Tirthankar Mahavira aur Unki Acharya Parampara Part 2

Author(s): Nemichandra Shastri
Publisher: Shantisagar Chhani Granthamala
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/090508/1

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tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA zrutadhara aura sArasvata AcArya

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tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA dvitIya khaNDa lekhaka DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya, ema.e. pI-eca.DI. DI. liTa (isa bhAga kA mudraNa zrI digambara jaina samAja gayA ke ke saujanya se) AcArya zantisAgara chANI granthamAlA

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viSaya-sUcI prathama pariccheda zrutaparAcArya viSaya AcArya : svaSpa evaM vivecana AcArga aura vAGmaya zruta yA AgamakA svarUpa, meda evaM viSaya zruta yA Agamake meda zruta yA AgamajJAnase sambaddha AvArya-paramparA zrutadharAcArya sArasvatAcArya prabuddhAcArya paramparApoSakAcArya kavi aura lekhaka zrutagharAcArya zrAcArya guNapara samaya-vicAra racanA : kaSAyapAhuTa : paricaya A0 guNadharakI racanA-zakti aura pratibhA AcArya dharasena samaya nirNaya pANDitya AcArya puSpadanta aura unakI racanA samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAzakti aura pratibhA AcArya bhUtabali samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAzakti aura pANDitya viSaya-sUcI : 17

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77 79 72 viSa racanA : SaTakhaNDAgama : pAracaya 1. jIvaTThANa :. khuddAbaMdha 3. baMdhasAbhittacicaya 4. vedanAkhaMDa 5. vaggaNAkhaMDa 6. mahAbaMdha AcArya AyamaMkSa AcArya mAgahasti samaya-nirNaya zrutAbhijJatA aura pANDitya AcArya bajrayaza sasamA nirdhAraNa AcArya cirantanAcArya AcArya yativRSabha samaya nirNaya racanAeM 1. cUNisUtra : paricaya 2. tiloyapaNNattI : viSaya-vivecana yativRSabhako anya racanAeM uccAraNAcA samaya- nirdhAraNa bappadevAcArya samaya-vicAra dhedRSya aura pratibhA vAcArya kumvaphunda guruparamparA jIvanabUna : ghaTita ghaTanAeM samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAeM 1. pravacanasAra 18 : tIrthakara mahAbIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA

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viSaya 112 114 114 114 114 114 114 115 115 115 115 2. samayasAra 3. paMcAstikAya 4. niyamasAra 5. bArasa-aNuvekAna! 6. dasaNa-pAhuDa 7. cAritta-pAhuDa 8. sutta-pAhuDa 9. boha-pAhuDa 10. bhAva-pAhuDa 11. mokkha pAhuDa 12. liMga-pAhuDa 13. sIla-pAhuDa 14. rayaNa-sAra 15. siddha-bhatti 16. suda-bhatti 17. cAritta-bhatti 18. joi-tti 19, Airiya-bhatti 20. NivvANa-bhatti 21. paMcaguru-bhatti 22. thAssAmi kSudi (titthayara-bhatti) AcArya baTTakera samaya-nirdhAraNa racanA : mUlAcAra : paricaya zivArya jIvana-paricaya guruparamparA aura sampradAya samaya-nirdhAraNa racanA : bhagavatI ArAdhanA : paricaya pANDitya aura pratibhA AcArtha kumAra yA svAmikumAra (kAtikeya) samaya-nirdhAraNa 115 115 116 117 119 120 122 125 128 131 viSaya-sUcI : 19

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viSaya 150 racanA : dvAdazAnuprekSA : paricaya racanA-pratimA gapicchAcArya guruparamparA samaya-nidhAraNa racanA : tattvArthasUtra : paricaya mahatva varNya viSaya sattvArthasUtrako racanAkA srota satrapATha maGgalAcaraNa racanA pratibhA evaM racanA zailI 156 159 170 171 174 17 184 185 dvitIya pariccheda sArasvatAcArya sArasvatAcArya : svarUpa acArya samantabhadra jIvana-paricaya gRha-ziSyaparamparA samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAe~ 1. svayambhUstotra 2. stuti-vidyA (jinazataka) 3. devAgama (AptamImAMsA) 4. yuktyanuzAsana 5. ratnakaraNDakavAvakAcAra pratibhA evaM veduSya AcArya siddhasena jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAe~ 188 189 190 191 198 205 206 209 20 : toyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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viyaya 215 219 222 225 225 225 225 229 230 24 1. sanmatisUtra 2. kalyANandira AcArya devanamvi-pUjyapAva jIvana-paricaya samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. dazakti 2. janmAbhiSeka 3 tattvArthavRtti (sarvArthasiddhi) 4. samAdhitantra 5 izopadeza 6. jainendravyAkaraNa 7. siddhipriyastotra vaiduSya evaM kAvyapratibhA pAtrakesarI (pAtrasvAmI) jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirNaya racanAe~ 1. pAtrakesarIstotra 2. trilakSaNa-kadarthana pratibhA evaM vaiduSya AcArya joiMbu jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirNaya racanAe~ 1. paramAtmaprakAza (apabhraMza) 2. naukArazrAvakAcAra (apabhraMza) 3. yogasAra (apabhraMza) 4. adhyAtma-sandoha (saMskRta) 5. subhASitataMtra (saMskRta) 6. tattvArthaTIkA (saMskRta) 239 243 245 246 248 248 248 251 251 viSaya-sUcI : 21

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252 254 256 25.7 267 068 271 275 276 276 277 278 291 292 viSaya pratibhA evaM vaiduSya vimalasuri jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirdhAraNa racanA : paumariya : paricaya AcArya RSiputra AcArya mAnatuGga jIvana-paricaya samaya-vicAra racanA : bhaktAmarastotra : paricaya AcArya raviSeNa jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirdhAraNa racanA : padmacarita (padmapurANa) : paricaya AcArya jayasiMhanandi jIvana-paricaya sthiti-kAla racanA : varAGgacarita : paricaya AcArya sakaladeva jIvana-paricaya samaya-nirdhAraNa racanAe~ 1. laghIyastraya (svoyajJavRttisahita) 2. nyAyavinizcaya (svoyajJavRttiyuta) 2 [3. siddhivinizcaya savRtti 1 [4. pramANasaMgraha savRtti 5. tasvArthavAtika sabhASya 6. aSTazatI (devAgama-vivRti) elAcArya paricaya samaya-nirNaya pratibhA evaM duSya 22 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA 253 295 llh 301 304 306 306 llh llh 311 314 lh sh sh 320

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321 322 323 324 324 336 336 338 340 viSaya vIrasenAcArya jIvana-paricaya sthiti-kAla racanAeM 1. dhavalATokA 2. jayadhavalATIkA AdhA jinasena dvitIya jIvana-paricaya samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. pAna bhyudaya 2. AdipurANa 3. jayadhavalATIkA mAnArya vidyAnanda jIvana-vRtta samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. AptaparIkSA satti 2. pramANa-parIkSA 3. patra-parokSA 4. satyazAsanaparIkSA 5. vidyAnandamahodaya 6. zrIpurapArzvanAthastotra 7. tattvArthazlokavAttika samASya 8. aSTasahasrI (devAgamAlaMkAra) 9. yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkAra AcArya devasena racanAe~ 1. darzanasAra 2. bhAvasaMgraha 3. ArASanarasAra 347 348 348 352 352 355 356 357 359 359 365 365 370 371 377 viSaya-sUcI : 23

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380 394 394 394 395 viSaya 4. tattvasAra 5. laghunayacaka 6. AlApapaddhati AcArya amitagati prathama sthitikAla rakhamA amitagati dvitIya racanAe~ 1. subhASitaratnasaMdoha 2. dharmaparIkSA 3. upAsakAcAra 4. ArAdhanA 5. bhAvanAdvAtriMzatikA 6. paMcasaMgraha (saMskRta) 7. prAkRtapaMdhasaMgraha viSaya-paricaya amRtavamasUri jIvana-paricaya samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. puruSArthasidhyupAya 2. tasvArthasAra 3. viSayasrota 4. samayasAra-kalaza 5. samayasAra-TokA 6. pravacanasAra-TIkA 7. pancAstikAya TIkA AcA' memicandra siddhAMtacakravartI jIvana paricaya samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. gommaTasAra 24 : sodhakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA 402 403 405 405 408 413 415 416 417 417 418 421 422 423

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viSaya 427 432 433 434 435 439 2. gommaTasAra karmakANDa 3. trilokasAra 4. labdhisAra AcArya narendrasena jIvana-paricaya aura samaya-vicAra racanA nemicandra muni samaya-vicAra racanAe~ 1. laghudravyasaMgraha 2. bRhadvya saMgraha anya carcita sArasvatAcArya AcArya siMhanadi AcArya sumati AcArya kumAranandi AcArya zrIdata kumArasenaguru vajrasUri yazobhadra AcArya zAnta aura zAntikSepa vizeSavAdi zrIpAla kAbhikSa kanakanandi 466 449 451 451 452 452 452 viSaya-sUcI : 25

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yadIyA vAggaMgA vividha-naya-kallola-vimalA bRhadajJAnAmbhobhirjagati janatAM yA snapayati / idAnImapyeSA budhajana - marAlaiH paricitA mahAvIrasvAmI nayana - patha - gAmI bhavatu naH / / - paNDita bhAgacandra, mahAvIrASTaka

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! i prAk kathana bhAratavarSakA kamavaddha itihAsa buddha aura mahAvIra se prArambha hotA hai / inameM se prathama bauddha ke saMsthApaka the, to dvitIya the jainadhagaMke antima tIrthakara / 'tIrthaMkara' zabda jainadharmake caubIsa pravattaMkoMke lie rUr3ha jaisA ho gayA hai, yadyapi hai yaha yaugika hI / dharmarUpI tIrthaMke pravartakako hI tIrthaMkara kahate haiM / AcArya samantabhadrane pandrahaveM tIrthaMkara dharmanAthakI stutimeM unheM 'dharmatIrthamanaghaM pravartayan ' padake dvArA gharmatIrtha kA pravartaka kahA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra bhI usI dharma tIrtha ke antima pravatrtaka the aura Adi pravartaka the bhagavAn RSabhadeva / yahI kAraNa hai ki hindU purANoMmeM jainadharmakI utpattike prasaMgase ekamAtra bhagavAn RSabhadevakA hI ullekha milatA hai kintu bhagavAn mahAvIrakA saMketa taka nahIM hai jaba unhIM ke samakAlIna buddhako viSNu ke avatAroMmeM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / isake viparIta tripiTaka sAhitya meM niggaMThanATaputtakA tathA unake anuyAyI nirgranthoM kA ullekha bahutAyata se milatA hai| unhoMko lakSya karake sva0 DaoN0 hamana yAkobone apanA jaina sUtroMkI prastAvanA meM likhA hai - 'isa bAta se aba saba sahamata haiM ki nAtaputta, jo mahAvIra athavA vardhamAna ke nAmase prasiddha haiM, buddhake samakAlIna the| bauddhagranthoMmaM milanevAle ullekha hamAre isa vicArako dRr3ha karate haiM ki nAtaputta se pahale bhI nirgranthoMkA, jo Aja jaina athavA Arhata nAmase atrika prasiddha haiM, astitva thA / jaba bauddhadharma utpanna huA taba nirgranthoMkA sampradAya eka bar3e sampradAyake rUpameM ginA jAtA hogA / bauddha piTakoM meM kucha nirgranthoMkA buddha aura unake ziSyoMke virodhIke rUpameM aura kuchakA buddha anuyAyI bana jAne ke rUpameM varNana AtA hai / usake Uparase hama ukta anumAna kara sakate haiN| isake viparIta ina granthoMmeM kisI bhI sthAnapara aisA koI ullekha yA sUcaka vAkya dekhanemeM nahIM AtA ki nirgranthoMkA sampradAya eka navobha sampradAya hai aura nAtaputta usake saMsthApaka haiN| isake Uparase hama yaha anumAna kara sakate haiM ki buddha ke janmase pahale ati prAcIna kAlase nirgranthoMkA astitva calA AtA hai / " anyatra DaoN0 yAkovIne likhA hai--' isameM koI bhI sabUta nahIM hai ki pAvaMnAtha jainadharma ke saMsthApaka the| jaina paramparA prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadevako jaina dharmakA saMsthApaka mAnane meM ekamata hai| isa mAnyatA meM aitihAsika satyakI sambhAvanA hai / ' prAk kathana : 9

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prasiddha dArzanika DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNanne apane 'bhAratIya darzana' meM kahA hai'jaina paramparA RSabhadevase apane dharmakI utpatti honekA kathana karatI hai, jo bahusa-sI zatAbdiyoM pUrva hue haiM / isa bAtake pramANa pAye jAte haiM ki IsvI pUrva prathama zatAbdI meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadevako pUjA hotI thI / isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki jainadharma vardhamAna aura pAzvanAthase bhI pahale pracalita thA / yajurvedameM RSabhadeva, ajisanAtha aura ariSTanemi ina tIna tIrthaMkaroMke nAmoMkA nirdeza hai / bhAgavata purANa bhI isa bAtakA samarthana karatA hai ki RSabhadeva jainadharmake saMsthApaka the|' ___ yathArthameM vaidikoMkI paramparAkI taraha zramaNoMkI bhI paramparA ati prAcIna kAlase isa deza meM pratita hai / inhIM donoM paramparAoMke melase prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtikA nirmANa hayA hai| unhIM zramaNoM ko parama bhaganA mahAgIra hue the / buddhakI taraha ve bhI eka kSatriya rAjakUmAra the| unhoMne bhI gharakA parityAga karake kaThora sAdhanAkA mArga apanAyA thA / yaha eka vicitra bAta hai ki zramaNa paramparAke ina do pravartakoMkI taraha vaidika paramparAke anuyAyI hindUdharmameM mAnya rAma aura kRSNa bhI kSatriya the / kintu unhoMne gRhasthAzrama aura rAjyAsanakA parityAga nahIM kiyA / yahI pramukha antara ina donoM paramparAoMmeM hai| kRSNa bhI yogo kahe jAte haiM kintu ve karmayogI the| mahAvIra jJAnayogI the| karmayoga aura jJAnayogameM antara hai| karmayogIko pravRtti bAhyAbhimukhI hotI hai aura jJAnayogIko aantraabhimukhii| karmayogIko karmameM rasa rahatA hai aura jJAnayogIko jJAnameM / jJAnameM rasa rahate hue karma karanepara bhI karmakA kartA nahIM kahA jaataa| aura karmameM rasa rahate hue karma nahIM karanepara bhI karmakA kartA kahalAtA hai / karma pravRttirUpa hotA hai aura jJAna nivRttirUpa / pravRtti aura nivRttiko yaha paramparA sAdhanAkAlameM milI-julI jaisI calatI hai kintu jyoM-jyoM nivRtti bar3hatI jAtI hai pravRttikA svataH hrAsa hotA jAtA hai / isIko AtmasAdhanA kahate haiN| ___ yathArthameM vicAra kara dekheM-pravRttike mala mana, vacana aura kAya haiM / kintu AtmAke na mana hai, na vacana hai aura na kAya hai| ye saba to karmajanya upAdhiyA~ haiN| ina upAdhiyoMmeM jise rasa hai vaha AtmajJAnI nahIM hai| jo AtmajJAnI ho jAtA hai use ye upAdhiyA~ vyAdhiyAM hI pratIta hotI haiN| inakA nirodha sarala nahIM hai| kintu inakA nirodha hue binA pravRttise chuTakArA bhI sambhava nahIM hai / usIke lie bhagavAna mahAvIrane saba kucha tyAga kara vanakA mArga liyA thA / saMsAra-mAgiyoMkI dRSTi meM bhale hI yaha 'palAyanavAda' pratIta ho, kintu isa palAyanavAdako apanAye binA nirvANa-prAptikA dUsarA 10 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA

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mArga bhI nahIM hai / bhogI aura yogIkA mArga eka kaise ho sakatA haiN| tabhI to gItAmeM kahA hai | yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAM tasyAM jAgata saMyamI / yasyAM jAgAMta bhUtAni sA nizA pomuneH // saMyamI jAgatA hai aura jisameM 'saba prANiyoMke lie jo rAta hai usameM prANI jAgate haiM vaha AtmadarzI munikI rAta hai|' isa prakAra bhogI saMsArase yogIke dina-rAta bhinna hote haiN| saMyamau mahAvIrane bhI Atma-sAdhanA ke dvArA kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA ke prAtaH sUryodayase pahale nirvANa lAbha kiyA ! jainoMke ullekhAnunAra usake upalakSameM dIpamAlikAkA Ayojana huA aura unake nirvANa lAbhako paccIsa sau varSa pUrNa hue| usIke upalakSa meM vizvameM mahotsavakA Ayojana kiyA gayA hai| usoke smRti meM 'tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako mAcArya-paramparA' nAmaka yaha bRhatkAya grantha cAra khaNDoM meM prakAzita ho rahA hai| isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unake bAda paccIsa sau varSo meM hue vividha sAhityakAroMkA paricayAdi unakI sAhitya sAdhanAkA mUlyAMkana karate hue vidvAn lekhakane nibaddha kiyA hai / unhoMne isa granthake lekhanameM kitanA zrama kiyA, yaha to isa granthako Adyanta par3hanevAle hI jAna skeNge| mere jAnate meM prakRta viSaya se sambaddha koI grantha, yA lekhAdi unakI dRSTise ojhala nahIM rahA / tabhI to isa apanI kRtiko samApta karane ke pazcAt hI ve svargata ho gaye aura ise prakAzameM lAne ke lie unake abhinna sakhA DA~0 koThiyAne kitanA zrama kiyA hai, ise ve dekha nahIM sake / 'bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA' meM lekhaka ne apanA jIvana utsarga karake jo zraddhA ke sumana car3hAye haiM unakA mUlyAMkana karanekI kSamatA ina paMktiyoMke lekhaka meM nahIM hai| vaha to itanA hI kaha sakatA hai ki AcArya nemicandra zAstrIne apanI isa kRtike dvArA svayaM apane ko bhI usa paramparAmeM sammilita kara liyA hai / unakI isa adhyayana pUrNa kRtimeM aneka vicAraNIya aitihAsika prasaMga Aye | bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya, mAtA-pitA, janmasthAna Adike viSaya meM to koI matabheda nahIM hai / kintu unake nirvANasthAnake sambandhameM kucha samayase vivAda khar3A ho gayA hai / madhyamA pAvAmeM nirmANa huA, yaha sarvasammatta ullekha hai / tadanusAra rAjagRhIke pAsa pAvA sthAnako hI nirvANabhUmike rUpameM mAnA jAtA hai| vahA~ eka tAlAbake madhyameM vizAla mandirameM unake caraNa prAk kathana 11

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cinha sthApita haiM / yaha sthAna magadhameM hai / dUsarI pAvA uttara pradeza ke devariyA jilemeM kuzInagara ke samIpa hai / DaoN0 zAstrIne magaghavartI pAvAko ho nirvANabhUmi mAnA hai / bimbasAra zreNika bhagavAna mahAvIrakA parama bhakta thA / usakI mRtyu DaoN0 zAstrIne bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANake bAda mAnI hai, unheM aise ullekha mile haiM / kintu yaha aitihAsika prasaMga vicAraNIya hai / unhoMne jaina tattva-jJAnakA bhI bahuta vistArase vivecana kiyA hai aura prAyaH sabhI Avazyaka viSayoMpara prakAza DAlA hai / dUsarA, tIsarA tathA cauthA khaNDa to eka taraha se jenalA hityakara itihAsa jaisA hai| saMkSepameM unakI yaha bahumUlya kRti abhinandanIya hai / AzA hai isakA yatheSTa samAdara hogA / kailAzacandra zAstrI 12 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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Amukha bhAratIya saMskRtimeM Arhata saMskRtikA pramukha sthAna hai| isake darzana, siddhAMta, dharma aura usake pravartaka tIrthaMkaroM tathA unako paramparAkA mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai| Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadevase lekara antima caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra' aura unake uttaravartI AcAryone adhyAtma-vidyAkA, jise upaniSad-sAhityameM 'parA vidyA' (utkRSTa vidyA) kahA gayA hai, sadA upadeza diyA aura bhAratako cetanAko jAgRta evaM UrdhvamukhI rakhA hai| bhAtmAko paramAtmAkI ora le jAne tathA zAzvata sukhakI prAptike lie unhoMne ahiMsA, indriyanigraha, tyAga aura samAdhi (AtmalInatA) kA svayaM AcAraNa kiyA aura pazcAt unakA dUsaroMko upadeza diyaa| sambhavataH isIse ve adhyAtma-zikSAdAtA aura zramaNa-saMskRtike pratiSThAtA kahe gaye haiM / Aja bhI unakA mArgadarzana niSkaluSa evaM upAdeya mAnA jAtA hai| tIrthakara mahApora isa saMskRti ke prabuddha, sabala, prabhAvazAlI aura antima pracAraka the| unakA darzana, siddhAnta, dharma aura unakA pratipAdaka vAGmaya vipula mAtrAmeM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai tathA usI dizAmeM usakA yogadAna ho rahA hai| ataeva bahuta samayase anubhava kiyA jAtA rahA hai ki tIrthaMkara mahAvIrakA sarvAGgapUrNa paricAyaka grantha honA cAhie, jisake dvArA sarvasAdhAraNako unake jIvanavRtta, upadeza aura paramparAkA vizada parijJAna ho sake / yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIrapara prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza aura hindImeM likhA paryApta sAhitya upalabdha hai, para usase sarvasAdhAraNako jijJAsA zAnta nahIM hotii| saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki rASTrane tIrthakara varddhamAna-mahAvIrako nirvANa-rajatazatI rASTrIya starasara manAnekA nizcaya kiyA hai, jo AgAmI kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA vIra-nirvANa saMvat 2501, dinAGka 13 navambara 1974 se kAttika 1. dharmatIrthakarebhyo'stu syAdvAdimyo namonamaH / RSabhAdi-mahAvIrAntebhyaH svAtmopalabdhaye // bhaTTAkaladeva, laghIyastraya, maGgalapadya 1 / 2. muNDakopaniSad 1116415 / 3, svAmI samantamaha, yuktyanuzAsana kA0 6 / Amukha : 13

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kRSNA amAvasyA, vIra- nirvANa saMvat 2502, dinAka 13 navambara 1975 taka pUre eka varSaM manAyI jAvegI / yaha maGgala - prasaGga bhI ukta grantha-nirmANa ke lie utpreraka rahA / ataH akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatparipa isa mahAn durlabha avasarapara tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unake darzana se sambandhita vizAla evaM tathyapUrNa granthake nirmANa aura prakAzanakA nizcaya tathA saMkalpa kiyA / pariSad ne isake hetu aneka baiThakeM kIM aura unameM granthakI rUparekhApara gambhIratAse kahApoha kiyA / phalataH granthakA nAma 'tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcAryaparamparA' nirNIta huA aura lekhanakA dAyitva vidvatpariSad ke tatkAlIna adhyakSa, aneka granthoMke lekhaka, mUrdhanya manISI, AcArya nemicandra zAstrI ArA (bihAra) ne saharSa svIkAra kiyA | AcArya zAstrIne pA~ca varSa lagAtAra kaThora parizrama, adbhuta lagana aura asAdhAraNa adhyavasAyase use cAra khaNDoM tathA lagabhaga 2000 (do hajAra ) pRSThoM meM sRjita karake 30 sitambara 1973 ko vidvatpariSadko prakAzanAyaM de diyA / vicAra huA ki samagra granthakA eka bAra vAcana kara liyA jAya / AcArya zAstrI sthAdvAda mahAvidyAlayakI prabandhakAriNIko vaiThakameM sammilata honeke lie 30 sitambara 1973 ko vArANasI padhAre the / aura apane sAtha ukta granthake cAroM khaNDa lete Aye the / ataH 1 aktUbara 1973 se 15 aktUbara 1973 taka 15 dina vArANasI meM hI pratidina prAyaH tIna samaya tona-tIna ghaNTe granthakA vAcana huaa| bAcanameM AcArya zAstrIke atirikta siddhAntAcArya zraddheya paNDita kailAzacandrajI zAstrI pUrva pradhAnAcAryaM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI, DaoNkTara jyotiprasAdajI lakhanaU aura hama sammilita rahate the / AcArya zAstrI svayaM vAcate the aura hamaloga sunate the / yathAvasara AvazyakatA par3ane para sujhAva bhI de diye jAte the / yaha vAcana 15 aktUbara 1973 ko samApta huA aura 16 aktUbara 1973 ko grantha prakAzanArtha mahAvIra presako de diyA gayA / grantha- paricaya isa vizAla evaM asAmAnya granthakA yahA~ saMkSepameM paricaya diyA jAtA hai, jisase grantha kitanA mahattvapUrNa hai aura lekhakane usake sAtha kitanA ameya pari zrama kiyA hai, yaha sahajameM jJAta ho sakegA / yahA~ dvitIya khaNDa kA paricaya prastuta hai zrutarAcArya aura sArasvatAcArya tIrthaMkara mahAvIrake siddhAntoM aura vAGmayakA avadhAraNa evaM saMrakSaNa unake uttaravartI zramaNoM aura upAsakoMne kiyA hai / isa mahAn kAryameM vigata 14 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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khaNDa : 3 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya prathama pariccheda zrutadharAcArya paTTAvaliyoM, abhilekhoM evaM prazastiyoMse zrutArAdhaka AcAryoMkI paramparAkA parijJAna prApta hotA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIrake nirvANa-gamana ke pazcAt digambara AcAryoM ne vAGmayakA praNayana kara ratnatraya dharmakI jyotiko satata prajvalita kiyA / Atmazodhana aura Atma-ArAdhanake sAtha zrutake akhaNDa dIpako sadaiva prajvalita rahane ke hetu paramparAse prApta jJAnarAziko mUrtarUpa dekara sarasvatIkA avatAra prastuta kiyA / vastutaH digambarAcAryoMne mahAvIrakI paramparAko jIvita rakhane ke lie agaNita granthoMkA praNayanakara apanI sAdhanAmeM guNAtmaka parivartana kara paramparAko jIvanta rakhA hai / AcArya svarUpa evaM vivecana - AcAryakI paribhASA aura svarUpake sambandha meM AgranthoM meM jo sAmagrI upalabdha hai, usase spaSTa hotA hai ki AcAryake liye caturdaza vidyAkA pAraMgata evaM grantha-praNetA honA Avazyaka hai| yaha digambara rUpa meM Atma-sAdhanA karatA huA nirvyAja bhAvase zrutako sAdhanA karatA hai| dhavalA TIkAmeM AcArya vIrasenane likhA hai - " paJcavidhamAcAraM caranti -1

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cArayantItyAcAryAH caturdazavidyAsthAnapAragAH ekAdazAGgadharAH / AcArAGgaSaro vA tAtkAlika svasamayaparasamayapArago vA meruriva nizcalaH kSitiriva sahiSNuH sAMgara iva bahiH kSiptamalaH saptabhayavipramuktaH AcAryaH |"" uparyukta uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki jo darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa aura vIyaM ina pA~ca AcAroMkA svayaM AcaraNa karate haiM aura dUsare sAdhuoMse AcaraNa karAte hai tathA jo caudaha vidyAsthAnoM meM pAraMgata haiM, gyAraha aMgake ghArI hai athavA yAcArAMga mAtrake jJAtA haiM aura tatkAlIna svasamaya-parasamaya meM pAraMgata haiM, ve AcArya kahalAte haiM | AcAryaM meruke samAna nizcala, pRthvIke samAna sahanazIla, samudrake samAna mala arthAt doSoMko pheMkane vAle acelaka evaM saptabhayase mukta hote haiM / Azaya yaha hai ki jo muni samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrakI adhikatA ke kAraNa pradhAna padako prApta kara saMghake nAyaka banate haiM tathA mukhyarUpase nirvikalpasvarUpAcaraNa cAritra meM magana rahate haiM, para kabhI-kabhI dharma-pipAsu jIvoMko rAgAMzakA udaya honeke kAraNa karuNAbuddhise upadeza dete evaM pratthoMkA praNayana karate haiM / jo dIkSA lene ke icchuka haiM unheM dIkSA denA aura doSanivedana karane vAloMko prAyazcitta denA bhI AcAryakA kArya hai / ghavalA kA TIkA meM AcAryaM vIrasenane katipaya gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiN| unase avagata hotA hai ki paramAgama ke paripUrNa abhyAsa aura anubhavase jinakI buddhi nirmala ho gayI hai, jo nirdoSa rItise chaH AvazyakoM kA pAlana karate haiM, jo meru parvata ke samAna niSkampa haiM, zUravIra haiM, sihake samAna nirbhIka hai, zreSTha haiM, deza, kula aura jAti se zuddha haiM, somyamUrti haiM, antaraMga aura bahiraMga parigrahase rahita haiM, AkAzake samAna nirlepa haiM, aise AcArya hote haiM / ye dIkSA aura prAyazcita dete haiM, paramAgama arthake pUrNajJAtA aura apane mUlaguNoM meM niSTha rahate haiM / mUlAcArameM AcArya ke svarUpakA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA hai ki caudaha 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, jIvasthAna-satprarUpaNA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 48. 2. paNa jalahi-jaloya ra pahAyAmala - buddhi-suddha - chAvAso | meru va NikaMdo sUro paMcANaNo vajI // 29 // desa -kula- jAi suddhA somaMgo saMga-saMga ummuko gayaNa va Nizvaleno Airiyo eriso hoI // 30 // saMgaha NimAha- kurAko suttatya-visAra pahiya- kitI / sAraNa-vAraNa sAhRNa kiriyujjuto du Airiyo ||31|| - pavATIkA, prathama pustaka, pRSTha 49 / 2 : sIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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pUrvo kA jJAtA, pravacanakarttA evaM dIkSita ziSyoMke nimitta sUtrArthako vizada karanevAle granthoM kA jJAtA AcArya hotA hai / batAyA hai"sissANuggaha-kusalo dhammuvadeso ya saMgha vaTTavala / majjAduvadeso vi ya gaNa-parikhakho muNeyavyo / saMgaha guggaha- kusalo suttatya-visArao pahiya kittI / kiriAcaraNa sujutto gAhRya AdeujavayaNo ya || gaMbhIro duddhariso sUro dhammappahAvaNA-sIlo / khidi-sasi sAya-saraso kameNa taM so du saMpatto // mUlAcArake ukta uddharaNase spaSTa hai ki AcArya ziSyoMkA anugraha, dharmopadeza, saMgha-pravartana, maryAdopadeza evaM gaNaparirakSaNakA kArya karate haiM / ye sUtrArtha ke vidvAna hote hue usakA vizada vivecana karanekI kSamatA rakhate haiM / svasamaya aura parasamayake jJAtA honeke kAraNa AcAryakI gaNanA zruta vizeSajJoM meM kI jAtI hai / paramparAse prApta sUtroMke artha kI yathArtha jAnakArI AcAryako rahatI hai / mUlArAdhanAmeM AcAryake svarUpakA pratipAdana karate hue batAyA hai ki jo pA~ca prakArake AcArakA aticArarahita pAlana karatA hai aura ziSyoMko AcArAMgakA upadeza detA hai vaha AcArya kahA jAtA hai| vijayodayATI kAmeM AcAryazabdako vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai--" AyAraM paMcavihaM paMcaprakAraM AcAraM caradi vinAticAra pati paraM vA niraticAre paMcavidhe AdhAre pravataMyati / uvadisadi ya AvAra upadizati ca AcAraM / eso AdhArakhaM nAma epa AcAravAnnAma | etaduktaM bhavati - AcArAMga svayaM vetti graMthato'rthatazca, svayaM paMcavidhe AcAre pravartate pravartayati / paMcAcAravAn iti / paMcavidhe svAdhyAye vRttirjJAnAcAraH / jIvAditattva zramAnapariNatiH darzanAcAraH / hiMsAdinivRttipariNatizca cAritrAcAraH / catuvidhAhAratyajanaM, nyUnabhojanaM vRtteH parisaMkhyAnaM rasAnAM tyAgaH, kAyasaMtApanaM viviktavAsa ityevamAdikastapaH saMzita AcAraH / svazaktyanigUhanaM tapasi voryAcAraH / ete paMcavidhA AcArAH / / " 1. mUlAcAra, samAcArAdhikAra, phalaTana- saMskaraNa, vIra ni0 saMvata 2484 gAthA 35, 37, 38 / -- 2. AyA paMcavihaM caradi carAvedi jo ziradicAraM / uvadisadi ya AdhAraM eso AyArakhaM gAma // 419 / / 3. mUlArAghanA 419 gAthAkI vijayodayA TokA tathA mUlArAghanAdarpaNa nAmaka TIkAmeM uddhRta zloka AcAryake svarUpapara vizeSa prakAza DAlatA hU~sadRgSIvRttatapasAM sumukSonirmalIkRtI / yatnoM vinaya AcAro vIryAddheSu tu / / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 3

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jo sUtra aura arthakA jJAtA hai, svayaM svAdhyAyameM pravRtta hai tathA anyako svAdhyAyameM pravRtta karatA hai, aura jo jovAdi tatvoMkA zraddhAnI hai, hiMsAdi paMcapApoMse nivRtta hai, jo vratopavAsa karanevAlA hai, rasoMkA paristhAgI hai, yogasAdhaka hai, kaSTasahiSNu hai, tapasvI hai, ekAnta sthAnameM rahakara dhyAnAdi karanemeM saMlagna hai-vaha AcArya hai| AcArya zrutArAdhanA aura tapArAdhanAke lie apanI zaktikA pUrNa upayoga karatA hai / isa prakAra AgrayoM meM AcAryake svarUpa, mahatva, karttavya evaM sAdhanAmArga para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| AcAryake svarUpa adhyayana se nimnalikhita niSkarSa prastuta hote haiM: : 1. nirvikalpa svarUpAcaraNakA ArAdhaka / 2. caturdaza vidyAoM meM pravINa / 3. AcAsaMgakA jJAtA / 4. ekAdaza aMgakA pAThI / 5. svasamaya --- sva siddhAntakA vettA / 6. parasamaya - vibhinna darzana- siddhAnta aura paramparAoMkA jJAtA / 7. tatvopadezaka / 8. zAstra- praNetA --- karuNAbuddhise saMsAra ke prANiyoMke hitArtha tIrthakaravANIko lipibaddha kara vibhinnaviSayaka granthoMkA karttA / zreSTha deza, kula aura jAti se zuddha 1 9. 10. somyamUtti / 11. vividha dizAoMse prApta anubhUtiyoMko mUrtarUpa de bauddhika aura bhAvAtmaka vicAradhArAoMkA vyAkhyAtA / 12. samayAnusAra utpanna samasyAoMkA paramparA ke Aloka meM sAdhaka bAdhaka aura pratikriyAtmakarUpameM samAdhAna prastutakartA | , AcArya prAcIna paramparAoMke parivezameM jIvanakA adhyayana karatA hai| vaha svayaM Adarza jIvana vyatIta karate hue ziSyoMko Adarza jIvana yApanakI ora prerita karatA hai / isa kramameM jaba paristhitiyoMkI pratikriyA hone lagatI hai, taba vaha purAtana dhAraNAoMko navAna rUpameM "nadyAH navaghaTe jalam " ke samAna abhivyakta karatA hai / jisa prakAra bIja jabataka kAgajako pur3iyAmeM baMdhA rahatA hai, taba taka vaha phalatA phUlatA nahIM / kintu jaba vahI bIja urvarA bhUmimeM par3a jalavAyukA samparka prApta karatA hai, to usameM raMga-biraMge puSpa prasphuTita ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra AcArya bhI apanI maulika pratibhA aura sAdhanA ke kAraNa 4 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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samaya evaM paristhiti vizeSa meM apanI maulika pratibhAko vANIke mAdhyama se vyakta karate haiM / vAGmayako preraNA vyaktiko aiso anubhUti hai jo usake viziSTa anubhavoMse poSita hokara samasta sRSTiko apanI paridhi meM Abaddha kara letI hai / isa prakAra AcAryaM vAGmayako dhAraNAoMko vyaSTise samaSTimeM avatarita karate haiN| phalataH samaSTikA siddhAnta vyaSTike liye dizA darzaka ho jAtA hai / I sAmAnyataH AcAryake samakSa paramparAkA sarovara vidyamAna rahatA hai / isa sarovarameM apanI pratibhA dvArA yathArtha, yathArthajanya saMgharSa, kriyA-pratikriyAmUlaka Adarza evaM jIvana-sAdhanA ke vibhinna mArgo kA nirdhAraNa tathA isa nirdhAraNake liye Avazyaka mAnadaNDoM ke sarasijakA vikAsa karatA hai| jitane bhI AcArya dikhalAI par3ate haiM una sabane paramparAko mukharita karaneke liye hI vAGmayakA praNayana kiyA hai| yaha vAGamaya anubhUti, jJAna evaM cintana ina tInoMke samanvayakA pratiphala hai | AcArya vastu jagat meM padArthoM aura unako prakRtiyoMkA adhyayana kara unake sambandha meM viziSTa niyamita zrRMkhalAkA nirdhAraNa karate haiM / AcArya vizleSaNa dvArA hI kArya-kAraNasambandhoMkA nirdhAraNa kara jIva, jagat evaM unake vibhinna sambandhoMkA vivecana karatA hai| vaha gambhIra dArzanika bana prakRti ke rahasyoMkA udghATana bhI karatA hai| zreya aura preya ina donoM kUloMkA sparza karatA huA mAnava kisa prakAra preyase zreyako ora gatizIla hotA hai, yaha vivecana bhI AcAryakI lekhanI dvArA nibaddha kiyA jAtA hai| zabda aura artha ke yoga meM svAnubhUtike satyakI sthApanA kara AcArya abhivyaktiko eka nayA pariveza pradAna karatA hai| isake dvArA kI gaI vItarAga kathA bhI pAThaka aura zrotAoMko anuraMjita karatI hai| preraNA denekA kArya bhI AcAryakI vANI dvArA hotA hai / ataH saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki paramparAke dvArA veSTita rahane para bhI AcArya apane svatantra cintanase yugAnukUla svasamaya aura parasamayako marmasparzI vyAkhyAe~ prastuta karatA hai / jisa sUtrArtha jJAnako usane paramparAse prApta kiyA hai, uso jJAnako sahaja rUpameM vyakta kara udbodhanakA kArya karatA hai / AcArya aura vAGmaya AcArya paramparAkA kArya zrutajJAnakA saMrakSaNa hai / torthaMkarake mukhase nissRta vANIko sarvasAdhAraNa taka pahu~cAne kA kArya AcArya paramparAdvArA hI sampanna hotA hai / paramparAse maukhikarUpameM prApta jJAnako lipibaddha rUpa denA AcAryaparamparAkA viziSTa kArya hai| paMcAcArako ArAdhanA dvArA AtmotthAna karanA, ziSyoMko dIkSita aura anuzAsita karanA evaM zrutaparamparA ke pracAra aura prasArake zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya: 5

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liye kRtasaMkalpa honA AcAryakI pramukha vizeSatA hai / vAGmayake sRjanakA dAyitva AcArya paramparAkA hI hai / yahI paramparA agaNita varSoM taka tIrthaMkara pravacanako jana-mAnasameM praviSTa karAtI hai| ata: AcAryaparamparAkA divya phala vAGmaya hai / vAGmayake antargata mAnavake sabhI prakArake AcAra-vicAra, bhAvanAoM, manovRttiyoM evaM usake samasta kAryakalApoMkI gaNanA kI jAtI hai / dArzanika, manovaijJAnika, saiddhAntika, AdhyAtmika evaM saundaryabodha-sambandhI dhAraNAoM kA samAveza bhI vAGmayameM hotA hai / vAGmayakA viSaya-vistAra usa vaTavRkSa ke samAna hai, jo aneka tanoMke rUpameM vistAra pAtA hai / vyaktitvake nirmANa meM jisa sAdhanAko AvazyakatA hai, usa sAdhanAkA parijJAna bhI vAGmayake dvArA hI prApta kiyA jAtA hai / mAnava parivezameM rahakara saMskAroMkA arjana karatA hai aura ina arjita saMskAroMse apanI kriyA-pratikriyAoM kI abhivyaJjanA karatA hai / phalataH jIvanake vikAsa aura utkarSa meM jisa prakArake vicAroMkI AvazyakatA hotA hai, una vicArIkA grahaNa bhI vAGmayake dharAtalase kiyA jAtA hai| vizva aura jIvana ke pratibimbako yathArtha abhivyaJjanA bhI vAGmayameM hotI hai| jabataka bhASAkA sugaThita rUpa vicAroMko prApta nahIM hotA, tabasaka vAGmayakI avatAraNA saMbhava nahIM hotI / zabda aura arthakA parasparameM aisA sambandha hai ki amUtaM artha zabdoMkI mUrti meM hI jIvanta hotA hai / asaeva jIvanako Andolita, saMcAlita aura kriyAzIla banAneke liye vAGmayake nirmANakI AvazyakatA rahatI hai / jainAcAryoM dvArA racita vAGmaya bahuta vizAla aura vyApaka hai / ise Agama kI bhASA meM zrutajJAna kahA gayA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIrakI vANIko hRdayaMgamakara unake pradhAna ziSya gautama gaNadharane bAraha aMgoMmeM usa vANIrUpa samasta vAGmayako nibaddha kiyA / ataH vAGmayake arthakarttA to svayaM mahAvIra haiM, para granthakarttA gautama gaNadhara haiM / paTkhaNDAgamako ghavalATIkAmeM batAyA hai ki zrutajJAnake karttA do prakArake hai -- 1. arthakarttA aura 2. granthakarttA / bhAvazruta aura arthapadoMke karttA tIrthaMkara haiM / tArthaMkara ke nimittase gautama indrabhUti gaNadhara zrutaparyAyase pariNata hue / ataeva ve dravyazrutake karttA haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki isa yuga meM Adi granthakattAM gautama gaNadhara haiN| aura inhIMse grantha yA vAGmaya likhane kA kArya prArambha huA hai | 1. paTkhaNDAgama amalA TIkA, prathama pustaka, pRSTha 60, 65 / 6 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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tiloyapaNNattoke adhyayanase bho ukta kathanakI siddhi hotI hai| batAyA hai mahAbIra-bhAsiyattho tassei khettammi tastha kAle ya / khAyovasama-viDhida-cauramala-maIhi puNNoNa // loyAloyANa tahA jIvAjIvANa viviha-visayesu / saMdehaNAsagatyaM uvagada-sirivIra-calaNamUleNa // vimale godamagote jAdeNaM iMdabhUdiNAmeNa / cauveda-pArageNaM sisseNa visukhasoleNa / / bhAvasuda-pajjayehi pariNada-mayiNA avArasaMgANaM / coddasapuvvANa sahA ekkamuhutteNa viracaNA vihido|| iya mUlataMtakattA siritrIro iNdbhuudivippvro| uvataMte kattArI aNutate sesaAiriyA // NiNNATu-rAyadosA mahesiNo divvsuttkttaaro| kiM kAraNaM paNidA kahidu suttasya pAmaNNaM / ' arthAt tIrthakara mahAvIra zrutake arthakartA haiN| inake dvArA upadiSTa padArthasvarUpa usI kSetra aura usI kAlameM jJAnAvaraNake vizeSa kSayopazamase vRddhiko prApta nirmala cAra buddhiyoMse paripUrNa, loka-aloka aura jovAjovAdi vividha viSayoM meM utpanna hue sandehako naSTa karanevAle, zaraNAgata, nirmala gautama gotrameM utpanna, prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga, isa prakAra cAra vedoM athavA Rk, yaju, sAma aura atharva ina cAroM vedoMmeM pAraMgata, vizuddha zIla dhAraka, bhAvazrutarUpa payAryase buddhiko paripakvatAko prApta indrabhUti nAmaka ziSya arthAt gautama gaNadharane eka muhUrta meM bAraha aMga aura caudaha pUrvo kI racanA kii| isa prakAra tIrthakara mahAvIra malataMtrakartA, indrabhUti gaNadhara upataMtrakartA evaM zeSa AcArya anutaMtrakartA haiM | spaSTa hai ki vAGmayako mUrtarUpa denekA sarvaprathama kArya indrabhUti gaNadharane hI kiyA hai| ___ jisa prakAra sUryakA Aloka prAptakara manuSya apane netrIse dUravartI padArthakA bhI avalokana kara letA hai, usI prakAra pUrvAcAryoM ke dvArA nibaddha jJAnasUryakA Aloka prApta kara sUkSmAtisUkSma padArtho kA bodha prApta hotA hai / harivaMzapurANameM bhI AgamataMtrake mUlakA tArthaMkara vardhamAna hI mAne gaye haiN| uttarataMtrake racayitA gautama gaNadhara haiM aura uttarottarataMtrake kartA aneka AcArya batAye gaye haiN| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki ye sabhI AcArya sarvajJakI vANIke anuvAdaka hI hai| 1. viloyapaNNatI 1177-81 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 7

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ye apanI orase aise kisI naye tathyakA pratipAdana nahIM karate, jo tIrthaMkarako divyadhvani se bahirbhUta ho / kevala tIrthaMkaradvArA pratipAdita tathyoMko naye rUpa aura nayI zailImeM abhivyakta karate haiN| batAyA hai- tathAhi mUlatantrasya kartA tIrthaMkaraH svayam / tato'pyuttaratantrasya gautamAkhyo gaNAgraNIH // uttarottaratantrasya katAro bahyaH kramAt // pramANaM te'pi naH sarve sarvajJoktyanuvAdinaH // ataeva spaSTa hai ki zrutakA mUlakarttA tIrthaMkarako ho mAnA gayA hai / uttarataMtrakarttA gaNadhara aura uttarottaratantrakartA anya AcArya haiM / zruta yA AgamakA svarUpa, bheda evaM viSaya cakSurAdi indriyoMse utpanna honevAle matijJAnapUrvaka paropadeza yA parasAdhanase jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai / tasvArthavAttikameM batAyA hai - "zrutAvaraNakSayopazamAdyantaraGgabahiraGgahetusannidhAne sati zrUyate smeti zrutam / kartari zrutapariNata Atmaiva zRNotIti zrutam / bhedavivakSAyAM zrUyate'neneti zrutam zravaNamAtraM vA / * arthAt zrutAvaraNakarmake kSayopazama honepara jo sunA jAya vaha zruta hai / kartRsAdhanameM zrutapariNata AtmA zruta hai| karaNaviSakSAmeM jisase sunA jAye, vaha zruta hai / bhAvasAdhanameM zravaNakriyA zruta hai / AcArya vidyAnandane zrutajJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamarUpa vigama- vizeSase zravaNa karanA zruta kahA hai| inake matase jo vAcya artha AptavAkya dvArA sunA jA cukA hai vaha apane aura vAcyArthako jAnane vAlA AgamajJAnarUpa zrutajJAna hai / zrutazabda aneka artha honepara bhI zrutajJAna yA AgamajJAna ke arthameM rUr3ha hai / yathA zrute'nekArthasAsiddhe jJAnamityanuvartanAt / zravaNaM hi zrutajJAnaM na punaH zabdamAtrakam / / " Azaya yaha hai ki zrutajJAnAvaraNakarmake kSayopazamavizeSakI apekSAse utpanna huA aura avinAbhAvI aneka arthAntaroMkA nirUpaNa karane vAlA jJAna zrutajJAna 1. harivaMzapurANa prathama sarga, padya 56, 57 // 2. tattvArthavArtika, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 19/20 pRSTha 44 / 3. tasvArthazlokavAlika, bambaI, 1918 60, 1920 10 164 3 8 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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hai| yaha zrutajJAna amRtake samAna hitakArI hai, viSayavedanAse saMtapta prANIke liye paramoSa hai | kundakundane batAyA hai jiNacayaNamo sahamiNa visayasuha-vireyaNaM amidabhUyaM / jara maraNa-vAhiharaNaM khayakaraNaM savva dukkhANaM // zrutajJAnakA anya nAma AgamajJAna bhI hai| zrutake nAmAntaroMmeM Agama, jinavANI, sarasvatI Adi nAma Aye haiM / Agamake svarUpakA pratipAdana karate hue batAyA hai ki Aptake vacana Adi nimittase hone vAle arthajJAnako Agama kahate haiM | AcArya somadevane apane upAsakAvyayana meM batAyA hai ki jo dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ina cAra puruSArthoM kA avalambana lekara heya aura upAdeya rUpase trikAlavartI padArthoM kA jJAna karAtA hai, use Agama kahate haiM | tattvajJAtAoMkA abhimata hai ki AgamamaM avirodharUpase dravyoM tattvAM aura guNa-paryAyoMkA kathana rahatA hai | likhA hai I yApAdayarUpeNa caturvargasamAzrayAt / kAlatrayagatAnarthAngamayannAgamaH smRtaH // ' yaha jJAna pratyAha jyA mUla hai. jisa prakAra pratyakSajJAna avisaMvAdoM hone ke kAraNa pramANabhUta hai, usI prakAra AgamajJAna bhI apane viSaya meM avisaMvAdI honeke kAraNa pramANa hai / svAmI samantabhadrane kevalajJAna aura syAdvAdamaya zrutajJAnako samasta padArthoM kA samAnarUpase prakAzaka mAnA haiN| donoM kevala pratyakSa aura parokSakA hI antara hai : syAdvAda kevalajJAne sarvatattva - prakAzane / bhedaH sAkSAdasAkSAcca hyavastvanyattamaM bhavet // ' isI tathyako puSTi siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandrake kathanase bhI hotI hai > mudakevalaM ca gANaM doSNavi sarisANi hotti johAdI / sudaNANaM tu parokkhaM paJcavakhaM kevalaM gANaM / / 5 1. daMsaNapAhuDa, gAyA 17 / 2. bAlavacanAdinibandhanamarthajJAnamAgamaH --- parIkSAmukha 3195 / 3. upAsakAdhyayana, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, padya 100 / tamImAMsA, zloka 105 / 4 5. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 368 / tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 9

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samasta dravya aura paryAyoMko jAnaneko apekSA zrutajJAna aura kevalajJAna donoM hI samAna haiM / antara itanA hI hai ki kevalajJAna dravya aura tattvoM ko pratyakSarUpase jAnatA hai aura zrutajJAna parokSarUpase / vistAra aura gahanatAkI dRSTise donoMkA viSayakSetra tulya hI hai | yA Agamake ba jara 2 mA tayA Agamake do bheda hai-- 1. Agtake upadezarUpa dvAdazAMgavANIkA dravyazruta aura usase hone vAle jJAnako bhAvazruta kahate haiM / dUsare zabdoM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki zabdako dravyabhuta aura usase hone vAle jJAnako bhAvazruta kahA gayA hai| saMkSepameM grantharUpa zrutako dravyazruta bhaura artharUpa zrutako bhAvabhUta kahA gayA hai| grantharUpa dravyazrutake mUlataH do bheda haiM - 1. aMgabAhya aura 2. aMgapraviSTa / aMgapraviSTake bAraha bheda haiM-- 1. AcA rAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga, 3. sthAnAMga, 4. samavAyAMga, 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti, 6 jJAtudharmakathA, 7 upAsakAdhyayanAMga, 8. antaHkRddazAMga 9 anutaropapAdika, 10. praznavyAkaraNAMga, 11. vipAkasUtrAMga aura 12. dRSTivAdAMga / P isa zrutayA AgamajJAnako puruSa ke zarIrAMgakI upamA dI gayI hai / jaise puruSa ke zarIra meM do paira, do jA~gha, do Uru, do hAtha, eka pITha, eka udara, eka chAtI aura eka mastaka ye bAraha aMga hote haiM, usI prakAra zrutajJAnarUpI puruSake bhI bAraha aMga haiN| tIrthaMkara apane divyajJAnadvArA padArthoM kA sAkSAtkAra kara bIjapadaka rUpameM upadeza dete haiM aura gaNadhara una bIjapadoM kA tathA unake arthakA avadhAraNa kara grantharUpameM vyAkhyAna karate hai| zrutajJAnako paramparA anAdi anavacchinna rUpase calI A rahI hai| prathama torthaMkara RSabhadeva ke kAlameM zrutajJAnakI jo paramparA Arambha huI thI, bahu pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra tIrthaMkarake kAlameM bhI gatizIla rahI hai / zrutajJAnakA viSaya yoM to jIva, ajIva Adi sAtoM tatvoMke vivecanameM hI zrutajJAna ke viSayakA samAhAra ho jAtA hai, para vizeSa vivecanakI dRSTise SaTkhaNDAgamakI ghavalATIkA evaM tasvArthavAsika Adi granthoMmeM jo vivecana upalabdha hotA hai usake AdhArapara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki upalabdha jJAna-vijJAnakA samasta viSaya zrutajJAna yA Agamake antargata hai / AcArAMga meM 18,000 padoM dvArA muniyoMke AcArakA varNana rahatA hai| arthAt muniko kaise calanA cAhie, kaise khar3A honA cAhiye kaise baiThanA cAhiye, kaise sonA cAhiye, kaise bhojana karanA 10: tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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cAhiye aura kaise vArtAlApa karanA cAhiye Adi viSayoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare sUtrasAlale 26,410 padoM dvArA nAdiraya, prajJApanA, kalpyaakalpya, chedopasthApanA Adi vyavahAradharmako kriyAoMkA varNana hai tathA isa aMgameM svasiddhAnta aura parasiddhAntakA kathana bhI samAviSTa hai| tRtIya sthAnAMgameM 42,000 pada hote haiN| isameM ekase lekara uttarottara eka-eka adhika sthAnoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| yathA-apane caitanyasvabhAyake kAraNa jIvadravya eka hai; jJAna aura darzanake bhedase do prakArakA hai| karmaphalacetanA, kamacetanA aura jJAnacetanAko apekSA yaha tIna prakArakA hai / athavA utpAda, vyaya aura prauvyakI apekSA tona bhedarUpa hai| cAra gatiyoMmeM bhramaNa karane vAlA honese cAra bhedavAlA hai / audayika Adi pA~ca bhAbase yukta honeke kAraNa, isake pAsa bheda haiM / bhavAntarameM gamana karate samaya pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa, Urdhva evaM adhaH isa prakAra SaTaapakramase yukta hone ke kAraNa SaT prakArakA hai| asti, nAsti Adi saptabhaMgoMse yukta honeke kAraNa sAta bhedavAlA hai| zAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa Adi koke Asravase yukta honeko apekSA jIvake ATha bheda haiN| jIva, ajIva Adi nau padArtharUpa pariNamana karaneke kAraNa yaha nau prakArakA hai / pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika, pratyeka vanaspatikAyika, sAdhAraNavanaspatikAyika, dvIndriya jAti, zrIndriya jAsi, caturindriya tathA paJcendriya jAsike bhedase dasa prakArakA hai| isa prakAra jIvAdi padArthoke ekAdhika bhedoMkA nirUpaNa sthAnAMgameM kiyA gayA hai| caturtha samavAyAMgameM 1,64000 pada, hote haiM / isameM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvarUpa samavAyakA citraNa kiyA gayA hai 1 dravyasamavAyakI apekSA dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, lokAkAza aura eka jIvake pradeza samAna haiN| kSetrasamavAyako apekSA prathama narakake prathama paTalakA sImansavila, manuSyaloka, prathama svargakaprathama paTalakA Rju vimAna aura siddhakSetra ina sabakA vistAra tulya hai| kAlakI apekSA utsapiNI aura avasarpiNI kAlagaNanAeM tulya haiN| bhAvakI apekSA kSAyikasamyaktva, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana aura yathAkhyAtacAritra samAna haiM / isa prakAra samAnatAko apekSA jIvAdi padArthoke samavAyakA varNana samavAyAMgameM upalabdha hotA hai / vyAkhyAprajJapti aMgameM 2,28000 pada hote haiM / isameM 60,000 praznoM dvArA jIva, ajIva Adi padArthoMkA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| jJAtRdharmakathA nAmaka aMgameM 5,56000 pada hote haiM / isameM tIrthaMkaroMko dharmadezanA, vividha praznottara evaM puNyapuruSoMke AkhyAna varNita hai| upAsakAdhyayana aMgameM 11,70,000 pada zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 11

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haiM aura isameM zrAvakAcArakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| antaHkRzAMga nAmaka aMgameM 22,28000 pada haiM / isameM pratyeka tIrthakarake tIrthakAlameM aneka prakArake dAruNa upasargoM ko sahana kara nirvANa prApta karane vAle dasa-dasa antaHkRta kevaliyoMkA varNana hai / anuttaraupapAdikadazA nAmaka aMgameM 92,44000 pada haiM aura eka-eka tIrthakarake tIrthakAlameM nAnA prakArake dAruNa upasargo ko sahana kara pAMca anuttara vimAnoMmeM janma grahaNa karanevAle dasa-dasa muniyoMkA caritra aMkita hai| praznavyAkaraNameM AkSepa-pratyAzepapUrvaka praznoMkA samAdhAna aMkita hai / athavA AkSepaNo, vizepaNI, saMvedinI aura nirvedinI ina cAra kathAoMkA vistRta varNana hai / vipAkasUtra aMgameM 1,84,00000 pada haiN| isameM puNya aura pAparUpa karmoM kA phala bhoganevAle vyaktiyoMkA caritra nibaddha hai| ___ bArahavAM aMga dRSTikAra hai ! isa gAna kAra hai.--1. parikarma, 2. sUtra, 3. prathamAnuyoga, 4. pUrva aura 5. cuulikaa| inameMse parikamake pA~ca bheda haiM1. candraprApti, 2. sUryaprajJapti, 3. jambUdvIpaprazapti, 4, dvIpasamudraprApti aura 5. vyAkhyAprazasti / candraprajJaptimeM candramAko Ayu, parivAra, Rddhi, gati aura candrabimbakI U~cAI AdikA varNana hai| sUryapraptimeM sUryako Ayu, bhoga, upabhoga, parivAra, Rddhi, gati aura sabimbakI U~cAI, dinako hAni-vRddhi, kiraNoMkA pramANa aura prakAza AdikA varNana hai| jambUdvIpaprajJaptimeM bhogabhUmi aura karmabhUmimeM utpanna hue manuSya aura tiryaJcoMkA tathA parvata, sarovara, nadI, vedikA, kSetra, AvAsa AdikA varNana hai| dvApasamudraprajJaptimeM dvIpa aura samudroMkA vistAra, avagAha, kSetraphala AdikA varNana AyA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti meM pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla evaM jobadravyake bhavyatva, abhavyatvakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| daSTivAda aMgakA dvitIya bheda satranAmaka hai| isama jIyakI vivecanA vistArapUrvaka kA gayo hai / jIva abandhaka hai, avalapa hai, akartA hai, abhoktA hai, niguNa hai, vyApaka hai, aNupramANa hai, astisvarUpa hai, nAstisvarUpa hai, ubhayarUpa hai ityAdikI vivecanA vibhinna siddhAntoMke pUrvapakSarUpameM kI gayI hai| isameM kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda, ajJAnavAda, jJAnavAda, venayikavAda Adi tIna so tiresaTha matAMkA pratipAdana pUrvapakSake rUpameM kiyA gayA hai| daSTivAdakA tRtIya aMga prathamAnuyoga hai| isameM 24 tIrthakara, 12 cakravartI, 9 balabhadra, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 pratinArAyaNoMke jovanavRttake sAtha vidyAdhara, cakravartI, cAraNaRdvidhArI muni aura rAjAoMke vaMzoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai| dRSTivAdake paJcama bhedakA nAma cUlikA hai| isake pAMca bheda hai-1. jalagatA, 12 : tIrthakara mahAbora aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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2. sthalagatA, 3. mAyAgatA, 4. rUpagatA aura 5. AkAzagatA / jalagatA meM jalameM gamana tathA jalastambhana ke kAraNabhUta mantra-tantra tapazcaryA AdikA varNana haiM / sthalagatAmeM pRthvIke bhItarase gamana karaneke kAraNabhUta mantra-tantra aura tapazcaryA tathA vAstuvidyA AdikA varNana hai| bhUmisambandhI zalya, zubhAzubha parijJAna, bhUmike rUpaguNa, zakti AdikA varNana bhI sthalagatAmeM pAyA jAtA hai / rUpagatA meM rUpaparivatrtana karaneke tantra-mantra Adi sAdhanoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| na kisa prakAra siMha, vyAdha, gaNa, hiraNa AdikA AkAra dhAraNa kara sakatA hai, isa prakArako vidhiyoMkA nirUpaNa bhI usameM AyA hai| citrakarma, kASThakarma, lepyakamaM evaM vibhinna prakArakI AkRtiyoM ke nirmANakI vidhiyA~ bhI kathita haiM / AkAzagatA cUlikA meM AkAzagAminI vidyAkA citraNa AyA hai ! dRSTivAdakA sabase mahattvapUrNa bheda pUrva hai / pUrvake 14 bheda haiM-- 1. utpAdapUrva, 2. agrAyaNIya, 3. vIryAnupravAda, 4 asti nAstipravAda, 5. jJAnapravAda, 6. satyapravAda, 7. AtmapravAda, 8 karmapravAda, 9 pratyAkhyAnanAmadheya 10. vidyAnuvAda, 11. kalyANanAmadheya, 12. prANAvAya, 13. kriyAvizAla aura 14. lokabindusAra / pUrvasAhitya sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa hai / isIke AdhArapara vartamAna meM zaurasenI Agama- sAhitya upalabdha hotA hai| amAyaNI meM pUrvAnsa, aparAnta Adi caudaha prakaraNa the / inameMse paJcama prakaraNakA nAma cayanalabdhi thA, jisameM bIsa pAhuDa vidyamAna the / bIsa pAhuDoMmeMse caturtha pAhuDakA nAma karmaprakRti thA / isa karmaprakRtipAhuDake kRti, vedanA Adi caubIsa anuyogadvAra the; jinakI viSayavastuko grahaNa kara SaTkhaNDAgamake jIbaTThANa, khuddAbandha, bandhasvaramitva-vicaya, vedanA, vargaNA aura mahAbandha ina chaha bhaNDoM kI racanA huI haiN| isameM kA kucha aMza samyavattvotpattinAmaka jIvasthAnakI AThavIM cUlikAko bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda ke dvitIya bheda sUtrase tathA gati Agati nAmaka navIM cUlikAko vyAkhyAprajJapti se utpanna batAyA gayA hai| isa prakAra vartamAna Agama sAhityakA saMbaMdha dRSTivAda aMgake sAtha hai / utpAdapUrvameM jova, pudgala, kAla Adi dravyoMke utpAda, vyaya aura prauvyakA varNana hai / aprAyaNIya pUrvameM sAta sau sunaya aura dunaya: chaH dravya, nau padArtha, evaM paJcAstikAyoMkA varNana hai / vIryAnupravAdameM AtmavIrya, paravIrya, ubhayavIrya, kSetravIrya, kAlavIrya, bhavavIyaM aura tapavIryakA varNana AyA hai / asti nAstipravAdapUrva meM svarUpacatuSTayakI apekSA samasta dravyoM ke astitvakA aura pararUpacatuSTayako apekSA unake nAstitvakA varNana hai| jJAnapravAdapUrva meM pA~ca samyagjJAna aura tona kujJAna ina ATha jJAnoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana hai / satya pravAdapUrva meM dazaprakAra ke satyavacana, aneka prakArake asatyavacana aura bAraha bhUtadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 13

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prakArakI bhASAoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| viSayavarNanakI dRSTi se Adhunika manovijJAna jJAnapravAda aura satyapravAdake antargata hai| AtmapravAdapUrvameM nizcaya aura vyavahAra ina donoM nayoMkI apekSAse jIvake kattu tva, bhoktRtva, sUkSmatva, amUrtatva AdikA vivecana kiyA hai / karmapravAdapUrvameM AThoM koke svarUpa, kAraNa evaM bheda-prabhenoga niSaNa kiyA hai / prapAmArga lAmAvA. kA tyAga, upavAsa-vidhi, paMca samiti, tIna gupti AdikA varNana hai / vidyAnuvAdapUrvameM sAta sau alpavidyAoMkA aura pAMca sau mahAvidyAoMkA vivecana AyA hai / sAtha hI isameM bhauma, aMga, svara, svapna, lakSaNa, vyaMjana aura cinha ina ATha mahAnimittoMkA viSaya bhI nibaddha hai / vartamAna sAmudrika zAstra, praznazAstra evaM saMhitAgata viSaya isI pUrvaka antargata samAviSTa haiM | kalyANavAdameM sUrya, candra, graha, tArAgaNa Adike cArakSetra, upapAdasthAna, gati, viparItagati aura unake phalIkA nirUpaNa hai| jyotiSazAstrake gaNita aura phalita donoM hI vibhAga iso pUrvake antargata hai| prANAvAyapUrva meM aSTAMga Ayurveda, bhUtikarma, vividyA evaM vibhinna prakArake bhautika viSayoMkA parijJAna sammilita hai| rasAyanazAstra aura bhautikazAstra sambandhI aneka siddhAnta bhI isa pUrvameM samAviSTa haiN| kriyAvizAlapUrvameM bahattara kalAoM sambandhI causaTha guNoM, zikSA, zilpa, kAvyasambandhI guNa-doSa evaM chandazAstrakA varNana hai / lokabindusArameM ATha prakArake vyavahAra, cAra prakArake boja, mokSa prApta karAnevAlI kriyAeM evaM mokSake sukhakA varNana hai / dravyazrutake dUsare bheda aMgabAhyake caudaha bheda haiM 1. sAmAyika, 2. caturvizatistava, 3. vandanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5. venayika 6. kRtikarma, 7. dazavakAlika, 8. uttarAdhyayana, 9. kalpavyavahAra, 10 kalpyAkalpya, 11. mahAkalpya, 12. puNDarIka, 13. mahApuNDarIka aura 14. niSiddhikA / sAmAyikanAmaka aMgabAhyameM nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina chaH bhedoM dvArA samatAbhAvake vidhAnakA varNana hai / caturviMzatistavameM tattatkAla sambandhI caubIsa tIrthakaroMkI vandanA karanekI vidhi, unake nAma, saMsthAna, utsedha, pA~ca mahAkalyANaka, cautIsa atizaya prabhUtikA varNana hai| vandanA nAmaka aMgabAhyameM eka tIrthakara aura usa tIrthakara sambandhI jinAlayoM, vandanA karaneko vidhi evaM phalakA citraNa hai| pratikramaNameM devasika rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika, Ipithika aura auttamAthika ina sAta prakArake pratikramaNoMkA varNana AyA hai 1 pramAdase lage hue doSoMkA nirAkaraNa karanA pratikramaNa hai| vainayika nAmaka aMgabAhyameM jJAnavinaya, darzanavinaya, cAritra14 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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vinaya, tapa vinaya aura upacAra vinayoMkA vizada varNana hai / kRtikarma nAmaka aMgabAhyameM arahanna, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhukI pUjAvidhikA varNana hai| dazavekAlika aMgabAlane sAdhuoM AcAra, nihAra paryaTana ASikA varNana hai| uttarAdhyayanameM cAra prakArake upasarga aura bAIsa pariSahoMke sahana karanekA vidhAna evaM unake sahana karanevAloMke jIvanavattakA varNana rahatA hai| RSiyoMke karane yogya jo vyavahAra hai usa vyavahArase svalita ho jAnepara prAyazcitta karanA hotA hai / isa prAyazcittakA varNana kalpavyavahArameM rahatA hai / kalpyAkalpyameM sAdhu aura asAdhuoMke AcaraNIya aura tyAjya vyavahArakA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| dIkSAgrahaNa, zikSA, AtmasaMskAra, sallakhanA aura uttama sthApanA rUpa ArAdhanAko prApta hae sAdhanoMke jo karane yogya hai usakA dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvakA Azraya lekara mahAkalpya kathana karatA hai / puNDarIka aMgabAhyameM bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI, kalpavAsI evaM vaimAnika sambandhI deva, indra, sAmAnika AdimeM utpattike kAraNabhUta dAna, pUjA, zIla, tapa, upavAsa aura akAmanirjarAkA tathA unake upapAda-sthAna aura bhavanoMkA varNana rahatA hai| mahApuNDarIkameM bhavanavAsI, vyantara Adi devoM aura deviyoMmeM utpattike kAraNabhUta tapa aura upavAsa AdikA varNana hai| nirSAiddhakAmeM aneka prakArakI prAyazcitta-vidhiyoMkA kathana AyA hai / isa prakAra aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhyake antargata Adhunika sabhI viSayoMkA samAveza to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI AdhyAtmika bhAvanA, karmabandhakI vidhi aura phala, koMke saMkramaNa Adi karaNa, vibhinna dArzanika carcAeM, matamatAntara, jyotiSa, Ayurveda, gaNita, bhautikazAstra, AcArazAstra, sRSTi-utpatti vidyA, bhUgola evaM paurANika mAnyatAoMkA parijJAna bhI ukta zruta yA Agamase prApta hotA hai AgamakA yaha viSaya-vistAra itanA saghana aura vistRta hai ki isako jAnakArIse vyakti zratakevalI pada prApta karatA hai | jJAna yA Agamake viSayakA parijJAna kisa prakAra aura kisa vidhise saMbhava hotA hai, isakA varNana bhI pUrvokta AgamagranthoM meM AyA hai| zruta yA AgamajJAnase sambaddha AcArya-paramparA digambara paTTAliyoM aura prazassiyoMse avagata hotA hai ki zrutako sunakara kaMThastha kara lenekI paramparA tIrthakara mahAvIrake nirvANalAbhake pazcAt kaI zataka saka calatI rahI / dravya, guNa, paryAya, tattvajJAna, kamaMsiddhAnta evaM AcAra sambaMdhI maulika mAnyatAoMko paramparAse prAsakara smaraNa banAye rakhaneko prathA dhArAvAhika rUpameM calatI rhii| nandomaMgha-balAtkAragaNa-sarasvatIgacchakI zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 15

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T " paTTAvalimeM batAyA hai ki gautama, sudharma aura jambUsvAmIne bAsaTha varSoM taka dharmapracArakA kArya kiyaa| mahAvIra svAmIke pazcAt bAraha varSoM taka gautama svAmIne kevalIpada prApta kara dharmapracAra kiyA / inake pazcAt bAraha varSoM taka sudharmAcArya kevalI rahe / anantara ar3atIsa varSoM taka jambUsvAmI kevalI bane rahe / isa prakAra bAsaTha varSoM taka ukta tInoM kevaliyoMkI jJAna jyoti prakAzita hotI rhii| tatpazcAt pA~ca zrutakevalI hue| caudaha varSoM taka viSNune, solaha varSo taka nandibhitrane bAIsa varSoM taka aparAjitane, untIsa varSoM taka gAMvaddhanane aura unatIsa varSoM taka bhadrabAhune jJAnadIpako prajvalita rakhA / tatpazcAt daza varSo taka dazapUrvadhArI vizAkhAcAryane, unnosa varSoM taka proSThapacAyane satraha varSo taka kSatriyAcAryane, ikkIsa varSoM taka jayasenAcAyene, aTThAraha varSoM taka nAgasenAcArya ne satraha varSo taka siddhArthAcAryane, aTThAraha varSo taka dhRtisenAcAryane teraha varSoM taka vijayAcAryane, bosa varSo taka buddhiliGgAcAryane, caudaha varSoM taka devAcAryane evaM caudaha varSo taka dharmasenAcArya zrutakA pravacana kiyaa| isa prakAra ekasI tirAsI varSoM taka dazapUrvadhArI zrutakA pracAra karate rahe / tadanantara aTThAraha varSo taka ekAdazAMga - dhArI nakSatrAcAryane, vIsa varSA taka jayapAlAcAryane unatAlIsa varSo taka pANDavAcAryane, daza varSA taka dhruvasenAcAryane evaM battIsa varSo taka kaMsAcAryane zrutajJAnako jyotiko prajvalita kiyA 1 isa prakAra ekAdazAMgadhArI ukta pA~ca AcArya zrutajJAnakA pravacana kiyaa| anantara dazAMgake jJAtA zubhacandrAcAryane chaH varSoM taka, yazobhadrAcAryane aTThAraha varSoM taka, bhadrabAhune teIsa varSoM taka aura lohAcAryane pacAsa varSo taka aMgajJAnakA pravacana kiyA / anantara aTThAIsa varSo taka ekAMgake dhArI ahivalyAcAryane, ikkIsa varSoM taka mAdhanandyAcAryane, unnIsa varSoM taka dharasenAcAryane zrutajJAnako jAvita rakhA | 1 1 1. antima jiNaNivyANa kevalaNANI ya goyama-muNidAM / bAraha vAse ya gaNo summasAmI ya saMjAdo // 1 // taha bAraha vAse puNa saMjAdo jambUsAmi muNiNAhI / aThatIsa vAsa rahiyo kevalaNANI ya jabikaTTho | 21| vAsaThi kevala vAse tihi muNI goyama sudhamma jambU ya / bAraha bAraha do jaNa tiya dugahINaM ca cAlosaM // 3 // suyakevala paMca jagA vAsahi vAse gaye susaMjAvA / patra maM ca uda- vAsaM viNDukumAraM muyadhvaM // 4 // 16 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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isa prAkRta paTTAvalI meM pratyeka AcAryakA alaga-alaga samaya diyA gayA hai tathA samaSTi rUpameM bhI varSasaMkhyA aGkita kI gayI hai| tIna kevaliyoM aura pAMca zrutakevaliyoMkA samaya ekasau bAsaTha varSa batAyA hai / dazapUrvadhAriyoM kI puSaka-pRthak varSasaMkhyA aura samaSTirUpa varSasaMkhyA prApta nahIM hotii| isameM do varSakA antara AtA hai| yathAnaMdimita vAsa solaha tiya aparAjiya dAsa vAvIsaM / iga-hINa-bIsa vAsaM govaNa bhaTbAhu gaNatIsaM / / 5 // sada suyakevalagANI paMca jaNA viNha maMdimitto ya / aparAjiya govaraNa taha mahabAha ya saMjAvA / / 6 / / sada vAsaTTi suvAse gae su uppaNNa daha supuzvAhA / sada tirAsi vAsANi ya egAdaha muNivarA jAdA / / 7 / / Ayariya visAkha poTThala khattiya jayaseNa nAgaseNa muNI / / siddhastha bitti vijayaM bahiliMga deva ghamaseNaM // 8 / / daha ugaNIsa ya sattara ikosa aTThAraha sattara / aTThAraha teraha vIsa cavaha podaya ( soDasa } kameNeyaM / / 9 11 aMtima jiNigvANe tiyasaya-paNa cAlavAsa jAdesu / pagAdahaMgadhAriya paMca jaNA muNivarA jAdA / / 10 // naksalato jayapAlaga paMDava dhUrasena phaMsa AyariyA / aThAraha vIsavAsaM gaNanAlaM coda battIsaM / / 11 / / sada tevIsa yAse egAdaha aMgadharA jAdA / vAsaM sattANavadiya dasaMga nava aMga aTTadharA // 12 // subhadaM ca jasobhaI bhaddabAha kameNa ca / lohAcamya muNIsaM ca kahiyaM ca jiNAgame / / 13 / / chaha aTThAraha bAsa tevIsa vAvaNa (paNAsa) vAsa muNiNAhaM / basa nava agaSarA vAsa dusadavIsa sadhesu // 14 // paMcasaye paNasaThe aMtima-jiga-samaya-jAdesu / uppaMgA paMca jagA iyaMgadhArI muNeyayA / / 15 // mahipahila mAghanaMdi ya gharaseNaM puSphayaMta bhUdavalI / ahavIsaM igavIsa ugaNIsaM tIsa vIsa bAsa puNo / / 16 / / igasaya-aThAra-bAse iyaMgadhArI ya bhUNivarA jAdA / chasapa-tirAsiya-vAse NiyANA aMgadditti kahiya jiNe / / 17 / / -jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pRSTha 71-74 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 15

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vazapUrvadhArI (1) vIra nirvANa saMvat 162 / / vizAkhAcArya 10 (2) bora nirvANa saMvat 172 / proSThila (3) vIra nirvANa saMvat 191 matriya (4) vIra nirvANa saMvat 208 / jayasena (5) vIra nirvANa saMvat 229 nAgasena 28 varSa (6) vIra nirvANa saMvat 24.5 siddhArtha 17 varSa (7) bora nirvANa saMvat 264 dhRtisena 18 varSa (8) vIra nirvANa saMvat 282 vijaya 13 varSa (9) vIra nirmANa saMvat 295 buddhiliGga 20 varSa (10) vIra nirvANa saMvat 315 / / deva 14 varSa {11) vIra nirvANa saMvat 329 dharmasena 14 varSa (16 varSa) 181+2 = 183 AdaraNIya DA0 hIrAlAlajIne anumAna kiyA hai ki ghamasenakA kAla 14 varSake sthAna para 16 varSa honA caahie| isa prakAra varSagaNanA karanepara 183 varSa dazapUrvadhAriyoMkA samaya A jAtA hai| isake pazcAt pA~va ekAdazAGgadhAriyoM kA samaya anya sthAnoM para 220 varSa batalAyA gayA hai, para isa paTTAvalImeM unakA samaya 123 varSa diyA hai, jo yathArtha pratIta hotA hai / 11 aGgake dhAraka AcArya(1) kora nirvANa saMvat 345 nakSatra 18 varSa (2) bora nirvANa saMvata 363 / / jayapAla 20 varSa (3) bIra nivAMNa saMvat 383 pANDava 39 varSa (4) zrIra mitasivan 422 / dhruvasena 14 varSa (1) vIra nirvANa saMvat 436 kaMsa 32 varSa 123 varSa anantara daza, nau aura ATha aGgake jJAtAoMkA samaya 97 varSa batalAyA hai, para pRthaka-pRthaka varSoM kA yoga 99 varSa AtA hai / ataH isameM bhA do varSoM kI bhUla pratIta hotI hai| 10, 9 aura 8 aGgake jJAtA AcArya(1) vIra nirvAga saMvan 468 subhadra 6 varSa {2) // " / / 474 yazobhadra 18, (3) , " / / 492 bhadrabAhu 23 , (4) , , , 515 lohAcArya 52,, (50 varSa) 99-2 = 97 14 : lothakara nahAvIra aura janako AcArya-paramparA

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yahA~ lohAcAryaMkA samaya 52 varSake sthAna para 90 varSa honA cAhie / isa prakAra 99 - 2 = 97 varSa aSTama, natrama aura dazama aGgaSAro AcAryoMkA kAla hai / anantara ekAMgadhArI pAMca AcAryoMkA samaya 118 varSa hai / yathA(1) vIra nirvANa saMvat 565 abali 28 varSe (2) 59 3 mAghanandi 21 varSa (3) 60 gharasena 15 (4) (5) 13 " " 1. 37 nv .. ". 13 " " 1t " 633 puSpadanta 663 bhUtabali 30 nv 11 20 varSa 118 varSa - isa prakAra isa paTTAvalI ke anusAra aGgaparamparAkA kula kAla62 + 100 + 183 + 123 + 97 118 - 683 varSa hai / indranandike zrutAvatAra, jinasenake harivaMza purANa, yativRSabhakI tiloyapaNatI evaM vIrasenakI dhavalA TIkAmeM AcAryoM kI jo paTTAvalo do gayI hai usameM lohAcArya taka 683 varSa ginAye haiM, para isa paTTAvalI meM mahaMdavalI, mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtabalikA 118 varSakA samaya sammilita hai / mahAvIrakI jo ziSya paramparA anyatra prApta hotI hai usameM gautama, lohAcAryaM aura jambUsvAmo ye tIna kevalI, viSNu, nandimitra, aparAjita, govardhana aura bhadrabAhu -- ye pAMca zrutakevalI; vizAkhAcArya, proSThila, kSatriya, jaya, nAga, siddhArtha, dhRtisena, vijaya, buddhiliGga, deva aura dharmasena - ye 11 dazapUrvake jJAtA; nakSatra, jayapAla, pANDu basena aura kaMsa - ye pAMca AcArAGgake jJAtA AcArya hue haiM | dhavalATIkAke satprarUpaNA aura vedanAkhaNDake prArambha meM ukta AcArya ko paramparA dI gayI hai | zravaNabelagolake zilAlekha naM0 1 aura 2 meM sudharmasvAmI nAmake sthAna para lohAcAryakA nAma prApta hotA hai / " tiloya paNNattI, harivaMzapurANa, brahmahemeMkRta zrutaskandha, zravaNabelagola * atha khalu mahoti mahAvIra savitari parinirvRte bhagavatparamapi gautama gaNadhara - sAkSAviSya- lohA - jambu- viSNudevAparAjita - gobarddhana bhadrabAhu viSAstra-proSThila kRtikAyaMjaya nAmasiddhArtha dhRtiSeNabuddhilAdi jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama mAga, mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, zilAlekha saMkhyA -1, pRSTha 1-2 / 2. jAvo siddho bauro taddivase godamo paramaNANI / jAdA tassi siddha sudhammasAmI tado jAdo || - tilomapaNatI 41476 3. trayaH kramAtkevalino jinArapare dviSaSTivarSAntirabhAvino'bhavan / tataH paraM paJca samasta pUrviNastapodhanA varSazatAntare gatAH / harivaMzapurANa 66 / 22 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 19

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abhilekha naM0 105 aura indranandi zrutAvatAra meM sudharma svAmIkA nAma upalabSa hotA hai| jayaghavalAmeM bhI lohAcAryake sthAna para sudharma svAmIkA hI nAma mAtA hai / ataH yahA~ yaha AzaGkA utpanna hotI hai ki lohAcArya aura sughamaM svAmI eka hI vyakti hai athavA bhinna-bhinna ? isa zaGkAkA samAdhAna jaMbudAvapaNa tIse ho jAtA hai| batAyA hai teNa vi lohajjassa ya lohajjeNa ya sughammaNAmeNa / gaNadharasudhammaNA khalu jaMbUNAmassa NiddihaM // 10 // caramalabuddhisahide tiSNade gaNadhare guNasamagge 1 kevalaNANapave siddhi masAmi // 11 // patte arthAt gautama gaNadharane lohAyaMko aura sohAyane jaMbusvAmoko upadeza diyaa| ye tInoM kevalI nirmala buddhiyoMse sahita guNoMse paripUrNa aura siddhiko prApta the / lohArya kA apara nAma sudharma svAmI thA / ataH lohAcArya aura suSamaMsvAmI donoM eka hI vyakti haiM, bhinna nahIM / isI prakAra vizu jAtA hai| prAkRta paTTAvala aura mahAvIrakI ziSyaparamparAmeM viSNu ke nAmakA ullekha AyA hai| para jaMbUdIvapaNatI aura tiloyapaNNattImeM isa sthAna para nandI yA nandImuni nAma milatA hai| jaMdadIvapaNNattImeM likhA hai- gaMdI ya maMdibhitto avarAjidamunivaro mahAteo / goNI mahatyA mahAguNo bhaddavAha ya // tiloyapaNNattI meM batAyA hai * dIya dimitto bidio abarAjido taijjo ya / govaddhaNo cautyo paMcamao bhaddabAhu ti // ukta uddharaNoM se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki viSNukA hI 4. siddhi gate vIra jine nubaddha kevalya bhisyAstraya evaM jAtAH / zrImatI ma sudharmajambU yaiH kevalI ve sahAnujam // 1. aMbubIyapaNNattI 1110-11 2. jaMbudIvapaNNI 1 / 12 3. tiloyapaNNattI 4 / 1482 20 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA apara nAma naMdI rahA - jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha prathama bhAga, abhilekha - 105 / --

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hogaa| vastuta: AcAryakA nAma viSNunandI hai / isake donoM zabda viSNu aura nando saMkSipta rUpameM prayukta hue haiN| eka sthAnapara 'viSNu' zabdakA prayoga huA hai aura dUsare para 'nando' kA / zravaNabelagolake zilAlekha naM0 105 meM aparAjisakA nAma pahale AyA hai aura nandimitrakA pazcAt / yaha kramabhaMga saMbhavataH chanda nirvAhake lie kiyA gayA hogaa| anya sabhI granthoMmeM nandibhitrakA pahale nAma AyA hai aura aparAjitakA bAdameM / __nandisaMghako prAkRta paTTAvalimeM paramparAse prApta buddhilake sthAnapara buddhilina nAma AyA hai| isI prakAra gaMgadevake sthAnapara kevala deva nAma prApta hotA hai / jayapAlake sthAnapara jayadhavalAmeM asaphala aura jambadIvapaNNattImeM' jasapAla nAma Aye haiN| yathArthataH ye nAma bhI eka ho yatike haiN| dhruvasenake sthAnapara indranandIke zrutAyatArameM drumasena aura zrutaskandhameM ghutasena nAma milate haiN| AcArAMgadhArI yazobhadrake sthAnapara indranandIke zrutAvatArameM abhayabhadra nAma AyA hai / isI prakAra yazobAhuke sthAnapara jayadhvalAmeM jabAhU; zrutAvatArameM jayabAhuH nandisaMghako prAkRta paTTAvali aura AdipurANa meM bhadrabAhu nAma Aye haiM / saMbhavataH nandisaMghako prAkRta paTTAvalike bhadrabAhu dvitIya haiN| prAkRta paTTAbalimeM tIna kevaliyoM, pAMca zrutakevaliyoM aura gyAraha dazapUrviyoMkA samaya to kramazaH 62 + 100 + 183 varSa batalAyA gayA hai, jisakA yogaphala 345 varSa AtA hai| isake pazcAt jina pAMca ekAdazAMgadhAriyoMkA samaya anyatra 220 varSa batalAyA hai, yahAM unakA samaya 123 varSa hI kahA hai / isake pazcAt Age jina cAra AcAryoMko anyatra AcArAMgadhArI kahA gayA hai, sanheM isa paTTAvalImeM 10, 9 aura 8 aMgakA pArI kahA hai tathA inakA samaya 118 varSake sthAnameM 99 varSa (27) kahA hai / paTTAvalIkI kAlagaNanAke anusAra vIra nirvANase 62 + 100 + 183 + 123 + 24 -492 varSa ke pazcAt dvitIya bhadrabAhu hue| inakA kAla 23 varSa basalAyA hai / gaNanAnusAra 527-492 - 35 arthAt I0 sanse 35 varSa pUrva dvitIya bhadrabAha hue haiN| paTTAvalImeM 'taduktaM vikramaprabandhe' likhakara jo do gAthAyeM uddhRta kI gayo 1. Nakkhatto jasapAlo paMTU vaseNa kaMsArio / emArasaMgapArI paMca jaNA hoti NihiTTA // -jambUbIvapaNNattI 1 / 16 2. indranandi atAvatAra, sUrata saMskaraNa, pRSTha 13 / 3. subhadrazca yazomatro bhtrbaahmhaayshaaH| lohAryazcetsamI jJeyAH prathamAnAdhipArazaH // -mahApurANa 2 149 zrutaghara aura sArasvatArArya : 21

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haiM, unameM batalAyA hai ki vIranirvANase 470 varSa pazcAt vikramakA janma huaa| ataeva 492 - 470 - 22 arthAt vikramake janmase 22 varSa pAche subhadrAcAryakA anta huA / tatpazcAt bhadrabAhu dvitIya paTTAsona hue| spaSTa hai ki vi0 saM0 22 se vi0 saM045 taka bhadrabAhu dvitIyakA samaya AtA hai| sarasvatIgacchakI paTTAvalImeM inheM jAtise brAhmaNa batAyA hai aura inakI Ayu 77 barSakI kahI gayI hai / isa paTTAvalomeM bhadrabAhake tIna ziSyoMke nAma Aye haiM--guptigupta, arhabali aura vizAkhAcArya / zrutake pralo bhadrabAhuke ziSyakA nAma bhI vizAkhAcArya thA / nandisaMghako paTTAvalI meM bhadrabAhu dvitIyake ziSyakA nAma lohAcArya batAyA gayA hai / dvitIya bhadrabAhu aura unake ziSya guptigusako sthiti sarvathA asAMdagdha nahIM hai| ataeva zvetAmbara paramparAke dvitIya bhadrabAhu digambara paramparAke bhadrabAhu dvitoyase sarvathA bhinna haiN| digambara bhadrabAhu varAhamihirake bhAI nahIM haiN| __ zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke gurukA nAma govardhanAcArya hai| ye hI digambara muniyoMkA sagha lekara dakSiNakI ora gaye the aura inhIkA ziSya candragupta maurya thaa| candragupta maurya ke sambandha meM hariSeNakathAkoSameM bhadrabAhukA AkhyAna AyA hai| isameM candragRptako ujjayinIkA rAjA batalAyA gayA hai| zizunAga vaMza aura nandavaMzake rAjya meM bhI ujjayinIkA rAjya sammilita thA / yadyapi candragupta mauryakI pradhAna rAjadhAnI pATaliputrameM thI; para pazcima khaNDakI rAjadhAnI ujjayinImeM sthita thii| jaba bhadrabAhu ujjayinI meM padhAre usa samaya usa nagarameM mahAn zrAvaka rAjA candragupta thaa| isase avagata hotA hai ki usa samaya candragupta ujjayinI meM gayA huA thaa| yaha jaina zramaNoMkA bar3A bhaka thA aura unakA yathocita Adara-satkAra karatA thA / mi. jaoNrja sI0 ema0 valDaMvukane likhA hai-"candragupta aura bindusAra dAnoM jaina the; kintu candraguptake pautra azokane bauddhadharma svIkAra kiyA thA / '' tiloyapaNNattomeM batAyA hai ki mukuTadhara rAjAoMmeM antima rAjA candraguptane jinadIkSA grahaNa kI thii| isake pazcAt anya koI mukuTabara dIkSita nahIM huaa| mauDadharesu carimo jiNadikkha parida caMdagutto ya / tatto maraDadharA duppaJcajja va gehati / / 1, kailAzacandra zAstro, jaina sAhityakA itihAsa, pUrva pIThikA. varNI granthamAlA vArANasI, pRSTha 352 / 2. tiloyapaNatI 4.1481 22 : tIrthakara mahAvIra ora unako AcArya paramparA

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tiloyapaNyattike isa sandarbhase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki candraguptakA ullekha jisa prasaMgameM AyA hai vaha prasaMga atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| kevalA aura zruta. kevaliyoMke madhyameM candragupsakA nirdeza sAmAnya nahIM hai| antima kevalajJAnI zrIdhara kuNDaliirase siddhiko prApta hue / cAraNaRSiyoM meM antima supAzvaMcandra nAmaka RSi hae / antima prajJAyamaNa vanayaza aura antima avadhijJAno zrInAmaka RSi hue / isake pazcAt mukuTadharoMmeM antima candraguptane jinadIkSA grahaNa ko / candraguptakA nirdeza karanevAlo gAthAke pazcAt zratakevalI bhadrabAhakA nAma AyA hai / ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki antima zrutakevalo aura mauyaM candragupta ye donoM samakAlIna haiN| khAravelake hAthI gamphAvAle abhilekhakI solahavIM paMktikA jAyasavAla sAhabane adhyayana kara likhA hai...-"jaina AgamoMke itihAsake aura adhika gahare adhyayanase hama nirNaya karane meM samartha hoMge ki ukta paktike kiye gaye tona artho se kauna-sA artha prAya hai| kintu candragupta maurya ke samaya meM jana mUlamanthoMke vinAzako lekara jainaparamparAmeM jo vivAda calatA hai usakA lekhake ukta pAThase Azcaryajanaka samarthana hotA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki ur3IsA jainadharmake usa sampradAyakA anuyAyA thA, jisane candraguptake rAjyameM pAliputrameM honevAlI vAcanAmeM saMkalita AgamoMko svIkAra nahIM kiyA thaa|" jAyasavAlajIke uparyuka kathanase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki digambara aura zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bhadrabAhu zrutakevaloke samayase zrutakA viccheda hone kI jo anubhutiyA~ haiM ve mauryakAlase sambaddha haiN| ataeva bhadrabAhu zratta kevalokA astitva candragupta mauryake samayameM siddha hai| nandisaMghakI prAkRta paTTAvalose bhI ukta kathanako puSTi hotA hai| paTTAvalImeM vIranirvANase lohAcArya taka 565 varSoMkA samaya batAyA hai| anya granthoMmeM yaha kAla 683 varSa hai| isa prakAra kAlagaNanAmeM 118 varSoM kA antara AtA hai / yadyapi tIna kevalI, pAMca zrutakevalA aura gyAraha dazapUrvadhAro AcAryoko kAlagaNanAmeM koI antara nahIM hai / to bhI ahaMlise bhUtabali paryanta pA~ca AcAryoke diye gaye 118 varSoM meM 50 varSa zratakeliyoMke bhI sammilita kara diye jAyeM to zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura candraguptamauryako samakAlInatA bana jAtI hai| hariSeNakRta bRhatkathAkoSameM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA jo AkhyAna AyA hai usameM batAyA hai ki 'dubhikSake kAraNa zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu navadIkSita apane P. Journal of Bihar Orissa Rescarch Society Pauna vol. 13 Y, 236 2. vRhatkathAkoSa, bhAratIya vidyAbhavana bambaI, san, 1943, pR0 317-319 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 23

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ziSya candragupta sahita dakSiNakI ora cale / candraguptakA dIkSA nAma vizAkhAcArya pdd'aa| jaba durbhikSa samApta ho gayA so vizAkhAcArya samasta saMghake sAtha dakSiNApathase madhyadeza meM lauTa aayaa| rAmirula, sthavira aura sthUlabhadrAcArya tInoM durbhikSakAla meM sindhudeza meM cale gaye the / unhoMne vahA~se lauTakara batalAyA ki usa deza ke nivAsI durbhikSa pIr3itoMke bhayase dinameM bhojana nahIM kara pAte the / ataeva ve rAtrimeM bhojana karate the / unhoMne hamase kahA ki Apa loga bhI rAtri ke samaya hamAre gharase pAtra lekara AhAra le jAyA kreN| una logoMke isa anurodhapara hamaloga rAtri meM AhAra lAkara dinameM bhojana karane lge| eka dina eka kRzakAya nigraMtha sAdhu hAthameM bhikSApAtra lekara zrAvakake ghara gayA / andhakArameM usa nagnamuniko dekhakara eka garbhiNI zrAvikAkA bhayake kAraNa garbhapAta ho gayA / isapara zrAvakoMne Akara sAdhuoMse prArthanA kI- "samaya bar3A kharAba hai / jabataka sthiti Thoka nahIM hotI, tabataka Apaloga bA~yeM hAthase arddhaphAlakaastrako Age karake dAhine hAtha meM bhikSApAtra lekara rAtrimeM AhAra lene AyA kreN| jaba subhita ho jAya taba prAyazcitta lekara punaH apane tapameM saMlagna ho jAye / " zrAvakoM kA ukta kara sakate / jaba subhikSa ho gayA to rAmilla, sthavira aura sthUlabhadrAcAryane sakala saMghako bulAkara arddha vastra chor3a denekA Adeza diyA aura sabhI vizAkhAcAryake pAsa gaye aura nairgranthyarUpa dhAraNa kiyA / jinako guruke vacana rucikara pratIta nahIM hue una zaktihInoMne jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpakA bheda karake bhaddhaphAlaka sampradAyakA pracalana kiyA / ' I uparyukta AkhyAnakA anya aitihAsika saMdarbhoM meM adhyayana karanepara avagata hotA hai ki sthavira aura sthUlabhadra bhadrabAhuke samakAlIna haiM / digambara paraMparAme zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuko jo sthAna prApta hai, zvetAmbara paramparAmeM vahI sthAna sthUlabhadrako prApta hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya kI AcArya paramparAkA prArambha zrutta kevalI bhadrabAhuse na hokara sthUlabhadrAcArya se hotA hai / ataeva saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki digambara ArAtiyoM kI paramparA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhule prArambha hotI hai| isa paramparAke AcAryameM bheda karanA zakya nahIM hai, kyoMki sabho AcAryoM ne gautama gaNadhara dvArA grathita zrutakA hI vivecana kiyA hai| viSayavastu vahI rahI hai, jisakA nirUpaNa tIrthaMkara mahAvIrakI divyadhvani dvArA huA hai| vibhinna samayoMmeM utpanna honeke kAraNa ina AcAryoMne kevala dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvake anusAra abhivyaJjanA zaktikA hI rUpAntara kiyA hai| tathya samAna hote hue bhI kathana karanekI prakriyA bhinna hai| hama suvidhA kI dRSTise 24 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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digambara ArAtiyoMkI paramparAko nimnalikhita pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhaka kara vivecana upasthita kreNge| 1. zrutadharAcArya / 2. sArasvatAcArya / 3. prabuddhAcArya / 4. paramparApoSakAcArya / 5. kavi aura lekhaka-AcArya tulya / 1. zrutadharAcAryase abhiprAya hamArA una AcAryo se hai, jinhoMne siddhAnta, sAhitya, karbhasAhitya, badhyArAsAhirakA gAyaka digambara AcAryoM ke cAritra aura guNoMkA jovanameM nirvAha karate hue kiyA hai / yoM to prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dhyAnuyogakA pUrva paramparAke AdhArapara grantharUpameM praNayana karanekA kArya sabhI AcArya karate rahe haiM, para kevalI aura zrutakevaliyoMkI paramparAko prApta kara jo aMga yA pUrvo ke ekadezazAtA AcArya hue haiM unakA itivRtta zrutadhara AcAryoM ko paramparAke antargata prastuta kiyA jAyagA | ataeva ina AcAryoM meM guNadhara, dharasena, puSpadanta, bhUtavali, yativRSama, uccAraNAcArya, AyamaMkSu, nAgahasti, kundakunda, gRpicchAcArya aura vappadevakI gaNanA kI jA sakatI hai| zrutagharAcArya yugasaMsthApaka aura yugAntarakArI AcArya haiM / inhoMne pratibhAke kSINa honepara naSTa hoto huI zrutaparamparAko mUrta rUpa denekara kArya kiyA hai| yadi zratadhara AcArya isa prakArakA prayAsa nahIM karate to Aja jo jinavANI avaziSTa hai, vaha dikhalAyI nahIM pdd'tii| zrutadharAcArya digambara AcAryo ke mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNoMse yukta the aura paramparAko jIvita rakhaneko dRSTise ve grantha-praNayanameM saMlagna rahate the| zrutakI yaha paramparA arthazruta aura dravyazrutake rUpameM I. san pUrvakI zatAbdiyoMse Arambha hokara I0 sankI caturtha-paMcama zatAbdI taka calatI rahI hai / ataeva zrutaghara paramparAmeM karmasiddhAnta, lokAnuyoga evaM sUtra rUpameM aisA nibaddha sAhitya, jisapara uttarakAlameM TIkAe~, vivattiyA~ evaM bhASya likhe gaye haiM, kA nirUpaNa samAviSTa rahegA / 2. sArasvatAcAryase hamArA abhiprAya una AcAryosa hai, jinhoMne prApta huI zrutaparamparAkA maulika granthapraNayana aura TokA sAhitya dvArA pracAra aura prasAra kiyA hai| ina AcAryo meM maulika pratibhA to rahI hai, para zrutadharoMke samAna aMga aura pUrva sAhityakA jJAna nahIM rahA hai / ina bAcAryoM meM samantabhadra pUjyapAda-devanandi, pAtrakesarI, joindu, RSiputra, akalaMka, vIrasena, jinasena, dhRtadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 25

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mAnatuMga, elAcArya, jaTAsiMhanandi, vIranandi, vidyAnanda Adi AcArya parigaNita haiN| 3. prabuddhAcAryase hamArA abhiprAya aise AcAryo se hai, jinhoMne apanI pratibhA dvArA granthapraNayanake sAtha bittiyA~ aura bhASya bhI gne haiM / yadyapi sArasvatAcArya aura pravaddhAcArya donoM meM hI pratibhAkA bAhulya hai, para donoMko pratibhAke tAratamya meM antara hai / jitanI mudama nirUpaNazakti sArasvatAcAryoMmeM pAyI jAtI hai, utanI sakSama nirUpaNazakti prabuddhAcAryA meM nahIM haiN| kalpanAko ramaNIyatA yA kalpanAko uDAna prabaddhAcAryoM meM adhika hai, aura isa zreNIke sabhI AcArya prAyaH kavi haiN| inakA gadya aura padya bhI akRta zailIkA hai| ataH abhivyaJjanAkI sazakta kAvyazaktike rahanepara bhI siddhAntanirUpaNakI vaha kSamatA nahIM hai, jo kSamatA sArasvatAcArya yA vRtagharAcAryA meM pAyo jAtI hai / isa zreNIka AcAyo meM jinasana prathama, prabhAcandra, narendrasena, bhAvasena, Aryanandi, nemicandragaNi, pavanandi vAdIsiMha, hariSeNa. vAdirAja, padmanandi-janbUdvopapaNNattIkAra,mahAsena, somadeva, hastimalla, rAsiMha, nayanandi, mAghavacandra. vidya, vizvasena, jayasenAcArya dvitIya, anantavIrya evaM indranandi Adiko gaNanA kI jA sakatI hai| ina AcAryoM ne padayAtrA dvArA bhAratakA bhramaNa kiyA aura apabhraMza evaM saMskRta Adi bhASAoMmeM grantha-racanA kI / 4. paramparApoSaka AcAryoMse hamArA abhiprAya una bhadrArakose hai jinhoMne digambara paramparAkI rakSAke lie prAcIna AcAryA dvArA nirmita granthoM ke AdhAra para apane navona grantha likhe / sArasvatAcArya aura prabuddhAcAryameM jaisI mAlika pratibhA samAviSTa thI, veso maulika pratibhA paramparApoSaka AcAryo meM nahIM pAyo jaatii| nayI sambhAvanAoMkA vikAsa ina AcAryoM dvArA nahIM ho sakA hai / piSTapeSaNakA kArya hI ina AcArya ke dvArA huA hai| yoM to saMskRti nirmAtAoMke rUpameM aneka paramparApoSaka AcArya Ate haiM, para vAGamaya-sRjanakI maulika pratibhA aura adhyayana-gAmbhIrya prAyaH inheM prApta nahIM thaa| ghanA-mAnI ziSyoMse veSTita rahakara, mantra-tantra yA jAdU-Toneko carcAeM kara, janasAdhAraNako ye apanI ora AkRSTa karate rahate the / dharmapracAra karanA, janasAdhAraNako dharmaka prati zraddhAlu banAye rakhanA evaM sarasvatIkA saMrakSaNa karanA prAyaH paramparApoSaka AcAryoM kA lakSya huA karatA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki ina AcAryoM dvArA gaddiyoM para samRddha granthAgAra sthApita kiye gaye / maulika granya-praNayanake sAtha ArSa aura mAnya kaviyoM evaM zrutadharoM dvArA racita vAGamaya, kAvya evaM AdhyAtmasAhityako pratilipiyA~ bhI inake tattvAvadhAnameM prastuta kI gayI haiM / 26 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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paramparApoSaka AcAryoM ne yugAnusAra racanAe~ na likhakara dharmapracArArtha kathAkAvya yA darzana sambambI granthoMkA praNayana kiyA hai| dharma aura saMskRti ke dAyitvakA nirvAha lagabhaga pA~ca chaha sau varSo taka ina AcArya ke dvArA hotA rahA hai| ye AcArya Arambha meM nizcayataH nispRhI, tyAgo, jJAnI evaM jitendriya the / svayaM vidvAn honeke sAtha manISI vidvAnkA sampoSaNa bhI inhIMkI gaddiyAMsa hotA thaa| paramparApoSaka AcAryo kA lakSya granthoMke saMkhyAbAhulya para thA, maulika racanAkI ora nahIM / isa zreNI ke AcArya kIrti, moca, sahajUra, malliSeNa zrutasAgara, ajitasena varddhamAnabhaTTAraka, jJAnakoti, brahmanemidatta, vAdicandra, somakIrti, vibudhazrIdhara, amarakIrti, devacandra, yazaHkIrti, haricandra, tejapAla, pUrNabhadra, dAmodara, trivikrama, jJAnakIrti, vidyAnanda brahmazrutasAgara, padmanandi, nemicandra, sahasrakoti, jinendrabhUSaNa, dharbhabhUSaNa, guNacandra, zubhacandra, zubhakIrti, devendrakoti, cAritrabhUSaNa, nAgadeva, candrakIti, jayakIrti, surmAtasAgara, aruNarmANa, zrInandi, zrIcandra, kamalakIti Adi pramukha haiM / ina AcAryoM ne nimnalikhita rUpameM vAGmayakI sevA kI hai 1. paurANika carita-kAvya karana 2. laghuprabandha kathAkAvya 3. dUsa-kAvya 1 4. nyAya darzana viSayaka sAhitya 5. madhyAtma-sAhitya 6. prabandhAtmaka prazastimUlaka aitihAsika kAvya 7. sandhAna- kAvya 8. sUkti, AcAramUlaka kAvya 9. stotra aura pUjAbhakti sAhitya 10. nATaka 11. vividha viSayaka samasyApUrtyAtmika kAvya 12. saMhitA - viSayaka sAhitya kavi aura lekhaka-digambara paramparAkai zrutakA saMrakSaNa aura vistAra AcAryoM ke atirikta gRhastha lekhaka aura kaviyAne bhI kiyA hai| paMDita AzAdhara jaise bahuzrutaza vidvAn isa paramparAmeM hue haiM / jinhoMne maulika racanAoMke sAtha aneka granthoMke TokA aura TippaNa bhI likhe haiM / mahAkavi raddadhU, asama, haricanda Adine bhI racanAe~ likhakara ArAtIya paramparAke vikAsameM yogadAna zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 27

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diyA hai / AcArya jinasena, mahAkavi puSpadantakI paramparAkA vikAsa vibhinna bhASAoM dvArA racita vAGmayake AdhArapara kiyA hai| prabuddha AcAryoM ne jina paurANika mahAkAvyoMke racanAtantrakA prAraMbha kiyA thA, usa racanAtantrakA samyaka vikAsa ina kaviyoMke dvArA huaa| saMskRta, apabhraMza, hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI, kannar3a, tamila, telagu Adi bhASAoMmeM kaviyoM aura lekhakoMne siddhAnta aura AcAraviSayaka racanAe~ likhakara zrutaparaMparAkA vikAsa kiyA hai| ye lekhaka aura kavi bhI vAGmayake sraSTA aura saMvarddhaka haiN| isa zreNIka kAMba aura lekhakoMmeM asaga, haricanda, ahaMdAsa. AzAghara, dharma dhara, doDaya, jagannAtha, lakSmIcandra, rAmacandra mumukSa, padmanAbha kAyastha, banArasIdAsa, paMDita rAmacandra, brahmakAmarAja, rUpacandra, rUpacandra pANDeya, harapAla, kezavasena, akSayarAma, devadatta, paMDita dharasena, zivabhirAma, brahmarAjamala Adi pramukha haiN| sAdhAraNataH ina kavi aura lekhakoMmeM adhikAMzakA saMbandha bhaTTArakoMke sAtha hai / yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki inameMse do cAra kavi yA lekhaka bhaTTAraka bhI rahe hoM, para racanAoMse inakA jIvana sAMsArika gRhasthake samAna ho pratIta hotA hai / isI kAraNa hamane inakI gaNanA kavi aura lekhakoMmeM ko hai| zrutadharAcArya AcArya guNadhara aura unakI racanAeM zrutadharAcAryoM ko paraMparAmeM sarvaprathama AcArya guNadharakA nAma AtA hai / guNadhara aura dharasena donoM hI zruta-pratiSThApakake rUpameM prasiddha haiM / guNadhara AcArya dharasenakI apekSA adhika jJAnI the| guNavarako 'paJcamapUrvagata penjadosapAhura' kA jJAna prApta thA aura gharasenako 'pUrvagata kammapaDipAhuDa' kA / itanA hI nahIM, kintu guNadharako 'pejjadosapAhu ke atirikta 'mahAkammapaDipAhuDa'kA bhI mAna prApta thA, jisakA samarthana 'kasAyapAhuI'se hotA hai / 'kasAyapAhuDa meM bandha, saMkramaNa, udaya aura udIraNA jaise pRthak adhikAra diye gaye haiN| ye adhikAra 'mahAkammapaDipAhu ke caubIsa anuyogadvAroMmeMse kramazaH SaSTha, dvAdaza aura dazama anuyogadvAroMse saMbaddha haiN| 'mahAkammapayaDipAhuDa'kA caubIsavA~ alpabahutva nAmaka anuyogadvAra bhI 'kasAyapAhuDa'ke sabhI arthAdhikAroM meM vyApta hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki AcArya guNadhara 'mahAkammapayaDipAhuDa ke jJAtA hone ke sAtha 'pejjadosapAhuDa' ke jJAtA aura 'kasAyapAhuDa' ke rUpameM usake upasaMhArakartA bhI the| para 'chAsaDAgama'ko dhadalA-TokAke adhyayanase aisA jJAta nahIM hotA ki parasena 'pejadosapAhuba'ke mAtA the / ataeva AcArya guNagharako digaMbara paraMparAmeM likhita rUpameM prApta zrusakA prathama zrutakAra mAnA jA sakatA hai| gharasenane kisI granthakI 28 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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racanA nahIM kii| jabaki guNadharane 'pejjadosapAhuDa'kI racanA kI hai / jayaghavalAke maMgalAcaraNake pazcase jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya guNadharane kasAyapAekA gAthAoM dvArA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| jeNiha kasAyapAhuDamaNeyaNayamujjalaM aNaMtatyaM / gAhAhi vivariyaM taM guNaharabhaDArayaM yaMde // 6 // isake anantara AcArya vIrasenane likhA hai-jJAnapravAdapUrvake nirmala dasaveM vastu adhikArake tRtIya kasAyapAhuDarUpI samudrake jalasamUhase prakSAlita matijJAnarUpI netravArI evaM tribhuvana-pratyakSajAnakartA guNadhara bhaTTAraka haiM aura unake dvArA upadiSTa gAthAoMmeM sampUrNa kasAyapAhuDakA athaM samAviSTa hai / AcArya vIrasenane usI saMdarbha meM Age likhA hai ki tIsarA kaSAyaprAbhUta mahAsamudrake tulya hai aura AcArya guNadhara usake pAragAmI haiM / ___ vIrasenAcAryake ukta kathanase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki AcArya guNadhara pUrvavidoMkI paramparA meM sammilita the, kintu dharasena pUrvavid hote hue bhI pUrvavidoMkI paramparAmeM nahIM the / eka anya pramANa yaha bhI hai ki gharasenakI apekSA guNadhara apane viSayake pUrNa jJAtA the ! ataH yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki guNadhara aise samayameM hue the jaba pUrvo ke AMzika jJAnameM utanI kamI nahIM AyI tho, jitanI kamI dharasenake samayameM A gayI thI / ataeva guNadhara dharasenake pUrvavartI haiN| samaya-vicAra ___ AcArya gaNagharake samayake sambandhameM vicAra karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki inakA samaya gharasenake pUrva hai| indranandike zrutAvatArameM lohArya takako gurUparamparAke pazcAt vinayadasa, zrIdatta, zivadatta aura ahaMitta ina cAra AcAryokA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ye sabhI AcArya aMgoM aura pUrvo ke ekadezanAtA the| inake pazcAt ahaMdvalikA nAma AyA hai| arhali bar3e bhArI saMghanAyaka the| inheM pUrvadezake puNDvardhanArakA nivAsI kahA gayA hai| inhoMne paJcavarSIya yugapratikramaNake samaya bar3A bhAro eka yasi-sammelana kiyA, jisameM sau yojana sakake yati sammilita hue| ina yattiyoMko bhAvanAoMse arhadaline sAta kiyA ki aba pakSapAtakA samaya A gayA hai / ataeva inhoMne nandi, vIra, aparAjita, deva, paJcastUpa, sena, bhadra, guNadhara, gupta, siMha, candra Adi nAmoMse bhinna-bhinna saMgha sthApita kiye, jisase parasparameM maMbAssakhyabhAva vRddhiMgata ho ske| __ saMghake uksa nAmose yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki guNadharasaMgha AcArya guNadharake nAma para hI thA / ataH guNadharakA samaya ahaMvalike samakAlIna yA unase bhI vavaSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 29

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pUrva honA cAhie / indranandiko guNaghara aura dharasenakA pUrva yA uttaravattitva jJAtta nahIM hai / ataeva unhoMne svayaM apano asamarthatA vyakta karate hue likhA guNadharadharasenAnvayaguryoH pUrvAparakramo'smAbhiH | na jJAyate tadanvayakathakAgamamunijanAbhAvAt / / 151 / / arthAt guNavara aura dharasenakI pUrvApara guruparamparA hameM jJAta nahIM hai kyoMki isakA vRttAnta na to hameM kisI AgamameM milA aura na kisI munine ho batalAyA / spaSTa hai ki indranandike samaya taka AcArya guNadhara aura gharasenakA pUrvAparavattitva smRtike garbha meM vilIna ho cukA thA / para itanA spaSTa hai ki ali dvArA sthApita saMghoM meM guNavarasaMghakA nAma AyA hai / nandisaMghakI prAkRta paTTAvalo meM arhalikA samaya vIra nirvANa saM0 565 athavA vi0 saM0 95 hai / yaha spaSTa hai ki guNadhara arhadvalike pUrvavartI haiM; para kitane pUrvavartI haiM, yaha nirNayAtmaka rUpase nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yAda guNadharako paramparAko khyAti prApta karane meM sau varSakA samaya mAna liyA jAya to 'chavakhaMDAgama' pravacanakarttA gharasenAcAryase 'kasA pAhuDa' ke praNetA guNavarAcAryakA samaya lagabhaga do sau varSa pUrva siddha ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra AcArya guNadharakA samaya vi0 pU0 prathama zatAbdI siddha hotA hai / hamArA yaha anumAna kevala kalpanA para AdhRta nahIM hai / addhalike samaya taka guNadharake itane anuyAyI yati ho cuke the ki unake nAmapara unheM saMghakI sthApanA karanI par3I / ataeva advaliko anya saMghoMke samAna guNakara saMghakA bhI mAnyatA denI pdd'ii| prasiddhi prApta karate aura anuyAyo banAne meM kamase kama sI varSakA samaya to laga ho sakatA hai / ataH guNadharakA samaya dharasenase kamase kama do sau varSa pUrva avazya honA cAhiye / inake guru Adike sambandhameM koI jAnakArI prApta nahIM hotI hai / guNadharane isa granthako racanA kara AcArya nAgasti aura AryamakSuko isakA vyAkhyAna kiyA thA / ataeva inakA samaya ukta AcAryoMse pUrva hai / chanakhaMDAgamake sUtroMke adhyayana se bhI yaha avagata hotA hai ki 'pejjadosapA huDa' kA prabhAva isake sUtroM para haiM / bhASAkA dRSTise bhA chakkhaMDAgamakI bhASA kasasyapAhuDakI bhASAko 1. indranandi, zrutAvatAra padya 159. 30 : torthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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apekSA arvAcIna hai / ataH gugadharakA samaya vi0 pU0 prathama zatAbdI mAnanA sarvathA ucita hai / jayadhavalAkArane likhA hai " puNo tAo caitra sulagAAo AiriyaparaMparAeM AgacchamANIo ajjama - khuNA gahatthINaM gattAo / putro temi donhaM pi pAdamUle asodisadagAhANaM guNahara muhakamalaviNiggayANamatthaM sammaM soUNa jayivasa bhaDAraeNa pavayaNa vacchale cuNitaM kathaM / arthAt guNadharAnAyake dvArA 180 gAthAoM meM kasAyapAhuDakA upasaMhAra kara diye jAne para ve hA sUtragAthAe~ AcArya paramparAse AtI huI AyamakSu aura nAgastiko prApta huiiN| pazcAt una donoM hI AcArya ke pAdamUlameM baiThakara guNadharAcArya ke mukhakamalase nikalI huI una 180 gAthAoMke arthako bhale prakArase zravaNa karake pravacanavAtsalya se prerita ho yativRSabha bhaTTArakane janapara cUNisUtroMkI racanA kI / isa uddharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki AcArya guNadharane mahAn viSayako saMkSepa meM prastuta kara sUtrapraNAlIkA pravattana kiyA / guNadhara digambara paramparA ke sabase pahale sUtrakAra haiM / racanA guNadharAcAryane 'kasAyapAhuDa', jisakA dUsarA nAma 'pejjadosapAhuDa' bhI hai, kI racanA kI hai / 1600 viSayako saMkSepa meM ekasau assI gAthAoM meM hI upasaMhRta kara diyA hai / 'peja' zabdakA artha rAga hai / yataH yaha grantha rAga aura dveSakA nirUpaNa karatA hai / krodhAdi kaSAyako rAgadveSa pariNati aura unakI prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga evaM pradezabandha sambandhI vizeSatAoM kA vivecana ho isa granthakA mUla varNya viSaya hai| yaha grantha sUtrolImeM nibaddha hai / guNadharane gahana aura vistRta viSayako atyanta saMkSepameM prastuta kara sUtraparamparAkA AraMbha kiyA hai| unhoMne apane granthake nirUpaNakI pratijJA karate hue gAthAoMko sunagAhA kahA haigAhAsade asIde atthe paNNarasadhA vittammi | vocchAmi suttagAhA jayi gAhA -- am // 2 // spaSTa hai 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI zailI gAthAsUtra zailI hai| prazna yaha hai ki ina gAthAoM ko sUtragAthA kahA jAya athavA nahIM ? vicAra karanese jJAta hotA hai ki 'kasAyapAhUDa' kI gAthAoM meM sUtrazailIke sabhI lakSaNa samAhita hai| isa 1. phasAyapAhuDasuta, bhAga 1 0 88. 1. kasAyAhuta gAthA 2. zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya 31

