitakulakujacchedamatyantakopAt / pUjAsatkAralAbhaprabhRtikamathavA yAcate yadvikalpai: syAdArttaM tannidAnaprabhavamiha nRNAM duHkhadAvogradhAma / / (35) jo prANI puNyAcaraNa ke samUha se tIrthaMkarake athavA devoM ke pada kI vAMchA kareM, athavA una hI puNyAcaraNoM se atyanta kopake kAraNa zatrusamUharUpI vRkSoM ke ucchedanekI vAMchA kareM tathA una vikalpoM se apanI pUjA, pratiSThA, lAbhAdika kI yAtanA kareM, unako nidAnajanita ArttadhyAna kahate haiN| yaha dhyAna bhI jIvoM kI duHkha rUpI agnikA tIvra sthanA hai| iSTabhogAdisiddhayarthaM ripughAtArthameva yannidAnaM manuSyoM ke iSTa bhogAdika kI siddhi ke liye tathA zatru ke ghAta ke liye jo nidAna ho, so cauthA arttadhyAna hai / manuSyANAM * syAdArttaM 600 That of the following stages of spirituality. guNasthAna: avirata Vowless i.e., in the first 4 stages. vA / tatturIyakaM // ( 36 ) guNasthAnoM kI apekSA ArtadhyAna ke svAmI tadaviratadezaviratapramattasaMyatAnAm / ( 34 ) painful concentration is possible only to a man in any dezavirata With partial vows ie in the Sth stages. pramattasaMyata Monk with some carelessness i.e. in the 6th stages. For Personal & Private Use Only

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yaha ArtadhyAna avirata, dezavirata aura pramattasaMyata jIvoM ke hotA hai| asaMyata samyagdRSTi paryanta, avirata, saMyatA- saMyata aura 15 pramAda sahita kriyA kA anuSThAna karane vAle pramattasaMyatoM ke hote haiM / pramatta saMyatoM ke pramAda ke udreka se nidAna ArttadhyAna ko chor3akara kadAcit anya tIna ArttadhyAna hote haiN| kyoMki nidAna zalya vratoM ke dhAtaka hai arthAt saMyata ke nidAna nAma kA ArttadhyAna nahIM ho sakatA / jJAnArNava: meM kahA bhI hai itthaM caturbhiH prathitairvikalpairArta samAsAdiha anantajIvAzayabhedabhinnaM brUte samagraM yadi hi praNItam / vIranAtha: // ( 35 ) ( jJAnArNavaH pR. 420 ) isa prakAra utta cAra prasiddha bhedoM ke sAtha yahA~ saMkSepa se ArtadhyAna ko nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| vaise jIva ananta tathA unake abhiprAya bhI cU~ki ananta haiM, ataeva ukta ArtadhyAna ke bhI ananta bheda ho jAte haiN| unakA yadi pUrNarUpa se koI nirUpaNa kara sakatA hai to ve vIra jinendra hI kara sakate haiM, anya koI chadmastha usakA pUrNatayA nirUpaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai| paryante ramyamapyagrimakSaNe | apathyamapi viddhyasaddhyAnametaddhi SaDguNasthAnabhUmikam // ( 36 ) yaha asamIcIna ArtadhyAna yadyapi prathama kSaNa meM ramya pratIta hotA hai phira bhI vaha pariNAma meM ahitakAraka hI hai, yaha jAna lenA caahie| vaha prathama chaha guNasthAnoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| saMyatAsaMyateSvetaccaturbhe pramattasaMyatAnAM tu vaha saMyatAsaMyatoM meM prathama pA~ca guNa sthAnoM meM- uparyukta cAroM bhedoM saMyukta rahatA hai / parantu pramattasaMyata jIvoM ke vaha nidAnabheda se rahita zeSa tIna bhedayukta pAyA jAtA hai| kRSNanIlAdyasallezyAbalena duritadAvArci: idaM - da nidAnarahitaM prajAyate / FareTT 11(37) pravijRmbhate / prasUterindhanopamam / / ( 38 ) For Personal & Private Use Only 601

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jisa prakAra IMdhana dAvAnala kI jvAlA ko vistRta karatA hai, usI prakAra yaha ArtadhyAna pAparUpaagni kI jvAlA ko vistRta karatA hai| vaha kRSNa aura nIla Adi azubhalezyA ke bala se vRddhiMgata hotA haiM / etadvinApi yatnena svayameva anAdyasatsamudUtasaMskArAdeva yaha prANiyoM ke binA prayatna ke hI anAdi kAla se utpanna hue duSTa saMskAra ke vaza svayaM upanna hotA hai| anantaduHkhasaMkIrNamasya kSAyopazamiko isa dhyAna kA phala ananta duHkhoM se vyApta tiryaMca gati kI prApti haiM / yaha kSAyopazamika bhAva hai aura kAla isakA antarmuhUrta haiN| tiryaggatiH prasUyate / dehinAm // (39) 602 zaGkAzokabhayapramAdakalahazcintAbhramodbhrAntaya / unmAdo viSayotsukatvamasakRnnidrAGgajADyazramAH / mUrcchAdIni zarIriNAmavirataM liGgAni bAhyAnyalamArtAdhiSThitacetasAM zrutadharairvyAvirNitAni sphuTam // ( 41 ) zaMkA, zoka, bhaya, pramAda, jhagaDAlu vRtti, cintA, bhrAnti, vyAkulatA, pAgalapana, viSayoM kI abhilASA, nirantara nidrA, zarIra kI jar3atA, parizrama aura mUrcchA Adi ye usa ArtadhyAna se AkrAnta mana vAle prANiyoM ke nirantara bAhya cinha hote haiM jo spaSTatayA pUrNazruta ke dhAraka gaNadharoM ke dvArA kahe gaye haiN| raudradhyAna ke bheda va svAmI hiMsAnRtasteyaviSayasaMrakSaNebhyo raudramaviratadezaviratayo: / ( 35 ) phalam / bhAva: kAlazcAntarmuhUrtakaH // ( 40 ) raudradhyAna Wicked concentration is of 4 kinds. hiMsAnanda Delight in humtfulness. anRtAnanda Delight in falsehoods. steyAnanda Delight in theft. viSayasaMrakSAnanda Delight in preservation of objects of sense For Personal & Private Use Only

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enjoyments. This is possible in the Avirata i.e. the first 4 and in deshavrata i.e. the 5th stages. hiMsA, asatya, corI aura viSayasaMrakSaNa ke lie satat cintA karanA raudradhyAna hai / vaha avirata aura dezavirata ke hotA hai / hiMsA, anRta Adi kA nimitta lekara dhyAna kI dhArA calatI hai, ataH hiMsAdi kA hetu rUpa se nirdeza kiyA hai| arthAt ukta lakSaNa vAle hiMsA, jhUTha, corI aura parigraha raudradhyAna ke nimitta hote haiN| ataH hiMsAdi raudradhyAna kI utpatti ke kAraNa haiN| (1) hiMsAnaMda - tIvra kaSAya ke udaya se hiMsA meM Ananda mAnanA hiMsA naMda raudra dhyAna hai / jaise- visamArka-kaMsa, hiTalara, musolina, taimUralaMga Adi tAnAzAhI rAjA hiMsA karake AnaMdita hote the / hate niSpIDite dhvaste svena cAnyena yo darthite / jantujAte harSastAddhiMsAraudramucyate / (4) svayaM apane dvArA athavA anya ke dvArA prANisamUha ke mAre jAne para, dabAye jAne para, naSTa kiye jAne para athavA pIr3ita kiye jAne para jo harSa huA karatA hai use raudra dhyAna kahate haiM / saMvAsa: saha nirdayairavirataM naisargikI krUratA / yatsyAddehabhRtAM tadatra gaditaM raudraM prazAntAzayaiH // (6) (jJAnA. pR. 424 ) gaganavanadharitrIcAriNAM dalanadahanabandhacchedaghAteSu (jJAnA. pR.saM. 424 ) prANiyoM ke jo hiMsA karane meM kuzalatA, pApa ke upadeza meM atizaya pravINatA, nAstika mata ke pratipAdana meM caturatA, pratidina prANa ghAta meM anurAga, duSTajanoM ke sAtha sahavAsa tathA nirantara jo svAbhAvika duSTatA rahatI hai use yahA~ vItarAga mahAtmAoM ne raudra dhyAna kahA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only dehabhAjAM yatnam / .603

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dRtinakhakaranetrotpATane tadiha kautukaM gaditamuccaizcetasAM zrute dRSTi smR yA mudastaddhi vijJeyaM 604 yat / raudramittham // (8) AkAza jala aura pRthvI ke Upara saMcAra karane vAle prANiyoM ke pIsane, jalAne, bAMdhane, kATane aura prANaghAta karane meM jo prayatna karatA hai tathA unakA camar3A, nakha, hAtha aura netroM ke ukhAr3ane meM jo kutUhala hotA hai use yahA~ manasvI janoM ne raudradhyAna kahA hai| (jJAnA. pR.425) jantuvadhAdyurUparAbhave / raudraM duHkhAnalendhanam ||10|| jIvoM ke vadha Adi tathA unake mahAn parAjaya ke sunane, dekhane athavA smaraNa hone para jo harSa huA karatA hai use raudra dhyAna jAnanA caahie| vaha raudra dhyAna duHkha rUpa agni ke bar3hAne meM IMdhana ke samAna kAma karatA haiN| ahaM kadA kariSyAmi pUrvavairasya asya citrairvadhaizceti cintA raudrAya (jJAnA. pR. 426) isake aneka prakAra ke vadha ke dvArA meM pUrva vaira kA pratikAra kaba karU~gA, isa prakAra ko cintana bhI raudradhyAna ke lie usakA kAraNa bhUta mAnA gayA hai| kiM kurmaH zaktivaikalyAjjIvantyadyApi vidviSaH / tarhyamutra haniSyAmaH prApya kAlaM tathA balam / / (10+2 ) niSkrayam / kalpitA / / (10+1) kyA kareM, zakti kI hInatA se zatru Aja bhI jIvita haiN| yadi ve isa samaya naSTa nahIM kiye jA sakate haiM to mara karake aura taba bala ko prApta karake unheM agale bhava meM naSTa kareMge, isa prakAra kA jo vicAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha raudradhyAna hI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only hiMsopakaraNAdAnaM krUrasattveSvanugraham / nistriMzatAdiliGgAni raudre bAhyAni dehinAm / / (13)

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hiMsA ke upakaraNabhUta viSa zastrAdi kA grahaNa karanA, duSTa jIvoM ke viSaya meM upakAra kA bhAva rakhanA tathA nirdayatApUrNa vyavahAra Adi ye prANiyoM ke usa raudradhyAna ke bAhya cinha hai| isa hiMsAnaMda ke kAraNa jIva dUsaroM ko kaSTa dete haiM, dUsaroM para ghAta karate haiM, dUsare deza kA AkramaNa karate haiM, nirIha pazu, pakSI kA saMhAra karate haiM, isase unako pApa baMdha hotA hai, va durgatiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| isake kAraNa viplava, AtaMkavAda phailatA hai| jIvoM kA hanana hotA hai, jisase aneka jIvoM kI jAti evaM prajAti kA lopa hotA hai| isake kAraNa prakRti kA saMtulana bigar3a jAtA hai jisase ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, bhUcAla, bhUkampa hotA hai, roga bar3hatA haiN| (2) mRSAnaMda- jina para dUsaroM kA zraddhAna ho sake aisI apanI buddhi ke dvArA kalpanA kI haI yuktiyoM ke dvArA dasaroM ko Thagane ke liye, jhUTha bolane ke saMkalpa kA bAra-bAra cintavana karanA mRSAnanda nAma kA dUsarA raudra dhyAna hai| astyklpnaajaalkshmliikRtmaansH| ceSTate yajjanastAddhi mRSAraudraM prkiirtitm||(14) (jJAnA.pR.428) jisa manuSya kA hRdaya asatya kalpanAoM ke samUha se moha ko prApta huA hai vaha jo kucha bhI pravRtti karatA hai use mRSAraudra dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| ... pAtayAmi janaM mUDhaM vysne'nrthsNktte| . vAkkauzalyaprayogeNa vAJchitArthaprasiddhaye // (19) _maiM abhISTa prayojana ko siddha karane ke lie vacana cArtuya kA upayoga * karake mUrkha jana ko anarthoM se bhayAnaka Apatti meM DAlatA hU~, aise cintana kA nAma mRSAnanda raudra dhyAna hai| imAna jaDAnbodhavicAravicyucyatAnpratArayAmyadya vcobhirunntaiH| amI pravaya'nti madIyakauzalAdakAryavaryeSviti nAtra saMzayaH // (20) maiM jJAna aura vicAra se rahita ina mUoM ko Aja apane unnata vacanoM ke dvArA ThagatA huuN| ye merI caturAI se mahAn akAryoM meM pravRtta hogeM, isameM sandeha 605 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nahIM haiM, aisA vicAra karanA hI raudra dhyAna hai| jhUTha bola kara ke jhUTha ko sahI mAnanA evaM usameM AnaMdita honA mRSA naMda nAma kA ArtadhyAna hai| purANa prasiddha satyaghoSa isake lie acchA udAharaNa hai| asatya bolane se asatya bolane vAloM ke Upara dUsaroM kA vizvAsa nahIM hotA, satya chipa jAtA hai, kalaha yuddha Adi hote haiN| asatya ke kAraNa nyAyAlaya meM mukadame kA nirNaya zIghra nahIM hotA hai evaM dhana, sampatti, bAdI hotI hai| samaya (3) steyAnaMda - balapUrvaka yA lobha ke vazavartI hokara dUsare kI dhana, sampatti ko haraNa karane kA bAra-bAra dhyAna karanA steyAnaMda raudradhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ke kAraNa jIva cora banatA hai, Dakaita banatA hai, jeba kaTara banatA hai| isa dhyAna kAraNa hI zakti sampanna vyakti rAjA, mahArAjA dUsare deza para AkramaNa karake dUsare deza kI dhana, sampatti ke sAtha-sAtha deza ko hI har3apa lete haiN| jaise sikandara ko bhAratIya eka DAkU ne kahA thA ki yadi maiM DAkU hU~ to tuma mahADAkU ho kyoMki maiM to kevala hamAre deza kI dhana-sampatti ko har3apatA hU~ parantu tuma to dUsare deza kI sampatti va usa deza ko hI har3apa lete ho / jJAnArNava meM cauyanaMdI kA varNana nimna prakAra kiyA hai| 606 cauryopadezabAhulyaM yaccaryekarataM cAturyaM jo corI viSayaka upadeza kI adhikatA, corI ke kArya meM 'caturatA aura usa corI ke viSaya meM jo asAdhAraNa rati hotI hai use cauyanaMnda raudradhyAna mAnA jAtA hai| cauryakarmaNi / cetastaccauryAnandamiSyate / / (22) yaccauryAya zarIriNAmaharahazcintA samutpadyate kRtvA cauryamapi pramodamatulaM kurvanti yatsaMtatam / cauryeNApahRte paraiH paradhane yajjAyate saMbhramastaccauryaprabhavaM vadanti nipuNA raudraM sunindAspadam / / (23) prANiyoM ke lie jo pratidina corI ke nimitta cintA utpanna hotI hai, ko karake bhI jo nirantara anupama Ananda karate haiM, aura jo dUsaro ke For Personal & Private Use Only

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dvArA corI se haraNa kiye gaye dUsaro ke dhana ke viSaya meM Adara yA utsukatA hotI hai use tattvajJa jana corI se utpanna hone vAlA (cauryAnanda) raudradhyAna kahate haiN| vaha atizaya nindA kA kAraNa hai| kRtvA sahAyaM varavIrasainyaM tathAbhyupAyAMzca bahuprakArAn / dhanAnyalabhyAni cirArjitAni sadyo hariSyAmi janasya dhAtryAm // (24) dvipadacatuSpadasAraM dhanadhAnyavarAGganAsamAkIrNam / vastu parakIyamapi me svAdhInaM cauryasAmarthyAt // (25) itthaM curAyAM vividhaprakAraH zarIribhiryaH kriyate'bhilASaH / apAraduHkhArNavahetubhUtaM raudraM tRtIyaM tadiha praNItam // (26) dIrghakAla se kamAyA huA jo logoM kA dhana pRthivI para saralatA se nahIM prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai usako maiM utkRSTa yoddhAoM kI senA kI sahAyatA se aneka prakAra ke upAyoM ko karake zIghra hI grahaNa karU~gA / dupada aura catuSpadoM meM utkRSTa tathA dhana, dhAnya evaM uttama striyoM se vyApta jo bhI dUsaroM kI vastu hai, vaha corI ke bala se mere svAdhIna hai - maiM use saralatA se prApta kara sakatA hU~ / isa prakAra se prANI jo corI ke viSaya meM aneka prakAra kI icchA kiyA karate haiM use yahAM tIsarA raudradhyAna kahA gayA hai aura vaha aparimita dukharUpa samudra kA kAraNabhUta hai / (4) viSayasaMrakSaNAnaMda- lobha kaSAya ke tIvra udaya se tathA tIvra parigraha - saMjJA ke kAraNa jIva cetana-acetana rUpa parigraha kA saMcaya karane ke lie jo bAra - bAra cintavana karatA hai use viSaya - saMrakSaNAnaMda (parigraha saMrakSaNAnaMda) raudradhyAna kahate haiN| piNyAkagaMdhaka, zvazrunavanIta, Adi vyakti viSayasaMrakSaNAnaMda meM prasiddha ho gaye haiN| isa dhyAna ke kAraNa jIva dhana sampattiyoM ke lie corI karate haiM, DAkA DAlate haiM, vyApAra meM milAvaTa karate haiM, vikrayakara evaM Ayakara kI corI karate haiM / isa dhyAna ke kAraNa dUsaroM kA zoSaNa bhI karate haiM, isase eka vyakti dhannAseTha, pU~jIpati, mAlika bana jAtA hai, jisase samAja meM Arthika viSamatA phailatI hai jisase dhanI, garIba mAlika, majadUra zoSaka-zoSita Adi viSama vargoM kA sUtrapAta hotA hai jisase deza meM rASTra meM azAMti vipalva, yuddha, har3atAla Adi hote hai / For Personal & Private Use Only 607

