Karm Vignan Part 02

Author(s): Devendramuni
Publisher: Tarak Guru Jain Granthalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004243/1

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upacArya devendra muni sriNg (2) For Personal & Private Use Only

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* bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra kA udAtta cintana/evaM tatva darzana jIva mAtra ke abhyudaya evaM niHzreyasa kA mArga prazasta karatA hai| yahI vaha parama patha hai, jisa para calakara mAnava zAnti aura sukha kI prApti kara sakatA hai| varSoM se merI bhAvanA thI ki bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita adhyAtma evaM tatvacintana ko sarala zailI meM prAmANika dRSTi se jana-jana ke samakSa prastuta kiyA jaay| apane uttarAdhikArI vidvAna cintaka upAcArya devendramuni jI ke samakSa maiMne apanI bhAvanA vyakta kI, taba unhoMne merI bhAvanA ko bar3I zraddhA aura prasannatA ke sAtha grahaNa kiyA, zIghra hI Apane jaina nItizAstra, appA so paramappA, saddhA parama dullahA, jaise gaMbhIra viSayoM para bahuta suMdara sarasa sAhitya praNayana karake merI antara bhAvanA ko sAkAra kiyA, mujhe bar3I prasannatA huii| aba Apane karmavijJAna nAmaka mahatvapUrNa grantha kA sRjana kara jaina sAhityazrI ko zrRMgArita kiyA hai| karmavAda jaise gahana aura atIva vyApaka viSaya para itanA sundara, Agamika tathA vaijJAnikadRSTi se yuktipurassara vivecana una sabake lie upayogI hogA jo AtmA evaM paramAtmA; baMdhana evaM mukti tathA karma aura akarma kI gatthiyA sulajhAnA cAhate haiN| maine isa grantha ke kucha mukhya-mukhya aMza sune, bahuta sundara lge| mujhe vizvAsa hai, upAcArya zrI devendramuni jI kA yaha vidvattApUrNa grantha jaina sAhitya kI eka mUlyavAna maNi siddha hogii| -AcArya jAnandaRSi For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna (dvitIya bhAga) ( karma - siddhAnta para sarvAMgINa vivecana ) * upAcArya zrI devendra muni zrI tAraka guru jaina granthAlaya, udayapura For Personal & Private Use Only

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pUjya upAdhyAya gurudeva zrI puSkara munijI mahArAja kI 82vIM janma jayantI ke zubha avasara para prakAzita zrI tAraka gurujaina granthAlaya kA puSpa : 287 karma vijJAna (dvitIya bhAga) * upAcArya zrI devendra muni prathama AvRtti vi. saM. 2048 Azvina zuklA 14 22 akTUbara 1991 prakAzaka-prAptisthAna zrI tAraka guru jaina granthAlayaH zAstrI sarkala, udayapura pina : 313001 (rAja.) mudraNa-prakAzana saMjaya surAnA dvArA kAmadhenu priMTarsa eMDa pablizarsa e-7, avAgar3ha hAUsa, ema. jI. roDa, AgarA 282002 phona 68328 mUlya lAgata mAtra ru. 80/mAtra (assI rupayA sirpha) For Personal & Private Use Only

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samarpita zruta - jJAna ke ananya ArAdhaka jaina AgamoM ke prathama hindI TIkAkAra zramaNa saMgha ke prathama AcAryaAcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja tathA zama-dama-sama bhAva kI maMgala mUrti rASTrasanta AcArya zrI Ananda RSijI mahArAja, AcArya dvaya ke dIkSA evaM janma zatAbdI samAroha ke pAvana prasaMga para savinaya samarpita - upAcArya devendra muni For Personal & Private Use Only

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prakAzakIya bola "dharma aura karma" adhyAtma jagata ke do adbhuta zabda haiM, jina para caitanya jagata kI samasta kriyA/pratikriyA AdhArita hai| sAmAnyataH dharma manuSya ke mokSa/mukti kA pratIka hai aura karma, baMdhana kaa| bandhana aura mukti kA hI yaha sagasta khela hai| prANI/karmabaddha AtmA, pravRtti karatA hai, karma meM pravRtta hotA hai, sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai, karma se mukta hone ke lie phira dharma kA AcaraNa karatA hai, mukti kI ora kadama bar3hAtA hai| ___"karmavAda" kA viSaya bahuta gahana hai, tathApi karmabandhana se mukta hone ke lie ise jAnanA bhI parama Avazyaka hai| karma siddhAnta ko samajhe binA dharma ko yA mukti-mArga ko nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| hameM parama prasannatA hai ki jaina jagata ke mahAna manISI, cintaka/lekhaka upAcArya zrI devendra muni jI mahArAja ne "karmavijJAna" nAma se yaha vizAla granya likhakara adhyAtmavAdI janatA ke lie mahAna upakAra kiyA hai| yaha virAT grantha lagabhaga 2500 pRSTha kA hone se hamane cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| prathama bhAga meM karmavAda para dArzanika evaM vaijJAnika carcA hai tathA dUsare bhAga meM puNya-pApa para vistRta vivecana hai| tIsare bhAga meM Amrava-saMvara kI vistArapUrvaka vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| viSaya paraspara sambaddha hone se dUsare-tIsare bhAga kI pRSTha saMkhyA bhI kramazaH rakhI gaI hai| prathama bhAga kA prakAzana pUjya gurudeva upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni jI ma. kI 81vIM janma-jayaMtI ke prasaMga para kiyA jA cukA hai| aba dvitIya bhAga pAThakoM kI sevA meM prastuta hai| isake prakAzana meM dAnavIra DA. campAlAla jI desarar3A, auraMgAbAda kA apUrva yogadAna milA hai jo unakI sAhityika abhiruci tathA upAdhyAyazrI aura upAcAryazrI ke prati apAra AsthA kA dyotaka hai| aise tejasvI dharmaniSTha yuvaka suzrAvaka para hameM sAtvika garva hai| hama unake AbhArI haiN| sAtha hI sAhityasevI zrImAn zrIcanda jI surAnA"sarasa" ne bar3I tatparatA ke sAtha isa kA sundara mudraNa va sAja-sajjA yukta prakAzana kara samaya para prastuta kiyA; hama unheM hArdika dhanyavAda dete haiN| AzA hai, pAThaka isa grantha ke svAdhyAya se adhikAdhika lAbhAnvita hoNge| cunIlAla dharmAvata koSAdhyakSa For Personal & Private Use Only

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leuoneLTD For Personal & Private Use Only parama gurubhakta DA. campAlAlajI phUlacandajI desaraDA dharmazIlA sau. prabhAdevI campAlAla jI desarar3A

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udAra hRdaya DaoN. campAlAla jI dezaraDA sabhI prANI jIvana jIte haiM, parantu jInA unhIM kA sArthaka hai jo apane jIvana meM, paropakAra, dharmAcaraNa karate hue sabhI ke lie sukha aura maMgalakArI kartavya karate hoN| auraMgAbAda nivAsI DA. zrI campAlAla jI desaraDA evaM sau. prabhA devI kA jIvana aisA hI sevAbhAvI paropakArI jIvana hai| zrIyuta campAlAla jI ke jIvana meM joza aura hoza donoM hI haiN| apane puruSArtha aura pratibhA ke bala para unhoMne vipula lakSmI bhI kamAI aura usakA jana-jana ke kalyANa hetu sadupayoga kiyaa| Apa meM dhArmika evaM sAMskRtika abhiruci hai| samAja hita evaM lokahita kI pravRttiyoM meM udAratA pUrvaka dAna dete haiN| apane svArtha va sukha-bhoga meM to lAkhoM loga kharca karate haiM parantu dharma evaM samAja ke hita meM kharca karane vAle virale hote haiN| Apa unhIM virale puruSoM meM haiN| . Apake pUjya pitA zrI phUlacanda jI sAhaba tathA mAtezvarI harakU bAI ke dhArmika saMskAra Apake jIvana meM pallavita hue| Apa prAraMbha se hI medhAvI chAtra rhe| pratibhA kI tejasvitA aura dRr3ha adhyavAsa ke kAraNa dhAtuzAstra. (Metullurgical Engineering) meM pI. eca. DI. kI upAdhi prApta kii| . . ApakA pANigrahaNa pUnA nivAsI zrImAna motIlAla jI nAhara kI suputrI a. sau. prabhA devI ke sAtha sampanna huaa| sau. prabhA devI dharma parAyaNa, sevAbhAvI mahilA hai| jaina AgamoM meM dharmapatnI ko "dhammasahAyA" vizeSaNa diyA hai| vaha Apake jIvana meM caritArtha hotA hai| Apake suputra haiM-zrI shekhr| vaha bhI pitA kI bhA~ti tejasvI pratibhAzAlI haiN| abhI injiniyariMga parIkSA samuttIrNa kI hai| zekhara jI kI dharmapatnI sau. sunItA devI tathA suputra zrI kizora kumAra haiN| zrI campAlAla jI kI do suputriyA~ haiM-kumArI sapanA aura kumArI shilpaa| Apa aneka sevAbhAvI sAmAjika saMsthAoM ke ucca padoM para AsIna haiN| dakSiNa kesarI munizrI mizrImala jI mahArAja homyopaithika meDikala kAleja, guru gaNeza nagara, auraMgAbAda ke Apa sekreTarI haiN| san 1988 meM zraddheya upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni jI mahArAja evaM upAcArya zrI devendra muni jI mahArAja ahamadanagara varSAvAsa sampanna kara auraMgAbAda padhAre, taba ApakA upAcArya zrI se samparka huaa| upAcArya zrI ke sAhitya ke prati ApakI vizeSa abhiruci jAgrata huii| karma-vijJAna bhAga-2 ke prakAzana meM ApazrI ne vizeSa anudAna pradAna kiyA haiN| tadartha saMsthA ApakI AbhArI rhegii| Apake vyAvasAyika pratiSThAna haiM : Prastishthan Alloy Castings Parason Enterprises Aurangabad (M. S.) ... -cunnIlAla dharmAvata koSAdhyakSa For Personal & Private Use Only

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lekhaka kI kalama se karmaH eka anivArya UrjA-zakti karma eka aisI UrjA (energy) athavA zakti (force) hai, jo saMsAra ke prANImAtra kI kriyAzIlatA, tathA vRtti-pravRtti ko saMcAlita karatI hai| prANImAtra aura vizeSa rUpa se mAnavamAtra kI yaha vivazatA athavA anivAryatA hai ki use sakriya rahanA hI par3atA hai| svecchA se athavA vivazatAvaza use koI na koI kriyA karanI hI par3atI hai| prANI kSaNabhara bhI niSkriya yA kriyA rahita nahIM raha paataa| aMgrejI lokokti hai Activity is life (karmaThatA athavA kriyAzIlatA hI jIvana hai|) karma kI sattA vizvavyApI isa kriyAzIlatA kI preraka zakti hai, karma / isI apekSA se karma kI sattA vizvavyApI hai| pratyeka prANI meM usakI avasthiti hai| sAmAnya dRSTi se nidrAdhIna vyakti ko akarmA yA niSkriya kaha diyA jAtA hai, parantu nidrA bhI jIvana kI gatividhiyoM ko sucAru rUpa se calAne ke lie upayogI hai, sahAyaka hai| sAdhAraNa bhASA meM karma na hote hue bhI, vaha zarIra evaM mastiSka ko . sakSama tathA gatizIla rakhane ke lie Avazyaka aura anivArya hai, isalie nidrA bhI eka kriyA hai, karma bhI hai, aura darzanAvaraNIya karma ke eka upabheda kA phalabhoga bhI ___ isI prakAra jIvana kI pratyeka kriyA, prakriyA, gati, pragati, unnati, avanati meM karma eka.anivArya aura upayogI kAraka hai| karma kA vividha rUpa .. karma mAnasika bhI hotA hai, vaicArika bhI aura kAyika bhii| mastiSka meM pravAhita hone vAlI vicAra taraMgeM mAnasika karma haiN| vacana kI pravRtti vAcasika karma aura kAyA (zarIra) dvArA kI jAne vAlI pravRttiyAM kAyika karma kahalAtI haiN| __ mana, vacana aura kAyA mAnava ke pAsa ye tIna hI yoga haiM athavA sAdhana haiM, jina se vaha karma karatA hai, karavAtA hai tathA anyoM dvArA kiye jAne vAle kRtyoM se sahamati vyakta karatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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/ .......................... karmazAstra athavA karma vijJAna ... mana-vacana-kAyA kI ye kriyAeM, pravRttiyAM, zubha evaM kalyANakArI, apane aura. dUsaroM ke hita meM bhI hotI haiM, aura ahita meM bhii| prANI ko inake zubha-azubha phalaM bhI bhogane par3ate haiN| kyoMki koI bhI kriyA niSphala nahIM hotii| kriyA kI pratikriyA aura phira pratikriyA kI kriyA-yaha prakriyA satata calatI rahatI hai| karmazakti kA bhI isI prakAra cakra anavarata rUpa se pravRttamAna rahatA hai| kisa karma kA, kaisA phala prApta hogA, isa viSaya para aneka vicArakoM aura manISiyoM ne gaharAI pUrvaka cintana-manana karake apane-apane niSkarSa prastuta kiye haiN| tIrthaMkara yA sarvajJoM ne jahAM apane nirmala jJAnAnubhava se isa viSaya kI atala gaMbhIratA udghATita kI hai, vahIM vidvAnoM ke tarka, yukti, pramANa evaM lokAnubhava ke AdhAra para tathA vaijJAnikoM ne vividha anusandhAna evaM prayogoM ke AdhAra para kriyA yA karma kI phala niSpatti para prakAza DAlA hai| ina saMgrahIta evaM ekIkRta niSkarSoM ko hI karmavAda, karmazAstra Adi ke rUpa meM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| jaina darzana ne isa viSaya meM adhika gaharAI se cintana karake karmoM kA sarvAMgapUrNa vivecana kiyA hai| tArkika evaM vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se usake pratyeka pahalU ko, pariNAmoM ko prajJA-nikarSa para kasakara, eka nizcita AkRti evaM avasthiti dI hai| yaha avasthiti hI apanI vaijJAnikatA ke kAraNa karma-vijJAna ke rUpa meM prasthApita huii| karma-vijJAna ko samajhane vAlA vyakti jIvana meM kabhI bhI nirAza, hatAza aura zokAkula nahIM hotA; kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai, jo kucha Aja mere jIvana meM ho rahA hai, vaha mere dvArA kiye hue karma kA hI pariNAma hai, aura yaha avazyameva bhoganA hai, aura jo kucha Aja kara rahA hU~ usakA bhI phala pariNAma rUpa meM kala mujhe bhorAnA hogaa| apanI saphalatA aura asaphalatA, sukha aura duHkha kA jimmedAra maiM svayaM hU~, isalie ina prApta phaloM ke bhoga ke samaya sadA zAnta, prasanna aura samabhAva meM sthita rahanA hI merA kartavya hai| isa prakAra jIvana meM zAnti aura mAnasika saMtulana banAye rakhane kA mUla rahasya karma-siddhAnta ke jJAna meM sannihita hai| yaha jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA bhI hai aura sarva svIkArya mahattA bhii| prastuta grantha prastuta pustaka jaina karma-vijJAna kA dvitIya bhAga hai| isase pahale prathama bhAga chapa cukA hai| usameM tIna khaNDa haiN| usake prathama khaNDa meM "karma kA astitva" aneka pramANoM, yuktiyoM va vaijJAnika mAnyatAoM ke AdhAra se siddha kiyA gayA hai| dUsare For Personal & Private Use Only

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(19) khaNDa "karmavAda kA aitihAsika paryAvalocana" meM prAgaitihAsika kAla se vartamAna yuga taka kI karmavAda kI vikAsa yAtrA kA bahuAyAmI varNana huA hai| tRtIya khaNDa maiM karma ke virATa svarUpa kA digdarzana hai| prastuta dvitIya bhAga ke antargata do khaNDa hai / (1) caturtha khaNDa evaM (2) paMcama khaNDa | 1 - caturtha khaNDa meM karmavijJAna athavA karmoM kI upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatAoM kA vivecana hai| karma vijJAna athavA karmoM kA jJAna AdhyAtmika, vyAvahArika, sAmAjika, naitika Adi jIvana ke vibhinna kSetroM meM kisa prakAra aura kitanA upayogI hai, isakA samIcIna digdarzana karAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yaha to nizcita hai ki pratyeka vyakti unnati evaM sukha hI cAhatA hai, avanati aura duHkha koI nahIM caahtaa| lekina jaba taka use yaha jJAta na ho ki kisa prakAra ke karmoM se, kisa prakAra kI kriyA aura pravRtti se unnati hogI, sukha milegA, kalyANa hogA, taba taka vaha upayogI kriyA nahIM kara paataa| karma evaM karmaphala ke samyag jJAna ke abhAva meM unnati evaM sukha kI kAmanA sirpha eka sapanA mAtra banakara raha jAtI hai| isa khaNDa meM vividha udAharaNoM, rUpakoM tathA saiddhAntika aura vyAvahArika vivecanA se yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki karmazAstra kA jJAna kisa prakAra mAnava kI sarvAMgapUrNa unnati meM upayogI ho sakatA hai| AdhyAtmika athavA Atmika unnati ke kauna-kauna se sopAna haiM ? vyakti kisa prakAra kI kriyA kare ki usakA vyAvahArika jIvana sukhI ho; vaha samAja, rASTra aura mAnavatA ke lie upayogI bana sake aura apane jIvana kI kRtakRtyatA anubhava kara ske| naitikatA kA dhArmikata se aTUTa sambandha hai| naitika vyakti hI dhArmika, vyavahArakuzala aura samAjopayogI hotA hai| naitika AdarzoM kA mUla AdhAra karma siddhAnta hI hai| karmavAda ke sAtha samAjavAda kI tulanA karake ina donoM kI saMgati aura visaMgati kA bhI ucita mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai| karmavAda ko kucha loga bhAgyavAda mAnakara yaha AkSepa karate haiM ki karmavAda mAnava ko nirAzAvAdI tathA AlasI pramAdI aura kalpanA- jIvI banAtA hai, use puruSArthahIna kara detA hai, vaha soca letA hai - jaisA karma meM (bhAgya meM) likhA hogA, vaisA hI hogA, phira puruSArtha se kyA lAbha ? For Personal & Private Use Only

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-.-.-.-.-.-._._ _ (8) __ lekina isa bhrAnti kA nirasana vibhinna udAharaNoM aura saiddhAntika rUpa se karake yaha sthApita kiyA gayA hai ki karmavAda puruSArthayukta AzAvAda hai| karmavAda ko bhalIbhAMti jAnane vAlA kabhI nirAzAvAdI nahIM ho sktaa| vaha puruSArtha ko pradhAnatA dekara apane durbhAgya ko saubhAgya meM badalane ke prayAsa karatA hai| karmavAda kI rela bhAgyavAda kI vaizAkhI para nahIM parantu puruSArtha kI paTarI para hI calatI hai| udvartana, saMkramaNa Adi ke siddhAnta manuSya ko puruSArtha kI preraNA dete haiN| - isI prakAra karma-phala viSayaka dhAraNAoM ko lekara yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki karmoM kA phala sAmUhika bhI hotA hai aura vyaktigata bhii| karmavAda na kevala vyaktigata hai, na kevala samUhagata, kintu usakA niyama sarvatra lAgU hotA. hai| 2-pA~caveM khaNDa "karmaphala ke vividha AyAma" meM karmakartA, phalabhoktA tathA karmaphala-pradAtA kauna hai ? isa sambandha meM vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaina karmavijJAna kA nizcita siddhAnta hai ki Izvara yA bhagavAna nAma kI koI viziSTa zakti karmaphala-pradAtA nahIM hai| prANI ke puruSArtha saMyoga se karmoM meM hI aisI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai ki ve svayaM hI prANI ko usake kiye karmoM kA phala bhugatavA dete haiN| karma Izvara kA pratinidhi bhI nahIM hai, vaha prANI ke puruSArtha kA aura usakI bhAvanAoM kA pratinidhitva avazya karatA hai| . jaise zarAba athavA kisI mAdaka dravya kA sevana koI puruSa kara letA hai to madya use svayaM hI madamatta banA detI hai| isI prakAra kRta karma svayaM hI jIva ko phala pradAna kara dete haiM, isake lie Izvara Adi kisI anya mAdhyama (Intermediary) kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai| kucha vicArakoM kA karmavAda para aisA Aropa hai ki karmoM kA phala tatkAla milanA caahie| aise tatkAla-phalavAdiyoM ke bhrama nivAraNa hetu karmoM ke niyamoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karake unake isa AkSepa kA nirasana bhI kiyA gayA hai| ___ isa viSaya meM eka sIdhA sA vyAvahArika dRSTAnta hai-koI bAlaka monTesarI kI zikSA prArambha karate hI DAkTara, vakIla, injIniyara nahIM bana jAtA, use kama se kama 20-25 varSa lagate haiN| bIja ko aMkurita hokara vRkSa banane va phaladAyI banane meM bhI samaya to lagatA hI hai| isI prakAra karma ko paripakva hokara phala pradAna karane meM bhI samaya apekSita hai| yaha samaya kitanA hogA ?-yaha karmakartA kI mAnasika sthiti para nirbhara hai| yadi tIvra roSa, dveSa, lobha Adi kI bhAvanA se usane karma kiyA hai to usakA phala isa janma meM bhI mila sakatA hai aura AgAmI janmoM meM bhI prApta ho sakatA hai| vAstava meM karma kI traikAlika vyavasthA hai| pichale janma meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala isa janma meM mila sakatA hai aura isa janma meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala AgAmI janmoM meM bhI prApta ho sakatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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( 9 ) aisA bhI nahIM hai ki isa janma meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala, isI janma meM na mile| pratyakSa dekhA jAtA hai ki corI, hatyA, parastrIgamana Adi pApoM kA phala isa janma meM mila jAtA hai, aise logoM ko jelakhAne kI kaThora sajA bhoganI par3atI hai| bahuta se krUra karmoM kA phala tatkAla hAthoMhAtha milatA bhI dekhA /sunA jAtA hai| sAra yaha hai ki anya bhautika vijJAnoM, mano-vijJAna Adi ke samAna karmoM (karma-vijJAna) ke bhI kucha nizcita niyama aura siddhAnta haiM tathA unhIM ke anusAra unakA phalabhoga prApta hotA hai| isa siddhAnta ko jaina Agama tathA anya dharma zAstroM ke vividha udAharaNa dekara prastuta grantha meM spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai| aura yaha sAmAnya tathya hai ki zubha karmoM athavA puNya se AtmA kA utthAna hotA hai azubha karma athavA pApa se patana; kintu kucha aise akuzala vyakti bhI hote haiM jinheM sabhI prakAra ke anukUla sAdhana aura paristhitiyAM prApta hotI haiM, zubha karmodaya hotA hai, phira bhI ve una suvidhAoM ko prAptaM karake apanA Atmika patana kara lete haiN| isake viparIta kucha aise bhI hote haiM jo pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM bhI apanI Atmika unnati ke patha para bar3ha jAte haiN| yaha mAnavoM kI supravRtti aura duSpravRttiyoM kA lekhA-jokhA hai| Adhunika bhautika evaM cikitsA vaijJAnika unnati se samAyojana karate hue saMsAra kI karma-vijJAnasammata zAzvata aura prayatnasAdhya do prakAra kI vyavasthAeM batAI gaI haiN| mAnava dvArA jitanI bhI unnati huI hai, vaha saMsAra kI prayatnasAdhya vyavasthA hai| isake atirikta jana sAdhAraNa aura yahA~ taka ki vidvAnoM, manasviyoM meM phaile isa bhrama, ki puNya se svarga kI prApti hotI hai athavA puNyAtmA dhanI hote haiM, ko pramANa purassara tarkoM aura cintanapUrNa abhivyaktiyoM dvArA nirasta karake puNya ke yathArtha svarUpa kA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| jo sabhI ke lie mananIya hai| isI prakAra abhAvagrastatA, dIna-hIna dazA Adi pApa kA phala hai, isa bhrama ko bhI utsthApita karake yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki pApa pravRtti ke sAtha-sAtha prANI kI puruSArthahInatA bhI ina abhAva : durdazAoM ke lie jimmedAra hai| isa prakAra karmavijJAna dvArA puruSArtha kA mahatva evaM upayogitA ko sthApita karake AzAvAdI dRSTikoNa kI preraNA dI gaI hai| karmavAda kA viSaya bahuta hI gaMbhIra aura vyApaka hai| prAcIna granthoM meM to. isa viSaya para vipula mAtrA meM cintana kiyA hI gayA hai, parantu vartamAna vicArakoM, vidvAnoM aura nItizAstra evaM samAjazAstra ke vivecakoM ne bhI bahuta prayogoM dvArA isa viSaya ko paryApta suspaSTatA dI hai| jisake AdhAra para hama For Personal & Private Use Only

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(10) -.-.-.-.-.-'-' jaina karma-siddhAnta kI vyApakatA aura satyatA kA nissaMkoca pratipAdana kara sakate haiN| maiMne anekAneka graMthoM ke parizIlana se jo tathya/satya prApta kiye haiM, unhIM ke AdhAra para maiMne yaha vyApaka graMtha taiyAra karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai aura yaha pramANita karane kA yathAsambhava prayatna kiyA hai, ki karma-bandhana evaM karmaphalabhoga kI prakriyA samajha lene para jIvana meM kabhI bhI nirAzA/hatAzA kA muMha nahIM dekhanA par3atA, astu| prArambha meM sampUrNa viSaya ko do bhAgoM meM hI prakAzita karane kI yojanA thI, parantu jyoM-jyoM lekhana hotA gayA, graMtha kA AkAra-prakAra bhI bar3hatA calA / gayA aura aba lagatA hai sampUrNa graMtha cAra yA pAMca bhAga meM paripUrNa hogaa| isakA tRtIya bhAga bhI chapa rahA hai| tRtIya bhAga meM chaThA khaNDa hai, jisameM Asava, saMvara aura baMdha kA vivecana hai| Age ke bhAgoM meM nirjarA tatva tathA mokSa tatva kA evaM vibhinna karma prakRtiyoM kA vivecana karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| ___karma-vijJAna meM prayukta kaThina zabdoM kA zabdakoSa evaM zabdasUcI bhI dene kA vicAra hai, yadi saMbhava ho sakA to grantha sampUrNa hone para antima khaNDa meM dene kA prayAsa kiyA jaayegaa| karma vijJAna ke prathama bhAga ke samAna isa dvitIya bhAga meM bhI maiMne AdhArabhUta graMthoM kI prAmANika sAmagrI kA upayoga kara pratyeka viSaya kA vistRta aura sarvAMgapUrNa vivecana prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isa hetu saiddhAntika aura kArmagrAnthika kRtiyoM kA upayoga to kiyA hI hai| sAtha hI sAtha pAzcAtya evaM paurvAtya vidvAnoM ke vicAroM kA bhI yathAsthAna tarkayukta DhaMga se samAveza kiyA hai| unakI kRtiyoM ko bhI samakSa rakhA hai| itanA hI nahIM, una patra-patrikAoM kA bhI upayoga kiyA hai, jinameM sandarbhita viSaya-sAmagrI kI upalabdhi huI hai| una sabhI ke prati maiM hArdika kRtajJatA abhivyakta karatA huuN| isa prakAra maiMne isa mahAna graMtha ko sarvAMgapUrNa svarUpa dene kA hara saMbhava prayatna kiyA hai| AzA hI nahIM, vizvAsa hai-merA yaha prayAsa saphala hogaa| jijJAsuoM tathA manISiyoM ko bhI jaina karma vijJAna saMbaMdhI yathArtha jAnakArI prApta hogI aura karma saMbaMdhI aneka bhrAntiyoM kA nirasana hogaa| AbhAra pradarzana sarvaprathama maiM zramaNa saMgha ke adhyAtmanAyaka AcArya samrATa zrI Ananda RSi jI For Personal & Private Use Only

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. - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . (11) mahArAja kA smaraNa karatA hU~ jinake maMgalamaya AzIrvAda se maiM apanI adhyAtmasAdhanA meM yazasvI ho rahA huuN| mere lekhana meM pUjya upAdhyAya gurudeva zrI puSkara muni jI mahArAja kA AzIrvAda usI prakAra sahAyaka rahA hai jaise dIpaka ko jyoti puMja ke rUpa meM prakAzita hone meM sneha (tel)| unakA sneha, vAtsalya, karuNA mere jIvana kI cirasthAyI nidhi hai| . parama snehI santamAnasa mahAmanISI muni zrI nemIcanda jI mahArAja kA saujanya pUrNa sahayoga bhI mere lie avismaraNIya hai| unhoMne mere dvArA likhita nibandhoM ko bar3I sUkSma dRSTi se saMzodhita/sampAdita karake sneha pUrNa samarpaNa aura AtmIya bhAva pragaTa kiyA hai| yaha mere lie cirasmaraNIya hai| .. pratibhAmUrti jyeSTha bhaginI puSpavatI jI mahArAja kI satata preraNA se maiM (karmavijJAna) prastuta grantha ke lekhana meM gatizIla rahA huuN| ataH inakA smaraNa sahaja hI ho jAtA hai| ____ maiM una sabhI santoM, manISiyoM, vidvAnoM tathA jJAta-ajJAta kRtikAroM evaM sahayogiyoM ke prati AbhArI hU~, jinake sahakAra se maiM isa grantha ko rocaka evaM AkarSaka rUpa pradAna karane meM sakSama huaa| __ isa avasara para paramasnehI zrIcanda jI surAnA "sarasa" ko bhI nahIM bhulA sakatA, jinake athaka prayAsa se grantha kA truTi rahita mudraNa aura AkarSaka sAja-sajjA saMbhava huii| ve atyadhika dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| ... parama utsAhI suzrAvaka DA. campAlAla jI desarar3A ko bhI vismRta nahIM ho sakatA, jinhoMne karma vijJAna ke dvitIya bhAga ke prakAzana meM apanA udAra Arthika sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| -upAcArya devendra muni jaina vikAsa kendra pIpADa siTI For Personal & Private Use Only

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( 12) prAkkathana tIrthaMkara-paramparA se pUrva bhogabhUmi kA vAtAvaraNa thA; jisameM prANI ko . AjIvikA ke lie kucha bhI karanA nahIM par3atA thaa| kalpavRkSa apane phaloM dvArA jaTharAgni ko zAnta karane kA kAma pUrNa karate the| pUrvArjita karmoM kA bhoga karatA thA praannii| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke janma se isa paramparA meM parivartana honA : prArambha hone lgaa| phalasvarUpa AjIvikA arjana ke lie prANI ko karma karane kI apekSA huii| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne karma kA pravartana kiyaa| kisI kriyA kA pariNAma karma hotA hai| upayogI aura lalita karmoM kA . sUtrapAta kara Ama AdamI ko zrama ke prati AkRSTa kiyA gyaa| zubha athavA azubha do rUpoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA karma ko| zubha karma jIvana meM sukhada pariNAma juTAte haiM aura azubha karma juTAte haiM duHkhada prinnaam| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne donoM hI prakAra ke kamoM ke rUpa ko svarUpa pradAna kiyaa| karma kA viziSTa rUpa hai klaa| aindriyaka aura AdhyAtmika upayoga kI nAnA kalAoM kA pravartana kiyA gyaa| karma-kalA kA prayojana hotA hai jIvana meM sukha ' aura samRddhi kA saMcAra krnaa| isase bhI Upara prayojana kI uttama pariNati hai : AvAgamana se mukti prApta krnaa| AvAgamana se chuTakArA pAkara jIva ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta vIrya aura ananta sukha-ananta catuSTaya ko jagAtA hai| karma jIvana ko sakriya banAtA hai| isI sakriyatA kA pariNAma hai-sNsaar| saMsAra meM jIva apane karmAnusAra nAnA prakAra kI gatiyoM meM janma lekara jItA hai, maratA hai| karma se hI saMsAra hai| karma hI jIvana hai| karma hI sukha aura duHkha kA dAtA hai| karma se hI yaha jIvAtmA paramAtmA ho jAtI hai| jaba taka vaha jIvana ko saMsaraNazIlatA se jItA hai taba taka vaha saMsArI jIva kahalAtA hai| isa avasthA meM jIva moha ke adhIna rahatA hai| moha se anuprANita karma aura usakA phala prANI ko mithyAtva kI preraNA detA hai| moha se mukta hokara jaba jIva zubha-karmoM meM jJAnapUrvaka pravRtta hotA hai, taba ise sva aura para padArthoM kA spaSTa antara pramANita hone lagatA hai| isa lakSya ko lekara prANI jo karma karatA hai usakA pariNAma hotA hai-sukh| sukha se zAzvata sukha kI ora pravRtta hone ke lie jo karma kiyA jAtA hai usakA pariNAma hotA hai-antraatmaa| - antarAtmA jIva tattya kA utkRSTa rUpa hai| isa avasthA meM pahu~ca kara prANI samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI ArAdhanA karatA huA karma karatA hai| darzana zraddhAna ko janma detA hai aura jJAna zakti kA saMcAra karatA hai| jabaki cAritra to darzana aura jJAna kA vaijJAnika prayoga hai| isa triveNI ke tAdAmya se mokSa mArga kA pravartana hotA hai| saMyama aura tapAcaraNa pUrvaka jo sAdhanA sampanna hotI hai vaha prANI ko jAgatika vaibhava se mukta kara AdhyAtmika Aloka se bhara detI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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(13) ... aba jarA vicArie, jIva aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai| kaSAya ke sAtha jIva karma ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, tabhI baMdha kI sthiti banatI hai| yaha jIva anAdi kAla se aSTa karmoM ke baMdhanoM se jakar3A huA hai| isa baMdha-bojha ko mocanA hI vastutaH kahalAtA hai-mokss| karma se niSkarma honA hI usakI muktAvasthA hai| isa prAkRta karma-vidhAna meM koI zakti kabhI parivartana nahIM kara sakatI hai| yadi usameM koI parivartana kara sakatA hai to usa karma kA kartA hI svayaM una karmoM ko na kara apane meM parivartana lA sakatA hai| sat karma saba dharmoM kA sAra hai| vivecya kRti meM vidvAna lekhaka upAcArya zrI devendra muni ne karma kA bar3e vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| kRti meM usakA zraddhA pakSa, usakA jJAna pakSa aura usakA cAritra arthAt vijJAna pakSa isa prakAra vivecita kiyA gayA hai ki karma kA saMsAra ekadama spaSTa aura sugama ho gayA hai| vizva kI jitenI dhArmika mAnyatAe~ haiM una saba meM karma kI carcA kI gaI hai kintu jaina darzana meM karma kI vivecanA jitanI sakSma aura vizada kI gaI hai, utanI anyatra prAyaH durlabha hI hai| manISI cintaka ne bakhUbI karma-kula.kA bArIkI ke sAtha maMthana kiyA hai| lekhaka svayaM zAstrI hai, parantu vivecana meM zAstra kI apekSA vijJAnI-paddhati kA prayoga parilakSita hai| bhASA ke svarUpa aura usake prayoga kA jahAM taka prazna hai lekhaka ne ArSa udAharaNoM ke atirikta jisa bhASA kA prayoga kiyA hai, vaha anubhava kI prayogazAlA se dIkSita hokara niHsata huI hai| usameM nizcitatA hai, prAJjalatA hai, AdhunikatA hai aura sahaja prabhAvAtmakatA hai| . vaijJAnika tarkazIla paddhati kA prayoga kara mahAmanISI lekhaka ne karma siddhAnta kA isa prakAra spaSTa aura subodha zailI meM vivecana kiyA hai ki pAThaka ko pArAyaNI parizrama kie binA tathya aura satya kA subodha sugamatA pUrvaka ho jAtA hai| viSaya upasthApana meM lekhaka kI prajJApaTutA pramANita ho jAtI hai| - itane vizada aura viveka pUrNa karma-kula para likhI gaI prastuta kRti, kadAcita viSA-vAGmaya meM pahala karatI hai| lekhana meM uttama, mudraNa aura prakAzana meM uttama prastata kati vivecya sAmagrI kI bhA~ti pratimAna sthApita karatI hai| darzana aura jJAna ke adhyetAoM ke lie prastuta kRti maulika sAmagrI, maulika vicAraNA ke lie paravasa AkRSTa karatI hai| vizvavidyAlayI pAThyakrama meM sthira karane ke lie vidvAn mekhaka kI virala kRti kisI saMstuti kI AvazyakatA nahIM rakhatI kyoMki vaha karma-viveka kA vizvakoza hai| itanI sundara aura saprAsaMgika saMracanA ke lie vizruta lekhaka, prakAzaka tathA mudraka ko bahuta-bahuta badhAiyA~ / ityalam maMgala kalaza 394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha DaoN. mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA (ema.e., pI-eca.DI., DI.liTa.) For Personal & Private Use Only

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anukrama upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA khaNDa (4) 1. karmavijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya 2. AdhyAtmika kSetra meM : karmavijJAna kI upayogitAM 3. vyAvahArika jIvana meM : karma- siddhAnta kI upayogitA 4. naitikatA ke sandarbha meM : karma siddhAnta kI upayogitA 5. sAmAjika sandarbha meM: upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna nirNaya 6. karma - siddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 7. jaina karmavijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 8. jaina karmavijJAna kI vizeSatA 9. jaina karmavijJAna : jIvanaparivartana kA vijJAna 10. karmavAda-nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 11. karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? pRSTha 1-198 14 For Personal & Private Use Only 3 .22 34 48 69 93 112 126 148 155 179

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karmaphala ke vividha AyAma khaNDa (5) 1. karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 2. karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 3. karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 4. karmaphala vaiyaktika athavA sAmUhika ? 5. kyA karmaphala- bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 6. karmaphala yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 7. karma - mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala 8. vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 9. puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 10. hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM : puNya-pApa ke phala 11. puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 12. karmoM ke vipAka yahA~ bhI. aura Age bhI 13. puNya-pApa ke nimitta se : AtmA kA utthAna-patana pRSTha 199-538 15 For Personal & Private Use Only 201 233 263 281 303 314 343 377 413. 450 468 491 526

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ac0sexda (karma-vijJAna 888 (caturtha khaNDa) THERE For Personal & Private Use Only

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. . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTI ...... . meM upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA 1. karmavijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya nirNaya 2. AdhyAtmika kSetra meM : karmavijJAna kI upayogitA 3. vyAvahArika jIvana meM : karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 4. naitikatA ke sandarbha meM : karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 5. sAmAjika sandarbha meM : upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 6. karma-siddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 7. jaina karmavijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 8. jaina karmavijJAna kI vizeSatA 9. jaina karmavijJAna : jIvana-parivartana kA vijJAna 10. karmavAda-nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda? 11. karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya ) Astika ke lie vastu ke astittva ke sAtha vastutva evaM mUlya nirNaya bhI Avazyaka jainadarzana astivAdI hai, Astika hai| vaha vizva ke sabhI padArthoM kA astitva mAnatA hai| jo vastu vAstava meM hai, usake lie inkAra karanA jainadarzana ko kathamapi abhISTa nahIM hai| parantu itanA kahane mAtra se athavA itanA prarUpaNa kara dene mAtra se Astikya siddha nahIM ho jaataa| AstikatA ke lie padArtha ke astitva ke sAtha-sAtha usakA vastutva (vastusvarUpa) batAnA bhI anivArya hai aura yathArtha mUlyAMkana athavA heya-jJeya-upAdeya kI dRSTi se usakA yathArtha guNanirNaya karanA bhI anivArya hai|' tIrthaMkaroM ne vastu ke vastutva evaM guNadharmatva kA prarUpaNa kiyA kisI vastu kA astitva to svayaMjAta hotA hai, use koI asvIkAra kare, usakA koI artha nhiiN| astitva kI dRSTi se to sabhI padArtha samAna haiN| jainadarzana ke AdyaprarUpaka sarvajJa sarvahitaiSI tIrthaMkaroM ne vizva ke sabhI padArthoM ko chaha bhAgoM meM vargIkRta karake kahA ki yaha vizva SaDdravyAtmaka' hai| yoM to ina chaha bhAgoM ko saMkSepa meM kahanA cAheM to jIva aura ajIva ina do tattvoM meM sAre vizva ko samAviSTa kara sakate haiN| ___ astitva kI dRSTi se jIva aura ajIvare donoM samAna haiN| dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura pudgalAstikAya, ye pAMcoM astikAya astitva kI dRSTi se samAna haiM, kintu tIrthakaroM ne inake pRthak-pRthak vastutva tathA guNadharmatva (upayogitA) kA kathana kiyA hai| tattvajJa puruSoM kA kArya kevala astitva kA nirNaya yA vicAra karanA hI nahIM, kinta una-una tattvoM ke vastutva (yathArtha svarUpa) kA nizcaya karanA aura unake guNadharma, upayogitva yA mUlya kA nirdhAraNa karanA bhI hai| 1. jainatattva kalikA (AcArya AtmArAma jI) pR.203 2. dhammo adhammo AgAsaM kAlo puggala jNtvo| ___esa logotti pannatto, jiNehiM vrdNsihiN| 3. "jIvA ceva ajIvA ya, esa loe viyaahie| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 28/7 -uttarA.36/2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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4 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jaise- samasta prakAra ke dUdha kA astitva svataHsiddha hai| Aka kA dUdha, gAya kA dUdha bhaiMsa kA dUdha evaM bakarI, U~TanI, bher3a Adi ke dUdha kA astitva to saMsAra meM prasiddha hai| parantu usa-usa dUdha ke pRthak-pRthaka vastutva kA nirNaya karanA tathA usa-usa dUdha ke guNa-avaguNa kA, lAbha-hAni kA, heya-upAdeya kA tathA kauna-sA dUdha kisa vyakti ke lie kahA~, kisa samaya, kisa paristhiti meM, kitanI mAtrA meM, kitanA upayogI yA anupayogI hai ? isa prakAra kA mUlya-nirNaya karanA bhI Astika tattvajJoM kA karttavya hai| isa khaNDa meM karmasiddhAnta kA mUlya-nirNaya jaina karmavijJAna ke anusAra pichale khaNDoM meM hama karma ke astitva aura vastutva (svarUpa) ko siddha kara cuke haiN| aba isa khaNDa meM hama karma-vijJAna kA mUlya-nirNaya karanA cAhate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM hama karma kI heyatA, jJeyatA aura upAdeyatA athavA upayogitA aura anupayogitA kA cintana prastuta karanA cAhate haiN| arthAt-kauna sA karma, kahA~, kitanI mAtrA meM, kisa samaya, kitanA aura kaise upayogI hai, athavA anupayogI haiM, yA heya hai, jJeya hai yA upAdeya hai? karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se kauna sA karma gAr3habandha vAlA yA zithilabaMdha vAlA athavA alpasthiti vAlA, dIrghasthiti vAlA, kisa-kisa kAraNa se, kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa prakAra karma kA mUlya-nirNaya tIrthaMkaroM aura jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai| samagra gaNadharavAda meM karma ke astitva, vastutva evaM vizeSatva kA nirNaya kisI bhI vastu ke astitva kA nirNaya to svataHsiddha hotA hai, phira bhI sabhI Astika darzanoM ne karma kA yA karmasiddhAnta kA astitva eka yA dUsare prakAra se mAnA hai aura siddha bhI kiyA hai| parantu usakA mUlya-nirNaya jaina karmavijJAna se sambandhita zAstroM aura granthoM meM yatra-tatra milatA hai| sArA gaNadharavAda karmoM ke astitva, vastu tathA mUlyanirNaya se sambandhita hai| prathama gaNadhara indrabhUti ne karma ke bandhakartA jIva (AtmA) ke viSaya meM prazna upasthita kiyA hai| jisakA samAdhAna bhagavAn mahAvIra ne vividha yuktiyoM evaM pramANoM se kiyA hai| dvitIya gaNadhara ne to karma ke astittva ke sambandha meM hI prazna uThAyA hai, jisakA samAdhAna bhagavAna ne karma ke astitva ko siddha karane ke atirikta karma adRSTa, mUrta, pariNAmI aura vicitra hai, anAdi kAla se sambaddha hai, ityAdi rUpa se karma kA vastutva evaM mUlya-nirNaya bhI siddha kara diyA hai| cauthe gaNadhara ke sAtha zUnyavAda yA caturbhUtavAda se sambandhita carcA ke daurAna bhI AnuSaMgika rUpa meM karma ke astitva evaM vastutva kI carcA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 5 paMcama gaNadhara zrI sudharmAsvAmI ke sAtha saMvAda meM bhagavAna ne loka-paraloka ke sAdRzya-vaisAdRzya kI carcA karate hue batAyA hai ki loka aura paraloka ke mUla meM karma kI sattA hai, yaha saMsAra karma mUlaka hai| chaThe gaNadhara ke sAtha unakI carcA kA viSaya karmoM ke bandha aura karmoM se mukti hai| sAtha hI 'jIva pahale hai yA karma?' isakA bhI samIcIna samAdhAna diyA hai| isI prakAra sAtaveM aura AThaveM gaNadhara ke sAtha hue saMvAda meM devoM aura nArakoM ke astitva kI carcA hai, jo ki zubha-azubha karmoM ke phala se sambandhita hai|' nauMveM gaNadhara ko bhagavAna ne puNya-pApa (zubhAzubhakarma) ke astitva ke sAtha-sAtha karma ke saMkramaNa kA niyama, karma-grahaNa kI prakriyA, karma kA zubhAzubharUpa meM pariNamana, karma ke bheda-prabheda Adi aneka bAteM samajhAIM haiN| dasaveM gaNadhara ko paraloka kA astitva samajhAte hue yaha tathya ujAgara kiyA hai ki paraloka karmAdhIna hai| antima gaNadhara ke sAtha huI nirvANa (mokSa) sambandhI carcA meM bhI yaha tathya pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki anAdi karma-saMyoga kA naSTa ho jAnA hI nirvANa hai| yo samagra gaNadharavAda meM karma ke astitva, vastutva evaM mUlya-nirNaya kI paryApta carcA karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne karmavijJAna kI mahattA evaM vizeSatA kA pratipAdana eka yA dUsare prakAra se kara diyA hai| vastu kA mUlya-nirdhAraNa cetanA ke adhIna yaha to nirvivAda hai ki karma ke yA kisI bhI vastu ke vastutva kA yA usake yathArtha svarUpa kA tathA usake guNa-avaguNa athavA mUlya-avamUlya kA nirdhAraNa to cetanA ke adhIna hai| cetanA se sambaddha hue binA kisI bhI vastu kA mUlya-nirdhAraNa yA usakI vizeSatA aura mahattA kA Akalana nahIM ho sktaa| khAdya vastu ke khaTTe, mIThe, gharapare * Adi svAda kA nirNaya jIva (AtmA) ke upakaraNarUpa jihvendriya ke sAtha saMyoga hone para - hI ho sakatA hai| indriyoM ke mAdhyama se mUlya-nirdhAraNa pUrNataH yathArtha nahIM yadyapi pratyeka vastu kA mUlya-nirNaya cetanA se sambaddha hone para hI hotA hai; kintu indriyoM ke mAdhyama se vastu kA jo nirdhAraNa cetanA (AtmA) karatI hai, vaha bahudhA pUrNarUpa 1. dekheM, gaNadharavAda (paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA) kI prastAvanA, pR.118 2. dekheM, jainatattvakalikA meM isa Azaya kA mantavya pR. 303 For Personal & Private Use Only

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6 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) se yathArtha nahIM hotA; kyoMki vaha nayoM, pramANoM, nikSepoM tathA sApekSavAda kI kasauTI para kasA huA nahIM hotaa| isalie indriyoM dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA vastu kA mUlyAMkana samagrarUpa se prAmANika nahIM mAnA jAtA; kyoMki prathama to indriyA~ mana kA anusaraNa karatI huI viSaya kA grahaNa - nirdhAraNa karatI hai, isalie indriyoM kA bodha pUrNataH yathArtha honA sambhava nhiiN| phira atIndriya vastuoM ke sambandha meM indriyA~ sAkSAt bodha kara hI nahIM kIM, mana ke dvArA anumAnAdi parokSa pramANoM se hI vastu kA parokSarUpa se bodha ho sakatA hai| sarvajJa AptapuruSoM dvArA nau tatvoM ke mAdhyama se yathAvasthita mUlya-nirNaya ataH karma jaise atIndriya athavA yoM kaheM ki catuHsparzI pudgala rUpa padArtha hote hue bhI sAdhAraNa AtmAoM kI indriyoM dvArA yathArtha rUpa se agocara vastu kA vAstavika mUlya-nirdhAraNa yA guNAvaguNa- vizeSatA kA Akalana atIndriya jJAnI (sarvajJa) hI kara sakate haiN| sAdhAraNa yA alpajJa AtmAoM dvArA jo padArtha pratyakSa nahIM jAnA jAtA, usake astitva, vastutva evaM guNAvaguNatva kA antima nirNaya to viziSTa pratyakSajJAniyoM (sarvajJoM) yA zrutakevaliyoM dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai| unake dvArA pratipAdita evaM prarUpita dharma, karma Adi ke tathyoM tathA jIva Adi tattvoM ko unakA anugAmI sAdhuvarga yA gRhasthavarga zraddhA, pratIti aura rucipUrvaka jAnatA mAnatA hai aura tadanusAra unake astitva, vastutva evaM mUlya kA nizcaya karatA hai / / ataH vItarAga sarvajJa AptapuruSoM, zrutakevaliyoM, vibhinna AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM evaM viziSTa zrutadhara sAdhakoM dvArA isI prakAra karmasiddhAnta kA mUlyAMkana jIva Adi nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se kiyA gayA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, Amlava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa, ina nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se paramajJAnI AptapuruSoM ne jaina karmavijJAna ke antargata karmasiddhAnta kA yathArtha mUlyAMkana kiyA hai| unhoMne karma kI upAdeyatA - anupAdeyatA, athavA usakI heyatA aura upAdeyatA ko ina nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se pratipAdita karake karmavijJAna kI mahattA aura vizeSatA prakaTa kara dI hai| 1 (ka) dekheM, jainatattvakalikA meM isake sambandha meM mantavya pR. 304 (kha) 'jiNrapaNNattaM tattaM " - Avazyaka sUtra / 2. jIvAjIvA ya baMdho ya, pupaNaM pAvAsavo thaa| saMvaro nijjarA mokkho, saMtee tahiyA nava // For Personal & Private Use Only -uttarAdhyayana, 28/14

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 7 karmoM kA karttA, bhoktA, kSayakarttA jIva hI hai prastuta nau tattvoM meM jIvatattva hI pramukha hai; kyoMki sabhI tattvoM ko jAnane-samajhane vAlA tathA saMsAra aura mokSa kI, yAnI karmoM ke Amrava aura bandha kI, tathA karmoM ke saMvara, nirjarA aura mukti kI pravRtti karane vAlA jIva hI hai| kahA bhI hai- karmoM kA karttA, karmaphala bhoktA, saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karane vAlA aura sadA ke lie karmoM se mukta hone vAlA saMsArI jIva (AtmA) hI hai / ' jIva ke binA ajIva tattva, athavA puNya-pApa Adi tattva sambhava hI nahIM ho skte| ataH sarvaprathama jIvatattva kA nirdeza karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se atyanta Avazyaka hai| jaise ki pahale kahA gAthA, karma ke bandha-mokSa, Anava-saMvara evaM nirjarA kA viveka aura tadanusAra karma ke heyatva, jJeyatva evaM upAdeyatva kA nirNaya jIva hI kara sakatA hai| "karma bhI cetanAkRta hote haiM, acetanAkRta nahIM" yaha Agamavacana hai|' dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki karmavijJAna meM jIvatattva ko lekara karmamarmajJoM dvArA yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki eka jIva kA dUsare jIva yA jIvoM ke sAtha sambandha bandhakAraka bhI ho sakatA hai, abandhakAraka bhii| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi koI vyakti dUsare jIva (mAnava, pazu-pakSI yA anya prANI) ke prati moha, mamatva, Asakti, lAlasA Adi karatA hai, athavA dveSa, IrSyA, pakSapAta, ghRNA, vidroha Adi karatA hai, to usa jIva ke lie vaha bandhakAraka hotA hai| yadi vaha vyakti dUsare kisI jIva se koI rAgAdimaya lagAva nahIM * rakhatA hai athavA vaha unake sAtha rahate hue bhI rAgAdi se nirlipta rahatA hai, to vahA~ abandhakAraka hai| parantu gautama svAmI kI taraha usakA arihanta deva, nirgrantha guru aura saddharma ke prati prazasta rAga (prIti) hai, to vaha prazastarAga zubhakarma kA bandhaka hai| isI prakAra yadi vyakti koI bhI kriyA yA pravRtti sva-parakalyANa kI dRSTi se yatanApUrvaka karatA hai, Atmaupamya bhAva rakhakara lokahitakara kArya karatA hai, to vahA~ chadmastha meM rAgrAMza hone se pApakarma bandhaka na hokara puNya karmabandhaka hotA hai / athavA rAgAMza sarvathA na ho to vahA~ zuddha karma (akarma, abandhaka karma) hotA hai| ataH eka jIva ke dUsare jIva ke sAtha sambandha meM zubha-azubha karma kA bandha bhI jIva hI karatA hai aura vahI akarma kI sthiti ko prApta karatA hai| isalie jIvatattva ko prAthamikatA dI gaI hai| 1. " yaH karttA karmabhedAnAM bhoktA karmaphalasya ca / saMsartA parinirvAtA sa hyAtmA nAnyalakSaNaH // 2. 'jIvANaM ceyakaDA kammA kajjati, no acceyakaDA kammA kajjati / " -bhagavatI sUtra 16 za. u. 2, For Personal & Private Use Only

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8 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jIva ke bAda ajIva tattva kA nirdeza kyoM? isI prakAra ajIva tattva ( samasta jar3a - acetana padArtha ) ke sAtha bhI jIva kA sambandha ho tabhI vaha pUrvokta prakAra se zubhAzubha karma-bandha karatA hai aura vItarAgatA kI sthiti meM zuddha karma, akarma kI sthiti meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| dUsarI bAta, jIva kI gati, sthiti, avagAhanA, vartanA Adi saba ajIva tattva ( acetana) kI sahAyatA ke binA asambhava hai, isalie dUsare krama meM jIva ke bAda ajIva tattva kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| zeSa puNya-pApAdi tattva bhI eka yA dUsare prakAra se karma se sambaddha isake pazcAt puNya aura pApa ye do tattva batAe gae haiN| ye bhI zubhAzubha karma-bandha ke pratIka haiN| puNya aura pApa jIva ke sAMsArika sukha aura duHkha ke kAraNabhUta haiN| ye donoM ajIva ke eka vibhAga- pudgala (kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgala ) ke vikAra haiN| ataH tIsarA aura cauthA karmamUlaka tattva puNya aura pApa haiN| pA~cavA~ Anava tattva hai| isake dvArA sarvajJa prabhu ne batAyA hai ki Amrava ke binA arthAt karmoM ke Agamana ke binA puNya aura pApa nahIM ho skte| isIlie tattvArtha sUtra meM zubha Amrava ko puNyabandha kA aura azubha Anava ko pApa bandha kA kAraNa btaayaa| isake pazcAt chaThA saMvara tattva hai| jo Anava kA pratirodhI hai, karmoM ke AgamanadvAroM ko rokatA hai| yaha naye karmoM ko' AtmA meM praviSTa nahIM hone detaa| Amrava nirodha AtmavikAsa meM sahAyaka hai| ahiMsAdi paMca mahAvrata yA aNuvrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, parISahavijaya, kaSAyavijaya, indriya-nigraha Adi saMvara ke prakAra haiN| saMvara ke bAda nirjarA nAmaka tattva hai, jo pUrvabaddha prAcIna karmoM kA AMzika rUpa se kSaya karane hetu pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| nirjarA kA pratipakSI AThavA~ bandha tattva hai| jisa prakAra pUrvabaddha prAcIna karma nirjarA se jhar3a jAte haiN| usI prakAra naye-naye karmoM kA bandha bhI sAMsArika jIva ke dvArA rAga-dveSa, moha, kaSAya Adi ke kAraNa hotA rahatA hai| ataH karmabandhana se sAvadhAna rahane hetu vItarAga Apta puruSoM ne AThavA~ bandhatattva btaayaa| isameM bandhakarttA, bandhayogya karma, bandha ke kAraNa aura bandha ke prakAra Adi sabhI samAviSTa haiN| isake pazcAta nauvA~ aura antima tattva mokSa batAyA gayA hai| jisakA svarUpa haisarvakarmoM kA sarvathA kSaya ho jAnA - karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho jaanaa| jisa prakAra karmoM se 1. dekheM, jainatattvakalikA (AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI ma. ) meM likhita mantavya pR. 78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 9 jIva kA sambandha hotA hai, usI prakAra unase eka dina bilakula chuTakArA bhI ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra karmavijJAna ne nau hI tattvoM kA svarUpa batAkara prakArAntara se unakI heyatA, jJeyatA, upAdeyatA bhI dhvanita kara dI hai| karmavijJAna kA nau tattvoM ke nirdeza kA uddezya isameM prathama tattva jIva hai, aura antima tattva hai mokss| isakA Azaya bhI yahI hai ki jIva hI karmoM kA kartA, dhartA, phalabhoktA, karmanirodhakartA, karmakSayakartA aura karmabhoktA hai| karmavijJAna kA uddezya bhI yahA~ parilakSita hotA hai ki jIva apane antima lakSya-mokSa ko prApta kara sake, isIlie bIca ke tattvoM kA mokSa-prApti meM sAdhaka-bAdhaka ke rUpa meM nirdeza kiyA hai| karma kI apekSA se nau tattvoM meM kauna heya, jJeya, upAdeya ? niSkarSa yaha hai ki vItarAga sarvajJa-deva ne unhIM padArthoM ko karmavijJAna ke sandarbha meM tattvabhUta batAyA hai, jo mumukSu AtmA ke lie heya, jJeya aura upAdeya haiN| mumukSu AtmA ina jinopadiSTa nI tattvoM meM se jo padArtha jaisA bhI heya, jJeya aura upAdeya batAyA gayA hai; unameM se heya ko heyarUpa meM, upAdeya ko upAdeyarUpa meM aura jJeya ko jJeyarUpa meM jo jAnatA hai vahI samyakdRSTi hai, vahI zrAvaka aura sAdhu bana sakatA hai| zramaNopAsaka kI arhatA ke lie zAstroM meM batAyA hai ki vaha jIva-ajIva, Asava-saMvara, bandha-mokSa, nirjarA tathA puNya-pApa Adi tattvoM ke rahasya kA jJAtA evaM nipuNa honA caahie| ina nau tattvoM meM se jIva aura ajIva jJeya haiN| pApa, Asrava aura bandha heya haiM, tathA saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina tInoM tattvoM ko upAdeya batAyA hai| puNya ko kathaJcit heya aura kathaJcit upAdeya batAyA hai| * ina nau tattvoM meM jIva tattva (AtmA) sabase pramukha tattva hai| vahI zeSa tattvoM kA kendra hai| zeSa padArtha isI jIva tattva (AtmA) ke vikAsa-hAsa, zuddhi-azuddhi yA vikRtiavikRti meM nimitta kAraNa haiN| karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se nau tattvoM meM jJeya, heya aura upAdeya tattva jainakarmavijJAna kI dRSTi se nau tattvoM meM samyagdRSTi mAnava ke lie jJeya, heya aura upAdeya kA vizleSaNa karate hue jainAcAryoM ne kahA-nau tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva, ye 1. dekheM, jainatattvakalikA (AcArya AtmArAma jI) se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.72-73,79 2. "suttatyaMjiNabhaNiyaM jIvAjIvAdi bahuvihaM atyN| heyAheyaM ca tahA, jo jANaI, so hu suddivii|| -sUtraprAbhRta gA.5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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10 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) donoM tattva jJeya haiN| inameM samasta loka, vizva yA jagata ke astitva, vastutva aura guNadharmatva (mUlya-nirNayatva) ke jJAna kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| pApa, Asrava aura bandha; ye tInoM heya tattva haiN| manuSya ko kyA chor3anA aura kyA nahIM karanA cAhie? yaha ina tIna tattvoM se jAnA jA sakatA hai| saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa, ye tInoM tattva upAdeya haiN| inase yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki manuSya ko kyA grahaNa karanA cAhie tathA kauna sA kArya karanA cAhie? puNya tattva vaise to sone kI ber3I ke samAna bandhakAraka hone se nizcayadRSTi se heya hai, kintu vyavahAradRSTi se AtmaguNoM ke vikAsa kI sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hone se kathaJcit upAdeya samajhanA caahie|' karmaduHkha se sambandhita adhyAtmajijJAsu dvArA uThane vAle nau praznoM kA nau tattvoM ke rUpa meM samAdhAna ___ karmaduHkha ko miTAnA pratyeka mumukSu athavA AdhyAtmika jijJAsu kA kartavya hai| karmoM ke kAraNa hI janma, jarA, mRtyu, roga Adi duHkha utpanna hote haiN| isalie tIrthakaramaharSiyoM ne karmarUpI duHkhoM se AkrAnta mumukSu ke mana meM svAbhAvika rUpa se uThane vAle nau praznoM ke uttara ke rUpa meM ina tattvabhUta nau padArthoM ko karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se prastuta kiyA hai aura inakA jJAna tathA inake prati samyak zraddhAna Avazyaka batAyA hai| sarvaprathama adhyAtma-jijJAsu ke mana meM yaha prazna uThatA hai-"mere Asa-pAsa yaha jo phailA huA saMsAra dikhAI detA hai| jisameM janma, jarA, maraNa, roga Adi nAnA duHkha vyApta haiM, jinakeM mUla kAraNa karma haiM, vaha vAstava meM kyA hai ? unake mUlabhUta kAraNa kauna-kauna se hai? isake uttara meM una AptapuruSoM ne jIva aura ajIva, ina do tattvoM ko prastuta kiyaa| sukha aura duHkha ke anubhava karane (bhogane) ke kAraNa kyA-kyA hai ? isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke rUpa meM unhoMne puNya aura pApa nAmaka do tattva prastuta kiye| manuSyoM dvArA kI jAne vAlI satpravRttiyoM kA uddezya duHkha-nivRtti athavA duHkhavighAta (duHkhanAza) aura Atyantika sukha prApti hai| isa apekSA se phira prazna uThA-'kyA janma-maraNAdi duHkhoM se yA karmoM ke kAraNa prApta ina duHkhoM se sarvathA mukti mila sakatI hai?' isake samAdhAna ke lie unhoMne 'mokSa' nAmaka tattva prastuta kiyA, jisase samasta duHkhoM se sarvathA nivRtti yA mukti tathA ananta Atmika sukhoM kI prapti ho sakatI hai| 1. dekheM, jaina tattvakalikA (AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI) se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.80 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya tatpazcAt yaha prazna uThanA svAbhAvika thA ki 'yadi samasta duHkhoM se sarvathA mukti prApta ho sakatI hai to usake kyA-kyA upAya haiM ? isa prazna kA vistRta samAdhAna dene ke lie unhoMne uThane vAle do niSedhAtmaka aura do vidheyAtmaka prazna tathA unake kramazaH cAra uttara prastuta kiye haiN| jaise (1-2) naye duHkhoM ke Ane ke kAraNa aura unheM rokane ke upAya kyA haiM? tathA (3-4) purAne duHkhoM ke kyA kAraNa haiM? aura unheM naSTa karane ke kyA upAya haiM? ina cAroM praznoM ke uttara meM vItarAga maharSiyoM ne kramazaH Asrava aura saMvara, tathA bandha aura nirjarA, ye cAra tattva prastuta kiye haiN| 2 isa prakAra karma-vijJAna ke sandarbha meM Apta sarvajJa manISiyoM ne ina nau tattvoM ko prastuta karake karmavijJAna kI upayogitA aura vizeSatA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| lokottara rogI ke lie sAta tathya jAnanA-mAnanA Avazyaka karma-vijJAnamarmajJa karmaroga se sarvathA mukti evaM pUrNa svasthatA prApta karane ke sAdhaka-bAdhaka nau yA saMkSepa meM sAta tattvoM kA ullekha karate haiN| karmamukti ke sAdhaka ko ina sAta (yA puNya-pApa ko lekara nau) tattvoM ko samyak prakAra se jAnanA, mAnanA aura zraddhA karanA Avazyaka hai| eka laukika rogI ko roga se sarvathA mukta hone ke lie nimnokta sAta tathyoM ko jAnakara una para zraddhA karanA Avazyaka hotA hai - ( 9 ) nIroga - svastha rahanA merA mUla svabhAva hai| (2) kintu vartamAna meM mere svabhAva evaM svAsthya ke viruddha kauna sA roga A gayA hai ? (3) isa roga kA kAraNa kyA hai ? (4) isa roga kA nidAna tathA (5) isa roga ko rokane kA upAya apathya sevana kA niSedha, evaM (6) purAne roga ke samUla nAza ke lie upAya auSadha-sevana tathA (7) nIrogI avasthA kA svarUpa kyA hai ? 11 jisa prakAra laukika roga se mukta hone ke lie tathA pUrNa nIroga avasthA prApta karane meM saphalatA ke lie pUrvokta sAta tathyoM ko jAnanA, mAnanA aura zraddhA karanA Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke anantasukharUpa kArya yA ananta jJAna-darzana-zakti `Adi rUpa pUrNa svarUpadazA, svasthadazA prApta karane jaise lokottara kArya meM saphalatA ke lie arthAt bhavabhramaNa karAne vAle karmaroga se sarvathA mukta hone ke lie nimnokta sAta tathyoM ko jAnanA, mAnanA aura una para zraddhA karanA anivArya hai| (1) maiM, jise pUrNa Atmika sukha evaM svAsthya cAhie vaha (jIva ) kyA hai ? (2) samparka meM Ane vAlA vijAtIya padArtha (ajIva ) kyA hai ? (3) duHkha aura azAnti ke Agamana (karma Anava) ke kAraNa, (4) duHkha aura azAnti kA rUpa (karmabandha) kyA hai ? 1. dekheM jainatattvakalikA meM prastuta mantavya pR. 77-78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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12 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) (5) naye Ane vAle duHkhoM ko rokane (karma-saMvara) kA upAya, (6) pUrva-duHkhoM ko naSTa karane kA upAya (karma-nirjarA) tathA (7) anantasukhamaya Atma-svasthadazA kA svarUpa (mokSa) kyA hai ? jaina karmavijJAna dvArA prarUpita cAra tattva anya tIna darzanoM meM bhI . ___ isa prakAra karmavijJAna kevala duHkha yA roga kA nAmollekha karake hI nahIM raha jAtA, vaha isase Age bar3hakara una duHkhoM ke Ane aura duHkha-phala pAne ke kAraNa batAkara Ane vAle duHkhoM ko rokane, atIta duHkhoM ko naSTa karane tathA duHkhoM ke Atyantika rUpa se anta karane kA upAya bhI batAtA hai| bhAratIya darzanoM meM tIna hI darzana aise haiM, jo jainadarzana prarUpita bandha, Amnava, mokSa aura nirjarA tattva ke samakakSa prakArAntara se cAra tattvoM kA nirUpaNa karate haiN| unameM eka hai-yogadarzana, jo ina cAra tattvoM ko kramazaH heya (anAgata duHkha) heyahetu (duHkha kA kAraNa) hAna (mokSa tattva) aura hAnopAya (mokSa karmakSaya kA kAraNa) ke nAma se nirUpita karatA hai| dUsarA hai bauddhadarzana jisane pUrvokta cAra tattvoM kA duHkha, samudaya, nirodha aura mArga, ina cAra Arya satyoM ke rUpa meM prarUpaNa kiyA hai| sirpha jJAna se hI mukti dilAne vAle darzana ina tIna darzanoM ke atirikta sAMkhya, vedAnta, naiyAyika aura vaizeSika jJeyapradhAna haiN| inhoMne apane-apane mAnya tatvoM ke sirpha jJAna se (jAnakArI kara lene mAtrA se) hI mukti (karma, saMsAra yA vAsanA Adi se chuTakArA) kI prarUpaNA kI hai| ___sAMkhyadarzana ne to spaSTa kahA hai-vyakti jisa kisI Azrama meM ho, jaTAdhArI ho, muNDita ho yA zikhAdhArI ho, agara vaha (sAMkhyadarzanamAnya) paccIsa tattvoM kA jJAtA hai, to niHsandeha mukta ho jAtA hai| vedAnta darzana kahatA hai-jJAna ke binA mukti nahIM hotii| naiyAyika aura vaizeSika bhI apane-apane darzana dvArA manonIta tattvoM yA guNoM kA jJAna kara lene se mokSa-prAptimAnate 1. jainatattvakalikA (AcArya AtmArAmajI ma.) se sAbhAra uddhRta, pR.77 2. satyAnyuktAni catvAri duHkhaM smudystthaa| nirodho mArga eteSAM yathAbhisamayaM kramaH // -abhidhammattha koza 6/2 3. dekheM-jainatattvakalikA meM prakAzita mantavya pR.79 4. dekheM (ka) jJAnAgniH sarvakarmANi bhasmasAt kurute tthaa| -bhagavadgItA a. 4 zlo. 37 (kha) paMcaviMzati-tattvajJo yatra kutrAzrame rataH / jaTI muNDI zikhI vA'pi mucyate nA'tra saMzayaH // -sAMkhyadarzana (ga) 'Rte jJAnAnna muktiH' -vedAntadarzana For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-niNaya 13 kore jJAna yA korI kriyA se karma-mukti nahIM ho sakatI ___ kintu eka bAta nizcita hai ki jagat ke mUlabhUta tattvoM ke jAnane mAtra se mukti nahIM milatI, AtmA aura karmoM ke sambandha se karmavijJAna dvArA jina sAta yA nau tattvoM kI prArUpaNA kI gaI hai, unake prati, tathA unake sAkSAt upadeSTA deva (tIrthaMkara deva) guru, dharma aura zAstra ke prati zraddhA bhI honI cAhie tathA karmoM ke Anava aura bandha ko jAnakara unase mukti ke lie karmavijJAna dvArA batAye anusAra saMvara aura nirjarArUpa yA samyagdarzanajJAna-cAritrarUpa dharma kA AcaraNa bhI karanA Avazyaka hai| arthAt samyak jJAna ke sAtha samyakzraddhAna aura samyakzraddhAna ke sAtha samyakAcaraNa (kriyA) karanA bhI-karmamukti ke lie Avazyaka hai| ___ jaina-karmavijJAna kA yaha spaSTa mantavya hai ki kevala kriyA karane se yAnI japa, tapa, vrata, niyama Adi kA anuSThAna karane mAtra se karmoM se chuTakArA nahIM mila sktaa| yadi tapa, vrata, niyama yA dharmakriyA ke sAtha ahaMkAra hai. IrSyA hai, pratispardhA hai, bhaya hai, pralobhana hai, svargAdi yA ihalaukika sukhAdi kI vAJchA hai to unase karmoM kA kSaya hone ke bajAya aura adhika karmabandhana hotA jaaegaa| ataH karmavijJAna kA sandeza hai ki jagat ke pUrvokta mUlabhUta tattvoM kA samyakjJAna aura una para yA unake upadeSTAoM para zraddhAna karanA bhI Avazyaka hai| aisA karane se hI vyakti ke sAtha janma-janmAntara se lage hue karmoM ke roga se chuTakArA ho sakatA hai| bhavabhramaNaroga-mukti ke lie bhI jJAna-darzana-kriyA, tInoM Avazyaka jainadArzanikoM ne rogI kA dRSTAnta dekara isa tathya ko bhalI bhAMti samajhAyA hai| eka rogI hai, vaha yaha jAnatA hai ki mujhe kauna-sA roga lagA hai aura kina upAyoM se miTa sakatA hai ? parantu roga miTAne ke lie vaha koI upAya yA upacAra nahIM karatA hai, to bhalA usakA roga kaise miTa jAegA? isI prakAra eka anya rogI hai, use roga lagA hai, isalie vaha aneka prakAra ke upacAra to roga-nivAraNa ke lie aharniza karatA rahatA hai, lekina vaha yaha jAnane kA jarA bhI prayatna nahIM karatA ki use kauna-sA roga lagA hai ? usa roga ke kyA-kyA lakSaNa haiM ? davA lene aura upacAra karane para bhI yaha roga kyoM bar3hatA jAtA hai ? vaidyoM dvArA nirdiSTa kina upAyoM yA upacAroM se vaha roga miTa sakatA hai ? ina aura aisI hI bAtoM kI Avazyaka jAnakArI ke binA aMdhAdhuMdha yA UTapaTAMga upacAra karane mAtra se yA davA lete rahane se bhI aisI rogI kA roga kaise miTa sakegA?' tattvoM para AtmAnubhavAtmaka samyaktvamUlaka zraddhA se hI karmamukti eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki pUrvokta jinopadiSTa tattvabhUta nau padArthoM ko koI prakharabuddhi 1. dekheM-jainatattvakalikA (AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI ma.) kA mantavya, pR. 80 For Personal & Private Use Only

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14 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kA vyakti zAstra yA grantha par3ha-sunakara yA raTa-raTAkara jAna le, yAda kara le, ina tattvoM ke bheda-prabheda, svarUpa, lakSaNa, artha evaM paribhASAe~ Adi ghoTakara kaNThastha bhI kara le, ina tattvoM kI vaha lambI-caur3I vyAkhyA bhI kara de, paramparAgata saMskAroM ke kAraNa ina tattvoM kA svarUpa dUsaroM ko samajhA bhI de; parantu jaba taka ina tattvabhUta padArthoM para usakI dRSTi, mati, zraddhA yA ruci AtmalakSyI nahIM ho, athavA AtmAnubhUti se anuprANita na ho athavA jaba taka vaha una tattvabhUta padArthoM ke yathArtha svarUpa, unake apane-apane svabhAva tathA unakI heyatA-upAdeyatA-jJeyatA ko gaharAI se bhalI-bhAMti samajhakara hRdayaMgama na kara le, athavA unameM se mukhya jIva tattva (AtmA) ko kendra mAnakara zeSa sabhI tattvoM ko Atmika vikAsa-hAsa kI dRSTi se jAMca-parakhakara unake prati apanI dRSTi spaSTa na kara le, taba taka usakI vaha zraddhA saccI zraddhA nahIM mAnI jA sktii| phalataH samyakzraddhA ke abhAva meM usakA jJAna bhI totAraTana jaisA hI hogaa| ataH karma-vijJAna karmaroga se mukta hone ke lie pUrvokta nau tattvoM ke prati jJAnapUrvaka dRr3hazraddhA aura tadanusAra yathAyogya AcaraNa karane kI bAta kahatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jaina karmavijJAna kA yaha spaSTa mantavya hai ki jaba taka ina tattvabhUta padArthoM meM se heya-jJeya-upAdeya kA viveka karake heya ke tyAga aura upAdeya ko grahaNa karane kI buddhi evaM dRSTi na ho tathA kaSAya-mandatA (prazama), viSayoM yA saMsAra ke prati virakti (nirveda), mokSa (karmamukti) ke prati tIvra utsukatA (saMvega), prANimAtra ko Atmavat samajhakara unake prati anukampA aura AtmA-paramAtmA, loka-paraloka, karma tathA dharmAcaraNa ke prati dRr3ha AsthA na ho, taba taka vaha zraddhA zabdAtmaka hI mAnI jAegI, AtmAnubhavAtmaka nhiiN| AtmAnubhavAtmaka zraddhA samyagjJAna-pUrvaka yathokta AcaraNa ke sahita hI sakriya zraddhArUpa hotI hai| ataH karmavijJAna ke sandezAnusAra mumukSu ke antaHkaraNa meM ajIva, Asrava aura bandha meM AkulatA tathA jIva, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa meM, anAkulatA (anudvignatA zAnti) dekhane kI vRtti hogI tabhI tattvabhUta padArthoM para usakI zraddhA AtmAnubhavAtmaka tathA samyaktva-mUlaka mAnI jaaegii| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki ina pUrvokta nau tattvoM (tathyabhUta padArthoM bhAvoM) ke sadbhAva (astitva yA svabhAva) ke sambandha meM jinendra prabhu dvArA kiye gaye upadeza ( prarUpaNa) meM jo bhAvapUrvaka (antaHkaraNa se) zraddhA hotI hai, use hI samyaktva (satyazraddhA) kahA gayA hai| 1. "tahiyANaM tubhAvANaM, saDabhAve uvesnnN| bhAveNa saddahaMtassa sammattaM taM viyaahiyN||" - uttarAdhyayana 28/15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 15 karmasiddhAnta kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya ke lie jJAnAdi tripuTI jarUrI jaise roga se mukta hone ke lie roga kA nidAna arthAt usake svarUpa yA lakSaNoM kA jJAna, roga-nivAraNa ke upAyoM kA jJAna tathA tadanusAra cikitsA yA upacAra karanA, ye tInoM Avazyaka haiM, vaise hI bhavabhramaNa ke kAraNarUpa karmoM ke roga se mukti ke lie karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se vItarAga, sarvajJa, Apta-puruSoM dvArA nirdiSTa nau tattvoM meM jJeya, heya aura upAdeya ina tInoM prakAra kA jJAna, darzana (zraddhA) aura grahaNa karane-chor3ane kI yathAyogya kriyA, ye tInoM Avazyaka haiN| isa prakAra vItarAga Apta-puruSoM ne karmasiddhAnta kA mUlya nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se karmoM se sambaddha heyatA, jJeyatA aura upayogitA batAkara kara diyA hai|' mUlya-nirNaya vyakti kI dRSTi, zraddhA, ruci evaM buddhi para nirbhara parantu sAmAnya vyakti yA sva-parahita se anabhijJa tathA tattva-grahaNa aura tattva-dhAraNA ke prati arucivAlA vyakti karmasiddhAnta kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya kaise kara sakatA hai ? kisI bhI vastu kA mUlya nirNaya vyakti kI dRSTi, zraddhA, ruci evaM buddhi para nirbhara hai| yadi vyakti kI dRSTi, zraddhA, ruci evaM buddhi asamyak yA viparIta hotI hai, to vaha sarvajJokta tattva, vastu yA siddhAnta kA nirNaya yA zraddhAna bhI ulaTe rUpa meM karatA samyagjJAniyoM kI dRSTi meM samyak samajhI jAne vAlI vastu ko yA tattva athavA siddhAnta ko bhI viparIta rUpa se grahaNa karatA hai, jAnatA-mAnatA hai, to vaha ukta vastu kA mUlya-nirNaya ayathArtharUpa se viparIta rUpa se hI karatA hai| udAharaNArtha-AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai- "isa vizva meM katipaya tathAkathita zramaNa aura mAhana, isa prakAra ke bhinna (viparIta) vAda kA nirUpaNa karate haiM ki hamane dekhA hai, sunA hai, manana kiyA hai, tathA bhalIbhAMti jAna liyA hai, aura loka meM Urdhva-dizA, adhodizA aura tiryakadizA meM sarvatobhAvena acchI taraha pratilekhana (nirIkSaNa, paryavekSaNa yA sarvekSaNa) kara liyA hai ki sabhI prANa, sabhI bhUta, sabhI jIva aura sabhI sattva hantavya (mAra DAlane yogya) haiM, una para zAsana karanA (hukUmata karake jabarana AjJA meM calAnA) caahie| unheM gulAmoM yA dAsa-dAsI ke rUpa meM apane adhIna rakhane caahie| unheM imandir.orita 1. jainatattvakalikA pR. 80 2. "asamiyaMti mannamANassa samiyA vA asamiyA vA asamiyA hoi uvehaae|" -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 5 u. 5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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16 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) saMtapta karanA, pIr3ita karanA cAhie, unheM DarAnA, dhamakAnA aura upadravita karanA caahie| yaha jAna lo, isameM koI doSa nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke vacana (mithyAdRSTi ke) anAryoM ke haiN|'' isa prakAra ghora karmabandhana kI kAraNabhUta jIvahiMsA kA mUlya-nirNaya mithyAdRSTi, mithyAmati loga viparIta rUpa meM karate haiN| Aja bhI AtaMka-vAdiyoM dvArA isI prakAra kA mithyA mUlya-nirNaya hama dekha rahe haiN| mithyA dhAraNAoM ke zikAra galata mUlya-nirNaya karate haiM isI prakAra corI, chInA-jhapaTI, lUTa-pATa, DakaitI, hatyA, AtaMka, upadrava Adi karane vAle loga bhI mithyA dhAraNA ke zikAra hokara hiMsAjanita pApakarma ke viSaya meM galata mUlya-nirNaya kara lete haiN| unake lie AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- "jo isa nAzavAn jIvana meM pramAdI hotA hai| phalataH vaha hatyArA (ghAtaka), chedaka, bhedaka, luTerA, chInA-jhapaTI yA apaharaNa karane vAlA, upadravI (AtaMkavAdI), dUsaroM ko trAsa (pIr3A) dene vAlA ho jAtA hai aura usakI yaha mAnyatA bana jAtI hai ki jo kisI ne nahIM kiyA, vaha (kukRtya) maiM kruuNgaa| (ina kukarmoM ko vaha zubhakarma mAnatA hai|)2 / viparIta dRSTi vAle vyaktiyoM kA viparIta dRSTikoNa evaM AcaraNa viparIta dRSTi vAle vyakti karmasiddhAnta kA galata mUlya-nirdhAraNa karate haiN| hiMsA, mithyAtva (ajJAna), asatya, mAyA (kapaTa), paizunya (cugalI tathA paranindA) evaM duSTatA karane meM tathA madya, mAMsa kA sevana karane meM karmasiddhAnta jahA~ vyakti ke lie pApakarma kA bandha tathA usase hone vAle naraka-tiryaMca Adi durgati gamanarUpa phala batAte haiM, jo AtmA ke lie zreyaskara nahIM hai parantu hiMsA, asatya, ThagI Adi meM rata loga ise zreyaskara mAnate 1. "AvaMtI keyAvaMtI loyaMsi samaNA ya mAhaNA ya puDho vivAdaM vadati se diTuM ca Ne, suyaM ca Ne, mayaM ca Ne, viNNAyaM ca Ne, uDDhaM ahaM tiriyaM disAsu savvato supaDilehiyaM ca Ne-savve pANA, savve bhUyA, savve jIvA, savve sattA haMtavvA, ajjAveyavvA, parighetavvA, pariyAveyavvA, uddveybvaa||" "etya vi jANaha, Natthitya doso|" "annaariyvynnmeyN|" - AcArAMga, zru. 1, a. 4. u. 2 2. "jIvie ihA je pamattA, se hattA, chettA, bhattA, lupittA, vilupittA, uddavettA, uttAsaittA, akaDaM karissAmitti mnnnnmaanne|" - AcArAMga zru. 1, a 2 u. 1 3. "hiMse bAle musAvAI mAille pisuNe sddhe| bhuMjamANe suraM maMsa seyameyaM ti mnnii|| -uttarAdhyayana. a. 5, gA.9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 17 uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM ina tathyoM ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai, ki kAma-bhogoM meM Asakta vyaktiyoM kA mithyA dRSTikoNa isa prakAra kA hai ki maiMne paraloka dekhA nahIM hai, ihaloka meM kAma-bhogoM meM jo sukha hai, vaha pratyakSa hai| bhaviSya ke jo zubhaphala haiM, ve to adRSTa haiM, kintu ye kAmabhoga hastagata haiN| inheM chor3akara kauna paraloka ke sukha kI AzA kre| kauna jAnatA hai- paraloka hai bhI yA nahIM hai ? dUsaroM kA jo hAla hogA, vahI merA hogA, isa prakAra kAmabhogoM meM Asakta ajJAnI jana dhRSTa banA phiratA hai| isa prakAra vaha pApakarmA vyakti eka ora se pApa karmoM kA khullamakhullA pracAra karatA hai, logoM ko pApa karma karane kI preraNA detA hai, dUsarI ora svayaM bhI arthalolupa evaM striyoM meM Asakta banakara niHzaMka hokara pApa karma karatA rahatA hai| isa prakAra donoM ora se mana-vacana kAyA se pApa karmoM kA saMcaya karatA rahatA hai|' viparItadRSTi logoM dvArA karmasiddhAnta kA viparIta prarUpaNa AcArAMga sUtra meM aise logoM kI durmanovRtti aura viparIta dRSTi kA paricaya dete hue kahA gayA hai-"aisA viSayArthI aura nipaTasvArthI manuSya apane mitra, svajana, parijana, paricita tathA nAnA upakaraNoM-sAdhanoM, dhana-dhAnya, vastrAdi tathA sampatti Adi saba meM Asakta rahatA hai; aharniza vaha pramAdI, cintita aura saMtapta rahatA hai|" vaha arthalobha evaM vividha sukha-suvidhA ke saMyogoM kI kAmanA karake kAla aura akAla kI paravAha na kara aharniza aise duSpuruSArtha karatA rahatA hai| usakA citta bhI unhIM viSayoM meM rata rahatA hai, isalie vaha niHzaMka hokara duHsAhasapUrvaka lUTa-khasoTa, zoSaNa Adi karatA huA prANiyoM para bAra-bAra (bhAva) zastra calAtA rahatA hai|''2 1. je giddhe kAmabhoesu ege kUDAya gcchti| na me diDhe pare loe, cakkhudiTThA imA rii|| hatyAgayA ime kAmA, kAliyA je annaagyaa| ko jANai pare loe, atthi vA natthi vA punno|| jaNeNa saddhiM hokkhAmi, ii bAle pgddbhii| kAmabhogANarAgeNaM kesaM sNpddivjjii| kAyasA vayasA matte, vitte giddheya itthisu| duhao malaM saMciNai sisuNAguvva maTTiyaM -uttarAdhyayana a. 5 gA. 5, 6, 7, 10 2. (ka) mAyA me, piyA me, bhajjA me, puttA me, dhUA me, NhusA me, sahi-sayaNa-saMgaMdha-saMthuA me vivittuvagaraNa-bhoyaNa-cchAyaNaM me| iccatyaM gahie loe vase pmtte| iti se guNaTThI mahayA pariyAveNaM puNo puNo vase pmtte| ___ -AcArAMga zru.1 a.2 u. 1 (kha) aho ya rAo ya paritappamANe kAlAkAla samuTThAI saMjogaTThI aTThAlobhI Alupe sahasAkAre viNiviTTha citte ettha satthe puNo punno| -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 2 u. 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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18 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) . isa prakAra ke loga karmasiddhAnta kI mithyA prerUpaNA evaM viparIta mUlya-nirdhAraNa karate haiN| dRSTi, zraddhA, buddhi Adi ke viparIta hone ke kAraNa dRSTi, zraddhA, ruci aura buddhi kaise viparIta ho jAtI hai, isa sambandha meM AcArAMga sUtra kahatA hai-"bhogoM ke lie lAlAyita hokara pUrNatayA bAla (ajJAnI aura atyAgI) aura mUr3ha jana kevala jIvana kI kAmanA karatA huA (dRSTi aura zraddhA se) viparyAsa bhAva ko prApta hotA hai| aise viSayAsakta mithyAdRSTijanoM ko isa loka meM tapa, dama, niyama, saMyama Adi kucha bhI nahIM dikhAI detA, arthAt-use dharmAcaraNa bilakula nahIM suhAtA aura na hI sUjhatA hai|" ____ "aise loga vividha prakAra ke raMga-biraMge vastra, AbhUSaNa, maNi, kuNDala, svarNa Adi meM tathA kAminiyoM ke rAga-raMga meM atyanta gRddha ho jAte haiN| aura unhIM meM Asakta rahate haiN|" ___ "jAti, kula, bala, rUpa Adi ke mada se manuSya ko tajjanita hInatA prApta hotI hai, karmasiddhAnta ke isa rahasya ko nahIM samajhane vAlA abhimAnI puruSa (pApa karma-bandhana se) hatopahata hokara janma-maraNa ke cakra meM Avartana-paribhramaNa karatA hai|'' karmavijJAna ne Atmika sukha-prApti saMvara aura nirjarA se batAyI hai, jabaki jo saMsAra kI mohamAyA meM grasta haiM, ve isa tathya ko nahIM samajhate ki dhanAdi se tumhArI AtmA ko kiMcid bhI sukha nahIM hotA, indriyoM ko kSaNika vaiSayika sukhAnubhava ho sakatA hai| mithyAdRSTi vivekamUr3ha mAnavoM kA buddhi-viparyAsa viSayasukhArthI manuSya kAminiyoM ko sukha kA Ayatana kahate haiM, parantu unakA yaha kathana (karmabandha ke phalasvarUpa) unake lie duHkha, moha, mRtyu, naraka tathA narakatiryaJca yoni kA kAraNa hotA hai| vItarAga prabhu kA kathana hai ki, "striyoM se yaha saMsAra pravyathita hai-pIr3ita hai|" 1.. (ka) "saMpuNNaM bAle jIviukAme lAlappamANe mUDhe vippriyaasmuveii|" (kha) "na ittha tavo vA damo vA niyamo vA dissii|" (ga) "ArattaM virattaM maNikuMDalaM sahahiraNNeNa itthiyAo parigijjhati tattheva rttaa|" -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 2 u. 3 2. (ka ) "se abujhamANe haovahae jAI-maraNaM annupriyttttmaanne...| -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 2 u. 3 3. (ka) jeNa siyA teNa no siyaa| iNameva nAvabujhati je jaNA mohpaauddaa| -A. zru. 1 a.2 u. 4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya- nirNaya "satata mUr3ha manuSya (samyagjJAnAdi ratnatrayarUpa) dharma ko nahIM jAnatA " / " isa prakAra vaha asamyagdRSTivAn mUrkha dUsaroM ke lie krUra karma karatA huA, usake phalasvarUpa dhananAza hone se utpanna duHkha se mUr3ha banakara viparyAsa (buddhivaiparItya) ko prApta karatA hai| AcArAMga ke anusAra viSayAsakta manuSya apane ko amaravat jAnekara viSayoM ke prati atyanta zraddhA rakhatA hai| bhagavAna kahate haiM- "viSayalolupa vyakti apanI AtmA ke sAtha zatrutA (vaira) bar3hAtA hai|" '"viSaya-sukhArthI manuSya sAvadyakArya (pApakarma) karatA huA svayaMkRta pApakarmarUpa duHkha se mUr3ha banakara viparyAsa (dRSTi aura buddhi kI viparItatA) prApta karatA hai|" phira vaha apane hI pramAda se bhinna-bhinna janma-janmAntaraM prApta karatA hai| "yaha duHkha Adi svakarmakRta hai, karma - siddhAnta se yaha jAnakara sarvazaH kRta- kArita-anumodita rUpa se dukhotpatti ke kAraNabhUta karmoM kA nirodha kare" | pApakarmarata mAnaba zuddhadharma se anabhijJa rahatA hai "yoM ajJAna aura pramAda ke doSa se satata mUr3ha mAnava dharma (zuddha karma ) ko yathArtharUpa se nahIM jAnatA, vaha dharma se anabhijJa rahatA hai| he mAnava! prajA, prANisamUha isI kAraNa - se AMrttaduHkhoM se pIr3ita hai| jo karma kuzala haiM, kintu pApoM se uparata nahIM, aura avidyA (ajJAna) se mokSa kahate haiM, ve' Avartta saMsAra cakra meM hI bAra-bAra paryaTana karate rahate haiN| 1. (ka) te bho ! vayaMti - eyAI AyataNAI se dukkhAe, mohAe, mArAe, naragAe, naraga-tirikkhAe // - AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 2 u. 4 19 (kha) thIbhi loe pavvahie / - AcArAMga zru. - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 4 1. a. 2 u. 4 (ga) sayayaM mUDhe dhammaM naabhijaannii|" 2. iti se parassa aTThAe kUrANi krammANi bAle prakuvvamANe teNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuvei / - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 3 - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 5 - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 5 3. (ka) amarAyai mahAsaDDhI (kha) veraM vaDDhai appaNo / (ga) suhaTThI lAlappamANe, saeNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuvei". (gha) saeNa vippamAeNa puDho vayaM pakuvvaha / (Ga) "ii kammaM paritrAya savvaMso! - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 6 - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 2 u. 6 4. (ka) 'aNNANa-pamAya-doseNaM samayaM mUDhe dhammaM nnaabhijaannii|" (kha) aTTA payA mANavaM! kammakoviyA je aNuvarayA avijjAe palimokkhamAhu, A aNupariyaTTaMti / " - AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 5 u. 1 For Personal & Private Use Only S

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20. karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jinakI buddhi, ruci, zraddhA, prarUpaNA, mAnyatA, evaM dRSTi pUrvokta vividha kAraNoM se mithyA yA viparIta ho jAtI hai, "ve ina duSpUra kAmanAoM kI pUrti ke lie dUsaroM ko mArane, dUsaroM ko saMtApa (duHkha) dene, dUsaroM ko apane adhIna karane tathA janapadoM kA vadha karane, janapadoM ko paritApa dene aura janapadoM taka ko apane adhIna karane ke lie sadaiva udyata rahate haiN| malinabuddhijana yathArtha mUlya-nirUpaNa nahIM kara pAte isa prakAra kAmabhogAsakti, kaSAya-tIvratA, vividha madagrastatA, mithyAtva, avidyA yA ajJAna Adi ke kAraNa jinakI buddhi Adi moha-malina, mithyA yA viparIta ho jAtI hai, ve karmasiddhAnta kA na to yathArtha vastutva nirUpaNa kara sakate haiM, na hI usa para zraddhA yA ruci rahane haiM, aura na usakA yathArtha mUlyanirNaya kara pAte haiN| balki aise loga kabhI to jAna-bUjhakara aura kabhI bhrAnti yA avidyA yA mUr3hatA ke zikAra hokara karma- siddhAnta kA utthApana karane lagate haiN| karmasiddhAnta kA yathAyogya mUlyanirNaya na hone kA phala karmasiddhAnta ke yathAyogya mUlyanirNaya na hone ke phalasvarUpa ve jIvoM kI ahiMsA, dayA, karuNA, sahAnubhUti, yA avadha kA pratipAdana hiMsA, nirdayatA, akaruNA, kaThoratA, krUratA, upekSA tathA jIvavadha ke rUpa meM karane lagate haiN| athavA ve kisI vastu kA mUlyanirNaya sApekSa yA anekAnta yA anAgraha dRSTi se na karake ekAnta, nirapekSa, pUrvAgrahI yA svakIya mithyAbhiniveza dRSTi se karate haiN| karma siddhAnta kA bhI ve isI prakAra galata mUlyAMkana karate haiN| phira ve kisI apekSA se dUsare ke samyak dRSTikoNa ko na samajhakara apanI ekAntavAdI mithyA mAnyatAnusAra kuyuktiyoM evaM kutarko se mithyA siddha karane kA prayatna karate haiN| samyagdRSTi ke lie mithyAzruta bhI samyak : mithyAdRSTi ke lie samyakzruta bhI mithyA ___laukika evaM lokottara nIti aura ahiMsAdi saddharma ke pratipAdaka zAstroM evaM granthoM meM likhita tathyoM evaM tattvoM kA artha evaM vivecana bhI ve apanI hI dRSTi se tor3a-maror3a kara karate haiN| nandIsUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki "jisakI dRSTi samyak hotI hai, vaha laukika lokottara Adi zAstroM granthoM Adi meM likhita bAtoM ko samyak rUpa se grahaNa karatA hai, 1. se aNNavahAe aNNApariyAvAe, aNNapariggahAe, jaNavayavahAe, jaNavaya pariyAvAe, jnnvy-prighaae| -AcArAMga zru. 1. a. 3 u. 2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya 21 isalie usake lie samyak kahe jAne vAle zruta (zAstra) to samyakzruta haiM hI, mithyA kahe jAne vAle zruta bhI samyakzruta ho jAte haiM, isake viparIta jisakI dRSTi mithyA hai vaha AcArAMga, bhagavatI Adi samyakzAstroM ko bhI mithyA (viparIta) rUpa se grahaNa karatA hai, isalie usake lie ve samyakzruta bhI mithyAzruta ho jAte haiN|" "athavA mithyAdRSTi ke lie bhI ye hI zAstra grantha samyakzruta ho jAte haiM kyoMki kaI mithyAdRSTi una zAstroM siddhAntoM se prerita hokara apane mithyApakSa (pakar3a, pUrvAgraha) kA tyAga kara dete haiN"| samyagdRSTi hI nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se karmasiddhAnta ke yathArtha mUlyanirNaya meM sakSama isalie kisI bhI vastu, siddhAnA yA vyakti kA samyak yA asamyak mUlya-nirNaya vyakti kI samyak yA asamyak dRSTi para nirbhara hai| dRSTi ke anusAra hI prAyaH zraddhA, ruci, pratIti, sparzanA, pAlanA, anupAlanA, athavA buddhi yA mAnyatA bana jAtI hai| jisakI dRSTi samyak hotI hai, vaha hara pahalU se sApekSa rUpa se socakara karmasiddhAnta kA yathArtha mUlya-nirNaya karatA hai aura usake yathAyogya upayoga se jIvana ko AdhyAtmika ukrAnti ke patha para le jAtA hai| kintu jisakI dRSTi mithyA hai, vaha usakA mUlya-nirNaya viparIta rUpa meM yA mithyArUpa meM kare, isameM koI Azcarya nhiiN| vItarAga sarvajJa Apta paramAtmA ne nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se karmoM kI heyatA, jJeyata aura upAdeyatA kA nirNaya karake karmasiddhAnta kA yathArtha mUlya-nirdhAraNa kara diyA hai| alpajJa (chadamastha) ko sarvajJa AptapuruSoM dvArA inhIM tattvabhUta nau padArthoM ke mAdhyama se kiye gaye mUlya nirdhAraNa para zraddhA, pratIti, ruci, evaM sparzanA-pAlanA karake karmasiddhAnta kA yathAyogya prayoga= upayoga karanA caahie| tabhI karmasiddhAnta ke astitva aura vastutva (yathAvasthita svarUpa) ke sAtha usakA mUlya-nirdhAraNa usakI samajha meM A jAegA aura aise abhyAsa se vaha eka sacce karmavijJAnI ke samAna nau tattvoM ke mAdhyama se AnavoM kA nirodha karane tathA pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya (nirjarA) karane meM tathA mUlya-nirdhAraNa karane meM kuzala ho jaaegaa| bhagavadgItA kI bhASA meM 'yogaH karmasu kauzalam 2 (koM kA upayoga-anupayoga tathA nirodha-kSaya karane meM kauzala hI yoga hai) isa ukti ko caritArtha kara skegaa| 1. (ka) 'eyAI micchAdihissa micchatta pariggahiAI micchaasuyN| eyAiM ceva - sammadihissa sammattapariggahiyAI smmsuyN| (kha) "ahavA micchAdiTThissa vi eyAiM ceva sammasuaM, kamhA ? sammattaheuttaNao, amhA te micchaviA tehiM ceva samaehiM coiAsamANA kei sapakkhadiTThIo caryAta // " 2. bhagavadgItA a. 2 zlo. 50 For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM - 2 karma - vijJAna kI upayogitA karmavijJAna kI upayogitA para sarvatobhAvena vicAra karanA Avazyaka kisI bhI vastu kI upayogitA saMsAra meM tabhI mAnI jAtI hai, jaba usa vastu ke binA kAma na calatA ho, athavA usase koI vizeSa lAbha hotA ho, yA vaha vastu jIvana meM pada-pada para upayogI ho / karma mAnava-jIvana hI nahIM, sAMsArika prANiyoM ke jIvana ke atha se iti taka zvAsocchvAsa kI taraha sAtha-sAtha saMlagna rahatA hai / zvAsocchvAsa to eka jIvana ke anta taka sAtha rahatA hai, arthAt - AyuSya kI samApti taka sAtha calatA hai; kintu karma to sAMsArika jIvana-yAtrA meM janma-janmAntara taka kArmaNa zarIra ke mAdhyama se sAtha-sAtha calatA hai| saMsAra - yAtrA kI sadA ke lie parisamApti aura mokSa prApti ke prArambha taka karma prANijIvana ke sAtha-sAtha gati pragati karatA hai| isa dRSTi se karmavijJAna kI upayogitA para sarvatobhAvena vicAra karanA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| jIvana ke sarvAMgoM aura sarvakSetroM kA vizleSaNa karmavijJAna meM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki karmavijJAna meM mAtra zubhAzubha kriyA yA pravRtti kI dRSTi se hI karma kA vicAra kiyA jAtA, taba to usakI upayogitA para dIrghadRSTi se kisI prakAra kA vicAra karanA abhISTa nahIM thA / kintu jaina karmavijJAna meM karma se sambandhita pratyeka prazna para dIrghadRSTi se, samasta guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se, karmoM kI prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza bandha kI apekSA se, gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, upayoga, lezyA, saMjJA, bhavya, AhAra Adi vividha mArgaNAdvAroM kI dRSTi se tathA karma ke kartRtva, phalabhoktRtva, phalapradAtRtva tathA karmoM ke Anava-saMvara, bandha, nirjarA aura mokSa Adi tattvoM kI dRSTi se evaM karma ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama tathA bandha, udayaM, udIraNA, sattA Adi sabhI pahaluoM se sarvAMgapUrNa vicAra kiyA gayA hai, isalie pratyeka vicAraka For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM-karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 23 kA kartavya ho jAtA hai ki jainakarmavijJAna kA gaharAI se adhyayana kare aura usakI upayogitA ko smjhe|' sabhI dRSTiyoM se karmavijJAna para vicAraNA Avazyaka sAtha hI vaha isa vijJAna kI kevala vyavahArika hI nahIM, manovaijJAnika, jIvavaijJAnika, zarIravaijJAnika, bhautikavaijJAnika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya, naitika, sAMskRtika evaM AdhyAtmika dRSTiyoM se upayogitA ke bAre meM bhI sarvAMgINa rUpa se vicAra karma sarvathA tyAjya nahIM, kintu saMsArayAtrA ke anta taka upAdeya bhI haiM, kyoM aura kaise? ___ itanA kaha dene mAtra ge kAma nahIM cala sakatA ki karma to sarvathA tyAjya haiM; karma-paramANu to parabhAva haiM, isalie svabhAva ko vikRta karane vAle, Atmazakti ke pratibandhaka, avarodhaka evaM Avaraka haiM; isalie inheM sarvathA heya hI samajhane caahie| aura itanA kahane mAtra se ki karmo! tuma hamArA piNDa chor3a do, kyoM hamArI AtmA ke sAtha lage ho?" purAne karma chUTa nahIM jAyeMge, tathA naye karma Ane se bhI ruka nahIM jaayeNge| karma ApakI saMsArayAtrA aura zarIrayAtrA meM sAtha-sAtha lage rheNge| Apake isa jIvana ke aura agale janmoM ke pratyeka kriyAkalApa para karma aMkita hote rahate haiM, hote raheMge aura samaya para apanA phala dekara chUTate jAe~ge, sAtha hI naye-naye karmoM kA AvAgamana bhI jArI rhegaa| "ApakI zarIrayAtrA bhI karma kiye binA saphala evaM siddha nahIM ho skegii|" "samagra loka sva-svakarmasUtra se grathita hai|"2 vaha prANiyoM ke jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa aura kSaNa-kSaNa meM ramA huA hai| yaha vyakti kA kartavya hai ki caubIsoM ghaMTe apane sAtha rahane vAle karma kI gatividhi ko pahacAne ki usakI kahA~ upayogitA hai, kahA~ anupayogitA hai ? vaha kahA~ taka upAdeya hai, kahA~ upAdeya nahIM hai, kauna se karma zubha haiM aura kauna se karma azubha hai, sarvathA tyAjya haiM ? zubha karma bhI kahA~ taka upAdeya haiM aura ve kaba aura kisa kAraNa se aMzubha ho jAte haiM ? karmoM kI senA bahusaMkhyaka hai to jIva (AtmA) akelA hote 1. dekheM (ka) karmagrantha bhAga 1 se 5 taka (kha) mahAbaMdho pustaka 1 se 7 taka (ga) karma prakRti (gha) gommaTasAra (krmkaanndd)aadi| 2. (ka) zarIrayAtrA'pi ca te na prsiddhyedkrmnnH| (kha) svakarmasUtra grathito hi lokH| -gItA -mahAbhArata For Personal & Private Use Only

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24 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) hue bhI usake pAsa anantacatuSTaya sampanna cAra variSTha sainya dala haiM, magara haiM ve susta, kuNThita, suSupta evaM utsAhahIna / ataH aisI sthiti meM jIva ko karmoM ke sainyadala ke sAtha kahA~ jUjhanA hai, kaise jUjhanA aura vijaya pAnA hai, evaM kahA~ usake sAtha samajhautA karanA hai, kahA~ usake sAtha sandhi evaM sulaha karanI hai ? isakA pUrNa viveka karmavijJAna batAtA hai| jaina karmavijJAna itanA samRddha evaM suvyavasthita hai ki isameM jIvana ke hara eka kSetra kI pratyeka samasyA aura pratyeka prazna kA hala DhUMDhA jA sakatA hai| jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra aura pratyeka pahalU kA sarvekSaNa aura anusandhAna karane kA upAya bhI jaina karmavijJAna mArgaNAdvAroM tathA guNasthAnoM ke mAdhyama se batAtA hai| ise bhalIbhAMti hRdayaMgama karake hI mAnava apane lakSya kI dizA meM uttarottara Age bar3ha sakatA hai aura zuddha karma kI pagaDaMDI para car3hakara vItarAgatA se sampanna hokara cAra AtmaguNaghAtaka karmoM ko sarvathA kSaya kara sakatA hai, tadanantara usa janma ke AyuSya karma ke samApta hone ke sAtha hI AThoM hI karmoM ko samUla vinaSTa kara sakatA hai|' ina saba tathyoM aura tattvoM para se yaha spaSTa samajhA jA sakatA hai ki karmavijJAna kI mAnava-jIvana meM kitanI upAdeyatA aura upayogitA hai ? karmavijJAna ko apanAe binA karmoM se mukti yA karmakSaya kI yukti kI kalA kaise prApta ho sakatI hai ? karmavijJAna ko adhigata karane para hI mAnava purAtanabaddha karmoM ko usake dvArA nirdiSTa upAyoM se kSINa kara sakatA hai aura naye Ate hue karmoM ko bhI roka sakatA hai| sarvajJokta hone se karmavijJAna sarvAdhika upayogI evaM preraka karmavijJAna AdhyAtmika kSetra meM sarvAdhika upayogI isalie hai ki karmavijJAna ke upadeSTA vItarAga sarvajJa haiM, jinhoMne apane samasta pravacana jagat ke samasta jIvoM kI rakSA=AtmarakSArUpa dayA se prerita hokara pratipAdita kiye haiN| ve bhalA jagat ke jIvoM kA vadha ho, unakI AtmA patita aura caturgatika saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karake duHkhI ho, aisA upadeza kaise kara sakate haiM? hA~, unhoMne karmavijJAna ke dvArA yaha avazya batA diyA hai ki AtmA kaise karmoM ke AnavadvAra meM phaMsatA hai? kaise karmoM ke bandhana 1. dekheM (ka) karma rahasya, karmasiddhAnta (bra. jinendra varNI) (kha) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka (ga) karmabAda ( yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ) (gha) jainadRSTie karma (DaoN. motIcaMda gi. kApaDiyA ) 2. savvajaMga jIva rakkhaNa-dayaTTayAe pAvayaNaM bhagavayA sukahiyaM / ' For Personal & Private Use Only - praznavyAkaraNa sUtra

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM-karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 25 ko aura sudRr3ha karatA rahatA hai ? sAtha hI unhoMne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki kaise- kaise vaha karmoM ko Ane se roka sakatA hai aura unake baMdhana meM jakar3ane se svayaM ko bacA sakatA hai, kaise pUrvakRta karmoM ko tor3a sakatA hai ? bhautika upayogitAvAdI kavijJAna se lAbha nahIM uThA pAte yadyapi bhautika upayogitAvAdI karmavijJAna ke rahasya kA Ananda nahIM le sakatA; kyoMki usakI dRSTi meM sAMsArika bhautika padArthoM kI upalabdhi aura apane tuccha svArtha kI siddhi hI sarvopari upalabdhi hai| katipaya logoM kI yaha bhrAnta dhAraNA rahI hai ki bhautikavijJAna kI taraha karmavijJAna bhI apUrva camatkAroM se bharA hai| isameM ve vidyAe~ haiM, jinake bala para lohe se sonA banAyA jA sakatA hai, binA hI vimAna ke AkAza meM ur3A jA sakatA hai, kisI bhI deza ko jItA jA sakatA hai ityaadi| vaijJAnika camatkAroM kA khajAnA mAna kara katipaya logoM kI karmavijJAna ke prati ruci rhii| parantu karmoM ke vividha Anava aura baMdha tathA saMvara aura nirjarA ke vivecana kA paThana-zravaNa kiyA to unheM karmavijJAna nIrasa aura nirarthaka bauddhika vyAyAma pratIta huaa| aise arthabhakta andha-svArthabhakta logoM ne kahanA zurU kiyA"apanA kAma kro| aise karma ke bahu-AyAmI jAla meM apanA bahumUlya samaya kyoM vyaya kiyA jAe ? kyoM isa nIrasa karmavijJAna meM apanA sira khapAyA jAe?" vAstava meM laukika arthabhakta yA andhasvArthabhakta anartha kI jananI evaM AtmaguNanidhi kA lopa karane vAlI mohaka sAmagrI ko sarvasva mAnatA hai| yadyapi karmavijJAna ne jIvavijJAna, bhautikavijJAna, manovijJAna, zarIravijJAna Adi ke niyamoM aura siddhAntoM ke sAtha sAmaMjasya biThAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| parantu bhautikavijJAna ke yA artha ke pujAriyoM ko ina bAtoM aura rahasyoM ko jAnane kI utsukatA nahIM hotii| ve to karmavijJAna meM bhautikavijJAna kI kevala paudgalika sAmagrI na pAkara nirAza ho jAte haiN| kintu karmavijJAna kA marmajJa tathA Atmanidhi ke vaibhava .. ko samajhane aura pAne ke lie utsuka, jijJAsu, mumukSu vyakti yaha anubhava karatA hai ki karmavijJAna vividha vaijJAnika camatkAroM se bharA par3A hai| karmoM ke jAla meM phaMsAne vAlI bhautika padArtha kI tathAkathita jJAna sAmagrI to bandhana ko aura adhika puSTa karatI hai| vaha to mahAn avidyA, ajJAna yA mohajanita mithyAtva hai| ___ karmavijJAna meM AtmA karmoM kI rAzi se pRthak karake apanI ananta catuSTayI, amaryAdita evaM sthAyI vibhUtiyoM se suzobhita, suSupta Atmatva ko abhivyakta karane kI kalA, vidyA yA vijJAna kA camatkAra hai|' 1. mahAbaMdho bhA. 1 kI prastAvanA (paM. sumerucandra divAkara) se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR. 30-31 For Personal & Private Use Only

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26 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) 5 arthabhakta rupayoM ke hAni-lAbha para hI dRSTi rakhatA hai, jabaki karmavijJAna meM pAraMgata AtmavAn vyakti AtmasvarUpa ko AvRta karane vAle Asrava ko heya tathA bandha ko hAnikAraka evaM saMvara - nirjarA ko mokSarUpI dhana kA lAbhakartA samajhatA hai| karmavijJAna isI Atmika hAni-lAbha kI bAta vividha pahaluoM se batAtA hai| karmavijJAna se AdhyAtmika upalabdhi samayasAra nATaka meM kavivara banArasIdAsa jI ne karmavijJAna marmajJa jJAnI puruSoM kI karmavijJAna se AdhyAtmika upalabdhi kI prakriyA kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai je je jagavAsI jIva thAvara-jaMgamarUpa, te te nija basa kari rAkhe bala tori ke| mahA abhimAnI aiso Amrava agAdha jodhA, ropi raNathambha ThADo bhayo mUMcha morike // Ayo tihi thAnaka acAnaka paramadhAma, jJAna nAma subhaTa savAyo bala phori ke / Amrava pachAryo raNathambha tor3i DAryo, tAhi nirakhi banArasI namata kara jori ke // ' vastutaH karmavijJAna abhimAnI Asrava subhaTa ko pachAr3akara vijaya prApta karane vAle AtmajJAnI ko mahAn bala pradAna karatA hai| vaha batAtA hai ki karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha jo bandha hai, vaha itanA durbhedya, sudRr3ha aura sUkSma hai ki bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara zaktizAlI astra-zastrAdi ke prahAra kA usa para kucha bhI prabhAva nahIM par3atA, kintu adhyAtma-zaktiyA~ jAgrata hote hI rAgadveSa - mohAdi kaSAyajanita karmoM kA gAr3ha bandhana zithila hone lagatA hai| karmoM ke prapaMca se chUTane kA karmavijJAna dvArA prerita upAya hI * sacce mAne meM saba se bar3A lAbha aura camatkAra hai| saMsAra ke samasta bhautika camatkAra aura AviSkAra ko tarAjU ke eka palar3e para rakhA jAe aura dUsarI ora dUsare palar3e para karmakSaya evaM karmanirodha karane kI AtmacAturI athavA AdhyAtmika zakti ke camatkAra ko rakhA jAe to vaha AtmasvarUpopalabdhi kA palar3A hI bhArI rhegaa| ananta - ananta janmoM se baMdhe hue ananta duHkhoM ke mUla kAraNa karmoM kA pUrNatayA unmUlana karake AtmA meM anantajJAna, anantadarzana, ananta Atmikasukha aura ananta Atmazakti (vIrya) ko abhivyakta karane kI kalA karmavijJAna se hI prApta hotI hai| 9. samayasAra nATaka (kavivara banArasIdAsa jI ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM-karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 27 bhautikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA kI ArAdhanA meM antara sAtha hI karmavijJAna yaha bhI batAtA hai ki bhautikatA kI ArAdhanA se to AtmazaktiyoM kA hrAsa hI hotA hai, jabaki karmavijJAna dvArA nirdiSTa AdhyAtmikatA kI ArAdhanA se unakA vikAsa hotA hai, jIva karmoM se mukti pAne kA upakrama kara sakatA hai, phalataH vItarAgatA kA prakAza usake jIvana kI vRtti-pravRttiyoM ko Alokita kara pAtA hai| anAdikAla se mohamahA-vidyAlaya meM abhyAsa karane vAlA jIva jahA~ bhI jAtA hai, aura jisa kisI sajIva-nirjIva para-padArtha ke samparka meM AtA hai, vaha yA to rAga, moha, AsaktibhAva dhAraNa karatA hai, yA phira dveSabhAva dhAraNa karatA hai| phalataH tIvragati se karmabandha adhikAdhika sudRr3ha hotA jAtA hai| vItarAgatA kA prakAza usake jIvana patha ko Alokita nahIM kara paataa|' karmavijJAna mumukSu AtmA ke lie darpaNa ke samAna karmavijJAna kA anuzIlana-parizIlana karane se AtmA ko yaha patA cala jAtA hai ki isa samaya kauna-kauna se karma merI AtmA ke sAtha baddha haiM ? kina-kina karmoM kA udaya hai ? kina karmoM kI maiM udIraNA kara sakatA hU~? kisa prakAra maiM pratyeka sajIvanirjIva padArtha ke sAtha saMyoga hote samaya rAga-dveSa se bacakara kevala jJAtA-draSTA raha sakatA hU~? merI AtmA kI bhUmikA ke anurUpa kahA~-kahA~ mujhe zuddha karma (abandhaka karma-akarma) karane meM bAdhA AtI hai ? usa bAdhA ko dUra karane kA upAya kyA hai ? karmoM ke Ane ke kauna-kauna se srota haiM ? unheM maiM kaise baMda kara sakatA hU~? aisA kauna sA upAya hai jisase deha, geha, svajanAdi para moha, mamatva, mUrchA yA Asakti se jo karma Ate haiM, unase sAvadhAna rahakara azubha karmoM se to avazya hI dUra rahU~, zubha karmoM se bhI vivazatAvaza vAstA rchN| isa prakAra karmavijJAna mumukSu AtmA ke lie darpaNa ke samAna hai| karmavijJAna ke abhyAsa se AtmA meM nirAkulatA aura zAnti kA anubhava . . . isake vizada aura gahana abhyAsa se vyakti kA rAga-dveSa-moha kA abhyAsa manda-mandatara tathA inake nivAraNa kA abhyAsa tIvra-tIvratara hone lagatA hai| phira vaha Arta-raudradhyAnoM se AtmA ko bacAkara dharma-zukladhyAna kI vimala candrikA kA prakAza aura AtmavikAsa prApta kara letA hai| vahA~ sudhyAna kI cAMdanI AnandAmRta ko pravAhita karatI hai, rAga-dveSa-moha evaM kaSAya ke santApa kA tapana miTA detI hai| jisa prakAra sAgara ke atala tala meM DubakI lagAne vAle ko bAhya jagat kI zubha-azubha bAtoM kA patA nahIM calatA, isI prakAra karmavijJAna ke agAdha mahAsAgara meM gotA lagAne vAle 1. mahAbaMdho bhA. 1, kI prastAvanA (paM. sumerucandra divAkara) se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.31 For Personal & Private Use Only

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28 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) mumukSu evaM AtmArthI mAnava ke citta meM rAga-dveSAdi ke saMtApakAraka bhAva utpanna nahIM hote, vaha atIva zAnti aura nirAkulatA kA anubhava karatA hai| vyAyAmAdi abhyAsa ke samAna karmavijJAna ke abhyAsa se mahAlAbha jisa prakAra vyAyAma, yogAsana aura prANAyAma Adi kA samyak abhyAsI vyakti vyAdhiyoM evaM pIr3AoM ke AkramaNa se prAyaH bacA rahatA hai, aura tana-mana meM zakti, sphUrti evaM svasthyatA anubhava karatA hai, isI prakAra puNyAnubandhI puNyavarddhaka karmavijJAna ke punaH punaH adhyayana, manana- cintana evaM isake samasta vAGmaya kI vAcanA, pRcchA, paryaTTanA (AvRtti), anuprekSA evaM dharmakathA ke anuzIlana- parizIlanarUpa AdhyAtmika vyAyAma-prANAyAma karane se AtmA baliSTha hokara svaguNaniSTha evaM svarUpa-ramaNarUpa cAritra meM sudRr3ha banatI hai, phira usameM tathA usake adhInastha mana, buddhi, citta evaM hRdaya bhautika camaka-damaka, vikRti yA utsukatA utpanna nahIM kara sakatI, aura na hI moha, kAma-krodhAdi vikAra Atmazakti kA hrAsa kara sakate haiN| karmavijJAna ke cintanarUpa dharmadhyAna se rAgAdi kI mandatA zAstrakAroM ne dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ko karmamukti (nirvANa ) kA kAraNa batAyA hai| dharmadhyAna kA eka caraNa hai- vipAkavicaya | jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karmoM ke phala kA dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhava ke nimitta se jo anubhava hotA hai, usa ora vivekapUrvaka cittavRtti ko TikAnA vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| karmoM ke vipAka Adi ke viSaya meM manoyogapUrvaka cintana-manana- anuprekSaNa Adi karane se rAgAdi kI mandatA hotI hai aura kaSAyavijaya kA kArya AsAna ho jAtA hai / ' karmavijJAna kA adhyetA dhamadhyAna dhyAtA ho jAtA hai karmavijJAna ke adhyetA ko prArambhika avasthA meM mana ko ekAgra karanA atyanta kaThina hotA hai aura mana ko ekAgra kiye binA dharmadhyAna ho nahIM sakatA / kintu karmavijJAna ke gahana vana meM praviSTa hone ke bAda cittavRtti svataH ekAgra ho jAtI hai aura punaH punaH karmavijJAna ke vividha pahaluoM para manana, cintana, nididhyAsana se prArambha meM vikaTa evaM jaTila-sA lagane vAlA karmavijJAnarUpI vana rasaprada lagane lagatA hai aura phira karmavijJAna kA adhyetA usameM tanmaya hokara adhyetA se dhyAtA bana jAtA hai| 1. (ka) mahAbaMdha bhA. 1 prastAvanA (paM. sumerucandra divAkara) se bhAvAMza avatarita pR. 31-32 (kha) "karmaphalAnubhavavivekaM prati praNidhAnaM vipAkavicayaH / karmaNAM jJAnAvarNAdInAM dravya-kSetra -kAla- bhava-bhAva-pratyaya-phalAnubhavanaM prati praNidhAnaM vipAkavicayaH // " - tattvArtha rAjavArtika 353 For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM-karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 29 ataH AdhyAtmika kSetra meM jaina karmavijJAna kI upayogitA aura upAdeyatA, upalabdhi aura siddhi kama nahIM hai|' karmavijJAna Atmazakti ko karmazakti se prabala batAtA hai karmavijJAna yaha batAtA hai ki AtmA anantazaktimAn hai| parantu AtmA jaba apanI zakti ko bhUlakara karmoM se Abaddha ho jAtA hai, taba karmoM kA vazavartI banA huA vaha nAnA gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM cakkara kATatA rahatA hai, una gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM vividha prakAra ke sukha-duHkha bhogatA rahatA hai| sAtha hI karmavijJAna meM saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ke tattvajJAna dvArA yaha bhI pratipAdita kara diyA hai ki yadi AtmA ugra tapa, tyAga, vairAgya, saMyama evaM samyagdarzanAdi ratnatrayarUpa dharma kI sAdhanA se apanI zakti ko prakhara aura prabala banA le to vaha karmazakti ko parAsta kara sakatI hai| AtmA kI prabala zakti ke Age phira karmazakti Tika nahIM sktii| karmavijJAna adhyAtmavijJAna kA virodhI nahIM, apitu pRSThapoSaka va sahAyaka isa prakAra karmavijJAna adhyAtmavijJAna kA virodhI nahIM, apitu usakA sahAyaka hai, usake dvArA pratipAdita AdhyAtmika avasthAoM kA pRSThapoSaka banakara vaha vyAvahArika dRSTi se AtmA kI karmajanita sAMsArika avasthAoM kA, vizvavaicitrya kA sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa karatA hai| jisase jijJAsu aura mumukSu vyakti karma ke heyopAdeyatva kA rahasya samajhakara apanI AdhyAtmika utkranti kara ske| karmavijJAna vaibhAvika aura svAbhAvika, donoM avasthAoM kA jJAna karAtA hai ___ jaba taka AtmA ke vaibhAvika rUpa kA jJAna nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka usake svAbhAvika rUpa ko bhI bhalIbhAMti nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| karmavijJAna saMsArI AtmA ke vartamAna vaibhAvika rUpa kA darzana karA kara usake svAbhAvika rUpa ko-zuddha svarUpa ko prApta karane kA upAya batAtA hai| isa prakAra karmavijJAna adhyAtmavijJAna kI pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM mArgadarzaka banatA hai| . AtmA kI vartamAna meM dRzyamAna vividha vaibhAvika avasthAoM aura unake kAraNabhUta vividha karmoM kA citraNa prastuta kiye binA kevala usake pAramArthika rUpa ke cintana ko prastuta karane mAtra se AdhyAtmika vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| isa dRSTi se karmavijJAna saMsArI AtmAoM kI vartamAna meM sukhI-duHkhI, sampanna-vipanna, dhanI-nirdhana, buddhimAn-mUrkha Adi vividha avasthAoM ke vyAvahArika rUpoM kA cintana prastuta karatA 1 karmagrantha bhA. 5 kI prastAvanA (paM.kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI) se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.31 2 karmaprakRti (zivazarma sUri racita) meM prakAzita 'karmasiddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa' se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR. For Personal & Private Use Only

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30 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) hai aura yaha bhI batAtA hai ki ye dRzyamAna avasthAe~ AtmA kA svabhAva nahIM, ye karmopAdhika haiN|' isa prakAra karmavijJAna dRzyamAna jagat kI samagra avasthAoM aura unake kAraNoM ko batAkara phira AtmA kI sabhI svAbhAvika avasthAoM kA guNasthAna krama se nirUpaNa karatA hai| karmavijJAna : adhyAtmavijJAna ko prakaTa karane kI kuMjI Dibbe ke andara rakhe hue ratnoM kI prApti tabhI ho sakatI hai, jaba Dibbe ke bAhya rUpa ko tathA use kholane kI kuMjI, vidhi Adi kI sthiti ko samajhA jAe aura phira . use kholA jaae| isI prakAra AtmA meM nihita jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zaktirUpI ratna nidhi prApti tabhI ho sakatI hai, jaba AtmA ke tana-mana-vacana yogoM se janita karmakRta bAhya rUpoM, aupAdhika avasthAoM, AvaraNoM Adi ko samajhA jAe, phira Abhyantara jJAna-darzana-cAritra-taparUpI kuMjI se moha-kaSAyAdirUpI tAloM ko kholA jAe, AtmabhAvaramaNa sAdhanA se AvaraNoM ko haTAyA jAe aura antarAtmA meM nihita suSupta nirmala jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti ko jagAyA jAe, prakaTa kiyA jaae| kahanA hogA ki jaina karmavijJAna adhyAtmavijJAna ko prakaTa karane kI sahI kuMjI hai| karmavijJAna kA sarvakSetrIya vijJAnoM ke sAtha samanvaya aura mahatva isa - sandarbha meM hamane dvitIya khaNDa ke "karmazAstroM dvArA karmavAda kA adhyAtmamUlaka sarvakSetrIya vikAsa" nAmaka nibandha meM bhalIbhAMti spaSTa kara diyA hai ki karmavijJAna samasta prANijagat kI atha se iti taka kI avasthAoM kA parijJAna karAkara uttarottara AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI preraNA detA hai|2 / karmavijJAna : AtmazaktiyoM ke prakaTIkaraNa meM preraka ____ ataH manuSya yadi jijJAsu aura mumukSu banakara karmavijJAna kA adhyayana-mananacintana kare to use apanI AtmazaktiyoM kA pUrNa bhAna tathA unheM prakaTa karane kA manoratha jAgrata hue binA nahIM rhtaa| phira AtmA meM yaha viveka jAga uThatA hai ki yaha sArA karmajAla merI apanI ajJAna-moha-janita bhUloM tathA vividha pramAda ke kAraNa phailA huA hai| yadi maiM apanA Atmabala aura sAhasa baTora kara karmoM ke sAtha jUjha paDUM to inake chinna-bhinna hote dera nahIM lgegii| isa prakAra karmavijJAna para-padArthoM ke prati ahaMtva-mamatva ko tathA AtmA aura zarIra kI abhinnatA ke bhrama ko haTAkara bheda-vijJAna kI zikSA detA hai, tAki antardRSTi khule, adhyAtma kA jJAna ho aura paramAtmatattva ke darzana hoN| 1. uttarAdhyayana niyukti (52) meM kahA hai "jAvaiyA odaiyA, savvo so bAhiro jogo| 2. dekheM-karmavijJAna ke dvitIya khaNDa meM karmazAstroM dvArA karmavAda kA adhyAtmamUlaka sarvakSetrIya vikAsa nibandha pR. For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 31 AtmA caitanyazakti kA dhAraka hote hue bhI zarIra aura zarIra se sambandhita sajIva-nirjIva parapadArthoM kA rAga-dveSa, moha-mamatvAdi kaSAyoM ke sAtha sevana karatA hai, rAga-dveSa (prIti-aprIti) ke kAraNa kisI padArtha ko iSTa, kisI ko aniSTa, kisI ko sukharUpa, kisI ko duHkharUpa, kisI ko anukUla evaM manojJa aura kisI ko pratikUla aura amanojJa mAnatA hai, taba ye jar3akarma AtmA kI virAT zakti para hAvI ho jAte karmavijJAna : andhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3hane ke lie preraka jainakarmavijJAna pratyeka AtmA ko andhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3hane kI preraNA detA hai| vaha andhakAra ke kAraNoM aura rUpa kA bhI nirUpaNa karatA hai aura karmoM se mukta hone aura ukta andhakAra se nikalane kA bhI prabala upAya batAtA hai| karmavijJAna batAtA hai ki AtmA anAdikAla se aneka gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatI A rahI hai| isa saMsAracakra meM paribhramaNa kA mUla kAraNa karmoM kA AvaraNa hai| vaha karmAvaraNa rAga, dveSa, moha Adi kaSAyoM ke kAraNa hotA hai| karmoM kA bandha aura Asrava andhakAra meM praveza hai aura saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa prakAza kI ora le jAne vAle haiN| karmavijJAna ina donoM pahaluoM para paryApta prakAza DAlatA karmavijJAna meM AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ke lie tIna sopAna ____ karmavijJAna meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke zikhara para pahu~cane kI prakriyA meM tIna sopAna batAe gae haiM-yathApravRttikaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikrnn| jisa prakAra eka parvata se nikala kara samatala maidAna meM bahatI-bahatI saritA jaba samudra kI ora bar3hatI hai to usameM bahate hue kaI pASANa Apasa meM TakarAte-TakarAte svataH golamaTola ho jAte haiM; isI prakAra caturgatika saMsAra cakra meM paribhramaNa karate-karate anekavidha zArIrika aura mAnasika AghAta-pratyAghAtoM ke kAraNa yA kaTu-madhura saMvedanoM ke kAraNa AtmA ke pariNAma bhI kucha komala, mRdu, sarala aura nizchala hone lagate haiN| bhAvamaloM mohAdi azubha bhAvoM kI tIvratA aura prabalatA bhI manda hotI jAtI hai| isake phalasvarUpa karmoM kI sthiti tathA gAr3hatA kama ho jAtI hai| aura taba rAga-dveSa kI tIvratama (gAMTha) granthI ko bhedana karane kATane kI bahuta kucha aMzoM meM yogyatA prApta ho jAtI hai| ajJAnapUrvaka saMvedana-janita isa atyalpa Atmazuddhi ko, atyalpa nirmala pariNAmoM ko yathApravRttikaraNa kahate haiN| 1. yogadRSTisamuccaya ke vivecana (DaoN. bhagavAnadAsa ma. mehatA) se sArAMza uddhRt| For Personal & Private Use Only

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32 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isa sthiti meM AtmA aneka bAra punaH punaH nIce gira jAtI aura Upara uThatI hai| phira jaba kabhI isase bhI adhika Atmazuddhi evaM vIryollAsa (puruSArtha) kI mAtrA bar3ha jAtI hai, taba AtmA rAga-dveSa- mohAdi kI usa durbhedya granthI kA bhedana kara detA hai, kATa detA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, usake pariNAmoM meM rAga-dveSa kI mandatA A jAtI hai, taba granthIbheda karane ke sammukha huI usa Atmazuddhi ko arthAt-nirmala pariNAmoM at apUrvakaraNa kahate haiN| ise apUrvakaraNa isalie kahate haiM ki anAdikAla se saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate rahane para bhI rAga-dveSa-bhAvoM kI itanI mandatA-zuddha- pariNAmoM kI aisI sthiti pahale kabhI nahIM aaii| pariNAmoM meM aisI zuddhatA-nirmalatA pahalI hI bAra prApta huI hai| yahI apUrvakaraNa prApti kA rahasya hai| isa sthiti para pahu~cane para Atmazuddhi aura pariNAmanirmalatA meM uttarottara pragati hotI hai| isa apUrvakaraNa ke pazcAt Atmazuddhi aura vIryollAsa kI gati aura mAtrA kucha adhika bar3ha jAtI hai aura AtmA darzanamoha para vijaya prApta kara letA hai, jo AtmA kI pradhAnabhUta zakti hai aura satyajJAna kA Avaraka hai| aisI Atmazuddhi arthAtAtmA kI ucca pariNAma dhArA ko anivRttikaraNa kahate haiM / isa Atmazuddhi kI sthiti para pahu~ca kara AtmA kabhI pIche nahIM httegii| anivRttikaraNa para pahu~cakara AtmA bhrAnti aura avidyA ( mithyAtva) se mukta hokara svarUpa-darzana kara letA hai| vaha jIva aura ajIva (AtmA-anAtmA) kA, sva-para kA bhedavijJAna kara letA hai|' athavA karmavijJAna kA rahasyajJAtA hI samyagdRSTi phira vaha samajhane laga jAtA hai ki zuddha AtmA ke sAtha karma kyoM Akara (Ava) cipaka (baddha ho jAte haiM ? naye Ate hue karmoM ko kaise rokA (saMvara) jAtA hai ? purAne karmoM se kaise chuTakArA pAyA (nirjarA) jA sakatA hai ? karmamala ke sarvathA uccheda (mokSa) ho jAne se AtmA kI kaisI sthiti ho jAtI hai ? zuddha mukta AtmA (paramAtmA) kA svarUpa kaisA hai ? isa prakAra usakI tattvajJadRSTi AtmasvarUponmukha ho jAne se vaha AdhyAtmika zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai| usakI dRSTi saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya se rahita hotI hai| ise hI samyagdarzana, samyaktva yA samyagdRSTi kahate haiN| samyaktva-prApti ke pazcAt karmavijJAnI kI dRSTi, gati, mati samyaktva-prApti ke bAda manuSya kI dRSTi ekAnta na rahakara sApekSa yA anekAnta athavA samanvayAtmaka ho jAtI hai| vaha matAgrahI na hokara niSpakSa dRSTi se, aneka 1. dekheM- yogadRSTisamuccaya (A. haribhadrasUri) ke vivecana se bhAvAMza uddhRta For Personal & Private Use Only

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AdhyAtmika kSetra meM - karma-vijJAna kI upayogitA 33 pahaluoM se satya kA anvIkSaNa-sarvekSaNa karatA hai| vaha maitrI, karuNA, pramoda aura mAdhyasthyabhAva ko apanAtA hai| usakI pravRttiyA~ tuccha, svArthaparAyaNa na hokara paramArtha dRSTi se yukta hotI haiN| isa prakAra samyaktva prApta hone para AtmavikAsa kI gati - pragati meM vRddhi ho jAtI hai| usake pariNAma aura bhI vizuddha ho jAte haiN| rAgadveSa ke bala kA bhI hAsa hone lagatA hai| isa kAraNa cAritramohanIya karma kI kAla-sImA kama hokara alpakAlIna sthiti raha jAtI hai aura taba vaha dezavirata (bhAva- zrAvaka) ho jAtA hai aura AtmavikAsa kI sAdhanA cAlU rakhakara apane pariNAma adhikAdhika vizuddha karatA huA sarvavirata ( bhAva - muni) ho jAtA hai| isake pazcAt kramazaH karmabhAra halakA karatA huA yA to upazama zreNI prApta kara letA hai, yA phira kSapaka zreNI ( karmoM ko jar3amUla se kSaya karane) para ArUr3ha ho jAtA hai| aisI ti meM vaha mohanIya, jJAna- darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya, ina cAra ghAtikarmoM kA unmUlana karake kevalajJAna prApta kara letA hai aura anta meM sarvakarmoM kA kSaya karake siddha, buddha, mukta evaM savakarmoM tathA samasta duHkhoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai| yaha saba sAdhaka ke karmakSaya ke puruSArtha para nirbhara hai / ' upasaMhAra niSkarSa yaha hai ki AdhyAtmika kSetra meM karmavijJAna prArambha se anta taka AtmavikAsa meM puruSArtha kA preraka, upakAraka aura upAdeya banatA hai| isI ko dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to karmavijJAna mAnava ko andhakAra se prakAza ko ora, asat se sat kI ora evaM martyajIvana se amRtamaya jIvana kI ora le jAtA hai| yahI AdhyAtmika kSetra meM karmavijJAna kI upAdeyatA hai| 1. yogadRSTi samuccaya ke vivecana meM manasukhalAla tArAcaMda ke prakAzita vaktavya ke AdhAra para For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM pharma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA - siddhAnta kI kasauTI aura jaina karmasiddhAnta siddhAnta cAhe kitanA hI U~cA ho, utkRSTa ho, yadi vyAvahArika jIvana meM yA dainandina jIvana meM usakA upayoga na hotA ho to vaha kevala havAI kalpanA hI siddha hotA. hai| mAtra vAdI aura prativAdI dvArA tarka-vitarkoM se anta meM siddha hone vAlA siddhAnta' kevala AkAzIya ur3Ana hai| saccA siddhAnta vaha hai jo vyAvahArika dharAtala para pUrA-pUrA utaratA ho| isa dRSTi se jena-karmavijJAna dvArA prastuta karmasiddhAnta kI bAteM kore Adarza kI AkAzIya ur3Ana nahIM haiM, apitu Adarza ke sAtha-sAtha vyavahAra meM bhI, yahA~ taka ki jIvana ke dainandina vyavahAra meM bhI vaha pada-pada para upayogI hai| yadi karmasiddhAnta ke dRSTigata rakhakara calA jAe to manuSya aneka sthaloM para azubha-karma se baca sakatA hai| usake vyAvahArika jIvana meM kahIM gatirodha nahIM AtA, karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra AcaraNa karane se usake jIvana meM pramAda kI mAtrA kama ho jAtI hai, kaSAya manda se mandatara hotA jAtA hai, vipayAsakti bhI mandatara hotI jAtI hai| vaha apanI jIvana-naiyA ko karmajala se pUrNa saritA ke saMvara aura nirjarArUpI do taToM ke bIca se khekara sakuzala usa pAra karmamukti ke kSetra meM pahu~ca sakatA hai| __ yadi vaha sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga kA hai taba to apane AdhyAtmika, sAmAjika aura vyAvahArika jIvana meM 'jayaM care, jayaM ci?'2 (yatnAcAra) ke anusAra apramatta rahakara bakhUbI karmasiddhAnta kA upayoga kara sakatA hai| yadi vaha gRhastha varga kA hai to meM yAvadhAnI rakhakara zrImad rAjacandra, mahAtmA gA~dhI, janakavidehI Adi kI taraha AsAna -siddhAntakaumudI TIkA (vijJAnabhikSu 1. vAdi prativAdibhyAmana niNIto'rthaH siddhaantH| 2. are jayaM ciTTe jayamAse jayaM se| ayaM bhajatI bhAmaMtI pAvakammana bNdhii| -dazavaikAlika a.4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 35 se karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra calakara ahiMsAdi kA pAlana yathAyogyarUpa se apanI maryAdA meM rahate hue kara sakatA hai| usake jIvana meM anAsakti, samatA, dayA, kSamA, sahiSNutA, kaSAyopazAnti Adi guNa sahaja hI panapa sakate haiM; kyoMki karmasiddhAnta Amnava aura baMdha se bacane tathA saMvara aura nirjarA ke anusAra calane kA sandeza detA hai| ___ Azaya yaha hai ki karma-jalayukta saritA meM eka ora se karmoM ke AmnavarUpI bAr3ha ko Amnavanirodhaka saMvara se roke tathA dUsarI ora karma jala-paripUrNa saritA meM janma-janmAntara meM baddha pApa-karmarUpI kIcar3a aura daladala ko purAtana karmakSayarUpa nirjarA se ulIcakara bAhara nikAle aisA karane se vyakti karmasiddhAntarUpI dizAdarzaka ke sahAre apanI jIvana-naiyA ko sahI salAmata usa pAra le jA sakatA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM spaSTa batAyA gayA hai ki jo vyakti pApakarmoM (rUpI kIcar3a) se nivRtta haiM, ve nidAnarahita kahe gae haiN|' arthAt-saMsAra ke kAmabhogoM ke dala-dala meM ve apanI jIvana-naukA ko nahIM phNsaate| karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra vyavahAra hI jainakarmavijJAna kI mahattA vastutaH vartamAna yuga ke adhikAMza mAnava karma-siddhAnta kI bar3I-bar3I bAteM banAte haiM kintu ve karmasiddhAnta ko svIkAra karake usake anusAra calate nahIM hai| karmavijJAna kA eka mahattvapUrNa sUtra hai- "acche karmoM ke acche phala hote haiM aura bure karmoM ke phala bure| yaha sUtra jIvana ko naitika aura AdhyAtmika dRSTi se unnata banAne kA AdhAra banatA hai| - jaba manuSya kI yaha dhAraNA pakkI ho jAtI hai ki bure karmoM kA burA phala milatA hai, taba use burAI se bacane kI preraNA milatI hai| ___ prazna hotA hai-bhArata meM karmavijJAna ke isa sUtra ko svIkAra karake calane vAle kitane haiM ? adhikAMza loga to karmavijJAna ke isa aura aise mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta sUtroM ko maukhika rUpa se hI svIkAra kara lete haiM aura jahA~ AcaraNa kA savAla AtA hai, vahA~ ve dArzanika banakara vyAkhyAna jhAr3ane lagate haiM ki-"yaha to siddhAnta hai, Adarza hai, yaha kyA vyavahAra meM A sakatA hai ? isa siddhAnta para calane lageM to jInA dUbhara ho jaae|" parantu karmavijJAna ke ina siddhAnta-sUtroM ko maukhika rUpa se mAnakara bhI aise loga jaba pApa karma-bure karma karane para utArU ho jAte haiM aura jaba bure karmoM kA burA phala -AcArAMga zru.1,a.8,u.1 1. jeNibbuyA pAvehiM kammehiM, aNiyANA te viyaahiyaa| 2. suciNNA kammA suciNNA phalA havaMti, ducciNNA kammA ducciNNA phalA hvNti| For Personal & Private Use Only

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36 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) milane lagatA hai, taba ve karmavijJAna ko avyavahArya kahane lagate haiN| isa prakAra apanI durvRtti aura asadAcaraNa ko chipAne ke lie karmavijJAna kA galata upayoga kiyA jAtA hai, athavA karmavijJAna ko kaI bhrAntiyoM ke sAtha jor3a diyA jAtA hai| kamasiddhAnta kA vyAvahArika jIvana meM prayoktA kaisA hotA hai? parantu yaha bAta dAve ke sAtha kahI jA sakatI hai ki karmasiddhAnta kA vyAvahArika jIvana meM prayoga karane vAlA vyakti zAnta, sukhI, anudvigna aura AzAyukta hotA hai| jisa vyakti ne karmasiddhAnta ko hRdaya se svIkAra kiyA hai aura isa tathya ko gaharAI se samajha cukA hai ki bure karma kA phala burA hotA hai, vaha bhraSTAcAra, anAcAra, ThagI, durAcAra aura anyAya-anIti ko kadApi nahIM apanA sktaa| vaha anaitika yA aprAmANika vyavahAra nahIM kara sktaa| vaha lobha yA lolupatA ke vaza hokara ghI meM carbI milAna, Taheja kama lAne para bahU ko jalAkara yA anya ghRNita tarIkoM se satAkara mAra DAlane jaisA jaghanyatama aparAdha nahIM kara sktaa| sArvajanika saMsthAoM meM lAkhoM kA dAna karane vAlA vyakti aise krUra aura ghRNita kArya nahIM kara sakatA, jisase sArA kula, vaMza, jAti, dharma aura deza lAMchita ho, jIvana pApa karmoM se kalaMkita ho| ataH hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki karma-siddhAnta ko maukhikarUpa se svIkAra karanA eka bAta hai aura use jIvana-vyavahAra meM utAranA aura duSkarmoM ke samaya turaMta sAvadhAna hokara unase dUra rahanA, dUsarI bAta hai|' karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra vyAvahArika jIvana meM calate samaya pada-pada para sAvadhAnI rakhakara cale to manuSya karmabandha se, khAsataura se pApakarma-vandha se vahuta-kucha aMzoM meM baca sakatA hai| jaina karma-siddhAnta pada-pada para saMbhalakara calane kI preraNA detA hai AcArAMga sUtra meM isI tathya ko udghATita karate hue kahA gayA hai-"dekha! Urdhva (Upara) srota (pApakarmoM ke pravAha) haiM, adhaH (nIce) srota haiM, tiryaka dizA (cAroM dizAoM) meM srota haiM, aisA kahA gayA hai| ina pApa pravAhoM ko hI srota kahA gayA hai, jinase AtmA ke karmoM kA saMga-bandha hotA hai| "isa srota (karmapravAha) ko rokane (saMvara) ke lie jo niSkramaNa karatA hai athavA parAkrama karatA hai, vaha mahAn AtmA akarmA (abandhaka zuddha karma karane vAlA) hokara 1... karmavAda se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR. 149-150 2. uDhe sotA ahe sotA tiriya sotA viyaahiyaa| __ete sotA viyakhAyA, jehiM saMgati paashaa|| -AcArAMga 1/5/6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA : 37 saba kucha jAnane-dekhane lagatA hai; tathA paramArthadRSTi se karmabijJAna ke rahasya kA sarvekSaNa (paryavekSaNa) karake vaha kAmabhogoM kI AkAMkSA nahIM krtaa|' karmavijJAna kI vyAvahArika jIvana meM yahI upayogitA hai ki vaha vyakti ko pada-pada para saMbhalakara, yatanA se calane kI salAha detA hai| vaha aisA patha pradarzaka hai, jo yaha batA detA hai ki isa mArga para jAne se amuka pApakarma kA bandha hogA, isa mArga para calane se satya-ahiMsA Adi zuddha dharmoM (ddha karmoM) ko jIvana meM utArate samaya zubhAzubha karmabandha se bacane se pUrvabaddha karmakSaya kA mArga prazasta hogaa| dainandina jIvana meM karmasiddhAnta kA upayoga dainandina jIvana-vyavahAra meM karmasiddhAnta kA kyA upayoga hai ? ise samajhane ke lie eka dRSTAnta le lIjie-eka vyakti kahIM jA rahA hai| rAste meM usakI asAvadhAnI se kisI patthara kI Thokara laga gii| coTa lagana se vaha thor3I dera tilamilAkara raha jAtA hai| vaha yahI socatA hai ki "merI apanI galatI se Thokara lagI hai, isameM kisI dUsare kA kyA doSa? kisase ghRNA, vidveSa yA roSa kareM? coTa lagI hai to ise samabhAva se, zAnti se saha lenA hI behatara hai| AkhirakAra bhUla to merI apanI hI hai|" dainandina jIvana-vyavahAra meM karmasiddhAnta kI yahI upayogitA hai| koI roga, duHkha, dainya, vipatti yA saMkaTa A par3A, usa samaya karmavijJAna-marmajJa yahI socegA-yaha mere hI dvArA pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala hai, isalie ise zAnti se,samabhAva se bhoga lene-saha lene meM hI lAbha hai| aisA karane se ukta karmoM kA kSaya ho jAegA aura naye azubha karma nahIM bNdhege| isake viparIta kisI bhagavAna para, deva para yA kisI kAla Adi nimitta para doSAropaNa kiyA, dUsaroM ko doSa diyA yA ghRNA kI, dUsaroM ke prati badalA lene kI roSayukta bhAvanA jAgI, to pUrvakRta karmoM kA kSaya honA to dUra rahA, Age ke lie aura adhika naye azubha karmoM kA bandha ho jaaegaa| duHkha, vipatti, saMkaTa yA kaSTa ke mUla kAraNa to apanI AtmA meM haiM, ve apane dvArA pahale kiye hue karma haiN| pUrvajanma meM yA isa janma meM pahale jaise karma kiye haiM, unhIM ke anusAra hI to isa AtmA ko duHkhe saMkaTa Adi prApta hote haiN| 1. (ka) viNaettu soyaM Nikkhamma, esamahaM akammA jANati paasti| - (kha) paDilehAe NAvakaMkhati, iha AgatiM gatiM prinnnnaay|| 2. karmavAda : eka adhyayana (surezamuni) se bhAvAMza uddhRta 5.55-56 . 3. (ka) 'jahA kaDaM kamma tahAsi bhaare| . -mUtrakRtaga 5266.1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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38 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) karmasiddhAntavijJa meM karmaphala ko samabhAva se bhogane kI zakti jaba manuSya apane duHkha aura saMkaTa kA kAraNa svayaM ko hI mAnane lagatA hai taba usameM karma kA phala zAnti se, samabhAva se bhogane kI bhI zakti A jAtI hai| dainandina jIvana meM karmasiddhAnta ke isa prakAra ke abhyAsa se Ane vAle sukha-duHkha ke jhaMjhAvatoM meM usakA mana prakampita nahIM hotaa| apitu AzA aura vizvAsa kI lahareM usake jIvana meM vyApta ho jAtI haiN| kisI kavi kI yaha sundara ukti usake jIvana ko samabhAva ke mahala meM surakSita rahane kI praraNA detI hai "sukha ke ujale sundara vAsara, saMkaTa kI kAlI raateN| varSoM kaTa jAte haiM dina-dina, AzA kI karate baateN|| . isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta ko mAnane-jAnane vAle vyakti kA jIvana-prasAda AzA aura vizvAsa ke stambhoM para Tika jAtA hai| vaha kabhI karmasiddhAnta ke prati avizvAsI. aura nirAza nahIM hotA, kyoMki usako yaha dRr3ha pratIti ho jAtI hai ki AtmA ko sukha-duHkha kI galiyoM meM bhaTakAnevAlA manuSya kA svakRta karma hI hai, dUsarA koI nhiiN| yaha saba duHkha aura saMkaTa, roga yA zoka usake pUrvakRta azubha karmoM ke avazyambhAvI pariNAma haiN| isa prakAra karma-siddhAnta ko bhalI bhAMti hRdayaMgama aura abhyasta karake calane vAle Azvasta aura vizvasta vyakti ke jIvana meM nirAzA, taminA, kiMkartavyavimUr3hatA. dInatA-hInatA nahIM AtI karmasiddhAntavijJa duHkha-vipatti ke samaya vyAkula nahIM hotA yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki ihaloka yA paraloka se sambandhita koI bhI kArya jaba manuSya prArambha karatA hai to usake mArga meM prAyaH kaI vighna, saMkaTa yA duHkha A par3ate haiN| phalataH use prArambha kiye hue kArya meM saphalatA nahIM miltii| kaI bAra vijoM, bAdhAoM aura ApadAoM ke thaper3oM se Ahata hokara vaha apane prArambha kiye hue kArya ko chor3ane ko utArU ho jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI aisA bhaMyakara vighna yA saMka A par3atA hai ki usake sAre manasUbe dhUla meM mila jAte haiN| usakA bhAvI saMkalpa mUrtarUpa nahIM le paataa| aisI sthiti meM yaha Akula-vyAkula hokara kabhI bhagavAna ko, kabhI daiva ko, kabhI kinhIM dUsare nimittoM ko kosatA hai, unheM doSI ThaharAtA hai, unase dveSavaza saMgharSa karane 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'jIvana meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA' lekha se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR. 143 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 39 lagatA hai| jaba koI vaza nahIM calatA to vaha nirAza-hatAza hokara Arabdha kArya se mukha mor3a letA hai| vipatti ke samaya karma-siddhAnta AtmanirIkSaNa evaM upAdAna dekhane kI preraNA detA hai phira vaha vipatti ke samaya AtmanirIkSaNa na karake athavA apanA upAdAna na dekhakara eka ora bAharI duzmanoM ko bar3hA letA hai; dUsarI ora, buddhi asthira ho jAne se use apanI bhUla nahIM dikhAI detii| phalataH dharma evaM niSkAma yA zubhakarma karane kI apekSA use dharma evaM bhagavadvacanoM meM koI vizvAsa nahIM rhtaa| samyagjJAnAdi ratnatrayarUpa yA zruta-cAritrarUpa dharma se kalyANa hotA hai, svarga aura apavarga (mokSa) kI prApti hotI hai, dharma se pArivArika, sAmAjika evaM vaiyaktika sukha-zAnti prApta hotI hai, ina saba bAtoM para se usakI AsthA DagamagA jAtI hai|' ImAnadArI, satyatA, prAmANikatA, nyAya-nIti evaM ahiMsAdi dharma ko vaha Dhakosala samajhane lagatA hai| kisI hitaiSI para bhI usakA vizvAsa nahIM jmtaa| aisI vipanna sthiti meM manuSya ko aise satparAmarzadAtA guru, mArgadarzaka yA nirdezaka kI AvazyakatA hai jo usake buddhi-netra ko sthira karake use yaha samajhAne meM sahAyaka ho sake ki upasthita saMkaTa, vighna yA duHkha kA mUla kAraNa kyA hai ? karmasiddhAnta hI aisA guru yA mArgadarzaka hai| vipannAvasthA meM karmasiddhAnta kI preraNA karmasiddhAnta usa vipanna evaM vyAkula mAnava se kahatA hai-bhole mAnava! kyoM ghabar3AtA hai ? nirAza aura hatAza hokara kiMkarttavyavimUr3ha kyoM bana baiThA hai ? jIvana meM saMkaToM ke jo bAdala umar3a-ghumar3a kara barasa rahe haiM, pratikUla paristhitiyoM kI jo vRSTi ho rahI hai, isakA mUla kAraNa tU svayaM hai, tUne svayaM hI inake bIja bo rakhe haiN| tU jo isa saMkraTa yA duHkha ke lie, vighna-bAdhA yA Apatti-vipatti ke lie dUsaroM ko uttaradAyI ThaharAtA hai, dUsaroM ko doSa detA hai ki amuka vyakti ne mujhe duHkhI kara DAlA, amuka sAthI ne mujhe musIbata meM phaMsA diyA, amuka vyakti ne mere kArya meM bAdhA pahu~cAI, athavA amuka sahayogI ne mujhe hAni pahu~cAI, amuka ne merA kiyA-karAyA kAma bigAr3a diyA; tathA aisA socakara tU kisI para roSa karatA hai, kisI ko apanA zatru mAna baiThatA hai, kisI ke sAtha 1. (ka) jJAna kA amRta (paM.jJAna munijI) se bhAvAMza pR.30 . (kha) karmagrantha : bhAga 1 prastAvanA (paM. sukhalAla jI) se pR.5 . 2. (ka) karmagrantha bhA. 1 prastAvanA (paM. sukhalAlajI) se bhAvAMza pR.5 (kha) karmavAda :eka adhyayana (surezamuni) se bhAvAMza, pR. 56 / / For Personal & Private Use Only

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40 - karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) upavaza lar3AI kara baiThatA hai, usakA pariNAma AtA hai sva-para ke lie AkulatA, azAnti, udvignatA, bhIti aura kalaha-kleza tathA tU-tU, maiM-maiM kA viSama vAtAvaraNa! ataH Akula aura azAnta hokara tU apane mastiSka ko kyoM kharAba karatA hai ? vizvAsa rakha! dhairya dhAraNa kara! jIvana meM dharmAcaraNa se duHkha yA saMkaTa nahIM aate| dharmAcaraNa to duHkhoM aura pApoM ko naSTa karake jIvana kA kalyANa karatA hai, sukha-zAnti pahu~cAtA hai, bhaviSya ko ujjvala banAtA hai| ataH dharmAcaraNa ke prati apanI AsthA ko DAvA~Dola mata bnaa|' karmasiddhAnta dvArA AzvAsana isake atirikta karmasiddhAnta yaha AzvAsana detA hai ki kevala terI vAta kyA hai? bar3e-bar3e mahApuruSoM ko karmoM kA phala bhoganA par3A hai| karma kisI ko nahIM chor3ate, nikAcita rUpa se baMdhe hue karmoM kA phala to avazyameva bhoganA par3atA hai| dharmavIra seTha sudarzana ko karmavaza zUlI para laTakanA par3A, munivara skandhaka ko pAMca sau ziSyoM sahita kolhU meM pilanA par3A, ayodhyAnareza satyavAdI harizcandra ko rAnI tArA ke sAtha kAzI ke bAjAra meM vikanA par3A, devakI ke lAla mani gajamUkamAla ke sira para pUrvakarmoM ke kAraNa dhadhakate aMgAre rakhe ge| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAnoM meM kIle Toke ge| anya aneka mahApuruSoM ko karmoM ke kAraNa nAnA vipattiyA~ sahanI pdd'ii| ataH tU hI kyoM ghabarAtA hai| apane se Upara vAloM kI ora mata dekh| jo tujhase adhika vyathita-duHkhita haiM,unakI ora dekha! saMsAra meM tujhase bhI adhika duHkhI, cintita evaM vyathita mAnava haiM, unakI apekSA to tU Ananda meM haiN| ataH kyoM adhIra aura nirAza hotA hai? upAdhyAya devacandra jI ke zabdoM meM karmasiddhAnta kA mUla sandeza par3hiye "re jIva sAhasa Adaro, mata thAo tuma diin| sukha-duHkha Apada-sampadA, pUrava karma-adhIna // pUrvakarma-udaye sahI, je vedanA thaay| dhyAve Atama tiNa same, te dhyaanii-raay|| jJAna-dhyAnanI bAtar3I karaNI aasaan| anta samai Apad paDyAM, viralA kare dhyAna // kA amRta (paM. jJAnamuni) meM bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.31 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 41 kaSTa paDyAM samatA rame, nija Atama dhyaay| 'devacandra' tina munitaNA, nita vandU paay||' karmasiddhAnta kA svarNima sandeza isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta kA sandeza duHkhoM kI jvAlAoM se dagdha manuSyoM ke ghAvoM para marahama-paTTI kA kAma karatA hai| unake azAnta hRdayoM meM zAnti kA jharanA bahAtA hai| duHkha aura nirAzA ke garta meM par3e hue mAnavoM ko karmasiddhAnta vahA~ se nikAla kara AzA ke vizAla bhavana meM pahuMcA detA hai| jIvana ke sabhI kSetroM meM karmasiddhAnta kA sandeza AzAvAda kA saMcAra karatA hai, jisake kAraNa vyakti kA cintana ThIka dizA meM hone lagatA hai| vaha yahI socatA hai ki ye sukha-duHkha, zUla-phUla, haMsanA-ronA Adi saba apane pUrvakRta karmoM ke khela haiN| jiMdagI kI yAtrA meM sukha-duHkha dhUpa-chAMha ke samAna haiN| jaise-patajhar3a ke bAda basanta AtA hai, to vRkSoM meM phira hariyAlI lahalahAne lagatI hai, vaise hI duHkha aura vipatti ke bAda bhI sukha aura sampadA kI hariyAlI AtI hai| sukha aura duHkha donoM hI sthAyI nahIM haiN| zUla ko phUla aura phUla ko zUla banate kyA dera lagatI hai ? rAta ke bAda dina aura dina ke bAda rAta kI taraha jIvanayAtrA meM bhI aMdhera: ujAlA athavA utAra-car3hAva AtA rahatA hai| ataH sukha meM phUlo mata, duHkha meM tar3apho mata, ghabarAo mt| donoM jIvana vikAsa ke lie anivArya haiN| agara yaha tathya jIvana meM rama gayA to yahA~ bhI sukha-caina kI vaMzI bajAoge aura Age bhI Ananda maMgala paaoge| yahI karmasiddhAnta kA svarNima sandeza hai| karmasiddhAnta.kI sabase bar3I upayogitA ___ karmasiddhAnta kI sabase bar3I upayogitA yaha hai ki vaha mAnava ko AtmahInatA evaM AtmadInatA ke garta meM girane se bacAtA hai| jaba mAnava apane jIvana meM nirAza aura hatAza ho jAtA hai, use apane cAroM ora andhakAra hI andhakAra dikhAI detA hai, yahAM taka ki usakA gantavya patha bhI lupta ho jAtA hai| aise samaya meM ukta duHkhI AtmA ko karmasiddhAnta hI eka mAtra aisA hai, jo dhairya, AzvAsana aura sAhasa pradAna karatA hai| 1. upAdhyAya devacandra jI racita kAvya 2. (ka) karmavAda : eka adhyayana (surezamuni) se bhAvAMza pR. 59 (kha) jainatattvakalikA ka. 6 (AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI ) se pR. 152 3. jinavANI : karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'jIvana meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA' lekha se bhAvAMza pR. 143 For Personal & Private Use Only

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42 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) yaha siddhAnta usa saMtapta mAnava ko kahatA hai-'mAnava! jisa paristhiti ko pAkara tU rotA-cillAtA hai, hAyatobA macAtA hai, vaha tere svayaM ke dvArA hI nirmita hai, isalie isakA phala tujhe hI bhoganA hai| aisA kadApi sambhava nahIM hai, karma ta svayaM kare aura usakA phala koI aura bhoge|' karmasiddhAnta manuSya ko apanA bhAgyavidhAtA svayaM karma kA preraka jaina karmasiddhAnta yaha kahatA hai, ki mAnava terI vartamAna avasthA jaisI bhI, jo kucha bhI hai, vaha kisI dUsare ke dvArA (Izvara yA kisI deva yA mAnava Adi ke dvArA) tere para nahIM lAdI gaI hai, apitu tU svayaM usakA nirmAtA hai| tU hI apanA bhAgyavidhAtA hai| jIvana meM jo kucha utthAna-patana, vikAsa-hAsa, tathA sukha-dukha Adi Ate haiM, unakA dAyitva tere para hI hai, kisI dUsare para nhiiN| usa duHkha yA saMkaTa ko kATane kI zakti bhI tere meM hI hai| isalie tujhe kisI bhI deva, Izvara yA zakti kI dayA ke lie gir3agir3AnA yA bhAgya yA honahAra ke bharose akarmaNya hokara baiThanA nahIM hai| jo bhI samasyAe~ yA bAdhAe~ sAmane ar3I-khar3I haiM, unase Darane kI yA ghabarAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM; kintu siMhavRtti se socane aura sAhasa evaM dhairya ke sAtha samabhAva se karmaphala bhogane kI AvazyakatA hai| yahI socanA hai ki yaha saba pUrvakRtakarmoM kA phala hai, isakA sAmanA svayaM apane puruSArtha se karanA hai| isa AzA ke sAtha vyakti karmavijJAna kA sambala pAkara mokSamArga meM puruSArtha karatA huA eka dina apanI AtmA ko karmajala-paripUrNa saMsAra-samudra se nikAla kara mokSa nagara meM pahu~cA sakatA hai| karma-siddhAnta mAnava ke hAthoM meM apane bhAgyanirmANa kI cAbI sauMpakara use nizcinta banA detA hai| vaha mAnava ke bhAgya ko Izvara yA kisI adRzya zakti ke hAthoM meM nahIM sauNptaa| eka videzI vicAraka ke zabdoM meM karma-siddhAnta kA yaha amara sandeza hai "I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul." maiM hI apane bhAgya kA svAmI hU~ aura maiM hI apanI AtmA kA adhinAyaka huuN| mujhe merI icchA ke viruddha koI nahIM calA sktaa| mere jIvana kA vikAsa yA hrAsa, athavA mere bhAgya kA utthAna yA patana mere hAthoM meM hai| apane jIvana meM manuSya jaisA, jitanA aura jo kucha acchA yA burA nimitta yA saMyoga pAtA hai, vaha saba usakI apanI boI huI khetI hai| ataH jIvana meM nirAza-hatAza yA dIna-hIna banane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai|' karmasiddhAnta kI yahI upayogitA hai| 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana (surezamuni) se sAra-saMkSepa pR. 57 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 43 karmavijJAna siMhavRtti se socane kI preraNA detA hai| karmavijJAna sAdhaka ko siMhavRtti se socane kI preraNA detA hai| ajJAnI AtmA duHkha yA saMkaTa dene vAle para kutte kI taraha krodha pUrvaka jhapaTatA hai, use hI vaha upadrava kA mUla kAraNa samajhatA hai| jabaki jJAnI sAdhaka siMhavRtti se socatA hai| vaha duHkha yA saMkaTa dene vAle para roSa-dveSa nahIM krtaa| siMha ko koI DhelA mAratA hai yA usa para bANa calAtA hai, to vaha Dhele yA bANa ko nahIM, DhelA phaiMkane yA bANa calAne vAle ko pakar3atA hai, usI para prahAra karatA hai|' yaha siMhavRtti hai, lekina zvAnavRtti isase viparIta hai| kuttA DhelA yA lAThI mArane pAle ko nahIM, Dhele yA lAThI ko hI uchalakara muMha meM pakar3a letA hai| siMhavRtti vAlA mAnava yaha samajhatA hai ki ye becAre to mere saMkaTa yA duHkha meM nimitta mAtra haiN| ina para roSa yA dveSa kyoM karU~? duHkha aura saMkaTa kA mUla kAraNaupAdAna to mere aMdara hai, merA apanA kRtakarma hai| ataH jJAnI sAdhaka siMhavRtti se soca kara apane karma kI ora dekhatA hai| 'sUtrakRtAMga' kI bhASA meM vaha yahI socatA hai ki "jaisA maiMne karma kiyA, vaisA hI phala duHkha ke rUpa meM mere sAmane A gyaa|" apane kiye hue karma kA phala hI to AtmA ko daHkha ke rUpa meM milatA hai| agara maiMne Ama boyA hotA, zubha karma karatA, to usake sundara suphala milte| Aja ye kAMTe mere pairoM meM cubhate haiM, isakA kAraNa mere dvArA babUla kA ka~TIlA per3a boyA gayA hI hai| usakA phala to duHkharUpI kAMToM ke rUpa meM hI cubhanA hI thaa| karmasiddhAnta para dRr3ha AsthAvAn vyakti upAdAna ko dekhatA hai . niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmasiddhAnta para dRr3ha AsthA rakhane vAlA vyakti dUsaroM para roSa, dveSa nahIM karatA, na hI dasaroM ko doSa detA hai| vaha socatA hai ki ye bAhara ke vyakti to kevala nimitta ho sakate haiN| upAdAna kAraNa to mere antara meM hI hai| mere karma zubha hote to ye bAhara ke nimitta bhI zubha hote| bAhara ke nimitta apane Apa meM acche yA bure nahIM haiN| unheM zubha yA azubha athavA amRta yA viSa banA lenA karmasiddhAntamarmajJa ke bAMye hAtha kA khela hai| . vaha isI prakAra socatA hai ki ye jitane bhI duHkha yA saMkaTa mere para A rahe haiM una sabako nyautA dene vAlA maiM hI huuN| aba ye Aye haiM to inake Ane para ina mehamAnoM para kyoM 1. 'upekSya loSTha-kSeptAraM, loSThaM dazati mnnddlH| siMhastu zaramupekSya shrksseptaarmiiksste|| -pArzvacaritrama (bhAvavijaya) For Personal & Private Use Only

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44 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) roSa-dveSa karU~? kyoM A~sU bahAU~ ? dIna-hIna banakara kisI ke Age giDagiDAU~ ? kyoM hAyatobA macAU~ ? ha~satA, muskarAtA kyoM na inakA svAgata karU~? kyoM na apane kiye hue karmoM kA karjA khuzI se cukA jAU~ ? agara prasannatApUrvaka karmoM kA RNa adA kara dUMgA, to Age ke lie karjadAra nahIM banUMgA, bhaviSya ke lie karmabandha nahIM kara paauuNgaa| ye vipadA-saMpadAe~, sukha-duHkha mere hI karmoM ke phala haiM to maiM dIna-hIna banakara kyoM gir3agir3AU~ ? haMsate-haMsate samabhAva se inheM bhogakara inase kyoM na chuTakArA prApta karUM? karmasiddhAnta para vizvAsa se nizcintatA evaM duHkha-sahiSNutA ___isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta para vizvAsa se vyakti ko aisI nizciMtatA ho jAtI hai ki jaise mere pUrvakRta karma hoMge, tadanusAra phala milane meM koI sandeha nahIM hai| karmoM kA RNa to mujhe dera-sabera cukAnA hI par3egA, phira mana meM glAni na karake samabhAvapUrvaka hI inheM bhoga lUM, tAki naye karmoM kA bandha na ho aura purAne karmoM kA kSaya ho jaae| karmasiddhAnta para vizvAsa se kArya meM saphalatA aura hArdika prasannatA prApta hotI hai| pratikUla paristhiti ke samaya nimittoM ko kosane kI apekSA zAnta bhAva se sthira rahane kI athavA kevala mere para hI nahIM, bar3oM-bar3oM para bhI vipattiyA~ AI haiM, isalie inase na ghabarA kara samabhAva se bhoga lenA hI zreyaskara hai| isa prakAra kI AzvAsanarUpI preraNA karmasiddhAnta se milatI hai| karma-siddhAnta para vizvAsa se manuSya meM duHkha sahane kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai tathA bhAvI jIvana ko ujjvala-samujjvala banAne kI preraNA bhI milatI hai| ____ karmasiddhAnta AtmA ko duHkha meM ghabarAhaTa evaM sukha meM saMyata kara ucchRkhala evaM uddaNDa hone se bacAtA hai| vaha zikSaka kI taraha pratikUla paristhiti meM yathArtha mArgadarzana karake vighna-bAdhAoM aura vipattiyoM kI paravAha na karake dharmAcaraNa karane kA pATha par3hAtA hai| vaha mAnava jIvana meM AzA aura sphUrti kA saMcAra karake use vikAsa-patha para Age bar3hane kI preraNA detA hai| duHkha kA kAraNa svayaM meM DhUMDhakara anukUlatA-pratikUlatA meM dRr3ha ____eka bAta aura hai, jisa hRdayabhUmi para duHkha kA viSavRkSa lahalahAtA hai, usakA bIja bhI usI bhUmi meM boyA huA honA caahie| havA, pAnI Adi bAhya nimittoM ke samAna usa duHkha-vRkSa ko aMkurita-pallavita hone meM kadAcita koI anya vyakti nimitta ho sakatA hai| parantu vaha duHkha-vRkSa kA vAstavika bIja nahIM hotaa| duHkhataru kA vAstavika bIja bAhara nahIM, mere apane hI andara hai, mere hI kRtakarmoM kA pariNAma hai| isa prakAra ke 1. (ka) 'jaMjArisaM purvamakAsi kamma, tameva Agacchati sNpraae|" (kha) karmavAda : eka adhyayana, pR. 58-59 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 45 vizvAsa ko karmasiddhAnta sudRr3ha kara detA hai| phalata. duHkha ke kAraNa ko vaha svayaM meM DhU~r3hatA hai; usake lie na to dUsare ko kosatA hai aura na hI ghabarAtA hai| isa prakAra ke vizvAsa se manuSya ke hRdaya meM itanA bala aura sAhasa paidA hotA hai, jisase sAdhAraNa saMkaTa ke samaya vyAkUla hone vAlA mAnava' bar3I-bar3I vipattiyoM ko kucha nahIM smjhtaa| jIvana meM Ane vAlI ulajhanoM ko karmasiddhAnta ke sahAre zIghra sulajhA letA hai| isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta anukUla aura pratikUla donoM paristhitiyoM meM mAnava ko dIpaka kI lau kI taraha nahIM, apitu dhruva kI taraha aTala rahanA sikhAtA hai| karmasiddhAnta sAdhaka ko A~dhI aura tUphAna meM himAlaya kI taraha hara paristhiti meM sthira rahanA sikhAtA hai| vaha atIta ke jIvana ko smRti para ubhAra kara anAgata jIvana ko pariSkRta karane kI preraNA detA hai| mAnava jAti meM jo kucha bhI naitikatA, pApabhIrutA evaM dhIratA kI jhalaka dikhAI detI hai, vaha karmasiddhAnta para vizvAsa kA suphala hai| kisI bhI satkArya meM saphalatA ke lie jisa hArdika zAnti va ekAgratA kI AvazyakatA hai, vaha karmasiddhAnta para aTala vizvAsa se hI ho sakatI hai| karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA ke viSaya meM meksamUlara kA mata ____ karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA ke viSaya meM jarmana vidvAna DaoN. meksamUlara kA mantavya vicAraNIya haiM-"yaha to nizcita hai ki karmamata kA asara mAnava-jIvana para behada huA hai| yadi kisI manuSya ko yaha jJAta ho jAye ki vartamAna aparAdha ke sivAya bhI mujhe jo kucha bhoganA par3atA hai, vaha mere pUrvajanma ke karma kA hI phala hai, to vaha purAne karja ko cukAne vAle manuSya kI taraha zAntabhAva se usa kaSTa ko sahana kara legA aura vaha manuSya itanA bhI jAnatA ho ki sahanazIlatA se purAnA karja cukAyA jA sakatA hai tathA usI se bhaviSya ke lie nIti kI samRddhi ikaTThI kI jA sakatI hai, to usako bhalAI ke rAste para calane kI preraNA apane Apa hI prApta hogii| acchA yA burA koI bhI karma naSTa nahIM hotA, yaha nItizAstra kA mata aura padArtha-zAstra kA bala-saMrakSaNa-sambandhI mata samAna hI haiN| donoM matoM kA Azaya itanA hI hai ki kisI kA nAza nahIM hotaa| kisI bhI nItizikSA ke astitva ke sambandha meM kitanI hI zaMkA kyoM na ho para yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki karmamata sabase adhika jagaha mAnA gayA hai| usase lAkhoM manuSyoM ke kaSTa kama hue haiM aura usI mata se manuSyoM ko vartamAna saMkaTa jhelane kI zakti paidA karane tathA bhaviSya meM jIvana ko sudhArane meM uttejana milatA hai| 1. karmagrantha bhA. 1 prastAvanA ( pa. sukhalAla jI) se bhAvAMza pR. 6 2. karmaprakRti (saM. devarAja jaina) kI prastAvanA pR.25 / / 3. karmagrantha bhA. 1, prastAvanA (paM. sukhalAlajI) meM prakAzita vicAra .7. . For Personal & Private Use Only

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46 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta mAnava ke lakSyapatha ko Alokita karatA hai aura mArga se bhaTakate hue mAnava ko punaH sanmArga para lA sakatA hai| yahI karmasiddhAnta kI vyAvahArika jIvana meM upayogitA hai| karmavijJAna vartamAna meM pratyakSa vyavahAroM kI vyAkhyA bhI prastuta karatA hai koI vyakti apane karmoM kA phala acche rUpa meM bhogatA hai to vyavahAra meM yaha kahA jAtA hai ki "amuka vyakti ne pUrva meM zubha karma kiye the, unakA phala vaha acche rUpa meM prApta kara rahA hai|'' isake viparIta koI vyakti pUrvakRta azubha karmoM kA phala bure rUpa meM bhogatA hai to kahA jAtA hai- "amuka vyakti duSkarmoM ke phala prApta kara rahA hai|" udAharaNa ke taura para koI nirdhana vidyArthI mehanata, majadUrI karake arthopArjana karatA hai aura uccazikSA prApta kara letA hai| tadanusAra vaha apanI yogyatA aura karmaThatA ke AdhAra para acchI naukarI pA jAtA hai to vyavahAra meM kahA jAtA hai, 'yaha usake zubhakarmoM kA phala hai|' isI prakAra koI vyakti zarAba pItA hai, jUA khelatA hai, isa kAraNa apanA tana, mana aura dhana tInoM barbAda karatA hai, phijUla-kharcI karake sArA dhana ur3A detA hai| isa prakAra ke azubhakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa vaha dara-dara kA mohatAja bana jAtA hai,apanA svAsthya bhI kharAba kara letA hai, apane pArivArika jIkna ko bhI duHkhamaya banA letA hai to vyavahAra meM kahA jAtA hai- "yaha usake azubha karmoM kA phala hai|" dainandina vyavahAroM kI vyAkhyA bhI karmavijJAna prastuta karatA hai ___ ina aura aise hI zubha-azubha pariNAmoM ko dekhakara karmavijJAna ke vijJa, vizeSajJa yA aMzataH anabhijJa athavA pUrNataH anabhijJa, sabhI vyakti eka svara se vyakti ke zubha-azubha vyavahAroM kI vyAkhyA karma ke dvArA karate haiN| inhIM vyavahAroM kI vyAkhyA karmavijJAna bhI dArzanika DhaMga se prastuta karatA hai- acche DhaMga se Acarita (sucIrNa) ko (zubhakarmoM) kA phala zubha hotA hai aura bure rUpa meM Acarita (duzcIrNa) karmA (azubhakoM) kA phala azubha hotA hai| isase yaha spaSTa siddha ho jAtA hai ki karma-vijJAna mAnava tathA mAnavetara samasta prANiyoM ke dainandina vyavahAroM kI vyAkhyA karma ke dvArA prastuta karatA hai|' karmavijJAna isa janma meM kRtakoM kI saMgati bhI vartamAna vyavahAra ke sAtha biThAtA hai itanA hI nahIM, jo loga karmavijJAna para AkSepa karate haiM ki karmavAda isa janma meM prApta sukha-duHkharUpa pariNAmoM (phala-bhogoM yA vipAkoM) kI saMgati pUrvajanma yA pichale 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita DaoN. zAntA mehatA ke lekha 'karmasiddhAnta : eva TippaNI' ke vicAroM kI chAyA, pR. 304 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vyAvahArika jIvana meM-karma-siddhAnta kI upayogitA 47 janmoM meM kiye hue karmoM ke sAtha biThAtA hai, unake isa AkSepa kA bhI khaNDana ho jAtA hai| uparyukta donoM udAharaNoM meM mAnava ke pUrvajanmakRta karma ke phalayukta vartamAna vyavahAra kI vyAkhyA nahIM hai, apitu isa janma meM hI kiye hue zubha-azubha karma ke phalayukta vyavahAra kI vyAkhyA hai, jo ki AbAla-vRddha ke dvArA bhI isI rUpa meM prastuta kI jAtI hai| yaha avazya hai ki phala cAhe isa janma ke kiye hue karmoM kA ho yA pUrvajanmakRta karmoM kA, kahalAtA vaha pUrvakRta karma hI hai| pUrvakRta meM isa janma meM kiye hue karma bhI A jAte haiM aura pUrvajanmakRta karma bhii| isalie yaha niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki karmavijJAna kevala Adarza yA siddhAnta kI vyAkhyA hI nahIM karatA apitu karma ke dvArA vyAvahArika jIvana-vyavahAra kI vyAkhyA bhI prastuta karatA hai| jaina itihAsa kI prAcIna kathAoM meM yatra-tatra ihajanmakRta yA pUrvajanmakRta zubhAzubha karmoM ke phalasvarUpa manuSya ke vartamAna vyavahAra kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isase jaina karmavijJAna kI upayogitA pratyakSa siddha ho jAtI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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4 naitikatA ke sandarbha meMkarmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA bhautika vijJAna ke samAna karma-vijJAna bhI kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta para nirbhara jisa prakAra bhautika vijJAna kArya-kAraNa ke siddhAnta meM AsthA pragaTa karake hI Age bar3hatA hai aura naye-naye AviSkAra karatA hai, usI prakAra karma-vijJAna bhI kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta ke AdhAra para vartamAna jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kI vyAkhyA karatA hai| kAryakAraNa bhAva ke pariprekSya meM prophesara hiriyanA karma siddhAnta ke viSaya meM likhate haiM- "karmasiddhAnta kA Azaya yahI hai ki bhautika jagat kI bhA~ti naitika jagat meM bhI paryApta kAraNa ke binA koI bhI kArya (karma) ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| yaha samasta duHkha kA mUla srota hamAre (naitikatA - vihIna) vyaktitva meM hI khoja kara Izvara aura par3ausI ke prati kaTutA kA nivAraNa karatA hai / "" bhUtakAlIna AcaraNa vartamAna caritra meM tathA vartamAna caritra bhAvI caritra meM pratibimbita isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki karmasiddhAnta batAtA hai - bhUtakAla ke naitika yA anaitika AcaraNoM ke anusAra hI vartamAna caritra va sukha-duHkha kA nirmANa hotA hai, sAtha hI vartamAna naitika-anaitika AcaraNoM ke AdhAra para prANI ke bhAvI caritra tathA sukhaduHkhamaya jIvana kA nirmANa hotA hai| atItakAlIna jIvana hI vartamAna vyaktitva kaoN nirmANa hai aura vartamAna jIvana (AcaraNa) hI bhaviSyakAlIna vyaktitva kA vidhAtA hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki koI bhI vartamAna zubha yA azubha AcaraNa paravartI zubha yA azubha ghaTanA kA kAraNa banatA hai, usI prakAra pUrvavartI kisI zubha-azubha AcaraNa ke kAraNa vartamAna zubha yA azubha ghaTanA ghaTita hotI hai| atItakAlIna zubhAzubha AcaraNa ke anusAra bhAvI pariNAma : zAstrIya dRSTi meM AcArAMgasUtra meM jisa prakAra karmasiddhAnta ke sandarbha meM vartamAna ke zubha-azubha Outlines of Indian Philosophy, P. 71 9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 49 AcaraNa ke bhAvI pariNAmoM kA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai, usI prakAra bhUtakAlIna zubha-azubha AcaraNa ke anusAra vartamAna zubhAzubha pariNAmoM kA nirdeza karate hue kahA gayA hai ki atIta yA bhaviSya karmoM ke anusAra hotA hai, yaha soca (dekha) kara pavitra naitika AcaraNayukta maharSi karmoM ko dhuna kara kSaya kara ddaale|' jaise ki AcArAMga sUtra meM pRthvIkAyika Adi jIvoM kI amaryAdita hiMsA (samArambha) ke pariNAmoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki "aisA karanA usake ahita ke lie hai, abodhi kA kAraNa hai", yaha nizcaya hI grantha (karmoM kI gAMTha) hai, yaha moha hai, yaha avazya hI mRtyu rUpa hai, yahI naraka kA nirmANa hai|"2 ___ saMgrahavRtti ke anaitika pUrvakRta karma aura usake pariNAma kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai-"isa saMsAra meM kaI saMgraha vRtti vAle mAnava bace hue yA anya dravyoM kA anApa-zanApa saMgraha karate haiM tathA kaI asaMyamI puruSoM ke upayoga ke lie saMcaya karate haiM, parantu ve upabhogakAla ke samaya yadA-kadA rogoM se grasta ho par3ate haiN|"3 jAti kula gotra Adi ke mada (abhimAna) ke bhAvI pariNAmoM kA nirdeza karate hue kahA gayA hai-"aMdhA honA, baharA honA, gUMgA honA, kAnA honA, TUTA honA, kubar3A honA, baunA honA, kAlAkalUTA honA aura kor3hI honA, ye saba jAti Adi ke mada ' (abhimAna) ke kAraNa hotA hai| jAti Adi ke mada se prANI isa prakAra kI aMgavikalatA ko prApta hotA hai, yaha na samajhane vAlA (madagrasta) vyakti hatopahata hokara janma-maraNa ke cakra meM Avartana-bhramaNa karatA hai||4 - kAmabhogoM meM grasta mAnava kI durdazA kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai-"yaha kAmakAmI (kAmabhogoM kI kAmanA karane vAlA) puruSa nizcaya hI zoka (cintA) karatA hai, vilApa karatA hai, maryAdAbhraSTa ho jAtA hai, tathA duHkhoM aura vyathAoM se pIr3ita aura saMtapta ho jAtA hai|" 1. vihuyakappe eyANupassI nijjhosaittA khavage mhesii| -AcArAMga 1/3/3 2. (ka) 'taM se ahiyAe taM se abohie|" (kha) esa khalu gaMthe, esa khalu mohe, esa khalu mAre, esa khalu nre|" -AcArAMga sUtra zru. 1 a. 1, u. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7 3. (ka) "uvAiya-seseNa vA sannihi-sannicao kjji|" (kha) "tao se egayA roga-samuppAyA smuppjjti|" __ -AcArAMga, zru.1,a.2, u.1 4. (ka) "taM jahA-aMdhattaM, bahirattaM, mUyattaM, kANattaM, kuMTTattaM, khujjattaM, var3abhattaM, sAmattaM sblttN|" ... (kha) "se abujjhamANe hatovahate jAimaraNaM annupriyttttmaanne|" -AcArAMga zru. 1 a.2 3.3 For Personal & Private Use Only

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50 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ___"ajJAnI (bAla) mUDha, mohagrasta aura kAmAsakta vyakti kA duHkha zAnta nahIM hotaa| vaha duHkhI vyakti duHkhoM ke hI Avarta (cakra) meM anuparivartita hotA (bAra-bAra janma-maraNa karatA) rahatA hai|'' "phira use kisI samaya eka hI sAtha utpanna anake rogoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai|" pUrvakAlika naitika AcaraNa karane vAloM kA vartamAna vyaktitva : zAstrIya dRSTi meM ___ pUrvakAlIna naitika AcaraNa karane vAle vyaktiyoM ke vartamAna vyaktitva ke sambandha meM AcArAMga sUtra kahatA hai--"jo puruSa pAragAmI anaitika AcaraNoM se tathA viSayabhoge se virakta haiM, ve lobha saMjJA ko pAra kara cuke, ve (vartamAna meM) vimukta (akarma) haiN| ve alobhavRtti se lobha ke prati ghRNA (virakti) karate hue prApta kAmabhogoM kA sevana (abhigrahaNa) nahIM krte|" "arati-saMyama ke prati aruci bhAva ko dUra karane vAlA vaha medhAvI kSaNamAtra meM mukta ho jAtA hai|" "jo AyatacakSu (dIrghadarzI) aura loka-draSTA hai, loka kI vibhinnatA ko dekhane vAlA hai, vaha loka ke adhobhAga, UrdhvabhAga aura tiryagbhAga ko aura unake svarUpa evaM kAraNa ko jAnatA hai|" "isa manuSyajanma meM saMdhi (uddhAra kA avasara) jAna kara jo karmoM se baddha Asa pradezoM ko mukta karatA hai vahI vIra hai aura prazaMsA kA pAtra hai|"3 "yaha zarIra jaisA aMdara se asAra hai, vaisA hI bAhara se asAra hai; aura jaisA bAhara se asAra hai, vaisA hI aMdara se asAra hai| paMDita (jJAnI) puruSa deha ke aMdara kI azuci 1. (ka) "kAmakAmI khalu ayaM purise| se soyati jUrati tippati piDDati (piTTati) pritppti|" (kha) "bAle puNa Nihe kAma-samaNuNNe asamiyadukkhe dukkhI dukkhANameva AvaTai annupriytttti|" -AcA. 1/2/3 (ga) tao se egayA roga samuppAyA smupjjti|" -AcArAMga zru.1, a.2, u. 6, 3, 4 2. (ka) vimukkA hu te jaNA, je jaNA paargaaminno| lobhaM alobheNa duguMchamAge, laddhe kAme naabhigaahi| * viNa lobha nikvamma ema akamme jANati paasti|" -AcArAMga zru. 1, a. 2, u.2 (kha) "araI AuTTe se mehAvI khaNaMsi mukke / " -vahI, 1/2/2 (ga) AyayacakkhU logaviparasI, logassa ahobhAgaM jANai, uDDhe bhAgaM jANai, tiriyaM bhAga jaanni| -AcA. zru. 1, a. 2, u. 2,4,5 3. saMdhi vidittA iha macciehi, esa vIre pasaMsie jo baddhe pddimoye| -vahI, 1/2/5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 51 tathA bAhara nAva karate deha ke vibhinna mala-dvAroM ko dekhe aura yaha saba dekhakara vaha zarIra ke vAstavika svarUpa kA paryavekSaNa kre|" isI prakAra 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM cittamuni kA jIva sambhUti ke jIva-brahmadatta cakravartI ko vartamAna ke naitika AcaraNa aura usake bhAvI suphala kI preraNA dete hue kahatA hai-"yadi tuma bhogoM ko chor3ane meM asamartha ho to he rAjan! kama se kama Arya karma (naitika AcaraNa) to kro| nIti-dharma meM sthita rahakara yadi tuma apanI prajA ke prati anukampAzIla banoge to bhI yahA~ se bharakara vaikriyazaktidhAraka deva to ho hI jaaoge|"2 ___ vartamAna ke anaitika AcaraNoM karmoM) kA bhAvI duSpariNAma batAte hue kahA gayA hai-jo ajJAnI mAnava hiMsaka hai, mRSAdI hai, luTerA hai, dUsaroM kA dhana har3apane vAlA hai, cora hai, kapaTI (Thaga) hai, apaharaNakartA evaM zaTha (dhUrta) hai tathA strI evaM indriya-viSayoM meM gRddha hai, mahArambhI-mahAparigrahI hai, mA~sa-maMdirA kA sevana karane vAlA hai, dUsaroM para atyAcAra evaM damana karatA hai, aisA tundila va musTaMDA hai, vaha narakAyu kA AkAMkSI hai| isI prakAra mRgoM ke zikAra jaise anaitika karma ko karate hue saMyati rAjA ko mahAmuni gardabhAli ne ahiMsA aura abhayadAna kA upadeza dekara usase hiMsAdi pApAnava (pApakarma) chur3Ae aura use sarvajIvoM kA abhayadAtA mahAvratI uccarAjarSi banA diyaa| karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM anaitika AcaraNakartA ko naitika banane kA upadeza isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki tIrthaMkaroM, jJAnI maharSiyoM tathA jaina zramaNoM dvArA jisa kisI anaitika AcaraNaparAyaNa vyakti ko sadupadeza diyA gayA hai, aura nItidharma ke sanmArga para lagAyA gayA hai, use karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM hI zubha-azubha karma, usake upArjana karane ke kAraNa aura usake zubha-azubha pariNAmoM (phaloM) kA digdarzana karAyA gyaa| naitika-anaitika karmoM ke kartA ko karma hI phala dete haiM, IzvarAdi nahIM / vaidika, IsAI, islAma Adi dharmoM kI taraha Izvara yA kisI zaktivizeSa kA bhaya yA unake dvArA samasta prANiyoM ko karmaphala-pradAna karane kI bAta nahIM batAI gaI hai| jaina -AcArAMga 1/2/5 1. jahA aMto tahA bAhiM, jahA bAhiM tehA aNto| paMDie pddilehaae|" 2. uttarAdhyayana a. 13 gA.32 cittsmbhuutiiy| 3. vahI, a.7 gA.5, 6,7 / 4. dekheM, uttarAdhyayana kA aThArahavA~ saMyatIya adhyayana "abhao patthivA tujjha abhayadAyA bhavAhi yA aNicce jIvalogaMmi kiM hiMsAe pasajjasi // " -uttarA.a.18/11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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52. karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) karmasiddhAnta kI sarvazreSTha upayogitA isI meM hai ki vaha parokSa aura agamya Izvara ya kisI devI-deva ko prANiyoM ke karmoM kA preraka; kartA yA phaladAtA nahIM btaataa| vara AtmA ko hI apane naitika-anaitika karmoM kA kartA, aura karmoM ko hI svayaM phaladAta batAkara vaijJAnika dRSTi se kArya-kAraNa kI mImAMsA karatA hai| jainadarzana yA jainazAstroM meM kahIM bhI yaha kathana nahIM milegA ki kisI puNya yA pApa se yukta AcaraNa karane vAle ke usake ukta karma kA phala Izvara yA aura koI zakti pradAna karatI ho|' pUrvokta zAstrIya uddharaNoM meM sarvatra karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, ki anaitika yA pApayukta AcaraNa karane vAle ko naraka yA tiryaJca gati athavA ihaloka meM roga, zoka, duHkha, durdazA Adi phala prApta hote haiM, aura jo naitika yA dhArmika AcaraNa karatA hai tathA pApAcaraNa yA anaitika AcaraNa se dUra rahatA hai, use svarga yA manuSyajanma, uttama avasara, zubhasaMyoga, saMyama-prApti yA mukti Adi phala prApta hote haiN| kisI Izvara yA devI-deva Adi ke samakSa gir3agir3Ane, unakI khuzAmada karane, tathA kRta pApoM yA anaitika AcaraNoM ke phala se chuTakArA pAne ke liye prArthanA karane se vaha yA koI zakti use usake kRtakarmoM ke phala se mukta nahIM kara sktii| karma ke mAmale meM Izvara yA kisI zakti kA hastakSepa jaina karmasiddhAnta svIkAra nahIM krtaa| sapta kuvyasanarUpa anaitika karmoM kA phala kisI mAdhyama se nahIM, svataH milatA hai jainAcAryoM ne jainakarmasiddhAntAnusAra naitika aura anaitika AcaraNoM (koM) kA phala svataH tathA sIdhe hI milane kI bAta kahI hai, jaise ki sapta kuvyasanarUpa anaitika AcaraNa kA sIdhe (Direct) phala batAte hue eka jainAcArya ne kahA hai-"dyUta, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, vezyAgamana, zikAra, corI, parastrIgamana, loka meM ye sAta kuvyasana haiM, anaitika (pApamaya) AcaraNa haiM, jo vyakti ko ghorAtighora naraka meM DAlate haiN| athavA vyakti inase ghoratama naraka meM par3ate haiN|" yahA~ kisI Izvara yA kisI zakti ko mAdhyama (bicauliyA) nahIM batAyA gayA hai ki Izvara yA amukazakti kuvyasanI ko ghora naraka meM DAlatI hai| ataH naitikatA ke sandarbha meM jainakarmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA spaSTa siddha hai| 1. "appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa y|" -uttarAdhyayana 20/37 2. (ka) 'AtmAparAdhavRkSasya phalAnyetAni dehinAm'-cANakyanIti (kha) svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA purA, phalaM tadIyaM labhate shubhaashubhm| pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM, svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tadA // -amitagati- sAmAyikapATha 30 3. "dyUtaM ca mAMsaM ca surA ca vezyA, pAparddhi-caurya prdaarsevaa| etAni sapta vyasanAni loke ghorAtighore narake patanti / / " For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 53 IsAI dharma meM pApa karma se bacane kI cintA nahIM : kyoM aura kaise? isake viparIta IsAI dharma ke siddhAntoM para dRSTipAta karate haiM to spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki vahA~ naitika-anaitika AcaraNa (karma) kA zubha-azubha phala sIdhA karma se nahIM milatA, Izvara se milatA hai| jaisA ki DaoN. e. bI. zivAjI likhate haiM-'masIhI dharma meM karma, vizvAsa aura pazcAttApa para adhika bala diyA gayA hai| yAkUba, jo prabhu IsAmasIha kA bhAI thA, apanI patrI meM likhatA hai-"so tumane dekha liyA ki manuSya kevala vizvAsa se hI nahIM, karmoM se bhI dharmI ThaharatA hai| arthAt-karmoM ke sAtha vizvAsa bhI Avazyaka 'paulUsa' vizvAsa para bala detA hai| usakA kathana hai-"manuSya vizvAsa se dharmI ThaharatA hai, karmoM se nhiiN|" yaha tathya spaSTa kara detA hai ki manuSya ke karma (zubhAzubha yA naitika-anaitika AcaraNa) usakA uddhAra nahIM kara skte| vaha apane karmoM para ghamaNDa nahIM kara sktaa| paulUsa kI vicAradhArA meM karma kI apekSA vizvAsa kA hI adhika mahattva hai| "yadi ibrAhIma karmoM se dharmI ThaharAyA jAtA to use ghamaNDa karane kI jagaha hotI, parantu paramezvara ke nikaTa nhiiN|" paulUsa kI likhI huI kaI patriyoM meM isa bAta ke pramANa haiN| "jIvana meM mokSa kA AdhAra karma nahIM, vizvAsa hai|" "vizvAsa se dharmIjana jIvita rheNge|" IsAmasIha ke anya ziSyoM ne bhI vizvAsa para bala diyA hai| isI vizvAsa ko lekara 'yUhannA' IsAmasIha ke zabdoM ko likhatA hai-"yadi tuma vizvAsa na karoge ki maiM vahI hU~ to apane pApoM meM mroge|"2 - isake atirikta DaoN. e. bI. zivAjI likhate haiM-"masIhI dharma meM karma ke sAtha hI anugraha kA bahuta adhika mahattva hai, kyoMki uddhAra anugraha ke hI kAraNa hai| yadi Izvara anugraha na kare to karma vyartha hai|" bAibila meM likhA hai-"jo mujha se 'he prabhu, he prabhu' 2. (ka) yAkUba kI patrI 2 : 24 (kha) romiyo 5 :1 (ga) romiyo 4 :2 (gha) prerito ke kAma 16:31 (Ga) yUhannA 8 : 24 (ca) jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita "masIhI dharma meM karma kI mAnyatA" lekha se, . pR.205-206 For Personal & Private Use Only

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54 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kahatA hai unameM se hara eka svarga ke rAjya meM praveza na karegA; kyoMki vizvAsa ke dvArA anudraha hI se tumhArA uddhAra huA hai aura yaha tumhArI ora se nahIM, varan paramezvara kA dAna hai; aura na karmoM ke kAraNa; aisA na ho ki koI ghamaNDa kre|" __"..........to usane (anugraha karake) hamArA uddhAra kiyA; aura yaha dharma ke kAryoM ke kAraNa nahIM, jo hamane Apa kie, para apanI davA ke anusAra naye janma ke snAna, aura pavitra AtmA (kA anugraha) hameM nayA banAne ke dvArA huaa|"1 . uparyukta mantavya se yaha spaSTa hai ki IzvarakartRtvavAdI masIhI dharma meM naitika-anaitika karmoM (AcaraNoM) kA utanA mahatva nahIM, jitanA IsAmasIha (prabhu) para vizvAsa aura unakA anugraha prApta karane kA hai| IsAmasIha kA vizvAsa aura anugraha prApta karake jindagIbhara azubha (pApa) karma karane vAlA DAkU bhI pavitra jIvana-jIvI IsAmasIha ke sAtha svarga loka meM sthAna pA sakatA hai; isake viparIta zubha karma karane vAlA ayyUba nAmaka dharmI vyakti paramezvara yA IsAmasIha (prabhu) kA vizvAsa aura anugraha na pAkara vipatti aura duHkha uThAtA hai| vizvAsa aura anugraha para jora, anaitikatA se bacane para nahIM yahI kAraNa hai ki hatyA, daMgA, anyAya, anIti, atyAcAra, vyabhicAra, ThagI, phUTa, IrSyA, yuddha, kalaha Adi anaitika evaM pApa karma karane vAlA vyakti yaha samajhakara ki Izvara yA IsAmasIha para vizvAsa aura unakA anugraha prApta karane mAtra se pApa karma kA koI bhI kaTuphala nahIM milegA; vaha dhar3alle sa ye anaitika pApakarma karatA rahatA hai| IsAI dharma meM pUrvajanma aura punarjanma kI mAnyatA na hone se pApI manuSya yaha bhI samajhatA hai ki pUrvajanma ke karmoM kA koI uttaradAyitva nahIM hai, aura na hI pUrvajanma ke karmoM ko bhoganA hai, sAtha hI isa janma meM kiye hue pApakarma kA phala bhI agale janma (punarjanma) meM nahIM milegA, ataH jitanA jo kucha hiMsAdi pApakarma kiyA jA sake, karato aura Ananda se jiio| 1. (ka) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'masIhIdharma meM karma kI mAnyatA' lekha se pR.208 (kha) mattI 7:21 (ga) tItusa 3 :5 2. (ka) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'masIhI dharma meM karma kI mAnyatA' se paM.207 (kha) lUkA 23 : 39-43. (ga) dekheM, ayyUba 1:22. For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 55 yadyapi bAibila ke olDa TesTAmeMTa aura nyU TesTAmeMTa meM IsAmasIha kI dasa-dasa AjJAe~ (kamANDameMTsa) aMkita haiM, parantu unheM mAnakara aura bAra-bAra par3ha-sunakara bhI IzvarIya vizvAsa aura anugraha prApta kara lene ke cakkara meM loga anaitika karma karane se nahIM cuukte| parantu jainakarmavijJAna prArambha se hI naitika-dhArmika AcaraNa (zubhakarma) para jora detA hai| vaha kevala Izvara (paramAtmA-arhanta evaM siddha) para vizvAsa karane mAtra se yA unake dvArA batAe hue naitikatA aura dhArmikatA ke yama-niyamoM ko mAnane-sunane mAtra se athavA una para lambI-caur3I vyAkhyA kara dene se kisI vyakti kA usake pApa karma se. uddhAra nahIM maantaa| jaba taka pApakarmI vyakti apane pApakarmoM kI AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA aura kSamApanA dvArA zakiraNa nahIM kara letA, taba taka vaha pApakarmoM se chuTakArA nahIM pA sktaa| use isa janma meM yA phira agale janma yA anmoM meM apane anaitika kukarmoM kA phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai| isI prakAra satkarma karane vAle yA karmakSayarUpa dharmAcaraNa karane vAle vyaktiyoM para to paramAtmA kA anugraha svataH hI hotA hai| use paramAtmA kA anugraha prApta karane ke liye unakI khuzAmada karane kI yA pUjA-patrI, bheMTa-car3hAvA Adi kI rizvata nahIM denI pdd'tii| use apane kiye hue satkarmoM (zuddha karmoM) kA phala dera-sabera avazya milatA hai| naitikatA ke sandarbha meM jainakarmavijJAna isI tathya ko vyakta karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainakarmavijJAna ko mAnane vAlA vyakti hiMsAdi pApakarma karate hue hickicaaegaa| narakAyu aura tiryaJcAyukarma bandha ke kAraNa jaina karmavijJAna kI spaSTa udghoSaNA hai ki "mahArambha (mahAhiMsA), mahAparigraha, paMcendriyavadha, aura mAMsAhAra-narakagamana (gati) ke kAraNa hai; mAyA (kapaTa), gUDhamAyA, (dambha) jhUThA taula nApa kare, ThagI (vaMcanA) kare to prANI tiryaJcagati prApta karatA hai|" isameM koI bhI Izvara, devI-deva yA zakti use usake pApakarmoM (anaitika AcaraNa) ke phala se nahIM bacA skte| vaha spaSTa kahatA hai ki kAraNa anaitikatA kA hogA, to usakA kArya naitikatA ke phala kA kadApi nahIM hogaa| 1. dekheM-bAIbila ke giripravacana olDa TesTAmeMTa tayA nyU ttesttaameNtt| 2. (ka) cauhi ThANehiM jIvANeraiyAuyattAe kamma pagareMti, taM.....mahArambhattAe, mahApariggahayAe . paMciMdiyavaheNaM, kunnimaahaarennN| (kha) cauhi ThANehiM jIvA tirikkhajoNiya (Auya) tAe kamma pagareMti, taM....mAilnatA, NiyaDillatAe, aliyvynnennN,kuuddtull-kuuddmaannennN| -sthAnAMga, sthA. 4, u. 4, sU. 628, 29 For Personal & Private Use Only

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56 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) islAma dharma meM naitika AjJAe~ haiM, para amala nahIM yadyapi islAma dharma meM bhI anaitika karmoM se bacane aura naitika karma (AcaraNa) karane kA 'kurAna zarIpha' Adi dharmagranthoM meM vidhAna hai| vastutaH islAma dharma naitikatApradhAna hai| usake naitika vidhAnoM kA ullekha karate hue DaoN. nijAma uddIna likhate haiM "jaba hama sAmAjika karmoM (manuSya ke anya manuSyoM ke sAtha vyavahAroM) kI ora dhyAna dete haiM to nimna bAteM sAmane AtI haiM-(1) apane sambandhiyoM, yAcakoM, dIna-nirdhanoM, anAthoM ko apanA haka do; (2) mitavyayI bano, phijUla kharca karane vAle zaitAna ke bhAI haiM; (3) balAtkAra ke pAsa bhI na phaTako, yaha bahuta burA karma hai; (4) anAtha kI mAla-sampatti para burI nIyata mata rakho; (5) praNa yA. vacana kI pAbandI karo, (6) pRthvI para akar3a kara mata calo; (7) na to apanA hAtha gardana se bAMdhakara calo aura na use bilakula khulA chor3o, ki bhartsanA, nindA yA vivazatA ke zikAra bano; (8) mAtA-pitA ke sAtha sadvyavahAra kro| yadi unameM se koI eka yA donoM vRddha hokara raheM to unheM upha taka na kaho, na unheM jhir3akakara uttara do, varan unase AdarapUrvaka bAteM karo; (9) daridratA ke kAraNa apanI santAna kI hatyA na kro| unakI hatyA bahuta bar3A aparAdha hai; (10) kisI ko nAhaka kala mata karo; (11) kisI aisI vastu kA anukaraNa mata karo, jisakA tumheM jJAna na ho; (12) majadUra ko usakA pasInA sUkhane se pahale majadUrI de do; (13) apane naukara ke sAtha samAnatA kA vyavahAra karo, jo svayaM khAo pahale vahI use khilAo, pahanAo; (14) nApa kara do to pUrA bhara kara do, taulakara do to tarAjU se pUrA taula kara do; (15) amAnata meM khayAnata (beImAnIM) mata kro|"1 vAstava meM ye naitikatA-pradhAna zubha karma haiM, parantu islAma dharma meM eka to punarjanma ko nahIM mAnA gayA; dUsare, jitanA jora khudA kI ibAdata, rasUloM (paigambaroM) ke prati vinamratA para diyA gayA hai, jisameM namAja, rojA, haja aura jakAta Adi karmakANDa pramukha haiM, utanA jora isa para nahIM diyA gayA ki anaitika karmoM (AcaraNoM) se na bacane se yahA~ aura paraloka meM usakA duSphala bhoganA par3atA hai balki 'roz2e mazahara' meM likhA hai ki kayAmata (antima nirNaya) ke dina apane karmoM kA hisAba allAha ke darabAra meM hAjira hokara denA hotA hai; isa kAraNa vyakti bekhaTake jIvavadha, mAMsAhAra, zikAra, 1. dekheM jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'islAma dharma kA svarUpa' lekha se pR. 212, 213 2. (ka) dekheM-jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'islAma dharma kA svarUpa' lekha se, pR. 209 (kha) 'roje mazahara' For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 57 madyapAna, hatyA, AgajanI, daMgA, AtaMka, pazubali (kurbAnI) Adi anaitika kRtyoM, ghora pApa karmoM ko karatA rahatA hai| anyathA, allAha kI ibAdata evaM pUjA karane vAlA, allAha kI AjJAoM ko ThukarAtA hai, unake anusAra nahIM calatA hai, taba kaise kahA jAe ki vaha khudA kA bhakta yA pUjaka hai ? dUsare dharma sampradAyoM Adi se ghRNA vidveSa kI preraNA : pApa karma ke bIja __dUsare, islAma dharma meM momina aura kAphira kA bheda karake ghRNA aura vidveSa kA bIja pahale se hI bo rakhA hai joki azubha karmabandha kA kAraNa hai| zubhAzubha karmoM kA phala svayaM karmoM se hI mila jAtA hai, khudA ko isa prapaMca meM DAlane kI jarUrata hI nahIM, khudA (paramAtmA) kI ibAdata (bhakti) karake usase pApa-mAphI kA phatavA lene kI bAta bhI nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai| - jainakarmavijJAna manuSya mAtra hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke prati Atmaupamya, maitrIbhAva Adi rakhane kI bAta kahatA hai| sAtha hI naitikatA se svarga taka kI hI prApti hotI hai, mokSa nhiiN| isIlie jaina karma-vijJAna kA spaSTa udghoSa hai ki zuddhakarma (dharma) yA akarma kI sthiti taka pahu~co tAki mAnava-jIvana kA antima lakSya-mokSa (karmamukti) prApta kara sako, agara vaha na ho sake to kama se kama naitika niyamoM kA pAlana karo, tAki zubhakarma dvArA sugati prApta kara sko| jaina karmavijJAna : naitika saMtuSTidAyaka ___ eka pAzcAtya vicAraka haoNga mahodaya ne karma ke viSaya meM eka hI prazna uThAyA hai ki "kyA karma naitika rUpa se santuSTi detA hai ?"2isake uttara meM jainakarmavijJAna spaSTa kahatA hai ki yadi koI vyakti dharmanIti kI dRSTi se nyAya-nIti-pUrvaka zubhakarma kA AcaraNa karatA hai, athavA ahiMsA, satya Adi saddharma (zuddhakarma) kA AcaraNa karatA hai to vaha niSphala nahIM jaataa| use dera-sabera usakA suphala milatA hI hai| sabhI dharmoM aura sampradAyoM meM aise mahAn vyakti hue haiM, jo naitika evaM dhArmika AcaraNa karake ucca pada para pahuMce haiM, vizvavandya aura pUjanIya bane haiN| unake naitika evaM AdhyAtmika AcaraNoM ke suphala prApta karane meM koI bhI zakti yA devI-deva bAdhaka nahIM bne| yaha karmavijJAna dvArA naitika santuSTi nahIM to kyA hai? 1. dekheM, uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA cittasaMbhUtIya adhyayana 13 kI 32vIM gAthA 2. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita-'masIhI dharma meM karma kI mAnyatA' lekha se uddhRta vAkya pR.204 For Personal & Private Use Only

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58 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) karmasiddhAnta kA kArya : naitikatA ke prati AsthA jagAnA, preraNA denaa| ___ DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra-"sAmAnya manuSya ko naitikatA ke prati AsthAvAn banAye rakhane ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki karmoM kI zubhAzubha prakRti ke anusAra zubhAzubha phala prApta hone kI dhAraNA meM usakA vizvAsa banA rhe|" jainakarmavijJAna janasAdhAraNa ko naitikatA ke prati AsthAvAna rakhane aura anaitika (pApa) karmoM se bacAne meM saphala siddha huA hai| jainadharma ke mahAn AcArya kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandrasUri ne gujarAta ke solaMkI rAjA kumArapAla ko aura usake Azraya se aneka rAjAoM, maMtriyoM aura janatA ko karmavijJAna kA rahasya samajhAkara anaitika kRtya karane se bacAyA hai aura naitikatA- dhArmikatA ke mArga para car3hAyA hai| AcArya hIravijayasUri tathA unake ziSyoM ne samrATa akabara ko karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se pratibodha dekara, anaitika AcaraNoM se bacAkara naitikatA ke patha para car3hAyA thaa| . . isa yuga meM jainAcArya pUjya zrIlAlajI mahArAja, jyotirdhara pUjya zrI javAharalAlajI mahArAja, jaina divAkara zrI cauthamalajI mahArAja Adi aneka nAmI-anAmI AcAryoM evaM prabhAvaka munivaroM ne aneka rAjAoM, zAsakoM, ThAkaroM, rAjanetAoM evaM samAjanAyakoM tathA aparAdhiyoM ko jainakarmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, zikAra, vezyAgamana, parastrIgamana, jUA Adi anaitika kRtya chur3Akara naitika jIvana jIne kI preraNA dI hai| kaI mahAn santoM ne, jainazrAvakoM ne karmavijJAna kA saMgopAMga adhyayana karake, dUsaroM ko samajhA-bujhAkara isI bAta para jora diyA hai ki bhagavAn yA paramAtmA kI vAstavika sevA-pUjA unakI AjJAoM kA paripAlana karanA hai| eka ora apane Apako paramAtmA (khudA yA gaoNDa) kA bhakta (ibAdatagAra) kahe parantu prANimAtra ke prati rahama (dayA) karane, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, vyabhicAra Adi pApakarma na karane kI unakI AjJAoM ko ThukarAtA jAe; vaha khudA, paramAtmA yA sat zrI akAla kA bhakta (baMdA) nahIM hai| jainakarmavijJAna isa tathya para bahuta jora detA hai ki agara ahiMsAdi zuddhakarma (dharmAcaraNa) na kara sako to, kama se kama Aryakarma (naitika AcaraNa) to karo!" 1. jainakarma siddhAnta : tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) pR.1 2. dekheM-pUjya zrIlAlajI mahArAja kA jIvana caritra, pUjya zrI javAharalAlajI ma. kA jIvana caritra . a.1 tathA jainadivAkara cauthamala jI mahArAja Adi kA jIvana critr| 3. tava saparyAstavAjJA-paripAlanam-hemacandrAcArya 4. "jai taMsi bhoge caiuM asatto, ajjAI kammAI kareha raayN|" -uttarAdhyayanasUtra a.13 gA.32 For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 59 ataH yaha dAve ke sAtha kahA jA sakatA hai, ki jainakarma-vijJAnAnusAra karmasiddhAnta kI naitikatA ke sandarbha meM pada-pada para upayogitA hai| yaha bAta nizcita hai ki sAMsArika mAnava sadaiva nirantara zuddha upayoga meM rahakara, jJAtA-draSTA banakara zuddhakarma para yA arAgadviSTa hokara akarma kI sthiti yA svarUparamaNa kI sthiti meM nahIM raha sakatA, isalie jainakarmavijJAna ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkaroM ne kahAzubha-upayoga meM rahakara anAsaktipUrvaka kama se kama zubha karma karate rahanA caahie| nau prakAra ke puNya isI uddezya se batAe haiN| sAtha hI unhoMne azubhakarmarUpa anaitika karmoM-aThAraha pApasthAnakoM tathA saptavyasanoM Adi pApasrotoM se bacane kA nirdeza bhI diyA hai| jainakarmavijJAna karmAnusAra phalapradAna kI bAta kahatA hai "kadAcita vivazatA se koI trasajIvahiMsA Adi pApAcaraNa ho jAe to jainakarmavijJAna usakI zuddhi ke lie AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga, pratyAkhyAna, bhAvanA, anuprekSA, tyAga, tapa, kSamApanA prAyazcitta Adi tapa batAtA hai| isalie 'DaoN. e. esa.thiyoDora' ke isa bhrAnta mantavya kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai ki "karmasiddhAnta ke nyAyatAvAda meM dayA, pazcAttApa, kSamA, pApoM kA zodhana karane kA sthAna nahIM hai|"2 1. dekheM-(ka) sthAnAMgasUtra nauvAM sthAna (kha) 18 pApasthAnaka ke lie dekheM samavAyAMga 18vAM samavAya 2. . (ka) "AloyaNAeNaM....itthIveya-napuMsayaveyaM ca na baMdhai puvvabaddhaM ca NaM nijjrei|" (kha) "niMdaNayAe ....pacchANutAveNaM virajjamANe karaNa-guNaseDhiM paDivajjaI, ka. paDivanne ya __NaM aNagAre mohaNijja kammaM ugghaaei|" (ga) "garahaNayAe NaM......jIve apasatyehito jogehito niyattei, pasatthe ya pddivjji|" (gha) "paDikkamaNe NaM......vayachiddANi pihei| pasatthajoga paDivanne ya aNagAre aNaMta ghAipajjave khvei||". (Ga) "kAusagge gaM.....tIya-paDupanaM pAyacchittaM visohei| visuddha-pAyacchitte ya jIve nibbuyahiyae......suhaMsuheNaM vihri|" (ca) "paccakkhANe NaM icchAnirohaM jaNayaI......savvadavyesu viNIyataNhe sIibhUe vihri|" (cha) 'pAyacchitta karaNeNaM pAvakammavisohiM jaNayai niraiyAre yAvi bhvii......|' (ja) khamAvaNayAe NaM palAyaNabhAvaM jnnyi|......svv-paann-jiiv-sttesu mittIbhAvamuvagae bhAvavisohi kAUNa nibbhae bhvi|| -uttarAdhyayanasUtra a.29 sU.5, 6,7,11,12,13,16,15 (jha) Religion and Society Vol.No. XIV No. 4/1967. . . bhAvAvara For Personal & Private Use Only