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granthakI jayadhavalA-TIkAmeM AcArya vIrasenane AgamadaSTise sUtrazailIkA lakSaNa batalAte hue likhA hai suttaM gaNaharakahiyaM taheya patteyabuddhakahiyaM ca / sudakevaliNA kahiyaM abhiNNadasapubdhikahiyaM ca // ' arthAt jo gaNaghara, pratyekabuddha, zrutakevalI aura abhinnadasapUrviyoM dvArA kahA jAma nahara hai| aba yahA~ prazna yaha hai ki gaNadhara bhaTrAraka na to gaNadhara haiM, na pratyekabuddha haiM, na zrutakevalI haiM aura na abhinnadazapUrzI haiN| ataH pUrvokta lakSaNake anusAra inake dvArA racita gAthAoMko sUtra kaise mAnA jAya ? isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna karate hue prAcArya vIrasenane likhA hai ki AgamadaSTise satra na hone para bhI zelIko dRSTise ye sabhI gAthAe~ sUtra haiM--'idi vayaNAdo NedAo gAhAo suttaM gaNahara-patteyabuddha-sUdakevali-abhiNNadasapUvIsu guNaharabhaDArayassa abhAvAdI; Na, NiddosApakva ra sahejapamAhi sutteNa sittamatyi tti suttttuvlNbhaado|' arthAt guNadhara bhaTTArakako gAthAeM nirdoSa, alpAkSara evaM sahetuka honeke kAraNa sUtrake samAna haiN| sUtrazabdakA vAstavika artha bAjapada hai| tIrthakarake mukhase nissRta bojapadoMko sUtra kahA jAtA hai aura isa sUtrake dvArA utpanna honevAlA jJAna sutrasama kahalAtA hai 'idi vayaNAdA tisthayarabayaNaciNimgayabIjapadaM suttaM / teNa sutteNa samaM vaTTIda uppadi tti gaNaharadevammi TidasudaNANaM suttasama' / ' bandhana anuyogadvArameM sUtrakA artha zrutakevalI yA dvAdazAMgarUpa zabdAgama liyA gayA hai aura dhrutakecalIke samAna zrutajJAnako bhI sUtrasama kahA hai; para kRtiyanuyogadvArameM jo sUtrako paribhASA batalAyA gayA hai usake anusAra dvAdazAMgakA sUtrAgamameM antarbhAva na hokara granthAgamameM antarbhAva hotA hai| yataH kRtianuyogadvArameM gaNadhara dvArA race gaye dravyazrutako granthAgama kahA hai| ___ AcArya vIrasenakA abhimata hai ki sUtrako samagra paribhASA jinendra dvArA kathita arthapadoMmeM hI pAyI jAtI hai. gaNadharadevake dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgameM nahIM / isa vivecanase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki yadyapi guNadhara AcArya dvArA viracita 'kamAyapAhuDa' meM Agamasammata sUtrakI paribhASA ghaTita nahIM hotI; para 1. jayadhavalATIkA, prathama khaNDa, 10 153. 2. kRti a0 10 A. pR0 556 / 32 : tIrthakara mahAvora aura unakI AnArya-paramparA

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sUtrazailIke samasta lakSaNa isameM samAhita haiM / AcAryaM vIrasenane jayadhavalAmeM 'kasAyapAhuDha' ko sUtragrantha siddha karate hue likhA hai " evaM savvaM pi suttalakSaNaM jiNavayaNakamala viNiggaya atyapadANaM caiva saMbhavai, Na gaNaharamuha viNiggayagaMtharayaNAe tattha mahAparimANa tubalaMbhAdo; Na; sacca (sutta) sAricchamassidUNa tattha vi suttattaM paDi virohAbhAvAdI / "" arthAt sUtrakA sampUrNa lakSaNa to jinadevake mukhakamalase nissRta arthapadoM meM hI saMbhava hai, gaNadhara ke mukhakamalase nikalI huI racanAmeM nahIM; kyoMki gaNadhara - kI racanAko parimANa hai| nA honepara bhI gaNadhara ke vacana bhI sUtra ke samAna honeke kAraNa sUtra kahalAte haiM / ataH unakI grantharacanAmeM bhI sUtratvake prati koI virodha nahIM hai / gaNadharavacana bhI bIjapadoMke samAna sUtrarUpa hai / ataeva guNadhara bhaTTArakakI racanA 'kasAyapAhUDa' meM sUtrazailIke sabhI pramukha lakSaNa ghaTita hote haiM / yahA~ vizleSaNa karanepara nimnalikhita sUtra lakSaNa upalabdha haiM 1. arthamattA 2. alpAkSaratA 3. asaMdigghatA 4. nirdoSatA 5. hetumattattA 6. sArayuktatA 7. sopaskAratA 8. anavadyasA 9 prAmANikatA spaSTa hai ki kasA pAhuDakI gAthAoMkI zailI sUtrazailI hai| isa grantha meM 180 + 53 = 233 gAthAe~ haiN| inameM 12 gAthAe~ sambandhajJApaka hai, chaH gAthAe~ addhAparimANakA nirdeza karatI haiM aura 35 gAthAe~ saMkramaNavRttise sambaddha haiN| jayadhavalA ke anusAra ye samasta 233 gAthAeM AcArya guNadhara dvArA viracita haiM / yahA~ yaha zaMkA svabhAvataH utpanna hotI hai ki jaba grantha meM 233 gAthAe~ thIM, to grantha ke AdimeM guNadharAcAryane 180 gAthAoMkA ho kyoM nirdeza kiyA ? AcArya vIrasenane isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna karate hue batAyA hai ki 15 adhikAroMmeM vibhakta honevAlI gAthAoMkI saMkhyA 180 rahaneke kAraNa guNadharAcAryane 1. jayaghavalA prathama bhAga, pR0 154. " zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 33

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180 gAthAoMkI saMkhyA nirdiSTa kI hai| sambandha-gAyAeM tathA avAparimANanirdezaka gAthAeM ina 15 adhikAroM meM sammilita nahIM ho sakatI haiM / ataH unakI saMkhyA chor3a dI gayI hai / / ___ AcArya vIrasenane punaH zaMkA upasthita kI hai ki saMkramaNa sambandhI 35 gAthAeM bandhaka nAmaka adhikArameM samAviSTa ho sakatI haiM, taba kyoM unakI gaNanA upasthita nahIM kI? isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki prAraMbhake pAMca arthAdhikAroM meM kevala tIna hI gAthAeM haiM aura una tIna gAthAoMse nibana hae pAMca adhikAroMmese bandhaka nAmaka adhikArase hI ukta 35 gAthAeM sambaddha haiN| ataH ina 35 gAthAoMko 180 gAthAoMkI saMkhyAmeM sammilita karanA koI mahattvakI bAta nahIM hai| hamArA anumAna hai ki jina 53 gAthAoMkI gaNanA AcArya guNadharane nahIM kI hai ve gAthAeM saMbhavataH nAgahastidvArA viracita honI cAhie / hamAre isa anumAnakI puSTi jayadhavalAse bhI hotI hai| jayadhavalAmeM' matAntarase ukta 53 gAthAoMko nAgahastikRta mAnA hai| eka bAta yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki sambandhanirdezaka 12 gAthAoM aura addhAparimANanirdezaka cha: gAthAoM para yattivRSabhake cUrNisUtra bhI upalabdha nahIM haiM / yadi ye gAthAeM guNadhara bhaTTAraka dvArA vicita hotI to yativRSabha inapara avazya hI mUrNisUtra likhate / dUsarI bAta yaha ki saMkramaNase sambaddha 35 gAthAoMmeMse 13 gAthAe~ zivazarma racita karmaprakRtimeM bhI pAyI jAtI haiM 1 yaha satya hai ki ukta tathyoMse 53 gAthAoMke racayitA nAgahasti siddha nahIM hote, para isameM AzaMkA nahIM ki ukta 53 gAyAeM guNadhara bhaTTAraka dvArA viracita nhiiN| yadyapi AcArya vIrasenane vyAkhyAkAroM ke matoMko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai to bhI samIkSAko dRSTise 53 gAthAoMko guNadhara bhaTTAraka dvArA viracita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| racanAzailIkI dRSTise 180 gAthAoMkI apekSA 53 gAthAoMkI zailI bhinna pratIsa hotI hai / eka anumAna yaha bhI hai ki AcArya guNadharane 180 gAthAoMko 15 adhikAroM meM vibhakta karanevAlI pratijJA nahIM kI hai| unakI pratijA to yaha honI cAhie thI ki solaha hajAra pada pramANa kaSAyaprAbhRtako eka-sau assI gAthAoMmeM saMkSipta karatA huuN| vastuta: guNadharAcArya kaSAya1. 'asIdisadagAhAo mosUNa abasesasaMbaMdhaddhAparimANihasrasaMkramaNagAhAko jaMga jAgahatthiyAriyakayAo teNa 'gAhAsade asode' ti maNiguNa gAgatpiArieNa pajjA kadA idi ke vi vakhANAiriyA bhaNati, taNa ghaDade / sAyapAhuDa, prathama bhAga, pu0 183. 34 : tothaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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prAbhUtako upasaMhRta karaneke lie pravRtta hue the, svaracita gAthAoMko adhikAroMmeM vibhakta karaneke lie nahIM / 'saptedA gAhAo'; 'edAo supta gAhAoM' Adi padoMse yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki ina gAthAoMkI racanAse pUrva mUlagAthAoM aura bhASyagAthAoMkI racanA ho cukI tho / anyathA amuka gAthAsUtra hai, isa prakArakA kathana saMbhava ho nahIM thA / ataeva vyAkhyAkAroMke, 'gAhAsade asIde' pratijJAvAkya nAgahastikA hai, isa abhimatako sarvathA upekSaNIya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / kasA pAhuDameM 15 adhikAra haiM jo nimna prakAra haiM 1. prakRti-vibhakti adhikAra 2. sthiti-vibhakti adhikAra 3. anubhAga- vividha adhikA 4. pradeza - vibhakti - zINAjhINa sthityantika 5. baMdhaka adhikAra 6. vedaka adhikAra 7. upayoga adhikAra 8. catuHsthAna adhikAra 9. vyaJjana adhikAra 10. darzana mohopazamanA adhikAra 11. darzanamokSapaNA adhikAra 12. saMyama saMyama labdhi adhikAra 13. saMyamalabdhi adhikAra 14. cAritramohopazamanA 15. cAritramohakSapaNA 1. prakRti-vibhakti - adhikArakA anya nAma 'pejjadosa- vibhatti' hai / yataH kaSAya pejja - rAga yA dveSarUpa hotI hai| cUrNisUtroM meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAra kaSAyoMkA vibhAjana rAga aura dveSameM kiyA hai| naigama aura saMgraha kI dRSTise krodha aura mAna dveSarUpa haiM tathA mAyA aura lobha rAgarUpa haiN| vyavahAranaya mAyAko bhI dveSarUpa mAnatA hai / yataH lokameM mAyAcArIkI nindA hotI hai / RjusUtranaya koSako dveSarUpa tathA lobhako rAgarUpa mAnatA hai| mAna aura mAyA na to rAgarUpa haiM aura na dveSarUpa hI; kyoMki mAna krodhotpattike dvArA dveSarUpa hai tathA mAyA lobhotpatti ke kAraNa rAgarUpa haisvayaM nahIM / ataH isa paramparAkA vyavahAra RjusUtratayakI sImAmeM nahIM AtA / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 35

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tInoM zabdanaya cAroM kaSAyoMko dveSarUpa mAnate haiM kyoMki unase karmoM kA Asava hotA hai| rAga aura haSoMkA vivecana hA anuyAyaNa hai-- eka jIvakI apekSA svAmitva, kAla aura antara tathA nAnA jIvoMkI apekSA bhaMgavicaya, satprarUpaNA, dravyapramANAnugama, kSetrAnugama, sparzAnugama, kAlAnugama, antarAnugama, bhAgAbhAgAnugama aura alpabahutvAnugama / 2. sthiti-vibhakti - AtmAkI zaktiyoMko AvRtta karanevAlA karma kahalAtA hai / yaha pudganyarUpa hotA hai| isa loka meM sUkSma karmapudgalaskandha bhare hue haiM jo isa jIvakI kAyika, vAcanika aura mAnasika pravRttike sAtha AkRSTa hokara svataH AtmAse baddha ho jAte haiM / karmaparamANuoM ko AkRSTa karanekA kArya yoga dvArA hotA hai| yaha yoga mana, vacana, kAya rUpa hai| isa yogakI jaisI zubhAzubha yA tIvra - mandarUpa pariNati hotI hai usIprakAra karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai / kaSAyake kAraNa karmoM meM sthiti aura anubhAga utpanna hote haiM / jaba pharma apanI sthiti pUrI honepara udayameM Ate haiM to iSTa yA aniSTa phala prApta hotA hai / isaprakAra jIva pUrvavaddha karmake udayase krodhAdi kaSAya karatA hai aura usase navIna karmakA bandha karatA hai / karmase kaSAya aura kaSAyase karmabandhakI paramparA anAdi hai / kabandhake cAra bheda haiM-- 1. prakRtibandha, 2. sthitibandha, 3 anubhAgabandha, 4. pradezabandha | karmoMmeM jJAna darzanAdiko rokane aura sukha-duHkhAdi dene kA jo svabhAva par3atA hai use prakRtibandha kahate haiM / karma bandhanepara kitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha baddha raheMge usa samayakI maryAdAkA nAma sthitibandha hai / karma tIvra yA manda jaisA phala deM usa phaladAnako zaktikA par3anA anubhAgabandha hai / karmaparamANuoM kI saMkhyA ke parimANakA nAma pradezabandha hai / prakRti aura pradezanandha yoga - mana, vacana, kAyakI pravRttise hote haiN| tathA sthiti aura anu bhAgabandha kAya hote haiM / sthiti-vibhaktinAmaka. isa dvitIya adhikAra meM sthitibandha ke sAtha prakRtibandhakA bhI kathana sammilita hai| prakRti aura sthitibandhakA eka jIvakI apekSA kathana svAmitva, kAla, antara, nAnAjIvoMkI aThekSA bhaMgavicaya, kAla, antara, bhAgAbhAga aura alpabahutvakI dRSTise kiyA hai| kasAyapAhuDameM mohanIyakarmakA vana vizeSa rUpase AyA hai| isa adhikArameM prakRti-vibhakti ke do bheda kiye haiM / prathama meda mUlaprakRti mohanIyakarma hai aura dvitIya bheda uttaraprakRtimeM mohanIya karmakI uttaraprakRtiyA~ grahaNa kI gaI haiN| isaprakAra vibhinna anuyogoM dvArA sthiti-vibhakti meM caudaha mArgaNAoMkA Azraya lekara mohanIyake 28 bhedoMkI 36 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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1 jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti batalAyI gaI hai / addhAccheda, sarvavibhakti, nosarvavibhakti, utkRSTavibhakti, anutkRSTavibhakti, jayanyavibhakti, ajaghanyavibhakti, sAdivibhakti, anAdivibhakti, dhruvavibhakti, adhruvavibhakti AdikA kathana kiyA hai / 3. anubhAga-vibhakti-adhikArameM karmoMko phaladAna - zaktikA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / AcAryane yahA~ usa anubhAgakA vicAra kiyA hai jo bandhase lekara sattAke rUpameM rahatA hai / vaha jitanA bandhakAlameM huA utanA bhI ho sakatA hai aura honAdhika bhI saMbhava hai / usake do bheda haiM- 1. mUlaprakRti - anubhAgavibhakti aura 2 uttaraprakRti anubhAgavibhakti / isa sabakA varNana saMkSepameM kiyA hai| isa adhikArameM saMjJAke do bheda kiye haiM- 1. ghAtisaMjJA aura 2. sthAnasaMjJA / mohanIyakamaMkI ghAtisaMjJA hai kyoMki vaha jIvake guNoMkA ghAtaka hai / ghAtIke do bheda haiM- sarvaghAtI vAtI | mohADa anubhAga sabaMdhAtI hai aura anutkRSTa anubhAga sarvaghAto aura dezaghAtI donoM prakArakA hai| isI taraha jaghanya anubhAga aura ajaghanya anubhAga dezaghAtI maura sarvaghAtI donoM prakArakA hai| sthAna anubhAgake cAra prakAra hai-- ekasthAnika, dvisthAnika, tristhAnika aura catuHsthAnika / isa prakAra anubhAga vibhakti meM anubhAga ke vibhinna bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana kiyA hai / - 4. pradeza - vibhakti - karmoM kA bandha honepara tatkAla bandhako prApta karmoM ko jo dravya milatA hai use pradeza kahate haiN| isake do bheda haiM- prathama bandhake samaya prApta dravya aura dvitIya bandha hokara sattA meM sthita dravya / kasAyapAhuDameM isa dvitIyakA ho nirUpaNa AyA hai / mohanIya karmako lekara svAmitva, kAla, antara, bhaMgavicaya Adi dRSTiyoMse vicAra kiyA hai / anubhAga ke do prakAra haijIva bhAgAbhAga aura pradezabhAgAbhAga | pahale kI carcA meM kahA hai ki utkRSTapradeza - vibhakti vAle jIva saba jIvoMke anantameM bhAga pramANa hai / aura anutkRSTapradeza-vibhaktti vAle jIva saba jIvoMke ananta bahubhAga pramANa haiM / isa prakAra isa pradeza vibhakti adhikArameM utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa prabhUti karmoM ko sthitiyoM kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / 5. baMdhaka-adhikAra meM karmavagaMNAoMkA midhyAtva avirati Adike nimittase prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradezake bhedase cAra prakArake karmarUpa pariNamanakA kathana AyA hai / isa adhikAra meM bandha aura saMkrama ina do viSayoMkA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / guNadhara bhaTTArakane isa bandhaka adhikArameM saMkramakA bhI antarbhAva kiyA hai / bandhake do bheda batAye haiM - 1. akarmabandha aura 2. karmabandha | jo kAryANavargaNAeM karmarUpa pariNata nahIM haiM unakA karmarUpa pariNata honA akarma zrutaSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 37

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bandha hai aura karmarUpa pariNata pudgalaskandhoMkA eka karmase apane sajAtIya anya karmarUpa pariNamana karanA karmabandha hai| yaha dvitIya karmabandha bheda hI saMkramarUpa hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isa bandhaka adhikArameM bandha aura saMkrama ina donoMkA samAveza ho jAtA hai / AcAryane 'kadi payaDIo bandhadi' Adi 23 saMkhyaka gAthAmeM isa adhikArakA varNana kiyA hai| 6. vedaka adhikAra isa AMdhakArameM batAyA hai ki yaha saMsAro jova mohanIyakarma aura usake avAntara bhedoMkA kahA~ kitane kAla taka sAntara yA nira. ntara kisa rUpameM vedana karatA hai | isa adhikArake do bheda haiM-udaya aura udoraNA / udIraNA sAmAnyataH udayavizeSa ho hai; kintu ina donoMmeM antara yaha hai ki karmoM kA jo yathAkAla phalavipAka hotA hai usakI udayasaMjJA hai aura jina karmo kA udayakAla prApta nahIM huA unako upAyavizeSase pacAnA udoraNA hai / isa adhikArako guNadharane cAra gAthAsUtroMmeM nibaddha kiyA hai| yahA~ udoraNA, udaya aura kAraNabhata bAhya sAmagrIkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| prathama pAda dvArA udIraNA sucita kI gayI hai / dvitIya pAda dvArA vistAra sahita udaya sUcita kiyA hai aura zeSa do pAdoM dvArA udayAlike bhItara praviSTa haI udayaprakRttiyoM aura anudayaprakRtiyoMko grahaNa kara pravezasaMjJAvAle arthAdhikArakA sUcana kiyA hai| ____ gAthAke pUrvArddhakA spaSTIkaraNa karaneke pazcAt uttarArddha meM batAyA hai ki kSetra, bhava, kAla aura pudgaloMko nimitta kara karmoM kA udaya aura udoraNArUpa phalavipAka hotA hai| yahAM kSetrapadase narakAdigatiyoMkA kSetra, bhavapadase ekaindriyAdi paryAyoMkA, kAlapadase vasanta, grISma aura varSA AdikA evaM pudgalapadase andha, tAmbUla, vastra, AbharaNa Adi pudgaloMkA grahaNa kiyA hai| ___ udIraNAke samagra vivecana ke pazcAt mAthAke uttarArddhameM udayakA kathana kiyA hai / udIraNAke mUlaprakRti udoraNA aura uttaraprakRti udoraNA ye do bheda kiye gaye haiN| uttaravartI TokAkAroMne 17 anuyogavAroMkA Azraya lekara udIraNAoMkA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| vaMdaka adhikArako dUsarI gAthAkA dUsarA pAda hai 'ko va keya aNubhAge' arthAt kauna jIva kisa anubhAgameM mithyAtva Adi pharmoM kA pravezaka hai| gAthAsUtrake isa pAdako vyAkhyA cUrNisUtrakAra aura TIkAkAroMne vistArapUrvaka kI hai| 7. upayogAdhikAra meM jIvake krodha, mAna, mAyAdirUpa pariNAmoMko upayoga kahA hai| isa adhikArameM cAroM kaSAyoMke upayogakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / aura batalAyA hai ki eka jIvake eka kaSAyakA udaya kitane kAla taka rahatA 38 : tIthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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hai aura kisa gattike jIvake kauna-sI kaSAya bArabAra udayameM AtI hai| eka bhavameM eka kaSAyakA udaya kitane bAra hotA hai aura eka kaSAyakA udaya kitane bhavoM taka rahatA hai| jitane jIva vartamAna samayameM jisa kaSAyase upayukta haiM kyA ve uttane hI pahale usI kaSAyase upayukta the? aura Age bhI kyA upayukta raheMge ? Adi kaSAyaviSayaka zAsaSya bAtoMkA vivecana isa adhikArameM kiyA hai| 8. catuHsthAna adhikAra-vAtiyAkarmoM kI phaladAnazaktikA vivaraNa latA, dAru, asthi aura zelarUpa upamA dekara kiyA gayA hai| inheM kramazaH ekasthAna, dvisthAna, tristhAna aura catuHsthAna bhI kahA gayA hai| isa prastuta adhikArake nAmakaraNakA kAraNa bhI ukta cAra sthAnoMkA rahanA ho hai| upamAoM dvArA krodhako pASANarekhAke samAna, pRthvIrekhAke samAna, bAlarekhAke samAna aura alarekhAke samAna basAyA hai| jisa prakAra jalameM khopI huI resvaH surata hiTa hotI hai aura bANu, mRtyI aura pASANapara khIdhIM gaI rekhAe~ usarottara adhika samayameM miTatI haiM, usI prakAra hInAdhika kAlakI apekSAse krodhake bhI cAra sthAna haiM / isI kramase mAna, mAyA aura lobhake bhI cAra-cAra sthAnoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / isake atirikta cAroM kaSAyoMke solaha sthAnoMmeMse kauna-sA sthAna kisa sthAnase adhika hotA hai aura kona kisase hIna hotA hai, kona sthAna sarvaghAtI hai, kona sthAna dezaghAtI hai ? AdikA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 9. vyaJjana adhikAra-vyaJjanakA artha paryAyavAcI zabda hai| isa adhikArameM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAroM ho kaSAyoMke paryAyavAcaka zabdoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| krodhake paryAya roSa ,akSamA, kalaha, vivAda Adi batalAye haiN| mAnake paryAya, mAna, mada, darpa, stambha, paribhava tathA mAyAke, mAyA, nikRti, vaMcanA, sAtiyoga aura anaRjutA Adi batalAye gaye haiN| lobhake paryAyoMmeM lobha, rAga, nidAna, preyasa, mI Adi batalAye gaye haiM ! isa prakAra vibhinna paryAyavAcI zabdoM dvArA kaSAyaviSayoMpara vicAra-vimarza kiyA gayA hai| 10. darzanamohopazamanAdhikAra-jisa karmake udayameM Anepara jIvako apane svarUpakA darzana-sAkSAtkAra aura yathArtha pratIti na ho use darzanamohakarma kahate haiM / isa karmake paramANuoMkA eka antarmuisake lie abhAva karane yA upazAntarUpa avasthA karaneko upazama kahate haiM / isa darzanamohake upazamanakI avasthA meM zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 39

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jIvako apane vAstavika svarUpakA eka antarmahUrtake lie sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai / isa sAkSAtkArakI sthitimeM jo use Ananda prApta hotA hai vaha anirvacanIya hai / darzanamohake upazamana karane vAle jITake pariNAma kaise hote haiM, usake kauna-sA yoga hotA, kauna-sA upayoga rahatA hai| kauna-sI kaSAya hotI hai aura kauna-sI lezyA, Adi bAtoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue una pariNAmavizeSoMkA vistArase varNana kiyA gayA hai| darzanamohake upazamako cAroM gatiyoMke hI jIva kara sakate haiN| para unhe saMjJI, paJcendriya aura paryAptaka honA caahie| isa adhikArake antameM prathamopazama-samyaktvIke viziSTa kAryoM aura avasthAoMkA varNana bhI AyA hai| 11. darzanamokSapaNA adhikAra-darzanamohakI upazama avasthA antamahata taka hI rahatI hai| isake pazcAt vaha samApta ho jAtI hai| aura jIva punaH Atmadarzanase vaMcita ho jAtA hai / AtmasAkSAtkAra sarvadA banA rahe, isake lie darzana proDakA kSaya Avazyaka hai| isake liye uina pramukha bAtoMko AvazyakatA hotI hai una sabakA vivecana isa adhikArameM kiyA gayA hai / darzanamohake kSayakA prArambha karmabhUmimeM utpanna manuSya hI kara sakatA hai aura isakI pUrNatA cAroM gatiyoM meM kI jA sakatI hai / darzanamohake kSapaNakA kAla antarmuharta hai| isa kSapaNakriyAke samApta honeke pUrva ho yadi usa manuSyako mRtyu ho jAya to vaha apanI Ayubandhake anusAra yathAsaMbhava cAroM hI gatiyoMmeM utpanna ho sakatA hai| darzanamohake kSapaNakA prArambha karane vAlA manuSya adhikase-adhika tIna bhava aura dhAraNa karake muktilAbha karatA hai / isa adhikArameM darzanamohaka kSapaNa kI prakriyA aura tatsambandhI sAdhana-sAmagrIkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 12, saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi adhikAra-AtmasvarUpakA sAkSAtkAra hote hI jIva mithyAtvarUpa paMkase nikalakara nirmala sarovarameM snAna kara AnandameM nimagna ho jAtA hai / usako vicAradhArA sAMsArika viSayavAsanAse dura ho saMyamAsaMyamakI prAptikI ora agrasara hotI hai| zAstrIya paribhASAke anusAra apratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAyake udayake abhAvase dezasaMyamako prApta karane vAle jIvake jo vizuddha pariNAma hote haiM use saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi kahate haiN| isake nimittase joba zrAvakake vratoMko dhAraNa karane meM samartha hotA hai| isa adhikAramai saMyamAsaMyamalabdhike liye Avazyaka sAdhana-sAmagriyoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA hai| 13. saMyamalabdhi adhikAra-pratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAyake abhAva honepara AtmAmeM saMyamalabdhi prakaTa hotI hai, jisake dvArA AtmAko pravRtti hiMsAdi 40 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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pA~ca pApoMse dUra hokara ahiMsAdi mahAvatoMke dhAraNa aura pAlanako hotI hai / saMyamAsaMyama adhikArakI gAthA hI isa adhikArako gAthA hai / saMyamake prApta kara lenepara bhI kaSAyake udayAnusAra jo pariNAmoMkA utAra-car3hAva hotA hai usakA prarUpaNa alpabahutva Adi bhedoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai | isa labdhikA varNana cUNisUtrakArane adhaHkaraNa aura apUrvakaraNake vivecana dvArA kiyA hai, jo adhyAtmapremI upazamasamyaktvake sAtha saMghamAsaMyama dhAraNa karate haiM unake tInoM karaNa hote haiM, para jo vedakasamyakadRSTi saMyamAsaMyamako dhAraNa karate haiM unake do hI karaNa hote haiN| saMyamako dhAraNa karaneke liye Avazyaka sAmagrIkA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| 14. cAritramohopazamanAdhikAra-isa adhikArameM prathama ATha gAthAeM AtI haiM / pahalI gAthAke dvArA upazamanA kitane prakArako hotI hai, kisa-kisa karmakA upazama hotA hai Adi prazna kiye gaye haiN| dUsarI gAthAke dvArA niruddha cAritramohaprakRtiko sthiti ke kitane bhAgakA upazama karatA hai, kitane bhAgakA saMkramaNa karatA hai aura kitane bhAgakA udIraNA karatA hai ityAdi praznoMkI avatAraNA kI gayI hai| tIsarI gAthAke dvArA cAritramohanIyakA upazama kisane kAlameM kiyA jAtA hai uso upazamita prakRtiko udoraNA-saMkramaNa kitane kAla taka karatA hai ityAdi prazna kiye gaye haiN| cauthI gAthAke dvArA ATha karaNoMmese upazAmakake kaba, kisa karaNase vyachitti hotI hai yA nahIM ityAdi praznoMkA avatAra kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra cAra gAthAoMke dvArA upazAmakake aura zeSa cAra gAthAoMke dvArA upazAmakake patanake sambandhameM prazna kiye gaye haiN| 15. cAritramohakSapaNAdhikAra-yaha antima adhikAra bahuta vistRta hai / isameM cAritramohanIyakarmake kSayakA varNana vistArase kiyA hai / yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki cAritramohanIyakA kSaya adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikarapake binA saMbhava nahIM hai / isa adhikArameM 28 mUlagAthAeM haiM aura 86 bhASyagAthAeM haiN| isa prakAra kula 114 gAthAoMmeM yaha adhikAra vyApta hai| inameMse cAra sUtragAthAeM adhaHpravRttikaraNake antima samayase pratibaddha haiM 1 inake AdhArapara cUNisUtroM aura jayaSavalAmeM yoga aura kaSAyoMko uttarottara vizuddhikA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki cAritramohanIyakarmako prakRtiyoMkA kSaya kisa kramase hotA hai aura kisa-kisa prakRtike kSaya honepara kahA~para kitanA sthitibandha aura sthitisattva rahatA hai ityAdi bAtoMkA varNana isa adhikArameM AyA hai / dhyAna aura kaSAyakSayako prakriyA bhI isa adhikArameM varNita hai| zruvaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 41

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guNadharakI racanA-zakti aura pratibhA -- hAyapAhukA vizvAcAryako kara mahAvIrakI ArAtIyaparamparAse prApta huA hai| vIrasenAcAryane jayaghavalA TIkA meM likhA hai| "edamhAdo viulagirimatthayatthavaDhamANadivAya rAdo viNigyamiya godamalohajja - jaMbusAmiyAdi AiriyaparaMparAe AgaMtUNa guNaharAiriyaM pAviya gAhAsaveNa pariNamiya" arthAt vipulAcalake zikharapara virAjamAna vardhamAna divAkarase prakaTa hokara gautama, lohAcArya, jambUsvAmI AdikI AcArya paramparAse Akara guNadharako 'kammaparyAspAhuDa' kA jJAna prApta huA aura unhoMne gAthArUpameM isa jJAnakA pratipAdana kiyA | spaSTa hai ki AcArya guNadharako kevaliyoMkI paramparAse jJAna prApta huA thA / AcArya guNadhara sUtraracanAzailI ke prakANDa vidvAn haiM / ghavalATIkAmeM AcArya vIrasenane unheM vAcaka kahA hai aura vAcakakA artha pUrvavid liyA hai / ataeva inakI racanA-pratibhA maMjula arthako saMkSepameM prastuta karanekI thI | vastutaH mAcArya guNadhara kammapathaDipAhuDa' ke jJAtA honeke sAtha hI atyanta pratibhAzAlI aura viSaryAvazeSajJa vidvAn the / inake kasAyapAhuDakI pratyeka gAthAke eka-eka padako lekara eka-eka adhikArakA racA jAnA tathA tIna gAthAoMkA pA~ca adhikAroM meM nibaddha honA hI inakI pratibhA kI gaMbhIratA aura anantaarthaMga bhitAkI abhivyaktiko sUcita karatA hai| vedaka adhikArakI 'jo jaM saMkAmedi ya' (gAthAGka 62) gAthAke dvArA cAroM prakArake bandha, cAroM prakAra ke saMkra maNa, cAroM prakAra ke udaya, cAroM prakArako udIraNA aura cAroM prakArake sattvasambandhI alpabahutvakI sUcanA nizcayataH usake gAmbhIrya aura anantArthagabhisvakI sAkSI hai / arthabahulatAko dRSTise guNadharakI zailI atyanta gaMbhIra hai| guNadharake isa granthapara yadi cUrNasUtra na likhe jAte to unakA arthaM pazcAdvartI vyaktiyoMke liye durbodha ho jAtA / AcArya zivazake 'kammaparyADa' aura 'sataka' nAmaka do grantha Aja upalabdha haiM / ina donoM granthoMkA udgama sthAna 'mahAkammaparyADapAhuDa' hai / 'kammaparyADa' ke sAtha jaba hama guNadharake 'kaSAyapAhuDa' kI tulanA karate haiM to hameM ina donoM meM maulika antara pratIta hotA hai / kammarayaDimeM mahAkammapayaDipAhuDake caubIsa anuyogadvAroMkA samAveza nahIM hai / kintu bandhana, udaya aura saMkramagAdi kucha anuyogadvAra hI prApta haiM / guNadharane apane 'kaSAyapAhuDa' meM samasta 'pejjadoSapAhuDa' kA upasaMhAra kiyA hai / ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki 'kammapaya Di' kI racanA zivazarmane guNadharake pazcAt hI kI hai / 'kammaparyADa' aura 'saptaka' ina donoM granthoM ke anta meM apanI alpajJanA prakaTa karate hue zivazane dRSTivAdake jJAtA AcAryoM se use zuddha kara lenekI prArthanA kI hai| 42 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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vastuta: 'kammapayaDi' eka saMgraha anya hai kyoMki usameM vibhinna sthAnoMpara AI huI prAcIna gAthAeM dRSTigocara hotI haiM / kammapaDikI caNimeM usake kani use 'kammapaDisaMgrahiNI' nAma diyA hai / isI prakAra 'sasaka' cUNimeM bhI use saMgraha-grantha kahA hai / guNadharakI yaha racanA maulika hai tathA karma-siddhAntako bojarUpameM prastuta karatI hai / kaSAyapAhuDa kammapaDise pUrvavartI hai / kammaparyADake saMkramakaraNameM kaSAyapAhar3ake saMkramaarthAdhikArakI 13 gAthAe~ sAdhAraNa pAThabhedake sAtha anukramase jyoM-kI-tyoM upalabdha hotI haiM / isI prakAra kammapayaDike upazamakaraNameM kaSAyapAhuDake darzanamohopazamanA arthAdhikArako cAra gAthAeM kucha pAThabhedake sAtha pAyI jAtI haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya guNadhara kevalI aura zrutakevaliyoMke anansara pahale pUrvavid haiM, jinhoMne 'mahAkammapaDipAhaDa'kA saMkSepameM upasaMhAra kiyA / mahAn arthako alpAkSaroM meM nibaddha karanekI pratibhA unameM vidyamAna thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki kasAyapAhuDakA uttarakAlIna sabhI vAGmayapara prabhAva hai| AcArya dharasena dhavalAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki chapakhaMDAgama viSayake jJAtA AcArya dharasena the / saurASTra dezake girinagara nAmake nagarako candraguphAmeM rahane vAle aSTAMgamahAnimitta ke pAragAmI, pravacanavatsala aura aGgazrutake vicchedakI AzaMkAse bhIta dharasenAcAryane kisI dharmotsava Adike nimittase mahimAnAmako nagarImeM sammilita hue dakSiNApathake AcAryo ke pAsa eka patra likhA / isa patrameM unhoMne yaha icchA vyakta kI ki yogya ziSya unake pAsa Akara SaTkhaNDAgamakA adhyayana kreN| dakSiNa dezake AcAryoM ne zAstrake arthagrahaNa aura dhAraNameM samartha deza, kula, zola, aura jAtise uttama, samasta kalAoM meM pAraMgata do AcAryoMko veNA nadIke taTase Andhradezase bhejA / ina donoMne vahAM pahuMcakara AcArya dharasenakI tIna pradakSiNAeM doM aura unake caraNoM meM baiThakara savinaya namaskAra kiyA / AcArya dharasenane una donoM yogya ziSyoMkI parIkSA lI aura parIkSAmeM uttIrNa honeke pazcAt unheM siddhAntakI zikSA dii| ye donoM muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabali nAmake the / yaha zikSA ASADha zuklA ekAdazIko jyoM hI pUrNa huI, varSA kAlake samIpa A jAnese usI dina apane pAsase dharasenane unheM vidA kara diyaa| donoM ziSyoM ne guruko AjJA anullaMdhanIya mAnakara usakA pAlana kiyA aura vahA~se calakara aMkalezvarameM cAturmAsa kiyA / indranandikRta zrutAvatAra aura vibudha zrIdharakRta zrutAvatArameM likhA hai ki zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 43

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dharasenAcAyako jJAta huA ki unako mRtyu nikaTa hai| ataeva inheM usa kAraNa kleza na ho, isa lie unhoMne una muniyoMko tatkAla apane pAsase vidA kara diyaa| "Atmano nikaTamaraNa jJAtvA dharasena etayormA klezo bhavatu iti matyA tanmunivisarjanaM krissyti|"" ___saMbhava hai ki bhUtabAla aura puSpadantake vahA~ rahanese AcAryake dhyAna aura tapameM vighna hotA aura vizeSataH usa sthitimeM jabaki ve zrutarakSAkA apanA kartavya pUrA kara cuke the | AcArya dharasenakI yaha icchA rahI hogI ki unake yogya ziSya yahA~se jAkara zrutakA pracAra kreN| jo bhI ho, dhavalAmeM AcArya vIrasenane parasenakA saMkSipta paricaya ukta prakArase prastuta kiyA hai| dhavalATIkAsera AnAyaM dharasenake guruke nAmakA patA nahIM calatA / indranandike zrutAvatArameM lohArya takako guruparaMparAka pazcAt vinayadatta, zrIdatta, zivadatta aura arhaddatta ina cAra AcAryokA ullekha AyA hai / ye sabhI AcArya aMgoM aura pUrvoke ekadezajJAtA the| tadanantara arhadabalikA ullekha AtA hai| ye bar3e bhArI saMghanAyaka the aura inhoMne saMghoMkI sthApanA kI thii| ahaMdubalike pazcAt zrutAvatArameM mAghanandikA nAma AyA hai| ina mAdhanandike pazcAt hI gharasenake nAmakA ullekha AyA hai / isa prakAra zrutAvatArameM arhadbali, mAghanandi aura dharasena ina tIna AcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai / ina tInoMkA parasparameM guruziSya sambandha thA yA nahIM, isakA nirdeza indranandine nahIM kiyA hai| nandisaMghako prAkRtapaTTAvalose yaha avagata hotA hai ki arhadali, mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtabali eka dUsareke uttarAdhikArI haiN| ataeva dharasenake dAdAguru arhabali aura guru mAghanandi saMbhava haiN| nandisaMghakI saMskRta 1. sitA tasArAdisaMgraha, dhUtAvatAra, granthAMka 21, pRSTha 316. 2. teNa vi soraTTha-visaya-giriNayara-paTTaNa-caMdaguhA-ThieNa maTuMgA-mahANimitta pAraeNa gaMtha-vocchedo hohadi tti jAda-bhaeNa parayaNa-macchaleNa dakSiNAvahAhariyANaM mahimAe miliyAgaM leho pesiyo 'suTTa bhaI' ti bhaNiUNa gharasaiga-bhAraega do vi AsAsidA / tavo citirda bhayavazA...."puNo sadivase ceva pesidA saMto 'guruvapaNabhalaMNijja' havi miktikaNAgadehi aMkulesare barisAvAso ko " -SaTkhaNDAgama, prathama pustaka, pR0 67-71. 44 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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gurvAvalimeM mAghanandikA nAma AyA hai / gurvAvaloke' ArambhameM bhadrabAhu aura unake ziSya guptiguptakI vandanA kI gayI hai, kintu unake nAmake sAtha saMgha AdikA nirdeza nahIM hai / vandanAke anantara mUlasaMghameM bhandisaMgha-balAtkAragaNake utpanna honeke sAtha hI mAghanandikA nAma AyA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki saMghabhedavyavasthApaka arhadbaline inheM hI nandisaMghakA agraNI banAyA ho| mAghanandike nAmake sAtha nandipava bhI nandisaMghakA dyotaka hai / gurvAdhalI meM dharasenakA nirdeza nahIM hai / ataH isa gurvAvalike AdhArapara yaha nizcitarUpase nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharasenake guru mAghanandi the / yaha satya hai ki dharasena vidyAnurAgI the aura zAstrAbhyAsameM saMlagna rahane ke kAraNa saMghakA nAyakatva mAghanandike anya ziSya jinacandrapara par3A ho / gharasenane puSpadanta aura bhUtabaliko siddhAnta-AgamakA adhyayana karAkara apanI eka nayI paramparA sthApita kI ho / mAghanandikA nirdeza jaMbudIvapaNNattImeM bhI pAyA jAsA hai| gayarAyadosamoho sudasAyarapArao maipagambho / / tavasaMjamasaMpaNNo vikkhAo mAdhaNaMdigurU // 154 / / tasseva ya varasisso nimmalavaraNANacaraNasaMjutto / samma saNasuddho siriNaMdigurU tti vikkhAo / / 156 // uparyukta gurvAvalI aura prazastise dhvanita hotA hai ki dharasenake guru saMbhavataH mAghanandi the / ina mAghanandike sambandhameM eka kiMvadaMtI mI prasiddha hai, jisameM unheM zrutakA vizeSajJa tathA kisI kAraNavaza caritraskhalanake pazcAt punaH dIkSita honekA nirdeza kiyA hai| astu, prAkRtapaTTAvalI evaM indranandike zrutAvattArake AdhArapara dharasenAcAryake guru mAghanandi aura dArA guru ahaMdvali hone caahie| samaya-nirNaya nandisaMghako prAkRtapaTTAvalIke anusAra AcArya dharasenakA samaya vIra nirvANa saM0 614ke pazcAt AtA hai / dharasenake eka 'joNipAhuDa' granyakA ullekha bRTippaNi nAmaka sUcImeM AyA hai| isa granthakA nirmANa vIra nika 1. zrImAnazeSanaranAyakavanditAniH zrIguptigupta iti vizra tanAmadheyaH / yo bhadrabAhamunipuMgavapaTTapAsUryaH sa tro dizatu nirmalasaMghavRSTim / / 1 / / zrImUlasaMjani mandisaMghaH asminbalAtkAragaNo'stiramyaH / tatrAbhavat pUrvapadAMzavedI nomASanando'maradevabaMdha: / / 2 / / -jana siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR0 51. 2. jamba dIvapaNattI 131154, 156 / 3. yoniprAbhRtaM vorAt 600 ghArasenam, jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka 1,2 (pariziSTa) zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 45

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saM0 600 ke pazcAt huA mAnA gayA hai| isI granthakI eka pANDulipi bhaNDArakara oriyanTala risarca insTITyUTa pUnAmeM hai / isa pratimeM granthakA nAma to 'yoniprAbhRta' hI likhA hai, kintu kartAkA nAma 'paNhasavaNa' muni batAyA hai / ina mahAmunine kusumANDinI devIse isa grantha ke jJAnako prApta kiyA thA / aura use apane ziSya puSpadanta evaM bhUtabalike lie likhA thA / isa kathanase granthake dharasena racita honekI sambhAvanA vyakta hotI hai / prajJAzramaNatva eka RddhikA nAma hai / sambhavatayA dharasenAcArya isa Rddhike dhArI the / ataeva unheM prajJAzramaNa kahA gayA hai / SaTkhaNDAgamameM prazAzramaNoMko namaskAra kiyA gayA haizam paNNasamaNANaM " prajJA cAra prakArakI hotI hai- (1) autpattikI, (2) vainayikI, (3) karmajA aura (4) paarinnaamikii| inameM pUrvajanmasambadhI cAra prakArakI nirmalabuddhike balase vinayapUrvaka bAraha aMgoMkA avadhAraNa kara jo prathamataH devagatimeM aura tatpazcAt avinaSTa saMskAra ke sAtha manuSyoM meM utpanna hote haiM unake autpattikI prajJA kahI hai| prajJAkA ukta saMskAra avaziSTa rahaneke kAraNa caudaha pUrvI kA uttara dene meM ve samartha rahate haiN| vinayapUrvaka dvAdaza aMgoMke adhyayanase jo buddhi utpanna hotI hai vaha vainayikI prajJA hai / gurUpadeza ke binA tapazcaraNake prabhAvase utpanna hone vAlI prajJA karmajA kahalAtI hai / isa prakArakI prajJA moSadhasevana se bhI utpanna hotI hai / jAtivizeSase utpanna buddhi pAriNAmiko kahalAtI hai / dharasenako prajJAzramaNakA pUrvIzAna thaa| ataH 'yoniprAbhRta' grantha dharasenAcArya dvArA racita ho, to koI Azcarya nahIM / isa AdhArapara inakA samaya bIra- nirvANasaMvat 600 saMbhava hai / prAkRtapaTTAvaloke anusAra vIra-nirvANa-saMvat 614-- 683ke bIca dharasenakA samaya honA caahie| paTTAvalI meM gharasenakA AcArya kAla 19 varSa battalAyA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki vIra nirvANa saMvat 633 taka dharasena jIvita rahe haiM aura vIra-nirvANa saMvat 630 yA 631 meM puSpadanta aura bhUtabaliko zrutakA adhyayana karAyA hai| isa AdhArapara dharasenakA samaya I0 san 73-106 I0 taka AtA hai / ahivalli mAghanaMdi ya gharaseNaM puSkayaMta bhUdabalI / aDavorsa igavIsa ugaNIsaM tIsa vIsa bAsa puNo // 2 arthAt arhadbala, mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtabalikA AcArya 1. paTkhaNDA, vedanAkhaNDa 4 / 1 / 18 2. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga-1, kiraNa-4, 073 padya - 16 46 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA * L

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kAla kramazaH 28varSa, 21vaSaM, 19 vaSa, 30 varSa aura 20 varSa hai / isa ullekhase dharasenakA samaya spaSTataH I. sankI prathama zatAbdI hai| DA0 hIrAlAlajI jaina, siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandrajI zAstrI, paM0 horAlAlajI siddhAntazAstrI Adi bhI gharasenakA prAyaH mahI samaya mAnate haiN| eka anya abhilekhIya pramANase bhI parasenake samayapara prakAza par3atA hai | upalabdha purAtattvake AdhArapara kahA jAtA hai ki AcArya dharasena girinagarako jisa guphAmeM rahate the vaha guphA bAbA pyArA maThake nikaTa honI caahie| isa guphAmeM svastika, bhadrAsana, nandipada, mInayugala aura kalazake cihna khude hue haiM / eka zilAlekha bhI yahA~ prApta huA hai, jisameM kSatrapa nareza caSTaNa aura jayadAmanake atirikta girinagarameM devAsura, nAga, yakSa, rAkSasa, kevalajJAna, jarAmaraNa, caitrazukla paJcamI ye saba zabda bhI par3he jAte haiM / bIca-bIca meM abhilekhake khaNDita honeke kAraNa samasta lekhakA sAra bAta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jo zabdAvalI par3hI jA sakatI hai usameM ukta kSatrapa rAjavaMzake kAlameM kisI bar3e jJAnI jaina munike dehatyAgakA vRttAnta pratIta hotA hai| abhilekhameM tithikA nirdeza nahIM hai, para kSatrapa kAlIna rAjavaMzake sAtha sambandha rahanese zakakI prathama zatAbdI honA cAhie / DA. jyotiprasAdajIne likhA hai "The Junagarh Jaina stone inscription, originally discovered in That very Candragupha of giripagar which tradition makes the abode of Dhiarsena, throws intercsting light on the lower limit of the date of these redactors of the canon. The inscription is uudated, but us author is mentioned as the great grandson tof Castana, the grandson of Jayadaman and the son of................... how could the traditon take such a legendary character" __ arthAt isa zilAlekhake AdhArapara dharasenakA samaya I0 sat 150ke pUrva honA cAhiye / yataH jayadAmanake putra rudradAmanakA suprasiddha saMskRta-lekha giranArakI aitihAsika zilApara khudA huA zaka saM072kA hai / ataeva yaha prAyaH saMbhava hai ki ukta abhilekha gharasenake samAdhimaraNako smRtimeM uskIrNa kiyA gayA ho| 1. The Jaina sources of the History of Ancient India page 112. zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 47

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isa prakAra abhilekhAya pramANake AdhArapara dharasenakA samaya I. sankI prathama zatAbdI AtA hai / AcArya dharasena apane samayake zrutajJa vidvAn the| prAkRta paTTAvalI aura indranandike zralAvatArake AdhArapara bhI dharasenakA samaya vora ni0 saM0600 arthAt I0 san 73ke lagabhaga AtA hai / dharasenakA pANDi AcArya dharasena siddhAntazAstra ke jJAtA the| unake caraNoM meM baiThakara AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabaline karmazAstra aura siddhAntakA adhyayana kiyaa| ve saphala zikSaka aura AcArya the / AcArya bIrasenane dharasenakI vidvattA aura pANDityakA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki ve paravAdirUpoM hAthoke samUhake madakA nAza karane ke lie zreSTha siMhale samAna hai, siddhAntarUpI zrutakA pUrNatayA manthana karane vAle haiN| ataeva thatake pANDityake kAraNa ve mahanIya yazake dhAro vidvAna haiN| vIrasenane limbA hai "pasiyau maha dharaseNo para-vAi-gaoha-dANa-varasIho siddha tAmiya-sAyara-taraMga-saMghAya-dhoya-maNI' / spaSTa hai ki dharasena AcArya siddhAntaviSayaka praur3ha vidvAna the| zrutakI naSTa hotI haI paramparAko rakSA inhIMke dvArA huI hai| inake viSayameM 'SaTkhaNDAgama' TokAse jo tathya upalabdha hote haiM, unase aisA jJAta hotA hai ki gharasenAcArya mantra-tantrake bhA jJAtA the| inakA 'yoniprAbhuta' nAmaka mantrazAstrasaMbandhI koI grantha avazya rahA hai| isa yoniprAbhatakA nirdeza 'dhavalATokA meM bhI prApta hotA hai''joNipAhuDe gida-maMta-taMta-sattoA poggalANubhAgo tti dhena-tacyA' 17 ataeva 'bRhaTippaNikA' ke sAtha dhanalATokAmeM bhI 'yoniprAbhUta'kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / isa AlokameM dharasenaracita yoniprAmRta' prathapara avizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / dhavalATokAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki puSpadanta aura bhUtavaliko buddhi-parIkSAke hetu dharasenAcArya ne do mantra diye the| unameM eka mantra adhika akSara vAlA thA aura dasarA hInAkSa ra thaa| gurune do dina ke upavAsake pazcAta una mantroMko siddha karane kA Adeza diyaa| ziSya mantrasAdhanAmeM saMlagna ho gaye / jaba mantrake prabhAvase unako adhiSThAtrI deviyA~ upasthita huI to eka devIke dauta bAhara nikale hue the aura dUsarI kAnI thii| devatA vikRtAGga nahIM 1. dhavalATIkAsamanbita SaTkhaNDAgama, prathama jilda, 106 / 2. dhavalATIkA, jilda 1, prastAvanA, pR0 30, 48 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AmArya-paramparA

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hote: isa prakAra nizcaya kara una donoMne maMtrasambandhI vyAkaraNazAstrake AdhArapara una mantroMkA zodhana kiyA aura mantroMko zuddhakara punaH sAdhanAmeM saMlagna hue| ve deviyA~ punaH sundara aura saumya rUpameM prastuta huii| siddhike anansara ve donoM ziSya guruke samakSa upasthita hue 1 aura vinayapUrvaka vidyAsiddhi sambandhI samasta vRttAnta nivedita kara diyaa| garu dharasenAcArya ziSyoMke jJAna se prabhAvita hue aura unhoMne zubha tithi, zubha nakSatra aura zubha vArame siddhAntakA adhyApana prAraMbha kiyA / / dhavalagnathake isa ullekhase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki dharasenAcArya mantra-tantrake jJAtA the / attaH unakA mantrazAstrasambandhI 'yoniprAbhuta' grantha avazya rahA hai| AgamasambandhI jJAnake lie SaTkhaNDAgama grantha hI pramANa rUpa hai| isa granthakA samasta viSaya unhoMke dvArA pratipAdita hai / puSpadanta aura bhUtabaline unase hI siddhAntaviSayaka jJAna prApta kara SaTakhaNDAgamake sUtroMkI racanA kI hai| dhavalATokAse dharasenAcArya ke sambandhameM nimnalikhita jAnakArI prApta hotI hai 1. dharasena sabhI aMga aura pUrvo ke ekadeza jJAtA the| 2. aSTAMga-mahAnimittake pAragAmI the| 3. lekhanakalAmeM pravINa the| 4. mantra-tantra Adi zAstroMke vettA the| 5. mahAkammapayaDipAhuDake vettA the| 6. pravacana aura zikSaNa denekI lAmeM paTu the / 7. pravacanavatsala the| tadA tANaM teNa do vijAbho diNNAo / tattha eyA ahiya-kharA, avarA vihINa. kvasa / evAo chaTovabAseNa sAhecha si / tado te siddhavijA vijA-devadAmo pecchaMti, eyA jariyA avarayA kANiyA / eso devadANaM sahAyo pa hodi ghi citiUNa maMta-vAyaraNa-sattha-kusalehi hoNAhiya-vakharANa chahaNAvaNayaNa-vihANaM kAUNa par3hate hi do vi devadAo sahAvarUva-TThiyAo divaaoN| puNo tehi gharaseNabhayavaMtassa jahAvittaNa viNaeNa Nivedide suTu, tuTuMNa gharaseNa-bhahAraeNa soma-tihiNavatta-vAre gaMyo pArato' -SaTyANDAgamadhavalATIkA, prathama pustaka, pR. 7.1 2. jaya gharaseNaNAhI jeNa mahAkammapahipAhudaselA / buddhisireNuddhAraAM samapio puSphayaMtassa / / -dhavalA mRtaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 49

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8. praznottarazailImeM zaMkA-samAdhAnapUrvaka zikSA dene meM kuzala the| 9. mahanIya viSayako saMkSepa meM prastuta karanA bhI unheM AtA thaa| 10. AgrAyaNIyapUrvaka paJcama vastuke caturtha prAbhRtake vyAkhyAnakartA the| 11. pAThana, citana evaM ziSya-udbodhanako kalAmeM pAraMgata the / puSpabanta aura unakA racanA puSpadanta aura bhUtabalikA nAma sAtha-sAtha prApta hotA hai, para prAkRta paTTAvalI meM puSpadantako bhUtabalise jyeSTha mAnA gayA hai| dharasenake pazcAt puSpadantakA kArya-kAla 30 varSakA batAyA hai| puSpadanta aura bhUtabali donoM hI dharasenAcAryake nikaTa zrutako zikSA prApta karane gaye the 1 zikSA-samAptike pazcAt sundara dA~toMke kAraNa inakA nAma puSpadanta par3A thaa| vivadha zrIdharake zrutAvatArameM bhaviSyavANoke rUpameM jo kathA dI gaI hai usase pRSpadanta aura bhRtabalike jIvana para prakAza par3atA hai para isa zrutAvatArameM jina tathyoMkI vivecanA kI vicArapaura hai| batAyA hai-bharata kSetrake bAMmideza--brahmAdezameM vasundharA nAmakI nagarI hogI / vahA~ke rAjA naravAhana aura rAnI surUpA putra na honeke kAraNa kheda-khinna hoMge / usa samaya subuddhi nAmakA seTha unheM padmAvatIko pUjA karanekA upadeza degA / tadanusAra devIko pUjA karanepara rAjAko putralAbha hogA aura usa putrakA nAma padma rakhA jaaygaa| tadanantara rAjA sahasrakaTacaityAlayakA nirmANa karAyegA aura prativarSa yAtrA kregaa| seTha bhI rAjapAle sthAna-sthAnapara jinamandiroMkA nirmANa kraayegaa| isI samaya vasanta RtumeM samasta saMgha yahA~ ekatra hogA aura rAjA seThake sAtha jinapUjA karake ratha claavegaa| isI samaya rAjA apane mitra magadhasamrATako munIndra haA dekha subuddhi seThake sAtha virakta ho digambarI dokSA dhAraNa kregaa| isI samaya eka lekhavAhaka vahA~ aayegaa| baha jinadevako namaskAra kara muniyoMkI tathA parokSama dharasena gurukI vandanA kara lekha samarpita karegA / ve muni use bAceMge ki girinagarake samIpa guphAvAsI dharasena munIzvara AnAyaNIya pUrvakI paJcamavastuke cauthe prAbhRtazAstrakA vyAkhyAna AraMbha karane vAle haiN| dharasena bhaTTAraka kucha dinoM meM naravAhana aura subuddhi nAmake muniyoMko paThana, zravaNa aura cintana karAkara AsAr3ha zuklA ekAdazIko zAstra samApta kreNge| unameMse ekakI bhUta rAtriko balividhi kareMge aura dUsareke cAra dAMtoMko sundara banA deMge / ataeva bhUta-balike prabhAvase naravAhana munikA nAma bhUtabali aura cAra dA~ta samAna ho jAnero mubuddhimunikA nAma puSpadanta hogaa| 1. zrutAvatAra, mANikanandra di0 jaina granthamAlA, granthAGka 21, siddhAntasArAdisaMgraha pR0 318-317 50 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AmArga

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isa AkhyAnameM anya kucha tathya ho yA na ho, para itanA yathArtha hai ki puSpadantakA prAraMbhika nAma kucha aura rahA hogaa| pavalATokAmeM bhI puSpadantake nAmakA ullekha karate hue likhA hai-- "avarassa vi bhUdehi pUjidassa atyaviyattha-TThiya-daMta-paMtimosAriya mUdehi samIkaya-daMsassa 'puSphayaMto' ti NAma kayaM / " ___ arthAt devoMne pUjA kara jinako astavyasta daMtapaMkiko dUra kara sundara banA diyA unako dharasena bhaTTArakane puSpadanta saMjhA kI / spaSTa hai ki puSpadanta yaha AraMbhika nAma nahIM hai / gurune yaha nAmada kiyA hai : ikSa para zinako sAdhuoMke AnekA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unake AraMbhika nAmoMkA kathana nahIM AyA hai / yaha satya hai ki puSpadanta bhI bhUta balike samAna hI pratibhAzAlI aura grantha-nirmANameM paTu haiN| indra nandine apane zrutAvatArameM likhA hai ki varSAvAsa samApta kara puSpadanta aura bhUtabali donoMne hI dakSiNakI ora vihAra kiyaa| aura donoM karahATakara phuNce| vahA~ unameMse puSpadanta munine apane bhAnaje jinapAlitase bheMTa kI aura use dIkSA dekara apane sAtha le vanavAsa dezako cale gaye / tathA bhUsabali draviDa dezakI madhurA nagarImeM Thahara gaye / karahATakako kucha vidvAnoMne sitArA jilekA Adhunika karahADa yA karADa aura kuchane mahArASTrakA kolhApura nagara batalAyA hai| karahATaka nagara prAcIna samayameM bahuta prasija thaa| svAmI samantabhadra bhI isa nagarameM padhAre the| zilAlekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya yaha nagara vidyA aura vIratA donoM ke lie prasiddha thaa| uparyukta carcAse eka tathya yaha prasUta hotA hai ki puSpadantake bhAnaje jina 1. SaTkhaNNAgamaSavalATIkA, prathama pustaka, pR071. 2. jagmaturatha karahATe tayoH sa yaH puSpadanta nAma maniH / jinapAlitAbhidhAnaM dRSTvA'sau bhagineyaM straM / / davA dIkSAM tasmai tena sama dezametya vanavAsam / astho bhUtabalirapi maghurAyAM dravir3adeze'sthAt / / --zrutAvatAra, padya 132-133 3. prApto'haM karahATakaM bahubhaTa vidyotkaTaM saMkaTaM / -malliSeNa-prazasti-zilAlekha 54 zloka 7 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 51

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pAlita karahATakake nivAsI the / ataH puSpadantakA bhI janmasthAna karahATake AsapAsa hI honA caahie| varasenAcAryane mahimA nagarI meM sammilita hue dakSiNApathake AcAryoMke pAsa apanA patra bhejA thA, jisake phalasvarUpa Andhra dezakI veNA nadIke taTase puSpadanta aura bhUtabala unake pAsa pahuMce the / vartamAna meM satArA jilemeM veSyA nAmakI nadI pravAhita hotI hai aura usI jilemeM mahimAnagar3ha nAmaka grAma bhI hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki yaha grAma hI prAcIna mahimA nagarI rahA ho / ataeva satArA jilekA karahADa hI karahATaka ho to isameM koI Azcarya nahIM hai / vanavAsa deza uttara karNATakakA prAcIna nAma hai| yahA~ kadambavaMzake rAjAoMkI rAjadhAnI thii| isa banavAsa dezameM hI AcArya puSpadantane jinapAlitako par3hAne ke lie 'bIsadi' sUtroM kI racanA kii| aura ina sUtroMko bhUtabali ke pAsa bhejA / bhUtabaline una sUtroMkA avalokana kiyA aura yaha jAnakara ki puSpadanta AcAryakI alyA avaziSTa hai. attaH mahAkarma prakRtiprAbhRtakA viccheda na ho jAya, isa bhayase unhoMne dravyapramANAnugamako Adi lekara grantharacanA kI / ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki SaTkhaNDAgamasiddhAntakA prAraMbhika bhAga vanavAsa dezameM racA gayA aura zeSa grantha dravir3a dezameM / samaya-nirdhAraNa yaha hama pahale hI likha cuke haiM ki puSpadanta bhUtabalise Ayu meM jyeS' the / AcArya vIrasenane maMgalAcaraNa- saMdarbha meM bhUtabalise pUrva puSpadantakA stavana kiyA hai| likhA hai--- paNamAmi pupphayaMtaM duSNasaMdhayAra-ravi / bhagga - siva- magga-kaMTayamisi samii vaI sathA daMtaM // 1 arthAt jo pApoMkA anta karane vAle haiM, kunayarUpa aMdhakArake nAza karaneke liye sUrya tulya hai, jinhoMne mokSamArga ke vighnoM ko naSTa kara diyA hai, jo RSiyoMkI samiti arthAt sabhAke adhipati haiM aura jo nirantara paJcendriyoMkA damana karane vAle haiM aise puSpadanta AcAryako maiM praNAma karatA hU~ / uparyukta uddharaNa meM 'isi samiha vaI' vicAraNIya hai| isa padakA artha yaha hai ki puSpadanta apane samayake AcAryoM meM atyanta mAnya the aura isIliye ve munisamiti sabhApati kahalAte the / nadisaMghakI prAkRta - paTTAvalIke anusAra puSpadanta bhUtabalise pUrvavartI haiM / 1. SaTkhaNDAgamaghava lATIkA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 7, maMgala-gAthA 5 / 52 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI mAcArya paramparA

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isake anusAra inakA samaya bIra ni0 saM0 633ke' pazcAt I. san prathamadvitIya zatAbdIke lagabhaga honA cAhie / DA. jyotiprasAda jainane puSpadantakA samaya I0 san 50-80 mAnA hai| rakhamAzakti aura pratibhA ghabalAmeM AcArya vorasenane batalAyA hai ki bIsa prakArako prarUpaNAeM sUtroMke dvArA kI gayI haiM / ataH puSpadantAcAryane jo 'bisadisutaM' kahA hai usakA abhiprAya satAko sUtroMge bhAganora kIpara va gAoM savArI hai / SavalAkArane satprarUpaNAke sUtroMko vyAkhyA samApta karaneke pazcAt likhA hai ki satsUtroMkA vivaraNa samApta ho Aneke anantara unako prarUpaNA kreNge| isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya puSpadantane satsUtroMko hI racanA ko hai; usako prarUpaNAkA kathana nahIM kiyaa| yadyapi unhoMne anuyogadvArakA nAma "saMtapasvaNA" ho rakhA hai| aisI sthitimeM puSpadantAcAryake dvArA race gaye sUtroMko 'saMtasutsa' kahanA adhika ucita thA; para isa zabdakA prayoga na kara 'bIsadisusa' kyoM kahA, isa sambandhameM koI santoSajanaka samAdhAna prApta nahIM hotA hai| indranandine likhA hai ki puSpadantane sau sUtroMko par3hAkara jinapAlitako bhUtabalike pAsa bhejA; kintu satprarUpaNAke sUtroMkI saMkhyA 177 hai| asaH unakA yaha kathana bhI satarka pratIta nahIM hotaa| yaha satya hai ki satprarUpaNAke 177 satra puSpadantAcArya dvArA race gaye haiN| ataH utthAnikAmeM ghabalAkArane puSpadantakA hI nAmollekha kiyA hai| isa granthako rUparekhAkA nirmANa puSpadantake dvArA hI humA hogaa| yattaH grantha-nirmANakA AraMbha puSpadantane kiyA hai| inhoMne caudaha jIvasamAsoM aura guNasthAnoMke nirUpaNake liye ATha anuyogadvAroMko hI jAnane yogya batalAyA hai| ye ATha anuyogadvAra hai-1. saMtaparUvaNA, 2. dravyapramANAnugama, 3. kSetrAnugama, 4. sparzAnugama, 5. kAlAnugama, 6.antarAnugama,7. bhAvAnugama, aura 1. prAkRta-paTTAvalImeM bharhata likA kAla 28 varSa, mAghanamdikA 21 varSa, parasenakA 19 varSa aura puSpadantakA 30 varSa mAnA hai| isa prakAra vIra ni0 * 663 samaya AtA hai| 2. The Jaina Sources of the History of Ancient India, p. 114. 3. sUtrANi tAni zatamadhyApya tato bhUtabaliguroH pAzrvam / tadabhiprAyaM jJAtuM prasthApayadagamadeSo'pi / / -zrutAvatAra, zloka saMkhyA 136. / zrutadara aura sArasvatAcArya : 56

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8. alpabahutvAnugama / jovasthAna nAmaka prathama khaNDakeM hI ye ATha adhikAra haiM / ina adhikAroM antara jIlAnI hai| isako bhI jIvasthAnakA bhAga siddha karaneke lie dhavalAkArako zaMkA-samAdhAna karanA par3A hai aura antameM unhoMne batAyA hai ki cUlikAkA antarbhAva ATha anuyogadvAroMmeM hotA hai | ataH cUlikA jIvasthAna se bhinna nahIM hai| dhavalAkArakI isa carcAse 'yaha spaSTa hai ki puSpadanta AcArya dvArA ATha anuyogadvAroMmeM jo bAteM kathana karane se chUTa gaI thIM unase sambaddha bAtoMkA kathana cUlikA adhikArameM kiyA gayA hai| dhavalA ke adhyayanase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki cUlikA adhikAra puSpadanta dvArA racita nahIM hai / puSpadansane kevala jIvasthAna nAmaka khaNDakA ho ukta sUtroMmeM grathana kiyA hai / indranandi' ne likhA hai- 'puSpadanta munine apane bhAnaje jinapAlitako par3hAne ke lie karma prakRtiprAbhUtakAlaH khaNDoM meM upasaMhAra kiyA hai / aura jIvasthAnake prathama adhikArakI racanA kI aura use jinapAlitako par3hAkara bhUtabalikA abhiprAya avagata karaneke lie unake pAsa bhejaa| jinagAlitase satprarUpaNAke sUtroMko sunakara bhUtabaline puSpadanta gurukA dukhaNDAgama racanAkA abhiprAya jAnA / jIvasthAnake avatArakA kathana karate hue dhavalATIkAkAra AcArya vIrasenane jo vimarza prastuta kiyA hai usase AcArya puSpadantako racanAzakti, pANDitya evaM pratimA para pUrA prakAza par3atA hai| likhA hai - " dUsare AmrAyaNIya pUrvake antargata caudaha vastu-adhikAroMmeM eka cayana ladhi nAmaka pAMcavAM vastu-aghikAra hai / usameM bIsa prAbhRta haiM / unameM se caturtha prAbhRta karmaprakRti hai / usa karmaprAbhRtaprakRtike 24 arthAdhikAra haiM / unameM chaThA adhikAra bandhana nAmaka hai / isa adhikArake bhI cAra bheda haiM 1. bandha, 2. bandhaka, 3 . bandhanIya aura 4. banvavidhAna | inameM se bandhaka adhikArake gyAraha anuyogadvAra haiN| unameM paJcama anuyogadvAra dravyapramANAnugama hai / isa jIvasthAna nAmaka khaNDameM jo dravyapramANAnugama nAmaka adhikAra hai vaha isAM bandhaka nAmaka adhikArase nissRta hai / bandhavidhAnake bhI cAra bheda haiMprakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha aura pradezabandha / ina cAroM bandhoMmeMse prakRtibandhake do bheda haiM- mUlaprakRtibandha aura uttaraprakRtibandha | uttara1. atha puSpadanta munirapyadhyApayituM svabhAgineyaM tam / karmaprakRtiprabhUtamupasaMhAryena bhiriha khaNDa || - zrutAvatAra zlokasaMkhyA 134 / 54 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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bandhake do bheda haiM--ekaikottara prakRtibandha aura avvogAr3hottaraprakRtibandha / ekakottaraprakRtibandhake 24 anuyogadvAra haiN| unamese jo samutkIrtana nAmaka adhikAra hai usameMse prakRtisamutkIrtana, sthAna-samutkIrtana aura tIna mahAdaMDaka nissRta haiN| teIsaveM bhAvAnugamase bhAvAnugama nikalA hai| anvIgAr3ha uttaraprakRtivandhake dA bheda haiM-bhujagArabandha aura prakRtisthAnabandha / prakRtisthAnabandhake ATha anuyogadvAra haiM-satprarUpaNA, dravyapramANAnugama, kSetrAnugama, sparzAnugama, kAlAnugama, antarAnugama, bhAvAnugama aura alpabahutvAnugama / ina ATha anuyogadvAroM se cha: anuyoga-dvAra nikale haiM-satprarUpaNA,kSetraprarUpaNA, sparzanaprarUpaNA, antaraprarUpaNA aura alpabahutvaprarUpaNA | ye cha: aura bandhaka adhikArake gyAraha adhikAroMmeMse nissuta dravyapramANAnugama tathA teIsaveM adhikArase nissRta bhAvAnugama ye saba milakara jIvasthAnake ATha anuyogadvAra haiN| isa vivecanase jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya puSpadantane 'ettA' ityAdi sUtra ukta AdhArako grahaNa kara hI kahA hai| ukta samasta vimarzake adhyayanase nimnalikhita niSkarSa upasthita hote haiM1. SaTkhaMDAgamakA AraMbha AcArya puSpadantane kiyA hai| 2. satprarUpaNAke sUtroMke sAtha unhoMne SakhaMDAgamakI koI rUparekhA bhI bhUta balike nikaTa pahuMcAyo hogii| 3. puSpadantane apanI racanA jinapAlitako par3hAyI aura tadanantara apaneko alpAyu samajhakara gurubhAI bhUtabaliko avaziSTa kAryako pUrNa karaneke liye prerita kiyA hogaa| 4. puSpadanta mahAkarmaprakRtimAbhRtake acche jJAtA evaM usake vyAkhyAtAke rUpa meM prasiddha rahe haiN| yapi sUtroMke racayitAoMkA nAma nahIM milatA hai; para dhavalATIkAke AdhArapara satprarUpaNAke sUtroMke racayitA puSpa danta hai| 5. puSpadantane anuyogadvAra aura prarUpaNAoMke vistArako anubhava kara hI sUtroMkI racanA prArambha ko hogii| bhUtabali aura unakI racanA __ puSpadantake nAmake sAtha bhUtabalikA bhI nAma AtA hai| donoMne eka sAtha 1. eto imesi poisaNhaM jIvasamAsANaM maggaNadAe tatya imANi coDsa va TAgANi __NAyavyANi bhavati |-ptts0 102 2. SaTsaNDAgama, SaSakATIkA, prathama pustaka, pR0 123-130 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 55

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dharasenAcAryase siddhAnta-viSayakA adhyayana kiyA thaa| bhUtabaline aMkulezvarameM cAturmAsa samAna kara dravir3a dezameM jAkara zrutakA nirmANa kiyA / dhavalATIkAmeM AcArya vIrasenane puSpadantake pazcAt bhUsabaliko namaskAra kiyA hai| paNamaha kaya-bhUya-bali bhUyabali kesa-vAsa-paribhUya-bali / viNihaya-bammaha-pasaraM vaDaDhAviya-vimala-gANa-bammaha-pasaraM / ' arthAt jo bhUta-prANImAtrake dvArA pUje gaye haiM athavA bhUta nAmaka vyantara jAtike devoM dvArA pUjita haiM; jinhoMne apane kezapAza arthAt sundara bAloMse balijarA Adise utpanna hone vAlI zithilatAko paribhata-tiraskRta kara diyA hai| jinhoMne kAmadevake prasArako naSTa kara diyA hai aura nirmala jJAnake dvArA brahmacaryako vRddhiMgata kara liyA hai una bhUtabali nAmaka AcAryako praNAma kro| uparyukta gAthAmeM bhUtabalike zArIrika aura Atmika tejakA varNana kiyA hai / bhUtabaliko Antarika UrjA itanI bar3hI haI thI, jisase brahmacaryajanya sabhI upalabdhiyAM unheM hastaMgata ho gaI thIM / Rddhi aura tapasyAke kAraNa prANImAtra unako pUjApratiSThA karatA thaa| isa prakAra AcArya vIrasenane AcArya bhUtabalIke vyaktitvakI eka spaSTa rekhA aMkita kI hai| saumya AkRtike sAtha bhUtabalike keza atyanta saMyata aura sundara the / kezoMkI kRSNatA aura snigdhatAke kAraNa ve yuvA hI pratIta hote the| ___ zravaNabelagolake eka zilAlekha me puSpadantake sAtha bhUtabaliko bhI ahaMdbalikA ziSya kahA hai| isa kathanase aisA jJAta hotA hai ki bhUtalake dokSAguru ahaMbali aura zikSAguru dharasenAcArya rahe hoMge / likhA hai yaH puSpadantena ca bhUtabalyAkhyenApi ziSya-dvitayena reje / phalapradAnAya jagajjanAnAM prApto'GkarAbhyAmiva kalpabhUjaH / / arhabalissaGghacaturvidha sa zrIkoNDakundAnvayamUlasaGgha 1 kAlasvabhAvAdiha jAyamAnadveSetarAlpokaraNAya cakre / / ina abhilekhIya padyoMke AdhArapara ahaMbaliko bhUtabalikA guru mAna liyA Aya to koI hAni nahIM hai / samayakramAnusAra arhali aura puSpadantake samayameM 21 + 19 = 40varSakA antara par3atA hai jisase arhalikA bhUtabali aura puSpadantake samasAmayika honemeM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalATIkA, prathama pustaka, zloka 6. 2. pravaNabelagola abhilekha saMkhyA 105, paJca 25-26. 56 : todhakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bhUtabalike vyaktitva aura jJAnake sambandha meM prakAza par3atA hai ! batAyA hai-- bhUtabali bhaTTAraka asaMbaddha bAta nahIM kaha sakate / yataH mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta rUpI amRtapAna se unakA samasta rAga-dveSa-moha dUra ho gayA hai| "Na cAsaMbaddhaM bhUdabalibhahArao parUvedi mahAkammapaDipA huDa abhiyavANeNa osAridA sesarAgadosamohattAdo / "" isa uddharaNase spaSTa hai ki bhUtabali mahAkarmaprakRtibhUtake pUrNa jJAtA the / isaliye unake dvArA racita siddhAntagrantha sarvathA nirdoSa aura arthapUrNa hai / inhoMne 24 anuyogadvArasvarUpa mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRtakA jJAna prApta kiyA thA / batAyA hai--- "caubIsaaNiyogaddArasatvamahAkammapayaDipAhaDapA rayassa bhUdavali bhayavaMtassa / " " samaya-nirdhAraNa bhUtabalikA samaya AcArya puSpadantakA samaya ho hai| donoMne eka sAtha gharasenAcArya se siddhAnta-pranthoM kA adhyayana kiyA aura aMkulezvarameM sAtha-sAtha varSAvAsa kiyaa| puSpadanta dvArA racita prApta sUtroM ke pazcAt bhUtabaline SaTkhaNDAgamake zeSa bhAgakI racanA ko / DA0 jyotiprasAdane bhUtabalikA samaya I0 san 6690 taka mAnA hai aura SaTkhaNDAgamakA saMkalana I0 san 75 svIkAra kiyA hai| prAkRtapaTTAvalI, nandisaMghakI gurvAvalI Adi pramANoMke anusAra bhUtabalikA samaya I0 sankI prathama zatAbdIkA anta aura dvitIya zatAbdIkA AraMbha AtA hai / DA0 horAlAla jainane dhavalAko prastAvanA meM vIra ni0saM0 614 aura 683ke bIca ukta AcAryoM kA kAla nirdhArita kiyA hai| ataeva bhUtabalikA samaya I0 san prathama zatAbdIkA antima caraNa (I. 87ke lagabhaga) avagata hotA hai / racanA-zakti aura pANDitya indranandike zrutAvatArase jJAta hotA hai ki bhUtabaline puSpadanta viracita sUtroMko milAkara pA~ca khaNDoMke chaH hajAra sUtra race aura tatpazcAt mahAbandha nAmaka chaThe khaNDako tIsa hajAra sUtragraMtharUpa racanA kI / " 1. SaTkhaNDAbhama, bhavalATIkA, pustaka 10, pR0 274 - 275 / 2. vahI, pustaka 14, pR0 134 / 3. The Jaina Sources of the History of Ancient India, p. 114. 4. paTkhaNDAgama, pavATIkA, pustaka 1 prastAvanA pR0 22- 31 5. zrutAvasAra, paca 129 tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 57

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chavakhaMDAgama ke sUtroMke avalokanase prakaTa hotA hai ki prathama khaNDa jIvasthAnake Adime satprarUpaNA sUtroMke racayitA puSpadantAcAryane maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai aura tadanusAra bhalATIkAkAra vorasena svAmIne bho zrutAvatAra AdikA kathana kiyA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama nUtane cauthe va vedanA ke AdimeM punaH maMgala kiyA hai aura babalAkArane bhI jIvasthAnake samAna hI kartA, nimitta, zrutAvatAra AdikI punaH carcA kI hai| isase yaha SaTkhaNDAgamagrantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta pratIta hotA hai / pahale bhAgameM Adike tIna khaNDa haiM aura dvitIya bhAga meM antake tIna khaNDa hai| isa dvitIya bhAga meM hI mahAkarma prakRtiprAbhRtake 24 adhikAroMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai / DA0 hIrAlAlajIne isa dvitIya caNDakI vizeSa saMjJA satkarmaprAbhRta batAyI hai| vastutaH AcArya bhUtabaline SaTkhaNDAgamake jIvasthAnako chor3akara zeSa samasta khaNDokI racanA kI hai| kRtianuyogadvArake AdimeM granthAvatArakA varNana karate hue vIrasena svAmIne likhA hai ki dharasenAcAryane girinagarakI candraguphA meM bhUtabali aura puSpadantakA samagra mahAkarma prakRtiprAbhRta samarpita kara diyaa| tatpazvAt bhUtabali bhaTTArakane zruta-nadI ke pravAhake vicchedake bhaya se bhavya jIvoMke uddhArake liye mahAkarma prakRtiprAbhUtakA upasaMhAra karake chaH khaNDa kiye|" indranandine apane zrutAvatAra meM yaha likhA hai ki bhUtabali AcAryane SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA kara use grantharUpameM nibaddha kiyA aura jyeSTha zuklA paMcamIko usakI pUjA kI aura isI kAraNa yaha paJcamI zrutapaJcamI ke nAmase vikhyAta huii| tatpazcAt bhUtabaline usa khaNDAgamasUtra ke sAtha jinapAlitako puSpadanta guruke pAsa bhejA / jinapAlitake hAtha meM SaTkhaNDAgamaprandhako dekhakara mere dvArA cintita kArya sampanna huA, yaha avagata kara puSpadanta gurune bhI zrutabhakti anurAgasa pulakita hokara zruta-paMcamI ke dina ukta granthako pUjA ko / zrutAvatArakaM ukta kathanase yahI pramANita hotA hai ki puSpadantAcAryane paTkhaNDAgamakI rUparekhA nirdhArita kara satprarUpaNA ke sUtroM kI racanA kI thI aura zeSa bhAgako bhUtabaline samApta kiyA thA / chavakhaMDAgamake avalokanase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki dUsare khaNDa khuddAbandhase chaThe khaNDa taka yaha bhUtabali dvArA racA gayA hai| caturtha khaNDa vedanAke 1. 'tado bhUtalibhaDAraeNa sudAIpavAhavocchedabhIeNa bhaviyalogAnuggaddaTuM mahAkammapAdasaMhariNa kkhaMDANi kayANi / ' -- SaTkhaNDA0, ghavalA, pustaka 9, pU0 133 / 58 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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antargata kRtianuyogadvArake AdimeM sUtrakArane 44 maMgalasUtra likhe haiM aura 45 ve sUtrase granthakI utthAnikAke rUpa AgrAyaNIya pUrva ke paJcama vastu adhikArake antargata karmaprakRtiprAbhRtake 24 anuyogadvAroMkA nirdeza kiyA hai| vIrasena svAmIne ina maMgalasUtroMko lekara eka lambI carcA kI hai| isa carcAsa sona niSkarSa nikalate haiM: 1. bhUtabaline maMgalasUtroMkI racanA svayaM nahIM kii| paramparAse prApta mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRttake maMgalasUtroMkA saMkalana kiyA hai| 2. SaTthaNDAgamameM mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhUtake arthakA hI nibandhana nahIM kiyA hai; apitu zabda bhI grahaNa kiye gaye haiM / 3. bhUtabali kA nahIM, prarUpaka haiM / ataH SaTkhaNDAgamakA dvAdazAMga vANIke sAtha sAkSAt sambandha hai| isa taraha spaSTa hai ki AcArya bhUtabali maTTAkarmaprakRtiprAbhanake zAnI evaM marmajJa vidvAna the| chapakhaNDAgamakA varNya viSaya evaM saMkSiA vivecana yaha grantha chaha khaNDoMmeM vibhakta hai1. jIvaTThANa / 2. khuddAbandha / 3. baMdhasAmitavicaya / 4. veynnaa| 5. bmgnnaa| 6. mahAbaMdha / 1. 'jIvANa' nAmaka prathama-khaNDameM jovake guNa-dharma aura nAnAvasthAoMkA varNana ATha prarUpaNAoMmeM kiyA gayA hai / ye mATha prarUpaNAeM-sat, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpabahutva haiN| isake anantara nau cUlikAeM haiM, jinake nAma prakRtisamutkIrtana, sthAnasamutkIrtana, prathama mahAdaNDaka, dvitIya mahAdaNDaka, tRtIyamahAdaNDaka, utkRSTasthiti, jaghanyasthiti, samyaktvotpati aura gatiagati haiN| satprarUpaNAke prathama sUtra meM paJcanamaskAra mantrakA pATha hai / isa prarUpaNAkA 1. "tatthedaM ki NijadamAho aNibaddhamidi......."tado siddha NivaddhamaMgalapi / ubari uccamANesu tisu khaMDesu ityAdi / " -ghaTsaNDAgama, pavalA TIkA, pustaka 9, pR0 103-104 : zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 59

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viSayanirUpaNa ogha aura Adeza kramase kiyA gayA hai / odhameM mithyAtva sAsAdana Adi 14 guNasthAnoMkA aura AdezameM gati, indriya, kAya Adi 14 mArgaNAoMkA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai / satprarUpaNA meM 137 sUtra haiM / iname40veM sUtrase 45 sUtra taka chaha kAyake jIvoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana AyA hai| jIvoM ke bAdara aura sUkSma medoM ke paryApta evaM aparyApta bheda kiye gaye haiM / vanaspati kAyake sAdhAraNa aura pratyeka ye do bheda batalAye haiM aura inhIM bhedoMke bAdara aura sUkSma tathA ina donoM bhedoMke paryApta aura aparyApta upabheda kara viSayakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / sthAvara aura trasakAyase rahita jIvoMko akAyika kahA hai| jIvaThThANa khaNDakI dUsarI prarUpaNA dravyapramANAnugama hai| isameM 192 sUtroM dvArA guNasthAna aura mArgaNAkramase jIvoMkI saMkhyAkA nirdeza kiyA hai / isa prarUpaNA ke saMkhyA nirdezako prastuta karanevAle sUtroM meM zatasahasrakoTi, kor3Akor3I, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAsa, ananta aura anantAnanta saMkhyAoM kA kathana upalabdha hai| isake atirikta sAtireka, hona, guNa, avahArabhAga, varga, vargamUla, ghana, anyonyAbhyasta rAzi, Adi gaNitako maulika prakriyAoMke nirdeza milate haiM / kAlagaNanA ke prasaMga meM Avalo, antarmuhUrta, avasarpiNI, utsarpiNI, palyopama Adi evaM kSetrakI apekSA aMgula, yojana, zreNI, jagatpratara evaM lokakA ullekha AyA hai / kSetra prarUpaNA 92 sUtroM dvArA guNasthAna aura mAgaMNAkramase jIvoMka kSetrakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNArthaM kucha sUtra uddhRta kara yaha batalAyA jAyagA ki sUtrakarttA kI zailI praznottara ke rUpameM kitanI svaccha hai aura viSayako prastuta karanekA krama kitanA manohara hai / yathA- " sAsaNa sammAiTTippahUDi jAva ajogikevali tti kevaTa khette ? logassa asaMkhejjadibhAe / " sajogikevalI kevaDa khette ? logassa asaMkhejjadibhAge asaMkhejjesu vA bhAgesu savvaloge vA / " AdeseNa gadiyANuvAdeNa girayagadIe raiesu micchAiTTippahUDi jAna asaMjadasammAiTThitti kevaDa khettaM ? logassa asaMkhejjadibhAge / evaM sattasu puDhavIsa raiyA / tirikkhagadIe tirikkhesu micchAiTTI kevaTa khete ? savbalAe / ' 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, jIvasthAna, kSetrapramANAnugama, sUtra 3-4 / 2. SaTkhaNDAgama, jIvasthAna, kSetrapramANAnugama, sUtra 5, 6, 7, 60: tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bhIta jAsAdAsampapaSTi gumasyA se lekara amaugikevalI guNasyAna taka pratyeka guNasthAnavI jIva kitane kSetrameM rahate haiM ? lokake asaMkhyAta bhAgapramANa kSetrameM rahate haiN| sayogakevalI jIva kitane kSetrameM rahate haiM ? lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgapramANa kSetrameM athavA lokake asaMkhyAta bahubhAgapramANa kSetrameM athavA sarvalokameM rahate haiN| Adezako apekSA gatike anuvAdase narakagatimeM nArakiyoMmeM mithyAdRSTi guNasthAnase lekara asaMyattasamyagdRSTi gaNasthAna taka pratyeka guNasthAnavI jIva kitane kSetrameM rahate haiM ? lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgapramANa kSetra meM rahate haiM / isI prakAra sAtoM pRthiviyoMmeM nArakI jIva lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgapramANa dhotrameM rahate haiN| tiryaJcagatimeM tiryaJcoMmeM mithyAdRSTi jIva kisane kSetrameM rahate haiM ? sarvalokameM rahate haiN| ___ spaSTa hai ki eka hI sUtrameM prazna aura usara ina donoMkI yojanA ko gayo hai| vAstavameM yaha lekhakakI pratibhAkA vaiziSTya hai ki usane Agamake gaMbhIra viSayako saMkSepa meM praznottararUpameM upasthita kiyA hai| isa prarUpaNAkA pramukha varNya viSaya mArgaNA aura guNasthAnakI apekSAse jIvoMke sparzanakSetrakA kathana karanA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki jisa mArgaNAmeM ananta saMkhyAvAlI ekendriya jIvoMkI rAzi AtI hai, usa mArgaNAvAle jIva sarvalokama rahate haiM aura zeSa mArgaNAvAle lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM / kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, yathAkhyAta saMyama Adi jina mArgaNAoMmeM sayogIsina Ate haiM, ve sAdhAraNa dazAmeM to lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM rahate haiM kintu pratarasamuddhAtakI dazAmeM lokake asaMkhyAta bahubhAgoMmeM tathA lokapUrNasamudghAtakI dazAmeM sarvaloka meM rahate haiM / bAdara vAyukAyika jIva lokake saMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM rahate haiM / __ sparzana-prarUpaNAmeM 185 sUtra haiN| inameM, nAnAguNasthAna aura mArgaNAvAle jIva svasthAna, samuddhAta evaM upapAta sambandhI aneka avasthAoM dvArA kitane kSetrakA sparza karate haiM, kA vivecana kiyA hai / jIva jisa sthAnapara utpanna hotA hai yA rahatA hai vaha usakA svasthAna kahalAtA hai| aura usa zarIrake dvArA jahA~ taka vaha AtA jAtA hai vaha vihAravat svasthAna kahalAtA hai / pratyeka jIvakA svasthAnakI apekSA vihAravat svasthAnakA kSetra adhika hotA hai / jaise solahaveM svarga ke kisI bhI devakA kSetra svasthAnako apekSA to lokakA asaMkhyAtavA bhAga hai, para vaha vihAra karatA huA nIce tRtIya naraka taka zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 61

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jA-A sakatA hai| ataH usake dvArA sparza kiyA kSetra ATha rAju lambA ho jAtA hai | vihArake samAna samudghAta aura upapAdako apekSA bhI jIvoMkA kSetra bar3ha jAtA hai| vedanA, kaSAya Adi kisI nimittavizeSase jIvake pradezoMkA mala zarIrake sAtha sambandha rahate hue bhI bAhara phelanA samudghAta kahalAtA hai ! samuzAta gAta / samuhamAlako avasthAmeM jIvakA kSetra zarIrako avagAhanAke kSetrase adhika ho jAtA hai| jIvakA apanI pUrvaparyAyako chor3akara anya paryAyameM janma grahaNa karanA upapAda hai| isa prakAra isa prarUpaNAmeM svasthAna-svasthAna, vihAravata-svasthAna, vedanA, kaSAya, vaikriyika, AhAraka, tejasa, mAraNAntika, kelisamuddhAta aura uparAda ina daza avasthAoMkI apekSA kisa maNasthAnavAle aura kisa mArgaNAvAle jIvoMne kitane kSetrakA sparza kiyA hai, yaha vivaMcana kiyA gayA hai / kAlAnRyogameM 342 sUtra haiM / isa prarUpaNAmeM eka jIva aura nAnA jIvoMke eka guNasthAna aura mArmaNAmeM rahaneko jaghanya evaM utkRSTa maryAdAoMko kAlAvadhikA nirdeza kiyA hai / mithyAdaSTi mithyAtvaguNasthAnameM kitane kAla paryanta rahate haiM ? uttara dete hue batAyA hai ki nAnA jIvoMkI apekSA sarvakAla; para eka jIbakI apekSA anAdi-ananta, anAdi-sAnta aura sAdi-sAnta haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki abhavya jIva anAdi ananta tathA bhavya jIva anAdi-sAnta aura mAdisAnta haiM / jo jIva eka bAra samyaktva grahaNakara punaH mithyAtvaguNasthAnameM pahu~catA hai, usa jIvakA vaha mithyAtva sAdi-sAnta kahalAtA hai| sUtrakArane bar3e hI spaSTa rUpameM mithyAsvake tInoM kAloMkA eka jovakI apekSA aura aneka jIvoMkI apekSA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / jaba koI jIva pahalIbAra samyaktva prApta kara atizIghra mithyAtvako prApta ho jAtA hai to vaha adhika-se-adhika mithyAtva guNasthAnameM addha pudgala parAvartana kAla taka hI rhegaa| isake anantara vaha niyamase samyaktvako prAptakara saMyama dhAraNa kara mokSa prApta kara letA hai| ___ antara-prarUpaNAmeM 397 sUtra haiN| isa zabdakA artha viraha, vyuccheda yA abhAva hai| kisI vivakSita guNasthAnavartI jIvakA usa guNasthAnako chor3akara anya guNasthAnameM cale jAne para puna: uso guNasthAnako prAptike pUrva takakA kAla antarakAla yA virahakAla kahalAtA hai| sabase kama viraha-kAlako jaghanya antara aura sabase bar3e virahakAlako utkRSTa antara kahA hai / isa prakArake antarakAlakI prarUpaNA karane vAlI yaha antara-prarUpaNA hai| yaha antarakAla sAmAnya aura vizeSakI apekSAse do prakArakA hotA hai / sUtrakArane 6.2 : nIrthakara mahAnI aura unakI AcArga-parampaga

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eka jIva aura nAnA jIvoMko apekSAse eka hI guNasthAna aura mArgaNAmeM rahanekI jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAlAvadhikA nirdeza karate hue antarakAlakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mithyAdRSTi jIvakA antarakAla kitanA hai, isa praznakA uttara dete hue batAyA hai ki nAnAjItroMkI apekSA koI antara nahIM hai / aisA koI kAla nahIM jaba saMsAra meM mithyAdRSTi jIvana pAye jAyeM, eka javikI apekSA bhiyyAtvakA jaghanya antara antarmuhu aura utkRSTa antara 132 sAgaropama kAla hai / tAtparyaM yaha hai ki midhyAdRSTi jIva pariNAmoMkI vizuddhise samyaktvako prApta hokara kama-se-kama antarmuhUttaM kAlameM saMkliSTa pariNAmoM dvArA punaH mithyAdRSTi ho sakatA hai / athavA aneka manuSya aura devagatiyoM meM samyaktva sahita bhramaNakara adhika-se-adhika 132 sAgaropamako pUrNakara punaH mithyAtvako prApta ho sakatA hai / tIvra aura manda pariNAmoM ke svarUpakA vivecana bhI isa prarUpaNAke antargata AyA hai / nAnAjIvoM kI apekSA mithyAdRSTi, asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata, apramattasaMyata aura sayogakevalI ye cha: gRNasthAna isa prakArake haiM, jiname antarAla upasthita nahIM hotA / mArgaNAoM meM upazamasamyaktva, sUkSmasAMparAyasaMgrama, AhArakakAyayoga, AhArakamizrakAyayoga, vaikriyikamizrakAyayoga, labdhyaparyAptamanuSya, sAsAdanasamyaktva aura samyamidhyAtva aisI avasthAeM haiM, jinameM guNasthAnoMkA antarakAla saMbhava hotA hai / inakA jadhanya antarakAla eka samayamAtra aura utkRSTa antarakAla sAta dina yA chaH mAsa Adi batalAyA gayA hai / ina ATha mArgaNAoM ke atirikta zeSa sabhI mArgaNAoMvAle jIva sadA hI pAye jAte haiN| bhAva prarUpaNA meM 93 sUtra haiN| inameM vibhinna guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAsthAnoM meM honevAle bhAvoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| karmoMke udaya, upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama Adike nimittase jIvake utpanna honevAle pariNAmavizeSoMko bhAva kahate haiN| ye bhAva pA~ca haiM-- 1. audayika bhAva, 2. opazamika bhAva 3. kSAyika bhAva, 4. kSAyopazamika bhAva aura 5. pAriNAmika bhAva / ina bhAvoM meM se kisa guNasthAna aura kisa mArgaNAsthAna meM kauna-sA bhAva hotA hai, isakA vivecana isa bhAvaprarUpaNA meM kiyA gayA hai| midhyAtvaguNasthAna meM utpanna honevAle mithyAdRSTiko audayika bhAva hotA hai| dUsare guNasthAna meM anya bhAvoMke rahate hue bhI, pariNAmika bhAva rahate haiN| jisa prakAra jIvatva Adi pAriNAmika bhAvoMke liye karmoMkA udaya, upazama Adi kAraNa nahIM hai usI prakAra sAsAdanasamyaktvarUpa bhAva ke liye darzanamohanIya karmakA udaya, upazamAdi koI bhI kAraNa nahIM hai / taghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 63

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tIsare guNasthAnameM kSAyopabhika bhAva hotA hai / yatta: isa guNasthAnameM samyak-mithyAtvaprakRtike udaya honepara zraddhAna aura azraddhAnarUpa mizrabhAva utpanna honA hai| usameM jo zraddhAnAMza hai vaha samyaktvaguNakA aMza hai aura jo azraddhAnAMza hai vaha mithyAtvakA aMza hai| ataena samyakamithyAtvabhAvako kSAyopamika mAnA gayA hai| caturtha maNasthAnameM aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazAmika ye tIna bhAva pAye jAte haiM / yataH yahA~ para darzanamohanIyakarmakA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama ye tInoM hI saMbhava hai| Azkei cA: nasla mohanIyavarmana udaya, upazama, kSaya Adi se umpanna hote haiN| ataeva ina guNasthAnoMmeM anya bhAvoMke pAye jAnepara bhI darzanapohanIyakI apekSAse bhAvoMkI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| caturtha guNasthAna taka jo asaMyamabhAva pAyA jAtA hai vaha cAritramohanIyakarmaka udayase utpanna honeke kAraNa auyika bhAva hai| para yahA~ umako vivakSA nahIM kI gayI hai ! paJcama gaNasthAnase dvAdaza gaNasthAna taka ATha gaNasthAnoke bhAvoMkA kathana cAritramohanIyakarmake kSayopazama, upazama aura kSayakI apekSAse kiyA gayA hai| paJcama, SaSTa aura saptama guNasthAna meM cAritramohake kSayopazamase kSAyopazamika bhAva hote haiN| aSTama, navama, dazama aura ekAdaza ina cAra upazAmaka guNasthAnoM meM cAritramohake upanAmase aupamika bhAva tathA kSapakazreNI sambandhI aSTama, nabama, dazama aura dvAdaza ina cAra guNasthAnoM meM cAritramohanIyake kSayase kSAyika bhAva hotA hai| prayodaza aura caturdaza guNasthAna meM jo kSAyika bhAva pAye jAte haiM ve ghAtiyAkarmoMke kSayase utpanna hue samajhanA caahie| guNasthAnoM ke samAna hI mArgaNAsthAnoM meM bhI bhAvoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| alpabahulya-prarUpaNA 382 sUtra haiM | nAnAguNasthAna aura mArgaNAguNasthAnavI joboMko saMkhyAkA hInAdhikatva isa prarUgaNAmeM varNita hai / apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa aura sUkSmasAmparAya guNasthAnameM upazamasamyaktvI jova anya saba sthAnoMkI apekSA pramANameM alpa aura paraspara tulya hote haiN| inase apUrvakaraNAdi tona muNasthAnavartI kSAyikasamyagdaSTi jIva saMkhyAta gaNita haiM / kSINakaSAya jIvoMko saMkhyA bhI itanI ho hai| sayogakevalI saMyamako apekSA pravizyamAna jovoMse saMkhyAta guNita haiN| uparyukta ATha prarUpaNAoMke atirikta jIvasthAnako nau cUlikAeM haiN| prakRtisamutkIrtana nAmakI cUlikAmai 46 sUtra haiM | jIvake gati, jAti mAdike rUpameM jo nAnA bheda upalabdha hote haiM unakA kAraNa karma hai| karmakA vistArapUrvaka vivecana isa cUlikAmeM AyA hai / 64 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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dUsarI cUlikA sthAnasamutkottana nAmako hai| isameM 117 sUtra haiM / pratyeka mUlakarmakI kitanI uttaraprakRtiyA~ eka sAtha bAMdhI jA sakatI haiM aura unakA bandha kisa-kisa guNasthAnameM karatA hai, isakA suspaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya cUlikA prathama mahAdaNDaka nAmakI hai / isameM do sUtra haiM / prathamasamyaktvako hama apanevAlA lIcitakRtiyoMkA hai, una prakRtiyoMkI gaNanA kI gaI hai / ina prakRtiyoMkA bandhakarttA saMjJI paJcendriya manuSya yaha tiryaca hotA hai / dvitIya mahAdaNDaka nAmakI cauthI cUlikAmeM bhI kevala do sUtra haiM / inameM aisI karmaprakRtiyoMkI bhI gaNanA kI gaI hai jinakA bandha prathamasamyaktvake abhimukha huA deva aura chaH pRthviyoMke nArakI oya karate haiN| tRsIya daNDaka nAmaka pA~cavIM cUlikAmeM do sUtra haiM / aura ina sUtroMmeM sAtavIM pRthvI ke nArakI atara samyaktvAbhimukha honepara bandhayogya prakRtiyoMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| chaThI utkRSTasthiti nAmaka cUlikA meM 44 sUtra haiN| isameM bandhe hue karmokI utkRSTa sthitikA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki sUtrakarttA AcAryane yaha batalAyA hai ki bandhako prApta vibhinna karma adhika-se-adhika kitane kAlataka jIvoMse lipta raha sakate haiM aura bandhake kitane samaya bAda AbAdhAkAlake pazcAt vipAka Arambha hotA hai| eka kor3Akor3I varSapramANa bandhakI sthitipara 100 varSakA AbAdhAkAla hotA hai / aura antaH kor3A kor3I sAgAropama sthitikA AbAdhAkAla antarmuhUrta hotA hai / parantu AyukarmakA AbAdhAkAla isase bhinna hai| kyoMki vahA~ AbAdhA adhika-se-adhika eka pUrvakoTi Ayuke tRtIyAMza pramANa hotI hai| sAtavIM jadhanyasthiti nAmaka cUlikAmeM 43 sUtra hai / isa cUlikAmeM karmoMkI jaghanya sthitikA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / pariNAmoMkI utkRSTa vizuddhi jaghanya sthitibandhakA aura saMkleza utkRSTa karmasthitibandhakA kAraNa hai| AThavIM cUlikA samyaktvotpatti 16 sUtra haiN| isa cUlikA meM samyaktvotpattiyogya karmasthiti, samyaktvake adhikArI AdikA nirUpaNa hai / jIvana-zodhana ke lie samyaktvakI kitanI adhika AvazyakatA hai, isakI jAnakArI bhI isase prApta hotI hai| navamI cUlikA gati agati nAmakI hai| isameM 243 sUtra haiM / viSayavastukI dRSTise ise cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| sarvaprathama samyaktvakI utpattike bAharI kAraNa kisa gatimeM kauna-kaunase sambhava hai, isakA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara cAroM gatike jIva maraNakara kisa-kisa gati meM jA sakate haiM aura kisa-kisa gati se kisa-kisa gatimeM A sakate haiM, kA vistArapUrvaka varNana pAyA jAtA hai / deva marakara deva nahIM ho sakatA aura na nArako hI ho sakatA hai| isI taraha nArakI jova marakara na tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 65

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nArako ho sakatA hai aura na deva ho| ina donoM gatiyoMke jIva maraNakara manuSya yA tiryaJcagati prApta karate haiM / deva aura nArakI marakara manuSya yA tiyaMzca hI hote haiN| manuSya aura tiryaJcagatike jIva cAroM ho gatiyoMmeM janma grahaNa kara sakate haiM / tadanantara kisa guNasthAna meM maraNakara kauna-sI gati kisa-kisa jIvako prApta hotI hai, isapara vizeSa vicAra kiyA hai / tatpazcAt batalAyA gayA hai ki naraka aura devagatiyoMse Aye hue jIva tIrthaMkara ho sakate haiM / anya gatiyoMse Aye hue nahIM / cakravartI, nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa aura balabhadra kevala devagati se Aye hue jIba hI hote haiM, zeSa gatiyoMse Aye hue nahIM / cakravartI maraNakara svarga aura naraka ina donoM gatiyoMmeM jAte haiM aura karmakSayakara mokSa bhAM prApta kara sakate hai / balabhadra svarga yA mokSako jAte haiN| nArAyaNa aura pratinArAyaNa maraNakara niyamase naraka jAte haiN| tatpazcAt batalAyA gayA hai ki sAtaveM narakakA nikalA jIva tiryaJca hI ho sakatA hai, manuSya nahIM / chaThe narakase nikale hue jIva tiryaJca aura manuSya donoM ho sakate haiM / paJcama narakase nikale hue jIva manuSyabhavameM saMyama bhI dhAraNa kara sakate haiM, para usa bhavase mokSa nahIM jA sakate | cauthe narakase nikale hue jIva manuSya hokara aura saMyama dhAraNa kara kevalajJAnako utpanna karate hue nirvANa bhI prApta kara sakate haiN| tRtIya narakase nikale hue jIva tIrthaMkara ho sakate haiN| isa prakAra jIvadvANa nAmaka prathama khaNDameM kula 2,375 sUtra haiM aura yaha ATha prarUpaNAoM aura nau cUlikAoM meM vibhakta hai / 2. khuddAbandha (kSukabandha) isameM mArgaNAsthAnoMke anusAra kauna jIva bandhaka hai aura kauna abandhaka, kA vivecana kiyA hai / karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTise yaha dvitIya khaNDa bahuta upayogI aura mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA vizada vivecana nimnalikhita gyAraha anuyogoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai 1. eka jIvako apekSA svAmitva 2. eka jIvakI apekSA kAla 3. eka jIvakI apekSA antara 4. nAnAjIvoMkI apekSA bhaMgavicaya 5. dravya pramANAnugama 6. kSetrAnugama 7. sparzAnugama 4. nAnAjIvoM kI apekSA kAla 66 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AvArA

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9. nAnA jIvoMkI apekSA antara 10. bhAgAbhAgAnugama 11. alpabahutvAnugama ina gyAraha anuyogoM ke pUrvaM prAstAvika rUpameM bandhakoMke sasvako prarUpaNA ko gaI hai aura antameM gyAraha anuyogadvAroMkI cUlikA ke rUpameM mahAdaMDaka diyA gayA hai / isa prakAra isa khaNDa meM 13 adhikAra haiM / prAstAvika rUpameM AI bandha sattvaprarUpaNA meM 43 sUtra hai / gatimArgaNAke anusAra nArako aura tiryaJca bandhaka haiN| manuSya bandhaka bhI hai aura abandhaka bhI / siddha abandhaka haiM / indriyAdi mArgaNAoMko apekSA bhI bandhake sattvakA vivecana kiyA hai| jabataka mana, vacana aura kAyarUpa yogako kriyA vidyamAna rahatI hai tabataka jIva bandhaka rahatA hai| ayogakevalI aura siddha abandhaka hote haiN| 1 svAmitva nAmaka anugama meM 51 sUtra haiM, jinameM mArgaNAoM ke anukamase kauna-se guNa yA jIvake kina bhAvosa utpanna hote haiM tathA jIvako labdhiyoM kI prApti kisa prakAra hotI hai, AdikA praznottarake rUpameM prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa anugamameM siddhagati, anidriyatva, akAyatva, alezyatva, ayogatva, kSAyikasamyaktva, kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana to kSAyikalabdhise utpanna hote haiN| ekendriyAdi pAMca jAtiyAM mana, vacana, kAya ye tIna yoga, mati zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryaya ye cAra jJAna, tona ajJAna, parihAravizudvisaMyama, cakSu, acakSu aura avadhidarzana, vedakasamyaktva, mamyak mithyAdRSTitva aura saMzitvabhAva ye kSAyopazamikalabdhise utpanna hote hai / apagataveda, kaSAya, sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAtasaMyama ye bhopazamika tathA kSAyikalabdhise utpanna hote haiM / sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA saMyama aupazamika, zrAmika aura kSAyopazamikalabdhise utpanna hote haiM / aupazamika samyagdarzana aupazamikalabdhi se utpanna hotA hai, bhavyatva, abhavyatva aura sAsAdana samyagdRSTitva ye pAriNAmika bhAva hai| zeSa gati Adi samasta mArgaNAntargata jobaparyAya apane-apane karmoM ke udayase hote haiM / anAhArakatva karmoke udayase bhI hotA hai aura kSAyikalabdhi se bhI / kAlAnugamameM 216 sutra haiN| isa anugamameM gati indriya, kAya Adi mArgaNAoM meM jIvakI jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAlasthitikA vivecana kiyA hai / jIvasthAna khaNDa meM prarUpita kAlaprarUpaNAkI apekSA yaha vizeSatA hai ki yahA~ guNasthAnakA vicAra chor3akara prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| tara aura gArasvatAcArya : 67

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antaraprarUpaNAmeM 151 sUtra haiM / mArgaNAkramase jaghanya aura utkRSTa antarakAlakA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai / bhaMgavicayameM 23 sUtra haiN| kina mArgaNAoM meM kauna-se jIva sadaiva rahate aura kauna-se jIva kabhI nahIM rahate, kA varNana kiyA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki narakAdi gatiyoM meM jIva sadeva niyamase nivAsa karate haiM / kintu manuSya aparyApta kabhI hote haiM aura kabhI nahIM bhI hote| isI prakAra vakriyikamizra Adi jIvoMkI mArgaNAe~ bhI sAntara haiM / dravyapramANAnugamameM 171 sUtra haiN| guNasthAnako jor3akara mArgaNAkramase jIvoMkI saMkhyA, usIke Azrayase kAla evaM kSetrakA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / kSetrAnugamameM 124 aura sparzAnugama meM 279 sUtra haiN| ina donoMmeM apaneapane viSayake anusAra jIvoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / kAlAnugamameM 55 sUtra hai| isameM kAlakI apekSA nayA jIvoM kAlakA varNana kiyA hai| anAdi-ananta, anAdi- sAnta, sAdi-ananta evaM sAdi- sAnta rUpase kAlaprarUpaNA kI gaI hai / nAnA jIvoM kI apekSA antarakA varNana karanevAle antarAnugamameM 68 sUtra haiM / bandhakoMke jaghanya aura utkRSTa antarakAlakI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai / 1 bhAgAbhAgAnugamameM 88 sUtra haiN| isa anugamameM mArgaNAnusAra anantavaM bhAga, asaMkhyAttaveM bhAga saMkhyAtaveM bhAga tathA ananta bahubhAga, asaMkhyAta bahubhAga, saMkhyAta bahubhAga, rUpase jIvoMkA sarvajIvoMkI apekSA pramANa batalAyA gayA hai / eka prakAra se isa anugamameM jIvoMkI saMkhyAoMpara prakAza DAlA gayA hai tathA parampara tulanAtmaka rUpase saMkhyA batAyo gaI hai / yathA - nArakI jIvoMkA vivecana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ve samasta jIvoMkI apekSA anantaveM bhAga haiM / isa prakAra paraspara meM tulanAtmaka rUpase jIvoMkI bhAga -abhAgAnukramameM saMkhyA batalAyI gaI hai| alpabahutva - anugamameM 106 sUtra haiM, jinameM 14 mArgaNAoMke Azrayase jIvasamAsokA tulanAtmaka dravyapramANa batalAyA gayA hai| gatimArgaNA meM manuSya sabase thor3e haiN| unase nArakI asaMkhyaguNe haiN| deva nAraviyoM se asaMkhyaguNe haiM / devoMse siddha anantaguNe haiM tathA tiyaMca devoMsa bhI anantaguNe haiM / antima cUlikA mahAdakake rUpameM hai / isameM 79 sUtra haiN| isa cUlikA meM mArgaNAvibhAgako chor3akara garbhopakAntika manuSya- paryAptase lekara nigoda jIvoM takake jIvasamAsoMkA alpabahutva pratipAdita hai| jIvoMkI sApekSika rAzike jJAnako prApta karane ke lie yaha cUlikA upayogI hai / 68 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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isa prakAra samasta khuddAbandhameM 1, 582 sUtra haiN| inameM karmaprakRtiprAbhRtake bandhaka adhikArake bandha, abandhaka, bandhanIya aura bandhavidhAna nAmaka cAra anuyogoM se bandhakakA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / ise khuddakabandha kahanekA kAraNa yaha hai ki mahAbandhako apekSA yaha bandhaprakaraNa choTA hai| 3. baMSasAmittaviSaya (bandhasvAmitvaviSaya) ___ isa tRtIya khaNDameM karmoMkI vibhinna prakRtiyoMke bandha karanevAle svAmiyoMkA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ vicapazabdakA artha vicAra, momAMsA aura parIkSA hai| yahAM isa bAtakA vivecana kiyA hai ki kauna-sA karmabandha kisa gaNasthAna aura mArgaNAmeM saMbhava hai| arthAt karmabandhake svAmo kaunase gaNasthAnavartI aura maagNnnaasthaanvto jova haiN| isa khaNDameM kula 324 sUtra haiN| inameM Arambhake 42 sUtroMmeM guNasthAna-kramase bandhaka jIvoMkA prarUpaNa kiyA hai| karmasiddhAntakI apekSA kisa guNasthAnameM bheda aura abheda vivakSAse kitanI prakRtiyoMkA kauna jIva svAmI hotA hai, isakA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 4. devanAkhaNDa karmaprAbhasake 24 adhikAroMmeMse kRti aura vedanA nAmaka prathama do anuyogoMkA nAma vedanA-khaNDa hai| sUtrakArane prAramameM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai tathA isI caturtha khaNDake prAraMbhameM punaH bhI maMgalasUtra milate haiN| ataH yaha anumAna sahajameM lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki prathama bArakA maMgala prAraMbhake tIna khaNDoMkA hai aura dvitIya bArakA maMgala zeSa tIna khaNDoMkA / granthake Adi aura madhyameM maMgala karanekA jo siddhAnta pratipAdita hai usakA samarthana bhI isase ho jAtA hai| kRtianuyogadvArameM 75 sUtra hai, jinameM 44 sUtroMmeM maMgalastavana kiyA gayA hai / zeSa sUtroMmeM kRttike nAnA bheda batalAkara mUlakaraNa kRtike 13 bhedoMkA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| dvittIya prakaraNakA 16 adhikAroMma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| adhikAroMkI nAmAvalo sUtrAnusAra nimna prakAra hai 1. nikSepa-3 sUtra 2. naya-4 sUtra 3. nAma-4 sUtra 4. dravya-13 sUtra 5. kSetra---99 sUtra 6. kAla-279 sUtra 7. bhAva-314 sUtra zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 69