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jJAnArNava meM kahA bhI hai Aropya dagdhvA nizitaiH puragrAmavarAkarANi (28) Acchidya gRhNanti dharAM madIyAM kanyAdiratnAni dhanAni nArI: / ye zatravaH saMprati lubdhacittAsteSAM kariSye kulakakSadAham // (29) sakala bhuvana pUjyaM vIra vargopasevyaM svajana dhana samRddhaM ratnarAmAbhirAmam / amitavibhavasAraM vizvabhogAdhipatyaM prabalaripukulAntaM hanta kRtvA mayAptam // (30) zarodhairnikRtya vairivrajamuddhatAzam / prApsye'hamaizvaryamananyasAdhyam // bhittvA bhuvaM jantukulAni hatvA pravizya durgANyaTavIM vilngghy| kRtvA padaM mUrdhni madoddhatAnAM mayAdhipatyaM kRtamatyudAram // (31) jalAnalavyAlaviSaprayogaivizvAsabhedapraNidhiprapaJcaiH / utsAdya niHzeSamarAticakraM sphuratyayaM me prabalaH pratApaH // (32). manuSyaiH / jagadekanAthaiH // (33) 608 ityAdisaMrakSaNasaMnibaddhaM saMcintanaM yatkriyate saMrakSaNAnandabhavaM tadetadraudraM praNItaM viSaya saMrakSaNAnanda raudra dhyAnI isa prakAra vicAra karatA hai - maiM dhanuSa ko car3hAkara tIkSNa vANa samUha dvArA atizaya prabala AzA rakhane vAle zatruoM ke samUha ko cheda karake aura unake pura, gA~va va khAnoM ko jalA karake jo aizvarya dUsaroM ko alabhya hai use prApta karU~gA / jo zatru lobha yukta mana se merI bhUmi ko AcchAdita karake kanyA Adi ratnoM dhana aura divya striyoM ko grahaNa karate hai, maiM isa samaya unake kula rUpa vana ko bhasma karU~gA / harSa hai ki maine atizaya balavAn zatruoM ke samUha ko naSTa karake samasta saMsAra se pUjane ke yogya vIra puruSoM ke samUha dvArA upabhoga karane ke yogya kuTumbIjana aura dhana se vRddhiMgata, ratnoM va striyoM se ramaNIya tathA aparimita zreSTha vaibhava For Personal & Private Use Only

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se paripUrNa, aise samasta bhogoM ke svAmitva ko prApta kiyA hai| maiMne pRthvI ko bheda karake prANisamUhoM kA dhAta karake, durgama sthAnoM (parvatAdi) meM praveza karake, vana ko lAMgha karake aura abhimAna meM cUra rahane vAle zatruoM ko sira para pAda prahAra karake mahAn svAmitva ko prApta kiyA hai| jala, agni, sarpa aura viSa ke prayoga se tathA vizvAsa utpanna karAkara, phUTa utpanna karAkara evaM isI prakAra kI anya bhI kapaTa pUrNa pravRttiyoM se samasta zatru samUha ko naSTa kara dene se yaha merA prabala pratApa pragaTa hai| ityAdi prakAra se manuSya jo viSayasaMrakSaNa se sambaMdhita vicAra kiyA karate hai use loka ke advitIya adhipati svarUpa jinendra deva ne saMrakSaNAnanda janya raudra dhyAna kahA hai| hiMsAdi ke Aveza aura parigraha Adi ke saMrakSaNa ke kAraNa dezavratI ke bhI raudra dhyAna hotA hai; kabhI kbhii| parantu dezavrata kA raudra dhyAna samyak darzana ke sAmarthya se (samyakadarzana ke sAtha hone se) naraka gati Adi kA kAraNa nahIM hotA hai| saMyata ke raudra dhyAna nahIM hotA kyoMki raudra bhAva meM saMyama se cyuta ho jAte hai| ve hiMsA Adi ke Aveza meM saMyama raha nahIM sktaa| kyoMki jaba AtmA raudra dhyAna se yukta hotA hai taba usake saMyama nahIM raha sktaa| ye cAroM meM hI dhyAna pramAdAdhiSThAna hai arthAt pramAda bhAva inakI utpatti meM kAraNa hai| tathA narakagati meM jAnA isa raudra dhyAna kA phala hai arthAt raudra dhyAnI naraka meM jAtA hai| jaise-agni se saMtapta loha piNDa cAroM tarapha se jala khIMcatA hai-usI prakAra ina Arta raudra rUpa aprazasta dhyAnoM se pariNata AtmA cAroM ora se karma rUpI jala khIMcatA hai/ kArmANa vargaNAoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| . dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa va bheda . . AjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dhrmym| (36) dharmadhyAna Righteous concentration is of 4 Kinds i.e. contemplation of.. 1. AjJAvicaya The principles taken on the faith of the scriptures as.being the teachings of the Arhats. 2. apAyavicaya As to how the universal wrong belief knowledge 609 For Personal & Private Use Only

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and conduct of people can be removed. 3. fanfarer The fruition of the 8 Kinds of Karmas. 4. saMsthAnavicaya The nature and constitution of the universe. AjJA, upAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna inakI vicAraNA ke niminta mana ko ekAgra karanA dharmyadhyAna haiN| (1) AjJAvicaya :- upadeza denevAle kA abhAva hone se, svayaM mandabuddhi hone se, karmoM kA udaya hone se aura padArthoM ke sUkSma hone se tathA tattva ke samarthana meM hetu aura dRSTAnta kA abhAva hone para sarvajJapraNIta Agama ko pramANa karake 'yaha isI prakAra hai, kyoMki jina anyathAvAdI nahIM hote' isa prakAra gahana padArtha ke zraddhAna dvArA artha kA avadhAraNa karanA AjJAvicaya dharmyadhyAna hai / athavA svayaM padArthoM ke rahasya ko jAnatA hai aura dUsaroM ke prati uta karanA cAhatA hai, isalie sva- siddhAnta ke avirodha dvArA tattva kA samarthana karane ke lie usake to tarka, naya aura pramANa kI yojanArUpa nirantara cintana hotA hai vaha sarvajJa kI AjJA ko prakAzita karane vAlA hone se AjJAvicaya kahA jAtA hai| ( 2 ) apAyavicaya dharmyadhyAna :- mithyAdRSTi jIva janmAndhapuruSa ke samAna sarvajJapraNIta mArga se vimukha hote haiM, unheM sanmArga kA parijJAna na hone se ve mokSArtho puruSoM ko dUra se hI tyAga dete haiM isa prakAra sanmArga ke upAya kA cintana karanA apAyavicaya dharmyadhyAna haiN| athavA, ye prANI mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra se kaise dUra hoMge isa prakAra nirantara cintana karanA apAyavicaya dharmyadhyAna haiN| ( 3 ). vipAkavicaya dharmyadhyAna :- jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhAvanimittaka phala ke anubhava ke prati upayoga kA honA vipAka vica dharmyadhyAna haiN| 610 For Personal & Private Use Only

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zukladhyAna ke svAmI zukle cAdye pUrvA / (37) zukladhyAnaM pure concentration is also fo 4 kinds. The first two kinds of pure concentration are only possible to saints possessed of a knowledge of the 14 pUrva Adi ke do zukla dhyAna pUrvavida ke hote haiN| Adi ke do zukladhyAna dhAraNa karane kA sAmarthya sakala zruta ke dhArI ke hai, anya ke nhiiN| isa bAta kI sUcanA dene ke lie pUrvavid vizeSaNa kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| pUrvakathita dharmadhyAna ke samucyaya ke lie 'ca' zabda kA ullekha kiyA hai ki pUrvavidra ( zrutakevalI) ke Adi ke pRthak vitarka vIcAra aura ekatvavitarka ye do dhyAna hote hai / aura dharmadhyAna bhI hotA hai| 1 dharmadhyAna zreNI-ArohaNa ke pahale hotA hai tathA zreNyArohaNakAla meM zukla dhyAna hotA hai, yaha bAta vyAkhyAna se jJAta ho jAtI hai| yahA~ para jo varNana kiyA ki 'pUrvavid' arthAt 14 pUrva yA 9 pUrva ke jJAtA pahale ke 2 zukla dhyAna ko dhyAtA hai yaha kathana utkRSTa rUpa se hai / parantu rUpa se aSTa pravacana mAtRkA ke dhArI munizvara bhI zukla dhyAna kara sakate haiN| jaba muni mahArAja dhyAnAruda hokara bhAva vizuddhi ko prApta karate hai taba jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama kI vizeSa vRddhi hotI hai jisase Age jAkara pUrvadhArI bana jAte haiM kyoMki jisa dhyAna ke mAdhyama se jJAnAvaraNIya kSaya hokara kevalajJAna ho sakatA hai usa dhyAna se pUrvavid honA kyA Azcarya hai| isa apekSA se yahA~ kahA bhI gayA hai ki Adi ke 2 dhyAna sakala zruta ke dhArI 'zruta kevalI ko hote haiM / pare kevalinaH / (38) The last 2 kinds of man of perfect knowledge kevali pure concentration are peculiar to the zeSa ke do dhyAna kevalI ke hote haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only 611

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'kevalI' yaha zabda sAmAnya hai, ataH isa kevalI zabda se acitya vibhUti rUpa kevalajJAna sAmrAjya kA anubhava karane vAle saMyoga kevalI aura ayogakevalI ina donoM kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| isase yaha phalitArtha huA ki upazAMtamohI ke pRthaktva vitarka zukla dhyAna, kSINamohI (bArahaveM guNasthAna) ke ekatvavitarka zukla dhyAna, saMyogakevalI ke sUkSmakriyApratipAtI aura ayoga kevalI ke vyuparatakriyAnivRtti zukladhyAna hotA hai| ataH antima do zukla dhyAna kevalI ke hote haiM, chahasthoM ke nahIM / zukla dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM ke nAma pRthaktvaikatvavitarkasUkSmakriyApratipAtivyuparatakriyAnivartIni / ( 39 ) The 4 kinds of zukladhyAna pure concentration are: 1) pRthakattva vitarka vicAra Absorption in meditation of the self but unconsciously alluling its different attributes to replace one another. 2) ekatva vitarka vicAra Absarption is one aspect of the self without changing the particular aspect concentrated upon. 3) sUkSmakriyA pratipAti The very fine vibratory movements in the soul even when it is deeply absarbed in it self in a kevali. 4) vyuparatakriya nivarti Total absarpation of the soulin it self steady and undisturbably fixed without any motion ar vibration what so ever. pRthaktva vitarka, ekattva vitarka, sUkSmakriyApratipAti aura vyuparatakriyA nivarti cAra zukla dhyAna hai| pRthaktvazukladhyAna kA lakSaNa dravyANyanekabhedAni zAntamohastato 612 yogairdhyAyati hyetatpRthakvamiti zAntamoha arthAt gyArahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIva, tIna yogoM ke dvArA aneka bhedoM se yukta dravyoM kA jo dhyAna karatA hai vaha pRthaktva nAma kA zukla dhyAna kahA gayA hai| yattribhiH / kIrtitam / / ( 45 ) ( tatvArthasAra pR. 186 ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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pRthaktvazukladhyAna kI vizeSatA zrutaM yato vitarkaH syAdyata: puurvaarthshikssitH| pRthaktvaM dhyAyati dhyAnaM savitakaM tato hi tt||(46) arthavyaJjanayogAnAM vicAraH saMkramo mtH| vIcArasya hi sadbhAvAt savIcAramidaM bhvet||(47) cU~ki vitarka kA artha zruta hai aura caudaha pUrvo meM pratipAdita artha kI zikSA se yukta muni isakA dhyAna karatA hai isaliye yaha dhyAna savitarka kahalAtA hai| artha, zabda aura yogI kA saMkramaNa-parivartana vIcAra mAnA gayA hai| isa dhyAna meM ukta lakSaNa vAlA vIcAra rahatA hai| isaliye yaha dhyAna savIcAra hotA hai| ekatvazukladhyAna kA lakSaNa dravyameke tathaikena yogenAnyatareNa c| dhyAyati kSINamoho yattadekatvamidaM bhavet // (48) kSINamoha arthAt bArahaveM guNasthAna meM rahane vAlA muni tInoM meM se kisI eka yoga ke dvArA ekadravya kA jo dhyAna karatA hai vaha ekatva nAma kA dUsarA zukladhyAna hai| ekatvazukladhyAna kI vizeSatA zrutaM yato vitarkaH syAdyata: puurvaarthshikssitH| ekatvaM dhyAyati dhyAnaM savitakaM tato hi tt||(49) arthavyaJjanayogAnAM vIcAraH saMkramo mtH| vIcArasya hyasadbhAvAdavIcAramidaM bhvet||(50) cU~ki vitarka kA artha zruta hai aura caudahapUrta meM pratipAdita artha ko zikSA se yukta muni ekatva kA dhyAna karatA hai isaliye yaha dhyAna savitarka hotA hai| artha, zabda aura yogoM kA saMkramaNa vicAra mAnA gayA hai| aise vicAra 'kA sadbhAva isa dhyAna meM nahIM rahatA isaliye yaha avicAra hotA hai| sUkSmakriyAzukla dhyAna kA lakSaNa 613 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jo dhyAna vitarka aura vIcAra se rahita hai tathA sUkSmakAyayoga ke avalambana se hotA hai vaha sUkSmakriyA nAma kA zukladhyAna hai| vaha samasta padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA hai / atyanta sUkSma kAyayoga meM vidyamAna kevalI bhagavAn usa prakAra ke kAyayoga ko rokane ke liye isa zukladhyAna kA dhyAna karate . haiN| avitarkamavIcAraM sUkSmakAyAvalambanam / sUkSmakriyaM bhaved dhyAnaM sarvabhAvagataM hi tat // ( 51 ) kAyayoge'tisUkSme tad vartamAno hi kevalI / zuklaM dhyAyati saMroddhaM kAyayogaM tathAvidham / / (52) vyuparatakriyA zukladhyAna kA lakSaNa avitarkamavIcAraM paraM nirUddhayogaM hi tatpunA rUddhayogaH san kurvan kAyatrayAsanam / sarvajJaH paramaM zuklaM dhyAyatyapratipatti tat // ( 54 ) 614 dhyAnaM jo vitarka aura vIcAra se rahita hai tathA jisameM yogoM kA bilkula nirodha ho cukA hai vaha vyuparatakriyA nAma kA cauthA zukla dhyAna hai| yaha dhyAna sarvazreSTha zIloM ke svAmitva ko prApta hotA hai arthAt yaha aThAraha hajAra zIla ke bhedoM se sahita hotA hai| jisake saba yoga ruka gaye haiM tathA jo sattA meM sthita audArika, taijasa aura kArmANa ina tIna zarIroM kA tyAga kara rahe haiM, aise sarvajJa bhagavAn isa utkRSTa zukla dhyAna kA dhyAna karate hai / yaha dhyAna pratipatti se rahita hai ! vyuparatakriyam / tacchailezyamapazcimam / / ( 53 ) pure concentration inhere in: These 4 kinds of The Ist quod fan in the saint with 3 vibratory activities of the soul throught mind, body and speech. zukladhyAna ke Alambana tryekayogakAyayogAyogAnAm / (40) For Personal & Private Use Only

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The 2nd ekattva vitarka vicAra In the saint with only any one of the 3 vibratary activities of the soul. The 3rd sUkSmakriyApratipAti In the saMyoga kevalI in the 13th stage guNasthAna The yoga is by the body only. The 4th vyuparatakriyA nivarti In the ayoga kevalI in the 14th stage guNasthAna There is no yoga or vibratory activity of mind, speech or body. ve cAra dhyAna krama se tIna yoga vAle, eka yoga vAle, kAyayoga vAle aura ayoga ke hote haiM / pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra zukla dhyAna tInoM yoga ke sAtha ho sakatA hai| ekatvavitarka tInoM yogoM meM se kisI eka yoga ke sAtha hotA hai, sUkSmakriyApratipAtI zukla dhyAna kAyayoga vAle ke hotA hai aura ayogI ke vyuparatakriyAnivartI dhyAna hotA hai| Adi ke do dhyAnoM kI vizeSatA ekAzraye savitarkavIcAre pUrve / ( 41 ) The first two kinds of pure concentration are attainable by one with scriptural knowledge and consist of meditation upon a part of the scriptural knowledge. In the concentration the part meditated upon may change in character or aspect. pahale ke do dhyAna Azraya vAle, savitarka aura savIcAra hote haiN| pUrva ke do zukladhyAna zrutakevalI ke dvArA prArambha kiye jAte haiM, ataH donoM kA Azraya eka hI hone se ekAzraya kahate haiM arthAt ina donoM dhyAnoM kA eka hI prakAra kA sakala zrutakevalI svAmI hai / vitarka aura vIcAra-vitarka- vIcAra, vitarkavIcAra sahita jo pravRtti karate haiM usako savitarka vIcAra kahate haiM / avIcAraM dvitIyam / (42) But the 2nd kind of pure concentration is free from any such change. dUsarA dhyAna avIcAra hai| For Personal & Private Use Only 615