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60 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jainakarmasiddhAnta karma kA phala Izvara yA kisI zakti dvArA pradAna karane kI bAta se sarvathA asahamata hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha naitika (zubha), anaitika (azubha) karmoM kA phala karmAnusAra svataH prApta hone kI bAta kahatA hai| paramAtmA ko prasanna karane yA unakI sevA-bhakti karane mAtra se anaitika (pApa) karma ke phala se koI baca nahIM sktaa| jainakarmasiddhAnta 'dUdha kA dUdha aura pAnI kA pAnI' isa prakAra zubhAzubha karma kA nyAyasaMgata phala batAtA hai| karmasiddhAnta ke nyAya ko laukika vidhi (kAnUna) vettA bhI koI cunautI nahIM de sktaa| isalie karma cAhe laukika (sAMsArika) ho yA.lokottara, zubha ho, zuddha ho yA azubha ho, sabake yathAyogya nyAyasaMgata phala milane kA pratipAdana jainakarmavijJAna vyavasthita DhaMga se karatA hai| isalie 'DaoN. e. sI. bauMkveTa' ke isa mata kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai ki sAMsArika nyAya ke rUpa meM karmasiddhAnta apane Apa meM nindanIya hai| mAnavatA bhI karmasiddhAntAnusAra azubhakarmakSaya se milatI hai yadyapi pratyeka dharma-sampradAya ne AdhyAtmikatA kI dizA meM sarvabhUtahita para dhyAna diyA hai, tathApi usakA prathama par3Ava sarvamAnavahita hai| sarvamAnavahita mAnavatA kI paridhi meM AtA hai, jo naitikatA kA Avazyaka aMga hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne naitikatA ke sandarbha meM durlabhatA ke cAra aMgoM meM mAnavatA-manuSyatva ko prathama durlabha aMga batAyA hai| sAtha hI unhoMne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki vividha karmoM se kaluSita jIva deva, naraka, tiryaJca aura asurayoniyoM tathA manuSyagati meM bhI kabhI cANDAla, zUdra, varNasaMkara tathA krUra kSatriya hotA hai; to kabhI kITa, pataMga, cIMTI, kuMthu Adi yoniyoM meM karmoM ke ghaza sammUr3ha hokara amAnuSI yoniyoM meM prANI nAnA duHkha, saMkaTa aura pIr3A pAtA hai| kadAcit puNyodaya se kramazaH azubhakarmoM kA kSaya karake jIva tathAvidha Atma-zuddhi prApta karatA hai aura taba manuSyatA ko grahaNa-svIkAra karatA hai| devadurlabha manuSyatva : naitikatA kA prANa aura prathama aMga __kitanI durlabha aura kaThina hai, manuSyatA! jo naitikatA kA prathama aMga hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jainakarmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se manuSyatA kI durlabhatA kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai| isI se samajhA jA sakatA hai ki naitikatA ke sandarbha meM jaina karmasiddhAnta kI kitanI upayogitA hai? 9. Christian Faith and Non-Christian Religion by A.C. Bonquet p. 196 2. (ka) "cattAri paramaMgANi dullahANIha jNtunno| mANusattaM suIsaddhA, saMja. cavIriyaM" // 1 // For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 61 naitikatA kA prANa mAnavatA hai| tathA usake anya avayava haiM-nyAya, nIti, mAnavamAtra ke sAtha bhAIcAre kA vyavahAra, apane grAma, nagara, rASTra, par3ausI aura parivAra Adi ke sAtha sukha-duHkha meM sahAyaka bananA, apane kartavya kA pAlana, le-de kI vyAvahArika nIti aadi| naitikatA kA pAlana na hone para kaisI-kaisI kaThinAiyA~ aura vipattiyA~ AtI haiM ? karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se vartamAna meM isa kA pratyakSa anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| naitikatA kA ullaMghana yA pAlana vartamAna meM hI zubhAzubha phaladAyaka naitikatA kA yA nItiniyamoM kA ullaMghana karane vAle vyakti ko karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra kitanI vipannatA, upekSA, avahelanA, kartavya-vimukhatA, duHkha-dAridrya kA sAmanA karane kA zikAra honA par3atA hai, isake jvalanta udAharaNa vartamAna mAnava-jIvana meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| naitikatA ke pAlana meM AsthA vyakti ko sadAcArI tathA pArasparika sahAnubhUti pradAna meM agrasara banAtI hai| usase kartavya-niSThA kA Ananda prApta hotA hai| naitikatA kI pravRttiyA~ vyakti ke jIvana meM sukha aura santoSa kA amRta bhara detI haiM aura samAja ke stara aura gaThana ko sudRr3ha evaM suvyavasthita banAtI haiN| ... naitikatA ke AdarzoM ke prati AsthAe~ lar3akhar3Ane para vyakti hI nahIM, vaha jAti bhI apane hI anaitika karmoM se svayameva cintita, vyathita aura svArthaparAyaNa bana jAtI hai| (kha) samAvannANa saMsAre nANAgottAsu jaaisu| 'kammA nANAvihA kaTTa puDho visaMbhiyA payA // 2 // egayA devalogesu naraesu vi egayA! egayA AsuraMkAyaM ahAkammehiM gcchii||3|| egayA khattio hoi, tao caaNddaal-bukso| taoM kIDa payaMgo ya, tao kuMthu pivIliyA // 4 // evamAvaTTa joNisu pANiNo kmmkidivsaa| na nivijjaMti saMsAre savvaDhesu va khattiyA // 5 // kammasaMgehiM sammUDhA dukkhiyA bhuveynnaa| amANusAsu joNIsu viNihammati pANiNo // 6 // kammANaM tu pahANAe ANupubbI kayAi ch| jIvA sohimaNupattA AyayaMti maNussayaM // 7 // -uttarAdhyayana a.3,gA.1 se 7 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

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62 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) phalataH sahayoga aura udAratA kI una sabhI pravRttiyoM kA anta ho jAtA hai, jinameM manuSya ko kucha tyAga aura kaSTa uThAnA par3atA hai| pariyAra aura samAja meM naitikatA ke prati anAsthA kA duSpariNAma naitikatA kI dRSTi se socA jAe to parivAra aura samAja kA RNa vyakti para kama nahIM hai| mAtA-pitA aura bujurgoM kI sahAyatA se vyakti kA pAlana-poSaNa hotA hai, vaha svAvalambI banatA hai; isa prakAra pitRRNa bhI hai| naitikatA kA takAjA hai ki pati-palI donoM meM se kisI ke prati aruci ho jAne para bhI usakI pichalI sadbhAvanA aura satkArya ke lie RNI rahane tathA nibAhane ko tatpara rahanA caahie| santAna ke prati mAtA-pitA ko aura santAna ko mAtA-pitA ke prati pUrNa vaphAdArI aura kartavyaniSThA rakhanA Avazyaka hai| manuSyamAtra meM apane jaisI hI AtmA samajhakara nyAya, nIti, ImAnadArI, sahAnubhUti aura sadbhAvanA rakhanI caahie| karmasiddhAnta naitikatA ke ina sUtroM ke anusAra AcaraNa karane, na karane kA sukhada-duHkhada phala prAyaH hAthoMhAtha batA detA hai| bhautikatAvAdI naitikatAviruddha atisvArthI ___naitikatA ke ina AdarzoM ke viruddha vartamAna bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha meM palane vAle loga sIdhA yoM hI kahane lagate haiM-"hameM parivAra se, samAja se yA mAtA-pitA se kyA matalaba? hama kyoM dUsaroM ke lie kaSTa saheM ? kyoM apane Apako vipatti meM DAleM ? Izvara, dharma, nIti, paraloka, karma, karmaphala, Adi saba DhoMga haiM; pU~jIpatiyoM aura unake ejeMToM kI bakavAsa hai| inako mAnane na mAnane se koI antA nahIM pdd'taa| inheM mAnane se koI bhautika yA Arthika lAbha nahIM hai|" isa anaitikatA kA dUragAmI pariNAma isa anaitikatA ke prabhAva kI kucha jhAMkI iMglaiNDa ke prakhyAta patra 'spekTeTara' meM kucha varSoM pUrva eka lekha meM dI gaI thii| usameM usa deza ke vRddha vyaktiyoM kI dayanIya dezA kA vivaraNa diyA thA ki "isa deza ke adhikAMza vRddhajana apanI asamartha sthiti meM santAna kI rattIbhara bhI sevA, sahAnubhUti nahIM paate| ataH ve isa prakAra karuNa vilApa karate haiM ki "he bhagavAn ! kisI taraha mauta A jAe to caina mile|" para unakI pukAra koI bhI nahIM suntaa| duHkhita-pIr3ita vRddhajanoM kA yaha varga drutagati se bar3hatA jA rahA hai|" vRddhoM dvArA AtmahatyA : unakI hI anaitikatA unheM hI bhArI par3I 'koronara' (landana) ke 'DaoNkTara milana' ko pichale dinoM 700 durghaTanAgrasta mRtazavoM kA vizleSaNa karanA pdd'aa| unameM eka tihAI AtmahatyA ke kAraNa mare the| ina AtmahatyA karane vAloM meM adhikAMza aise bUr3he loga the, jinheM binA kisI sahAyatA ke For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 63 jIvana-yApana bhArI par3a rahA thA aura unhoMne isa taraha riba-riba kara marane kI apekSA, nIMda kI adhika goliyA~ khAkara maranA adhika acchA samajhA; .....kyoMki vayaska hone ke bAda santAna ne unakI ora muMha mor3akara bhI nahIM dekhA thaa|" bUr3he abhibhAvakoM kI isa durgati kA kAraNa prAyaH ve svayaM hI haiN| unhoMne apane una bAlakoM ko abhizApa samajhakara apanI javAnI meM unake prati upekSA rkhii| na to svayaM bUDhoM ne usa samaya naitikatA rakhI aura na hI apane baccoM ko naitikatA ke saMskAra diye| unhoMne hI naitika ucchaMkhalatA ko janma diyA, vahI naitika ucchaMkhalatA unake bAlakoM meM avatarita huii| jo paramparA se pArivArika evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM unake isa anaitikatAyukta karma kA phala duHkha, vipatti, ekAkIpana, nIrasa, asahAya jIvana-yApana, vilApa Adi ke rUpa meM unheM aura unakI santAna ko dekhanA pdd'aa| jainakarmavijJAna yahI to batAtA hai| karmasiddhAnta para anAsthA aura avizvAsa lAkara jinhoMne apane jIvana meM nIti evaM dharma se yukta vicAra-AcAra para dhyAna nahIM diyA aura naitikatA ke sandarbha meM sAdhAraNa mAnavIya kartavya kI bhI upekSA kara dI, unheM una duSkarmoM kA phala bhoganA par3A aura unakI saMtAna ko bhI virAsata meM ve hI anaitikatA ke kusaMskAra mile| niSkarSa yaha hai ki zarIra ke sAtha hI apane jIvana kA anta mAnakara karmavijJAna ke siddhAnta ko vyartha kI bakavAsa mAnane vAle tathA naitikatA se rahita, anaitika AcaraNoM se yukta jIvana yApana karane vAle thake, hAre, bUr3he, ghise vyaktiyoM kI A~khoM meM AzA kI camaka kaise A sakatI hai ? aisI sthiti meM ve nirarthakatAvAdI bana jAe~ to koI Azcarya nhiiN| hippIvAda isI nIrasa nirarthaka jIvana kI niraMkuza abhivyakti hai| abhI isakA prArambha hai| karmavijJAna ke prati anAsthA jitanI prakhara hogI, utanA hI yaha krama ugra hotA jaaegaa| ho sakatA hai, isa nIrasatA evaM nirarthakatA kI Aga meM jhulasakara bhAratIya sabhyatA aura saMskRti bhI svAhA ho jaae| ___"vartamAna mAnava kA vizvAsa karmavijJAna se sambandhita AtmA, paramAtmA, svarga-narakAdi paraloka, dharma, karma, karmaphala, naitikatA, dhArmikatA Adi para se ukhar3atA jA rahA hai| AsthA kI ina jar3oM ke ukhar3ane se, zeSa sabhI aMgopAMga ukhar3a jAe~ge, isakA koI vicAra nahIM hai|" vartamAna meM vyakti ke cintana ko 'phrAyaDa' aura 'mArksa' donoM ne atyadhika prabhAvita kiyA hai| phrAyaDa ne vyakti kI pravRttiyoM evaM sAmAjika naitikatA ke bIca saMgharSa }. akhaNDajyoti mArca 1972 ke 'anAsthA hameM preta-pizAca banA degI' lekha ke AdhAra para pR. 18 1. akhaNDajyoti mArca 1972 ke 'anAsthA hameM preta-pizAca banA degI lekha se sAbhAra uddhRta, pR.18 1. akhaNDa jyoti mArca 1972 ke 'anAsthA hameM preta-pizAca banA degI' lekha ke AdhAra para pR.19 For Personal & Private Use Only

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64 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) evaM dvandva abhivyakta kiyA hai| usakI dRSTi meM 'saiksa' sarvAdhika pramukha ho gayA hai| isI ekAMgI aura nipaTa svArthI dRSTikoNa se jIvana ko vizleSita evaM vivecita karane kA pariNAma 'kInse riporTa ke rUpa meM sAmane aayaa| isa riporTa ne saiksa ke mAmale meM vartamAna manuSya kI manaHsthitiyoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai| .........saMyama kI sImAe~ TUTane lgii| bhoga kA atireka sAmAnya vyavahAra kA paryAya bana gyaa| jinake jIvana meM yaha atireka nahIM thA, unhoMne apane ko manorogI mAna liyaa| saiksa-kuNThAoM ke manorogiyoM kI saMkhyA bar3hatI gii| vAsanAtRpti hI jiMdagI kA lakSya ho gyaa| pAzcAtya jIvana evaM rajanIzavAda Adi ne isa Aga meM IMdhana kA kAma kiyaa| prema kA artha indriya-viSayabhogoM kI nidhi, nirmaryAda tRpti ko hI jIvana kA sarvasva sukha mAna liyaa| bhAryA ke liye 'dharmapatnI' zabda ne bhogapatnI' kA rUpa le liyaa| naitikatA ko dhatA batAkara pati-patnI prAyaH AdarzahInatA para utara Aye haiN| pAzcAtya jagat meM baccoM kI bhI gaNanA eka vipatti meM hone lagI hai| mA~-bApa unheM abhizApa' mAnane lage haiN| pati-patnImilana jaba naitikatA ko tAka meM rakhakara vizuddha kAmuka prayojana ke liye hI raha jAtA hai, taba kRtrima prajanana-nirodha, bhrUNahatyA yA garbhapAta meM koI doSa nahIM samajhA jaataa| isa anaitika karma ke phalasvarUpa strI ko kaI bImAriyA~ laga jAtI haiM; puruSa bhI atibhoga kA zikAra hokara anaitika karma kA daNDa kisI na kisI bImArI, vipatti yA arthahAni ke rUpa meM pAtA hai| pAzcAtya jagat kI taraha bhArata meM bhI yaha pracalana adhika hotA jA rahA hai| bacce jaba peTa meM Ate haiM yA janma lene lagate haiM, unake mA~-bApa kI kAmukavRtti kI pUrti meM bAdhaka banate haiN| phalataH peTa meM Ae hue baccoM se piNDa chur3Ane ke lie kRtrima prajanana-nirodha kA sahArA liyA jAtA hai| janme hue baccoM se bhI kaba, kisa taraha piNDa chUTe, isakI cintA unake mAtA-pitA ko hone lagI hai| saundarya ko hAni na pahu~ce isalie baccoM ko mAtA kA nahIM, botala kA dUdha pInA par3atA hai| kaI parivAroM meM to adhikAMza baccoM ke pAlana-poSaNa kI jhaMjhaTa se bacane ke lie unheM pAlana-gRhoM meM de diyA jAtA hai| paisA dekara isa jaMjAla se mA~-bApa chuTTI pA lete haiN| phira svacchanda ghUmane-phirane aura haMsane-khelane kI suvidhA ho jAtI hai| jaise hI bAlaka kamAU huA, pAzcAtya jagat meM mA~-bApa se usakA koI sambandha nahIM rhtaa| paza-pakSiyoM meM bhI to yahI prathA hai| ur3ane-carane lAyaka na ho tabhI taka mAtA unakI sahAyatA karatI hai| bApa to usa sthiti meM bhI dhyAna nahIM detaa| baccoM kI 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karma kA sAmAjika manda mAna se bhAvAMza pR. 289 For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 65 jIvana-rakSA ke lie yadi mAtA ke hRdaya meM naitikatA kI dRSTi se svAbhAvika mamatA na hotI to anAsthAvAna mAtAe~ baccoM kI sAra-saMbhAla karane meM ruci na letIM aura mAtA kI nigAha badalane para bApa to unakI ora A~kha uThAkara bhI na dekhtaa| naitikatA kI jagaha pAzavika vRtti le letI hai| jina mAtA-pitAoM kA dRSTikoNa baccoM ke prati pAzavika vRttiyukta ho jAtA hai, usa duSkarma kA pratiphala bur3hApe meM unheM bhugatanA par3atA hai| ve bacce bhI bur3hApe meM una durnIti abhibhAvakoM kI koI sahAyatA nahIM karate aura unheM kutte kI mauta marane dete haiN| Akhira ve jaba bUr3he hote haiM to unheM bhI apane baccoM se sevA yA sahayoga kI koI AzA nahIM rhtii| 'yAdRkkaraNaM tAdRkbharaNaM' isa karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra unakI anaitikatA kA phala unheM milatA hI hai| __pati-patnI ke jIvana meM prAyaH isa anaitikatA ne gaharA praveza pA liyA hai| vaivAhika jIvana kA uddezya kAmukatA kI tapti ho gayA hai| vezyA jisa prakAra zarIra saundarya, prasAdhana evaM sAja-sajjA se lekara vAkjAla taka ke rassoM se Agantuka kAmuka ko bAMdhe rahatI hai, vaisI hI durnIti ausata patnI ko prAyaH apane pati ke sAtha baratanI par3atI hai| jaba taka kAma-vAsanAtRpti kA prayojana khUbasUratI se calatA hai, taba taka vaha prAyaH patnI ko cAhatA hai| - Arthika lobha evaM svArtha kA dUsarA pahalU bhI vivAha ke sAtha jur3a gayA hai| prAyaH nipaTa svArthapUrNa anaitikatA kI isa zataraMja kA paryAya bana gayA hai-dAmpatya jIvana! eka ghara meM rahate hue bhI pati-patnI meM prAyaH avizvAsa kA daura calatA hai| vivAha ke pUrva Ajakala ke manacale yuvaka apane bhAvI sAthI ke sAtha jo lambe-caur3e vAyade aura hAvabhAva dikhAte haiM, ve santAna hone ke bAda prAyaH phIke ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra dAmpatya jIvana kI isa anaitikatApUrNa viDambanA kA jaba ghaTasphoTa hotA hai, taba nirAzA, duHkha aura saMkaTa hI hAtha lagatA hai| kyA pArivArika, kyA sAmAjika aura kyA rASTrIya jIvana meM paraspara avizvAsa, nipaTa-svArthAndhatA, AtmIyatA kA abhAva, nIti aura dharma se bhraSTa hone se vartamAna yuga kA mAnava prAyaH apane Apako ekAkI, asahAya aura dIna-hIna anubhava karatA hai| chala aura dikhAve kA, bAharI tar3aka-bhar3aka kA tAnA-bAnA bunate rahane se mana kitanA bhArI, cintita, vyathita, kSubdha aura ukhar3A-ukhar3A rahatA hai, yaha dekhA jA sakatA hai| sArA parivAra anaitikatA ke kAraNa Antarika udvegoM kI Aga meM maraghaTa kI citA banakara 1. akhaNDa jyoti mArca 1972 meM prakAzita 'anAsthA hameM preta-pizAca banA degI,' lekha se pR. 19 For Personal & Private Use Only

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66. karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) jalatA rahatA hai| Antarika nirAzA hara ghar3I khAtI rahatI hai| nazA pIkara gama gala karate rahate haiN| naitikatA kI jagaha bhautikatA ne le lI hai| svArtha-tyAga kA sthAna svArtha-sAdhana ne liyA hai| mAMsAhAra aura madyapAna ke pakSa meM yaha kutarka prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ki apa svAdiSTa bhojana aura peya kI apanI kSaNika lolupatAvaza pazu-pakSiyoM ko tathA apa parivAra ko bhayaMkara kaSTa sahanA par3atA hai, usakI hama kyoM cintA kareM ? jaba manuSya isa prakAra kA anaitika aura svArthapradhAna bana jAtA hai to usakA pratiphala bhI karma ke anusAra dera-sabera milatA hai / vaha dUsaroM kI suvidhA - asuvidhA kI, nyAya-anyAya kI, yA sukha-duHkha kI paravAha nahIM karatA / naitikatA aura dharma-karma ke prati anAsthA ke kAraNa pArivArikatA, kauTumbikatA aura sAmAjikatA kA DhAMcA lar3akhar3Ane lagA hai| jaba nIti niyama nahIM, dharma nahIM, AtmA-paramAtmA nahIM, karma nahIM, karmaphala nahIM, paraloka nahIM; to phira kartavya pAlana nahIM, svArthatyAga nahIM, naitikatA ke AdarzoM ke pAlana ke lie thor3I-sI asuvidhA bhI uThAne kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| isa 'nahIM' kI nAstikatA ne vyakti meM saMkIrNatA, pazutA aura anudAratA ko bar3hAvA diyA hai| naitikatA kA yA le-de ke vyavahAra kA bhI lopa hotA jA rahA hai| isa prabala anAsthA ke phalasvarUpa ucchRMkhala AcaraNa, svacchanda nipaTasvArthI evaM siddhAntahIna jIvana tathA aparAdhI pravRttiyoM ko AMdhI-tUphAna kI taraha bar3hatA dekhA jA sakatA hai| aisA parivAra, samAja aura rASTra narakAMgAra nahIM banegA to aura kyA hogA ?" karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra aisA anaitikatAyukta parivAra, samAja aura rASTra kaisA hogA ? kisake lie aura kitanA suvidhAjanaka hogA? isakI kucha jhAMkI jahA~-tahA~ dekhI jA sakatI hai| vartamAna kA mAnava azAnta kyoM hai ? isa para vizleSaNa karate hue DaoN. mahAvIra sarana jaina apane lekha meM likhate haiM- 2 "dhArmika cetanA evaM naitikatAbodha se vyakti meM mAnavIya bhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai| usakA jIvana sArthaka hotA hai / .. .. Aja vyakti kA dharmagata (naitika) AcaraNa para se vizvAsa uTha gayA hai| pahale ke vyakti kI AsthA jIvana kI nirantaratA aura samagratA para thI / vartamAna jIvana ke AcaraNa *dvArA apane bhaviSya ( ihalaukika aura pAralaukika jIvana) kA svarUpa nirdhArita hotA hai| isalie vaha vartamAna jIvana ko sAdhana tathA bhaviSya ko sAdhya mAnakara calatA thaa| 9. 2. akhaNDajyoti mArca 1972 pR. 18-19 se bhAvAMza 289 jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka, meM 'karma kA sAmAjika sandarbha' lekha se pR. For Personal & Private Use Only

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naitikatA ke sandarbha meM-karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA 67 "Aja ke vyakti kI dRSTi 'vartamAna' ko (tathA 'sva' ko) hI sukhI banAne para hai| vaha apane vartamAna ko adhikAdhika sukhI banAnA cAhatA hai| apanI sArI icchAoM ko isI jIvana meM tRpta kara lenA cAhatA hai| Aja kA mAnava saMzaya aura duvidhA ke caurAhe para khar3A hai| vaha sukha kI talAza meM bhaTaka rahA hai| dhana (yena-kena-prakAreNa) baTora rahA hai| bhautika upakaraNa jor3a rahA hai| vaha apanA makAna banAtA hai| AlIzAna imArata banAne ke svapna ko mUrtimAna karatA hai| makAna sajAtA hai| sophAseTa, vAtAnukUlita vyavasthA, (phrIja, reDiyo, TI.vI.) mahaMge parde, prakAza aura dhvani ke Adhunikatama upakaraNA evaM unake dvArA racita mohaka prabhAva; yaha saba usako acchA lagatA hai|" ___"jina logoM ko jiMdagI jIne ka nyUnatama sAdhana upalabdha nahIM ho pAte, ve saMgharSa karate haiN| Aja ve abhAva kA kAraNa, apane vigata (isa janma meM yA pUrvajanma meM pUrvakRta) karmoM ko na mAnakara (na hI apane jIvana meM nIti aura dharma kA AcaraNa karake azubhakarmoM ko kATakara, zubhakarmoM meM saMkramita karake) sAmAjika vyavasthA ko mAnate haiN| (svayaM apane jIvana kA sudhAra na karake, apane jIvana meM naitikatA aura dhArmikatA kA pAlana evaM puruSArtha na karake tathA saMyama aura sAdagI kA jIvana na apanAkara) kevala samAja se apekSA rakhate haiM ki vaha unheM jiMdagI jIne kI sthitiyA~ muhaiyA kraaye| yadi aisA nahIM ho pAtA to ce hAtha para hAtha dhara kara baiThane ke lie taiyAra nahIM haiN| ve sArI sAmAjika vyavasthA ko naSTa-bhraSTa kara dene ke lie betAba haiN|"1 - upayukta mantavya se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki karmasiddhAnta pUrvakRta karmoM ko kATane ke lie tathA azubha karmoM kA nirodha karane yA zubha meM pariNata karane ke lie jisa naitikatA evaM dhArmikatA (ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa Adi) ke AcaraNa kI bAta karatA hai, vaha jinheM pasaMda nahIM ve loga kevala hiMsA, saMgharSa, tor3aphor3a, anaitikatA evaM durvyasanoM Adi kA rAstA apanAte haiM, usakA phala to azAnti, hAya-hAya, becainI aura nArakIya jIvana tathA duHkhada anta ke sivAya aura kyA ho sakatA hai ? isase yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki karmasiddhAnta parivAra, samAja yA rASTra Adi meM naitikatA kA saMvardhana karane aura anaitikatA se vyakti ko dUra rakhane meM kitanA sahAyaka ho sakatA hai? ataH karmasiddhAnta ke ina niSkarSoM ko dekhate hue DaoN. jona mekeMjI kA yaha AkSepa bhI nirasta ho jAtA hai ki "karmasiddhAnta meM aise aneka karmoM ko bhI zubhAzubha phala dene vAlA mAna liyA gayA hai, jinheM sAmAnya naitikadRSTi se acchA yA burA nahIM kahA ... jaataa| 2 :. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM 'karma kA sAmAjika sandarbha' lekha se, pR. 289 . 2. hindU ethiksa pR. 218 For Personal & Private Use Only

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68 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isa AkSepa kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI sambhava hai ki DaoN. mekeMjI paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya AcAra-darzana ke antara ko spaSTa nahIM samajha paae| bhAratIya AcAradarzana karmasiddhAnta para AdhArita hai, vaha acche-bure, naitika-anaitika AcaraNa kA bheda spaSTa karake unakA ihalaukika-pAralaukika acchA yA burA karmaphala bhI batAtA hai| sAtha hI, vaha aneka prakAra kI dhArmika kriyAoM-upavAsa, dhyAna, samatAyoga, sAdhanA Adi ko, tathA saptakuvyasana-tyAga kA evaM mAnavatA hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke prati karuNA, dayA, AtmIyatA Adi ko naitika-AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vihita va anivArya mAnakara isake viparIta anaitikatA tathA krUratA, nirdayatA, amAnavatA Adi ko niSiddha mAnatA hai| usakA bhI zubhAzubha 'karmaphala' batAtA hai, jabaki pAzcAtya AcAra-darzana naitikatA ko sirpha mAnava-samAja ke pArasparika vyavahAra taka hI sImita karatA hai| vaha na to saptakuvyasanatyAga Adi naitika saMyamoM ko mAnatA hai, na hI mAnavetara prANiyoM ke prati AtmIyatA ko mAnatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai pAzcAtya jIvana meM anaitikatA aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke prati upekSA kA! yahI hai naitikatA ke sandarbha meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA ke vividha pahaluoM kA digdarzana! For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meMupayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna karmasiddhAnta kI upAdeyatA para nAnA AkSepa karmasiddhAnta vizvavyApaka hai, sArvajanIna hai| vaha atyanta kSudra ekendriya jIvoM se lekara paMcendriya jIvoM, tiryaMcoM, mAnavoM aura devoM taka ke jIvana ko atha se iti taka sparza karatA hai| pichale pRSThoM meM karmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA ke viSaya meM aneka yuktiyA~, prAmANika sUktiyA~ aura mahAn vItarAga puruSoM evaM sAdhakoM kI anubhUtiyA~ prastuta kI gaI haiN| itane saba pramANoM ke bAvajUda bhI jainakarmasiddhAnta kI upAdeyatA evaM upayogitA ke viSaya meM nAnA AkSepa haiN| unako yuktiyukta samAdhAna jaba taka nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka jainakarmasiddhAnta kI upayogitA saMzayAspada banI rahatI hai| ataeva yahA~ hama sAmAjika jIvana ke sandarbha meM isakI upayogitA ke bAre meM kiye gaeAkSepoM ko sa-samAdhAna prastuta kara rahe haiN| johana mekeMjI dvArA eka AkSepa aura usakA samAdhAna isa sandarbha meM eka AkSepa pAzcAtya AcAra-darzana ke viziSTa vidvAna johana maikeMjI ne kiyA hai| ve apanI pustaka 'hiMdU ethiksa' meM likhate haiM-"karma-siddhAnta meM lokahita ke lie uThAye gae kaSTa aura pIr3A kI prazaMsA nirarthaka hai|" . . isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki 'isa AkSepa se maikeMjI kA tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi karma-siddhAnta meM niSThA rakhane vAlA vyakti lokahita ke kArya karatA hai, to bhI prazaMsanIya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki vaha vastutaH lokahita nahIM, svahita hI kara rahA hai|...... karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra lokahita meM bhI svArthabuddhi hotI hai| ataH lokahita ke kArya prazaMsanIya nahIM mAne jA skte|"2 9. The doctrine of Karma makes our admiration of pain and suffering endured by men for the sake of others absurd. -Hindu Ethics (By John Makenzie M.A.)p.224 .2. jaina karma siddhAnta : tulanAtmaka adhyayana se,pR.32 For Personal & Private Use Only

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70 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isa AkSepa kA eka samAdhAna yaha hai ki Atmaupamya bhAva se, niSkAma buddhi se, yatanApUrvaka prazaMsA, prasiddha Adi kisI bhI ihalaukika-pAralaukika kAmanA se rahita niHsvArtha bhAva se kiye gae lokahita ke kArya pApabandha ke kAraNa nahIM bnte|' yadi ve kArya chadmastha yA pramatta sAdhaka dvArA kiye jAe~ge to unameM yatkiJcit prazastarAga hone se ve zubha (puNya) bandha ke kAraNa hoMge, aura yadi ve kArya vItarAga jIvanmukta vyakti dvArA kiye jAe~ge to unameM kisI prakAra kA rAgAdi yA kaSAya Adi kA aMza na hone se ve zuddha karma (akarma) kI koTi ke hoNge| isalie puNya karma hoM yA zuddha karma (akarma) ye donoM hI karma karmasiddhAnta kI vyAvahArika dRSTi se avazya hI karma-saMvara, karma-nirjarA yA karma-mukti ke kAraNa hone se prazaMsanIya haiN| kintu tuccha svArthabuddhi yA bure Azaya se kiye gae laukika-lokottara sabhI kArya pApakarma-bandhaka ho sakate haiN| jaina-karma-vijJAna-prarUpaka tIrthakara dIkSA grahaNa karane se pUrva eka varSa taka lagAtAra varSIdAna dete haiM, kyA yaha loka-hitakara karma prazaMsanIya nahIM hai ? ye sabhI lokahitakara kArya prazaMsanIya haiM - isake atirikta caturvidha saMgha kI sthApanA karanA, eka gA~va se dUsare gA~va vicaraNa karake bhavyajanoM ko upadeza denA, tathA unheM tapa, tyAga, niyama, vrata, pratyAkhyAna Adi karAnA, ye aura isa prakAra ke niravadya nirdoSa kArya (zuddha abandhaka karma) mAnava-samAja ko karmoM se mukta karAne, athavA kama se kama azubha karmoM se bacakara zubha karmoM meM pravRtta karane ke uddezya se hue haiM, hote haiN| jaise ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM cAritravidhi ke sandarbha meM kahA gayA hai-"sAdhaka eka ora se (azubha karma) se virati (nivRtti) kare aura eka ora se (zubha yA zuddha-abandhaka karma meM) pravRtti kre| arthAt-vaha asaMyama se nivRtti aura saMyama meM pravRtti kre|" vyavahAra-cAritra kA lakSaNa bhI jainAcArya ne yahI batAyA hai--"azubha kAryoM se vinivRtti 1. isake lie dekheM-dazavaikAlika sUtra 4/9-8 2. 'dIkSA grahaNa karane se pUrva pratyeka tIrthaMkara eka varSa taka varSIdAna dete haiN|' -kalpasUtra 3. (ka) caubvihe saMghe paNNatte, taM... samaNA, samaNIo, sAvagA, saaviyaao|" -sthAnAMga sUtra sthA.4, u. 4 sU. 605 (kha) ...... gAmANugAma duijjai, apaDibaddha vihAraM vihreii| For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 71 aura zubha kAryoM meM pravRtti ko cAritra smjho|" yaha karane yogya kArya (karma) hai, aisA jJAna karake akartavya kA tyAga karanA vyavahAracAritra hai|' __ina aura aise hI lokahita ke kAryoM kI preraNA tIrthaMkara, sarvajJa, kevalI yA unake anugAmI AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu-sAdhvI yA zrAvaka-zrAvikAgaNa dvArA bhI kI jAtI hai| ataH tIrthaMkaroM tathA unake anugAmI sAdhu-zrAvakoM dvArA kiye gae lokahitakArI kArya prazaMsanIya hI mAne jAte haiM; aprazaMsanIya nhiiN| rAyappaseNIya suttaM meM varNana AtA hai-sarvathA nAstika evaM krUrakarmA zvetAmbikAnareza pradezI nRpa ko Astika, zraddhAlu, ahiMsaka tathA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se ramaNIya banAne meM kezI zramaNa kI preraNA to thI hI, citta pradhAna ko bhI zreya kama nahIM hai| pradezI rAja ke Astika aura zraddhAlu bana jAne se sArI janatA ko sukha-zAnti aura dharma-preraNA milii| kyA yaha lokahitakArI prazaMsanIya kArya (karma) nahIM thA? ___isI prakAre brahmarSi jayaghoSa muni, harikezabala muni, saMyatIrAjarSi ke guru AcArya gardabhAlI munivara dvArA evaM anAthI muni dvArA kramazaH jAti-kula-zrutAdi madagrasta brAhmaNoM ko yajJajanita hiMsA kAryoM, madajanita pApa, tathA AkheTaparAyaNa saMyatIrAjA ko nirdoSa pazu-vadha chur3Akara evaM bAhyavaibhava se sanAtha hone kI magadha samrATa zreNika nRpa kI bhrAnti miTAkara unheM sanmArga para lagAnA kyA lokahitakara prazaMsanIya kArya nahIM hai? svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM cANDAla kulotpanna tapodhanI muni harikezabala kI Atmika Rddhi, tapasyA tathA anya kAryoM kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainazAstroM meM aise grAma, nagara, paTTana, nigama evaM rAjadhAnI Adi kSetroM ko dhanya evaM puNyazAlI batAyA gayA hai, jahA~ aise lokahitakArI, karttavya-nirdezaka, 1. (ka) egao viraI kujjA, egao ya pvttnnN| - asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pvttnnN|| (kha) "asuhAdo viNivitti, suhe pavitti ya jANa caarittN||" (ga) "kAyabvamiNamakAyavvayaM tti NAuNa hoi prihaaro||"" -uttarA. 31/2 -dravyasaMgraha sU.45 -bhagavatI ArAdhanA mU.9/45 .. 2. dekheM-rAyappaseNIya suttaM meM pradezI rAjA kA vrnnn| / 3. (ka) dekheM-uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 25,12,20 aura 18 . . (kha) sakkhaM khu dIsai tavoviseso na dIsaI jAi-visesa kovi| . sovAgaputtaM hariesaMsAhuM, jasserisA iddhi-mhaannubhaagaa|| -uttarAdhyayana a.12/37 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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72 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) dharma preraka dharmaguruoM, tIrthaMkaroM, zramaNa-zramaNiyoM tathA AcArya Adi dharma dhurandharoM ka padArpaNa hotA thaa|' mahAvratI anagAroM ko hI nahIM, lokahitaparAyaNa sAMsArika gRhastha viratAvirata zrAvakoM ko bhI sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM ekAnta uttama Arya sthAna (heya kAryoM se dUra rahane vAle uttama prazaMsanIya sthAna) kahe gae haiN|3| ___ sabhI tIrthaMkara janma se hI viziSTa avadhijJAnI hote haiN| jambUdvIpa prajJapti sUtra meM varNana hai ki dharma-karma se anabhijJa abodha yaugalika janatA (prajA) ke hita ke lie svayaM gRhasthAvasthA meM viziSTa avadhijJAnI Adi-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne asi, masi, kRSi Adi AryakarmoM, vividha vidyAoM, kalAoM, zilpoM Adi kA upadeza (prazikSaNa) diyA thaa| kyA unake dvArA kiye gae lokahitakArI kAryoM (karmoM) kI prazaMsanIyatA meM koI sandeha raha jAtA hai ? kadApi nhiiN| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM to spaSTa kahA gayA hai-"samasta jagat ke jIvoM kI rakSArUpa dayA ke lie bhagavAn ne pravacanoM kA sukathana kiyA!" isake atirikta jaina zAstroM meM yatra-tatra yaha vAkya bhI AtA hai ki bhagavAn ne amuka vyakti ko 'dhammokahio'-arthAt-usako yA usake lie dharma (abandhaka zuddha karma) kA pratipAdana kiyaa| yaha bhI lokahita kI dRSTi se prazaMsanIya mAnA jAtA hai| isake atirikta bhagavAn mahAvIra. ne laukika tathA lokottara hita kI dRSTi se grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma, saMgha-dharma tathA zruta-cAritrarUpa dharma Adi dazavidha dharmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ___ karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se ye laukika tathA lokottara dharma kramazaH puNya, saMvara aura nirjarA ke kAraNa hone se lokahitakAraka evaM prazaMsanIya kArya mAne jAte haiN| 1. dhannaNaM te gAmAgara- nagara..... rAyahANI.... 2. ArAt heyadharmebhya iti aaryH| 3. tatthaNaM jA sA savvato viratAviratI, esa ThANe AraMbhANAraMbhaThANaM, esa ThANe Ahie jAva sabda dukkhapahINamagge egaMtasamma saahuu| -sUtrakRtAMga zru.2 a.2 sU.716 4. (ka) "payAhiyAe uvdisii"| __ -jambUdvIpa prajJapti prathama vakSaskAra (kha) 'zasAsa kRSyAdiSu karmasu prjaaH|' -bRhatsvayambhUstotra 5. "savvajagajIva-rakkhaNa-dayaTThayAe pAvayaNaM bhagavayA sukhiyN|" -praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 6. "dasavihe dhamme paNNattetaM.. gAmadhamme, nagaradhamme raTThadhamme... suttacArita dhmme|" - sthAnAMga, sthAna 10 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 73 puNyakarmabandhaka kArya bhI prazaMsanIya mAne jAte haiM yadyapi paMcamahAvratadhArI, AjIvana sAmAyikavratI, sva-parakalyANasAdhaka sAdhuvarga hotA to lokahitakartA hI hai, parantu vaha svayaM apanI sAdhumaryAdA meM rahakara aise lokahitakara kArya karatA-karAtA hai, jo niravadya (niSpApa-nirdoSa) hoM, tathApi una lokahitakAryoM ke pIche chadmastha ke jIvana meM vItarAgadazA prApta na hone taka prazastarAga hotA hai, isalie chadmastha sAdhaka ke lie ve puNyakarmabandhaka haiM, pApakarmabandhaka nhiiN| ___ yadi ina kAryoM ke pIche tuccha svArtha, prasiddhi, Asakti, moha Adi kA puTa na ho to ye Age calakara karma-saMvara aura karma-nirjarA ke bhI kAraNa ho sakate haiM, bazarte ki sAdhaka sarvabhUtAtmabhUta ho, tathA samasta prANiyoM ke prati Atmaupamya bhAvanA se otaprota ho evaM AnavoM (hiMsA Adi) se nivRtta ho|' kintu puNyabandhaka tathA saMvara-nirjarAkAraka, ye donoM prakAra ke kArya prazaMsanIya haiN| lokahita ke nAma para kiye gae ye kArya prazaMsanIya nahIM jina kAryoM ke pIche mahArambha (mahAhiMsA), mahAparigraha, paMcendriyavadha ho, jinase samagra samAja kA kalyANa na ho, jinase prANivarga kA aniSTa ho, ahita ho, jinase vAstavika lokahita na hotA ho, jo kevala sAmpradAyika-jAtIya yA rASTrIya dveSa, IrSyA, pratispardhA, chala Adi durbhAvanAoM para AdhArita hoM, athavA jo kArya laukika tathA lokottara donoM dRSTiyoM se nindanIya tathA anaitika (nIti-dharma-viruddha) hoM, aise azubhakArya (duSkarma yA azubha karma) pApakarma-bandhaka haiN| isalie prazaMsanIya nahIM ho skte| jaina zrAvakoM ke AcAra ke sandarbha meM saptamavrata ke aticAroM meM 15 prakAra ke karmoM ko karmAdAna-kharakarma kahakara inheM zrAvaka ke lie tIna karaNa tIna yoga (kRta-kAritaanumodita rUpa se mana, vacana, kAyA) se tyAjya tathA ye jAnane yogya haiM, AcaraNa karane yogya nahIM haiM, aisA spaSTarUpa se kahA gayA hai| ataH ye vyavasAya bhale hI lokahitArtha hoM, kintu aneka jIvoM ke zoSaNa evaM utpIr3ana ke kAraNabhUta haiN| isalie ye nindanIya evaM tyAjya karma (vyavasAya) haiN| aura bhI lokahita ke nAma para viparIta prarUpaNA karanA, yathA-yajJa yA svarga ke yA devI-devoM ke nAma se pazuvadha (pazubali yA kurbAnI) karanA, sampradAyavRddhi, rAjyavRddhi 1. dekheM-dazavaikAlika 4/9 2. (ka) panarasa kammAdANAI jANiyavvAI, na samAyariyavvAIM,..tivihaM tiviheNaM pcckkhaai| -Avazyaka sUtra For Personal & Private Use Only

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74 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) athavA kisI jAti-kauma ke utkarSa Adi ke lobha se logoM ko ukasAnA, paraspara kalaha, saMgharSa yA dveSabhAva karAnA; samAja yA rASTra meM paraspara phUTa DAlanA, alagAva paidA karanA; dUsare dharma-sampradAya yA jAti-kauma ke prati dveSavaza, yA IrSyAvaza nindA, avamAnanA, athavA ghRNA karanA-karAnA; sArvajanika sampatti ko naSTa karanA-karAnA; tor3a-phor3a, AgajanI, rAhajanI yA daMgephasAda karanA-karAnA; ye aura aise kukarma kisI bhI dharma-sampradAya yA jAti-kauma athavA rASTra-prAnta kI ora se loka-hita ke nAma para kiye jAte hoM, pApakarmabandhaka hone se nindanIya haiN| zubhakarmabandhaka hote hue bhI ye kArya prazaMsanIya mAne jAte haiM parantu kaI kArya aise haiM, jo karmakSayakAraka nahIM haiM, kintu zubhAzaya se kiye jAne ke kAraNa puNyajanaka aura lokahita kI dRSTi se ve prazaMsanIya mAne jAte haiN| jaina karmavijJAna ne unheM 'annapuNNe' 'pANapuNNe', 'layaNapuNNe' Adi ke rUpa meM nau prakAra ke kAryoM ko puNyavandha ke kAraNa mAne haiN| isI sandarbha meM dharmazAlA, sArvajanika kUpa, bAvar3I Adi banavAnA, pyAU lagavAnA, annasatra kholanA, sArvajanika niHzulka cikitsAlaya, bhojanAlaya, yA vidyAlaya yA pustakAlaya calAnA, saMgha ke lie dharmasthAna banavAnA, ityAdi puNyakArya gRhastha varga ke dvArA zubha bhAvanA se kiye jAne para lokahitakara evaM prazaMsanIya hote haiN| kintu Arambha-parigrahatyAgI hone se mahAvratI sAdhuvarga ke lie ye kArya lokahitakara hote hue bhI anAcaraNIya hote haiN| gRhasthavarga pUrNatayA Arambha-parigraha tyAgI nahIM hotA, isalie vaha apanI zakti, buddhi tathA bhAvanA ke anusAra ina loka-hitakArI zubha kAryoM (puNya karmoM) ko karatA rahatA hai| ye kArya puNyabandhaka bhI aura kadAcit karmakSayakAraka bhI yaha nizcita hai ki zubha bhAvanA se kiye gaye ye kArya pApabandhaka nahIM hote, yA to ye puNyabandhaka hote haiM, yA phira niSkAmabhAva se kiye jAne para ye nirjarA (AMzika karmakSaya) ke kAraNa bhI bana sakate haiN| (kha) vratayet kharakarmA'tra malAn paJcadaza tyjet| TIkA-kharakarma = kharaM krUraM prANibAdhakaM karma vyaapaarm| -sAgAra dharmAmRta 21-23 (ga) yathA-'yajJArtha pazavaH sRssttaa.....|' vaidikI (yAjJikI) hiMsA hiMsA na bhvti|" inakI vyAkhyA ke lie dekhiye 'Amrava ke dvAra' nAmaka paMcama khaNDa 1) (ka) "annapuNNe, pANapuNNe, layaNapuNNe, sayaNapuNNe, vatthapuNNe, maNapuNNe, vacanapuNNe, kAyapuNNe, nnmokkaarpunnnne|" -sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 9 . (kha) puNya kI vistRta vyAkhyA paMcama khaNDa meM Asava ke sandarbha meM dekhiye| For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 75 jo kArya tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI AjJA meM hote haiM, ve to avazya hI prazaMsanIya evaM ArAdhanAjanita hone se mokSadAyeka bhI hote haiN| jo kArya puNyajanaka hote haiM, ve bhava-bhramaNa ke kAraNa hone se nizcayadRSTi se prazaMsanIya nahIM hote, kintu vyavahAradRSTi se lokavyavahAra meM prazaMsanIya hote haiN| dharma-mArga para car3hAne meM bhI ve kArya kadAcit upAdeya hote haiN|' pAramArthika dRSTi aura vyAvahArika dRSTi jaina karmavijJAna meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki pAramArthikadRSTi (nizcaya dRSTi) se koI bhI jIva yA ajIva dravya kisI dUsare kA hita yA ahita nahIM kara sakatA kintu cyavahAradRSTi se vaha dUsare ke hita, kalyANa yA upakAra meM nimitta bana sakatA hai| isI AdhAra para usake dvArA kiye gae lokahitakara kArya prazaMsanIya mAne jAte haiN| __hA~, karmasiddhAnta itanA avazya nirdeza karatA hai ki ina lokahitakArI prazaMsanIya kAryoM ko karate-karAte samaya vyakti prazaMsA, prasiddhi, yazakIrti, ihalaukika-pAralaukika kAmanAoM, vAsanAoM Adi se dUra rhe| arthAt dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAva Adi kI sAmUhika ArAdhanA-sAdhanA karate samaya bhI uparyukta doSoM se AtmA ko malina na kre| jainakarmasiddhAnta kA samAja saMracanA se sambandha anivArya ... jainakarma-vijJAna se anabhijJa kucha loga vartamAna rAjanaitika, samAja-vAdI yA sAmyavAdI vicAradhArA ke pravAha meM bahakara, isa para aisA AkSepa karate haiM ki."karmasiddhAnta kA sambandha vyaktigata jIvana se hai, samAja kI saMracanA se isakA koI sambandha nahIM hai|"3 __ aise loga yA to jaina dharma ke tIrthaMkaroM dvArA sthApita evaM susaMgaThita dharmatIrtha (dharmamaya samAja-saMgha) kI racanA yA sthApanA se bilakula anabhijJa haiM, athavA jAnate hue bhI yaha tathya unakI dRSTi se ojhala ho cukA hai| jainadharma ke pratyeka tIrthaMkara svayaM to cAra ghAtikarmoM (AtmaguNaghAtaka karmoM) kA sarvathA kSaya kara cukate haiM aura zeSa cAra aghAtikarmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie kaTibaddha hote haiN| ve dharmatIrtha (dharmamaya saMgha-samAja) 1. (ka) "AjJArAddhA virAddhA ca zivAya ca bhavAya c|'-ayogvyvcchedikaa kArikA (kha) 'ANAe mAmagaMdhamma'-AcArAMga 1/6/2 (ga) 'esA te siM ANa kajje sacceNa hetvv|" -bRhatkalpabhASya 2. (ka) "parasparopagraho jiivnaam|" -tattvArthasUtra a. 5 sU.21 (kha) 'jagat-kAya-svabhAvau ca sNvegvairaagyaarthm| vahI, a.7 sU.7 .. 3. jinavANI karma-siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karmasiddhAnta aura samAja racanA' lekha se pR.295 For Personal & Private Use Only

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76 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kI sthApanA karate haiM aura lAkhoM jijJAsu aura mumukSu bhavya nara-nAriyoM ko saMghabaddha tathA vratabaddha karate haiM, tAki ve mokSamArga (karmamukti ke patha-sAdhana) rUpa samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra evaM samyaktapa kI ArAdhanA-sAdhanA karake svayaM karmoM kA kSaya (nirjarA) athavA nirodha ( saMvara) kara skeN| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra Adi pratyeka tIrthaMkara karmakSayarUpa ratnatrayAtmaka dharma kI sAmUhika rUpa se ArAdhanA-sAdhanA. karA kara samAja kA jIvana nirmANa karate haiN| kyA yaha karmasiddhAnta kA samAja racanA se sambandha nahIM hai ? jaina zAstroM evaM dharmagranthoM meM yatra-tatra ullekha hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake anugAmI sAdhu zrAvaka varga ne samasta dharma-sampradAya, mata-patha, jAti, kauma, varNa-varga, tathA liMga aura veSa ke puruSoM aura mahilAoM ko apane dharmasaMgha meM sthAna diyA thaa| aura samyagdarzanAdi mokSamArga (karmamukti kA patha ) batA kara ahiMsA-satyAdi saddharmoM kA AcaraNa karake pUrvabaddha azubha karmoM kA kSaya karane aura naye azubha karmoM ko Ane se rokane kI sAmUhika rUpa se sAdhanA karane kA suavasara diyA thaa| jisake phalasvarUpa sAdhu-zrAvakavarga ke lAkhoM bhrara-nArI samasta karmoM kA kSaya karake siddha-buddha mukta hue| hajAroM vyakti apane zubhakarmoM, yA zuddha karmoM ke phalasvarUpa devaloka meM janma lekara ucca deva bane athavA manuSya loka meM janma lekara utkRSTa mAnava athavA sAdhu zrAvaka bne| kaI nara-nArI nIti-dharma kA zubhAcaraNa karake mArgAnusArI sadgRhastha bana kara sukha sampanna hue|' kyA yaha karmasiddhAnta-pratipAdita karma-mukti, karma- nirjarA, karma-saMvara, athavA puNya karma upArjana karane kA yA azubha karma ko zubha karma meM saMkramita karane kA samUhabaddha - saMghabaddha prayoga nahIM hai ? kyA ina saba tathyoM ko dekhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki karmasiddhAnta kA samAja saMracanA se koI sambandha nahIM hai ? samAja ke sAtha sambandha se hI karmakSaya yA nirodha kI sAdhanA hogI? kaI loga jaina karmasiddhAnta para yaha AkSepa karate haiM ki karma kA kevala vyaktigata jIvana se sambandha hai, sAmUhika jIvana ke sAtha nahIM / kintu ve yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki samAja ke sAtha samparka rakhe binA na to karmoM ko kSaya karane kA avasara AtA hai aura na hI ahiMsA, satya, kSamA, sevA, dayA, karuNA, mRdutA, RjutA Adi karma-saMvararUpa dharma kA 1. dekheM- (ka) kalpasUtra sukhabodhinI TIkA / (kha) samavAyAMga sUtra meM tathA uttarAdhyayana (a.36) meM ullikhita 15 prakAra ke siddha (mukta) hone kA ullekha dekheN| jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'vaiyaktika evaM sAmUhika karma' lekha se pR. 239 2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM - upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 77 AcaraNa siddha ho sakatA hai| samAjasevA, vinaya dharma, jIvadayA, Adi karmakSayakAraka AbhyantarataparUpa dharma kA AcaraNa kyA samAja, parivAra, rASTra yA samaSTi ke sAtha samparka hue binA ho sakatA hai ? karmasiddhAnta sAmAjika hI nahIM, sarvabhUtAtmabhUta banane kA preraka mahAtmA gAMdhI se kisI ne eka bAra kahA - "bApU! aba to svarAjya mila gayA hai, aba Apa himAlaya meM cale jaaie|" isakA uttara unhoMne karmakSayaprarUpaka tathA karmanirodha-pretipAdaka karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM bahuta hI vivekapUrvaka diyA thA - "yadi samAja himAlaya meM jAegA, to maiM bhI vahA~ calA jaauuNgaa| merI sAdhanA (ahiMsAdi dvArA karmakSaya kI sAdhanA) kI kasauTI to samAja ke bIca meM rahane para hI ho sakatI hai ? 9 2119 isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki samAja meM kisI duHkhI, pIr3ita, padadalita, abhAvagrasta evaM asahAya, rugNa, dIna-hIna ko dekhakara yadi mAnava karuNA, dayA yA sevA nahIM karatA, to vaha karmakSaya karane yA zubhakarma karane athavA niSkAma karma karane ke sundara avasara ko cUka jAtA hai| isI prakAra samAja sevaka yA sAdhaka kI koI nindA karatA hai, virodha, AkSepa, doSAropaNa yA prahAra Adi karatA hai, usa samaya vaha kSamA, samabhAva, zAnti (upazama), anudvignatA, akSobha, akrodha Adi nahIM karake krodha, ahaMkAra, azAnti, udvignatA, kalaha, ahaMkAra, kSobha Adi karatA hai yA mana meM lAtA hai, to vaha bhI karmakSaya karane ke sundara avasara ko cUka jAtA hai| ye donoM hI prakAra ke zubha avasara samAja ke samparka meM rahane para hI prApta hote haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki karmasiddhAnta vyakti ko sAmAjika, mAnavIya yA rASTrIya hI nahIM, sarvabhUtAtmabhUta banane tathA samasta jIvoM ko samabhAva se dekhane arthAtAtmaupamyabhAvapUrvaka socane-vicArane aura vyavahAra karane kI preraNA detA hai; tAki vaha karmoM ke AnavadvAroM ko banda karake kama se kama pApakarmabandha se dUra raha sake athavA karma-nirodha yA karmakSaya kara ske| Azaya yaha hai ki saMsAra ke samagra jIvoM ko mAnava samUha yA samagra prANisamUha ke sAtha tathA ajIva padArthoM ke sAtha vAstA par3atA hai yA eka yA dUsare prakAra se samparka hotA hai, usa samaya yAnI sacetana (jIva) aura acetana (jar3a - ajIva) padArthoM ke sAtha samparka 1. 'mahAdevabhAI kI DAyarI' se 2. dekheM- dazavaikAlika sUtra ke a. 4, gA. 9 " savvabhUyapyabhUyassa samaM bhUyAI pAsao.......!" For Personal & Private Use Only

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78 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ke samaya vyakti ko kisa prakAra kA cintana-manana, uccAraNa, vicAra yA vyavahAra karanA cAhie jisase karmakSaya yA karmanirodha ho sake, athavA kama se kama azubha (pApa) karmoM ke bandha se bacA jA sake, ise karmasiddhAnta pada-pada para batAtA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM spaSTa kahA hai-sAdhaka pratyeka kadama phUMka-phUMka kara zaMkA karatA huA cale ki aisI caryA karane se pAza (pApakarma kA) bandha to nahIM hogaa| isI kAraNa yatanA (sAvadhAnI yA viveka) ke sAtha pratyeka caryA karane kI hidAyata dI gaI hai|" tAki pApa karma kA bandha na ho| jo jIva karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se isa prakAra kA viveka-vicAra nahIM karate yA nahIM kara pAte; athavA jo karmakSaya yA karmanirodha ke avasara para vivekamUr3ha hokara karmabandha yA karmAnava kara lete haiM, ve aneka azubha karmoM se lipta ho jAte haiN| unake lie uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai-"una paMcurakarmoM ke lepa se lipta jIvoM ko sambodhi (samyak bodha) prApta honA atIva durlabha ho jAtA hai|'2 samAjasevA : AtmasAkSAtkAra kI sIr3hI kA prathama pASANa yadyapi DaoN. dayAnanda bhArgava ke anusAra-"jIvana kA parama sAdhya AdhyAtmikaAtmasAkSAtkAra hai, na ki smaaj-sevaa| kintu samAja-sevA bhI AdhyAtmika AtmasAkSAtkAra kI sIr3hI kA prathama patthara hI siddha hotI hai|"3 / karma ke nirodha-kSayarUpa dharma kI sAdhanA kI kasauTI bhI samAja-saMparka tAtparya yaha hai ki samAjasevA bhI samAja-samparka se hotI hai| aura samAja (yAnI samAja ke antargata parivAra, jAti, dharmasaMgha, rASTra Adi) ke samparka meM Ane para hI vyakti kI kAma, mada, rAga, dveSa, krodha, ahaMkAra, moha, Adi kaSAyoM-vikAroM kI mandatA, kSINatA, samatA, kSamA, dayA, mRdutA, saralatA, satyatA, ahiMsA Adi dvArA karmanirodha (saMvara) evaM karmakSaya- (nirjarA) rUpa dharma kI sAdhanA kA patA lagatA hai ki vaha kitanI mAtrA meM saphala huI hai ? ahiMsA, satya Adi dharmoM kI sAdhanA aura usakI kasauTI bhI samAja ke samparka meM Ane para hI ho sakatI hai| 1. (ka) dekheM-jayaM care jayaM cir3he... pAvakammaM na baMdhai, -dazavakAlika a.4 gA.8kA Azaya (kha) care payAI parisaMkamANo, je kiMci pAsa iha mnnbhaanno|" -uttarAdhyayana a.4 gA.7 2. "bahukammalevalittANaM bohI hoI sudullahA tesiN|" - uttAdhyayana.a.8/15 3.. jaina ethiksa, pR.30 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 79 zubha aura zuddha karmoM ke arjana ke lie hI samAja Adi kA nirmANa kiyA gayA yahI kAraNa hai ki Adi tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke yuga meM jaba taka loga akarmabhUmika rahe, taba taka ve yaugalika rUpa meM vyaktivAdI hI rahe, kevala apane hI khAne-pIne, rahane-sahane kI cintA taka hI ve sImita the| unakA na to koI parivAra hotA thA, na hI samAja, rASTra, grAma, nagara, gaNa, jJAti Adi koI thA, yugapat eka bAlaka yugala ke sivAya aura koI santAna nahIM hotI thii| unake bhI pAlana-poSaNa, zikSA-dIkSA, Adi kA koI bhAra una para nahIM hotA thA, kyoMki eka jor3A paidA hote hI, use janma dene vAlA pahalA jor3A (yugala) mara jAtA thaa| navotpanna yugala kA prakRti se hI pAlana-poSaNa hotA thaa| zikSaNa-saMskAra, sabhyatA, saMskRti, dharma-karma Adi kA to nAmonizAna hI na thaa| vana meM hI nizcinta hokara rahate aura eka jor3e ko janma dekara cala bste| na kabhI saMgharSa, na hI tU-tU-maiM-maiM, na koI vyApAra-dhaMdhA, na hI kamAne-khAne kI cintaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki usa samaya taka dharma, nIti, samAja racanA, sabhyatA, saMskRti Adi kA astitva nahIM ___ bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne unheM dharmanIti, karma-akarma, kartavya-akartavya, sabhyatAsaMskRti Adi kI zikSA-dIkSA dii| samAja racanA kii| unheM sva-sva yogyatA ke anusAra pRthak-pRthak karma batA kA vyApaka samAja kI sevA karane hetu cAra varSoM meM samAja ko vargIkRta kiyaa| dharma-karma bhI btaayaa| kintu yaha saba batAyA karma-siddhAnta ko maddenajara rakhakara hii| isa tathya ko unhoMne sadaiva dRSTigata rakhA ki yaha navodita samAja zuddha karma (abandhaka karma) rUpa yA saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma kA pAlana kre| sahaastitva evaM sahayoga kA maMtra bhI karmakSaya yA zubhakarmArjana ke lie ..parantu parivAra, varNa (varga), samAja yA saMgha ke sAtha vyavahAra meM kahIM saMgharSa, kalaha, dveSa, IrSyA, krodhAdi kaSAya Adi se prerita hokara azubha karma na kara baiTheM, zubha karma kareM, sAmUhika rUpa meM sabake sAtha mila-julakara maitrIbhAva se raheM, eka-dUsare kI sevA, sahayoga saha-astitva sahAnubhUti ke AdhAra para jiieN|' isake lie tIna varSoM meM samAja ko saMgaThita kiyaa| 1. (ka) dekheM-kalpasUtra, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, usahacariyaM Adi meM bha. RSabhadeva kA critr| lekhaka kA ___RSabhadeva : eka parizIlana grantha (kha) 'svaM svaM caritraM zikSeran pRthivyAM srvmaanvaaH| (ga) 'mittI me savvabhUesu vera majjha na kennii|' -Avazyaka sUtra (gha) 'appaNA saccamesejjA, mettiM bhUyAI kppe|' -uttarA. 6/2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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80 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA saha-astitva Adi ke sAtha sAmAjika jIvana jIne kA yaha svara unake anugAmI RSiyoM meM pratidhvanita huaa| unhoMne sarvabhUta-maitrI evaM vizvabandhutva ke sandarbha meM samAja ko ye mUlamaMtra diye the-"hama saba eka dUsare kI rakSA kareM, samasta sAdhanoM kA sAtha-sAtha (mila-julakara) upabhoga kareM, sAtha-sAtha parAkrama (puruSArtha) kareM, hamArA adhyayana tejasvI ho, hama paraspara dveSa na kreN| ___isake atirikta dharmamaya samAja racanA ke sandarbha meM eka sAtha, zubhakarma ke sAtha . jIne kI preraNA dete hue unhoMne kahA-"tuma saba milakara sAtha-sAtha calo, sAtha-sAtha milakara eka dUsare ke sAtha bolo, tuma eka dUsare ke diloM ko jaano| "tumhArA manana karane kA tarIkA-maMtra samAna ho, tumhArI goSThI-vicAragoSThI yA samiti (sabhA) eka ho, tumhArI pyAU-jala pIne kA sthAna eka ho, tumhAre citta meM dUsaroM ke sukha-duHkha meM sahayoga ke sAtha jIne kI bhAvanA ho|"3 mahArASTra ke saMta tukArAma ne bhI RSiyoM ke svara meM svara milAte hue sahayogapUrvaka jIne kI preraNA dete hue kahA-"hama loga paraspara eka dUsare kI sahAyatA kareM aura sabhI eka sumArga para cleN|" bhagavadgItA meM bhI saha-astitva evaM saha-sukarma kI bhAvanA kI preraNA hai-"tuma loga paraspara sahayoga ke sAtha jIne kI bhAvanA rakhate hue parama zreya (dharma) ko prApta kara skoge|"5 nipaTa svArtha Adi kI saMkIrNa bhAvanA se hI rAga-dveSa-kaSAyAdi kA prAdurbhAva ___karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to yaha tathya spaSTa pratIta ho jAtA hai ki rAga, dveSa yA kaSAya kA prAdurbhAva vyaktigata yA apane hI nipaTa svArtha kA, ahaMkAra aura IrSyA kA, apane hI astitva kA, apane hI sukha-duHkha kA, yA apane hI jIne kA vicAra karane se hotA hai, parantu ve hI vyakti jaba sAmUhika rUpa se samAjabaddha, -upaniSad -upaniSad 1. (ka) "mitrasya cakSuSA sarvabhUtAn smiikssaamhe|" (kha) 'saha nAvavatu, saha nau bhunaktu, saha vIryaM karavAvahai, tejasvinAvadhItamastu, yA vidvissaavhai|" 2. "saMgacchadhvam saMvadadhvam saM vo manAMsi jaantaam|" 3. "samAno maMtraH, samitiH samAnI, samAnI prapA, shcittmessaam|" 4. "ekamekA sAhya karU~, avadhe dharu supNth|" 5. "parasparaM bhAvayantaH zreyaH prbhvaapsyth|" --saMta tukArAma bhakta - bhagaH gItA 3/11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 81 parivArabaddha, rASTrabaddha hokara zubha yA zuddhakarma ke anusAra calane aura pUrvokta saha-astitva kI preraNAoM ke anusAra jIne kA upakrama yA parAkrama karate haiM to svAbhAvika hai ki rAga, dveSa, moha, kaSAya Adi manda-mandatara hote jaaeNge| bazarte ki vizva-maitrI kA maMtra sAmane rakhA jAe; rAga, dveSa, moha Adi kA bhAva na Ane diyA jAe, kyoMki aisA karane se azubha (pApa) karma kA bandha hotA hai| azubha karmabandha se bacAne ke lie sarvabhUtamaitrI kA maMtra yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina karmavijJAna-marmajJa tIrthaMkaroM aura RSi-muniyoM ne kevala eka samAja, jAti, parivAra, nagara, dharma-sampradAya, saMgha, yA rASTra Adi ke prati moha, mamatva yA rAgabhAva rakhakara vyakti yA samAja azubha karmabandha na kara baiThe, isa dRSTi se vizvavyApI saha-astitva kA yAnI samasta prANiyoM ke prati AtmIyatA kA mUlamaMtra diyA-"merI sarva prANiyoM ke sAtha maitrI hai, kisI ke sAtha vaira-virodha nahIM hai|" "he paramAtmadeva! merI AtmA sadaiva prANimAtra para maitrIbhAva, guNijanoM ke prati pramoda bhAva, kaSTa pIr3ita duHkhI prANiyoM ke prati karuNAbhAva aura viparIta vRtti-pravRtti vAle prANiyoM ke prati upekSAbhAva rkheN| aisA karane se rAga-dveSa,kaSAya Adi svataH manda-mandatara hoMge, tathA pApakarma-azubhakarma kA bandha nahIM hogaa| isIlie dazavaikAlika sUtra meM isI tathya kI ora iMgita kiyA hai ki "sarvabhUtAtmabhUta banakara jo samasta prANiyoM ko samabhAva se dekhatA hai aura hiMsAdi . Anava-dvAroM ko banda kara detA hai, usake pApakarmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotaa|"2 - tIrthaMkaroM dvArA dharmamaya tIrtha-sthApanA yA saMgharacanA kA mUla uddezya yA prayojana bhI yahI thA ki saMghabaddha hokara jIne se mAnava zuddhopayoga (dharma-zuddhakarma) meM yA kama se kama zubhopayoga (zubhakarma) meM jIvana jiiegaa| pApa (azubha) karma aura usake kaTuphala se baca karmavijJAna-prerita Atmaupamya siddhAnta vyakti ko samAja evaM samaSTi se jor3atA hai . .isa sambandha meM paM. sukhalAlajI likhate haiM-"Atma-samAnatA ke siddhAnta ke anusAra vicAra kareM yA AtmAdvaita ke siddhAnta ke anusAra vicAra kareM, eka bAta to 1. (ka) mittI me savvabhUesu veraM majjha na kennii|" -Avazyaka sUtra (kha) sattveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpaaprtvm| mAdhyasthyabhAvaM viparIta vRttau, sadA mamA'tmA vidadhAtu dev|" -amitagati sAmAyikapATha 1 2. sabvabhUyappabhUyassa samaM bhUyAI paaso| pihiAsavassa daMtassa pAvakammaM na bNdhi|| -dazavai.4/9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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82 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) sunizcita hai ki koI vyakti (bhale hI sAdhu ho) samUha se bilakula alaga na to hai auraca hI usase alaga raha sakatA hai| eka vyakti ke jIvana-itihAsa ke lambe paTa para najara daur3Akara vicAra kareM to hameM turaMta dikhAI degA ki usake Upara par3e hue aura par3ane vAle saMskAroM meM pratyakSa yA parokSarUpa se dUsare asaMkhya vyaktiyoM ke saMskAroM kA hAtha hai aura vaha vyakti jina saMskAroM kA nirmANa karatA hai, ve bhI kevala usameM hI maryAdita na rahakara samUhagata anya vyaktiyoM meM pratyakSa yA paramparA se saMcarita hote rahate haiN|......" Age ve likhate haiM-"...tattvajJAna bhI isI anubhava ke AdhAra para kahatA hai ki vyakti, vyakti ke bIca cAhe jitanA bheda dikhAI de, phira bhI pratyeka vyakti kisI eka aise jIvana-sUtra se otaprota hai ki usake dvArA ve saba vyakti Asa-pAsa eka dUsare se jur3e hue jaina karmavijJAna kA rahasya na samajha pAne se vyaktivAda kI bhrAnti yahA~ taka to paNDitajI ke vicAra ThIka haiN| parantu isase Age ve svayaM jaina karmavijJAna ke vyaktivAdI hone kA kAraNa prakaTa karate haiM-"duHkha se mukta hone ke vicAra meM se hI, usakA kAraNa mAne gaye karma se mukta hone kA vicAra paidA huaa| aisA mAnA gayA ki karma, pravRtti yA jIvana-vyavahAra kI jimmedArI svayaM hI bandhanarUpa hai, jaba taka usakA astitva hai, taba taka pUrNa mukti sarvathA asambhava hai| isI dhAraNA meM se paidA huA karmamAtra se nivRtti kA vicaar...| parantu isa vicAra meM jo doSa thA, vaha dhIre-dhIre sAmUhika jIvana kI nirbalatA aura lAparavAhI ke rAste se prakaTa huaa|.... sAmUhika jIvana kI kar3iyA~ TUTane aura asta-vyasta hone lgiiN|....."2 karmavijJAna kA rahasya ThIka na samajha pAnA bhI ina vaiyaktika vicAroM ke lAbhAlAbha kA kAraNa hai| pichale pRSThoM meM hamane yaha bhalIbhAMti siddha kara diyA thA ki karmavijJAna-marmajJa tIrthaMkaroM aura unake anugAmI sAdhakoM ne Atmavat sarvabhUteSu, vizvamaitrI, yA Atmaupamya ke siddhAnta ko maitrI, karuNA, pramoda evaM mAdhyasthya ke sahAre vyAvahArika jIvana meM utArane kI bAta kahI hai; arthAt prANimAtra ke prati AtmIyatA kI bAta kahI hai| mAnavamAtra ke sAtha Atmaupamya tathA vizvamaitrI-vizvavAtsalya kI bhAvanA ko sAkAra karane ke lie grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma, saMghadharma, gaNadharma, zrutacAritradharma Adi naitikatApradhAna evaM AdhyAtmikatA-pradhAna dharmoM ke pAlana kI bAta kahI hai| dharmasaMghoM kI racanA bhI isI uddezya se huI hai| 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika karma,' lekha se pR. 238-239 2. vahI, pR. 239 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM-upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 83 jaina karmavijJAna dvArA AtmaupamyabhAva se yatnAcArapUrvaka caryA karane kI preraNA parantu bhrAnti yaha ho gaI ki karmamAtra ko, pravRttimAtra yA kriyAmAtra ko karmabandhana kA kAraNa mAna liyA gayA, jaba ki hama 'karma ke virAT svarUpa' (tRtIya khaNDa) meM yaha bhalIbhAMti samajhA Ae haiM ki jIva jaba taka saMsArI hai, taba taka, cAhe vaha kevalajJAnI, vItarAga yA jIvanmukta tIrthaMkara bhI ho jAe; taba bhI use karma (pravRtti yA kriyA) to karane hI pdd'eNge| parantu unakI, yA yatanApUrvaka AtmaupamyabhAva se, arAgadviSTa hokara caryA karane vAle sAdhaka kI kriyA se sAmparAyika Asrava (karmAgamana) nahIM hotA, kevala IryApathika Amnava hotA hai, jo karmabandha kA vAstavika kAraNa nahIM hai| bandha bhI hai to nAmamAtra kA, pahale samaya meM baddha-spRSTa hotA hai, dUsare samaya meM vedana karatA hai aura tIsare samaya meM nirjIrNa hokara jhar3a jAtA hai|' gRhastha-jIvana meM to pratyeka karma karanA hI par3atA hai, sAdhu-jIvana meM bhI AhAra-pAnI, bhikSA, svAdhyAya, vihAra, nihAra, guru yA bar3oM kI sevA, rogI yA vRddha sAdhu kI sevA Adi pravRttiyA~ bhI karanI par3atI haiN| yahA~ taka ki saMgha kI unnati ke lie saMghabaddha pratyeka vyakti ko dharmadhyAna, dharmAcaraNa, mokSamArga, tapa, tyAga, niyama Adi meM pravRtti kI preraNA bhI karanI par3atI hai| ___ parantu yaha saba karate hue bhI vahA~ yalAcAra, anAsakti, rAgadveSa- mandatA, vItarAgatA yA kaSAyanivRtti athavA kaSAyavijaya, Adi sUtroM ko dhyAna meM rakhane kI bAta kahI gaI hai, tAki pApa karma kA bandha na ho| jaba taka chadmastha hai, taba taka puNya karma kA bandha sarvathA chUTa nahIM sktaa| isIlie sAdhaka ko pratikSaNa apramatta evaM sAvadhAna hokara caryA karane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| apane dharmasaMgha, arihaMta-siddha deva evaM nirgrantha guru ke prati bhakti, anurAga evaM pravacana bhakti, vAtsalya, dayA, karuNA,anukampA Adi prazastarAgamUlaka vyavahAra kI bhI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| parantu dUsarI ora jahA~, utkaTa rAga, moha, Asakti, vyaktigata svArtha, ahaMkAra, lobha Adi kA prasaMga ho, yA dUsare ke anucita vyavahAra ko dekhakara krodha, roSa, IrSyA, veSa, kSobha, azAnti yA udvignatA kA prasaMga ho, vahA~ ina donoM se dUra, taTastha evaM samabhAva meM lIna rahane kI bAta bhI kahI gaI hai| 1. (ka) "sakaSAyA'kaSAyayoH saampraayikryaapthyo|" (kha) uttarAdhyayana a.29,71vA~ bola -tattvArtha sUtra a. 6 sU.5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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84 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isakA matalaba hai-eka ora se vyaktigata jIvana ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie samatA, kSamAdi dazavidha dharma, samyagdarzanAdi ratnatrayarUpa dharma, tapasyA, sAmAyika Adi kI sAdhanA karanI cAhie, vahA~ dUsarI ora se inake aviveka, yazakIrti, ihalaukika pAralaukika viSayAkAMkSA-kAmanA, (niyANA) arthalAbha, sAdhanalAbha, garva, bhIti, prazaMsA, prasiddha, vAhavAhI,Adi vikRtiyoM (aticAroM) se bhI dUra rahane kA sujhAva padapada para diyA hai, tAki karmakSayakAraka pravRttiyoM meM malinatA Ane se ve karmabandhaka na bana jaaeN| jaisA ki sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai-"cAhe vyakti nagna rahe, mAsa-mAsa taka anazana kare, aura zarIra ko sukhA DAle, kintu yadi aMdara meM mAyA, kapaTa evaM dambha karatA hai to vaha janma-maraNa ke ananta cakra meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai|"2 __ dUsarI ora, samAja aura samaSTi ke prati maitrIbhAva evaM Atmaupamya dRSTi rakhane ke sAtha-sAtha unake sAtha vyavahAra yA samparka meM kahIM tIvra rAga, Asakti, utkaTa moha, mamatva, gRddhi Adi bhAva na A jAe~, tathA samAja ke vibhinna ghaTakoM ke prati vyavahAra yA samparka meM IrSyA, ghRNA, dveSa, durbhAva, ahaMkAra, mada, tiraskAra Adi kI bhAvanA na A jAe-isakA pUrA dhyAna pada-pada para rakhane kA nirdeza karmavijJAna karatA hai| aisI sAvadhAnI na rakhane para karma se mukta hone yA zubhakarmayukta hone ke badale vyakti pApa karmabandha se yukta ho jAtA hai| ucca sAdhaka ke lie bhI samAja-samaSTi ke prati AtmIyatA ke sAtha taTasthatA Avazyaka udAharaNArtha- kisI jIva kI rakSA karane, usa para anukampA karane, koI mAratA ho to use bacAne tathA jIvadayA karane kI bAta ucca sAdhaka kI maryAdA meM hai| parantu phira usa jIva ke prati moha, Asakti yA rAgabhAva lAkara use papolanA, pAlanA-posanA yaha usake lie azubha karmabandhakAraka ho jAtA hai| 1. (ka) dekheM -saMsaya-rosa-aviNau- avahumANa / sAmAyika ke 10 mAnasika doSa aviveka-jaso-kittI, lAbhatthI gvv-bhy-niyaanntthii| (kha) dekheM- tapasyA aura paMcavidha AcAra (dharmAcaraNa) meM ihaloka-paraloka- sambandhI AkAMkSA, viSayavAsanA, kAmanA, nAmanA Adi se bacane kA nirdeza, -dazavaikAlika a.9, u.4 meM tapaH samAdhi aura AcAra-samAdhi kA vrnnn| (ga) dekheM- paMcamahAvratoM tathA zrAvaka ke 12 vratoM ke aticAroM (doSoM) se bacane kA nirdeza ___ Avazyaka sUtra meN| 2. "jaI vi ya NagiNe kise care, jaivi ya bhuMje maasmNtso| je iha mAyAI mijjaI, AgaMtA gddbhaay'nnNtso||" -sUtrakRtAMga zru.1, a.2, u.1, gA.9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM-upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 85 bhAgavata purANa meM jar3a bharata kA AkhyAna AtA hai ki gaNDakI nadI ke kinAre eka mRga zizu ko usakI mAtA ke mara jAne se tar3aphate dekha, ve vaiSNava sAdhu kI maryAdAnusAra use apane Azrama meM le aae| vahA~ usake khAne-pIne kA prabandha kara diyaa| parantu isase Age bar3hakara ve AsaktipUrvaka bAra-bAra use papolate, use khelAte, usakI krIr3A dekhakara mana hI mana prasanna hote, AsaktipUrvaka usako goda meM lete| isa prakAra kI Asakti ke kAraNa unakI dhyAna, dharmasAdhanA chUTa gii| phalataH ve marakara usa Asakti ke kAraNa mRga yaha AkhyAna batAtA hai ki prANimAtra ke prati AtmIyatA rakhate samaya ucca sAdhaka ko rAgadveSavarddhaka yA tIvra kaSAyavarddhaka pravRttiyoM se sadaiva dUra rahanA caahie| arthAt usameM AtmIyatA aura taTasthatA kA pUrA viveka honA caahie| karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se tIrthaMkaroM ne isI tathya ko samajhAyA hai| gRhastha-jIvana meM AtmIyatA aura taTasthatA kA viveka gRhastha-jIvana meM bhI AdhyAtmikatA aura sAmAjikatA kA samanvaya karake calane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| sadagRhastha kA kartavya hai ki vaha prANimAtra ke prati AtmIyatA evaM maitrI rakhate hue bhI, tathA lokavyavahAra meM apane parivAra, saMgha, rASTra Adi ke prati kartavya dharma kA pAlana kare, kintu jahA~ apane mAne hue, parivAra saMgha, rASTra Adi meM anyAya, atyAcAra, adharma, pApAcAra Adi kA daura cala rahA ho, vahA~ vaha usakA samarthana na kre| ho sake to samajhA-bujhAkara aniSToM ko dUra karane tathA pApAcaraNa ko miTAne kA prayatna kre| agara koI viparIta vRtti kA vyakti yA samUha usakI bAta na mAnatA ho to madhyastha-taTastha rhe| AtmIyatA ke sAtha taTasthatA kA viveka bhI sUtrakRtAMga meM jagat ke samasta prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva evaM AtmaupamyabhAva rakhane vAle vyakti ko AtmIyatA ke sAtha taTasthatA kA nirdeza karate hue kahA gayA hai-"jagat ko jo samabhAva se dekhatA hai, vaha na kisI kA priya (Asakti pUrNa vyavahAra) karatA hai, na hI kisI kA apriya (dveSa pUrNa vyavahAra) karatA hai|" isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue AcArAMga meM batAyA gayA hai ki "ajJAnI asamyagdRSTi jIva apane mAtA-pitA, putra-putrI, putravadhU, svajana sambandhiyoM meM atyadhika Asakta rahatA hai| unake lie nAnA pApakarma, krUrakarma karake dhana kamAtA hai, sAdhana juTAtA hai, parantu usa dhana ko yA to bhAgIdAra bAMTa lete haiM, yA cora usakA haraNa kara lete hai, athavA zAsaka (sarakAra) use chIna letA hai, athavA Aga lagane se vaha jala jAtA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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86 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) isa prakAra vaha mUrkha dUsaroM ke lie krUra karma karatA huA, usa dhana-nAza, ArtadhyAna Adi se utpanna duHkha se (ghora pApakarmabandha se) mUr3ha banakara viparyAsa ko prApta hotA hai|'' : isIlie AgamoM meM dayA Adi AtmIyatAyukta vyavahAra karane se pahale 'jJAna' (viveka) ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| AtmatulyatA kI bhAvanA kA vividha pahaluoM se nirdeza jaba prANimAtra ko Atmatulya samajhA jAegA to usakI hiMsA ko apanI hiMsA, usakI vedanA yA pIr3A ko apanI vedanA yA pIr3A samajhA jaaegaa| isI tathya ko ma. mahAvIra ne mArmika DhaMga se ujAgara kiyA hai AcArAMga sUtra meM-"tU vahI hai, jise tU. mAranA cAhatA hai, jise tU kaThora rUpa se zAsita karanA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai; jise tU paritApa denA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai; jise tU nigRhIta karake vaza meM karanA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai; jisako pratAr3ita evaM bhayabhIta karanA (DarAnA,dhamakAnA) cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI isakA Azaya yaha hai ki svarUpa kI dRSTi se tere jaisI hI cetanA, anubhUti evaM saMjJA dusare prANI meM bhI hai| isa prakAra kI AtmAdvaita kI yA AtmatulyatA kI bhAvanA rakha kara cl| 1. (ka) 'savvaM jagaM tu samayANupehI piyamappiyaM kassa vi no krejjaa|' . ___ -sUtrakRtAMga zru.1,a.10 u.6 (kha) '....mAyA me, piyA me, bhAyA me, bhaiNI me, bhajjA me, puttA me, dhUyA me, suNhA me, sahi-sayaNasaMgaMdhasaMthuyA me vivittuvagaraNa-parivaTTaNa-bhoyaNacchAyaNaM me| iccatthaM gaDhie loe vase ptte|" ___-AcArAMga zru.1 a. 2, u.1 (ga) ... taM pi se egayA dAyAyA vibhayaMti, adattahAro vA se avaharaMti, rAyANo vA se vilupati, Nassati vA se, viNassati vA se, aMgAra dAheNa vA se ddjjhi|' ___-vahI zru. 1 a.2, u.3 (gha) "iti se parassa aTThAe kUrAI kammAiM bAle pakuvvamANe, teNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippriyaasuvei||" - vahI zru.1 a.2,u.3 2. 'paDhamaM nANaM tao dyaa|' -dazavaikAlika a.4 gA.90 3. "tumaM si nAma taM ceva, jaM haMtavvaM ti mntrsi| tuma si nAma taM ceva, jaM ajjAveyavvaM ti mnnsi| tumaMsi nAma taM ceva, jaM pariyAveyavvaM ti mnsi| tumaM si nAma taM ceva, jaM parighetavvaM ti mnsi| tuma si nAma taM ceva, jaM uddaveyavvaM ti mnsi|" -AcArAMga.zru.1 a.5, u.5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM-upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 87 __ bhagavAn mahAvIra ne hiMsAjanita pApakarmabandha se bacane ke lie yaha AtmasamAnatA kI bhAvanA aura vyavahAradRSTi pratipAdita kI hai| isase bhI Age bar3hakara unhoMne kahA"saba prANiyoM ko apanA AyuSya priya hai, sukha sabako sAtAkArI-anukUla hai, aura duHkha sabako pratikUla / vadha sabako apriya hai, jIvana sabako priy| sabhI prANI jIne kI kAmanA karate haiN| ataH kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA mata kro|"1 ___ "sabhI prANiyoM kI na to avahelanA karanI cAhie aura na hI nindA-cugalI karanI caahie|" "itanA hI nahIM, na to svayaM apanI AzAtanA (AtmapIr3A) karanI cAhie aura na hI dUsaroM kii|" "pratyeka prANI ke sukha-duHkha kA dhyAna karo, nirIkSaNa karo-kyoMki sabhI prANiyoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM aura sattvoM ko asAtA (duHkha) denA tathA azAnti paidA karanA mahAbhayaMkara hai, duHkhotpatti (ghora karmabandha) kA kAraNa hai|" "jo apane antastala ko, apanI sukha-duHkha kI bhAvanA ko jAnatA hai, vaha bAhara ko-dUsare kI bhAvanA ko bhI jAnatA hai| jo dUsare kI bhAvanA ko jAnatA hai, vaha antaHstala kI bhAvanA ko jAnatA hai|" "sukha kI bhAvanA dUsaroM meM bhI apane samAna hai, isa tulA kA anveSaNa kr|" bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ina upadezoM dvArA AdhyAtmikatA ke sAtha samAja aura samaSTi kI sukha-duHkha kI, vikAsa-avikAsa kI, pIr3A-apIr3A kI bhAvanAoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya rakhane kI preraNA kI hai, tAki pApa-karmoM se jIva baca ske| 2 1. (ka) sabbe pANA piyAuyA, suhasAyA, dukkhapaDikUlA appiyavahA piyajIviNo jIviukAmA, sabbesi jIviyaM piyN| -vahI, zru.1 a.2, u.3 (kha) pAtivAejja kNcnnN| -vahI zru.1 a.6, u.1 2. (ka) "savve pANA na hIlijjA na niNdijjaa|" - vahI 1/6/1 (kha) "No attANaM AsAejjA, No paraM AsAejjA, No aNNAI pANAI, bhUyAI, jIvAI, sattAI ___ aasaaejjaa|" -vahI 1/6/5 (ga) NijjhAittA, paDilehittA patteyaM prinnivvaannN| savvesiM pANANaM, sabvesiM bhUyANaM, savvesiM jIvANaM, savvesiM sattANaM assAyaM aparinivvANaM mahanbhayaM dukkhN|" __-vahI, 1/1/6 (gha) "je ajjhatthaM jANai se bahiyA jaanni| je bahiyA jANai se ajjhatthaM jANai, eyaM tulmnnesiN| -AcA.1/1/7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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88 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) sAmUhika karma, hiMsA aura pApa karmabandha kI zaMkA ___parantu karmavijJAna ke tAdAtmya aura tATasthya ke rahasya ko na samajhane vAle vyakti aisA bhrAntimUlaka prazna uThAte haiM ki-"jala meM bhI jIva hai, sthala meM bhI jIva hai, parvata para bhI jIva hai, samasta loka jIva-jantuoM se vyApta hai| aisI sthiti meM koI bhI sAdhaka yA mAnava samUha kaise ahiMsaka tathA pApa karmabandha se mukta raha sakatA hai ?" isI kA vizleSaNa karate hue DaoN mahAvIra sarana jaina likhate haiM- hameM karma to karane hI pdd'eNge| zarIra hai to kriyA bhI hogii| kriyA hogI to karmavargaNA ke paramANu Atma-pradeza kI ora AkRSTa hoMge hii| aisI sthiti meM koI vyakti kaise jIvita raha sakatA hai| mArga meM calate hue anajAne yadi koI jIva Ahata ho jAe to kyA vaha hiMsA ho jAegI? to kyA hama akarmaNya ho jAeM ? kriyA karanA baMda karadeM ? aisI sthiti meM sAmAjika-jIvana yA samAja kA kArya kaise cala sakatA hai ? khetI kaise hogI? vastuoM kA utpAdana kaise hogA? kyA karmahIna sthiti meM koI vyakti jindA raha sakatA hai ?"" tIna prakAra se samAdhAna bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uparyukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna tIna taraha se diyA hai| prathama samAdhAna AcArAMga sUtra meM diyA hai-karma (kArya) kA pahale bhalIbhAMti pariprekSaNa karo ki vaha karma utkaTa rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAyavarddhaka to nahIM hai ? kyoM ki "karma kA mUla kSaNa-hiMsA hai| arthAt mana meM kisI bhI prANI ke prati tIvra rAga yA dveSa, athavA tIvra kaSAya to nahIM hai ? hiMsA yAnI bhAvahiMsA rAga-dveSAdi vikAroM ke tIvra rUpa se prAdurbhAva se hotI hai| yadi tIvra rAgAdi kA prAdurbhAva nahIM hai to vahA~ hiMsA nahIM hotii| ___ yahI bAta dhavalA meM kahI gaI hai-yadi karma karane vAlA pramAdahIna hai, to vaha ahiMsaka hai aura pramAdayukta hai to sadaiva hiMsAkartA hai| ___ dazavaikAlika sUtra meM 'jayaM care' kA mUla maMtra isI tathya ko ujAgara karatA hai| yadi vyakti sAvadhAna (apramatta) evaM jJAtA-draSTA hokara evaM alipta-anAsakta hokara koI bhI kArya karatA hai to vahA~ bhAvahiMsA nahIM hogI, dravyahiMsA kadAcit ho sakatI hai, parantu usase bhAvakarma kA bandha nahIM hogaa| 1. (ka) jale jantuH sthale jantuH jantuH prvtmstke| jantumAlAkule loke kathaM bhikSurahiMsakaH? -rAjavArtika meM uddhRta 7/13 (kha) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karma kA sAmAjika sandarbha' lekha meM uThAI gaI carcA, pR. 287 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM - upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 89 dUsarA samAdhAna yaha bhI sAgAradharmAmRta meM diyA gayA hai ki bandha (karmabandha) aura mokSa (karmamukti) ekamAtra bhAvoM (pariNAmoM) para AdhArita hai| yadi aisA na hotA to sarvatra jIvoM se ThasAThasa bhare loka meM vyakti kaise apanI caryA kara sakatA aura kaise (karmoM) se mukta ho pAtA ? tIsarA samAdhAna dazavaikAlika meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai ki samasta prANiyoM ke prati AtmabhUta tathA sarva jIvoM ke prati samabhAva se otaprota evaM Anava tyAgI hokara vyavahAra yA kArya karatA hai to pApakarma kA bandha nahIM hotA / " niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmavijJAna ke anusAra pUrvokta prakAra se samAjagata evaM samaSTigata jIvana jIne meM na to kahIM pApakarmabandha kA bhaya hai, na hI bhAvahiMsA hone athavA apramatta sAdhaka dvArA sAmparAyika karmabandha hone kA khatarA hai| sAmAjika aura vaiyaktika jIvana meM karma se nahIM, pApakarma se bacane kA nirdeza uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM batAyA hai ki "jo vyakti apane tathA apanoM ke lie pApakarma karake dhana juTAtA hai, kintu ukta pApakarma ke phala bhogane ke samaya ve loga koI bhI usake hissedAra nahIM bnte| use akele ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM batAyA hai ki ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa rogAdi utpanna hone para yA kArAgAra Adi bandhana meM par3ane para athavA durgati meM duHkha evaM yAtanA pAne para ve apane mAne hue sambandhI yA dUsare vyakti, athavA jinake sAtha vaha vAsa karatA hai, ve nija ke loga na to usakI rakSA karane yA zaraNa dene meM samartha hote haiM, na hI vaha unakI rakSA kara sakatA hai, na zaraNa de sakatA hai| yA to pahale ve nija ke loga use chor3a dete haiM, yA usakI 1. (ka) kammaM ca paDilehAe, kammamUlaM ca jaM chaNaM / " (kha) "aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdIna ahiNsaa|" (ga) "pramAdahIno'tra bhavatyahiMsakaH, pramAdayuktastu sadaiva hiNskH|" (ga) viSvagjIva citte loke kva caran ko'pyamokSyatu, bhAvaika sAdhana bandha-mokSau cennAbhaviSyata ? (gha) dekheM- dazavai. 4/8 (Ga) vahI. 4/9 (ca) je egaM jANai, se savvaM jANai / " 2. uttarAdhyayana a. 4gA. 2, 4 For Personal & Private Use Only - AcArAMga 1/3/1 dhavalA pu. 14/5-6 - sAgAra dharmAmRta 23 - AcArAMga 1

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90 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) nindA karate haiM, athavA use duHkha dete haiM, athavA bAda meM vaha apanoM ko chor3a detA hai, yA unakI nindA karatA hai athavA unheM duHkha detA hai|"1 ___ isalie karmavijJAna-marmajJa tIrthaMkara yaha upadeza dete haiM ki "na to tU apane jIvana ke lie prazaMsA, sammAna aura pUjA-pratiSThA ke lie yA janma-maraNa se bacane ke lie tathA pUrvakRta duSkarmoM ke phalasvarUpa A par3e hue duHkha ke nivAraNa hetu pRthvIkAyAdi SaDjIvanikAya ke jIvoM kI utkaTa hiMsAdi pApakarma meM par3a aura na dUsaroM ke lie pApakarma meM pdd'|" "sAdhaka ko ina karmasamArambhoM ko jAnanA aura inakA tyAga karanA caahie|"2 . isalie unhoMne eka ora se prANimAtra (mAnavamAtra svajana-parijana Adi saba) ke prati AtmIyatA kA vyavahAra karane kA kahA, to dUsarI ora yaha bhI kahA ki unake sAtha AtmIyatA kA vyavahAra karate hue tIvra rAga-dveSa, Asakti, mUr3hatA, mohavaza pApakarma na kare, taTastha rhe| isa viveka (saMyama) ko samajha kara karmamukti ke lie udyata mAnava na to svayaM ke lie pApakarma kare aura na dUsaroM ke lie kare tathA na dUsaroM se kraave|"3 isa prakAra kyA sAdhu-jIvana meM, kyA gRhastha-jIvana meM sAmUhika karma to karanA hI par3atA hai, kintu sAmAjika sandarbha meM karma karate samaya AtmIyatA aura taTasthatA kA viveka rakhe, karma ke sAtha A jAne vAle pApa-doSoM aura unake kAraNoM se dUra rhe| yahI jaina karmavijJAna kA rahasya hai| sAmUhika jIvana meM karma-viveka dharma bana jAtA hai isa sambandha meM paM. sukhalAlajI karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM sAmUhika jIvana ke lie karma-viveka kI preraNA dete hue likhate haiM-"pA~va meM sUI laga jAne para koI use nikAlakara phaiMka de to Amataura para koI use galata nahIM khtaa| parantu sUI phaiMkane vAlA bAda meM sIne ke aura dUsare kAma ke lie naI sUI DhU~r3he aura usake na milane para adhIra 1. (ka) "jehiM vA saddhiM saMvasati, te vA NaM egayA NiyagA taM puTviM parivayaMti/poseMti/pariharati, so vA te Niyame pacchA parivaejjA/posejjA/pariharejjA/" __ -AcArAMga zru. 1, a.2, u. 1 sU. 184, 193, 197 2. (ka) imassa ceva jIviyassa parivaMdaNa-mANaNa-pUyaNAe, jAI-maraNa-moyaNAe dukkhapaDighAya heuN|| -AcArAMga zru.1 a.1,u.5,6,7 (kha) eyAvaMti savvAvaMti logaMsi kamma-samAraMbhA parijANiyavvA bhvNti| -AcA.zru.1,a.1, u.1 3. (ka) tamhA pAvakammaM Neva kujjA, Na kaarve| (kha) NevannehiM pApakammaM kujjaa|" -AcArAMga zru.1 a.2 u.6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAmAjika sandarbha meM-upayogitA ke prati AkSepa aura samAdhAna 91 hokara duHkha kA anubhava kare to samajhadAra AdamI use jarUra kahegA ki tUne bhUla kii| pA~va meM se sUI nikAlanA ThIka thA, kyoMki vaha usakI yogya jagaha nahIM thI, parantu yadi usake binA jIvana calatA hI na ho to use phaiMka dene meM jarUra bhUla hai| ThIka taraha se upayoga karane ke lie yogya rIti se usakA saMgraha karanA hI pA~va meM se sUI nikAlane kA saccA artha hai| jo nyAya sUI ke liye hai, vahI nyAya sAmUhika karma ke lie bhI hai| kevala vaiyaktika (nipaTa svArtha kI) dRSTi se jIvana jInA sAmUhika jIvana kI (AtmIyatA yA Atmaupamya) dRSTi meM sUI bhoMkane ke barAbara hai| isa sUI ko nikAla kara usakA ThIka taraha se upayoga karane kA matalaba hai'-sAmUhika jIvana (ke prati AtmIyatA yA AtmatulyatA) kI jimmedArI ko buddhipUrvaka svIkAra karake jIvana bitaanaa| aisA jIvana hI vyakti kI jIvanmukti hai| jaise-jaise hara vyakti apanI vAsanA-zuddhi dvArA sAmUhika jIvana (meM praviSTa ho jAne vAle rAga-dveSa, tuccha svArtha, moha, dveSa, roSa, ghRNA, IrSyA, ahaMkAra Adi) ke maila ko kama karatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise duHkha mukti (karmabandha se mukti-nivRtti) kA vizeSa anubhava karatA hai| isa prakAra vicAra karane para karma hI dharma (zuddha-avandhaka karma yA akarma) bana jAtA hai|" ahiMsAdi dharmarUpa rasa ke lie zuddha karmarUpa chilakA jarUrI "amuka phala kA artha hai-rasa ke sAtha chilakA bhii| chilakA nahIM ho to rasa kaise Tika sakatA hai ? aura rasa-rahita chilakA bhI phala nahIM hai| usI taraha dharma to karma kA rasa hai aura karma sirpha dharma kI chAla hai| donoM kA ThIka taraha se sammizraNa ho, tabhI ve jIvana-phala prakaTa kara sakate haiN| karma ke Alambana ke binA vaiyaktika tathA sAmUhika jIvana kI zuddhirUpa dharma rahegA hI kahA~ ? aura aisI zuddhi (rAga-dveSa, kAma, moha, Asakti, krodhAdi vikAroM kI saphAI) na ho to kyA usa karma kI chAla se jyAdA kImata mAnI jAyegI?"3 maMvijJAna ke anusAra sAmUhika jIvanadRSTi meM viveka sAmUhika jIvana jIne meM karmavijJAna ke anusAra AtmIyatA ke sAtha taTasthatA ke maMtra ko hI prakArAntara se vyakta karate hue paNDita sukhalAlajI likhate haiM-"aba yadi sAmUhika jIvana kI vizAla aura akhaNDa dRSTi kA vikAsa kiyA jAe aura usa dRSTi 1. jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika karma' lekha se pR.240 hai. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika karma' lekha se, pR.240 .. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika karma' lekha se pR. 240 For Personal & Private Use Only

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92 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ke anusAra hara vyakti apanI jimmevArI kI maryAdA bar3hAve to usake hitAhita dUsare ke hitAhitoM se TakarAne na pAveM aura jahA~ vaiyaktika nukasAna dikhAI detA ho, vahA~ bhI sAmUhika jIvana ke lAbha kI dRSTi use santuSTa rakhe, usakA kartavya kSetra vistRta bane aura usake sambandha adhika vyApaka banane para vaha apane meM eka bhUmA (vyApakatA aura vizAlatA) ko dekhe|"1 . sAmUhika cittazuddhi meM karma kI zuddhi ___ jaina karmavijJAna bhAvakarma ko hI mukhya mAnatA hai, aura usakA mUla mAnatA hai citta meN| agara citta meM rAga-dveSa aura kaSAya kA tUphAna na uThe to karma bhI zuddha aura abandhakAraka hotA hai| isI tathya ko dRSTigata rakhakara paNDita sukhalAlajI ne sAmUhika cittazuddhi ko vaiyaktika cittazuddhi kA Adarza yA mApaka mAnate hue likhA hai"...cittazuddhi hI zAnti kA ekamAtra mArga hone se yaha mukti avazya hai, parantu vaiyaktika cittazuddhi meM pUrNa mukti mAna lene kA vicAra adhUrA hai| sAmUhika citta kI zuddhi ko bar3hAte jAnA hI vaiyaktika cittazuddhi kA Adarza honA caahie| aura yaha ho to (jIvanmukti yA sadehamukti athavA bhASakasiddhi yahIM prApta ho jAtI hai) kisI dUsare sthAna meM yA loka meM muktidhAma mAnane kI yA usakI kalpanA karane kI bilakula jarUrata nahIM hai| aisA dhAma to sAmUhika cittazuddhi meM apanI zuddhi kA hissA milAne meM hai|"2 niSkarSa yaha hai ki jaina karmavijJAna vaiyaktika karma ke sAtha-sAtha samAja aura samaSTi ke hita ke lie bhI AtmIyatApUrvaka vyavahAra karanA batAtA hai, parantu zarta hairAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi se bacane kii| yahI AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha samAja saMracanA kA mUla maMtra hai| sAmAjika sandarbha meM karmasiddhAnta kI yahI upayogitA hai| 1. 2. vahI, pR.239 vahI, pR.240 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA karmasiddhAnta : trikAla-prakAzaka dIpaka karmasiddhAnta eka aisA prakAzamAna dIpaka hai, jo tInoM kAloM meM prakAza karatA hai| vaha atIta meM bhI prakAza karatA rahA, vartamAna meM bhI prakAza karatA hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI prakAza karatA rhegaa| usakI jyoti kabhI bujhatI nahIM hai| isakA rahasyArtha yaha hai ki karmasiddhAnta ne bhatakAla meM bhI jo samasyAe~ AI. unakA samAdhAna diyA hai, vartamAna meM vaha samasyAoM kA samAdhAna karane meM sakSama hai aura bhaviSya kI dUragAmI samasyAoM kA bhI samAdhAna karane meM samartha hai| jo vijJAna yA darzana jana-mAnasa ke vartamAna andhakAra ko miTAne meM sakSama nahIM hai, vaha vizvasanIya evaM lokagrAhya nahIM ho sakatA, usakI prAsaMgikatA yA prastuti nAma mAtra kI hotI hai| usakI jIvantatA mRtavat hotI hai| vaha bujhI huI jyoti kA pratinidhi hai| - jaina karmavijJAna atIta aura anAgata ke andhakAra ko miTAne ke sAtha-sAtha vartamAna ke janamAnasa meM vyApta andhakAra ko bhI miTAne meM pUrNatayA sakSama hai, upayogI hai| yadi koI vyakti yaha kahe ki merA dIpaka bhUtakAla meM bahuta hI Aloka karatA thA, parantu Aja ke aMdhere ko miTAne meM vaha asamartha hai to usakI upayogitA kyA hai ? vaha dIpaka kisa kAma kA, jo kevala atIta ke aMdhere ko miTAne meM samartha ho, vartamAna meM svayaM andhakAra kA sAthI bana jAtA ho? jo vartamAna ke samasyAgrasta andhere ko miTAne meM samartha ho, vahI dIpaka upayogI hotA hai| usakI upayogitA aura loka-grAhyatA se koI inkAra nahIM kara sktaa| isI prakAra yadi koI vijJAna-dIpaka vartamAna samasyAoM kA yathArtha nirAkaraNa saiddhAntika dRSTi se nahIM kara pAtA to vaha kevala miTTI ke piNDavat anupayogI hai| karma-vijJAna vartamAna meM aneka samasyAoM se ghire janamAnasa ke andhakAra ko,aviveka aura ajJAna ko miTAne meM pUrI taraha sakSama hai|' 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR.150 For Personal & Private Use Only

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94 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jainakarmavijJAna kA trikAlasparzI yathArtha mata AcArAMga sUtra meM karma-siddhAnta kI trikAlAnusyUta dRSTi se anabhijJa katipaya dArzanikoM aura vicArakoM kA mata prarUpita karate hue karmasiddhAnta kA trikAlAnusArI satya tathya batAyA gayA hai- "isa jIva kA atIta kyA thA? isakA bhaviSya kaisA hogA? isa prakAra katipaya loga bhUta aura bhaviSya kA smaraNa-cintana nahIM krte|" kitane hI loga kahate haiM-"isa saMsAra meM jIva kA jo atIta thA, vahI (vaisA hI) usakA bhaviSya hogaa|" kintu sarvajJa vItarAga prabhu atItArtha ko-atIta ke anusAra bhaviSya ke hone kI bAta ko athavA bhaviSyArtha-bhaviSya ke anusAra atIta ke hone kI bAta ko svIkAra nahIM krte| atIta yA bhaviSya (athavA vartamAna bhI) karmoM ke anusAra hI hotA hai| ataH isa karmavijJAna ke trikAla darzana ke jJAtA-draSTA AcaraNayukta, maharSi (pUrvakRta) karmoM ko dhunakara kSaya kara DAlate haiN| atIta ko jAno, vartamAna meM satpuruSArtha karo aura bhaviSya ko dekho jaina karmavijJAna yaha nahIM kahatA ki atIta ke anusAra hI vartamAna banegA aura vartamAna ke anusAra hI sArA bhaviSya bnegaa| kintu usakA saMketa hai-atIta ko jAno, vartamAna meM usase preraNA lekara usameM se upAdeya tattva ko apanAo evaM bhaviSya ko avazya dekhate raho, tAki vartamAna meM azubhakarmoM-pApakarmoM ke jatthe se tumhArA bhaviSya na bigar3ane paae| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne AcArAMga kA pUrvokta sUtra isIlie diyA hai ki loga nirAza hokara baiTha jAte haiM atIta ke bharose para, ve vartamAna meM koI zubha yA zuddha puruSArtha nahIM krte| phalataH unakA vartamAna bhI bigar3atA hai aura bhaviSya bhI; kyoMki ve atIta jaisA hI bhaviSya hogA, aisA mAnane laga jAte haiM, ye saba bhrAntiyA~ Astika varga meM bahuta prAcInakAla se calI A rahI haiN| jaina karmavijJAna ne ina bhrAntiyoM kA unmUlana karane ke lie karma-vijJAna kA zAstra racA aura bahuta bArIkI se pratyeka tathya kA vizleSaNa karake batAyA ki pratyeka prANI ke atIta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya ko kevala kAla ke sAtha baMdhA huA mata mAna lo, vaha karma ke sAtha bhI nizcitarUpa se baMdhA huA hai| 1. "avareNa pucviM na saraMti ege, kimassatItaM, kiMvAgamissaM? bhAsaMti ege iha mANavA u|jmss tItaM tamAgamissaM / / NAtItamaRsNa ya AgamissaM, aTuM niyacchaMti tahAgayA u| vidhUtakappe (kamme) eyANupassI, NijjhosaittA khavage mhesii|| -AcArAMga zru.1,a. 3, u.3, sU.401,402 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 95 karma sArvabhauma niyama kA eka ghaTaka hai| karma ke dvArA atIta ko par3hA jA sakatA hai aura bhaviSya ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| bhAvakarma aura dravyakarma : atIta aura anAgata ke pratIka tAttvika dRSTi se vicAra kareM to yaha bAta spaSTatayA samajha meM A jaaegii| jaina karmavijJAna apane pAribhASika zabdoM meM jinheM bhAvakarma aura dravyakarma kahatA hai, ve kyA haiM? prANI kA bhAva jaisA hotA hai, usI prakAra kA karma-paramANu arjita ho jAtA hai| inhIM ko dUsare zabdoM meM caitasika karma aura pAramANavika karma kahA jA sakatA hai| ataH prANI ke jaise-jaise bhAvakarma (pUrvakRta) hote haiM, vaise hI karma- paramANuoM kA saMgrahaNa aura saMzleSaNa hotA hai| atIta ke bhAvoM ko dekhakara vartamAna meM puruSArtha preraNA aura bhaviSya kA sudhAra isakA phalitArtha yaha huA ki prANI ke atIta ( pUrvakRta) bhAvoM ko dekhakara yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki isake dvArA kisa prakAra kA karma hone vAlA hai| isI prakAra usake karmoM ko dekhakara yaha bhI jJAta ho sakatA hai ki kisa prakAra ke bhAva mana meM cala rahe haiN| karmavijJAna kI isa vizeSatA ke AdhAra para atIta ko par3hA jAtA hai aura bhaviSya ko dekhA jAtA hai; tathaiva atIta ke karmoM se preraNA lekara vartamAna ko sudhArA jAtA hai| karmasiddhAnta atIta ko jAnane aura bhaviSya ko dekhane kA mahatvapUrNa upAya hai| muni harikezabala cANDAla kula meM janme aura unhoMne apane Apa ko jaba se gaharAI se samajhA, taba se ve apane kliSTa saMskAroM ko badalane ke lie prerita ho ge| unheM atyanta upakArI sAdhu se bodha milA ki tumheM yaha jo manuSya janma milA hai, vaha yoM hI vRthA khone ke lie nahIM hai| bhUtakAla meM tumane utkaTa jAtimada kiyA, usI ke phalasvarUpa tumheM cANDAlakula meM janma milA, jahA~ koI susaMskAra yA dharmadhyAna kI bAteM kahane-sunane ko prAyaH nahIM milatIM / parantu atIta ke azubhakarmavaza prApta isa jIvana se tuma preraNA lo aura aba ise yoM hI na khokara tapa-saMyama meM lagAo, "jisase tuma bhaviSya maiM yA to sarvakarmoM se mukta ho sako yA phira alpatama karma vAle maharddhika ucca deva bana sako," jinake kaSAya mandatara, lezyA bhI zubha, parigraha evaM abhimAna bhI alpatama hote harikezabala muni ne atIta ko jAnA vartamAna ke dvArA, aura vartamAna meM una duSkarmoM ko na duharAkara tapa ke dvArA pUrvakRta una karmoM kA kSaya kara DAlA aura saMvara ke For Personal & Private Use Only

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96 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) dvArA Ate hue karmoM kA nirodha karane kI sAdhanA kI, phalataH unakA bhaviSya ujjvalatA ho gayA / ' anAthImuni ne bhI atIta ko par3hA, vartamAna ko sudhAra kara ujjavala banAyA harikezabala muni kI taraha anAthI muni ne bhI atIta ko par3hA apane vartamAna ke dekhkr| unhoMne dekhA ki "karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se vartamAna jIvana meM mujhe pracura bhoga-sAdhana mile haiM, parantu una bhogasAdhanoM kI Asakti meM phaMsakara maiM anAtha ho gayA. artha-kAma ko pradhAnatA dekara dharma ( saMvara - nirjarA rUpa) ko bhUla gayA / isI anAthata arthAt-parapadArthoM kI paravazatA ke phalasvarUpa maiM dharmadhyAna se vimukha ho gayA / pUrvakRta azubha karmoM ke phalasvarUpa prabala cakSuvedanA huI, jise maiM samabhAva se nahIM saha sakA ArttadhyAna meM grasta ho gyaa| agara mujhe zAnti prApta karanI hai to pUrvakRta satkarmoM ke. phalasvarUpa prApta bhogoM ke prAcurya kI paravazatA (anAthatA) kA tyAga karake tathA duSkarmoM ke phalasvarUpa prApta cakSuvedanA ko samabhAva se sahana karake kSAnta (samabhAva se kaSTasahiSNu), dAMta (indriyoM aura mana para saMyamI ) aura nirArambha (pUrNa ahiMsaka ) anagAra bana jAnA cAhie / " basa, isI prakAra atIta ko par3hakara unhoMne vartamAna meM prApta bhogoM kA tyAga kara diyA, saMyama mArga apanAkara sanAtha bane aura vartamAna ko sudhAra kara bhaviSya ko zAnta, sanAtha evaM ujjvalatama banA liyaa| magadhanareza zreNika ne bhI unakI prazaMsA meM ye udgAra nikAle - "he maharSi ! Apane manuSya janma ko sulabdha aura sArthaka kara liyA, manuSya janma prApti kA uttama lAbha bhI Apane prApta kara liyaa| vAstava meM Apa hI sanAtha aura sabAndhava haiN|"2 kisI ke bhI atIta aura bhaviSya ko isa taraha jAnA- dekhA jA sakatA hai isI prakAra karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM yadi koI vyakti kuzalatApUrvaka sUkSma dRSTi se vartamAna kA nirIkSaNa kare to apane atIta ko jAna sakatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, , dUsare ke 1. 2. (ka) dekheM - uttarAdhyayana sUtra (a.1, gA.48) meM isa tathya ko ujAgara karane vAlI gAthAsa deva-gaMdhavva-maNussa-pUie, caittu dehaM mala-paMkapuvvayaM / siddhe vA havai sAsae, deve vA apparae mahidie / (kha) uttarAdhyayana, 12vA~ adhyayana (ka) dekhiye - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 20 meM anAthImuni kI jIvana gAthAe~ / (kha) tujhaM suladdhaM khu maNussa - jamma; lAbhA suladdhA ya tume mahesI ! sAhAya bAMdhavA, jaMbhe ThiyA magge jiNuttamANaM // For Personal & Private Use Only -vahI.a.20,gA. 55

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 97 vartamAna jIvana ke vyavahAra, AcaraNa yA svabhAva ko dekhakara bhI vaha samajha sakatA hai ki isakA atIta kaisA thA ? athavA isane kyA socA-vicArA thA ? isakA cintana kaisA thA ? isakA AcaraNa kaisA thA? isI prakAra kisI bhI vyakti ke vartamAnakAlIna karmoM kI avasthAoM ko dekhakara tathA usake AcaraNa evaM vyavahAra ko parakhakara yaha bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai ki yaha vyakti bhaviSya meM kisa prakAra kA cintana-manana, AcaraNa aura vyavahAra karegA? isa prakAra karmasiddhAnta ke mAdhyama se atIta ko par3hA tathA bhaviSya ko jAnA-dekhA jA sakatA hai|' vartamAna jIvanayAtrA kA sambandha atIta yAtrA se hai vAstava meM dekhA jAe to karma kI carcA kA artha hai - atIta kI carcA / dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jA sakatA hai--atIta meM prANI ne jo kucha kiyA hai, usakA sambandha usakI AtmA se sthApita ho gayA hai| prANI kI vartamAna jIvanayAtrA kA sambandha atIta kI yAtrA se hai| yahI hai karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se vartamAna ke mAdhyama se atIta ko samajhane kA pryaas| prAcIna jaina kathAoM meM bhI atIndriya jJAniyoM dvArA bhUta-bha -bhaviSya kathana prAcIna jaina kathAoM evaM caritroM meM hama par3hate haiM, ki eka vyakti atyanta vaibhavazAlI thA athavA dhanADhya vyakti kA putra thaa| vaha akasmAt nirdhana ho gayA, ghara-bAra bikane lgaa| dara-dara kA mohatAja ho gayA / isa vipadgrasta sthiti kA kAraNa jAnane ke lie vaha kisI atIndriya jJAnI' ( avadhijJAnI, manaHparyAyajJAnI yA kevalajJAnI) RSi-muni ke pAsa jAtA hai aura vinayapUrvaka pUchatA hai - "bhagavan ! maiM isa samaya jisa vipadgrasta sthiti meM hU~, vaha kisa karma kA phala (vipAka ) hai ? maiMne aisA kyA duSkarma kiyA thA, jisakA yaha duHkharUpa vipAka mujhe bhoganA par3a rahA hai ?" isake uttara meM ve kahate haiM- "tumane amuka jIvana meM yA isI jIvana meM amuka samaya aisA duSkarma-azubhakarma kiyA thA, jisakA yaha duSphala hai| " isI prakAra magadhasamrATa zreNika ke putra koNika ke vartamAna pApakarmayukta jIvana ko dekhakara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne usase yaha kahA thA ki 'tuma mara kara kahA~ jAoge ?' yaha mujhase na pUcha kara apane kRtakarmoM se hI pUcha lo / isa para koNika ne kahA- "bhagavan ! [! maiM Apake zrImukha se sunanA cAhatA huuN|" bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- "koNika ! tumane jaise aniSTa karma vartamAna meM kiye haiM, unake anusAra tumhArA bhaviSya ujjvala nahIM hai| tuma mara 1. karmavAda (pR. 165 ) meM pratipAdita bhAvAMza 2. dekheM - zAlibhadra caritra, hariSeNa mahASeNa caritra Adi For Personal & Private Use Only

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98 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kara chaThI naraka meM jaaoge|' yaha hai vartamAna ko dekhakara bhaviSya kA yathArtha aakln-kthn| karmasiddhAnta se anusyUta zreNikanRpaputra meghakumAra kA atIta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya ___ magadha samrATa zreNika kA putra meghakumAra atyanta vairAgyabhAva se bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa dIkSita huA thaa| kintu dIkSA ke dina hI rAtri ko laghuzaMkA-pariSThApanAdi ke nimitta dharmasthAna se bAhara jAte samaya asAvadhAnIvaza anya sAdhuoM ke caraNAghAta ke kAraNa navadIkSita meghamuni udvigna evaM adhIra ho utthe| svayaM ko apamAnita evaM marmAhata samajhakara prAtaH pratikramaNa ke samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa pahuMce aura bole"bhagavan! ye lIjie Apake dharmopakaraNa! maiM sAdhuveSa ko chor3akara ghara jA rahA huuN|" : bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-"megha! itane se kaSTa se tuma ghabarA gae, itane adhIra ho gae? tumheM yAda nahIM hai, pUrvajanma meM tuma hAthiyoM ke yUthapati the aura usa vana meM dAvAgni laga jAne para tumhAre mana meM eka sundara puNyajanaka vicAra utpanna huA ki maiM samartha hU~ to kyoM nahIM, eka vizAla bhUmaNDala sApha karake taiyAra karU~, jisameM dAvAgni se pIr3ita bhayabhIta pazu-pakSI Akara zaraNa leM aura agni zAnta ho jAne para apane-apane manonIta sthAna meM cale jaaeN| tumane usa suvicAra ko kAryarUpa meM pariNata kiyaa| itanA hI nahIM, usa maNDala meM khujalAne ke lie uThAye hue tumhAre paira ke nIce khAlI jagaha dekhakara eka kharagoza Akara baiTha gyaa| tumheM isakA bhAna hone para tumane 20 pahara taka paira U~cA uThAe rkhaa| isa sthiti meM tathA vApasa paira rakhate samaya tumheM apAra evaM asahya kaSTa huA thA, kintu tumane eka prANI para anukampA karane evaM abhayadAna dene hetu use zubhabhAvapUrvaka sahana kiyaa| usI zubhakarma ke phalasvarUpa tumheM magadhanareza ke yahA~ janma milaa| uttama saMskAra mile| apratilabdha samyaktvaratna bhI prApta huA aura isa janma meM tumane usa puNyapU~jI meM vRddhi karane tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke carama zikhara ko pAne ke lie saMyama grahaNa kiyaa| aba tuma thor3e se kaSTa se ghabarAkara pIche haTa rahe ho, ise chor3akara bhAgane ke lie udyata hue ho! jarA soco-tumheM apane atIta ke ujjvala puNyakarmavaza vartamAna meM mAnava jIvana, uttama kula, unnata saMskAra Adi mile| tumhArI vartamAna avasthA usI zubha atIta kI dena hai| parantu yadi tuma vartamAna jIvana ko tapa, tyAga, saMyama aura saMvara se susajjita nahIM karoge to soca lo- 'tumhArA bhaviSya kaisA hogA?' 1. 'zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra' meM bha. mahAvIra aura koNika kA saMvAda For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 99 meghamani ko isa vartamAna bodha se atIta kI smati tAjI ho gii| usake sAmane atIta meM kiye hue satkarma calacitravat pratyakSa ho ge| vartamAna meM kuvicAroM ke dvArA saMyama kA jo atikramaNa ho gayA thA, use punaH atIta ke pratikramaNa dvArA meghamuni ne ThIka kara liyaa| ve punaH Atmastha -svastha ho gae aura bhaviSya ko ujjvala banAne hetu unhoMne bhagavAna se pratyAkhyAna bhI grahaNa kara liyA ki Aja se kevala do netroM ke sivAya mere zarIra ke sabhI aMga Apake caraNoM meM samarpita karatA huuN| inheM utpatha meM le jAne kA tyAga (pratyAkhyAna) karatA huuN| atIta kA pratikramaNa, vartamAna meM saMvara evaM bhaviSya kA pratyakhyAna karo SaD-Avazyaka-sAdhanA (pratikramaNa) ke samaya yaha pATha doharAyA jAtA hai- "mai bhUtakAla kA pratikramaNa karatA hU~, vartamAna kAla meM saMvara (saMyama tathA sAmAyika) karatA | aura bhaviSya (anAgata) kAla kA pratyAkhyAna karatA huuN| ye tInoM karmasiddhAnta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara azubha yoga kI nivRtti ke lie kiye jAte haiN| kyoMki vyakti ke vartamAna jIvana-darpaNa para pahale usake dvArA kiye hue atIta ke zubha-azubha karma hI pratibimbita hote haiN| karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM jisane atIta kA pratikramaNa evaM bhaviSya kA pratyAkhyAna kara liyA, usake vartamAna kSaNa meM svataH hI saMvara (Anava-nirodha) ho jaaegaa| paMcendriya-saMyama, manaHsaMyama tathA prekSA-anuprekSA-saMyama evaM yama-niyama-vratatyAga, pratyAkhyAna Adi saba caritrIya aMga saMvara ke antargata haiN| vartamAna atIta se sambaddha tathA bhaviSya se anusyUta yaha to nizcita hai ki jIvana kA satya atIta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya tInoM se paraspara anusyUta hai, para yaha kAlatrayI anusyUta hai-karmasiddhAnta ke mAdhyama se| koI bhI 1. jJAtAdharmakathA, a.1 1. (ka) aIyaM paDikkamAmi, paccuppanna saMvaremi, aNAgayaM pcckkhaami| -Avazyakaniyukti (kha) tiNhamatikkamANaM AloejjA, paDikkamejjA, ziMdejjA, garahejjA, viuddejjA, - visohejjA, akaraNayAe abbhuTej nA, ahArihaM pAyacchittaM tavokamma paDivajjejjA, taM jahA NANAtikkamassa, daMsaNAtikkamassa, crittaatikkmss| -sthAnAM a.3 u. 4 pR. 444 3. pratikramaNa zabdo hi atrAzubhayoga nivRtti mAtrArthaH samAnyatayA prigRhyte| tathA ca satyatIta viSaya pratikramaNa nindA (pazcAttApa) dvAreNa azubhayoga nivRttireveti| pratyutpatraviSayamapi saMvaradvAreNa ashubhyognivRttirev| anAgataviSayamapi pratyAkhyAna-dvAreNa azubhayoga nivRttireveti na dossH|| -AcArya haribhadra For Personal & Private Use Only

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100 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) mAnava atIta se vicchinna hokara vartamAna kI vyAkhyA nahIM kara sktaa| jo bhI vartamAna kSaNa kA pariNAma hai, usake pIche atIta kA sambandha jur3A huA hai| Aja ke pariNAma ke pIche atIta kI pravRtti hai aura Aja kI-vartamAna kSaNa kI pravRtti anAgata kA pariNAma isalie vartamAna kSaNa pariNAma bhI hai aura bhAvI pariNAma kA hetu bhI hai| arthAta vaha pravRtti bhI hai, pariNAma bhI hai, kArya bhI hai, kAraNa bhI hai| atIta kA kAraNa usake pIche hai, isaliye vaha kArya hai aura anAgata ke kArya kA vaha hetu hai, isalie kAraNa bhI hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki hama vartamAna kI vyAkhyA atIta se vicchinna hokara nahIM kara sakate aura na vartamAna se vicchinna hokara bhaviSya kI kalpanA kara sakate haiN| kevala vartamAna ke dvArA hama jIvana ke samasta satyoM ko nahIM pakar3a skte|' atIta kI pakar3a se mukta hone ke lie pratikramaNa Avazyaka hai ___ manovijJAna ne isa tathya ko aura adhika ujAgara kiyA hai| koI bhI mAnasika rogI jaba manocikitsaka ke pAsa jAtA hai, taba sabase pahale usakI vartamAna manaHsthiti ke kAraNa kA patA lagAne ke lie vaha usa manorogI ke atIta ke bAre meM pUchatA hai| vaha manorogI se spaSTa kahatA hai- 'mujhe yaha batAo ki pichale varSoM meM kyA-kyA ghaTanAeM ghaTita huIM ? tumane kyA-kyA kiyA? kaise kiyA? isa samaya tuma vartamAna ko bhUlakara ekadama atIta meM bacapana se lekara aba taka ke bhUtakAla meM cale jaao| mujhe apanA pUrA itihAsa niHsaMkoca sunaao|" jisa prakAra eka sAdhaka ko apane vartamAna jIvana kI zuddhi ke lie atIta kA pratikramaNa karanA (AlocanA, nindanA aura garhaNA se yukta hokara punaH svasthAna meM lauTanA) hotA hai, usI prakAra manorogI ko bhI apanI roga-nivRtti aura svAsthya-prApti ke lie manazcikitsaka ke samakSa atIta kA pratikramaNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| jaba taka manorogI apane atIta kA pratikramaNa nahIM kara letA, taba taka manoroga-cikitsaka usakI cikitsA nahIM kara sktaa| manoroga-cikitsaka usase atIta kI samasta ghaTanAe~ sunatA hai, usakI manogranthI ko pakar3a letA hai aura taba usakA sahI nidAna aura yathArtha cikitsA kara pAtA hai| karmavijJAna-marmajJa sAdhaka bhI karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se pratikramaNa karatA hai| pratikramaNa atIta kA siMhAvalokana hai| usameM atIta ko dekhane, samajhane aura samprekSaNa 1. karmavAda pR. 20 kA bhAvAMza mAtra 2. vahI pR. 140 kA bhAvAMza mAtra For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 101 karane kA avasara milatA hai ki kahA~-kahA~ kaba-kaba mUlasAdhanA kA atikramaNa (Amrava aura bandha) huA hai, aura aba usameM kahA~ kahA~ kaise-kaise saMvara aura nirjarA ke mAdhyama se mUla sthiti meM AnA hai| atIta kA pratikramaNavizeSajJa vartamAna aura bhaviSya ko sudhAra sakatA hai jo vyakti karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se atIta kA pratikramaNa karanA jAnatA hai, vaha atIta meM hue azubha karmoM ke Anava aura bandha ke kAraNa prApta huI vartamAna paristhiti ko svIkAra karatA hai aura vartamAna meM saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA apanAkara pUrvokta paristhiti meM sudhAra kara letA hai| apanI AtmA ko karmoM ke bandhana se mukta karane evaM naye Ate hue azubha karmoM ko rokane kA abhyAsa karatA hai, jisase usakA bhaviSya bhI ujjvala bana jAtA hai| jIvana kI samasta avasthAe~ atItakRta karma se anusyUta jIvana kI samasta mahattvapUrNa avasthAe~, paristhitiyA~, saMyoga-viyogajanya ghaTanAe~ Adi sAre pahalU karma ke sAtha anusyUta haiM, jur3e hue haiM aura ina sabakA phalita hotA hai-atIta se baddha vartamAna jiivn| jIvana ke samagra pakSa-zarIra se sambaddha mAtA-pitA, bhAI-bahana, tathA anya kuTumbIjana, svajana-parijana Adi sajIva aura zarIra se sambaddha zarIra, indriyA~, mana, buddhi, hRdaya, citta, aMgopAMga, saMsthAna, saMhanana Adi tathA kSetra, makAna Adi nirjIva jo bhI padArtha vartamAna meM upalabdha hote haiM, ve saba atIta ke karma se jur3e hue haiN| isI kAraNa karmasiddhAnta ko mAnane vAle vyakti meM prAyaH yaha dhAraNA yA mAnyatA baddhamUla ho jAtI hai ki mAnava kA samagra vyaktitva athavA usakA samagra vartamAna jIvana atItakAlakRta karma se baMdhA huA hai| atIta kI pakar3a se mukta hone meM samartha yA asamartha? ... isake sAtha hI eka bhrAnti aura vyApta hai-karmavijJAna ke sambandha meM ki "atIta kI yaha jo pakar3a yA jakar3a hai, use chor3ane meM manuSya samartha nahIM hai''| yaha dhAraNA isa kAraNa banI huI hai ki manuSya ke apane cAroM Atmika guNa-jJAna, darzana, zakti aura Ananda vartamAna meM AvRta haiM, karmoM se jakar3e hue haiM, phira zarIra Adi se sambaddha anya zaktiyA~ Adi bhI karmAvRta haiM, avaruddha haiN| ataH manuSya atIta ke karmoM ke adhIna hai, usakA vartamAna atIta se baMdhA huA hai| 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza mAtra pR.122 For Personal & Private Use Only

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102 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) atIta se karma kA sambandha kyoM aura chUTatA kaise? karma kA sambandha atIta se isa kAraNa bhI hai ki vaha AtmA ke sAtha cirakAla taka baddha (saMlagna) rahatA hai| vaha AtmA ke sAtha saMyoga sambandha jor3atA hai aura sambandha joDne ke bAda lambe arse taka jur3A rahatA hai| vartamAna jIvana ke sAtha karma kA sambandha isa kAraNa hai ki vaha dIrghakAla taka saMyukta rahane ke pazcAta esa dina viyukta ho jAtA hai| karma Atma ke sAtha sahaja nahIM hotA, vaha AtmA kA svabhAva yA svaguNa nahIM hai| vaha Agantuko AyA huA hai| karma eka dina AtA hai aura calA jAtA hai vaha AtmA ke sAtha sambana sthApita karatA hai aura jaba taka apanA pUrNatayA prabhAva nahIM DAla detA, taba taka Tika rahatA hai| prabhAva DAla dene ke bAda yAnI vyakti ke lie usa karma kA phala bhoga lene ke bA usakI zakti kSINa ho jAtI hai, vaha calA jAtA hai|' karma se saMyukta aura viyukta hone kA traikAlika rahasya samajho ___ vastutaH karma se viyukta hone kA kSaNa hai, vartamAna kSaNa aura karma se saMyukta hone kA kSaNa hai-atIta kA kssnn| ina donoM kSaNoM ko ThIka DhaMga se samajha liyA jAe to jainakarmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se atIta, vartamAna aura anAgata ke sAtha karma ke saMyukta aura viyukta hone kA sArA rahasya samajha meM A sakatA hai| vastutaH karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra karma kI traikAlika yAtrA meM jo karma AtmA ke sAtha pUrNatayA saMyukta haiM, ve viyukta bhI ho sakate sAdhanA kA sUtra hai-vartamAna meM hI raho jahA~ taka sAdhanA (saMvara-nirjarArUpa karmamukti kI yA dharma kI sAdhanA) kA prazna hai, usakA pradhAna sUtra hai-"vartamAna meM raho, vartamAna meM kevala vartamAna meM jInA siikho|" phalitAI yaha hai ki jisa samaya jo kArya yA pravRtti kara rahe ho, usI meM upayogapUrvaka raho, usI pravRtti ko yatlA-cArapUrvaka kro| na to atIta kI smRti meM jAo, aura na bhaviSya kI kalpanA ke samudra meM gota lgaao| jIvana ke traikAlika satya ko jAnane-samajhane ke lie tInoM kAloM ko jAnanA jarUrI parantu yaha kahanA jitanA AsAna hai, utanA karanA AsAna nahIM hai| karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra jahA~ kArya-kAraNa kI mImAMsA karane aura traikAlika satya ko jAnane-samajhane kA prazna AtA hai, vahA~ kevala vartamAna se kAma nahIM cala sktaa| vahA~ atIta bhI utanA hI mahattvapUrNa hotA hai, jitanA vartamAna hai aura jitanA vartamAna mahattvapUrNa hai, utanA hI 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza pR.21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 103 mahattvapUrNa bhaviSya bhI hotA hai| kAla kI akhaNDatA ko lekara bhI karma-mukti kA sAdhaka apane karma ke dvArA samutpanna atIta, vartamAna aura anAgata avasthAoM ko yathArtha rUpa meM samajha sakatA hai| karmavijJAna ke zabdoM meM, vaha kArya-kAraNa yA pravRtti aura pariNAma ko ThIka DhaMga se jAna sakatA hai|' virodhAbhAsa kA samAdhAna : atIta, anAgata ke paMkhoM ko kATa DAle ina donoM virodhAbhAsa jaise tathyoM kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki mAnava apanI vartamAna sthiti kA ThIka taraha se jAyajA lene ke lie atIta ko bhI dekhe aura bhaviSya kA bhI vicAra kre| kintu eka bAra yaha nizcita ho jAne para ki isa prakAra kI traikAlika sthiti hai; taba vaha vartamAna kSaNa meM jIne kA hI abhyAsa kre| vaha bhUtakAlIna paMkhoM ko bhI kATa DAle aura bhaviSyakAlIna paMkhoM ko bhI, kevala vartamAna meM sthira rahe / bhUtakAla kI smRtiyoM ko na Dhoe aura na hI bhaviSyakAlIna madhura sukhaiSI kalpanAoM ko saMjoe / vartamAna meM sthira rahane ke tIna mahattvapUrNa zAstrIya upAya isIlie dazavaikAlika sUtra meM chadmastha athavA pramatta sAdhaka ke lie eka ora 'jayaM care, jayaM ciTThe' Adi sUtra dekara vartamAna meM yatanApUrvaka rahane - jIne kA abhyAsa karane kA saMketa hai, vahA~ dUsarI ora usake lie pratidina daivasika evaM rAtrika pratikramaNa karane kA bhI vidhAna hai, tAki vaha pravRtti - nivRtti (samiti gupti yA mahAvrata-yama-niyama Adi ) kI sAdhanA meM jahA~ kahIM atikramaNa (aticAra - doSa) huA ho, yA bhUla huI ho vahA~ usakA parimArjana karale / isake uparAnta bhI sAdhanA meM yadi koI skhalanA, pramAda yA truTi raha gaI ho to usake lie bhI pUrvarAtri aura apararAtri ke sandhikAla meM svayaM AtmasamprekSaNa kare ki mere lie kauna sA kArya yA pravRtti kRtya - karaNIya hai, kauna sA kRtya karane se zeSa raha gayA aura kauna sA mere dvArA aisA zakya kArya thA, jise maiMne nahIM kiyA yA nahIM kara rahA hU~ ?" 2 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza pR. 20-21 2. (ka) jayaM care jayaM ciTThe jayamAse jayaM sae / yaM bhuJjanto bhAsanto pAvakammaM na baMdhaI // (kha) Avazyaka sUtra meM dekheM / (ga) jo puvvarattAvarattakAle saMpikkhae appgmppennN| kiM me kaDaM, kiM ca me kicca sesaM, kiM sakkaNijjaM na samAyarAmi ?" kiM me paro pAsai, kiM ca appA, kiM vA khaliaM na vivajjayAmi / icceva sammaM aNupAsamANo aNAgayaM no paDibaMdha kujjA // - dazavaikAlika dvitIya cUlikA gA. 12-13 For Personal & Private Use Only

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104 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) dUsarA mujhe kisa dRSTi se dekhatA hai aura maiM bhI apane Apako (vartamAna meM) kisa rUpa meM dekha rahA hU~ tathA (vartamAna meM mere jIvana meM) kauna kI skhalanA ho rahI hai, jise maiM vivarjita nahIM kara (chor3a nahIM) rahA huuN| isa prakAra samyak anuprekSA karatA huA sAdhaka vartamAna skhalanA ko bhaviSya ke sAtha anubaddha na kre| ina tInoM kI sAdhanA yathAsamaya jAgarUka hokara kare parantu yaha dhyAna rahe ki pratikramaNa yA samprekSaNa hetu sAdhaka ke lie kaI samaya niyata haiM, unhIM samayoM meM inheM karanA hai| vartamAna meM jIne ke upAya aura apAya __isake sivAya bhI atIta kI pakar3a se mukta hokara vartamAna meM jIne ke aura upAya haiN|' nItizAstra upAya ke sAtha apAya kA bhI cintana karane ke lie kahatA hai| apAya arthAt-vija yA ahitakara doSa yA haani| unheM haTAye binA upAya bhI saphala nahIM ho.. sktaa| jaise dazavaikAlika sUtra meM zAstrakAra ne pahale cAroM kaSAyoM se hone vAle apAyoM ko batAyA ki "krodha prIti kA nAza karatA hai, mAna vinaya naSTa kara detA hai,mAyA mitratA kA vinAza karatI hai aura lobha to sarvavinAzaka hai|" isake pazcAta unhoMne ina cAroM ke nivAraNa kA upAya bhI batalAyA "upazama (zAnti) se krodha ko naSTa kare, mRdutA se abhimAna para vijaya prApta kare, RjutA-saralatA se mAyA para vijayI bane aura saMtoSa se lobha ko jiite|'' "krodha aura mAna kA nigraha na karane para tathA mAyA aura lobha ko bar3hane dene para ye cAroM kaSAya punarjanma ke mUla ko sIMcate haiN| vartamAna ko hI dRr3hatA se pakar3o : eka upAya isI prakAra atItakAlIna smRtiyoM se hone vAle apAyoM ko miTAne ke lie aneka upAya jJAnI puruSoM ne batAe haiM, unameM se eka upAya hai- vartamAna ko dRr3hatA se pkdd'naa| 1. dazavakAlika vivitta cariyA cUlikA 2 gA. 13 2. 'upAyaM cintayan prAjJa apAyamapi cintyet|| -hitopadeza 3.. (ka) "koho pIiMpaNAsei, mANo vinnynaasnno| mAyA mittANi nAsei, lobho svv-vinnaasnno|" (kha) uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddavayA jinne| mAyamajjavabhAveNa, lobhaM saMtosao jinne||" ___ - dazavakAlika 8/38-39 (ga) koho ya mANo ya aNiggahIA, mAyA lobho ya pvddhmaannaa| cattAri ee kasiNA kasAyA, siMcaMti mUlAiM punnbbhvss|| -vahI.a. 8/40 gA. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 105 atIta kI bhUloM evaM galatiyoM ko na doharAne aura unake parimArjana ke lie prAyazcitta karake unakI punaH smRti kA parityAga karanA hI vartamAna ko pakar3ane kA pramukha upAya hai| vartamAna meM jIne kA abhyAsa karanA, atIta kI pakar3a se chUTane kA upAya parantu dekhA yaha jAtA hai ki manuSya atIta ko chor3a nahIM pAtA / jaise zarIra kI chAyA mAnava ke sAtha-sAtha calatI hai, vaise hI atIta kI kAlI chAyA bhI usake sAtha-sAtha calatI rahatI hai| zarIra kI chAyA ko to manuSya dekha pAtA hai, parantu atIta kI chAyA adRzya- avyakta hai, phira bhI sAtha meM satata banI rahatI hai / atIta kI apAyayukta usa kAlI chAyA se mukta hone kA upAya hai- vartamAna meM jIne kA abhyAsa krnaa| yahI karmavijJAna kA sandeza hai| Aja kA pramAdI mAnava vartamAna meM rahatA-sahatA hai, vartamAna meM zvAsa letA hai, saba kucha vartamAna meM karatA hai, parantu yathArtha rUpa se vartamAna meM nahIM jiitaa| vartamAna meM jIne kI kalA usI vyakti ko hastagata hotI hai, jo apramatta hotA hai, pratipala jAgarUka aura sAvadhAna hotA haiN| jo apramAdI hotA hai, vaha vartamAna kSaNa kA cintana-manana- anubhava karatA hai| vaha pravRttiyA~ karatA huA bhI, una pravRttiyoM ke sAtha rAgadveSAdi vikAroM ko nahIM jor3atA / vaha kevala jJAtA-draSTA yA gItA kI bhASA meM "sAkSI cetA aura kevala nirguNa banA rahatA hai|" isa kAraNa vartamAna kSaNa rAga-dveSa- mukta kSaNa athavA karmabandha athavA karmasaMyoga se mukta kSaNa bana jAtA hai| aisA jJAtA draSTA, apramatta jAgarUka sAdhaka karma se atIta rahatA hai, vaha atIta kI smRti aura anAgata kI kalpanA se pare ho jAtA hai / " pratikramaNa Adi kI cetanA jAgRta hone para vartamAna meM sthiratA sudRr3ha jisa vyakti meM pratikramaNa, samprekSaNa, prAyazcitta tathA jJAtA-draSTA bhAva meM rahane kI cetanA jAga jAtI hai, vaha vyakti atIta kI pakar3a se sarvathA mukta ho sakatA hai| aisI sthiti meM vaha vyakti anukUla yA pratikUla parISahoM ke Ane para bhI nizcala aura apane AtmabhAvoM meM sthira rahatA hai| karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra aisA satpuruSArthazIla vyakti 1. (ka) karmavAda bhAvAMza pR. 144 tathA 166 (kha) sAkSI cetA kevalo nirguNazca .......... niyataM saMgarahitamarAgadveSataH kRtam / aphalaprepsunA karma yattata sAtvikamucyate / 2. (ka) "sahio dukkhamattAe puTTho no jhNjhaae|" (kha) lAbhutti na majjijjA, alAbhutti na soIjA // * (ga) sumaNe ahiyAsejjA na ya kolAhalaM kre|" For Personal & Private Use Only -bhagavadgItA 18 a. - gItA 18/23 -AcArAMga 1/3/3 - AcArAMga 1/1/5 -sUtrakRtAMga 1/9/31

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106 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) atIta meM kRta karor3oM janmoM ke saMcita karmoM ko bahuta zIghra hI tapasyA se kSaya kara DAlata muni sthUlabhadra : atIta kI pakar3a se mukta ho vartamAna saMvara sAdhanA meM dRr3ha rahe naMdavaza ke pradhAnamaMtrI zakaDAla kA putra sthUlabhadra pUrvajanma ke saMskAra-vaza bacapa se hI virakta jIvana jI rahA thaa| pitA ne socA-merA putra virakta-sA jIvana jI rahA hai| yadi isane saMnyAsa aMgIkAra kara liyA to merA AdhAra chUTa jaaegaa| ataH ise kAmazAstra par3hAkara gRhasthAzrama meM pha~sAnA caahie| usa yuga meM pATaliputra meM kAma-kalA meM pAraMgata thI kozA vezyA! zakaDAla ne sthUlabhadra ko kozA vezyA ke yahA~ rkhaa| . . sthUlabhadra kozA vezyA ke yahA~ bAraha varSa taka rhaa| aba vaha kozA meM pUrNatayA Asakta ho gyaa| ghara Ane kA nAma nahIM letA thaa| apane pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda jaba unheM arthI para liTAkara zmazAna kI ora le jA rahe the| sthUlabhadra ko ekadama virakti ho gayI, vezyA se aura kAma-vAsanA se| usane AcArya sambhUtivijaya se munidIkSA le lii| jitanA atikramaNa huA thA, usakA pratikramaNa kiyaa| ve jitane viSayabhogoM meM AkaNTha pravRtta hue the, aba ve punaH bhogoM se sarvathA nivRtta ho ge| brahmacarya kI kaThora sAdhanA kI parIkSA dene ke lie unhoMne guru se kozA vezyA kI citrazAlA meM cAturmAsa bitAne kI anumati maaNgii| guru ne yogya samajhakara svIkRti de dii| sthalabhadra kozA kI citrazAlA ke dvAra para phNce| cAturmAsa bitAne kI AjJA maaNgii| kozA vezyA to apane prAcIna premI ko Ae dekhakara bahuta hI harSita huii| bAraha varSa jisake sAtha bitAe the, usI kozA vezyA kI citrazAlA meM eka pavitra sAdhu ke rUpa meM cAturmAsa bitAnA kitanA kaThinatama kArya thaa| Aga aura ghI kA saMyoga thaa| citrazAlA kA pUrA vAtAvaraNa kAmukatA ko jagAne vAlA thA, aura Upara se kozA vezyA kA pratidina Sor3aza zRMgAra se susajjita hokara manamohaka nRtya, gIta, vAdya, tathA SaDarasayukta AhAra bhI kAmavAsanA ko uttejita karane vAlA thaa| phira bhI sthUlabhadra muni brahmacarya meM pUrNataH sthira rahe, jarA bhI calAyamAna na hue| kozA vezyA ne kahA-"isa rasikatA ko chor3akara nIrasatA meM kahA~ pha~sa gae Apa? Apane munidharma kyoM aMgIkAra kara liyA? Apa jIvana bhara yahIM rheN| maiM ApakI huuN|' yoM kozA ne pUrI zakti lagAkara muni sthUlabhadra ko vicalita karane kA prayatna kiyaa| cAra mAsa pUrNa ho ge| muni kAjala kI koTharI meM rahakara bhI pUrNataH nirlipta rhe| 1. "bhavakoDisaMciyaM kammaM tavasA nijjrijjii| - uttarAdhyayana 30/6 2. kIcar3a aura kamala : upAcArya devendra muni For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 107 yaha hai karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM Amrava ke sthAna meM saMvara meM dRr3ha rahane kA jvalanta udAharaNa tathA atIta kI pakar3a se mukta hokara vartamAna meM dRr3hatApUrvaka jIne aura Tikane kA puruSArtha / vartamAna meM dRr3ha vahI, jo jJAtA-draSTA bhAva yA AtmabhAva meM sthira rahatA hai| vAstava meM jo sAdhaka sthUlabhadra muni kI bhAMti dharma-zukladhyAna meM yA Atma-svabhAva sthira ho jAtA hai, vaha atIta kI smRtiyoM ko udher3atA nahIM aura na hI bhaviSya kI kalpanA meM DubakI lagAtA hai| vaha atIta kI rAgadveSayukta pakar3a se mukta hokara vartamAnakAlIna rAga-dveSa-mukta kSaNa kA anubhava karane lagatA hai| vaha vartamAna meM jIvanayAtrA meM upayogI anivArya kriyAe~ karatA hai, parantu rahatA hai - jJAtA-draSTA banakara / ataH vaha karma-bandhana se asambaddha rahatA hai| vartamAna meM jJAtA - draSTAbhAva meM rahane vAlA sAdhaka kisI bhI pravRtti, paristhiti, kriyA, iSTAniSTa saMyoga Adi para prIti- aprIti yA rAga-dveSa, moha yA droha, athavA Asakti ghRNA nahIM krtaa| yaha zuddha cetanA kA prayoga hai| isa prakAra karma-siddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM vaha atIta meM baddha karmoM kA kSaya (nirjarA) aura vartamAna meM naye Ane vAle karmoM kA saMvara (nirodha) kara letA hai / ' prAcIna aura navIna sabhI samasyAoM kA hala : vartamAna meM saMvara nirjarA meM sthira rahanA koI kaha sakatA hai ki yaha to karmasiddhAnta ke dvArA vartamAnakAlika samasyAoM ko sulajhAne ke badale una samasyAoM se mukha mor3anA huA / parantu karmasiddhAntamarmajJa kahate haiM ki ye samasyAe~ atItakAlika karmoM ke phalasvarUpa prApta huI haiM, inameM ulajhane se yA inhIM kI udher3a-buna meM rahane se samasyAe~ sulajhane ke bajAya aura adhika ulajheMgI / vyakti Artta-raudradhyAna meM par3akara rAga-dveSa-kaSAya Adi vikAroM se grasta hokara naye-naye azubhakarmoM ko aura bA~dha legA, purAne karmoM kA kSaya hogA nahIM / aisI sthiti meM purAnI samasyAe~ sulajheMgI nahIM, naI-naI samasyAe~ adhikAdhika paidA hotI jaaeNgii| ataH karma-siddhAnta kahatA hai ki Amrava aura baMdha ke cakkara meM na par3akara saMvara aura nirjarA ko apanAo, jisase purAnI samasyAe~ hala ho jAe~gI aura naI samasyAe~ paidA nahIM hoNgii| sAmAjika paristhitivaza paidA hoMgI to bhI karmasiddhAnta-marmajJa vyakti unheM zIghra hI hala kara skegaa| 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza pR. 166 2. Amravo bhavahetuH syAt saMvaro mokSakAraNam / itIyamArhatI dRSTiranyadasyAH prapaJcanam / For Personal & Private Use Only - A. hema

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108 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) namirAjarSi kI vartamAna meM sthiratA kI prazaMsA ___ namirAjarSi jaba dIkSA lene ko udyata hue taba brAhmaNaveSI indra ne unake samakSa anekAneka Anavavarddhaka evaM karma-bandhakAraka samasyAe~ rakhIM, jo unheM atIta kI pakar3a se mukta hone nahIM de pAtIM, parantu karmasiddhAnta-marmajJa nami rAjarSi ne ina saba karmAnava evaM karmabandha kI hetubhUta samasyAoM kA samAdhAna vartamAna meM saMvara nirjarArUpa saddharma meM dRr3ha rahakara kara liyA aura indra ke sabhI praznoM kA tadanukUla samAdhAna kara diyaa| ataH indra ke dvArA lI gaI kaThora parIkSA meM uttIrNa hone ke pazcAt vartamAna meM saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma yA jJAtA-draSTAbhAvarUpa Atma-svabhAva meM dRr3hatApUrvaka sthira hue namirAjarSi kI prazaMsA meM baravasa indra ne ye udgAra nikAle - "aho rAjarSi! sacamuca Apane krodha ko jIta liyA hai, mAna (ahaMkAra) ko parAjita kara diyA hai, mAyA (kapaTa) kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai aura lobha ko bhI vaza meM kara liyA hai| dhanya hai, ApakI saccI RjutA (saralatA) ko, dhanya hai ApakI mRdutA ko, ApakI uttama kSamA prazaMsanIya hai aura ApakI uttama nirlobhatA (mukti) bhI abhinandanIya hai| bhaMte! Apa yahA~ (vartamAna meM) bhI uttama haiM aura (bhaviSya meM) bhI uttama hoNge| Apa sarvakarmaraja se mukta hokara loka meM uttamottama siddhi (mukti) sthAna ko prApta kreNge|'' yaha hai-namirAjarSi dvArA atIta kI samasta smRtiyoM yA baMdhana-grastatAoM se mukta hokara vartamAna meM jJAtA-draSTA hokara saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma meM sthira hone kA jvalanta udAharaNa! isI kAraNa namirAjarSi saMvara-nirjarA-sAdhanA kI phalaprApti tathA bhaviSya meM sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa ihalaukika-pAralaukika bhogoM kI prApti kI vAMchA (nidAna) Adi meM nahIM phaMse, arthAta-bhaviSya kI sukhada kalpanAoM ke mohaka jAla meM bhI nahIM phNse| isIlie indra ne unakI vartamAnakSaNajIvI sAdhanA kI prazaMsA kii| 1. dekheM, uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 9veM namipavajjA nAmaka adhyayana meM indra ke prazaMsAtmaka udgAra(ka) aho te nijjio koho, aho mANo praajio| aho nirachiyA mAyA, aholobho vsiiko|| (kha) aho te ajjavaM sAhu aho te sAhu mddvN| aho te uttamA khaMtI aho te mutti uttamA / / (ga) ihaMsi uttamo bhaMte, pacchA hohasi uttmo| loguttamuttamaM ThANaM siddhiM gacchasi niiro|| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmasiddhAnta kI trikAlopayogitA 109 jainakarmavijJAna meM karma ke sAtha-sAtha dharma kA rahasya bhI jaina karma-vijJAna meM jahA~ karmoM ke Agamana (Anava) aura bandha kA rahasya batAyA gayA hai, vahA~ karma-nirodha (saMvara) aura karma ke AMzika kSaya (nirjarA) kA rahasya bhI batAyA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to karmavijJAna meM karma aura dharma donoM kI gahana carcA hai| karma kA kArya hai-AnavoM aura baMdhanoM meM AtmA ko DAlanA aura dharma kA kArya haisaMvara aura nirjarA dvArA kramazaH vartamAna meM Ane vAle naye karmoM kA nirodha aura atIta meM baddha karmoM kA kSaya karanA / karma-vijJAna kA yaha sandeza hai ki atIta ke karmabandhanoM ko tathA vartamAna meM bhI bandhana ke rUpa meM jakar3ane ke lie Ane vAle karmoM ko jAno, samajho aura phira atIta kI usa baddharmarAzi kA pRthak-pRthak vizleSaNa aura vargIkaraNa karake taba atIta meM baddha karmabandhanoM ko tor3a DAlo, sAtha hI naye tathA bandhanarUpa meM jakar3ane ke lie Ane vAle karmoM ko bhI vApasa mor3a do| itanA hI nahIM, karmavijJAna karma ke kAryoM ke sAtha-sAtha dharma ke kAryoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahatA hai ki atIta ke karma-kusaMskAroM ko kSINa kara do, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, bhaya, IrSyA, kAma, moha, mada, matsara, Adi vRttiyoM kA zodhana karo; mUrcchA aura lAlasA, kAmanA aura Asakti ko, mamatA aura bhrAnti ko tilAMjali de do, AtmacetanA para AtmA ke nijI guNoM-jJAna-darzana-zakti-AnandarUpa guNoM para Ae hue yA chAye hue AvaraNoM ko haTA do| dharma ke nAma se pracalita ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa Adi tathA dharma-zukladhyAna ke sAtha prazaMsA - prasiddhilipsA, viSayasukhAdirUpa phalAkAMkSA, pradarzanakAmanA Adi kaSAya-kAluSyoM ko miTAnA bhI saddharma kA mukhya prayojana hai| isI prakAra dharma ke nAma se pracalita jo bhI kurUr3hi, kurIti yA galata paramparA ho, siddhAnta-bAdhaka, Atma- vikAsaghAtaka kriyAe~ hoM, unheM bhI karmabandhakArI samajha kara tor3a DAlanA bhI dharma kA kArya hai| jo kurUr3hiyA~ hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, ThagI, dambha, mAyAcAra, vyabhicAra, zikAra, hatyAkANDa, bali (prANivadha) ke AdhAra para calatI yA palatI hoM, unheM bhI tilAJjali denA dharmAcaraNa hai| isIlie karmavijJAnamarmajJa sarvajJa mahAvIra prabhu ne sUtrakRtAMga meM sarvaprathama isI gAthA ke dvArA atIta kI karmabandhanAtmaka granthI ko jAnane, khojane aura tor3ane kA nirdeza karate hue kahA For Personal & Private Use Only

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110 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) "sarvaprathama (atItakRta karma) bandhana ko samyakrUpa se jAno, samajho aura phira (vartamAna meM use ) tor3a ddaalo|"" dharma kA prayojana : atIta ke karmabandhanoM ko tor3anA evaM naye karmoM ko rokanA atIta ke bandhanoM ko tor3ane ke do upAya haiM- saMvara aura nirjarA / yahI dharma yA dharmadhyAna kA prayojana hai, jo pUrvokta gAthA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyA hai| atIta ke pariNAmoM se bacanA dharma kA uddezya nahIM hai, kintu atIta meM kRtakarmoM ke bandhana ko jAnakara use tapa, saMyama, saMvara Adi kI sAdhanA se kATa DAlanA dharma kA uddezya hai| jo vyakti saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, vaha atIta ke prati jAgarUka ho jAtA hai, atIta meM bhare hue karma ke bhaNDAra ke prati sAvadhAna evaM sajaga hokara vaha unake udaya meM rukAvaTa paidA kara detA hai, vaha pratirodhAtmaka upAya karatA hai| phira vaha atIta ke karma-saMskAroM se prabhAvita yA parAjita nahIM hotA / antataH vaha atIta ke saMskAroM ke prabhAva se baca jAtA hai, karmoM ke AkramaNa ko vaha viphala banA detA hai| jo pUrvakRta karmarAzi tathA saMskAra rAzi, sAdhaka ko prabhAvita karatI hai, usake viruddha aisI pratirodhAtmaka zakti yA paMkti khar3I kara detA hai, jisameM vaha atIta ke saMskAra aura karmoM ke prahAra se baca jAtA hai| yahI karmasiddhAnta kI traikAlika upayogitA hai jise pratyeka adhyAtmasAdhaka ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| 9. (ka) karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 176 (kha) bujjhijjati tiuTTijjA, baMdhaNaM parijANiyA // - sUtrakRtAMga sUtra zru. 1, a. 1 u. 1 gA. 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karmavijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa anya dArzanikoM aura vicArakoM kA karma sambandhI mantavya adhUrA vizva ke prAyaH sabhI dArzanikoM aura vicArakoM ne karmasiddhAnta para apanA-apanA cintana prastuta kiyA hai| bhAratIya tattvacintakoM ne to karmasiddhAnta para kAryakAraNabhAva kI dRSTi se gahana anucintana kiyA hai| vizva ke vizAla maMca para sarvatra prANiyoM kI . vividhatA, vicitratA aura viSamatA dekhakara kucha prabuddha vicArakoM ne karmavijJAna ke sambandha meM gambhIra gaveSaNA kI hai| bhArata ke sAmAnya jana-jIvana kA yaha karmasUtra bhI rahA hai-"karma-pradhAna vizva radhi rAkhA, jo jasa karahi so tasa phala caakhaa|'' prANimAtra ko jo kucha sukha-duHkha kI upalabdhi hotI hai, vaha svakRta karma kA hI pratiphala hai| karma se ba~dhA huA jIva anAdikAla se saMsAra kI nAnA gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| karmavAda ke sambandha meM anya dArzanikoM aura vicArakoM dvArA itanA saba kahane ke bAvajUda bhI kaI darzana karma kI sarvAMgINa evaM sarvaprANigata gatividhi ke viSaya meM apanA cintana prastuta . nahIM kara sake haiN| kaI pAzcAtya dharma evaM darzana to mAnavamAtra taka hI karma kA vicAra prastuta kara sake haiN| ...katipaya bhAratIya evaM pAzcAtya dharmoM evaM darzanoM tathA mata-paMthoM ne to manuSyagati kAhI evaM kevala svarga-naraka taka kA hI vicAra kiyA hai, karma se sarvathA muktirUpa mokSa taka unakI vicAradhArA nahIM pahuMcI hai, ve svarga ke taTa para Akara hI ruka gae haiM; aura manuSyajAti ke kAmanAmUlaka laukika karmoM, sAmAjika karmoM taka hI daur3a lagA sake haiN| unakI gati-mati niSkAma karma taka nahIM pahuMcI hai; aura na hI unhoMne karma se sarvathA mukta hone kA upAya batAyA hai| jaina karmavijJAna kI mahattA kA mUlyAMkana jainakarma-vijJAna kI mahattA isI para se A~kI jA sakatI hai ki usane sarva prANiyoM arthAt ekendriya jIvoM se lekara paMcendriya jIvoM aura unameM bhI nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya 1. rAmacaritamAnasa se| For Personal & Private Use Only

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112 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) aura deva sabhI prakAra ke paMcendriya jIvoM taka kI AtmAoM se sambandha vividha karmoM kI vyApaka mImAMsA kI hai| itanA hI nahIM, jaina karmavijJAna ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki kina-kina kAraNoM se kauna-kauna se karmoM kA bandha hotA hai, tathA kauna-kauna se karmoM ke udaya se manuSya, tiryaJca, nAraka evaM deva; naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya, deva ina cAroM gatiyoM aura inakI vividha yoniyoM meM se kisa-kisa gati aura yoni meM janma le sakate haiN| isase bhI Age bar3hakara jainakarma-vijJAna ne manuSyajAti ke hI nahIM samasta prANimAtra taka ke bhAvoM-pariNAmoM kI citra-vicitra dhArA ke anusAra baMdhanevAle karmoM kI prakRti (svabhAva), usake parimANa (skandha, deza, pradeza aura paramANu rUpa meM mAtrA), tathA usake tIvra, tIvratara, tIvratama, manda, mandatara evaM mandatama bhAvoM se vividha rUpa meM baMdhane tathA udaya meM Ane vAle karmoM kA bhI tathA una-una karmoM kI kAlasImA (sthiti) kA bhI atyanta sUkSmarUpa se vicAra kiyA hai|' jainakarmavijJAna ne saMsAra kI sabhI AtmAoM ko paramAtmasadRza mAnA hai ___ jainakarmavijJAna kI mahattA isI se ujAgara ho jAtI hai ki dUsare darzanoM, dharmo aura mata-paMthoM ne saMsAra kI sabhI AtmAoM ko paramAtmA ke samAna nahIM mAnA; unakA, vizeSataH IzvarakartRtvavAdI darzanoM kA yaha mantavya rahA ki paramAtmA (Izvara) to eka hI ho sakatA hai, vahI sabhI jIvoM kA niyantA, tathA karmaphaladAtA evaM karmapreraka hai, sabhI jIva Izvara bana jAe~ge to unameM paraspara vicAra-bheda-matabheda hoMge aura jagata kI sArI vyavasthA gar3abar3A jaaegii| isa para hamane isI grantha ke dvitIya khaNDa 'karmavAda kA aitihAsika paryAlocana' meM pUrvapakSa aura uttarapakSa ko prastuta karake samasta zaMkAoM kA sayuktika samAdhAna kara diyA hai| yahA~ to jainakarmavijJAna kI mahattA ke sandarbha meM isakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jainakarmavijJAna meM AtmA ke zuddha aura azuddha donoM svarUpoM kA vizada varNana ... vastutaH jainakarmavijJAna meM saMsAra ke samasta AtmAoM ke zuddhasvarUpa kI sthiti kA digdarzana karAne ke lie nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se aisA kathana kiyA hai, ki AtmA kA zuddha, niSkalaMka, karmamukta, nirvikAra svarUpa paramAtmA ke hI samAna hai| kintu sAtha hI karmavijJAna ko yaha batAnA bhI Avazyaka thA ki karmabaddha jIvoM kI AtmA meM 1. (ka) prkRti-sthitynubhaav-prdeshaastdvidhyH| -tattvArthasUtra 8/2 (kha) jogA paDiya-paesa, Thii-aNubhAgaM kasAyao kunni| -paMcama karmagrantha gA. 96 (ga) vistRta vivaraNa ke dekheM 'karmavijJAna' kA bndhprkrnn| 2. dekheM-karmavijJAna prathama bhAga ke dvitIya khaNDa meM 'karmavAda para prahAra aura parikAra' nibandha For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 113 paramAtmabhAva hote hue bhI vaha vartamAna meM karmoM se AvRta hai| isa kAraNa usane karma-bandha kA kAraNa, karma Agamana ke srota evaM karma se AMzika mukti evaM sarvathA mukti ityAdi tathyoM kA sAtha-sAtha meM pratipAdana bhI kiyA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki jainakarmavijJAna vedAntadarzana kI taraha 'sarvaM khalvidaM brahma' yaha sArA hI dRzyamAna jagat brahma hai, kahakara kevala nizcayanaya (Adarza) kI bAta hI kahatA to usake sAmane yaha prazna samupasthita hotA ki saMsAra ke vividha prANiyoM meM gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda (kAma), kaSAya Adi ko lekara pratyakSa dRzyamAna vividhatAe~ visadRzatAe~, viSamatAe~ yA vicitratAe~ kyoM haiM ? prANiyoM kI ye vibhinna avasthAe~, kyoM kaise aura kaba taka ? tathA ina upAdhiyoM se vikRta banI huI evaM AtmA ke vizuddha svabhAva (paramAtmabhAva) se dUra AtmAe~ kaise aura kaba apane zuddha svarUpa ko prApta kara sakeMgI ? ityAdi praznoM kA samAdhAna kiye binA Adarza kI bAta kahatA to vedAnta Adi kI taraha ekAMgI ho jAtA, athavA mImAMsAdarzana kI taraha kevala mAnavajAtilakSyI ho jaataa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainakarmavijJAna ne AtmA ke pAramArthika svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karane ke sAtha-sAtha usake dRzyamAna vartamAnakAlika vyAvahArika svarUpa kA bhI kathana kiyA hai| jainakarmavijJAna ne AtmA kI ina dRzyamAna avasthAoM ko vaibhAvika yA karmopAdhika (vedAnta kI bhASA meM mAyika) batAkara AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa (svabhAva) kI pRthakatA kI sUcanA kI hai| anya darzanoM ke sAhitya meM AtmA kI vikasita dazA kA varNana to vizadarUpa se dekhane ko milatA hai, kintu avikasita dazA meM isakI kyA sthiti hotI hai ? vikAsa ke sarvocca zikhara para pahu~cane se pUrva AtmA ne kina-kina avasthAoM ko pAra kiyA evaM una avasthAoM meM AtmA kI kyA dazA hotI hai ? AtmA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA mUlAdhAra kyA hai ? ina aura isa prakAra kI jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna evaM nirUpaNa bahuta hI alpa * pramANa meM milatA hai| jabaki jainakarmavijJAna ne ina saba tathyoM evaM sthitiyoM kA varNana atI vizada aura vipularUpa meM kiyA hai|' ..jainakarmavijJAna dvArA jIvoM kI sabhI avasthAoM kA varNana tAtparya yaha hai ki jaina-karma-vijJAna sAMsArika jIvoM ke sirpha bheda-prabheda batA kara hI nahIM raha jAtA, apitu unakI bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM kA varNana karane ke sAtha hI yaha zrI nirUpaNa karatA hai ki amuka-amuka avasthAe~ aupAdhika, vaibhAvika yA karmakRta hone 1. (ka) dekheM - karmagrantha bhA. 1 ( paM. sukhalAlajI) prastAvanA pR. 17 (kha) paMcasaMgraha bhA. 7 kA prAkathana ( marUdhara kesarI mizrImala jI mahArAja) pR. 17 For Personal & Private Use Only

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114 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) se asthAyI tathA heya haiM aura amuka-amuka avasthAe~ svAbhAvika hone ke kAraNa sthArya tathA upAdeya haiN|' isase spaSTatayA yaha dhvanita ho jAtA hai ki AtmA kA svabhAva UrdhvagAmI hai, adhyAtma-vikAsazIla hai| aisI sthiti meM vaha vartamAna meM prApta athavA kRtakarmoM ke kAraNa upalaba aupAdhika yA vaibhAvika avasthAoM se kaise mukta ho sakatA hai aura kisa prakAra, kisa vidhi se apanI svAbhAvika evaM vartamAna meM supta jJAna-darzana-cAritra-tapa kI svAbhAvika zaktiyoM ko jAgRta yA prAdurbhUta kara sakatA hai, tathA apane zuddha Atma-svarUpa, zuddha sva-bhAva kA kisa prakAra vikAsa kara sakatA hai ? jainakarmavijJAna kI mahattA ko pramANita karane vAle kArya jainakarma-vijJAna kI mahattA isI se pramANita ho jAtI hai ki usane karmoM kA hI svarUpa, srota, bandha aura unake bheda-prabheda batAkara hI chuTTI nahIM pA lI, apitu isake sAtha hI karmoM se mukta hone tathA Ane vAle naye karmoM ko rokane tathA pahale bAMdhe hue karmoM se chUTane evaM sarvathA karmamukta hone kA upAya bhI saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ke rUpa meM batAyA itanA hI nahIM, zarIra aura AtmA kI abhinnatA athavA zarIra se sambandhita zarIra, aMgopAMga, indriyA~, mana, vANI, buddhi, tathA sva-jana parijana, dhana, makAna, jamIna Adi para-padArthoM-parabhAvoM meM AtmabhAva (AtmA ke jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti rUpa svAbhAvika nijIguNa) ko apanA (merA) mAnane kI ahaMtva-mamatva buddhi ko jainakarma vijJAna pRthak-pRthak vizleSaNa karake batAtA hai| aura sva evaM para ke abheda bhrama ko dUra karake bhedavijJAna kI preraNA detA hai| jinakI ruci aura dRSTi jainakarmavijJAna ke dvArA khula gaI hai, ve sva-para ke abhedabhrama ko dUra karake bheda-vijJAna kI sacAI ko samajha lete haiM, aura bahirAtmA se antarAtmA banakara paramAtmabhAva kI ora apane kadama bar3hAte haiN| phira jainakarmavijJAna pahale karmoM ke ghAtikarUpa ko kSaya karane kI preraNA detA hai| arthAt vaha abhedabhrama ke kAraNa iSTaviyoga-aniSTasaMyoga se utpanna hone vAle Artaraudra dhyAna se haTAkara, bhedavijJAna kI ora jhukAtA hai, dharma-dhyAna meM prerita karatA hai aura phira svAbhAvika abheda dhyAna (zukladhyAna) kI ora jijJAsu evaM mumukSu ko le jAtA hai| isa prakAra jainakarmavijJAna AtmA ko karmoM ke jAla se nikAlakara sarvakarmamukta, sarvaduHkhoM se prahINa, anantajJAnAdicatuSTaya se yukta usa AtmA ko adhyAtma ke sarvocca 1. dekheM-karmagrantha bhA. 4 (paM. sukhalAlajI) kI prastAvanA pR. 7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 115 zikhara para pahu~cane kI preraNA karatA hai| arthAt vaha jijJAsu AtmA ko karmayukta na rahane dekara svakIya AdhyAtmika puruSArtha se usameM paramAtmA banane kA bhAva jAgRta kara detA " jainakarmavijJAna dvArA pratyeka jIva kI karmajanya sabhI avasthAoM kA varNana anya darzana aura dharma-paMtha jahA~ jIvoM ko apane-apane karma ke anusAra phala prApta hone kI sAmAnya bAta kahate haiM, vahA~ jainakarma-vijJAna ne saMsAragata asaMkhya prakAra ke jIvoM kI gati, indriya, kAya, yogatraya, veda, kaSAya, Adi kI apekSA se karmabandha, karmodaya, karma kI sattA, Adi kA pRthak-pRthak vizleSaNa kiyA hai, inakI pRthak-pRthak mArgaNA ke mAdhyama se| jIvoM kI ananta bhinnatA kA caudaha mArgaNAoM dvArA vargIkaraNa banAvaTa, cU~ki saMsAra meM ananta jIva haiN| pratyeka jIva kA bAhya aura Antarika jIvana bhI eka-dUsare se pRthak-pRthak hai / zarIra kI AkRti, racanA, DIla-Daula, indriyoM kI raMga-rUpa, cAla-DhAla, kada, zarIrazakti, vicArazakti, manobala, kaSAyAdi vikAra-janya bhAva aura AcaraNa (cAritra) Adi samasta viSayoM meM eka jIva dUsare jIva se bhinna haiN| aura yaha bhinnatA karmajanita audayika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika tathA zAyika bhAvoM para evaM sahaja pAriNAmika bhAvoM para nirbhara hai| ina ananta bhinnatAoM ko karmavijJAnapAraMgata jJAnI maharSiyoM ne apane pratyakSa anubhava ke AdhAra para saMkSepa meM caudaha vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| inheM mArgaNA zabda se paribhASita kiyA gayA hai, vaha isalie ki 'jisa prakAra se athavA gati Adi jina avasthAoM - paryAyoM Adi meM saMsArI jIvoM ko dekhA gayA hai, unakI usI rUpa meM mArgaNA - gaveSaNA yA vicAraNA karanA hI mArgaNA' hai|' saMsAra ke ananta - ananta jIvoM kI bAhya evaM Antarika karmajanya ananta bhinnatAoM ke ukta buddhigamya vargIkaraNa ko karmavijJAnazAstra meM 'mArgaNA' kahA gayA hai| ye 14 mArgaNAe~ isa prakAra haiM (1) gatimArgaNA, (2) indriyamArgaNA, (3) kAyamArgaNA, (4) yoga-mArgaNA, (5) veda-mArgaNA, (6) kaSAyamArgaNA, (7) jJAnamArgaNA, (8) saMyama - mArgaNA, (9) darzana-mArgaNA, (10) lezyAmArgaNA, (11) bhavya - mArgaNA, (12) samyaktvamArgaNA, 1. jainadharma kA prANa (paM. sukhalAlajI) uddhRta (adhyAtma vijJAna pravezikA ) se pR. 3 (ka) jAhiM va jAsu va jIvA maggijjete, jahA tahA diTThA / (kha) tRtIya karma grantha (marudhara kesarI mizrImala jI mahArAja) prastAvanA (zrIcaMdajI surAnA devakumAra jaina) se pR. 2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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116 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) (13) saMjJimArgaNA aura (14) aahaar-maargnnaa|' ina caudaha vibhAgoM ke 62 avAntara bheda haiN| inake lakSaNa tathA ina mArgaNA kI vidhi ke viSaya meM hamane isI grantha ke prathama khaNDa meM 'karma ke astitva kA mukhya kAraNa : jagata-vaicitrya' zIrSaka nibandha meM saMkSipta nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ataH yahA~ isa viSaya meM adhika na kaha kara itanA hI kahanA hai, jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne saMsAra ke ananta jIvoM kI ananta bhinnatAoM kA karmajanya nirUpaNa bahuta hI khUbI se kiyA hai| jIvoM kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama 14 guNasthAnoM meM ___ sAtha hI ina 14 prakAra kI mArgaNAoM ke mAdhyama se jIvoM ke AdhyAtmika guNoM ke vikAsa-krama kI 14 avasthAoM kA bhI nirUpaNa jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne kiyA hai| jIvoM ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jJAnI puruSoM ne isa prakAra se bhI 14 sopAna nirdhArita kiye haiM, jinheM jainadarzana kI paribhASA meM guNasthAna kahA jAtA ___AdhyAtmika vidyA ke pratyeka adhyetA kI yaha svAbhAvika jijJAsA hotI hai ki AtmA kisa prakAra kaSAyoM aura trividhayogoM ke kAraNa sambaddha karmoM se kramazaH chuTakArA pAkara kisa krama se AdhyAtmika vikAsa karatA hai, tathA vikAsa ke samaya use kaisI-kaisI avasthA kI anubhUti hotI hai ? isa jijJAsA kI pUrti kI dRSTi se bhI jainakarma vijJAna-marmajJoM ne vibhinna jIvoM ke vikAsa-mArga kI ina kramika asaMkhyAta avasthAoM ko 14 bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| ina 14 vikAsa-sthitiyoM ko caturdaza guNasthAna' kA gayA hai| isa guNasthAna krama vibhAga meM jJAnIjana jIvoM kI moha karma aura ajJAna kI prathama guNasthAnavartI pragAr3hatama- nimnatama avasthA se lekara jIva kI moharahita evaM yogarahita 1. (ka) gai-iMdie ya kAe joe-vee-ksaay-naannesu| saMjama-daMsaNa-lesA bhava-samme snni-aahaare| caturtha karmagrantha gA. 9 (kha) gai-iMdiesu kAye joge vede kasAya-NANe y| saMjama-daMsaNa-lessA bhaviyA smmtt-snnnni-aahaar|| gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) gA.141 2. dekheM-karmavijJAna prathama khaNDa meM 'karma ke astitva kA mukhya kAraNa : jagat-vaicitrya' zIrSaka nibandha caudaha guNasthAna ye haiM-(1) mithyAtva, (2) sAsvAdana, (3) mizra, (4) avirati samyagdRSTi, (5) dezavirati zrAvaka, (6) pramattasaMyata, (7) apramattasaMyata, (8) niyaTTibAdara, (9) aniyaTTibAdara, (10) sUkSmasamparAya (11) upazAntamoha, (12) kSINamoha, (13) sayogikevalI, aura (14) ayogikevalI gunnsthaan| -samavAyAMga 14vAM samavAya For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 117 karmoM se sarvathA mukta caturdaza guNasthAnavartI jJAnAdi ananta catuSTayayukta uccatama avasthA-muktadazA taka kA nirUpaNa karate haiN| karmavijJAna isa gaNasthAnakrama dvArA yaha batAtA hai ki gAr3ha karmabaddha jIva nimnatama mithyAtvadazA se zanaiHzanaiH mohakarma ke AvaraNoM ko dUra karatA huA tathA ratnatraya sAdhanA se karmoM kA sarvathA kSaya karatA huA, AtmA ke nijI guNoM-jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti kA kisa prakAra vikAsa karake caudahaveM guNasthAna taka pahu~ca jAtA hai|' jainakarmavaijJAnikoM ne pratyeka prakAra ke jIva ke atha se iti taka, arthAt janma se mutyuparyanta hI nahIM, saMsAra dazA (karmabaddhatA) se lekara mokSadazA (sarvathA karmamukti) prApta maine taka kI vividha avasthAoM kA nirUpaNa karmavijJAna dvArA kiyA hai| pratyeka jIva kI vizeSatA batAne ke lie pA~ca viSayoM kA nirUpaNa isa uddezya kI siddhi ke lie unhoMne karmavijJAna meM bahuta hI sUkSmatA se nimnokta 1 viSayoM kA mukhyatayA nirUpaNa kiyA hai-(1) jIvasthAna, (2) mArgaNAsthAna, (3) guNasthAna, (4) audayika Adi pA~ca bhAva evaM (5) sNkhyaa| bIvasthAna kA 14 bhedoM meM vargIkaraNa sarvaprathama jIvasthAna meM sAMsArika avasthA kI apekSA se karmabaddha jIvoM ke 14 gheda(sthAna) batAe gae haiM-(1) sUkSma ekendriya, (2) bAdara ekendriya, (3) dvIndriya, (4) baudriya, (5) caturindriya, (6) asaMjJi-paMcendriya, aura (7) saMjJipaMcendriya; ina sAtoM ke dhAMta aura aparyAptarUpa se do-do prakAra haiN| isa prakAra jIvoM ko saMkSepa meM kula 14 bhedoM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| inameM jIvatvarUpa sAmAnya dharma kI apekSA se samAnatA hone para bhI vyakti kI apekSA se jIva ananta haiN| inakI karmajanya avasthAe~ bhI ananta haiN| chamastha ke lie pratyeka jIva kI vyaktizaH avasthA kA jJAna prApta karanA sambhava nahIM hai, isalie vizeSaparzI zAstrakAroM evaM karmavijJAnamarmajJoM ne sUkSma ekendriyatva Adi jAti kI apekSA se so 14 varga kiye haiN| jinameM sabhI prakAra ke saMsArI jIvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| bIvasthAna, guNasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna evaM bhAva meM kauna heya, kauna upAdeya? vastutaH jIvasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna aura guNasthAna tathA paMcabhAva, ye sAMsArika 1. guNasthAnoM ke svarUpa kA vizeSa varNana uttarArddha ke bandha prakaraNa meM dekheN| 1. karmagranya bhAga 4 (paM. sukhalAlajI) prastAvanA pR. 7 1. iha suhama-bAyaregidi - bi - ti - cau - asaMni - saMni - pNciNdii| apajjattA - pajjattA, kameNa caudasa jiytttthaannaa|| -karmagrantha bhAga 4, gA. 2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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118 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jIvoM kI vividha avasthAe~ haiN| jIvasthAna ke nirUpaNa se yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki jIvasthAnarUpa 14 avasthAe~ jAti-sApekSa haiM, athavA zArIrika racanA ke vikAsa-yA indriyoM kI nyUnAdhika saMkhyA para nirbhara haiN| vAstava meM ye saba karmakRta (karmopAdhika) yA vaibhAvika hone ke kAraNa AtmA se bhinna haiM, para haiM, azAzvata haiM, svakIya nahIM haiM, ata: ____ mArgaNAsthAna ke bodha se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki sabhI mArgaNAe~ jIva va svAbhAvika avasthA rUpa nahIM haiN| kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, kSAyika samyaktva, kSAyiH cAritra aura anAhArakatva ke atirikta zeSa saba mArgaNAe~ nyUnAdhikarUpa meM sva-bhAva bAhya haiN| ataeva AtmA ke pUrNa zuddha svarUpa kI prApti ke icchuka jIvoM ke lie antataH heya hI haiN| guNasthAna ke parijJAna se yaha vidita ho jAtA hai ki guNasthAna AdhyAtmika utkrAnti karane vAlI AtmAoM kI uttarottara vikAsa sUcaka bhUmikAe~ haiN| pUrva-pUrva bhUmikA ke samaya uttara-uttaravartI bhUmikA upAdeya hone para bhI caudahavIM paripUrNa vikAsa kI bhUmikA prApta kara lene ke bAda sabhI bhUmikAe~ svataH hI chUTa jAtI haiN| paMca bhAvoM kA parijJAna hone para yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai ki kSAyika bhAvoM ko chor3akara anya saba bhAva, bhale hI utkrAntikAla meM upAdeya hoM, para anta meM heya hI haiN| isa prakAra jainakarmavijJAna ne AtmA kA svAbhAvika svarUpa kyA hai aura asvAbhAvika kyA hai, isakA viveka karake karmamukta svAbhAvika avasthA ko prApta karane kA saMketa kara diyA hai| isase pratyeka jijJAsu aura mumukSu hI nahIM, sAmAnya bodha vane mAnava ko bhI jainakarmavijJAna kI mahattA kA anubhava ho sakatA hai| guNasthAna-nirUpaNa kA uddezya jainakarmavijJAnamarmajJoM kA karma ke sandarbha meM guNasthAnoM kA nirUpaNa karane kA uddezya bhI yahI thA ki sAMsArika jIva, pahalI nikRSTa gAr3ha mithyAtva evaM ajJAna ke avasthA se nikala kara apanI Atmika sva-bhAvacetanA, cAritra Adi guNoM ke vikAsa kI badaulata zanaiH zanaiH una zaktiyoM ke vikAsAnurUpa utkrAnti karatA huA vikAsa ke sarvocca zikhara-antima sImA taka pahu~ce, jo ki AtmA kA parama sAdhya hai| 1. ekaH sadA zAzvatiko mamA'tmA, vinirmalaH sAdhigamasvabhAvaH / bahirbhavAH santyapare samastAH, na zAzvatAH karmabhavAH svakIyAH // -sAmAyika pATha (amitagati) zloka 26 2. karmagrantha caturtha (paM. sukhalAlajI) prastAvanA pR. 8-9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 119 isa parama sAdhya kI siddhi hone taka AtmA ko uttarottara kramazaH aneka avasthAoM se gujaranA par3atA hai| inhIM avasthAoM kI zreNI ko vikAsakrama, athavA jainakarmazAstrIya bhASA meM guNasthAnakrama kahate haiN| jainakarma-vijJAna ke dvArA pratyeka mumukSu yA jijJAsu vyakti AtmA ke antima sAdhya ko spaSTataH samajha sakatA hai ki yahI vikAsa kI parAkASThA hai,paramAtmabhAva ke sAtha tAdAtmya hai, sAkSAtkAra hai, jIva se ziva honA hai, athavA vedAnta darzanasammata brahmabhAva hai| aura yaha bhI spaSTa jAna jAtA hai ki isa sAdhya taka pahu~cane ke lie AtmA ko kina-kina bAdhaka tattvoM, virodhI-saMskAroM athavA karmoM ke kAraNabhUta kaSAyoM yA mohakarma Adi ke sAtha jUjhanA, unheM dabAnA, rokanA aura unheM parAsta karanA par3atA hai ? jIvasthAnoM meM guNasthAna kA, mArgaNAsthAnoM meM donoM kA nirUpaNa jainakarmavijJAna itanA hI bodha karAkara nahIM raha jAtA, balki vaha vibhinna jIvasthAnoM meM guNasthAnoM kA nirUpaNa bhI karatA hai, tathA karmoM ke bandha, udaya, udIraNA aura sattA kA bhI pratipAdana karatA hai| tathA caudaha mArgaNAsthAnoM meM jIvasthAna aura guNasthAna kA bhI nirUpaNa karatA hai| tathA caudaha guNasthAnoM meM bhI jIvasthAna, yoga, upayoga, lezyA, karmaviSayaka bandhahetu, bandha, udaya, udIraNA, sattA aura alpa-bahutva ina dasa viSayoM kA varNana karatA hai| mArgaNA aura guNasthAna meM antara ___ mArgaNAsthAna meM kiyA jAne vAlA vicAra karma kI avasthAoM ke tAratamya kA sUcaka nahIM hai, kintu mArgaNAoM dvArA zArIrika, mAnasika evaM AdhyAtmika bhinnatAoM se ghire hue sAMsArika jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai; jabaki guNasthAnoM dvArA jIva se sambaddha karmapaTaloM ke, khAsakara mohanIya karma ke taratamabhAvoM aura mana-vacana-kAya vyApArarUpa yogoM kI pravRtti-nivRtti kA bodha prApta kiyA jAtA hai| mArgaNAe~ jIvoM ke vikAsa krama kI bodhaka nahIM haiM, kintu ve unake svAbhAvikavaibhAvika rUpoM kA vividharUpa se pRthakkaraNa karatI haiN| isake viparIta, guNasthAna jIvoM ke vikAsa krama ko batAte haiM, tathA vikAsa kI kramika avasthAoM kA saMkSipta vargIkaraNa karate haiN| mArgaNAeM sAMsArika jIva kI sahabhAvinI haiM, jabaki guNasthAna kramabhAvI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki pratyeka jIva meM kisI na kisI prakAra se eka sAtha caudaha mArgaNAe~ pAI 1. karmagrantha dvitIya (paM. sukhalAlajI) prastAvanA pR. 7 2. caturtha karmagrantha (paM. sukhalAlajI) prastAvanA pR. 7 se| For Personal & Private Use Only

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120 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jAtI haiM, jabaki guNasthAna eka jIva meM amuka kAla taka caudaha meM se eka hI ho sakatA hai| karmoM ke uttarottara kSaya athavA mohakarma ke uttarottara mandatara hone se pUrva-pUrva gaNasthAnoM ko chor3akara uttarottara ucca guNasthAna prApta kiye jA sakate haiM aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko vRddhiMgata kiyA jA sakatA hai; kinta pUrva-pUrva mArgaNAoM ko chor3akara na to uttarottara mArgaNA prApta kI jA sakatI hai, aura na hI inase AdhyAtmika vikAsa hI siddha hotA hai| terahaveM guNasthAna ko prApta kevalajJAnI tathA ghAtikarmacatuSTayarahita jIva meM kaSAya ko chor3akara sabhI mArgaNAe~ pAI jAtI haiM, magara guNasthAna kevala eka hI terahavA pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra caudahaveM guNasthAna meM bhI tIna-cAra mArgaNAoM ke sivAya sabhI mArgaNAe~ hotI haiM, jo vikAsa meM bAdhaka nahIM haiM, para guNasthAna kevala antima caudahavAM hotA hai| jIvasthAna evaM mArgaNAsthAna meM kauna heya, jJeya, upAdeya? jIvasthAna jIvoM ke zArIrika vikAsa aura indriyoM kI nyUnAdhikatA kA bodhaka hai| jIvasthAna karmajanya hone se heya hI haiN| mArgaNAsthAnoM meM jo asvAbhAvika haiM, ve heya haiM, kintu guNasthAna vikAsa kI zreNiyA~ hone se jJeya evaM upAdeya haiN| karmavijJAna se inake dvArA yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki isa sthiti meM vartamAna jIva ne vikAsa kI kisa bhUmikA para ArohaNa kara liyA hai aura vikAsonmukhI AtmA Age kisa avasthA ko prApta kara skegii| - vastutaH mArgaNAsthAna ke 62 bhedoM meM 14 jIvasthAnoM tathA guNasthAnoM kI sambhAvanA kA anveSaNa karake jainakarmavijJAna ne apanI mahattA siddha kara dI hai| anyadarzanoM meM karma-sambandhI varNana nAmamAtra kA hai __anya karmatattvanirUpaka darzanoM evaM dharmoM meM karmoM ke viSaya meM vizeSa vivaraNa prApta nahIM hotaa| yoga darzana meM heya, heyahetu, hAna aura hAnopAya batAkara sAmAnyarUpa se ko ke bandha, mokSa aura saMvara-nirjarA kA saMketa jarUra kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra bauddhadarzana 1. tRtIya karmagranya (marudhara kesarI jI mahArAja) pR. 3 2. mArgaNA ke 62 bheda-gati 4, indriya 5, kAya 6, yoga 3, veda 3, kaSAya 4, jJAna 8, saMyama 7, darzana 4, lezyA 6, bhavya 2, samyaktva 6, saMjJI 2 tathA AhAramArgaNA 2 / - karmagrantha bhAga 3 (marudhara kesarI jI mahArAja) pR. 8 3. dekheM-yogadarzana meM-"heyaM duHkhmnaagtm| draSTadRzyayoH saMyogo heyhetuH| tadabhAvAt saMyogAbhAvo - hAnaM tad dRzeH kaivlym| vivekakhyAtiraviplavA haanopaayH|" -yogadarzana sAdhanapAda sU. 16, 17, 25, 26 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 121 duHkha, duHkha samudaya, duHkhahAna evaM duHkhahAnopAya bhI ina cAra tattvoM kA sUcaka hai, kintu ina donoM darzanoM ne inakA vizeSa vizleSaNa evaM spaSTIkaraNa nahIM kiyA hai, jabaki jainakarmavijJAna ne bandha, Asrava, mokSa, nirjarA evaM saMvara ina pA~ca tattvoM dvArA tathA Amnava evaM baMdha ke antargata puNya-pApa ko samAviSTa karane se sAta tatvoM dvArA sarvAMgapUrNa vivecana evaM vizleSaNa karake jagat ke jIvoM ko mahAna preraNA dI hai| itanA hI nahIM, jainakarmavijJAna ne paMca saMgraha nAmaka bRhatgrantha dvArA yogopayogamArgaNA, bandhaka (karma bA~dhane vAle jIva), bandhavya (bA~dhane yogya aSTavidhakarma), bandhahetu (baMdha ke kAraNa rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya aura yoga athavA mithyAtvAdi pA~ca) evaM bandha (karmaparamANuoM kA AtmapradezoM meM eka kSetrAvagAha ho jAnA) tathA bandha vidhi (bandha ke prakRtibandhAdi cAra prakAra) kA sAMgopAMga varNana karake karmasiddhAnta ke pratipAdakoM meM sarvopari sthAna prApta kara liyA hai|' karmaprakRtiyoM ke sAtha bandhAdi kA nirUpaNa jaina karma vijJAna meM hI isake atirikta chaha karmagranthoM dvArA jainakarmavijJAnamarmajJoM ne karma kI mUla tathA uttara prakRtiyoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke sAtha-sAtha guNasthAna- krama ko AdhAra banAkara jIvoM kI bandha, udaya, uMdIraNA aura sattA kA varNana bhI bahuta sUkSmatA se kiyA hai| guNasthAna-krama ke AdhAra para jIva kI baMdhAdi - yogyatA kA nirUpaNa jaina karma vijJAna meM saMsArI jIva ananta haiN| unameM se eka-eka vyakti kA nirdeza karake usakI bandhAdi sambandhI yogyatA batAnA asambhava hai aura eka vyakti kI bhI bandhAdi se sambandhita yogyatA sadaiva eka-sI nahIM rahatI; vaha bhI pariNAmoM kI dhArA ke parivartana ke sAtha pratikSaNa badalA karatI hai| ataH karmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne dehadhArI jIvoM kI Antarika zuddhi kI utkrAnti-apakrAnti ke AdhAra para unako 14 bhedoM (sthAnoM) meM vargIkRta kiyA hai, jise guNasthAna - krama kahate haiM / 14 guNasthAnoM ke mAdhyama se ananta dehadhAriyoM kI bandhAdi sambandhI yogyatA batalAnA bahuta hI AsAna ho gayA / aura eka jIva (vyakti) kI bandhAdi yogyatA, jo pratisamaya badalA karatI hai, usakA pratipAdana bhI 14 meM se kisI na kisI guNasthAna dvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina karma vijJAna marmajJoM dvArA sAMsArika jIvoM kI Antarika zuddhi ke tAratamya kA pUrNatayA vaijJAnika tathA anubhavasiddha jA~ca-par3atAla karake guNasthAna - krama ke 14 vibhAgoM ke nirUpaNa se yaha batalAnA yA samajhanA sugama ho gayA hai ki amuka prakAra kI Antarika azuddhiyA 1. dekheM - paMcasaMgraha ( candrarSimahattara) bhA. 1 gA. 3 For Personal & Private Use Only

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122 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) vizuddhi vAlA jIva, itanI hI karma-prakRtiyoM ke bandha kA, udaya kA, udIraNA aura sattA kA adhikArI ho sakatA hai| arthAt-guNasthAna-krama ko lekara pratyeka guNasthAnavartI jIvoM kI bandha, udaya, udIraNA aura sattA se sambandhita yogyatA vizadaM rUpa se batA dI jaina karmavijJAna meM karma kA kramabaddha, vyavasthita aura vistRta cintana jaina darzana meM karma siddhAnta kI Adya ikAI hai-karma kA svruup| karma ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke vibhinna mata haiN| koI karma ko cetananiSTha mAnatA hai, aura koI acetana kA pariNAma mAnate haiN| isa mata-vibhinnatA ke kAraNa karma ke astitva kA svIkAra karane ke bAvajUda bhI ve dArzanika karmavAda ke antar-rahasya kA udghATana nahIM kara ske| kintu jainakarmavijJAna ne karmavijJAna para jaisA suvyavasthita, kramabaddha cintana prastuta kiyA hai, vaisA anya dArzanikoM ne nahIM kiyaa| vaidika aura bauddha-paramparA meM karma-viSayaka koI mahattvapUrNa grantha yA zAstra upalabdha nahIM hai, jabaki jaina paramparA meM karma kA atIva sUkSma, suvyavasthita evaM vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| karmavijJAna se sambandhita karmagrantha, paMcasaMgraha, kammapayaDi gommaTasAra, mahAbaMdho, kasAyapAhuDa, baMdhavihANe, ThiibaMdho, aNubhAgabaMdho, payaDibaMdhI Adi mahattvapUrNa vipula grantha jaina paramparA meM milate haiN| AgamoM evaM Agametara granthoM meM bhI yatra-tatra karma se sambandhita carcAe~ pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha haiN| atha se iti taka uThane vAle praznoM kA samAdhAna jaina karma vijJAna meM ___kahanA hogA ki jaina karma vijJAna ne atha se iti taka uThane vAle karma se sambandhita praznoM ko samAhita kiyA hai| kucha prazna isa prakAra haiM-karma kyA hai? karma acetana paudgalika hai aura AtmA cetana hai, aisI sthiti meM AtmA ke sAtha karma kA bandha kaise hotA hai ? kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? kisa kAraNa se karma meM kaisI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai? karma adhika se adhika aura kama se kama kitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha sambaddha rahatA hai ? AtmA se sambaddha karma kitane samaya taka phala nahIM de pAtA? vipAka kA niyata samaya athavA phala badalA jA sakatA hai yA nahIM? yadi badalA jA sakatA hai to usake lie kaise Atma-pariNAma hone cAhie? kyA eka karma dUsare karma rUpa meM parivartita ho sakatA hai ? usakI baMdhakAlIna tIvra-manda zaktiyA~ kaise badalI jA sakatI haiM ? bAda meM vipAka (phala) dene vAlA karma pahale kaba aura kisa prakAra bhogA jA sakatA hai ? AtmA ke saikar3oM prayAsoM ke bAvajUda bhI karma kA vipAka binA bhoge kyoM nahIM chUTatA ?, kitanA hI balavAna karma ho, kintu usakA vipAka zuddha Atma-pariNAmoM se kaise roka diyA jAtA hai ? AtmA karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA kisa taraha hai ? saMklezarUpa pariNAma apanI AkarSaNa zakti se For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI mahattA ke mApadaNDa 123 AtmA para eka prakAra kI sUkSma karmaraja kA paTala kisa prakAra DAla dete haiM ? AtmA apanI vIryollAsa zakti se aise sUkSmaraja ke paTala ko kaise uThA pheMkatA hai ? svabhAvataH zuddha AtmA bhI karma ke prabhAva se kaise malina-sA pratIta hotA hai ? sahasroM bAhya AvaraNoM ke hote hue bhI AtmA kisa prakAra apane zuddha svarUpa ko abhivyakta kara letA hai ? vaha apanI utkrAntivelA meM pUrvabaddha tIvrakarmoM ko bhI kisa prakAra kSaya kara DAlatA hai? jaba AtmA apane paramAtma-svarUpa ke darzana hetu utsuka hotA hai, usa samaya usake aura antarAyamUlaka karma ke bIca kaisA dvandvayuddha hotA hai ? aura anta meM vIryavAn AtmA kina pariNAmoM se balavAn karmoM ko parAsta kara detA hai ? isa zarIrastha Atma-mandira meM virAjamAna paramAtma deva kA sAkSAtkAra karAne vAle sahayaka pariNAmoM (apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa) kA kyA svarUpa hai? kucha dera ke lie upazAnta karma kisa prakAra gulAMTa khAkara pragatizIla AtmA ko pachAr3a dete haiM ? kauna-kauna-se karma bandha aura udaya kI apekSA paraspara virodhI haiM ? kisa karma kA bandha kisa avasthA meM avazyambhAvI aura kisa avasthA meM aniyata hai ? kina karmoM kA phala dera se milatA hai ? atIndriya Atma-sambaddha karma kisa prakAra kI AkarSaNa zakti se sthUla karmayogya pudgaloM ko khIMca letA hai ? aura unase zarIra, indriya, bhASA, mana, taijas, kArmaNa zarIra Adi kA nirmANa karatA hai ?' ye aura isI prakAra ke anyAnya karma se sambandhita saMkhyAtIta praznoM kA sayuktika aura vizada samAdhAna jaina karma vijJAna ke sAhitya ke sivAya anya kisI bhI darzana ke sAhitya meM nahIM miltaa| yahI jaina karma vijJAna kI mahattA hai| jaina karma vijJAna bhI kriyA-pratikriyA ke niyama para AdhArita bhautika vijJAna kI mahattA jisa prakAra usake kriyA aura pratikriyA ke aTala niyama se siddha hotI hai usI prakAra jaina karmavijJAna kI mahattA bhI kriyA-pratikriyA ke aTala niyama se siddha hotI hai| mahAn vaijJAnika nyUTana ne eka siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA ki kriyA aura pratikriyA eka sAtha hotI rahatI haiM, arthAt-jIva jaba koI kriyA (karma) karatA hai to usakI pratikriyA usake dvArA kRta karmAnusAra usakI AtmA para avazya aMkita hotI hai| jaina karma vijJAna bhI isI siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karatA hai ki jaba koI jIva mana se, vacana se yA kAyA se koI kriyA karatA hai to usake nikaTavartI cAroM ora ke sUkSma paramANuoM meM halana-calana kriyA pratikriyA rUpa meM utpanna ho jAtI hai| vijJAna ke Adhanika AviSkAra betAra ke tAra (Wireless Telegraphy), reDiyo, TelIvijana Adi ke kArya se yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki ye jaba kArya karate haiM to 1. draSTavya,-paMcasaMgraha bhA. 6 (marudhara kesarI mizrImala jI ma.) prastAvanA pR. 13 For Personal & Private Use Only

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124 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) samIpavartI vAyumaNDala meM halacala utpanna hokara usase utpanna lahareM dUra-dUra taka phaila jAtI haiN| unhIM laharoM ke pahuMcane se, binA tAra ke ve zabda evaM AkAra reDiyo, TelIvijana Adi meM bahuta dUra-dUra taka pahu~ca jAte haiM aura unheM jisa sthAna para cAheM vahIM para aMkita kara sakate haiN| isI prakAra kArmaNavargaNA ke sUkSma paramANu AtmA kI ora AkarSita hote hue AtmA ke vAstavika svarUpa ko, AtmA ke jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti Adi guNoM ko AcchAdita kara dete haiN| vastutaH jaina karmavijJAna karma ko 'kampyUTara' ke samAna batAtA hai, jo kriyA karate hI usake sAtha rAga-dveSa kI mAtrA evaM prakRti ke anusAra karma ko kArmaNazarIra ke rUpa meM AtmA para aMkita kara detA hai| jaina karma vijJAna inhIM karma paramANuoM ko sthUlarUpa se jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, AyuSya, nAmakarma, gotrakarma aura antarAyakarma; ina 8 mUla bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake unakI 158 uttara prakRtiyA~ batAtA hai| inakA sUkSma vizleSaNa, jisameM pratyeka jIva ke kaNa-kaNa aura kSaNa-kSaNa meM ba~dhane vAle, saMcita (sattA meM) rahane vAle, udaya meM Ane vAle, udIraNA kiye jAne tathA saMkramita kiye jAne vAle karmoM kA bArIka lekhA-jokhA hai| sAtha meM ina AThoM hI karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNoM, sahakAraNoM, nimitta kAraNoM Adi kA bhI varNana vistRtarUpa se jainakarmavijJAna meM kiyA hai| ina sabake atirikta jaina karma vijJAna ke sandarbha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne saMsAra ke prANiyoM vizeSataH mAnavoM ko yaha AzAspada sandeza diyA ki "cAhe karor3oM bhavoM ke karma saMcita ho gae hoM, bAhya Abhyantara tapa ke dvArA unakA nirjaraNa (kSaya) kiyA jA sakatA hai|" saMcita karmoM kA kSaya : saMvara aura tapa se vaijJAnika DhaMga se siddha hai svayaM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane pUrva janmoM ke saMcita karmoM ko, jo unase pUrva hue 23 tIrthaMkaroM ke sAre karmoM ko milAkara barAbara the, apanI ugra tapasyA dvArA kSaya kara diyaa| tabhI to anya saba tIrthaMkaroM kI apekSA bha. mahAvIra ke tapa ko Avazyakaniyukti meM ugra tapa batAyA hai| ataH karmavijJAna ne vaijJAnika DhaMga se yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki saMvara se navya karmanirodha aura tapa (nirjarA) se prAcIna karmakSaya karake AtmA ko akriya-siddha-buddha mukta banAyA jA sakatA hai| jaina karma vijJAna kI mahattA ke ye sarvatobhadra vilakSaNa mApadaNDa haiN| 1. "bhavakoDi-saMciyaM kammaM tavasA nijjrijji|" -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 2. 'uggaM ca tavokammaM visesato vddhmaannss|' -Avazyaka niyukti 3. savaNe nANe ya vinnANe, paccakkhANe ya sNjme| aNAsave tave ceva, vodANe akiriya siddhi // -bhagavatI sUtra For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karmavijJAna kI vizeSatA jainakarma-vijJAna : sarvAMgINa jIvana-vijJAna jainadarzana kA karma-vijJAna samagra jIvana se yAnI jIvana ke sthUla sUkSma kAryakalApoM se sambandhita hone ke kAraNa jIvana-vijJAna hai| isameM jIvana kA janma se lekara mRtyu taka kA, bAlyAvasthA, yuvAvasthA, praur3hAvasthA aura vRddhAvasthA kA, tathA isa jIvana se pahale ke aneka jIvanoM ke acche-bure karmoM kA lekhAjokhA hai| itanA hI nahIM, isameM vartamAna jIvana ke AdhAra para bhAvI jIvana kA citraNa bhI hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to jaina karma vijJAna meM, traikAlika jIvana kI samasta sthitiyoM kA sarvAMgapUrNa vivecana hai| isameM pratyeka jIva kA janma kyoM, kaba, kaise, kahA~ aura kisa prakAra ke saMyogoM meM hotA hai ? janma lene ke anantara tana, mana, vacana, indriya, AhAra, zvAsocchvAsa tathA dazavidha prANa Adi kaise, kina kAraNoM se prApta hote haiM ? inase sambandhita vikAra kauna-kauna-se haiM? una vikAroM kI utpatti kaise hotI hai ? unake kAraNa aura nivAraNopAya kyA-kyA haiM ? ityAdi samasta viSayoM para vizada prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isalie jainakarmavijJAna ko sarvAMgINa jIvanavijJAna kahane meM koI atyukti nahIM haiN| jainakarmavijJAna : karmAvRta dazA ke sAtha-sAtha karmamukta dazA kA bhI prarUpaka jainakarmavijJAna kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha AtmA kI kevala karmAvRta dazA kA hI varNana karake nahIM raha jAtA, apitu usakI karmamukta dazA kA bhI varNana karatA hai| arthAt zuddha AtmA karmoM se kaise lipta ho jAtI hai ? karmoM ke bandha hone ke bAda vaha AtmA para kyA-kyA prabhAva DAlatA hai ? kisa-kisa prakAra kI sthiti meM pahu~cA detA hai ? isa prakAra karmayukta dazA kA bhI vaha sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa karatA hai to sAtha hI yaha bhI nirUpaNa karatA hai ki vaha zubha-azubha karmoM se kaise baca sakatA hai ? tathA pahale bA~dhe hue karmoM se chuTakArA kaise pA sakatA hai ? karmoM kA jatthA bahuta adhika ho aura Ayu svalpa ho, athavA pApakarmoM kA bandhana adhika ho, puNyakarmoM kA kama ho to kaise usa vipula saMcita karmarAzi ko alpakAla meM hI bhoga kara kSINa kara sakatA hai ? athavA azubha ko zubha meM kaise parivartita kara sakatA hai aura anta meM karmoM se sarvathA mukta kaise ho sakatA hai ? For Personal & Private Use Only

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126 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) thor3e-se zabdoM meM kaheM to jIva karmayukta sAmAnya AtmA se karmamukta paramAtmA kaise bana sakatA hai ? isakI sArI AdyopAnta vidhi bhI jainakarmavijJAna spaSTa batAtA hai| jainakarma-vijJAna : ekezvaravAda ke badale ananta-paramAtmavAda kA samarthaka anya katipaya darzana jahA~ Izvara ko jagat kA niyantA tathA karmaphala bhugatAne vAlA mAnakara usa eka hI Izvara (paramAtmA) ko mAnate haiM, aura anya kisI AtmA ko paramAtma-pada prApta karane kA adhikAra nahIM dete| usa ekezvaravAda ko-eka kI monopolI (ekAdhikAra) ko jainakarmavijJAna nahIM maantaa| usakA kahanA hai ki Izvara (paramAtmA) bhI cetana hai, saMsArI AtmA bhI cetana hai, donoM meM antara yahI hai ki paramAtmA karmamukta hai, saMsArI AtmA karmayukta hai| agara saMsArI AtmA jJAnAdi kI tathA vItarAgatA Adi kI sAdhanA karake ghAtI evaM aghAtI sabhI karmoM se rahita ho jAe, to use karmamukta niraMjana nirAkAra siddha-buddha-mukta paramAtmA banane meM kauna-sI Apatti hai? jainakarmavijJAna kI yahI vizeSatA hai ki usane ekezvaravAda kI mAnyatA se viparIta karmoM se sarvathA mukta ananta siddha-buddha-mukta paramAtmA banane kI mAnyatA para jora diyA hai|' jainakarma-vijJAna : anantajJAnAdi catuSTaya-prApti kA preraka jainakarmavijJAna kI isa sarala, sarasa, sugama evaM vyavasthita tathA kramabaddha rIti-nIti ko apanAkara mAnavamAtra rAga-dveSa, kaSAya, kAma, moha Adi karmabandha ke kAraNoM se dUra rahakara janma, jarA, maraNa, bhaya, zoka, rati, arati, jugupsA, kAmavAsanA, tanAva, cintA, abhAva, parAdhInatA, dabAva Adi duHkhoM se mukti prApta kara sakatA hai| vaha sadA ke lie ina sarva duHkhotpAdaka karmoM se mukta hokara saMsAra aura zarIra se atIta, avinAzI, ziva, acala, aruja, ananta, akSaya, avyAbAdha, ajara-amara, niraMjana-nirAkAra, anantajJAnAdi catuSTaya kA svAmI ho sakatA hai| jainakarmavijJAna :AtmA ko paramAtmA banAne kI kalA kA zikSaka niSkarSa yaha hai ki jainakarmavijJAna 'appA so paramappA'-AtmA hI paramAtmA hai isa siddhAnta ko vyavahAra meM kriyAnvita karane kI paddhati batAtA hai, aura AtmA ko paramAtmapada prApta karane kI kalA sikhAtA hai| karmavijJAna yaha bhI spaSTa kara detA hai ki yadyapi vartamAna meM AtmA paramAtmabhAva se kAphI dUra hai, kintu paramAtmabhAva kA bIja 1. (ka) IzvarakartRtvavAda ke nirAkaraNa ke lie dekheM -dvitIya khaNDa kA "karmavAda para AkSepa aura parihAra" zIrSaka nibandha (kha) ekezvaravAda ke khaNDana ke lie dekheM-dvitIya khaNDa kA "kargavAda ke astitvavirodhI vAda-2" zIrSaka nibandha For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 127 usameM maujUda hai| karma kA AvaraNa usa para AyA huA hai| AvaraNa haTa jAne para cetanA apane paripUrNa rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai, jise hI IzvarabhAva yA Izvaratva-prApti kahA jAtA hai| ataH vartamAna meM AtmA paramAtmA kA aMza hai, yaha jo kahA jAtA hai, usakA matalaba hai-AtmA meM abhI jitanI jJAnakalA vyakta hai, vaha paripUrNa, kintu avyakta ( AvRta) cetanA-candrikA kA eka aMzamAtra hai / ' bahirAtmA se antarAtmA aura paramAtmA banane kI prakriyA : jainakarmavijJAna meM jainakarmavijJAna vyakta aura avyakta parama- AtmA (zuddha AtmA) ke tIna vibhAga karake AtmA meM paramAtmatva-prApti kI yogyatA kA digdarzana karAtA hai| ve tIna vibhAga ye haiM - bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA / zarIrAdi AtmabAhya para bhAvoM meM jisakI Atmabuddhi hotI hai, vaha bahirAtmA hai| jisane zarIra aura AtmA kA athavA parabhAva aura svabhAva kI abhinnatA kI bhrAnti dUra kara dI hai, vaha samyagdRSTi vyakti antarAtmA hai aura jo antarAtmA bana kara rAgadveSAdi se dUra rahatA hai aura kevala jJAtA-draSTA rahatA hai, vaha paramAtmabhAva kI ora apane kadama tIvratA se bar3hAtA hai aura eka dina svayaM siddha, buddha, .. karma-mukta azarIrI paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| jainakarmavijJAna karma ke ubhayapakSa ko samucita sthAna detA hai jainakarmavijJAna kI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI hai ki vaha karma ke bhautika (paudgalika) evaM bhAvAtmaka donoM pakSoM ko samucita yathAyogya sthAna dekara jar3a (dravyakarma) aura cetana (bhAvakarma) ke bIca eka vAstavika sambandha batAtA hai| sAMkhyadarzana evaM yogadarzana ke anusAra karma pUrNataH jar3a 'prakRti' se sambandhita hai, isalie vahA~ prakRti hI bandhanayukta hotI hai aura bandhanamukta bhI vahI hotI hai| bauddhadarzana ke anusAra karma pUrNataH cetanA se sambandhita hai, isalie cetanA hI bandhanabaddha hotI hai, aura vahI bandhanamukta hotI hai| nyAyadarzana karma ko cetananiSTha mAnatA hai| kintu jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne ina sabako ekAMgI dRSTikoNa maanaa| unhoMne kahA ki karma kA ekAnta jar3a (cetanAhIna) pakSa mAnA jAegA to vaha AkArahIna viSayavastu hogA, aura yadi karma kA ekAnta caitasika pakSa mAnA jAegA to vaha viSayavastuhIna AkAra hogaa| ye donoM hI ekAMgI aura vAstavikatA se rahita haiN| isa viSaya meM DaoN. nathamala TAMTiyA ke vicAra jainakarmavijJAnasammata aura mananIya haiM-'"karma apane pUrNa vizleSaNa meM jar3a aura cetana ke bIca meM yojaka 1. dekheM - karmagrantha bhAga 1 prastAvanA (paM. sukhalAlajI) pR. 18 2 . vahI, prastAvanA pR. 18 3. dekheM - jainakarmasiddhAnta : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ( DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) pR. 17. For Personal & Private Use Only

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128 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kar3I hai| yaha cetana aura cetana saMyukta jar3a ke pArasparika parivartanoM kI sahayogitA ko abhivyakta karatA hai| "" jainakarmavijJAna AtmA aura karma - paramANuoM (bhautika tattva) ke bIca tAdAmya sambandha na mAnakara donoM kA saMyoga sambandha mAnatA hai| jabaki cArvAka Adi bhautikavAdI dArzanikoM ne jar3AdvaitavAda yAnI AtmA aura karma donoM ko jar3a mAnakara chuTTI paalii| udhara zAMkara vedAnta aura bauddhadarzana ne caitanyAdvaitavAda svIkAra kiyaa| pazcima jagat meM barkale ne bhI jar3a kI sattA ko manas se pRthak svatantra na mAnakara aisI hI ekatvavAda kI mAnyatA ko prazraya diyA thA / kintu ekatvavAda meM karmoM ke saMvara, , nirjarA aura mokSa kI samucita vyAkhyA saMbhava nhiiN| pazcima meM yaha samasyA 'dekArta' ke sAmane bhI aaii| usane isa samasyA kA hala pratikriyAvAda ke AdhAra para kiyaa| lekina cetana aura jar3a kI svataMtra sattAoM meM pratikriyA kaise sambhava hai ? spinojA ne usake badale 'samAnAntaravAda' kA aura 'lAIbanIja' ne pratikriyAvAda kI kaThinAiyoM se bacane ke lie sRSTi nirmANa ke samaya Izvara dvArA pUrva sthApita 'sAmaMjasyavAda' kA pratipAdana kiyaa| karmavijJAna ne AtmA ke sAtha zarIra kA sambandha kArmaNa zarIra dvArA mAnA isa prakAra pAzcAtya jagat meM jo samasyA acetana zarIra aura sacetana AtmA yA cetana ko lekara thI, vahI bhAratIya dArzanikoM ke samakSa prakRti, triguNa, yA karmaparamANu aura AtmA ke pArasparika sambandha ko lekara thii| agara gaharAI se soceM to yaha samasyA zarIra aura AtmA ke sambandha ko lekara hai| samasta dehadhAriyoM kI AtmA ke sAtha anAdikAla se pudgala-nirmita zarIra hai| zarIra halana calana kArya yA karma kA mAdhyama hai, aura AtmA cetanA, jJAna yA anubhUti kA mAdhyama / binA AtmA ke sabhI pudgalAtmaka zarIra niSkriya, nirjIva aura jar3a haiN| kisI bhI zarIra meM jaba taka AtmA rahatI hai, tabhI taka vaha zarIra yA pudgala (karmavargaNA ke pudgala) kAma karate haiM, ThIka usI prakAra, jisa prakAra vidyut-saMcAlita saba prakAra kI mazIneM / vidyut saMcAlita yaMtra yA taMtra vibhinna prakAra kI banAvaToM vAle hote haiM, kintu binA bijalI ke kucha bhI kAma nahIM kara sakate / isI prakAra dehadhAriyoM ke zarIra kI banAvaTa vibhinna prakAra kI hotI hai, ve sabhI AtmA ke rahane para hI kAma karate haiN| sthUla zarIra to vinAzazIla hai, vaha to eka janma taka hI rahatA hai, phira agale janma yA janmoM meM karmoM kA niryAta athavA pUrvajanma yA janmoM 1. dekheM -Studies in Jain Philosophy, p. 228. 2. jainakarmasiddhAnta : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) se pR. 17 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 129 ke karmoM kA AyAta AtmA ke binA kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa samasyA ke samucita samAdhAna ke lie jainakarmavijJAna ne taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra (sUkSmatama zarIra) mAnA hai jo pUrvajanmakRta abhukta karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha isa janma meM AyAta bhI karatA hai aura isa janma meM kiye hue abhukta karmoM kA agale janma yA janmoM meM niryAta bhI karatA hai| isa prakAra jainakarmavijJAna dvArA AtmA ke sAtha karmazarIrajanya karmoM ke sambandha kI vidhivat vizada evaM vaijJAnika DhaMga se vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| karmoM kA vargIkaraNapUrvaka vivecana jainakarmavijJAna meM hI yadyapi anya darzanoM evaM dharmazAstroM meM karmoM evaM karmaphaloM kA sAmAnyarUpa se varNana milatA hai, kintu karmoM ko unakI vividha prakRtiyoM ke anusAra mUla 8 aura uttara 148 bhedoM meM vargIkRta karake unake mAdhyama se sAMsArika AtmAoM kI anubhavasiddha vibhinna avasthAoM kA jaisA spaSTIkaraNa jainakarmavijJAna meM kiyA gayA hai, vaisA kisI bhI jainetara darzana evaM dharmazAstra meM nahIM miltaa| pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM karma ke jAti, Ayu aura moga-ye tIna prakAra ke vipAka batalAye gaye haiM, parantu jainakarmavijJAna meM vividha rUpoM meM vargIkaraNa karake jisa prakAra vibhinna karmoM ke tadanurUpa vipAka kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, vaisA nirUpaNa anyatra nahIM miltaa| yahI jainakarmavijJAna kI vizeSatA hai| aisA karmaphala kA siddhAnta anyatra nahIM milatA DaoNkTara hajArI prasAda dvivedI ne jainakarmavijJAna ke vyavasthita nirUpaNa se prabhAvita hokara apanA mantavya prakaTa kiyA hai-"karmaphala kA siddhAnta bhAratavarSa kI apanI vizeSatA hai| punarjanma kA siddhAnta khojane kA prayatna anyAnya dezoM ke manISiyoM meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, parantu isa karmaphala kA siddhAnta anyatra kahIM bhI nahIM miltaa|"2 jainakarmavijJAna kA sAhitya : vyApaka evaM virAT vaijJAnika rUpa meM vastutaH jainakarmavijJAna ke sAhitya meM karma-siddhAnta ke sambandha meM vividha pahaluoM se paryApta vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM pratipAdita karmavyavasthA kA jo vyApaka evaM virAT vaijJAnika rUpa milatA hai, vaisA kisI bhI bhAratIya paramparA meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| jaina-paramparA isa dRSTi se sarvathA vilakSaNa evaM vicakSaNa hai| pUrvagata Agamika sAhitya se adyAvadhi prakAzita sAhitya meM karmavijJAna kA vikAsa, 1. jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karma aura Adhunika vijJAna' lekha se pR. 312 2. dekheM-azoka ke phUla (bhAratavarSa kI sAMskRtika samasyA) se, pR. 67 For Personal & Private Use Only