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8. pratyaya-16 sutra 9. svAmitva-15 sUtra 10. vedanAvidhAna-58 sUtra 11. gati-12 sUtra 12, anantara--11 sUtra 13. sannikarSa.-320 sUtra 14. parimANa-53 sUtra 15. bhAgAbhAga-21 sutra 16. alpabahutva-27 sUtra vastutaH yaha vedanA anuyogadvAra bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / nikSepa adhikAra meM nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAra nikSepoM dvArA vedanAke svarUpakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| naya adhikArameM ukta nikSepoMmeM kauna-sA artha yahAM hai, yaha negama prakRta saMgraha Adi nayoMke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai / nAmavidhAna adhikArameM naMgamAdi nayoM ke dvArA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM meM vedanAko apekSA ekatva sthApita kiyA gayA hai / drAvadhAna adhikArama ko ke dravyakA utkRSTa anutkRSTa, jaghanya, sAdi, anAdi svarUpa samajhAyA gayA hai| kSetravidhAnase jJAnAvaraNIyAdi ATha kamarUpa pudgaladravyako vedanA mAnakara samudghAtAdi vividha avasthAoMmeM jIvaka pradezakSatrako prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| kAlavidhAna adhikArameM padamImAMsA, svAmitva aura alpabahatva anuyogadvArameM kAlake svarUpakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai | bhAvavidhAnameM pUrvAkta padamImAMsAdi tIna anuyogoM dvArA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM kI utkRSTa, anutkRSTa bhAvAtmaka vedanAoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / vedanA pratyayame nayoMke Azraya dvArA vedabhAke kAraNoMkA vivecana kiyA hai / vedanA svAmitvameM AThoM karmo ke svAmiyoM kA prarUpAga kiyA hai| vedanA vedana adhikArameM ATho karmoM ke badhyamAna, udAraNA aura upazAnta svarUpoMkA ekatva aura anekatvako apekSA kathana kiyA hai / vedanA gatividhAna anuyAgArameM karmI kI sthiti, sthiti athavA sthityasthiti avasthAoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| anantaravidhAna anuyogadvArameM karmoM kI anantaparamparA evaM bandhaprakAroMkA vicAra kiyA hai| karmo ko vedanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvakI apekSA kisa prakAra utkRSTa aura jaghanya hotI hai, kA vivecana vedanA sannikarSama kiyA gayA hai / vedanA parimANavidhAna adhikArameM AThoM karmoM kI prakRtyarthatA, samayabaddhArthatA aura kSetrapratyAsakI prarUpaNA ko gaI hai / bhAgAbhAgameM karmaprakRtiyoMke bhAga aura abhAgakA vivecana AyA hai / alpa 70 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bahutvavidhAnameM karmoM ke alpabahutvakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra vedanAkhaNDameM kula 1,449 sUtra haiN| 5. varga zAkhaNDa isameM sparza, karma aura prakRti nAmaka tIna anuyogadvAroMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| sparza-anuyogadvArameM sparzanikSepa, sparzanayavibhASaNatA, sparzanAmavidhAna aura sparzadravyAMvavAna Adi 16 AdhekAsa spazakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| karma-anuyogadvArameM nAmakarma, sthApanAkarma, dvaghyakarma, prayogakarma, sAmAvadAnakarma, adhaHkaraNakama, IryApathakarma, tapaHkarma, kriyAkarma aura bhAvakarmakA prarUpaNa hai| prakRti-anuyogadvArameM prakRtinikSepa Adi 16 anuyogadvAroMkA vivecana hai / ina tInoM anuyogadvAroM meM kramazaH 63, 31, aura 142 sUtra haiM / bandhanake cAra bheda haiM-1. bandha, 2. bandhaka, 3. bandhanIya aura 4. bandhavidhAna / bandha aura bandhanIyakA vivecana 727 sUtroMmeM kiyA gayA hai / bandhaprakaraNa 64 sUtroMmeM samApta huA hai| bandhanIyakA svarUpa batalAte hae kahA hai ki vipAka yA anubhava karanevAle pudgala-svandha ho bandhanIya hote haiM aura ve vargaNArUpa hai| 6. mahAvandha ___ bandhanIya adhikArakI samAptike pazcAta prakRtibandha, pradezabandha, sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandhakA vivecana chaThe vaNDa meM aneka anuyogadvAroMmeM vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| prakRtikA zabdArtha svabhAva hai / yathA-cInIko prakRti maghara aura nImakI prakRti kaTuka hotI hai| isI prakAra AtmAke sAtha sambaddha hue karmaparamANuoMmeM AtmAke jJAna-darzanAdi guNoMko AvRta karane yA susvAdi guNoMke ghAta karanekA jo svabhAva par3atA hai use prakRtibandha kahate haiN| ve Aye hae karmaparamANu jitane samayataka AtmAke sAtha baMdhe rahate haiM utane kAlakI maryAdAko sthitibandha kahate haiN| una karmaparamANaoMmeM phalapradAna karanekA jo sAmathrya hotA hai use anubhAgabandha kahate haiN| AtmAke sAtha baMdhanevAle karmaparamANuoMke jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmarUpase aura unakI uttaraprakRttiyoMke rUpase jo baeNTavArA hotA hai use pradezabandha kahate haiN| isa SaSTha khaNDameM ina cAroM bandhoMkA prakRtisamutkIrtana, sarvabandha, nosarvabandha, utkRSTabandha, anutkRSTabandha Adi 24 anuyogadvAroM dvArA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / AcArya AyamaMjha aura nAgahasti ye donoM AcArya digambara evaM zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoMmeM pratiSThita haiN| zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 71

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zvetAmbara paramparAmeM AyabhakSuko AyamaMgu nAmase ullikhita kiyA hai| bhaMgu aura maMkSu ekArthaka zabda haiN| ataH ye donoM eka hI vyaktike lie prayukta haiN| 'dhavalA TIkAmeM ina donoMko mahAzramaNa aura mahAvAmaka likhA hai "kammaTTidi tti aNiyogaddAre hi bhaNNamANe ve uvaesA hoti / jahaNNamukkassahidINe pamANaparUvaNA kaDhidiparUvaNaM ti jAgahatyi-khamAsamaNA bhaNati / ajamakhu-bamAsamaNA puNa kammaTTidiparUveNe ti bhaNaMti / evaM dohi uvaesehi kammaTridiparUSaNA kAyasvA / " "ettha duve uvaesA....""mahAvAcayANamajbamakhukhavaNANamuvaeseNa logapUride AsagasamANaM NAmA-goda-vedaNIyANe ThivisaMtakammaM Thavedi / mahAvAcayAgaMNAgahatthi-khavaNANamuvaeseNa loge pUride NAmA-godavedaNIyANa TThivisaMtakamma aMtomuhattapamANaM hodi / " isa uddharaNase spaSTa hai ki AryamaMkSu aura nAgahasti kSamAzramaNa aura mahAvApaka padoMse vibhUSita the| isase ina donoMko siddhAntaviSayaka vidvattAkA patA calatA hai| jayapavalAmeM AryamA aura nAgahastikA ullekha karate hue ina donoMko ArAtIya paramparAkA abhijJa mAnA hai / likhA hai____ "edamhAdo vilalagirimatyayasthavaDvamANadivAyarAdo viNiggamiya godamalohaja-jaMbusAmiyAdi-AiriyaparaMparAe AgaMtUNa guNaharAiriyaM pAyiya gAhAsasveNa pariNamiya ajjamakhu-NAgahatthohito jaivasahAyariyamuvAmaya cuNNisuttAyAreNa pariNadivyajjhuNikiraNAdo Navvade / "3 arthAt vipulAcalake Upara sthita bhagavAna mahAvIrarUpI divAkarase nikalakara gautama, lohArya, jambUsvAmI Adi AcAryaparamparAse Akara guNadharAcAryako prApta hokara vahA~ gAthArUpase pariNamana karake punaH AryamaMkSu aura nAgahasti AcAryake dvArA Arya yativaSabhako prApta hokara NisUtrarUpase pariNata huI divyadhvani kiraNarUpase ajJAna andhakArako naSTa karatI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki ye donoM AcArya apane samayake karmasiddhAntake mahAna vettA aura Agamake pAragAmo the / jayadhavalAkAra AcArya vIrasenane TIkAke prAraMbhameM ukta donoM AcAryoMkI mahattA pradarzita kI hai| dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoMke AdhAra para ina donoM AcAryoko siddhAntakA marmajJa aura vyAkhyAtA mAnA jA sakatA hai| vIrasenane likhA hai guNahara-vayaNa-viNiggaya-gAhANatyo'vahAriyo sbyo| jeNajjamakhuNA so saNAgahasthI varaM deU / / 7 / / 1. SaTvaNDAgama 1 pra. pR0 57, purAtana jaina bAmaya-sUcI pR0 30 para uddhata / 2. kasAyapAhue, pazcama bhAga, pRSTha 388 / 72 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramarA

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jo ajjayamakhusoyo aMtevAsI vi pAgahasthissa / so vittisuttakattA jaivasaho me varaM deU // 8 // arthAt jina AryamakSu aura nAgahastine guNadharAcAryake mukhakamalase vinirgata kasAyapAiko gAthAoMke samasta arthako samyakprakAra grahaNa kiyA, ve hameM vara pradAna kreN| cUNisUtraracayitA yativRSabha AryamakSuke ziSya aura nAgastike antevAsI haiN| ina gAthAoMse nimnalikhita tathya prasUsa hote haiM1. AyamaMkSu aura nAgahastikI samakAlInatA 2. kasAyapAhuDako vijhatA 3. yativRSabhake guruke rUpameM gayA yativRSabhane apane cUrNisUtroMmeM AryamA aura nAgahastiko guruke rUpameM ullikhita nahIM kiyA hai aura na anya kisI AcAryakA ho apaneko ziSya batAyA hai / yadyapi kucha aise sthala upalabdha hote haiM, jinase ukta donoMkA gurutva vyakta ho jAtA hai| unhoMne "eltha ve uyaesA" kahakara do upadezakoMkI sUcanA dI hai| ye upadezaka apane samayake do mahAna jJAno guru the| jayadhavalAmeM likhA hai___"puNo tesiM donhaM pi pAdamale asIdisadagAhANaM guNaharamuhakamalaviNiggayANamatvaM sambhaM somaNa jayivasahamahAraeNa pavayaNavacchaleNa cuNisuttaM kayaM / "3 arthAt guNadharake mukhakamalase nikalI huI gAthAoMke arthako jinake pAdamUlameM suna kara yativRSabhane cUrNisUtra racA / indranandike zrutAvatArameM Ayamaca aura nAgahastiko guNaparAcAryakA ziSya batAyA gayA hai| ataeva ina donoMke guru guNadharAcArya haiM aura ziSya yativRSabha evaM gAthAsUtrANi paMcadazamahAdhikArANi / praviracya vyAcalyo sa nAgahastyAryamaMkSubhyAm // ' arthAt guNadharAcAryane kasAyapAhuiko sUtragAthAoMko racakara svayaM unako vyAkhyA karake AryamaMkSu aura nAgahassiko par3hAyA / jayaSayalAke eka anya ullekhase avagata hotA hai ki AcAryaparamparAse prApta gAyAoMko zikSA guNadharane AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastiko dI thI1. jayaSavalATIkA, maMgalAcaraNa paca 7-8 / 2. kasAyapAhuna, jamaghavalA TIkA, bhAga 1, pu.88 / 3. zrutAvatAra, padya 154 / saMpara aura sArasvatAcArya : 73

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"puNo tAoM muttagAhAo Airiya-paraMparAe AgacchamANAoM ajjamaMkhuNAmatyo pttaao|" arthAt guNadharAcAryako ukta sUtragAdhAe~ AcArya paramparAse calI AtI huI AryamakSu aura nAgahastiko prApta huIM / isa uddharaNase eka mahattvapUrNa niSkarSa yaha nikalatA hai ki ina donoM AcAryoMkA guNadhara ke sAtha sIdhA sambandha nahIM thA; para ArambhameM jayadhavalAkArane guNadharakA AryamakSu aura nAgahastike sAtha sIdhA sambandha mAnA hai| zrutAvatAra se bhI guNadharAcArya ke sAtha ina donoMkA sAkSAt sambandha ghaTita hotA hai / AryamakSu aura nAgahastike vyaktitva ke sambandhameM zvetAmbara paramparAse bhI paryApta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| nandisutrakI paTTAvalImeM AcArya AryamakSukA paricaya dete hue likhA hai bhagaM karaNaM jhaNagaM pabhAvagaM NANadaMsaNa guNANaM / vaMdAmi ajjamaMtraM suyasAgarapAragaM dhIraM / / ' arthAt jo sUtroM ke arthavyAkhyAtA hai, mAdhupadocita kriyAkalApake karanevAle haiM, ghamaMdhyAnake dhyAtA yA viziSTa abhyAsI haiM, jJAna aura darzana guNake mahAn prabhAvaka haiM, dhIra-vIra haiM, parISaha aura upasargoM ke sahana karanevAle haiM evaM zrutasAgarake pAragAmI hai, aise AcAryakI meM vandanA karatA hU~ / zvetAmbara paTTAvalI meM inheM AryasamudrakA ziSya kahA gayA hai| isI paTTAcalI meM nAgahastikA paricaya bhI prApta hotA hai / vaDDhau vAyagavaMso jasavaMso ajjaNA mahatthINaM / vAgaraNa-karaNa bhaMgiya-kammaparyADapahANANaM // jo saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA ke vyAkaraNoMke netA haiM, karaNabhaMgo arthAt piNDazuddhi, samiti, bhAvanA, pratimA, indriyanirodha, pratilekhana aura abhigrahako nAnAvitriyoMke jJAtA hai aura karmaprakRtiyoMke pradhAna rUpase vyAkhyAtA hai, aise Arya nAgahastikA yazasvI vAcaka vaMza vRddhiko prApta ho / inheM Arya nandila kSapaNakakA ziSya batalAyA gayA hai| ukta donoM gAthAoMparase AryamaMzu aura nAgahastike vyaktitvake sambandha meM nimnalikhita niSkarSaM phalita hote haiM 2. nandisUtra paTTAvalI, gAthA 28 / 1. nandisU paTTAvalI, gAdhA 30 / 74 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AvArya - paramparA

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1. ye donoM AcArya siddhAntake marmajJa the| 2. zrutasAgarake pAragAmI the| 3. sUtroM khyAtA : 4. gupti, samiti aura vratoMke pAlanameM sAvadhAna tathA parISaha aura upasargAke sahana karanemeM paTu the| 5. vAcaka aura prabhAvaka bhI the| samaya-nirNaya zvetAmbara paTTAliyoM meM se kalpasUtra-sthavirAvalI aura paTTAvalI-sAroddhArameM to ukta donoM AcAryokA nAma nahIM milatA hai| anya paTTAvaliyoM meM se kisomeM kaMvala AryamaMjhukA nAma aura kisomeM AryanAga hastikA nAma AtA hai / jahA~ ina donoM AcAryoM ke nAma haiM, vahA~ bhI bIca meM kisI anya prAcAryakA nAma A gayA hai| yaha to nirvivAda hai ki paTTAyaliyoMmeM ullikhita AryamaMkSu aura nAgahasti hI dhavalA aura jayadhavalAmeM ullikhita AryamakSa aura nAgahasti hai| vi0 saM0 1327ke lagabhaga dharmaghoSane 'siri-dusamAkAla-samaNasaMgha-zyaM' nAmaka paTTA palI saMgRhIta kI hai, jisameM' vaira' ke pazcAt hI nAgathikA nAma AyA hai| yathA bIe nivIsa vairaM ca nAgahatthi va revaImittaM / sohaM nAgajhuNaM bhUidinniyaM kAlayaM vaMde / / ' ye vaira, vahara dvitIya yA kalpasUtra-paTTAvalIke upakosiya gotrIya vairasena haiM, jinakA samaya iso paTTAvalIko avacUromeM rAjagaNanAse tulanA karate hue vIra ni0 saM0 617ke pazcAt batalAyA gayA hai| puSpamitra (durbalikA puSpamitra 20 // tathA rAjA nAiDa: // 10 // evaM 605 zAvasaMvatsaraH / / atrAntare voTikA nirgtaa| iti 617 // prathamodayaH / vAyasareNa 3 nAgahasti 69 revatimitra 59 babhadIvaga siMha 78 nAgArjuna 78 / paNasayarI sayAI tinni-saya-samanniAI aikamaLa / vikkamakAlAo tao bahulI (valabhI) bhaMgo smuppnno|| ukta uddharaNake anusAra vIra ni0 saM0 ke 617 varSa pazcAt pairasenakA kAla tIna varSa aura unake anantara nAgahastikA kAla 69 varSa pAyA jAtA hai| kalpasUtra-sthavigavalImeM eka vairako gautama-gotrI aura dUsareko ukkosI1. paTTAvalIsamuccaya pR0 16 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 75

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yagotrI kahA hai aura unheM parasparameM gam-zirA batalAyA hai| kinta, kAra palekI padAvaliyoM meM unake nAmoke bIca eka do nAma aura jur3e hue milate haiN| prathama ajjavairake samayakA ullekha vIra ni0 saM0 584 varSa pAyA jAtA hai| aura dvitIya ajjavairakA vIra ni0 saM0 617 pAyA jAtA hai| ina donoM AcAryoMse pUrva AryamaMkSukA ullekha hai tathA ina donoMke anantara nAgahastikA nirdeza hai / ataH ina cAroM AcAryokA samaya nimna prakAra haiAryamaMkSa 467 vI ni0 Aryavacca- 496-584 / / Arya vanasena- 617-620 / Arya nAgahasti- 620.689 , digambara vAGmayake anusAra ukta donoM AcArya yativRSabhake guru aura guNadharake ziSya honeke kAraNa guNaparAcAryake samakAlIna haiN| mathurAke sarasvatI-Andolanake sambandhameM kahA jAtA hai ki mathurA saMghane pustakadhAriNI sarasvatI devIko vizAla pratimAeM pratiSThita ko thiiN| dUsarI zatI I. ke pUrvAddha meM kuSANa narezoMke zAsana-kAlameM AcArya nAgahasti dvArA prasthApita sarasvatI devokI jo khaNDita mUrti mathurAke kaMkAlI Tolese prApta huI hai vaha sabase adhika prAcIna hai| yaha sarasvatI-Andolana arthAt grantha likhanekA Andolana I0pU0.50 se I0 san 100 taka rahA hai| nAgahasti yA hasta-hastikA nAma mathurAke zilAlekhameM AyA hai| ataH DA0 jyotiprasAdajone nAgahastikI tithi I. san 130-132 nirdhArita kI hai aura AryamakSa ko nAgahastise pUrvavartI mAnakara unakA samaya I0 san 50 mAnA hai|' zvetAmbara paTTAvaliyoMke AdhArapara AryamA aura nAgahastike samayameM 130 varSakA antara par3atA hai| ata: ve donoM samakAlIna nahIM hai; para digambara ullekhoMke anusAra ye donoM AcArya mahAvIra svAmIko paramparAko 28 vI por3hIpara Ate haiM jisakA artha hai ki kora ni0 saM0 sAtavIM zatAbdI inakA samaya hai| zvetAmbara paTTAvaliyoMke anusAra AyamaMkSakA kAla vora ni0 saM0 pA~cavIM zatAbdI aura nAgahastikA sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| dhavalA aura jayadhavalAmeM AryamA aura nAgahastikA ullekha jisa kramase AyA hai usase bhI yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki AryamA nAgahastise jyeSTha the / isIlie unakA nAma prathama rakhA 1. Thc Taina Sources of The History of Ancient India P. 116. 76 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArma-paramparA

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gayA hai aura nAgahastikA pazcAt / yahAM yaha avazya vicAraNIya hai ki dhavalA evaM jayadhavalAmeM ullikhita AryamaMjha, aura nAgasti zvetAmbara paTTAvaliyoMke ho AcArya haiM to donoM paramparAoMmeM itanA antara kyoM hai ? atAbhihatA aura pANDitya AryamaMkSa, aura nAgahasti 'mahAkammapaDipAhuDa' ke jJAtA the / inase yativRSabhane 'kasAyapAhuDa' ke sUtroMkA vyAkhyAna prAptakara cUrNisUtroMko racanA kI hai / ataH ye donoM AcArya pejjadosapAhuDake bhI utkRSTa jJAtA the| dhavalA TokAkAra AcArya borasenane AryamaMkSa, aura nAgahastike upadezakA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki AryamakSa aura nAgahastike upadeza pravAhakamase Aye hue the| una upadezako 'pavAijjamANa' kahA hai| "tesi ceva bhayavaMtANamajjamakhu-NAgahatthoNaM pavAijjateNuvaeseNa coisa jobamamAsesu jahaSNukkassapadavisesido appAbahuadaMDao eto bhaNihidi bhaNiSyata ityarthaH / __ isa uddharaNase yaha spaSTa hai ki AcArya vIrasena ukta donoM AcAryoMke upadezako paramparAse prApta pravAhamAna kahA hai / jo tathya ArAtoyaparamparAse prApta hote haiM ve hI tathya yathArtha kahe jAte haiM aura unhIMko pravAhyamAna kahA jAtA hai| Age calakara isI jildameM AcArya vIrasenane kaSAyoMke saMyogake varNanaprasaMgameM AryamakSa ke upadezako 'apavAijjamANa' aura nAgahastike upadezako 'padAijjaMta' kahA hai / batAyA hai___ "etto pavAijjatovaesamalaviya edisse cautthoe suttagAhAe asthavihAsaNA kIradi ti vuttaM hoi ! ko vuNa pavAijjatovaeso NAma? vuccade-vuttameda savvAiriyasammado cirakAlamavocchiNNasaMpadAyakameNAgacchamANo jo sissaparaMparAga pavAijjade paNNavijade so pavAijasovaeso ti bhnnnnde| athavA ajjamakhubhayavaMtANamuvAeso elyApavAijjamANo NAma / NAgahatyikhavaNANamuvaeso pavA. dajjaMtayo tti ghettbvo|"2 jo saba AcAryoMke dvArA sammata hai / virakAlase aTita sampradAyakramase calA A rahA hai aura jo ziSyaparamparAke dvArA pravAhita kiyA jAtA hai yA jJApita kiyA jAtA hai, vaha pravAhamAna upadeza kahalAtA hai| AryamA 1. kasAyapAhUDa, jayapavalATIkA, jilda 12, pR0 23. 2. kasAyapAhura, jayaSadhalA TIkA, jilda 12, pR0 72. dhruvaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 77

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AcAryakA upadeza prakRta, kaSAyasaMyogavarNana kramameM apravAhyamAna hai aura nAgahasti kSamAzramaNakA upadeza pravAhyamAna hai / uparyukta saMdarbha se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki upadezakI do paramparAe~, vidyamAna thiiN| eka pavAijjata' aura dUsarI 'apavAhajjamAna' | vIrasenane AryamaMkSuke upadezako 'apavAijmANa' aura nAgahastike upadezako 'pavADajjata' kahA hai| upayogAdhikArakI caturtha gAthAkI vibhASA karate hue cUrNikArane iga gAyakI vibhASA viSayameM do upadeza batAye haiN| eka upadezake dvArA vyAkhyAna samApta karake likhA hai ki aba 'pavAijrjjata' upadeza ke dvArA nautho mAyAko vibhASA karate haiM / sAdhAraNataH AryamakSu aura nAgahastike upadeza meM koI antara nahIM thA; para kvacit kadAcit upadezameM antara rahaneke kAraNa pavAijjata' aura 'apavAijjamANa' kA ullekha AyA hai | Arya kA upadeza 'apavAijjamANa' kyoM thA, isa sambandha meM zvetAmbara paramparAse kucha prakAza par3atA hai / isa paramparAmeM batAyA hai ki AcArya AryamakSu vihAra karate hue mathurApurI phuNce| yahAM para zraddhAlu 'bhakta' aura zuzrUSArata ziSyoM ke vyAmohake kAraNa vahIM rahane lge| rasagAravake ve itane vazIbhUta the, jisase bihAra vahIM rahane ko varSa zramaya zithila hone lagA aura vahIM unhoMne samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyA / " ? vajrayaza 'niloya paNNattI' meM AcArya vaccayazakA ullekha hai aura unheM antima prajJAzramaNa batAyA gayA hai| likhA hai paNasamaNesu carimo vadarajaso NAma ohiNANIsu / rimo siriNAma sudaviNayasusIlAdisaMpaNNo // 3 yahA~ prajJAzramaNoM meM antima prajJAzramaNa vastrayaza yA 'vairajasa'kA spaSTa nirdeza hai / yadi ye 'vairajasa' zvetAmbara paTTAbaliyoMmeM ullikhita vajrayaNa hI hoM, to koI Azcarya nahIM / tattvArthavAttika meM padAnusAritva aura prajJAmazraNatva ina do RddhiyoMko eka hI buddhi Rddhike upabheda kahA hai / SaTkhaNDAgamake vedanA khaNDa meM nibaddha gautama svAmIkRta maMgalAcaraNa meM ina donoM RddhiyoMke dhAraka AcAryoMko namaskAra kiyA hai 1. rAjendra abhidhAnakA 'ajjamaMga' zabda | 2. tiloya paNNattI 4 / 1480 | 3. 0 0 143 // 78: tIyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-parA

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1. 'Namo padANusArINaM / ' padAnusArI Rddhike dhArakoMko namaskAra ho / padAnusArI buddhike tIna bheda haiM-1. padAnusAro buddhi, 2 pratisArI buddhi aura 3. tadubhayasArI buddhi / jo buddhi bIjapadake apastana padoMko bIjapadasthita heturUpase jAnatI hai vaha padAnusArI buddhi hai| jo usake viparIta usase uparima padoMko hI jAnatI hai vaha pratisArI buddhi kAlAtI hai| jo ukta bIjapadale pAzrvabhAgoM meM sthita padoMko niyamase athavA binA niyama bhI jAnatI hai use tadubhayasArA buddhi kahate haiN| 2. Namo panjasamaNANaM' prazAzramaNoMko namaskAra ho / prajJA cAra prakArako hotI hai-1. autpattikI, 2. vainayiko, 3. karmajA aura 4. pAriNAmikI / jo pUrvajanmasambandhI cAra prakArako nirmalabuddhike balase vinayapUrvaka bAraha aMgoM kA avadhAraNa, paThana, zravaNa Adi karate haiM ve autAttikA prajJAzramaNa kahalAte haiN| cha: mAsake upavAsase kRza hote hue bhI apanI buddhike prabhAvase caudahapUrvoke viSayakA bhI uttara dete haiM tathA vinayapUrvaka bAraha aMgoMko par3hate haiM unheM venayikoprajJAzramaNa kahate haiN| paropadezase utpanna buddhi bhI vainayikI prajJA kahalAtI haiN| gurU upadezake binA tapazcaraNake prabhAvase jo buddhi utpanna hotI hai usakA nAma karmajA prajJA hai| jAtivizeSase utpanna huI buddhi pAriNAmikI kahalAtI hai| isa prakAra tiloyapaNatIke anusAra vajrayaza eka bar3e AcArya hue haiM, jo prajJAzramaNa Rddhike dhAraka the aura jinakA bar3I zraddhAse nAmollekha kiyA jAtA thaa| samaya-nirdhAraNa AcArya 'vanayaza' yA 'vairajasa' unakA ullekha karanevAle AcArya yati vRSabhake pUrvavartI haiN| cirantanAcArya cirantanAcAryakA ullakha jayaghavalATIkAmeM prApta hotA hai / isameM batAyA hai"bhedAmAvAdociraMtaNAiriyavakkhANaM pi etya appaNo paDhamapuDhavivakkhANasamANaM / " 1. vedanAkhaNDa, kRti anuyoga dvAra, sUtra 8 / 2. SaTvaNTAgama, vedanAkhaNDa, kRti anuyogadvAra, sUtra 18 / 3. jayaghavalA, bhAga 1, pu0 534 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 79

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arthAt ciraMtanAcAryakA vyAkhyAna prathama pRthvIke samAna hai / cirantanAcAryakA eka anya ullekha aura prApta hotA hai, jisameM unheM cirantana vyAkhyAnAcArya kahA gayA hai " saMpahi ciraMtaNavakkhANAiriyANamayAbahuaM vattaissAmI / "" inakA samaya vappadevAcAryase kucha pUrvaM honA caahiye| 'kasAyapAhuDa' para cUrNi sUtroMke pazcAt uccAraNavRtti-paddhati ke AdhAra para tumbalUrAcAryane SaTkhaNDAgamake prAraMbhika pA~ca khaNDoM para tathA kaSAyapAhuDa' para 84000 iloka pramANa cUr3AmaNi nAmako TIkA rcii| zAmakuNDAcAryaMne paddhati nAmaka TIkA 12000 zloka pramANa likhii| batAyA hai "caturavikAzItisahasragrantharacanAyA yuktAm | karNATabhASAkRta mahatI cUDAmaNi vyAkhyAm // ' "prAkRta saMskRta karNATabhASayA paddhatiH parA racitA // 3 // 3 cUrNasUtrakAra yativRSabha aura unako racanAe~ jayadhavalA TIkA nirdezAnusAra AcArya yativRSabhane AryamakSu aura nAgahastise kasAyapAhuDakI gAthAoM kA samyak prakAra adhyayanakara artha avadhAraNa kiyA aura kasAyapAhuDapara cUrNisUtroMkI racanA kii| jayadhavalAmeM vRttisUtrakA lakSaNa batAte hue likhA hai "suttasseva vivaraNAe saMkhittasadda yaNAe saMgahiyasuttAse satyAe vittisuttavavaesAdo / " arthAt jisakI zabdaracanA saMkSipta ho aura jisameM sUtragata azeSa arthokA saMgraha kiyA gayA ho aise vivaraNako vRttisUtra kahate haiM / jayadhacalATIka meM anekasthaloMpara yativRSabhakA ullekha kiyA hai| likhA hai"evaM jaibasahAiriyadesAmA siyasuttatthaparUvaNaM kAUNa saMpahi jaivasahAigyisUcidatyamuccAraNAe bhaNissAmo 14 arthAt yativRSabha AcArya dvArA likhe gaye cUNisUtroMkA avalambana lekara uktArtha prastuta kiyA gayA / 1. jayazvalA bhAga 1, pR0 532 / 2. indranandizrutAvatAra, padma 166 / 3. vahI, patha 164 // 4. kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 2, 10 14 / 80 : torthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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ina uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki yattivRSabhane cUNisUtroMkI racanA saMkSipta zabdAvalImeM prastuta kara mahAna arthako nibaddha kiyA hai| yadi AcArya yativRSabha cUrNisUtroMkI racanA na karate, so bahuta saMbhava hai ki kasAyapAhuDakA artha hI spaSTa na ho paataa| ata: digambara paramparAmeM cUrNisUtroMke prathama racayitA honeke kAraNa yativRSabhakA atyadhika mahattva hai| cUNisUtrakI paribhASApara SaTkhaNDAgamako dhavalATokAse bhI prakAza par3atA hai| vIrasena AcAyane SaTlaNDAgamake sUtroMko' bhI 'cuNNisutta' kahA hai| yahAM unhIM sUtroMko cUrNisUtra kahA hai jo gAthAke vyAkhyAnarUpa haiM / vedanAkhaNDameM kucha gAthAe~ bhI AtI haiM jo vyAkhyAnarUpa haiM / dhavalAkArane unheM cUrNisUtra kahA hai| dhavalAkArane yativRSabhAcAryake ghUrNisUtroMko vRttisUtra bhI kahA hai| vRttisUtrakA pUrvameM lakSaNa likhA jA cukA hai| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM cUrNipadako vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai-- atthabahulaM mahatthaM heu-nivAovasaragagaMbhIraM / bahupAyamavocchinnaM gaya-NayasuddhaM tu cuNNapayaM / / arthAt jisameM mahAn artha ho, hetu, nipAta aura upasargase yukta ho, gambhIra ho, anekapada samanvita ho, avyavacchinna ho aura tathyakI dRSTi se jo dhArApravAhika ho, use cUrNipada kahate haiM / bAzaya yaha hai ki jo tIrthaMkarakI divyadhvanise nissRta bIjapadoMkA arthodghATana karane meM samartha ho vaha cUrNipada hai| yathArthataH cUrNipadoMmeM bIjasUtroMko vivRttyAtmaka sUtra-rUpa racanA kI jAtI hai aura tathyoMko vizeSarUpameM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki zvetAmbara paramparAkI cUNiyoMse ina cUNisUtroMkI bolI aura viSayavastu bahuta bhinna hai| yativRSabha dvArA viracita cUrNisUtra kahalAte haiM, cUNiyA~ nhiiN| isakA artha yaha hai ki yativRSabhake cUNisUtroMkA mahattva 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI gAthAoMse kisI taraha kama nahIM hai| gAthAsUtroMmeM jina aneka viSayoMke saMketa upalabdha hote haiM, cUrNisUtroMmeM unakA udghATana milatA hai / ataH 'kasAyapAhuDa' aura cUNisUtra' donoM hI AgamaviSayakI dRSTise mahatvapUrNa hai| 1. edassa gAhAmuttassa vivaraNamAyeNa rcidtthvrimcunnnnisuptaado| -khaNDAmama, pustaka 12, pR0 41 / 2. abhidhAna rAjendra, caNapada / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 81

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AcArya vIrasena ke ullekhAnusAra cUrNisUtrakArakA mata 'kasAyapAhuDa' aura 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke mata ke samAna hI prAmANika evaM mahattvapUrNa hai / vi0 kI gyArahavIM zatAbdo meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravarttIne 'labdhisAra nAmaka grantha meM pahale yativRSabhake matakA nirdeza kiyA hai / tadanantara bhUtabalike matakA | isase spaSTa hai ki yativRSabha ke cUrNisUtra granthoMke samAna hI mahattvapUrNa aura upayogI the / yaha satya hai ki yativRSabhAcArya kA vyaktitva AgamavyAkhyAtAkI dRSTise atyadhika hai / inhoMne AnupUrvI, nAma, pramANa, baktavyatA aura arthAdhikAra ina pA~ca upakramoMko dRSTise sUtrarUpa arthAdghATana kiyA hai / yativRSabha vibhASAsUtra, avayavArtha evaM padacchedapUrvaka vyAkhyAna karate gaye haiM / cUrNisUtrakAra yativRSabhake vyaktitva meM nimnalikhita vizeSatAe~ upalabdha hotI haiM 1. yativRSabha AThaveM karmapravAdake jJAtA the / 2. nandisUtra ke pramANase ye karmaprakRtike bhI jJAtA siddha hote haiM / 3. AryamakSu aura nAgahastikA ziSyatva inhoMne svIkAra kiyA thA / 4. AtmasAdhaka honeke sAtha ye zrutArAdhaka haiM / 5. dhavalA aura jayadhavalAmeM bhUtabali aura yativRSabha ke matabheda parilakSita hote haiM / 6. vyaktitvako mahanIyatAko dRSTise yativRSabha bhUtabalike samakakSa hai| inake malokI mAnyatA sArvajanIna hai / 7. cUrNasUtroM meM yativRSabhane sUtrazailIko prativimbita kiyA hai| 8. paramparAse pracalita jJAnako AtmasAt kara cUrNi sUtroMkI racanA kI gaI hai| 9. yativRSabha AgamavettA to the, hI para unhoMne sabhI paramparAoMmeM pracalita upadezazailokA parijJAna prApta kiyA aura apanI sUkSma pratibhAkA cUrNi sUtroM meM upayoga kiyA | samaya-nirNaya cUrNisUtrakAra AcArya yativRSabhake samaya ke samvandha meM vicAra karanese jJAta hotA hai ki ye SaTkhaNDAgamakAra bhUtabalike samakAlIna athavA unake kucha hI uttaravartI haiM / kundakunda to inase avazya prAcIna hai / batAyA gayA hai ki pravacana vAtsalya se prerita hokara inhoMne guNagharake 'kasAyapAhuDa' para cUrNi - 82 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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sUtroM kI racanA kI / yativRSabhake grantho ke avalokanase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki inake samakSa SaTkhaNDAgama, lokavinizcaya, saMgAiNI aura lokavibhAga (prAkRta) jaise grantha vidyamAna the / ina pratthoM kA samyak adhyayanakara inhoM ne cUrNi sUtroM kI racanA kI / 'tiloyapaNNattI' meM - "jala sihare vikkhaMbho jalaNihiNo joyaNA dasasahassA / loyavibhAe viNi / / evaM saMgAiNie loyaviNicchaya-gaMdhe loyavibhAgammi savvasiddhANaM / ogAhaNa parimANaM bhaNidaM kiMcUNa carimadehasamo ||"" ina gAthAoM meM lokavibhAgakA ullekha AyA hai| yaha lokavibhAga pratya saMbhavataH AcAryaM sarvanandi dvArA viracita honA caahie| para yativRSamake samakSa yahI lokavibhAga thA, isakA koI nizcaya nahIM / lokAnuyogake pratya prAcIna hai aura saMbhavataH yativRSamake samakSa koI prAcIna lokavibhAga rahA hogA / ina sarvanandine kAJcIke rAjA siMhavarmAke rAjyake bAIsaveM varSa meM jaba zanizcara uttarASAr3hA nakSatra para sthita thA, bRhaspati vRSa rAzimeM aura candramA uttarAphAlgunI nakSatrameM avasthita thA; isa granthakI racanA kI / yaha grantha zaka saM0 380 ( vi0 saM0 515 ) meM pANarASTrake, pATalika grAmameM pUrA kiyA gayA / sarvanandike isa lokavibhAgakA nirdeza siMhasUryake saMskRta lokavibhAgakI prazasti meM pAyA jAtA hai / vaizve sthite ravisute vRSame ca jIveM rAjottareSu sitapakSamupetya candre | grAme ca pATalikanAmani pANarASTra zAstraM purA likhitavAn munisavaM nandI || saMvatsare tu dvAviMze kAJcIzaH siMhavarmaNaH / azItyagre zakAbdAnAM siddhametacchatatraye // isa prazastise AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArane yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki siMhasUrya kA yaha lokavibhAga sarvanandike prAkRta lokavibhAgakA anuvAdamAtra hai| unhoMne bhASAkA parivartana hI kiyA hai, maulika kucha nahIM likhA / para isa lokavibhAga ke adhyayanase ukta niSkarSa pUrNatayA nirbhrAnta pratIta nahIM hotA; 1. tiloyapaNNattI kI gAthAe~, purAtana jaina vAkya sUcI kI prastAvanA pR0 31 para udbhuta / 2. lokavibhAga, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, san 1962, 11 / 52-53 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 83

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kyoMki siMhasUryake prakAzita isa lokavibhAgameM 'tiloya paNNatto', 'harivaMza' evaM 'AdipurANa' Adi granthoMkA AdhAra bhI prApta hotA hai| saMskRta-loka vibhAgake paJcama vibhAga sambandhI 38 padyase 137vaM padyakA kula caudaha kulakaroMkA pratipAdana AdipurANake zlokoM yA zlokAMzoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra 'tiloyapaNNattI'kI apekSA bAtavalayoMke vistArameM bhI navInatA pradarzita kI gaI hai / 'tiloyapaNNattI' meMtInoM vAtavalayoMkA vistAra kramazaH 13, 16evaM 111 koza nirdiSTa kiyA hai| para siMhasUryane do koza, eka aura 1575 dhanuSa batalAyA hai| isI prakAra tiloyapaNNattI'meM jyotiSiyoM ke nagaroMkA bAhulya aura vistAra samAna kahA gayA hai, para isa granthameM usakA kathana nahIM kiyA hai / isa prakAra saMskRta lokavibhAgake antaraMga adhyayanase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prastuta grantha sarvanandike lokavibhAgakA anuvAdamAtra nahIM hai| yaha saMbhava hai ki sarvanandine koI lokavibhAga sambandhI grantha likhA ho aura usakA AdhAra grahaNakara siMhasUryane prastuta lokavibhAgakI rUparekhA nirdhArita kI ho / 'tiloyapaNNattI' meM 'saMgAiNI' aura 'lokavinizciya' jaise granthoMkA bhI nirdeza AyA hai| hamArA anumAna hai ki siMhasUryake lokavibhAgameM bhI "tiloyapaNNatto ke samAna hI prAcIna AcAryoMke matoMkA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| siMhasUryakA mudrita lokavibhAga vi0 saM0 ko gyArahavIM zatAbdokI racanA hai / ata: isake pUrva "tiloyapaNNattI'kA likhA jAnA svataH siddha hai| kucha logoMne yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki sarvanandike lokavibhAgakA racanAkAla bikramakI pA~cavIM zatAbdI hai| ataH yativRSabhakA samaya usake bAda honA cAhie / para isa sambandhameM hamArA vinamra abhimata yaha hai ki yativRSabhakA samaya itanI dUra taka nahIM rakhA jA sakatA hai| ___ AcArya yativRSabhane apane 'tiloyapaNNattI' granthameM bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANase lekara 1000 varSa taka hone vAle rAjAoMke kAlakA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH usake bAda to unakA honA saMbhava nahIM hai / vizeSAvazyakabhASyakAra zvetAmbarAcArya zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNane apane vizeSAvazyakabhASyameM cUrNisUtrakAra yativRSabhake Adeza-kaSAyaviSayaka matakA ullekha kiyA hai aura vizepAvazyakabhASyako racanA zaka saMvat 531 (vi0 saM0 666) meM honekA ullekha milatA hai| ataH yativRSabhakA samaya vi0 saM0 666 ke pazcAt nahIM ho sktaa| __AcArya yativaSabha pUjyapAdase pUrvavartI haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unhoMne apane sarvArthasiddhi granthameM unake eka matavizeSakA ullekha kiyA hai 84 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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"athavA yeSAM mate sAsAdana ekendriyeSu notpadyate tanmatApekSayA dvAdazabhAgA na dattA / " arthAt jina AcAryo ke matase sAsAdanaguNasthAnavattI jova ekaindriya jIvoMmeM utpanna nahIM hotA hai unake matakI apekSA 12 bhAga sparzanakSetra nahIM kahA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki sAsAdana guNasthAnavAlA maraNa kara niyamase devoMmeM utpanna hotA hai| yaha AcArya yativRSabhakA hI mata hai / labdhi. sAra-kSapaNAsArake kartA AcArya nemicandane spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai jadi pada sAsaNo so NinirinAmA pani NiyamAdevaM gacchadi jaivasahamuNiMdavayaNeNaM // arthAt AcArya yativRSabhake vacanAnusAra yadi sAsAdanaguNasthAnavartI jIva maraNa karatA hai to niyamase deva hotA hai| 'AcArya yativRSabhane cUrNisUtroMmeM apane isa matako nimna prakAra vyakta kiyA hai. 'AsANaM puNa gado jadi maradi, Na sakko Nirayagadi tiriSakhadi maNusagadi vA gaMtuM / NiyamA devagadi gacchadi 13 isa ullekhase spaSTa hai ki AcArya yativRSabha pUjyapAdake pUrvavartI haiM aura AcArya pUjyapAdake ziSya vacanandine vi0 saM0 526 meM draviDasaMghako sthApanA ko hai / ataeva yattivRSabhakA samaya vi0 saM0 526 se pUrva sunizcita hai| ___kitanA pUrva hai, yaha yahA~ vicAraNIya hai| guNadhara, AryamA aura nAgahastike samayakA nirNaya ho jAnepara yaha nizcitarUpase kahA jA sakatA hai ki yativRSabhakA samaya Aryamajha aura nAgahastise kucha hI bAda hai| __ Adhunika vicArakoMne "tiloyapaNNattI' ke kartA yativRSabhake samayapara pUrNatayA vicAra kiyA hai / paMDita nAthUrAma premI aura zrI jugalakizora mukhtArane yativRSabhakA samaya lagabhaga pAMcavIM zatAbdI mAnA hai| DAka e0 ena0 upAdhyene bhI prAya: isI samayako svIkAra kiyA hai| paM0 phUlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrIne vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIke saMskaraNakA adhyayana kara usakA racanAkAla vi. kI navIM zatAbdI svIkAra kiyA hai| para yathArthataH yattivRSabhakA samaya antaHsAkSyake AdhArapara nAgahastike thor3e anantara siddha 1. srvaarthsiddhi| 2. laghisAra-sapaNAsAra gAthA saMdhyA 346 / 3. kasAyapAhuDa, adhikAra 14, sUtra 544 / ataghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 85

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hotA hai| yativRSabhane tiloyapaNNattoke caturtha adhikArameM batAyA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrake nirvANa honeke pazcAt 3 varSa, ATha mAsa aura eka parake vyatIta honepara paJcama kAla nAmaka dudhama kAlakA praveza hotA hai| isa kAlameM vIra ni0 saM0683 taka kevalI, vatakevalo aura parvadhAriyoMkI paramparA calatI hai| vIra-nirvANake 471 ? varSa pazcAt zaka rAjA utpanna hotA hai| zakoMkA rAjyakAla 242 varSa batalAyA hai| isake pazcAt yativaSabhane guptoMke rAjyakAlakA ullekha kiyA hai| aura inakA rAjyakAla 255 varSa batalAyA hai / isameM 42 varSa samaya kalkikA bhI hai| isa prakaraNake AgevAlI gAthAoMmeM Andhra, gupta Adi napatiyoMke vaMzoM aura rAjyavarSoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / isa nirdezaparasa DA0 jyotiprasAdajIne niSkarSa nikAlate hue likhA hai-2 ___ 'AcArya yativRSabha I0 san 478, 483, yA I0 san 500 meM vartamAna rahate, jaisA ki anya vidvAnoMne mAnA hai, to ve guptavaMzake I0 san 431 meM samAptiko carcA nahIM krte| usa samaya (I0 san 414-455 I0) kumAragupta prathamakA zAsanakAla thA, jisakA anusaraNa usake vIra putra skandagupta (I0 455-467) ne kiyA / itihAsAnusAra yaha rAjavaMza 550 I0 san taka pratiSThita rahA hai| "tiloyapaNNatto' kI gAthAoM dvArA yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki guptavaMza 200 yA 176 I0 san meM prArambha huaa| yaha kathana bhI bhrAntimalaka pratIta hotA hai kyoMki isakA prArambha I0 san 319-320 meM huA thA 1 isa prakAra guptavaMzake lie kula samaya 231 varSa yA 255 varSa yathArtha ghaTita hotA hai| zakoMkA rAjya nizcaya hI vIra ni0 saM0461 (I0pa0 66) meM prAraMbha ho gayA thA aura yaha I0 san 176 taka vartamAna rhaa| I0 san 5vIM zatIkA lekhaka apane pUrvake nAma yA kAlake viSayameM bhrAnti kara sakatA hai; para samasA. mayika rAjavaMzoMke kAlameM isa prakArako bhrAnti saMbhava nahIM hai / ___ ataeva itihAsake Aloka meM yaha nissaMkoca mAnA jA sakatA hai ki "tiloyapaNNattI' kI 411474-1496 aura 41499-1503 tathA usake AgekI gAthAe~ kisI anya vyakti dvArA nibaddha ko gaI haiN| nizcaya hI ye gAthAeM I0 san 500 ke lagabhagako prakSipta haiN| ___ tiloyapaNNattI'kA prArambhika aMzarUpa saiddhAntika tathya mUlataH yativRSabhake haiM, jinameM unhoMne mahAvIra ni0 saM0 683 yA 703 (I0 san 156-176) 1. "NijyANagade dhIre causadaigisaTTivAsavicchede / jA do yasagarido rajja vaMsassa dusayabAdAlA / / " -tiloyapaNNattI 4 / 1503 / 2. '1'he Jaina sources of the history of Ancient India, P. 140-141. 86 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI mAcArya-paramparA

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takako sUcanAe~ dI haiM / 'tiloyapaNatto' ke anya aMzoMke adhyayanase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki yativRSabha dvArA viracita isa granthakA prastuta saMskaraNa kisI anya AcAryane sampAdita kiyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sampAdanakartAse itihAsa sambandhI kucha bhrAntiyA~ huI haiM / yativRSabhakA samaya zaka saM0 ke nirdezake AdhArapara 'tiloyapaNNattI ke AlokameM bhI I0 san 176 ke AsapAsa siddha hotA hai / __yativRSabha apane yugake yazasvo AgamajJAtA vidvAna the| I0 san sAtavoM zatIke tathA uttaravartI lekhakoMne inakI muktakaNThase prazaMsA kI hai| inake guruoMke nAmoM meM AryamakSa aura nAgahastiko gaNanA hai| ye donoM AcArya zvetA. mbara aura digambara paramparAodvArA mAnasase sammAnita the| AryamaMkSukA samaya I0 san prathama zatAbdo aura nAgahastikA samaya I0 san 100-150 taka mAnA gayA hai| yativRSabha nAgahastike antevAsI batAye gaye haiM / ataH yaha saMbhava hai ki 'cuNisUtroM ko racanAke pazcAt 'tiloyapaNNattI' ko racanA inhoNnekii| mathurAmeM saMcAlita sarasvatI-AndolanakA prabhAva inapara bhI rahA ho aura ye bhI I0 san 150-180 taka sammilita rahe hoM, to isameM koI Azcarya nhiiN| inhoMne grantharUpameM sarasvatIkA avataraNa kara paramparAko jovita rakhA hai| "tiloyapaNNattI' ke vartamAna saMskaraNameM bhI kucha aiso gAthAe~ samAviSTa haiM jo AcArya kundakundake anyoMmeM pAI jAtI haiM / isa samatAse bhI unakA samaya kundakundake pazcAt AtA hai| vicAraNIya prazna yaha hai ki yativRSabhake pUrva yadi 'mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhUta' kA jJAna samApta ho gayA hotA, to yativRSabhako karmaprakRtikA jJAna kisase prApta hotA ? ataH yativRSabhakA sthiti-kAla aisA honA cAhie, jisameM 'karmaprakRtiprAbhUta' kA jJAna avaziSTa rahA ho / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki 'SaTkhaNDAgama' aura 'kaSAyaprAbhUta' meM aneka tathyoMmeM matabheda hai aura isa matabhedako tantrAntara kahA hai / avalA aura jayadhavalAmeM bhUtabali aura yativRSabhake matabhedakI carcA AI hai| isase bhI yativRSabhako bhatabalise bahuta arvAcIna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| racanAeM nivivAdarUpase yativRSabhakI do hI kRtiyA~ mAnI jAtI haiM-1. 'kasAyapAhuDa' para racita 'cUNisUtra' aura 2. 'tiloypnnnntii| tiloyapaNNattIko antima gAthAmeM cUrNisUtrakA ullekha AyA hai / batAyA hai zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 87

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cuNNi sarUva TukkaraNa sarUvapamANa hoi kiM jattaM / aTu sahassapamANaM tilomapaNa tiNAmAe // . isase spaSTa hai ki 'tiloyapaNNattI' meM cUrNi sUtroM kI saMkhyA ATha hajAra mAnI hai / para indranandike 'zrutAvatAra' ke anusAra cUrNisUtroM kA parimANa chaH hajAra zloka pramANa hai; para isase yaha spaSTa nahIM hotA ki cUrNisUtra kitane the | jayavavalATokAse ina sUtroMkA pramANa jJAta kiyA jA sakatA hai / sUtrasaMkhyA nimna prakAra hai adhikAranAma preyodveSavibhakti prakRtivibhakti sthitivibhakti anubhAga vibhakti pradezavibhakti kSaNAkSaNAdhikAra sthityantika bandhaka prakRtisaMkramaNa sthitisaMkramaNa anubhAga saMkramaNa pradeza saMkramaNa sUtrasaMkhyA 112 129 X019 189 292 142 106 11 265 308 540 1740 3241 adhikAranAma vedaka upayoga sUtra saMkhyA 668 321 25 catuHsthAna vyaMjana 2 darzana mohopazAmanA 140 darzana mokSapaNA 128 saMyamAsaM yamalabdhi saMyamalabdhi 90 66 cAritramohopazAmanA 706 cAritra mohukSapaNA 1570 pazcima skandha 52 3068 kula 3241 + 3768- 7009 cUNisUtrakArane pratyeka padako bIjapada mAnakara vyAkhyArUpa meM sUtroM kI racanA kI hai| inhoMne arthabahula padoM dvArA prameyakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / AcArya vIrasena ke AdhArapara cUpisUtroMko sAta vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. utthAnikAsUtra - viSayako sUcanA dene vAle sUtra | 2. adhikArasUtra - anuyogadvArake Arambha meM likhe gaye adhikArabodhakasUtra / 3. zaMkA sUtra - viSaya ke vivecana karaneke hetu zaMkAoMko prastuta karane vAle sUtra | 1. ciloyapaNNattI, dusarI jilda, pR0 882, mAthA 77 / 88 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako mAcArya-paramparA

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wadi 4. pRcchAsUtra - vaktavyavizeSako jijJAsA prakaTa karane vAle sUtra / 5. vivaraNasUtra - viSayakA vivecana yA vyAkhyAna karanevAle sUtra / 6. samarpaNasUtra -- uccAraNAcAryoM dvArA vyAkhyAna karane ke hetu samarpita 7. upasaMhArasUtra -- prakRta vipayakA upasaMhAra karanevAle sUtra / 1. preyodveSa 2. prakRti- sthiti - anubhAga- pradeza-kSoNa-sthityantaka 3. bandhaka 1 cUrNisUtroMmeM prayukta 'bhaNiyantrA', 'vedavvA', 'kAyavvA', 'paraveyabbA' Adi pada isa bAta ke dyotaka haiM ki uccAraNAcArya isa prakAra ke padoMkA arthabodha karAte the / cUrNikAra yativRSabha jisa arthakA vyAkhyAna vistArabhayase nahIM kara sake unake vyAkhyAnakA dAyitva unhoMne uccAraNAcAryoM yA vyAkhyAnAcAryoM para chor3A hai| nizcayataH cUrNisUtrakArane 'kasAyapAhuDa' ke gambhIra arthako bar3e hI sundara aura grAhyarUpa meM nibaddha kiyA hai| gAthAsUtroMmeM jina aneka viSayoke saMketa diye gaye haiM unakA pratipAdana cUNisUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai / cUrNisUtrakArane apane svatantra mattakA bhI yatra tatra pratipAdana kiyA hai| inhoMne coNasUtra meM jina 15 arthAdhikAroMkA nirdeza kiyA hai, unameM guNadhara dvArA nirdiSTa arthAdhikAroMse antara pAyA jAtA hai / jayadhvalAmeM vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki guNadhara bhaTTArakake dvArA kahe gaye 15 adhikAroMke rahate hue ina adhikAroMko anyarUpa meM pratipAdana karane ke kAraNa guNadhara bhaTTAraka ke yativRSabha doSa- darzaka kyoM nahIM kahalAte ? vorasena svAmIneM likhA hai ki yativRSabhane guNadharAcAyaMke dvArA kahe gaye adhikAroMkA niSedha nahIM kiyA; kintu unake kathanako hI prakArAntarase vyakta kiyA hai / guNadhara dvArA kathita 15 adhikAroMkA artha yaha nahIM hai ki ye hI adhikAra ho sakate haiM, anya tarahase varNana nahIM ho sakatA / cUrNisUtrakArane nimnalikhita 15 adhikAroMkA kathana kiyA hai 4. saMkrama 5. udayAdhikAra 6. udIrNAdhikAra 7. upayogaMdhikAra 8. catuHsthAnAdhikAra 9. vyaJjanAdhikAra sUtra 10. darzanamohanIya upazamanAdhikAra 11. darzanamohanIyakSapaNAMdhikAra I zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 89

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12. dezavirati adhikAra 13. cAritramohanIya upazamanAvikAra 14. cAritramohanIyakSapaNAdhikAra 15. addhAparimANanirdezaka adhikAra 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI do gAthAoMmeM 15 adhikAroMke nAma Aye haiM / unakA antima pada 'addhAparimANaniddeso hai / kucha AcArya ise aparamANanirdeza pandra adhikAra mAnate haiM; kintu jina 180 gAthAoMmeM 15 adhikAroMke varNana karaneko pratijJA ko hai unameM baddhAparimANakA nirdeza karanevAlI cha: gAthAe~ nahIM AI haiM tathA 15 adhikAroMmeM gAthAoMkA vibhAga karate hue isa prakArakI koI sucanA bho nahIM dI gaI hai| isase avagata hotA hai ki guNadharAcAryako addhAparimANanirdeza adhikAra abhISTa nahIM thA, kintu yativRSabhane ise eka svatantra adhikAra mAnA hai / cUrNisUtroM ke adhyayanase jJAta hotA hai ki yativRSabhane 15 adhikAroMkA nirdeza karake bhI apane cUrNi sUtroMkI racanA guNadharAcAryake dvArA nirdiSTa adhikAroMke anusAra hI kI hai / yaha smaraNIya hai ki yativRSabhane adhikAra ke lie anuyogadvArakA prayoga kiyA hai / yaha Agamika zabda hai / ataeva unhoMne AgamazailI meM hI sUtroMkI racanA kara 'kasAyapAhuDa' ke viSayakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / cUrNisUtroM kA viSaya 'kasAyapAhuDa' kA hI viSaya hai, jisameM unhoMne rAga aura dveSakA viziSTa vivecana anuyogadvAroMke AdhArapara kiyA hai / tiloyapaNNatto : viSaya-vivezvana tiloya paNNatto' meM tIna lokake svarUpa, AkAra, prakAra, vistAra, kSetraphala aura yugaparivartana Adi viSayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgavaza jaina siddhAnta, purANa aura bhAratIya itihAsa viSayaka sAmagrI bhI nirUpita hai / yaha grantha 9 mahAdhikAroM meM vibhakta hai-- 1. sAmAnya jagatsvarUpa, 2. nArakaloka, 3. bhavanavAsaloka 4. manuSyaloka, 5. tiryakloka, 6. vyantaraloka, 7 jyotirloka, 8. suraloka aura 9. siddhaloka / ina nau mahAdhikAroMke atirikta avAntara adhikAroMkI saMkhyA 180 hai / dvitIyAdi mahAdhikAroMke avAntara adhikAra kramazaH 15, 24, 16, 16, 17, 17, 21, 5 aura 49 haiM / caturthaM mahAdhikArake jambUdvIpa, dhAtakIkhaNDadvIpa aura puSkaradvIpa nAmake avAntara adhikAroMmeMse pratyekake solaha-solaha antara adhikAra haiN| isa prakAra isa granthakA viSaya-vistAra atyadhika hai / 90 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra baura unako AcArya paramparA

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isa granthameM bhUgola aura khagolakA vistRta nirUpaNa hai| prathama mahAdhikArameM 283 gAthAe~ haiM aura tIna gadya-bhAga haiN| isa adhikArameM 18 prakArakI mahAbhASAeM aura 700 prakArako kSudra bhASAe~ ullikhita haiN| rAjagRhake vipUla, RSika vaibhAra, hinAbhara pANaDa nAgake 'koloM kA ullekha hai / dRSTibAdasUtrake AdhArapara trilokakI moTAI, caur3AI aura U~cAIkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / - dUsare mahAdhikArameM 367 gAthAe~ haiM, jinameM narakalokake svarUpakA varNana hai| tIsare mahAdhikArameM 243 gAthAeM haiN| inameM bhavanavAsI devoMke prAsAdoMmeM janmazAlA, abhiSekazAlA, bhaSaNazAlA, mathunazAlA, auSadhazAlA-paricaryAgRha aura mantrazAlA Adi zAlAoM tathA sAmAnyagRha, gabhaMgRha, kadalIgRha, citragaha, AsanagRha, nAdagRha evaM latAgRha AdikA varNana hai / azvatya, saptaparNa, zAlmali, jambU, vetasa, kadamba, priyaMgu, zirISa, palAza aura rAjadruma nAmake daza catyavRkSoMkA ullekha hai| caturtha mahAdhikArameM 2961 gAthAeM haiM / isameM manuSyalokakA varNana karate hue vijayArddhake uttara aura dakSiNa avasthita nagariyoMkA ullekha hai / ATha maMgaladravyoMmeM bhRgAra, kalaza, dapaMNa, vyajana, dhvajA, chatra, camara aura supratiSThake nAma Aye haiM / bhoga-bhUmimeM sthita daza kalpavRkSa, naranAriyoMke AbhUSaNa, sIthaMkaroMkI janmabhUmi, nakSatra AdikA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki mi, malli, mahAvIra, vAsupUjya aura pArzvanAtha kumArAvasthA aura zeSa tIrthakara rAjyake antameM dIkSita hue haiM / samavazaraNakA 30 adhikAroMmeM vistRta varNana hai / pAMcaveM mahAdhikArameM 321 gAthAe~ haiM / isameM gadya-bhAga bhI hai / jambUdvIpa, lavaNa samudra, dhAtakokhaNDa, kAloda samudra, puSkaravara dvIpa bAdikA vistAra sahita varNana hai / chaThe mahAdhikArameM 103 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM 17 antarAdhikAroMkA samAveza hai| inameM vyantaroMke nivAsa kSetra, unake adhikAra kSetra, unake bheda, cihna, utsedha, abadhijJAna AdikA varNana hai| sAta mahAdhikArameM 619 gAthAe~ haiM, jinameM jyotiSI devoMkA varNana hai| AThaveM mahAdhikArameM 703 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM vaimAnika devoMke nivAsa sthAna, Ayu, parivAra, zarIra, sukhabhoga AdikA vivecana hai| navama mahAdhikArameM siddhoMke kSetra, unakI saMkhyA, avagAhanA aura sukhakA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| madhyameM sUktigAthAe~ bhI prApta hotI haiN| yathA andho NivaDaI kUve bahiro Na suNedi sAdhu-uvadesaM / pecchaMto NisuNato Nirae jaM paDai saM cojjaM / / arthAt andhA vyakti kUpameM gira sakatA hai, badhira sAdhakA upadeza nahIM sunatA hai, to isameM AzcaryakI bAta nhiiN| Azcarya isa bAtakA hai ki jIva dekhatA aura sunatA huA narakameM jA par3atA hai| zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 91

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isa granthameM Aye hue gadya-bhAga dhavalAko gadyazailIke tulya haiM / gadyAMzoMse yaha niSkarSa nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki ye gadyAMza dhavalAse tiloyapaNNattI meM Aye haiM; balki tiloyapaNNantI'se hI ghayalAmeM pahu~ce haiM___ "esA tappAogAsaMkhejjarUvAhiyajaMbUdIvachedaNayasahidadIbasAyararUpamettarajjucchedapamANaparikkhAviho Na aNNa AhariobaesaparaMparANusAriNI kevalaM tu tiloyapaNNatisuttANusArijodisiyadevabhAgahArapaduppAidasuttAvalaMbijuttabaleNa payadagacchasAhaTThamamhehi parUvidA / " __ yA gadyAMza dhavalA sparzAnayogadgAra pR0 157 para bhI uddhRta hai| usameM 'esA ke sthAnapara 'amhehi rUpa pAyA jAtA hai 1 upayukta gadya bhAgameM eka rAjuke jitane arddhaccheda batalAye haiM unakI samatA tiloyapaNNatto'ke arddhacchedoMse nahIM hotI / isIpara mukhtAra sAhabakA anumAna hai ki dhavalAse yaha gadyAMza "tiloyapaNNatto' meM liyA gayA hai, para hameM aisA pratIta nahIM hotA / hamArA anumAna hai ki dhavalAkArake samakSa yativRSabhako 'tiloyapaNNattI' rahI hai, jisake AdhArapara yatkiJcit parivartanake sAtha 'tiloyapaNNatto'kA prastuta saMskaraNa nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| pativRSabhako anya racanAe~ paM0 horAlAlajI zAstroke' matAnusAra AcArya yativRSabhakI eka anya racanA 'kammapaDi' cUNi bhI hai / yativRSabhake nAmase karaNasUtroMkA nirdeza bhI prApta hotA hai, para Aja ina karaNasUtroMkA saMkalita rUpa prApta nahIM hai| uccAraNAcArya ___ uccAraNAcAryakA nirdeza kasAyapAhuDako jayadhavalA-TokAmeM aneka sthAnoM para AyA hai / maukhikarUpase calI AyI zrutaparamparAko zuddha uccarita rUpa banAye rakhaneke lie uccAraNako zuddhatApara vizeSa jora diyA jAne lgaa| bahuta dinoM taka uccAraNAcAryoMko yaha paramparA maukhika rUpameM calatI rhii| gAthAsUtroMkI racanA karake unake racayitA AcArya apane suyogya ziSyoMko una sUtroMke dvArA sUcita artha ke uccAraNa karanekI vidhi aura vyAkhyAna karanekA prakAra batalA dete the, aura ve loga jijJAsu janoMko zuru-pratipAdita vidhise una gAthAsUtroMkA uccAraNa aura vyAkhyAna kiyA karate the| isa prakArake gAthAsUtroMke 1. kasAyapAhuDasutta cUNisUtrasamanvita, bIrazAsana saMgha kalakasA, 1955, prastA vanA, pu0 38 92 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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uccAraNa va vyAkhyAna karanevAle AcAryoMko uccAraNAcArya va vyAkhyAnAcArya kahA jAne lagA / javalA aneka sthAnoM para uccAraNAcArya nAmake vyakti vizeSakA ullekha AyA hai / isa ullekhake adhyayanase avagata hotA hai ki uccAraNAcAryane yativRSabha dvArA racita cUrNisUtroM kI vizeSa uccAraNavidhi aura vyAkhyAnakA pravartana kiyA hai| likhA hai - "saMpahi madabuddhijaNAguggahaTTamuccAraNa : iriyamuhviNiggayamUlAyaDivivaraNaM bhaNissAmA / "" arthAt mUlaprakRti vibhaktike viSayameM ATha anuyogadvAra haiN| AcArya yativRSabhane sugama hone ke kAraNa ATha arthAdhikAroMkA vivaraNa nahIM kiyA, para maMdabuddhijanoM ke upakAra hetu uccAraNAcAryaMke mukha se * hue mUlate haiM, sarakIrtanA, sAdi vibhakti, anAdivibhakti, dhruvavibhakti, adhruva vibhakti, ekajIvakI apekSA svAmitva, kAla aura antara tathA nAnA jIvoMkI apekSA bhaMgavicaya, bhAgAbhAga, parimANa, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpa-bahutvakA nirdeza kiyA jAyegA / spaSTa hai ki yatidRSabhAcAryane apane cUrNisUtroM meM jina sugama tathyoMkI vivaraNavRtti nahIM likhI hai, unakA spaSTIkaraNa uccAraNAcAryane kiyA hai / uccAraNAcArya aura yativRSabhAcArya viSaya nirUpaNa meM bhI yatra-tatra antara dikhalAyI par3atA hai / isa antarakA samAdhAna vIrasena svAmIne vibhinna nayoMkI apekSA kiyA hai| batAyA hai - "uccAraNAiriehi mUlapayaDivihatIe atyAhiyArA jaivasahAiriyega aThTheba atyAhiyArA parUvidA / kathamedesi donhaM vakkhANANaM Na viroho ? Na, pajjavadviya-dabbuTTiyaNayAvalaMbanAe virohAbhAvAdo / " arthAt uccAraNAcAryane mUlaprakRtivibhaktike viSayameM sabaha arthAdhikAra kahe haiM, aura yativRSabhAcAryane ATha ho arthAdhikAra batalAye haiM / ataeva ina donoM vyAkhyAnoM meM virodha kyoM nahIM AtA ? paryAyArthikanaya aura dravyArthikanayakA avalambana karane para una donoMmeM koI virodha nahIM hai / yativRSabhakA kathana dravyAdhika nayakI apekSAse hai aura uccAraNAcAryakA paryAyArthika nayakI apekSAse / isI prakAra yativRSabhAcAryane gyAraha anuyogadvAra aura uccAraNAcAryane caubIsa anuyogadvAra batalAkara mohanIyavibhaktivAle jIvoM kA vivecana kiyA hai / isa sandarbha meM bhI yativRSabhAcArya aura uccAraNAcArya ke kathanameM koI 1. jayaghavalAsahita kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 2, pR0 23 / 2. jayaSavalAsahita kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 2, pR0 22 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArtha : 93

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virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki yativRSabhAcAryakA kathana dravyArthika nayako apekSAse hai aura uccAraNAcAryakA paryAyAthikanayakI apekSAse / ' __yativaSabhAcArya aura uccAraNAcAryake kathanameM kaI sthAnoM para matabheda hai| yativaSabhake do upadeza haiM, unameMse kRtakRtyavedaka jIva maraNa nahIM karatA hai / isa upadezakA Azraya lekara-bAvIsAe vittIo ko hodi' satra pravRtta hA hai| isalie manuSya ho bAIsa prakRtika sthAnake svAmI hote haiM, yaha bAta siddha hotI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki kRtakRtya vedaka jIva yadi kRtakRtya honeke prathama samayameM maraNa karatA hai to niyamase devoMmeM utpanna hotA hai| kintu jo kRtakRtyavedaka jIva nArako, tithaMca aura manuSyoM meM utpanna hotA hai, vaha niyamase antamahattaM kAlataka kRtakRtyavedaka hI rahakara maratA hai, aisA yativRSabha dvArA kahe gaye cUrNi-sabase jAnA jAtA hai| parantu uccAraNAcArya ke upadezAnusAra 'kRtakRtya-vedaka-samyagdRSTi jIva' nahIM hI maratA hai, aisA niyama nahIM hai, kyoMki uccAraNAcAryane cAroM hI gatiyoMmeM bAIsa prakRtika vibhakti sthAnakA sattva svIkAra kiyA hai| isa prakAra jayadhavalA TIkAmeM Aye hue yativaSabha aura uccAraNAcAryake mata-vaividhyoMse yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki uccArAcAya kI uccArAvRti milanora avazya hI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dhavalA TokAmeM uccAraNAcAryakA mata jahA~ tahA~ dikhalAyI par3atA hai| niHsandeha uccAraNAcArya siddhAntagrantha, unakI uccAraNavidhi evaM unakI vyAkhyAnaprakriyAse paricita the| AyaMmakSa aura nAmahastise jJAna prAptakara yativRSabhane cUNisUtroMkA praNayana kiyA, aura uccAraNAcAryane yativRSabha dvArA santrita arthako paryAyAthikanayako apekSAse vivRta kiyA hai| dhavalA-TIkAmeM Aye hue uccAraNAcAyake matoMse yaha spaSTa vyaJjita hotA hai ki uccAraNAcArya kasAyapAhuDake marmajJa the| unhoMne uccAraNakI vidhiyoMkA hI prarUpaNa nahIM kiyA hai, apitu arthokA maulika vyAkhyAna evaM gAthAsUtroMmeM nihita tattvakA sphoTana bhI kiyA hai| uttacAraNAcAryakA samaya-nirdhAraNa yativRSabha dvArA sUcitta arthakA vyAkhyAna karaneke kAraNa uccAraNAcAryakA samaya yativRSabhake pazcAt honA cAhiye / dhavalA-TIkAmeM likhA hai-"saMpahi jaivasahAiriyasUidANa dANhamatyAhiyArANamuccAraNAriyaparUvidamuccAraNa vattaissAmo'' evaM cugiNasuttodha parUviya saMpahi jahaNNAjahaNNaTThidINaM kAla. 1. jayapavalA sahita kapAyApAhuha, bhAga 2, pR0 81 / 2. jayaghavalA sahita kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 2, pR0 425 / 94 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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parUvaNaTTamuccAraNAiriyavakkhANaM bhnnissaamo|" arthAt parivAra dvArA kie kAmAgAdhArI pakSAmAna kiyA hai / cUNisutrakI apekSA odhakA kathana karake jaghanya aura ajaghanya sthitiyoMke kAlAnusAra uccAraNAcArya dvArA abhimata vyAkhyAna karate haiM / __ isa kathanage do tathya niHsRta hote haiN| prathama yaha ki yattivRSabhake pazcAt unavAraNAcAryane apanI vyAkhyA upasthita kii| dUsarA yaha ki yativRSabhake cUrNisUtroMke AdhArapara uccAraNAcAryane apanA vyAkhyAna aMkita kiyA / isase yaha abagata hotA hai ki uccAraNAcAryakA samaya yativRSabhake pazcAt athavA unake samakAlIna hai| yativRSabhakA samaya I0 san kI dvitIya zatI hai| ataeva uccAraNAcAryakA samaya bhI I0 sana kI dvitIya zatIkA aMtima pAda athavA tRtIya zatIkA prathama pAda saMbhava hai| bappadevAcArya ____ zrutadharAcAryoM meM zubhanandi, ravinandi aura vApadevAcAryake nAma bhI Ate haiM / zubhanandi aura ravinandi nAmake do AcArya atyanta kuzAgrabuddhike hue haiM / inase bappadevAcAryane samasta siddhAntagranthakA adhyayana kiyaa| yaha adhyayana bhImarathi aura kRSNAmekha nadiyoMke madhya meM sthita utkalikAgrAmake samIpa magaNavalli grAmameM huA thA | bhImarathi kRSNAnadIkI zAkhA hai aura inake bIcakA pradeza aba belagAMva yA dhAravADa kahalAtA hai / vappadevAcAyaMne yahIMpara ukta donoM guruoMse siddhAntakA adhyayana kiyA hogaa| isa adhyayanake pazcAt unhoMne mahAbandhako chor3a zeSa pA~ca khaNDoMpara vyAkhyAprajJaptinAmako TIkA likhI hai aura chaThe stuNDakI saMkSipta viti bhI likhI hai| ina chahoM khaNDoMke pUrNa ho jAneke pazcAt unhoMne kaSAyaprAbhUtako bhI TIkA racI / ukta pA~coM khaNDoM aura kaSAyaprAbhutakI TokAkA parimANa 60000 aura mahAbandhako TIkAkA 5 adhika 8000 batAyA jAtA hai| ye sabhI racanAeM prAkRta bhASAmeM kI gayI thIM | indranandine apane zrutAvatArameM likhA hai evaM vyAkhyAnakramamavAptavAn paramaguruparamparayA / Agacchan siddhAnto dvividho'yatinizitavaddhibhyAm // zubha-ravinandimunibhyAM bhImarathi-kRSNa mekhayoH saritoH / madhyamaviSaye ramaNIyotkalikAnAmasAmIpyam / / 1. jayapabalA sahita kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 3, pR0 292 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 95

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vikhyAtamagaNavallIgrAme'tha vizeSarUpeNa / zrutvA tayozca pAveM tamazeSa vappadevaguruH / / apanoya mahAbandha SaTkhaNDAccheSapaMcakhaMDe tu / vyAkhyAprati ca SaSThaM khaMDaM ca tataH sakSipya !! SaNAM khaDAnAmiti niSpannAnAM tathA vaSAyAkhya- / prAbhUtakasya ca SaSThisahasragranthapramANayutAm / / likhaprAkRtabhASArUpAM samyakyurAtanavyAkhyAm / aSTasahasragraMthAM vyAkhyAM paJcAdhikA mahAbandhe / / ina padyoMmeM prAkRtabhASArUpa purAtana ghyAkhyA likhanekA nirdeza AyA hai / dvitIya padyameM gahaoke nAma diye gaye haiN| batAvatArake AgevAle padyoMke adhyayanase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki vyAkhyAprajJaptiko milAkara cha: khaNDa kiye gaye the| SaTakhaNDoMmeMse mahAbandhako pRthaka kara zeSa pA~ca khaNDoMmeM vyAkhyAprajJatiko milAkara vappaSoM pakhaNDa vipanna kiye gamagara hakA niArI / vIrasena svAmone ukta SaTanaNDoMmeMse vyAkhyAprajJaptiko prApta kara satkarma nAmaka chaThe khaNDako milAkara chaH khaNDoMpara dhavalA TIkA likhI hai| yaha satkarma 15vIM pustaka meM prakAzita hai| isapara satkarmapaMjikA bhI hai, jo usIke sAtha pariziSTa rUpameM prakAzita hai| isake prArambhameM paMjikAkArane likhA hai ki mahAkarmapravRtiprAbhUtake cauvIsa anuyoga haiM, unameMse kRtti aura vedanAkA vedanAkhaNDameM aura sparza, karma prakRtikA vargaNAkhaNDameM kathana kiyA hai| bandhana anuyogadvAra bandha, bandhanIya, bandhaka aura bandhavidhAna ina cAra avAntara anuyogadvAroM meM vibhakta hai| inameMse bandha aura bandhanIya adhikAroM kI prarUpaNA vagaMNAkhaNDameM, bandhana adhikArako prarUpaNA khuddAvandhaka nAmaka dUsare khaNDameM aura bandhavidhAnakA kathana mahAbandha nAmaka chaThe khaNDameM hai / zeSa 18 anuyogadvAroMkI prarUpaNA mUla SaT khaNDAgamameM nahIM hai / kintu AcArya vIrasenane vargaNAkhaNDake antima satrako dezAvamarzaka mAnakara, usakI prarUpaNA dhavalAke anta meM ko hai| usokA nAma satkarma hai| isakA jJAna unhoMne ailAcAryase prApta kiyA thA | dhavalAke adhyayanase aisA jJAta hotA hai ki vyAkhyApraznapti prAkRtabhASArUpa purAtana vyAkhyA rahI hai / yaha vappadeva dvArA likhita nahIM hai| isa kathanako siddhi samyakapurAtanapada dvArA hoto hai| isa padakA artha hai paryApta prAcIna 1 ataH samyakapurAtanako vyAkhyAprAptikA vizeSaNa mAnanepara yaha prAcIna vyAkhyA siddha ho jAtI hai / SaTkhaNDAgamameM Aye hue matabhedase bhI ukta tathya puSTa hotA 1. inadi zrutAvatAra, pada 171-176 / 96 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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hai - "edeNa viyAhapaNNattisutteNa saha kathaM Na viroho ? Na edamhAdo tassa puvabhUdassa AiriyameeNa bhedamAvaNNassa eyattAbhAvAdo "" isa vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtrake sAtha virodha kyoM nahIM hai ? AcAryabhedase bhinnatA honeke kAraNa ina donoM meM ekatva nahIM ho sakatA / isa kathana meM vyAkhyAprajJaptike vacanoMko sUtra kahA hai aura AcArya bhedase bhinna kahA hai | ataH yaha vyAkhyAprajJapti vicAraNIya hai / sambhavataH yaha vahI ho, jisakA indranandine ullekha kiyA hai aura jo vIrasena svAmIko prApta thii| AcArya akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavArtika meM bhI do sthaloMpara 2/49/8 aura 4/26 15 meM vyAkhyAprajJaptidaNDakakA ullekha kiyA hai aura donoM hI sthAnoMmeM SaTkhaNDAgamase usakA bheda vatalAyA hai / ataeva hamArA anumAna hai ki vyAkhyAprajJapti anya kisI AcAryakI kRti hai, vappadevakI nahIM / vappadevane vyAkhyAprajJaptiko jor3akara SaTkhaNDoMpara apanI TIkA likhI hai| yaha satya hai ki vamyadeva siddhAntaviSayaka sarva vidvAna the| samaya- vicAra aurdevakA samaya vIrasena svAmIke pUrva hai / vIrasenAcArya ke samakSa vappadevakI vyAkhyA vartamAna tho / vIrasenakA samaya DaoN0 horAlAlajoke matAnusAra I0 san 816 hai, ataH isake pUrva bappadevakA samaya sunizcita hai / vappadevane zubhanandi aura ravinandise AgamagranthoMkA adhyayana kiyA hai aura ina donoM AcAya kI prAcInatA zrutadharoMke rUpameM prasiddha hai| elAcAryakA samaya I0 san 766-776 hai, aura inase pUrva vappadevakA samaya honA caahie| isa kramase hama yativRSabha aura AryamakSu-nAgahastike samakAlIna vappadevako mAna sakate haiM / saMkSepa meM pade kA samaya 5 vIM - 6 vIM zatI hai / auravakA vaiduSpa aura pratibhA cappadevakI racanA koI bhI upalabdha nahIM hai| dhavalA evaM jayadhavalAmeM inake nAmase jo uddharaNa Ate haiM, unase inake vaiduSyapara prakAza par3atA hai / SaTasianmeM inakA yatra-tatra ullekha hai / ataeva AcAryake rUpameM tappa devapratiSThita hai / jayadhavalA meM inakI matabhinnatAkA ullekha karate hue kahA hai 'caNNisutam vappadevAiriyalihiduccAraNAe aMto muhuttamiti bhaNido / amhehi tihiduccAraNAe puNe jaha0 egasamayo ukka0 saMkhejjA samayAtti 1. 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, pu0 10, pR0 238 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 97

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parucido' / ' uccAraNasambandhI isa matabhedase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya vappadevake abhimatakA pracAra pRthak rUpameM vartamAna thA / vappadevakI jina siddhAntoMmeM matabhinnatA vattaMmAna thI, usakA nirdeza yathAsthAna jayadhavalA aura dhavalATIkA meM prApta hai| AcArya kundakunda aura unakA sAhitya zrutavara AcAryoMkI paramparAmeM kundakundAcAryakA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai / inakI gaNanA aise yugasaMsthApaka AcArya ke rUpa meM kI gayI hai, jinake nAmase uttaravartI paramparA kundakunda - AmnAyake nAmase prasiddha huI hai| kisI bhI kAryake prArambhameM maMgalarUpameM inakA stavana kiyA jAtA hai| maGgalastavanakA prasiddha padma nimna prakAra hai-- maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro maGgalaM gautamo gaNI | maMgale kukundA caiva maMgalam // jisaprakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra, gautama gaNadhara aura jainadharma maGgalarUpa haiM, usI prakAra kundakunda AcArya bhI / ina jaisA pratibhAzAlI adhyAtma aura dravyAnuyogake kSetrameM prAyaH dUsarA AcArya dikhalAI nahIM par3atA / inakI racanAoMse inake jIvana-vRtta ke sambandhameM kucha bhI nizcita jAnakArI prApta nahIM hotI / inhoMne 'vArasaaNuvekkhA' grantha meM apane nAmakA nirdeza kiyA hai / likhA hai -- idi Nicchaya-cavahAraM jaM bhaNiye kundakunda muNiNAhe / jo bhAva suddhamaNo so pAvadda parabhaNivvANaM // 'isa prakAra kundakunda munirAjane nizcaya aura vyavahArakA avalambana lekara jo kathana kiyA hai, usakI zuddha hRdayase jo bhAvanA karatA hai vaha paramanirvANako prApta kara letA hai / ' spaSTa hai ki 'vArasaaNuvekkhA' meM kundakundake nAmakA ullekha milatA hai / kundakundake TIkAkAra jayasena aura zrutasAgarasUrine bhI kundakundakI racanAe~ batalAtI haiM / bodhapAhuDa meM kundakundane apane gurukA nAma bhadrabAhu batalAyA hai | gAthAe nimna prakAra haiM 1. jayaghavalATIkA, pR0 185 / 2. vA esa aNuvekkhA, gAyA 91, kundakunda bhAratI saMskaraNa / 98 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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saviyAro huna mAsAttesujaM jiNeM kahiye / so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNa ya bhaddabAssa || vArasAMgaviyANa caudasapuNyaMgavi ulavittharaNaM / suyaNANi maddadbAhU gamayagurU bhayavao jayao' // arthAt kundakundane apaneko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA ziSya kahA hai| indranandine apane zrutAvatAra meM 'kasAyapAhUDa' aura SaTkhaNDAgama' nAmaka siddhAntagranthoMkI racanAkA itivRtta aMkita karaneke pazcAt likhA hai ki ye donoM siddhAntagrantha kINDakundapura meM padmanandimuniko prApta hue aura unhoMne SaTkhaNDa: gamake prathama tIna khaNDoMpara sATha hajAra zloka pramANa 'parikarma' nAmaka granthako racanA kii| darzanasAra meM devasenane bhI AcArya padmanandikI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai jai paumanaMdiNAho sImaMdharasAmidivvaNANeNa / Na vibohai to samaNA kahaM sumaggaM payAti // 3 arthAt padmanandi svAmIne sImandhara svAmIse divyajJAna prAptakara anya muniyoMko prabodhita kiyaa| yadi ve isa prabodhana kAryako na karate to zramaNa kisa prakAra sumArgako prApta kundakundake granthoMke do AcArya TIkAkAra haiM- amRtacandra aura jayasena | amRtacandra ne apane mUlagranthakarttAki sambandhameM kucha bhI nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai| para jayasenane likhA hai- "nandi jayavanta hoM, jinhoMne mahAtattvoMkA kathana karanevAle samaya prAbhRtarUpI parvatako buddhi uddhAra karake bhavyajIvoMko arpita kiyA / "" 5. paJcAstikAya kI" TIkA prArambha karate hue bhI jayasenane kundakundakA 4 1. ghoSapAhuDa, gAthA 60-61, kundakunda bhAratI saMskaraNa | 2. zrutazvasAra, padya 160-161. 3. darzanasAra, gAthA 43. 4. jayau risipajamaNaMdI jeNa mahAtacca pAhuDa selo / buddhisi reNuddhario samapio bhavyaloyassa || samayasAra, syAdvAdAvikAra, ahiMsA-mandira prakAzana 1, dariyAgaMja, dillI-6 TIkAkA antima pakSa paJcAstikAya, jayasenaTIkA 'athazrIkumAranandi siddhAntadeva ziSye prathama puSTha, anthArambha ! zrutathara aura sArasvatAcArya : 99

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aparanAma padmanandi batAyA hai| inake ullekhAnusAra kundakunda kumAranandi siddhAntadevake ziSya the| jayasenane TIkAke prArambhameM kundakundake pUrva videhameM jAneko kathAkI ora bhI saMketa karate hue likhA hai ki inhoMne pUrvavidehameM vItarAga sarvajJa sImandhara svAmIke darzana kiye the / aura unake mukhakamalase nissRta divyavANIko sunakara adhyAtmatattvakA sAra grahaNa kara ve vApasa lauTa Aye the| unhoMne antastattva aura bAhyasattvakI mukhyatA evaM gauNatAkA jJAna karAneke liye zivakumAra mahArAja Adi saMkSepa rucivAle ziSyoMke prativodhanArtha paJcAstikAyaprAbhRta zAstrako racanA kI / kundakundake jIvanavRtta evaM vyaktitvake sambandhameM abataka prApta sUcanAoMmeM aisI do kathAe~ prApta haiM, jinase unake jIvanapara prakAza par3atA hai| kathAoMmeM kitanA aMza satya aura tathya hai, yaha to nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, para itanA spaSTa hai ki kundakunda adhyAtmazAstrake mahAna praNetA evaM yugasaMsthApaka AcArya the| prathama kathA brahmanemidatta viracita ArAdhanAkayAkoSameM zAstradAnake phalasvarUpa AI hai| dUsarI kathA 'jJAnaprabodha' nAmaka anyameM AI hai, jisakA prakAzana paM0 nAthUrAma jI premIne jaina hitaiSImeM kiyA thaa| kathA meM batAyA hai ki mAlaca dezake bArAMpura nagarameM kumudacandra nAmakA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usako rAnIkA nAma kumudacandrikA thA / isa rAjAke rAjyameM kundazreSTho apanI patnI kundalatAke sAtha nivAsa karatA thaa| inake kundakunda nAmakA putra utpanna huaa| yaha zizu kauzavase hI gaMbhIra, cintanazIla aura pratibhAzAlI thaa| jaba yaha gyAraha varSakA thA, usa samaya nagarake udyAnameM eka munirAja aaye| unakA upadeza sunaneke lie nagarake naranArI ekatra hue 1 kundakunda bhI usameM sammilita huA thA | manirAjakA upadeza sunakara virakta ho gayA aura digambara dIkSA grahaNa kara muni bana gyaa| 33 varSakI avasthAmeM inheM AcArya-pada milaa| inake gurukA nAma jinacandra batAyA gayA hai / eka dina AcArya kundakunda AgamagranthoMkA svAdhyAya kara rahe the ki unake manameM eka zaMkA utpanna hii| ve dhyAnamagna ho gaye aura videha kSetrameM sthita sImandharasvAmIke prati ekAgra hue| sImandharasvAmIne 'saddharmavRddhirastu' kahakara AzIrvAda diyA / samavazaraNameM sthita vyaktiyoMko isa AzIrvAdako sunakara 1. jaina hitaiSI, bhAraH 10, pR0 369. 100 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bar3A Azcarya huA aura unhoMne jijJAsA prakaTa kI ki Apane kisako AzIrvAda diyA hai ? uttarameM batAyA gayA ki bharatakSetrameM sthita kundakunda muniko AzIrvAda diyA hai| vahA~para kundakundake pUrvajanmake cAraNaRddhidhArI do mitramuni upasthita the| ve vArAMpUra gaye aura vahA~se AkAzamArga dvArA kundakundako le aaye| bAkAzamArgameM jAte samaya unako mayarapiccho gira gaI aura unhoMne guddhapicchose apanA kAma para sandakunda nahIM eka kahA rahe aura apanI zaMkAkA samAdhAna kiyaa| lauTate samaya ve apane sAtha eka tantramantrakA grantha bhI lAye the, kintu vaha mArgameM lavaNasamudrameM gira gyaa| kundakundane bharatakSetrameM apanA dhArmika upadeza prArambha kiyA aura inake sahasroM anuyAyI ho gaye | tatpazcAt girinAra parvatapara zvetAmbaroMke sAtha unakA vivAda ho gayA aura vahAMkI brAhmI devIke mukhase yaha kahalavAyA gayA ki digambara nirgrantha mArga hI saccA hai / unhoMne apanA AcAryapada apane ziSya umAsvAti. ko pradAna kiyA aura sallekhanApUrvaka zarIra tyAga kiyA / ___ 'jJAnaprabodha' ko isa kathAkA parIkSaNa karanepara avagata hotA hai ki 'jambUdIvapaNaso' ke kartA padAnandiko kundakundase abhinna samajhakara unakA sthAna bArAMpuranagara batAyA hai / mAtA-pitAke nAma kundalatA aura kundazreSThi bhI kalpita pratIta hote haiN| videhagamanako kathA ho pahalese pracalita thI use bhI jor3akara prAmANikatA lAnekA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai / ___ kundakundake jIvana-paricayake sambandhameM vidvAnoMne sarvasammatise jo svIkAra kiyA hai usake AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye dakSiNa bhAratake nivAsI the| inake pitAkA nAma karmaNDu aura mAtAkA nAma zrImatI thaa| inakA janma 'koNDakundapura' nAmaka sthAnameM huA thA / isa gA~vakA dUsarA nAma kurUmaraI' bhI kahA gayA hai / yaha sthAna pedathanADu nAmaka jilemeM hai| kahA jAtA hai ki karmaNDudampatiko bahuta dinoM taka koI santAna nahIM huI / anantara eka tapasvI RSiko dAna deneke prabhAvase putraratnakI prApti huI, jisakA nAma Age calakara grAmake nAmapara kundakunda prasiddha huaa| bAlyAvasthAse ho kundakunda pratibhAzAlI the| inakI vilakSaNa smaraNazakti aura kuzAgra buddhika kAraNa granyAdhyayanameM inakA adhika samaya vyatIta nahIM huaa| yuvAvasthAmeM inhoMne dIkSA grahaNakara AcArya-pada prApta kiyaa| kundakundakA vAstavika nAma kyA thA, yaha abhI taka vivAdagrasta hai| dvAdazaanuprekSAkI antima gAthAmeM usake racayitAkA nAma kundakunda diyA haA hai / jayasenAcAyane samayasArakI TIkAmeM pacanandikA jayakAra kiyA hai| indra zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 101

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nandine bhI apane bhUtAvatAra meM kauNDa pacanaki nirdeza kiyA hai ? zravaNabelagolake zilAlekha naM0 40 meM tathA 42 43 47 aura 50 veM abhilekha meM bhI ukta kathana punarAvRtta huA hai| likhA hai tasyAnvaye bhU-vidite babhUva yaH padmanandiprathamAbhidhAnaH / zrIkaNDakundAdi munIzvarAkhyassatsaMyamAdudgata cAraNaddhaH // spaSTa hai ki inakA padmanandi nAma thA / para ve janmasthAnake nAmapara kundakundanAmase adhika prasiddha hue / kundakundake SaTprAbhUtoMke TIkAkAra zrutasAgarane pratyeka prAbhUtake anta meM jo puSpikA aMkita kI hai usameM inake padmanandi, kundakunda, cakragrIva, elAcArya aura gRddhapiccha ye nAma diye haiM / jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 1 kiraNa 4 meM zaka saM0 1307 kA vijayanagarakA eka abhilekhAMza prakAzita hai, jisameM likhA hai "AcAryaH kundakundAkhyo vakragrIvo mahAmuniH / elAcAryoM guddhapiccha iti tannAma paMcadhA // " padmanandi, kundakunda vakragrIva, elAcArya aura gRddhapiccha ye pA~ca nAma kundakundake batAye haiM / DA0 hArnalene digambara paTTAvaliyoMke sambandhameM eka nibandha likhA thA, jisameM unhoMne kundakundake pA~ca nAma batAye the / ataH itanA spaSTa hai ki kundakundake do nAmoMkI pravRtti to nissaMdeha rahI hai| para zeSa tIna nAmoMke sambandha meM vivAda hai| zilAlekhoMse tathA anya pramANoMse na to vakrIva aura na elAcArya yA gRddhapiccha nAma kI hI siddhi hotI hai| vakra grIvakA ullekha I0 san 1125 ke 493 saMkhyaka abhilekhameM draviDa saMgha aura agalAnvaya ke AcAryoMkI nAmAvalI meM AtA hai; kintu usameM unake sambandhameM koI vivaraNa prApta nahIM hotA / 1129 60 ke zravaNabelagolAbhilekha naM0 54 meM vakragrIva nAma AyA hai, para isa abhilekhase yaha kundakundakA nAmAntara hai, aisA siddha nahIM hotA / zravaNabelagolake abhilekha naM0 305 meM samantabhadra aura pAtrakesarI ke pazcAt vakragrovakA nAma AyA hai aura inheM pramila saMghakA agresara kahA hai / isI prakAra abhilekha naM0 347 aura 319 meM bhI vakragrIvakA nAma aMkita hai, para ina sabhI abhilekhoMse kundakunda ke sAtha vakrapraudakA sambandha nahIM siddha hotA / zravaNabelagolake zilAlekhoMse elAcAryake sambandha meM bhI katipaya tathya prApta hote haiM; para yaha kundakundakA nAmAntara siddha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra gRddhapiccha 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, lekha naM0 40, pR0 24 / 102 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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bhI kundakundakA nAmAntara ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| saMbhavataH yaha nAma umAsvAtikA rahA hai / saMkSepameM kundakundakA apara nAma padmanandi avazya pramANita hotA hai / guru-paramparA AcArya kundakundake gurukA kyA nAma thA aura unhoMne kisa guru-paramparAko suzobhita kiyA, isake sambandhameM saMkSepameM vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / kundakunda-pranthoMke TokAkAra jayasenAcAryake matAnusAra ye kumAranandi siddhAntadevake ziSya the / nandisaMghako paTTAvalI ke anusAra kundakundake guru jinacandra the / kundakundane svayaM apane gurukA nAma bhadrabAhu mAnA hai / mathurA se prApta eka abhilekha meM uccanAgara zAkhA ke eka kumAranandikA nirdeza prApta hotA hai / yaha abhilekha huviSka varSaM sattAsIkA hai / isa AdhAra para bhI kumAranandikA guru-ziSyatva kundakundake sAtha ghaTita nahIM hotA / yataH uccanAgara zAkhA ke sAtha kundakundakA sambandha nahIM hai| isI prakAra nandisacakI paTTAvali meM mAghanandi, jinacandra aura kundakundakA kramazaH ullekha AtA hai / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki mAghanandike pazcAt jinacandra aura jinacandrake pazcAt kundakundako uttarAdhikAra prApta huA hogA / ataH hamArA anumAna hai ki kundakundake gurukA nAma 'jinacandra' honA cAhie / kundakundale apane 'bodhapAhuDa' meM apaneko bhadrabAhu kA ziSya kahA hai / para isa sandarbha meM yaha vicAraNIya hai ki kundakunda zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke sAkSAt ziSya the yA pAramparya ? kundakundane likhA hai saddaviyAro hUo bhAsAsutte jaM jiNe kahiyaM / so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNa ya bhaddabAhussa // 61 // bArasayaMgaviyANa caudasapuNvaM gavi ula vittha raNaM / suyaNANibhaddavAhU gamayagurU bhayavao jayaU // 62 // jinendra - tIrthaMkara mahAvIrane artha rUpase jo kathana kiyA hai vaha bhASAsUtroMmeM zabdavikArako prApta huA hai- aneka prakArake zabdoM meM prathita huA hai / bhadrabAhu mujha ziSyane una bhASAsUtroMparase usako usI rUpa meM jAnA hai / aura bAraha aGgoM evaM caudaha pUrvaka vipula vistAra ke jJAtA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuko 'gamakaguru' kaha kara unakA kundakundane jayaghoSa kiyA hai| 1. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR0 78, yaha paTTAvali mUlataH inDiyana enTIkvayarI meM prakAzita huI hai / 2. bIghapAhuDa, gAthA 61-62 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 103

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dvitIya gAthAke Aloka meM prathama gAthAkA adhyayana karanese yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kundakunda ke sAkSAt guru nahIM the, 'gamaka guru the / AcArya zrIjugalakizora mukhtArane ukta donoM gAthAoM meM prathama gAthAkA sambandha dvitIya bhadrabAhu ke sAtha aura dvitIya gAthAkA sambandha zrutakebalI madrabAhu ke sAtha batalAyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai- "ikasaThavIM gAthAmeM kundakundane apaneko bhadrabAhukA ziSya prakaTa kiyA hai| jo saMbhavataH bhadrabAhu dvittIya jAna par3ate haiM / kyoMki bhadrabAhu zrutavalI ke samaya meM jinakathita zrutameM aisA vikAra upasthita upasthita nahIM huA thA, jise ukta gAthA meM ' saddaviyAro humI bhAsAsuttesu jaM jiNeM kahiya ina zabdoM dvArA sUcita kiyA gayA hai vaha avicchinna calA AyA thA | parantu dUsare bhadrabAhu ke samaya meM aisI sthiti nahIM tho-- kitanA hI zrutajJAna lupta ho cukA thA aura jo avaziSTa thA, vaha aneka bhASAsUtroMmeM parivartita ho gayA thA / isase iksaTavIM gAthAke bhadrabAhu dvitIya hI jAna par3ate haiM / bAsahanI gAthAyeM usI se prasiddha honevAle prathama bhadrabAhukA, jo ki bAraha aGgoM aura caudaha pUrvoke jJAtA zrutakevalI the, antya maMgala ke rUpameM jayadhoba kiyA gayA aura unheM sApha taura para gamakaguru likhA hai| isa taraha antakI donoM gAthAoM meM do alaga-alaga bhadrabAhuoM kA ullekha honA adhika yuktiyukta aura buddhigamya jAna par3atA hai|" mustAra sAhabakA ukta kathana vicAraNIya hai / yahA~ dI bhadrabAhuoMkA kathana na kara kundakundane pUrva gAthA meM pratipAdita bhadrabAhuke kathita gurutvakA gamaka gurukaM rUpameM ullekha AyA hai / 'gamaka' zabdakA arthaM zabdakalpadrumamaM 'gamayati, prApayati, bodhayati vA gamaka', gam + Nic + va bodhaka mAtra yA sujhAva denevAlA athavA tattva prApti ke lie preraNA karanevAlA batalAyA hai / mAtaMgalIlA meM gamakaM pANDityavaidagdhyayoH' arthAt pANDitya yA vaidagdhya prAptiko gamaka kahate haiM / yahA~ para 'gamaka' zabda 'paramparayA' yA 'preraNayA' ke rUpa meM prayukta hai | ataeva 'gamaka' zabda paramparAprApta zrutakevala ke lie hI vyavahRta huA hai / do bhadrabAhuoM kI kalpanA kisI bhI prakAra sambhava nahIM hai / bhadrabAhu kevala] kundakundake sAkSAt guru na hokara 'gamaka guru yA preraka guru the | zrI pa0 kailAzacandra zAstrIne bhI isI tathya kI puSTi kI hai / zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoMse bhI isa tathyako puSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / yataH zrutakevala bhadrabAhu apane ziSya samrAT candragupta ke sAtha dakSiNa bhArata gaye the aura vahAM zravaNabelagolA sthAnameM samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyA thaa| ataH dakSiNa meM 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsapara vizada prakAza, pR0 93 / 2. mAtaMgalIlA 1 / 7 / 3. kunvakudaprAbhRtasaMgraha, prastAvanA, pU0 11 12 / 104 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA : /

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zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuko parasparAkA astitva siddha hotA hai| kundakunda mUla saghake AcArya the aura dakSiNa bhAratake nivAso / ataH inheM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukI paramparA prAna huI thii| isI kAraNa kundakundane unheM 'gamakaguru' kahA hai / paTTAvaloke anusAra inake gurukA nAma jinacandra aura dAdA gurukA nAma mA.sanda hai| kundakundhake jovanameM ghaTita ghaTanAeM AcArya kundakundake jIvanameM pramukha do ghaTanAoMke ghaTita honeko kathA prasiddha hai / eka hai videhayAtrA aura dUsarI hai giranAra parvatapara hue digambara3 vetAmbara vAda-vivAdameM unakI vijaya / __ jahA~ taka viSayAtrAko bAta hai, usa sAdhaka dhadyapi AbhalakhIya yA anya aitihAsika pramANa abhItaka upalabdha nahIM hue, kintu AcArya devasena, AcArya jayasana aura zrutasAgarasUrike ullekha batalAte haiM ki AcArya kundakunda videha gaye the aura bahasa bhagavAna sImandhara svAmIkA upadeza grahaNa kara lauTe the tathA somandharasvAmIsa prApta divyajJAnakA zramaNoMko upadeza diyA thaa| devasena ( I0 san 9 vIM zatI) ne darzanasArameM likhA hai jai paumaNadiNAhI somaMgharasAmidivvaNANeNa / Na vibohada to samaNA kahaM sumaggaM payANati / / 435 isameM kahA gayA hai ki yadi paddhandrinAtha sImandharasvAmodvArA prApta divya jJAnase bodha na dete, to zramaNa-munijana sacca mArgako kese jAnate / / devasenakA yaha ullekha kAphI prAcIna hai aura usapara sahasA avizvAsa nahIM kiyA kiyA jA sakatA / isI taraha AcArya jayasena ( I. san 12 vIM zatI) ne bhI paJcAstikAya. ko TokAke ArambhameM AcArya kundakundake videhagamanako 'prasiddhakathAnyAya' batalAte hue usakI spaSTa carcA kI hai| SaTprAbhRtake saMskRta-TIkAkAra zrutasAgarasurine bhI TIkAke antameM kundakundasvAmIke videhagamanakA ullekha kiyA hai| ye ullekha akAraNa nahIM ho skte| ve avazya vicAraNIya hai| digambara-zvetAmbara vAda-vivAdameM vijayaprAptike bhI ullekha milate hai / zabhacandrAcAryane pANDavapurANameM likhA hai ki kundakandagaNone jayagiripara apane prabhAvase pASANa-nirmita sarasvatIko vAditA-zAstrArthakI banA diyA thaa| yathA zrutapara aura sArasvatApArya : 105 /

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kundakundagaNI yenojayantagirimastake / so'vatAd vAditA brAhmI pASANaghaTitA kalau / ' jinhoMne kalikAlameM Urjayanta girike mastaka para-giranAra parvatake Upara pASANanirmita brAhmIkI mUrtiko bulavA diyaa| isI tarahakA ullekha zubhacandrako gurvAvalike antaga nibaddha una do padyoMmeM bhI hai, jo nimna prakAra haiM - padAdI ko laadaaraamaannnii| pASANaghaTitA yena vAditA zrIsarasvatI / / ujjayantagirau tena gacchaH sArasvato'bhavat / atastasmai munIndrAya namaH shriipdmnndine| balAtkAragaNAgraNI padmanando guru hue / jinhoMne Urjayantagiri para pASANanirmita sarasvatokI mUrtiko vAcAla kara diyA thaa| usase sArasvata gaccha huaa| ataH una padyanando munondrako namaskAra ho| kavi vRndAvanake eka ullekhase bhI jJAta hotA hai, ki kundakundasvAmI saMgha sahita giranArakI yAtrAke lie gye| vahAM para una dinoM zvatAmbaroMkA bhI saMgha ThaharA huA thaa| donoM saMghoMmeM vAdavivAda huA aura isakI madhyasthatA ambikA devAne ko| usane prakaTa hokara kahA ki digambara nigraMtha pantha hI saccA hai| zrI nAthUrAmajI premIne 'tIrthoke jhagar3oM para aitihAsika dRSTise vicAra' zIrSaka nibandhameM batAyA hai-''jAna par3atA hai, giranAra parvata para digambaroM aura zvetAmbaroMke bIca vaha vivAda kabhI na kabhI avazya huA, jisakA ullekha dharmasAgara upAdhyAyane kiyA hai / yaha koI aitihAsika ghaTanA avazya hai, kyoMki isakA ullekha digambara sAhityameM bhI eka dUsare rUpameM milatA hai / "3 / isa sabapara vicAra karanese pratIta hotA hai ki zvetAmbara aura digambaroMkA zAstrArtha to avazya huA hai, para yaha zAstrAyaM nandisaMghake AcArya pacanandi, jinakA apara nAma kundakunda thA, ke sAtha nahIM huA hai| yaha anya papranandike sAtha huA hogA, jinakA samaya vikramako 12vIM zatAbdo hai| 1. paannddvpugg| 2. jainasiddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR. 58 / 3. bela sAhitya aura itihAsa, prathama saMskaraNa, pR. 245 / 106 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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samaya-nirdhAraNa ___ AcArya kundakundake samaya para vicAra karane vAloMmeM zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI; zrI paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtAra; DaoN0 ke0bI0 pAThaka, pro0 e0 cakravartI, aura DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyeke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| DaoN0 upAdhyene sabhI matoMkI samIkSA kara apane matako saMsthApanA kI hai| hama yahA~ saMkSepameM ukta vidvAnoMke mattoMko vivecanA kreNge| pramIjIne indranandike zrutAvatArake AdhAra para batAyA hai ki guNadhara, yativRSabha aura uccAraNAcArya dvArA racita gAthAsUtra, cUNisUtra aura uccAraNasUtroM ke rUpameM 'kasAyapAhuDa' nibaddha huaa| dharasenakI paramparAmeM puSpadanta aura bhUtabaline paTkhaNDAgamakI racanA kI / ina donoM granthoMko kundakundapurameM pamanandi munine guruparamparAse prApta kiyA aura SaTkhaNDAgamake prathama tIna khaNDoM para 12000 ilokapramANa parikarmanAmaka granthako racanA kii| premIjIne isa AdhAra para niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki vIranirvANa saMvat 683 ke pazcAt kundakumda hue haiN| dharasena, uccAraNAcArya Adike sakyako pacAsa-pacAsa varSa mAna lene para kundakundakA samaya vikramako tIsarI zatAbdIkA antima caraNa siddha hAtA hai| premojIne eka anya pramANa yaha bhI diyA hai ki Ujjayantagiripara zvetAmbaroMke sAtha kundakundakA hI zAstrArtha huA thaa| unake suttapAhubase bhI yaha prakaTa hai| devasenake darzanasArake anusAra vikramakI mRtyuke 136 varSa bItanepara yaha saMdhabheda huaa| premojIne ise zAlivAhana zakAbda mAnakara 136 + 135 - 271 vikrama saM0 meM saMghabheda mAnA hai / isa kAlakA zratAvatArameM ullikhita samayake sAtha samanvaya ho jAtA hai / ataeva premojIke matAnasAra kundakundakA samaya vikramakI tRtIya zatAbdokA antima caraNa hai| ___ DA. pAThakako' rASTrakUTa nareza govindarAja tRtIyake do tAmrapatra prApta hue haiN| unameMse eka zaka saM0 719 kA hai aura dUsarA zaka saM0724 kA hai| inameM koNDakondAnvayake toraNAcArya ke ziSya puSpanandikA tathA usake ziSyakA nirdeza kiyA hai| DaoN0pAThakakA abhimata hai ki prabhAcandra zaka saM0 719 meM aura unake dAdAguru toraNAcArya zaka saM0 600 meM hue hoNge| kundakundako inase Der3ha sau varSa pUrva mAnA jA sakatA hai| ataeva kundakundakA samaya zaka saM0 450 ke lagabhaga hai| DaoN. pAThakane apane isa anumAnakA samarthana eka anya AdhArase bhI kiyA hai| 1. samamaprAbhUta, kAzI saMskaraNa, saMskRta-prastAvamA / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 107

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unhoMne batAyA hai ki cAlukya nareza kIrtivarmA zaka saM0 500 meM rAjyasiMhAsanapara AsIna the / unhoMne bAdAmIko jotA aura kadamba rAjyavaMzako naSTa kara diyaa| ataH yaha nizcita huA ki kadamba rAjavaMzakA zivamRgeza varmA lagabhaga 50 varSa pUrva arthAt zaka saM0 450 ke Asa-pAsa vidyamAna thA | bAlacandrane pacAstikAyakI kanar3o TokA aura jayasenane saMskRtaTokAmeM batAyA hai ki kundakundane zivakumAra mahArAja ke sambodhana ke lie yaha grantha likhA / yaha zivakumAra mahArAja kadambavaMzI zivamRgeza varmA hI pratIta hotA hai / ataH kundakundakA samasya zaka sa0 450 ( I0 san 528) AtA hai / vicAra karanepara DaoN0 pAThakakA uka mata nitAnta asamocona hai / Aja isa matako koI bhI prAmANika nahIM mAnatA hai / pro0 e0 cakravartIne ' DaoN0 hAranale dvArA prakAzita sarasvatI- gaccha ko diga mbara paTTAvalike AdhArapara kundakundake AcAryapadapara pratiSThita hone kA kAla I0 pUrva 8 mAnA hai aura unakA janma I0 pUrva 52 batalAyA hai / cakravartIne DaoN0 pAThaka ke matakA virodha kiyA hai aura paurANika pramANoMke AdhArapara kundakundakA paTTAvali - ullikhita samaya batalAyA hai / inhone pallava rAjavaMzake zivaskandako zivakumAra mAnane para jora diyA hai / kyoMki skanda aura kumAra paryAyavAcI zabda hai| anya paristhitiyoMse bhI unhoMne ekarUpatA siddha kI hai| pallavoMkI rAjadhAnI 'kAMjopuram' meM thI / ye 'yoNDamaNDalam' para zAsana karate the / yaha pradeza vidvAnoMko bhUmi mAnA jAtA thA / 'kAMjIpuram' ke zAsaka jJAnake bhI saMrakSaka the| IsAko prArambhika zatAbdiyose lekara AThavIM zatAbdI taka 'kAMjIpuram' ke cAroM ora janadharmakA pracAra hotA rahA hai / isake atirikta 'mayoDabolU' dAnapatrako bhASA prAkRta hai / isa dAnapatrako zivaskandadarmAne pracArita kiyA hai| isako viSayavastu aura bhASA mathurAke abhilekhoMse milatI-julatI hai| ataH pro0 cakravartIne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kundakundane jisa zivakumAra maharAjake lie prAbhRtatraya likhe the, vaha sambhavataH pallavavaMzakA zivaskanda varmA hai / AcArya zrI jugalakizora mukhtArane* samantabhadra ke samayavicAra- prasaMga meM likhA hai - kundakundAcArya bora ni0 saM0 683 se pahale nahIM hue, kintu pIche hue haiN| parantu kitane pIche, yaha aspaSTa hai| yadi antima AcArAMgadhArI lohAcAryake bAda honevAle vinayadhAro Adi cAra ArAtIya muniyoMkA ekatra samaya 1. paMcAstikAya ke aMgrejI anuvAdako prastAvanA | 2. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kI prastAvanA, pR0 158 - 187 / 108 : sAyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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20 varSakA aura ahaMdvali, mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta, bhUtabali tathA kundakundake gurukA sthUla samaya daza-daza varSakA hI mAna liyA jAya, jisakA mAna lenA kucha adhika nahIM hai, to yaha sahajameM hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki kundakunda ukta samayase 80 varSa athavA vora ni0 763 ( 683 + 20 + 60 ) varSa bAda hue haiM aura yaha samaya usa samayake karIba pahuMca jAtA hai jo bidvajjanabodhaka' se uddha ta kiye hue ukta padameM diyA hai, aura isalie isake dvArA usakA bahuta kucha samarthana hotA hai|" / ___ mukhtArasAhaba paTTAlipara vizvAsa nahIM krte| paTTAvali meM kundakundakA samaya vi0 saMvat 49 diyA gayA hai| indranandike zrutAvatArameM varNita donoM siddhAMtaanthoMkI utpattiko kathA tathA guruparipATIse donoM siddhAMtagranthoMkA adhyayana kara kundakundake dvArA paTavaNDAgamake prathama tIna svaNDoMpara 12000 zloka pramANa TIkA likhanekI dAtako sAdhAra mAnakara yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki kundakunda vIra nirvANa saMvat 670 ke lagabhaga hae haiM / mukhtArasAhabane zivakumAra maharAjavAlI carcAko uThAkara DaoN0 pAThakake matakA nirasana kiyA hai aura pro. cakravartIke matako bho mAnya nahIM ThaharAyA hai| isa prakAra mukhtArasAhabane kundakundakA samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat 608692 ke madhya mAnA hai| kundakundake samayapara vistArase vicAra karanevAle DaoN. e. ena0 upAdhye haiN| unhoMne apanI pravacanasArako vidvattApUrNa prastAvanAmeM apanese pUrva pracalita sabhI matoMkI samIkSA karate hue svamatakA nirdhAraNa kiyA hai| DaoN0 upAdhyene apane matake nirNayake hetu nimnalikhita tathyoMpara vicAra kiyA hai 1. bhadrabAhukA ziSyatva 2. zrutAvatArAnusAra SaTkhaNDAgamakA TIkAkAritva 3. saMghabhedAnantara prApta sUcanAoMkA AdhAratva 4. jayasena evaM bAlacandrake ullekhAnusAra zivakumAra maharAjakA samakAlInatva 5. kuralakartRtva 1. DaoN. upAdhyekA vicAra hai ki kundakunda digambara-zvetAmbara saMghabheda utpanna honeke pazcAt hI hue haiM / yadi ve pahale hue hote to acelakatvakA samarthana aura strImuktikA niSedha nahIM karate, yataH saMghabhedakI utpatti candragupta mauryake samakAlIna zvatakevalI bhadrabAhuke samayameM ho cukI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki kundakundane apane granthoMmeM zvetAmbara pravRttiyoMkA niSedha kiyA hai / 1. ralakarasthAvakAcArakI prastAvanA pR0 161 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 109