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vaha dvitIya zukladhyAna vitarka to hai parantu vIcAra se rahita hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie, parantu prathama zukladhyAna vitarka aura vicAra sahita hai| vitarka means scriptural knowledge. vitarka kA artha zruta haiN| vizeSa rUpa se tarkaNA - Uhana (vicAra) ko virtaka kahate haiM / vitarka kA dUsarA vitarka kA lakSaNa vitarkaH zrutam / (43) vicAra means saMkrAnti ie change in artha the object of concentration itself ; in vyaJjana the verbal expression or in yoga the vibratory activity with which the concentration is going on i.e. mind, speech or body. artha vyaJjana aura yoga kI saMkrAnti vIcAra hai| 616 vIcAra kA lakSaNa vIcAro'rthavyaJjanayogasaMkrAntiH / ( 44 ) dhyAna karane yogya dravya aura paryAya ko artha kahate haiM / vacana yA zabda ko - vyaJjana kahate haiM aura mana, vacana evaM kAya ke vyApAra ko yoga kahate haiM / saMkrAnti kA artha hai- parivartana / artha saMkrAnti dravya ko chor3akara paryAya kA dhyAna karanA aura paryAya ko chor3akara dravya kA dhyAna karanA, isa prakAra bAra-bAra dhyeya artha meM parivartana honA artha saMkrAnti hai / vyaJjana saMkrAnti- - zrutajJAna ke kisI zabda ko chor3akara anya zabda kA avalambana lenA aura usako chor3akara punaH anya zabda ko grahaNa karanA vyaJjana saMkrAnti haiN| yogasaMkrAnti kAyayoga ko chor3akara manoyoga yA vacanayoga kA avalambana lenA tathA unheM chor3akara yoga kA avalambana lenA yogasaMkrAnti haiN| isa prakAra artha, vyaJjana aura yoga ke parivartana ko vIcAra kahate haiM / dhyAna kI praNAlI parvata, guphA, vRkSa kI khoha ( koTara ) nadItaTa, zmazAna, jIrNa udyAna For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura zUnyAgAra Adi kisI sthAna meM vyAghra, siMha, mRga, pazu, pakSI, manuSya Adi ke agocara, vahA~ ke calane phirane vAleM cITIM Adi ( jantuoM) se rahita tathA ~ (nirjantu), samazItoSNa, adhika zIta - uSNatA se rahita, ati vAyu se rahita, varSA Atapa Adi se rahita tathA sarvatra bAhya aura mana ko vikSepa karane vAle kAraNoM se rahita pavitra aura anukUla sparza vAle bhUmitala para sukhapUrvaka palyaMkAsana se baiTha, zarIra ko sarala aura nizcala karake apanI godI meM bAe~ hAtha para dAhinA hAtha rakhakara na khule na banda, ISat khule hue netra, dA~toM para dA~ta rakhakara kucha Upara kiye mukha, sIdhI kamara, nizcila mUrti, gambhIra, prasannamukha, animeSa sthira saumyadRSTi, nidrA, Alasya, kAmarAga, rati, arati, zoka, hAsya, bhaya, dveSa, vicikitsA Adi ko chor3akara manda manda zvAsocchvAsa lene Adi parikarma se ( sahAyaka kAraNoM se ) yukta mumukSu sAdhu nAbhi ke Upara hRdaya, mastaka yA zarIra ke kisI bhI avayava para abhyAsAnusAra cittavRtti ko sthira karake prazasta dhyAna karane kA prayatna kare ( prayatna karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra ekAgracita hokara rAga- - dveSa moha kA upazama jisake ho gayA hai, aisA upazAnta rAgadveSImohI kuzalatA se zArIrika kriyAoM kA nigraha karane vAlA, manda manda zvAsocchvAsa letA huA, nizcita lakSya vAlA aura kSamAzIla mumukSu bAhyAbhyantara dravya evaM paryAyoM kA dhyAna karatA huA vitarka : (zruta) ke sAmarthya se yukta ho, artha aura vyajaMna, kAya aura vacana ke pRthak-pRthak rUpa se saMkramaNa karane vAle aura asIma bala aura utsAha se mana ko sabala banAkara avyavasthita aura bhauthare zastra ke dvArA vRkSachedana ke samAna mohakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA upazama evaM kSaya karane vAle pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra zukladhyAna kA dhyAtA hotA hai / punaH zakti kI hInatA hone se yoga se yogAntara, vyaJjana .se . vyaJjanAntara aura artha se arthAntara ko prApta karatA huA dhyAna ke dvArA moharAja kA vidhvaMsa karake isa dhyAna se nivRtta ho jAtA hai, arthAt mohakarma kA nAza karanA hI pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra dhyAna kA kArya hai| yaha dhyAna pRthak pRthak artha, vyaMjana, yoga kI saMkrAnti aura zruta kA AdhAra hone se sArthaka hai / yaha dhyAna yadi mohakarma kA upazamana karane vAlA hai to chUTa bhI jAtA hai| isa vidhi se mohanIya karma kA samUlatala uccheda karane kI tIvra bhAva For Personal & Private Use Only 617

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se anantaguNavizuddhayoga vizeSa kA Azraya lekara jJAnAvaraNIya kI sahAyabhUta bahuta-sI karmaprakRtiyoM ke bandha ko rokatA huA tathA una karmaprakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA khaNDana aura kSaya karatA huA zrutajJAnopayogavAlA vaha dhyAnI artha, vyaJjana aura yoga kI saMkrAnti ko rokakara ekAgra nizcala citta ho kSINa kaSAya vaiDUryamaNi ke samAna nilepa dhyAna dhAraNa kara puna: nIce nahIM giratA hai, jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA nAza kara 13 veM guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai, yaha ekatvavitarka dhyAna hai| yaha isakA sArthaka nAma hai kyoMki isameM eka yoga ke AdhAra se zrutajJAna kI sahAyatA se arthAdi saMkrAnti na karake dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, isaliye vitarka sahita to hai parantu vIcAra rahita hai| isa prakAra ekatvavitarka zukla dhyAna rUpI agni ke dvArA jisane ghAtiyA karma rUpI IMdhana ko jalA diyA hai, prajvalita kevalajJAna rUpI sUrya se jo prakAzita hai, meghasamUha ko bhedakara nikale hue sUrya kI kiraNoM ke samAna daidIpyamAna hai; aise bhagavAna tIrthaMkara tathA anya kevalI tIna loka ke IzvaroM ke dvArA abhivandanIya, arcanIya aura abhigamanIya hote haiM tathA ve kucha kama utkRSTa eka koTi pUrvakAla taka vihAra karate haiM (jagat ke prANiyoM ko dharma kA upadeza dete haiN)| jaba unakI Ayu antamuharta zeSa rahatI hai tathA vedanIya, nAma aura gotra kI sthiti bhI antamuhUrta zeSa rahatI hai taba sabhI mana-vacana yoga dvArA aura bAdarakAyayoga ko chor3akara kevalI bhagavAna sUkSma kAyayoga kA avalambana lekara sUkSmakriyApratipAtI dhyAna prArambha karate haiM, parantu jaba Ayukarma antarmuhUrta zeSa rahatA hai aura zeSa tIna karmoM (gotra, vedanIya, nAma) kI sthiti Ayukarma se adhika rahatI hai taba yogI viziSTa Atmopayoga vAlI paramasamAyikapariNata viziSTakaraNa mahAsaMvara kI kAraNabhUta zIghra hI karmoM ko pacAne vAlI (karmoM kI nirjarA karane vAlI) samudaghAta kiyA karate haiN| vaha isa kriyA se zeSa kamareNuoM kA paripAka karane ke liye cAra samayoM meM daNDa, kapATa, pratara aura lokapUrNa avasthA meM AtmapradezoM ko paha~cA kara phira kramaza: cAra hI samayoM meM una pradezoM kA saMharaNa kara cAroM karmoM kI sthiti, samAna kara lete haiN| isa dizA meM vaha phira apane zarIra parimANa ho jAtA hai| punaH sUkSmakAyayoga se sUkSma kriyApratipAtI dhyAna prArambha karatA hai| sUkSmakAyayogI ke dvArA isakA 618 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| ata: sUkSmakriyA aura apratipAtI hone se sUkSmakriyApratipAtI yaha isakA nAma sArthaka hai| isake bAda 14 veM guNasthAna meM samucchinnakriyA pratipAtI dhyAna prArambha hotA hai| zvAsocchvAsa Adi sarva mana, vacana aura kAya sambandhI vyApAroM kA nirodha hone se yaha dhyAna samucchinnakriyAnivRtti kahalAtA hai| isa samucchannakriyAnivRtti dhyAna meM sarva Amrava-bandha kA nirodha hokara samasta karmoM kA naSTa karane kI sAmarthya utpanna ho jAtI hai, isake dhAraka ayoga kevalI ke saMsAra duHkha jAla ke ucchedaka, sAkSAt mokSamArga ke kAraNa paripUrNa yathAkhyAta cAritra, jJAna, darzana Adi guNa utpanna ho jAte haiN| ve ayogakevalI bhagavAna punaH dhyAnarUpI agni se samasta karmamala kalaMka bandhoM ko jalAkara (bhasmakara) kiTTa-kAlimA rahita suvarNa ke samAna paripUrNa svarUpa lAbha karake nirvANa ko prApta ho jAte haiN| pAtra kI apekSA nirjarA meM nyUnAdhikatA kA varNana samyagdRSTizrAvakaviratAnantaviyojakadarzanamohapakopazamakopazAnta mohakSapakakSINamohajinAH krmsho'sNkhyeygunnnirjraaH| (45) 1. The dissociation of Karmas increases innumerable-fold from stage to stage in the ten stages of the right believer. 2. The house holder with partial vows. 3. The ascetic with great vows. 4. The separator of the passions leading to infinite births. 5. The destroyer of faith-deluding karmas.6. The suppressor of conduct-deluding karmas. 7. The saint with quiescent passions. 8. The destroyer of delusion. 9. The saint with destroyed delusion. 10. The spiritual victor (Jina) / samyakdRSTi, zrAvaka, virata, anantAnubandhivisaMyojaka, darzanamohakSapaka, 619 For Personal & Private Use Only

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upazamaka, upazAntamoha, kSapaka, kSINamoha aura jina ye krama se asaMkhyAtaguNI nirjarA vAle hote haiN| jaba taka samyagdarzana ko upalabdhi nahIM hotI taba taka Amrava aura baMdha kI paramparA calatI hI rahatI hai| yaha baMdha kI paramparA mithyAdRSTi ke anAdi se hai / usakI jo nirjarA hotI hai vaha savipAka nirjarA yA akAma nirjarA hai| isalie mithyAdRSTi kevala Amrava aura baMdha tatva kA karttA hai / samyagdarzana hote hI jIva ke jJAna evaM darzana meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| jisa aMza meM darzana - jJAna - cAritra meM samyak bhAva hai utane aMza meM saMvara, nirjarA prArambha ho jAtI hai kyoMki samyagdarzana- jJAna evaM cAritra AtmA kA svabhAva hai| puruSArthasiddhiyupAya meM kahA hai yenAMzena sudRSTistenAMzenAsya bandhanaM yenAMzena tu rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM yenAMzeta jJAnaM tenAMzenAsya bandhanaM yenAMzena rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM yenAMzena cAritraM tenAMzenAsya bandhanaM yenAMzena tu rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM 620 jisa aMza meM AtmA ke samyagdarzana hai usa aMza meM arthAt usa samyagdarzana dvArA isa AtmA ke karma bandha nahIM hotA hai arthAt samyagdarzana karma bandha kA kAraNa nahIM hai / aura jisa aMzese rAgabhAva haiM sakaSAya pariNAma usa aMza meM karmabandha hotA hai| jisa aMza meM AtmA ke samyaka jJAna hai usa aMzena isa AtmA ke karma baMdha nahIM hai aura jisa aMza se isake rAga hai usa aMza se isake karmabandha hotA hai / jisa aMza se caritra haiM usa aMza se isa AtmA ke karmabandha nahIM hai aura jisa aMza se isake rAga bhAva hai usa aMza se isake karmabandha hotA hai| pAtra kI apekSA guNazreNI nirjarA aura usake dravya pramANa aura kAla pramANa kA varNana gommaTasAra meM nimna prakAra kiyA hai nAsti / bhavati // (212) nAsti / aNaMta sammattappattIye - sAvaya virade daMsaNamohakkhavage kaSAyauvasAmage ya bhavati // (213) nAsti / bhavati / / (214) For Personal & Private Use Only kammaMse / uvasaMte / (66) pR. 49 go. jI. kANDa