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130 . karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) pracAra, zodha, anusandhAna evaM vivecana kisa prakAra huA hai, isakA paryApta ullekha hama karmavijJAna ke dvitIya khaNDa-'karmavAda kA aitihAsika paryAlocana' ke nibandhoM meM kara cuke haiN| jaina paramparA meM karmavAda kA suvyavasthita vaijJAnika rUpa yaha satya hai ki bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne karmavAda kI sthApanA meM yogadAna diyA hai, kintu jaina-paramparA meM karmavAda kA jaisA suvyavasthita evaM vijJAnasammata rUpa upalabdha hai, vaisA anyatra dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| vaidika aura bauddha sAhitya meM karma-sambandhI vicAra itanA svalpa hai ki ina donoM paramparAoM meM karma viSayaka koI mahattvapUrNa evaM svataMtra granya upalabdha nahIM hai| jabaki jaina paramparA ke sAhitya meM karma sambandhI sabhI pahaluoM se likhe hue aneka svataMtra evaM vizAla grantha upalabdha haiM, jinameM karmavijJAna para atyanta suvyavasthita, sUkSma evaM bahuta hI vistRta vivecana hai| ataH yaha sAdhikAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki paurvAtya evaM pAzcAtya sabhI darzanoM, dharma-sampradAyoM evaM matapanthoM ke vicAroM kI apekSA jainakarmavijJAna ke vicAroM kA mahattvapUrNa evaM viziSTa sthAna hai| karma sambandhI samagra carcA-vicAraNA meM bhI jainakarmavijJAna agraNI hai| usake adhyayana ke binA, samajhanA cAhie ki karma sambandhI jJAna sarvAMga-paripUrNa nahIM huaa|2 . karmavijJAna kI trikAladArzitA se trikAla karma vyavasthA karmavijJAna apane Apa meM kampyuTara kI taraha dIrghadarzI hai| koI bhI karma cAhe vaha sthUla ho yA sUkSma, zubha ho yA azubha, mAnasika ho vAcika ho yA kAyika ho, isa janma meM yA agale janma yA janmoM meM apanA phala bhugavAe binA nahIM rhtaa|. prANI jo bhI zubha-azubha kriyAe~ karatA hai, vahI usake phala kA bhoktA hai| yadi vaha isa jIvana meM una saba pariNAmoM ko nahIM bhoga pAtA hai, to ve baddhakarma sattA meM par3e rahate haiM, apanA abAdhAkAla pUrNa hote hI ve udaya meM Ate haiM, aura usa samaya jaisA bhI karma kA udaya hotA hai, tadanusAra usakA vipAka (phalabhoga) prANI ko karanA hotA hai| arthAt eka janma meM una-una pariNAmoM ko nahIM bhoga pAtA hai to AgAmI janma grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra karmavijJAna punarjanma aura pUrvajanma ke siddhAnta ko mAnakara pratyeka prANI ke karmoM kI trikAlasparzI vyAkhyA karatA hai| isase yaha bhI phalita ho jAtA hai ki prANI kA vartamAna vyaktitva (kArya-karma) usake pUrvavartI vyaktitva (karma) kA pariNAma hai aura yahI vartamAna vyaktitva (karma) usake AgAbhI vyaktitva kA nirmANa karatA hai| 1. dekheM-karmavAda kA aitihAsika paryAlocana (dvitIya khaNDa) meM 'karmavAda ke samutthAna kI aitihAsika samIkSA' 2. vipAkasUtra prastAvanA (upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 15 3. dekheM-jainakarmasiddhAnta : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 131 jainakarmavijJAna kI vizeSatA : AtmA ke pariNAmI-nitya hone kA svIkAra isa prakAra karma ke phalabhoga ke lie isa sthUla zarIra ko chor3a kara dUsarA zarIra dhAraNa karane vAlA sthAyI evaM zAzvata tattva AtmA ko mAnA hai| zubhAzubha karmoM ke phalabhoga ke sAtha karmavijJAna AtmA kI amaratA-zAzvatatA ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra karatA hai kintu sAtha hI pratyeka gati aura yoni meM karmAnusAra kArmaNa zarIra ke mAdhyama se AtmA ke gamana ke tathya ko svIkAra karake AtmA ko usane pariNAmI-nitya mAnA hai| jabaki sAMkhya, naiyAyika, vaizeSika, vedAnta Adi darzana AtmA ko kUTastha-nitya mAnate hai|unke isa matAnusAra AtmA kA vibhinna gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa siddha nahIM hotaa| eka ora AtmA kI nityatA kA svIkAra isalie kiyA hai ki aisA na mAnane para bauddha darzana kI taraha kRtapraNAza aura akRtabhoga ke doSa upasthita hote haiN| dUsarI ora use pariNAmI mAnakara svatantra gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa na hone ke doSa kA parihAra kiyA hai| karmavijJAna kI dIrghadarzitA se antima dhyeyaprApti kA viveka ___ karmavijJAna kI dIrghadarzitA ke kAraNa eka lAbha yaha hai ki vyakti apane pUrvajanma ke karmAnusAra vartamAna jIvana kI prApti se preraNA lekara bhAvI jIvana ko azubha karmoM se bacAkara zubha karma karake alpakarmA hokara yA to ucca devaloka prApta karatA hai, athavA sampUrNa karmoM ko isI janma meM kSaya karake karmoM se sadA-sadA ke lie mukti prApta kara letA hai, vaha siddha, buddha, mukta, sarvaduHkhoM se rahita ho jAtA hai|' jaina karma vijJAnaH mAnavajAti se bhI Age prANimAtra ke prati Atmavat bhAva kA puraskartA karma vijJAna-vettA isa prakAra kI trikAlasparzI dIrghadarzitA ke kAraNa azubha karmoM ke bandha se bacane hetu apane samparka meM Ane vAle parivAra, samAja, jAti, nagara-grAma, prAnta, rASTra, athavA vizva ke mAnavoM ke sAtha hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke sAtha sarvabhUtAtmabhUta evaM samadarzI hokara mAnasika vAcika kAyika pravRtti yA vyavahAra karatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, pRthvIkAyAdi SaTakAyika jIvoM ke prati saMyama se rahatA hai, hiMsA Adi AnavoM se dara rahatA hai, tAki naye kamoM kA Agamana evaM bandha na ho; vaha deha, geha, dhana, dhAnya tathA anya bhautika nirjIva padArthoM ke prati bhI rAgadveSa yA kaSAya, moha, kAmanA, Asakti, 9. "siddhe vA havai sAsae, deve vA apparae mhidie|"-uttraadhyyn a.1, gA. 48 2. "savvabhUyappabhUyassa samaM bhUyAi paaso| pihiAsavassa daMtassa pAvakammaM na bNdhi|'' -dazavaikAlika a. 4 gA. 9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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132 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4). ahaMtA-mamatA Adi vikAroM se dUra rahakara samatA aura yatanA ke sAtha pravRtti evaM nivRtti karatA hai| apanI jIvanacaryA karatA hai| aisI sthiti meM vaha apane pArivArika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya, evaM vaiyaktika dAyitvoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka nibhAtA hai, unake sAtha jur3A huA hone para bhI unase nirlipta-sA rahatA hai| jainakarmavijJAna : bhinnatA meM bhI ekatA kA darzana karAtA hai jainakarmavijJAna batAtA hai ki manuSya, pazu, pakSI, per3a-paudhoM meM hI nahIM, pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati taka meM cetanA hai| inameM paraspara asamAnatA, tathA eka hI jAti ke prANiyoM meM vyaktigata bhinnatA hote hue bhI sabameM eka vastu samAna hai, aura vaha hai cetnaa| isalie svarUpa kI dRSTi se cIMTI aura hAthI kI, vanaspati aura narapati kI, AtmA eka samAna hai| isIlie sthAnAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai-'ege AyA' arthAt (saba meM svarUpa kI dRSTi se) AtmA eka (samAna) hai| zarIra, indriya, svabhAva Adi meM bhinnatA hone para bhI caitanya guNa athavA jJAna-guNAtmaka jo AtmA hai, vaha saba meM samAna hai| karmavijJAna kI yahI vizeSatA hai ki vaha bhinnatA meM bhI ekatA ke darzana karAtA hai|' jainakarmavijJAna : prAkRtika niyamavat niyamabaddha jisa prakAra sUrya, candra, Rtu, graha, nakSatra Adi saba prAkRtika niyamoM se baddha haiM, ve apane-apane niyata samaya para hI apanA kArya karate haiM; isI prakAra jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya Adi karma bhI apanI-apanI prakRti ke niyamoM aura apane-apane kAraNoM se baddha hokara yathAsamaya apanA kArya karate haiM, kartA ko apanA phala dete haiN| jainakarmavijJAna meM pratyeka karma kI mUla tathA uttara-prakRtiyA~ niyata haiN| unake bandha, bandhahetu, udaya, udIraNA, sattA, sthiti, saMkramaNa Adi bhI niyata haiN| karmavijJAnavettAH prANi bhinnatA dekhakara bhI samabhAva rakhatA hai ___jainakarma-vijJAna ke anusAra saMsArI AtmAe~ karmAnusAra pRthak-pRthak zarIra, indriyA~, mana, vacana, aMgopAMga, AkAra, DIlaDaula Adi dhAraNa karatI haiN| tathA eka hI jAti ke agaNita prANiyoM meM bhI zarIra kI racanA, indriyA~, aMgopAMga, buddhi, vANI Adi pratyeka bAtoM meM bhinnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| jainakarmavijJAna isa vibhinnatA kA kAraNa karmasiddhAnta ke niyama ko batAtA hai| arthAt samagra bhinnatAe~ karmavijJAna ke kisI na kisI niyama para AdhArita haiN| karmavijJAnavettA prANiyoM kI ina saba vibhinnatAoM ko dekhakara unase na to ghRNA yA vidveSa karatA hai, aura na hI una para moha, Asakti yA mamatA 1. dekheM-adhyAtma vijJAna pravezikA meM jaina dharma kA prANa' (paM. sukhalAlajI) ke nibandha se, pR. 7 2. vahI, pR.7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 133 karatA hai; parantu sabako Atmaupamya dRSTi se dekhatA hai, trasa aura sthAvara sabhI jIvoM para samabhAva rakhatA hai| karmavijJAna kA yahI dhyeya hai ki vyakti isa saMsAra meM rahatA huA bhI tathA sabhI kartavyoM aura dAyitvoM kA nirvAha karatA huA bhI prANiyoM ke prati nirlepa, nirAsakta, nirahaMkAra hokara rhe| tabhI vaha karma ke baMdha aura Amnava se baca sakatA hai| karmavijJAnaH prANimAtra ke prati sarvabhUtAtmabhUta banane kA preraka vizva meM kaI dharma-sampradAya tathA mata-paMtha evaM darzana pracalita haiN| unameM se kaI paMtha to apane-apane kauTumbika svArtha taka kI mAnyatA vAle haiN| unheM kuTumba se Age kucha bhI ho, usase koI matalaba nhiiN| kaI mata-paMtha kaumavAdI yA jAtivAdI haiN| unheM apane-apane kauma yA jAti (jJAti) se matalaba hai, usase Age unakI dRSTi nahIM phuNctii| kaI mata-paMtha apane dharma-sampradAya, saMgha yA samAja se hI apanA sambandha rakhane kI preraNA karate haiN| katipaya vicAraka apane-apane deza yA rASTra kI paridhi meM hI rahate haiN| usase Age ve kucha bhI kartavya nahIM samajhate haiN| parantu kucha udAravAdI dharma yA sampradAya sAre vizva ko-yAnI vizva ke sabhI mAnavoM ko apanA samajhate haiM, aura unake sukha-duHkha kA vicAra karate haiN| aise udAravAdI vyaktiyoM ke vicAroM meM udAratA, samanvaya, maitrIbhAva, bandhutva Adi guNa adhika mAtra meM hote haiN| aise loga vizva meM sukha-zAnti, pArasparika sadbhAva aura sahRdayatA kI bhAvanA se calanA cAhate haiM to vana varlDa (eka duniyA) kA Adarza sAmane rakhate haiN| yaha nizcita hai, pUrva-pUrva saMkIrNa dRSTi vAloM kI apekSA uttarottara udAra dRSTivAloM kI tana, mana, vacana kI pravRtti, vyavahAra, vicAradhArA aura AcAradhArA evaM dRSTi meM antara avazya hogaa| jainakarmavijJAna :prANimAtra ke prati Atmavat bhAvanA kA preraka - parantu ina sabakA sambandha kevala manuSyajAti se hai, eka duniyA (vana varlDa) kA Adarza bhI manuSyajAti taka sImita hai|' jainakarmavijJAna to isase bhI Age bar3hakara vizva ke samasta prANi varga (chaha hI kAya ke jIvoM) ke prati Atmavat vyavahAra, vicAra aura dRSTi rakhane kI bAta kahatA hai| jainakarmavijJAna kahatA hai ki manuSya mAtra hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke prati yadi tuma hiMsA, asatya, caurya, abrahmacarya, asaMyama, ahaMtva-mamatva Adi kA vyavahAra karoge yA vaise vyavahAra karane kA vicAra, cintana yA dhyAna bhI karoge, vacana se bhI unake prati vaisA sAvadha (pApamaya) vacana bologe, to azubha karma kA Amnava aura bandha ho jaaegaa| usa bA~dhe hue karma kA phala tumheM dera sabera avazya bhoganA pdd'egaa| 1. dekheM, adhyAtma vijJAna pradezikA meM uddhRta 'karma vijJAna' nAmaka lekha se, pR. 9 2. appasamaM manijja chppikaae| For Personal & Private Use Only

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134 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ___AcArAMgasUtra meM tumaMsi nAma sacceva, jaM haMtavvaM ti mannasi"(tuma vahI ho, jise tuma mArane kA vicAra karate ho|) ityAdi sUtroM ke dvArA karmavijJAna ke isI siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| jina dharmoM, mata-paMthoM yA sampradAyoM ke samakSa mAnavajAti taka kA Adarza hai, ve prAyaH pazu-pakSiyoM kI hatyA meM koI doSa nahIM maante| devI-devoM ke nAma para pazu-pakSiyoM kI bali dene meM athavA khudA ke nAma para bakaroM yA dummoM kI kurbAnI karane meM unheM koI saMkoca nahIM hotaa| parantu jainakarmavijJAna kA spaSTa udghoSa hai ki pazu-pakSiyoM meM bhI jIva hai, una nirdoSa niraparAdha pazuoM kI kisI bhI rUpa meM hatyA karanA, unheM atyadhika pIr3A denA, una para atyanta bojha lAdanA, unheM bhUkhe-pyAse rakhanA, unake sAtha nirdayatA kA vyavahAra karanA, hiMsAjanya pApakarma hai| ___apane dezavAsiyoM se bhinna dUsare deza ke logoM para anyAya, atyAcAra karanA, unheM gulAma banAkara pazu se bhI adhika krUra vyavahAra karanA, unheM yAtanAe~ denA Adi bhI amAnuSika kara karma haiN| jainakarmavijJAna kI yahI vizeSatA hai ki vaha kevala mAnavajAti ke prati hI nahIM, azubha (pApa) karma se bacane ke lie prANimAtra ke prati AtmavatsarvabhUteSu kI bhAvanA, dRSTi tathA tana-mana-vacana kI pravRtti ko mor3a detA hai| jaina karmavijJAna kA mantavya : phaladAtA svayaM karma hI hai jainakarmavijJAna kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki isane karma siddhAnta ke aneka niyamoM aura rahasyoM kA udghATana kiyA hai| vaise to jainakarmavijJAna phaladAna ke sambandha meM Izvara ko bIca meM nahIM laataa| usakA kahanA hai ki karma svayaM apanA phala kartA ko de detA hai| usameM Izvara yA kisI bhI zakti yA devI-deva ko bIca meM lAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| vaidika paramparA ke mUrdhanya vidvAnoM ne bhI yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki Izvara bhI svayaM apanI maryAdA meM rahatA hai, vaha bhI to jIva ke jaise-jaise karma hote haiM, tadanusAra hI phala detA hai| ataH bhagavadgItA meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai-"Izvara na to saMsAra (loka) kA kartA hai, na hI prANiyoM ko karma se athavA karmaphala saMyoga se jor3atA hai, yaha saba svabhAvataH pravRtta hotA hai| 1. AcArAMga sUtra zru. 1, a. 5 u.5 s. 572. 2. dekheM Avazyaka sUtra meM zrAvaka ke ahiMsANuvrata ke pAMca aticAra-'"baMdhe, vahe, chavicchee, aibhAre, bhtt-paann-vucchee|" 3. "na kartRtvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prbhuH| na karmaphalasaMyogaM svabhAvastu prvrtte|" -bhagavadgItA 5/14 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 135 jaina karmavijJAna ke anusAra karma meM hI aisI zakti svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai ki vaha svataH samaya para usakA phala kartA ko de detA hai| jaina karmavijJAna kI viziSTa dena : pUrvabaddha saMcita karmoM ke phala meM parivartana sAmAnyatayA sabhI karmavAdI darzana isa siddhAnta ko mAnate haiM-"kRtakarma ko bhoge binA vaha kSaya nahIM ho sakatA, kRta karma bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hai / " parantu jaina karmavijJAna kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usake puraskartAoM ne udvartanA, apavartanA, saMkramaNa aura udIraNA' ke ApavAdika sUtra karma siddhAnata ke sandarbha meM jagat ke samakSa prastuta kiye| usake pIche unakA pratyakSa anubhava bhI thA, usakA prayoga apane jIvana meM unake dvArA Acarita bhI thaa| inakA phalitArtha unhoMne batAyA ki karma karate hI Amrava ke rUpa meM karmaparamANu AkRSTa hote haiM, phira rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya kI tIvratA - mandatA ke anusAra bandha hotA hai| adhikAMza karma bandha hote hI prAyaH turanta apanA phala nahIM de dete haiN| ve jaba taka udaya meM nahIM Ate, taba taka sattA meM (saMcitarUpa meM) par3e rahate haiM, udaya meM Ane se pUrva jo karma sattA meM (saMcita) par3e rahate haiM, ve kucha bhI phala dene meM asamartha hote haiN| ataH una saMcita karmoM kI prakRti.(sajAtIya uttara prakRti) ko parampara eka dUsare rUpa meM parivartita kiyA jA sakatA hai, unakI sthiti bhI dIrghakAlIna ho to use hrasvakAlIna aura hrasvakAlIna ho to dIrghakAlIna bhI kI jA sakatI hai| unake udaya meM Ane kI avadhi se pUrva hI udIraNA karake udaya meM lAkara unheM samabhAva se bhoga kara kSaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| unakI prakRti ko badalA jA sakatA hai, tapasyA, parISahajaya, cAritra - pAlana, samiti - gupti - pAlana, mahAvrata, saMyama, niyama, tyAga - pratyAkhyAna Adi se una karmoM ke kSaya, kSayopazama yA upazama Adi ke dvArA kSINa yA upazAnta kiye jA sakate haiN| udvartanAkaraNa aura apavartanAkaraNa kA rahasya sarvaprathama hama yahA~ karmavijJAna dvArA prarUpita udvartanAkaraNa evaM apavartanAkaraNa kI kucha jhAMkI dete haiM udvartanAkaraNa vaha hai, jisa kriyA yA pravRtti se baMdhe hue karma kI sthiti aura rasa (anubhAga) meM vRddhi hotI hai| karmoM kI sthiti aura rasa meM vRddhi tabhI hotI hai, jaba pahale bAMdhI huI karma prakRti ke anurUpa pahale se adhika pravRtti kI jAtI hai, yA pahale se adhika rasa liyA jAtA hai| jaise- kisI vyakti ne pahale Darate-Darate saMkoca karate hue sAdhAraNa 1. inake vistRta vivecana ke lie dekheM isI khaNDa kA naM. 9 (karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda' zIrSaka) nibndh| For Personal & Private Use Only

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136 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) nazevAlI madirA pI, usake bAda usako madirApAna kA caskA laga jAne se vaha bAra-bAra usase bhI adhika teja naze vAlI zarAba bagaira saMkoca ke bedhar3aka pIne lgaa| phalataH usake naze kI zakti aura naze kI avadhi bhI pahale se adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| isI prakAra lobhAdi yA rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa pUrva meM baddha kamoM ko tIvra lobha Adi karane athavA tIvra rAga-dveSa pUrvaka karane se yA kaSAya kA adhikAdhika nimitta milane se tatsambandhI karmoM kI sthiti aura phala dene kI zakti bar3ha jAtI hai| ise hI karmoM kI sthiti aura rasa kA udvartanAkaraNa kahate haiN|' yaha tabhI sambhava hai, jaba sattA meM sthita (saMcita) karma kI sthiti evaM rasa (anubhAga) se vartamAna meM badhyamAna (kriyamANa) karma kI sthiti aura rasa kA adhika aura tIvratara bandha ho| phira yaha udvartana jisa prakAra aprazasta rAga yA kaSAya kI vRddhi se Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa samasta karmoM kI saba azubhakarma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti meM evaM samasta pApa prakRtiyoM ke rasa (anubhAga) meM vRddhi se hotA hai, usI prakAra prazasta rAga athavA kaSAya meM mandatA se, zubha bhAvoM kI vizuddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM ke rasa (anubhAga) meM vRddhi se bhI (udvartana) hotA hai| apavartanAkaraNa meM isase viparIta hotA hai| arthAt-pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti aura rasa kA kama ho jAnA, ghaTa jAnA apavartanAkaraNa hai| jaise-kheta meM koI pratikUla yA jaharIlA paudhA uga AtA hai tathA usa paudhe ko pratikUla tApa, jalavAyu tathA khAda milane se usa paudhe kI Ayu evaM phaladAna kI zakti ghaTa jAtI hai| isI prakAra pahale se baddha (bAMdhe hue) aura vartamAna meM sattA meM sthita (saMcita) azubha karma ke pratikUla koI tatsajAtIya zubha karma kare to usa pUrvabaddha (azubha) karma kI sthiti evaM phaladAna zakti ghaTa jAtI hai, kama ho jAtI hai| jaise-zreNika rAjA ne apane pUrvajIvanakAla meM krUra karma karake tIvra rasa se sAtavIM naraka kA AyuSya karma bAMdha liyA thA, kintu bAda meM vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI zaraNa meM AyA, unakI paryupAsanA se use samyaktva prApta huaa| apane kRtakarmoM para usane pazcAttApa kiyA to zubha (rasa) bhAvoM ke prabhAva se saptama naraka kA AyuSya (sthiti) ghaTakara prathama naraka kA hI raha gyaa| isI prakAra pahale kisI azubha karma kA badha karane ke pazcAt jIva yadi usake lie pazcAttApa karatA hai, AlocanA, nindanA karake prAyazcitta grahaNa karatA hai, aura 1. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se pRSTha 82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 137 pUrvakRta usa duSkarma ke prati saMvara tathA tapazcaraNa se nirjarA karatA hai to usa pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti aura phaladAna zakti ghaTa jAtI hai| bazarte ki vaha pUrvabaddha azubha yA zubha karma abhI taka sattA meM par3A (saMcita avasthA meM) ho, udaya meM na AyA ho| isI prakAra koI vyakti pahale zubha karma karake ucca devaloka kA AyuSya bAMdha letA hai, kintu bAda meM (udaya meM Ane se pUrva ) usake zubhabhAvoM meM girAvaTa A jAe to usakA AyuSya bandha nimnastarIya devaloka kA ho jAtA hai| usakI zubhaphaladAnazakti bhI ghaTa jAtI hai| isa sambandha meM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pAvApurI ke antima pravacana meM anuprekSA ke sandarbha meM spaSTa kahA hai / bhagavAn se prazna kiyA gayA hai-bhaMte! anuprekSA se jIva ko kyA prApta hotA hai ? isake uttara meM bhagavAn ne pharamAyA-'" - " anuprekSA se AyuSkarma ko chor3akara zeSa jJAnAvaraNIya Adi sAta karmoM kI prakRtiyoM ke pragAr3ha bandhana ko zithila kara detA hai; dIrghakAlIna sthiti ko hrasva (alpa) kAlIna kara letA hai; unake tIvra sAnubhAva ko mandarasAnubhAva kara letA hai| (kadAcit ) bahukarmapradezoM ko alpakarma pradezavAle kara letA hai. I' niSkarSa yaha hai ki jaina karmavijJAna ke anusAra jIva apane pUrvabaddha saMcita (sattA meM sthita) karmoM ke phala meM apane svayaM ke puruSArtha se, apane svayaM ke zubha-azubha bhAvoM se tathA apane dvArA kRta rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya kI tIvratA - mandatA se pUrvabaddhakarmoM kI sthiti (avadhi) aura rasAnubhAva ko nyUnAdhika kara sakatA hai| una karmoM kI phaladAna kI zakti ko bhI ghaTA-bar3hA sakatA hai| ise hI udvartanAkaraNa evaM apavartanAkaraNa kahate haiN| jainakarmavijJAna ke niyamAnusAra karma kI phaladAnazakti nyUnAdhika bhI ho sakatI hai parantu adhikAMza vyakti karmavijJAna ke ina niyamoM aura rahasyoM se anabhijJa haiM, isa kAraNa aneka bhrAntiyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiN| jisa prakAra karmavijJAna kA eka niyama hai 1. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita - "karaNa siddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA " - zIrSaka lekha se pR. 81 2. ( pra . ) aNuppehAe NaM bhaMte ! jIve kiM jaNayaI ? (u.) aNuppehAeNaM AuyavajjAo sattakammapagaDIo ghaNiya baMdhana - baddhAo siDhila baMdhaNabaddhAo pakarei, dIhakAlaTThiiyAo hassakAlaTThiiyAo pakareI; tivvANubhAvAo maMdANubhAvAo krei| (bahupaesagAo appapaesagAo pakare ) ...... - uttarAdhyayana. a. 29 sU. 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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138 karma-vijJAna bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA ( 4 ) ki karma kA phala kartA ko bhugavAne kI zakti karma meM svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra karma kI phaladAna kI zakti ko nyUnAdhika bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha zakti-parivartana kA siddhAnta jainakarmavijJAna kI viziSTa dena hai| isa niyama ke anusAra phaladAna kI kAla-sImA ko ghaTAyA bhI jA sakatA hai aura bar3hAyA bhI jA sakatA hai| yaha zakti ke nyUnIkaraNa aura zakti ke saMvRddhikaraNa kA siddhAnta jaina karmavijJAna kI hI vizva ke prANiyoM ko dena hai| karmoM kI phaladAnazakti meM tAratamya kyoM aura kisa kAraNa se? vizva ke samasta paramANuoM meM apane-apane prakAra kI zakti yA kSamatA hotI hai| karma-paramANuoM meM bhI taba eka vizeSa prakAra kI zakti yA kSamatA nirmita hotI hai, jaba kartA dvArA ve AkRSTa kiye jAte haiN| usa phala dene kI kSamatA yA zakti ko jaina pAribhASika zabdoM meM anubhAgabandha (rasabandha) kahate haiN| sabhI karmaparamANuoM meM eka-sI phaladAna zakti nirmita nahIM hotI hai| jaise padArthoM meM zakti aura mAtrA kA tAratamya hotA hai, vaha usakI viziSTa saMracanA ke AdhAra para hotA hai, isI prakAra karmoM kI phaladAna zakti tAratamya hotA hai, vaha bhI una una karmaparamANuoM kI viziSTa saMracanA ke AdhAra para hotA hai| arthAt - yaha viziSTa saMracanA karma kartA kI rAgadveSa yA kaSAya kI tIvratA - mandatA ke AdhAra para hotI hai| jIva jisa kSaNa karma- pudgaloM ko AkarSita karatA hai, usa kSaNa meM yadi usameM rAgadveSa yA kaSAya kI mAtrA tIvra hotI hai to una karma pudgaloM kI phala pradAna zakti bhI tIvra ho jAtI hai, aura yadi rAgadveSa Adi kI mAtrA manda hotI hai, to phala pradAna zakti bhI manda ho jAtI hai / ' manovijJAna kI taraha karmavijJAna meM bhI karmaphala kI sva-saMcAlita vyavasthA hai vaise to karma meM phala pradAna karane kI zakti svAbhAvika hai, isameM kisI bhI anya niyAmaka yA vyavasthApaka kI apekSA nahIM rahatI, vaha usakI svayaM saMcAlita vyavasthA hai| karma kA phala pradAna karane kI apane Apa meM kSamatA hai| kartA usa kSamatA ko samajhe to karma kI phaladAna zakti ko svayaM badala sakatA hai| manovijJAna kI dRSTi se soceM to bhI karma kI yaha svayaM saMcAlita vyavasthA yuktisiddha ghaTita ho jAtI hai| jaise koI vyakti kisI se IrSyA, dveSa yA mAtsarya karatA hai, ghRNA karatA hai, athavA usake prati anyAya-atyAcAra yA asahiSNutA kA vyavahAra 1. (ka) karmavAda meM prakAzita. karma kI rAsAyanika prakriyA - 2 zIrSaka lekha se, pR. 36 (kha) jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita - "karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se pR. 80/81 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 139 karatA hai athavA mana hI mana dUsare kA burA karane kI ghRNita bAta socatA hai| usakA yaha mAnasika yA kAyika karma use kyA phala detA hai ? usake zarIra meM IrSyA Adi se aneka roga utpanna hote haiN| ___vartamAna manovijJAna bhI yahI bAta kahatA hai ki kisI ko nukasAna pahu~cAne, ahita karane yA kisI ke prati IrSyA-ghRNAdi karane se alsara, kaiMsara, khujalI Adi kaSTasAdhya bImAriyA~ ho jAtI haiN| mAnasika bImAriyoM kA kAraNa ve mAnasika kriyAe~ haiM, tathA zArIrika bImAriyoM kI kAraNa haiM zArIrika kriyaaeN| jaina karmavijJAna hameM parokSarUpa se prerita karatA hai ki agara hameM karmoM meM phaladAna zakti utpanna nahIM hone denI hai, athavA pahale tIvra rUpa se baMdhI huI phaladAna zakti ko manda karanI hai, to hama rAga-dveSa, Asakti yA kaSAya yA to utpanna na hone deM, yA phira tIvra rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi na kareM jisase karmaparamANuoM meM aisI saMracanA na hone deM, aisI phalazakti paidA na hone deM, jisakA phala azubha (burA) ho, jo hameM hI bhoganA pdd'e|' jaina karmavijJAna kA viziSTa niyama : jAti-parivartanaH prakRti saMkramaNa . karmavijJAna kA eka viziSTa niyama hai-zaktiparivartana, jisameM karma kI phaladAnazakti ko nyUnAdhika kiyA yA ghaTAyA-bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai| dUsarA viziSTa niyama hai-jaati-privrtn| isake dvArA karma kI jAti ko badalA jA sakatA hai| bandhakAla meM eka prakAra ke karma paramANuoM ke hue baMdha ko bAda meM dUsare prakAra ke karmaparamANuoM meM badala denA jAti-parivartana hai| jaise Ajakala nasla-parivartana ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra karmoM kI jAti meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| vartamAna meM vanaspati vijJAna vizeSajJa kalama lagAkara khaTTe phala dene vAle paudhe ko mIThe phala dene vAle paudhe ke rUpa meM tathA nimnajAti ke bIjoM ko unnata jAti ke bIjoM meM parivartita kara dete haiN| isI prakAra pUrva meM baMdhI huI puNyaprakRtiyoM meM samagra karmaparamANupuMja puNya se samanvita hai, kintu bAda meM aisA pApakarma kA puruSArtha huA ki ve pUrvabaddha puNya prakRtiyA~ pApakarma prakRtiyoM meM badala giiN| puNya ke paramANu-sukha dene vAle karma paramANu, pApa ke-duHkha dene vAle ramANu bana ge| isI prakAra pApa ke baddhakarma paramANu kAlAntara meM ghoratapa, parISaha sahana, upasarga-vijaya, cAritrapAlana Adi ke kAraNa puNya ke paramANu ke rUpa meM parivartita ho ge| duHkha dene vAle samagra paramANu sukha dene vAle paramANu ke rUpa meM badala ge| 1. karmavAda se pR. 37 2. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzitaH 'karaNasiddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA,' lekha For Personal & Private Use Only

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140 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) sthAnAMga sUtra meM isI Azaya ko spaSTa karane ke eka caubhaMgI dI gaI hai - "eka hotA hai zubha karma para usakA vipAka hotA azubha; arthAt - baMdhA huA hai puNyakarma parantu usakA vipAka (phala) hotA hai pApa / isI prakAra eka azubha karma hai, para usakA vipAka hotA hai, zubha arthAt baMdhA huA hai - pApakarma, kintu usakA phala hotA hai puNya | zubha kA phala zubha aura azubha kA phala azubha ye do vikalpa (bhaMga) to spaSTa haiM, nirvivAda haiN| kintu zeSa pUrvokta do vikalpa jaTila haiN| ye donoM vikalpa mahattvapUrNa haiM aura jaina karmavijJAnasammata saMkramaNa siddhAnta ke paricAyaka haiN| " yaha jAti saMkramaNa hai, jisameM pUrvabaddha karma kI prakRti kA svajAtIya anya prakRti meM rUpAntaraNa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra karma ke eka bheda kA apane sajAtIya dUsare bheda meM badala jAnA hai| arthAt-avAntara karma- prakRtiyoM kI adalA-badalI ho jAnA prakRti saMkramaNa kahalAtA hai| vaise to sAmAnyatayA saMkramaNa kA eka hI bheda mAnA jAtA hai-jAti saMkramaNa yA prakRti saMkramaNa parantu sthAnAMga sUtra meM dUsarI vivakSA se isake 4 prakAra batAye gae haiM (1) prakRti-saMkramaNa, (2) sthiti saMkramaNa, (3) anubhAva-saMkramaNa evaM (4) pradeza-saMkramaNa ' sthiti saMkramaNa, anubhAva saMkramaNa evaM pradeza saMkramaNa udvartanAkaraNa tathA apavartanAkaraNa meM gatArtha ho jAte haiN| karmavijJAna dvArA prarUpita saMkramaNa ko Adhunika manovijJAna kI bhASA meM mArgAntarIkaraNa (Sublimation of mental energy) tathA udAttIkaraNa kahA gayA hai| mArgAntarIkaraNa yA rUpAntaraNa kA artha hai- kisI bhI pravRtti yA kriyA kA rAstA badala denA / seksa sAikolaoNjI ke vizeSajJa phrAyaDa kI bhASA meM manuSya kI mUla (kendrIya) vRtti pravRtti hai - kAmavRtti | phrAyaDa ke kathanAnusAra usakA mArgAntarIkaraNa kiyA ja sakatA hai| jaise- kisI sundarI ke prati kutsita kAmavAsanA jAgRta hotI hai, vyakti usake prati mohita ho jAtA hai, kintu vaha prApta nahIM hotI, aisI sthiti meM usa tIvra kAmecchA kI pravRtti (vRtti) ko mor3akara citrakalA, lekhanakalA, kAvyakalA yA iSTadeva bhakti Adi lagAkara mana kI dizA ko badala detA hai| yaha kAmavRtti kA mArgAntarIkaraNa yA rUpAntaraNa hai / 3 1. cauvvihe kamme paNNatte taM., subhe nAmamege asubha vivAge, asubhe nAmamege subhavivAge, subhe nAma subhavivAge, asubhe nAmamege asubhavivAge / " - sthAnAMga 4 / 603 2. 3. sthAnAMga sUtra, sthAna 4, sU. 216 jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita-' karaNasiddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA 'lekha pR. 82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA saMkramaNa siddhAnta ke do rUpa : mArgAntarIkaraNa aura udAttIkaraNa jaina karmavijJAnasammata saMkramaNa kA siddhAnta Adhunika jIvavijJAna (Geology) kI vaijJAnika dhAraNAoM aura mAnyatAoM se milatA-julatA hai| jIvavaijJAnika isa prayAsa meM haiM ki yadi 'jIna' ko badalA jA sake to pUre vaMza kA kAyAkalpa ho sakatA hai, manacAhA vyaktitva nirmANa bhI sambhava hai| vastutaH saMkramaNa ke siddhAnta se 'jIna' mAnavavRttiyoM ko tathA AdatoM ko badalA jA sakatA hai| jaina karmavijJAnasammata saMkramaNa ke do rUpa haiM - ( 1 ) mArgAntarIkaraNa yA rUpAntaraNa aura (2) udaattiikrnn| rUpAntaraNa yA mArgAntarIkaraNa rUpa saMkramaNa bhI do prakAra kA hai-(1) azubha prakRti kA zubha prakRti meM, tathA (2) zubha prakRti kA azubha prakRti meM rUpAntarita ho jaanaa| saMkramaNa siddhAnta ke katipaya niyama 141 dhavalA, kaSAyapAhuDa,, paMcasaMgraha, karmagrantha Adi meM saMkramaNa ke kucha niyama batAe haiN| karma kI mUla prakRtiyA~ aura uttara prakRtiyA~ eka sau aThAvana haiN| karma prakRti ke mUla bhedoM meM paraspara rUpAntaraNa yA mArgAntaraNa rUpa saMkramaNa nahIM hotA / arthAt-jJAnAvaraNIya karma darzanAvaraNIya Adi. zeSa sAta karmoM meM saMkramita yA rUpAntarita nahIM hotA, isI prakAra darzanAvaraNIya Adi apane sivAya zeSa sAta karmoM meM bhI saMkramita nahIM hotA / saMkramaNa yA rUpAntaraNa kisI eka hI karma kI sajAtIya anya uttara prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai| jaise vedanIya karma do bheda haiM-sAtAvedanIya aura asaataavedniiy| inakA paraspara saMkramaNa ho sakatA hai| sAtAvedanIya asAtAvedanIyarUpa ho sakatA hai, isI prakAra asAtAvedanIya sAtAvedanIya rUpa ho sakatA hai| isa niyama meM kucha apavAda bhI haiN| darzana - mohanIya aura cAritra - mohanIya, ye mohanIya karma kI do uttara prakRtiyA~ haiM, inameM paraspara saMkramaNa nahIM ho sktaa| isI prakAra Ayukarma kI narakAyu, tiryaJcAyu, manuSyAyu aura devAyu ye 4 uttara prakRtiyA~ haiM, inameM zrI paraspara saMkramaNa nahIM ho sktaa| narakAyu kA bandha ho jAne para usa jIva ko naraka meM avazya hI jAnA par3atA hai, vaha anya gatiyoM meM nahIM jA sktaa| jisa prakAra karmavijJAna meM saMkramaNa kevala sajAtIya prakRtiyoM meM mAnA hai, isI prakAra manovijJAna meM bhI rUpAntaraNa kevala sajAtIya vRtti-pravRttiyoM meM hI mAnA gayA hai| vijAtIya prakRtiyoM yA pravRttiyoM meM donoM hI vijJAna saMkramaNa yA rUpAntarakaraNa nahIM maante| 1. karmavAda pR. 38 2. (ka) karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka pR. 82 (kha) dhavalA 16 / 341/1, kasAyapAhuDa 3/3/22 For Personal & Private Use Only

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142 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) saMkramaNa kA udAttIkaraNa rUpa udAttIkaraNa saMkramaNa kA dUsarA rUpa hai| vartamAna manovijJAna kutsita evaM nindha prakRti yA pravRtti ko udAtta (zuddha) prakRti yA pravRtti meM rUpAntaraNa ko udAttIkaraNa kahatA hai| Adhunika manovijJAnavettAoM ne udAttIkaraNa-prakriyA para vizeSa anusandhAna kiyA hai| unhoMne udAttIkaraNa - prakriyA ke prayoga dvArA uddaNDa, anuzAsanahIna, tathA daMgA-phasAda, tor3a-phor3a karane vAle aparAdhI manovRtti ke chAtroM evaM anya gumarAha vyaktiyoM ko unakI ruci ke anurUpa kisI racanAtmaka kArya meM lagA diyA hai| phalasvarUpa ve para-hAnikAraka evaM durguNavarddhaka aparAdhI vRtti pravRtti ko tyAga kara samAjopayogI kArya meM laga jAte haiN|' pUrvabaddha karmoM ke udAttIkaraNa kA uddezya : doSoM kA parizodhana karanA karmavijJAna ke anusAra udAttIkaraNa kI prakriyA doSoM kA parimArjana - parizodhana karane kI prakriyA hai| udAttIkaraNa meM manuSya pravRtti to karatA hai, kintu usake pIche anAsakti, samatA, niravadyatA, rAga-dveSAlpatA kA bhAva hotA hai| jainAcAryoM ne rAga ke do prakAra batAe haiM - prazasta rAga aura aprazasta rAga / jainAgamoM meM kucha zabda bAra-bAra prayukta hote haiM - aTThimijjapemANurAgaratte (asthi-majjA meM premAnurAga se rakta) dhammANurAgaratte (dharmAnurAga-rakta) / deva, guru aura dharma ke prati rAga ko prazastarAga kahA gayA hai| isase rAga meM jo doSa the, tIvratA thI, usakA parimArjana kara diyaa| yaha rAga Asakti kA udAttIkaraNa hai| vastutaH udAttIkaraNarUpa saMkramaNa kI prakriyA kSayopazama kI prakriyA hai| isameM karmoM ke kucha doSoM kA sarvathA kSaya kara diyA jAtA hai, aura kucha kA upazama / eka vyakti indriya-viSayabhogoM meM sukha mAnatA hai, kintu usa sukha meM saMgharSa, kleza, antardvandva, roga, indriyakSINatA Adi duHkha ke bIja chipe hue haiM, usake hRdaya meM indriyaviSayabhogoM ke kSaNika evaM asthAyI sukha ke sthAna para sthAyI sukhaprApti kA bhAva udita huA / usane dUsaroM kI niHsvArtha sevA meM svayaM ko lagA diyA, usase sthAyI sukha aura Ananda kI anubhUti huii| prema ke sukha kA yaha bIja udAratA, evaM maitrIbhAvanA meM pallavita ho jAtA hai| yaha hai pravRtti kA udAttIkaraNarUpa saMkramaNa / 9. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita - "karaNasiddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa prakriyA', lekha se pR. 83 2. karmavAda For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 143 karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra pApa-pravRttiyoM se hone vAle duHkha, saMtApa, rogAdijanita kaSTa, azAnti Adi se chuTakAre ke lie paropakArarUpa puNya pravRttiyoM ke rUpa meM udAttIkaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai|' anuprekSA se saMkramaNa meM bahuta sahAyatA milatI hai jaisA ki pahale zAstrIya uddharaNa dekara kahA gayA thA-"anuprekSA se karma prakRtiyoM kA rUpAntaraNa, udAttIkaraNa, saMkramaNa, udvartana aura apavartanA hotI hai| anuprekSA se AyuSya ke atirikta pragAr3ha bandhana se baddha karma prakRtiyA~ zithila bandhanabaddha ho jAtI hai, dIrghakAla kI sthiti vAle pUrvabaddha karma alpakAlika sthiti vAle ho jAte haiM, tIvra anubhAva (rasa) se baddha karma manda anubhAva vAle ho jAte haiM, bahupradezI karma alpapradezI ho jAte haiN| yaha sArA saMkramaNa kA siddhAnta jaina karmavijJAna dvArA nirUpita hai| jIvoM kI sArvayonikatA kA siddhAnta jaina karmavijJAna kI dena ___ AgamoM meM jaina karmavijJAna ke sandarbha meM prANI ke antarjagat ke sUkSma saMskAroM meM parivartana ke AdhAra para eka sUtra diyA hai-"savvajoNiyA khalu jIvA'-jIva sArvayonika hote haiN| 84 lAkha yoni ke jIvoM meM se kisI bhI yoni kA jIva kisI bhI yoni meM jAkara utpanna ho sakatA hai| yaha sArvayonika tathya jainakarmavijJAna kA mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta hai| ___ jIva kI utpatti ke viSaya meM amuka yoni kI koI pratibaddhatA nahIM hai| jaisA ki brahmakumArImata ke pravartaka kA kathana hai ki manuSya marakara manuSya hI banatA hai, gadhA marakara gadhA hI banegA ityaadi| kintu yaha mata karmasiddhAnta ke viparIta hai| jainakarma siddhAnta kA kathana hai "jallese marai tallese uvavajjaI"- antima samaya meM jisa lezyA (kaSAyAnuraJjita pariNAma) meM prANI maratA hai, usI lezyA vAle sthAna meM usI lezyA vAlI yoni meM utpanna hotA hai| isa dRSTi se manuSya mara kara pazu bana sakatA hai, tathaiva pazu marakara manuSya bhI bana sakatA hai| . AnuvaMzikI vijJAna ne itanI tarakkI avazya kara lI hai, vaha jIte-jI, pazu ko manuSyarUpa meM tabdIla kara sakatA hai| Ajakala khaccara kA ghor3e ke rUpa meM, strI ko puruSarUpa meM tathA puruSa ko strIrUpa meM parivartita karane kA prayoga to dhar3alle se cala rahA 1. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNasiddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se, pR. 83 2. karmavAda se, pR. 191 For Personal & Private Use Only

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144 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jaina karmavijJAna ke anusAra pratyakSa meM jIte jI to pazu kA manuSyarUpa yA manuSya kA pazurUpa meM parivartana sthUla dRSTi se nahIM dekhA jAtA, kintu vaikriyazakti yA vaikriyalabdhi se devatA to manacAhA rUpa banA sakate haiM, vaisA manuSya bhI banA sakatA hai, jaise-sthalabhadra mani ne apanI sAdhvI bahanoM ko camatkAra batAne ke lie siMha kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA thaa| anya yogI bhI aisA kara sakate haiN| parantu jo yogI yA vaikriyalabdhi sampanna nahIM hai, kyA vaha pazu yA mAnava jIte-jI kisI upAya se parivartita ho jAtA hai? isake uttara meM hama karmavijJAna ke saMkramaNa, udvartana aura apavartana ke siddhAnta ko prastuta kara sakate haiM / ina siddhAntoM ke anusAra AkRti se to nahIM, parantu prakRti se manuSya pAzavikatA yA dAnavatA ko dhAraNa karake pazu aura dAnava bana jAtA hai, tathaiva kaI pazu bhI mAnavatA ko dhAraNa karake prakRti se mAnava bana jAte haiN| yaha jaina karma vijJAna kI dena udIraNAkaraNa kA siddhAnta bhI samaya se pUrva karmakSaya karane kA upAya dUsare darzana jahA~ yaha prarUpaNA karate haiM ki kriyamANa karma jaisA bAMdhA hai, use usI rUpa meM, usI avadhi taka bhoganA par3atA hai, vahA~ jaina karmavijJAna udIraNAkaraNa ke siddhAnta kI prarUpaNA karate hue kahatA hai ki prANI dvArA apane puruSArtha se karma vipAka kI niyata avadhi se pahale hI phala bhoga ke hetu usa karma kI udIraNA kI jA sakatI hai| jo karma samaya pAkara udaya meM Ane vAle haiM, yAnI apanA phala dene vAle haiM, unako prayatnavizeSa se kisI nimitta se samaya se pUrva hI phala bhoga kara naSTa kara denA udIraNa hai| jaise-dera se pakane vAle Ama, kelA Adi phaloM ko jaldI pakAne ke lie per3a se kacce hI tor3akara bhUse yA parAla meM dabA diyA jAtA hai athavA davA se jaldI hI pakA liyA jAtA hai, isI prakAra baMdhe hue karma to niyatakAla pAkara hI phala dene hetu udaya meM AyeMge, yaha jAnakara unheM niyatakAla se pahale hI udaya meM lAkara phala bhoga lenA aura unheM kSINa kara denA udIraNAkaraNa hai|' bha. mahAvIra ne apane pUrvabaddha ghora karmoM ko udaya meM Ane se pahale hI, anArya dezoM meM vihAra ke nimitta se ghora upasarga evaM parISaha samabhAva se saha karake una karmoM ko bhoga liyA thA, arthAt-udIraNA karake unheM kSaya kara DAle the| jaina karmavijJAna aura Adhunika manovijJAna kI udIraNA paddhati prAyaH samAna jainakarmavijJAna ke samAna Adhunika manovijJAna bhI udIraNA ke tathya ko svIkAra karatA hai| karmavijJAna kI udIraNA paddhati yaha hai ki pUrvabaddha pApoM yA doSoM kA Alocana 1. jinavANI, karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita : 'karaNasiddhAntaH bhAgyani / kI prakriyA' lekha For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna kI vizeSatA 145 (antarnirIkSaNa yA smaraNa) karake guru yA gurujanoM ke samakSa unakI garhaNA (prakaTIkaraNa) karanA, sAdhAraNa doSoM ke lie mithyA duSkRta bolakara AtmanindanA (pazcAttApa) karanA, yadi pragAr3ha doSa ho to usakI zuddhi ke lie guru yA gItArtha sAdhakoM se prAyazcitta grahaNa karanA, pratikramaNa karanA, kSamAyAcanA aura bhAvanA karanA Adi udIraNAkaraNa meM sahAyaka haiN| isa prakAra se udIraNA karane se karmoM kA saMcaya (pradeza) sthiti (kAlAvadhi) evaM rasAnubhAvarUpa tIvratA bhI ghaTatI jAtI hai| isI prakAra antarmana meM sthita pUrvabaddha karma kI granthiyoM (gAMThoM) ko prayatna vizeSa se samaya se pUrva udaya meM lAkara phala bhoga kara tor3A jA sakatA hai| vaise to prANI dvArA apanAe gae bAhya Abhyantara tapa, tyAga, vrata, niyama, abhigraha, kAyotsarga, vyutsarga, Adi nimittoM se anAyAsa hI karmoM kI udIraNA hotI rahatI hai, magara antastala kI agAdha gaharAI meM chipe hue ajJAta karmoM kI udIraNA ke lie viziSTa puruSArtha tapa, tyAga, upasarga-sahana, parISahajaya Adi ke mAdhyama se karanA par3atA hai| tabhI pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sakAmanirjarA hotI hai| Adhunika manovijJAna bhI jaina karmavijJAna prarUpita udIraNA ke uparyukta tathya ko svIkAra karatA hai| manovijJAna kI paddhati yaha hai ki avacetana mana meM sthita vividha manogranthiyoM ko manovijJAna cikitsaka ke samakSa nizchala mana se pragaTa karake ubhArA jAtA hai, unakA recana athavA vamana karAyA jAtA hai aura kuNThAoM, lAghava-gauravapranthiyoM, dabAI huI vAsanAoM, kAmanAoM ko jJAta mana meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra ve udaya meM AtI haiM, aura zIghra hI unakA phala bhoga kara unheM samApta kara diyA jAtA hai| arthAta-ajJAta mana meM chipI huI granthiyA~ bAhara prakaTa hokara naSTa ho jAtI haiN| mAnasika cikitsA kI isa mahatvapUrNa paddhati se pUrvajIvana meM saMcita una-una granthiyoM ke naSTa ho jAne se tatsambandhita roga bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN|' pharmo ke udaya aura udIraNA meM antara . . karmoM ke udaya aura udIraNA meM antara yaha hai ki udaya meM kaSAyabhAva kI adhikatA kI saMbhAvanA hone se karma kSINa hone ke badale unase anekaguNe adhika karma baMdhane kI saMbhAvanA hai, jabaki udIraNA meM vyakti jAgarUka aura sAvadhAna rahatA hai, aura karma samaya se pahale udaya meM Ate haiM, taba vaha svecchA se, samabhAva se karmaphala bhogane ko tayAra rahatA hai| ataH jitane karma udIraNA se udaya meM Ate haiM, unheM vaha bhoga kara kATa detA hai, arthAt utane kamoM kI nirjarA kara detA hai| 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita-'karaNasiddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se, pR. 86 2. vahIM pa For Personal & Private Use Only

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146 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jaina karmavijJAna kI sarvotkRSTa vizeSatA ___jaina karmavijJAna kI sarvotkRSTa vizeSatA yaha hai ki usake dvArA prarUpita saMkramaNa Adi ke mAdhyama se vyakti apane pUrvajanma meM yA isa janma meM pUrvakRta duSpravRttiyoM (duSkarmoM) ke kAraNa baMdhe hue azubha evaM duHkhada pApa karma prakRtiyoM ko apanI sajAtIya puNyaprakRtiyoM meM parivartita kara sakatA hai, una pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti evaM anubhAga ke vartamAna meM apanI zubha pravRttiyoM-kriyAoM se zubha karma bAMdha kara ghaTA sakatA hai aura zubha evaM sukhadAyaka puNyakarmoM meM saMkramita kara sakatA hai| ataH yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki pUrvabaddha karma usI prakAra utane lambe samaya taka bhogane pdd'eN| vyakti cAhe to apane vartamAna karmoM ke mAdhyama se pUrvabaddha karmoM ko badalane, adala-badala karane, tathA sthiti evaM anubhAga (rasAdi kI tIvratA) ko ghaTAne-bar3hAne tathA zIghra kSaya karane meM pUrNataH samartha evaM svataMtra hai| sAdhaka saMyama meM utkRSTa puruSArtha kare, utkRSTa bhAva rasAyana lAe to guNasthAna-krama se ArohaNa karatA huA karmoM kA kSaya karatA huA, antarmuhUrta meM kevala jJAna ko upalabdha kara sakatA hai|' 1. vahI, pR. 89 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karmavijJAnaHjIvana-parivartana kA vijJAna jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra aura aMga meM karma kA saMcAra prANimAtra ke jIvana ke sAtha kevala zarIra, zarIra ke aMgopAMga, indriyA~, mana, buddhi, vacana Adi hI nahIM, aura bhI aneka vastue~ jur3I huI hotI haiN| jisa taraha zarIrAdi saba pratyakSa dRzyamAna athavA anumeya padArtha karmopAdhika haiM, arthAt pUrvakRta karma-vizeSa ke kAraNa prApta hote haiM, isI prakAra jIvana ke sAtha jur3e hue acche-bure svabhAva, acchI-burI AdateM, zubha-azubha ruciyAM, zubha-azubha mAnasika, kAyika pravRttiyA~, zubha-azubha lezyAe~, samyak-mithyAdRSTi, zubha-azubha cintana yA vicAra, athavA pariNAma, vibhinna saMjJAe~, krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI tIvratA-mandatA, kAmavAsanA kI tIvratAmandatA, samyak-mithyAjJAna tathA jJAna kI vibhinnatA-taratamatA, vibhinna gatiyA~, vibhinna yoniyA~, paryAptiyA~-aparyAptiyA~ Adi saba karma se sambandhita haiM, ve bhI karmopAdhika haiN| ye saba AtmA kI apanI vastue~ yA guNa nahIM haiM, bAhara se AI huI vastue~ haiN| jo bAhara se AtA hai, vaha calA bhI jAtA hai; usameM parivartana bhI hotA hai| jaise bacapana, javAnI aura buDhApA bAhara se Ate haiM, aura avasthA ke anusAra zarIra se saMlagna ho jAte haiM, vaise hI ye vibhinna upAdhiyA~ (AtmabAhya vastue~) bAhara se AtI haiM, karmoM ke kAraNa AtmA se cipaka jAtI haiN|' ..... phira karma meM ina vRttiyoM, pravRttiyoM aura ruciyoM Adi ke kAraNa parivartana hote rahate haiN| ye parivartana acche bhI hote haiM, bure bhii| jaina karmavijJAna uparyukta vastuoM ke parivartana ke sAtha-sAtha karma kI gatividhi athavA viziSTa karma kI racanA meM parivartana batAtA hai| jainakarmavijJAna : gati-pravRtti Adi meM parivartana batAne vAlA tharmAmITara ... karma vizeSa meM yaha parivartana jaba hotA hai, taba jIvana kI gatividhi meM bhI parivartana hotA hai| kaI bAra to yaha parivartana eka hI bAra ke karma-vizleSaNa ko sunane, 1. kammuNA uvAhI jaayi| . -AcArAMga 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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148 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) karmapariNAma ko dekhane-samajhane evaM upadeza-nirdeza tathA preraNA ko grahaNa karane se zIghra ghaTita ho jAtA hai| kaI bAra kucha dera se parivartana hotA hai, ThokareM khAte-khAte svabhAva. meM parivartana hone ke sAtha hI karma-parivartana aura karma-parivartana ke sAtha hI jIvana parivartana hotA hai| karmavijJAna eka tharmAmITara (tApa-mApaka yaMtra ) kI bhA~tikarmaparivartana ke sAtha hI jIvana meM parivartana kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti, anubhUti, karma kI prakRti, anya karma prakRtiyoM kI sahasthiti Adi batA detA hai| karmavijJAna ke rahasya zravaNa-manana se jIvana meM acUka parivartana karmavijJAna kA jo rahasya jAna letA hai, use anAyAsa hI yaha anubhUti ho jAtI hai. ki yaha karma zubha hai yA azubha ? isa karma kA kyA pariNAma A sakatA hai ? yaha karma jIvana kI unnati meM sahAyaka hai yA bAdhaka ? isa karma ko karanA cAhiye yA nahIM karanA cAhie? isa prakAra jisa karma se jIvana meM krUratA bar3hatI hai, raudradhyAna bar3hatA hai, vRttiyA~ bhI kaThora ho jAtI haiM, lezyAe~ azubha ho jAtI haiM, aisA vyakti bhI yadi karmavijJAna ke marmajJa evaM anubhavI puruSa ke mukha se ukta krUra karma se adhogati yA durgati hone kI, pIr3A pAne kI, antima samaya meM pazcAttApa-pUrvaka hAyatobA macAne aura ArtadhyAna karate hue zarIra chor3ane kI bAta sunatA hai to usakA prabhAva kabhI-kabhI aisA acUka par3atA hai ki sArA hI jIvana AmUlacUla badala jAtA hai / ' kapilamuni eka ghora araNya meM se hokara jA rahe the, tabhI unheM vahA~ ke nikaTa cora pallI ke 500 coroM ne ghera liyaa| coroM ne muni kI talAzI lI to kucha bhI unake pAsa nahIM niklaa| yaha jAnakara pallIpati ke kahane se unheM chor3a diyA gyaa| muni yatanApUrvaka mastI se Age jAne lage, tabhI pallIpati ne unase kahA- " -"munivara ! Apa jA to rahe hI haiN| jAte-jAte hameM eka gIta sunA diijie|" coroM kI prArthanA para muni ne apanI ApabItI ko usameM samAviSTa karate hue dhruvapada rAga meM eka adhyayana sunaayaa| jo uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kapilIya nAmaka aSTama adhyayana ke rUpa meM aMkita hai| karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM hI unhoMne isa prathama gAthA kA uccAraNa kiyA " adhuve asAsayammi saMsArammi dukkha pAurAe / kiM nAma hojja taM kammayaM jeNAhaM doggaiM na gacchejjA // arthAt-"yaha saMsAra adhruva hai, azAzvata hai aura aneka duHkhoM se paripUrNa hai| (yaha bhayaMkara duHkha aneka durgatiyoM aura kuyoniyoM meM manuSya ko apane dvArA kRta krUra evaM 9. 2. prekSAdhyAna sitambara 1989 meM prakAzita lekha se sAra-saMkSipta dekheM - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 8/1 gAthA For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna : jIvana parivartana kA vijJAna 149 kaThora karmavaza milatA hai|) ataH aisA kauna-sA karma hai, jisake karane se maiM durgati meM na jAU~ ?" coroM ne yaha sunA to ve Atmavibhora ho ge| karmavijJAna ke sandarbha meM hI unhoMne yaha gAthA dhruvapada meM gAkara sunAI thii| coroM ke mAnasa ko yaha gAthA chU gii| unake antartama ko jhakajhora ddaalaa| unakI zuddha AtmA jAga utthii| phira unhoMne apane jIvana meM cala rahI azAnti, vyAkulatA, cintA kI tulanA kapilamuni kI zAnti, svasthatA, mastI aura nizcintatA se kI to unakA mAnasa jijJAsA aura ruci tathA utsukatA ke svara meM sunane aura jAnane ko utkaNThita ho gyaa| unake mana meM bhI vahI prazna pratidhvanita hone lgaa| ve svayaM se mana hI mana pUchane lage-kyA hama jo kucha krUra karma kara rahe haiM, vaha hameM durgati meM nahIM le jAegA ? lakSaNa to abhI se hamAre jIvana-paTa para aMkita ho rahe haiN| kyA hama bhI ina mahAmuni kI taraha apanA bhaviSya aura vartamAna nizcinta, zAnta, ujjvala nahIM banA sakate ? vaha kauna-sA satkarma hai, jisase hama apanI durgati ko sugati meM, apanI nirAzA ko AzA meM, apanI andhakAramaya jiMdagI ko prakAzamaya jiMdagI meM, tathA mRtyu ke patha ko amaratva ke patha meM parivartita kara sakate haiM ? aura jyoM-jyoM vizuddhaprajJa kapila muni ke mukha se uttarottara gAthAe~ sunate gae, tyoM-tyoM coroM kA hRdaya-parivartana hone lagA aura ve uttarottara vairAgya kI taraMgoM meM bahane lge| jaba unhoMne yaha sunA ki ina krUra karmoM ke phalasvarUpa " prabhUta karmoM se lipta hone vAle vyaktiyoM ko bodhi-prApti bhI ati durlabha ho jAtI hai, "" taba to una sabhI coroM ne eka sAtha hI pratibaddha hokara apane jIvana kI dizA hI badala dii| ve cora-jIvana ko chor3a kara isa karmavijJAna kI preraNA pAkara sAdhu jIvana meM saMlagna ho ge| eka karmavijJAnavettA cAraNa jaMgala ke rAste se jA rahA thaa| eka zikArI bhI zastrAstroM se susajjita hokara pazuoM ke zikAra ke lie usI mArga se jA rahA thaa| cAraNa ko dekhakara usane pUchA- "kyoMjI ! jahA~ zera, bAgha Adi rahate haiM, usa jaMgala kA rAstA yahI hai ?" cAraNa ne karmavijJAna kI bhASA meM use kahA jIva mAratAM naraka hai, jIva bacAtAM sgg| hUM jANUM doI bATar3I, jiNa bhAve tiNa laggaM // yaha sunate hI zikArI kI AtmA ekadama jAgRta ho gii| vaha zastra-astra vahIM phaiMka ra ulTe pairoM lauTa gyaa| karmavijJAna kI preraNA usake roma-roma meM rama gii| vaha zikArIjIvana chor3akara sAtvika gRhastha jIvana yApana karane lgaa| 1. bahukammalevalittANaM bohI hoI sudullahA tesiM / For Personal & Private Use Only -uttarA 8

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150 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) __yaha huA eka sAtha 500 coroM kA jIvana-parivartana! isI prakAra eka vyakti meM bhI parivartana hotA hai| vaha azubha karma ko chor3akara zubha karma meM pravRtta hotA hai, athavA zuddha abandhaka karma meN| parantu prAyaH vyakti meM yaha parivartana hotA hai-apane se prazna pUchane se| apane Apa se-apanI AtmA se svayaM bAta karane se| __isIlie dazavaikAlika sUtra meM ekAnta meM, rAtri ke prathama athavA antima pahara meM, sAdhaka ko svayaM karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM AtmasamprekSaNa-apanI AtmA se prazna pUchane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki maiMne kyA kiyA hai ? kauna-sA kRtya karanA zeSa hai? aura kauna-sA aisA satkArya (sukarma) hai jise maiM kara sakatA hU~ phira bhI nahIM kara pA rahA hU~ ? mere karma ko (mujhe) dUsarA kisa dRSTi se dekha rahA hai ? aura merI apanI AtmA (apane karma ke viSaya meM) kyA socatI hai ? kauna-sI aisI skhalanA hai, jise maiM chor3a nahIM rahA hU~ ? sAdhaka isa prakAra (karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM) svayaM anuzIlana-anuvIkSaNa karatA huA, use bhaviSya para na chor3e, tatkAla hI usa kRtya yA skhalanA (bhUla) ko sudhAra le|'' __ AgamoM meM yatra-tatra aise ullekha milate haiM ki karmavijJAna dvArA karma yA karmaphalapara cintana karate-karate vyakti kA jIvana ekadama badala gyaa| zAlibhadra kI mA~ ne kahA thA-"beTA! ye apane siratAja, apane magadhadeza ke adhipati, apane nAtha zreNikanRpa padhAre haiN|" isa vAkya para zAlibhadra ke antara meM manthana huA-"kyA mere sira para bhI koI adhipati hai ? kyA merI AtmA aisA karma (abandhaka karma) karake apanI adhipati nahIM bana sakatI ? mujhe apanA nAtha, apanA siratAja svayaM bananA hai| kaise banUM?" isI manthana-cintana ne dhanakubera evaM vaibhava meM AkaNTha DUbe hue zAlibhadra ko viraktAtmA nirgrantha akiMcana anagAra zAlibhadra muni banA diyaa| ve karmavijJAna-marmajJa evaM prarUpaka zramaNa bhagavAn ke upadeza se karma se akarma kI sthiti meM pahuMca ge| paMcendriya viSayoM meM magna, bhogavilAsoM meM DUbe hue, vaibhava meM sarAbora samudrapAla kA bhI jIvana vadhyasthAna para le jAte hue eka cora ko dekhakara sahasA badala gyaa| usane zobhAyAtrA meM vadhya-vyakti kI vezabhUSA meM sajjita eka cora ko dekhakara apane Apase kahA-aho ! yaha azubha karmo-pApakarmoM kA hI phala hai, jisake kAraNa ise mRtyudaNDa mila rahA hai| yaha isake pApakarmoM kA hI daNDa hai, jinheM karane, na karane meM yaha svatantra thA, kintu isane apane pApakarmoM kA tyAga nahIM kiyA, jisake kAraNa ise mRtyudaNDa mila rahA hai| maiM bhI agara manuSya janma pAkara bhogoM meM phaMsa gayA to phira kabhI yA kisI janma meM mujhe 1. dekheM-dazavaikAlika sUtra meM AtmasamprekSaNa kI vidhi-dazavaikAlika dvitIya cUlikA kI gAthA 12-13 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna : jIvana-parivartana kA vijJAna 151 Atmabodha evaM karmavijJAna kA bodha nahIM milegaa| isa prakAra samudrapAla svayaM sambaddha ho gayA, parama saMvega ko prApta huaa| samudrapAla ne mAtA-pitA aura sabhI parivAra, dhana-dhAnya Adi ko chor3akara vaibhavazAlI jIvana ko saMyamI jIvana meM parivartita kara liyaa| citta muni ke jIva (saMyamI muni) ne bhI saMbhUti ke jIva brahmadatta cakravartI ko karmavijJAna ke sandarbha meM preraNA dI thI-"rAjan! tumane pUrvajanma meM bhogoM kI vAMchArUpa nidAna se karma upArjita kiye the, unhIM ke phalasvarUpa Aja hama donoM eka dUsare se bichur3a ge| aba bhI kucha nahIM bigar3A hai| aba yadi tuma ina bhogoM ko chor3akara sAdhu banakara abandhaka karma karo to ThIka ho sakate ho| yadi bhogoM ko chor3ane meM bhI asamartha ho to kama sekama Arya (zubha) karma to karo, jisase tumhArA bhAvI jIvana zubha gati aura zubha yoni prApta karane meM samartha ho ske|" parantu isa para brahmadatta cakravartI ne apane Apa meM bilkula cintana nahIM kiyA, apane bhaviSya ko ujjvala banAne kA koI vicAra nahIM kiyaa| phalataH vaha naraka kA mehamAna bnaa| karmavijJAna-marmajJa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane paTTaziSya gaNadhara gautama ko vartamAna-prazastarAgamaya jIvana badalane kI dRSTi se karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM apramatta hokara sAdhanA karane ke lie kahA thaa| saMkSepa meM usakA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki zubhAzubha karmoM ke phalasvarUpa yaha.jIva pramAda rata hokara paribhramaNa karatA hai, tuma bhI svakarmavaza ekendriya meM pRthvIkAyika, apkAyika, tejaskAyika, vAyukAyika evaM vanaspatikAyika jIvoM meM vahA~ kI utkRSTa sthiti prApta karake rahe ho, phira kisI karmavaza kramazaH dvIndriya, zrIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya prANiyoM meM bhI raha Ae ho, paMcendriyoM meM bhI devoM aura nArakoM meM bhI tumhArA jIva rahA hai| aba pUrvakRta zubha karmavaza manuSya janma milA hai, sAtha hI Aryatva, paripUrNa paMcendriya, uttama dharmazravaNa tathA usa para zraddhA aura phira dharmAcaraNa karanA Adi durlabha vastuoM kI prApti tumheM huI hai| ataH aba bilkula pramAda kiye binA vItarAgatA kI dizA meM puruSArtha kro| isa prakAra kA karmavijJAna garbhita upadeza pAkara gautama svAmI kI antarAtmA punaH aMgar3AI lekara vItarAgatA kI dizA meM adhikAdhika puruSArtha karane lgii| unakA jIvana-parivartana karane meM pahale (gaNadhara pada prApti se pUrva) bhI karmavijJAna ke upadeza kA praya rahA aura aba bhii| antatogatvA ve bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prati prazastarAga ko bhI chor3a kara mokSagAmI hue| 1. (ka) dekheM-zAlibhadra caritra (AcArya zrI javAharalAlajI) (kha) uttarAdhyayana a. 21, gA. 8-10 dekheN| (ga) dekheM-citta saMbhUtIya adhyayana, uttarAdhyana a. 12, gA.8, 13,22 2. dekheM-uttarAdhyayana kA dasavA~ drumapatraka adhyayana For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ataH karmavijJAna jIvana parivartana karane kA vijJAna hai / karmavijJAna kA sandeza hai - manuSya apanI jisa nimna bhUmikA meM hai, usase Upara utthe| agara yaha madhyama bhUmikA meM hai, to usase Age bar3he aura ucca bhUmikA para ArUr3ha ho / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne samasta saMsArI jIvoM, vizeSataH jijJAsu mAnavoM se kahA- "agaNita azuddha karmoM kA kSaya karake kadAcit kramazaH AtmA kI zuddhi hone se durlabhatara manuSya janma milA hai, kintu isake pazcAt dharmazravaNa, zraddhA, aura saMyama meM parAkrama durlabhatama ghATiyA~ haiN| inheM pAra kara lene para manuSya apane karmoM kA kSaya karane kA puruSArtha vrata, niyama tathA bAhyAbhyantara tapa kA AcaraNa karake kare / karmoM ke kAraNoM-rAga-dveSa, moha, kaSAya Adi ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara unako AtmA se pRthak kre| aise karmakSaya kA puruSArtha karate rahane se bhI alpakarmA vyakti ucca devaloka prApta kara letA hai| aura jo muni banakara saMvRta hai - saMvara dharma meM rata hai, usakI bhI do gatiyA~ haiM- yA to samasta duHkhoM (karmoM) kA anta karake siddha-buddha-mukta paramAtmA bana jAte haiM, athavA alpakarmA maharddhika deva banate haiN"|" 152 isake viparIta jo vyakti uddhata, evaM svacchanda hokara pratyakSadarziyoM kI preraNAnusAra manamAnA AcaraNa karatA hai, pApakarmoM kA tyAga nahIM karatA hai, vaha narakagAmI hotA hai| koI bhI bandhu-bAndhava, mAtA-pitA Adi svajana use karmoM ke duHkhada phala se bacA nahIM skte| karmavijJAna ke sandeza kI jo avahelanA karatA hai, svacchandAcaraNa karatA hai, vaha ajJa mAnava hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, abrahmacarya, parigraha Adi pApoM ko chor3atA nhiiN| vaha mana, vacana, kAyA se matta aura ucchRMkhala hokara kaSAyoM aura viSayAsakti meM tathA surA-mAMsasevana meM racA- pacA rahatA hai, vaha antima samaya meM ghora pazcAttApa karatA hai, socatA hai - maiMne naraka sthAnoM kI bAta sunI thI ki krUra karma karane vAle duHzIla vyakti naraka meM jAte haiM, jahA~ pragAr3ha vedanA hotI hai| athavA apane karmAnusAra vaha devaloka meM bhI jAtA hai, to nIcI jAti kA kilviSI deva banatA hai, phira vaha pazcAttApa karatA hai| karmavijJAna ke zarIra, indriya, gati, yoga, veda Adi kI gatividhi ke sAtha kucha niyata niyama haiN| una niyamoM para se pratyeka prANI ke jIvana kA bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi bhaviSya kA jJAna to karmavijJAna meM pAraMgata zrutakevaliyoM yA kevalajJAniyoM athavA yatkiMcit rUpa meM avadhijJAna - manaH paryavajJAna ke dhArakoM ko hotA hai / parantu karmoM ke kAraNa gati, indriya, kAya, yoga Adi meM hone vAle parivartanoM ko dekhakara anumAna karake athavA viziSTa jJAna se sAdhAraNa jJAnI ko bhI usake 9. 2. (ka) dekheM - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 3 gA. 7 se 11 tk| (kha) a. 5gA. 25 (ka) uttarAdhyayana a. 4/2, (kha) a. 5 / 9, 10, 12, 13 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina karma-vijJAna : jIvana-parivartana kA vijJAna 153 bhUtakAlIna tathA vartamAnakAlIna jIvana kA patA laga jAtA hai| jaise ki samudrapAla ne muni banane se pUrva vadhyabhUmi kI ora le jAte hue eka cora ko dekhakara usake pUrvakRta amuka azubha karmoM kA patA lagA liyA thaa| prAcIna jaina kathAoM meM to yatra-tatra ullekha hai ki atIndriya jJAnI munivaroM ke dvArA jijJAsu evaM saMkaTa meM par3A huA vyakti apane bhUta bhaviSya ke viSaya meM pUchatA hai, aura ve usake jIvana parivartana kI kahAnI, kina karmoM ke kAraNa, kina lezyA, yoga Adi kI pravRttiyoM-vRttiyoM ke kAraNa huI thIM, unakI ora dhyAna khIMcate the| isa prakAra karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se una jijJAsu vyaktiyoM kA jIvana sahasA ucca bhUmikA kI ora prasthAna karane ke lie udyata-utthita ho jAtA thaa| kaI-kaI vyakti to karmavijJAna kA sandeza sunakara karma se akarma kI ora prasthAna karane ke lie tIvratA se tatpara ho jAte the| ___ vyaktitva meM yaha parivartana prAyaH karmavijJAna ke sandeza se hotA hai, kintu Antarika icchA se bhI hotA hai, aura paropadeza yA zAstroM ke upadeza se bhI hotA hai| ___ vyakti ke jIvana meM yaha jo parivartana hotA hai, vaha manovaijJAnikoM kI dRSTi meM to avacetana mana meM hotA hai, cetana mana ke stara para nhiiN| parivartana kA mUla srota haiavacetana mn| avacetana mana meM jaba yaha bAta pahu~ca jAtI hai, ki krodhAdi ke kAraNa bhayaMkara karmabandhana hoMge aura durgati Adi duHkhadAyaka pariNAma bhI bhoganA par3egA, taba antarmana meM basI haI bAta sahasA parivartana ko bAdhya kara detI hai, cetana mana ko| taba vyakti ke vyaktitva meM parivartana AtA hai| ___ karmazAstra kI bhASA meM kaheM to prANI ke sAre vyavahAra kA nirdhAraka athavA jJApaka tattva hai-kaarmnnshriir| kArmaNa zarIra ko prabhAvita kiyA jAe to vyakti ke jIvana meM parivartana zIghra ghaTita ho jAtA hai, kintu sthUla zarIra yA taijasa zarIra ko prabhAvita karane se parivartana kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| ye donoM hI vyavahAra ke nirdhAraka nahIM haiN| vyakti dhyAna, kAyotsarga, mauna Adi nivRttipradhAna prakriyAoM dvArA karmavijJAna ke mAdhyama se apane aura dUsaroM ke jIvana meM parivartana lA sakatA hai| yadyapi dUsare vyakti meM parivartana hogA, usI kI antaricchA se, parantu preraka yA mArgadarzaka dUsarA karma-marmajJa vyakti bana sakatA hai| nivRtti kAla meM zuddha cetanA kA anubhava hotA hai| usa samaya saMlagna karmoM ko prathaka karane kI tIvratA bhI jAgatI hai, karmazarIra para usakA prabhAva par3atA hai| purAnI vRtti-pravRttiyA~ dhIre-dhIre khisakane lagatI haiN| naI Ane nahIM paatiiN| ___ isalie yaha niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki, jaina karmavijJAna jIvana-parivartana kA vijJAna hai / vaha prANimAtra ke jIvana kI halacala ko batA detA hai, usake bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna kI jhA~kI bhI karA sakane meM vaha samartha hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAdaH nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda? karmavAda : saMsAra-samudra meM prakAzastambha samudra meM jahA~ caTTAneM hotI haiM, unase TakarA kara jahAjoM ke cUra-cUra hone kA khatarA . rahatA hai, athavA jahA~ Amane-sAmane se jahAjoM ke Ane-jAne kA rAstA ho, yA jahA~ AMdhI, varSA, tUphAna, koharA tathA rAtri ke samaya ghanA andhakAra ho jAne se jahAja ko rAstA va baMdaragAha na dikhAI par3atA ho, vahA~ eka bahuta U~cA prakAzastambha lagA rahatA hai, jo dUra-dUra taka prakAza phaiMka kara mArga dikhAtA rahatA hai| dUra-dUra se jahAja Ate haiM aura khatare se baca kara sahI-salAmata pAra ho jAte haiN| ___ isI prakAra saMsAra-samudra meM bhI karmavAda kA siddhAnta prakAza-stambha ke samAna hai; jo saMsAra-samudra kI yAtrA karane vAle jIvarUpI nAvikoM ko apanI jIvana-naukA sahIsalAmata pAra karane hetu prathama guNasthAna se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAna taka ke unake jIvana yAtrA mArga ko prArambha se anta taka prakAzita karatA rahatA hai aura yaha bhI batAtA rahatA hai ki yahA~ krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa, moha, mada, matsara, kAma, bhaya Adi kI caTTAneM haiM, inase TakarA jAoge to tumhArI jIvana-naiyA yahIM sachidra hokara DUba jAegI, Age nahIM bar3ha paaegii| yahA~ moha kA bha~varajAla hai, isase bcnaa| aura yaha~ saMvara aura nirjarArUpa dharma kA athavA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra-tapa kA nirApada mArga hai| isa rAste se tumhArI jIvana-naukA sakuzala saMsAra-samudra ko pAra kara skegii| ___ isa prakAra karmavAda saMsAra-samudra kI yAtrA karane vAle jIva-nAvikoM ke lie AzAspada, vizvasta, sahAyaka evaM mArgadarzaka prakAzastambha hai|' ajJAnI diGmUDha vyakti prakAzastambha se lAbha nahIM uThA pAte parantu ajJAnI, diGmUDha aura vividha bhrAntiyoM ke zikAra jIva-nAvika apane 1. tulanA kareM- sarIramAhunAvatti, jIvo vuccai naavio| saMsAro aNNavo vutto, jaM taraMti mhesinno|| -uttarAdhyayana 23/73 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 155 ajJAna, moha aura bhrama ke kAraNa karmavAda rUpI prakAzastambha ko dekhate taka nahIM, isa prakAzastambha ke prakAza meM sahI aura galata mArga ko dekhate nahIM, kAma-krodhAdi caTTAnoM se TakarA jAne kI paravAha nahIM karate tathA isa saMsAra-samudra ko athAha karma-jala se paripUrNa dekha kara hatAza, nirAza aura udAsa ho jAte haiM aura karmavAdarUpa prakAzastambha ke prakAza ko bhUla kara ve andhakAramaya mArga meM hI apanI jIvananaiyA ko jaise-taise khete rahate haiN| apane mana meM ve isI bhrAnti ko pAle rahate haiM ki cAroM ora karma-jala hI karma-jala hai| isI ke bharose apanI mAtrA karanI hai, ye cAhe hamArI jIvana naukA ko tAre yA ddubaaye| karmarUpI jala kA pravAha jidhara unakI naukA ko le calatA hai, udhara hI unakI jIvana-naukA calatI rahatI hai| ve karmavAda ke AzAspada vizvasta prakAzamaya mArga kI dizA meM apanI jIvana-naukA ko calAne kA puruSArtha nahIM krte| saMsAra-samudra meM labAlaba bhare hue karma-jala ke thaper3oM se Ahata hokara unakI jIvananaukA jarjara, zithila aura sachidra bhI bana jAtI hai, usake DUbane kA khatarA banA rahatA hai| phira bhI ve karmavAda rUpa prakAzastambha ke yathArtha uddezya ko na samajhakara apane puruSArtha ko uttejita nahIM karate aura hAtha para hAtha dhara kara baiThe rahane kI vRtti ko nahIM chodd'te| cUMki karmavAda unheM yathArtha mArga para calane kA prakAza detA hai, kintu unake mana-mastiSka usa prakAza ko tathA prakAzita yathArtha mArga para jIvana-naukA ko calAne ke puruSArtha ko bahuta hI kaSTadAyaka evaM pIr3AkAraka samajhate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki adhikAMza logoM ke lie karmavAdarUpa prakAzastambha AzAspada evaM vizvasanIya hone ke badale nirAzAjanaka evaM avizvasanIya bana huA hai| karmavAda siddhAnta se katarAne vAle bhrAntimaya mAnava vAstava meM karmavAda-siddhAntarUpI prakAzastambha anyAya, anIti, hiMsAdi pApa karma, juA, corI, ThagI, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, zikAra, hatyA, vyabhicAra Adi burAiyoM kI caTTAnoM se bacane ke lie tathA naitika jIvana jIne tathA AdhyAtmika mArga para calane ke lie thaa| kintu karmavAda kA artha aura uddezya samajhane meM manuSya ne bahuta bar3I bhUla kii| vaha socane lagA ki "jo bure karma karate haiM ve phalate-phUlate haiM, sukhI evaM sampanna dikhAI dete haiM aura jo acche karma karane vAle haiM, ve abhAvapIr3ita haiM, duHkhI haiM, phaTehAla haiM, unheM sukha se apanA jIvanayApana karanA bhI dUbhara ho rahA hai| isalie acchA karma karane se kyA lAbha? bure karmoM para sabhI cala rahe haiM, sabhI to duSkarmoM ke bala para sukhapUrvaka jI rahe haiM, to maiM akelA hI pIche kyoM rahU~ ?" isa prakAra karmavAda ke siddhAnta se nirAza, hatAza hokara karmabandha kI paravAha na karake vaha kRtrima evaM kSaNika sukhasampannatA ke lie yena-kena-prakAreNa jIvana yApana For Personal & Private Use Only

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156 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) karane lgaa| kucha logoM ne anyAya, anIti aura adharma ke rAste para cala kara sukhI hone kA divAsvapna dekhA, hAtha-paira bhI maare| kintu na to unake pAsa pUrvajanmakRta puNyarAzi saMcita thI, na hI isa janma meM unhoMne zubhakarma upArjita kiye, phalataH unheM nirAzA hI hAtha lgii| kucha logoM ne corI, DakaitI, taskarI, ThagI, anIti, anyAya, zoSaNa Adi karake kucha dhana ekatra kiyaa| kintu vaha anyAyopArjita dhana unake lie sukha-zAnti kA kAraNa na bnaa| phalataH parivAra meM phUTa, kalaha, vaimanasya tathA cintA, bImArI Adi duHkha aura azAnti kA daura calane lgaa| karmavAda ke siddhAnta se lAbha uThAne vAloM kA cintana evaM kSamatA "acche karmoM ke acche phala hote haiM aura bure karmoM ke bure phala;" karmavAda kA yaha sUtra jisake hRdaya meM spaSTataH aMkita ho jAtA hai, athavA jo karmavAda ke prakAza meM zubha-azubha aura zuddha mArga ko pahacAna letA hai tathA usake prakAza ko hRdaya se svIkAra kara letA hai, vaha apane jIvana meM zraddhApUrvaka yaha dRr3ha nizcaya kara letA hai ki azubhakarma kA phala azubha hI milatA hai cAhe vaha Aja mile, mahIne, varSa yA varSoM bAda mile| isalie mujhe azubha evaM aniSTa karmoM se sadaiva bacanA caahie| __ aisA vyakti karmavAda ke siddhAnta para aTala vizvAsa rakhatA hai, aura sadaiva yaha cintana karatA rahatA hai-maiM kauna hU~? maiM kisa dizA yA vidizA se yahA~ (manuSya loka meM) AyA hU~ ? yahA~ se mara kara paraloka meM kyA hoUMgA?' maiMne koI na koI zubhakarma rAzi saMcita kI thI, usI ke kAraNa mujhe manuSya janma milA hai| aba maiM aisA kauna-sA zubhakarma karU~ yA karmakSaya karane kA puruSArtha karUM, jisase mujhe isa janma meM bhI sukha-zAnti mile aura AgAmI janma meM bhI yA to zubhagati prApta ho athavA karmoM se sarvathA mukta hokara AtmA se paramAtmA bnuuN|" AcArAMga sUtra ke anusAra vaha karmavAdI vyakti yaha socatA hai-"pUrvajanma yA janmoM meM maiMne acche karma (satkriyAe~) kiye haiM, isa janma meM bhI karUMgA aura dUsaroM se sakriyAe~ karAU~gA tathA jo sakriyAe~ karane vAlA hai usakA samarthaka-anumodaka bNnuugaa|" aise karmavAdaniSTha vyakti pUrvabaddha karmoM ko kSaya karane ke lie, aura naye azubha karmoM ko rokane ke lie satata puruSArtha karate haiN| zubhakarmoM kA phala zIghra na mile, athavA zubhakarma karate hue bhI pUrvabaddha azubhakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa kabhI kaSTa, vipatti, saMkaTa yA duHkha A par3e to bhI satpuruSArtha meM zithilatA nahIM laate| aise loga karmavAdarUpI prakAzastambha ke prakAza se pUrA-pUrA lAbha uThAte haiN| 1. ke ahaM AsI? ke vA io cuo iha peccA bhavissAmi? -AcArAMga sUtra 1/1/2 2. 'akarissaM cahaM, kAravesuM cahaM, kArao vAvi samaNNuNo bhvissaami|" -vahI, 1/1/6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 157 karma siddhAnta se anabhijJa vyakti kI durdazA isake viparIta jo vyakti karma siddhAnta se aparijJAta hotA hai, vaha yahA~ bhI aura paraloka meM bhI dizAoM aura anudizAoM meM apane-apane karmoM ke anusAra bhaTakatA rahatA hai| vaha aneka prakAra kI yoniyoM ko prApta hotA hai tathA vibhinna prakAra ke sparzo (sukha-duHkha ke AghAtoM) kA anubhava karatA hai|"" yaha karmavAda ko maukhika rUpa se svIkArane vAle kintu zuddha abandhaka karma (satkriyA) se athavA satkarma se palAyana karane vAle vyakti kI dazA kA citraNa hai| karmasiddhAnta se anabhijJa vyaktiyoM dvArA parAjayavAda kA Azraya karmavAda ke siddhAnta se anabhijJa vyakti sAdhanA aura vyavahAra ke kSetra meM prAyaH yaha kaha baiThate haiM ki "hama yaha kArya nahIM kara sakate kyoMki karma kA aisA hI yoga hai| jaba zubha karma kA udaya hogA, tabhI hama kucha kara skeNge|" ve karmavAda ke viSaya meM isa prakAra kI bhrAnti ke zikAra bane hue haiM ki "karma hI saba kucha karAtA hai| saMsAra meM usI kI sArvabhauma sattA hai| hama to karma ke hAtha kI kaThaputalI haiM, vaha jaise nacAegA, vaise hI naaceNge|" kaI daphA karmavAda ke siddhAnta se anabhijJa vyakti kisI acche kArma ko karane kA puruSArtha nahIM karatA taba apanI vipanna dazA ko chipAne ke lie kahatA hai / "maiM kyA karatA, karma hI aisA thA? karma ke kAraNa hI mere se yaha kArya huaa|" galata kArya yA pApakarma kiyA manuSya ne aura doSa mar3ha diyA karma ke sira para / kyA aisA karane se vyakti karmaphala se baca sakatA hai? yaha parAjayavAda hai| karma kA bahAnA banA kara manuSya apanI kamajoriyA~ chipAtA hai| vaha karma ke Age apanI hAra mAnatA hai / para yaha nahIM socatA ki aisA karane se kyA vaha karma se yA karmaphala se baca jAegA? manuSya jaba taka aSTakarmoM se sarvathA mukta-siddha-buddha-nirAkAraazarIrI paramAtmA nahIM bana jAtA, taba taka use kucha na kucha pravRtti yA kriyA (karma) karanI hI par3atI hai| yaha avazya hai ki vItarAga puruSa ke dvArA jo bhI karma (kriyA) kiyA jAtA hai, usase AtmaguNaghAtaka karma bandha nahIM hotA, na hI anya karma kA bandha hotA hai| chadmastha sAdhaka jo yatanAzIla evaM sarvabhUtAtmabhUta samadarzI hai, usake bhI azubha (pApa) karma kA bandha nahIM hotaa| ataH jo karma se Dara-Dara kara Avazyaka yA zubha kriyA yA pravRtti karane se katarAtA hai, usake lie sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi meM kahA gayA hai -- "karma se 1. 'apariNNAya kamme khalu ayaM purise, jo imAo disAo vA anudisAo vA aNusaMcarai // " - AcArAMga 1/1/8 2. karmavAda pra. 102 For Personal & Private Use Only

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158 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) Darakara calane vAle (Avazyaka evaM sahaja tathA zubha karma na karane vAle) vyakti apa karmoM meM vRddhi hI karate haiN| kyoMki unakA citta malina hotA hai, ve zuddha mana se koI nahIM krte|"" karma siddhAnta se anabhijJa hI karma ke viSaya meM bhrAnta evaM bhayabhIta karmavAda ke rahasya se avijJAta vyakti karma se isalie bhI Darate rahate haiM ki bahuta bAra karma kI zakti ke bAre meM aneka bAteM sunate haiN| prAyaH karmavAda ke marma se avyakti isa dhAraNA se grasta ho jAtA hai ki manuSya kA sArA kA sArA jIvana, vyakti evaM vartamAna atIta meM baddhakarmoM se ba~dhA huA hai| bhUtakAla meM usane jo karma bA~dhe the, jAtI ke anusAra usakA jIvana banA hai| vartamAna meM Ane vAle saMkaTa, duHkha, vighna Adi pUrvabaddha karma ke phala haiM, inheM koI badala nahIM sakatA, inako Ane se roka nahIM sakatA inakA phala bhoge binA koI cArA nahIM hai| isa prakAra kI ekapakSIya ekAMgI dhAraNA Ama AdamI kI sahaja hI bana jAtI hai| vaha atIta kI pakar3a ko DhIlI karane, chor3ane aura pUrvabaddha karmoM kI prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ko badalane meM svayaM ko asamartha samajhatA hai| vaha aisA soca bhI nahIM pAtA ki pUrvabaddha karmoM ko badalA yA udaya meM Ane se pUrva hI phala bhoga kara kSaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| karma kI zakti ke viSaya meM bhrAnta dhAraNA bhI nirAzAvAda kI jananI isa bhrAnta dhAraNA ke banane meM eka kAraNa aura bhI hai| vaha karma ke viSaya meM prAyaH yahI sunatA A rahA thA ki karma kisI ko bhI chor3atA nahIM, cAhe vaha AkAkSa meM ur3akara calA jAe, cAhe pAtAla meM ghusa jAe, athavA ekAnta sthAna meM jAkara chipa jaae| bar3e-bar3e tIrthaMkaroM, cakravartiyoM, yugapuruSoM, pahalavAnoM aura yoddhAoM ko bhI karma chor3atA nahIM, sAmAnya AdamI to kisa bAga kI mUlI hai ? Adi tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko bAraha mahIne se kucha adhika samaya taka AhAra nahIM milA; yaha unake pUrvakRta karma kA hI prabhAva thaa| maryAdA puruSottama rAma ko rAjyAbhiSeka ke badale caudaha varSa kA vanavAsa kA kaSTa bhoganA par3A, mahAsatI sItA jaisI pavitra mahilA kA eka dhobI ke kathana para se zrIrAma dvArA tyAga karane kI ghaTanA, karma ke mahAprabhAva ko ujAgara karatI hai / sanatkumAra jaise advitIya rUpavAn cakravartI kA akasmAt duHsAdhya rogAkrAnta honA, karma kI zakti kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai| satyavAdI harizcandra ko cANDAla ke yahA~ bika kara zmazAna ghATa para caukIdArI kA kArya karanA bhI karma kI pracaNDa zakti kA namUnA hai| zrIkRSNa vAsudeva kI ihalIlA kA jarAkumAra ke bANa se samApta honA, evaM baladeva dvArA unake mRtadeha ko chaha mahIne taka kaMdhe para uThAye phiranA bhI karma kI tAkata kA 9. "karmabhItAH karmaNyeva varddhayanti, cittaM na dUSayitavyaM / " - sUtrakRtAMga 12 tathA 1/2/2 2. karmavAda pR. 122 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda H nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 159 paricAyaka hai| candanabAlA jaisI sukumAra rAjakumArI kA dAsI ke rUpa meM bikanA aura gulAma banakara rahanA tathA aneka kaSTa uThAnA bhI karma ke aTala niyama kA sUcaka hai| subhadrA jaisI satI ke sira para mithyA kalaMka kA AnA, tathA madanarekhA, aMjanA, Adi satiyoM para ghora kaSTa aura vana-vana meM nirAzrita bhaTakanA bhI karma ke prabhAva ko abhivyakta karatA hai| isa prakAra karma kA prabhAva vizva meM, samasta prANiyoM para sarva kAlavyApI evaM sArvatrika hai| karma ke prabhAva se rAjA raMka aura raMka rAjA bana jAtA hai| eka vyakti karma ke prabhAva se abhAvapIr3ita jiMdagI vyatIta karatA hai, dUsarA vyakti pAnI mAMgatA hai to use dUdha milatA hai| karma ke prabhAva se manuSya marakara pazu-pakSI, nAraka yA deva cAhe jisa yoni meM janma letA hai| karma ke prabhAva se zreSThiputra hote hue bhI eka vyakti sArI jiMdagI roga, zoka, cintA aura vyathA meM bitAtA hai, jabaki dUsarA bImAra evaM garIba pitA kA putra hote hue bhI vidyAvAn, buddhimAna, svastha aura saundaryamUrti hotA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra jaise mahApuruSa ke kAnoM meM kIle Thoke gae, anArya deza meM unheM bahuta kaSTa sahanA par3A, yaha bhI karma kA adbhuta prabhAva hai| yaha karma kI hI mahimA hai ki zAlibhadra ko dhanakubera gobhadraseTha ke yahA~ janma milA, sukha-vaibhava ke sabhI sAdhana prApta hue| vaha saMsAra meM jo kucha vicitratA, vibhinnatA evaM vividhatA dRSTigocara ho rahI hai, saba karmajanita hai| "karmoM ke srota chahoM dizAoM meM, jar3a-cetanarUpa vizva meM sarvatra haiN|" duniyA ke pratyeka prANI kA anantakAlIna jIvana karmasUtra se grathita hai| karma ke Age kisI manuSya kI, usake dhana kI, sattA kI siphAriza kI kucha bhI nahIM calatI / ' karma kI zakti ke viSaya meM isa prakAra kI mahimApUrNa bAtoM se prabhAvita hokara sAmAnya mAnava apane Apako vivaza, azakta, dIna-hIna, parAvalambI evaM karmAdhIna samajhane lagatA hai aura prAyaH aisI dhAraNA banA letA hai, ki karma jaisA karAyegA, vaisA karanA hogaa| jaisA karma kA lekha hai, vaisA hI hogaa| usameM rattIbhara bhI parivartana kI guMjAiza nahIM hai| isa prakAra karmavAda ke viSaya meM bhrAnti kA zikAra hokara vaha nirAza, hatAza, nizceSTa evaM puruSArthahIna hokara baiTha jAtA hai| Aja manuSya ke puruSArtha ne kSayaroga, maleriyA, plega, cecaka jaise bhayaMkara rogoM para vijaya pA lI hai| cecaka ko daivI prakopa tathA anya rogoM ko karmajanya mAnA jAtA thaa| Aja rogoM kI bahuta hI rokathAma ho cukI hai| yadi roga karmajanya hote to ve nestanAbUda 1. (ka) jainadRSTie karma (DaoN. motIcaMda gi. kApaDiyA ) pR. 21/22 (kha) AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 5 u. 6 sU. 587 For Personal & Private Use Only

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160 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) kaise hote? yadi roga yA maraNa kevala karmajanya hai to mRtyu dara kaise ghaTa gaI ? baccoM kA akAla meM kAla-kavalita honA bhI to karmajanya mAnA jAtA thA magara Aja bAlakoM kI surakSA, rogoM kI rokathAma vaijJAnika DhaMga se kI gaI hai| phira karma kA prakopa kahA~ gayA? kintu jaba sAmAnya mAnava ke samakSa yaha tathya pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai ki manuSya jaisA karma karatA hai, vaisA hI, usI rUpa meM use usakA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| isa prakAra ke ekAMgI pratipAdana se manuSya ke satpuruSArtha kA AzAmaya dIpaka bujha jAtA hai, vaha jJAta-ajJAta rUpa se ajJAnAndhakAra meM bhaTaka jAtA hai| vaha yoM samajhane lagatA hai ki maiM svayaM karma ke Age azakta hU~, asahAya hU~, kyA kara sakatA hU~? jaisA pUrvavaddha karma hai, usakA vaisA hI phala mujhe prApta hogaa| aisI mithyA dhAraNA kA zikAra banakara manuSya dInatA-hInatA-nirdhanatA, azikSA, bImArI evaM rUr3higrastatA va avyavasthA ko jiMdagIbhara DhotA rahatA hai| karmavAda : satpuruSArthayukta AzAvAda-sUcaka ___ parantu karmavAda nirAzA utpanna nahIM karatA, vaha satpuruSArthayukta AzAvAda kA preraka hai| agara karmavAda ko sahI mAne meM samajheM to sUrya ke ujAle kI taraha spaSTa pratIta hogA ki karmavAda kA siddhAnta AtmA ke andhakArapakSa aura ujjvalapakSa donoM ko abhivyakta karatA hai| vaha Asrava aura bandha ke andhakArayukta mArga ko bhI batAtA hai, to sAtha hI vaha saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ke prakAzayukta patha kA bhI pradarzana karatA hai| karmavAda ke rahasya se anabhijJa vyakti : nirAza, niSkriya aura puruSArthahIna ___ parantu karmavAda ke rahasya se anabhijJa vyakti prAyaH Asrava aura bandha ke phala kA vicAra karake, karmavAda ko bhayaMkara aura karma ko manuSya kA zatru samajhakara hatAzanirAza hokara baiTha jAtA hai, athavA bhAgya ke bharose niSkriya va puruSArthahIna hokara baiTha jAtA hai| yA phira vaha bhagavAn ke bharose baiThA rahatA hai| parantu apane nijI puruSArtha para vizvAsa nahIM krtaa| puruSArtha se azubha karmoM ko, zubha karmoM meM badalA jA sakatA hai, karmoM kI sthiti, phaladAnazakti evaM karmoM ke jatthe ko ghaTAyA-bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai| yaha hama pichale nibandha meM saMkramaNa, udvartana, apavartana aura udIraNA ke sandarbha meM vistAra se batA Ae haiN| saMkramaNa Adi kA siddhAnta nirAzAnAzaka satpuruSArtha kA siddhAnta hai| vaha nirAzAvAda yA parAjayavAda kA sUtra nahIM hai| jaina karmavAda hI parivartana siddhAnta kA preraka apane satpuruSArtha para vizvAsa rakhakara karmavAda ke siddhAnta ke anusAra cale, athavA usakA ThIka upayoga kare to vyakti apane pUre vyaktitva ko badala sakatA hai, For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 161 apanI AdatoM, svabhAva, prakRti evaM vicAra ko badala sakatA hai, Arta-raudra dhyAna ko dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna meM parivartita kara sakatA hai, azubha lezyA ko zubha lezyA meM pariNata kara sakatA hai| apane durbhAgya ko saubhAgya meM badala sakatA hai| jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne hI dArzanika jagat meM eka naI bAta kahI ki karmoM ko adala-badala kiyA jA sakatA hai| azubha ko zubha meM palaTA jA sakatA hai| pApa ko puNya meM aura puNya ko pApa meM badalA jA sakatA hai|' udIraNA kA puruSArtha : karma ko udaya meM lAkara zIghra bhoga lene kA upAya anya dArzanikoM ne kahA ki karmoM kA jatthA itanA bhArI-bharakama ho jAtA hai ki unanta kAla taka unheM bhogate-bhogate AdamI thaka jaaegaa| parantu karmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne kahA-aisA ekAnta nahIM hai| karma kaba taka udaya meM AegA? athavA karmoM kA itanA vizAla bhaNDAra kaba khAlI hogA? kyA anantakAla taka karmoM ke kSaya kI pratIkSA karanI hogI? ye zaMkAe~ karmavijJAna ne nirmUla kara dI haiN| yadi pUrvabaddha-sattApatita (saMcita) karmoM ko udaya meM Ane se pahale hI bhoga kara kSINa karanA ho to udIraNA kA puruSArtha kro| baMdhe hue karmoM ko zIghra hI kisI nimitta se udaya meM lAo aura samabhAvI (rAga-dveSa rahita) hokara bhogate jAo, aura tor3ate jaao| vipAka kI pratIkSA mata kro| nidhatta aura nikAcita na baMdhe hoM to una karmoM ko udIraNA ke puruSArtha se zIghra hI kSINa kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu karmavAda nirdiSTa saMvara aura nirjarA ke ina vibhinna prayogAtmaka ujjvala patha para calane kA puruSArtha na karake vyakti azubha karma ke srota-pApAnava aura pApabandha ke patha para sarapaTa daur3a lagAtA hai| svayaM kA doSa : karma ke sira para : karmavAda kI bhrAnta dhAraNA . jIvana meM jaba bhI koI aghaTita ghaTanA ho jAtI hai to karmavAda kI bhrAnti ke zikAra vyakti kahane lagate haiM-"hama kyA karate, karma meM aisA hI likhA thaa|" aise manuSya apanI puruSArthahInatA evaM akarmaNyatA ko dabAne-chipAne ke lie sAre hI guNa-doSoM kA TokarA dharma ke sira para DAla dete haiN| bhalA-burA kucha bhI ho, aisI mithyA dhAraNA se grasta vyakti pharmapara hI sArA dAyitva DAla detA hai| manuSya svayaM baca jAtA hai, karma ko doSI ThaharA detA bhArata ke janamAnasa meM karmavAda ke sAtha-sAtha bhAgyavAda kI itanI bhrAnta dhAraNAe~ yA jamA cukI haiM ki manuSya ina bhrAnta dhAraNAoM ke cakkara meM par3akara bhayaMkara roga kI paur3A bhI bhugatatA hai, saMkaTa aura kaSToM kA sAmanA karane kI apekSA unheM bhAgya kI 1. karmavAda pR. 103 For Personal & Private Use Only

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162 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) amiTa lipi samajha kara bhogatA rahatA hai, dInatA- daridratA bhI cupacApa bhogatA rahatA hai| bhayaMkara rogagrasta yahI socatA hai ki bhAgya meM yaha roga likhA huA hai to ise kauna miTA sakatA hai? isI prakAra daridratA ko bhI bhAgya kA varadAna samajhakara bhogA jAtA hai| hara kArya meM aisA vyakti bhAgya aura karma kI duhAI detA hai aura kaSTa bhogatA jAtA hai| bhAgya kI bhASA meM socane kI usakI Adata hI bana gaI hai| samasyAoM ko vivekapUrvaka sulajhAne ke bajAya bhAgya bharose chor3a detA hai| jainakarmavijJAna svAvalambI puruSArtha ke anukUla hai kintu jo karma meM likhA hai, vahI hogA, yaha mAnakara akarmaNya evaM puruSArthahIna hokara baiTha jAnA, jaina karmavijJAna ke siddhAnta ke anukUla nahIM hai| jainakarmavijJAna prarUpaka tIrthaMkaroM, jJAnI mahApuruSoM evaM AcAryoM ne bhAgyavAda, IzvarakRpAvAda yA. parAzrayavAda Adi ke bharose na baiThakara svayaM satpuruSArtha - samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra evaM samyaktapa, kSamA Adi dazavidha uttama dharma, mahAvrata evaM saMvara, nirjarA Adi mokSa patha para calane kA puruSArtha karake sarvakarmakSayarUpa mokSa prApta kiyaa| jainakarmavijJAna svAvalambI puruSArtha ko atyadhika mahatva detA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra para sAdhanAkAla meM ghora upasarga (kaSTa) Ane lage, taba indra ne karabaddha hokara prArthanA kI- "bhagavan! Apa para ghora kaSTa Ate haiM, Ane vAle haiM, maiM ApakI sevA meM rahakara ina kaSToM se ApakI rakSA karanA cAhatA hU~, Apa AjJA deN|" isa para prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA- "indra ! yaha na to kabhI huA hai, na hogA ki kisI dUsare ke sahAre se koI sAdhaka apane sAdhya ko prApta kre| jinendra svakIya puruSArtha- bala ke AdhAra para parama (paramAtma) pada ko prApta karate haiN|"" karmanirjarA-siddhAnta puruSArthapreraka hai karmavijJAna-prarUpita karmanirjarA (karma kA aMzataH kSaya) kA siddhAnta bhI vyakti ke sva-satpuruSArtha kA preraka hai| katipaya karma phala dekara AtmA se chUTa jAte haiM, jabaki kaI karma satpuruSArtha dvArA bhI chur3Aye jA sakate haiN| karma kA phala dekara svayaM chUTa jAnA akAmanirjarA hai, jabaki vyakti ke sva-puruSArtha dvArA karmoM kA chur3AyA jAnA sakAma nirjarA hai| sakAma nirjarA uddezyapUrvaka, svecchA se, kisI bhI kAmanA - vAsanA Adi doSoM se rahita hokara bAhya Abhyantara tapa, parISaha - jaya, cAritra - pAlana, samyagdarzana- jJAna kI sAdhanA, kSamAdi dharmoM ke pAlana dvArA Atmazuddhi ke hetu kI jAtI hai| 1. 2. (ka) iMdA na evaM bhUyaM na bhavvaM, na bhavissai, jaM arihaMtA parAsaeNa arahattaM pArvati / - mahAvIracariyaM (kha) svavIryeNaiva gacchanti, jinendrAH paramaM padam // ama vijJAna pravezikA (gopIcaMda dhAr3IvAla) se pra. 11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 163 pharmavAda siddhAnta nirAzAbodhaka nahIM, jIvana-parivartana bodhaka hai saca pUche to-karmavAda-siddhAnta nirAzA kA bodhaka nahIM, apitu sva-jIvanaparivartana kA bodhaka hai| jisa prakAra eka jagaha par3A huA pAnI gaMdA ho jAtA hai, vaha sar3atA rahatA hai, usameM kIr3e kulabulAne lagate haiM, isI prakAra samAja meM, parivAra meM, yA vyaktigata jIvana meM sthiti-sthApakatA, rUr3hivAditA yA vikAsaghAtaka paramparAoM se cipaTe rahanA bhI karmavAda ke rahasya ko nahIM samajhanA hai| karmavAda kA preraNAsUtra yaha hai ki heja, mRtabhoja, dharma ko pratiSThA na dekara dhana ko pratiSThA denA, saMyamazIlatA ko pratiSThA na dekara sattA ko pratiSThA denA, ityAdi kurUr3hiyoM evaM kuprathAoM ke pAlana se samAja meM viSamatA, dveSa, ghRNA, IrSyA, anyAya-anIti evaM pApAcaraNa se dhanavRddhi, bhaya-pralobhana ke AdhAra para sattA-prApti, ThagI, vaMcanA, beImAnI Adi pApakarmoM kA bandha hotA hai| ataH ina kuprathAoM evaM kurUr3hiyoM ko isa DhaMga se badalanA cAhie jisase samAja meM samatA, mAnavatA, satyatA, nirbhayatA, nyAya-nIti Adi bar3he, jisase vyakti ke jIvana meM saMvara-nirjarA pracalita ho, athavA kama se kama puNya (zubha karma) kA bhI saMcaya ho| jisase pApAcaraNa ke badale puNyAcaraNa yA saMyamAcaraNa yA tapazcaraNa kI ora mAnavajAti bddh'e| saccA karmavAdI kurUr3hivAdI nahIM hogaa| pacyA karmavAdI : pratyeka prANI meM zuddha cetanA ke darzana karatA hai vaha pratyeka vyakti meM zuddha AtmA ko dekhatA hai, karma-prabhAvita AtmA ke darzana karane ke badale usameM pratyeka prANI meM zuddha AtmA ke darzana kI cetanA-jJAnacetanA jaga jAtI hai, aisI sthiti meM vaha karmacetanA aura karmaphalacetanA se dUra haTa jAtA hai| yahI karmavAda ke marmata hone kI kasauTI hai| isa kasauTI meM kharA utarane para vyakti kapAya, rAgadveSa, moha, dhAma Adi vikAroM (vibhAvoM) se zIghra hI chuTakArA pA jAtA hai, yA ye atyanta manda ho jAte haiN| phira vaha aneka pApa karmabandhana burAiyoM-sAvadya pravRttiyoM se svayaM ko bacA letA jIva ke sAtha anAdikAla se lagA karmacakra karmavAda ke viSaya meM eka ekAMgI dhAraNA yaha bhI banI huI hai ki jIva anAdikAla se karmoM kI zrRMkhalA meM jakar3A huA hai| purAne kucha karmoM ko bhoga kara vaha naye aneka karmoM ko bAMdha letA hai| yaha silasilA anAdikAla se calA A rahA hai| jisa prakAra rehaTa kI ghar3iyA meM pAnI bharakara AtA hai, khAlI hotA hai aura phira bhara jAtA hai, isI prakAra pratyeka jIva ke sAtha karmoM kI ghaTamAla calatI rahatI hai| purAne karmoM kA bhaNDAra khAlI nahIM hotA, itane meM to naye karmoM kI bhartI hotI jAtI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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164. karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) jaisA ki "paMcAstikAya" meM jIva ke sAtha saMlagna anAdi-ananta yA anAdi-sAnta karmacakra kI paramparA kA nirdeza karate hue kahA gayA hai- "jo jIva saMsAra meM sthita hai, arthAt-janma-maraNa ke cakra meM par3A huA hai, usase usake rAga aura dveSa rUpa pariNAma hote haiN| pariNAmoM se naye karma ba~dhate haiN| karmoM ke kAraNa eka gati se dUsarI aura dUsarI se tIsarI gati meM janma lenA par3atA hai| usa usa gati meM janma lene para zarIra prApta hotA hai, zarIra ke sAtha indriyA~ avazya prApta hotI haiN| indriyoM se jIva viSayoM kA grahaNa karatA hai| viSayoM ke grahaNa ke sAtha hI una para rAga-dveSa rUpa pariNAma hote haiN| isa prakAra saMsAracakra meM par3e hue jIva ke bhAvoM se karma aura karmoM se bhAva hote rahate haiN| jinezvaroM ne isa pravAha ko abhavya jIva kI apekSA anAdi - ananta aura bhavyajIva kI apekSA anAdi- sAnta kahA hai|"" AtmA karmAdhIna yA icchAsvataMtra ? isake kAraNa Ama AdamI kI yaha ekAMgI dhAraNA bana gaI ki karmacakra se kabhI chuTakArA sambhava nahIM hai| yaha Ama dhAraNA bhI bana gaI ki prANI apane pUrvakRta karmoM ko bhogatA jAegA, aura navIna karmoM ko arjita karatA jaaegaa| isa karmaparamparA kA anta AnA atyanta duSkara hogaa| karmacakra kA pravAha bhI isI prakAra Age se Age calatA rhegaa| jaise bIja se vRkSa aura vRkSa kA pariNAma punaH bIja rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai, isI prakAra karma se phala aura phala se punaH karma, yAnI rAga-dveSa, kaSAyAdi ke pariNAmoM se karma aura karma ke pariNAmasvarUpa zarIrAdi se punaH rAgAdi pariNAma, isa prakAra karma aura pariNAma kA cakra calatA rhegaa| ina karmoM ko bhogate-bhogate jIva naye karma aura arjita karatA jAegA, jo kAlAntara meM yA AgAmI janma yA janmoM meM phala dete rheNge| aisI sthiti prANI ke prAcIna karma svataH apanA phala dete raheMge, evaM usakI nizcita karmAdhIna sthiti ke anusAra navIna karma baMdhate raheMge, jo bhaviSya meM samaya para apanA phala pradAna karate hue karmaparamparA ko svacAlita yaMtravat Age se Age bar3hAte rheNge| yadi pratyeka kriyA ko karmamUlaka mAnA jAe to jIva kA apane para yA dUsaroM para koI adhikAra nahIM raha jaataa| usakI samasta kriyAe~ sarvathA karmAdhIna mAnane para ve 1. jo khalu saMsArattho jIvo tatto du hodi pariNAmo / pariNAmAdo kammaM, kammAdo hodi gadisu gadI // 128 // gadimadhigAdassa deho, dehAdo iMdiyANi jAyaMte / hiMdu visayahaNaM, tatto rAgo ya doso vA // 129 // jAyadi jIvasseva bhAvo saMsAra cakkavAlammi | dijiNavarehiM bhaNido aNAdiNidhaNo saNidhaNo vA // 130 // - paMcAstikAya 128, 129, 130 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 165 svayaM-saMcAlita yaMtra kI bhAMti svataH saMcAlita hotI rheNgii| aisI sthiti meM prANI kA pratyeka kArya karmAdhIna mAnanA hogaa| aisA karmavAda eka prakAra kA niyativAda yA anivAryatAvAda bana jaaegaa| phira AtmasvAtaMtrya ko, yA Atmazakti ko, svecchApUrvaka upayoga ko athavA AtmA ke icchA-svAtaMtrya ko jIvana meM koI sthAna nahIM rhegaa|' prANI karma karane meM bhI svataMtra, phala bhogane meM bhI kathaMcit svataMtra kintu jainakarma vijJAna isa tathya se sarvathA inkAra karatA hai| yaha sAmAnya niyama hai ki prANI karma karane yAnI karmabandha karane meM svataMtra hai, kintu usakA phala bhogane meM parataMtra hai| samasta karmavAdiyoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki prANI ko apane kRtakarma kA phala kisI na kisI rUpa meM avazya bhoganA par3atA hai, kintu navIna karma kA upArjana karane meM vaha kisI hada taka svataMtra hai| vaha pUrvakRta karma kA phala bhogane meM parataMtra hai, isakA yaha artha nahIM ki jisa prakAra jisa (kaSAya) rasAnubhAga kI tIvratA yA mandatA se karma bAMdhA hai, use usakA phala usI rUpa meM bhoganA pdd'e| vaha cAhe to pUrvakRta karma kI sajAtIya uttaraprakRtiyoM meM parivartana yA adalabadala bhI kara sakatA hai, cAhe to amuka sImA taka sthiti (pUrvakRta karmoM ke phala bhogane kI kAlasImA) ko alpakAlIna yA dIrghakAlIna kara sakatA hai, rasAnubhAga meM bhI tIvratA yA mandatA kara sakatA hai| vaha cAhe to amuka niyamAnusAra saMcita karma ke udaya meM apane samaya se pUrva hI udIraNA karake usakA phala bhoga kara zIghra hI kSINa kara sakatA hai| AtmA kI Antarika zakti evaM bAhya paristhiti ke anurUpa prANI naye karmoM kA upArjana bhI roka (saMvara kara) sakatA hai| purAne baMdhe hue karmoM ko AtmA apane tapa, tyAga, mahAvrata Adi dvArA zIghra hI kSaya (nirjarA) kara sakatA hai| isakA vizeSa vistRta nirUpaNa hama karmavijJAna ke tRtIya khaNDa meM 'karma kA parataMtrIkAraka rUpa' nAmaka nibandha meM kara cuke haiN| karmavAda AtmazaktiyoM kA svataMtratApUrvaka upayoga karane kA avasara detA hai niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmacakra ke akhaNDa pravAha se yaha nahIM mAnanA cAhie ki pratyeka AtmA ke yaha krama zAzvata hI rhegaa| AtmA ananta zaktimAna hai, anantajJAna-darzana aura Ananda se paripUrNa hai| parantu vartamAna meM usakI anantazakti, ananta jJAnAdi suSupta haiM, koM se AvRta haiN| isalie Aja AtmA nirbala aura karma sabala pratIta hotA hai| magara vAstava meM AtmA ko jJAnAdi catuSTaya kI sAdhanA se urjasvI, varcasvI aura tejasvI 1. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa bhA. 4 (DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA) se pR. 6-7 2. dekheM-karma vijJAna prathama bhAga tRtIya khaNDa meM 'karma kA parataMtrIkAraka svarUpa' pR. 406 se 431 For Personal & Private Use Only

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166 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) banAyA jAya to karma usa para hAvI nahIM ho skte| vaha karma para niyaMtraNa kara sakatA hai; vaha cAhe to AtmA ko karmabandhana se mukta rakha sakatA hai| vaha yaha bhAna kara le kiM rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi AvegoM yA vikAroM se AtmA ko bacAe to avazya hI vaha karmoM ko kramazaH kSaya karatA huA eka dina avazya hI karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho sakatA hai| saMyama aura tapa ye donoM sAdhana use karmabandhana se mukti dilAne meM sahAyaka ho sakate haiN| isalie karmavAda meM Atmazakti ke svataMtratApUrvaka upayoga kA yA sImita icchAsvAtaMtrya kA sthAna avazya hai| " icchA - svAtaMtrya kA artha svecchAcAritA nahIM icchA - svAtaMtrya kA koI yaha artha na kare ki 'jo cAheM so kareM / ' aisI svataMtratA athavA svacchandatA ko karmavAda meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| prANI apanI zakti evaM maryAdA tathA 'bAhya paristhiti kI yA apane balAbala ke vicAra kI upekSA karake koI kArya nahIM kara sktaa| vaha paristhitiyoM kA dAsa nahIM, kintu apanI Atmazakti ko prakaTa kare to svAmI bhI bana sakatA hai| karma kitanA hI zaktizAlI ho, anta meM AtmA hI vijayI hotA hai vastutaH karma kitanA hI zaktizAlI kyoM na ho, vaha sArvabhauma zakti sampanna nahIM hai| logoM meM yaha bhrAnti hai ki karma sarvazaktisampanna hai, saba kucha karma se hI hotA hai, yA ho sakatA hai| parantu yaha mUr3hatApUrNa bhrAnti hai / yadi saba kucha karma se hI hotA to manuSya saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA kyoM karatA ? usakA mokSa kadApi na hotaa| karmavAda yaha spaSTa siddhAnta pratidhvanita karatA hai ki eka ora karma kI senA hai - Amrava aura bandha kI baTAliyana to dUsarI ora dharma kI senA hai-saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa kI baTAliyana / ina donoM kA saMgharSa, yuddha aura pratidvandvitA hai| isameM tumheM AtmA ko jitAnA hai, usakA gaurava bar3hAnA hai to saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSarUpa dharma ko vijayI bnaao| karma AtmA para ekAdhikAra nahIM jamA sakatA karmavijJAna isI tathya kI preraNA karatA hai ki yaha nizcita samajha lo ki karma kI sArvabhauma sattA nahIM hai| karma ke pAsa bhautika zakti hai to AtmA ke pAsa ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, anantacAritra, asIma Ananda, asIma balavIrya kI AdhyAtmika zaktiyA~ haiN| agara soyA huA AtmakesarI jAga jAe aura apanI zaktiyoM ko bhalIbhA~ti jAnakara parAkrama kare to karma usake Age eka kSaNa bhI Tika nahIM skte| kitanA hI pragAr3ha ghanA 9. 2. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga 4 ( DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA) se vahI, bhA. 4 se For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 167 andhakAra ho, prakAza kI eka kiraNa par3ate hI vaha samApta ho jAtA hai| jaba AtmA apane caitanyasvabhAva ko ubuddha kara letA hai, taba karma kI sattA DagamagA jAtI hai| caitanya kI jAgRti nahIM hotI, tabhI taka karma Tika pAtA hai| caitanya kA jAgaraNa hote hI karma kA ekachatra-sA zAsana samApta ho jAtA hai| isalie karma AtmA para ekAdhikAra nahIM jamA sktaa| jJAnAdi catuSTaya rUpa mokSamArga kI sAdhanA se karmoM ke saMcita vizAla puMja ko tor3a sakatA hai jJAna-darzana-cAritra-tapa kI zuddha sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka cAhe gRhastha ho yA sAdhu, karmavijJAna ke ina gUr3hatama rahasyoM ko jAne aura usase milane vAle AdhyAtmika bodha ke prakAza ko grahaNa kare aura apanI AdhyAtmika cetanA pUrNatayA jAgRta kare to karor3oM janmoM ke saMcita karmoM ko tapa, saMyama ke dvArA bahuta zIghra hI kSaya kara DAlatA hai|' aura AtmA ko parizuddha paramAtmA banA letA hai| vyakti kI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA sazakta ho to karmoM kA cAhe jitanA vizAla puMja ho, TUTane laga jAtA hai| apane Antarika vaibhava ko jAno, dekho vartamAna yuga kA mAnava bAhara ke vaibhava ko dekhatA hai, isalie bAhara kI zarIrAdi saba karmopAdhika vastue~ mahattvapUrNa dikhatI haiM, agara vaha apane andara jhAMke to use apane asIma jJAnAdi AdhyAtmika vaibhava kA patA lge| para Aja vaha isI kahAvata ko caritArtha kara rahA hai kastUrI mRga nAbhi basata hai, vana vana phirata udaasii| Aja vaha bAhara meM Ananda, zAnti, zakti, jJAna Adi ko DhUMr3hatA hai| karmavijJAna karma kI zakti-azakti kI sImA kA spaSTa nirdezaka jaina karmavijJAna karma kI zakti-azakti kI sImA bhI batAtA hai| caudaha guNasthAnakrama ke dvArA vaha karma kI prabala zakti se lekara zaktikSINatA taka kI sImA batAtA hai| ataH yaha nizcita samajha lo ki karma Ate haiM, baMdhate haiM, para kaba, kisako, kaba taka? isakI carcA bhI karmavijJAna meM hai| karma cAhe kitanA hI prabala ho, apanI sImA meM hI phala detA hai, usa para bhI pratibandha haiN| muktabhAva se vaha bhI phala nahIM detaa| pratyeka karma kA vipAka (phala bhoga) dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI sImA meM hotA hai| karma kA udaya vidyamAna hote hue 1. bhavakoDi saMciyaM kammaM tavasA nijjrijji|" -uttarAdhyayana 30/6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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168 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) bhI vaha vipAka detA hai-dravya(karmabandhakartApAtra), kSetra, kAla, bhAva, bhava (janma) ityAdi paristhitiyoM ke anuruup|' baddha karmoM kI bandha se lekara mokSa taka kI gyAraha avasthAe~ karmavijJAna kI prarUpaNA hai ki yadi vyakti jAgRta aura apramatta ho to karma kI kAlamaryAdA evaM phaladAnazakti kI sImA ko samajhakara eka jhaTake meM kaI-kaI janmoM ke karmoM to tor3a detA hai| isI tathya ko anAvRta karane ke lie jaina-karmavijJAna ne bandha se lekara mokSa (sarvakarmakSaya) taka kI dasa yA gyAraha avasthAeM batAI haiM, jinheM karaNa bhI kahA gayA hai, unheM samajhanA bahuta Avazyaka hai| ve ye haiM-(1) bandhana yA bandha, (2) sattA, (3) udvartana-utkarSa, (4) apavartana-apakarSa, (5) saMkramaNa, (6) udaya, (7) udIraNA, (8) upazamana, (9) nidhatti yA nidhattakaraNa, (10) nikAcita yA nikAcana, aura (11) abAdhAkAla yA abAdhA (1) bandhana-bandha-AtmA ke sAtha karma-paramANuoM kA sambaddha honA, arthAt nIra-kSIra-vat ekarUpa ho jAnA bandhana yA baMdha hai| yaha cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) prakRti bandha, (2) sthiti bandha, (3) anubhAga (rasa) bandha aura (4) prdeshbndh| jainakarmavAda kA bandha se bacane kA zubha sandeza jainakarma-vijJAna ne bandha-karaNa kA sarvaprathama ullekha karake usake sAtha hI bandha ke kAraNa, baMdha ke prakAra, bandhakartA, tathA bandha-mArgaNA dvArA bandha ke nAnAvidha pahaluoM para vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| isase karmavijJAna ne yaha bhI dhvanita kara diyA hai ki bandha ke samaya, bandha ke kAraNoM tathA usase sambandhita tamAma viSayoM para vicAra karake sAvadhAna rhe| vaha mana-vacana-kAyA kI pratyeka pravRtti yA kriyA ke samaya sirpha usakA jJAtA-draSTA banakara rahe, usake prati na prIti ho, na aprIti, na rAga ho, na dvess| arthAtamana, vacana, kAyA, indriya, buddhi, citta Adi dvArA koI vyakti, vastu, viSaya, ghaTanA, paristhiti Adi manojJa yA anukUla ho to usake prati rAgarUpa aura pratikUla yA.amanojJa ho to dveSa rUpa pravRtti karane se bandha hotA hai| ___ jainakarmavijJAna kA siddhAnta hai ki jaisI aura jitanI mAtrA meM rAga-dveSamaya pravRtti hotI hai, vaise hI karma baMdhate haiN| tathA rAga-dveSa kI jitanI nyUnatA-adhikatA hotI hai, 1. karmavAda pR. 128 2. (ka) gommaTasAra gA. 438-40 (kha) jainadharmadarzana pR. 485 - 3. inakA vistRta vivecana bandha khaNDa meM dekheN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 169 utanI hI ukta bandha ke Tikane kI prabalatA-nirbalatA evaM usake phala kI nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai| ataH vyakti ko cAhie ki rAga-dveSa na kare yA kama se kama kare, tAki karmabandha kama se kama ho| jo Atmaupamya dRSTi vAlA samadRSTi samabhAvI yA yatanAzIla rahatA hai, vaha pApakarma kA bandha nahIM krtaa| ataH vyakti ko karmabandha se bacane hetu rAga-dveSa se dUra rahanA caahie| yahI karmavAda kA sandeza hai|' (2) sattA-yaha karma kI dUsarI avasthA hai| sattA kA sAmAnya artha hotA hai-astitv| yahA~ yaha pAribhASika zabda hai| baddha karma apanA phala pradAna karake jaba taka AtmA se pRthak nahIM ho jAte, arthAt-kSaya (nirjarA) hone taka AtmA se hI sambaddha rahate haiM, isI avasthA kA nAma sattA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM baMdha hone aura phalodaya hone ke bIca karma AtmA meM vidyamAna rahate haiM, vahI sattA hai| arthAt-phalaprApti se pahale kI avasthA sattA-avasthA hai| 'paMcasaMgraha' meM isakA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai-"pUrvasaMcita karma kA AtmA meM avasthita rahanA sattA hai| isa avasthA meM karmoM kA astitva AtmA meM rahatA hai, para ve phala pradAna nahIM krte| ise digambara paramparA meM satva bhI kahate haiN| pratyeka karma apane sattAkAla ke samApta hone para hI phala de pAtA hai| jaba taka karma kI kAlamaryAdA paripakva nahIM hotI, taba taka usa karma kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha banA rahatA hai, usa avasthA kA nAma hI sattA (3) udaya-karmoM ke svaphala dene kI avasthA kA nAma udaya hai| yadi udaya meM Ane vAle karma-pudagala apanA phala dekara nirjIrNa ho jAe~ to vaha phalodaya kahalAtA hai, aura phala diye binA hI karma naSTa ho jAe to pradezodaya kahalAtA hai| sattA meM sthita ina prasupta saMskAroM kA jAgRta yA phalonmukha honA 'udaya' kahalAtA hai| vastutaH jaba karma apanA phala denA prArambha karate haiM, usa avasthA ko udaya kahate haiN| vAstava meM, kisI eka kArya dvArA kisI eka samaya meM bandha ko prApta saMskAra uttarakSaNa meM udita hokara athavA apanA phala dekara samApta ho jAe, aisA prAyaH nahIM hotaa| jitanI sthiti lekara vaha karma baMdhA hai, arthAt-jitane kAla taka sthita rahane kI zakti ko lekara vaha utpanna huA hai, utane kAla taka vyakti ko barAbara usakA phala prApta hotA rahatA hai| utane kAla taka use usakI preraNAe~ barAbara prApta hotI rahatI haiM, anicchA se bhI utane kAla taka vyakti ko usakA anusaraNa karanA par3atA hai| isa prakAra 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgya nirmANa kI prakriyA' se pR. 78 2. paMcasaMgraha (prAkRta) 3/3 For Personal & Private Use Only

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170 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) pUrvabaddha karma-saMskAra kI yaha jAgRti usakA udaya honA kahalAtA hai, kArya ke prati prerita karanA usakI phalAbhimukhatA hai aura usakI preraNA se amuka kArya karanA usakA phala hai| pradezodaya aura vipAkodaya kA rahasya jainakarmavijJAna kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki jitane bhI karma baMdhe haiM, ve apanA phala (vipAka) pradAna karate haiN| kintu katipaya karma aise bhI hote haiM, jo phala dete hue bhI bhoktA ko phala kI anubhUti nahIM karAte, aura nirjIrNa ho jAte haiN| jo karma phala kI anubhUti karAye binA hI nirjIrNa ho jAtA hai, usakA udaya pradezodaya kahalAtA hai| kaSAya ke abhAva meM IryApathika kriyA ke kAraNa jo baMdha hotA hai, usakA sirpha pradezodaya hotA hai| jaise-oNparezana karate samaya rogI ko klorophArma yA gaisa suMghAkara acetAvasthA meM jo zastrakriyA kI jAtI hai, usameM vedanA kI anubhUti nahIM hotI, vaise hI pradezodaya meM phala kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| isake atirikta jo karmaparamANu apanI phalAnubhUti karavA kara AtmA se nirjIrNa ho jAte haiM, unakA udaya vipAkodaya kahalAtA hai| pradezodaya kAla meM vipAkodaya kA honA anivArya nahIM hai,' kintu vipAkodaya kI avasthA meM pradezodaya avazya hotA hai| Anava, bandha, sattA aura udaya meM ghaniSTha sambandha mana-vacana-kAya dvArA naye zubhAzubha karma karanA, athavA usa karma (kArya) dvArA karmaNa zarIra para Adya saMskAra aMkita ho jAnA Anava hai| rAgadveSAdivaza karma-saMskAroM kA AtmapradezoM ke sAtha ekarUpa ho jAnA hI usakA bandha hai| isa janma ke yA pichale janma yA janmoM ke ananta karmasaMskAroM kA kArmaNa zarIra ke yA upacetanA ke koza meM prasupta evaM kucha kare -dhare binA par3e rahanA usakI sattA (satva) hai| sattA meM sthita ina prasupta karmasaMskAroM kA yathAsamaya yathAnimitta jAgRta athavA phalonmukha hokara jIva ko nayA kArya (karma) karane ke lie prerita-protsAhita karate rahanA usakA udaya kahalAtA hai| ve vAstava meM, bandha ko prApta karmasaMskAra jaba taka prasupta rahate haiM, taba taka sattAsthita kahalAte haiM aura jaba ve hI sattAsthita karma - saMskAra jAgRta hokara preraka bana 9. (ka) dharma aura darzana ( upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 97 (kha) karma rahasya ( jinendra varNI) (ga) jaina karma siddhAnta : tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ) pR. 26 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 171 jAte haiM, taba udayagata kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra bandha, udaya aura sattA, ina tInoM kArmika avasthAoM kA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai / ' udIraNA : udaya meM Ane se pUrva hI karmaphala bhoga kA upAya (4) udIraNA - pUrvabaddha karma kA niyata kAla meM phala denA 'udaya' hai, jabaki niyatakAla se pUrva hI karma kA udaya meM AnA aura phala de denA udIraNA kahalAtI hai| arthAt-karma kI udayAvasthA aura udIraNAvasthA meM antara yaha hai ki pahalI meM paripAka ko prApta karma svayaM apanA phala de dete haiM, jabaki dUsarI meM apAka (apakca) karmoM ko samaya se pUrva hI kisI prayatna-vizeSa se yA anuSThAna Adi kisI nimitta se pakAkara phala prApta kiyA jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jisa prakAra pakane ke samaya se pUrva hI kRtrima rUpa se phaloM ko pakAyA jA sakatA hai, usI prakAra udIraNA meM apakva kA prayatna - vizeSa yA sAdhanAvizeSa se pAcana kiyA (pakAyA jA sakatA hai| jina pUrva-saMcita karmoM kA abhI taka udaya nahIM huA hai, unako balapUrvaka niyata samaya se pUrva udaya meM lAkara phala bhoga lenA yA bhogane ke lie pakA kara phala dene ke yogya kara denA udIraNAvasthA hai| udgIraNA kA sAmAnyaM niyama yaha hai ki jisa karma-prakRti kA udaya yA bhoga cala rahA ho, usI kI sajAtIya karmaprakRti kI udIraNA ho sakatI hai| jaina karmavijJAna kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha karma kA phala bhoga ekAntataH niyatakAla meM hI ho, isameM vizvAsa nahIM karatA, sAdhanA dvArA AtmA kI zakti kA vIryollAsa pragaTa ho to vipAka ke niyatakAla se pUrva bhI usakA phala bhogA jA sakatA hai|' udvartana dvArA pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM vRddhi (5) udvartana=utkarSaNa- sAmAnya niyama yaha hai ki baddha karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga-rasa kA nizcaya karma-baMdha ke samaya vidyamAna kaSAya kI tIvratA - mandatA ke anusAra hotA hai / kintu jaina karmavijJAna batAtA hai - ekAntarUpa se yaha niyama nahIM hai| koI sattvazAlI AtmA navIna bandha karate samaya pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) aura anubhAga (kASAyika rasa kI tIvratA ) meM vRddhi bhI kara sakatA hai| isa vidhAna ke anusAra pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti vizeSa aura anubhAga ( bhAvavizeSa) kA bAda meM kisI adhyavasAya-vizeSa ke dvArA bar3ha jAnA utkarSaNa yA udvartanA hai| 1. karmarahasya ( ba. jinendra varNI) se pR. 172 / 24 2. (ka) dhavalA pu. 6 khaM. 1 bhA. 9-8 sU. 4. (kha) jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina ) pR. 196 For Personal & Private Use Only

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172 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) ___ spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to, jisa kriyA yA pravRtti-vizeSa se pahale baMdhe hue karma kI sthiti aura rasa meM vRddhi ho jAe, use udvartanAkaraNa kahate haiN| pUrvabaddha karmaprakRti ke anurUpa pahale se adhikAdhika pravRtti karane tathA usameM adhikAdhika rasa lene se hI aisA hotA hai| jaise-koI vyakti kheta meM uge hue kisI paudhe ko pahale paryApta khAda pAnI nahIM detA thA, kintu bAda meM usakA dhyAna usakI ora gayA, usane usa paudhe ko anukUla khAda va pracura pAnI diyA, jisase paudhe kI Ayu evaM phaladAna zakti bar3ha gii| isI prakAra koI vyakti pahale manda kaSAya ke kAraNa baMdhI huI sthiti aura anubhAga ko aba usase adhika tIvra kaSAya-vaza bAra-bAra usI karma ko karatA hai, vaha apane tIvra kaSAya aura adhikAdhika pravRtti ke kAraNa usa karma kA utkarSaNa-udavartana karatA hai, phalataH usa karma kI sthiti aura anubhAga (phaladAnazakti) bar3ha jAtI hai|' __ utkarSaNa kI avasthA batAkara karmavijJAna sUcita karatA hai ki viSaya sukha Adi meM rAga kI tathA duHkha Adi meM dveSa kI vRddhi hone se tatsambandhI karma prakRti kI sthiti aura (kaSAya) rasa meM adhika vRddhi ho jAtI hai| ataH kaSAyoM kI vRddhi karake pApakarmoM kI sthiti evaM rasa (anubhAga) ko adhika na bar3hAo, na hI puNya-karma ko ghttaao| apavartanA se pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM nyUnIkaraNa' (6) apakarSaNa-apavartanA-karmoM kI yaha avasthA utkarSaNa yA udvartanA se viparIta hai| pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) evaM anubhAga (rasa) ko kAlAntara meM navIna karmabandha karate samaya kama kara denA, apakarSaNa yA apavartanAkaraNa hai| gommaTasAra meM isakA lakSaNa yoM diyA gayA hai-pUrva saMcita karmoM kI sthiti evaM anubhAga ko samyagdarzana Adi se kSINa karanA apakarSaNa hai| jaise-kisI vyakti ne pahale kisI azubha karma kA bandha kara liyA, kintu bAda meM pazcAttApa, prAyazcitta, AlocanAgarhaNA, kSamApanA Adi se zubha kArya meM pravRtta ho gyaa| usakA prabhAva pUrvabaddha karmoM para pdd'aa| phalataH usa pUrvabaddha karma kI lambI kAlamaryAdA (sthiti) aura vipAka (phaladAna) zakti meM nyUnatA ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra pahale zreSTha kArya karake bAda meM nimna nikRSTa kArya karane se pUrvabaddha puNyakarma kI sthiti evaM anubhAga meM mandatA A jAtI hai| jainakarmavijJAnasammata udvartana aura apavartana ke sambandha meM prastuta vicAradhArA spaSTatayA udghoSita karatI hai ki pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti aura anubhAga ekAntataH 1. (ka) dharma aura darzana (upAcArya devendramuni) (kha) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka pR. 80 2. vahI, pR. 80 3. jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 4 pR. 24 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 173 niyata nahIM hai| unameM adhyavasAyoM-bhAvoM yA pariNAmoM kI dhArA kI prabalatA se parivartana bhI ho sakatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, kisI pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti evaM phala kI tIvratA-mandatA meM kisI prakAra kA parivartana nahIM ho sakatA, aisI bAta ekAntataH nahIM hai| apane puruSArtha-vizeSa se, adhyavasAya - vizeSa kI zuddhatA - azuddhatA se unameM samaya-samaya para parivartana bhI ho sakatA hai| isI prakAra mana-vacana-kAya kI zubha pravRtti rUpa zubha kArya karane se bAMdhe gae karmoM kI sthiti anubhAga Adi meM bAda meM azubha kArya karane se parivartana bhI ho sakatA hai|' isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jaina karmavAda nirAzAvAda, sthiti-sthApakatAvAda yA palAyanavAda nahIM hai, apitu AzA aura AzvAsana kA udghoSaka, puruSArthavAda evaM parivartanavAda kA preraka evaM prabodhaka hai| karmavAda kI spaSTa preraNA hai ki jisa prakAra jvara kA atyadhika tApa barpha rakhane se ghaTa jAtA hai| pitta prakopa nIbU kA rasa pIne se zAnta ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra kiye gae duSkarmoM ke prati tIvra pazcAttApa ( nindanA), AlocanA, nindanA, prAyazcitta, garhaNA, saMvara- nirjarA ke kArya karane se una karmoM kI sthiti aura phaladAnazakti aura sthiti bar3ha-ghaTa jAtI hai| arthAt pUrvavaddha karma-phala anya rUpa meM, usase nyUnAdhika kAla meM, tathA usase tIvra yA manda rUpa meM niyata samaya se pUrva bhI bhogA jA sakatA hai| isa sambandha meM bhagavatIsUtra meM eka praznottara hai - gautama ne bhagavAn se pUchA- bhaMte! kyA anyayUthikoM kA yaha abhimata satya hai ki sabhI jIva evaMbhUta vedanA (jisa prakAra karma bAMdhA hai, usI prakAra) bhogate haiM ? bhagavAn ne kahA- "gautama! anyayUthikoM kA prastuta ekAnta kathana mithyA hai| merA yaha abhimata hai ki kitane hI jIva evaMbhUta vedanA bhogate haiM aura kitane hI jIva anevaMbhUta-vedanA bhI bhogate haiN| " gautama! "bhagavan! yaha kaise ?" bhagavAn -"gautama! jo jIva svakRta karmoM ke anusAra hI vedanA bhogate haiM, ve evambhUta vedanA bhogate haiM aura jo jIva svakRta karmoM se anyathA vedanA bhogate haiM, ve anevambhUta vedanA bhogate haiN|''2 utkarSaNa evaM apakarSaNa dvArA jitane karmoM kI sthiti meM antara par3atA hai, unhIM ke udayakAla meM antara par3atA hai, unake atirikta anya jo karma sattA meM par3e haiM, unameM kucha bhI antara nahIM par3atA / yaha antara bhI koI choTA-moTA nahIM hai, eka kSaNa meM karor3oM-araboM 1. vahI pR. 29, 2. bhagavatI 1/3/35 For Personal & Private Use Only

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174 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) varSoM kI sthiti kI ghaTA-bar3hI kA hotA hai| sthiti ke utkarSaNa - apakarSaNa ke samAna anubhAga kA bhI hotA hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki sthiti ke utkarSaNa- apakarSaNa dvArA karmoM ke udayakAla meM antara par3atA hai, jabaki anubhAga ke utkarSaNa-apakarSaNa dvArA unakI phaladAna zakti meM antara par3atA hai| saMkramaNa : karmoM kI sthiti Adi meM parivartana kA sUcaka (7) saMkramaNa-eka prakAra ke karma- pudgaloM kI sthiti Adi kA dUsare prakAra ke karma-pudgaloM kI sthiti Adi meM parivartana yA pariNamana honA 'saMkramaNa' kahalAtA hai| . saMkramaNa kisI eka karma kI mUla prakRti kA usI kI uttara- prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai, vibhinna mUla prakRtiyoM meM nhiiN| isa prakAra ke parivartana ke lie kucha nizcita maryAdAe~ haiM, jinakA ullekha pUrvanibandha meM hama kara cuke haiN| yaha dhyAna rahe ki utkarSaNa aura apakarSaNa dvArA karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM antara par3a jAnA, tathA saMkramaNa ke dvArA karmoM kI jAti meM parivartana ho jAnA, ye tInoM kArya sattA meM sthita unhIM karmoM meM hone sambhava haiM, jo udaya kI pratIkSA meM prasupta par3e hue haiN| udaya kI sImA meM praviSTa ho jAne para unameM kisI bhI prakAra kA parivartana honA sambhava nahIM hai / phira to jaisA jo kucha bhI karma udaya kI sImA meM praveza pA cukA hai, usakA niyata phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nhiiN| yaha cetAvanI bhI karmavijJAna pratyeka mumukSu sAdhaka ko detA hai / ' upazamana : karmoM ke phala dene kI zakti ko amuka kAla taka dabA denA hai (8) upazamana - karmoM ke vidyamAna rahate hue bhI udaya meM Ane ke lie unheM akSama banA denA upazamana hai| arthAt karma kI vaha avasthA, jisameM udaya athavA udIraNA sambhava nahIM; kintu udvartana (utkarSaNa), apavartana (apakarSaNa) aura saMkramaNa sambhava ho, vaha upazamana kahalAtA hai| jaise - aMgAre ko rAkha se isa prakAra AcchAdita kara diyA jAtA hai, jisase vaha apanA kArya-vizeSa (jalAne kA kArya) nahIM kara pAtA, usI prakAra upazamana kriyA se karma ko isa prakAra dabA denA, jisase vaha apanA phala na de ske| kintu jaise AvaraNa haTate hI aMgAre jalAne lagate haiM, vaise hI upazamabhAva ke dUra hote hI udaya meM Akara karma 1. (ka) saMkramaNa, udvartana aura apavartana ke viSaya meM vistRta vivecana dekheM isI khaNDa ke pUrva nibandha meM / (kha) dharma aura darzana ( upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 97 (ga) karmarahasya (jinendravarNI) pR. 173-174 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 175 apanA phala denA prArambha kara detA hai| upazamana se karma kI sattA samApta nahIM hotI, sirpha use kAlavizeSa taka ke lie phala dene meM asamartha banA diyA jAtA hai| yadyapi karma kI upazamAvasthA meM alpakAlAvadhi meM karma-saMskAroM kA prabhAva haTa jAne se jIva svayaM ko samayukta yA zamayukta mahasUsa karatA hai, isa avadhi ke pUrNa hone para usakA citta punaH pUrvavat cintAgrasta evaM kSubdha ho uThatA hai| kintu upazamakAlika kSaNika samatA yA zamatA ke rasa-pAna kI madhura smRti amiTa hokara raha jAtI hii|" nidhattaH udIraNA aura saMkramaNa se rahita, kevala sthiti aura rasa kI nyUnAdhika kA sUcaka (9) nidhatti yA nidhatta-karma kI vaha avasthA nidhatti yA nidhatta kahalAtI hai; jisameM udIraNA aura saMkramaNa nahIM ho sakatA, kintu udvartana aura apavartana ho sakatA hai| arthAt-nidhatta-avasthA meM karma na apane avAntara bhedoM meM rUpAntarita ho sakate haiM aura na hI apanA phala pradAna kara sakate haiN| lekina isameM baddha karmoM kI kAla maryAdA aura rasa ( vipAka ) kI tIvratA ko nyUnAdhika kiyA jA sakatA hai| prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza rUpa meM nidhatta cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| nikAcana dazA : jisa rUpa meM karma baMdhA hai, usI rUpa meM bhogane kI anivAryatA (10) nikAcita yA nikAcana - baddha karma kI vaha avasthA, jisameM udvartanA, apavartanA, saMkramaNa aura udIraNA, ye cAroM avasthAe~ sambhava na hoM, vaha nikAcanAvasthA hai| nikAcanAvasthA meM karmoM kA bandha itanA pragAr3ha hotA hai ki unakI kAlamaryAdA aura tIvratA (mAtrA) meM koI bhI parivartana yA samaya se pUrva unakA phala bhoga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa avasthA meM karma jisa rUpa meM bandhA huA hotA hai, usI rUpa meM use anivAryataH bhoganA par3atA hai| prAyaH usI rUpa meM bhoge binA usakI nirjarA nahIM hotI / karma kI isa avasthA kA nAma niyati hai| isameM icchAsvAtaMtrya kA sarvathA abhAva rahatA hai| baddha karma kI 'yaha nikAcita avasthA cAra prakAra kI hai, prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradezarUpa meN| 2 abAdhAkAla : karmoM kA phala diye binA amuka avadhi taka par3e rahane kI dazA (11) abAdhAkAla yA abAdha - karma baMdhane ke pazcAt amuka samaya taka kisI prakAra kA phala na dene kI avasthA kA nAma usakA abAdhAkAla yA abAdha avasthA hai| 1. (ka) dharma aura darzana ( upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 97-98 (kha) karmarahasya (jinendravarNI) pR. 175 2. (ka) dharma aura darzana ( upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 98 (kha) jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa bhA. 4 pR. 25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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176 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) abAdhAkAla ko jAnane kA upAya yaha hai ki jisa karma kI sthiti jitane sAgaropama kI hai, usakA abAdhAkAla utane hI sau varSa kA hotA hai| jaise-jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI sthiti tIsa koTAkoTI sAgaropama kI hai to usakA abAdhAkAla tIsa sau (tIna hajAra) varSa kA huaa| jaina karma vijJAnokta dasa avasthAoM kI anya paramparAoM se tulanA jainakarmavijJAna se sambandhita sAhitya meM karmoM kI prakRtiyoM, inakI sthitiyoM, (kAla-maryAdAoM), inakI kASAyika tIvratA-mandatA kI avasthAoM tathA inake pradezoM kA, tathA inameM jAtigata, sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) gata, anubhAgagata aura pradezagata parivartanoM-nyUnAdhikatAoM kI avasthAoM evaM prakriyAoM para jitanA vizada rUpa se prakAza DAlA gayA hai, utanA anya paramparAoM ke dArzanika sAhitya meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| anya paramparA meM 'udaya' ke lie 'prArabdha' zabda, sattA ke lie saMcita aura bandha (yA bandhana) ke lie AgAmI yA kriyamANa zabda prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| yogadarzana meM niyatavipAkI, aniyatavipAkI aura AvApagamana ke rUpa meM karma kI trividha dazA kA ullekha milatA hai| niyata samaya para apanA phala dekara naSTa ho jAne vAle niyatavipAkI karma kI tulanA karma kI nikAcita avasthA se, tathA phala diye binA hI AtmA se pRthaka ho jAne vAle (aniyatavipAkI) karma kI pradezodaya se, evaM eka karma ke dUsare meM mila jAne vAle 'AvApagamana karma' kI tulanA karma kI saMkramaNa avasthA se kI jA sakatI hai| ___ bauddha paramparA meM karma kI vibhinna avasthAoM se sambandhita mukhya 7 karma mAne gae haiM-(1) janaka, (2) upasthambhaka, (3) upapIlaka, (4) upaghAtaka, (5) sAtikramaNa, (6) aniyata (vedanIya) karma evaM (7) niyata (vedanIya) krm| aniyata vedanIya karma ke do bheda haiM-niyatavipAka aura aniytvipaak| niyatavipAka kI tulanA nikAcita karma se kI jA sakatI hai| jinakA vipAka kAla aniyata ho, kintu vipAka niyata ho, unheM niyatavipAka kahate haiN| kintu jo karma apanA phala degA hI, yaha niyata nahIM hai, vaha aniyatavipAka hai| niyata vedanIya karma ke tIna bheda haiM--dRSTadharma-vedanIya, upapadyavedanIya (Anantaryakarma) aura aprpryaayvedniiy| sAtikramaNa ko hI jaina karmavijJAna saMkramaNa kahatA hai| yaha vipacyamAna karmoM kA hI ho sakatA hai, kintu phalabhoga anivArya hai| 1. (ka) dharma aura darzana (upAcArya devendra muni) pR. 98 (kha) bhagavatI 2/3 . 2. dharma aura darzana (upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 99 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda : nirAzAvAda yA puruSArthayukta AzAvAda ? 177 dUsarA janma grahaNa karane taka jo karma rahate haiM, ve janaka karma sattAvasthita karma ke talya haiM, dUsare karma kA phala dene meM sahAyaka upasthambhaka karma kI tulanA utkarSaNa se, dUsare karmoM kI zakti ko kSINa karane meM sahAyaka upapIlaka karma kI tulanA apakarSaNa se kI jA sakatI hai| dUsare karma kA vipAka roka kara apanA phala dene vAle upaghAtaka karma kI tulanA 'upazamana' se kI jA sakatI hai|' isake atirikta vibhinna pahaluoM se karma vijJAna sambandhI vistRta carcA karmagrantha, SaTkhaNDAgama (mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta), labdhisAra, paMcasaMgraha (saMskRta, prAkRta), karmaprakRti, gommaTasAra, mahAbaMdho, kasAyapAhuDa, dhavalA, baMdha vihANe Adi vibhinna granthoM tathA AgamoM meM yatra tatra kI gaI hai|2 / isa para se niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina karmavAda AtmavAda, paramAtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda tathA satpuruSArtha- vAda Adi karma se sambaddha sabhI pahaluoM para prakAza DAlane vAlA AzAvAdI siddhAnta hai| vaha anya zaktiyoM se varadAna mAMga kara apane Apako paramukhApekSI evaM svapuruSArthavighAta karane vAlI vidyA nahIM hai| vaha apane meM soyI huI anantajJAnAdi catuSTaya sampadA ko sva-puruSArtha dvArA abhivyakta karane kI kalA sikhAne vAlA maMgalamaya siddhAnta hai| 1. (ka) bauddha darzana (narendradeva) pR. 250, 267, 275 (kha) abhidharmakoza bhASya pR.120, 4.50 (ga) jaina karma siddhAnta : tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) pR. 27 2. karma kI pUrvokta 10 yA 11 avasthAoM ke vistRta varNana ke jijJAsu pAThaka karmagranya, paMcasaMgraha ... (prAkRta) gommaTasAra Adi grantha dekheN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati? karmavAda bhAratIya jana-jIvana meM ghulA-milA ___ karmavAda bhAratIya janatA kA paricAyaka zabda hai| kisI bhI bhAratIya se pUcha kara dekha leM; usakI nijI hAlata, usake parivAra kI vyavasthA aura dazA; vaha tapAka se yaha kahatA huA milegA ki maiMne koI aisA hI karma kiyA thA, jisase mujhe yaha bImArI huI, athavA nirdhanatA aura abhAvapIr3A prApta huii| athavA yaha kahatA huA milegA-"mere kisI pApa karma ke kAraNa hI mujhe aisA nikRSTa parivAra milaa|" ___ agara kisI kArya meM saphalatA milatI hai to vaha usake lie bhI karma kI duhAI detA huA kahegA-mere kisI pUrvajanma ke puNya karma se mujhe isa kArya meM saphalatA milii| asaphala hone vAlA vyakti bhI apanI asaphalatA kA kAraNa duSkarma ko yA durbhAgya ko hI btaaegaa| kahanA hogA ki bhAratIya jana-jIvana meM karmavAda zvAsocchvAsa kI taraha ghula-mila gayA hai / bhArata ke sabhI Astika darzanoM ne karmavAda para kucha na kucha prakAza DAlA hai| karma kI acchAiyoM aura burAiyoM para athavA karma kI ajeya zakti aura karma-vihInatA para paryApta cintana bhI diyA hai| kintu karmavAda ke sabhI pahaluoM aura isake sabhI aMgopAMgoM para jitanI gahanatA se jaina-darzana ne prakAza DAlA hai, utanA kisI anya darzana ne nahIM ddaalaa| karmavAda : AtmavAda rUpI mUla para sthita trilokavyApI vRkSa jaina-darzana ke karmavAda kI mukhya AdhArazilA AtmavAda hai| AtmA ko chor3akara vaha Tika nahIM sakatA; kyoMki karma apane Apa se (karma se) sambaddha (saMlagna) nahIM hotA, vaha sambaddha hotA hai-AtmA se| isalie AtmavAda kI jar3a para karmavAdarUpI vizAla vRkSa TikA huA hai| AtmA kevala eka hI nahIM, sAre vizva kI; nahIM nahIM-samagra loka kItInoM hI loka kI samasta AtmAe~ karma se sambaddha hotI haiN| isameM Urdhvaloka kI, For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 179 adholoka kI evaM madhyaloka kI samasta AtmAe~ A jAtI haiN| ye samagra dehadhArI AtmAe~ karma se sambaddha haiN| Urdhvaloka meM cAroM hI jAti ke devoM kI, adholoka meM nArakoM kI, madhyaloka meM manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM kI samasta AtmAe~ karma se lipta haiN| yahA~ taka ki jIvanmukta sayogI kevalI, tIrthaMkara Adi kI AtmAe~ bhI cAra aghAtI karmoM se yukta haiN| isalie karmavAda rUpI vRkSa kI zAkhAe~ tInoM loka meM haiM, jinameM devagati, manuSyagati, tiryaJcagati aura narakagati ke sabhI jIvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai kyoMki ye sabhI karmAvRta haiN| karmavAda kA AtmavAda, lokavAda evaM kriyAvAda ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha karmoM ke Asrava (Agamana) kI mUla srota mAnasika, kAyika evaM vAcika kriyAe~ haiN| kriyAoM ke dvAra se karmoM kA Anava (Agamana yA praveza) hotA hai| yadyapi karmabandha kA kAraNa sAmparAyika kriyAe~ hotI haiM, aipithika kriyA nahIM; tathApi karmoM kA Agamana (Agnava) to eka bAra airyApathika se bhI hotA hai, vaha karma zuddha (abandhaka) karma kahalAtA __ AcArAMga sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ina cAroM vAdoM kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai'jo AtmavAdI hotA hai, vaha kriyAvAdI, karmavAdI aura lokavAdI avazya hotA hai| ataH yaha kahane meM koI saMkoca nahIM hogA ki karmavAda kA AtmavAda, lokavAda evaM kriyAvAda se ghaniSTha sambandha usI prakAra kA hai, jisa prakAra vRkSa kA usakI zAkhAoM evaM phaloM ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha hotA hai| karmavAda kA sambandha : tInoM kAloM, aura tInoM lokoM se phira jaina-darzana sammata karmavAda kA sambandha bhUta, bhaviSya evaM vartamAna tInoM kAloM se bhI hai| jaina-karmavAda kevala vartamAna se hI karma kA sambandha na mAnakara atIta aura anAgata kAla se bhI mAnatA hai; kyoMki vaha pUrvajanma ko bhI mAnatA hai aura punarjanma ko . bhii| AtmA kI amaratA-zAzvatatA, pariNAmI-nityatA para jaina karmavAda kA aTala vizvAsa hai| isake atirikta karmavAda kA prANijIvana aura vizeSataH mAnavajIvana ke sAmAjika, pArivArika, Arthika, naitika, dhArmika sAMskRtika evaM AdhyAtmika kSetra meM bhI nivAsa evaM pravAsa hai| sAtha hI karmavAda karma aura dharma arthAt-Asrava aura bandha, 1. dekheM--se AyAvAI, loyAvAI, kammAvAI, kiriyaavaaii| -AcArAMga zru.1 u.1 sU.5 2. isake samarthana ke lie dekheM-jIvANaM viTThANa vivattite poggale pAvakampattAe ciNiMsu vA ciNati vA ciNissati vA, taM. evaM ciNa-uvaciNa-vadha-udIra-veya taha NijjarA ceva ||-sthaanaaNgsuutr ThANA, 3 u. 4 sU. 540 For Personal & Private Use Only

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180 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) tathA saMvara aura nirjarA ina vividha tatvoM ko sAtha-sAtha lekara pratyeka prANI ke jIvana kI acchAI-burAI kA vizleSaNa karatA hai| karmavAda meM prarUpita karma kA sambandha artha-kAma se, dharma kA dharma-mokSa se isake atirikta karmavAda meM vivecita karma kA mukhya sambandha artha aura kAma puruSArtha se tathA dharma kA mukhya sambandha dharma aura mokSa puruSArtha se hai| karmavAda prathama puruSArtha yugala kA karma saMyukti ke rUpa meM dvitIya puruSArtha yugala kA karmamukti ke rUpa meM vizleSaNa karatA hai| yaha huA karmavAda kA saMkSepa meM sarvAMgINa citra ! prAcInakAla kA bhAratIya samAja dharma prazna hotA hai-prastuta karmavAda kA vartamAna samAjavAda ke sAtha kahA~ taka tAlamela hai? isake uttara meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki samAjavAda nAma kA koI vAda prAcIna kAla meM nahIM thaa| Adhunika samAjavAda bhArata meM videza se AyAtita hai| bhAratavarSa meM samAja, saMgha, gaNa, Azrama, varNa, jAti Adi avazya bane hue the| inakI suvyavasthA ke lie bhI vedoM se lekara gItA aura upaniSadoM meM yatra-tatra kucha sUtra milate haiN| bAda meM smRtiyoM meM inakI suvyavasthA ke lie vizada nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| - jainAgamoM evaM jaina granthoM meM grAma, nagara, rASTra, gaNa, saMgha Adi samAja ke vividha ghaTakoM kI suvyavasthA ke lie ina sabake Age 'dharma' zabda jor3A gayA hai| jaise-grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTra-dharma, gaNadharma, saMghadharma aadi|' yahA~ dharma zabda kA Azaya hai-grAma Adi kI paramparA, maryAdA, ziSTa-AcAra, vyavasthA yA kartavyoM kA pAlana karanA grAmadharma, nagaradharma Adi haiN| grAma, nagara, rASTra, gaNa, saMgha Adi kA milakara 'samAja' banatA hai|yoN to bhAratIya samAjazAstriyoM ne samAja ke sabhI aMgoM ke dhAraNa-poSaNa karane evaM samAja ko sukhamaya banAne hetu mAtra 'dharma' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| unhoMne dharma kA lakSaNa bhI yahI kiyA hai-"dharmo dhArayati prajAH, "dhatte caiva zubhe sthAne," "durgatI prapatantamAtmAnaM dhArayIti dharma":, tathA 'jo dhAraNa-poSaNa kare, samAja ko sukhamaya kre|" samAjavAda ke badale samAja-dharma kA prayoga ___ dharma ke ina vyAvahArika lakSaNoM se samajhA jA sakatA hai ki samAjavAda ke badale bhAratIya manISiyoM ne "samAja-dharma" ko hI sAmUhika rUpa se sukhamaya jIvanayApana karane 1. dekheM-dasavihe dhamme paNNatte, taM jahA-gAmadhamme, nagaradhamme, raTThadhamme, pAsaMDadhamme, kuladhamme, gaNadhamme, saMghadhamme, suyadhamme, carittadhamme asthikaaydhmme|"-sthaanaaNg(vivecn) sthAna, 10 sU. 135 pR. 732 (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 181 ke lie upayukta samajhA thaa| 'samAjadharma' meM 'saha-astitva', sahayoga pUrNa jIvana, samAna vyavahAra, kartavyoM kA pAlana, samAja meM ahiMsAdi dharma-maryAdA kA, sadAcAra kA pAlana, dveSa, ghRNA, hiMsA, pakSapAta, anyAya, anIti Adi adharmamUlaka evaM pApavarddhaka vyavahAroM se dUra rahanA, ityAdi artha pratiphalita hote haiN| karmavAda dvArA nirUpita karmavizleSaNa dharma aura karma donoM dRSTiyoM se mUla bAta yaha hai ki jahA~ dharma zabda AyA, vahA~ jaina-darzana ke marmajJa 'karmavAda' kI dRSTi se socate haiN| kyoMki jaina karmavAda dharma aura karma donoM dRSTiyoM se karma kI vyAkhyA karatA hai| Amnava aura saMvara, baMdha aura mokSa tathA nirjarA, donoM pratidvandvI zabdoM kA karmavAda meM samAveza hotA hai| isa dRSTi se bhAratIya paiTarna kA 'samAjadharma' hI dharmapradhAna samAjavAda kA utkRSTarUpa thaa| prAgaitihAsika kAla meM bha. RSabhadeva ne jo samAja racanA kI, vaha pahale naitikatA aura dhArmikatA donoM hI pRSThabhUmi para AdhArita thii| bAda meM unhoMne jo dharmapradhAna saMgha racanA kI, usameM dhArmikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA kA samAveza thaa| donoM prakAra ke samAja-nirmANa ko hama kramazaH 'janazAsana' aura 'jinazAsana' kaha sakate haiN| parantu donoM hI prakAra kI samAja racanA ke pIche AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda aura kriyAvAda ke sUtra pRSThabhUmi meM avyaktarUpa se rahe haiN| pratyeka vAda ke pIche karmavAda kA puTa unhoMne karmavAda kA puTa pratyeka vAda ke pIche diyA hai| AtmA svayaM karmoM kA kartA, bhoktA hai, apane sukha-duHkha ke, hAni lAbha ke tathA hita-ahita ke lie uttaradAyI hai| hiMsA Adi azubha pravRttiyoM se azubha karmoM kA Asrava aura bandha hotA hai| tathA ahiMsA Adi ke pAlana se pApa karmoM kA nirodha rUpa saMvara hotA hai, tathA tapa aura kSamAdi dharmoM ke pAlana se karmoM kA kSaya (nirjarA) hotA hai| isa dRSTi se karmavAda kA dharmapradhAna samAjavAda ke sAtha ghaniSTa sambandha hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| prAcIna kAlika samAja vyavasthA meM artha-kAma-pradhAnatA prAcIna kAla kI bhAratIya samAja vyavasthA meM artha aura kAma ko mukhyatA dI gii| yahI kAraNa hai ki mImAMsA darzana ne vividha kAmanAmUlaka yajJoM kA vidhAna karake amuka artha (padArtha) kI kAmanA kI; devoM se yAcanA bhI kii| sAtha hI usake bAda vedAnugAminI smRtiyoM meM kAma-puruSArtha kI mukhyatA kA svara hI gUMjatA rhaa| gRhasthAzrama kI vyavasthA ke detu cAra varNa aura vivAha, yajJopavIta, yajJAdi karma, SoDaza saMskAra Adi hI pallavita nete rhe| mahAbhArata yuga meM niraMkuza artha aura kAma para aMkuza lagAne ke lie dharma For Personal & Private Use Only

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182 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) .. puruSArtha kA svara teja huaa| vedavyAsa jI ko kahanA par3A-"maiM bAMheM Upara karake cillA rahA hU~, kintu merI koI nahIM suntaa| tathya yaha hai ki-dharmapuruSArtha se artha aura kAma donoM prApta hote haiM, phira usa dharma kA sevana (AcaraNa) kyoM nahIM karate?'' ekAMgI artha-kAma-pradhAna samAja racanA ke doSa jaba artha aura kAma pradhAna samAja vyavasthA thI, taba vyakti niraMkuza hokara artha kA saMgraha karatA, isI prakAra vyakti apanI hI sukha-suvidhAoM, aiza-ArAma, AvazyakatAoM, tathA indriyaviSayopabhoga ko adhika mahattva dene lgaa| phalataH samAja meM svArtha-andhasvArtha kI apekSA aura parArtha kI upekSA; ye do sthitiyA~ nirmita huiiN| isase vyaktivAda bar3hA, samUhavAda yA samAjavAda kA mUlya ghaTane lgaa| upaniSadkAlIna RSiyoM dvArA paraspara sahayogI mAnava samAja kI preraNA upaniSadkAla ke RSiyoM kA dhyAna isa ora gayA / unhoMne saha-astitva evaM sahajIvana kI, paraspara sahayoga kI, kartavya aura upabhoga meM samatA kI zikSAe~ dii| unhoMne kahA-"hama donoM (vyakti aura samUha) paraspara eka dUsare kI rakSA kareM, sAtha-sAtha bhojanAdi kA upabhoga kareM, hama donoM sAtha-sAtha milakara apanI zakti kA upayoga kreN| hamArA adhyayana vicAra aura smRti tejasvI ho, hama paraspara dveSa na kreN| hamArI pAnIyazAlA, hamArI vicAragoSThI samiti yA pariSad samAna ho, hamAre vicAra eka hoM, hamArA AcaraNa bhI eka vicAra se anuprANita ho| isa prakAra ke sAmUhika nItimaya jIvana para RSiyoM ne jora diyaa| gItA meM bhI devoM aura manuSyoM ke paraspara sahayoga ke vidhAna kA ullekha hai| bha. mahAvIra ne adhyAtmamUlaka samAja-vyavasthA ke sUtra diye / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne na to isa prakAra kI artha-kAma pradhAna samAja vyavasthA dI, aura na hI isa prakAra kI samAja vyavasthA kA vidhi-vidhAna diyaa| unhoMne mukhyatayA adhyAtmamUlaka samAjavyavasthA ke sUtra diye| unhoMne samAjazAstrI, arthazAstrI athavA kAmazAstrI kI maryAdA kA kArya nahIM kiyA, apitu eka dharmAcArya kI sImA kA kArya kiyaa| usa dAyitva ke tahata unhoMne mukhyatayA dharma kA (dharmArjita) vyavahAra btaayaa| 1. UrdhvabAhurviraumyeSa na ca kazcicchRNoti me| dharmAdarthazca kAmazca, sa dharmaH ki na sevyte|| mahAbhArata 2. (ka) saha nau vevatu saha nau bhunaktu saha vIrya krvaavhai| tejasvinAvavadhItamastu, mA vidvissaavhai|" (kha) samAno maMtraH samitiH samAnI, samAnI prapA shcittmessaam|' 3. dhajjiyaM ca vavahAraM buddhe hAyariyaM sayA / - uttarAdhyayana 1/42 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 183 gRhasthoM kA dharma bhI batAyA aura sAdhuoM kA bhii| usI dharma ke prakAza meM unhoMne artha-kAma puruSArtha para niyaMtraNa btaayaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne gRhastha (zrAvaka) dharma kA pratipAdana karate samaya artha aura kAma ko dharma ke naitikatA ke aMkuza meM lAne ke lie hI grAmadharma, nagaradharma Adi dasa dharmoM kA nirdeza kiyaa| aura gRhastha ke lie pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA vidhAna kiyaa| unhoMne arthapuruSArtha para dharma kA aMkuza lAne ke lie tIsare(acaurya aNuvrata) aura pAMcaveM aNuvrata (parigraha parimANa vratoM) ke sandarbha meM batAyA ki corI va cora ko sahAyatA karanA, cora ke dvArA lAyA huA mAla lenA, svayaM taskarI karanA, rAjya ke niyamoM ke viruddha AcaraNa karanA, ThagI karanA, taula nApa meM dhokhA-dhar3I karanA, tathA dhana, dhAnya, dvipada (Azrita dAsa-dAsI) catuSpada (Azrita pazu) sonA-cAMdI, sikke Adi ke saMgraha kA atikramaNa karanA, tathA bhayaMkara karmoM kA upArjana ho, aise 15 prakAra ke vyavasAya (karmAdAna) karanA gRhastha dharma ke viruddha hai, tyAjya doSa haiN|' isI prakAra ahiMsAdi, dharmamaryAdA kA atikramaNa gRhastha samAja meM na ho, isake lie unhoMne apane Azrita pazuoM, manuSyoM yA karmakaroM kI roTI-rojI kA viccheda karane, pazuoM aura Azrita manuSyoM para atibhAra lAdanA, jAnabUjha kara saMkalpa pUrvaka kisI manuSya, pazu Adi kI hiMsA ( hatyA, mArapITa, satAnA Adi) karAnA, apane upabhoga aura paribhoga ke sAdhanoM (vastra, pAnI, vanaspati janya AhAra Adi) kI sImA (maryAdA) kA atikramaNa karanA, kanyA, govaMza, bhUmi, Adi ke lie jhUTha bolanA, kisI kI dharohara ko har3apanA, dharohara ke viSaya meM jhUTha bolanA, jhUThI sAkSI denA, jhUThe lekha, dastAveja yA bahIkhAte taiyAra karanA, SaDyaMtra racanA, zastrAstra kA saMgraha karanA, dUsaroM ko jIvahiMsA yA zikAra ke lie zastrAstra denA, vyabhicAra yA vezyAgamana karanA, svayaM kI vivAhita strI ke sivAya anya kisI bhI (nara, deva yA tiryaJca) strI ke sAtha abrahmacarya kA sevana karanA, svakIya vivAhita strI ke sAtha bhI brahmacarya kI maryAdA na rakhanA, kAmabhoga kI tIvratA, sImA se atirikta dhana-dhAnyAdi kA saMgraha karanA, atithi ke lie yA samAja ke pIr3ita yA abhAvagrasta ke lie apane ulabdha sAdhanoM meM se saMvibhAga na krnaa| ye aura isa prakAra ke doSoM (aticAroM) kA nivAraNa gRhasthavarga ke lie anivArya batAkara artha aura kAma para niyaMtraNa kiyaa| unhoMne gRhastha samAja ko vivAhavidhi yA vyApAravidhi, athavA yuddhavidhi yA zilpavidhi nahIM batAI, parantu samAja vyavasthA meM artha aura kAma dharma maryAdA kA 1. dekheM-Avazyaka sUtra : zrAvaka pratikramaNa 1. dekheM-Avazyaka sUtra ke antargata zrAvaka prtikrmnn| For Personal & Private Use Only

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184 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) atikramaNa na kara sakeM, isake lie vrata, niyama Adi avazya btaaye| bha. mahAvIra ne mAnavoM ke prati hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke prati maitrI, guNijanoM ke prati pramoda, duHkhitoM ke prati karuNA evaM viparIta vRtti-pravRtti vAloM ke lie mAdhyasthyabhAva kA sandeza diyaa| manuSyoM meM varNavibhAga ke kAraNa uccatA-nIcatA, chuAchUta, yA spRzya-aspRzya ke bheda ko unhoMne hiMsAjanaka batAyA, viSamatA kA utpAdaka bhii| isake lie unhoMne samasta prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva (samatA), AtmaupamyabhAva kA upadeza diyaa| itanA hI nahIM, sAdhuvarga ke lie AjIvana aura gRhasthavarga ke lie alpakAlika samatA-sAdhanA (sAmAyika vrata) kA vidhAna kiyaa| unhoMne batAyA ki koI bhI prANI AtmA kI dRSTi se na to hIna hai, na atirikta (ucca) hai| hInatA aura uccatA kI gauravagranthi abhimAnavarddhaka hai, jAtimada Adi 8 mada samyaktva ke ghAtaka haiM, mahAmoha karma meM vRddhi karane vAle haiN| ye saba vidhAna yA samAja vyavasthA ke niyama- vrata, tyAga, pratyAkhyAna kI preraNA karmavAda ke sandarbha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kii| bhagavad gItA meM jisa prakAra batAyA hai-"eka dUsare ke lie paraspara zubha bhAvanA karane vAloM ko parama zreya prApta hogaa|" tattvArthasUtra meM jIvoM kA mukhya guNa "paraspara upagraha (upakAra) karanA, batayA hai|''3 / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gRhasthoM ko sAmAjika jIvana acchI taraha jIne ke lie pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata evaM cAra zikSAvrata ke pAlana kI preraNA dI hai| sAdhuvarga ke lie pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, dazavidha zramaNa dharma Adi ke pAlana kA upadeza diyA hai| vrata, mahAvrata, niyama, dharma Adi kI preraNA bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ne karmavAda ke pariprekSya meM dI hai| prazna-vyAkaraNasUtra isa tathya kA sAkSI hai| vahA~ karmoM ke Asava kI apekSA se hiMsA Adi pAMca Amnava dvAra tathA karmoM ke saMvara (nirodha) kI apekSA se ahiMsA, satya Adi pAMca saMvaradvAra batAe haiN| AgamoM meM yatra-tatra sAdhakoM kI sAdhanA ke. dvArA sAdhya ho jAne kI sthiti meM zAstrakAra svayaM kahate haiM-khavittA puvvakammAI saMjameNa taveNa ya (saMyama aura tapa se pUrva karmoM kA kSaya karake) tavasA dhuya kammase, siddhe havai 1. (ka) mittI me savvabhUesu / (kha) sattveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpaaprtvm| ___mAdhyasthyabhAvaM viparItavRttau sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva! amitagati sAmAyikapATha 2. "no hIne no airite|" -AcArAMga zru.1 3. (ka) parasparaM bhAvayantaH zreyaH prmvaapsyth| -gItA 3/11 (kha) "parasparopagraho jIvanAm"-tattvArthasUtra 5/21 4. dekheM-prazna-vyAkaraNa sUtra meM pAMca AmravadvAra evaM pAMca saMvaradvAra 5. uttarAdhyayana 25/45, tathA 28/36 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 185 sAsae (tapasyA se avaziSTa karmoM kA kSaya karake zAzvata siddha (paramAtmA) ho jAtA hai| jo manuSya pApa karma karate haiM, ve ghora naraka meM par3ate haiM, kintu jo Arya dharma kA AcaraNa karate haiM ve devagati meM jAte haiN| samudrapAla muni puNya aura pApa (zubha-azubha) donoM hI prakAra ke karmoM kA kSaya karake saMyama meM nizcala athavA karma saMga rahita tathA saba prakAra se vimukta hokara vizAla saMsAra pravAha ko taira kara mokSa (apunarAgamana sthAna) ko ge| ye saba karmavAda ke sandarbha meM ullekha haiN| ' isake atirikta bhagavAn ne aThAraha pApasthAna, pandraha karmAdAna, vividha prakAra se karmoM ke Ane ke srotoM (AsravoM) ke tathA bandha ke kAraNoM kA nirdeza saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM kI apekSA se batAyA hai aura mAnavasamAja kI cetanA vikasita aura karmakSaya karane meM sakSama hone se manuSyoM ke lie samasta dharmazAstroM evaM dharmagranthoM meM vizeSarUpa se nirdiSTa hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra Adi tIrthaMkaroM dvArA caturvidha saMgha bhI dharmadRSTi se sthApi evaM racita kiyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina- karmavAda se isa dharmatIrtha yA Adhunika bhASA meM kaheM dharmamaya saMgha yA dharmapradhAna samAja kA atyadhika sambandha evaM saMgati hai| bhAratIya peTarna ke samAjavAda (samAjavyavasthA) kA karmavAda se sambandha to rakhA hai parantu upaniSadoM meM jahA~ saha-astitva yA sahayoga pUrvaka jIvana jIne kA sUtra hai, vahA~ karmavAda para karma ke sAtha usakA koI bhI vAstA nahIM rakhA hai| gItA meM jahA~ niSkAma karma kI yA mahAbhArata meM jahA~ puNya-pApa kI carcA hai, vahA~ avazya hI karmavAda ke sAtha usakA sambandha vyakta kiyA hai| vyAsajI ne aThAraha purANoM kA nicor3a do vAkyoM meM dete hue kaha diyA hai-"aThAraha purANoM meM vyAsa ke do hI vacana sArabhUta haiM- "puNya ke lie paropakAra aura pApa ke lie prpiidd'n|"2 isa prakAra bhAratIya peTarna kA samAjavAda paraspara sahayoga pradhAna thaa| vartamAna samAjavAda : eka samIkSA Adhunika samAjavAda ke sAtha karmavAda kA kahA~ mela hai, kahA~ bemela hai ? ise samajhane ke lie pahale isa samAjavAda kA svarUpa samajha lenA Avazyaka hai| vartamAna meM bhArata sarakAra ne bhAratIya lokataMtra ke sAtha samAjavAdI samAja racanA kA nArA kaI varSoM se 1. dekheM-- ka) uttarAdhyayana 3 / 20, (kha) vahI, 18/25, (ga) vahI 21/24 2. "aSTAdaza purANeSu vyAsasya vacana - dvayam / paropakAraH puNyAya pApAya parapIDanam // ' - vyAsa For Personal & Private Use Only

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186 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) doharAyA hai| Upara-Upara se dekhane para aisA lagatA hai ki vartamAna samAjavAda kevala rAjanaitika aura Arthika DhAMce ko ThIka karane ke lie AyA hai| kintu gaharAI se adhyayana karane para pratIta hotA hai ki vartamAna samAjavAda kevala rAjanaitika aura Arthika sudhAra kA Andolana hI nahIM hai| isake pIche bhI eka darzana hai-eka dRSTi hai, vyavasthita vicAradhArA hai| samAjavAda kI dRSTi dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda para TikI hai| dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda isa vizva ko jar3a (acetana) para AdhArita mAnatA hai| usakA kathana hai-"vizva kA AdhAra koI sacetana nahIM hai|" isa viSaya meM karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM mataikya yA susaMvAditA nahIM hai| karmavAda AtmavAda para AdhArita hai, vaha vizva ko jar3a aura cetana donoM para AdhArita mAnatA hai| karmavAda kevala bhautika padArthoM ke sahAre karma-siddhAnta kA vizleSaNa nahIM krtaa| vaha mukhyatayA cetana (AtmA) ko lekara hI karma kA vizleSaNa karatA hai| jina dArzanikoM ne ' karma kA astitva mAnA hai, unameM se eka bhI darzana aisA nahIM hai, jo karma ko to svIkAra karatA ho, kintu cetana (Atma) tattva ko na mAnatA ho| AtmA (cetana) ko mAne binA kevala karma kA kyA mUlya hai, usase kyA prayojana siddha hogA, kyoMki karma jar3atattva ko to lagate nahIM, baMdhate nahIM, na hI jar3atattvaM karma se mukta honA yA karma kA nirodha karanA jAna sakatA hai| jo dvaitavAdI dArzanika haiM, unhoMne karma kA svIkAra karane ke sAtha cetana-acetana isa tattvadvaya ko mAnA, jabaki advaitavAdI dArzanikoM ne karma ke svIkAra ke sAtha kevala cetana tattva ko mAnA hai| kevala acetana (jar3AdvaitavAda) ko jagat kA AdhAra mAnane vAlA cArvAka Adi darzana karma-siddhAnta ko nahIM maantaa| ___ ataH jaina karmavAda ke dArzanika pakSa ke sAtha vartamAna samAjavAda kA bilakula mela nahIM khaataa| acetana ko jagat kA AdhAra mAnane vAlA tathAkathita samAjavAda kevala vartamAna ko hI mAnatA hai| jar3a ke sambandha meM na to pUrvajIvana kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai aura na hIM bhAvI jIvana kaa| usakA kevala vartamAna hI hotA hai| na to bhUtakAla aura na hI bhvissy| jabaki jaina karmavAda, vartamAna ke sAtha bhUta aura bhaviSya donoM ko bhI jIvoM ke pUrvajanma aura punarjanma kI apekSA se mAnatA hai| karmavAda to karma kI anAdikAlIna zrRMkhalA ko mAnatA hai, ataH usake sAtha bhUtakAla to anivAryataH jur3A rahatA hai| yadi koI atIta nahI hai to karma ko mAnane kI jarUrata bhI nahIM hai| aura yadi koI bhaviSya bhI nahIM hai to zubha karma meM yA karmanirodha va karma ke AMzika kSaya (nirjarA) meM koI pravRtta hogA bhI kyoM? parantu karmavAda ke sAtha to tInoM kAla paraspara anusyUta haiN| ___bhAratIya darzanoM meM cArvAka hI aisA darzana thA, jo vartamAna ko hI svIkAratA thaa| vaha punarjanma aura karmavAda ko nahIM mAnatA thaa| vaha kevala vartamAna jIvana ko vaiSayika sukha For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 187 se jIne ke uddezya se pracalita huA thA; jabaki tathAkathita samAjavAda AyA thAviSamatAyukta samAja vyavasthA meM parivartana lAne ke uddezya se / donoM ke uddezya meM kAphI antara hai| donoM meM itanI-sI samAnatA avazya hai ki cArvAka darzana aura dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda mUlaka Adhunika samAjavAda, ina donoM kA darzana anAtmavAdI hai| jabaki karmavAda pUrNatayA AtmavAdI hai| vastutaH jo darzana kevala vartamAna sammata hotA hai vaha bhUta aura bhaviSya kI- adRzya kI bAtoM ke viSaya meM kataI nahIM socatA aura na hI koI carcA uThAtA hai| use lambI cintA yA carcA meM par3ane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotI; vaha kevala vartamAna dRSTi para hI najara rakhatA hai| use bahuta bArIkI meM jAne yA adRzya jagat meM jAne yA usake viSaya meM kucha socane kI koI apekSA hI nahIM hotii| jo pratyakSa hai, dRSTa hai yA jo upalabdha hai, usI ko vaha apanAtA hai| vaha kevala pratyakSavAdI hai| use antaraMga meM sUkSmatama avagAhana kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| samAjavAda kA dvitIya siddhAnta, vyakti kA nirmANa : paristhiti para nirbhara isa dRSTi se kevala vartamAna meM paristhitivAda panapatA hai| usakA siddhAnta yahI bana jAtA hai ki manuSya kA vyaktitva paristhiti ke anusAra banatA hai| jaisI paristhiti, vaisA hI vyakti nirmita hogaa| ataH samAjavAda kA dvitIya siddhAnta huaa-pristhitivaad| - karmavAda samAjavAda ke isa dvitIya siddhAnta-paristhitivAda se sahamata nahIM hai| vaha paristhitivAda ko mAnya nahIM krtaa| ekAnta paristhitivAda ko vahI mAna sakatA hai, jo kevala vartamAna ko svIkAra karatA ho| karmavAda to tInoM kAla se jur3A huA hai, isalie vaha ekAntataH paristhitivAda ko svIkAra nahIM kara sktaa| vaha paristhiti ko eka nimitta yA hetu mAna sakatA hai| kintu paristhitivAda kI ekAdhikAritA use svIkAra nahIM ho sakatI; kyoMki karmavAda kI svIkRti ke sAtha AtmavAda (cetana) kI svIkRti hai aura AtmA kI traikAlika avasthiti (pariNAmI-nityatA) mAnI jAne se pUrvajanma aura AgAmI (punaH) janma kI svIkRti hai| isalie vahA~ ekAnta paristhitivAda svIkArya nahIM ho sktaa| samAjavAda kA tRtIya siddhAntaH samAja vyavasthA kA parivartana kevala vartamAna kI tathA ekAntataH paristhiti kI svIkRti ke AdhAra para samAjavAda kA tIsarA siddhAnta pratiphalita hotA hai-vartamAna samAja vyavasthA kA 1. ghaTa ghaTa dIpa jale pR. 29, 31 2. vahI, pR. 29 For Personal & Private Use Only

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188 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) privrtn| samAjavAda kA mAnanA hai, samAja kI vartamAna kuvyavasthA ko badalane ke lie arthavyavasthA badalanI anivArya hai| samAjavAda kA pUrva rUpa hai-mArksavAda (kmyunijm)| isake janmadAtA kArlamArksa kA mata thA-samAja artha ke AdhAra para hI acchA-burA banatA hai| Arthika samAnatA samAja kI rIr3ha hai| arthavyavasthA ke AdhAra para hI samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai| katipaya bhAratIya nItizAstrI bhI isa siddhAnta ko mAnate the| unameM eka thebhAratIya rAjanIti meM variSTha mahAmAtya kauTilya, jinhoMne "kauTilya arthazAstra" racA. thaa| kauTilya ke matAnusAra dharma, artha, aura kAma ina tInoM vargoM (puruSArthoM) meM artha hI mukhya hai| artha hai to dharma (puNyakArya) bhI hogA aura kAma sevana (bhogopabhoga) bhI arya hone para hI sambhava hai|' hama isa sandarbha meM pUrva pRSThoM meM bhAratIya samAja-vyavasthA kA citraNa kara Ae haiM ki kaI dArzanika artha aura kAma ko, koI kevala artha ko, aura koI kevala kAma puruSArtha ko pradhAnatA dete the| katipaya dArzanika dharma puruSArtha ko pradhAnatA dete the| artha-kAma ko dharma ke aMkuza meM mAnate the| parantu unakI dharma kI vyAkhyA naitikatAmUlaka thI, nIti-nyAya ko hI dharma mAnA jAtA thaa| rAjanIti, arthanIti aura dharmanIti, sabhI naitikatA ke niyamoM ke anurUpa thI, jise dharma kA rUpa diyA gayA thaa| ___ ataH Adhunika samAjavAda kA dUsarA pakSa hai-aarthik| arthavyavasthA meM parivartana lAnA bhI usakA eka uddezya ho gyaa| samAja meM parivartana athavA samAja kA naitika vikAsa arthavyavasthA meM parivartana para nirbhara hai, aisA vartamAna samAjavAda ke unnAyakoM ne maanaa| samAja meM abhAva-pIr3ita vyakti roTI-rojI ke abhAva meM anaitikatA para utArU hotA hai| corI, lUTa, taskarI, dhokhebAjI, munAphAkhorI, beImAnI Adi arthadUSaNa tabhI panapate haiM, jaba manuSya garIbI kI cakkI meM pisatA hai| garIba aura amIra kA bhedabhAva bhI amIra ke prati garIba ke mana meM IrSyA paidA karatA hai, aura vaha bhI yena-kena-prakAreNa dhanopArjana karane meM juTa jAtA hai| arthavyavasthA meM sudhAra na hone se garIboM evaM zramajIviyoM kA zoSaNa bhI hotA hai, varga saMgharSa bhii| ___ Adhunika samAjavAda ne Arthika samAnatA lAne athavA garIbI-amIrI kA bheda miTAne ke lie yaha nArA diyA ki "sampatti samAja kI hai|" usa para vyakti kA svAmitva nahIM rahanA caahie| jitanA bhI utpAdana, vitaraNa aura vinimaya ho, usa para svAmitva samagra samAja kA honA caahie| isa prakAra Adhunika samAjavAda (jise mArksavAda, 1. vahI, pR. 30 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 189 kamyunijma yA sAmyavAda kahate haiM) kI nIti - sampatti para samAja ke svAmitva kI bnii| isa prakAra vartamAna samAjavAda kA dhyeya bana gayA - Arthika vyavasthA meM privrtn| aura yaha parivartana vaha sattA ke jariye karanA cAhatA hai, kara rahA hai / ' karmavAda Arthika vyavasthA meM sIdhe parivartana kA yA rAjyasattA dvArA parivartana kA koI sUtra prastuta nahIM krtaa| vaha Arthika vyavasthA meM svaicchika parivartana, yathAsaMvibhAgavrata evaM viSamatA kA anta lAne ke lie svecchayA samatA-sAdhanA kA prayoga prastuta karatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne icchAparimANavrata, parigraha parimANa (maryAdA) tathA arthazoSaNa rokane ke lie asteya vrata kA vidhAna kiyaa| usa samaya ke zAsaka prAyaH sattAlolupa, viSayabhogavilAsa meM rata evaM vaibhava vRddhi meM ruci lene vAle hote the| ekataMtra athavA rAjataMtra kA yuga thA / yathArAjA tathAprajA kI kahAvata caritArtha thii| bhagavAn mahAvIra svecchA se parivartana meM vizvAsa karate the, balAt parivartana meM unakA vizvAsa nahIM thA / jahAsuhaM devANuppiyA, mA paDibaMdha kareha, yahI unakA mUlamaMtra thaa| Arthika pakSa ke darzana meM samAjavAda aura karmavAda kI mAnyatA meM kAphI antara A gyaa| yadyapi Arthika pakSa ke viSaya meM samAjavAda aura karmavAda meM koI mela nahIM hai, donoM ke vicAroM meM antara hai, phira bhI donoM ke bIca itanA saMgharSa bhI nahIM hai / karmavAda ke prarUpaka bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM gaNadhara tathA unake pratipAdaka-samarthaka zramaNagaNa ne mahArambha aura mahAparigraha ko evaM pandraha prakAra ke karmAdAnarUpa vyavasAyoM (kharakarmoM) ko samAja meM viSamatA, zoSaNa, utpIr3ana, moha-mamatva evaM ahaMtva meM vRddhi kA kAraNa tathA mahArambhI, mahAparigrahI ko narakagatigAmI batAkara evaM gRhI zrAvaka varga ke lie apArambha - aparigraha hone kI anivAryatA kA pratipAdana kiyaa| Aja samAja meM pU~jIvAda vikasita huA hai, vaha icchAoM para niyaMtraNa ke abhAva meM huA hai / bha. mahAvIra ne icchAparimANavrata gRhasthoM ke lie batAyA, usakA Azaya yahI thA ki apanI icchAoM ko itanA tUla mata do, jisase hajAroM vyaktiyoM ko tumhAre amaryAdita saMgraha (parigraha) se abhAva-pIr3ita honA pdd'e| mahAvIra ne yaha nahIM kahA ki vyApAra mata karo, parantu unhoMne kahA ki usakI sImA karo, arthopArjana ke sAdhana azuddha na hoM, sAtha hI ve sAdhana dUsare jIvoM ke lie ghAtaka 1. karmavAda pR. 220 2. (ka) dekheM - upAsakadazA a. 1 Ananda zrAvakAdhikAra (kha) sthAnAMga sUtra ThANA - 4 - cauhiM ThANehiM neraiyAuttAe kammaM pagareti taM jahA - mahAraMbheNa, mahApariggaheNa, paMciMdiya-vaheNa, kuNimAhAreNaM ceva // For Personal & Private Use Only

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190 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) evaM zoSaNakartA na hoN|' vyaktigata AvazyakatAoM para kar3A niyaMtraNa rkho| icchAoM aura AvazyakatAoM para saMyama hone se svataH hI isa vrata kA pAlana ho jaaegaa| isa prakAra bha. mahAvIra ne karma siddhAnta ke sandarbha meM saMyama, niyama, vrata, tyAga, pratyAkhyAna, saMvara Adi kI prarUpaNA kii| yaha samAjavAda ke sAtha karmavAda kA sAmaMjasya thaa| parantu madhyayuga meM karmavAda ke sambandha meM kucha bhrAnta dhAraNAe~ samAja meM ghara kara gii| dhanavAn honA bhAgyazAlitA kA aura nirdhana honA bhAgyahInatA kA lakSaNa mAnA jAne lgaa| amuka vyakti nirdhana hai to loga kahane lage-yaha abhAgA hai, isane pUrvajanma meM zubhakarma nahIM kiye, isalie duHkha bhoga rahA hai| koI vyakti dhanADhya hai to use bhAgyazAlI batAkara kahA jAne lagA-isane mahAn puNya kiyA thA, isalie itanA dhana mila gyaa| ___ bha. mahAvIra ne to mahAparigraha ko burA mAnA hai, naraka gamana kA kAraNa mAnA hai, jabaki samAja kI pracalita galata dhAraNA ne adhikAdhika dhana-saMgraha ko burA na mAnakara puNyavAnI kA kAraNa mAna liyaa| koI vyakti alpasaMgrahI ho, sAdagI se rahatA ho, athavA abhAva meM bhI prasanna rahatA ho, usake viSaya meM bhI isa prakAra kI galata dhAraNA ke anusAra yoM kaha diyA jAtA hai"becArA kyA kare ? pUrvajanma meM azubhakarma kiye haiM, jisase isa prakAra kI abhAvapIr3A meM pisanA par3a rahA hai|" isa prakAra karmavAda ke sandarbha meM arthasampanna aura arthavipanna donoM ko acche-bure bhAgya ke sAtha jor3a diyA jAtA hai| yahIM samAjavAda ke sAtha karmavAda kA saMgharSa zurU ho jAtA hai| yadyapi donoM ke arthasambandhI dArzanika pakSa bhinna-bhinna haiN| vahA~ inameM mela bhI nahIM hai, to saMgharSa bhI nahIM hai| karmavAda ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne vyaktigata svAmitva ko ucita aura nyAya-sampanna mAnA hai, kintu usa para kucha naitika niyaMtraNa bhI lagAye haiN| vAstava meM yaha bhrAnti taba panapatI hai, jaba karma aura nokarma (karma kI sahAyaka sAmagrI) ko eka mAna liyA jAtA hai| artha sambandhI vyavasthA ho, rAjanaitika vyavasthA ho yA sAmAjika vyavasthA ho, kisI bhI vyavasthA ke parivartana kA sIdhA sambandha karma ke sAtha sthApita nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie| vyavasthA parivartana ko karmavipAka ke nimitta ke rUpa meM yA karmaphala bhugavAne meM sahAyaka ke rUpa meM samajhA jAnA caahie| isa tathya-satya ko bhalI-bhA~ti samajha lene para vRddhAvasthA, bImArI, akAla mRtyu ina sabameM parivanata lAnA AsAna ho jaaegaa| Arthika vyavasthA, cikitsA-suvidhA evaM 1. dekheM AvazyakasUtra meM zrAvaka kA saptama upabhoga-paribhogaparimANa vrata 2. karmavAda pR. 219 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 191 jIvanayApana kI sahUliyateM nokarma se sambandhita haiM, jinase sArI sthitiyoM meM tabdIlI ho sakatI hai| karmavAda ina parivartanoM meM bAdhaka nahIM hai, parantu inakA sIdhA sambandha nokarma se hai| karmavAda kA sambandha ina bAhya vyavasthAoM se nahIM, kintu vyakti kI Antarika saMvedanAoM evaM bhAvanAoM se hai| jahA~ karmavAda ko vyavasthAoM tathA samAja kI parivartita hotI huI paristhitiyoM ke sAtha jor3a diyA jAtA hai, vahA~ pUrvokta prakAra kI bhrAntiyA~ phailatI haiN| karmavAda ko vyakti ke Antarika vyaktitva ke sAtha jor3ane se ye bhrAntiyA~ zIghra hI miTa jaaegii| phira yaha bhrAnti miTa jAtI hai ki adhika dhana prApta honA puNyakarma kA aura nirdhana honA pApakarma kA phala hai| kintu dhana ho yA na ho, mana meM zAnti, santoSa, samatA (rAga-dveSa tathA kaSAya kI upazAnti yA virati) ho to vaha vyakti AdhyAtmika dRSTi se ucca stara para pahu~ca jAtA hai, use Atmika sukha prApta ho jAtA hai| Antarika vaibhava hI vAstavika vaibhava hai jaina-sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke pAsa dhana nahIM, apane svAmitva kA koI sthAna, maTha, mandira yA dharmasthAna nahIM, to kyA jaina sAdhu varga ko daridra kahA jAtA hai ? bAhya vaibhava se rahita hone para bhI jaina sAdhu varga ke pAsa saMtoSa, kSamA, zAnti, titikSA, pavitratA, satyatA, saMyama Adi AdhyAtmika guNoM kA apAra Antarika vaibhava hai| bAhya vaibhava sampanna logoM ke diloM meM prAyaH asantoSa, cintA, vyagratA, azAnti, viSamatA, IrSyA Adi durguNoM kI Aga lagI rahatI hai| isalie karmavAda kA sIdhA sambandha Antarika vaibhava se hai; bAhya vaibhava se nhiiN| bAhya vaibhava to eka cora, DAkU, vezyA, sinemA ekTara-ekTresa ke pAsa pracura mAtrA meM milatA hai, parantu usase kyA ve sacce vaibhavazAlI kahalAe~ge? dharma aura adhyAtmarUpI vaibhava kA aise logoM ke pAsa divAlA hai| jainakarmavAda satpuruSArtha ko rokatA nahIM jainakarmavAda nirAza hokara AlasI banakara, hAtha para hAtha dhare rahakara baiThane kA sandeza nahIM detaa| vaha ekAnta rUpa se yaha nirUpaNa bhI nahIM karatA ki pUrvajanmakRta karma ke phalasvarUpa jo kucha prApta ho gayA, vahI saba kucha hai; isa janma meM kiye hue zubhAzubha karma kA phala isa janma meM yA tatkAla nahIM miltaa| dharmavAda nirdhana ko bhI vikasita hone kA maukA detA hai Aja bhI hama dekhate haiM, kaI vyakti pUrvakRta karmoM ke phalasvarUpa nirdhana tathA nimna kula meM utpanna hue the| kintu ve usI sthiti meM santuSTa, akarmaNya va hatAza-nirAza hokara 9. karmavAda pR. 220 2. karmavAda pR. 221 For Personal & Private Use Only

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192 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) nahIM baiThe rhe| ve ahiMsA-satyAdi ke pAlana dvArA yA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra-tapa kI ArAdhanA dvArA athavA nItinyAya ke paripAlana dvArA azubha karmoM kA yA to kSaya kara DAlate haiM, athavA unheM zubharUpa meM pariNata kara DAlate haiN| karmavAda isa prakAra ke dharmAnurUpa abhyudaya meM unakA hAtha nahIM roktaa| samAjavAda meM bhI isa prakAra ke satkarma karane vAle logoM ko protsAhana evaM pAritoSika milatA hai| samAjavAda ke sAtha karmavAda kI isa viSaya meM koI asaMgati nahIM hai| Izvaracandra vidyAsAgara, svAmI vivekAnanda, svAmI zraddhAnanda Adi garIba mAtA-pitA kI santAna the, kintu unhoMne apane zubha adhyavasAya se, dRr3ha nizcaya se, bauddhika kauzala se, athavA saccaritratA se tathA vidyA kI upAsanA se naitika, AdhyAtmika unnati prApta kara lI thii| karmavAda kA kathana hai ki jIva apane karmoM ko svayaM bhogakara kSaya kara sakatA hai, svayaM hI naye karma bAMdha sakatA hai| AtmakartRtva evaM AtmabhoktRtva kI bAta se samAjavAda kA bhI koI virodha nahIM hai| samAvAda kA tIsarA pakSa : rAjanaitika krAnti samAjavAda ne yaha siddhAnta to sthApita kara diyA ki sampatti samAja kI hai, usa para vyakti kA svAmitva svIkRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| magara isa siddhAnta ko kriyAnvita karane ke lie samAjavAda ke sUtradhAroM ko samAja ko athavA samAja kI purAtana arthavyavasthA ko badalanA Avazyaka thaa| isa uddezya kI pUrti ke lie unhoMne samAjavAda kA tIsarA rAjanaitika pakSa cunaa|' unhoMne isa sandarbha meM sattA dvArA samAja parivartana' kI nIti apnaaii| unhoMne pUrvokta uddezya kI pUrti ke lie yaha vicAradhArA pracalita kI ki jaba taka rAjyasattA hAtha meM nahIM A jAtI, taba taka samAja ko yA Arthika vyavasthA ko badalA nahIM jA sktaa| rAjyasattA sarvahArA (zoSita) varga ke hAtha meM Ane para hI dhanika aura garIba kA, mAlika aura majadUra kA varga saMgharSa miTa sakatA hai| tabhI garIba aura amIra kA bheda miTa sakatA hai aura Arthika samAnatA sthApita ho sakatI hai| sAmyavAdI dezoM ne samAjavAda kI isa nIti kA prayoga kiyaa| sattA sAmyavAdI rAjanetAoM ke hAthoM meM A gii| garIba-amIra kA bheda samApta karane hetu vahA~ sampatti para vyaktigata svAmitva itanA sImita kara diyA ki sampatti ke AdhAra para koI choTA yA bar3A, athavA U~cA yA nIcA nahIM kahalA sktaa| dIna, bhikhArI aura bhUkhA AdamI sAmyavAdI dezoM meM nahIM milegaa| 1. karmavAda pRSTha 218 2. karmavAda pRSTha 218 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 193 kyA sAmyavAda Ane se karmavAda samApta ho jAegA ? isa sAmyavAdI paddhati kI Arthika samAnatA ko dekhakara karmavAda ke siddhAnta se anabhijJa kaI loga kahane lagate haiM, jaba garIba-amIra kA bheda miTa jAegA, taba karmavAda kaise TikegA? karmavAda kI buniyAda to isI bheda para TikI hai ? parantu karmavAda kI nIMva itanI kamajora nahIM hai ki kRtrima Arthika samAnatA ho jAne se vaha dhvasta ho jaaegaa| isa prakAra kI bhrAntiyoM ke kAraNa karmavAda ke viSaya meM kAphI galataphahamI ho gaI / ' Arthika vyavasthA badala jAne mAtra se karmavAda samApta nahIM ho jAtA kyA Arthika vyavasthA badala jAne se yaha mAna liyA jAe ki rUsa, cIna yA anya sAmyavAdI dezoM meM karmavAda samApta ho gayA ? kyA hAthI, ghor3e, gAya Adi ke pAsa artha evaM bAhya parigraha na hone se vahA~ samAnatA sthApita ho gaI ? jaba taka koI bhI tyAga svecchA se samajha-bUjhapUrvaka dharmadRSTi se na ho, taba taka koI bhI vyakti karmanirjarA (karma kA aMzataH kSaya) nahIM kara paataa| kyA rUsa aura cIna Adi dezoM meM sattA dvArA arthavyavasthA parivartana karmavAdasaMgata hai ? kyA vahA~ ke logoM kI prakRti yA manaHsthiti badala gaI? Antarika vikAroM kI upazAnti ho gaI ? kyA una dezoM ke logoM meM krodhAdi kaSAya upazAnta ho gae? kyA vahA~ koI rAga-dveSa, moha nahIM karatA ? kisI vastu vyakti yA paristhiti ke prati priyatA yA apriyatA kA saMvedana nahIM karatA ? yaha ThIka hai ki vahA~ vyaktigata svAmitva para pratibandha laga jAne se beImAnI aura bhraSTAcAra avazya kama hue haiM, parantu kyA vahA~ ke logoM kI manobhAvanA, kaSAyAdi kI manovRtti meM bhI parivartana AyA hai ? una dezoM kI rASTrIya riporToM se patA lagatA hai ki vahA~ bhI bar3e-bar3e adhikArI Arthika gar3abar3a karate haiN| vahA~ bhI paraspara kleza aura kalaha hote haiN| karma ko ve loga mAneM yA na mAneM, karma apanA kArya to vyavasthita DhaMga se karatA hI hai| sAmyavAdI dezoM meM bhI vyakti krodhAdi kaSAya karatA hai, Arthika bhraSTAcAra kucha aMzoM meM hai, manuSya kI manovRtti meM parivartana nahIM AyA, na hI unake cAritra meM AdhyAtmika parivartana aayaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unake bhItara karma - azubha karma maujUda haiN| krodhAdi vikAra Antarika karma ke pariNAma haiN| samUcA Antarika parivartana karmakRta hotA hai| karma kI mukhyatayA do prakRtiyA~ : jIvavipAkI aura karmavipAkI karma kI mukhyatayA do prakRtiyA~ haiM - jIvavipAkI aura pudgalavipAkI / prathama prakRti kA jIva meM paripAka hotA hai| arthAt jIva ke kaSAyAdi vikAra vaise hI bana jAte haiM, jaisI 1. vahI, pR. 220 2. vahI, pR. 221 For Personal & Private Use Only

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194 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) usake kaSAyoM yA rAgAdi kI tIvratA - mandatA thii| dUsarI prakRti hai - pudgalavipAkI / isa prakRti ke pariNAma svarUpa jIva ko zarIra, mana, indriyA~, aMgopAMga, zarIrAdi bala, prANa DIlaDaula, kada, mana, buddhi, vacana Adi se sambandhita zubha-azubha pariNati Adi saba paudgalika upalabdhiyA~ pudgalavipAkI karma prakRti ke pariNAma haiN|' jahA~ zarIrAdigata samAnatA nahIM, vahA~ karma kA sAmrAjya hai kyA rUsa yA cIna Adi dezoM meM sabhI manuSyoM kI AkRti, zarIra, zarIra kA DhA~cA, DIlaDaula, vANI, buddhi, AyuSya, svasthatA - asvasthatA, yogyatA-ayogyatA, cAla-DhAla, bauddhika yA zArIrika kSamatA eka sarIkhI hai ? unameM koI antara nahIM hai? sAmyavAdI dezoM meM Arthika samAnatA bhale hI kucha aMzoM meM ho gaI ho, parantu unameM svabhAvagata samAnatA, Antarika samAnatA tathA zarIrAdigata samAnatA nahIM AI hai, isalie ki vahA~ karma kA sAmrAjya hai| kahanA hogA ki samAjavAda yA sAmyavAda kI sthApanA ho jAne para bhI karmavAda ke siddhAnta ko yA usake astitva ko koI A~ca nahIM AtI / kRtrima Arthika samAnatA hone para bhI abhI vahA~ Antarika samAnatA yA zarIrAdikRta samAnatA nahIM A pAI hai, isalie vividha karma vahA~ bhI apanI jar3eM jamAe hue haiN| aura arthavyavasthA meM parivartana kA to karma se sIdhA sambandha nahIM hai| samAjavAda dvArA kRta parivartana : Antarika aura sarvAMgINa nahIM dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki arthavyavasthA Adi bAhya parivartana bhI sattA ( daNDazakti) ke dvArA kiyA huA, vaha bhayAdhArita hai| karmavAda meM saMvara aura nirjarArUpa dharma ke dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA Antarika aura puNyakarma prabalatAvaza bAhya parivartana vyakti ke dvArA svecchAkRta hotA hai / svecchAkRta parivartana sthAyI hotA hai, yahI AdhyAtmika samatA (sAmyayoga) kA utpAdaka hai| samAjavAda dvArA kiyA gayA Arthika samAnatA kA bAhya evaM kRtrima prayatna na to sthAyI hai, aura na vyakti ke vyaktitva kA sarvAMgINa parivartana hai| karma kA sambandha Antarika parivartana evaM zarIrAdi paudgalika parivartana se hai; ina donoM bAtoM meM samAnatA lAnA, samAjavAda yA sAmyavAda ke vaza kI bAta nhiiN| agara yaha parivartana rAjyasattA ke dvArA hotA to bhagavAn mahAvIra kA paramabhakta magadhasanAd zreNikanRpa avazya hI aisA kara detaa| balki vaha svayaM bhI AdhyAtmika samatA ( sAmAyika) ko prApta karane ke lie sAmAyika (samatAyoga) ke niSThAvAn sAdhaka 1. (ka) dekheM-karmagrantha bhA. 5 ( paM. sukhalAlajI) (kha) karmavAda pR. 221 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmavAda aura samAjavAda meM kahA~ visaMgati, kahA~ saMgati ? 195 pUrNiyA zrAvaka ke pAsa gayA thA / ataH karmavAda svecchAkRta va AtmakRta Antarika evaM AdhyAtmika samatA meM mAnatA hai, jabaki samAjavAda sattA dvArA kRta bAhya artha-samAnatA meM vizvAsa karatA hai| ina donoM kI yahI visaMgati hai| Antarika vyavasthA evaM zarIrAdi bAhya evaM nokarmakRta sAmAjika vyavasthA meM karmakRta samAnatA kA utkRSTa vidhAna AgamoM meM milatA hai, nau graiveyaka evaM pA~ca anuttara vaimAnika devoM kA / jaisI samAnatA vahA~ hai, vaisI samAnatA to sAmyavAdI aura samAjavAdI dezoM ke lie bhI kara pAnA asambhava hai| rAjyasattA rahita rAjya kA lakSya : dUrAtidUra mArksavAdI samAjavAda (sAmyavAda) kA antima lakSya hai- rAjyasattA rahita rAjya (Stateless state) kI sthApanA karanA / vaha lakSya to abhI bahuta dUra hai| sAmyavAdI rAjyoM meM abhI to DikTeTarazipa (adhinAyakavAda) hai| kaThora zAsanataMtra hai, ki vyakti svecchA se, binA kisI ke damana evaM dabAva ke svecchA se itanA tyAga kara sakegA, aura vairAgya tathA utanA AtmAnuzAsana rakha sakegA, yaha abhI to sAmyavAdI dezoM ke lie divAsvapna-sI bAta hai| vyakti svecchA se saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma kA AcaraNa kara le, svecchA se apane Apa para anuzAsana rakha le, tabhI zAsanataMtra kI AvazyakatA mahUsasa nahIM hogii| yahI zAsanavihIna samAja racanA kA vizuddha citra hai| aisA uccakoTi kA AtmAnuzAsana Ane para to vyakti svayaM uccakoTi kA divyapuruSa bana jaaegaa| vaha sAdhAraNa manuSya nahIM raha sktaa| aura aisI samatA kI sthiti (nau graiveyaka tathA paMca anuttara vaimAnika) kalpAtIta devoM meM hotI hai| vahA~ koI svAmI aura bhRtya nahIM hotA, koI indra yA adhipati nahIM hotA, sabhI apane Apa meM indratva se sampanna AtmAnuzAsita ahamindra hote haiN| itanA hI nahIM, zArIrika zakti, bauddhika zakti, Rddhi, dyuti tathA Atmabala meM bhI ve samAna hote haiN| unake lie tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai - " Ayu, prabhAva, sukha, dhuti (kAnti), lezyA kI vizuddhi tathA indriyoM kA evaM avadhijJAna kA viSaya, ye saba upara-Upara ke devoM meM adhika hai| kintu gati, zarIra kA parimANa, parigraha aura abhimAna, ina viSayoM meM Upara-Upara ke deva hIna (nyUna) haiN| lAntaka se lekara sarvArthasiddha devoM taka meM zuklalezyA hotI hai|"" 1. (ka) sthiti - prabhAva - sukha-dhuti-lezyA-vizuddhIndriyAvadhi-viSayato'dhikA: // 21 // / gati-zarIra-parigraha'bhimAnato hInAH // 22 // (ga) pIta- padma zukla - lezyA dvi-tri-zeSeSu // 23 // - tattvArthasUtra a. 4 sU. 21-22-23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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196 -karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : upayogitA, mahattA aura vizeSatA (4) samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura kalpAtIta vyavasthA meM antara samAjavAdI vyavasthA meM to sabake pAsa eka sarIkhI Rddhi, sampatti aura lezyA (vRtti), prakRti, kAnti evaM prabhAva samAna nahIM hotA; jabaki kalpAtIta divya AtmAoM meM ye saba sampadAe~ samAna hotI haiM / zarIrabala aura cintana bhI samAjavAdI vyavasthA meM samAna nahIM hotA; jabaki kalpAtIta devoM meM samAna hotA hai| aisI kalpAtIta samatA zatAdhika yA sahasnAdhika varSoM kI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke pazcAt prApta hotI hai| bAhya parivartana ke sAtha-sAtha unakA Antarika parivartana bhI atyadhika ho jAtA hai| karmavAda siddhAnta ke anusAra sarvAMga parivartana kA yaha zubha pariNAma AtA hai; jabaki samAjavAda siddhAnta dvArA kRta parivartana isake sAmane kucha nahIM hai| Arthika samAnatA kA prayoga : karmavAda - siddhAnta kA pUraka niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmavAda kA sarvAdhika vizada nirUpaNa karane vAle AgamoM meM kalpAtIta samAnatA ke isa ullekha para se hama kaha sakate haiM ki Arthika samAnatA aura karmavAda - siddhAnta meM saMgharSa nahIM hai, balki Arthika samAnatA kA yaha prayoga karmavAdasiddhAnta ko kriyAnvita karane meM kisI apekSA se pUraka hI siddha hogA / For Personal & Private Use Only

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AEEARTHREEEEEEEEEEEEEn (karma-vijJAna HEEHREEEEEEEEEER 4 0000808088 (paMcama khaNDa) 0688888 For Personal & Private Use Only