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2. prathama tathyapara vicAra karate hue kundakundako zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA paramparAziSya mAnA hai / DaoN0 upAdhyene batalAyA hai ki dakSiNameM jo munisaMdha AyA thA, unameM pradhAna bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI the| ataH unake saMnyAsamaraNake pazcAt bhI pradhAna guruke rUpameM unakI mAnyatA pracalita rhii| dakSiNameM jo sAdhusaMca thA use dhArmika jJAna uttarAdhikArake rUpameM bhadrabAhuse hI prApta huA thA / ataH sudUra dakSiNa dezavAsI kundakundane unheM apanA guru mAnA, to isameM koI Azcarya kI bAta nhiiN| yaha yathArtha hai ki kundakunda zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke sAkSAt ziSya nahIM hai, yataH unakA nAmollekha aMgadhAriyoMmeM nahIM milatA hai aura na aiso koI kivadantI ho prApta hotI hai, jisake AdhArapara kundakundako zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA samakAlIna mAnA jA sake / 3. zrutAvatAra meM AyA hai ki koNDakundapurake padmanandine 'kaSAyapAhUDa' aura 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ina donoM granthoMkA jJAna prApta kiyA aura SaTkhaNDAgamake prathama tIna khaNDoMpara TIkA likhI, yaha tathya asaMdigdha nahIM hai / kundakundako aisI koI bhI TIkA Aja nahIM milatI aura na kahIM usake avazeSa hI milate haiM / ataH indranandike ukta kathanakA samarthana anya kisI granthase nahIM hotA hai / vibudha zrIdhara ne apane zrutAvatAra meM likhA hai ki kundako tine kundakundAcArya se donoM siddhAntagranthoM kA jJAna prApta karake 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke Adike tIna khaNDoMpara bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa 'parikarma' nAmaka zAstra likhaa| DaoN0 upAdhyekA eka anya tarka yaha hai ki kundakundakI pratibhA maulika granthoMke sRjanakI ora ho adhika hai / TIkA yA TIkAkArikA likhane kI ora nahIM / ataeva zrutAbatArake AdhArapara kundakundakA samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat 683 ke pazcAt mAnA jAnA cAhie, yaha koI sabala pramANa nahIM hai / sambhava hai ki kundakunda isake pahale hue hoM / 4. DaoN0 upAdhye pro0 cakravartIke isa tathyako samucita mAnate haiM ki zivakumAra maharAja pallavarAjavaMzI haiM / kintu pallavarAjavaMzakA samaya abhItaka anirNIta hai / ataeva DA0 upAdhye DA0 pAThakake matase asahamata hote hue pro0 cakravartI dvArA mAnya zivakumAra maharAja aura zivaskandakI ekatAko svIkAra karate haiM / 5. kuralakAvyakarttA ke rUpa meM kundakunda kI mAnyatApara vicAra karate hue DaoN0 upAdhyene batalAyA hai ki kuralakAvyakA jaina honA sambhava hai, usameM aise aneka tathya Aye haiM jo anya dharmomeM prApta nahIM hote| isa kAvyakA samasta vaNyaM viSaya jaina AcAra aura tattvajJAnase sambaddha hai / ataeva kuralakA karttA koI jaina kaci to avazya hai, para mAcArya kundakunda hai, isake samarthana meM koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai / kundakundakA anya nAma elAcArya batAyA gayA hai usakI 110 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA I : +

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puSTi bhI anya pramANoMse nahIM hotI / ataeva kundakundako I0 san prathama zatAbdIkA vidvAn svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / Adhunika vicAraka DaoN0 jyoti prasAdajIne vibhinna matoM kI samIkSA karate hue nimnalikhita niSkarSa upasthita kiyA hai - All this Shows that he may Safely be assigned to the calry part of the first century A. 1, or, to be exact, to 8 B. CA. D. 44. arthAt isa jAdAupara kunyakupakArApa I0 sankI prathama zatAbdI AtA hai / kumkumbakI racanAe~ digambara sAhitya ke mahAn praNettAoMmeM kundakundakA mUrdhanya sthAna hai / inakI sabhI racanAe~ zaurasenI prAkRtameM haiM / 1. pravacanasAra, 2. samayasAra aura 3, paMcAstikAya ye tIna grantha vizruta haiM aura tattvajJAnako avagata karaneke lie kuJjI haiN| zeSa racanAoMkA bhI AdhyAtmika dRSTise vizeSa mahattva hai / 1. pravacanasAra yaha grantha amRtacandrasUri aura jayasenAcAryakI saMskRtaTIkAoM sahita rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaI dvArA prakAzita hai / isameM tIna adhikAra haiM-jJAna, zeya aura cAritra | jJAnAdhikArameM AtmA aura jJAnakA ekatva evaM anyatva, sarvajJakI siddhi, indriya aura atIndriya sukha, zubha, azubha aura zuddhopayoga tathA mokSaya AdikA prarUpaNa hai / jJeyAdhikAra meM dravya, guNa, paryAyakA svarUpa, saptabhaMgI, karma aura karmaphalakA svarUpa, mUrta aura amUrta dravyoMke guNa, kAlAdikake guNa aura paryAya, prANa, zubha aura azubha upayoga, jIvakA lakSaNa, jIva aura pudgalakA sambandha, nizcaya aura vyavahArakA avirodha evaM zuddhAtmA AdikA pratipAdana hai | cAritra adhikAra meM zrAmaNyake cihna, chedopasthApaka bhramaNa, chedakA svarUpa yukta AhAra, utsarga aura apavAda mArga, AgamajJAnakA lakSaNa aura mokSatattva AdikA kathana kiyA hai / AcArya amRtacandrako TIkAke anusAra isameM 275 gAthAeM haiM aura jayasenakI TIkA anusAra 317 haiM / ina bar3hI huI gAthAoMkA tIna vargoM meM vibhAjana kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. namaskArAtmaka 2. vyAkhyAnavistAraviSayaka 3. aparaviSayavijJApanAtmaka 1. The jaina Sources of the history of ancient India P. 124 = 125. zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 111

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prathama do viSayoMko gAthA isa prakArako taTastha haiM ki jinakA abhAva khaTakatA nahIM hai| unake rahanepara bhI pravacanasArake viSayameM kisI prakArako vRddhi nahIM hotii| nRtIya vibhAgako caudaha gAthAe~ vicAraNIya haiN| ye gAthAe~ nigrantha sAdhunoMde lA caspAnAdikA mAgiyoM ke lie bhustikA niSedha karatI haiN| ina gAthAoMke viSaya yadyapi kundakundake anya granthoMke viparIta nahIM hai, para zvetAmbara sampradAya ke viruddha avazya haiN| ataH amRtacandrAcAryake dvArA inake chor3e jAneke sambandhameM DaoN0 upAdhyekA kathana hai-"amRptacandra itane AdhyAtmika vyakti the ki ve sAmpradAyika vAda-vivAdameM par3anA nahIM cAhate the| ataH isa bAtako icchA rakhate the ki unakI TIkA sakSipta ho evaM tIkSNa sAmpradAyika AkramaNoMko na karatI huI kundakundake ati udAtta udgAroMke sAtha sabhI sampradAyoM ko svokRta ho / ' DaoN. upAdhyekA uparyukta mata sarvathA samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki amRtacandrane tattvArthasArake nimna padyameM likhA hai sagrantho'pi ca nirgrantho grAsAhArI ca kevalI / rucirevaMvidhA yatra viparItaM hi tatsmRtam // ' isa padyameM zvetAmbara mAnyatAke kevalI-kavalAhAra aura sacelakatvakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ataH zvetAmbara mAnyatAke siddhAntoMkI samIkSA chor3a dene kI bAta yukta nahIM hai| 2. samayasAra-yaha sarvotkRSTa AdhyAtmika grantha hai| yahA~ samayazabdake do artha vivakSita hai--samasta padArtha aura AtmA | jisa grandhameM samasta padArthoM athavA AtmAkA sAra baNita ho, vaha samayasAra hai| yaha bhedavijJAnakA nirUpaNa karatA hai| aneka padArthoM ko 'sva'-'sva' lakSaNoMse pRthaka-pRthaka niyata kara denA aura unase upAdeya padArthako lakSita tathA anya samasta padArthoko upekSita kara deneko bhedavijJAna kahA jAtA hai| yaha grantha daza adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai-prathama jIvAdhikArameM 'sva' samaya, 'para' samaya, zuddhanaya, AtmabhAvanA aura samyaktvakA prarUpaNa hai| jovako kAmabhogaviSayaka bandhakathA hI sulabha hai kintu AtmAkA ekatva durlabha hai| ekatva-vibhakta AtmAko nijAnubhUti dvArA hI jAnA jAtA hai / jIva pramatta, apramatta donoM dazAoMse pRthaka jJAyakabhAvamAtra hai / jJAnIke darzana, jJAna, cAritra vyavahArase kahe jAte haiM, nizcayase nhiiN| nizcayase jJAnI eka zuddha jJAyakamAna hI hai| isa adhikArameM vyavahAranayako abhUtArtha aura nizcayako bhUtArtha kahA hai| dUsare kartRkarmAdhikArameM Asrava, bandha AdikI 1. tattvArthasAra, pakSa, 5 / 6 / 112 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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paryAyoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / AtmAke midhyAtva, ajJAna aura avirati ye sIna pariNAma anAdi haiN| jaba ina tIna prakArake pariNAmoMkA kartRtva hotA hai, taba pudgaladravya svayaM karmarUpa pariNamana karatA hai / paradravyake bhAvakA jIva kabhI bhI karttA nahIM hai / , tIsare puNya-pApa adhikArameM zubhAzubha karmasvabhAva varNita haiN| ajJAnapUrvaka kiye gaye vrata, niyama, zIla aura tapa mokSake kAraNa nahIM haiM / jIvAdi padArthoMkA zraddhAna, unakA adhigama aura rAgAdibhAvakA tyAga mokSakA mArga batalAyA hai| cauthe AsravAdhikArameM mithyAtva avirati, pramAda, yoga aura kaSAya Asava batalAye gaye haiM / vastutaH rAga, dveSa, moharUpa pariNAma ho Asrava haiN| jJAnIke AsravakA abhAva rahatA hai / yataH rAga-dveSa-moharUpa pariNAmake utpanna na hone se AsravapratyayoMkA abhAva kahA jAtA hai / pA~caveM saMvara adhikAra meM saMvarakA mUla bhedavijJAna batAyA hai / isa adhikArameM saMvarake kramakA bhI varNana hai / chaThaveM nirjarA adhikArameM dravya, bhAvarUpa nirjarAkA vistArapUrvaka nirUpaNa kiyA hai| jJAnI vyakti karmoM ke bIca rahane para bhI karmose lie nahIM hotA hai, para ajJAnI karmarajase lipta rahatA hai| sAtaveM bamcAdhikAra bandhake kAraNa rAgAdikA vivecana kiyA hai / bAThaveM mokSAdhikArameM mokSakA svarUpa aura navaveM sarvavizuddha jJAnAdhikArameM AtmAkA vizuddha jJAnako dRSTise akava Adi siddha kiyA hai / antima dazama adhikArameM syAdvAdakI dRSTise AtmasvarUpakA vivecana kiyA hai / isa grantha meM AcArya amRtacandrake TokAnusAra 415 gAthAe~ aura jayasenAcAryako TIkAke anusAra 439 gAthAe~ haiM / zuddha AtmAkA itanA sundara aura yavasthita vivecana anyatra durlabha hai / 3. paJcAstikAya - isa grantha meM kAladravyase bhinna jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza ina pA~ca astikAyoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / bahupradezI dravyako AcAryane astikAya kahA hai / dravya- lakSaNa, dravyake bheda, saptabhaMgI, guNa, paryAya, kAladravya evaM sattAkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| yaha grantha do adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai / prathama adhikArameM dravya, guNa aura paryAyoMkA kathana hai aura dvitIya adhikAra meM puNya, pApa, jIva, ajIba, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA eva mokSa ina naya padArthoM ke sAtha mokSa mArgakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| isa grantha meM amRtta candrAcAryakI TokAke anusAra 173 gAthAeM aura jayasenAcArya ke TIkAnusAra 181 gAthAeM hai / dravya svarUpako avagata karaneke lie yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai / 8 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 113

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4. miyasAra - AdhyAtmika dRSTise yaha grantha bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / isameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrako niyamase mokSa prAptikA mArga kahA hai / ataeva samyagdarzanAdikA svarUpa kathana karate hue usake anuSThAna karane evaM mithyAdarzanAdike tyAgakA vidhAna kiyA hai| isapara padmaprabhamaladhArIdevakI saMskRsaTokA bhI upalabdha hai / 5. bArasa- aNuvekkhA ( dvAvazAnuprekSA ) - isameM adhruva anitya, mazaraNa, ekatva, anyatva, saMsAra loka azuciva tasatasaM niza aura bodhidurlabha ina bAraha bhAvanAoMkA 91 gAthAoM meM varNana hai / saMsAra se virakti prApta karaneke lie yaha racanA atyanta upAdeya hai / 6. vaMsaNapAhuDa - isa laghukAya grantha meM dharmake samyagdarzanakA 36 gAthAoM meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzanase bhraSTa vyaktiko nirvANa prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai 1 7. vArita pAhuDa - samyakcAritrakA nirUpaNa 44 gAthAoMmeM kiyA gayA hai / samyak cAritrake do bheda kiye haiM- samyaktvacaraNa aura saMyamacaraNa / saMyamacaraNake sAgAra aura anagAra ina do bhedoM dvArA zrAvaka aura muni dharmakA saMkSepameM nirdeza kiyA hai / 8. sutapA - 27 gAthAoM meM AgamakA mahattva batalAte hue usake anusAra calanekI zikSA dI gayI hai / 5. bohapADa - 62 gAthAeM haiN| inameM Ayatana, caityagRha, jinapratimA, darzana, jinavimba, jina mudrA, AtmajJAna, deva, tortha, arhanta aura prathA ina gyAraha bAtoMkA bodha diyA gayA hai| 10. bhAva pAhuDa - 163 gAthAoM meM citta zuddhikI mahattAkA varNana kiyA hai / batAyA hai ki pariNAmazuddhike binA saMsAra paribhramaNa nahIM ruka sakatA hai aura na binA bhAvake koI puruSArtha hI siddha hotA hai / isameM karmakI aneka mahatvapUrNaM bAtoMkA vivecana AyA hai / 11. moklapAhuDa - isa grantha meM 106 gAthAoMmeM mokSake svarUpakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| AtmA ke bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA -- ina tIna bhedoMkA svarUpa samajhAyA hai / mokSa- paramAtma-padakI prApti kisa prakAra hotI hai isakA nirdeza kiyA hai / 12. liMgapAhuDa - isa laghukAya grantha meM 22 gAthAe~ haiM / zramaNaliMgako lakSya kara muni dharmakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / 114 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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13. sIlapADa-40 gAthAeM haiM / zola hI viSayAsaktiko dUraphara mokSaprAptimeM sahAyaka hotA hai| jova-dayA, indriya-damana, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, asantoSa, samyagdarzana, samyagazAna aura tapako zIlake antargata parigaNita kiyA hai| 14. rayaNasAra-isa graMthameM ratnatrayakA vivecana hai / 167 padha haiN| aura kisI-kisI pratimeM 155 padya bhI milate haiN| gRhastha aura muniyoMko ratnatrayakA pAlana kisa prakAra karanA cAhie, yaha isameM varNita hai| DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhye isa granthako gAthA-vibhedavicAra, punarAvRtti, apabhraMzapadyoMkI upalabdhi evaM gaNa-gacchAdike ullekha milanese kundakundake honemeM AzaMkA prakaTa karate haiN| vastutaH zailIko bhinnatA aura viSayoMke sammizraNase yaha grantha kundakunda racita pratIta nahIM hotA / paramparAse yaha kundakundadvArA praNIta mAnA jAtA hai / 15. siddha-bhakti-yaha stutiparaka abhya hai / 12 gAthAoMmeM siddhoMke guNa-bheda, sukha, sthAna, AkRti aura siddhi-mArgakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isapara prabhAcandrAcAryako eka saMskRta TIkA hai| isa TokAke antameM likhA hai ki saMskRtakI saba bhaktiyA~ pUjyapAdasvAmI dvArA viracita haiM aura prAkRtako bhaktiyAM kundakunda AcArya dvArA nirmita' haiN| 16 suvati-isa bhaktipAThameM 11 gAthAeM haiN| isameM AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga Adi dvAdaza aMgoMkA bheda-prabheda sahita ullekha karate hue unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI 14 pUrvomeMse pratyekako vastusaMkhyA aura pratyeka vastuke prAbhUtoMkI saMkhyA bhI dI hai| 17. cAritta-bhatti-10anuSTupa gAthAchanda haiN| sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi, sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta nAmake cAritroM, ahiMsAdi 28 mUlaguNoM, dasa dharmo', triguptiyoM, sakalazoloM, parISahoMke jaya aura uttaraguNoMkA ullekha karate hue muktisukha denevAle cAritrako bhAvanA kI gayI hai / 18. joibhati-23 gAthAoMmeM yogiyoMkI aneka avasthAoM, RddhiyoM, siddhiyoM evaM guNoMke sAtha unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| 19. Airiyabhatti-isameM 10 gAthAeM haiM aura inameM AcAryoMke uttama guNoMkA ullekha karate hue unheM namaskAra kiyA hai| 1. saMskRtAH sarvA vibhaktayaH pUjyapAdasvAmikatAH prAkRtAstu kundakundAcAryakRtAH / --prabhASandraTIkA, antima baMza / zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 115

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20. givyANabhatti--isa bhaktipAThameM 27 gAthAeM haiN| inameM nirvANakA svarUpa evaM nirvANaprApta tIrthaMkaroMkI stuti kI gayI hai| 21. paMcaguramati-isa bhaktipAThameM sAta padya haiN| prArambhika pAMca pacoMmeM kramazaH arhata, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAghu ina pA~ca parameSThiyoMkA srAvana hai| chaThe padyameM stavanakA phala aGkita hai| saptama padyameM ina pAMca parameSThiyoMkA abhiSAna paMca namaskArameM kiyA hai| 22. thossAmi thudi (tisthayara-bhAta) yossAmi padase Arambha honevAlI aSTagAthAtmaka stuti hai / ise tIrthakara-bhakti bhI kahA gayA hai| isa stutipAThameM vRSabhAdi vardhamAna paryanta caturvizati tIrthaMkaroMkI unake nAmollekhapUrvaka vandanA kI gaI hai aura tIpaMkaroMke lie jina, jinavara, jinendra, kevalI, anantajina, lokahita, dharmatIrthakara, vidhUtarajomala, lokodyotakara Adi vizeSaNoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / antameM samAdhi, bodhi aura siddhikI prArthanA kI gayI hai| ____ isa bhaktipAThake katipaya padya zvetAmbara sampradAyake padyoMke samAna haiM / aura kucha bhinna haiM / yathA-- loyassujjoyayare dhamma-tisthaMkare jiNe vaMde / arahate kittisse cavIsaM ceva kevaliNe !! --digambara pATha logassa ujjoagare ghammatitthayare jiNe / / arahate kittaissaM cauvIsaM pi kevalI / / -zvetAmbara pATha isa prakAra AcArya kundakunda apUrva pratibhAke dhanI aura shaastrpaarNgt| vidvAn haiN| inhoMne paMcAstikAya aura pravacanasArameM AdhyAtmika dRSTike sAtha ! zAstrIya dRSTiko bhI prazraya diyA hai| ataeva ina donoM granthoMmeM dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika nayoMkA bhI varNana prApta hotA hai| samyakdarzanake viSayabhUta jIvAdi padArtho kA vivecana karaneke lie zAstrIya daSTiko aMgIkRta kiye binA kArya nahIM cala sktaa| ataeva dravyAthika nayase jahAM jIvake nitya--apariNAmI svabhAvakA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, mahA~ paryAyAthika nayako apekSAse jIvake anitya-pariNAmI svabhAvakara bhI varNana rahatA hai| yoM to dravya-guNa aura paryAyoMkA eka akhaNDa piNDa hai, to bhI unakA astitva prakaTa karane ke lie bhedako svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai / AcArya kundakundane samayasAra aura niyamasArameM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se AtmasvarUpakA vivecana kiyA hai / isa dRSTimeM guNasthAna aura mArgaNAoMke medoMkA astitva svIkRta nahIM rahatA / yaha dRSTi paranirapekSa AtmasvabhAvako aura usake 116 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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pratipAdaka nizvayanayako ho bhUtArtha tamA kavahArako hega mAnatI hai| yahA~ emA nizcaya hI mokSamArga hai, vyavahAra nhiiN| isa prakAra AcArya kundakundane AdhyAtmika aura zAstrIya dRSTiyoMkA vizleSaNa evaM vivecanakara AtmatattvakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ina donoM daSTiyoMke sambandha meM siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrIne likhA hai-"zAstrIya dRSTi vastukA vizleSaNa karake usakI taha taka pahu~canekI ceSTA karatI hai| usakI dRSTimeM nimittakAraNake vyApArakA uttanA hI mUlya hai, jitanA upAdAnakAraNake vyApArakA aura parasaMyoga-janya avasthA bho utanI hI paramArtha hai, jitanI svAbhAvika avasthA / jaise upAdAnakAraNake binA kArya nahIM hotA, vaise hI nimittakAraNake binA bhI kArya nahIM hotA / ataH kAryakI utpattimeM donoMkA samavyApAra hai.......'zAstrIya dRSTikA kisI vastu-vizeSake sAtha koI pakSapAta nahIM hai|" "zAstrIya dRSTike sivAya eka dRSTi AdhyAtmika bhI hai / isake dvArA Atmatattvako lakSyameM rakhakara vastukA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / " ataeva saMkSepameM kundakundakA apUrva pANDitya, unakI zAstragrathana-pratibhA evaM siddhAnta granthoMke sAra-bhAgako AdhyAtmika aura dravyAnuyogake rUpameM prastutokaraNa Adi unako vizeSatAe~ haiM / AcArya baTTakera aura unakA sAhitya __ AcArya vaTTakera kundakundAcAryase bhinna haiM yA abhinna, isa sambandhameM matabheda hai| zrI jugalakizora mukhtArane inheM kundakundase abhinna mAnA hai| DaoN. jyotiprasAda bhI isI matake samarthaka haiM / / ___ DaoN0 hIrAlAla jainane vaTTakerako kundakundase bhinna svIkAra kiyA hai / unhoMne likhA hai-"vaTTakerasvAmIkRta. mUlAcAra digambara sampradAyameM munidharmake lie sarvopari pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| kahIM-kahIM yaha grantha kundakundAcAryakRta bhI kahA gayA hai / yadyapi yaha bAta siddha nahIM hotA, tathApi usase isa anya ke prati samAjakA mahAn AdarabhAva prakaTa hotA hai|" 1. kumbakundaprAmatasaMgraha prastAvanA, pRSTha-82 / 2. vahI, pRSTha-83 3. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharmakA yogadAna, prakAzaka, madhyapradeza zAsana-sAhitya pariSad, mopAla, pRSTha 105 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 117

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DaoN0 jenake ukta uddharaNase do niSkarSa upasthita hote haiM / 1. zraddhA, bhakti aura mAnyatAke atirekake kAraNa mUlAcArake karttA kundakunda mAna liye gaye haiM / kundakunda digamvara paramparA ke yugasaMsthApaka aura I yugAtarakArI AcArya haiM, asaeva caTTakera ke nAmapara uttaravartI sAkSiyoMmeM mUlAcArakA nAma nirdeza kara diyaa| 2. mUlAdhAra digambara paramparAkA AcArAMga grantha hai| isI kAraNa isa granthakA sambandha kundakundase jor3A gayA hai / vaTTakera AcAryakI anya kRtiyA~ upalabdha nahIM hotIM / ataeva itane mahAn granthakA racayitA inako svIkAra karane meM uttaravartI lipikAroMko AzaMkA huI / AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArate mANikacanda digambara jaina granthamAlA meM prakAzita saTIka mUlAcAra pratikI puSpikAke AdhArapara isa granthako kundakundAcArya praNIta batalAyA hai / puSpikA nimna prakAra hai "iti mUlAcAravivRtau dvAdazo adhyAyaH / kundakundAcArya praNItamUlAcArAkhyavivRtiH / RtiriyaM vasunandinaH zrIzramaNasya " / isa puSpikA ke AdhArase zrIjugalakizora mukhtAra baTTakerako kundakundase abhinna mAnate haiM / DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene apanI pravacanasArakI mahattvapUrNa prastAvanAmeM mUlAcArako dakSiNa bhAratakI pANDulipiyoMke AdhArapara kundakundakRta likhA hai / para eka nivandhameM" mUlAcArako saMgraha-grantha siddha kiyA hai, aura isake saMgrahakarttA sambhavataH vaTTakera the, yaha anumAna lagAyA hai| AcArya vasunandine mUlAcAra kI saMskRta TIkA likhI hai aura isa TIkAkI prazasti meM isa grantha ke kartAko vaTTakera, vaTTakeryAcAryaM, tathA vaTTaM rakAcArya ke rUpameM ullikhita kiyA hai / ina nAmoMmeM pahalA nAma TIkA ke prArambhika prastAvanA vAkyameM, dUsarA navama, dazama aura ekAdaza adhikAroMke sandhivAkyoMmeM aura tRtIya nAma saptama adhikArake sandhivAkya meM pAyA jAtA hai / yaha satya hai ki vaTTakera nAmakA samarthana na to kisI gurvAvalise hotA hai, na paTTAlise, na abhilekhoMse aura na grantha- prazastiyoMse hI / isI kAraNa zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne apane eka nibandhameM isa samasyAkA samAdhAna prastuta karanekA prayAsa kiyA hai| unhoMne batAyA hai ki dakSiNa bhArata meM veTTageri yA veTTkerI 1. prAthya-vidyA-sammelana, alIgar3ha (ca0 pra0 ) meM paThita 2. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 12, kiraNa 1 0 38 / 118: tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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nAmake grAmakA astitva pAyA jAtA hai| ataH isa grAmake nivAsI honeke kAraNa malAgAra kAryAko gahatora sa mehari kahA gayA hogaa| jisa prakAra koNDakundapurake rahanevAle honese kundakunda nAma prasiba huA, usI prakAra veTTakerike rahanevAle honese mUlAcArake kartA vaTTakera kahalAye / ataH mUlAcAra kundakundako racanA nahIM hai aura na vaTTakera ho kundakundase abhinna haiN| zrIjugalakizora mukhtArane apanA abhimata prakaTa karate hue likhA hai ki"vadakakA artha vartaka-pravartaka hai, ira girA, vANI, sarasvatIko kahate hai, jisako vANI pravattikA ho-janatAmeM sanmArga sathA sadAcArameM lagAnevAlI ho-use bar3hakara samajhanA cAhiye / dUsare, baTTakoM-pravartakoma jo 'iri' giri, pradhAna, pratiSThita ho, athavA Iri-samartha-zaktizAlI ho, use vaTTakari jAnanA cAhie / tIsare caTTa nAma vattaMna-AcaraNakA hai aura 'Iraka' preraka tathA pravartakako kahate haiM, sadAcArameM vo pravRtti karAnevAlA ho usakA nAma vaTTakera' hai" / isa prakAra mukhtAra sAhabane thaTTakerakA artha pravartaka, pradhAnapadapara pratiSThita athavA zreSTha AcAraniSTha kiyA hai, aura ise kundakundAcAryakA vizeSaNa batalAyA hai / ataeva inake matase kundakunda hI vaTTakera haiN| upayukta mata-bhinnatAoMke Aloka meM mUlAcArakA adhyayana karanese jJAta hotA hai ki vaTTakera eka svatantrabAcArya haiM aura ye kundakundAcAryase bhinna haiM / gyArahavIM zatAbdoke vidvAn vasunandine vaTTakerakA ullekha spaSTa rUpase kiyA hai| ataH isa granthake racayitA AcArya vaTTakera haiM aura vaM AcArya kundakundase bhitra sambhava haiM / samaya-nirdhAraNa aura andhakI mauliktaa| baTTakarake sambandhameM abhI taka paTTAli, gurvAvali, abhilekha evaM prazastiyoMmeM sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM ho sakI hai| ata: nizcita rUpase unake samayake sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / mUlAcArako viSayavastuke adhyayanase itanA spaSTa hai ki yaha grastha prAcIna hai| isase milatI-julatI aneka gAthAe~ zvetAmbara prAcIna sutragrantha dazavekAlikameM bhI upalabdha haiN| pratyeka prakaraNake AdimeM maMgalastavanake aMkita rahanese ise saMgraha-grantha honekA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, para hamArI namra sammatimeM yaha saMgraha-grantha na hokara svataMtra grantha hai| pratyeka prakaraNake Adi athavA pranyake Adi, madhya aura ansameM maMgalastavana likhanekI prathA prAcIna samayameM svatantrarUpase likhipta granthoM meM vartamAna pI / tiloyapaNNattImeM isa prathAko dekhA jA sakatA hai / mommaTasArake Adi, madhya aura antameM bhI maMgalastavana nibaddha hai| 1. baina sAhitya itihAsapara vizada prakAza, 10 100 / 2. gommaTasAra karmakANDa aura tiloyapapapatto / zrudaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 119

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mUlAcArakA athana eka nizcita rUparekhAke AdhArapara huA hai| ata: usake sabhI prakaraNa Apasa meM eka dUsarese sambaddha hai| yadi yaha saMkalana hotA, to isake prakaraNoMmeM Adyanta ekarUpatA evaM praur3hatAkA nirvAha sambhava nahIM thaa| ataeva AcArya vaTTakerakA samaya kundakundake samakAlIna yA unase kucha hI pazcAdvartI honA caahie| vastutaH prAcIna guruparamparAmeM aisI aneka gAthAeM vidyamAna thI, jo digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI mAnyatAoMka granthoMkA srota haiM / eka hI sthAnase athavA gurUparamparAke pracalanase gAthAoMko grahaNa kara, digambara aura zvetA. mbara donoM hI mAnyatAoMke AcAryone samAnarUpase unakA upayoga kiyA hai / muni-AcAra-sambandho, yA karmaprAbhUta-sambandhI jina siddhAntoM meM matabheda nahIM thA, una siddhAntoM sambandhI mAthAoMko eka ho srotase grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / tathya yaha hai ki paramparAbheda hone ke pUrva aneka gAthAe~ ArAtiyoMke madhya pracalita thIM, aura aise kaI ArAtoya the, jo donoM hI sampradAyoMmeM samAnarUpase pratiSThita the / ataH vartamAnameM mUlAcAra, uttarAdhyayana, dazavekAlika prabhRti granthoMmeM upalabdha honevAlI samAna gAthAoMkA jo astitva pAyA jAtA hai, usakA kAraNa yaha nahIM hai ki ve gAthAe~ kisI eka sampradAyake granthoMmeM, dUsare sampradAyake granthoMse grahaNa kI gayI haiM, balki isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki una gAthAoMkA mUla srota anya koI prAcIna bhANDAra rahA hai, jo prAcIna zrutapara. mparAmeM vidyamAna thaa| baTTakera AcAryakA yahI eka sanya upalabdha hai| isameM 12 adhikAra aura 1252 gAthAe~ haiM / pahale mUlaguNa-adhikArameM pAMca mahAvata, pA~ca samiti, paMcaindriyoMkA nirodha, SaTaAvazyaka, kezalaJca, acelakatva, asnAna, kSitizayana, adantadhAvana, sthita-bhojana aura eka bAra bhojana, isa prakAra munike aTThAIsa mUlaguNAMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| bahatpratyAkhyAnasaMstava-adhikArameM kSapakako samasta pApoMkA tyAgakara matyuke samayamai darzanArAdhanA Adi cAra ArAdhanAoMmeM sthira rahane aura kSadhAdi paroSahoMko jItakara niSkaSAya honekA kAna kiyA hai| saMkSepameM pratyAkhyAnAdhikArameM siMha, vyAghra Adike dvArA Akasmika mRtyu upasthita honepara kaSAya aura AhArakA tyAgakara samatAbhAva dhAraNa karanekA nirdeza kiyA hai| samyakAcArAdhikArameM daza prakArake AcAroMkA varNana hai| AyikAoMke lie bhI vizeSa niyama varNita haiN| paMcAcArAdhikArameM darzanAcAra, jJAnAcAra Adi pA~ca AcAroM aura unake prabhedoMkA vistAra sahita varNana hai| 120 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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lokAdi mUr3hatAoMmeM prasiddha honevAloMke udAharaNa bhI prastuta kiye gaye haiN| mAdhyAya-sambandhI niyamoM meM Agama aura sutragranthoMke svarUpa bhI batalAye gaye haiN| piNDarAddhi-adhikArake ATha bheda haiN| ina sabhI bhedoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA hai| muniyoM ke AhAra-sambandhI niyama, usake dASa tathA una dAbAMke bhaMdaprabhedoMkA kathana AyA hai / muni zaroradhAraNake hetu AhAra grahaNa karate haiM aura zarIra dharma-sAdhanAkA kAraNa hai| ataH usakA bharaNa-poSaNa kara Atma sAdhanAke mAgameM gatizIla honA paramAvazyaka hai| eSaNA samiti, AhArayogya kAla, bhikSArthagamana karaneko pravRtti-vizeSa AdikA bhI varNana AyA hai / saptama SaDAvazyakAdhikAra hai| AtatyakazabdakA nirIkta sAmAyikake cha: bheda, bhAvasAmAyika aura dravyasAmAyikako vyAkhyAe~, chedopasthApanAkA svarUpa, caturvizatistava, nAma ora bhAva stavana, tIrthakA svarUpa, vandanIya sAdhu, kRti karma, kAyotsarga ke doSa AdikA varNana hai| AThaveM anagArabhAvanAdhikArameM liMga, vrata, vasati, vihAra, bhikSA, prAna, zarIra, saMskAratyAga, vAkya, tapa aura dhyAnasambanbo zuddhiyoMke pAlanapara jora diyA gayA hai| navama dvAdazAnuprekSAdhikAra hai 1 isameM oNnatya, azaraNa, ekatva, anyatva, saMsAra, loka, azucitva, savara, nirjarA, dharma, bodhi Adi anuprekSAoMke cintanakA varNana hai| dazama samapasArAdhikAra hai| isameM zAstrake sArakA pratipAdana karate hue cAritra. ko sarvazreSTha kahA hai| tapa, dhyAnakA vaNana bhA isA adhikArake antargata hai| acelakatva, anauddezikAhAra, zayyAgRhatyAga, rAjapiNDatyAga, kRtikarma, vrata, jyeSTha, pratikramaNa, mAsasthitikalpa aura paryAsthitikalpakA bhI pratipAdana AyA hai| pratilekhanakriyAkA varNana karate hue pAMca guNoMkA citraNa kiyA hai / AhArazuddhike prakaraNameM vibhinna prakArako zuddhiyoMkA nirUpaNa AyA hai / yaha adhikAra bahuta vistRta hai| gyArahaveM paryApti-adhikArameM SaDpatiyoMkA nirUpaNa hai| paryAptike saMjJA, lakSaNa, svAmitva, saMkhyA, parimANa, nivRtti aura sthiti kAlake chaH bheda kiye haiN| ina sabhI bhedoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| bArahaveM zIlaguNAdhikArameM zoloMke utpattikA krama, pRthivyAdi bhedoMkA vivecana, zramaNadharmakA svarUpavivecana, akSasaMkramaNake dvArA zolakA uccAraNa, guNoMko utpattikA krama, AlocanAke doSa, guNoMkI utpattikA prakAra, saMkhyA aura prastArake nikAlanekI vidhikA vistArapUrvaka varNana AyA hai| naSToddiSTa dvArA akSAnayanakI vidhikA bhI nirUpaNa hai| isa prakAra isa mahApranthameM munike AcArakA bahuta hI vistRta evaM sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| yatidharmako avagata karaneke lie eka sthAnapara isase zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 121

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adhika sAmagrIkA milanA duSkara hai / bhASA aura zailIko dRSTise bhI yaha pranya prAcIna pratIta hotA hai| uttaravartI aneka granthakAroMne isakI gAthAoMke uddharaNapUrvaka usakI prAmANikatA prakaTa kI hai| zivAyaM aura unakI racanA jIvana-paricaya-muni-AcArapara zivAryakI 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' atyanta mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isake anta meM jo prazasti dI gayI hai usase unakI guruparamparA evaM jIvanapara prakAza par3atA hai / prazastimeM batAyA hai ajiNaNaMdigaNi-savvaguttamaNi-ajamittaNaMdoNaM / avagamiya pAdamUle samma suttaM ca atyaM ca / / puccAyariyaNibaddhA upajIvittA imA sasatoe / bhArANA sivajjeNa pANidalabhoiNA raidA / / chadumatthadAi etya dujaM vaddhaM hojja pavayaNa-viruddhaM / sodhata sUgodatthA pavayaNavacchalladAe du|| ArAhaNA bhagavadare evaM bhattIe paNNidA sNto| saMghassa sivajassa ya samAdhivaramuttama deu'| arthAt Arya jinanandi gaNi, Arya sarvagula gaNa aura AyaM mitranandike caraNoMke nikaTa mUlasUtroM aura unake arthako acchI taraha samajhakara pUrvAcAryoM dvArA nibaddha kI gayI racanAke AdhArase pANisalabhojI zivAyane yaha ArAdhanA apanI zaktike anusAra racI hai / chapasthatA yA jJAnako apUrNatAke kAraNa isameM kucha pravacanaviruddha likhA gayA ho, to vidvajjana pravacana-vAtsalyase use zuddha kara leN| isa prakAra bhaktipUrvaka varNana ko huI bhagavato ArAdhanA saMghako aura zivAryako uttama samAdhi de / uparyuka prazastise nimnalikhita tathya niHsRta hote haiM1. zivAya pANitalabhojo honeke kAraNa digambara paramparAnuyAyI haiN| 2. Aryazabda eka vizeSaNa hai| prataH premojoke anumAnake anusAra inakA nAma zivanandi, zivagupta yA zivakoTi honA caahie| 3. bhagavatI arAdhanAko racanA pUrvAcAryoM dvArA nibaddha granthoMke AdhArapara ___4. zivArya vinIta, sahiSNu aura pUrvAcAryoMke bhakta haiN| 1, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, solApura saMskaraNa, gASA 2165-2168 / 122 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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5. inhoMne guruoMse sUtra aura usake arthakI samyak jAnakArI prApta kI hai| jinasenAcAryane AdipurANake prArambhameM zivakoTi muniko namaskAra kiyA hai / zItIbhUtaM jagadyasya vAcArAdhya catuSTayam / mokSamArga sa pAyAzaH zivako TimunIzvaraH // arthAt jinake vacanoMse prakaTa hue cAroM ArAdhanArUpa mokSa-mArgako ArAdhanA kara jagat jIva sukhI hota haiM ve zivakoTi munIzvara hamArI rakSA kreN| uparyukta padya meM jisa rUpa meM jinasena AcAryane zivakoTi munIzvarakA smaraNa kiyA hai usase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki zivakoTi munIzvara bhagavatI ArA dhanAke kartA haiM / ataeva darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura taparUpa cAra prakArakI ArAdhanAoM kA vistRta varNana karanevAle zivAya kA hI zivakoTi nAma honA cAhie hai / prabhAcandrake ArAdhanAkathAkoSa aura devacandrake rAjAvalikaye (kannaDagrantha) meM zivakoTiko svAmI samantabhadrakA ziSya batalAyA hai| ye zivakoTi kAzI yA kAMcIke zaiva rAjA the aura samantabhadrake camatkArako dekhakara unake ziSya bana gaye the / para ina kathAoMkA aitihAsika mUlya kitanA hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA | yadi vastutaH zivakoTi samantabhadrake ziSya hote, to itane bar3e grantha meM ve apane upakArI guru samantabhadrakA ullekha na kareM, yaha sambhava nahIM hai / hariSeNakRta kathAkoSa meM samantabhadrako ukta kathA nahIM hai / yaha grantha vikrama saM0 988 meM likhA gayA hai| ata: upalabdha kathAkoSoMmeM yaha sabase prAcIna hai | isa kathA koSa meM zivakoTise sambaddha samantabhadbhavAlI kathAke na milanese zivakoTikA samantabhadrakA ziSya honA zaMkAspada hai / zivakoTikA sabase purAtana ullekha AdipurANameM milatA hai| AdipurANake racayitA jinasenake samaya meM yadi zivakoTi aura samantabhadrakA ziSpagurutva prasiddha hotA to ve samantabhadrake pazcAt hI zivakoTiko stuti karate / para aisA na kara unhoMne zrIdatta, yazobhadra aura prabhAcandrakI stuti likhakara zivakoTikA smaraNa kiyA hai / afa hastimallane vikrAnta kauravameM samantabhadrake zivakoTi aura zivAyana do ziSya batalAye haiM aura unhIMke andayameM vIrasena, jinasenako batalAyA hai | para isa bAtakA koI puSTa pramANa nahIM hai ki samantabhadrakI ziSyaparamparA meM 1. AdipurANa 1149 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 123

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vIrasena evaM jinasena hue haiN| zivakoTikA to ullekha milatA bhI hai / para zivAyanakA koI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA / zivAyanakA anyatra bhI kahIM nAma nahIM AtA / bhagavatI ArAdhanAke racayitA zivakoTi samantabhadrake ziSya the, isakA sAmaka koI pramANa prApta nahIM hotA / zravaNabelagolake abhilekha naM0 105 meM zivakoTiko tattvArtha sUtrakA TIkAkAra batalAyA hai| yaha abhilekha vikrama saM0 1455 kA hai / isameM AyA huA 'etat' zabda vicAraNIya hai / zrI paM0 jugalakizorajI multArakA yaha anumAna hai ki- " tasyaiva ziSya ziva koTisUrista polatA lambanadehyaSTiH / saMsAra- vArAkara-potametattatvArthasUtraM tadalaJcakAra' | uparyukta padya tasvArtha sUtrakI usI zivakoTikRta TIkAkI prazastikA eka padya hai jo zilAlekhameM eka vicitra DhaMgase zAmila kara liyA gayA hai / anyathA zilAlekhake padyoMke anukramameM 'ettad' zabdako saMgata nahIM baiTha sakatI / ataeva zivAryakI tattvArthaM sUtrapara koI avazya TIkA rahI hai| bhale hI ve zivAya ArAdhanAke kartAse bhinna hoN| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki zilAlekha meM ullikhita samantabhadra hI unake guru hoM / aSTasahasrIpara viSamapadatAtparya TIkAke racayitA eka laghusamantabhadra hue haiM, jinakA samaya anumAnataH vikramako 13 vIM zatAbdI hai / " yadi bhagavatI ArAdhanAke racayitA zivArya yA zivakoTikI tattvArthasUtrakI koI TIkA hotI to usakA ullekha tattvArtha sUtrake anya TIkAkAra avazya karate / pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi TIkAmeM bhI usakA nirdeza avazya milatA / ataH na to bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke racayitA zivakoTika tattvArtha sUtrapara koI TIkA hI hai, aura na ve samantabhadrake ziSya hI jAna par3ate haiN| eka anya pramANa zrIpaNDita paramAnandajo zAstrIne apane eka nibandha meM upasthita kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki zivAyaMne gAthA 2079-83 meM svAmI samantabhadrako taraha guNavratoM meM bhogopabhogaparimANako na ginAkara dezAkAzikako grahaNa kiyA hai aura zikSAvratoMmeM dezAvakAzika ko na lekara bhogopabhogaparimANakA vidhAna kiyA hai| yadi ve samantabhadrake ziSya hote to isa viSaya meM unakA avazya anusaraNa karate / isa prakAra ArAdhanA ke racayitAke sAtha samantabhadrakA sambandha ghaTita nahIM hotA / 1. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, pR0 198 / 2. anekAnta, varSa 2, kiraNa 6 / 124 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA 1

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guru-paramparA aura sampadAya digambara sampradAyako paTTAvaliyoM, abhilekhoM, grantha-prazastiyoM evaM zrutAvatAra AdimeM jo paramparAeM upalabdha hotI haiM, unameM se kisI bhI paramparAmeM zivArya dvArA ullikhita apane guruoM-jinanandi, sarvagupta aura mitranandike nAma nahIM milate / zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM.."upasarvaguptaM vyAkhyAtAra:' / " arthAt samasta vyAkhyAtA sarvagaptase nIce haiM-una jaisA koI dUsarA vyAkhyAtA nahIM / bahata sambhava hai ki inhIM savaMguptake caraNoM meM baiThakara zivAyaMne satra aura unakA artha acchI taraha grahaNa kiyA ho aura tatpazcAt ArAdhanAkI racanA kI ho| zrI premojIne zAkaTAyanake ukta ullekhake AdhArapara zivArya yA zivakoTi ko yApanIya saMghakA AcArya batAyA hai / unhone apane kathanakI puSTike lie nimnalikhita pramANa upasthita kiye haiM 1. bhagavatI ArAdhanAkI upalabdha TokAoM meM sabase purAnI TIkA aparAjita sarikI hai aura jaisA ki Age batalAyA jAyagA ve nizcayase yApanIya saMghake haiN| aiso dazAmeM mUlagranthakartA zivAyaMko bhI yApanIya honeko adhika sambhAvanA hai| 2. yApanIya saMgha zvetAmbaroMke samAna stragranthoMko mAnatA hai aura aparAjita sUriko TokAmeM saikar3oM mAthAeM aisI haiM jo sUtragranthoM meM milatI haiN| 3. daza sthitakalpoMke nAmoM vAlI gAthA jAtakalpabhASya aura aneka zvetAmbara TIkAoM aura niyuktiyoM meM milatI haiN| AcArya prabhAcandra ne apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM bhI ise zvetAmbara gAthA mAnA hai| 4. ArAdhanAko 565-566 nambarako gAthAeM digambara muniyoMke AcArase mela nahIM khaatiiN| unameM bImAra munike lie cAra muniyoMke dvArA bhojana-pAna lAnekA nirdeza hai| 5. ArAdhanAkI 428vIM gAthA AcArAMga aura jotakalpa grandhoMkA ullekha karato hai, jo zvetAmbara sampradAyake prasiddha grantha hai| 6. zivAyane apaneko pANittalabhojI likhA hai| yApanIya saMghake sAdhu zvetAmbara sAdhuoMke samAna pAtrabhojI nahIM balki digambaroMke samAna karapAtrabhojI the| ___ isa prakAra zrI premIjIne zivArya yA zivakoTiko dhApanIya saMghakA AcArya mAnA hai aura inake gurukA nAma prazastike AdhArapara sarvagupta siddha kiyA hai| 1. shaakttaayn-vyaakrnn-1|3|104 / 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, prathama saMskaraNa, pRSTha 29-30 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 125

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samaya nirdhAraNa bhagavatI ArAdhanA yA mUlArAdhanAke kartA zivArya kaba hue, yaha nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / unhoMne apane samayakA nirdeza kahIM nahIM kiyA hai| paravartI AcAryoM meM jinasenAcAryane hI sarvaprathama unakA ullekha kiyA hai| jinasenakA samaya navama zatAbdI honese zivAryake samayakI sabase UparI somA I. san navama zatAbdI mAnI jA sakatI hai| zAkaTAyanake nirdezAnusAra sarvagupta unake guru haiN| zAkaTAyanakA kAla bhI zivArya ke samayakI apanI sImA ho sakatA hai| aba prazna yaha hai ki zivAryako jinasena aura pAlyakotise kitanA pahale mAnA jAya / granthakA antaraGga adhyayana karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki ArAdhanAke 40 veM vijahanA nAmaka adhikArameM ArAdhaka muniyoMke mRtaka saMskAra varNita haiM, unase granthako prAcInatApara prakAza par3atA hai / isake anusAra usa samaya munike mRtaka zarIrako vanameM kisI acchI jagahapara yoM hI chor3a diyA jAtA thaa| aura use pazu-pakSI samApta kara dete the| isa granthapara aparAjita sUri dvArA viracita 'vijayodayA' nAmaka saMskRta TIkA upalabdha hai| isa TIkAse bhI isa granthako prAcInatA prakaTa hotI hai| anya TokA-TippaNoMse yaha avagata hotA hai ki isa granthapara prAkRla-TIkAeM bhI upalabdha hoN| ina TokAkaH usleza karavA dAbAne "prAkRsaTImApAm" kahakara kiyA hai| malArAdhanAdarpaNa-TIkAmeM aneka sthaloMpara prAkRtadIkAkA nirdeza AyA hai| yathA--"prAkRtaTokAyAM tu aSTAviMzatimUlaguNAH / AcAravatvAdayazcASTI iti SaTatriMzat / " prAkRtaTIkAyAM punaridamukta-uttarApathe camaraMgamlecchaviSaye mlecchA balokAbhirmAnuSarudhiraM gRhItvA bhaMDakeSu sthApayanti / tatastena rudhireNa katipayadivasotpatavipannakRmikegorNAsUtraM raMjayitvA kaMbalaM vayaMti / so'yaM kRmirAgakaMbala ityucyate / sa cAtova rudhiravarNo bhavati, tasya hi vanhinA dagdhasyApi sa kRmirAgo nApagacchatoti / sodho zuklatApAdanaM / jadurAgavacchasodhI sindhudezalAkSAraktaTasarivastrazuddhiH / avi apiH sambhAvane / kihai kathaMcit / AyAsena / Na imA salluddharaNasodho iyaM gurUpacArapUrvikAlocanayA ratnatrayazuddhiH / 1. mUlArAdhanA, solApura saMskaraNa, san 1935, gApA 526, pR0 744 1 2. vAhI, gAthA 567, pR. 758 / 126 : tIrthakara mahApaura aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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prAkRtaTIkAyAM tu kammamalaviSpamukko kammamaleNa mellido siddhi NivvANaM patto tti prApta iti| ___ina avataraNoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki malArAdhanA yA bhagavatI ArAdhanApara prAkRtaTokA rahI hai / prAkRtaTokA likhe jAnekA samaya vikrama saMvat 6 ThI zatAbdIse pUrva hai / prAkRtagranthoMkI prAkRta bhASAmeM TIkA likhanekI paramparA 5 vI-6 ThI zatAbdI taka ho milatI hai / isake pazcAt to saMskRta bhASAmeM TIkA likhaneko paramparA prArambha ho cukI thI / ataeva mUlArAdhanAkA samaya vikrama 6ThI zatIke pUrva honA cAhie ! DaoN hIrAlAlajI jainane likhA hai-"kalpasUtrako sthavirAvalImeM eka zivabhUti AcAryakA ullekha AyA hai tathA Avazyaka mUlabhAdhyameM zivabhUtiko coranirvANase 609 varSa pazcAt boDika-digambara saMghakA saMsthApaka kahA hai| kundakundAcAryane bhAvapAhuDameM kahA hai ki zivabhUtine bhAva-vizuddhi dvArA kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| jinasenane apane harivaMzapurANameM lohAyake pazcAdvartI AcAryo meM zivagupta munikA ullekha kiyA hai| jinhoMne apane guNoMse ahaMdra bali padako dhAraNa kiyA thA..........."grantha sambhavataH I0 kI prArambhika zattAbdiyoMkA hai|" spaSTa hai ki DaoN. hI zAlAlajI TI TI T I man dvitIyatRtIya zatI mAnate haiM / isa granthapara aparAjita sari dvArA likhI gayI TIkA 7vIM-8vIM zatAbdIkI hai / ataH isase pUrva zivAyaMkA samaya sunizcita hai| DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jenane zivAyaMke samayakA vicAra karate hue likhA hai zivArya sambhavataH zvetAmbara paramparAke zivabhUti haiN| ye uttarApathakI mathurA nagarIse sambaddha haiM aura inhoMne kucha samaya taka pazcimI sindhameM nivAsa kiyA thA 1 bahuta sambhava hai ki zivAyaM bhI kundakundake samAna sarasvatI Andolanase sambaddha rahe hoN| vastuta: zivArya aisI jaina muniyoMkI zAkhAse sambandhita haiM jo una dinoM na to digambara zAkhAke hI antargata thI aura na svetAmbara zAkhAke ho| yApanIya saMghake ye bAcArya the / ataeva mathurA abhilekhoMse prApta saMketoMke AdhArapara inakA samaya I0 san kI prathama zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| 1. mUlArAdhanA, mAthA 1999, pR0 1755 / 2. bhAratIya saMskRtimeM jainadharmakA yogadAna, pR0 106 / 3. The Jaina Sources of the History of Ancient India, P. 130-31. zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 127

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke varNya viSaya ke adhyayanase spaSTa hai ki isake aneka tathya aise haiM, jo I0 pU0 tIsarI cauthI zatAbdI meM pracalita the / muniyoM kI antyeSTikAcitraNa, sallekhanAke samaya muni-paricaryA, maraNoMke bheda - prabheda Adi viSaya paryApta prAcIna haiN| bhASA aura zailIke adhyayanase bhI yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki yaha grantha I0 kI Arambhika zatAbdiyoM meM avazya likhA jA cukA thA / ArAdhanApara yaha eka aisI sAMgopAMga racanA hai, jisakI samatA anyatra nahIM milatI hai / racanA zivAryako bhagavatI ArAdhanA yA mUlArAdhanA nAmakI eka hI racanA upalabdha hai / isa grantha meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyaktapa ina cAra ArAdhanAoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM 2166 gAthAe aura cAlIsa adhikAra hai| yaha grantha itanA lokapriya rahA hai, jisase sAtavIM zatAbdI se hI isapara TIkAe aura vivRtiyA~ likhI jAtI rahI haiM / aparAjitasUrikI vijayodayA TIkA, AzAdharakI mUlArAdhanAdarpaNaTIkA, prabhAcandrakI 'ArAdhanApaMjikA' aura zivajita aruNakI bhAvArthadIpikA nAmaka TIkAe~ upalabdha haiM / isako kaI gAthAe~ 'Avazyakaniryukti', 'bRhatkalpa bhASya', 'bhaktipaiNNA', 'saMdhAraNa' Adi zvetAmbara granthoMmeM bhI pAyI jAtI haiM / hama yahA~ AdAna-pradAnakI carcA na kara itanA hI likhanA paryApta samajhate haiM ki prAcIna gAthAoMkA srota koI eka hI bhaNDAra rahA hai, jisa mUlasrotase granthakA sRjana kiyA gayA hai, vaha srota sambhavataH AcAryoM kI zrutaparamparA hI hai / vastutaH isa pratthameM ArAdhya, ArAdhaka, ArAdhanA aura ArAdhanAphala inakA samyak varNana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ ratnazraya ArAdhya hai, nirmala pariNAmavAle bhavyajIva ArAdhaka haiM. jina upAyoMse ratnatrayako prApti hotI hai, ve upAya ArAdhanA hai aura isa ratnatrayako ArAdhanA karanese abhyudaya aura mokSarUpa phalakI prApti hotI hai, yaha ArAdhanAphala hai / ina cAra ArAdhyAdi padArthoM ko ArAdhanA udyotana, udyavana, nirvahaNa, sAdhana aura nistaraNa ina upAyoMse hotI hai / samyakdarzanAdiko aticAroMse alipta rakhanA, unameM doSa utpanna na hone denA udyotana hai / AtmAmeM bArabAra samyakadarzanAdikI pariNati karate jAnA udyavana hai| parISahAdika prApta honepara sthira citta hokara samyakdarzanAdise cyuta na honA nirvahaNa hai / anya kAryoM meM citta lagane se yadi samyagdarzanAdi tirohita hone lageM, to punaH upAyoMse 128 : sIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya - paramparA

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unheM pUrNa karanA sAdhana hai / AmaraNa samyakadarzanAdikako nirdoSa dhAraNa karanA nistaraNa hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakacAritra aura samyakatapa ina cAroMkI unnati honeke lie pUrvoka pAMcoMko AvazyakatA hai / isa prakAra pratyekameM udyotanAdika pAMca upAya mAna lene para bIsa bheda hote haiN| isa bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM ina sabhI bheda-prabhedoMkA ullekha AyA hai| ___ isa granthameM 17 prakArake maraNa balalAye gaye haiN| inameM paMDitamaraNa, paMDitapaDitamaraNa aura vAlapaMDitamaraNako zreSTa kahA hai / paMDitamaraNameM bhI bhakta pratijJAmaraNako zreSTha mAnA gayA hai| liMgAdhikArameM Acelakya, koca, dehase mamatvatyAga aura pratilekhana ye cAra nigraMthaliMgake cilla batAye haiM / anayitAdhikArameM nAnA dezoM meM vihAra karaneke guNoM ke sAtha aneka rIti-rivAja, bhASA aura zAstra AdikI kuzalatA prApta karane kA vidhAna hai| bhAvanAdhikArameM tapo. bhAvanA, zrutabhAvanA, satyabhAvanA, ekasvabhAvanA aura dhRtibalabhAvanAkA prarUpaNa hai| sallekhanAdhikArameM sallekhanAke sAtha bAhya aura antarana tapoMkA varNana kiyA hai| AyikAoMko saMghameM kisa prakAra rahanA cAhie, unake lie kona-kauna viSaya katrtavya haiM tathA karena-kaunase kArya tyAjya hai AdikA pratipAdana kiyA hai| mArgaNAdhikArameM AcAryajIta aura kalpakA varNana hai| isa adhikArameM AcelakyakA bhI samarthana kiyA hai| ataH isa grandhako mAnyatA digambara sampradAyameM rahI hai| prasaMgavaza dhyAna, pariSaha, kaSAya, chapakazreNI AdikA bhA varNana hai| dhArmika viSayake sAtha kAvyAtmakatA bho isa granthameM vidyamAna hai| kaI aisI gAthAeM bhI haiM, jinameM upamAkA prayoga bahuta sundara rUpameM kiyA gayA hai| antaraGga zuddhi para bala dete hue batAyA hai ghoDayalahisamANassa tassa abbhatarammi kudhidss| bAhirakaraNaM ki se kAhiMdi baNihudakaraNassa / ' arthAt jaise ghor3eko loda bAharase caukanI dikhalAI par3atI hai, para bhItarase durgandhake kAraNa mahAmalina hai, usI prakAra jo muni bAhyADambara to dhAraNa karatA hai, para antaraMga zuddha nahIM rakhatA, usakA AcaraNa baguleke samAna hotA hai| 1. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 1347 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArma : 120

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zarIra, AhAra aura rasakolupatAkA varNana bhI upamAoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai sUktikI dRSTise isa granthakI aneka gAthAeM rasamaya evaM bodhotpAdaka hai / yahA~ do-eka gAthA udAharaNArtha prastuta karate haiM jinmAmUlaM bolei vegaLa vara-huo va AhAro / tatthe va rasaM jANai Na ya parado Na vi ya se parado // jisa prakAra uttama jAtikA azva vegapUrvaka daur3atA hai, usI prakAra jillA bhI AhArakA rasAsvAdana karaneke lie vegase daur3atI hai / yadyapi jillAkA agra bhAga hI rasAsvA letA hai, to bhI udarastha AhArakA atyalpa aMza sukhAnubhUtikA kAraNa hotA hai / AhArakA adhika bhAga to udarameM samAviSTa ho jAtA hai, aura usake udarastha honepara rasAsvAda nahIM AtA / ataeva rasAsvAdajanya sukhAnubhUti atyalpa hai | AhA ke prati gRddhatAkA tyAna karAne ke lie AcArya paridrI puruSako upamAkA prayoga karate haiN| unakA kathana hai ki AhAralampaTatA atyadhika dukhaH kA kAraNa hai| jisaprakAra dhanAdi padArthoM kI cirakAlase abhilASA karanevAlA dAradrI puruSa duHkha prApta karatA hai, usI prakAra AhAralampaTI bhI / AhArake prati sAdhakako vica. rajanya vitRSNAkA honA paramAvazyaka hai - dukkhaM giddhIdharathasmAhaTatassa hoi bahugaM ca // ciramAhaTTiyaduggayacassa va aNNamiddhoe / isa gAthAmeM prayukta upamAna- upameyabhAva viSayake spaSTIkaraNameM sazakta hai / jo kSapaka mRtyu ke samaya anucita AhArako abhilASA karatA hai, vaha madhulie talavArako dhArako cATaneke samAna kaSTa prApta karatA hai / mahulisa asivAra lehai bhujai ya so savisamaNNaM || jo maraNadesayAle patiyajJa akappiyAhAraM // mRtyuke samaya AhArako abhilASAse saMkleza pariNAma hote hai, jo durgatikA kAraNa haiM / kSapaka mRtyuke samaya yadi AhArako abhilASA karatA hai, to usakI yaha abhilASA viSamizrita anna athavA maghulipta talavArako ghArake samAna kaSTadAyaka hai | 1. bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAyA 1661 | 2. bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 1663 / 3. vahI 1665 / 130 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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subhAsita yA saktike rUpameM aneka gAthAeM' akti kI gayI haiN| yahA~ kevala do gAthAeM usa kI jAtI hai asidhAra va visaM vA dosa purisassa kuNai eyabhave / / kuNai hu muNiNo dosaM akappasevA bhvsemu|| talavAra yA viSa eka ho bhavameM manuSyako hAni pahuMcAte haiM, para muniyoM ke lie ayogya AhArakA sevana saikar3oM bhavoMmeM hAnikara hotA hai| chahiya rayaNANi bahA rayaNahove harija kaTThAni // mANusabhave vi chaMDiya dhammaM bhogemilasadi thaa|| jaise koI manuSya ratnadvIpameM jAkara raloMkA tyAgakara kASTha kharIda letA hai, usI prakAra manuSya bhavameM bhA koI dharma chor3akara viSaya-bhogoMkI abhilAvA karatA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki bar3I kaThinAIse ratnadvIpameM pahuMcanepara koI ratna na kharIdakara IMdhana kharIde, to vaha vyakti mUrkha hI samajhA jAyagA / isI prakAra isa alamya manuSyajanmako prAptakara ratnatrayako sAdhanA na kare aura viSayasukhoMmeM isa manuSyamavako vyatIta kara de, to vaha vyakti bhI uparyukta vyaktike samAna hI mUrkha mAnA jAyagA / koI vyakti nandanavanameM pahuMcakara amRtakA tyAgakara viSapAna kare, to use mahAmarsa hI kahA jaaygaa| isI prakAra jo vyakti dharmako chor3a viSayabhogoMko abhilASA karatA hai vaha bho vivekahIna hai aura nandanavanameM pahuMce hue vyaktike samAna hI mukhaM hai| __ isaprakAra bhagavato ArAdhanAmeM manuSyabhavako sArthaka karaneke lie sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNako siddhikI AvazyakatA para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| zivAryane isa anyameM prAcIna samayako aneka paramparAoMko nibaddhakara sAdhaka jIvanako saphalatApara prakAza DAlA hai| pANDitya aura pratibhA zivArya ArAdhanAke atirikta tatkAlIna svasamaya aura parasamayake bho jJAtA the| unhoMne apane viSayakA upasthitikaraNa kAvyazelImeM kiyA hai| ve Agama-siddhAntake sAtha noti. gadAcAra evaM pracalita paramparAoMse suparicita the / AcAryane jIvanake aneka citroMke raMga, nAnA anubhUtiyoMke mAdhyamame prastuta 1. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 1656 / 2. vahI, mAyA 1.2 / atannara aura mAramvatAcArya :

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1 kiye haiM / viviSa dazAoMmeM AyI huI ye anumUttiyA~ manovijJAnake eka pradarzanI kakSa meM susajjita kI jA sakatI haiN| AcAryakI abhivyaJjanA- pratimA na to kathAkArake samAna kalpanAtmaka ho hai aura na kavikI pratibhAke samAna camatkArAtmaka ho / tathya-nirUpaNako yathArtha bhUmipara sthita ho AcAryane saMsAra, zarIra aura mogokI nistaratAko laharaNa, upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka Adi alaGkAroM dvArA abhivyaktakara grAhyatA pradAna kI hai| sAhityanirmAtA ke lie mAnava-pravRttiyoka vizleSaNa aura prastutIkaraNa meM jisa rAgAtmakatAko AvazyakatA hotI hai vaha rAgAtmakatA bhI AcAryameM vidyamAna hai / zabda aura arthakA aisA rucira yoga kama hI sthAnoM para pAyA jAtA hai| katipaya gAthAoM meM to bhAvoMkA itanA saghana sanniveza vidyamAna hai, jisase abhivyaMjanAkozaladvArA bhAva sphoTanakI kriyA upasthitta rahatI hai / AcAryane nidAnakA varNana karate hue apano abhivyaJjanA - kalAkA sundara prastutIkaraNa kiyA hai| jisake manameM bhogakA nidAna hai vaha muni naTake samAna apane zIla- vratakA pradarzana karatA hai / nidAna karanese bhoga-lAlasA tuma nahIM ho sakatI hai| nidAna bA~dhanevAlA vyakti aharniza bhoga-vRttiko vRddhigata karatA rahatA hai / yathA sapariggahassa abbabhacAriNo aviradassa se maNamA / kAraNa sIla-vahaNaM hodi hu NDasamaNa evaM va' // rogaM kaMsejja jahA paDiyArasuhassa kAranA koI | taha aNNesadi dumakhaM saNidAno bhogata hAe // jaha koDhillo agga tappaMto va savasamaM lamadi / taha bhoge bhuMjaMto svaNaM pi No uvasama labhadi // kacchraM kaMDuyamANo suhAbhimANaM karedi jaha dukkhe | dukkhe suhAbhimANaM mehuNa yAdIhi kuNadi tahA * // bhoga nidAna karanevAle munikaM manameM viSayAbhilASA hai| ataH vaha parihI hai / usakA mana maithunakarmameM pravRtta honekI abhilASAse parAGmukha nahIM hai| ataH vaha zarIrase zIla-vrata dhAraNa karanevAle naTake samAna antaraGga meM 1. mUkArAdhanA, zolApura saMskaraNa, dAyA naM0-1245 / 2. bar3I gAthA na0- 1246 3. vaho, gAthA na0- 1251 / 4. vahI gAthA na0-1252 / 132 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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muni-bhAvase vyuta hai| yahAM nidarzanA dvArA AcAryame nidAnakI nissAratA vyakta ko hai / prastuta sandarbha meM do vAkyakhaNDa haiM--pahalA vAkya nidAna bA~dhanevAlA zIladhArI muni aura dUsarA vAsya zIlakA abhinaya pradarzita karanevAlA naTa hai / ye donoM vAkyakhaNDa parasparameM sApekSa haiN| arthake lie donoM eka dUsarepara nirbhara haiN| sAdhAraNataH donoM vAkyakhaNDa asambada dikhalAI par3ate haiM, para hai donoMmeM aryasaMgatti aura isa arthasaMgatikA AdhAra hai sAdRzyayojanA / isa prakAra nidarzanAdvArA AcAryane bhAvAbhivyakti kI hai| bauSadhi dvArA jaise koI vyakti noroga dekhA jAtA hai, ataH isa sukhAbhilASAse ki mauSadhikA sevana kara roga-mukta ho jAUMgA, ataH rogotpattiko icchA kare, usI prakAra bhogako lAlasAse nidAna karanevAlA muni mI duHkhaprAptiko icchA karatA hai / yahA~para bhI AcAryane do yAkyoMkI yojanA kI hai| prathama vAkyameM sAdRzyamUlaka udAharaNa hai, jisake dvArA dvitIya vAyakI puSTi ho rahI hai / isa gAthAmeM lakSaNA aura vyanjanA zaktiyAM bhI samAviSTa haiM / oSadhilAbhakI AkAMkSAse koI rogotpatti nahIM krtaa| yadi vaha rogotpatti karatA hai to usase bar3hakara anya koI buddhihIna nhiiN| iso prakAra bhogopabhogoko lAlasAse prerita hokara jo nidAna karatA hai vaha muni bhI nirbuddhi hI hai| isa gAthAmeM dRSTAntAlaGkArako yojanA hai| kuchI manuSyake agni-tApakA udAharaNa dekara nidAnako asAratA citrita kI gayI hai| jisa prakAra kucha manuSya agnise zarIra tapanepara bhI upazamako prApta nahIM hotA, pratyuta vRddhiMgata hotA hai, usI prakAra viSayamAMgoMko abhilASA bhoga-zaktiko upazAmaka nahIM, apitu vadhaka hai| khujalIrogako nakhoMse khujalAnevAlA manuSya apaneko sumbI samajhatA hai, usI prakAra sparzana, AliGgana Adi du:khoMse bhI apaneko sukhI mAnatA hai| ukta donoM gAthAoMmeM AcAryane udAharaNAladvArako yojanA kI hai| yahAM yathA ora tathA zabda prayukta hokara bhAva-sAmya upasthita karate haiN| upameya aura upamAna ina donoM meM vimba-pratibimbabhAva hai| nidAnajanya bhogAbhilASAko vyartha siddha karaneke lie AcAryane kuSThIkA agni-tApa evaM kaNDamAnatAko tuSTi Adike udAharaNa prayukta kiye haiN| isa prakAra dhArmika viSayoko sarasa aura camatkRta banAneke lie alaGkRta zailIkA vyavahAra kiyA hai| kumAra yA svAmI kumAra athavA kArtikeya bora unako racanAeM kumAra yA kArtikeyake sambandhameM abhI taka nirvivAda sAmagrI upalabdha dhRtadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 133

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nahIM huI hai| hariSeNa, zrIcandra aura brahmanemidattake kayAkoSoMmeM batAyA gayA hai ki kArtikeyane kumArAvasthAmeM hI muni-dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI / inakI bahanakA vivAha roheDa nagarake rAjA krauJcake sAtha huA thA aura unhoMne dAruNa upasarga sahana kara svargalokako prApta kiyA / ye agninAmaka rAjAke putra the| ___ 'tasvArthavAtikameM anuttaropapAdadazAMgake varNana-prasaMgameM dAruNa upasarga sahana karanevAloMmeM kArtikeyakA bhI nAma bAyA hai| isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki kArtikeya nAmake koI una tapasyo hue haiN| granthake antameM jo prazastimAyAeM dI gayo haiM ve nimna prakAra haiM jiNavayaNabhAvapaTTha, sAmikumAreNa prmsddhaae| raiyA aNuvehAtho, caMcalamaNaraMbhaSaTuM ca / / vArasaaNuvekkhAgo, bhaNiyA hu viNAgamAraNusAreNa / jo paDhai suNai bhAvai, so pAvai sAsayaM sokkhaM / tihayaNapahANasAmi, kumArakAleNa taviyatavayaraNaM / vasupujjasuyaM maoNlla, caramattiya sathuve NicvaM // yaha anuprekSAnAmaka grantha svAmI kumArane zraddhApUrvaka jinavacanako prabhAvanA tathA caMcala manakA rokaneke lie bnaayaa| ye bAraha anuprekSAeM jinAgamake anusAra kahA hai, jo bhavya jIva inako par3hatA, sunatA aura bhAvanA karatA hai, vaha zAzvata sukha prApta karatA hai / yaha bhAvanArUpa kattaMvya arthakA upadezaka hai| ataH bhavya jovoMko inheM par3hanA, sunanA aura inakA ciMtana karanA caahie| __ kumAra-kAlameM dIkSA grahaNa karanevAle vAsupUjina, mAlAjana, neminAthajina, pAzcanAdhajina evaM vardhapAna ina pA~coM bAla-pAtiyoMkA meM sadeva stavana karatA huuN| ina prazasti-gAthAoMse nimnalikhita niSkarSa nikalate haiM1. vArasa anuprekSAke racayitA svAmI kumAra haiM / 2. ye svAmI kumAra bAlabahmacArI the| iso kAraNa inhoMne antya maMgalake rUpameM pAMca bAlatiyoMko namaskAra kiyA hai| 3. caJcala mana evaM viSaya-vAsanAoMke virodhakelie ye anuprekSAeM likhI gaI haiN| 1. tatvArSavArtika / 2. vArasa amuvebasA, gAyA na. 487, 468, 489 / 134 : toSakara mahAvIra baura unako bAcArya-paramparA

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mathurAke eka abhilekhameM ucca nAgarake kumAranandikA ullekha AyA haikSuNe uccai garasyAyyakumAranandiziSyasya mitrasya' / eka anya abhilekhameM bhI kumAranandikA nAma prApta hotA hai / ina abhilekhoMmeM kumAranandikA nAma AyA hai aura unheM nAgara zAkhAkA AcArya kahA hai| isa zAkhAkA astitva I. sama kI mAsAdiyoM thA aura isa zAkhAke AcAryoMne sarasvatto-AndolanameM grantha-nirmANakA kArya kiyA / ataH kumAranandi aura svAmI kumAra yadi eka vyakti hoM, to unakA samaya I0 san ko Arambhika zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai; para abhI taka ipalabdha pramANoMke AdhArapara ina donAkA abhinnatva siddha nahIM hai| saMkSepameM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki svAmI kArtikeya pratibhAzAlI, AgamapAragAmI aura apane samayake prasiddha AcArya haiM / yo paramparAse kArtikeyakI dvAdaza anupraMkSAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM / isa granthameM kahIM para bhI kArtikeyakA nAma nahIM AyA hai aura na granyako ho kAttikayAnupraMkSA kahA gayA hai| granthake pratijJA ora samApti vAkyoma granthakA nAma sAmAnyataH 'aNupehA' yA 'aNapekkhA' aura vizeSataH 'bArasa aNavekkhA' nAma AyA hai| bhadrAraka zubhacandrane isa granthapara vikrama saMvat 1613 (I0 san 15:6) meM saMskRta TokA likhI hai / isa TIkAmeM aneka sthAnoMpara granthakA nAma kArtikeyAnuprekSA diyA hai aura granthakArakA nAma kArtikeya muni prakaTa kiyA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kArtikeyazabda kumAra yA svAmI kumArakA paryAyavAcI yahA~ vyavahRta kiyA gayA ho| yaha satya hai ki zubhacandra bhaTTArakake pUrva anya kisI bhI granthameM bArasa-aNuvekkhAke racayitAkA nAma kAtikeya nahIM AyA hai| zubhacandrane 394 saMkhyaka gAthAko TokA kAttikeya munikA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| likhA hai-"svAmIkArtikeyamuniH krauJca rAjakRtopagarga soDhvA sAmya. pariNAmena samAdhimaraNebha devaloka prApta / " spaSTa hai ki svAmI kAtikeya muni krauJca rAjakRta upasargako samabhAvasa sahakara samAdhipUrvaka maraNake dvArA devalokako prApta hue| bhagavattI ArAdhanAko gAthA-saMkhyA 1549 ma krauJca dvArA upasargako prApta hae eka vyaktikA nirdeza AyA hai| sAthameM upasargasthAna rAheDaka aura zakti 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, dvitIyabhAga, mathurA abhilekha saMkhyA-64, pu0-45 / 2. vahI, abhilekha-121, pR0111-12| 3. svAmikAtikeyo munIndrA aprekSAdhyAkhyAtukAmaH / gAthA na0-1 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 135

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hathiyAra kA bhI ullekha hai / para kArtikeya nAmakA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM hai / usa vyaktiko 'agnidayitaH likhA hai, jisakA artha agnipriya hai| mUlArAdhanAdarpaNa meM likhA hai -- " roheDayammi roheTakanAmni nagare sattoe zaktyA zastravizeSeNa kauMcanAmnA rAjJA / aggidaido agnirAjanAmno rAjJaH putraH kArtikeyasaMjJaH / "" arthAt roheDanagara meM kauMca rAjAne agnirAjAke putra kArtikeya muniko zaktinAmaka zastrase mArA thA aura munirAjane usa duHkhako samatApUrvaka sahanakara ratnatrayakI prApti kI thii| isa TIkAse prakaTa hotA hai ki kArtikeyane kumArAvasthA meM munidIkSA lI thii| batAyA gayA hai ki kArtikeyakI bahana roheDa nagarake kauMca rAjAke sAtha vivAhita thii| rAjA kisI kAraNavaza kArtikeyase asantuSTa ho gayA aura usane kArtikeya ko dAruNa upasarga diye| ina upasargoko samatAse sahanakara kArtikeyane devaloka prApta kiyaa| isa kathAke AdhArapara itanA to spaSTa hai ki isa granthake racayitA kArtikeya sambhava hai aura anyakA nAma bhI kArtikeyAnuprekSA kalpita nahIM hai / samaya-nirdhAraNa mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA aura kundakundakRta 'bAraha aNuvekkhA' meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA krama aura unako pratipAdaka gAthAeM eka hI hai / yahA~taka ki unake nAma bhI eka ho haiM / kintu kArtikeyako 'bArahamapNuvekkhA' meM na vaha krama hai aura na ke nAma haiM / isameM krama aura nAma tattvAthaMsUtrakI taraha hai / tatvArtha sUtra meM anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azucitva, Asrava, saMdara, nirjarA, loka, codhidurlabha aura dharma isa krama tathA nAmoMse 12 bhAvanAe~ AyI hai / ThIka yahI krama aura nAma kArtikeyako 'aNuvekvAmeM haiN| bataeva isa bhinnatA kArtikeya na kevala baTukera, zivArya aura kundakundake uttaravartI pratIta hote haiM, apitu tattvArtha sUtrakArake bhI uttaravartI jAna par3ate haiN| parantu yahA~ kahA jA sakatA hai ki tattvArtha sUtrakArake samakSa bhI koI krama rahA hai, tabhI unhoMne apane granthameM usa kamako nibaddha kiyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI sambhAvanA hai ki bhAvanAoMke donoM hI krama pracalita rahe hoM, eka kramako kundakunda, zivAyeM, vaTukera Adine apanAyA aura dUsare kramako svAmI kArtikeya, gRddhapiccha Adine / ataH bhAvanAkramake apanAne ke AdhArapara kArtikeya ke samayakA - bhagavatI ArAdhanAkI mUlArAdhanA-darpaNaTIkA, solApura saMskaraNa, gAthA - 1549 / 10 1443 / 2 0 0 9-7 / 136 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya - paramparA

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nirdhAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura na unake bAraha aNuvekkhA' granthako arvAcInatA hI siddha kI jA sakatI hai| svAmikArtikeyake samayakA vicAra karate hue DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene 'bArasa - aNuvekkhA' kA antaHparIkSaNakara batalAyA hai ki isa granthakI 279 vIM gAthAmeM 'Nisunahi' aura 'bhAvahi' ye do pada apabhraMzake A ghuse haiM, jo vartamAnakAla tRtIya puruSake bahuvacanake rUpa haiM / yaha gAthA 'joindu' ke yogasArakai 65 va dohe ke sAtha milatI-julatI hai aura dohA tathA gAthA donoMkA bhAva bhI eka hai / ataeva isa gAthAko 'joindu' ke dohe kA parivartita rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai / yathA viralA jANahi tattu bahU viralA jhAryAha tattu jiya viralA NisurNAha tattu | viralA dhArahiM tattu // X x X X viralA NisuNahi tantraM viralA jANaMti taccado taccaM / viralA bhAvahi tacca viralANaM dhAraNA hodira || ataH ina donoM sandarbhoMka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke AdhArapara kArtikeyakA samaya joinduke pazcAt honA cAhie / zrI jugalakizora mukhtArane DaoN0 upAdhyeke isa abhimatakA parokSaNa karate hue likhA hai ki " yaha gAthA kArtikeya dvArA likhita nahIM hai / jisa lokamAnAke prakaraNameM yaha AyI hai, vahA~ isakI saMgati nahIM baiThatI / " AcArya mustArane apane kathanako puSTike lie gAthAoMkA kama bhI upasthita kiyA hai / unhoMne likhA hai- "svAmIkumArane hI yogasArake doheko parivartita karake banAyA hai, samucita pratIta nahIM hotA - khAsakara usa hAlata meM jabaki granthabharameM apabhraMsa bhASAkA aura koI prayoga bhI na pAyA jAtA ho / bahuta sambhava hai ki kisI dUsare vidvAnane doheko gAthAkA rUpa dekara use apanI grantha- pratimeM noTa kiyA ho, aura yaha bhI sambhava hai ki yaha gAthA sAdhAraNase pAThabhedake sAtha adhika prAcIna ho, aura yogendune ho isaparase thor3ese parivartana ke sAtha apanA ukta dohA banAyA ho; kyoMki yogenduke paramArthaprakAza Adi granthoMmeM aura bhI kitane hI dAhaM aise pAye jAte haiM, jo bhAvapADuDa tathA samAdhitaMtrAdike paJcaparase parivartana karake banAye gaye hai aura jise DaoN0 sAhabane svayaM svIkAra 1. yogasAra, patra saMkhyA 65 // 2. kArtikeya, vArasavekhA, mAyA na0 279 / zrutabhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 137

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kiyA hai| jaba ki svAmIkumArake isa granthakI aisI koI bAta abhI taka sAmane nahIM AyI / " ___ AcArya mukhtAra sAhabakA yaha niSkarSa ucita mAlUma hotA hai, kyoMki yogasArakA viSaya kramabaddha rUpase nahIM hai / isameM kundakundako aneka gAthAoMkA rUpAntaraNa milatA hai / kundakundane karmavimukta AtmAko paramAtmA batalAte hue; use jJAnI, parameSThI, sarvajJa, viSNa, caturmukha aura buddha kahA hai| yogasArameM bhI usake jina, buddha, viSNu, ziva Adi nAma batalAye hai| isake atirikta jo indune kundakundake samAna ho nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM dvArA AsmAkA kathana kiyA hai| yogasAra aura paramArthaprakAza ina donoMkA viSaya samAna hone para bhI yogasAra saMgrahagrantha jaisA pratIta hotA hai| isameM kaI tathya chUTa bhI gaye haiM / dAhA 99-103 dvArA sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi aura sUkSmasAmparAya saMyamakA svarUpa batalAyA hai / yahA~ yathAkhyAta cAritrakA svarUpa chUTa gayA hai| ataeva yogasArake dAhekA parivartita rUpa kAtikeyAnuprekSA honeke AdhArapara kArtikeyako arvAcIna batAnA yukta nahIM hai| ___ AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArane samaya-nirNaya karate huye likhA hai-"mero samajhameM yaha granya umAsvAtike tattvArthasUtrase adhika bAdakA nahIM, usake nikaTavartI kiso samayakA honA cAhiye, aura usake kartA ve agniputra kAtikeya muni nahIM haiM, jo sAdhAraNataH isake kartA samajha jAte haiM, aura kraoNca rAjAke dvArA upasagako prApta hue the, balki svAmIkumAra nAmake AcArya hI haiM, jisa nAmakA ullekha unhoMne svayaM 'antyamaMgala' ko gAthAmeM zleSa rUpase kiyA hai"| __ AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArake ukta matase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki kAttikeya gRddhapicchake samakAlIna athavA kucha uttarakAlona haiN| arthAt vi. saM0 ko dUsarI-tIsarI zatI unakA samaya honA caahie| racanA dvAdazAnuprakSAmeM kula 489 gAthAeM haiN| inameM aghra va, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyasva, azucitla, Asrava, saMvara, nijarA, loka, boSadurlabha aura dharma ina bAraha anupaMkSAoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| prasaMgavaza bIna, 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsapara vizada prakAza, pR. 499 / 2. bhAvapAhura, gAyA 149 tathA yogasAra padya 9 / 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, pa. 500 1 138 : tIthaMkara mahAvIra kaura unako AcArya-parampA

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bajova, Asava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA ora mAkSa i. sAta tatvAMkA svarUpa bhI baNita hai / jIvasamAsa tathA mArgaNAke nirUpaNake sAtha. dvAdazavrata, pAtroMke bheda. dAtAke sAta guNa, dAnavI zreSThatA, mAhAtmya, sallakhanA, daza dharma, samyaktva ke ATha aMga, bAraha prakArake tapa evaM dhyAnake bheda-prabhedoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| AcAryakA svarUpa evaM Atmazuddhiko prakriyA isa granthameM vistArapUrvaka Nita hai| adhra vAnaprakSAmeM 4-22 gAthAe haiN| azaraNAnuprakSAma 23-31; saMsArAnuprekSAmeM 32-73; ekatvAnuprakSAmeM 74-79; anyatvAnuzAma 80-82: azucitvAnuprakSAmai 83-87; yAsavAnuprakSAma 88-14; saMvarAnukSAmeM 95-101, nirjarAnukSAmeM 102-114; lokAnuprekSAma 115-283; bodhidurlabhAnuprekSAmeM 284-301 evaM dharmAnupraMkSAmeM 302-435 mAthAeM haiM / 436 mAthAse antataka dvAdaza tapoMkA varNana AyA hai / adhra vAnuprekSAna samasta vastuoMkI anityatA batalAte hae vastukA svarUpa sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka kahA hai| sAmAnya dravyarUpa hai, aura vizeSa guNa paryAyarUpa / dravyarUpase vastu nitya hai kintu paryAyakI apekSAse vastu anitya hai / yaha saMsArakA prANI paryAyabuddhi hai, jisase paryAyoMko utpanna aura naSTa hote dekhakara harSa viSAda karatA hai, aura usako nitya rakhanA cAhatA hai / yaha zarIra jIva-pudgalako saMyoga janita paryAya hai dhana-dhAnyAdika pudgala paraNuoMko skandha paryAya hai| inake saMyoga aura viyoga niyamase avazya haiM, jo sthiratAko vuddhi karatA hai, vaha mAhanita bhAvake kAraNa saMkleza prApta karatA hai| sasArako samasta avasthAeM virodhI bhAvoMse yukta haiM / jaba janma hotA hai, taba use sthira samajhakara harSa utpanna hotA hai, maraNa honepara nAza mAnakara zoka karatA hai / isa prakAra iSTakI prAptimeM harSa, aprApti meM viSAda tathA aniSTa prAptimeM viSAda, aprAptimeM harSa karatA hai, yaha bhI saba mohakA mAhAtmya hai| AcArya sAdRzyamUlaka upamA prastutakara parivAra, vandhuvarga, stro, putra, mitra, dhanadhAnyAdiko anityatAkA citraNa karate hue kahate hai adhiraM pariyaNa-savaNaM, putta-kalattaM sumitta-lAvaNNaM / giha-gohapAi sanca, Nava-dhaNa-videNa saaritthN'| parivAra, bandhuvarga, putra, strI, mitra, saundarya, gRha, dhana, pazu sampatti ityAdi sabhI vastueM navIna medha-samahake mamAna asthira haiM / indriyoMke vipaya, bhRtya, azva, gaja, ratha Adi sabhI padArtha indradhanuSake samAna asthira haiM / puNyake udayase prApta hone vAlI cakravartIko lakSmI bhI nitya nahIM haiM, taba 1. svAmiphumAra, dvAdazAnuprekSA, gApA 6 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 139.

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vaha puNyahona athavA alpapuNyavAle vyaktiyoMse kese prema karegI ? kavine iso ko samajhAte hue likhA hai kattha vi Na ramai laccho, kulINa-dhore vi paMDie suure| pujje dhammi? vi ya, sarUpa-suyaNe mahAsatte' / arthAt yaha lakSmI kulavAna, dhairyavAna, paMDita, sughaTa, pUjya, dharmAtmA, rUpavAna, sujana, mahAparAkramI ityAdi kisI bhI puruSase prema nahIM karatI, yaha jalako taraMgoMke samAna caMcala hai / isakA nivAsa eka sthAnapara adhika samaya taka nahIM rhtaa| isa prakAra AcArya svAmikumArane saMsAra, zarIra, bhoga aura lakSmIko asthiratAke cintanako aghra vAnaprekSA kahA hai| azaraNa bhAvanAmeM batAyA hai ki maraNa karate samaya koI mo prANIkI zaraNa nhiiN| jisaprakAra vanameM siMha magake baccako jaba perake nIce dabA letA hai, taba koI bho usakI rakSA nahIM kara sakA deva, , ta, josa Adi sabhI mRtyuse rakSA karane meM asamartha haiN| rakSA karane ke lie jitane upAya kiye jAte haiM, ve saba vyarya siddha hote haiN| Ayuke kSaya honepara koI eka kSaNake lie bhI AyudAna nahIM sakatA AuSakhayeNa maraNaM Au' dAuM Na sakkade ko vi / tamhA devido vi ya, maraNAra Na rakkhade ko' vi Ayukarmake kSayase maraNa hotA hai aura Ayukarmako koI dene meM samartha nahIM, ataeva devendra bhI mRtyuse kisoko rakSA nahIM kara sakatA hai / isa prakAra azaraNarUpa cintanakA samAveza azaraNa-bhAvanAmeM hotA hai| saMsAra-anuprekSAmeM batAyA hai ki saMsAra-paribhramaNakA kAraNa mithyAtva aura kaSAya hai| ina donoMke nimittase hI jIva cAroM gatiyoMmeM paribhramaNa karatA hai| hiMsA, asatya, caurya, abrA aura parigraharUpa bhAvanAke kAraNa vibhinna gattiyoMmeM isa jIvako paribhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| AghAyaMne isa bhAvanAmeM cartugatike duHkhoMkA varNana bhI saMkSepameM kiyA hai| manuSyagatike huHkhoMkA pratipAdana karate hue saMsAra svabhAvakA vizleSaNa vizleSaNa kiyA hai-- kassa vi duTukalitaM, kassa vi dubbasaNavasanio putto / kassa vi arisamabaMdhU, kassa vi duhitA vi ducariyA / / 1. vahIM, gAthA 11 1 2. svAmikumAra, dvAdazAnuprekSA, gAthA 28 / / 140 : tIyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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maradi suputto kassa vi, kassa vi mahilA viNassade iTThA | kassa vi aggIpalitaM, gihaM kuTuMbaM caDajjheI' | saMsArameM nahIM hai| isa manuSyagati meM nAnAprakArake duHkha hai / kisIkI strI durAcAriNI hai, kisIkA putra vyasanI hai, kimIkA bhAI zatruke samAna kalahakArI hai / evaM kimIko putro duzcaritrA hai| isa prakAra saMsArakI viSama paristhiti manuSyako sukhakA kaNa bhI pradAna nahIM karatI hai / kisoke putrakA marA ho jAtA hai, kisIkI bhAryAkA maraNa ho jAtA hai aura kisIke ghara evaM kuTumba jalakara bhasma ho jAte haiN| isaprakAra manuSyagatimeM aneka prakArake duHkhoM ko sahana karatA huA yaha jIva dharmAcaraNabuddhike abhAva ke kAraNa kaSTa prApta karatA hai / manuSyagati kI to bAta hI kyA, devagati meM bhI nAnAprakArake duHkha isa prANIko sahana karane par3ate haiM / isaprakAra saMsArAnuprekSA meM saMsAra ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAvarUpa paMcaparAvartanoM kA varNana AyA hai / ekatvAnuprekSAmeM batAyA gayA hai ki jIva akelA hI utpanna hotA hai aura akelA hI nAnA prakAra ke kaSToM ko sahana karatA hai / nAnAprakArakI paryAe yaha jova dhAraNakara sAMsArika kaSToMko bhogatA hai| roga, zoka janya aneka prakArake kaSToMko akelA hI bhogatA hai| puNyArjanakara akelA hI svarga jAtA hai aura pApArjana dvArA akelA ho naraka prApta karatA hai | apanA duHkha apane ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai, usakA koI bhI hissedAra nahIM hai / isaprakAra ekatva bhAvanA meM AcAryane jovako zarIrase bhinna batAyA hai savvAyareNa jANaha, evakaM jAvaM sarIrado bhiSNaM / jamhi du muNide jove, hodi asesaM khaNe heya / / arthAt saba prakArake prayatnakara zarIra se bhinna akelaM jIvako avagata karanA caahiye| yaha jIva samasta paradravyoM se bhinna hai / ataH svayaM hI karttA aura bhoktA hai / isaprakAra ekatvAnutra kSAmeM akele jovako hI karttA aura bhokA honeke cintanakA varNana kiyA hai / 1 anyatvAnuprekSAmeM zarIra se AtmAko bhinna anubhava karanekA varNana kiyA hai | sabhI bAhya padArtha AtmasvarUpase bhinna haiN| AtmA jJAnadarzana sukharUpa hai aura yaha saMsArake samasta pudgalAdi padArthoMke svarUpase bhinna hai| isaprakAra anyasvAnuprakSAmeM AtmA ke bhinna svarUpake cintanakA kathana AyA hai / 1. svAmikumAra, dvAdazAnuprekSA, gAthA 53-54 / 2. vahI, mAthA 79 / tara aura sArasvatAcArya 141

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azucitvAnuprakSAmeM zarorako samasta apavitra vastuoMkA samUha mAnakara virata DAnakA saMdeza diyA gayA hai| zarIra atyanta apavitra hai| isake samparka meM AnevAle candana, kapara, kesara Adi sugandhita padArtha bho durgandhita ho jAta haiM / ataH isakI azucitAkA cintana karanA azucitvAnprekSA hai / AsravAnaprakSAmeM Asravake svarUpa, kAraNa, bheda evaM usake mahatvake cintana kA varNana AyA hai| mana, vacana, kAyakA nimitta prAptakara jocake pradezoMkA caMcala honA yoga haiM, isIko Aslaca kahate haiN| bandhakA kAraNa Asrava hai, mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yogake nimittase bandha hotA hai| yaha Asava puNya aura pAparUpa hotA hai / zubhAsrava puNyarUpa hai aura azubhAsrava pAparUpa hai| isI sandarbhameM kaSAyoMke tIvra aura manda bhedoMkA bhI vivecana AyA hai| AsravAnuprekSAmeM Asravake svarUpakA vicAra karate huye usase alipta rahane kA upadeza hai| __saMvarAnuprakSAmeM saMbarake svarUpa aura kAraNoMkA vivecana karate hue samyaktya, vrata, gupti, samiti, anuprakSA, parigahajaya AdikA cintana Avazyaka mAnA hai| isI sandarbhameM Arta aura rodra pariNatike tyAgakA bho kathana kiyA hai, jo vyakti indriyoMke viSayoMse virakta hotA huA saMvararUpa pariNatiko prApta karatA hai usIke saMvarabhAvanA hotI hai| nirjarAbhAvanAkA vivecana karate huye batAyA hai ki jo ahaMkAra rahita hokara tapa karatA hai, usIke nirjarAnupaMkSA hotI hai| khyAti, lAbha, pUjA aura indriyoMke viSayabhoga bandhake nimitta haiN| nidAnarahita sapa hI nirjarAkA kAraNa hai / AcAryane prArambhameM ho vairAgya-bhAvanAko uddIptikA varNana karate hue kahA hai--- vArasaviheNa tavasA, NiyANarahiyassa NijjarA hodi / veragmabhAvaNAdo, NirahaMkArassa NAbhissa' / / nidAnarahita, ahaMkArarahita, jJAnIke bAraha prakArake tapase tathA vegagya bhAvanAse nirjarA hotI hai| samabhAvase nirjarAko vRddhi hotI hai| nirjarA do prakArakI hai- savipAka aura avipAka | karma apanI sthitiko pUrNa kara, udayarasa dekara svira jAte haiM use sabipAka nirjarA kahate haiM / yaha nirjarA saba jIvoMke hotI hai / aura tapake kAraNa jo karma sthiti pUrNa haye binA hI khira jAte haiM, vaha avipAka nirjarA kahalAtI hai / savipAka nirjarA kAryakArI nahIM hai / avipAka nirjarA ho kAryakArI hai / ataeva indriyoM aura kaSAyoMkA nigraha karake parama 1. svAmikumAra, dvAdazAnupremA, gApA 102 / 142 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bItarAga bhAvarUpa AtmadhyAnameM lona honA utkRSTa nirjarA hai / I lokAnutraM kSA meM lokake svarUpa aura AkAra-prakArakA vistArase varNana hai / AkAzadravyakA kSetra ananta hai aura usake bahumadhya dezameM sthita loka hai| yaha kisIke dvArA nirmita nahIM hai| jIvAdi dravyokA paraspara eka kSetrAvagAha hone se yaha loka kahalAtA hai / vastutaH dravyoM kA samudAya loka kahA jAtA hai / loka dravyakI dRSTise nitya hai, para parivartanazIla paryAyoMkI apekSA pariNAmI hai / yaha pUrva-pazcima dizAmeM nIceke bhAgameM sAta rAju caur3A hai| vahA~ anukramase ghaTatA huA madhyalokameM eka rAju rahatA hai| punaH Upara anukramase bar3hatA bahatA brahma svarga taka pAMca rAju caur3A ho jAtA hai, pazcAt ghaTate ghaTate antameM eka rAja raha jAtA hai / isaprakAra bar3e kiye gaye Der3ha mRdaMgakI taraha lokakA pUrva-pazcimameM AkAra hotA hai| uttara-dakSiNa meM bhI sAta rAju vistAra hai| maikake nIce bhI sAta rAju adholoka hai / lokazabdakA artha batalAte hue likhA haidIti jattha atthA jIvAdIyA sa bhaNNade loo / tassa siharammi siddhA, aMttavihINA virAyaMte // jahA~ jIvAdika padArtha dekhe jAte haiM, vaha loka kahalAtA hai / lokamaM jova. pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina chaH dravyAMkA nivAsa hai / isa anuprakSA ina chahoM dravyoM kA vistAra pUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| lokAnuprakSA meM dravyoMke svabhAva-guNako batalAte huye, zarIra se bhinna AtmAkI anubhUti karanekA citraNa kiyA hai / isa bhAvanA meM guNasthAnoMke svarUpa aura bhedoMkA bhI kathana AyA hai tathA sapta nayoMkI apekSAse jovAdi padArthoMkA vivendrana bhI kiyA gayA hai / bodhidurlabha bhAvanAeM AtmajJAnakI durlabhatApara prakAza DAlA gayA hai / ArambhameM batalAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra meM samasta padArthoMkI prApti sulabha hai, para AtmajJAnakI prApti honA atyanta duSkara hai| samyaktvake binA AtmajJAna prApta nahIM hotaa| jise manda karmodayase ratnatraya bhI prApta ho gayA ho, vaha vyakti yadi tIvra kaSAya ke adhIna rahe, to usakA ratnatraya naSTa ho jAtA hai aura vaha durgatikA pAtra banatA hai | prathama to manuSyagatikI prApti ho durlabha hai aura isa paryAyake prApta ho jAnepara bhI samyaktvakA milanA duSkara hai / samyaktva ke prApta honepara bho samyak bodhakA milanA aura bhI kaThina hai| isaprakAra svAmikArtikeyane vodhikI durlabhatAkA kathana karate huye ratnatrayake svarUpa Adi para prakAza DAlA hai / 1. svAmikumAra, dvAdazAnuprekSA, 121 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya 143

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dharmAnuprekSAmeM dharmakA yathArtha svarUpa atIndriya batalAyA hai| dharmakA vAstavika rUpa sarvajJatA hai / sarvajJasAke, astitvameM kisIprakArakA sandeha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa dharmAnuprekSAmeM karmabandhake cakravAlakA bhI vizleSaNa bAyA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki saMzava saba pravyA, kAna, kAla bhAyoMko avasthAboMko jAnate haiN| sarvajJake jJAnameM saba kucha prakAzita hotA hai| unake zAnameM jisa prakArake padArthokI paryAyeM prativimbita hotI haiM, una paryAya janya phala vaisA ho ghaTita hotA hai| usameM koI kisI prakArakA parivartana nahIM kara sakatA hai| nimna donoM gAyAoMse paryAyoMkI niyata sthiti siddha hotI hai jaM jassa jammi dese, jeNa vihANeNa jammi kAlammi / jAdaM jiNeNa NiyadaM, bamma vA ahava maraNaM vA // taM tassa tammi dete, teNa vihANeNa tammi kAlammi / ko sakkadi vArevu, IdA vA maha jiNido vA / ' jo jisa jovake jisa dezameM, jisa kAlameM, jisa vidhAnase janma-maraNa, duHkha-sukha, roga-dAridra Adi sarvajJadevake dvArA jAne gaye haiM, ve niyamase hI usa prANoko usI dezameM, usI kAla meM aura uso vidhAnase prApta hote haiN| indra, jinendra yA tIrthaMkaradeva anya koI bho usakA nivAraNa nahIM kara sakate / isa prakArake nizcayase saba dravya, jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina dravyoM aura inakI samasta paryAyoMkA jo zraddhAna karatA hai, vaha zuddha samyakadaSTa hai| yaha smaraNIya hai ki jIva mithyAtvakarmake, upazama, kSayopazama yA kSayake binA tattvArthako grahaNa nahIM kara pAtA / isaprakAra dharmAnuprekSAmeM vyavahAradharma aura nizcayadharmakA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai / 186 gAthAoMmeM isa anuprekSAkA varNana AyA hai / anazanAdi bAraha tapa bhI isI varNanasaMdarbha meM samAviSTa haiN| bAraha vratoMke nirUpaNameM guNavatoM aura zikSAvratoMkA krama dahI hai, jo kundakundake 'cAritrapAGaDa meM pAyA jAtA hai / meda kevala itanA hI hai ki antima zikSAvata saMllekhanA nahIM, kiMtu dezAvakAzika grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha guNavatoM aura zikSAghra tokI vyavasthA tattvArthasUtrase saMkhyAkramameM bhinna hai, aura zrAvakaprAptiko vyavasthAke tulya hai| isa prakAra dharmAnuprekSAmeM tapoM aura vratoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana AyA hai| zrAvakadharma aura munidharmako saMkSepameM avagata karane ke lie yaha grantha upayogI hai| 1. svAmikumAra, dvAvazAnuprekSA, gAthA 321, 322 / 144 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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racanA-pratibhA svAmI kArtikeyakI racanA-zakti zivArya ora kundakundake samAna hai / viSayako sarala aura subodha banAneke lie upamAnoMkA prayoga pada-padapara kiyA gayA hai| lekhaka jisa tathyakA pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai, usa tathyako bar3I ho dar3hatAke sAtha upasthita kara detA hai| praznottara-zailImeM likhI gayo gAthAe~ to vizeSa rocaka aura mahattvapUrNa haiN| yahA~ udAharaNArtha do gAthAoMkA upasthita kara lekhakakI racanA-pratibhAkA paricaya prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ko Na vaso itthijaNe, kassa Na mayaNeNa khaMDiyaM mANaM / ko iMdiehi pA jiyo, ko Na kasAehiM sNttto| so Na vaso itthijaNe, so Na jio iMdiehi moheNa / jo Na ya gidi gartha, abbhaMtara bAhiraM samvaM / ' isa lokameM strIjanake vazameM kauna nahIM ? kAmane kisakA mAna khaNDita nahIM kiyA ? indriyoMne kise nahIM jItA aura kaSAyoMse kauna satapta nahIM huA ? granthakArane ina samasta praznoMkA uttara sarkapUrNa aura subodha zailImeM aMkita kiyA hai| vaha kahatA hai, jo manuSya bAhya aura Abhyantara saMmasta parigrahako grahaNa nahIM karatA, vaha manuSya na to strIjanake vazameM hotA hai,na kAmake adhIna hotA hai aura na moha aura indriyoM ke dvArA ho jotA jA sakatA hai| __isa granthakI abhivyaMjanA bar3I hI sazaka hai / granthakArane choTI-sI gAthAmeM bar3e-bar3e tathyoMko saMjo kara sahajarUpameM abhivyakta kiyA hai| bhASA sarala aura parimArjita hai| zelImeM arthasauSThava, svacchatA, preSaNIyatA, sUtrAtmakatA alaMkArAtmakatA samaveta hai / gaddhapinchAcArya paricaya tattvArthasUtrake racayitA AcArya gRddhapiccha haiM / inakA aparanAma umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti bhI prApta hotA hai| AcArya vIrasenane jIvasthAnake kAla anuyogadvArameM tattvArthasUtra aura usake kartA gRddha picchAcAryake nAmollekhake sAtha unake tattvArthasUtrakA eka sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai-- __'taha giddhapichAiriyappayAsidataccatthasutte vi "vartanApariNAmakriyAH para 1. svAmikumAra, dvAdazAnaprekSA, gAthA 281282 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 145

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tvAparatve ca kAlasya ' idi davvakAlo paruvido / " isa uddharaNa hai ki tasvArthasUtra ke racayitA guddhapicchAcAyeM haiN| isa nAmakA samarthana AcArya vidyAnandake tasvArtha lokavAtikase bhI hotA hai- 'etena muddhapicchAcAryaparyantamunisUtreNa vyabhicAratA nirastA' / yahA~ vidyAnandane bhI tattvArthasUtrake kartAkA nAma gRddhapicchAcArya batalAyA tattvArtha sUtra ke kisI TIkAkArane bhI nimna padyameM tattvArtha sUtra ke racayitAkA nAma gRddhapicchAcArya diyA hai-- 'tattvArtha sUtrakarttAraM gRddhapicchopalakSitam / vande gaNIndrasaMjAtamumAsyAmimunIzvaram // " isameM gRddhapicchAcAryaM nAmake sAtha unakA dUsarA nAma 'umAsvAmimunIvara ' bhI batalAyA gayA hai / vAdirAjane bhI apane pArzvanAthacaritrameM gRddhapiccha nAmakA ullekha kiyA hai 'atuccha guNasampAtaM gRddhapicchaM nato'smi tam pakSIkurvanti yaM bhavyA nirvANAyotpatiSNavaH // 4 AkAzameM ur3ane kI icchA karanevAle pakSI jisa prakAra apane paMkhoMkA sahArA lete haiM usI prakAra mokSarUpI nagarako jAneke lie bhavyaloga bisa munIzvarakA sahArA lete haiM usa mahAmanA agaNita guNoMke bhaNDArasvarUpa gRddhapiccha nAmaka munimaharAjake lie merA savinaya namaskAra hai / ina pramANollekhoMse spaSTa hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke karttA gRddhapicchAcArya haiM / zravaNavelagolA ke eka abhilekha meM gRddhapiccha nAmakI sArthakatA aura kundakundake vaMzameM unakI utpatti batalAte hue unakA umAsvAti nAma bhI diyA hai / yathA abhUdumAsvAtimuniH pavitre vaMze tadIye sakalAtthaMvedI / sUzrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArthaMjAtaM munipuGgavena // 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, ghavalA TIkA, jIvasthAna, kAla anuyogadvAra, pR0 316 / 2. tattvArthazlokavAtika pR0 6 / 3. tattvArthasUtrako aneka pratiyoMke anta meM upalabdha paca / 4. pAzvaMnAca carita 1116 / 146 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI bAcArya paramparA 1

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sa prANisaMrakSaNasAvadhAno babhAra yogI kila gudaghapakSAn / tadA prabhRtyeva budhA yamAhurAcAryazabdottaragRdhrapiccham / / ' anya zilAlekhameM bhI gRddhapicchakA ullekha prApta hotA hai abhUdumAsyAtimunIzvaro'sAvAcAryazabdottaragRdhrapicchaH / tadanvaye satsadRzo'sti nAnyastAtkAlikAzeSapadArthavedI / AcArya kundakundake pavitra vaMzameM sakalArthaka zAtA umAsvAti munIzvara hue, jinhoMne jinapraNIta dvAdazAMgavANIko sUtroMmeM nibaddha kiyA / ina AcAryane prANirakSAke hetu gRddhapicchoMko dhAraNa kiyaa| isI kAraNa ve gRddhapicchAcAryake nAmase prasiddha hue / AmalekhIya pramANameM gRddhapicchAcAryako zrutakelidezoya bhI kahA gayA hai| isase unakA AgamasambandhI sAtizaya jJAna prakaTa hotA hai| ___tatvArthasUtrake racayitA gRpicchAcAryakA ullekha zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhoMmeM 40, 42, 43,47 aura 50 saMkhyakameM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| abhilekhasaMkhyA105 aura 108 meM tattvArthasUtrake kartAkA nAma umAsvAti bhI AyA hai aura gRpiccha unakA dUsarA nAma batalAyA hai / yathA-- zrImAnumAsvAtirayaM yatIzastattvArthasUtraM prakaTIcakAra / yanmuktimArgAcaraNodhatAnAM pAtheyamagyaM bhavati prajAnAM // tasyaiva ziSyojani gRddhapiccha-dvittIyasaMzasya balAkapicchaH / yatsUktiratnAni bhavanti loke muphtyaGganAmohanamaNDanAni // yatiyoM ke adhipati zrImAn umAsvAtine tattvArthasUtrako prakaTa kiyA, jo mokSamArgake AcaraNameM udyata mumukSujanoMke lie utkRSTa pAtheya hai| unhIMkA gRddhapiccha dUsarA nAma hai| ina muddhapicchAcArya ke eka ziSya balApiccha the, jinake sUktiratna muktyaGganAke mohana karane ke lie AbhUSaNoMkA kAma dete haiN| isa prakAra digambara sAhitya aura abhilekhoMkA adhyayana karanese yaha jJAta hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtrake racayitA gRddhapicchAcArya, aparanAma umAsvAmi yA umAsvAti haiN| kucha vidvAnoMne tattvArthasUtrakA racayitA kundakundako mAnA hai| AcArya 1. janazilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekhasaM0 108, pR0 210-11 / 2. janazilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama mAga, abhilekhasaMkhyA-43, pR0 43 / 3. vahI, abhilekhasaMkhyA-105, pR0 198 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 147

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zrI jugalakizora mustAgne isa matakI samIkSA kI hai|" tattvArtha sUtra ke racayitA ke sambandhameM eka anya matta yaha hai ki vAcaka umAsvAti isa sUtragranthake racayitA haiM / paNDita sukhalAlajIne tattvArthasUtra (vivecana ) kI prastAvanA meM bAcaka umAsvAtiko tattvArthasutrakA kartA mAnA hai, guddhapiccha umAsvAtiko nahIM / ye kahate haiM ki gRddhapiccha umAsvAti nAmake AcArya hue avazya haiM, para unhoMne tattvArthasUtra yA tattvArthAdhigama zAstrako racanA nahIM kI hai| unhoMne isa sUtra granthakA ullekha 'tattvArthAdhigama' zAstra ke nAmase kiyA hai / para yaha nAma tattvArtha sUtrakA na hokara usake 'tattvArthAdhigama' bhASyakA hai / tattvArthAdhigamabhASyako racanA ke pUrva tattvArtha sUtrapara aneka TIkAe~ likhI jA cukI thIM / sarvArthasiddhikA nimna sUtra tattvArthAdhigama bhASya meM kucha parivardhanake sAtha pAyA jAtA hai, jisase bhASya kI sarvArthasiddhise uttarakAlInatA avagata hotI hai (ka) matizrutayandhidatyeSu (kha) matizrutayonibandhaH sarvadravyeSva sarvaparyASu / yahA~ tattvArthAdhigamabhASya meM sarvArthasiddhimAnya sUtrapAThakI apekSA dravyapadake sAtha vizeSaNarUpa se 'sarva' pada svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| kintu jaba ve hI bhASyakAra isa sUtra ke uttarArdhako 1120 ke bhASya meM uddhRta karate haiM to usakA rUpa sarvArthasiddhimAnya sUtrapATha le letA hai / yathA--'atrAhmatizrutayostuyaviSayatvaM vakSyati dravyeSvasarva paryAyeSu iti / ' 114 isase jJAta hotA hai ki bhASya ke pUrva tattvArtha sUtrapara sarvArthasiddhi TIkA likhI jA cukI thI aura usameM tattvArtha sUtrakA eka sUtrapAtra nirdhArita kiyA jA cukA thA / siddhasenagaNa aura haribhadrane bhI tattvArthAdhigamabhASyake isa aMzako isI rUpameM svIkAra kiyA hai / aba prazna yaha hai ki tattvArthAdhigamabhASyakArane jaba ullikhita sUtra ke uttarArdhakA 'sarvadravyeSvasarva paryAyeSu' pATha svIkAra kiyA, taba use uddhRta karate samaya usameM se 'sarva' pada kyoM chor3a diyA ? yadi 'sarva' padako 'dravya' padake vizeSaNa ke rUpameM AvazyakatA thI to unhoMne uddhRta karate samaya kyoM nahIM isa bAtakA dhyAna rakhA ? yaha aisA prazna 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsapara vizada prakAza, pR0 102 105 1 2. sarvArthasiddhi 126 / 3. tattvArthAdhigamabhASya- 1327 / 4. bahI, 1120 bhASya | 148 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA 1 I

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hai, jisako upekSA nahIM kI jA skto| bahuta sambhava hai ki unhoMne prAcIna sUtrapAThakI paramparAko dhyAnameM rakhakara hI prathama adhyAyake 20veM sUtrake bhASyameM use diyA, jo sarvArthasiddhimeM upalabdha thaa| isase vidita hotA hai ki tattvArthAdhigamabhASya likhate samaya vAcaka umAsvAtike samakSa sarvArthasiddhi athavA usameM mAnya sUtrapATha rahA hai / ___ arthavikAsako dRSsei vicAra karane para pratIta hogA ki tattvArthAdhigamabhASyako sarvArthasiddhike bAda likhA gayA hai / kAlake upakAraprakaraNa meM sarvArthasiddhimeM paratva aura aparatva ye do hI bheda kiye gaye haiM, jabaki tattvArthAdhigamabhASyameM usake tIna bheda upalabdha hote haiM / ataepa prajJAcakSu paNDita sukhalAlajIkA yaha abhimata ki tattvArthasUtrakAra aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASyakAra eka hI vyakti haiM, samocona pratIta nahIM hotaa| __ tatvArtha sUtrake do sUtrapATha ho jAnepara bhI aise adhikatara sUtra haiM jo donoM paramparAoMmeM mAnya haiM aura unameM bhI kucha aise sUtra apane mUlarUpameM upalabdha haiM, jinake racayitAko sthitipara prakAza par3atA hai / paNDita phUlacandrajo zAstrIne (1) tIrthaMkaraprakRtike bandhake kAraNoMkA pratipAdaka satra (2)bAisa parISahAkA pratipAdaka sUtra, (3) kevalIjinake 11 pariSahoMke sadbhAvakA pratipAdaka sUtra aura (4) eka jIvake eka sAtha parISahasaMkhyAbodhaka sUtra-ina cAra sUtroMko upasthita kara tattvArthasUtra aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASyake racayitAoMko minnabhinna vyakti siddha kiyA hai|' paNDita phUlacandrajIne 'umAsvAtivAcakopajJasavabhASye' padake paNDita sukhalAlajo dvArA kiye gaye arthako samIkSA karate hue likhA hai-'paNDitajI, bhASyakAra aura sUtrakAra eka ho vyakti haiM-isa pakSameM usakA artha lagAnekA prayatna karate haiM, kiMtu isa padakA sIdhA artha haiumAsvAtivAcakadvArA banAyA huA sUtrabhASya / yahA~ 'umAsvAtivAcakopajJa' padakA sambandha sabase na hokara usake bhASyase hai| dUsarA pramANa paNDitajIne 9veM adhyAyake 22veM sUtrako siddhasenIya TIkA upasthita kI hai, kiMtu yaha pramANa bhI sandehAspada hai, kyoMki siddhasena gaNiko TokAko jo prAcIna pratiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM unameM "svakRtasUtrasannivezamAzriyoktam" pAThake sthAnameM "kRtastatra sUtrasannivezamAzrityoktam" pATha bhI upalabdha hotA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kisI lipikArane tattvArthasUtrakA vAcaka umAsvAti kartRtva dikhalAneke abhiprAyase 'kutastatra' kA saMzodhana kara 'svakRta' pATha banAyA ho 1. sarvArthasiDi, prastAvanA, pR0 65-68 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 149