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khavage ya khINamohe-jiNesu davvA asNkhgunnidkmaa| tavivarIyA kAlA saMkhejjaguNakkamA hoti|(67) samyaktvotpatti arthAt sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi aura samyagdRSTi zrAvaka, virata, anantAnubandhI karma kA visaMyojana karane vAlA, darzana mohanIya karma kA kSaya karane vAlA, kaSAyoM kA upazama karane vAle 8-9-10 ve guNasthAnavI jIva kSINa, moha, sayogI kevalI aura ayogI kevalI donoM prakAra ke jina ina gyAraha sthAnoM meM dravya kI apekSA karmo kI nirjarA krama se asaMkhyAta guNI asaMkhyAta guNI adhika adhika hotI jAtI hai aura usakA kAla isake viparIta hai| krama se uttarottara saMkhyAtaguNA hIna hai| 1. samyagdRSTi (avirata)- jaise madyapAyI ke zarAba kA kucha nazA utarane para avyakta jJAna zakti prakaTa hotI hai, yA dIrgha nidrA ke haTane para jaise-UMghate-UMghate bhI alpa smRti hotI hai, yA viSa mUrcchita vyakti ko viSa kA eka deza vega kama hone para cetanA AtI haiM athavA pittAdi vikAra se mUrcchita vyakti ko mUrchA haTane para avyakta cetanA AtI hai - usI prakAra anantakAya Adi ekendriyoM meM bAra-bAra janma-maraNa paribhramaNa karate-karate vizeSa labdhi se do indriya Adi se lekara paMcendriya paryanta trasa paryAya milatI hai| kabhI munirAja kathita jina dharma ko sunatA hai tathA kadAcita pratibandhI karmoM ke daba jAne se usa para zraddhAna bhI karatA hai| jaise-kataka phUla ke samparka se jala kA kIcar3a baiTha jAtA hai aura jala nirmala bana jAtA hai; usI prakAra mithyA upadezaM se ati malina mithyAtva ke upazama se AtmA nirmalatA ko prApta kara zraddhAnAbhimukha hokara tattvArthaM zraddhAna kI abhilASA ke sanmukha hokara karmoM kI asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karatA hai| prathama samyaktvaAdi kA lAbha hone para adhyavasAya (pariNAmoM) kI vizuddhi kI prakarSatA se ye dasoM sthAna kramaza: asaMkhyeyaguNI nirjarA vAle haiN| (sAdi athavA anAdi donoM hI prakAra kA mithyAdRSTi jIva jaba karaNa labdhi ko prApta karake usake adha: pravRttakaraNa pariNAmoM ko bhI bitAkara apUrvakaraNa pariNAmoM ko grahaNa karatA hai taba vaha sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi kahA jAtA hai| isa sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi ke jo karmo kI nirjarA hotI hai vaha pUrva kI nirjarA se arthAt sadA hI saMsArAvasthA yA mithyAtva dazA meM hone vAlI yA pAI jAne 621 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vAlI nirjarA se asaMkhyAta guNA adhika huA karatI hai| yaha kathana gommaTTasAra jIvakANDa kI apekSA hai| isI se siddha hotA hai ki mithyAdRSTi kI jo nirjarA hotI hai usa nirjarA ko yahA~ para ikAI rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| tattvArtha sUtra kI apekSA nirjarA ke sthAna dasa haiM aura gommaTTasAra kI apekSA nirjarA ke sthAna gyAraha hai parantu tatvArtha sUtra meM jo antima sthAna 'jina' hai use sayogI jina evaM ayogI jina rUpa meM vibhakta karane se tattvArtha sUtra meM bhI gyAraha sthAna ho jAte haiN| zrAvaka (paJcama guNa sthAna)avasthA prApta hone para jo karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, vaha asaMyata samyagdRSTi kI nirjarA se asaMkhyAtaguNI adhika hotI hai| isI prakAra viratAdi sthAnoM meM bhI uttarottara kramase asaMkhyAtaguNI asaMkhyAtaguNI adhika adhika karmoM kI nirjarA huA karatI hai| tathA isa nirjarA kA kAla uttarottara saMkhyAtaguNA saMkhyAtaguNA hIna-hIna hotA gayA hai arthAt sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi kI nirjarA meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai usase saMkhyAta guNA kama kAla zrAvaka kI nirjarA meM lagA karatA hai| isI prakAra Age ke virata Adi sthAnoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA caahie| arthAt uttarottara saMkhyAtaguNe hIna-hIna samaya meM hI uttarottara pariNAma vizuddhi kI adhikatA hote jAne ke kAraNa karmoM kI nirjarA asaMkhyAtaguNI adhika-adhika hotI jAtI hai tAtparya yaha hai ki, jaise-jaise mohakarma ni:zeSa hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise nirjarA bhI bar3hatI jAtI hai aura usakA dravya pramANa asaMkhyAtaguNA-asaMkhyAtaguNA adhikAdhika hotA jAtA hai| phalata: vaha jIva bhI nirvANa ke adhika-adhika nikaTa pahu~catA jAtA hai| jahA~ guNAkAra rUpa se guNita nirjarA kA dravya adhikAdhika pAyA jAtA hai una sthAnoM meM guNa zreNI nirjarA kahI jAtI haiN| nirgrantha-sAdhuoM ke bheda pulAkabakuzakuzIlanirgranthasnAtakA nirgrnthaaH| (46) The nirgranthas, the possessionless or saints are 5 Kinds: 1. pulAka Like the husk i.e. some times there is a very slight lapse in the perfect observance of their primary vows muulgunn| 622 For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. bakuza They are still slightly coloured by some consideration of their body, books and disciples. 3. kuzIla Sometimes there is a very slight lapse in the perfect observance of their secondary vows uttrgunn| 4. nirgrantha The absolutely passionless in the 11th and 12th stages. 5. snAtaka The Kevali in the 13th and 14th stages. pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha aura snAtaka ye pA~ca nirgrantha haiN| (1) pulAka:- aparipUrNavrata vAle aura uttaraguNa se rahita pulAka hote haiN| jinake mana meM uttaraguNoM ke pAlana karane kI bhAvanA nahIM hai, mUlaguNoM kI bhI kabhI-kabhI virAdhanA karate haiM arthAt mUlaguNoM kA bhI paripUrNa pAlana nahIM karate haiM, ve binA pake vA jisameM pUrNa zuddhi nahIM huI hai, usa pulAka dhAnya ke samAna vratoM kI zuddhi na hone se pulAka isa nAma ko dhAraNa karate haiM, arthAt pulAka kahalAte haiN| (2) bakuza :- jo nirgrantha yadyapi mUlaguNoM kA akhaNDa rUpa se (nirdoSatA se) pAlana karate haiM, parantu zarIra aura upakaraNoM kI sajAvaTa meM jinakA citta lagA hai, yaza aura RddhiyoM kI jo kAmanA karate haiM, sAtA aura gaurava se yukta haiM, parivAra ke mamatva se jinakI cittavRtti nivRtta nahIM huI hai aura cheda se jinakA citta zabala arthAt citrita hai, kyoMki bakuza zabda zabala kA paryAyavAcI hai| (3) kuzIla :- pratisevanA kuzIla aura kaSAya kuzIla ke bheda se kuzIla muni do prakAra ke haiN| yahA~ kuzIla kA artha vyabhicAra nahIM haiN| parigraha kI bhAvanA sahita (antaraMga meM kamaNDalu Adi parigraha kI abhilASA banI rahatI hai) mUla aura uttara guNoM meM paripUrNa kabhI-kabhI uttaraguNoM kI virAdhanA karane vAle pratisevanAkuzIla kahalAte haiN| grISmakAla meM uSNatA ke kAraNa jaMghAprakSAlana Adi kA sevana kI icchA hone se jinake saMjvalana kaSAya jagatI hai aura anya kaSAyeM vaza meM ho cukI haiM, ve kaSAya kuzIla kahalAte haiN| (4) nirgrantha :- jaise pAnI meM khIMcI gaI rekhA zIghra hI vilIna ho jAtI hai 623 For Personal & Private Use Only

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usI prakAra jinake karmoM kA udaya atyanta anabhivyakta (nahIM ke samAna) haiM tathA jinako antarmuhUrta ke bhItara hI kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana kI prApti hone vAlI haiM unheM nirgrantha kahate haiM, arthAt ve nirgrantha haiN| vA jinake ataraMga aura bahiraMga donoM prakAra ke parigraha naSTa ho cuke haiM, ve nigrantha kahalAte haiN| (5) snAtaka:- ghAtiyAMkarma ke nAzaka kevalajJAnI snAtaka haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya ghAtiyA karmoM ke nAza hone jAne se jinake kevalajJAnAdi atizaya vibhUtiyA~ prakaTa huI haiM, jo yoga sahita haiM, sampUrNa zIloM ke svAmI haiM, vA zaila-parvata ke samAna acala aDola akampa haiM, labdhAspada (kRtakRtya) haiM ve sayogakevalI snAtaka kahalAte haiN| ye pA~coM hI nirgrantha kahalAte haiN| dRSTi rUpa sAmAnya kI apekSA sabhI nirgrantha haiM; bhUSA, veSa aura Ayudha se rahita nirgrantharUpa aura zuddha samyagdarzana ke kAraNa pulAka Adi sabhI muniyoM meM nirgranthatA samAna hai, kyoMki sabhI samyagdRSTi haiM aura bhUSA, veSa, Ayudha se rahita haiM, ata: inameM nirgrantha zabda kA prayoga sakAraNa hai| cAritra guNoM kI uttarottara prakarSatA banAne ke liye pulAkAdi kA upadeza hai, arthAt cAritra guNa kA kramavikAsa aura kramaprakarSa dikhAne ke liye ina pulAkAdi bhedoM kI carcA kI hai| pulAkAdi muniyoM meM vizeSatA saMyatazrutapratisevanAtIrthaliGgalezyopapAdasthAnavikalpataH saadhyaaH| (47) They are fit to be described (differentiated) on the basis of differences in 1. Self - restraint. 2. Scriptural Knowledge. 3. Transgressions. 4. The period of Tirthanrara. 5. The sign. 624 For Personal & Private Use Only

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6. The colouration. 7. Birth. . 8. The state of condition. ... saMyama, zruta, pratisevanA, tIrtha, liMga, lezyA, upapAda aura sthAna ke bheda se ina nirgranthoM kA vyAkhyAna karanA caahiye| (1) saMyama :- pulAka, bakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA ina do saMyamoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM arthAt inake do saMyama hote haiN| kaSAyakuzIla muni ke sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi aura sUkSmasAmparAya ye cAra saMyama hote haiN| nirgrantha aura snAtaka ke eka yathAkhyAta saMyama hI hotA hai| (2) zruta kI dRSTi se :- pulAka, bakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla muni utkRSTa se abhinna akSaradazapUrva ke dhArI hote haiN| kaSAyakuzIla aura nirgrantha utkRSTa caudaha pUrva ke dhArI hote haiN| jaghanya se pulAka kA zruta AcAravastu ke jJAna taka sImita hai| bakuza, kuzIla aura nirgranthoM kA jaghanya zruta ATha pravacanamAtRkAoM (pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti) ke jJAna taka hai| snAtaka kevalI hai, ataH zrutAtIta hai| (3) pratisevanA:- pA~ca mUlaguNa (ahiMsA mahAvrata, satya mahAvrata, acaurya mahAvrata, brahmacarya mahAvrata aura aparigraha mahAvrata) tathA rAtribhojanatyAga rUpa SaSTha vrata meM se kisI kI para ke dabAva se pratisevanA (virAdhanA) karane vAlA pulAka muni hotA hai, arthAt pulAka muni ke para ke dabAva se pA~ca mahAvrata aura rAtribhojana tyAga vrata kI virAdhanA ho jAtI hai| vaha pratisevanA hai| bakuza muni do prakAra ke hote haiM-upakaraNabakuza aura zarIra bkush| upakaraNoM (picchikA, kamaNDalu, zAstra) meM jinakA citta Asakta hai, jo aneka prakAra se bhinna-bhinna parigraha se yukta haiM, jo sundara bahuvizeSa rUpa se alaMkRta upakaraNoM ke AkAGkSI haiM tathA jo una upakaraNoM kA saMskAra kiyA karate haiM athavA unake upakaraNa svaccha, sundara dIkhate raheM aisA unakA saMskAra pasanda karate haiM, aise muni upakaraNabakuza kahalAte haiN| zarIra saMskArasevI (zarIra ko svaccha vA susajjita rakhane meM tatpara) bhikSu zarIra bakuza kahalAtA hai| jo mUlaguNoM kA nirdoSa pAlana karane vAlA 625 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai, parantu uttaraguNoM kI kabhI-kabhI virAdhanA karatA hai, vaha pratisevanAkazIla / hai| kaSAyakuzIla, nirgrantha aura snAtaka ke kabhI bhI vratoM kI virAdhanA nahIM hotI, ata: ye pratisevanA se rahita haiN| (4) tIrtha :- sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke tIrtha meM pulAka Adi muni hote haiN| (5) liMga :- liMga do prakAra kA hai-dravyaliMga aura bhaavliNg| bhAvaliMga kI apekSA ye pA~coM hI nirgranthaliMgI hote haiM, parantu dravyaliMga kI apekSA bhAjya haiM, arthAt bhAva kI apekSA pA~coM hI prakAra ke muni bhAvaliMgI samyagdRSTi niSpramAdI haiN| dravyaliMga kI apekSA pulAka Adi bheda haiN| (6) lezyA:- pulAka muni ke uttara kI tIna (pIta, padma aura zukla) lezyA hotI haiN| bakuza aura pratisevanA kuzIla ke chahoM lezyA hotI haiN| kaSAya kuzIla aura parihAravizuddhi vAle ke uttara kI cAra (nIla, pIta, padma, zukla) lezyA hotI hai) sUkSmasAmparAya, nirgrantha aura snAtaka ke eka zuklalezyA hI hotI hai| ayogazaila ko pratipanna (ayogakevalI) lezyArahita hote haiN| yadyapi caturthaguNasthAna ke Upara zubha tIna lezyA hI kahI haiM, phira cAra lezyA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki bhAvaliMgI muni chaThe Adi guNasthAna,meM hote haiM, parantu chahoM lezyAoM kA bakuza ke jo varNana kiyA hai, vaha ArtadhyAna kI apekSA varNana kiyA hai, kArya meM kAraNa kA upacAra kiyA hai| (7) upapAda:- pulAka kA utkRSTa rUpa se upapAda sahasrAra svarga meM utkRSTa sthiti vAle devoM taka hai, arthAt pulAka aThAraha sAgara kI sthiti vAle 12 veM svarga taka utpanna ho sakatA hai| bakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla kA utkRSTa rUpa se AraNa aura acyutakalpa meM 22 sAgara kI utkRSTasthiti meM upapAda hotA hai| kaSAyakuzIla aura nirgrantha, sarvArthasiddhi meM taiMtIsa sAgara kI sthiti meM utpanna hote haiN| pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha, ina sabhI kA jaghanya rUpa se saudharmasvarga meM do sAgara kI Ayu sahita devoM meM upapAda hotA hai| snAtaka ke to usI bhava se nirvANapada kI prApti hotI hai| (8) sthAna :- kaSAya ke nimitta se asaMkhyAta-saMyamasthAna hote haiN| unameM kaSAyakuzIla aura pulAka ke sarvajaghanya labdhisthAna hote haiN| ve donoM Age 626 For Personal & Private Use Only

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eka sAtha asaMkhyAta saMyamasthAnoM ko prApta hote haiN| usake Age pulAka kI vyucchitti ho jAtI hai, arthAt saMyamalabdhi kI adhika vizuddhi hone se pulAka bhAva vAle muni nahIM rhte| usake Age mAyakuzIla asaMkhyAta saMyamasthAnoM ko akelA hI prApta hotA hai| usake Age kaSAyakuzIla pratisevanAkuzIla aura bakuza eka sAtha asaMkhyAta saMyamasthAnoM ko prApta hote haiM, usake Age bakuza rUpa pariNAmoM kI vyacchiti ho jAtI hai| usake Age bhI asaMkhyeya saMyamasthAna (pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi) ko prApta hokara kaSAyamanda ho jAne se pratisevanA kuzIla rUpa pariNAmoM kI vyucchiti ho jAtI hai| usase asaMkhyAta saMyamasthAnoM ke bIta jAne para kaSAyakuzIla pariNAmoM kI vyucchiti ho jAtI hai| isake Age akaSAya sthAna ko prApta hokara nirgrantha ho jAtA hai| vaha nirgrantha bhI asaMkhyAta saMyamasthAnoM ko prApta kara vyucchinna ho jAtA hai| usake bAda nirgrantha (12 veM guNasthAnavartI) tathA snAtaka (sayogakevalI aura ayoga kevalI) eka sthAna ko prApta kara nirvANa ko prApta karate haiN| inake saMyamasthAna eka hI hotA hai, kyoMki kaSAyoM ke abhAva meM saMyamasthAna nahIM hote| isa prakAra inake saMyamalabdhi anantaguNI hotI hai| adhyAya 9 abhyAsa prazna1. saMvara kise kahate haiM? 2. saMvara ke lie kAraNa kyA hai ? 3. tapa se kyA-kyA hotA hai? 4. gupti kise kahate hai ? .5.. pAMcoM samiti kI paribhASA likho? 6. daza dharma kA vaNarna karo? 7. bAraha anuprekSAoM kA varNana karo? 8. parISaha kyoM sahana karanA cAhie? 9. prajJA evaM ajJAna parISaha kyoM hote haiM? 10. cAritra mohanIya ke udaya se kauna-kauna se parISaha hote haiM? 11. cAritra ke kitane bheda hai, tathA usakA varNana karo? 627 For Personal & Private Use Only