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...... . # karmaphala ke vividha AyAma .. 1. karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna? 2. karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna? 3. karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 4. karmaphala vaiyaktika athavA sAmUhika ? 5. kyA karmaphala-bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? , . 6. karmaphala yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 7. karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala 8. vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 9. puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana / 10. hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM : puNya-pApa ke phala 11. puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 12. karmoM ke vipAka yahA~ bhI, Age bhI 13. AtmA kA utthAna-patana : puNya-pApa ke nimitta For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? karma kA kartA-bhoktA kauna? : eka prazna jainakarma-vijJAna-marmajJoM ne karma ke sambandha meM vibhinna pahaluoM se talasparzI cintana-manana kiyA hai| unhoMne karma siddhAnta ke viSaya meM koI bhI kaunA achUtA nahIM chor3A hai| unake sAmane jaba yaha prazna AyA ki karma to ajIva-jar3a pudgala haiM, jIva cetanAyukta hai, phira sacetana jIva acetana karma ko kaise zliSTa yA baddha kara sakatA hai ? spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to-"karma kA kartA kauna ThaharatA hai ? tathA usakA bhoktA (phala bhogane vAlA) bhI kauna hai?" arthAt-karmapudgalarUpI ajIva dravya ke sAtha caitanyasvarUpa jIvadravya kisa prakAra sambaddha ho sakatA hai ? jainakarma-vijJAna-vizeSajJoM ne ina aura aise praznoM kA gaharAI se vibhinna dRSTiyoM se samAdhAna kiyA hai| jaina darzana meM karma ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva kA donoM dRSTiyoM se samAdhAna jainadarzana kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha kisI bhI vastu tattva kA nirUpaNa sarvAMgI dRSTi se karatA hai| vaha ekAMgI dRSTi se nirUpaNa nahIM karatA, na hI eka dRSTikoNa para avalambita rahatA hai| karma ke kartRtva evaM bhoktRtva ke sambandha meM bhI jainadArzanikoM ne nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM dRSTiyoM (nayoM) kA avalambana liyA hai| AcArya abhayadeva ne spaSTa udaghoSa kiyA hai-"yadi tama jina-dharma ko svIkAra karanA cAhate ho, usake rahasya ko samajhanA cAhate ho to vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM nayoM (dRSTiyoM) ko mata chor3o; kyoMki vyavahAra ke binA tIrtha (zAsana=saMgha) kA uccheda ho jAtA hai aura nizcaya ke vinA tathya-satya kA apalApa hotA hai|" nizcayadRSTi (naya) vaha hai, jo para-nimitta ke binA vastu ke vAstavika (yathArtha) svarUpa kA kathana karatI hai aura vyavahAra dRSTi vaha hai, jo para-nimitta kI apekSA se vastu ., jai jiNamayaM pavajjaha, tA mA vavahAra-nicchae muyh| ikkeNa viNA titthaM chijjai, aneNa u taccaM // -bhagavatIsUtra-TIkA For Personal & Private Use Only

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200 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kA kathana karatI hai|"" ' tatvajJAnataraMgiNI' meM bhI donoM nayoM kA Azraya lene kI preraNA kI gaI hai-" jaise donoM nayanoM ke binA vastu kA samyak prakAra se avalokana nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra donoM nayoM ke binA bhI vastu kA yathArtharUpa se grahaNa nahIM ho sktaa|" tattvAnuzAsana meM donoM nayoM kA artha spaSTa karate hue kahA hai-nizcayanaya meM kartA, karma, karaNa Adi bhinna nahIM hote| ataH vaha abhinnakartRkarmAdi - viSayaka hai - abhedagrAhI hai| vyavahAranaya kartA, karma Adi bheda kA grAhI hai; bheda dRSTi yukta hai| karma kA kartA-bhoktA kauna hai ? isa prazna para bhI jaina dArzanikoM ne donoM dRSTiyoM se gahana vicAra-manthana kiyA hai| 'karma kA virAT svarUpa' nAmaka tRtIya khaNDa meM dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM hama batA Ae haiM ki jainadarzana meM karma kevala jIva ke dvArA kiye gaye zubha-azubha karmoM kA nAma hI nahIM hai kintu jaisA ki AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra meM likhA hai-'"jIva ke pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara pudgala kA karmarUpa meM pariNamanaM hotA hai, arthAt jIva dvArA mana-vacana-kAyA se kI jAne vAlI kriyA (pravRtti) ke sAtha rAgAdi rUpa pariNAmoM ke nimitta se pudgala - paramANu karmarUpa meM AkRSTa hote haiM; yAnI jIva ke sAtha bandha ko prApta hote haiN| ve pudgala - paramANu karma kahalAte haiN| tathA una pudgalaparamANuoM ke phalonmukha hone para unake (paudgalika karmoM ke) nimitta se jIva meM jo kAma, krodha Adi bhAva (pariNAma) hote haiM, ve bhI karma kahalAte haiN|' arthAt paudgalika karmoM ke nimitta se jIva meM rAgAdi bhAvoM kA pariNamana bhI karma kahalAtA hai| pahale prakAra ke karmoM ko dravyakarma aura dUsare prakAra ke karmoM ko bhAvakarma kahate haiN| - eka dravya dUsare dravya kA upAdAnakAraNa nahIM ho sakatA tAttvika dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to jIva na to karma meM guNa (vizeSatA) paidA karatA hai, aura na hI karma jIva meM koI guNa utpanna karatA hai| kintu jIva aura pudgala kA eka dUsare ke nimitta se viziSTa pariNamana svataH hI huA karatA hai | ataH nizcayanaya 9. paMcama karma grantha, prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandra siddhAntazAstrI) pR. 11 2. dvAbhyAM dRgbhyAM vinA na syAt samyagdravyArthAvalokanam / yathA tathA nayAbhyAM cetyuktaM ca syaadvaadibhiH|| 3. abhinna-kartR karmAdi-viSayo nizcayo nayaH / vyavahAranayo bhinna-kartR-karmAdi-gocaraH / / 4. jIvapariNAmaheduM kammattaM puggalA pariNamati / puggalakammaNimittaM taheva jIvo vi prinnmdi| vikuvvadi kammaguNaM jIvo, kammaM taheva jIvaguNe / aNNoNaNimitteNa du pariNAmaM jANa donhaM pi // 5. For Personal & Private Use Only -tattvajJAnataraMgiNI -tattvAnuzAsana 29 - samayasAra gA. 86 -vahI gA.87

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 201 kI dRSTi se jIva (AtmA) na to dravyakarmoM kA kartA hI pramANita hotA hai aura na bhoktA hI; kyoMki dravya-karma paudgalika (jar3arUpa) haiM, pudgala dravya ke vikAra haiM, ataeva ve 'para' haiM, unakA kartA caitanyasvarUpa AtmA kaise ho sakatA hai ? siddhAnta yaha hai ki pratyeka dravya apane - apane sva-bhAva meM sthita hai| usake pariNamana meM anya dravya upAdAna kAraNa nahIM bana sktaa| isI prakAra jIva (AtmA) bhI na to pudgala kA upAdAna kAraNa hai aura na pudgala jIva kA upAdAna kAraNa ho sakatA hai| ataH cetana kA karma to caitanya rUpa hotA hai aura acetana kA acetanarUpa / yadi cetana kA karma acetana rUpa hone lage, taba to cetana aura acetana meM koI antara hI nahIM rhegaa| donoM kA bheda naSTa hone se sAMkarya-doSa upasthita ho jaaegaa| pratyeka dravya sva-bhAva kA kartA hai, para-bhAva kA nahIM ataH pratyeka dravya sva (nija) bhAva kA kartA hai, jaise pAnI kA svabhAva zItala hotA hai, magara agni kA saMyoga hone se vaha uSNa ho jAtA hai| isase uSNatA pAnI kA dharma (svabhAva) nahIM hai, vaha agni kA svabhAva hai| ataH jala meM uSNatA kA kartA jala ko nahIM mAnA jaataa| usakA kartA agni hai| jala meM uSNatA agni ke saMyoga se AI hai, vaha naimittika hai, nimitta (agni) kA sambandha pRthak hote hI vaha calI jAtI hai| nizcaya dRSTi se AtmA pudgala (karma) samUha kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA isa para se AcArya kundakunda ne nizcaya dRSTi se kahA- " azuddha bhAvoM kA nimitta pAkara jo pudgala-dravya karmarUpa meM pariNata hote haiM, nizcaya dRSTi se usa pudgala samUha kA kartA AtmA nahIM ho sakatA, AtmA to apane svabhAva ke anusAra apane hI bhAvoM kA kartA hai| vaha pudgala karma-samUha kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA, yaha jinendra bhagavAn kA vacana . jAnanA caahie|""" ataH zuddha nizcaya dRSTi se to AtmA (jIva ) karma kA kartA nahIM hai|' vaha kevala apane nijI guNoM (anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantazakti aura ananta Atmika sukha ) 1. (ka) kuvvaM sabhAvamAdA havadi kattA saggassa bhAvassa / poggala dabyamANuM Na du savva bhAvANaM // (kha) kuvvaM sagaM sahAvaM attA kattA sagassa bhAvassa / nahi poggalakammANaM, idi jiNavayaNaM muNeyavvaM // kammaM pisa kuvvada saNa sahAveNaM sammamappANaM // 2. (ka) paramappANamakuvvaM appANaM pi ya paraM akuvvaMto / so NANamao jIvo kammANamakArao hodi // (kha) AtmabhAvAn karotyAtmA, parabhAvAn paraH sadA / Atmaiva hyAtmanobhAvAH parasya para eva te / For Personal & Private Use Only - dravyasaMgraha 184 - samayasAra - samayasAra 23 -- samayasAra vRtti

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202 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kA hI kartA hai| isIlie 'samayasAra tAtparyavRtti' meM kahA gayA hai-AtmA sadaiva apane bhAvoM kA kartA hai, aura para arthAt-pudgala apane paudgalika bhAvoM kA hI sadaiva kartA hai| AtmA ke bhAva AtmarUpa hI haiM, isI prakAra pudgala ke bhAva bhI pudgala rUpa haiN| zrI jayasenAcArya apanI TIkA meM spaSTa karate haiM-"nirmala AtmAnubhUti svarUpa bhedajJAnI jIva karmoM kA akartA hotA hai|" __ise dasare zabdoM meM kaheM to zuddhanizcaya dRSTi se AtmA ke sAtha paradravya kA (pudgala rUpa karma kA) kisI prakAra kA sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| isalie nija guNoM meM ramaNa karatA huA AtmA karma kA kartA kaise ho sakatA hai? isI tathya ko 'adhyAtmabindu' meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai-svayaM ko sva-rUpa meM aura para-vastu ko para-rUpa meM jAnatA huA AtmA samasta paradravyoM se virata ho jAtA hai| isa kAraNa vaha caitanya svarUpa prApta AtmA apane Apa meM hI ramaNa karatA hai| apane Apa kA anuzIlana karatA huA tathA apane ApakA nirIkSaNa karatA huA AtmA kisI bhI prakAra se karma kA kartA nahIM ho sktaa|"3 karma hI karma kA kartA : kaise? dUsare zabdoM meM isakA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra se hai-zuddha nizcaya dRSTi se jIva (AtmA) karma kA kartA nahIM hai, karma hI karma kA kartA hotA hai| kyoMki jIva meM karma sattA meM par3e haiM, ve karma hI apane parispanda (kampana) ke kAraNa anya karmoM ko khIMcate haiN| ataH karma hI karma se karma ke sAtha baMdhatA hai| AtmA sacetana hai, aura karma hai-acetana (jar3a); tathA karma jisase Ate haiM, vaha mana-vacana-kAya kA yoga bhI jar3a hai| jar3a ke dvArA niSpanna pravRtti jar3akoM ko grahaNa karatI hai| jisa prakAra kutte ke gale meM rassI DAlane para usa rassI kA gaThabaMdhana rassI se hI hotA hai, kutte ke gale meM nahIM, isI prakAra jar3a karma, jar3a karmoM ke sAtha hI ba~dhate haiM, sacetana AtmA ke sAtha nhiiN| 1. sa nirmalAtmAnubhUtilakSaNa-bhedajJAnI jIvaH karmaNAmakartA bhvtiiti| -jayasenAcArya TIkA 2. nAsti sarvopi sambandhaH prdrvyaatmtttvyoH|| -samayasAra gA.323 3. svatvena svaM paramapi paratvena jAnan, samastAnyadravyebhyo viramaNamiti yaccinmayatvaM prpnnH| svAtmanyevAbhiratimupanayan svAtmazIlI svadarzItyevaM kartA kathamapi bhavet karmaNo naiva jiivH|| -adhyAtmabindu 4. (ka) huM AtmA chu, bhA. 2 (pravaktA DA. tarulatA bAI svAmI) pR. 122 (kha) jaha sayameva hi pariNamadi kamma bhAveNa puggalaM davvaM / jIvA pariNAmayade kammaM kammattamidi micchaa| -samayasAra 119 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 203 karma kA svabhAva AtmA meM Ane kA mAneM to sadA AtmA meM AtA rahegA .. yadi yaha kaheM ki karma kA Agamana anAyAsa hI AtmA meM hotA rahatA hai, taba to karma kA yaha svabhAva mAnanA par3egA ki vaha AtmA ke kisI prayAsa ke binA anAyAsa hI AtmA meM AtA rhegaa| aisI sthiti meM AtmA kA kartRtva siddha nahIM hotaa| jIva kA karma karane kA svabhAva mAneM to kabhI karmamukti nahIM isake viparIta yadi yaha mAneM ki jIva (AtmA) kA hI aisA svabhAva hogA ki vaha karma karatA rhe| kintu isa bAta ke mAnane para jIva anantakAla taka sadaiva karma karatA rahegA, karmoM se mukti rUpa mokSa kI phira saMbhAvanA nahIM hogI; kyoMki svabhAva kabhI usa dravya se pRthak nahIM hotaa| phira jIva kA svabhAva karmoM se mukta hone kA na hokara sadaiva karma karane kA ho jaaegaa| puruSa akartA hai, prakRti hI kI hai, yaha sAMkhya siddhAnta bhI ThIka nahIM sAMkhya darzana ke siddhAntAnusAra yadi aisA kaheM ki 'puruSa (AtmA) sarvathA asaMga hai| vaha zuddha, buddha, nirmala evaM triguNAtIta hai, aisA zuddha svarUpI puruSa karma kA sarvathA akartA hai| prakRti satva-rajas-tamas rUpa triguNAtmikA hai| puruSa (AtmA) ke saMyoga se prakRti hI samasta karma karatI hai| _. 'sAMkhyatattva kaumudI' meM bhI sAMkhyadarzana ke prakRtikartRtvavAda kA nirUpaNa isI prakAra kiyA gayA hai - 'ataH koI bhI puruSa (AtmA) na to ba~dhatA hai aura na hI mukta hotA hai; aura na saMsAra-paribhramaNa karatA hai| aneka-Azraya-grAhiNI prakRti hI saMsaraNa karatI hai| vahI baddha aura mukta hotI hai|" isa prakAra jIva (AtmA) ko karma kA akartA mAnA jAe to kyA hAni hai ? pudgala dravya (karma-pudgala) jIva ke rAga-dveSAdi azuddha bhAvoM kA sahArA pAkara svataH usakI ora AkRSTa hotA hai| isameM jIva (AtmA) kA kartRtva hI kyA hai ? jaisekoI sundara puruSa kAryavaza bAjAra se jA rahA ho aura koI sundarI usa para mohita hokara usake pIche-pIche cala par3e to usameM usa sundara yuvaka kA kyA kartRtva hai ? kI to vaha mahilA hai, puruSa usameM kevala nimitta mAtra hai| isa siddhAntAnusAra to AtmA 1. (ka) huM AtmA chu, bhA. 2 (pravaktA DA. tarulatA bAI svAmI) pR. 122 (kha) yatastu svayaM jIve nimitte sati krmnnaam| nityA syAt kartRtA cetinyAyAnmokSo na kasyacit // 1076 // -paMcAdhyAyI, uttarArdha For Personal & Private Use Only

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204 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kartA nahIM hai, ataH vaha phalabhoktA bhI nahIM ho sakegA, yaha doSApatti AegI, jo jainadarzana ko iSTa nahIM hai|' saba kucha kartA-dhartA, phaladAtA Izvara hai : yaha mantavya bhI doSayukta IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki pratyeka kriyA kA koI na koI kartA hotA hai| karttA ke binA koI bhI kriyA nahIM hotI / kAyika pravRtti ho, yA mAnasika athavA vAcika; hara pravRtti ke pIche koI na koI kartA avazya rahatA hai| sRSTi racanA bhI eka kriyA evaM pravRtti hai| ataH isakA bhI koI na koI kartA avazya honA caahie| saMsAra meM hone vAle pratyeka kArya, karma yA pravRtti kA kartA koI na koI sarvajJa, sarvazaktimAna evaM samartha kartA hai, aura vaha Izvara hai| jaba sRSTi kA kartA-dhartA aura saMhartA Izvara hai, taba sRSTi ke antargata jitane bhI jIva haiM, ve bhale hI svayaM karma karate dikhAI dete hoM, parantu unheM karma karane kI preraNA Izvara se hI milatI hai| ataH parokSa rUpa se Izvara hI jagat ke ke karmoM kA kartA-dhartA hai| bhagavadgItA ke anusAra - " he arjuna! Izvara samasta prANiyoM ke hRdaya-pradeza meM rahatA hai| vahI samasta prANiyoM ko (zarIrarUpI) yaMtrArUr3ha kI taraha apanI mAyA se (sva-svakarmAnusAra) bhramaNa karAtA hai|"2 ataeva Izvara hI samasta jIvoM ko karmoM ke phala ke rUpa meM svarga yA naraka meM bhejatA hai| sukha yA duHkha bhI vahI detA hai| jIva meM svayaM kucha bhI kArya karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai aura na hI svayaM karmaphala bhoga lene kI zakti hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki Izvara ko karttA-dharttA mAnane vAle to isa viSaya meM yuktipUrvaka koI cintana-manana nahIM karate ki karma kA kartA-dhartA athavA phaladAtA kauna hai ? ve ekamAtra Izvara ke hI bharose nizcinta hokara baiTha jAte haiN| AtmA sarvathA akartA hai, jar3a karma hI saba kucha karatA hai : yaha ekAnta karmakartRtvavAda hai isI prakAra kucha dArzanika karma ke marma ko yathArtharUpa se na samajha kara zuddha nizcayanaya ko hI yathArtha mAnakara ekAntataH usI kA Azraya lete haiM aura kahate haiM (ka) asaMgo hyayaM puruSaH (kha) tasmAnna badhyate'sau na mucyate, nApi saMsarati kazcit / saMsarati badhyate mucyate ca nAnAzrayA prkRtiH|| - sAMkhyatattvakaumudI, kArikA 62 (ga) dekheM - paMcama karmagrantha prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI) pR. 12 2. IzvaraH sarvabhUtAnAM hRddeze'rjuna! tiSThati / bhrAmayan sarvabhUtAni yaMtrArUDhAni mAyayA // -gItA 18/62 1. For Personal & Private Use Only - sAMkhyadarzana

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 205 AtmA sarvathA akartA hai| kriyA jar3a kI hotI hai| ataH jo kucha bhI pariNamana hotA hai, usakA kartRtva jar3a karma para hai| aise loga ekAnta karma-kartRtvavAdI haiN| ve IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM kI taraha kahate haiM-"koM ke dvArA hI jIva ajJAnI aura unhIM ke dvArA jJAnI kara diyA jAtA hai| karma hI jIva ko sulAte haiM, karma hI use jagAte haiN| karma ke kAraNa hI jIva Urdhva, madhya aura adholoka meM bhramaNa karatA hai| jo kucha bhI zubhAzubha karma haiM, ve bhI karma ke dvArA hI kiye jAte haiN|" yadi karmavAdI bhI isI taraha mAnane lage ki karma ke binA kucha nahIM hotaa| jo kucha hotA hai, vaha saba karma se hI hotA hai| vaha ekAMgI dhAraNA hai| vastutaH karmavAda IzvaravAda kA sthAnApanna nahIM ho sktaa| karma ke binA kucha nahIM hotA, yaha siddhAnta mAna lene para IzvaravAda aura karmavAda meM koI antara nahIM rhegaa| Izvara ke sthAna para karmavAda baiTha jaaegaa| - jainakarmavijJAna ke anusAra yaha mantavya yathArtha nahIM hai| yadi saba kucha karane kI kSamatA karma meM mAna lI jAegI to Izvara aura karma meM koI vibhAjaka rekhA nahIM khIMcI jA skegii| karma kA sthAna hai, para vaha sImita hai| vahI saba kucha nahIM hai| yadi vahI saba kucha hotA to manuSya karmakSaya evaM karmanirodha kI sAdhanA karake sarvakarmakSayarUpa mokSa kadApi prApta nahIM kara sakatA thaa| ekAnta karmakartRtvavAda ke anusAra AtmA ko sarvathA akartA mAnane meM doSa ___ ekAnta karmakartRtvavAdiyoM kA pUrvapakSa prastuta karake kundakundAcArya kahate haiM-jaba karma hI (Apake matAnusAra) saba kucha karatA hai, hartA hai, (phala) dAtA hai, taba to samasta jIvoM (AtmAoM) meM akArakatva A gyaa| arthAt-saMsAra meM samasta jIva sadA ke lie akartA khlaaeNge| isa ekAnta karmakartRtvavAda meM doSApatti batAte hue AcArya kahate "puruSaveda nAmaka karma ke udaya se strI kI abhilASA aura strIveda nAmaka karma ke udaya se puruSa kI vAMchA hotI hai, kintu AtmA ko kisI bhI karma kA kartA na mAnane para 1. (ka) kammehiM du aNNANI kijjai NANI, taheva kmmehiN| kammehi, suvAvijjai jaggAvijjai taheva kammehiM // 332 // . (kha) kammehi, bhamAvijjai uDDhamaho vAvi tiriyamaloyaM c| kammehiM ceva vijjai suhAsuhaM nicchiyaM kiMci // 334 // 2. (ka) jahA kamma kuvvai, kammaM deha harati jaM kiNci| tamhA du savvejIvA akAragArhati aavjji||335|| -samayasAra gA. 332 se 335 taka (kha) jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 109 For Personal & Private Use Only

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206 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vedabhAva (kAmabhAva) se dUSita AtmAe~ bhI ukta karma kI kartA na mAne jAne para brahmacArI hI kahalAe~gI, abrahmacArI nahIM kyoMki karma hI veda nAmaka karma kI abhilASA karatA hai|" ___"isI prakAra koI jIva kisI dUsare ko mAratA hai, yA dUsare se mArA jAtA hai, isakA kAraNa karmazAstroM meM kramazaH upaghAta evaM parAghAta nAmaka karmaprakRtiyA~ haiN| parantu ekAnta karma-kartRtvavAda ke matAnusAra koI bhI jIva (AtmA) kisI kA vadha karane vAlA nahIM mAnA jAegA, phira to yahI kahA jAegA ki ukta karma hI karma kA ghAta karane vAlA hai| isa prakAra sAMkhyamata ke anusAra jaise prakRti hI kI hai, puruSa kartA nahIM, vaise hI karma hI kartA hoMge, sabhI jIva (AtmA) akAraka (akartA) ho jaaeNge|'' sarvathA akartA hone kI sthiti meM AtmA mokSa kA puruSArtha bhI nahIM kara sakegA . __ aisI sthiti meM yadi jIva (AtmA) akartA hai, vaha karma nahIM karatA, to usako kisI prakAra kA bandha bhI nahIM honA cAhie| baddha to vaha hotA hai, jo karma kA kartA ho| aura mukta hone kI icchA bhI use hotI hai, jo baMdhA huA ho| jisake baMdhana hI nahIM, use mukti kI paravAha kyoM hogI? aura vaha mokSa kA puruSArtha bhI kyoM karegA? sAtha hI jo kucha nahIM kara sakatA, vaha mokSa kA puruSArtha bhI kaise karegA? kyoMki usameM kucha bhI karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai| karma ko kartA mAnane se vyakti kRta ke prati uttaradAyI nahIM hogA - yaha satya hai ki karma svayaM apanA kartA nahIM hotaa| karma kisI na kisI AtmA (jIva) dvArA kiyA jAtA hai, isalie vaha AtmA kI kRti hai| usakA kartRtva AtmA kA hai; karma kA svayaM kA nhiiN| yadi vyakti dvArA kiyA gayA karma hI saba kucha kartA-dhartA bana jAe, to karma-kartA AtmA (jIva) gauNa bana jaaegaa| jabaki karma meM apane-Apa meM kartRtva nahIM hai| kartRtva hai-vyakti ke antara meM nihita saMkalpa meN| kRti aura kartA kA yaha antara spaSTa hai| yadi karma ko kartA mAnA jAegA to vyakti apane kRta ke prati uttaradAyI nahIM hogA, aisI sthiti meM bandha bhI karma kA hI hogA, vyakti kA nhiiN| jaina darzana vyakti ko karma karane (saMkalpa karane) meM svatantra mAnatA hai; isalie vyakti apane kRta ke prati uttaradAyI hotA hai| karma ko utanA hI mahatva diyA jAtA hai, jitanA usakA mUlya hai| 1. dekheM, samayasAra kI gAthA 336 se 340 taka 2. dekheM-paMcama karmagrantha para prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandrajI) pR. 13 3. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 207 AtmA bhedavijJAna hone se pUrva taka karmoM kA karttA hai, sarvathA akartA nahIM isa jaTila samasyA ko sulajhAte hue karmavijJAna-marmajJa AcArya amRtacandra ka haiM - arhadbhaktoM ke lie yahI ucita hai ki ve sAMkhyoM ke samAna jIva (AtmA) ko sarvathA akartA na maaneN| kintu bhedavijJAna hone se pUrva AtmA ko (azuddha nizcayanayAnusAra) rAgAdirUpa bhAvakarmoM kA kartA maaneN| bhedavijJAna kI jyoti kI upalabdhi ho jAne ke bAda AtmA ko karmabhAvarahita, avinAzI, prabuddha jJAna kA puMja, pratyakSarUpa ekamAtra jJAtAdraSTArUpa meM dekheN| zrI jayasenAcArya samayasAra TIkA meM isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahate haiM"ataH yaha bAta nizcita hai ki AtmA sAMkhyamata ke samAna sarvathA akarttA nahIM hai| vaha rAgAdi vikalpa-rahita samAdhirUpa bhedavijJAna ke kAla meM karmoM kA kartA nahIM hai, kintu zeSa kAla meM kartA hotA hai|"" yahA~ bhedavijJAna avirata-samyagdRSTi kA jJApaka nahIM, apitu rAgAdi vikalparahita, nirvikalpa samAdhi-rUpa avasthA kA dyotaka hai, jo munipada dhAraNa karane ke pazcAt hI prApta hotA hai| vikalpajAlapUrNa gRhasthAvasthA meM usakI sambhAvanA kama hai| ataH jaba taka AtmA nirvikalpa samAdhi rUpa bhedajJAnayukta nahIM hotA taba taka usake rAgAdi ke kAraNa karmabandha huA karatA hai| arthAt-ta - taba taka vaha karmoM kA kartA rahatA hai| jainadarzana AtmA ko kathaMcit kartA kathaMcit akartA mAnatA hai ataH naiyAyika, vaizeSika, vedAnta, evaM mImAMsA - dArzanikoM kI taraha jainadarzana ne bhI AtmA ko zubha-azubha, dravya-bhAvakarmoM kA kartA mAnA hai| kintu anya bhAratIya darzanoM kI apekSA, jainadarzana kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha apane anekAnta siddhAnta ke anusAra AtmA ko kathaMcit kartA aura kathaMcit akartA mAnatA hai| jainadarzana na to naiyAyika Adi ke matAnusAra AtmA ko ekAnta kartA mAnatA hai aura na hI sAMkhyadarzana kI taraha puruSa (AtmA-jIva) ko sarvathA akartA mAnatA hai| 1. ( ka ) yA kartAramayI spRzantu puruSaM, sAMkhyA ivA'pyArhatAH / kartAraM kalayantu taM kila sadA bhedAvabodhAdadhaH // UrdhvaM taddhataH bodhavAnaniyataM, pratyakSameva svayaM / pazyantuM cyutakarmabhAvamamalaM jJAtAramekaM param // (kha) tataH sthitametat ekAntena sAMkhyamatavadakartA na bhavati, kiM tarhi ? rAgAdi-vikalpa-rahita-samAdhilakSaNa bhedajJAnakAle karmaNaH kartA na bhavati, zeSakAle karteti / - samayasAra TIkA gA. 344 For Personal & Private Use Only

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208 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AtmA ko zuddha nizcayadRSTi se karma-pudgaloM kA kartA mAnanA mithyA samayasAra meM kahA gayA hai-AtmA ko zuddha nizcaya ( pAramArthika) dRSTi se karma-pudgaloM (para-padArthoM) kA kartA mAnanA mithyA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne pAramArthika (nizcaya) dRSTi se AtmA ko para-padArthoM kA kartA mAnane vAloM ko mithyAdRSTi, ajJAnI, vyavahAramohI jIva kahA hai| unhoMne samayasAra meM isa tathya ko anAvRta karate hue kahA hai- jo (nizcayadRSTi) se yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM dUsare jIvoM ko mAratA hU~ aura para - jIva mujhe mArate haiN| vaha mUDha hai, ajJa hai| jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM apane dvArA dUsare jIvoM ko sukha-duHkhI karatA hU~, vaha mUDha hai, ajJAnI hai, viparIta jJAnI hai; kyoMki sabhI jIva sva-svakarmodaya ke dvArA hI sukhI - duHkhI hote haiM / " samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM amRtacandrasUri ne bhI yahI kahA hai-AtmA jJAnasvarUpa hai, svayaM jJAna hI hai, vaha jJAna ke atirikta anya kyA karatA hai ? "ata:. AtmA (para-padArthoM yA karma-pudgaloM kA ) kartA hai, (nizcaya dRSTi se) aisA mAnanA vyavahArI jIvoM kA moha hai| ajJAnAndhakAra se mukta AtmA ko jo (zuddha nizcayanayadRSTyA) kartA mAnate haiM, ve mumukSu bhale hI hoM, sAmAnya logoM ke samAna unakI bhI mukti nahIM ho sktii|"" zuddhanizcayanaya (pAramArthika) dRSTi se AtmA nija bhAvoM kA kartA hai jainadarzana sAMkhyadarzana kI taraha puruSa (AtmA = jIva ) ko sarvathA akartA nahIM maantaa| vaha zuddha nizcayanayAnusAra apanI AtmA ke jJAna-darzana-vIrya-sukharUpa nijaguNoM (sva-bhAvoM tathA unakI paryAyoM) kA kartA mAnatA hai| kaSAya pAhuDa meM kahA gayA hai - zuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se koI bhI dravya dUsare ke pariNAmoM ko nahIM kara sktaa| isalie AtmA pudgalarUpa dravyakarmoM kA kartA nahIM, apitu apane sva-bhAvoM kA hI kartA hai| paMcAstikAya meM bhI isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA hai-"apane bhAvoM ko karatA huA AtmA apane (sva) bhAva kA kartA hai|" pravacanasAra TIkA meM kahA gayA hai - " AtmA apane pariNAma se abhinna hone ke kAraNa vastutaH sva-pariNAmasvarUpa bhAvakarmoM kA hI kartA hai, pudgalapariNAmAtmaka dravyakarma kA kartA nhiiN|" samayasAra TIkA meM uparyukta kathana ko 1. ( ka ) samayasAra 247-258, (kha) vahI, AtmakhyAti TIkA 79 ka. 50 (ga) vahI, TIkA gA. 97 ka. 62 (gha) vahI, gA. 320 kalaza 199 2. kuvvaM sagaM sahAvaM attA kattA sagassa bhAvamsa / nahi poggalakammANaM, idi jiNavayaNaM muNeyavvaM // kammaM pi samaM kuvvadi, seNa sahAveNa sagamappANaM // " For Personal & Private Use Only - AcArya kundakunda

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 209 udAharaNa dekara samajhAyA hai-"jisa prakAra kumbhakAra ghaTa banAte hae ghaTa rUpa se pariNamita na hone ke kAraNa pAramArthikarUpa se usakA kartA nahIM kahalAtA; usI prakAra AtmA bhI jJAnAvaraNAdi karmarUpa meM pariNamita na hone ke kAraNa (arthAt-apanA svabhAva-dravya aura guNa chor3akara jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa pudgaladravya vAlA na hone ke kAraNa) paramArtharUpa se unakA kartA nahIM ho sktaa|" uparyukta mantavya se yaha spaSTa hai ki AtmA zuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se apane pariNAmoM (sva-bhAvoM) kA kartA hai pudgalarUpa karmoM kA nhiiN|' azuddhanizcayanaya kI dRSTi se AtmA bhAvakarmoM kA kartA hai, dravyakarmoM kA nahIM; kyoM aura kaise? paMcAstikAya kI tAtparyavRtti meM kahA gayA hai-azuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se zubha-azubha pariNAmoM kA pariNamana honA hI AtmA kA kartRtva hai| samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA meM kahA gayA hai-"jo pariNamanazIla hotA hai, vaha kartA hai|" ataH azuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se AtmA rAga-dveSAdi bhAvakarmoM kA, tathA zuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se jJAnadarzana rUpa zuddha bhAvoM kA kartA hai| arthAt-azuddha nizcayanayAnusAra azuddha sthiti meM AtmA rAga, dveSa, moha Adi vaibhAvika bhAvoM kA kartA hai, athavA mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya catuSTaya aura yogatraya Adi paMcavidha bhAvakoM kA. kartA hai| vastutaH karma to jar3a haiN| kintu una jar3a karmoM ke nimitta se AtmA meM rAgAdi bhAvoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| AtmA una rAgAdi bhAvoM meM pravRtta hotI hai| isa kAraNa ve jar3arUpa bhAvakarma bhI cetanavat ho jAte haiN| ve AtmA ke vaibhAvika bhAva kahalAte haiM, svAbhAvika bhAva nhiiN| isa dRSTi se azuddha sthiti meM AtmA una vaibhAvika bhAvoM kA kartA kahalAtA hai| isa azuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se AtmA bhAvakarma kA (cetanavat karmasamUha kA) kartA kahA jAtA hai, parantu una bhAvakoM ke nimitta se pudgaloM meM jo dravyakarma rUpa pariNamana hotA hai (azuddha nizcayadRSTi se) usakA vaha kartA nahIM hai| 1. (ka) kaSAyapAhuDa 1, pR. 318 (kha) paMcAstikAya 61 (ga) pravacanasAra TIkA 30 (gha) samayasAra A. TIkA ka. 75/83 2. (ka) yaH pariNamati sa kartA -samayasAra A.TIkA gA.86, kAna (kha) paMcAstikAya tAtparyavRtti, cUlikA gA. 57 (ga) huM.AtmA chu, bhA. 2 (DaoN. tarulatAbAI svAmI) se 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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210 * karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) paMcAstikAya meM kahA gayA hai - vastutaH bandha meM bhAva nimitta hai| ataH rAga-dveSa mohAdi se yukta bhAva AtmA ke lie bandha ke kAraNa haiN| isa dRSTi se azuddha sthiti meM AtmA svayaM bhAvakarmabandha kA karttA bana jAtA hai|' vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se AtmA dravyakarmoM kA kartA hai itane vizleSaNa ke pazcAt bhI yaha zaMkA banI rahatI hai ki Akhira pudgala karma kA (dravya-karma kA) karttA kauna hai ? arthAt-loka vyavahAra meM tathA zAstroM meM yatra-tatra aisA kahA jAtA hai ki amuka jIva ne aisA (yaha) kArya kiyA, jisakA usane amuka phala bhogA / isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki vastutaH upAdAna kAraNa hI karma kA vAstavika karta hotA hai| AtmA kA upAdAna kAraNa karma nahIM hai| isalie zuddha nizcaya dRSTi se to AlA apane hI bhAvoM kA karttA hai| nimitta kAraNa meM jo kartA hone kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha aupacArika hai, vyAvahArika hai| jaise ki samayasAra meM kahA gayA hai - karmabandha kA nimitta hone ke kAraNa upacAra se kahA jAtA hai ki isa jIva ne karma (karmabandha) kiyaa| jaise lokavyavahAra meM hama dekhate haiM ki yoddhAgaNa yuddha karate haiM, kintu upacAra se ( vyavahAradRSTi se ) kahA jAtA hai - rAjA yuddha karatA hai| isI prakAra vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se kahA jAtA hai-AtmA ne jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA bandha kiyaa| isalie AtmA vyavahAra dRSTi se jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA karttA kahalAtA hai|"2 AtmA kA svAbhAvika aura vaibhAvika kartRtva aura bhoktRtva ataH jainakarmavijJAna ne AtmA ke kartRtva aura bhoktRtva ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara diyA -(1) vaibhAvika kartRtva, (2) svAbhAvika kartRtva, (3) vaibhAvika bhoktRtva aura (4) svAbhAvika bhoktRtva | AtmA apane svabhAva (jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya ) ko 1. bhAvanimitto baMdho, bhAvo rAga-doSa -mohaado| 2. (ka) samayasAra 105 -7 jIvama dubhUde baMdhassai, passidUNa pariNAmaM / jIveNa kaDaM kammaM bhaNadi uvayAra matteNa // 105 // joki juddhe eNa kadaMti appade logo / taha vavahAreNa kadaM NANAvaraNAdi jIveNa ||106 // (kha) samayasAra (A.) 372 (ga) samayasAra (A.) 82 (gha) paMcama karmagrantha prastAvanA pR. 13 For Personal & Private Use Only " - paMcAstikAya

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 211 karatI hai, vaha apane hI bhAvoM kA kartA hai| kintu rAgadveSAdi vaibhAvika bhAvoM kA kartA hone se vaha vibhAvoM kA kartA hai, bhAvakoM kA kartA hai| AtmA manuSya, tiryaMca, naraka aura devagati meM jAtI hai; nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva banatI hai| yaha usakA vaibhAvika kartRtva hai| vaibhAvika kartRtva ke kAraNa use cAroM gatiyoM me bhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| bhAvakoM kA kartA hone ke kAraNa upacAra se AtmA ko dravyakarma kA kartA bhI mAnA jAtA pravacanasAra kI TIkA meM kahA gayA hai-"AtmA apane bhAvakarmoM kA kartA hone ke kAraNa upacAra se dravyakarma kA kartA kahalAtA hai|''2 AtmA (zuddharUpa meM) caitanyasvarUpa hai aura karma (zuddharUpa meM) paudgalika evaM jar3arUpa haiN| isa kAraNa zuddha nizcayanaya yA azuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se to AtmA karmapudgala kA upAdAna kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki jo vAstavika kartA (upAdAna) hotA hai, vaha svayaM kAryarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| jaise-ghar3e kA vAstavika kartA (upAdAna) kumbhakAra nahIM hai, miTTI hai; kintu vyavahAra meM ammakAra ko ghar3e ko banAte-pakAte dekhakara lokarUr3hi se kahA jAtA hai-kumbhakAra ghar3e kA kartA tathA bhoktA hai| yadyapi kumbhakAra ghar3e kA upAdAna kAraNa nahIM hai, tathApi nimitta kAraNa hote hue bhI vaha ghar3e kA kartA mAnA jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki ghaTaparyAya meM namitta kartA kumbhakAra hai|" ___ samayasAra meM bhI isI tathya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai.-"jaise-vyavahAra naya kI apekSA se lokavyavahAra meM AtmA (jIva) ghaTa, paTa, ratha Adi vastuoM ko banAtA-karatA dekhA jAtA) hai, isI prakAra vaha indriyoM ko, tathA krodhAdi aneka prakAra ke dravyakarmoM evaM zarIrAdi nokoM ko bhI karatA hai|'' dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA meM bhI kahA gayA hai-"vyavahAranaya se jIva jJAnAvaraNIyAdi moM, audArika Adi zarIra, AhArAdi paryAptiyoM ke yogya pudgalarUpa nokarmoM tathA bAhya ghaTa-paTAdi padArthoM kA kartA hai| 1. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 89 2. pravacanasAra tattvadIpikA TIkA 29 3. samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA 214 1. vavahAreNa du evaM karedi ghaDa-paDa-rathANi dvvaanni| karaNANi ya kammANi ya NokammANIha vivihaanni||" 5. dravyasaMgraha TIkA 8 : "puggala mAdINa kattA vavahArado dunicchydo| dA, na suddhanayA suddha bhaavaannN|" -samayasAra 98 For Personal & Private Use Only

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212 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM bhI kahA gayA hai-"jIva (AtmA) kartA hai kyoMki vaha karma, nokarma tathA samasta kAryoM ko karatA hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke anurUpa sAmagrI ke anusAra jIva saMsAra evaM mokSa svayaM upArjita karatA hai|'' niSkarSa yaha hai ki "jIva aura pudgala meM nimitta-naimittika sambandha hone ke kAraNa hI jIva (vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se) jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA kartA usI prakAra mAnA jAtA hai, jisa prakAra se kumbhakAra ghaTa kA kartA kahalAtA hai|" __- AtmA ke sAtha kartRtva aura bhoktRtva kA prazna jur3A huA hai| jainadarzana kA takI ki AtmA apanA saMkoca aura vistAra isalie karatI hai ki usameM kartRtva kI zakti hai| yadi usakA apanA kartRtva na hotA to vaha saMkoca aura vistAra karane meM asamartha rhtii| ataH AtmA kartA hai, aura vaha yaha saba karatA hai-karmazarIra ke kaarnn| jo kartA ho, vahI bhoktA hai, kyoMki AtmA meM karane aura bhogane, donoM kI svatantratA hai| isalie AtmA kA eka lakSaNa bana gayA-"jo karmabhedoM kA kartA hai, aura karmaphala kA bhoktA hai, vahI AlA nayacakra bRhavRtti meM bhI isa tathya ko yuktipUrvaka siddha kiyA gayA hai-"dehadhArI jIva (vividha padArthoM kA) bhoktA hotA hai| jo bhoktA hotA hai, vaha kartA bhI hotA hai| jo kartA hotA hai, vaha karma saMyukta hotA hai| karmasaMyukta jIva saMsArI hotA hai| vaha karma do prakAra kA hai-dravyakarma aura bhaavkrm| phalitArtha yaha hai ki nizcaya (naya) se vaha bhAvakarma kA aura vyavahAra (naya) se dravyakarma kA kartA hotA hai| vastutaH mithyAdarzana Adi bhAvakoM kA udaya hone se jIva aisI sthiti meM pahu~ca jAtA hai, jisase AtmA meM dravyakarma (karmapudgala) kA Asava (Agamana) hotA hai| usase AtmA karmabandha karatA hai| arthAt vaha dravyakarma kA kartA hotA hai| phira baddhakarma ke pudgala ke phalasvarUpa AtmA sukha-duHkhAdi kA anubhava karatA (bhogatA-vedana karatA hai| 1. kArtikayAnuprekSA 188 2. (ka) jainadarzana aura anekAnta, se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 88 (kha) yaH kartA karma bhedAnAM, bhoktA karmaphalasya ca, sa hyaatmaanaanylkssnnH| 3. nayacakra vRhadvRtti : 124-125 dehajudo so bhuttA, bhuttA so ceva hoI iha kttaa| kattA puNa kAyajudo jIvo saMsArio bhnnio| kammaM duviha-viyappaM bhAve a dvvaannN| bhAve so Nicchayado kattA, bavahArado dbve|| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 213 isalie paMcAstikAya vRtti meM kahA gayA hai- "vyavahAra se jIva AtmapariNAmoM ke nimitta se hone vAle paudgalika karmoM kA karane vAlA hone se karmakartA hai| jo karma kA kartA hai, vahI karmaphala kA bhoktA hai|" samayasAra TIkA meM bhI isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai"ataH nimitta-naimittika bhAva kI apekSA se AtmA meM karma ke kartRtva, bhoktRtva aura bhogyatva kA vyavahAra hotA hai|"" sAMkhyadarzana kA puruSa ko akartA aura prakRti ko bhoktA mAnanA yuktiviruddha hai sAMkhyadarzana ke AtmA ko akartA aura bhoktA mAnane kA siddhAnta bhI yuktiviruddha hai| kyoMki yadi puruSa (AtmA) akartA hai aura prakRti dvArA kiye gae karmoM kA bhoktA hai, taba to puruSa niSkriya evaM asat siddha hotA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jisa prakAra acetana ghaTapaTAdi padArtha puNya-pApa ke kartA nahIM ho sakate, usI prakAra acetana prakRti bhI puNya-pApa kI kartrI nahIM ho sktii| yadi acetana prakRti ko karttA mAnA jAegA to ghaTapaTAdi acetana padArthoM ko bhI kartA mAnanA pdd'egaa| tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki "AtmA prakRti ke dvArA kiye gae kAryoM kA upabhoga karatA hai, yaha kathana bhI yuktiviruddha hai| vyavahAra meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki jo kArya karatA hai, vahI usake phala kA upabhoga karatA hai| isa dRSTi se yadi prakRti kartrI hai to use hI phalabhoktrI mAnanA caahie|" yadi eka ke dvArA kiye gae (bhojanAdi) karmoM kA phalabhoga dUsarA kara letA hai, aisA mAnA jAegA to eka ke kiye hue bhojana se dUsare ko tRpta honA cAhie; jo lokavyavahAra ke viruddha hai| nyAya kumudacandra meM bhI kahA hai- jo puruSa bhoga kriyA karatA hai, vaha bhoktA kahalAtA hai| taba anya kriyAeM kyoM nahIM kara sakatA ? nayacakravRtti meM kahA gayA"dehadhArI jIva bhoktA hotA hai aura jo bhoktA hotA hai, vaha kartA bhI hotA hai|" SaDdarzanasamuccaya meM kahA hai- jo karmaphala bhogatA hai, vaha kartA hotA hai; jaise- kisAna kRSi karma karatA hai, to apanI khetI kA bhoktA bhI hotA hai| isalie vahI phasala ko kATatA hai| tatvArtha rAjavArtika meM spaSTa kahA hai ki "yadi AtmA (puruSa) akartA hokara kiye gae karmoM kA phala bhogatA hai to kiye gae karmoM ke phala kA vinAza aura na kiye hue karmoM ke phala kI prApti hone kA doSa AegA, jo yuktiviruddha evaM anucita hai / "2 1. ( ka ) "vavahAreNAtma-pariNAma-nimitta paudgalikakarmaNA kartRtvAt kartA / - paMcAstikAya tA. pra. 27/58 (kha) tato nimitta - naimittika- bhAvamAtreNaiva tatra kartR-karma-bhoktR-bhogyatva-vyavahAraH // -samayasAra pR. 455 2. (ka) amitagati zrAvakAcAra 4 / 35 (kha) jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina ) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 119 For Personal & Private Use Only

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214. karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) sAMkhyadarzana dvArA kRta AkSepa kA nirAkaraNa sAMkhyadarzana kA AkSepa hai ki "yadi draSTA-bhoktA AtmA ko jainadArzanika kartA mAnate haiM to bhuktAtmA ko bhI kartA mAnanA pdd'egaa| ataH AtmA ko kartA mAnanA sadoSa hai|" jainadArzanikoM ne isakA samAdhAna kiyA hai ki hama mukta AtmA ko bhI akartA mAnate hI nahIM haiN| usameM bhI sukha, caitanya, sattA, vIrya aura kSAyika darzanarUpa artha kriyA hone se vaha apane nijI AtmaguNoM kA kartA-bhoktA hai| sAMkhya-mAnya tathAkathita puruSa akarta hone se AkAzapuSpavat asat bana jaaegaa| jo bhoktA ho, vaha kartA bhI hai, isa siddhAnta kA maNDana sAMkhya dArzanika kahate haiM-sAMsArika jIva sukha-duHkhAdi ke bhoktA to haiM, para karta nhiiN| sAMsArika jIvoM ko sukha-duHkhAdi kI anubhUti hotI hai| jainadArzanikoM kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra AtmA ko bhoktRtva kI anubhUti hotI hai, usI prakAra 'maiM zabda sunane vAlA hU~,' 'maiM gandha sUMghane vAlA hU~' ityAdi vAkyoM se sabhI ko AtmA ke kartRtva kI anubhUti bhI hotI hai| isalie bhoktA kI taraha puruSa (AtmA) kartA bhI hai| ataH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kI taraha jaina darzana bhI AtmA ko karmoM kA kartA aura phalabhoktA bhI mAnatA hai| jainadarzana sAMkhya kI taraha upacAra se nahIM, vAstavika rUpa se AtmA ko bhoktA mAnatA hai - jainakarmavijJAna kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki sAMkhya dArzanikoM kI taraha kevala upacAra se karmaphaloM kA bhoktA na mAnakara yaha vAstavika rUpa se bhoktA mAnatA hai| "jisa prakAra vyAvahArika dRSTi se AtmA pudgala karmoM kA kartA mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se vaha paudgalika karmajanya phala sukha-duHkha evaM bAhya padArthoM kA bhoktA hai| isake (ga) acetanasya puNya-pApakartRtA'nupapatterghaTAdivat / -tattvArthavArtika 2/90/9 (gha) tattvArthazlokavartika 246 (Ga) pradhAnena kRte dharme mokSabhAgI na cetanaH / pareNa vihite bhoge tRpti bhAgo kutaH paraH / . uktvA svayamakartAraM bhoktAraM cetanaM punaH, bhASamANasya sAMkhyasya na jJAnaM vidyate sphuttm| zrAvakAcAra (amitagAte) 4/34-30 (ca) nyAyakumudacandra pR. 818 (cha) SaDdarzanasamuccaya TIkA (guNaratnAcArya) pR. 236 (ja) tattvArtha rAjavArtika 2/10/1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 215 atirikta azuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se AtmA ke vaibhAvika (vaikArika) bhAvoM (rAgadveSAdi) kA bhoktA hai, tathaiva zuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se zuddha cetanabhAvoM kA bhoktA hai|" . ___AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai-"(vyavahAra dRSTi se) AtmA paraloka sambandhI puNya-pApajanya phaloM kA bhoktA hai|" kArtikayAnuprekSA meM vividha karmavipAkajanya sukha-duHkha kA bhoktA batAyA hai| upacAra se bhoktA mAnane kA khaNDana ___sAMkhyadarzana kA kahanA hai-puruSa (AtmA) ko bhoktA kahane kA tAtparya hai"viSayoM kA sAkSAt bhoktA nahIM, balki upacAra se bhoktA-anubhavakartA hai| upacAra se bhoktA kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki puruSa sAkSAt bhoga kartA nahIM hai, kintu buddhi meM jhalakane vAle sukha-duHkha kI chAyA 'puruSa' meM par3ane lagatI hai, yahI usakA bhoktRtva hai| isI puruSa bhogakartRtva ke kAraNa puruSa bhoktA kahalAtA hai| jisa prakAra sphaTika maNi lAla (japA) puSpa ke saMsarga ke kAraNa lAla ho jAtA hai, tathaiva nirmala svaccha puruSa prakRti ke saMsarga se sukha-duHkhAdi kA bhoktA bana jAtA hai| ataH buddhirUpI darpaNa meM pratibimbita padArthoM kA dvitIya darpaNa puruSa meM jhalakanA hI puruSa kA bhoktRtva hai| isa bhoktRtva ke atirikta puruSa meM anya kisI prakAra kA bhoktRtva nahIM hai|" zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM isa kathana kA khaNDana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki puruSa (AtmA) amUrta hai, usa para kisI prakAra kA pratibimba nahIM par3a sktaa| sAMkhyoM kA puruSa ko upacAra se bhoktA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta-upacAra se bhoktA mAnane para sukha-duHkha kA anubhava AdhArahIna ho jaaegaa| ataH AtmA vAstavika rUpa se bhoktA hai, aupacArika rUpa se nhiiN| 1. (ka) jainadarzana meM Atma vicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 120 se 122 taka * / (kha) tattvArthazlokavArtika 246 (ga) etena vizeSaNAd-upacaritavRtyAM bhoktAraM cAtmAnaM manyamAnAnAM sAMkhyAnAM niraasH|| -SaDdarzanasamuccaya TIkA, kArikA 49 (gha) tathA svakRtasya karmaNoyatphalaM sukhAdikaM tasya sAkSAt bhoktA c| -vahI (Ga) jIvovi havai bhuttA, kammaphalaM so vi bhuMjate jmhaa|| ___kammavivAyaM vivihaM so ciya bhuMjedi sNsaare| -kArtikayAnuprekSA 1/89 2. (ka) syAdvAda maMjarI pR. 135 (kha) pratibimbodayo'pyasya nAmUrtatvena yujyte| bhukteratiprasaMgAcca, na vai bhogaH kdaacn|| -zAstravArtA-samuccaya, stabaka 3 .... (ga) syAdvAda maMjarI kA. 15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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216 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karma kA kartRtva bhoktRtva : eka zaMkA-samAdhAna karma ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva ke sambandha meM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se pUrvokta vivecana ko par3hakara kaI logoM ko donoM nayoM meM virodhAbhAsa lagatA hai| parantu ina donoM nayoM meM kisI prakAra kA virodha nahIM hai| donoM nayoM kI viSayavastu aura unakA kSetra pRthak-pRthak hai / nizcayanaya zuddha AtmA aura zuddha pudgala kA hI kathana kara sakatA hai, pudgala mizrita AtmA kA yA Atma-mizrita pudgala kA tathA karma ke kartRtva- bhoktRtva Adi kA kathana nizcayanaya se kisa prakAra sambhava hai ? nizcayanaya to padArtha ke zuddha svarUpa kA arthAt jo padArtha svabhAva se, apane Apa meM jaisA hai, vaisA hI pratipAdana karatA hai| karma kA sambandha sAMsArika azuddha (karma mizrita) AtmA se haiM, isalie usakA ( karmayukta sAMsArika AtmA kA) kathana vyavahAranaya hI kara sakatA hai, kyoMki paranimitta kI apekSA se vastu kA nirUpaNa karanA hI usakA kAma hai / ataH nizcayanaya se karma ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa nahIM ho sktaa| vaha to kevala zuddha, mukta AtmA aura pudgala Adi zuddha ajIva kA hI nirUpaNa kara sakatA hai| jar3a-cetana mizrita saMsArI karmabaddha AtmA se karma kA sambandha hai karma ke kartRtva aura bhoktRtva kA sambandha saMsArI AtmA se - karmayukta AtmA se hai, mukta AtmA se nahIM / saMsArI AtmA karmoM se baddha hai, usameM caitanya aura jar3a kA mizraNa hai| mukta AtmA karmoM se sarvathA rahita vizuddha caitanyayukta hotA hai| karmabaddha AtmA kI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa jo karmaprAyogya pudgala-paramANu AkRSTa hokara paraspara mila jAte haiM, nIra-kSIravat eka-se ho jAte haiM, ve karma kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra karma bhI jar3a aura cetana kA mizraNa hai / saMsArI AtmA aura karma donoM jar3a-cetana mizrita haiM, donoM meM antara yaha hai ki saMsArAvasthA meM jar3a aura cetana aMza isa prakAra ke nahIM haiM ki unakA alaga-alaga rUpa se anubhava kiyA jA ske| phira bhI ina donoM kA pRthakkaraNa muktAvasthA meM ho jAtA hai / saMsArI AtmA jaba taka karmayukta hai, tabhI taka saMsArI kahalAtI hai, karma se mukta hote hI vaha mukta AtmA kahalAtI hai| karma bhI jaba AtmA se pRthak ho jAtA hai, taba kevala pudgala kahalAtA hai| AtmA se sambaddha karma-pudgala dravyakarma hai, aura dravyakarma yukta AtmA kI pravRtti-kriyA bhAvakarma hai| ataH spaSTa hai AtmA aura pudgala kI mizrita avasthA meM hI karma ke kartRtva aura bhoktRtva kA sambandha hai| satya tathya yaha hai ki na to saMsArI jIva zuddha cetanAyukta hai aura na hI karma zuddha pudgala hai / saMsArI jIva cetana-acetana donoM dravyoM kA milA-julA rUpa hai| isI taraha karma For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 217 bhI vikRta avasthA hai, jo jIva kI mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRtti se nirmita huI hai, usase hI sambaddha hai| jIva aura pudgala donoM svAbhAvika avasthA meM hoM to karma ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva kA koI savAla hI paidA nahIM hotaa| donoM apane svabhAva meM sthita nahIM haiM, isalie nizcayanaya dvArA isakA nirUpaNa na hokara vyavahAranaya dvArA hI isake kartRtva-bhoktRtva kA nirNaya ho sakatA hai| ___jIva karmoM kA kartA hai, isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki vaha pudgala kA nirmANa karatA hai| pudgala to pahale se vidyamAna hai, usakA nirmANa jIva nahIM krtaa| jIva to apane sannikaTa meM sthita karma pudgala paramANuoM ko apanI pravRttiyoM se AkRSTa kara apane meM milAkara nIra-kSIravat eka kara detA hai| yahI saMsArI jIva dvArA dravya karmoM kA kartRtva hai| yadi jIva dravyakarmoM kA kartA nahIM hai to phira unakA kartA kauna hai ? pudgala svataH to karmarUpa meM pariNata nahIM hotA, jIva hI use karmarUpa meM pariNata karatA hai| ___ dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dravya karmoM ke kartRtva ke abhAva meM bhAvakoM kA kartRtva kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai| dravyakarma hI to bhAvakarma ko utpanna karate haiN| siddha paramAtmA dravyakoM se mukta haiM, isalie bhAvakoM se bhI mukta haiN| jo karma kA kartA hotA hai vahI usakA phalabhoktA hotA hai| saMsArI jIva hI karma kA kartA aura phala kA bhoktA hai, kintu mukta jIva na to karma kA kartA hai, na hI bhoktA hai|' karmaphaloM ko vyaktiyoM ke jIvana meM dekhakara karmakartA kA anumAna ... AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM hiMsA ke phala ke sambandha meM kahA hai-paMgu, kor3hI, aura aMgavikala Adi vyaktiyoM ko dekhakara yaha samajho ki ye saba nirdoSa trasa jIvoM ke hiMsArUpa pApa karma ke phala haiM, jinheM ve bhoga rahe haiN| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki phalabhoktA ko dekhakara usake kartA kA anumAna svataH ho jAtA hai| jo jIva karmaphala bhoga rahA hai, vahI usa karma kA kartA hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| - isI prakAra cANakya nIti meM kahA hai-"daridratA, duHkha, roga, bandhana aura nAnA duHkha-saMkaTa Adi ye saba AtmAparAdha rUpI vRkSa ke phala haiN|" karma kiye binA phala bhogane kA savAla hI nahIM utthtaa| ___ isI dRSTi se karmabaddha saMsArI AtmA kA lakSaNa karma-grantha ke vivecana meM diyA gayA hai jo vibhinna prakAra ke karmoM kA kartA hai, vahI karmaphala kA bhoktA hai| vaha jaba taka saMsAra meM rahatA hai taba taka karma saMyukta rahatA hai, aura tabhI taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa 1. karmavipAka sUtra (prastAvanA) (upAcArya devendramuni) se pR. 28-29. For Personal & Private Use Only

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218 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karatA hai| kintu karmavimukta hote hI parinirvANa (mokSa) ko prApta kara letA hai / yahI (saMsArI) AtmA kA lakSaNa hai, anya nahIM / ' karma ke sAtha kartA aura phalabhoktA paraspara sambaddha haiM bauddha darzana kA kathana hai- karma se vipAka pravartita hotA hai aura vipAka se karma utpanna hotA hai| sAtha hI vaha kAraNarUpa paramparA se Age kisI kartA ke tathA vipAka se Age phalabhoktA ko nahIM dekhatA / "kintu kAraNa ke hone para hI kartA hai aura vipAka kI pravRtti se phalabhoktA hai; aisA mAnatA hai|"2 jaina dArzanikoM ne kahA- karma ke kAraNa ko mAnanA aura usake kartA tathA phalabhoktA ko pratyakSa (Direct) na mAnanA vadato vyAghAta hai| vastutaH kartA, karma aura karmavipAka tathA phalabhoktA ye cAroM paraspara eka dUsare se anusyUta haiN| karma haiM to unake kAraNa bhI haiM, kartA bhI haiM, karmaphala bhI haiM aura phalabhoktA bhI hai| AtmA aura pudgala donoM apane-apane guNoM ke kartA haiM; kintu nimitta rUpa se pariNamanakartA haiM yadyapi AtmA aura pudgalakarma eka dUsare kA nimitta pAkara pariNamana karate haiM, tathApi na to AtmA pudgalakarmoM ke guNoM kA kartA hai aura na hI pudgalakarma AtmA ke guNoM kA kartA hai; kintu donoM paraspara eka-dUsare ke nimitta se pariNamana karate haiN| ataH AtmA cetana hone se jar3a karma pudgala kA upAdAna yA sAkSAtkAraNa na hote hue bhI paramparA prApta parokSabhAva se usakA kAraNa hai| isalie vyavahAradRSTi se AtmA jar3a-karmapudgala kA kartA mAnA jAtA hai| tathA svakRta karmoM ke phalasvarUpa milane vAle sukha-duHkhAdi kA bhI vyavahAra se bhoktA kahA jAtA hai| 9. (ka) paMgukuSTi - kuNitvAdi dRSTvA hiMsAphalaM sudhIH / nIrAgastrasajantUnAM hiMsAM saMkalpataH tyajet // (kha) dAridryaH duHkha - rogAni bandhana- vyasanAni ca / - yogazAstra, prakAza 1 AtmAparAdhavRkSasya phalAnyetAni dehinAm // - cANakyanIti (ga) yaH kartAkarmabhedAnAM bhoktA karmaphalasya ca / saMsargA parinirvAtA sa hyAtmA nAnyalakSaNaH // - karmagrantha bhA. 1 prastAvanA (paM. sukhalAla jI ) 2. majjhimanikAya 3/1/3 3. jIva - pariNAmaheduM kammattaM puggalA pariNamati / puggalakammaNimittaM taheva jIvo vi pariNamadi // vikuvvadi kammaguNe jIvo, kammaM taheva jIvaguNe / aNoNa nimitteNa du pariNAmaM jANa dohaMpi // edeNa kAraNeNa du kattA AdA saeNa bhAveNa / puggalakammakaDANaM Na du kattA savvabhAvAnaM / For Personal & Private Use Only -samaya-prAbhRta

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 219 karma kA kartA hote hue bhI AtmA karmarUpa nahIM ho jAtA yadyapi AtmA karma kA kartA aura phalabhoktA hai, tathApi vaha karmarUpa nahIM ho jaataa| isa viSaya meM AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM- jaise ( sunAra Adi) zilpakAra AbhUSaNa Adi ke nirmANa kA kArya karatA hai, tathA vaha svayaM AbhUSaNAdirUpa nahIM ho jAtA; usI prakAra yaha jIva bhI karma karatA (bAMdhatA) huA bhI karmarUpa nahIM ho jAtA / arthAt-apane caitanyasvabhAva ko chor3a kara karmarUpa jar3arUpa nahIM ho jaataa| Azaya yaha hai ki jisa prakAra svarNakAra AbhUSaNa ke nirmANa meM nimitta kAraNa hai| ataH vaha apane svarUpa se cyuta nahIM hotA aura nimitta kAraNa bhI banatA hai| isI prakAra jIva (AtmA) bhI apane svarUpa se cyuta nahIM hotA aura karmoM ke kartRtva (bandhana) meM nimitta rUpa bhI bana jAtA hai| yahA~ nimitta - naimittika bhAva kI apekSA se AtmA meM kartRtva, bhoktRtva evaM bhogyatva kA vyavahAra upayukta mAnA hai| upAdAna-upAdeyabhAva yahA~ ghaTita nahIM hotA / ' AtmA svayaM hI karmakartA aura svayaM hI phalabhoktA isa dRSTi se uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai - AtmA hI sukhoM aura duHkhoM kA kartA hai aura vahI vikartA (karma-phalabhoktA yA karmakSayakarttA ) hai | cANakyanIti meM kahA gayA haihai - AtmA svayaM hI karma karatA hai aura usa karma kA phala bhI svayameva bhogatA hai| svayaM hI karmAnusAra saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai aura svayaM karma se mukta hotA hai| mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai - yaha to sabakA sAmAnya anubhava hai ki kumbhakAra miTTI ke piNDa se jo-jo bartana Adi banAnA cAhatA hai vahI vahI banAtA hai| isI prakAra manuSya svecchA se kRta karma kA phala prApta karatA hai| jisa prakAra chAyA aura dhUpa nirantara eka dUsare ke sAtha sambaddha rahate haiN| isI prakAra kartA aura karmaphala apane dvArA kiye gae karmoM se sambaddha rahate haiN|"" 1. jaha sippio u kampaM kuvvai, Na ya so u tammao ho / taha jIvo vi ya kammaM kuvvadi Na tammao hoi || 2. (ka) appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa y| (kha) svayaM karmakarotyAtmA, svayaM tatphalamaznute / svayaM paribhramati saMsAre svayaM tasmAd vimucyate / (ga) yathA mRtpiNDataH kartA kurute yadyadicchati / evamAtmakRtaM karma mAnavaH pratipadyate // yathA chAyA''tapau nityaM susambaddhau parasparam / tathA karma ca kartA ca smbddhaavaatmkrmbhiH|| - samayasAra 349 - uttarAdhyayana 20/37 For Personal & Private Use Only - cANakyanIti - dakSasmRti - mahAbhArata anu. parva a. 1, zloka 74

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220 . karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AtmA hI karma kA kartA aura phalabhoktA hai vastutaH karma kA karttA aura phalabhoktA AtmA svayaM hI hai| isI Atma-kartRtvavAda kA samarthana jainazAstroM meM tathA mahAbhArata Adi vaidika dharmagranthoM meM bhI milatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM bhI kahA gayA hai- sabhI prANI apane kRtakarmoM ke kAraNa nAnA yoniyoM meM bhramaNa karate haiN| AtmA svayaM apane dvArA kRta karmoM se bandhana meM par3atA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM bhI spaSTa kahA hai- " AtmA svayaM apane dvArA hI karmoM kI udIraNA karatA hai, svayaM apane dvArA hI unakI garhA - AlocanA karatA hai aura apane dvArA hI karmoM kA saMvara (Anava-nirodha) karatA hai|"" mahAbhArata bhISma parva meM kahA gayA hai- "he rAjan ! AtmA ke dvArA kiye gaye karma kA phalabhoga AtmA ke dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai, cAhe vaha karma tumhAre dvArA jisa kisI prakAra se ihaloka meM kiyA gayA ho yA paraloka meM kiyA gayA ho / " harivaMzapurANa meM bhI isI tathya ko abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai- "apanI AtmA dvArA svayaM jo bhI zubha yA azubha karma kiyA gayA ho, kAla prApta hone para sabhI dehadhAriyoM ke jIvana meM vaha karma (phala ke rUpa meM) dikhAI detA hai|" mahAbhArata vana parva meM bhI kahA gayA hai- "manuSya apane dvArA kiye gaye doSoM (aparAdhoM) ke kAraNa janma, jarA aura mRtyu ke duHkhoM se satata ghirA huA, rahakara saMsAra meM racA-pacA rahatA hai| prANI una-una svakRta karmoM ke kAraNa paraloka meM duHkhita hotA hai| aura usa duHkha ke pratighAta (nAza) ke lie pApa yoni ko prApta karatA hai / "" 9. 2. (ka) appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa y| (kha) " savve saya kamma kappiyA / " (ga) "jahA kaDaM kamma, tahAsi bhaare|" (gha) appaNA ceva udIrei, appaNA ceva garahai, appaNA ceva saMvarai / " - uttarAdhyayana 20/37 -sUtrakRtAMga 1/2/6/18 gA. -vahI, 1/5/1 gA. 26 jantubhiH karmabhistaistaiH svakRtaiH pretya duHkhitaH / taduHkha-pratighAtArthamapuNyAM yonimApnute // 35 // (ka) "Atmanaiva kRtaM karma, hyAtmanaivopabhujyate / iha vA pretya vA rAjastvayA prAptaM yathA tathA / (kha) svayamAtmakRtaMkarma zubhaM vA yadi vA'zubham / prApta kAle tu tatkarma dRzyate sarvadehinAm // (ga) jAtimRtyujarAduHkhaiH satataM samabhidrutaH / saMsAre pacyamAnazca dossairaatmkRtairnrH|| 33 // -harivaMzapurANa ugrasena abhi. 25 -mahAbhArata vanaparva 33, 35 - bhagavatIsUtra za. 1, u. 3 - mahAbhArata bhISma parva a. 77 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? AtmA svayaM hI kartA, tathA karmoM kI phalotpAdana zakti se svayaM phalabhoktA ataH jainakarmavijJAna kA yaha siddhAnta akATya hai ki AtmA svayaM hI zubha yA azubha karma karatA hai aura usakA phala bhI karma ke prabhAva se arthAt karmoM kI phalotpAdanazakti se svayaM hI bhoga letA hai| Izvara yA anya kisI zakti kA isameM hastakSepa nahIM hai| bhagavadgItA meM bhI isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai- prabhu (paramAtmA) saMsAra (lokagata jIvoM) karmoM- - kA na to kartA hai aura na hI karmoM kA sRjana karatA hai| yAnIdUsare jIva ke lie svayaM karma nahIM krtaa| aura na hI karmaphala kA saMyoga karAtA hai| jagat ke jIva apane-apane karmAnusAra svAbhAvika rUpa se (svayaM karma meM ) pravRtta hote haiM (aura svayaM hI usakA phala bhogate haiM) / ' duHkha jIva ke dvArA pramAda ke kAraNa kiyA gayA hai jitane bhI karma haiM, una sabakA phala sukha yA duHkha rUpa meM AtA hai| zubha karma kA phala sukharUpa hotA hai aura azubha karma kA phala duHkhruup| eka prakAra se duHkha karma kA paryAya-vAcaka bana gayA hai| isI dRSTi se sthAnAMgasUtra meM eka praznottarI prastuta kI gaI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA gayA hai- "bhagavan! duHkha kisane kiyA hai ?" bhagavAn ne kahA"duHkha jIva ne hI apane pramAda ke kAraNa utpanna kiyA hai|" gautamAdi ne pUchA - "bhaMte! yaha duHkha kaise naSTa hotA hai ?" bhagavAn ne kahA- "apramAda se duHkhakSaya hotA hai| "2 221 isa praznottarI se spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai ki jitane bhI duHkha rUpa karma haiM, una sabakA kartA aura bhoktA tathA vikartA (kSayakartA) AtmA hI hai, paramAtmA yA aura koI na to kisI ke sukha-duHkha rUpa karma kA kartA hai, na bhoktA hai| sukha-duHkha kA kartA aura vikartA AtmA hI hai uttarAdhyayana sUtra bhI isa tathya kA samarthana karatA hai ki AtmA hI (apane lie) sukha-duHkhoM kA kartA hai, vahI vikartA (bhoktA yA kSayakartA ) hai | jIva dvArA karma karane se duHkha hotA hai, duHkha rUpa phala bhogatA hai sthAnAMgasUtra meM phira anyatIrthikoM dvArA isa sambandha meM prazna uThAyA gayA hai aura bhagavAn ne usakA samucita samAdhAna diyA hai- "bhagavan ! anyatIrthika isa prakAra kahate 1. na kartRtvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prabhuH / na karmaphala saMyogaM, svabhAvastu pravartate // -bhagavadgItA 5/14 2. ( pra . ) " se NaM bhaMte! dukkhe keNa kaDe ? (u.) jIveNa kaDe pamANa / (pra.) se NaM bhaMte! dukkhe kahaM veijjai ? (u.) appamAeNaM / - sthAnAMga sthA. 3, u. 2 sU. 166 3. 'appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa y|' - uttarA. a. 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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222 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) haiM, batAte haiM, aura prarUpaNA karate haiM ki bhramaNa nirgranthoM ke mata meM karma kisa prakAra duHkharUpa hote haiM ?" pUrvokta cAra bhaMgoM meM se ve yaha nahIM pUchate ki jIva ke dvArA pUrvakRta karma duHkharUpa hote haiM, yA nahIM hote haiM ? ve yaha pUchate haiM ki jIva ke dvArA jo karma pUrvakRta nahIM haiM, kyA ve duHkharUpa hote haiM ? arthAt kyA akRtakarma prANiyoM ko duHkha rUpa phala pradAna karate haiM? kyoMki anyatIrthikoM (akRta karma ko duHkha kA kAraNa mAnane vAle vAdiyoM) kA yaha mata hai ki jIva dvArA karma kiye binA hI duHkha hotA hai| karmoM kA sparza (bandha) kiye binA hI duHkha hotA hai| kiye jAne vAle aura kiye hue karmoM ke binA hI duHkha hotA hai, tathA prANI, bhUta, jIva aura sattva karma kiye binA hI usakA phala vedana karate - bhogate haiN| "kyA yaha kathana satya hai ?" isake uttara meM bhagavAn ne kahA- "jo loga aisA kahate haiM, ve mithyA kahate haiM, merA kathana tathA prajJApana-prarUpaNa isa prakAra hai - ( jIva dvArA) karma karane se duHkha (rUpa phala) hotA hai| karmoM kA sparza karane se duHkha hotA hai, kriyamANa aura kRta karmoM se duHkha hotA hai; tathA prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattva karma karake usakA phala vedana karate - bhogate haiM, aise kahanA caahie|"" duHkha kA utpAdaka tathA phalabhoktA : svayaM jIva hI bhagavatIsUtra meM bhI isI prakAra kA prazna uThAyA gayA hai, ki duHkha kauna utpanna karatA hai, kauna duHkha rUpa phala bhogatA hai ? vahA~ bhI AtmA ko duHkha kA kartA aura bhoktA batAyA gayA hai| 2 karmabandhana se baddha, karmabandha niSpAdayitA pariNAmayitA hI karmabhoktA hai prajJApanA sUtra ke 23 veM karmapada meM karma ke kartRtva ke sambandha meM zAstrakAra ne tIna zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai - " jIveNaM kaDassa, jIveNaM Nivvattiyassa, jIveNaM pariNAmiyassa" / isakA bhAvArtha hai- karmabandhana se baddha jIva ke dvArA kRta, jIva ke dvArA jJAnAvaraNIyAdi ke rUpa meM niSpAdita (vyavasthApita) tathA jIva ke dvArA pariNAmita aNNautthiyA . evaM parUveMti - kahaNa samaNANaM niggaMthANaM kiriyA kajjai ? tattha jAsA kaDA kajjai, no taM pucchaMti, tattha jA sA kaDA no kajjai, no taM pucchaMti; tattha jA sA akaDA no kajjai, no taM pucchaMti, tattha jA sA akaDA kajjai, taM pucchaMti / se evaM vattavvaM siyA ?" akiccaM dukkhaM, aphusaM dukkhaM akajjamANakaDaM dukkhaM akaTTu akaTTu pANA bhUyA jIvA sattA veyaNaM veti tti vattavyaM, je te evamAhaMsu micchA te evamAhesu / ahaM puNa evamAikkhAmi ... evaM parUvemi" kiccaM dukkhaM, phussaM dukkhaM, kajjamANakaDaM dukkhaM kaTTu kaTTu pANA bhUyA jIvA satA veyaNaM veyaMti tti vattavvaM siyA // - sthAnAMga 3/2/167 sU. 2. bhagavatIsUtra 6 /10/257 9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 223 (jJAnapradveSa, jJAna-ninhava Adi viziSTa kAraNoM se uttarottara rAgAdi tIvra yA manda pariNAma bhI) karmabandhana baddha jIva ke hotA hai, karmabandhanamukta jIva ke nhiiN| ataH karmabandhana-baddha jIva hI karma kA kartA hai, niSpannakartA hai aura pariNamanakartA hai|' isa sambandha meM naiyAyika vaizeSikoM dvArA yaha zaMkA prastuta kI jAtI hai ki (sAMsArika) jIva ajJa hai| use apane sukha-duHkha kA bhAna nahIM hai| isalie vaha karma karane aura phala bhogane meM svatantra nahIM hai| Izvara yA koI adRzya zakti usase jaisA cAhatI hai, vaisA karma karAtI hai, aura phala bhI vahI bhugavAtI hai| parantu jaina darzana isa mAnyatA ko yukti, sUkti aura anubhUti ke viruddha mAnatA hai| isa sambandha meM "karmavAda para prahAra aura parihAra' nAmaka nibandha meM paryApta prakAza DAlA hai| phira bhI yahA~ usake sambandha meM kiMcit vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai| Izvara karmaphala pradAtA nahIM hai : kyoM aura kaise? . Izvara-kartRtvavAdiyoM dvArA yaha tarka bhI prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ki corI, DakaitI, Adi aparAdha karane vAlA vyakti svayaM usa-usa aparAdha kA phala bhoganA nahIM cAhatA; nyAyAdhIza yA daNDanAyaka daNDita karake use usake aparAdha kA phala bhugavAtA hai| vaise hI jagat ke sabhI jIvoM ko unake acche aura bure karma kA phala dene (bhugavAne) vAlA bhI koI anya honA caahie| isa dRSTi se kucha dArzanikoM aura dharma-sampradAyoM ne Izvara ko phaladAtA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| jabaki jainakarma-vijJAna isa mantavya ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| jainakarma-vijJAna kA mantavya hai ki karma karane aura usakA phala bhogane kI zakti svayaM jIva meM nihita hai| use vaha zakti kahIM bAhara se lAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| AtmA (jIva) meM apanA svayaM kA kartRtva aura svayaM kA hI bhoktRtva vidyamAna hai| Izvara ne sRSTi kA nirmANa kisa.prayojana se kiyA : eka anuttarita prazna ___ eka aura prazna hai-Izvara ke dvArA sRSTi ke kartRtva evaM jagat ke jIvoM ko acche bure phala-pradAtRtva ke sambandha meN| vaha yaha hai ki Izvara ne sRSTi kA nirmANa kyoM 1. (ka) prajJApanAsUtra khaNDa 3 pada 23 u. 1 kA mUla pATha sU. 1679 tathA padoM ke vizeSArtha (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR. 19 (kha) jIvastu karmabandhanabaddho bhagavato vIrasya (mate) krtaa| santatyanAdyaM ca tadiSTa karmAtmanaH krtuH|| -prajJApanA pada 23 meM uddhRta 2. (ka) ajJo janturamIzo'yaAtmanaH sukhduHkhyo| Izvaraprerito gacchet svarga yA zvabhrameva vaa|| (kha) aNNANI hu anAtho appaa| tassa ya suhaM ca dukkhaM c| 'saggaM NirayaM gamaNaM savvaM IsarakayaM hodi| . -gommaTasAra 880 For Personal & Private Use Only

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224 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) aura kisalie kiyA? vaha jagat ke nirmANa, niyaMtraNa aura vyavasthA ke prapaMca meM kyoM par3atA hai ? vaha kyoM acchA-burA karma karane vAle ko acchA-burA phala pradAna karatA hai? isake pIche usakA kyA prayojana hai? IzvarakartRtvavAdI ke samakSa ye prayojana sambandhI jaTila prazna jaba Ate haiM, taba unakA yathArtha santoSajanaka samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| yadi ve yaha kaheM ki karuNA se prerita hokara Izvara aisA karatA hai; ataH karuNA usakA prayojana thii| arthAt Izvara ke antar meM karuNA jAgI aura usane sRSTi kA sRjana kiyaa| taba pratiprazna hotA hai-yaha . (karuNAtmaka) prayojana kaba paidA huA? yadi kaheM ki jisa dina Izvara kA janma huA, usI dina karuNA nAmaka prayojana paidA huA, taba isakA artha yaha hogA ki Izvara aura jagat kA janma eka sAtha huaa| yadi Izvara pahale se hI thA, aura prayojana bAda meM kabhI paidA huA, taba prazna hogA-prayojana bAda meM kyoM paidA huA, pahale kyoM nahIM? ina praznoM kA siddhAnta aura yukti se saMgata koI samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| Izvara dvArA karuNA se prerita hokara sRSTikartRtva bhI pratyakSa asiddha Izvara kA sRSTi-kartRtva karuNAtmaka prayojana se huA hai, yaha bhI tarkasaMgata nahIM hai| vartamAna sRSTi meM jahA~ itanI hatyA, daMgA, AtaMka, dhokhebAjI, chala-phareba Adi krUratAeM pratyakSa dRSTigocara ho rahI haiM vahA~ Izvara kI karuNA kI bAta samajha meM nahIM aatii| dUsare bhI jitane prayojana saSTikartatva tathA jagata ke jIvoM ko karmaphala pradAtatva ke sambandha meM prastuta kiye jAte haiM, unakI bhI koI yuktisaMgata vyAkhyA prastuta nahIM kI jaatii| ina samagra dArzanika dRSTibinduoM ke AdhAra se jainadarzana ne Izvara ke dvArA sRSTikartRtva aura karmaphala-pradAtRtva ke tathya se inkAra kara diyaa|' upaniSad meM Izvara ke jagat-kartRtva ke pIche yaha tarka prastuta kiyA gayA hai-- "eko'haM bahusyAm'-maiM akelA hU~, bahuta ho jAU~, isa prakAra Izvara ne apane ekAkIpana ko dUra karane ke lie anekasaMkhyAtmaka jagat kA nirmANa kiyaa| yaha kalpanA bhI Izvara jaise sarvazaktimAn aura samartha ke lie yuktisaMgata aura ucita nahIM pratIta hotii| yaha huA dArzanika dRSTikoNa se IzvarakartRtvavAda evaM Izvara dvArA karmaphala pradAtRtvavAda kA nirAkaraNa! 1. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa , pR. 105-106. 2. eko'haM bhusyaam|' -upaniSad For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 225 dhArmika dRSTikoNa se bhI IzvarakartRtva evaM phaladAtRtva asiddha hai / ___ dhArmika dRSTikoNa se bhI Izvara dvArA sRSTikartRtva evaM karmaphalapradAtRtva siddha nahIM hotaa| jaba sabhI kucha Izvara kI icchA se hotA hai, vahI karane-na karane tathA anyathA karane meM samartha hai, jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI karane-na karane tathA anyathA karane kI svataMtratA nahIM hai| isakA matalaba hai jIva apanI icchA se kucha bhI nahIM kara sakatA / spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to jIva Izvara ke hAthoM kI kaThaputalI hai| manuSya yA anya prANI bhI Aja jaisA hai, vaisA hI jIvana-paryanta rahe, usameM raddobadala kA use koI adhikAra nahIM hai| yaha mAnyatA dhArmika siddhAnta ke viparIta hai| dharma (saMvara-nirjarAmaya athavA samyagdarzanAdi ratnatrayamaya dharma) kI sAdhanA vyakti ke jIvana parivartana ke lie, jIvana ke abhyudaya ke lie evaM karmakSaya karake Atmika vikAsa ke lie hai| yadi kisI bhI prakAra ke parivartana karane kA adhikAra manuSya yA kisI prANI ko nahIM hai to ahiMsA Adi kI sAdhanA aura bAhya-Abhyantara tapasyA kA koI artha nahIM raha jaataa| jainadarzana ne pratyeka prANI ko svayaM kartRtva kA, svayaM parivartana kA adhikAra diyA hai| agara Izvara kartatvavAda yA Izvara dvArA phaladAtRtvavAda meM parivartana aura pragati kA adhikAra kisI prANI ko nahIM hai to vyakti kI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra evaM samyaktapa kI, karma-mokSa kI, yA kRtsnakarma-kSaya kI (mokSamArga kI) sAdhanA nirarthaka ho jAtI hai| phira to yahI mAnA jAegA ki jisakA jaisA svabhAva hai, jitanA Atma vikAsa hai, jitanA Atmaniyamana hai utanA hI aura vaisA hI rahegA, usameM parivartana ko koI avakAza yA adhikAra vyakti ko nahIM hai| jainadarzana jIva ke dvArA svayaM kartRtva ko, svayaM AloddhAra ko tathA svayaM parivartana aura pragati ko svIkAra karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainakarmavijJAna vyakti ko krodha, ahaMkAra, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa, hAsya, zoka, bhaya, juguptA (ghRNA), moha, mada, kAma Adi mohanIya karma ke vikAroM para vijaya prApta karane kI svataMtratA detA hai| isI AdhAra para prathama guNasthAna se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAna taka pahu~cane kI tathA apane meM * parivartana kI svataMtratA jainadarzana detA hai| dhyAna, svAdhyAya, tapa, Adi kI tathA ratnatraya kI sAdhanA paddhati kA vikAsa parivartana ke siddhAnta para AdhArita hai| IzvarakartatvavAda vyakti ke parivartana aura vikAsa meM bAdhaka hai|' isalie dhArmika dRSTi se bhI IzvarakartRtvavAda manuSya kI pragati aura parivartanazIlatA meM bAdhaka hai| jaba dhArmika dRSTi se AtmA ko parivartana aura abhyudaya kA adhikAra nahIM hai, to aise kartA-dhartA Izvara kA astitva manuSya ke lie hAnikara, saMkaTakAraka aura 9. jaina darzana aura anekAnta se (bhAvAMzagrahaNa) pR. 106-108 For Personal & Private Use Only

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226 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) khataranAka hai| vyakti ke dvArA pragati aura parivartana ke adhikAra kA asvIkAra manuSya ko sthiti-sthApaka, gatAnugatika, rUr3hivAdI aura nirAzAvAdI banA detA hai| jaba pragati aura parivartana donoM mAnava ke hAtha meM nahIM haiM, tathAkathita Izvara ke hAtha meM haiM to manuSya akiMcitkara aura IzvaramukhApekSI bana jAtA hai| phalataH apanI-apanI dharma-sampradAya-paramparA ke tathAkathita Izvara kI khuzAmada, cApalUsI evaM andhabhakti karake pApa-mAphI kA phatavA le lete haiN| parantu isa prakAra se kisI bhI jIva ko taba taka pApa-mAphI nahIM mila sakatI, jaba taka vaha apane pApoM kI AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA, prAyazcitta Adi dvArA zuddhi na krle| arthAt apane jIvana meM jaba taka vyakti svayaM parivartana evaM abhyudaya kI sAdhanA na karale, taba taka pApakarmoM se yA karmoM se mukti nahIM mila sktii| naitika dRSTikoNa se bhI IzvarakartRtvavAda asaMgata hai IzvarakartRtvavAda para naitika dRSTi se vicAra karane para bhI vaha asaMgata lagatA hai| parivartana aura abhyudaya vyakti ke svayaM saMkalpa para AdhArita hai| yadi vyakti ko svayaM saMkalpa karane kI svataMtratA nahIM hai to vaha apane kRtakarma ke prati uttaradAyI kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki yadi vyakti kA kRta IzvarAdhIna hai to uttaradAyI Izvara hai, na ki vykti| vaha to yahI kahegA ki Izvara ne acchA yA burA jaisA karAyA, usane kara liyaa| isa dRSTi se vaha apane dvArA IzvarAdhIna yA Izvaraprerita hokara kiye gaye acche yA bure karma kA uttaradAyI kyoM banegA? tathAkathita Izvara ne jaba jaisA aura jisa prakAra se karAyA, usane taba vaisA, aura usa prakAra se kara liyaa| isameM jimmebAra karAne vAlA hai, karane vAlA nhiiN| phira to yaMtramAnavavat mAnava bhI kRtakarma ke prati uttaradAyI nahIM rahegA ___ eka yaMtra hai, yA lohanirmita mAnava (roboTa) hai, vaha thor3I dUra calatA hai aura golI calA detA hai, jisase nirdoSa vyakti mArA jAtA hai| prazna hotA hai-roboTa jimmevAra hai, usa aparAdha ke lie yA roboTa ko calAne vAlA hai ? roboTa to bilkula uttaradAyI nahIM hai, uttaradAyI hai yaMtramAnava (roboTa) ko calAne vAlA; kyoMki yaMtramAnava usI prakAra calatA hai, jisa prakAra mAnava use calAtA hai| yadi manuSya tathAkathita Izvara (kartRtvavAdI) ke samakSa vaisA hI yaMtra-mAnava hai to vaha apane dvArA kRtakarma ke prati uttaradAyI nahIM ho sktaa| naitika dRSTi se yaha eka jaTila pahelI hai, jise sulajhAnA IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM ke vaza kI bAta nahIM hai| jaba sArI bAjI IzvararUpa bAjIgara ke hAtha meM sauMpa dI jAtI hai taba jIva dvArA kRta acche yA bure karma kA phalabhogakartA bhI vahI (Izvara) honA caahie| 1. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMzagrahaNa, pR. 107 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 227 isIlie jainakarmavijJAna ne Izvara ke dvArA kartRtva athavA phala pradAtRtva ke prazna para gambhIratA se vicAra karate hue pratyeka pakSa kA khaNDana kiyA aura yaha pratipAdita kiyA ki Izvara kisI kA utthAna yA patana karane vAlA nahIM hai| AtmA svayaM hI apanA utthAna aura patana karatA hai| jaba AtmA svabhAva dazA meM ramaNa karatA hai, taba apanA utthAna karatA hai, jaba AtmA vibhAvadazA meM ramaNa karatA hai, taba usakA patana hotA hai| vibhAvadazA meM ramaNa karane vAlI AtmA hI vaitaraNI nadI aura kUTa zAlmalI vRkSa hai, tathA svabhAvadazA meM ramaNa karane vAlI AtmA kAmadhenu aura nandanavana hai| zubhamArga para calane vAlA AtmA apanA mitra hai aura azubha- viSama mArga para calane vAlA AtmA svayaM hI apanA zatru hai|' gItA meM IzvarakartRtvavAda ke badale AtmakartRtvavAda kA samarthana bhagavadgItA meM arjuna ke dvArA pUche gaye eka prazna kA uttara bhI IzvarakartRtvavAda ke viruddha hai| arjuna ne jijJAsAvaza pUchA - "manuSya jAna-bUjha kara na cAhate hue bhI kisa kI preraNA se pApa karma karatA hai ? kauna use jabardastI pApa karma meM pravRtta ( niyukta) kara detA hai ?" isa prazna kA uttara dete hue zrI kRSNa kahate haiM -- "manuSya ke antaHkaraNa meM janma-janmAntara se par3e hue kAma ( kAmanA, vAsanA, rAga, moha Adi) evaM krodha (uttejanA, ghRNA, dveSAdi kI tIvratA ); jo ki rAjoguNa se utpanna hote haiN| ve mahApApakarma (mahAmohanIya karma) jIvoM ko cirakAla taka apane caMgula meM phaMsAe rakhate haiN| inhIM ko tU `zatru smjh|2 pApakarma meM balAt niyukta yA pravRtta karane vAlA apanA bhAvakarma hI kurukSetra ke maidAna meM karmayogI zrI kRSNa ne pApakarma meM balAt dhakelane vAlA Izvara yA kisI adRzya zakti ko nahIM kahA hai| kintu zrI kRSNa kA spaSTa aura sIdhA uttara hai ki jIva ke antara meM sthita mahApApa karma karAne vAle mahAzana (atIva vyApaka) kAma aura krodha, jainadarzana kI bhASA meM kaheM to rAga aura dveSa (athavA krodhAdi 1. (ka) uddharedAtmanA''tmAnamAtmAnamavasAdayet / Atmaiva hyAtmano bandhurAtmaiva ripurAtmanaH // " (kha) appA naI veyaraNI, appA me kUDasAmalI / appA kAmaduhANU, appA me naMdaNaM vaNaM // (ga) "appAmittamamitta ca duSpaTThiya suppaTThio" 2. (ka) atha kena prayukto'yaM pApaM carati pUruSaH / anicchannapi vArSNeya ! balAdiva niyojitaH ?" - uttarAdhyayana 20/36 -vahI, 20/37 kAma eSa krodha eSa rajoguNa-samudbhavaH / mahAzano mahApApmA viddhayenamiha vairiNam // -- bhagavadgItA a. 3, zloka 37-38 For Personal & Private Use Only -gItA

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228 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kaSAya- nokaSAya) hI pApa karma meM pravRtta karate haiN| karmavijJAna kI bhASA meM kaheM to jIva kA pUrvabaddhasaMskAra rUpa bhAvakarma hI use pApakarma meM pravRtta karatA hai| yahA~ bhI prakArAntara se IzvarakartRtva ke badale AtmakartRtva kA siddhAnta pratiphalita hotA hai| mahAbhArata meM duryodhana se pUchA jAtA hai ki " tumhArI rAja sabhA meM aneka dharmazAstrI, samAja-zAstrI, nItizAstravettA, itihAsajJa evaM paurANika vidvAn haiM, ve tumhe una-una zAstroM meM vihita dharma, nIti aura kartavya kI preraNA dene vAle sUtravacana sunAte haiM, tumheM nIti aura dharma kA, kartavya aura dAyitva kA jJAna bhAna bhI hai, phira bhI kyA kAraNa hai, tuma dharma aura nIti ke una niyamoM para cala nahIM pAte ?" 1 isake uttara meM duryodhana kahatA hai "dharma kyA hai ? yaha maiM bhalIbhAMti jAnatA hU~, kintu dharma meM merI pravRtti nahIM hai| maiM adharma ko bhI jAnatA hU~, kintu adharmAcaraNa se nivRtta (virata) nahIM ho paataa| mere hRdaya meM koI na koI durdeva (AsurI bhAva yA mohAdi durbhAva ) baiThA huA hai, vaha mujhe jisa-jisa kArya (sukRtya yA duSkRtya) meM niyukta karatA hai, arthAt vaha mujhe jaisA-jaisA sujhAtA hai, vaisA-vaisA maiM karatA huuN|'"" yaha duSTabhAva yA durdeva athavA pUrvokta kAma-krodhAdi durbhAva aura koI nahIM, AtmA kI azuddha dazA meM hone vAle rAgadveSa, moha yA kaSAyAdi vikAra haiM, vaibhAvika bhAva haiM, jinake kAraNa vaha zubhAzubha karmoM meM pravRtta hotA hai| isIlie kahA gayA ki azuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se AtmA apane rAgAdi vaibhAvika bhAvoM--bhAvakarmoM kA kartA hai| bhogoM ke tyAga karane kI asamarthatA : brahmadatta cakrI ke dvArA isI prakAra cittamuni ne jaba sambhUti ke jIva ko bhogamArga (preyamArga) chor3a kara tyAga (zreya) mArga kI ora mur3ane kA kahA to usane uttara meM yahI kahA- maiM yaha saba jAnatA huA bhI daladala meM phaMse hue hAthI kI taraha (pUrvanidAnakRtakarmodayavaza) kAmabhogoM meM pha~sa kara unake adhIna niSkriya ho gayA huuN| tyAgamArga ke zubha pariNAmoM ko dekhatA huA bhI usa ora eka kadama bhI nahIM bar3hA sktaa| Apa jisa prakAra mujhe sAMsArika padArthoM kI anityatA aura azaraNyatA ke viSaya meM upadeza de rahe haiM, use maiM bhI samajha rahA hU~ ki ye bhoga asaMgakAraka (Asakti meM bAMdhane vAle) hote haiM, kintu hama jaise 9. jAnAmi dharmaM na ca me pravRttiH jAnAmyadharmaM na ca me nivRttiH / kenA'pi devena hRdi sthitena, yathA niyukto'smi tathA karomi // For Personal & Private Use Only --mahAbhArata

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 229 logoM ke lie to ye durjeya haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki karma kA kartA jIva svayaM hI hai, Izvara kI preraNA se kartA nhiiN| pratyeka AtmA karma karane meM svataMtra hai jainakarma-vijJoM ne karma ke kartRtva para svataMtrarUpa se cintana kiyA aura prathama siddhAntasUtra diyA--'pratyeka AtmA karma karane meM svataMtra hai| paMcAstikAya meM kahA gayA hai--"sabhI AtmA prabhu aura svayambhU haiM, ve kisI ke vazIbhUta nahIM haiN|" pratyeka AtmA apane zarIra kA svAmI svayaM hai| spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to--samasta prANI apane acche-bure karmoM ke lie svayaM uttaradAyI haiN| jIva cAhe to zubhakarmapUrvaka apanA pUrNa vikAsa karake jJAnAdi anantacatuSTaya prApta kara sakatA hai, aura cAhe to duSkarma karake svayaM abhavya, pApI yA anAcArI banA raha sakatA hai| ___ yadi vyakti kA apane kRta karma kA saMkalpa svataMtra nahIM hai, parAdhIna yA IzvarAdhIna hai, to vaha apane kRtakoM ke prati uttaradAyI nahIM ho sktaa| jainadarzana ke anusAra jIva saMkalpa karane meM svataMtra hai, isalie vaha kRtakarma ke prati svayaM jimmevAra hai| vaha zubha yA azubha karma karane meM svataMtra hai, isalie use zubhakarma kA zubha aura azubha karma kA azubha phala milatA hai| paMcAstikAya TIkA meM kahA gayA hai--"AtmA (azuddha) nizcayanaya kI apekSA se bhAvakoM kA aura vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se dravyakarma, Amnava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa prApta karane meM svayaM Iza (samartha) hone se 'prabhu' hai| AtmA kI prabhutA-samarthatA yaha hai ki vaha zubha pravRtti ke dvArA aizvaryazAlI bane, zubha padArthoM kA upabhoga kare, ananta sukha kA anubhava kare, athavA duSpravRtti karate hue dIna-duHkhI banakara ananta duHkhoM ko bhoge tathA janma-maraNa ke cakra meM ghUmatA rahe, yaha usakI svataMtratA hai| isa dRSTi se zubha-azubhakarma kA uttaradAyI svayaM (vyakti) hai| ataH . dArzanika dRSTi se IzvarakartRtva kI dhAraNA samyak nahIM haiN| 'naitika dRSTi se AtmA hI kRta kA naitika jimmedAra hai ___naitika dRSTikoNa se bhI IzvarakartRtvavAda yathArtha siddha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki kRta kA naitika jimmedAra vyakti svayaM hai| vaha apane uttaradAyitva se chUTa nahIM sktaa| koI bhI 1. dekheM uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 13 gA. 27 se 30 taka kA vivecana (jainAgama prakAzana samiti vyAvara) pR. 217, 218, 219 2. (ka) paMcAstikAya 27 / (kha) jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 123 (ga) paMcAstikAya tattvadIpikA 27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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230 . karma-vijJAna : -bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) acchA-burA karma karatA hai, to use yaha uttaradAyitva lenA hotA hai ki vaha svayaM usake lie naitika dRSTi se uttaradAyI hai|" AdhyAtmika dRSTi se AtmA svayaM vikAsa karane meM prabhu hai dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika dRSTi se bhI IzvarakartRtvavAda kA siddhAnta galata siddha hotA hai| pratyeka vyakti ko apane Atmika vikAsa, Antarika parivartana evaM abhyudaya kA adhikAra hai| choTe-se-choTe prANI ko bhI ye adhikAra prApta hai| eka indriya vAlA prANI bhI vikAsa karate-karate paMcendriya taka, aura paMcendriya meM bhI manuSya taka pahu~ca jAtA hai|. manuSya banakara vaha AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ke patha para ArUr3ha hokara kramazaH kSINamoha nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna taka pahu~ca jAtA hai tathA tatpazcAt vItarAga, pUrNajJAnI, evaM siddha buddha paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| ' jIva kI prabhutvazakti kA vizleSaNa karate hue paMcAstikAya tAtparya vRtti meM kahA gayA hai--karma saMyukta jIva anAdikAla se bhAvakarma evaM dravyakarma ke udaya se zubhAzubha karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA banatA hai tathA sAnta yA ananta caturgatika saMsAra meM moha se AcchAdita hokara bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| isake viparIta karmamukta hone kI apekSA se jinendra prarUpita mArga para cala kara jIva samasta karmoM ko upazAnta yA kSINa karake jJAnAdirUpa mokSamArga ko prApta ho jAtA hai| isase spaSTa hai- AtmA prabhu hai / 2 jainadarzana dvArA AtmakartRtvavAda hI abhISTa hai, paramAtmakartRtvavAda nahIM jainadarzana ne AtmA ke isa vizleSNa dvArA AtmakartRtvavAda kI paripuSTi kI hai, jisase IzvarakartRtva kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai ki jIva Izvara kI preraNA se zubhAzubha karma karatA hai| Izvara hI use bandhana meM bAMdhatA aura mukta karatA hai| tInoM kAryoM meM Izvara kI AvazyakatA nahIM jainadarzana AtmakartRtvavAdI darzana hai| use IzvarakartRtvavAda kA siddhAnta mAnya nahIM hai| Izvara kartRtvavAda ke sAtha tIna kAryoM kI kalpanA kI gaI hai -- ( 1 ) vaha sRSTi kA kartA ho, (2) sRSTi kA niyantA ho, tathA (3) acche-bure karma kA phala bhugavAne vAlA ho| jainadarzana ne ina tInoM kAryoM ke lie Izvara kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa nahIM kii| sRSTi kA svayaM utpAda-vyaya ke rUpa meM pariNamana hotA rahatA hai jainadarzana jagat ko pravAha rUpa se anAdi mAnatA hai| tathA vaha (jagat) kisI ke dvArA banAyA huA nahIM hai, akRtrima hai| jIva aura pudgala ke saMyoga se pratyeka padArtha meM 1. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 107-108 2. paMcAstikAya tAtparyavRtti, TIkA gA. 69-70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma kA kartA kauna, phalabhoktA kauna ? 231 pariNamana--vaibhAvika parivartana hotA hai| yahI sRSTi hai, jo jIva aura pudgala ke dvArA nirmita hotI rahatI hai| sRSTi ke pratyeka padArtha kA utpatti aura vyaya ke rUpa meM pariNamana hotA rahatA hai, padArtha apane Apa meM nitya banA rahatA hai, usakI paryAyeM badalatI rahatI haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki jIva aura pudgala ke atirikta sRSTi-kartRtva ke lie tIsarI sattA ko mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| sRSTi kA niyaMtA bhI Izvara Adi koI nahIM ___jainadarzana ke anusAra sRSTi kA niyaMtA bhI koI nahIM hai| agara koI sarvazaktimAna niyantA hotA to sRSTi isa prakAra kI truTipUrNa, doSapUrNa tathA aneka avyavasthAoM se pUrNa na hotii| yadi sRSTikartA tathAkathita Izvara sarvazaktimAn nahIM hai to vaha samagra sRSTi kA niyamana akelA nahIM kara sktaa| ataH niyantA kI bAta yuktisaMgata nahIM pratIta hotii| sRSTi kA niyamana sarvabhaumika niyamoM dvArA ____ jaina darzana sRSTi kA niyamana niyama-sArvabhauma niyama ke dvArA mAnatA hai, niyantA ke dvArA nhiiN| sArvabhauma niyama akRtrima haiM, traikAlika haiM, jIva aura pudgala ke 'svayaMbhU' niyama haiN| ve kisI ke dvArA nirmita nahIM haiN| kisI jIva ko devagati pAnA hai yA mokSa pAnA hai to vaha usa-usa niyama ke anusAra jaaegaa| yaha sArI prAkRtika evaM svayaMkRta vyavasthA hai;bAhara se nirmita yA Aropita nahIM hai| isalie niyaMtA kI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotii| Izvara ko niyantA mAnane para doSApattiyA~ ___ jahA~ Izvara ko niyaMtA mAnA jAegA to vahA~ saba kucha Izvara kI marjI para chor3a diyA gyaa| na to vahA~ karmavAda kI AvazyakatA par3I aura na puruSArtha kii| Izvara ke dvArA samyak vyavasthA nahIM baiThI to karmavAda ko bIca meM lAnA pdd'aa| Izvara kisI ko acchA aura burA phala kyoM detA hai? yaha prazna jaba IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM ke samakSa AyA to unhoMne kahA-"Izvara prANI ke acche-bure karma ke anusAra acchA-burA phala detA hai|" tAtparya yaha hai ki karmavAda ke binA vyavasthA samyak nahIM ho sakI, antatogatvA saba kucha karmavAda se hI honA hai, taba Izvara ko bicoliyA banAne kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? yaha eka prakAra se prakriya-gaurava hai jise sahana nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie|' ataH Izvara na to sRSTi kA kartA hai, na hI jIvoM ke karmoM kA preraka yA niyaMtA hai| svayaM AtmA hI karma kA kartA hai, vahI bhoktA hai tathA karma hI svayaM niyaMtA hai| " 1. (ka) jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 104-105, 112 . (kha) prakriyAgauravaM yatra, taM pakSaM na shaamhe| prakriyAlAghavaM yatra, taM pakSaM rocayAmahe / / --tarka zAstra For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? jIva ko karmoM kA phala Izvara detA hai : vaidika Adi dharmoM kA mantavya Izvara ko jagat kA kartA-dhartA-saMhartA mAnane vAle dharmoM aura darzanoM kA yaha mantavya hai ki jIva karma karane meM to svataMtra hai, kintu usakA phala bhogane meM parataMtra hai| arthAt-jIva ke dvArA kRta karmoM kA phala use bhugavAne vAlA Izvara hai, kyoMki vaha sarvajJa hai, sarvazaktimAna hai, jIva ko apane pichale aura isa janma meM pahale kiye hue zubha yA azubha kA svayaM ko jJAna nahIM hotaa| isa kAraNa saMsArI jIva alpajJa hone ke kAraNa svayaM hI apane pichale janmoM ke aura isa janma ke pUrva kRta karmoM kA hisAba lagAkara usakA yathAyogya zubhAzubha suphala athavA duSphala yA puraskAra athavA daNDa svayaM le le, yaha saMbhava nahIM hai| saMsAra meM sabhI prANI acche hI karma karate hoM, aisA nahIM hai| adhikAMza jIva bure karma karate haiN| parantu karma ke kartA jIva kA yaha prakRtisiddha svabhAva rahA hai ki vaha apane azubha karma kA phala pAnA nahIM cAhatA; karmajanya prakopa se vaha sadaiva dUrAtidUra bhAganA cAhatA hai| duHkha, kleza evaM viparIta paristhitiyA~ usake anukUla nahIM hotI, aisI sthiti meM viparIta AcaraNa evaM duSkarma karane vAle jIvoM ko svakRta duSkarma kA phala kaise milegA? kauna degA? ataeva apane duSkarma kA aura zubhakarma karane vAle jIvoM ko unake satkarma kA phala bhugavAne vAlA koI na koI taTastha evaM sarvajJa puruSa caahie| vaha niSpakSa puruSa Izvara hI hai, jise anya dharma vAle gaoNDa, khudA, allAha, Iza, akAla aura paramAtmA Adi kahate haiN| vaidika saMskRti ke mUrdhanya grantha mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai-"yaha (sAMsArika) jIva ajJa hai, apane sukha aura duHkha kA, dUsare zabdoM meM apane karma ke acche aura bure phala kA bhAna karane meM, arthAt-atIta aura vartamAna meM kRta pUrvakarmoM ko jAnane meM, vaha asamartha hai| isalie vaha karma karane meM bhale hI svataMtra ho, karmaphala bhogane meM svataMtra aura samartha nahIM hai| Izvara yA koI adRzya zakti use jaisA cAhatI hai, vaisA phala bhugavAtI hai| Izvara ke dvArA prerita hokara vaha svarga yA naraka meM jAtA hai|" For Personal & Private Use Only

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sukha-du:kha, , jIvana-maraNa Adi kI bAgaDora Izvara ke hAthoM meM karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 233 niSkarSa yaha hai ki vaidika saMskRti kI chAyA meM palane vAle katipaya bhaktimArgI aise bhI Ae, jinhoMne apane sukha-duHkha kI bAgaDora Izvara ke hAtha meM sauMpa dii| usI ke hAtha meM tArane-Dubone yA mArane-jilAne kI sattA sauMpa dii| unake andhavizvAsa aura Atmika sAmarthyahInatA ke anusAra yaha mAnA jAne lagA ki na apanA sukha apane hAtha meM hai aura na hI apanA duHkha apane hAtha meM hai| Izvara cAhe to kisI ko sukhI banA sakatA hai aura vaha cAhe to duHkhI kara sakatA hai| usakI icchA para nirbhara hai ki vaha kisI ko svarga meM bheja de, athavA jabarana naraka meM dhakela de|' vaidika mAnyatA : garbha se lekara mRtyuparyanta sabhI kArya-kalApa Izvara prerita vaidika vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki mAtA ke garbha meM Ane se lekara jIva ke janma, zaizava, yauvana, prauDhatva evaM vRddhatva tathA mRtyu- paryanta zarIra kA pAlana, poSaNa, saMvarddhana, saMrakSaNa, vikAsa yA hrAsa vahI ( Izvara hI) karatA hai| vahI jIva ko eka yoni se dUsarI yoni meM le jAtA hai| usa usa jIva ke pUrvakRta karmoM ke phalAnusAra * vividha aizvarya-sAmagrI juTAnA, bhojana-vastra sampanna yA vipanna karanA, jJAna kA vikAsa yA hrAsa karanA, bhAvanA meM vividhatA utpanna karanA tathA sukha-duHkha kI nAnA ghaTAnAoM aura kAryoM kA sampAdana karanA usI Izvara ke hAtha meM hai| karma jIva ke hAtha meM : phala IzvarAdhIna tAtparya yaha hai ki vaidika mAnyatAnusAra karma bhale hI jIva karale, parantu usakA phala dene vAlI dUsarI viziSTa cetana-zakti hai, jisakA nAma Izvara hai| vaha sarvajJa hai, sarvavyApaka haiM, sarvazaktimAn hai, dayAlu hai aura nyAyI hai| jIvoM ke zubha yA azubha karmoM ke phala kA phaisalA usI ke hAtha meM hai| vaha cAhe to phala de detA hai aura na cAhe to nahIM bhI detA! zubha kA azubha aura azubha kA zubha phala denA bhI usakI nyAyakAritA kI karAmAta hai| saba kucha usakI icchA para nirbhara hai| usakI icchA ke binA eka pattA bhI nahIM hila sktaa| isIlie usake lie kahA jAtA hai 1. (ka) ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukha-duHkhayo / Izvara-prerito gacchet svargaM vA zvabhrameva vA // (kha) karmavAda : eka adhyayana ( surezamuni) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 50-51 (ga) tulanA kareM - " aNNANI hu anAtho appA, tassa ya suhaM ca dukkhaM c| saggaM NirayaM gamaNaM, savvaM IsarakayaM hodi // " - gommaTasAra (karmakAMDa) gA. 880 2. karma-mImAMsA (sva. yuvAcArya zrI madhukaramuni) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 39 -mahAbhArata For Personal & Private Use Only

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234 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) "kartumakartumanyathAkartuM vA samarthaH IzvaraH / " Izvara karane, na karane athavA anyathA karane meM samartha hai| vahI akelA sarvazaktisampanna evaM sarvataMtra svataMtra hai|' bhagavadgItA meM bhI isI Azaya kA eka zloka aMkita hai| jisakA bhAvArtha hai"mere dvArA hI vihita (nizcita kiyA huA) aura icchita phaloM ko manuSya pAtA hai|" isa prakAra karmoM kA phala IzvarAdhIna hone se phala ke lie use IzvarecchA para nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai| vaidika saMskRti ke anugAmiyoM kA athana hai ki karma to jIva karatA hai, parantu karmaphala kA niyantA-pradAtA Izvara hai| jaisA ki gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI ne kahA hai"zubha aru azubha karma - anuhArI / Isa deI phala hRdaya vicArI // 3 arthAt jIva ke zubha aura azubha karma ke anusAra Izvara hRdaya meM vicAra kara phala detA hai| isa viSaya meM nyAyadarzana ke AcAryoM kA tarka yaha hai ki "bahudhA puruSakRta (sAMsArika jIva ke dvArA kiye hue karma kA ) tathArUpa phala nahIM dikhAI detA / " jaisekisI kisAna ne kheta meM gehU~ kA bIja boyA, kintu varSA na hone se, ativRSTi hone se, athavA TiDDIdala ke dvArA phasala ko naSTa kara dene se, athavA anya kisI kAraNa se use phasala nahIM milI, usakA kRSikarma (parizrama) niSphala ho gayA kintu usake gA~va ke hI dUsare kRSaka ko apane parizrama (kRSikarma) kA pUrA lAbha (phala) milaa| "isalie karma ke phala kA kAraNa Izvara hI ho sakatA hai, puruSa (saMsArI jIva) nhiiN| " Izvara dvArA karmaphalapradAna meM caturtha kAraNa Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnane ke pUrvokta tIna kAraNoM ke atirikta cauthA kAraNa yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki karma apane Apa meM jar3a haiN| unameM kisI ko acchA yA burA phala dene kA jJAna nahIM hai| isalie jIva ko phala dene vAlI Izvara nAma kI viziSTa caitanya zakti hai| 9. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa labhate ca tataH kAmAn mayaiva vihitAn hi tAn // 2. 3. tulasIkRta rAmAyaNa 4. "IzvaraH kAraNam puruSakarmA'phalasya darzanAt / " For Personal & Private Use Only -bhagavadgItA 7/22 -nyAyadarzana sU. 4/1

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 235 Izvara hI sabake bhAgya kA nirmAtA, trAtA evaM vidhAtA hai ___isa prakAra Izvara-kartRtvavAdI jitane bhI darzana, dharma-sampradAya, mata aura paMtha haiM; ve saba Izvara-paramapitA paramAtmA ko jIvoM kA bhAgya nirmAtA-bhAgya-vidhAtA mAnate haiN| unakI mAnyatA hai ki vizva meM jitane bhI cara-acara, sthAvara-jaMgama (trasa) choTe-bar3e jIva haiM, sabake bhAgya (zubhAzubha karma) mahala kA nirmAtA, trAtA, aura vidhAtA Izvara hai| bhAgya eka prakAra se pUrvakRta zubha-azubha karma kA phala hai| phalitArtha yaha huA ki jIvoM ke pUrvakRta zubhAzubha karmoM kA phaladAtA Izvara hai|' nyAyAdhIza kI taraha Izvara sabake karmoM kA nyAya karatA hai ise ve eka dRSTAnta ke dvArA samajhAte haiN| jaise-lokavyavahAra meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki koI AdamI kisI kI hatyA karatA hai, yA corI, DakaitI, balAtkAra Adi duSkarma karatA hai to usake phalasvarUpa prApta hone vAlA daNDa vaha svayaM nahIM bhogtaa| arthAt-na to vaha duSkarma use tatkAla daNDa detA hai, aura na hI vaha svayaM ukta duSkarma kA daNDa grahaNa karatA hai| ukta duSkarmI para nyAyAlaya meM abhiyoga (kesa) calAyA jAtA hai| nyAyAdhIza use usa duSkarma kI sajA sunAtA hai aura ukta duSkarma kA phala (daNDa) bhugavAne ke lie amuka adhikArI Adi ko Adeza detA hai| isI prakAra Izvara samagra sRSTi kA kartA-dhartA evaM saMcAlaka hai| sRSTi meM jo-jo prANI jaisAjaisA karma karatA hai, use jagat ke jIvoM ke karmaphala kA niyaMtA Izvara nyAyAdhIza kI taraha yathocita phaisalA sunAtA hai aura usa-usa jIva ko tadanusAra karmaphala bhugavAtA jainakarma vijJAna Izvara ko phaladAtA, bhAgya-vidhAtA nahIM mAnatA ". jainakarmavijJAna Izvara ko jIvoM ke karmaphala kA niyaMtA, phaladAtA aura bhAgyavidhAtA mAnane se sarvathA inkAra karatA hai| akATya yuktiyoM, sUktiyoM, anubhUtiyoM aura pramANoM se jainakarmavijJAna yaha siddha karatA hai ki niraMjana, nirAkAra, azarIrI aura karmoM se sarvathA mukta, sarvaduHkhoM se rahita, vItarAga, paramAtmA ko sAMsArika jIvoM ke karmoM kA phaisalA karane vAle, karmaphala-pradAtA nyAyAdhIza banAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM jainakarma vijJAna kA spaSTa kathana hai ki jIvoM ko apane pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala Izvara nAma kI koI viziSTa caitanya zakti nahIM detI; na hI aisI koI zakti phala detI huI 1. jJAna kA amRta (paM. jJAnamunijI) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 56 For Personal & Private Use Only

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236 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dikhAI detI hai| karmoM meM svayaM meM aisI zakti hai, jisake kAraNa jIva ko prAkRtika niyamAnusAra apane acche-bure karmoM kA phala, vaha cAhe yA na cAhe, milatA rahatA hai|' ___isI tathya kI puSTi bhagavadgItA meM kI gaI hai, jisakA bhAvArtha hai-"jagat ke jIvoM kA kartRtva tathA unake karmoM kA sRjana prabhu (Izvara) nahIM karatA, aura na hI unase karmaphala kA saMyoga karAtA hai| yaha saba svabhAvataH (karmoM kI prakRti ke niyamAnusAra) calatA rahatA hai| Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnane para aneka ApattiyA~ aura anupapattiyA~ sambhava ataH vaijJAnika dRSTi ko dhAraNa karane vAle jainakarma-vijJAna ne isa prakAra kA koI bhI adRzya phaladAtA IzvarIya zakti kA svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| usane kahA ki karma kA phala dene kI zakti svayaM karma ke svabhAva meM nihita hai| yadi Izvara ko jIvoM kA karmaphaladAtA nyAyAdhIza banAyA jAegA to aneka bAdhAe~ aura ApattiyA~ sAmane Akara khar3I ho jaaeNgii| jinakA yuktiyukta samAdhAna Izvara-kartRtvavAdiyoM ke pAsa nahIM isa sambandha meM hamane 'karmavijJAna' ke dvitIya khaNDa ke antargata 'karmavAda para prahAra aura parihAra' nAmaka nibandha meM paryApta prakAza DAlA hai| yaha to spaSTa hai ki IzvarakartRtvavAdI bhI Izvara ko azarIrI (niraMjana, nirAkAra) sarvajJa, zuddha (karmakalmaSa se tathA rAgAdi vikAroM se rahita) evaM sarvavyApI mAnate haiM; parantu Izvara ko sAMsArika jIvoM kA karmaphaladAtA mAnane para ina sabhI vizeSatAoM meM virodha prApta hotA hai| azarIrI Izvara zarIradhAriyoM ko kaise karmaphala de sakatA hai? (1) Izvara jaba azarIrI (zarIra-rahita) hai, taba vaha sthUlazarIradhAriyoM ko kaise vighna-bAdhA yA sahAyatA pahu~cA sakatA hai ? sthUlazarIradhArI sAMsArika jIvoM ko karmaphala ke rUpa meM daNDa yA puraskAra dene ke lie sthUla zarIra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| magara aisA 1. (ka) paMcama karmagrantha prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI) (kha) karma-mImAMsA (sva. yuvAcArya zrI madhukaramunijI) 2. "na kartRtvaM na karmANi, lokasya sRjati prbhuH|| na karmaphala saMyogaM svabhAvastu prvrtte||" -bhagavadgItA a. 5, zlo. 14 3. (ka) karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 69 (kha) dekheM-karmavijJAna dvitIya khaNDa ke 'karmavAda para prahAra aura parihAra' nAmaka nibandha pR. 295-301 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 237 koI sthUlazarIradhArI Izvara dikhAI nahIM detaa| yadi kaheM ki sUkSmazarIra ke dvArA vaha jagat ke jIvoM ko karmaphala bhugavAtA yA detA hai, parantu Izvara to niraMjana, nirAkAra, apaudgalika (abhautika), ekamAtra caitanyaghana saccidAnandasvarUpa (ananta-jJAnAdicatuSTaya-rUpa) hai| __nirAkAra Izvara kisI AkAra ko apanAkara karmaphala detA hai, to usakI nirAkArarUpatA samApta hotI hai| aura pratyakSarUpa se bhI sAkAra hokara nirAkAra paramAtmA kabhI kisI ko karmaphala dete-dilAte nahIM dekhA gayA hai| nirAkAra paramAtmA ke kArmaNa zarIra yA taijasa zarIra yA tathAkathita koI sUkSma zarIra bhI hai nahIM, ho bhI nahIM sakatA, jisase ki yaha saba kiyA jAnA sambhava ho ske| kadAcit yaha mAna bhI leM ki usake divyasUkSma zarIra hai, to bhI eka hI zarIra se itane vizAla samagra saMsAra meM yugapat citra-vicitra aneka kArya kiye jAne kaise sambhava ho sakate haiM ? Izvara kI sarvajJatA kevala jAnane rUpa hotI hai, karane rUpa nahIM (2) Izvara kI sarvajJatA to kevala jAnane rUpa hotI hai, vaha sarvajJatA ke dvArA kevala nirantara jJAtA draSTA raha sakatA hai, sarvajJatA se kartRtva to kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| sarvajJa saba jIvoM ko dravya-guNa-paryAyasahita jAna-dekha sakatA hai, kArya karane meM yAnI jIvoM ko karma karAne aura karmaphala dene ke prapaMca meM, vaha samartha nahIM hai| yAnI usakI sarvajJatA jIvoM ko sukha-duHkha dene meM kaise samartha ho sakatI hai? sarvajJatA vItarAgatA ke binA sambhava nahIM dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki sarvajJatA vItarAgatA ke binA kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki icchAvAn, rAgAdi vikAroM se yukta aura kaSAyAdi yA karma-kalmaSoM se yukta saMsArI jIvoM meM vItarAgatA nahIM hotI taba taka unameM sarvajJatA bhI nahIM pAI jaatii| vItarAga kabhI daNDa dene, karmaphala bhugavAne ke cakkara meM nahIM par3ate vItarAga vyakti dvArA karma karavAnA, phala bhugavAnA, daNDa denA-dilAnA Adi saba citra-vicitra duniyAdArI ke khela khelate rahanA yuktisaMgata hI nahIM hai| kyoMki vItarAga to nirantara jJAtA-draSTA huA karate haiM, kartA-dhartA-hartA yA karmaphaladAtA nhiiN|' lIlA karane vAlA yA icchAnurUpa khela karane vAlA Izvara mohI hogA; vItarAgI nahIM (3) Izvara kI icchAmAtra se yA usakI lIlAmAtra se yaha saba kucha honA bhI kisI prakAra gale nahIM utaratA; kyoMki eka to Izvara amUrtika, arUpI (nirAkAra) hai; dUsare, 1.. karma siddhAnta (jinendravarNI) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 4-5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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238 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5). vaha icchA se rahita hai| yadi maismerijma yA hipnoTijma jaisI sammohanI vidyA kI bhA~ti aisA honA mAna bhI liyA jAe to Izvara mohI siddha hogA usakI vItarAga to surakSita nahIM raha sakegI, kyoMki icchA, rAga, moha, Adi vItarAgatA ke virodhI haiN| ataH niraMjana nirAkAra tathA anantajJAnAdi catuSTaya sampanna Izvara jIvoM ko karma karavAne evaM phala bhugavAne ke prapaMca meM kyoM par3egA ? kRtakRtya Izvara ko sAMsArika jhaMjhaToM meM par3ane kA lobha aura rAga kyoM jagA ? (4) kisI bhI sarvavyApI vyakti vizeSa ke dvArA koI bhI kArya karanA sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki kriyA yA pravRtti karane ke lie mana-vacana-kAyA kA yoga (spandana yA hilanA DulanA) Avazyaka hai, jo una sarvathA yoganiruddha paramAtmA meM nahIM hai, tathA jaise AkAza sarvavyApI hone se hila-Dula nahIM sakatA, vaise hI tathAkathita Izvara kA hilanA-DulanA bhI asambhava hai| zuddha tattvarUpa Izvara paraspara virodhI kArya kaise kara sakatA hai ? IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM dvArA Izvara eka tathA zuddha evaM koI hAtha-paira vAlA vyakti na mAnakara avyakta tattvarUpa mAnA gayA hai| aisI sthiti meM zaMkA hotI hai ki eka zuddha tattva aneka duSTa, azuddha, citra-vicitra tathA paraspara virodhI kArya kaiseM kara sakatA hai ? yathA-gamana aura sthiti, sukha va duHkha, jJAna aura ajJAna, rAga aura virAga Adi paraspara virodhI haiN| nimitta rUpa se yadi kucha kara sakatA ho to bhI inameM se eka samaya meM koI eka hI kArya kara sakegA; sakala kArya nahIM / ityAdi anekoM bAteM Izvara ke dvArA phalapradAnarUpa kArya ke rUpa meM eka hI samaya meM kaise ho sakatI hai|' sAre saMsAra ke karma aura karmaphala kA hisAba evaM vyavasthA rakhanA Izvara ke lie sambhava nahIM Izvara ke dvArA jIvoM ko phaladAtRtva meM dUsarI bAdhA yaha hai ki itanA bar3A kArya karane ke lie, samagra loka meM yatra-tatra vyApta choTe-bar3e prANiyoM ke kSaNa-kSaNa ke karma aura karmaphala kA, tathA karmaphalasvarUpa daNDa- puraskAra Adi kA hisAba-kitAba rakhane meM use kitanA samaya lagegA? itanA samaya use kahA~ milegA ? agara dina aura rAta kA sArA samaya isI prapaMca meM bitA degA to apane AtmabhAvoM meM ramaNa kaba karegA ? ananta AdhyAtmika aizvarya-sampanna paramAtmA (Izvara) saMsAra ke pUrvokta prapaMca meM par3akara to apanA AdhyAtmika aizvarya hI kho degaa| phira use sAre saMsAra ke jIvoM ke karma aura 1. (ka) karma siddhAnta ( jinendravarNI) se bhAvAMzagrahaNa, pR-4-5 (kha) hu~ AtmA hu~ bhA. 1 ( pravaktA DaoN. tarulatAbAI svAmI) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 239 karmaphala kI vyavasthA ko kriyAnvita karane ke lie rAjya-vyavasthA kI taraha eka lambe caur3e kAryAlaya, bar3e-bar3e rajisTaroM, munImoM-gumAztoM, karmacAriyoM athavA sevakoM Adi kI AvazyakatA pdd'egii| vItarAga, karmamukta aura ananta AdhyAtmika aizvarya-sampanna kRtakRtya paramAtmA ko ina saba prapaMcoM meM par3ane kI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai ? yadi vaha vItarAga hokara bhI aisA karatA hai to usakA vItarAga vizeSaNa sArthaka kaise hogA? vaha to saMsArI jIvoM se bhI adhika prapaMcI aura ghora saMsArI ho jaaegaa|' Izvara sIdhA karmaphala nahIM detA, usakI preraNA se dUsare jIva dete haiM __yadi yaha kahA jAe ki kisI jIva ko dUsare jIvoM dvArA athavA paraspara eka dUsare ko sukha-duHkha milatA hai, parantu milatA to Izvara kI preraNA se hI hai| kyoMki karma kA phala to sukha yA duHkha ke rUpa meM AkhirakAra Izvara hI detA hai| aisI sthiti meM, jabaki Izvara svayaM sIdhA karmaphala nahIM detA, kintu usakI preraNA yA AjJA se hI to jIva zubhAzubha karma karatA hai, taba phira hatyAre, cora, DAka, vyabhicArI, Thaga, asatyabhASI, anyAyI-atyAcArI yA balAtkAra karane vAle yA kisI ko satAne vAle kisI bhI vyakti ko aparAdhI nahIM ThaharAyA jAnA cAhie, kyoMki ye saba kukRtya Izvara kI preraNA se hI hote haiN| aparAdha ke abhAva meM una vyaktiyoM ko karmaphala ke rUpa meM daNDa dene kA adhikAra bhI Izvara ko nahIM hai| Izvara ko bhAgya-vidhAtA mAnane para doSApatti ___ IzvarakartRtvavAdI jaba yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki Izvara samasta jIvoM kA bhAgya-vidhAtA tathA karmaphaladAtA hai, taba yaha bhI mAnanA par3egA ki mAnava ke jIvana meM sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke viruddha jitanI bhI burI pravRttiyA~ yA aprazasta kriyAe~ haiM, una sabakA preraka bhI Izvara hai| isa apekSA se una saba kukarmoM kA dAyitva bhI Izvara para A jAtA hai| yadi manuSya ke bhAgya kI racanA paramAtmA karatA hai; to yaha bhI mAnanA par3egA ki manuSya kA jaisA bhAgya paramAtmA ne banA diyA hai, tadanusAra hI vaha zubha-azubha karma karatA hai| usakA phala use nahIM milanA caahie| isa dRSTi se hatyA, lUTapATa, corI Adi pApakarma karane vAle kisI bhI vyakti ko aparAdhI yA doSI nahIM ThaharAyA jA sktaa| kyoMki ina vyaktiyoM ke dvArA Izvara una prANiyoM ko unake pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala bhugatA rahA hai| .. jaise-rAjA jina pulisa Adi vyaktiyoM dvArA aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa dilAtA hai, ve aparAdhI yA doSI nahIM mAne jAte; kyoMki ve to sirpha rAjA kI AjJA kA pAlana kara rahe 1. . karmavAda : eka adhyayana, se bhAvAMza grahaNa , pR. 70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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240 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) hote haiN| ataH kasAI, hatyArA, lampaTa, cora, DAka Adi vyakti bhI Izvara kI AjJA yA preraNA ke anusAra una-una jIvoM ke pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala bhugavAte haiN| Izvara ne hI pahale unake dvArA pUrvavat karmoM kA yahI phala nizcita kiyA hogA, tabhI to ve saba ye kArya kara rahe haiN| spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to Izvara kI preraNA se hI hatyArA kisI jIva kI hatyA karatA hai. cora kisI kI sampatti carAtA hai, vyabhicArI kisI strI para balAtkAra kara rahA hai, zikArI kisI vanyapazu kA vadha kara rahA hai| Izvara kI AjJA kA pAlana karane vAle yA Izvara-preraNA se kAma karane vAle bhalA doSI yA aparAdhI kaise ho sakate haiM ? Izvara ko nyAyAdhIza mAnane vAloM kI dRSTi meM to yaha saba Izvara kI icchA, AjJA, preraNA yA nyAya ke anusAra ho rahA hai| nyAyAdhIza kI gaddI para baiThane vAle Izvara kI AjJA ke anusAra hI to ye cora, DAkU, hatyAre Adi pulisa ke sipAhiyoM kI taraha kA kAma kara rahe haiM, phira unheM kArAgAra meM baMda kyoM kiyA jAtA hai, kyoM unheM kaThora daNDa diyA jAtA hai ? Izvara ne aisA bhAgya kyoM banAyA? tAtparya yaha hai ki bhAgyavidhAtA evaM karmaphaladAtA tathAkathita Izvara ne kisI vyakti kA aisA bhAgya kyoM banA diyA, jisake kAraNa use kasAI, cora, DAkU yA hatyAre kA dhaMdhA apanAnA par3A? unake isa prakAra ke bhAgya-nirmANa ke kAraNa kasAI apane svabhAvAnusAra mUka pazuoM kA vadha karake unakI jIvana-lIlA samApta kara detA hai, cora dUsaroM ke dhana kA apaharaNa karatA hai, aura logoM ko saMkaTa meM DAla detA hai| DAkU DAke DAlakara sampatti lUTa letA hai, usa ghara ke logoM kI hatyA karatA hai, mAratA-pITatA hai, aura sAre parivAra ko duHkha sAgara meM dhakela detA hai| ye cora, DAkU, kasAI yA hatyAre jo bhI pApakarma karate haiM, aura janatA ko bhayaMkara pIr3A pahu~cAte haiM, usameM unakA koI doSa nahIM mAnA jAnA cAhie kyoMki tathAkathita Izvara unheM kasAI, cora, DAkU yA hatyAre na banAtA to ve aise nIca karma na krte| Izvara ko bhAgyavidhAtA mAnane para yahI mAnanA anivArya ho jAtA hai ki manuSya yA pazu ke jIvana meM jo bhI pApamaya azubha pravRttiyA~ hotI haiM, una sabakA jimmevAra Izvara haiN|' buddhi kI duSTatA Izvarapradatta hone se ghAtakoM kI durbuddhirUpa karmaphalotpAdaka Izvara yadi yaha kaheM ki Izvara jIva ko kaba kahatA hai ki tU bure karma kara? isake uttara meM yaha pratiprazna uThatA hai ki manuSya yA pazu bure karma kyoM karate haiM ? isIlie karate haiM ki 1. (ka) jJAna kA amRta (paM. jJAnamunijI) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 58 (kha) karmavAda : eka adhyayana, se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 241 unakI buddhi kharAba hai| cU~ki IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM ke matAnusAra jIva karma karane meM svataMtra nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM hatyAre, cora, DAkU Adi paravighAtaka ke karma unakI kisI durbuddhi ke pariNAma haiN| aura buddhi kI duSTatA usake kisI pUrvakRta karma kA phala honA cAhie, kyoMki jIva karma se baMdhA hai aura jIva kI buddhi hotI hai - karmAnusAriNI / karma kA phala IzvarAdhIna mAnane para pUrvokta para ghAtaka logoM kI durbuddhirUpa karmaphala kA utpAdaka Izvara ko hI mAnA jaaegaa| sAMsArika jIvoM kA bhAgyavidhAtA Izvara hone se pApa pravRttiprayojaka bhI Izvara hai yadi buddhi kharAba hone kA kAraNa una-una jIvoM ke bhAgya kI viparItatA mAnI jAe to bhI prazna uThatA hai ki unakA bhAgya kharAba banAyA kisane ? saMsAra ke jIvoM ke bhAgyavidhAtA tathAkathita Izvara ne hI to manuSyoM aura pazuoM ke bhAgya ko kharAba banAyA hai, jisake kAraNa unheM dharma, nIti aura vyavahAra se viruddha kArya karane par3ate haiN| Izvara ne svayaM una-una pApakarmI jIvoM kA bhAgya kharAba banAyA, isI kAraNa hI unheM vivaza hokara vaise pApamaya kArya karane par3ate haiN| spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to-Izvara ko saMsAra ke jIvoM kA bhAgya-nirmAtA yA bhAgya-vidhAtA mAnane para saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM kI azubha pravRttiyoM aura adhama kAryoM kI jimmevArI Izvara para A jAtI hai| aura duSkRtya yA pApamaya pravRttiyA~ karane vAle jIva bilakula alaga-thalaga evaM nirdoSa raha jAte haiN| unheM pApI yA adharmI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ataH Izvara ko saMsAra ke jIvoM kA bhAgya vidhAtA tathA karmaphala dAtA mAnane meM ye saba ApattiyA~ aura anuprapattiyA~ Akara ghera letI haiN| ' pApI pApakarma karane meM DhITha hokara Izvara kI duhAI detA hai inake atirikta eka bhayaMkara Apatti aura A khar3I hotI hai ki jo pApI manuSya aharniza pApakarma meM rata rahatA hai, use koI hitaiSI saMta samajhAne jAe ki tU itane ghora pApakarma kyoM karatA hai ? ina pApakarmoM kI sajA tujhe kitanI bhayaMkara milegI ? kyA tujhe * paramapitA paramAtmA kA koI Dara nahIM hai ? paramAtmA ke darabAra meM jaba tere pApakarmoM kI jA~ca-par3atAla hogI, taba tere ina pApamaya kAranAmoM para nArAja hokara paramAtmA tujhe bhayaMkara daNDa ke rUpa meM ghorAtighora naraka meM bheja deMge, jahA~ tU rAtadina duHkhoM aura yAtanAoM ko ro-rokara bhogatA rahegA / athavA ve tujhe sUara, kUkara, gardabha yA bakare Adi kisI pazuyoni yA tiryaMca yoni meM dhakela deMge, jahA~ tujhe kisI prakAra kI samyak 1. jJAna kA amRta (paM. jJAnamunijI) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 61,58 For Personal & Private Use Only

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242 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bodhi prApta nahIM hogii| ataH yadi tU dUsare ke hAni lAbha kI cintA nahIM kara sakatA to kama-se-kama apane hAni-lAbha kI to cintA kr| kintu pApAtmA mAnava parama hitaiSI saMta kI bAta ko sunI-anasunI karake, ThukarA detA hai, aura prAyaH dhRSTatA pUrvaka kaha baiThatA hai-"Apa paramAtmA kI mAyA ko nahIM samajhate, isIlie to Apa hameM pApakarmoM se Darane kI bAta kaha rahe haiN"|' hamAre bhagavAn sarvazaktimAn haiM, saMsAra ke bhAgya vidhAyaka haiM, paripAlaka haiM aura sukhadAtA haiN| hamAre bhAgya kA nirmANa bhI unhoMne hI kiyA hai ? unhIM kI kRpA se hameM sAre sukha-sAdhana mile haiN| hamAre jIvana meM aizvarya aura vaibhava ke maMgalamaya bAdya baja rahe haiN| samAja meM hamArI jo pratiSThA hai, vaha unhIM paramAtmA kI paramakRpA kA phala hai| parivAra meM aura samAja meM mauja bahAra hai, vaha saba usI prabhu ke anugraha kI badaulata hai| mere sabhI kAryoM ke pIche usa mahAprabhu kI kRpA hai ki maiM sadaiva prasannatA aura sukha-suvidhA ke jhUle meM jhUlatA huuN| maiM binA kisI hicaka ke jo cAhatA hU~, jaisA cAhatA hU~; kara letA huuN| bhaya aura saMkoca kA to mere jIvana meM bilakula nAmonizAna bhI nahIM hai| Apa kaheMge-paramAtmA kaba kahatA hai-"bure kAma kara, pApakarma kr|" isake uttara meM merA (pApI kA) kahanA yaha hai ki maiM burAiyA~, pApamaya pravRttiyA~ karane se sakucAtA nahIM hU~, yaha saba ApakI (saMtapuruSoM kI) dRSTi se merI durbuddhi-kharAba buddhi ke kAraNa hotA hai| buddhi bhraSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa hI merA socane-samajhane aura AcaraNa karane kA DhaMga bilakula galata hai| saMsAra meM hone vAlI samasta pApamaya pravRttiyoM aura burAiyoM kA mUla kAraNa buddhi kI vikRti hI hai| aura buddhi kharAba hotI hai-bhAgya seazubha karmaphala se| bhAgya ko acchA yA burA banAne vAlA kauna hai? vahI paramapitA paramAtmA hai| jIvoM kA bhAgya-nirmANa karate samaya durbuddhiva-ghAtaka mAnava kyoM paidA kiye? ___ aura Apa (saMta) yaha bhI jAnate haiM ki paramAtmA sarvajJa hai, sarvadarzI hai, usake jJAnanetroM se saMsAra kA koI bhI jIva yA jar3a padArtha ojhala nahIM hai| ve pratyeka jIva ke bhAgya ko nirmANa karate samaya yaha jAnate haiM ki isa jIva ke bhAgya kA aisA nirmANa kara rahA hU~ jisase ise kubuddhi yA subuddhi prApta hogii| ve yaha saba jAnate hue bhI ki isa jIva kA aisA bhAgya nirmANa kara rahA hU~, jisase ise kubuddhi, duSTabuddhi yA pApamaya buddhi prApta hogI aura usake kAraNa yaha hatyA, corI, DakaitI, lUTa-mAra, ThagI, taskarI, beImAnI, anIti Adi pApakarma karegA, nirdoSa logoM ko satAegA, vizvAsaghAta karegA, dharmasthAnoM kI pavitratA ko naSTa karegA, satiyoM kA zIla lUTegA aadi| 1. vahI, sArAMza uddhRta pR. 60 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 243 ina saba bAtoM ko pUrNatayA jAnate hue bhI tathA mere bhUta-bhaviSya ko hastAmalakavat dekhate hue bhI paramAtmA ne jaba merA bhAgya aisA durbuddhi-pUrNa banAyA hai, taba mujhe pApakarma karane se bhaya aura saMkoca kyoM hogA? aura kyoM dharma-viruddha evaM lokavyavahAra-viruddha pApa pravRttiyA~ karane meM jhijhaka hogI ? isalie maiM bedhar3aka ye pApapravRttiyA~ karatA huuN| saca pUcheM to mujhe na to pApa karma karane meM koI burAI mAlUma hotI hai aura na hI kisI prakAra kI bhIti / kyoMki merI AsthA aisI bana gaI hai ki paramapitA paramAtmA ne saba kucha jAnate-dekhate hue merA bhAgya aisA hI banAyA hai, aura maiM usI bhAgyAnusAra jo kucha bhI kara rahA hU~, usase mujhe pApa nahIM laga sktaa|' tathAkathita paramAtmA dvArA jaisA bhAgya nirmANa : vaisA hI kArya durAtmA loga karate haiN| isase bhI Age bar3hakara vaha aura bhI DhITha banakara paramahitaiSI saMta ko uttara detA hai-maiM to paramAtmA kA saccA bhakta huuN| unake sAtha droha kaise kara sakatA hU~ ? unhoMne merA jaisA bhAgya banAyA hai, usake anurUpa hI maiM saba kArya karatA huuN| paramAtmA ke banAe hue bhAgya ke anusAra maiMne pApakarma karane chor3a diye to unake sAtha bar3A bhArI dagA hogaa| rahI paramAtmA ke darabAra meM mere se apane kAranAmoM kI pUchatAcha kI bAta / paramAtmA to svayaM antaryAmI haiM, sarvajJa haiM, ve pUcheMge bhI nahIM / yadi paramAtmA ke darabAra ke karmacAriyoM kI bhrAntivaza mujhase unhoMne pUcha bhI liyA to mere pAsa ghar3Aghar3AyA uttara yaha hai ki - prabho ! Apa hI to mere bhAgya vidhAtA haiN| Apane mere bhAgya kA jaisA nirmANa kara diyA, tadanusAra maiM kArya kara rahA hU~ / pApamaya bhAgya banAkara Apa kaise pUchate haiM ki maiMne amuka pApa kyoM kiyA ? maiMne jo kucha bhI atIta meM kiyA hai, vartamAna meM kara rahA hU~ yA bhaviSya meM karU~gA, vaha saba Apa bhAgya vidhAtA kI AjJA evaM preraNA ke anusAra hI huA, ho rahA yA hogA, usakI sArI jimmedArI ApakI hai| maiM to ApakA vaphAdAra sevaka aura sapUta hU~ / Apake banAe hue bhAgya ke anusAra hI mere se saba kucha huA hai ! mere jIvana ke samasta kriyAkalApa kI jimmevArI mere bhAgya vidhAtA antaryAmI prabhu kI hai| yadi merA bhAgya kharAba na banAte to merI buddhi kharAba na hotI aura mere se ye lokaviruddha aura dharmaviruddha pApamaya kArya na hote| Apa svayaM mere bhAgya vidhAtA, karmapreraka evaM karmaphala pradAtA hokara bhI mujhase pUchate haiM ? paramAtmA ke isa uddhata vaphAdAra ne pApoM se nirdoSa hone kI jo bAta kahI hai, usI ko urdU kA eka zAyara apanI bhASA meM vyakta karatA hai 9. vahI, se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 60-61 For Personal & Private Use Only

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244 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) "khudA jaba mujhase pUchegA ki 'takasIra' kisakI hai? to kaha dU~gA ki isa takadIra meM taharIra' kisakI hai?" Izvara ko karmaphala dAtA evaM bhAgya vidhAtA mAnane se doSApatti pUrvokta vizleSaNa se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki Izvara ko bhAgyavidhAtA yA karmaphala-dAtA mAnakara calane se saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM ke dvArA hone vAle pApoM, doSoM yA aparAdhoM kA uttaradAyitva Izvara para hI A par3atA hai| isalie jainakarmavijJAna paramAtmA ko jagat ke jIvoM kA bhAgyavidhAtA yA karmaphaladAtA nahIM maantaa|' paramAtmA ko karmaphaladAtA mAnoge to vaha anyAyI evaM aparAdhI siddha hogA eka doSApatti aura bhI hai-paramAtmA ko karmaphala-pradAtA mAnane meM kahA jAtA hai ki paramAtmA nyAyI hai| yadi paramAtmA ko kisI dhanika kI dhana-sampatti ko curA yA luTavAkara usa dhanika ko usake pUrvakRta azubha karmoM kA phala denA abhISTa hai to vaha svayaM to usa kArya ko nahIM karatA, kintu cora-DAkuoM ke mAdhyama se hI usa dhanika ko usake azubha karmoM kA phala dilvaaegaa| aisI sthiti meM vaha cora yA DAkU paramAtmA kI AjJA kA paripAlaka yA paramAtmA dvArA prerita hone ke kAraNa nirdoSa aura adaNDanIya samajhA jAnA cAhie, kintu vyavahAra meM isase viruddha dekhA jAtA hai, usa corI Adi pApakarma karane vAle ko aparAdhI mAnakara sarakArI pulisa dala use pakar3atA hai, use giraphtAra karake jelakhAne meM lUMsatA hai, pulisa dala use mAratA-pITatA bhI hai, ulaTA laTakA detA hai| kaI aparAdhiyoM ko phA~sI Adi kI sajA dI jAtI hai| yaha saba daNDa prakriyA parama nyAyAdhIza paramAtmA ke nyAya ke khilApha hai, aisA mAnanA caahie| yaha kitanI bar3I aMdheragardI hogI, paramAtmA ke nyAya ke viruddha ? eka ora to paramAtmA dhanika ko karmaphala rUpa daNDa dene ke lie cora, DAka Adi ko usake ghara bhejatA hai, corI DakaitI ke lie; aura dUsarI ora pulisa ke dvArA use pakar3avAkara bhArI sajA dilAtA hai| yaha to vaisI hI bAta huI-cora ko kahe-corI kara aura sAhUkAra ko kahe-jAgatA rh| kyA yahI paramAtmA kA nyAya hai ? paramAtmArUpI zAsaka aparAdhoM ko rokane kA kArya pahale se hI kyoM nahIM karatA? jagat meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki kisI zAsanakartA ko agara yaha mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki amuka vyakti amuka sthAna para corI karanA cAhatA hai, yA amuka DAkU dala phalAM 1. (ka) jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa (kha) takasIra galatI, doSa yA apraadh| takadIra bhAgya, taharIra preraNA yA sNcaaln| 2. vahI, se sArAMza uddhRta pR. 65-66 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 245 sthAna para DAkA DAlane kI yojanA banA rahA hai, athavA amuka hatyArA amuka vyakti kI hatyA karane ke phirAka meM hai to vaha zAsaka pahale se hI usa aparAdha ko rokane aura aparAdha karane kA plAna banAne vAle ko pakar3akara jela meM baMda kara detA hai| vaha kar3A prabandha karatA hai ki aparAdhI vRtti kA vyakti amuka aparAdha yA duSkarma karane na paae| sthiti ke bigar3ane se pahale hI vaha use kAbU meM karane ke prayAsa karatA hai| kadAcit eka bAra aparAdhI apane makasada meM kAmayAba ho jAe to bhI usake pazcAt zAsaka usakA kaThoratA se damana karake sadA ke lie vahA~ aparAdha hone se roka detA hai| zAsaka kA yaha kartavya bhI hai ki duSkarma hone se pahale hI usakI rokathAma kare athavA eka bAra usake anajAne meM vaha kANDa ho bhI jAe to usakI punarAvRtti hone se pUrI taraha roka de| ___ jaba sAdhAraNa buddhi vAle zAsaka meM itanI karttavyaparAyaNatA, zaktisampannatA tathA nyAyakAritA hai to Izvara jaise sarvajJa, ghaTa-ghaTa ke antaryAmI, sarvazaktimAn, nyAyI evaM dayAlu paramAtmA kA kartavya hotA hai ki vaha aparAdhI kI bhAvanA ko badala de, athavA janatA ko pIr3A pahu~cAne kI usane jo yojanA banAI hai, use badala de yA usake mArga meM aisI vighna-bAdhAe~ upasthita karade ki vaha pUrvayojita aparAdha kara hI na ske| kyoMki sarvajJa hone ke nAte use yaha pahale hI jJAta ho jAtA hai ki amuka vyakti amuka samaya para amuka jagaha janotpIr3aka duSkarma karane vAlA hai| aparAdhI ke bhAvoM ko jAnatA huA Izvara use kyoM nahIM rokatA? ___ isake bAvajUda, yadi vaha (paramAtmA) aparAdhI ke yA duSkarmakartA ke kSaNa-kSaNa ke bhAvoM ko jAnatA huA bhI tathA aparAdha ko rokane kA sAmarthya rakhatA huA bhI aparAdhI yA duSkarmI ko manamAnA aparAdha yA duSkarma karane detA hai, to mAnanA par3egA ki vaha apane kartavya se bhraSTa hotA hai, athavA vaha sarvajJa yA sarvazaktimAn nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAe ki usane jIvoM ko apanI icchAnusAra karma karane kI svataMtratA de rakhI hai| sabhI jIva apanI icchAnusAra karma karate haiM, paramAtmA to unake dvArA karma kiye jAne meM bAdhaka nahIM bntaa| aisI sthiti meM kahanA cAhie ki tathAkathita paramAtmA jo bhI karmaphala detA hai, usakA uddezya prANiyoM para dayA karake unakA jIvana sudhAranA yA unheM saccI rAha calAnA nahIM hai, kintu apane manovinoda yA lIlA karane athavA zAsana kI mahatvAkAMkSA pUrI karane ke lie vaha aisA karatA hai|' ___ agara tathAkathita Izvara meM dayAlutA yA karttavyaparAyaNatA hotI to vaha una jIvoM ko duSkarma karane se pahale hI roka detA, unakA mAnasa badala detaa| isI prakAra vaha jAnatA 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza, pR. 72 For Personal & Private Use Only

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246 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) hai ki una duSkarmiyoM ko duSkarma karane kA kaThora daNDa denA par3egA aura kaThora daNDa milane para vaha roegA, pachatAegA, gir3agir3AegA, kaSTa pAegA, kintu yaha jAnate-bUjhate bhI tathA dayAlu aura zaktizAlI hote hue bhI una duSkarmakartA jIvoM ko pApakarma karane se pahale hI kyoM nahIM roka detA ? pApakarma karane ke lie tatpara vyakti kA balAt hAtha kyoM nahIM pakar3a letA ? kintu tathA kathita paramAtmA pahale to apane manovinoda, lIlA yA zAsana kI mahattvAMkAkSA ko pUrNa karane hetu pApakarmiyoM aura aparAdhiyoM ko khulakara khelane de, unheM arAjakatA phailAne kI khulI chUTa de de, usake pazcAt duSkarma ke kaThora phala ke rUpa meM jiMdagI bhara una para duHkhoM kA pahAr3a lAda de / yaha kahA~ kI zAsana vyavasthA hai ? yaha kauna-sI karttavyaparAyaNatA evaM dayAlutA hai ?" eka nyAyAdhIza bhI jaba kisI kA nyAya karatA hai to alpajJa hone ke kAraNa pahale aparAdhI ke aparAdha kI jAMca-par3atAla karatA hai| usake aparAdha ko sAbita karane ke lie sAkSiyA~ aura gavAhiyA~ letA hai, pratyakSadarziyoM ke bayAna letA hai| usa para vyavasthita DhaMga se kesa (mukadamA calAyA jAtA hai| saba prakara se vAstavikatA kI chAnabIna karane para tathA gavAhoM kI gavAhiyoM se aparAdhI kA aparAdha pramANita ho jAne para daNDavyavasthA karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki use phaisalA dene aura daNDa vyavasthA karane meM kAphI samaya laga jAtA hai| parantu tathAkathita Izvara to sarvajJa- sarvazakti sampanna hai, vaha to sabhI aparAdhiyoM ke bhUta-bhaviSya aura vartamAna kI saba ghaTanA, manovRtti aura pravRtti ko jAnatA hai, use to kisI ke aparAdha ko sAbita karane ke lie kisI kI sAkSI yA gavAhI kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai; phira vaha jIvoM ko unake karma kA phala dene meM itanA vilamba kyoM karatA hai? kyoM nahIM aparAdha hote hI tatkAla usa duSkarma kA phala bhugavA detA hai ? phaurana daNDa kI vyavasthA kyoM nahIM karatA? usakI sarvajJatA aura sarvazaktimattA kahA~ calI jAtI hai? eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki nyAyAdhIza nyAyAsana para baiThakara aparAdhI ko apane sAmane bulAtA hai, usakA aparAdha pramANita ho jAne para usase pUchatA hai aura kahatA hai"tumane amuka aparAdha yA corI yA hatyA kA duSkarma kiyA hai yA amuka vyakti ko dhokhA diyA hai, isalie tumhAre isa aparAdha kI yaha sajA dI jA rahI hai / " Izvara sAre saMsAra ke karmaphala kA niyantA aura daNDa kA vyavasthApaka hai, isalie parama nyAyAdhIza hai| magara saMsArI jIvoM ko unake duSkarmoM kA phala dete samaya athavA unake aparAdhoM kI daNDa vyavasthA karate samaya aparAdhI vyaktiyoM se kabhI pratyakSa yA 9. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 73 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 247 parokSa meM bhI Akara kabhI kahatA dekhA nahIM jAtA ki tumane amuka aparAdha yA pApa kiyA hai, ataH tumhAre usa pApa yA aparAdha kA yaha daNDa tumheM diyA jAtA hai| aisA karane para hI usakI parama nyAyAdhIzatA sArthaka hotI; aura saMsAra ke abodha athavA ajJAnI jIva usase nasIhata lete, una pApakarmoM ko karane se pahale socate-vicArate aura unase bacate yA sAvadhAna rahate ki yadi aisA pApakarma phira kareMge to Age phira daNDa bhugatanA pdd'egaa| aisI sthiti meM aparAdhI yA duSkarmakartA loga yaha samajha jAte haiM, ki Izvara jaisI koI bhI sarvopari zakti hameM kucha kahane-sunane vAlI nahIM hai, na hI koI daNDa vyavasthA dikhAI detI hai, sarakArI daNDavyavasthA se bhI ve pharAra hokara, rizvata dekara jaise-taise baca jAte haiM aura jaise-taise svacchanda rUpa se bekhaTake pApakarma karate rahate haiN| Izvara jaisA sarvazaktimAn sarvajJa jAnatA-dekhatA aura daNDa dene meM samartha puruSa bhI A~kha micaunI yA upekSA karake baiThA rahe, yaha kaisI nyAyazIlatA yA zaktimattA hai ? IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki Izvara to jIvoM ke apane kiye hue karmoM ke anusAra unake zarIrAdi kA nirmANa karatA hai, jIvoM ke pUrvakRta-karmAnusAra hI unheM phala detA hai, apanI icchAnusAra nhiiN| aisI sthiti meM vaha Izvara bhI svataMtra aura svecchAnusAra kucha nahIM kara sktaa| isase spaSTa hai ki paramAtmA bhI svaMtatra nahIM, paratantra hai, vaha bhI svecchA se kisI bhI prANI kA bAla bhI bAMkA nahIM kara sktaa| taba to vaha (paramAtmA) bhI parAdhIna hai, parataMtra hai| ___ jo sarvathA svataMtra ho, svAdhIna ho, svecchA se kArya karane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai, vahI sacce mAne meM paramAtmA kahalAne yogya hai| jo parivAra, samAja, pakSapAta, svArtha Adi ke bandhanoM meM jakaDA haA ho, jise apane Atmika aizvarya kI upekSA karake sAMsArika jIvoM ko karmaphala dene ke karma-parataMtratA vaza kArya meM, pacar3e meM par3A rahanA par3atA ho, vaha paramAtmA sarvataMtra-svataMtra paramAtmA kaise ho sakatA hai? tathAkathita paramAtmA to jIvoM ke dvArA kRta karmoM ke adhIna hone se paramAtmA bhI kahalAne yogya nahIM yadi paramAtmA apanI icchA se karmoM ke phala meM herApherI karane laga jAe taba bhI Izvara kI nyAyAdhIzatA, nyAyikatA aura prAmANikatA bhI khatare meM par3a jaaegii| ataH paramAtmA ko karmaphalapradAyaka na mAnanA hI yuktiyukta hai|' 1. jJAna kA amRta se sArAMza uddhRta pR. 69 For Personal & Private Use Only

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248 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) tathAkathita Izvara suyogya zAsaka ke samAna prabhAvazAlI bhI nahIM hai kisI prAnta meM yA rASTra meM suyogya, nyAyazIla evaM niSpakSa tathA bhraSTAcAra se rahita zAsaka kA zAsana ho to usake prabhAva se cora, DAkU, hatyAre evaM guNDe logoM kI corI Adi kukarma karane kI sahasA himmata nahIM hotii| ve uddaNDatA aura ucchRkhalatA kA mArga chor3akara prAyaH satpatha apanA lete haiM, jisase sarvatra zAnti, surakSA aura amana-caina sthApita ho jAtA hai| loga nirbhayatA pUrvaka sAnanda apanI jIvana yApana karate rahate haiN|' parantu yaha samajha meM nahIM AtA ki jagat ke sarvocca zAsaka, sarvazaktimAn, nyAyazIla, paramakRpAlu, paramapitA paramAtmA ke hote hue bhI jagat meM burAI, arAjakatA, ApAdhApI, bhraSTAcAra, anyAya, anIti Adi aparAdha dinoMdina bar3hate hI jA rahe haiN| mAMsAhAriyoM, vyabhicAriyoM, yauna-aparAdhiyoM, coroM, DakaitoM, vizvAsaghAtakoM, luTeroM evaM duSToM kA daura-dIrA bar3hatA hI jA rahA hai| saMsAra meM sarvatra chala-kapaTa, dhokhA-dhar3I, ThagI, beImAnI, corabAjArI, taskarI, arAjakatA, IrSyA, dveSa, vaira-virodha evaM tuccha svArtha kI agni jvAlAe~ uThatI jA rahI haiN| aisI sthiti meM kaise kahA jAe ki jagata ke zAsana kI bAgaDora Izvara ke hAthoM meM hai aura vahI saMsAra kA sarvocca zAsaka hai, karmaphaladAtA, daNDa-puraskAra pradAtA haiM ? avyakta rUpa se daNDa pradAna karanA bhI kRtakRtya Izvara kA kArya nahIM IzvarakartRtvavAdI yoM kaha sakate haiM ki paramapitA paramAtmA yo pratyakSa daNDa detA huA dikhAI nahIM detA, vaha avyakta rUpa se daNDa detA hai to kisI kI A~kheM phUTa jAtI haiM, kisI kI TAMga TUTa jAtI hai, kisI ko kor3ha ho jAtA hai, kisI ko koI bhayaMkara roga ho jAtA hai, kisI kA ghara, zarIra yA anya padArtha jalakara khAka ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra pApakarmoM kA phala kisI na kisI rUpa meM Izvara de hI detA hai| kRtakRtya aura dayAlu Izvara ke dvArA jIvoM ko karmaphala dene-dilAne ke sambandha meM hamane pichale pRSThoM meM kitanI hI doSApattiyA~, anupapattiyA~ aura Izvaratva meM bAdhAe~ batAI haiN| isalie kRtakRtya Izvara ko ina sAMsArika ragar3oM-jhagar3oM se kyA lenA-denA hai? usakA kyA svArtha hai ? athavA aisA karane meM kyA pasArtha hai ? balki karmoM kA phala dete samaya kisI ko rulAnA, kisI ko DarAnA, kisI ko dhamakAnA, kisI ko satAnA, kisI ke hAtha-paira kaTavA denA, kisI kI A~kheM por3a denA, kisI para vipatti kA pahAr3a DhahA denA, kisI ko dAne-dAne kA mohatAja banA denA, kisI ke zarIra meM asAdhya bImArI paidA 1. vahI, se sArAMza grahaNa pR. 70 2. jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR.70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 249 kara denA, kisI ko akasmAt mAra DAlanA, kisI ko pAnI meM DubA denA, kisI ko Aga meM jalA denA Adi ye aura isa prakAra ke kaThora karma eka dayAlu nirvikAra aura kRtakRtya Izvara bhalA kaise kara sakatA hai ? yadi vaha aisA hiMsAtmaka daNDa-prayoga karatA hai yA use karanA par3atA hai to vaha dayAlu, nirvikArI aura kAruNika kaise raha sakatA hai ? aise kaThora karma karane se to usakI nirvikAratA aura dayAlutA hI samApta ho jAtI hai|' Izvara pradatta karmaphala vartamAna vaijJAnikoM dvArA viphala evaM prabhAvahIna hama yaha mAna leM ki paramAtmA dayA se prerita hokara hI una duSToM, aparAdhiyoM yA duSkarma-kartAoM ko kaThora daNDa detA hai| parantu usake diye hue daNDa ko Aja ke una-una rogoM aura vyAdhiyoM ke vizeSajJa bahuta kucha aMzoM meM viphala kara dete haiM, athavA prabhAvahIna kara dete haiN| Izvara ko karmaphala-dAtA mAnane vAloM ke samakSa prazna yaha hai ki Izvara ke dvArA jIvoM ko unake kRtakarmoM kA diyA gayA daNDa sthAyI evaM amiTa honA cAhie, vaha pUrNarUpa se kriyAnvita honA caahie| usa daNDa ko koI prabhAvahIna yA asaphala karane kA sAhasa kare to vaha saphala nahIM honA caahie| magara Adhunika vijJAna jagat ne tathAkathita paramAtmA dvArA karmaphala ke diye gae usa daNDa ko bahuta aMza taka samApta kara diyA hai yA bahuta kama kara diyA hai| udAharaNArtha-eka manuSya kI eka A~kha naSTa ho gii| paramAtmA ne use usake azubha karma ke daNDa ke rUpa meM use kAnA banA diyaa| parantu Adhunika cikitsA vaijJAnikoM ne nakalI A~kha usakI phUTI huI A~kha kI jagaha phiTa karake paramAtmA ke diye gae ukta daNDa ko viphala kara diyaa| isI prakAra sAMsArika logoM ke karmoM ke phalasvarUpa paramAtmA dvArA bhejI gaI plega, haijA (kaoNlerA), kSayaroga (TI. bI.) maleriyA Adi duHsAdhya bImAriyoM ko bhI vartamAna DaoNkTaroM aura cikitsakoM ne apane athaka zodha prayAsa ke pazcAt bahuta hada taka yA to samApta kara diyA hai yA phira unakA prabhAva bahuta kama kara diyA hai| paramAtmA dvArA diye hue daNDa ke kAraNa kisI kI TA~ga TUTa gaI, parantu vartamAna vaijJAnika nakalI TA~ga laMgAkara usa daNDa ko bekAra kara dete haiN| aisA paramAtmA pUjanIya evaM sammAnya kaise? kaI bAra karmaphala bhugavAne ke lie tathAkathita Izvara bhUkampa yA bAr3ha lAtA hai, usa samaya use yaha bhI dhyAna nahIM rahatA ki jo usake pUjA sthAna haiM, yA dharma-sthAna haiM, athavA jo usake bhakta yA pujArI haiM, unakI bhI tabAhI ho rahI hai| kyA sarvajJa evaM 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 73 2. jJAna kA amRta se sArAMza grahaNa pR. 66 For Personal & Private Use Only

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250 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) sarvadarzI paramAtmA ko apane pUjAsthAnoM (maMdira, masjida, carca, devAlaya, gurudvArA Adi) tathA dharmasthAnoM kA evaM pujAriyoM aura dhArmika bhaktoM kA jarA bhI khyAla nahIM aataa| tathAkathita paramAtmA kI aisI dazA dekhakara usake prati zraddhA, bhakti yA ibAdata kaise raha sakatI hai| unakI dRSTi meM aisA paramAtmA sammAnita aura pUjanIya kaise raha sakatA hai ? Izvara dvArA karmaphala sajA ke rUpa meM nahIM, dUsaroM ke ghAta rUpa meM milatA hai eka bAta aura, jo loga Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnate haiM, unheM hamArI vicArazakti kahatI hai ki kisI bhI vicArazIla phaladAtA ko kisI vyakti ko usake bure karmoM kA phala aisA denA cAhie, jo usakI sajA ke rUpa meM ho, na ki dUsaroM ko usake dvArA sajA dilavAne ke rUpa meN| kintu tathAkathita Izvara ghAtakoM (krUra mAnava, siMha, sarpa, cItA Adi) se dUsare kA ghAta karAtA hai, kyoMki usake jariye use dUsare ko sajA dilavAnI hai| kintu ghAtaka jisa durbuddhi ke kAraNa dUsare kA ghAta karatA hai, usa buddhi ko duSTa karane vAle karmoM kA use kyA phala milA? isa phala ke dvArA to dUsare ko sajA bhoganI pdd'ii| Izvara ko phaladAtA mAnane se aisI aneka doSApattiyA~ khar3I hotI haiM ataH Izvara ko phaladAtA mAnane se ye aura isa prakAra kI kaI anupapattiyA~ evaM visaMgatiyA~ khar3I hotI haiN| eka anupapatti yaha bhI hai ki kisI karma kA phala kartA ko turaMta mila jAtA hai aura kisI kA kucha samaya ke bAda aura kisI ko apane karmoM kA phala kucha varSoM ke baad| kucha logoM ko apane karma kA phala dUsare janmoM meM milatA hai| eka hI sarIkhe eka hI samaya meM kiye jAne vAle do vyaktiyoM ke samAna karma kA phala eka ko zIghra hI aura acchA milatA hai, dUsare ko dera se aura burA milatA hai| isa antara kA kAraNa kyA hai ? jabaki phaladAtA Izvara eka hI hai ?3 eka hI sadRza evaM eka hI samaya meM kiye hue karma kA phala dene meM yaha pakSapAta, visaMgati yA viSamatA kyoM? kyA Izvara bhI khuzAmada, cApalUsI, prazaMsA, stuti yA pUjA-patrI kI rizvata ke Age jhuka jAtA hai ? kyA paramAtmA minnata yA mAnyatA karane na karane para kisI ko usake pApakarma kA phala kama aura kisI ko adhika de detA hai ?kyA paramAtmA ke yahA~ bhI rizvateM calatI haiM ?jo kisI ko pahale aura kisI ko pIche karmoM kA phala bhugavAtA hai? yA karmaphala meM nyUnAdhikatA kara detA hai?ataH paramAtmA kI 1. vahI, sArAMza grahaNa, pR. 67 2. paMcama karmagrantha kI prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI) se pR. 17 3. vahI, pR. 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 251 karmaphaladAtA mAnane para ye aura isa prakAra kI anya AzaMkAe~ upasthita hotI haiM, jinakA santoSajanaka samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| niSkarSa yaha hai ki Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnane vAloM ke pAsa pUrvokta doSApattiyoM, anupapattiyoM, visaMgatiyoM, AkSepoM, AropoM aura Izvara para Ane vAle doSoM kA koI bhI yukti-tarkasaMgata, buddhisaMgata, zAstrasaMgata, anubhavayukta evaM andhavizvAsarahita yA saMtoSajanaka koI bhI samAdhAna nahIM hai| ataH sAMsArika jIvoM ko unake dvArA kRtakoM kA phaladAtA koI bhI Izvara yA anya daivI zakti nahIM hai| karmoM kA phala karmavijJAna ke gUr3ha (avyakta) niyamoM ke anusAra svataH mila jAtA hai|' karmaphala niSphala nahIM, avazya saphala hotA hai ___ eka zaMkA IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM dvArA yaha uThAI jAtI hai ki manuSya ke dvArA kiyA gayA karma kaI bAra niSphala pratIta hotA hai, usakA koI bhI karma prAyaH saphala nahIM hotaa| parantu pUrvokta tathyoM ko jAnane para yaha bhI spaSTa ho gayA ki Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnane para kitanI doSApattiyA~ upasthita ho jAtI haiM ? kevala itanI-sI bAta ke lie Izvara ko bIca meM lAkara khar3A karane kI koI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai ki karmaphala dera se milatA hai| karma karane ke bAda usake phala kA eka niyama hai| usI ke anusAra phala dera-sabera se avazya milatA hai| Aja kA boyA huA bIja kyA Aja hI phala de detA hai ? kyA jamAye hue dUdha kA tatkAla dahI bana jAtA hai ? murgI ke dvArA aNDA dete hI kyA tatkAla usameM se murgI yA mugA nikala AtA hai? yaha to anubhavasiddha bAta hai ki vyavasAya, vyAyAma, kRSi, adhyayana, dAna aura brahmacarya tatkAla phalita nahIM hote, unheM saphala hone meM kAphI samaya lagatA hai| kyA isase una-una kAryoM ke prati manuSya avizvAsa karake cupacApa baiTha jAtA hai? kyA vaha una-una satkAryoM ko prArambha nahIM karatA? isI prakAra karmoM kA phala bhI dera-sabera se hI sahI, milatA avazya hai| isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| pratyeka karma kA phala jIva ko svayaM bhoganA par3atA hai| saMsAra meM pApAtmA sukhI aura dharmAtmA duHkhI dikhAI dete haiM : isakA samAdhAna eka ora hiMsA Adi pApa karma karane vAle durAtmA, krUra evaM pApakarmA khUba . samRddha, sukhI aura sAdhana sampanna dikhAI dete haiM; jabaki dUsarI ora sajjana evaM dharmAtmA mAnava nyAya, nIti evaM dharma ke patha para calate haiM, AdhyAtmika jIvana se ucca haiM, phira bhI 1. (ka) karmavAda : eka adhyayana, se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 74 (kha) jJAna kA amRta, se bhAvAMza grahaNa pra. 73 2. karma mImAMsA (sva. yuvAcArya madhukara muni) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 40 For Personal & Private Use Only

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252 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vedaHkhI, daridra, zrIhIna evaM sAdhanahIna dikhAI dete haiN| athavA corI karatA hai eka aura pakar3A jAtA hai dUsarA; anyAya-atyAcAra karatA hai eka aura nyAya-nIti para calane vAlA sadAcArI daNDita hotA hai| isa prakAra ke viSama phalayukta dRzya saMsAra meM dekhe jAte haiM, magara unake pIche kaI rahasya aura akalpanIya gutthiyA~ hotI haiM, parantu itanI-sI bAta se yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA athavA isa prakAra kI anAsthA vyakta karanA anucita hai ki karmaphala svataH nyAyocita yA yathocita milatA hai ? yA karmaphala milatA hI nahIM, yaha bhI kahanA adhIra vyaktiyoM kI anAsthA kA sUcaka hai| ___jainakarma-vijJAna-marmajJa AcAryoM ne isa gutthI ko, bahuta hI sundara aura yuktiyukta DhaMga se sulajhAyA hai| unakA kahanA hai-karma kI gati atIva gahana hai| bar3I-bar3I vilakSaNatAe~ isameM chipI huI haiN| jainakarmavijJAnamarmajJoM ne bandha ke cAra prakAra batAkara unase yukta vibhinna dRSTiyoM evaM apekSAoM se tathA yoga, upayoga, lezyA, indriya, kAya, veda, kaSAya Adi kI tIvratA-mandatA, evaM bhAvoM aura adhyavasAyoM ke utAra-car3hAva se koM ke phala meM agaNita prakAra kI taratamatA batAI hai| unheM samajhe binA tathA unake rahasyoM ko hRdayaMgama kiye binA yoM hI kaha denA ki karma kA phala yathocita aura yathAnyAya nahIM milatA, utAvalA nirNaya hai| pApAtmA kI sampannatA, puNyAtmA kI vipannatAH pApAnubandhI puNya tathA puNyAnubandhI pApa ke kAraNa ___ jaina karmavijJAna-marmajJa AcAryoM ne kahA ki hiMsaka vyakti kI samRddhi aura vItarAga bhagavAna kI pUjA-bhakti karane vAle bhakta sAdhaka kI daridratA dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to dharmAtmA Adi kA daridra-duHkhI tathA pApAtmA Adi kA sampanna-sukhI dikhAI denA, kramazaH unake pApAnubandhI puNya, tathA puNyAnubandhI pApakarma kA phala hai| pApAtmA vyakti ke dvArA pUrvakRta dAna-paropakAra Adi puNya kAryoM kA phala vartamAna meM usakI sukha sampannatA ke rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai, parantu usake dvArA vartamAna meM puNyaphala kA durupayoga kiyA jAnA hiMsA Adi pApakarma bhaviSya ke lie pApAnubandhI hai, pApakarma-phala-pradAtA hai| isI prakAra puNyAtmA vyakti ke dvArA pUrvakRta hiMsA Adi pApakarma kA phala vartamAna meM unakI duHkha-daridratA Adi ke rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai, parantu vartamAna meM usake dvArA kiye jAne vAle dharmAcaraNa, sadAcAra-pAlana, tathA sevA-paropakAra Adi puNyakarma kA phala bhaviSya meM puNyAnubandhI hai, puNyakarmaphala-pradAtA hai| 1. (ka) karmavAda : eka adhyayana, se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 68 (kha) vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie dekheM-karmavijJAna prathama khaNDa kA "karma-astitva ke prati ____ anAsthA anucita" nibndh| pR. 183 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 253 Azaya yaha hai ki hiMsA Adi duSkarma athavA bhagavadbhakti Adi satkarma kadApi niSphala nahIM hote| isa janma meM nahIM to agale janma yA janmoM meM unakA phala avazya hI milatA hai| isalie karma aura karmaphala ke kArya-kAraNa bhAva meM kabhI atikramaNa (viparIta) nahIM ho sakatA / ' bhagavatI sUtra meM to spaSTa kahA gayA hai - "paraloka meM kiye hue kaI karmoM kA phala isa loka meM bhogA jAtA hai, isI prakAra isa loka meM kiye hue kaI karmoM kA phala paraloka meM bhogA jAtA hai| kevala itanI-sI bAta ke lie Izvara ko karmaphala dAtA banAkara nyAyAdhIza ke siMhAsana para biThAne aura aneka doSoM se lipta karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| vaidika dharma evaM jaina dharma mAnya paramAtmA meM paramAtmasvarUpa sambandhI matabheda vaidika dharma aura jainadharma kI paramparA meM paramAtmA ke sambandha meM kartA-dhartA aura phaladAtA ko lekara jarA-sA matabheda hai, kintu jaina-darzana paramAtmA kI sattA ko pUrNarUpeNa svIkAra karatA hai| vaha AtmA, paramAtmA, loka-paraloka, pUrvajanma- punarjanma, karma aura karmaphala Adi sabhI bAtoM ko mAnatA hai| jaina-darzana adhAtma-sAdhanA kA lakSya bahirAtmA se antarAtmA aura antarAtmA se paramAtmA bananA, AtmA se paramAtmA bananA, paramAtma-pada prApta karanA batAtA hai| vaha vaidika darzanoM kI bhA~ti paramapitA paramAtmA ko jagat kA kartA, bhAgya-vidhAtA, karma preraka evaM karmaphaladAtA svIkAra nahIM krtaa| . paramAtmA se sambandhita tIna rUpa adhyAtma jagat meM paramAtmA ke sambandha meM aneka mAnyatAe~ pracalita haiN| sUkSma rUpa se cintana karane para una mAnyatAoM ko tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM prathama rUpa- paramAtmA eka hai, anAdi hai, sarvavyApaka hai, saccidAnanda hai, ghaTa-ghaTa kA jJAtA, sarvazaktimAn hai, vahI jagat kA nirmAtA, trAtA, saMhartA hai| vahI jagat ke jIvoM kA bhAgya-vidhAtA aura karmaphala-pradAtA hai| saMsAra meM jo kucha ho rahA hai, vaha saba paramAtmA ke saMketa se hI hotA hai| usake izAre ke binA vRkSa kA eka pattA bhI nahIM hila 1. ( ka ) yA hiMsAvato'pi samRddhi : arhatpUjAvato'pi dAridryAvAptiH sA krameNa prAgupAttasya pApAnubandhinaH puNyasya, puNyAnubandhinaH pApasya ca phalam / tatkriyopAttaM tu karma janmAntare phalisyati iti nA'tra niyatakAryakAraNabhAva vyabhicAraH // " - jainAcArya (kha) karmavAdaH eka adhyayana, se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 69 25 paralogakaDA kammA ihaloe veijjati, ihalogakaDA kammA paraloe veijjti| For Personal & Private Use Only - bhagavatI sUtra za. 16

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254 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . sktaa| vahI saMsAra kA sarvesarvA hai| paramAtmA pApiyoM kA nAza karane tathA dhArmika logoM kA uddhAra va paritrANa karane ke lie kabhI na kabhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM saMsAra meM avatarita hotA hai, yuga-yuga meM janma letA hai| vaha vaikuNTha dhAma se yA viSNu loka se nIce utaratA hai athavA manuSya, pazu Adi ke rUpa meM janma grahaNa karatA hai aura apanI lIlA dikhAkara vApasa vaikuNTha dhAma meM jA virAjatA hai| vaha sadaiva pUjanIya, namaskaraNIya aura saMsmaraNIya hai| yaha paramapitA paramAtmA kA eka rUpa hai| paramAtmA ke isa rUpa ko sanAtanadharmI mAnate haiN| isameM manuSyoM ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA koI mUlya nahIM hai, jo kucha hai vaha saba paramapitA para hI nirbhara hai| dvitIya rUpa-paramAtmA eka hai, anAdi hai, ananta hai, sarvavyApaka hai, saccidAnanda hai, ghaTa-ghaTa kA jJAtA hai, sarvazaktimAna hai| sabhI jIva karma karane meM svataMtra haiN| usameM paramAtmA kA koI hastakSepa nahIM hai| yaha jIva kI icchA para nirbhara hai ki vaha satkarma kare yA dusskrm| paramAtmA kA usa para koI pratibandha nahIM hai| parantu jIvoM ko unake karmoM kA phala paramAtmA pradAna karatA hai| paramAtmA duSkarmakArI pApiyoM kA vinAza karane aura satkarmakArI dharmAtmA sajjanoM kA paritrANa evaM uddhAra karane aura apanI lIlA dikhAne ke lie manuSyAdi ke rUpa meM avatarita nahIM hotaa| paramAtmA sadaiva pUjanIya, vandanIya aura saMsmaraNIya hai| yaha paramapitA paramAtmA kA dUsarA rUpa hai, isameM manuSya paramAtmA ke barAbara khar3A hai| isameM usako apanI icchAnusAra karma karane kI pUrNa svataMtratA hai| vaha kisI ke adhIna nhiiN| parantu karmaphala kI prApti ke lie use paramAtmA ke dvAra khaTakhaTAne par3ate haiN| paramAtmA kA yaha rUpa Arya samAja dvArA mAnya hai|' tRtIya rUpa-paramAtmA kA tIsarA rUpa isa prakAra hai-pratyeka AtmA meM paramAtmabhAva kA nivAsa hai| usa para karmoM kA AvaraNa AyA huA hai| zarIra ko AtmA mAnane vAlA bahirAtmA jaba apane Upara chAye hue karmAvaraNoM ko dUra karake antarAtmA bana jAtA hai aura vahI samyagdRSTisampanna tapa-saMyama se yukta antarAtmA dhIre-dhIre caturya guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~cakara AtmaguNaghAtaka cAra ghAtikamoM kA sarvathA kSaya kara detA hai, aura vItarAga kevalajJAnI (sarvajJa) arhat paramAtmA bana jAtA hai, phira zeSa cAroM hI karmoM kA kSaya karake caudahaveM guNasthAna meM ayogI kevalI hokara niraMjana, nirAkAra, videha, sarvakarmamukta, siddha, buddha paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| 1. jJAna kA amRta, se sArAMza grahaNa, pR. 76-77 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 255 ataH vyakti kI dRSTi se paramAtmA eka nahIM, ananta haiM, kintu paramAtmabhAva kI dRSTi se sabhI paramAtmA samAna haiN| sabhI meM paramAtmabhAva eka jaisA hI hai| paramAtmA sAdi bhI hai, aura anAdi bhI hai| eka jIva kI apekSA paramAtmabhAva sAdi hai, aura sabhI muktAtmAoM kI apekSA se paramAtmabhAva anAdi hai| paramAtmabhAva ananta hai, usakA kabhI anta nahIM Ane paataa| paramAtmA vyakti kI apekSA sarva vyApaka nahIM hai, kintu usake jJAnAloka meM samagra vizva AbhAsita ho rahA hai, ataH jJAna kI apekSA se vaha sarvavyApaka ___ mukta paramAtmA ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta Atmika sukha, aura ananta Atmazakti se sampanna hai| vaha jagat kA kartA, dhartA-saMhartA nahIM hai| aura na hI vaha karma-preraka hai,na karmaphaladAtA hai| saMsAra ke kisI bhI prapaMca meM usakA koI hastakSepa nahIM hai| samasta jIva karma karane meM svataMtra haiN| paramAtmA jIva ko karma karane kI preraNA nahIM detA; na hI kisI karma ko karane kA niSedha karatA hai| jIva jaisA-jaisA zubha yA azubha karma karatA hai, usakA phala use svataH mila jAtA hai| karmakartA ke AtmapradezoM para lage hue (zliSTa) karma paramANu hI use (jIva ko) niyamAnusAra apanA phala svayaM de dete haiN| paramAtmA kA usake sAtha pratyakSa yA parokSa koI vAstA nahIM hai| karmaphala pAne ke lie paramAtmA mAdhyama nahIM bntaa| jIva kA karma yA karmaphala paramAtmA ke adhIna nahIM hai| jIva kisI bhI dRSTi se paramAtmA ke adhIna nahIM hai| vaha svataMtra hai| ___ siddha-buddha-mukta paramAtmA punaH saMsAra meM avatarita nahIM hotaa| vaha avatArarUpa meM Akara kisI kA vinAza yA uddhAra (paritrANa) nahIM krtaa| vaha na kisI ko mAratA hai, na jilAtA hai| sabhI jIva apane-apane AyuSya karma ke anusAra jIte-marate haiN| jIva apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA-hantA hai| svarga aura naraka, manuSya ke apane-apane satkarma (puNya) aura duSkarma (pApa) ke pariNAma haiN| apanI jIvana naiyA ko tArane-Dubone vAlA jIva svayaM hI hai| Izvara ko isase koI vAstA nahIM hai| ___ isake bAvajUda bhI paramAtmA adhyAtmasAdhanA kA sarvopari sAdhya hai| vahI antima dhyeya hai| manuSya ko apane bhItara soye hue paramAtmabhAva ko jagAkara sarvakarmoM ko kATa kara eka dina paramAtma-loka meM pahu~canA hai| yaha paramapitA paramAtmA kA tIsarA rUpa hai, jo jainadharma paramparA dvArA mAnya hai| 1. vahI, pR. 78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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256 . karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isa dRSTi se paramapitA paramAtmA vaMdanIya, pUjanIya, namaskaraNIya aura saMsmaraNIya hai| isa tIsare paramAtmarUpa meM manuSya ko hI pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| paramAtmA kA sthAna kevala dhyeya yA lakSya ke rUpa meM hI yahA~ rakhA gayA hai| karmavijJAna-kSetra meM aise paramAtmA kI kyA upayogitA hai? yahA~ eka prazna hotA hai-jainadarzana ke anusAra jaba paramAtmA kucha kartA-dhartA evaM jagat-nirmAtA nahIM hai, aura na hI jagat ke jIvoM kA bhAgya vidhAtA aura karma-phalapradAtA hai tathA saMsAra ke kisI bhI prapaMca meM usakA hastakSepa nahIM hai, aura na vaha hamArA. kucha lAbha-nukasAna kara sakatA hai; taba phira paramAtmA kA bhajana-pUjana karane kI, usakI bhakti-stuti karane kI tathA usako vandana- namana evaM usakA smaraNa-kIrtana karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? karmavijJAna ke kSetra meM aise paramAtmA kI kyA upayogitA hai ? paramAtmA kI stuti-bhakti Adi se mahAn lAbha jainakarmavijJAna ke anusAra vItarAga jIvanmukta evaM videhamukta paramAtmA kA smaraNa, kIrtana, guNa-cintana, tathA unakI stuti - bhakti Adi Atmazuddhi, AtmazAnti, AtmasamAdhi evaM AtmavikAsa ke lie atyAvazyaka mAnA gayA hai| ' uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki caturviMzati arhat (vItarAga) paramAtmA kI stuti (stava) karane se jIva darzana (samyaktva) vizuddhi prApta kara letA hai| parameSThI tathA paramAtmA ke vandana se jIva nIca gotra karma kA kSaya karake ucca gotra karma kA bandha kara letA hai tathA apratihata saubhAgya ko evaM AjJAphala ko prApta kara letA hai| sAtha hI vaha dAkSiNyabhAva (janatA ke dvArA anukUla bhAva ) bhI upalabdha kara letA hai| isI prakAra vItarAga paramAtmA kA stava evaM unakI stuti maMgala karane se jIva ko samyagjJAna-darzanacAritrarUpa bodhilAbha prApta hotA hai| jJAna-darzana- cAritra rUpa bodhilAbha se sampanna jIva antakriyA (mukti) ke yogya athavA (kalpoM) vaimAnika devoM meM utpanna hone yogya ArAdhanA kara letA hai| Avazyaka sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki ina paMcaparameSThI bhagavantoM ko namaskAra karane se samasta pApakarmoM kA praNAza hotA hai| tathA ina vItarAga mukta siddha paramAtmA kA kIrtana (guNAnuvAda), vandana aura pUjana karane se AdhyAtmika jIvana meM svasthatA aura uttama samAdhi prApta ho jAtI hai|" 1. 2. vahI (paM. jJAnamunijI) se, pR. 79 (ka) cauvIsatthaeNaM daMsaNa visohiM jaNaya / - uttarAdhyayana a.29 sU. 9 (kha) vaMdaNaeNaM nIyAgoyaM kammaM khavei | uccAgoyaM kammaM nibaMdha / sohaggaM ca apaDihayaM ANAphalaM nivvattei / dAhiNabhAvaM ca NaM jaNayai // " - uttarA. a. 29 sU. 10 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 257 jaise darpaNa ko dekhakara manuSya apane cehare para lage hue dAga ko sApha kara letA hai, vaise hI paramAtmA ko Adarza mAnakara manuSya apanI AtmA ke dAgoM ko dho sakatA hai| AtmA para kAma, krodha, moha, lobha, mada, matsara, ajJAna, abodha Adi vikAroM ke dAga lage hue haiM, prabhu ke smaraNa evaM kIrtana se inakA sadbodha prApta hotA hai, aura vyakti vItarAga paramAtmA se apanI AtmA kI tulanA karake una vikAroM ke kAluSya ko tathA karmoM ke AvaraNa ko dUra karake vItarAga mukta paramAtma-pada pAne ke lie prerita hotA hai / saMsArI jIva savikAra hai, aura paramAtmA nirvikAra hai, donoM meM karma malinatA aura karma rahitatA kA hI antara hai / isa antara ko manuSya AtmA aura paramAtmA ke cintana-manana aura bodha se miTA sakatA hai| jaina karma vijJAna batAtA hai ki paramAtmasvarUpa ko prApta karane hetu sarvakarmoM kA kSaya karane kI sAdhanA se tathA Atma-svarUpa meM ramaNatA se Atmazuddhi evaM AtmazAnti svataH prApta ho jAtI hai / " Izvara aura jIva meM antara karmoM kA hai jaina darzana kA yaha mantavya hai ki Izvara aura jIva meM viSamatA kA kAraNa aupAdhika karma hai| karmAvaraNoM ke haTa jAne para viSamatA Tika nahIM sktii| Azaya yaha hai ki jIva apane karmoM se baMdhA huA hai, aura Izvara una saba karmoM se mukta ho cukA hai| eka vicAraka ne ThIka hI kahA hai 44 'AtmA paramAtmA meM karma hI kA bheda hai| kATa de ra karma to phira bheda hai, nA kheda hai / " azuddha AtmA saMsArI : zuddha AtmA mukta paramAtmA jaise sone meM se maila nikAla diyA jAe to sone ke azuddha rahane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai, vaha zuddha ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra AtmA meM se karmamala dUra ho jAe to phira AtmA zuddha hokara paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| azuddha AtmA saMsArI hai aura zuddha AtmA mukta paramAtmA hai|2 (ga) "dhava - thui-maMgaleNaM nANa-daMsaNa-caritta - bohilAbhaM jaNayaI / nANa- daMsaNa-caritta bohilAbha-saMpanne yaNaM jIve aMtakiriyaM kappa vimANovavattigaM ArAhaNaM ArAhei / ' - uttarA. a. 29 sU. 14 - namaskAra mahAmaMtra - caturviMzatistava pATha se (gha) "eso paMca NamokkAro, savvapAvappaNAsaNI, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhamaM havai maMgalaM // " (Ga) kittiya - vaMdiya-mahiyA je e logassa uttamA siddhA, Arugga bohi lAbhaM samAhivaramuttamaM ditu // " 1. jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 79 2. jainatva kI jhAMkI (upAdhyAya amaramuni) se, pR. 168 For Personal & Private Use Only

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258 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) pratyeka jIva karma karane, phala bhogane, karma nirodha aura karma kSaya karane meM svataMtra niSkarSa yaha hai ki pratyeka jIva karma ke lie jaise svataMtra hai, vaise hI svayaM karmaphala bhogane meM bhI tathA samabhAva se karmaphala bhoga kara tathA naye karmoM ke Agamana ko rokane aura prAcIna karmoM ko tapa evaM saMyama se kSaya karane meM bhI vaha svataMtra hai| usameM Izvara kA koI bhI hastakSepa nahIM hai| jar3a karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM? saMkSipta samAdhAna jainakarmavijJAna para yaha AkSepa hai ki karma jar3a haiM, ve apanA phala kaise pradAna kara sakate haiM ? isakA samAdhAna hama agale nibandha meM vistAra se kreNge|' yahA~ to itanA hI kahanA hai ki mAnA ki karma jar3a haiM, parantu jaba jIva ke sAtha unakA samparka hotA hai, taba usa samparka se karmoM meM aisI zakti paidA ho jAtI hai ki ve jIva para acchA-burA prabhAva DAla sakate haiN| jisa prakAra negeTiva aura pojiTiva tAra alaga-alaga rahate haiM, taba unase bijalI paidA nahIM hotI, kintu jaba ve donoM tAra mila jAte haiM, taba unameM bijalI kI zakti paidA ho jAtI hai aura usase hITara, kUlara, paMkhA, rozanI Adi meM svica oNna karate hI svataH saMcAlana kriyA ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra jIva (cetana) ke saMyoga se karma meM aisI zakti svataH paidA ho jAtI hai ki vaha acche bure vipAkoM (karmaphaloM) ko niyata samaya para svataH prakaTa kara detA hai| jaina karma vijJAna yaha nahIM mAnatA ki cetana ke samparka ke binA hI jar3akarma phala dene meM samartha haiM; parantu yaha avazya mAnatA hai ki karmoM kA phala pradAna karane ke lie Izvara rUpa cetana kI preraNA mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| kyoMki sabhI jIva cetana haiM, unameM rAgAdi vikAroM ke kAraNa karma paramANu praviSTa aura zliSTa ho jAte haiM aura samaya para apanA phala dete haiN| karma kartA cAhe yA na cAhe, karma apanA phala avazya detA hai ___ sAMsArika jIva cAhe alpajJa ho, apane sukha-duHkha ko samajhane meM samartha na ho, karma-kartA cAhe yA na cAhe phira bhI karma to apanA phala svayameva hI de dete haiN| viSabhakSaNa kara lene para koI vyakti cAhe yA na cAhe, viSa apanA prabhAva usa para dikhalAtA hI hai| isalie yaha AkSepa bhI nirAdhAra hai ki prAyaH jIva bure karma (pApa) karate haiM, kintu unakA phala pAnA yA bhoganA nahIM cAhate; kyoMki sAre hI jIva cetana haiM, ve jaisA karma karate haiM, usa samaya pariNAma bhI vaise bana jAte haiM, buddhi bhI vaisI hI ho jAtI hai, 1. karma apanA phala kaise pradAna karate haiM ? nibandha meM vistAra se vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| saM. 2. karmagrantha bhAga 1 (prastAvanA) (marudhara kesarI mizrImalajI ma.) se, pR. 29 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 259 jisase bure karma kI icchA na rahane para bhI ve mohAvivaza aisA kRtya kara baiThate haiM ki unheM apane karmAnusAra svataH phala mila jAtA hai| karma karanA aura phala na cAhanA, ye donoM alaga-alaga sthitiyA~ haiN| kevala cAha na hone se hI kRtakarma kA phala milane se ruka nahIM sktaa| jaise tIra chUTa jAne para use vApasa lauTAnA tIra chor3ane vAle ke vaza kI bAta nahIM hai, vaise hI karma bandha jAne para tathA udaya meM Ane para usakA phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai| jaba taka karma saMcita (sattA meM ) rahatA hai, taba taka karmakarttA cAhe to usake phala meM parivartana kara sakatA hai| yaha alaga bAta hai| sAmagrI ekatrita hone para kArya svataH hone lagatA hai| jaise-eka manuSya dhUpa meM khar3A hai, garma cIja khA rahA hai, phira vaha cAhe ki pipAsA na lage to usakI pipAsA ruka nahIM sakatI, vaise hI karma karate samaya tIvra-manda jaise bhI rAgAdiyukta pariNAma hote haiM tadanusAra jIva meM aise saMskAra par3a jAte haiM, jinase prerita hokara karmakarttA jIva svayaM barabasa karmaphala bhogatA hai, usake phalapradAna meM Izvara kI koI preraNA nahIM hotI / " jIva svayaM karma karatA hai, svayaM hI phala pAtA hai, karma hI phaladAtA hai ataH jainakarmavijJAna kA akATya siddhAnta hai ki jIva jaise karma karane meM svataMtra hai, vaise hI vaha usa karma kA phala bhogane meM bhI svataMtra hai, parAdhIna nahIM; arthAt-Izvara yA dUsare ke adhIna nhiiN| makar3I svayaM jAlA bunatI hai aura svayaM hI usameM phaMsa jAtI hai| kyA makar3I ko jAle meM phaMsAne ke lie kisI dUsare niyAmaka kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai ? zarAbI zarAba pItA hai to kyA zarAbI ko zarAba ke sivAya dUsarI koI zakti AtI hai* nazA car3hAne ke lie? zarAba ko vaha svayaM hI pItA hai, tabhI zarAba use nazA car3hAtI hai aura zarAba ke naze se mukta bhI vahI ho sakatA hai ? mirca khAne vAlA vyakti svayaM hI mirca khAtA hai, svayaM mirca hI khAne vAle kA muha~ jalAtI hai, to kyA mu~ha jalAne ke lie aura koI AtA hai mirca ke sivAya ? isIlie cANakya nIti meM kahA gayA hai - "AtmA svayaM (acchA-burA) karma karatA haiM, aura svayaM hI usakA phala bhogatA hai| svayaM hI karmavaza saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai aura svayaM hI karmoM se mukta hotA hai / " jainAcArya amitagati sUri ne bhI ThIka hI kahA hai- "pahale apane dvArA kRtakarma kA zubhAzubha phala svayaM hI jIva pAtA hai, svataH hI bhogatA hai| koI devI, deva, niyati, Izvara yA anya koI samartha vyakti karmaphala yA karmaphala ke rUpa meM sukha-duHkha detA hai, aisA mAnane para svayaM karma karanA vyartha siddha hotA hai|" 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 75 For Personal & Private Use Only

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260 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isIlie niSkarSa aura upadeza ke rUpa meM AcArya amitagati kahate haiM-saMsArI dehadhArI jIva apane hI kiye hue karmoM kA phala pAte haiN| isake atirikta dUsarA koI kisI ko kucha bhI (karmaphala) detA-letA nahIM hai| he bhadra ! ananyacitta hokara isa vicAradhArA para aTala niSThA rakhakara yahI socanA cAhie tathA dUsarA koI kucha (karmaphala) de detA hai, isa buddhi (vicAradhArA) kA tyAga kara denA caahie|' tAtparya yaha hai ki saMsArI jIvoM ko karmoM kA phala-pradAtA Izvara yA tathAkathita koI bhI viziSTa cetana-tattva siddha nahIM hotaa| karmakartA jIva ko karma apanA phala niyamAnusAra svayaM hI pradAna karate haiN| jIva ko apane kRta-karmoM kA phala svataH hI dera-sabera se prApta hotA rahatA hai; aura jaba taka vaha naye karmoM kA nirodha aura purAne karmoM kA kSaya svataH nahIM kara letA, taba taka svataMtra rUpa se karma karatA rahatA hai, aura unakA phala bhI bhogatA rahatA hai| Izvara kA karma karane kI preraNA karane meM aura una karmoM kA phala bhugavAne meM koI hAtha nahIM hai| Izvara karmaphaladAtA nahIM : eka dRSTi meM Izvara ko karmaphala-dAtA mAnane para nimnalikhita doSAptiyA~ AtI haiM (1) yadi Izvara ko pUrvajanmakRta karmoM ke zubhAzubha phala kA pradAtA mAnA jAe to jIva ke dvArA svayaM kiye gae karma vyartha ho jaaeNge| (2) yadi Izvara jIvoM ko karmaphalapradAna unake puNya-pApa ke anusAra karatA hai to Izvara ko svataMtra kahanA vyartha ho jAegA, kyoMki vaha phala-pradAna karane meM adRSTa kI sahAyatA letA hai| jIvoM ko apane adRSTa ke anusAra (zubhAzubha karmodaya se) to svataH sukha-duHkha prApta ho jAtA hai phira Izvara kI phaladAtA ke rUpa meM kalpanA karanA vyartha hai| (3) adRSTa ke acetana hone se kisI buddhimAn kI preraNA se hI Izvara phala de sakatA hai, yaha kathana bhI ucita nahIM hai| phira to hama logoM kI preraNA se bhI adRSTa phala de sakatA hai| ataH Izvara-preraNA se adRSTa ke dvArA phala dene kI bAta bhI ThIka nahIM hai| -cANakya nIti 1. (ka) vahI, pR.76 (kha) svayaM karma karotyAtmA, svayaM tatphalamaznute / svayaM bhramati saMsAre svayaM tasmAd vimucyte|| (ga) svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA purA, phalaM tadIyaM labhate shubhaashubhm| pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tdaa|| nijArjitaM karma vihAya dehino na ko'pi kasyApi dadAti kiNcn| vicArayanneva mananyamAnasaH paro dadAtIti vimucya shemussiim|| - sAmAyika pATha For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM kA phaladAtA kauna ? 261 kyoMki adRSTa to dUsare kI preraNA ke binA hI svayogyatA evaM kSamatA ke anusAra jIvoM ko sukha-duHkha prApta karAtA hai| Izvara ko jIvoM ke adRSTa kA kartA mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM, kyoMki jIva svayaM apane puNya-pApa Adi karmoM kA kartA hai| (4) Izvara-preraNA se jIva zubhAzubha kAryoM meM pravRtta hotA hai, yaha mAnyatA bhI yathArtha nahIM hai| kyoMki jIva pUrvopArjita puNya pApakarmoM ke udaya hone para zubhAzubha pariNAmAnusAra hI kArya meM pravRtta hotA hai| (5) Izvara ko karmaphaladAtA mAnane se use kumbhakAra kI taraha zarIradhArI kartA mAnanA pdd'egaa| kumbhakAra to zarIrI hai, kintu Izvara azarIrI hai| vaha kisI ko dikhAI nahIM detaa| ataH mukta AtmA kI taraha azarIrI Izvara kisI ke karmoM kA phaladAtA nahIM ho sktaa| (6) Izvara ko zubhAzubha karmoM kA phaladAtA mAnane para kisI ko nindanIya kArya kA daNDa nahIM milanA cAhie, kyoMki vaise kAryoM ke lie una jIvoM ko Izvara ne hI prerita kiyA hai| magara una jIvoM ko hatyA Adi kukarmoM kA daNDa milatA hai| isalie Izvara ko kisI ko zubhAzubha karmoM kA phaladAtA mAnanA aneka doSoM se paripUrNa aura nyAyocita nahIM hai|' ina saba tathyoM ke prakAza meM Izvara karmaphaladAtA siddha nahIM hotA, karma hI apanA phala svayaM dete haiN| . 1. (ka) jainadarzana meM Atma vicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina) se sArAMza grahaNa pR. 218-219 (kha) SaDdarzana samuccaya TIkA kA0 46 pR. 182-183 (ga) vistRta vivecana ke lie dekheM-aSTasahanI, prameya kamala mArtaNDa, syAdvAda-maMjarI Adi grnth| For Personal & Private Use Only

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pUrva prakaraNa meM hamane vibhinna dRSTiyoM se Izvara dvArA karmaphala- pradAtRtva kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jisase yaha siddha ho gayA ki jIva ko usake karmoM kA phaladAtA Izvara yA koI anya zakti nahIM ho sktii| AtmA svayaM zubhAzubha karma karatA hai, aura svayaM hI karma ke prabhAva se arthAt-karmoM kI phalotpAdanazakti se usakA phala bhI bhoga letA hai / isa dRSTi se karma svayaM hI jIva ko phala pradAna karatA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to -karma svayaM hI jIva ko apane-apane kRtakarma kA phala bhugavAtA hai| jar3a karma apanA phala kaise detA hai? 3 karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? prazna ho sakatA hai-karma to pudgala haiM, jar3a haiM, ajIva haiM, cetanArahita haiM, aura jJAna to jIva ko hotA hai; kyoMki vahI usakA guNa hai, ajIva karmoM ko jJAna to hotA nhiiN| ataH karma ko na to apane zubha yA azubha hone kA jJAna hai, aura na hI use yaha jJAna hai ki isa karma kA yaha phala hai, usa karma kA vaha, yA yaha karma acchA hai to usakA phala acchA denA cAhie tathA vaha karma burA hai to usakA phala burA denA caahie| saMkSepa meM, karmoM ko zubha yA azubha rUpa meM phala pradAna karane kA koI jJAna nahIM hotaa| spaSTa zabdoM meM kahe to - jar3a karmoM ko kyA patA hai - kisa prANI ko, kahA~, kaba, kisa rUpa meM aura kaise sukha-duHkha rUpa phala denA hai ? aisI sthiti meM jaba una jar3a karmoM ko yaha saba jJAna hI nahIM hai, taba bhalA ve kaise yathocita aura yathAvyavasthita rUpa meM jIva ko yathAsamaya usake dvArA kRta zubha yA azubha karma kA phala de sakeMge ?" karma jJAnazUnya avazya hai, zakti zUnya nahIM prazna bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai, sAmayika hai, parantu jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJa tIrthaMkaroM, AcAryoM evaM vizeSajJa muniyoM tathA manISiyoM ne isa prazna kA bahuta hI sundara aura yuktisaMgata, anubhUtiyukta evaM zrutiyukta samAdhAna diyA hai| 1. jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 40 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 263 jainakarmavijJAna kA kathana hai ki karma jar3a hai, cetanArahita hai, isa satyatA se koI inkAra nahIM hai, karma pudgaloM kI jar3atA jaina jagat meM AbAla-vRddha prasiddha hai, kintu jar3a karmapudgaloM meM koI zakti nahIM hai, ve sarvathA zaktivihIna haiM, yaha jAnanA aura mAnanA kathamapi ucita nahIM hai| saMsAra meM karma ke sivAya anya anekoM jar3a padArtha haiN| aNu-paramANu bhI jar3a haiM, auSadhiyA~, davAiyA~, iMjekzana Adi bhI jar3a haiM, roTI, dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, mirca, masAle, madya Adi tathA anya pakAye hue khAdya padArtha bhI jar3a haiN| saMsAra ke samasta padArtha binA kisI kI preraNA ke, athavA binA kisI jJAna ke apanA prabhAva dikhalAte hI haiN| jar3a padArtha apane-apane DhaMga se, apanI-apanI zakti kA camatkAra batAte dekhe gae haiN| isa tathya se koI bhI samajhadAra vyakti inkAra nahIM kara sakatA ki aNubama, paramANu bama Adi jar3a padArthoM ne hirozimA aura nAgAsAkI para kitanA kahara barasA diyA? aNubama kA visphoTa kitanA bhayaMkara, kitanA zaktizAlI aura saMhArakAraka, evaM vinAzaka hotA hai ? isa tathya se sabhI paricita haiN| AhAra grahaNa karane ke bAda kI svataH prakriyA kI taraha karma grahaNa ke pazcAt phaladAna prakriyA hama AhAra karate haiN| AhAra ke pudgaloM ko grahaNa karate haiM, khIMcate haiN| usake bAda vaha AhAra svataH pacAne vAle rasa ke sAtha milakara pakatA hai| isakI svataHkriyA se vaha sAre zarIra meM phailaa| jo sArabhUta thA, vaha mastiSka Adi vibhinna avayavoM meM gyaa| jo niHssAra bhAga thA, vaha mala-mUtrAdi banakara bAhara niklaa| bar3I AMta meM gayA to utsargakriyA huii| ye saba kriyAe~ zarIra meM AhAra ke pahu~cate hI svataH hone lagatI haiN| AhAra ke una gRhIta pudgaloM kA vargIkaraNa bhI ho jAtA hai, vibhAjana bhii| AhAra meM gRhIta pudgaloM ke svabhAva kA bhI svataH nirNaya ho jAtA hai| AhAra peTa meM DAlane ke pazcAt vyakti koI bhI kriyA nahIM karatA hai-pacAne kI; rasa, rakta, mAMsa, majjA Adi dhAtu svayaM nirmita hote cale jAte haiN| jahA~ jo honA hai, vaha svataH hotA calA jAtA hai| zakti bhI mila jAtI hai aura UrjA bhii| isake sivAya bhI AhAra karane ke pazcAt gRhIta khAdya padArtha apane-apane svabhAva ke anusAra kAma karane lagate haiN| jaise-kisI ke zarIra meM cikanAI kI AvazyakatA hai, vahA~ khAye hue snigdha padArtha svayameva usakI pUrti kara dete haiN| jahA~ proTIna, zvetasAra yA jisa-jisa viTAmina kI jarUrata hotI hai, vahA~ ve padArtha bhojana ke dvArA pahu~ca kara kAma karane lagate haiN| davA zarIra meM jahA~ roga hai, vahA~ pahu~cakara kAma karatI hai .. hameM yaha bahuta Azcaryajanaka lagatA hai ki zarIra ke amuka hisse meM roga hotA hai, ... 1. vahI, pR. 41 For Personal & Private Use Only