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aura bAdameM yaha pATha cala par3A ho / ' ataH sattvArtha athavA tattvArthasUtra aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASya do pRthak-pRthak racanAe~ haiN| tattvArtha sarvArthasiddhise pUrvavartI aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASya usase uttaravartI racanA hai| ataeva tattvAdhigamabhASyake kartA vAcaka umAsvAti rahe hoNge| para mala tatvArthasatrake kartA gapicchAcArya haiN| isa nAmakA ullekha navIM zatAbdIke AcArya borasena aura vidyAnanda jaise AcAryoke sAhityameM milatA hai| uttarakAlameM abhilekhoM aura granthoM meM umAsvAmo aura umAsvAti ina do nAmoMse bhI inakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| lagabhaga isI samaya zvetAmbara sampradAyameM hue siddhasena gaNike ullekhoMse tattvArthAdhigamabhASyakA racayitA vAcaka umAsvAtiko mAnA gayA aura inheM hI tattvArthasUtrakA racayitA bhI batA diyA gayA / para mUla aura bhASya donoMkA antaHparIkSaNa karanepara ve donoM pRthak-pRthak do vibhinnakAlIna kartRka siddha hote haiM, jaisA ki Uparake vivecanase prakaTa hai| guruparamparA gRpicchAcArya kisa manvayameM hue, yaha vicAraNIya hai ! nandisaMghako paTTAvali aura zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhoMse yaha pramANita hotA hai ki gRddhapicchAcArya kundakundake anvayameM hue haiN| nandisaMghakI paTTAvali vikramake rAjyAbhiSekase prArambha hoto hai / vaha nimna prakAra hai 1 bhadrabAhu dvitIya (4), 2 guptigupta (26), 3 mAghanandi (36), 4 jinacandra (40), 5 kundakundAcArya (49), 6 umAsvAmi (101), 7 lohAcArya (142), 8 yazaHkIti (153), 9 yazonandi (211), 10 devanandi (258), 11 jayanandi {308), 12 guNanandi (358), 13 vaccanandi (364), 14 kumAranandi (386), 15 lokacanda (427), 16 prabhAcandra (453), 17 nemicandra (472), 18 bhAnunandi (487), 19 siMhanandi (508), 20 vasunandi (525), 21 bIranandi (531), 22 ratnanandi (561), 23 mANikyanandi (585), 24 medhacandra (601), 25 zAntikoti (627), 26 merukoti (642), / ' uparyukta paTTAlima AyA huA guptiguptakA nAma arhalike liye AyA hai / anya pramANoMse siddha hai ki nandisaMghakI sthApanA ahavAlane kI thI, aura isake prathama paTTadhara AcArya mAghanandi hue| isa kramase gRpiccha nandisaMghake 1. sa0 si. prastAvanA, pR0 68 / 2. jainasidAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR0 78 / 150 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI mAcArya-paramparA

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paTTapara baiThanevAle AcAryoMmeM caturtha Ate haiM aura inakA samaya vIra nirvANa saM0571 siddha hotA hai / ataeva gaDapicchake gurukA nAma kundakundAcArya honA caahiye| zravaNavelagolAke abhilekha na0 108 meM gaddhapiccha umAsvAmikA ziSya balAkapicchAcAryako basalAyA hai / ata: inake ziSya balAkapiccha haiN| sattvArthasUtrake nirmANameM kundakundake granthoMkA sarvAdhika upayoga kiyA gayA hai | AcArya kundakunda bApovAstikAya meM drAkA nAsADage jiyA hai dabvaM sallavakhaNiyaM upAdanvayadhuvattasaMjuttaM / guNapajjayAsayaM vA jaM taM bhaNati savvaNhU' / / isa gAthAke AdhArapara tattvArthasUtra meM tIna sUtra upalabdha hote haiN| ye tInoM sUtra kramazaH gAthAke prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya pAda haiM (1) sdvylkssnnm| (2) utpAdavyayadhovyayuktaM sat / (3) guNaparyayavad dravyam / ataeva gapinchane kundakundakA zAbdika aura vastugata anusaraNa kiyA hai / ataH Azcarya nahIM ki gRddhapicchake guru kundakunda rahe hoM / zravaNabelagolAke ukta abhilekhAnusAra gRddhapicchake ziSya balApiccha haiN| inakI gaNanA nandisaMghake AcAryoMmeM hai| yadyapi paMDita sukhalAlajIne inheM hI tatvArthAdhigamabhASyakA kartA mAnakara ucca gara zAkhAkA AcArya mAnA hai aura yaha zAkhA kalpasUtrako sthavirAvalike anusAra AryazAntizreNikase nikalI hai / AryazAntidheNika Aryasuhastise cauthI pIr3hImeM Ate haiM, tathA vaha zAntizceNika Aryavanake guru Asihagirike gurubhAI honese, AryavanakI pahalI pIr3hImeM Ate haiN| tatvArthAdhigamabhASyakI prazastimeM vAcaka umAsvAsine apaneko zivazrInAmaka vAcakamukhyakA praziSya aura ekAdazAMgavettA ghoSanandi zramaNakA dIkSA ziSya tathA prasiddhakIrtivAle mahAvAcaka zramaNa zrImuNDapAdakA vidyA-praziSya batalAyA hai| para yaha guruziSya-paramparA tattvArthAdhigamabhASyakAra vAcaka umAsvAtiko 1. paMcAstikAya, gApA 10 2. tattvArthasUtra 5 / 29 3. vahI 5.30 4. vahI 538 bhUtaSara mora sArasvatAcArya : 151

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hai, tasvArtha sUtrakArapicchako nahIM / gRddhapiccha umAsvAmi kundakundAnvayameM ye haiM aura ye kundakundAcAryake uttarAdhikArI bhI haiM / samaya-nirdhAraNa inakA samaya nandisaMghako paTTAvalike anusAra vIra-nirvANa samvat 571 hai, jo ki di0 saM0 101 AtA hai / 'vidvajjanabodhaka' meM nimnalikhita padya AyA hai varSa saptaza caiva saptatyA na vismRtau / umAsvAmimunirjAtaH kundakundastathaiva ca // arthAt vIra nirvANa saMvat 770 meM umAsvAmi muni hue, tathA usI samaya kundakundAcArya bhI huye / nandisaMghakI paTTAvalimeM batAyA hai ki umAsvAmI 40 varSa 8 mahIne AcArya padAra pratiSThita rahe / unakI Ayu 84 varSakI thI aura vikrama saMvat 142 meM unake paTTapara lohAcArya dvitIya pratiSThita hue| pro0 hAnaMle', DA0 piTarsana' aura DA0 satIzacandra ne isa paTTAvalike adhArapara umAsvAdikAM reDa kI prathama zatAbdIkA vidvAna mAnA hai / ''vidvajjanabodhaka' ke anusAra umAsvAtikA samaya vikrama samvat 300 bhAtA hai aura vaha paTTAvalike samaya se 150 varSa pIche par3atA hai| indiapane zrutAvatAra meM 683 varSako zrutavara AcAryoM kI paramparA dI hai aura isake bAda aMgapUrva ke ekadezavArI vinayavara, zrIdatta aura addattakA nAmollekha kara nandisaMgha Adi saMghoM kI sthApanA karanevAle ahaMvalikA nAma diyA hai| zrutAvatArameM isake pazcAt mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtavalike ullekha haiN| usake bAda kundakundakA nAma AyA hai| ataH AcArya gRddhapiccha kundakundake pazcAt arthAt 683 varSake anantara hue haiN| yadi isa anantarakAlakA 100 varSe mAna liyA jAye, to vIra nirvANa samvat 783 ke lagabhaga AcArya gRddhapicchakA samaya hogA / yadyapi zrutadhara AcAryo kI paramparA kA nirdeza ghavalA, AdipurANa', nandi 1. sarvArthasiddhi prastAvanA, pR0 78 se uddhRta / 2. And ant, XX P. 341, 351. 3. Peerrsons fourth oreport on Sanskrit manuscripts P. XVI. 4. History of the Mediaval school of Indian Logic P. 8, 9. + 6. dhavalA pustaka 9, pR0 130. 6. AdipurANa 2 / 137. 152 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA 1

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saMghakI prAkRta paTTAvala' aura trilokaprajJapti AdimeM AyA hai, para ye sabhI paramparAeM 683 varSa takakA ho nirdeza karatI haiM / isake Ageke AcAryakA kathana nahIM milatA / ataeva zrutAvatAra Adike AdhArase gRddhapicchakA samaya nirNIta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai | DaoN0 e0 ena upAdhyene bahuta kahApoha ke pazcAt kunkundake samaya kA nirNaya kiyA hai, aura jisase gRddhapiccha, AcArya kundakundake ziSya prakaTa hote haiM / upAdhyejIke matAnusAra kundakundakA samaya I0 prathama zatAbdI ke lagabhaga hai / ataH gRddhapicchAcArya usake pazcAt hI hue haiM / kundakundakA samaya nirNIta ho jAneke pazcAt AcArya gRddhapicchakA samaya avagata karane meM kaThinAI nahIM hai / yataH paTTAvaliyoM aura zilAlekhoM meM AcArya kundakundake pazcAt gRddhapicchakA nAma AyA hai| ataeva inakA samaya I0 prathama zatAbdIkA antima bhAga aura dvitIya zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga ghaTita hotA hai / niSkarSa yaha ki paTTAvaliyoM, prazastiyoM aura abhilekhoMke adhyayana se gRddhapicchakA samaya I0 san dvitIya zatAbdI pratIta hotA hai / tasvArthasUtrako racanA AcArya gRddhapicchakI ekamAtra racanA 'tatvArtha sUtra' hai / isa sUtragranthakA prAcIna nAma 'tattvArtha' rahA hai / 'tattvArtha' ko tIna TIkAe~ prasiddha haiM, jinake sAtha tattvArthapada lagA hai, pUjyapAdakI 'tattvArthavRtti', jisakA dUsarA nAma 'sarvArthasiddhi' hai, akalaMkakA 'sattvArthavArtika' aura vidyAnandakA tattvArthazlokavArtika' / ataeva isa granthakA prAcAna nAma 'tattvArtha' hI rahA hai / sUtrazailImeM nibaddha honese uttarakAlameM isakA 'tattvArthasUtra' nAma pracalita huA / isa granyakI racanAke hetukA varNana karate hue tattvArthasUtra ke kannar3a TIkAkAra bAlacaMdrane likhA hai " " saurASTra deza ke madhya urjayantagirike nikaTa girinagara nAmake pattanameM Asata bhavya svahitArthI dvijakulotpala zvetAmbarabhakta siddhayya nAmakA eka vidvAn zvetAmbara zAstroMkA jAnanevAlA thA / usane 'darzanazAna cAritrANi mokSamArga : ' yaha sUtra banAkara eka paTiyepara likha diyA thaa| eka dina caryAke liye gRddhapicchAcAya muni vahA~ Aye aura unhoMne usa sUtrake pahale 'samyaka' pada jor3a diyaa| jaba vaha vidvAna bAharase lauTA aura usane paTiye para 'sabhya' 1. janasiddhAnta mAskara, mAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR0 71 / 2. trilokaprajJapti 4 / 1490-91 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 153

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zabda lagA dekhA, to vaha apanI mAtAse munirAjake AnekA samAcAra mAlUma karake khojatA huA unake pAsa pahu~cA aura pUchane lagA-"AtmAkA hita kyA hai"| isake bAdakA praznottara prAyaH vahI saba hai, jo 'sarvArthasiddhi' ke prArambhameM AcArya pUjyapAdane diyA hai| prabhAcandrAcAryane sarvArthasiddhipara eka TippaNa likhA hai bhIra jarA TipaNAne una anya padoMkI vyAkhyA kI hai, jo 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM chUTa gaye haiN| isa TippaNameM prabhAcandrane praznakartA bhavyakA nAma to siddhayya hI diyA hai, kintu kathA nahIM dI hai| ukta kathAmeM kitanA tathyAMza hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| zrutasAgarasarine 'tattvArthavRtti ke prArambhameM likhA hai ki kisI samaya AcArya umAsvAmi gaddhapiccha Azrama meM baiThe hue the| usa samaya dvaipAyaka nAmaka bhavyane yahA~ Akara unase prazna kiyA-bhagavan ! AtmAke liye hitakArI kyA hai ? bhavyake aisA prazna karanepara AcAryavaryane maMgalapUrvaka uttara diyA, mokSa | yaha sunakara dvaipAyakane punaH pUchA-usakA svarUpa kyA hai, aura usakI prAptikA upAya kyA hai ? uttarasvarUpa AcAryavayaMne kahA ki yadyapi pravAdijana ise anyathA prakArase mAnate haiM, koI zraddhAnamAtrako mokSamArga mAnate haiM, koI jJAnanirapekSa cAritrako mokSamArga mAnate haiN| parantu jisa prakAra oSadhike kevala jJAna, zraddhAna yA prayogase rogako nivRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai, usI prakAra kevala zraddhAna, kevala jJAna yA kevala cAritrase mokSako prApti nahIM ho sktii| bhavyane pUchA-to phira kisa prakAra usakI prApti hotI hai ? isIke uttarasvarUpa AcAryane "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga:" yaha sUtra racA hai aura isake pazcAta anya sUtroMkI racanA huI hai / aisI ho utthAnikA prAyaH tattvArthavAttikameM bhI Ayo hai| ataH upayuMkta kathAmeM kucha tathya to avazya pratIta hotA hai| kanar3o TIkAke racayitA bAlacandra vikramako terahavIM zatAbdoke pUrvArddha meM pUjyapAdakI 'sarvArthasiddhi' 'tatvArthasatra' ko upalabdha TokAoMmeM Adha evaM prAcIna TIkA hai| isake ArambhameM grantha-racanAkA jo saMkSipta itivRtta nibaddha hai usake AdhArase spaSTa rUpameM kahA jA sakatA hai ki tattvArthasUtrakArane tattvArthasutrakI racanA kisI Asanabhavyake praznake uttara meM kI hai| isa bhavyakA nAmollekha sarvArthasiddhikArane nahIM kiyA / uttavartI lekhakoMne kiyA hai| unakA 1. anekAnta, varNa 1, pR0 270 / 154 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArma-paramparA

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AdhAra kyA hai, kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa| vaha anveSaNIya hai / itanA spaSTa tathya hai ki tattvArthasUtra kisI kAsanabhavya mumukSuke hitArtha likhA gayA hai / tasvArthasUtrakA mahattva isa grantha meM jinAgamake mUla tattvoMko bahuta hI saMkSepame nibaddha kiyA hai / isameM kula daza adhyAya aura 357 sUtra haiN| saMskRta bhASA meM sUtrazailI meM likhita yaha pahalA sUtragrantha hai| isameM karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAyogakA sAra samAhita hai| isakI sabase bar3I mahattA yaha hai ki isameM sAmpradAyikatA nahIM hai / ataeva yaha zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI sampradAyoMko thor3e-se pAThabhedako chor3akara samAnarUpase priya hai / isakI mahattAkA sabase bar3A dUsarA pramANa yaha hai ki donoM hI sampradAyoMke mahAn AcAryAMne isapara TIkAe~ likhI haiN| pUjyapAda, akalaMka aura vidyAnandane dArzanika TIkAe~ likhakara isa granthakA mahattva vyakta kiyA hai / vidyAnanda ne apanI 'AsaparIkSA' meM ise bahumUlya ratnoM kA utpAdaka, salilanidhi - samudra kahA hai zrImattattvArthazAstrAdadbhuta salilanidherivaratnodbhavaspa protthAnArambhakAle sakalamalamide zAstrakAraiH kRtaM yat / stotraM tIrthopamAnaM pratipRthupathaM svAmimImAMsitaM tat vidyAnandeH svazaktyA kathamapi kathitaM satyavAkyArthasiddhaye // prakRSTa ratnoMke udbhava ke sthAnabhUta zrImattattvArthazAstrarUpI adbhuta samudrakI utpatti ke prArambhakAlameM mahAn mokSapathako prasiddha karanevAle mora tIrthopamasvarUpa jisa stotrako zAstrakAra gRddhapicchAcAryane samasta karmamalake bhedana karaneke abhiprAyase racA hai aura jisakI svAmIne mImAMsA kI hai, usI stotrakA satyavAkyArtha ( yathArthatA ) ko siddhike lie mujha vidyAnandane apanI zaktike anusAra kisI prakAra vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| tattvArthaM sUtra jaina dharmakA sAragrantha honese isake mAtra pATha yA zravaNakA phala eka upavAsa batAyA gayA hai, jo usake mahattvako sUcita karatA hai / vartamAnameM isa granthako jaina paramparAmeM vahI sthAna prApta hai, jo hindU dharma meM bhagavadgItA' ko, islAma meM 'kurAna' ko aura IsAI dharmameM 'bAibila' ko prApta hai| isase pUrva prAkRta bhASA meM hI jaina granthoMkI racanA kI jAtI thI / isI bhASAmeM bhagavAn mahAvIrakI dezanA huI thI aura isI bhASAmeM gautama gaNadharane aMgoM 1. DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA, AptaparIkSA, upasaMhAra-padya, pakSa-saMkhyA 123, vIrasevAmandira, sarasAvA (sahAranapura ) / bhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya 155

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aura pUrvoko racanA kI thii| para jaba deza meM saMskRta bhASAkA mahattva vRddhiMgata huA aura vividha darzanoMke mantabda sUtrarUpa meM nibaddha kiye jAne lage, to jaina paramparAke AcAryoMkA dhyAna bhI usa ora AkRSTa huA aura usake phalasvarUpa tatvArtha sUtra jaise mahattvapUrNa saMskRta-sUtragranthako racanA huI / isa taraha jaina vAGmaya meM saMskRta bhASAke sarvaprathama sUtrakAra gRddhapiccha haiM aura sabase pahalA saMskRta-sUtragrantha tattvArthasUtra hai / vayaM viSaya tattvArthasUtra dharma evaM darzanakA sUtragrantha hai / isakI racanA vaizeSika darzana ke 'vaizeSikasUtra' granthakaM samAna huI hai| vaizeSika darzana ke prArambha meM dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa, samavAya aura abhAva ina sAta padArthoMke tatvajJAna se mokSaprAptikI bAta kahI gayI hai| ataH isa sUtragrantha meM mukhyarUpase ukta sAta padArthoM kA vivecana AyA hai| sAMkhya darzanameM prakRti aura puruSakA vicAra karate hue jagatke mUlabhUta padArthokA hI vicAra kiyA hai / isI prakAra vedAntadarzanama jagatake mUlabhUta tatva brahmakI mImAMsA kI gayI hai / nyAyadarzanameM pramANa, prameva, saMzaya, prayojana, dRSTAnta, siddhAMta, avayaya, tarka, nirNaya, vAda, jalpa, vitaNDA, hetvAbhAsa, chala, jAti aura nigrahasthAna ina solaha padArthoM ke tattvajJAna se mokSakI prApti batalAyI hai | nyAyadarzanameM arthaparokSAke sAdhanoM kA hI kathana ayA hai / yogadarzana meM jIvana meM azuddhatA lAnevAlI cittavRttiyoM kA aura unake nirodhakA tathA tatsambandhI prakriyAkA pratipAdana AyA hai| isa prakAra pUrvokta darzanoMkA viSaya jJeyapradhAna yA jJAnasAdhanapradhAna athavA cAritrapradhAna hai / para 'tattvArtha sUtra' meM jJAna, jJaya aura cAritrakA samAnarUpase vivecana AyA hai / isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki jahAM vaizeSika Adi darzanoM meM kevala tatvajJAna se 'niHzreyas' prApti batalAyI gayI hai vahA~ jenadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke samuccayako mokSakA mArga kahA hai / tattvArthasUtra ke prathama adhyAya dvitIyasUtrameM jIva, ajIva, Asava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tatvoMke samyakdarzana aura chaThe sUtrameM inake yathArthajJAnako samyakjJAna kahA hai | tattvArtha sUtrakArane heya aura upAdeyarUpameM kevala inhIM sAta tattvoMko zraddheya evaM adhigamya batalAyA hai| mokSamArga meM inhIM kA upayoga hai | anya ananta padArthoMkA nahIM / isase pUrva samayasArameM bhI nizcayanaya aura vyava hAranayase inhIM sAtoM tattvoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / ataeva AcArya gRddhapicchane isa tattvArthasUtrameM daza adhyAoMkI parikalpanA 156 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA | 1 i

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karake prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha adhyAya meM jIvatattvakA, paMcama adhyAya-maiM ajIvatattvakA, SaSTha aura saptama adhyAyoMmeM AsravatattvakA, aSTama adhyAya meM bandhatattvakA, navama adhyAya meM saMvara aura nirjarAtattvoMkA evaM dazama adhyAyameM mokSatattvakA vivecana kiyA hai| prathama adhyAyake Arambha meM samyagdarzanakA svarUpa aura usake bhedoMkI vyAkhyA karaneke pazcAt " pramANanayeradhigamaH " [16] sUtrase jJAna viSayaka carcAkA prArambha hotA hai / pramANakA kathana to sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM meM AyA hai, para nayakA vivecana isa granthakA apanA vaiziSTaya hai aura yaha hai jainadarzana anekAnsavAdako dena / naya pramANakA hI bheda hai / sakalagrAhI jJAnako pramANa aura vastuke eka aMzako grahaNa karanevAle jJAnako naya kahate haiM / tasyArthasUtra meM jJAnako hI pramANa mAnA hai aura jJAna ke pAMca bheda batalAye hai - (1) mati, (2) zruta, (3) avadhi, (4) mana:paryaya aura (5) kevalajJAna / pramANake do bheda haiM- pratyakSa aura parokSa ! ukta jJAnoM meM matijJAna aura zrutajJAna ye do parokSa haiM, kyoMki inakI utpatti indriya aura manako sahAyatAse hotI hai / zeSa tona jJAna pratyakSa haiM, kyoMki ye AtmA se hI utpanna hote hai - unameM indriyAdiko apekSA nahIM hoto / tattvArthasUtra meM uka pA~voM jJAnoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai / matijJAnakI utpatti ke sAdhana, unake bheda-prabheda, unako utpatikA krama, zrutajJAnake bheda, avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAnake bheda tathA unameM pArasparika antara, pA~coM jJAnoMkA viSaya evaM ekasAtha eka jovameM kitane jJAnoMkA rahanA sambhava hai AdikA kathana isameM AyA hai| antameM mati, zruta aura avadhijJAnake mithyA honeke kAraNakA bhI vivecana kara nayoMke bheda parigaNita kiye gaye haiM / isa adhyAyameM 33 sUtra haiM / dvitIya adhyAya 53 sUtroM dvArA jIvatattvakA kathana kiyA hai / sarvaprathama jobake svatattvarUpa paMca bhAvoM aura unake bhedoMkA nirUpaNa AyA hai / pazcAt jIvake saMsArI aura mukta bheda batalAkara saMsArI jIvoMke bheda-prabhedoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai| jIvoMko indriyoMke bheda-prabheda, unake viSaya, saMsArI jIvoMmeM indriyoM kI sthiti, mRtyu aura janmake bIca kI sthiti, janmake bheda, unakI yoniyoM, joyoMmeM janmoMkA vibhAga, zarIrake bheda unake svAmI, eka jIvake ekasAtha sambhava ho sakanevAle zarIra, liMgakA vibhAga tathA pUrI Ayu bhogakara maraNa karanevAle jIvoMkA kathana kiyA hai / tRtIya adhyAya 39 sUtroM meM nibaddha hai| isameM adholoka aura madhyalokakA varNana AyA hai / adholokakA kathana karate hue sAta pRthiviyA~ tathA unakA zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 157

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AdhAra batalAkara unameM narakoMkI saMkhyA aura una narakoMmeM basanevAle nArakI jIvoMkI dazA evaM unakI dIrgha Ayu Adi batalAyo gayI hai| madhyalokake varNanameM dvIpa, samudra, parvata, nadiyAM evaM kSetroMkA varNana karaneke pazcAt madhyalokameM nivAsa karanevAle manuSya aura tiyaMJcoMkI Ayu bhI batalAyI gayo hai| caturtha adhyAyameM 42 sUtroM dvArA Urdhvaloka yA devalokakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isameM devoMke vividha bhedoM, jyotimaNDala, tathA svargalokakA varNana hai / dArzanika dRSTise paMcama adhyAya mahatvapUrNa hai| yaha 42 sUtroMmeM nibaddha hai| isameM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina cha: dravyoMkA varNana AyA hai| isake atirikta pratyeka dravyake pradezoMko saMkhyA unake dvArA avagAhita kSetra aura pratyeka dravyakA kArya Adi batalAye haiN| pudgalakA svarUpa batalAte hue usake bheda, usako utpattike kAraNa, podgalika bandhakI yogyatAayogyatA Adi kathana hai / antameM sata, dravya, guNa, nitya aura pariNAmakA svarUpa pratipAdita kara kAlako bhI dravya batalAyA hai / SaSTha adhyAya 27 sUtroM meM prathita hai| isa adhyAyameM AmravatatvakA svarUpa usake bheda-prabheda aura kina-kina kAryo ke karanese kisa-kisa karmakA Asrava hotA hai, kA varNana AyA hai| saptama adhyAyameM 39 sUtroM dvArA pratakA svarUpa, usake bheda, yatoMko sthira karanevAlI bhAvanAeM, hisAdi pA~ca pApoMkA svarUpa sapta zIla, sallekhanA, pratyeka prata aura zolake aticAra, dAnakA svarUpa evaM dAnake phalameM tAratamya honeke kAraNakA kathana AyA hai| ___ aSTama adhyAyameM 26 sUtra haiM / karma-bandhake mUla hetu batalAkara usake svarUpa tathA bhadoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana karate hue AThoM karmoke nAma pratyeka karmako uttaraprakRtiyAM, pratyeka karmake sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha aura pradezabandhakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| navama adhyAyamai 47 sUtroM dvArA saMvarakA svarUpa, saMvarake hetu, gupti, samiti, daza dharma, dvAdaza anuprekSA vAIsa paroSaha, cAritra aura antaraMga tathA bahiraMga sapake bheda batalAye gaye haiN| dhyAnakA svarUpa, kAla, dhyAtA, dhyAnake bheda evaM pAMca prakArake nimrantha sAdhunoMkA varNana vAyA hai| dazama adhyAyameM kevala 9 sUtra haiN| isameM kevalajJAnake hetu, mokSakA svarUpa, muktike pazcAt jIyake urdhvagamanakA dRSTAntapUrvaka sayuktika samarthana tathA mukta jIvoMkA varNana AyA hai| 158 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArma-paramparA

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isa prakAra tattvArthasUtrakA varNya viSaya jainadharmake mUlabhUta samasta siddhAntoMse sambaddha hai / ise jaina siddhAntakI kuMjI kahA jA sakatA hai| tattvArthasUtrako racanAkA srota | tattvArtha sUtrake sUtra kundakundake niyamasAra, paMcAstikAya, bhAvapADa, SaTkhaNDAgama pravacanasAra, Adike AdhArapara nirmita hue haiM / "samyagdarzanazAcAritrANi mokSamAgaM" [1-1] sUtrakA mUla srota niyamasAra hai / kundakundane apane niyamasArako prArambha karate hue likhA hai ki jinazAsanameM mAgaM aura mArgaphalako upAdeya kahA hai| mokSake upAyako mArga kahate haiM aura usakA phala nirvANa hai| jJAna, darzana aura cAritrako niyama kahA jAtA hai tathA mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritrakA parihAra karaneke lie usake sAtha 'sAra' pada lagAyA hai| tasvArthasUtra meM bhI mithyAdarzanAdikA parihAra karaneke lie darzanAdikake sAtha samyak pada lagA hai| maggo mAgaphala ti ya duvihaM jiNasAsaNe samakkhAdaM / maggo mokkhauvAyo tassa phalaM hoi NivyANaM / / NiyameNa ya ja kajjaM taNiyama NANadasaNacaritaM / vivarIyapariharatthaM bhaNidaM khalu sAramidi kSaNaM / ' tattvArthasUtrake dvitIya sUtra tathA caturtha sUtrakA AdhAra bhI kundakundake grantha haiM / kundakundane samyakadarzanakA svarUpa vatalAte hue likhA hai "attAgamataccANaM saddaNAdo havei sammattaM / / "2 Apta, Agama aura tattvoMke zraddhAnako samyakadarzana kahate haiM aura tattvArtha AgamameM kahe hue padArtha haiN| tatvArthasUtrakArane niyamasArake ukta sandarbhako srota mAnakara 'sattvArthazraddhAnaM samyakadarzanam"[1-2]sUtra likhA hai| vastutaH yaha sUtra "taccANaM sahapAdo havei sammatta"kA anuvAda hai / sAta tattvoMke nAma kundakundake 'bhAvapAhuDa' Adi granthoMmeM milate haiN| "sarasaMkhyAkSetrasparzanakAlAntarabhAvAlpabahutvaizca" [1-8J sUtrakA srota 'SaTkhaNDAgama'kA nimnalikhita sUtra hai__ "saMtaparUvaNA davvapamANANugamo khettANugamo kosaNANugamo kAlANugamo aMtarANugamo bhAvANugamo appAbahugANugamo cedi / " [1-1-7] 1. niyamasAra, gASA 2,3 / 2, bahA, gAthA 5 / 3. vahI, gAthA 8 / dhruvaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 159

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gRddhapicchAcAryane SaTskhaNDAgamake ina ATha anuyogadvAroMko lekara ukta sUtrakI racanA kI hai / mati, zruta Adi pAMca jJAnoMkA jaisA varNana tatvAsUtrameM AyA hai vaha srotakI dRSTise SaTavaNDAgamake vargaNAkhaNDake antargata karmaprakRti-anuyogadvArase adhika nikaTa pratIta hotA hai| isI prakAra tattvArthasUtrameM 'matiH smRtiH saMjJA cintA [1|13]ko matijJAnake nAmAntara kahA hai| isakA srotaSaTkaNDAgamake karmaprakRti anuyogadvArakA 'saNNA sado madIcintA cedi' 5-5-41] sUtra hai| isI prakAra 'bhavapratyayo'dhidevanArakAmAm [tattvArthasUtra 1|21]kaa srota SaTkhaNDAgamake karmaprakRti-anuyogadvArakA 'jaM taM bhavapaccaiyaM taM deva-NeraiyANaM" [5-5-54] sUtra hai| tattvArthasatrameM pAMca jJAnoMko pramANa mAnakara unake pratyakSa ora parokSa bheda kiye gaye haiM / ina bhedoMkA srota pravacanasArakI nimnalikhita gAthA hai jaM parado viNNANaM taM tu parokkha ti maNidamatthesu / jadi kevaleNa NAdaM hadi hi jovaNa paccakkhaM / ' arthAt padArthaviSayaka jo jJAna parakI sahAyatAse hotA hai, vaha parokSa kahalAtA hai aura jo jJAna kevala AtmAke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai vaha pratyakSa kahalAtA hai / dvitIya adhyAyake prArambhameM pratipAdita pAMca bhAvoka bodhaka sUtrakA srota paJcAstikAyakI nimna likhita gAthA hai udayeNa ucasameNa ya khayeNa duhi missadehi pariNAme / juttA te jIvaguNA bahusu atthesu vicchiNNA // 2 paJcama adhyAyameM pratipAdita dravya, guNa, paryAya, astikAya Adi viSayoMke srota AcArya kandakundake pazcAstikAya, pravacanasAra aura niyamasArakI aneka gAthAoMmeM prApya haiN| tattvArthasUtrameM dravyalakSaNakA nirUpaNa do prakArase AyA hai| usake lie satkI paribhASAke pazcAt "sadvyalakSaNam" (5 / 29) aura "guNaparyayavadravyam" (5:38) sUtroMkI racanA kI hai| ye sabhI sUtra kundakundakI nimra gAthAse sRjita haiM "davvaM sallakkhaNiyaM upyAdanvayadhuvatta saMjuttaM / guNapajjayAsayaM vA jaM taM bhaNati samvaNhU / / paMcama adhyAyameM "snigdharUkSatvAdvandhaH', 'na jaghanyaguNAnA', 'guNasAmye sadRzAnAm'; 'dvadhikAdiguNanAM tu [5-33,34,35,36] sUtroMdvArA snigdha aura 1, pravacanasAra, jJAnAdhikAra, gAthA-58 / 2. pazcAstikAya, gAyA 56 / 3. pazcAstikAma, gAthA 10 / 16. : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparara

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rUkSa guNavAle paramANuoMke bandhakA vidhAna AyA hai| ve sutra pravacanasArako nimna gAthAoMparase race gaye haiM giddhA vA lukkhA vA aNupariNAmA samA va visamA vA / samadI dugadhigA jadi vajhati hi AdiparihINA ! giddhattaNeNa dugaNI caduguNaNi dveNa baMdhamaNubhavadi / lumakheNa vA tiguNido aNu vajjhadi pNcgunnjutto|| dUpadesAdI khaMdhA suhamA vA bAdarA sasaMThANA / puDhavijalateuvAka rAmapariNAmehi maa|| apane zaktyazoMmeM parigamana karanevAle paramANu yadi snigdha hoM athavA kakSa ho, do, cAra, chaha, Adi azokI gaNanAko apekSA sama hoM, athavA tIna, pA~ca, mAta Adi aMzoMko apekSA viSama hoM, apane aMzoMse do adhika hoM, aura jaghanya aMzame rahita ho. to paraspara bandhako prApta hote haiN| snigdha guNake do aMzoMko dhAraNa karanevAle paramANa caturguNa snimpake sAtha baMdhate haiM / rUkSagaNake tIna aMzoMko dhAraNa karanevAlA paramANu pAMcaguNayukta rUkSa aMzako dhAraNa karanevAle paramANu ke sAtha bandhako prApta hotA hai| do pradezoMko Adi lekara sakhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura anantaparyanta pradezako dhAraNa karanevAle sUkSma athavA bAdara vibhinna AkArose sahita tathA pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyurUpa skandha apane-apane snigdha aura rUkSa gaNoMke pariNamanase hote haiN| ___ isI prakAra "bandhe'dhiko pAriNAmiko"|5|37]sUtrakA srota SaTtraNDAgamake vargaNAkhaNDakA bandha-vidhAna hai| tattvArthasatrake SaSTha adhyAyameM tIrthakaranAmakarmake bandhameM kAraNabhUta solaha kAraNoMkA nirdezaka sUtra nimna prakAra hai-- darzanavizuddhivinayasampannatA zIlavateSvanaticAro'bhokSaNa jJAnopayogasaMvego zaktitastyAgasapasI sAdhusamAdhiyAvRtyakaraNa mahaMdAvArya bahuzrutapravacanabhaktirAvazyakAparihANirgiprabhAvanA pravacanavatsalatvamiti tIrthakaravasya / / [6-24] arthAt 1 darzanavizuddhi, 2 vinayasampannatA, 3 zIlavatoMmeM anativAra, 4 abhIkSaNajJAnopayoga,5saMvega, 6 zaktitaH tyAga,7 zaktitaH tapa, 8 sAdhusamAdhi, 1. pravacanasAra, jayAdhikAra, gAthA 73,74,75 / dhruvapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 161

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9. vaiyAvRtyakaraNa, 10 adubhakti, 11 AcAryabhakti 12 bahuzrutabhavita 13 pravacana bhakti, 14 AvazyakA parihANi 15 mArgaprabhAvanA aura 16 pravacanavatsalatva ye solaha bhAvanAeM tIrthakaranAmakarmake candhako kAraNa hai / * uparyukta sUtrakA srota 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke 'vaMdhasAmittavicao' kA nimna sUtra hai - daMsaNavisujjhadAe vinayasaMpaNNadAya solavvadesu niradicAradAe AvAsaesu aparihINadAe khaNa lava - paDabujjhanadAe laddhisaMga saMpaNNadAe jadhAthAme tadhAttave sAhUNaM pAsuaparicAnadAe sAhUNa samAhisadhAraNAe mAhUNaM vejjAvaccajogajuttadAe arahaMtamattIe bahusudabhattIe pavayaNabhattIe gavayaNavacchaladAe pavayaNaupabhAvaNadAe abhikkhaNaM abhikkhaNaM gANovajogajutadAra, icnedehi sAMsehi kAraNehi jIvA titthayaraNAmagodaM kamma baghata // donoM sUtroM ke adhyayana se spaSTa jJAna hotA hai ki gRddhapicchAcArya prAkRtasUtrakA saMskRta rUpAntara kara diyA hai| tatvArtha sUtra ke navama adhyAyameM bAraha anuprekSAoM kA kapana AyA hai| inakA srota 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA', 'mUlAcAra' evaM kundakundAcAryako 'bArasaaNuvekkhA' hai / ina tInoM granthoMmeM dvAdaza anuprekSAoMko ginAne vAlI gAthA eka hI hai / tattvArthasUtrakArane dvAdaza anuprekSAoMke krama meM mAtra kucha antara kiyA hai tathA prathamAnuprekSAkA nAma anitya rakhA hai, jabaki ina granthoMmeM ava hai / tattvArthasUtra ke navama adhyAyake navama sUtrameM 22 parISahoM ke nAma ginAye gae haiN| unameM eka 'nAgnya' pariSaha bhA hai / 'nAgnya' kA artha naMgApanA hai / yahA~ AcAryane acelakI apekSA 'nAgnya' padake prayogako adhika mahattva diyA hai / isase jJAta hotA hai ki sUtrakartAko sAdhuoM kI nagnatA iSTa zrI aura unheM usakA parISaha sahanA hI cAhie, yaha bhI mAnya thA / isa taraha SaTkhaNDAgama aura kundakunda sAhitya meM tasvArthasUtrake sUtroMke aneka bIja varttamAna haiM / sUtrapATha tatvArtha sUtrake do sUtrapATha upalabdha hote haiM / pahalA sUtrapATha vaha hai jisapara pUjyapAda, akalaMkadeva aura vidyAnandane TIkAeM likhI hai| yaha pATha digambara paramparA meM pracalita hai| dUsarA pATha vaha hai, jisapara tasvArthAdhigamabhASya pAyA jAtA hai tathA siddhasena gaNi aura haribhadrane apanI TIkAeM likhI haiN| isa dUsare 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, pustaka 8, pR0 79 / 162 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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sUtrapAThakA pracAra zvetAmbara paramparA hai| ina donoM sUbapAThoMmeM jo antara hai, vaha nimna prakAra avagata kiyA jA sakatA hai-- donoM pAThoMke anusAra dazoM adhyAyoMke mUtroMkI saMkhyAprathamapATha--33 +53 + 31 + 42+42 + 27 + 39 + 26 + 47 +9 - 357 dvittIyapATha-35 + 12+18+53+44 + 26 + 34 + 26 + 49 +7% 344 donoM pAThoMke adhyayanase jJAta hotA hai ki prathama adhyAyameM do sUtroMkI hInAdhikatA hai / prathama pAThako apekSA dvitIya pAThameM do sUtra adhika haiN| prathama sUtra 'dvivigho'vadhiH' [1121]-avadhijJAnake do meda haiM | isa sUtra meM koI saiddhAntika matabheda nahIM hai / antima do sUvicAraNIya haiM-"negamasaMgrahavyavahArajasatrazabdA nayAH"[134] Adhazabdo dvitribhedo' [1 // 35] ye donoM sUtra dvitIya pAThameM milate haiN| prathama pAThameM nayake sAta bheda mAne gaye haiM, aura ina sAtoMke nAmoMko batalAne vAlA eka hI sUtra haiN| para damare pAThake anusAra nayake mUla pA~ca meda hai, aura unameM se prathama 'gamanaya'ke do bheda hai aura 'zabdanaya ke sAmprata, samabhiruna aura evaMbhUta ye tona meda haiN| saptanayako paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai| yaha digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM ho bAgamoMmeM pAyI jAtI hai| tattvArthasUtrameM yaha jo dvitIya mAnyatA Ayo hai, usakA samanvaya digambara aura pyetAmbara donoM hI paramparAoMke sAtha sambhava nahIM hai / yaha to eka nayo paramparA hai, jisakA Arambha tattvArthAdhigamabhASyase hotA hai| ___ pandrahaveM sUtrameM mattimAnakA tIsarA meda bhASyake anusAra 'apAya hai aura sarvArthasiddhike anusAra 'avAya' hai / paMDita sukhalAlajI dvArA sampAdita 'tattvAthaMsUtra meM 'apAya ke sthAnapara 'avAya pATha hI milatA hai| nandisUtra meM bhI 'avAya' pATha hai / akalaMkadevane apane tattvAvAtikameM donoM pAThoM meM kevala zabdabheda batalAyA hai| kintu ubhayaparamparAsammata prAcIna pATha 'avAya' hI hai, 'apAya' nhiiN| solahaveM satra 'bahabahaviSa' AdimeM prathama pAThameM 'anisatAnukta' pATha hai aura dUsarI mAnyatAmeM 'anisRtAsandigdha' pATha hai| isI prakAra avadhijJAnake dUsare medake pratipAdaka sUtrameM prathamapAThameM 'kSayopazamanimittaH' pATha hai aura dUsare meM 'yathoktanirmitaH' pATha hai| ina donoM pAThoMke bAzayameM koI antara nahIM hai| dvitIya adhyAyameM prathamapAThake anusAra 'tejasamapi' [2248 tathA zeSAstrivedAH [2 / 12) ye do sUtra adhika haiN| isI taraha dUsare sUtrapAThameM 'upayogaH sparzAdiSu' [29] sUtra adhika hai| zeSa sUtroM meM samAnatA hote hue bhI katipaya sthaloMmeM antara pAyA jAtA hai| prathama mUtrapAThameM 'jIvabhavyAbhavyaskhAni ca' vRtaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 163

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[27] pAyA jAtA hai, aura dvitIya sUtrapATha meM isake sthAnapara 'jIvabhavyAbhavyasvAdIni ca ' [27] sUtra hai / prathama pAThameM jina pAriNAmika mAnoMkA grahaNa 'ca' zabdase kiyA hai, dvitIya pATha meM unhIMkA grahaNa Adi padase kiyA hai / akalaMkadevane Adipadako sadoSa batalAyA hai / " saMsArI jovoke trasa aura sthAvara ye do meda Aye haiM / sthAvarake pA~ca bheda haiN| inakI mAnyatA donoM sUtrapAThoMmeM tulya hai, para usakA artha bhASya meM batAyA hai ki jo calatA hai, vaha usa hai / isa apekSAse dUsare sUtrapATha meM taijasakAyika aura vAyukAyikako bhI trapa kahA gayA hai, kyoMki vAyu aura agni kAyameM calanakiyA pAyI jAtI hai| ataeva dvitIya adhyAyake teraha aura caudahaveM sUtrameM antara par3a gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAyake anya sUtroMmeM mo katipaya sthaloMpara antara vidyamAna hai | prathamasUtrapATha 1. ekasamayA'vigrahA ||29|| 2. ekaM dvo trInvA'nAhAraka ||30|| 3. jarAbhADotAnAM garbhaH // 4. devanArakANAmupapAdaH // 34 // paraM paraM sUkSmam ||37 6. opapAdika- caramottamadehA saMkhyeyavarSAyuSo'napavartyAyuSaH // 53 // 5. dvitIya sUtrapATha eka samayo'vigrahaH ekaM dvau vA'nAhArakaH jaratkhaNDotajAnAM garbhaH nArakadevAnAmupapAsaH ||30|| // 31 // 1034 / / // 35 // ||38|| paraM paraM sUkSmam aupapAtikaca ramadehottamapuruSA'saMkhyeyavarSAyuSo'napavartyAyuSaH / / 52 / / ina sUtroMmeM zAbdika antara rahaneke kAraNa saiddhAntika dRSTise bhI matabhinnatA hai | tRtIya adhyAya meM prathama pAThake anusAra dvitIya pAThase 21 sUtra adhika hai / dvitIya pAThameM ve sUtra nahIM haiN| tRtIya adhyAyake prathama sUtrake pATha meM thor3A antara pAyA jAtA hai / dvitIya pATha meM 'aghogha' aura 'pRthutarA:' pATha hai jabaki pahale meM 'pRthutarAH' pATha nahIM hai| akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavAttikameM isa pAThakI AlocanA kI hai aura use sadoSa batAyA hai / caturaM adhyAyameM svargaka saMkhyA- sUcaka sUtrameM antara hai| prathama pAThake anu sAra solaha svargaM ginAye gaye haiM, para dvittIya pAThake anusAra bAraha hI svarga parigamita haiM / svarga devoMmeM pravicArako batalAne vAle sUtrameM 'zeSAH sparzarUpa 1. satsvArthavAsika, pR0 113 / 2. paMDita sukhalAlajI dvArA sampAdita tasvArthasUtra kI bhUmikA / 164 : sIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcAryaparamparA 4 } "

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zabdamanaHprayIcArA' [48] ke sthAnapara 'zeSAH pravicArA dvayodvayoH [49] pATha AyA hai| isa dvitIyapAThameM 'dvayodayoH' pATha adhika hai| bakalaMkane isa pAThakI AlocanAkara ise ArSaviruddha batalAyA hai| prathama sUtrapAThameM laukAntika devoMkI sthitikA pratipAdaka sUtra AyA hai, para dvittIya sUtrapAThameM vaha nahIM hai / pA~caveM adhyAyameM dvitIya sUtrapAThameM "dravyANi jIvAzca" yaha eka sUtra hai| kintu prathama sUtrapAThameM 'dravyANi' [pA2] aura 'jIvAzca' [53] ye do sUtra haiN| tattvArthavAtikameM aphalaMkadevane 'dravyANi jIvAH'-isa prakArake eka sUtrako mImAMsA karate hue eka hI sUtra rakhanekA samarthana kiyA hai / isI prakAra prathama sUtrapAThake 'asaMkhyayAH pradezAH dharmAdharmakajIvAnAm' [538] ye do sUtra dvitIya sUtrapAThameM svIkRta haiM / prathama sUtrapAThameM 'sad dravyalakSaNam' [5 / 29] yaha sUtra AyA hai / para dvitIya sUtrapAThameM yaha sUtra nahIM miltaa| isa sUphA Azaya bhASyakArane avazya spaSTa kiyA hai| isI prakAra prathama satrapAThameM "bandhe'dhiko pAriNAmiko" [5 / 36) sUtra AyA hai / isake sthAnapara dvitIya sUtrapAThameM "bandhe samadhiko pAriNAmiko" [536] sUtra hai| AcArya akalaMkadevane 'samadhiko' pAThako AlocanA karate hae use ArSaviruddha batalAyA hai aura apane pakSa ke samarthanameM khaTakhaNDAgamakA pramANa diyA hai| prathama satrapAThake "kAlazca" [5.39/ sUtrake sthAnapara dUsare sUtrapAThameM "kAlAcetyeke" [5 / 38] sUtra AyA hai| isa antarakA kAraNa yaha hai ki diga. mbara paramparAmeM kAlako dravya mAnA gayA hai| para zvetAmbara pazpayameM kAladravyake sambandhameM matabheda hai| dvitIya sUtrapAThake 'anAdirAdimAMzca' [5 / 42), 'rUpibvAdimAn [5 / 43] aura 'yogopayogI joveSu' 544] ye tIna sUtra prathama sUtrapAThameM nahIM hai| ina sUtroMmeM bAye hue siddhAntoMko samIkSA akalakadevane kI hai| SaSTha adhyAyameM bAye hue sUtra donoM hI sUtrapAThoMmeM siddhAntako dRSTise samAna haiM / para kahIM-kahIM prathama sUtrapAke eka hI sUtrake do sUtra dvitIya sUtrapAThaye milate haiM / prathama sUtrapAThameM "zumaH puNyasyAzubhaH pApasya" [6 / 3] sUtra yAmAhe / dvitIya sUtrapAThameM isake "zubhaH puNyasya" [33] aura "azumaH pApasya" 64] ye do satra milate haiN| isI prakAra prathama satrapAThameM "alpArambhaparipahatvaM mAnuSasya" [6317) aura "svabhAvamArdavaJca" [1118do sUtra thAye hai| para dvitIya sUtrapAThameM ina donoMke sthAnapara "alpArambhaparigrahatvaM svabhAvamArdavAvaM ca mAnuSasya" [6 / 18] yaha eka sUtra prApta hotA hai / zrutacara aura sArasvatAcArya : 165

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isa SaSTha adhyAyameM prathama sUtrapATha " samyaktvaJca" [ 6 / 21] sUtra AyA hai| para dvitIya sUtrapATha meM yaha sUtra nahIM milatA hai / saptama adhyAyameM kaI sUtroMmeM zAbdika antara AyA hai| kucha sUtra aise bhI haiM jo prathama sUtrapATha upalabdha haiM, para dvittIyameM nahIM / prathama sUtrapATha vratoMko sthira karaneke lie bahiMsAdivratoMkI pAMca-pAMca bhAvanAeM batalAyI gayI hai / ina bhAvanAoMkA anucintana karanese vrata sthira rahate haiM / attaH prathama sUtrapATha meM ahiMsAvratakI "vAGmano guptIrvAdAnanikSepaNa samityA lokitapAnamojanAni paJca" [ 7|4] satyANuttakI "krodha-loma - morutva hAsyapratyAkhyAnAnyanuvIci bhASaNaJca -maikSyapaJca" [7|5] ayoyaMvratakI "zUnyAgAra - vimocitAvAsa-paroparodhAkaraNazuddhi-sadharmAdisaMvAdAH paJca / " [716], brahmacarya vratakI "strI rAgakathAzravaNatanmanoharAGganirIkSaNa - pUrvaratAnusmaraNa-vRSyeSTarasa-svazarIsaMskAratyAgAH paJca" i77] aura paribhrahatyAgamratake "manojJAmanokendriyaviSaya-rAga-dveSa-varjanAni paJca" [7|8] -- bhAvanAbodhaka sUtra Aye hai / ye pAMcoM sUtra dvitIya sUtrapATha meM nahIM hai / kintu tRtIya sUtrake bhASyameM inakA bhAva A gayA hai| aSTama adhyAyameM prathama sUtrapATha " sakaSAyatvAJjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgachAnAdatte sa bandhaH " [8/2] sUtra AyA hai| dvittIya sutrapAThameM isake do rUpa milate hai / prathama sUtrameM "sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAndapudgalAnAdatte" [2] aMza AyA hai aura dUsare sUtra meM "sa bandhaH" [ 8|3] sUtra bayA hai| isa prakAra eka ho sUtra ke do sUtra rUpa dvitIya sUtrapATha ho gaye haiN| prathama sUtrapATha meM "mati zrutAvadhi-manaH paryaya - kevalAnAm " [ 86] sUtra AyA hai / para dvitIya sUtrapATha meM isakA saMkSipta rUpa "matyA donAm" | 817] upalabdha hotA hai / AcArya akalaMkadevane "matyAdInAm" pAThako samIkSA kara prathama sUtrapAThameM Aye hue sUtrako tarkasaMgata batalAyA hai| isI prakAra prathamasUtrapAThake "dAna lAbha-bhogopabhoga-dIryANAm [ 8|13] sUtrake sthAnapara dvitIya sUtrapATha "dAnAdInAm [8|14] saMkSipta sUtra lAyA hai| bhASyakArane "antarAyaH paJcavidhaH / tadyathA-- dAnasyAntarAyaH lAbhasyAntarAyaH, bhogasyAntarAya upabhogasyAntarAyaH, vIryAntarAya iti" uparyukta prathama sUtrapATha Aye 'hue antarAyake medoMkA nAmollekha kiyA hai| puNyaprakRtiyoMkA pratipAdana karanevAle sUtroMmeM maulika antara bAyA hai| prathama sUtrapAThameM puSyaprakRtiyoM kI gaNanA karate hue likhA hai "saddha edya-zubhAyurnAma - gotrANi puSyam" [8/25] aura "ato'nyat pApam" [8/26] kahakara pApaprakRtiyoMkI gaNanA kI hai| dvittIya sUtrapATha meM puSpaprakRtiyoMkA kavana karate hue "saddha asamyaktva hAsyaratipuruSavedazubhAyurnAmagotrANi puSyam" [8/26 ] likhA hai / isa sUtra ke mAdhyameM "ato' 166 : zrIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya -paramparA

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nyat pApam" kahakara pApaprakRtiyoM kI gaNanA kI hai| mUlapAtratiyoMkI parigaNanA karAnevAlA koI sUtra nahIM AyA hai| navama adhyAyake aneka sUtroMmeM zAbdika bheda pAdhA jAtA hai / prathama sUtrapAThayeM "sAmAyika-chedopasthApanA - parihAravizuddhi-sUkSmasAmparAya yathAkhyAtamiti cAritram ' [ 9 / 18] sUtra AyA hai / dvitIya sUtrapATha meM isa sUtra kA rUpa prArambhamaM jyoM-kA-tyoM hai, para anta meM 'yathAkhyAtAni cAritram' kara diyA gayA hai| dhyAnakA svarUpa ghatalAte hue prathama sUtrapATha meM "uttama saMhananasyaikAgra cintA nirodhI dhyAnamAntarmuhUrtAt" sUtra AyA hai| para dvitIya sUtrapATha meM isa mUtrake do rUpa upalabdha hote hai / prathama sUtra "uttama saMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam" [9/27] aura dvitIya sUtra "A muhUrtAt" [28] prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra eka ho sUtra do sUtroMmeM vibhakta hai| dharmadhyAnakA kathana karane vAle prasaMga meM dharmadhyAnake svAmIko lekara donoM sUtrapAThoMmeM maulika antara hai / prathama sUtrapATha dharmadhyAnake pratipAdaka "AjJApAya- vipAka - saMsthAna vicayAya dhayam" [ 9 / 36 ] sUtrake antameM svAbhokA vidhAyaka 'apramattasaMyattasya' aMga nahIM hai / jabaki dvitIya sUtrapATha meM hai tathA dUsare sUtrapAThameM isa sUtra ke bAda jo upazAntakSINakaSAyayozca" [19638 ] sUtra AyA hai vaha bhI prathama sUtrapATha meM nahIM hai / dazama adhyAya meM prathama sUtrapAThakA "bandhahetvabhAva-nirjarAbhyA kRtsnakarmavipramokSo mokSaH " [10/2] sUtra dvitIya sUtrapATha "vanvahetvanAvanirjarAbhyAm" [10/2] tathA " kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH " ina do sUtroMke rUpameM milatA hai / isI prakAra prathama sUtrapAThake dazama adhyAyake tRtAya - caturtha sUtra dvitAya sUtrapATha meM eka sUtra ke rUpameM saMyukta milate haiM / "opazamikAdibhavyatvAnAJca |10|3] sUtrake sthAnapara "aupazamikA dibhavyatvAbhAvAccAnyatra kevalasamyaktvajJAnadarzana siddhatvebhya:" [1014 | pATha milatA hai / prathama sUtrapAThake saptama aura aSTama sUtra dvitIya sUtrapATha nahIM haiN| unakI pUrti bhASya meM kI gayI hai / isa prakAra donoM sUtrapAThoMkA samokSAtmaka adhyayana karane se avagata hotA hai ki guddhapicchAcAyake mUla sUtrapATha vAcaka umAsvAtine tattvArthAdhigamabhASya likhate samaya mUla sUtrapATha yatkiJcit antara kara kinhIM sUtroMko chor3a diyA aura kucha naye sUtra jor3a diye haiM / tattvArthAdhigamabhASyakA adhyayana karanese yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki bhASya meM jo sUtrapATha Aye hai unameMse siddhasena kI TIkA meM aneka pAThabhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ataH bhASyasammata sUtrapAThale siddhasenagaNi aura haribhadrake sUtrapAThoMmeM antara pAyA jAtA hai / tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 167

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sa maGgalAcaraNa tattvArtha sabake maGgalAcaraNaka viSayama paryApta vivAda rahA / kucha vidvAnoMkA mata thA ki sarvArthasiddhiko utthAnikAma diye gaye praznottarako dekhate hue tattvArthasUtrakArane maGgalAcaraNa kiye binA hI tattvAryasUtrakI racanA kI hai| 'mokSamArgasya natAram Adi maGgala-padyako jo tatvArthasUtrakA maGgalAcaraNa batAyA jAtA hai vaha sarvArthasiddhike ArambhameM nibaddha hone tathA sarvArthasiddhikArako jasapara vyAkhyA upalabdha na honese usokA maGgalAcaraNa hai, tattvArthasutrakA nhiiN| para isake viparIta dUsare aneka vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki sUtrakArane tattvArthasatrake ArammameM maGgalAcaraNa kiyA hai aura vaha 'mokSamArgastha netAram' Adi zlAka usIkA maGgalAcaraNa hai / sAyokhimeM yaha mUla sA : sRta huA hai| satvArthasUtrakAra AcArya gapiccha parama Astika the / ve maGgalAcaraNakI prAcIna paramparAkA ullaMghana nahIM kara skte| ataH 'mokSamArgasya netAram' Adi padya unhIM dvArA tattvAyaMsUtrake ArambhameM nibaddha maGgalAcaraNa hai| TIkAkAra pUjyapAda-devanandine use apanI TokA sarvArthasiddhimeM apanA liyA hai aura isose usako unhoMne vyAkhyA bhI nahIM kI / DaoNkTara darabArIlAla koThiyAne 'tattvArthasatrakA maGgalAcaraNa' zIrSaka do vistRta nibandhoMmeM AcArya vidyAnandake pracura granyollekhoM evaM anya pramANoMse sabalatAke sAtha siddha kiyA hai ki tattvArthasUtrake ArambhameM 'samyagdarzanazAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' [11] sUtrase pahale maGgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura vaha ukta mahattvapUrNa maGgalazloka hI hai, jise vidyAnandane sUtrakAra evaM zAstrakAra-racita 'stotra' prakaTa karate hue 'tIrthopama', 'prathita-pathupava' aura 'svAmimomAMsita' batalAyA hai / vidyAnandake ina ullekhoMse spaSTa hai ki svAmI samantabhadrane isI maGgalazlokake vyAkhyAnameM apanI mahattvapUrNa kRti 'AptamImAMsA' likho aura svayaM vidyAnandane bhI sasIke vyAkhyAnameM AptaparIkSA rcii| sUtrakAra evaM zAstrakAra padoMse vidyAnandakA abhiprAya tasvArtha sUtrakArase hai, tattvArthavRttikArase nahIM hai| sarvArthasiddhimeM use apanA maGgalAcaraNa banA liyA gayA hai aura isI kAraNa usakI vyAkhyA mo nahIM kI gyii| ata: 'mokSamArgasya netAram' Adi maGgala-paca tatvArtha sUtrakA ho AcArya gupiccha dvArA racita maGgalAcaraNa hai| 1. banekAnta varSa 5, aGka 6, 7 va 10, 11, vIra sevA mandira: sarasAvA (sahAranapura) 2, AsaparIkSA, kArikA 3 evaM 123, bora sevAmandira-saMskaraga, san 1949 / 168 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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racanA-pratibhA evaM racanA-zailI gRpicchAcAyaMka tattvArthasUtrakA adhyayana karanese avagata hotA hai ki unhoMne 'SaTkhaNDAgama', 'kaSAyapAhuDa', 'kundakunda-sAhitya', 'bhagavattI ArAdhanA' 'mUlAcAra' Adi granthoMkA samyak parizolana kara isa sUtragranthako racanA kI hai / dravyAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyogakA koI bhI viSaya unase chUTane nahIM pAyA hai / Adhunika viSayoMko dRSTi se bhUgola, khagola, AcAra, adhyAtma, dravya, guNa, paryAya, padArtha, sRSTividyA, karma-vijJAna Adi viSaya bhI carcita haiN| Agamake anya pratipAdya padArtho kA bhI pratipAdana isa satragrantha meM pAyA jAtA hai / ataeva gRpicchAcArya zrutagharaparamparAke bahuna AcArya haiN| aneka viSayoMko saMkSepameM prastuta kara 'gAgarameM sAgara' bhara dene kI kahAkta unhoMne caritArtha ko hai| zailIko dRSTise yaha grantha vaizeSikadarzanake vaMzeSikasatrazailImeM likhA gayA hai / vaizeSikasUtroMmeM jahA~ apane mantavyake samarthana hetu tarka prastuta kiye gaye haiM vahA~ tattvArthasUtrameM bhI siddhAntoMke samarthanameM tarka diye gaye haiN|' sUtrazailokI jo vizeSatAeM pahale kahI jA cukI haiM, ve sabhI vizeSatAeM isa sUtrapanyameM vidyamAna haiM / yaha racanA itanI susambaddha aura prAmANika hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrako dvAdazAzavANIke samAna ise mahatva prApta hai / gRddhapicchAcArya svasamaya aura parasamayake niSNAta jAtA the| unhoMne dArzanika viSayoMko satrazailImeM bar3I spaSTatAke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai / saMskRta-bhASAmeM satragranthakI racanAkara inhoMne jaina paramparAmeM naye yugakA Arambha kiyA hai| ye aise zrutadharAcArya haiM, jinhoMne eka ora navopalabdha dRSTi prAptakara paramparAse prApta tathyoMko yugAnurUpameM prastuta kiyA hai to dUsarI ora sAMskRtika aura Agamika vyavasthAke dAyitvakA nirvAha bhI bhalIbhA~ti kiyA hai / phalataH inake pazcAt saMskRta bhASAmeM bhI dArzanika, saiddhAntika aura kAvyAdi granthoMkA praNayana huaa| 1. dekhie ta. sU0 1-32, 5-32, 5-33, 10-6,7,8 Adi sUtra / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 169

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dvitIya pariccheda sArasvatAcArya sArasvatAcAyoMne dharma-darzana, AcAra-zAstra, nyAya-zAstra, kAvya evaM purANa prabhRti viSayaka granthoM kI racanA karane ke sAtha-sAtha aneka mahattvapUrNa mAnya granthoMkI TokAeN, bhASya evaM vRttiyA~ bhI racI haiN| ina AcAryoMne maulika granthapraNayanake sAtha AgamakI vazavartitA aura naI maulikatAko janma denekI bhItarI khecenIse prerita ho aise TIkA granthoMkA sRjana kiyA hai. jinheM maulikatAkI zreNI meM parigaNita kiyA jAnA svAbhAvika hai / jahA~ zrutadharAcAryAMne dRSTi-pravAda sambandhI racanAe~ likhakara karmasiddhAntako lipibaddha kiyA hai, vahA~ sArasvatAcAryoMne apanI apratima pratibhA dvArA bibhinnaviSayaka vAGmayakI racanA kI hai / ataeva yaha mAnanA anucita nahIM hai ki sArasvatAcAryoM dvArA racita vAGmayakI pRSThabhUmi adhika vistRta aura vizAla hai / sArasvatAcAyoMmeM kaI pramukha vizeSatAeM samAviSTa hai| yahA~ unakI samasta - 170 .

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vizeSatAoMkA nirUpaNa to sambhava nahIM, para katipaya pramukha vizeSatAoMkA nirdeza kiyA jAyagA 1. Agamake mAnya siddhAntoMko pratiSThAke hetu taviSayaka granthoMkA praNayana / 2. zrutadharAcAryoM dvArA saMketita karma-siddhAnta, AcAra-siddhAnta evaM darzanaviSayaka svasantra granthoMkA nirmANa / 3 lokopayogI purANa, kAvya, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa prabhRti viSayoMse sambaddha granthoMkA praNayana aura paramparAse prApta siddhAntoMkA pallavana / ___4. yugAnusArI viziSTa pravRttiyoMkA samAveza karaneke hetu svatantra evaM maulika granyoMkA nirmANa / 5. mahanIya aura sUtrarUpameM nibaddha racanAoMpara bhASya eva vivRtiyoMkA lakhana / 6. saMskRtakI prabandhakAvya-paramparAkA avalambana lekara paurANika carita aura bAkhyAnoMkA pathana evaM jaina paurANika vizvAsa, aitihya vaMzAnukrama, samasAmAyika ghaTanAeM evaM prAcIna lokakathAoMke sAtha Rtu-parivartana, sRSTivyavasthA, AtmAkA AvAgamana, svarga-naraka, pramukha tathyoM evaM siddhAntoMkA sayojana / 7. anya dArzanikoM evaM tAkikoMkI samakakSatA pradarzita karane tathA vibhinna ekAntavAdoMkI samIkSAke hetu syAvAdako pratiSThA karanevAlo racanAoMkA sRjana / sArasvatAcAryoM meM sarvapramukha svAmIsamantabhadra haiN| inakI samakakSatA zrutagharAcAryo se kI jA sakatI hai / vibhinna viSayaka anya-racanAmeM ye avitoya haiN| AcArya samantabhadra samantabhadrAdikavIndrabhAsvatAM sphuranti yatrAmalasUkti razmayaH / vaanti khadyotavadeva hAsyatAM na tatra kiM jJAnalavoddhatA janAH' / / samantabhadrAdimahAkavIzvarAH kuvAdividyAjayalabdhakIrtayaH / sutakazAstrAmRtasArasAgarA mayi prasIdantu kavitvakAMkSiNi / / zrImatsamantabhadrAdikavikuarasaJcayam / munivandhaM janAnandaM namAmi vacanazriye // 1. mAnANaMva 141 2. barddhamAnasari, varAGgacarita, solApura-saMskaraNa 117 3. balakAracintAmaNi // 3 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 171

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sArasvatAcAryoM meM sabase pramukha aura Adya AcArya samantabhadra hai| jisa prakAra gRddhapicchAcArya saMskRtake prathama sUtrakAra hai, usI prakAra jaina vAGmayameM svAmI samantabhadra prathama saMskRta-kavi aura prathama stutikAra haiN| ye kavi hone ke sAtha prakANDa dArzanika aura gambhIra cintaka bhI haiN| inheM hama zrutadhara AcArya paramparA aura sArasvata AcAryaparamparAko jor3anevAlI aTUTa zrRMkhalA kaha sakate haiN| inakA vyaktitva zrutaghara AcAryoM se kama nahIM hai / stotra-kAvya kA sUtrapAta AcArya samantabhadra se hI hotA hai| ye stotra - kavi hone ke sAtha aise tarkakuzala manISI haiM, jinakI dArzanika racanAoMpara akalaMka aura vidyAnanda jaise udbhaTa AcAryoM ne TIkA aura vivRttiyAM likhakara maulika grantha racayitAkA yaza prApta kiyA hai| vItarAgI tIrthaMkarakI stutiyoM meM dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA samAveza karanA asAdhAraNa pratibhAkA ho phala hai / AdipurANa vAyaM jiheM vAgmila kavitva aura gamakatva ina cAra vizeSaNoMse yukta batAyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, jinasenane inako kavi-vedhA kahakara kaviyoMko utpanna karanevAlA vidhAtA bhI likhA hai . kavInAM gamakAnAJca vAdinAM vAgminAmapi / yazaH sAmantabhadrIya mUrdhni namaH samantabhadrAya mahate yadvacoca pAtena nibhinnA: kumatAdrayaH / / " cUDAmaNIyate // kavivedhase / maiM kavi samantabhadrako namaskAra karatA hU~, jo kaviyoMse brahmA haiM, aura jinake vacanarUpa vajrapAtase mithyAmatarUpI parvata cUra-cUra ho jAte haiM / , svatantra kavitA karanevAle kavi ziSyoMko marmataka pahu~cAnevAle gamaka, zAstrArtha karanevAle vAdI aura manohara vyAkhyAna denevAle vAgmiyoMke mastaka para samantabhadrasvAmIkA yaza cUr3AmaNike samAna AcaraNa karanevAlA hai / vAdIbhasiMhane apane 'gadyacintAmaNi' granthameM samantabhadrasvAmIko tArkika pratimA evaM zAstrArthaM karanekI kSamatAkI sundara vyaMjanA ko hai / samantabhadrake samakSa bar3e-bar3e pratipakSI siddhAntoMkA mahattva samApta ho jAtA thA aura prativAdI mauna hAkara unake samakSa stabdha raha jAte the / sarasvatIsvairavihArabhUmayaH samantabhadrapramukhA munIzvarAH / jayanti vAgvajranipAtapATitapratI parAddhAntamahIghrakoTayaH * // 1. mahApurANa bhAga 1, 1143-44 / 3 2. gadya vintAmaNi / 172 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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zrIsamantabhadra munIzvara sarasvatIko svacchanda vihArabhUmi the | unake vacanarUpI vaJjJjra ke nipAtase pratipakSI siddhAntarUpI pavaMtoMko coTiyA~ cUra-cUra ho gayI thIM / unhoMne jinazAsanakI gauravamayI patAkAko nIle AkAza meM phaharAnekA kArya kiyA thaa| paravAdI- paMcAnana barddhamAnasUrine samantabhadrako 'mahAkavIzvara' aura 'sutarkazAstrAmRtasAgara' kahakara unase kavitvazakti prApta karanekI prArthanAkI hai samantabhadrAdimahAkavAzvarAH kuvAdividyA jayalabdha kIrttayaH / sutarkazAstrAmRttasArasAgarA mayi prasIdantu kavitvakAMkSiNi' | zravaNabelagolAke zilAlekha na0 105 meM samantabhadrakI sundara uktiyoM ko vAdarUpo hastiyoMko basa karaneke lie baccAkuMza kahA gayA hai tathA batalAyA haiM ki samantabhadra ke prabhAvase yaha sampUrNa pRthvI durvAdoM kI vArtAse bhI rahita ho gayI thI. samantabhadrassa cirAya jIyAdvAdI bhavajrAMkuzasUktijAla: / yasya prabhAvAtsakalAvanIyaM vandhyAsa durvvAdukavArttayApi // syAtkAra mudrita samasta padArtha pUrNa lo-hamakhilaM sa khalu vyanakti / dubbAdukoktitamasA pihitAntarAla sAmantabhadra-vacana- sphuTaratnadIpaH // 2 jJAnArNavake racayitA zubhacandrAcAryate samantabhadrako 'kavIndra bhAsvAna' vizeSaya ke sAtha smaraNa karate huye unheM zreSTha kavIzvara kahA hai samantabhadrAdikavIndra bhAsvatAM sphuranti yatrA malasUkti razmayaH / vrajanti khadyottavadeva hAsyatAM na tatra kiM jJAnalayoddhatA janAH || ajita senako 'alaMkAracintAmaNi' aura brahma ajitake 'hanumaccarit' evaM zravaNabelagolAke abhilekha naM0 54 aura abhilekha naM0 108 meM samantabhadrakA smaraNa mahAkavike rUpameM kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra jaina vAGmaya meM samantabhadra pUrNa tejasvI vidvAn, prabhAvazAlI dArzanika, mahAvAdivijetA aura kavi vedhA ke rUpameM smaraNa kiye gaye haiM / jainadharma aura jaina siddhAnta ke marmajJa vidvAna honeke sAtha tarka, vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra evaM kAvya-koSAdi viSayoMme pUrNatayA niSNAta the| apanI alaukika pratibhA dvArA inhoMne tAtkAlika jJAna aura vijJAnake prAyaH samasta viSayoMko AtmasAt 1. vArAGgacarita, vartumAnasUri prakAzaka rAvajI sakhArAma dozI, 117 / 2. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekhasaMkhyA 105, padya 17 - 18 / 3. jJAnArNava 1 14 1 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya 173

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kara liyA thaa| saMskRta, prAkRta Adi vibhinna bhASAoM ke pAraMgata vidvAn the / stutividyAgranyase inake zabdAdhipatyapara pUrA prakAza par3atA hai / dakSiNa bhArata meM ucca koTike saMskRta-jJAnako prottejana, protsAhana aura prasAraNa dene vAloMmeM samaMtabhadrakA nAma ullekhanIya hai / Apa aise yugasaMsthApaka hai, jinhoMne jena vidyAke kSetrameM eka nayA Aloka vikIrNa kiyA hai| apane samaya ke pracalita nairAtmyavAda, zUnyavAda, kSaNikavAda, brahmAdvaitavAda, puruSa evaM prakRtivAda AdikI samIkSAkara syAdvAda siddhAMta kI pratiSThA kI hai / 'alaMkAra cintAmaNi' meM 'kavikuJjara', 'munibaMdha' aura 'janAnanda' Adi vizeSaNoM dvArA abhihita kiyA gayA hai |gol abhilekhoM ho sake praNetA aura bhadramUrti kahA gayA hai / isa prakAra vAGmayase samattabhadrake zAstrIya jJAna aura prabhAkakA paricaya prApta hotA hai / jIvana paricaya samattabhadrakA janma dakSiNabhArata meM huA thA / inheM bola rAjavaMzakA rAjakumAra anumita kiyA jAtA hai / inake pitA uragapura (urepura ) ke kSatriya rAjA the / yaha sthAna kAverI nadIke taTapara phaNimaNDalake aMtargata atyaMta samRddhizAlI mAnA gayA hai | zravaNabelagolA ke dauravali jinadAsa zAstrIke bhaNDArameM pAyI jAne vAlI AptamImAMsA kI pratike atameM likhA hai - " iti phaNi maMDalAlaMkArasyoragapurAdhipasUnoH zrIsvAmIsamantabhadramuneH kRtau AptamImAMsAyAm" - isa prazastivAkyase spaSTa hai ki samantabhadra svAmIkA janma kSatriyavaMzameM huA thA aura unakA janmasthAna uragapura hai / 'rAjAvalikaye' meM ApakA janma utkalikA grAmameM honA likhA hai, jo prAyaH jagapurake aMtargata ho rahA hogA / AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArakA anumAna hai ki yaha uragapura urepurakA hI saMskRta athavA zrutamadhura nAma hai, cola rAjAoM kI sabase prAcIna aitihAsika rAjadhAnI thI / tricitApolI' kA hI prAcIna nAma urayUra thaa| yaha nagara kAverIke taTapara basA huA thA, bandaragAha thA aura kisI samaya bar3A hI samRddhazAlI janapada thA ! inakA janma nAma zAMtivarmA batAyA jAtA hai / 'stutividyA' athavA 'jinastutizatam' meM, jisakA apara nAma 'jinazataka' athavA 'jinazata kAlaMkAra' hai, "gatvaikastutameva" Adi padya AyA hai / isa padya meM kavi aura kAvyakA nAma citrabaddharUpameM aMkita hai| isa kAvyake chaha Are aura nava valaya vAlI citraracanA parase 'zAMtivarmakRtam' aura 'jinastutizatam' ye do pada nikalate haiM / likhA 1. stutividyA, padya 116 / 174 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya parasparA

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hai-"paharaM navavalayaM cakramAlikhya saptamavalaye zAMtivarmakRtaM iti bhavati / ' "caturthavalaye jinastutizataM iti ca bhavati ataH kavi-kAvyanAmagarbha cakravRttaM bhvti'| isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya samantabhadrane 'jinamtutizatam kA racayitA zAMtivarmA kahA hai, jo unakA svayaM nAmAMtara saMbhava hai| yaha satya hai ki yaha nAma muni avasthAkA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki varmAnta nAma muniyoke nahIM hote| saMbhava hai ki mAtA-pitAke dvArA rakhA gayA yaha samantabhadrakA janmanAma ho| 'stutividyA kisI anya vidvAna dvArA racita na hokara samantabhadrakI hI kRti mAnI jAtI hai | TIkAkAra mahAkavi narasiMhane-'tAphikacaDAmaNi zrImat samantabhadrAcAryaviracita" sUcita kiyA hai aura abhya AcArya aura vidvAnoMne bhI ise samattabhadrakI kRti kahA hai| ataeva samantabhadrakA janmanAma zAMsiyamA rahA ho, to koI Azcarya nahIM hai| munipara aura bhasmaka vyAdhi ____ muni-dIkSA grahaNa karaneke pazcAt jaba ye maNuvakahallI sthAnameM vicaraNa kara rahe the ki unheM bhasmaka vyAdhi nAmaka bhayAnaka roga ho gayA, jisase digambara munipadakA nirvAha unheM azakya pratIta huaa| ataeva unhoMne guruse samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa karaneko anumati mAMgI | gurune bhaviSya ziSyako bAdeza dete hue kahA-.. "Apase dharma aura sAhityako bar3I-bar3I AzAeM haiM, ata: Apa dIkSA chor3akara roga-zamanakA upAya kreN| roga dUra honepara puna: dIkSA grahaNa kara leM | garuke isa AdezAnusAra samantabhanna rogopacArake hetu nAnyapadako chor3akara sanyAsI bana gaye aura idhara-udhara vicaraNa karane lge| pazcAt vArANasImeM zivakoTi rAjAke bhImasiMga nAmaka zivAlayameM jAkara rAjAko ArzIvAda diyA aura zivajIko arpaNa kiye jAne vAle naivedyako zivajoko hI khilA denekI ghoSaNA kii| rAjA isase prasanna huA aura unheM zivajIko naivedya bhakSaNa karAneko anumati de dii| samantabhadra anumati prApta kara zivAlayake kivAr3a banda kara usa naivedyako svayaM hI bhakSaNa kara rogako zAMta karane lge| zanaiH zanaiH unakI vyAdhikA upazama hone lagA aura bhogako sAmagrI bacane lagI / rAjAko isapara sandeha huaa| ataH guptarUpase usane zivAlayake bhItara kucha vyaktiyoMko chipA diyaa| samantabhadrako naivedyakA bhakSaNa karate hue chipe vyaktiyoMne dekha liyaa| samantabhadrane ise upasarga samajha kara cartuvizati tIrtha karoMkI stuti AraMbha kI / rAjA zivakoTike DarAnepara bhI samantabhadra ekAgracittase stavana karate rahe, jaba ye candraprabha svAmIkI stuti kara rahe the ki bhImaliMga zivakI piNDI vidIrNa ho 1. stutiSi, vasunandi, padya 116, pR. 141 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 175

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gayo aura madhyase candraprabha svAmIkA manoja svarNanimna prakaTa ho gayA / samantabharake isa mahAtmyako dekhakara zikkoTi rAjA apane bhAI zivAyana sahita Azcarya cakita huaa| samantabhadrane varddhamAna paryanta caturvizati tIrthaGkaroMko stuti pUrNa ho jAnepara rAjAko AzIrvAda diyaa| yaha kathAnaka 'rAjAlikathe'meM upalaydha hai| senagaNako paTAvalise bhI isa viSayakA samarthana hotA hai| paTTAvalImai bhImaliMga zivAlayameM zivakoTi gajAke samantabhadra dvArA camatkRta aura dIkSita honekA ullekha milatA hai| sAtha hI use navatiliMga dezakA rAjA sUcita kiyA hai, jisakI rAjadhAnI sambhavataH kAJcI rahI hogii| yahA~ yaha anumAna lagAnA bhI anucita nahIM hai ki sambhavatta: yaha ghaTanA kAzIkI na hokara kAJcIko hai / kAJcIko dakSiNa kAzI bhI kahA jAtA rahA hai.-"natiliMgadezAbhirAmadrAkSAbhirAmabhomaliGgasvayanvAdistoTakotkIraNa ? rudrasAndracadikAvizadayazaHzrIcandrajinendrasadarzanasamutpannakautUhalakalitazivakoTimahArAjataporAjyasthApakAcAryazrImatsamantabhadrasvAminAm"" ___ isa tathyakA samarthana zravaNabelagolAke eka abhilekhase bhI hotA hai| abhilekha meM samantabhadra svAmIke bhasmaka rogakA nirdeza AyA hai | ApatkAla samApta hone para unhoMne punaH muni-dIkSA grahaNa kii| batAyA hai "vandyo bhasmaka-masma-sAskRti-padaH padmAvatIdevatAdattodAtta-padasva-mantra-vacana-vyAhata-candraprabhaH / AcAryassa samantabhadragaNabhRdheneha kAle kalI, jainaM vartma samantabhadramabhavadbhadra samantAnmuhuH / / " arthAt jo apane bhasmaka rogako bhasmasAt karanemeM catura haiM, padmAvatI nAmaka devIkI divyazaktike dvArA jinheM udAtta padakI prApti huI, jinhoMne apane mantravacanoMse candraprabhako prakaTa kiyA aura jinake dvArA yaha kalNAbhakArI jaina mArga isa kalikAlameM saba orase bhadrarUpa humA, ve gaNanAyaka AcArya samantabhadra bAra-bAra vandanA kiye jAne yogya haiN| yaha abhilekha zaka saMvat 1022 kA hai / ataH samantabhadrako bhasmaka vyAdhiko kathA I0 sanke 10vI, 11vIM zatAbdImeM pracalita rahI hai| brahma nemidattake ArAdhanAkathAkoza meM bhI zivakoTi rAjAkA ullekha hai| rAjAke zivAlayameM ziva-navedyase bhasmaka-vyAdhiko zAnti aura candraprabhajinendrakI stuti par3hate samaya jinabimbakA prAdurbhUta honA sAtha-sAtha varNita hai| yaha 1. jaina siddhAnta mAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 1, pR. 38 / 2. jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 54, pR0 102 / 176 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura ranako AcArga-paramparA

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bhI batAyA gayA hai ki zivakodhi mahArAjane jinadIkSA bhI dhAraNa kI thii| brahmanemidattane zibakoTiko kAJco athavA nava tailaGga dezakA rAjA na likhakara vArANasIkA rAjA likhA hai | bhAratIya itihAsake AloDanase na to kAzIke zivakoTi rAjAkara hI ullekha milatA hai aura na kAJcIke hii| pro0 e0 cakravartIne paJcAstikAyakI apanI aMgrejI prastAvanAmeM batAyA hai ki kAJcIkA eka pallavarAjA zivaskandha varmA thA, jisane 'mAyadAbola' kA dAna-patra likhAyA hai / isa rAjAkA samaya viSNagopase pUrva prathama zatAbdI IsvI hai| yadi yahI zivakoTi rahA ho, to samantabhadrake sAtha isakA sambandha ghaTita ho sakatA hai| 'rAjAbAla kathe', paTTAvali, evaM zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhameM zivakoTikA nirdeza jisa rUpameM kiyA gayA hai usa rUpaka adhyayanase usake astitvase iMkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| brahma nemidattane samantabhadrakI kathAmeM kAzokA ullekha kiyA hai| para yaha kucha ThIka pratIta nahIM hotA ! nAthAke aise bhI kucha aMza haiM jo yathArtha nahIM . mAlama hote / kathAmeM AyA hai-'kAJcoma usa samaya bhasmaka vyAdhiko nAza karaneke lie snigdha bhojanoMko samprAptikA abhAva thaa| ata: ve kAJcI chor3akara uttarakI ora cala diye| ve puNDDandranagarameM phuNce| yahA~ bauddhoMko mahatI dAnazAlA dekhakara unhoMne bauddha bhikSukA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA / para jaba vahAM bhI mahAnyAdhikA upazama nahIM huA to ve vahA~se nikalakara aneka nagaroMmeM phUmate hue dazapura nagarameM pahuMce / yahA~ bhAgavatoMkA unnata maTha dekhakara ve viziSTa AhAraprAptikI icchAse bauddha bhikSakA veSa tyAga vaiSNava saMnyAsI bana gaye / yahA~ke viziSTa AhAra dvArA bhI jaba unakI bhasmaka vyAdhi zAnta na huI, to ve nAnA dezoM meM ghamate hue vArANasI pahuMce aura vahIM unhoMne yogi- liGga dhAraNa karake zivakoTi rAjAke zivAlayameM praveza kiyaa| yahAM ghI-dRdha-dahI-miSTAnna bAdinAnA prakArake naivedya zivake bhogake lie taiyAra kiye jAte the| samantabhadane zivakoTi rAjAse nivedana kiyA ki ve apanI divyazakti dvArA samasta nevaidyako zivako khilA sakate haiN| rAjAkA Adeza prApta kara samantabhadrane mandirake kapATa banda kara samasta nevedya svayaM grahaNa kiyA aura Acamanake pazcAt kivAr3a khola diye / rAjA zivakoTiko mahAna Azcarya hA ki manoMkI parimANameM upasthita kiyA gayA naivedya sAkSAt zivane hI avatarita hokara grahaNa kiyA hai| yogirAjakI zakti apUrva hai, ataeva unako zivAlayakA pradhAna purohita niyukta kiyA / samantabhadra pratidina nevedya prApta karane lage aura zanaiH zanaiH unako masmaka vyAdhi zAnta hone lgii| mandirake pramukha purohitoMne bhUtaghara aura sArasthatApArya : 177 12

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IrSyAvaza samantabhadrakI dekharekha ko aura rAjAko sUcanA dI ki tathAkathita yogi zivako nevedya na grahaNa karAkara svayaM nevedya grahaNa kara letA hai| rAjAke Adeza:nasAra eka dina samantabhadrako bhojana karate hae pakar3a liyA gayA aura unase zivavo namaskAra karaneke lie khaa| samantabhadrane uttara diyA. "rAgIdveSI deva mere namaskArako sahana nahIM kara sakatA hai| rAjAne AzA dI ki apanA sAmathyaM dikhalAkara svavacanako siddha kro| rAzmeiM samantabhadrako bacana-nirvAhako cintA huI, kyoMki prAtaHkAla hI sanako apanI parIkSAmeM uttIrNa honA thA / unako cintAke kAraNa ambikA devIkA Asana kampita huA aura vaha daur3akara samantabhadrake samakSa upasthita huI aura unheM AzvAsana diyA / prAta:kAla honepara apAra bhIr3a ekatra huI aura samantabhadne apanA svayaMbhUstotra Arambha kiyaa| jisa samaya ve candraprabha bhagavAnako stuti karate hue 'tamastamoreriva razmibhinnam' yaha vAkya par3ha rahe the, usI samaya vaha zivaliGga khaNDa-khaNDa ho gayA aura usake sthAnapara candraprama bhagavAnako catumukhI pratimA prakaTa huii| gajA zivakoTi samantabhadrake isa mahatvako dekhakara Azcaryacakita ho gayA aura usane samantabhadrase unakA paricaya pUchA / samantabhako uttara maile hue kahA-.. "kAcyA bhagnATako'haM malamalinatanulAmbaze pANDupiNDaH / puNDreNDe zAyabhikSurdazapuranagare miSTabhojI parivAT / / bArANasyAmabhUvaM zazakaradhavala; paanndduraanggstpsvii| rAjan yasthAsti zaktiH sa vadatu purato jainnirgrnthvaadii||" maiM kAJcImeM nagnadigambara yattike rUpameM rahA, zarIrameM roga honepara puNDanagagemeM bauddha bhikSu banakara maiMne nivAsa kiyA 1 pazcAt dazapura nagarameM miSTAnnabhojo parivAjaka banakara rahA / anantara vArANasImeM Akara zeva tapasvI bnaa| he rAjan ! maiM jainaninthavAdI-syAdvAdI hU~ / yahA~ jisakI zakti vAda karanekI ho vaha mere sammukha Aphara vAda kare / dvitIya padyameM AyA hai-- purNa pATaliputra-madhya-nagare bherI mayA tADitA pazcAnmAlava-sindhu-Thakka-viSaye kAJcIpure vaidishe| prApto'haM karahATaka bahubhaTaM vidyotkaTaM salUTa vAdArthI vicarAmyahAnarapate zAI lavikrIDitam // 1. vidaranamAlA, pu. 166 / 2. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA-54, paca-7, 10 102 / 178 : sIrthakara mahAvIra bora umako AcArya-paramparA

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maiMne pahale pATaliputra nagarameM vAdako bherI bjaaii| punaH mAlavA, sindha deza, unaka-DhAkA(baMgAla), kAJcIpura aura vaidiza-vidizA-bhelasAke AsapAsake pradezoMmeM bhero bAI / aba bar3e-bar3e vIroMse yukta isa karahATaka-karAr3a, jilA satArA, nagarako prApta huA hU~ / isa prakAra he rAjan ! maiM vAda karaneke lie siMhake samAna itastataH kor3A karatA phiratA huuN| rAjA zivakoTiko samantabhadrakA camatkAraka ukta AkhyAna sunakara virakti ho gayI aura vaha apane putra zrIkaNThako rAjya dekara prabajita ho gayA / samantabhadrane bhI guruke pAsa jAkara prAyazcitta le punaH dIkSA grahaNa kii| brahma nemidattake ArAdhanAkathA-koSakI ukta kathA prabhAcandra ke gadyAtmaka likhe gaye kathAkoSake AdhArapara likhI gayI hai| buddhivAdIkI dRSTise ukta kathAkA parIkSaNa karanepara samasta tathya buddhisaMgata pratIta nahIM hote haiM, phira bhI itanA to spaSTa hai ki samantabhadrako masmaka vyAdhi huI thI aura usakA zamana kisI zivakoTinAmaka rAjAke zivAlayameM jAnepara haA thaa| hamArA anumAna hai ki yaha ghaTanA dakSiNa kAzI arthAt kAJcIkI honI caahie| guru-ziSyaparamparA ___ samantabhadrako guru-ziSyaparamparAke sambandhameM abhI taka nirNIta rUpase kucha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| samasta jana vAmaya meM samantabhadrake sambandhameM prazaMsAtmaka uktiyA~ milatI haiN| samantabhadra vardhamAna svAmIke tIrthako sahasraganI vRddhi karane vAle hue aura inheM zrutakecaliRddhi prApta thii| cannarAyapaTTaNa tAllukeke abhilekha na0 149meM zrutakevalo-saMtAnako unnata karane vAle samantabhadra batAye gaye haiM "zrutakevaligalu palavarUna atItar Ad imbalikke tatsantAnonnatiyaM samantabhad vRttipara balendarU samastavidyAnidhigala / ' yaha abhilekha zaka saMvat 1047kA hai| isameM samantabhadrako zrutakeliyoMke samAna kahA gayA hai | eka abhilekhameM batAyA hai ki zrutakeliyoM aura anya AcAryoM ke pazcAt samantabhadrasvAmI zrIvardhamAnasvAmIke tIrthakI sahasragaNI vRddhi karate hue abhyudayako prApta hue| ___ "zrIvaImAnasvAmigalu tIrthadolu kevaligalu RviprAptarUM zrutakeligalaM 1. ephiyAphiyA kaNATikA, paMcama silva, abhilekhana nN.-149| zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 159

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palarUM siddhasAdhyar Age tat"...."yaMmaM sahanagaNaM mAThi samantabhadra-svAmigalu sandara......'' ina AbhalekhoMte itanA hI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki samantabhadra zrutagharoMkI paramparAke AcArya the | inheM jo zrutaparamparA prApta huI thI, usa zrutaparamparAko inhoMne bahuta hI vRddhiMgata kiyA / __vikramakI 14 vIM zatAbdIke vidvAn kavi hastimalla aura 'ayyappAyane' 'zrImalasaMghazyomanendu vizeSaNa dvArA inako mUlasaMgharUpI AkAzakA candamA batAyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki samantabhadra mUladhaka AcArya cha / zravaNabelagolake abhilekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki bhadrabAha zrutakevaloke ziSya candragupta, candragupta munike vaMzaja payanandi aparanAma kundakunda munirAja, unake vaMzaja gaddhapicchAcArya aura gaddhapicchake ziSya balAphapicchAcArya aura unake vaMzaja samantabhadra hue / abhilekhameM batAyA hai "zrIgaddhapiccha-munipasya balAphapiccha: ziSyojani'STabhuvanatrayattikotiH / cAritracaJcurakhilAvanipAla-mauli. maalaa-shiliimukh-viraajitpaadpprH|| evaM mahAcAryaparamparAyAM syAtkAramudrAGkitatattvadopaH / bhadrassamantAdguNato gaNozassamantabhadroni vAdisiMhaH / / " ina padyoMse vidita hai ki samantabhadra kundakunda, gRddhapicchAcArya Adi mahAn AcAryoMkI paramrAmeM hue the| senagaNako paTTAvalimeM samantabhadrako senagaNakA AcArya sUcita kiyA hai| yadyapi isa paTTA meM AcAryokI nAmabaddha paramparA aMkita nahIM kI gayo hai, to bhI itanA spaSTa hai ki samantabhadrako usameM senagaNakA AcArya parigaNita kiyA hai| zravaNabelagolAke abhilekha naM0 108 meM nandi, sena Adi cAra prakArake saMghabhedakA bhaTTAkalaMkadevake svargArohaNake pazcAt ullekha hai| parantu samantabhadra akalaMkadevase bahuta pahale ho cuke haiM / akalaMkadevase pahaleke sAhityameM ina cAra prakArake gnnoN| koI ullekha bhI dikhalAI nahIM par3atA hai| yadyapi indranandike zratAvatAra evaM abhilekhanaM0505meM ina cAroMsokA pravartaka ahaMdabali AcAryako 1. belUra tAlukekA kannar3I abhilekha na0-17 / 2. jaina zilAlasa sagraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 40, paca 8-9, 10 25 / 3. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, 151, jama siddhAnta bhavana, maaraa| 180 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArga-parampaga

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likhA hai / para zrutAvatAra akalaMkadevase pazcAtvartI racanA hai| tirUmakUDala narasipura tAllukeke zilAlekha naM. 105meM samantabhadrako mila saMghake antargata nandisaMghakI arUMgala zAkhAkA vidvAn sUcita kiyA hai| ataH yaha nizcayapUrvaka kaha sakanA kaThina hai ki samantabhadra amuka gaNa yA saMghake the / itanA tathya hai ki samantabhadra guddhavicchAcAryake 'mokSamArgasya netAram' maMgalastotrameM stuta Aptake mImAMsaka honese ve unake tathA kundakundake anvayameM samaya-nirdhAraNa vAcArya samantabhadrake samayake sambandhameM vidvAnoMne paryApta UTApoha kiyA hai| mi. levisa rAIsakA anumAna hai ki samantabhadra I0 ko prathama yA dvitIya zatAbdImeM hue haiN| __ 'karnATaka ginIMno' nAma lar3I anAka rAyatA Ara narasiMhAcAryane samantabhadrakA samaya zaka saMvat 60 (I0 san 138)ke lagabhaga mAnA hai| unake pramANa bhI rAIsake samAna hI haiN| zrIyut ema0 esa0 rAmasvAmI AyaMgarane apanI "Studies in Sowth Indian Jainisni' nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai-"samantabhadra una prakhyAta digambara lekhakoMko zreNImeM sabase prathama the, jinhoMne prAcIna rASTrakUTa rAjAoMke samayameM mahAn prAdhAnya prApta kiyaa|" ___ madhyakAlIna bhAratIya nyAyake itihAsa (hisTro oNpha do miDiAyala skUla oNpha iNDiyana lAjika) meM DaoN0 satIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNane yaha anumAna prakaTa kiyA hai ki samantabhadra I0 san 600ke lagabhaga hue haiM | unhoMne apane isa kathanake lie koI taka nahIM diyaa| kevala itanA hI batalAyA hai ki bauddha tAkipha dharmakotikA samakAlIna kumArilabhaTTa hai aura inakA samaya I0 san sAtavIM zatAbdI hai / kumArilane samantabhadrakA nirdeza kiyA hai / ataH kumArila. ke pUrva samantabhadrakA samaya mAnanA ucita hai| siddhasenane apane nyAyAvatArameM samantabhadrake ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArakA nimnalikhita padya uddhRta kiyA hai.-. "AptopajamanullaMdhyamadRSTeSTaviroSakam / tattvopadezakRtasA zAstra kApathaghaTTanam / / 1. Inscriptions ar shravan Belgol nAmaka pustakakI prastAvanA / 2. rasmakaraNazrAvakAcAra, padya / pratadhara sArasvatAcArya : 181

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isa padyako lekara vivAda hai / paMDita sukhalAlajIkA mata hai ki yaha nyAyAbatArakA mala padya hai| vahIMse yaha ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArameM gayA hai| para vicAra karanese yaha tarka saMgata pratIta nahIM hotA hai| yataH ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArameM jisa sthAna para yaha paca AyA hai vahIM vaha kramabaddharUpameM niyojita hai| samantabharane samyagdarzanako paribhASA jAdA dara AptamAma mauromanane zramAno samyagdarzana kahA hai| isa prasaMgameM unhoMne sarva prathama AptakA svarUpa batalAyA hai aura tatpazcAt AgamakA | zAstrakA svarUpa basalAte hue ukta padya likhA hai| isake anantara tapobhRtakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| ata: kramabaddhatAko dekhate hue ukta padyakA udbhavasthAna samantabhadrakA ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra hai| vaha anyatra se uddhata nahIM hai| parantu yaha sthiti nyAyAvatArameM nahIM hai| nyAyAvatArameM svArthAnumAnakA lakSaNanirUpaNake pazcAt zAbda-Agama pramANakA kathana karaneke lie eka padya, jisameM zAbdakA pUrA lakSaNa A gayA hai, nibaddha kara isa padyako upasthita kiyA hai, jise vahA~se alaga kara denepara granthakA bhaGga bhI nahIM hotaa| parantu ratnakaraNDanAvakAcArameMse use haTA dene para grandha-bhaGga ho jAtA hai| ata: isa padyako nyAyAktAramai mUla grantharacayitAkA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / nyAyAvatArameM zAbdapramANakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra hai dRSTeSTAvyAhatAdvAkyAtparamArthAbhidhAyinaH / tattvagnAhitayotpannaM mAnaM zAbdaM prakIrtitam / isa padyake pazcAt hI ukta 'Aptopaja' Adi padya diyA hai. jo vyartha, punaruta aura anAvazyaka hai| AcArya zrI jugalakizorane apane 'svAmI samantabhadra' zIrSaka prabandha vistArase isapara vicAra kiyA hai| ataeva nyAyAvatArameM ullikhita ukta pathake AdhAra para samantabhadrako usake kartA siddhasenase uttaravartI batalAnA samucita nahIM hai| svAmI samantabhadrake samayapara vicAra karanevAle jaina vicArakoMmeM do vicAradhArAeM upalabdha haiN| prathama vicAradhArAke pravartaka paMDita nAtharAmajI premI haiM aura usake samarthaka DaoN0 hIrAlAlajI Adi haiN| premIjIne svAmI samanta. bhavakA samaya chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai| unakA tarka hai ki 'mokSamArgasya netAra' maMgalAcaraNa sUtrakAra umAsvAmIkA na hokara sarvArthasiddhiTIkAkAra deva. 1. ratnakaraNyAyakAcAra, paba / / 2. nyAyAvatAra, sampAdaka ga. pI. ela. paMca, san 1928 / 3, jaina sAhitma aura itihAsa, pR0 45,46 / 182 : tIpaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI ApArya-paramparA

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1 nandi- pUjyapAdakA hai aura isI maMgalAcaraNake AdhAra para svAmI samantabhadrane 'Asa mImAMsA' nAmaka granthakI racanA kI hai| ataeva inakA samaya devanandipUjyapAda ( I0 5vIM zatI) ke anantara honA cAhiye / premIjIke isa matakA samarthana kucha bhinna yuktiyoM dvArA AcArya zrIsukhalAlajI saMghavI evaM DaoN0 mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcArya bhI kiyA hai| paMDita sukhalAlajone samantabhadrapara prasiddha ala tArkika dharmako rtikA prabhAva anumita kara unakA samaya dharmakIrtike uparAnta batalAyA hai| paM0 mahendrakumArajIne 'mokSamArgasya netAraM ' maMgalAca - raNako devanandi-pUjyapAdakA siddha kara usapara AptamImAMsA likhanevAle samantabhadrakA samaya unake bAda arthAt chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai / kintu ullekhanIya hai ki jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 9, kiraNa 1 meM 'mokSamArgastha netAram' zAkase jo unhoMne nibandha likhA thA aura jisake AdhAra para AcArya samantabhadrakA ukta chaThI zatAbdI samaya nirdhArita kiyA thA, jisakA ullekha nyAyakumudacandra ke dvitIya bhAgako prastAvanA meM kiyA thA, usapara DaoN0 darabArolAlajI kAThiyAne 'tattvArthasUtrakA maMgalAcaraNa' zIrSaka do vistRta nibandhoM dvArA 'anekAnsa' varSa 5, kiraNa 6, 7 tathA 10, 11 meM gaharA vicAra karake 'mokSamArgasya netAram' maMgalastotrakA tatvArtha sUtrakAra AcArya gRddhapicchakA siddha kiyA hai| phalataH DaoN0 mahendrakumArajone apane purAne vicArameM parivartana kara samantabhadrakA samaya siddhivinizcayaTIkA' kI prastAvanA evaM 'jaina darzana' granthoM meM I0 san dvitIya zatAbdI svIkAra kara liyA hai, jo AcArya mukhtAra Adi vidvAnoMkI dRr3ha mAnyatA hai / 3 AcArya zrI jugalakizora jo mukhtAra ne samantabhadra ke sAhityakA gambhIra AloDana kara unakA samaya vikramako dvitIya zatI mAnA hai| isake isa matakA samarthana DaoN0 jyoti prasAda jainane aneka yuktiyoMse kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai - svAmAM samantabhadrakA samaya 120 - 185 I0 nirmita hotA hai aura yaha siddha hotA hai ki unakA janma pUrvataTavartI nAgarAjya saghake antargata uragapura (vartamAna tricanApallA ) ke nAgavaMzI cola nareza kI likavamanuke kaniSTha putra evaM 1, nyAyakumudacandra bhAga 2 kA prAkkathana | 2. nyAyakumudacandra bhAga 2 kI prastAvanA / 3. siddhivinizcamaTIkA prastAvanA, pR0 17, bhAratIyajJAnapITha, sabhA jainadarzana, 10 22, zrIgaNeyAprasAda vargI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI / 4. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, mANi candragranthamAlA, svAmI samantabhadra zIrSaka prabandha, tathA aneka varSa 14, kiraNa1, pR0 3-8 / bhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 183

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uttarAdhikArI marvavarmana (zeSanA) anuja rAjakumAra bhAratavarmanake rUpameM sambhavasayA I0 san 120ke lagabhaga humA thA, san 138 I0 (paTTAvali prasatta zaka saM060)meM unhoMne manidIkSA lI aura 185 I0ke lagabhaga ve svargastha hue pratIta hote haiN| ataeva samantabhadrakA samaya aneka pramANoMke AdhAra para IsvI manko dvitIya zatI avagata hotI hai|' inake citrAlaMkAra sambandhI stutividyAke AdhAra para jo yaha kahA jAtA hai ki samantabhadra alaMkRta kAvyayugake kavi haiM aura inakA samaya bhAravike Asa-pAsa mAnanA cAhiye / yaha tarka bhI adhika sabala nahIM hai| ekAkSarI yA yakSarI yA anya citrakAvyoMkI paramparA vaidika kAlase hI yatkicita rUpa meM prApta hone lagatI hai| dakSiNa bhAratameM citrakAbyoMkI paramparA bahuta prAcIna samayase calI A rahI hai / samantabhadne citrakAvyakA prayoga usI paramparAke AdhArapara kiyA hai| ataH usake AdhApara para unakA samaya arvAcIna batalAnA yurU nahIM hai| ataeva saMkSepameM samantabhadrakA samaya I0 san dvitIya zatAbdI hai aura 'mAkSamArgasya netAra'ko AcArya vidyAnandane sUtrakAra mRddhapicchakA hI maMgalAcaraNa mAnA hai, sarvArthasiddhikAra pUjyapAda-devanandikA nahIM / samantabharako racanAeM saMskRta kAvyakA prArambha hI stuti-kAzyase huA hai| jisaprakAra vaidika RSiyoMne svAnubhUti-jIvanakI jIvantadhArA aura saundayaMbhAvanAko stutikAvyako paTabhUmipara hI aMkita kiyA hai, usIprakAra svAmI samantamadane bhI darzana, siddhAnta evaM nyAyasambandhI mAnyatAoMko stuti-kAvyake mAdhyamase abhivyakta kiyA hai / ataeva stutiyoMko vibhinna paramparAmeM Adya jaina stutikAra samantabhadrane bauddhika cintana aura mAnavajIvanako projjavala kalpanAko stuti-bhAgyake rUpameM ho mUtimattA pradAna kI hai| inake dvArA racita stutiyoMmeM tarala bhAvanAoMke sAtha mastiSkakA cintanabhI samaveta hai| samantabhadra dvArA likhita nimnalikhita racanAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM1. bRhada syambhUstotra 2. stutividyA-jinazataka / 3. devAgamastotra-AsamImAMsA 4. yuktyanuzAsana 5. ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra 1. anekAnta, varSa 14, kiraNa 11-12, 10 334 / 184 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI mAghArya-paramparA

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6. jIvasiddhi 7. tattvAnuzAsana 8 prAkRtavyAkaraNa 9. pramANapadArtha 10. karmaprAmutaTIkA 11. gandhahastimahAbhASya - 1. bRhat svambhUstotra -- isakA apara nAma svambhUstotra athavA caturviMzati stotra mI' hai| isameM RSabhadevase lekara mahAvora paryanta caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI kramazaH stutiyA~ hai / isa stotrake bhaktirasameM gambhIra anubhUti evaM tarkaNAyukta cintana nibaddha hai / ataH ise sarasvattokI svacchanda vihArabhUmi kahA jA sakatA hai| isa 'stotra' ke saMskRta TIkAkAra prabhAcandra ne ise 'ni:zeSajinogatadharma' kahA hai| isameM kula padyoMkI saMkhyA nimna prakAra hai 1. zrI RSabhajina stavana, padya 5 2 zrIajitajina stavana, padya 5, 3. zrI sambhavajina stavana, padya 5, 4. zrIabhinandanajina stavana padya 5, 5. zrosumati jina stavana padya 5, 6 zrIpadmaprabhajina stavana padya 5, 7. zrI supArzvabana stavana padya 5, 8. zrIcandraprabhajina stavana padya 5, 9 zrasubidhajina stavana padya 5, 10. zrIzItalajina stavana padya 5, 11. zrI zraMyojina stavana padya 5, 12. zrIvAsupUjyajina stavana padya 5, 13. zrIvimala jinastavana padya 5, 14. zrImanantajina stavana padya 5 15 zrI maMjina stavana padya 5, 16. zrIzAntijina stavana padya 5, 17. zrI kunthujina stavana padya 5, 18. zrIarajina stavana padya 20, 19 zrI mallijina stavana padya 5, 20 zrImunisuvratajina stavana pahA 5,21. zrInamijina stavana padya 5, 2. zrIariSTanemijina stavana padya 10, 23. zrI pAzrvajina stavana padma 5, 24. zrIvIrajina stavana padya 8 = 143 | isa stotrameM kavine prabandha-paddhati ke bIjoMko nihita kara itivRtta sambandhI aneka tathyoMko prastuta kiyA hai| prathama tIrthaMkarako prajApatike rUpameM asi, maSi, kRSi, sevA, zilpa aura vANijyakA upadeza kahA hai| isa stotrameM bAye hue 'nirdayabhasmasAtkriyAm padase sammataH AcAryane apanI bhasmaka vyAdhikA saMketa kiyA hai tathA sambhavanAthako stutimeM sambhavajinako vaidyakA rUpaka dekara apanI jIvanaghaTanAmoMko ora saMketa kiyA hai| isI prakAra "yasyAGga- lakSmI - pariveza bhinnaM 1. anuvAdaka aura sampAdaka zrI paMDita jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yumavIra', prakAzaka vIra mandira 21 dariyAgaMja dillI / zrutabhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 185

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samastamorekhi razmibhinam " padase rAjA zivakoTike zivAlaya meM ghaTita ha ghaTanAkA saMketa prApta hotA hai / samasta bhavane bAda (zAstrArtha ) dvArA jaina siddhAntoMkA pracAra kiyA thA / zravaNavelagolake abhilekhoMke anusAra pATaliputra, Dhakka, mAlava, kAMcI Adi dezoMmeM unhoMne zAstrArthaM kara jinasiddhAntoMkI zreSThatA pratipAdita kI thii| isa ora bhI unakA saMketa "sva-pakSa sausthitya madA'valiptA bAksiMha-nA devimadA vabhUvuH " padyAMzase milatA hai / zAntinAthatIrthaMkarane cakravatitvapada prApta kiyA thA aura unhoMne SaTkhaNDakI digvijayakara samasta rAjAoM ko karada banAyA thaa| unake rAjyakAlameM prajA atyanta sukhI aura samRddha thI / isa bAtakI sUcanA nimnalikhita padyAMzoMse prApta hotI hai "cakraNa yaH zatru-bhayaGkaraMNa jitvA nRpaH sarva-narendra-cakram" X X X 4 " vidhAya rakSA parataH prajAnAM rAjA ciraM yo'pratima pratApaH * mallijina Ajanma brahmacArI the| unakI gaNanA bAlayatiyoMmeM hai / isI prakAra ariSTa nemiko bhI bAlayati kahA gayA hai / ina donoM tIrthaMkaroMke stavanameM 'maharSi' yA 'RSi' zabdake prayoga Aye hai, jo ina tIrthaMkaroMke bAlayatitvako abhivkta karate haiM / pArzvanAthastotrameM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthake munijIvanameM tapazcaryA karate samaya merI kamaTha dvArA kiye upasarga tathA padmAvatI aura gharaNendra dvArA usake nivAraNakA varNana nimnalikhita patroMmeM kiyA hai "tamAla-nIleH saghanustaDidguNeH prakIrNa- mImAzani - vAyu-vRSTibhiH / balAhakaivairi-varupadruto mahAmanA yo na cacAla yogataH // bRhatphaNA-maNDala- maNDapena yaM sphurataDitpiGga-kacopasargiNam / jugUha nAgo dharaNo gharAgharaM virAga-saMdhyA-sahidambudo yathA " || isa prakAra isa stotra-kAvya meM prabandhAtmaka bIjasUtra sarvatra vidyamAna haiM / 1. candraprabhajina stavana padya 2 2. bahI, vadya re / 3. pA Mtijina stavana, padma 2 / 4. vahI pakSa 1 / 5. pArzvanAtha stavana padya 1, 2 / 186 tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI khAcArya paramparA

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stotrasAhityakA nirmAtA vahIM saphala mAnA jAtA hai, jo stotroke madhya meM prabandhAtmaka bImA yojanA karatA hai| pahalA . to banate hI haiM, sAtha hI unameM preSaNIyatA vizeSa utpanna hotI hai| samantabhadAcAyane vaidika mantroMke samAna hI prabandhabhita stotroMkA praNayanakara dArzanika aura kAvyAtmaka kSetrameM naye paraNacinha upasthita kiye haiN| vaMzastha, indravajA, upendravajA, upajAti, vasantatilakA, rathokhatA, pathyAvaktra-anuSTupa, subhadrikA-mAlaptImizrita, vAnavAsikA, vetAsIya, zikhariNI, udgatA evaM AryAgIti ina teraha prakArake chandoMkA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| alaMkAra-yojanAkI dRSTise upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka, aryAnsaranyAsa, udAharaNa, dRSTAnta evaM anyokti prabhRti alaMkAra ullekhya haiM / atizayoktikA nimna udAharaNa dhyAtavya hai . tava rUpasya saundarya dRSTavA tRpti manApivAn / dvapakSaH zakraH sahasrAkSo vabhUva bahu-vismayaH / / yahA~ bhagavAnke saundaryako do netroMse dekhane meM atRptikA anubhava karate hue indrane sahasra netra dhAraNakara bhagavAnke rUpa-saundaryakA avalokana kara Azcarya prApta kiyA hai| isa sandabhameM atizayoki haiM / udAharaNAlaMkAra sukhAbhilASA'naladAhamUcchittaM mano nijaM mAnamayA'mRtAmbubhiH / vyavidhyapastvaM viSadAhamohitaM yathA bhiSagmantraguNaiH svavigraham / / jisaprakAra vaidya viSadAhase mUcchita hue apane zarIrako viSApahAramantrake guNoMse usakI amoghazaktiyoMse niviSa evaM mUrchA rahita kara detA hai, usIprakAra he zottalajina ! Apane sAMsArika sukhoMko abhilASArUpa agnike dAhase mUSThita hue apane AtmAko mAnamaya amasake siJcanase mUcchArahita-zAnta kiyA hai / rUpakAlaMkAra sa candramA bhavyakumuddhatInAM vipannadoSAdhakalakulepaH / vyAkoza-yAGa-nyAya-mayUlamAla: pUyAtpavitro bhagavammano me / / yahA~-'bhavyakumudatonA' aura 'doSAna-kalA-lepaH'meM rUpakakI yojanA hai| 1. svayambhU stotra, aravinastava, pama 4 / 2. vahI, zItalajinastavana padya 2 / 3. baho, candrapramajina, 15 5 / zrutapara maura sArasvatAcArya : 187

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ina rUpakoMne bhAvoMko sahaja grAhya to banAyA hI hai, sAtha hI candraprabha bhagavAna ke guNoMkA prabhAva bhI dikhalAyA hai| bhavyakumudaniyoMko vikasita karane ke lie candraprabha candramA haiN| upamA padmaprabhaH padyapalAza-lezyaH panAlayAliGgitacArumUttiH / babhI bhavAn bhavya-payoruhANAM padmAkarANAmiva panabandhuH / / padmapatrake samAna dravyalezyAke dhAraka haiM padmaprabhAjana Apako sundaramatti padmAlaya-lakSmIse AliGgita rahI hai aura Apa bhavyakamaloMko vikasita karane ke lie usI taraha bhAsamAna hue haiM, jisaprakAra sUrya kamalasamUhakA vikAsa karatA huA suzobhita hotA hai| saMkSepameM stotrakAvyameM ekAntatatvakI samIkSApUrvaka syAdvAdanayase anekAntAmRtatasvakI sthApanA kI gayI hai| 2. stutividhA jinazataka aura jinazatakAlaMkAra bhI isake nAma Aye haiN| isameM citrakAvya aura bandharacanAkA apUrva kauzala samAhita hai| zatakakAvyoMmeM isakI gaNanA kI gayI hai / sau padyomeM kisI eka viSayase sambaddha racanA likhanA asAdhAraNa bAta mAnI jAto tho / prastuta jinazatakameM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMkI citrabandhoMmeM stuti kI gayI hai| bhAvapakSa aura kalApakSa donoM naitika evaM dhArmika upadezake upaskAraka banakara Aye haiM | samantabhadrakI kAvyakalA isa stotrameM Ayanta vyApta hai / murajAdi cakrabandhako racanAke kAraNa citra kAvyakA utkarSa isa stotrakAvya meM pUrNatayA vartamAna hai| samantabhadra kI isa kRtise spaSTa hai ki citrakAvyakA vikAsa mAghottarakAlameM nahIM huA, balki bhASa karise kaI sau varSa pUrva ho cakA hai| citra, zleSa aura yamakakA samAveza bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha sambhava hai ki dAkSiNatya bhASAoMke viziSTa sampakake kAraNa samantabhadrane citra-zleSa aura yamakakA paryApta vikAsa kara ukta kAvyako racanA kii| isa kRtimeM murajabandha, ardhabhrama, gatapratyAgatArSa, cakrabandha, anuloma, pratiloma krama evaM sarvatobhadra Adi citroMkA prayoga AyA hai | ekAkSara pacoMko sundaratA kalAko dRSTise atyanta prazaMsanIya hai| 1. padmaprabhajanastavana, pada 1 / 2. anuvAdaka paNDita pannAlAlalI sAhitmAcArya, prakAzaka, vIrasevAmandira, dillI / 188 : tIrthakara mahAvora aura unakI bAcArya paramparA