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12. abhyantara tapa kA varNana karo ? 13. svAdhyAya ke uttara bheda kauna se haiM ? 14. dhyAna kise kahate haiM ? 15. dhyAna ke mukhya bheda kitane haiM ? 16. saMsAra evaM mokSa ke lie kauna-kauna se dhyAna Avazyaka hai ? 17. raudra dhyAna kA varNana karo ? 18. dharmadhyAna kA varNana karo ? 19. nirjarA ke sthAnoM kA varNana karo ? 20. sAdhuoM ke pA~coM bhedoM kI paribhASA likho ? 21. pulAka Adi pAMca muniyoM kI vizeSatA kyA hai ? 628 krodhAdi antaraMga parigraha kA tyAga binA bahiraMga tyAga viSadhara sA~pa kI kA~calI ke tyAga ke samAna hai| are karake khAo, mila karake kAma karo / dharma kA rahasya svAvalambI evaMm svatantra bananA hai| jo samaya kA durupayoga karatA hai, samaya usake lie kAla bana jAtA hai| manuSya samAja; pazu samAja evaM vanaspati samAja ke yogadAna para jIvita hai| AtmAnuzAsana hI sarvazreSTha anuzAsana hai / For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya 10 mokSatattva kA varNana kevalajJAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa mohakSayAjjJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevlm| (1) kevala jJAna perfect knowledge (is gained) by destroying the mohanIya deluding Karmas (in the end of the 10th guNasthAna stage and then by simultaneous destruction of knowledge and conation observingkarmas jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIyaandofobstructivekarmas antarAya in the end of the 12th guNasthAna stage. ___moha kA kSaya hone se jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya karma kA kSaya hone se kevalajJAna prakaTa hotA hai| isa mokSazAstra meM naveM adhyAya taka jIva tattva se lekara saMvara tattva paryanta varNana huA hai| avazeSa mokSatattva kA varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| mokSa kA artha-mukta honA, svataMtra honA, zuddha honA, bandhanoM se rahita honA, pUrNa svAvalambI honA hai| jIva anAdi kAla se mithyAdarzana jJAna cAritra ke kAraNa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| yogya antaraMga-bahiraMga kAraNoM ko prApta karake samyagdRSTi banakara samyagjJAnI hokara samyagcAritra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| pahale bahiraMga parigrahoM ko tyAga karake muni cAritra ko svIkAra karatA hai| aise hI nirgrantha tapodhana dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna ko lekara kSapaka zreNI para car3hakara mohanIya karma ko nAza karake puna: jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya karmoM ko naSTa karake kevala jJAna Adi ko prApta karatA hai| isakA vizeSa khulAsA nimna prakAra hai pUrvokta vidhi ke sAtha parama tapovizeSa ke dvArA prazasta adhyavasAya kI prakarSatA se uttarottara vizuddha hote hue zubha prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA hai aura aprazasta-azubha anubhAga kRza hokara vilIna ho jAtA hai| koI vedaka samyagdRSTi apramatta guNaMsthAna meM sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama kA prArambha karatA 629 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai tathA sAta prakRtiyoM kA upazama karake upazama zreNI para ArUr3ha hokara cAritra mohanIya karma ke upazama karanA prArambha karatA hai| koI asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyama guNasthAnoM meM se kisI bhI eka guNasthAna meM anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, mithyAtva, samyaktvamithyAtva aura samyaktvaprakRti ina sAta prakRtiyoM kA upazama karanA prArambha karatA hai, punaH adha:pravRttakaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa pariNAma kara ke upazama zreNI para car3hakara apUrvakaraNa-upazamaka vyapadeza ko prApta kara vahA~ navIna pariNAmoM meM pApakarmoM ke prakRti, sthiti.aura anubhAga ko kSINa kara zubha karmoM ke anubhAga ko bar3hAte hue anivRttibAdarasAmparAya upazamaka guNa sthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| vahA~ napuMsakaveda, strIveda, chahanokaSAya puMveda, apratyAkhyAna pratyAkhyAna do krodha, do mAna, do mAyA, do lobha, krodha-mAna-saMjvalana nAmakarma prakRtiyoM kA kramaza: upazama karatA huA sUkSmasAmparAya guNasthAna ke prathama samaya meM arthAt nauveM guNasthAna ke anta bhAga meM mAyA saMjvalana kA upazama kara detA hai tathA saMjvalana lobha ko kRza kara sUkSmasAmparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| puna: upazAMtakaSAya ke prathama samaya meM lobha saMjvalana kA upazama kara samasta mohanIya karma kA upazama ho jAne se upazAMta kaSAya kahalAtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM yadi Ayu kA kSaya ho jAya to maraNa ho sakatA hai athavA punaH kaSAyoM kI udIraNA ho jAne se nIce gira jAtA hai| puna: vahI sAdhaka yA dUsarA koI jIva vizuddhi ke adhyavasAya se apUrva utsAha ko dhAraNa karate hue pUrva ke samAna kSAyika samyagdRSTi hokara bar3I bhArI vizuddhi se kSAyika zreNI meM ArUr3ha hokara pUrvakathita lakSaNa vAle adhaHpravRtta, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttirUpa tIna kAraNoM ke dvArA apUrvakaraNakSapaka avasthA ko prApta kara usase Age apratyAkhyAna aura pratyAkhyAna krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina ATha kaSAyoM ko naSTa kara napuMsakaveda aura strIveda ko ukhAr3akara chaha nokaSAyoM ko puruSaveda meM kSepaNa kara puruSaveda ko krodha saMjvalana meM, krodha saMjvalana ko mAna saMjvalana meM, mAna saMjvalana ko mAyA saMjvalana meM aura mAyA saMjvalana ko lobha saMjvalana meM kSepaNa kara krama-krama se bAdarakRSTivibhAga se inakA kSaya karake anivRtti bAdarasAmparAyaka kSapaka guNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| tadanantara lobha saMjvalana kaSAya ko sUkSma kara sUkSma sAmparAyaka nAmaka dazama guNasthAna ko prApta hotA 630 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| sUkSma sAmparAya avasthA kA antarmuharta taka anubhava karake samasta mohanIya karma kA nirmUla kSaya karake kSINakaSAya (vA kSapaka moha) nAmaka guNasthAna ko prApta kara mohanIya karma kA samasta bhAra utAra karake pheMka detA hai| vaha kSapaka usa guNasthAna ke upAntya samaya meM nidrA aura pracalA karma kA nAzakara anta samaya meM pA~cajJAnavaraNa, cAra darzanAvaraNa aura pA~ca antarAya karma kA nAza kara aciMtyavibhUtiyUkta kevalajJAna evaM kevala darzana svabhAva ko niSpratipakSI rUpa se prApta kara kamala kI taraha nirlipta evaM nirlepa hokara sAkSAt trikAlavartI sarva dravyaparyAyoM ke svabhAva kA jJAtA sarvatra apratihata anantadarzanazAlI niravazeSa puruSArtha ko prApta kara kRtakRtya megha-paTaloM se vimukta zaratkAlIna svakiraNakalApoM se pUrNa candramA ke samAna saumyadarzana tathA dedIpyAna mUrti kevalI ho jAtA hai| gommaTasAra jIvakAraNDa meM mohakSaya kI prakriyA evaM kevalajJAna prApta karane kA varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai NissesakhINamoho, phalihAmala bhAyaNaduya smcitto| khINakasAo bhaNNadi, NiggaMtho viiyraayehiN||(72) jisa nirgrantha kA citta mohanIya karma ke sarvathAkSINa ho jAne se sphaTika ke nirmala pAtra meM rakhe hue jala ke samAna nirmala ho gayA hai usako vItarAga deva ne kSINakaSAya nAmakA bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI kahA hai| __jisa chadmastha kI vItarAgatA ke virodhI mohanIya karma ke dravya evaM bhAva donoM hI prakAroM kA athavA prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradezarUpa cAroM bhedoM kA sarvathAbaMdha, udaya, udIraNA evaM sattva kI apekSA kSaya ho jAtA hai vaha bArahaveM guNasthAna vAlA mAnA jAtA hai isalie Agama meM isakA nAma kSINa kaSAya vItarAga chadmastha aisA batAyA hai| yahA~ 'chadmastha' zabda antya dIpaka hai| aura 'vItarAga' zabda nAma, sthApanA aura dravyarUpa vItarAga kI nivRtti ke lie hai| tathA yahA~ para pA~ca bhAvoM meM se mohanIya ke sarvathA abhAva kI apekSA se eka kSAyika bhAva hI mAnA gayA hai| 631 For Personal & Private Use Only

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terahaveM gunnsthaankevlnnaanndivaayrkirnn-klaavppnnaasiynnnnaanno| Navakevalalajhuggama sujnniyprmppvveso||(63) asahAyaNANadaMsaNasahio idi kevali hu jogenn| juttoti sajogajiNa, annaainnihnnaariseutto||(64) jisakA kevala jJAna rUpI sUrya kI avibhAga praticchedarUpa kiraNoM ke samUha (utkRSTa anantAnanta pramANa) ajJAna andhakAra sarvathA naSTa ho gayA ho aura jisako nava kevalalabdhiyoM ke (kSAyika-samyaktva, cAritra, jJAna, darzana, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga, vIrya) prakaTa hone se paramAtmA yaha vyapadeza (saMjJA) prApta ho gayA hai, vaha indriya Aloka AdikI apekSA na rakhane vAle jJAnadarzana se yukta hone ke kAraNa kevalI aura yoga se yukta rahane ke kAraNa sayoga, tathA ghAti karmoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa jina kahA jAtA hai aisA anAdinidhana ArSa Agama meM kahA hai| ___bArahaveM guNasthAna kA vinAza hote hI jisake tIna ghAti karma aura aghAti karmoM kI 16 prakRti, isa taraha kula milAkara 63 karma prakRtiyoM ke naSTa hone se anantacatuSTaya-anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anansasukha aura anantavIrya tathA nava kevalalabdhi prakaTa ho cukI haiM kintu sAtha hI jo yoga se bhI yukta hai, usa arihanta paramAtmA ko terahaveM guNasthAnavartI kahate haiN| mokSa ke kAraNa aura lakSaNa . . bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAbhyAM kRtsnakarmavipramokSo mokssH| (2) mokSa Liberation (is) the freedom from all Karmic matter, owing to the non-existence of the cause of bondage and to the shedding (of all the Karmas). bandha hetuoM ke abhAva aura nirjarA se saba karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya honA hI mokSa hai| mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga rUpa baMdha ke kAraNoM 632 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kA nirodha (abhAva) ho jAne para nUtana karmoM kA AnA (Asrava) rUka jAtA hai kyoMki kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya kA abhAva hotA hI hai| tapa Adi nirjarA ke kAraNoM kA sannidhAna (nikaTatA) hone para pUrva arjita (saMcita) karmoM kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| prazna- karmabandha santAna jaba anAdi hai to usakA anta nahIM honA cAhiye ? kyoMki jo anAdi hotA hai usakA anta nahIM hotA tathA dRSTa viparIta ( pratyakSa se viparIta) kI kalpanA karane para pramANa kA abhAva hotA hai| uttara- anAdi hone se anta nahIM hotA aisA nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise bIja aura aGkura kI santAna anAdi hone para bhI agni se antima bIja ke jalA dene para usase aMkura utpanna nahIM hote haiM, usI prakAra dhyAnAgni ke dvArA anAdikAlIna mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya Adi karmabandha ke kAraNoM ko bhasma kara dene para bhavAGkura kA utpAda nahIM hotA, arthAt bhavAkura naSTa ho jAtA hai| yahI mokSa hai, isa dRSTa bAta kA lopa nahIM kara skte| kahA bhI hai jaise dagdhe bIje yathA'tyantaM prAdurbhavati nAGkuraH / karmabIje tathA dagdhe na rohati bhavAGkuraH // "bIja ke jala jAne para aGkura utpanna nahIM hotA, usI prakAra karma bIja ke jala jAne bhavAGkura utpanna nahIM hotA / " kRtsna (sampUrNa) karma kA karma avasthA rUpa se kSaya ho jAnA karmakSaya hai, kyoMki 'sat' dravya kA dravyatvarUpa se vinAza nahIM hai kintu paryAya rUpa se utpattimAna hone se unakA vinAza hotA hai tathA paryAya, dravya ko chor3akara nahIM hai ataH paryAya kI apekSA dravya bhI vyaya ko prApta hotA hai, aisA kaha diyA jAtA hai| kyoMki paryAyeM utpanna aura vinaSTa hotI haiM ataH paryAya rUpa se dravya kA vyaya hotA hai| ataH kAraNavazAt karmatvaparyAya ko prApta pudgala dravya kA karmabandha ke pratyanIka (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa ) kAraNoM ke sannidhAna hone para usa karmatvaparyAya kI nivRtti hone para usakA kSaya For Personal & Private Use Only 633

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ho jAtA hai, usa samaya vaha pudgala dravya akarma paryAya se pariNata ho jAtA hai| isaliye kRtsna karma kSaya kI mukti kahanA yukta hI hai| hedumabhAve NiyamA jAyadi NANissa aasvnnirodho| .. AsavabhAveNa viNA jAyadi kammassa dunnirodho||(50) kammassAbhAveNa ya savvaNhU savvalogadarisI y|| pAvadi indiyarahidaM avvAbAhaM suhmnnNtN||(51) (paMcAstikAya prAbhRta) karmoM ke AvaraNa meM prApta saMsArI jIva kA jo kSAyopazamika vikalparUpa bhAva hai vaha anAdikAla se moha ke udaya ke vaza rAgadveSa moharUpa pariNamatA huA azuddha ho rahA hai yahI bhAva hai| aba isa bhAva se mukta honA kaise hotA hai so kahate haiN| jaba yaha jIva AgamakI bhASA se kAla Adi labdhiko prApta karatA hai tathA adhyAtma bhASA se zuddha AtmA ke sanmukha pariNAmarUpa svasaMvedana jJAna ko pAtA hai taba pahale mithyAtva Adi sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama hone para phira unakA kSayopazama hone para sarAga samyagdRSTi ho jAtA hai| taba arhat Adi paMcaparameSThI kI bhakti Adi ke dvArA para ke Azrita dharmadhyAnarUpa bAharI sahakArI kAraNa ke dvArA maiM anaMta jJAnAdi svarUpa hU~ ityAdi bhAvanA svarUpa AtmA ke Azrita dharmadhyAna ko pAkara AgamameM kahe hue kramase asaMyata samyagdRSTi ko Adi lekara apramatta saMyata paryanta cAra guNasthAnoM ke madhyameM se kisI bhI eka guNasthAna meM darzanamoha ko kSayakara kSAyika samyagdRSTi ho jAtA hai| phira muni avasthA meM apUrvakaraNa Adi guNasthAnoM meM car3hakara AtmA sarva karma prakRti Adi se bhinna hai aise nirmala vivekamaI jyotirUpa prathama zukladhyAna kA anubhava karatA hai| phira rAgadveSa rUpa cAritra mohake udaya ke abhAva hone para nirvikAra zuddhAtmAnubhava rUpa vItarAga cAritra ko prApta kara letA hai jo cAritra mohake nAza karane meM samartha hai| isa vItarAga cAritra ke dvArA mohakarma kA kSaya kara detA hai-mohake kSaya ke pIche kSINa kaSAya nAma bAharaveM guNasthAna meM antarmuhUrta kAla Thahara kara dUsare zukladhyAna ko dhyAtA hai| isa dhyAna se jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa va antarAya ina tIna ghAtiyA karmoM ko eka sAtha isa guNasthAna ke antameM jar3a mUla se dUrakara kevalajJAna Adi anaMta catuSTayasvarUpa bhAva mokSa ko prApta 634 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kara letA hai| dasaNaNANasamaggaM jhANaM No aNNadavvasaMjuttaM / * jAyadi NijjarahedU sabhAvasahidassa saadhuss||(152) isa prakAra vAstava meM ina (pUrvokta) bhAvayukta (bhAvamokSavAle) bhagavAna kevalI ko jinheM svarUpatRptapane ke kAraNa karmavipAka kRta sukha, duHkharUpa vikriyA naSTa ho gaI hai unheM - AvaraNa ke prakSINapane ke kAraNa, anaMta jJAnadarzana se sampUrNa zuddhajJAnacetanAmayapane ke kAraNa tathA atIndriyapane ke kAraNa jo anyadravya ke saMyoga se rahita hai aura zuddha svarUpa meM avicalita caitanyavRttirUpa hone ke kAraNa jo kathaMcit 'dhyAna' nAma ke yogya hai aisA AtmA kA svarUpa (AtmA kI nija dazA) pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI zakti kA zAtana (kSINatA) athavA unakA patana (nAza) dekhakara, nirjarA ke heturUpa se varNana kiyA jAtA hai| jo saMvareNa jutto NijjaramANodha svvkmmaanni| vavagadavedAusso muyadi bhavaM teNa so mokkho||(153) vAstava meM kevalI bhagavAna ko. bhAvamokSa hone para, parama saMvara siddha hone ke kAraNa uttara karma saMtati nirodha ko prApta hokara aura parama nirjarA kA kAraNabhUta dhyAna siddha hone ke kAraNa pUrva karmasaMtati ki jisakI sthiti kadAcit svabhAva se hI Ayu karma ke jitanI hotI hai aura kadAcit samudghAtavidhAna se Ayu karma ke jitanI hotI hai- Ayu karma ke anusAra hI nirjarita hotI huI apunarbhava (siddhagati) ke liye bhava chUTane ke samaya hone vAlA jo vedanIya-Ayu-nAma-gotrarUpa karmapudgaloM kA jIva ke sAtha atyanta vizleSa (viyoga) hai vaha dravyamokSa hai| ... jJAnAvaraNI - darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya ye cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke kSaya se arahanta kevalI banate haiN| tIrthaMkara kevalI samovazaraNa kI vibhUti ke sAtha upadeza karake bhavya jIvoM ko mokSamArga kA svarUpa batAte haiM aura sAmAnya kevalI gaMdha kuTI meM virAjamAna hokara bhavyajIvoM ko upadeza dete haiM tIrthaMkara kevalI niyama se jaghanya rUpa se nau varSa evaM utkRSTa rUpa se aMtamUrharta adhika 8 varSa kama, eka pUrva koTI varSa taka upadeza karate haiN| aMta meM samavazaraNa 635 For Personal & Private Use Only

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yA gaMdha kuTI kA virsajana hotA hai - divyadhvani kA bhI (upadeza denA) saMkoca ho jAtA hai aura kevalI yoga nirodha karate haiN| jo munizvara 6 mahinA Ayu zeSa rahate kevala jJAna prApta karate haiM aura unake nAma gotra evaM vedanIya karma kI sthitI adhika hotI hai ve kevalI samudghAta bhI karate haiN| aMta meM "a i u R lR ' ina pA~ca laghu akSara ke uccAraNa kAla pramANa ayogI guNasthAna (14 veM ) meM jIva rahatA hai| upAnta ( dvicarama, aMtima samaya ke pahale / samaya) samaya meM 72 prakRtiyoM kA evaM aMtima samaya meM 13 prakRtiyoM kA nAza karake jIva siddha, buddha - nitya niraMjana bana jAtA hai| gommaTasAra meM kahA bhI hai sIlesiM saMpatto, NirUddhaNissesaAsavo jiivo| kammarayavippamukko, gaya jogo kevalI hodi 11 (65) jo aThAraha hajAra zIla ke bhedoM kA svAmI ho cukA hai aura jisake karmoM ke Ane kA dvArarUpa Astrava sarvathA banda ho gayA hai tathA sattva aura udayarUpa avasthA ko prApta karmarUpa rajakI sarvathA nirjarA hone se jo usa karma se sarvathA mukta hone ke sammukha hai, usa yogarahita kevalI ko caudahaveM guNasthAnavartI ayoga kevalI kahate hai / jo jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTa karmoM se rahita hai, anantasukharUpI amRta ke anubhava karane vAle zAntimaya hai, navIna karmabandha ke kAraNabhUta mithyAdarzanAdi bhAvakarmarUpI aJjana se rahita hai, samyaktva, jJAna, darzana, vIrya, avyAbAdha, avagAhana, sUkSmatva, agurulaghu, ye ATha mukhya guNa jinake pragaTa ho cuke haiM, kRtakRtya haiM - jinako koI kArya karanA bAkI na rahA hai, loka ke agrabhAga meM nivAsa karane vAle haiM, unako siddha kahate haiN| aTThavihakammaviyalA, sIdIbhUdA NiraMjaNA NiccA / aTThaguNA kidakiccA, loyaggaNivAsiNo siddhA / / ( 68 ) aupazamikAdibhavyatvAnAM ca / (3) There is also non-existence of T or thought-activity due to the 636 For Personal & Private Use Only