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264 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bImAra peTa meM davA letA hai, kintu vaha davA jahA~ bImArI hai, vahI pahu~cakara usa bImArI ko miTAne kA kAma karatI hai| mastaka meM darda hai to vaha davA vahIM pahu~ca kara usa darda ko miTA detI hai| peTa dukhatA hai to vaha davA peTa meM hI pahu~cakara usakI pIr3A ko zAnta kara detI hai| prazna hotA hai, jJAnazUnya davA ko kyA patA hai, amuka jagaha roga hai, use mujhe miTAnA hai ? kauna use vahA~ pahu~cAtA hai aura roga miTAtA hai ? peTa meM darda hai to vaha davA A~kha meM kyoM nahIM pahu~catI ? koI Izvara usa roga ko nahIM miTAtA, na hI anya koI zarIra meM jAkara kriyA karatA hai ? isakA samucita samAdhAna yaha hai ki zarIra meM jo jIva dvArA Ata pudgala haiM, unameM aisI svAbhAvika zakti aura AkarSaNa vyavasthA hai ki zarIra ke jisa aMga meM, jisa tattva kI kamI hai, use davA ke paramANu pudgala jIva ke dvArA peTa meM DAlate hI vaha usa dizA meM svataH AkRSTa hokara cale jAte haiM aura usa tattva kI pahale pUrti kara dete haiN| zarIra meM proTIna kI kamI hai to AhAra meM liyA huA proTIna unhIM aMgopAMgoM yA sailoM kI ora khiMca jAtA hai| karmapudgala bhI AkRSTa hokara Ane ke pazcAt svataH kArya karate haiM yahI tathya karma-pudgaloM ke sambandha meM samajhie / karma pudgaloM kA grahaNa karanA bhI eka prakAra kA AhAra hai| vyakti kI zArIrika-mAnasika caMcalatA ke kAraNa karmapudgala AkRSTa hote haiN| karmapudgala Akara usake AtmapradezoM ke sAtha cipaka jAte haiN| mila jAte haiN| phira una karmapudgaloM kA svabhAva ke anusAra vibhAjana yA vargIkaraNa hotA hai| karma jIva ke sAtha milate hI apanA kArya zurU kara dete haiM / kartA ke kaSAyoM tathA rAgadveSa pariNAmoM ke anusAra unakI phala bhugavAne kI kAlasImA nirdhArita hotI hai| jisa prakAra karmaparamANu gRhIta hote haiM, ve apane sajAtIya paramANuoM dvArA AkarSita kiye jAte haiN| phira ve usI dizA meM sakriya hokara apanA kAma karanA zurU kara dete haiN| unameM phala dene kI zakti svataH paidA ho jAtI hai| jIva ke dvArA karma paramANuoM ke AkRSTa hote hI unameM eka viziSTa kSamatA paidA ho jAtI hai| use jainakarmavijJAna kI bhASA meM kahate haiM - anubhAga bandha ( rasAnubhAva), usI kA phalitArtha hai - karma kI phalapradAna zakti yA kssmtaa| usake lie Izvara ko karmaphala kA niyaMtA mAnane kI jarUrata nahIM / karmoM kI phaladAna zakti meM taratamatA kyoM? jisa prakAra saMsAra ke sabhI paramANuoM meM eka sarIkhI kSamatA yA zakti nahIM hotI, usameM bhI vibhinna prakAra kI taratamatA hotI hai, usI prakAra karmoM meM yA eka hI prakAra ke karma meM sadA eka sarIkhI zakti nirmita nahIM hotI / karma paramANuoM kI saMracanA ke kAraNa tathA vyakti kI rAgAdi pariNAmoM kI tIvratA - mandatA ke AdhAra para karmoM kI phala dAna zakti meM taratamatA hotI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 265 karmoM kI phaladAna zakti meM tAratamya kyoM? bImAra AdamI ko DaoNkTara dekhatA hai, use usake roga ke anusAra amuka davA yA iMjekzana likha detA hai| carmaroga hai to vaha viTAmina DI ko lene kI salAha detA hai| viTAmina DI meM carmaroga miTAne kI zakti hai, kintu homyopaithika DaoNkTara rogI kI prakRti, roga kI tIvratA-mandatA dekhakara hI hAI yA lo poTeMsI (zakti) vAlI goliyA~ sevana karane ko kahatA hai| homyopaithika davAiyA~ 6, 30, 100, 200, 1000 se lekara lAkha poTeMsI taka kI hotI haiN| una davAiyoM kI kSamatA ke anusAra ve roga ko miTAne meM samartha hotI haiN| ___yahI bAta karmoM kI phaladAnazakti ke sambandha meM hai| yadi rAga dveSa tIvra hotA hai to karmapudgaloM kI phaladAnazakti bhI tIvra ho jAtI hai, manda hotA hai to phala dene kI zakti bhI manda hotI hai| jisa prakAra davAoM ke sevana ke pazcAt usakA manacAhA pariNAma lAnA DaoNkTara yA rogI ke hAtha kI bAta nahIM; usakA pariNAma svataH nirmita hotA hai| isI prakAra karma karane ke bAda usakA manacAhA yA nyUnAdhika phala pAnA kartA ke hAtha kI bAta nahIM, karma meM svataH udbhUta zakti se phala prApta hotA hai| karmoM kI phaladAnazakti kartA ke rAgAdi pariNAmoM kI tIvratA-mandatA para AdhArita hai| karma ko svayaM acche-bure yA phaladAna kA jJAna nahIM hotA, kintu jIva ke rAgadveSAdi pariNAma ke sAtha svataH AkRSTa hokara phala dene kI usameM zakti udbhUta ho jAtI hai| magha aura dUdha kI taraha jJAnazUnya hone para bhI karma apanA prabhAva dikhAtA hai ___ madya aura dUdha donoM jar3a padArtha haiN| ina donoM ko apane bure aura acche phala kA koI bodha nahIM hotA, tathApi ina donoM meM burA aura acchA prabhAva DAlane kI kSamatA dekhI jAtI hai| dUdha jJAnahIna hote hue bhI sevana kiye jAne para peTa meM pahu~catA hai evaM rasabhAga aura khala bhAga ke rUpa meM vibhakta hokara alaga-alaga rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| dUdha ko apane mAdhurya, zaktivarddhakatA evaM svAsthyapoSakatA Adi sadaguNoM kA koI bodha nahIM hotA, phira bhI jaba manuSya gAya, bhaiMsa yA bakarI Adi kA dUdha pItA hai, taba vaha pIne vAle ke jIvana meM apanI vizeSatAoM kA prabhAva dikhAtA hai| dugdhapAna karane se zrAnta aura klAnta vyakti meM navajIvana kA saMcAra hotA hai| kSudhA se pIr3ita manuSya athavA upavAsa, belA, telA Adi tapasyA meM rata mAnava jaba dUdha se pAraNA karatA hai, to zarIra meM sphUrti, zakti, tAjagI aura navacetanA A jAtI hai| dUdha ke sevana se vidyArthI ko bauddhika zakti milatI hai| dudhamuhe bAlaka ko mAtA kA dUdha milate hI usake utsAha aura bala meM vRddhi hotI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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266 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) prazna hotA hai, dUdha kA camatkAra to hama sabakA jAnA mAnA hai, dUdha ko isa prakAra kA preraka athavA dUdha meM zakti saMcAra kartA yA sphUrtipreraka kauna hai ? yaha satya hai ki dUdha ke paramANuoM meM svataH aisI zakti nihita hai, jo prANI ke sevana karate hI usake muAe hue jIvana-puSpa ko vikasita kara dete haiN| sevana kartA ko dUdha svayaM hI sphUrti aura zakti ke rUpa meM phala pradAna karatA hai| jaise-dUdha jar3a hai, apanI guNasampadA se sarvathA anabhijJa hai, apane meM nihita viziSTa zaktiyoM kA use koI jJAna nahIM hai, phira bhI sevana karane vAle vyakti ke jIvana meM apanA phala pragaTa karatA hai; bauddhika aura zArIrika dRSTi se use paripoSaNa detA hai; tathaiva karma jar3a hai, apanI viziSTa zaktiyoM se anabhijJa hai, phira bhI vaha usake kartA ke jIvana ko apanI zaktiyoM se camatkRta evaM prabhAvita karatA hai, karmakartA jIva ko acche-bure phala pradAna karatA hai|' ___ madirA kI phala dene kI zakti se bhI Apa saba paricita haiN| jaba koI vyakti madyapAna kara letA hai, dezI yA videzI zarAba, vAina, vhiskI Adi pI letA hai, to vaha pIne vAle ko nazA car3hAtI hai, naze meM dhuta hokara vaha uchalatA, kUdatA hai, nAcatA hai, aMTazaMTa bakatA hai, gAlI galauja karatA hai, besudha hokara nAliyoM meM gira jAtA hai| aura to aura, madyapAna karane vAle kI aisI ghinaunI aura vikRta dazA ho jAtI hai ki kutte bhI usake mu~ha meM pezAba kara jAte haiN| madya yA dUdha pIne ke bAda yaha jarUrata nahIM hotI ki usakA phala dene ke lie Izvara yA koI dUsarA niyAmaka aae| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki madirA jar3a hote hue bhI usake sevana karane vAle ko svayaM apanA azubha phala pradAna karatI hai; usake jIvana ko prabhAvita karatI hai| jJAnazUnya mirca aura cInI kaise muMha jalA detI hai aura mIThA kara detI hai jar3a lAla mirca ko kyA jJAna hai khAne vAle AdamI kA mu~ha jalAne kA? phira bhI vaha khAne vAle kA muMha jalAtI hai| adhika khAne vAlA mukha se sI-sI zabda karatA hai, usake cehare para pasInA Ane lagatA hai| mirca ko aisA phala denA kisane sikhAyA thA? parantu usakA svabhAva hI aisA hai ki usameM aisI zakti paidA ho jAtI hai, jisase khAne vAle ke muMha ko caraparA kara detI hai| isI prakAra cInI yA cInI kI banI huI miThAiyA~ khAne vAle kA muMha mIThA kara detI haiN| cInI ko kyA jJAna hai, mAdhurya rUpa phala dene kA ? phira bhI jar3a cInI ke paramANuoM meM aisI zakti paidA ho jAtI hai ki vaha khAne-pIne vAle kA mu~ha madhuratA se 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 35-36 2. jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 42 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 267 sarAbora kara detI hai| sAtha hI adhika cInI aura cInI kI miThAiyA~ khAne vAle vyakti ke zarIra meM ve madhumeha, pAyariyA, kRmiroga Adi bhI paidA kara detI haiN| mirca yA cInI khAne ke bAda muMha jalAne yA mu~ha mIThA karane Izvara yA koI anya niyAmaka nahIM aataa| isI prakAra vibhinna khAdya padArthoM aura davAiyoM meM jJAnazUnyatA hone para bhI unake paramANuoM meM cetana ke sAtha samparka hone para eka viziSTa zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai| vaijJAnikoM dvArA AviSkRta jar3a padArthoM kI zakti kA camatkAra ___ jar3a paramANuoM kI vilakSaNa kAryakSamatAeM Aja kisI se chipI nahIM haiN| kyA paThita aura kyA apaThita sabhI Aja vaijJAnikoM dvArA AviSkRta paramANuoM kI svayaM sphUrta, svataH utpanna zaktiyoM ke aneka AzcaryotpAdaka camatkAra dekhate haiM, anubhava karate haiN| bijalI kI zakti ke aneka camatkAra to AbAla-vRddha prasiddha haiN| isake atirikta grAmophona, Teliphona, TelIvijana, reDiyo, vAyaralaisa, bIDio kaiseTa, Tepa rikArDiMga Adi anekAneka Adhunika jar3a jagat ke pratinidhi vaijJAnikoM dvArA AviSkRta vibhinna paramANuoM ke camatkAra bhI paramANu zakti ko ujAgara karate haiN| ina saba vaijJAnikoM dvArA AviSkRta padArthoM meM kisI Izvara, devI-deva yA koI anya zakti kAma nahIM karatI, yahA~ to paramANuzakti ke hI ye saba camatkAra haiN| ____ udAharaNArtha-reDiyo eka vaijJAnika AviSkAra hai| isase hajAroM mIla dUra baiThe saMgIta, bhASaNa sunA jAtA hai| isameM kahA~ to bolane vAlA baiThA hai, kahA~ sunane vAlA? parantu isa yaMtra meM aisI zakti hai ki yaha bhASA ke paramANuoM ko pakar3a letA hai, aura unheM usI bhASA ke rUpa meM dUra-dUra taka prasAraNa kara detA hai| isI prakAra ke anya yaMtroM meM bhI paramANuoM kI zakti ke aneka vidha camatkAra haiN| - jainakarmavijJAna dvArA nirdiSTa karma bhI kArmaNavargaNA ke paramANuoM kI zakti kA anekavidha camatkAra hai| jisa prakAra ye vaijJAnika upakaraNa yA yaMtra bhI bhASA vargaNA Adi ke paramANuoM ko dUra se AkarSita-Ahata hokara vahA~ zliSTa yA sthita ho jAte haiN| aura phira apanA camatkAra dikhAte haiN| isI prakAra karmayogya (kArmaNavargaNA) ke paramANu bhI jIva ke rAga-dveSa Adi pariNAmoM se AkRSTa hokara jIva ke AtmapradezoM ke sAtha zliSTa yA sambaddha ho jAte haiM, to jIva ke zubhAzubha adhyavasAyoM ke anusAra una karmoM meM zubha yA azubha karmaphala dene kI zakti bhI svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai| jisase ve samaya Ane para apane-Apa zubha yA azubha karmoM kA phala sukha yA duHkha ke rUpa meM prakaTa karate rahate haiN| isa prakAra karma jar3a hotA huA bhI karmakartA ke jIvana ko prabhAvita aura camatkRta kara detA hai| vaha samaya Ane para jIva ko acche-bure phala pradAna karatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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268 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) jar3a-paramANuoM kI vilakSaNa zakti ke camatkAra .. paramANuoM meM kitanI AkarSaNa aura vismayotpAdaka vilakSaNa zakti hai, aura Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne una paramANuoM kI zakti kA anveSaNa karake kisa-kisa prakAra se asambhava ko sambhava karake dikhalA diyA hai ? isake kucha pratyakSa udAharaNa paNDitavarya zrI jJAna munijI ne prastuta kiye haiM "una dinoM bhArata ke jAne-mAne vaijJAnika zrI haMsarAja jI 'vAyaralesa' ludhiyAnA aae| unhoMne vahA~ ke AryasamAja maMdira (dAla bAjAra) meM vaijJAnika zaktiyoM ke anekoM AzcaryotpAdaka camatkAra dikhlaae| paramANuoM ke vicitra aura vilakSaNa camatkAroM kA pradarzana karate hue unhoMne mastiSka ko cakarA dene vAlI anekoM vastue~ janatA ke samakSa rakhI thIM1. AvAja para calane vAlA bijalI kA paMkhA-... eka bijalI kA paMkhA dikhalAyA, jo suyogya putra kI taraha AjJA kA pAlana karatA hai-'calo' kahate hI cala par3atA hai tatkAla havA phaiMkane lagatA hai aura 'ruko' kahate hI tatkAla khar3A ho (sthira ho) jAtA hai| havA bikheranA baMda kara detA hai| adbhuta nala-. . . yaha nala itanA vismayotpAdaka hai ki manuSya ke sAmane aura nikaTa Ate hI jala girAne lagatA hai aura jaba manuSya usake Age se haTa jAtA hai, taba tatkAla jala girAnA baMda kara detA hai| bijalI kA balba-bijalI kA eka aisA balba dikhalAyA gayA, jo bijalI ke paMkhe kI taraha mAlika ke AdezAnusAra kAma karatA hai| use 'jalo' yaha AjJA dete hI vaha tatkAla prakAzamAna ho uThatA hai, ....... .. parantu jaba use 'bujha jAo' yaha saMketa kiyA jAtA hai, to vaha tatkAla bujha jAtA hai, prakAza denA baMda kara detA 4. jIvita mAnava (zarIra) kA reDio (yaMtra)-yaha vijJAna kA eka vilakSaNa camatkArika AviSkAra hai| manuSya ko eka vizeSa prakAra kA miksacara (eka peya auSadhi, jisameM kaI davAiyA~ milI rahatI haiM) pilA diyA jAtA hai| usa miksacara ke zarIra meM praveza karate hI ukta manuSya kA zarIra reDio (yaMtravat) bana jAtA hai| usase phira reDio kA progrAma (kAryakrama) sunA jA sakatA hai| TelIvijana-TelIvijana kA zAbdika artha hai-vyavadhAna rahate hue bhI dUra kI vastu ko dekhane kI kriyaa| vaise yaha eka vaijJAnika yaMtra hai, jisase kAryakrama prastuta karane vAle vyaktiyoM ke citra dekhe jAte haiN| TI. vI. sTezana meM kAryakrama prastuta karane vAle For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 269 jaisA kAryakrama prastuta karate haiM, jaise bolate, nAcate, gAte haiM, jaisA abhinaya karate haiM, jisa taraha bAteM karate haiM, vaha jyoM kA tyoM TelIvijana meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| TI.vI. (ke parde ) para calacitra kI philmeM bhI dikhAI jAtI haiN|' . inase paramANuoM meM avasthita adbhuta zaktiyoM ke camatkAroM kA bar3I saphalatA ke sAtha paricaya prApta ho jAtA hai| kitanI vicitra bAta hai ki hAtha lagAe binA hI bijalI ke balba aura paMkhe ko AjJA dete hI jagamagA uThatA hai tathA pAnI kA nala bhI sammukha Ate hI pAnI nIce girAne lagatA hai| jaba hAthoM ke sparza binA hI kevala jIbha se uccAraNa kiye hue bhASA ke paramANuoM ke prabhAva se bijalI kA paMkhA cala par3atA hai, athavA balba prakAzamAna ho uThatA hai, taba AtmA para lage hue yA lagane vAle karma-pudgalaparamANu prANi jIvana meM kisI bhI prakAra kI uthala-puthala kara deM, yA jIva ke adhyavasAya ke anusAra kabhI sukhI aura kabhI duHkhI banA deM, isameM Azcarya hI kyA hai ? aisA bhI nahIM hai ki balba aura paMkhe kA svayaM jalane aura svayaM cala par3ane ke pIche koI adRzya (parokSa) zakti kAma kara rahI hai, kintu mukha se nikalane vAle bhASA ke paramANuoM kA hI bijalI ke balba para yA pAnI ke nala para avyakta rUpa se aisA prabhAva par3atA hai ki balba jala uThatA hai, pAnI nala se calane (girane) lagatA hai| inake atirikta paramANu zakti ke Aja to aura bhI naye-naye camatkArapUrNa AviSkAra dekhe-sune jAte haiM, jinheM jAnakara koI bhI yaha nahIM kaha sakatA ki karmaparamANuoM meM jIva ko kRtakarmAnusAra phala dene kI zakti nahIM hai| ina AviSkAroM meM katipaya camatkArapUrNa AviSkAra ye haiM 1. TelIpriMTara - TelIgrApha aura TelIphona ke AviSkAra to aba bahuta purAne ho cuke haiN| TelIpriMTara jaise eka vilakSaNa yaMtra kA bhI AviSkAra ho cukA hai jo duniyA meM ghaTita viziSTa ghaTanAoM kI sUcanA detA hai| eka sthAna para eka manuSya bolatA hai, to dUsare sthAna para yaha yaMtra svataH (ATomaiTika) use TAipa karatA jAtA hai, jise dainika samAcArapatra ke sampAdaka apane patra meM chApa dete haiN| 2. beromITara - tharmAmITara jaise zarIra kA tApamApaka yaMtra hotA hai, vaha jar3a pAre ke kAraNa zarIra se sparza karate hI usakI garmI aMkita kara detA hai, lekina beromITara mausama kI sUcanA detA hai| vaha jahA~ bhI lagA diyA jAtA hai, vahA~ ke pAripArzvika vAtAvaraNa meM sardI, garmI, havA, AMdhI, tUphAna, varSA Adi kI sUcanA svataH aMkita kara detA hai| yaha jar3a kI zakti kA adbhuta namUnA hai| tIna 1. jJAna kA amRta se sArAMza sAbhAra uddhRta, pR. 45-46 For Personal & Private Use Only

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270 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dinoM meM AkAza kI kyA sthiti rahegI? vaha sApha rahegA yA bAdaloM se AcchAdita? vAyumaNDala meM garmI rahegI yA sardI ? ise yaha yaMtra ThIka-ThIka batalA detA hai| kampyUTara-yaha eka aisA gaNakayaMtra hai, jisake mAdhyama se lAkhoM kI saMkhyA kA jor3a, bAkI, guNA, bhAga Adi kA yathArtharUpa se bahuta hI zIghra lagabhaga eka minaTa meM jAnA jA sakatA hai| eka gaNitajJa vyakti hisAba meM bhUla kara sakatA hai, lekina kampyUTara yaMtra kabhI jor3a Adi meM bhUla nahIM krtaa| Ajakala to kampyUTara ke dvArA naukarI ke ummIdavAra vyakti kA iMTaravyU bhI liyA jAtA hai| Ajakala to aisI mazIneM bhI A gaI haiM, jo roga kA bhI sahI nidAna kara letI haiN| rogI ke phoTo para se bhI roga kA nidA karane vAle yaMtra AviSkRta ho cuke haiN| aisI bhI eka mazIna kA AviSkAra huA hai, jo roga hone se pahale hI roga kI sUcanA de detI hai, tAki vyakti sAvadhAna ho jaay| vaijJAnikoM ne Aja aise yaMtra kA bhI AviSkAra kiyA hai, jo hRdayarogI ke zarIra ke sAtha lagA dene ke bAda yadi hRdaya kA daurA par3ane kI sthiti banane lagatI hai to AvAja karane lagatA hai| yaha yaMtra rogI kI bhAvI rogAkrAnta sthiti ko sUcita karane meM sahayogI banatA hai| roboTa-yaha lauhanirmita mAnava hai| jo baTana dabAte hI saMketa ke anusAra kAma karane lagatA hai| yaha manuSya kI taraha kintu manuSya se bahuta zIghra kAma karatA hai| yaha AzcaryotpAdaka sevaka hai, jisake sAtha manuSya ko mAthApaccI nahIM karanI pdd'tii| jisa kArya kA saMketa kiyA jAtA hai, usa kArya ko vaha vaphAdArI pUrvaka ThIka DhaMga se karatA hai| lohe kI banI gAya-videzoM meM aisI eka lohanirmitaM gAya kA bhI AviSkAra huA hai, jisameM dugdhotpAdaka sabhI padArtha (jinheM khAkara asalI gAya dUdha detI hai) usa loha nirmita gAya meM DAla diye jAte haiN| basa ve cAra-pA~ca ghaMTe meM hI rAsAyanika prakriyA se ghula-mila kara eka rUpa ho jAte haiM aura use duhane para bilkula dUdha jaisA hI padArtha nikalatA hai| yaha bhI paramANuoM kI rAsAyanika zaktiyoM kA camatkAra hai| rADAra yaMtra-yaha yaMtra vAyuyAnoM ke Agamana kI aura unakI gati kI sacanA bhara de detA hai| yaha yaMtra itanA sazakta hotA hai ki kisI bhI dizA se A rahe havAI jahAja kA saMketa de detA hai ki jahAja itanI dUrI se, itanI gati se A rahA hai? isa prakAra kA bodha jar3a ke pratinidhi rADAra yaMtra se hotA hai| 4. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 271 7. rAkeTa (prakSepaNAstra) -yaha misAyala sarIkhA yaMtra hotA hai, jisase havAI jahAja mAra girAe jAte haiN| Ajakala to aise bhI rAkeTa yaMtroM kA nirmANa ho gayA hai, jo zatru ke gupta aDDoM kA patA lagAkara una gupta aDDoM ke phoTo lekara vApasa svayameva vahIM A jAtA hai, jahA~ se calA thaa| kitanI vilakSaNa zakti hai jar3a pudgala paramANuoM meM yA unase nirmita yaMtroM yA padArthoM meM? 8. misAila-yaha svayaMcAlita (oTomaiTika) yaMtra hai| yaha kaI kisma kA hotA hai| jaise-(1) TaiMkoM ko tor3ane vAlA, (2) vAyuyAna ko naSTa karane vAlA aura (3) dUsarI misAila ko rokane vaalaa| misAiloM meM koI cAlaka nahIM hotA, yaha yaMtra svayaM hI calatA hai| TaiMkoM ko tor3ane vAlA misAila, unakI samasta zaktiyoM ko chinna-bhinna kara DAlatA hai| vAyuyAnoM ko naSTa karane vAle misAila vizeSa aDDe se chor3e jAte haiM aura amuka sthAna vizeSa taka mAra karate haiN|' kaI misAila to aise hote haiM jo hajAra mAila dUra taka jAkara jahAja ko mAra girAte haiN| aise misAila vAyuyAna kA pIchA karate haiM, jidhara ko vaha mur3atA hai, misAila bhI udhara hI mur3a jAtA hai aura jahAja kI dizA meM pahuMcakara AkhirakAra use girAkara hI dama letA hai| ye misAila eTama (paramANu) se calate haiN| paramANuzakti (eTamika enarjI) isakA saMcAlana karatI hai| aise misAila bhI hote haiM, jo zatru ke misAila ko rokate haiN| agara kisI zatru ne kisI vAyuyAna ke pIche misAila chor3a diyA, aisI sthiti meM vAyuyAna vAle usa misAila ko rokane aura use naSTa karane ke lie usa misAila ke pIche apanI ora se eka aura misAila chor3a dete haiN| vaha misAila zatru ke misAila kA pIchA karatA hai aura anta meM, use samApta kara detA hai| 9. epolo-amerikA ke dvArA AviSkRta isa yaMtra ne saMsAra ko Azcaryacakita kara diyA hai| isane candraloka kI yAtrA karake vahA~ se miTTI khodakara lAne kA apUrva kArya kiyA hai, aisA vahA~ ke vaijJAnikoM kA kathana hai| epolo yaMtra pAramANavika (eTamika) Idhana se calatA hai| yaha lagabhaga mAlagAr3I jitanA lambA hai| isameM lagabhaga 75 lAkha choTe-bar3e kalapurje hote haiN| isakI U~cAI tIna maMjila jitanI hotI hai| isameM 10 vyaktiyoM ke leTane aura sone kI jagaha hotI hai| epolo kA jahA~ nirmANa hotA hai, vahA~ lagabhaga 200 kArakhAne kAma karate haiN| isake nirmANa meM choTe-bar3e lagabhaga eka lAkha vaijJAnika lagate haiN| 1. jJAna kA amRta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 49 For Personal & Private Use Only

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272 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . . isameM eTamika (paramANavika) IMdhana se calane vAle lagabhaga 7 iMjana hote haiN| calate samaya isakI gati dhImI hotI hai, parantu jaba ye bhUmi ke AkarSaNa kSetra se bAhara nikala jAte haiM to inakI gati atyanta teja ho jAtI hai, aura vApasa jaba ye bhUmi para utarate haiM to inakI gati aura bhI tIvra ho jAtI hai| vaijJAnikoM ke kathanAnusAra jisa epolo ne candramA para candrapAlakI ko utArA thA, vaha candramA kI dharatI se lagabhaga 10 mIla Upara cakkara lagAtA thaa| isa epolo meM tIna vyakti baiThe the| inameM se do ko nIce (pRthvI) se Adeza milA ki Apa candrapAlakI meM cale jaaeN| tadanusAra unake candrapAlakI meM cale jAne para candrapAlakI ko nirdhArita samaya para epolo se alaga kara diyA gyaa| aura ve donoM vyakti candramA kI dharatI para utara aae| candrapAlakI rAta ko 1 baje vahA~ utarI thI, usa samaya vahA~ ghora andhakAra thA, kintu pAlakI kI rozanI ke kAraNa vahA~ aMdherA nahIM rhaa| usake prakAza meM ve donoM vyakti pAlakI se nIce utare, candramA kI dharatI se unhoMne miTTI lI, pattharoM se apanI jebeM bhriiN| candrapAlakI ko lagabhaga 200 gaja dUra chor3akara ve loga vahA~ bhramaNa karate rhe| anta meM, ve punaH pAlakI meM A ge| tadanantara pAlakI Upara uThI aura Upara ghUmane vAle epolo (rAkeTa) se jur3a gii| vaijJAnikoM kA kahanA hai ki Upara se tInoM vyaktiyoM ne jaba apane peTa meM darda hone kI sUcanA dI to unheM nIce (bhUtala) se sUcanA dI gaI ki hama isakI chAnabIna karate haiN| phira unhoMne patA lagAyA ki epolo isa samaya amuka vAyumaNDala meM hai,' isa kAraNa unake zarIra para aisA prabhAva ho sakatA hai| ataH unhoMne epolo-sthita vyaktiyoM ko sUcita kiyA ki Apa loga amuka davA kA sevana kareM, isase ApakA peTa-darda miTa jaaegaa| isa sUcanAnusAra una tInoM ne ukta davA kA sevana kiyA, jisase unakA peTa darda miTa gyaa| ve svastha ho ge| kitanI vilakSaNa bAta hai ki isa bhUtala para baiThe hue vaijJAnikagaNa isa pRthvI ke AkarSaNa kSetra se bAhara epolo para, usake sAtha jur3I huI candrapAlakI para, tathA candrapAlakI meM avasthita manuSyoM kI gatividhi para pUrNatayA niyaMtraNa rakha rahe haiM aura apane saMketa ke anusAra use calA rahe haiN| unakI eka-eka kSaNa kI gatividhi se ve savagata haiN| yaha saba paramANa zaktiyoM ke anupama camatkAroM kA jItA-jAgatA nidarzana hai| ina sabameM kisI bhI devI-deva yA Izvara kA koI bhI hastakSepa nahIM hai| 1. jJAna kA amRta se sAbhAra uddhRta pR. 51-52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 273 10. lUnokhoda-yaha eziyA kA nayA camatkArika yaMtra hai, jo kAra ke AkAra kA hai| yaha candramA ke bhUtala para bhramaNa karatA hai aura vahA~ kI bhUmi ko khodatA hai, vahA~ kI miTTI ekatrita karake uThAtA hai| isakI eka khUbI yaha hai ki eziyA ke vaijJAnikoM ne isakA geyara(Gear) badala diyA hai| isameM eka leboreTrI bhI hai, jo sabhI vastuoM kA cekaapa (jAMca-par3atAla) karake usake phoTo nIce (pRthvI para) bhejatI hai| eka vilakSaNa bAta yaha hai ki isa yaMtra meM baiThA huA manuSya jaba sAMsa letA hai to usa sAMsa kI bhI AvAja nIce (pRthvI tala para) baiThe hue vaijJAnika suna sakate haiN| itanA hI nahIM, usa yaMtra meM koI kharAbI ho jAe to nIce ke vaijJAnika loga nIce baiThe-baiThe hI use sudhAra sakate haiN| itanA niyaMtraNa aura ghaniSThatama samparka lUnokhoda se hajAroM mIla dUra nIce baiThe hue vaijJAnikoM kA hai| yaha paramANuzakti kA hI camatkAra samajhanA caahie| jar3a TAimabama cetanAhIna hai, phira bhI usake sAtha TakarAne yA chUne se vaha samaya para phUTatA hai aura tabAhI macA detA hai| ataH aba yaha kahane aura socane kA yuga bIta gayA hai ki paramANu jar3a hai, ise apane bhale-bure kA jJAna-viveka nahIM hai, vaha kyA kara sakatA hai ? aba to vividhalakSI paramANuoM kI vilakSaNa zakti sAkAra hokara sAmane A rahI hai aura karma-paramANuoM kI vilakSaNa zaktiyoM ke svara meM apanA svara milAkara yathArthatA ko pramANita aura udghoSita karane jA rahI haiN|' jar3a padArthoM kI zakti kA prakaTIkaraNa AtmacetanA kA samparka hone para hI eka bAta isa sambandha meM avazya samajha lenI cAhie ki ina vividha jar3a paramANuoM meM yA jar3a padArthoM meM amuka-amuka phala dene kI jo zakti nirmita hotI hai, vaha AtmacetanA kA samparka hone para yA jIva ke dvArA amuka vidhi se usase samparka karane para-sambaddha hone para yA prerita karane para hI vaha apanA prabhAva dikhalA sakatI hai, vaha zakti ujAgara hokara apanA yathocita phala de sakatI hai| - jaise-ki uparyukta pAramANavika vividha yaMtroM kA bhI manuSyoM ke dvArA samparkasaMcAlana yA sambandha hone para hI unakA yathocita prabhAva dekhA gayA athavA unakI payAyogya phalapradAna zakti kA pratyakSIkaraNa huA, isI prakAra karmaparamANuoM meM phala dene kI zakti to par3I rahatI hai, magara vaha vyakta tabhI hotI hai jaba karmaparamANu jIva ke rAgadveSAdi pariNAmoM se AkRSTa hokara AtmA se sambaddha-zliSTa ho jAte haiM, aura tabhI 1. vahI, sAbhAra uddhRta, pR. 53 For Personal & Private Use Only

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274 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) zubha yA azubha adhyavasAyoM ke anusAra unameM phala dene kI zakti svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai| Azaya yaha hai-jaba jIva (AtmA) ke sAtha karma-paramANuoM kA sambandha yA zleSa hotA hai, arthAt-karmaparamANuoM ke sAtha Atma-cetanA kA samparka hotA hai, taba vahI zakti kAla-paripAka hone para (samaya pAkara) usa karmakartA jIva (AtmA) ko sukha yA duHkha ke rUpa meM phala pradAna karatI hai| . jaina karmavijJAna kA yaha spaSTa siddhAnta hai ki jIva (AtmA) ke sAtha sambaddha hoge : para hI karmaparamANu apanA phala de sakate haiN| Atma-cetanA ke sAtha samparka hue binA hI karma apanA phala dete haiM, yaha jainakarma-vijJAna kA siddhAnta nahIM hai| pratyakSa meM hama dekhate haiM ki jar3a padArthoM kA anya jar3a padArthoM para bhI saMyoga ke . kAraNa prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| jaise- pArasa saMyoga pAkara lohe ko svarNarUpa meM parivartita kara detA hai| vastra vibhinna raMgoM ke paramANuoM kA saMyoga pAkara citra-vicitra raMgoM ko prApta ho jAtA hai, to phira cetana kA saMyoga pAkara jar3a karma adhika zaktizAlI bana jAe~, isameM Azcarya hI kyA hai ?' udAharaNa dvArA tathya kA spaSTIkaraNa eka udAharaNa se hama isa tathya ko spaSTa karate haiM-mAna lIjie, eka loTe meM bhAMga adhika se adhika teja ghoMTakara rakhI huI hai, athavA aMgUrI zarAba botala meM rakhI huI hai; kyA vaha bhaMga loTe ko aura zarAba botala ko nazA car3hA sakatI hai ? athavA vaha bhAMga yA zarAba pAsa meM baiThe hue vyaktiyoM para apanA kucha bhI prabhAva dikhalA sakatI hai ? spaSTa hailoTe yA botala ko bhAMga tathA zarAba kA nazA nahIM car3hatA, na hI pAsa meM baiThe hue vyaktiyoM para unakA koI prabhAva par3atA hai| isakA kAraNa hai - bhA~ga yA zarAba tabhI nazA car3hAtI hai, jaba kisI AtmacetanA (jIvita jIva-cetanAyukta jIva) ke sAtha usakA samparka, sambandha yA saMga ho / murde peTa meM bhA~ga yA zarAba ur3ela dene para usa para unakA koI nazA nahIM car3hatA, na hI koI prabhAva hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jaba koI jIvita (cetanAyukta) vyakti bhAMga yA zarAba pItA hai, AtmacetanA ke sAtha unakA samparka saMga hotA hai, tabhI jAkara ve nazA car3hAtI haiM; AdamI unake naze meM dhutta hokara unmatta aura pAgala sA ho jAtA hai; bar3abar3AtA hai| ThIka yahI sthiti karmaparamANuoM yA anya paramANuoM kI hai| akele anya paramANuoM yA karmaparamANuoM meM apanA phala zubha yA azubha rUpa meM yA yathocita rUpa meM 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 75 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 275 prakaTa karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai| bhAMga yA zarAba kI bhAMti karmaparamANuoM yA anya paramANuoM meM zakti to rahatI hai, para usa zakti kI abhivyakti AtmacetanA (jIvita vyakti) kA samparka, sambandha yA saMga hone para hI hotI hai| jIva bhI karma paramANuoM kA AtmapradezoM se sambandha (samparka-zleSa) hone para karmaparamANuoM kI usa-usa prakAra kI phalotpAdana zakti se prerita hokara aisI ceSTAe~ yA pravRttiyA~ karatA hai, jo usake lie sukhakAraka yA duHkhakAraka hotI haiN|' tAtparya yaha hai ki rAga-dveSa cintana se AtmapradezoM meM eka prakAra kI halacala (kampana ) hotI hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa karma pudgala AkRSTa hokara cipaka jAte haiN| jaise-kaimarA AkRti ko, reDiyo dhvani ko aura cumbaka lohe ke kaNoM ko khIMcatA hai vaise hI rAgAdi pariNAma dravyakarma kArmaNavargaNA ko AkarSita karate haiN| ___ Azaya yaha hai ki jIva ke kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika parispanda (halacala, kriyA yA pravRtti) ke samaya rAga-dveSAdi kASAyika bhAvoM ke nimitta se jo karma-paramANu jIvAtmA kI ora AkRSTa hokara baMdha jAte haiM, una karmaparamANuoM meM zarAba yA dUdha kI taraha acchA yA burA phala dene kI zakti rahatI hai, jo caitanya ke samparka se vyakta hokara usa para apanA prabhAva DAlatI hai| aura usake prabhAva se mugdha huA jIva aise kArya karatA hai, jo usake lie sukhadAyaka yA duHkhadAyaka hote haiN| isakA rahasya yaha hai ki karma meM apane Apa meM sukha-duHkha pradAna karane kI zakti nahIM hai, kintu yaha zakti cetana dvArA (cetana-saMyoga se) hI prApta hotI hai| cetana kA saMyoga pAkara karma kI phaladAna zakti balavattara ho jAtI hai, jisake prabhAva se devendra, narendra, evaM dharmendra tIrthaMkaroM taka ko kaThora yaMtraNA bhoganI par3atI hai| yadi karma karate samaya jIva ke bhAva acche hote haiM, to baMdhane vAle karma-paramANuoM para acchA prabhAva par3atA hai aura kAlAntara meM usakA acchA hI phala milatA hai| isI prakAra yadi jIva ke bhAva bure hote haiM to baMdhane vAle karmaparamANuoM para burA prabhAva par3atA hai aura kAlAntara meM usakA phala bhI burA hI milatA hai| mAnasika (manovargaNA) pudgaloM kA cetana para prabhAva - mAnasika bhAvoM kA acetana padArtha para kaise prabhAva par3atA hai, aura usa prabhAva ke kAraNa usa acetana padArtha kA paripAka kaise acchA yA burA hotA hai ? ityAdi praznoM ke samAdhAna ke hetu hameM cikitsakoM aura vaidyoM ke bhojana-sambandhI niyamoM para dRSTipAta karanA caahie| 1. karmavAda : eka adhyayana se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 77 2. paMcama karmagrantha prastAvanA (paM. kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI) se sArAMza grahaNa-pR. 15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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276 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AyurvedazAstra ke niyamAnusAra bhojana karate samaya mana meM kisI prakAra kA kSobha, roSa, udvignatA, zoka, vyathA, pIr3A yA vaimanasyabhAva nahIM honA caahie| bhojana karane ke AdhA ghaMTA pahale se lekara bhojana karane ke AdhA ghaMTA pazcAt taka mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kA azAntikAraka vicAra AnA hitAvaha nahIM hotA / zAnta aura akSubdha manaHsthiti meM jo bhojana kiyA jAtA hai, usakA paripAka acchA hotA hai, vaha bhojana vikRtikAraka nahIM hotaa| isake viparIta zoka-bhaya-kAma-krodhAdi bhAvoM kI manaHsthiti meM bhojana kiyA jAe to usakA paripAka ThIka nahIM hotaa| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki kartA ke bhAvoM kA prabhAva acetana vastu para bhI par3atA hai aura usI ke anusAra usakA vipAka hotA hai| ThIka yahI bAta acetana karmapudgaloM ke viSaya meM samajha lenI caahie| karma-kartA . ke mAnasika tIvra-manda zubha - azubha adhyavasAyoM yA pariNAmoM kA prabhAva karmaparamANuoM para par3atA hai, aura usI ke anusAra usakA acchA yA burA, tIvra yA manda vipAka (paripAka) hotA hai, aura kAlAntara meM tadanusAra apane Apa ukta karma kA vaisA hI sukhakAraka yA duHkhakAraka phala mila jAtA hai|' karma apane Apa hI phala de dete haiM, anya niyAmaka kI AvazyakatA nahIM yaha ThIka hai ki koI bhI jIva svecchA se apane azubha karmoM kA duHkhada kaTuphala nahIM bhoganA cAhatA, parantu karmoM ke phala dene ke niyamoM meM koI parivartana, riyAyata, khuzAmada, yA ArajU-minnata Adi nahIM cltii| karmakartA cAhe yA na cAhe, use to niyata samaya para-karma kI sthiti kA paripAka hone para usake phalonmukha hone (udaya meM Ane) para - bhoganA hI par3atA hai| jaise- koI vyakti svAdalipsAvaza asvAsthyakara bhojana karatA hai to usake zarIra meM roga utpanna hotA hai| vaha isa roga kA tanika bhI icchuka nahIM hai| phira bhI svAsthya - viruddha hAnikAraka bhojana karane kA phala vyAdhi yA bImArI ke rUpa meM use bhoganA hI par3atA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki karmaphaladAyaka niyama bhI eka prakAra kI zakti ke rUpa meM haiM, jo manuSya kI icchA tathA mAnavIya ( mAnava kI Atmika yA zArIrika) zakti ke viruddha hote hue bhI apanA kArya karate rahate haiN| ataH yaha zakti na to svayaM cetana yA cetanajanya hai aura na kisI eka viziSTa cetana vyakti (Izvara) meM kendrita hokara kArya karatI hai; aura hI yaha karmaphala- pradAtrI zakti jIva ke zarIra se bAhara kisI sthAna para kendrita hokara paraspara virodhI karmavAle bhinna-bhinna jIvoM ko unake vibhinna karmoM kA phala de sakatI hai| 1. vahI, pR. 16 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 277 isalie mAnanA par3atA hai ki yaha karmaphalapradAtrI zakti pratyeka jIva ke bhItara zaktirUpa se sadRza hote hue prati vyakti (pratyeka prANI) meM pRthak-pRthak hai| Azaya yaha hai ki yadyapi jar3a karma cetanazakti ke abhAva meM svataH phala nahIM de sakate, kintu isake sAtha hI jaina karmavijJAna yaha mAnatA hai ki karmoM ko apanA phala dene ke lie kartA se bhinna anya cetana sattA kI athavA Izvara kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / karmaphaladAtrI zakti kA AdhAra : kArmaNa zarIra uSNatA, vidyut Adi prAkRtika sUkSma yA sthUla padArtha ke samAna isa karmaphalapradAtrI zakti kA koI na koI AdhAra avazya honA caahie| isa karmaphalapradAtrI zakti kA AdhAra AtmA to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki AtmA kA svabhAva jJAnAdimaya hai; isake viparIta karmazakti kA svabhAva jJAnAdi guNoM ko AcchAdita evaM vikRta karanA hai| ataH usakA AdhAra usa zarIra (karmazarIra) ko mAnanA par3egA, jo AtmA ke sAtha paraloka meM jAte samaya bhI rahatA hai| isalie karmaphala pradAna karane vAlA karmapudgala ke atyanta sUkSma paramANuoM se banA huA (sUkSma) kArmaNa zarIra hI hai, jo sAre zarIra meM vyApta hai; AtmA ke sAtha hI sAtha rahatA hai tathA sthUla padArthoM se banI huI dIvAra, chata Adi meM bhI praviSTa hokara AsAnI se AtmA ke sAtha hI sAtha nikala jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki yaha sUkSma kArmaNa zarIra jIva dvArA pUrvakRta samasta karmoM ke phala dene kI zakti se yukta sUkSma karmapudgalaparamANuoM kA puMja hai| karmaphaladAtrI zakti se yukta ina karma-paramANuoM kA AtmA ke sAtha sUkSma kArmaNazarIra ke rUpa meM sambandha rahatA hai| vaha sUkSma (kArmaNa) zarIra arthAt karmaparamANu puMja hI AtmA ko eka yoni aura gati se dUsarI yoni evaM gati meM le jAte haiM aura zarIra se sambaddha sabhI indriya, yoga, upayoga, veda Adi nirdhArita karate haiN| jaba jIva naye karma karatA hai, taba usa karma ke anusAra phala dene vAlI zakti kucha navIna sUkSma karma-paramANuoM meM svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai; tathA ye ( naye) karma-zaktiyukta paramANu usa jIva ke pahale se vidyamAna sUkSma kArmaNa zarIra meM praviSTa hokara sammilita "evaM sambaddha ho jAte haiM / " karmaphala pradAna karane vAlI yaha zakti kisa prakAra kI prakriyA se utpanna hotI hai ? ise samajhane ke lie eka udAharaNa le liijie| jaise- do padArthoM ke paraspara saMgharSaNa se uSNatAzakti utpanna ho jAtI hai; jo kucha dera taka sthira rahakara bAda meM AkAza meM lupta ho jAtI hai| athavA jaise - mastaka ke kezoM meM selulAiDa kA kaMghA karane se usa kaMghe meM 1. karma-mImAMsA se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 43-44 For Personal & Private Use Only

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278 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AkarSaNa (khIMcane kI) zakti paidA ho jAtI hai, jisase vaha kaMghA rUI ke bArIka tantuo ko AkarSita karane lagatA hai| isI taraha jaba koI vyakti mana-vacana-kAyA se koI kArya, pravRtti yA kriyA karatA hai to usake nikaTavartI cAroM ora ke sUkSma paramANuoM meM halacala utpanna ho jAtI hai| ve sUkSma karmaparamANu AtmA kI ora AkarSita hote haiN| unameM usa vyakti ke karmAnusAra phala dene kI zakti apane Apa paidA ho jAtI hai| ina karmazaktiyukta paramANuoM kA AtmA ke sAtha eka kSetrAvagAha-sambandha ho jAtA hai| aura ye karmazakti yukta paramANu pUrva vidyamAna sUkSma (kArmaNa) zarIra meM mila jAte haiN| kucha samaya ke pazcAt jaba kArmaNa zarIrastha karmaparamANu kriyAzIla hote haiM yAnI phalonmukha hote haiM, taba unaka prabhAva usa jIva para par3ane lagatA hai, arthAt-karma-zakti abhivyakta hone lagatI hai| ve karmaparamANu jIva kI jJAna- darzana zakti ko AvRta kara dete haiM, usakI samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra kI zakti ko kuNThita, vikRta evaM mohita kara dete haiM; usase usa jIva kI manovRtti meM asara par3a jAtA hai, usakI lezyA yA bhAvanA tIvra-manda rAga-dveSa rUpa yA krodhAdi kaSAyarUpa ho jAtI hai| usake zarIra kI gati -mati meM, usakI buddhi meM, usake rahana-sahana aura vyavahAra meM kAphI pharka par3a jAtA haiN| iSTa-aniSTa padArthoM yA viSayoM kA saMyoga-viyoga hone para use tIvra-manda-sukha yA duHkha kI anubhUti (anubhava) hone lagatI hai| usakI jJAnAdi zakti meM parivartana A jAtA hai| isa prakAra usa jIva ko, vizeSataH usa manuSya ko, apane pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala apane Apa milane lagatA hai| ataH karmaphala bhugavAne ke lie, paramAtmA yA anya kisI vidhAtA yA niyantA kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM pdd'tii|" AtmA ke yoga (mana-vacana-kAya) tathA rAgadveSAdi kASAyika bhAvoM ke nimitta se jaba karmavargaNA ke paramANu-pudgala karma ke rUpa meM pariNata hokara AtmA se sambaddha hote haiM, taba unameM cAra prakAra kI bandhazakti svataH utpanna ho jAtI hai - (1) karmoM kA svabhAva (prakRti), (2) unakI sthiti (kAla-maryAdA), (3) unakI phala dene kI zakti tathA (4) unakA parimANa (sNkhyaa)| una baddha karmaparamANuoM meM jo phala dene kI zakti nirmita hotI hai, yahI zakti kAla-paripAka hone para AtmA ko sukha yA duHkha ke rUpa meM karmoM kA phala detI hai| jaba ina karmaparamANuoM kI karmazakti kArya karatI karatI kSINa ho jAtI hai taba ve karma zaktivihIna ho jAte haiM, taba inakA sambandha sUkSma kArmaNa zarIra se chUTa jAtA hai| 1. karmamImAMsA se bhAyAMza grahaNa, pR. 44-45 / 2. jainadarzana meM Atma vicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 217 3. karmamImAMsA se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 45 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma apanA phala kaise dete haiM ? 279 Azaya yaha hai ki karma apanA phala dene ke pazcAt AtmapradezoM se cipake nahIM rahate, balki eka kSaNa ke bAda zIghra hI AtmA se pRthak ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra pakA huA Ama Adi phala DAlI se girakara punaH usameM laga nahIM sakatA, usI prakAra karma apanA phala dene ke pazcAt tatkAla AtmapradezoM se alaga ho jAte haiN| phira ve punaH phala nahIM de skte| jo karma apanA phala de cukate haiM, unakA kSaya ho jAtA hai, tathA ve karmaparamANu AtmA se pRthak hokara aura karma-paryAya chor3akara anya akarmarUpa paryAya meM parivartita ho jAte haiN| karma ke dvArA phala denA, usa baddha karma ke kaSAya para nirbhara sAMkhya, mImAMsA aura bauddhadarzanoM kI taraha jainadArzanika mAnate haiM ki karma svayaM phala pradAna karate haiN| ve apanA phala dene meM paratantra nahIM, svatantra haiM / jainakarmavijJAna-marmajJoM kA kahanA hai ki baddha karma apanI sthiti pUrNa karake udayAvasthA meM Akara svayaM phala pradAna karate haiN| sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai - karma baMdha hote hI zIghra phala dene nahIM lagate, apitu jisa prakAra bhojana turanta na pacakara jaTharAgni kI tIvratA - mandatA ke anusAra hotA hai| ataH karmoM kA phala denA usake kaSAya para nirbhara hai| yadi tIvra kaSAyapUrvaka karmoM kA AnAva huA hai, to karma kucha samaya pazcAt zIghra hI adhika prabala rUpa se phala denA prArambha kara dete haiM aura mandakaSAyapUrvaka karmoM ke baMdhane se karmoM kA vipAka dera se hotA hai|' isa prakAra karmavijJAna ke niyamAnusAra bandhacatuSTaya ke anurUpa karma apanA phala svayaM pradAna karate haiM; vaha phala pradAna meM kisI sarvazaktimAn Izvara Adi kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| 1. jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 217 For Personal & Private Use Only

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4 karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? karmasiddhAnta vaiyaktika jIvana kI taraha sAmAjika jIvana se bhI sambaddha karmasiddhAnta jitanA vyaktigata jIvana se sambaddha hai, utanA hI, balki kaI mAmaloM meM pArivArika, sAMghika, vargIya, jAtIya, rASTrIya, saMsthAkIya Adi ke rUpa meM sAmAjika jIvana se bhI sambaddha hai| jisa prakAra eka vyakti apane jIvana meM karmoM ko bAMdhane evaM karmoM se mukta hone, athavA pUrvakRta karmoM kA kSaya evaM Agantuka karmoM kA nirodha karane kA puruSArtha karatA hai, usI prakAra parivAra Adi ke rUpa meM baddha samUha bhI apane jIvana meM karmoM ko bAMdhane, tathA pUrvakRta karmoM kA kSaya aura navIna Ane vAle karmoM (AnavoM) kA nirodha karane tathA karmoM se sarvathA mukta hone kA bhI puruSArtha karatA hai| isalie karma siddhAnta ke viSaya meM jainakarmavijJAna kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki eka vyakti ke karma kA phala usa vyakti ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ko bhI bhoganA par3atA hai, prAyaH samagra parivAra ko, sArI jAti ko, samasta varga ko yA saMsthA ke sabhI sadasyoM ko, athavA kabhI-kabhI sAre rASTra ko bhoganA par3atA hai| ise hI jaina - karmavijJAna kI paribhASA meM sAmudAnika karmabandhana aura usakA sAmudAyika phalabhogaM (vipAka) kahA jAtA hai|' mAnavajAti kI pIr3AoM aura duHkhoM kA koI kAraNa nahIM : eka AkSepa kintu jainakarma - vijJAna ke isa siddhAnta aura isake rahasya se anabhijJa katipaya dArzanika aura vicAraka bhI isa tathya ko na mAna kara jaina karma vijJAna para AkSepa karate haiM aura usake isa siddhAnta ko nirAdhAra batAte haiN| 1. dekheM- sAmudAyika rUpa se karmaphala kI sAkSI gAthA" jAvaMta' vijjApurisA savve te dukkhasaMbhavA / ppati bahuso mUDhA saMsArammi anaMtae / " visannA pAvakammehiM bAlA paMDiyamANiNo / " - uttarAdhyayana a. 6 gA. 1, 11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 281 isa sambandha meM pAzcAtya AcAra darzana ke vizeSajJa DaoN. jaoNna mekeMjI ne eka AkSepa kiyA hai ki "karmasiddhAnta ke AdhAra para mAnavajAti kI pIr3AoM aura duHkhoM kA koI kAraNa nahIM batAyA jA sktaa|" jainakarmavijJAna dvArA isakA samAdhAna isa AkSepa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki koI bhI duHkha yA pIr3A, cAhe vaha vyakti kI ho, yA samUha kI, usakA koI na koI kAraNa to avazya hI hotA hai| akAraNa koI bhI duHkha yA pIr3A nahIM hotii| jaina karmavijJAna ke puraskartA bhagavAn mahAvIra se jaba pUchA gayA-"bhagavan ! duHkha kisake dvArA kRta haiM ?" isake uttara meM una savaM sarvadarzI vItarAga ne kahA-"duHkha apane dvArA kRta haiM, dUsare ke dvArA nhiiN| jisa prakAra eka vyakti duHkha-upArjana ke lie svayaM uttaradAyI batAyA gayA hai, usI prakAra aneka vyaktiyoM kA samUha bhI milakara duHkha upArjana ke lie svayaM uttaradAyI ho sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne karmasiddhAnta ke pariprekSya meM yaha bhI spaSTa kahA hai ki "karmasiddhAnta-vizeSajJa sAdhaka na to AtmA kI AzAtanA kare - pIr3A pahu~cAe, aura na hI dUsaroM kI AzAtanA kare - pIr3A-vyathA phuNcaae| aura na anya prANiyoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM yA sattvoM kI AzAtanA kare, yAnI pIr3A phuNcaae|''3 ___ isa sUtra meM bhagavAn ne mAnava jAti ko hI nahIM, prANimAtra ko duHkha pahu~cAne, pIr3ita karane kA niSedha kiyA hai, usakA kAraNa bhI unhoMne pahale hI batA diyA ki agara kisI bhI mAnava yA prANI ko pIr3A yA duHkha doge to badale meM tuma bhI karmabandhana karake usI prakAra kA duHkha yA pIr3A prApta kroge|' bhagavAn ne dUsaroM ko duHkha yA pIr3A pahu~cAne vAle pApakarmiyoM ke lie spaSTa kahA hai-una krUrakarmA ajJAnI jIvoM ko vahA~ (narakAdi meM) pragAr3ha vedanA (pIr3A) hotI hai; kyoMki unhoMne dUsaroM ko pIr3A pahu~cAne kA duSkarma karake apane lie duHkhAgAra naraka kA karmabandhana kara liyaa| 1. jaina ethiksa pR. 30 2. 'dukkhe keNa kaDe? goyamA! attakaDe dukkhe, no prkdde|" -bhagavatIsUtra za. 17 u. 5 3. No attANaM AsAejjA, No paraM AsAejjA, No aNNAI pANAI bhUyAI jIvAiM sattAI aasaaejjaa| __ -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 6 u. 5 4. (ka) dekheM, AcArAMgasUtra kA pAMcavA~ adhyayana ke 5veM uddezaka kA-tumasi nAma taM ceva . . ---- . ityAdi paatth| / (kha) "eyaM tulmnnnnesiN| -AcArAMga 1/1/7 5. 'suyA me narae ThANA, asIlANaM ca jA gii| bAlANaM kUrakammANaM pagADhA jatya veynnaa||' -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 5/12 For Personal & Private Use Only

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282 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bhagavatIsUtra meM isa tathya ko aura bhI spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki jo duHkhita (duHkha dene vAle karmoM se baddha) hai, spRSTa hai vahI duHkha (karmajanya duHkha) ko pAtA hai, jo aduHkhI (dUsaroM ko duHkha pahu~cAne vAlA nahIM) hai, vaha duHkhajanaka karma-bandhana ko nahIM prApta krtaa| isI prakAra dUsare jIvoM ko samAdhi (sukha zAnti) dene vAlA usI (prakAra) samAdhi (sukha zAnti) ko prApta karatA hai|' ____ AcArAMga sUtra meM mAnavajAti ke duHkhoM aura pIr3AoM ke kAraNoM ko karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se jAnane vAle karmavijJAna kuzala mAnavoM kI vRtti-pravRtti kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai-"prANiyoM ko jo bhI duHkha yA pIr3A hotI hai, vaha sva-svakarmakRta hai, yaha jAnakara duHkha-utpatti ke kAraNabhUta mithyAtva, hiMsAdi avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yogarUpa AmnavadvAroM kA sarvazaH (kRta-kArita-anumodita rUpa se) nirodha kre|" isa saMsAra meM manuSyoM (mAnavajAti) ko jo duHkha (karmajanita duHkha-kAraNa) kahA gayA hai, kuzala (karmavijJAna niSNAta) puruSa usa duHkha (duHkha ke kAraNa samUha) ko jJa-parijJA se jAnakara pratyAkhyAna-parijJA dvArA usakA tyAga karate haiN|" ___"isameM kuzala puruSa karmabandhana se lipta nahIM hotaa|" isake viparIta AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai jo manuSya viSayasukhArthI (viSaya-sukhoM meM atyanta Asakta) evaM bAra-bAra viSaya-sukhoM kI lAlasA karatA hai, vaha sAvadyakAryoM ko karatA huA svakRta duHkha (duHkhotpAdaka pApakarma) se mUr3ha banakara viparyAsa (viparIta buddhi) ko prApta hotA hai|"....jismeN ye prANI vyathita yA pIr3ita haiM, vaha duHkhamaya saMsAra svayaMkRta hI hai|' niSkarSa yaha hai ki jisa prakAra eka vyakti mUr3hatAvaza pApakarmopArjana karake apane lie svayaM hI duHkha utpanna karatA hai, vaise hI parivAra, jAti, sampradAya, gA~va, nagara yA rASTra Adi samUha bhI apane lie duHkha kA kAraNa svayaM banatA hai| kabhI-kabhI aisA bhI hotA hai, mukhyatayA karma eka vyakti karatA hai, parantu usakA phala parivAra, samAja, saMgha, sampradAya, rASTra Adi ke rUpa meM samagra samUha ko bhoganA par3atA hai| mAnA ki zubha yA azubha karma eka hI vyakti sthUlarUpa se karatA huA dikhatA hai, 1. (ka) "dukkhI dukkheNaM phuDe, no adukkhI dukheNa phudde|" (kha) "samAhikArae NaM tameva samAhi pddilbbhi|" -bhagavatIsUtra za. 7 u. 1 2. (ka) "iha kama parinAya savvaso ..." (kha) jaM dukkha paveiyaM iha mANavANaM tassa dukkhassa kusalA pritrmudaahrti|" (ga) "... ahitya kusale novlipijjaasi|" (gha) "suhaTThI lAlappamANe, saeNa dukheNa mUDhe vippriyaasmuvei|....jsi me pANA pvvhiyaa|" -AcArAMga 1/2/6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 283 parantu usameM koI preraNA dene vAlA usa zubha yA azubha karma ko karAne vAlA hotA hai, koI anumodaka yA samarthaka hotA hai| koI usake kArya ke prati Antarika sahAnubhUti rakhatA hai, athavA sAtha meM - eka hI ghara yA saMsthA meM rahatA hai, usakI saMvAsAnumati hotI hai| usa azubha yA zubha kArya se niSpanna artha, bhautika sukha-suvidhA yA anya prApta vastuoM kA upabhoga karatA hai| ye aura isa prakAra ke tathAkathita samUha se sambaddha sabhI strI-puruSa, bacce Adi eka yA dUsare rUpa meM usa zubha yA azubha karmabandha meM hissedAra hote haiM, isalie aisI sthiti meM usa samUha se sambaddha logoM meM se jaisA - jaisA jisakA tIvra, manda yA madhyama zubhAzubha karmabandha hotA hai, tadanusAra use vaisA zubhAzubha karmaphala milatA hai| sAmUhikarUpa se baddha karma kA sAmUhika rUpa se phala : eka dRSTAnta ise spaSTa rUpa se samajhane ke lie eka vyAvahArika dRSTAnta le leM eka sinemA haoNla meM hajAroM darzaka baiThe haiN| citrapaTa para aisA krUra dRzya AyA, jise dekhakara adhikAMza darzakoM ke mana meM bhaya kA bhAva AyA, athavA dRzyamAna vyakti kI krUratA evaM duSTatA ko dekhakara usa para dveSabhAva umar3a pdd'aa| phalataH una saba darzakoM ke eka hI sAtha azubhakarma kA bandha ho gyaa| yadyapi una darzakoM meM bhI jisa-jisa darzaka ke mana meM jaise-jaise tIvra, manda yA madhyama dveSabhAva utpanna hue, tadanusAra unake azubha karma kA bandha bhI tIvra, manda yA madhyama honA saMbhava hai|' varSoM bAda isI janma meM athavA agale janma meM eka sAtha sAmUhika rUpa se bAMdhA huA vahI karma udaya meM aayaa| usa samUha para akasmAt Aphata A gaI / bhUkampa, bAr3ha, mahAmArI, haijA, vidyutpAta, Trena - durghaTanA, vimAna durghaTanA, athavA vizAla imArata kA acAnaka dharAzAyI ho jAnA ityAdi nimittoM ( kAraNoM) meM se koI bhI durghaTanA ukta pUrvakRta sAmUhika azubha karmabandha ke phala kA nimitta bnii| aura vaha durghaTanA eka sAtha usa samUha ko kAlakavalita kara gii| kitane hI loga ghAyala ho ge| jo loga ukta pUrvakRta azubha karmabandhana se baca gae the, ve sahI salAmata baca ge| yaha saba sAmUhika rUpa sebaddha azubha karma kA azubhaphala nahIM to kyA hai? eka sAtha pApakarma kA bandha kaise ho jAtA hai? eka mAnavasamUha eka sAtha kaise pApakarma kA bandha kara letA hai, ise samajhane ke lie eka aura dRSTAnta lIjie 1. dekhiye - ' tIvra-manda - jJAtAjJAta-bhAva- vIryAdhikaraNa-vizeSaistadvizeSaH / " - tattvArthasUtra a. 6, sU. 7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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284 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) mAna lIjie, kisI jagaha eka cora ko phAMsI para laTakAne kI sajA dI gaI hai| jallAda use phAMsI para laTakAne meM jarA-sI dera kara detA hai| vahIM pAsa meM khar3e pacAsoM darzaka uttejita hokara kahane lagate haiM-"are! isa duSTa ko jaldI se phAMsI para cddh'aao| dera kyoM kara rahe ho? isa duSTa ko aisI hI sajA milanI cAhie thii|" sAmUhika hiMsAdi pApakarma kA kRta, kArita, anumodita rUpa se sAmUhika bandha aura phala yadyapi una darzakoM kA cora ko daNDa dene, na dene se koI vAstA nahIM hai| phira bhI nAhaka hI dveSa aura Avezavaza ve hiMsAkarma ke vAcika aura mAnasika samarthanaanumodana tathA tathArUpa hiMsAkarma karane kI preraNA (kArita) dekara sAmUhika rUpa se eka sAtha azubha karma kA bandha kara lete haiN| isa nAhaka kiye hue kArita aura anumodita ke rUpa meM sAmUhika pApakarmabandha kA phala kyA sAmUhika duHkha aura saMkaTa ke rUpa meM nahIM milegA? ____ tathya yaha hai ki hiMsA, hatyA, corI, DakaitI, lUTapATa, taskarI, balAtkAra, vyabhicAra, asatya, dambha, ThagI, mahArambha, parigrahavRtti Adi nAnAvidha pApakarma haiN| yadi ina hiMsAdi pApakarmoM ko koI svayaM karatA hai, koI dUsare se karAtA hai, aura koI inakA anumodana-samarthana karatA hai, mana se, vacana se tathA kAyA se, taba usakA phala jaise vyaktigata rUpa se milatA hai, vaise hI sAmUhika rUpa se bhI milatA hai| kRta-kArita-anumodita rUpa se pApakarmoM kA phala vaiyaktika bhI, sAmUhika bhI niSkarSa yaha hai ki jaise vyaktigatarUpa se kRta-kArita aura anumodita hiMsAdi pApakarmoM kA phala milatA hai, vaise hI sAmUhika rUpa se kRta-kArita-anumodita hiMsAdi pApakarmoM kA phala mile binA kaise raha sakatA hai? mAnava-samudAya kI pIr3A kA kAraNa svayaM mAnava-samudAya hai isalie jainakarmavijJAna ke anusAra mAnava-samudAya kI pIr3A kA kAraNa svayaM mAnava-samudAya hai; phira vaha samudAya jAti ke rUpa meM ho, varga ke rUpa meM ho, rASTra, prAnta, nagara, grAma, saMgha yA samAja ke rUpa meM ho, eka sAtha sAmUhika rUpa se bAMdhe hue zubha-azubha karmoM kA phala bhI eka sAtha milatA hai| 1. jainazAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai ki zubha-azubha karma kA baMdha tIna karaNa evaM tIna yoga se hotA hai| tIna karaNa haiM-karanA, karAnA aura anumodn| ise hI kRta, kArita aura anumodita kahate haiN| tIna yoga haiM-mana, vacana aura kaay| ina tInoM se hiMsAdi pApa-karmoM kA Anava evaM bandha hotA hai; kRta, kArita aura anumodita rUpa se| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 285 Izvara bhI mAnava-samUha kI pIr3A kA kAraNa nahIM; kyoM aura kaise? IzvarakartRtvavAdI mAnavasamUha para eka sAtha Akasmika rUpa se par3e hue saMkaTa, duHkha yA pIr3A kA kAraNa usa samUha ko na mAnakara Izvara ko mAnate haiM, taba prazna hotA hai ki tathAkathita Izvara ne pahale una logoM ko azubha karma karane kI preraNA kyoM dI, jisase bAda meM unheM vaisA kaTuphala bhoganA par3A ? aise Izvara ko nyAyI, niSpakSa aura dayAlu kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? prakRti mAnavasamUha kI pIr3A kA sAkSAt kAraNa nahIM, nimitta kAraNa ho sakatI hai yadi Izvara ko mAnava samUha kI isa pIr3A kA kAraNa na mAnakara prakRti ko isa sAmUhika pIr3A kI pradAtrI mAnI jAe to mAnava jAti prakRti ke hAtha kA khilaunA mAtra raha jAegI / vastutaH prakRti pradatta duHkha yA prAkRtika prakopa kevala nimitta ho sakatA hai, usa mAnava samUha ke svayaM dvArA sAmUhika rUpa se bAMdhe hue karmaphala ko bhugavAne meN| jar3a prakRti aise hI kisI ko pIr3A yA duHkha de dene meM nimitta banatI ho, aisA nahIM hai| usakA bhI sArvabhaumika niyama (niyata) hai| jainakarma siddhAnta saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSatattva dvArA svayaM kartRtva kA avasara pradAtA Izvara yA prakRti donoM kI parAdhInatA mAnane se mAnava ke svataMtra kartRtva kA, naitika-AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kara, tathA jIvana ko ucca mUlyoM se susampanna karane kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA, jabaki jainakarma siddhAnta saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa tattva ke mAdhyama se prANimAtra ko, manuSyamAtra ko vyaktigata aura sAmUhika donoM prakAra se svayaM kartRtva kA, karma-svAtaMtrya kA tathA karma-saMvara, karma- nirjarA (kSaya) aura karma mokSa kI sAdhanA kA, anya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA evaM jIvana ko ucca mUlyoM se susampanna karane kA suavasara detA hai| karma: kathaJcit vaiyaktika, kathaMcit sAmAjika isa dRSTi se saMvara-nirjarA-mokSa rUpa dharma kI apekSA se karma vaiyaktika pratIta hotA hai, parantu jaba dUsaroM ke sAtha samparka, vyavahAra yA sambandha hotA hai, taba karma naitikatA aura dhArmikatA ke guNoM ko lekara sAmAjika yA sAmUhika bana jAtA hai| arthAt* naitikatA aura dhArmikatA udgama se vaiyaktika hai, aura vyavahAra meM sAmAjika hai, isa dRSTi se naitika aura dhArmika AcaraNa (karma) vaiyaktika hote hue bhI vyavahAra meM sAmAjika ho jAtA hai, kyoMki dUsaroM se yAnI samUha se yA samAja se samparka hue binA For Personal & Private Use Only

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286 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vyakti kI ahiMsA ityAdi kI pravRtti kriyAnvita nahIM ho sktii| samAja yA samUha ke sAtha vyavahAra meM hI ahiMsAjanita yA hiMsAjanita karma kI pratIti hotI hai|' ___jaina karma-vijJAna meM jisa prakAra vaiyaktika karmabandhana aura vaiyaktika karmaphalabhoga (vipAka) ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai, usI prakAra sAmudAyika karmabandhana aura sAmudAyika karmaphalabhoga (vipAka) kI prarUpaNA ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai| karmavijJAna kI isI prarUpaNA ke AdhAra para karmasiddhAnta ke sambandha meM paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya AkSepakoM ko samucita samAdhAna diyA jA sakatA hai| yaha eka aisA karmasambaddha siddhAnta hai, jisake AdhAra para hama DaMke kI coTa kaha sakate haiM ki karmabandhana aura karmavipAka donoM hI vyakti kI taraha samagra parivAra, samasta jAti, samUce rASTra, samagra saMgha yA sAre samAja ke sadasyoM ko eka sAtha niSpanna hote haiN| 'sAmudAyika kriyA' dvArA sAmudAyika karmabandha aura vipAka jainakarma-vijJAna dvArA sUcita 25 kriyAoM meM se 24 kriyAe~ karmabandhaka haiM, unameM se eka kriyA kA nAma hai-sAmudAyika (sAmudAnika) kriyaa| usakA artha hai-samUha rUpa meM ikaTThe hokara azubha yA anucita pApabandhaka athavA zubha yA puNyabandhaka kriyAoM kA krnaa| udAharaNArtha-eka samUha dvArA vezyAnRtya karavAnA, sAmUhika azubha kriyA hai, aura eka samUha dvArA vairAgyotpAdaka, bhagavadbhaktipreraka, athavA saddharma-preraka saMgIta, bhajana yA vicAragoSThI kA Ayojana karanA, yaha sAmUhika zubha kriyA hai| isI prakAra kisI kA vadha karane ke lie sAmUhika rUpa se koI SaDyaMtra karanA azubha sAmudAyika kriyA hai, aura kisI vyakti, samUha, jAti yA rASTra kI rakSA yA sevA ke lie zubhopayoga se prerita hokara eka samUha, saMsthA yA saMgaThana dvArA sAmUhika rUpa se Ayojana karanA sAmudAyika zubhakriyA hai| isI prakAra logoM ko Thagane ke lie sAmUhikarUpa se eka kampanI kholanA azubha sAmudAyika kriyA hai aura garIboM, madhyamavargIya logoM yA abhAva pIr3itoM ko dainika jIvana meM kAma Ane vAlI upayogI vastuoM ko lAgata mUlya meM yA saste bhAva meM athavA lAgata se bhI kama dAma lekara muhaiyA karAne ke lie sAmUhika rUpa se eka saMsthA kholanA, zubha sAmudAyika kriyA hai| jisa prakAra sAmUhika zubhAzubha kriyA se zubha karma yA azubhakarma kA bandha hotA hai, usI prakAra una zubhAzubha karmabandhana kA zubha-azubha phala bhI sAmUhika rUpa se prApta hotA hai| 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa 2. dekheM-samavAyAMgasUtra kA 25vA~ samavAya For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 287 vartamAna meM Aye sAmUhika duHkha kA kAraNa bhI pUrvakRta sAmUhika karmabandha niSkarSa yaha hai ki jaise eka vyakti ke vartamAna meM Aye hue Akasmika duHkha kA kAraNa pUrvakRta karma hotA hai, vaise hI eka samUha para rASTra, jAti, parivAra, saMgha, samAja athavA sampradAya para akasmAt A par3e duHkha kA kAraNa bhI pUrvakRta sAmudAyika karma hotA hai| abhI-abhI kucha dinoM pahale IrAna meM bhayaMkara bhUkampa aayaa| usameM 50 hajAra se bhI adhika loga mAre ge| lAkhoM begharabAra ho ge| saikar3oM makAna dharAzAyI ho ge| yaha sAmUhika rUpa se azubha karma-phala nahIM to kyA hai ?' tA. 4 julAI 90 ke samAcAra patra meM eka duHkhada ghaTanA kI khabara chapI thI ki musalamAnoM ke pavitra tIrthasthAna makkA ke nikaTa eka lambI suraMga meM acAnaka bijalI baMda ho jAne se oNksIjana kI kamI ke kAraNa hajayAtriyoM kA dama ghuTane lagA / isI meM loga har3abar3Akara bhAge / isa bhagadar3a meM lagabhaga 1400 loga mara ge| kyA yaha sAmUhika rUpa se pUrvakRta azubha karma kA phala nahIM hai ? eka vyakti dvArA kiye hue duSkarma kA phala sAre parivAra ko milatA hai eka vyakti ke dvArA kiye hue aniSTa kukarma kA phala usake sAtha-sAtha usake samagra parivAra ko bhI eka yA dUsare rUpa meM kisa prakAra bhoganA par3atA hai ? isake samAdhAna ke lie nimnokta vyAvahArika udAharaNa paryApta hogaa| pahale hama pUrvapakSa sasamAdhAna prastuta karate haiM - DaoN. rAjendra svarUpa bhaTanAgara ke zabdoM meM 'ka' ne kisI vyakti kI hatyA kii| aisI sthiti meM 'ka' kI patnI tathA bacce usa hatyA ke lie uttaradAyI nahIM haiM, to ve usakA daNDa kyoM bhogeM ? zAyada yahA~ yaha kahA jAe ki ve usake patnI aura bacce nahIM hote to unheM daNDa nahIM bhoganA par3atA / parantu unakA patnI tathA bacce honA, kyA unake apane saMkalpa kA pariNAma hai ? zAyada patnI ke lie yaha kahA jA sakatA ho, para kyA baccoM ke lie bhI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ? zAyada yahA~ yaha kahA jAe ki jisa samAja kA 'ka' sadasya thA, usakI saMracanA meM hI ye sambandha antarnihita haiM tathA ina sambandhoM kA eka vizeSa prakAra kA honA, samAja ke sadasyoM ke lie viziSTa prakAra ke pariNAma lAtA hai. |13 1. rAMcI eksapresa tA. 12-6-1990 se 2. rAMcI eksapresa tA. 4-7-1990 se 3. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita DaoN. rAjendrasvarUpa bhaTanAgara ke 'jaisI karanI vaisI bharaNI' lekha se uddhRta pR. 303 For Personal & Private Use Only

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288 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) sAmUhika karmaphala kI saMgati isa prakAra hotI hai parantu karmaphala kI asaMgati ke lie yaha samAdhAna saMtoSajanaka nahIM hai| karma siddhAnta kA samAdhAna isa prakAra kA honA cAhie-"yadyapi 'ka' ke patnI-baccoM kA 'ka' ke vartamAna kukRtya ke lie koI doSa nahIM mAlUma hotA; parantu aisA bhI sambhava hai, 'ka' ke dvArA jisakI hatyA kI gaI hai, usa vyakti se 'ka' kA sArA parivAra parezAna ho, bhayAkrAnta ho, yA 'ka' ke parivAra ko usane duHkhada sthiti meM DAla diyA ho, yA usa para anyAya atyAcAra kiyA ho, phalataH 'ka' ke atirikta usake strI-putra bhI mana aura vacana se ukta vyakti ko kosate hoM, usase badalA lene kI preraNA karate hoM, athavA mana hI mana yA vacana se 'ka' ke dvArA kI gaI hatyA kA samarthana-anumodana karate hoN|" parivAra ke tana-mana-vacana meM aisA koI sAdhacAra na ho, nihata vyakti kA bhI 'ka' ke parivAra ke prati koI durbhAva yA hAnipUrNa vyahAra na ho, aisI sthiti meM unako apane parivAra ke agragaNya 'ka' se bichur3ane aura vipanna avasthA meM par3e rahane kA jo daNDa milA; usake pIche pUrvajanma meM isa yA usa vyakti ke usa prakAra ke aise kukRtya meM 'ka' kA parivAra bhI hissedAra banA ho| jaise-Ajakala bhI jahA~ kisI kI hatyA kI jAtI hai, vahA~ mukhya hatyArA eka hotA hai, dUsare kaI use salAha dene vAle yA preraNA dene vAle, ukasAne vAle, zastrAstra juTAne vAle, sAthI banane vAle tathA usa kukRtya ko chipAne ke lie pharAra hone yA svayaM ko vakIla ke jariye kAnUnI dAvapeMca se nirdoSa siddha karane vAle athavA jhUThI sAkSI dene vAle yA usake kukRtya kA samarthana karane vAle hote haiM, vaise hI 'ka' ke patnI-putra pUrvajanma meM ghaTita kukRtya meM hissedAra rahe hoN| isa prakAra sAmUhika karmaphala kI saMgati bhalIbhAMti ho jAtI hai| eka zAsaka ke kukRtya kA phala : sArI prajA ko bhoganA par3atA hai mahAbhArata meM bhI isa vicAra ke bIja milate haiM-eka zAsaka ke acche-bure karma kA phala usake rAjya kI sArI prajA ko bhoganA par3atA hai| "rAjA agara dharmiSTha hotA hai, to prajA bhI dharmiSTha-dharmaparAyaNa hotI hai, rAjA agara pApI, anyAyI, atyAcArI hotA hai, usakI prajA bhI vaisI hI pApiSTha, anyAyI, atyAcArI bana jAtI hai| prAcIna kAla meM prajA rAjA kA anusaraNa karatI thii|" mahAbhArata meM isa tathya ko bahuta hI sazakta rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| rAjA agara apane kartavya karma se yA dharma se cyuta ho jAtA to janasamUha usake rAjya kI avyavasthA aura anyAya-atyAcAra se pIr3ita, duHkhita aura vyathita ho jAtA thaa| kabhI-kabhI prAkRtika prakopa bhI usameM nimitta bana jAtA thaa|' 1. (ka) rAjJi dharmiNi dharmiSThA pApe pApA same smaa| rAjAnamanuvartante, yathA rAjA tathA prjaa|| (kha) dekheM-mahAbhArata, zAntiparva For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 289 karma eka kA : phalabhoga samUha ko : kyoM aura kaise? isalie yaha kahanA karmasiddhAnta ke viparIta nahIM hogA ki jo pratyakSa rUpa se mukhyatayA karma karatA hai, kevala vahI usakA phala na bhogakara usakA parivAra bhI aura kabhI-kabhI usakA dharmasaMgha, jAti yA rASTra bhI usakA phala bhogatA hai| eka vyakti parivAra meM dharmAcaraNa karatA hai, usakI prazaMsA, prasiddhi, vizvasanIyatA hone se sAre parivAra kI prazaMsA, pratiSThA aura vizvasanIyatA hotI hai| parantu kabhI-kabhI yaha kahAvata bhI caritArtha ho jAtI hai-"eka sar3I machalI sAre tAlAba ko gaMdA kara detI hai|" parivAra meM koI nAmI cora, DAkU yA hatyArA bana jAtA hai-to sArA parivAra badanAma ho jAtA hai| sAre parivAra ko usake kAle kAranAmoM kA kuphala thor3e-bahuta aMzoM meM bhoganA par3atA hai| kyoMki parivAra vAle usakI kamAI kA upabhoga karate haiN| palI to karatI hI hai| parivAra ke samajhadAra yA bujurga sadasya usake kukarmoM kA samarthana bhale hI na karate hoM, parantu sAtha meM rahate haiM, isalie saMvAsAnumati to hotI hI hai| Antarika rUpa se usakI kamAI meM sAjhedArI tathA usakI lAI huI vastuoM kA upayoga karane se parokSa rUpa meM samarthana anumodana ho hI jAtA hai| eka vyakti ko kisI acche kArya ke lie puraskAra milatA hai to sAre parivAra ko usakA phala milatA hai| sArA parivAra usakA samarthana karatA hai| ataH zubha karma kA bhI samagra parivAra phalabhAgI banatA hai| mahAtmAgAMdhI ne bhArata ko svarAjya dilAne ke lie satkarma kiyaa| usameM aneka vyaktiyoM evaM kAryakartAoM kA sahayoga thaa| jaba sArA rASTra svataMtra ho gayA to rASTrIya svataMtratA kA phala rASTra ke sabhI logoM ko yatkiMcita rUpa meM milA hI hai| ataH yadi eka vyakti ahiMsAdi-dharmAcaraNa karake samAja yA rASTra ko unnati ke patha para le jAtA hai to usakA phala sAre samAja aura rASTra ko bhI milatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra tathA tathAgata buddha Adi ne jo dharma-saMdha kI racanA-sthApanA kii| usakA phala saMgha ke sabhI sadasyoM ko eka yA dUsare rUpa meM milaa| lAkhoM sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA saMgha ke nimitta se sAdhanA karake karmoM se mukta ho gae, lAkhoM sAdhaka-sAdhikA, upAsaka-upAsikAe~ devagati athavA manuSyagati meM phuNcii| itihAsa isa prakAra kI ghaTanAoM se bharA par3A hai| eka zAsaka apanI rAjyavRddhi kI lipsA se yuddha karatA hai, to sArA rAjya barabAda ho jAtA hai| samUcA rASTra kabhI-kabhI aneka kaThinAiyoM meM phaMsa jAtA hai| pAkistAna kI sAmrAjyalipsA ne, baMgalAdeza nahIM banA, usase pUrva vahA~ ke lAkhoM nidoSa mahilAoM, buddhizAlI logoM evaM nAgarikoM ko berahamI se mauta ke ghATa utAra ddaalaa| usa samaya kA samagra pUrvI pAkistAna (vartamAna meM baMgalAdeza) usa yuddha kI jvAlA meM jhulasa For Personal & Private Use Only

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290 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) gayA thaa| baMgalAdeza banA, taba bhI vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ko abhAvapIr3ita sthiti meM rahanA par3A thaa| ___kabhI-kabhI eka vyakti koI aisA kArya karatA hai, jisase sArA saMgha yA saMsthAna lAbhAnvita hotA hai| kaurava-pANDavoM ke varga ne milakara juA khelA, usake phalasvarUpa hue mahAbhArata yuddha kI pIr3A anekoM ko bhoganI pdd'ii|' kisI samrATa meM kAmukatA thI, usake kAraNa pUrA deza parataMtra ho gyaa| pRthvIrAja cauhAna ne kucha galata kAma kiye, usakA pariNAma pUre bhAratavarSa ko bhoganA pdd'aa| candragupta maurya, mahArANA pratApa Adi ne apane-apane deza, rASTra athavA prAnta kI svatantratA ke lie kucha kaSTa sahana kiyA, usakA pariNAma pUre rASTra, deza yA prAnta ko milaa| karma sAmUhika yA sAmAjika na hotA to ekamAtra mukhya karmakartA hI phala bhogatA .. ye aura isa prakAra kI sArI ghaTanAe~ hameM yaha socane ke lie bAdhya karatI haiM ki karma sAmAjika bhI hotA hai| yadi vaha sAmAjika nahIM hotA to mukhyatayA karmakartA ko hI usakA phala bhoganA par3atA, usase sambandhita anya logoM ko usake karma kA phala nahIM milatA yA nahIM bhoganA pdd'taa| parantu uparyukta ghaTanAoM se siddha hai ki, kabhI-kabhI eka sAtha aneka vyaktiyoM yA parivAra, samAja, rASTra Adi samUha ko mukhyataH vaisA zubha-azubha karma na karane para bhI usakA phala sAmUhika rUpa meM bhoganA par3atA hai, yA milatA hai| isalie karma aura karmaphala vyaktigata kI taraha sAmUhika bhI hotA hai| arthAt akele eka vyakti dvArA mukhyarUpa se vAMchanIya yA avAMchanIya karma kiyA jAtA hai, aura usakA pariNAma sambandhita varga yA samUha ko bhoganA par3atA hai| . karma aura karmaphala vaiyaktika bhI hai, sAmUhika yA sAmAjika bhI hai aisI sthiti meM prazna hotA hai ki agara karma aura karmaphala sAmUhika yA sAmAjika hote haiM to 'kyA jo karma karatA hai, vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai yaha vaiyaktika karma evaM karmaphala kA siddhAnta' yathArtha nahIM hai? upAdAna kI dRSTi se AtmA svayaM hI karma karatA hai, svayaM hI phala bhogatA hai isake uttara meM hameM jaina karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se gaharAI meM utaranA hogaa| jainadarzana meM do prakAra ke kAraNa batAe haiM-upAdAna kAraNa aura nimitta kaarnn| upAdAna kI dRSTi se karma bilkula vyaktigata hotA hai| kisI bhI karma kA upAdAna to vyakti svayaM hotA hai| vaha svayaM hI karma karatA hai, aura phala bhI svayaM bhogatA hai| isIlie yaha siddhAnta 1. karmavAda se kiJcid bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 182-183 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 291 upAdAna kI dRSTi se nitAnta ThIka batAte hue kahA gayA hai-'AtmA svayaM karma karatI hai aura svayaM hI usakA phala bhogatI hai|' nimitta kAraNa vyaktigata nahIM, sAmUhika hotA hai kintu nimitta kAraNa vaiyaktika nahIM hotA, vaha sAmUhika yA sAmAjika hotA hai| udAharaNa ke taura para eka ghara ke mukhiyA ne juA khelA, usameM sArI pU~jI gaMvA dii| usake parivAra meM choTe-bar3e kula milAkara 30 AdamI haiN| sabako usa dhanahAni kA pariNAma bhoganA pdd'aa| dhana ke abhAva kA AkramaNa saba para huaa| isa prakAra eka vyakti ke kiye hue aniSTa karma ke kAraNa AyA huA duHkharUpa pariNAma sAmUhika ho gyaa|' pariNAma sAmUhika, kintu saMvedana vyaktigata parantu sabakA saMvedana sAmUhika nahIM hotaa| ghara meM jo tIsa AdamI haiM, una sabakA saMvedana pRthak-pRthak hogaa| sabameM kucha na kucha bhinnatA evaM phala bhogane meM taratamatA avazya rhegii| ghaTanA eka hone para bhI sabakA saMvedana bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA hogaa| kisI kA saMvedana tIvra hogA, kisI kA manda aura kisI kA mdhym| eka kA saMvedana dUsare se prAyaH nahIM milegaa| eka bhAI socegA-"bhAIjI ne bahuta hI burA kiyaa| juA na khelate to itanA dhana barbAda na hotaa|" usase choTA bhAI socegA-"hameM kitanI sukha-suvidhAe~ milatI thIM, lekina Aja bar3e bhaiyA ke kAraNa hameM garIba aura abhAvapIr3ita honA pdd'aa|'' usakA bar3A putra socatA hai-"hAya! pitAjI ke kAraNa hama luTa gae! aba hamArA kArobAra kaise calegA? pUMjI to sArI jue meM svAhA kara dI pitAjI ne !" majhalA putra kahatA hai"pitAjI ne hI dhana kamAyA thA, unhIM ke hAthoM vaha calA gyaa| isameM aba cArA hI kyA hai? vyApAra hai yaha to, isameM utAra-car3hAva AtA hI rahatA hai|" usase choTA putra kahatA hai-"bhAI! honahAra ko koI TAla nahIM sktaa| bhAgya meM likhA hogA to phira dhana A jaaegaa| cintA karanA bekAra hai|" sabase choTA putra kahatA hai-"lakSmI kA svabhAva hI caMcala hai| vaha AtI-jAtI rahatI hai| kyA huA dhana calA gayA to? hamAre hAthoM meM zakti hai, phira puruSArtha karake kamAyeMge aura punaH svAvalambI ho jaaeNgeN|" putroM kI mAtA socatI hai-"lar3akoM ke pitAjI ne bar3I muzkila se itanI pUMjI ikaTThI kI thI, kintu kauna - jAnatA thA, isa prakAra inake jue ke khela meM sArI pU~jI ekadama calI jAegI? hAya! bar3I musIbata A gaI!" 1. (ka) svayaM karma karotyAtmA svayaM ttphlmshnute| (kha) appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa y|| (ga) karmavAda se kiMcid bhAva grahaNa pR. 184 -uttarAdhyayana For Personal & Private Use Only

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292 . karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isa prakAra ghaTanA eka hone para bhI usakI pratikriyA bhinna bhinna prakAra kI huI / sabakA saMvedana bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA huA / isIlie hama dekhate haiM ki karma eka kA, pariNAma sAmUhika, kintu saMvedana vyaktigata hotA hai| upAdAna vaiyaktika : nimitta sAmUhika isI prakAra upAdAna kI dRSTi se vyakti svayaM karma karatA hai, svayaM hI use bhogatA hai, kintu nimitta kI dRSTi se usase sambandhita sArA samUha usakA pariNAma bhogatA hai| mAna lIjie, kisI kAraNavaza do sau AdamI bhISaNa grISma Rtu meM kahIM jA rahe haiN| ve saba apanI vyaktigata icchA se hI kar3I dhUpa meM yaha gamana kriyA kara rahe haiN| ataH gamana kriyA kA karma sabakA vyaktigata hone se upAdAna vyaktigata hai, kintu una sabako teja dhUpa kI pIr3A ho rahI hai| sabako kaSTa kA anubhava ho rahA hai, isa kAraNa kahanA hogA-upAdAna vaiyaktika hote hue bhI nimitta sAmUhika huaa|' AcaraNa vyaktiniSTha : vyavahAra samAjaniSTha: kriyA vaiyaktika, pratikriyA sAmUhika isI prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AcaraNa- - kisI bhI karma kI kriyA- vyaktigata hotI hai, kintu vyakti kA dUsare se sambandha avazya hone se vyavahAra sAmUhika hotA hai| ataH kahA jAtA hai - AcaraNa vyaktiniSTha hotA hai aura vyavahAra hotA hai - samAjaniSTha / sAmAjika jIvana pUrA kA pUrA vyavahAra se sambaddha hotA hai| ise dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai- 'kriyA eka, pratikriyA aneka / ' kriyA se jaise karma hotA hai, vaise pratikriyA se bhI karma aura karmaphala kA saMvedana hotA hai| udAharaNArtha- eka mahilA vairAgyarasa se otaprota gIta gAtI hai| jahA~ yaha saMgIta ho rahA hai, vahA~ sau se adhika zrotA upasthita haiM / unameM se kisI ko vaha saMgIta gAyanakalA kI dRSTi se bahuta rucikara lagatA hai, kisI ko mAdhurya kI dRSTi se vaha gAyana dilacaspa lagatA hai| koI gIta gAne vAlI mahilA ke hAvabhAva para koI usake abhinaya para aura koI gAye jAne vAle gIta ke tAla aura laya para mugdha hotA hai| koI vyakti vairAgyarasa meM sarAbora hokara virakti ke bhAvoM meM bahane lagatA hai to koI usa vairAgyapUrNa gIta se Uba jAtA hai| koI usa gIta ko atyanta sarasa batalA kara gAyikA ko inAma detA hai, koI dhanyavAda detA hai, to koI usake gIta ko nIrasa batalAkara usakI nindA karane lagatA hai| isa prakAra mahilA ke dvArA kI gaI gAyana kriyA eka hote hue, usakI pratikriyA 9. karmavAda se yatkiJcid bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 183 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 293 bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI huii| isa prakAra AcaraNa yA karma ekaniSTha, kintu vyavahAra anekaniSTha-sAmUhika huaa|' niSkarSa yaha hai ki kriyA karane vAle eka vyakti ko to apane zubha yA azubha bhAvoM ke anusAra karmabandha aura karmaphala milatA hai kintu sAtha hI usa kriyA para bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI zubhAzubha bhAvoM kI pratikriyA karane vAloM ko bhI karmabandha aura karmaphala sAmUhika rUpa se prApta hotA hai| karma aura karmaphala vaiyaktika bhI, sAmAjika bhI : kyoM aura kaise? pUrvokta sandarbho meM karmavijJAna ke rahasya ko samajhA jAe to karma ke vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM pakSa yathArtha siddha hote haiN| phalitArtha yaha hai ki jo karma karatA hai, vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai, yaha karmabandha aura karmaphala kI vaiyaktikatA bhI yathArtha hai aura eka ke kiye hue karma kA pariNAma samUha ko bhI bhoganA par3atA hai, yaha karma aura karmaphala kI sAmUhikatA-sAmAjikatA bhI yathArtha hai| donoM pakSa samanvita hokara karma vijJAna kI yathArtha tasvIra vyakta karate haiN| ___ anekAnta dRSTi se kaheM yA sApekSa dRSTi se kaheM, jaba hama upAdAna kI apekSA se vicAra karate haiM to karma aura karmaphala vaiyaktika hotA hai, aura jaba nimitta kI apekSA se socate haiM to karma evaM karmaphala sAmAjika hotA hai| isI prakAra saMvedana kI apekSA se socate haiM to vyakti-vyakti kA saMvedana pRthak-pRthak hone se karma aura karmaphala vaiyaktika pratIta hotA hai, kintu jaba hama pariNAma kI apekSA se vicAra karate haiM to pratIta hotA haikarma aura karmaphala sAmUhika hai-sAmAjika hai|2 . vaiyaktika karmoM kA saMkramaNa nahIM, sAmAjika karmoM meM hI saMkramaNa ___ isI prakAra karmavijJAna ke pariprekSya meM jaba hama saMkramaNa kI dRSTi se vicAra karate hai to aisA bhI pratIta hotA hai ki jo karma vaiyaktika hote haiM, unakA saMkramaNa nahIM hotA, unameM karma aura karmaphala kA AdAna-pradAna yA vinimaya nahIM hotA; kintu jo karma sAmAjika hote haiM, unameM saMkramaNa hotA hai, vinimaya hotA hai| jaise-eka paropakAraparAyaNa vyakti dAna karatA hai, bhojanasatra calAtA hai, yA niHzulka zikSaNa saMsthA calAtA hai, to usake isa zubhakarma kA phala usako to milatA hI hai, samAja ko bhI usakA sAmUhika phala milatA hai| 1. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 183 * 2. karmavAda se bhAvAMza uddhRta pR. 185 3. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 182 For Personal & Private Use Only

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294 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) mAtA-pitA ke karma kA phala saMtAna ko; kyoM aura kaise? parivAra samAja kI eka ikAI hai| parivAra meM mAtA-pitA Adi svayaM kaSTa uThAkara, saba kucha sahana karake baccoM kA pAlana-poSaNa karate haiN| vizeSataH mAtA apanI saMtAna kA aneka kaSTa uThAkara pAlana-poSaNa karatI hai, unheM saMskAra aura zikSaNa bhI detI-dilAtI hai| mAtA yA pitA bAlakoM ke pAlana-poSaNa-saMvarddhana kA karma karate haiM, taba vaha karma aura karmaphala bAlakoM meM saMkrAnta ho jAtA hai| mAtA-pitA ke kiye hue karma kA phala bAlakoM ko prApta hotA hai| ___ kaI bAra mAtA-pitA ke aneka roga AnuvaMzikatA ke kAraNa unake baccoM ke saMkrAnta ho jAte haiN| aisA kyoM hotA hai? aparAdha mAtA-pitA kA aura pariNAma bhoganA par3atA hai, niraparAdha baccoM ko! isI prakAra paitRka virAsata ke rUpa meM mAtA-pitA ke kucha guNa-doSa bhI santAnoM ko milate haiN| pitA ke dhana kA lAbha uttarAdhikAra meM putroM ko milatA hai, kintu kabhI-kabhI pitA ke karja yA vyApAra meM ghATe kI dhanahAni bhI putroM ko bhoganI par3atI hai| yaha Akasmika yA akAraNa nahIM ho jaataa| jaina karmavijJAna ke anusAra socA jAe to spaSTa pratIta hogA ki una baccoM ko apane pUrvakRta (pUrvajanma yA kaI janmoM pUrva kiye hue) zubhAzubha karma kA udaya isa janma meM amuka mAtA-pitA yA parivAra meM janma lene aura apane pUrvakRta karmoM ke phala ke rUpa meM guNa-doSoM kI prApti yA dhana ke lAbha-hAni kA saMyoga prApta hotA hai| ataH saMkramaNa sAmUhika hotA hai kintu saMvedana vyaktigata hotA hai| isameM vaha saMkrAnta nahIM hotaa| vaiyaktika karma kA saMkramaNa nahIM hotA, na hI vinimaya hotA upAdAnakAraNa kI apekSA karmaphalabhoga vyaktigata, nimittakAraNa kI apekSA se sAmUhika isalie uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA yaha kathana bhI yathArtha hai ki "pApI jIva ke duHkha ko na jAti vAle baMTA sakate haiM, na mitravarga, na putra aura na hI bndhu-baandhv| (pUrvakRta azubha karma udaya meM Ane para) vyakti svayaM akelA hI duHkha (janma, jarA, mRtyu, vyAdhi, roga, zoka, cintA Adi duHkha) bhogatA hai, kyoMki karma kartA kA hI anugamana karatA hai| arthAt-kartA ko hI karma kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai|"2 1. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 182 2. na tassa dukkhaM vibhayaMti nAio, na mittavaggA na suyA na baaNdhvaa| ego sayaM paccaNuhoi dukkhaM, kattArameva aNujAi kmmN|| -uttarAdhyayana 13/23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 295 yaha kathana upAdAna kAraNa kI apekSA se satya hai; kintu nimitta kAraNa kI apekSA se pApI jIva ke parivAra, varga, jAti, dharma-sampradAya Adi se sambaddha jo aneka loga samUha rUpa se kRta, kArita yA anumodita rUpa meM hote haiM, ve bhI apane-apane pUrvakRta karmoM ke anusAra usakA phala prApta karate haiM, isalie mukhyakartA dvArA kRta ukta azubha (pApa) karma kI preraNA, samarthana-anumodana karane vAle usase sambaddha jo bhI pArivArika vargIya, jAtIya yA saMsthAkIya, sampradAyIya jana haiM, ve bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM ukta karma ke kartA hone para ve bhI sAmUhika rUpa se karmaphala bhogate haiN| isa dRSTi se sAmUhika rUpa se kRta karma aura usakA prApta sAmUhika phala bhI yathArtha hai, kyoMki AkhirakAra parivAra varga, jAti Adi ke loga bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM apane parivAra Adi ke vyakti dvArA kRta pApakarma ke parokSa rUpeNa hissedAra banate haiN| taba phira unheM usa karma meM sahAyaka hone se usakA phala apane-apane kRta karma kI mAtrAnusAra bhoganA par3egA hii| karma sAmUhika, sukha-duHkha-saMvedana apanA-apanA, phalabhoga pRthak-pRthak isa viSaya meM AcArAMga' kA yaha sUtra bhI mananIya hai| usakA bhAvArtha yaha hai-"he puruSa! svajanAdi tujhe trANa dene (rakSA karane) yA zaraNa dene meM samartha nahIM haiN| duHkha aura sukha (kA saMvedana) pratyeka AtmA kA apanA-apanA hai, yaha jAnakara (viSayabhogoM yA para-padArthoM se anAsakta rhe)| kucha manuSya bhogoM kI hI aharniza cintA karate rahate haiN| kaI mAnavoM ko tIna prakAra se yAnI apane, dUsaroM ke athavA donoM ke, athavA kRta, kArita, anumodita rUpa se, sammilita prayatna se alpa yA bahuta artha (dhana) kI mAtrA (saMcita) ho jAtI hai| phira ve saba usake upabhoga ke lie usa arthamAtrA para Asakta (gRddha) ho jAte haiN| una sabake upabhoga ke bAda bacI huI vipula sampatti ke kAraNa vaha mahAn sAdhana-sampadA se sampanna ho jAtA hai| phira jIvana meM kabhI aisA samaya AtA hai ki usa pracura sampatti meM se dAyAda hissA ba~TA lete haiM, cora use curA le jAte haiM, rAjA (zAsanakartA) use chIna lete haiM, vaha anya prakAra se (durvyasanoM, yA prAkRtika prakopoM se) naSTa-bhraSTa ho jAtI hai| gRhadAha (AgajanI) Adi se jalakara bhasma ho jAtI hai|" 1. "jANitu dukkhaM patteyaM sAyaM bhogAmeva annusoyNti| ihamegesiM mANavANaM tiviheNa jA vi se tattha mattA bhavati appA vA bahugA vaa| se tattha gaDhie ciTThati bhoynnaae|" "tato se egayA viparisiTuM saMbhUtaM mahovagaraNaM bhvti| taM pi se egayA dAyAdA vibhayaMti, adattahArovA se avaharati, rAyANo vA se vilupati, Nassati vA se, viNassati vA se| agAradAheNa vA se ddjjhti|" "iti se parassa aTThAe kUrAI kammAI vAle pakubbamANe, teNa dukkheNa mUDhe vipriyaasmuvei||" -AcArAMga 1/2/4, sU. 82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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296 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isI prakAra ajJAnI mAnava dUsaroM ke lie aneka krUra karma karatA huA (duHkha ke kAraNoM kA nirmANa karatA hai), phira duHkha (una pUrvavaddha karmoM) ke udaya hone para vaha mRda banakara viparyAsabhAva ko prApta hotA hai|" / karma sAmUhika, phala bhI kathaMcit sAmUhika, kathaMcit vyaktigata : kyoM aura kaise? uparyukta sUtra se spaSTa dhvanita ho jAtA hai ki karma cAhe vyaktigata ho yA sAmUhika udaya meM Ane (phalabhoga ke sammukha hone) para usa para sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana apanA-apanA pRthak-pRthak hotA hai| sAtha hI isameM yaha bhI spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki dhana-saMcita karane kA (parigraha) karma vyakti akelA nahIM, kabhI-kabhI sAre parivAra yA samAja ke loga sammilita rUpa se, athavA karane, karAne tathA anumodana karane (yoM trividha) rUpa se karate haiM, usa saMcita dhana para Asakti bhI ukta samUha kI hotI hai| phalataH ve saba ukta dhana yA sukha-sAdhanoM kA upabhoga karate haiN| mAnA ki ukta artha ke upArjana, saMcaya aura saMrakSaNa meM sabako pRthak pRthak sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana hotA hai| balki vartamAna yuga meM to bahuta-se loga kevala yena-kena-prakAreNa dhana kamAne ke pIche par3e rahate haiM, tAki dhana se bar3appana pradarzita kara sakeM, sukha-suvidhAeM juTA sakeM, isake pIche jo cintA, tanAva, udvignatA, svAstha kI barbAdI, IrSyA-dveSa vRddhi Adi hotI hai, usase duHkha kA saMvedana hI adhika hotA hai| phira bhI ukta artha saMgraha ke sAtha jina-jina logoM kI Asakti jur3I huI hai, tathA jo jo vyakti usakA upabhoga karate haiM, unako bhI ukta karma kA phala bhoganA par3egA hii| hA~, ve apane hisse meM AI huI sAmagrI kA upabhoga anAsakta bhAva se kareM yA AvazyakatAnusAra kharca kareM, zeSa sampatti ko janatA kI zikSA, cikitsA, sahAyatA Adi sevA kAryoM meM lagAeM to usase puNya karma kA upArjana bhI kara sakate haiN| kintu jo vyakti dhana meM matavAlA evaM svArthaparAyaNa hokara svayaM yA apane parivAra ko hI upabhoga kA adhikArI mAnatA hai, use sAvadhAna karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM-vaha saMcita dhana yadi puNyakArya meM nahIM lagAyA gayA to vaha dAyAda, cora, sarakAra, agni, bAr3ha, bhUkampa Adi nimittoM se naSTa ho sakatA hai, phira usa vyakti ke palle par3egA, usa dhana ke lie kiye hue pApa kamoM kA svayaM phala bhog| phira jo apanI mUr3hatA aura viparIta dRSTi ke kAraNa karma phalabhoga ke samaya bhI vaha samabhAva na rakhakara, viSamabhAva rakhatA hai to phira usake jIvana meM naye-naye koM kI bAr3ha AtI rahatI hai| aisA mUr3ha vyakti bAra-bAra janma-maraNa ke cakra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai! 1. dekheM-AcArAMgasUtra 1/2/4/ sU. 82 para vivecana aura vizleSaNa; pR. 56 (Agama prakAzana samiti, yAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 297 karma kI azuddhatA dUra ho to samUha ke lie kiye gae zubha karma kA phala bhI sukhakAraka zrI kedAranAthajI kA yaha mantavya bhI vicAraNIya hai-hamAre karma kA phala khuda hameM to bhoganA hI par3atA hai, sAtha hI sAtha dUsaroM ko bhI bhoganA par3atA hai; isa niyama para aba hameM vizvAsa rakhanA caahie| mAnavajagat kA nyAya sAmUhika paddhati para calatA hai| isalie hamAre karmoM kA phala (kevala) hameM (hI) na milakara samUha ko bhI milegaa|. ... premI aura kalyANa-icchuka mAtA-pitA apanI santAna para acche saMskAra DAlane aura usakI unnati ke lie khuda saMyamI, sadguNI aura sadAcArI rahate haiN| isI prakAra sArI mAnava-jAti para hamArA prema ho, sabake prati hamAre mana meM sahAnubhUti ho to samasta mAnava-jAti ke lie (karmavijJAna ke antargata) dharmamArga (saMvara-nirjarApatha) se kaSTa sahana karane meM hameM dhanyatA kA anubhava hogaa| . . . isake lie hameM apane karmoM aura saMkalpoM kA vicAra karake unameM rahane vAlI azuddhatA dUra karanI caahie| (kama se kama) hameM zabha karma karane cAhie aura zubha saMkalpa dhAraNa karane caahie| sabakI zuddhi aura unnati ke lie hameM satkarmarata aura sadguNI bananA caahie| ... .kevala apane viSaya kI saMkucita bhAvanA se kaSTa sahana karane ke bajAya mAnavatA aura ekatA kI vizAla bhAvanA se kaSTa sahana karane meM jIvana kI saccI sArthakatA hai|' . Azaya yaha hai ki vicAraka mAnava ko zuddha aura zubha karma karanA cAhie, jisakA lAbha svayaM ko hI nahIM vyApaka samAja ko bhI mile| jaise mAtA-pitA svayaM saMyamI sadAcArI rahakara saMtAna ke abhyudaya evaM susaMskAra ke lie nAnA kaSTa sahate haiM vaise hI vyApaka bhAvanA se saMyamI sadAcArI rahakara vizva ke prati vAtsalyabhAva rakhakara kaSTa sahana kre| tabhI apane sukarma kA phala svayaM ke sAtha-sAtha samagra samAja ko mila sakatA - isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA pratidina ubhayakAla pratikramaNa ke samaya aisI bhAvanA karo-'mittI me savvebhUesu veraM majjha na kenni|' merI samasta prANiyoM ke prati maitrI .: hai, kisI ke sAtha bhI vaira virodha nahIM hai| 'satveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM' isa sAmAyika pATha meM ukta zloka meM bhI prANimAtra ke prati maitrI, guNIjanoM ke prati pramodabhAvanA, duHkhita jIvoM ke prati karuNAbhAvanA aura viparItavRtti-pravRtti vAloM ke prati mAdhyasthya bhAvanA kA srota bhI sAmUhika rUpa se puNya-bandha evaM puNyaphala kA pratipAdaka hai| 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita zrI kedAranAthajI ke 'karmapariNAma kI paramparA' lekha se, pR. 249 For Personal & Private Use Only

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298 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) netA yA agraNI kA prabhAva yA saMkramaNa sAmUhika hotA hai parivAra, jAti, sampradAya yA samAja netA, nAyaka athavA agraNI ke AdhAra para calatA hai| parivAra Adi ye saba samAja ke ghaTaka haiN| ye kucheka kuzala vyaktiyoM ke sahAre calate haiN| ataH kisI bhI sAmAjika pariNAma ke lie katipaya agragaNya vyaktiyoM para nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai / parantu usakI saMkramaNazIlatA athavA prabhAvazAlitA pUre samAja para hotI hai| vyakti Atma-kendrita hote hue bhI samAja, rASTra evaM vizva se sambaddha hai|| kucheka vyaktiyoM yA rASTroM kI vRtti pravRtti kA prabhAva kabhI-kabhI sAre rASTra athavA vizva para bhI par3atA hai| isIlie pahale kahA gayA thA - parivAra yA samAja ke netA, zAsaka yA agraNI ke guNa-doSoM kA prabhAva yA saMkramaNa sAmAjika hotA hai| karma kI sAmUhika phala prApti : nimitta kI apekSA se isI prakAra karmavijJAna ke antargata karma ke sAmUhika yA sAmAjika phala prApta hone meM upAdAna aura nimitta kI dRSTi se vicAra karanA caahie| eka vyakti ne aNubama kA prayoga kiyaa| eka sAtha eka lAkha manuSya mAre ge| yahA~ upAdAna kI apekSA se yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki amuka vyakti ne eka lAkha AdamiyoM ko mAra DAlA, kintu nimitta kI dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai, vaha vyakti mArane vAlA hai| yadi manuSya maraNazIla nahIM hote athavA unameM marane kI yogyatA yA kSamatA na hotI to aNubama unakA bAla bhI bAMkA nahIM kara sakatA thaa| ataH maraNa kA upAdAna ve saba vyakti haiM, nimitta isa vyakti kA evaM aNubama kA mila gayA, ve mara ge| nimitta kA kAma upAdAna ko vyakta kara denA hai / upAdAna niSkriya hotA hai, use sakriya evaM prabhAvI banA denA nimitta kA kArya hai| nimitta kI dRSTi se hI nahIM, upAdAna dRSTi se bhI vicAra karo jIvana kA sArA vyavahAra nimitta ke AdhAra para calatA hai| upAdAna kI dRSTi se soceM to koI kisI vyakti yA samUha kA bhalA nahIM kara sakatA; kintu nimitta kI dRSTi se kahA jAtA hai - amuka vyakti ne amuka ko yA amuka samUha ko sukhI kara diyA, athavA duHkhI kara diyaa| phalataH nimitta kI prazaMsA yA nindA kI jAtI hai| nimitta ke binA manuSya kA kArya yA vyavahAra nahIM cala sakatA / kintu nimitta ko pakar3a kara baiTha jAnA buddhimAnI nahIM hai| aisA karane se puruSArthahInatA bhI parilakSita hotI hai| ataH pahale kisI ghaTanA yA paristhiti kA upAdAna kI dRSTi se vicAra yA cintana karanA caahie| upAdAna kI dRSTi se karmasiddhAnta yaha nahIM kahatA ki amuka vyakti sukha yA duHkha dene vAlA hai| kintu nimitta kI dRSTi se aisA kahA jA sakatA hai|" 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 186 For Personal & Private Use Only

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upAdAna para sArA bojha na DAlo, nimitta kA vicAra bhI karo upAdAna kI dRSTi se vicAra karane ke sAtha hI vyakti apane Apako usa doSa yA aparAdha se barI na samajha le, aura aisA na kahanA cAhie ki maiM kyA karU~; usakA (jisako hAni pahu~cAI, hatyA kI athavA mArA-pITA usakA ) upAdAna hI aisA thA / maiM to kevala nimitta banA huuN| isa prakAra nimitta kI oTa meM svayaM ko chipA lenA ucita nahIM hai| upAdAna para sArA bojha DAlakara svayaM chipa jAne se usa vyakti ko phira burAI karate rahane yA usI aparAdha ko bAra-bAra doharAne meM koI saMkoca nahIM hotaa| isalie vyakti ho yA samUha svayaM ko aparAdha se barI samajhakara upAdAna ke nAma para dUsaroM ke sira para doSa mar3ha denA kathamapi ucita nahIM hai| karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 299 karmavijJAna apane prati vicAra karate samaya upAdAna ko prAthamikatA dene tathA dUsaroM ke prati vyavahAra karate samaya nimitta ko prAthamikatA dene kI bAta kahatA hai| apane para saMkaTa, vipatti yA duHkha A par3ane para karma siddhAntavijJa vyakti apane upAdAna kA vicAra kare, nimitta ko na kose, kintu dUsaroM ke prati ayukta, anucita yA anyAyayukta vyavahAra ke samaya vyakti usake upAdAna kA vicAra na karake svayaM ke nimitta hone- dUsaroM ko kSati pahu~cAne meM nimitta banane kA vicAra kare aura apanA aparAdha yA doSa svIkAra kre| yahI zubhakarma yA zuddhakarma (akarma) kA sAmAjika rUpa hogaa| karmodaya kI do avasthAe~ : svayaM udIrita, pareNa udIrita karmavijJAna meM vyaktigata yA samUhagata karmabandha ke pazcAt usakA phala bhugavAne se pahale vaha udaya meM AtA hai| karmodaya kI do avasthAe~ mAnI gaI haiM - eka avasthA vaha haijisameM karma svayaM udaya meM AtA hai| dUsarI avasthA vaha hai, jisameM karma ko udaya meM Ane se pahale hI svayaM udIraNA karake udaya meM vipAkAvasthA meM lAyA jAtA hai, aura zIghra hI phala bhoga karake use nirjIrNa (kSINa) kara diyA jAtA hai| udIraNA bhI do prakAra se hotI hai- eka svataH udIraNA kI jAtI hai; dUsarI, dUsare nimitta ke dvArA udIraNA kI jAtI hai| Azaya yaha hai kisI zubha yA azubha pUrvakRta vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika karmabandha kA phala * vipAkAvasthA ko prApta hone se pahale hI yA to svataH udIrNa karake phalabhoga lenA, athavA dUsare kisI nimitta ke dvArA karmaphala ko udIrita kara denaa|' do dRSTAntoM dvArAH vaiyaktika kI taraha sAmUhika karma-vipAka vaiyaktika evaM sAmUhika karma kI pareNa udIraNA ko hama do dRSTAntoM dvArA samajha leM 1. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 187 For Personal & Private Use Only

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300 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) (1) vaiyaktika karmaphala-eka vyakti bilakula niroga hai| usake zarIra meM kisI bhI prakAra kA zArIrika yA mAnasika roga nahIM hai, kintu eka dina vaha kahIM jA rahA thA, aksamAt kisI ne usa para patthara pheMkA aura ghaTanAsthala para hI usakI mRtyu ho gii| yaha mRtyu svAbhAvika nahIM, svayaM prApta nahIM, svayaM dvArA udIrNa (AtmahatyAparaka) nahIM, kintu dUsare vyakti ke dvArA udIrita mRtyu hai| jo mauta kaI varSoM pazcAta hone vAlI thI, vaha dUsare ke dvArA pASANa-prahAra se tatkAla ho gii| yaha vyaktigatarUpa se pUrvakRta karmabandha kA dUsare ke nimitta se ukta karma ko udIrita karake vaiyaktika rUpa se zIghra mRtyurUpa phala bhoganA huaa| (2) sAmUhika karmaphala-isI prakAra sAmUhika rUpa se zIghra karmaphala bhoga bhI hotA hai| eka samUha kisI basa se kisI tIrthayAtrA para jA rahA hai| usameM strI-puruSa, vRddha-yuvaka evaM bacce bhI haiN| bahuta hI Ananda se, svasthatApUrvaka yAtrA ho rahI hai, aksamAta kucha sazastra AtaMkavAdI usa basa meM car3ha ge| DrAivara evaM kaMDakTara ko baMdUka kI noka para basa rokane yA jaMgala meM le calane ko bAdhya kara diyaa| aura phira usameM baiThe hue DrAivara kaMDakTara sameta sabhI yAtriyoM ko goliyoM se bhUna ddaalaa| unake pAsa se jo dhana, AbhUSaNa Adi mile; lekara campata ho ge| isa ghaTanA meM eka sAtha 40-50 vyaktiyoM ko apanAapanA pUrvakRta karmabandha, jo varSoM bAda udaya meM AtA, ukta AtaMkavAdiyoM dvArA tatkAla udIraNA karake vipAkAvasthA meM lAkara phala bhugavAne meM tatpara ho gyaa| yaha sAmUhika rUpa se baddha karma kA pareNa udIrita zIghra sAmUhika karmaphala kI ghaTanA hai| bha. mahAvIra ne jisa prakAra vyakti ko mukta hone kI svatantratA dI hai, vaise hI samUha ko bhI kamoM se mukta hone kI svatantratA pradAna kI hai| isakA pramANa hai-eka samaya meM eka sAtha 108 vyaktiyoM ke siddha-buddha-mukta hone kA vidhaan| ataH jaise eka sAtha sAmUhika rUpa se karmabandha kA vidhAna hai, vaise hI eka sAtha sAmUhika rUpa se karmamukta hone kA bhI vidhAna hai| gautama svAmI ke 503 ziSya unake vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara bane the| unheM gautama svAmI ke kevalajJAna hone se pUrva hI eka sAtha kevala jJAna aura vItarAgatva prApta ho gayA thaa| bhUkampa Adi Akasmika durghaTanA ke nimitta se hajAroM ko eka sAtha karmaphala prApti isI prakAra sAmUhika rUpa se bhUkampa, bAr3ha, mahAmArI, plega Adi saMkrAmaka bImAriyA~, ityAdi Akasmika vipattiyA~ udIrita hotI haiN| ina vipadAoM ke Ane para eka sAtha hajAroM, lAkhoM vyaktiyoM ko ve apanI capeTa meM le letI haiN| sAmahika rUpa se pUrvabaddha jo karma na jAne kaba vipAka meM (phala bhugavAne) AtA, vaha kisI para-nimitta ke For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika ? 301 dvArA tatkAla vipAka meM A jAtA hai| plega yA haijA Adi kisI saMkrAmaka roga se grasta eka rogI kisI gA~va meM A jAtA hai, aura sArA gA~va aksamAt usa roga kA zikAra ho jAtA hai| isa sandarbha meM kahA jA sakatA hai, ki una dUsare hajAra logoM ne to abhI to rogotpatti kA koI kupakSya-sevana Adi nahIM kiyA, phira unheM usa roga kA aksamAt zikAra hokara mRtyu ke mukha meM kyoM jAnA par3A ? parantu karmavijJAna kA kathana hai ki abhI to unhoMne koI kukRtya nahIM kiyA, kintu unakI AtmA ne pUrvakAla meM sAmUhika rUpa se aisA koI kukarma avazya kiyA hogA, jisase karmabandha huA hai, aura usI pUrvabaddha karma kA akasmAt isa nimitta se eka sAtha sAmUhika rUpa meM phala bhoganA par3A hai| karma ke saMskAra to janma-janmAntara ke calate haiN| ve isa janma ke bhI ho sakate haiM, pUrvajanma yA janmoM ke bhI / " sAmUhik yA sAmAjika karmaphala na mAnane para isalie pareNa udIritarUpa meM karmaphala sAmUhika bhI hotA hai, vyaktigata bhI / karma aura karmaphala ko sAmUhika yA sAmAjika nahIM mAnane para yA to vaha AtmA karma aura karmaphala donoM se aspRSTa, niraMjana- nirAkAra siddha-buddha mukta hogI, yA phira vaha samAja se bilakula alaga-thalaga kevala vyakti raha jAegA! samAja tabhI banatA hai jaba vyakti eka dUsare se prabhAvita hotA hai| isI meM sAmAjikatA, acchI paramparA tathA samAja ke hita kA vicAra vikasita hotA hai| karmoM kA saMkramaNa hotA hai, tabhI samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai| isalie jisa prakAra karma vaiyaktika ke samAna sAmUhika bhI hotA hai, isI prakAra usakA phala bhI vaiyaktika ke samAna sAmUhika yA sAmAjika bhI hotA hai| pUrvokta sabhI pahaluoM se vicAra karane para spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki karma aura karmabandha tathA baddha karmoM kA phala vaiyaktika bhI hotA hai aura sAmUhika yA sAmAjika bhii| sApekSa dRSTi se socanA hI jaina karmavijJAna kI vizeSatA hai| 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 187 For Personal & Private Use Only

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- kyA karmaphala-bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai? eka ke zubhAzubha karma phala ko dUsarA koI bhI le yA de nahIM sakatA Atma-kartRtva kA svIkAra karane ke sAtha-sAtha jainakarmavijJAna-vizeSajJoM ke samakSa jaba yaha prazna AyA ki kyA koI dUsarA vyakti yA Izvara Adi kisI ke puNya-pApa ke phala ko svayaM grahaNa kara sakate haiM ? jainakarmavijJAna ne isakA samAdhAna kiyA ki svakRta karma ke lie vyakti yA samUha svayaM hI jimmedAra hai| vahI vyakti yA samUha svakRta zubhAzubha karma kA phala svayaM hI bhogatA hai| Izvara yA koI zakti, yA anya koI vyakti kisI dUsare ke puNya yA pApa ke phala ko na to de sakatA hai, aura na hI usase le sakatA hai| bhagavadgItA meM to spaSTa kahA gayA hai-"Izvara na to kisI ke pApa ko grahaNa karatA hai, na puNya ko| jIvoM kA jJAna ajJAna se AvRta hai| ataH usa ajJAna (bhAvakarma) ke kAraNa moha se mUr3ha ho jAte haiN|" ___sAmAyika pATha meM AcArya amitagati sUri ne kahA hai-"jisa AtmA ne pUrvakAla meM svayaM jo karma kiyA hai, usI kA zubhAzubha phala vahI prApta karatA hai| yadi vaha jIva dUsare ke dvArA diye hue phala ko prApta karatA hai, to svakRta karma nirarthaka hI siddha hogaa|" jisa prakAra apane dvArA paThita vidyA kA-jJAnaprApti kA lAbha dUsarA nahIM prApta kara sakatA, na hI vaha vyakti dUsare ko usake binA mehanata kiye jJAna de sakatA hai, isI prakAra apane dvArA kRtakarma kA phala na to vyakti dUsare ko de sakatA hai, na hI dUsare ke karma kA phala svayaM le sakatA hai, aura na dUsarA prApta kara sakatA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki 1. (ka) nAdatte kasyacit pApaM, na caiva sukRtaM vibhuH| ajJAnenAvRtaM jJAnaM tena muhyanti jntvH|| (kha) svayaM kRtaM karma yadA''tmanA purA, phalaM tadIyaM labhate shubhaashubhm|| pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM, svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tdaa||-saamaayik pATha (ga) kattArameva aNujAi kmme| -uttarA. 20/2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kyA karmaphala-bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 303 koI bhI prANI na to kisI dUsare ke badale karma kara sakatA hai aura na hI dUsare ke dvArA kiye hue karma kA phala dUsarA bhoga sakatA hai| svakRta karma kA phala svayaM ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai| eka ke kiye hue karma kA phala bhI dUsarA nahIM bhoga sakatA, aura na hI karma kI adalA-badalI ho sakatI hai| itanA avazya hai ki karmaphala bhugavAne meM dUsarA vyakti nimitta yA preraka bana sakatA hai| yadi karma aura usake phala kA vinimaya ho sakatA, taba to rogI, duHkhI yA pIr3ita Adi ke roga, duHkha yA pIr3A ko usake svajana avazya bAMTa lete aura use sukhI kara dete| karma ke phalabhoga meM koI bhI hissA nahIM karatA uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM to spaSTa kahA hai ki-"saMsArI prANI (apane aura) dUsaroM (bandhu-bAndhavoM) ke lie sAdhAraNa (sabako samAna phala milane kI icchA se kiyA jAne vAlA) karma karatA hai parantu usa karma ke vedana (phalabhoga) ke samaya ve bAndhava bandhutA nahIM dikhAte, arthAta-usa karmaphala ko bhogane meM hissedAra nahIM hote|" yadi eka kA karma yA karmaphala dUsarA le sakatA, taba to svAdhyAya, tapa yA anya ratnatraya sAdhanA Adi kI jarUrata koI bhI na samajhatA, dUsaroM se svAdhyAyadi ke lAbha kA phala le letaa| ___ ataH niSkarSa yaha hai ki "jisa vyakti ne jaisA, jo kucha karma kiyA usakA phala use hI milatA hai, dUsare ko nhiiN| Agama meM kahA hai-karma kartA kA hI anugamana karatA hai| jo kartA hai, vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai| kapar3A bunane vAlA, ghar3A banAne vAlA svayaM hI usakA phala prApta karatA hai| isI prakAra jo acchA-burA jaisA bhI karma karatA hai vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai| eka vyakti ke zubhAzubha karmaphala meM dUsarA hissedAra nahIM ho sakatA - jainakarmavijJAna kA spaSTa mantavya hai ki zubha yA azubha karma ke phalabhoga meM eka ke badale dUsarA vyakti jimmedAra nahIM bana sktaa| vyakti jaisA bhI zubha yA azubha karma karatA hai, vaha apane hI saMkalpa yA vicAra ke anusAra karatA hai, isalie vahI usake phala kI prApti kA adhikArI hai| . prazna hotA hai ki jaise parivAra ke adhikAMza loga milakara khetI karate haiM, para jaba phasala AtI hai, taba usakA phala sAre parivAra ko milatA hai, jo baccA yA vidyArthI kizora abhI kRSi karma meM hissA nahIM bNttaataa| use bhI usa kRSikarma ke phalasvarUpa anAja tathA usase banI huI cIjeM milatI haiN| isalie dUsare ke dvArA kiye gaye karma kA phala karma nahIM karane vAloM ko bhI milatA hai| 1. "saMsAramAvanna parassa aTThA, sAhAraNaM jaM ca karei kmm| kammassa te tassa u veyakAle na bAMdhavA baMdhavayaM uti / / '' -uttarAdhyayana 4/4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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304 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki parivAra ke jina logoM ne kRSikarma meM hAtha baMTAyA hai, unheM to usakA phalabhoga milatA hI hai, kintu jina baccoM yA kizora-kizoriyoM ne kRSikarma nahIM kiyA hai, unakA unake pUrvajanmakRta karmoM ke kAraNa ukta parivAra se sambandha huA, isa kAraNa pUrvopArjita karma ke phalasvarUpa unheM bhI usakA phala milatA hai| karmaphala milane evaM karmaphala bhogane meM antara hai kintu eka rahasya isameM avazya hai- karmaphala milanA eka bAta hai aura karmaphala kA bhoganA-saMvedana karanA dUsarI bAta hai / karmaphala eka samAna milane para bhI usa phala kA bhoga (vedana) pRthak-pRthak rUpa se hotA hai| parivAra ke eka yuvaka ko kRSikarma kA phala to milA, kintu vaha duHsAdhya bImArI kA zikAra ho jAne se athavA kisI kAraNavaza kArAgAra meM baMda kiye jAne se usa phala kA upabhoga nahIM kara skaa| athavA akasmAt hArTa phela yA eksIDeMTa ho jAne se vaha yatheSTa phalabhoga nahIM kara skaa| isI dRSTi se AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- "eka samaya aisA AtA hai, jaba arthasaMgrahI manuSya ke zarIra meM (bhogaphala meM) aneka prakAra ke rogoM ke utpAta (upadrava) paidA ho jAte haiN| (usa samaya) vaha jinake sAtha rahatA hai, ve hI svajana ekadA ( rogagrasta hone para ) usakA tiraskAra evaM nindA karane lagate haiN| ( vaimanasya ho jAne se) bAda meM vaha bhI unakA tiraskAra evaM nindA karane lagatA hai|" Azaya yaha hai ki arthasaMgrahI mAnava ko arthasaMgraha kA phala to milA, lekina usa phala kA yatheSTa upabhoga vaha nahIM kara sakA / isalie vahA~ kahA gayA hai- 'duHkha aura sukha (rUpa phalabhoga) pratyeka AtmA kA apanA-apanA hai, yaha smjho|" usake duHkha meM na to usake jJAti(sva)jana hissA ba~TAte haiM, na mitragaNa, na putra aura na hI bandhu bAndhava / vaha apane duHkha ko svayaM hI bhogatA (anubhava karatA) hai| saca hai, karma kartA kA hI anugamana karate haiN|"" eka dUsare pahalU se bhI phalabhoga (vedana) meM pratyeka vyakti kI bhinnatA batAte hue kahA gayA hai-"viSayabhogoM meM Asakta manuSyoM ke pAsa kadAcit apane, dUsaroM ke yA donoM ke sammilita prayatna se alpa yA pracuramAtrA meM artha (dhana) sampadA ho jAtI hai| vaha phira 1. (ka) "tao se egayA roga samuppAyA samuppajjati / jehiM vA saddhiM saMvasati te vA NaMegayA NiyamA puvviM parivvayaMti, so vA te Niyage pacchA parivaejjA / " - AcArAMga zru.1 a. 2, u. 4 sU. 81 (kha) "jANittu dukkhaM patteyaM sAyaM / " (ga) na tassa dukkhaM vibhayaMti nAio, na mittavaggA na suyA na baMdhavA / ego sayaM paccaNuhoi dukkhaM, kattArameva aNujAI kammaM // - uttarAdhyayana 13 / 23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kyA karmaphala- bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 305 usa arthamAtrA meM Asakta hotA hai| upabhoga ke lie usakI rakSA karatA hai| upabhoga ke bAda bacI huI vipula sampatti ke kAraNa vaha mahAn vaibhavazAlI bana jAtA hai| kintu phira jIvana meM kabhI aisA samaya AtA hai ki dAyAda hissA baMTA lete haiM, cora use curA lete haiM, rAjA (zAsaka) use chIna lete haiN| yA vaha anya prakAra (durvyasanoM Adi meM yA mukaddame bAjI, AtaMkaprayoga Adi ) se naSTa-vinaSTa ho jAtI hai, athavA gRhadAha Adi se jalakara bhasma ho jAtI hai| " "isa prakAra ajJAnI mAnava dUsaroM ke lie krUrakarma karatA huA (duHkhada karmaphala pAtA hai, taba) duHkhodaya (duHkhada karmodaya) hone para vaha mUr3ha banakara viparyAsa bhAva ko prApta ho jAtA hai|""" Azaya yaha hai-karmaphala prApta hone para bhI vibhinna kAraNoM se vaha phalabhoga nahIM prApta kara paataa| pratyuta duHkharUpa vedana hI usake palle par3atA hai| prANI svakRta sukha-duHkha kA vedana karatA hai, parakRta kA nahIM " bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakSa jijJAsA prastuta kI gaI hai - prANI svakRta sukha-duHkha kA bhoga karate haiM yA parakRta sukha-duHkha kA ? isa para bha. mahAvIra ne samAdhAna kiyA- "prANI apane hI dvArA kRta sukha-duHkha kA bhoga karate haiN| " vastutaH sukha-duHkha kA upAdAna to vyakti hI hotA hai| sukhI yA duHkhI honA vyakti ke apane hAtha meM haiN| " "duHkha kisane kiyA ?" yaha pUchane para bha. mahAvIra ne yahI kahA-'duHkha AtmakRta hai, parakRta nhiiN|'' dUsarA vyakti sukha yA duHkha dene meM mAtra nimitta bana sakatA hai| jainakarmavijJAna kI mAnyatA hai ki vividha sukhada yA duHkhada phalabhogoM (anubhavoM kA saMvedana) kA mUla (upAdAna) kAraNa to vyakti ke apane hI pUrvakarma haiN| isa siddhAnta ko samajhane ke lie hameM upAdAna aura nimitta kAraNa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| kahA jAtA hai-amuka DaoNkTara ne amuka rogI ko rogamukta karake sukhI kara 11. "tiviheNa jAvi se tattha mattA bhavai, appA vA bahugA vA / se tattha gADhae ciTThati bhoyaNAe / tato se egayA vipparisiddhaM sabhUyaM mahovagaraNaM bhavati / taMpi se egayA dAyAdA vibhayaMti, adattahAro vA se avaharaMti, rAyANo vA se vilupati, Nassai vA se, viNassai vA se, aMgAradAheNa vA Dajjhai / iti se parassa aTThAe kUrAI kammAI bAle pakuvvamANe teNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuvei // " - AcArAMga zru. 1, a. 2, u. 4, sUtra 82 (ka) bhagavatI sUtra 1 / 2 / 64 - bhagavatI sUtra (kha) dukkhe keNa kaDe ? attakaDe dukkhe, no parakaDe / (ga) jaina-bauddha-gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 316 For Personal & Private Use Only

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306 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) diyA, amuka seTha ne use artha sahayoga dekara sukhI kara diyA athavA amuka vyakti ne usakI zikAyata karake use naukarI se mukta karAkara duHkhI kara diyaa| parantu ye saba nimitta haiN| nimitta ke hAtha meM sukha-duHkha dene kI koI zakti nahIM hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki vyakti ke upAdAna kAraNa kI dRSTi se sukhada duHkhada saMvedana (anubhava) svakRta hai, kintu nimitta kAraNa kI dRSTi se parakRta hai| ' AcArya kundakunda ne upAdAna kAraNa (nizcayanaya) kI dRSTi se kahA ki jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM jIvoM ko sukhI yA duHkhI karatA hU~, vaha mUr3ha yA ajJAnI hai| jJAnI kI dRSTi isase viparIta hai| maiM jIvoM ko sukhI yA duHkhI karatA hU~, yaha tumhArI mUr3ha mati hai| isase zubhAzubha karma kA bandha hotA hai / "2 12 dUsarA vyakti duHkha ke sAdhana juTAtA hai, athavA parISaha ke rUpa meM koI bhI duHkha A par3atA hai, usa samaya yadi vyakti apane upAdAna ko saMbhAla le, athavA mana meM vikSobha, caMcalatA, tanAva Adi na lAe, samabhAva meM sthira rahe to duHkha ke nimitta milane para bhI duHkha kA vedana nahIM hogaa| jisakA mana zAnta ho jAtA hai, samabhAva meM sthira ho jAtA hai, vaha duHkhada ghaTanA jAna lene para bhI duHkha kA vedana (anubhava) nahIM karatA / bahuta-se loga jo isa tathya ko nahIM samajhate haiM, akAraNa hI duHkhAnubhava karate rahate haiN| kaI loga to jarA-jarA-sI bAta para duHkha -saMvedana karane lagane haiN| nimittoM ko kosane lagate haiM-amuka ne mujhe duHkhI kara diyA / amuka vyakti aisA nahIM karatA to maiM duHkhI nahIM hotA / amuka vyakti : mujhe praNAma nahIM kiyA, amuka ne mujhe pUchA taka nahIM, amuka vyakti ne mujhe apazabda kahe, gAlI dI ityAdi saikar3oM bAteM nimittoM ko lekara duHkha - saMvedana karane kI hotI haiN| yogadarzana meM mana ke vikSepa ke sAthI batAe gae haiM - ( akAraNa) duHkha, daurmanasya, aMgakampana, zvAsa-prazvAsa meM vRddhi ityAdi / mana meM vikSepa, caMcalatA, vaimanasya, anamanA 1. 2. 3. 1 (ka) prekSAdhyAna maI 1991 ke aMka meM prakAzita " apane bhAgya kI Dora apane hAtha meM " lekha se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 7 (kha) jaina-bauddha-gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 318 "jo appaNA du maNNadi, dukkhida suhidaM karemi satteti / mUDho aNNANI, pANI etto du vivarIdo || esA dujA madIde dukkhida suhide karemi satte ti / esA de mUDhamadI suhAsuhaM baMdhade kammaM // - samayasAra gAthA 253,259. prekSAdhyAna maI 1991 ke aMka meM prakAzita 'apane bhAgya kI Dora apane hAtha meM' lekha se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 7-8 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kyA karmaphala- bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 307 pana, Adi saba duHkha ke nimitta haiN| jo vyakti mana ko zAnta, svastha evaM samatva meM sthita kara letA hai, apanI prajJA ko sthira kara letA hai, vaha to duHkhoM ke andhar3a Ane para bhI duHkhAnubhava nahIM krtaa| vaha yahI mAnatA hai ki sukha aura duHkha kA vedana svakRta hai, para-kRta nhiiN| eka AcArya ne to sSTa kaha diyA hai- sukha aura duHkha kA dAtA koI nahIM hai (svayaM hI hai); dUsarA vyakti yA Izvara sukha yA duHkha detA hai, yaha kubuddhi hai / duHkha aura sukha apane hI kRtakarma ke adhIna haiM / 2 anAthI muni apanI anAthatA kA paricaya dete hue magadha samrAT zreNika se kahate haiM-"merI A~khoM meM itanI bhayaMkara vedanA thI, mAno kruddhazatru tIkSNa zastra bhauMka rahA hai| vidyA, maMtravidyA tathA cikitsA meM pAraMgata mahAn AcAryoM ne merA sarvAMgINa dRSTi se upacAra kiyA, parantu ve mere duHkha ko miTAne meM asamartha rhe| mere pitAjI ne merI cikitsA ke lie sarvasva dhana luTA diyA, phira bhI ve mujhe duHkha se mukta na kara ske| putra ke zoka se duHkhArta merI mAtA bhI duHkha se chuTakArA na dilA skii| bar3e sahodara bhrAtAoM kAphI daur3a-dhUpa kI, phira bhI ve isa duHkha se merA piNDa na chur3A ske| merI choTI-bar3I sagI bahanoM ne bhI bahuta prayatna kiyA, kintu ve bhI mujhe duHkhamukta karane meM saphala na ho * skiiN| merI anuraktA evaM pativratA patnI merI isa pIr3A ke kAraNa aharniza A~sU bahAtI thI, usane merI isa pIr3A kI cintA se khAnA-pInA, nahAnA-dhonA, tathA zRMgAra karanA bhI chor3a diyaa| vaha mere pAsa pratikSaNa paricaryA meM juTI rahatI thI, phira bhI vaha mujhe isa duHkha se chuTakArA nahIM dilA skii| yahI merI anAthatA - azaraNatA hai|" vAstava meM, koI bhI dUsarA kitanA hI prayatna karale, jaba taka asAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya hai, taba taka duHkha miTanA duSkara hai| sukhada yA duHkhada karma phalabhoga meM sahabhAgI yA saMvibhAgI dUsarA koI nahIM bana sakatA / anAthI muni ke akSivedanAjanya duHkha ko . miTAne ke lie, unake duHkha meM sahabhAgI banane ke lie samagra parivAra ne er3I se coTI taka prayatna kara liyA, kintu vaha duHkha unase nahIM miTA, vaha tabhI miTA, jaba svayaM anAthI ne apane upAdAna ko saMbhAlA, azubha karmoM ke kSaya-kSayopazama ke lie athavA zubha meM parivartana karane ke lie svayaM ne saMkalpa kiyaa| ataH karmaphala kA saMvibhAga yA vinimaya kathamapi sambhava nahIM / nimitta bhI tabhI saphala ho sakatA hai, jaba vyakti kA upAdAna ThIka ho / 1. "duHkha daurmanasyAMgamejayatva- zvAsa-prazvAsAvikSeparusahabhuvaH" -yogadarzana pAda 1, sUtra 31 2. sukhasya duHkhasya na ko'pi dAtA, paro dadAtIti kubuddhireSA / ahaM karomIti vRthAbhimAnaH, svakarma sUtra - grathito hi lokaH // 3. (ka) dekheM - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 20gA. 20 se 30 taka (kha) vahI, a. 20 gA. 32-33 For Personal & Private Use Only

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308 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) gItA meM zrIkRSNa arjuna se kahate haiM-tU zoka na karane yogya vyaktiyoM ke lie zoka karatA hai, aura paNDitoM kI bhASA meM bolatA hai, parantu paNDitagaNa to saprANa aura niSprANa donoM ke lie zoka nahIM krte| ye saba loga to svayaM apanI mauta se marane vAle haiM, tU to sirpha nimitta hogaa|" ____ yahA~ prazna yaha uThatA hai, yadi manuSya dUsaroM kA ahita yA hita karane meM kevala nimitta banatA hai to vaha pApa-puNya kA bhAgI kyoM banatA hai ? jainakarmavijJAna marmajJoM ne isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai ki agara vyakti rAga-dveSarahita hokara parahita karane meM nimitta banatA hai, to vahA~ puNyabandha nahIM hogA, parantu cU~ki vyakti kA rAga-dveSa aura kaSAya chUTA nahIM hai, aura kucha nahIM to prazasta rAga bhI sUkSmarUpa se hai vahA~ taka vaha puNya karma kA bhAjana bana jaaegaa| ataH pApa-puNya kI kriyA dUsare ke ahita-hita para AdhArita na hokara manuSya ke azubha-zubha pariNAmoM para nirbhara hai| manuSya dUsaroM ke hita-ahita karane para nimmedAra isalie hai ki karma aura karmasaMkalpa usane kiyA hai| ataH nimitta kI apekSA karma aura karmasaMkalpa ke kAraNa sukha-duHkha yA hitAhita karane meM vyakti ko puNya-pApa kA bandha hotA hai| ataH sukha-duHkharUpa phalabhoga meM upAdAna to vyakti svayaM hI hotA hai| kintu nimitta dUsare ho sakate haiN| upAdAna aura saMvedana vyakti kA apanA-apanA pRthak-pRthak hotA hai, lekina nimitta anya vyakti, pudgala, gati, kSetra, Adi ho sakate haiN| dUsaroM ke prati vyakti kI jaisI dRSTi hotI hai, usI ke anusAra usako puNya yA pApa kA bandha hotA hai, aura usakA phala bhI bhoganA par3atA hai| isI dRSTi se jainakarma vijJAna ne karma-phala saMvibhAga yA vinimaya ko asvIkAra kiyA hai| kSapaka zreNI para ArUr3ha AtmA kA sAmarthya dhyAnAgni se itanA prakhara ho jAtA hai ki karmarUpI kASTha usameM jalakara bhasma ho jAte haiM, isIlie prazamarati meM AcArya umAsvAti ne kahA-"kSapakazreNI para ArUr3ha AtmA itanA samartha ho jAtA hai ki yadi dUsare jIvoM ke karmoM kA usameM saMkramaNa ho sakatA ho to vaha akelA hI samasta jIvoM ke karmoM ko kSaya karane meM samartha hai|''3 kintu karma kA niyama hI aisA hai ki eka jIva ke karma dUsare meM saMkramita nahIM ho skte| jo karma bA~dhatA hai, vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai| yadi aisA na ho to karma siddhAnta meM gar3abar3a ho jAegI, dravya kI svataMtratA hI lupta ho jaaegii|" -gItA.2/11 -vahI. 1. azocyAnanvazocastvaM prajJAvAdAMzca bhaassse| gatAsUnagatAra'zca nAnuzocanti pnndditaaH|| ..............nimittamAtraM bhava svysaacin| 2. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 194 3. kSapaka zreNimuparigataH sa samarthaH sarvakarmiNAM krm| kSapayitumeko yadi karmasaMkramaH syAt prkRtsy|| -prazamarati For Personal & Private Use Only

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kyA karmaphala- bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 309 vaidika dharma paramparA ke mUrdhanya grantha mahAbhArata meM karmaphala saMvibhAga kI bAta ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki saMtAna ke dvArA karuNAdi kRtyoM kA prabhAva pUrvajoM para par3atA hai| itanA hI nahIM, pUrvajoM ke zubhAzubha kRtyoM kA phala bhI saMtAna ko milatA hai| vahA~ yudhiSThira' se bhISma kahate haiM- "rAjan ! cAhe kisI vyakti ko usake kRta pApa karmoM kA phala usa samaya milatA huA na dikhAI de, kintu vaha (bhaviSya meM) use hI nahIM, putroM tathA pautra-prapautroM taka ko bhoganA par3atA hai|" gItArahasya meM isI sandarbha meM mahAbhArata aura manusmRti kA havAlA dete hue kahA gayA hai - kevala hameM hI nahIM, hamAre nAmarUpAtmaka deha se utpanna putroM, prapautroM taka ko karmaphala bhogane par3ate haiN| gItA ke prathama adhyAya meM arjuna ne vaidika paramparA kI dRSTi se zaMkA prastuta kI hai - kula kA nAza hone se kuladharma naSTa ho jAegA, kulanAriyA~ dUSita ho jAe~gI, unase varNasaMkara santAna paidA hogii| varNasaMkara saMtAna hone se kuladharma se sambandhita pitaroM ko piNDadAna evaM jalAMjali dene kI kriyA lupta ho jAegI, isase pitaroM kA bhI patana hogA / " isakA phalitArtha hai ki santAna Adi ke dvArA kiye gae zubhAzubha kRtyoM kA prabhAva pitaroM para par3atA hai| ataH vaidika dharma paramparA meM zubhAzubha karmoM ke phala kA saMvibhAga svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| bauddha dharma paramparA ne zubha karma phala ke saMvibhAga kI puSTi kI hai| bauddha dharma-darzana meM kahA gayA hai--"bodhisattva sadaiva yahI zubhakAmanA karate haiM ki hamAre kuzala karmoM kA `phala vizva ke samasta jIvoM ko mile|" isase spaSTa hai - bauddhadharma kevala zubha karmoM ke saMvibhAga ko mAnatA hai| bauddhadarzana kA sAmAnya niyama to yahI hai- jo vyakti karma karatA hai, vahI usakA phala (santAna pravAha kI apekSA se) bhogatA hai| bauddhoM ke pAlinikAya grantha meM puNya kA pattidAna batAyA gayA hai| bauddhadharma vaidika paramparAnusAra pretayoni meM vizvAsa karatA hai| usakA mAnanA hai ki preta ke nimitta se jo dAna-puNya kiyA jAtA hai, usakA phala preta ko milatA hai| usakA yaha bhI mantavya hai ki yadi koI prANI mara kara paradattopajIvI pretayoni meM janma letA hai, taba to usake nimitta yahA~ kiyA jAne vAle puNya karma kA phala use milatA hai, lekina jo prANI marakara manuSya, deva yA tiryaJcayoni meM utpanna hotA hai, to puNyakarmaphala usake kartA ko hI milatA hai; manuSya, deva yA tiryaJca ko nahIM / 3 1. (ka) mahAbhArata zAntiparva 129 (kha) manusmRti 4 / 173 (ga) mahAbhArata Adiparva 80/3 (gha) gItArahasya (lokamAnya tilaka) se pR. 268 gItA 1/40 se 43taka 3. (ka) bauddha dharma darzana ( AcArya narendradeva ) pR. 277 (kha) 'jaina-bauddha-gItA ke AcAra darzana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) se sArAMza grahaNa, pR. 316-317 For Personal & Private Use Only

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310 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) niSkarSa yaha hai-vaidika dharma paramparA meM puNya-pApa donoM karmoM kA phala-saMvibhAga mAnA gayA hai, jabaki bauddha dharma paramparA meM kuzala karma ke phala kA saMvibhAga hI mAnA gayA hai; akuzala (pApa) karma ke phala kA saMvibhAga nhiiN| milinda prazna meM akuzala karmaphala ko do kAraNoM se saMvibhAga ke ayogya mAnA hai-(1) pApa karma ke phala pAne meM preta kI. anumati nahIM hai, ataH usakA phala preta ko nahIM mila sktaa| (2) akuzala karma parimita hotA hai ataH usakA saMvibhAga nahIM ho sakatA, jabaki kuzala karma pracura hotA hai isa kAraNa usakA saMvibhAga sambhava hai|' / kintu gaharAI se soceM to yaha tarka nirAdhAra hai| yadi anumati ke abhAva meM akuzala karma kA phala prApta nahIM ho sakatA to phira kuzala karma kA phala kaise prApta ho jAtA hai ? isa kathana ke pIche kyA pramANa hai ki kuzala aparimita hai aura akuzala parimita hai ? parimita kA phalabhoga kyoM nahIM ho sakatA? vastutaH karmaphala-saMvibhAga kI mAnyatA vyAvahArika jagat meM pracalita hai| vartamAna . vaijJAnika yuga meM kisI bhI nAgarika ke zubhAzubha kRtyoM se samagra samAja, rASTra evaM parivAra tathA bhAvI pIr3hI bhI prabhAvita hotI hai| eka vyakti kI galata nIti kA duSphala mAre rASTra, samAja aura parivAra ko bhI bhoganA par3atA hai| vyavahAra-buddhi karmaphalasaMvibhAga se avazya santuSTa hotI hai, kintu karmasiddhAnta kI taha meM jAne para upAdAna kAraNa kI dRSTi se eka vyakti ke kiye gae zubhAzubha karmaphala dUsare ko mileM, yaha asaMgata lagatA hai| nimitta kAraNa kI apekSA karmaphala saMvibhAga-vyavahAra meM svIkArya hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmaphala kA saMvedana vyakti kA apanA-apanA hai, upAdAna bhI apanA-apanA pRthak-pRthaka hai| isa dRSTi se jainakarmavijJAna karmaphala meM saMvibhAga aura vinimaya donoM ko hI asvIkAra karatA hai| yadi karmaphala kA vinimaya yA saMvibhAga ho sakatA hotA to eka vyakti kA duHkha dUsarA bhoga letA, athavA pitA apanA sukha putra yA putrI ko de detA; parantu aisA honA sambhava nahIM hai| pratyeka prANI apane sukha-duHkha ke lie svayaM jimmevAra hai| 1. (ka) vahI, pR. 317 (kha) milindaprazna 4/8/30-35 pR. 288 (ga) AtmamImAMsA (DaoN. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA) pR. 132-133 (gha) gItArahasya pR. 268 2. jaina-bauddha-gItA ke AcAra darzana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) se sArAMza grahaNa pR. 317-318 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kyA karmaphala-bhoga meM vinimaya yA saMvibhAga hai ? 311 eka AcArya ne ThIka hI kahA hai-"yaha sadaiva sarvamAnya nizcita tathya hai ki sabhI prANI apane-apane kRtakarmoM ke udaya se jIvana, maraNa, duHkha yA sukha pAte haiN| yaha ajJAnatA hai ki dUsarA vyakti dUsare ko jilA sakatA hai, mAra sakatA hai yA sukhI-duHkhI kara sakatA hai|" eka ke karma ko dUsarA nahIM bhoga sakatA, duHkha ko bhI bA~Ta nahIM sakatA . sUtrakRtaMga sUtra ke pauNDarIka adhyayana meM isa tathya kA vizeSa rUpa se vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai-"(ukta zAstrajJa) buddhimAna sAdhaka ko svayaM pahale se hI samyak prakAra se jAna lenA cAhie ki isa loka meM mujhe kisI prakAra kA koI duHkha yA roga-AtaMka, (jo ki mere lie aniSTa, apriya, yAvat duHkhadAyaka hai) paidA hone para maiM apane jJAtijanoM se prArthanA karU~ ki-'he bhaya kA anta karane vAle jJAtijano! mere isa aniSTa, apriya yAvat kaSTarUpa yA asukha rUpa duHkha yA rogAtaMka ko Apa loga barAbara bAMTa leM, tAki maiM isa duHkha se duHkhita, cintita, yAvat atisantapta na houu| Apa saba mujhe isa aniSTa yAvat utpIr3aka duHkha yA rogAtaMka se mukta karA (chuTakArA dilA) deN|' isa para ve jJAtijana mere duHkha evaM rogAtaMka ko bA~Ta kara le leM yA mujhe usa duHkha yA rogAtaMka se mukta karA deM, aisA kadApi nahIM hotaa|" ... athavA bhaya se merI rakSA karane vAle una mere jJAtijanoM ko hI koI duHkha yA roga utpanna ho jAe, jo aniSTa yAvat asukhakara ho, to maiM una bhayatrAtA jJAtijanoM ke aniSTa apriya yAvat asukharUpa usa duHkha rogAtaMka ko bAMTa kara le laM, tAki ve mere jJAtijana duHkhita na hoM, yAvat ve atisaMtapta na hoM, tathA maiM una jJAtijanoM ko unake kisI aniSTa yAvat asukharUpa duHkha yA rogAtaMka se mukta kara dUM, aisA bhI kadApi nahIM ho sktaa| (kyoMki) dUsare ke duHkha ko dUsarA vyakti bAMTa kara nahIM le sktaa| dUsare ke dvArA kRtaM karma kA phala dUsarA nahIM bhoga sktaa| pratyeka prANI akelA hI janmatA hai, AyuSya .. kSaya hone para akelA hI maratA hai| pratyeka vyakti akelA hI (dhana-dhAnya, hiraNya-suvarNAdi / parigraha, zabdAdi viSayoM tathA mAtA-pitA Adi ke) saMyogoM kA tyAga karatA hai| pratyeka vyakti akelA hI ina vastuoM kA upabhoga yA svIkAra karatA hai| pratyeka vyakti akelA hI jhaMjhA (kalaha) Adi kaSAyoM kA grahaNa karatA hai, akelA hI padArthoM kA saMjJAna (parijJAna) 1. "sarva sadaiva niyataM bhavati svakIya-karmodayAt mrnn-jiivit-duHkh-saukhym| ____ ajJAnametadiha yattu paraM parasya, kuryAt pumAn mrnn-jiivit-duHkh-saukhym|| For Personal & Private Use Only

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312. karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karatA hai, tathA pratyeka vyakti akelA hI manana-cintana karatA hai| pratyeka vyakti akelA hI vidvAna hotA hai, (eka ke badale meM dUsarA koI vidvAna nahIM banatA ); pratyeka vyakti apane-apane sukha-duHkha kA vedana karatA hai| ataH pUrvokta prakAra se anyakRta karma kA phala anya nahIM bhogatA, tathA pratyeka vyakti ke janma maraNAdi bhinna-bhinna haiM, isa siddhAnta ke anusAra jJAtijanoM kA saMyoga duHkha se rakSA karane yA pIr3ita manuSya ko zAnti yA zaraNa dene meM samartha nahIM hai| kabhI krodhAdivaza yA maraNakAla meM, manuSya svayaM jJAtijanoM ke saMyoga ko pahale se chor3a detA hai| athavA kabhI jJAti saMyoga bhI ( manuSya ke durvyavahAra- durAcaraNAdi dekhakara) manuSya ko pahale hI chor3a detA hai / "" 9. "evAmeva No laddhapuvvaM evameva No ddhapu " aNNassa dukkha aNNo no pariyAiyati; antreNa kaDaM kammaM, anno no paDisaMvedeti; patteyaM jAyati puriso vA egatA puvviM NAtisaMyoge vippajahati, nAtisaMyogA vA egatA puvviM purisaM vippajahaMti // 674 - sUtrakRtAMga zru.2, a.1, sU. 672,673,674 " se mehAvI puvvAmeva appaNA evaM samabhijANejjAM bhavati // 672 // "tesiM vA bhayaMtArANaM maya NAyayaNaM aNNayare dukkhe rogAyaMke bhavati // 673 // " For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM? jaisA karma : vaisA hI phala milegA? ____ bhArata ke janajIvana meM, yahA~ taka ki janatA kI raga-raga meM karma-zabda ramA huA hai| jhauMpar3I se lekara mahaloM taka vyakti-vyakti kI jabAna para yaha vAkya car3hA huA hai ki 'jaisA karma karoge, vaisA hI phala milegaa'| nIma kA bIja booge to Ama kA phala kaise milegA? jaisA booge vaisA hI kAToge? jaisI karaNI, vaisI bhrnnii| eka vyakti chipakara ekAnta sthAna meM a~dhere meM bhI pApakarma karegA, usakA bhI phala use mile binA nahIM rhegaa| eka vyakti prakaTa rUpa meM to bahuta hI bhalA, bhadra aura milanasAra tathA madhurabhASI mAlUma hotA hai, parantu pracchannarUpa se vaha mana hI mana dUsaroM kA zoSaNa karane kA plAna banAtA hai, vikreya vastuoM meM milAvaTa karatA hai, taula-nApa meM gar3abar3a karatA hai, eka vastu dikhAkara dUsarI vastu detA hai, dUsaroM kI rakhI huI amAnata yA dharohara ko hajama kara jAtA hai, jhUThe dastAveja banAtA hai, jhUThI sAkSI dilAtA-detA hai, mithyA-doSAropaNa karake dUsare ko phaMsA detA hai aura usase rupaye aiMTha letA hai| kyA use apane ina kutsita karmoM kA phala nahIM milegA? bhale hI aisA vyakti bhagavAn kI yA devI-devoM kI bhakti evaM manautI karatA ho, prabhu kI stuti, prArthanA yA stotra pATha athavA bhajana karatA ho, ghaMToM maMdira meM baiThakara bhagavatbhajana, pUjana-arcana karatA ho, parantu isa prakAra kI pUjA-patrI mAtra se pUrvokta kutsita karmoM kA phala miTa nahIM jaaegaa|' pazcAttApa-prAyazcittAdi se kRtapApa-karmaphala se bacAva yadi vyakti apane dvArA kRta azubha karmoM kI zuddha hRdaya se AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA kare, prAyazcitta grahaNa kare tathA bhaviSya meM vaisA kukarma na karane kA saMkalpa (niyama) le, jisake sAtha usane aisA duSkarmayukta vyavahAra kiyA ho, usase 1. akhaNDajyoti 1978 julAI (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) ke aMka se pR. 37 For Personal & Private Use Only

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314 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vinayapUrvaka kSamA yAcanA kare tathA yathAsambhava kSatipUrti kare to bahuta kucha aMzoM meM vyakti ukta kRta pApakarma ke phala se baca sakatA hai| zubha yA azubha karma kA phala avazya hI milatA hai| bhArata ke jitane bhI Astika darzana haiM, ve saba eka svara se svIkAra karate haiM"kRta karmoM kA phala bhoge binA koI chuTakArA nahIM / " kRtakarmoM kA phala dera-sabera avazya hI milatA hai| harivaMza purANa meM bhI kahA hai-"kiye hue zubhAzubha karmoM kA phala avazyameva bhoganA par3atA hai| saikar3oM koTikalpoM meM binA bhoga karma kA kSaya nahIM hotaa|" mahAbhArata meM bhI isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai - he sajjana! yadi manuSya zubha yA azubha jo bhI karma karatA hai, niHsandeha koI saMzaya nahIM hai ki vaha usakA phala avazya hI prApta karatA hai / " brahmapurANa bhI isI tathya kA sAkSI hai- "he brAhmaNo ! usa varSa meM manuSya ne dharma (puNya) yA pApa jo bhI kiyA hai, usakA zubha yA azubha phala avazya hI prApta karatA hai / " dakSasmRti bhI isI kA samarthana karatI hai- "jo dUsare ke lie sukha yA duHkha utpanna karatA hai, vaha sukha yA duHkha usake jIvana meM bAda meM utpanna hotA hI hai / " vedanA aura nirjarA kA astitva sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM katipaya nAstika dArzanikoM kI mAnyatA dekara usakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| vaise dArzanika vedanA aura nirjarA ke astitva ko nahIM maante| karma kA phala bhoganA 'vedanA' hai aura karmoM kA AtmapradezoM se AMzikarUpa se alaga ho jAnA - jhar3a jAnA 'nirjarA' hai| ina donoM ke astitva ko cunautI dene vAle dArzanikoM kA tarka hai ki " - ajJAnI puruSa jina karmoM kA aneka koTi varSoM meM kSaya karatA hai, triguptisampanna jJAnI puruSa unheM eka ucchvAsa mAtra meM kSaya kara DAlatA hai"; isa siddhAnta ke anusAra saiMkar3oM palyopama evaM sAgaropama kAla meM bhogane yogya karmoM kA bhI kSaya (binA 9. - uttarAdhyayana 4 / 3 ka "kaDANa kammANa na mokkha atthi / ' (kha) avazyameva labhate phalaM pApasya karmaNaH / - mahAbhArata vanaparva a. 208 (ga) nAbhuktaM kSIyate karma kalpakoTizatairapi / avazyameva bhoktavyaM kRtaM karma shubhaashubhm|| - harivaMza purANa uddhRta abhi. 25 tatsabhApnoti puruSe nA'tra saMzayaH / / (gha) yatkarotyazubhakarma zubhaM vA yadi sattama! avazyaM - mahAbhArata vanaparva a. 208 (Ga) tasminavarSe naraH pApaM kRtvA dharmaM ca bho dvijAH ! avazyaM phalamApnoti azubhasya zubhasya ca // (ca) sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM yatkiJcit kriyate pareH / tatastattu punaH pazcAdAtmani jAyate // - brahmapurANa - dakSasmRti 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? bhoge hI) antarmuhUrtta meM ho jAtA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki kramazaH baddha karmoM kA kramazaH vedana (phalabhoga) nahIM hotA, ataH 'vedanA' nAma kA koI tattva mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? isa prakAra 'vedanA' kA abhAva siddha hone para 'nirjarA' kA abhAva to svataH siddha ho jAtA hai| kintu anekAntavAdI jaina darzana aisA nahIM maantaa| usakA kahanA hai ki tapazcaryA aura pradezAnubhava ke dvArA katipaya karmoM kA hI kSapaNa (nirjarA) hotA hai, samasta karmoM kA nhiiN| unheM to udIraNA aura udaya ke dvArA karma ko phalonmukha karake bhoganA (vedanaanubhava karanA) hotA hai| Agama meM bhI kahA hai- pahale apane dvArA kRta (Acarita) duSkarmoM tathA duSpratIkArya karmoM (pApakarmoM) kA vedana (phalabhoga) karake hI mokSa hotA hai, binA bhoge nahIM / " isa prakAra vedanA (karmaphala bhoga) kA astitva siddha hone para nirjarA kA astitva to svataH siddha ho jAtA hai / " isa spaSTIkaraNa se una logoM ke vicAra kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai, jo yaha socakara niHzaMka hokara pApakarma karate rahate haiM ki vedanA (karmaphala bhoga) kA astitva nahIM hai, na hI karma phaladAtA koI Izvara najara AtA hai, karma apanA phala svayaM nahIM de sakate; isalie hameM karmaphala bhoganA nahIM pdd'egaa| unheM cetAvanI dete hue mahAbhAratakAra kahate haiM-" he bhAI! isameM koI saMzaya nahIM hai ki pApakarma kA phala samaya Ane (kAla paka jAne) para kartA avazyameva pAtA hai|" vAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM bhI kahA gayA hai- "he bhadre ! karttA jo bhI zubha yA azubha AcaraNa karatA hai, usa karma kA phala usI ke anurUpa prApta karatA hai|" mahAbhArata anuzAsanaparva meM isa sambandha meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai- "jaise puSpa aura phala binA hI kisI preraNA se apane-apane samaya para puSpita-phalita ho jAte haiM, usa kAla kA ve atikramaNa nahIM karate, vaise hI pUrvakRta karma bhI kisI kI preraNA ke binA (phala dene meM) apane samaya kA atikramaNa nahIM krte| ve samaya para phala avazya dete haiN| " hajAroM gAyoM ke jhuMDa meM bachar3A jaise apanI mAM ko (jAna) pahacAna letA hai; vaise hI pUrvakRta karma bhI kartA kA svayaM anugamana karate haiN|"2 1. (ka) dekheM - Natthi veyaNA nijjarA vA, NevaM saNNaM nivesa | atha veNA nijjarAvA, evaM saNNaM nivesae / " -sUtra kRtAMga zru. 2 a. 5 kA anuvAda aura vivecana, pR. 153, 157 315 (kha) je annANI kammaM khavei, bahuyAhiM vAsakoDIhiM / taM NANI tihiM gutto, khavei UsAsamitteNaM // (ga) "puvviM duciNNANaM duppaDikkaMtANaM veittA mokkho, Natthi aveittA / " 2. (ka) avazyameva labhate phalaM pApasya krmnnH| bhartaH ! paryAgate kAle kartA nAstyatra saMzayaH // " ( A. pra. samiti, byAvara ) - sUtrakRtAMga zIlAMka vRtti patra 377 se 379 taka - mahAbhArata vanaparva a. 208 For Personal & Private Use Only

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316 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki svakRta karmoM kA phala mAne binA jagat kI vibhinnatA aura vicitratA siddha nahIM ho sktii| karmoM ke phalabhoga kI vibhinnatA ke kAraNa hI prANivarga vibhinna avasthAoM ko prApta karate haiM / sUtrakRtAMga TIkA meM kahA gayA hai - "jisa prakAra vRkSoM kA mUla sIMcane para unakI zAkhAoM meM phala lagate haiM, usI prakAra isa janma meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala bhoga AgAmI janma meM hotA hai| isI prakAra anya janma meM jo zubha yA azubha karma saMcita kiyA hai, usa sva-svakRta karma ke pariNAma (phala) ko sura yA asura koI bhI anyathA nahIM kara sktaa|" ataH ihajanmakRta karma kA phala agale janma meM tathA pUrvajanma meM kRtakarma kA phala isa janma meM avazya hI vaha jIva bhogatA hai, jisane karma kiyA hai| ataH karma yathAsamaya phala dete hI haiN| " itane saba vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki manuSya cAhe ekAnta meM chipakara bhI pApakarma kare, athavA prakaTa meM khullamakhullA pApakarma kA AcaraNa kare, donoM hI sthitiyoM meM karma TeparikArDara ke keseTa meM aMkita vaktA kI vANI kI taraha kArmaNazarIra meM aMkita ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra usa Tepa ko vyakti jaba bhI bajAegA, punaH punaH vahI vANI abhivyakta hotI hai, usI prakAra kArmaNazarIra dvArA pUrvakRtakarmazarIra dvArA pUrvakRta karmaphalarUpa meM punaH punaH Ate rahate haiN| yaha satya hai ki karma aura usake phala kA sambandha kAraNa-kAryavat hai| kAraNa upasthita ho to kArya avazya hI upasthita hotA hai| jahA~ prakAza yA tApa kA anubhava hotA hai, vahA~ usake kAraNarUpa sUrya, agni yA bijalI kA astitva avazya hI mAnA jAtA hai| jahA~ jIva dvArA sukharUpa yA duHkharUpa phala bhoga kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ usakI pRSThabhUmi meM avazya hI pUrvakRta karma hotA hai / parantu adhikAMza prANI sukhopabhoga ke liye to lAlAyita rahate haiM, parantu duHkharUpa phalopabhoga ke lie virale hI tatpara rahate haiM / parantu (kha) yadAcarati kalyANi ! zubhaM vA yadi vA'zubham / tadeva labhate bhadre ! kartA karmajamAtmanaH // (ga) acodyamAnAni yadA puSpANi ca phalAni c| tatkAlaM nAtivartante tathA karma purAkRtam // (gha) yathA dhenusahasreSu vatso vindati mAtaram / evaM pUrvakRtaM karma kartAramanugacchati // 1. yadi kriyate karma tatparatropabhujyate / mUlasikteSu vRkSeSu phalaM, zAkhAsu jAyate // - vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ayo. sa. 63 - mahAbhArata anu. a. 7/22-24 yadupAttamanyajanmani zubhAzubhaM vA svakarmapariNatyA tacchakyamanyathA no kartuM devAsurairapi // - sUtrakRtAMga zIlAMka vRtti patra 289 meM uddhRta -mahAbhArata For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 317 unake cAhane-na cAhane se karmaphala sahaja hI Tala nahIM sktaa| sabhI karmaphala kRtakarmAnusAra hI hote haiN| azubha karmabIja ke phala bhI tadanusAra azubha hI hoNge| cAhe vyakti bAhara se kitanA hI bhalA, zarIpha evaM saphedapoza banA phire, logoM para apane dharmAtmApana kI chApa lagAne ke lie vaha kitane hI lambe caur3e lacchedAra bhASaNa jhAr3a de, adhyAtma aura vairAga ke pravacanoM kI jhar3iyA~ barasA de, parantu antara meM dambha, mAyA, kapaTa, pApakarma se liptatA aura ThagI hogI to vyakti ko usake una pApa karmoM kA phala janma-jarA-mRtyurUpa duHkhoM ke rUpa meM avazya hI bhoganA par3atA hai|' karma ke phala se bacane yA usakA rUpAntara karane kA niyama yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki una pApakarmoM ke udaya meM Ane se pahale hI vyakti saMcita azubha karmoM ko AlocanA Atma-nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA (gurujanoM kI sAkSI meM prakaTIkaraNa) prAyazcitta, tapa evaM pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) dvArA una pApa karmoM kA phala bhoga karake zuddhIkaraNa kara le, pApakarmoM ko puNyakarmoM meM badala de| parantu nikAcita rUpa se baddha karmoM kA phala to usI rUpa meM bhoganA par3atA hai| usake phalabhoga meM koI parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| isalie sarvasAmAnya siddhAnta yaha hai ki koI bhI kartA na to karma ke phaloM se baca sakatA hai aura na hI kisI sthiti meM phala karmAnusAra hone se baca sakatA hai| karmaphala ke niyama kA hArda yahI hai ki koI bhI kRtakarma niSphala nahIM jAtA aura koI bhI pariNAma (kArya) kAraNa ke binA utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| acche paripAka kI icchA karane vAlA acche karma nahIM karatA to vaha vaisA pariNAma bhI nahIM pA sktaa| tatkAlaphalavAdiyoM kA kutarka parantu karma aura karmaphala ke isa kArya-kAraNa sambandha siddhAnta para bahuta-se buddhivAdI athavA cArvAka darzana ke samarthaka loga uMgalI uThAte haiM ki yadi aisA hai to saMsAra meM bahuta-se vartamAna meM pApakarma-parAyaNa vyakti sukha bhogate aura puNyakarma-parAyaNa athavA ahiMsAdi dharmAcaraNarata loga duHkha bhogate dikhAI dete haiN| kArya aura kAraNa-karma aura usakA pratiphala yadi paraspara jur3e haiM to bure logoM kA sukhI honA aura bhale logoM kA duHkhI honA, pUrvokta siddhAnta sammata kaise samajhA jAe? acche karmoM kA tatkAla acchA phala aura bure karmoM kA tatkAla burA phala milanA cAhie na? ___tatkAlaphalavAdI nAstika athavA tatkAla phala na milane para satkarma se vimukha aura asatkarma meM DUbate hue adhikAMza vyakti karmavijJAna athavA karma ke astitva para 1. dekheM harivaMzapurANa (ugra. abhi. 25) meM___ iha vA pretya vA rAjaMstvayA prAptaM yathA tthaa| . Atmanaiva kRtaM karma hyaatmnaivopbhujyte|| . For Personal & Private Use Only

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318 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AsthAhIna ho gae haiM, hote jA rahe haiN| isa viSaya meM hama aneka pUrvapakSa aura uttarapakSa prastuta karake kaI karmoM kA phala tatkAla na milane ke viSaya meM vistAra se zaMkA-samAdhAna karmavijJAna ke prathama khaNDa meM 'karma ke astitva ke prati anAsthA anucita' nAmaka nibandha meM pratipAdita kara Ae haiN| karma abhI aura phala abhI nahIM : karmavijJAna para AkSepa kintu AcArya rajanIza jaise kucha buddhivAdI usa viSaya meM diye gae samAdhAna ko nahIM maante| unakA kevala eka hI tarka hai ki . . ."kArya-kAraNa ke bIca antarAla nahIM hotA, antarAla ho hI nahIM sktaa| agara antarAla A jAe to kArya-kAraNa vicchinna ho jAe~ge, unakA sambandha TUTa jaaegaa| . . . kahA gayA ki isa janma ke puNya kA phala agale janma meM milegA, yadi duHkha hai to isakA kAraNa pichale janma meM kiyA gayA koI pApa hogaa| aisI bAtoM kA citta para gaharA prabhAva nahIM pdd'taa|...aglaa janma aMdhere meM kho jAtA hai| agale janma kA kyA bharosA ? pahale to yahI pakkA nahIM ki agalA janma hogA yA nahIM? phira yaha bhI pakkA nahIM ki jo karma abhI phala de sakane meM asamartha hai, vaha agale janma meM phala degA hii| agara eka janma taka kucha kamoM ke phala roke jA sakate haiM, to aneka janmoM taka kyoM nahIM?...agara koI AdamI sukha bhoga rahA ho to apane pichale acche karmoM ke kAraNa, lekina isa samasyA ko sulajhAne ke dUsare upAya bhI the aura asala meM dUsare upAya hI saca haiN|" karma ke kArya-kAraNa-siddhAnta ke viSaya meM kutarka aura samAdhAna yaha satya hai ki bhautika vijJAna kArya-kAraNa-siddhAnta para khar3A hai| agara kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta ko haTA do to bhautika vijJAna kA sArA bhavana dharAzAyI ho jaaegaa| cArvAka aura hyUma ke siddhAnta kA karmavijJAna dvArA nirAkaraNa / bhAratavarSa meM cArvAka ne isa kArya-kAraNa-siddhAnta ko nahIM maanaa| isI prakAra iMglaiNDa meM 'hyUma' nAmaka dArzanika ne bhI isa siddhAnta ko galata siddha karanA caahaa| parantu donoM hI bhautika vijJAna aura karmavijJAna ke kArya-kAraNa-siddhAnta ko asatya siddha na kara ske| agara isa vivAda meM cArvAka jIta jAtA to dharma evaM karma kA astitva bhArata se uTha jAtA aura yadi rAma vijayI ho jAtA to bhautika vijJAna meM kArya-kAraNa-siddhAnta kA janma nahIM hotaa| 1. dekheM-jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita AcArya rajanIza kA lekha-'karma aura kArya-kAraNa sambandha' pR. 273 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 319 cArvAka ne karma siddhAnta ko hI nahIM mAnA to kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta ko mAnane kA savAla hI nahIM utthtaa| usane pratipAdita kiyA ki "manacAhA khAo, pIo aura mauja karo, paraloka, paramAtmA, svarga-naraka Adi kucha nahIM hai| tuma hI pratyakSa dekha lo na, jo bure karma kara rahA hai, vaha acchA phala bhoga rahA hai|' aura jo acche karma kara rahA hai, vaha duHkha pA rahA hai, abhAva-pIr3ita ho rahA hai| cora caina kI vaMzI bajA rahA hai aura ImAnadAra, sAhUkAra yA sajjana puruSa duHkha kI rAteM kATa rahA hai|'' parantu jaina karmavijJAna ne ina donoM kA nirAkaraNa karake kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta kI vedI para karma aura karmaphala ke paraspara sambandha ko akATya aura cirantana siddhAnta ghoSita kiyA hai| parantu jaisA ki tatkAlaphalavAdI kahate haiM-'idhara karma kiyA, udhara usakA phala milA'; isa ekAnta mAnyatA ko jainakarma-vijJAna isa rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM krtaa| jainakarmavijJAna kriyA kA phala to tatkAla mAnatA hai, kintu ....... jaina karmavijJAna isa rUpa meM tatkAlaphalavAdI siddhAnta ko avazya mAnatA hai ki jIva jaba bhI koI kriyA yA pravRtti karatA hai, tatkAla yA to Asava ke rUpa meM karma kA arjana ho jAtA hai, yA phira karma ke sAtha rAgadveSAdi hoM to tatkAla bandha ke rUpa meM karma kA arjana ho jAtA hai| pratyeka kriyA yA pravRtti kA phala karma kA arjana karanA hai| ___kriyAe karma' yaha siddhAnta sUtra batAtA hai, jisa kSaNa koI pravRtti yA kriyA hotI hai, usI kSaNa usa kA phala prApta ho jAtA hai-karmAnava ke rUpa meM yA karmabandha ke rUpa meM; kyoMki pratyeka kriyA pariNAma ko sAtha meM lekara calatI hai| kriyA abhI kareM aura usakA pariNAma-phala bAda meM mile, aisA nahIM hotaa| vaha tatkAla milatA hai| Apa kriyA kareM abhI aura pariNAma mile-chaha mahIne yA varSa do varSa bAda athavA sau varSa yA hajAra varSa bAda, aisA nahIM hotaa| kriyA aura phala meM antarAla itanA nahIM ho sktaa| hAM, ye do kAla avazya mAne jAte haiM-eka hai kriyA kA kAla dUsarA hai-karmAnava yA karmabandha kA kaal| parantu ye kAla itane sUkSma haiM ki sirpha eka do samaya kA hI antarAla rahatA hai| karmabandha yA karmArjana to tatkAla; kintu phalabhoga prAyaH tatkAla nahIM ___ Azaya yaha hai ki karma kA bandha athavA karma-paramANuoM kA arjana tatkAla ho jAtA hai, kriyA hone ke sAtha hii| aisA kadApi nahIM hotA ki kriyA yA pravRtti abhI ho rahI hai aura karmAnava yA karmabandhA dasa-bIsa varSa bAda ho| 1. vahI, pR. 274 2. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 43 For Personal & Private Use Only

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320 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karma kA phalabhoga tatkAla nahIM; kyoM aura kaise? ____ parantu isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki usa karma kA phalabhoga bhI tatkAla ho jAtA hai| kisI bhI kriyA kA pariNAma tatkAla milane para bhI usakA upabhoga lambe samaya taka, athavA kabhI-kabhI kaI mahIne, varSa, yA yugoM meM jAkara hotA hai| arthAt-karma ke arjana kA kAla kSaNabhara kA hotA hai, kintu usa arjita, saMcita yA saMgRhIta karma kA phalabhoga ekAntataH usI samaya nahIM hotaa| adhikAMza arjita evaM baddha karma usI samaya phala dene meM samartha nahIM hote| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to-ve saMcita karma yA karmaparamANu, jisa kSaNa meM saMcita hote haiM yA baddha hote haiM, athavA AmravarUpa meM Ate haiM, usI kSaNa ve prAyaH phalabhoga nahIM karA skte| karmoM kA arjana, kriyA, pravRtti athavA Asava kA mukhya phala hotA hai vaha to pravRtti kAla meM hI prApta ho jAtA hai| arjita karmapudgala kaba taka sAtha raheMge, kaba ve sakriya hoMge? kaba taka sakriya hokara phalabhoga karAte raheMge? isakA niyama karma ke arjana ke niyama se bhinna hai|' AkSepa aura samAdhAna isa antara ko na samajhakara kaI tathAkathita tatkAla phalabhogavAdI karmavijJAna para yaha AkSepa kara dete haiM ki ".....agara acche kArya tatkAla phala lAte haiM to acche AdamI ko sukha bhoganA cAhie aura bure kAryoM kA pariNAma burA hai to tatkAla bure AdamI ko duHkha bhoganA caahie|' vastutaH karmaphala aura karmaphala-bhoga ke antara ko na samajhane ke kAraNa hI aisA ghapalA hotA hai| jainakarma-vijJAna ne isa tathya ko yA ina donoM ke antara ko bahuta hI bArIkI se pakar3A hai| kabhI-kabhI karma-phalopabhoga tatkAla nahIM; kyoM aura kaise? yaha to Apa pratyakSa anubhava karate haiM ki koI vyakti kapar3A bunatA hai to use bunane kA phala to tatkAla mila jAtA hai, kintu kapar3A pUrNarUpa se taiyAra hone meM, tathA pahanane lAyaka hone meM kAphI samaya laga jAtA hai| eka vidyArthI par3hAI karanA zurU karatA hai, taba use par3hAI karane kA pariNAma to tatkAla mila jAtA hai, kintu use ema.e. taka pahu~cane meM tathA usa par3hAI ke phala kA upabhoga karane yAnI vyAvahArika jIvana meM usa par3hAI ke dvArA dhanArjana karane, naukarI karane Adi phalabhoga to kaI varSoM bAda milatA hai| daNDa-baiThaka karane vAlA, yA kuztI lar3anA sIkhane vAlA tatkAla hI pahalavAna nahIM bana jaataa| isI 1. dekheM-vahI, sArAMza grahaNa pR. 44 2. dekheM-jinavANI karmasiddhAnta meM AcArya rajanIza kA lekha pR. 273 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 321 prakAra kupathya karane vAlA vyakti bhI tatkAla bImAra nahIM par3a jAtA, roga ke paramANu to tatkAla Ate haiM, kintu dhIre-dhIre saMcita hokara ve kaI mahInoM yA varSoM bAda eka dina kaThora evaM duHsAdhya roga kA rUpa dhAraNa karate haiN| arthAt-kisI bhI kriyA kA mukhya phala to tatkAla avyakta rUpa meM mila jAtA hai, kintu usa phala kA upabhoga prAyaH lambe arse bAda hotA hai| vaidika purANoM meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki gAya ke garbhavatI hote hI tatkAla zizu paidA nahIM ho jAtA, usameM samaya lagatA hai, usI prakAra jagat meM karma bhI tatkAla (phalabhoga ke rUpa meM) phalita nahIM hotaa| "karma ke phalopabhoga kA niyama karma ke arjana ke niyama se bhinna hotA hai| arjita hote hI karma prAyaH tatkSaNa sakriya nahIM hotaa|" "eka navajAta zizu janma lete hI pitA kI sampatti kA adhikArI to ho jAtA hai kintu use pUrNa adhikAra tabhI prApta hotA hai, jaba vaha bAliga yA vayaska ho jAtA hai| jaba taka vaha nAbAliga avasthA ko pAra nahIM kara letA, taba taka usa bacce ko pitA kI sampatti kA kAryakArI svAmitva arthAt sakriya mAlikI haka prApta nahIM hotA; bhale hI use janmajAta svAmitva prApta ho gayA ho| vayaska hone para hI use pitA kI sampatti ke upabhoga kA tathA sakriya svAmitva kA adhikAra milatA hai / "" sattA meM par3e hue baddhakarma phalabhoga nahIM karA pAte yahI tathya karmavijJAna ke sambandha meM samajha lIjie / pudgala-paramANuoM ke rUpa meM yA karmabandha athavA karmAnava ke rUpa meM jo karma arjita huA hai, vaha prAyaH tatkAla kAryakArI nahIM hotaa| amuka avadhi taka ve karma-paramANu yA baddha karma sattA rUpa meM (saMcita) par3e rahate haiM, ve udaya meM nahIM aate| isakA artha yaha huA ki ve karmaparamANu astitva meM avazya haiM, kintu phalabhoga karAne meM abhI kAryakSama nahIM hue haiN| karmoM ke sattA meM par3e rahane ke kAla ko jaina karmavijJAna kI paribhASA meM abAdhAkAla kahate haiN| arthAt sattA meM rahe hue (saMcita) karma kucha bhI kara sakane yAnI phala bhugavAne meM samartha nahIM hue haiM, pariNAma ko kriyAnvita karane kI kSamatA abhI una saMcita (arjita) karmoM meM nahIM aaii| unakA avyakta rUpa meM astitva hai, vyaktarUpa meM ve nahIM aae| jaise- kisAna bIja botA hai, vaha bIja turaMta abhivyakta nahIM ho jAtA / aMkura rUpa meM usa bIja ke abhivyakta hone meM, arthAt - aMkura phUTane meM kucha samaya lagatA hai| aMkura phUTane ke pazcAt dhIre-dhIre vaha paudhA banatA hai, aura Age bar3hate-bar3hate eka dina vizAla vRkSa ke rUpa meM abhivyakta ho jAtA hai| 1. (ka) karmavAda se sAbhAra bhAvAMza grahaNa (kha) bhaviSya purANa meM dekheM- nahi loke kRtaM karma sadyaH phalati gauriva // For Personal & Private Use Only

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322 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5). bIja bone ke kAla ke samAna baMdha kA kAla hai| baMdha ke bAda AtA hai-sattA kA kaal| karma jaba taka sattAkAla yA abAdhAkAla meM rahatA hai, taba taka phalabhoga karAne meM vaha kAryakSama nahIM hotaa| abAdhAkAla pUrNa hone para hI karma phala dene (vipAka) kI sthiti meM AtA hai| arthAt-vaha pUrvabaddha yA pUrvasaMcita karma sattAkAla pUrNa hote hI udaya meM Akara phala dene ko udyata hotA hai| phaladAna kI bhI eka avadhi (kAlasImA) hotI hai, ise jaina karmavijJAna kI bhASA meM sthitikAla kahate haiN|' karmoM ke arjana kA kArya kSaNabhara meM kintu phalabhoga kA kArya kAphI bAda meM Age hama karmavijJAna ke bandhaviSayaka khaNDa meM prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha evaM pradezabandha ke viSaya meM vistRta rUpa se vivecana kreNge| niSkarSa yaha hai ki kriyA karate hI karma jisa kSaNa arjita huA, usI kSaNa usa phala kA upabhoga nahIM hotaa| karmoM ke arjana kA kAla to kSaNabhara kA hai kintu upabhoga kA kAla kAphI lambA hai| jIva apane kRtakarmoM kA phalabhoga kAphI bAda meM, aura kAphI lambe arse taka karatA hai| ataH karma-arjana kA aura karmaphalabhoga ke niyama alaga-alaga haiN| karmaphala aura karmaphalopabhoga meM antara kyoM ? parantu karmavijJAna para yaha jo AkSepa kiyA jAtA hai ki . . . karma to hama abhI kareMge aura phala bhogeMge agale janma meM yaha bilakula nirAdhAra aura aikAntika hai| kabhI-kabhI to kRtakarma kA phala isI janma meM aura tatkAla bhI mila jAtA hai, kabhI isI janma meM kucha dera se milatA hai| yaha baddha karma ke svabhAva (prakRti) evaM anubhAga (rasa) para nirbhara hai| kaI bAra kisI-kisI kRtakarma kA phala kaI varSoM bAda yahIM mila jAtA hai, kabhI agale janma meM yA janmoM meM milatA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM karma vijJAna ke sandarbha meM spaSTa rUpa se udghoSaNA kI gaI hai ki "isa loka meM kiye hue kaI satkarma isa loka meM zubhaphala (sukharUpa phala) vipAka se yukta hote haiM, ihaloka meM kiye hue kaI zubha karma paraloka meM zubha (sukharUpa) phala vipAka se yukta hote haiN| isI prakAra isa loka meM kiye hue duSkarma isa loka meM azubha (duHkharUpa) phala vipAka se yukta hote haiM, tathaiva isa loka meM Acarita kaI duSkarma paraloka meM bhI azubha (duHkharUpa) phala-vipAka se yukta hote haiN|"3 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 42-43 2. dekheM-jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM A. rajanIza dvArA kiyA gayA AkSepa pR. 273 3. "ihaloge sucinnA kammA ihaloge suhaphala vivAgasaMjuttA bhvNti| ihaloge sucitrA kammA paraloge suhaphala vivAga-saMjuttA bhvNti| ihaloge ducinnA kammA ihaloge duhaphalavivAga-saMjuttA bhavaMti / ihaloge ducitrA kammA paraloge duhaphalavivAga-saMjuttA bhvti||" -sthAnAMgasUtra ThA. 4 u. 2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 323 isI prakAra manusmRti Adi meM bhI kahA gayA hai - " kaI durAtmA (duSTa) mAnava isa janma meM duzcarita karmoM se tathA kaI pUrvajanmakRta duSkarmoM se apanI svAbhAvikatA khokara viparIta rUpa (yoni) prApta karate haiN| mahAbhArata bhI isI tathya kA sAkSI hai - " prANI sva-svakRta karmoM ke kAraNa paraloka meM duHkhI hotA hai, tathA una duHkhoM kA pratIkAra karane ke lie pApayoni ko prApta karatA hai|"" ihalokakRta karma kA phalabhoga : isa loka meM bhI, paraloka meM bhI bhaviSya purANa meM bhI isa tathya kA pUrNa samarthana kiyA gayA hai - "isa janma meM kiye gae karma kA phala (prAyaH) dUsare (para) janma meM prApta hotA hai| manuSyoM dvArA pUrvajanma meM kiye hue karma kA phala prAyaH vartamAna meM phalarUpa se prApta hotA hai|" isa loka meM kiye gae karma bhUmi meM boye gaye bIja kI taraha tatkAla phala utpanna nahIM karate / apitu dhAnya (phasala) yA vRkSoM ke phala ke rUpa meM yathAsamaya phalita hote haiN| vAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM isa viSaya meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai - "jisa prakAra vRkSa ke phUla Rtu Ane para hI lagate haiM, vaise hI pApakarma kA kartA bhI usakA ghora phala samaya Ane para hI pAtA hai / " manusmRti meM bhI kahA gayA hai - kaI durAtmA mAnava isa loka meM kiye hue duzcarita (duSkarmoM) se tathA kaI pUrvakRta duSkarmoM se apanI svAbhAvikatA khokara vidrUpa bana jAte . sUtrakRtAMga sUtra cUrNi meM bhI isa tathya kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai - ( 1 ) kaI isa loka meM kiye hue karma isa loka meM phalita ho jAte haiM, phala de dete haiN| (2) isa loka meM kiye hue kaI karma paraloka meM phala dete haiN| (3) paraloka meM kiye hue kaI karma isa loka meM phala dete haiM aura (4) paraloka meM kiye gae karma paraloka meM hI phala de dete haiM / " 1. (ka) iha duzcaritaiH kecit kecit pUrvakRtastathA / prApnuvanti durAtmAno nararUpaM viparyayam / (kha) jantustu karmabhistaistaiH svakRtaiH pretya duHkhitaH / tadduHkha-pratighAtArthamapuNyAM yonimApnute // 2. (ka) 'iha janma kRtaM karma parajanmani prApyate / pUrvajanmakRtaM karma bhoktavyaM tu sadA naraiH // " (kha) avazyaM labhate kartA phalaM pApasya karmaNaH / ghoraM paryAgate kAle drumaH puSpamivArtavam // (ga) iha duzcaritaiH kecit kecit pUrvakRtaistathA / prApnuvanti durAtmAno narA rUpaM viparyayam // - manusmRti - ma. bhA. vanaparva 35 -bhaviSya purANa 3/2/24/36 - vAlmIki rA. araNya kANDa sarga. 29/8 For Personal & Private Use Only - manusmRti

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324 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5.) isa caubhaMgI meM karma ke anantara phala, aura pAramparika phala ke viSaya meM anekAnta dRSTi se sundara evaM vyAvahArika kathana kiyA gayA hai| paramparA se karma kevala eka parabhava meM hI nahIM, usase Age ke parabhavoM meM yAvat anantabhavoM meM jAkara phala detA hai| tathAgata buddha ne bhI apane paira meM cubhane vAle tIkSNa kAMTe ko usa varSa se 91veM. kalpa pUrva kisI vyakti ko zakti (zastra - vizeSa ) se mArA thA, usakA phala mAnA thaa|' sUtrakRtAMga mUla meM bhI isI tathya kI ora iMgita kiyA gayA hai-karmavipAka ko isa loka meM yA paraloka meM, eka bAra yA saikar3oM bAra usI rUpa meM yA dUsare rUpa meM bhogA jAtA hai| saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA huA jIva Age-se-Age duSkRta kA bandha aura vedana karate haiM / sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha se karmaphalabhoga kI kAla sImA tathA tIvratA mandatA. kA patA calatA hai jainakarmavijJAna karmoM ke bandha ko cAra rUpoM meM vibhakta karatA hai| unameM se eka hai sthitibandha, arthAt karma kI kAlamaryAdA / karmabandha ke samaya jIva ke jaise rAgAdi pariNAma hote haiM tadanusAra hI karmoM meM phala- janana-zakti aura phala-pradAna- sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) kA nirmANa hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kaI bAra tIvra adhyavasAya hote haiM to karma kI phalotpAdana zakti bhItIvra ho jAtI hai aura karmoM kI kAlAvadhi bhI lambI ho jAtI hai| isIlie isa loka meM kiye hue kaI karmoM kA phalabhoga paraloka meM hotA hai| isI prakAra paraloka meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala bhI isa loka meM bhoganA par3atA hai| karttA ke pariNAmAnusAra karmaphalabhoga kI kAlasImA (sthiti) nirdhArita hotI hai niSkarSa yaha hai ki karma karate samaya jIva ke jaise-jaise zubha-azubha athavA 9. ita ekanavatikalpe zaktyA me puruSo hataH / tena karmavipAkena pAde viddho'smi bhikSavaH / 2. (ka) ihaloge kataM ihaloge phalati / ihalokataM paraloge phalati / paraloe kataM ihaloge phalati / paraloe kataM paraloge phalati / / paraMpareNeti parabhave, tatazca paratarabhave evaM jAva aNaMtesu bhavesu / (kha) assi ca loe aduvA paratthA, samaggaso vA taha aNNA vA / saMsAramAvanna paraMparaM te, baMdhati veyaMti ya duNNiyANi // - sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi pR. 153 - tathAgata buddha For Personal & Private Use Only - sUtrakRtAMga zru. 1

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 325 tIvra-manda athavA madhyama rAgAdi yA kaSAyAdi pariNAma (bhAva) hote haiM, tadanusAra usake karma kA rasa-bandha hotA hai, tathA usI ke anusAra karmaphala- bhoga kI sthiti (kAla-sImA) kA bandha hotA hai| isI anekAntadRSTi ke AdhAra para sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki " jo deva Urdhvaloka meM utpanna hote haiM, ve cAhe kalpopapanna hoM, cAhe ( graiveyaka Adi ) vimAnoM meM utpanna hoM, cAhe anuttaravimAnoM meM utpanna hoM aura jo jyotizcakra meM sthita hoM, ve cAhe gati-rahita hoM, yA satata gamanazIla hoM, ve jo sadA (satata) jJAnAvaraNIyAdi pApakarma kA bandha karate haiM, usakA phala katipaya deva usI bhava meM vedana kara (bhoga) lete haiM aura katipaya deva anya bhava meM vedana karate haiN| isI prakAra nairayikoM, tiryaMca-paMcendriyoM tathA manuSyoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| ' niSkarSa yaha hai ki cAhe deva hoM, manuSya hoM, nAraka hoM yA tiryaMca, sabako apane dvArA pUrvakRta jJAnAvaraNIyAdi pApakarma kA phala isa bhava meM, agale bhava meM, yA aneka bhavoM ke pazcAt yA aneka bhavoM meM avazya bhoganA par3atA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo jIva karma kA bandha karatA hai, use usakA phala (vipAka) isa janma meM, agale janma yA janmoM meM bhoganA par3atA hai| kaI karma to aise vilakSaNa hote haiM, jo janma-janmAntara taka jIva ke sAtha-sAtha calate rahate haiM, ve aneka janmoM ke bAda apanA phala pradAna karate haiN| kucha karma mahInoM yA varSoM bAda, athavA kAphI lambA kAla vyatIta hone para apanA phala bhugatAte haiN| isake viparIta kaI karmoM kA phalabhoga tatkAla athavA antarmuhUrta meM hI ho jAtA hai| yaha saba karma ke anubhAga (rasa) bandha aura sthitibandha para nirbhara hai| isa loka meM kRta karma kA, isI loka meM phalabhoga : eka saccI ghaTanA eka vyakti kisI kI hatyA kara DAlatA hai, usakA hiMsAjanita karmabandha to usI samaya (tatkAla ) ho gyaa| kintu ukta baddha karma kA phalabhoga tatkAla na hokara dera se * milaa| parantu milA usI janma meM / eka saccI ghaTanA 'paramArtha' (gujarAtI mAsika patrikA) meM par3hI thii| vaha saMkSepa meM isa prakAra hai- kalakatte meM zramajIvI varga kA eka vyakti apanI bahana ke sAtha rahatA thA / mehanata majadUrI karake jaise-jaise apanA gujArA calAtA thaa| usake pAsa apanI mAlika 1. dekheM sthAnAMga sUtra sthAna 2, u. 2, sU. 77/19 se 23 taka kA mUlapATha va anuvAda (paM. muni zrI kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala') pR. 24/25 tathA 49-50 2. paramArtha (gujarAtI mAsika patrikA) se sAra-saMkSepa For Personal & Private Use Only

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326 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kI tIna koThariyA~ thIM, jinameM vaha rahatA, bhojana banAtA aura gujArA karatA thaa| eka dina eka paMjAbI vyApArI rAtri ko lagabhaga dasa-sAr3he dasa baje AyA aura rAtabhara sone ke lie eka koTharI kI mAMga karane lgaa| pahale to unhoMne TAlAmaTUla kii| para jaba vaha adhika gir3agir3Ane lagA to ukta bhAI ne use eka koTharI rAtri-nivAsa karane ke lie de dii| usa paMjAbI vyApArI kA paricaya usane pahale hI pA liyA thA, jise ukta zramajIvI bhAI kI bahana bhI satarka hokara suna rahI thii| jaba vaha apanA kamIja Adi kholakara nizciMtatA se so gayA to bahana ke mana meM lobhavRtti jAgI - "yaha vyApArI hai| dasa hajAra rupaye isake pAsa haiN| hama donoM bhAI bahana bar3I muzkila se gujArA calAte haiN| kyoM nahIM, isa vyApArI ko khatma karake rupaye le liye jAe~ ? pApa ke binA AdamI sukha se nahIM sktaa| yahA~ koI dekhatA bhI nahIM / jhaTapaTa isakI lAza ko ThikAne lagA deNge| kisI ko kucha bhI patA nahIM lgegaa|" yaha socakara vaha uThI, pUrI caukasI se dekhA ki paMjAbI vyApArI gAr3hI nidrA meM so rahA hai| churA nikAla kara le AI aura usake gale ko reta ddaalaa| gale se khUna kI dhArA baha niklii| thor3I dera taka chaTapaTAkara vaha zAnta ho gyaa| phira usane usa vyApArI kI jeba se 10 hajAra rupayoM kI noToM kI gaDDiyA~ nikAlIM aura prasanna hotI huI apane bhAI ke pAsa phuNcii| use hAtha se hilAkara jgaayaa| bhAI ne pUchA- "kyA hai ? kyoM jagA rahI ho ?" bahana bolI - "bhAI-bhAI ! dekho hare-hare noTa !" bhAI -"kahAM se lAI ?" bahana - "vaha paMjAbI vyApArI thA na ! use maiMneM khatma kara diyA hai aura usakI jeba se nikAla kara lAI hU~ / " bhAI bolA - "arI pApinI ! ghora anartha kara DAlA tUne ! eka to vizvAsaghAta kA pApa kiyA, dUsare hatyA aura tIsarA corI kA pApa ! isa pApa kA kitanA bhayaMkara phala bhoganA par3egA ?" bahana ne kahA - " "aisA maiM na karatI to, jiMdagIbhara garIbI aura abhAva kI cakkI meM hameM pisanA par3atA ! aba hama Ananda kI jiMdagI jiieNge| itane rupayoM se acchA kArobAra kareMge aura zIghra hI mAlAmAla ho jaaeNge|" pahale to bhAI mAnA nahIM, parantu bAda meM vaha bhI bahana kI bAta se sahamata ho gyaa| ghara ke pAsa kUr3e kA Dhera par3A thaa| vahA~ jagaha khoda usa paMjAbI kI lAza ko daphanA diyaa| Upara se jagaha eka sarIkhI karake usa para kUr3A DAla diyaa| kisI ko bhI patA na lgaa| bAta AI gaI ho gii| aba to una rupayoM se vyApAra kiyaa| do hI varSoM meM kAphI paisA kmaayaa| bahana to usI varSa cala bsii| bhAI ne zAdI kii| do varSa bAda baccA huA / usakA pAlana-poSaNa For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 327 bhalIbhAMti hone lgaa| parantu vaha paidA huA tabhI se bImAra rahane lgaa| pratidina usake ilAja meM DAkTaroM aura davAiyoM meM kharca hone lgaa| vaha bhI apane putra kI roga-mukti ke lie paisA pAnI kI taraha bahAne lgaa| parantu bIca-bIca meM kucha ThIka ho jAtA, phira kucha dinoM bAda vaha punaH bImAra par3a jaataa| yoM karate-karate 18 varSoM bAda jaba vaha svastha huA to dhUmadhAma se usakA vivAha kara diyaa| vivAha ke bAda phira vaha bImAra rahane lgaa| jyoM-jyoM ilAja karAyA, tyoM-tyoM bImArI bar3hatI gii| davA-upacAra kA kharca bhI bar3hatA gyaa| eka dina bImAra putra ke sirahAne kI ora baiTha kara pitA usake sira para hAtha phirAtA huA kahane lagA-"beTA! aba kaise hai tere ? tU cintA na kara, jitanA bhI paisA kharca hogA, kruuNgaa|" lar3akA bolA"pitAjI! aba maiM ThIka nahIM houuNgaa|" pitA-"aisI kyA bAta hai, beTA! tU ThIka ho jaaegaa|" putra-"pitAjI! aba Apake pAsa kitane rupaye rahe haiM ?" pitA bolA-"karja lekara bhI maiM terA ilAja kraauuNgaa| tU cintA na kr|" rugNa putra apanA svara badala kara bolA-"kyA Apa usa paMjAbI ko jAnate haiM, jo Apake yahA~ ThaharA thA, aura ApakI bahana ne jisakI hatyA karake usake saba rupaye le liye the!'' pitA ne kahA-"aisI bahakI-bahakI bAteM mata kr| tU kaise jAnatA hai, usa paMjAbI ko?" ___lar3ake ne AvAja badalakara kahA-"vaha (paMjAbI) maiM hI huuN| jisa dina Apake saba rupaye mere ilAja meM kharca ho jAeMge, usI dina merA dehAnta ho jaaegaa|" isa prakAra kI bAta sunane ke bAda pitA ke mana meM khalabalI maca gii| calacitra kI taraha usa paMjAbI atithi kI hatyA dRzya A~khoM ke samakSa tairane lgaa| . pitA ne pUchA-"tere sAtha jisa lar3akI kA vivAha huA hai, usane kyA gunAha kiyA thA, tU use vidhavA banAkara chor3a jAegA?" putra bolA-"usane hI to sAre pApar3a bele the| usane hI mujhe mArA thaa| usI kA phala vaha ro-rokara bhogegii|" jisa dina lar3ake ke ilAja meM usa pitA kA sArA rupayA kharca ho gayA, usI dina lar3ake ke prANapakherU ur3a ge| usa lar3ake kI patnI jo usakI hatyArI thii| use galita kuSTa phUTa niklaa| vaha riba-ribakara chaha mahIne bAda hI mara gii| usa lar3ake ke pitA ne jo vyApAra kiyA thA, usameM ghATA laga gayA, pUMjI sArI khatma ho cukI thii| punaH vaisI hI dIna-hIna paristhiti ho gii| isa paristhiti ko dekhakara use saMsAra se virakti ho gii| kAzI meM jAkara usane bhagavA veSa dhAraNa kara liyA, vaha saMnyAsI ho gyaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

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328 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) yaha hai-isa janma (loka) meM kiye hue karma ke isI loka (janma) meM phalabhoga kA jvalanta udaahrnn| isa loka meM kRta karma kA phalabhoga agale loka (janma) meM phalabhoga kA dUsarA vikalpa hai-isa loka meM karma kiyA aura usakA phala bhugatamA par3A agale loka (janma) meN| eka vyakti ne kisI sAhUkAra se dasa hajAra rupaye karja liye| sAhUkAra ke bAra-bAra takAjA karane para vaha use TarakAtA rhaa| nIyata kharAba kara lii| vaha sAhUkAra. to karja cuke binA hI mara gyaa| usane usake putra ke rUpa meM janma liyaa| vayaskaM hote hI vaha bImAra rahane lgaa| ilAja karAne para bhI ThIka na huaa| pUre dasa hajAra rupaye usakI cikitsA meM jaba kharca ho gae, taba vaha (karjadAra se) bolA-tumhAre dasa hajAra rupaye kharca ho gae, merA tumase jitanA lenA thA, vaha Aja cukatA ho gyaa| aba maiM Aja hI zarIra chor3a rahA huuN| aura sacamuca hI pUrvajanma ke karja lekara vApasa na cukAne ke karma kA phala agale janma meM bhugatanA pdd'aa| yaha hai isa loka (pUrvajanma) meM bA~dhe hue karma kA phalabhoga agale janma (paraloka) meM cukAne yA karmaphala pAne kA jvalanta udaahrnn| paraloka meM kRta karma kA phalabhoga AgAmI janma meM, tathA isa janma meM bhI tIsarA vikalpa hai, kisI ne paraloka meM karma kiyA, usakA phala isa loka meM bhoganA pdd'e| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tripRSTha vAsudeva ke bhava meM zayyApAlaka ke kAnoM meM teja garma kiyA huA zIzA u~DalavAyA aura use tar3aphA-tar3aphA kara nirdayatApUrvaka maravA DAlA thaa| isa krUra karma kA phala unheM agale bhava meM saptama narakagati-prApti ke rUpa meM bhoganA pdd'aa| naraka meM unheM bhayaMkara yAtanAe~, pada-pada para kaSTa aura vedanA bhoganI pdd'ii| kevala itane se hI-eka janma meM prApta dAruNa vipAka (ghora karmaphala bhoga) se hI, usa krUra karma kA phala bhogane se hI chuTTI nahIM ho gii| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke bhava meM phira unake kAnoM meM kIle Thoke gae; taba jAkara una karmoM se chuTakArA milaa| huA yaha ki vardhamAna mahAvIra eka jagaha kAyotsarga meM khar3e the| eka gvAlA AyA aura apane bailoM ko unake AsapAsa chor3akara yaha kahatA huA calA gayA-"bAbA! mere 1. (ka) paramArtha (gujarAtI mAsika patrikA) se sAra saMkSepa (kha) jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAeM se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 227 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 329 baila yahA~ cara rahe haiM, dhyAna rkhnaa|" mahAvIra to samauna apane dhyAna meM magna the / unheM isa duniyAdArI ke prapaMcoM se koI matalaba nahIM thA, na hI unhoMne apanI ora se bailoM kI rakhavAlI yA nigarAnI rakhane kI svIkRti yA asvIkRti dI thii| baila carate- carate kAphI dUra cale ge| gvAlA jaba lauTakara AyA to baila mahAvIra ke AsapAsa nahIM mile| gvAle ne bahuta dera taka idhara-udhara khoja kI, magara baila nahIM mile| phira gvAle ne pUchatAcha kI to maunI mahAvIra ne use kucha bhI uttara na diyaa| use ina para pUrA zaka ho gayA ki ho na ho, isI bAbA ne mere baila kahIM chipAye haiN| ataH phira bailoM ko DhU~r3hane dUra-dUra taka calA gyaa| vaha khojate khojate thaka gayA, magara baila nahIM mile| jaba vaha vApasa lauTA to saMyogavaza baila mahAvIra ke AsapAsa carate dikhAI diye| gvAlA gusse meM tamatamAyA huA to thA hI, usane lakar3I ke Tukar3e ko chIlakara Age se tIkhA eka kIlA banAyA aura dhyAnastha mahAvIra ke kAnoM meM yaha kahate hue Thoka diyA- "mere baila curAne / chipAne kA majA cakha le|" bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane jJAna meM dekhA ki yaha tripRSTha vAsudeva ke bhava meM zayyApAlaka ke kAnoM meM khaulatA hue zIze kA rasa ur3elane ke duSkarma kA phalabhoga (vipAka) hai| ataH unhoMne use samabhAva se sahana kiyaa|' itanA avazya hai ki unhoMne karmaphala bhogate samaya hiMsaka pratIkAra yA karmaphala bhuMgavAne meM nimitta (gvAle) ke prati mana meM kisI prakAra kA roSa yA dveSa bhI nahIM kiyaa| isa kAraNa usa karma kA phala bhogane ke pazcAt vaha kSINa hokara AtmA se pRthak ho gyaa| agara ve pratIkAra karate yA mana meM roSa yA dveSa karate to phira nayA karmabandha kara lete aura phira usakA duHkhada phala bhoganA par3atA / yaha hai - paraloka (pUrvajanma) meM kiye hue karma ke isa loka meM phala bhogane kA jvalanta udAharaNa ! karmaphala sabhI sAMsArika jIvoM ko avazya bhogane par3ate haiM kaI-kaI vyakti to karmaphala kI majAka ur3Ate hue athavA ha~sate-ha~sate krUra karma karate hue ahaMkArapUrvaka kahate haiM-"kyA hotA hai - karmaphala ? sArI zakti mere hAtha meM hai| maiM cAhe jo kucha kara sakatA huuN| merA kauna bigAr3ane vAlA hai ?" parantu aise tIsamArakhA~ para kRtakarmoM ke phala ke rUpa meM jaba saMkaToM aura kaSToM kA duHkhada pahAr3a TUTa par3atA hai, taba ve Akula vyAkula hokara vilApa karane lagate haiM yA ro dhokara raha jAte haiN| isa prakAra samabhAva se karmaphala na bhogane ke kAraNa unake naye karma phira baMdha jAte haiM, jinakA duHkhada phala unheM bhoganA par3atA hai| 1. dekheM - kalpasUtra vivecana ( upAcArya devendramuni) meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvanavRtta For Personal & Private Use Only

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330 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vastutaH isa saMsAra meM karmaphala se koI baca nahIM sakatA, cAhe vaha kitanA hI zaktizAlI ho, sattAdhIza ho, dhanAdhIza ho yA dharmadhurandhara ho| pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala koI isa janma meM tatkAla bhugatatA hai, aura koI dera se, koI Aja to koI do dina bAda, aura koI sau dina bAda bhugatatA hai| saMsAra meM koI bhI vyakti aisA nahIM hai, jisane karma kiyA ho aura use usakA phala bhoganA na par3A ho| cauthA vikalpa : paraloka kRta karma kA phalabhoga paraloka meM hI cauthA vikalpa hai-paraloka (pUrvajanma) meM karma kiyA aura usakA phalabhoga bhI paraloka meM ho gyaa| yaha vikalpa spaSTa hai| isa caubhaMgI se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kaI bAra karmaphala bhogate samaya samabhAva na rakhane se kRtakarma kA phala eka bAra hI nahIM, sau bAra, hajAra bAra bhI bhoganA par3atA hai| jaba vyakti atyanta Aveza, ahaM aura tIvratA tathA krUratA ke sAtha karma karatA hai, usakA phala use aneka bAra bhoganA par3atA hai| AcArya rajanIza ke ekAnta prarUpaNa kA khaNDana pUrvokta vivecana se AcArya rajanIza Adi buddhivAdiyoM kI isa ekAnta dhAraNA kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai ki-"karma abhI kareM aura usakA phala bhogeM agale janma meM, tathA pichale janmoM ke acche-bure karmoM ke dvArA isa jIvana ke sukha-duHkha kI vyAkhyA karanA, karmavAda ke siddhAnta ko vikRta karanA hai|'' karmaphala viSayaka asaMgati kA nirAkaraNa isI prakAra mAnavasamAja kI vartamAnakAlika avyavasthA yA viSamatA ke lie karmasiddhAnta para doSAropaNa karate hue katipaya loga kahate haiM ki-"yaha karmaphala kI asaMgati hai| karma siddhAnta kevala pUrvajanmakRta karma kA phala kahakara pratyeka duravasthA yA viSamatA kI samasyA kA samAdhAna de detA hai; parantu vartamAna meM jisane azubha nahIM kiyA ho, usakA use azubha phala mile tathA vartamAna meM jisane zubha kiyA ho, usakA zubhaphala na mile, yaha asaMgati hai|" __vastutaH aise loga vartamAna dRSTi-parAyaNa haiM, ve dUradarzI banakara atIta, anAgata evaM vartamAna kI traikAlika karma-paramparA kI zrRMkhalA ko nahIM dekha paate| yadi ve isa traikAlika karmaparamparA kI zrRMkhalA ko dekha-soca sakate to sAMsArika jIva kI jIvanayAtrA jo janma-janmAntara se calI A rahI hai, ko samajhakara jIvana kA samagra 1. dekheM jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita lekha meM karma vijJAna para AkSepa pR. 274 2. vahI, karmavijJAna para 'jaisI karaNI, vaisI bharaNI -para eka TippaNI'-lekha meM kiyA gayA AkSepa pR. 272 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 331 karmagaNita kara skte| phira ve svataH hI isa siddhAnta se santuSTa ho jAte ki mUlataH vyakti ho yA samUha, apane atIta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya ke samasta kRtakoM ke lie svayaM uttaradAyI hai| eka janma meM jo asaMgata lagatA hai, eka se adhika janmoM ko dekhane para karmaphala kI saMgati kI adRSTa kar3iyA~ spaSTa pratIta hone lagatI haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrthaMkara banane se pUrva ke 27 bhavoM (janmoM) ke tathA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke dasa pUrva janmoM ke karmoM kI paramparA kA lekhA-jokhA isa tathya kA spaSTa pramANa hai| jo loga karma ke mUlAdhArarUpa pUrvajanma evaM punarjanma ko tathA adRSTa ko, athavA svarga, naraka Adi parokSa lokoM (gatiyoM) ko nahIM mAnate, ve hI karma phala ke viSaya meM pUrvokta asaMgati batAkara jainakarma vijJAna ke isa akATya siddhAnta kI upekSA kara baiThate haiN| tathA isa janma meM prApta karmaphala ko asaMgata batAkara karmasiddhAnta ko hI mAnane se inkAra kara dete haiN| jainakarmavijJAna pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ko mAnatA hai aura vartamAna meM milane vAle karmaphala bhoga kA adRzyamAna mUla kAraNa pUrvakRta zubhAzubha karma ko mAnatA ekAnta tatkAla phalavAdI : karmavijJAna ke rahasya se anabhijJa ... kupathya karane vAlA vyakti tatkAla rogI nahIM dikhAI detaa| samaya pAkara jaba roga ugrarUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai, tabhI niSNAta vaidya yA cikitsaka usakA nidAna karate haiM ki isa vyakti ne amuka kupathya kiyA, isake phalasvarUpa amuka bImArI huii| ___isI prakAra karma siddhAnta bhI yaha ekAnta prarUpaNA nahIM karatA ki "pUrvajanmakRta karmoM kA hI phala milatA hai, vahI saba kucha hai, athavA isa janma meM kiye hue zubha-azubha karmoM kA isI janma meM zubha yA azubha phala, tatkAla yA dera-sabera se nahIM miltaa|" aisA AkSepa karane vAle loga jaina karma-vijJAna ke rahasya se bilakula anabhijJa haiN| - isI prakAra jainakarma vijJAna yaha bhI nahIM kahatA ki isa janma meM kiye hue sabhI . karmoM ke phala paraloka meM milate haiM athavA isa loka meM bhI vilamba se milate haiN| kucha karmoM ke phala tatkAla athavA kucha samaya bAda milate haiN| kucha karmoM ke phala isa janma meM amuka kAlAvadhi ke bAda milate haiN| kucha karmoM ke phala agale janma meM yA aneka janmoM ke bAda bhI milate haiN| vRtta . 1. (ka) dekheM, kalpasUtra (saM. upAcArya devendramuni) meM bha. mahAvIra evaM bha. pArzvanAtha ke jIvana vRtta . (kha) bhagavAna mahAvIra : eka anuzIlana -upAcArya devendramuni (ga) bhagavAn pArzva : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana -upAcArya devendramuni For Personal & Private Use Only

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332 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5). jainakarmavijJAna meM karma, karmaphala aura karmaphalabhoga meM antara jainakarmavijJAna karma, karmaphala aura karmaphala- bhoga ke viSaya meM atyanta gaharAI se anekAntadRSTi se cintana prastuta karatA hai| pUrvokta vivecana ke anusAra kisI bhI kriyA, pravRtti yA karma kA mukhya (anantara) phala to tatkAla milatA hai, karmabandha yA karmAnava ke rUpa meN| kintu paramparAgata phala athavA yoM kaheM ki karmaphala kA upabhoga isa janma meM bhI milatA hai, agale janma yA janmoM meM bhI prApta ho sakatA hai| isI prakAra kaI karmoM kA phalabhoga isI janma meM tatkAla bhI prApta ho sakatA hai / katipaya karmoM kA kucha arse bAda mahIne, varSa yA varSoM bAda bhI prApta ho sakatA hai| isI janma meM karmaphalabhoga kA zAstrIya pramANa uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM harikezabala ke pUrvajIvana aura uttarakAlIna jIvana kI jhAMkI milatI hai| ve pUrvajanmakRta jAtimadarUpa azubha karma ke phalasvarUpa vartamAna jIvana meM cANDAlakula meM janme / cANDAla-parivAra meM zuddha vAtAvaraNa, satsaMga, samyakbodha aura vikAsa ke sAdhana to milate hI kahA~ se ? kintu pUrvajanma meM Acarita zubhakarma ke phalasvarUpa unheM svayaM sphuraNA huI vakratA chor3ane aura saralatA ko apanAne kI, eka dumu~hI aura eka sarpa ke prati janasAmAnya ke kramazaH zubha-azubha vicAra evaM vyavahAra ko dekhkr| parantu atyadhika apamAna ke daMza se pIr3ita harikezabala ghara se nikala par3A, kisI mahAhitaiSI mArga-darzaka mahAtmA kI khoja meN| mahAmuni ne harikezabala meM zuddha karma (dharmAcaraNa) meM utsAha, sAhasa aura puruSArtha kI preraNA jgaaii| phalataH unhoMne mahAvratI zramaNa jIvana aMgIkAra karake samyagjJAna - darzana - cAritra - tapa kI ArAdhanA -sAdhanA meM puruSArtha karake usI janma meM zuddha karma ( abandhaka karma-dharma) kA upArjana kiyA aura bAhyAbhyantara tapazcaraNa, samatA, kSamA, santoSa, titikSA evaM dayA Adi kI ucca sAdhanA kii| jisake phalasvarUpa usI janma meM samasta karmoM kA kSaya karake ve siddha-buddha-mukta hue|' isa jIvanavRtta meM pUrvajanma ke karma kA phalabhoga isa janma meM tathA isa janma meM kiye hue (dharmAcaraNa rUpa) zuddha karma (abandhaka karma) kA phalabhoga isI janma meM prApta hone kA spaSTa ullekha hai| karma kA phala to harikezabala ko azubha, zubha yA zuddha kriyA yA pravRtti karate hI tatkAla zubhAzubha karmabandha ke rUpa meM athavA abandhaka karma ke rUpa meM mila gyaa| tatkAla karmaphalabhoga kA eka udAharaNa kucha karmoM kA phalabhoga tatkAla prApta ho jAtA hai, isa sambandha meM eka saccI ghaTanA maiMne eka samAcAra patra meM par3hI thii| eka jaina aura sikkha eka basa meM sAtha-sAtha 1. dekheM, uttarAdhyayanasUtra a. 12 meM muni harikezabala kA jIvanavRtta For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 333 yAtrA kara rahe the| jaina bhAI ne sikkha ko jIvadayA aura mAMsAhAra tyAga ke viSaya meM kAphI smjhaayaa| para vaha kisI bhI hAlata meM ye saba bAteM mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM huaa|jb donoM basa se utare to usa sikkha ne eka kharagoza kA baccA pakar3a liyaa| jaina bhAI ne use chor3a dene ko kahA, phira bhI vaha nahIM mAnA aura churA nikAla kara jyoM hI usa kharagoza ke bacce ko mArane ke lie udyata huA, tyoM hI vaha ekadama uchalakara bhAga gayA, vaha churA ukta sikkha ke hAtha para lgaa| hAtha kA agalA bhAga paMje sahita kaTakara alaga ho gyaa| saradArajI lahUluhAna hokara vahIM gira par3e aura behoza ho ge| jainabhAI ne kahIM se turaMta DiTola lAkara unakA ghAva dhoyA aura marahama-paTTI kii| parantu saradArajI kA vaha ghAva ThIka nahIM huaa| vahI ghAva usakA jAnalevA bana gyaa|' yaha hai pApakarma ke phala ke tatkAla upabhoga kA jvalanta udaahrnn| eka mahIne bAda hI kukarma kA phala bhoganA par3A dUsarI eka pratyakSa phalabhoga kI ghaTanA hai jo agasta 1967 ke kalyANa mAsika patra meM prakAzita huI thii| jilA bulandazahara meM dAdarI ke pAsa eka gUjaroM ke gA~va meM eka pahalavAna rahatA thaa| parivAra meM vaha akelA thaa| usake ghara meM mAtA-pitA, bhAI-bahana, strI-putra koI bhI na thaa| vaha eka bhaiMsa rakhatA thA, usakA dUdha pItA thaa| vaha ghara se jaba bAhara jAtA to pIche se eka kuttA dIvAra lA~ghakara Aga para bhagaune meM rakhe hue dUdha ko pI jaataa| kucha dina biite| eka dina pahalavAna jaba ghara para hI thA ki kuttA AyA aura dUdha pIne lgaa| pahalavAna cAhatA to use DarAkara bhagA sakatA thA, kintu usane AgA-pIchA kucha na socakara carkhe meM se eka takuA nikAlA, use garma kiyA aura turaMta usa kutte kI A~khoM meM ghoMpa diyaa| usakI A~khoM se khUna kI dhArA baha nikalI / kuttA 15.dinoM taka usakI asahya pIr3A bhogakara mara gyaa| eka dina vahI pahalavAna yamunA nadI ke taTa se karIba eka mIla dUra darAMtI se jhUDa (ghAsa) kATa rahA thA ki akasmAta darAMtI usakI A~khoM meM laga gii| donoM A~kheM tIkhI darAMtI kI dhAra se phUTa giiN| vaha andhA ho gyaa| eka mahIne taka vaha usakI bhayAnaka pIr3A bhogakara mAsa ke antima dina mara gyaa| use apanI karanI kA dugunA phala hAthoM hAtha bhoganA pdd'aa| krUrakarmA DrokyUlA ko usI janma meM kaTuphala bhoganA par3A jo manuSya sattA ke mada meM Akara duSTa saMgati, durAcAra, AsurI kriyAkalApa aura hiMsAdi pApa-pravRttiyoM ko apanAtA hai, vaha vyakti prAyaH isI janma meM dera-sabera 1. 'janakalyANa' (mAsika gujarAtI) se 2. 'kalyANa' agasta 1967 ke aMka se For Personal & Private Use Only