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kucha vidvAnoMkA isa kRtiko dekhakara yaha anumAna hai ki jisa kRtrima zailImeM samantabhadrane stutividyAkA praNayana kiyA hai yaha kRtrima zailI I0 sanakI cautho zatAbdIse vikasita hotI hai / ata: kRtrima zailIke kAraNa yaha kRti dvitIya-tRtIya zatIkI racanA nahIM ho sktii| vicAra karanepara ukta mata ninti pratIta nahIM hotA, yataH kRtrima zailIke vikAsakA mUla kAraNa AryabhASAke sAtha dravir3a bhASAkA samparka hai| drAvir3a-parivArako bhASAoMmeM citra, zleSa aura camakalo adhika bhapatA hai| bAra- samantabhadrane dAkSiNAtya honeke kAraNa hI isa zailIkA prayoga kiyA hai / isa stotrameM kula 116 padya haiM aura antima padyameM "kavikAvyanAmagarmacakravRttama" hai| jisake bAharake SaSTa valayameM 'zAstivarmakRtam' aura caturthavalaya meM 'jinastutizatam' kI upalabdhi hotI hai / upamA, utprekSA aura rUpakakA eka sAtha prayoga kAvyakalAko dRSTise zlAghanIya hai| yahAM udAharaNArtha kAvyaliMgako prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai suzraddhA mama te mate smRtirapi tvayyarcanaM cApi te hastAvejalaye kathAzrutirataH karNo'kSi saMprekSate / sustutyAM vyasanaM zirA natiparaM sevedvazI yena te tejasvI sujano'hameva sukRto tenaiva tejaHpate' || jinendra bhagavAnakI ArAdhanA karanevAle manuSyako AtmA AtmIya tejase jagamagA uThatI hai / vaha sarvotkRSTa puruSa ginA Ane lagatA hai| tathA usake mahAna puNyakA bandha hotA hai| yahAM smaraNa, pUjana, aJjali-bandhana, kapA-zravaNa, darzana AdikA kramazaH niyojana honese parisaMkhyA-alaMkAra hai / AcAryane hetu-vAkyoMkA prayoga kara kAvyaliMgakI mI yojanA kI hai| isa prakAra yaha stuti-vidyA stotra-kAvya aura darzanaguNoM se yukta hai | aura hai saviveka bhkti-rcnaa| 3. AtamImAMsA yA devAgamastotra stotrake rUpameM tarka aura AgamaparamparAko kasoTIpara Ama-sarvadevakI mImAMsA kI gayI hai| samantabhadra andhazraddhAlu nahIM haiM, ve zraddhAko tarkakI kasoTIpara kasakara yukti-AgamadvArA bAptakI vivecanA karate haiN| AptaviSayaka mUlyAMkanameM sarvajJAbhAvavAdI mImAMsaka, bhAvakAntavAdI sAMsya, 1. stutividyA, padya 115 / 2, AcArya jugalakizora mustAra dvArA sampAdita vIra sevA mandira TrasTa prakAzana vaaraannsii| zrutaghara aura sArasvaptAdhArya : 189

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- 1 ekAntaparyAyavAdI bauddha evaM sarvathA ubhayavAdI vaizeSikakA tarkapUrvaka vivecana karate hue nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAmAva, anyonyAbhAva aura atyantAbhAvakA saptabhaMgInyAyadvArA samarthana kara vIrazAsanakI mahattA pratipAdita kI hai / sarvathA asavAda, dvaitavAda, karmadvaita phaladvaita, lokadvaita prabhRtikA nirasana kara anekAntAtmakatA siddha kI gayI hai| isameM anekAntavA kA svastha svarUpa vidyamAna hai / udAharaNake lie" dravyaparyAyoraikyaM tayoravyatirekataH / pariNAmavizeSAcca zaktimacchaktibhAvataH // saMjJAsaMkhyAvizeSAcca svalakSaNavizeSataH / prayojanAdimedAcca tanAnAtvaM na sarvathA // dravya aura paryAya kathaMcit eka hai, kyoMki ve bhinna upalabdha nahIM hote tathA ve kathaMcit aneka hai kyoMki pariNAma, saMjJA, saMkhyA, AdikA bheda hai / deva- puruSArtha, puNya-pApa Adiko siddhi anekAntake dvArA hA hotI hai / ekAntavAdiyoMkI samasta sArasyaoMkA upAdhAya kAyake dvArA prastuta kiyA gayA hai / - isa stotrameM 115 padya haiN| 'devAgama' padadvArA stotrakA Arambha honeke kAraNa yaha 'devAgama' stotra bhI kahA jAtA hai / samantabhadrakI parIkSA pradhAna dRSTi isa stotrakAvya meM samAhita hai / kavitvako dRSTise yaha kAvya bojhila hai / kAvya rasa- darzanakI caTTAna ke bhItara praveza karanepara hI kvacit prApta hotA hai, aprastuta vidhAnakA bhI abhAva hai| ovana aura jagatkI vibhinna samasyAoM kA samAdhAna isa stotrakAvya meM avazya vartamAna hai / 4. yuktyanuzAsana - vIrake sarvodaya tIrthaMkA mahatva pratipAdita karane ke lie unako stuti kI gayI hai / yuktipUrNaka mahAvIrake zAsanakA maNDana aura viruddhamatoMkA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| samasta jinazAsanako kevala 64 padmoM meM hI samAviSTa kara diyA hai| agauravako dRSTise yaha kAvya uttama hai, 'gAgarameM sAgara' ko bhara denekI kahAvata caritArtha hotI hai| mahAvIrake tIrtha ko sarvodaya tI' kahA hai--- "sarvAntavattad guNamukhya kalpaM sarvAntazUnyaM ca miyo'napekSam / sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM saveyaM // P 1. devama padya 71,72, bAcArya jugalakizora mustAra dvArA sampAdita, bIrasevAmandira TrasTa prakAzana, vArANasI / 2. sampAdana AcArya jugalakizora, vIra sevA nandira prakAzana / 3. bahI - 62 / 190 khoyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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isaprakAra mahAvIrake tIrthaMko hI samasta vipattiyoMkA anta karanevAlA sarvodaya tIrtha kahA hai / 5. ratnakaraNDabhAvakAcAra - jIvana aura AcArako vyAkhyA isa grantha meM kI gayI hai / 150 padmoM meM vistArapUrvaka samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna aura samyak cAritrakA vivecana karate hue kundakundakera nirdezAnusAra sallekhanAko zrAvakake vratoMmeM sthAna diyA hai| antameM zrAvakakI ekAdaza pratimAeM varNita haiM / DA~0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAlane samIcIna dharmazAstra - ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAarekI bhUmikA meM likhA hai---"svAmI samantabhadrane apanI vizvalokopakAriNI vANI se na kevala jainamArgako saba orase kalyANakArI banAnekA prayatna kiyA hai| {jainaM vatmaM samantabhadramabhavadbhadra N samantAt muhuH) kintu zuddhamAnavI dRSTise bhI unhoMne manuSyako naitika barAtalapara pratiSThita karaneke lie buddhivAdI dRSTikoNa apanAyA / unake isa dRSTikoNa meM mAnava mAtrako ruci ho sakatI hai / samantabhadrakI dRSTimeM manakI sAdhanA hRdayakA parivartana saccI sAdhanA hai / bAhya AcAra to bambaroMse bhare bhI ho sakate haiN| jenA hai ki modI munise nirmohI gRhastha zreSTha hai ( kArikA-33 ) | kisIne cAhe cANDAla yonimeM bhI zarIra dhAraNa kiyA ho, kintu yadi usameM samyak darzanakA udaya ho gayA hai to devatA aise vyaktiko deva samAna hI mAnate haiN| aisA vyakti bhasmase DhaMke hue kintu antara meM dahakate hue aMgAre kI taraha hotA hai / " isa granthakI pramukha vizeSatAe~ nimnalikhita hai1. zrAvakake aSTamUlaguNoMkA vivecana 2. mahatpUjanakA vaiyAvRtyake antargata sthAna 3. vratoMmeM prasiddhi pAnevAloMke nAmollekha 4. mohI muniko apekSA nirmohI dhAvakakI zreSThatA 5. samyaka darzana sampanna mAtaMgako devatulya kahakara udAra dRSTikoNakA upanyAsa | 6. kundakunda aura umAsvAmIko zrAvaka dharma sambandhI mAnyatAoMoMko AtmasAtkara svatantra rUpameM zrAvakadharmasambandhI granthakA praNayana 1. isa sandake aneka saMskaraNa prakAzita hai / bIra sevA mandira, dillI se prakAzita saMskaraNa adhyayanIya hai / 2. kundakundakA cAritramAhura gAvA 25-26 / 3. samIcIna dharmazAstra, bhIra sevA mandira dillI prAkkathana, pu0 16 ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 191

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isa kRtimeM kati kA japantadramA mana nahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / TIkAkAra prabhAcandrane ise samantabhadrakRta likhA hai| ata: DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina AptamImAMsAmeM nirUpita Aptake lakSaNako zailIko apekSA isakI zailImeM mitratA prAptakara aura pAcanAthacaritakI utthAnikAmeM yogondrakI racanAke nirdezako pAkara ise yogIndradevakI racanA mAnate haiN| granthake upAntya zlokameM 'bItakalA', vidyA' aura 'sarvArthasiddhi' zabdoMko tattad AcArya aura granyoMkA sUcaka mAnakara AThavIMgyArahavIM zatIke madhyako racanA ise svIkAra karate haiN|' ataH DaoN jainake matAnusAra yaha kRti AptamImAMmAke racayitA svAmI samantabhadrakI nahIM hai| bhale hI koI dUsarA samantabhadra isakA racayitA rahA ho| DaoN. sAhabane ukta mantavyako prakaTa karane ke lie eka nibandha banekAnta, varSa 8, kiraNa 1-3, pR. 26-33, 86-20 aura 125-132 meM likhA thA, trisakA prativAda DaoN. pro. daravArolAla koThiyAne anekAnta varSa 8 kiraNa 4-5 meM kiyA hai| DaoN0 koThiyAne DaoN. jainake tarkokA uttara dete hue prastuta kRtiko bAcArya samantabhadrakI hI racanA siddha kiyA hai| maiM isa vivAdameM na par3akara itanA avazya kahaMgA ki samantabhadra ke anya granthoMke samAna isa granyake mo do nAma upalabdha haiM.-1. samocona dharmazAstra aura 2. varNya viSayake anusAra rlkrnnddkshraavkaacaar| svAmI samantabhadrakI yaha zelI hai ki ve apane pratyeka prandhake do nAma rakhate haiM--prathama nAmakA nirdeza prathama padyaka prArambhika vAkyameM kara dete haiM aura dUsarekA nirdeza granthake varNya viSayake AdhArapara rahatA hai| yaha nirvivAda satya hai ki isa granthameM pratipAdita viSaya bahuta prAcIna hai| zrutadhara kundakundake cAritrapAhuDa, pravacanasAra, darzanapAhuDa, solapAhuda Adise viSayako sUtrarUpameM grahaNakara naye rUpameM zrAvakAcArasambandhI siddhAntoMkA praNayana kiyA hai| ata: vidvAnoMke madhya mUlaguNasambandhI jo prazna uThAyA jAtA hai usakA samAdhAna yahA~ sambhava hai| jaba samantabhadrane zrAvakAcArakA praNayana naye rUpameM kiyA, to unhoMne bahuta-so aisI bAtoMko bhI isa granyameM sthAna diyA, jo pahalese pracalita nahIM thiiN| hamArA to dar3ha mata hai ki tRyoya madhyAyakI yaha 66 vIM kArikA prakSipta hai| pIcheke kisI vidvAnne pratilipi karate samaya ahiMsANuvratake vizuddhayartha isa kArikAko jor3a diyA hai| yahA~se ise haTA denepara bhI granthake varNya viSayameM kisIprakArakI kamI nahIM aatii| yaha kArikA eka prakArase viSayakA punaruktIkaraNa hI karatI hai / madya, mAMsa, ma. 1. mAratIya saMskRtimeM janadharmakA yogavAma, pR0 113 / 192 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bArArya-paramparA

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ke tyAga tathA paMcANuvratoMke pAlanako aSTamUlaguNa kahA gayA hai| ahiMsANuvratake lakSaNa kApUra mana-dhamakAya, mA, kArita, anumodanArUpa vyApArase dvIndriyAdi prANiyoMkA ghAta na karanA ahiMsANuvata hai| isa paribhASAke antargata madya, mAMsa, madhukA tyAga svayameva samAviSTa ho jAtA hai| paMcANuktoMko carcA to spaSTarUpase punarukta hai hii| ataeva varNya viSayakI dRSTise isa padyako koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| ___ yadi AcArya samantabhadrako aSTamUlaguNoMkA nirdeza karanA abhISTa hotA, to ve isa padyako ahiMsANuvratake lakSaNake Asa-pAsa nibaddha karate / ahiMsAdi batoMkA pAlana karanevAle vyaktiyoMke nAmollekhake pazcAt isa kArikAkA saMyojana anupayogI jaisA pratIta hotA hai / yadi yaha tarka diyA jAya ki aNuvratoMkA varNana karaneke pazcAt mUlaguNoMkA nirdeza Avazyaka thA, to yaha tarka bhI bahuta sabala nahIM hai / aNuvrata aura guNavatoMke bIca isa padyakA sthAna nahIM honA cAhie / ataeva hamArI dRSTise yaha padya prakSipta hai| ___ aneka AcAryoMne batAyA hai ki koI nadI aura samudrake snAnako dharma samajhatA hai, koI bhiTI aura pattharake stupAkAra Dhera banAkara dhamakI itizrI mAnatA hai| koI pahAr3ase kUdakara prANAnta kara lene athavA agnimeM zarIrako jalA denemeM hI kalyAma mAnatA hai / ye saba bAteM lokamUr3hatA hai "ApagA-sAgara-snAnamuccayaH sikatA'zmanAm / giripAto'gnipAtazca lokamUDhaM nigadyate / / " uparyukta padyameM gatAnugatika rUpase anusaraNa kiye jAnevAle mUDhatApUrNa dRSTikoNoMkA vivecana kiyA hai aura (1) ApagAsAgarasnAna, (2) sikatAszmanAmuccayaH, (3) giripAta, (4) agnipAtako lokamUr3hatA kahA hai / bhAratIya saMskRtika vikAsakramakA vicAra karanese avagata hotA hai ki ukta ye cAroM prathAe~ I. sanke pUrva atyadhika rUpameM pracalita thIM / uttarakAlameM ina prathAoMmeMse eka-doko chor3akara zeSa sabhIkA lopa ho gayA | RgvedakAlameM jIvana tathA jIvanabhogoMke prati AsaktikI pravRtti dartamAna thI / ataH isa yugameM saMnyAsa aura AtmabalakA nirdeza nahIM miltaa| pro0 hilaneTane dokSAvidhimeM prayukta honevAle 1. samIcIna dharmazAstra, prathama adhyAya, kArikA 22 / 3. Hillbrandt suggests that Diksha ceremony is in reality a fadad form of the older practice of suicide by fire.-Suicide-Encyclooidea of Religion and Ethics Vol. XII, Page 33-36,(1921) zrutaghara aura mArasvatAcArya : 193

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agnipAtase agnipAta dvArA AtmabalikA anumAna kiyA hai| zatapathabrAhmaNa meM batAyA gayA hai ki pUruSame n sarvameghayatnameM samasta sampattikA tyAga kara sAdhaka mRtyukA baraNa karane ke lie bana jAtA hai| parivrAjakakI kriyAoMkA vivecana karate hae jAbAlopaniSadma vibhiSa rUpoMmeM kiye jAnevAle AtmaghAtoMko dhArmika rUpa diyA gayA hai 'vIrAdhvAne vA anAzake vA apAM praveze vA agnipraveze bA mahAprasthAne vaa'|' spaSTa hai ki agnipAta, jalapAta aura anazanavatadvArA AtmahatyA karanA dhArmika vidhAnameM zAmila kiyA gayA hai| hindI vizvakoSameM AtmaghAtoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki vaidha, avaidha, jJAnakRta aura ajJAnakRta meM cAra bheda AtmaghAtake haiN| manu evaM vRddhagagana likhA hai ki jaba manuSya atyanta vRddha ho jAye aura cikitsA karAnepara bhI ArogyakI sambhAvanA na ho, to zaucAdi kriyAoMke lupta honekI AzaMkA utpanna honese, ucca sthAnase girakara, agnimeM kUdakara, anazanase rahakara yA jalameM DUbakara prANa chor3a denA caahie| isa prakAra prANa chor3anepara trirAtrakA azIca mAnA jAtA hai| uparyukta sandarbhAzase spaSTa hai ki samantabhadra dvArA vivecita loka-mUr3hatAeM brAhmaNa aura upaniSada kAlameM pracalita thiiN| dharmazAstroMke azIca prakaraNameM ina mAnyatAoMkA samAveza pAyA jAtA hai| ApagAsAgarasnAna' kI sAMskRtika vyAkhyA meM praveza karane para jJAta hotA hai ki mohanajodar3oMke prApta bhagnavazeSoMmeM upalabdha hae snAnAgAroMse har3appAke sAMskRtika jIvanameM jalakI mahattAkA paricaya milatA hai| vidvAnoMne batAyA hai ki isakA AryoMke sAMskRtika jIvana para gaharA prabhAva hai / sarovaroM, nadiyoM aura samudroMke jalameM snAna karaneko prathA tathA saryodayake pUrva aura bhojanake pUrva snAna karanekI vidhipara dhArmika mohara isa bAtakA pramANa hai ki sindhu ghATIko sabhyatAmeM bhI snAnako sAMskRtika mahattva prApta thaa| AryoMke jIvana meM nadiyoMkA nitya cahatA haA nirmala jala hI unake lie svargakI pavitratA evaM pAcanatAkA paricAyaka thaa| sindhu, vitastA, candrabhAgA, irAvatI, vipAsA, zattadru, yamunA, gaMgA evaM brahmaputra Adi nadiyoMne dhArmika preraNAke kAraNa hI 1. nirNayasAgara presa, bambaIse san 1925 meM prakAzita IzAyaSTottarazatopaniSayaH, pR0 131 / 2. hindI vizvakoza, dvitIya bhAga, AtmaghAtazabda / 3. Indus civilization by M wheeler. Page 282-284 . 194 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bAcArya-paramparA

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AryoMke jIvanako urvara banAyA thaa| ataeva nadiyoM meM snAna karanekI pavitra bhAvanAke sAtha unameM DUbakara AtmaghAta karanekI prathA bhI dharmake nAmapara brAhmaNakAlameM pracalita thI / jalamAzrameM snAna karanA yA asamartha avasthAmeM DUbakara prANaghAta karanA dhArmikatAkA cihna thA / I0 pUrva dvitIya tRtIya zatAbdIse lekara I0 san prathama- dvitIya zatAbdI taka isa prathAkA bahuta pracAra rahA hai / jaba saMnyAsavidhi pUrNatayA vikasita ho gayI, aura Atmazodhana ke lie dhyAna, saMyamakA mUlya bar3ha gayA, to uka prathAkA zanaiH-zanaiH hrAsa hone lagA / svAmI samantabhadrake samayameM isa prathAkA jora-zora ke sAtha pracAra thA / ataH unhoMne apane isa grantha meM isakI samIkSA kI hai / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki lokamUr3hatAoM kA rUpa samayAnusAra badalatA rahatA hai / dharmake nAmapara stUpa nirmANako prathAkA Arambha bauddhakAlase huA hai buddhake asthi-avazeSako stUpake bhItara rakhA jAtA thA aura ina stUpoMkI dhArmika preraNA prApta karaneke lie pUjA kI jAtI thI / samrAT azokane tathA usake uttaracattIM samrAT sampratine stupa aura abhilekhoMkA Arambha dhArmika smRtike sAtha dharma-preraNAke lie karAyA / azoka samprati sUpa aura lekha isa prakAra mizrita ho gaye haiM ki unakA pRthakkaraNa sahaja sambhava nahIM hai / isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki dharma aura sadAcArake sAmAnya niyama ina donoM samrAToM ko samAnarUpase hI abhipreta the / ye stUpa Thosa gumbadake AkArake hote the aura inake Upara chatra bhI banAye jAte the| azoka nirmita stUpoM meM sAMcIkA stUpa atyanta prasiddha hai / kuzANakAlake pUrva buddhako upAsanA ina smAraka cilloMmeM prayukta pratIka rUpoM meM hI hotI thI / chatra, pAMva, puSpa, candra yA cakrake pratIkoM meM ho buddhakI smRti antarnihita thI / mahAyAna sampradAya ke AvirbhAvake pazcAt buddha pratimAoM ke nirmANakI prathAkA Arambha huA / jaba stUpanirmANakA mahattva janasAdhAraNa meM pracalita huA, to stUpoMke pratiniSisvarUpa 'sikatAzmanAmuccayaH kA pracAra huaa| bAlU yA kaMkar3oMkA stUpAkAra Dhera lagAkara devakI upAsanA hone lagI / yaha prathA kuSANakAla ke pUrva taka pracalita raho / samantabhadrake samaya meM isakA bAhulya thA / ataeva unhoMne apane isa grantha meM isa prathAkI ora saMketa kiyA hai / kuSANakAlake pazcAt kucha hI zatAbdiyoM meM mUrtikalAkA vikAsa honese ukta mAnyatA kSINa ho gayI | battaeva ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAca / rameM 'sikatAramanAmucnayaH kA jo prayoga AyA hai, vaha usako prAcInatAkA sUcaka hai / giripAtaprathAkA nirdeza samantabhadrane kiyA hai| sAMskRtikadRSTise isa zravara zrIra sArasvatAcArya 195

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prathAkA vikAsa aura prasAra I0 san pUrvako zatAbdiyoMse I0 sankI prArambhika zatAbdiyoM taka hI prApta hotA hai| yoga-kriyAoMko sampAdita karane meM asamartha vyakti giripAtadvArA muktilAbha karatA yaa| ataeva prAcIna dharmazAstrake lekhakoMne isa prathAkI samIkSA kI hai| haribhadrakI 'samarAicakahA'ke dvitIya bhavameM bhI yaha prathA ullikhita hai / ataH samantabhadrane lokamur3hatAkA jo varNana kiyA hai vaha unakI prAcInatAkA sUcaka hai| samantabhadrane prathama adhyAyako caubIsavIM kArikAmeM 'pASaNDi-mUDhatA'ko samIkSA kI hai| yaha 'pASaNDI' zabda vicAraNIya hai| dharmake artha meM isakA prayoga prAcIna sAhityameM hI upalabdha hotA hai / azokake abhilekhoMke sAtha AcArya kundakundake samayasArameM bhI isa zabdakA prayoga AyA hai / kundakundane likhA hai "pAkhaMDoliMgANi ca gihiliMgANi va bahuppayArANi / citta vadaMti maDhA liMgamiNaM mokkhamaggo ti||' "Na vi esa mokkhamaggo pAkhaMDogihimayANi liMgANi" azokane bhI girinArake chaThe abhilekhameM 'pASaNDi'zabdakA prayoga dharma yA sampradAyake artha meM kiyA hai / likhA hai-'sava-pAsaMDApi me pUjita vividhAya pUjAya' isase spaSTa hai ki 'pASaMDa-gUDhatA'kA nirUpaNa samantabhadrako prAcInatAkA dyotaka hai| prArambhameM 'pASaMDI' zabda pavitratAke artha meM pracalita thA, para zana:zanai: isa zabdakA artha apakarSita hone lagA aura yaha ADambarapUrNa jIvana dhyatIta karaneke artha meM pracalita huaa| jahA~ taka hamArA adhyayana hai pAMcavoM, chaThI zatAbdIke kisI bhI sAhitya meM pASaMDIkA prayoga dharmake arthameM nahIM AyA hai| ataH samantabhadrake samayapara to isase prakAza par3atA hI hai, sAtha hI ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArako prAcInatApara bhI prakAza par3atA hai| eka anya vicAraNIya viSaya yaha bhI hai ki mUr3hatAoMkI samIkSA dhammapada, mahAbhArata Adi prAcIna granyoMmeM upalabdha hotI hai| dharmazAstrake nirmAtAoMne mUr3hatAboMkI samIkSA I. sana pUrvase hI Arambha kara dI thI / ataH samantabhadrako ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArameM ina mar3hatAoM kI samIkSAke liye dhammapadAdi granthoMse bhI preraNA prApta huI ho, to koI Azcarya nahIM hai| samantabhadrane inakI samIkSA 1. samayasAra, gApA 408 / 2. vahI, gAthA 410 / 196 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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usI zailI meM kI hai jo zailI 'dhammapada' meM milatI hai / ataH mUr3hatAoMke vivecanasandarbhase ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra ke karttA prAcIna samantabhadra ho siddha hote hai / 'dhammapada' meM batAyA hai "na naggacariyA na jaTA na paMkA nAnAsakA thaNDilasAyikA vA / rajovajallaM ukakuTikappadhAnaM sodhenti maccaM avitiSNa kakhaM // " arthAt jisa puruSakA sandeha samApta nahIM huA hai usakI zuddhi na naMge rahane se, na jaTAse, na kIcar3a lapeTanese, na upavAsa karanese, na kaThina bhUmi para zayana karanese, na dhUla lapeTane se aura na ukar3a baiThane se hotI hai| loka - mUr3hatAeM vikasita hokara pAMcavIM chaThI zatAbdI ke sAhitya meM ADambarapUrNa jIvanake vizleSaNa ke rUpameM AyI haiM / apabhraMza sAhitya meM ina loka-mUr3hatAoMkA rUpa bAhyADambara yA bAhya vezake rUpameM upasthita hai / ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcArakI prAcInatAkA eka sabala pramANa yaha bhI hai ki isa granthake kaI padya manusmRtike vartamAna saMskaraNameM pAye jAte haiM / manusmRtikA vartamAna saMskaraNa I0 satkI dUsarI-tIsarI zatokA hai| yadyapi yaha saMskaraNa mI kisI prAcIna manusmRti ke AdhAra para prastuta kiyA gayA hai, to bhI isameM dvitIya aura tRtIya zatIko aneka racanAoM ke padya, vAkyAMza aura padAMza upalabdha haiN| manusmRti saMgrahamanya hai, isakA pramANa manusmRtimeM bhRgu dvArA 'proka vaktavyoM kA padyarUpameM nibaddha karanA hai| zrI pANDuraMga vAmana kANene isakA saMkalanaphAla dUsaro zatAbdI mAnA hai / tulanAke lie padya prastuta kiye jAte haiM samyagdarzanasampannamapi mAtaGgadehajama | devA devaM vidurbhasmagUDhAMgA rAntaraujasam / / X X X samyagdarzanazuddhaH saMsArazarI ra bhoga nirviNNaH / paJcagurucaraNazaraNo darzanikastatvapathagRhyaH * // 4 X X x x X 1. sammapada, sampAdaka - mikSudharmarakSita, banArasa 1953, gAthA 141 | 2. hisTrI oNpha dharmazAstra pR0 138, 149, 156 / 3. ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra, prathama pariccheda, zloka 28 / 4. var3I, pacama pariccheda, zloka 16 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 197

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samyagdarzanasampannaH karmabhirna nibaddhyate / darzanena vihInastu saMsAraM pratipadyate' || idamevedazameva tattvaM nAnyanna cAnyathA / ityakampAyasAmbhovatsanmArga'saMzayA ruciH // idaM zaraNamajJAnamidameva vijAnatAm / idamanvicchatAMsvargamidamAnantyamicchatAm / / ataeva viSayako prAcInatAkI dRSTise ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcArake kartA prAcIna samantabhadra hI haiN| manusmRti aura ratnakaraNDakadhAvakAcArake prakaraNoMke adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai ki ratnakaraNDase hI ukta padya manusmRtimeM saMgrahIta haiN| padyoMmeM thor3A-sA parivartana kiyA gayA hai / jIvasiddhi, tattvAnuzAsana, prAkRtavyAkaraNa, pramANapadArtha, karmaprabhRtaTIkA aura gandhahastimahAbhASya ye racanAeM upalabdha nahIM hai| ata: inake mAnandha nitenana karanA samAna nahIM ! ina vajanAoMke kevala nirdeza hI jahAMtahA~ milate haiM / ataeva aba hama AcArya samantabhadrako kAvya-pratimA evaM veduSyapara prakAza DAlanA Avazyaka samajhate haiN| pratibhA evaM caibuSya __samantabhadra atyanta pratibhAzAlI aura svasamaya, parasamayake jJAtA sArasvata haiN| inhoMne ekAntavAdiyoMkA nirasana kara anekAntavAdakI pratiSThA dArzanika zailomeM kI hai / bhAva aura abhAvarUpa virodhI yugaladharmoko lekara saptabhaMgAtmaka vastuko siddha kiyA hai| kriyAbheda, kArakabheda, puNya-pAparUpa karmadveta, sukha-dukharUpa phaladaita, ihaloka-paralokarUpa lokadvaita, vidyA-avidyArUpa jJAnadveta aura bandha-mokSarUpa jIvakI zuddhAzuddha avasthAoMkA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| bauddha, naiyAyika, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, vedAnta Adi darzanoMkI mUla mAnyatAoMkA adhyayana kara unakI yathArtha samIkSA samantabhadrane kI hai| hama yahA~ udAharaNake lie vaizeSikoMke paramANuvAdako lete haiN| vaizeSikoMmeM koI paramANuoMmeM pAka-agni 1. manusmRti, 6 adhyAya, zloka 74-caukhambA saMskaraNa / 2. ratnakaraNDakathAvakAcAra, prathama pariccheda, kloka 11 / 3. manu0, 6 adhyAya, zloka 84 / / 4, ma. daravArIlAla koThiyA : AptamImAMsA, vIra sevAmandira dRsTa, san 1967, prastAvanA pR0 9-10 / 198 : tIrthakara, mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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saMyoga hokara dvayaNukAdi avayavomeM kramazaH pAka mAnate haiM aura koI paramANuoMmeM kisI bhI prakArako vikRti na honese unameM pAka - agnisaMyoga na mAna kara keva dvyaNukAdimeM eka svIkAra karate haiM / jo paramANuoM meM pAka nahIM mAnate unakA kahanA hai ki paramANu nitya hai aura isalie ve dvadyaNukAdi sabhI avasthAoM meM ekarUpa bane rahate haiN| unameM kisI bhI prakArako anyatA nahIM hotI, apitu sarvadA ananyatA vidyamAna rahatI hai| isI mAnyatAko AcArya samantabhane 'aNuoM kA ananyataikAnta' kahA hai| isa mAnyatA meM doSadghATana karate hue batAyA hai ki yadi aNu dvyaNukAdi saMghAttadazAmeM bhI usI prakArake bane rahate haiM, jisa prakAra ve vibhAgake samaya haiM, to ve asaMta hI raheMge aura isa avasthA meM avayavarUpa pRthvI Adi cAroM bhUta bhrAnta ho jAyeMge, jisase avayavI - rUpa kArya bhI bhrAnta siddha hogA / isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke ananyataikAntakI samIkSA kara anekAntavAdako pratiSThA kI hai / samantabhadrakI kArikAoMke avalokanase unakA vibhinna darzanoMkA pANDitya abhivyakta hotA hai / pramANa, mAyakala pramANakA viSa samantabhadrane bahuta ho sUkSmatAle kiyA hai| inhoMne sad-asadvAdakI taraha dvaitaadvaitavAda, zAzvata azAzvatavAda, vaktavya-avaktavyavAda, anyatA- ananyatAvAda, apekSA anapekSAvAda hetu ahetuvAda, vijJAna-bahirarthavAda, deva-puruSArthavAda, pApa-puNyavAda aura bandha-mokSakAraNavAdakA vivecana kiyA hai| DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyAne samantabhadra ke upAdAnoMkA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai ki unhoMne jainadarzanako nimnalikhita siddhAnta pradAna kiye haiM 1 1. pramANakA svaparAbhAsalakSaNa 2. pramANake kramabhAvi aura akramabhAvi bhedoMkI parikalpanA 2. pramANake sAkSAt aura paramparA phaloMkA nirUpaNa 4. pramANakA viSaya 5. nayakA svarUpa 6. hetukA svarUpa 7. syAdvAdakA svarUpa 8. vAcyakA svarUpa 9. vAcakakA svarUpa 10. abhAvakA vastudharmanirUpaNa evaM bhAvAntarakathana 11. tattvakA anekAntarUpa pratipAdana 1. bAtamImAMsA, vIrasevA mandira TrasTa, san 1967, prastAvanA, pU0 45-46 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArthaM 199

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12. anekAnsakA svarUpa 13. anekAntameM bhI anekAntakI yojanA 14. jainadarzanameM avastukA svarUpa 15. syAt nipAtakA svarUpa 16. anumAnase sarvajJakI siddhi 17. yuktiyoM se syAdvAdakI vyavasthA 18. yasakA tArkika svarUpa 19. vastu dravya- prameyakA svarUpa kAvya camatkArako dRSTise bhI samantabhadra apane kSetra meM advitIya haiM / inhoMne citra aura zleSa kAvyakA prArambha kara bhAravi aura mAghake liye kAvya kSetrakA vikAsa kiyA hai / kavi samantabhadrane apane stotra-kAvyoM meM zabda aura artha ina donoMkI gambhIratAkA apUrva samanvaya banAye rakhanekI saphala ceSTA kI hai / zabdasaMghati, alaMkAra-vaicitrya, kalpanAsampatti evaM tArkika pratibhAkA samavAya ekatra prApya hai / prabandhakAvya na likhane para bhI katipaya padyoMmeM praur3ha prabandhAhamakatA pAyI jAtI hai / itivRttAtmaka dhArmika tathyoMkA samAveza bhI kAvyazailI meM manoramarUpameM huA hai / kavipratibhA aura dArzanikatAkA maNikAMcana saMyoga zlAghya hai / utprekSAdvArA ArAdhya padmaprabhakA citraNa karatA huA kavi kahatA hai " zarIra - razmi - prasaraH prabhoste bAlArka - razmicchavi rA''lilepa / narA'marA''koNa sabhAM prabhA vA zailasya padmAbhamaNeH svasAnum // ' arthAt he prabho ! prAtaHkAlIna sUryakiraNoMko chavike samAna raktavarNakI AbhAvAle Apake zarIrakI kiraNoMke vistArane manuSya aura devatAoMse bharI huI samavazaraNa sabhAko isa prakAra Alipta kiyA hai, jaise padmakAntamaNi parvatakI prabhA apane pArzvabhAgako Alipta karatI hai| isa padyameM padmaprabha tIrthaMkarakI raktavarNa kAnti dvArA samavazaraNa sabhA ke vyApta kiye jAnekI utprekSA padyakAntamaNike parvatako prabhAse kI gayI hai / kavi samantabhadra upamA alaMkArake vyavahArameM bhI paTu haiN| unhoMne bhagavAn AdinAthako ajJAnAndhakArakA vinAza karane ke lie candramAkA upamAna pradAna kiyA hai| kucha padyoMmeM prayukta upamAna navIna pratIta hote haiM / yathA 1. svambhustotra 603 / 2. 'vidhunvatA tamaH kSapAkareNeva guNotkaraiH karaiH / svambhU stotra 11 / 200 tokara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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"yena praNItaM pRthu dharma-tIthaM jyeSThaM janAH prApya janti duHkham / gAGga hRdaM candana-para-zotaM gaja-pravekA iva gharmataptAH / / "5 jinhoMne usa mahAn aura jyeSTha dharmatIrthakA praNayana kiyA hai, jisakA Azraya pAkara bhavyajana duHkha-santApapara usI prakAra vijaya prApta karate haiM, jisa prakAra grISmakAlIna sUryake santApase santapta hue bar3e-bar3e hAtho candanalepake samAna zotala gaGgAko prApta kara sUryake AtApajanya duHkhako miTA DAlate haiM / yahA~ gaMgAjalakA upamAna candanalepa hai aura dharmatIrthakA upamAna gaMgAjala hai| janakA upamAna gaja hai| isa prakAra isa padyameM saMsAra-AtApako zAntike lie dharmatIrthakA sAmarthya vibhinna upamAnoM dvArA dikhalAyA gayA hai / candraprabhajinakI stuti karate hue unako saMsArakA advitIya candramA kahA hai tathA upamA dvArA ArAdhyakI rUpAkRtikA manorama citra aMkita kiyA hai candraprabha candra-marIci-gaura candra dvitIyaM jagatova kAntam / vande'bhivandA gahatAmRSIndraM jinaM jita-svAnta-kaSAya-bandhama // 2 candrakiraNake samAna gauravaNase yukta candraprabhajina jagatmeM dvitIya candramAke samAna dIptimAna haiM, jinhoMne apane antaHkaraNake kaSAyabandhanako jIta akapAyapada prApta kiyA hai aura jo RddhidhArI muniyoMke svAmI tathA mahAtmAoM dvArA vandanIya haiN| isa padyameM 'candramarIcigaura' upamAna hai, isa upamAna dvArA candraprabhatIrthakarake gauravarNa zarIrakI AkRtikA sundara aMkana kiyA hai| candraprabhajinake pravacanako siMhakA rUpaka aura ekAntavAdiyoMko madonmatta gajakA rUpaka dekara kavine ArAdhyake upadezakI mahattA pradarzita kI hai| isa prasaMgameM rUpaka-alaMkArako yojanA bahuta hI sarkasaMgata hai / yathA "sva-pakSa-sosthitya-madA'valiptA vAsiMha-nAvimadA vabhUvuH / pravAdino yasya madAgaNDA gajA yathA kesariNo ninAdaiH / / "3 jinake pravacanarUpa siMhanAdoMko sunakara apane matako susthitikA ghamaNDa rakhanevAle pravAdijana usI prakAra nirmada hue haiM, jisa prakAra mada jharate hue unmatta hAthI kesarI--siMhakI garjanAko sunakara nirmada ho jAte haiM / 1. svayambhUstotra, 204 / 2. svambhUstotra, 81 / 3. vahI, 813 / puptaSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 201

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candana, candrakiraNa, gaMgAjala aura muktAoMko hArayaSTikI zItalatAkA niSedha kara zItalanAtha tIrthakarake vacanoMko AcArya samantabhadrane zItala siddha kiyA hai| prastuta sandarbhamai vyatireka-alaMkAra dvArA upameyameM guNAdhikyakA Aropa kara upamAnoMmeM nyUna guNakA samAveza kiyA hai| zItalanAtha tIrthakarake sadguNoMkA utkarSa yahA~ prastuta kiyA gayA hai / guNatva ho utkarSApakarSakA AdhAra hai| ata: tIrthakarakI amRtavANIko zItalatAkA carama sAdhana mAnakara upamAnoMke sAdhAraNa dharmase Adhikya dikhalAyA gayA hai / vANImeM zItalatA aura mAdhuryake sAtha amRtatva bhI hai, jisase vaha candana, candrakiraNa Adiko apekSA adhika zotalatA pradAna karanekI kSamatA rakhatI hai / yayA "na zItalAzcandanacandra razmayo na gAGgamambho na ca hArayaSTyaH / yathA muneste'nadha! vAkya-razmayaH zamAmbugarbhAH zizirA vipazcitAm // ' he anagha ! niravadya nirdoSa zrIzItalajina ! Apa jaise pratyakSajJAnI munikI prazamajalase bAplAvita vAkyarazmiyAM saMsAra-tApako dUra karane ke hetu utanI zItala haiM, jitanI na to candrakiraNa zItala hai, na candana hai, na gaGgAjala zItala hai aura na motiyoMko hArASTra hii| tAtparya yaha hai ki zItalajinakI amRtavANI candana, candrakiraNa, gaGgAjala aura muktAhArayaSTise adhika zItala aura sukhaprada hai| ___ kavitAkA viSaya hRdayako anubhUti hai| anubhUtikI avasthAmeM samasta snAyumaNDala tadanukUla rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai aura saccarita vAkyAlima apUrva pravAha utpanna ho jAtA hai| anubhUtike samayameM hRdayakI pradhAnataH do avasthAeM hotI haiM / ye avasthAeM haiM-1. ullAsa aura 2. vihvalatA / kavi jaba ullasita hotA hai, to vaha gAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki stotroMke samaya meM kavikI tanmayatA caramasImAko pahu~ca jAtI hai| bArAdhyake caraNoMmeM vItarAgatAkI prAptike lie kavi apaneko samarpita kara detA hai| bhAva jahA~ usake hRdayako ullasita aura udvelita karate haiM, vahAM ramaNIya vAkyAvalike zabda usake hRdayako camatkArase bhara dete haiN| citrakAvyameM hRdayakI bhAvAvasthA utanI dravita nahIM hotI, jitanI camaskArako yojanA honese kautUhala / ataeva saMskRtakAvyameM sarvaprathama citra, zleSa aura yamakakA prAdurbhAva haa| bhAvAvasthA meM sthAyitva nahIM rahatA hai, yataH bhAva kSaNabharameM utpanna aura vilIna hote rahate haiM, para camatkRta dazA adhika 1. svayambhUstotra, 101 / 202 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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samaya taka vidyamAna rahatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaidika RSiyoMne bhI vaidika mantroMke prayogameM zabda ramaNIyatAko sthAna diyA hai / upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka prabhRti alaMkAroMke sAtha zleSa aura yamaka bho upalabdha haiM / svAmI samantabhadrane stutividyA meM hRdayako bhAvAvasthAko adhika kSaNoMtaka banAye rakhane ke lie zabdoMko ramyakoDAko sthAna diyA hai| isake binA hRdayameM kotuhalako sthiti prabala veMgake sAtha jAgRta nahIM kI jA sakatI hai / savedanAoMko zabdoMkI ramyatAke garbhase prasphuTitakara kautUhala sthiti taka pahu~cA denA hai / AcArya samantabhadra ke citrabandha kevala zAbdI ramaNIyatAkA ho sRjana nahIM karate haiM, apitu inameM vakroki ora svabhAvoktiyoMkA camatkAra bhI nihita hai / 'takAra' vyaJjana dvArA nimnalikhita padyakA gumphana kiyA hai / zloka ke prathamapAdameM jo akSara hai, ve hI saba agale pAdoMmeM yatra-tatra vyavasthita haiM / sAdhyarUpameM yahA~ zAbdI krIDA nahIM hai, apitu sAdhanake rUpameM hai, jisase zabdacamatkAra 'paricchitti kI yojanA dvArA nirmita huA hai / tatotittA tu tetItastotRtotI tito tRtaH / tato'vAsitottote tatatA te tatotataH // he bhagavan ! Apane jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoMko naSTa kara kevalajJAnAdi vizeSaguNoMko prApta kiyA hai, tathA Apa parigraharahita svatantra hai / ataH Apa pUjya aura surakSita hai / Apane jJAnAvaraNAdi karmo ke vistRta - anAdikAlika sambandhako naSTa kara diyA hai | ataH Apako vizAlatA - prabhutA spaSTa hai - Apa tonoM lokoMke svAmI hai / eka-eka vyaMjanake akSarakramase pratyeka pAdakA grathana kara citrAlakArakI yojanA dvArA bhAvAbhivyakti kI gayI hai / yahA~ zabdacamatkAra ke sAtha arthacamatkAra bhI prApya hai- yeAyAyAyA nAnAnanAnanAnana / mamamamamamAmA mitAtatItitatotitaH // he bhagavan! ApakA mokSamArga unhIM jIvoMko prApta ho sakatA hai, jo ki puNyabandhake sammukha haiM athavA jinhoMne puNyabandha kara liyA hai| samavazaraNa meM Apake cAra mukha dikhalAI par3ate haiM / Apa kevalajJAnase yukta haiM tathA mamatA 1. stutividyA, padma 13 2. stutividyA, padma 14 / zrutaghara aura mArasvatAcArya : 203

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bhAvase-mohapariNAmoMse rahita hai, to bhI Apa sAMsArika bar3I-bar3I vyAdhiyoMko naSTa kara dete haiM / he prabho ! mere bhI janma-maraNarUpa rogako naSTa kara dojie| candraprabha aura zItalajina stuti karate hue mujaMbandhoMkI yojanAmeM vyatireka aura zleSa alaMkArako divya AbhAkA mizraNa upalabdha hotA hai "prakAzayana samudbhutastvamuddhAkalAlayaH / vikAsayan samudbhUtaH kumudaM kamalApriyaH / he prabho! Apa candrarUpa haiM, kyoMki jisa prakAra candramA udaya hote hI AkAzako prakAzita karatA hai, uso taraha Apa bhI samasta lokAkAza aura alokAkAzako prakAzita karate haiM / candramA jisa prakAra mRgalAMchanase yukta hai, usI prakAra Apa bho manohara arddhacandrase yukta haiM / candramA jisa prakAra solaha kalAoMkA Alaya-gRha hotA hai, usI taraha Apa bhI kevalajJAnAdi aneka kalAoMke Alaya-sthAna haiM / candramA jisa taraha kumudoM-nIlakumudoMko vikasita karatA huA udita hotA hai. usI taraha Apa bhI pathvIke samasta prANiyoMko Anandita karate haiN| candramA jisa prakAra kamalApriya-kamalaza hotA hai, usI prakAra Apa bhI kamalApriya kevalajJAnAdi lakSmoke priya haiN| zleSake samAna ho uparyukta padyameM vyatireka alaMkAra bhI hai / isa alaMkArake prakAzameM candramAkI apekSA sodhakara candraprabhakI mahattA pradarzita kI gayI hai / candraprabhameM guNoMkA utkarSa aura candramAmeM apakarSa dikhalAyA gayA hai| zreyojinakI stuti meM 'arddhabhrama'kA prayoga kiyA hai| isameM auSThya bokA abhAva hai, aura caturtha pAdake samasta akSaroMko anya tIna pAdoMmeM samAhita kiyA hai "haratIjyAhitA tAnti rakSArthAyasya neditaa| tIrthAdazreyase netAjyAyaH zreyasyayasya hi|| kucha aise bhI paJca haiM, jinheM kramake sAtha viparIta kramase bhI par3hA jA sakatA hai, aura viparIta kramase par3anepara bhinnArthaka padya hI bana jAtA hai| kavine svayaM hI anuloma-pratilomakramase zlokoMkA praNayana kiyA hai / yayA "rakSamAkSara vAmeza zamI cArurucAnutaH / bho vibhonazanAjokhnana bijarAmayaH / / 1. stuti vidyA, paca 31 / 2. mahI, paca 43 / 3. vahI, padya 86 / 204 : tocakara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya-paramparA

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isI padyako pratilomakramase par3hanepara nimnalikhita padya nirmita hotA hai / " yamarAja vinamrena rujonAzana bho vibho / cArurucAmIza zamevArakSa mAkSara' || tanu zabda aura artha camatkAra ke sAtha nAdAnukRti bhI kalpanA dvArA ArAdhya kI zarIrAkRtike sAtha guNoMkA huA hai| vidyamAna hai| vidhAyaka samavAya bhI abhivyakta isa prakAra AcArya samantabhadrane jainanyAthako tArkikarUpa pradAna karaneke sAtha saMskRtakAvyako nimnalikhita tattva pradAna kiye haiM 1. citrAlaMkArakA prArambha 2. zleSa aura yamakoM dvArA kAvyazailIkA udAttIkaraNa 3. zatakakAvyakA sUtrapAta 4. stavanoM meM bAhya citraNakI apekSA antaraMga guNoM evaM anekAntAtmaka siddhAntoMkI bahulatA 5. darzana aura kAvyabhAvanAkA maNikAMcanasaMyoga AcArya samantabhadrake ukta kAvyatattvoMkA saMskRta kAvyatatvoMpara pUrNa prabhAva par3A hai| jaba saMskRttakAvyavA praNayana madhyadezase sthAnAntarita ho gujarAta, kazmIra aura dakSiNabhAratameM praviSTa huA, to samantabhadrake kAvyasiddhAnta sarvatra pracalita ho gaye / bhAravimeM ekAeka citra aura zleSakA prAdurbhAva nahIM huA hai, apitu samantabhadrake kAvya siddhAntoMkA unapara prabhAva hai / malAbAra nivAsI vAsudeva kavine yamaka aura zleSa sambandhI jina prasiddha kAvyoMkI racanA kI hai, unake lie ve zailI ke kSetrama samantabhadra ke RNI haiM / kavi kuJjara dvArA likhita rAghavapANDavIya para bhI samantabhadrakI zailokA prabhAva hai / ataH saMkSepameM darzana, AcAra, tarka, nyAya Adi kSetroMma prastuta kiye gaye granthoMkI dRSTise samantabhadra aise sArasvatAcArya hai, jinhoMne kundakundAdi AcAryoMke vacanoMko grahaNa kara, sarvajJakA vANIko eka naye rUpameM prastuta kiyA hai / AcArya siddhasena kavi aura dArzanika ke rUpa meM siddhasena prasiddha hai / zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAeM inheM apanA-apanA AcArya mAnatI haiN| AcArya jinasenane apane AdipurANa meM siddhasenako kavi aura vAdigajakesaro donoM kahA hai1. stuti vidyA, padya 87 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 205

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kavayaH siddhasenAdyA vayaM ca kavayo matAH / maNaya: padmarAgAcA nanu kAco'pi mecakaH / pravAdikariyUpAnAM kesarI nayakesaraH | siddhasenakavirjIyAdvikalpanakharAGkaraH // ' pUrvakAlameM siddhasena Adi aneka kavi ho gaye haiM aura meM bhI kavi huuN| para donoMmeM utanA hI antara hai, jitanA ki pArAgarmANa aura kAMcarmANameM hotA hai| ve siddhasena kavi jayavanta hoM, jo pravAdirUpI hAthiyoMke jhuNDake lie siMhake samAna haiN| negamAdi naya ho jinake kezara-ayAla tathA asti-nAsti Adi vikalpa hI jinake tIkSNa nAkhUna the| ___ AcArya hemacandrane apane zabdAnuzAsanameM "uskRSTenUpena" (raa2|39) sUtrake udAharaNameM 'anusiddhasenaM kavayaH' dvArA siddhasenako sabase bar3A kavi batAyA hai| jainendra vyAkaraNake 'upena' (11416) sUtrako vRttimeM abhayanandine 'upasiddhasenaM vaiyAkaraNAH' udAharaNa dvArA siddhasenako zreSTha vyAkaraNa batalAyA hai| jinasena prathamane apane 'harivaMzapurANa meM siddhasenakI sUktiyoM (vacanoM) ko tIrthaMkara RSabhadevakI sUktiyoMke samAna sArayukta evaM mahattvapUrNa batalAyA hai / yathA jagatprasiddhaboSasya vRSabhasyeva nistuSAH / bodhanti satAM buddhi siddhasenasya sUktayaH / / arthAt jinakA zreSTha jJAna saMsArameM sarvatra prasiddha hai aise zrI siddhasenakI nirmala sUktiyA~ zrIRSabha jinendrako sUktiyoMke samAna saspuruSoMko buddhiko sadA vikasita karatI haiN| jIvana-paricaya siddhasenake jIvana-vRttake sambandhameM prabhAvakacaritameM jo tathya upalabdha haiM unase prakaTa hai ki ujjayinI nagarIke kAtyAyana gotrIya devarSi brAhmaNakI devazrI patnIke udarase inakA janma haA thaa| ye pratibhAzAlI aura samasta zAstroMke pAraMgata vidvAna the| vRddhavAdi jaba ujjayinI nagarImeM padhAre to unake sAtha siddhasenakA zAstrArtha huaa| siddhasena vRddhavAdise bahuta prabhAvita hue aura unakA 1. AdipurANa, bhAga 1, bhAratIya jJAnapITha sNskrnn-1||39-42 / 2. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa-230 / 206 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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ziSyatva svIkAra kara liyA / murune inakA dIkSAnAma kumudacandra rkhaa| Age calakara ye siddhasenake nAmase prasiddha hae / haribhadrake 'pacavastu' anyameM 'divAkara' vizeSaNa upalabdha hotA hai| usameM batAyA gayA hai ki duSamakAlarUpa rAtrike lie divAkara - sUryake samAna honese divAkarakA viruda inheM prApta thA / AyariyasiddhaseNeNa sammaie paiTThi ajaseNaM / dUsarmANasA-divAgara kappaMtaNo tadakkheNaM // sanmati-TIkAke prArambhameM abhayadevasUri (12vIM zatI I0)ne bhI inheM divAkara kahA hai / duHSamAkAla zramaNasaMghakI avacUrimeM siddhasenako 'divAkara' ke sthAnapara 'prabhAvaka' likhA gayA hai aura inake gurukA nAma dharmAcArya batAyA hai| inake sambandhameM yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki inhoMne ujjayinImeM mahAkAlake mandirameM 'kalyANamandira' stotra dvArA rudra-liGgakA sphoTana kara pAzvanAyakA bimba prakaTa kiyA thA aura vikramAditya rAjAko sambodhita kiyA pA / yathA 'vRddhavAdI pAdaliptAzcAtra tathA siddhasenadivAkaro yenojjayinyAM mahAkAlaprAsAda-rudraliGgasphoTanaM vidhAya kalyANamandirastavena zrIpArzvanAthabimba prakaTIkRtaM zrIvikramAdityazca pratibodhitastadrAjyaM tu zrIvIrasaptativarSacatuSTaye sajJAtam / / paTTAvalIsArodArameM likhA hai 'tathA siddhasenadivAkaro'pi jAto yenojjayinyAM mahAkAlapAsAde rudraliGgasphoTanaM kRtvA kalyANamandirastavanena zrIpArzvanAthabimbaM prakaTokRtya zrIvikramAdityarAjApi pratibodhitaH zrIvIranirvANAt saptativarSAdhikazatacatuSTaye 470 vikrame zrIvikramAdityarAjyaM sajAtam / ____ gurupaTTAbalI meM bhI isI tathyakI punarAvRtti prApta hotI hai tathA zrIsiddhasenadivAkareNojayinInagayA~ mahAkAlaprAsAde liGgasphoTanaM vidhAya stutyA 11 kAvye zrIpAzvanAthabimbaM prakaTIkRtam" kalyANamandirastotraM kRtam / ' 1 pramAvakamaritake antargata vRddhavAdisUri-caritam, 10 55-6. / 2. haribhA-paJcavastu gAthA 1408 / 3. anekAnta, barSa 9, kiraNa 11, pR. 457 / 4. muni darzamavijaya dvArA sampAdita paTTAbalIsamuccaya, prabama mAga / 5. vahI, pR0 150 / 6. paTTAyalIsamuccaya, pR. 166 / zrutadhara kaura sArasvatAcArya : 207

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ina paTTAvaliyoMse jJAta hotA hai ki siddhasenake prabhAvase ujjayinI meM zivaliGga-sphoTanakI ghaTanA ghaTI thii| paTTAvaliyoM ke kAlakramake avalokanase pratIta hotA hai ki ujjayinIkI isa ghaTanAkA rAmAveza vikramako 15 vIM zatAbdI se huA hai / ataH sambhava hai ki siddhasena kI isa ghaTanAko samantabhadrakI ziva piNDasphoTanako ghaTanA anukaraNapara kalpita kiyA gayA ho / paNDita jugula kizorajI mukhtArate siddhasena ke stutyAtmaka sAhityakA Akalana kara nimnalikhita niSkarSa upasthita kiyA hai "yahA~ 'stutaya:' 'yUthAdhipateH' tathA 'tasya zizuH " ye pada khAsa taura se dhyAna dene yogya haiM / 'stutayaH' padake dvArA siddhasenIya granthoMke rUpameM una dvAtriMzikAoMko sUcanA kI gayI haiM jo stutyAtmaka haiM aura zeSa padoMke dvArA siddhasenako apane sampradAyakA pramukha AcArya aura apanekA unakA paramparAziSya ghoSita kiyA gayA hai / isa taraha zvetAmbara sampradAyake AcAryarUpameM yahA~ ve siddhasena vivakSita haiM jo katipaya stutirUpa dvAtriMzikAoMke karttA haiM, na ki ve siddhasena jo ki stutyetaradvAtriMzikAoMke athavA khAsakara 'sanmati' sUtra ke racayitA hai / ' uparyukta kathanase yaha spaSTa hai ki mukhtAra sAhaba do siddhasena mAnate hai ! eka siddhasena ve haiM jo sanmatisUtra aura rati hai / aura dUsare ve siddhasena, jinhoMne stutirUpa dvAtriMzikAoMkI racanA kI hai / divAkarayatike rUpa meM raviSeNAcArya ke padmacaritakI prazasti meM bhI eka siddhasenakA ullekha AyA hai| isameM inheM indragurukA ziSya, arhan munikA guru aura raviSeNake guru lakSmaNasenakA dAdAguru batalAyA hai / AsIdindragurodivAkara-yatiH ziSyo'sya cAnmuniH / tasmAllakSmaNasena - sanmuniradaH ziSyo ravistu smRtam // 3 lyy yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki zvetAmbara prabandhoM aura paTTAvaliyoMke samAna siddhasena ke sAtha ujjayinIke mahAkAla maMdira meM ghaTita ghaTanAkA ullekha digambara sampradAya meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai / senagaNakI paTTAvalIke nimna vAkyameM kahA hai 1. patra siddhasena stutayo mahAzra azikSitAlApakalA kva caiSA / tathA'pi yUSAdhipateH pathasthaH svaladgatistasya zizUnaM zocyaH // 2. anekAnta barSa 9, kiraNa 11, pR0 459 / 3. padmacarita bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 1230167 208 : sIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako bAcArya-paramparA - hemacandra dvAtriMzikA |

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"(svasti) shriimdujjyiniimhaakaalsNsthaapnmhaakaallinggmhoghr-vaagvdnnddvissttyaavisskRtshriipaarvtiirtheshvrprtidvndvshriisiddhsenmttttaarkaannaam||14|| samaya-nirdhAraNa siddhasenake samayake sambandhameM aneka mAnyatAe pracalita haiN| eka mAnyatA inako prathama zatIkA vidvAn svIkAra karatI hai aura pramANameM paTTAvalI-samuJcayameM saGkalita paTTAvaliyoMko prastuta karatI hai / para yaha mata pramANabhUta nahIM hai / yataH vikramAditya nAmake kaI rAjA hue haiN| ataeva paTTAvalImeM ullikhita vikramAditya vi0 saM0 kA pravartaka nahIM hai| ujayinIke sAtha kaI vikramAdityoMkA sambandha hai| ataH sambhava hai ki yaha vikramAditya vikrama upAdhidhArI candragupta dvitIya ho / dvisIya matake anusAra siddhasenakA samaya jainendra vyAkaraNake rayitA pUjyapAdase pUrva mAnA gayA hai / isa matake pravartaka bAcArya paNDita sukhalAlajI saMbhavI hai| Apane pUjyapAdake vyAkaraNagata "vetteH siddhasenasya" 5 / 17 satra meM nirviSTa sibasenake masakA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai ki anupasaga aura sakarmaka vid dhAtuse rephakA Agama hotA hai| isa mAnyatAkA prayoga navamI viziphAphe 22veM pacameM 'vidrate' isa prakAra repha AgamavAlA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| anya vaiyAkaraNa sama upasargapUrvaka aura akarmaka/vid dhAtumeM 'ra' kA Agama mAnate haiM / para siddhasena anupasarga aura sakarmaka/viddhAtumeM rephakA Agama svIkAra karate haiN| inakI isa vilakSaNatAkA nirdeza unakA bahuzrutatva sUcita karatA hai / isake atirikta sarvArthasiddhike sAtaveM adhyAyake 13ve sUtrameM "uktaJca' ke bAda siddhasena divAkarake eka padyakA aMza uddhRta milatA hai|' isase unakA samaya pUjyapAdake pUrva vikramako paJcama zatAbdIkA prathama pAda athavA caturtha zatAbdIkA antima pAda honA cAhie / muni jinavijayajIne mallavAdike "dvAdazAranayacakra'' meM 'divAkara' kA ullekha prApta kara aura prabhAvakAratake antargata 'vijayasiMhacaritam' meM vIra nirvANa saMvat 884ko mallavAdikA samaya mAnakara siddhasenakA kAla vi0 saM0 414 mAnA hai| 1. viyojayati cAsumirna na vadhena saMyujyate, zikaM ca na paropamardapu (pa) ruSasmRtevidhate / / 3 / 16 / / 2. jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka, bhAga 2 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 209

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sIsare matake pravattaka DaoN. hIrAlAlajI jaina haiN| inhoMne siddhasenako guptakAlIna siddha kiyA hai| eka dvAtrizikAke AdhArapara vikramAditya upAdhidhArI candragusa dvitIyakA samakAlIna mAnA hai' / anyatra bhI Apane likhA hai "sammaisusakA' racanAkAla cothI-pAMcavIM zatAbdI I0 hai / " DaoN0 jainakI mAnyatA paNDita sukhalAlajI saMghavIke samAna hI hai| caturtha mata DaoN0 pI0 ela0 vaidyakA hai, jinhoMne nyAyAvatArakI prastAvanAmeM prabhAvakacaritake nimnalikhita padyako uddhRta kiyA hai aura usameM Aye 'vIravatsarAt' padakI vyAkhyA 'vIravikramAt' pATha mAnakara ko hai-- zrIvIravatsarAdaSazatASTake caturazItisaMyuphte / jigye sa mallavAdo bauddhastadvayantarAMzcApi // tadanusAra DaoN. vaMdya siddhasenakA samaya AThavIM zatI mAnate haiM / AcArya jagala kizora mukhtArane aneka tarka aura pramANoMke AdhArapara nyAyAvatArake kartA siddhasena aura katipaya dvAtrizikAoMke kartA siddhasenako sanmatitake kartA siddhasenase bhinna mAnA hai| isa minisa laura sisa' gIrSaka vistRta nibandhameM yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki 'sanmatisUtra ke kartA siddhasena digambara vidvAn hai aura nyAyAvatArake kartA zvetAmbara / dvAtrizikAoMmeM kuchake racayitA digambara siddhasena haiM aura kuchake kartA zvetAmbara siddhasena / zvetAmbara sampradAyameM zvetAmbara AgamoMko saMskRta meM rUpAntarita karaneke vicAramAtrase siddhasenako bAraha varSa ke lie saMghase niSkAsita karanekA daNDa diyA gayA thA / isa avadhi . siddhasena digambara sAdhuoMke samparka meM Aye aura unake vicAroMse prabhAvita hue| vizeSataH samantabhadra ke jIvanavRttAntoM aura unake sAhityakA unapara sabase adhika prabhAva par3A, isalie ve unhIM jaise stutyAdi kAryomeM pravRtta hue| unhIke sAhityake saMskAroMke kAraNa siddhasenake sAtha ujjayinIkI vaha mahAkAlavAlI ghaTanA bhI ghaTita huI hogI, jisase unakA prabhAva sarvatra vyApta ho gayA hogaa| siddhasenake isa bar3hate prabhAvake kAraNa hI zvetAmbara saMghako apanI bhalakA anubhava huA hogA aura prAyazcittakI zeSa avadhiko rahakara unheM prabhAvaka AcArya ghoSita kiyA gayA hogaa| digambara sampradAyameM siddhasenako senagaNakA AcArya mAnA gayA hai / ataeva 1. A contemporary ode to Chandragupta Vitramaditya, 2. bhAratIya saMskRtimeM jainadharmakA yogadAna : madhyapradeza zAsana saMskaraNa, 10-87 / 3. pramAkarita : siMdhI jainagranthamAlA, pR0-44, padya-83 / 21. : topakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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'sanmatisUtra'ke kartA siddhasenakA samaya samantabhadrake pazcAt aura pUjyapAdake pUrva yA samakAlika mAnA jA sakatA hai / ___ AcArya mukhtAra sAhabakI do siddhamevAnI mAnyatA buddhisaMgata pratIta hoto hai| granthake antaraMga parIkSaNase mukhtArasAhabane batalAyA hai ki vikrama saMvat 666ke pUrva siddhasena hue haiM / 'sanmati sUtrake kartA siddhasena kevalIke zAna-darzanopayoga-viSayameM amevavAdake puraskartA haiN| unake isa abhedavAdakA khaNDana digaMbara sampradAyameM akalaMkadevane taravArthavAttimeM aura zvetAmbara sampradAyameM sarvaprathama jinabhadra kSamAzramaNake "vizeSAvazyakabhASya' aura 'vizeSeNatI' granthoMmeM kiyA hai| sAtha hI sanmatisUtrake tRtIya kANDakI "Nasthi puDhavIvisiTTo" aura "dohi vi Nahi goya" gAthAeM vizeSAvazyakabhASyameM kramazaH mA0 naM0 2104, 2195 para uddhRta pAyI jAtI haiM / isake atirikta vizeSAvazyakabhASyako svopATIkAmeM 'NAmAyiM dabaTTiyassa' ityAdi gAthAkI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai "dravyAstikanayAvalambinI saMgraha-vyavahAro RjusUtrAdayastu paryAyanayamatAnu. sAriNaH aacaarysiddhsenaa'bhipraayaat"| ina uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki siddhasenake masakA aura unake gAthAvAkyoMkA unameM ullekha kiyA gayA hai | akalaMkadeva vikrama saMvat 7 vIM zatAbdIke vidvAn haiM aura jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNane vizeSAvazyakabhASyako racanA zaka saM0 531 (vi0 saM0666) meM kI hai| ataeva siddhasena vikramakI 7 vIM zatAbdIse pUrvavartI haiN| ullekhanIya hai ki AcArya vIrasenane bhI dhavalA' aura jayadhavalA donoMmeM siddhasenake sanmatisUtrake nAmanirdezapUrvaka usake vAkyoMko uddhRta kiyA hai tathA unake sAtha honevAle virodhakA parihAra kiyA hai / vorasenakA samaya IsAko 9 mI zatI hai| ataH siddhasena spaSTatayA unase bhI pUrvavartI siddha hai| pUjyapAda devanandine sanmatisUtrake jJAnadarzanopayogake amedavAdakI carcA taka nahIM ko, jaba ki akalaMkadevane tattvArthavAttikameM usako carcA hI nahIM, sayuktika mImAsA bhI kI hai| yadi pUjyapAdase pUrva sanmatisUtra racA gayA hotA, to pUjyapAda akalaMkako taraha usake amedabAdakI momAMsApUrvaka hI yugapadvAdakA pratipAdana krte| ataH siddhasenakA samaya pUjyapAda (vi0 kI 6ThI zasI) aura akalaka (vi0 kI 7 vIM zatI) kA madhyakAla arthAt vi0 saM0 625 ke AsapAsa honA cAhie / 1. SaTalaNDAgama, dhavalA, pu0 1 pR0 15 / 2. kaSAyapAiDa, jayapavalA, pu. 1, pR0 260 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 11

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racanAe~ upayukta vivecanase spaSTa hai ki siddhasena nAmake eka-se adhika vidvAn hue haiM / sanmatisUtra aura kalyANamandira jaise granthoMke racayitA siddhasena digambara sampradAyameM hue haiN| inake sAtha divAkara vizeSaNa nahIM hai| divAkara vizeSaNa zvetAmbara sampradAyameM hue siddhasenake sAtha pAyA jAtA hai, jinakI kucha dvAtrizikAeM, nyAyAvatAra Adi racanAeM haiN| yahAM digambara paramparAmeM hue siddhasenakI upalabdha do racanAoMko vivecita kiyA jAtA hai| sanmatisUtra prAkRta bhASAmeM likhita nyAya aura darzanakA yaha anUThA grantha hai / AcAryane nayoMkA sAMgopAMga vivecana kara jainanyAyako sudar3ha paddhatikA Arambha kiyA hai| bhAvAna kArako pAlo 'ga' banAyA aura vibhinna darzanoMkA antarbhAva vibhinna nayoMmeM kiyA hai| isa granyake 3 kANDa haiM-(1) nayakANDa, jIvakANDa yA zAnakANDa aura (3) sAmAnya-vizeSakANDa yA jJeyakANDa / prathama kANDameM 54, dvitIyameM 43 aura tRtIyameM 69 gAthAe~ haiM / isa prakAra kula 166 gAthAoM meM grantha samApta huA hai / prathama kANDameM dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika nayoMke svarUpakA vistArapUrvaka vivecana AyA hai| toyaMkaravacanoMke sAmAnya aura vizeSabhAvake mUla pratipAdaka ye donoM hI naya haiN| zeSa nayoMkA vikAsa aura nikAsa inhIMse huA hai| likhA hai tisthyrvynnsNgh-visesptthaarmlvaagrnnii| davvadio ya pajjavaNo ya sesA viyappA siN|| davaTThiyanayapayaDI suddhA sNghpruuvnnaaviso| paDilave puNa vayaNatyaninchao sassa vvhaaro|| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ye donoM naya kramazaH abheda aura bhedako grahaNa karate haiM / torthaMkarake vacanoMkI sAmAnya evaM vizeSarUpa rAziyoMke mUlapratipAdaka dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika naya haiN| zeSa naya meda yA abhedako viSaya karaneke kAraNa inhIM nayoMke upabheda haiM / dravyAthika nayako zuddha prakRti saMgrahako prarUpaNAkA viSaya hai aura pratyeka vastuke sambandhameM honevAlA zabdArtha-nizcaya to saMgrahakA vyavahAra hai| 1, sanmasisUtra, jJAnodaya TrasTa, ahamadAbAda saMskaraNa, 113-4 / 212 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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RNusUtranaya arthAt tadanusArI jo vacana vibhAga, vaha paryAyanayakA mUla AdhAra hai| zabdanaya, samabhiruvanaya aura evaMbhUtanaya uttarottara sUkSma meva vAle honese paryAyanayake antargata hI hai| nAma, sthApanA aura dravya ye tIna dravyAthikanayake nikSepa hai aura bhAvanikSepa paryAyArSika nayake antargata hai / isa prakAra isa kANDameM utpAda, vyaya aura novyAtmaka vastukA nirUpaNa kara nayoMkA vivecana kiyA hai / manuSya o kucha ko pasaH yA kahatA hai vaha yA to bamedakI ora jhukatA hai yA medako ora / abhedako dRSTi se kiye gaye vicAra aura usake dvArA pratipAdita vastuko saMgraha yA sAmAnya kahate haiN| medakI dahise kiyA gayA vicAra aura pratipAdita vastu vizeSa kahI jAtI hai| isa prakAra isa kANDameM dravyAyika aura paryAyArthika nayoMkA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya kANDameM darzana aura jJAnake svarUpakA kathana karaneke pazcAt AtmAke sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka svarUpakA nirUpaNa kara dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika nayoMko ghaTita kiyA hai| isa dvitIya kANDa meM jJAna aura darzanake samayamedakA kathana karate hue kevaloke jJAna aura darzanakai amedavAdakA samarthana kiyA hai| likhA hai maNapajjavaNANato NANassa ya darisaNassa ya viseso / kevalaNANaM puNa daMsaNaM ti gANaM ti ya samANa / ' jJAna aura darzanakA vizleSaNa arthAta kAlabheda manaHparyaya jJAna taka hai. para kevalajJAnake viSaya meM darzana aura jJAna ye donoM samAna haiM / arthAt ina donoMkA eka kAla hai / isa prakAra kevaloke nAna-darzanakA amedavAda sthApisa kara kramavAdI aura sahavAdIko samIkSA prastuta kI hai| tAkika zailImeM pakSa pratipakSa sthApana purassara viSayakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / darzana aura jJAna ina donoMko paribhASA evaM viSaya vastukA vivecana karate hue kevalajJAnake paryAyoMkA kathana kiyA hai| tRtIya kApaDa meM sAmAnya aura vizeSarUpa vastukA kathana hai / ataH ise neyakANDa kahA jA sakatA hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa parasparameM eka dUsarese kharNayA bhinna yA sarvathA abhinna nahIM haiM / AcAryane likhA hai sAmaNNammi viseso visesapakkhe ya vayaNaviNiveso / dayapariNAmamaNNaM dAe tayaM ca Niyamei / / 1. sanmatisUtra, jJAnodaya TrasTa, bahamadAbAda saMskaraNa, 23 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 211

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etaNivisesa etAvasi ca badamAzo davvassa pajjave pajjavA hi daviyaM jiyate' | arthAt sAmAnyameM vizeSaviSayaka vacanakA aura vizeSameM sAmAnyaviSayaka vacanakA jo prayoga hotA hai, vaha anukramase sAmAnya -- dravyake pariNAmako usase bhinna rUpa meM dikhalAtA hai aura use - vizeSako sAmAnya meM niyata karatA hai / ekAnta nirvizeSa sAmAnyakA aura ekAnta vizeSakA pratipAdana karanevAlA drayake paryAyoMko usase bhinna aura pRthak batalAtA hai| vyavahAra jJAnamUlaka hotA hai aura vyavahArakI abAdhakatA ho jJAnako yathArthatAkA pramANa hai / vastu kA svarUpa nizcita karanekA ekamAtra sAdhana yathArthajJAna hai aura vastu sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka hai| na to sAmAnya rahita vizeSako pratIti hotI hai aura na vizeSarahita sAmAnyako ho / sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM parasparameM sApekSa hai / isa kANDake anta meM bhagavAn jinavacana --- anekAntakI bhadra-kAmanA kI haibhadde micchAdaMsaNasamUha mahyasya amayasArassa | traNassa bhagavao saMviggasuhAgimmassa || bhagavAn jinavacana-anekAntazAsanakA bhadra ho - sabakA kalyANa karatA huA sadA vidyamAna rahe, jo mithyAdarzanoM ke samUhakA mathaka - unameM paraspara sApekSatA sthApaka hai, amRtasAra hai aura niSpakSa janoM dvArA saralatAse jJAtavya hai / isa granthakI prAkRta bhASA mahArASTrI hai / 'ya' zrutikA pAlana sarvatra huA hai / 'ya' zrutikI yaha vyavasthA vararucike vyAkaraNameM nahIM milatI / prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM meM AcArya hemacandrane ho 'ya' zrutikA vidhAna kiyA hai| zvetAmbara Agama granthoM kI prAkRta ardhamAgadhI hai, para isa granthako prAkRta mahArASTrI hai, jo zaurasenIkA eka upabheda hai / isa bhASAkA prayoga I0 san kI cauthI pAMcavIM zatAbdI se huA hai / nATakIya zaurasenI aura jaina zaurasenIke prabhAvase hI ukta mahArASSTrIkA bheda vikasita huA hai| yahAM 'ya' zrutike kucha udAharaNa dRSTavya haiM " titthayara ( tIrthaMkara) 113, vayaNa ( vadana) 13, sumabheyA (sUkSmabhedA), payaDI (prakRti) 114, jayavAyA ( nayavAdAH ) 1125 viyappaM (vikalpa) 1133, sattaviyappo ( saptavikalpaH ) 1141, jayavvaM ( yatitavyam ) 365 suyaNANa (zrutajJAna) 227 sayale (sakale ) 2228, sAyAraM (sAkAra) 2110 savA (sadA) 2110, yi (nija) 2 / 14 Adi / 1. sammatisUtra, ahamadAbAda saMskaraNa, 3 / 1-2 // 2. vahI, 369 // 214 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - prmpr|

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___mahArASTrIkI anya pravRttiyoMmeM prayamA vibhakike eka vacanameM okArakA pAyA jAnA bhI upalabdha hai / yathA-pajaNao (paryAyApikanayaH) 23, visao (viSayaH) 14, bavahAro (vyavahAraH) 124, daviovaogo (dravyopayogaH) 28, mago (saMsAra 15, samUhasiddho (samahasiGgaH // 27, attho (arthaH) 1127 agAiNiNo (anAdinidhanaH) 1137 aadi| saptabhI vibhaktike eka vacanameM 'mmi'kA vyavahAra bhI pAyA jAtA hai-thorammi, sasamayammi 32, tammi 3 / 4, daMsammi 224, cakkhummi 2024 Adi / isa granthakI upalabdha pANDulipiyoM meM pAThAnsara bhI prApta hote haiM / yathA-'suyaNANaM ke sthAna para 'sudaNANa', 'sayale ke sthAna para 'sagale' aura 'sAyAra ke sthAna para 'sAgAraM' jaise prayoga prApta haiN| ina prayogoMse pratIta hotA hai ki isa prakArake rUpa digambara AgamoMkI zaurasenIke haiN| isa grantha para digambarAcArya sumatideva dvArA viracita eka TokAkA ullekha AcArya vAdirajane kiyA hai, jo anupalabdha hai| dUsarI TokA abhayadeva kuta 2500 zloka pramANa tattva. vidhAyinI nAmakI upalabdha hai| kalyANamandira isa stotrameM 44 padya haiM / racayitAkA nAma kumudacandra AyA hai, jo siddhasenakA dIkSAnAma hai| likhA hai __jananayanakumudacandraprabhAsvarAH svargasampado muktvA / te vigalitamalanicayA adhirAnmokSaM prapadyante // -padya 44 isa padyameM zleSa dvArA kavikA nAma abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| stotrameM pArzvanAthako stati kI gayI hai / prArambhameM kavine apanI alpajJatAkA nirdeza kiyA hai / bhagavAnke mAtra nAmoccAraNakA varNana karatA huA kavi kahatA hai-- AstAmacintyamahimA jina ! saMstavaste nAmApi pAti bhavato bhavato jaganti / tIvrAtapopahatapAnthajanAnnidAce prINAti padmasarasaH saraso'nilo'pi 117 he deva ! Apake stavanakI acintya mahimA hai| ApakA nAmamAtra bhI jIvoMko saMsArake duHkhoMse bacA letA hai| jisa prakAra grISmartameM dhapase pIr3ita vyaktiko, kamalayukta sarovara to sukha pahuMcAte hI haiM, para una sarovaroMko zItalavAyu bhI sukha pahu~cAtI hai| ___ kAmajayI vItarAgakA mahatva pratipAdita karate hue kavine samIkSAtmaka aura tulanAtmaka zailImeM likhA hai1. kalyANamandira, paJca 7 / ataSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 215

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yasmin haraprabhRtayopi hataprabhAvAH so'pi tvayA ratipatiH pApitaH kSaNena / vidhyApitA hutabhujaH payasAya yena pIsaM na ki sadapi durddharavADavena // ' jisa kAmane hari, hara, brahmA Adi mahApuruSoMko parAjita kara diyA, usa kAmako bhI Apane parAjita kara diyA, yaha Azcaryako bAta nahIM hai / yataH jo jala saMsArakI samasta agniko naSTa karatA hai, usa jala ko bhI bar3avAnala nAmaka samudra kI agni naSTa kara DAlatI hai| krodhastvayA yadi vibho / prathama nirasto dhvastAstadA vada kathaM kila karmacaurAH / ploSatyamutra yadi vA zizirApi loke nIlagu mANi vipinAni na ki himAnI / / saMsArameM prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki krodhI manuSya ho zatra oMko jItate haiM, para bhagavan ! Apane krodhako to navama guNasthAname hA jIta liyA thA / phira krodhake abhAvameM caturdaza guNasthAna taka karmarUpo zatruoMko kaise jItA? AcArya siddhasena-kumudacandrane isa lokaviruddha tathyapara prathama Azcarya prakaTa kiyA, para jaba unheM dhyAna AyA ki zItala tuSAra bar3e-bar3e dhanoMko kSaNa bharameM jalA detA hai arthAt kSamAse bhI zatra jote jAte haiM, isa prakAra unake AzcaryakA svayaM hI samAdhAna ho jAtA hai| ___ isa stotra para vaidika prabhAva bhI hai| vRtrAsura dvArA roko gayo gAyoMkA mocana indrane kiyA thA, isa tathyakA saMketa nimnalikhita padyapara pratibhAsita hotA hai mucyanta eka manujAH sahasA jinendra ! raudrarupadravazatestvayi bokite'pi / gosvAmini sphuritatejasi dRSTamAtra corerivAzu pazavaH prapalAyamAnaiH / / he nAtha ! jisa prakAra tejasvI rAjAke dikhate ho cora curAI huI gAyoMko chor3akara zIghra hI bhAga jAte haiM, usI prakAra Apake darzana hote ho aneka bhayaMkara upadrava manuSyoMko chor3akara bhAga jAte haiN| bhaktakI bhagavaccaraNAmeM aTUTa AzAkA nirUpaNa karatA huA kavi kahatA hai janmAntare'pi tava pAdayugaM na deva ! manye mayA mahitamIhitadAnadakSam / teneha janmani munIza ! parAbhavAnAM jAto niketamahaM maSitAzayAnAm // 1. kalyANamandira, padya 11 / 2. vahI, paca 13 / 3. vahI, patra / 4, vahI, padha 36 / 216 : tIrthakara mahAbIra aura unako yAcArya-paramparA

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he bhagavAn ! jo maiM nAnA prakArake tiraskAroMkA pAtra ho rahA hU~, usase spaSTa patA calatA hai ki maiMne Apake caraNoMkI pUjA nahIM kI, kyoMki Apake caraNoMke pujAriyoMkA kabhI kisI jagaha bhI tiraskAra nahIM hotA / bhAvazUnya bhaktiko nirarthaka aura bhAvapUrNa bhaktiko sArthaka batalAte hue kavi kahatA hai| AkaNito'pi mahito'pi nirIkSito'pi nUnaM na cetasi mayA vidhRto'si bhaktyA / jAto'smi tenajanabAndhava! duHkhapAtraM yasmAt kriyAH pratiphalanti na bhAvazUnyA / ' ___ he bhagavan ! maiMne ApakA nAma bhI sunA, pUjA bhI kI aura darzana bhI kiye, phira mI duHkha merA piNDa nahIM chor3atA hai / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki maiMne bhaktibhAvapUrvaka ApakA dhyAna nahIM kiyA / kevala ADambarase hI una kAmoMko kiyA hai, na ki bhAvapUrvaka / yadi bhAvapUrvaka bhakti, arSA yA stavana karatA so saMsArake ye duHkha nahIM uThAne par3ate 1 isa stotra (pakha 31, 32, 33) meM 'digambara paramparA dvArA mAnya pArzvanAthake upasargokA varNana vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| saMkSepa meM yaha stotra atyanta sarasa aura bhAvamaya hai| pratyeka pAse bhaktirasa nisyUta hotA hai| pratimA siddhasena dArzanika aura kavi donoM haiN| donoM meM unakI gati askhalita hai / jahA~ unakA kAvyattva ucca koTikA hai vahAM unakA usake mAdhyamase dArzanika vivecana mI gambhIra aura tattvapratipAdanapUrNa hai| upajAti, zikharaNI, indravajyA, upendravajA, vaMzasya, zArdUlavikrIDita, vasantatilakA evaM AryA chandoMkA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai / ojaguNa inakI kavitAkA vizeSa upakaraNa hai ! devanandi pUjyapAda utyAmikA kavi, vaiyAkaraNa aura dArzanika ina sonoM vyaktitvoMkA ekala samavAya devanamdi pUjyapAdameM pAyA jAtA hai / AdipurANake racayitA AcArya jinasemane inheM kaviyoMmeM tIrghakRta likhA hai kavInAM sArthakuddhavaH ki TharAM tatra varNyate / viduSAM vAlmaladhvaMsi tIrtha yasya vayomayam // mAdipurANa, 152 1. kAyApandira, paca 38 / zrutagara mora sArasvatAcArya : 217

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jo kaviyoM meM tIrthaMkarake samAna the, athavA jinhoMne kaviyoMkA pathapradarzana karaneke liye lakSaNagranthakI racanA kI thI aura jinakA bacanarUpI tIrtha vidvAnoMke zabdasambandhI doSoMko naSTa karanevAlA hai, aise una devanandi AcAryakA kona varNana kara sakatA hai| jJAnArNavake kartA AcArya zubhacandrane inakI pratibhA aura vaiziSThyakA nirUpaNa karate hue smaraNa kiyA hai apAkurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAkacittasambhavam / kalaGkamaGginAM so'yaM devanando namasyate / / jinako zAstrapaddhati prANiyoMke zarIra, vacana aura cittake sabhI prakArake malako dUra karanemeM samartha hai, una devanandi AcAryako maiM praNAma karatA huuN| AcArya devanandi-pUjyapAdakA smaraNa harivaMzapurANake racayitA jinasena prathamane bhI kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai-- indra candrArkajainendravyADivyAkaraNe kSiNaH ! devasya devavanyasya na vanyante giraH katham // arthAt jo indra, candra, arka aura jainendra vyAkaraNakA avalokana karanevAlI hai, aiso devabandha devanandi AcAryako vANI kyoM nahIM vandanIya hai / isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya devanandi prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa aura dArzanika vidvAna the aura vidvanmAnya / inake sambandhameM AcArya guNanandine inake vyAkaraNa sUtroMkA AdhAra lekara jainendra prakriyAmeM maMgalAcaraNa karate hue likhA hai namaH zrIpUjyapAdAya lakSaNaM yadupakramam / yadevAtra tadanyatra yannAvAsti na tatkvacit / / jinhoMne lakSaNazAstrakI racanA kI hai, maiM una AcArya pUjyapAdako praNAma karatA huuN| unake isa lakSaNazAstrakI mahattA isIse spaSTa hai ki jo isameM hai, vaha anyatra bhI hai aura jo isameM nahIM hai, vaha anyatra bhI nahIM hai| unake sAhityakI yaha stuti-paramparA dhanaMjaya, bAdirAja Adi pramukha - - 1. jJAnArNava 1115. rAyacandra zAstramAlA saMskaraNa, vikrama sambat 2015 / 2. harivaMzapurANa 1 / 3, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vi0 saM0 2019 / 3, jainemna prakriyA, bana siddhAntaprakAzano saMsthA, kalakattA saMskaraNa, maMgalapana / 218 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura umako AcArya-paramparA

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AcAryoM dvArA bhI anubhUti huI / pUjyapAdakI jJAnagarimA aura mahattAkA ullekha ukta stutiyoM meM vistRta rUpase AyA hai / unase spaSTa hai ki devanandi-pUjyapAda kavi aura dArzanika vidvAnake rUpameM khyAta haiM / jIvana-paricaya inakA jIvana-paricaya candravya kavika pUjyapAdacAra' aura devacandrake 'rAjAvalikathe' nAmaka granthoMmeM upalabdha hai | zravaNabelagolAke zilAlekhoM meM inake nAmoMke sambandhameM ullekha milate haiM / inheM buddhikI prakharatAke kAraNa 'jinendrabuddhi' aura devoMke dvArA caraNoMkI pUjA kiye jAneke kAraNa 'pUjyapAda' kahA gayA hai / yadIyaM || yo devanandi- prathamAbhidhAno buddhadhA mahatyA sa jinendrabuddhiH / zrI pUjyapAdo'jani devatAbhiryatpUjitaM pAdayugaM jainendra nija-zabda-bhogamatulaM sarvArthasiddhiH parA siddhAnte nipuNatvamuddhakavitAM jainAbhiSekaH chandassUkSmadhiyaM samAdhizataka-svAsthyaM yadIyaM vidA mAkhyAtI sa pUjyapAda - munipaH pUjyo munInAM gaNaH // svaka: 1 arthAt inakA mUlanAma devananda thA / kintu ye buddhikI mahattAke kAraNa jinendrabuddhi aura devoM dvArA pUjita honese pUjyapAda kahalAye the / pUjyapAdane jainendra vyAkaraNa, sarvArthasiddhi, jaina abhiSeka, samASitaka Adi granthoMko racanA kI hai| zilAlekha na0 105 se bhI ukta tathya puSTa hotA hai / prAgabhyaSAyi guruNA killa devanandI buddhayA punavyapulayA sa jinendrabuddhiH / zrI pUjyapAda iti caiSa budhaiH pracakhye yatpUjitaH padayuge vanadevatAbhiH / / pUjyapAda aura jinendrabuddhi ina donoM nAmoMkI sArthakatA abhilekha naM0 108 meM bhI batAyI hai / inake pitAkA nAma mASavabhaTTa aura mAtAkA nAma zrIdevI batalAyA jAtA hai| ye karnATakake 'kole' nAmaka grAmake nivAsI the aura brAhmaNa kulake 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha prathama bhAtha, mANikacandra bigambara jaina granthabhAlA, abhilekha saMkhyA 40024 loka 10, 11 2. vahI, babhilevasaMkhyA 105 zlokasaMkhyA 20 / tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 219

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bhUSaNa the| kahA jAtA hai ki bacapana meM hI inhoMne nAga dvArA nigale gaye meDhakakI tar3apana dekhakara virakta ho digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI thii| 'pUjyapAdacarite' meM inake jIvanakA vistRta paricaya bhI prApta hotA hai tathA inake camatkArako vyakta karanevAle anya kathAnaka bhI likhe gaye haiM, para unameM kitanA tathya hai. nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / pUjyapAda kisa saMghake AcArya the, yaha vicAraNIya hai| "rAjAvalikathe'se ye nandisaMghake AcArya siddha hote haiN| zubhacandrAcAdhane apane pANDavapurANameM apanI gurvAvalikA ullekha karate hue batAthA hai "zrImUlasaMjani nandisaMghastasmin balAtkAragaNo'tiramyaH / / tatrAbhavatpUrvapadAMzavedI zrImAdhanandI naradevavandyaH // ' arthAt-nandisaMgha, balAtkAragaNa mUlasaMghake antargata hai / isameM pUrvoke ekadeza jJAtA aura manuSya evaM devoMse pUjanIya mAghanandi AcArya hue| __ mAghanandike bAda jinacandra, paNanandi, umAsvAmI, lohAcArya, yazaHkIrti, yazonandi aura devanandike nAma diye gaye haiN| ye sabhI nAma kramase nandisaMghakI paTTAvalimeM bhI milate haiM / Age isI gurvAvalimeM gyArahaveM guNanandike bAda bArahaveM vanandikA nAma AyA hai, para nandisaMdhako paTTAvalimeM gyArahaveM jayanandi aura bArahaveM guNanandike nAma Ate haiN| ina nAmoMke pazcAta terahavA nAma vajAnandikA AtA hai| isake pazcAt aura pUrvako AcAryaparamparA gurvAvali aura paTTAvalimeM prAyaH tulya hai / ataeva saMkSepameM yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki pRzyapAda mUlasaMghake antargata nandisaMgha balAtkAragaNake paTTAdhIza the / anya pramANoMse bhI vidita hotA hai ki inakA gaccha sarasvatI thA aura AcArya kundakunda evaM gudapicchako paramparAmeM hue haiN| kathAnubhUti kahA jAtA hai ki pUjyapAdake pitA mAdhavabhaTTane apanI patnI zrIdevIke Agrahase jaina dharma svIkAra kara liyA thA / zrIdevIke bhAIkA nAma pANini thaa| usase bhI unhoMne jaina dharma svIkAra kara lenekA anurodha kiyA, para pratiSThAko dRSTise vaha jena na hokara muDIkuNDagrAmameM vaiSNava saMnyAsI ho gyaa| pUjyapAdako kalinI nAmaka choTI bahana thI aura isakA vivAha guNa bhaTTake sAtha huA, jisase guNabhaTTako nAgArjuna nAmaka putra lAbha huaa| eka dina pUjyapAda apanI vATikA meM vicaraNa kara rahe the ki unako dRSTi 1. pANDavapurANa, 1 // 2 220 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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sA~pake muMhameM phaMse hue meDhakapara pdd'o| isase unheM viki ho gayo / prasiddha dheyAkaraNa pANini apanA vyAkaraNa anya raca rahe the| vaha na ho pAyA thA ki unheM apanA maraNa kAla nikaTa dikhalAI par3A, aura pUjyapAdase anurodha kiyA ki tuma isa apUrNa anyako pUrNa kara do| unhoMne use pUrNa karanA svIkAra kara liyA / pANini tunivaza marakara sarpa hue / eka bAra unhoMne pUjyapAdako dekhakara phUtkAra kiyA, isapara pUjyapAdane kahA--"vizvAsa rakho, maiM tumhAre vyAkaraNako pUrA kara duuNgaa|" isake pazcAt unhoMne pANini-dhyAkaraNako pUrNa kara diyaa| pANini-vyAkaraNake pUrNa karane ke pahale pUjyapAdane jainendra vyAkaraNa, arhadapratiSThAlakSaNa aura vaidika jyotiSake grantha likhe the| ___ guNabhaTTako mRtyuke pazcAt nAgArjuna atizaya daridra ho gyaa| pUjyapAdane use padmAksIkA eka mantra diyA aura sira karanekI nidhi bhI btlaaii| isa mantrake prabhAvase padmAvatIne nAgArjunake nikaTa prakaTa hokara use 'sidirasa' kI jar3o-banaspati batalA dii| isa "sidirasa'ke prabhAvase nAgArjuna sonA banAne lgaa| usake garvakA parihAra karane ke lie pUjyapAdane eka mAmUlI vanaspatise kaI ghar3e 'siddhirasa' banA diyA / nAgArjuna jaba parvattoMko suvarNamaya banAne lagA, taba dharaNendra padmAvatIne use rokA aura jinAlaya banAnekA Adeza diyA / tadnusAra usane eka jinAlaya banavAyA aura usameM pAsyanAyako pratimA sthApita kii| pUjyapAda apane pairoMmeM gaganagAmI lepa lagAkara videha kSetra jAyA karate pe, usa samaya unake ziSya vajanandine apane sAthiyoMse jhagar3A kara draviDa saMghakI sthApanA kii| nAgArjuna aneka mantra-tantra tathA rasAdi siddha karake bahuta prasiddha ho gyaa| eka bAra usake samakSa do sundara ramaNiyAM upasthita huI, jo nRtya-gAna kalAmeM kuzala thI / nAgArjuna unapara mohita ho gayA / ve vahIM rahane lagI aura kucha samaya bAda hI usakI rasaguTikA lekara calatI bniiN| pUjyapAda muni bahuta dinoM taka yogAbhyAsa karate rahe | phira eka devavimAnameM baiThakara unhoMne aneka tIrthokI yAtrA ko / mArga meM eka jagaha unakI dRSTi naSTa ho gayI thii| ataeva unhoMne zAntyaSTaka raca kara jyoM-kI-tyoM dRSTi prApta kI / apane grAmameM Akara unhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyA / isa kathAmeM kitanI satyatA hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 221

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samaya-vicAra pUjyapAdake samayake sambandha meM vizeSa vivAda nahIM hai| inakA ullekha chaThI zatIke madhyakAlase hI upalabdha hone lagatA hai| AcArya akalaMkadevane apane 'tattvArthavAttika' meM 'sarvArthasiddhi' ke anekoM vAkyoMko vAttikakA rUpa diyA hai| zabdAnuzAsana sambandhI kathanakI puSTike lie inake jainendra vyAkaraNake sUtroMko pramANarUpameM upasthita kiyA hai / ata: pUjyapAda akalaMkadevake pUrvavartI hai, isameM tanika bhI sandeha nhiiN|| ___ 'sarvArthasiddhi' aura 'vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' ke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase paha vidita hotA hai ki "vizeSAvazyakabhASya' likhate samaya jinabhandagaNi kSamAzramaNake samakSa 'sarvArthasiddhi' grantha avazya upasthita thaa| sarvArthasiddhi adhyAya 1, sUtra 15 meM dhAraNAmatijJAnakA lakSaNa likhate hue batAyA hai "avetasya kAlAntare'vismaraNakAraNaM dhAraNA" / vizeSAvazyakabhASyameM isI AdhArapara likhA hai "kAlatare pa jaM puNaraNusaraNaM dhAraNA sA u' ||gaa0 29 // cakSu indriya aprApyakArI hai, batalAte hue sarvArthasiddhi meM likhA hai--- ___ 'manovadaprApyakAroti / za19 vizeSAvazyaka nAbameM una zavAsIkA nimonA nimtamAra huA hai . loyaNamapavisayaM maNovva // gA0 209 / / isase jJAta hotA hai ki jinabhadragaNike samakSa pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi vidyamAna thii| isa dRSTise pUjyapAdakA samaya jinabhadragaNi (vi0 saMvat 666)ke pUrva honA cAhie / ___kundakunda aura pUjyapAdakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karanese avagata hotA hai ki pUjyapAdake samAdhitantra aura iSTopadeza kundakundAcArya ke pranyoMke dohanaRNI haiM / yahA~ do-eka udAharaNa upasthita kiye jAte haiM( 1 ) jaM mayA dissade rUrva taNNa jANAdi savyahA / jANagaM dissade NaM taM tamhA japemi keNa haM // 2 yanmayA dazyate rUpaM tanna jAnAti sarvathA / jAnanna dRzyate rUpaM tata: kena bravImyaham // 1. tattvArthakArtika, 1 / 1 / 3, tathA 4 / 21 / 1 / 2. mokSapAhue, gApA 29 / 3. samAdhitantra, vIrasevA mandira saMskaraNa, padya 18 / 222 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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(2 jo sutto bavahAre so joI jaggae sakajjammi / jo jaggadi vavahAre so sutto appaNe kajje' / / vyavahAre suSupto yaH sa jAgAtmagocare / jAgarti vyavahAre'smin suSuptazcAtmagocare / / yahAM samAdhitantrake donoM padya mokSapAhuDake saMskRtAnuvAda haiN| pUjyapAdane apane sarvArthasiddhi granthameM 'saMsAriNo muktAzca' [taka sU0 2010] sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM paMca parAvartanoMkA svarUpa batalAte hue, pratyeka parAvartanake antameM unake samarthana meM jo 'ukta ca' kahakara gAthAeM likhI haiM. ve usI kramase kundakandane 'bArasaaNuvekkhA' granthameM pAyI jAto haiM / isake atiriktta pUjyapAdane kundakundake uttaravartI gRDhapicchAcArya umAsvAmIke tattvArthasUtrapara tattvArthavRtti-sarvArthasiddhi likhI hai / ataeva inakA samaya kundakunda aura gRddhapicchAcArya ke pazcAt honA cAhie | kundakundakA samaya vikramako dvitIya zatAbdIkA pUrvAddha hai aura sUtrakAra gRpicchAcAryakA samaya vikramakI dvitIya zatAbdIkA antima pAda hai / ataH pUjyapAdakA samaya vikrama saMvat 300ke pazcAt hI sambhava hai| pUjyapAdane apane jainendra vyAkaraNake sUtroMmeM bhUtali, samantabhadra, zrIdatta, yazobhadra aura prabhAcandra nAmaka pUrvAcAryoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / inameMse bhUtavali to 'SaTkhaNDAgama'ke rAyatA pratIta hote haiM, jinakA samaya I0 san prathama zatAbdI hai / prakhara tArkika aura anekAntavAdake pratiSThApaka samantabhadra prasiddha hI haiN| zrIdattake 'jalpanirNaya' nAmaka granthakA ullekha vidyAnandane apane 'tattvArthazlokavArtika meM kiyA hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAda ina AcAryoM ke uttaravartI haiN| ___paMDita jugalakizorajI mukhtArane apane svAmI samantabhadra' nAmaka nibandhameM tathA 'samAdhitantra kI prastAvanAmeM batAyA hai ki pUjyapAda svAmI gaGgarAja duvinIsake zikSAguru the, jisakA rAjyakAla I0 san 485-522 taka mAnA jAtA hai, aura inheM helburu Adike aneka zilAlekhoMmeM 'zabdAvatAra ke kartAke rUpameM durvinota rAjAkA guru ullikhita kiyA hai / 1. moapAhara, gApA 31 / 2. samASitantra, paJca 78 / 3. "dviprakAra jo utpaM tasvaprAtibhamocaram / viSacche dinAM betA zrIdato jalpanirNaya" // -tatvAryazlokavArtika, pR0 280, padma 45 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 223

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vi0 saMvat 990meM devasenane darzanasAra nAmaka granthako racanA kI thii| yaha anya pUrvAcAryakRta-gASAoMko ekatra kara likhA gayA hai / isa granthameM batAyA hai ki pUjyapAdakA ziSya pAhuDavedI, vajanandi, drAviDasaMghakA kartA huA aura yaha saMgha vi. saMvat 526 meM utpanna huA / siripujjapAdasoso dAviDasaMghassa kArago duTTho / NAmeNa vajaNaMdI pADavedI mahAsatto // paMcasae chabbIse vipakamarAyassa maraNapattassa / dakSiNamahurAjAdo dAviDasaMgho mahAmoho' / bajanandi devanandike ziSya the / ataeva draviDa saMghakI utpattike uktakAlase dasa-bIsa varSa pahale hI unakA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai| paMDita nAthUrAmajI premIne pUjyapAda-devanandikA samaya vikramako chaThI zatAbdIkA pUrvAvaM mAnA hai| yadhiSThira mImAMsakane bhI devanandike samayakI samIkSA karate hue inakA kAla vikramakI chaThI zatAbdIkA pUrvAddha mAnA hai| nandisenako paTTAvalI meM devanandikA samaya vikrama saMvat 258-308 taka aMkita kiyA gayA hai aura inake anantara jayanandi, aura guNanandikA nAma nirdeza karaneke uparAnta vajanandikA nAmollekha AyA hai| pANDavapurANameM AcArya zubhacandrane nandi-saMghako paTTAvalIke anusAra ho gurvAvalI dI hai| devanandi pUjyapAdake gurukA nAma eka padyameM yazonandi batAyA gayA hai / yathA yazakIttiryazonandI devanandI mahAmatiH / pUjyapAdAparAkhyo yo guNanandI guNAkaraH // ajamerakI paTTAvalImeM devanandi aura pUjyapAda ye do nAma pRthak-pRthaka ullikhita haiM / isa paTTAvalIke anusAra devanandikA samaya vikrama saMvat 258 aura pUjyapAdakA vi0 saM0 308 hai| yahAM padasaMkhyA bhI kramazaH 10 aura 11 hai| yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki devanandi poravAla the aura pUjyapAda padmAvatI poravAla / para saMskRta paTTAvalIke anusAra donoM eka haiM, bhinna nahIM haiN| DaoN0 jyotiprasAdane vibhinna matoMkA samanvaya kiyA hai|' 1. darzanasAra, gAthA 24, 28 2. yudhiSThira mImAMsaka dvArA likhita jainendrazamdAnuzAsana tathA usake khilapATha jainendramahAvRtti, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, pR0 44 ! 3. anekAnta varSa 14 kiraNa 11-12, pa0 349 / 4. Jaina Antiquary. Vol. XXI. Page 24. 224 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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isa vivecanase AcArya devanandi-pUjyapAdakA samaya I0 sanko chaThI zatAbdI siddha hotA hai, jo sarvamAnya hai| racanAe~ pUjyapAda AcArya dvArA likhita abataka nimnalikhita racanAe~ upalabdha hai1. dazabhakti 2. janmAbhiSeka 3. tattvArthavRtti (sarvArtha miti 4. samAdhitantra 5. iSTopadeza 6, jainendravyAkaraNa 7. siddhipriya-stotra 1. dazabhakti-jainAgamameM bhaktike dvAdaza bheda haiM-(1) siddha-bhakti, (2) zruta-bhakti, (3) cAritra-bhakti, (4) yogi-bhakti, (5) AcArya bhakti, (6) paJcagurubhakti, (7) tIrthakara-bhakti, (8) zAnti-bhakti, (2) samAdhi-bhakti, (10) nirvANa-bhakti, (11) nandIzvara-bhakti aura (12)cetya-bhakti / pUjyapAda svAmokI saMskRtameM siddha-bhakti, zruta-bhakti, cAritra-bhakti, yogi-bhakti, nirvANa-bhakti aura nandIzvara-bhakti ye sAta ho bhaktiyAM upalabdha haiN| kAthyako dRSTise ye bhaktiyA~ bar3I hI sarasa aura gambhIra haiM / sarvaprathama nau padyoM meM siddha-bhaktiko racanA kI gayI hai| ArambhameM batAyA hai ki AThoM karmoM ke nAzase zuddha AtmAkI prAptikA DonA siddhi hai| isa siddhiko prApta karanevAle siddha kahalAte hai / siddha-bhaktike prabhAvase sAdhakako siddha-padako prApti ho jAtI hai / anya bhaktiyoMmeM nAmAnusAra viSayakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 2. janmAbhiSaka-zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhoMmeM pUjyapAdako kRtiyoMmeM janmAbhiSekakA bhI nirdeza AyA hai| dartamAnameM eka janmAbhiSeka mudrita upalabdha hai / ise pUjyapAda dvArA racita honA cAhie / racanA praur3ha aura pravAhamaya hai| 3. tattvArthavRtti-pUjyapAdakI yaha mahanIya kRti hai| 'tattvArthasUtra' para gadyameM likho gayI yaha madhyama parimANako vizada vRtti hai| isameM sUtrAnusArI siddhAntake pratipAdanake sAtha dArzanika vivecana bhI hai| isa tattvArthavRttiko sarvArthasiddhi bhI kahA gayA hai / vRttike antameM likhA hai1. ana zilAlekha-saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 40, pR0 55, padya-11 / atadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 225

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svargApavargasukhamAptumanobhirAyeMjainendrazAsanavarAmRtasArabhUtA / sarvArtha siddhiriti sadbhirUpAttanAmA tattvArthavRttiradizaM vA prathA' // jo Arya svarga aura mokSa sukhake icchuka haiM, ve jinendrazAsanarUpI zreSTha amRtase bharI sArabhUta aura satpuruSoM dvArA datta 'sarvArthasiddhi' isa nAma se prakhyAta isa tattvArthavRttiko nirantara manoyogapUrvaka avadhAraNa kareM / isa vRttimeM tattvArtha sUtrake pratyeka sUtra aura usake pratyeka padakA nirvacana, vivecana evaM zaMkA-samAdhAnapUrvaka vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai / TIkAgrantha honepara bhI isameM maulikatA akSuNNa hai / isa granthake nAmakaraNakA kAraNa svayaM hI granthakArane antima racita padyoMmeMse dvitIya pacameM aMkita kiyA hai tatvArthavRttimuditAM viditArthatattvAH zRNvanti me paripaThanti ca dharmabhaktyA / haste kRtaM paramasiddhisukhAmRtaM tai maMrtyamarezvaramukheSu kimasti vAcyam / / arthAt - arthake sArako jJAta karaneke lie jo vyakti dharma - bhakti se tattvArthavRttiko par3hate aura sunate haiM ve paramasiddhike sukharUpI amRtako hastagata kara lete haiM, taba cakravartI aura indrapadake sukha ke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA ? solaha svargauke Upara paJca anuttara vimAnoMmeM sarvArthasiddhi nAmakA eka vimAna hai | sarvArthasiddhivAle jova ekabhavAvatArI hote haiM / yaha 'tattvArthavRtti' bhI usIke samakakSa hai | ataH ise 'sarvArthasiddhi' nAmase abhihita kiyA gayA hai / 'tattvArtha sUtra' kI vRtti honepara bhI isa grantha meM katipaya maulika vizeSatAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM / maGgalAcaraNake pazcAt prathama sUtrakI vyAkhyA Arambha karate hue utthAnikAmeM likhA hai- kisI nikaTabhavyane eka Azrama meM muni pariSad ke madhya meM sthita nirgranthAcArya se vinayasahita pUchA-bhagavan ! AtmAkA hita kyA haiM ? AcAryane uttara diyA- mokSa / bhavyane punaH prazna kiyA - mokSakA svarUpa kyA hai aura usakI prAptikA upAya kyA hai ? isI prazna ke uttarasvarUpa "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH " -- sUtra racA gayA hai| 1. sarvArthasiddhi, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, antima aMza, patha 1 0 474 2. vahIM, padya 2, pu0 474 / 226 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA / I

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mana: prathama adhyAyake SaSTha sUtra " pramANanayairadhigamaH" (16) kI vyAkyA karate hue pUjyapAda svAmIne pramANake svArtha aura parArthaM bheda karake mati, avadhi, paryaya aura kevala ina cAra jJAnoMko svArthapramANa batalAte hue zrutajJAnako svArtha aura parArtha donoM batalAyA hai tathA usIkA bheda naya haiM - yaha bhI batAyA hai| isI sUtrakI vyAkhyA meM 'uktaJca' likhakara "sakalAdeza: pramANAdhInaH vikalAdezI nayAdhInaH " - vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| isa prakAra pramANake svArthaM aura parArthaM bheda tathA sakalAdeza aura vikalAdezakI cacAM inhIMke dvArA prastuta kI gayI hai| isI adhyAyameM "satsaMkhyAkSetra sparzana kAlAntarabhAvAlpabahutve raca" ( 118 ) - kI vRtti SaTkhaNDAgamake jIvadvANasUtroMke AdhArapara likhI gayI hai / isameM sat, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpabahutva ina ATha anuyogoMke dvArA caudaha mArgaNAoMmeM guNasthAnoMkA vivecana bahuta sundara rUpameM kiyA hai / pramANakI carcA meM naiyAyika aura vaizeSikoMke sannikarSa-prAmANyavAdakA evaM sAMkhyoMke indriya-prAmANyakA nirasana kara jJAnake prAmANyakI vyavasthA kI hai| jJAnako svaparaprakAzaka siddha kara cakSuH ke prApyakAritvakA Amama aura yuktiyoMse khaNDana kara use aprApyakArI siddha kiyA gayA hai| "sadasatoravizeSAdyaducchopalabdheranmattavat (1 / 32 ) kI vRtti meM kAraNaviparyAsa, bhedAbhedaviparyAsa aura svarUpaviparyAsakI carcA karate hue yoga, sAMkhya, bauddha aura cArvAka Adike matoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / antima sUtra meM kiyA gayA nayoMkA vivecana bhI kama mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai / dvitIya adhyAyakI vyAkhyA meM bhI aneka vizeSatAe~ aura maulikatAe~ upalabdha hai| tRtIya sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM cAritramohanIyake 'kaSAyavedanIya' aura 'nokaSAghavedanIya' ye do bheda batalAe haiM tathA darzanamohanodhake samyaktva, mithyAtva aura samyagmithyAtva ye tIna bheda batalAe haiM / ina sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama se aupazamika samyaktva hotA hai / yaha samyaktva anAdimithyAdRSTi bhavyake karmodayase prApta kalpatA ke rahate hue kisa prakAra sambhava hai ? isa praznake uttara meM AcAryane batalAyA hai - 'kAlalabdhyAdinimittatvAt ' - kAlalabdhi Adike nimittase inakA upazama hotA hai / anya Agama granthoM meM kSayopazamalabdhi, vizuddhilabdhi, dezanAlabdhi, kAlalabdhi aura prAyogyalabdhi ye pA~ca labdhiyA~ battalAyI haiN| AcAryaM pUjyapAdane kAlalabdhike sAtha lage Adi zabdase jAtismaraNa AdikA nirdeza kiyA hai aura kAlalabdhike karmasthitikA kAlalabdhi aura bhavApekSayA kAlaforcinA nirdeza kiyA hai| yaha viSaya maulika aura saiddhAntika hai / tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 227

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tRtIya-caturtha adhyAyameM lokakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / grahakendravRtta, grahakakSAe~, grahoMko gati, cAra-kSetra Adi carcAeM tiloyapaNNattike tulya haiN| lokAkArakA varNana AcArya ne maulika rUpameM kiyA hai / maulika tathyoMke samAvezako dRSTise paMcama adhyAya vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai / dravya, guNa bhora poMkA rASTra aura gf zivanana kiyA gayA hai / 'vyatvayogAt dravyam' aura 'guNa-samudAyo dravyam'kI samIkSA sundara rUpameM kI gayo hai / "utpAdavyayadhrauvyayukta sat' (5||30)-suutrko vyAkhyAmeM sodAharaNa utpAda, vyaya aura nauvyakI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai tathA "apitAnapitasiddheH" (5 // 32) sUtrakI vRttimeM anekAntAtmaka vastuko siddhi kI gayI hai| SaSTha aura saptama adhyAyameM darzanamohanIyakarmake Asravake kAraNoMkA vivecana karate hue kevalI, zruta, saMgha, dharma aura devoMke avarNavAdaprasaMgameM zvetAmbaramAnyatAoMkI samIkSA kI hai / saptama adhyAyake prathama sUtrameM rAtri-bhojanatyAga nAmaka SaSTha aNuvratako samIkSA kI gayI hai| saptama adhyAyake trayodaza sUtrake vyAkhyAnameM AcAryane hiMsA aura ahiMsAke svarUpakA vivecana karate hue unake samarthanameM aneka gAthAeM utta kI hai| guddhapicchAcArya ne pramAdayogase prANoMke ghAtako hiMsA kahA hai / pUjyapAdane pramattayoga aura prANakA vyaparopaNa ina donoM padoMkA vivecana karate hue kevala prANoMke ghAtamAtrako hiMsA nahIM kahA hai / jahA~ pramattayoga hai vahA~ prANoMkA ghAta na honepara bhI hiMsA hotI hai, kyoMki dhAtakakA bhAva hiMsArUpa hai / aSTama adhyAyameM karmabandhakA aura karmo ke bheda-prabhedoMkA varNana AyA hai / prathama sUtrameM bandhake pA~ca kAraNa batalAye haiN| unakI vyAkhyAmeM pUjyapAdane mithyAtvake pAMca bhedoMkA kathana karate hue puruSAdvaita evaM zvetAmbarIya nirgranthasagnantha, kevalI-kavalAhAra tathA stro-mokSa sambandho mAnyatAko bhI viparIta mithyAtva kahA hai| isa adhyAyake anya sUtroMkA vyAkhyAna bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / padoMko sArthakatAoMke vivecanake sAtha pAribhASika zabdoMke nirvacana vizeSa ullekhya haiN| ___ bhavama adhyAyameM saMvara, nirjarA aura unake sAdhana gupti AdikA vizada vivecana hai| dazamameM mokSa aura mukta jIvoMke UdhvaMgamanakA pratipAdana hai| ___ isa samagna granthako zailI varNanAtmaka hote hue bhI sUtragata padoMkI sArthakatA. ke nirUpaNake kAraNa bhASyake tulya hai / nizcayataH pUjyapAdako tattvArthasUtrake sUtroMkA viSayagata anugamana gaharA aura talasparzI thA / 228 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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4. samAdhitantra---isa granthakA dUsarA nAma samAdhizataka hai / isameM 105 padya haiM | adhyAtmaviSayakA bahuta hI sundara vivecana kiyA hai| AcArya pUjyapAdane apane isa granthako viSayavastU kundakundAcArya ke granthoMse ho grahaNa kI hai| aneka padya to rUpAntara jaise prAtta hote haiN| yahA~ eka udAharaNa prastuta karate hai yadagrAhyaM na gRhNAti gRhItaM nApi muJcati / jAnAti sarvathA sarva tatsvasaMvedyamasmyaham // ' isa padyakI samatA nimna gAthAmeM hai NiyabhAvaM Na vi muMcai parabhAva Neva gihae keI / jANadi passadi saca sohaM idi cittae NANI // ' bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmAke svarUpakA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai / bahirAtmabhAva-mithyAtvakA tyAga kara antarAtmA bana kara paramAtmapadako prAptike lie prayAsa karanA sAdhakakA parama kartavya hai| AtmA, zarIra, indriya aura karmasaMyogakA isa granthama saMkSepameM hRdayagnAho vivacana kiyA gayA hai| 5. iSTopaveza-isa AdhyAtmakAvyama iSTa-AtmAke svarUpakA paricaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 51 padyoMmeM pUjyapAdane adhyAtmasAgarako gAgarameM bhara denekI kahAvatako caritArtha kiyA hai| isakI racanAkA ekamAtra hatu yahI hai ki saMsArI AtmA apane svarUpako pahacAnakara zarIra, indriya evaM sAMsArika anya padArthose apaneko bhinna anubhava karane lge| asAvadhAna banA prANI viSaya-bhogoMmeM hI apane samasta jIvanako vyatIta na kara de, isa duSTise AcApane svayaM granthake anta meM likhA hai iSTopadezamiti samyagadhotya dhImAn / mAnApamAnasamA svamatAdvitanya // muktAgraho vinivasansajane bane bA / muktizciyaM nirUpamAmupayAti bhavyaH / / isa granthake adhyayanase AtmAko zakti vikasita ho jAtI hai aura svAtmAnubhUtike Adhikyake kAraNa mAna-apamAna, lAbha-alAbha, harSa-viSAda AdimeM 1. samAdhitaMtra, padya 30, vIrasevAmandira-saMskaraNa 1 2. niyamasAra, gAthA 97 / 3. iSTopadeza, sUrata-saMskaraNa, padya 51 1 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 219