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operation, subsidence and to the destruction-subsidence and operation of the Karma and of our (i.e. the capacity of becoming liberated.) aupazamika Adi bhAvoM aura bhavyatva bhAva ke abhAva hone se mokSa hotA hai| bhavyatva kA grahaNa anya pAriNAmika bhAvoM kI anivRtti ke liye hai / pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM jIvatva bhAva kI mokSa meM anivRtti ke liye bhavyatva bhAva kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ataH pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM bhavyatva tathA aupazamikAdi bhAvoM kA abhAva bhI mokSa meM ho jAtA hai| sampUrNa dravyakarma, bhAvakarma, nokarma ke abhAva se, karma se jAyamAna aupazamika, kSayopazamika, audayika bhAvapUrNa rUpa se naSTa ho jAte haiN| aupazamika, kSayopazamika, aura audayika bhAvoM kA varNana tattvArtha sUtra ke dUsare adhyAya meM savistAra se kiyA gayA hai| kevala ina bhAvoM kA hI abhAva nahIM hotA hai isake sAtha bhavyatva bhAva kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| bhavyatva bhAva ko Agama meM kucha sthAna meM pAriNAmika bhI kahA hai| AgamAnusAra pAriNAmika bhAva kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki pAriNAmika bhAva use kahate haiM jo karma ke udaya, upazama, kSayopazama evaM kSaya kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA ho| taba prazna hotA hai ki bhavyatva, pAriNAmika bhAva hokara mokSa meM kyoM nahIM rahatA hai ? taba isakA uttara vIrasena svAmI ne dhavalA meM Agamokta va tArkika zailI se kiyA hai| unakA tarka yaha hai ki bhavyatva bhAva pUrNa zuddha pAriNAmika bhAva nahIM hai kathaJcit karma janita hai aura kathaJcit karma nirapekSa hai| bhavya use kahate haiM jo bhAvI bhagavAna hai athavA jo samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ko dhAraNa karane kI yogyatA rakhatA hai| mithyAtvAdi karma ke udaya se jIva samyaratnatraya ko prApta nahIM kara pAtA hai isaliye abhavyatva bhAva karma sopakSa hai / isI prakAra mithyAtvAdi karma ke kSaya, upazama, kSayopazama ke nimitta se samyagdarzana prApta hotA hai isa apekSA se bhavyatva bhAva bhI karma sApekSa hai| siddha avasthA meM sampUrNa karma kA abhAva hone se, tathA bhavya aura abhavyatva kI zakti yA vyakti kI yogyatA ke abhAva se siddha jIva bhavya, abhavya vyapadeza se rahita . For Personal & Private Use Only 637

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hote haiN| ___anyatra kevlsmyktvjnyaandrshnsiddhtvebhyH| (4) Otherwise there remain Arenapa perfect-right belief Fira perfect right knowledge darzana perfect conatian and siddhatva the state of having accomplished all. kevalasamyaktva, kevalajJAna aura siddhatva bhAva kA abhAva nahIM hotaa| karma bandhana se rahita hone ke bAda jIva ke sampUrNa vaibhAvika bhAva naSTa ho jAte hai kyoMki vaibhAvika bhAva ke nimittabhUta kAraNoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| vaibhAvika bhAva ke naSTa hone para svAbhAvika bhAva naSTa nahIM hote parantu svAbhAvika bhAva pUrNa zuddha rUpa meM pragaTa ho jAte haiN| tattvArtha sAra meM kahA bhI hai... jJAnAvaraNahAnAtte kevljnyaanshaalinH| darzanAvaraNacchedAdudyatkevaladarzanA: // (37) vedanIyasamucchedAdavyAbAdhatvamAzritAH / mohanIyasamucchedAtsamyaktvamacalaM shritaaH||(38) AyuH krmsmucchedaadvgaahnshaalinH| nAmakarmasamucchedAtparamaM saukssmymaashritaaH||(39) gotrakarmasamucchedAtsadA'gauravalAghavAH / antarAyasamucchedAdanantavIryAmAzritAH // (40) ve siddha bhagavAna jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSaya hone se kevalajJAna se suzobhita rahate haiM, darzanAvaraNa karma kA kSaya hone se kevaladarzana se sahita hote haiM, vedanIya karma kA kSaya hone se avyabAdhatvaguNako prApta hote haiM, mohanIya karma kA vinAza hone se avinAzI samyaktva ko prApta hote haiM, Ayukarma kA viccheda hone se avagAhanA ko prApta hote haiM, nAmakarmakA uccheda hone se sUkSmatvaguNa ko prApta haiM, gotrakarmakA vinAza hone se sadA agurulaghuguNa se sahita hote haiM aura antarAyakA nAza hone se ananta vIrya ko prApta hote haiN| 638 For Personal & Private Use Only

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siddhoM kI anya vizeSatA tAdAtmyAdupayuktAs kevalajJAnadarzane / samyaktvasiddhatAvasthA hetvabhAvAcca niHkriyAH / / 43 // ve siddha bhagavAn tAdAtmyasambandha hone ke kAraNa kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana ke viSaya meM sadA upayukta rahate haiM tathA samyaktva aura siddhatA avasthA ko prApta haiN| hetu kA abhAva hone se ve niH kriyA- kriyA se rahita haiN| siddhoM ke sukha kA varNana saMsAraviSayAtItaM avyAbAdhamiti siddhAnAmavyayaM proktaM paramaM sukham / paramarSibhiH ||45|| siddhoM kA sukha saMsAra ke viSayoM se atIta, avinAzI, avyAbAdha tathA paramotkRSTa hai aisA paramaRSiyoM ne kahA haiN| zarIra rahita siddhoM ke sukha kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai ? (tattvArthasAra) syAdetadazarIrasya jantornaSTASTakarmaNaH / kathaM loke bhavati muktasya sukhamityuttaMra zrRNu // 1461 caturvihArtheSu sukhazabdaH prayujyate / viSaye vedanAbhAve vipAke mokSa eva 114711 sukho vahniH sukho vAyurviSayeSviha kathyate / duHkhAbhAve ca puruSaH sukhito'smIti bhASate / / 48 / / puNyakarmavipAkAcca sukhamiSTendriyArthajam / mokSe sukhamanuttamam // 49 / / karmaklezavimokSAcca yadi koI yaha prazna kare ki zarIra rahita evaM aSTakarmoM ko naSTa karane vAle muktajIva ke sukha kaise ho sakatA hai to usakA uttara yaha hai, suno| isa loka meM viSaya, vedanA kA abhAva, vipAka aura mokSa ina cAra arthoM meM sukha zabda kahA jAtA hai| agni sukha rUpa hai, vAyu sukha rUpa hai, yahA~ viSaya artha meM sukha zabda kahA jAtA hai| duHkha kA abhAva hone para puruSa kahatA hai ki maiM sukhI hU~ yahA~ vedanA ke abhAva meM sukhazabda prayukta huA hai| puNyakarma ke For Personal & Private Use Only 639

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udaya se indriyoM ke iSTa padArthoM se utpanna huA sukha hotA hai| yahA~ vipAka-karmodaya meM sukhazabda kA prayoga hai| aura karmajanyakleza se chuTakArA milane se mokSa meM utkRSTa sukha hotA hai| yahA~ mokSa artha meM sukha kA prayoga hai| muktajIvoM kA sukha suSupta avasthA ke samAna nahIM hai suSuptAvasthayA tulyAM kecidicchanti nirvRtim| tadayuktaM kriyAvattvAtsukhAtizayatastathA // 500 zramaklemamadavyAdhimadanebhyazca sNbhvaat| . mohotpattirvipAkAcca darzanadhnasya karmaNaH / / 51 // .. koI kahate haiM ki nirvANa suSupta avasthA ke tulya hai parantu unakA vaisA kahanA ayukta haiM-ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki muktajIva kriyAvAn hai jabaki suSuptAvasthA meM koI kriyA nahIM hotI tathA muktajIva ke sukha kI adhikatA hai jabaki suSupta avasthA meM sukha kA raJcamAtra bhI anubhava nahIM hotaa| suSuptAvasthA kI utpatti zrama, kheda, nazA, bImArI aura kAmasevana se hotI hai tathA usameM darzanamohanIya karma ke udaya se moha kI utpatti hotI rahatI hai jabaki muktajIva ke yaha saba saMbhava nahIM hai| muktajIva kA sukha nirUpama hai| loketatsadRzo hyarthaH kRtsne'ppanyo na vidyte| upamIyeta tadyena tasmAnirUpamaM smRtam // 52 / / liGgaprasiddheH praamaannymnumaanopmaanyoH| aliGgaM cAprasiddhaM yattenAnupamaM smRtam // 3 // samasta saMsAra meM usake samAna anya padArtha nahIM hai jisase ki muktajIvoM ke sukha kI upamA dI jA sake, isaliye vaha nirUpama mAnA gayA hai| liGga arthAt hetu se anumAna meM aura prasiddhi se upamAna meM prAmANikatA AtI hai parantu muktajIvoM kA sukha aliGga hai-heturahita hai tathA aprasiddha hai isaliye vaha anumAna aura upamAna pramANa kA viSaya na hokara anupama mAnA gayA hai| arhanta bhagavAn kI AjJA se muktajIvoM kA sukha mAnA jAtA hai| 640 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pratyakSaM tabhdagavatAmahatAM taiH prbhaassitm| gRhyate'stItyata: prAjJairna ca chdmsthpriikssyaa||540 mukta jIvoM kA vaha sukha arhanta bhagavAn ke pratyakSa hai tathA unhIM ke dvArA usakA kathana kiyA gayA hai isaliye 'vaha hai' isa taraha vidvajjanoM ke dvArA svIkRta kiyA jAtA hai, ajJAnI jIvoM kI parIkSA se vaha svIkRta nahIM kiyA jaataa| kundaH kunda deva ne paMcAstikAya meM kahA bhI hai, siddhatva avasthA meM jIva ke svAbhAvika guNoM kA abhAva nahI hotA hai, parantu svAbhAvika guNa pUrNa zuddha rUpa se pUrNa vikasita hokara ananta kAla taka vidyamAna rahate haiN| yathA jesiM jIvasahAvo Natthi abhAvo ya savvahA tss| te hoMti bhiNNadehA siddhA vcigoyrmdiidaa||(35) pR.(128) siddhoM ke vAstava meM dravyaprANa ke dhAraNa svarUpa se jIva svabhAva mukhya rUpa se nahIM hai, jIva svabhAva kA sarvathA abhAva bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki bhAvaprANa ke dhAraNasvarUpa jIva svabhAva kA mukhya rUpa se sadbhAva hai| aura unheM zarIra ke sAtha nIrakSIra kI bhAMti ekarUpa vRtti nahIM hai, kyoMki zarIra saMyoga ke hetu bhUta kaSAya aura yoga kA viyoga ho gayA hai isaliye ve atIta anantara zarIra pramANa avagAharUpa pariNata hone para bhI atyanta deha rahita haiN| aura vacanagocarAtIta unakI mahimA hai, kyoMki laukika prANa ke dhAraNa binA aura zarIra ke sambandha binA sampUrNa rUpa se prApta kiye hue nirUpAdhi svarUpa ke dvArA ve satat pratapate jAdo sayaM sa cedA savvaNha savvalogadarasI y| pappodi suhamaNaMtaM avvAbAdhaM / sagamamuttaM // (29) pRSTha na.(114) vaha cetayitA (AtmA) sarvajJa aura sarvalokadarzI svayaM hotA huA, svakIya amUrta avyAbAdha anaMta sukha ko prApta karatA hai| 641 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaM jassa du saMThANaM carimasarIrassa jogjhnnmmi| taM saMThANaM tassa du jIvaghaNo hoI siddhss|| (2129 a.10.sU.paSTa 900 bhaga.A.) dasavidhapANAbhAvo kammAbhAveNa hoi accNtN| . accaMtigo ya suhadukkhAbhAvo vigadadehassa // (2130) mana vacana kAyayogoM kA tyAga karate samaya ayogI guNasthAna meM jaisA antima zarIra kA AkAra rahatA hai usa AkArarUpa jIva ke pradezoM kA, ghanarUpa siddhoMkA AkAra hotA hai| siddha bhagavAna ke karmoM kA abhAva hone se dasa prakAra ke prANoM kA sarvathA abhAva hai| tathA zarIra kA abhAva hone se indriya janita sukha duHkha kA abhAva hai| jaM NatthiM baMdhahe, dehaggahaNaM Na tassa teNa punno| kammakaluso hu jIvo kammakadaM dehamAdiyadi // (2131) mukta jIva ke karma bandha kA kAraNa nahIM hai| ata: vaha punaH zarIra dhAraNa nahIM krtaa| kyoMki karmoM se baddha jIva hI karmakRta zarIra ko dhAraNa karatA kajjAbhAveNa puNo accaMttaM Natthi phaMdaNaM tss| Na paogado vi phaMdaNamadehiNo atthi siddhassa // (2132) siddha jIvoM ke kucha karanA zeSa na hone se unameM halana calana kA atyanta abhAva hai| aura ve zarIra rahita haiN| ata: vAyu Adi ke prayoga se bhI unameM halana calana nahIM hotaa| kAlamaNaMtamadhammopaggahido ThAdi gynnmogaaddho| so uvakAro iTTo ThidisabhAvo Na jIvANaM // (2133) siddha jIva jo anantakAla taka AkAza ke pradezoM ko avagAhita karake ThaharA rahatA hai so yaha avasthAna rUpa upakAra adharmAstikAya kA mAnA gayA hai; kyoMki jaise jIvakA svabhAva caitanya Adi hai usa prakAra jIva kA svabhAva 642 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthiti nahIM hai| telokkamatthayattho to so jigaM NiravasesaM / savvehiM pajjaehiM ma saMpuraNaM savvadavvehiM / / (2134) passadi jANadi ya tahA tiNNi vi kAle sapajjae savve / taha vA logamasesaM passadi bhayavaM vigadamoho / ( 2135 ) tInoM lokoM ke mastaka para virAjamAna vaha siddha parameSThI samasta dravyoM aura samasta paryAyoM se sampUrNa jagata ko jAnate dekhate haiN| tathA ve moha rahita bhagavAn paryAyoM se sahita tInoM kAloM ko aura samasta aloka ko jAnate haiN| bhAve sagavisayatthe sUro jugavaM jahA payAsei / savvaM vitadhA jugavaM kevalaNANaM payAsedi / ( 2136) jaise sUrya apane viSayagocara saba padArthoM ko eka sAtha prakAzita karatA hai vaise hI kevala jJAna saba padArthoM ko eka sAtha prakAzita karatA hai| karmoM kA kSaya hone ke bAda tadanantaramUrdhvaM gacchatyAlokAntAt / (5) After that (liberation from all Karmas the liberated souls go up-wards (right vertically) to the end of (or the universe). tadanantara mukta jIva loka ke anta taka Upara jAtA hai| jIva kI svAbhAvika gati kA pratipAdana karate hue AcArya nemIcandra siddhAnta cakravartI dravyoM ke vibhinna pahaluoM kA saMkSipta evaM sAragarbhita pratipAdaka grantha dravya saMgraha zAstra meM ullekha karate hai ki "vissasoDDhagaI" arthAt jIva kI svAbhAvika gati Urdhvagamana svarUpa hai / amRtacandra sUri tattvArthasAra meM jIva evaM pudgala ke svabhAva kA varNana karate hue ullekha karate haiM ki Urdhva gaurava dharmANo jIvo iti jinottamaiH / adhogaurava dharmANa: pudgalA iti coditam // sarvajJa - sarvadarzI jinendra bhagavAna ne jIva ko Urdhva gaurava (Urdhva gurutva) 643 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dharma vAlA batAyA hai aura pudgala ko adhogaurava (adho gurutva) dharma vAlA pratipAdita kiyA hai| ___ jIva kI svAbhAvika gati Urdhva se Urdhvagamana karane kI hai| pudgala kI svAbhAvika gati nIce se nIce kI ora hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki jIva (matter) ke amUrtika (speza, rasa, gandha, varNa, vajana se rahita) evaM sthAnAntarita rUpa gati kriyA-zakti se yukta hone ke kAraNa usakI gati Urdhvagamana honA svAbhAvika hai| udAharaNArtha ; hAiDrojana gaisa liijie| hAiDrojana gaisa se bhare hue bailUna ko mukta karane para vaha bailUna dhIre-dhIre Upara hI gamana karatA rahatA hai| yadi vaha bailUna kisI kAraNavaza phaTA nahIM to vaha gati karate-karate usa U~cAI taka pahu~cegA jahA~ taka vAyumaNDala kI taha meM hAiDrojana gaisa hai| sAdhAraNa havA se 14 gunA halkI hAiDrojana hotI hai| jaba hAiDrojana havA se 14 gunA halkI hone ke kAraNa vaha bailUna Upara hI Upara ur3atA hai, to zuddha jIva kA, jo pUrNata: vajana (bhAra) zUnya hai, Upara gamana karanA svAbhAvika hai| pudgala meM sparza, rasa, gandha varNa, bhArAdi ke sAtha-sAtha sthAnAMtarita gati zakti yukta hone se pudgala kA adhogaurava svabhAva honA bhI svAbhAvika hai| yahA~ para jijJAsA honA svAbhAvika jIva kI gati Urdhvagamana svarUpa hai to yaha saMsArI jIva vibhinna prakAra kI vakrAdi gati se vizva ke vibhinna bhAva meM kyoM paribhramaNa karatA hai? isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate hue amRtacandra sUri batAte haiM ki adhastiryak tayordhvaM ca jIvAnAM karmajA gtiH| Urdhvameka svabhAvena bhavati kSINa krmnnaam|| jIva kI saMsAra avasthA meM jo vibhinna gati hotI hai, vaha svAbhAvika gati nahIM hai| jIva kI saMsArAvasthA meM adhogati, tithaMkagati, urdhvagati kA kAraNa karma janita hai| sampUrNa karma se rahita jIva kI kevala eka svAbhAvika Urdhvagati hI hotI hai| prasiddha vaijJAnika nyUTana ke gati sambandhI prathama siddhAnta ke anusAra "A body at rest will remain at rest and a body moving with uniform velocity in a straight line will continue to do so unless an external 644 For Personal & Private Use Only