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334 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . . apane pApakRtyoM kA kaTu phalabhoga prApta karatA hai| mahAbhArata (zAntiparva) meM kahA gayA hai-"adharma kisI bhI apekSA se kartA ko nahIM chodd'taa| pApa karma kartA avazya hI yathAsamaya' kRtakarma kA phala bhogatA (pAtA) hai|" san 1430 I. meM TrAMsalavAniyA ke pahAr3I pradezoM ke rAjyasiMhAsana para ArUr3ha hone vAlA 'kAuMTa DrokyUlA' eka nara-pizAca zAsaka thaa| usane 1476 taka zAsana kiyaa| 46 varSoM taka usane aisI amAnuSika krUratAe~ baratIM ki itihAsakAroM ne use 'lATa di impelara'-arthAt-manuSya ke zarIra ko chedane vAlA khaa| vaha sajA dene ke lie krUratama tarIke apanAtA thaa| ___ loga yAtanA aura pIr3A se cillAte rahate, unheM dekhakara DrokyUlA atyanta Ananda vibhora hokara bhojana krtaa| kisI ke dvArA dayA kI yAcanA karane para bhI vaha adhikAdhika krUratApUrvaka nRzaMsa hatyAoM ke naye-naye DhaMga apnaataa| kabhI-kabhI vaha dUdha pIte baccoM ko unakI mAtAoM ke sIne para hI kIla se jar3avA detA, aura una mRta baccoM kA hI mAMsa khAne ke lie majabUra kara detaa| eka bAra usane apane rAjya ke sabhI garIba, vRddha aura rugNa logoM ko senA dvArA ikaTThA karavAkara unheM jiMdA jalavA diyaa| ___ina krUratama pApakarmoM kA phala use isI jIvana meM mila gyaa| DrokyUlA ne apane jIvana kAla meM jina logoM kI tar3aphA tar3aphA kara nRzaMsa hatyA kI thI, usase bhI bhayaMkara tarIke se use mArA gyaa| turkI senAoM ne jaba TrAMsalavAniyA ko jItakara DrokyUlA ko baMdI banA liyA to usake zarIra se pratidina mAMsa kA eka Tukar3A kATa liyA jAtA aura vahI use kaccA cabAne ke lie majabUra kiyA jaataa|2 / kApeja ne apane kRtapApoM kA phala isI janma meM bhogA lipajiga (jarmanI) ke sezanakorTa kA nyAyAdhIza 'beneDikTa kArpeja (1620 se 1666 taka) bhI atyanta krUra aura kaThora prakRti kA thaa| usane bhI apane 46 varSa ke nyAyAdhIza kAla meM 30 hajAra puruSoM aura 22 hajAra striyoM ko phAMsI para cddh'aayaa| choTe-se-choTe aparAdha taka kI sajA vaha mRtyudaNDa de detA thaa| striyoM ko to usane jAdU-Tone ke sandeha taka meM pakar3avAkara phAMsI para car3hA diyaa| dayA yA kSamA zabda to usane kahIM sIkhA hI nhiiN| phira bhI vaha svayaM ko dhArmika kahatA thaa| mAgA -mahAbhArata, zAntiparva a. 298 1. (ka) "nAdharmaH kAraNApekSI krtaarmbhimunycti| kartA khalu yathAkAlaM tataH smbhipdyte||" (kha) akhaNDajyoti, disambara 1978 se saMkSipta 2. akhaNDajyoti, disambara 1978 se pR. 17-18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 335 jinake sambandhiyoM ko nirdoSa hote hue bhI usane sajA dI thI, aura phAMsI para car3havAyA thA, aise logoM ne ukta krUra nyAyAdhIza-kAja ko pakar3a liyA aura use aise kamare meM chor3a diyA, jahA~ pahale se hI hajAroM bicchU rakha diye gae the| koI tIna dina meM usakI mRtyu huii| ___ jaba usa kamare meM se kAja kI AvAja AnI baMda ho gaI, taba logoM ne use bAhara nikaalaa| usake zarIra para aisA koI bhI sthAna nahIM bacA thA, jahA~ bicchuoM ne daMza na diyA ho| isa prakAra riba-ribakara marane ke rUpa meM kArpeja ko apane pApakarmoM kA phala bhoganA pdd'aa| krUrakarmA ivAna ko apanI karaNI kA phala milA rUsa ke kaTeliyA pradeza kA eka krUra evaM vAsanAndha jAgIradAra 'ivAna' bhI isI prakAra kA krUra karma karane vAlA thaa| usane apanI vAsanApUrti ke lie saikar3oM mahilAoM ke sAtha atyAcAra kiyA thaa| unameM se kaiyoM ne to AtmahatyA kara lI thii| kaI abodha bAlikAe~ isa krUra karma ko sahana na kara pAne ke kAraNa mara gaI thiiN| isake alAvA usane hajAroM niraparAdha vyaktiyoM ko maravA DAlA thaa| jaba isake pApa karmoM kA ghar3A bhara cukA to ise rUsa kI kamyunisTa krAnti (san 1918-19) ke samaya vahA~ se apanI patnI aura bAlaka-bAlikA ke sAtha bhAganA pdd'aa| seMTa pITarsavarga se kucha mIla dUra grenAiTa pattharoM se banI eka kaoNTeja meM unhoMne zaraNa lii| yaha kaoNTeja kabhI 'ivAna' kA vilAsamahala raha cukA thaa| vahA~ kA pratyeka patthara 'ivAna' ke krUra karmoM kA sAkSI thaa| use apane krUra karma bIbhatsa aura bhayAvaha rUpa meM yAda Ane lge| usane apanI krUra patnI annA aura donoM baccoM ko apane bUr3he mallAha ke sAtha vahA~ se ravAnA kara diyaa| annA rAste meM hI vikSipta hokara nadI meM kUda pdd'ii| ivAna ne atIta meM kiye hue krUra karmoM kI smRti se burI taraha bhayabhIta hokara nevA jhIla meM kUdakara AtmahatyA kara lii| sacamuca, mRtyu ke samaya aise pApI vyakti ko apane sAre krUra karma yAda Ate haiM aura vaha unase Dara kara svayaM kA utpIr3ana karane lagatA hai| musolinI ke pApa kA ghar3A anta meM phUTa kara rahA iTalI ke tAnAzAha musolinI ne janatA kA zoSaNa karake araboM rupaye kI sampatti-sone kI char3eM, hIre-javAharAta, pauMDa paiMsa aura DAlaroM ke rUpa meM jamA kI thii| yaha 1. vahI, disambara 1978 se pR. 19 .. 2. vahI, disambara 1978 pR. 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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336 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) pApakarma use haradama kacoTatA thaa| yuddha meM hArane ke bAda vaha apanI jAna bacAkara sviTajaralaiNDa kI tarapha bhAgA thaa| kintu vaha bhAgane meM saphala nahIM huA aura kamyunisTa senAoM dvArA golI se ur3A diyA gyaa| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM ThIka hI kahA hai-'dhana se pramAdI manuSya apanI rakSA nahIM kara paataa|" sAmUhika hatyAoM kA kuphala hiTalara ko bhI milA isa zatAbdI meM nRzaMsa sAmUhika hatyAoM ke lie hiTalara kA nAma bar3I ghRNA aura tiraskAra ke sAtha liyA jAtA hai| usane lAkhoM niraparAdha vyaktiyoM ko mauta ke ghATa utaravA diyaa| parantu vaha bhI jiMdagIbhara caina se nahIM baiTha skaa| yahA~ taka ki apanI chAyA se, apane padacApa kI pratidhvani se bhI vaha DaratA rhaa| use sukha se nIMda nahIM AtI thii| sazaMka hokara bAra-bAra uTha baiThatA thaa| aise vyakti jIvanabhara azAnta, udvigna aura Atma pratAr3anA se Andolita rahate haiN| kyA yaha unake krUra karmoM kA phalabhoga nahIM hai ? isa janma ke pApoM kA phala isI janma meM abhI tA. 26 disambara 89 kI tAjI ghaTanA hai ki rUmAniyA ke apadastha kiye gae rASTrapati nikolAI ceseskU aura usakI patnI elenA ko donoM para hajAroM nAgarikoM kI hatyA karAne, eka araba DAlara se bhI adhika kI sampatti deza se bAhara le jAne tathA dezadroha karane ke aparAdha meM gupta adAlatI kAryavAhI karane ke bAda phAyariMga skvADa ne goliyoM se ur3A diyaa| tAnAzAha ceseskU aura usake parivAra ke baiMka khAtoM para bhI pAbaMdI lagA dI gii| unake putra evaM putrI ko giraphtAra kara liyA gyaa| yaha hai-isa janma ke kRta pApakarmoM kA isI janma meM phalabhoga kA jvalanta udAharaNa kRtakoM ke phalabhoga meM kAla kA antara kyoM? ise jaina karmasiddhAnta kI bhASA meM yoM samajhA jA sakatA hai-rAga-dveSa Adi adhyavasAyoM ke kAraNa jo karma-paramANu AtmA ke sAtha dugdha jalavat ghula-mila jAte haiM, ekIbhUta-se ho jAte haiM, una karma paramANuoM meM-jIva ke tIvra-manda bhAvoM aura pariNAmoM ke anusAra phalotpAdana-zakti aura phala dene kI sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai| yadi karmabandha ke samaya jIva ke pariNAma manda hoMge to karmaparamANuoM meM 1. (ka) vahI, disambara 1978 pR. 18 (kha) vitteNa tANaM na labhe pmtte| imammi loe aduvA prtthaa|" 2. vahI, disambara 1978 pR. 18 3. rAMcI eksapresa (dainika) tA. 27/12/89 -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 4/5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 337 phalotpAdana zakti bhI manda hogI, aura usa samaya rAgadveSAdi pariNAma tIvra hoMge to phalotpAdana zakti bhI tIvra hogI, tathA phalapradAna karane yAnI phala bhugavAne kI avadhi ( kAlamaryAdA ) bhI lambI hogI / arthAt karma apanA phala tIvrarUpa meM aura dera se bhugvaaeNge|' duHkhavipAkasUtra meM aisI kaI duHkharUpa vipAka kI satya ghaTanAe~ aMkita kI haiM, jinameM karmabandha karate samaya una-una vyaktiyoM ke pariNAma atyanta krUra tathA hiMsAdi pApakarmoM ke karane meM Ananda mAnane kI tIvratA se yukta the, unake anyAya, atyAcAra evaM hiMsA, asatya, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, Adi ke pApakarma kA ghaTa dinAnudina tejI se bharatA jA rahA thA, kintu jaba phala bhogane (karmavipAka) kA samaya AyA to utanI hI tIvratA aura utanI hI kAlamaryAdA ke bAda unheM atyanta duHkhada phala bhogane pdd'e| ikkAI ko usake pUrva janma ke atyAcAroM aura pApa karmoM ke phalasvarUpa janmAndha mRgAputra ke rUpa meM phalabhoga prApta honA isa tathya kA sAkSI hai| mRgAputra kevala mAMsa kA golamaTola piNDa banA thA usakI mAM jo bhI use khilAtI vaha sar3akara bAhara nikala jAtA thA, durgandha mAratA thaa| isI prakAra karmoM kA phala bhI pariNAmoM kI dhArA, tathA kAla - maryAdA ke anusAra bhoganA par3atA hai / karmoM ke phalabhoga kI kAlasImA karmoM ke phalabhoga kI kAlasImA madya kI bhAMti samajhanI caahie| kisI madya kA nazA jaldI hI car3ha jAtA hai, kisI kA dera se; parantu nazA avazya hI car3hatA hai| isI prakAra kisI madya kA nazA thor3I dera taka rahatA hai, to kisI madya kA nazA dera taka rahatA hai| jaise madyapAna karane ke bAda use nazA paidA karane ke lie arthAt-madyasevana kA phala bhugavAne ke lie kucha samaya to avazya hI apekSita hai| vaise hI karma bhI apanA phala tatkAla hI pradAna nahIM krte| kAla-paripAka hone para hI ve apanA phala bhugavAnA (denA) prArambha karate haiN| kucha karma aise hote haiM jo antarmuhUrta bhara meM hI turaMta apanA phala denA prArambha kara dete haiM, aura jaba taka unakI kAlAvadhi (sthiti) rahatI hai, taba taka ve phala bhugavAte rahate haiN| kucha karma aise hote haiM, jo kucha dina, mahIne yA varSoM ke pazcAt apanA phala pradAna karate haiN| kucha karma aise bhI hote haiM, jo isase bhI lambA kAla vyatIta hone para * apanA phala bhugavAte haiN| aura kaI karma aise bhI hote haiM, jo janma-janmAntara taka saMcita par3e rahate haiM, sAtha-sAtha calate haiM, aura aneka janmoM ke bAda apanA phala bhugavAte haiN| 1. dekheM- karmavAda : eka adhyayana (sureza muni) pR. 61-62 2. dekheM-duHkhavipAka sUtra : prathama adhya 3. dekheM - karmavAda : eka adhyayana pR. 63 For Personal & Private Use Only

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338 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma ( 5 ) vyAkhyA prajJapti sUtra meM isa tathya ko vizeSa rUpa se spaSTa kiyA gayA hai- "pichale janma meM kiye hue karmoM (ke phala) ko isa loka (janma) meM bhogA jAtA hai, tathaiva isa loka (janma) meM kiye hue karmoM ke (phala) ko isa loka (janma) meM bhogA jAtA hai|' karmoM kA phalabhoga zIghra, dera se aura tatkAla : kyoM aura kaise? 119 tAtparya yaha hai ki jina karmoM kI sthiti (kAlasImA) atyanta alpa hotI hai, ve to antarmuhUrta meM hI apanA phala zubha yA azubha rUpa meM tathA tIvra-manda rUpa meM pradAna kara dete haiM / kintu jina karmoM kI sthiti dIrghakAlIna hotI hai, ve apanI kAlasthiti ke anurUpa dIrghakAla ke pazcAt udaya meM Ate haiM, phalonmukha hote haiM aura apanA phala kartA ke tIvramanda pariNAmAnurUpa bhugavAte haiN| ve janma-janmAntara taka AtmA ke sAtha calate rahate haiM. aura hajAroM-lAkhoM janmoM ke bAda apane karmoM kA zubhAzubha phala bhugavAte haiN| jainakarmavijJAna ke isa tathya ko vyAvahArika rUpa se yoM bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaise - manuSya bhojana karatA hai, to bhojana meM grahaNa kiye hue dUdha, phala, cAvala, dAla, roTI, sAga Adi padArtha peTa meM DAlate hI turaMta rasa, rakta Adi ke rUpa meM pariNata nahIM ho jaate| peTa meM bhojana pahuMcane ke bAda kucha dera taka ve khAdya padArtha pacate haiM, tatpazcAt rasa, rakta, vIrya, majjA, mAMsa Adi ke rUpa meM unakA pariNamana hotA hai| yadi vyakti dAla, bhAta, daliyA, roTI, sAga Adi zIghra pacane vAle padArthoM kA AhAra karatA hai to zIghra hI unakA paripAka ho jAne se unakA rasa, rakta, vIrya Adi ke rUpa meM zIghra hI pariNamana ho jAtA hai| isake viparIta yadi vaha khIra, pUr3I, halavA, miThAI, talI huI Adi gariSTha cIjoM kA AhAra karatA hai, to unakA paripAka (pAcana) bhI dera se hotA hai, phalataH unakA rasa, rakta, vIrya Adi ke rUpa meM pariNamana bhI dera se hotA hai| kintu kucha auSadhiyA~ tathA iMjekzana aise bhI haiM, jinake lete hI tatkAla ye apanA prabhAva dikhalAte haiN| atIva zIghra usakA phalAnubhava ho jAtA hai| isIlie sarvarthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai- "karma baMdhate hI zIghra apanA phala denA prArambha nahIM karate; apitu jisa prakAra bhojana karate hI turanta na pacakara jaTharAgni kI tIvratA - mandatA ke anusAra pacatA hai, usI prakAra karmoM kA vipAka bhI kaSAyoM kI tIvratA mandatA ke anusAra hotA hai| ataH karmoM kA phala denA kartA ke kaSAyoM para nirbhara hai| yadi 9. " para loga kaDA kammA ihaloe veijjati, ihaloga kaDA kammA ihaloe veijjati / " 2. (ka) dekheM - karmavAda : eka adhyayana, pR. 64-65 (kha) tattvArtha- sarvArthasiddhi (A. pUjyapAda) 8/2 pR. 377 For Personal & Private Use Only - bhagavatIsUtra

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 339 tIvra kaSAyapUrvaka karmoM kA Anava (yA baMdha) huA hai, to karma kucha samaya bAda zIghra hI atyadhika prabalatApUrvaka phala pradAna karane lagate haiN| isake viparIta mandakaSAyapUrvaka hue karmabandha se karma kA vipAka dera se hotA hai|" karmavipAka ke isa niyama ko samajhanA caahie| hiMsaka kI samRddhi aura arhad bhakta kI daridratA : pApAnubaMdhI puNya tathA puNyAnubaMdhI pApa ke kAraNa isa vizva meM bahuta-se pApI, hiMsaka, para-pIr3aka, anyAyI, atyAcArI yA durAcArI isa janma meM sukhI, samRddha aura phalate-phUlate najara Ate haiM, to usakA mUla kAraNa yahI hai ki unake pApa karmoM meM tIvratama pariNAmoM ke kAraNa duHkharUpa phala dene kI zakti adhikatama aura kAlamaryAdA bhI lambI par3I huI hai| unake pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa tatkAla bandhane vAle karma lambe samaya bAda udaya meM tIvrarUpa meM udaya meM Ae~ge, phalonmukha hoMge aura avazya hI phala bhugvaaeNge| isI prakAra koI dharmAtmA puruSa duHkhI, daridra aura vipadgrasta dikhAI par3e, itane mAtra se yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki usake dvArA kiye jAne vAle zubha karma yA zuddha (abandhaka) karma niSphala haiN| jainakarma vijJAna ke AcAryoM kI spaSTa udghoSaNA hai ki "hiMsaka vyakti kI samRddhi aura arhad bhakti parAyaNa puruSa kI daridratA kramazaH unake dvArA pUrvakRta pApAnubandhI puNyakarma aura puNyAnubaMdhI pApakarma ke kAraNa hai| ye donoM prakAra ke *azubha-zubha karma kabhI niSphala nahIM hote| janmAntara meM ina donoM karmoM kA phala avazya bhoganA pdd'egaa| ataH karma karmaphala aura karmaphalabhoga meM kArya kAraNabhAva kA koI ullaMghana nahIM hai| "" ghora pApakarma kA phala kaI janmoM bAda bhI, eka janma meM bhI . antakRddazAsUtra meM varNana hai - gajasukumAla muni ke sira para dhadhakate aMgAre rakhakara muni hatyA karane kI jo ceSTA somila brAhmaNa dvArA huI hai, vaha bhI gajasukumAla ke jIva ke 99 lAkha janmoM pUrva somila ke jIva ke sAtha bAMdhe hue vaira kA vipAka hai| saumila kI bhI dUsare dina munihatyA ke ghora pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa duHkhada mRtyu huii| 1. " yA hiMsAvato'pi samRddhiH, arhatpUjAvato'pi dvAridryAvAptiH, sA krameNa prAgupAttasya pApAnubandhinaH puNyasya, puNyAnubandhinaH pApasya ca phalam / tatkriyopAttaM tu karma janmAntare phaliSyanti itinAtra niyatakArya-kAraNa-bhAvavyabhicAraH / " - sthAnAMga, abhayadevavRttiH / 2. dekheM - antakRtadazAMga sUtra varga 3 a. 8 meM gajasukumAla varNana For Personal & Private Use Only

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340 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5). duHkhavipAka aura sukhavipAka meM karmaphala bhoga kA sajIva citraNa karmavijJAna ke sandarbha meM vipAka sUtra meM sukhavipAka aura duHkhavipAka donoM zrutaskandhoM meM karmaphala-bhoga ke sajIva citra prastuta kiye haiN| unameM prathama zrutaskandha ke 10 adhyayana duHkharUpa phalaprApti ke aura dvitIya zrutaskandha ke 10 adhyayana sukharUpa phala prApti ke haiN| duHkhavipAkasUtra meM siMhapura ke anyAyI-atyAcArI durAtmA pApakarmA siMharaya nareza ke putra duryodhana daNDanAyaka kA AkhyAna hai| sattA, pada, evaM vaibhava ke naze meM duryodhana daNDanAyaka (phaujadAra) kisI ko jAna se maravA DAlatA, kisI ko satAtA, duHkha detA athavA logoM ko lUTa letA, kisI mahilA kA zIlaharaNa kara letaa| isa prakArakA krUratApUrNa jIvana bitAte hue use bahuta-sA samaya vyatIta ho gayA thaa| duHkha dene kA phala duHkha hI milatA hai| isa bAta ko vaha bhUla gayA thaa| sattA ke mada meM Akara vaha kahA karatA-"kauna tIsamArakhAM mere sAmane Tika sakatA hai ?" duryodhana ko puNya kamAne ke lie dhana aura sAdhana mile the, kintu vaha viparIta dRSTi kA hone se adhikAdhika pApakarma karatA gyaa| dUsaroM ko duHkha dene kA antima phala duHkha hI hotA hai, isa bAta ko vaha bhUla gayA thaa| usake kSaNika sukha para anantakAla ke duHkhoM ke bIja par3e hue the| ___pApakarma eka dina udaya meM avazya AtA hai| yahI hAla pApakarma ke pAgala bane hue madAndha duryodhana kA huaa| mRtyu se pUrva vaha asahya roga se pIr3ita huaa| vaidya-hakImoM ke sabhI upAya niSphala hue| vaha dIrghakAla taka asahya dAruNa vedanA bhogakara riba-ribakara mraa| aura apane krUra karmoM ke phalasvarUpa 22 sAgaropama kI sthitivAle naraka meM gyaa| vahA~ se yAtanApUrNa jIvana bitAkara mathurA-nagarI meM zrIdAma rAjA ke yahA~ nandIvarddhana nAmaka putrarUpa meM janma liyaa| parantu yahA~ bhI usake mUla kusaMskAra gaye nhiiN| duSTa buddhipUrvaka socane lagA-pitA ke hAtha meM rAjya rahegA, taba taka maiM sukhI nahIM ho skuuNgaa| pitA jIvita haiM, taba taka mere hAtha meM rAjya nahIM A skegaa| ataH pitA ko maravA DAlanA caahie| isa prakAra kI rAkSasI bhAvanA ko kriyAnvita karane ke lie citta nAmaka eka nApita ko maMtrIpada kA lobha dekara sAdha liyaa| parantu kisI ke prANa lenA AsAna na thaa| nApita jyoM hI ustare se rAjA ke mastaka para ghAva karanA cAhatA thA tyoM hI bhayavaza hAtha ruka gyaa| rAjA usake manobhAva ko tAr3a gyaa| rAjA ke dvArA use abhayadAna kA AzvAsana milane se usane sArI bAta spaSTa kara dii| rAjA ne turaMta yuvarAja naMdivarddhana ko - 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra prathama zrutaskandha (duHkhavipAka) meM chaThA adhyayana (nandivardhana) pR. 71 se 77 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmaphala : yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ? 341 giraphtAra krvaayaa| turanta ghoSaNA karavAI ki yuvarAja kA rAjyAbhiSeka karanA hai| nagara ke mukhya cauka meM rAjyAbhiSeka kI taiyArI kI gii| sIse aura tA~be kA ubalatA huA atyanta garma rasa svayaM apane hAtha se rAjA ne naMdivardhana ke sira para ur3ela kara yuvarAja kA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| isa prakAra duryodhana ke jIva nandivardhana ko pUrvajanmakRta evaM ihajanmakRta duSkarmoM kA vipAka (phalabhoga) prApta ho gyaa| jainakarmavijJAna meM anekAntadRSTi se karmaphalabhoga kA siddhAnta vastutaH atIta karmoM kA phala hamArA vartamAna jIvana hai aura vartamAna karmoM kA phala hamArA bhAvI jIvana hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki kaI karmoM kA phalabhoga turaMta mila jAtA hai, kaI karmoM kA phala isa janma meM milatA haiM, para kucha dera se, kaI karmoM kA phalabhoga AgAmI janma yA janmoM meM milatA hai| kaI pUrvajanma yA janmoM meM kiye hue karmoM kA phala AgAmI eka yA aneka janmoM meM milatA hai| yaha bAta karma ke udaya ke adhIna hai| jaba bhI karma udaya meM AtA hai, taba usa-usa karma yA karmoM kA phalabhoga jIva ko dera-sabera se prApta hotA hai| jainakarmavijJAna isa viSaya meM vizada aura spaSTa vizleSaNa karatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? karma-mahAvRkSa eka : usake puSpa-phalAdi asaMkhya aura ananta karma eka mahAvRkSa hai| usakI agaNita zAkhAe~ (DAliyA~ aura TahaniyA~) haiN| usake asaMkhya patte aura puSya haiN| usake ananta phala haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke anusAra rAga aura dveSa, ye karma-mahAvRkSa ke bIja haiN| karma moha se utpanna hotA hai; isalie moha karmavRkSa kA' mUla hai| sAtha hI karma janma-maraNarUpa saMsAra kA mUla hai| aura janmamaraNa hI duHkha kA mUla hai|' mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda aura kaSAya, ye cAroM karmavRkSa ko aMkurita karate haiN| ataH moharUpI mUla se hI ye aMkura-catuSTaya phUTate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM ye cAroM mohotpanna aMkura haiN| tRSNA, kAmanA, vAsanA, lAlasA, Asakti, gRddhi Adi vividha vRttiyA~ usakI latAe~ haiM; jo karma-mahAvRkSa se lipaTI huI haiN| ve karma ko uttejita karake janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra meM vRddhi karatI haiN| mana-vacana-kAyA ke yoga se hone vAlI vividha pravRttiyA~, halacaleM, kampana, Adi karmamahAvRkSa kI agaNita zAkhAe~ haiN| karma kI jJAnAvaraNIya Adi aSTavidha mUlaprakRtiyA~ tathA unakI uttaraprakRtiyA~ usakI prazAkhAe~ (DAliyA~ va TahaniyA~) haiN| karmoM ke Asrava aura bandha ke asaMkhya prakAra aura pariNAmarUpa paryAya karmamahAvRkSa ke patte (patra) haiN| zubha aura azubha karma athavA puNyakarma aura pApakarma tathA usake asaMkhya pariNAmarUpa paryAya karmavRkSa ke puSpa (phUla) haiN| __zAstrIya bhASA meM kaheM to karmarUpI mahAvRkSa ke zabda kI apekSA asaMkhyAta bheda haiN| anantAnanta pradezAtmaka skandhoM ke pariNamana kI apekSA karma ke ananta bheda hote haiN| jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke avibhAgI praticchedoM kI apekSA bhI usake ananta bheda kahe jAte haiN| 1. rAgo ya doso vi ya kammabIyaM, kammaM ca mohappabhavaM vyNti| kammaM ca jAI-maraNassa mUlaM, dukkhaM ca jAI-maraNaM vyNti| -uttarAdhyayana, 32/6 2. (ka) dekheM-uttarAdhyayana (23/48) meM-bhavataNhA layA vuttA bhiimaa-bhiimphlodyaa| (kha) "moho hao jassa na hoi tnnhaa|"-uttraadhyyn 32/8 (ga) mahAbaMdho bhAga 1 kI prastAvanA (paM. sumerucandra divAkara) se pR. 73. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma - mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 343 isake atirikta AtmA ke jJAna-darzana para AvaraNa, Atmika sukha aura dAnAdi zaktiyoM kA avarodha, moha-mUr3hatA, samyaktva - mUr3hatA, Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi, saMkaTa, dInatA dAridrya Adi duHkhAnubhava, tathA azubhagati, jAti, zarIra, aMgopAMga Adi, tathA nIcagotra Adi azubha; evaM sukhazAnti, tana-mana kI svasthatA, dIrghAyuSya, saubhAgya, susvaratA, sugati, uccagotra, paMcendriya jAti, zubha aMgopAMga, zarIra kA acchA gaThana, acchA DhAMcA, sundara AkRti, zubha sparza-rasa- gandha-varNa, Atapa, udyota, zubha vihAyogati Adi zubha; karma rUpI mahAvRkSa ke tIvra - mandAdi anubhAgoM (rasoM) tathA pradezoM aura sthitiyA~ meM tAratamya ke anusAra ananta zubhAzubha phala haiN| jainakarmavijJAna : karma ke mUla se lekara phala taka kA tathA usase mukti kA sAMgopAMga prarUpaka jainakarmavijJAna karma-mahAvRkSa ke astitva ko siddha karake batAtA hai, vaise hI karma mahAvRkSa ke mUla se lekara phala taka ke agaNita aMgopAMgoM kA bhI bahuta kuzalatA aura vicakSaNatApUrvaka karmazAstra dvArA paricaya karAtA hai| sAtha hI karma vijJAna kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAna-ajJAna, bhavya, saMjJA, Adi mArgaNAsthAna, 14 mukhya jIvasthAna aura 14 guNa-sthAna Adi ke mAdhyama se gaNanA (kampyuTariMga) karake pratyeka saMsArI jIva ke kSaNa-kSaNa meM Ane vAle aura baMdhane vAle karmoM aura unake phaloM kA phalAdeza batA detA hai| jainakarmavijJAna itanA hI batAkara nahIM raha jAtA, vaha yaha bhI batA detA hai ki karma kaise Ate haiM? kaise baMdhate haiM ? kaba taka kauna-sA karma, jIva ke sAtha rahatA hai ? sAtha hI jIva karma kyoM, kaise aura kisa mAdhyama se karatA hai ? unakA phala kaise bhogatA hai ? kauna una karmoM kA phala bhugavAtA hai ? jisa prakAra phala pakane ke bAda vRkSa se jhar3a jAte haiM, kaI phala A~dhI Adi se jhar3a jAte haiM, kaI phaloM ko kacce hI tor3a kara pAla meM rakhakara zIghra pakA liye jAte haiM; isI prakAra baddhakarma kA kAla-paripAka ho jAne para ve phala bhugatA (de) kara turanta jhar3a jAte haiM; karmavRkSa se alaga ho jAte haiN| karmavijJAna ne karmakSayopAya ke sambandha meM dazAzrutaskandha meM batAyA hai ki jisa vRkSa kA mUla sUkha gayA ho, use kitanA hI sIMcA jAe vaha aMkurita nahIM hotA, isI prakAra moharUpI mUla kA kSaya ho jAne para karma bhI phira aMkurita (prAdurbhAva ) nahIM hote|' karmavijJAna ne yaha bhI batAyA ki jo vyakti karmoM ko phalonmukha hone se pahale hI 1. dekheM dazAzrutaskandha (5/14 ) meM - " sukkamUle jahA rukkhe, siccamANe na rohati / evaM kammA na rohati mohaNijje khayaM gae ||" For Personal & Private Use Only

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344 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) saMkramaNa -karaNoM ke mAdhyama se zIghra hI bhoga lete haiM, unheM karma-phala punaH bhogane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| ve karmavRkSa se karmoM ko pRthak kara dete haiN| itanA hI nahIM, jainakarma vijJAna una karmoM kA vargIkaraNa unake svabhAva (prakRti) ke anusAra karatA hai, una karmoM ke karane meM tIvra-manda rasa ke anusAra unakI sthiti kA nirdhAraNa bhI karatA hai, unakI sattA (saMcita ) meM rahane kI bhI sAmAnya rUpa se avadhi batAtA hai| karma phalabhog2a ke samaya agaNita phala vAle vRkSa ke rUpa meM karma siddhAnta ke anusAra yaha phalita hotA hai ki karma eka prakAra se phalabhoga kI taiyArI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to - "karma phalabhoga kA prArambhika bIja hai / phira vahI karmabIja phalabhoga ke samaya vRkSa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| jisake agaNita phala lagate . haiM, ve pakane para jhar3a jAte haiM phira naye phala Ate haiM, aura yathAsamaya jhar3ate jAte haiN| kaI loga udIraNA dvArA, nirjarA yA saMkramaNa dvArA samaya se pahale pakA kara phalopabhoga kara lete haiN|" karma-mahAvRkSa ke asaMkhya patra - puSpa - phaloM kI gaNanA karanA azakya : kyoM aura kaise ? isa vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki karmarUpI mahAvRkSa ke asaMkhya patra, puSpa haiM aura ananta phala haiN| jisa prakAra kisI phaladAra vRkSa ke patra, puSpa aura phala kI ginatI sAmAnya mAnava ke dvArA nahIM kI jA sakatI, usI prakAra karmarUpI mahAvRkSa ke patroM, puSpoM aura phaloM kI gaNanA karanA chadmastha athavA alpajJa ke lie kaThina hai| kyoMki karma vijJAna ke anusAra pahale to karma kI mukhya-mukhya mUla prakRtiyoM ke anusAra ATha bheda haiM, phira unakI uttara - prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA 148 athavA 158 hai / phira unake ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya aura paMcendriya meM bhI nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva, ina kula 563 prakAra ke jIvoM kI apekSA se, tathA unake bhI caturdaza guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se, aura phira gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAnaajJAna, bhavya, abhavya, saMjJI- asaMjJI, AhAra, saMyama, darzana, lezyA Adi mArgaNA dvAroM kI apekSA se gaNanA karane para karma ke hajAroM prakAra ho jAte haiN| tatpazcAt yadi hajAroM karma-prakAroM ke pratyeka jIva ke pratikSaNa kI bandha, saMkramaNa, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, sattA, udaya, udIraNA, upazamana, nidhatti aura nikAcanA, ina daza avasthAoM ke tIvra, manda adhyavasAyoM (bhAvoM) kI dRSTi se karmaparyAyoM kI gaNanA karane lageM, eka-eka karma kI uttaraprakRtiyoM ke asaMkhya paryAyoM kI For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma- mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 345 apekSA se bhI karmaphaloM kI gaNanA karane lageM to agaNita prakAra ho jAte haiN| ataH karmamahAvRkSa ke ina asaMkhya karmaphaloM kI gaNanA kevalajJAnI vItarAga paramAtmA ke sivAya sAmAnya mAnava tathA alpajJa aura chadmastha manuSya nahIM kara sakatA / ' sarvajJa Apta vItarAga paramAtmA dvArA karma ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phaloM kA nirUpaNa ataH una parama kRpAlu vItarAga anantajJAnAdicatuSTayanidhAna paramAtmA ne mUla karma-prakRtiyoM ke phala kA digdarzana karAyA hai, sAtha hI unhoMne jainAgamoM meM yatra-tatra jIvoM ke vividha pariNAmoM ke anusAra karmabandha kA nirdeza karake viziSTa karmaprakAroM ke vizeSa phala kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai / jijJAsu aura mumukSu vyakti yadi una karmaphala sUtroM para cintana-manana-nididhyAsana kare to anumAna hai ki usake antaHkaraNa meM karmoM ke Anava aura bandha ke prati virakti, virati aura jAgarUkatA, satarkatA aura sAvadhAnI udita evaM jAgRta hue binA rahegI / jaina karma-vijJAna jijJAsuoM ko karma ke anantara aura paramparAgata phala, ina donoM prakAra ke phaloM kI apekSA se karmaphala para manana-manthana karanA caahie| jJAnAvaraNIya Adi aSTavidha karma prakRtiyoM ke phalabhoga kA nirdeza yaha to nizcita hai ki pratyeka jIva apane dvArA pUrvakRta karma kA phala (vipAka) tabhI bhogatA hai, jaba vaha kRtakarma udaya meM A jaae| saMcita (sattA meM ) par3e hue karma taba taka apanA phala nahIM dete, jaba taka usa karma kA abAdhAkAla pUrNa na ho jaae| isI prakAra yaha bhI nizcita hai ki pratyeka karma apanI mUla prakRti (svabhAva) ke anusAra phala-vipAka dete haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA phala vipAka hai-usa karma ke udayakAla meM jIva ke jJAnaguNa ko AvRta krnaa| yaha udaya bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai-sApekSa udaya (ghAtaka * pudgaloM ke AghAta se, tathA indriyoM ke upaghAta se) aura nirapekSa udaya | jJAnaguNa ke AvRta ho jAne para usa jIva kI buddhi, smRti, par3hane-likhane kI zakti, sphuraNAzakti, nirNayazakti, nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNazakti, vastutattva kA vizleSaNa karane kI zakti manda, mandatara, mandatama ho jAtI hai, kuNThita aura lupta sI ho jAtI hai| isa karma ke udaya se 1. karma ke vipAkAnusAra phaloM kI jAnakArI ke lie dekheM - karmagrantha, paMcasaMgraha, karmaprakRti, gommaTasAra Adi grantha / 2. dekheM - prajJApanA sUtra (khaNDa-3) ke 23 veM karma prakRti pada meM jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke anubhAva viSayaka carcA, dvAra 5, sU. 1679 vivecana ( A. pra. samiti, byAvara ) pR. 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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346 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) jIva jAnane yogya (jJAtavya ) kA jJAna nahIM kara pAtA, jijJAsA hone para bhI jAnane meM samartha nahIM hotA, athavA pahale jAnakara bAda meM isa karma ke udaya se nahIM jAna pAtA, usakA jJAna tirohita ho jAtA hai| ' darzanAvaraNIya karma kA phala vipAka hai-usa karma ke udayakAla meM jIva kI (indriyoM aura mana-buddhi Adi antaHkaraNa se ) darzana (sAmAnya jJAna yA sAmAnya anubhava) karane kI zakti ko DhAMka denA / AtmA ke darzanaguNa ke AvRta ho jAne para jIva kisI bhI sajIva-nijIva padArtha kA bAhyakaraNa aura antaHkaraNa se sAmAnyajJAna (darzana karane, anubhava karane) meM manda, mandatara evaM mandatama ho jAtA hai| avadhidarzanAvaraNIya evaM kevaladarzanAvaraNIya ye donoM AtmA se hone vAle sAmAnya jJAna ko AvRta kara dete haiN| vedanIya karma kA phala vipAka hai - jIva ko sukha aura duHkha kA saMvedana (anubhava) kraanaa| asAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya hone para sukha ke sAdhana vidyamAna hote hue bhI sukha kA anubhava nahIM kara sktaa| isI prakAra sAtAvedanIya kA udaya hone para duHkha ke sAdhana vidyamAna hote hue bhI vyakti duHkha kA anubhava nahIM karatA, balki sukhAnubhava karatA hai| mohanIya karma kA phala vipAka hai- udaya meM Ane para AtmA ke samyaktva guNa ko kuNThita aura avaruddha kara DAlatA hai, isase kisI ko mithyAtva kA, kisI ko mizra kA aura kisI ko prazamAdi pariNAmoM kA vedana hotA hai| kaSAya kA vedana hone para krodhAdi pariNAmoM kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| nokaSAya kA vedana hone para hAsyAdi kA pariNAma ho jAtA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki mohanIya karma kA sAkSAt phala AtmA ke jJAna, darzana (samyaktva) aura cAritra guNoM kA ghAta aura kuNThita karanA hai| AyuSyakarma kA phalavipAka hai - isa karma ke udaya meM Ane para paranimitta (zastrAdi se, athavA viSa, anna Adi) se athavA svabhAvataH (zIta, uSNAdirUpa pudgala pariNAmoM se, athavA roga, AtaMka, bhaya, cintA, zoka Adi se) bhujyamAna Ayu kA apavartana (hrAsa) honaa| tathA narakAyu Adi karmoM ke udaya se narakAyu Adi karmoM kA svataH vedana honA / nAmakarma kA phalavipAka hai - nAmakarma ke udaya meM Ane para iSTa zabdAdi 14 prakAra ke zubha nAmakarma ke phala kA, aura isake viparIta inhIM aniSTazabdAdi 14 prakAra azubha nAmakarma ke phala kA vedana honaa| ye donoM svanimittaka evaM para-nimittaka donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| 1. prajJApanAsUtra prameya bodhinI TIkA bhAga 5, pR. 185-186 2. jinavANI, karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karmavipAka" lekha se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 121 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 347 gotrakarma kA phalavipAka hai- ucca gotrakarma ke udaya meM Ane para uccajAti, kula, bala, rUpa, tapa, zruta, lAbha aura aizvarya kI viziSTatA kA, tathA nIcagotrakarma ke udaya meM Ane para nIca jAti Adi kI viziSTatA kA anubhAva honA / tAtparya yaha hai ki uccagotra karma ke udaya meM Ane para usa-usa dravya ke saMyoga se yA viziSTa puruSa ke saMyoga se nIca jAti Adi meM janmA yA saMyoga prApta vyakti bhI kula, bala Adi se sampanna hokara lokapriyatA kA phala prApta karatA hai, usakI prasiddhi, prazaMsA evaM yazakIrti bar3ha jAtI hai| isake viparIta nIca gotra karma ke udaya se ucca jAti Adi meM utpanna yA saMyoga prApta vyakti bhI badanAma evaM apakIrti bhAjana, kalaMkita bana jAtA hai, usa vyakti ko isa rUpa phala saMvedana hotA hai| antarAya karma kA phala vipAka hai-isa karma ke udaya meM Ane para dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upayoga evaM vIrya meM antarAya (vighna) A jAnA, dAnAdi kI zakti kuNThita ho jAnA, tapazcaryA kI zakti meM bAdhA par3anA / " yaha huI sAmAnya rUpa se aSTavidha mUla karma prakRtiyoM ke phala bhoga kI saMkSipta jhA~kI / phaladAna kI dRSTi se karmoM kA jAtigata aSTavidha vargIkaraNa niSkarSa yaha hai ki saMsAra-avasthA meM karma phaladAna kI dRSTi se jIva (AtmA) kI anujIvI aura pratijIvI, donoM prakAra kI zaktiyoM kA ghAta karatA hai / isa dRSTi se karma ke aneka bheda-prabheda ho jAte haiN| kintu karmavijJAna-puraskartA sarvajJa tIrthaMkaroM tathA unake anugAmI AcAryoM evaM manISI munivaroM ne jAti kI apekSA se karma kA vargIkaraNa karake use ATha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara diyaa| ve ATha prakAra ye haiM (1) jJAnAvaraNIya, (2) darzanAvaraNIya, (3) vedanIya, (4) mohanIya karma (5) AyuSya karma, (6) nAmakarma, (7) gotrakarma aura (8) antarAya karma / 1. dekheM - prajJApanAsUtra ke 23 veM karmaprakRti pada ke anubhAva dvAra kA vivecana ( A. pra. samiti, byAvara) 1020 se 26 taka ( tRtIya khaNDa) 2. dekheM- "NANAvaraNijjassa NaM bhaMte! kammassa jIveNa baddhassa puTThassa, baddha phAsa-puTThassa, saMcitassa, ciyassa, uvacitassa, AvAgapattassa, vivAgapattassa, phalapattassa, udayapattassa, jIveNaM kaDassa jIveNa Nivvattiyassa, jIveNaM pariNAmiyassa, sayaM vA udiNaNssa pareNa vA udIriyassa, tadubhayeNa vA udIrijjamANassa, gatiM pappa, ThitiM pappa, bhavaM pappa, poggalaM pappa, poggalapariNAmaM pappa kativihe aNubhAve paNNatte ?" - prajJApanA sUtra ke 23veM karmaprakRti pada ke paMcama anubhAva dvAra kA jJAnAvaraNIyakarmaphalasambandhI prshn| isI prakAra ke aSTa karma sambandhI prazna ke karmaphala kI vicitratA samajha lenI caahie| -saM. For Personal & Private Use Only

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348 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ye AThoM hI karma phaladAna kI dRSTi se AtmA (jIva ) kI anujIvI yA pratijIvI kina-kina zaktiyoM ko AvRta, kuNThita, vikRta aura vilupta kara dete haiM, isakA saMkSepa meM nirupaNa isa prakAra hai jJAnAvaraNIya karma-jIva (AtmA) kI jJAnazakti ko AvRta karatA hai, isa kAraNa isakI jJAnAvaraNIya saMjJA hai| isake mukhyatayA pAMca bheda haiN| darzanAvaraNIya karma-jIva (AtmA) kI darzana (sAmAnya, nirAkAra jJAna ) zakti ko AvRta karatA hai, isa kAraNa isakI darzanAvaraNIya saMjJA hai| isake mukhyatayAM nI bheda haiN| vedanIya karma - jIva ko sukha aura duHkha kA vedana ( anubhava ) karAtA hai, isa kAraNa isakI vedanIya saMjJA hai| isake mukhyatayA do bheda haiN| mohanIya karma - yaha jIva meM rAga-dveSa-moha ko utpanna karAtA hai| tathA usakI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra evaM samyak tapa kI zakti ko kuNThita, vilupta evaM vikRta kara detA hai| isa karma ke udaya se jIva mohamUr3ha hokara yathArtha rUpa se vastu svarUpa ko jAna nahIM pAtA, mAna nahIM pAtA (usa para zraddhA aura ruci nahIM kara pAtA), tathA samyak rUpa se AcaraNa nahIM kara pAtA athavA AcaraNa zakti ko yaha kuNThita evaM vilupta kara detA hai| isI kAraNa isakI mohanIya saMjJA hai| isake mukhyatayA do bheda haiM-darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya / darzanamohanIya ke tIna aura cAritramohanIya ke paccIsa bheda haiN| nAmakarma- - yaha jIva ke zarIra, vacana, mana kI, tathA gati, jAti, indriya Adi kI pratijIvI zakti ko vividha avasthAoM meM, aneka vidha zubha-azubharUpoM meM namA-jhukA detA hai| isa prakAra kI vicitra zubhAzubha avasthAoM ke kAraNabhUta karma kI nAmakarma saMjJA hai| isake 93 bheda haiN| gotrakarma-sadAcAriyoM yA kadAcAriyoM kI paramparA meM janma lene, vaisA vAtAvaraNa milane athavA svIkAra karane kA kAraNabhUta karma gotrakarma hai| jaina karmavijJAna jJAtikRta (kauma yA varNakRta yA AjIvikAkRta) ucca nIca bheda ko nahIM maantaa| ye bheda guNakRta yA AcaraNakRta mAne jAte haiN| jo acche AcAra-vicAra, evaM saMskAra vAle kula yA vaMza kI paramparA meM janma lete haiM, ziSTa AcAra-vicAra ko dharmayukta susaMskRti kA svIkAra karake calate haiM, aise manuSyoM kI saMgati ko jIvana kA uccatama karttavya samajhate haiM, aura jIvana ke saMzodhana evaM susaMskaraNa meM sahAyaka AcAra-vicAra kA svIkAra evaM kriyAnvayana karate haiM, ve uccagotrI kahalAte haiM aura jo inake viruddha AcAra-vicAra vAle hote haiM, ve nIca gotrI ho jAte haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 349 nIca gotrI apane jIvana meM azubha AcAra-vicAra-saMskAra kA tyAga karake uccagotrI ho sakate haiN| aise vyakti gRhastha zrAvaka dharma tathA munidharma ke pAlana ke pUrNa adhikArI ho jAte haiN| ___ antarAyakarma-jIva (AtmA) kI dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ye pAMca anujIvI zaktiyA~ haiN| inheM AvRta aura kuNThita karane vAle karma ko antarAyakarma kahate haiN| isake pAMca bheda haiN|' karma ke ye AThoM hI bheda tathA prabheda phaladAna kI apekSA se kiye gae haiN| AThoM hI karma apanI-apanI prakRti ke anusAra, anubhAga kI tIvratA-mandatA ko lekara phaladAna dete haiN| jJAnAvaraNIyAdi aSTavidha karmoM ke phala kI vicitratA ... prajJApanAsUtra ke karma prakRti pada ke paMcama anubhAva dvAra meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi aSTavidha karmoM kA anubhAva (vipAka yA phala kA vedana-bhoga) kisa-kisa nimitta se, kaise-kaise aura kitane-kitane prakAra kA hotA hai ? isakI vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| aSTavidha karmoM ke vicitra vipAka ko hRdayaMgama karane se lAbha - karmavipAka kA jainakarmavijJAna ne bahuta hI vyavasthita DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA hai| karmavipAka ke bhI niyama hote haiN| una niyamoM ko jo vyakti bhalIbhA~ti hRdayaMgama kara letA hai, vaha karmoM kI nirjarA, saMvara aura kSaya karane kI sAdhanA aura ratnatrayarUpa dharma kI ArAdhanA acchI taraha kara sakatA hai| vaha bhaviSya meM ghaTita hone vAle athavA sambhAvita durbhAgya ko saubhAgya meM badala sakatA hai, nikAcita rUpa se baMdhe hue karmoM ko bhI phalabhoga ke samaya samabhAva se saharSa bhogakara kSINa kara sakatA hai, udaya meM Ane (phalonmukha hone) se pUrva karmoM kI sajAtIya prakRti, sthiti, rasa aura pradeza (mAtrA) ko badala sakatA hai| Ane vAlI burAiyoM aura vipadAoM se baca sakatA hai| aSTavidha karmoM ke vicitra evaM vibhinna vipAka kaise-kaise, kina nimittoM se . karmavipAka eka hI jIva ke isa janma aura pUrvajanma ke vibhinna aura vicitra prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| yaha dhyAna rahe ki aSTavidha karmoM ke ye anubhAva (karmaphalabhoga) usI jIva ke hote haiM, jisake dvArA vaha-vaha karma spRSTa, baddha, baddhaspRSTa, saMcita, cita, 1. mahAbaMdho bhAga 2 kI prastAvanA-(karma mImAMsA) (paM. phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI) se pR. 19-20 2. ina AThoM hI karmoM kI prakRti tathA svarUpa Adi kA vistRta nirUpaNa 'karmabandha kA virATa rUpa' nAmaka khaNDa meM dekheN|-sN. 3. jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAe~ se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 229 For Personal & Private Use Only

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350 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . upacita, ApAka (kiJcit pAka) ko prApta, vipAka-prApta, phala ko prApta, tathA udayaprApta, evaM kRta, niSpAdita aura pariNAmita ho,' tathA vaha karma yA to svayaM ke dvArA udIrita ho, yA dUsare ke dvArA udIrita (udIraNA-prApta) ho, yA phira donoM (sva-para) dvArA udIraNAprApta ho| phira ve karmavipAka (anubhAva) gati, sthiti, bhava, padgala aura pudgaloM ke pariNAma (ina paMca vidha nimittoM) ko pAkara vibhinna prakAra ke ho jAte haiN| .. jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA anubhAva (phala) dasa prakAra kA kaise-kaise? . ___ sarvaprathama jJAnAvaraNIya karma ko hI leN| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA anubhAva (phala-vipAka) pUrvokta baddha se lekara pudgala pariNAma ke kAraNoM ko lekara 10 prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai-(1) zrotrAvaraNa, (2) zrotra vijJAnAvaraNa, (3) netrAvaraNa, (4) netra vijJAnAvaraNa, (5) ghrANAvaraNa, (6) ghrANavijJAnAvaraNa, (7) rasAvaraNa, (8) rasa vijJAnAvaraNa, (9) sparzAvaraNa aura (10) sparza vijnyaanaavrnn| isa prakAra jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke baddha Adi kAraNoM se udaya meM Ane (phalonmukha hone para) zrotrAvaraNa Adi 10 prakAra kA AvaraNa rUpa anubhAva (phala-vipAka) batAyA ina daza vidha AvaraNoM meM do prakAra kA AvaraNa hai-eka hai-labdhi (kSayopazama) kA AvaraNa, aura dUsarA hai-upayoga kA aavrnn| zrotra (kAna) Adi pA~coM hI indriyoM ke kSayopazama (labdhi) rUpa aura upayoga rUpa AvaraNa hI jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA phala vizeSa hai| jinakA zarIra kuSTha Adi roga se upahata ho gayA ho, unheM sparzendriya sambandhI labdhi aura upayoga kA AvaraNa rUpa phala prApta hotA hai| jo jIva janma se andhe, lUle, naMgar3e, bahare, gUMge yA TUTe Adi haiM, yA bAda meM ho gae hoM, unheM netra, zrotra, rasanA, sparza Adi indriyoM se sambandhita labdhi aura upayoga kA AvaraNa rUpa phala prApta huA hai, aisA samajha lenA caahie|' inameM se ekendriya jIvoM ke jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke tIvra udaya se zrotra, netra, ghrANa, aura rasanAviSayaka labdhi aura upayoga AvRta hotA hai| dvIndriya jIvoM ke zrotra, netra aura ghrANa-sambandhI labdhi aura upayoga kA AvaraNa hotA hai| trIndriya jIvoM ke zrotra 1. baddha, spRSTa Adi padoM ke artha ke lie dekheM-prajJApanA suutr| 2. dekheM, prajJApanAsUtra (tRtIya khaNDa) ke 233 pada ke paMcama anubhAva dvAra ke sUtra 1679 kA anuvAda evaM mUlapATha (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR. 14 3. (ka) dekheM-prajJApanAsUtra ke 23veM pada ke s. 1679 ke uttarArddha kA anuvAda evaM vivecana (A. pra. sa. vyAvara) pR. 14,21 (kha) jaina tatva kalikA, kalikA 6, pR. 177 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 351 aura netra viSayaka labdhi aura upayoga kA, tathA caturindriya jIvoM ke zrotraviSayaka labdhi aura upayoga AvaraNa hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke trividha udaya se prApta nirapekSa evaM sApekSa phala jJAnAvaraNIya kA udaya tIna prakAra se hotA hai-(1) svayaM hI udaya ko prApta, (2) dUsare ke dvArA udIrita athavA (3) sva-para donoM ke dvArA udiirit| ina tInoM meM se kisI bhI prakAra se jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udaya se indriyoM kI labdhi aura upayoga kA AvaraNa rUpa phala prApta hotA hai| yaha udaya bhI sApekSa aura nirapekSa do prakAra hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karmapudgaloM kA nirapekSa udaya hone para jIva apane jAnane yogya (jJAtavya) padArtha kA jJAna nahIM kara pAtA, jAnane kI icchA hone para bhI jAnane meM samartha nahIM hotA; athavA pahale jAne hue padArtha ko bAda meM jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udaya se nahIM jAna pAtA; yA phira jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udaya se jIva kA jJAna tirohita (lupta) ho jAtA hai| sApekSa udaya kaise hotA hai, ise spaSTa karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM-jJAna kA upaghAta karane meM samartha tathA dUsare ke dvArA phaiMke gae yA prahAra karane meM sakSama kASTha, khaDga Adi eka pudgala yA bahuta-se pudgaloM se jJAna kA, yA jJAna pariNati kA upaghAta (nAza) ho jAtA hai| athavA bhakSita AhAra yA sevita peya padArtha kA pariNAma (pAcana Adi) ati duHkha janaka hotA hai; taba bhI jJAnapariNati kA upaghAta ho jAtA hai| yA phira svabhAvataH tIvra zIta, tIvra uSNa yA dhUpa Adi ke rUpa meM pariNata pudgala-pariNAma kA jaba vedana (anubhava) kiyA jAtA hai, taba bhI indriyoM ko kSati pahu~cane se jJAnapariNati kA upaghAta hotA hai| ina sApekSa kAraNoM se jIva indriyagocara jJAtavya vastu ko nahIM jAna paataa| yaha saba jJAnAvaraNIya karmabandha kA phala (anubhAva) hai|' darzanAvaraNIya karma ke nau prakAra ke anubhAva (phala) .. isI prakAra darzanAvaraNIya karma ke anubhAva ke bhI baddha, spRSTa Adi se lekara pudgala-pariNAma taka ke ve hI pUrvokta kAraNa mUlapATha meM batAe gae haiN| darzanAvaraNIya karma ke anubhAva (phala) nau prakAra ke batAe haiM-(1) nidrA, (2) nidrA-nidrA, (3) pracalA, (4) pracalA-pracalA, (5) styAnarddhi, evaM (6) cakSudarzanAvaraNa, (7) acakSudarzanAvaraNa, (8) avadhidarzanAvaraNa aura (9) kevl-drshnaavrnn| pAMcoM prakAra kI nidrAoM kA vedana darzanAvaraNIya karma ke udaya hone para isa karma ke phala ke rUpa meM hotA hai| nidrA Adi meM gati, sthiti, bhava, pudgala aura pudgala1. dekheM-prajJApanA-tRtIya khaNDa ke 23veM karma prakRti pada ke anubhAva dvAra ke sU. 1679 kA vivecana (jainAgama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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352 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5 (5) pariNAma ke nimitta se darzanAvaraNa meM taratamatA aura vizeSatA prApta hotI hai / dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva bhI nidrA Adi pA~coM meM viziSTa kAraNa hote haiN| jaise-dahI pIne para nIMda * adhika AtI hai, zIta pradhAna kSetra meM bhI nidrA adhika AtI hai, isI prakAra grISmakAla meM yA rAtri meM nIMda Ane lagatI hai, pravacana yA arucikara viSaya ke zravaNa meM dilacaspI na hone se nIMda Ane lagatI hai| zarAba yA nazIlI vastu ke yA nIMda kI goliyoM ke sevana se bhI nidrA, yA mUrcchA A jAtI hai|' gati Adi ke nimitta se karmaphala kA tIvra vipAka ubhayataH yahA~ yaha spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki gati Adi viziSTa vastuoM ke kAraNa, tathA sva-para evaM ubhaya se udIrita jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karma svataH parataH yA sva-para : phalonmukha (udaya ko prApta) hotA hai / isI dRSTi se gatiMpappa - koI karma kisI gativizeSa ko pAkara tIvra anubhAva (phala) vAlA ho jAtA hai / jaise- narakagati ko prApta karake jIva asAtAvedanIya kA tIvra anubhAva (phala) prApta karatA hai| narakagati meM nArakoM ke lie asAtAvedanIya jitanA tIvra hotA hai, utanA tiryaMcagati yA manuSyagati vAle jIvoM ke lie nahIM / isI prakAra ThiiMpappa - arthAt sthiti vizeSa ko - sarvotkRSTa sthiti ko prApta azubha-karma bAMdhA huA jIva mithyAtva ke samAna tIvra anubhAva (phala) kA bhAgI hotA hai| bhavaMpappa-bhava janma ko prApta karake / jaise - manuSyabhava yA tiryaJcabhava ko prApta karake jIva nidrArUpa darzanAvaraNIya karma kA vizeSa anubhAva (phala) prApta karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jJAnAvaraNIya Adi baddhakarma usa-usa gati, sthiti yA bhava ko prApta karake (para-nirapekSa hokara) svayaM phalAbhimukha (udaya ko prApta) hotA hai| kahIM-kahIM para-nimitta se bhI jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karma phalAbhimukha (udaya ko prApta) ho jAte haiN| poggalaM pappa-kisI pudgala vizeSa ko prApta karake / jaise- kisI ke dvArA roSa vaza yA dveSavaza pheMke kASTha, DaMDA, DhelA, patthara yA talavAra Adi ke yoga se yA phira kASTha, DhelA, patthara yA talavAra Adi pudgaloM ke akasmAt girane se yA prahAra se, AghAta se asAtAvedanIya Adi karma kA, athavA, krodhAdirUpa kaSAya mohanIya karma Adi ke udaya se anubhAva (phalabhoga) hotA hai| 1. (ka) prajJApanA khaNDa 3, pada 23 ke anubhAva dvAra ke sU. 1680 kA mUlapATha evaM vivecana ( A. pra. sa. byAvara ) pR. 15,21, 22 (kha) jainatattva kalikA, kalikA 6, pR. 178 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 353 poggalapariNAmaM pappa-kisI pudgala ke pariNAma ko prApta krke| arthAt-kisI pudgala-vizeSa ke pariNAma ke yoga se bhI koI karma udaya meM Akara phala bhugavAtA hai| jaise-madirApAna ke pariNAmasvarUpa jJAnAvaraNIya karma udaya meM Akara nidrA, mUrchA yA buddhi-bhraSTatA rUpa phala bhugavAtA hai| athavA khAye hue AhAra kA pAcana na hone se asAtAvedanIya kA udaya hokara atisAra, ajIrNa, UrdhvavAta (gaisa) Adi rogoM kA anubhAva (phalabhoga) karAtA hai|' darzanAvaraNIya karma ke nau prakAra ke anubhAva (phala) ke viSaya meM isI prakAra samajha lenA caahie| unameM se nidrAdi pAMca kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai nidrA-jisa nIMda se sukhapUrvaka jAgA jA ske| nidrA-nidrA-aisI gAr3hI nidrA, jo bar3I kaThinAI se bhaMga ho| pracalA-baiThe-baiThe Ane vAlI uuNgh| pracalA-pracalA-calate-phirate Ane vAlI nidraa| styAnarddhi-aisI pragAr3ha nidrA yA eka prakAra kI behozI, jisameM jIva apanI zakti se aneka guNI zakti pAkara nidrA hI nidrA meM prAyaH dina meM soce hue asAdhAraNa kArya kara DAlatA hai| cakSudarzanAvaraNIya Adi kA svarUpa-cakSudarzanAvaraNa-netra ke dvArA hone vAle darzana (sAmAnya upayoga) kA AvRta ho jaanaa| acakSudarzanAvaraNa-netra ke atirikta anya indriyoM se hone vAle sAmAnya upayoga (jJAna) kA AvRta ho jaanaa| avadhidarzanAvaraNa-avadhidarzana kA AcchAdita ho jaanaa| kevala-darzanAvaraNa-kevala darzana kA AvRta ho jAnA arthAt-kevaladarzana ko utpanna na hone denaa| darzanAvaraNIya karma ke phala prabhAva-jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI taraha darzanAvaraNIya karma meM bhI svayaM udaya ko prApta athavA dUsare ke dvArA yA donoM ke dvArA udIrita 'darzanAvaraNIya karma ke udaya (phalonmukha hone) se indriyoM ke kSayopazama (labdhi) aura sAmAnya upayoga kA AvaraNarUpa phala prApta hotA hai| pUrvokta jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke samAna 1. dekheM, prajJApanAsUtra khaNDa 3, pada 23 ke paMcama anubhAva dvAra meM darzanAvaraNa-vipAka . sUtra 1680 kA vivecana (A. pra. sa. byAvara) pR. 20 / 2. (ka) suha paDibohA NiddA, giddANiddA ya dukkhpddibohaa| payalA hoi Thiyassa u, payalA-payalA u cNkmto||1|| thINagiddhi puNa aisaMkaliTTha kammANuveyaNe hoi| mahaNiddA diNa-ciMtiya-vAvAra-pasAhaNI pAyaM // 2 // (kha) prajJApanA khaNDa 3, pada 23 sU. 1680 kA vivecana, pR. 22 For Personal & Private Use Only

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354 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . hI darzanAvaraNIya karmodaya se darzanaguNa kI vividha prakAra se kSati ho jAtI hai, jIva dekhane yogya yA dekhanA cAhate hue bhI indriyagocara yA AtmA se draSTavya padArtha ko bhI nahIM dekha pAtA, dekhakara bhI nahIM dekhatA, athavA usakA darzanaguNa tirohita ho jAtA hai| na hI AtmA kI darzanazakti ke viSaya meM soca sakatA hai, na hI darzanaguNa kA vikAsa kara pAtA hai| darzanAvaraNa karma ke udaya se vaha pudgala, pudgaloM yA pudgala-pariNAmoM ke nimitta se darzana AvRta ho jAtA hai|' sAtAvedanIya karma ke aSTavidha anubhAva-vedanIya karma ke do bheda haiM-sAtAvedanIya aura asaataavedniiy| vedanIya karma ke phalasvarUpa jIva sukha yA duHkha kA vedana karatA hai| sAtAvedanIya ke ATha anubhAva (phala) haiM-(1) manojJa zabda, (2) manojJa rUpa, (3) manojJa gandha, (4) manojJa rasa, (5) manojJa sparza, (6) mana kA saukhya, (7) vacana kA saukhya aura (8) kAyA kA saukhy| tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva dvArA baddha Adi sAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se 8 prakAra ke sukhada phala kI prApti hotI hai| (1) manojJa veNu, vINA Adi ke zabdoM kI prApti, (2) manojJa rUpoM kI prApti, (3) manojJa itra, candana, phUla Adi sugandhoM kI prApti, (4) manojJa susvAdu rasoM kI prApti, (5) manojJa sparzoM kI prApti, (6) mana meM sukha kI anubhUti, (7) vacana meM sukhAnubhUti athavA jisakA vacana zravaNa karane vAle ke kAna aura mana meM AlhAda utpanna karane vAlA ho, aura (8) kAyA se sukhAnubhava krnaa| ye sva-paranimittaka aSTavidha anubhAva haiN| kabhI-kabhI sAtAvedanIya karma ke svataH udaya hone para manojJa zabdAdi (para-nimitta) ke binA bhI sakhasAtA kA saMvedana hotA hai| jaise-tIrthakara bhagavAna kA janma hone para nAraka jIva bhI kiMcit kAla-paryanta sukha kA vedana (anubhava) karatA hai| para-nimittaka sAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya prApta anubhAva (phala) kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai-jina puSpamAlA, candana Adi eka yA aneka manojJa pudgaloM kA Asevana (vedana) kiyA jAtA hai, athavA viziSTa deza, kAla, vaya evaM paristhiti ke anurUpa manojJa AhAra-pariNatirUpa pudgala-pariNAma vedA (bhogA) jAtA hai; athavA svabhAva se pudgaloM ke zIta, uSNa, Atapa Adi kI vedanA ke pratIkAra ke lie yathAvasara abhISTa pudgala-pariNAma (garma davA, ThaMDAI, kUlara, hITara Adi) kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai| jisase mana ko samAdhi-zAnti (prasannatA) prApta hotI hai| yaha para-nimittaka sAtAvedanIya kamoM ke udaya se sAtAvedanIya karma kA anubhAva hai| 1. prajJApanA sUtra prameya bodhinI TIkA bhA. 5, pR. 190 2. dekheM-prajJApanA sUtra khaNDa 3, pada 23, ke paMcama anubhAva dvAra kA pATha, pR. 15, 16,22, vivecn| (A.pra. samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 355 asAtAvedanIya karma ke aSTavidha anubhAva (phala)-isa karma kA aSTavidha anubhAva sAtAvedanIya karma se viparIta hai| arthAt-amanojJa zabdAdi pAMca, tathA mana-vacana-kAyA meM duHkhAnubhava ye 8 anubhAva asAtAvedanIya karmodaya se hote haiN| viSa, zastra, kaNTaka Adi pudgala yA pudgaloM kA jaba vedana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA apathya yA nIrasa AhArAdi pudgala-pariNAma kA athavA svabhAva se yathAkAla hone vAle zIta, uSNa, Atapa Adi rUpa pudgala-pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, taba mana ko asamAdhi hotI hai, zarIra ko bhI duHkhAnubhava hotA hai| tathA tadanurUpa vANI se bhI asAtA ke udgAra nikalate haiN| yaha parataH asAtAvedanIya karma kA anubhAva (vipAka) hai| jahA~ kisI para-nimitta ke binA asAtAvedanIya karmapadgaloM ke udaya se duHkhAnubhava (duHkhavedana) hotA hai, vahA~ svataH asAtAvedanIya karma kA anubhAva (phala) prApta hotA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki asAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se asAtA (duHkha) rUpa phala prApta hotA hai|' mohanIya karma kA paMcavidha anubhAva-jIva ke dvArA baddha, spRSTa Adi se lekara pudgala-pariNAma taka se yukta svataH parataH yA ubhayataH udIrita mohanIya karma ke udaya se pAMca prakAra kA anubhAva (phala) batAyA gayA hai-(1) samyaktva vedanIya, (2) mithyAtva-vedanIya, (3) samyag-mithyAtva-vedanIya, (4) kaSAya vedanIya aura (5) nokaSAya vedniiy| - samyaktvavedanIya meM samyaktva prakRti ke rUpa meM prazama Adi pariNAmoM kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai| jisakA vedana hone para dRSTi mithyA ho jAtI hai, adeva, kudeva, kuguru adharma kuzAstra Adi meM devAdi kI buddhi ho jAtI hai, vahA~ mithyAtva vedanIya hotA hai, tathA jisakA vedana hone para samyaktva aura mithyAtvarUpa milA-julA pariNAma utpanna hotA hai, vahA~ samyaktva-mithyAtvavedanIya rUpa anubhAva hotA hai| jisakA vedana krodhAdi kaSAya rUpa pariNAmoM kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai, vahA~ kaSAya-vedanIya rUpa anubhAva hotA hai| jisakA vedana hAsyAdi rUpa nokaSAyoM ke pariNAma kA kAraNa ho, vahA~ nokaSAya-vedanIya rUpa aMnubhAva hotA hai| parataH mohanIya karmodaya se hone vAlA anubhAva-jisa pudgala-viSaya yA jina pudgalaviSayoM (madirA, brAhmI, bAdAma Adi) se mohanIya karma kA phala vedana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA jisa pudgala-pariNAma ke yoga se mohAdi kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, yA dezakAla ke anurUpa AhArAdi kA pariNamana mohAdi vRddhi meM sahAyaka ho, vahA~ bhI mohanIya karma ke phala kA vedana hotA hai| 1. vahI, mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, sUtra 1682, pR. 16,23 (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) 2. vahI, mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, sU. 1682, pR. 16, 23, (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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356 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vastutaH mohanIya karma kA udaya hone para manuSya mohamugdha hokara samyaktva meM parAkrama nahIM kara pAtA, usake saMvara-nirjarA kI, tathA saMyama aura cAritra pAlana kI ruci, zraddhA evaM kSamatA kuNThita evaM zithila ho jAtI hai| AtmA ko samyaktva evaM cAritra guNoM ke kAraNa jo Atmika sukha prApta honA cAhie usameM mohanIya karma bAdhaka banatA hai| Ayukarma kA anubhAva, prakAra, svarUpa aura kAraNa-Ayukarma kA pUrvavat baddha-spRSTa Adi se viziSTa anubhAva (phalavipAka) cAra prakAra kA hotA hai-(1) nArakAyu, (2) tiryaMcAyu, (3) manuSyAyu aura (4) devaayu| yaha bhI svataH aura parataHdo prakAra se udaya meM Akara phalapradAna karatA hai| nArakAyukarma Adi jina AyuSyakarma ke pudgaloM ke udaya se nArakAyu Adi karma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha svataH Ayukarmave udaya kA phala (anubhAva) hai| jisa pudgala yA jina pudgaloM kA athavA pudgala-pariNA' kA yA svabhAvataH pudgaloM ke pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ parataH Ayukarma de udaya kA anubhAva (phala) hai| ___ tAtparya yaha hai ki Ayu ke apavartana (hrAsa) karane meM samartha jisa yA jina zastra, daNDa, pASANa Adi pudgala yA pudgaloM kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA viSa, nazIlI, mAraka yA zakti ghAtaka davA evaM anna Adi ke pariNAmarUpa-pudgala-pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, usase bhujyamAna Ayu kA apavartana (hAsa) honA Ayukarma ke parataH udaya se hone vAlA phala (anubhAva) hai| ___nAmakarma ke anubhAvoM kA nirUpaNa-nAmakarma ke mukhyatayA do bheda haiM-zubhanAmakarma aura azubha naamkrm| pUrvokta baddha, spRSTa Adi se viziSTa zubha gati Adi kAraNoM ko lekara zubhanAmakarma ke udaya meM Ane para 14 prakAra kA anubhAva (phala-vipAka) hotA hai| yathA-(1) iSTa zabda, (2) iSTa rUpa, (3) iSTa gandha, (4) iSTa rasa, (5) iSTa sparza, (6) iSTa gati, (7) iSTa sthiti, (8) iSTa lAvaNya, (9) iSTa yazokIrti, (10) iSTa utthAna-karma-bala-vIrya-puruSakAra (pauruSa)-parAkrama, (11) iSTa svaratA, (12) kAntasvaratA, (13) priya svaratA, aura (14) mnojny-svrtaa| __inakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai-iSTa kA artha hai-abhilaSita (mncaahaa)| iSTa zabdAdi-nAmakarma kA prakaraNa hone se yahA~ apane hI abhISTa zabda (vacana), rUpa, rasa, 1. dekheM-prajJApanA 23 vA~ pada ke 1683 sUtra kA vivecana, pR. 17, 24 (Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara) 2. dekheM, vahI, pada 23, ke 1683 sUtra kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana pR. 17,24 (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 357 gandha aura sparza samajhane caahie| iSTa gati ke do artha haiM-(1) devagati yA manuSyagati, athavA (2) hAthI jaisI uttama caal| iSTa sthiti kA artha hai-iSTa aura sahaja siMhAsana Adi para aarohnn| iSTa lAvaNya kA artha hai-abhISTa kAnti-vizeSa yA zArIrika saundry| iSTayazaHkIrti-viziSTa parAkrama pradarzita karane se hone vAlI khyAti ko yaza kahate haiM, aura dAna, puNya, paropakAra Adi satkAryoM se hone vAlI prasiddhi ko kIrti kahate haiN|' utthAna Adi chaha zabdoM kA vizeSArtha-zarIra saMbaMdhI ceSTA ko utthAna, bhramaNa Adi ko karma, zArIrika zakti ko bala, AtmA se utpanna hone vAle sAmarthya ko vIrya, Atmajanya svAbhimAna-vizeSa ko puruSakAra aura apane kArya meM saphalatA prApta kara lene vAle puruSArtha ko parAkrama kahate haiN| ___ iSTasvara-vINA Adi ke samAna vallabha svr| kAntasvara-koyala Adi ke svara ke samAna kamanIya svr| priya-svara-iSTasiddhi Adi hone para lokapriya jaya-jayakAra kA bAra-bAra abhilaSaNIya svr| manojJa-svara-manovAMchita lAbha Adi ke tulya svAzraya meM prIti utpanna karAne vAlA svr| . zubha nAmakarma ke svataH parataH udaya se hone vAlA anubhAva (phala-vipAka)-jahA~ vINA, veNu, gandha, tAmbUla, paTTAmbara, sAraMgI, hAramoniyama, pAlakI, siMhAsana Adi zubha pudgala yA pudgaloM kA vedana (anubhava) kiyA jAtA hai, tathA ina vastuoM ke nimitta se zubha nAmakarmodaya se zabdAdi kI abhISTatA vyakta hotI hai, athavA brAhmI yA anya auSadhi, yA AhAra ke pariNamana svarUpa abhISTa pudgala pariNAma kA vedana hotA hai, vahA~ parataH zubha nAmakarmodaya se hone vAlA phalAnubhava samajhanA caahie| athavA svabhAvataH zubha megha Adi kI ghaTA kI chaTA ko dekhakara zubha pudgala-pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAe, jaise ki varSAkAlIna meghaghaTA kI chaTA dekhakara yuvatiyA~ iSTasvara meM gAna karane meM pravRtta ho jAtI haiN| isa prakAra ke prabhAva se zubha nAmakarma kA anubhAva hotA hai| yaha saba para-nimittaka zubha nAmakarma ke udaya se hone vAlA phalavipAka hai| jaba zubha nAmakarma ke pudgaloM ke udaya se iSTazabdAdi zubha nAmakarma kA vedana ho, vahA~ svataH zubhanAmakarmodaya se hone vAlA phalavipAka hotA hai| azubha nAmakarma ke svataH parataH udaya se hone vAlA anubhAva-zubha nAmakarma ke anubhAva kI taraha jIva ke dvArA baddha Adi vizeSaNoM se viziSTa azubha nAmakarma ke bhI 1. dekheM, vahI, pada 23 ke 1684 sUtra kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, pR. 17-18, 24, 25 (A. pra. sa. byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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358 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) 14 prakAra ke anubhAva hote haiN| kintu ye saba anubhAva zubha se viparIta haiN| jaise-aniSTa shbdaadi| gadhA Adi ke aniSTa zabda, mRtakalevara, durgandhapUrNa nAlI Adi se utpanna aniSTagandha, kaTU auSadhi yA anya kar3avI, tIkhI vastu ke svAda se aniSTa rasa, apane yA dUsare ke kAle kalUTe, kubar3e, kurUpa, laMgar3e Adi ko dekhakara hone vAlA aniSTa rUpa, tathA uSNa, rUkSa, bhArI, kaThora vastu ke chUne se aniSTa sparza rUpa azubha pudgala kA yA pudgaloM kA vedana hotA hai, yahI azubha nAmakarma kA anubhAva hai| athavA viSa Adi AhArapariNAma rUpa jisa pudgalapariNAma kA, athavA svabhAvataH vajrapAta Adi rUpa jisa pudgala-pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, tathA usake prabhAva se aMzubha nAmakarma ke phalasvarUpa aniSTa svaratA Adi kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha parataH azubha nAmakarmodaya se hone vAlA anubhAva (phalavipAka) hai| jahA~ nAmakarma ke udaya se azubha karma pudgaloM se aniSTa zabdAdi kA vedana hotA hai, vahA~ svataH azubha nAmakarmodayajanita anubhAva samajhanA caahie|' uccagotra karma ke anubhAva-jIva ke dvArA baddha Adi se viziSTa uccagotra karma kA anubhAva (phala) ATha prakAra kA hai-(1) jAtiviziSTatA, (2) kulaviziSTatA, (3) balaviziSTatA, (4) rUpaviziSTatA, (5) tapaviziSTatA, (6) zrutaviziSTatA (7) lAbhaviziSTatA aura (8) aishvryvishisstttaa|2 / uccagotrAnubhAva : kaise-kaise, kina-kina kAraNoM se ?-usa-usa zubhadravya yA manojJa dravya ke saMyoga se athavA rAjA Adi viziSTa puruSoM ke saMyoga se nIca jAti aura kula meM paidA huA vyakti bhI jAtisampanna aura kulasampanna hokara isa karma ke udaya se jAtiviziSTatA aura kulaviziSTatA kA anubhAva (phala) prApta kara letA hai| malla Adi kisI viziSTa puruSa ke saMyoga se athavA vyAyAma-prANAyAmAdi ke yoga se, athavA zaktivarddhaka auSadhi Adi ke yoga se uccagotrakarmodaya hone para zArIrika-mAnasika bala sampanna hokara vyakti bala-vizeSatA kA anubhAva prApta kara letA hai| isa karma ke udaya se vizeSa prakAra ke vastroM aura alaMkAroM se, zarIra ke svAbhAvika sauSThava evaM DIla-Daula se rUpasampannatA prApta karake vyakti rUpa-vizeSatA kA anubhava karatA hai| parvata kI coTI para khar3e hokara AtApanA Adi tapazcaraNa se tapa kI vizeSatA kA anubhava karatA hai| dhana, sattA, pada, prabhutva Adi ke saMyoga se aizvarya-vizeSatA kA anubhAva prApta hotA hai| bahumUlya uttama rala Adi athavA kisI manojJa vastu kI prApti se lAbha kI vizeSatA kA anubhAva prApta hotA hai| ramaNIya, zAnta. ekAnta, pavitra evaM janasAdhAraNa ke AvAgamana se rahita sthAna meM svAdhyAya karane se vyakti ko zrutavizeSatA kA anubhAva prApta hotA hai| 1. 2. vahI, khaNDa 3, pada 23, sU. 1684 (1-2) kA mUla, artha aura vivecana, pR. 18, 24, 25 vahI, khaNDa 3, pada 23, sU. 1685 (1), kA mUlapATha aura artha, pR. 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 359 isa prakAra bAhyadravyarUpa zubha pudgala yA pudgaloM kA jo vedana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA divyaphala Adi ke AhAra-pariNAma rUpa jisa pudgala-pariNAma kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, yA svabhAva se jina pudgaloM kA pariNAma akasmAt jaladhArA ke Agamana Adi ke rUpa meM vedana kiyA jAtA hai; vahI hai uccagotrakarma ke phala kA vedn| ye anubhAva parataH uccagotranAmakarmodaya ke kAraNa hote haiN| svataH uccagotrIya nAmakarmodaya se hone vAle anubhAva meM to uccagotranAmakarma ke pudgaloM kA udaya hI kAraNa hai|' nIcagotrakarma kA anubhAva : prakAra, svarUpa aura kAraNa-jIva ke dvArA baddha Adi viziSTa kAraNoM se isa karma kA udaya hone para nIcagotra kA anubhAva hotA hai| yaha bhI ATha hI prakAra kA hai, kintu uccagotrakarma se yaha viparIta hai| yathA-jAtivihInatA se lekara aishvryvihiintaa| nIca aura kalaMkita AcaraNa kRtya ke yA adhama, durjana, duSTa Adi ke saMsarga rUpa nIcagotrIyakarma pudgala yA pudgaloM kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, arthAt uttama kula aura jAti vAlA vyakti jaba nIcakarmavazAt adhama AjIvikA athavA cANDAla kanyA Adi ke sAtha anAcAra sevana karatA hai, taba cANDAla ke samAna hI lokanindanIya bana jAtA hai| yaha jAtikula vihInatA hai| sukha zayyA nizcintatA Adi kA yoga na hone se balahInatA utpanna hotI hai| dUSita anna, kharAba, gaMde vastra Adi ke yoga se rUpahInatA hotI hai| dezakAla Adi ke viruddha mAla kharIdane (kukraya) Adi se lAbhahInatA hotI hai| nirdhanatA, kharAba makAna, kharAba parivAra, kulaTA strI Adi ke saMyoga se aizvaryahInatA hotI hai| zAstroM ke anabhyAsa, asvAdhyAya Adi ke kAraNa zrutahInatA utpanna hotI hai| isa karma ke udaya se kisI vAta-pitta-kaphavyAdhikAraka AhArAdi-pariNamanarUpa pudgala pariNAma bala Adi kI hInatA kA vedana kiyA jAtA hai, athavA mAMsa, madya Adi adhama pudgala-pariNAma ke prabhAva se bhI jAtihInatA-kulahInatA Adi kA anubhAva hotA hai| yaha parataH nIcagotrakarmodaya se hone vAlA anubhAva hai| svataH nIcagotrodaya meM to nIcagotrakarma-pudgaloM kA udaya hI kAraNa rUpa hotA hai| usI se jAti vihInatA Adi kA anubhAva hotA hai| antarAya karma kA paMcavidha anubhAva : svarUpa aura kAraNa-jIva ke dvArA baddha Adi se viziSTa antarAya karma kA anubhAva pA~ca prakAra kA hai-(1) dAnAntarAya, (2) lAbhAntarAya, (3) bhogAntarAya, (4) upabhogAntarAya aura (5) viiryaantraay| dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya, jIva kI ina zaktiyoM meM vighna bAdhA upasthita ho jAnA 1. vahI, pada 23, ke sUtra 1685/1 kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, pR. 18, 25 2. vahI, pada 23, ke sUtra 1685/2 kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, pR. 19, 26 For Personal & Private Use Only

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360 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dAnAntarAya Adi karmoM kA anubhAva (phala) hai| dAnAntarAya karma ke udaya se kisI uttama pudgala yA pudgaloM ke abhAva se jo vedana hotA hai| vaha dAnAntarAya karma kA anubhAva (phalavipAka) hai| seMdha Adi lagAne ke upakaraNoM yA corI, lUTa Adi ke upakaraNa Adi se lAbhAntarAya karma kA udaya hotA hai| vizeSa prakAra ke abhakSya yA kupatha AhAra yA agrAhya abhojya padArtha ke grahaNa-sevana se lobha ke kAraNa bhogAntarAya karma kA udaya hotA hai| isI prakAra upabhogAntarAya karma kA udaya bhI samajha lenA caahie| lAThI, zastra durghaTanA Adi kI coTa se vIryAntarAya karma kA udaya hotA hai| athavA jisa pudgala pariNAma kA arthAt-kupathya yA gariSTha yA viziSTa AhAra yA auSadhi Adi ve pariNamana se bhI vIryAntarAya karma kA udaya hotA hai| isa paMcavidha antarAya karma ke udaya se jIva dAna Adi meM antarAya kA vedana karatA hai, yahI isa karma kA phalavipAka (anubhAva) hai| yaha bhI svataH parataH karmodaya ke kAraNa hotA hai| jaise-parataH dAnAntarAyakarma kA anubhAva (phala bhoga) taba hotA hai, jo koI kisI ko vastra denA cAhatA hai, magara grISmaRtu yA zItaRtu Adi kA AvAgamana hone se dAna nahIM kara pAtA; adAtA bana jAtA hai| yaha parataH dAnAntarAyakarmodayajanita phalavipAka hai| svataH dAnAntarAya karma kA anubhAva taba hotA hai, jaba vyakti kisI se dAna ke rUpa meM kucha pAnA cAhatA hai, kintu dAnAntarAyakarmavazAt prApta kahIM kara paataa| yaha svataH dAnAntarAya karmodayajanita phala vipAka hai| isI prakAra zeSa cAroM antarAyoM ke anubhAva ke viSaya meM samajha lenA caahie|' yaha aSTavidha karmoM kA phalavipAka (anubhAva) tabhI hotA hai, jaba vaha karma baMdha se lekara udaya taka kI prakriyA taka pahu~ca gayA ho| kisI bhI karma ko bAMdhe binA tathA usake udaya meM Ae binA usakA phala nahIM milatA, na hI tathAkathita phalabhoga hotA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI samajha lenA cAhie ki ye sabhI anubhAva bAMdhe hue ATha prakAra ke karmoM ke pratiphala haiM, kintu usa jIva kI gati, sthiti, bhava, pudgala aura pudgala-pariNAma ko lekara bhI unake phalabhoga meM nyUnAdhikatA, yA taratamatA ho jAtI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNoM para AgAmI bandha khaNDa meM prakAza DAlA jAegA / phalavipAka kI dRSTi se karmoM kI vicitratA : karmaphala kI vibhinnatA kA AdhAra isI prakAra ina pUrvokta AThoM hI karmoM ke phalavipAka meM gati, sthiti, bhava, 1. (ka) prajJApanA sUtra khaNDa 3, pada 23 ke sUtra 1686/1-2 kA mUlapATha, anuvAda aura vivecana, pR. 19, 26 (kha) jaina tattva kalikA, kalikA 6 (AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI) se pR. 178 2. dekheM, prajJApanA sUtra khaNDa 3 pada 23 ke sUtra 1679 kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana, pR. 14, 19 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma- mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 361 pudgala aura pudgala-pariNAma ko lekara vibhinnatA aura vicitratA prApta ho jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki karmagrantha Adi meM ina pUrvokta ATha karmoM ke phalavipAka kI dRSTi se cAra yA pA~ca bheda batAye gae haiM (1) jIva vipAkI, (2) pudgala - vipAkI, (3) kSetravipAkI, (4) bhava- vipAkI aura (5) kaalvipaakii| jina karmoM kA phalavipAka jIva meM hotA hai, unakI jIvavipAkI saMjJA hai| ina karmoM ke phalasvarUpa jIva ko ajJAna, adarzana, sukha, duHkha, rAga, dveSa aura moha Adi bhAvoM kI aura nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya yA deva Adi paryAyoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| pudgalavipAkI karmaphala vaha hai, jinakA vipAka jIva ke sAtha eka kSetrAvagAhasambandha ko prApta pudgaloM meM hotA hai| una phaladAyaka karmoM ke vipAka svarUpa jIva ko vividha prakAra ke zarIra, vacana aura mana kI upalabdhi hotI hai| unheM pudgala-vipAkI kahate haiN| jina karmoM kA vipAka nara-nAraka Adi bhava meM hotA hai, unako bhavavipAkI kahate haiN| ina phaladAyI karmoM ke phalasvarUpa jIva kA narakAdi gatiyoM meM avasthAna hotA hai / jina karmoM kA vipAka (phala-bhoga) kisI kSetra vizeSa meM upalabdha hotA hai, use kSetravipAkI karma (phala) kahate haiN| ina karmoM ke phalasvarUpa jIva purAtana zarIra kA tyAgakara, nUtana zarIra ko prApta karane ke lie gamana karate hue antarAla meM pUrva zarIra ko bhAvI AkAra meM dhAraNa karatA hai|' phaladAna zakti kI mukhyatA kI apekSA puNya-pApa phala madhura aura kaTu isake atirikta phaladAna zakti kI mukhyatA ko lekara ina saba karmoM ko puNyakarma aura pApakarma ke nAma se do bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| dAna, bhakti, mandakaSAya, sAdhusevA, nirlobhatA (santoSa), jIvadayA, paraguNa- prazaMsA (pramoda - bhAvanA), satsaMgati, atithi sevA, vaiyAvRtya ityAdi zubha karmoM ke karane se tathA tadanukUla antaHkaraNa kI vRtti hone se jina karmoM kI gur3a, khAMDa, drAkSA, madhu, zarkarA evaM amRta Adi ke samAna madhura phaladAnazakti upalabdha hotI hai unakI puNyakarma saMjJA hai| isake viparIta madirApAna, mAMsa-sevana, parastrIgamana, vezyAgamana, (striyoM ke lie parapuruSagamana, vezyAkarma), zikAra, juA khelanA, rAtri bhojana karanA, nindA cugalI karanA, atithi ke prati AdarabhAva na honA, duSTa- durjanoM kI saMgati karanA, paradoSadarzana, kaSAya kI tIvratA, lobha kI tIvratA, sevA bhAvanA se zUnya vRtti ityAdi 1. mahAbaMdha bhA. 2 prastAvanA (karmamImAMsA) se pR. 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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362 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) azubha kAryoM ke karane se tathA tadanukUla krUra aura kaThora antaHkaraNa kI vRtti hone se jina karmoM meM nIma, kAMjIra, viSa aura halAhala ke samAna kaTu phaladAnazakti upalabdha hotI hai, unakI pApakarma saMjJA hai|' ghAtI aura aghAtI ke bheda se karmoM kI vividha stara kI phaladAnazakti isake atirikta karmoM kI phaladAnazakti ghAtI aura aghAtI ke bheda se do prakAra kI batAI gaI hai| ghAtIrUpa phaladAnazakti tIvra-manda Adi stara kI apekSA se cAra prakAra kI hai-latA, dArU (lakar3I), asthi (haDDI) aura zaila (prvt)| anubhAga zakti kI uttarottara kaThoratA sUcita karane hetu latA Adi cAroM kI upamA dekara phala ke manda-tIvra stara batAe gae haiN| isa prakAra kI phaladAnazakti se yukta sabhI karma (ghAtI karma) pAparUpa hI hote haiN| kintu aghAtirUpa karmoM kI phaladAnazakti pApa aura puNya ke bheda se do prakAra kI hotI hai| vaha bhI pratyeka anubhAga zakti kI uttarottara tIvratA sUcita karane hetu pUrvavat cAra-cAra prakAra kI hotI hai| tAtparya yaha hai, saMsArastha pratyeka jIva (AtmA) meM do prakAra ke guNa hote haiManujIvI aura prtijiivii| jo guNa kevala jIva (AtmA) meM hote haiM, ve jIva ke anujIvI guNa haiM aura jo guNa jIva ke sivA anya dravyoM me bhI upalabdha hote haiM, ve usake pratijIvI guNa haiN| karmoM kA ghAtI aura aghAtI ina do bhedoM meM vargIkRta karane kA kAraNa mukhyatayA ye do prakAra ke guNa haiN| jJAna, darzana, samyaktva, cAritra, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ye jIva (AtmA) ke anujIvI guNa haiN| jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya; ye cAra ghAtikarma ina guNoM ko AvRta, kuNThita, hrAsa yukta aura zaktihIna banA dete haiN| isI kAraNa inakI ghAti saMjJA hai| inake atirikta zeSa karmoM kI aghAtisaMjJA hai|' pUrvokta ATha karmoM meM se amuka-amuka karma se bAIsa parISahoM meM se amuka-amuka parISaha (dharmapAlana meM dRr3ha rahane ke lie Ane vAle kaSTa) bhI Ate haiN| ina parISahoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karane se karma-nirjarA hotI hai| parantu parISaha sahana na karane ke kAraNa tathA parISahoM ke upasthita hone para viSamabhAva Ane para naye karma bandha jAte haiM, pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya nahIM hotaa| isa dRSTi se jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmoM ke baMdha hone para kauna-kauna se parISaha phalarUpa meM Ate haiM ? isakA saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa tattvArtha sUtra ke nauveM adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ batAyA gayA hai ki jJAnAvaraNarUpa nimitta kAraNa se prajJA 1. vahI (prastAvanA) se pR. 20 2. vahI, (prastAvanA) se pR. 20-21 / / 3. mahAbaMdho bhA. 2 (prastAvanA) se pR. 21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma- mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 363 parISaha aura ajJAna parISaha hote haiN| darzanamohakarma se adarzana aura antarAyakarma se alAbha parISaha hote haiN| cAritramoha se nagnatva ( acelakatva), arati, strI, niSadyA, Akroza, yAcanA aura satkAra-puraskAra parISaha hote haiN| zeSa sabhI parISaha vedanIyakarma se hote haiM / " karmavRkSa se sambandhita vizeSa phala yaha to huI karmarUpI mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya phala kI baat| karmavRkSa ke vizeSa phala se sambandhita kaI tathya bhI 'gautamapRcchA' tathA AgamoM aura granthoM meM prastuta kiye gae haiN| gautamapRcchA meM puNya aura pApakarma ke vizeSa phaloM kA nirUpaNa praznottara rUpa se vistArapUrvaka aMkita hai| sarvajJa parama Apta vItarAga tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra se gaNadhara gautama svAmI ne vinayapUrvaka kucha prazna pApa-puNyakarma ke sambandha meM kiye, jinakA uttara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne karmavijJAna kI dRSTi se diyaa| vibhinna pApakarmoM kA vizeSa phala prazna 1. prabho! kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa manuSya nirdhanatA aura daridratA ke duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai ? uttara 1. gautama ! jo vyakti dUsaroM ke dhana kA haraNa, corI, DakaitI, lUTa, ThagI aura taskarI Adi ke rUpa meM karatA hai, tathA kisI dAtA ko dAna dene se rokatA hai, manA karatA hai; vaha ukta cauryarUpa pApakarma ke udaya se nirdhanatA aura daridratA kA duHkha bhogatA hai / niSkarSa yaha hai ki durbhAgya, daridratA tathA gulAmI Adi cauryakarma ke phala haiN| corI, DakaitI, taskarI evaM lUTapATa karane vAle lAThI, ghUMse Adi khAte hI haiM, rAjya daNDasvarUpa jela bhI bhogate haiM, parabhava meM bhI naraka Adi kI ghora yAtanAe~ evaM vedanAe~ bhogate haiN| vyApAra dhandhe meM bhI anIti, anyAya, ThagI Adi kA AcaraNa, smagaliMga (taskarI) dvArA eka deza se dUsare deza meM mAla le jAnA- lAnA, corI ke mAla kA kraya-vikraya, acchI vastu meM burI vastu kI milAvaTa karanA, nApa-taula meM kama denA, jyAdA lenA, acchI vastu dikhAkara burI vastu de denA, atyadhika munAphA lenA, jamAkhorI karanA Adi saba cauryakarma ke prakAra haiN| 1. dekheM tattvArtha sUtra a. 9 ke - jJAnAvaraNe prajJAjJAne // 12 // darzanamohAntarAyayoradarzanAlAbhau // 14 // cAritramohe nAgnyArati strI- niSadyA''kroza- yAcanA-satkAra- puraskAraH // 15 // vedanIye zeSAH // 16 // ina sUtroM para vivecana (paM. sukhalAlajI) pR. 217 2. (ka) gautama pRcchA :- praznottara 1 (kha) jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karmavipAka' lekha se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 119 For Personal & Private Use Only

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364 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vAstava meM lobha samasta pApoM kA mUla hai aura sabhI cauryakarma lobhavaza hI hote haiN| prazna 2. bhagavan! bhoga-upabhoga kI sabhI sAmagrI svAdhIna hote hue bhI manuSya unheM Adhi, vyAdhi, upAdhi, udvignatA, cintA, zoka Adi ke kAraNa bhoga nahIM sakatA, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? uttara 2. gautama ! jo manuSya dAna, paropakAra, sevA, sahAyatA Adi puNyakarma karake phira usake liye pazcAttApa karatA hai, agale janma meM dhana tathA bhogopabhoga ke sAdhana AhAra vastrAdi to milate haiM, para vaha pUrvokta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa unakA bhoga-upabhoga nahIM kara paataa| prazna 3. bhagavan ! kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa strI vandhyA ho jAtI hai ? uttara 3. gautama ! garma auSadhiyoM Adi ke dvArA jo garbha galAte haiM, yA girAte haiM yA vRkSoM ko kATate-kaTavAte haiM tathA garbhavatI hiraNI Adi mAdA jAnavaroM kI zikAra karate haiM, mArate haiM aura unakA mAMsa khAte haiM, ve isa pApa karma ke udaya se niHsantAna yA vandhyA hokara duHkha pAte haiN| athavA kaMdamUla yA kacce phala ko khuza hokara tor3ate-tur3avAte haiM, tathA haMsa-haMsakara unheM khAte haiM, ve garbha meM hI mara jAte haiM, yA alpAyu hote haiN| prazna 4. bhagavan! kisI-kisI strI ke adhUre garbha gira jAte haiM athavA, bacce paidA hote hI mara jAte haiM, aisA kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hotA hai ? uttara 4. gautama! jo pApI strI / puruSa haMsa-haMsa kara aNDoM ko khAte haiM, unake baccA paidA hote hI mara jAtA hai, athavA vaha strI mRtavatsA hotI hai| athavA jo phaladAra vRkSoM para patthara pheMkate haiM, yA unake kacce phala tor3a lete haiM athavA garbhavatI nAriyoM ko mAra-mAra kara athavA anya prakAra se jo nirdayI unheM satAte haiM, ve svayaM garbha meM hI tar3apa-tar3apa kara mara jAte haiN| prazna 5. bhagavan ! vyakti eka A~kha se kAnA kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hotA hai ? uttara 5. jo ajJAnI mAnava parastrI kI ora kudRSTipUrvaka dekhatA hai, sAdhusAdhviyoM ke doSa (avaguNa) dekha-dekhakara mana meM harSita hotA hai, vaha ukta pApakarma ke udaya se eka A~kha se kAnA hotA hai| prazna 6. bhagavan! manuSya kisa pApa ke kAraNa andhA hotA hai ? uttara 6. gautama ! madhu makkhiyoM ke chatte jalAne yA tor3ane, tur3avAne va girAne se manuSya andhA hotA hai| prazna 7. bhagavan! manuSya kisa pApakarma ke udaya se gUMgA hotA hai ? uttara 7. gautama ! jo manuSya arihanta siddha paramAtmA (deva), nirgrantha guru kI nindA karatA hai, unakI avajJA karatA hai, vaha ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa gUMgA hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 365 prazna 8. bhagavan! kisa pApakarma ke udaya se manuSya baharA hotA hai ? uttara 8. gautama! jo manuSya RSi-muniyoM kI tathA mahApuruSoM kI nindA sunakara mana hI mana prasanna hotA hai, tathA luka-chipakara dUsare kI nindA sunane meM rata rahatA hai, jo mIThA-mIThA bolakara dUsare ke hRdaya kA bheda pAne ke lie prayatnazIla rahatA hai tathA dharmakathA hotI ho, taba cAlAkI se so jAtA hai| aisA vyakti ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa baharA hotA hai| prazna 9. bhagavan! manuSya ko kuSTa (kor3ha) roga kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa ho jAtA uttara 9. gautama! jo manuSya mora, sAMpa, bicchU Adi jIvoM ko mAratA hai, tathA lobhavaza jaMgala meM Aga lagA detA hai, vaha manuSya mAnava deha pAkara bhI kor3hI ho jAtA hai, usake roma-roma meM kIr3e par3a jAte haiN|' prazna 10. bhagavan! garbha meM tathA yoni ke samIpa aTakakara jo jIva mara jAtA hai, vaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? - uttara 10. gautama! dUsaroM ke avaguNavAda bolane tathA jhUTha bolane se jIva garbha meM tathA yoni ke nikaTa aTaka kara mara jAtA hai| phira usake zarIra ko zastrAdi se kATa-kATakara bAhara nikAlA jAtA hai| prazna 11. bhagavan! kisI-kisI manuSya ke zarIra meM aharniza jalana (dAha) hotI rahatI hai ? aisA dAha jvara kA roga kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 11. jo manuSya apane Azrita ghor3e, baila Adi pazuoM tathA tote Adi pAlatU pakSiyoM ko bhUkhe-pyAse rakhakara tar3apAtA hai tathA unase unake balabUte se adhika kAma letA hai, evaM una para nirdayatApUrvaka adhika bojha lAdatA hai; ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa vaha manuSya dAhajvara se pIr3ita rahatA hai| prazna 12. bhagavan! kisI-kisI manuSya ke peTa meM patharI ho jAtI hai, vaha kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa hotI hai? uttara 12. gautama! jo apanI mA~, bahana, mausI Adi ke sAtha gupta rUpa se vyabhicAra karatA hai, usake isa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa peTa meM patharI ho jAtI hai, jisase vaha jiMdagI bhara duHkha pAtA hai| 1. (ka) laghu gautama pRcchA (bhASAntara) / (kha) zrI gautama pRcchA (padyAnuvAda) se pR. 2, 3 tathA 5, 6, 7 (ga) karmavipAka lekha (jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita) se pR. 119-120 For Personal & Private Use Only

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366 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . prazna 13. bhagavan! koI-koI manuSya rAta-dina kisI na kisI vyAdhi se ghirA rahatA hai, vaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? uttara 13. gautama! jo manuSya bar3a, pIpala ke phaloM evaM gullaroM ko Asakti pUrvaka khAtA hai, tathA cUhe Adi jAnavaroM ke pakar3ane ke pIjaroM tathA pakSiyoM Adi ko phaMsAne ke phaMdoM ko becatA hai; vaha manuSya usa pApa ke phalasvarUpa AjIvana kisI na kisI roga se grasta rahatA hai| prazna 14. bhagavan! kisI manuSya kA zarIra itanA sthUla aura beDaula ho jAtA hai ki vaha apane hAtha se apanA zArIrika kArya bhI nahIM kara pAtA, aisA kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hotA hai? ___ uttara 14. gautama! jo apane mAlika ke yahA~ corI karatA hai tathA svayaM sAhUkAra bana kara dUsaroM kA mAla har3apa jAtA hai, vaha usa pApa karma ke phalasvarUpa sthUla aura beDaula zarIra pAtA hai| prazna 15. bhagavan! kisI-kisI manuSya kA citta bhrAnta (vikSipta) ho jAtA hai, vaha pAgala ho jAtA hai, aisA kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hotA hai ? uttara 15. gautama! jAti Adi kA mada (ahaMkAra) karane se tathA madyapAna, mAMsAhAra, jIva-vadha karane tathA binA dekhe-bhAle lAparavAhI se kadama bar3hAne se evaM gupta rIti se anAcAra sevana ke pApa se manuSya kA citta bhrAnta evaM vikSipta ho jAtA hai| prazna 16. bhagavan! kisI ke strI, puruSa, putra, putrI aura ziSya-ziSyA Adi kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa kupAtra hote haiM, yA milate haiM? uttara 16. gautama! jo IrSyAvaza akAraNa hI sage-sambandhiyoM tathA snehIjanoM meM paraspara vaira-virodha, manomAlinya yA raMjiza khar3A karavA dete haiM, yA bar3hA dete haiM, ve kupAtra hote haiM, athavA una pApakarmiyoM ko kupAtra jana milate haiN|' prazna 17. bhagavan! kisI kA bar3e lAr3a-pyAra se pAlA-posA huA putra yuvAvasthA meM hI mara jAtA hai, vaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai? uttara 17. gautama! jo dUsaroM kI rakhI huI amAnata (dharohara) ko har3apa jAte haiM, usa pApakarma kA pazcAttApa bhI nahIM karate, ulaTe una dukhiyoM ko dhamakAte haiM; aise logoM ke pApakarmavaza javAna putra akAla meM hI mara jAtA hai| prazna 18. bhagavan! kisa pApakarma ke udaya se nArI bacapana meM hI vidhavA ho jAtI 1. (ka) laghu gautama pRcchA (bhASAntara) (kha) gautama pRcchA (padyAnuvAda) se For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 367 uttara 18. gautama! jo strI Upara se to satI (pativratA) kahalAtI hai, parantu bhItara hI bhItara pati ke sAtha kapaTa karake parapuruSa ke sAtha ramaNa karatI hai| pati kA apamAna karane meM cUkatI nahIM hai; vaha strI ukta pApa ke phalasvarUpa bAlavidhavA ho jAtI prazna 19. bhagavan! koI strI vezyA kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hotI hai ? uttara 19. gautama! uttama kula kI jo vidhavA nArI sAsa-sasura Adi kI lajjAvaza anicchA se zIla pAlana karatI hai, magara usake mana meM viSayabhoga-sevana karane kI tIvra abhilASA hotI hai; aisI strI ukta gupta mAnasika pApa ke kAraNa mara kara AgAmI janma meM vezyA hotI hai| prazna 20. bhagavan! kisI puruSa kI striyA~ bAra-bAra thor3e-thor3e samaya ke antara para mara.jAtI haiM, kisa pApakarma ke udaya se aisA hotA hai ? uttara 20. gautama! jo manuSya gurudeva se liye hue tyAga, pratyAkhyAna, vrata, niyama ko bhaMga kara detA hai, tathA caratI huI gAyoM aura bhaiMsoM ko nirdayatApUrvaka jora se pITatA hai, usa manuSya kI striyA~ ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa bAra-bAra thor3e-thor3e samaya ke bAda mara jAyA karatI haiN| prazna 21. bhagavan! kisI vyakti ke zarIra meM kIr3e kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa par3a jAte haiM? uttara 21. gautama! jo manuSya machalI, kaiMkar3e Adi mUka jIvoM ko berahamI se tar3apA-tar3apAkara mArate haiM aura khuza hokara khAte haiM, yA khUba khAye hoM, aise vyakti ke zarIra meM ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa kIr3e par3a jAte haiN| ... prazna 22. bhagavan! kisa duSkarma ke kAraNa kaI-kaI vivAha karane para bhI insAna ko putra kI prApti nahIM hotI aura vaha putrahIna hokara hI mara jAtA hai ? _ uttara 22. gautama! jo vyakti rAste meM khar3e hare-bhare vRkSoM ko kaTavatA hai, use usa duSkarma kA phala AgAmI janma meM niSputra hone ke rUpa meM milatA hai| prazna 23. bhagavan! kisa ghora pApakarma ke udaya meM manuSya ke zarIra meM ekAeka solaha bhayaMkara roga utpanna ho jAte haiM, jisase vaha tathA usake parijana bhI duHkhI hote haiM ? - uttara 23. gautama! jo duSTa manuSya durbhAvanA se prerita hokara grAma nagara/nagarI meM Aga lagAkara use bhasma kara DAlatA hai, aisA pApI mAnava ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa solaha bhaMyakara rogoM se AkrAnta hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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368 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . . prazna 24. bhagavan! manuSya ko kisa kAraNa se atyanta dubalA-patalA aura azakta zarIra milatA hai, jise dekhakara vaha aharniza jhuratA rahatA hai, koI bhI mahattvapUrNa, zaktizAlI kArya nahIM kara pAtA? uttara 24. gautama! jo manuSya sadaiva apanI zakti ke abhimAna meM cUra rahatA hai,jo jAti Adi kA mada karake dUsaroM para atyAcAra karatA hai, unheM tiraskRta karatA hai, vaha usa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa azakta aura durbala zarIra pAtA hai, use zakti nahIM miltii| prazna 25. bhagavan! kina duSkarmoM ke kAraNa manuSya janma se yA bAda meM napuMsaka, nAmarda aura kAyara banatA hai? uttara 25. gautama! jo loga nirdayatApUrvaka bailoM ko khassI karane-karavAne kA dhaMdhA karatA hai athavA jo baila, ghor3e Adi ke aNDakoSoM kA zastra, patthara Adi se chedanabhedana karatA hai tathA svArthAndha hokara mardo ko auSadhi Adi se nAmarda banAtA hai, kapaTa karane meM cUra rahatA hai; vaha usa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa nAmarda, hijar3A, napuMsaka aura kAyara banatA hai| prazna 26. bhagavan! kisI nara yA nArI ke sira para jhUThA kalaMka yA mithyA doSAropaNa kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa AtA hai ? uttara 26. gautama! jo dUsare ke sira para IrSyA-dveSavaza jhUThA kalaMka lagAtA hai, mithyA doSAropaNa karatA hai, bhaviSya meM usake sira para vaisA hI jhUThA kalaMka laga jAtA hai| prazna 27. bhagavan! kisI nara yA nArI ke zarIra meM jalodara kA bhayaMkara udara roga kisa pApa ke kAraNa hotA hai? uttara 27. gautama! jo puruSa yA strI paMca mahAvratadhArI nirgrantha munivaroM ko dveSa yA IrSyA se prerita hokara nIrasa, bAsI, sar3A huA yA asAtAkArI AhArAdi dete haiM, unake isa pApakarma ke udaya se jalodara athavA bhayaMkara udara roga utpanna hotA hai| prazna 28. bhagavan! manuSya kAlA, kalUTa, adarzanIya, azobhanIya evaM vivarNa kisa pApa ke kAraNa hotA hai ? uttara 28. gautama! jo manuSya kotavAla yA ArakSaka Adi kisI sattA yA pada ko pAkara nirdoSa logoM para jhUThe (rAjyAparAdha ke) ilajAma lagAkara unake mArmika aMgoM tathA hAtha, paira, kAna, nAka Adi avayavoM kA chedane-bhedana karatA hai, athavA jo apane sundara rUpa kA abhimAna karatA hai; vaha usa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa bhaviSya meM kAlA, kurUpa aura azobhanIya hotA hai| 1. (ka) laghu gautama pRcchA (bhASAntara) (kha) gautama pRcchA (padyAnuvAda) se For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 369 prazna 29. bhagavan! manuSya ko phAMsI kI sajA kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa milatI uttara 29. gautama! jisane pUrvabhava meM aneka jalacara jIvoM kA vadha kiyA ho, use ukta pApa karma ke udaya se phAMsI kI sajA milatI hai| prazna 30. bhagavan! koI vyakti apane mAtA-pitA Adi ko tathA anya saMsArI jIvoM ko priya nahIM lagate, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? uttara 30. gautama! jisa vyakti ne pUrvajanma meM vikalendriya (do, tIna yA cAra indriyoM vAle) jIvoM kA jAna-bUjhakara vadha kiyA ho, vaha vyakti isa janma meM sabako apriya lagatA hai| prazna 31. bhagavan! taruNa avasthA meM patnI viyoga kisa pApa ke kAraNa hotA hai ? uttara 31. gautama ! jisa puruSa ne balAtkArapUrvaka kAmabhoga- sevana kiyA ho vaha javAnI meM patnI-viyogarUpa pApa phala prApta karatA hai| prazna 32. bhagavan! taruNa avasthA meM strI ko pati kA viyoga kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa hotA hai ? uttara 32. gautama ! jo strI apane pati ke sAtha saMyoga ke lie mohana, vazIkaraNa, uccATana Adi maMtroM yA auSadhiyoM kA prayoga karatI hai, use isa aniSTa karmavaza taruNAI meM pativiyoga prApta hotA hai| prazna 33. bhagavan! pUrvakRta kisa pApakarma ke udaya se manuSya parAdhIna, gulAma evaM dAsa hokara rahate haiM ? uttara 33. gautama ! jo karor3apati, rAjA, yoddhA, zastradhArI evaM mahAbalI na hote hue apane Apa ko karor3apati, rAjA, yoddhA evaM mahAbalI batAtA hai, mahAbalI Adi hone kA ahaMkAra karatA hai, vaha manuSya ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa parAdhIna, gulAma evaM dAsa hokara rahatA hai| * prazna 34. bhagavan! kisa pApakarma ke udaya se bacapana meM hI mAtA-pitA mara jAte t? * uttara 34. gautama! jo vyakti pazu-pakSiyoM ke baccoM ke mA~-bApa ko nirdaya hokara gAra DAlate haiM, ve agale janma meM mAtA-pitA kA jarA bhI sukha nahIM paate| aise bAlaka mAtA-pitA ke viyoga meM ro-rokara duHkhI hote haiN| (ka) laghu gautama pRcchA (bhASAntara) se (kha) gautama pRcchA (padyAnuvAda) se For Personal & Private Use Only

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370 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5). prazna 35. prabho! kisI-kisI ke dvArA mIThI vANI bolane para bhI vaha kaTu aura apriya mAlUma hotI hai, nahIM suhAtI hai, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? .. uttara 35. gautama! jisane svAdalolupa hokara pUrvabhava meM paMcendriya Adi jIvoM kA bhakSaNa kiyA ho, usakI miSTa bhASA bhI pUrvokta pApakarmodaya se apriya lagatI hai| ___prazna 36. prabho! jIva ko adhikAdhika roga kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa utpanna hote . uttara 36. gautama! jina jIvoM ne pUrvajanma meM anantakAyika kanda atyadhika Asakti pUrvaka khuza hokara khAye haiM, vaha agale janma meM adhikAdhika rogoM se grasta rahatA prazna 37. bhagavan! manuSya ko atyadhika nidrA kisa pApakarma ke kAraNa AtI hai? uttara 37. gautama! jisane pUrvabhava meM madirApAna kiyA hai, use AgAmI janma meM adhika nIMda AtI hai, vaha Alasya, sustI aura pramAda se ghirA rahatA hai| prazna 38. bhagavan! kaNThamAlA kA roga kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai? uttara 38. gautama! jisane pUrvabhava meM jAla meM machaliyoM ko pakar3akara unheM mArA hai, machaliyoM kA zikAra kiyA hai, athavA jalacaroM ko pakar3akara unakA galA kATA hai, vaha ukta pApa ke kAraNa kaNThamAlA roga se grasta hotA hai| prazna 39. bhagavan! kisI-kisI ke zarIra meM pratyakSa koI roga nahIM dikhAI detA, phira bhI vaha aneka mAnasika rogoM, cintAoM, saMkaToM aura bahamoM se ghirA rahakara dukhita hotA rahatA hai, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? ___uttara 39. jo manuSya rizvata (ghUsa) khAkara sacce ko jhUThA siddha kara detA hai, vaha isa pApa ke phalasvarUpa aneka saMkaToM, bahamoM, Adhi-vyAdhiyoM se grasta hokara duHkhI rahatA prazna 40. prabho! kisI ke zarIra meM neharUbAlA roga kisa pApa ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai? uttara 40. gautama! jo vyakti binA chanA pAnI pIte haiM, unheM usa pApa ke | phalasvarUpa yaha roga hotA hai| prazna 41. bhagavan! manuSya A~khoM se dhuMdhA (maMjara) kisa pApa ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai? uttara 41. gautama! jisane pUrvajanma meM sabako samadRSTi se na dekhakara pakSapAta kiyA ho, ve A~khoM se maMjara hote haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma - mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 371 prazna 42. bhagavan ! manuSya baunA (ThiganA) kisa pApa ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 42. gautama ! jisa manuSya ne pUrvajanma meM apane zarIra kA abhimAna kiyA ho, vaha manuSya agale janma meM usa pApa ke phalasvarUpa baunA hotA hai| prazna 43 . bhagavan ! jIva ko nAsUra roga kisa pApa ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 43. gautama ! jisane pUrvajanma meM kasAI kA dhaMdhA karake pApakarma kamAye haiM, usake phalasvarUpa use AgAmI janma meM nAsUra roga utpanna hotA hai| prazna 44. bhagavan! manuSya paMgu (lUlA) kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 44. gautama! jisane pUrvabhava meM apane pairoM se aneka prANI kucalakara mAre haiM, vaha ukta pApa ke kAraNa agale janma meM paMgu hotA hai| prazna 45. bhagavan ! kisI manuSya ke zarIra meM bAra-bAra phor3e-phuMsI Adi hote haiM, ve kisa pApakarma ke udaya se hote haiM ?1 uttara 45. gautama! kacce phaloM meM jIva jantu (binA dekhe - bhAle hI ) masAle bhara-bharakara bhar3Ite kiye ho, tathA unheM tala-bhUMjakara haMsa-haMsakara khAye hoM, usa vyakti ke zarIra meM bAra-bAra phor3e-phuMsI hote rahate haiN| prazna 46. bhagavan ! strI-puruSa ( pati-patnI) meM paraspara vaimanasya evaM vaira-virodha kisa pApa ke kAraNa hotA hai ? uttara 46. gautama! jisane pUrvabhava meM pati-patnI kA yA strI-puruSa kA pArasparika premabhAva tur3avAyA ho, donoM meM jhagar3A tathA vaira-virodha paidA karAyA ho, to usa pApa ke phalasvarUpa agale janma meM vaira-virodha rahatA hai| prazna 47. bhagavan! kaI-kaI manuSyoM ko kisI bhI prakAra se AjIvikA Adi kI prApti nahIM hotI, koI na koI vighna Akara khar3A ho jAtA hai, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? uttara 47. gautama ! jisane anya jIvoM ko prApta hone vAlI bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI dene-dilAne meM ror3e aTakAe hoM, tathA kisI ke rojI, kArakhAne yA vyApAra Adi meM bhI bAdhA khar3I kI ho, usa manuSya ko ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa pratyeka vastu kI prApti yA kArya meM pada-pada para vighna-bAdhAe~ A khar3I hotI haiN| prazna 48. bhagavan ! manuSya marakara naraka meM tathA nArakIya duHkhoM se pIr3ita sthAna meM kina pApoM ke kAraNa paidA hotA hai ? 1. (ka) vahI ( bhASAntara) (kha) vahI (padyAnuvAda) For Personal & Private Use Only

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372 . karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) uttara 48. gautama! juA khelane se, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, parastrIgamana, vezyAgama karane, zikAra (nirdoSa pazuoM kA vadha) evaM corI karane se ghora tAmasAcchanna naraka meM utpanna hokara vahA~ ke bhayaMkara duHkha bhogatA hai| prazna 49. bhagavan! kisI-kisI manuSya ke dvArA satya kahe jAne para bhI koI usake vacanoM para vizvAsa nahIM karatA, na hI koI usake vacanoM ko satya samajhatA hai| yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai? uttara 49. gautama! jisa manuSya ne jhUThI sAkSI dI ho, usa pApa ke phalasvarUpa na to usake vacanoM para koI vizvAsa karatA hai, aura na hI usake vacanoM ko koI satya samajhatA prazna 50. bhagavan! duHkhamaya dIrghajIvana (lambA AyuSya) kisa durbhAgyarUpa .pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa milatA hai? uttara 50. gautama! calate-phirate trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA karane se, mithyA (asatya) bhASaNa karane se aura sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko (dveSavaza) asAtAkArI AhAra-pAnI dene se manuSya ko duHkhamaya dIrghajIvana milatA hai| prazna 51. prabho! hIna kula meM janma kisa pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 51 gItama! pUrvajanma meM kula kA mada (ahaMkAra) karane se hIna kula meM manuSya kA janma hotA hai| prazna 52. bhagavan! nIca jAti meM janma kisa pApa ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 52. gautama! pUrvajanma meM jAti mada (jAti kA ahaMkAra) karane se nIta jAti meM janma hotA hai, jahA~ prAyaH uttama saMskAra, uttama zikSA-dIkSA, dharma-saMskAra A nahIM milte| prazna 53. bhagavan! kisI manuSya ko bahuta parizrama karane para bhI eka paise Aya nahIM hotI, isake pIche kauna-sA pApakarma kAraNa hai ? uttara 53. gautama! dhana kI pracura Aya (AmadanI) dekhakara jisane pUrvajanma ghamaMDa kiyA ho, use isa janma meM mehanata karane para bhI vizeSa artha kI prApti nahIM hotI prazna 54. bhagavan! kisI-kisI manuSya ko upavAsAdi tapa, tyAga-pratyAkhyA karane meM bahuta hI kaSTa hotA hai jisase vaha vrata, upavAsa Adi tapa, tyAga bilakula nA kara sakatA, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? 1. (ka) vahI (bhASAntara) (kha) vahI (hindI padyAnuvAda) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma-mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 373 uttara 54. gautama! mere barAbara tapasyA kauna kara sakatA hai ? mere liye to tapasyA karanA bAMye hAtha kA khela hai| mere liye sAta-ATha dina kI tapasyA to upavAsa kI taraha hai, ityAdi rUpa se tapa kA mada (ahaMkAra) karane se ukta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa usa vyakti kI tapaHzakti kuNThita evaM avaruddha ho jAtI hai| ___prazna 55. bhagavan! kaI vyakti dina-rAta parizrama karate haiM, zAstroM, siddhAntoM kA jJAna prApta karane ke lie abhyAsa karate haiM, phira bhI unheM (zruta) jJAna prApta nahIM hotA, yaha kisa pApakarma kA phala hai ? ___ uttara 55. gautama! jisane pUrvajanma meM bahuta-sA jJAna arjita karane ke pazcAt usakA ahaMkArarUpa pApakarma kiyA ho, usako prayatna karane para bhI jJAna prApta nahIM hotA, vismRta ho jAtA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki napuMsakatA, durbhAgya, pazu-pakSI-yoni kI prApti ityAdi abrahmacarya (kuzIla) rUpa pApakarma ke phala haiM tathaiva asantoSa, avizvAsa evaM mahArambha Adi mUrchArUpa parigraha ke kuphala haiN| paMgu, kor3hI, lUlA, laMgar3A, dU~TA Adi apaMga avasthA niraparAdha trasa jIvoM kI jAna-bUjhakara hiMsA karane kA kuphala haiN| ye saba vividha pApakarmo ke vizeSa phala batAe gae haiN| vividha puNyakarmoM ke vizeSa phala / aba vividha puNyakarmoM ke vizeSa phala kI ora dekhiye| gautama pRcchA meM kucha praznottara isa sambandha meM bhI aMkita haiM prazna 1. bhagavan! kisa zubhakarma ke udaya se manuSya ko manacAhI bhogopabhoga sAmagrI anAyAsa hI milatI hai aura vaha nizciMta, nirdvandva hokara sukhAnubhava karatA hai ? uttara 1. gautama! prANi mAtra para dayAbhAva rakhane-rakhAne se tathA niHsvArthabhAva se paropakAra ke kArya karane se manuSya ke manovAMchita sukha-zAnti ke manoratha saphala hote haiN| prazna 2. bhagavan! kisa puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa manuSya ko nirmala tana-mana ethaM buddhi tathA sundara rUpa, lAvaNya aura caturatA Adi kI prApti hotI hai, vaha apane kula meM pratiSThA aura zobhA pAtA hai, sarvatra loga usakA Adara karate haiM ? uttara 2. gautama! jisane jinAjJApUrvaka vidhi sahita navabAr3a yukta brahmacarya kA tana-mana-vacana se pAlana kiyA hai, bAhya Abhyantara tapasyA kI ho, vaha nirmala, nirAmaya tana, mana Adi pAkara sukha-zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai| prazna 3. bhagavan! kisa puNyakarma ke prabhAva se manuSya dhana sampanna hokara sukha-zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai? For Personal & Private Use Only

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374 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) uttara 3. gautama! jo supAtra ( utkRSTa pAtra sAdhu-sAdhvI), pAtra ( samyagdRSTi zrAvaka) aura anukampApAtra (alpapAtra) ko nirdoSa sAtAkArI AhAra- pAnI zraddhApUrvaka detA hai, anAthoM, dInoM, apAhijoM tathA dukhiyoM evaM anAzritoM ko bhI samaya-samaya para yathocita dAna dekara apanI lakSmI kA sadupayoga karatA hai, vaha bhaviSya meM nIti-nyAyapUrNa AjIvikA se dhana sampanna hokara sukha-zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai|' prazna 4. bhagavan! svarga aura paramparA se apavarga (mokSa) kI prApti kisa upAya se hotI hai ? uttara 4. gautama ! jo manuSya samyagdarzanapUrvaka prazastarAgasahita tapa-saMyama kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, vaha devaloka prApta karatA hai| isake viparIta jo vItarAgatApUrvaka tapa-saMyama kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, vaha samasta karmoM kA kSaya karake mokSa prApta karatA hai prazna 5. bhagavan! sukhamaya dIrghajIvana kisa puNya ke phalasvarUpa prApta hotA hai? uttara 5. gautama! trasa jIvoM kI rakSA karane, satya bolane se, sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nirdoSa sAtAkArI AhAra-pAnI dene se manuSya ko sukha-zAntimaya dIrghajIvana prApta hotA hai| 1. prazna 6. bhagavan! kaI logoM ke mana meM bhaya nAma kI koI vastu nahIM hotI / prabho! aisA kisa puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa hotA hai ? uttara 6. gautama ! jisane bhayabhIta jIvoM ko sAntvanA, AzvAsana evaM Azraya dekara nirbhaya kiyA hai, unheM abhayadAna diyA hai, vaha manuSya ukta puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa nirbhayatA kI pratimUrti ho jAtA hai| prazna 7. bhagavan! kisa puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa manuSya balavAn hotA hai ? uttara 7. gautama! jisane tapasvI, rogI, vRddha, apaMga Adi kI jI-jAna se sevA (vaiyAvRtya) kI ho, vaha manuSya usa puNya ke phalasvarUpa balavAn hotA hai| prazna 8. bhagavan! kisa puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa kisI ke vacanoM meM mAdhurya hotA hai, sabhI usake vacanoM ko sunakara prasanna hote haiM ? uttara 8. gautama! apane samagra jIvana meM jisane satya bhASaNa hI kiyA ho, usa puNya ke kAraNa usakA vacana sabako priya evaM AnandadAyaka lagatA hai| prazna 9. bhagavan! koI manuSya sabako vallabha lagatA hai, vaha kisa puNyakarma kA phala hai ? (ka) vahI ( bhASAntara) (kha) vahI padyAnuvAda) For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma - mahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala ? 375 uttara 9. jisane zraddhAbhaktipUrvaka atyanta dharmArAdhanA kI ho, gautama ! vaha manuSya usa puNya ke phalasvarUpa sabhI ko vallabha lagatA hai| prazna 10. bhagavan! manuSya kisa puNyakarma ke kAraNa sura, asura, deva, dAnava, indra aura narendra Adi dvArA pUjanIya ho jAtA hai| uttara 10. gautama ! jisane mana-vacana-kAyA se zuddha bhAvanApUrvaka akhaNDa brahmacarya kA pAlana kiyA ho, vaha manuSya indra-narendra Adi ke dvArA pUjanIya ho jAtA hai| prazna 11. bhagavan! manuSya ko anAyAsa hI sukha-zAntidAyinI lakSmI kI prApti kisa puNya se hotI hai ? uttara 11. gautama ! jisane guptadAna diyA ho, use anAyAsa hI sukhazAntidAyinI lakSmI prApta hotI hai| prazna 12. bhagavan! manuSya sarvamAnya kisa puNya ke kAraNa hotA hai ? uttara 12. gautama ! parahita ke kArya karane se manuSya sarvamAnya - sarvapriya ho jAtA prazna 13. bhagavan! manuSya kA janma kisa puNyakarma se prApta hotA hai ? uttaraM 13. gautama! jo jIva prakRti se bhadrika ho, prakRti se vinIta ho, dayAbhAva se yukta ho tathA mAtsaryabhAva se rahita ho, use ukta puNya ke phalasvarUpa manuSyajanma prApta hotA hai| ye hI kucha pRcchA sUtra haiM, jo jIva ke dvArA puNya-pApa karma ke vizeSa phala kI prApti ke sUcaka haiN| karmarUpI mahAvRkSa ke ananta sAmAnya- vizeSa phaloM kI yahA~ jhA~kI dI gaI hai; jo samasta mAnava jAti ko yathArtha bodha dene ke lie paryApta hai| 1. (ka) laghu gautama pRcchA (bhASAntara) (kha) gautama pRcchA ( hindI padyAnuvAda) se For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphalaH vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAvAdi ke niyamAnusAra vanaspatijagat meM phaloM kI vividhatA vanaspatijagat meM hama dekhate haiM, ki vibhinna prakAra ke anAja, per3a, paudhe, latA Adi apanI-apanI prakRti (svabhAva), apane-apane kSetra, apane-apane kAla (samaya) aura apane-apane prakAra (dravya) ke niyamAnusAra phalita hote haiN| vanaspatijagat ke kisI bhI aMga (vRkSa, paudhe, anna Adi) kA dravya kSetra, kAla aura bhAva (svabhAva) ke vibhinna niyamoM ke anusAra paripAka (paripakva) hone para unameM vicitra prakAra ke phala lagate haiM yA phasala hotI hai| unameM se kaI phala to paripakva hone para khaTTe, mIThe, phIke, kar3ave, carapare Adi hote haiM, kaI sarasa hote haiM, kaI nIrasa, kaI puSTikAraka aura kaI hAnikAraka, kaI acche aura kaI kharAba hote haiN| kaI phala yA phasala dera se, kaI zIghra, kaI vasantaRtu meM, kaI grISma, varSA, yA zarad Rtu meM pakate haiN| ye phala bhI per3a, paudhoM yA beloM kI pRthak-pRthak jAti aura prakRti ke anusAra, tathA zItapradhAna, uSNatApradhAna athavA samazItoSNa kSetra ke anusAra, evaM patharIlI, retIlI, USara athavA cikanI miTTI vAlI bhUmi ke anusAra vibhinna kisma ke hote haiN| eka jAti ke vRkSoM ke bhI vibhinna svabhAva (prakRti), prakAra, vibhinna kSetra evaM vibhinna kAla meM tathA vRkSAropaNa yA bIjAropaNa karane vAle ke kauzala, bhAva, saMrakSaNa evaM saMvardhana ke anusAra vicitra kisma ke phala Ate haiN| vanaspatijagat meM aisI vibhinnatA aura vicitratA kyoM dRSTigocara hotI hai ? isake uttara meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki unake dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se sambandhita amuka-amuka niyama hote haiN| yaha niyamabaddhatA hI unakI vibhinnatA, vividhatA aura vicitratA ke kAraNa haiN| karmajagat meM bhI dravya-kSetrAdi ke niyamAnusAra karmaphala kI vibhinnatA ThIka yahI bAta AdhyAtmika jagat meM vividha karmarUpI vRkSa ke vibhinna phaloM ke viSaya meM samajha lenI caahie| ye karma bhI apanI ATha prakAra kI mUla prakRti ke tathA For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 377 vibhinna uttara (aMgopAMga) prakRtiyoM ke rUpa meM hote haiN| inameM se kaI karma sukhada aura kaI duHkhada phala dete haiN| kaI karma AtmA ke jJAnaguNa ko, kaI darzanaguNa ko AvRta kara dete haiM, kaI karma AtmA ke cAritra aura tapa rUpa guNa ko kuNThita aura vikRta kara dete haiN| kaI karma kisI kSetra se prabhAvita hokara apanA phala dete haiM, kaI kAla ke niyamAnusAra tathA kaI karma kartA ke tIvra-manda rAgAdi bhAvoM ke anusAra phala pradAna karate haiN| karma-phala kI yaha pRthaktA, vividhatA evaM vicitratA rAga-dveSAdi yA krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke tIvra-manda bhAvoM ke anusAra vibhinna prakAra ke kSetroM ke anusAra, tathA vibhinna prakAra kI bandha-sthiti (kAlasImA) ke anusAra tathA vibhinna prakAra kI prakRti ke niyamoM ko lekara hai| vanaspatijagat meM jaise phalita hone ke vibhinna niyama haiM, vaise hI karmajagat meM bhI phalita hone ke pRthak-pRthak niyama haiN| jainakarma-vijJAnamarmajJoM ne karmaphala ke ina vibhinna niyamoM kA pratipAdana vibhinna AgamoM aura granthoM meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| karmaphala ke ina vividha niyamoM kA parijJAna honA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se AtmArthI sAdhaka ke lie atIva Avazyaka hai| vibhinna niyamoM ke AdhAra para vividha karmoM ke vicitra phaloM kA nirUpaNa "jainakarma-vijJAna-marmajJoM ne karmakartA ke tIvra-manda rAgAdi pariNAma (bhAva), karma . karane ke kSetra, karmoM kI prakRti tathA karmoM ke paripakva hone ke kAla (sthiti) evaM karmoM ke parimANa (mAtrA yA saMkhyA) ke niyamoM ke anusAra vibhinna kisma ke karmoM ke pRthak-pRthak vicitra phala nirdhArita kiye haiN| una jaina karmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne karma ke phala ke viSaya meM manovijJAna, adhyAtmavijJAna, yogavijJAna Adi samasta vijJAnoM ke pariprekSya meM gaharAI se cintana-manana karake kucha niyamasUtra prastuta kiye haiN| yadyapi bhAratIya dharmoM aura darzanoM ne karma aura karmaphala taka apanA-apanA cintana prakaTa kiyA hai / parantu jitanA gaharAI se, pratyeka pahalU se, * vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se jaina karma-vijJAna ne mantavya prakaTa kiyA hai, utanA anya darzanoM aura dharmoM kI paramparA meM nahIM miltaa| yaha tathya hamane pichale pRSThoM meM spaSTatApUrvaka yukti, sUkti aura anubhUti ke AdhAra para prakaTa kiyA hai| karmaphala kA niyantA Izvara nahIM, svayaM karmaphala niyama anya dharma aura darzana ko mAnane vAle loga jahA~ Izvara ko karmaphala kA niyantA mAnakara nizcinta ho jAte haiM, Izvara ke hAthoM meM karmaphala sauMpa dete haiM, vahA~ jainadarzana karmaphala niyama ke hAthoM meM sauMpatA hai| Izvara ko karmaphala kA niyantA mAnane vAlA to yaha kahakara chuTTI pA letA hai ki paramAtmA kI aisI icchA thI, ataH aisA ho gayA / kintu For Personal & Private Use Only

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378 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karmavAdI yaha kahakara chuTTI nahIM pA sakatA ki karma kA aisA hI vidhAna thA, athavA karma kI aisI hI marjI thii| karmavijJAna-marmajJoM ne karmaphala ke sAtha-sAtha karmabandha ke niyamoM kI gaharAI se khoja kii| yadi hama una niyamoM kI dRSTi se karmaphala kI chAnabIna karate haiM, to mana meM eka prakAra kA santoSa, AzvAsana aura phala ko samabhAva se bhogane kA bala milatA hai| isa vicitra saMsAra meM hara prANI ke karma ke tathA padArtha ke, aNu-paramANu ke, zarIra aura indriyoM ke, mana aura vacana ke apane-apane niyama haiN| ve sabhI niyamAnusAra apanA kAma karate haiN| karmaphala viSayaka ye saba niyama svayaMkRta ( oTomaiTika) haiM, prAkRtika haiM aura sArvabhauma haiN| ataH isake niyamana meM bAhara se kRta yA Aropita vyavasthA yA niyantA kI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotii| jaina karmavijJAna-vettA sarvajJa-sarvadarzI vItarAga mahApuruSoM ne apanI anubhUti ke AdhAra para karmaphala ke niyamoM kI prarUpaNA kii| una niyamoM kA jAnanA pratyeka Astika vyakti ke lie atyanta Avazyaka hai|" karmaphala ke niyamoM ko na jAnane se hAni karmaphala ke niyamoM ko na jAnane ke kAraNa kaI bAra vyakti svayaM ulajhana meM par3a jAtA hai, athavA karma ke prati azraddhA prakaTa kara baiThatA hai, karmoM ko AMzikarUpa se kSaya karane tathA unase sarvathA mukta hone, naye karmoM ke praveza (Amrava) ko rokane para usakA vizvAsa uTha jAtA hai| karmavijJAna para avizvAsa ke sAtha-sAtha vaha bekhaTake azubha karmoM meM pravRtta ho jAtA hai, ghAtikarmamukta vItarAga jIvanmukta paramAtmA ke prati tathA ghAtiaghAti-aSTakarmamukta siddha paramAtmA ke prati bhI azraddhA prakaTa karatA rahatA hai / apanI AtmA ko karmaphala bhoga kara zuddha karane kI ora usakA dhyAna hI nahIM jAtA / koI saMkaTa Ane, aksamAt bImArI Adi prasaMgoM para use isa bAta kA bodha hI nahIM hotA ki yaha mere kisa karma kA phala hai ?2 karma-vijJAna niyamoM kI khoja para AdhArita hai saMsAra kA pratyeka bhautikavijJAna - vettA pahale niyamoM kI khoja karatA hai, phira 9. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 105 2. dekheM - uttarAdhyayanasUtra a. 2 parisahajjhayaNaM meM" se nUNaM mae puvvaM kammA' NANaphalAkaDA / jeNA'haM nAbhijAnAmi puTThoM keNai kaNhuI || aha pacchA uijjati kammA'NANaphalAkaDA / evamassAsi appANaM naccA kammavivAgayaM // " - uttarAdhyayana. a. 2 gA. 40-41 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 379 pratyeka padArtha (Matter) ke niyama ke anusAra vaha apanA zodhakArya Age bar3hAtA hai| ThIka isI prakAra jainakarma-vijJAna-vizeSajJoM ne AdhyAtmika kSetra meM AtmA ke sAtha karma ke Amnava, bandha, sattA, udaya, udIraNA, saMkramaNa, karmaphala tathA karmaphalabhoga kI sthiti, karmaphala kI tIvratA-mandatA Adi ke niyamoM kI khoja karake kucha niyama-sUtroM kA pratipAdana kiyaa| ___ yadyapi unhoMne svAnubhUti ke AdhAra para niyamoM kI khoja kI, kintu sabake jJAna kA kSayopazama, bauddhika kSamatA, anubhUti Adi eka-sI nahIM hotii| yadi samyagjJAna-prApti kI tIvratA, ruci, prabala jijJAsA aura zuddha bhAvanA ho to karma ke niyamoM kI khoja bhI sambhava hai aura anubhUti evaM bauddhika kSamatA kA vikAsa bhii| apane Apa bhI satya kI khoja karo : dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva ke pariprekSya meM isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sUtra diyA-appaNA saccamesejjA-"apane Apa (AtmA) se satya kA anveSaNa (khoja) kro|" jisameM pUrvAgraha ho, jo haThAgrahI ho, athavA jJAnaprApti ke lie utsuka na ho, hRdaya meM vastutattva ko jAnane kI tar3apana na ho, vaha satya kI khoja nahIM kara paataa| satya kI khoja ko hI dUsare zabdoM meM niyama kI khoja kaha sakate haiN| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra ne satya kI khoja ke lie cAra mukhya niyamoM kA prarUpaNa kiyaa| unhoMne batAyA ki kisI bhI ghaTanA, athavA vastutattva kA samyakparijJAna karanA ho to kama se kama ina cAra niyamoM se usakA samIkSaNa-anuprekSaNa kro| usake pazcAt hI usa viSaya meM nirNaya kro| jainadarzana ne dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina cAra dRSTiyoM ke AdhAra para niyamoM kA anveSaNa kiyA hai| dravyAdeza, kSetrAdeza, kAlAdeza aura bhAvAdeza, ina cAra AdezoM ke anusAra uttarakAla meM jainAcAryoM ne inakA vikAsa kiyA aura karma se sambandhita niyamoM kA vistAra se pratipAdana kiyaa|' satya kI khoja ke lie anuyogadvAra meM upakrama aura anuyoga kA Azraya ___ isake atirikta satya kI khoja ke lie unhoMne anuyogadvAra meM upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya, ye cAra dvAra batAe gaye haiN| inhIM ke AdhAra para vahA~ aura bhI dvAra satya (vastutattva ke jJAna) ke liye pratipAdita kiye gae haiM-nirdeza, puruSa (svAmitva), kAraNa, (sAdhana), kahA~ (adhikaraNa), kinameM, kAla (sthiti), kitane prakAra (vidhaan)| isI prakAra vahA~ isI sandarbha meM nau prakAra ke anugama batAe haiM, yathA-(1) satpadaprarUpaNA 1. (ka) jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 228 (kha) uttarAdhyayana a. 6 gA. 2 For Personal & Private Use Only

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380 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) (sat) (2) dravyapramANa (saMkhyA), (3) kSetra, (4) sparzanA (sparzana), (5) kAla, (6) antara, (7) bhAga, (8) bhAva aura (9) alp-bhutv| tatvArthasUtra meM bhI isI prakAra batAyA gayA hai| yahA~ hama inakI gaharAI meM jAnA nahIM caahte|' karmavipAka ke niyama bhI dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI paridhi meM vipAka (karmaphala) ke sambandha meM hameM yahA~ kucha niyamoM kI jhAMkI denI hai| sarvArthasiddhi aura 'kasAyapAhuDa' meM spaSTa kahA hai-karmoM kA phala pradAna karanA bAhya sAmagrI para AdhArita hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to karma mukhyatayA dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke anusAra hI phala dete haiN|2 karmaphala ke niyamoM ke jAnane aura na jAnane ke pariNAma karmaphala ke niyamoM ko inhIM anugamoM ke AdhAra para jAnA jA sakatA hai| jo karma ke tathA karmaphala ke kismoM ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha adhyAtma ko nahIM jAna sakatA aura na hI AdhyAtmika utkrAnti kara sakatA hai| AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ke liye karma ke bandha, kAraNa, kartA, phalabhoktA ke sAtha-sAtha karmaphala (karma-vipAka) ke niyamoM ko samajhanA bhI Avazyaka hai| karmaphala (vipAka) ke niyamoM ko na jAnane ke kAraNa vyakti pramAdadaza uddhata evaM svacchanda hokara karmoM ko bAMdhatA jAtA hai, kintu jaba ve karma sattA (saMcita) se nikalakara udaya meM Ate haiM, phala bhugavAne ke lie unmukha hote haiM, aura kaTu phala bhoganA par3atA hai, taba duHkha aura pazcAttApa kA pAra nahIM rhtaa| ___kaI sIdhe-sAde prakRti-bhadra manuSyoM ko pakSAghAta jaisA duHsAdhya roga ghera letA hai, vaha parAdhIna ho jAtA hai| usakI sthiti atyanta dayanIya bana jAtI hai| usa samaya vaha kiMkartavyavimUr3ha bana jAtA hai| agara karmaphala ke niyamoM kA vaha jAnakAra hotA to pahale se hI apane kRta, saMcita evaM upacita karma ke prati sajaga ho jAtA aura udaya meM Ane se pahale hI apane dvArA jAne-anajAne pUrvakRta karmoM, kA kSaya yA saMkramaNa karane kA vicAra 1. (ka) "niddese purise kAraNaM kahiM kesu kAlaM kivihN|' -anuyogadvAra sUtra sU. 151 (kha) "nirdesh-svaamitv-saadhnaadhikrnn-sthiti-vidhaantH|" -tattvArthasUtra a. 1, sU.7 (ga) aNugame navavidhe paNNatte taM jahA-saMtapayaparUvaNayA 1, davvapamANaM 2, khitta 3, phusaNA ya 4, kAlo ya 5, aMtara 6, bhAga 7, bhAva 8, appAbahuM 9, cev|| -anuyogadvAra sU. 80 (gha) 'stsNkhyaa-kssetr-sprshn-kaalaantr-bhaavaalp-bhutvaishc|' -tattvArthasUtra a. 1, sU. 8 2. (ka) sarvArthasiddhi (AcArya pUjyapAda) 8/21 pR. 398 (kha) kasAyapAhuDa, gA. 59/465 3. jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAe~ se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 228 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 381 krtaa| athavA karmaphalaniyamoM kA jJAtA hotA to vaha uddhata, nirdaya, kaThora evaM nirmama hokara dUsare prANiyoM ke prati hiMsA, asatya, ThagI, beImAnI, anyAya-atyAcAra, krUratA, bali, hatyA, balAtkAra, saMgrahakhorI Adi kA vyavahAra karake azubha (pApa) karma kA bandha na krtaa| vaha yahI socatA ki maiM jo dUsare prANiyoM ke prati krUra aura kaThora vyavahAra kara rahA hU~, dUsaroM ko pIr3A de rahA hU~, satA rahA hU~, gulAma banA kara unase manamAnA kAma le rahA hU~, unheM DarA-dhamakA rahA hU~, dUsaroM ko yAtanA de rahA hU~, kyA una krUra pApakarmoM kA phala mujhe nahIM bhoganA par3egA? dUsaroM ko pIr3A, duHkha evaM yAtanA dekara, saMtapta aura saMtrasta karake kyA maiM apane liye hI duHkha ke bIja nahIM bo rahA huuN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne Atmaupamya kI bhASA meM adhyAtma-vikAsa ke sAdhakoM ko yahI upadeza diyA thA. "tU vahI hai, jise tU mArane yogya jAnatA hai; tU vahI hai, jise tU apanI AjJA meM rakhane yogya mAnatA hai; tU vahI hai, jise tU paritApa dene yogya mAnatA hai; tU vahI hai, jise tU gulAma banAne ke liye pakar3ane yogya mAnatA hai; tU vahI hai jise tU DarAnA-dhamakAnA cAhatA hai / . karmaphala kA prathama niyama : dravya dRSTi se ___ ataH karmaphala kA prathama niyama yaha hai-kRtakarma ke anurUpa svayaM ko hI usakA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM spaSTa kahA hai-"jaisA kiyA huA karma, vaisA hI usakA phalabhoga hotA hai|" "atIta meM jaisA bhI kucha karma kiyA gayA hai, bhaviSya meM vaha usI rUpa meM phala dene hetu upasthita hotA hai|"2 / - dravyadRSTi se zubha yA azubha karma kA phala vahI bhogatA hai, jisane vaha karma kiyA hai| eka ke badale dUsarA usa karma kA phala nahIM bhoga paataa| karmavijJAna kA yaha siddhAnta hai ki karmakartA hI usakA phalabhoktA hotA hai, karma-bandha karane vAlA hI usa karma ke phala bhogane athavA karma kA kSaya (AMzika nirjarA), upazama, kSayopazama athavA saMvara karane kA adhikArI hai| eka ke bAMdhe hue yA kiye hue karma kA kSaya bhI usake badale dUsarA nahIM kara sakatA aura na hI dUsarA saMvara kara sakatA hai| dUsarA karmakSaya meM, karmaphala bhoga meM nimitta bana sakatA hai| 1. tumaMsi nAma sacceva jaM haMtavvaM ti manasi, tumaMsi nAma sacceva, jaM ajjAveyavvaM ti mantrasi, tumasi nAma sacceva jaM paritAveyavvaM ti manasi, tumaM si nAma sacceva jaM parighetavvaM ti manasi, tumasi nAma sacceva, jaM uddaveyavvaM ti mnsi|" -AcArAMga 1/5/5/ sU. 170 2.. sUtrakRtAMga 1/5/1/25, 1/5/2/23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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382 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karmaphala svecchA se zIghra bhogane aura anicchA se bAda meM bhogane meM antara isIlie eka jainAcArya ne kahA hai-"svakRtakoM ke bandha kA vipAka (phala) kheda rahita hokara abhI nahIM sahana karoge (nahIM bhogoge) to phira kabhI na kabhI sahana karanA hI pdd'egaa| yadi vaha karmaphala svecchA se svayaM bhoga loge to duHkha se zIghra chuTakArA ho jaaegaa| yadi anicchA se bhogoge to vaha sau bhavoM meM gamana kA kAraNa bhI ho jaaegaa|" dravyadRSTi se karmaphala-niyama kA vividha pahaluoM se vicAra dravyadRSTi se karmaphala kA yaha niyama bhI hai-manuSya jisa prakAra kI prakRti kA hai, jaise svabhAva yA saMskAra kA hai, karma kA bandha bhI vaha usI prakAra kA- tIvra yA mandarUpa se karegA, aura phira karma kA phala bhI tIvra yA mandarUpa se bhogegaa| agara karmakartA vivekI hai, samyagdRSTi hai, jAgrata hai aura apramatta hai to nirarthaka karma nahIM karegA, jisa karma kA karanA anivArya hogA, athavA mana se, vacana se yA kAyA se jisa karma ko karanA Avazyaka hogA, use bhI manda rAga, manda krodhAdivaza phUMka phUMka kara karegA, prazasta rAgavaza karegA, aprazasta rAga-dveSa se yA tIvra kaSAyabhAva se nahIM kregaa| isa kAraNa karmabandha bhI bahuta halakA hogA aura ukta karma kA phala bhoga (vipAka) bhI zubha, sukhada aura prazasta hogaa| ___agara karmakartA avivekI hai, mithyAdRSTi hai, pramAdI hai, ajAgrata hai to yA to vaha uddhata yA dhRSTa hokara svecchAcAritApUrvaka beroka-Toka karma karegA, vaha AsurI zaktiyukta vyakti mada, ahaMkAra aura ahaMkartRtva se prerita hokara karma kareMgA, nirarthaka yA hiMsAdijanya karma bhI karegA, usako apane jIvana meM yaha bodha prAyaH nahIM hogA, ki maiM jo kucha karma kara rahA hU~, usakA kitanA kaTuphala bhoganA par3egA? karma karate samaya usakA kaSAya bhI prAyaH manda nahIM hogA, rAgadveSa bhI manda nahIM hogaa| phalataH usa karma kA phala bhI duHkhada hI hogaa| eka hI samaya meM eka hI karma karane vAle do vyaktiyoM ke karmaphala meM dravyadRSTi se kAphI antara A jaaegaa| dravyadRSTi se karmaphala ke niyama kA eka phalitArtha yaha bhI sambhava hai ki eka karma dUsare vijAtIya karma kA phala nahIM de sktaa| jaise-jJAnAvaraNIya karma vedanIya, AyuSya, nAma, gotra Adi karmoM kA phala nahIM de sktaa| jJAnAvaraNIya karma baMdhA huA hai, to vaha jJAnaguNa ko hI AvRta karegA, AyuSya karma yA nAma gotra Adi karmoM kA phalabhoga nahIM kraayegaa| arthAt-jisa-jisa karma kA bandha hai, usa-usa karma kA hI jo phalAnubhAva hai, vahI phala vaha karma de sakatA hai| anya karma kA phala anya karma nahIM de sktaa| 1. "svakRta-pariNAmAnAM durnayAnAM vipaakH| punarapi sahanIyo'tra te nirgunnsy| .. svayamanubhavatA'sau duHkhakSayAya sadyo, bhavazatagatiheturjAyate 'nicchtste||" -eka jainAcArya For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 383 isI prakAra jo ghAtikarma haiM, ve AtmaguNoM ke vighAtaka tathA vikRtikAraka hone kA phalAnubhAva karA sakate haiM, kintu aghAtIkarmoM kA jo phala vizeSa hai, use ve nahIM de skte| aghAtI karma bhI apane-apane phalavizeSa kA anubhAva (vedana) karA sakate haiN| isI prakAra ghAtI karma bhI apane-apane phalavizeSa kA vedana karA sakate haiN| eka niyama : sajAtIya karmaprakRti kA sajAtIya karmaprakRti meM saMkramaNa ho sakatA hai dravyadRSTi se karmaphala ke niyama kA Azaya yaha bhI sambhava hai ki karma kI mUla prakRti ATha haiM, aura uttara prakRtiyA~ 148 athavA 158 haiN| saMkramaNa kA siddhAnta jainakarmavijJAna kI maulika dena hai| saMkramaNa meM azubha karma prakRti kA zubha karma prakRti meM aura zubha karma prakRti kA azubha karma prakRti meM rUpAntaraNa ho jAtA hai| ise Adhunika manovijJAna meM rUpAntarIkaraNa yA mArgAntarIkaraNa kahate haiN| yaha rUpAntaraNa yA mArgAntarIkaraNa kA saMkramaNa AyuSya evaM mohanIya karma ke sivAya kevala sajAtIya karma prakRtiyoM meM hI sambhava hai| phira vaha sajAtIya karma prakRti mUla prakRti ho, yA uttara prakRti ho| ___manovijJAna meM bhI rUpAntaraNa kevala sajAtIya prakRtiyoM (vRttiyoM-pravRttiyoM) meM hI sambhava mAnA gayA hai| manovijJAna aura karmavijJAna donoM hI vijAtIya prakRtiyoM (athavA vRtti-pravRttiyoM) ke sAtha saMkramaNa yA rUpAntaraNa nahIM maante| karmavijJAna ke anusAra pApa (azubha) karmoM (azubha-karma prakRtiyoM) ke bandha ke phalasvarUpa hone vAle duHkha, azAnti, vedanA Adi se chuTakArA dayA, dAna, paropakAra, janasevA, Adi puNya (zubha) karmoM (zubha karmaprakRtiyoM) se pAyA jA sakatA hai| parantu yaha rUpAntaraNa yA mArgAntarIkaraNa kevala sajAtIya karmaprakRtiyoM meM hI ho sakatA hai| jaise-asAtAvedanIya kA sAtAvedanIya meM, tathaiva sAtAvedanIya kA asAtAvedanIya meM, azubha nAma karma kI viziSTa karmaprakRtiyoM kA apanI-apanI sajAtIya zubha nAma karma prakRtiyoM meM, nIcagotra kA uccagotra meM, tathaiva uccagotra kA nIcagotra meM saMkramaNa (rUpAntaraNa yA mArgAntarIkaraNa) saMbhava hai| karmavipAka zabda ke zabdazaH do artha hote haiM-vividha pAka yA viziSTa paak| isakA phalitArtha hai-viziSTa rUpa se karmoM kA pknaa| arthAt-kaSAyAdi kI tIvratAmandatA ke anusAra karmoM kI vividha sukha-duHkharUpa phala dene kI zakti kA nihita honA karmavipAka kahalAtA hai| Agamika paribhASA meM vipAka anubhAva ko kahate haiN| saMkSepa meM 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita-'karaNa siddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' se ... pR.82-83 For Personal & Private Use Only

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384 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) artha hai- udaya yA udIraNA ke dvArA karmoM kA phalabhoga prApta honA vipAka hai|' vipAka ke svarUpa ko jAna lene se karmaphala ke niyamoM kA jAnanA AsAna ho jAtA hai| solaha vizeSatAoM se yukta karma hI vipAka (phalapradAna) ke yogya dravyadRSTi se yaha niyama bhI jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki kauna-kauna se karma phala dete haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to kina vizeSatAoM se yukta karma phala bhugavAne yogya hote haiM? prajJApanAsUtra ke 23veM pada meM karmaphala bhoga (anubhAva ) ke yogya ATha hI karmoM ke anubhAva (phalavipAka) ke sambandha meM carcA kI gaI hai| pratyeka karma ke phala (vipAka) kA vicAra karate samaya usake vipAka yogya hone ke nimnokta solaha upaniyamoM kA jAnanA Avazyaka hai - (1) baddha, (2) spRSTa, (3) baddhasparza-spRSTa, (4) saMcita, (5) cita, (6) upacita, (7) ApAkaprApta, (8) vipAka-prApta, (9) phala-prApta, (10) udaya-prApta, (11) jIva ke dvArA kRta, (12) jIva ke dvArA niSpAdita, (13) jIva ke dvArA pariNAmita, (14) svayaM udIrNa, (15) dUsare ke dvArA udIrita athavA 6) sva-para dvArA udIryamANa / inheM spaSTarUpa se samajhane ke lie inakI saMkSipta vyAkhyA karanI Avazyaka hai (1) baddha- jo karma pahale baMdhe hue hoM, ve hI phala dene yogya hote haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki jIva ke rAga-dveSAdi yA kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM se AkRSTa hokara jo karmaparamANu AtmapradezoM se baMdha- zliSTa ho gae hoM, ve baddha kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra se baddha karma hI anubhAva (vipAka=phalabhoga) ke yogya hote haiN| airyApathika Anava ke rUpa meM jo karma Ate haiM rAgadveSAdi kI snigdhatA na hone se AtmapradezoM se cipakate nahIM haiM, ve Ate haiM prathama samaya meM sAmAnya baddha hote haiM, dUsare 1. (ka) jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina ) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 215 (kha) sarvArthasiddhi 8/21 2. 44 (ka) dekheM prajJApanAsUtra ke 23 veM karmaprakRtipada ke paMcamadvAra ke sUtra 1679 kA mUla pATha.kammassa jIveNaM baddhassa, puTThassa, baddha- phAsa-puTThassa, saMcitassa, ciyassa, uvacitassa, AvAgapattassa, vivAgapattassa, phalapattassa, udayapattassa, jIveNaM kaDassa, jIveNaM nivvaniyassa jIveNaM pariNAmiyassa, sayaM vA udiNNassa, pareNa vA udIriyassa, tadubhaeNa vA udIrijjamANassa / (kha) dekheM - isI sUtra 1679 ke mUla pATha kA vizeSArtha (Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara ) khaNDa (ga) 3, pada 23/ pR. 19 .tAva iriyAvahiyaM kammaM nibaMdhai suhapharisaM dusamayaThiiyaM / taM paDhama samae baddhaM, biiyasamae veiyaM, taiya samae nijjiNNaM / .. - uttarAdhyayana a. 29 sU. 71 kA mUla pATha / For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 385 samaya meM vedana hotA hai tIsare samaya meM nirjIrNa hokara binA phala diye hI vApasa cale jAte haiN| vItarAga ghAtikarmarahita kevalI mahApuruSoM ke ve karma cipakate nahIM, isalie sirpha sukha-sparza karake vApasa cale jAte haiN| athavA pASANa sonA Adi jo Apasa meM milakara zliSTa ho jAte haiM, eka dUsare se sambaddha ho jAte haiM, ve baddha to haiM, kintu jIva ke rAgadveSAdi pariNAmoM se baddha nahIM haiM, karmarUpa meM baddha nahIM hai| ataeva ve karmaphala ke yogya nahIM hote haiN| (2) spRSTa-AtmapradezoM ke sAtha sambaddha ko spRSTa kahate haiN| arthAt-jo karmavargaNA ke pudgala AtmapradezoM ke sAtha pUrvoktarUpa se baddha to nahIM haiM, kintu jIva ke kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM se AkRSTa karmaparamANu sAmparAyika Asava ke rUpa meM jIva ke AtmapradezoM meM praviSTa ho gae haiM, ve spRSTa kahalAte haiN| vItarAga kevalI bhagavantoM ke cAra ghAtI karma to naSTa ho gae haiM, kintu bhavopagrAhI cAra aghAtI karma zeSa rahate haiM, kintu kaSAya na hone se ve karmaparamANu aipithika Amnava ke rUpa meM Ate avazya haiM, magara do-tIna samaya ke lie sparza karake binA phala diye hI vApasa cale jAte haiN| ve karma abandhaka (zuddha) kahalAte haiM, isalie phala dene (vipAka) ke yogya nahIM hote| - athavA pASANa, svarNa, Adi jo eka-dUsare se kevala spRSTa haiM, unake pIche koI rAga-dveSAdi nahIM hai, na hI karmapudgaloM se unakA koI vAstA hai, ataH aise ajIva (paudgalika) sparza se spRSTa pudgala karmaphala ke yogya nahIM hote| __ (3) baddha-sparza-spRSTa-jo karma pudgala jIva ke tIvra rAgadveSAdi yA tIvra kaSAya pariNAmoM se gAr3hatara rUpa se baddha haiM, paraspara eka dUsare ke sAtha gAr3hatara rUpa se spRSTa (zliSTa) haiM, ve baddha-sparza-spRSTa kahalAte haiN| arthAt jo karma AveSTana-pariveSTana rUpa se atyanta gAr3hatarabaddha haiN| aise karma hI phala dene (vipAka ke) yogya hote haiN| kaI karma aise hote haiM, jo nikAcita rUpa meM baMdhe hue hote haiM, rAgAdi kI atyanta snigdhatA ke kAraNa jo AtmapradezoM ke sAtha gAr3hatama rUpa se zliSTa ho gae haiM, unakA phala jIva ko avazya hI bhoganA par3atA hai| (4) saMcita-jo karma baMdhane ke pazcAt abhI sattA meM par3e hue haiM, aise saMcita karma abAdhAkAla pUrNa hone ke pazcAt hI phala dene yogya hote haiN| saMcita karma jaba taka udaya meM na AeM, athavA phala dene se pahale unakI udIraNA na kI ho, taba taka ve karma phala dene ke '. yogya hote hue bhI karmaphala nahIM de pAte haiN| saMcita karmoM ko karmaphala dene ke yogya isalie mAnA gayA hai ki agara jIva . jAgrata hokara udaya meM Ane se pUrva hI una karmoM kI udIraNA karake (udayakAla se pUrva hI) For Personal & Private Use Only

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386 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bhogakara kSaya karane kA kucha bhI puruSArtha nahIM karatA hai to ve saMcita karma udaya meM Ate hI phala denA prArambha kara dete haiN| (5) cita-jo karma caya ko prApta ho gae haiM, arthAt-uttarottara sthitiyoM meM pradeza-hAni aura rasavRddhi karake sthApita kiye gae haiM, ve karma cita kahalAte haiN| caya-prApta karma bhI samaya Ane para phala dete hI haiM, kyoMki baddha, spRSTa aura saMcita hone ke pazcAt hI karma cita hote haiN| karma ke jatthoM kA jamA ho jAnA hI unakA cita honA hai| (6) upacita-jo karma samAnajAtIya anya prakRtiyoM ke dalikoM meM saMkramaNa karake upacaya ko prApta haiN| arthAt-jo karma samAna jAtIya anya karmadalikoM se milakara bRddhiMgata ho gae haiN| ve upacita haiM, aise karma bhI samaya Ane para phala dete haiN| (7) ApAka-prApta-jo karma abhI thor3A-sA phala dene ke abhimukha huA hai, vaha ApAka-prApta kahalAtA hai| jisa prakAra Amra ke vRkSa meM Ama kA phala to laga jAtA hai, parantu abhI pUrNa rUpa se pakA nahIM hai; abhI kucha kaccA hai, kucha pakA hai| isI prakAra jisa karma kA abhI thor3A-sA paripAka huA hai, vaha jarA-sA phalonmukha huA hai| jaise-jvara Ane se pahale hAtha-paira TUTane lagate haiM, mastaka bhArI-bhArI ho jAtA hai| zarIra meM garmI A jAtI hai, yaha jvara kA prArambhika rUpa hai| jvara kA pUrNatayA paripAka taba hotA hai, jaba zarIra pUrA tapa jAtA hai, A~kheM lAla ho jAtI haiM, manuSya zithila hokara zayyA para leTane ko vivaza ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra ApAka-prApta karma bhI thor3A-sA phalonmukha ho jAtA hai| ApAka-prApta hone para vaha karma samaya Ane para phala bhugavAtA hI hai| (8) vipAka-prApta-aisA karma jo vipAka ko prApta huA hai, arthAt-vizeSa phala dene ko abhimukha huA hai, vaha vipAka-prApta hai| vipAka-prApta hone para karma apanA phala yathAsamaya detA hI hai| (9) phala-prApta-jo karma phala dene ko abhimukha huA hai, vaha phala-prApta hai| aisA karma bhI phala dene yogya hotA hai| (10) udaya-prApta-jo karma samagra-sAmagrI vazAt udaya ko prApta hai, vaha udaya-prApta hai| vaha to avazya hI phala detA hai| (11, 12, 13) jIva ke dvArA kRta, niSpAdita, pariNAmita-jIva ke dvArA kRta kA artha hai-karmabandhana-baddha jIva ke dvArA kRt| kyoMki rAgAdi pariNAma karmabandhana se baddha jIva ke hI hotA hai, karmabandhanamukta siddha jIva ke nhiiN| vItarAga ke sivAya saMsArI jIva upayoga svabhAva vAlA ho to vahI rAgAdi pariNAmoM se yukta hotA hai, anya nhiiN| karmabandhana se baddha jIva ke dvArA upArjita karma hI phala vipAka ke yogya hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 387 jIva ke dvArA niSpAdita kA artha hai-jIva ke dvArA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ke rUpa meM vyavasthApita kiyA gayA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi krm| Azaya yaha hai ki karmabandha ke samaya jIva sarvaprathama karmavargaNA ke sAdhAraNa (aviziSTa) pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai| arthAt usa samaya jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya Adi bheda nahIM hotaa| tatpazcAt vaha anAbhogika vIrya ke dvArA usI karmabandha ke samaya jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karma ko pRthak pRthak vizeSa rUpa se pariNata-vyavasthApita karatA hai| jaise-vibhinna prakAra AhAra ke pudgala udara meM jAne para rasAdi rUpa dhAtuoM ke rUpa meM pariNata kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra sAdhAraNa karma vargaNA ke pudgaloM ko grahaNa karake jJAnAvaraNIya Adi viziSTa rUpoM meM pariNata karanA-nirvartana (niSpAdita) karanA kahalAtA hai| jIva ke dvArA pariNAmita kA artha hai-pratyeka karma ke viziSTa kAraNoM se uttarottara pariNAma ko prApta kiyA gayA krm| jaise-jJAnapradveSa, jJAnanihnava Adi viziSTa kAraNoM se uttarottara pariNAma prApta jJAnAvaraNIya krm| pUrvokta tInoM prakAra ke karma phala dene yogya hote haiN|' phala dene (vipAka) yogya karma : svayaM udIrNa, pareNa udIrita tathA ubhayena udIryamANa - (14, 15, 16) svayaM udIrNa, para ke dvArA udIrita yA sva-para donoM ke dvArA udIrita-svayaM udIraNA karake jo karma udaya ko prApta karAyA gayA hai, vaha svayaM udIrNa karma kahalAtA hai| jaise-bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane viziSTa jJAna ke prakAza meM dekhA ki karmoM kA jatthA bahuta adhika hai aura AyuSya karma bahuta thor3A hai, ataH utane samaya meM hI . karmoM ko samabhAva se bhoga kara kSaya karane hetu unhoMne anArya deza meM vihAra kiyaa| vahA~ una para Ae hue ghora upasargoM tathA parISahoM ko unhoMne samabhAva se sahana karake adhikAMza avaziSTa aghAtikoM kA kSaya kiyaa| phira bhI zeSa bace hue karmoM ko unhoMne raktAtisAra vyAdhi, gozAlaka dvArA kRta AtaMka, sarvAnubhUti aura sunakSatra ina munidvaya kA usake dvArA ghAta Adi prasaMgoM para samabhAva se sahakara una karmoM kA kSaya kiyaa| ina prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne svayaM udIrNa karake, tathA gozAlaka Adi dvArA pareNa udIrita karake karmoM ko udayAvasthA meM prApta hote hI samabhAva se bhoga kara kSaya kiyaa| para ke dvArA udIrita ve karma haiM, jo dUsare ke nimitta se udIraNA kara udaya ko prApta karAye jAte haiN| kaI AdamI vimAna se yAtrA kara rahe the| aksamAt vimAna meM Aga 1. dekheM-prajJApanA sUtra pada 23 ke paMcama anubhAvadvAra kA vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) . pR.19-20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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388 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) lgii| vaha bhasma hokara nIce gira pdd'aa| usameM jitane yAtrI the, sabhI mara gye| isa ghaTanA meM AyuSyakarma jo bAda meM bhogakara kSaya kiyA jAne vAlA thA, vaha isa vimAna durghaTanA ke kAraNa zIghra udIraNA hone se arthAt- AyuSya karma udaya ko prApta hone se zIghra kSaya ho gyaa| yaha bhI pareNa udIrita karma haiN| sva-para-ubhaya dvArA udIryamANa- ve karma haiM, jinameM apane dvArA aura dUsare ke dvArA udIraNA karake jo karma udaya ko prApta karAye jA rahe hoN| jaise- eka sAdhaka ko aksamAt duHsAdhya vyAdhi ne A gherA, sAtha hI sAdhaka ne apane zarIra kI aMzakti, zithilatA Adi jAnakara svayaM AjIvana bhaktapratyAkhyAna nAmaka cauvihAra anazana (saMthArA) kara liyaa| isa ghaTanA meM vedanIya aura AyuSya donoM karmoM ko sva-para dvArA udIritaudayaprApta' kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta solaha prakAra kI vizeSatAoM se yukta karma hI vipAka (phalabhoga) ke yogya hote haiN| udaya ko prApta (udIrNa) hone ke pAMca nimitta inake atirikta vividha karmoM ke udaya ko prApta (udIrNa) hone ke pA~ca Alambana (nimitta) prajJApanAsUtra meM aura batAye gaye haiM - ( 1 ) gati ko prApta karake, (2) sthiti ko prApta karake, (3) bhava ko prApta karake, tathA (4) pudgala ko prApta karake evaM (5) pudgala-pariNAma ko prApta krke| inameM se prathama tIna svataH udIraNA ke nimitta haiM, aura zeSa do parataH udIraNA ke nimitta haiN| svanimitta se udaya ko prApta meM sarvaprathama nimitta haiM-gati / cAra gatiyA~ haiM-naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva / ina cAroM meM se kisI eka gati ko pAkara koI karma tIvra anubhAva (vipAka) vAlA ho jAtA hai| arthAt zIghra udaya ko prApta ho jAtA hai| jaiseasAtAvedanIya karma narakagati ko prApta karake zIghra udaya meM Akara tIvra anubhAva (phala bhoga) vAlA ho jAtA hai| nArakoM ke lie narakagati meM asAtAvedanIya karma jitanA tIvra asAtArUpa phala vedana kA nimitta hotA hai, utanA tiryaJcoM Adi ke lie tiryaJcagati Adi meM nahIM hotaa| karma ke zIghra udaya ko prApta hone meM dUsarA nimitta hai- sthiti| sarvotkRSTa sthiti ko prApta azubha karma mithyAtva ke samAna tIvra anubhAva vAlA hotA hai| tIsarA nimitta hai - bhava (janma) / Azaya yaha hai ki koI-koI karma kisI bhava (manuSyAdi janma) ko pAkara zIghra udaya meM Akara apanA vipAka vizeSa rUpa se prakaTa 1. dekheM, prajJApanAsUtra pada 23, sU. 1679 ke 'sayaM vA udiNNassa, pareNa vA udIriyassa tadubhaeNa vA udIrijjamANassa' mUla pATha kA vivecana ( A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR. 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 389 karatA hai| jaise-manuSya bhava yA tiryaJcabhava ko pAkara nidrArUpa darzanAvaraNIya karma apanA viziSTa anubhAva (phala) prakaTa karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI viziSTa gati, sthiti aura bhava ke nimitta se jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karma usa-usa gati, sthiti yA bhava ko prApta karake zIghra hI svayaM udaya ko prApta (phalAbhimukha) ho jAte haiN|' paranimitta se udaya ko prApta hone ke do nimitta ___ paranimitta se udaya ko prApta meM sarvaprathama nimitta hai-pudgl| pudgala ko prApta karake asAtAvedanIya athavA krodhAdirUpa kaSAyamohanIya karma Adi zIghra udaya ko prApta ho jAte haiM, arthAt inakI udIraNA ho jAtI hai| jaise-kisI ne patthara, DhelA Adi kisI para pheMkA, athavA talavAra Adi zastra se prahAra kiyA, aise samaya meM inameM se kisI pudgala (jar3apadArtha) ke nimitta se manuSya ghAyala yA mUrchita ho jAtA hai, to asAtAvedanIya karma kA zIghra udaya ho jAtA hai, athavA vyakti zastrAdi ke prahAra se zIghra hI mara jAtA hai, isameM AyuSya karma kI zIghra udIraNA ho gaI, yA prahAra karane vAle ke prati mana meM tIvra krodhAdi kaSAyamohanIya karma kA udaya hotA hai aura vyakti turaMta pratiprahAra karane ko udyata ho jAtA hai| ___ paranimitta se udaya ko prApta karma meM dUsarA nimitta hai-pudgalapariNAma arthAtpudgaloM ke pariNamana ke nimitta se bhI vyakti ke koI karma zIghra udaya meM A jAtA hai| jaise-kisI ne madyapAna kiyaa| usakA nazA car3hate hI jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA udaya ho gayA; usakI buddhi, viveka evaM jAnane kI zakti para AvaraNa A gyaa| . isa prakAra gatihetuka, sthitihetuka evaM bhavahetuka ye tIna vipAkodaya svataH udaya meM Ane vAle karma ke hetu haiM, jabaki pudgala hetuka evaM pudgala-pariNAma-hetuka ye do vipAkodaya parataH udaya meM Ane vAle karma ke hetu haiN| pudgala aura pudgala-pariNAma se udaya ko prApta karma vipAka ise vizeSa spaSTarUpa se samajhane ke lie eka udAharaNa le leM-vedanIya karma kI do prakRtiyA~ haiM-sAtAvedanIya aura asaataavedniiy| ina donoM se kramazaH sukha aura duHkha kA 1. dekheM, vahI, sU. 1679 ke mUla pATha "gatiM pappa, Thitipappa, bhavaM pappa, poggalaM pappa, poggalapariNAma 'pappa," kA vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 20 2. dekheM-prajJApanA sUtra pada 23, dvAra 5 sU. 1679 ke 'poggalaM pappa, poggalapariNAmaM pappa' kA vivecana __ (A. pra. samiti byAvara) pR. 20 - 3. vipAka sUtra prastAvanA (upAcArya devendra muni) se pR. 33 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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390 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) . vedana (anubhava) hotA hai| asAtAvedanIya karma ke zIghra udaya ko prApta (udIraNA) hone meM eka nimitta hai-pudgl| eka vyakti himAcala kI pahAr3iyoM ke pAsa banI sar3aka se jA rahA thaa| donoM ora pahAr3iyA~ thiiN| acAnaka pahAr3a se TUTakara eka pASANa usa para pdd'aa| aisI coTa lagI ki vaha ghAyala ho gyaa| usako asahya pIr3A ho gii| aksamAt AsAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya ho gyaa| isI prakAra anya karmoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| prajJApanA sUtra meM jJAnAvaraNIya se lekara antarAya karma taka ke anubhAvoM (vipAkoM) kA vistRta varNana hai| 'karmamahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala' nAmaka nibandha meM hama una sabakI carcA kara Ae haiN| ___ asAtAvedanIya ke zIghra udaya kA eka nimitta kAraNa hai-pudglprinnaam| jaisekisI vyakti ne dUMsa dUMsa kara sarasa bhojana khA liyaa| isa kAraNa ajIrNa ho gayA, UrdhvavAta (gaisa) hone lgaa| peTa meM udarazUla ho gyaa| yaha hai-AhAra ke pudgaloM ke nimitta se asAtAvedanIya karma kA zIghra vipaak| kisI sAdhaka ne dahI khUba khA liyaa| vaha dhyAna karane baitthaa| parantu dhyAna jamatA / hI nahIM, use bahuta nIMda Ane lgii| yaha hai-darzanAvaraNIya karma kA zIghra udaya meM Akara vipAka (phala bhoga) ke sammukha ho jaanaa| kisI ne mAMsAdi kA yA atyadhika mirca masAle se saMskArita tAmasika bhojana kiyaa| phira vaha dhyAna meM baiThegA to kyA dharmadhyAna meM mana jamegA? yaha nizcita hai ki usakA mana ucaTa jaaegaa| mana meM vikAroM kA, uttejanAoM kA andhar3a ubhar3ane lgegaa| isa prakAra cAritra-mohanIya karma ke zIghra udaya hone meM nimitta banA usa tAmasika AhAra ke pudgaloM kA pariNAma udaya ko prApta karma hI vipAka (phalapradAna) ke yogya hotA hai karma ATha haiM, aura ATha karmoM ke aneka vipAka (anubhAva) haiN| saMkSepa meM karmaphala ke niyama kI dRSTi se hamane vipAka kI carcA kara dI hai| isase niyama kA hArda samajha meM A jAegA ki karma vipAka ke yAnI phala dene yogya tabhI hotA hai, jaba vaha udaya ko prApta ho jaae| udaya ko prApta hue binA koI bhI karma phalonmukha nahIM hotaa| amuka-amuka viziSTa kAraNoM se amuka-amuka karma kA bandha hotA hai, kintu bandha hote hI tatkAla vaha karma 1. AThoM hI karmoM ke vividha anubhAvoM (vipAkoM) ke viSaya meM dekheM-"karmamahAvRkSa ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa phala" nAmaka nibndh| 2. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 72 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 391 phalonmukha nahIM hotA / vivekI sAdhaka cAhe to nikAcita rUpa se baddha karma ko chor3akara zeSa baddha karmoM ko udaya meM Ane se pahale bhoga sakatA hai| vipAkavicaya (karmaphala kA anuprekSaNa) : dharmadhyAna kA eka aMga dharmadhyAna ke cAra caraNa batAye gae haiN| unameM se tIsarA hai- vipAka-vicaya / usakA artha hai- vipAka kA anuprekSaNa / vipAka ko bArIkI se dekhanA / manuSya prAyaH andhAdhundha pravRtti karatA calA jAtA hai| vaha usake vipAka para dhyAna nahIM detA / pratyeka pravRtti ke vipAka (pariNAma) para dhyAna diyA jAe aura bArIkI se dekhane kA prayatna kiyA jAe ki isa pravRtti se upArjita karma kA kyA vipAka (phala) hogA ? athavA isa samaya kauna-se karma kA vipAka (phala) cala rahA hai ? to pravRttiyA~ bhI yatanApUrvaka hoMgI, Aveza, Avega aura ucchRMkhalatA ke sAtha koI bhI pravRtti nahIM hogI / jo vyakti vicAra, viveka evaM upayogapUrvaka pravRtti karatA hai, vaha bahuta saMtulana aura yatanA ke sAtha kArya kregaa| isase karmabandha bhI tIvra rUpa se nahIM hogA, ho sakatA hai, karma kI nirjarA bhI ho jaae| athavA Ate hue karma kA nirodha bhI ho jaae| yadi vyakti viveka aura yatanA se vimukha hokara, karma ke vipAka aura phala se A~kheM mUMda kara kArya karatA calA jAtA hai, to usase aniSTakara, avAMchanIya aura ahitakara kArya bhI ho jAte haiM, jinake lie use pIche pachatAnA par3atA hai| ataH antar kI gaharAI meM utarakara dekhanA cAhie ki buddhimandatA hai to kisa karma kA vipAka hai ? adhika nIMda satAtI hai to kisa karma kA vipAka hai ? roga yA vyAdhi kisa karma kA vipAka hai ? krodha, lobha, moha, ahaMkAra yA kapaTa AyA, vaha kisa karma kA vipAka hai ?" vipAkavicaya kA sugama upAya yadi hamAre indriya aura mana se hone vAle jJAna kI zakti AvRta evaM kuNThita hone lage to samajhanA cAhie ki jJAnAvaraNIya karma vipAka meM (phalonmukha ) AyA hai| yadi hamArI A~khoM se tathA anya indriyoM se sUkSmarUpa se dekhane ( socane-vicArane) kI zakti AvRta yA kuNThita ho jAe, athavA gaharI nIMda Ane lage, hara acchA kArya karate samaya nidrA satAne lage to samajhanA cAhie, darzanAvaraNIya karma ke phalonmukha hone (vipAka) se aisA hotA hai| yadi hamAre tana-mana-vacana aura indriyoM meM rAga-dveSa, kAma, krodha, lobha, moha evaM bhaya, ahaMkAra Adi AvegoM aura vAsanAoM-kAmanAoM kA cakra calane lage to samajhanA cAhie mohanIya karma phalonmukha ho rahA hai, vipAka meM AyA hai| roga, saMkaTa, 1. karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 77 For Personal & Private Use Only

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392 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) duHkha Adi kA vedana hone lage to samajhanA cAhie asAtAvedanIya karma kA vipAka hai| isI prakAra anya karmoM ke vipAka (phalonmukha) hone ko pahacAnanA caahie|' karmavipAka ko parivartita karane yA rokane se lAbha yadi vyakti pratyeka karma ke vipAka (anubhAva) se sAvadhAna rahe to vaha vipAka meM parivartana bhI lA sakatA hai, athavA vipAka meM Ane se pahale hI ukta karma kA phala udIraNA dvArA, tapasyA dvArA bhoga kara use kSaya kara sakatA hai, usa karma kI nirjarA kara sakatA hai| ___anAthI muni ne jaba dekha liyA ki merI cakSuvedanA itane-itane prayaloM aura upacAroM ke bAda bhI miTa nahIM rahI hai, balki vaha adhikAdhika bar3hatI jA rahI hai, taba unhoMne antara kI gaharAI meM utarakara cintana kiyaa| jaina pAribhASika zabdoM meM kaheM to vipAka-vicaya dhyAna kiyA, vipAka kA anuprekSaNa kiyA ki mere kisa karma kA vipAka ho rahA hai, yAnI kauna-sA karma udaya meM AyA hai ? unhoMne jaba jAna liyA ki asAtAvedanIya karma udaya meM AyA hai, vahI phalonmukha ho rahA hai, taba usa karma ke vipAka ko rokane kA, use niTAne kA eka saMkalpa kiyaa| zarIra aura AtmA kA yathArtha bhedavijJAna unhoMne kiyA, anyatvAnuprekSA kI,-maiM (AtmA) ekAkI hU~, ye sage sambandhI, Adi yA zarIra, indriyA~, mana, Adi mere nahIM haiM, yaha zarIra ko hone vAlI pIr3A merI nahIM hai| zarIra para mamatva ke kAraNa mujhe yaha pIr3A mahasUsa ho rahI hai| sAtha hI unhoMne azaraNAnuprekSA bhI kI-"ye svajanAdi, zarIrAdi, yA dhana, sAdhana, Adi koI bhI para-padArtha zaraNadAtA nahIM hai| AtmA hI eka mAtra AtmA kA nAtha hai, vahI zaraNadAtA hai|" isa prakAra kI anuprekSA karane ke pazcAt unhoMne mana hI mana saMkalpa kiyA"kSAnta, dAnta, nirArambha hokara anagAra dharma meM pravrajita hone para hI asAtAvedanIya karma ke phalasvarUpa hone vAlI yaha vipula vedanA miTa sakatI hai| ataH maiM vedanA se mukta hote hI kSAnta, dAnta, nirArambha hokara anagAra dharma meM pravrajita ho jaauuNgaa|'' aisA saMkalpa aura anaprekSaNa karate hI unakI vaha vedanA gAyaba ho gii| aura ve apane saMkalpa ke anusAra anagAra dharma meM pravrajita ho ge| 1. vahI, se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 78 2. dekheM-uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM anAthI muni kA saMkalpa -uttarA. a. 20 gA. 31, 32, 33 tao haM evamAhaMsu dukkhamAhu puNo punno| veyaNA aNubhaviuM je, saMsArammi annNte|| sayaM ca jai muccejjA, veyaNA viulaaio| khaMto daMto nirAraMbho pavvae anngaariyN|| evaM ca ciMtaittANaM pAsutto bhi nraahivaa| parIyataMtIe rAIe, veyaNA me khayaM gyaa|| For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 393 karmavipAka badalA jA sakatA hai isI prakAra jo karma vipAka meM Ane vAle haiM yadi unake prati vyakti pahale se hI jAgarUka ho jAe to vipAkoM meM parivartana lA sakatA hai, athavA vipAka ko Ane se pahale hI roka sakatA hai| mAna lIjie-ajJAnatAvaza, pramAdavaza, apanI hI bhUloM ke kAraNa kisI ne karma bAMdha liye| karma Akara usake Atma-pradezoM se cipaka gae, ve phalonmukha hone vAle haiM, unakA vipAkakAla nikaTa hI hai, usI samaya yadi sAvadhAna aura jAgrata hokara una baddha karmoM kI AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa) garhaNA, kSamApanA, anuprekSA, bhAvanA, prAyazcitta Adi kare to unakI dIrdhakAlika sthiti (kAlasImA) hrasvakAlika ho sakatI hai, tathA kaSAyAdi rasa meM mandatA hone se unakA anubhAva (rasa) bhI manda ho sakatA hai| isa kAraNa vaha azubha karma ko zubha meM pariNata kara sakatA hai, azubha karmavipAka ko zubha karmavipAka meM badala sakatA hai| kadAcit utkRSTa pazcAttApa aura tIvra "pariNAma hoM to una karmoM kA kSaya bhI ho sakatA hai| arthAt-vipAkonmukha karmoM kI zakti meM vyakti svayaM aisA parivartana lA sakatA hai, jisase una karmoM kA vipAka hI na ho ske| yaha atyanta mahatvapUrNa tathya hai,' vipAkavicaya nAmaka dharmadhyAna se yaha susAdhya bhI hai| prasannacandra rAjarSi ne karmavipAka meM parivartana karake use roka liyA prasannacandra rAjarSi dhyAnamudrA meM khar3e the| magadhanareza zreNika ke do sevaka usa rAste se jA rahe the| unameM se eka ne inakI zAnta, dAnta, prasanna mudrA kI prazaMsA kI, dUsare ne unakI nindA karate hue kahA-"yaha kAhe kA sAdhu hai! DhoMgI hai, bhagor3A hai! jina sAmantoM ke hAthoM meM putra ko sauMpakara AyA hai, ve sAmanta zatru rAjA se milakara rAjya hathiyAne ko : 'udyata ho rahe haiN| bhayaMkara saMgrAma ho rahA hai| inakA putra parezAna hai, prajA bhI pIr3ita hai|" yaha sunate hI rAjarSi atyanta roSa aura Aveza meM Akara yuddha ke lie sannaddha ho ge| mana hI mana zastrAstroM kI racanA karake zatrusenA kA mana se hI saMsAra karane lge| abhI sabako parAsta karake vijaya prApta kruuNgaa| unakA dharmadhyAna raudradhyAna meM pariNata ho gyaa| apanI isa raudra evaM ghora hiMsAtmaka manaHsthiti se rAjarSi saptama naraka meM jAne yogya karmabandha karane lge| - jaba svamanoracita zastrAstra samApta ho gae to apane mukuTa se zatru para prahAra karane hetu mastaka para hAtha le gae; parantu mastaka para hAtha jAte hI cauMke-are! mere mastaka para mukuTa kahA~ ? maiM to sAdhu hU~, samasta prANiyoM ko Atmatulya samajhane vAlA, sAre vizva 1. (ka) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNa siddhAntaH bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA lekha se, pR. 88 (kha) karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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394 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma ( 5 ). kA mitra! maiM hiMsA kA tIna karaNa tIna yoga se tyAgI hU~, mere dvArA itanI ghora hiMsA, mAnasika hiMsA !! ara ra ! isa hiMsA kA mujhe kitanA kuphala bhoganA par3egA ?" " pazcAttApa kI pAvanadhArA antar meM tIvragati se bahane lgii| rAjarSi ke naraka ke bandhana kramazaH TUTane lge| rAjarSi kA roSa aura raudradhyAna kama hotA gayA / jyoM-jyoM dhyAna evaM roSa manda mandatara hotA gayA, tyoM-tyoM nArakIya bandha bhI ghaTatA gyaa| sAtha hI pUrvabaddha sAtavIM Adi narakoM ke baMdha kI sthiti tathA anubhAga kama hokara pahalI naraka meM apavartita ho ge| tatpazcAt pariNAmoM meM aura vizuddhi AI / ve mana hI mana pazcAttApa ke sAtha sabase kSamAyAcanA karane lge| roSa, joza zAnta huA, santoSa aura maitrIbhAva bddh'aa| ataH pUrvabaddha narakagati kA bandha devagati meM rUpAntarita ho gayA; saMkramita ho gyaa| phira guNasthAna kI zreNI kramazaH car3hate car3hate bhAvoM meM atyanta vizuddhi huI, kaSAyoM kA upazamana huaa| ataH anuttaravimAna- devagati kA bandha huA / tatpazcAt bhAvoM kI vizeSa vizuddhi tathA svarUpa- ramaNatA tIvra hone se para bhAvoM evaM vibhAvoM se kinArAkazI kara lii| phalataH pApakarmoM kA sthitighAta aura rasaghAta ho gyaa| karmoM kI tIvratApUrvaka udIraNA huii| phira kaSAyoM kA sarvathA kSaya hone se vItarAgatA aura kevalajJAna sampadA prApta huii| isa prakAra prasannacandra rAjarSi vipAka -vicaya kI sAdhanA se, tathA vartamAna meM pracalita, bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ke puruSArtha se tathA pUrvabaddha karmoM kA urSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa evaM udIraNA Adi kriyAeM (karaNa) hone se kRtakRtya ho ge| zIghra hI sarvakarmakSaya karake ve siddha, buddha, mukta ho ge|' yaha hai vipAkavicaya ke anuprekSaNa kA suphala / pUrvabaddha pApa-puNya karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM saMkramaNa kA niyama ataH karmaphala kA yaha niyama pratiphalita huA ki pratyeka vyakti apane pUrvajanma meM baddha yA isa janma meM pUrvakRta azubha evaM duHkhada pApakarmoM kI sthiti evaM anubhAga ko vartamAna meM apanI zubha pravRttiyoM se zubhakarma bAMdhakara ghaTA sakatA hai aura zubha tathA sukhada puNyakarmoM meM saMkramita kara sakatA hai| isake viparIta vartamAna meM apanI duSpravRttiyoM se azubha pApakarma bAMdhakara pUrvabaddha zubha - sukhada karmoM ko azubha - duHkhada karmoM ke rUpa meM saMkramita kara sakatA hai| 1. (ka) dekheM, tIrthaMkara mahAvIra (zrIcandra surAnA) meM prasannacandra rAjarSivRtta (kha) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita "karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA" lekha se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 88-89 2 . vahI, pR. 89 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 395 karmoM kA phalabhoga do prakAra se: tathAvipAka aura anyathAvipAka ke rUpa meM isa niyama ke anusAra yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki pUrvabaddha karmoM kA phala usI rUpa meM bhoganA pdd'e| isake ApavAdika niyama bhI haiN| karmavipAka do prakAra se hotA haitathAvipAka aura anyathAvipAka tathAvipAka kA artha hai - jisa rUpa meM karma bAMdhA hai, usI rUpa meM usakA phala bhoganA / mAna lo, kisI vyakti ne kisI ke pitA kI hatyA kara dI; agale janma meM usane usake pitA kI hatyA kara dii| yaha tathAvipAka hai| aphagAnistAna Adi ke paThAnoM meM prAyaH aisI prathA hai ki kisI ne kisI ke putra kA sira talavAra se kATa DAlA to usakA putra yA pitA usI prakAra se usakA sira talavAra se kATa DAlatA hai| dUsarA prakAra hai-anyathAvipAka / usakA artha hai, jisa rUpa meM karma bAMdhA hai, usI rUpa meM usakA phala na bhogakara anyathA rUpa meM bhoganA / jaise- kisI vyakti ne kisI kA dhana curA liyA, sAmane vAlA vyakti usakI hatyA kara detA hai, yA use pITa-pITa kara adhamarA kara detA hai| yaha anyathArUpa se karma kA phalabhoga huaa|' karmaphala ke sambandha meM itane vivecana ke pazcAt cAra niyama pratiphalita hote haiM(1) karma kA phala avazya hI milatA hai| (2) vaha sarvathA hamArI icchAnukUla hI ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM; kabhI kama prApta hotA hai, kabhI adhika aura kabhI vipriit| (3) karma karane ke bAda phala-prApti kartRtva ke adhIna na hokara bhoktRtva ke adhIna hotI hai / phala prApti hotI hai, kI nahIM jaatii| bIja bonA aura use siMcita karane kA kArya bAgavAna ke adhIna hai, kintu Ama utpanna karanA usakA kAma nahIM / (4) karma vartamAna meM hotA hai, usakA phala bhoga bhaviSya meM aura kabhI-kabhI sudUra bhaviSya meM bhI hotA hai / karmaphalavedana evambhUta yA anevambhUta? isa sambandha meM bhagavatI sUtra meM eka praznottarI bhI hai| gaNadhara gautama ne bha. mahAvIra se pUchA-bhagavan ! anyayUthikoM kA yaha abhimata hai ki sabhI jIva evaMbhUtavedanA (jisa prakAra se karma bAMdhA hai, usI prakAra ) bhogate haiM, kyA yaha kathana ucita hai ?" bhagavAn ne kahA-'"gautama! anyayUthikoM kA yaha ekAntakathana mithyA hai| merA yaha abhimata hai ki kitane hI jIva evambhUtavedanA bhogate haiM aura kitane hI jIva anevaMbhUtavedanA bhI bhogate haiN| " gautama ne punaH prazna kiyA- "bhagavan ! yaha kaise ?" 1. (ka) jainadharma: arhat aura arhatAe~ se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 228 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra For Personal & Private Use Only

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396 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ___bhagavAn ne kahA-"gautama! jo jIva kiye hue karmoM ke anusAra hI vedanA (phala) bhogate haiM, ve evambhUtavedanA bhogate haiM aura jo jIva kiye hue karmoM se anyathA vedanA (phala) bhogate haiM, ve anevambhUta vedanA bhogate haiN|' udvartanAkaraNa aura apavartanAkaraNa ke dvArA bhI niyamAnusAra karmavipAka badalA jA sakatA hai ____jo loga kahate haiM ki karma karane ke bAda jAgarUka hone se kyA lAbha? usakA phala to usI rUpa meM bhoganA par3egA, unakI ekAnta dhAraNA yathArtha nahIM hai| karmavipAka ke vicitra niyama haiN| unameM se eka niyama yaha bhI hai ki manuSya yadi kRtakarma ke prati sAvadhAna ho jAe aura azubha ko zubha meM pariNata karane kA puruSArtha kare to karma ke vipAka ko badalA jA sakatA hai| udvartanAkaraNa evaM apavartanAkaraNa karmavijJAna ke dvArA prarUpita aise siddhAnta haiM, jinameM se udvartanAkaraNa se pUrvabaddha zubhAzubha karmoM ke anurUpa adhikAdhika pravRtti karane se, adhika rasa lene se karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM vRddhi ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra apavartanAkaraNa se pUrvabaddha zubhAzubha karmoM kI sthiti aura rasa meM kamI A jAtI udvartanAkaraNa ko eka udAharaNa se spaSTa samajha leM-eka lar3akA pahale pAThazAlA meM kisI kI sleTa, pustaka curAne lgaa| usakA lobha uttarottara bar3hatA gyaa| usakI mAM bhI usake dvArA curAI gaI vastue~ rakha letii| usakI corI kI Adata ko protsAhana milane lgaa| aba vaha coroM ke giroha meM milakara bar3I-bar3I coriyA~ adhikAdhika karane lgaa| isa prakAra lAbha kI vRtti-pravRtti ke kAraNa choTI corI ke kAraNa pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti aura anubhAga (rasa) meM aba bar3I corI adhikAdhika rUpa se karane se vRddhi hotI gii| isa prakAra pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti aura rasa meM vRddhi honA udvartanA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki pUrvabaddha karmoM ko, usase adhika tIvra rasa, tIvra rAga-dveSa evaM prabala kaSAya kA nimitta milane se unakI sthiti aura phala dene kI zakti pahale se adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| kaSAya kI vRddhi se Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA tathA samasta pApakarmoM ke rasa (anubhAga) meM udvartana hotA hai| isake viparIta vizuddhi (zubhabhAvoM) se puNyaprakRtiyoM ke anubhAga (rasa) meM udvartana hotA hai| isI prakAra aparvatanAkaraNa se pUrvabaddha zubhAzubha karmoM kI sthiti evaM rasa meM kamI A jAtI hai| kisI vyakti ne pahale kisI azubha karma kA baMdha kara liyA, kintu bAda meM 1. bhagavatI sUtra za. 1 u. 3 sU. 35 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 397 vaha saMbhala kara zubha karma (kArya) karatA hai, to usake dvArA pUrvabaddha karmoM kI sthiti evaM phaladAna zakti ghaTa jAtI hai| jaise - magadha samrATa, zreNika ne bha. mahAvIra ke samparka meM Ane se pUrva, krUra karma karake saptama naraka kA AyuSya bAMdha liyA thA, kintu bAda meM bha. mahAvIra kI zaraNa meM Ane tathA unakI paryupAsanA karane se use samyaktva prApta huaa| apane pUrvakRta azubha karmoM para pazcAttApa karane se, zubha bhAvoM ke nimitta se usake dvArA pUrvabaddha saptama naraka kA AyuSya karma ghaTakara prathama naraka kA hI raha gyaa| isI prakAra koI pahale acche karma kare usase uccastarIya devagati kA bandha ho jAe, kintu bAda meM usake zubhabhAvoM meM girAvaTa A jAe to usake uccastarIya devagati kA bandha ghaTakara nimnastarIya devagati kA ho jAtA hai| jaise-kheta meM ugAe hue paudhe ko anukUla khAda, pAnI, tApa va jalavAyu na mile to usakI Ayu evaM phaladAna zakti ghaTa jAtI hai, isI prakAra pUrvabaddha tathA sattA meM sthita (saMcita) azubha karma ke bandha ko usake pratikUla pratIkAraka saMvara evaM AlocanA, prAyazcitta Adi karane se usakI sthiti evaM phaladAna zakti ghaTa jAtI hai|" isa prakAra karmaphala,bhoga (vipAka) ke aneka ApavAdika niyama haiN| caturvidha-saMkramaNa ke niyama bhI karmaphala ke niyama haiN| isI prakAra prakRti - saMkramaNa, sthiti-saMkramaNa, anubhAga-saMkramaNa aura pradezasaMkramaNa ke bhI vibhinna niyama haiN| una niyamoM ke anusAra karmaphala ( vipAka) meM kAphI parivartana evaM rUpAntaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha saMkramaNa yA rUpAntaraNa karma kI mUlaprakRtiyoM meM paraspara nahIM hotA, kevala apanI sajAtIya uttaraprakRtiyoM meM hI yaha sambhava hai| karmoM kA upazamana : phala pradAna karane meM amuka kAla taka akSama : eka niyama karmoM kA upazamana bhI unake phala dene kI zakti ko kucha samaya ke lie dabA detA hai| athavA unheM amuka kAla- vizeSa taka phala dene meM akSama banA diyA jAtA hai| upazamana eka prakAra se karma ko DhakI huI agni ke samAna banA denA hai| jisa prakAra rAkha se DhakI huI Aga havA Adi se usa AvaraNa ke dUra hote hI punaH prajvalita ho uThatI hai, usI prakAra karmoM ke upazamana kI avasthA kisI nimitta se haTate hI karma punaH udaya meM Akara 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se sArAMza grahaNa, pRSTha 80-81 2 dekheM - sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna 4 u. 4 sU. 216 For Personal & Private Use Only

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398 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) phala de sakatA hai| upazamana se karma kI sattA naSTa nahIM hotI, sirpha amuka kAlavizeSa taka vaha phala dene meM akSama rahatA hai| upazamana kevala mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM meM ho sakatA hai| jisa prakAra varSA ke jala se jamIna para papar3I A jAne se bhUmi meM sthita paudhe daba jAte haiM, unakA bar3hanA ruka jAtA hai, vaise hI karmoM ko jJAnabala yA saMyama se dabA dene se unakA phala denA ruka jAtA hai| oNparezana karate samaya pIr3A yA kaSTa kA anubhava na ho, isake lie DaoNkTara iMjekzana dete haiM, yA gaisa yA klorophArma sU~ghAte haiN| isase pIr3A yA darda kA zamana ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra jJAna aura kriyA vizeSa se mohanIya karma prakRtiyoM ke kuphala kA zamana kiyA jAtA hai| kintu jisa prakAra iMjekzana yA davA se darda kA zamana hone para ghAva bharatA jAtA hai, ghAva bharane kA samaya bhI kama hotA jAtA hai, usI prakAra moha-karma prakRtiyoM ke phalabhoga kA upazamana hone para bhI unakI sthiti, anubhAga, evaM pradeza ghaTane kI sambhAvanA ho jAtI hai| vastutaH upazamana AtmazAnti evaM Atmazakti ke prakaTIkaraNa meM sahAyaka hotA hai|' niyatavipAka aura aniyatavipAka : eka cintana karmaphala ke sambandha meM vicAra karate samaya yaha niyama dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki kucha karma aise hote haiM, jinakA vipAka (phalabhoga) niyata hotA hai, unameM kisI bhI prakAra. kA parivartana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, use usI rUpa meM avazya bhoganA hI par3atA hai| jaise kaiMsara Adi asAdhya rogoM kI pIr3A ko bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM ho sakatA, vaise jisa karma ke phala ko bhoge binA chuTakArA na ho sake, vaha niyatavipAka rUpa nikAcita karma hai| nikAcita karma meM saMkramaNa, udIraNA, udvartana yA apavartanakaraNa ke rUpa meM parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| dUsarA karma aniyatavipAka rUpa hai, jisameM saMkramaNa, udvartana, apavartana Adi ke rUpa meM karmaphala meM parivartana ho sakatA hai| jaina paribhASA meM ina donoM ko kramazaH nikAcita (jisakA vipAka anyathA na ho sake) aura anikAcita (jisakA vipAka anyathA bhI ho sakatA hai, aisA ) karma / inheM hI dUsare zabdoM meM inheM nirupakrama (jisakA koI pratIkAra na ho sake, udaya anyathA na ho sake) aura sopakrama (jo upacAra- sAdhya ho ) kahA gayA hai| 'nikAcita karma kA lakSaNa yaha hai ki jinakA bandha jisa vipAka ko lekara hotA hai, usI vipAka ke dvArA ve kSaya (nirjarita) hote haiN| dUsare anikAcita karma hote haiM, jinakA 9. (ka) jaina bauddha gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhA. 1 (DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 320 (kha) jinavANI : karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNasiddhAnta : bhAgya nirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se pR. 87 A For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 399 vipAka usI rUpa meM anivArya nahIM hotaa| unake vipAka ke svarUpa, mAtrA, kAlAvadhi, evaM tIvratA Adi meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH karmoM ke arjana ke pIche rahI huI kaSAyoM kI tIvratA-mandatA ke AdhAra para hI kramazaH niyatavipAkI aura aniyatavipAkI karmoM kA bandha hotA hai| tIvra kaSAya ke kAraNa hue tIvra evaM pragAr3ha bandha vAle karmoM kA vipAka niyata hotA hai, alpakaSAya vAle karmoM kA bandha bhI zithila hotA hai aura vipAka bhI aniyt| bauddhadarzana meM bhI niyatavipAkI aura aniyatavipAkI donoM prakAra ke karma mAne haiN| jina karmoM kA phalabhoga tathA pratisaMvedana anivArya ho, vaha niyatavipAkI haiM tathA jinakA phalabhoga evaM pratisaMvedana anivArya na ho, ve karma aniyatavipAkI haiN| niyatavipAka ke cAra bheda haiM-(1) dRSTa dharma vedanIya (isI janma meM anivArya phala denevAlA), (2) upapadyavedanIya (upapanna hokara anantara janma meM anivArya phala dene vAlA), (3) aparAparya vedanIya (vilamba se anivArya phala pradAtA karma), (4) aniyata vedanIya (svabhAva badalA jA sakatA hai, kintu phala bhoganA anivArya hai)| isake viparIta aniyata vipAka karma ke bhI cAra bheda inhIM rUpoM vAle haiN| kintu cAroM meM phalabhoga Avazyaka nahIM haiN| vaidika paramparA meM bhI karmavipAka kI niyatatA aura aniyatatA donoM mAnI gaI haiN| 'jJAnAgni sabhI karmoM ko naSTa kara detI hai' gItA kA yaha vAkya karmoM ke vipAka kI aniyatatA ko sUcita karata hai| isI prakAra 'prArabdha karmoM kA bhoga anivArya hai, isa vAkya dvArA karmavipAka kI niyatatA svIkRta kI gaI hai| karmavipAka meM upAdAna kI apekSA nimitta kA mahatva adhika jainadarzana meM nimitta aura upAdAna donoM ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| donoM hI apane-apane sthAna para mahattvapUrNa haiN| vipAka (karmaphala) ke sambandha meM upAdAna kI apekSA nimittoM kA adhika mahattva hai| prajJApanAsUtra meM vipAka ke nimittoM kA vizeSa nirUpaNa kiyA hai| pratyeka karma ke vipAka meM vahA~ gati, sthiti, bhava, pudgala aura - pudgala-pariNAma, ye 5 mukhya nimitta batAe gae haiM, jinakA vizleSaNa hama pUrvapRSThoM meM kara Ae haiN| ... jainakarmavijJAna marmajJoM ne karmavipAka ke lie pAMca mukhya nimitta batAe haiM-dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhv| ina pAMca nimittoM-AlambanoM ke AdhAra para karmavipAka kA 1. ye hI donoM kramazaH pR. 322, 323 tathA 79 2. 'jJAnAgniH sadyakarmANi bhasmasAt kurute'rjuna! -bhagavadgItA 4/37 For Personal & Private Use Only

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400 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) prAsAda khar3A kiyA hai| isI AdhAra para karmaprakRtiyoM ko vipAka (phaladAna) kI dRSTi se cAra bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM- kSetravipAkI, jIvavipAkI, pudgalavipAkI, aura bhavavipAkI / karmavipAka ke niyama dravyAdi cAroM yA pAMcoM para athavA kSetravipAkI Adi cAroM buniyAdoM para AdhArita haiN|? karmavipAka kA dravyagata niyama karmavipAka kA eka nimitta hai - dravya / dravyarUpa nimitta para bhI karmaphala (vipAka) ke niyamoM kA dAromadAra hai| prajJApanAsUtra meM dravyarUpa nimitta meM pudgala aura pudgalapariNAma ko batAyA hai| kisI vyakti ne ahitakara, amanojJa yA dUSita athavA viSamizrita bhojana kiyaa| usase roga ho gyaa| roga hone se asAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya huaa| yahA~ asAtAvedanIya karma ke phalonmukha hone meM ahitakara bhojanarUpa pudgala kA pariNAma nimitta bnaa| kSetra ke nimitta se hone vAle karmavipAka ke niyama karma ke vipAka kA eka nimitta hai - kSetra / kisI kSetra meM kisI karma kA vipAka hotA hai, vaha karma udaya meM Akara phalonmukha ho jAtA hai, jabaki dUsare kSetra meM, usa karma kA vipAka nahIM hotaa| jaise uTakamaNDa (UTI), Adi zItapradhAna kSetra haiM, jabaki rAjasthAna, aphrIkA, madrAsa Adi uSNapradhAna kSetra haiN| zItapradhAna deza meM zItajanya roga adhika hote haiM, uSNatA-pradhAna deza meM uSNatAjanya roga adhika hote haiN| pratyeka vyakti kA bhaugolika (kSetragata ) tathA dravyagata kAraNa bhinna bhinna hotA hai, usI ke anurUpa karmoM ke vipAka meM bhinnatA evaM taratamatA hotI hai| jisa kSetra meM garmI kA prakopa adhika hotA hai, vahA~ lU lagatI hai, jahA~ sardI kA prakopa adhika hotA hai, vahA~ jukAma, phlU, Adi rogoM kA Adhikya hotA hai| kSetragata bhinnatA ke kAraNa vipAka meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| tamilanADu meM rahane vAle vyaktiyoM ko hAthIpagA roga ho jAtA hai, unake paira hAthI ke paira kI taraha sUja jAte haiM, parantu rAjasthAna, madhyapradeza Adi meM aisA nahIM hotA / kSetragata nimitta ke kAraNa karma ke vipAka (phalabhoga) meM yaha antara A jAtA hai| bambaI meM rahane vAle adhikAMza logoM ko snigdha vAyu ke kAraNa damA, zvAsa Adi kI bImArI ho jAtI hai, kintu rAjasthAna meM vaisA nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra kucha logoM ne aise kSetra ko chor3a diyA aura apanA kArobAra madhyapradeza 1. (ka) karmavijJAna bhA. 1 khaNDa 3 meM dekheM - kSetravipAkI Adi karmaprakRtiyoM kA svarUpa, pR. 497 (kha) karmavAda se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 78 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 401 evaM rAjasthAna meM kara liyaa| vahA~ rahane se kSetrAntara hone se karma kA vipAka bhI badala gyaa| vahA~ unake vaha bImArI na hone se asAtAvedanIya karma kA vipAka nahIM huaa|' sthAnavizeSa bhI karmavipAka meM kAraNa bana jAtA hai| zravaNakumAra jaba apane mAtA-pitA ko kAvar3a meM baiThAkara kurukSetra kI bhUmi se gujara rahA thA, taba usake pariNAmoM meM akasmAt krUratA A gii| vaha Aveza meM Akara mAtA-pitA ke prati azraddhA prakaTa karane lagA; kintu usa sthAna ko chor3akara jaba vaha dUsare kSetra kI bhUmi meM pahu~cA to usake pariNAma punaH zuddha ho gae, vaha pazcAttApapUrvaka kSamAyAcanA karane lgaa| yaha kSetra vizeSa kA prabhAva thaa| usake kAraNa krodhAdi kaSAyamohanIya karma ke vipAka meM bhI antara A gyaa| - bhagavAn mahAvIra jaba lADhadeza ke vajrabhUmi (vairabhUmi), siMhabhUmi, Adi anArya pradezoM meM vicaraNa kara rahe the, to vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ke svabhAva meM atyanta rUkSatA, kaThoratA evaM nirdayatA thii| usakA kAraNa zAstrakAra batAte haiM ki vahA~ ghI, dUdha, dahI Adi snigdha padArthoM kA bilkula abhAva thaa| ve bhI rUkhA-sUkhA bhojana karate the isalie rUkhA-sUkhA anAja hI khAne ko milatA thaa| isI kAraNa una logoM ke svabhAva meM snigdhatA, komalatA, evaM dayAlutA bahuta kama thii| yaha kSetragata karmavipAka samajhanA caahie|" eka kSetra meM karma kA udaya, dUsare kSetra meM karma kA kSaya . isI prakAra eka kSetra (sthAna-vizeSa) meM karma kA udaya ho jAtA hai, dUsare kSetra meM karma kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| bharata cakravartI kA caritra likhane vAle kucha lekhakoM ne unake rAjamahaloM kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai-jisa mahala meM bharata cakravartI ko kevalajJAna huA thA, vaha zIzamahala thaa| usa zIzamahala meM bharata cakravartI ke atirikta aura sAta rAjAoM ko bhI kevalajJAna ho gayA thaa| 1. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 92 2. 'kucha dekhI, kucha sunI' (sva. munizrI lAbhacandrajI ma.) se 3. dekheM, AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 9 'upadhAnazruta' meM aha duccaralADhamacArI vajjabhUmi submabhUmiM c| patta sejja seviMsu, AsaNagAI ceva pNtaaii|| "aha lUha-desie bhtte|" "elikkhae jaNe bhujjo bahave vajjabhUmi phrusaasii|" . . . . "duccaragANi tatya laattehi|" 1/9/3/81, 82, 84 kA vivecana -(A. pra. samiti, vyAvara ) pR. 330 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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402 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) nauveM rAjA ne socA- "isa zIzamahala meM jo bhI rAjA praveza karake dhyAna meM baiThatA hai, use saMsAra se virakti ho jAtI hai| ataH aisA honA ThIka nahIM hai| isa zIzamahala ko tur3avA do, tAki phira kisI ko isa prakAra saMsAra se vairAgya na ho / " basa, kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi vAle isa sundara evaM prabhAvazAlI sthAna (kSetra) ko nestanAbUda karavA diyA usa nauveM rAjA ne| niSkarSa yaha hai ki kisI-kisI kSetra ke nimitta se zubha karma vipAka ke badale karmakSaya bhI ho jAtA hai|' karmavipAka kA niyama kAla se bhI ba~dhA huA hai kAla bhI karmaphala (vipAka) meM nimitta hotA hai| yaha karmavipAka meM mukhya nimitta hai| kAla kA prabhAva bhI karmaphala para par3atA hai| karmavipAka kA eka niyama kAla se bhI baMdhA huA hai| zAstra meM batAyA hai - svAdhyAya kAla meM svAdhyAya karanA cAhie, asvAdhyAyakAla meM nhiiN| svAdhyAya ke lie dina kA prathama prahara niyata kiyA gayA hai, dina ke dUsare prahara meM dhyAna kA niyama batAyA gayA hai| usake kAraNoM kI gaharAI se chAnabIna karane se jJAta hotA hai ki smaraNa karane kA. kArya nau baje se pUrva taka acchA hotA hai| aura cintana-manana evaM bauddhika sphuraNA kA jo kArya hai, vaha nau baje ke pazcAt acchA hotA hai| agara kisI viSaya meM vizeSa khojabIna karanI ho, zodhakArya karanA ho to do baje ke bAda kA samaya uttama hotA hai| svAdhyAyAdi ke kAla kA yaha niyama isalie banAyA gayA hai ki asvAdhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya karane se, tathA dhyAnakAla ko chor3akara dhyAna karane se pratikUla pariNAma AtA hai; jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA vipAkodaya hone kI sambhAvanA hai| niyama ko samajhakara kArya karane vAlA lAbha uThAtA hai, aura niyama ke viparIta calane vAlA hAni / ataeva karmavipAka ke kAlanimittaka niyamoM ko bhalIbhA~ti samajha lenA caahie| jyotirvijJAna ne spaSTa batalAyA hai ki kisa mahIne meM, kisa Rtu meM, kisa vAra aura kisa rAzi meM candra, sUrya Adi grahoM kI gati aura unake vikiraNa kisa prakAra ke hote haiM, ve vyakti ke tana, mana ko kaise prabhAvita karate haiM? zarIra ke pratyeka avayava ke sAtha rAzi, Rtu, graha, nakSatra kA sambandha jur3A huA hai| jJAna ko vikasita karane, hRdaya aura mastiSka ko sampuSTa karane ke lie rAzi aura nakSatra kA nirdeza AgamoM evaM granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai| 9. 2. jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAeM se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 230 (ka) vahI se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 230 (kha) paDhamaM porisi sajjhAyaM, bIyaM jhANaM jhiyAyaI / taiyAe bhikkhAyariyaM puNo cautthIi sajjhAyaM // (ga) jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 122 (gha) asajjhAe sajjhAiyaM, sajjhAe na sajjhAiyaM / For Personal & Private Use Only -uttarA.26/12 - Avazyaka sUtra

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 303 jJAnavRddhi karane ke nimitta : dasa nakSatra tathA anya grahAdi bhI sthAnAMga sUtra meM "jJAna kI vRddhi karane meM hetubhUta dasa nakSatra batAye gae haiM- ( 1 ) mRgasirA, (2) ArdrA, (3) puSya, (4) pUrvASAr3hA, (5) pUrvAbhAdrapradA, (6) pUrvAphAlgunI, (7) mUla, (8) azleSA, (9) hasta, aura (10) citrAnakSatra, ye dasa nakSatra jJAnavRddhikAraka haiN|" amuka kAla meM amuka nakSatra AtA hai / nakSatroM aura grahoM kA prabhAva manuSya ke jIvana para aura usake kAryakalApoM para par3atA hai - yaha Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne bhI siddha kiyA hai| zAstrakAroM kI dRSTi bahuta dUradarzI thii| karma kA kSaya, kSayopazama yA upazama ho tathA karmoM kA vipAka bhI ho to zubha ho, isa tathya ko dRSTigata rakhakara unhoMne kAlakRta amuka-amuka niyama batAye the| ina niyamoM ko jAnane vAlA sAdhaka AsAnI se nirvighnatApUrvaka apanI saMyamasAdhanA kara sakatA hai| jyotirvidoM ne muhUrtta dekhakara kArya karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai, usake pIche yahI dRSTikoNa hai ki yAtrA, dIkSA, tathA gRhapraveza, cAturmAsika praveza Adi jo bhI zubha kArya kiye jAe~, ve zubha-muhUrtta, zubha nakSatra, yoga, karaNa, tithi, vAra, caughar3iyA, candramA Adi dekhakara kiye jAe~, tAki roga, udvega, pIr3A, tathA anya aniSToM ke kAraNa asAtAvedanIya Adi karmoM kA vipAkodaya na ho jaae| karmoM kA kSaya, kSayopazama, upazama athavA zubha karmoM kA upArjana hone se zubhakArya meM vighna-bAdhA, aniSTa yA upadrava hone kI AzaMkA kama rahatI hai| pratyeka caryA niyata kAla meM karane, na karane se lAbha-hAni dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- 'kAle kAlaM samAyare' arthAt-jisa caryA yA kArya ke liye jo kAla niyata kiyA hai, athavA jo kAla lokavyavahAra meM pracalita hai, use usI kAla (samaya) meM karanA caahie| sAdhakoM ko akAla meM caryA karane se kyA-kyA hAni hotI hai, isakA saMkSepa meM digdarzana karAte hue kahA gayA hai- "he bhikSu ! tU akAla meM caryA karegA, kAla kA pratilekhana-pariprekSaNa nahIM karegA, to svayaM to saMkleza pAegA hI, sAtha 9. dasaNakkhattA NANassa buDDhikarA paNNattA, taM jahAmisira bhaddA puraso, tiNi ya puvvAI mUlamassesA / hattho cittA yatA, dasa vuDDhakarAI NANissa // 2. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 122 For Personal & Private Use Only - sthAnAMga sthA. 10/781