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samasAbhAva prApta hotA hai| saMsArako yathArtha sthitikA parijJAna prApta honese rAga, dveSa, mohakI pariNati ghaTatI hai| isa laghukAya granthameM samayasArako gAthAoMkA sAra aMkita kiyA gayA hai / zailI sarala aura pravAhamaya hai| 6. jainendra vyAkaraNa-zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhoM evaM mahAkavi dhanaMjayake nAmamAlAke nirdezase jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitA pajyapAda siddha hote haiN| guNaratnamahodadhike kartA varSamAna aura hemazabdAnuzAsanake laghunyAsaracayitA kanakaprabha bhI jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitAkA nAma devanandi batAta haiN| abhilekhoMse jainendranyAsaka racayitA bhI pUjyapAda avagata hote hai / para yaha grantha abhI taka anupalabdha hai| jainendra vyAkaraNake do sUtrapATha upalabdha haiM-ekameM tIna sahasra sUtra haiM, aura dUsaremeM lagabhaga tIna hajAra sAta sau / paMDita nAyUrAmajI pramAne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki devanandi yA pUjyapAdakA banAyA huA sUtrapATha vahIM hai, jisapara abhayanandine apanI vRtti likho hai : jainendra vyAkaraNameM pAMca adhyAya haiM aura pratyeka adhyAyameM cAra-cAra pAda haiM / isakA pahalA sUtra mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM siddhiranekAntAt sUtrase samasta zabdoMkA sAdhutva anekAntadvArA svIkAra kiyA hai, kyoMki zabdameM nityatva, anityatva, ubhayatva, anubhayatva Adi vibhinna dharma rahate haiN| ina nAnA dhamose viziSTa dharmIrUpa zabdakI siddhi anekAntase hI sambhava hai| ekAntasiddhAntase anekadharmaviziSTa zabdoMkA sAdhutva nahIM batalAyA jA sakatA / yahA~ anekAntake antargata lokapravRttiko bhI mAnyatA dI hai| lokaprasiddhipara Azrita zabdavyavahAra bhI mAnya hai| jainendrakA saMjJAprakaraNa sAMketika hai / isameM dhAtu, pratyaya, prAtipadika, vibhakti, samAsa Adi mahAsaMjJAoMke lie bIjagaNita jaisI atisaMkSipta saMketapUrNa saMzAe~ AyI haiN| isa vyAkaraNameM upasarga ke lie 'gi', avyayake lie 'jho|' samAsake lie 'saH', vRddhike lie 'aipa', guNake lie 'epa', samprasAraNake lie 'jiH', prathamA vibhaktike lie 'yA', dvitIyAke lie 'i'', tRtIyA vibhaktike lie 'ma', caturthIke lie 'apa', paJcamIke lie 'kA', SaSThIke lie 'tA', saptamoke lie 'ipa' aura sambodhanake lie kiH' ko saMjJAeM batalAyI gayo haiN| nipAtake liye 'niH', dIrghake liye 'dI:', pragRhyake lie 'diH', uttarapadake liye 'dhuH', sarvanAma sthAnake lie 'dham', upasajanake lie 'nyak', plutke lie 'paH', hrasyake liye 'praH', pratyayake liye 'tyaH', prAtipadikake lie 'mRt', parasmaipadake 230 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AghAya-paramparA

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" lie 'mam', Atmanepadake lie 'da:', akarmaka ke lie 'triH', saMyogake lie 'sphaH', savarNake lie ' svam', taddhitake lie 'hRt', lopake lie 'kham', lupke lie 'us' lukke lie 'up' evaM abhyAsake lie 'ca' saMjJAkA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / samAsaprakaraNameM avyayIbhAva ke lie 'ha', tatpuruSake lie 'Sam', karmadhArayake liye 'yaH, dviguke lie 'ra' aura bahuvrIhike lie 'vam' saMjJA batalAyI gayI hai / jainendrakA yaha saMjJAprakaraNa atyanta sAMketika hai| pUrNatayA abhyasta ho jAneke pazcAt hI zabdasAdhutva meM pravRtti hotI hai| yaha satya hai ki ina sajJAoM meM lAghavaniyamakA pUrNatayA pAlana kiyA gayA hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa meM sandhike sUtra caturtha aura paJcama adhyAyameM Aye haiN| 'sandhI' 4|3|60 sUtrako sandhikA adhikArasUtra mAnakara sandhikArya kiyA gayA hai, pazcAt chakAra ke pare sandhimeM tugAgamakA vidhAna kiyA hai| tugAgama karanevAle 4/3/61 se 4|3|64 taka cAra sUtra hai| ina sUtroM dvArA hrasva, AMga, mAMga tathA dI saMjJakoMse pare tugAgama kiyA hai aura 'ta' kA 'ca' banAkara gacchati, icchati, Acchiprati mAcchidat mlecchati kuvalIcchAyA Adi prayogoMkA sAdhutva pradarzita kiyA hai / devanandikA yaha vivecana pANinike tulya hai| anantara 'yaN ' sandhike prakaraNa meM 'acIkoyaN 4 / 3 / 65 sUtradvArA ik - i, u, R, lRko kramaza: yaNAdeza - ya, cara,lakA niyamana kiyA hai| devanandikA yaha prakaraNa pANinike samAna hone para bhI prakriyAko dRSTise sarala hai| isI prakAra 'ayAdi' sandhikA 4 / 3 / 66,4 / 3 / 67 dvArA vidhAna kiyA hai| vRttikArane ina donoM sUtroMkI vyAkhyAmeM kaI aisI nayI bAteM upasthita kI haiM, jinakA samAveza kAtyAyana aura pataJjalike vacanoMmeM kiyA jA sakatA hai / jenendrakI sandhisambandhI tIna vizeSatAeM pramukha haiM 1. udAharaNoMkA bAhulya - caturtha, paMcama zatAbdI meM prayukta honevAlI bhASAkA samAveza karane ke liye naye-naye prayogoMko udAharaNa ke rUpameM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / yathA - pavyam, avazyapauvyam, nayanam, goryonam Adi / 2. lAghava yA saMkSiptikaraNa ke liye sAMketika saMjJAoM kA prayoga | 3. adhikArasUtroM dvArA anubandhoMkI vyavasthA | subanta prakaraNa meM adhika vizeSatAoMke na rahanepara bhI prakriyA sambandhI saralatA avazya vidyamAna hai| jina zabdoMke sAdhutvake liye pANinine ekAdhika 1-2. 443 / 68 / 3-4. 4 / 3 / 67 1 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 231

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sUtroMkA vyavahAra kiyA hai, una zabdoMke liye jainendra vyAkaraNameM eka hI sUtrase sAdhanikA prastuta kara dI gayI hai / jainendra vyAkaraNameM strI pratyaya, samAsa evaM kAraka sambandhI bhI phatipaya vizeSatAe~ pAyo jAtI haiN| 'kArake' 112 / 109 ko adhikArasUtra mAnakara kAraka prakaraNakA anuzAsana kiyA hai| devanandine paMcamI vibhavitakA anuzAsana sabase pahale likhA hai, pazcAt caturthI, tRtIyA, saptamI, dvitIyA aura SaSTho vibhaktikA niyamana kiyA hai / yaha kArakaprakaraNa bahuta saMkSipta hai, para jitanI vizeSatAeM apekSita haiM una sabhIkA yahAM niyamana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra tiGanta, taddhita aura kRdanta prakaraNomeM bhI aneka vizeSatAeM dRSTigocara hotI haiN| isa vyAkaraNakI zabdasAdhutvasambandhI vizeSatAoMke sAtha sAMskRtika vizeSatAe~ bhI ullekhya haiM / yahA~ sAMskRtika zabdoMkI tAlikA upasthita kara ukta kathanako puSTi kI jA rahI hai / pati panasam 113 pakva, pakvavAn 124 atitilapIDaniH za8-tilakuTa yA tela peranevAlI atirAjakumAriH 118 kuvalam, badaram-jharavera 15119 Amalavyam za19 paJcazaSkulaH zara paJcagoNiH 1 / 110 paJcamUciH, saptazUciH 111 / 10 dadhi, madhu sh1|11 azrAddhabhojI, alavaNabhojI 12132 draughaNake jAto drauSaNakIyaH zaza68 chatapradhAnorodi 111171 sampannAnIhyaH--ekobrIhiH sampannaH subhikSaM karoti 1 / 1999 dvAvapUpI bhakSayeti / 10 nAkyati tailaM zarA83 yavAgU: 1|2|22-jaukaa haluA yA lApasI rUpakAraH pati zarA103 kAMsyapAtryAM bhuGkte 1 / 110 vRkSamavacinoti phalAni zarA121 232 : topakara mahApaura aura manako bAcAya-paramparA

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bhojyate mANavakamodanaM 1 / 2 / 121 naTasya zRNoti zlokam 112 / 121 upayogo dugdhAdi sannimittaM gvaadi| godohaM svapiti 1 / 2 / 121 ajAM nayati grAma, bhAraM bati grAmam, zAkhAM karSati nAmam 1 / 21121 adhyApyete mANacako jainendram 1 / 2 / 121 / bhakSayati piNDI devadattaH ||122 Asayati godohaM devadattam / / 122 pUtayavam, pUtayAnayavam, saMhRtayavam, saMhiyamANayatram 113 / 14 dadhmApaTuH, ghRtenapaTuH 113 / 27 guDapRthukA, gaDadhAnA, tilapRthukA, dadhnA upamikta odnoddhnodnHghutodnH| 1|3|31-gudd'-cuudd'aa, guDadhAna, tilacUr3A, dadhibhAta, ghI-bhAta / vanekasesakAH, banevalvajakAH, kRpepizAcikAH 113 / 38 tatramuktam, tatrapItam 113 / 40 purANAnnam za344 kevalajJAnam, moSakagavI 113144 paJcagavadhanaH, paJcapUlI, paJcakumAri 23 / 46 kSatriyabhIraH, zrotriya kitavaH, bhikSudhiraH, mImAMsakadurdurUpaH 123148 zastrIthyAmA, durvAkANDathyAmA, sarakANDathyAmA 1 / 350 bhojyoSNam, bhojyalavaNam, pAnIyazotam // 3 // 64 kapittharasaH 113175 ikSumakSikAM meM dhArayasi 113178 saktanAM pAyakaH 113179 telapItaH, vRttapItaH, madyapAtaH 113 / 103 kuzalo vidyAgrahaNe 1 / 4948 mAthurA: pATaliputrakebhya AdayatarAH 11450 puSye pAyasamaznIyAt, maghAbhiH lalaudanam 114453 yavAnA lAvakaH, odasya bhojaka: 1 / 4 / 68 dAsyAH kAmukaH, sukaraH, kaTo bhavatA, dhAnyaM pavamAnaH 12472 puSyeNa yogaM jAnAti, puSyeNa bhojayasi, candramasA madhAbhiryoga bAnAti zaza24 mAsaM kalyANI kAcI 1144 atadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 233

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zaradaM mathurA ramaNIyA 14|4 aruNanmahendro mathurAM / aruNad yavanaH sAketam 2292 pautimASyA, gaukakSyA 3 | 14 zuciriyaM kanyA 3|1|30 vRddhapattI, sthUlapatnI, grAmapatnI 3 / 1 / 35 palANDubhakSita, surApIto 3 | 1146 vAhIkagrAmaH dAkSipaladIya:, mAhakipaladIyaH, mAkanagarIyaH 3 / 2 / 118 mAsikaH, sAMvatsarikaH 3 / 2 / 131 gozAlam, kharazAlam 3 | 3|11 mAse deyA bhikSA 3 / 3 / 22 pATaliputrasya vyAkhyAnaM sukauzalA 313242 pATaliputrasya dvAram 3 / 3 / 60 vANijAH vArANasIM jisvaroti maGgalArthamupacaranti 3 / 3158 gAndhAraH pAJcAlaH 3 / 3 / 67 bhArgavakA 3 / 3 / 93 hAstipadaM zakaTam 3 / 3 / 100 AkSikaH, zAlAkikaH 3 / 3 / 127 dAdhikam zArikam, mArAcikam 3 / 3 / 128 cUrNino'pUpAH, lavaNA yavAgUH, kaSAyamudakam 3 / 3 / 147 siddhipriyastotra isa stotra meM 26 padya haiM aura caturviMzati tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti kI gayI ' racanA praur3ha aura pravAhayukta hai / kavi varddhamAnasvAmIkI stuti karatA huA kahatA hai zrIvardhamAnavacasA paramAkareNa ratnatrayottamanidheH paramAkareNa / kurvanti yAni munayo'janatA hi tAni vRttAni santu satataM janatAhitAni // yahA~ yamakakA prayoga kara kavine varddhamAnasvAmIkA mahattva pradarzita kiyA hai / 'janatAhitAni' pada vizeSarUpase vicAraNIya hai| vastutaH tIrthaMkara jananAyaka hote haiM aura ve janatAkA kalyANa karaneke liye sarvathA prayatnazIla rahate haiM / 1. khasama gucchaka, kAvyamAlA sIroja, san 1926, padma 24 / 234 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya-paramparA

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ina pramukha granyoMke atirika pUjyapAdake vaidyaka sambandhI prayoga bhI upalabdha haiN| jainasiddhAntabhavana ArAse 'vaidyasArasaMgraha' nAmaka granthameM katipaya prayoga prakAzita haiN| chandazAstra sambandhI bhI inakA koI anya rahA hai, jo upalabdha nahIM hai| devanandhi-pUjyapAdakA vaivuSya evaM kAvyapratibhA ___ jIdhana aura jagatke rahasyoMkI vyAkhyA karate hue, mAnavIya vyApArake preraka, prayojanoM aura usake uttaradAyitvakI sAMgopAMga vivecanA pUjyapAdake granthoMkA mUla viSaya hai| vyaktigata jIvanameM kavi AtmasaMyama aura Atmazuddhi para bala detA hai / dhyAna, pUjA, prArthanA evaM bhaktiko udAtta jIvanakI bhUmikAke liye Avazyaka samajhatA hai| AcArya pUjyapAdako kavitAmeM kAvyattattvako apekSA darzana aura adhyAtmatattva adhika mukhara hai| zRGgArika bhAvanAke abhAvameM bho bhaktirasakA zosala jala mana aura hRdaya donoMko apUrva zAnti pradAna karane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai / zabda viSayAnusAra komala haiM, kabhI-kabhI eka hI padyameM dhvanikA parivartana bho pAyA jAtA hai / vastutaH anurAgako ho pUjyapAdane bhaksi kahA hai aura yaha anurAga mohakA rUpAntara hai / para vItarAgake prati kiyA gayA anurAga mohako koTimeM nahIM AtA hai| moha svArthapUrNa hotA hai aura bhaktakA anurAga niHsvArtha / vItarAgIse anurAga karanekA artha hai, tadrUpa honekI prabala AkAMkSAkA udita honA / ataeva pUjyapAdane siddhabhaktimeM siddharUpa honekI prakriyA pradarzita kI hai| unake vaiduSyakA anumAna sarvArthasiddhigranthase kiyA jA sakatA hai| naiyAyika, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, vedAnta, bauddha Adi vibhinna darzanoMko samIkSA kara inhoMne apanI vidvattA prakaTa kI hai| nirvacana aura padoMkI sArthakatAke vivecanameM AcArya pUjyapAdakI samakakSatA koI nahIM kara sakatA hai| ___ AcArya pUjyapAdane kavike rUpameM adhyAtma, AcAra aura nItikA pratipAdana kiyA hai / anuSTup jaise choTe chandameM gambhIra bhAvoMko samAhita karanekA prayatna prazaMsanIya hai| AcAryane sukha-duHkhakA AdhAra vAsanAko hI kahA hai, jisane AtmatattvakA anubhava kara liyA hai, use sukha-duHkhakA saMsparza nahIM hotaa| vAsanAmayamevaitat sukhaM duHkhaM ca dehinAm / tathA hyadvejayantyete, bhogA rogA ivaapdi'| 1. iSTopadeza, padya 6 / sapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 235

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dehadhAriyoMko jo sukha aura duHkha hotA hai, vaha kevala kalpanAjanya hI hai / jinheM lokasukhakA sAdhana samajhA jAtA hai, aise kamanIya kAminI Adi bhoga bhI Apatti ke samaya meM rogoMkI taraha prANimAMko AkulatA paidA karanevAle hote haiM / saMsArakI vibhinna paristhitiyoMkA citrAMkana karate hue AcArya pUjyapAdane udAharaNa dvArA saMyoga-viyogako vAstavika sthitipara prakAza DAlA hai / yathAdigdezebhyaH svagA etya, saMvasanti nage nage 1 svasvakAryavazAdyAnti, deze dikSu prage prage' || jisa prakAra vibhinna dizA aura dezoMse ekatra ho pakSIgaNa vRkSoMpara rAtri meM nivAsa karate haiM, prAtaH honepara apane-apane kAryake vaza pRthaka-pRthaka dizA aura dezoM ko ur3a jAte haiM / isI prakAra parivAra aura samAjake vyakti bhI thor3e samaya ke liye ekatra hote haiM aura AyukI samApti hote hI viyukta ho jAte haiM / isa padyameM vyaMjanA dvArA hI saMsArI jIvoM kI sthitipara prakAza par3atA hai / abhidhAse to kevala pakSiyoM ke 'raina baserA' kA ho citrAMkana hotA hai, parantu vyaMjanA dvArA saMyoga-viyogako sthiti bahuta spaSTa ho jAtI hai aura saMsArakA yathArtharUpa prastuta ho jAtA hai| AcAryane AThaveM padyameM "capugRhaM vanaM dArAH putrA mitrANi zatravaH" meM Amukha ke rUpa meM ukta padyake vyaMgyArthaMkA saMketa kara diyA hai| ataH padyoMko gumphita karanekI prakriyA bhI maulika haiN| tathya yaha hai ki bAhya prakRti ke bAda manuSya apane antarjagatko ora dRSTipAta karatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki udAharaNa ke rUpameM prastuta kiyA gayA padya bAhya prakRtike rUpakA citraNa kara Amukha zlokake arthake sAtha anvita ho viraktike liye bhUmikA utpanna kara detA hai / AcArya pUjyapAdane sakala paramAtmA arhantako namaskAra karate hue unakI aneka vizeSatAoMmeM vANIkI vizeSatA bhI varNita kI hai| yaha vizeSatA udAsa alaMkArameM nirUpita hai / kavine batAyA hai ki arhanta icchA rahita haiM / ataH bolanekI icchA na karanepara bhI nirakSarI divya-dhvani dvArA prANiyoMkI bhalAI karate haiM, jo sakala paramAtmAko anubhUti karane lagatA hai, use AtmAkA rahasya jJAta ho jAtA hai | ataH kavine sUkSmake AdhArapara isa citrakA nirmANa kiyA hai / kalpanA dvArA bhAvanAko amUrtarUpa pradAna kiyA gayA hai| dhArmika padma 1. iSTopaveza padma 9 / . 236 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra bora unako AcArya-paramparA 1 F

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honepara bhI, chAyAvAdI kavitAke samAna sakala paramAtmAkA spaSTa citra aMkita ho jAtA hai | kAvyakalAko daSTise padya uttama koTikA hai.--- jayanti yasyAvadato'pi bhAratIvibhUtayastIrthakRto'pyanIhituH / zivAya dhAne sugatAya viSNave jinAya tasmai sakalAtmane namaH / / icchArahita honepara tathA bolanekA prayAsa na karanepara bhI jisako vANIko vibhUti jaggAko mukha-zAnti dene meM samartha hai. usa anekArI sakala paramAtmA ahaMntako namaskAra ho| bAhya udAharaNoM dvArA antaraMgakI anubhUti karAne ke liye AcArya ne gAr3havastra, jIrNa vastra, raktavastrake dRSTAnta prastutakara AtmAke svarUpako spaSTa karanekA prayAsa kiyA hai| jisa prakAra gAr3hA-moTA vastra pahana lenepara koI apaneko moTA nahIM mAnatA, jorNavastra pahananepara koI apaneko jIrNa nahIM mAnatA aura rakta, pIsa, prati vibhinna prakArakA raMgIna vastra pahananepara koI apaneko lAla, nIlA, pIlA nahIM samajhatA, isI prakAra zarIrake sthUla, jIrNa, gaura evaM kRSNa honase AtmAko bhI sthUla, jIrNa, kAlA aura gorA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai ghane vastre yathAtmAnaM na ghanaM manyate tathA / dhane svadehe'pyAsmAna na ghanaM manyate budhaH / / jIrNa basne yathA''tmAnaM na jIrNa manyate tathA / jIrNa svadehe'pyAtmAnaM na jorNa manyate budhaH / / rakte vastre yathAtmAnaM na raktaM manyate tathA / rakte svadahe'pyAtmAnaM na raktaM manyate budhaH / / anuSTupke sAtha vaMzastha, upendravajrA Adi chandoMkA prayoga bhI kiyA hai / kAvya, darzana aura adhyAtmatattvako dRSTise racanAe~ sundara aura sarasa haiN| pAtrakesarI yA pAtrasvAmI kavi aura dArzanikake rUpameM pAtrakesarIkA nAma vikhyAta hai ! AcArya jinasenane apane AdipurANameM pAtrakesarIkA ullekha karate hue likhA hai / bhaTTAkalaGkazrIpAlapAtrakesariNAM guNAH / viduSAM hRdayArUDhA hArAyante'tinirmalAH // 1-2. samAdhitanya 63 66 / 3. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa--1153 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 237

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bhaTTAkalaGka, zrIpAla aura pAtrakesarI AcAryoM ke nirmala guNa vidvAnoMke hRdayameM maNimAlAke samAna suzobhita hote haiN| zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhasaMkhyA 54 meM "vilakSaNakadarthana'ke racayitAke rUpameM pAtrakesarIkA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai mahimA sa pAtrakesariguroH paraM bhavati yasya bhaktyAsIt / padmAvatI sahAyA vilakSaNa-kadarthana krtum|| prastuta malliSeNa-prazasti zaka saMvat 1050 vi0 saM0 1185kI hai| ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki AcArya jinasena tathA malligeNa prazastike lekhakake samaya meM pAtrakesarIkA yaza paryApta prasRta thA / jovana-paricaya pAtrakesarIkA janma uccakulIna brAhmaNa vaMzameM huA thaa| sambhavataH ye kisI rAjAke mahAmAtyapadapara pratiSThita the| brAhmaNa samAjameM inakI bar3I pratiSThA thii| ArAdhanAkathA-koSameM likhA hai-"ahicchatrake anipAla rAjAke rAjyameM 500 brAhmaNa rahate the| inameM pAtrakesarI sabase pramukha the / isa nagarameM tIrthakara pArzvanAthakA eka vizAla caityAlaya thA / pAtrakesarI pratidina usa caityAlayameM jAyA karate the| eka dina vahAM cAritrabhaSaNa munike makhase svAmI samantabhadrake 'devAgama' stotrakA pATha sunakara tAzcaryacakita he| unhoMne munirAjase stotrakA artha pUchA, para munirAja artha na batalA ske| pAtrakesarIne apanI vilakSaNa pratibhA dvArA stotra kaNThastha kara liyA aura artha vicArane lage / jaise-jaise stotrakA artha spaSTa hone lagA vaise-vaise unakI jaina. tattvoMpara zraddhA utpanna hotI gayI aura antameM unhoMne jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA / rAjyake adhikArI padako chor3a unhoMne munipada dhAraNa kara liyaa| para unheM hetuke viSayameM sandeha banA rahA aura usa sandehako lie huye so jAne para rAtrike antima praharameM svapna AyA ki pAzvanAthake mandirameM 'phaNa' para likhA huA hetulakSaNa prApta ho jaaygaa| ataeva prAtaHkAla jaba ve pAzvaM. nAyake mandira meM pahuMce to vahA~ usa mUtike 'phaNa' para nimna prakAra hetulakSaNa prApta huA anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // pAtrakesarI hetulakSaNako avagata kara asandigdha aura dIkSita hue / 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekhasaMkhyA 54, padya 12, pR0 saM0 103 / 238 : vIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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isa kathAse vidita hai ki pAtrakesarI uccakulIna brAhmaNa the| svAmI samantabhadrake 'devAgama' stotrako sUnakara inako zraddhA jainadharmake prati jAgRta haI thI aura jainadharmameM dIkSita ho muni ho gaye the| kathAkoSake anusAra inheM 'ahicchatrakA nivAsI kahA gayA hai| ye mila-saMghake AcArya the / zaka saMvat 1059ke bellUra tAllukeke zilAlekha naM0 17 meM pAnasarokA nAma AyA hai / isa abhilekhameM samantabhadrasvAmIke bAda pAtrakesarIko mila-saMghakA pradhAna AcArya sUcita kiyA hai| pAtrakesaroke anantara kramaza: vakagrIva, vananandi, sumatibhaTTAraka (deva) aura samayadopaka akalaGka nAmake AcArya hue haiN| ___ akalaMkadevake nizcayIka kiDanevAle samAI manantavIryane unake 'svAmI' padakA vyAkhyAna karate hue hI vilakSaNakadarthanake racayittAke rUpameM pAtrakesarIkA ullekha kiyA hai / tattvasaMgraha aura usako TokA paMjikAmeM pAtrasvAmIkA nirdeza AyA hai aura unake vAkyoMko uddhRta kiyA hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki pAtrakesarIkA vyaktitva tarkake kSetra meM prasiddha rahA hai / samaya-nirNaya pAtrakesarIkA vilakSaNakadarthana' nAmakA grantha rahA hai / isa granthako mImAMsA bauddha vidvAn zAntarakSitane apane tatvasaMgraha nAmaka graMthameM kI hai aura zAntarakSitakA samaya I0 san 705-762 hai| ataH pAtrakesarIkA samaya isake pUrva hai| DaoN0 mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcAyana inake samayakA nirdhAraNa karate hue likhA hai-hetukA vilakSaNasvarUpa diGnAgane nyAyapravezameM sthApita kiyA hai aura usakA vistAra dharmakItine kiyA hai| pAtrasvAmokA purAnA ullekha karanevAle zAntarakSita aura kaNaMgAmi hai / ataH inakA samaya diGnAga (I0 425) ke bAda aura zAntarakSitake madhya meM honA caahie| ye I0 sanko chaThavIM zatAbdAMke uttarAdha aura sAtavIMke pUrvArdhake vidvAna jJAta hote haiN|" 1. tat.....""stherthamaM sahasraguNamADisamantabhadrasvAmigalusamdara avIraM balikatadIya zrImad dramila saMghAne sarad appapAtrakesari-svAmI gativakragrIvAmi'......riSda anantaraM |-epigraaphikaa karNATikA, jilda 5, bhAga 1 / / 2. nana sadoSa tat, atassavaparijJAnamadoSAya iti cet, atrAha-amalAlokam .! kasya tat ? ityatrAha-svAminaH pAtrakesariNa ityeke| kuta etat ? tena vahiSaya vilkssnnkdrthnm"|-siddhivinishcyttiikaa, jAnapIThasaMskaraNa-pR. 371-72 / 3. DaoN0 baraSArIlAla koThiyA : jaina tarkazAstrameM anumAnavidhAra, pR0 195-96 / 4. siddhivinizcaya, prastAvanA, 10 21 / ataSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 239

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pAtrakesarIkA 'anyathAnupapanatva' padma akalaGkadevake nyAyavinizcayameM mUlameM bhI milatA hai| ataH pAtrakesarI akaladeva (vi07 vI zatI) ke pUrvavartI haiN| abhilekhoMmeM samantabhadrake anantara pAtrakesarIkA nAma AyA hai| ataH samantabhadra (3rI zatI) ke pazcAt pAtrakesarIkA samaya hai / arthAt inakA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdIkA uttarArdha hai| racanAeM inakI do racanAeM mAnI jAtI haiM-1 vilakSaNakadarthana aura 2 pAtrakesarIstotra / trilakSaNakadarthanake to mAtra ullekha milate haiN| vaha upalabdha nahIM hai| dUsarI kRti pAtrakesarIstotra hI upalabdha hai| pAtrakesarI stotra-isa stotrakA dUsarA nAma 'jinendraguNasaMstusi' bhI hai / samantabhadrake stotroMke samAna yaha stotra bhI nyAyazAstrakA grantha hai| bhramavaza katipaya AlocakoMne vidyAnanda aura pAtrakesarIko eka vyakti samajha liyA thA, asaH pAtrakesarIstotra vidyAnandake nAmase prakAzita hai / parantu AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArane 'svAmo vidyAnanda aura pAtrakesarI' zIrSaka prabandhameM sapramANa ukta mAnyatAkA khaNDana kiyA hai / ' prastuta stotrameM 50 padya haiM / arhanta bhagavAnakI sayogakevalI avasthAkA bahuta hI gaveSaNApUrNa varNana prastuta kiyA hai| bIsarAgatAkA vistRta varNana karate hue pAtrasvAmIne kahA hai jinendra ! guNasaMstutissava manAgapi prastutA bhavatyakhilakarmaNAM prahattaye para kAraNam / iti vyavasitA matirmama tato'hamatyAdarAt, sphuTArthanayapezalA sugata ! saMvidhAsye stutim // he bhagavan ! Apake guNoMko jo thor3I bhI stuti karatA hai usake lie yaha stuti samasta kAryoM meM AnevAle vighnoMke vidhvaMsakA kAraNa banatI hai athavA samasta karmoM ke nAza karane meM sakSama hai| isa nizcayase prerita hokara maiM atyanta bAdarapUrvaka nayamita sphuTa arthavAlI stutiko karatA huuN| __ isa pratijJAvAkyaka anantara ArAdhyadevako stuti prArambha kI hai / vota 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsapara vizada prakApA, pR0 637-667 / 2. pramamaguSkA, pannAlAla boSarI, madanI kAzI, vi0 saM0 1982, pu0 284, para / 24. : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bhAcArya-paramparA

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rAgIke jJAna aura saMyamakA vivecana kaI prakArase kiyA hai| vItarAgIkA zAsana paraspara virodharahita aura sabhI prANiyoMke lie hitasAdhaka hotA hai / arhanta parameSThI uccakoTike tattvacintaka eva syAdvAdanayagarbhita upadeza denebAyeM haiM / ataeva mirA kI zaraNa kara kI hai, use rAgAdijanya vedanA vyApta nahIM krtii| rAga, dveSa aura moha hI saMsAra meM bhaya utpanna karanevAle haiM, jisane ukta vikAroMko naSTa kara diyA hai, vahI tribhuvanAdhipati hotA hai / samasta Arambha aura parigrahake banbanase mukta honeke kAraNa vItarAgI arhansa meM ho AptatA rahatI hai| ekAntavAdase duSTa cittavAle vyakti Apake Anantya guNoMkI thAha nahIM pA sakate haiN| isa sandarbha meM yaha smaraNIya hai ki yahA~ taiyAyika, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, mImAMsaka Adi matoM aura unake abhimata Apako bhI samIkSA kI gayI hai / sarvajJasiddhike sAtha samranyatA aura kalA - hArakA nirasana bhI kiyA gayA hai| racanA bar3I hI bhAvapUrNa aura praur3ha hai / 2. trilakSaNakadana - isa granthama bauddhoM dvArA pratipAdita pakSadharmatva, sapakSasatya aura vipakSAdvyAvRtirUpa hetuke rUpyakA khaNDana kara 'anyathAnupapannatva' rUpa hetukA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha ke uddharaNa zAnta rakSitake tattvasaMgraha, akalakake siddhivinizcaya tathA nyAyavinizcaya, vidyAnandake tattvArthazlokavArtika evaM uttaravartI AcAryo ke granthoMmeM pAye jAte hai / pratibhA evaM vaiSya - pAtrakesarI nyAyake niSNAta vidvAn the / ataH inake stotra meM bhI dArzanika mAnyatAe~ samAhita haiM / saMskRtike mUlasrota zraddhA, jJAna aura caritra hI haiN| ataH neyAyika kavi bhI pradhAnataH saMskRti ke unnAyaka hote haiM / ye tarkapUrNa zezImeM vibhinna mAnyatAoMkI samIkSA karate hue unnata vicAroM aura udAtta bhAvoMkA samAveza karate haiN| jisa ArAdhya ke prati ye jJAta hote hai, usake guNoM ko darzanakI kasauTI para kasakara kAvya - bhAvanAke rUpa meM prastuta karate haiM / pAtrasvAmI meM dArzanika vicAroMke sAtha komala tathA bhaktipUrita hRdayakI abhivyakti vartamAna hai / yadyapi dInatAko bhAvanA kahIM bhI nahIM hai to bhI arhantakI divya vibhUtiyoMke darzanase kavike rUpameM AcArya cakita haiN| unakI vItarAgatA ke prati apAra zraddhA hai| ataH bhakta kavike samAna bhaktivibhora ho ArAdhyake caraNoM meM apaneko samarpita karanekI icchA vyakta karate haiN| pramANa, hetu, natha, aura syAdvAdakA vivecana bhI sarvatra hotA gayA hai| bhUta caitanyavAdakA nirasana karate hue kavine usake siddhAntapakSake sphoTanameM prabandhAtmakatA pradarzita kI hai| isI prakAra sAMkhya- siddhAnta ke prakRti - puruSa - vAdamImAMsA meM bhI prabandhasUtra vidyamAna haiM / ArAdhya ke svarUpavivecana meM kavine tarkake sAtha itivRttAtmakatA kA saphala nirvAha kiyA hai| zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 241 16

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na mRtyurapi vidyate prakRtimAnuSasyeva te, mRtasya parinirvRtima masunarjanmavat / jarA ca na hi yadvapurvimalake valotpattittaH, prabhRtya rujamekarUpamavatiSThate prAG mRteH ' // he prabho ! sAdhAraNa manuSyoMke samAna ApakI mRtyu bhI nahIM hotI hai / yataH janmamaraNa honese nirvANako sthiti ghaTita nahIM ho sakatI hai / ataeva na ApakA punarjanma hotA hai, na maraNa / ataeva Apa janmamaraNAtIta haiM / nirmala kevalajJAnakI utpatti honese jarA - vRddhAvasthAjanya kaSTa bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai / yataH vRddhAvasthAkA honA hI sambhava nahIM hai / aura na kabhI rogakA hI kaSTa Apako hotA hai| ghAtiyA karmoMke naSTa hote hI Apa janma jarA maraNase mukta ho jAte haiM / - - tIrthaMkarameM laukika abhyudayake sAtha niHssaMgatA aparigrahatA bhI pAyI jAtI hai / abhyudaya aura aparigraha ye donoM virodhI dharma haiM / ataH ekAzrayameM ina donoM kA sAhacarya kisa prakAra sambhava hai? isI tathyako lekara kavine virodhAbhAsa alaGkAra dvArA arhantake guNoMpara prakAza DAlA hai surendraparikalpitaM bRhadana sihAsana', tathA''tapanivAraNatrayamapollasaccAmaram | vazaM ca bhuvanatrayaM nirupamA ca niHsaMgatA, na saMgatamidaM dvayaM tvayi tathApi saMgacchate // indra dvArA pradatta bahumUlya siMhAsana, Atapa dUra karaneke liye chatratraya aura cAmara suzobhita hote haiM / trilokakI antaraMga aura bahiraMga lakSmA Apako prApta haiM / to bhI Apa aparigrahI haiN| lakSmIkA sadbhAva aura aparigrahatva ye donoM virodhI dharma haiM, eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate haiM, to bhI ye donoM ApameM pAye jAte haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki vItarAgI prabhuke antaraMga rUpameM kevalajJAnAdi lakSmI hai aura bahiraMga meM devoM dvArA kiye gaye atizayoMke kAraNa siMhAsana, chatra, camara, Adi vaibhava vidyamAna hai / ataeva usakA aparigrahatvake sAtha kisI bhI prakArakA virodha nahIM hai | 1. prathama gucchaka, pAtrakesA rasto padma 27 pu0 288 / 2. vahI, padma 6, pR0 285 / 242 : tIrthaMkara mahAvora aura unako AcArya - paramparA

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pAtrakesaristotrake adhyayanase inakI pratibhA aura vaiduSyakA sahajameM parijJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| kavine parasmaipadI kriyAoMke sthAnameM saMvidhAsye, saMgacchate, virudhyate', aznute , upapadyate5. paripUjyate', narInRtyate , vidyate', uhate, chidyate', yujyate", anuSajyate'2. gamyate / evaM ceSTate" Adi AtmanepadI kriyApada prayukta kiye haiM ! ina kriyApadoMse yaha anumAna hotA hai ki AcArya pAtrakesarI vividha vAdoMkI samIkSA kara svamatakI sthApanA karanA cAhate haiN| yataH Atmanepado kriyAe~ 'sva'ko abhivyaMjanAke liye AtI haiN| jahAM stotroMmeM stotA apane hRdayako kholakara rakha detA hai aura apane samasta doSa aura AvaraNoMko svIkAra karatA hai vahAM Atmanepado kriyAoMkA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| parasmaipadI kriyAe parasmai-parArtha-parabodhaka padam' arthAt jahA~ parakA bhAva abhivyakta karanA hotA hai vahAM prAyaH parasmaipadI kriyAoMkA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| jo kavi yA lekhaka sAvadhAna rahakara racanA karatA hai vaha parasmaipadI aura AtmanepadI kriyAoMke bhedoMpara dhyAna rakhatA hai| sAmAnyata: jahA~ 'sva' aura 'para'kA mizrita bhAva abhivyakta karanA hotA hai vahA~ AtmanepadI kriyAeM vyavahArameM AtI hai| AcArya pAtrasvAmIkA nyAyaviSayapara bhI apUrva adhikAra hai| unake vilakSaNaphadarthanake na milanepara bhI usake vAnapoMke granthAntaroMmeM upalabdha hone lathA upayukta stotrase nyAviSayaka parijJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai / yahA~ stotrame udAharaNArtha eka padya prastuta hai-- na hIndriyadhiyA virodhi na ca liMgabuLyA vaco, na cApyanumatena te sunayasaptadhA yojitam / vyapetaparizaGkana vitathakAraNAdarzanAdato'pi bhagava'stvameva parameSTitAyAH pdm|| AcArya joiMdu jaina paramparAmeM 'joiMdu yA 'yogIndu' eka adhyAtmavettA AcArya haiN| inake jIvana-vRttake sambandhameM na to inake granthoMse sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai aura na anya vAGmayase hI / paramAtmaprakAzameM kavine apane nAmakA ullekha kiyA hai 1-14. pAtrakesaristotra-1, 6, 13, 22, 22, 29, 29, 31, 32, 34, 34, 36, 44, 48 padya / 15. vAhI, padya 11 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 243

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aura apane ziSyakA nAma bhaTTaprabhAkara batAyA hai| paMcaparameSThI ko namaskAra karaneke pazcAt bhaTTaprabhAkarane jinadeva aura yogondule nirmala pariNAmoMkI prApti hetu prArthanA kI hai / yathA bhAvi paNavivi paMca-guru siri-joiMdu - jiNAu / bhaTTapahAra viviu vimalu kareviNu bhAu' / zuddhabhAvase paMcaparameSThiyoMko namaskAra kara bhaTTaprabhAkara apane pariNAmoMko nirmala karaneke hetu yogIndudevase zuddhAtmatatva jAnane ke lie mahAbhakti se prArthanA karatA hai / paramAtmaprakAzake TIkAkAra brahmadevane apanI saMskRtaTIkAmeM "joiMdujiNAu" kA artha yogIndradevanAmA bhagavAn kiyA hai / samayasArakI TIkA meM jayasenane 'tathA yogIndudevairapyuktam' kahakara paramAtmaprakAzakA nimnalikhita dohA uddhRta kiyA hai " Na vi upaja Na ki marai baghu bhokyu karaMDa jisa paramatthe joiyA jiNavaru eu bhaNei // zrutasAgarasUrine kundakundake 'caritapAhuDa' kI TIkA meM 'uktaJca yogIndranAmAbhaTTArakeNa' likhakara paramAtmaprakAzake nimnalikhita padyako prastuta kiyA hai jasu hariNacchI hiyavaie tasu Na vi baMbhu vidhAri / ekkahi kema samati vaDha be khaMDA paDiyAri // isa prakAra saMskRta TIkAkAroMne joiMduko yogIndu nAmase abhihita kiyA hai aura iso nAmase ye prasiddha bhI hue haiN| yogasAra meM granthakartAkA nAma yogicanda batAyA hai, jo ki joiMdukA rUpAntara hai saMsAraha bhaya-bhIyaeNa jogicaMda - muNieNa | appA - saMboNa kayA dohA ivaka maNeNa " | yogIndu yogicandrakA rUpAntara hai aura isakA apabhraMzarUpa joiMdu hai / 1. paramAtmaprakAza, rAmacandrazAstramAlA, dohA 118 | 2. yahI 1168 3. kunkunda, cAritapAhuDa-gAthA - 15 / 4. paramAtmaprakAza rAya candrazAstramAlA, dohA--- 1 / 129 / * 5. yogasAra, rAmacandrazAstramAlA, dohA-- 108 / 244 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI zrAcArya - paramparA *

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prAyaH candrAnta nAmoMko saMkSipta rUpa deneke lie granthakAra 'indu' dvArA abhihita karate haiM / yathA--prabhA candrakA prabhendu, zubhacandrakA zubhendu ho gayA hai / isIprakAra yogicandrakA yogIndu yA joiMdu huA hai / ataeva DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAkA yaha sujhAva sarvathA ucita hai ki paramAtmaprakAzake racayitAkA nAma yogIndra nahIM, yogIndu hai / jIvana-paricaya joiMdu kavike jIvana sambandhameM kisI bhI sAghanase koI prAmANika sUcanA prApta nahIM hotI hai / paramAtmaprakAza meM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha grantha bhaTTaprabhA - karake nimittase likhA jA rahA hai| yaha bAta paramAtmaprakAzake Adi aura antase bhI siddha hotI hai| madhyameM bhI kaI sthaloM para bhaTTa prabhAkarako sambodhana karate hue kathana kiyA gayA hai / granthakArane likhA hai itthu Na va paMDiyahi guNa-dosu vi puNarusu / bhaTTa - pabhAyara-kAraNai~ maI puNu vi paratu' | arthAt he bhavyajIvoM ! isa grantha meM punarukta nAmakA doSa paNDitajana grahaNa nahIM kareMge aura na kAvyakalAko dRSTise hI isakA parIkSaNa kareMge / yataH maiMne prabhAkarabhaTTako sambodhita karaneke lie paramAtmatattvakA kathana kiyA hai| isa kathanase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki bhaTTaprabhAkara koI mumukSu thA, jisake lie isa granthakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha mulyarUpase muniyoMko lakSyakara likhA gayA hai / aura isake lekhaka bhI adhyAtma rasika muni hI haiM / antima maGgalake lie AzIrvAda ke rUpameM namaskAra karate hue likhA hai ki isa loka meM viSayI jIva jise nahIM pA sakate, aisA yaha paramAtmatattva jayavanta ho / viSayAsIta vItarAgI muni hI isa Atmatasvako prApta kara sakate haiN| jo muni bhAvapUrvaka isa paramAtmaprakAzakA cintana karate haiM ve samasta mohako jItakara paramArthake jJAtA hote haiN| anya jo bhI bhavyajIva isa paramAtmaprakAzako jAnate hai ve bhI loka aura alokakA prakAza karanevAle jJAnako prApta kara lete haiM / isa grantha ke paThana-pAThanakA phala zuddha AtmatattvakI prApti hai / uparyukta kathana se itanA spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki joiMdu muni the aura inakA koI mumukSu ziSya bhaTTaprabhAkara thA / isIko sambodhita karane ke lie paramAtma: prakAzakI racanA kI gayI hai / 1. paramAtmaprakAza, rAyanazAstra mAlA, dohA - 2 / 211 / 2. paramAtmaprakAza - 2204-205 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 245

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samaya - nirNaya haoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene 'joiMdu' ke samayapara vistArapUrvaka vicAra kiyA hai / unake niSkarSa nimnaprakAra haiM pAripAtI TIkAyeM paramAtmaprakAzake dohe uddhRta 1 kiye hai| 2. caudahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI meM paramAtmaprakAzapara bAlacanda aura brahmadevane kramaza: kannar3a evaM saMskRta TIkAeM likhI haiM / 3. kundakundake samayasArake TIkAkAra jayasenane 12vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdhameM samayasAraTIkA meM paramAtmaprakAzakA eka dohA uddhRta kiyA hai 4. hemacandra muni rAmasiMhake dohe apane apabhraMzavyAkaraNameM uddhRta kiye haiN| rAmasiMhane joke yogasAra aura paramAtmaprakAzase bahutase dohe grahaNa kara apano racanAko samRddha banAyA hai / ataH jo iMdu hemacandra aura rAmacandra donoMse pUrvavartI haiN| 5. devasenakRta tattvasArake aneka padma paramAtmaprakAzake RNI hai / ata: joiMdu devasenase bhI pUrvavartI haiN| 6. caNDake prAkRtalakSaNameM 'yathA tathA manayoH sthAne' ke udAharaNameM nimnalikhita dohA prApta hotA hai kAla heviNu jozyA jima-jima mohU galei | dvimutimudaMsaNa lahai jiu niyame appu muNei' | arthAt joiMdu caNDake pUrvavartI haiN| para caNDake samayake sambandhameM abhI taka mataikya nahIM hai ! DaoN0 pI0 DI0 guNekA mata hai ki caNDa usa samaya hue haiM jaba apabhraMza bhASA kevala AbhIroMke bolacAlakI hI bhASA nahIM thI, apitu sAhityika bhASA ho cukI thI / arthAt IsAkI chaThIM zatAbdike pazcAt caNDakA samaya honA cAhie / anya vidvAnoMkA anumAna hai ki caNDake vyAkaraNako vyavasthita rUpa 7vIM zatAbdime prApta huA hai / ataeva joiMdukA samaya isake pUrva honA sambhava hai / katipaya vidvAnoMne to prAkRtalakSaNakA samaya I0 pUrva mAnA hai / para yaha tarkasaMgata nahIM hai / yataH joiMduke paramAtmaprakAza aura kundakundake granthoMke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai ki paramAtmaprakAza kundakundake mokSaprAbhRta aura pUjya 1. vahI, dohA 1185 / 246 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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pAdake samAdhitaMtrake tulya hai| paramAtmaprakAza (11121-124) meM AramAke tIna medoMkA varNana hai| yaha varNana mokSaprAbhUta (4-8) se milatA hai / samyakdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTiko paribhASAe~ bhI paramAtmaprakAza (1176-77) aura kundakundake mokSaprAmRta (14-15) meM samAna rUpase pAyI jAtI haiN| brahmadevane apanI saMskRtaTokAmeM 76 aura 77veM dohekA vyAkhyAna likhate hue ukta gApAe~ uddhRta ko haiM / isa prakAra nimnalikhita dohe aura gAthAeM samAna bhAvako haiMmokkhapAhuDa paramAtmaprakAza 24 gAthA 1186 dohA 37 gAthA 51 gAthA 21176-177 dohA pUjyapAdake samAdhitantra aura paramAtmaprakAzakI tulanAsamAdhitantra paramAtmaprakAza 4-5 padya 11-14 dohA 31 padya 22175; 1123 dohA 64-66 padya 2 / 178-180 dohA 70 padya 18. dohA samAdhitantra aura paramAtmaprakAza donoM granthoMmeM viSayagata aura zailIgata aneka samasAe' pAyI jAtI hai| vyAkaraNa honeke kAraNa pUjyapAdake udgAra saMkSiA, parimArjita aura vyavasthita haiN| pUjyapAdane samAdhitantrameM jisa tathyako saMkSepameM pratipAdita kiyA hai usa tathyako joiMdune vistArapUrvaka nirUpita kiyA hai| yahA~ tulanAke lie katipaya padya uddhRta kiye jAte haiM vaH parAtmA sa evAhaM yo'ha sa paramastataH / ahameva mayopAsyo nAnyaH kazciditi sthitiH // ... samAdhisantra, padma-31 jo paramappA gANamau so hara deu arNatu / jo hara so paramappu paru ehau bhAvi NibhaMtu // -paramAtmaprakAza, 20175 jIrNe vastre yathAtmAnaM na jINaM manyate tathA / jIrNe svadehe'pyAtmAnaM na jINaM manyate buSaH / / -samAdhisaMtra, paca-64 zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 247

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jiNi vatthi jema baha deha Na maNNai jiNNu / dehi jiNi gANi taha~ appu Na maNNai jiNNu // -paramAtmaprakAza, 22179 naSTe vastre yathAtmAnaM na naSTaM manyate tathA / naSTe svadahaDapyAtmAnaM na naSTaM manyate budhaH / / --samAdhitaMtra, pahA 65 yatyu paNa jema buhu dehu Na maNNai garcha / Na? dehe jANi taha appU Na maNNa Na81 --paramAtmaprakAza, dohA / 180 isa sulanAtmaka vivecanase nimnalikhita tIna niSkarSa prastuta hote haiM-(1) boiMdu pUjyapAda (I0 san chaThI zatI ke uttaravartI haiN| ' (2) joiMdu caNDake pUrvavartI haiN| yataH ghaNDane inake pUrvokta doheko udAharaNa ke rUpameM uddhRta kiyA hai / (3) ataeva joiMdukA samaya pUjyapAdake pazcAt aura caNDake pUrva arthAt chaThI zatIke pazcAt aura sAtavIM zatoke pUrva I0 sankI chaThI zatAbdIkA uttarAddha honA caahie| racanAeM paramparAse joiMduke nAmapara nimnalikhita racanAeM mAnI jAtI hai11) paramAtmaprakAza (apana za) (2) naukAravAvakAcAra (apabhraza) (3) yogasAra (apabhraMza) (4) adhyAtmasandoha (saMskRta) (5) subhASitataMtra (saMskRta) (6) tattvArthaTIkA (saMskRta) inake atirikta yogIndrake nAmapara dohApAhuDa (apabhraMza), amRtAzottI (saMskRta) aura nijAtmASTaka (prAkRta) racanAeM bhI prApta hotI haiM / para yathArthameM paramAtmaprakAza aura yogasAra do hI aisI racanAeM haiM jo nirdhAnta rUpase joiMdukI mAnI jA sakatI haiN| paramAtmaprakAza joiMdu adhyAtmavAdI haiM, kavi nhiiN| apabhraMzameM zuddha adhyAtmavicAroMkI 248 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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aisI sazakta abhivyakti anyatra nahIM mila sakatI hai 1 inake paramAtmaprakAzameM do adhikAra haiN| prathama adhikArameM 126 dohe aura dvitIyame 219 haiN| ina dohoMmeM kSepaka aura sthalasaMkhyAbAhyaprakSepaka bhI sammilita haiN| brahmadevake matAnusAra paramAtmaprakAzameM samasta 345 padya haiN| inameM pAMca gAthAe~, eka sragdharA aura eka mAlinI haiM kintu ina padyoMkI bhASA apabhraMza nahIM hai | eka catuSpadikA bhI hai aura zeSa 377 dohe haiM, jo apabhrazameM nibaddha haiN| viSaya-varNanako dRSTise prArambhake sAta padyoMmeM paMcaparameSThIko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| AThaveM, naveM aura dasarve dohema bhaTTaprabhAkara joiMduse nivedana karatA hai gau saMsAri vasaMtAha sAmiya kAlu aNaMtu | para maI kiM pi Na pattu suha dukkhu ji pattu mahaMtu // cau-gai-dukkhahaM tattAha~ jo paramappau koi| cau-gai-dukkha-viNAsayaru kahahu pasAeM so vi||' he svAmin ! isa saMsArameM rahate hue anantakAla bIta gayA, parantu maiMne kucha bhI sukha prApta nahIM kiyA, pratyut mahAn duHkha hI pAtA rahA / ata: cAroM gatiyoMke dukhoMse santapta prANiyoMke cAroM gati-sambandhI dukhoMkA vinAza karanevAle paramAtmAkA svarUpa batalAie / uttarameM joiMdUne AtmAke tIna bhedoMkA kathana kiyA hai--(1) mUDha (2) vicakSaNa aura (3) brahma / jo zarIrako hI AtmA mAnatA hai, vaha mada hai| jo zarIrase bhinna jJAnamaya paramAtmAko jAnatA hai, vaha vicakSaNa yA paNDita hai| jisane karmoM kA nAza kara zarIra Adi paradravyoMko chor3a jJAnamaya AtmAko prApta kara liyA hai vaha paramAtmA hai| joiMduke matase AtmA ho paramAtmA ho jAtI hai| nizcayanayase AtmA aura paramAtmAmeM koI antara nahIM hai / jaisA nirmala jJAnamaya deva mukti meM nivAsa karatA hai, vaisA hI paramabrahma zarIrameM nivAsa karatA hai / ataH donoMmeM bheda nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki joiMdune AtmAko brahmazabda dvArA abhihita kiyA hai, jisase unapara advetakA prabhAva mAlUma par3atA hai| 1. paramAtmaprakAza, 1 / 9-10 / 2. vahI, 1013-15 / 3. vahI, 1 / 26 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 249

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joiMdune AtmAke svarUpa aura AkArake sambandhameM vibhinna matoMkA nirdeza karate hue jaina dRSTikoNake sambandha meM batAyA hai| AtmAke sambandhameM nimnalikhita mAnyatAeM pracalita haiM, AcAyaMne ina mAnyatAoMkA anekAntavAdake AlokameM samanvaya kiyA hai 1. AtmA sarvagata hai| 2. AtmA jar3a hai| 3. AtmA zarIramANa hai| 4. AtmA zanya hai| 1. karmabandhanase rahita AtmA kevalajJAna ke dvArA lokAlokako jAnatI hai, ataH jJAnApekSayA sarvagata hai| 2. AramajJAnameM lIna jIya indriyajanita jJAnase rahita ho jAte haiM, ataH dhyAna aura samAdhiko apekSA jar3a hai| 3. zarIrabandhanase rahita hA zuddha jIva antimazarIrapramANa ho rahatA hai, na vaha ghaTatA aura na vaha bar3hatA hI hai, ataH zarIrapramANa hai| jisa zarIrako AtmA dhAraNa karatI hai, usI zarIrake AkArako ho jAto hai, ataeva pradezake saMhAra aura prasarapaNake kAraNa AtmA zarIrapramANa hai| 4, bhoka avasthA prApta karane para zuddha jIva AThoM karmoM aura aThAraha doSoMse zUnya ho jAtA hai, ataH use zUnya kahA gayA hai|' dvitIya adhikArameM mokSa, mokSakA phala evaM mokSake kAraNakA kathana kiyA gayA hai / prathama gyAraha gAthAoMmeM mokSa aura usake phalakA kathana AyA hai| pazcAt mokSake kAraNoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 'joindu'ne bhI kundakundake samAna samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritrako mokSakA kAraNa batalAkara ina tInoMko nizcayadRSTikI apekSAse AtmasvarUpa hI batalAyA hai| isake pazcAt samabhAvako prazaMsA ko gayI hai| joindune puNya aura pApakI samatA batalAte hue likhA hai ki jo jIva puNya aura pApako samAna nahIM mAnatA, vaha mohake vazIbhUta hokara cirakAla taka bhramaNa karatA hai| itanA ho nahIM apitu yaha bhI likhA hai ki vaha pApa acchA hai jo jIvako duHkha dekara mokSakI ora lagAtA hai| isI prakaraNameM puNyakI nindA bhI kI gayI hai / Ageke dohemeM AryazAntikA marA diyA gayA hai ! isa matameM basAyA gayA hai ki deva. zAstra aura muniyaroMkI bhakti se puNya hotA 1. paramAtmaprakAza 152-55 / 250 : sokara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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I hai, kamakA kSaya nahIM hotA, aisA AryazAnti mAnate haiM / bandanA, nindA, pratikramaNa Adiko puNyakA kAraNa batalAkara ekamAtra zuddhabhASako hai upAdeya batalAyA hai / yataH zuddhopayogIke ho saMyama, zIla aura tapa sambhava hai / jisako samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna prApta hai, usIke karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai / ataH zuddhopayoga hI pradhAna hai / cittakI zuddhike binA yogiyoMkA tIrthATana karanA, ziSya-praziSyoM kA pAlana-poSaNa karanA saba nirarthaka hai, jo jina liMga dhAraNa kara bhI parigraha rakhatA hai, vaha vamanake bhakSaNa karanevAleke samAna hai / nagnaveSa dhAraNa kara bhI bhikSAmeM miSTAna bhojana yA svAdiSTa bhojanakI kAmanA karanA doSakA kAraNa hai| AtmanirIkSaNa aura bAramazuddhi sarvadA apekSita hai / yogasAra yogasAra meM 108 dohe haiM / vayaM viSaya prAyaH paramAtmaprakAzake tulya hI haiM / ina dohoMmeM eka caupAI aura do soraThA bhI sammilita hai| apabhraMza bhASAme likhA gayA yaha grantha eka prakArase paramAtmaprakAzakA sAra kahA jA sakatA hai| isake prArambhameM bhI AtmAke unhIM tInoM bhedoMkA nirUpaNa AyA hai, jinakA paramAtmaprakAzameM nirdeza kiyA jA cukA hai| batAyA hai ki yadi jIva, tU AtmAko AtmA samajhegA, to nirvANa prApta kara legA / kintu yadi tu parapadArthoM ko AtmA mAnegA, to saMsArameM bhaTakegA ho / kundakundate karmavimukta AtmAko paramAtmA batalAte hue use jJAnI, parameSThI, sarvaza, viSNu, caturmukha aura buddha kahA hai / yogasArameM bhI usake jina, buddha, viSNu, ziva Adi nAma batalAye hai| joindune bho kundakundako taraha nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoMke dvArA AtmAkA kathana kiyA hai| yogasArameM ye donoM hI dRSTiya vizeSarUpase vidyamAna haiM Niei / dehA- devali deu jiNu jaNu devalihiM hAu mahU pasihAi ihu siddhe bhikkha bhameha // ahar kahA hai ki deva na devAlaya meM hai, na tortho meM / yaha to zarIra 1. bomasAra, vohA 12 2. pANI siba parameTThI samvaSNU vinlU caumUho buDho / appo vi ya paramappo kampadimukko ya hoha phUyaM // bhAvapAhuDa, phakTana saMskaraNa, gAthA 150 / 3. yogasAra, gAthA 43 / taghara aura sArasvatAcArya 251

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rUpI devAlayameM hai. yaha nizcayase jAna lenA cAhiye / jo vyakti zarIrake bAhara anya devAlayoMmeM devakI talAza karate haiM, unheM dekhakara haMsI AtI hai / yogasArake adhyayanase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki isakA viSaya kramabaddha nahIM hai| yaha eka saMgraha sA haiN| viSayanirUpaNaka liye kramabaddha zailIkA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai / phUTakara viSayokA saMkalana jaisA pratIta hotA hai / yathA viralA jANahi~ tattu buha viralA NisuNahiM tattu / viralA jhAyahiM tattu jiya viralA dhArahi~ tattu // virala jana tatvako samajhate haiM, virale hI tattvako sunate haiM, birale hI tattvakA dhyAna karate haiM aura virale hI tattvako dhAraNa karate haiN| yaha dohA apane sthAna para nahIM hai / khIMca-tAna kara kramabaddhatA siddha kara bhI dI jAya, to bhI ucita sthAna para isakA sambandha pratIta nahIM hotaa| 983 saMkhyaka dohemeM piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoMke nAma ginAye haiM / isake Age dohA 99se 103 taka sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi aura sUkSmasAmpadAgaya saMyamakA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| yahAM yathAkhyAtakA svarUpa chUTA huA hai / ansameM batAyA hai ki jo siddha ho cuke haiM, jo siddha hoMge aura jo vartamAnameM siddha ho rahe haiM, ve saba Atmadarzanase hI siddha hue haiM / yahI Atmadarzana isa granthakA mukhya pratipAdya viSaya hai / pratibhA aura vaiduSya ___ joindu kavikA apabhraMza bhASApara apUrva adhikAra hai| inhoMne apane ukta donoM granthoM meM AdhyAtmarasakA sundara citraNa kiyA hai / ye krAntikArI vicAradhArAke pravartaka haiN| isI kAraNa inhoMne bAhya ADambarakA vaNDana kara AtmajJAnapara jora diyA hai / kavine likhA hai tattAtattu maNevi maNi je thakkA sama-bhAvi / te para suhiyA ityu jagi jaha~ rai appa-sahAvi / / he jIva ! jisa mohase athavA moha utpanna karanevAlI vastuse manameM kaSAyabhAva utpanna hoM, usa mohako athavA moha-nibhisaka padArthako chor3a, tabhI mohaanita kaSAyake udayase chuTakArA prApta ho skegaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki viSayA1. yogasAra, gAthA 16 / 3. paramAtmaprakAza 2 / 4 / / 152 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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dika saba sAmagrI aura mithyAdRSTi pApiyoMkA saMga saba sarahase mohakaSAyako utpanna karate haiM / isase hI manameM kaSAyarUpI agni dahakatI rahatI hai, jo isakA tyAga karatA hai, vahI saccI zAnti aura sukhako pAtA hai / joindu kavikI apekSA adhyAtmazaktike nirUpaka adhika haiN| viSayAsakta jIvoMko paramAtmAkA darzana nahIM ho sktaa| ataeva jisane isa Asaktiko dUra kara diyA hai, usIke hRdayameM paramAtmAkA nivAsa sambhava hotA hai / AcArya isI tathyako spaSTa karate huye batalAte haiM "jasu hariNacchI hiyavaDae sasu Naci baMbhu viyAri | ekkahi kema samaMti vaDha be khaMDA paDiyAri / / Niya-maNi Nimmali gANiyaha Nivasai deu aNAI / haMsA saravari loNu jima mahu ehaja paDihAi' / jo viSayoM meM lIna hai, use paramAtmAkA darzana nahIM ho sktaa| vItarAma nirvikalpa paramasamAdhirUpa anAkulatA ho AnandakA kAraNa hai| jisake cittameM strIsambandhI vikAra hai, vaha zuddhAtmAmeM apaneko sthira nahIM kara sakatA / vikArI AtmA bakra mAnI jAtI hai aura vakra vastumeM saralakA praveza nahIM ho paataa| ataeva hAva-bhAva aura vinamase dUSita cittavAlA vyakti brahma yA AtmAkA vicAra nahIM kara sakatA hai| jJAniyoMke rAgAdimalarahita nija manameM anAdi deva arAdhane yogya zuddha AtmA nivAsa kara rahI hai| jisa prakAra mAnasarovarameM haMsa lIna huA basatA hai, usI prakAra jo zuddhAtmAmeM nivAsa karatA hai, usIke rAgAdi doSa dUra hote haiN| isa prakAra AcArya joindune adhyAtmatattvakA nirUpaNa apane donoM andhoMmeM kiyA hai| jaina rahasyavAdakA nirUpaNa rahasyavAdake rUpameM sarvaprathama inhIMse Arambha hotA hai| yoM to kundakunda, vaTTara aura zivAryako racanAoMmeM bhI rahasyavAdake tattva vidyamAna haiM, para yathArthata: rahasyavAdakA rUpa joindukI racanAoM meM hI milatA hai / vargasaune jisa rahasyAnubhUtikA svarUpa prastuta kiyA hai, vaha rahasyAnubhUti hameM inakI racanAoMmeM prApta hotI hai-"yadi saMsArake prati anAsaksi pUrNa ho jAya aura vaha apane kisI bhI aindriya pratyaya dvArA kiye kisI vyApArake prati cipake nahIM, to yahI eka kalAkArako AtmA hogI, jaisA ki saMsArane pahale dekhA na hogA / vaha yugapat samAnarUpase pratyeka kalAmeM pAraMgata hogA, 1. paramAtmapra0, dohA 1 / 121,122 / dhrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 153

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yA yoM kaheM ki vaha 'saba'ko 'eka' meM pariNata kara legA / vaha vastumAtrako usake sahaja zuddha rUpameM dekha legaa'|" paramAtmaprakAzake rahasyavAdameM AtmAnubhUti sambandhI vizeSatAke sAtha anya vizeSatAe~ bhI pAyI jAtI haiN| 1. AtmA aura paramAtmAke bIca pArasparika anubhUtikA sAkSAtkAra aura do ki ekattvakI prtiiti| 2. AtmAmeM paramAtmazaktikA pUrNa vizvAsa 3. dhyeya, dhyAtA yA jJeya-jJAtAmeM ekatvakA Aropa 4. sAMsArika viSayoMke prati udAsInatA 5. laukika jJAnake sAdhana indriya aura manako sahAyatAke binA ho pUrNa satyako jAna lenekI kSamatA / 6. sadhyAtmavAdakI rahasyavAdake rUpameM kalpanA / 7. nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayako dRSTiyoMse bhedAbhedakA vivaMcana / 8. puNya-pApako samatA tathA donoMko hI samAna rUpase tyAjya mAnaneko bhAvanAkA sNyojn| 9. anubhUti dvArA rasAsvAdakI prakriyAkA sthApana / isa prakAra joindu apabhraMzake aise sarvaprathama kavi haiM, jinhoMne krAntikArI vicAroM ke sAtha bhAsmika rahasyavAdako pratiSThA kara mokSakA mArga batalAyA hai| __ vaiduSyako dRSTise yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki inhoMne kundakunda aura pUjyapAdake AdhyAtmika granthoMkA adhyayana kara apane grantha-lekhanake liye viSaya-vastu grahaNa kI hai| pUrvAcAryoMkI mAnya paramparAko eka naye rUpameM hI upasthita kiyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki joindukA prabhAva apabhrazake kaviyoMke sAtha hindIke santa kaviyoM para bhI par3A hai| kabIrane jisa krAntikArI vicAradhArAkI pratiSThA ko hai, uzakA mUla srota joindukI racanAmeM pAyA jAtA hai / vimalasUri prAkRtike carita-kAvyake racayitAke rUpameM vimalasUri pahale kavi aura AcArya haiN| inase pUrva AcArya yativRSabhane apane 'siloyapaNNatti' granthameM triSaSThizalAkApuruSoMke mAtA-pitAoMke nAma, janmasthAna, janmanakSatra, Adi pramukha tathyoMkA saMkalana hI kiyA thA, para caritakAjyake rUpameM unhoMne koI grantha nahIM likhA hai| AcArya zivAryane bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM ArAdhakoMke nAma mAtra hI 1. kumArI evalina avahila di misTika dhe--pa. 15 / 154 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AghAyaM-paramparA

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diye haiM, carita nahIM / ataeva prAkRtameM carita-kAvya ke racayitAke rUpameM AcArya vimalasUrikA sthAna sabase Age hai / 'kuvalayamAlA' meM inake 'paumacariya kA ullekha honese vidita hotA hai ki vimalasUrikA 'paumacariya' vi0 saM0 835 ke lagabhaga paryApta prasiddhi pA cukA thA / jIvana-paricaya vimalasUrine granyAnta meM apanI prazasti aMkita kI hai| isa prazastike anusAra ye AcArya rAhu ke praziSya, vijayake ziSya aura 'nAila kula' ke vaMzaja the / nAila kulake sambandha meM muni kalyANavijayajIkA anumAna hai ki nAila kula nAgila kula athavA nagendra kula hai| isakA astitva 12vIM zatAbdI taka prApta hotA hai / 12vIMse 15vIM zatAbdI taka yaha nagendra gacchake nAmase prasiddha rahA hai / isa gacchake AcArya ekAntaH saMpradAyakA anukaraNa nahIM karate the / inake vicAra udAra rahate the / yahI kAraNa hai ki vidvAnoMne inheM yApanIya saMghakA anuyAyI mAnA hai / likhA hai ki vimalasUrikI digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoMke prati udAratAkA mukhya kAraNa unakA yApanIya saMghakA anuyAyI honA hai| zrI bI0 ema0 kularuffa niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki AcArya vimalasUri yApanIya saMghake the / 4 yApanIya saMghakA sAhitya paryApta mAtrA meM prApta hotA hai| yaha sampradAya darzanasArake karttA devasena surike anusAra vi0 saM0 205 meM sthApita pratIta hotA hai| kadamba, rASTrakUTa aura dUsare vaMzake rAjAoMne isa saMghako bhUmi ityAdi dAna meM dI hai / zvetAmbarAcArya haribhadrasUrine bhI apane lalitavistara graMtha meM pApanIya tantrakA sammAna pUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai / yApanIya saMghakA astitva vikramI 15vIM zatAbdI taka prApta hotA hai / kAgabAr3eke abhilekhase yApanIya saMghake dharmakIrti aura nAgacandrake samAdhi le lenekA ullekha gayA hai / ataH bahuta sambhava hai ki vikramako 15vIM - 16vIM zatAbdI ke pazcAt isa saMghakA lopa huA hogA / velagAMvake doDavastI abhilekha se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki yApaniyoM dvArA pratiSThita pratimA digambaroM dvArA pUjI jAtI thI / ataH yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki yApanIya saghake AcArya digambaroM meM pratiSThita yA mAnya the | 1. kuvalayamAlA, anuccheda 6, pR0 4 / 2. paumacariyaM prathama bhAga, sampAdaka, DaoN0 harmana jekovI, inTroDakzana, pU0 15 / 3 vahI, pR0 18 / 4. kallANe varaNagare duSNisae paMjauttare jAye / jAyaNiya saMghabhAvo sirikalasAdo hu sevaDado darzanasAra, gAyA 29 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 155

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yahI kAraNa hai ki vimalasUrine 'paumacariya meM digambara paramparAke anusAra tathyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai | lekhakane kathAkI utthAnikA zreNikake praznottara dvArA hI upasthita kI hai, jo ki digambarAcAyoMko vizeSatA hai| isake atirikta anya tathya bhI digambara sampradAya ke anusAra samAviSTa haiN| yathA 1. mahAvIrakA avivAhita rahanA 2. silAke garbha meM mahAvIrakA AnA 3. sthAvara kAya ke 5 bheToM kI mAnyatA 4. caudaha kulakaroM kI mAnyatA 5. caturtha zikSAvrata meM samAdhimaraNakA grahaNa 6. RSabha dvArA acelaka vratakA apanAyA jAnA 7. sAta naraka aura solaha svargoM kI mAnyatA 8. strImukti sambanmeM mauna 9. kevIke kavalAhArakA abhAva 10. aSTadravyadvArA pUjanavidhi inake atirikta zvetAmbara mAnyatAeM bhI isa grantha meM upalabdha hai| digambara mAnyatA ke solaha svapnoMke sthAnapara caudaha svapnoMkA mAnA jAnA, bharata cakravartIke 96 hajAra rAniyoMke sthAnapara 64 hajAra rAniyoMkI kalpanA, AzIrvAdike rUpameM guruoM yA muniyoM dvArA dharmalAbha zabdakA prayoga kiyA jAnA Adi aise tathya haiM, jinase zvetAmbara mAnyatAkI puSTi hotI hai / vastusthiti yaha hai ki vimalasUrine rAmakathAkA vaha rUpa aMkita kiyA hai, jo digambara zvetAmbara donoMko abhipreta hai / saMkSepameM vimalasUri yApanIya sampradAyake anuyAyI hai / samaya-nirdhAraNa vimalasUrine 'paumacariya' ko prazastimeM apane samayakA aMkana kiyA hai / usake AdhArapara inakA samaya I0 san prathama zatI hai, para granthake antaH parIkSaNase yaha samaya ghaTita nahIM hotA hai / ataH jaikovo aura anya vidvAnoMne inakA samaya I0 san cauthI, pA~cavIM zatAbdI mAnA hai / vimalasUrake 'aumacariya' ke AdhAra para raviSeNane saMskRta 'padmacaritaM' kI racanA kI hai aura isakA racanAkAla I0 san 9vIM zatAbdI hai / ata: vimalasUrikA samaya 7vIM zatAbdI ke pUrva honA cAhiye / vimalasUrine jisa parimArjita mahArASTrI prAkRtakA prayoga isa grantha meM kiyA hai, bhASAkA vaha rUpa I0 san 156 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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dvitIya zatAbdIke pazcAtkA hI hai / ataeva bhASA aura zailokI dRSTise vimalasarike samayakI pUrvAvadhi I0 san dvitIya zatAbdI mAnI jA sakatI hai| isa granthameM ujjainake svatantra rAjA sihodarakA ullekha AyA hai, jisakA dazapurake bhRtya rAjAke sAtha yuddha huA thaa| yaha isa granthako I0 san dUsarI zatIke pUrvakA siddha nahIM karatA hai / yataH yaha yuddha mahAkSatripoMko ora saMketa karatA hai| zrIzaila aura zrIparvatavAsiyoMkA ullekha tRtIya zatIke Andhra dezake zrIparvatIya idhvAku rAjAoMkA smaraNa karAtA hai| Ananda logoMkA ullekha tIsarI-cauthI zatIke AnandavaMzakI ora saMketa karatA hai| donArakA nirdeza bhI isa racanAko guptakAlIna siddha karatA hai / apabhraMza bhASAkA prabhAva aura uttarakAlIna chandoMkA prayoga isa racanAko tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdIkA siddha karatA hai| jaikobI ne bhI yahI samaya mAnA hai / ataeva saMkSepamaM vimalasUrikA samaya I0 san cautho zatAbdIke lagabhaga mAnanA cAhiye / racanAe~ _ vimalasUrikI do racanAe~ mAnI jAtI rahI haiM, 'paumacariya' aura 'harivaMsacaripaM' / para aba kucha vidvAn 'harivaMsariya'ko vimalasUrikI racanA nahIM mAnate haiM / unakA abhimata hai ki vimalasuriko eka hI racanA hai 'paumariyaM', yaha dUsarI racanA bhrAntivaza hI unako mAna lI gayI hai| paumacariya isa granthameM 118 sarga hai aura sAsa adhikAroM meM samasta vAthAvastu aMkita hai| sthiti, vaMzasamutpatti, prasthAna, labAMkuzotpatti, nirvANa aura aneka bhava ina sAta adhikAroMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai aura samasta rAmakathAkA samAveza ina sAta adhikAroMmeM hI kiyA hai| __ kathAvastu-ayodhyA nagarIke adhipati mahArAja dArathakI apagajitA aura amitrA do rAniyAM thIM / eka samaya nAradane dazarathasa kahA ki Apake putra dvArA sotAke nimitta gayaNakA baMdha honekI bhaviSyavANI sunakara vibhISaNa Apako mArane A rahA hai| nAradase isa sUcanAko prApta kara dazaratha chadmavezameM rAjadhAnI chor3akara cale gye| saMyogavaza kaikayIka svayaMbarameM pace / kaikayIne dazarathakA varaNa kiyA, jisase anya rAjakumAra mapra hokara yuddha karaneke lie taiyAra ho gaye / yuddha meM dazarathake ravakA saMcAlana kaikayIne bar3I kuzalatAke sAtha kiyA, jisase dazaratha vijayo hue / ataH prasanna hokara dazarathane kaikayIko eka varadAna diyaa| zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 257

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aparAjitA ke garbha se eka putrakA janma huA, jisakA mukha padma jaisA sundara honese padma nAma rakhA gyaa| inakA dUsarA nAma rAma hai, jo padmako apekSA adhika prasiddha hai / isI prakAra sumitrAse lakSmaNa aura kekayIke garbhase bharatakA janma huA / eka bAra rAma - padma ardha-barbaroMke AkramaNa se janakakI rakSA karate haiM, janaka prasanna ho apanI aurasa putrI sItAkA sambandha rAmake sAtha taya karate haiM / janakake putra bhAmaNDalako zaizavakAlameM hI candragati vidyAdhara haraNa kara le jAtA hai| yuvA hone para ajJAnatAvaza sItAse use moha utpanna ho jAtA hai / candragati janakase bhAmaNDala ke liye sItAkI yAcanA karatA hai / janaka asamaMjasameM par3a jAte haiM aura sItA svayaMvarameM dhanuSayajJa racate haiM / sItAke sAtha rAmakA vivAha ho jAtA hai / dazaratha rAmako rAjya dekara bharata sahita dIkSA dhAraNa karanA cAhate haiM / kaikayI bharatako gRhastha banAye rakhaneke hetu varadAna svarUpa dazarathase bharatake rAjyAbhiSekakI yAcanA karatI hai, dazaratha bharatako rAjya deneke liye taiyAra ho jAte hai | bharatake dvArA AnAkAnI karane para bhI rAma unheM svayaM samajhAbujhAkara rAjyAdhikArI banAte haiM aura svayaM apanI icchA se lakSmaNa tathA sItA ke sAtha vana cale jAte haiM / dazaratha zramaNadIkSA dhAraNa kara karane lagate haiN| idhara aparAjitA aura sumitrA apane putrake viyoga se bahuta duHkho hotI haiM ! kaikayIse yaha dekhA nahIM jAtA, ataH vaha pAriyAtra vanameM jAkara unako lauTAne kA prayatna karatI hai, para rAma apanI pratijJA para aTala rahate haiM / jaba rAma daNDakAraNya vanameM pahu~cate haiM, to lakSmaNako eka dina talavArakI prApti hotI hai| usakI zaktikI parIkSAke liye ve eka jhuramuTako kATate haiM / asAvadhAnIse zaMbukakI hatyA ho jAtI hai, jo ki usa jhuramuTa meM tapasyA kara rahA thaa| zaMbukakI mAtA candranakhA, jo rAvaNakI bahana thI, putrakI khojameM vahA~ A jAtI hai / vaha rAjakumAroMko dekhakara prathamataH kSubdha hotI hai, pazcAt unake rUpase mohita hokara vaha donoM bhAiyoMmeMse kisI eka ko apanA pati bananekI yAcanA karatI hai| rAma-lakSmaNa dvArA candranakhAkA prastAva ThukarAye jAne para vaha kruddha hokara apane pati kharadUSaNako ulTA sIdhA samajhAkara unake vadhake liye bhejatI hai / idhara rAvaNa bhI apane bahanoIkI sahAyatAke liye vahIM pahu~catA hai| rAvaNa sItA ke saundarya para mugdha ho rAma aura lakSmaNakI anupasthiti meM sItAkA haraNa kara letA hai| kharadUSaNako mAraneke anantara rAma sItAko na pAkara bahuta duHkhI hote haiM / usI samaya eka vidyAdhara virAdhita rAmako 258 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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apanI paitRka rAjadhAnI pAtAlapura laMkA meM le jAtA hai, jise kharadUSaNane virAcitake pitAkA vadha kara chIna liyA thA / sugrIca apanI patnI tArAko viTasugrIvake caMgulase bacAne ke liye rAmakI zaraNa meM jAtA hai aura rAma sugrIvake zatru viTasugrIvako parAjita kara vAnaravaMzI sugrIvakA upakAra karate haiN| lakSmaNa sugrIva kI sahAyatAse rAvaNakA vadha karate haiM / sItAko sAtha lekara rAma lakSmaNa sahita ayodhyA lauTa Ate haiM / ayodhyA lauTane para kekayI aura bharata dIkSA dhAraNa karate haiN| rAma svayaM rAjA na banakara lakSmaNako rAjya dete haiN| kucha samaya pazcAt sItA garbhavatI hotI hai, para lokApavAdake kAraNa rAma unakA nirvAsana karate haiN| saMyogavaza puMDarIkapurakA rAjA sItAko bhayAnaka aTavIse le jAkara apane yahA~ bahanakI taraha rakhatA hai / vahA~ para lavaNa aura aMkuzakA janma hotA hai / ve deza vijaya karaneke pazcAt apane duHkhakA badalA leneke liye rAma para car3hAI karate haiM, aura antameM pitAke sAtha unakA premapUrvaka samAgama hotA hai| sItAkI agniparIkSA hotI hai jisameM vaha niSkalaMka siddha hoto hai aura uso samaya sAdhvI bana jAtI hai / lakSmaNa kI akasmAt mRtyu ho jAne para rAma zokAbhibhUta ho jAte haiM aura bhrAtRmohameM unakA zava uThAkara idhara-udhara bhaTakate haiM, taba ve dIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiM aura kaThora tapa karake nirvANa prApta karate haiM / f samIkSA- isa caritakAvya meM paurANika prabandha aura zAstrIya prabandha donoMke lakSaNoMkA samAveza hai / vAlmIki rAmAyaNakI kathAvastumeM kicit saMzodhana kara yathArtha buddhivAdako pratiSThA kI hai| rAkSasa aura vAnara ina donoMko nRvaMzIya kahA hai| meghavAhanane laMkA tathA anya dvIpoMkI rakSA kI thI ataH rakSA karaneke kAraNa usake vaMzakA nAma rAkSasa vaMza prasiddha huA / vidyAdhara rAjA amaraprabhane apanI prAcIna paramparAko jIvita rakhane ke lie mahaloMke toraNoM aura dhvajAoM para vAnaroMkI AkRtiyA~ aMkita karAyI thIM tathA unheM rAjyacihnako mAnyatA dI, ataH usakA vaMza bAnaravaMza kahalAyA / ye donoM vaMza daitya aura pazu nahIM the, balki mAnavajAtike hI gaMzavizeSa the / isI prakAra indra, soma, varuNa ityadi deva nahIM the, balki vibhinna prAntoMke mAnavavaMzI sAmanta the | rAvaNako usakI mAtAne no maNiyoM kA hAra pahanAyA, jisase usake mukhake nau pratibimba dRzyamAna honeke kAraNa pitAne usakA nAma I dazAnana rakhA / isI prakAra hanumAna vidyAdhara rAjA prahlAdake putra pavanaJjaya aura unakI patnI aMjanA sundarIke aurasa putra the / sUryako phala samajhakara hanumAna dvArA zrutaSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 259

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grasita kiye jAnekA vRttAnta isa caritakAvya meM nahIM hai| hanuruhapurameM janma honeke kAraNa unakA nAma hanumAna rakhA gayA thA / sItAko utpatti bhI halakI nokase bhUmi khode jAne para nahIM huI hai / vaha to rAjA janaka aura unakI patnI videhAkI svAbhAvika aurasa putrI thI / hanumAna koI parvata uThAkara nahIM lAye / ve vizalyA nAmaka eka strI cikitsakako ghAyala lakSmaNa kI cikitsA ke lie sammAnapUrvaka lAye the / caritakAvyakA sabase pradhAna guNa nAyakake caritrakA utkarSa dikhalAnA hai ! dazaratha dvArA bharatako rAjya denekA samAcAra sunakara rAma apane pitAko dhairya dete hue kahate haiM ki pitAjI Apa apane vacanakI rakSA kreN| maiM nahIM cAhatA ki mere kAraNa ApakA lokameM apayaza ho / jaba bharata rAjya grahaNa karanemeM AnAkAnI karate haiM, taba rAma unheM apane pittAko vimala kIrti banAye rakhane aura mAtAke vacanako rakSA karanekA parAmarza dete haiM / jaba bharata anurodha svIkAra nahIM karate, to rAma svayaM hI apanI icchAse vana cale jAte haiN| yaha nAyakakI svAbhAvika udAratAkA nidarzana hai / yuddhake samaya jaba vibhISaNa rAmase kahatA hai ki vidyAsAdhanA meM dhyAnamagna rAvaNako kyoM nahIM bandI banA liyA jAe, taba rAya kSAtradharma batalAte hue kahate haiM ki dharma-karttavyameM lage vyaktiko ghokhese bandI banAnA anucita hai / paristhitivaza lokApavAdake bhayase rAma sItAkA nirvAsana karate haiM / kintu sItAke agniparIkSAke anantara rAma bahuta pachatAte haiM aura kSamA yAcanA karate haiN| rAvaNa svayaM dhArmika aura vratI puruSa aMkita kiyA gayA hai / sotAkI sundaratA para mohita hokara rAvaNane apaharaNa avazya kiyA, kintu sotAko icchA ke viruddha usapara kabhI balAtkAra karanekI icchA nahIM kI jaba mandodarIne balapUrvaka sItAke sAtha durAcAra karanekI salAha rAvaNako do, to usane uttara diyA- "yaha saMbhava nahIM hai, merA vrata hai ki meM kisI bhI strIke sAtha usakI icchA ke viruddha balAtkAra nahIM karUMgA" / vaha sItAko loTA denA cAhatA thA, kintu loga kAyara na samajha leM, isa bhayase nahIM lauTAtA / usane manameM nizcaya kiyA thA ki yuddhameM rAma aura lakSmaNako jItakara parama vaibhavake sAtha sItAko vApasa kruuNgaa| isase usakI kIrtimeM kalaMka nahIM lagegA aura yaza bhI ujjavala ho jAyagA / rAvaNakI yaha vicAradhArA rAvaNake caritrako udAttabhUmi para le jAtI hai| vAstavameM vimalasUrine rAvaNa jaise pAtroMke caritrako bhI unnata dikhalAyA hai / 260 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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dazaratha rAmake viyogameM apane prANoMkA tyAga nahIM karate, balki nirbhayaarekI taraha dIkSA grahaNa kara tapazcaraNa karate haiN| kaikeyI IrSyAvaza bharatako rAjya nahIM dilAtI, kintu pati aura putra donoMko dIkSA grahaNa karate dekhakara usako mAnasika pIr3A hotI hai / ataH vAtsalyabhAva se prerita ho apane putrako gRhasthI meM bA~dha rakhanA cAhatI hai| rAma svayaM vana jAte haiM, ve svayaM bharatako rAjA banAte haiN| rAmake vanase lauTane ke pazcAt kekayo prabrajita ho jAtI hai aura rAmase kahatI hai ki bharata ko abhI bahuta kucha sIkhanA haiM / bharatake dIkSita ho jAnepara vaha ghara meM nahIM raha pAtI, isI kAraNa zAntilAbhake lie vaha dIkSita hotI hai| isa prakAra 'paumacariyaM" ke sabhI pAtroMkA udAtta caritra aMkita kiyA gayA hai / yaha prAkRta kA sarvaprathama carita mahAkAvya hai / isakI bhASA mahArASTrIya prAkRta hai, jisapara yatra-tatra apabhraMzakA prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai / bhASA meM pravAha tathA saralatA hai| varNanAnukUla bhASA khoja, mAdhurya aura prasAda guNa se yukta hotI gayI hai / upamA, rUpaka, utprekSA, arthAntaranyAsa, kAvyaliGga, zleSa mAdi alaMkAroMkA pracura prayoga pAyA jAtA hai / varNana saMkSipta honepara bhI mArmika hai, jaise dazarathake kaMcukIko vRddhAvasthA, sItAharaNapara rAmakA krandana, yuddhake pUrva rAkSasa sainikoM dvArA apanI priyatamAoMse vidA lenA, laMkAmeM vAnara senAkA praveza honepara nAgarikoM ko ghabar3AhaTa aura bhAgadaur3a, lakSmaNakI mRtyuse rAmakI unmatta avasthA Adi / mAhiSmatIke rAjAkI narmadAmeM jalakrIr3A tathA kulAGganAoM dvArA gavAkSoMse rAvaNako dekhanekA varNana bhI manohara hai / samudra, vana, nadI, parvata, sUryodaya, sUryAsta, Rtu, yuddha Adike varNana mahAkAvyoMke samAna hai / ghaTanAoMkI pradhAnatA honeke kAraNa varNana lambe nahIM haiM / bhAvAtmaka aura rasAtmaka varNanoMkI kamI nahIM hai / isa carita mahAkAvyako nimna pramukha vizeSatAeM haiM(1) kRtrimatAkA abhAva / (2) rasa, bhAva aura alaMkAroMkI svAbhAvika yojanA | (3) prasaMgAnusAra karkaza yA komala dhvaniyoM kA prayoga / (4) bhAvAbhivyakti meM saralatA aura svAbhAvikatAkA samAveza | (5) caritoMkI tarkasaMgata sthApanA / (6) buddhivAdakI pratiSThA / (7) udAttatAke sAtha caritoMmeM svAbhAvikatAkA samavAya / (8) kathAke nirvAha ke liye mukhya kathAke sAtha avAntara kathAoM kA prayoga | zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 261

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(9) mahAkAvyocita garimAkA pUrNa nirvAha (10) saundarya ke upakaraNoMkA kAvyatvavRddhike hetu prayoga | (11) Arya jIvanakA akRtrima aura sAGgopAGga varNana / (12) sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika paristhitiyoMpara pUrNa prakAza / AcArya RSiputra jenAcArya RSiputra jyotiSake prakANDa vidvAn the| inake vaMzAdikakA samyak paricaya nahIM milA hai| itanA hI patA calA hai ki ye jainAcArya gargake putra the / garga jyotiSazAstra ke prakANDa vidvAn hai / inakA eka grantha qhudA baszakhA~ pablika lAibrerI paTanA meM 'pAzakevalI' nAmakA hai / grantha to azuddha hai, para viSayakI dRSTise mahattvapUrNa hai / isa granthakI antima prazasti meM batAyA hai jaina AsIjjagadvaMdyo garmanAmA mahAmuniH / tena svayaM nirNIta yaM satpAzAtrakevalI // etajjJAnaM mahAjJAnaM jaina SibhirudAhRtam | prakAzya zuddhazIlAya kulInAma mahAtmanA // " zano'guhalikAM dattvA pUjApUrvakamaghavA kumAroM bhavyAsthAsane sthApayitvA pAzako DhAlApyate pazcAcchubhAzubhaM bravIti - iti gargenAmA maharSiviracitaH pAzakevalI sampUrNa: " / ina paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai ki gargAcArya jyotiSazAstra ke vizeSajJa the ! sambhava hai ki inhIMke vaMza meM AcArya RSiputra utpanna hue hoN| jainettara jyotiSa grantha 'vArAhisaMhitA' aura 'adbhuta sAgara' meM inake vacana uddhRta haiN| isase inakI vidvattApara prakAza par3atA hai / AcArya RSiputrake vacana vArAhasaMhitAkI bhaTTotpaliTIkA meM bhI uddhRta hai / ata: inakI prasiddhikA bhI isIse anumAna hotA hai / bhaTTotpali- TIkA meM inakI gaNanA jyotiSa ke prAcIna AcArya AryabhaTTa, kaNAda, kAzyapa, kapila, garga, pArAzara, balabhadra aura bhadrabAhu ke sAtha kI gayI hai / isase RSiputra prAcIna evaM prabhAvaka AcArya jJAta hote haiM / sambhavataH gargake putra honeke kAraNa hI ye RSiputra kahe gaye haiM / inakA nivAsasthAna ujjainIke Asa-pAsa hI pratIta hotA hai| Catalogus catajagorum meM RSiputra saMhitAkA bhI ullekha AyA hai / madanaratna nAmaka granthameM bhI RSiputra saMhitAkA kathana prApta hotA hai / inheM nimittazAstra, zakunazAstra tathA grahoM kI sthiti dvArA bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna kAlIna phala, bhUzodhana, dikzodhana, zalyo 262 : doSaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bAra, melApaka, AyAdyAnayana, gRhopakaraNa, gRhapraveza, ulkApAta, gandharvanagara evaM grahoMke udayAstakA phala Adi bAtoMkA pratipAdaka kahA gayA hai / RSiputrane apane nimittazAstrameM jina tattvoMkA ullekha kiyA hai yA jo gaNitake saMketa diye haiM, ujjayinIke rekhAMza aura akSAMza dvArA ghaTita hote haiM / ataeva inakA janmasthAna ujjayinI honA sambhava hai| . bhaTTotpali-TokAmeM rAhucArake pratipAdana sandarbha meM RSiputrake vacana nimna prakAra uddhRtta milate haiM yAvatoM'zAn asitvendorudayatyastameti vA / tAvatoM'zAn pRthivyAstu tama eva vinAzayet / / udaye'stamaye vApi sUryasya grahNa bhavet / tadA nRpabhayaM vidyAt paracakrasya cAgamam // ciraM gRhNAti somArko sarvaM vA nasate yadA / hanyAt sphItAn janapadAn variSThAMzca janAdhipAn / / greSmeNA jala jovanti darAgvAnumaneTa bA / bhayabhikSarogazca sampIDyante prajAstathA / / -savi0 bR. pR0 134-135 uparyukta padya AcArya RSiputrake nAmase adbhutasAgarake "rAhoradbhutavAttaH" nAmaka adhyAya meM 'atha ciragrAsasarvagrAsayoH phalam tatra RSiputraH' likhakara do sthAnoMpara uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| ina zlokoMmeM "zasyairna tatra jIvanti narA mUlaphalodakaH' itanA pATha aura adhika milatA hai / inhIM padyoMse milatA-julatA varNana inake "prAkRtanimittazAstra meM hai, para vahA~ko gAthAe chAyA nahIM haiN| ataH itanA spaSTa hai ki RSiputrake jyotiSaviSayaka granthoMkA prAcIna bhAratameM paryApta pracAra rahA hai| unake uttarakAlIna AcAryo ne inake siddhAntoMko apane granthoMmeM uddhRta kara apane vacanoMkI prAmANikatA ghaTita kI hai| samaya nirdhAraNa AcArya RSiputrake samaya-nirdhAraNameM bhAratIya jyotiSazAstrake saMhitAsambandhI itihAsase bahuta sahAyatA milatI hai, kyoMki yaha paramparA zaka saMvat 400 se vikasita rUpameM prApta hai / varAhamihirane (zaka saMvat 427, I0 san 448) bRhajjAtakake 26veM adhyAyake 5veM padya meM kahA hai.-"munimatAnyavalokya samyagnorAM varAhamihiro rucirAM cakAra / " isa uddharaNase yaha spaSTa hai ki 'varAhamihira ke pUrva horA aura saMhitA sambandhI grantharAzi vartamAna thii| yahI ghutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 263

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kAraNa hai ki bRhajjAsakameM maya, yavana, viSNugupta, devasvAmI, siddhasena, jIvazarmA evaM satyAcArya Adi kaI maharSiyoMke vacanoMkI samIkSA kI gayI hai / saMhitAzAstrako praur3ha racanAe~ varAhamihirase Arambha hotI haiN| varAhamihirake bAda kalyANavarmAne zaka saMvat 500 ke Asa-pAsa sArAvalI nAmaka horA grantha banAyA, jisameM unhoMne varAhamihirake samAna aneka AcAryoM ke nAmollekhake sAtha kanakAcArya aura devakAttirAjakA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / saMhitA-sambandhI aneka viSaya bhI sArAvalI meM pAye jAte haiM / isa yugameM aneka jaina evaM jenetara AcAryone saMhitAsambandhI prauda racanAe~ likhIM haiN| ina racanAoMkI paraspara tulanA karane para pratIta hogA ki inameM ekakA dUsare granthapara paryApta prabhAva hai / kaI viSaya samAnarUpameM pratipAdita kiye gaye hai| udAharaNake lie garga, varAhamihira aura RSiputrake eka-eka padya uddhRta kiye jAte haiM zazizoNitavarNAbho, yadA bhavati bhAskaraH / tadA bhavanti saMgrAmA, ghorA rudhirakadamAH / / -garga zizirudhinibhe bhAno nabhaHsthale bhavanti saMgrAmAH / -varAhamihira sasilohivaNNahori saMkuNa itti hoi NAyabbo ! saMgAma puNa ghoraM khaggaM suro NivedeI / -RSiputra isI prakAra candramA dvArA pratipAdita kiye gaye phalameM bhI samAnatA hai| RSiputra nimittazAstrakA candraprakaraNa sohatAke candrAcAra adhyAyase prAyaH milatA-julatA hai / isa prakAra ke phala pratipAdanakI prakriyA zaka saMvatkI 5-6vIM zatAbdI meM pracalita thI / vRddhagarga ke aneka padya RSiputrake nimittazAstrase milate-julate haiN| kRSNe zarIre somasya zadrANAM vadhamAdizet / pIte zarIre somasya dhezyAnAM vadhamAdizet / / rakte zarIre somasya rAjJAM ca vadhamAdizet / -vRddhagarga vippANaM dei bhayaM vAhiraNo tahA NivedeI / pIlo rekhattiyaNAsaM dhUsaravaNNo ya vayasANaM / / 3 / / kiNho suddaviNAso cittalavaNNo ya havai payaheU / dahikhIrasaMkhavaNNo samhi ya pAhido caMdo // 393 -RSiputra nimittazAstra 264 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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uparyukta tulanAtmaka vivecanakA tAtparya yahI hai ki saMhitAkAlako prAyaH sabhI racanAeM viSayako dRSTi se samAna haiM / isa kAlake lekhakoMne navIna bAteM bahuta kama kahIM haiM | phalapratipAdanako praNAlI gaNitapara Azrita na hone ke kAraNa bAhya nimittAdhIna rahI hai| isa kAlake granthoMmeM bhIma, divya aura antarikSa, ina tIna prakArake nimittokA vizeSarUpase varNana kiyA hai / yathA divyAntarikSaM bhImaM tu trividhaM parikIrtitam | adbhutasAgara pR0 6 bArAho saMhitA meM ina tInoM nimittoM ke sambandhameM likhA hai ki "bhaumaM cirasthirabhavaM tacchAntibhirAhataM zamamupaiti / nAmasamamupaiti mRdutAM kSati na divyaM badantyeke" // isI prakAra AcArya RSiputrane -- "je diTTha bhuvirasapaNa je diTThA kuha meNakattA / sadasaMkulena diTThA vakasaTTiya eNa mArNAdhiyA" / ityAdi likhA hai | ataeva saMhitAkAlakI ukta racanAoMke adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai ki I0 san 5vIM - 6ThI zatI meM RSiputrane apanA nimittazAstra likhA hogA / nimittazAstrake atirikta saMskRta meM bhI inakI koI saMhitAviSayaka racanA rahI hai, jisake uddha raNa bhaTTotpalI, adbhutasAgara, zakunasAroddhAra, vasantarAjazAkuna prabhRti granthoMmeM pAye jAte haiN| ina granthoMkA racanAkAla aura saMkalanakAla I0 san dazavIMgyArahavIM zatI hai| ataeva RSiputrake samaya kI avadhi dazavIM zatI sambhava hai / gargAcArya aura RSi kI racanAoM meM samatA rahaneke kAraNa inake samayakI nicalI avadhi I0 san pAMcavIM zatI hai / isI prakAra varAhamihirako racanAoMke sAtha samatA rahane se bhI paJcama zatI samaya AtA hai / RSiputrakA samaya jJAta karane ke lie eka anya pramANa yaha hai ki adbhutasAgara meM RSiputrake nAmase kucha padya prApta hote haiM, jisase unakA varAhamihirase pUrvavattitva siddha hotA hai-- ukta RSiputreNa - gargaziSyA yathA prAhustathA vakSyAmyataH param / bhImabhAgaMbarA ketavo yAmino grahAH // AkrandasAriNAmindurye zeSA nAgarAstu te / gurusaurabudhAneva nAgarAnAha devalaH // parAn ghUmena sahitAn rAhubhAgavalohitAn / ina padyoM meM gargaziSya aura devala ina do vyaktiyoMke nAmAMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ garmaziSyase kona sA vyakti abhipreta hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, para dvitIya vyakti devalakI racanAoMka dekhane se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha varAhamihira ke pUrvavartI haiM, kyoMki adbhutasAgara ke prArambhameM jyotiSake nirmAtA zrutavara aura sArasvatAzvAnaM : 265

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AcAryokI nAmAvalI kAlakramake hisAbase dI gayI pratIta hotI hai| isameM vRddhagarga, garga, pArAzara, vaziSTha, vRhaspati, sUrya, vAdarAyaNa, pIlukAcArya, nRpaputra, devala, kAzyapa, nArada, yavana, varAhamihira, vasantarAja Adi AcAryoM ke nAma Aye haiN| isase dhvanita hotA hai ki AcArya RSiputra devalake pazcAt aura varAhamihirake pUrvavartI haiN| donoMkI racanA-paddhatise bhI yaha bheda prakaTa hotA hai, kyoMki viSayapratipAdanakI jitanI gambhIratA varAhamihirameM pAyI jAtI hai, utanI unake pUrvavartI AcAryoM meM nhiiN| yadi Catalogus Catalasorum ke anusAra AcArya RSiputrake pitA jainAcArya gagaM mAna liye jAye, taba to unakA samaya nirvivAda rUpase I0 san kI cauthI zatI hai, kyoMki gargAcArya varAhamihirase kama-se-kama sau varSa pahale hue haiM / gargasiddhAntake tatva udayakAlIna jyotiSa-tattvoMke samakakSa haiN| isa hisAbase RSiputrakA samaya I0 san caturtha zatIkA madhya bhAga AtA hai| bhaTTotpalakA samaya zaka saM0 888 aura adbhutasAgarake saMkalayitA mithilAdhipati mahArAja lakSmaNasenake putra mahArAja ballAlasenakA zaka saM0 1090 hai| adbhutasAgarameM barAha, vRddhagarga, devala, yavanezvara, mayUracitra, rAjaputra, RSiputra, brahmagupta, balabhadra, yuliza, viSNucandra, prabhAkara Adi aneka AcAryoke vacana saMgrahIta haiN| ataH nivivAda rUpase AcArya RSiputrakA samaya bhaTTotpala aura vallAlasenake pUrva hai| RSiputrane prAcIna prAkRtameM nimittazAstrako racanA kI hai, isakI bhASA siddhasenake 'sammai-sutta'kI bhASAse milatI-julatI hai 1 upasarga aura adhyayoMka prayoga samAna rUpameM pAye jAte haiM / dhvaniparivartana sambandhI niyama bhI tulya haiN| hrasvamAtrika niyamakA prayoga bhI isa granthako bhASAmeM kiyA gayA hai| bhataeva bhASAko dRSTise isakA racanAkAla I0 san chaThI-sAtavIM zatI honA cAhie / jyotiSaviSayaka jJAna aura racanA __ AcArya RSiputra phalitajyotiSake vidvAn the / gaNitasambandhI inakI eka bhI racanAkA aba taka patA nahIM laga sakA hai / upalabdha uddharaNa aura RSiputra nimittazAstrameM inakI gaNitaviSayaka vidvattAkA patA nahIM calatA hai| inakI triskandhAtmaka jyotiSameMse kevala saMhitA viSayase sambaddha racanAeM hI prApta haiN| prArambhika racanAe rahaneke kAraNa viSayakI gambhIratA nahIM hai, kevala sUtrarUpameM hI saMhitAke viSayoMkA prathana kiyA gayA hai| nimittoMke tIna bheda batalAkara phalAdeza likhA hai266 - tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya-paramparA - - - - .