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force is applied to it." arthAt eka dravya, jo virAma avasthA meM hai, vaha virAma avasthA meM rahegA tathA eka dravya jo sIdhI rekhA meM gatizIla hai, vaha gatizIla hI rahegA, jaba taka usa dravya kI avasthA meM parivartana karane ke lie koI bAhya bala na lagAyA jaae| (eka dravya taba taka sthira rahatA hai jaba taka bAhya zakti kA prayoga usake gatizIla karAne meM nahIM hotA hai tathA eka dravya avirAma gati se eka sIdhI rekhA meM taba taka calatA rahatA hai, jaba taka usa para kisI bAhya zakti kA prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| koI bhI dravya yadi kisI eka dik kI ora gati karatA hai, to vaha dravya usa dik meM anantakAla taka avirAma, aparivartita gati se gati karatA rahegA, jaba taka koI virodhI zakti yA dravya usa gati kA nirodha nahIM karegA / dik ananta kAla evam zakti akSaya hone se, jisa dik meM eka dravya gati karatA hai, vaha dravya usa dik ke anantaM AkAza kI ora ananta kAla taka gati karatA hI rahatA hai, parantu kendrAkarSaNa zakti, bAhya bhautika yA jaivika Adi virodha zakti ke kAraNa usa gati meM parivartana A jAtA hai| jaise eka geMda ko yadi Urdhva dik meM pheMkate hai to vaha kucha samaya ke pazcAt nIce gira jAtI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki geMda ko Upara pheMkane ke lie jo zakti prayoga kI gaI thI, usase vaha Upara kI ora uThI thI, parantu pRthvI kI kendrAkarSaNa zakti ke kAraNa usameM parirvatana AyA aura kucha samaya ke bAda usa geMda kI Urdhva gati meM parivartana hokara adhogati ho gii| eka anya udAharaNa- kheta se pakSI ur3Ane vAlI rassI ke eka yantra vizeSa meM patthara Adi rakhakara rassI ke donoM choroM ko pakar3akara apanI ora ghUmAte haiN| rassI ke sAtha-sAtha patthara bhI ghUmatA rahatA hai| kucha samaya ke bAda rassI ke eka chora ko chor3a dete haiM jisase vaha patthara chUTa kara sIdhA dUra jAtA hai| jisa samaya vaha vyakti rassI ke donoM chora pakar3akara ghUmA rahA thA usa samaya vaha patthara usa vyakti kI ghumAva zakti se prerita hokara Age bhAgane kA prayAsa karatA thA, parantu donoM chora ko pakar3akara ghumAne ke kAraNa vaha patthara rassI ke sAtha-sAtha vartulAkAra meM ghUmatA rahatA thaa| jaba usa vyakti ne rassI ke eka chora ko . chor3a diyA to vaha patthara usa bandhana se mukta hokara Age bhaagaa| isI prakAra For Personal & Private Use Only 645

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jIva kI svAbhAvika Urdhva gati hote hue bhI virodhAtmaka karma zakti se prerita hokara karma saMyukta saMsArI jIva caturgati rUpI saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai, parantu jaba vaha karmabandhanoM se mukta ho jAtA hai taba anya gatiyoM meM se nivRtta hokara svAbhAvika Urdhva gati se gamana karatA hai prakRti bandha, sthiti bandha, anubhAga bandha, pradeza bandha se sampUrNa rUpa se mukta hone ke bAda parizuddha svatantra zuddhAtmA tiryak Adi gatiyoM ko chor3akara . urdhva gamana karatA hai| paryAs TThadi aNubhAgappadesa baMdhehiM savvado mukko| uDDuM gacchadi sesA vidisA vajjaM gadiM jaMti // mukta jIva ke Urdhvagamana ke kAraNa pUrvaprayogAdasaMGgatvAd bandhacchedAttathAgatipariNAmAcca / (6) 1. As the soul is previously impelled, 2. As it is free from ties or attachment, 3. As the bondage has been snapped and 4. As it is of the nature of darting up-wards. pUrva prayoga se, saMga kA abhAva hone se, bandhana ke TUTane se aura vaisA gamana karanA svabhAva hone se mukta jIva urdhvagamana karatA hai| 646 saMsArI jIva ne mukta hone se pahile kitanI hI bAra mokSa kI prApti ke lie prayatna kiyA hai, ataH pUrva kA saMskAra hone se jIva Urdhvagamana karatA hai| jIva jaba taka karmabhAra sahita rahatA hai taba taka saMsAra meM binA kisI niyama ke gamana karatA hai aura karmabhAra se rahita ho jAne para Upara ko hI gamana karatA hai| anya janma ke kAraNa bhUta gati jAti Adi samasta karmabandha ke uccheda ho jAne se mukta jIva Urdhvagamana karatA hai| Agama meM jIva kA svabhAva Urdhvagamana karane vAlA batAyA hai| ataH karma naSTa ho jAne para apane svAbhAvika avasthA ke kAraNa muktAtmA kA eka samaya taka Urdhva gamana hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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ukta cAroM ke kAraNoM ke krama se cAra dRSTAMta aaviddhkulaalckrvdvypgtlepaalaabuvdernnddbiijvdgnishikhaavcc| 1. Like the potters wheel, 2. The gourd devoid of mud, 3. The shell of the castor seed and 4. The flame of the candle. ghumAye gaye kumhAra ke cakra ke samAna, lepase mukta huI tUmar3I ke samAna eraNDa ke bIja ke samAna aura agni kI zikhA ke smaan| 1. ghumAye hue cakra ke samAna- apavarga kI prApti ke liye bahuta bAra praNidhAna hone se hAtha se ghumAye hue cakra ke samAna Urdhvagamana karatA hai| jaise kumhAra ke prayoga se usake hAtha kA daNDa se aura daNr3a kA cAka se saMyoga hone para cAka kA bhramaNa hotA hai; parantu jaba kumhAra cAka para daNDa ko ghumAnA banda bhI kara detA hai taba bhI pUrvaprayoga ke kAraNa saMskArakSayaparyanta cakra barAbara ghUmatA rahatA hai, usI prakAra saMsArI AtmA ne jo mokSa-prApti ke liye aneka bAra praNidhAna aura pratyana kiye haiM parantu aba mokSa-prApti ke samaya udyoga ke abhAva meM bhI usa saMskAra ke AdezapUrvaka pUrvaprayoga ke kAraNa muktAtmA kA Urdhvagamana hotA hai| 2. mukta lepa vAlI tUmbar3I ke dravya ke samAna- saGgarahita hone se mukta lepa vAlI tUmbar3I dravya ke samAna muktAtmA kA Urdhvagamana hotA hai| jaise miTTI ke lepa se vajanadAra tUmbar3I pAnI meM DUba jAtI hai| aura vahI tUmbar3I jyoMhi miTTI kA lepa dhula jAtA hai taba zIghra hI pAnI ke Upara A jAtI hai usI prakAra karmabhAra ke AkrAnta se vazI kRta AtmA, karmavaza saMsAra meM idhara-udhara bhramaNa karatI hai| usakA adha: patana hotA hai para jaise hI vaha karmabandhana se mukta hotI hai vaise hI Upara AtI hai arthAt Urdhvagamana karatI hai| 3. eraNDa ke bIja ke samAna- bandha kA uccheda ho jAne se eraNDa ke bIja ke samAna AtmA Urdhvagamana karatA hai| jisa prakAra Upara ke chilake ke haTate 647 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hI eraNDa ke bIja kI gati dRSTigocara hotI hai arthAta chilakA haTate hI eraNDa bIja Upara ko hI jAtA hai usI prakAra manuSyAdi bhavoM meM bhramaNa karAne vAle gati nAmakarmAdi sarvakarmoM ke bandha kA cheda ho jAne se mukta jIva kA svAbhAvika Urdhva hI gamana hotA hai / 4. svAbhAvika Urdhvagamana - athavA agni kI zikhA ke samAna, mukta jIva kA svAbhAvika Urdhvagamana hI hai| jaise- tirachI bahane vAlI vAyu ke abhAva meM pradIpazikhA svabhAva se Urdhvagamana karatI hai, usI prakAra muktAtmA bhI nAnA gativikAra ke kAraNabhUta karma ke haTa jAne para Urdhvagati svabhAva se Upara ko jAtI hai| bhagavatI arAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai taM so baMdhaNamukko uDDhaM jIvo paogado jAdi / jaha eraNDayabIyaM baMdhaNamukkaM samuppadadi // (2121) isa prakAra bandhana se mukta huA vaha jIva vega se Upara ko jAtA hai jaise bandhana se mukta huA eraNDa kA bIja Upara ko jAtA hai| samasta karma no karmarUpa bhAra se mukta hone ke kAraNa halkA ho jAne se vaha jIva Upara ko jAtA hai| jaise miTTI ke lepa rahita tUmbI jala meM DUbane para bhI Upara hI jAtI hai / saMga vijahaNeNa ya lahudayAe uDDhaM payAdi so jiivo| jadha AlAu aleo uppadadi jale NibuDDo vi / / ( 2122 ) 648 jaise vega se pUrNa vyakti ThaharanA cAhate hue bhI nahIM Thahara pAtA hai vaise hI dhyAna ke prayoga se AtmA Upara ko jAtA hai| jhANeNa ya taha appA paogado jeNa jAdi so ur3aDhaM / vegeNa pUrido jaha ThAidukAmo vi ya Na ThAdi / / (2123) For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaha vA aggissa sihA sahAvado ceva hohi uDDhagadI / jIvassa taha sabhAvo uDDhagamaNamappavasiyassa // (2124) athavA jaise Aga kI lapaTa svabhAva se hI Upara ko jAtI hai vaise hI karmarahita svAdhIna AtmA kA svabhAva Urdhvagamana hai| to so aviggahAe gadIe samae aNaMtare ceva / pAvadi jayassa siharaM khittaM kAleNa ya phusaMto // (2125) karmoM kA kSaya hote hI vaha mukta jIva eka samaya vAlI mor3e rahita gati se sAta rAju pramANa AkAza ke pradezoM kA sparza na karate hue arthAt atyanta tIvra vega se loka ke zikhara para virAjamAna ho jAtA hai| lokAgra ke Age nahIM jAne meM kAraNa dharmAstikAyA bhAvAt / (8) But it does not rise higher than the extreme limit to or the universe because (beyond it there is) the non-existence of dharmAstikAya or the medium of motion. dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone se jIva lokAnta se aura Upara nahIM jaataa| samasta karma bandhana se mukta hone ke bAda siddha jIva ke anaMta darzana, anaMta jJAna, anaMta sukha anaMta vIrya, sUkSmatva, avagAhanatva, agurulaghutva Adi anaMta guNa pragaTa ho jAte haiN| jIva kI gati svAbhAvika urdhva gati hone ke kAraNa evaM sampUrNa karmabandhana se siddha jIva mukta hone se yaha gati pUrNa rUpa se svAbhAvika rUpa meM pragaTa hotI hai| siddha jIva kI ananta zakti hotI hai urdhvAkAza* anaMta hotA hai bhaviSya kAla bhI anaMta hotA hai taba prazna hotA hai siddha jIva kyA anaMta kAla taka anaMta AkAza meM gamana karate rahate haiM? usa prazna kA uttara isa sUtra meM diyA gayA hai ki kAla anaMta hote hue zakti, anaMta hote hue evaM urdhvAkAza anaMta hote hue bhI siddha jIva kevala eka samaya meM. 7 rAjU gamana karake lokAgra meM sthira ho jAte haiM kyoMki alokAkAza meM 'gati - mAdhyama' dharma dravya" ke abhAva se siddha jIva alokAkAza meM gamana For Personal & Private Use Only 649

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nahIM karate haiN| gatyupagrahakAraNa bhUto dharmAstikAyo noparyastItyaloke gamanAbhAva: tadbhAve ca lokAloka vibhAgAbhAva: prsjyte|| gati ke upakAra kA kAraNa bhUta dharmAstikAya lokAnta ke Upara nahIM hai, isalie mukta jIva kA aloka me gamana nahIM hotaa| aura yadi Age dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone para bhI aloka meM gamana mAnA jAtA hai to lokAloka ke vibhAga kA abhAva prApta hotA hai| na dharmAbhAvata: siddhA gacchanti prtsttH| dharmohi sarvadA kartA jIva pudglyorgteH|| trailokya ke aMta taka dharmAstikAya hone se siddha jIvoM kI gati lokAnta taka hI hotI hai| aloka meM jIva aura pudgala ke gati hetu kA abhAva hone . se loka ke Upara gati nahIM hotii| mukta jIvoM meM bheda hone ke kAraNa kSetrakAlagatiliGgatIrthacAritrapratyekabuddhabodhitajJAnAvagAhanAntarasaMkhyAlpabahutvataH saadhyaaH| (9) The emanci Pated souls can lie differentiated with deference to 1. The region. 2. Time. 3. State. 4. Sign. 5. Type of Tirtha. 6. Conduct. 7. Self enlightenment, enlightened by others. 8.Knowledge. 9. Stature. 10. Interval. 11. Number and 650 For Personal & Private Use Only

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12. Numerical comparison. (The sacred feoks of the jains TATVARTHA SUTRAM - by J.L.Jains) kSetra, kAla, gati, liMga, tIrtha, cAritra pratyeka bodhita, buddha bodhita jJAna avagAhanA antara saMkhyA aura alpa bahutva ina dvArA siddha jIva vibhAga karane yogya haiN| pratyutpanna aura bhUtaprajJApana naya kI apekSA kSetrAdi ke dvArA siddhoM meM bheda sAdhya hai| kSetra ko Adi lekara alpabahutva paryanta 12 anuyogoM ke dvArA pratyutpanna naya aura bhUta prajJApana naya kI apekSA siddhoM ke vikalpa sAdhya hote (1) kSetra:- siddhikSetra meM vA karmabhUmi meM siddha hote haiN| pratyutpanna naya kI apekSA siddha kSetraM, sva pradeza yA AkAza pradeza meM siddhi hotI hai| bhUtaprajJApana naya kI apekSA pandraha karmabhUmiyoM meM aura saMharaNa kI apekSA manuSya loka meM siddhi hotI hai| RjusUtra naya aura tIna zabdanaya (zabda naya, samabhirUr3ha naya, aura evaMbhUta naya) pratyutpanna naya vartamAna grAhI hai tathA zeSa naya (saMgraha, vyavahAra, aura naigama) ubhaya (vartamAna aura bhUtakAla) viSayagrAhI (grahaNa karane vAle) (2) kAla:- eka samaya meM siddha hote haiM vA sAdhAraNa rUpa se avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla meM siddha hote haiN| pratyutpanna naya kI apekSA eka samaya meM hI siddha hotA hai kyoMki siddha hone kA kAla to eka samaya hI hai| bhUtaprajJApana naya kI apekSA do vikalpa haiM-janma se aura saMharaNa se| janma kI apekSA sAmAnyataH utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke suSama-suSamA ke anta bhAga meM aura duSama-suSamA meM utpanna huA siddha hotA hai| duSama-suSamA meM utpanna huA jIva duSamA meM siddha ho sakatA hai, parantu duSamA meM yA prathama dvitIya kAla meM tathA suSamA-suSamA ke prathama bhAga meM vA duSamA-duSamA kAla meM utpanna huA kabhI siddha nahIM ho sktaa| saMharaNa kI dRSTi se sabhI kAloM meM (utsarpiNI, avasarpiNI meM) siddha ho sakate haiN| (3) gati:- siddha gati meM vA manuSya gati meM siddhi hotI hai| pratyutpanna naya 651 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kI dRSTi se siddha gati meM siddhi hotI hai| bhUtanaya kI apekSA do vikalpa haiM-ekAntara gati aura anantara gti| ananta gati bhUtanaya kI dRSTi se manuSya gati meM siddhi hotI hai aura ekAntara gati kI apekSA cAroM gatiyoM meM siddhi hotI hai arthAt kisI bhI gati se manuSya hokara siddha ho sakatA hai| (4) liMga:- aveda se mukti hotI hai yA tInoM vedoM se mukti hotI hai? vartamAna naya (pratyutpanna naya) kI apekSA aveda avasthA meM siddhi hotI hai aura atIta gocara naya kI (bhUtanaya) kI apekSA sAdhAraNa rUpa se tInoM vedoM se siddhi hotI hai - tInoM liMgoM se siddhi bhAvaveda kI apekSA hai, dravyaveda kI apekSA nahIM kyoMki dravyaveda kI apekSA to puruSa liMga se hI siddhi hotI hai, dUsare veda se nhiiN| athavA liMga do prakAra kA hai-sagrantha liMga aura nirgrantha liNg| usame pratyutpanna naya kI apekSA nirgrantha liMga se hI mukti hotI hai aura bhUtanaya kI apekSA vikalpa hai| (5) tIrtha:- tIrthasiddhi do prakAra kI hotI hai-eka tIrthaMkara rUpa se aura dUsarI tIrthaMkara bhinna rUpa se| koI tIrthaMkara hokara siddha hue haiM aura koI tIrthaMkara na hokara sAmAnya kevalI hokara siddha hote haiN| jo sAmAnya siddha haiM, tIrthaMkara binA hue siddha hue hai ve do prakAra ke haiM - unameM koI to tIrthaMkaro ke astitva (maujUdagI) meM siddha hote haiM aura koI tIrthaMkara kI gairamaujUdagI meM siddha hote (6) cAritra:- cAritra acAritra ke vikalpa se rahita avasthA se yA eka, cAra, pA~ca vikalpa vAle cAritra se siddha hote haiM- arthAt pratyutpanna naya kI dRSTi se na to cAritra se siddhi hotI hai aura na acAritra se siddhi hotI hai, cAritra acAritra ke vikalpa rahita nirvikalpa bhAva se siddhi hotI hai| bhUtaprajJApananaya kI apekSA do prakAra hai - anantara aura vyvhit| anantara bhUtaprajJApananaya kI dRSTi se yathAkhyAta cAritra se siddhi hotI hai aura vyavadhAna bhUtaprajJApananaya kI apekSA cAra yA pA~ca cAritroM se siddhi hotI hai| sAmAyika chedopasthApanA, sUkSma sAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta, ina cAra cAritroM ko dhAraNa kara siddha hote haiM, aura koI sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi sUkSmasAMparAya aura yathAkhyAta, ina pA~ca cAritroM ko prApta kara mukta hote haiN| mukta hone ke pUrva 652 For Personal & Private Use Only