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404 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) hI usa saniveza (mohalle yA pradeza) kI bhI nindA karane lgegaa|" yahA~ se karmavipAkaka silasilA zurU ho jaaegaa|' AtmasamprekSaNa kA samaya : kAlakRta niyama se baMdhA huA . dazavaikAlika sUtra meM Atma-samprekSaNa kI vidhi aura kAla kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai-"jo vyakti pUrva rAtri aura apara rAtri ke sandhikAla meM apanI AtmA kA apane Apa samprekSaNa karatA hai ki maiMne kyA kiyA hai ? kauna-sA satkArya karanA bAkI hai? tathA kauna-sA aisA zakya kArya hai, jise maiM nahIM kara rahA hU~ ? mujhe dUsare kisa dRSTi se dekhate haiM? merI AtmA kyA socatI hai, apane bAre meM? kauna-sI aisI skhalanA (doSa) hai, jise maiM varjita nahIM kara rahA hU~ ? isa prakAra samyak anuprekSaNa karane vAlA sAdhaka bhaviSya meM hone vAle karmabandha se baca jAtA hai|" isa prakAra AtmAvalokana kA kAla aura usase hone vAle lAbha kA nirUpaNa karake zAstrakAra ne bhAvI karmavipAka se bacane kI yukti batA dI svarodayazAstra bhI kAlakRta niyama kI sampuSTi karatA hai karmavipAka ke niyama ko samajhane ke lie svarodayazAstra bhI bahuta upayogI hai| yadi candra-svara aura sUrya-svara ke niyama ke AdhAra para amuka-amuka kArya karanena karane kA saMketa samajhA jAe to karma-vipAkodaya se bacA jA sakatA hai| svarodaya zAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki "sUryakAla meM yadi candrasvara calatA hai, yA candrakAla meM sUrya svara calatA hai to udvega, kalaha aura hAni kI saMbhAvanA hai| ataH viparIta svara cala rahA ho, usa samaya samasta zubha kArya nahIM karane caahie|"3 phalitArtha yaha hai ki candrakAla meM candrasvara aura sUryakAla meM sUryasvara cale tathA suSumnAkAla meM suSumnAsvara cale to zubha kAryoM meM vighna-bAdhAe~ nahIM phuNctiiN| sAtha hI, 1. (ka) kAleNa nikkhame bhikkhU, kAleNa ya paDikkame / akAlaM ca vivajjittA, kAle kAlaM samAyare // 4 // (kha) akAle carasi bhikkhU, kAlaM na paDilehasi! appANaM ca kilAmesi, sannivesaM ca garihasi // 5 // -dazavai. 5/2/4-5 2. jo puvva rattA vararattakAle, saMpikkhae-appagamappaeNaM / ki me kaDaM kiM ca me kiccasesaM, kiM sakkaNijjaM na samAyarAmi? kiM me paro pAsai kiM ca appA, kiM vAhaM khaliaM na vivjjyaami| icceva samma aNupAsamANo, aNAgayaM no paDibaMdha kujjaa| -dasaveyAliya, vivittacariyA, cU. 2, gAthA 12-13 3. candrakAle yadA sUryaH, sUryazcandrodaye bhvet| udvegaH kalaho hAniH, zubhaM sarva nivaaryet|| -svarodaya zAstra For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 405 svarodayazAstra meM pratyeka svara ke lie DhAI-DhAI ghar3I (eka-eka ghaNTA) kA samaya niyata kiyA gayA hai| sUryodaya se lekara prati DhAI ghar3I ke pazcAt svara badala jAtA hai| sUryasvara calatA ho, usa samaya piMgalA nAr3I sakriya hotI hai, jo tadanusAra kaThora kArya karane vAle ko zakti aura kSamatA pradAna karatI hai| jaba candrasvara calatA ho, usa samaya ir3A nAr3I sakriya hotI hai, jo saumyakArya tathA zAnti evaM zItalatAjanaka kAryoM meM sahAyaka hotI hai| isalie vahA~ kahA gayA-"candra nAr3I cala rahI ho, usa samaya saumyakArya karane cAhie, tathA sUryanAr3I pravAhita ho rahI ho, usa samaya kaThora, kaThina tathA duSkara zramasAdhya kArya karane cAhie, evaM suSumnA (donoM ke bIca) kA pravAha cala rahA ho usa samaya bhukti (bhojana yA upabhoga) evaM mukti kA phala dene vAle kArya karane caahie|" ____ Azaya yaha hai ki sUryasvara meM nirdiSTa kArya karane se yA to antarAya karma kA kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama honA sambhava hai, yA phira sAtAvedanIya karma kA yA zubha nAmakarma kA vipAka (phalonmukha) honA sambhava hai| isI prakAra candrasvara meM nirdiSTa kArya karane se yA to jJAnAvaraNa evaM darzanAvaraNa karma ke kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama kA avasara milegA, yA phira krodhAdi manda hone se mohanIya karma kA upazama bhI sambhava hai, karma vipAka bhI hogA to zubha kamoM kA hogaa| . isI AdhAra para zAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki kisa samaya svAdhyAya karanA cAhie, kisa samaya nahIM ? dhyAna aura AtmasamprekSaNa ke samaya kA nirdeza bhI isI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| ataH AtmasamprekSaNa dharma jAgaraNA Adi ke jitane bhI niyama batAe gae haiN| unake sAtha kAla ko mukhya AdhAra mAnA gayA hai|' kAlagata niyamoM para andhavizvAsa, avizvAsa aura vizvAsa kA pariNAma kisa samaya meM, kisa kAla meM, kisa karma kA vipAka hotA hai? isI tathya ke AdhAra para aneka niyama banAye gae haiN| niyamoM ko nahIM jAnane vAle loga yahI kaha baiThate haiM-"yaha saba andhavizvAsa hai| hama samaya meM baMdhate nahIM, apanI icchA huI, jaba koI kAma kara liyA, isameM samaya kyA karegA?" / parantu aisA kahane vAle loga aneka kAryoM meM vighna, saMkaTa, upadrava, vilamba Adi hone para mahasUsa karate haiM ki kAlanirdiSTa niyamoM ko andhavizvAsa kahakara ThakarAne se hameM bahuta hAni huI hai| niyamoM ko jAnane vAle aura tadanusAra calane vAle saba prakAra se 1. (ka) jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAe~ se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 231 (kha) candranAr3I-pravAheNa saumyakAryANi kaaryet| sUryanAr3I-pravAheNa raudra karmANi kaaryet| suSumnAyAH pravAheNa bhukti-mukti-phalAni c|| -svarodaya zAstra For Personal & Private Use Only

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406 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) lAbhAnvita hote haiN| avasara ko cUkane vAlA pachatAtA hai aura avasara se lAbha uThAne vAlA prasanna rahatA hai| murzidAbAda ke jagatseTha ke viSaya meM sunA hai ki unake pAsa eka dina AjIvikA kA koI bhI sAdhana nahIM thaa| jIvana meM nirdhanatA aura vipannatA chAI huI thii| ve eka jaina muni ke pAsa phuNce| jaina muni ne svarodaya ke AdhAra para kahA-"zrAvakajI! maMgalapATha suna lo, yaha samaya bahuta zreSTha hai|" __ jagatseTa mAMgalika sunakara muni ko vandana karake sIdhA vyApAra ke lie cala pdd'aa| jo bhI vyApAra kiyA, usameM vAre-nyAre ho gye| usake yahA~ lakSmI krIr3A karane lgii| zreSTha vyApAriyoM meM usakI gaNanA hone lgii| yaha thA-kAlakRta niyama ke anusAra calane se lAbhAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama ke / avasara ko na cUkane kA suprinnaam|' / nayA sambandha bAMdhane meM kAlagata niyamoM kA upayoga kisI ke sAtha nayA sambandha sthApita karane meM bhI kAlakRta niyama bahuta upayogI hotA hai| guru aura ziSya kA sambandha jor3ane meM, dIkSA dene meM bhI muhUrta kA, caughar3iye kA, tathA samaya kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| dekhA gayA hai ki azubha samaya meM guru-ziSya kA sambandha jur3A hai to vaha adhika nibhane vAlA nahIM huA, vaha TUTa hI gyaa| isake viparIta zubha samaya meM guru ziSya kA sambandha jur3a gayA to vaha cirakAla sthAyI rahA, paraspara dharma-sneha-varddhaka rahA, amuka karmoM kA kSayopazama huA, athavA sAtAvedanIya Adi zubha karmoM kA vipAka huaa| sAmAjika sambandhoM ko jor3ane ke samaya bhI kAla sambaddha niyamoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isake phalasvarUpa amuka samaya meM amuka vyakti ke sAtha sambandha jur3A aura vaha cirasthAyI evaM acchA rhaa| isake viparIta, samaya na dekhakara jaise-taise sambandha jor3a liyA, vaha do-cAra varSa nibhA, phira TUTa gyaa| donoM pakSoM ke dila TUTa gae, manomAlinya bar3ha gyaa| azubha karmoM kA vipAka dRSTigocara hone lgaa| kisa samaya kauna-sA kArya karanA cAhie, jisase yA to zubha karmoM kA vipAka ho, yA phira karmakSayopazama kA lAbha ho, isake sandarbha meM aneka niyama bane haiN|2 / jIvana ke tIna avasthAgata niyama bhI karmavipAka ko prabhAvita karate haiM pratyeka jIva ke jIvana kI tIna mukhya avasthAe~ haiM-bAlyAvasthA, yuvAvasthA aura 1. jainadharma : arhat aura arhatAe~ se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 232 2. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 124 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 407 vRddhaavsthaa| ina tInoM avasthAoM meM bhI kAlagata karmavipAka ke niyama pRthak pRthak hote haiN| yadyapi ina tInoM avasthAoM meM se pratyeka avasthA meM pratyeka vyakti ke pUrvajanmagata aura isa janma ke saMskAra, vAtAvaraNa Adi kA bhI prabhAva hotA hai; phira bhI sAmAnyatayA bacapana meM prAyaH komala mana, bholA bhadra svabhAva aura alpa bauddhika vikAsa hotA hai| isake kAraNa karmavipAka bhI manda aura prAyaH zubha hotA hai| yuvAvasthA meM tana, mana, indriyA~, aMgopAMga, Adi saba sazakta, kaThina kAryakSama, sAhasatatpara, utsAhayukta evaM baliSTha ho jAte haiN| yuvaka varga ke lie koI bhI kaThina kArya karanA prAyaH AsAna hotA hai| parantu yuvAvasthA meM vAsanA kAmanA uddAma ho jAtI haiM, kisI-kisI meM lobha, moha tathA sanmAna, dhana, sAdhanoM Adi ke prati Asakti yA mUrchA atyadhika ho jAtI hai| vyakti viSaya-vAsanAoM ke bhaMvarajAla meM pha~sa jAtA hai aura apane lakSya ko bhUla jAtA hai| isalie karmoM kA sarvAdhika vipAka isI avasthA meM hotA hai| __isake pazcAt AtA hai buddh'aapaa| bur3hApe meM to indriyA~ zithila ho jAtI haiN| A~kha, kAna Adi se dekhanA-sunanA kama ho jAtA hai, kisI kisI ke to donoM hI jabAva de dete haiN| tana-mana kI zakti kSINa ho jAtI hai, kisI kArya ko karane kA, dharmAcaraNa, tapa, japa, sevA Adi karane kA utsAha nahIM rhtaa| yadi snigdha kAla aura snigdhakSetra ho to Ayu bahuta lambI hogI, bur3hApA jaldI nahIM AegA, jabaki rUkSakAla aura rUkSakSetra meM Ayu thor3I ho jAegI, bur3hApA bhI jaldI A jaaegaa| bur3hApA yoM to 40 varSa ke bAda prArambha ho jAtA hai| jyoM-jyoM umra Dhalane lagatI hai, tyoM-tyoM zarIra, mana aura indriyoM kI zaktiyA~ ghaTatI jAtI haiN| pacAsa varSa kI umra meM keza pakane laga jAte haiN| sATha meM to vaha thaka jAtA hai| sattara varSa ke bAda to AdamI nitAnta bUr3hA ho jAtA hai| dAMta bhI girane lagate haiM, keza sAre rUI kI pUnI kI taraha sapheda ho jAte haiM, ghuTanoM aura TA~goM meM darda rahane lagatA hai| yaha bur3hApA kAlakRta hai, svAbhAvika hai| isIlie 'dazavaikAlika sUtra' meM kahA gayA hai-"jaba taka bur3hApA pIr3ita nahIM kare, jaba taka zarIra meM koI vyAdhi na bar3he, aura jaba taka indriyA~ kSINa na hoM taba taka dharmAcaraNa kara lo|" zIghra bur3hApA Ane kA eka kAraNa hai mnobhaav| bur3hApe meM manobhAvoM meM udAsI, cintA, nirAzA, ghabarAhaTa, tathA kaSAya kI prabalatA hai, to vaha zAyada cAlIsa yA pacAsa varSa meM hI A jaae| bur3hApA Ane para asAtAvedanIya tathA AyuSya karma ke vipAka kI adhika sambhAvanA hotI hai| 1. jarA jAva na pIDei, vAhI jAva na vddddhi| jAviMdiyA na hAyaMti, tAva dhamma smaayre|| 2. jaina darzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 118 -dazavaikAlika 8/36 For Personal & Private Use Only

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408 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) nidrA bhI kAlagata niyama se sambaddha, karmavipAka kI kAraNa nidrA bhI kAla ke niyama se sambandhita hai| bahuta-se logoM ko dhyAna aura svAdhyAya Adi ke samaya meM nIMda Ane lagatI hai aura nIMda kA samaya hotA hai, rAtri ko bichIne para leTate haiM to nIMda nahIM aatii| divasa nidrA kA kAla nahIM hai para usa samaya kaI logoM ko nIMda AtI hai| darzanAvaraNIya karma ke paramANu prabhAvita karate haiM taba vyakti ko nidrA AtI hai| prAta:kAla nau yA dasa baje kA samaya darzanAvaraNIya karma ke vipAka kA samaya nahIM, kyoMki vaha prAyaH nidrA kA samaya nahIM hai| nidrA kA samaya prAyaH rAtri ko nau-dasa baje kA hai, ataH vaha darzanAvaraNa karma ke vipAka kA samaya hai|' phala diye binA bhI karma AtmA se alaga ho sakate haiM : kaise aura kisa niyama se ? pUrvokta dravyAdi-nimittaka karmaphala niyamoM meM se eka prazna upasthita hotA hai ki karma apanA phala diye binA hI AtmA se alaga ho sakate haiM yA nahIM? isakA samAdhAna karate hue bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai-yadi udIyamAna karmoM ko anukUla sAmagrI nahIM milatI hai, to binA phala diye hI udaya hokara karma AtmapradezoM se alaga ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra daNDacakrAdi nimitta kAraNoM ke abhAva meM kevala miTTI se ghar3A nahIM banatA, usI prakAra sahakArI kAraNoM (dravyakSetrAdi nimittoM) ke abhAva meM karma bhI phala nahIM de skte| sthitikAla pUrA hone se pahale bhI karma phalapradAna kara sakate haiM : kaise aura kisa niyama se? ___isI se sambandhita eka prazna aura ubharatA hai ki kyA karma apanA sthitikAla pUrA hone para hI phala dete haiM yA sthitikAla pUrA hone se pahale bhI phala de sakate haiM ? ___'jJAnArNava' Adi meM isa prazna kA samAdhAna yoM kiyA gayA hai-sAmAnya niyama yaha hai ki karma kA bandha hote hI usameM usI samaya phala (vipAka) pradAna kA prArambha nahIM ho jAtA, vaha nizcita avadhi (sthiti) ke pazcAta hI phala detA hai| arthAta-sthitibandha (kAlAvadhi) samApta hone ke pazcAt hI phala pradAna karatA hai| kintu jisa prakAra asamaya meM Ama Adi phaloM ko pAla Adi ke dvArA pakAkara rasa dene yogya kara diyA jAtA hai| usI prakAra sthiti pUrI hone se pahale hI tapazcaraNAdi ke dvArA karmoM ko pakA dene para ve 1. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 119 2. (ka) jainadarzana meM AtmavicAra (DaoN. lAlacandra jaina) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 216 (kha) bhagavatI ArAdhanA (vijayodayA vRtti) gA. 1170 pR. 1159 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 409 akAla meM bhI phala denA prArambha kara dete haiN| ataH karma yathAkAla aura ayathAkAla rUpa se phala pradAna karate haiN|' ___ karma kA udaya do prakAra se hotA hai prAptakAla karmodaya evaM aprAptakAla krmody| dIrghakAla aura tIvra anubhAga vAle karma tapa Adi sAdhanA dvArA viphala banAkara svalpa samaya meM hI bhoga liye jAte haiM, aise karmoM kA udaya aprAptakAla meM ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra apavartanA se bhI aprAptakAla karmodaya hotA hai; usase karmoM kI udIraNA bhI ho jAtI hai| sAmAnyatayA to sthitibandha samApta hone para svAbhAvika rUpa se karmodaya hotA hai, use prAptakAla karmodaya kahate haiN| - isa sambandha meM eka niyama aura samajha lenA cAhie-eka hI samaya meM baMdhe hue samasta karma eka hI samaya meM phala pradAna nahIM karate, kintu jisa krama se unakA udaya hotA hai, usI krama se hI ve phala pradAna karate haiN| . bhAvoM ke nimitta se zubhAzubha karmaphala yA karmakSaya bhI karmavipAka meM bhAva bhI eka nimitta hai| jaba manuSya ke mana meM rAgAdi bhAvoM kI yA kaSAya-bhAvoM kI tIvratA hotI hai to kamoM kA vipAka atyadhika tIvra aura zIghra phaladAyaka hotA hai| kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, ahaMkAra Adi manobhAva vyakti meM sadA eka-se nahIM rahate, ve badalate rahate haiN| __eka vyakti ko kisI saMgIta ko sunakara kAmottejanA ke bhAva Ate haiM, kisI ko kAmottejaka dRzya philma meM dekhakara kAmavAsanA ke bhAva umar3ate haiN| kisI vyakti ko vezyA yA kulaTAoM ke yahA~ zRMgAra, saundarya evaM sAjasajjA kA vAtAvaraNa dekha kara kAmavAsanA bhar3aka uThatI hai| isI prakAra kisI avAMchanIya vyakti, pratikUla paristhiti athavA kisI sthAna vizeSa ke nimitta se krodha bhar3aka uThatA hai| kisI kSetra ke nimitta se bhI AdamI ke bhAva bigar3a jAte haiM, jabaki kisI kSetra meM jAte hI kaSAya-bhAva zAnta ho jAte haiN| manuSya kA mUDa bigar3ane meM kAla bhI eka nimitta banatA hai| subaha-subaha mUDa kama bigar3atA hai, dopahara meM yA garmI ke samaya meM prAyaH zIghra hI mUDa bigar3a jAyA karatA hai| eka samaya aisA hotA hai, jaba vyakti kA mUDa (manobhAva) acchA rahatA hai, jabaki dUsare samaya meM usI vyakti kA mUDa oNpha ho jAtA hai| eka vyakti eka samaya jo sarala sarasa sajjana 1. (ka) jJAnArNava 35/26-7, (kha) tattvArtha zlokavArtika 2/53/2 (ga) vipAka sUtra-prastAvanA, (upAcArya devendramuni) se pR. 32-33 .2. jainadarzana aura anekAnta se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 123 For Personal & Private Use Only

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410 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) thA, acche bhAvoM kA dhanI thA, kintu dUsare samaya meM usI vyakti kA manobhAva badalA huA hotA hai, vaha cir3hakara jhuMjhalAkara bolatA hai| eka hI vyakti aisA kyoM huA ? isakA samAdhAna bhAvoM ke nimitta se karmavipAka ke niyamoM ko jAnane se hI ho sakatA hai / kina bhAvoM ke nimitta se kauna-se karma kA vipAka (phalodaya) hotA hai, isake vibhinna niyama jaina-karmavijJAna-marmajJoM ke dvArA prarUpita AgamoM tathA granthoM se jAne jA sakate haiN| apane anubhavoM se karmavijJAnarasika una niyamoM ko hRdayaMgama kara sakatA hai| aura phira saMvara- nirjarArUpa dharma kI samyak ArAdhanA aura bAhyAntara tapa:sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| aisA karake vaha azubha karma-vipAka ko zubha karma-vipAka meM badala sakatA hai aura Ane vAlI burAiyoM aura vipattiyoM se apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai| arjuna muni ne bhAvoM ke saMkramaNa evaM parivartana dvArA isa satya ko sAkAra kara diyA arjunamAlI eka dina hatyArA thA / pratidina sAta vyaktiyoM kI hatyA karane kI durbhAvanA saMjoe hue thA; kintu sudarzana zramaNopAsaka ke nimitta se usake bhAvoM meM parivartana huA, phira bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa jAne para usake bhAvoM meM hArdika parivartana huA, sArI paristhiti hI phira to badala gii| arjunamAlI se vaha arjuna muni bnaa| AjIvana chaTTha (do) upavAsa ke anantara pAraNA karane kA saMkalpa kiyaa| jisa rAjagRha ke logoM ke sambandhiyoM ko usane mArA thA, prAyaH unhIM ke gharoM meM pAraNe ke dina bhikSA ke lie jAte the| logoM ne unakI bhartsanA kI / DaMDoM, mukkoM, lAThiyoM Adi kA prahAra kiyaa| kisI ne gAlI dI, kisI ne ThaMDA, bAsI, rUkhA-sUkhA AhAra diyA, to prAsuka pAnI nahIM diyaa| kisI ne sirpha prAsuka pAnI diyA to AhAra na diyA / ina saba kaThora parISahoM aura upasargoM ke prasaMga para dUsarA hotA to turanta bhar3aka uThatA, krodhAdi kaSAyabhAva se otaprota hokara kaSAyamohanIya karmoM kA vipAka tIvra kara letaa| magara arjunamuni ne samatA aura kSamA kA amoghazastra apanAyA, kaSAya-Amnava ke badale akaSAya-saMvara kA Azraya liyA, AhAra- pAnI na milA to bhAvapUrvaka bAhya Abhyantara tapa kA Azraya liyaa| bhedavijJAna aura kAyotsarga kI bhAvanA ko sAkAra kara diyaa| phalataH jo naraka gati kA karma dIrghatara sthitibandha tathA tIvra anubhAva-bandha thA, usase narakagati kA karmavipAka (phala) prApta hone vAlA thA, usake badale cAra ghAtI rUpa aura cAra aghAtIrUpa, ATha hI karmoM ko kevala chaha mahInoM meM hI kSaya karake ve siddha buddha evaM sarvakarma mukta ho ge|' 1. dekheM - antakRddazA sUtra meM arjunamAlAkAra kA varNana For Personal & Private Use Only

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vividha karmaphala : vibhinna niyamoM se baMdhe hue 411 karmaphala bhogate samaya na to dIna bano, na hI madAndha bano, kintu samabhAvastha raho eka AcArya ne karmaphala samabhAva se bhogane kI preraNA dete hue kahA- "sArA jagat karmavipAka ke adhIna hai yaha jAnakara muni na to duHkha meM dIna banatA hai aura na hI sukha pAkara vismita hotA hai| " karmoM ke sukha-duHkha rUpa phala pAkara samabhAva meM sthira rahanA hI saccI jIvana sAdhanA hai| sukharUpa phala pAkara unmatta evaM madAndha ho jAnA tathA duHkharUpa phala pAkara dIna-hIna evaM nirAza ho jAnA ajJAnatA hai| jJAnI evaM samyagdRSTi to yahI socatA hai, ki karma bAMdhate samaya mujhe sau bAra vicAra karanA cAhie thA, parantu nahIM kiyA, aba usakA phala bhogate samaya dInatA - viSamatA mana meM kyoM lAU~ aura kyoM dikhAU~ ? aisA jJAnI puruSa kaSAyAdi bhAvoM ke nimitta se ho jAne vAle kaSAyamohanIya ke tIvra vipAka se bacakara sarvakarma kSaya karake siddha-buddha mukta ho jAtA hai| jJAnI evaM samyagdRSTi to zubhakarma ke udaya meM bhI vismita, harSita, unmatta evaM ahaMkAragrasta nahIM hotaa| vaha jAnatA hai ki tAttvika dRSTi se zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke karma AtmA ko AvRta vikRta va kuNThita karate haiN| sUrya kAle kajarAre meghoM meM chipe yA sapheda meghoM meM, usake prakAza meM avazya hI antara A jAtA hai| isI prakAra zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke karma AtmA ke guNoM ko AcchAdita karane vAle hone se heya hI haiN| sAdhaka dazA meM bhale hI zubha upAdeya rahe, parantu mokSa to donoM ke kSaya se hI hogA / ' niSkarSa yaha hai ki vibhinna karmaphaloM ke vipAkoM meM nimittabhUta dravya-kSetrAdi se pratibaddha niyamoM ko jAnakara unase lAbha uThAnA caahie| 1. (ka) duHkhaM prApya na dInaH syAt, sukhaM prApya ca vismitaH / muniH karmavipAkasya, jAnan paravazaM jgt|| (kha) jinavANI karma-siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita karmavipAka (lAlacandrajaina) lekha se, ' pR. 122 For Personal & Private Use Only

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9 puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana saMsAra kA cakra karma kI dhurI para calatA hai yaha saMsAra anAdikAla se karma kI dhurI para ghUmatA calA A rahA hai| isake bhramaNa kA vyaktizaH rUpa se bhale hI anta ho jAtA ho, kintu pravAha rUpa se kabhI anta nahIM hotaa| vastutaH yaha saMsAra hI karma ke AdhAra para TikA huA hai| bhAratIya logoM ke mukha para to yaha vAkya ramA huA hai- "karmapradhAna vizva raci rAkhA / " yaha saMsAra karmabhUmi hai| karma, usakA phala aura phalabhoga, phira karma, usakA phala aura phalabhoga; isa prakAra saMsAra kA cakra karma kI dhurI para cala rahA hai| jo jaisA karma karatA hai, use usI ke anurUpa phala milatA hai, jo use dera-sabera bhoganA par3atA hai| varUpI kSetra meM boyA gayA jaisA bIja, vaisA hI phala saMsArI jIva (AtmA) karmarUpI bIja bone kA kSetra (kheta) hai| vahI karma-bIja kabhI tatkAla, kabhI usI janma meM aura kabhI janmAntara meM phalita hote haiN| vyakti mana-vacana-kAyA se kRta-kArita - anumodita rUpa meM rAga-dveSa- kaSAya kI tIvratAmandatApUrvaka jisa prakAra se jisa karma ke bIja botA hai, kAlAntara meM ve hI bIja usI rUpa meM puSpita-phalita hote haiN| jisa prakAra koI kRSaka apane kheta meM dhAna ( cAvala ) boye aura gehU~ kI phasala kATanA cAhe, yaha kadApi sambhava nahIM hotA, usI prakAra pApa karma karake puNyaphala prApta karanA cAhe, yaha bhI asambhava hai| isIlie vAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai- " he kalyANi ! karttA zubha athavA azubha jaisA bhI AcaraNa (karma) karatA hai, usa karma kA phala usI rUpa meM vaha pAtA hai|" sUtrakRtAMga sUtra bhI isa tathya kA sAkSI hai-"jaisA kiyA huA karma, vaisA hI usakA phalabhoga prApta hotA hai / " tathaiva atIta meM jaisA bhI, jo bhI kucha karma kiyA gayA hai, bhaviSya meM vaha usI prakAra ke phala-rUpa meM) upasthita hotA hai| mahAbhArata vanaparva meM bhI isI satya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai- "he puruSottama ! jo vyakti jaisA bhI zubha yA azubha For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 413 karma karatA hai, usakA tathArUpa phala avazya hI prApta karatA hai, isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai / "" puNya aura pApa kA phala : sukha aura duHkha meM niSkarSa yaha hai ki AtmA rUpI karmakSetra meM vyakti jaisA zubha yA azubha karma - bIja botA hai, usakA phala bhI zubha yA azubha rUpa meM prApta karatA hai| jaina, bauddha, vaidika darzanoM zubha yA kuzala karma ko puNya aura azubha yA akuzala karma ko pApa kahA gayA hai| vyakti puNya karma kA zubha phala pAtA hai, usase mana meM sukhAnubhUti prApta hotI hai, phala bhogane meM sukhadAyaka pratIta hotA hai| puNya kA 'yogadarzana' meM puNya-pApa kA sAkSAt phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai - " ve janma, Ayu aura bhoga (kramazaH) puNya-pApa hetuka hone se AlhAda aura paritAparUpa (sukha-duHkharUpa) phala vAle hote haiN| arthAt-puNya hetu vAle jAti (janma), Ayu aura bhoga sukhamaya tathA pApa hetu vAle jAti, Ayu aura bhoga duHkharUpa hote haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki puNya kA phala sukha-zAnti aura pApa kA phala duHkha aura azAnti hai / puNyakarma lokaparaloka, janma-janmAntara, sarvatra tathA Adi, madhya aura anta tInoM kAloM meM sadaiva sukhadAyaka hote haiN| , puNyaparamArtha ke phalasvarUpa vyakti ko acchI-burI jo bhI sAdhana sAmagrI, sampadA, samRddhi Adi milatI hai, usameM sukha-zAnti aura santoSavRtti prApta hotI hai| jo zubha vicAra, zubha vacana aura zubha kArya ke sAtha puNyakarma meM rata rahatA hai, use rAjya, samAja aura jAti kA bhaya nahIM rhtaa| use na hI loka kI cintA karanI par3atI hai aura na paraloka kii| sacamuca, puNyazAlI kA hRdaya prasannatA, praphullatA tathA sukha-zAnti se 'otaprota rahatA hai| vaha caina kI nIMda sotA hai, aura nizcinta hokara vicaraNa karatA hai| yahI puNya kA vAstavika phala hai| 1. (ka) yadAcarati kalyANi ! zubhaM vA yadi vA'zubham / tadeva labhate bhadre ! kartA karmajamAtmanaH // - vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ayodhyAkANDa 6/6 (kha) 'jahA kaDaM kamma tahAsi bhaare|' (ga) jaM jArisaM puvvamakAsi kammaM tameva Agacchati samparAe / (gha) yatkarotyazubhaM karma, zubhaM vA yadi sattama / avazyaM tatsamApnoti, puruSo nA'tra saMzayaH // - mahAbhArata, vanaparva, a. 208 2. dekheM-te AlhAda-paritApa phalAH puNyApuNya-hetutvAt / ' - yogadarzana 2 / 14 para vivecana, (DaoN. udayavIra zAstrI) pR. 105 3. kevala apane lie hI na jIeM (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se pR. 111 -sUtrakRtAMga 1/5/1/26 -vahI, 1/5/2/23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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414 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) puNya aura pApa kA astitva : eka anucintana sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM puNya-pApa ke astitva ke sambandha meM anyatIrthikoM kA pUrvapakSa prastuta karake unakA astitva siddha kiyA gayA hai| kaI anyatIrthikoM kA kathana hai-isa jagat meM puNya nAma kA koI padArtha nahIM, ekamAtra pApa hI hai| pApa kama ho jAne para sukha utpanna hotA hai, bar3ha jAne para duHkha / dUsare dArzanika kahate haiM-jagat meM pApa nAma kA koI padArtha nahIM hai, ekamAtra puNya hI hai| puNya ghaTa jAtA hai, taba duHkha utpanna hotA hai aura bar3ha jAtA hai, taba sukha utpanna hotA tIsare matavAdI kahate haiM-puNya yA pApa donoM hI padArtha mithyA haiM, kyoMki jagata kI vicitratA, niyati, svabhAva Adi ke kAraNa hotI hai| isakA samAdhAna zAstrakAra karate haiM ye sabhI dArzanika bhrama meM haiN| puNya aura pApa donoM kA niyata sambandha hai| eka kA astitva mAnane para dUsare kA astitva mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| yadi saba kucha niyati yA svabhAva Adi se hone lage to kyoM koI satkArya meM pravRtta hogA? phira to kisI ko apane dvArA kRta zubhAzubha kriyA kA phala bhI prApta nahIM hogaa| parantu aisA hotA nhiiN| ataH puNya aura pApa donoM kA svatantra astitva mAnanA hI ThIka puNya kI mahimA puNyazAlI ke mana meM kisI bhI sthAna yA kisI bhI kAla meM duHkha kA koI kAraNa utpanna nahIM hotaa| yadyapi sthUla dRSTi vAle logoM kI dRSTi meM usakA jIvana duHkha aura abhAva se pIr3ita mAlUma degA, phira bhI usakI AtmA meM bharI puNyarAzi usake tana-mana para duHkha kA prabhAva nahIM par3ane degii| puNyaparamArthI satkarmI kadAcit dhanahIna rahatA hai, taba bhI usakA dhairya use sadaiva prasanna evaM Antarika sampannatA se otaprota hI rakhatA hai| bAhya dhana rahe yA jAe, usakI Atmika prasannatA aura mastI meM koI antara nahIM pdd'taa| vastutaH puNyakarma kA nizcita phala Atmika sukha evaM AtmasantoSa hai| 1. dekheM-'Natthi puNNe va pAve vA, NevaM saNaM nivese| atthi puNNe va pAve vA, evaM saNaM nivese|' ___ -sUtrakRtAMga zru. 2 a. 5 sU. 769 kA mUlapATha, anuvAda evaM vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 153, 157 2. kevala apane lie hI na jIeM (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 111 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 415 puNyakarma kA suphala : vaidika vAGmaya meM puNyakriyA ke suphala kI carcA karate hue 'yogavaziSTha' meM kahA gayA hai- "he sajjana! mAnasika vyathAe~ (Adhi) aura zArIrika vyAdhiyA~ bhI zuddha puNyakriyA aura sAdhusevA se naSTa ho jAtI haiN| puNya se mana usI prakAra nirmala (pavitra) ho jAtA hai, jisa prakAra kasauTI para kasane se sonA nirmala ho (nikhara jAtA hai| he rAghava ! puNyakarma se deha zuddha hone para citta meM Ananda kI vRddhi hotI hai| sattva (antaHkaraNa) kI zuddhi se prANavAyu vyavasthita rUpa se zarIra meM pravAhita hotI hai| anna kA pAcana ThIka taraha se hotA hai, isake kAraNa vyAdhi naSTa ho jAtI hai| " chAndogya upaniSad meM batAyA gayA hai ki "vAstava meM, yaha jIva puNyakarma se puNyazAlI hotA hai, arthAt puNya-yoniyoM meM janma pAtA hai, aura pApakarma se pApAtmA hotA hai, arthAt-pApa-yoniyoM meM janma grahaNa karake duHkha uThAtA hai| " acche karma karane vAlA acchA hotA hai, sukhI evaM sadAcArI kula meM janma pAtA hai, aura pApa karane vAlA pApAtmA hotA hai, pApI kula meM janma lekara pApAcAra meM vRddhi ke phalasvarUpa duHkha pAtA hai| 'chAndogya-upaniSad' bhI isa tathya kI sAkSI hai ki " acche AcaraNa karane vAle uttama yoni (brAhmaNa, kSatriya yA vaizya yoni ) prApta karate haiM aura nIca AcaraNa (pApakarma) karane vAle nIca yoniyoM (naraka, tiryaJca yA antyaja, mleccha, anArya) yoniyoM meM janmate haiN|"" jainadRSTi se puNyaphala kI carcA isI tathya kA samarthana 'dhavalA' meM kiyA gayA hai - vahA~ prazna kiyA gayA hai-puNya ke 1. (ka) AdhikSayeNAdhi bhavAH kSIyaMte vyAdhayo'pyalam / zuddhayA puNyayA sAdho ! kriyayA sAdhusevayA // manaH prayAti nairmalyaM nikaSeNeva kAMcanam / Anando vardhate dehe zuddhe cetasi rAghava ! // sattvazuddhayA vahantyete krameNa prANavAyavaH / jarayanti tathA'nnAni vyAdhistena vinazyati // - yogavAziSTha -chAndogya upaniSad (ga) tad ya iha ramaNIyacaraNA abhyAzo ha yatte ramaNIyAM yonimApadyeranM / brAhmaNa yoni kSatriyayoni vaizyayoni vA / atha ya iha kapUya caraNA abhyAzo ha yatte kapUyAM yonimApadyeran / - chAndogyopaniSad 5/10/7 (kha) "puNyo vai puNyena karmaNA bhavati, pApaH pApena // sAdhukArI sAdhu bhavati, pApakArI pApo bhavati // For Personal & Private Use Only

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- 416 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) phala kauna-kauna se haiM ? uttara diyA gayA hai- "tIrthaMkara, gaNadhara, RSi, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva, deva aura vidyAdharoM kI RddhiyA~ puNya ke phala haiN|" puNya kA mahimAgAna karate hue 'kurala kAvya' meM kahA gayA hai- "dharma se manuSya ko svargaprada puNya prApta hotA hai, tathA anta meM sudurlabha nirvANa kI bhI prApti hotI hai / phira bhalA manuSyoM ke lie dharma se bar3hakara lAbhadAyaka kauna-sI vastu hai ? dharma (puNya) se bar3hakara dehadhAriyoM ke lie koI sukRti nahIM hai aura usako chor3a dene se bar3hakara koI duSkRti ( burAI ) nahIM hai / " mahApurANa meM kahA gayA hai- "puNya ke binA cakravartI Adi ke samAna anupama rUpa, sampadA, abhedya zarIra kA gaThana, atizaya utkaTa nidhi, ratnaRddhi, hAthI, ghor3e Adi kA parivAra tathA antaHpura kA vaibhava, bhogopabhoga, dvIpa samudroM para Adhipatya evaM aizvarya Adi saba kaise prApta ho sakate haiM ?" puNya kI mahimA aura suphalatA AgAradharmAmRta meM kahA gayA hai - "yadi pUrvopArjita puNya hai to Ayu, lakSmI aura zarIrAdi bhI yatheSTa prApta ho jAte haiM, parantu yadi vaha puNya nahIM hai to svayaM ko kaSTa dene para bhI vaha bilakula prApta nahIM ho sktaa|" anagAradharmAmRta meM bhI kahA gayA hai- "puNya yadi udaya ke sammukha hai to dUsare upAya karane se kyA prayojana hai aura yadi vaha sammukha nahIM hai, to bhI tumheM dUsare sukha ke upAya karane se bhI kyA prayojana hai ?" paramAnanda paMcaviMzati meM puNya kI mahimA kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai - "puNya ke prabhAva se koI andhA prANI bhI nirmala netradhAraka ho jAtA hai; vRddha bhI lAvaNyayukta ho 9. (ka) (pra.) "kANi yuNNaphANi ? (u. ) titthayara - gaNahara - risi-cakkavaTTI - baladeva - vAsudeva sura- vijjAhara - riddhiio|" -dhavalA 1/112/105 (kha) dharmAtsAdhutaraH ko'nyo, yatovindanti mAnavAH / puNyaM svargapadaM nityaM nirvANaM ca sudurlabham // 1 // dharmAnnAstyaparA kAcit sukRtirdehadhAriNAm / tattyAgAnna parA kAcid duSkRtirdehadhAriNAm // 2 // (ga) puNyAd vinA kutastAdRg rUpasampadanaidRzI / puNyAd vinA kutastAdRG nidhi - ratnarddhirUrjitA ? puNyAd vinA kutastAdRg ibhAzvAdiparicchadaH / puNyAd vinA kutastAdRg abhedya - gAtrabandhanam ? For Personal & Private Use Only -kuralakAvya 4/1-2 -mahApurANa 37/191-199

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 417 jAtA hai, nirbala bhI siMha sA baliSTha ho jAtA hai; vikRta (beDaula) zarIra bhI kAmadeva ke samAna sundara suDaula ho jAtA hai| isa jagat meM jo bhI prazaMsanIya anya saba durlabha padArtha haiM, ve saba (puNyaphalasvarUpa) puNyodaya se prApta ho jAte haiN|'' puNyaphala bhogane ke 42 prakAra - isake atirikta navatattva prakaraNa meM puNya phala bhogane ke 42 prakAra batAe haiN| arthAt-nau prakAra se bAMdhe hue puNya, 42 prakAra se bhoge jAte haiM-(1) sAtAvedanIya, (2) uccagotra, (3) manuSya gati, (4) manuSyAnupUrvI, (5) devagati, (6) devAnupUrvI, (7) paMcendriya-jAti, (8) audArika zarIra, (9) vaikriyazarIra (10) AhAraka zarIra, (11) taijasa zarIra (12) kArmaNa zarIra, (13) audArika zarIra ke aMgopAMga, (14) vaikriyazarIra ke aMgopAMga, (15) AhAraka zarIra ke aMgopAMga, (16) vajraRSabha nArAcasaMhanana, (17) samacatustra saMsthAna, (18) zubha varNa, (19) zubha gandha, (20) zubha rasa, (21) zubha sparza, (22) agurulaghutva, (23) parAghAtanAma (dUsaroM se parAjita na honA), (24) ucchvAsa nAma, (25) AtapanAma, (26) udyotanAma (tejasvI honA), (27) zubhavihAyogati, (28) zubhanirmANanAma, (29) trasanAma, (30) bAdaranAma, (31) paryAptanAma, (32) pratyekanAma, (33) sthiranAma, (34) zubhanAma, (35) subhaganAma, (36) susvaranAma; (37) AdeyanAma, (38) yaza kIrtinAma, (39) devAyu, (40) manuSyAyu (41) tiryaJcAyu aura (42) tiirthkrnaag| puNyaphala prApta karane ke mukhyamota nau prakAra ke puNyakarma isa prakAra annapuNya Adi nau prakAra ke puNyakarmoM se uparyukta 42 prakAra ke puNyaphala prApta hote haiM, jinakA upabhoga puNyazAlI vyakti anAyAsa hI aura kaI-kaI anAsakta bhAva se bhI karate haiN| 1. (ka) . "AyuH zrIrvapurAdikaM yadi bhavet puNyaM puropaarjitm| syAt sarvaM bhavenna tacca nitarAmAyAsite'pyAtmani // " -AgAra dharmAmRta 37 (kha) puNyaM hi sammukhInaM cet sukhopAyazatena kim ? na puNyaM sammukhInaM cet sukhopAyazatena kim? -AgAra dharmAmRta 1/60/436 (ga) ko'pyandho'pi sulocano'pi jarasA grasto'pi laavnnyvaan| niSprANo'pi harivirUpatanurapyAdyuSyate mnmthH| udyogojjhitaceSTito'pi nitarAmAliMgyate ca shriyaa| puNyAdanyadapi prazastamakhilaM jAyeta ydurghttm|| -pa. vi. 1/189 2. (ka) dekheM-annapuNNe Adi nau prakAra ke puNyabandha ke kAraNa, sthAnAMga sthAna 9 (kha) navatattva prakaraNa gAthA 15-16 For Personal & Private Use Only

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418 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) pUrvakRta atizaya puNya se sampanna jIva ko manuSyajanma meM dazavidha bhogasAmagrI uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki ucca devaloka kI sthiti pUrNa karake ve puNyazAlI jIva manuSyayoni pAkara dazavidha bhogasAmagrI se yukta sthAna meM janma lete haiN| ve dasa sthAna isa prakAra haiM-(1) kSetra, (2) vAstu (gRha prAsAda), (3) svarNa, (4) pazu-samUha ye cAra kAmaskandha tathA (1) dAsa-poSya (2) mitravAn (3) uttama jJAti sampanna, (4) uccagotra, (5) surUpa, (6) svastha, (7) mahAprajJa, (8) abhijAta (kulIna), (9) yazasvI aura (10) blvaan|' vastutaH ye saba pUrvopArjita puNyarAzi ke phala haiM, jinakA upabhoga agale (manuSya) janma meM manuSya karatA hai| pApakarma karane meM antarAtmA ko kitanA duHkha, kitanA sukha? isake viparIta pApakarma kA phala duHkhakAraka hai, kaTu hai, bhogane meM bahuta duHkhada evaM kaSTakAraka hai| pApakarma puNyakarma kA virodhI hai| jIva ko duHkha bhogane meM kAraNabhUta jo azubhakarma hai, vaha dravyapApa hai aura usa azubhakarma ko utpanna karane meM kAraNabhUta azubha yA malina adhyavasAya (pariNAma) bhAvapApa hai| pApakarma karanA AsAna hai, manuSya antarAtmA kI AvAja ko dabAkara, krUrahRdaya banakara hiMsAdi pApakarmoM meM pratyakSa rUpa se pravRtta hotA hai, taba aMdara se to AtmA bAra-bAra kacoTatI rahatI hai, vaha isa kukRtya ko na karane ke lie kahatI hai, taba use thor3A kaSTa nahIM bhoganA pdd'taa| samAja se, rAjya se chipane meM; eka jhUTha ko chipAne ke lie aneka jhUTha-phareba karane meM; rAjadaNDa se, sAmAjika nindA va badanAmI se Darane meM; apayaza, aura kalaMka se bacane ke lie ulaTa-phera karane aura ulaTA-sIdhA prayAsa karane meM usa pApAcAraNaparAyaNa vyakti ke antaHkaraNa ko kitanA kaSTa hotA hogA? isakA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| beImAnI, bhraSTAcAra, taskara vyApAra evaM corI-DakaitI se, ThagI se yA dhokhebAjI se dhana kamAne tathA sukha-sAdhana bar3hAne vAle kabhI sukha-caina kI sAMsa lete nahIM dikhAI 1. tattha ThiccA jahAThANaM jakkhA Aukkhae cuyaa| uti mANusaM joNiM se dsNge'bhijaayii|| khetaM vatyuM hiraNNaM ca pasavo, daasporusN| cattAri kAmakhaMdhANi tattha se uvjji|| mitavaM nAivaM hoi, uccAgoe ya vaNNavaM / appAyaka mahApanne abhijAe jsoble|| -uttarAdhyayana 3/16, 17, 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana dete| kyA kisI cora, DAkU, ucakke, Thaga Adi ko apaharaNa kI huI vastu ko nizciMta hokara bhogate dekhA hai ? corI-DakaitI kA mAla usakI chAtI para baiThe sA~pa kI taraha use hara samaya DarAtA rahatA hai| pApakarma ke prabhAva se jIva nAnA prakAra ke duHkha bhogatA hai| pApakarmI yahA~ bhI duHkha uThAtA hai, aura paraloka meM use nAnA prakAra ke duHkha bhogane par3ate haiN| pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa use yahA~ tathA Age bhI priya vastuoM kA viyoga aura apriya vastuoM kA saMyoga milatA hai|" jaina dRSTi se pApakarma ke phala 'dhavalA' meM pApaphala ke viSaya meM prazna uThAkara samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai - " (pra.) pApakarma ke phala kauna-kauna se haiM?, (u. ) 'naraka meM, tiryaJca meM tathA kumAnuSa kI yoniyoM meM janma, jarA, mRtyu, vyAdhi, vedanA aura daridratA Adi kI prApti pApa ke phala haiN|" 'pravacanasAra' meM kahA gayA hai - 'azubha (pApakarma) ke udaya se kumAnuSa, tiryaMca aura nAraka hokara sadaiva hajAroM duHkhoM se pIr3ita hotA huA jIva ananta saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai|" isalie hiMsAdi sabhI pApakarma duHkha aura aniSTa saMyoga paidA karane vAle haiN| 419 ihaloka meM bhI pApakarma kA phala atIva bhayaMkara duHkharUpa pApakarma kitanA hI chipAkara kareM, kabhI na kabhI to vaha khula hI jAtA hai| pApakarma jaba khulate haiM, taba jela, kaida, kacaharI meM kalaMkita, pulisa dvArA mAra-pITa Adi nAnA prakAra ke kaThora daNDa bhogane par3ate haiN| lokApavAda, lAMchanA aura badanAmI kI Aga meM jalanA par3atA hai| bahuta bAra to beImAnI aura anaitika kamAI ghara kI rahI sahI satsampatti ko bhI le DUbatI hai aura manuSya ko daridra evaM phaTehAla banA detI hai| pApakarma parAyaNa manuSya kI samasta vRttiyA~ cora jaisI hI nikRSTa evaM nimna koTi kI ho jAtI haiN| aisI sthiti meM pApakarmI kI kauna-sI durdazA nahIM hotI hogI / pApakarma 1. kevala apane hI lie na jIe~ (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se yatkiMcid bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 110 2. (ka) (pra.) kANi pAvaphalANi ? (u.) Niraya-tiriya-kumANusa joNIsu jAi-maraNa - jarA vaahi-veynnaa-daaliddaadiinni|" - dhavalA 1/1, 1, 2/105/5 (kha) asuhodaeNa AdA kuNaro tiriyo bhavIya Neraiyo / dukkhasahassehiM sadA abhidhudo bhamati accatA / " (ga) hiNsaadissvihaamutrcaapaayaavdydrshnm|" For Personal & Private Use Only - pravacanasAra (su.) 12 - tattvArthasUtra 7/9

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420 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karake arjita jisa sAdhana, suvidhA, dhana aura vaibhava se sukha-zAnti nahIM, prasannatA aura praphullatA nahIM, usakA honA, na honA barAbara hai, balki asukhakArI sampatti kI vidyamAnatA bhayaMkara rUpa se duHkhadAyI bana jAtI hai| pApa apane svabhAva ke anusAra apane AzrayadAtA ko na kevala isI janma meM khAtA rahatA hai, balki janma-janmAntara meM sAtha lagakara loka-paraloka ko bigAr3atA rahatA hai| ataH pApakarma manuSya ko Adi, anta aura varttamAna tInoM kAloM meM duHkhI banAtA hai| usakI antarAtmA use bAra bAra dhikkAratI aura bhartsanA karatI hai| isIlie uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai - " pApakarma kartA apane hI karmoM se pIr3ita hotA hai|'' isase Age bar3hakara spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai - jo AtmA praduSTacitta (rAga-dveSa se kaluSita) hokara karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai, ve karma vipAka (phalabhoga) meM bahuta hI duHkhadAyI hote haiN|' 'cANakyanIti' meM spaSTa kahA hai- "daridratA, duHkha, roga, bandhana evaM vipattiyA~ye saba zarIradhAriyoM ke apane aparAdha (pApa) rUpI vRkSa ke phala haiN|" kyoMki-"pApakarma ke AcaraNa se vyAdhi hotI hai, pApa karma se bur3hApA zIghra AtA hai, pApakarma se dInatA-hInatA, bhayaMkara duHkha evaM zoka prApta hote haiN|" manusmRti meM kahA hai- " durAcArI pApAtmA vyakti isa loka meM nindita, duHkhabhAjana, rogI aura alpAyu hotA hai|" "isake viparIta zreSTha AcaraNa karane vAlA dIrghajIvI hotA hai, vaha zreSTha santAna aura susampannatA prApta karatA hai| sadAcArI puruSa durAcArI ko bhI sudhAra detA hai|" vAstava meM, zArIrika mAnasika roga, santAMpa, daridratA, durghaTanA, mAnasika vikSepa, akAla mRtyu, vipatti, saMkaTa Adi anekoM Akasmika vipadAoM ke mUla kAraNa 9. (ka) "sakammuNA kiccai pAvakArI / " 2. - uttarAdhyayana 4 / 3 (kha) paduTThacitto ya ciNAi kammaM, jaM te puNo hoi duhaM vivAge // - uttarAdhyayana 32/46 (ga) kevala apane hI lie na jIe~ (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 112 (ka) 'AtmA'parAdha vRkSasya phalAnyetAni dehinAm / - cANakyanIti dAridrya - duHkha - rogAni bandhana- vyasanAni ca // " (kha) pApena jAyate vyAdhiH pApena jAyate jarA / " pApena jAyate dainyaM duHkhaM zoko bhayaMkaraH // (ga) durAcAro hi puruSo loke bhavati ninditaH / duHkhabhAgI ca satate vyAdhito'lpAyureva ca // bhAcArAllabhate hyAyurAcArAdIpsitAH prajAH / AcArAddhanamakSayyamAcAro hantyalakSaNam // For Personal & Private Use Only - cANakyanIti -manusmRti

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 421 pUrvakRta pApakarma hI hote haiN| phira ve pApakarma isa janma meM kiye hoM, athavA pUrvajanmoM meN| mRtyu ke pazcAt narakagati, pretayoni (AsurI yoni) tathA anya nikRSTa yoniyoM meM janma jaisI durgatiyoM kA kAraNa bhI pUrvasaMcita pApakarma haiM, jo apane samaya para phala bhugavAkara hI rahate haiN| _ "mArkaNDeya purANa" meM to yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki "paira meM kAMTA lagane para to vaha eka hI jagaha pIr3A detA hai, kintu pApakarma to moTe khIle ke samAna anekoM jagaha atyanta pIr3A detA hai| jinameM mastakapIr3A, Adi duHsaha vyAdhiyA~ tathA kupathya bhojana, ThaMDa, garmI, thakAna, santApa Adi paidA karane vAle roga mukhya haiN|" / ___garuDapurANa bhI isa tathya kA sAkSI hai-"kaliyuga meM manuSyoM ke rahana-sahana azuddha ho jAne se ve preta yoni ko prApta hote haiN| satayuga evaM dvApara Adi yuga meM to koI preta nahIM hotA thA, na hI kisI ko preta-sambandhI pIr3A hotI thii|" / ___pApakarmI jaise-jaise pApa karate haiM, unhIM rUpoM meM unheM unakA pratiphala milatA hai| mArkaNDeya purANa meM kahA hai-"jo dUsaroM ko bhUkhe mArakara durbhikSa paidA karate haiM, ve svayaM durbhikSa ke zikAra hote haiM, jo dUsaroM ko kleza (kaSTa) dete haiM, ve kleza pAte haiM, dUsaroM ko DarAne vAle svayaM bhayabhIta rahate haiM aura dUsaroM ko mArane vAle svayaM bemauta marate haiM, dUsaroM kA zoSaNa karake unheM daridra banA dene vAle svayaM daridratA se pIr3ita hote haiN| pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa ve nAnAvidha kugatiyoM meM bhramaNa karate rahate haiN|" __pApakarmI manuSya kI buddhi bhraSTa ho jAtI hai| vivekamUr3ha banakara usakA mana bekAbU ho jAtA hai| usameM tIvra pApa vAsanAe~ uThatI haiM, jinheM pUrI karane ke lie vaha akhAdya khAtA hai, apeya vastu kA pAna karatA hai, agamya gamana (anucita amaryAda kAma-sevana) karatA hai| duSToM kI sohabata meM rahatA hai, jUA Adi durvyasanoM kA zikAra ho jAtA hai| usake mastiSka meM bure vicAroM ke tUphAna umar3a-ghumar3a kara Ate rahate haiN| vaha raudradhyAna-parAyaNa hokara hiMsA, jhUTha, phareba, dUsaroM kA dhana har3apane aura dUsaroM kI calaacala sampatti ko apane kabje meM karane kA plAna banAtA rahatA hai| vaha apanI dainika caryA meM astavyasta aura aniyamita rahatA hai| Alasya aura pramAda se ghirA rahatA hai| 1. (ka) pAdanyAsakRtaM duHkhaM kaNTakotthaM prycchti| ttprbhuuttr-sthuul-shNku-kiilksmbhvm|| . duHkhaM yacchati tadvacca zirorogAdi duHshm| . apthyaashn-shiitossnn-shrm-taapaadikaarkm|| -mArkaNDeya purANa (kha) kalau pretatvamApnoti tAAzuddha kriyaa-prH| rUtAdau dvAparaM yAvatra, preto naiva piiddnm|| -garur3a purANa (ga) durbhikSAdeva durbhikSaM, klezAtklezaM, bhyaadbhym| mRtebhyaH pramRtA yAnti daridrAH paapkrminnH|| -mArkaNDeya purANa 18 2. kevala apane hI lie na jIe~ (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 117 For Personal & Private Use Only

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422 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) pApakarmarata mAnavoM kI buddhi tIna mithyA mAnyatAoM se bhraSTa aura duSpariNAma isI tathya kA samarthana karate hue uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai- pApakarma meM rata manuSyoM kI buddhi tIna prakAra kI mithyA mAnyatAoM se bhraSTa ho jAtI hai- ( 1 ) paMcabhUtavAdI, anAtmavAdI yA tajjIva- taccharIravAdI ke matAnusAra pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnakara paraloka kA apalApa karane se, (2) bhUta aura bhaviSya kI upekSA karake kevala vartamAna ko hI saba kucha mAnane vAle preyavAdiyoM kA matAnusaraNa karane se aura (3) gatAnugatika banakara vivekamUr3ha bahirAtmAoM kA matAnusaraNa karane se| ina tInoM matoM meM se prathama kA anusaraNa karake vaha pApamati ajJAnI kahatA hai"maiMne paraloka nahIM dekhA, isa loka meM kAmabhogoM meM ramaNa kA sukha to pratyakSa A~khoM se dekha rahA huuN|" usake phalasvarUpa vaha naraka ke jAla meM pha~sa jAtA hai| sukha dvitIya matAnusaraNa karake vaha kahatA hai-"ye pratyakSa dRzyamAna kAmabhogoM ke to hastagata haiM, bhaviSya kA sukha to abhI bahuta dUra hai, anizcita bhI hai| aura kauna jAnatA hai ki paraloka hai bhI yA nahIM ?" tIsarI mAnyatA ke anusAra vaha gatAnugatika banakara kahatA hai- "ina bahuta-se logoM kI jo gati hogI, vahI merI ho jaaegii| maiM to inhIM ke sAtha rhuuNgaa|" isa prakAra dhRSTatA ko apanAkara niHzaMka hokara kAmabhogoM kA sevana karatA hai, jisakA phala yahA~ aura vahA~ sarvatra kleza hI kleza hai| "vaha pApakarmaparAyaNa mAnava trasa aura sthAvara jIvoM kI saprayojana yA niSprayojana hiMsA karatA rahatA hai / phira vaha ajJAnI mAnava hiMsaka, mRSAvAdI, mAyAvI, cugalakhora, zaTha (dhUrta) evaM uddaNDa banakara mAMsa aura madirA kA dhar3alle se sevana karatA hai aura mAnatA hai ki yahI mere lie zreyaskara hai| vaha tana, mana, vacana se matta (garviSTha) hokara kaMcana aura kAminiyoM meM Asakta ho jAtA hai| vaha rAga aura dveSa se, mithyA jJAna aura mithyA kriyA se donoM ora se aSTavidha pApakarma kA saMcaya karatA hai| aura antima samaya meM ghora pazcAttApa aura kheda karatA hai, parantu kucha kara nahIM sakatA, kyoMki vaha pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa prANaghAtaka bhayaMkara rogoM se AkrAnta ho jAtA hai| usa samaya apane krUra pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa narakagati meM prApta hone vAlI pragAr3ha vedanAoM kA smaraNa karake vaha kAMpa uThatA hai| isalie pApakarma kA phala use yahA~ bhI saMtrasta karatA hai, aura Age bhI vividha kugatiyoM aura kuyoniyoM meM bhI nAnA yAtanAoM se vaha saMtrasta hotA hai|' 1. dekheM, uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke paMcama adhyayana kI gA 5 se 12 taka kA vivecana, pR. 89 (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 423 AcArAMga sUtra meM to spaSTa kahA hai ki "jo SaTjIvanikAyoM kI hiMsA rUpa pApakarma karatA hai, vaha hiMsA usake ahita ke lie tathA abodhi ke lie hotI hai| vaha nizcaya hI usake lie karmoM kI gAMTha (bandhanarUpa granthI) hai, vaha moha (karmabandhaka) hai, vahI mRtyu hai, vahI naraka hai / " pApakarmoM kA duSphala : aneka rUpoM meM duHkhoM kA cakra AcArAMgasUtra meM hI Age kahA gayA hai- "parigraha aura kAma kI Asakti se hone vAle pApakarmoM ko bhalI-bhAMti samajhakara mumukSu sAdhaka pApakarmoM ko na to svayaM kare, na hI dUsaroM se karavAe, pApakarma kA anumodana na kre|" pApakarma kA mukhya duSphala batAte hue isI uddezaka ke anta meM kahA gayA hai"pApakarmoM ke duSpariNAmoM se anabhijJa ajJAnI mAnava bAra-bAra viSayoM meM Asakta hotA hai| kAmavAsanAoM aura viSayecchAoM ko manabhAvanI mAnakara vaha unakI bAra-bAra pUrti karatA hai| isa kAraNa vaha aharniza aneka zArIrika, mAnasika duHkhoM se duHkhI banA rahatA hai| vaha duHkhoM ke hI cakra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai|" kubuddhi kA sahArA lekara jo manuSya vividha pApakarmoM se dhana kamAte haiM, ve usa pApopArjita dhana ko yahIM chor3akara rAgadveSa ke pAza (jAla) meM par3ate haiM aura usa pApakarmavaza aneka jIvoM ke sAtha vaira bAMdhakara ve marakara naraka meM jAte haiN| jIva hiMsA kA phala bhI utanA hI duHkhada aura bhayaMkara usa yuga meM kaI pApaparAyaNa tathAkathita zramaNa yA brAhmaNa bhI jIvahiMsA meM koI pApa nahIM mAnate the aura sareAma kahate the - "prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattva kI vividha rUpa se hiMsA karane meM koI bhI pApa nahIM hai|" unheM cunautI dete hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'"he dArzaniko! prakharavAdiyo ! Apako duHkha priya hai yA apriya, jaise Apako duHkha 1. dekheM- "taM se ahiyAe taM se abohIe.....esa khalu gaMthe, esa khalu mohe, esa khalu mAre, esa khalu nnire|" - AcArAMga 1 zru. a. 1, u. 7, sU. 58-59 kA vivecana, pR. 35 ( Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara ) (ka) " se taM saMbujjhamANe, AyANIyaM samuTThAe, tamhA pAvaM kammaM Neva kujjA, Na kArave / " - AcArAMga 1/2/6/ sU. 95 (kha) "bAle puNa Nihe kAmasamaNNuNNe asamita dukkhe dukkhI dukkhANameva AvaTTaM aNupariyaTTati / " -vahI 1/2/6/sU. 105 2. (ga) je pAvakammehiM dhaNaM maNussA, samAyayaMti amaI gahAya / pahAya te pAsa paTTae nare, verANubaddhA narayaM urveti // For Personal & Private Use Only -uttarAdhyayana 4/2

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424 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) apriya hai, vaise hI sabhI prANiyoM ko duHkha apriya hai, asAtAkAraka hai, azAntijanaka hai, mahAbhayaMkara hai|" isakA pariNAma bhI utanA hI duHkha aura santApa paidA karane vAlA hai|' puNyakarma aura pApakarma ke suphala aura duSphala ke sarvajJokta zAstrIya udAharaNa isa sandarbha meM yaha bhI batA denA Avazyaka hai ki pApakarmoM kA phala dera-sabera avazya hI bhoganA par3atA hai| sukhavipAka sUtra meM usa yuga meM hue kucha viziSTa (dasa) zramaNopAsakoM-puNyazAliyoM kA jIvanavRtta diyA gayA hai, jinhoMne apane jIvanakAla meM zrAvakavrata grahaNa karake unakA niraticAra pAlana kiyaa| jisa (arjita) puNyarAzi ke phalasvarUpa unheM ucca devaloka prApta huaa| unameM se adhikAMza zrAvaka vahA~ se mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara saMyama grahaNa karake siddha-buddha evaM sarvakarma-mukta hoNge| ___ duHkhavipAka sUtra meM aise vyaktiyoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye haiM, jinhoMne apane pUrvajanma meM pApakarma upArjita kiye the, phalataH isa janma meM bhI unheM bodhi (Atmabodha) prApta na ho skii| ve pUrva-kusaMskAravaza pApakarma meM hI rata rhe| ataH pApakarma ke phalabhoga ke rUpa meM unheM janma-janmAntara meM vividha duHkhoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| unakI bAra-bAra mRtyu bhI duHkhAnta hI huii| mRtyu ke pazcAt bhI unheM prAyaH kugati, kuyoni aura kumAnuSayoni hI prApta huI, jahA~ unheM samyak bodha nahIM mila skaa| isase spaSTa hai ki apane dvArA eka janma meM arjita pApakarmoM kA phala agale eka janma meM hI nahIM, aneka janmoM meM, aura kaI gunA adhika bhoganA pdd'aa| sArA duHkhavipAka sUtra isa tathya kA sAkSI hai| aSTAdaza vidha pApa karmoM ke bandha kA 82 prakAra se phalabhoga ___isa dRSTi se jainakarma vijJAna meM batAyA gayA hai ki-aThAraha prakAra se hue pApakarmoM ke bandha kA phala 82 prakAra se bhoganA par3atA hai| navatattva prakaraNa meM unakA krama isa prakAra hai-(1-5) paMcavidha jJAnAvaraNIya, (6-10) paMcavidha antarAya, (11-15) pAMca prakAra kI nidrA (16-19) cAra prakAra kA darzanAvaraNIya, (20) asAtAvedanIya, (21) nIcagotra, (22) mithyAtvamohanIya, (23) sthAvara-nAma, (24) sUkSmanAma, (25) paryApta nAma, (26) sAdhAraNa nAma, (27) asthira nAma, (28) azubha nAma, (29) durbhaganAma, (30) dusvara nAma, (31) anAdeya nAma, (32) ayazokIrtinAma, (33) 1. "puvvaM nikAya samayaM patteyaM pucchissAmo-'haM bho pAvAduyA! kiM bhe sAyaM dukkhaM udAhu asAyaM? samiyA paDivanne yAvi evaM bUyA-savvesiM pANANaM savvesiM bhUyANaM savvesiM jIvANaM savvesiM sattANaM asAyaM appariNivvANaM mahabbhayaM dukkhN|" -AcArAMga 1/4/2/sU. 139 2. dekheM-vipAkasUtra kA prathama aura dvitIya skndh| For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 425 narakagati, (34) narakAyu, (35) narakAnupUrvI, (36-51) anantAnubandhI Adi solaha kaSAya, (52-60) hAsyAdi nau nokaSAya, (61) tiryaMcagati, (62) tiryaJcAnupUrvI, (63) ekendriyatva, (64) dvIndriyatva, (65) trIndriyatva, (66) caturindriyatva, (67) azubhavihAyogati, (68) upaghAtanAma, (69-72) azubhavarNAdi cAra, (73-77) RSabhanArAcAdi pAMca saMhanana, (78-82) nyagrodha-parimaNDala Adi pAMca sNsthaan| __isa prakAra 82 rUpoM meM sAMsArika karmabaddha jIva ko pApakarmoM kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| saMsArastha vibhinna jIvoM ko inameM se apane pApakarmAnusAra vibhinna mAtrA meM alaga-alaga rUpa meM yathAyogya pApakarmaphala bhoganA par3atA hai| eka hI janma meM tatkAla hI bhoganA par3e, aisA ekAnta niyama nahIM hai| karma siddhAnta ke niyamAnusAra use baddhakarma kI vibhinna prakRti, sthiti, anubhAva aura pradeza ke anusAra hI pApa karma kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| pApakarmajanita duHkhoM ke lie vyakti svayaM hI uttaradAyI pUrvokta pApakoM ke phalasvarUpa prApta hone vAle duHkhoM ke lie prANI svayaM hI uttaradAyI hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai-jo mithyAtvagrasta ajJAnI krUra karmoM ko bAra-bAra karatA hai, utkaTa rUpa se karatA hai| prakArAntara se vaha asthira aura kSaNabhaMgura jIvana ko ajara amara mAnatA hai| isalie jJAnazUnya hone se vaha bAla (ajJAnI) hai tathA sad-asad viveka buddhi na hone se vaha manda hai aura paramArtha (mokSa) kA jJAna na hone se vaha mUr3ha (avijJAna) hai| isI ajJAna dazA ke kAraNa vaha vaiSayika sukha pAne ke lie krUra karma karatA hai| vaha apane lie duHkha utpanna karatA hai| tathA usI duHkha se udvigna hokara vaha viparIta dazA (sukha ke badale duHkha) ko prApta hotA hai| usa moha (mithyAtva, kaSAya, viSayasukhavAMchA) se uddhata hokara vaha karmabandhana karatA hai, usa pApa karma ke phalasvarUpa bAra-bAra garbha meM AtA hai, janma maraNAdi duHkha pAtA hai| ... . una duHkhoM ke prApta hone meM doSa vyakti kA apanA hI hai, kisI dUsare kA nhiiN| paramAtmA, daiva, durbhAgya, kAla, kSetra yA kisI bhI nimittabhUta vyakti ko doSa denA kathamapi ucita nahIM hai| pApa karma ke udaya se jo Akasmika hAni-lAbha yA prakRti-prakopa samajhe jAte haiM, ve bhI manuSya ke apane hI saMcita pApa karmoM ke phala haiN| usameM bAharI nimitta koI 1. (ka) navatattva prakaraNa gA. 18-19 (kha) ina sabake svarUpa ke lie dekheM 'karmabandha prakaraNa' tathA karma grantha bhA. 1 (paM. sukhalAlajI) 2. dekheM-kUrANi kammANi bAle pakubvamANe, teNa dukkheNa mUDhe vipariyAsamuvei / moheNa gabbhaM maraNAti eti|" -AcArAMga sUtra zru. 1, a. 5, u. 1, sU. 148) kA vivecana va TippaNa (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 147 For Personal & Private Use Only

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426 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bhI vyakti, paristhiti, kSetra, kAla, graha-nakSatra yA deva-dAnava Adi ho sakatA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki jisane isa janma meM yA pUrvajanma meM duSkarmoM yA pApakarmoM kI gaTharI bA~dhI; saMcita pApa karma paripAka hone para udaya meM Ate haiM aura duHkha-dAridrya Adi ke rUpa meM phala bhugavAte haiN| isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai-"jitane bhI duHkha haiM, duHkhAnubhava haiM, ve saba AtmakRta hote haiM, parakRta nhiiN|" jitane bhI avidyAvAn evaM AtmaprajJA se zUnya haiM, ve svayameva apane lie duHkha utpanna karate haiN|' ajJAnatAvaza ve apane hI asaMyama evaM pApakarmoM meM Asakti ke kAraNa apane liye duHkhada sthiti paidA kara lete haiN| aneka duHkhoM se bAra-bAra trasta hone para bhI pApakoM ko nahIM chor3ate isa satya ko sabhI jAnate haiM ki pApakarmoM kA pariNAma akalyANakArI evaM duHkhada hotA hai aura puNyakarmoM kA pariNAma kalyANapreraka evaM sukhada; tathApi ve pApakarma meM pravRtta ho jAte haiM, isakA kAraNa manuSya kA mithyAjJAna hI hai| bAra-bAra una pApa karmoM meM pravRtti karane ke kAraNa manuSya kA abhyAsa dRr3ha hokara kusaMskAroM kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| isa prakAra svakRta kusaMskAra bar3e bhayAnaka hote haiM, ve bAra-bAra duHkha, saMkaTa aura vipatti ke A par3ane para bhI ve usase trasta hote jAte haiN| . AcArAMga sUtra ke anusAra "ve mohamUr3ha puruSa AtmakalyANa kA avasara Ane para bhI usase vaMcita raha jAte haiM, pUrvasaMskAra, pUrvAgrahapUrNa mithyA-dRSTi, kula-jAti kA abhimAna, sAmpradAyika abhiniveza, rASTrAndhatA Adi kI pakar3a ke kAraNa ve aneka duHkhoM se trasta hone para unheM chor3a nahIM skte| jisa prakAra saMbhUti ke jIva brahmadatta cakravartI ko sAMsArika kAmabhogoM ko chor3anA duSkara ho gayA thA, tathA duryodhana dharma-adharma ko sAdhAraNa rUpa se jAnane para bhI vaha dharma (puNyakArya) meM pravRtti aura adharma kArya (pApakarma) se nivRtti nahIM kara skaa| usane yahI kahA thA-"maiM dharma kyA hai ? yaha jAnatA hU~, tathApi usameM merI pravRtti nahIM ho rahI hai, tathA adharma kyA hai ? yaha bhI maiM jAnatA hU~, kintu usase nivRtta nahIM ho pA rahA huuN| 1. (ka) "attakaDe dukkhe, no prkdde|" -bhagavatI. 175 (kha) "jAvaMta'vijjApurisA savve te dukkhsNbhvaa| lupaMti bahuso mUDhA saMsArammi annNte|" -uttarAdhyayana 6/1 2. dekheM-bhaMjagA iva sannivesaM no cyNti|-(aacaaraaNg 1/6/1 sU. 178) kA anuvAda evaM vivecana (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR. 195 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 427 aisA AbhAsa hotA hai ki koI deva mere hRdaya meM baiThA hai, aura vahI mujhe jaise aura jahA~ niyukta karatA hai, vaise aura jahA~ niyukta hokara maiM vaisA hI karatA huuN|" sacamuca, duryodhana ke mana meM jisa deva kA bhrama thA, vaha aura koI nahIM svayaM kA pApa karmoM se abhyasta Atmadeva thA, jo ajJAna aura moha se AvRta thaa| agara usakI AtmA ne zuddha hRdaya se rAga-dveSa se pare hokara apanI AtmA ke sAtha lage hue pApa-puNya kA yathArtha jJAna-bhAna evaM darzana kara liyA hotA to vaha pApakarma meM pravRtta hone se ruka jaataa| yadi manuSya ko apanI AtmA ke sAtha baddha hone vAle puNya-pApa karmoM kA tathA unake zubhAzubha phala kA tathA dharma-adharma kA samyak jJAna ho jAe to vaha pApAcaraNa ko chor3akara yA to puNyAcaraNa meM pravRtta hotA hai, athavA saMvaraM nirjarArUpa dharmAcaraNa meM pravRtta hokara zubhAzubha karmoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| ajJAna dUra hone para hI puNya-pApa bandha-mokSa kA jJAna sudRr3ha hotA hai dazavaikAlika sUtra meM isI tathya ko AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se vyakta kiyA gayA hai- "jo jIvoM ko bhI vizeSa rUpa se jAna letA hai, aura ajIvoM ko bhI vizeSa rUpa se jAna letA hai, (isa prakAra ) jIva aura ajIva donoM ko vizeSa rUpa se jAnane vAlA hI vaha saMyama ko (saMvara-nirjarA ko ) jAna skegaa| aisI sthiti meM vaha samasta jIvoM kI bahuvidha gati gati ko bhI jAna skegaa| jaba vaha sarvajIvoM kI bahuvidha gati - Agati ko jAna letA hai, taba vaha (gati-Agati-janma maraNa ke evaM tajjanya evaM tatsambaddha duHkhoM ke kAraNabhUta) puNya-pApa karmoM ko tathA karmoM ke bandha evaM unase mokSa ko bhI jAna letA hai| inheM jAna lene para hI vaha daivika (divya) evaM mAnuSika bhogoM se virakta ho jAtA hai aura phira vaha bAhya Abhyantara saMyogoM (krodhAdi tathA svargAdi ke prati mamatva sambandhoM) kA parityAga kara detA hai| " 2 9. , (ka) dekheM, uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM citta sambhUtIya nAmaka 13 veM adhyayana kI gAthA 25-30 (kha) jAnAmi dharmaM na ca me pravRttiH, jAnAmyadharmaM na ca me nivRttiH / kenA'pi devena hRdi sthitena, yathA niyukto'smi tathA karomi // 2. jo jIve vi viyANei ajIve viviyANe | jIvAjIvaM viyANato, so hu nAhIi sajamaM // 13 // jayA jIvamajIve do vi ee viyANa / tayA gaI bahuvihaM savvaM jIvANa jANa // 14 // jayA gaI bahuvihaM, savvajIvANa jANa / tayA puNNaM ca pApaM ca, baMdha mukkhaM ca jANai // 15 // For Personal & Private Use Only -mahAbhArata

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428 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) yaha hai samyagjJAna evaM Atmabodha kA prbhaav| cAhatA hai sukharUpa puNyaphala, kintu pravRtta hotA hai duHkhaphaladAyI pApakarma meM . jise isa prakAra puNya-pApa, bandha-mokSa kA jJAna sudRr3ha ho jAtA hai, vaha phira pApakarma meM pravRtta hone se bacegA; phalataH vaha pApakarma ke kaTuphala se baca jaaegaa| kintu manuSya cAhatA to hai-puNyaphala, aura usase prApta hone vAlA sAttvika sukha; kintu pApakoM yA viSayAsaktijanya pApoM meM sukha khojatA hai, usakI yaha khoja nizcaya hI viparIta dizA meM daur3ane ke samAna hai| krodhAdi kaSAya yA viSayasukha, sevanakAla meM amRtopama madhura lagate haiM, kintu pariNAma meM viSaphala ke samAna duHkhadAyI hote haiN| isa viparIta dRSTi evaM mithyAjJAna ke kAraNa hI ve pApakarma meM bAra-bAra pravRtta hote haiM, jisakA phala na cAhate hue bhI duHkhabahula hI AtA hai| sukha kI lAlasA rakhate hue bhI adhikAMza AtaMkavAdI, yuddhavAdI athavA AsurIprakRti ke loga vibhinna hiMsAdi pApakarmoM meM pravRtta hote haiM, unake duSpariNAmasvarUpa anake duHkhoM, mAnasika santApoM, klezoM, rogoM aura kaSToM ko pAte hue bhI ve una pApakarmoM se virata nahIM hote| nimnokta zloka meM manuSya kI isI viparIta buddhi kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai puNyasya phalamicchanti, puNyaM necchanti maanvaaH| na pApaphalamicchanti, pApaM kurvanti ytntH|| bahuta-se manuSya puNya ke phala (sukha) kI to kAmanA karate haiM, kintu puNyakarma karanA nahIM caahte|' ve pApa ke phala (duHkha) ko cAhate nhiiN| phira bhI pApakarma prayatnapUrvaka kiyA karate haiN| pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa 16 duHsAdhya rogoM kI utpatti bhagavAn mahAvIra ne una prajJAndha yA mohAndha jIvoM kI A~kheM kholane ke lie AcArAMga sUtra meM batAyA hai-"aba tU dekha! vividha pApakarmoM meM pravRtta ve mohamUr3ha mAnava pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa una-una kuloM meM utpanna hokara apane-apane (pApakarmoM kA phala bhogane ke lie) nimnokta 16 duHsAdhya rogoM se AkrAnta ho jAte haiM-(1) gaNDamAlA, jayA puNNaM ca pAvaM ca baMdhe mukkhe ca jaanni| tayA nisviMdae bhoe je divve je ya maannuse||16|| jayA nivviMdae bhoe, je divve je ya maannuse| tayA cayai saMjogaM, sbbhiNtr-baahirN||17|| -dazavai. a. 4 gA. 13 se 17 1. kevala apane hI lie na jIeM (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se sArAMza uddhRta For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 429 (2) kor3ha, (3) rAjayakSmA, (4) apasmAra (mRgI-hisTIriyA)(5) kANatva, (6) jar3atA (aMgopAMgoM meM zUnyatA), (7) kuNitva (TUTApana, aMga vikalatA yA eka hAtha yA paira kA choTA yA bar3A honA), (8) kubjatA (kubar3Apana), (9) udararoga (jalodara, udarazUla, gaisa, alsara Adi), (10) mUka roga (gUgApana), (11) zotha roga (sUjana, photA bar3hanA yA phAileriyA), (12) bhasmakaroga, (13) kampavAta, (14) pIThasI paMgutA, (15) zlIpada roga (hAthIpagA) aura (16) madhumeha (ddaaybittiij)|" "isake pazcAt kaI-kaI loga to zUla (yoni zUla, sujAka, bhagaMdara Adi) maraNAntaka AtaMka (duHsAdhya roga) aura apratyAzita duHkhoM se pIr3ita hote haiN|" "bahuta-se loga ina pUrvokta rogoM se utpanna duHkhoM ko jAnakara tathA pIr3A mahasUsa karate hue bhI ina nirbala evaM niHsAra nAzavAna zarIra ko sukha dene kI yA zarIra-sukha kI kalpanA se nAnA prANiyoM, paMcendriya pazu-pakSiyoM tathA manuSyoM kA vadha karate-karAte haiN| aise pApakarmI mAnava viSaya-kaSAyoM meM mithyAtvAndha hokara punaH punaH andhakAra meM rahate haiM, phalataH ve nAnA duHkhapUrNa avasthAoM ko eka bAra yA aneka bAra bhogate haiN| karmAnusAra ve tIvra manda phala kA anubhava karate haiN|' puNyakarma bhI svArtha lobhAdi se prerita ho to sAttvika sukharUpa phala prApti nahIM hotI isake viparIta jo loga puNyakarma karate haiM, ve bhI agara puNya kriyAe~ svArtha, lobha, bhaya, ihalaukika-pAralaukika kAmabhogajanya sukhoM kI vAMchA se prerita hokara karate haiM to apane puNya kA sAttvika phala prApta nahIM kara skte| kadAcit isa janma meM yA pUrvajanma meM kRta puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa unheM tathAkathita sukha ke sAdhana (dhana, vaibhava, pada, pratiSThA, adhikAra) prApta bhI ho jAe~, phira bhI ve unake lie sukhAnubhava prApta karAne meM sakSama nahIM ho skte| sukha ke tathAkathita sAdhana prApta ho bhI jAe~, parantu ve sAdhana taba taka sukha kI prApti nahIM karA sakate, jaba taka una sAdhanoM kA samyak upayoga karane kI samyagdRSTi prApta na ho jaae| isalie kisI manuSya ko pUrvopArjita puNya ke phalasvarUpa sampatti, sattA, vaibhava, pada Adi prApta ho bhI jAeM, phira bhI agara usakI dRSTi samyak nahIM hai to vaha unase puNya 1. aha pAsa, tehiM tehiM kulehiM AyattAe jAyAgaMDI aduvA koDhI, rAyaMsI avmaariyN| kANiyaM jhimiyaM ceva kuNiyaM khujjiyaM thaa| udariM pAsa mUyaM ca sUNimaM ca gilaasinniN| vevaI pIDhasappiM ca, silivayaM mhumehnniN|| solasa ete rogA akkhAyA annupuvvso| ahaNaM phusati AyaMkA, phAsA ya asmNjsaa|| maraNaM tesiM saMpehAe uvavAyaM cavaNaM ca nnccaa| paripAgaM ca saMpehAe taM suNeha jhaa-thaa|| -AcArAMga 1/6/1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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430 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ke bajAya pApakarma hI upArjita karatA hai, vaha sattA, dhana yA pada Adi ke ahaMkAra meM cUra hokara lAkhoM manuSyoM kA saMhAra karavA sakatA hai, base hue nagaroM ko ujAr3a sakatA hai, lAkhoM kA zoSaNa aura utpIr3ana karake, bhraSTAcAra se, anyAya-anIti se pApamayI sampatti prApta kara sakatA hai parantu dharmopArjana nahIM kara paataa| vAstavika puNyakarma meM svArthatyAga, tapa aura balidAna kI bhAvanA hotI hai _isalie vAstavika puNya karma vahI hai, jo saduddezya se, vivekapUrvaka niSkAma bhAva se kiyA jAe, jisake mUla meM svArthatyAga, tapa aura balidAna kI bhAvanA ho| usa puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa sAdhAraNa se Amnavajanaka pratIta hone vAle kArya bhI saMvara rUpa ho jAte haiM aura puNya ke sAtha svArtha, ahaMkAra evaM bhogavRtti kA viSa mila jAne se ve hI puNyakArya saMvarajanaka hone kI apekSA AmnavotpAdaka bana jAte haiN| sakAma nirjarAakAmanirjarA, tathA sakAma aura niSkAma puNyakarma kA antara samajha lenA caahie|' yaha puNyakarma nahIM, kalyANakAraka nahIM, vyavasAya hai ___jo kArya sAMsArika lAbha yA bhautika pratiphala prApta karane ke uddezya se kiye jAte haiM ve bAhara se bhale hI puNya dikhAI dete hoM, bhItara se unakA puNyatattva naSTa ho jAtA hai| ve eka prakAra se saudebAjI yA vyavasAya bana jAte haiN| unase na to Atma kalyANa ke patha para bar3hanA hotA hai aura na hI mAnasika sukha-zAnti prApta hotI hai| jisase laukika lAbha mila cukA, usase phira pAralaukika lAbha kaise milegA? vaha puNya jo tuccha svArtha yA laukika-pAralaukika kAmanA-vAsanA yA arthalAbhAdi ke uddezya se prerita hokara kiyA jAtA hai, vaha aura kucha bhale hI ho, puNya nahIM ho sktaa| jisakA laukika lAbha mila cukA, usase pAralaukika prayojana kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? duharA prayojana yA dubArA lAbha kaise milegA? ___jisa ceka ko eka bAra baiMka meM bhunA liyA gayA, use dubArA bhunAne meM saphalatA nahIM miltii| jisa TikaTa para muhara laga cukI, use dubArA liphAphe para cipakAye jAne se vaha calegA nhiiN| yahI bAta puNyakarmoM para bhI lAgU hotI hai| vAhavAhI, prazaMsA, pratiSThA, sattA yA pada hAsila karane kI nIyata se koI puNyakArya kiyA gayA, usase eka bAra vAhavAhI, pada yA sattA yA pratiSThA lUTa lene kA lAbha mila jAne para vaha puNyakarma cale hue kAratUsa kI taraha apanI zakti aura sambhAvanA ko samApta kara cukA hotA hai| 1. kevala apane lie hI na jIeM (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa pR. 158 2. vahI, (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 160 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 431 zubhAzubha pariNAmoM (bhAvoM) ke anusAra hI puNyakarma aura pApakarma kA bandha va phala ___ ataH puNyakarma ho yA pApakarma jina pariNAmoM (bhAvoM) se bAMdhA gayA hai, unhIM pariNAmoM ke anusAra usakA phala milatA hai| vAstavika sukha to Atmika sukha (Ananda) hai, jo zAzvata hai, nirAbAdha hai, akSaya hai| vaha karmoM ke kSaya, nirodha yA nirjaraNa se prApta hotA hai| parantu utanI dUra taka koI na pahu~ca sake to bhI jo sAttvika sukha hai, jo naitikatA evaM laukika dharma kI ArAdhanA evaM paropakAra, sevA, dAna, sahayoga, pIr3itoM ke prati sahAnubhUti Adi puNyakarmoM (sukRtyoM) se prApta hotA hai| puNyakarma niHsvArthabhAva se ho, tabhI usakA yaha vAMchita phala prApta hotA hai| pApa karma ke duSphala se bacAvaH sadAcAra-satkarma-nIti parAyaNa rahakara puNya karma karane se hI kaI loga apane pApa karmoM ke phala se bacane ke lie dAna, dakSiNA, pUjApatrI, yA kIrtana-bhajana karA lete haiM aura yaha mAnate haiM ki isase unako pUrvakRta pApakarma kA phala nahIM milegaa| kintu yaha vicAra samyak nahIM hai| pUrvakRta pApakarma ke phala se bacane ke lie tapa, prAyazcitta, pazcAttApa, kSamAyAcanA, AlocanA Adi karanI hotI hai| isake binA pApAcaraNa kA phala kSamya nahIM ho sktaa| kintu yadi vaha pApakarma nikAcita rUpa se tIvra adhyavasAya se bAMdhA gayA hai, taba to usakA phala usI rUpa meM bhoge binA koI cArA nahIM hai| kaI loga dina aura rAta meM kucha dera bhagavAna kA nAma smaraNa, kIrtana, bhajana yA pUjA upahAra karAkara yaha mAnate haiM ki isase puNya lAbha ho jAegA, parantu usake sAtha unakI svargaprApti kI tathA ihalaukika pAralaukika vaibhava, vilAsa, sukhabhoga Adi kI jo kAmanA (nidAna-vAsanA) hai, vaha unheM yathArtha puNyalAbha se vaMcita kara detI hai|' ___isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tapa tathA dharmAcaraNa (paMcAcAra) ke pAlana ke sAtha ihalaukika pAralaukika AzaMsA, kAmabhoga lipsA, svArtha aura lobhalAlasA Adi ko varjita batAyA hai| ataH bhagavadstuti upAsanA yA pUjApATha ke sAtha jaba taka manuSya dharmAcaraNa yA kama se kama naitika jIvana parAyaNa sadAcAranirata evaM satkarmarata nahIM hogA, taba taka usakA karma na to puNyarUpa hogA, aura na hI yathArtha puNyaphala milegaa| 1. vahI, bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 125 2. dekheM, dazavaikAlika sUtra a. 9, u. 4 ke sU. 4 aura 5 kA 'na ihalogaTThayAe tavamahiTThijjA '' tathA 'na ihalogaTThayAe AyAramahiTThijjA", ityAdi tapaHsamAdhi aura AcAra samAdhi se sambandhita pATha For Personal & Private Use Only

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432 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) phala kI dRSTi se puNyakarma aura pApakarma kI pahacAna ___ kaI loga pApakarma karate hue bhI sukharUpa phala cAhate haiM, kintu isake viparIta ve pApoM ke duSpariNAma ke rUpa meM duHkha pAte rahate haiM, phira bhI pApakarma se virata nahIM hote| adhikAMza loga viSayopabhoga se hone vAle kSaNika sukhAnubhava ko hI vAstavika sukha aura pUrvapuNyaphala mAna lete haiN| kintu vaha sukha kAlpanika aura mithyA hai, mRgamarIcikAvat hai, pariNAma meM duHkhajanaka hai| kimpAgaphala ke sadRza vaha sukha sthUladRSTi se ApAtaramaNIya, madhura aura anupama pratIta hotA hai, parantu pariNAma meM duHkhada hai, glAni aura santApa paidA karane vAlA hai| ____ gItA meM usa sukha ko rAjasika kahA gayA hai, jo pahale amRtopama lagatA hai, kintu pariNAma meM viSa sama hotA hai| tathaiva jo sukha Adi aura anta meM AtmA ko mUrchita, mohamUr3ha tathA pramAdamagna karanevAlA hotA hai, use tAmasika kahA gayA hai| parantu jo sukha prArambha meM dharma, nIti Adi ke aMgoM kI sAdhanA karate samaya viSavat apriya yA kaTu lagatA hai, kintu pariNAma meM amRtatulya priya evaM hitakara hotA hai, vaha sAttvika sukha hai, jo yathArtha puNyakarma se prApta hotA hai|' pApakarma kA phalavipAka : pahale ApAtabhadra, kintu pariNAma meM bhadra nahIM puNyakarma aura pApakarma kA phala kaisA hotA hai ? ise yathArtharUpa se samajhane ke lie bhagavatIsUtra meM varNita bhagavAn mahAvIra aura kAlodAyI parivrAjaka kA saMvAda jAnanA ucita hogaa| ___ eka bAra rAjagRhI meM guNazIlaka caitya meM virAjamAna zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se kAlodAyI anagAra ne pUchA-"bhagavan! jIvoM ke dvArA kiye hue pApakarma kyA unheM pApaphala vipAka se yukta karate haiM ?" bhagavAn-hA~, karate haiN| kAlodAyI-'bhaMte! jIvoM ke pApakarma unheM pApaphala se yukta kaise karate haiM ? 1. (ka) kevala apane hI lie na jIe~ (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 123 (kha) yattadane viSamiva prinnaame'mRtopmm| tatsukha sAtvikaM proktmaatmbuddhi-prsaadjm|| viSayendriya-saMyogAda yattadagre'mRtopamam / pariNAme viSamiva tatsukhaM rAjasa smRtm|| yadagre cAnubandhe ca sukhaM mohnmaatmnH| nidrAlasya-pramAdotthaM tttaamsmudaahRtm|| -bhagavadgItA 18/36 se 38 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 433 bhagavAn ne rUpaka kI bhASA meM samAdhAna karate hue kahA-kAlodAyI! jaise koI puruSa hAMDI (yA degacI) meM samyak prakAra se pake hue manojJa evaM zuddha aSTAdaza vyaJjanoM se paripUrNa viSamizrita bhojana kA sevana karatA hai| vaha bhojana use ApAtabhadra (Upara-Upara se yA prArambha meM acchA) lagatA hai, kintu bAda meM jyoM jyoM pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM tyoM vaha adhikAdhika vikRta evaM durgandhayukta hotA jAtA hai, isalie vaha pariNAmabhadra nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra prANAtipAta se lekara mithyAdarzana zalya taka aThAraha pApasthAnoM kA sevana prArambha meM Upara-Upara se acchA (ApAtabhadra) lagatA hai, kintu bAda meM jaba jIva ke dvArA bAMdhe hue pApakarma udaya meM Ate haiM, taba azubha rUpa meM pariNata hone se ve durUha evaM durgandha se yukta padArtha kI taraha saba prakAra se use duHkhita (zArIrika mAnasika duHkhoM se yukta) karate haiN| isa prakAra pApakarma prArambha meM ApAtabhadra kintu pariNAma meM abhadra hote haiN| yoM jIvoM ke dvArA kRta pApakarma unheM azubha-phala vipAka se yukta karate haiN|' puNyakarma kA phalavipAka : pUrva meM ApAtabhadra nahIM, pariNAma meM bhadra phira kAlodAyI anagAra ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA-"bhagavan! jIvoM ke dvArA kRta kalyANakarma (puNyakarma) kyA unheM kalyANaphalavipAka se yukta kara dete haiM ? bhagavAn-hA~, karate haiN| kAlodAyI-"bhagavan! jIvoM ke kalyANakarma unheM kalyANa phala vipAka se yukta hone para kaise lagate haiM ?" bhagavAn-kAlodAyI! jaise koI puruSa hAMDI (tapelI yA degacI) meM samyak prakAra se pake hue aSTAdaza vyaMjanoM se yukta auSadhamizrita bhojana kA sevana karatA hai| use vaha bhojana ApAtabhadra (Upara-Upara se prArambha meM acchA) nahIM lagatA, kintu bAda meM jyoM-jyoM usakA pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM tyoM (auSadha ke kAraNa usa puruSa kA roga miTa jAne se) usase surUpatA, suvarNatA, yAvat sukhAnubhUti hotI hai| vaha bhojana duHkharUpa meM pariNata nahIM hotaa| he kAlodAyI! isI prakAra prANAtipAta viveka se lekara mithyAdarzana-zalya viveka jIvoM ko prArambha meM acchA nahIM lagatA, kintu bAda meM usakA pariNamana bhadrarUpa (sukharUpa) pratIta hotA hai, duHkharUpa nhiiN| he kAlodAyI! isI prakAra jIvoM ke kalyANa (puNya) karma unheM kalyANaphala se yukta kara dete haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki auSadha mizrita bhojana pahale to mana ke pratikUla lagatA hai, kintu bAda meM usakA pariNamana sukhaprada ho jAtA hai| ThIka usI prakAra hiMsAdi se 1. dekheM-bhagavatI (vyAkhyAprajJapti) sUtra zataka 7 u. 10 sU. 15/16 mUlapATha, anuvAda aura vivecana, (khaNDa 2) (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 200-201 / For Personal & Private Use Only

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434 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) viratirUpa zubha karma karane meM atyanta kaThina pratIta hote haiM, kintu jaba ve phala dete haiM, taba parama sukhaprada ho jAte haiN| isalie kalyANa (puNya) karma kA phala ApAtabhadra nahIM, apitu pariNAmabhadra hai|" phaladAnazakti kI apekSA se puNya-pApakarma phala ke kAraNoM kI mImAMsA isalie puNya karma aura pApakarma ke phala ke kAraNoM kI mImAMsA karate hue kahA gayA hai-phaladAnazakti kI apekSA se jaina karmavijJAna meM puNya aura pApa ina do bhedoM meM karmoM ko vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| dAna, bhakti-arcA, mandakaSAya, sAdhuvarga kI sevA, dayA, anukampA, alobhavRtti, paraguNa- prazaMsA, satsaMgati, atithi- sevA, vaiyAvRtya, paropakAra-karmaThatA, satkAryoM meM sahayoga Adi zubha kAryoM ko karane se aura tadanukUla antaHkaraNa kI vRtti hone se jina karmoM meM gur3a, khAMDa, zakkara, drAkSA Adi ke samAna madhura amRtopama phaladAnazakti upalabdha hotI hai, unheM sukhadaphala dAyaka puNya karma kahate haiN| isake viparIta madyapAna, mAMsa-machalI, aNDoM Adi kA AmiSa AhAra, zikAra, nirdoSa pazuoM aura manuSyoM kI hatyA karanA, daMgA, AtaMka evaM yuddha kA unmAda paidA karanA, corI, DakaitI, taskarI, lUTapATa, ThagI, beImAnI karanA, anyAya karanA, anaitika karma karanA, juA khelanA, vezyAgamana (mahilAoM ke dvArA vezyAkarma) karanA, parastrIgamana (parapuruSagamana) karanA, viSayabhogoM kA tIvratA se sevana karanA, duSToM aura durjanoM kI saMgati karanA, paradoSa (parachidra) darzana, kaSAya kI tIvratA, lobha kI adhikatA, atithi, bujurgoM aura bar3oM ke prati AdarabhAva na rakhanA, kudeva, kuguru aura kudharma ke prati zraddhAbhakti rakhanA, paranindA - cugalI karanA Adi azubha kAryoM ke karane se aura tadanukUla antaHkaraNa kI vRtti hone se jina karmoM meM nIma, kAMjIra, viSa aura halAhala ke samAna kaTu phaladAna zakti upalabdha hotI hai, unheM duHkharUpa phaladAyaka pApakarma kahate haiN| puNya-pApa ke phala ke sambandha meM bhrAnti Aja dhArmika jagat meM puNya aura pApa ke phala ke sambandha meM bar3I bhrAnti cala rahI hai, aura isakA poSaNa aura samarthana madhyayuga ke diggaja muniyoM aura AcAryoM ne bhI kiyA hai, aura vartamAna meM isa bhrAnti ko jyoM ko tyoM calAyA jA rahA hai| karmavijJAna kA yaha mantavya hai ki puNya karane se sukha milatA hai aura pApa karane se duHkha / samAja yA rASTra meM koI dhanADhya hai, to loga tapAka se kaha dete haiM- "yaha bar3A 1. 2. dekheM-bhagavatI (vyAkhyA prajJapti) sUtra, khaNDa 2, za. 7, u.10, sU. 17-18 kA mUla pATha, anuvAda aura vivecana, pR. 201 (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara ) mahAbandho bhA. 2 prastAvanA - karmamImAMsA (paM. phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI) se, pR. 20 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 435 puNyavAn hai / isane bahuta puNya kiyA hai, tabhI to itanA dhana milA hai| " koI nirdhana hai to jhaTa se usake viSaya meM nirNaya de diyA jAtA hai- "becAre ne pApakarma kiye the, isIlie to nirdhanatA kI cakkI meM pisa rahA hai| bure karmoM kA phala bhoga rahA hai / " bhrAnti yaha hai ki sukha aura duHkha ko loga acche-bure (puNya-pApa) karma ke phala ke sAtha na jor3akara dhana Adi bAhya padArthoM ke sAtha jor3a dete haiN| isa bhrAnti ke zikAra loga yaha kahane lage - " dhana cAhie, yA uttama sukhabhoga ke sAdhana cAhie to dharma karo, puNya karo / "" dharma-puNya se artha aura kAma kI prApti kA nArA vaidika dharma ke prAcIna grantha mahAbhArata ke racayitA vyAsa ne bhI yahI nArA lagAyA ki " artha aura kAma kI prApti dharma se hotI hai, phira usa dharma kA sevana kyoM nahIM karate ?" . yahI mAnyatA adhikAMza jaina kathAoM meM pratipAdita kI gaI hai| adhika dhana, aneka patniyA~, aneka dAsa-dAsI Adi kA honA puNyavAn yA dhArmika hone kA lakSaNa batAyA gyaa| usI kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| zAntasudhArasa ke racayitA upAdhyAya vinayavijayajI ne isI svara meM svara milAte hue kahA- "dharma kalpavRkSa hai| saMsAra meM aisI kauna-sI vastu hai jo dharma se nahIM milatI ? vizAla rAjya, sundara lalanA, putra aura pautra, ramaNIya rUpa, sarasa kAvya racanA kI zakti, susvaratva, Arogya, guNoM kA yA guNIjanoM kA saMsarga, sajjanatA aura subuddhi; ye saba dharma se milate haiN| dharma eka aisA kalpavRkSa hai, jisa para ye saba sukhada phala pakate haiN| isa bhrAnti ke kAraNa kAmanAmaya puNyopArjana hI pradhAna bana gayA, dharmapuruSArtha gauNa yahA~ dharma se matalaba adhyAtmadharma se nahIM, apitu zubhakarmapradhAna puNya se hai| isakA natIjA yaha huA ki AdamI saMvara- nirjarArUpa AdhyAtmika dharmasAdhanA ko chor3akara athavA ahiMsA-satyAdi dharmoM ko upekSA karake ekamAtra saste puNyopArjana meM laga gyaa| puNya kA upArjana pradhAna bana gayA aura dharma meM puruSArtha gauNa aura upekSita ho gyaa| 9. 'ghaTa-ghaTa dIpa jale se bhAvAMza grahaNa 2. (ka) "Urdhva bAhurviromyenaiva kazcit zRNoti me / dharmAdarthazca kAmazca dharmaH kiM na sevyate ? " -mahAbhArata (kha) prAjyaM rAjyaM subhagadayitA, nandanaM nndnaanaam| ramyaM rUpaM sarasakavitA-cAturI susvaratvam / nIrogatvaM guNaparicayaH sajjanatvaM subuddhiH / kinnu brUmaH phalapariNatiM dharma- kalpadrumasya // " For Personal & Private Use Only -zAntasudhArasa kAvya.

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436 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) nItimaya dharma-puruSArtha pratyakSa, puNya ke dvArA prAptavya : parokSa evaM sandehAspada yadyapi nItimaya puruSArtha se jo kucha prApta hotA hai, vaha pratyakSa hai, puNya ke dvArA jo kucha bhI prApta hotA hai, vaha sandehAspada evaM parokSa hai| Akhira puNyopArjana se karmoM kA Asava hI hotA hai| nirjarA yA karmakSaya nhiiN| phira lobha, svArtha, yazakIrti yA sAMsArika sukhabhoga kI AkAMkSA se prerita hokara kiyA jAne vAlA tathAkathita puNyakarma vAstavika puNyatattva se rahita bhI ho jAtA hai| athavA isI puNyavAda yA bhAgyavAda (puNya aura bhAgya) ke bharose baiThakara manuSya AlasI, akarmaNya evaM tAmasika bhI bana jAtA hai| dharma to saMtoSa, zAnti, tyAga, vairAgya, sahiSNutA, namratA, saralatA, nirabhimAnatA Adi sikhAtA hai| ve guNa isa tathAkathita puNya ke sahAre se dhana, sattA yA sAMsArika padArtha pAne vAle meM zAyada hI pAye jAte haiN| dharma evaM puNya se sukha ke sAdhana milate haiM, yaha bhrAnti hai karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se dharma, puNya yA satkarmoM se sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai, yaha tathya to sammata hai, kintu inase sukha ke sAdhana prApta hote haiM, yaha siddhAntasammata tathya nahIM hai| vartamAna satkarma se sukha ke aura duSkarmoM se duHkha ke sAdhana milate haiM, yaha tathya bhI karmavijJAna saMgata nahIM hai| AThoM hI karma phalApekSayA jIvavipAkI, pudgalavipAkI, bhavavipAkI, kSetra vipAkI aura kAlavipAkI ina pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhAjita haiN| jIvavipAkI karma ke kArya haiM-sukha, duHkha, ajJAna Adi bhaav| pudgalavipAkI karma kA phala hai-zarIra, vacana aura mana Adi kA tathArUpa milnaa| bhavavipAkI karma kA phala hai-naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya yA devabhava kI vividha avasthA prApta honaa| kSetravizeSa meM jo apanA kArya karate haiM, ve kSetravipAkI karma haiN| kAlavizeSa meM jo apanA kArya karate haiM, ve kAlavipAkI karma ke phala zubhAzubha karmaphalavipAka bhI kSetra, kAla, pudgala aura jIva ke Azrita karma-phala (vipAka) ke kucha niyama haiM, una niyamoM ke anusAra hI kRtakarma phala pradAna karatA hai| karma prakRtiyoM kA paripAka (phala-pradAna-yogya) hue binA vaha phala nahIM detaa| karmazAstra meM kSetravipAkI, kAlavipAkI, pudgalavipAkI aura jIvavipAkI karmaprakRtiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| koI vyakti ThaMDe mulka meM janma letA hai, use grISma Rtu suhAvanI aura sukhakara lagatI hai, isake viparIta tamilanADu jaise garma pradeza meM janma letA yA rahatA hai, use grISmaRtu kaSTakara aura arucikara pratIta hotI hai; to kyA yaha mAna liyA jA sakatA hai ki ThaMDe pradeza meM rahane vAle puNyavAn haiM aura garmapradeza meM rahane For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 437 vAle puNyahIna haiM? sardI, garmI, varSA, havA Adi prAkRtika parivartanoM ko kisI ke karma kA-yA sukha-duHkharUpa karmaphala kA kAraNa mAnanA karmavijJAna saMgata nahIM hai| garma pradeza meM rahane vAle kucha loga ThaMDe pradeza meM rahane vAle logoM se adhika sukhAnubhava bhI karate haiM, aura isake viparIta zIta pradeza meM rahane vAle kucha loga duHkhAnubhava bhI karate haiN| ' puNyakarma kA phala dhana Adi hai, tathA dhanAdi se vyakti sukhI ho jAtA hai : isa bhrAnti kA nirAkaraNa dhana, sAdhana Adi paudgalika padArtha puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa milate haiM, dhana Adi AdamI sukhI ho jAtA hai, yaha mAnanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / amarIkA Adi pAzcAtya dezoM meM logoM ke pAsa dhana aura sukhabhoga ke sAdhana pracura mAtrA meM haiM, phira bhI ve sukhI haiM, sukhAnubhava karate haiM, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| balki vahA~ ke samAjazAstriyoM ne jo AMkar3e prastuta kiye haiM, unase to patA lagatA hai ki amerikA Adi dezoM ke loga atyadhika tanAva, IrSyA, cintA, mAnasika vyAdhiyoM, asamAnatAoM Adi se grasta haiM; ve dhana aura sAdhanoM ke hote hue bhI sukhI nahIM haiN| hama dekhate haiM, jo jitanA adhika dhanavAn hai, vaha utanA hI adhika cintAgrasta, duHsAdhya rogoM kA zikAra aura anidrA roga se pIr3ita hai / bichaune para karabaTeM badalatebadalate unakI rAteM kaTatI haiN| manoraMjana ke sAdhanoM, svAdiSTa vyaMjanoM evaM sukha-suvidhA ke sAdhanoM kA upabhoga ve prAyaH kara nahIM paate| atyadhika vyastatA ke kAraNa unakI nIMda, * bhUkha, tandurustI, sphUrti Adi saba calI jAtI hai| jo loga zramajIvI haiM, nItipUrvaka zrama karake kamAte haiM, ve prAyaH unase adhika svastha, nizcinta aura sukhI rahate haiN| cora, DAkU, taskara vyApArI, bhraSTAcArI ke pAsa dhana to pracura mAtrA meM hotA hai, para ve rAta-dina cintAtura bhayagrasta evaM azAnta sthiti meM rahate haiN| phira hama kaise mAna leM ki unheM puNyakarma se dhana prApta huA hai ? coroM, DakaitoM, vezyAoM, sinemA ekTaroM-ekTresoM, taskara vyApAriyoM, kAlA bAjAriyoM, bhraSTAcArI adhikAriyoM Adi ke pAsa pracura dhana hotA hai, to kyA yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki unhoMne zubhakarma kiyA thA, isalie dhana milA ? ataH dhana Adi sAdhanoM kI pracuratA kA na to sukha ke sAtha sambandha hai, na hI ekAntataH dharma yA zubha karma ke saath| dhana Adi sAdhanoM kA puNya yA dharma ke sAtha sambandha hotA athavA puNyakarma ke hI ye phala haiM, aisI mAnyatA hotI to dharmadhurandhara, tIrthaMkara, RSi-muni, anagAra, dharmAcArya, saMnyAsI yA tyAgI cala-acala sampatti, rAjya, ghara-bAra, 9. ghaTa-ghaTa dIpa jale se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 39 For Personal & Private Use Only

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438 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) jamIna, jAyadAda Adi ko svayaM kyoM tyAgate yA dUsaroM ko tyAga karane kI bAta kyoM kahate?' uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI gAthAoM se bhI yaha spaSTa hai| gRhastha zrAvaka ke dharma aura puNya ke AcaraNa meM tyAga, tapa, maryAdA kA upadeza agara dharmAcaraNa athavA puNyakarma meM tapa, tyAga, svArthatyAga, icchAoM para aMkuza, bhogoM kI maryAdA Adi kI bAta na hotI to bhagavAn mahAvIra gRhastha zramaNopAsakoM ko parigraha parimANa kI, athavA icchA-parimANa kI, svadAra-santoSa vrata kI, anyAya anIti se dhanArjana na karane kI, vrata, niyama, tathA upabhogya-paribhogya vastuoM kA parimANa karane kI bAta kyoM kahate? pandraha prakAra ke karmAdAnoM (kharakarmavyavasAyoM) ko tIna karaNa tIna yoga se tyAgane kI bAta kyoM kahate? tathA mahArambha aura mahAparigraha se naraka gamana kI prarUpaNA kyoM karate? dhanAdi padArthoM ke hone se sukhI, na hone se duHkhI : yaha bhrAnti hai ataH dhana Adi sAdhanoM ko ekAntataH puNyakarma kA phala mAnanA bhrAnti hai| dhanAdi vastuoM ke hone se sukha kA aura na hone se duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai, yaha bhI bhrama hai| vastuoM ke na hone para bhI tattvajJAnI, samyagdRSTi, santoSI gRhastha, tathA parigraha-tyAgI nirgrantha sukhI ho sakate haiM, sukhAnubhava kara sakate haiM, aura dhana Adi pracura padArthoM ke hone para bhI manuSya sukhI nahIM ho sakatA, sukhAnubhava nahIM kara sktaa| balki dhana yA sAdhana athavA jitane bhI parapadArtha haiM, unakI icchA, lipsA, kAmanA, prApti Adi se vyAkulatA, parAdhInatA, parAzritatA, paramukhApekSatA, ahaMkAra, krodha, moha, Asakti yA mUrchA meM prAyaH vRddhi hI hotI hai| ataH 'parAdhIna sapanehu sukha nAhIM, yaha ukti akSarazaH ThIka hai| manusmRti ke anusAra bhI-jo bhI Atmavaza hai, AtmAdhIna hai, vahI sukha hai, jo paravazaparAdhIna hai, vaha duHkha hai| isake anusAra para-padArthAzrita sukha sukhAbhAsa hai, sukha nhiiN| 1. (ka) vahI; yatkiMcid bhAvagrahaNa, pR. 41 2. dekheM uttarAdhyayana a. 18 gA. 34, 38, 41 : (ka) eyaM puNNapayaM soccA atya-dhammovasohiyaM / bharahovi bhArahaM vAsaM ceccA kAmAI pvve||34|| (kha) caittA bhArahaM vAsaM cakkavaTTI mhiddddhio| saMtI saMtikare loe, patto gaimaNuttaraM // 38 // (ga) caittA bhArahaM vAsaM caittA bala-vAhaNaM / caittA uttame bhoe mahApaume tavaM care // 41 // 3. dekheM (ka) upAsakadazAMga sUtra, AvazyakasUtra Adi meM zrAvakavratoM kA vivecana (kha) vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie dekheM-zrAvaka-dharma-darzana (pravaktA-upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni jI mahArAja) 4. "sarvamAtmavazaM sukham, sarva paravazaM duHkhm|" -manusmRti For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhanAdi sAdhana svayaM na to sukhakara haiM, na hI duHkhakara vaise bhI dekhA jAe to dhana, sAdhana Adi jitane bhI padArtha haiM, ve apane Apa meM na to manojJa haiM aura na amanojJa, tathA na to ve prItikara haiM na hI aprItikara; isI prakAra na to sukhadAtA haiM, na duHkhadAtA / manuSya svayaM hI sthUladRSTi se dhanAdi sAdhanoM yA para-padArthoM para jaba priyatA - apriyatA kI chApa lagA detA hai, yA unake sAtha sukha-duHkha-prApti kI kalpanA ko jor3a detA hai, taba ve padArtha sukhakara- duHkhakara yA prIti- aprItijanaka ho jAte haiN| puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 439 vartamAna yuga meM dhana kamAne kI mUrcchA se dhanikoM ko sukha-zAnti kahA~ ? balki vartamAna yuga meM to kaI logoM ko to dhana kamAne kI, sukha sAmagrI bar3hAne kI eka dhuna - eka mUrcchA lagI huI hai| ve sukha ke lie dhana nahIM kamAte, kintu apane bar3appana kA, apanI zAna-zaukata kA pradarzana karane tathA apane ahaMkAra kI tuSTi - puSTi ke lie dhana kamAte haiN| ataH kisI bhI AtmabAhya para padArtha kA milanA sukha kA milanA nahIM hai| | sukha, saMtoSa, zAnti aura nizcintatA kI prApti hI dharmAcaraNa aura puNyakarma kA vAstavika phala hai, balki dhana aura sAMsArika padArthoM kA saMgraha karane, una para ekAdhikAra evaM mamatA jamAkara baiThane vAle jamAkhIra yA kRpaNa to adhika duzcintAoM meM jIte haiM, aneka Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhiyoM se ghire rahate haiM / unheM sukha-zAnti, nizcintatA, santoSa aura svAdhInatA kA Ananda kahA~ prApta hotA hai ? parigraha saMjJA moharUpa pApakarma ke udaya se hotI hai bhagavAna mahAvIra ne to parigraha kI saMjJA ko mohakarma kA udaya mAnA hai| azubha karma-pApakarma ke udaya se hI parigrahasaMjJA, parigraha ke prati Asakti, AkarSaNa yA mUrcchA utpanna hotI hai; puNyakarma ke udaya se nahIM / ataH isa bhrAnti ko nikAla denA cAhie ki dhana yA padArthoM kI prApti puNyakarma kA phala hai, athavA dhana yA padArthoM ke milane se sukha-zAnti aura na milane se duHkha aura azAnti prApta hotI hai| dharma-adharma ke yA zubha-azubha karma ke phala kA sambandha manuSya ke Antarika vyaktitva ko banAne-bigAr3ane se hai; athavA jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti; ina Atmika guNoM ko bar3hAne-rokane se hai, padArthoM kI prApti aprApti se nahIM / ' puNya ke viSaya meM jaina vidvAnoM aura lekhakoM kI bhrAnti isake viparIta katipaya kathA-lekhakoM, nItikAroM aura naiyAyika darzana ne yaha ghaTa-ghaTa dIpa jale se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 40, 42 1. For Personal & Private Use Only

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440 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kahanA zurU kiyA ki puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa sukhakara sAmagriyoM kI prApti hotI hai aura pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa duHkhakara sAmagrI kI / katipaya jaina vidvAnoM ne bhI isa bhrAnti kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| mokSamArga prakAza meM paM. ToDaramalajI likhate haiM-"vedanIya karma kari to zarIraviSai va zarIra tai bAhya nAnA prakAra sukha-duHkhani ke kAraNa para- dravyani kA saMyoga juTe hai| zarIra viSai Arogyapanau, rogIpanI, zaktivAnapanau, durbalapanau ara kSudhA tRSA roga kheda pIr3A ityAdi sukha duHkhani ke kAraNa hI haiN| bahuri bAhya viSai suhAvanA Rtu, pavanAdika vA iSTa strI-putrAdika vA mitra dhanAdika N "sukha-duHkha ke kAraNa hI haiN|" eka bhranti : bhAgya kI, vidhAtA kI lipi ko kauna miTA sakatA hai? nItikAra karma kI; vizeSataH zubhakarma kI prazaMsA meM likhate haiM- "bhAgya hI sarvatra phalita hotA hai, vidyA aura puruSArtha kucha kAma nahIM AtA / " ye bhAgyavAdI yahA~ taka kaha baiThate haiM-"vidhAtA ne jo kucha lalATa para likha diyA hai, use miTAne meM koI samartha nahIM hai / " "pApI jIva samudra meM praveza karane para bhI ratna nahIM pAtA aura puNyAtmA jIva taTa para baiThe hI unheM prApta kara letA hai|" " jisakA bhAgya anukUla hotA hai, use samudra ke usa pAra gaI huI vastu bhI hAtha meM A jAtI hai aura jisakA bhAgya pratikUla hotA hai, usake hAtha meM AI huI vastu bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| " paurANikoM aura kathAlekhakoM ne sarvatra isI prakAra kA citraNa kiyA hai| jIva svayaM hI bhAgyavidhAtA, svayaM hI apanA patanakartA isa prakAra ke bhAgyavAdI vyakti saba kucha bhAgya ( zubha-azubha karma ) ke bharose chor3akara akarmaNya banakara baiTha jAte haiN| bhAgya bhI to manuSya ke pUrvakRta karma haiM, unheM bhI badalA jA sakatA hai, satpuruSArtha ke dvaaraa| isIlie AgamoM meM sthAna-sthAna para kahA gayA 1. (ka) mahAbaMdha bhAga 2, prastAvanA - 'karmamImAMsA' se, pR. (kha) mokSamArgaprakAza (paM. ToDaramalajI) se pR. 35, 59 (ka) bhAgyaM phalati sarvatra, na ca vidyA, na ca pauruSam / (kha) likhitamapi lalATe projjhituM kaH samarthaH ? (ga) jalanidhi parataTagatamapi karatalamAyAti yasya bhavitavyasya / karatalagatamapi nazyati yasya bhavitavyatA nAsti // " (gha) nAbhAvyaM bhavatIha karmavazato, bhAvyasya nAzaH kutaH ? 2. 3. pUrvajanma kRtaM karma tad daivamiti kathyate / For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 441 hai-"zubhAzubha karma ko jIva svayaM hI badala sakatA hai, svayaM hI apanI AtmA kA utthAna aura patana kara sakatA hai|" zubha-azubha karma zarIrAdi kAryoM ke prati nimitta kAraNa, upAdAnakAraNa nahIM ___jaina karmavijJAna jIva kI vibhinna avasthAoM, zarIra, indriya, vacana, mana, zvAsocchvAsa Adi kAryoM ke prati zubha-azubha karma ko nimitta kAraNa mAnatA hai, kintu ina sabhI kAryoM ke prati vaha karma ko upAdAnakAraNa nahIM maantaa| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva jisa kArya ke anukUla athavA pratikUla hote haiM, ve usake nimitta kAraNa kahe jA sakate haiN| nimitta upakArI yA apakArI ho sakate haiM, kartA nahIM ho skte| kArya apane-apane upAdAna se hotA hai, kintu kAryaniSpatti ke samaya anya vastu kI anukUlatA nimittatA kA prayojaka hai| ghaTAdi kArya apane upAdAnoM se hote haiM, unakI utpatti meM buddhimAn nimitta dekhA jAtA hai| isalie naiyAyikoM ke mata ke samAna yAvatkAryoM ke prati karma ko nimitta kAraNa nahIM mAnA jaataa| anya zubha-azubha kArya apane-apane kAraNoM se hote haiM, karma unakA kAraNa nahIM hai| jaise ki-putra kI prApti, usakA mara jAnA, vyApAra meM ghATA-naphA, aksamAt makAna kA gira jAnA, phasala kA naSTa ho jAnA, Akasmika durghaTanA ho jAnA, Rtu kA anukUla yA pratikUla ho jAnA, duSkAla yA sukAla honA, vRSTi honA yA na honA, zarIra meM rogAdi kA honA, iSTa-aniSTa saMyoga tathA viyoga kI prApti, ye aura aise kAryoM ke prati zubhAzubha karma kAraNa nahIM hai| zubha (puNya) yA azubha (pApa) karma kA udaya hone para ye saba phaladAna meM sahAyaka nimitta bana sakate haiN|' vAstava meM iSTa-aniSTa-saMyoga yA iSTa-aniSTa-viyoga Adi jitane bhI kArya haiM, ve puNya yA pApa ke kArya (phala) nahIM hai, puNya-pApa ke udaya meM Ane (phalonmukha hone) para ye nimitta bana sakate hai| nimitta bananA aura bAta hai aura kArya honA any| zubha-azubha karmodaya ke nimitta ko karma kA kArya kahanA yukti-saMgata aura siddhAnta-sammata nahIM hai| bhogAdi ke sAdhana adhika hone se puNya adhika nahIM prazna hotA hai-eka vyakti sampanna ghara meM paidA hotA hai, dUsarA daridra ghara meM; eka svarga meM jAkara sukha pAtA hai, eka naraka meM anekAneka duHkha bhogatA hai, eka aizvaryazAlI 1. mahAbaMdho bhAga-2 prastAvanA (karmamImAMsA) se pU. 25-26 2. mahAbaMdho bhA. 2 prastAvanA (karmamImAMsA) se pR. 26 For Personal & Private Use Only

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442 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) hotA hai, aura dUsarA bhikhArI, ityAdi iSTasaMyoga yA iSTaviyoga puNya-pApa ke phala nahIM haiM, to ye saba kina kAraNoM se hote haiM ? iSTa-aniSTa saMyoga bhI puNya pApa kA phala nahIM isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki dhana Adi sAdhanoM ke hone na hone ko yA iSTa-aniSTa saMyoga-viyogoM ko puNya-pApa kA phala mAnA jAegA, taba jina sAdhanAzIla aparigrahI yA akiMcana sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke pAsa dhanAdi sAdhana nahIM haiM, athavA jina sAdhuoM ko iSTa yA aniSTa saMyoga athavA iSTAniSTa viyoga prApta haiM, phira bhI ve samabhAva meM lIna haiM, svAdhIna Atmika sukha aura tyAgajanya zAnti meM magna hai, unakA puNya yA sukha una sampannoM yA iSTasaMyoga-prApta vyaktiyoM se kaI guNA adhika kyoM batAyA gayA hai? ve to anukUla sAdhanAdi ke prApta hone kI icchA bhI prAyaH nahIM karate, na hI pratikUla saMyogoM kI prApti hone para duHkhAnubhava karate haiN| jabaki dhanAdi sampanna kaI vyakti yA iSTasaMyoga-prApta yA zubha-avasaraprApta katipaya vyakti prAyaH aharniza cintA, duHkha, roga, zoka, azAnti, tanAva Adi se ghire rahate haiM ? isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? vastutaH bAhya sAmagrI evaM saMyoga kI prApti aprApti kA kAraNa puNya-pApa na hokara jIva ke kaSAyabhAva yA rAgAdi pariNAma haiN| ye kaSAya yA rAgAdi bhAva hI haiM, jinake nimitta se vyakti bAhya parigraha padArtha ko mamatvapUrvaka grahaNa karatA hai, arjana karatA hai, saMcita karatA hai, phira usakA saMrakSaNa karatA hai tathA viyoga hone para duHkhita hotA hai, cintA-zoka karatA hai; vaha sukhAbhAsa ko sukha mAnatA hai, pratikUlatA hone para duHkha-vedana karatA hai, vaha puNya-pApajanya nahIM svakIya kaSAyajanya hai| parigrahAdi kI nyUnatA : adhika puNya karma kA kAraNa : adhika parigraha puNyakAraka kaise ? thor3I dera ke lie bAhya sAmagrI evaM paristhiti ko puNya-pApa kA phala mAna lene para saiddhAntika Apatti A jAegI / AgamoM meM tathA tattvArthasUtra meM Upara Upara ke devalokoM ke devoM ko gati, zarIra, parigraha aura abhimAna se hIna - nyUna mAnA hai| yadi devaloka meM prApta hone vAlI sAmagrI puNya kA phala hai, to Upara-Upara ke devalokoM meM uttarottara puNyarAzi adhika hone se unheM puNyasAmagrI yA bhogasAmagrI athavA sukhopabhoga ke saMyogoM kI prApti vipula mAtrA meM honI cAhie, magara aisA nahIM hotA / ataH bAhya sAmagrI, abhISTa saMyoga kA milanA na milanA puNya kA phala nahIM mAnA jAtA / ' 9. (ka) vahI, prastAvanA se, pR. 26 (kha) 'gati-zarIra-parigrahAbhimAnato hInA / ' - tattvArthasUtra a. 4, sU. 22 kA vivecana dekheM ! For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 443 jagata kI do prakAra kI vyavasthA : zAzvatikI aura prayatnasAdhya ise hameM Agamika prarUpaNA kI dRSTi se bhI samajhanA Avazyaka hai| Agama meM (jagat) kI vyavasthA (sthiti) do prakAra kI batalAI gaI hai - eka zAzvatika vyavasthA aura dUsarI prayatnasAdhya vyavasthA / devaloka, naraka aura bhogabhUmi meM zAzvatika ( niyata ) vyavasthA hotI hai| vahA~ anAdikAla pUrva jo vyavasthA pahale thI, vahI (vaisI hI ) vyavasthA Aja bhI hai| jisa devaloka meM jitane vimAna Adi haiM, yA jisa naraka meM jitane Antare, yA kSetragata sardI-garmI, AvAsa sthAna Adi niyata haiM, ve utane hI rahate haiM, raheMge / unake lie sukha yA duHkha ke vedana meM nimittabhUta sAmagrI anAyAsa hI milatI hai, aura jIvana ke antima kSaNa (AyuSya pUrNa hone) taka usakA saMyoga banA rahatA hai| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki jinake kaSAya upazAnta yA manda hote haiM, ve sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana anya rUpa karate haiM, tIvra kaSAya adhikAdhika saMvedana karate haiN| puNyAtizaya na to isa sAmagrI yA saMyoga meM vRddhi hI kara sakatA hai, aura na hI hInapuNya yA pApAtizaya usameM nyUnatA lA sakatA hai| devoM ke jisa prakAra sAtA kA udaya hotA hai, usI prakAra asAtA kA bhI udaya hotA hai| nArakoM ke asAtA kA udaya hotA hai, usI prakAra sAtA kA bhI udaya hotA hai / Agama kA yaha kathana tabhI yuktiyuktaM ho sakatA hai, jaba anukUla sAmagrI yA saMyoga milane - na milane para bhI sukha yA duHkha kA saMvedana nyUnAdhika na hotA ho, sabako eka sarIkhA sukhAnubhava yA duHkhAnubhava hotA ho / ' loka meM dUsarI vyavasthA prayatnasAdhya hai| yadi kevala pUrvakRta karma hI inakA kAraNa hotA to manuSya jAti kA jo Aja bhautika vikAsa huA hai, vaha kadApi na hotA / jisa yuga meM yahA~ bhogabhUmi thI, usa samaya yaugalika janatA prakRti se prApta sAdhanoM se apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karatI thI / usa samaya manuSya eka hI Dharre se, eka hI sthiti se jItA. thaa| lekina karmabhUmi AI / janasaMkhyAvRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha manuSyoM kI AvazyakatAe~ bddh'iiN| eka hI prakAra ke Dharre se manuSya jIvana nirvAha nahIM kara sakate the| . asi, masi, kRSi tathA vividha zilpa, udyoga evaM kalAoM kA AviSkAra huaa| yaha mAnava prayatnasAdhya vyavasthA thii| manuSya samAja meM uttarottara vaijJAnika AviSkAroM ke kAraNa dhanasampannatA bddh'ii| manuSya alaga-alaga sampradAyoM meM AjIvikA kI dRSTi se vibhakta huA / sabake pRthak-pRthak niyama bne| bhaugolika evaM sAMskRtika dRSTi se samAja kI vyavasthAe~ bniiN| 1. mahAbandho bhAga - 2 prastAvanA - karmamImAMsA (paM. phUlacandajI siddhAntazAstrI) se; pR. 26 For Personal & Private Use Only

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444 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) sikkoM ke pracalana se vastuoM kA vinimaya hone lgaa| catura aura cAlAka vyaktiyoM ne sAdhanoM para ekAdhikAra jamA liyA, dUsare pIche raha ge| ___kucha logoM ne anyAya, anIti, zoSaNa aura sattA ke bala para dhana baToranA zurU kiyaa| kucha loga corI, DakaitI, vyabhicAravRtti Adi ke jora se dhana sampanna bne| kucha nIti-nyAya se AjIvikA karake dhana sampanna bane, unhoMne dAna, paropakAra Adi satkAryoM meM apanI sampatti ko lagAyA, phalataH unako adhikAdhika sukhAnubhava huA evaM hotA hai| jina logoM ne anyAya, anIti Adi se, kukarmoM se dhanasampannatA bar3hAI, unakA dhana yA to yoM hI par3A raha gayA, yA phira vilAsitA meM kharca huA, yA corI, DakaitI, agnikANDa Adi dvArA vaha dhana calA gyaa| isa prakAra unakI dhanasampannatA adhikAdhika duHkhAnubhUti kA kAraNa bnii| ataH dhanAdi sAmagrI kI prApti-aprApti hI sukha-duHkha kA yA puNya-pApa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| tathaiva eka kA zrImAna honA, aura eka kA nirdhana rahanA bhI sukha-duHkha yA puNya-pApa kA kAraNa nahIM, yaha to sAmAjika vyavasthA evaM manuSyakRta satpuruSArtha, kupuruSArtha yA apuruSArtha para nirbhara hai| bAhya sAdhanoM kI upalabdhi bhI sAtA-asAtAvedanIya ke nimitta se nahIM hotI aura na hI lAbhAntarAya karma ke kSaya-kSayopazama ke nimitta se hotI hai| loka meM bAhya sAdhanoM kI prApti ke aneka mArga dRSTigocara hote haiN| sAdhanoM kI prApti-aprApti puNya-pApa yA sukha-duHkharUpa phala nahIM, kintu unameM manuSya kA prayatna, paristhiti, kSetra, kAla Adi kAraNa hai| vastutaH puNya-pApa to ina bAhya vyavasthAoM (rASTragata evaM samAjagata vyavasthAoM) se pare haiM, vaha to AdhyAtmika hai, Atmika sukha-duHkha saMvedana mUlaka haiN| jaina karmavijJAna meM karmasiddhAnta kI prANapratiSThA mukhyatayA AdhyAtmika AdhAroM para kI gaI hai| vaha (dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhava Adi) nimitta ko svIkAra karake bhI kArya ke AdhyAtmika vizleSaNa para jora detA hai| usake matAnusAra jisa kAla meM vastu kI jaisI yogyatA hotI hai, usI ke anusAra kArya hotA hai| jaise-jaise dravya, kSetrAdi jisa-jisa kArya ke lie anukUla yA pratikUla hote haiM, tadanusAra ve usake nimitta banate haiN| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki anukUla sAmagrI milane para bhI manuSya apane kaSAyAnusAra pratikUla (duHkha kA) vedana kare yA pratikUla sAmagrI milane para bhI vaha anukUla (sukha kA) vedana kre| 1. vahI, prastAvanA-karmamImAMsA se, pR. 27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 445 ataH puNya aura pApa kI tathA unake phaloM kI vyAkhyA AgamoM aura AdhyAtmika granthoM meM AdhyAtmika evaM lokottara dRSTi se kI gaI hai| puNyakarma kA upadeza kyA isalie diyA gayA hai ki manuSya isa jIvana meM use heya samajhakara bAhya aura antaraMga parigraha kA tathA bhogopabhoga ke sAdhanoM kA AMzika yA sarvathA tyAga kare, aura agale janma meM usake phalasvarUpa unheM vaha pracura mAtrA meM prApta kare aura anantasaMsAra kA pAtra bne| puNya karma kI isase bar3hakara viDambanA aura kyA ho sakatI hai? apitu puNya-prabhAva se jina para-padArthoM ko heya jAnakara tathA bhedavijJAna jagAkara unake prati mamatva, vAsanA yA kAmanA kA tyAga karatA hai, karmakSaya karake yA azubha rAgAdi yA kaSAyAdi bhAvoM kA tyAga karake kramazaH AdhyAtmika utkarSa prApta karatA hai| phalataH vaha yA to karmabandhana ke kAraNoM kA AMzika yA sarvathA tyAga karatA hai; yA phira samagrarUpa se bhava bandhana ko kATane meM samartha hotA hai| yaha puNyakarma kI lokottara vyavasthA hai|' puNyakarma kA phala bhautika lAbha hI hai yA Atmika lAbha bhI? kucha ekAnta nizcayanayavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki jaise pApa karma se bhautika hAni prApta hotI hai, vaise hI puNyakarma se kevala bhautika lAbha hI hotA hai, usase Atmika lAbha to kucha nahIM hotA, isalie puNyakarma ko to sarvathA tyAjya samajhanA cAhie, puNyakarma nahIM karanA caahie| isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki vAstava meM zubhagati, paMcendriya jAti, manuSya janma, AryakSetra, uttamakula, sarvAMgapUrNatA, dIrghAyuSkatA, dharmazravaNa, dharma prApti Adi saba bhautika lAbha zubhanAmakarma, sAtAvedanIya, uccagotra aura zubha AyuSya karma Adi puNya karma se prApta hote haiM; kintu dharma aura adhyAtma kI sAdhanA, saMvara-nirjarArUpa dharma kI yA dazavidha uttama kSamAdi dharma kI sAdhanA karane ke lie bhI manuSya janma Adi kI anivArya AvazyakatA hotI hai| manuSya bhava ke binA samyagdarzanAdi ratnatrayarUpa dharma kI, sarva-karmakSaya kI, mokSa kI sAdhanA ho hI nahIM sktii| isIlie vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana aura samacaturamna saMsthAna kI AvazyakatA zIghra mokSagamana ke lie batAI hai| pApodaya se prApta ekendriya yA vikalendriya Adi dazAoM meM to jIva dharma kA AcaraNa karanA to dUra, dharma kA svarUpa hI nahIM samajha sktaa| puNyakarma ke udaya se uttama sAdhana milane para hI ralatrayarUpa dharma, adhyAtma evaM karmakSaya kI sAdhanA meM gati-pragati ho sakatI hai| .. mAtA marudevI, saMyatI rAjarSi, pradezI rAjA, harikezabala, bhRguputra Adi ko pUrvakRta puNya ke phalasvarUpa hI dharmazravaNa, dharmAcaraNa, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM 1. vahI, prastAvanA-karmamImAMsA se, pR. 27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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446 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) samyakcAritra ke pAlana karane ke, athavA mohakSaya karane ke uttama avasara evaM nimitta mile aura ve dharmaniSTha bane, kaI mokSagAmI bane / upazamabhAva ke sAtha puNyodaya kI anukUlatA rahane para hI anAdi midhyAdRSTi ko prathama bAra samyaktva kI prApti hotI hai| ataH puNyakarma ke sAtha laukika bhautika kAmanA evaM vAsanA kA viSa na ho to usase Atmika lAbha avazya milatA hai, AtmotthAna kI dizA meM gati - pragati karane kI bhAvanA, dhAraNA evaM zakti bhI prabala hotI jAtI hai| puNyAnubandhI puNya to niyamataH Atmika lAbhapUrvaka hI hotA hai| ataH niHsvArtha, niSkAma, sevAbhAva, dayA, dAna Adi puNyakarma Atmika guNoM ke, AtmazaktiyoM ke vikAsa meM sahAyaka banate hI haiM, isameM sandeha ko koI avakAza nahIM hai / ' puNya-pApa karma kA phala paraloka meM hI nahIM, isa loka meM bhI milatA hai kaI logoM kI aisI dhAraNA bana gaI hai - puNyakarma evaM pApakarma jo yahA~ kiye jAte haiM, unakA sukha-duHkharUpa phala isa loka meM nahIM milatA, inakA phala to paraloka meM hI milatA hai| kintu yaha dhAraNA bhI nirAdhAra hai| puNyakarma aura pApakarma kA phala yahA~ bhI milatA hai, aura AgAmI janma evaM janmoM meM bhI milatA hai| karmavijJAna ke anusAra eka bAra Acarita pApakarma kA phala kama se kama dasa guNA ho jAtA hai| yadi use tIvra rasa ke sAtha Acarita kiyA gayA ho to usakA vipAka karor3a guNA ho jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke tIvra udaya se antarmuhUrttabhara meM aisA kaThina karma kA bandha ho jAtA hai, jisakA phala jIva ko anekAneka janmoM taka bhoganA par3atA hai| gajasukumAla muni ne 99 lAkha janmoM (bhavoM) pahale apanI sauta ke putra ke sira para ubalatA huA garma pAnI DAlA thA, jisakA phala unheM isa (gajasukumAla ke) bhava meM somala brAhmaNa dvArA unake luMcita mastaka para miTTI kI pAla bAMdhakara dhadhakate aMgAre DAlakara mAra DAlane ke rUpa meM milA / yadyapi unhoMne to isa upasarga ko samabhAva se ekamAtra AtmalIna hokara sahana karake apanA sarvakarmamukti kA kArya siddha kiyA / " Ama janatA meM eka bhrAnti aura phailI huI hai ki vartamAna meM jo loga khuleAma beImAnI, anyAya, atyAcAra, hiMsA Adi pApakarmoM kA AcaraNa kara rahe haiM, ve unake phalasvarUpa nirdhana, vipanna Adi hone ke badale dhana-sampatti, jamIna jAyadAda; tathA 1. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'puNya-pApa kI avadhAraNA' lekha se, pR. 161 isake vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke liye dekhiye- 'karmaphala: yahA~ yA vahA~, abhI yA bAda meM ?' zIrSaka nibandha 2. 3. jinavANI, karmasiddhAnta - vizeSAMka meM prakAzita "karmavipAka' lekha se, pR. 120 4. dekheM - antakRddazAMgasUtra meM gajasukumAlamuni kI dIkSA aura mokSa kA prakaraNa / For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApakarma kA phala : eka anucintana 447 anyAnya sukha-sAdhanoM ke adhikArI banate tathA phalate phUlate jA rahe haiM, isake viparIta jo vyakti ImAnadArI, nyAyanIti, dharmAcaraNa evaM dharmadhyAna meM pravRtta haiM, unake pAsa sAdhana sAmagrI kI atyanta kamI hai| ve nirdhanatA aura abhAva meM jiMdagI jI rahe haiN| aisA, viparIta pariNAma dekhakara kaI loga kaha dete haiM-puNya-pApa kA phala sukhaduHkha mAnanA mahaja bhrama hai| puNya-pApa ko mAna kara inake pIche lage rahane yA inake anusAra pravRttanivRtta hone se vyartha hI parezAnI uThAnI par3atI hai| saMsAra meM prAyaH pratyakSataH yaha dekhakara loga kahane lagate haiM-"yaha saba mana ko tasallI dene aura samajhAne kA DhaMga pApakarmI sabhI sukhI aura puNyakarmI sabhI duHkhI nahIM dikhAI dete isa bhrAnti ko pratyakSavAdI, nAstika aura aparAdhIvRtti ke loga hI prAyaH phailAyA karate haiN| puNyakarma yA pApakarma ke phala kA sambandha kevala isI janma se nahIM hai, isalie yaha samajhanA ThIka nahIM hogA ki pApakarma yA anaitika karma karate hue bhI jo loga sukhI aura sampanna dikhAI dete haiM, vaha unake isI janma ke kiye hue karmoM kA phala nahIM hai| unakI sampannatA aura sukhazIlatA kA sambandha pUrvakRta karmoM kA pratiphala hai|' aisA bhI ekAntataH nahIM pratIta hotA ki pApakarma yA apakarma karane vAle sabhI loga sukhI aura nizcinta hoN| kaI aise bhI dhanADhya evaM sAdhana-sampanna haiM, jo apane kRta pApa karmoM kA phala isI janma meM aneka roga, cintA, udvignatA aura tanAva Adi ke rUpa meM bhoga rahe haiN| jo isa janma meM apane dvArA kRta pApakarmoM kA phala nahIM bhoga rahe haiM, unake ve pApakarma kAlAntara meM yA agale janma athavA janmoM meM phalIbhUta hote hI haiN| jo dharmaniSTha, nItimAn, sadAcArI evaM puNyakarma karane vAle vyakti isa samaya vipanna aura duHkhI dikhAI dete haiM, yA duHkhAnubhava karate haiM; sambhava hai, yaha unake pUrvakRta kisI pApakarma kA phala ho; kintu jo samyagdRSTi hote haiM, ve dhana kI athavA sAdhanoM kI alpatA yA bAhya dRSTi se pratIta hone vAlI vipannatA se asantuSTa, udvigna evaM duHkhI prAyaH nahIM hote| agara ve aisI duSparisthiti meM udvigna evaM duHkhAnubhUta hote haiM to samajhanA cAhie, yaha unake pUrvakRta pApakarma kA phala hai, tathA ve duHkha aura ArtadhyAna se pIr3Anubhava karake aura naye karma bAMdha rahe haiN| phira aisA bhI ekAntataH dRSTigocara nahIM hotA ki sabhI dharmaparAyaNa, nItimAna evaM samyagdRSTi vyakti duHkhI aura vipanna hoN| aura na hI sabhI pApakarmI sukhI evaM sampanna dikhAI dete haiN| 1.. isa viSaya meM vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie karmavijJAna prathama bhAga meM prakAzita 'karma-astitva ke prati anAsthA anucita' lekha, pR. 199-200 dekheM 2. kevala apane hI liye na jIe~ (zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 109 For Personal & Private Use Only

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448 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kaI vyakti dIna-hIna aura daridra bhI dikhAI dete haiN| ata: isa vibhinnatA, vicitratA evaM viSamatA kA kAraNa apane-apane pUrvakRta karmoM kA hI prabhAva samajhanA caahie| phira bhale hI ve pUrvakRta karma isI janma ke hoM; yA pUrvajanmakRta hoN| isa tAttvika carcA ko eka ora rakhakara yadi ThaMDe dila se soceM to anubhava hogA ki pApakarma Akhira pApakarma hI hai| usameM mana-vacana-kAyA se pravRtta hone kA vicAra uThate hI AtmA meM becainI evaM udvignatA utpanna hone lagatI hai| usakI antarAtmA hI use isa pApakarma ke lie kacoTatI hai, bAra-bAra dhikkAratI bhI hai| pApakarma kA mana meM saMkalpa uThate hI isa prakAra kA antardvandva bahuta hI kaSTakara, saMklezakara evaM duHkhakaraM hotA hai| usake pazcAt samAja meM nindita, sarakAra se daNDita, evaM pakar3e jAne para durdazAgrasta, cintAgrasta Adi hone kA daNDa bhI kama bhayaMkara nahIM hai / ' samyagdRSTi evaM vicAravAn vyakti ko pUrvakRta puNyakarma ke phala bhogane ke samaya na to harSita honA cAhie aura na hI ahaMkAragrasta / tathA pApakarma kA phala bhogate samaya bhI na to mana meM dInatA-hInatA lAnI cAhie aura na hI ArtadhyAna - raudradhyAna yA vilApa karanA caahie| donoM hI sthitiyoM meM samabhAva meM rahanA cAhie, mana meM viSamabhAva nahIM Ane denA caahie| tabhI vaha pApakarma apanA phala bhugatAkara kSINa ho sakatA hai| tAttvika dRSTi se soceM to puNya-pApa donoM hI pudgala kI paryAyeM haiM- dazAe~ haiN| donoM hI asthAyI haiM, parivartanazIla haiN| anta meM to donoM ko AtmA se pRthak karanA hai| kisI vicAraka ne kahA hai puNya-pApa-phala mAMhi, harakha-vilakho mata bhAI / yaha pudgala parajAya, upaji binasai phira thAI // 2 ataH pUrvakRta pApakarma kA phala ho, cAhe puNyakarma kA, donoM hI sthitiyoM meM samabhAvapUrvaka phala bhoganA hI hitAvaha hai| 1. kevala apane lie hI na jIe~ (le. zrIrAma zarmA AcArya) se bhAvAMza grahaNa, pR. 109 jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'puNya-pApa kI avadhAraNA' lekha se, pR. 159 2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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10 puNya-pApa ke phalaH hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM puNya-pApa ke khela meM eka kI jIta aura eka kI hAra : kyoM aura kaise? sAMsArika (karmabaddha) prANiyoM kA jIvana tAza ke pattoM ke khela kI taraha hai| tAza ke acche-bure pattoM kI taraha pUrvakRta karmoM ke udaya se unheM jIvana ke vibhinna kSetra milate haiM, ve acche bhI milate haiM aura bure bhii| jo kuzala khilAr3I hotA hai, usake pAsa bahuta bure patte Aye hoM, taba bhI vaha khela meM jIta jAtA hai| isI prakAra puNya-pApa karmoM kA jo kuzala khilAr3I hotA hai, vaha pUrvakRta pApakarmavaza bure saMyoga, bure dravya-kSetra -kAla- bhAva aura paristhiti ke rUpa meM duSkarmaphala milane para bhI apane satpuruSArtha se, apane kauzala se unheM puNyakarmoM meM saMkramita (parivartita ) karake athavA ratnatrayarUpa dharma evaM tapazcaraNa zuddha puruSArtha karake una karmoM ko kSaya kara DAlatA hai| isake viparIta jaise- akuzala khilAr3I ke pAsa tAza ke acche patte Ane para bhI vaha usa khela meM bAjI jIta nahIM paataa| isI prakAra puNya-pApa ke khela ke akuzala khilAr3I ke pAsa pUrvapuNyakarmavaza acche saMyoga tathA acche dravya, kSetra, kAla (avasara), bhAva aura paristhiti ke yoga milane para bhI vaha khela ko bigAr3akara dharma, puNya aura unake phala arjita karane kI bAjI hAra jAtA hai, vaha anta taka bAjI hAratA hI jAtA hai / " harikezabalamuni ne pApamayI sthiti para vijaya prApta karake puNyamayI aura mokSasukhamayI banA lI harikezabalamuni ko pUrvakRta pApakarmavaza bure saMyoga, kharAba paristhiti, tathA bure dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva mile the; kintu jaba se vaha saMbhale, eka kuzala karma-khilAr3I banakara apane tapa, saMyama aura tyAga ke puruSArtha se adhikAMza karmoM kA kSaya kara ddaalaa| saMcita azubhakarmoM ko zubhakarmoM (puNya) meM parivartita kara ddaalaa| isa prakAra unhoMne 1. dekheM-- DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan likhita - ' jIvana kI AdhyAtmika dRSTi, pR. 292 For Personal & Private Use Only

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450 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) puNya-pApa ke khela meM vijaya prApta kI aura anta meM puNya aura pApa donoM karmoM se sarvathA mukta, siddha, buddha aura parinivRtta hue|' brahmadatta cakravartI puNya-pApa ke khela meM hAratA hI gayA dUsarI ora brahmadatta cakravartI ne saMbhUti muni ke bhava meM tapa-saMyama ke phala kA nidAna (kAmabhogoM kI prApti kA saMkalpa) kiyA thA, usa pUrvakRtapuNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa use cakravartI pada prApta huA, sabhI prakAra kI kAmabhogoM kI sAmagrI milii| arthAt pUrvakRta puNya karmavaza use acche saMyoga, acchI paristhiti, manuSya-janmAdi durlabha sAdhana, tathA acche dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva mile the; kintu vaha saMbhalane ke bajAya kAmabhogoM meM adhikAdhika gRddha Asakta aura mohamUr3ha ho gayA, bodhi prApta nahIM kara skaa| usake pAMca janma ke sAthI cittamuni ke jIva nirgrantha sAdhu ne use isa chaThe janma meM donoM sAthiyoM ke bichur3ane kA kAraNa, bhogoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA, nIti dharma ke AcaraNa se sukha-zAnti ke sundara-sundara tathya smjhaae| anta meM, (puNya) Aryakarma karane kA anurodha kiyA, parantu itanA samajhAne ke bAbajUda bhI brahmadatta Tasa se masa nahIM huaa| puNya-pApa ke khela meM akuzala khilAr3I kI taraha bAjI hAratA hI gyaa| isa prakAra use acche saMyoga Adi milane para bhI akuzala khilAr3I hone ke kAraNa vaha puNya-pApa ke khela meM parAjita ho gayA aura prApta puNya-saMyoga ko bhI usane pApakarma meM pariNata kara DAlA aura anta meM vaha naraka kA hI mehamAna bnaa|' saMgama ne pApamayI sthiti se saMbhalakara puNyarAzibandha kiyA saMgama nAmaka gopAlaputra pUrvakRta azubha karma ke udayavaza pitA kI chatrachAyA se vaMcita rahA aura vipannatA, daridratA prApta kii| use ekamAtra mAtA kA sahArA thaa| dInatAhInatA evaM daridratA meM pale hue bAlaka saMgama ko ekamAtra mAtA ke dvArA hI saMskAra mile the| use pApakarmavaza koI bhI zubha saMyoga, sampannatA, suparisthiti tathA zubha dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva bhI prApta nahIM the| kintu usane isa paristhiti meM bhI eka mAsikaupavAsavratI tapasvI muni ko utkaTa bhAvoM se apane khAne ke liye rakhI huI sArI khIra baharA dii| khIra kA dAna itanA mahattvapUrNa nahIM thA; kintu usake pIche dAna dene kI utkaTa bhAvanA thI, vidhi, dravya, dAtA aura pAtra bhI zuddha the| isake kAraNa utkRSTa puNya bandha huA, jisake phalasvarUpa saMgama kA jIva marakara parama dhanAdi se sampanna rAjagRhanivAsI gobhadraseTha kA putra bnaa| zAlibhadra ke rUpa meM Rddhi-samRddhi se sampanna mAnava bnaa| 1. dekheM, uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA 12vA~ harikezIya adhyyn| 2. dekheM-uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA 13vA~ citta-saMbhUtIya adhyayana / For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 451 yaha thA azubha saMyoga aura paristhiti ke prApta hone para bhI yAnI pApodaya yukta saMyoga meM se pApapUrNa paristhiti meM se utkRSTa puNya upArjana karane kI kushltaa| yahI nahIM, zAlibhadra ke jIvana meM Rddhi-samRddhi evaM sukha sampannatA meM koI kamI nahIM thI, kAmabhoga ke eka se eka bar3hakara sAdhana prApta the, phira bhI unhoMne isa paristhiti meM svayaM ko phaMsAe rakhanA, tathA dhanAsakti, viSayabhogAsakti meM grasta rahanA ucita nahIM smjhaa| pUrvopArjita puNya sampadA ke moha kA tyAga karake ve tyAgI, tapasvI, akiMcana anagAra bane aura utkRSTa puNya sampadA ke adhikArI bane, sarvocca deva-lokagAmI hue| yaha bhI puNyAnubandhI puNya kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai| saMgama ke bhava meM pApapUrNa paristhiti meM rahate hue usane utkRSTa puNyabandha karake apanA bhaviSya ujjvala banA liyaa| ise zAstrIya bhASA meM puNyAnubandhI pApa kaha sakate haiN| pApodayavaza vipanna paristhiti thI, lekina eka kuzala khilAr3I kI bhAMti usane puNya upArjana karake use puNyAnubandhI banA diyA; arthAt bhaviSya meM puNyaphala kI prApti ho, isa prakAra kI sthiti banA dii|' karma ke zubha-azubha phala kI dRSTi se prarUpita caturbhagI sthAnAMga sUtra meM karma ke zubha-azubha phala kI dRSTi se eka cIbhaMgI prarUpita kI gaI hai-usakA artha isa prakAra hai-(1) zubha aura shubh| arthAt-koI puNyakarma zubha prakRtiyukta hotA hai, aura zubhAnubandhI bhI hotA hai| (2) zubha aura ashubh| arthAt-koI puNyakarma zubha-prakRtidAtA hotA hai, kintu hotA hai-ashubhaanubndhii| (3) azubha aura shubh| arthAt-koI pApakarma azubha prakRti vAlA hotA hai, kintu hotA hai-shubhaanubndhii| (4) azubha aura ashubh| arthAt-koI pApakarma azubha prakRtivAlA hotA hai, aura azubhAnubandhI bhI hotA hai| ___ Azaya yaha hai ki karmaprakRti ke mUla bheda 8 haiN| unameM se jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya ye cAra ghAtikarma haiM, jo azubha yA pAparUpa hI haiN| zeSa cAra aghAti karma prakRtiyoM ke do vibhAga haiN| unameM se sAtAvedanIya, uccagotra, zubha Ayu tathA paMcendriya jAti, zubhagati, uttama saMsthAna, sthira, subhaga, yazakIrti Adi nAmakarma kI 68 prakRtiyA~ puNyarUpa (zubha) haiM, aura zeSa pAparUpa (azubha) kahI gaI haiN| yahA~ puNya ko zubha aura pApa ko azubha kahA gayA hai| 1. dekheM-zAlibhadracarita (jainAcArya pUjya zrI javAharalAla jI mahArAja) For Personal & Private Use Only

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452 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isI dRSTi se vartamAna meM pracalita bhASA meM yaha caubhaMgI isa prakAra haiM- ( 9 ) puNyAnubandhI puNya, (2) puNyAnubandhI pApa, (3) pApAnubandhI puNya aura (4) pApAnubandhI pApa' / puNya-pApa ke khela meM hAra-jIta ke rUpa meM phala kA spaSTIkaraNa ina cAroM kA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai (1) puNyAnubandhI puNya - koI puNyakarma, jo vartamAna meM bhI uttama phala detA hai| aura bhaviSya meM bhI zubhAnubandhI hone se puNyaphalasvarUpa sukha dene vAlA hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to- puNyakarmaphala kI aisI sthiti jisameM vartamAna meM puNya ke udaya ke phalasvarUpa sabhI prakAra se sukha-sampannatA ho, sAtha hI pravRtti bhI uttama ho, jisase puNya kA upArjana bhI hotA rahe, tAki vaha samujjvala bhaviSya kA kAraNa bne| aisI puNyadazA vAle jIva vartamAna meM bhI sukha-sampannatA se yukta rahate haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI sukha sampannatA se yukta hote haiN| AcArya haribhadrasUri ke anusAra yaha vartamAna aura bhaviSya kI puNya sampanna dazA jIva ko zubha se zubhatara kI ora le jAtI hai| aisI ubhaya puNyasampannatA samyagdarzana-jJAnasahita aura nidAna rahita zuddha dharma kA AcaraNa karane se prApta hotI hai| arthAtzuddharIti-nIti se niraticArapUrvaka zrAvaka dharma yA sAdhudharma kA pAlana- AcaraNa karane se yaha puNyAnubandhI puNya arjita hotA hai| isakA sarvottama phala mahAnatama tIrthaMkaratva prApti hai| usase kiMcit nimnakoTi kA phala mokSagAmI cakravartI ke rUpa meM prApta hotA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri aSTaka prakaraNa meM likhate haiM- jisake prabhAva se zAzvata sukha aura aSTakarmoM se muktirUpa samasta sampadA kI prApti ho, aise puNyAnubandhI puNya kA manuSyoM ko sabhI prakAra se upArjana sevana karanA caahie| arthAt-jaise bhI ho sAdhudharma evaM zrAvaka dharma kA AcaraNa karanA caahie|' isa sambandha meM hama bharata cakravartI Adi ko udAharaNarUpa meM prastuta kara sakate (2) pApAnubandhI puNya- jo puNyakarma vartamAna meM to pUrvapuNya ke phalasvarUpa sukharUpa phala prApta hotA hai (detA) hai, kintu pApAnubandhI hone se bhaviSya meM duHkharUpa phala dene vAlA hotA hai / jaise, pUrvapRSThoM meM aMkita brahmadatta cakravartI Adi kA puNya pApAnubandhI puNya huaa| 1. "cauvvihe kamme paNNatte, taM jahA - subhe NAmamege subhe, subhe NAmamege asubhe, asubhe NAmamege subhe, asu NAmamege asubhe / " -sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna 4, u. 4. sU. 602 vivecana ( Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara ) pR. 430 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 453 jo vyakti pUrvakRta puNya kA sukharUpa phala prApta karate haiM, kintu vartamAna meM ve pApakarmarata rahakara bhaviSya ke lie duHkha ke bIja bote haiN| arthAt usa puNya ke khela meM hArakara pApakarma meM rata rahate haiN| aise vyakti vartamAna meM pApakarma karate hue bhI pUrvakRta puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa sukhI evaM samRddha dikhAI dete haiM, jisase sthUlabuddhi vAle jainakarmavijJAna ke rahasya se anabhijJa vyakti ko zaMkA hotI hai ki pApakarma karate hue bhI ye sukhI haiM, phira puNyakarma yA dharma kA upArjana yA AcaraNa karane se kyA lAbha? magara ve yaha nahIM jAnate ki pApAcArI vyakti kI vartamAna meM sukha-sampannatA Adi usake pUrvakRta puNya kA phala hai| aise prANiyoM kA jaba puNya phala samApta ho jAtA hai, taba unakI durgati nizcita hai| vartamAna yuga meM hiTalara, musolinI, nAdirazAha, auraMgajeba Adi isa bhaMga (pApAnubandhI puNya) ke jvalanta udAharaNa haiN| . isakI paribhASA isa prakAra hai-jo puNya vartamAna meM sukharUpa phala dekara bhI vyakti kI pApamayI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika duSpravRtti ke kAraNa bhaviSya ko andhakAramaya banAtA hai, durgati meM le jAtA hai, tathA use patanonmukha kara detA hai, use pApAnubandhI puNya samajhanA caahie| yaha pApabIjamaya puNya hai|' pAparUpa phala ko kuzala-akuzala karma khilAr3I dvArA puNya-pApaphala meM pariNata (3) puNyAnubandhI pApa-aisA pUrvakRta pApakarma jisase vartamAna meM to duHkharUpa phala prApta hotA hai; kintu zubhabhAvoM tathA zubhapravRttiyoM meM pravRtta hokara bhaviSya ke sukha ke bIja botA hai, use puNyAnubandhI pApa kahate haiN| pUrvabhava meM kiye hue pApakarmoM-azubhakarmoM kA duHkharUpa phala pAte hue bhI vartamAna meM saMbhalakara zubha pravRtti karatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa bhaviSya meM sukharUpa phala prApta kara letA hai, use puNyAnubandhI yA sukhAnubandhI pApa samajhanA caahie| __isa vikalpa meM caNDakauzika sarpa kA udAharaNa hama agale pRSThoM meM prastuta kareMge; jisane pApakarmodaya ke phalasvarUpa sarpayoni prApta karake bhI apanI hAratI huI bAjI ko sudhAra lii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dvArA bodha pAkara usane zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtta hokara puNyAnubandha-zubha-karmabandha kara liyA, jisase vaha pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa naraka duHkha kA adhikArI na hokara puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa svargasukha kA adhikArI bnaa| 1. (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra sthA. 4, u. 4, sU. 602 kA vivecana ( Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 430 (kha) jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'puNya-pApa kI avadhAraNA' lekha se pR. 158 For Personal & Private Use Only

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454 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isa bhaMga kA lakSaNa hai-pApamayI paristhiti meM rahakara bhI puNyopArjana kara lenA aura apane bhaviSya ko ujjvala banA lenaa| isa bhaMga meM hama nandana-maNiyAra ke jIva meMDhaka kA udAharaNa bhI prastuta kara sakate haiN| jisane tiryaMcabhava kI pApamayI daHkhada sthiti meM bhI zubha bhAvoM se zrAvakadharma kI ArAdhanA karake devagati prApta kara lii| bhaviSya meM vaha sarvakarmamukta hokara mokSa prApta kregaa| isa vikalpa meM hama kuSTa rogagrasta zrIpAla kA udAharaNa bhI samajha sakate haiM, jise hama agale pRSThoM meM aMkita kara rahe haiN|' Aja saMsAra meM eka durAtmA, krUra evaM hiMsaka vyakti sukhI dIkha par3atA hai aura dUsarA sajjana, dharmAtmA, dayAlu evaM ahiMsAparAyaNa vyakti puruSa duHkhita, nirdhana evaM abhAvapIr3ita dekhA jAtA hai; isa para se sthUladRSTi vAle loga karmavijJAna ke prati anAsthA prakaTa karane lagate haiM; parantu jaina saMskRti ke marmajJa manISI AcAryoM ne isa gutthI ko bar3e sundara DhaMga se sulajhAyA hai| unakA kathana hai-hiMsAparAyaNa vyakti kI samRddhi aura bhagavAn kI pUjA-bhakti karane vAle bhakta sAdhaka kI daridratA kramazaH pApAnubandhI puNya aura puNyAnubandhI pApakarma ke kAraNa hai| ina donoM koTi ke vyaktiyoM kI kramazaH hiMsA aura pUjAbhakti niSphala nahIM ho sktii| isa janma meM nahIM to agale janma yA janmoM meM usakA phala kramaza: pApa aura puNya ke rUpa meM avazya hI milegaa| ataH karma aura karmaphala meM kArya-kAraNa kA vyabhicAra nahIM ho sktaa| mUla bAta yaha hai ki jo vyakti pUrvajanmakRta puNya ke phalasvarUpa vartamAna meM sukha-sampannatA prApta kiye hue hai, vaha isa puNya-pApa ke khela meM bAjI jItane ke bajAya hAratA jA rahA hai, apanA bhaviSya andhakAramaya banA rahA hai| isake viparIta jisa vyakti ko vartamAna meM sukhasampannatA prApta nahIM hai, jo pUrvajanma meM puNya-pApa ke khela meM bAjI hAra gayA thA, kintu vartamAna meM kuzala khilAr3I banakara dhairya, sahiSNutA aura samabhAva se jIvana-yApana kara rahA hai| phalataH bAjI jItatA jA rahA hai| niSkAma pUNya kA upArjana kara rahA hai, vaha gudar3I kA lAla puNyAnubandhI pApa kA adhikArI hai| apane bhaviSya ko vaha ujjvala-samujjvala banAtA jA rahA hai| 1. (ka) jinavANI karma siddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'puNya-pApa kI avadhAraNA' lekha se (kha) dekheM, jJAtAsUtra meM nandanamaNiyAra kA jIvana vRttAnta, ( Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara - pR. 430 2. yA hiMsAvato'pi samRddhiH arhatpUjAvato'pi dAridryAvAptiH, sA krameNa prAgupAttasya pApAnubandhinaH puNyasya, puNyAnubandhinaH pApasya ca phlm| takriyopAttaM tu karma janmAntare phaliSyati, iti nAtra niyata-kArya-kAraNabhAva-vyabhicAraH / " -jainAcArya For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 455 (4) pApAnubandhI pApa - yaha caturtha bhaMga (vikalpa) hai| isa bhaMga ke adhikArI ve haiM, jo pUrvajanma meM bhI puNya-pApa ke khela meM bAjI hAra gaye the, vartamAna meM bhI pUrvakRta kiMcit puNyarAzi ke phalasvarUpa manuSyajanma, svastha zarIra, pAMcoM indriyA~, dIrghAyuSya milA, phira bhI ve akuzala khilAr3I banakara bAjI hArate jA rahe hai; apanA bhaviSya andhakAramaya banA rahe haiN| aise jIva pUrvakRta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa vartamAna meM bhI duHkha pAte haiM aura bhaviSya ke lie bhI pApakarma kA saMcaya karake duHkha ke bIja bote haiM; aise jIva isa vikalpa meM Ate haiN| arthAt-jo pUrvakRta pApakarma vartamAna meM duHkha detA hai aura pApAnubandhI hone se bhaviSya meM bhI jisase duHkharUpa phala prApta hotA hai| jaise- dhIvara Adi macchImAra, kasAI, vezyA Adi kA pApakarma / tandulamatsya bhI isa bhaMga kA udAharaNa hai| jo pUrvakRta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa alpAyu hokara pApamaya azubha bhAvoM se saptama naraka kA bandha kara letA hai| siMha, sarpa, vyAghra Adi hiMsaka krUra prANI bhI isI pApAnubandhI pApa kI koTi meM Ate haiN|' skandapurANa tathA mArkaNDeya purANa meM bhI puNya-pApa se sambandhita caubhaMgI batAI gaI hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-"(1) eka vyakti ko kevala isI loka meM sukha hai, paraloka meM nahIM, (2) eka vyakti yahA~ duHkhI hai, kintu paraloka meM sukhI rhegaa| (3) eka vyakti aisA hai, jo yahA~ tathA vahA~ yA anyatra bhI sukhI nahIM hai, duHkhI hI rhegaa| (4) aura eka vyakti aisA hai, jo vartamAna aura bhaviSya meM, tathA paraloka meM evaM punarjanma meM bhI sarvatra sukhI rhegaa|" isakA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai (1) pahalA bhaMga - jisane pUrvajanma meM puNyopArjana kiyA hai, kintu Aja puNyopArjana nahIM kara rahA hai, vaha yahIM sukhI dikhAI degaa| usake lie paraloka tathA punarjanma meM kaSTa hI kaSTa hai| (2) dUsarA bhaMga - jisakA pUrvakRta puNya nahIM hai, parantu Aja vaha tapasyA kara rahA hai, yaha (tumhAre jaisA) yahA~ kaSTa pAtA huA bhI Age sukhI rhegaa| (3) tIsarA bhaMga - jisane pahale aura Aja bhI kisI puNya kA anuSThAna nahIM kiyA, use Aja aura Age bhI kaSTa pAnA hai| aisA narAdhama dhikkAra kA pAtra hai| (4) cauthA bhaMga - kintu jisane pahale bhI puNyopArjana kiyA, Aja bhI puNya kara rahA hai, vaha zreSTha puruSa dhanya hai, jo Aja bhI aura Age bhI sukhI rhegaa| 1. (ka) 'puNya-pApa kI avadhAraNA' - jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita lekha se (kha) dekheM - taMdulavayAliya prakaraNa 2. ihaivekasya nA'mutra amutranaikasya no iha / iha cAmutra caikasya nAmutraikasya no iha // 97 // For Personal & Private Use Only

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456 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) puNya aura pApa kI kriyA kA phala : bhAvoM para nirbhara vastutaH puNya aura pApa kI kriyA bhAvoM para AdhArita hai| bhAvoM kA parivartana hote hI puNyabandha kA phala, pApa phala ke rUpa meM aura pApabandha kA phala, puNya phala ke rUpa meM prApta ho sakatA hai| kabhI-kabhI zubhabhAvoM se kArya kiyA, usase puNyabandha huA, kintu usa karma ke udaya meM Ane se pahale bhAvanA azubha ho gaI, pApa kI yA adharma kI bhAvanA ho gaI, to usakA phala azubhakArI (pApakArI) milatA hai| isI prakAra kinhIM azubha pApamaya kRtyoM ke kAraNa azubha (pApakarma) kA bandha huA, kintu bAda meM usake bhAvoM ne palaTA khaayaa| usane usa kRta pApakarmoM kI AlocanA, nindanA (pazcAttApa), garhaNA aura prAyazcitta Adi karake Atmazuddhi kara lI / phalataH pApakarma ke phala milane ke badale use puNyakarma kA phala milatA hai| zubha-azubhakarma phala ke viSaya meM eka caturbhaMgI sthAnAMgasUtra meM zubha-azubha karmaphala ke sambandha meM eka caturbhaMgI kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| usakA bhAvArtha isa prakAra hai (1) eka hotA hai zubhakarma, para usakA vipAka hotA hai- azubha / arthAt- kisI zubha kArya ke kAraNa baMdhA hai-puNyakarma, kintu usakA vipAka (karmaphalabhoga) hotA haipApaphala ke rUpa meN| (2) isI prakAra baMdhA huA hai- azubha (pApa) karma, kintu bAda meM una karmoM ke udaya meM Ane se pUrva hI bhAvanA badalI, zubha AcaraNa huA, tapasyA evaM sAdhanA kI, tadanusAra azubha bandha ke badale zubha bandha ho jAne se usakA phalavipAka zubha AyApuNyaphala ke rUpa meN| zeSa do vikalpa sAmAnya haiM-(3) jo azubha (pApa) rUpa meM baMdhA huA hai, aura bAda meM pApAcaraNa tathA azubha pariNAma kA puruSArtha huA, isa kAraNa usakA phala bhI azubha (pApa) rUpa huaa| (4) isI prakAra jo zubha (puNya) rUpa meM baMdhA hai, tathA bAda meM bhI puNyAcaraNa tathA zubha pariNAma kA puruSArtha huA, isalie usakA phala bhI zubha (puNya) rUpa huaa| pUrvopAttaM bhavetpuNyaM bhuktirnaivopArjayantyapi / iha bhogaH sa vai prokto durbhagasyAlpamedhasaH ||98 // pUrvopAttaM yasya nAsti tapobhizcArjavasyapi / paraloke tasya bhogo dhImatA sakriyAt sphuTam // 99 // pUrvopAttaM yasya nAsti, puNyaM cehA'pi nArjayet / tat bhaMgamutraM vApi yo dhik taM ca narAdhamam // 100 // -ska. mA. (mArkaNDeya) kalyANa devatAMka pR. 194 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 457 tAtparya yaha hai ki ina do bhaMgoM meM koI vicAraNIya bAta nahIM hai| lekina isa caturbhagI kA dUsarA aura tIsarA bhaMga bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa aura mananIya hai-jijJAsuoM, mumukSuoM aura AtmArthiyoM ke lie| jaba taka isa caturbhagI ko hRdayaMgama nahIM kiyA jAegA, taba taka karmaphala ke viSaya meM spaSTa darzana nahIM ho skegaa| pUrvokta caturbhagI kA phalitArtha, niSkarSa aura rahasya - prastuta catubhaMgI kA phalitArtha rUpa isa prakAra hai-(1) puNya aura usakA phala puNya, (2) pApa aura usakA phala pApa; (3) puNya aura usakA phala pApa, aura (4) pApa aura usakA phala punny| __isameM tIsarA aura cauthA vikalpa karmavijJAna ke anusAra jAti-parivartana kA ghotaka hai| jisa prakAra Ajakala nasla badala dI jAtI hai, usI prakAra ye do vikalpa karma-paramANuoM kI jAti-parivartana ke siddhAnta ke rUpa meM prastuta kiye gae haiN| svakIya puruSArtha se zubha yA azubha karma-paramANuoM kI jAti badalI jA sakatI hai, bazarte ki vaha karmabandha nikAcitarUpa meM na huA ho, tathA udaya meM na AyA ho| jaise-bandhakAla meM eka prakAra ke karmaparamANu baMdhe, kintu bAda meM aisA zubha yA azubha puruSArtha huA, jisase una pUrvabaddha karmaparamANuoM kA jAtyantara ho gyaa| jo paramANu puNya ke the, ve pApaphaladAyaka paramANu bana gae; tathaiva jo paramANu pApa ke the, ve puNya-phaladAyaka paramANu bana ge| niSkarSa yaha hai ki eka vikalpa meM paramANuoM kA saMcaya huA puNyarUpa meM, kintu usakA pariNAma niSpanna huA pApa ke rUpa meM / dUsare vikalpa meM-paramANuoM kA saMcaya huA pAparUpa meM, kintu usakA pariNAma niSpanna huA puNya ke rUpa meN| spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to-pahale puNya kA bandha huA, usa bandha meM samagra paramANusaMcaya puNya se jur3A huA hai; kintu bAda meM koI hiMsA, corI Adi kA kupuruSArtha huA ki usa pUrva karma paramANupuMja kI jAti kA samUla parivartana ho gyaa| isI prakAra pahale pApa kA bandhaM huA, usa bandha meM samagra paramANu saMcaya pApa se jur3A huA hai, kintu bAda meM aisA koI bAhyAbhyantara yA sAdhanA Adi kA satpuruSArtha huA ki usa pUrva-karmaparamANupuMja kI jAti kA samUla parivartana ho gyaa| pUrvokta caturbhagI kA phalitArtha . pUrvokta caturbhagI kA phalitArtha yaha hai (1) zubha aura zubha vipAka-koI karma zubha hotA hai, usakA vipAka bhI zubha hotA hai| arthAt-koI jIva sAtAvedanIyAdi zubha karma (puNya) kA baMdha karatA hai aura usakA vipAka rUpa zubha phala (sukha) bhogatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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458 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) (2) zubha aura azubha vipAka - koI karma prArambha meM zubha hotA hai, kintu bAda meM usakA vipAka azubha hotA hai| arthAt - koI jIva pahale sAtAvedanIya Adi zubhakarma bAMdhatA hai| kintu bAda meM tIvra kaSAya se prerita hokara asAtAvedanIya Adi azubha karma kA tIvra bandha karatA hai to usakA pUrvabaddha sAtAvedanIyAdi zubha karma bhI asAtAvedanIyAdi pApakarma meM saMkrAnta (pariNata) ho jAtA hai| isa kAraNa vaha azubha phala bhoga (vipAka) karAtA hai| (3) azubha aura zubha vipAka - koI karma azubha hotA hai, kintu usakA vipAka zubha hotA hai| arthAt-kisI jIva ne pahale asAtAvedanIyAdi azubha karma ko bAMdhA hai, kintu bAda meM pariNAmoM kI prabalatA se sAtAvedanIyAdi uttama anubhAga vAle karma ko bAMdhatA hai| aise jIva kA pUrvabaddha azubha karma bhI zubha karma ke rUpa meM saMkrAnta yA pariNata ho jAtA hai| ataeva usakA vipAka zubha ho jAtA hai| (4) azubha aura azubha vipAka - koI karma azubha hotA hai, usakA vipAka bhI azubha ho jAtA hai| arthAt- kisI jIva ne pahale pApa karma bAMdha liyA kintu bAda meM bhI pApakarma ke pariNAma barakarAra rahane se usake azubha vipAka rUpa azubha phala ko hI vaha bhogatA hai| ' mammaNa seTha : pahale puNyabandha kA, aura bAda meM azubha bhAvoM ke kAraNa pApaphala kA pratIka mammaNaseTha kI kathA meM usake pUrvajanma kI ghaTanA dI gaI hai ki usane kisI sAdhu ko AhAradAna meM modaka diye| diye the usa samaya bhAva zubha aura utkaTa the| isase zubha (puNya) bandha huaa| lekina sAdhu AhAra lekara calA gayA, usake pazcAt usake mana meM modaka-dAna kA gaharA pazcAttApa huA - hAya ! maiMne sAre hI modaka sAdhu ko de diye| mere liye to kucha bacA hI nhiiN| maiM aba kyA khAU~gA ? yaha acchA nahIM huaa| usa sAdhu ko bhI isI samaya AnA thA !" yoM pazcAttApa karate-karate azubha karma kA bandha kara liyaa| jisakA phala AgAmI janma meM mammaNa ke bhava meM use milaa| use dhana to milA, para sukha-zAnti nahIM mila skii| dhana kA na to vaha sadupayoga kara sakA aura na hI apane aura apane parivAra ke upabhoga meM le skaa| 9. (ka) cauvvihe kamme paNNatte, taM jahA - subhe NAmamege subhavivAge, subhe NAmamege asubhavivAge, asubhe NAmamege subha vivAge, asubhe NAmamege asubha vivAge / sthAnAMga sthAna 4, u. 4, sU. 603 vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara ) pR. 430-431 (kha) citta aura mana se sArAMza grahaNa, pR. 206 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 559 usa pApakarmaphala ke kAraNa usa dhana para adhikAdhika mamatA- -mUrcchA evaM Asakti ke kAraNa usane aura adhika pApakarma kA hI saMcaya kiyaa| hRdaya meM usa pUrvakRta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa kaThoratA, deva-guru-dharma ke prati azraddhA, nirdayatA, kRpaNatA evaM avizvAsa banA rhaa| usakI puNya karma karane kI zakti lupta ho gii| adharma aura pApa ke kusaMskAra usa para hAvI ho ge| yaha thA puNya karma (zubha) bandha kA prArambha aura pariNAma ghaTita huA pAparUpa phalabhoga / ' caNDakauzika : pUrvakRta pApabandha, kintu isa janma meM puNyakarma karake zubha phalabhoga kA pratIka caNDakauzika pUrvajanma meM eka sAdhu thA; kintu apane ziSya ke dvArA bAra-bAra uttejita kiye jAne para vaha gusse meM Aga babUlA hokara ziSya ko mArane daudd'aa| andhere meM khaMbhA na dIkhane ke kAraNa khaMbhe se TakarAyA aura vahIM usake prANapakherU ur3a ge| krodhAveza meM marane ke kAraNa vaha marakara caNDakauzika sarpa banA / aneka prANiyoM ko usane apanI viSAkta dRSTi se mAra ddaalaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sambodhita karane se caNDakauzika kucha saMbhalA, use pUrvajanma ke kRtya kA smaraNa ho aayaa| phalataH usake pariNAma zubha hue| apane bhAvoM aura AcaraNa ko ujjvala banAne kA saMkalpa kiyaa| AmaraNa anazana svIkAra karake apanA mu~ha bAMbI ke andara DAla diyaa| aba caNDakauzika kisI ko bilakula nahIM satAtA / usake isa prakAra zubha pariNAmoM se azubha karmoM ke paramANu badale, zubha meM pariNata hue, usake phalasvarUpa vaha marakara zubhaphala ke rUpa meM devayoni meM utpanna huaa| yaha thA pApabandha kA prArambha, kintu pariNAma meM ghaTita huA puNyaphala ! zrIpAla : pUrvakRta azubha karmabandha ke kAraNa azubha, kintu zubhAcaraNa dvArA unakA zubhaphaloM meM parivartana azubha karma ko zubhakarma meM parivartita karake zubhaphalabhoga-prApti ke sambandha meM zrIpAlakumAra kA dRSTAnta prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| pUrvakRta azubha karmodaya ke kAraNa use apane cAcA vIradamana ke trAsa se apanI mAtA kamalaprabhA ke sAtha vana-vana meM bhaTakane tathA sAtasI kor3hiyoM ke dala ke sAtha rahane ko bAdhya honA pdd'aa| kor3hiyoM ke samparka se zrIpAla ko bhI kor3ha ho gayA / kor3hIdala zrIpAla ko 'umbararANA' kahakara Adara detA thA / 1. upadezaprasAda (bhASAntara) se saMkSipta 2. AvazyakacUrNi se saMkSipta For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #480
460 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ujjayinI ke ahaMkArI rAjA prajApAla ne apane mata kA virodha karane se roSavaza karmasiddhAntavijJa apanI putrI mainAsundarI kA vivAha kor3hI zrIpAla (umbararANA) ke sAtha kara diyaa| mainAsundarI kI preraNA se zrIpAla ne Ayambila tapa sahita navapada kI ArAdhanA kii| usake prabhAva se usake azubha karma kaTa gae, zubha karma prabala ho ge| phalataH sAta sau kor3hiyoM sahita usakA kuSTa roga dUra ho gyaa| usa puNyakarma ke prabhAva se zrIpAla sukha-zAnti kA anubhava karane lgaa| yaha thA - azubha karma (pApa) bandha kA zubha (puNya) phala vipAka ke rUpa meM rUpAntara / ' pApakarma lipta pradezI aramaNIya se ramaNIya banakara zubhaphalabhAgI banA pradezI rAjA kezI zramaNa muni ke samparka meM AyA, usase pUrva vaha bahuta krUra aura nAstika banA huA thaa| citta pradhAna ke nimitta se vaha mahAmuni kezI zramaNa ke samparka meM AyA / dhIre-dhIre rAjA pradezI kA jIvana parivartita ho gyaa| vaha parama Astika, samyagdRSTi evaM zrAvakavratI bana gyaa| jaba vaha kezI zramaNa ke darzana karake apane ghara lauTane lagA to unhoMne kahA - "rAjan pradezI ! (isase pUrva tuma pApakarmoM meM lipta hone ke kAraNa aramaNIya bane hue the, kintu aba tuma ) jIvana ke pUrvakAla meM (puNyakarmoM) se ramaNIya banakara jIvana ke uttarakAla meM (punaH pApakarmoM se) aramaNIya mata bana jaanaa| pradezI ne vahI kiyaa| phalataH vaha puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa marakara sUryAbha deva banA, devaloka prApti rUpa puNyaphala bhAgI bnaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki hiMsA Adi pApakarmoM ke AcaraNa se pradezI nRpa aramaNIya bana gayA thA, usakA phala use kaTurUpa meM bhoganA par3atA / kintu pradezI rAjA ne bhI azubha karma (pApa) bandha ko zubhakarma meM pariNata karake zubha (puNya) phala vipAka (phalabhoga) kara liyaa| yaha azubha ke zubha meM rUpAntara kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai| subAhukumAra : prApta bhI zubha, baddha bhI zubha karma aura phalabhoga bhI zubha subAhukumAra pUrvajanma meM sumukha nAmaka gRhapati thaa| usane sudattamuni Adi supAtra nirgrantha muniyoM ko zuddhabhAva se AhAradAna diyA thaa| usa pUrvakRta puNya ke phalasvarUpa isa 9. 2. siri sirivAla kahA (ratnazekharasUri ) se saMkSipta (ka) dekheM- 'rAyappaseNIyaM suttaM' meM pradezI rAjA kA jIvanavRtta (kha) mA NaM tumaM padesI ! puvvaM ramaNijje bhavittA, pacchA aramaNijje bhavejjAsi ! For Personal & Private Use Only - rAjapraznIya 4 / 82

Page #481
puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 461 janma meM vaha hastizIrSa nagara ke rAjA adInazatru ke putrarUpa meM jnmaa| sukhabhogoM meM plaa| gRhasthocita zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana kiyaa| eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mukha se apane pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunakara vaha virakta huaa| saMyamArAdhanA karake prathama devaloka meM gyaa| yaha huA subAhukumAra dvArA pUrvakRta zubha (puNya) karma ke phalasvarUpa zubha phala aura punaH zubhakarma ke kAraNa devaloka rUpa zubha phala kI prApti, yAnI baddhakarma bhI zubha aura phalabhoga (vipAka) bhI zubha kA jvalanta udAharaNa!' kAlasaukarika : baddha hai azubha (pApa) karma aura phalabhoga bhI azubha kA pratIka baMdhA hai, azubha karma aura usakA phalabhoga bhI azubha; isa vikalpa ke sambandha meM rAjagRha nivAsI kAlasaukarika (kasAI) kA udAharaNa prastuta kara sakate haiN| vaha pUrvakRta pApakarmavaza kasAI ke yahA~ janmA aura kasAI kA hI dhaMdhA karane lgaa| phalataH isa janma meM bhI pApakarma karake usake phalabhoga ke lie naraka kA mehamAna bnaa| 'jaisA karma, vaisA hI phalabhoga' meM pariSkAra karanA ucita pUrvokta cAroM vikalpoM meM zubha se azubha phalabhoga prApti tathA azubha se zubhaphala bhoga prApti- ye donoM hI vikalpa isa ekAntavAda kA khaNDana karate haiM ki "jaisA karma kiyA hai, vaisA hI phala bhoganA par3atA hai|" isa sUtra meM itanA-sA pariSkAra kara diyA jAe to yaha ekAntika ke badale anekAntika bana sakatA hai-'karma ke udaya meM Ane arthAtaphalapradAnonmukha hone se avyavahita pUrva meM jaisA bhI puNya yA pApakarma kiyA hotA hai yA jisa prakAra ke pariNAmoM kA utkarSaNa-apakarSaNa kiyA hotA hai, tadanusAra use zubha yA azubha phala bhoganA par3atA hai|' pUrvabaddha karmoM kA phala usI rUpa meM bhoganA Avazyaka nahIM .... yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki pUrva meM baMdhe hue zubha (puNya) yA azubha (pApa) karma usI rUpa meM bhogane pdd'eN| pratyeka vyakti vartamAna meM apane zubha karmoM dvArA pUrva meM bAMdhe hue sajAtIya karmoM ko badalane tathA sthiti evaM anubhAga (rasa) ko ghaTAne, bar3hAne tathA kSaya karane meM pUrNa svatantra hai, samartha hai| pratyeka vyakti pUrvajanma meM Acarita duSpravRttiyoM ke kAraNa bAMdhe hue azubha evaM duHkhada pApakarmoM kI sthiti evaM anubhAga (rasa) ko vartamAna 1. dekheM-sukhavipAka sUtra a.1 2. Avazyaka kathA 3. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha se, pR.89 . For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #482
462 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) meM zubha pravRttiyoM se zubha karma bAMdhakara ghaTA sakatA hai tathA unheM zubha evaM sukhada puNyakarmoM meM saMkramita kara sakatA hai| isake viparIta vaha apanI duHkhada evaM azubha duSpravRttiyoM se vartamAna meM azubha pApakarmoM kA bandha karake pUrvabaddha sukhada evaM zubhakarmoM ko azubha evaM duHkhada karmaphala dene vAle banA sakatA hai|' zubha ko azubha phalabhoga meM badalanA yA azubha ko zubha phalabhoga meM badalanA pratyeka vyakti ke apane hAtha meM hai| usake lie cAhie-vaisI ruci, zraddhA, vRtti aura pravRtti / saubhAgya ko durbhAgya meM aura durbhAgya ko saubhAgya meM parivartana karane kI yaha kalA, athavA isa kalA kA rahasyodghATana jaina karmavijJAnamarmajJoM ne kiyA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki jo karmakalAmarmajJa banakara kuzala khilAr3I kI bhAMti puNya-pApa ke isa khela meM cAhe jisa paristhiti meM apane Apako saMbhAla letA hai aura vartamAna meM cAhe jaisI pApaphalamaya duHkhada paristhiti ho, samabhAva, dhairya evaM utsAha ke sAtha ahiMsAdi dharmoM kA AcaraNa evaM niSkAma puNyakarmoM kA upArjana kara letA hai, vaha apanI usa viSama duHkhada paristhiti ko sukhada paristhiti meM badala detA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to isa khela meM vijayI bana jAtA hai| isake viparIta akuzala khilAr3I sundara sukhamaya paristhiti pAkara bhI apanI duHkhada, pApamayI duSpravRttiyoM ke kAraNa isa khela meM bAjI hAra jAtA hai| ___puNya-pApa ke khela meM isa prakAra kI hAra aura jIta hI usake duHkhada aura sukhada phala haiN| puNya-pApa ke khela meM akuzala khilAr3I kI hAra : eka rUpaka puNya aura pApa ke khela meM akuzala mAnava kaise hAra jAtA hai, isa tathya ko uttarAdhyayana meM do rUpakoM dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai (1) eka bhikhArI ne mAMga-mAMga kara hajAra kArSApaNa saMcita kara liye| unheM lekara vaha ghara kI ora claa| rAste meM khAne pIne kI vyavasthA ke lie eka kArSApaNa ko bhunAkara zeSa kAkiNiyA~ rakha liiN| unhIM meM se vaha kharca karatA jaataa| unameM se jaba sirpha eka kAkiNI bacI to Age calate-calate rAste meM vaha eka jagaha use bhUla aayaa| kucha dUra jAne para use kAkiNI yAda AI to apane pAsa kI kArSApaNoM kI naulI ko kahIM gAr3akara usa eka kAkiNI ko lene vApasa daudd'aa| lekina vahA~ use kAkiNI nahIM milii| jaba vaha nirAza hokara vApasa lauTA, taba taka kArSApaNoM kI naulI bhI eka AdamI lekara bhAga gyaa| vaha eka kAkiNI ke lobha meM sarvasva luTA baitthaa| apAra pazcAttApa huA use| 1. jinavANI karmasiddhAnta vizeSAMka meM prakAzita 'karaNa siddhAnta : bhAgyanirmANa kI prakriyA' lekha For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #483
puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 463 niSkarSa yaha hai ki kAmabhogoM kI Asakti se hone vAlA pApa alpa sukharUpa hai, pracura duHkhamaya hai| isameM hAra se ghora pazcAttApa hotA hai, jabaki niyama, yama, vrata, tyAMga, tapa se, dAnAdi se hone vAlA puNya divya sukharUpa phala pradAna karatA hai / parantu puNya-pApa ke khela meM akuzala khilAr3I kAmabhogoM ke yA kaSAyoM ke preyamArga kI aura daur3a lagAtA hai, isase vaha mahAn puNyarAzi se arjita manuSyajanma tathA puNyakarma-upArjana karane ke kAraNabhUta dAna, dayA, vrata, niyama, tapa, manuSyatA Adi se puNyasaMcaya ke avasara kho detA hai| vRddhAvasthA meM vaha punaH usa puNyanidhi ko lene ke lie tatpara hotA hai, pUrvasaMcita puNya-rAzi bhI kAma, krodha, tRSNA, vAsanA, lobha Adi cora pahale se hI haraNa kara le jAte haiM, vaha hAtha malatA raha jAtA hai| yahI usakI karArI hAra hai|' magara puNya aura pApa ke khela meM eka kI hAra aura dUsare kI jIta : kyoM aura kaise? puNya-pApa ke khela meM jIta aura hAra ke rUpa meM hama do kathAnAyakoM ko prastuta kara sakate haiN| unake nAma haiM- puMNDarIka aura kaNDarIka / ye donoM sahodara bhAI the| donoM puNDarIkiNI nagarI ke rAjA mahApadma aura rAnI padmAvatI ke putra the| mahApadma rAjA jaba dharmaghoSa muni se saMyama lene ko taiyAra hue to bar3e putra puNDarIka ko rAjA aura choTe putra kaNDarIka ko yuvarAja pada de diyaa| kucha arse bAda dharmaghoSa muni punaH usa nagarI meM padhAre to mahArAja puNDarIka ne zrAvaka dharma, aura yuvarAja kaNDarIka ne munidharma svIkAra kiyaa| dIkSA lene ke pazcAt muni kaNDarIka sAdhanApatha para mustaidI ke sAtha Age bar3ha rahe the, ki acAnaka arasa-virasa AhAra se unake zarIra meM dAhajvara roga ho gyaa| unakI asahya pIr3A darzanArtha Ae hue mahArAja puNDarIka se dekhI nahIM gii| unhoMne apanI dAnazAlA meM rahakara samucita auSadhopacAra karAne kI prArthanA kii| mahAsthavira dharmaghoSa muni kI AjJA lekara ve rAjA puNDarIka kI dAnazAlA meM rahakara cikitsA karAne lge| auSadha aura samucita pathyasevana se muni kA tana to svastha ho gayA, parantu mana una sarasa-svAdiSTa bhojanoM meM Asakta ho gayA, sukhazIlatA DhUMDhane lagA / AcArazaithilya ke kAraNa punaH gRhasthAzrama meM praveza karane aura mauja-zauka karane kI bhAvanA aMgar3AI lene lgii| eka dina puNDarIka rAjA kaNDarIka muni ke darzanArtha Ae aura unhoMne unase sukhasAtA pUchI to kucha dera taka mauna aura udAsa rhe| phira dUsarI tIsarI bAra pUchA1 'munivara ! Apake sukhasAtA to hai na ?' taba unhoMne sApha-sApha kaha diyA- "sukhasAtA to 1. uttarAdhyayana a. 7 kI gAthA 11, 12 kI vyAkhyA / For Personal & Private Use Only

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464 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) tumhAre hai| mere to zarIra aura mana para itanI pAbaMdiyA~ hone ke kAraNa jarA bhI sukhasAtA nhiiN| nIrasa aura tuccha jIvana hai yaha! isameM sukhasAtA kahA~ ?" puNDarIka rAjA ne socA-'inheM saMyama kaSTakara aura bhArabhUta laga rahA hai|' rAjA ne unheM samajhAne kA bahuta prayatna kiyA ki Apa dharma evaM puNyopArjana ke anupama avasara ko chor3akara kyoM asaMyama aura bhogoM ke pApapaMka meM phaMsanA cAhate haiM ? parantu itanA samajhAne para bhI ve nahIM smjhe| gRhasthajIvana ke bhogoM meM sukha pAne kI tIvra lAlasA unake tana-mana meM ghur3adaur3a kara rahI thii| ataH puNDarIka nRpa ne apane pArivArikajanoM ko bulAkara unake samakSa kaNDarIka ko apane rAjya kA rAjA banA diyaa| svayaM tyAga ke Agneya patha para cala pdd'e| dIkSA ke tyAgapatha kA svIkAra kiyaa| idhara kaNDarIka rAjA banane ke bAda rAjasI evaM kAmottejaka gariSTha AhAra kA khulakara upabhoga karane lge| viSayabhogoM meM tIvratA se tallIna ho ge| AhAra na pacane tathA bhogoM ke tIvra upabhoga se unake zarIra meM ugra vedanA bar3hane lgii| bhayaMkara vyAdhi se grasta hokara kaNDarIka sirpha tIna hI dinoM bAda maraNazaraNa ho gyaa| marakara vaha sAtavIM naraka kA mehamAna bnaa| udhara puNDarIka muni banakara tapa saMyama meM lIna rahane lge| asara-virasa AhAra karane se unake zarIra meM bhayaMkara vedanA utpanna huii| antima samaya nikaTa jAnakara samAdhi pUrvaka mRtyu ko svIkAra kiyaa| marakara ve sarvArthasiddha devaloka meM utpanna hue| vahA~ se ve mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara saMyama karaNI karake mokSa prApta kreNge| vizeSatA yaha rahI ki kaNDarIka ne 1000 varSa taka saMyama kA pAlana kara jo puNyarAzi upArjita kI thI use sirpha tIna hI dina meM kho dii| vaha isa khela kA akuzala khilAr3I banA, jabaki puNDarIka jo viSayabhogoM meM, rAjya meM, vaibhava meM grasta thA, naI puNyarAzi arjita nahIM kara rahA thA, vaha isa khela kA kuzala khilAr3I banA aura tIna hI dina meM utkaTabhAva se saMyama pAlana kara puNyarAzi upArjita karake sarvArthasiddha devaloka meM gayA, bhaviSya meM mukti prApta kregaa| puNya-pApa ke khela meM karArI hAra : dUsarA rUpaka puNya-pApa ke khela meM hAra jAne kA dUsarA rUpaka isa prakAra hai-eka kuzala evaM anubhavI vaidya ne duHsAdhya rogapIr3ita rAjA ko batAyA ki "Apake lie Ama khAnA kupathya kAraka hai| jisa dina Ama kI eka phAMka bhI khA lI, usa dina ApakI mRtyu nizcita hai|" rAjA ne vaidya kI salAha mAna lii| 1. jJAtAdharmakathA se sArAMza 19 a. For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke phala : hAra aura jIta ke rUpa meM 465 eka dina vaha rAjA maMtrI ke sAtha vana meM saira karane gyaa| vahA~ pake Amra phaloM se lade Ama ke per3oM ko dekhakara rAjA kA mana lalacA gyaa| maMtrI ke bahuta manA karane para bhI vaidya ke sujhAva ko bhUlakara usane svAdalolupatAvaza eka Ama khA liyaa| Ama khAte hI rAjA ke zarIra meM roga ne bhayaMkara rUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura dekhate hI dekhate vahIM rAjA ke prANa pakherU ur3a ge| rAjA ne pUrva puNyarAzi ke phalasvarUpa sukhamaya jIvana aura rAjya pAyA thA, aba usake lie vibhinna svAdoM evaM indriya-viSayasukhoM para niyaMtraNa karane aura kAmabhogoM ke ApAta-ramaNIya kSaNika sukha kA tyAga karake tyAga, niyama, vrata, dAna, zIla, tapa Adi se navIna puNya-arjana karane kA zubha avasara thaa| parantu viSayasukhalubdha rAjA ise bhUlakara pApamaya preyamArga kI ora lur3haka gyaa| hitaiSI puruSoM ke manA karane para bhI puNya-pApa ke khela kA akuzala khilAr3I bAjI hAra jAtA hai| divya-sukha rUpa phala ke kAraNabhUta tyAga, niyama Adi ko bhUla jAtA hai; aura naraka-tiryaJcagati meM gamana ke kAraNabhUta alpa evaM kSaNika sukhaprada kintu pracura evaM dIrghakAlIna duHkhada phala ko pAtA hai| yahI usakI burI taraha parAjaya hai|' tIna vaNika-putroM ke samAna puNya-pApa ke khela meM jaya, parAjaya, ardhaparAjaya . isI prakAra tIna vaNika-putroM kI upamA dekara Age puNya-pApa ke khela meM pUrNajaya, ardhajaya aura parAjaya kA spaSTa digdarzana kiyA gayA hai| eka zreSThI ne apane tInoM putroM kI kuzalatA kI parIkSA ke lie pratyeka putra ko eka-eka hajAra svarNamudrAe~ dekara paradeza kamAne ke lie bhejaa| unameM se eka putra ne socA-pitAjI ke pAsa dhana kI kyA kamI hai ? khAo, pIo, aiza ArAma karo aura saira-sapATA kro| yahI jiMdagI kA sAra hai| yaha socakara usane isI meM mUlapUMjI bhI kho dI, vyApAra kahA~ se karatA? dUsare vaNik-putra ne socA-pitAjI! ne kucha socakara hI yaha pU~jI dI hai| isalie ise surakSita rakhanA cAhie, tAki pitAjI jaba mAMgeM, taba ise vApisa de skuu| yaha socakara usane vaha thailI jyoM kI tyoM surakSita rakha lii| thor3A bahuta vyavasAya karatA, usI se gujArA calAne lgaa| tIsarA putra bahuta samajhadAra thA / usane socA-pitAjI ne yaha pU~jI yoM hI rakhane ke lie nahIM dI hai, isameM vRddhi karanI caahie| usane apanA vyavasAya phailAyA aura eka hI varSa meM sampatti caugunI kara lii| 1. dekheM-uttarAdhyayana sUtra a.7 gA. 11 kI vyAkhyA For Personal & Private Use Only

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466 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ___jaba sabake vApasa svadeza lauTane kA samaya AyA to tInoM bhAI sAtha-sAtha cle| sabase bar3e zreSThiputra ne khAlI thailI pitAjI ko sauMpa dI aura nIcA mu~ha karake khar3A ho gyaa| dUsare ne thailI jyoM kI tyoM pitAjI ko sauMpa dii| tIsare baddhimAna patra ne eka thailI ke badale cAra thailiyA~ pitA ko sauMpa dI aura kahA-"pitAjI! ye lIjiye cAra thailiyA~ jo Apake puNyaprabhAva se caugunI dhanarAzi se bharI haiN|" pitA ne pahale ko dhikkArA, dUsare ko thor3A-sA upAlambha diyA aura tIsare putra ko bahuta-bahuta dhanyavAda dete hue apanA sArA kArobAra sauMpa diyaa| yaha rUpaka bhI puNya-pApa ke khela meM parAjaya, ardhaparAjaya aura jaya ke upalakSa meM ghaTita hotA hai| puNya-pApa ke khela meM jo bilakula anAr3I thA, AsurI zakti kA dhanI thA, vaha pUrva puNya se prApta manuSya janma rUpI mUla dhana ko bhI hAra gyaa| kho dI usane mUlapUMjI jue, madya, mAMsa, hatyA, lUTapATa, zikAra, anyAya Adi pApakarmoM meN| dUsarA prakRti bhadra thA, prakRti se vinIta thA, adhika kuzala na hone para bhI manuSyoM ke prati sadbhAvanA aura sahAnubhUti rakhatA thA, usane manuSyatva rUpI mUla dhana ko surakSita rakhA, isalie isa khela meM AdhI hAra aura AdhI jIta rhii| puNya-pApa kA palar3A barAbara rkhaa| parantu tIsare putra ne pUrvapuNya se prApta manuSyatvarUpI mUladhana meM vrata, niyama, tapa, dayA, dAna, zIla, zubhabhAva, tyAga Adi kI ArAdhanA karake vRddhi kii| phalataH pahale vyakti ko parAjaya ke kAraNa naraka yA tiryaJca gati milatI hai| dUsare ko manuSya gati ardhaparAjaya ke kAraNa aura tIsare ko vijaya prApta hone ke kAraNa devagati prApta hotI hai| yaha hai-puNya-pApa ke khela meM parAjaya, ardha-parAjaya aura vijaya ke rUpa meM phala kI prApti!' 1. vahI a. 7 gA. 14, 15, 16 kI vyAkhyA For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM dharmazAstroM meM varNita puNya-pApa phala kA uddezya saMsAra ke samasta Astika dharmagranthoM meM, AgamoM aura dharmazAstroM meM puNya aura pApa ke phala ke viSaya meM vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| sabhI dharmoM ne apane-apane anuyAyiyoM ko acche mArga para calane aura bure mArga se bacane, athavA naitika jIvana jIne, aura anaitika jIvana se haTane ke lie apane-apane dharmazAstroM meM, purANoM aura itihAsoM meM aise upadeza, kathAe~, rUpaka Adi aMkita kiye haiN| una dharmazAstroM aura dharmagranthoM kI prAmANikatA aura saccAI para Ama janatA ko prAcIna kAla meM bhI vizvAsa thA aura aba bhI vizvAsa hai| aba to TI. vI. ke raMgIna parde para bhI aisI dhArAvAhika paurANika kathAe~, tathA kabhI-kabhI aitihAsika evaM sAmAjika ghaTanAe~ dRzya aura zravya rUpa meM dI jAtI haiM, jinakA jana-jIvana para gaharA prabhAva par3atA hai| una sabakA uddezya janatA ko pApakarmoM se bacAkara puNyakarma kI ora pravRtta karanA hai| Ama AdamI bhI dharmazAstroM meM aMkita una puNya-pApaphala ke upadezoM tathA kathAtmaka vRttAntoM ko suna-par3hakara avazya hI puNya-pApa ke phala ko zraddhApUrvaka hRdayaMgama kara letA hai| jainAgamoM meM pratipAdita puNya-pApa kA phala yahA~ hama jaina-AgamoM ke puNya-pApaphala sUcaka kucha sUtroM kA saMkSepa meM aMkana kara rahe haiM, jisase jainakarmavijJAna ke hArda ko samajhA jA ske| kaI bAra isa janma meM kiye hue pApakarma yA puNya karma kA phala tatkAla nahIM milatA, dera se milatA hai, athavA agale janma yA janmoM meM milatA hai, isa para se kisI ko karmaphala ke viSaya meM sandeha nahIM karanA caahie| .. yadyapi jaina karmavijJAna meM saMvara-nirjarA aura mokSarUpa dharma ke phaloM ke bhI yatra-tatra spaSTa upadeza haiM, kathA sUtra bhI haiM; kintu unake viSaya meM hama 'karmabandha se For Personal & Private Use Only

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468 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) karmamukti' ke prakaraNa meM aMkita kreNge| yahA~ prastuta sandarbha meM hama puNya-pApa-phala kI prAmANikatA aura saccAI ko ujAgara karane hetu sirpha unhIM ke sambandha meM zAstrIya pramANa prastuta kreNge| cauryakarmoM kA phala : mUkatA aura bodhi-durlabhatA dazavaikAlika sUtra meM vividha cauryakoM ke phala ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai jo . manuSya tapa kA cora hai, vacana kA cora (Thaga) hai, rUpa kA cora hai, AcAra kA cora hai, aura bhAvoM kA cora hai, vaha kilviSika devatva prApti ke yogya (nIca jAti ke devatva yogya) karma karatA hai| devatva (devabhava) prApta karake bhI kilviSika (nIca jAti ke ) deva ke rUpa meM utpanna huA vaha vahA~ yaha nahIM jAna pAtA ki yaha mere kisa karma kA phala hai? vaha (kilviSika deva) vahA~ se cyuta hokara bher3a-bakarI kI taraha mUkatA (gUMgApana) athavA naraka yA tiryaJcayoni ko prApta karatA hai, jahA~ use bodhi-prApti atyanta durlabha hai|' suvinItatA aura avinItatA kA phala suvinIta aura avinIta ko milane vAle ihalaukika pratyakSa phala ke viSaya meM nirUpaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai-suvinIta strI-puruSa bhI Rddhi aura mahAyaza ko pAkara sukhAnubhava karate dekhe jAte haiM, suvinIta deva, yakSa, guhyaka (bhavanapati) deva bhI Rddhi aura mahAyaza ko pAkara sukhAnubhUti karate dekhe jAte haiN| isake viparIta avinIta strI-puruSa kSata-vikSata, indriyavikala, daNDa aura zastra se z2arjara, asabhya vacanoM dvArA pratAr3ita, karuNa, paravaza aura bhUkha-pyAsa se pIr3ita hokara duHkhAnubhava karate dekhe jAte haiN| avinIta deva, yakSa aura guhyaka bhI nIca kAryoM meM lagAye hue dAsa bhAva meM rahakara duHkhAnubhUti karate dekhe jAte haiN| 1. tavateNe vayateNe bateNe ya je nre| AyAra-bhAvateNe ya, kubvai devkibdhisN|| labhrUNa vi devattaM ubavatrI deva kibdhise| tatvAvi se na yANAi, kiM me kiccA imaM phlN|| tatto vi se caitANaM labbhai elamUyagaM / narayaM tirikkhajoNi vA, bohI jattha sudullahA / / -dazavakAlika a. 5 u. 2 gA. 46 se 48 dekheM dazavaikAlika sUtra a. 9, u 2 kI gAthA. 9,11,7,8,10 kI vyAkhyA (Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara) pR. 348-49 taheva suviNIyappA logaMsi nrnaariio| dIsaMti suhamehaMtA iDDhi pattA mahAyasA // 9 // taheva-suviNIyappA devA jaskhA ya gujjhgaa| dIsaMti suhamehaMtA iDhi pattA mahAyasA // 11 // For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 469 vinaya pUrvaka zrutArAdhanA karane vAle sAdhakoM ke dvArA vinaya kA suphala batAte hue kahA gayA hai-vaha suvinIta sAdhaka devoM, gandharvo aura manuSyoM dvArA pUjita hokara karmayukta deha ko chor3atA hai, to yA to alpakarma raja vAlA maharddhika deva hotA hai, yA phira zAzvata sarva karmamukta siddha-buddha ho jAtA hai|' puNya-pApa karmoM se kaluSita mAnavoM ko, unake karmoM kA suphala-duSphala puNya-pApa karmoM se kaluSita manuSya kI kuphalayukta dazA kA varNana karate hue uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai-jisa prakAra kSatriya loga sabhI arthoM (kAmabhogoM, viSayasukha sAdhanoM, athavA vaibhava-aizvarya) kA upabhoga karate hue bhI virakti ko prApta nahIM hote, usI prakAra zubhAzubhakarmoM se kaluSita jIva anAdikAla se AvartasvarUpa yonicakra meM bhramaNa karate hue saMsAra dazA se vairAgya (nirveda) nahIM paate| arthAt janma-maraNa ke bhaMvara jAla se mukta hone kI icchA nahIM hotii| karmoM ke saMga se sammUr3ha, duHkhita, aura atyanta vedanAyukta jIva manuSyetara yoniyoM meM punaH-punaH vinighAta (trAsa) pAte haiN| vividha zuddha zIla pAlana rUpa puNya karma ke suphala vividha zIla (vrata, niyama evaM AcAra) ke pAlana Adi kA suphala batAte hue uttarAdhyayana meM kahA gayA hai-vividha zIloM (vrata, AcAroM) ke pAlana se yakSa (maharddhi ka deva) hote haiN| ve uttarottara (sthiti, prabhAva, sukha, dyuti evaM lezyA kI adhikAdhika) samRddhi ke dvArA mahAzukla (candra-sUrya) kI bhA~ti dIptimAna hote haiM aura ve aisA mAnane lagate haiM ki svarga se punaH cyavana nahIM hotaa| (eka prakAra se) divya kAmabhogoM ke liye svayaM ko arpita ve deva icchAnusAra rUpa banAne (vikurvaNA karane) meM samartha hote haiM aura UrdhvakalpoM (Upara ke devalokoM) meM pUrvavarSazata (sudIrghakAla) taka rahate haiN| ve deva una taheva aviNIyappA logasi nrnaariio| dIsaMti duhamehaMtA.chAyA te vigaleMdiyA 7 // daMDa-sattha-parijuNNA asabbhavayaNehi ya / kaluNA vivanna chaMdA khuppivAsAe parigayA // 8 // taheva aviNIyappA devA jakkhA ya gujjhgaa| dIsaMti duhamehaMtA aabhiogmuvtttthiaa||10|| sa deva-gaMdhavva-maNussa-pUie caittu dehaM mala-paMka puvvyN| siddhe vA havai sAsae deve vA apparae mhiddddhie|| -uttarAdhyayana a. 1, gA. 48 evamAvaTTa joNIsu pANiNo kmmkibbissaa| na nivijjati saMsAre savvaDhesu va khttiyaa| kammasaMgehiM saMmUDhA dukkhiyA bhuveynnaa| amANusAsu joNIsu viNihammati paanninno|| -uttarAdhyayana a. 3 gA. 5-6. For Personal & Private Use Only