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cAra cAritra to avazya hote haiM, parihAravizuddhi saMyama bhajanIya hai, kisI ke hotA hai kisI ke nahIM bhI hotA hai| (7) pratyeka buddhaH- svazakti aura paropadeza nimitta jJAna ke bheda se pratyeka buddha aura bodhita buddha ye do vikalpa hote haiN| kucha pratyeka buddha siddha hote haiM jo paropadeza ke binA svazakti se hI jJAnAtizaya prApta karate haiM, arthAt pUvabhavopArjita karma saMskAra ke kAraNa svayameva saMsAra se virakta ho jAte haiN| (8) bodhita buddhaH- jo paropadeza pUrvaka jJAna prApta karate haiM gurujanoM ke dvArA sambodhita karane para saMsAra se virakta ho mukti prApta karate haiM ve bodhita buddha kahalAte haiN| (9) jJAna:- jJAna kI apekSA koI eka jJAna se, koI do jJAna se, koI tIna jJAna se, aura koI cAra jJAna vizeSa se siddhAvasthA prApta karate haiN| pratyutpanna naya kI apekSA eka kevalajJAna se hI siddhi hotI hai| bhUtaprajJApana naya kI dRSTi se mati, zruta, ina donoM se mati zruta aura avadhi ina tIna jJAnoM se va mati, zruta aura manaH paryaya ina tInoM jJAnoM se tathA mati, zruta avadhi aura mana: paryaya ina cAroM se siddhi hotI hai| (10) avagAhana:- utkRSTa aura jaghanya ke bheda se avagAhana (zarIra kI U~cAI) do prakAra kA hai| Atma pradezoM kA vyApitva arthAt avagAhana zarIra parimANa hai aura vaha avagAhana utkRSTa evaM jaghanya ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| utkRSTa avagAhana pA~ca sau paccIsa dhanuSa hai aura jaghanya sAr3he tIna aratni (muSThi banda kie hue hAtha ko arani kahate haiM) pramANa hai| madhya meM avagAhanA ke aneka vikalpa hote haiN| bhUtaprajJApana naya kI apekSA utkRSTa avagAhanA pA~ca sau paccIsa dhanuSa hai, jaghanya sAr3he tIna arani pramANa se aura madhya meM aneka vikalpoM se siddhi hotI hai tathA pratyutpanna bhAva prajJApana naya kI dRSTi se utkRSTa kucha kama pA~ca sau paccIsa dhanuSa se jaghanya sAr3he tIna arani pramANa se aura madhya meM aneka vikalpoM se siddhi hotI hai taba pratyutpanna bhAva prajJApana naya kI dRSTi se utkRSTa kucha kama pA~ca sau paccIsa dhanuSa se siddhi hotI hai aura jaghanya se kucha kama sAr3he tIna arani pramANa se siddhi hotI hai| 653 For Personal & Private Use Only

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(11) saMkhyA :- jaghanya se do samaya taka aura utkRSTa se ATha samaya taka nirantara siddha hote rahate haiN| jaghanya eka samaya aura utkRSTa chaha mahIne kA antara par3a sakatA hai| siddhoM ke virahakAla ko antara kahate haiM, arthAt eka siddha se dUsare siddha hone ke madhya kA kAla vA jitane samaya taka koI bhI jIva mokSa meM nahIM jAe, usako antara kahate haiN| siddha hone kA antara jaghanya eka samaya aura utkRSTa chaha mAsa hai| usake bAda koI na koI jIva mokSa meM avazya jaayegaa| jitane jIva eka sAtha mokSa meM jAte haiM, use saMkhyA kahate haiN| eka samaya meM jaghanya se eka jIva siddha hotA hai aura utkRSTa se 108 . siddha ho sakate haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| (12) alpabahatva:-kSetrAdi bheda se bhinna-bhinna kI paraspara saMkhyA vizeSa saMkhyA ke tAratamya ko alpabahatva kahate haiN| kSetra kAla liMga Adi gyAraha anuyoga dvAra se bhedoM kI paraspara saMkhyA vizeSa ko alpabahutva kahate haiN| jaise-pratyutpannanayakI apekSA siddhakSetra meM siddha hote haiM ata: unameM alpabahutva nahIM hai| parantu bhUtapUrva naya kI apekSA yahA~ vicAra kiyA jAtA hai-bhUtapUrva naya kI apekSA kSetrasiddha do prakAra ke haiM-eka janma kI dRSTi se| aura dUsare saMharaNa kI dRSTi se unameM saMharaNa siddha alpa hai, janma siddha unase saMkhyAta guNe haiN| saMharaNa do prakAra kA hai-eka svakRta dUsarA prkRt| devoM ke dvArA evaM cAraNa vidyAdharoM ke dvArA kRta saMharaNa parakRta hai aura cAraNa vidyAdharoM kA svayaM saMharaNa svakRta hai| jisa kSetra meM janma huA hai vaha kSetra kahalAtA hai aura deva vidyAdhara uThAkara samudra meM DAla dete haiM yA svayaM vidyA yA RddhiyoM se dUsare sthAna meM cale jAte haiM, vaha saMharaNa kahalAtA hai| unake kSetroM ke vibhAga ko kahate haiM-karmabhUmi, akarmabhUmi, samudra-dvIpa, Upara, nIce, tirache aadi| unameM Urdhvaloka siddha sabase stoka-kama haiN| urdhvaloka se siddha hone vAle jIvoM kI apekSA adholoka se siddha hone vAle saMkhyAta guNe adhika haiN| usase bhI tiryagloka siddha saMkhyAta guNe haiM! adholoka kA artha naraka vA Urdhvaloka kA artha svarga nahIM hai apitu adholoka kA artha hai - kisI ne munirAja ko nIce gaDaDhe meM DAla diyA ho yA parvata Adi U~ce sthAna meM le gaye hoM vaha Urdhvaloka kahalAtA hai| vahA~ se siddha hone vAle adho loka siddha aura Urdhvaloka siddha kahalAte haiN| sabase kama 654 For Personal & Private Use Only

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samudra siddha haiM usase asaMkhyAtaguNe dvIpoM se mukta hue jIva haiM, yaha sAmAnya varNana hai - vizeSa se sabase kama lavaNa samudra se siddha hue jIva haiM usase saMkhyAtaguNe kAlodadhi samudra se siddha hue haiM usase saMkhyAtaguNe jambUdvIpa samudra haiN| jambUdvIpa kI apekSA dhAtakI khaNDa se siddha hue haiM vaha jIva saMkhyAtaguNe adhika haiM usase saMkhyAtaguNe puSpakarArdhadvIpa siddha haiN| akSaramAtrapadasvarahInaM, vyaJjanasandhivivarjitarepham / sAdhubhiratra mama kSamitavyaM, ko na vimuhyatizAstrasamudre // ( 1 ) isa zAstra meM yadi kahIM akSara, mAtrA, pada, yA svara rahita ho tathA vyaMjana sandhi va rephase rahita ho to sajjana puruSa mujhe kSamA kreN| kyoMki zAstrarUpI samudra meM kauna puruSa moha ko prApta nahIM hotA arthAt bhUla nahIM karatA / abhyAsa prazna 1. kevala jJAna kI utpatti kina kAraNoM se hotI hai ? 2. mokSa jIva ko kaba prApta hotA hai ? 3. 13 vA~ guNasthAna (arahaMta avasthA) kA varNana karo ? 4. 14vA~ guNasthAna (ayoga kevalI guNasthAna) kA varNana karo ? 5. mokSa meM kina-kina bhAvoM kA abhAva hotA hai aura kyoM hotA hai ? 6. mokSa meM jJAna darzana Adi bhAvoM kA abhAva kyoM nahIM hotA hai ? 7. sampUrNa karma naSTa hone ke bAda jIva kI gati kahA~ taka hotI hai ? 8. jIva kI urdhvagati ke kAraNa kyA-kyA hai ? 9. siddha jIva lokAgra meM jAkara kyoM sthira ho jAte haiM ? ..10. mukta jIva meM bheda kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? For Personal & Private Use Only 655

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upAdhyAya zrI kanakanandI vdArA racita grantha ___Apako jAnakara harSa hogA ki jaina dharma kI vaijJAnikatA, dArzanikatA evam tattvajJatA se sabhI vargoM ke paricaya hetu- 'dharma darzana vijJAna zodha prakAzana' kA zubhArambha ho gayA hai| vartamAna vaijJAnika yuga kI pIr3hI, buddhijIvI varga evaM jaina-jainetara bandhuoM kI mAnasikatA ko dRSTigata kara racI gaI sabhI pustakeM Apako svayaM apane antarmana meM umar3ate praznoM kA hI uttara pratIta hogii| / upAdhyAya kanakanandI jI kI lekhanI se bhUgola, vijJAna, bhautika vijJAna, jIva vijJAna, rAjanIti, rasAyana vijJAna, khagola, yantra, mantra, tantra, Ayurveda, manovijJAna, Rddhi, siddhi, svapna vijJAna, dhyAna-yoga, itihAsAdi sabhI ko vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| prakAzita pustakeM: . (1) dharma vijJAna bindu .(mUlya 15.00 ru.) ' (2) dharma jJAna evaM vijJAna (hindI va aMgrejI) (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (3) bhAgya evaM puruSArtha (hindI va aMgrejI) (mUlya svAdhyAya, 10.00 ru.) (4) saMskAra (hindI va aMgrejI) (mUlya svAdhyAya 5.00 ru.) (5) digambara jaina sAdhu kA nagnatva evaM kezaloMca (hindI va aMgrejI) (mUlya svAdhyAya 5.00 ru.) (6) vyasana kA dhArmika vaijJAnika vizleSaNa (hindI va aMgrejI) (mUlya 20.00 ru.) (7) jinArcanA puSpa-I evaM I (mUlya 21.00 ru. pratyeka) (8) dharma evaM svAsthya vijJAna puSpa-I (mUlya svAdhyAya, 20.00 ru.) (9) puNya pApa mImAMsA (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (10) nimitta upAdAna mImAMsA (mUlya 7.00 ru.) (11) dharma darzana evaM vijJAna (mUlya 21.00 ru.) (12) krAMti ke agradUta (mUlya svAdhyAya, 10.00 ru.) (13) lezyA-manovijJAna (mUlyaM 6.00 ru.) For Personal & Private Use Only

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(14) RSabha putra bharata se bhArata (mUlya 10.00 ru.) (15) dhyAna kA eka vaijJAnika vizleSaNa (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (16) anekAnta darzana (mUlya 20.00 ru.) (17) karma kA dArzanika evaM vaijJAnika vivecana (mUlya 25.00 ru.) (18) yuga nirmAtA RSabhadeva (mUlya-svAdhyAya, 15.00 ru.) (19) vizva zAnti ke amogha upAya (mUlya-svAdhyAya 10.00 ru.) (20) manana evaM pravacana (mUlya-svAdhyAya 5.00 ru.)) (21) ahiMsAmRtam (mUlya 7.00 ru.) (22) vinaya mokSadvAra (mUlya-svAdhyAya, 5.00 ru.) (23) kSamA vIrasya bhUSaNam (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (24) saMgaThana ke sUtra (mUlya 10.00 ru.) (25) atimAnavIya zakti (mUlya 21.00 ru.) (26) mantra vijJAna (mUlya 10.00 ru.) (27) Philosophy of Scientific Religion (Rs. 15.00) (28) dharma evaM svAsthya vijJAna puSpa- II (mUlya 20.00 ru.) (29) bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA divya saMdeza (mUlya 5.00 ru.) (30) vizva vijJAna rahasya (mUlya 100.00 ru.) (31) dharma darzana vijJAna pravezikA puSpa-I evaM II (mUlya 5.00 ru.) (32) bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA divya saMdeza (mUlya 5.00 ru.) (33) vizva vijJAna rahasya (mUlya 100.00 ru.) (34) Religious and scientific analysis of Vyasan (Rs. 20.00) (35) svapna vijJAna (mUlya 25.00 ru.) (36) trailokyapUjya brahmacarya (mUlya 12.00 ru.) (37) AtmotthAnopAya: tapa (mUlya 9.00 ru.) (38) tattvAnucintana (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (39) vizva itihAsa (mUlya 25.00) (40) zakuna vijJAna (mUlya 25.00 ru.) (41) bAla dharma vijJAna (mUlya 8.00 ru.) (42) kathA sumana mAlikA (mUlya 15.00 ru.) For Personal & Private Use Only

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(43) 72 kalAyeM (mUlya 5.00 ru. (44) hiMsAmaya yajJa kA prArambha kyoM (mUlya 7.00 ru. (45) kathA-saurabha (mUlya 21.00 ru.) (46) kathA-pArijAta (mUlya 15.00 ru.) (47) dharma pravartaka caubIsa tIrthaMkara (mUlya 5.00 ru.) (48) jIne kI kalA (49) saMskAra (bRhat) (50) kathA cintAmaNi (51) satya dharma - (mUlya 5.00 ru.) prakAzana kI ora se sAdhu-saMghoM, svAdhyAya zAlAoM, dhArmika zikSaNa saMsthAoM, zodharata chAtroM, asamartha bhAI-bahanoM ko pustakeM ni:zulka bheMTa kI jAtI haiN| pustakAlaya, vAcanAlaya zikSaNa saMsthAoM ke lie 25% chUTa se zAstra diye jaayeNge| sAmAnya svAdhyAya premiyoM ke lie 10% chUTa hai, DAka kharca alaga se hai| AjIvana sadasya 2101.00 ru.| rUpaye agrima bhejane kI AvazyakatA hai| dravyadAtA AjIvana-sadasya kArya-kartAoM ko saMsthA kI samasta pustakeM ni:zulka milatI hai| Arthika dRSTi se samartha sAmAnya vyakti se ucita mUlya isaliye prApta kiyA jAtA hai ki jisase sAhitya kA avamUlyana na ho yogya vyakti ko sAhitya prApta ho, sAhitya kA Adara ho, sAhitya prakAzana ke liye jJAna dAna (sahayoga) ho, sAdhu Adi ko ni:zulka sAhitya bhejane meM Arthika ApUrti ho evaM usa sahayoga se adhika se adhika sAhitya prakAzana, pracAra, prasAra ho, dravyadAtA ko usa dravya se prakAzita pratiyoM kI eka dazamAMza pratiyA~ bhI ni:zulka prApta hoMgI pustake chapavAne vAle yadi lAgata rUpayoM meM se kucha rUpaye dene meM asamartha hogeM to saMsthAH usakI Arthika sahAyatA ke sAtha sAtha anyAnya sahAyatA karake unake nAma para hI usakI pustaka chapavA degii| isameM saMsthA kA koI nihita svArtha nahIM hai| parantu jJAna-pracAra kA eka mAtra uddezya hai| nivedaka dharma-darzana vijJAna zodha prakAzana bar3auta- 250611 meraTha (u. pra.) For Personal & Private Use Only

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