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470 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kalpoM (devaloko) meM (apanI-apanI vratArAdhanA ke anurUpa) yathAsthAna (apanI kAla maryAdA) taka Thahara kara Ayu kSaya hote hI vahA~ se cyavana kara manuSya yoni pAte haiN| jahA~ ve dazAMga-bhoga sAmagrI se yukta sthAna meM janma lete haiM-kSetra (kheta yA khulI jamIna), vAstu (gRha prAsAda Adi), svarNa, pazusamUha, dAsa-poSya varga -ye cAra kAmaskandha jahA~ hote haiM, vahA~ ve utpanna hote haiN| sAtha hI ve sanmitroM se yukta, jJAtimAna, uccagotrIya, surUpa, nIroga (svastha), mahAprajJa, abhijAta (kulIna), yazasvI aura balavAn hote haiN| ye sabake saba pUrvakRta puNyakarma ke phala haiN|' pApakarmoM se dhanopArjana kA kuphala pApakarmoM se dhana kA upArjana karane vAloM ko unake phala kI cetAvanI dete hue kahA gayA hai-"jo manuSya kubuddhi kA sahArA lekara pApakarmoM (hiMsA, corI, ThagI, DakaitI, beImAnI, anIti, vyabhicAra evaM vezyAkarma, dyUtakarma, kasAI karma Adi) se dhana kamAte haiM; usa pApopArjita dhana ko yahIM chor3akara ve mAnava rAgadveSa ke pAza (jAla) meM phaMsakara tathA aneka jIvoM se vaira bAMdhakara (marakara) naraka meM jAte haiN|" jaise seMdha lagAte hue saMdhi-mukha meM pakar3A gayA pApakArI cora svayaM dvArA kiye gae karma se hI chedA jAtA (daNDita hotA) hai, vaise hI ihaloka aura paraloka meM prANI svakRta karmoM ke kAraNa chedA jAtA (daNDita hotA) hai| kyoMki kRta karmoM kA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hotaa| . visAlisehiM sIlehi jakhA uttr-uttraa|| mahAsukkA va dipaMtA, mannaMtA apuNaccayaM // 14 // appiyA devakAmANaM kaamruuv-viuvvinno| uDDha kappesu ciTuMti, puvvA vAsasayA bahU // 15 // tattha ThiccA jahA ThANaM, jakkhA Aukkhae cuyaa| uti mANusaM joNiM, se dsNge'bhijaayi||16|| khettaM vatthu hiraNNaM ca, pasavo daas-porusN| cattAri kAmakhaMdhANi, tattha se uvavajjai // 17 // mittavaM nAyavaM hoi, uccAgoe ya vnnnnvN| appAyaka mahApatre abhijAe jaso bale // 18 // -uttarAdhyayana, a. 3 gA. 14 se 18 je pAvakammehiM dhaNaM maNussA, samAyayaMtI amaiM gahAya / pahAya te pAsa payaTTie nare, verANubaddhA NarayaM uti / / 2 / / teNe jahA saMdhimuhe gahIe, sakammuNA kiccai paavkaarii| evaM payA! pecca ihaM ca loe, kaDANa kammANa Na mokkha atthi // 3 // -uttarAdhyayana A.4 gA. 2-3 2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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- puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 471 akAmamaraNa se mRta logoM ke lakSaNa aura usakA phala uttarAdhyayana ke paMcama adhyayana meM akAma maraNa se marane vAle logoM ke lakSaNa tathA phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai-jo ajJAnI manuSya kAmabhogoM meM atyAsakta hokara atikrUrakarma karatA hai, vaha bhogAsakta jIva narakAdi kI ora jAtA hai| vaha pratyakSadarzI hokara paraloka ko nahIM mAnatA aura bekhaTake pApakarma karatA rahatA hai| kAmabhogoM meM rata mAnava yahI socatA hai ki dUsare bhogaparAyaNa logoM kI jo gati hogI, vahI merI hogii| isa prakAra dhRSTa bana kara kAmabhogAsakta hokara pApakarma karane se yahA~ aura vahA~ kleza hI pAtA hai| kAmabhogoM ke sAdhanoM ko pAne ke lie vaha trasa evaM sthAvara jIvoM kI sArthaka yA anarthaka hiMsA karatA rahatA hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, mAyA, cugalI, dhUrtatA, ThagI, madya-mAMsa-sevana Adi pApakoM ko apane liye zreyaskara samajhakara karatA hai| phira vaha tana-mana se matta (garviSTha) hokara dhana aura striyoM meM Asakti rakhatA hai| aisA manuSya rAga aura dveSa donoM taraha se karmamala kA saMcaya karatA hai| ina saba pApa kAryoM ke kAraNa aSTavidha karmamala kA saMcaya karake vaha bhogAsakta jIva prANaghAtaka roga se saMtapta hotA hai, apane azubha karmoM kA anuprekSaNa (smaraNa) karake paraloka se atyanta bhayabhIta hone lagatA hai| usakI A~khoM ke sAmane pahale sune hue naraka gati ke bhayaMkara yAtanApUrNa sthAna, tIvra vedanA kA smaraNa karane se roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte haiN| vaha socatA hai-ina narakoM meM utpanna hone kA sthAna hotA hai, jahA~ utpanna hone ke antarmuhUrta ke bAda hI mahAvedanA kA udaya ho jAtA hai, jo nirantara rahatA hai| phira vaha apane kRta karmoM ke anusAra vahA~ jAtA huA pazcAttApa karatA hai|' 1. kAmagiddhe jahA bAle bhisaM kUrAI kubvi||4|| je giddhe kAmabhogesu ege kUDAya gcchii| na me diTTe pare loe, cakkhudiTThA imA rii||5|| hatthAgayA ime kAmA, kAliyA je annaagyaa| * ko jANai pare loe, asthi vA natthi vA punno||6|| jaNeNa saddhiM hokkhAmi ii bAle pgbbhi| kAmabhogANurAeNa kesaM sNpddivjji||7|| tao se daMDaM samAraMbhaI tasesu thAvaresu ya / aTThAe ya aNaTThAe bhUyaggAmaM vihiMsai / / 8 / / hiMse bAle musAvAI mAille pisuNe sddhe| * bhuMjamANe suraM maMsa seyameyaM ti mannai // 9 // kAyasA vayasA mate vitte giddhe ya itthisu| duhao malaM saMciNaI, sisuNAgubba maTTiyaM / / 10 / / suyA me NaraeThANA asIlANaM ca jA gii| bAlA kUra kammANaM pagADhA jattha veyaNA // 12 // -uttarA. a. 5 gAthA 4 se 12. taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #492
472 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) yaha hai:-pApakarmoM kA bhayaMkara pratiphala, jo antima samaya meM manuSya kI A~khoM ke samakSa usake pApa calacitra kI taraha A jAte haiN| sakAmamaraNa se mRta puNyazAlI logoM ke puNya kA phala isase Age sakAma maraNazIla puNyazAlI AtmAoM ke puNya kA phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai- saMyata, jitendriya, nAnAzIlavratAcArI evaM puNyazAlI AtmAoM kA maraNa - atiprasanna aura AghAta rahita hotA hai| jo zraddhAvAn gRhastha zrAvaka sAmAyika sAdhanA ke sabhI aMgoM kA kAyA se AcaraNa karatA hai, donoM pakSoM meM pauSadhavrata karanA nahIM chor3atA, zikSAvratoM kA abhyAsI hai, vaha gRhavAsa meM rahatA huA bhI manuSya zarIra se mukta hokara, devaloka meM jAtA hai| ' kAmabhogoM se anivRtti evaM nivRtti kA phala : naraka-tiryaMca tathA deva-manuSyagati maiMne aisA sunA hai ki jo manuSya janma milane para bhI kAma-bhogoM se nivRtta ( upazAnta yA uparata ) nahIM hotA, usakA AtmArtha yAnI Atmaprayojana (svargAdi) sAparAdha (bhraSTa) ho jAtA hai, kyoMki nyAyayukta mArga ko sunakara (svIkAra karake) bhI bhArI karmavAlA mAnava usase punaH paribhraSTa ho jAtA hai| arthAt-AtmA se jo artha siddha karanA thA, vaha Atmadhana hI sadoSa ho jAtA hai| kintu jo vyakti manuSya janma pAkara kAma - nivRtta ho jAtA hai, usakA AtmArtha (svargAdi) sAparAdha (vinaSTa) nahIM hotA, athavA usakA Atmadhana naSTa nahIM hotA, bigar3atA nahIM / vaha pUtiyukta ( durgandhayukta azuci) audArika zarIra ko chor3akara deva hotA hai| devaloka se cyava kara vaha jIva una manuSyoM (mAnavakuloM) meM utpanna hotA hai, jahA~ zreSTha Rddhi, dyuti, yaza, varNa (prazaMsA) dIrgha Ayu aura pracura (anuttara) sukha hote haiN| adharmiSTha naraka meM aura dharmiSTha devaloka meM utpanna hotA hai "ajJAnI jIva kI ajJAnatA (bAlizatA) ko dekha, vaha adharmiSTha saddharma kA tyAga karake adharma kA aMgIkAra karake naraka meM utpanna hotA hai| isake viparIta dhIra puruSa kI dhIratA ko bhI dekha, vaha dharmiSTha vyakti adharma kA parityAga karake samasta dharmAnuvartI hokara (dharma ke sabhI aMgoM kA AcaraNa karake) devoM meM utpanna hotA hai| '3 9. 2. 3. uttarAdhyayana a. 5 gA. 18,23,24 dekheM - uttarAdhyayana a. 7 gA. 25-26-27 kA bhAvArtha evaM vivecana ( Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara ) pR.121 dekheM - uttarAdhyayana a. 7 gA. 28-29 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #493
puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 473 zarIrAsakta tathA vividha pApakarmoM meM Asakta vyaktiyoM ko duHkhada naraka prApti. "jo manuSya zarIra meM, varNa-rUpa (raMga-rUpa) meM mana-vacana-kAya se Asakta haiM, ve sabhI duHkhada karmoM kI utpatti (bandha) ke kAraNa hote haiM (arthAt ve duHkhada karmaphala pAte ___ "jo manuSya hiMsaka hai, ajJAnI hai, mithyAbhASI hai, luTerA hai, dUsaroM kI dI huI vastu ko bIca meM hI har3apane vAlA hai, cora, mayAvI (Thaga), dekhate-dekhate vastu kA apaharaNa kara letA hai, zaTha aura dhUrta hai; striyoM aura rUpAdi viSayoM meM gRddha (Asakta) hai, madya mAMsa kA upabhoktA hai, zarIra se hRSTapuSTa hai, dUsaroM ko dabAtA-satAtA hai; bakare kI taraha karkara zabda karatA huA mAMsAdi abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana karatA hai, jisakI moTI toMda hai aura raktAdhikya ke kAraNa jisakA zarIra lAla ho rahA hai, aisA vyakti usI prakAra naraka gati meM gamana kI AkAMkSA (pratIkSA) karatA hai, jisa prakAra paripuSTa memanA mehamAna ke Ane kI pratIkSA karatA hai|'' pApakoM ke bhAra se bhArI jIva banate haiM-narakAgArI - karmoM se bhArI bane hue jIva narakagAmI hote haiM, isakA pratipAdana karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM-"jo manuSya kevala vartamAna (nikaTavartI yA preya) ko hI dekhane meM tatpara hai; vaha azana (khAna-pAna), zayana, vAhana (yAna) evaM anya kAmabhogoM ko bhoga kara tathA duHkha se baTorA huA dhana yahIM chor3a jAtA hai, parantu pracura karmaraja saMcita karake koM se bhArI bana jAtA hai, vaha jIva maraNAntakAla meM vaise hI zoka karatA hai, jaise ki mehamAna ke Ane para memanA karatA hai| tatpazcAt vividha prakAra se hiMsA karane vAle jIva AyuSya ke parikSINa hone para jaba zarIra se pRthak (cyuta) hokara jAte haiM, taba ve apane kRta pApakoM ke anusAra vivaza hokara andhakArapUrNa AsurI dizA (naraka) kI ora jAte haiN|" : : ye haiM vividha pApakarmoM-krUrakarmoM ke phala ! pApamayI parasparavirodhI dRSTiyoM kA phala : naraka evaM sarvaduHkha-amukti ___uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke AThaveM adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai ki "jo loga hiMsA Adi pApamayI dRSTi se dUSita haiM, ve manda aura ajJAnI apanI pApapUrNa dRSTiyoM ke kAraNa naraka meM jAte haiN| athavA jo prANivadha kA anumodana karatA hai, vaha kadApi samasta duHkhoM se mukta nahIM ho sktaa|" 1. 2. vahI, a. 6 gA. 12, tathA a. 7 gA. 5-6-7 vahI, a.7 gA. 8-9-10. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #494
474 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) parasparavirodhI Adi doSoM se dUSita dRSTi pApamayI dRSTi hotI hai| brAhmaNa paramparA ke granthoM meM pUrvApara-virodhayukta pApamayI dRSTi isa prakAra hai-eka ora to unakA kahanA hai-'samasta jIvoM kI hiMsA mata kro|' dUsarI ora kahate haiM- 'vibhUtikAmI mAnava vAyavya dizA meM zveta bakare kA vadha kare, tathA brahma ke lie brAhmaNa kA, indra ke lie kSatriya kA evaM maruta ke lie vaizya kA tathA tapa ke lie zUdra kA vadha kre|' ityAdi paraspara virodhI pApamayI dRSTiyA~ haiN|' kAmabhogoM meM Asakti kA phala : asuradevoM tathA raudra tiryacoM meM utpatti ___ kAmabhogoM aura rasoM meM gRddhi kA karmaphala nirUpita karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM-jo sAdhaka vartamAna jIvana ko niyaMtrita (saMyamita) na rakha sakane ke kAraNa samAdhiyoga se bhraSTa ho jAte haiM, ve kAmabhogoM aura rasoM meM Asakta sAdhaka asuradevoM ke nikAya meM athavA raudra tiryaMcayoni meM utpanna hote haiN| vahA~ se nikala kara bhI ve dIrgha kAla taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| bahuta adhika karmoM ke lepa se lipta hone ke kAraNa unheM bodhidharma kA prApta honA atyanta durlabha hotA hai| nidAna se prApta bhogoM meM Asakti kA duSpariNAma : naraka prApti nidAna (Asakti pUrvaka bhoga prArthanA) karane se kyA phalavizeSa prApta hotA hai ? ise samajhAne ke lie cittamuni sambhUti ke jIva cakravartI brahmadatta se kahate haiM-"rAjan ! tumane nidAna se kRta (upArjita) karmoM (jJAnAvaraNIyAdi) kA vizeSa rUpa se (ArtadhyAnapUrvaka) cintana kiyaa| unhIM karmoM ke phalavipAka ke kAraNa (saMyama meM prIti vAle) hama donoM eka dUsare se bichur3a ge|''3 pApakarmiyoM ko naraka aura AryadharmiyoM ko divyagati pApakarmakartA aura Arya dharma ke AcaraNakartA ke ukta karmoM kA phalanirdeza karate hue kahA gayA hai-jo (ekAntakriyAvAdI asatprarUpaka) vyakti pApakarma karate haiM, ve ghora naraka meM jAte haiM, kintu jo manuSya Arya dharma kA AcaraNa karate haiM, ve divyagati ko prApta karate haiN|" 1. (ka) vahI a. 8 gA. 7-8 kA vivecana ( Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR.128 (kha) "mA hiMsyAt srvbhuutaani|" "zvetaM chAgamAlabheta bhUtikAmaH, brahmaNe brAhmaNamAlabheda, indrAya kSatriyaM marudbhyo vaizyaM tapase shuudrm||" 2. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, a.8 gA.14-15/ 3. vahI, a.12 gA.8. 4. vahI, a.18/25. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #495
puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 475 viparIta dRSTi vAle ubhayabhraSTa sAdhakoM kA ubhayaloka bhraSTa viparIta dRSTi vAle sAdhakoM ko ubhayaloka bhraSTa batAte hue kahA gayA hai- jo (dravya sAdhu) uttamArtha (mokSa) ke viSaya meM viparIta dRSTi rakhatA hai, usakI zramaNadharma meM ruci vyartha hai| usake lie na to yaha loka hai, aura na prlok| vaha donoM lokoM ke prayojana se zUnya hone ke kAraNa donoM lokoM se bhraSTa bhikSu cintA se kSINa ho jAtA hai|' corako mRtyu daNDa : azubhakarmoM kA pariNAma maharSi samudrapAla ne eka cora ko vadhya sthAna kI ora se jAte hue dekhakara usake lie ye udgAra nikAle -"aho ! aphasosa hai ! (isake) azubhakarmoM kA yaha pAparUpa ( azubha- duHkhada ) niryANa pariNAma hai|"2 tIrthakara veminAtha kA kathana : prANivadhajanita pApa karma meM zreyaskara nahIM tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi jaba bArAta lekara vivAha ke lie jA rahe the, taba bAr3oM aura piMjaroM meM baMda pazu-pakSiyoM ko dekha aura sArathi se pUchane para unhoMne una jIvoM para karuNA prerita hokara kahA - "yadi mere kAraNa se ina bahuta-se prANiyoM kA vadha hogA to (pApakarma kA kAraka ) yaha paraloka meM mere lie niHzreyaskara (kalyANakara) nahIM hogA / 3 pazuvadha prarUpaka veda aura yajJa: pApakarmoM se rakSA nahIM kara sakate pazuvadhAdi preraka veda aura yajJa pApakarma ke hetu rUpa hone se duHzIla manuSya kI rakSA karane meM asamarthatA batAte hue kahA gayA hai - "sabhI veda pazuvadha-prarUpaka haiM, aura yajJa bhI hiMsA mUlaka hone se pApakarmoM se ve duHzIla kI rakSA nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki karma balavAn hote haiM / '4 vandanA, stuti, anuprekSA, pravacana prabhAvanA, vaiyAvRtya Adi kA suphala uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 29veM adhyayana meM vandanA Adi kA phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai - " vandanA se jIva nIca gotra karma kA kSaya karatA hai, uccagotra karma kA bandha karatA hai| tathA vandanakartA kI AjJA sarvatra abAdhita (grAhya) hotI hai, aura vaha janatA dvArA anukUla (dAkSiNya) bhAva ko prApta karatA hai / " "stava-stutimaMgala se jIva jJAna-darzana- cAritra rUpa bodhi lAbha se sampanna hotA hai| 1. vahI, a-20 / 49. 2 . vahI, a-21/9. 3. vahI, a-22/19. 4. vahI, 25/30.. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #496
476 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) taba yA to vaha sAdhaka antakriyA (mukti) ke yogya yA phira vaimAnika devoM meM utpanna hone yogya ArAdhanA karatA hai|" ___ "anaprekSA se jIva AyaSya karma ke sivAya zeSa sAta karmoM kI gAr3ha bandhana se baddha prakRtiyoM ko zithila bandhana vAlI kara letA hai|" "dharmakathA se jIva karmoM kI nirjarA aura pravacana-prabhAvanA karatA hai| pravacana prabhAvanA karane vAlA jIva bhaviSya meM zubhaphala dAyaka karmoM kA bandha karatA hai|" ___ "vaiyAvRtya se jIva tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma kA upArjana (upalabdha) karatA hai|'' pApakarma ke pravala kAraNabhUta pramAda kA duSphala karmabandha ke prabala kAraNabhUta pramAda ke phala ke viSaya meM AcArAMga meM kahA hai"andhApana, baharApana, gUMgApana, kAnApana, lUlA-laMgar3Apana, kubar3Apana, baunApana, kAlApana, citakabarApana (kuSTa Adi carmaroga) Adi rogoM kI prApti apane pramAda ke kAraNa hotI hai| vaha apane pramAda (karma) ke kAraNa hI nAnA prakAra kI yoniyoM meM jAtA hai aura vividha prakAra ke AghAtoM (vedanAoM) kA anubhava karatA hai| vaha pramAdI puruSa karmasiddhAnta ko nahIM samajhatA huA zArIrika duHkhoM se hata tathA mAnasika duHkhoM se upahata (punaH punaH pIr3ita) hotA huA janma-maraNa ke cakra meM bAra-bAra bhaTakatA hai|" striyoM meM kAmAsakti kA phala ___strI ko bhogasAmagrI mAnakara usake bhoga meM lipta ho jAnA AtmA ke lie kitanA ahitakara/ghAtaka hai, isake jatAne ke lie zAstrakAra kahate haiM-"ye striyA~ Ayatana (dhArmika janoM ke milana kA sthAna) haiM, kintu unakA yaha kathana/dhAraNA duHkha, moha, mRtyu, naraka evaM tiryaMcagati ke lie hotA hai| vastutaH striyA~ bhoga-sAmagrI haiM, unase saMsAra parAjita hai| (viSayabhogoM meM) mUr3ha rahane vAlA manuSya dharma ko nahIM jaantaa| mAyA aura pramAda ke vazIbhUta manuSya bAra-bAra garbha meM AtA (janma-maraNa karatA) hai|''3 "ajJAnI puruSa hiMsAdi krUra karma karatA huA duHkha ko utpanna karatA hai| vaha mUr3ha usI duHkha se udvigna hokara viparIta dazA (sukha ke badale duHkha) ko prApta hotA hai|'' 1. vahI, a. 29/sUtra 10, 14,22,23,43 2. AcArAMga sUtra zru. 1, a.2/u.3/sU.76-77 anuvAda aura vivecana (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR-50-52 3. (ka) AcArAMga sUtra zru.1, a.2, u.4/sU.84 anuvAda aura vivecana (A. pra. sa. vyAvara) pR.56-57 (kha) vahI, 1/3/1 sU.108 pR. 89 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 477 kAmabhogoM meM Asakta logoM ko unake kaTuphala kI cetAvanI dete hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM- "he sAdhako ! vividha kAmabhogoM (viSaya bhogoM) meM Asakta jIvoM ko dekho; jo naraka tiryaJca Adi yAtanA sthAnoM meM paca rahe haiM (unhIM viSayoM meM khIMce jA rahe haiN)| (ve indriya-viSayoM ke vazIbhUta prANI) isa saMsAra-pravAha meM (karmoM ke phalasvarUpa) unhIM sthAnoM kA bAra-bAra sparza karate haiM, (unhIM sthAnoM meM bAra-bAra janma-maraNa karate haiN|) gurukarmA vyaktiyoM kI karuNadazA kA nirUpaNa gurukarmA vyaktiyoM kI karuNadazA kA varNana karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM " kaI gurukarmA loga vividha (daridra, sampanna, madhyavitta Adi) kuloM meM janma lete haiN| (dharmAcaraNa ke yogya bhI hote haiM), kintu rUpa-rasAdi viSayoM meM Asakta hokara aneka prakAra ke zArIrika-mAnasika duHkhoM, saMkaToM evaM upadravoM se tathA bhayaMkara rogoM se AkrAnta (grasta) hone para karuNa vilApa karate haiM; (lekina ve viSayAsakti ko nahIM chor3ate athavA duHkhoM ke AvAsarUpa gRhavAsa ko nahIM chor3ate, yA viSayAsakti para saMyama nahIM karate) aise vyakti duHkhoM ke hetubhUta karmoM se mukta nahIM ho paate|'' svayaMkRta duHkhada pApakarmoM kA kaTuphala svayaMkRta duHkhoM-duHkhada karma phalabhogoM kA varNana karate hue zAstrakAra kahate haiM"apane hI dvArA pUrvakRta karma ke udaya meM Ane para (apane-apane kRtakoM ke) phaloM ko bhogane ke lie ve (mohamUr3ha mAnava) una (vividha) kuloM meM (janma lekara) nimnokta rogoM ke zikAra ho jAte haiM-(1) gaNDamAlA (2) kor3ha (3) rAjayakSmA, (4) apasmAra (mRgI), (5) kANatva, (6) jar3atA (aMgopAMgoM meM zUnyatA), (7) kuNitva (TUTApanA), (8) kubar3Apana, (9) udararoga (jalodara, aphArA, udarazUla Adi), (10) mUka roga (gUgApana),(911) zotharoga (sUjana) (12) bhasmaka roga, (13) kampavAta, (14) pIThasI paMgutA, (15) zlIpara roga (hAthIpagA) aura (16) mdhumeh|"3 zarIra sukha tathA rogopacAra ke lie nAnA prANiyoM ke vadha kA phala AcArAMga sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki aneka rogoM se pIr3ita mAnava una rogoM ke upacAra ke lie aneka prANiyoM kA vadha karatA-karAtA hai| unake rakta, mAMsa, kaleje, haDDI Adi kA apanI zArIrarika cikitsA ke lie vaha upayoga karatA-karAtA hai| 1. vahI, zru.1, a.5 u.1, sU.148-149 anuvAda aura vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara) pR.147-149 2. vahI, zru.1, a.6, u.1,sU.178 anuvAda aura vivecana (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pa.194 3. vahI, zru.1, a.6 u.1 sU.179 anuvAda aura vivecana (A.pra. samiti, byAvara) pR.195-196 . For Personal & Private Use Only

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478 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) parantu prAyaH yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki una prANiyoM kI hiMsAjanya cikitsA karAne para bhI roga nahIM jAtA; kyoMki roga kA mUla kAraNa vividha karma haiM; unakA kSaya yA nirjarA hue binA roga miTegA kaise? isIlie mUla meM kahA gayA hai-"saMsAra meM (karmoM ke kAraNa) jIva bahuta hI duHkhI haiN| (bahuta-se) manuSya kAmabhogoM meM (jijIviSA meM) Asakta haiN| ve isa (nirbala aura niHsAra tathA svataH naSTa hone vAle) zarIra ko sukha dene ke lie anya prANiyoM kA vadha karate haiM, (athavA karmodayavaza aneka bAra vadha ko prApta hote haiN)| vedanA se pIr3ita vaha manuSya bahuta duHkha pAtA hai| isalie vaha ajJAnI (vedanA ke upazamana ke lie) prANiyoM ko kaSTa detA hai, (athavA prANiyoM ko kleza pahu~cAne meM vaha dhRSTa-berahama) ho jAtA hai| ina pUrvokta rogoM ko utpanna hue jAnakara (una rogoM kI vedanA se) Atura manuSya (cikitsA ke lie dUsare prANiyoM ko) paritApa dete haiN| tU (vizuddha viveka dRSTi se) dekha ! ye (prANighAtaka cikitsA vidhiyA~ karmodaya janita rogoM kA zamana karane meM paryApta) samartha nahIM haiN| ataH jIvoM ke lie paritApakArI ina (pApakarmajanaka cikitsA vidhiyoM) se dUra rahanA caahie| yaha (hiMsAmUlaka cikitsA) mahAbhaya rUpa hai|'' dUsaroM ko jisa rUpa meM pIr3ita karatA hai, vaha usI rUpa meM pIr3A bhogatA hai __Age AcArAMga sUtra meM yaha bhI batAyA hai ki dUsaroM ko mArane, satAne, DarAne-dhamakAne, gulAma banAne, jabarana hukma calAne, paritApa dene, apane giraphta meM lene vAle ko usI rUpa meM (arthAt-kRta-karma se rUpa meM) svayaM ko usakA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| kyoMki paramArtha dRSTi se hantA (hanana kartA) aura hantabya (jisakA hanana karanA hai) donoM AtmA kI dRSTi se eka haiN| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki "tumane dUsare jIva ko jisa rUpa meM vedanA dI hai, tumhArI AtmA ko bhI usI rUpa meM vedanA hogI, vedanA bhoganI hogii|" isakA eka bhAvArtha yaha bhI hai ki "tU kisI anya kI hiMsA karanA cAhatA hai, parantu yaha usakI (anya kI) hiMsA nahIM, terI zubha pravRttiyoM kI hiMsA hai| terI hiMsA vRtti eka taraha se Atma (sva-) hiMsA hI hai|''2 bhagavatI sUtra meM isI dRSTikoNa se kahA gayA hai-dUsaroM ke lie samAdhikAraka sukha pradAna meM nimitta vyakti usI prakAra kI samAdhi prApta karatA hai| 1. dekheM-"aTTe se bahudukkhe itibAle pakuvvati / ete roge bahu NaccA AturA pritaave| NAlaM paas| alaM tvetehiN| mhbbhyN| NAtivAdejja kaMcaNaM / '' -AcArAMga zru.1 a.6, u.5, sU.180 kA vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR.196-198 2. dekheM-tumaMsi nAma taM ceva (sacceva) jaM haMtavvaM ti manasi ityAdi mUlapATha tathA vivecn| -AcArAMga, zru.1, a.5, u.5, sU.170 (A. pra. sa. byAvara) pR.182 3. "samAhikArae NaM tameva samAhi pddilbbhi|"-bhgvtii sUtra za.7 u.1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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munidharmI kAmabhogAsakta hokara svayaM ko mahAduHkha sAgara meM dhakelatA hai munidharma ko aMgIkAra karake jo vyakti kAmabhogoM kA sevana karatA hai, indriya viSayoM meM jisakI lolupatA hai, tana-mana meM caMcalatA hai, anya janmoM ke kusaMskAravaza jo prANI pariNAma, apanI zakti, kArya- akAryaviveka ko tilAMjali dekara adUradarzitA apanAtA hai, vaha svayaM janma-maraNa ke mahAduHkha sAgara meM gote khAtA hai| yahI tathya bhagavatI sUtra meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai ki jo duHkhita (karmabaddha) hai, vahI duHkha (karmabandhana kA duHkha rUpa phala) pAtA hai, jo duHkhita (baddha) nahIM hai, vaha duHkha (karmabandha janita duHkharUpa phala) ko nahIM paataa|' puNya AdhAkarmI AhAra sevana kA duSphala bhagavatI sUtra meM AdhAkarmI AhAra sevana kA phala batAte hue kahA gayA haiAdhAkarmI Adi sadoSa AhAra ke sevana se alpAyukarma kA bandha hotA hai| tathA usakA kaTu phala bhI bhoganA par3atA hai| sabhI gatiyoM evaM yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa rUpa phala avazyambhAvI aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 479 AcArAMga sUtra meM karmoM ke vividha phaloM ke kAraNa sabhI gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karane kI avazyambhAvitA pradarzita karate hue kahate haiM-"sthAvara (pRthvIkAya Adi) jIva (karmoM ke kAraNa ) trasa (dvIndriyAdi) ke rUpa meM utpanna ho jAte haiM, isake viparIta sajIva bhI sthAvara jIvoM ke rUpa meM utpanna ho jAte haiN| athavA saMsArI jIva sabhI yoniyoM meM utpanna ho sakate haiN| ajJAnI jIva apane-apane karmoM ke kAraNa pRthaka-pRthaka rUpa meM saMsAra meM sthita haiM athavA ajJAnI jIva apane-apane karmoM ke kAraNa pRthaka-pRthaka rUpa racate haiM / 3 9. guru-sAdharmika zuzrUSA se upArjita puNya kA phala guru aura sAdharmika kI zuzrUSA rUpa puNya kA phala batAte hue uttarAdhyayana meM kahA hai - "guru aura sAdharmikoM kI zuzrUSA se jIva vinaya-pratipatti (vinaya kA prArambha yA - aMgIkAra) ko prApta hotA hai / vinaya - pratipanna vyakti (parivAdAdi rUpa ) AzAtanA se rahita svabhAva vAlA hokara nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva se sambandhita durgati ( duravasthA ) kA nirodha kara detA hai / vinayapratipatti ke cAra aMgoM ( 9) varNazlAghA 2. 3. (ka) dekheM - AcArAMga zru. 1, a. 5, u. 6 kA vivecana pR. 210 (kha) dukkhI dukkheNa phuDe, no adukkhI dukkheNa phuDe / bhagavatI sUtra za. 2 u. 6 sU. 210 AcArAMga zru. 1 a: 9, u. 1 sU.267 / For Personal & Private Use Only - bhagavatI sUtra 7/1

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480 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ( guNaguru vyakti kI prazaMsA) (2) saMjvalana (guNa prakAzana), (3) bhakti (hAtha jor3anA, gurujanoM Adi ko Adara denA, Ane para khar3A honA Adi), (4) bahumAna ( Antarika prIti vizeSa yA vAtsalyavaza mana meM AdarabhAva ) se sampanna hone ke kAraNa vaha deva sambandhI sugati (Ayu) kA bandha karatA hai| zreSThagati aura siddhi kA mArga prazasta (zuddha) karatA hai / vinayapUrvaka sabhI kAryoM ko sAdhatA hai| anya aneka jIvoM ko vinayI banA detA hai / ' doSoM kI AlocanA rUpa puNyopArjana kA phala AlocanA (gurujanoM ke samakSa doSa- prakAzana) rUpa puNya kA phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai-"AlocanA se mokSa-mArga meM vighnakAraka aura ananta saMsAra varddhaka mAyAzalya, nidAnazalya aura mithyAdarzanazalya ko nikAla detA hai aura RjubhAva ko prApta hotA hai| RjutA ( saralatA) ko prApta jIva mAyA rahita hotA hai| ataH vaha strIveda aura napuMsakaveda kA bandha nahIM krtaa| yadi pUrva baddha ho to usakI nirjarA karatA hai|"2 paMcendriya evaM mana ke viSayoM ke prati rAga-dveSa kA pratiphala pAMcoM indriyoM aura mana ke viSayoM ke prati rAga-dveSa kA pratiphala batAte hue kahA gayA hai- " isa prakAra indriyoM aura mana ke jo viSaya rAgI ( rAga-dveSa kartA) manuSya ke lie duHkha ke hetu haiM, ve hI vItarAgI (rAgadveSa rahita) puruSa ke lie kadApi kiMcit mAtra bhI duHkha ke kAraNa nahIM hote| "3 kAmAsakti kA ihalaukika pAralaukika duSphala kAmAsakta manuSyoM ko unase hone vAle duSpariNAma ko batAte hue kahA gayA hai - "jo vyakti kAmaguNoM (zabda-rUpa- rasAdi viSayoM) meM Asakta hai vaha krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, jugupsA, arati, rati, hAsya, bhaya, zoka, puruSaveda, strIveda, napuMsakaveda (kAmavikAra) tathA (harSa-viSAda Adi) vividha bhAvoM (aneka prakAra ke vikAroM) ko aura unase utpanna anya aneka kupariNAmoM ko vaha prApta hotA hai| isake atirikta vaha kAmAsakta vyakti loka meM karuNAspada ( dayanIya), dIna, lajjita aura apriya hotA hai| gItA meM bhI viSayoM kA cintana karane se lekara buddhinAza aura vinAza rUpa phala taka kA isI prakAra varNana milatA hai| " 1. 2. 3. 4. uttarAdhyayana sUtra a.29 sU. 4 / vahI, a.29, sU.5 / uttarAdhyayana, a. 32 gaa.100| (ka) vahI, a. 32 gA.102-103. (kha) dhyAyato viSayAnpuMsaH saMgasteSUpajAyate / For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 481 kandarpI Adi pApa bhAvanAoM se arjita pApakarma kA phala kAndarpI Adi aprazasta pApa-bhAvanAoM kA duSphala batAte hue kahA gayA hai-"jo sAdhaka kandarpa (kAma) kathA karatA hai, aTTahAsapUrvaka haMsatA hai, vyaMgyokti pUrvaka bolatA hai, kAmottejaka upadeza detA hai, kAmabhogoM kI prazaMsA karatA hai, tathA kautkucya (hAsyotpAdaka kuceSTAe~) karatA hai, evaM hAsya, vikathA, zIla aura svabhAva se dUsaroM ko vismita karatA hai yA haMsAtA hai, vaha kAndarpI bhAvanA kA AcaraNa karatA hai|" "jo viSayasukhoM ke lie tathA rasa aura samRddhi ke lie yaMtra, yoga (taMtra), bhUti ( bhasma Adi maMtrita karake dene) kA prayoga karatA hai, vaha AbhiyogI bhAvanA kA AcaraNa karatA hai| jo jJAna kI, kevalajJAnI kI, dharmAcArya kI, saMgha kI tathA sAdhuoM kI nindA (avarNavAda) karatA hai vaha mAyAcArI kilviSikI bhAvanA kA AcaraNa karatA hai| jo satata krodha kI paramparA ko phailAtA - bar3hAtA rahatA hai, tathA jo nimitta ( jyotiSa Adi) vidyA kA prayoga karatA hai, vaha ina kAraNoM se AsurI bhAvanA kA AcaraNa karatA hai| isI prakAra jo zastra prayoga se, viSabhakSaNa se yA pAnI meM DUbakara AtmahatyA karatA hai tathA jo sAdhvAcAraviruddha bhANDa- upakaraNa rakhatA hai, vaha mohI bhAvanA kA AcaraNa karatA huA aneka janmamaraNoM kA bandha karatA hai, tathA unakA kaTuphala prApta karatA hai / " tAtparya yaha hai ki kAndarpI, AsurI, AbhiyogI, kilviSikI aura sammoha - bhAvanA se dvividha mohakarma kA utkaTa bandha hotA hai, aura usakA kaTuphala use AgAmI janmoM meM bhoganA par3atA hai| mUlArAdhanA, pravacanasAroddhAra Adi meM bhI inhIM kubhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa milatA hai| sthAnAMga sUtra meM spaSTa kahA hai ki cAritra ke phala kA nAza (apadhvaMsa) cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - ( 1 ) AsurIbhAvanAjanya AsurabhAva se, (2) abhiyogabhAvanAjanya saMgAt saMjAyate kAmaH kAmAtkrodho'bhijAyate / krodhAd bhavati sammohaH sammohAt smRti vibhramaH / smRtibhraMzAd buddhinAzo, buddhinAzAtpraNazyati // uttarAdhyayana a. 36. gA. 263 se 267 9. 2. (ka) uttarAdhyayana a. 36, gA. 263 se 267, bRhadvRtti patra 709 (kha) mUlArAdhanA 3 / 179, 182, 183,184 (ga) pravacanasAroddhAra gA. 641, 644, 645, 646 vRtti 181, 182 / - gItA 2/62-63 For Personal & Private Use Only

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482 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) AbhiyogI bhAva se, (3) sammohabhAvanAjanya sammohabhAva se aura (4) kilviSabhAvanAjanya kilviSabhAva se| ina cAroM kubhAvanAoM ke pratyeka ke karmabandha ke cAra-cAra kAraNa bhI batAe haiN| arthAt-ina cAra kubhAvanAoM se asurAdi meM janma lene yogya karma kA upArjana karatA hai|' pauNDarIka ke ayogya : cAra prakAra ke puruSa aura unako prApta hone vAlA kaTuphala sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke pINDarIka adhyayana meM pahale, dUsare, tIsare aura cauthe puruSa ko pINDarIka (bhAva-pauNDarIka-ratnatraya tathA adhyAtma sAdhanA meM zreSTha) ke ayogya batAte hue unake pratiphala kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai-prathama puruSa tajjIva-taccharIravAdI, dvitIya puruSa-paMcabhautikavAdI, tRtIya puruSa-IzvarakAraNavAdI aura caturtha puruSaekAnta niyativAdI; ye cAroM hI prakAra ke vyakti bhinna-bhinna buddhi, abhiprAya, zIla (AcAra), dRSTi tathA ruci vAle evaM pRthak-pRthaka Arambha dharmAnuSThAna vAle tathA vividha adhyavasAya (puruSArtha) vAle hote haiN| ye mAtA-pitA Adi gRhasthAzrayI kuTumbI janoM tathA pUrvasaMyogoM ko to chor3a dete haiM, kintu AryamArga (mokSapatha) ko jaba taka prApta nahIM karate, taba taka ve na to isa loka ke rahate haiM aura na hI paraloka ke (arthAt-ve na to isa loka ko sArthaka kara pAte haiM aura na paraloka ko hI) balki bIca meM hI trizaMku kI taraha sAMsArika kAmabhogoM meM grasta hokara nAnAvidha kaSTa pAte haiM, paraloka meM bhI mithyAtva mohanIya karmavaza tIvra rasAnubhAva ke kAraNa tIvra-karmabandha karake usa karma kA tIvra kaTuphala pAte haiN| tIna sthAnaH adharma pakSa, dharmapakSa evaM mizrapakSa sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM kriyA sthAnoM ke sandarbha meM tIna prakAra ke sthAna ke adhikAriyoM ke svarUpa, guNAvaguNa evaM karmaphala kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ve tIna prakAra haiM-(1) adharmapakSa sthAna, (2) dharmapakSa sthAna, aura (3) mizrapakSa sthaan| adharmapakSa sthAna ke adhikArI tathA unakI caryA evaM prakAra adharma pakSa sthAna ke adhikArI ve haiM, jo aThAraha hI pApasthAnoM kA adhikAdhika sevana karate rahate haiN| ve haiM-prAtipathika (rAhagIroM ko lUTane vAle), sannidhachedaka, (cora), girahakaTa, zaukarika (sUara pAlane vAlA), vAguTika (pAradhI), zAkunika (baheliyA), mAtsyika (macchImAra), goghAtaka (kasAI), zvapAlaka (zikArI kutte pAlane vAlA),tathA 1. sthAnAMga. sthA. 4, u. 4 sU. 566 se 570 taka 2. dekheM, sUtrakRtAMga sUtra zru.2, a.1 sU.648 se 666 taka ke mUla evaM vivecana kA sArabhUta aMza, pR.20,25,28,31,43,49. For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 483 zauvAntika (zikArI kuttoM dvArA pazuoM kA zikAra karane vAlA) ityAdi banakara vividha rUpa meM hiMsAdi mahApApa karma karatA hai| isake atirikta jo bAta-bAta meM Aveza meM Akara kisI bhI manuSya yA jIva ko katla kara detA hai, jo jarA-sI bAta meM atyanta kruddha hokara tor3aphor3a kara detA hai, Aga lagA detA hai, daMgA-phasAda kara detA hai, koI bAta-bAta meM asahiSNu banakara apanA svArtha bhaMga hone para sAmane vAle vyakti ke bAlakoM yA pazuoM ke aMgopAMga kATa DAlatA hai, koI anya kisI bhI apamAnAdi ke kAraNa badalA lene ko yA jAna se mAra DAlane ko udyata ho jAtA hai, ye aura isa prakAra ke aneka-vidha mahApApa karma karane vAle adharmapakSIya adhikArI haiN| inake vyavasAya pApamaya hote haiM, isake AcAra-vicAra aura vyavahAra pApamaya hote haiN| ye mAraNa, mohana, uccATana Adi sAvadyavidyAe~ apanAte haiN| unakI caryA aharniza viSayabhoga-lAlasAmayI rahatI hai| aise adharma pakSa ke adhikArI tIna koTi ke vyakti hote haiM-(1) bhoga vilAsamaya jIvana yApana karane hetu tarasane vAle tRSNAndha yA viSaya-sukhabhogAndha vyakti, (2) bhogagrasta adharma ko pAne ke lie tarasane vAle viSaya sukhalolupa gRhastha, aura (3) pravrajita hokara viSaya-sukha sAdhanoM ko pAne ke lie aharniza laalaayit|' adharmapakSIya janoM ke viSaya meM anAryoM evaM AryoM kA abhiprAya - aise pApamaya pravRtti vAle adharmapakSIya logoM ko anArya loga AzritoM kA pAlaka, tathA unakI bhogavilAsamaya jiMdagI dekhakara devatulya yA deva se bhI zreSTha Adi batAte haiN| magara Arya loga unakI vartamAna viSayasukhalolupatA, bhogasukha-magnatA ke pIche hiMsA, jhUTha, phareba, zoSaNa, corI, chala, ThagI Adi mahAn pApoM kA pariNAma dekhakara unheM krUrakarmA, zoSaka, utpIr3aka, dhUrta, viSayabhogoM ke kIr3e, zarIrapoSaka Adi batAte haiN| adharmapakSIya sthAna : kyA, kaisA aura usake pApakarmoM kA ihalaukika pAralaukika phala .. yaha sthAna anArya hai, Arya puruSoM dvArA anAcaraNIya hai, apUrNa hai, nyAyavRtti se rahita hai, pavitratA se rahita hai, duHkhanAzaka mArga nahIM hai, ekAnta mithyA evaM burA hai aadi| sUtrakRtAMga meM isakA vizleSaNa bahuta hI vistAra se diyA gayA hai| ina pApakarmiyoM anAryoM ke karmaphala ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki ye pApakarmoM ke bhAra se dabe hue, atyanta krUra, atyadhika pApakarmoM se yukta, pUrvakRta karmoM se atyanta bhArI, karmapaMka se atimalina, 1. dekheM, sUtrakRtAMga, zru. 2, a. 2, sU. 708 se 710 taka anuvAda, vivecana kA sArabhUta aMza, - pR. 79 se 83 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

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484 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) aneka prANiyoM ke sAtha vaira bAMdhe hue, avizvasanIya, dambhapUrNa, zaThatA-dhUrtatA meM atinipuNa, apayazakAmI, basaprANiyoM ke ghAtaka tathA bhogoM ke daladala meM phaMse hue prANI mara kara rala-prabhAdi naraka bhUmiyoM ko lAMghakara nIce ke narakatala meM jAkara utpanna hote haiN| ........ve nArakIya jIva vahA~ kaThora, vipula, pragAr3ha, karkaza, pracaNDa, durgamya, duHkhada, tIvra duHsaha vedanA bhogate hue apanA samaya (AyuSya) vyatIta karate haiN| ve gurukarmA pApiSTha puruSa eka garbha se dUsare garbha ko, eka janma se dUsare janma ko, eka maraNa se dUsare maraNa ko, eka naraka se dUsare naraka ko prApta karate haiN| ve dakSiNagAmI nairayika kRSNapAkSika tathA bhaviSya meM durlabhabodhi hote haiN| nimnatama naraka bhUmiyoM meM unakI dhRti, mati, nidrA, zruti, rati, bodhi Adi lupta ho jAtI hai| unakA samagra dIrgha jIvana ghora yAtanAoM aura asahya vedanAoM meM hI vyatIta hotA hai|' dvitIya dharmapakSIya sthAnaH adhikArI aura unake guNa dvitIya sthAna dharmapakSa kA hai| isake adhikArI aise vyakti hote haiM jo Arambha-parigraha se virata hote haiM, dhArmika aura dharmAnusAra pravRtti parAyaNa hote haiM, dharma kI hI anujJA dete haiM, dharma ko apanA abhISTa mAnate haiM, dharmapradhAna hote haiM, dharma kI hI carcA karate haiM, dharmajIvI, dharmadarzI, dharmAnurakta, dharmazIla evaM dharmAcaraNa parAyaNa hote haiM, aura dharma se hI apanI jIvikA upArjana karate hue jIvana-yApana karate haiN| ve suzIla, suvratI, sadAnandI, uttama puruSa hote haiN| prANAtipAta se lekara mithyAdarzana taka aThAraha hI pApoM se ve virata hote haiN| snAna-zRMgAra-vibhUSA se dUra rahate haiM, hAthI ghor3A Adi vAhanoM se virata hote haiM, kraya-vikraya, pacana-pAcana, Arambha-samArambha Adi sAvadyakarmoM se AjIvana nivRtta rahate haiN| svarNarajata Adi tathA dhana-dhAnyAdi parigraha se AjIvana nivRtta rahate haiN| tathA parapIDAkArI samasta sAvadha anAryakarmoM se yAvajjIvana dUra rahate aise dhArmika puruSa prAyaH anagAra hote haiM, jo paMcamahAvrata, paMcasamiti, tInagupti jitendriya, brahmacarya guptiyoM ke pAlaka, krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vijetA Adi aneka guNoM se yukta hote haiN| saMkSepa meM ve tapa-saMyama se yukta hote haiN| dharmapakSIya sthAna ke adhikAriyoM ko unake prazasta puNyakarmoM kA prApta hone vAlA aise mahAn puruSoM ke lakSaNoM kA sUtrakRtAMga meM vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| aise kaI pahAn AtmA eka hI bhava (janma) meM saMsAra kA anta (mokSa prApta) kara lete haiN| kaI 1. dekheM, sUtrakatAMga, zru.2, a. 2, sU. 710, pR.79 se 83 taka (Agama prakAzana samiti,vyAvara) 2. dekheM, sUtrakRtAMga zru. 2, a. 2 sU.711, pR. 84-85 (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 485 mahAtmA pUrvakRta karmoM ke zeSa raha jAne se yathAsamaya mRtyu prApta karake kisI devaloka meM devarUpa meM utpanna hote haiN| ve devaloka maharddhika, mahAdyuti vAle, mahAparAkramayukta, mahAyazasvI, mahAn balazAlI, mahA prabhAvazAlI tathA mahAsukhadAyI hote haiN| devaloka ke tamAma sukhabhogoM se ve sampanna hote haiN| ve apane (puNya karma ke phala svarUpa) divya rUpa, varNa, gandha, sparza, divya-saMhanana, divya saMsthAna, tathA divya Rddhi dyuti prabhA, chAyA (kAnti), arcA, teja aura lezyA se dasoM dizAoM ko Alokita karate haiM, camakAte haiN| unakI gati aura sthiti kalyANamayI hotI hai, bhaviSya meM bhI ve bhadraka hone vAle deva banate haiN| unakA zarIra prakAza se jagamagAtA rahatA hai| yaha dvitIya sthAna Arya hai, yAvat samasta duHkhoM ko naSTa karane vAlA mArga hai| tathA ekAnta samyak aura susAdhu (bahuta acchA) mArga hai|' tRtIya mizrasthAnaH adhikArI aura unake guNa tRtIya sthAna-dharmAdharma yA mizra sthAnapakSa hai| isake adhikArI vyakti ve hote haiM, jo alpa icchA vAle (santoSI), alpArambhI aura alpaparigrahI hote haiN| ve dharmAcaraNa karate haiM, dharmAnusAra pravRtti karate haiM, dharma kI anujJA dete haiM, yahA~ taka ki dharmapUrvaka apanI jIvikA calAte haiN| ve suzIla, suvratI, sugamatA se prasanna hone vAle (upazAntakrodhAdi) aura sAdhu (sAdhanAzIla sajjana) hote haiN| - eka ora ve (kisI sthUla yA saMkalpI) prANAtipAta se AjIvana virata hote haiM, dUsarI ora ve, sUkSma tathA ArambhI prANAtipAta se nivRtta hote haiN| isI prakAra mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna aura parigraha se kathaMcit (sthUla rUpa se) nivRtta aura kathaMcit (sUkSmarUpa se) anivRtta hote haiN| ye aura isI prakAra ke kaI anya bodhinAzaka tathA anya prANiyoM ko paritApadAyaka jo sAvadyakarma (narakAdigamana ke kAraNabhUta yaMtrapIr3anAdi karmAdAnarUpa pApavyavasAya kharakarma) haiM, unase nivRtta hote haiM, jabaki katipaya alpasAMvadya karmoM (vyavasAyoM) se ve nivRtta nahIM hote| mizrasthAnaH adhikArI zramaNopAsakoM ke guNa, caryA vrata evaM puNya karma-pratiphala isa mizrasthAna ke adhikArI zramaNopAsaka hote haiM, jo jIva aura ajIva ke rahasya ke jJAtA, puNya-pApa ke rahasya ko upalabdha kiye hue, tathA Amnava, saMvara, vedanA, nirjarA, kriyA, adhikaraNa, baMdha aura mokSa ke jJAna meM kuzala hote haiN| ve zrAvaka asahAya hone para bhI devagaNoM se sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM rkhte| isa prakAra ke anya kaI guNoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| 1. dekheM-sUtrakRtAMga zruH 2, a. 2 , sU. 714 pR. 91 se 96 taka (A. pra. samiti, byAbara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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486 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) saMkSepa meM ve apane vrata, niyama, tapazcaraNa, maryAdA, Adi se AtmA ko bhAvita karate hue jIvana yApana karate haiN| ve apane zrAvaka vratoM kA niraticAra rUpa se pAlana karate hue rogAdi koI bAdhA utpanna hone yA anya koI mAraNAntika upasarga yA kaSTa Ane para bahuta dinoM kA bhakta pratyAkhyAna karate haiN| anazana-saMthArA dhAraNa karake pUrvakRta pApa-doSoM kI AlocanA-pratikramaNa karake nidAna rahita hokara samAdhi pUrvaka dehatyAga karate haiN| yahA~ se dehAnta hone para ve kinhIM viziSTa devalokoM meM devarUpa meM utpanna hote haiN| vahA~ ve mahAna Rddhi, dyuti, yaza, bala, evaM sukha Adi se sampanna hote haiN| yaha tRtIya mizrasthAna Arya, Aryasevita ekAnta samyak aura uttama hai|' isa prakAra ekAnta pApakarma, viziSTa puNyakarma tathA dharma, evaM adhikAMza puNya tathA kiMcit pApakarma ke phala sambandhI varNana se spaSTa hai ki kRta puNya-pApakarma vyartha nahIM jaataa| pRthvIkAyika se lekara vaimAnika devoM taka kA AhAra, utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi : karmoM ke kAraNa sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke AhAra parijJA adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai ki pRthvIkAyika Adi ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, tiryaJca paJcendriya (jalacara, sthalacara, khecara, uraHparisarpa, bhujaparisarpa) manuSya, nAraka evaM deva Adi samasta prANa, bhUta, jIva evaM sattva pUrvakRta karmodaya ke phalasvarUpa nAnA prakAra kI gatiyoM yoniyoM meM utpanna hote haiN| eka hI yoni ke jIva usI yoni meM dUsare rUpa meM utpanna hote haiN| ve apane kiye hue karma ke prabhAva se hI gati, yoni aura sthiti pAte haiN| vahIM ve rahate haiM, vahIM vRddhi pAte haiN| ve zarIra se hI utpanna hote haiM, zarIra meM hI rahate haiM tathA zarIra meM hI bar3hate haiM evaM zarIra se hI AhAra karate haiN| ve apane-apane karma kA hI anusaraNa karate haiN| karma hI usa-usa yoni meM unakI utpatti kA pradhAna nimitta kAraNa hai| karma ke hI phalasvarUpa ve sadaiva bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM ko prApta karate hue janma, jarA, maraNa, roga, saMkaTa Adi duHkhoM ke bhAgI hote samasta saMsArI prANiyoM ko prApta hone vAle janma-jarA-maraNAdirUpa phala isa samagra pATha se spaSTa hai ki vividha karmoM ke vibhinna gatiyoM, yoniyoM, sthitiyoM tathA unhIM meM punaHpunaH utpatti evaM vRddhi ke rUpa meM tathA unameM prApta hone vAle janma, jarA, mRtyu, vyAdhi, saMkaTa Adi duHkhoM ke rUpa meM phala avazya prApta hotA hai| 1. vahI, zru. 2, a. 2, sU. 715, pR. 97 se 99 taka (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) 2. dekheM-sUtrakRtAMga zru. 2, a. 3, sU. 722 se 746 taka kA sArabhUta aMza, vivecana, pR. 108 se 130 taka (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 487 pazuvadha-samarthaka mAMsabhojI brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAne ke pApakarma kA phala . sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke ArdrakIya adhyayana meM pazuvadha-samarthaka mAMsabhojI brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAne kA phala batAte hue pUrvapakSa evaM uttarapakSa prastuta kiyA gayA hai pUrvapakSa-brAhmaNamantavya-"jo puruSa pratidina do hajAra snAtaka brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAtA hai; vaha mahAn puNyapuMja upArjita karake deva banatA hai, yaha veda-vacana hai|" uttarapakSa-Ardrakamuni-kathana-"biDAla jaisI vRtti vAle tathA mAMsAdi sarasa, svAdiSTa bhojana ke liye kSatriyAdi kuloM meM ghUmane vAle do hajAra zIla vihIna (tathAkathita snAtaka) brAhmaNoM ko pratidina bhojana karAne vAlA yajamAna (dAtA) mAMsalubdha prANiyoM se vyApta (pragAr3ha) apratiSThAna nAmaka naraka meM nivAsa karatA hai, jahA~ vaha paramAdhArmika narakapAloM dvArA tIvrayAtanA (pragAr3ha vedanA) bhogatA rahatA hai| dayApradhAna dharma kI nindA aura hiMsApradhAna dharma kI prazaMsA karane vAlA jo nRpa (zAsaka) eka bhI kuzIla vyakti (tathAkathita vipra) ko bhojana karAtA hai, vaha andhakArayukta tAmasa naraka meM jAtA hai, phira (devalokoM) devoM meM jAne kI to bAta hI kahA~ ?" tAtparya yaha hai ki usa yuga meM brAhmaNa yajJa-yAgAdi meM pazubali (pazuvadha) karane kI preraNA dete the aura svayaM bhI mAMsa-bhakSaNa karate the| ve mAMsa bhojana Adi kI prApti ke liye kSatriyAdi kuloM meM ghUmA karate the| AcAra se bhI ve zithila ho gae the| isalie aise dAmbhika brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAne vAle tathA svayaM mAMsabhojana karane-karAne vAle vyakti ko narakagAmI batAyA hai| 1. (ka). siNAyagANaM tu duve sahasse, je bhoyae Nitie maahnnaannN| te puNNakhaMdaM sumaha'ciNittA bhavati devA iti veyvaao| 143 siNAyagANaM tu duve sahasse, je bhoyae Nitie kulaalyaannN| te gacchati loluva-saMpagAr3he tibvAbhitAvI purAkadAbhisevI // 44 // dayA varaM dhamma duguMchamANe, vahAvahaM dhamma psNsmaanne| ega pi je bhoyayaMti asIlaM, Nivo nisaM, jAti, kato surehiM ? // 45 // -sUtrakRtAMga, zru 2, a. 6, sU. 43-44-45 (kha) sUtrakRtAMga-zIlAMka vRtti patra 400 kA sArAMza (ga) dharmadhvajI sadA lubdhazchAdiko lokdmbhkH| vaiDAlavRttikaH jJeyo hiMsaH srvaabhisNdhikH|| ye bakavatino viprAH ye ca maarjaarliNginH| te patantyandhatAmise, tena pApena krmnnaa|| na vAryyapi prayacchettu vaiDAlavRttike dvije| na bakavRttike vipre nAvedavidi dhrmvit|| -manusmRti a. 4, zlo. 95, 97,98 For Personal & Private Use Only

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488 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) 'manusmRti' Adi vaidika dharma granthoM meM bhI vaiDAlavRttika tathA hiMsA-preraka brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAne tathA karane vAle donoM ko narakagAmI batAyA hai| 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM bhI aise kumArga-preraka evaM pazuvadhAdi-prarUpaka brAhmaNoM ko bhojana karAne kA phala narakagati batAyA hai| ' naraka gamana rUpa pApaphala ke cAra kAraNa sthAnAMga sUtra ke caturtha sthAna meM narakagati (Ayu) prApta hone ke cAra kAraNa batAye gaye haiM- (1) mahArambha se, (2) mahAparigraha se, (3) paMcendriya jIvoM ke vadha karane se aura (4) mAMsAhAra karane se| bauddhabhikSuoM dvArA pratipAdita apasiddhAntoM kA sArAMza ArdrakakumAra ke sAtha bauddhabhikSuoM kA saMvAda huA, usameM bauddhabhikSu ne apane cAra apasiddhAnta prastuta karate hue kahA / usakA sArAMza isa prakAra hai-( 1 ) koI vyakti khalI ke piNDa ko puruSa tathA tumbe ko kumAra samajhakara use zUla se bIMdhakara pakAye to prANivadha ke pApa se lipta hotA hai, (2) kintu koI vyakti puruSa ko khalI kA piNDa tathA kumAra ko tumbA samajhakara pakAe to vaha prANivadha ke pApa se lipta nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra (3) koI puruSa manuSya yA bAlaka ko khalI kA piNDa samajhakara pakAye to vaha bhojana pavitra hai aura bauddhabhikSuoM ke lie bhakSya hai, aura (4) isa prakAra (mAMsa) bhojana taiyAra karake jo pratidina do hajAra bhikSuoM ko khilAtA hai, vaha mahAn puNya skandha prApta karake Aropya deva hotA hai|" bauddhabhikSu-nirUpita apasiddhAntoM kA khaNDana Ardraka muni ne ina cAroM apasiddhAntoM kA khaNDana kiyA, usakA sArAMza isa prakAra hai-(1) prANighAta janya AhAra saMyamI bhikSuoM ke lie ayogya hai, jo loga mAMsa kA sevana karate karAte haiM, ve puNya-pApa ko nahIM jAnate hue pApakarma kA arjana karate haiN| tattvajJAna meM nipuNa sAdhu kyA, gRhasthI bhI mAMsa khAne kI icchA nahIM krte| phira aise mAMsabhakSaNa meM doSa na hone kA kathana bhI mithyA hai| (2) prANighAta se pApa nahIM hotA, isa prakAra kahane-sunane vAle abodhi bar3hAte haiM, (3) khalI ke piNDa meM puruSabuddhi yA puruSa meM khalI ke piNDa kI buddhi sambhava hI nahIM hai| aisA kathana bhI AtmavaMcanApUrNa aura asatya 1. tehi bhojitAH kumArga-prarUpaNa-pazuvadhAdAveva karmopacaya- nibandhane'zubhavyApAre pravartante, ityatpravarttana tastadbhojanasya narakagati hetutvameva" - uttarAdhyayana. a. 14 gA. 12 TIkA 2. sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna 4, u. 4, sU. 628 : " cauhiM ThANehiM jIvA neraiyAuyattAe kammaM pagati, taM jahA-mahAraMbhattAe, mahApariggahayAe, paMcidiyavaheNaM, kunnimaahaarennN|" For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya aura pApa ke phala : dharmazAstroM ke Aloka meM 489 hai| (4) pApotpAdaka bhASA kadApi nahIM bolanI cAhie; kyoMki vaha pApakarmabandhajanaka tathA kaTu phaladAyinI hotI hai| (5) do hajAra bhikSuoM ko pUrvokta rIti se jo pratidina mAMsa-bhojana karAtA hai; usake hAtha rakta lipta hote haiM, vaha lokanindha hai, kyoMki mAMsa se bhojana taiyAra hotA hai,-puSTa bher3e ko mArakara namaka-tela Adi ke sAtha pakAkara masAloM ke baghAra dene se, vaha bhI hiMsA janita abhakSya khAdya hai| (6) jo bauddha bhikSuka yaha kahate haiM ki pUrvokta rIti se gRhastha dvArA taiyAra kiyA huA AmiSabhojana karate hue bhI hama pApalipta nahIM hote, ve puNya-pApa ke tattva se anabhijJa, anArya prakRti ke, anAryakarmI, rasalolupI evaM sva-para-vaJcaka haiN| ataH mAMsa hiMsAjanita, raudradhyAna kA hetu, apavitra, nindya, anAryajana-sevita evaM narakagatirUpa ghora phala dene kA kAraNa hai| mAMsabhojI AtmArthI nahIM hotA, vaha AtmadrohI, AtmahantA, aura AtmakalyANadveSI hai| vaha mokSamArga kA to dUra rahA, nItinyAyamArga kA bhI ArAdhaka nahIM hai|' dazavaikAlika sUtra meM karmabandha ke mUla kAraNabhUta kaSAya kA sAmAnyaphala batAte hue kahA gayA hai- krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha, ina cAroM kA nigraha na kiyA jAe to ye punarjanma kI jar3oM ko sIMcate haiN| ____ isa prakAra vibhinna dharmazAstroM meM ullikhita puNya-pApakarmoM ke prApta hone vAle phala ko samajhanA cAhie, aura unase bacane kA prayatna karanA caahie| 1. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra zru. 2, a. 6, sU. 26 se 38 taka mUlapATha va vivecana kA sArAMza, pR. 177 (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) 2. "cattAri ee kasiNA kasAyA, siMcaMti mUlAI punnbbhvss|" . -dazavaikAlika 8/39 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #510
koM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI sukhada-duHkhada phaloM kA mUla srotaH puNya-pApa karma bhAratIya jana-jana ke mana meM yaha dhAraNA baddhamUla hai ki prANimAtra ko sukha aura duHkha ke rUpa meM jo phala milatA hai, usakA mUla srota pUrvakRta puNyakarma aura pApakarma haiN| phira bhale hI ve pUrvakRta karma isa janma meM kiye hue hoM, yA pUrvajanma yA janmoM meM kiye hue hoN| karma hI janma-maraNa kA mUla hai|' pApakarmoM kA duHkhada phala : aneka rUpoM meM milatA hai pApakarmoM ke kAraNa bAra-bAra vividha durgatiyoM aura duryoniyoM meM janma-maraNa kA cakra abAdhagati se calatA hai| una durgatiyoM aura duryoniyoM meM prAyaH durbodhi, durbuddhi, duzcintA, durnIti evaM ajJAnatA tathA andhavizvAsagrastatA se vAstA par3atA hai| Atmacintana, AtmanirIkSaNa, Atmahita, Atma-vizvAsa, AtmA para suzraddhA aura anuprekSA kA koI avasara nahIM milatA, aise andhakArapUrNa jIvana meN| pApoM se paripUrNa jIvana ke kusaMskAra bhI eka janma meM nahIM, anekAneka janmoM meM jAkara badalate haiN| susaMskAroM kA pAtheya pApa-karma ke patha para calane vAle bhAvAndha pathikoM ko nahIM milatA, na hI susaMskAroM aura duvyarsana mukti ke abhyAsa meM unakI ruci aura zraddhA jAgatI hai| upaniSada kI bhASA meM-"unake loka meM jJAnasUrya kA prakAza nahIM hotA, ve ajJAna ke andhatamas se AvRta rahate haiM, ve AtmahantA ho jAte haiM, arthAt-bAra-bAra AtmaguNoM kI, AtmA ke sva-bhAvo kI hatyA karate rahate haiN|" aise pApakarma parAyaNa logoM ko apane karmoM kA duHkhada phala yahA~ bhI kaThora mAnasika evaM kAyika tathA sAmAjika daNDa ke rUpa meM milatA hai aura AgAmI loka yA janma meM bhI kaI gunA duHkha evaM trAsapUrNa daNDa milatA hai| itanA kaThora daNDa milane ke -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 32/7 1. 'kammaM ca jAi-maraNassa mUlaM' 2. asUryA nAma te lokA andhena tmsaa'vRtaaH| tAMste pretyAbhigacchanti ye ke cAtmahano jnaaH|| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #511
karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 491 bAvajUda bhI pApakarmI sudharatA nahIM, bAra-bAra jUA, corI, mAMsAhAra, madyapAna, zikAra, vezyAgamana aura parastrIgamana ityAdi durvyasanoM meM phaMsakara pApakarmoM meM vRddhi karatA rahatA hai| puNyakarmoM ke upArjakoM ko unakA anekavidha sukhada phala evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa bhI prApta hotA hai| isake viparIta puNyakarmoM kA upArjana karane vAle vyaktiyoM ko apane puNyakarmoM kA sukhada phala isa loka meM bhI milatA hai aura AgAmI bhavoM meM bhI / puNyakarmakarttA ko bodhi, subuddhi, nIti-nyAya-pathagAmitA evaM samyakadRSTi bhI milatI hai / susaMskAroM kA pAtheya bhI prApta hotA hai tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa karane kA avasara bhI / tathA pUrvakRta puNyarAzi se prApta mAnavajanma Adi kI upalabdhi ko ve bhoga-vAsanAoM meM apavyaya na karake dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAva, paropakAra, sevA, dayA Adi satkarmoM meM niyojita karake zubhakarmoM kI rAzi meM vRddhi karate haiM, aura yadA-kadA karmoM kA nirjaraNa evaM saMvara bhI karate haiN| duHkhavipAka aura sukhavipAka ke kathAnAyakoM ke jIvana meM kyA vizeSatAe~ aura antara haiM ? yadyapi pApAcArI aura puNyAcArI donoM hI prakAra ke jIvoM ko anekAneka bhavoM meM janma-maraNa kI ghATiyoM se pAra honA par3A hai, aura anta meM jAkara mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSyajanma milane para uttama saMyamAcaraNa se mukti prApta huI hai, parantu pApAcArI ko prAyaH duHkhada aura durbodha ke saMyoga milate rahe haiM, aura puNyAcArI ko sukhada aura subodhi ke saMyoga mile haiM, yahI donoM ke jIvana meM antara rhaa| isI kAraNa eka kA nAma duHkhavipAka aura dUsare kA sukhavipAka rakhA gayA hai| duHkhavipAka meM pApakarmoM ke kAraNa prApta duHkhadAyaka phaloM kA varNana samavAyAMga sUtra ke 12veM samavAya meM ina donoM (duHkhavipAka aura sukhavipAka) sUtroM meM varNita viSayoM kA paricaya dete hue kahA gayA hai - " duHkhavipAkoM (ke 90 adhyayanoM) meM prANAtipAta (hiMsA), asatya, corI, parastrIgamana, mahAtIvrakaSAya, indriya-viSaya- sevana, pramAda, pApaprayoga, aura azubha adhyavasAyoM (pariNAmoM) se saMcita pApakarmoM ke una pAparUpa anubhAgoM - phalavipAkoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai; jinheM narakagati aura vibhinna tiryaJcayoniyoM meM aneka prakAra ke saikar3oM saMkaToM kI paramparAoM se gujarakara bhoganA pdd'aa| vahA~ kI ghATiyA~ pAra karake manuSyabhava meM Ane para bhI una (pApAcArI) jIvoM ko ( pUrvakRta) pApakarmoM ke zeSa rahane se anekAneka pAparUpa azubha For Personal & Private Use Only

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492 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) phala vipAka bhogane par3e haiN| jaise-vadha (daNDa Adi se tAr3ana, vRSaNa-vinAzanapuMsakIkaraNa), nAsikA-kartana, karNa-kartana, oSTha-chedana, aMguSTha chedana, hastakartana, caraNa-chedana, nakha-chedana, jihvA-chedana, aMjanadAha (garma lohe kI salAiyoM se A~kheM phor3anA), kaTAgni-dAha (caTAI lapeTakara jalAnA), hAthI ke pairoM tale kucalavAnA, pharase Adi se zarIra ko phar3avAnA, rassoM se bA~dhakara vRkSa para laTakAnA, trizUla, DaMDA, beMta, laTThI Adi se prahAra karake zarIra ko cUra-cUra karanA, tapatapAte rAMge, zIze evaM tela se zarIra ko abhisiMcita karanA, lohe kI bhaTTI (kumbhI) meM pakAnA, zItakAla meM atyanta ThaMDA pAnI zarIra para DAlanA, kASTha, hAMDI Adi meM paira phaMsAkara majabUtI se bAMdhanA, bhAle Adi zastroM se chedana-bhedana karanA, zarIra kI khAla udher3anA, vastra lapeTakara tana para tela DAlakara donoM hAthoM ko jalAnA, ityAdi atidAruNa, asahya duHkha bhogane par3ate haiN| pApI jIvoM dvArA aneka bhavoM meM bAMdhe hue pApakarmoM ke duHkhada phaloM (vipAkoM) ko bhoge binA ve chUTate nahIM haiM, kyoMki karmoM ke phaloM ko bhoge binA unase chuTakArA nahIM milatA hai| hA~, jinhoMne cittasamAdhirUpa dhairya ke sAtha (samabhAva se phala bhogane hetu) kamara kasa lI hai, unake pApakarmoM kI zuddhi bhI tapa saMyama dvArA ho jAtI hai|'' sukhavipAka meM puNyakarmoM tathA dharmAcaraNa se prApta sukhadAyaka phaloM kA varNana ___aba sukhavipAkoM kA varNana par3hiye-"jo manuSya zIla (brahmacarya yA sadAcAra), saMyama, niyama, guNa (mUlaguNa-uttaraguNa) aura tapa (bAhya evaM Abhyantara) ke anuSThAna meM saMlagna haiM, jo apane AcAra kA bhalIbhAMti pAlana karate haiM, aise suvihita sAdhuoM (sAdhviyoM) ke prati anukampA prayoga (sevAbhakti) karate haiM, unake prati trikAla meM zuddha zraddhA, buddhi rakhate haiM, unheM nirdoSa AhAra-pAnI dete samaya, dene se pUrva aura dene ke pazcAt harSAnubhava karate haiM, unheM atyanta sAvadhAna mana se hitakara, sukhakara, evaM niHzreyaskara uttama zubha pariNAmoM se prayogazuddha (udgamAdi doSoM se rahita) AhArapAnI dete haiM; ve manuSya zreSTha puNyakarma-rAzi kA upArjana karate haiM, bodhilAbha ko prApta hote haiM aura manuSya-nAraka-tiryaJca-deva gatiyoM meM gamanasambandhI aneka (saMsAra) parAvartanoM ko parIta (sImita-alpa) kara dete haiN| tathA jo arati, bhaya, vismaya, zoka aura mithyAtva-rUpa zaila (parvata) se saMkIrNa (saMkaTa) hai, gahana ajJAnAndhakArarUpI kIcar3a se paripUrNa hone se jise pAra karanA atyanta duSkara hai, jisakA cakravAla (jalaparimaNDala) jarA-maraNa-yoni rUpa magaramacchoM se saMkSubdha ho rahA hai, jo anantAnubandhI Adi solaha kaSAyoM rUpI zvApadoM (krUra hiMsaka prANiyoM) se atipracaNDa evaM bhayaMkara hai, aise 1. dekheM-samavAyAMga samavAya 5 sU. 553 meM "duhavivAgesu NaM pANAivAya sohaNaM tassa vAvi hujjA', taka kA mUla pATha aura anuvAda, (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR. 189 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 493 anAdi, ananta isa saMsAra-samudra ko ve kaise-kaise pAra karate haiM ? aura kisa prakAra devagaNoM meM Ayu kA baMdha karate haiM, tathA kisa prakAra suragaNoM ke anupama vimAnotpanna sukhoM kA anubhava karate haiM; tatpazcAt kAlAntara meM vahA~ se cyavakara isI manuSyaloka meM Akara dIrgha Ayu, paripUrNa suDaula zarIra, uttama rUpa, uttama jAti-kula meM janma lekara, kisa prakAra ke Arogya, buddhi-medhA se sampanna hote haiM ? mitra, jJAti, svajana, dhana, dhAnya, vaibhava Adi se sampanna, sArabhUta sukhasampadA ke samUha se samRddha aneka prakAra ke kAmabhoga-janita sukharUpa vipAka (phalabhoga) se prApta uttama sukhoM kI avicchinna paramparA se pUrNa rahate hue bhI una sukhabhogoM ko (anAsaktibhAva se) bhogate haiN| una bhogoM meM ve phaMsate nahIM; tapa saMyama kA mArga apanAkara sarvakarma kSaya karane kA puruSArtha karate haiM, aise puNyazAlI jIvoM kA isa sukhavipAka meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra zubha-azubha karmoM ke bahuvidha vipAkoM (phaloM) kA varNana isa vipAka sUtra meM jinendra bhagavAn ne saMsArI jIvoM ko saMvega utpanna karane hetu kiyA hai|' vipAka sUtra Adi meM vibhinna vyaktiyoM ke pApa-puNya karmoM ke phaloM kA hI lekhAjokhA _ pApa aura puNyakarmoM ke inhIM duHkhadAyaka aura sukhadAyaka vipAkoM (phalabhogoM) kA varNana vipAka sUtra ke atirikta anuttaraupapAtika, nirayAvalikA Adi AgamoM meM bhI una-una vyaktiyoM ke jIvana meM ghaTita ghaTanAoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| AgamoM kI vANI sarvajJa Apta mahApuruSoM kI vANI hai| unakI vANI meM kahIM sandeha, saMzaya, avizvAsa yA aprAmANikatA kI koI guMjAiza nahIM hai| ataH pApakarmoM tathA puNyakarmoM kA kaisA kaisA kaTu-madhuraphala prApta hotA hai, ise AgamoM meM varNita AkhyAnoM ke AdhAra para hama prastuta kara rahe haiN| duHkhavipAka meM pUrvabhava tathA ihabhava meM Acarita pApakarmoM tathA unake phala kA varNana yaha vipAkasUtra kA prathama zrutaskandha duHkhavipAka hai| isameM 10 adhyayana, dasa pApakarmA vyaktiyoM ke nAma para se pratipAdita haiN| sabhI adhyayanoM meM vyakti dvArA pUrvabhava meM Acarita vividha pApakarmoM ke bandha evaM saMcaya kA varNana hai| taduparAnta AgAmI janmoM meM uttarottara unake dvArA kRta pApakarmoM ke kaTu evaM trAsadAyaka phaloM kI prApti kA bhI romAMcaka varNana hai| 1. * dekheM-samavAyAMga, samavAya 5 sU. 554 meM "etto ya suhavivAgesu NaM sIla-saMjama-niyama... ... suhavivAgottamesu aNuvaraya ......... 2. (ka) dekheM, vipAka sUtra kI prastAvanA (upAcArya devendramuni) pR. 12 (kha) 'kammaNAmudao udIraNA vA vivAgo nnaam|' -dhavalA 14/5-6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 495 duSTa evaM pApI garbha ke prabhAva se mRgArAnI bhI rAjA kI apriya, aniSTa evaM anacAhI bana gii| janma huA to pUrvakRta pApakarma ke udaya se andhA, baharA, lUlA-laMgar3A, aura huNDaka saMsthAnI (golamaTola AkRtivAlA) huaa| usake zarIra meM A~kha, kAna, nAka, hAtha-paira Adi avayavoM kA abhAva thA, kevala unake nizAna the| mAtA usake muMha ke khaDDe meM jo bhI AhAra detI vaha rakta aura pIva bana jAtA aura sdd'taa| jisa bhUmigRha meM use rakhA gayA thA, sArA badabU mAratA thaa| usa rudhira aura mavAda kA vamana ho jAtA aura vaha use bhI bhasmaka roga ke kAraNa atyAsaktipUrvaka cATa jAtA thaa| ikkAI ko mRgAputra ke bhava ke bAda bhI lAkhoM bAra janma lenA par3A, sadbodha nahIM milA yaha thA, ikkAI ke bhayaMkara pApakarmoM kA phala! phira use sadabodha kaise milatA? pApaphala atyanta duHkhapUrNa thaa| usake pazcAt bhI sarvajJa tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kahAekendriya se lekara paMcendriya jIvoM, tiryaMcoM aura nArakoM meM lAkhoM bAra janma legA, phira bhI use samyak bodha nahIM milegaa|' anta meM, supratiSThapura meM vaha zreSThi kula meM paidA hogaa| vahA~ vaha sAdhudharma aMgIkAra karake devaloka meM deva hogaa| vahA~ se cyavakara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara tapa saMyama ke prabhAva se siddhi gati ko prApta kregaa| ujjhitaka ke dvArA govaMza ke nAza tathA vezyAgamanAdi kukarmoM kA duHkhada phala ___ isakA dUsarA adhyayana 'ujjhitaka' hai| usake pApa karmoM ke phala-vipAka kI kathA bhI romAMcaka hai| pApakarmaparAyaNa bhIma nAmaka kUTagrAha ke putra rUpa meM eka zizu kA janma huaa| janma se pahale hI usakI mAM utpalA ko aneka prakAra kI madirA ke sAtha pazuoM ke stana, aNDakoSa, pUMcha, thuI, kAna, nAka, jIbha, hoTha Adi aMgoM kA mAMsa pakAkara susaMskRta karake khAne ko dohada utpanna huaa| usake pati ne nagara kI gauzAlA ke pazuoM ke aMgoM ko kATakara surA ke sAtha mAMsa pakAkara khilAyA aura usakA dohada pUrNa kiyaa| janma ke samaya usane bahuta karkaza aura trAsadAyaka cItkAra aura karNakaTu Akrandana kiyA, jisase nagara ke pazu bhayabhIta aura udvigna hokara bhAgane lge| isa kAraNa usakA nAma rakhA gyaa-gotraas| gotrAsa bhI apane pitA ke marane ke bAda kUTagrAha bnaa| vaha pratidina rAtri ke samaya zastrAstra sajjita hokara gomaNDapa meM jAtA aura aneka gau Adi pazuoM ke aMgopAMga kATakara le aataa| aura unakA mAMsa pakAkara madirA ke sAtha pratidina sevana karatA thaa| 1. dekheM, vipAka sUtra zru. 1 a. 1 mRgAputra kA pUrvabhava aura isa bhava kA vRttAnta / For Personal & Private Use Only

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494 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) mRgAputra kA pUrvabhavaH pApakarmalIna ikkAI rAThaur3a isake prathama adhyayana kA nAma mRgAputra hai| mRgAputra apane do janmoM ke pUrva zatadvAranareza kA pratinidhi tathA vijayavardhamAna nAmaka kheTa (kher3A) kA zAsaka ikkAI . rAThaur3a thaa| vaha atyanta pApI, adharmI, pApakarma preraka, adharmaniSTha, adharmAnuyAyI, adharmadarzI, adharmottejaka evaM adharmAcArI thaa| vaha pratyeka dRSTi se bhraSTAcArI aura adhama zAsaka thaa| prajA kA adhika se adhika zoSaNa, utpIr3ana karane aura usase adhikAdhika kara vasUlane, dhana baTorane, niraparAdha prajAjanoM para jhUThe Aropa lagAkara unheM taMga karane meM apanI zAna samajhatA thA / vaha vyAjakhAU aura corI-lUTa Adi karavA kara dhana-saMgraha karane meM tatpara rahatA thA / aharniza pApakarmoM meM hI vaha tallIna rahatA thaa| pApakarmoM kA tAtkAlika phala : solaha asAdhya rogoM kI utpatti, bAda meM narakagati ina pApakarmoM kA use tAtkAlika phala yaha milA ki usI janma meM usake zarIra meM eka sAtha 16 kaSTakara asAdhya evaM bhayaMkara roga utpanna hue| bahuta-se cikitsakoM aura vaidyoM se usane auSadhopacAra krvaayaa| parantu koI bhI cikitsaka usake eka bhI roga ko miTA nahIM skaa| ina rogoM kI pIr3A ke kAraNa vaha hAya-hAya karatA huA kumauta mraa| marakara apane pApakarmoM kA phala bhogane ke lie prathama naraka meM nAraka ke rUpa meM utpanna huaa| mRgAputra ke bhava meM bhI garbha meM Ane se lekara mRtyu taka asahya vyAdhi, pIr3A aura glAni kA duHkha bhogA * sudIrghakAla taka apAra duHkha aura yAtanAe~ bhogane ke pazcAt vaha mRgAgrAma ke nareza vijayakSatriya ke putra ke rUpa meM janmA / nAma rakhA gayA thA - mRgAputra / jaba se vaha apanI mAtA mRgArAnI ke garbha meM AyA, tabhI se rAnI ke zarIra meM asahya pIr3A hone lgii| (ga) vividho nAnAvidho vA pAko vipAkaH / pUrvokta kaSAya-tIvramandAdi bhAvAnavavizeSAdviziSTaH pAko vipAkaH, athavA dravya-kSetra kAla-bhava-bhAvalakSaNa-nimitta bhedajanita- vaizvarUpyo nAnAvidhaH pAko vipAkaH / - sarvArthasiddhiM 8/21/398/3 (gha) vipAkaH puNya-pAparUpakarma-phalaM tapratipAdanaparaM zrutamAgamo vipAkazrutam / vipAkasUtra - abhayadeva vRtti / (Ga) vipacanaM vipAkaH zubhAzubhakarmapariNAma ityarthaH tatpratipAdakaM zrutaM vipAka zrutaM / - nandI, hAribhadrIyAvRtti pR. 105 ajjhayaNAI kallANaphalavivAgAI' ajjhayaNAI pAvaphalavivAgAI vAgarittA siddhe buddhe jAva pahINe / (ca) samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre aMtimarAiyaMsi For Personal & Private Use Only - samavAyAMga samavAya 55.

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496 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) isa prakAra vaha krUrakarmA evaM pApa vidyA nipuNa gotrAsa dIrghakAlika AyuSya pUrNa karake marakara dUsare naraka meM nArakarUpa meM utpanna huaa|' ujjhitaka ke bhava meM mAtA-pitA ke viyoga, tiraskAra tathA apamAna kA duHkha bhoganA par3A naraka kA yAtanApUrNa dIrgha jIvana bitAkara vaha vijayamitra sArthavAha kI patnI subhadrA ke udara se putra rUpa meM jnmaa| ujjhitaka nAma rkhaa| yahA~ bhI pUrvakRta pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa usake pitA-mAtA akAla meM hI kAlakavalita ho ge| unakI mRtyu ke bAda . nagararakSakoM ne usake pitA ke RNadAtA ko usakA ghara sauMpakara ujjhitaka ko ghara se nikAla diyaa| AvArA bhaTakatA huA ujjhitaka kuvyasanoM meM rata rahane lagA tatpazcAt ujjhitaka rAjamArgoM, sAmAnya mArgoM, jUAgharoM, vezyAlayoM, madirAlayoM Adi meM berokaToka AvArA bhaTakane lgaa| vaha niraMkuza evaM svacchandAcArI hokara kucha hI dinoM meM corI, juA, vezyAgamana, aura parastrIgamana meM pUrNataH rata ho gyaa| isake pazcAt eka bAra vaha vANijyagrAma kI prasiddha gaNikA kAmadhvajA para mohita aura Asakta hokara usI ke sAtha viSaya-bhogoM kA upabhoga karatA huA jIvana yApana karane lgaa| vezyAsakta ujjhitaka ko pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa durdazApUrNa mRtyudaNDa milA vahA~ kA rAjA balamitra apanI rAnI ko yonizala se pIr3ita dekha nagaravadhU kAmadhvajA ke yahA~ se ujjhitaka ko nikalavAkara svayaM usake sAtha viSayabhoga bhogane lgaa| ujjhitaka vahA~ se nikalA to sahI, kintu kAmadhvajA para usakI gaharI Asakti ke kAraNa rAtadina usI ko punaH pAne kI dhuna meM rahane lagA aura aisA maukA DhUMDhane lagA, jaba vijayamitra nRpa kI upasthiti usake yahA~ na ho| eka bAra use aisA maukA mila hI gyaa| eka dina balamitra rAjA kAmadhvajA ke yahA~ pahu~cA, usane vahA~ ujjhitaka ko dekhA to krodha se AgababUlA hokara usane usI samaya use giraphtAra karavAyA aura lAThI, mukke, lAtoM aura thappar3oM ke prahAroM se pITa-pITakara usakA kacUmara nikAla diyaa| phira usake donoM hAtha ulaTe bAMdha diye gae aura nAka-kAna kaTavAkara usake gale meM lAla puSpamAlA ddlvaaii| usakA zarIra gerue raMga se potA gyaa| aura use vadhyabhUmi le jAyA jA rahA thaa| ArakSaka usa pApAtmA para pattharoM aura cAbukoM se prahAra kara rahe the| tila-tila karake 1. dekheM, vahI zru. 1 a. 2 meM ujjhitaka ke pUrvabhava tathA ihabhava kA vRttaant| 2. dekheM-vipAkasUtra zru.1 a.2, meM ujjhitaka ke bhava kA vRttAnta aura usake bhaviSya kA kathana For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 497 usakA mAMsa kATA jA rahA thA, aura use hI usa mAMsa ke choTe-choTe Tukar3e khilAye jA rahe the| saikar3oM strI-puruSoM ke sAmane hara caurAhe para phUTA Dhola bajAkara ghoSaNA kI jA rahI thI--'"yaha ujjhitaka pApAtmA apane hI duSkRtyoM ke kAraNa aisI durdazA pUrNa sajA pA rahA hai|" isakA bhaviSya bhI aisA hai vaha mRgAputravat tiryaJca, naraka Adi ke lAkhoM bhavoM meM bhramaNa kregaa| anta meM, campAnagarI meM zreSThikula meM utpanna hokara usI bhava meM anagAradharma grahaNa karegA, phira saudharma devaloka meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se vyavakara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara saMyama pAlana karake siddha-buddha-mukta hogaa| yaha hai - ujjhitaka ke pUrvajanma ke aura isa janma ke pApakarmoM kA bhayaMkara phala jise usako jabarana bhoganA pdd'aa| abhagnasena pUrvabhava meM : nirNaya nAmaka aNDoM tathA madya kA vyApArI evaM sevanakarttA tRtIya adhyayana abhagnasena, cora senApati kA hai| vaha pUrvajanma meM purimatAla nagara meM nirNaya nAma kA aNDoM kA vyApArI thaa| mora, murgI, kauvI Adi jalacara, sthalacara, khecara jIvoM ke aNDoM kA saMgraha karake apane karmacAriyoM dvArA aNDavaNikoM ko muhaiyA karAtA thaa| ve use apanI-apanI dukAnoM meM pakAkara vividha prakAra kI madirA ke sAtha grAhakoM ko khilAte -pilAte the| svayaM nirNaya bhI paMcavidha madyoM ke sAtha aNDe | pakAkara khAtA thaa| abhagnasena ke bhava meM nAgarikoM ko trasta karane tathA kuvyasaniyoM ke pRSTha poSaka banane kA kupathya isa prakAra kA bhayaMkara pApakarma upArjita karake vaha dIrghakAla ke pazcAt marakara sAta sAgaropama sthiti vAlI tRtIya narakabhUmi meM nArakarUpa meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ se AyuSya pUrNa karake vaha usI purimatAla ke bAhara zAlATavI nAmaka corapallI meM vijaya nAmaka cora senApati ke putra ke rUpa meM paidA huaa| usakA nAma abhagnasena rakhA gyaa| pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda ' abhagnasena ko usake 500 cauryasahAyakoM ne cora senApati pada diyA / vaha bhI apane pitA kI taraha mahAadharmI, adharmAcArI evaM mAro, kATo, chedo, bhedo isa prakAra ke udgAra nikAlatA huA aneka grAma-nagaroM kA vinAza karane lgaa| pazuoM kA apaharaNa karane, pathikoM ko lUTane, corI karane, nAgarikoM ko saMtrasta karane meM vaha niSNAta bana gayA thaa| vaha aneka coroM, gaThakaToM, parastrIlampaToM, juAriyoM, ThagoM, nakaToM, lUloM, lagar3oM Adi logoM kA saMrakSaka banA huA thaa| 1. dekheM - vipAkasUtra zru. 1 a. 3 meM abhagnasena ke pUrvabhava aura ihabhava kA vRttAnta For Personal & Private Use Only

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498 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) grAmavAsiyoM kI pukAra para abhagnasena ko vizvAsa meM lekara jIvita pakar3A aura vadhAdeza diyA ___eka bAra bahuta-se grAmoM ke vinAza se saMtapta grAmavAsiyoM ne purimatAla nagara nareza mahAbala se sammilita rUpa se savinaya prArthanA kI-"cora senApati abhagnasena ke dvArA hote hue grAmavinAza ko baMda karavAkara hameM surakSita karane kI kRpA kreN|" ___rAjA ne krodhAviSTa hokara apane daNDanAyaka ko bulAkara corapallI zAlATavI ko naSTabhraSTa karake cora senApati abhagnasena ko jIvita pakar3a lAne kI AjJA dii| parantu daNDanAyaka apane dalabala sahita zastrAstroM se susajjita hokara prasthAna kare, usase pUrva hI apane guptacaroM dvArA patA lagane se cora senApati bhI apane cora sAthiyoM sahita zastrAstra susajjita hokara durgama patha vAle bIhar3a meM chipa gyaa| udhara se daNDanAyaka bhI usakI khoja karatA huA, vahA~ A phuNcaa| donoM daloM meM ghamAsAna yuddha huaa| cora senApati ke vIra sainika isa prakAra se lar3e ki daNDanAyaka dala ke chakke chur3A diye| usake aneka vIra hatAhata ho ge| daNDanAyaka ko hataprabha kara diyaa| daNDanAyaka vahA~ se apanI jAna bacAkara bhaagaa| purimatAla nareza ko apanI hAra kI kathA sunaaii| ___mahAbala nRpa ne sAma, dAma aura bhedanIti apnaaii| cora senApati ko sAmanIti se kUTAkArazAlA meM bulvaayaa| usakA satkAra sammAna kiyaa| use rAjA ke yogya bheMTa dii| khUba khilaayaa-pilaayaa| vaha jaba vizvasta ho gayA to eka dina rAjA ne kauTumbika puruSoM ko bulAkara abhagnasena ko jIvita pakar3a lAne aura bhayaMkara rUpa se vadha karane kA Adeza diyaa| burI taraha se pratAr3ita karate hue zUlI para car3hAyA gayA ___ rAjAjJAnusAra kauTumbika puruSoM ne nagara ke sabhI dvAroM ko baMda karake cora senApati abhagnasena ko jIvita pakar3a kara nareza ke samakSa upasthita kiyaa| phira usake donoM hAtha ulaTe bAMdha diye| aura nagara ke pratyeka caurAhe para use cAbuka Adi ke prahAroM se pratAr3ita karate hue usake zarIra se mAMsa kATa kATa kara use khilAne aura usI kA rudhira nikAlakara use pilAne lge| pahale caurAhe para usake cAcAoM ko usake Age karake mArate haiM, dUsare caurAhe para cAciyoM ko usake sAmane karake, tIsare caurAhe para usake tAuoM ko, cauthe caurAhe para usakI tAiyoM ko, pAMcaveM caurAhe para putroM ko, chaThe caurAhe para putravadhuoM ko, sAtaveM para usake dAmAdoM ko, AThaveM para usakI putriyoM ko, nauveM caurAhe para pautroM va dauhitroM ko, dasaveM para pautriyoM va dauhitriyoM ko, gyArahaveM para 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra zu. 1 a. 3 meM abhagnasena kA vRttAnta, pR. 52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 499 pautriyoM va dauhitriyoM ke patiyoM ko, bArahaveM para pautroM aura dauhitroM kI patniyoM ko, terahaveM para phUphAoM ko, caudahaveM para buAoM ko, pandrahaveM para mausAoM ko, solahaveM para mausiyoM ko, satrahaveM para mAmiyoM ko, aThArahaveM caurAhe para zeSa mitra, jJAti, svajana sambandhI aura parijanoM ko cora-senApati abhagnakumAra ke Age karake mArate haiN| isa prakAra pratAr3ita evaM apamAnita karake sabake sAmane dina meM sUlI para cddh'aayaa| yoM abhagnasena pUrvopArjita pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa narakatulya ghora vedanA anubhava karatA huA marakara prathama naraka meM utpanna huaa|' abhagnasena kA bhaviSya abhagnasena ke bhaviSya ke bAre meM pUchane para bhagavAn ne kahA-prathama naraka se nikala kara vaha mRgAputra ke samAna ananta saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kregaa| yahA~ taka ki vaha pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya aura vAyukAya meM lAkhoM bAra janma-maraNa kregaa| phira vahA~ se nikala kara vArANasI nagarI meM sUara ke rUpa meM utpanna hogaa| eka dina zikArI use mAra ddaaleNge| tatpazcAt vaha vArANasI meM hI zreSThI kula meM utpanna hogaa| bAlyAvasthA pAra karake yuvAvasthA meM Ate hI pravrajita hokara saMyama kI ArAdhanA karake yAvat nirvANapada prApta kregaa| sarva karma mukta hogaa| janma maraNa kA anta kregaa| chaNika ke bhava meM vividha pazuoM ke mA~sa kA pApapUrNa vyApAra karane kA duSphala . cauthA zakaTa nAmaka adhyayana hai| zakaTa pUrvabhava meM chagalapura nagara kA chaNNika nAmaka chAgalika thaa| vaha bakaroM Adi kA mAMsa becakara AjIvikA karane vAlA kasAI thaa| usane kaI bAr3oM meM sau-sau tathA hajAra-hajAra kI saMkhyA meM bakaroM, bhaiMsoM, bailoM, rojhoM, kharagozoM, hiraNoM, mRgazizuoM, sUaroM, siMhoM, mayUroM Adi pazu-pakSiyoM ko bA~dhakara rakhe the| unakI rakhavAlI ke lie usane kaI naukara rakhe the| kaI aise bhI naukara rakhe the, jo bakaroM, mahiSoM Adi ke mAMsoM ko tavoM para tathA kar3AhoM, hAMDoM evaM lohe ke bartanoM meM DAlakara talate, bhUnate aura pakAte the| aura mAMsAhArI grAhakoM ko beca dete the| chaNika svayaM bhI paMcavidha madyoM ke pAna ke sAtha mAMsoM kA sevana-AsvAdana karatA thaa| isa prakAra chaNika ne mAMsAhAra, madyapAna karanA-karAnA apanA kartavya banA liyA thaa| ye hI pApapUrNa pravRttiyA~-(karma) usake jIvana kI pradhAna aMga, mukhya-karma bana gayI thiiN| yahI usakI pApa-vidyA aura pApa-samAcArI bana gaI thii| isa prakAra chaNNika bahuta klezotpAdaka, kAluSyapUrNa evaM atikliSTa pApakarmoM kA upArjana karake 700 varSa kI lambI Ayu bhogakara yathAkAla vahA~ se marakara caturtha naraka meM nAraka rUpa meM utpanna huaa| 1. vahI, a. 3 abhagnasena kA vRttAnta pR. 43-44 For Personal & Private Use Only

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500 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa zakaTa kI durgati caturtha naraka kA AyuSya pUrNa karake vaha sAhaMjanI nagarI meM subhadra sArthavAha kI bhadrA nAmaka patnI kI kukSi se utpanna huaa| usakA nAma rakhA gayA 'shktt'| pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa mAtA-pitA donoM kI mRtyu ho jAne para rAjapuruSoM ne zakaTa ko ghara se nikAla diyaa| aba vaha jUAgharoM, vezyAlayoM, madirAlayoM Adi sthAnoM meM AvArA evaM berokaToka ghUmane lgaa| gaNikA sudarzanA meM Asakti, niSkAsana karane para bhI punaH gAr3hI prIti sAhajanI nagarI kI prasiddha gaNikA sudarzanA ke sAtha usakI gAr3hI prIti ho gaI / usake sAtha kAmabhoga-sevana karatA huA vaha vahIM DerA DAle par3A rahatA thaa| eka bAra siMhagiri rAjA ke amAtya suSeNa ne zakaTa ko sudarzanA gaNikA ke ghara se nikalavA diyA, usa gaNikA ko apanI premikA banAkara suSeNa ne apane ghara meM patnI ke rUpa meM rakha liyA aura usake sAtha kAmabhoga bhogane lgaa| zakaTa bhI rAta-dina isa gaNikA ko pAne kI dhuna meM bAra-bAra usake AvAsagRha ke AsapAsa maMDarAtA rahatA thaa| eka dina maukA pAkara vaha sudarzanA gaNikA ke ghara meM praviSTa ho gayA aura usake sAtha punaH pUrvavat kAmabhoga bhogane lgaa| pApakarma ke kAraNa zakaTa kI durdazApUrNa mRtyu eka dina vastrAlaMkAroM se susajjita hokara suSeNa maMtrI sudarzanA gaNikA ke AvAsagRha para aayaa| Ate hI usane zakaTa ko sudarzanA gaNikA ke sAtha ramaNa karate hue dekhA to ekadama krodhAviSTa ho gayA aura apane puruSoM se zakaTa ko pakar3avAkara DaMDoM, lAThiyoM, beMtoM, mukkoM, lAtoM aura kohaniyoM se use piTavA - piTavAkara usakA kacUmara nikAla diyaa| usake donoM hAtha pITha kI ora bAMdha diye aura rAjA mahaccandra ke samakSa use prastuta kiyaa|" mahaccandra rAjA ne suSeNa maMtrI kI icchA para use daNDa dene kA kAma chor3a diyaa| suSeNa maMtrI ne zakaTa aura sudarzanA gaNikA kA vaisA hI huliyA banavA diyA, jaisA ujjhataka kA banAyA thaa| aura usI prakAra usako aura gaNikA ko pratyeka caurAhe para kor3oM se pITA jAtA, unakA mAMsa kATa-kATakara unheM hI khilAyA jaataa| isa prakAra zakaTa ko apane pUrvopArjita pApakarmoM kA duHkhada phala lohe kI tapatapAtI atigarma strI-pratimA se AliMgana karAne ke rUpa meM milaa| 1. dekheM- duHkhavipAka zru. 1 a. 4 meM zakaTa ke pUrvabhava kA tathA uttarabhava kA vRttAnta pR. 59, 60 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 501 yahA~ se marakara vaha prathama naraka meM nArakarUpa meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ dIrghakAla taka ghora yAtanAe~ bhogakara rAjagRha nagara meM donoM cANDAlakula meM janme / putra kA nAma rakhA zakaTa kumAra aura putrI kA nAma rakhA sudarzanA / zakaTakumAra punaH bahana ke sAtha durAcAra sevana ke pApapUrNa patha para yauvana-avasthA meM yuvaka zakaTakumAra yauvana, rUpa evaM lAvaNya se paripUrNa apanI navayauvanA bahana sudarzanA ke rUpa para mohita hokara usake sAtha hI anAcAra sevana karane lagA / zakaTakumAra kA bhaviSya bhI pApapUrNa zakaTakumAra kA bhaviSya batAte hue zAstrakAra ne kahA - manuSyabhava meM yaha zakaTakumAra kUTagrAha (kapaTapUrvaka jIvoM ko phaMsAkara mArane vAlA), mahAadharmI aura duSpratyAnanda bnegaa| isa prakAra ghora pApakarmoM kA upArjana karake vaha prathama naraka meM nArakarUpa meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se nikala kara ikkAI, ujjhitaka ke samAna zakaTakumAra kA jIva bhI dIrghakAla taka saMsAra - paribhramaNa karegA, yAvat vaha pRthvIkAya Adi meM lAkhoM bAra utpanna hogaa| lAkhoM bhava karane ke pazcAt zakaTa kA bhaviSya ujjvala hogA tadanantara vahA~ se nikalakara vaha vArANasI meM matsya rUpa se utpanna hogaa| eka dina matsyaghAtaka usakA vadha kara ddaaleNge| marakara vaha usI nagarI meM eka zreSThikula meM putra rUpa meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ samyagdarzana prApta karake vaha saMsAra virakta hokara anagAra banegA / cAritra pAlana ke phalasvarUpa vaha saudharma nAmaka prathama devaloka meM deva hogA / vahA~ se cyavakara vaha mahAvideha kSetra meM janma legaa| vahA~ sAdhudharma kA pAlana karake samasta karmoM se mukta, siddha buddha hogA, sarvaduHkhoM kA anta kregaa| yaha hai - zakaTakumAra ke jIvana meM pUrvajanmakRta pApakarmoM ke kaTuphala kA jvalanta udAharaNa ! rAjyazAnti ke lie aneka bAlakoM ke hRdaya ke mAsapiNDa ko homane vAlA mahezvaradatta isake pazcAta paMcama adhyayana bRhaspatidatta kA hai| usake pUrvabhava aura bAda ke bhavoM kA jIvana bhI pApapUrNa rhaa| usake pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta isa prakAra hai- sarvatobhadra nAmaka samRddha nagara ke rAjA jitazatru kA rAja purohita mahezvaradatta thA / vaha atyanta krUrahRdaya thA / vaha rAjya kI zakti (bala) evaM vRddhi ke lie pratidina kSatriya, brAhmaNa, vaizya aura zUdra ke eka-eka 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra zru. 1 a. 4 meM zakaTakumAra kA vRttAnta, pR. 62 For Personal & Private Use Only

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502 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) bAlaka ko pakar3avAtA aura jItejI unake hRdaya se mAMsapiNDa nikalavAtA, phira rAjA ke nimitta unakA zAntihoma kiyA karatA thA / aSTamI aura caturdazI ke dina do-do bAlakoM ke, cAra-cAra mAsa meM cAra-cAra bAlakoM ke tathA prati chaha-chaha mAsa meM ATha-ATha bAlakoM ke, tathA prativarSa solaha-solaha bAlakoM ke hRdayoM ke mAMsapiNDoM ko nikalavAtA, aura unase zAntihoma kiyA karatA thaa| jaba-jaba jitazatru rAjA kA' kisI zatru rAjA ke sAtha yuddha hotA, taba mahezvaradatta purohita brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ke 108 108 bAlakoM ko pakar3avAtA aura unake kalejoM kA mAMsapiNDa nikalavAkara jitazatru rAjA kI vijaya ke nimitta zAntihoma karatA thaa| usake prabhAva se jitazatru rAjA zIghra hI zatru kA vidhvaMsa kara detA yA use bhagA detA thaa| isa prakAra ke krUra karmoM kA anuSThAna karane vAlA, krUra karmoM meM pradhAna, vividha pApakarmoM ko saMcita kara 3 hajAra varSa kA parama AyuSya bhogakara pAMcaveM naraka meM utkRSTa 17 sAgaropama kI sthiti vAle nAraka ke rUpa meM utpanna huaa| bRhaspatidatta ko parastrIgAmitA kA kaTuphala milA tadanantara mahezvaradatta purohita kA vaha pApiSTha jIva paMcama naraka se nikala kara kauzAmbI nagarI meM somadatta purohita kI vasudattA bhAryA kI kukSi se putrarUpa meM utpanna huaa| tatpazcAt putra kA nAma rakhA gayA - bRhaspatidatta / kauzAmbI ke rAjA zatAnIka kA putra udayanakumAra usakA hamajolI mitra thA / ye donoM eka hI samaya meM janme, eka sAtha bar3he aura bAlyakrIr3A bhI sAtha-sAtha karate the| udayana ke antaHpura meM berokaToka praveza tathA padmAvatI devI ke sAtha anucita sambandha zatAnIka rAjA ke dehAvasAna ke pazcAt sabhI rAjyAdhikAriyoM ne milakara udayanakumAra kA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| rAjA banane para udayana nareza ne bRhaspatidatta ko apanA purohita bnaayaa| ataH bRhaspatidatta paurohitya karma karatA huA sabhI sthAnoM, sabhI bhUmikAoM meM tathA antaHpura meM bhI svacchandatApUrvaka berokaToka AvAgamana karane lgaa| aba to usakA itanA hauMsalA bar3ha gayA ki vaha udayananareza ke antaHpura meM samaya-asamaya, kAla-akAla, tathA rAtrikAla aura sandhyAkAla meM svacchandatApUrvaka praveza karane lagA aura dhIre-dhIre padmAvatI devI ke sAtha anucita sambandha kara liyaa| aba to padmAvatI devI ke sAtha vaha berokaToka manuSya sambandhI manacAhe kAmabhoga sevana karatA huA samaya-yApana karane lgaa| 1. dekheM, vahI. zru. 1 a. 5 meM bRhaspatidatta kA pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta, pR. 66 For Personal & Private Use Only

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parastrIgamana ke pApakarma kA ihaloka meM hI duSphala milA eka dina udayana nareza snAnAdi se nivRtta hokara alaMkAroM se vibhUSita hokara padmAvatI devI ke mahala meM aayaa| vahA~ padmAvatI devI ke sAtha bRhaspatidatta purohita ko anAcAra sevana karate dekhaa| dekhate hI krodha se AgababUlA ho gyaa| turaMta hI rAjapuruSoM dvArA pakar3avAkara lAThI, mukkoM, lAtoM Adi se prahArakara usakA kacUmara nikAla diyaa| phira use vadhya-puruSa ke maNDanoM se maNDita kara vadhyabhUmi kI ora le gae aura zUlI para cddh'aayaa| karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 503 bRhaspatidatta kA bhaviSya adhika andhakAramaya, anta meM ujjvala bRhaspatidatta purohita 64 varSa kI Ayu meM isa prakAra mRtyu prApta kara eka sAgaropama kI sthiti vAle prathama naraka meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ se nikalakara vaha kramazaH sabhI narakoM meM, sabhI tiryaMca jIvoM meM tathA ekendriya jIvoM meM lAkhoM bAra janma-maraNa kregaa| tatpazcAt hastinApura meM mRga ke rUpa meM janma legA / vahA~ vaha pAradhiyoM dvArA mArA jaaegaa| aura isI hastinApura meM zreSThiputra ke rUpa meM janma legA / yathAsamaya samyaktva prApta kregaa| vahA~ se marakara vaha saudharma nAmaka prathama devaloka meM utpanna hogA / phira vahA~ se vyavakara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma legA / vahA~ anagAra vRtti dhAraNa kara saMyama kI zuddha ArAdhanA karake sarvakarmoM kA anta karegA, siddha-buddha-yukta hogA / ' chaThA adhyayana : nandivarddhana kA pUrvabhava : duryodhana cArakapAla ke rUpa meM isake chaThe adhyayana kA nAma nandivarddhana hai| isakA pUrvabhava kA jIvana bhI pApakarmoM se paripUrNa thaa| siMhapura nagara nareza siMharatha ke rAjya meM duryodhana nAmaka mahApApI krUrakarmA evaM adharmiSTha cArakapAla ( jelara ) yA daNDanAyaka thaa| use aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa dene kA kArya sauMpA gayA thaa| rAjya kI ora se use daNDa dene ke eka se eka bar3hakara kaThora evaM tIkSNa sAdhana evaM zastrAstra mile hue the| duryodhana daNDanAyaka rAjya ke aneka coroM, parastrIgAmiyoM, girahakaToM, rAjA ke zatruoM, RNa lekara vApasa na dene vAloM, zizughAtakoM, vizvAsaghAtakoM, juAriyoM evaM dhUrta puruSoM ko rAjapuruSoM dvArA pakar3avAkara kaThora daNDa detA thA / duryodhana cArakapAla dvArA kiyA gayA atyAcAra pApakarma paripUrNa kitanoM ko Urdhvamukha (citta) girAtA aura lohe ke DaMDe se unakA mukha kholakara khaulatA huA tAMbe kA rasa pilAtA, kaiyoM ko rAMgA, zIzA, cUrNAdi mizrita jala, athavA 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra zru. 1, a-5 meM vRhaspatidatta kA varNana pR. 68, 69 For Personal & Private Use Only

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504 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kalakala karatA huA atyuSNa jala yA kSArayukta tela pilAtA; kitanoM kA inhIM cIjoM ko atyanta garma karavAkara abhiSeka karAtA / kaiyoM ko citta girAkara ghor3e kA mUtra, hAthI kA mUtra, yAvat bher3oM kA pezAba pilAtA / kaiyoM ko adhomukha girAkara vamana karAtA, tathA inhIM cIjoM ko khilA-pilAkara kaSTa detA / kitane hI aparAdhiyoM ko hathakar3iyoM, ber3iyoM Adi se bandhanabaddha karAtA, kaiyoM ke zarIra ko sikor3atA, maror3atA, kaiyoM ko sAMkaloM se bAMdhatA, kaiyoM ke hAtha kATa DAlatA, yAvat unake aMgopAMgoM ko zastroM se cIratA - phAr3atA thA / kitanoM ko beMtoM, yAvat cAbukoM se piTavAtA / kaI aparAdhiyoM ko Urdhvamukha girAkara unakI chAtI para zilA yA bhArI lakkar3a rakhavAkara Upara-nIce karavAtA aura isa taraha unakI haDDiyA~ cUra-cUra kara detaa| kitanoM ko camar3e ke tathA sUta ke rassoM se hAthoM, pairoM ko baMdhavAtA, phira unheM ku~e meM ulTe laTakavAtA, pAnI meM gote khilavAtA / kaI aparAdhiyoM ke aMgopAMga talavAroM, churoM Adi se chidavAkara una para kSAramizrita telamardana krvaataa| kaI aparAdhiyoM ke lalATa, kaNThamaNi, kohanI, ghuTanoM, gaTToM Adi meM lohe kI kIleM yA bAMsa kI salAiyA~ ThukavAtA aura bicchU ke kAMToM ko zarIra para lagavAtA / kaiyoM ke hAtha kI aMguliyoM tathA paira kI aMguliyoM meM mudgaroM dvArA sUiyA~ cubhavAtA tathA dAgane ke zastravizeSoM ko praviSTa karAtA aura unase jamIna khudvaataa| kaI aparAdhiyoM ke aMga zastroM evaM neharanoM se chilavAtA tathA jar3asahita yA jar3arahita kuzAoM se yA gIle camar3oM se unake zarIra kasakara baMdhavAtA, phira unheM dhUpa meM liTAkara unake sUkhane para tar3atar3a zabdapUrvaka unakA utpATana krvaataa|' duryodhana ke pApa karmoM kA duHkhada phala : chaThI narakabhUmi meM janma isa prakAra duryodhana cArakapAla isa prakAra kI krUratApUrNa pravRttiyoM ko apanI karma, vidyA evaM AcAra banAkara atyadhika pApakarmoM kA upArjana karake 3100 varSa kA parama AyuSya bhogakara utkRSTa 22 sAgaropama kI sthitivAle chaThe naraka meM nArakarUpa meM paidA huaa| nandISeNa bhava meM bhI pitRvadha karake svayaM rAjA banane kA SaDyantra racA phira vaha chaThe naraka se nikalakara mathurAnagarI ke zrIdAma rAjA kI rAnI bandhuzrI 1. Age isa kathAnaka meM usakA nAma nandISeNa likhA gayA hai; tattva kevaligamyam / 2. dekheM, vipAkasUtra zru. 1 a. 6 meM pApAcArI duryodhana ke dvArA Acarita krUrakarmoM kA vRttAnta pR. 72, 73, 74, 75 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 505 devI kI kukSi se putrarUpa meM utpanna huaa| usakA nAma rakhA gayA nandISeNa / bAlyAvasthA pAra karake jaba usane yauvanavaya meM padArpaNa kiyA to use yuvarAja-pada se alaMkRta kiyaa| eka bAra usake mana meM apane pitA zrIdAma nRpa ko mArakara svayaM rAjA banane kI havasa jaagii| usane rAjA ke paramavizvasta citra nAmaka nAI ko bulAkara kahA- rAjA kA kSaurakarma karate samaya agara unakI gardana meM ustarA ghuser3a kara unakA kAma tamAma kara doge to tumheM maiM AdhA rAjya de duuNgaa| phira tuma utkRSTa kAmabhogoM kA upabhoga karate hue caina kI baMsI bjaanaa| citra nAI ne yuvarAja kA prastAva svIkAra kara liyaa| kucha samaya pazcAt citra nAI ke mana meM aisA vicAra utpanna huaa| rAjA ko vizvasta sUtroM se isa SaDyaMtra kA patA laga gayA to mujhe burI mauta maareNge| ataH bhayabhIta hokara ekAnta meM rAjA se sArI bAteM savinaya kaha diiN| zrIdAma nareza ne yuvarAja kA atyanta garma rasoM se rAjyAbhiSeka karavAkara maravA DAlA zrIdAma nareza ne isa para vicAra karake apane anucaroM dvArA nandISeNa ko giraphtAra karavAyA aura rAjyAbhiSeka karAne kI ghoSaNA krvaaii| eka vizAla cauka meM agni ke samAna tape hue lohe ke siMhAsana para use bitthaayaa| cAroM ora nara-nAriyoM ke jhuMDa ke jhuMDa darzaka ke rUpa meM khar3e the| phira rAjA ke Adeza se nandISeNa para kisI rAjapuruSa ne garmAgarma lohe ke rasa se paripUrNa, kisI ne garma tAMbe, rAMge, zIze ke rasa se evaM atyuSNa jala se paripUrNa, tathA kSArayukta jala se paripUrNa Aga ke samAna tape hue kalazoM se usake mastaka para garma rasa ur3elakara rAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| tadanantara kisI ne lohe kI saMDAsI se pakar3akara agni ke samAna tapatapAte lohe ke aThAraha lar3iyoM vAlA hAra, nau lar3iyoM vAlA ardhahAra tathA tIna lar3iyoM vAlA hAra pahanAe / kisI ne lohe kI garmAgarma lambI mAlA tathA kisI ne karadhanI phnaaii| kisI ne mastaka ke paTTavastra athavA AbhUSaNavizeSa evaM kisI ne mukuTa phnaayaa| isa prakAra nandISeNa ne apane pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa yahIM mahAbhayaMkara yAtanA bhogakara tar3aphate hue prANatyAga kiyaa| nadISeNa kA andhakArapUrNa bhaviSya, anta meM ujjvala banegA isake bhaviSya ke viSaya meM bhagavAn ne batAyA- isa prakAra nandISeNa (nandIvarddhana ) kumAra 60 varSa kI parama Ayu bhogakara yahA~ se marakara prathama naraka bhUmi meM utpanna hogA / vahAM se nikala kara mRgAputra ke samAna yAvat pRthvIkAyika Adi jIvoM meM lAkhoM bAra utpanna hogaa| phira hastinApura meM eka maccha ke rUpa meM utpanna hogA, macchImAroM dvArA vadha For Personal & Private Use Only

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506 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) kiye jAne para vaha isI hastinApura meM zreSThikula meM putrarUpa meM utpanna hogA aura samyaktva prApta karegA, kAladharma pAkara saudharma svarga meM deva bnegaa| vahAM se mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara saMyama grahaNa kregaa| utkRSTa saMyama ke prabhAva se vaha siddha-buddha evaM sarvakarma-mukta hogA yAvat saba duHkhoM kA anta karegA / ' umbaradatta : pUrvabhava meM dhanvantarI nAmaka kuzala rAjavaidya isake pazcAt saptama adhyayana umbaradatta kA hai| umbaradatta pUrvabhava meM vijayapura - nareza kanakaratha kA dhanvantarI nAmaka rAjavaidya thA / vaha kaumArabhRtya, zAlAkya, zAlyahatya, kAyacikitsA, jAMgula, bhUta vidyA, rasAyana evaM bAjIkaraNa, ina Ayurveda ke AThoM aMgoM kA jJAtA thaa| sAtha hI vaha cikitsA meM zivahasta, zubhahasta evaM laghu-hastathA / dhanvantarI rAjavaidya dvArA rogiyoM ko vividha mAMsa khAne kA parAmarzarUpa pApakarma vaha dhanvantarI vaidya jhauMpar3I se lekara mahaloM taka meM rahane vAle garIba, amIra, sanAtha-anAtha, sabhI rogiyoM kI cikitsA karane se lokapriya ho gayA / kintu vaha kaI rogiyoM ko anupAna meM matsya mAMsa khAne kA, kitanoM ko kachue ke mAMsa khAne kA, kaiyoM ko grAha, magara Adi jalacaroM ke mAMsa khAne kA, kaiyoM ko suMsumAroM ke mAMsa kA tathA kaiyoM ko bakare Adi ke mAMsa khAne kA evaM prAyaH bher3oM, gavayoM, gAyoM, bhaiMsoM, sUaroM, mRgoM, kharagozoM Adi ke mAMsa khAne kA upadeza evaM parAmarza detA thaa| isI prakAra kaI rogiyoM ko anupAna meM tittaroM, baTeroM, lAvakoM, kabUtaroM, murgoM evaM moroM tathA isI bhAMti bahuta-se jalacaroM, sthalacaroM, khecaroM Adi ke mAMsa khAne kA upadeza- parAmarza detA thA / itanA hI nahIM, dhanvantarI vaidya svayaM bhI anekavidha matsya -mAMsoM, mayUra -mAMsoM tathA anya bahuta-se jalacara, khecara evaM sthalacara jIvoM ke mAMsoM se, tathA matsyarasoM evaM mayUrarasoM meM pakAye hue, tale hue, tathA bhune hue mAMsoM ke sAtha pAMca prakAra ke madyoM kA AsvAdana, visvAdana evaM paribhAjana karatA (bAMTatA) huA evaM bAra-bAra upabhoga karatA huA jIvanayApana karatA thaa| 1. dekheM, vahI nandISeNa (nandIvardhana) ke pUrvabhavAcarita pApakarmoM tathA isa bhava meM pitRvadha karane ke pApakarma kA phala, pR. 76, 77 2. dekheM, vahI, zru. 1, a. 7, meM umbaradatta ke pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta : dhanvantarI rAjavaidya ke rUpa meM, pR. 81 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 507 pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa chaThI naraka meM isa prakAra dhanvantarI vaidya inhIM pApa karmoM ko apane jIvana kA AcaraNa, , vidyA aura aMga mAna kara upArjita karake 3200 varSa kI parama Ayu ko bhogakara yahA~ se kAla karake utkRSTa 22 sAgaropama kI sthiti vAlI chaThI narakabhUmi meM nArakarUpa se utpanna huaa| umbaradatta kI mAM ko madyapAna ke sAtha bhojana karane kA dohada utpanna huA vahA~ se nikalakara dhanvantarI vaidya kA jIva pATalikhaNDa nagara ke sAgaradatta sArthavAha kI patnI gaMgadattA kI kukSi meM putrarUpa meM garbha meM aayaa| lagabhaga tIna mahIne ke bAda eka vicitra dohada utpanna huA ki "aneka mahilAoM ke sAtha maiM puSkariNI meM snAna karUM, phira maMgala kArya sampanna karake una mahilAoM ke sAtha vipula azana, pAna, khAdima, svAdima tathA surA Adi madirAoM ke pAna kA AsvAdana - visvAdana Adi karU~ / " kisI dina sAgaradatta sArthavAha se AjJA lekara gaMgadattA ne pUrvokta prakAra se apanA dohada pUrNa kiyA aura vApasa ghara lauttii| umbaradatta ke mAM-bApa marane se use ghara se nikAla diyA gayA nau mAsa paripUrNa hone para gaMgadattA ne eka putra ko janma diyaa| cUMki yaha bAlaka umbaradatta yakSa kI mAnyatA se huA thA, isalie isakA nAma bhI 'umbaradatta' rakhA gyaa| magara durbhAgya se pUrvopArjita pApakarmavaza umbaradatta ke pitA aura mAtA kA bacapana meM hI viyoga ho gyaa| umbaradatta ko rAjapuruSoM ne ujjhitakumAra kI taraha ghara se nikAla diyA aura vaha ghara kisI anya ko sauMpa diyaa| umbaradatta ke zarIra meM bhayaMkara 16 asAdhya rogoM kI utpatti phira pUrvajanma meM upArjita ghora pApakarmoM ke phala ke rUpa meM umbaradatta ke zarIra meM kAsa, zvAsa, kor3ha Adi solaha prakAra ke asAdhya roga utpanna hue| ina rogoM ke duSprabhAva se usake sAre zarIra meM khujalI ho gaI thI, hAtha, paira aura mu~ha sUja gae the| babAsIra aura bhagaMdara roga bhI laga gae the| hAtha-paira kI aMguliyAM sar3a gaI thIM, nAka aura kAna bhI gala gae the| galita kuSTha roga ke kAraNa ghAvoM tathA phor3oM se rakta aura pIva jhara rahA thaa| vaha bAra-bAra rakta, pIva aura kIr3oM ke kauroM ko thUkatA evaM vamana karatA thaa| bAra-bAra isa kaSTa, pIr3A aura duHkha se karAhatA thaa| usake pIche makkhiyoM ke jhuMDa ke jhuMDa maMDarAte the| vaha atyanta phaTehAla, thigalI vAle cithar3e tathA bikhare hue asta-vyasta bAla lie tathA For Personal & Private Use Only

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508 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) hAtha meM eka ThIkarA lie ghara-ghara bhIkha mAMgatA rahatA thaa| isa prakAra ghora kaSTapUrNa jIvana-yApana kara rahA thaa| umbaradatta kA andhakArapUrNa evaM anta meM ujjvala bhaviSya usake bhaviSya ke viSaya meM pUchane para bhagavAn ne kahA-yaha umbaradatta 72 varSa kA parama AyuSya bhogakara yathAsamaya marakara prathama naraka meM nAraka rUpa se utpanna hogaa| phira vahA~ se nikala kara pRthvIkAyika Adi jIvoM meM lAkhoM bAra utpanna hogaa| tatpazcAt vaha hastinApura meM murge ke rUpa meM utpanna hogaa| vahIM kI durAcArI maNDalI dvArA mArA jAkara vaha punaH hastinApura meM hI eka zreSThi-kula meM janma legaa| vahA~ samyaktva prApta kregaa| vahA~ se marakara saudharma nAmaka prathama devaloka meM janma legaa| vahA~ se cyavakara vaha mahAvidehakSetra meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ anagAradharma kI yathAvidhi ArAdhanA karake samasta karmo kA kSaya karake siddha-buddha hogA, yAvat sarvaduHkhoM kA anta kregaa| AThavA~ adhyayana : zaurikadatta ke pUrvabhava kA paricaya zrIda rasoiye ke rUpa meM isake anantara AThaveM adhyayana meM zaurikadatta kA jIvana vRtta hai| pUrvabhava meM vaha nandipura nagara ke 'mitra' nAmaka rAjA kA zrIda yA zrIyaka nAmaka rasoiyA thaa| vaha mahApApI yAvat krUra thaa| usake vetanabhogI macchImAra, vyAdha tathA bahelie Adi (pakSighAtaka) naukara komala camar3e vAlI machaliyoM yAvat patAkAtipatAko (matsyavizeSoM) tathA bakaroM, bhaiMsoM Adi pazuoM evaM tItara, baTera, mayUra Adi sthalacara jAnavaroM kA vadha karake use (rasoiye ko) dete the| anya bahuta-se tItara, mora Adi pakSI bhI usake piMjaroM meM baMda rahate the| zrIda rasoiye ke kaI vaitanika naukara aneka mUyara, tItara Adi jIvita pakSiyoM ke paMkha ukhAr3akara use dete the| zrIda rasoiye kA mAMsakhaNDoM ko saMskArita karane kA krUratApUrNa karma tatpazcAt vaha zrIda rasoiyA una aneka jalacara, sthalacara evaM khecara jIvoM ke mAMsa ke atyanta choTe, gola, lambe tathA choTe-choTe Tukar3e (khaNDa) kiyA karatA thaa| phira una Tukar3oM meM kaI Tukar3oM ko barpha se pakAtA thaa| kaiyoM ko alaga rakha detA, jisase ve svataH paka jAte the| kitane hI mAMsakhaNDoM ko dhUpa kI garmI tathA havA se pakAtA thaa| phira kaI mAMsakhaNDoM ko kAle aura kaiyoM ko lAla raMga ke kara diyA karatA thaa| phira vaha kaI mAMsakhaNDoM ko chAcha se saMskArita, kaiyoM ko A~valoM ke rasa se bhAvita kiyA karatA thaa| tadanantara kitane hI mAMsa khaNDoM ko tela meM talatA, kaiyoM ko Aga meM bhUnatA tathA kaI mAMsa ke Tukar3oM ko lohe ke zUla meM pirokara pakAtA thaa| 1. dekheM, vipAka sUtra zru. 1 a. 7 meM umbaradatta ke pUrvabhava aura vartamAnabhava kA vRttAnta pR. 81, 87, 88 For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 509 isa prakAra vaha matsyamAMsoM, mRgamAMsoM, tathA tittiramAMsoM ke rUpoM ko yAvat mayUra mAMsoM ke rasoM ko evaM anya bahuta se hare sAgoM ko taiyAra karatA thA / phira vaha rAjA mitra ke bhojanamaNDapa meM le jAkara bhojana ke samaya use parosatA thA / zrIda rasoiyA svayaM bhI aneka jalacara, sthalacara evaM khecara jIvoM ke mAMsoM, rasoM tathA hare sAgoM ke sAtha, jo ki hue, bhune hue tathA zUlapakva hote the, chaha prakAra kI surA Adi ke sAtha AsvAdanavisvAdana Adi karatA huA kAla-yApana karatA thA / ina pApakarmoM kA duHkhada phala : chaThI naraka bhUmi meM janma inhIM pApakarmoM ko karane meM racA-pacA, tathA inhIM karmoM meM pAraMgata evaM unhIM karmoM ko pradhAnatA dene vAlA zrIda rasoiyA atyadhika pApakarmoM kA bandha karake 3300 varSa kI parama Ayu bhogakara chaThI narakabhUmi meM utpanna huaa|' macchImAra samudradatta ke putra ke rUpa meM janma, yauvana meM pitRviyoga vahA~ se nikalakara zrI rasoiye kA jIva zaurikapura ke bAhara IzAnakoNa meM sthita macchImAroM ke pAr3e (mohalle) ke nivAsI mahAadharmI yAvat duSpratyAnanda samudradatta kI patnI samudradattA ke garbha meM aayaa| samudradattA mRtavatsA thI, isalie zaurikayakSa kI manautI kii| phalata: drohada utpanna huA / usakI pUrti karane ke bAda putra ko janma diyaa| nAma rakhA gayA zaurikadatta / bAlyAvasthA pAra karake zaurikadatta ne yauvana meM padArpaNa kiyaa| durbhAgya se eka dina akasmAt usake pitA kA viyoga ho gyaa| usake pazcAt vaha svayaM macchImAroM kA mukhiyA bana gyaa| zaurikadatta vividha matsyoM ke mAMsa kA vyApArI banA mahApApI evaM krUra zaurikadatta macchImAra ne apane kArya ke lie aneka vetanabhogI naukara rakhe, jo choTI naukAoM dvArA yamunA nadI meM praveza karate aura ghUmate phira usameM se nikalane vAle jalAzayoM (jhIla yA hada) meM machalI Adi jala jantuoM ko pakar3ane ke lie bhramaNa karate, sarovaroM meM se jala ko nikAlate, kabhI thUhara Adi kA dUdha DAlakara jala hit dUSita karate tathA jala kA vilor3ana karate, jisase machalI Adi jIva sthAna -bhraSTa evaM bhayabhIta ho jAte aura AsAnI se pakar3e jA sakate the| komala matsyoM yAvat patAkAtipatAka matsyavizeSoM ko prapaMcula, prapaMpula, matsyapuccha, jRmbhA, trisarA, bhisarA, visarA, dvisarA, hillari, jhilliri, lalliri, jAla, gala, kUTapAza, valkabandha, sUtrabandha aura bAlabandha ityAdi matsya Adi jIvoM ko pakar3ane ke sAdhana vizeSoM se pakar3ate aura unheM 1. dekheM, vipAka sUtra zru. 1 a. 8 meM zaurikadatta ke pUrvabhava kA pApapUrNa jIvana vRttAnta pR. 91 se 92 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

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510 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) naukAoM meM bharate / phira naukAe~ nadI taTa para lAte aura una matsyAdi ko naukAoM se bAhara nikAla kara eka jagaha Dhera kara dete, phira una sabako dhUpa meM sukhAne ke lie bAlU para phailA dete| kaI dUsare vetanabhogI naukara dhUpa meM sUkhI huI una machaliyoM ke mAMsoM ko zUla meM pirokara Aga meM pakAte, bhUnate, tela meM tlte| isa prakAra unheM taiyAra karake ve unheM becane ke lie rAjamArgoM para sajA kara rkhte| isa prakAra ve AjIvikA karate hue kAla-yApana kara rahe the! zaurikadatta bhI svayaM una zUlAprota kiye hue, bhune hue, tale hue matsya-mAMsoM ke sAtha vividha prakAra kI surA, sIdhu Adi madirAoM kA sevana karatA huA jIvana yApana kara rahA thaa| zaurikadatta ke gale meM machalI kA kAMTA phaMsa gayA : asahya pIr3A se AkrAnta eka dina zUla dvArA pakAye hue, tale hue evaM bhune hue matsyamAMsoM kA bhojana karate hue zaurikadatta macchImAra ke gale meM machalI kA kAMTA phaMsa gyaa| isa kAraNa vaha atIva asAdhya vedanA kA anubhava karane lagA / atyanta pIr3ita zaurikadatta ne apane kauTumbika puruSoM ko bulAkara kahA -: - zaurikapura ke tirAhoM, caurAhoM yAvat sabhI mArgoM para jAkara ucca svara se ghoSaNA karo - "zaurikadatta ke gale meM machalI kA kAMTA pha~sa gayA hai| jo vaidya, vaidyaputra, jAnakAra yA jAnakAra kA putra, cikitsaka yA cikitsakaputra usa matsyakaNTaka ko nikAla degA, use zaurikadatta bahuta-sA dhana degA / " kauTumbika puruSoM ne isI prakAra kI ghoSaNA kara dii| isa ghoSaNA ko sunakara bahuta se vaidya, vaidyaputra Adi zaurikadatta ke yahA~ Ae aura apanI-apanI autpAtikI, vainayikI, kArmikI evaM pAriNAmikI buddhiyoM kA prayoga karake samyak nidAna kiyaa| tatpazcAt ' unhoMne vamana, chardana ( vamana vizeSa), avapIr3ana (dabAnA), zalyoddhAra, vizalyakaraNa, Adi vibhinna upacAroM se zaurikadatta ke gale meM phaMse kAMTe ko nikAlane tathA pIva ko banda karane kA bharasaka prayatna kiyA, magara ve saphala na ho ske| Akhira hAra thakakara ve saba vApasa cale ge| vaidya evaM cikitsakoM Adi ke ilAja se nirAza evaM nirupAya zaurikadatta usa bhayaMkara asahya vedanA ko bhogatA huA sUkhakara asthipaMjara mAtra raha gyaa| usakA zarIra rUkhA, sUkhA, bhUkhA evaM mAMsarihata atikRza ho gayA / uThate-baiThate haDDiyA~ kar3akar3a karatI thiiN| gale meM machalI kA kAMTA phaMsa jAne se vaha atikaSTapUrvaka dIna-hIna-dayanIya svara meM karAhatA rahatA thaa| vaha rakta, pIva aura kIr3oM ke kauroM kA bAra-bAra vamana karatA rahatA thaa| isa prakAra vaha duHkhapUrNa jIvana jI rahA thaa| pUrvajanmakRta ghora pApa karmoM kA hI yaha duSphala thaa| 9. dekheM, vahI, zru. 1 a. 8 meM zaurikadatta ke janma, pitRviyoga, tathA matsya mAMsa vyApAra kA vRttAnta pR. 93 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #531
karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 511 zaurikadatta kA bhaviSya : adhika andhakAramaya : svalpa ujjvala ____ bhagavAn se usake bhaviSya ke bAre meM pUche jAne para unhoMne kahA-yaha zaurikadatta 70 varSa kI parama Ayu bhogakara yathAsamaya marakara pahalI naraka meM nAraka rUpa meM utpanna hogaa| usake bAda lAkhoM bAra pRthvIkAya Adi meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se marakara hastinApura meM matsya hogaa| macchImAroM dvArA mAra DAle jAne para usI nagara meM zreSThikula meM utpanna hogaa| usa bhava meM ise samyaktva kI prApti hogii| vahA~ se marakara saudharma devaloka meM deva hogaa| vahAM se cyavakara mahAvideha kSetra meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ saMyama kI samyak ArAdhanA karane se siddha, buddha evaM sarvakarma-mukta hogaa|' devadattA kA pUrvabhava : siMhasena ke rUpa meM isake pazcAt nauvA~ adhyayana devadattA kA hai| usakA pUrvabhava isa prakAra haisupratiSTha nagara kA rAjA mahAsena thaa| usake dhAriNI Adi eka hajAra rAniyA~ thIM-una mahAsena nareza evaM mahArAMnI dhAriNI kA Atmaja eka putra thaa-siNhsen| zyAmArAnI meM Asakti : anya rAniyoM kI upekSA . yauvana meM padArpaNa karate hI mahAsena rAjA ne siMhasena rAjakumAra kA zyAmA Adi pAMca sau sundara rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha eka dina meM vivAha kara diyaa| zyAmAdevI ko mArane kI yojanA __mahAsena rAjA ke dehAvasAna ke pazcAt siMhasena rAjagaddI para baitthaa| kintu vaha rAjA bana jAne para rAjadharma se vimukha hokara rAnI zyAmAdevI meM atyanta Asakta, gRddha evaM mUrchita ho gyaa| anya rAniyoM kA vaha na to Adara karatA thA, aura na hI unakA dhyAna rakhatA thaa| itanA hI nahIM, unakA anAdara evaM vismaraNa karatA huA Ananda se jI rahA thaa| una 499 rAniyoM kI mAtAoM ko jaba isa bAta kA patA lagA to una sabane milakara nizcaya kiyA ki zyAmAdevI ko viSa, zastra yA agni Adi meM se kisI ke bhI prayoga se jIvanarahita kara diyA jaae| isa prakAra vicAra karake isa yojanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke avasara kI pratIkSA karatI rhiiN| cintita zyAmAdevI : kopabhavana meM zyAmAdevI ko vizvasta sUtroM se jaba isa bAta kA patA lagA to vaha atyanta udAsa, bhayabhIta, trasta evaM udvigna hokara kopabhavana meM jAkara leTa gii| mana hI mana ArtadhyAna karane lgii| 1. dekheM, vahI, zru. 1 a. 8 meM zaurikadatta kA asAdhya roga hI usake pApa ke phala pR. 93, 94 2. vahI, zru. 1 a. 9 meM dekheM-devadattA ke pUrvabhava kA siMhasena ke rUpa meM vRttAnta, pR. 97 se 99 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #532
512 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) zyAmAdevI ko siMhasena nareza dvArA AzvAsana siMhasena rAjA ko jaba isa bAta kA patA calA to vaha kopabhavana meM zyAmAdevI ke pAsa aayaa| vahA~ zyAmAdevI ko nirAza, cintita, udAsa evaM nisteja dekhakara usase cintA aura udAsI kA kAraNa pUchA to usane apanI 499 sautoM kI mAtAoM dvArA use mArane ke SaDyaMtra kA vRttAnta khaa| phira kahA-na mAlUma ve kisa kumauta se mujhe mAreMgI, yahI mere ArtadhyAna kA kAraNa hai| siMhasena nRpa ne use priya, manojJa zabdoM se Azvasta aura vizvasta kiyaa| ____ tadanantara siMhasena ne apane anucaroM ko bulAkara nagara ke bAhara pazcima dizA meM eka manohara, darzanIya mahatI kUTAgArazAlA banavAne kA Adeza diyaa| anucaroM ne kucha hI dinoM meM eka vizAla kUTAgArazAlA taiyAra karavA dii| cAra sau ninyAnaveM sAsuoM ko kUTAgArazAlA meM nivAsa diyA phira eka dina siMhasena ne apanI 499 rAniyoM kI mAtAoM ko AdarapUrvaka bulaayaa| ve jaba siMhasena ke pAsa AIM to usane una 499 sAsuoM ko sukhapUrvaka rahane ke lie nava-nirmita kUTAgArazAlA meM AdarapUrvaka sthAna diyaa| unake lie sabhI sukha-suvidhAe~ juTA dI, nRtya, gIta, vAdana karane meM niSNAta logoM ko vahA~ niyukta kara diyaa| phira unake lie svAdiSTa azanAdi tathA surA Adi sAmagrI bhI pahu~cA dii| isa prakAra ve Azvasta evaM nizciMta hokara sarasa svAdiSTa bhojana, madyapAna evaM rAga-raMga meM masta hokara vahA~ jIvanayApana karane lgiiN| kUTAgArazAlA ke cAroM ora Aga lagavAkara unheM maravA dI eka dina AdhI rAta ke samaya siMhasena rAjA aneka puruSoM ko lekara kUTAgArazAlA meM aayaa| phira usane usa zAlA ke sabhI dvAra banda karavA diye aura cAroM ora se Aga lagavA dii| phalataH usa Aga kI lapaToM meM jhulasa kara ve 499 rAniyoM kI mAtAe~ rudana, krandana evaM vilApa karatI huI mara giiN| isa krUra karma ke phalasvarUpa siMhasena chaThI naraka meM isa prakAra ke krUra karma vAlA duSTabuddhi rAjA siMhasena 3400 varSa jIkara una ghora pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa marakara utkRSTa 22 sAgaropama kI sthiti vAlI chaThI narakabhUmi meM nAraka rUpa se utpanna huaa| siMhasena kA jIva devadattA ke rUpa meM : dattasArthavAha kI putrI vahA~ se nikalakara vaha rohItaka nagara meM datta sArthavAha kI dharmapatnI kRSNazrI kI kukSi se eka komalAMgI sundara kanyA ke rUpa meM utpanna huaa| nAma rakhA gyaa-devdttaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #533
koM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 513 rAjA vaizramaNadatta ne apane putra puSyanandI ke lie devadattA kI mAMga kI - yauvanavaya meM padArpaNa karate hI usake zarIra kA rUpa, lAvaNya ke kAraNa nikhara utthaa| eka dina devadattA AbhUSaNoM aura zrRMgAra prasAdhanoM se susajjita hokara bahuta-sI dAsiyoM ke sAtha apane prAsAda kI chata para sone kI geMda se khela rahI thii| idhara se vaizramaNadatta rAjA bhI sarvAlaMkAra vibhUSita hokara apane ghor3e para baiThakara bahuta se puruSoM ko sAtha lekara azvakrIr3A (ghur3adaur3a) meM bhAga lene ke lie jA rahA thaa| rAste meM usakI najara apane prAsAda kI chata para geMda khelatI devadattA kumArI para pdd'ii| usake rUpa lAvaNya ko dekhakara vaizramaNadatta napa vismita ho gyaa| phira usane apane kauTumbika puruSoM ko bulAkara Adeza diyA ki isa kanyA ke pitA-mAtA kA patA lagAkara unase yuvarAja puSyanandI' ke lie yAcanA kro| agara rAjya dekara bhI usa kanyAratna ko prApta kiyA jA sake to bhI ucita hai| vaizramaNadatta kI ora se puSyanandI ke lie devadattA kI mA~ga kA prastAva __tadanantara vaizramaNadatta rAjA ke ve antaraMga puruSa datta sArthavAha ke yahA~ phuNce| datta ne unakA svAgata-satkAra kiyA aura Agamana kA prayojana pUchA to unhoMne kahA-ApakI putrI devadattA kumArI kI yuvarAja puSyanandI ke lie bhAryA rUpa se maMganI karane Ae haiN| yadi varavadhU kA yaha saMyoga Apako anurUpa jAna par3atA ho to putrI devadattA ko yuvarAja puSyanandI ke lie dIjie aura batalAie ki isake lie Apako kyA zulka upahAra ke rUpa meM diyA jAe? datta sArthavAha dvArA saharSa svIkRti yaha sunakara datta sArthavAha ne kahA-mahArAja vaizramaNadatta apane putra ke lie merI kanyA ko grahaNa karake anugRhIta kara rahe haiM, yahI mere lie sabase bar3A zulka hai| tadanantara rAjA vaizramaNadatta ke antaraMga puruSa harSita hokara lauTe aura rAjA ko yaha khuzakhabarI sunaaii| putrI devadattA ko pAlakI meM biThAkara zobhAyAtrA pUrvaka vaizramaNanareza ko sauMpI idhara datta gAthApati ne zubha muhUrta meM apane sabhI svajanaparijanoM ko prItibhoja dekara unake samakSa apanI putrI devadattA ko vastrAbhUSaNoM se susajjita kara sahana puruSavAhinI pAlakI meM biThAkara gAje bAje ke sAtha rohItaka nagara ke bIcobIca hokara vaizramaNa nareza ke pAsa phuNcaa| unheM badhAI dI aura apanI kanyA unheM samarpita kii| 1. dekheM, vahI zru. 1, a. 8 meM varNita devadattA ke pUrvabhava kA tathA vartamAna bhava kA vRttAnta, pR. 99 se 103 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #534
514 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) rAjA vaizramaNa ne donoM kA vidhivat vivAha sampanna karAyA rAjA vaizramaNa ne bhI puSyanandI aura devadattA ko eka paTTe para donoM ko biThAkara zubha muhUrta meM sabhI svajanoM ke samakSa dhUmadhAma se pANigrahaNa kraayaa| donoM kA vivAha sampanna hone ke bAda vastrAlaMkArAdi se svajana-parijanoM ko satkAra-sammAna karake unheM vidA kiyaa| vivAha ke bAda rAjakumAra puSyanandI evaM devadattA donoM uttama prAsAda meM nRtya-gIta-vAdya se Amoda-pramoda karate hue kAmabhogasukhAnubhava karane lge| isI bIca vaizramaNadatta kA dehAvasAna ho gyaa| puSyanandI ko rAjagaddI para biThAkara rAjA ghoSita kiyA gyaa| rAjA puSyanandI kI parama mAtRbhakti rAjA puSyanandI parama mAtRbhakta thaa| vaha pratidina apanI mAtA zrIdevI ke caraNoM meM praNAma karatA phira unake zarIra para zatapAka-sahasrapAka tela se mAliza karavAtA, phira asthi, mAMsa, aura tvacA ke liye cAra prakAra kI sukhadAyinI aMgamardanakriyA (mAliza) krvaataa| tatpazcAt ubaTana karavAtA aura phira ThaMDe, garma aura sugandhita jala se snAna krvaataa| tadanantara unheM vipula azanAdi cAra prakAra kA bhojana kraataa| isa prakAra mAtA zrIdevI ke bhojana kara lene ke pazcAt mukhazuddhi karake sukhAsana para baiTha jAne ke bAda hI puSyanandI snAna-bhojanAdi karatA thaa| phira mAnavIya sukhada kAmabhogoM kA upabhoga karatA thaa| yaha mAtRbhakti devadattA ko apane viSayabhogoM meM bAdhaka lagI ataH zrIdevI ko mArane kA durvicAra puSyanandI kI isa prakAra kI mAtRbhakti ko apane paryApta mAnavIya kAmabhogasukhopabhoga meM vighnakAriNI samajhakara devadattA ne eka dina ardharAtri ke samaya mana meM vicAra kiyA-inakI mAtA zrIdevI ko agni, zastra, viSa yA mantra ke prayoga se kisI taraha mArakara phira puSyanandI ke sAtha yatheSTa viSayabhogoM kA sevana kara skuuNgii| yoM socakara vaha zrIdevI (sAsa) ko mArane ke lie avasara kI pratIkSA karane lgii| devadattA ne zrIdevI ko mArakara hI dama liyA eka dina snAnAdi se nivRtta hokara zrIdevI ekAnta meM apanI zayyA para sukhapUrvaka so rahI thI, yaha maukA ucita samajhakara devadattA zrIdevI ke kakSa meM aaii| zrIdevI ko 1. dekheM, duHkhavipAka a. 9 meM devadattA ke vartamAna bhava kA vRttAnta, pR. 103 se 107 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #535
karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 515 nidrAdhIna dekhakara cAroM ora dekhA, aura rasoIghara meM aaii| vahA~ par3e hue eka lohe ke DaMDe ko Aga meM atyanta tapAkara lAla surkha bane hue usa DaMDe ko saMDAsI se pakar3akara jahA~ zrIdevI soI thI, vahA~ le aaii| Ate hI Ava dekhA na tAva usa tapta lohadaNDa ko zrIdevI ke gudAsthAna meM ghuser3a diyaa| usakI asahya vedanA ke kAraNa ucca svara se karAhatI aura chaTapaTAtI huI zrIdevI ne vahIM dama tor3a diyaa| dAsiyoM dvArA puSyanandI ko mAtR-hatyA kA samAcAra milate hI mUrchita hokara gira par3A zrIdevI kI dAsiyA~ isa bhayaMkara cItkAra ko sunakara vahA~ daur3I AIM aura devadattA devI ko vahA~ se nikalatI dekha socA-"ho na ho, yaha isI kA kAma hai|" zrIdevI ke palaMga ke pAsa Akara dekhA to avAka raha giiN| vaha nizceSTa evaM prANarahita hokara par3I thii| dAsiyA~ rotI kalapatI rAjA puSyanandI ke pAsa AIM aura sisakate hue nivedana kiyA-"svAmin ! mahAna anartha ho gayA! mAtAjI ko devadattA devI ne akAla meM kAlakavalita kara diyaa|" - yaha sunate hI mAtRzoka ke kAraNa puSyanandI dhar3Ama se dharatI para gira par3A aura behoza ho gyaa| devadattA ko rAjA puSyanandI dvArA mRtyudaNDa diyA gayA - hoza meM Ane para aneka mitra rAjAoM, sArthavAhoM yAvata parijanoM ke sAtha rudana, vilApa karate hue usane zrIdevI kA bar3e ThAThabATa se dAha-saMskAra kiyaa| tatpazcAt krodhAviSTa hokara devadattA devI ko rAjapuruSoM dvArA giraphtAra krvaayaa| phira usake nAka-kAna kttvaaye| avakoTaka baMdhana se bNdhvaayaa| gale meM lAla phUloM kI mAlA tathA vadhyayogya vastra phnaae| hAthoM meM hathakar3iyA~ phnaaii| yaha strI vadha karane yogya hai, hatyArI hai', isa prakAra ucca svara se ghoSaNA karate hue use vadhya sthAna para le jAyA gyaa| vahA~ saikar3oM nara-nAriyoM kI upasthiti meM use sUlI para car3hAyA gyaa| isa prakAra devadattA ko paraloka meM tathA ihaloka meM apane dvArA kRta pApa karmoM kA hAthoM-hAtha phala mila gyaa| . devadattA kA bhaviSya : adhikatara andhakAramaya, anta meM prakAzamaya devadattA ke bhaviSya ke bAre meM pUchane para bhagavAn ne kahA-devadattA yahA~ se yathAsamaya marakara prathama naraka meM nArakarUpa meM utpanna hogii| vahA~ se nikalakara mRgAputra kI bhA~ti vanaspatikAyika jIvoM ke antargata nimba Adi kaTuvRkSoM tathA Aka Adi kaTudugdha vAle paudhoM meM lAkhoM bAra utpanna hogii| vahA~ se nikalakara gaMgapura nagara meM haMsa rUpa meM paidA hogii| baheliyoM (zAkunikoM) dvArA mAra DAle jAne para gaMgapura meM hI vaha For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #536
516 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) zreSThikula meM putra rUpa se utpanna hogii| isI bhava meM usakA jIva samyaktva prApta karegA aura mara kara saudharma nAmaka prathama devaloka meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se vyavakara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma legaa| vahA~ saMyama grahaNa karake yathArtha ArAdhanA karane se sarvakarmakSaya karake siddhabuddha-mukta hogA / " niSkarSa ina varNanoM se hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki pApakarmoM kA tIvra bandha hone se bAra kugatiyoM aura kuyoniyoM meM bhaTakanA par3A hai, jahA~ usa jIva ko na to sadbodha milA, na hI samyagjJAna ! cAritra to milatA hI kaise ? lAkhoM bAra janma-maraNa ke duHkhoM kI bhaTTI meM tapane ke bAda zubhakarmoM kA udaya huA to mahAvidehakSetra aura manuSyajanma milaa| aura saMyama grahaNa karake sarvocca maMjila prApta kI / dasavA~ adhyayana : aMjUzrI ke pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta isake pazcAt duHkhavipAka kA antima (dasavA~ ) adhyayana 'aMjU' kA hai| isakA pUrvabhava vezyAkarma ke pApoM se paripUrNa thA / indrapura ke indradatta rAjA ke rAjya meM pRthvIzrI nAma kI eka gaNikA (vezyA) rahatI thii| vaha aneka rAjanyoM, amAtyoM, koTavAloM, sArthavAhoM Adi ko vazIkaraNa sambandhI cUrNAdi ke prayoga se vazIbhUta karake unake sAtha yatheccha kAmabhogoM kA sevana karatI thI / vezyAkarma ko bahuta hI pradhAnatA detI thI, usI ko uttama AcAra evaM dAkSiNya mAnatI thii| ukta pApakarmoM kA atyadhika baMdha karake 3500 varSa kA AyuSya bhogakara yathAsamaya kAla karake chaThI nar2akabhUmi meM paidA huii| jahA~ use pracaNDa vedanA sahanI pdd'ii| vahA~ se nikalakara vardhamAnapura meM dhanadeva sArthavAha kI patnI priyaMgu kI kukSi se kanyArUpa meM utpanna huii| nAma rakhA gayA aMjUzrI / rAjA vijayamitra ne apane lie aMjUzrI kI mAMga kI eka bAra vardhamAnapuranareza vijayamitra ne azvakrIr3A ke lie jAte hue rAjA vaizramaNadatta kI bhAMti aMjUzrI ko dekhA aura tetalIputra amAtya kI taraha apane lie usake pitA se usakI mAMga kii| unhoMne usakI mAMga svIkAra kii| apanI putrI kA rAjA vijayamitra ke sAtha pANigrahaNa kiyA / tadanantara vaha aMjUzrI ke sAtha rAjamahala meM kAmabhoga-sukhoM kA AsvAdana karane lgaa| 1. dekheM, sukhavipAka a. 9 meM devadattA ko svakRta pApakarma kA prApta duHkhada phala evaM bhaviSya kA vRttAnta pR. 108, 109 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #537
karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 517 aMjUzrI yonizUla kI asahya pIr3A se vyathita eka bAra aMjUzrI ke zarIra meM yonizUla (yoni meM asahya vedanA) nAmaka roga phUTa pdd'aa| yaha dekha vijayamitra nareza ne kauTumbika puruSoM ko Adeza diyA-nagara ke tirAhe, caurAhe yAvat sAmAnya mArgoM para jAkara ghoSaNA karo ki "jo koI vaidya, vaidyaputra, vijJa yA vijJaputra, cikitsaka yA cikitsakaputra aMjUzrI devI ke yonizUla roga ko upazAnta kara degA, use rAjA vijayamitra pracura dhana pradAna kreNge|" vaidyAdi bhI vividha upacAra karake asaphala rahe isa prakAra ghoSaNA karane ke bAda bahuta-se anubhavI vaidyAdi vijayamitra rAjA ke yahA~ aae| unhoMne apanI-apanI buddhi se roga kA nidAna kiyA aura apane manonIta vividha prayogoM dvArA ukta roga ko miTAne kA prayatna kiyA, kintu ve saba isameM viphala rhe| sabhI vaidyAdi hAra-thakakara apane-apane gA~va ko lauTa ge| aMjUzrI ko pApakarma kA duHkhada phala yahA~ bhI milA, Age bhI devI-aMjUzrI yonizUlajanya asahya pIr3A se pIr3ita hokara dinoMdina sUkhane lgii| usakA zarIra kevala asthipaMjara raha gyaa| vaha isa apAra kaSTa ke kAraNa karuNa evaM dayanIya vilApa karatI huIM kAla yApana karane lgii| .. anta meM 90 varSa kI paramAyu bhogakara yathAsamaya kAla karake aMjUzrI prathama naraka bhUmi meM nAraka rUpa se utpanna huii| aMjUzrI kA bhaviSya adhikatara andhakArapUrNa, anta meM ujjvala . usake bhaviSya ke bAre meM bhagavAn ne batAyA ki vaha prathama naraka se nikalakara vanaspatikAya ke antargata nIma Adi kar3ave per3oM tathA Aka Adi paudhoM meM lAkhoM bAra utpanna hogii| vahA~ kI bhavasthiti pUrNa kara sarvatobhadra nagara meM vaha mayUra rUpa meM paidA hogii| eka dina mayUravyAdhoM dvArA mAre jAne se usakA jIva isI nagara ke zreSThikula meM putrarUpa se utpanna hogaa| vahA~ bAlyAvasthA pAra karake yauvana meM padArpaNa karake tathArUpa sthaviroM se bodhilAbha (samyaktva) prApta kregaa| tadanantara pravrajyA lekara manuSyabhava kA AyuSya pUrNa kara prathama devaloka meM aura mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara cAritra grahaNa kregaa| yathAvat ArAdhanA karake siddha buddha aura sarvakarmamukta hogA, samasta duHkhoM kA anta kregaa|' 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra zru.1 a.10 meM varNita aMjUzrI ke pUrvabhava, vartamAna aura bhaviSya kA vRttAnta, pR. 110 se 113 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #538
518 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dasa adhyayanoM meM dasa kathAnAyakoM ke duHkhada phala yaha hai vipAkasUtra ke 10 kathAnAyakoM ko apane dvArA pUrvakRta pApakarmoM ke kAraNa prApta adhikAMza duHkhada phala kA lekhA-jokhA! ina kathAnakoM meM pUrvajanma meM kiye hue pApakarmoM kA pUrvajanma meM tathA agale janma meM duHkhada phala prApti kA tathA vartamAna janma meM kiye hue pApakarmoM kA duHkhada phala vartamAna janma meM hI tathA agale janma yA janmoM meM milane kA sajIva varNana hai| isase yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki pApakarmoM kA phala dera-sabera se avazya phala milatA hai|' vipAkasUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskandhe sukhavipAka kA saMkSipta paricaya vipAkasUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kA nAma sukhavipAka hai| isameM aise puNyazAlI puruSoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jinhoMne apane jIvana meM dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAva, dayA, paropakAra, sevA Adi satkarma karake ananta puNyarAzi se prApta manuSya janma ko sArthaka kiyA aura AgAmI janma ke lie puNyopArjana karake AgAmI bhava ko bhI sukhamaya banA liyaa| dvitIya zrutaskandha meM prathama zrutaskandha kI taraha dasa adhyayana haiM-(1) subAhukumAra, (2) bhadranandI, (3) sujAta, (4) suvAsava, (5) jinadAsa, (6) dhanapati, (7) mahAbala, (8) bhadranandI, (9) mahaccandra, aura (10) vrdtt| prathama adhyayana meM subAhukumAra kA varNana hai| subAhukumAra kA pUrvabhava kA jIvana jAnane se usake dvArA puNyaphala upArjana kA patA lagatA hai, aura bhaviSya meM usakA sukhada phala prApta hotA hai| subAhukumAra kA pUrvabhava : dAnazIla sumukha gAthApati ke rUpa meM hastinApura meM sumukha nAma kA dhanADhya sadgRhastha rahatA thaa| eka bAra nagara meM jAti-kula-sampanna dharmaghoSa sthavira anagAra apane 500 zramaNoM ke sAtha pdhaare| sahasrAmravana meM viraaje| dharmaghoSa sthavira ke eka ziSya sudatta nAmaka anagAra the| ve udAra tejolezyA ko apane meM saMkSipta (gupta) kiye hue the| ve mAsakSamaNa (eka mAsa ke upavAsa kA tapazcaraNa) ke pAraNe ke dina prathama pahara meM svAdhyAya, dvitIya pahara meM dhyAna aura tIsare pahara meM bhikSATana karane hetu dharmaghoSa sthavira se pUchakara sumukha gAthApati ke yahA~ bhikSArtha pdhaare| sumukha gAthApati dvArA sudatta anagAra ko vidhipUrvaka AhAradAna sumukha gAthApati sudatta anagAra ko Ate hue dekhakara atyanta harSita hokara Asana se utthaa| pAdapITha para paira rakhakara nIce utraa| pAdukA chor3akara eka sATika 1. dekheM, vipAkasUtra prathama zrutaskandha : sAra saMkSepa (paM. rozanalAlajI) se pR. 4 aura 10 2. dekheM, vipAka sUtra, zru.2 a. 1 prAthamika pR. 116 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #539
kamoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 519 (cAdara) kA uttarAsaMga kiyaa| svAgata ke liye sAta-ATha kadama sAmane gyaa| phira anagAra ko tIna bAra pradakSiNA karake vandana-namaskAra kiyA aura unheM bhojanagRha meM le gyaa| phira apane hAtha se vipula azana-pAna Adi kA dAna diyaa| dAna dene se pahale, dAna dete samaya aura dAna dene ke pazcAta bhI sumukha ke mana meM Ananda kA anubhava huaa| sumukha gAthApati ne dravyazuddhi, grAhaka (AdAtA) zuddhi aura dAtRzuddhisahita trividha trikaraNa (mana vacana-kAya kI) zuddhi pUrvaka sudatta anagAra ko dAna dene (pratilAbhita karane) se usa puNya ke phalasvarUpa saMsAra parIta (saMkSipta) kara liyA aura manuSyAyu kA bandha kiyaa| usake ghara meM nimnokta pAMca divya prakaTa hue-(1) lagAtAra svarNavRSTi, (2) paMcavarNI kusumavRSTi, (3) vastrotkSepa, (4) devadundubhi kA bajanA, aura (5) AkAza se 'aho dAnaM' kI ghossnnaa| sumukha gAthApati ke sadguNoM kI prazaMsA hastinApura ke tripatha, catuSpatha yAvat sAmAnya mArgoM para ekatrita hokara aneka manuSya paraspara kahane lage-dhanya hai, sumukha gAthApati, sumukha gAthApati sulakSaNa hai, kRtArtha hai, usane janma aura jIvana kA suphala prApta kara liyA, jisase isa prakAra kI Rddhi prApta huii|" sumukha kA janma adInazatru rAjA ke putra subAhukumAra ke rUpa meM tathA vivAhAdi - tatpazcAt sumukha gAthApati saikar3oM varSoM kI dIrghAyu kA upabhoga kara yathAsamaya kAla karake hastizIrSa nagara meM adInazatru rAjA kI rAnI dhAriNIdevI kI kukSi se putrarUpa meM utpanna huaa| pAMca dhAyoM kI saMrakSaNatA meM usakA lAlana-pAlana huA, yAvat 72 kalAoM meM pravINa huaa| yauvanavaya meM padArpaNa hote hI mAtA-pitA ne puSyacUlA pramukha pAMca sau zreSTha rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha usakA vivAha kiyaa| unake lie pahale se 500 rAjaprAsAdoM kA nirmANa karavA rakhA thaa| unameM subAhukumAra mAnavocita viSayabhogoM kA upabhoga karane lgaa| subAhukumAra ne bhagavAn mahAvIra kA dharmopadeza zravaNa kiyA eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI usa nagara meM pdhaare| rAjA adInazatru bhI bhagavat darzana evaM dezanAzravaNa ke lie niklaa| jamAlikumAra kI taraha subAhukumAra bhI dharmaratha meM baiThakara bhagavaddarzanArtha phuNcaa| bhagavAn ne sabako dharmopadeza diyaa| samagra pariSad, rAjA Adi dharmopadeza sunakara vApasa lautte| 1. dekheM, sukhavipAka a. 1 meM subAhukumAra ke pUrvabhava kA varNana pR. 120 se 123 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #540
520 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) subAhukumAra dvArA samyaktvaprApti tathA zrAvakavrata grahaNa subAhukumAra bhagavAn se dharmakathA sunakara manana karake atyanta prasanna huA, aura uThakara unheM vandanA-namaskAra karake yoM bolA-"bhagavan! maiM nirgrantha-pravacana para zraddhA, pratIti, ruci, sparzanA, pAlanA aura anupAlanA karatA huuN| parantu jisa prakAra Apake zrIcaraNoM meM anekoM rAjA, sArthavAha Adi gRhastha dharma se sAdhudharma meM pravrajita hue haiM, usa taraha pravrajyA lene meM maiM abhI samartha nahIM huuN| maiM isa samaya Apa se pAMca aNuvrata. evaM sAta zikSAvratoM vAlA bAraha prakAra kA gRhastharma svIkAra karanA cAhatA huuN|" bhagavAn ne 'tathA'stu' (jahAsuhaM) kahakara apanI svIkRti pradAna kii| phira subAhukumAra zrAvaka ke 12 vrata grahaNa kara jahA~ se AyA thA, vahIM vApasa lauttaa| subAhukumAra kI rUpa-zarIra-sampadA tathA Rddhi ke viSaya meM gautama kI jijJAsA __tatpazcAt indrabhUti gautama ne bhagavAna ke samakSa jijJAsA prakaTa kI-"aho bhagavan! subAhukumAra bar3A hI iSTa, iSTarUpa, kAnta, kAntarUpa, priya, priyarUpa, manojJa, manojJarUpa, manorama, manoramarUpa, saumya, subhaga, priyadarzana aura surUpa hai| yaha sAdhujanoM ko bhI iSTa, iSTarUpa, yAvat surUpa lagatA hai| bhagavan! subAhukumAra ne isa prakAra kI udAra mAnavIya samRddhi kaise upalabdha kI, kaise prApta kI ? kaise yaha usake samakSa upasthita huI ? pUrvabhava meM yaha kauna thA? yAvat isakA nAma, gotra kyA thA? kisa grAma yA sanniveza ko apane janma se alaMkRta kiyA thA? kyA dAna dekara, kyA upabhoga kara, kaise AcAra kA pAlana karake aura kisa zramaNa yA mAhana ke eka bhI Aryavacana kA zravaNa kara subAhukumAra ne aisI Rddhi upalabdha evaM prApta kI?" ... bhagavAna ne gautamasvAmI kI jijJAsA jAnakara subAhukumAra ke pUrvabhava kA pUrvokta pratipAdana kiyaa| aura kahA-"subAhukumAra ko pUrvokta mahAdAna ke prabhAva se isa prakAra kI mAnavasamRddhi prApta evaM upalabdha huI hai|''" / subAhukumAra ke ujjvala bhaviSya kA phalitArtha bhagavAn ne usake ujjvala bhaviSya kA kathana kiyA, jisakA phalitArtha yaha thAyaha subAhukumAra yahIM taka apane dvArA pUrva meM upArjita puNyarAzi kA vyaya nahIM kara degA, apitu aneka bAra unnata devabhava prApta karake punaH punaH manuSyabhava prApta karegA, jisameM tapa-saMyama kI ArAdhanA karake puNyarAzi meM vRddhi kara, AtmA kI uttarottara adhikAdhika vizuddhi kregaa| aura anta meM mahAvidehakSetra meM manuSyarUpa meM janma lekara tapa-saMyama kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA karake siddha-buddha, sarvakarmamukta evaM sarvaduHkha-mukta hogaa| 1. dekheM-sukhavipAka a. 1 meM varNita subAhukumAra ke vartamAna bhava ke sukhada phala kA vRttAnta pR. 117 se 120 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #541
karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 521 ataH puNyakarma kA pratyakSa phala bhale hI svargIya sukhoM kI prApti ho, parantu usakA anantara phala sadbodhi prApti, ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA kI bhAvanA, vaise uttama saMyoga aura nimitta kI upalabdhi bhI hote haiN| subAhukumAra kA gRhastha dharma se anagAra dharma meM pravrajita hone kA saMkalpa eka dina subAhukumAra ko apanI pauSadhazAlA meM tIna dina ke upavAsa (aSTama bhakta-pratyAkhyAna-tele) ke daurAna madhyarAtri meM dharmajAgaraNA karate hue aisA saMkalpa uThA-"ve grAma, nagara Adi dhanya haiM, jahA~ zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra vicaraNa karate haiM, tathA ve rAjA Adi dhanya haiM, jo zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa muNDita hokara pravrajita hote haiM, athavA pA~ca aNuvrata evaM sAta zikSAvrata vAlA gRhastha dharma svIkAra karate haiM, athavA jo bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zrImukha se dharmazravaNa karate haiN| agara bhagavAn mahAvIra grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karate hue yahA~ padhAreM to maiM gRha tyAgakara AgAra dharma se anagAra dharma meM pravrajita ho jaauuN|" subAhukumAra ke isa manoratha ko jAnakara bhagavAn mahAvIra hastizIrSa nagara meM padhAre aura puSpakaraNDaka udyAna meM viraaje| subAhukumAra kI dIkSA; adhyayana, tapazcaraNa, evaM samAdhi maraNa kA saMkSipta varNana subAhukumAra bhI aneka rAjAoM, sArthavAhoM Adi kI taraha mahAsamArohapUrvaka bhagavAn ke darzana, vandana, evaM dharmazrabaNa ke lie upasthita huaa| dharmopadeza zravaNa kara atyanta hRSTa-tuSTa huaa| phira usane bhagavAn ke samakSa apanA anagAra dharma aMgIkAra karane kA manoratha prakaTa kiyaa| bhagavAn kI sammati aura mAtA-pitA kI anumati pAkara subAhukumAra ne bhAgavatI dIkSA grahaNa kii| tadanantara subAhukumAra anagAra ne tathArUpa sthaviroM se sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyaa| sAtha hI upavAsa, belA, telA Adi nAnA prakAra ke bAhya evaM vinaya, vaiyAvRtya Adi Abhyantara tapazcaraNa se apanI AtmA ko bhAvita kiyaa| aneka varSoM taka zrAmaNya-paryAya kA pAlana karake eka mAsa kI saMllekhanA karake AtmabhAvoM kI ArAdhanA kI, tathA 60 bhakta (azana Adi) kA pratyAkhyAna karake AlocanA-pratikramaNAdipUrvaka samAdhi maraNa ko prApta kiyaa| ujjvala bhaviSya : subAhukumAra ko aneka bhavoM ke bAda sarvakarmamukti prApta __bhagavAn ne usake ujjvala bhaviSya kA kathana karate hue kahA-yahA~ se vaha prathama devaloka meM devarUpa meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ ke Ayu, bhava, aura sthiti kA kSaya hone para deva zarIra ko tyAgakara manuSya zarIra ko prApta kregaa| yahA~ zaMkAdirahita zuddha (kevalI) bodhi ko upalabdha kregaa| phira tathArUpa sthaviroM se dIkSA dhAraNa karake, aneka varSoM taka For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #542
522 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) zramaNa-paryAya kA pAlana karake anta meM samAdhimaraNapUrvaka dehatyAga karake tRtIya devaloka meM devarUpa meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se cyavakara punaH manuSyabhava prApta kregaa| yahA~ saMyama grahaNa kara yAvat-mahAzukra nAmaka saptama devaloka meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se phira manuSya bhava prApta karake pUrvavat dIkSita hokara samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka dehatyAga karake nauveM Anata devaloka meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ kI bhavasthiti pUrNa kara punaH manuSya bhava pAkara dIkSita hogA, phira AraNa nAmaka gyArahaveM devaloka meM utpanna hogaa| vahAM se cyavakara manuSyabhava ko grahaNa karake saMyama kI ArAdhanA karake samAdhipUrvaka dehAnta hone para sarvArthasiddha nAmaka anuttara vimAnavAsI devoM meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se cyavana kara mahAvideha kSetra meM kisI sampanna kula meM janma legaa| vahA~ dRr3hapratijJa kI bhAMti saMyama grahaNa aura ArAdhana karake sarvakarmoM se mukta, siddha, buddha, yAvat-sarvaduHkharahita hogaa|' zeSa nau adhyayanoM kA saMkSipta digdarzana dUsare adhyayana se lekara dasaveM adhyayana taka nau puNyazAliyoM kA varNana puNyazAlI subAhukumAra kI taraha hI hai| nAma Adi meM avazya antara hai| jaise-(2) dvitIya adhyayana bhadranandI kA hai| RSabhapura, nagara, dhanAvaha rAjA, sarasvatI rAnI, unakA putra bhadranandI thaa| (3) tRtIya adhyayana sujAtakumAra kA hai| vIrapura nagara, vIrakRSNamitra rAjA, zrIdevI rAnI, sujAtakumAra putr| (4) caturtha adhyayana-vijayapura nagara, vAsavadatta rAjA, kRSNAdevI rAnI, unakA putra suvaasvkumaar| (5) paMcama adhyayana-saugandhikA nagarI, apratihata rAjA, sukRSNArAnI, unakA putra jindaas| (6) chaThA adhyayana kanakapura nagara, priyacandra rAjA, subhadrAdevI rAnI, unakA yuvarAja padAsIna putr-vaishrmnnkumaar| yuvarAja kA putra dhanapati kumAra thA, jo pUrvabhava meM maNicayikA nagarI kA rAjA mitra thaa| usI janma meM nirvANa ko prApta huaa| (7) saptama adhyayana mahAbala hai| mahApuranagara, mahArAjabala rAjA, subhadrAdevI raanii| unakA putra mahAbala kumAra thaa| (8) AThavA~ bhadranandI nAmaka adhyayana hai| sughoSa nagara, arjuna rAjA, tattvavatI raanii| unakA putra bhadranandI thaa| (9) nauvAM mahaccandra nAmaka adhyayana hai| campAnagarI, datta nAmaka rAjA, raktavatI devI raanii| unakA putra yuvarAja padAsIna mahaccandra thaa| (10) dasavA~ adhyayana varadatta nAma kA hai| sAketa nagara, mitranandI rAjA, zrIkAntA raanii| unakA putra varadatta kumAra thaa| zeSa samagra varNana subAhukumAravat samajhanA caahie| tattvagata koI antara nahIM hai| 1. dekheM, sukhavipAka a. 1 meM varNita subAhukumAra ke anagAra banane ke saMkalpa se lekara dIkSA aura mukti taka kA vRttAnta pR. 126-127 2. dekheM, sukhavipAka a.2 se 10 taka ke adhyayanoM meM varNita kathAnAyakoM ke nAma, pitA-mAtA, nagara Adi kA saMkSipta digdarzana For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmoM ke vipAka : yahA~ bhI aura Age bhI 523 pApa aura puNya-donoM ke phala meM mahadantara kI samIkSA yaha satya hai ki pApa aura puNya donoM prakAra kI karmaprakRtiyoM kA sarvathA kSaya hone para hI mukti kI maMjila prApta hotI hai, tathApi donoM prakAra kI karmaprakRtiyoM ke vipAka (phalabhoga) meM kitanA aura kaisA antara hai ? yaha vipAka sUtra ke prathama aura dvitIya donoM zrutaskandhoM ke kathAnakoM se spaSTa pratIta ho jAtA hai| duHkhavipAka ke mRgAputra Adi kathAnAyakoM ko bhI anta meM mukti prApta hogI aura sukhavipAka ke subAhukumAra Adi kathAnAyakoM ko bhI mukti prApta hogii| donoM prakAra ke kathAnAyakoM kI antima sthiti eka-sI hai| phira bhI carama sthiti prApta karane se pUrva pApakarmiyoM ke saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA jo kathAcitra aMkita kiyA gayA hai, vaha vizeSarUpa se dhyAna dene yogya hai| ___pApAcArI mRgAputra Adi kI pUrvabhavika aura ihabhavika pApakarmoM kI tathA usase prApta hone vAle atyanta duHkhada karmaphaloM (vipAkoM) kI kathA atIva romAMcaka hai| phira una sabakI bhaviSyakathA dila dahalAne vAlI hai| una sabako dIrgha-dIrghatarakAla taka ghoratara duHkhamaya durgatiyoM meM anekAneka bAra narakoM meM, tiryaMcoM meM, ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya tiryaMcayoniyoM meM bAra-bAra bhaTakanA hogaa| manuSyabhava meM bhI atIva durbodhamaya trAsadAyaka viSama yoniyoM meM asahya yAtanAe~ bhoganI hoNgii| taba kahIM jAkara anta meM unheM manuSyabhava milegA, jisameM sarvakarmakSaya hone se siddhi-mukti prApta hogii|| yadyapi sukhavipAka ke subAhukumAra Adi kathAnAyakoM ko bhI dIrghakAla taka saMsAra meM rahanA hogA, phira bhI unake dIrghakAla kA adhikAMza bhAga svargIya sukhoM ke upabhoga meM athavA sukhabahula mAnavabhava meM hI vyatIta hone vAlA hai| puNyakarma ke phala se hone vAle sukhamaya vipAka aura pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa prApta hone vAle duHkhamaya vipAka kI tulanA karake dekhane para jJAta hogA ki pApa aura puNya donoM bandhanakAraka hone para bhI donoM ke phaloM meM rAta aura dina kA, andhakAra aura prakAza jaisA antara hai| kahA~ mRgAputra Adi kA asahya duHkhoM aura yAtanAoM se paripUrNa dIrghakAlika bhavabhramaNa aura kahA~ subAhukumAra Adi kA sukha-suvidhAoM se paripUrNa sukhamaya saMsAra! phira AdhyAtmika vikAsa karane kA suavasara, sadbodha aura satsaMga! donoM kI tulanA karane se pApa aura puNya ke kramazaH duHkhada aura sukhada phala kA antara spaSTatayA samajha meM A sakatA hai|' 1. vipAkasUtra zru. 2 ke sArasaMkSepa (paM. rozanalAlajI) se pR. 114 For Personal & Private Use Only

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524 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) vipAkasUtra ke mUlasrota aura phalabhoga kA varNana vipAkasUtra ke pratyeka adhyayana meM kathAnAyaka ke pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ke jIvana kA varNana hai| jo vyakti duHkha se karAha rahe hai, athavA jo vyakti sukha ke atala sindhu para taira rahe haiN| una sabake sambandha meM jijJAsA prakaTa kI gaI hai ki unakI aisI duHkhada yA sukhada sthiti kisa kAraNa se huI ? pUrvajanma meM yaha kauna thA, kaisA thA? isa janma meM yaha aisA duHkha yA sukha kisa kAraNa se pA rahA hai ? bhagavAn mahAvIra apane kevalajJAna ke akSaya prakAza meM usake pUrvajanma ke duSkRtyoM-sukRtyoM ko hastAmalakavat jAnakara usake pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunAte haiM, jisase jijJAsu usakA rahasya svayaM samajha jAtA hai| anyAya, atyAcAra, narabali, bAlahatyA, AgajanI, vezyAgamana, vezyAkarma, parastrIgamana, madya-mAMsa-sevana, prajApIr3ana, dyUta-krIr3A, rizvatakhorI, nirdoSajana-hatyA Adi aise duSkRtya haiM, jinake pariNAma vividha yAtanAoM ke rUpa meM duHkhavipAka meM batAe gae haiN| isake viparIta sukhavipAka meM utkRSTa supAtradAna ke pratiphala ke rUpa meM mAnavIya evaM svargIya sukhasampadA tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI upalabdhi batAI gaI hai|' 1. vipAkasUtra prastAvanA (upAcArya zrI devendramuni) se sArAMza uddhRta, pR. 48 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana sAdhanAmaya jIvana meM puNya, pApa aura dharma kA srota kahA~ aura kaise? AtmA apane Apa meM nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se paramAtmasvarUpa hai, kintu usakA paramAtmarUpa jaba taka AvRta, vikRta, kuNThita aura suSupta rahatA hai, taba taka vaha paramAtmapada ko prApta nahIM kara sktaa| ina sthitiyoM ke rahate paramAtmapada karmoM se ghirA huA evaM jakar3A huA rahatA hai| zuddha AtmA kA karmoM se baddha, spRSTa, zliSTa rahanA hI paramAtmarUpa kI vikRti evaM suSupti hai| vaha jaba taka pUrNarUpa se sAdhanA dvArA siddha yA upalabdha nahIM kara liyA jAtA, taba yA to vaha puNyakarmoM se yukta rahegA yA phira pApakarmoM puNyakarmoM se yukta rahegA to usakA sukhada phala, sugati, suyoni, saddharma-prApti, manuSyabhava, dharmazravaNa, sadguru-satsaMga Adi AtmotthAna ke saMyoga milate rahate haiN| isake viparIta jaba AtmA pApakarmoM se yukta rahegA, taba usakA duHkhada phala durgati, duryoni, durbuddhi, naraka-tiryaJcagati, naraka-tiryaJcabhava meM vividha duHkhoM se paripUrNa jiMdagI, abodhi, ajJAna, dharmAndhatA, jAtyandhatA, atisvArtha, krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI tIvratA, viSayabhogoM meM atyadhika Asakti Adi saMyoga aura pariNAma tathA kusaMga Adi milate rahate haiN| .... puNyazAlI vyakti yadi samyagdRSTi prApta karake sAdhanA karatA hai to usake gRhIta vrata, niyama, saMyama, tapazcaraNa, parISaha-sahana, upasarga-samabhAva, kSamA, dayA Adi guNa AdhyAtmika ukrAnti ke kAraNa banate haiN| usa kA puNya itanA prabala ho jAtA hai ki vaha eka devabhava ko pAkara phira mahAvidehakSetra meM manuSya janma lekara siddha, buddha aura sarvakarmamukta tathA sarvaduHkha-mukta ho jAtA hai| . pApapatha se puNyapatha kI ora mur3akara AtmA kA utthAna kiyA isake viparIta rAjapraznIya sUtra meM jisa pradezI nRpa kA AkhyAna hai, vaha paramanAstika, krUra, raktaliptahasta thaa| manuSyoM ko mAranA usake lie gAjara-mUlI kATane For Personal & Private Use Only

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526 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) ke samAna thaa| vaha pApakarma aura usake duHkhada phala ko mAnatA hI nahIM thaa| na hI usakI koI ruci yA zraddhA pApa-puNya ke svarUpa aura phala ko samajhane meM thii| parantu usake jIvana meM jJAnadhana kezIzramaNa ke satsaMga aura unase dharmazravaNa se nayA mor3a aayaa| ve aramaNIka se ramaNIka bana ge| unhoMne samyagdarzana ke sAtha nIti, nyAya, vrata, niyama, sadAcAra Adi se yukta sAdhanApatha para prasthAna kiyaa| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to pApa ke patanapatha se haTakara puNya ke utthAnapatha para jIvanaratha ko modd'aa| sAdhanAmaya jIvana apanAne para pradezI napa kI bAra-bAra kasauTI huI, pralobhana aura bhaya ke prasaMga bhI aae| parantu ve svIkRta sAdhanA-patha se vicalita nahIM hue| isI arjita puNyarAzi ke phalasvarUpa unheM devaloka meM sthAna milaa| devaloka kI divya Rddhi, sukha sampadA, vaibhava, kAnti, yaza Adi upalabdha hue| sUryAbhadeva ke rUpa meM ve puNyaphala bhAgI bne| nirayAvalikA meM pApaphala ke nimitta se Atmapatana kI kathA isake anantara nirayAvalikAsUtra meM aisI AtmAoM kA varNana hai, jinheM kSAyika samyagdRSTi sampanna bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ananyabhakta magadhasamrAT zreNika ke putra hone kA saubhAgya milaa| zreNikanRpa ke kaI putroM ne zramaNadIkSA aMgIkAra karake sarvakarmakSaya rUpa mokSa prApta kiyA, magara nirayAvalikA-varNita ina dasa putroM ne sAdhanA kA avasara milane para bhI, tathA ina dasoM kI mAtAoM dvArA sAdhanApatha aMgIkAra karake prerita karane para bhI ve sAdhanA ke zuddha patha para ArUr3ha na ho sake, aura na hI gRhastha dharma ke vrata niyama Adi aMgIkAra karake puNya upArjana kara sake, puNyopArjana kI subodhi bhI prApta na huI, na hI ruci aura zraddhA huii| phalataH koNika dvArA mahAzilA kaNTaka saMgrAma cher3ane para usa anyAyayukta saMgrAma meM unhoMne pUrNa sahayoga diyA, nirdoSa narasaMhAra kiyA, svayaM bhI usI saMgrAma meM kAla-kavalita hue aura mara kara narakagati ke atithi bne| kalpAvataMsikA meM puNyaphala ke nimitta se kalpavimAnavAsI devatva kA varNana ___ isake pazcAt kalpAvataMsikA sUtra meM una dasa AtmAoM kA varNana hai, jo apanI tapovizeSa kI sAdhanA meM rAgAMza hone se karmoM kA sarvathA kSaya to na kara sake, kintu puNyopArjana ke phalasvarUpa saudharmAdi kalpavimAnavAsI devoM meM utpanna hue| unakI zubhakarmopArjana kI sAdhanA saphala huii| puSpitA meM puNyopArjana ke phalasvarUpa devatva prApti tadanantara puSpikA (puSpitA) sUtra meM una sAdhaka AtmAoM kA varNana hai, jinhoMne apane jIvana meM asaMyama kA yathAzakti parityAga karake saMyamabhAvanA puSpita kii| ukta For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 527 arjita puNya rAzi ke phala svarUpa devatva kI prApti huii| isameM bahuputrikA sAdhvI kA jIvana saMyama se asaMyama kI ora mur3a gayA thA, kintu phira kaI bhavoM ke utAra-car3hAva ke bAda vaha saMyama kI zuddha sAdhanA kI ora mudd'ii| candra, sUrya, zukra Adi jyotiSI devoM meM sthAna paayaa| zeSa pAMcaveM se dasaveM adhyayana ke kathAnAyakoM ne pUrvabhava meM vrata-niyamAdi kI sAdhanA karake puNyopArjana ke phalasvarUpa devatva kI prApti kI / puSpacUlikA meM saMyama sAdhanA meM uttaraguNavirAdhanA se devI rUpa meM puSpacUlikA sUtra meM dasa kathAnAyikA zrI, hI Adi deviyoM kA varNana hai, jinhoMne apane pUrva jIvana meM saMyama kI sAdhanA to kI, kintu uttaraguNoM kI virAdhanA karane se, tathA tapazcaraNa evaM mUlaguNoM kI surakSA ke kAraNa prathama devaloka kI usa usa nAmavAlI devI bniiN| vRSNidazA meM vRSNivaMzIya daza sAdhakoM kA varNana vRSNidazA meM niSadha Adi andhakavRSNinareza ke kula meM utpanna dasa sAdhakoM kA varNana hai, jo saMsAra ke bhogoM se virakta hokara saMyama sAdhanA meM dattacitta hue / antima samaya meM saMllekhanA saMthArA karake sarvArthasiddha nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM utpanna hue aura phira vahA~ se vyavakara mahAvidehakSetra meM siddha-buddha mukta hoNge|' ina sabameM AtmA ke utthAna aura patana ke rocaka aura preraka AkhyAna haiN| anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM pracura puNyarAzi vAle mAnavoM ko atyadhika sukhada phala prApti anuttarIpapAtika sUtra ke daza adhyayanoM meM jina puNyazAliyoM kA varNana hai, ve vividha bhogoM meM pale hue the; pAMcoM indriyoM kI paryApta viSayasukha sAmagrI unake pAsa thI, phira bhI ve bhogoM ke kIcar3a meM nahIM phaMse, unhoMne karmakSaya karane hetu paMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, dazavidha zramaNa dharma tathA samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra evaM samyaktapa kI ArAdhanA kii| sarAga saMyama hone se tathA deva-guru-dharma ke prati prazasta rAga (bhakti) hone se saMcita puNyarAzi ke phalasvarUpa dehAvasAna hone para ve saba anuttaravimAnavAsI devaloka ke devoM meM utpanna hue| vahA~ kI Ayu, bhava evaM kAya janita sthiti pUrNa hone para ve eka bAra manuSya bhava prApta karake siddha-buddha-mukta hoNge| anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM tIna varga, tetIsa adhyayana anuttaraupapAtika dazA meM tIna varga haiM; jinameM kramaza: 10, 13 aura 10 dekheM - nirayAvalikA Adi pA~coM sUtroM kI prastAvanA / 9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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528 karma-vijJAna : bhAga - 2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) adhyayana haiN| ina 33 adhyayanoM meM 33 mahAn puNyazAlI AtmAoM kA varNana hai| inameM 23 puNyazAlI rAjakumAra to magadhasamrAT zreNikanRpa ke putra haiN| anuttaraupapAtika kauna-kauna, kyoM aura kaise? saudharma Adi bAraha devalokoM se Upara nau navagraiveyaka vimAna Ate haiM, aura unase Upara pA~ca anuttara (sarvotkRSTa ) vimAna Ate haiM - ( 1 ) vijaya, (2) vaijayanta, (3) jayanta, (4) aparAjita aura (5) srvaarthsiddh| jo sAdhaka apane utkRSTa tapa aura saMyama kI sAdhanA se inameM upapAta (janma) pAte haiM, unheM 'anuttarIpapAtika' kahate haiN| prathama varga : dasa adhyayana isa zAstra ke prathama varga meM dasa adhyayana isa prakAra haiM- (1) jAlI, (2) mayAlI, (3) upajAlI, (4) puruSasena, (5) vAriseNa, (6) dIrghadanta, (7) laSTadanta, (8) vihalla, (9) vehAyasa aura (10) abhayakumAra / jAlIkumAra dvArA upalabdha puNyarAzi kA phala vijaya vimAna evaM siddhatva prApti jAlIkumAra zreNika rAjA kA putra aura dhAriNI rAnI kA aMgajAta thA / isakA janma hone para khUba ThATha-bATa se lAlana-pAlana huA / yauvanabaya meM 8 kanyAoM ke sAtha vivAha huaa| pracura sampatti aura uttamottama bhogoM ke paryApta sukha-sAdhana hone se ve bhogasukhoM meM pUrNataH DUbe hue the / kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra kA pravacana sunate hI saMsAra se tathA bhogoM se virakti huii| mAtA-pitA kI anumati lekara pravrajyA aMgIkAra kI / sthaviroM ke pAsa gyAraha aMgazAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA / guNaratnasaMvatsara nAmaka tapazcaryA kI / apanA AyuSya nikaTa jAnakara antima samaya meM vipulagiri para AmaraNa anazana kiyaa| solaha varSoM taka zrAmaNya-paryAya kA pAlana kiyaa| AyuSya ke anta meM samAdhipUrvaka deha tyAgakara Urdhvagamana karake saudharma Adi 12 devalokoM tathA nau navagraiveyaka vimAnoM ko lAMghakara battIsa sAgaropama kI sthitivAle vijaya nAmaka anuttaravimAna meM utpanna hue| vahA~ se AyukSaya, bhavakSaya aura sthitikSaya karake jAlIdeva mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya janma lekara yAvat siddha, buddha aura sarvakarmoM-sarvaduHkhoM se mukta hogA / ' zeSa nau adhyayanoM ke kathAnAyakoM kA saMkSipta paricaya zeSa nau adhyayanoM ke kathAnAyakoM kA jIvanavRtta bhI lagabhaga isI prakAra hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki inameM se sAta putra dhAriNI rAnI ke haiM, vehalla aura vehAyasa ye do putra 1. dekheM - anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM prathama varga kA sArtha vivecana (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara) pR.4 se 10 taka For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 529 cillaNA(celanA) rAnI ke haiM aura abhayakumAra nandArAnI kA putra hai| sabake pitA zreNika nRpa the| Adi ke pAMca kumAroM kA zrAmaNya-paryAya 16-16 varSa kA hai, bAda ke tIna kA 12 varSa kA hai, tathA do kA zrAmaNya paryAya pAMca-pAMca varSa kA hai| Adi ke 5 anagAroM kA upapAta (janma) kramazaH vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita, aura sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM huaa| dIrghadanta zramaNa sarvArthasiddha meM utpanna huA, zeSa utkrama se aparAjita Adi meM, tathA abhaya anagAra vijaya vimAna meM utpanna hue| zeSa varNana prathama adhyayana ke samAna niSkarSa yaha hai ki ina saba ne ratnatraya kI utkRSTa sAdhanA kI, tapazcaraNa bhI kiyA, kintu sarAga saMyama hone se utkRSTa puNyarAzi saMcita kI, jisake phalasvarUpa sabako paMca anuttara vimAna meM se eka utkRSTa vimAna prApta huaa| dvitIya varga : teraha adhyayana : saMkSipta paricaya ____ dvitIya varga meM 13 adhyayana haiM, inake puNyazAlI kathAnAyaka isa prakAra haiM-(1) dIrghasena, (2) mahAsena, (3) laSTadanta, (4) gUr3hadanta, (5) zuddhadanta, (6) halla, (7) druma, (8) drumasena, (9) mahAdrumasena, (10) siMha, (11) siMhasena, (12) mahAsiMhasena, (13) puNyasena (puurnnsen)| dIrghasena Adi 13 hI puNyazAlI kumAroM ke pitA magadhasamrATa zreNika nRpa the aura mAtA dhAriNIdevI thii| teraha hI tumAroM ne yauvana vaya meM bhagavadvANI sunakara saMsAra aura bhogoM se virakta hokara zramaNa-dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| prathama adhyayanavat sabane zAstrAdhyayana aura tapa-saMyama kA ArAdhana kiyaa| teraha hI kumAroM kA dIkSAparyAya 16 varSa kA thaa| sabane antima samaya meM mAsika saMllekhanA-saMthArA kiyA aura samAdhipUrvaka dehatyAgakara anukrama se Adi ke do vijaya vimAna meM, do vaijayanta meM, do jayanta meM, do aparAjita meM aura zeSa pAMca mahAdrumasena Adi sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM utpanna hue| teraha hI puNyazAlI mahAn deva vahA~ se sthiti pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma leMge aura cAritrapAlana kara sarvakarmakSaya karake siddha-buddha-mukta hoNge| tRtIya varga : dasa adhyayana : saMkSipta nAmollekha tRtIya varga meM 10 puNyazAlI mahAn AtmAoM ke nAma se 10 adhyayana haiM-(1) dhanyakumAra, (2) sunakSatra, (3) RSidAsa, (4) pellaka, (5) rAmaputra, (6) candrika, (7) pRSTimAtRka, (8) peDhAlaputra, (9) poTilla aura (10) vehll| 1. dekheM-vahI, vivecana pR. 10-11 2. dekheM, anuttaraupapAtika sUtra varga 2 kA vivaraNa (A. pra. samiti byAvara) pR. 12-13 3. vahI, tRtIya varga pR. 15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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530 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) dhanyakumAra, utkRSTa bhoga se saMyama-tapazcaraNa yoga meM pravRtta dhanyakumAra kAkandI nagarI kI tejasvI, tathA Rddhi samRddhi se sampanna bhadrA sArthavAhI kA putra thaa| rUpa, lAvaNya tathA zubha lakSaNoM se sampanna dhanyakumAra (dhannA) ko zubhamuhUrta meM kalAcArya ke pAsa 72 kalAoM ke adhyayana ke lie bhejaa| yauvana meM padArpaNa karate hI bhadrA sArthavAhI ne dhanyakumAra kA battIsa IbhyazreSThi pravaroM kI kanyAoM ke sAtha pANigrahaNa kraayaa| ina battIsa kanyAoM ke pitAoM ne bahuta-sA dhana, dhAnya, vastrAbhUSaNa, vividha dAsiyA~, tathA eka se eka bar3hakara paMcendriya viSayasukhabhogoM ke sAdhana pradAna kiye| eka bAra to aisA lagatA thA ki ve ina bhoga-sukhoM meM DUba jAe~ge aura apane mAnava jIvana ke lakSya ko bhUla jaaeNge| magara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA pravacana sunate hI dhanyakumAra kI antarAtmA jAga utthii| bhagavAn ke samakSa saMsAra se virakti aura nirgrantha banane kI utkaNThA vyakta kii| mAtA bhadrA se anujJA prApta kara bhagavAn ke pAsa pravrajyA aMgIkAra karane kI bhAvanA bhI prakaTa kii| yadyapi mAtA bhadrA ko apanI bAta samajhAne-manAne meM dhanyakumAra ko kAphI zrama uThAnA pdd'aa| anta meM mAtA bhadrA ne svIkRti de dii| jitazatru rAjA ne svayaM hI dhanya kA dIkSA-saMskAra (samAroha) kiyaa| anagAra dhanyakumAra kA saMyamI jIvana . dIkSA lete hI dhanya anagAra ne bhagavAn se yaha pratijJA lI-"Aja se maiM yAvajjIva bele-bele (chaha-chaha) pAraNA karUMgA, pAraNe meM bhI Ayambila tapa karUMgA, vaha pAraNA bhI saMsRSTa hAthoM se grahaNa karU~gA, asaMsRSTa hAthoM se nahIM, tathA pAraNe kA AhAra bhI ujjhita dharma vAlA (pheMkane yogya) grahaNa karU~gA, usameM bhI vaha bhakta-pAna lUMgA, jise bahuta-se anya zramaNa, mAhana, atithi, kRpaNa aura bhikhArI bhI lenA na caaheN|" isa prakAra kaThora tapa kI pratijJA lekara pAraNe ke dina tIsare pahara meM bhagavAn se anujJA prApta karake bhikSA ke lie ucca-nIca-madhyama kuloM meM apanI pratijJAnusAra AhAra pAnI kI gaveSaNA karate hue ghUmate, kintu unakI kaThora pratijJAnusAra kabhI anna milA to pAnI nahIM milA, kabhI pAnI milA to anna nhiiN| phira bhI ve prasannacitta, adInamana, viSAda, kaSAya Adi se rahita, avizrAntayogI (samAdhiyukta) rhte| anAsakta bhAva se samabhAvapUrvaka kevala saMyama nirvAhArtha zarIrarakSaNa ke uddezya se AhAra kara lete the| dhanya 1. dekheM-anuttaraupapAtika sUtra varga 3 meM dhanyakumAra kA pUrvArddha jIvanavRtta pR. 16 se 22 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #551
puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 531 anagAra apanI pratijJA para dRr3ha rahe, tadanusAra AtmA ko dRr3ha aura nizcala banAkara saMyamamArga meM vicaraNa karate rhe|" dhanyakumAra anagAra kA utkaTa tapa: prazaMsA aura abhinandana dhanya anagAra ne sthaviroM se sAmAyikAdi gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyA aura tapa-saMyama se AtmA ko bhAvita karate hue vicaraNa karate rhe| pUrvokta udAra, vipula, kalyANarUpa, zivarUpa, dhanyarUpa, maMgalarUpa, zrIsampanna, uttama, udAtta, udagra evaM mahAprabhAvazAlI tapa ke kAraNa dhanya - anagAra ke zarIra ke sabhI aMgopAMga zuSka, rUkSa, kRza, durbala aura gamanAgamana karane tathA khar3e hone aura baiThane meM azakta ho ge| kintu unakI AtmA alaukika baliSTha ho gayI thI / rAkha ke Dhera meM dabI huI agni ke samAna ve tapa se, teja se atIva dedIpyamAna evaM zobhAyamAna ho rahe the / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane 14 hajAra zramaNoM meM dhanya anagAra ko mahAduSkarakAraka aura mahAnirjarAkAraka batAkara prazaMsA kI / zreNika rAjA ne jaba yaha sunA to ve 'hRSTa tuSTa hokara dhanya anagAra ke pAsa Ae, unheM vidhivat vandana- namaskAra kiyA aura ye udgAra nikAle - "he devAnupriya ! Apa dhanya haiM, Apa puNyazAlI haiM, Apa kRtArtha haiM, Apa sukRtalakSaNa haiM, Apane manuSyajanma aura jIvana ko saphala kiyA hai|" dhanya anagAra dvArA saMllekhanApUrvaka samAdhimaraNa aura mukti eka dina dhanya anagAra ko madhya rAtri meM dharma jAgaraNA karate hue isa prakAra kebhAva utpanna hue "merA zarIra isa prakAra ke udAra tapazcaraNa se zuSka, nIrasa, durbala, jIrNa-zIrNa evaM azakta ho gayA hai| ataH jaba taka mere zarIra meM utthAna, karma, bala, , vIrya aura parAkrama hai, taba taka maiM bhagavAn se anujJA prApta kara antima saMllekhanA - saMthArA aMgIkAra karake samAdhi meM lIna rhuuN|" tatpazcAt bhagavAn se anujJA prApta karake sthaviroM ke sAtha vipulagiri para pahu~ce, mAsika saMllekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyA / divaMgata hone para vahA~ se ve 33 sAgaropama kI sthiti vAle sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM devarUpa meM utpanna hue| vahA~ se cyavana kara ve dhanya deva mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddhi muktiM prApta kreNge| 'yadyapi itane utkRSTa tapazcaraNa aura saMyamArAdhana se sarvakarmakSaya hokara mukti honI cAhie, parantu yaha avazya hai ki isa prakAra kI utkRSTa tapa-saMyama kI ArAdhanA se bahuta se karma kSaya ho gae the, thor3e se karma raha gae the, utkRSTa evaM pracura puNyarAzi kA vahI, varga 3 meM dhanya anagAra kA saMyamI jIvana vRtta pR. 22 9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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532 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) saMcaya kara liyA thA, jisake phalasvarUpa unheM sarvArthasiddha nAma ke anuttara vimAna prApta huaa| sunakSatra anagAra kA vartamAna aura bhaviSya dUsarA adhyayana sunakSatra kA hai| vaha bhI kAkandI nagarI kI bhadrA sArthavAhI kA putra thaa| usakA bhI janma se lekara dIkSAgrahaNa taka kA varNana pUrvavat samajhanA caahie| usane bhI dhanya anagAra kI taraha tapa ke pAraNe meM yAvajjIva AcAmlavrata karane kI pratijJA kii| apanI pratijJA para dRr3ha rhaa| tapa-saMyama se AtmA ko bhAvita karate hue grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa kiyA, gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyaa| tapa se zarIra kRza ho jAne para AjIvana anazana kA saMkalpa kiyaa| yAvajjIva mAsika saMllekhanA aMgIkAra kii| divaMgata ho jAne para sunakSatra anagAra bhI sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM utpanna hue| vahA~ se mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha-buddha-mukta hoNge| anuttarIpapAtika ke zeSa ATha kathAnAyakoM kA saMkSipta paricaya zeSa ATha adhyayanoM ke kathAnAyakoM kA varNana bhI sunakSatra anagAra kI taraha samajha lenA caahie| vizeSa yaha hai ki inameM se anukrama do kA rAjagRha meM, do kA sAketa meM, do kA vANijyagrAma meM nauveM kA hastinApura meM aura dasaveM kA rAjagRha meM janma huaa| ina nau kI hI mAtA bhadrA sArthavAhI thiiN| nI kA vivAhAdi saba pUrvavat sampanna huaa| nau kA niSkramaNa samAroha thAvaccAputra kI taraha huaa| vehalla kA niSkramaNa usake pitA ne kiyaa| dhanya kI dIkSA paryAya nau mAsa kI, vehalla kI 6 mAsa kI aura zeSa kumAroM kI bahuta varSoM kI rhii| sabane antima samaya meM mAsika saMllekhanA kii| sabakA sarvArthasiddha meM janma huaa| sabhI mahAvideha kSetra se siddha-buddha aura sarva karma mukta hoNge| isa prakAra anuttarIpapAtika ke tInoM vargoM ke varNana se spaSTa hai ki svalpa karma aura unameM bhI atyadhika puNyakarma ke phalasvarUpa sabako anuttara vimAna vAlA sarvottama divya loka milA, jahA~ se cyavana ke bAda manuSya janma nizcita hai aura mukti prApti bhI avazyambhAvI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM spaSTa kahA hai-uccakoTi ke deva gati, zarIra, parigraha, abhimAna Adi se atyanta hIna (kSINa) ho jAte haiN| karma bhI bahuta thor3e raha jAte haiN| 1. dekheM-anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM dhanya anagAra ke tapa se lekara samAdhimaraNa taka kA vistRta varNana (A. pra. samiti) pR. 29 se 43 2. dekheM-vahI, varga 3 a. 2 meM sunakSatra kA jIvanavRtta pR. 46 se 48 (A. pra. samiti byAvara) 3. dekheM-vahI, varga 3 a. 3 se 10 taka kA saMkSipta varNana (A. pra. samiti, byAvara) pR. 49 se 51 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 533 rAjapraznIya sUtra meM pradezIrAjA se sUryAbhadeva taka kA saMkSipta paricaya rAjapraznIya sUtra meM bhI zvetAmbikA nagarI ke pradezI rAjA kA varNana AtA hai jisakA pUrva jIvana atyanta nAstika, krUra aura pApa karma karane meM niHzaMka thA, kintu kezI zramaNa ke satsaMga se dharmazraddhA se usake jIvana ne palaTA khaayaa| vaha dharma-niSTha, ramaNIka evaM nItimAn bana gayA / antima samaya meM samAdhipUrvaka maraNa prApta karake vaha jIvana ke uttarArdha meM saMcita puNya rAAzi ke phalasvarUpa sUryAbhadeva banA / yaha thA, puNya se sukhadaphala prApti kA jvalanta udAharaNa / ' nirayAvalikA sUtra : prathama zrutaskandha, prathama varga kA saMkSipta paricaya nirayAvalikA Adi pA~ca upAMgoM meM bhI karmoM ke duHkhada - sukhada phala prApti kA varNana hai| nirayAvalikA kA artha hai jo apane pApa karmoM ke phalasvarUpa naraka gati kI AvalikA - paMkti meM praviSTa hue haiM, ve vyakti nirayAvalika haiN| nirayAvalikA sUtra Adi pA~ca upAMgoM ke pA~ca vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| sarvaprathama varga nirayAvalikA kA hai| isake prathama zrutaskandha ke prathama varga meM 90 kathAnAyakoM ke nAma se 10 adhyayana kahe gae haiM - (1) kAla, (2) sukAla, (3) mahAkAla, (4) kRSNa, (5) sukRSNa, (6) mahAkRSNa, (7) vIrakRSNa, (8) rAmakRSNa, (9) pitRsenakRSNa aura (10) mahAsenakRSNa zreNika rAjA kI kAlI, sukAlI, mahAkAlI, kRSNA, sukRSNA, mahAkRSNA, vIrakRSNA, rAmakRSNA, pitRsenakRSNA aura mahAsenakRSNA, ye dasa rAniyA~ thIM, ye koNika kI choTI mAtAe~ thiiN| inake nAma se inake putroM kA nAma rakhegaye the| jisa samaya koNika rAjA eka hAra aura seMcAnaka hAthI ko halla - vihallakumAra se hathiyAne ke lie udyata ho gayA thaa| hAra aura hAthI na dene para usane yuddha kI dhamakI bhI dI thI, aura bhI anya prakAra se bhayabhIta kara diyA thaa| ataH halla-vihallakumAra apane nAnA tatkAlIna gaNarAjyAdhipati ceTaka rAja kI zaraNa meM ge| nAnA ke dvArA samajhAne para bhI koNika nahIM mAnA aura unase yuddha karane ko udyata ho gayA / isa prakAra anyAya aura parigraha ke bhayaMkara pApa se prerita hokara koNika ne yuddha cher3a diyaa| kAlakumAra Adi dasa kumAroM ne bhI isa anyAyapUrNa yuddha meM koNika ko pUrNa sahayoga diyaa| isake kAraNa ubhaya pakSa ke eka karor3a assI lAkha manuSyoM kA saMhAra huaa| isa anyAyapUrvaka yuddha se paMcendriya vadha ke kAraNa dasoM kumAroM ko yuddha meM marakara narakagati kA atithi bananA pdd'aa| 1. dekheM- rAjapraznIyasUtra meM pradezI rAjA kA pUrvArddha aura uttarArddha kA jIvanavRtta (Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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534 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) nirayAvalikA meM inhIM dasa kumAroM ke hiMsAjanya pApakarmoM ke kAraNa narakarUpa du.kha phalaprApti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|' kalpAvataMsikA : dasa adhyayana : saMkSipta nAmollekha isa nirayAvalikA dvitIya zrutaskandhagata dUsarA varga kalpAvataMsikA (kappavaDaMsiyA) hai| isa upAMga meM saudharma, IzAna Adi kalpa vimAnavAsI devoM meM jo apane tapovizeSa se utpanna hue haiM; unakA jIvanavRtta diyA gayA hai| isake bhI dasa kathAnAyakoM ke nAma se dasa adhyayana haiM-(1) padma, (2) mahApadma, (3) bhadra, (4) subhadra, (5) padmabhadra, (6) padmasena, (7) padmagulma, (8) nalinIgulma, (9) Ananda aura (10) nndn| ina dasa kathAnAyakoM ko. puNya prakarSa-upArjana ke sukhada phala ke rUpa meM saudhamAdi devalokoM kI prApti huii| puSpikA : dasa adyayana : saMkSipta paricaya isake pazcAt nirayAvalikA tRtIya zrutaskandhagata tRtIya varga puSpikA upAMga meM 10 adhyayana haiM, jo dasa kathAnAyakoM ke nAma para haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) candra, (2) sUrya, (3) zukra, (4) bahuputrikA devI, (5) pUrNabhadra deva, (6) maNibhadra deva, (7) dattadeva (gaMgadatta), (8) ziva gRhapati, (9) valikA deva, aura (10) anAdhRta dev| isakA saMskRta rUpAntara 'puSpitA' ke TIkAkAra ne isakA nirvacana karate hue kahA-"prANI kI saMyamabhAvanA puSpita kI ho, arthAt sukha prApti yukta kI ho, use puSpitA kahate haiM, athavA saMyama ke parityAga se jo duHkhagati prApti huI thI, use mukulita kI ho, arthAt punaH asaMyama kA parityAga karake puSpita-vikasita kI ho, aisI puSpita bhAvanA kA sukharUpa pratiphala jinheM prApta huA ho, unakA jisa upAMga zAstra meM pratipAdana kiyA ho, vaha zAstra puSpitA hai| ___Azaya yaha hai ki prathama adhyayana candramA kA hai| candrendra ne indratva kaise prApta kiyA? kaise vikAsa huA? kauna-kauna isake sAmAnika deva haiM ? kauna deva isake adhInastha haiM ? ityAdi vaktavyatA hai| dUsare adhyayana meM isI prakAra sUrya sambandhI aura tRtIya adhyayana meM zukra graha sambandhI vaktavyatA hai| caturtha adhyayana meM bahuputrikA devI se sambandhita varNana hai| pA~caveM se dasaveM taka kramazaH pUrNabhadradeva kI, chaThe meM maNibhadradeva kI, sAtaveM meM pUrvabhava meM vandanA ke lie samAgata gaMgadatta deva kI, AThaveM meM dvisAgaropama sthiti vAle devarUpa meM utpanna mithilA nivAsI ziva gRhapati kI, nauveM meM dvisAgaropama 1. dekheM-NirayAvaliyA suttaM kA saMkSipta paricaya- abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, bhA. 4, pR. 2110 2. dekheM-kappavaDasiyA zabda kA vivecana, abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 3, pR. 235 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 535 sthiti vAle devarUpa meM utpanna hastinApura nivAsI vali (pali) tAka deva kI, aura dasaveM adhyayana meM dvisAgaropama kI sthiti vAle devarUpa meM utpanna kAkandI nagarI nivAsI anAdhRta gRhapati kI vaktavyatA hai| ina sabhI ne puNyopArjana ke phalasvarUpa manuSya loka se devaloka rUpa sukhada phala kI prApti kii| nirayAvalikA caturtha zrutaskandha, caturtha varga : puSpacUlikA : dasa adhyayana nirayAvalikA ke caturtha zrutaskandha ke caturtha varga kA nAma puSpacUlikA upAMga sUtra hai| isake bhI dasa adhyayana haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) zrIdevI, (2) hI devI, (3) dhRti devI, (4) kIrti devI, (5) buddhi devI, (6) lakSmI devI, (7) ilAdevI, (8) surAdevI, (9) rasA devI aura (10) gandha devii| ina dasa kathAnAyikA deviyoM ke nAma se dasa adhyayana haiN| zrIdevI kA pUrva jIvana, saMyamI jIvana aura prathama svarga prApti zrIdevI kA pUrvabhava isa prakAra hai| rAjagRha nagara ke sudarzana gRhapati kI patnI sumAlA thii| usa sudarzana gAthApati kI putrI priyA nAma kI gAthApatnI thI, usakI putrI arthAt sudarzana gAthApati dauhitrI bhUtA nAma kI dArikA thii| vaha bacapana se hI vRddhA, vRddhakumArI, jIrNA, jIrNakumArI thI, usake stana bilakula nahIM the| isalie usake pati ne use chor3a dI thii| eka bAra nagara meM puruSAdAnIya pArzvanAtha tIrthaMkara pdhaare| bhUtA dArikA ne jaba logoM se sunA ki pArzvanAtha arhat devagaNoM se parivRta rahate haiN| ataH mAtA-pitA se pUchakara vaha bhI unake darzana-vandanArtha gii| unake zrImukha se pravacana sunakara atyanta prasanna huii| nirgrantha pravacana para zraddhA, pratIti Adi prakaTa kii| pravrajyA grahaNa karane kI bhAvanA prakaTa kii| mAtA-pitA ke samakSa apanA manoratha prakaTa kiyaa| mAtA-pitA ne usakI prabala icchA jAnakara dhUmadhAma se pArzvanAtha prabhu ke samakSa ziSyA bhikSA dii| yaha puSpacUlA AryA kI ziSyA bnii| dIkSA lene ke pazcAt bhUtA AryA bAra-bAra hAtha, paira, mu~ha, sira, stana, kA~kha Adi dhotI thii| jahA~ bhI vaha baiThatI, sotI, dhyAna karatI, vahA~ pahale pAnI chIMTatI thii| usakI yaha zramaNa dharma viparIta caryA dekhakara puSpacUlA AryA ne kahA-hama zramaNiyA~ haiM, hama pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti Adi kI ArAdhaka evaM gupta brahmacAriNI haiN| isa prakAra 1. (ka) dekheM-puphiyA zabda kA vivecana-abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 4 pR. 2110, (kha) dekheM-bahuputtiyA kA jIvanavRtta-abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 5, pR. 1299 se 1302 2. dekheM-NirayAvalikA zabda ke antargata puSpacUlikA kA saMkSipta paricaya, abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA.4, pR. 2110 For Personal & Private Use Only

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536 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) zarIra ko bAra-bAra dhonA hamAre lie kalpanIya nahIM hai| tuma bAra-bAra zarIra ke aMgopAMga dhotI ho, ataH isa doSa (sthAna) kI AlocanA kro| parantu bhUtA AryA ne unakI bAta sunI-anasunI kara dii| alaga upAzraya meM rahane lgii| aba vaha berokaToka, bekhaTake, svacchanda buddhi se bAra-bAra hAtha, paira Adi aMgopAMga dhotI rahatI / vaha bhUtA AryA upavAsa, belA, telA Adi aneka prakAra kI tapasyA karatI thI / bahuta varSoM taka zramaNa paryAya kA pAlana karake bhUtA AryA ne ukta doSa kI AlocanA kiye binA hI yathAsamaya kAla kiyA aura saudharmakalpa (prathama devaloka ) meM zrIvataMsaka vimAna meM zrIdevI nAma kI devI ke rUpa meM utpanna huii| eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kA samavasaraNa rAjagRha meM guNazIlaka caitya meM lagA huA thA, vaha zrIdevI zrIvataMsaka vimAna se apanI cAra hajAra sAmAnika deviyoM tathA cAra saparivAra mahattarikAoM ke sAtha vahA~ AI / vahA~ unhoMne bahuputrikAdevI kI taraha nATya ke vividha prayoga pradarzita kiye aura vApasa lauTa giiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchane para unhoMne pharamAyA- isa prakAra pUrvabhava meM tapa-saMyama kI sAdhanA virAdhakarUpa se kI, to bhI vaha prathama devaloka meM zrIdevI nAma kI devI huI, aura aisI divya Rddhi upalabdha aura prApta kii| isakI yahA~ eka palyoyama kI sthiti hai| yahA~ se cyavakara yaha mahAvideha meM janma legI aura cAritra pAlana kara siddha-buddha-mukta hogii|' zeSa deviyoM kA jIvana : anta meM puNya ke sukhada phala kI prApti zeSa deviyoM kA jIvana bhI isI prakAra samajha lenA caahie| niSkarSa yaha hai ki puSpacUlA AryA jI ke pAsa dIkSita hokara ye sabhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM saMyama ke uttaraguNoM kI virAdhikA huiiN| antima samaya meM apane uttaraguNa meM lage doSoM kI AlocanA evaM prAyazcitta grahaNa na karane ke kAraNa ye virAdhikA huiiN| phira bhI tapasyA kI ArAdhanA se tathA mUlaguNoM kI surakSA ke kAraNa ye sabhI saudharma devaloka meM apane-apane nAma se devI bniiN| inheM apane dvArA upArjita puNyarAzi kA sukhada phala prApta huaa| vRSNidazA ke kathAnAyakoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isake pazcAt nirayAvalikA ke paMcama skandha ke paMcama varga-vRSNidazA upAMga ke 2. 1. dekheM - abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, bhA. 7, pR. 857-858 meM siridevI kA jIvanavRtta / dekheM - NirayAvaliyA zabda ke antargata zeSa deviyoM kA saMkSipta paricaya, abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 4, pR. 2110 For Personal & Private Use Only

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puNya-pApa ke nimitta se AtmA kA utthAna-patana 537 dasa kathAnAyakoM ke dasa adhyayana haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) niSadha, (2) abhidraha, (3) vaha, (4) pragati, (5) dyuti (yuti), (6) dazaratha, (7) dRr3haratha, (8) mahAdhanu, (9) saptadhanu, (10) dshdhnu| isakA nAma vRSNidazA rakhane kA kAraNa batAte hue TIkAkAra kahate haiM-jo mahAn AtmA andhakavRSNi nareza ke kula meM utpanna hue haiM, unakI dazA yAnI avasthA, carita, gati evaM siddhigamana kA varNana jisa zAstra (upAMga) meM hai, vaha vRSNidazA kahalAtA hai| cUrNikAra ke anusAra yahA~ andha zabda kA lopa karake vRSNidazA nAma rakhA gayA hai| athavA andhakavRSNi kula ke dasa kathAnAyakoM ke nAma se dasa adhyayanoM meM jo upAMga varNita hai, use bhI andhakavRSNidazA kahA hai|' niSadha dvArA bhogamArga se tyAgamArga kI sAdhanA se siddhi isake prathama adhyayana ke kathAnAyaka niSadha (NisaDha) kA saMkSepa meM jIvanavRtta isa prakAra hai-niSadha baladeva rAjA.aura revatIdevI kA putra thaa| garbha meM Ane se pUrva usakI mAtA ne siMha kA svapna dekhaa| dhUmadhAma se janmotsava mnaayaa| kalAcArya se kalAoM kA prazikSaNa grahaNa kiyaa| pacAsa rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha vivAha sampanna huaa| eka bAra to aisA mAlUma hotA thA, mAno niSadhakumAra bhogoM meM AkaNTha DUba jaayegaa| parantu eka bAra jaba dvArikA nagarI meM bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA padArpaNa huA, taba unakA pravacana sunakara usake hRdaya meM Ananda kA pAra na rhaa| usane zrAvaka dharma aMgIkAra kiyaa| usa samaya varadatta anagAra ne bhagavAn se pUchA-bhagavan! yaha niSadhakumAra bahuta hI iSTa, kAnta, priya, manojJa, manorama, saumya evaM priyadarzana lagatA hai| isane aisI Rddhi sampadA kaise aura kyA karake labdha aura prApta kI? ... bhagavAn ne niSadha ke pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunAte hue kahA-bhAratavarSa meM rohIDaka nAmaka nagara thaa| vahA~ ke rAjA kA nAma mahabbala aura rAnI kA nAma padmAvatI thaa| unake eka putra kA janma huaa| nAma rakhA viirNgt| yauvanavaya meM padArpaNa karate hI 32 zreSTha rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha usakA pANigrahaNa kiyaa| vivAha ke uparAMta vIraMgatakumAra sabhI RtuoM ke yogya bhoga sAmagrI upabhoga karatA huA jIvanayApana kara rahA thaa| . eka dina rohIDaka nagara meM siddhArtha nAma ke AcArya pdhaare| vIraMgatakumAra ne unake darzana kiye, pravacana sunA aura saMsAra ke bhogoM se use virakti ho gii| mAtA-pitA se pUchakara dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| phira vIraMgata anagAra ne sAmAyikAdi 11 aMgoM kA 1. dekheM-abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 6, pR. 830 meM vRSNidazA kI vyaakhyaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

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538 karma-vijJAna : bhAga-2 : karmaphala ke vividha AyAma (5) adhyayana kiyA / bahuta prakAra kI tapasyA kI / antima samaya meM do mAsa kA saMllekhanA saMdhArA (120 TAima kA tyAga ) karake AlocanA prAyazcitta se AtmA ko zuddha karake yathAsamaya dehatyAga kiyA aura dasa sAgaropama kI sthiti vAle brahmalokakalpa nAmaka vaimAnika devaloka meM devarUpa meM utpanna huaa| vIraMgata deva vahA~ se cyavakara isI dvArikA nagarI meM baladeva rAjA kI revatIdevI kI kukSi se putrarUpa meM utpanna huaa| pUrvakRta zubhakarmoM ke prabhAva se ise sukhada phala ke rUpa meM aisI Rddhi evaM sampannatA milI hai| bhagavAn se pUchA gayA ki kyA niSadhakumAra Apake pAsa pravrajita hogA ? bhagavAn ne kahA - " avazya hogaa|" eka dina niSadhakumAra ko apanI pauSadhazAlA meM ardharAtri meM dharmajAgaraNA karate hue aisA suvicAra utpanna huA ki "yadi bhagavAna ariSTanemi yahA~ padhAreM to maiM gRhastha dharma chor3akara anagAra dharma meM pravrajita ho jAU~ / " bhagavAn padhAre / niSadhakumAra ne dIkSA lii| sAmAyika Adi 11 aMgoM kA sthaviroM se adhyayana kiyaa| aneka prakAra kI utkaTa tapazcaryA kI / nau mAsa se adhika kA zrAmaNyaparyAya cala rahA thaa| tapazcaryA se zarIra kRza ho gayA thaa| ataH yathAvasara bhagavAn se anujJA lekara 21 dina kA saMllekhanA saMthArA kiyaa| bhagavAn ne niSadha anagAra ke divaMgata ho jAne para varadatta gaNadhara dvArA niSedha ke bhaviSya ke viSaya meM pUche jAne para kahA - " vaha sarvazreSTha sarvocca sarvArthasiddha nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM devarUpa se utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se AyuSya pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM vizuddha prItivaMza nAmaka rAjakula meM putrarUpa meM utpanna hogaa| sthaviroM se anagAra dharma kI pravrajyA grahaNa karegA aura antima samaya meM mAsika sallekhanA kI ArAdhanA karake sarvakarmakSaya kara siddha-buddha-mukta hogA / "" zeSa adhyayanoM ke kathAnAyakoM kA jIvanavRtta bhI prAyaH samAna hai| sirpha nAmoM meM antara hai| tattvataH sabhI eka hI lakSya ko lekara cale haiM / sabane tapa-saMyama kI zuddha ArAdhanA karake siddhi-muktirUpa sarvaduHkhAntarUpa phala prApta kiyaa| isa prakAra puNya aura pApa ke sukharUpa aura duHkharUpa phala ke nimitta se bhI sabane anta meM ananta sukharUpa mokSa phala prApta kiyaa| 9. dekheM- abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhA. 4, pR. 2136 se 2138 taka niSadhakumAra kA jIvanavRtta / For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaina samAja ke pratibhA puruSa upAcArya zrI devendra muni jI ma. guru caraNoM meM rahakara vinaya evaM samarpaNa bhAvapUrvaka satata jJAnArAdhanA karate hue zrutasevA ke prati sarvAtmanA samarpita hone vAle prajJApuruSa zrI devendramuni jI kA Antarika jIvana atIva nirmala, sarala, vinamra, madhura aura saMyamArAdhanA ke lie jAgarUka hai| unakA bAhya vyaktitva utanA hI mana bhAvana, prabhAvazAlI aura zAlIna hai| unake vANI, vyavahAra meM jJAna kI garimA aura saMyama kI sahaja zubhratA parilakSita hotI hai| Apa saMskRta, prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke adhikArI vidvAna haiM, Agama, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, darzana sAhitya, itihAsa Adi viSayoM ke gahana adhyetA hai| cintaka aura vicAraka hone ke sAtha hI siddhahasta lekhaka haiN| vi.saM. 1988 dhanaterasa ko udayapura ke sampanna jaina parivAra meM dinAMka 7.11.1931 ko jnm| vi. saM. 1997 gurudeva zrI puSkaramuni jI ma. ke sAnnidhya meM bhAgavatI jaina diikssaa| vi. saM. 2044 vaizAkhI pUrNimA (13.5.1987) AcArya zrI Ananda RSi jI ma. dvArA zramaNa saMgha ke upAcArya pada para mnoniit| vividha viSayoM para aba taka 350 se adhika laghu/bRhad granthoM kA smpaadn/sshodhn/lekhn| jJAnayoga kI sAdhanA/ArAdhanA meM saMlagna evaM nirmala saadhk| -dineza muni For Personal & Private Use Only

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karma vijJAna : eka paricaya 25 karma vijJAna jIva-jagata kI samasta ulajhanoM/ samasyAoM ko samajhane/sulajhAne kI kuMjI hai aura samasta duHkhoM/cintAoM se mukta/nirlepa rahane kI kalA bhI hai| prastuta grantha meM dhArmika, dArzanika, saiddhAntika, vaijJAnika evaM vyAvahArika dRSTibinduoM se karma siddhAnta kA svarUpa samajhAne kA yukti puraskAra eka anUThA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| kAmadhenu priMTarsa eNDa pablizarsa, AgarA-282 002. karma vijJAna For Personal & Private Use Only Mohan Mudranalaya CAGRA, Ph: 72095.