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1. bhaumika - pRthvI sambandhI nimitta | 2. divyaka-AkAza sambandhI nimitta | 3. zAbdika - vibhinna prakArake sunAI par3anevAle zabdajanya nimitta / AkAzasambandhI nimittoMko batalAte hue likhA hai sUrodaya acchamaNe caMdamasarikkhagahacariyaM / taM picchiyaM nimittaM savvaM AesihaM kuNahaM // sUryodaya ke pahale aura masta honeke pahacAna nandramA namatra grahacAra evaM ulkA Adi gamana evaM patanako dekhakara zubhAzubha phalakA jJAna karanA caahie| isa zAstra meM divya, antarikSa aura mauma ina tonoM prakArake utpAtoMkA varNana bhI vistArase kiyA hai| varSotpAta, davotpAta, ulkotpAtta, gandharvotpAta, ityAdi aneka utpAtoMke dvArA zubhAzubha phalakA pratipAdana AyA hai| AcArya RSiputrake nimittazAstrameM sabase bar3A mahatvapUrNa viSaya 'meghayoga' kA hai| isa prakaraNameM nakSatrAnusAra varSAke phalakA acchA vivecana kiyA hai| prathama vRSTi yadi kRttikA nakSatra meM ho, to anAjakI hAni, rohiNI meM ho, to dezakI hAni, mRgazirAmeM ho, to subhikSa, ArdrAmeM ho, to khaNDavRSTi, punarvasumeM ho, to eka mAha vRSTi, puSyameM ho, to zreSTha varSA, AzleSA meM ho, to anna-hAni, maSA aura pUrvA phAlgunI meM ho, to subhikSa, uttarAphAlgunI aura hastameM ho, to prasannatA, vizAkhA aura anurAdhAmeM ho, to atyadhika varSA, jyeSThA meM ho, to varSAkI kamI mUlameM ho, to paryApta varSA, pUrvASAr3hA uttarASAr3hA aura zravaNameM ho, to acchI varSA, SaniSThA, zatabhiSA, pUrvAbhAdrapada aura uttarAbhAdrapadameM ho, to uttama vRSTi aura subhikSa, evaM revatI AzvinI aura bharaNI meM ho, to paryApta vRSTike sAtha annabhAva zreSTha rahatA hai aura prajA saba tarahase sukha prApta karatI hai / bhaTTopali TIkAmeM jo uddharaNa Aye haiM unameM saptamastha guru zukrake phalakA pratipAdana bahuta hI rocaka aura mahatvapUrNa hai / sUryagrahaNa aura candragrahaNa kA phalAdeza bhI tithi aura nakSatroMke kramase varNita hai / bhukta, abhukta nakSatroMkA phalAdeza bhI batalAyA gayA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki RSiputrakI pUrNa racanA eka nimittazAstra hI upalabdha hai / vibhinna granthoMmeM uddharaNa pAye jAnese inakI saMhitA viSayaka racanAkA bhI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / AcArya mAnatuMga utpAnikA bhaktipUrNa kAvya ke sRSTA kavike rUpameM AcArya mAnatuMga prasiddha hai| inakA prasiddha zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya 267 :

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stotra 'bhakAmara' digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM meM samAnarUpase samAdRtta hai / bhakta kavike rUpameM inakI khyAti calI A rahI hai| inako racanA itanI lokapriya rahI hai, jisase usake pratyeka pathake pratyeka caraNako lekara samasyApUrtyAtmaka stotrakAvya likhe jAte rahe haiM / bhachAmarastotrakI kaI samasyApUrtiyAM prApta haiM / ovana paricaya AcAryaM kavi mAnatuMgake jIvanavRttake sambandhameM aneka virodhI vicAradhArAe~ pracalita hai / bhaTTAraka sakalacandrake ziSya brahmacArI 'pAyamalla' kRta 'bhaktAmaravRttimeM', jo ki vi0 saM0 1667 meM samApta huI hai, likhA hai ki "dhArAdhIza bhojakI rAjasabhAyeM kAlidAsa, bhAravi mAgha Adi kavi rahate the / mAnatuMgane 48 sAMkaloMko tor3akara jainadharmako prabhAvanA kI tathA rAjA bhojako jainadharmakA upAsaka banAyA / " dUsarI kathA bhaTTAraka vizvabhUSaNakRta 'maktAmaracarita meM nibaddha hai / isameM bhoja, bhartRhari, zubhacandra, kAlidAsa, vanaJjaya, vararuci aura mAnatuMga Adiko samakAlIna likhA hai / batAyA hai vvAcArya mAnatuMgane bhaktAmarastotrake prabhAvase mar3atAlIsa koThariyoMke sAloMko tor3akara apanA prabhAva dikhalAyA AcArya prabhAcandrane kriyA-kalApa' kI TIkAke antargata bhaktAmara stotra TIkAko utthAnikA meM likhA hai " mAnatuMganAmA sitAmbaro mahAkaviH nirgranyAcArya vaya~ rapanIta mahAvyAdhipratipaninyamArgo bhagavan kiM kriyatAmiti bruvANo bhagavatA paramAtmano guNagaNastotraM vidhIyatAmityAdiSTaH bhaktAmaretyAdi" / arthAt -- mAnatuMga zvetAmbara mahAkavi the / eka digambarAcAryane unako vyAdhise mukta kara diyA, isase unhoMne digambaramAgaM grahaNa kara liyA aura pUchA--bhagavan ! aba maiM kyA karUM / AcAryane mAjJA dI - paramAtmAke guNoMkA stotra banAo / phalataH AdezAnusAra bhaktAmara stotrakA praNayana kiyA / vikrama saMvat 1334 ke zvetAmbarAcArya prabhAcandrasUrikRta 'prabhAvakacarita' meM mAnatuMga sambandha meM likhA hai-ye kAzI nivAsI dhanadeva seThake putra 1. isa vRttikA anuvAda paMDita udayalAla kAsalIvAla dvArA sampanna hubA hai aura yaha prakAzita hai / 2. yaha kathA jaina itihAsa vizArada paMDita nAthUrAmajI premIne san 1916 I0 meM bambaIse prakAzita bhaktAmarastotrako bhUmikAmeM likhI hai / 3. prabhAvakAritake antargata mAnatuMgasuricaritam pu0 112 - 117 / 268 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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the| pahale inhoMne eka digambara munise dIkSA lI aura inakA nAma cArukIrti mahAkIrti rakhA gyaa| anantara eka zvetAmbara sampradAyako anuyAyinI zrAvikAne unake kamaNDaluke jalameM prasajIva batalAye, jisase unheM digambara caryAse virakti ho gayI aura jitasiMha nAmaka zvetAmbarAcAryake nikaTa dIkSita hokara zvetAmbara sAbu ho gaye aura usI avasthA meM bhaktAmarastotrako racanA kii| vi0 saM0 1361 ke mematugakRta 'prabandhacintAmaNi' granyameM likhA hai ki mayUra aura bANa nAmaka sAlA-bahanoI paMDita the| ve apanI vidvattAse eka dusareke sAtha spardhA karate the| eka bAra bANa paMDita apane bahanoIse milane gayA aura usake ghara jAkara rAtameM dvAra para so gayA / usakI mAnavato bahana rAtameM rUThI huI thI aura bahanoI rAtabhara manAtA rahA / prAtaH hone para mayUrane kahA-he! tanvaMgI prAyaH sArI rAta bIta calI, candramA kSINa-sA ho rahA hai, yaha pradIpa mAno nidrAke adhIna hokara jhUma rahA hai, aura mAnako sImA to praNAma karane taka hoto hai | aho ! to bhI tuma krodha nahIM chor3a rahI ho?" kAvyake tIna pAda bAra-bAra kahate sunakara bApane cauthA caraNa banAkara kahA-he caNDi ! kucoMke nikaTavartI honese tumhArA hRdaya bhI kaThina ho gayA hai| gataprAyA rAtriH kRzatanuziH zIryata iva pradopo'yaM nidrAvazamupagato dhUNita iva / praNAmAnto mAnastyajasi na tayApi krudhamaho kucapratyAsatyA hRdayamapi te caNDi ! kaThinam / / ' bhAIke muMhase cauthA caraNa sunakara bahana lajjita ho gayI aura abhizApa diyA ki tuma kuSThI ho jaao| bANa pativratAke zApase tatkAla kuSTho ho gyaa| prAtaHkAla zAlase zarIra Dhakakara rAjasabhAmeM AyA / mayUrane 'varakor3hI' kahakara bANakA svAgata kiyA / vANane devatArAdhanakA vicAra kiyA aura sUryake stavana dvArA kuSTharoga dUra kiyA / mayUrane bhI apane hAya-paira kATa liye aura caNDikAko 1. prabhAvakacaritake kathAnaka bANa aura mayUrako sasura aura dAmAda lisA hai tathA uparyuka zlokake caturtha caraNameM "caNDi ke sthAnake "suna" pATha pAyA jAtA hai| 2. 'gharakor3hI' prAkRta padakA padaccheda karane para 'varaka or3hI'-zAla or3hakara Aye ho tathA 'barakor3I' acche kuStrI bane ho, varSa nikalatA hai| zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 269

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"mAM bhAMkSIvidhamam" stuti dvArA apanA zarIra svastha kara camatkAra upasthita kiyaa| ___ ina camatkAroMke anantara kisI jainadharmadveSIne rAjAse kahA ki yadi jainoMmeM koI aisA camatkArI ho, tabhI jaina yahA~ raheM, anyathA inheM nagara se nirvAsita kara diyA jAya / mAnatuMga AcAryako bulAkara rAjAne kahA ki Apa apane devatAoMke kucha camatkAra dikhlaaiye| AcArya-hamAre devatA vItarAgI haiM, unameM kyA camatkAra ho sakatA hai| jo mokSa calA gayA hai, vaha camatkAra dikhalAne kyA AyegA / unake kiMkara devatA ho apanA prabhAva dikhalAte haiN| ataH yadi camatkAra dekhanA hai, to unake kiMkara devatAoMse anurodha karanA hogA / isa prakAra kahakara apane zarIrako 44 hayakar3iyoM aura ber3iyoMse kasavAkara usa nagarake zrIyugAdidevake mandirake pichale bhAgameM baiTha gye| "bhaktAmarastotra ke pramAvase unakI ber3iyAM TUTa gayIM aura mandira apanA sthAna parivartita kara unake sammukha upasthita ho gayA / isa prakAra mAnatugane jinazAsanakA prabhAva dikhlaayaa| mAnatuMgake sambandhameM eka itivRtta zvetAmbarAcArya guNAkarakA upalabdha hai| unhoMne bhaktAmarastotravRttimeM, jisakI racanA vi0 saM0 1426 meM huI hai, prabhAvakacaritake anusAra mayara aura bANako vasUra aura jAmAtA batAyA hai tathA inake dvArA racita sUryazataka aura caNDozatakakA nirdeza kiyA hai| rAjAkA nAma vRddhabhoja hai, jisako sabhAmeM mAnatuMga upasthita hue the| upayukta virodhI AkhyAnoM para dRSTipAta karanese tathA vallAlakaviracita bhojaprabandha nAmaka granyakA avalokana karanese nimnalikhita tathya upasthita hote haiM 1. mayUra, bANa, kAlidAsa aura mAgha bAdi vibhinna samayavartI prasiddha kaviyoMkA ekatra samavAya dikhalAneko prathA 10 vIM zatIse 15 vIM zatI takake sAhityameM prApta hotI hai| 2. mAnatUMgako zvetAmbara AkhyAnoMmeM pahale digambara aura pazcAt zvetAmbara mAnA gayA hai / isI prakAra digambara lekhakoMne unheM pahale zvetAmbara pazcAt digambara likhA hai| yaha kalpanA sampradAyavyAmohakA hI phala hai| digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoMmeM jaba paraspara kaTutA utpanna ho gayI aura mAnya AcAryoMkI apanI ora khIMca-tAna hone lagI, so isa prakAra vikRta itivRttoMkA sAhityameM praviSTa honA svAbhAvika hai / 250 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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3. mAnatugane bhaktAmarastotrako racanA kii| donoM sampradAyoMne apanIapanI mAnyatAke anusAra isa stotrako pratiSThA dii| prArambhameM isa stotrameM 48 stotra the, jo kAvya kahalAte the / prAyaH hastalikhita granthoM meM 48 kAvya hI milate haiN| pratyeka padyameM kAvyatva rahaneke kAraNa hI 48 padyoMko 48 kAvya kahA gayA hai| ina padyoMmeM zvetAmvara sampradAyane azokavRkSa, puSpavRSTi, divya dhvani aura camara ina cAra prAtihAriyoMke bodhaka padyoMko grahaNa kiyA aura siMhAsana, bhApaNDala, dundubhiH evaM chatra ina cAra prAtihAriyoMke vivecaka padyoMko nikAla diyaa| idhara digambara sampradAyakI kucha hastalikhita pANDulipiyoMmeM zvetAmbara sampradAya dvArA nikAle hue cAra prAtihAriyoMke bodhaka cAra naye padya aura jor3a diye gaye / isa prakAra 52 padyoMko saMkhyA gar3ha lo gayI / vastutaH isa stotrakAvyameM 48 ho padya hai| 4. stotra-kAvyoMkA mahatva dikhalAneke lie unake sAtha camatkArapUrNa AkhyAnoMkI yojanA kI gayI hai / mayUra. puSpadanta, bANa prabhRti sabhI kaviyoMke stotroMke pIche koI-na-koI camatkArapUrNa AkhyAna vidyamAna haiN| bhagavadarbhAkta, cAhe vaha vItarAgIko ho yA sarAgIkI, abhISTamUrti karatI hai| pUjApaddhatika Arambhake pUrva stotroMko paramparA hI bhaktike kSetra meM vidyamAna thii| bhakta yA zraddhAlu pAThaka stotra dvArA bhagavadguNoMkA smaraNa kara apanI AtmAko pavitra banAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhaktAmara, ekIbhAva, kalyANamandira prati stotroMke sAtha bhI camatkArapUrNa AkhyAna jur3e hue haiM / __ ataeva ina AkhyAnoMmeM tathyAMza ho yA na ho, para itanA satya hai ki ekAgratApUrvaka ina stotroMkA pATha karanese Atmazuddhike sAtha manokAmanAko pUti bhI hotI hai / stotroMke par3hanese jo Atmazuddhi hotI hai, vahI Atmazuddhi kAmanApUrtikA sAdhana banatI hai| mAnatuMga apane samayake prasiddha AcArya haiM aura inakI mAnyatA digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM meM hai| samaya-vicAra __mAnatuMgake samaya-nirdhAraNameM ukta virodhI bAkhyAnoMse yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki ve harSa athavA bhojake samakAlIna haiN| ina donoM rAjAoMmeMse kisI ekakI samakAlInatA siddha honepara mAnatugake samayakA nirNaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| sarvaprathama hama yahA~ bhojakI samakAlInatA para vicAra kreNge| bhojanAmake kaI rAjA hue haiM tathA bhAratIya AkhyAnoMmeM vikramAditya aura bhojako saMskRtakaviyoMkA AzrayadAtA evaM saMskRta sAhityakA lekhaka mAnA gayA hai| zrutadhara aura pArasvatAcArya : 271

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bhAratIya itihAsameM batAyA gayA hai ki sIyaka-harSake bAda usakA yazasvI putra muMja upanAma vAkpati vi0 saM0 1031 (I0 san 974)meM mAlavAko gaddI para AsIna huvaa| vAkpati muMjane lATa, karNATaka, cola aura kerala ke sAtha yuddha kiyA thA / yaha yoddhA to thA hI, sAtha hI kalA aura sAhityakA saMrakSaka bhI thaa| usane dhArAnagarImeM aneka tAlAba khudavAye the / usako sabhAmeM padmagupta, dhanaJjaya, dhanika aura halAyudha prabhRti khyAtinAmA sAhityika rahate the / muMjake anantara sindhurAja yA navasAhazAMka siMhAsanAsIna huaa| sindharAjake alpakAlIna zAsanake bAda usakA putra bhoja paramAroMkI gaddI para baitthaa| isa rAjakulakA yaha sarvazaktimAna aura yazasvI napati thaa| isake rAjyAsona honekA samaya I. san 1008 hai / bhojane dakSiNI rAjAoMke sAtha to yuddha kiyA ho, para turuSka evaM gujarAtake kotirAjake sAtha bhI yuddha kiyA / merutuMgake anusAra bhojane 55 varSa 7 mAsa aura 3 dina rAjya kiyA hai| bhoja vidyArasika thaa| usake dvArA racita grantha lagabhaga eka darjana hai| inhIM bhojake samayameM AcArya prabhAcandra ne apanA prameyakamalamArtaNDa likhA hai-zrIbhojadevarAjye zrImadvArA liyAsinA parAparasaramA padapragAbhAjitAnalapuNyanirAkRtanikhilamalakalaGkana zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena nikhilapramANaprameyasvarUpodyotaparIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtmiti'| zrI paMDita kailAzacandrajI zAstrIne prabhAcandrakA samaya I. san 1050 ke lagabhaga mAnA hai| ataH bhojakA rAjyakAla 11vIM zatAbdI hai| AcArya kavi mAnatugake bhaktAmarastotrako zailI mayUra aura bANako stotrazailIke samAna hai| ataeva zailo tathA anya aitihAsika tathyoMke na milanese mAnatuMgane apane stotrako racanA bhojarAjyakAlameM nahIM kI hai| yataH bhojake samayameM mayUra aura bANakA astitva sambhava nahIM hai / yaha camatkArI AkhyAnoMse spaSTa hai ki mAnatuga vANa-mayUrakAlIna haiM aura kisI na kisI rUpameM inakA sambandha bANa aura mayUrake sAtha rahA hai| saMskRta sAhityake prasiddha itihAsajJa vidvAna DaoN0 e0 vo0 kIthane bhaktAmara kathAke sambandhameM anumAna kiyA hai ki koThariyoMke tAle yA pAzavaddhatA saMsAra 1. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI, san 1941. antima prazasti 10 294 / 2. A History of Sanskrit Litrature 1941, Page 214-215 (Religi ous portry) 272 : vIrSakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bandhanakA rUpaka hai / isa prakArake rUpaka chaThI sAtavIM zatAbdImeM aneka likhe gaye haiM | vasudeva-hiMDImeM garbhavAsaduHkha, viSayasukha, indriyasukha, janma-maraNake bhava Adi sambandhI aneka rUpaka Aye hai| DaoN0 kothakA yaha anumAna yadi satya hai, to isakA racanAkAla chaThI zatAbdIkA uttarAddha yA sAtavIkA pUrvArddha honA cAhiye / ___DaoN0 kIthane yaha bhI anumAna kiyA hai ki mAnatuga bANake samakAlIna haiN| suprasiddha itihAsajJa paM0 gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhAne apane "sirohIkA itihAsa' nAmaka granthameM mAnatugakA samaya harSakAlIna mAnA hai / zrIharSakA rAjyAbhiSeka I. san 608 meM huA thA / ataevaM mAnatugakA samaya I0 san kI 7vIM zatAbdIkA madhyabhAga honA sambhava hai / bhaktAmarastotrake antaraMga parIkSaNase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha stotra 'kalyANa-mandirakA paravartI hai| 'kalyANa-mandira'le ranagitA siddhasenakA samaya SaSThI zatAbdo siddha kiyA jA cukA hai| ata: mAnatugakA samaya inase kucha uttaravatoM honA cAhiye / hamArA anumAna hai ki dono stotroM meM upalabdha samatA eka-dUsarese prabhAvita hai| _ 'kalyANa-mandira meM kalpanAkI jaisI svacchatA hai, vaisI prAyaH isa stotrameM nahIM hai / ataH kalyANa-mandira bhaktAmarake pahale kI racanA ho, to Azcarya nahIM hai / yata: isa stotrako kalpanAoMkA pallavana evaM una kalpanAoma kucha navInatAoMkA samAveza camatkArapUrNa zailImeM isa stotrameM haA hai| bhaktAmarameM kahA hai ki sUrya kI bAta hI kyA, usakI prabhA hI tAlAboMma kamaloMko vikasita kara detI hai, usI prakAra he prabho ! ApakA stotra to dUra ho rahe, para Apake nAmakI kathA hI samasta pApoMko dUra kara detI hai| yaha nAma-mAhAtmya mulata: zrImadbhAgavatase stotra-sAhityameM sthAnAntarita huA hai / yathA--. AstAM tava stavanamastasamastadoSaM tvatsaMkathApi jagatAM duritAni hanti / dUre sahasrakiraNaH kurute prabhava padmAkareSu jalajAni vikAsabhAji / / kalyANa-mandirameM bhI uparyukta kalpanA jyoM-kI-tyoM milatI hai / batAyA hai ki jaba nidAghameM kamalase yukta tAlAbako sarasa vAyu hI tIna AtApase saMtapta 1. e hisTrI oNpha saMskRta liTarecara, pR0 215 / 2. bhaktAmarastotra, padya 9 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcAya : 273

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pathikoMkI garmI se rakSA karatI hai, taba jalAzayako bAta hI kyA, usI prakAra jaba ApakA nAma hI saMsArake tApako dUra kara sakatA hai, taba Apake stotrake sAmarthya kA kyA kahanA 1 AstAmacintyamahimA jina saMstavaste nAmApi pAti bhavato bhavato jaganti / tIvrAtapopahatapAnyajanAnnidAdhe, prINAti padmasarasaH saraso'nilo'pi // bhaktAmara stotra aura kalyANamandirakI guNagAna mahattva sUcaka kalpanA tulya hai / donoM hI jagaha nAmakA mahatva hai| ataH eka dUsarese prabhAvita haiM athavA donoMne kisI anya paurANika stotra se ukta kalpanAeM grahaNa kI haiM | bhaktAmarastotrameM batalAyA hai ki he prabho ! saMgrAma meM Apake nAmakara smaraNa karanese balavAna rAjAoMke yuddha karate hue ghor3oM aura hAthiyoMko bhayAnaka garjanAse yukta sainyadala usI prakAra naSTa-bhraSTa ho jAtA hai, jisa prakAra sUryake udaya hone se andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai / yathA valgatturaGgagajagajitabhImanAda - mAjI balaM balavatAmapi bhUpatInAm / udyaddivAkara mayUkha zikhApaddha tvatkIrttanAttama ivAzu bhidAmupaiti / uparyukta kalpanAkA samAnAntara rUpa kalyANamaMdirake 32 veM padma meM usI prakAra pAyA jAtA hai jisa prakAra jinasenake pArzvAbhyudaya meM / kalyANamaMdira meM bhI yahI kalpanA prApta hotI hai / yathAyadgajaM dujitaghanaughamadabhrabhImabhrazyattaDinmusalamAMsalaghoradhAram / datyena muktamatha dustaravAri dakSaM tenaiva tasya jina ! dustaravArikRtyam || isI prakAra bhaktAmara stotrake "svAmAmananti munayaH paramaM pumAMsam" ( bhaktAmara padya 23 ) aura "svAM yogino jina sadA paramAtmarUpam' (kalyANamaMdira padya 14 ) tulanIya haiM | 1. kalyANamandira, padya 7 / 1. bhaktAmara stotra, padma 42 / 2. kalyANamandira, padma 32 / 274 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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uparyukta vizleSaNake prakAzameM isa svIkRtikA virodha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki bhaktAmara aura kalyANamandira donoMkI padAvalo, kalpanAeM evaM tathyanirUpaNa-praNAlI samAna haiN| ye donoM stotra tathya-vizleSaNako dRSTise zrImadbhAgavad aura zailIko dRSTise puSpadantake zivamahimnastotrake samakakSa haiM / racanA-paricaya aura kAvyapratibhA mAnatuGgakI ekamAtra racanA 48 padyapramANa bhaktAmara stotra hai| yaha samasta stotra vasantatilakAchandameM likhA gayA hai| isameM AditIrthaGkara RSabhanAthakI stuti kI gayI hai / isa stotrako yaha vizeSatA hai ki ise kisI bhI tIrthaGkara para ghaTita kiyA jA sakatA hai| pratyeka padyameM upamA, utprekSA aura rUpaka alaGkArakA samAveza kiyA hai| isakA bhASA-sauSThava aura bhAvagAmbhIyaM AkarSaka hai| kavi apanI namratA prakaTa karatA haA kahatA hai ki he prabho ! meM alpajJa bahuzrutajJa vidvAnoM dvArA ha~sIkA pAtra hone para bhI Apako bhakti hI mujhe mukhara banAtI hai| basantameM kokila svayaM nahIM bolanA cAhato, pratyuta AmramaJjarI hI use balAt kUjanekA nimantraNa detI hai| yathA alpazrutaM zrutavatAM parihAsadhAma tvadbhaktireva mukharIkurute balAnmAm / patkokila: kila maghau madhuraM virauti taccAmracArukalikAnikaraikahetuH // atizayokti alaMkArake udAharaNa isa stotrameM kaI Aye haiN| para 17 veM padyakA atizayokti alaGkAra bahuta hI sundara hai / kavi kahatA hai ki he bhagavan ! ApakI mahimA sUryase bhI bar3hakara hai, kyoMki Apa kabhI bhI asta nahIM hote / na rAhugamya haiM, na ApakA mahAna prabhAva meghoMse avaruddha hotA hai| Apa samasta lokoMko eka sAtha anAyAsa spaSTa rUpase prakAzita karate haiM, jaba ki sUrya gahase grasta yA meghoMse Acchamma ho jAne para akele madhyalokako bhI prakAzita karane meM akSama rahatA hai / yathAnAstaM kadAcidupayAsi na rAhugamyaH / spaSTIkaroSi sahasA yugapajjaganti / nAmbhogharodaranirUddhamahAprabhAva: sUryAtizAyimahimAsi munIndra ! loke / / 1. bhaktAmarastotra, padya / 2. vahI, padya 17 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 275

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yahA~ bhagavAnako adbhuta sUryake rUpameM vaNita kara atizayoktikA camatkAra dikhalAyA gayA hai| kavi Adijinako buddha, zaGkara, dhAtA aura puruSottama siddha karatA huA kahatA haibuddhastvameva vibudhAcittabuddhibodhA tvaM zaGkaro'si bhuvanatrayazaGkaratvAt / dhAtAsi dhIra zivamArgavividhAnA dvayakaM tvameva bhagavanpuruSottamo'si / / isa prakAra isa stotra-kAvyameM bhakti, darzana aura kAvyako triveNI eka sAtha pravAhita prApta hoto hai / / raviSeNa raviSeNAcArya aise kalAkAra kavi haiM, jinhoMne saMskRtameM lokapriya paurANika caritakAvyakA grathana kiyA hai| paurANika caritakAvya-racayitAke rUpameM raviSeNakA sArasvatAcAryoMmeM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / jIvana paricaya __ AcArya raviSeNa kisa saMgha yA gaNa-gacchake the, isakA ullekha unake grantha 'padmadhArata meM upalabdha nahIM krtaa| sanAtta nAma hI isa bAtakA sUcaka pratIta hotA hai ki ye senasaMghake AcArya the| padmacaritame nidiSTa garuparamparAse avagata hotA hai ki indrasenake ziSya divAkarasena the aura divAkarasena. ke ziSya ahaMtsena / ina arhattasenake ziSya lakSmaNasena hue aura lakSmaNasenake ziSya raviSeNa / yathA jJAtAzeSakRtAntasanmunimanaHsopAnaparvAvalI pAramparyasamAdhita suvacanaM sArArthamatyadbhutam / AsIdindragurodivAkarayatiH ziSyo'sya cAhanmunistasmAllakSmaNasenasanmuniradaH ziSyo ravistu smRtam / / samyagdarzanazuddhikAraNaguruzreyaskaraM puSkalaM vispaSTaM paramaM purANamamalaM zrImatprabodhipradam / rAmasthAdbhutavikramasya sukRto mAhAtmyasaGkIrtane zrotavyaM satataM vicakSaNajanairAtmopakArAthibhiH // 1. bhaktAmarastotra, padya 25 / 2. papacaritam, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 123 / 168-169 / 276 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI ArArya-paramparA

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arthAt yaha padmacarita samasta zAstroMke jJAtA uttama muniyoMke manakI sopAna - paramparA ke samAna nAnA kI paramparAse yukta hai, subhASitoM paripUrNa hai, sArapUrNa hai tathA atyanta AzcaryakArI hai / indraguruke ziSya zrIdivAkarayati the / unake ziSya arhayati hue / unake ziSya lakSmaNasena muni the aura unakA ziSya meM raviSeNa hU~ / mere dvArA racita yaha 'padmacarita' samyagdarzanako zuddhatAke kAraNoMse zreSTha hai, kalyANakArI hai, vistRta hai, atyanta spaSTa hai, utkRSTa hai, nirmala hai, zrIsampanna hai, ratnatrayarUpa bodhikA dAyaka hai, tathA adbhuta parAkramI puNyasvarUpa zrIrAmake mAhAtmyakA uttama kIrtana karanevAlA hai, aisA yaha purANa AtmopakA ke icchuka vidvajjanoMke dvArA nirantara zravaNa karane yogya hai / uparyukta padyoMse raviSeNakI guru-paramparAkA parijJAna to ho jAtA hai, para unake janmasthAna, bAlyakAla, vivAhita jIvana Adike sambandha meM kucha bhI jAnakArI nahIM ho pAtI / raviSeNane padmacarita 42 veM parva meM jina vRkSoM kA varNana kiyA hai ve vRkSa dakSiNa bhAratameM pAye jAte haiM / kavikA bhaugolika jJAna bhI dakSiNa bhAratakA jitanA spaSTa aura adhika hai utanA anya bhAratIya pradezoMkA nahIM / ataeva kavikA janmasthAna dakSiNa bhAratakA bhUbhAga honA cAhie / samaya-1 ya-nirdhAraNa AcArya raviSeNake samaya nirdhAraNa meM vizeSa kaThinAI nahIM hai, kyoMki ravigheNane svayaM apane padmacaritakI samApti samayakA nirdeza kiyA hai dvizatAbhyadhike samAsahasre samatIte'ddhaM caturthavaSaMyukte / jinabhAskaravarddhamAnasiddhezcaritaM padmamuneridaM nibaddham // jinasUrya -- bhagavAn mahAvIrake nirvANa prApta karaneke 1203 varSaM chaH mAha bIta jAnepara padmamunikA yaha carita nibaddha kiyA / isa prakAra isakI racanA vi0 saM0 734 (I0 san 677 ) meM pUrNa huI hai| bora nirvANa saM0 kArtika kRSNA 30 vi0 saM0 469 pUrva se hI bhagavAn mahAvIrake mokSa jAnekI paramparA praca lita hai / isa taraha cha: mAsakA samaya aura jor3a dene para vaizAkha zukla pakSa vi0 saM0 734 racanA - tithi AtI hai / 1. pagracaritam 1233182 / ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 277

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bahissAkSya - raviSeNa svayaMke ullekhoMke atirikta samakAlIna aura uttaravartI AcAryAka nirdeza bhI rAvaNa ke samayapara prakAza par3atA hai| inake uttaravartI udyotanasUrine apanI kuvalayamAlAmeM raviSeNako padmacaritake kartAka rUpameM smaraNa kiyA hai| udyotanasurikA samaya I0 san 778 (vi0 saM0 835) hai ! pratIta hotA hai ki raviSaNako khyAti 100 varSoM meM hI paryApta vistRta ho tuko thii| udyotanasUrine likhA hai jehi kae ramaNijje baraMga-paumANariya visthAre / kaba Na salAhijje te kaiNo jaDiya-raviseNe' / jinhoMne ramaNIya evaM vistRta varAMgacarita aura pArita likhe, ve jaDita tathA raviSeNa kavi kaise zlAghya nahIM, apitU zlAghya haiN| harivaMzapurANake racayitA prathama jinasenane bhI raviNakA padmacaritake kartAka rUpameM smaraNa kiyA hai--- kRtapadmodayodyotA pratyahaM parivattitA / mUttiH kAvyamayI loke raveriva raveH priyA || AcArya raviSeNako kAvyamayI mUrti sUryako mUtike samAna lokameM atyanta priya hai / yataH sUrya jisa prakAra kamaloMko vikasita karatA hai usI prakAra raviSeNane padma-rAmake caritako vistRta kiyA hai| AcArya jimasenane harivaMzapurANakI racanA vi0 saM0 840meM kI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki raviSeNa vi0 saM0 840 se pUrvavartI haiM aura yazasvI kavi haiN| ataH bahiHsAkSya bhI raviNadvArA svayaM sUcita samayake sAdhaka haiN| racanA-paricaya aura kAvya-pratibhA pazcacaritameM purANa aura kAvya ina donoM ke lakSaNa sammilita haiM / vimalasUrikRta prAkRta paumariyamakA AdhAra rahanepara bhI isameM maulikattAkI kamI nahIM hai | kathAnaka aura viSayavastumeM paryApta parivartana kiyA hai| vastutaH isa granthakA praNayana usa samaya huA hai jaba saMskRtameM carita-kAvyoMko paramparAkA pUrNa vikAsa nahIM huA thaa| isameM vana, nadI, parvata, grAma, Rtu-varNana, saMdhyA, sUryodaya AdikA citraNa mahAkAvyake samAna hI kiyA gayA hai / kathAkA AyAma paryApta vistRta hai / padma--rAmake kaI janmoMkI kathA tathA unake parikara meM nivAsa 1. kuvalayamAlA-anuccheda-6, pR0-4 / 2. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 1134 / 278 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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karanevAle sugrIya, vibhISaNa, hanumAnako jIvana-vyApI kathA bhI isa caritakAvyameM sambaddha hai / katipaya pAtroMke jIvana-AkhyAna to itane vistRta Aye haiM, jisase unheM svataMtra kAvya yA purANa se pAlA jA hai : ___ AdhikArika kathAvastu muni rAmacandrajIkI hai aura avAntara yA prAsaMgika kathAe~ bAnara-vaMza yA vidyAdhara-vaMzake AkhyAnake rUpameM AyIM haiN| ina donoM vaMzoMkA kavine bahuta vistRta varNana kiyA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki caritakAnyake samasta guNa isa granthameM samAviSTa haiM / aMgIrUpameM zAnta rasakA paripAka huA hai| zRMgArake saMyoga aura viyoga donoM ho pakSa sotA-apaharaNa evaM rAma-vivAhake anantara ghaTita hue haiM / karuNa-rasake citraNa meM abhUtapUrva saphalatA milI hai / yuddha meM bhAI-baMdhuoMke kAma Anepara kuTumbiyoMke vilApa pASANahRdayako bhI dravIbhUta karane meM samartha haiM / varNanoMke citragameM kaviko pUrNa saphalatA prApta huI hai| narmadAkA ramaNIya dRzya aneka utprekSAoM dvArA citrita haA hai| narmadA madhurazabda karanevAle sAnApakSiyoMke samUhake sAtha vArtAlApa karatI huI-sI pratIta hotI hai / phenake samUhase vaha ha~satI huI-sI mAlama par3atI hai| taraMgarUpI bhRkuToke vilAsake kAraNa vaha kruddha hotA huI nAyikA-sI, AvartarUpI bubudoMse yukta nAyikAko nAbhi jaisI, vizAla taToMse yukta sthala nitamba jaisI evaM nirmala jala-vastra jaise pratIta hote the / isa granthameM 123 parva haiM / ise chaha khaNDoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai1. vidyAdharakANDa 2. janma aura vivAhakANDa 3. vana-bhramaNa 4, sotA-haraNa aura usakA anveSaNa 6. uttaracarita saMkSipta kathAvastu bhagavAna mahAvIrake prathama gaNadhara gautamasvAmIko namaskAra kara, unase rAmakathA jAnanekI icchA prakaTa karanepara, gautamasvAmIne yaha rAmakathA kahI hai| kathArambhameM 1. vidyAdharaloka 2. rAkSasavaMza 3. vAnaravaMza 4. somavaMza 5. sUryabaMza aura 6. ikSvAkuvaMzake varNanake pazcAt kathAsrota saritAko vegavatI dhArAke samAna Age bar3hatA hai| rAvaNakA janma (7-8 parva)-rAkSasavaMzI rAjA ratnazravA tathA mahArAnI zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 279

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kekasIko rAvaNa, kumbhakarNa aura vibhISaNa nAmaka tIna putra evaM candranakhA nAmaka putrIkA lAbha huaa| ye cAroM santAne paidA hote hI apanI-apanI prakRti ke anusAra apanI-apanI mahatAkA saMketa dene lagIM / ratnazravAne janmake samaya hI rAvaNako divyahArase yukta evaM maulika mAlAmeM pratibimbita, usake eka hI sirake daza pratibimba dikhalAI par3aneke kAraNa usakA nAma dazAnana rakhA / vidyAsiddhi (8 bAM parva) apane mausere bhAI indrakI vibhUtikA zravaNa kara use parAsta karanekA lakSya rakhakara ve tInoM bhAI vidyAsiddhi hetU ghanaghora tapazcaraNa karane lage / antama apanI dar3hatA evaM ekAgratA aura nimAhitA eva nibhIkatAke kAraNa una tInoM bhAiyoMne aneka vidyAoMko siddha kara liyA / apanI saphalatAkA prArambhika caraNa mAna ve tInoM bhAI digvijayakI taiyArI karane lge| dakSiNa vijaya (9-11 parva)-rathanapurakA rAjA indra atyanta zaktizAlI thA / ataH use parAsta karane ke uddezyase inhoMne AkramaNako taiyArI kI / rAvaNane apanI vIratA aura kuzalatAse indra ke sahAyaka yama, varuNa Adiko to pahala hA parAsta kara diyA thaa| aba usako daSTi indrapara ho thaa| indra mAnava hAta hue bhI apane liye indra hI samajha rahA thA / isI kAraNa usane prAntIya zAsakoMko bama, varuNa, soma Adi saMjJAose abhihita kiyA thaa| usane kArAgArako narakasaMjJA aura arthamaMtroko kubara saMjJA Ahita kI thii| rAvaNa ne samasta sAdhanapUrNa sanA lekara kikandhApurake rAjA bali ko apamAnita kiyA aura usake sAdhubhAI sugrIvako apanA mitra banAyA / rathanapura ke cAroM ora mAyAmayI parakoTA banA huA thaa| usakI rakSA aneka vidyAvAkA sAtha malakavara karatA thA / yaha parakoTA abhedya thA / isake bhaMdanavA parijJAna nalakUvarako panAkA jJAta thA aura yaha nArI rAvaNa ke rUpako dekhate hI mAhita ho gayA / rAvaNane jhUThA AzvAsana dekara parakoTAbhedanakA upAya jJAta kara liyA aura anta meM vijayake pazcAt nalakUvarako vahA~kA rAjA niyukta kara usakI patnIko mAM andaro sambodhita kAra evaM pativratA bane rahanakA upadeza de, vahA~se Age bar3hA / aneka prakArase yuddha hona ke pazcAta indra apane maMtrimaMDala sahita baMdI banA liyA gayA, para usake pitA sahasrazara ke anurodha para rAvaNane use mukta kiyA aura apanI mahattAkA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA / hanumAna-janma (15-18 parva) Adityapura ke rAjA prahalAdake putra pavanaJjayakA vivAha rAjA mahendrakI putrI 280 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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aMjanAse huaa| pabanamaya usakI sundaratAse AkRSTa honepara bhI, aMjanAko eka satrI dvArA apano nindA sunakara vaha aMjanAse ruSTa ho gayA aura vivAha ho jAnepara usane aMjanAkA parityAga kara diyaa| jaba pavanajaya rAvaNako kisI yuddha meM sahAyatA denene liye jA rahA thA, to usakA zivira eka nadIke taTa para sthita haA / yahA~ cakavAke viyogameM eka cakavIko vilApa karate dekha, use aMjanAkI smRti hA AyI aura apane viye kAryoM para pazcAttApa karane lgaa| vaha senAkI vahIM chor3a zrima hI aMjanA ke pAsa calA aayaa| prathama milanake phalasvarUpa aMjanA garbhavatI huii| pavanajaya prabhAta hone ke pUrva hI binA kisIse kahe-sune aMjanA bhavase calA gayA | aMjanAkI sAsa tathA anya parivArake vyaktiyoMne jaba usake garbhavatIka cihna dekhe, to parivArake apavAdake bhayase unhoMne aMjanAko gharo bAhara nikAla diyA / vaha dara-dara bhaTakatI huI eka nirjana vanama pahaco / yahA~ usane ema kA janma diyA | isI samaya AkAzamAgaMse rAjA pratisUrya jA rahA thA / usane jaba eka nArIkA karuNa cItkAra sunA, to usakA hRdaya nayA aura gAve Akara paricaya jAnanA cAhA / isa paricayake kramameM jaba use yaha mAlama huA ki yaha usakI bhAMjo hai, to use apAra harSa huA aura usa putrasahita lakara apane ghara hanuruha dvIpameM calA AyA / mAgama calate hae hanumAna apane bAlya-cAMcalyake kAraNa vimAnase nIce gira par3e, para hanumAnako cATa na lagI aura jisa zilA para va gire the vaha zilA cUra-cUra ho gyii| hanuruha tApama bAlakake saMskAra sampanna kiya gaye / isI kAraNa isakA nAma hanumAna rakhA gayA / yuddhameM vijaya prApta karane ke pazcAt pavanaJjaya ghara vApasa lauTA, para aMjanAko na pAkara tathA usatra apavAdako jJAtakara use apAra vedanA huI / phalata: vaha ghara chor3akara vanakI khAka chAnana cala diyaa| vaha vana-bana bhaTakatA huA, vRkSa aura latAoMsa ajanAkA patA pUchatA huA unmattakI taraha bhramaNa karane lgaa| kucha samaya pazcAt baha nama karatA haA hanuruha dvApa pahacA aura vahA~ apanI patnI aura putrako dekhakara atyanta prasanna huA tathA sabhI ke sAtha Adityapura lauTa aayaa| candranakhAkA vivAha kharadUSaNa nAmaka rAkSasako sAtha huA aura isa dampatike zabUka nAmaka putra utpanna huA / rAjA dazarathakA janma (19-21 parva)- ikSvAkuvaMzameM ayodhyAke rAjA ajake yahA~ dazarathakA janma huA / dazarathakA janma uttama nakSatra aura uttama zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 281

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muhUrta meM huA / phalasvarUpa yaha janmase ho vIra, pratApI aura yazasvI thaa| inakI tIna rAniyA~ thIM / (ka) darpapura ke rAjAkI putrI aparAjitA yA kauzalyA (kha) padmapatra nagara ke rAdhAkI sumitra (ga) ratnapurake rAjAkI putrI suprabhA eka dina rAvaNako kisIse vidita huA ki usakI mRtyu rAjA janaka aura dazarathakI santAnoMke dvArA hogI / ataH rAvaNane apane bhAI vibhISaNako mithilAnareza janaka aura ayodhyAnareza dazarathako mAraneke lie bhejA, para vibhISaNake Aneke pUrva hI nAradane una donoM ko saceta kara diyA thA / jisase ve donoM apane-apane bhavanoM meM apane-apane anurUpa kRtrima mUrti chor3akara bAhara nikala gaye / vibhISaNa ne ina putaloMko ho sacamucakA janaka aura dazaratha samajhA aura unhIMkA mastaka kATakara samudrameM girA diyA tathA vApasa loTakara laMkA meM vaibhavapUrvaka rAjya karane lagA | rAjA datharathako vijaya evaM kaikeyIse pariNaya ( 21 - 25 parva ) - bhramaNa karate hue rAjA dazaratha aneka sAmantoMke sAtha kekaya deza pahu~ce aura vahA~ kI rAjaputrI kaikeyIko svayamvarameM jIta liyA / svayaMvara meM samAgata rAjAoMne inheM ajJAtakulazIla samajhakara inakI yuddha karanekA nimantraNa diyA / dazarathane raNabhUmi meM utarakara vIratApUrvaka yuddha kiyA aura kaikeyAMne unake rathakA saMcAlana kiyA / jisase mahArAja dazaratha bahuta prasanna hue aura unhoMne kaikayIse vara mA~gane ko kahA / samaya pAkara cAroM rAniyoMko cAra putra utpanna hue / kauzalyAne rAma, sumitrAne lakSmaNa, kaikeyIne bharata aura suprabhAne zatrughnako janma diyaa| I sItAkA amma (26-30 parva ) - rAjA janakake yahA~ sotA nAmaka putrI aura bhAmaNDala nAmaka putrane janma liyA / pUrvajanmakI zatrutAke kAraNa kisI vidyAdharakumArane bhAmaNDalakA apaharaNa kiyA aura use vanameM chor3a diyA / isa kumArakA lAlana-pAlana candragati nAmaka vidyAdharane kiyA / nArada kisI kAraNavaza sotAse ruSTa ho gaye aura usakA eka sundara citrapaTa taiyAra kara bhAmaNDalako bheMTa kiyaa| bhAmaNDala sItA ke sundara rUpako dekhate hI Asakta ho gayA aura vidyAdharoM sahita mithilA para AkramaNa kara diyA, para manohara nagara aura vATikA ko dekhate hI use jAtismaraNa ho gayA aura use yaha jJAta ho gayA ki sotA usakI sahodarA hai / ataeva usane janakake samakSa apanA paricaya prastuta kiyA tathA unheM sItAkA svayambara karanekA parAmarza diyA / 282 : torthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA !

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svayamvarameM vajAvarta dhanuSako car3hAnekI zataM rakhI gayo / anya rAjAoMke asamartha rahane para rAmane isa dhanuSako car3hAyA aura sItAke sAtha unakA vivAha sampanna huaa| rAmake bar3e hone para dazarathako saMsArase virakti ho gayo aura be rAmako rAjA banAkara svayaM munidIkSA grahaNa karanekI taiyArI karane lge| jaba kaikeyIko yaha samAcAra jJAta huA, to usane apane surakSita gharako mA~ga liyA, jisake anusAra bharatako ayodhyAkA rAjya aura rAmako vanavAsa diyA gyaa| 3. vanabhramaNa (ka) rAmakA vanavAsa (41 vAM parva)-rAma lakSmaNa aura sItAke sAtha dakSiNa dizAkI ora cala diye| mArga meM kitane ho trasta rAjAoMkA abhayadAnadvArA uddhAra kiyaa| kaikeyI aura bharata vanameM jAkara rAmako loda AnekA anurodha karane lage, para pitAko icchAke viruddha kArya karanA rAmane svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| (kha) yuddhoMkA varNana (42 vA parva)--rAma-lakSmaNane yahA~ para aneka zatruoM, dharmavirodhiyoM, pApiyoM aura anyAyo atyAcAriyoMko sahI mArga para na Aneke kAraNa yamaloka bheja diyaa| rAjA vacakaNako siMhodarake cakrase bacAyA, vAlyAvilyako mlecchake kArAgArase mukta kiyA eva bharatakA virodha karanevAle ativIryakA nartakIkA vezadhAraNa kara lakSmaNane usakA mAna khaNDita kiyaa| lakSmaNakA aneka rAjakumAriyoMke sAtha vivAha huaa| daNDakabanameM nivAsa karate hue rAma-lakSmaNane muniko AhAradAna diyA aura jaTAyu nAmaka vRddha tapasvIse samparka sthApita kiyaa| (ga) zambUkamaraNa evaM kharadUSaNase yuddha (43-44 parva)--sUryahAsa nAmaka talavArako pAne hetu kharadUSaNakA putra zambUka tapasyA kara rahA thA, kintu bhramaza bA~soMke bhir3emeM chipe hue zambukakA lakSmaNa dvArA astraparIkSAse maraNa ho gyaa| vilApa karatI huI usakI mAtA candranakhA lakSmaNake rUpase mohita hokara kAmatRptiko bhikSA mAMgane lagI, kintu usameM asaphalatA dekha, patise lakSmaNapara balAtkArakA doSAropaNa kara yuddha karanekA anurodha kiyaa| donoM pakSoMmeM bhayaMkara yuddha huA, kharadUSaNa Adi aneka rAkSasa yamapurI pahuMcA diye gye| 4. sItAharaNa aura anveSana (45-55 parva)--apane bahanoIko sahAyatA karaneke hetu AyA huA rAvaNa sItAke anindya lAvaNyako dekhakara mohita ho zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 283

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gyaa| usa samaya rAma-lakSmaNa bAhara gaye hue the| ataH balAt usakA apaharaNa kara, apane puSpaka vimAnameM baiThAkara laMkAkI ora cala diyA ! mArga meM jaTAyu evaM ratnajaTo nAmaka vidyAdharoMse yuddha karanA par3A, para isa yuddha meM rAvaNako ho vijaya rhii| rAma jaba yuddha samApta kara vApasa lauTe, to kuTiyAko sotAse zanya dekhakara vilApa karane lge| rAmane apane kAryake siddhyartha vAnaravaMzI rAjA sugrIvase mitratA ko aura unakA sahAyatAse sotAkA patA lgaayaa| 5. yuddha (56-78 parva)-sugrIva Adi vidyAdharoMko sahAyatAse rAmako samasta senA AkAzamAgaM dvArA laMkA paha~ca gayo aura rAmane bhayaMkara yuddha Arambha kiyA / sarvaprathama rAmane rAvaNa ke pAsa saMdhikA prastAva bhejA, para usane use asvIkAra kara diyaa| rAvaNake anaitika vyavahArase duHkho hokara vibhISaNa bhI rAmase Akara mila gayA aura rAmane vibhISaNako laMkAkA rAjya denekA saMkalpa kara liyaa| donoM orase bhayaMkara yuddha huA aura antameM pApapara puNyako vijaya huI / rAmane rAvaNakA badha kara pRthvIko niSkaTaka banAyA / 6. uttaracarita (ka) rAjyoMkA vitaraNa evaM sotAtyAga { 79-103 parva )-rAvaNako mRtyuke pazcAt rAma-lakSmaNanaM laMkAvAsiyoMkA AzvAsana diyA aura yuddhase asta-vyasta laMkAko sthitiko smbhaalaa| anantara ayodhyA lauTa Anepara apane rAjyakA samucita baMTavArA kiyaa| samaya pAkara sItA garbhavatI huI kintu durbhAgyase rAvaNake yahA~ nivAsa karaneke kAraNa prajA dvArA nindA honese, rAmane sautAkA nirvAsana kara diyaa| sotA vana-yana bhramaNa karane lagI, usane vanajaMgha munike AzramameM lava aura kuzako janma diyaa| (kha) jagniparIkSA (104-109 parva)-digvijayake samaya lava aura kuzakA rAma-lakSmaNake sAtha ghanaghora yuddha huaa| nAradane upasthita hokara rAma-lakSmaNako lava aura kuzakA paricaya karAyA | agniparIkSA dvArA sAtAko zuddhi kI gyii| sItAke zolake prabhAvase agnikA dahakatA kuNDa zItala jala bana gyaa| rAmane sotAse punaH gahAvAsameM sammilita honekA anurodha kiyA, para sItAne anurodhako ThukarA diyA aura AryikAkA vrata grahaNa kara liyA tathA tapazcaraNa dvArA dvAdazama svargakA lAbha kiyaa| 284 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI mAdhArya-paramparA

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nArAyaNa aura balabhadrake prema-sauhArdakI carcA svargaloka taka vyApta ho gyii| ataeva parIkSArtha do deva ayodhyA Aye aura lakSmaNase gamake maraNakA asatya samAcAra khaa| lakSmaNa sunate hI niSprANa ho gaye, isa samAcArase rAma atyanta duHkhita haye aura lakSmaNake mohameM unake zavako liye hue chaH mAsa taka ghUmate rahe / antameM kRtAnsavako jIvane, jo svarga meM deva huA thA, rAmako smjhaayaa| rAmane lakSmaNake zavako antyeSTi kriyA kI aura rAma jinadIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa dvArA mokSa pdhaare| samIkSA isa kathAvastameM ghaTanAoM aura DAkhyAnoM kA niyojana bar3e hI sundararUpameM kiyA gayA hai| carita-kAvyako saphalatAke lie kathAnakakA jesA gaThana honA cAhiye vaisA isa granthameM upalabdha hai| kAlakramase vizRMkhalita ghaTanAoMko ror3hakI haDDIke samAna dRr3ha aura susaMgaThita rUpameM upasthita kiyA hai| rAmako malakathAke cAroM ora anya ghaTanAeM latAke samAna ugatI, bar3hatI aura phailatI huI calI haiN| kathAnakoMkA utAra-car3hAva paryApta sugaThita hai| pAtroM ke bhAgya badalate haiM / paristhitiyA~ unheM kuchase kucha banA detI haiM / ve jIvanasaMgharSa meM jUjhakara dharSaNazIla rUpako avatAraNA karate haiN| nissaMdeha raviSeNane kathAnakasUtroMko kalAtmaka DhaMgase saMjoyA hai / pAritako kathAvastumeM nimnalikhita tattva upalabdha haiM(ka) yogyatA (kha) avasara (ga) satkAryatA (gha) rUpAkRti yogyatA kathAnakako anukUla yA pratikUla paristhitiyoM kI ora mor3anA yogyatAke antargata AtA hai| rAvaNadvArA 'dazaratha-janaka-saMtati vinAzakA kAraNa hogI' aisI zaMkA hone para unake vinAzakI yojanA, sAhasagati vidyAdhara dvArA sugrIvakA veSa banAkara usake rAjya para Adhipatya karanA, rAmake vanavAsameM chAyAke samAna lakSmaNa dvArA bhAIkI sevA karanA Adi prasaMgoMke gaThanameM kavine yogyatAtattvakA samAveza kiyA hai| rAvaNakA rAma-lakSmaNako baliSTha samajha apane bhAI evaM putroMke bando hone para vijayaprAptyartha bahurUpiNI vidyAko siddha karaneke lie prastuta honA kathAnakako pratikUlase anukUla paristhitiyoMkI ora zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 285

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mor3anA hai| isI prakAra agniparIkSAmeM agni-kuNDakA jala-kuNDa honA bhI yogyatAtatvake antargata hai| avasara ___ rasapuSTi ke lie yathAsamaya rasamaya prasaMga yA sanda kA prastutIkaraNa kathAnakaniyojanameM avasaratatva hai / pavananjaya vilApa karato huI aMjanApara, daSTipAta bhI nahIM karatA hai, kintu sUryAstake samaya pativiyogameM vilapatI huI cakandIko dekhakara aMjanAko mAnasika sthitikA anumAna lagA, pavanaJjayakA yuddha ke lie jAte hue mArga meMse lauTa AnA avasaratattvake antargata hai / iso prakAra bharatadvArA rAmase rAjya karanekA Agraha karanepara bhI rAmakI asvIkRttike kAraNa unhoMkI AjJAse nizcita samaya taka rAjya svIkAra karanA bhI kathAnakakA avasaratattva hai| rathanUpurake mAyAmayI parakoTeko tor3aneke lie nalakuvarakI patnokA prasAdhana bhI avasaratattvake antargata hai| satkAryatA satkAyaMtAse tAtparya isa prakArase saMdarbhoke saMyojanase hai, jo svatantrarUpameM apanA astitva rakhakara prasaMgagarbhatvako prApta ho kisI kAryavizeSakI abhivyaMjanA karate haiN| rAvaNadvArA vidyAsiddhihetu tapasyA karanA, devoMkA upadrava kara usako apane lakSyase vicalita karanekA prayatna karanA, dazarathadvArA kaikayIko svayamvarameM prApta kara, yuddha meM sahayoga denepara bara pradAna karanA Adi prasaMga svatantra hote hue bhI mUlakathAnakameM gabhita hokara kAryAcazeSakI abhivyaMjanA kara rahe haiN| rUpAkRti kathAvastumeM itivRttakA vastuvyApAroMke sAtha ucita evaM saMtulitarUpameM niyojana dvArA rUpAkRti upasthita karanA, rUpAkRti nAmaka tattva hai| mUla kathAnakake sAtha avAntara kathAoMkA saMmizraNa aMga-aMgIbhAva dvArA karanA hI isa tattvakA kArya hai| kavi kathAvastukA vistAra na karake choTI-choTI kathAoM dvArA bhI rUpAkRti tatvakA niyojana kara sakatA hai / 'papracaritam' meM rAma-lakSmaNa vanameM nivAsa karate haiM, lakSmaNadvArA zambakakA vadha ho jAtA hai / zokAkulitA usakI mAsA candranakhA rAma-lakSmaNako dekhakara mohita ho, abhilASAkI pUrti na honepara ruSTa ho jAtI hai aura apane patise ulTA-sIdhA bhir3A detI hai| isa prakArako avAntarakathAe~ papracaritameM kaI dazaka haiN| ina avAnsarakathAoMkA 286 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI mAcArya-paramparA

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vastuvyApAroMke sAtha aMga-aMgIbhAvase saMyojana kiyA gayA hai / ataeva rUpAkRtitattvakA pUrNa samAveza huA hai / raviSeNane kathA-vastuke sAtha vAnaravaMza, rAkSasabaMza Adiko vyAkhyAeM bhI buddhisaMgata kI haiN| niHsandeha kavikA yaha grantha prAkRta 'paumacariya' para Adhata honepara bhI kaI maulikatAoMkI daSTise advitIya hai| vAnaravaMzakI utpasike sambandha meM vAlmIkine likhA hai ki brahmAkA nirdeza pAkara anevA devatAoMne apsarAoM, yakSa, RkSa, nAgakanyAoM, kinnariyoM, vidyAdhariyoM evaM vAribAka saMyogasa sahasroM putra utpanna kiye| mAtA-pitAke prAkRtika guNoMse yukta hone ke kAraNa ye svabhAvataH sAhasI, parAkramI, dharmAtmA, myAyanItipriya evaM tejasvI hue| brahmAse jAmavAna, indrase bali, sUyaMse sugrIva, vizvakarmAma nala, agnisa nIla, vRvira se gandhamAdana, bRhaspatise tAra, azvanIkumAra se mayanda aura dvivinda, varuNase suSeNa evaM vAyuse hanumAnako utpatti raviSeNake matAnusAra devatAoMse vAnaroMko utpatti nahIM huI hai, ' na vAnara aura devatAoMkA zArIrika saMyoga sambandha hI siddha hotA hai| anaH brahmA, indra, sUrya, vizvakarmA, mala, agni, kubera, varuNa, pavana Adi tattad nAmadhArI mAnavavyaktivizeSa haiN| ina vyaktivizeSoMse ho vAnarajAtike vyakti paidA hue haiN| raviSeNake mattama vAnara eka mAnavajAtivizeSa haiN| jina vidyAdhara rAjAoMne apanA dhvaja-cita vAnara apanA liyA thA, ve vidyAdhara rAjA bAnaravazI kahalAne lge| dhAnara pazu nahIM haiM, manuSya haiM jo vidyAdharoM yA bhUmigAcariyoMke rUpa meM vaNita haiN| isa prakAra raviSaNane bAlmokidvArA kalpita pazujAtikA gAnavIkaraNa kiyA hai| isI prakAra rAkSasavaMzake sambandhameM bhI raviSaNako mAnyatA vAlmIkise bhinna hai| raviSeNane jisa prakAra vAnaradvIpanivAsiyoMko bAnaravaMzI mAnA hai, usI prakAra rAkSasadvIpavAsiyoMko rAkSasavaMzI kahA hai| batAyA hai ki vijayAIke pazcimameM eka dvIpa hai, jahA~ vidyAdhara rAjAoMkA nivAsa hai| usa dvIpakA nAma rAkSasa dvIpa hai / ata: vahA~ke nivAso rAkSasa kahalAne lage haiN| amarAkhya aura bhAnurAkhya nAmaka tejasvI rAjAoMkI paramparAmeM meghavAhana nAmaka putrane janma liyA / isake rAkSasanAmaka putra utpanna huA, jo atyanta 1. papracaritam 6 / 133, 670-71, 6172-75 / 2. vahI 6 / 214, 6 / 182-186 / 3. vahI 55385 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 287

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: prabhAvazAlI evaM svayazAbhilApI huA isa rAkSasa rAjA se pravartita vaMza rAdhAsavaMza kahalAne lagA 1 ye rAkSasa janasAdhAraNakI rakSA karate the, isaliye bhI rAkSasa kahalAne lage / ataeva rAvaNakI rAkSasa mAnanA bhUla hai / ve sambhrAnta mAnava the, rAkSasa nahIM / isa prakAra kavine rAkSasa aura dAnaravaMzakI viziSTa vyAkhyAe~ prastuta kI hai / chanda. alaMkAra Adiko dRSTise bhI yaha granya mahatvapUrNa hai| isameM 41 prakArake chandoM kA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| kramasaM u 1 2 3 4 19 4 a. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 nAmachanda anuSTup atizcirA apavarka azcalalitam AryA AryAvRttam AryAchanda AryAgIti indravajrA indravadanA upajAti upendravajrA kokilakacchanda caNDI catuSpadikA drutavilambita dodhaka troTaka pRthvI praharSiNI 19 20 21 22 23 1. padmavarita 51386 | 288 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA puSpitAmA pramANikA bhadraka saMkhyA 16440 1 1 12 8 49 27 12 2 134 33 1 1 2 10 10 1 3

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kramasaM0 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 nAmachanda bhujaMgaprayAta mandAkrAntA mattamayUra mAlinI rathoddhatA rucirA vaMzasya 19 vasantatilakA viyoginI vidyunmAlA vaMzapatrapatitam sragdharA zArdUlavikrIDitam zAlinI zikhariNI zrakuchanda hariNI 1 saMgIta- dharmakA prAdurbhAva 2. rAgAtmaka vRttiyoMkA anuraMjana 3. vizeSa manobhAvoM kA kSanuraMjana 4. preSaNIyatAkA samAveza saMkhyA 15 1 219 * 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 isa grantha meM ikkIsa chanda isa prakArake Aye haiM, jinakA nirdhAraNa sambhava nahIM hai / yathA 171405-406, 42 37, 64, 77 112/15, 16, 114/54, 55, 123 / 170-179,181,182 / raviSeNAcAryane saMgItAtmaka saMgIta vikAsake liye chandoyojanA kI hai / yataH viziSTa bhAvoMkI abhivyakti viziSTa chandoMke dvArA hI upayukta hotI haiN| lapako vyavasthA chandoMke nirmANa meM sahAyaka hotI hai / yahIM kAraNa hai ki raviSeNane laya aura svaroMkA sundara nirvAha kiyA hai| inako chandoyojanA ke nimnalikhita uddezya haiM - 25 6 7 1 5 7 3 1 1 alaMkAra-yojanAkI apekSA se bhI yaha kAvya saphala hai| isameM anuprAsa, zleSa, upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka, atizayoki, sandeha, molita, sAra, virodhAbhAsa bhrAntimAna, ullekha, uttara, smaraNa, parikara, ananvaya, vinokti, dRSTAnta, bhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya 289

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kAvyaliMga, nidarzanA, yathAsaMkhyA, vizeSokti, svabhAvokti, pratIpa, udAtta, saMsRSTi Adi 32 prakArake alaMkAra prayukta hue haiM / vizeSokti, yathAsaMkhya ora kAyaliMgake udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiMvizeSokti-- zaurya rakSitalo ko'pi nayAnugatamAnasaH / lakSmyApi kRtasambandho na garvagrahadUSitaH / / rAjA zreNika apanI zara-vIratAse samasta lokoMkI rakSA karatA thA, to bhI usakA mana sadA nItipUrNa thA / lakSmose usakA sambandha thA, phira bhI vaha ahaMkAragrahase dUSita nahIM hotA thA / yahA~ para kAraNa darzAte hue bhI kAryAmukha batAyA gayA hai, ataH vizeSokti alaMkAra hai| yathAsaMstha sphUradyazaHpratApAbhyAmAkrAntabhuvanAvaya / abhirAmadurAloko zItatigmakarAviva // bar3hate huye yaza aura pratApase lokako vyApta karanevAle lava aura kuza candra evaM sUryake samAna sundara tathA durAloka ho gaye / yahA~ para candra aura sUryakA anvaya sundara aura durAlokake sAtha kramazaH hI kiyA gayA hai| svabhAvokti bIkSamANaH sitAn dantAn daaddimiipussplohite| ___ avaTITe makhe teSAM bhAsvatkAJcanatArake / isa padyameM vAnarajAtike svAbhAvika guNoMkA varNana honese svabhAvokti alaMkAra hai| isI prakAra narmadAvarNana, sumeruvarNana, vanavarNana AdimeM bhI mAnavIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| AcAryane apane kAvyake AdhArakA svayaM nirUpaNa karate huye likhA hai varddhamAnajinendroktaH so'yamartho gaNezvaram / indrabhUti pariNAptaH sudharma dhAraNIbhavam / / prabhavaM kramataH kIrti tato'nu(nottaravAgminam / likhitaM tasya saMprApya raveryatno'yamudgataH / / 1. padmacarita 2053 2. vahI 100 / 53 / 3. pamacarita, 6114 / 4. vahI 1141-42 / 290 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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varddhamAna jinendra ke dvArA kahA huA yaha artha indrabhUti nAmaka gautama gaNadharako prApta huaa| tatpazcAt dhAriNIke putra sudharmAcAryako / tadanantara prabhavako aura pazcAt zreSTha vaktA kIrtivara AcAryako ukta artha prApta huA | AcArya raviSeNane inhIM kIrtidhara AcAryake vacanoMkA avalokana kara, isa 'padmacaritam' kI racanA kI hai| yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki padyameM AyA huA kIrtighara AcArya kauna hai aura usake dvArA rAmakathA sambandhI kauna-sA kAvya likhA gayA hai ? jaina sAhityake Aloka meM ukta praznoM kA uttara prApta nahIM hotA hai| zrInAthUrAmajI premIne isa granthako racanA prAkRta 'paumacariya ke AdhAra para mAnI hai| ataH saMkSepameM yaho kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha eka saphala kAvya hai, jisakI racanA kavi AcArya raviSeNake dvArA kI gayI hai / bhUgolakI dRSTi se bhI yaha grantha atyadhika upayogI hai| isameM sRSTiko anAdinidhana batAyA gayA hai aura utsarpaNa evaM avasarpaNa kAlameM hone vAlI vRddhi hAnikA kathana AyA hai / yugamAnakA varNana prAyaH 'tiloyapaNNatti' ke samAna hai / bhogabhUmi aura karmabhUmikI vyavasthA bhI usI ke samAna varNita hai| batAyA hai ki bhogabhUmike parvata atyanta U~ce, pA~ca prakArake varNoMse ujjavala, nAnA prakArakI ratnoMkI kAntise vyApta evaM sarvaprANiyoMko sukhotpAdaka hote haiM / nadiyoMmeM magaramaccha Adi nahIM rahate, para karmabhUmimeM yaha vyavasthA parivartita ho jAtI hai / jaTAsiMhanandi purANa - kAvyanirmAtAke rUpameM jaTAcAryakA nAma vizeSarUpase prasiddha hai / jinasena, udyotanasUri Adi prAcIna AcAryoMne jaTAsiMnandikI prazaMsA kI haiM / jinasena prathamane likhA hai varAGganeva sarvAGgarvarAGgacaritArthavAk / kasya nopAdayed gADhamanurAgaM svagocaram / / ' jisa prakAra uttama strI apane hasta, mukha, pAda Adi aMgoMke dvArA apane viSaya meM gAr3ha anurAga utpanna karatI hai, usI prakAra barAGgacaritako arthapUrNa vANI bhI apane samasta chanda, alaMkAra, roti Adi aMgoM apane viSayameM kisI bhI rasika samAlocaka ke hRdaya meM gAr3ha rAga utpanna karato hai / jinasena dvitIyane bhI apane AdipurANameM jaTAcAryakA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai / likhA hai 1. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 1 / 35 / Aaer aura sArasvatAcArya : 291

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kAvyAnucintate yasya jaTAH prabalavRttayaH / arthAnasmAn vadantIva jaTAcAryaH sa no'vatAt / jinakI jaTArUpa prabala-yuktipUrNa vRttiyA~-TokAe~ kAvyoMke anucintanameM aisI zobhAyamAna hotI thI, mAnoM hameM una kAvyoMkA artha hI batalA rahI haiM, isa prakArake ve AcArya jaTAsiMha hamalogoMko rakSA kreN| udyotanasUrine apanI kubalayamAlAmeM varAGgacaritake racayitAke rUpameM jaTAcAryakA ullekha kiyA hai / jehi kAra ramaNijje baraMga-paumANa-cariya vitthAre / kaha va Na salAhaNijje te kaiNo aDiya-raviseNe // 2 isI prakAra dhavala kavine bhI jaTAcAryakA Adara pUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai muNi mahaseNu suloyaNu jeNa paumariu maNi raviseNeNa / jiNaseNeNa harivaMsu pavittu jaDila muNiNA baraMgacaritta / ' cAmuNDarAyane cAmuNDapurANameM jaTAsiMhanandi AcAryakA varNana kiyA hai aura isameM unhoMne varAGgacaritake racayitAke rUpameM jaTAsiMhanandiko mAnA hai| jIvana-paricaya ___DaoN0 e0 ena0 u'rAdhyene bhaNDArakara oriyanTala risarca insTITyUTa, pUnAkI patrikA 14 vauM jildake prathama-dvitIya aMkameM varAGgacarita aura usake kartA jaTAsiMhanandipara vistRta zodhanibandha prakAzita kiyA thA / tadanantara unhIM dvArA sampAdita ukta grantha san 1938 meM prakAzita huA | isakI prastAvanAmeM Apane likhA hai "kisI samaya nijAma sTeTakA 'kopala' grAma, jise 'kopaNa' bhI kahate haiM, saMskRtikA eka prasiddha kendra thaa| madhyakAlIna bhAratameM jainoMmeM isakI acchI syAti thI aura Aja bhI yaha sthAna purAtana-premiyoMke snehakA bhAjana banA haA hai| isake nikaTa pallakogaNDu nAmakI pahAr3Ipara azokakA eka abhilekha utkINita hai, jisake nikaTa do pada-cihna aMkita haiN| unake ThIka nIce 1. AdipurANa 1 / 5 / 2. kuvalayamAlA, siMtho sIrija, anuccheda chaH pR. 4 / 3. sI0 pI0 aura parArako saMskRtapratiyoMkA kaiTalaoNga, pR0 764 / 292 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya-paramparA

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purAnI kazar3ameM do paMktikA eka abhilekha utkIrNa hai, jisameM likhA hai ki "vAvayyane jaTAsiMhanandyAcAryake padacinhoM ko taiyAra karAyA" / " isase vidita hai ki jaTAsiMhanandyAcAryane 'koppala' meM samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kiyA thaa| DaoN0 upAdhyekA anumAna hai ki ye jaTAsihnandi hI prastuta mahAkavi haiN| kasAhitya meM Aye huye inake vividha ullekha inheM karnATaka adhivAsI siddha karate haiN| sAtha hI yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki koppalameM inhoMne apanA antima jIvana kA do rita bhAge huye varNanoMse bho ye dAkSiNAtya siddha hote haiM / sthitikAla granthakAra apane paricaya aura grantharacanA - samaya ke sambandha meM mauna haiN| uttarakAlIna lekhakoMke ullekhoMke AdhArapara hI inake samayakA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai / udyotanasUrikI 'kuvalayamAlA', jinasena prathamake 'harivaMzapurANa' evaM jinasena dvitIya ke 'AdipurANa' ke ullekhoM ke atirikta uttaravartI pampa, rAyamalla ke mantrI aura senApati cAmuNDarAya, dhavala, nayasena, pArzvapaNDita, mahAkavi jana, guNavarma, kamalabhava evaM mahAbala kaviyoMne bhI varAGgavarita yA jaTAcArya athavA donoMkA smaraNa kiyA hai / ataeva yaha niSkarSa nikAlanA sahaja hai ki jaTAcArya aura unake barAGgacaritakI khyAti I0 san ko AThavIM zatI ke pUrva hI ho cukI thI / yataH udyotanasUrikA samaya I0 san 778 hai / jinasena prathamane harivaMzakI samApti san 783 I0 meM kI thii| AdipurANa (838 I0) meM jinasena dvitIyane jaTAcAryake jisa svarUpakA nirdeza kiyA hai, usa svarUpase pratIta hotA hai ki inakI lahAtI huI jaTAe~ lambI-lambI thiiN| isI kAraNa ye jaTila yA jaTAcArya kahe jAte the / isake pazcAt to jaTAcArya aura unake barAGgacaritakI khyAti itanI bar3hI ki 10vIM zatAbdI ke kannar3a mahAkavi pampane inakA Adara pUrvaka smaraNa kiyA aura cAmuNDarAyane to varAGgacaritake uddharaNa hA de DAle haiM / 11 vIM aura 12 vIM zatI ke apabhraMzake mahAkavi vavala aura kannar3a ke mahAkavi nayasena ne bhI inakA smaraNa kiyA hai / 13 vIM zatI meM varAGgacarita kaviyoMkA Adarza kAvya bana gayA thA / phalataH pArzvapaNDita ( I0 1205) janna ( I0 san 1209), guNavamaM ( I0 1230), kamalabhava ( anumAnata: I0 1235) aura mahAbala ( I0 1254) naM gauravake sAtha inakA smaraNa kiyA hai| ye ullekha varAGgacarita aura usake karttA jaTAcArya kI vyAti evaM lokapriyatAko prakaTa 1. varAGgacarita prastAvanA, 10 63 / Rs zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 293

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karate haiM / tathA sabhI bhASA aura sampradAyoMke kaviyoM dvArA unakA Adara kiyA jAnA batAte haiM / udyotanasUrine inakA ullekha raviSeNase pahale kiyA hai / usase anumAna hai ki AcArya raviSeNase varAGgacaritakAra pUrvavartI haiM aura adhika prasiddha rahe hoMge / ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki jena saMskRta-prabandha-kAvyake ye hI Adya racayitA hai| jisa prakAra AcArya samantabhadra saMskRtake Adya stutikAra haiM, usI prakAra jaTAsihnandi Adi prabandha-kAvyaracayitA haiM / padmacarita aura varAGgacarita ina donoMkI zailI aura sthApatya ke adhyayana se aisA bhI avagata hotA hai ki varAGgacarita padmacaritake pazcAt likhA gayA hai / yataH padmacaritakA sthApatya purANakA hai, to varAGgacaritakA sthApatya purANakAvyakA hai| purANa aura purANa- kAvyameM paryApta antara hai / purANameM kathA sarga - baddha hotI hai aura sAtha hI usameM sAnubandhatA pAyoM jAtA hai| varAGgacaritakI kathA meM anubandhoM kI kamI hai| ataH hamArA anumAna hai ki barAMgacarita padmacaritase kama-se-kama bosa varSa bAda likhA gayA hai| saMskRta kAvyakSetra meM rAmAyaNa, va mahAbhAratake pazcAt alaMkRtakAvyoM kA prAdurbhAva hone lagA thA aura bhAravi jaise kavi kirAtArjunIya jaise kAvyoMkA praNayana kara cuke the / varAGgacarita para 'kirAta' ke sthApatyakA gaharA prabhAva hai / chandoM kA prayoga to 'kirAta' ke samAna hai hI, para yuddha aura vastu varNana bhI 'kirAta' ke samakakSa hai| ataeva jaTAsiMhanandikA samaya bhAravise kucha pazcAdUvartI arthAt 7vIM zatAbdIkA antima pAda honA cAhiye | udyotanasUri ke nirdezale ye 9 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI haiN| ataeva inakA samaya 7vIMkA uttarArdha evaM vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArddha hai / 1. nayasenane dharmAmRta ke prArambha meM nadama paJcase lekara unnatAlIsaveM paca taka guruparamparAkA smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha nimna prakAra hai- abali guNadharabhaTTAraka, ArthamaMkSa, nAgahasti, gharasenAcArya, puSpadanta bhUtabala, jayananda kundakundAcArya, jaTAsiMhanandi, kUdhI bhaTTAraka, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, vidyAnanda, siddhasena zrutakIrti, prabhAcandra, jinasena paNDila, yativRSabha, zubhacandra, siddhAntadeva, rAmanandi saiddhAntika jinasenAcArya, indrasena, bheruNDa paNDita, siddhAteSa, vAdirAja, meghacandra, kIrtideva rAjasiha, pacanandi, sAgaracanda, vAsapUjya bhaTTAraka, prabhAcandra bhaTTAraka. cArusenAcArya amoghacandra, rAmasenavRtti, kanakanandi, akalaMka deva, mAghanandi, pampa, ranna, janna aura guNadharmakA smaraNa kiyA hai| nayasenakA prastuta grantha zaka saM0 1037 nanda saMvatsara ke bhAdrapada ke zuklapakSa meM hastArka dinako samApta huA hU~ / prandhakA racanAkAla granthameM aMkita hai / 294 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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racanAe~ aura pratibhA jaTAsinandiko varAGgacaritake atirikta anya koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hai / para varAGgacaritako praur3hatA aura usameM prasaMgavaza Aye huye saiddhAntika varNanA ke avalokanase yaha vizvAsa nahIM hotA ki isa kaviko yahI eka racanA rahI hogii| hamAre isa anumAnakI pUSTi yogendra racita 'amRtAzIti meM jaTAcAryake nAmase Aye hue nimnalikhita uddharaNase bhI hotI hai'jaTAsiMhanandhAcAryavRttam tAbakriyAH pravartante yAvadadvaitasya gocaraM / advaye niSphale prApte niSkriyasya kutaH kriyaa|| yaha padya varAGgacaritameM nahIM milatA hai| jaTAcArya ke nAmase ullikhita hone ke kAraNa, jisameM yaha padya rahA hai, aisI anya koI racanA honI cAhie / kadine varAGgacaritako caturvarga samanvita, sarala zabda-artha gumphita dharmakathA kahA hai sarvajJabhASitamahAnadadhItabuddhiH spaSTendriyaH sthiramatimitabAGmanozaH / mRSTAkSaro jitasabhaH pragRhItavAkyo / vaktuM kathAM prabhavati pratibhAdiyuktaH / / iti dharmakathoddeze caturvargasamanvite / sphuTazabdArthasaMdarbha varAGgacaritAzrite / / janapada-nagara-nRpati-nRpapatnIvarNano nAma prathamaH sarga: 1 varAGgacarita eka paurANika mahAkAvya hai| isameM purANatattva aura kAvyatattvakA mizraNa hai / isakI kathAvastuke nAyaka 22veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha tathA zrIkRSNake samakAlika varAGga hai| nAyakameM dhIrodAttake sabhI guNa vidyamAna haiN| isa paurANika mahAkAvyameM nagara, Rtu, utsava, kor3A, rati vipralambha, vivAha, janma, rAjyAbhiSeka, yuddha, bijaya AdikA varNana mahAkAvyake samAna hI hai / isameM 31 sarga haiN| para lakSaNa-granthoMke anusAra mahAkAvyameM 30 sargase adhika nahIM hone caahie| nAyaka varAGgameM dharmaniSThA, sadAcAra, kartavyaparAyaNatA, 1. amRtAzIti, mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, pu0 21, pR0 58, padma 67 2. gharAGgacarita, mA0 di0 jana manyamAlA, 1938 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 295

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sahiSNutA, viveka, sAhasa, laukika aura AdhyAtmika zatruoM para vijayaprApti Adi dhIrodAtta nAyaka ke guNa pAye jAte haiM / kathAvastu vinIta dezakI ramyA nadIke taTapara sthiti uttamapura meM bhojanaMgI mahArAja dharmasena rAjya karate the | inakI paTTarAnokA nAma guNavatI thA, isa mahAdevI ke garbhame kumAra varAGgakA janma huA thaa| vayaska honepara varAGgakumArakA vivAha deza kulIna kanyAoM ke sAtha kara diyA gayA / varadatta nAmaka kevalI se dharmopadeza sunakara varAGgane aNuvrata grahaNa kiye| jaba varAGgako yuvarAja pada diyA gayA, to usakI sautelI mAtA tathA bhAI suSeNako IrSyA huii| inhoMne subuddhi mantrIse milakara SaDyantra kiyA, phalataH mantrI dvArA suzikSita eka duSTa ghor3A varAGgako lekara jaMgalakI ora bhAgA aura varAGga sahita eka kue~ meM gira gayA / varAGga kisI prakAra kue~se nikalakara calA to durgama vanameM eka vyAghnane usakA pIchA kiyA | jaMgalI hAthIkI sahAyatA se usakI rakSA hotI hai / anantara eka yakSiNI use eka ajagara se bacAtI hai / araNya meM bhaTakate huye varAGga balike hetu bhIla dvArA pakar3a liyA jAtA hai; kintu sAMpase daMzita bhillarAjake putrakA viSa utAra deneke kAraNa use mukti mila jAtI hai / kumAra varAGga seTha sAgarabuddhike baMjAre se milatA hai aura usakI jaMgalI DAkuoMse rakSA karatA hai| phalataH kazcidbhaTake nAmase ajJAtavAsa karane lagatA hai / hAthI ke lobhase mathurAdhipatile lalitapura para AkramaNa kiyA, to kazcid bhaTane usakA sAmanA kara apanI vIratAkA paricaya diyA / ataeva lalitapurAdhipane AdhA rAjya dekara varAGgakA vivAha apanI kanyAse kara diyaa| varAMgake lupta honepara suSeNako yauvarAja pada prApta hotA hai, para yogyatAke abhAva meM use zAsanaprabandhameM saphalatA prApta nahIM hotI / dharmasenako vRddha evaM uttarAdhikArI zAsaka suSeNako kAyara samajhakara vakulAdhipa uttamapura para AkramaNa karatA hai | ataH dharmasena lalitapurAdhipase sainika sahAyatA mAMgatA hai / isa avasara para varAGgakumAra upasthita ho vakulAdhipako parAsta kara detA hai| janatA usakA svAgata karato hai aura vaha virodhiyoMko kSamAkara pitAkI anumatise digvijaya ke lie prasthAna karatA hai| eka naye samRddha rAjyakI vaha sthApanA karatA hai, jisakI rAjadhAnI sarasvatI nadIke taTapara sthita AnataMpurako banAtA hai| kumAra varAGga yahA~ para eka vizAla jina mandirakA nirmANa karAtA 1. sAhityadarpaNa 332 / 296 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-parampara

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hai aura dhArmika Ayojana pUrvaka nimbapratiSThAvidhiko sampanna karAtA hai / nAstika matoMkA khaNDana kara maMtriyoMke saMdehako nirmUla kara unheM dRr3ha zraddhAnI banAtA hai / kucha dinoMke anantara kumAra varAMgakI anupamA mahArAnIko kukSise putrakA janma hotA hai, jisakA nAma sugAna rakhA jAtA hai / eka dina kumAra barAMga AkAzase TUTate hue tAreko dekhakara virakta ho jAtA hai aura use saMsArako anityatAkA bhAna hotA hai / vaha apane putra sugAtra ko rAjasiMhAsana sauMpakara varadatta kevaloke samakSa jAtA hai aura vahAM digambaro dIkSA grahaNa kara letA hai / rAniyA~ bhI dhArmika dokSA dhAraNa karatA haiM / varAGga kumAra ugra tapazcaraNa karatA hai aura zukladhyAna dvArA karmazatruoM ko parAsta kara sadgati lAbha karatA hai / samIkSA prastuta 'varAMmacarita' ke racayitAne ise dharmakathA kahA hai / para vastutaH hai yaha paurANika mahAkAvya / isameM paurANika kAvyake tattva samaveta haiM / kavine ArambhameM hI kahA hai dravyaM phalaM prakRtameva hi saprabhedaM kSetra ca tIrthamatha kAlavibhAgabhAvI / aGgAni sapta kathayanti kathAprabandhe teH saMyuktA bhavati yuktimatI kayA sA || ---barAGgacaritam 116 spaSTa hai ki kavine ise dharmakathA - paurANika kathAkAvya kahakara isameM purANake sAta aMgoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / kathA rAmabaddha hai tathA kathAmeM nATakakI sandhiyoM kA niyojana bhI hai| Arambhase barAGgake janma takako kathA meM mukhasandhikA niyojana hai / varAMgakA yuvarAja honA aura ISyAMkA pAtra bananA pratimukha- sandhi hai / ghor3e dvArA usakA apaharaNa, ku~emeM girAyA jAnA, ku~ese nikala kara bAhara AnA, vyAghra, bhilla Adike AkramaNoMse usakA rakSita rahanA tathA kumAra varAGgakA sAgaradatta seThake yahA~ guptarUpase nivAsa karanA, bakulAdhipa kA uttamapura para AkramaNa karanA aura kumAra dvArA pratirodha karane takakI kathAvastu meM garbhasandhi hai| isa sandhimeM phala chipA huA hai aura prAptyAzA aura patAkAkA yoga bhI vartamAna hai / kumArakI digvijaya, rAjyasthApanA tathA pratidvandvI suSeNa dvArA zatrutAkA tyAga niyatApti hai / digvijayake kAraNa zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 297

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virodhiyoMkA unmUlana, samRddhi aura abhyudayake sAdhanoMke sadbhAvake kAraNa, AtmakalyANake sAghanoMkA viralatva, jinAlaya nirmANa aura jinabimbapratiSThA sampanna hone para bhI nirvANarUpa phalakI prAptiko asannikaTatA phala prApti meM bAdhaka hai / ataeva isa sthitiko vimarzasandhikI sthiti kahA jA sakatA hai / vArAGgakA virakta hokara tapazcaraNa karanA aura sadgatilAbha nirvahaNasandhi hai | ataH sAmAnyataH kathAvastumaM syaTana sannihita hai, para caturtha sargase dazama sagaM paryanta tathA 26veM aura 27veM sargako kathAvastukA mukhya kathAse koI sambandha nahIM hai| ina sagaka haTA dene para bhI, kathAvastumeM koI kamI nahIM AtI hai / ye saga~ kevala jaina siddhAnta ke vibhinna tatvoMkA pratipAdana karane ke liye hI likhe gaye haiM / 1 yakSiNIkA Agamana aura kumArakA ajagarase rakSA karanA, hAthIkI sahAyatAse vyAghra se bacanA Adi alaulika tattva haiM / isI prakAra ghor3e dvArA kumArakA apaharaNa, mantra dvArA bhillarAjake putrakA nirviSIkaraNa prabhRti Adi aprAkRtika tattva bhI samAviSTa haiM / prakRticitraNa aura vastuvyApAravarNanameM kavi pratyeka vastuko sUkSma se sUkSma vigata detA huA dRzyoMkA tAMtA bA~dhatA calatA hai / yuddha, aTavI Adike varNana to bAlmIki aura vyAsake samAna sAMgopAMga haiN| caritra citraNa meM kavi AvRtti, anuprAsa AdikA prayoga karatA tathA sadupadeza prastuta karatA huA Age bar3hatA hai / vastucitraNakA nimnalikhita udAharaNa dRSTavya hai jalaprabhAbhiH kRtabhUmibhAgAM prAcInadezopahitaprabAlAm / sarvAjaM nopAttakapolapAlIM vaiDUryasavyAnavatIM parArthyAm // hemottamastambhavRtAM vizAlAM mahedranIlapratibaddhakumbhAm / tAM padmarAgopagRhItakaNThAM vizuddharUponnatacArukUTAm // dvijAtivaktrodgalitapralabdhAM muktAkalApacchuritAnta rAlAm / mandAnilA kampicalatpatAkAmAtmaprabhA pitasUryabhAsam // nAnAprakA rojjavala ratnadaNDAM vilAsinIdhAritacAmarA hvAm / Aruhya kanyAM zivikAM pRthuzrIH purIM vivezottamanAmadheyAm ' // pAlakIkA gharAtala pAnI ke samAna raMgoM kA banAyA gayA thA, phalataH vaha jalakuNDako bhrAnti utpanna karatA thA / usako bandanavArameM lage hue mUMge dUra dezase lAye gaye the / usake kabUtaroM yukta chajje banAne meM to sAre saMsArakA dhana hI kharca ho gayA thaa| usakI chata vaidUrya maNiyoMse nirmita thI / svarNaM 1. varAGgacarita 2 / 53-56 / 298 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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nirmita stambhoM para mahendranIlamaNike kalaza tathA UparI bhAga padmarAgamaNise khacita thA aura rajatake kalaza suzobhita the| UparI bhAgameM maNiyoMke pakSI bane the, jinake mukhasa girate hue muktAphala citrita kiye gaye the / pAlako kA madhyabhAga muktAmaNiyose vyApta thA / Upara lagI huI patAkAeM laharA rahI thiiN| uThAneke daNDoMmeM nAnA prakArake ratna jaTita the| spaSTa hai ki kalpanAke aizvarya ke sAtha-sAtha kavikA sUkSma nirIkSaNa bhI abhinandanIya hai| pAlakoMke stambhoM para Upara aura nIce donoM aura kalazoMkA vivecana, kavikI daSTikI jAgarUkatAkA paricAyaka hai / yadyapi isa prakArake varNana kAnyakI rasapezalatAko vRddhi nahIM karate, to bhI varNanakI maMjula chaTA vikIrNa kara pAThakoMko camatkRta karate haiN| __ kalpanA aura varNanoMke srota kavine bAlmIki aura azvaghoSase grahaNa kiya haiN| vAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM jisa prakAra zarpaNakhA rAma-lakSmaNase pati bananekI prArthanA karatA hai, usI prakAra pakSiNI isa kAvyameM varAGgase / nizcayataH isa kalpanAkA srota bAlmIki rAmAyaNa hai| ___ varNana, dhAbhika, tathya aura kAvya camatkAroMke rahane para bhI kavine rasAbhivyaktimeM purA kauzala pradarzita kiyA hai / varAMDa aura usakI navoDhA patniyoMkI keli krIr3Aoke citra meM saMbhoga-zRMgArakA sajIva rUpa prastuta kiyA gyaa| hai| kavine trayodaza sargameM vIbhatsa rasakA bahuta hI sundara nirUpaNa kiyA hai| pulindakA vastImeM jana kumAra varAGga pahu~cA, to use vahIM pulindarAjake jhopar3eke cAroM ora hAthiyoMke dA~toMkI bAr3ha, mRgoMko asthiyoMke r3hera, mAMsa aura raktase plAvita zavoM dvArA usakA acchAdana, baiThaneke maNDapameM carvI, aute, nasanAr3iyoM ke vistAra tathA durgandha pUrNa vAtAvaraNa milaa| kavine yahAM pulindarAjake jhopar3eko vIbhatsatAkA mUrtarUpa citrita kiyA hai| pulindake bhoSaNa kArAgArakA citraNa bhI kama vIbhatsatA utpanna nahIM karatA hai| kavine caturdaza sagaMmeM vIrarasakA pUrNa citraNa kiyA hai| pulindarAjake sAtha usake sampanna hue yuddhakA samasta vibhAba aura anubhAvoM sahita nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa kAvyameM vasantatilakA, upajAti, puSpittAyA, maharSiNI, mAlinI, 1. varAGgacarita, sarga 2, padya 89.54 / 2. vahIM sarga 13 zloka 50-51 / 3. vahIM sarga 13 zloka 56-57 / 4, vahI sarga 16 zloka 35-46 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 299

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bhujaMgaprayAta, vaMzastha, anuSTup, mAlabhAriNI aura drutavilambita chandoMkA prayoga huA hai / kaviko upajAti chanda bahuta priya hai / bhASAmeM jahA~ pADitya hai, vahA~ vyAkaraNa-skhalana bhI pAyA jAtA hai / isa kAvyake prArambhake tIna sagoMmeM kavikI apUrva kAvyaprasibhA parilakSita hotI hai 1 AcArya akalaMkadeva prAstAvika jaina paramparAmeM yadi samantabhadra jaina nyAyake dAdA hai, to akalaMka pitaa| ye bar3e prakhara tArkika aura dArzanika the| bauddha darzanameM jo sthAna dharmakotiko prApta hai, jaina darzanameM vahI sthAna akalaMkadevakA hai| inake dvArA racita prAya: sabhI grantha jaina darzana aura jaina nyAya viSayaka haiN| inake ina granthoMko, ina viSayoMkA kAra' grantha kahA jA sakatA . akalaMkake sambandha meM zravaNavelagolAke abhilekhoMmeM aneka sthAna para smaraNa AyA hai| abhilekhasaMkhyA 47 meM likhA hai "baTtakeMvakalaGkadevavibudhaH sAkSAdayaM bhUtale." arthAt akalaMkadeva SaTdarzana aura tarkazAstrameM isa pRthvI para sAkSAt vibudha (bRhaspatideva) the| eka anya abhilekhameM inake dvArA bauddhAdi ekAntavAdiyoMko parAsta kiye jAnekI carcA kI gayI hai bhaTTAkalaGko'kRta saugatAdidurvAkyapaGkassakalabhUtaM / jagatsvanAmeva vidhAtumuccaiH sArtha sAmantAdakalaGkameva / / nizcayataH akalaMkadeva dvAsa jaina nyAyakA sambarddhana huA hai| abhilekha naM. 108 meM pUjyapAdake pazcAt akalaMkadevakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura mithyAtva andhakArako dUra karaneke liye sUryake tulya batAyA gayA hai-- tataH paraM zAstravidAM munInA magresaro'bhUdakalaGkasUriH / mizyAndhakArasthagitAkhilAH prakAzitA yasya vacomayUkhaiH // 1. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha 47, pR0 62, pa 30 / 2. vahI, pu0 198-199, padya 21 / / 2. vahI, pR. 211, paca 18, abhilekha 108 / 300 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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jIvana-paricaya akalaMka mAnyaSka rAjA, zubhama bhAtrI puruSAlamatra the / 'rAjApalikathe' meM inheM kAJcoMke jinadAsa nAmaka brAhmaNakA putra kahA gayA hai| para tatvArthavAtikake prathama adhyAyake anta meM upalabdha prazastise ye laghahabbanRpattike putra pratIta hote haiN| prazastimeM likhA hai..... jIyAcciramakala'brahmA laghahalcanapativaratanayaH / anabaratanikhilajananusavidhaH prazastajanahRdyaH / / ye laghuhavvanRpati kauna haiM aura kisa pradezake rAjA the, yaha isa padyase yA anya sronase jJAta nahIM hotaa| nAmase itanA pratIta hotA hai ki unheM dakSiNakA honA cAhie aura usI kSetrake ve nRpati rahe hoNge| prabhAcandra ke kathAkoSameM akalaMkako kathA dete hue likhA hai ki ekabAra aSTAhnikA parvake abasarapara akalaMkake mAtA-pitA apane putra akalaMka aura nikalaka mahita munirAjake pAsa darzana karane gye| dharmopadeza zravaNa karaneke pazcAta unhoMne ATha dinoMke liye brahmacarya vrata grahaNa kiyA aura putroMko bhI brahmacaryavrata dilAyA / jaba donoM bhAI vayaska hae aura mAtA-pitAne unakA vivAha karanA cAhA, to unhoMne munike samakSa lI gayI pratijJAkI yAda dilAyo aura vivAha karanese inkAra kara diyaa| pitAne putroMko samajhAte huye kahA ki "vaha vrata to kebala ATha dinoMke liye hI grahaNa kiyA gayA thA / ataH vivAha karane meM koI bhI rukAvaTa nahIM hai / " pitAke ukna vacanoMko sunakara putroMne uttara diyA-"usa samaya, samaya-somAkA jika nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| ata: lI gayI pratijJAko tor3A nahIM jA sktaa|" pitAne puna: kahA-"vatsa ! tuma loga usa samaya abuddha the| ata: lI gayI pratijJAmeM samaya-somAkA dhyAna nahIM rakhA / vahA~ liye gaye yatakA Azaya kevala ATha dinoMke liye hI thA, jIvana-paryantake liye nahIM / ataeva vivAha kara tumheM hamArI izchAoMko pUrNa karanA caahiye|" patra bole-"pitAjI! eka bAra lI gayI pratijJAko tor3A nahIM jA sakatA / ata: yaha vrata to jIvana-paryanta ke liye hai / vivAha karanekA aba prazna hI nahIM utthtaa|" putroMko dRr3hatAko dekhakara mAtA-pitAko Azcarya huaa| para ve unake abhyudayakA khyAlakara unakA vivAha karane meM samartha na hue| akalaMka aura niSkalaMka brahmavaryakI sAdhanA karate hue vidyAdhyayana karane lge| zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 301

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kAJcIpurImeM bauddhadharmake pAlaka pallavarAjako chatrachAyAmeM akalaMkane bauddhanyAyakA adhyayana kiyA / akalaMka zAstrArthI vidvAn the / inhoMne dIkSA lekara sudhApurake dezIyagaNakA AcAryapada suzobhita kiyA / akalaMkane himazItala rAjAkI sabhAmeM zAstrArtha kara tArAdevIko parAsta kiyA / ' 'brahma nebhidattakRta ArAdhanAkathAkoSa aura malliSeNa-prazastise bhI ukta tathya puSTa hotA hai| malliSeNa-prazastikA aMkanakAla zaka saM0 1050 hai / ataeva I0 san 1071 ke lagabhaga akalaMkadevake sambandhameM ukta mAnyatA pracalita ho gayI tho tArA yena vinijitA ghaTa-kuTI-gar3hAvatArA sama bauddhoM dhUta-poTha-pIDita-kudRgdevAtta-sevAJjaliH / prAyazcittamivAjri-vArija-raja-snAnaM ca yasyAcarat doSANAM sugatassa kasya viSayo devAkalayuH kRtI // cuunni|| ysyedmaatmno'nny-saamaany-nirvdy-vidyaa-vibhvopvrnnnmaaknnyte|| rAjansAhasatuGga santi bahavaH zvetAtapatrA nRpAH kintu tvatsadazA raNe vijayinastyAgonnatA dullbhaaH| tvadvatsanti budhA na santi kavayo vAdozvarA vAgmino nAnA-zAstra-vicAracAturadhiyaH kAle kalo madvidhAH' / / nemidattake ArAvanAkathAkoSameM batAyA hai-'mAnyakheTake rAjA zubhatuMga the| unake maMtrIkA nAma puruSottama thA / padmAvatI unakI patnI thI / padmAvatIke garbhase do putra utpanna hue-akalaMka aura niSkalaMka / aSTAhikA mahotsavake prArambhameM puruSottama mantrI sakuTumba ravigupta nAmaka munike darzanArtha gaye aura vahAM unhoMne putroM sahita ATha dinoMkA brahmacarya vrata grahaNa kiyaa| puvAvasthA honepara putroMne vivAha karanese inkAra kara diyA aura vidyAdhyayanameM saMlagna ho gaye / usa sayaya bauddhadharmakA sarvatra pracAra thA / ataeva ve donoM mahAbodhi-vidyAlayameM bauddha-zAstroMkA adhyayana karane lge| eka dina gurumahodaya ziSyoMko saptabhaMgo-siddhAnta samajhA rahe the, para pATha azuddha honeke kAraNa ve use ThIka nahIM samajhA sake / guruke kahIM cale jAne para akalaMkane usa pAThako zuddha kara diyaa| isase gurumahodayako unapara jaina honekA sandeha hmaa| kucha dinoM meM unhoMne apane prayatnoM dvArA unako jaina pramANita kara liyaa| donoM bhAI kArAgRhameM banda kara diye gaye / rAtrike 1. jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, prathamabhAga, abhilekha 54, pR0 104, padya 20-21 / 302 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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samaya donoM bhAIyoMne kArAgRhase nikala jAnekA prayatna kiyaa| ve apane prayatnameM saphala bhI huye aura kArAgRhase nikala bhAge / prAtaHkAla hI boddha guruko unake bhAga jAnekA patA calA / unhoMne cAroM ora ghur3asavAroMko daur3Akara donoM bhAIyoMko pakar3a lAnekA Adeza diyA / ghur3asavAroM ne unakA pIchA kiyaa| kucha dUra Age calana para donoM bhAIyone apane pIche AnevAle ghur3asavAroMko dekhA aura apane prANoMkI rakSA na hote dekha akalaMka nikaTake eka tAlAba meM kUda par3e / aura kamalapatroMse apane Apako AcchAdita kara liyA / niSkalaMka bhI prANarakSAke liye zoghratAse bhAga rahe the| unheM bhAgatA dekha tAlAbakA eka dhobI bhI bhayabhIta hokara sAtha-sAtha bhAgane lgaa| ghur3asavAra nikaTa A cuke the / unhoMne una donoMko zIghra hI pakar3a liyA aura unakA vadha kara ddaalaa| ghur3asavAroke cale jAne para, akalaMka tAlAbase nikala nibhaya hokara bhramaNa karane lge| kaliMga dezake ratanasaMcayapurakA rAjA himazItala thaa| usakI rAnI madanasundarI jinadharmakI bhaka thii| vaha bar3e utsAhake sAtha jaina ratha nikAlanA cAhatI tho / kintu bauddha guru ratha nikalane deneke pakSameM nahIM the| unakA kahanA thA ki koI bhI jana vidvAna jaba taka mujhe zAstrArtha meM parAjita nahIM kara degA, tabataka ratha nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA hai | guruke viruddha rAjA kucha nahIM kara sakatA thA / bar3e dharmasaMkaTakA samaya upasthita thA / jaba akalaMkako yaha samAcAra milA, to ve rAjA himazItalakI sabhAmeM gaye aura bauddha guruse zAstrArtha karaneko kahA / donoMmeM cha: mAsa taka paradeke andara zAstrArtha hotA rahA / akalaMkako isa zAstrArthase bar3A Azcarya huA | unhoMne isakA rahasya jAnanA cAhA / unheM zodhna ho jJAta ho gayA ki bauddha garuke sthAna para, paradeke andara ghar3e meM baiThI bauddhadevo tArA zAltrArtha kara rahI hai| unhoMne paradeko kholakara ghar3eko phor3a ddaalaa| tArAdevo bhAga gayI aura bauddha guru parAjita hue| janaratha nikAlA gayA aura jainadharmakA mahattva prakaTa huA / ' / 'rAjAvAlakathe'meM bhI ukta kathA prAyaH samAna rUpameM milatI hai| antara itanA hI hai ki kAJcIka bauddhone himazItalakI sabhAme jainose isI zataM para zAstrArtha kiyA ki hArane para usa sampradAyake sabhI manuSya kolhameM pelavA diye diye jAyaM / isa kathAka anusAra yaha zAstrArtha 17 dinoM taka calA hai| akalakako kusUmANDinI devAne svapna meM darzana dekara kahA ki tuma apane praznoMko prakArAntarasa upasthita karane para jIta skoge| akalaMkane vaisA hI kiyA aura ve vijayI hue / bauddha kaliMgase silona cale gaye / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 303

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uparyukta kathAnakoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki akalaMkadeva digvijayI zAstrArthI vidvAna the| malliSeNa-prazastike dUsare padyameM AyA hai ki rASTrakUTavaMzI rAjA , sAhasatuMgakI sabhA meM unhoMne sampUrNa bauddha vidvAnoMko parAjita kiyA / kAJcIke pallavavaMzo rAjA himazItalako rAjasabhAmeM bhI unhoMne apUrva vijaya prApta kI thI / isI kAraNa vidyAnandane aphAkapho sakatanakAyamacUdamAga kahA hai / samaya-nirdhAraNa-akalaMkadevake samayake sambandhameM do dhAraNAeM pracalita haiN| prathama dhAraNAke pravartaka DA0 ke0 bI0' pAThaka haiM aura dUsarI dhAraNAke pravartaka pro. zrIkaNTha zAstrI tathA AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra haiN| DA. pAThakane malliSeNa-prazastike 'rAjan sAhasatuMga' zlokake AdhAra para inheM rASTrakRTa-baMzI rAjA dantidurga yA kRSNarAja prathamakA samakAlIna siddha kiyA hai tathA akalaMkacaritake nimnalikhita padyameM Aye hue "vikramArka' padakA artha zaka saMvat kiyA hai vikramArkazakAbdIyazatasaptapramAjuSi / kAle akalaMkayatino bauddharvAdo mahAnabhUt / / ataH inake matAnusAra aphalaMkA samaya zaka saM0 700 (778 I0) hai| dUsarI vicAradhArAke poSaka zrIkaNThazAstrI aura AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra ukta padyameM Aye hae 'vikramAka' padakA artha vikrama saMvat karate haiM / ataH akalaMkakA samaya vi0 saM0 700 (I0 san 643) kA vidvAn mAnate haiN| prathama paramparAke samarthakoM meM sva. DA0 Ara0 jI0 bhaNDArakara, sva. DA. satIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNa aura sva. zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI haiN| dUsarI dhAraNAke 1. DA. ke0 bI0 pAThaka-(bhartRhari) aura kumArila-ja- cha0 rA. e. so. bhAga 18), a0 satIzacanda vidyAbhUSaNa-(hi- i. lA* pR0 186), DA. esa. AlTekara (dI rASTrakUTAja esaDa deara TAimsa, pR0 409). paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI (jai hi. bhAga 11 aMka 5-8), DA. vI. e. sAletora (miDi0 aMni pR0 35), Ara narasiMhAcArya (insa0 eTa vaNavelagolAke dvi0 saM0 kI bhUmikA), esa. zrIkaNTha zAstrI (e. mA0 o0 ri0 I0 bhAga 12 meM 'dI eja Apha zaMkara'), paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra (ja. sA. 60 vi0 pra0 pu. 541), DA. e. ena. upAdhye (DA. pAThakAja vyu oNna anantavIryAja DeTa-e. bhA0 di060 mAga 13, pR0 161), paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI (nyA. ku. pa., prathama mAgakI prastA0 pu. 104), DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina-jana sandeza zoka tathA paM. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya (siM0 bi. kI prastA, pR. 44), DA. Ara. jo bhaNDArakara (zAntarakSitAsa ripaTeMsasa), piTarsana Adi / 304 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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poSakoM meM DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye, AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra aura zrI paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrI prabhRti vidvAn haiM / ukta donoM dhAraNAoMkA AloDana kara DA0 mahendrakumArajo nyAyAcAryane akalaMkadvArA bhartRhari kumArila dharmati kI Adi AcArya ke vicAroMkI AlocanA pAkara akalaMkakA samaya I0 san 8 vIM zatI siddha kiyA hai / nyAyAcArya jIke pramANa paryApta sabala haiN| Apane akalaMkadevake granthoMkA sukSma adhyayana kara ukta niSkarSa nikAlA hai' / AcArya kailAzacandrajI zAstrIne gahana adhyayana kara akalaMkadevakA samaya I . 0 san 620 - 680 taka nizcita kiyA hai aura mahendrakumArajIke anusAra yaha samaya I0 san 720 - 780 AtA hai| isa taraha ina dono samayoMke madhyame 100 varSoMkA antara hai / dhanaJjayane apanI nAmamAlA meM eka padya likhA hai, jisameM akalaMkake pramANakA jikra AyA hai / likhA hai pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam 1 dhanaJjayakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayabhapazcimam || akalaMkakA pramANa, pUjyapAdakA vyAkaraNa aura dhanaJjaya kavikA kAvya ye tInoM apazcima ratna haiM / akalaMkadevakI jenanyAyako sabase bar3I dena hai pramANa / inake dvArA kI gayI pramANavyavasthA digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoke AcAryoMne apanI-apanI pramANamImAMsAviSayaka racanAoM meM jyoM-kA-tyoM anukaraNa kiyA hai / ataH dhanaMjayane isa padyameM jaina tArkika akalaMkadeva aura unake pramANazAstrakA ullekha kiyA hai / dhanaJjayake pazcAt vIrasenasvAmIne apanI ghavalA tathA jayadhavalA TIkAoMmeM aura unake ziSya jinasenane mahApurANa meM akalaMkakA nirdeza kiyA hai| vIrasena svAmIne akalaMkadevakA nAmollekha kiye binA 'tattvArthabhASya' ke nAmase unake tattvArthavArtikakA tathA siddhivinizcayakA ullekha karake unake uddharaNa diye haiN| jinasenane likhA hai 1. nyAyakumudacandra bhAga 2, akalaMkagranyatraya evaM siddhivinizcayaTIkA ina tInoM granthoMkI prastAvanA | 20 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 305

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bhaTTAkalaGkazrIpAlapAtrakesariNAM guNAH / viduSAM hRdayAtaH haaraaynte'tinirmaa| arthAt bhaTTa akalaMka, zrIpAla aura pAtrakesarI Adi AcAryoMke atyanta nirmala guNa vidvAnoMke hRdaya meM maNimAlAke samAna suzobhita hote haiM / vIrasenane dhadhalATokAmeM 'pati' zabdakA artha batalAneke lie eka padya uddhRta kiyA hai, jo dhanaJjaya kavikI anekArthanAmamAlAkA 39 vAM padya hai| ataH dhanaJjaya vIrasenase pUrvavartI haiM aura dhanaJjayase pUrvavartI akalaMka hue haiN| ataeva akalaMkakA samaya sAtavIM zatIkA uttarAddhaM siddha hotA hai / racanAe~ akalaMkadevakI racanAoMko do vargomeM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama vargameM unake svatantra-grantha aura dvitIya vargameM TIkA-grantha rakhe jA sakate haiN| svatantra-grantha nimnalikhita haiM 1. svopajJavRttisahita laghIyastraya 2. nyAyavinizcaya savRtti 3. siddhivinizcaya savRtti 4. pramANasaMgraha savRtti TIkAgrantha 1. tattvAvAttika sabhASya / 2. aSTazatI-devAgamavivRti / 1. sadhIyastrayoM meM tIna choTe-choTe prakaraNoMkA saMgraha hai-(1) pramANapraveza (2) nayapraveza aura (3) nikSepapraveza / pramANapravezake cAra pariccheda haiM-(1) pratyakSapariccheda (2) viSayapariccheda (3) parokSapariccheda aura (4) Agamapariccheda / ina cAra paricchedoMke sAtha nayapraveza tathA pravacanapravezako milAkara kula chaH pariccheda svopajJavivRttimeM pAye jAte haiM / laghIyastrayake vyAkhyAkAra AcArya prabhAcandrane pravacanapravezake bhI do pariccheda karake kula sAta paricchedoM para apanI 'nyAyakumudacandra' vyAkhyA likhI hai| laghIyastraya meM kula 78 kArikAe~ haiM kintu madrita laghIyastrayameM 77 ho kArikAeM haiM, "lakSaNaM kSaNikaikAnte'(kArikA 35) nahIM hai / isake prathama paricchedameM sAr3he chaH, dvitIya paricchedameM 3, tRtIyameM 12, caturthameM 7, paMcamameM 21 tathA SaSThI 28 isa prakAra kula 78 kArikAeM haiN| 1. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITa saMskaraNa, 1153 / 2. akalalagranthatrayake antargata, siMghI sirIja / 306 : tIrthakara mahAvIra ora unakI AcArya-paramparA

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akalaMkadevane isapara saMkSipta vivRti bhI likhI hai| para yaha vivRti kArikAoMkA vyAkhyAnarUpa na hokara sUcita viSayoMkI pUraka hai| yaha mUla zlokoMke sAtha hI sAtha likhI gayI hai| paM0 mahendrakumArajIne likhA hai-"mAlUma hotA hai ki akaladeva jisa padArthako kahanA cAhate haiM, ve usake amuka aMzakI kArikA anAkara bAkIko gadyabhAgameM likhate haiN| ata: viSayakI dRSTise gadya aura padya donoM milakara hI granthakI akhaNDatA sthira rakhate haiN| dharmakIrtikI pramANavArtikako vRtti bhI kucha isI prakArako hai| usameM bhI kArikokta padArthako pUrti tathA spaSTatAke lie bahuta kucha likhA gayA hai / laghIyastrayake prathama paricchedameM samyakjJAnakI pramANatA, pratyakSa parokSakA lakSaNa, pratyakSake sAMvyavahArika aura mukhya rUpase do bheda, sAMvyavahArikake indriyAnindriya pratyakSarUpase do bheda, mukhya pratyakSakA samarthana, sAMvyavahArikake avagrahAdirUpa bheda tathA unake lakSaNa, avagrahAdike bahvAdirUpa meda, bhAvaindriya, dravya indriyake lakSaNa, pUrva-pUrva jAnakI pramANatA aura uttarottara jJAnoMkI phaLarUpatA Adi viSayoMkA kathana AyA hai| dvitIya paricchedameMdravya paryAyAtmaka vastukA pramANaviSayatva tathA arthakriyAkAritvake vivecanake pazcAt nityaikAnta aura kSaNikaikAntameM krama-yogapadyase arthakriyAkAritvakA amAva pratipAdita kiyA hai| vastuko nitya mAnanepara AnevAle doSoMko samIkSA kI hai| vastu na sarvathA nitya hai aura na anitya / vaha kisI navizeSakI apekSAse nitya hai aura itara nayakI apekSAse anitya / likhA hai ki medAbhedAtmaka vastu dravyAthika aura paryAyika nayakI apekSAse ho ghaTita hotI hai| dravyAthika abhedakA Azraya karatA hai aura paryAthika bhedakA / yathA arthakriyA na yujyate nitya-kSaNikapakSayoH / kramA'kramAbhyAM bhAvAnAM sA lakSaNatayA matA // tRtIya paricchedameM mati, smRti, saMjJA, cintA tathA abhinibodhakA zabdayojanAse pUrva avasthAmeM mativyapadeza tathA uttara avasthAmeM zrutavyapadeza, vyAptikA grahaNa pratyakSa aura anumAnake dvArA sambhava na honese vyAptigrAhI tarkakA prAmANya, anumAnakA lakSaNa, jalacandrake dRSTAntase kAraNahetukA samarthana, kRttikodaya Adi pUrvacara hetukA samarthana, adRzyAnupalabdhise paracaitanya AdikA 1. akalakapanyatraya, prastAvanA, puSTha 35-36 / 2. latrIyastraya, kArikA 8 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 307

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abhAvajJAna, naiyAyikAbhimata upamAnakA sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnameM antarbhAva, pratyabhijJAnake desAdRzya, ApekSika pratiyogI Adi medoMkA nirUpaNa, bauddhamatameM svabhAvAdi hetuoMke prayogameM kaThinatA, anumAna-anumeyavyavahArakI vAstavikatA evaM vikalpabuddhikI pramANatA Adi parokSajJAnase sambandha rakhanevAle viSayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| caturtha parisara, jJAna kA kiyA apamAnAkA niSedha kara pramANAbhAsakA svarUpa, savikalpa jJAnameM pratyakSabhAsatAkA abhAva, avisaMvAda aura visaMvAdase pramANa-pramANabhAsavyavasthA, viprakRSTa viSayoM meM zrutakI pramANatA, hetUvAda aura Aptokta rUpase dvividha zrutakI avisaMvAdi honese pramANatA, zabdoMke vivakSAvAcitvakA khaNDanakara unakI arthavAcakatA Adi zrutasambandhI viSayoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pramANake svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phalakA nirUpaNa mI pramANapravezameM kiyA hai| paJcama paricchedameM naya-durnayake lakSaNa, dravyAthika aura paryAyArthika rUpase nayake mUla bheda, sadrUpase samasta vastuoMke grahaNakA saMgrahanayatva, brahmavAdakA saMgrahAbhAsatva, bauddhAbhimata kSaNika ekAntakA nirAsa, gaNa-guNI, dharma-dharmIkI gauNa-mukhya viSakSAmeM negamatrayakI pravRtti, vaizeSikasammata guNa-guNyAdike ekAnta bhedakA negamAbhAsatva, pramANika bhedakA vyavahAranayatva, kAlpanika bhedakA vyavahArAbhAsatva, kAlakArakAdike medase arthabhedanirUpaNako zabdanayatA, paryAyabhedase arthabhedaka kacanakA samabhirU nayatva, kriyAbhedase arthabhedaprarUpaNakA evaM. bhUtanayatva, sAmagrI-bhedase abhinna vastumeM bhI SaTakArakIkA sambhavatva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ ladhIyastrayakA dvitIya prakaraNa nayapraveza samApta hotA hai| zabdajJAnako pratyakSatAkA nirasanakara anumAnavat usako parokSatA siddha karate hue akalaGkadevane likhA hai 'akSazabdArthavijJAnamavisaMvAdataH samam / aspaSTa zabdavijJAnaM pramANamanumAnabat // tadutpattisArUpyAdilakSaNavyabhicAre'pi AtmanA yadarthaparicchedalakSaNaM jJAnaM tattasyeti sambandhAt / vAgarthajJAnasyApi svayamavisaMvAdAt pramANatvaM samakSavat / vivakSAvyatirekeNa vAgarthajJAnaM vastutattvaM pratyAyayati anumAnavat, sambandhaniyamAbhAvAt / vAcyavAcakalakSaNasyApi sambandhasya bahirarthapratipattihetutopalabdheH ' / / 1. ladhIyastraya, savRtti, kArikA 46 / 308 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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pravacanapravezameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepake kayanako pratijJA, artha aura Alokako jJAnakAraNatAkA khaNDana, andhakArako jJAnakA viSaya honese AvaraNarUpatAkA abhAva, tajjanma, tAdrUpya aura tadadhyavasAyakA pramANa meM atrayoMjakatva, zrutake sakalA deza aura vikalAdezarUpa upayoga, "syAdastyeva jIvaH " isa vAkyako vikalAdezatA, "syAjjIva eva" isa vAkyako sakalAdezatA, zabdakI vivakSAse bhinna vAstavika arthakI vAcakatA, naigamAdi sAta nayoM meM se Adike cAra nayoMkA arthanayasva, zeSa tIna nayoMkA zabdanayatva, nAmAdi cAra nikSepoMke lakSaNa, aprastutanirAkaraNa tathA prastuta arthakA nirUpaNarUpa nikSepakA phala ityAdi pravacanake adhigamopAyabhUta pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| zAstrajJAnakA sAditva anAditva siddha karate hue likhA hai / yathA zrutAdarthamanekAntamadhigamyAbhisandhibhiH / parIkSya tAMstAn taddharmAnanekAn vyAvahArikAn // nayAnugatanikSepairupAyairbhedavedane / viracayyArthavAkpratyayAtmamedAn zrutApitAn // anuyujyAnuyogezca nirdezAdibhidAM gataH / dravyANi jIvAdInyAtmA vivRddhAbhinivezanaH || jIvasthAnaguNasthAnamAgaMNAsthAna tattvavit / taponirjIrNakarmA'yaM vimuktaH sukhamRcchati' || isa prakAra isameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / 2. nyAyavinizcaya savRtti vinizcayAnta grantha likhaneko praNAlI prAcIna rahI hai / dharmakIrtikA bhI pramANa vinizcaya nAmaka grantha milatA hai / 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM bhI 'lokavinizcaya' nAmaka granthako sUcanA hai| nyAyavinizcaya meM pratyakSa, anumAna aura pravacana ye tIna prastAva haiM / prathama prastAva meM 1693, dvitIyameM 2163 aura tRtIya meM 94, kula 480 kArikAeM haiN| siddhasena ke nyAyAcatArameM bhI pratyakSa, anumAna aura zabda ina tIna pramANoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / prathama pratyakSa prastAva meM pratyakSa pramANapara vistArapUrvaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isameM indriyapratyakSakA lakSaNa, pramANasamplavasucana, cakSurAdi 1. laghIyastraya, kArikA 73-76 / 2. vAdirAjasUrikI TIkAsahita bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI dvArA prakAzita hai / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 309

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buddhiyoM kA vyavasAyakala vikale ali Adi lakSaNoMkA khaNDana, jJAna ke parokSavAdakA nirAkaraNa, jJAnake svasaMvedanakI siddhi, jJAnAntaravedyajJAnakA nirAsa, acetanajJAnanirAsa, sAkArajJAnanirAsa, nirAkArajJAnasiddhi, savedanAdvaitanirAsa, vibhramavAdanirAsa, bahirarthasiddhi citrajJAnakhaNDana, paramANurUpa bahirarthakA nirAkaraNa, avayavoMse bhinna avayavIkA khaNDana, arthake utpAda-vyayadravyakA lakSaNa, guNa- paryAyakA svarUpa, sAmAnyakA svarUpa, zrauvyakA samarthana, apoharUpa sAmAnyakA nirAsa, vyaktise bhinna sAmAnyakA khaNDana, dharmakItisammata pratyakSalakSaNakA khaNDana, bauddhakalpita svasaMvedana, yogi, mAnasa pratyakSa nirAsa, sAMkhyakalpita pratyakSalakSaNakA khaNDana, naiyAyika ke pratyakSakA samAlocana, atIndriya pratyakSakA lakSaNa Adi viSayoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / 1 dvitIya anumAnaprastAva anumAnase sambaddha hai / isameM anumAnakA lakSaNa, pratyakSakI taraha anumAnako bahirarthaviSayatA, sAdhya - sAdhyAbhAsake lakSaNa, bauddhAdimatoM meM sAdhya prayogakI asambhavatA zabdakA arthavAcakatva, zabdasaGkatagrahaNaprakAra, bhUtacaitanyavAdakA nirAkaraNa, guNa-guNIbhedakA nirAkaraNa, sAdhana-sAdhanAbhAsake lakSaNa, prameyatvahetukI anekAntasAdhakatA, satva hetu kI pariNAmitA prasAdhakatA, vairUpyakhaNDanapUrvaka anyathAnupapattisamarthana, tarkakI pramANatA, anupalambhahetukA samarthana pUrvacara, uttaracara aura sahacara hetukA samarthana, asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika aura akiJcitkara hetvAbhAsoM kA vivecana, dUSaNA bhAsalakSaNa, jAtilakSaNa, jayetaravyavasthA, dRSTAnta, dRSTAntAbhAsavicAra, vAdakA lakSaNa, nigrahasthAnalakSaNa, vAdAbhAsalakSaNa Adi anumAnase sambandha rakhanevAle viSayoMkA varNana AyA hai / J tRtIya pravacanaprastAvameM AgamasambandhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM pravacanakA svarUpa, sugattake AptatvakA nirAsa, sugatake karuNAvatva tathA catusatyapratipAdakatvakA samAlocana, Agamake apauruSeyatvakA khaNDana, sarvajJatva samarthana, jyotirjJAnopadeza, satyasvapnajJAna tathA IkSaNikAdi vidyAke dRSTAnta dvArA sarvajJatvasiddhi, zabdanityatvanirAsa, jIvAditattvanirUpaNa, nairAtmya bhAvanAko nirarthakatA, mokSakA svarUpa, saptabhaMgInirUpaNa, syAdvAdameM diye jAne vAle saMzayAdi doSoMkA parihAra, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna AdikA prAmANya, pramANakA phala Adi viSayoMkA vivecana AyA hai / yaha grantha kaI dRSTiyoMse mahattvapUrNa hai | kArikAoMke sAtha utthAnikA vAkya bhI gadya meM nibaddha haiN| trivRtti TIkAtmaka na hokara vizeSa viSayake sucana 310 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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rUpameM likhI gayI hai| kArikAe~ aura vRtti donoM praur3ha evaM gambhIra bhASAmeM nibaddha haiN| unase akalaGkadevakI sUkSma prajJA aura tIkSNa samAlocanA avagata kara pAThaka prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rhtaa| udAharaNArtha nityekAnta, kSaNikaikAnta AdikI unake dvArA kI gayI samIkSA duSSya hai atyantAbhedabhedau na tadvato na parasparam / dRzyAdRzyAtmamorbuddhinirbhAsakSaNabhaGgayoH // sarvathArthakriyA'yogAt tathA suptaprabuddhayoH / aMzayoryadi tAdAtmyamabhijJAnamananyavat / / saMyogasamavAyAdisambandhAdyAdi ghrtte| anekatraikamekatrAneka vA pariNAminaH || sarvathA nityakA khaNDana karate hue likhA hai nityaM sarvagataM matvaM niraMzaM vyamibhiyaMTi / / vyaktaM vyaktaM sadA vyaktaM trailokyaM sacarAcaram / sattAyogAdvinA santi yathA sattAdayastathA // sarve'rthAH dezakAlAzca sAmAnya sakalaM matam / sarvabhedaprabhedaM sat sakalAGga zarIravat / / 3. pramANasaMgraha isameM 9 prastAva aura 873 kArikAe~ haiM 1 prathama prastAvameM 9 kArikAeM, dvitIyameM 9, tRtIyameM 10, caturthameM 113, paJcamameM 106, SaSThameM 123, saptamameM 10, aSTamameM 13 aura bhavamameM 2 kArikAeM haiN| prathama prastAvameM pratyakSakA lakSaNa, zrutakA pratyakSAnumAnAgamapUrvakatva, pramANakA phala, mukhyapratyakSakA lakSaNa Adi pratyakSaviSayaka sAmagrI Nita hai| dvitIya prastAvameM smRtikI pramANatA, pratyabhijJAnakA prAmANya, tarkakA lakSaNa, pratyakSAnupalambhase tarkakA udbhava, kutarkakA lakSaNa, vivakSAke binA bhI zabdaprayogakA sambhava, parokSa padArthoMmeM zrutase avinAbhAvagrahaNa AdikA kathana hai| isa prastAvameM parokSake bheda, smRti pratyabhijJAna aura tarkakA vizeSa rUpase kathana AyA hai| 1. nyAyavinizcaya savRtti, pratyakSaprastAva, kArikA 141-143 / 2. baho. pratyakSaprastAva, kArikA 151-153 / 3. akalaGkagrantha traya sipI sirIja / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 311

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tRtIya prastAvameM anumAna ke avayava, sAdhya sAdhanakA lakSaNa, sAdhyAbhAsakA lakSaNa, sadasadekAnta meM sAdhyaprayogakI asambhavatA sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastukI sAdhyatA evaM anekAntAtmaka vastumeM diye jAnevAle saMzayAdi ATha doSoMkI samIkSA ati hai| caturthaM prastAvameM hetusambandhI vicAra AyA hai / isameM trirUpa hetukA khaNDana karake anyathAnupapattirUpa hetulakSaNakA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| hetuke upalabdhi aura anulabdhirUpa bhedoM kA vivecana kara pUrvaghara, uttaracara aura sahacara hetusambandhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isa prastAva meM vibhinna matoMkI samIkSA pUrvaka hetukA svarUpa nirdhArita kiyA hai| paJcama prastAva meM asiddha, viruddhAdi hetvAbhAsoMkA nirUpaNa, sarvathA ekAnta meM satvahetukI viruddhatA, sahopalambhaniyama, hetukI viruddhatA, viruddhAvyabhicArIkA viruddha meM antarbhAva, ajJAtahetukA akiJcitkara meM antarbhAva Adi hetvAbhAsaviSayaka prarUpaNa AyA hai tathA isameM antarvyAptikA bhI samarthana kiyA hai| SaSTa prastAva meM vAdakA lakSaNa, jaya-parAjayavyavasthAkA svarUpa, jAtikA lakSaNa, dadhyuSTatvAdike abhedaprasaMgakA sayuktika uttara utpAdAditrayAtmakatva samarthana, sarvathA nitya siddha karane meM satva hetukA asiddhatvAdi nirUpaNa AyA hai| isa prastAva meM zUnyavAga, saMbhASa vijJAnadAda kSaNabhaMgavAda, asatkAryavAda Adiko bhI samIkSA kI gayI hai / saptama prastAva pravacanakA lakSaNa, sarvajJasiddhi, apauruSeyatvakA nirasana, tattvajJAnasahita cAritrako mokSahetutA Adi viSayoMkara vivecana AyA hai / aSTama prastAva meM saptabhaMgIke nirUpaNake sAtha negama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evambhUta ina sAta nayoMkA kathana AyA hai / navama prastAva meM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA upasaMhAra kiyA gayA hai| 4. siddhivinizcaya savRtti' siddhivinizcayameM 12 prastAva haiM / inameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA vivecana hai | prathama prastAva pratyakSa- siddhi hai| isameM pramANakA sAmAnya lakSaNa, pramANakA phala, bAhyArthako siddhi, vyavasAyAtmaka vikalpako pramANatA aura vizadatA, citrajJAnakI taraha vicitra bAhya padArtho ko siddhi, nirvikalpaka pratyakSakA nirAsa, 1. siddhivinizcaya anantavIryakI TIkA sahita, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa / 312 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI mAcArya-paramparA

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svasaMvedana pratyakSake nirvikalpakatvakA khaNDana, avisaMvAdakI bahulatA se pramANavyavasthA Adi viSayoMkA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya savikalpa siddhi prastAva meM avagrahAdi jJAnoMkA varNana, mAnasa-pratyakSakI AlocanA, nirvikalpa se savikalpakI utpatti evaM avagrahAdimeM pUrva-pUrva kI pramANatA aura uttara-uttara meM phalarUpatA kI siddhi kI gayI hai / tRtIya pramANAntara - siddhimaM smaraNako pramANatA, pratyabhijJAnakA prAmANya, upamAnakA sAdRzyapratyabhijJAna meM antarbhAva, tarkako pramANatAkA samarthana, kSaNikapakSa meM arthakriyAkA abhAva AdikI samIkSA AyI hai / catuthaM jIvasiddhi prastAva meM jJAnako jJAnAvaraNa ke udayase mithyAjJAna, kSaNikacitta meM kAryakAraNabhAva, santAna Adiko anutpAMta, jIva aura karma cetana aura acetana hokara bhI bandhake prati eka hai, karmAsrava tattopaplavavAda, bhUta caitanyavAda evaM vibhinna darzanoM meM mAnya AtmasvarUpakA vivecana kiyA hai| paJcama prastAva jalpa- siddhi hai / isameM jalpakA lakSaNa, usakI caturaGgatA, jalpakA phalamArga prabhAvanA, zavdakI arthavAcakatA, nigrahasthAna evaM jayaparAjayavyavasthA kI samokSA ko gayI hai / chaThA hetulakSaNa siddhi prastAva hai| isameM hetukA anyathAnupapattilakSaNa, tAdAtmya tadutpattise hI avinAbhAvakI vyApti nahIM, hetuke bheda, kAraNa AdikA kathana AyA hai / saptama prastAva zAstra siddhi hai / isameM zrutakA zreyomArgasAdhakatva zabdakA arthavAcakatva, svapnAdi dazA meM bhI jIvako cetanatA, bhedekAnta meM kAraka jJApaka sthitikA abhAva, IzvaravAda, puruSAdvaitavAda, vedakA apauruSeyavAda AdikA samAlocana kiyA hai / J aSTama sarvajJasiddhi prastAva meM sarvajJakI siddhi aura navama zabdasiddhi prastAvameM zabdakA paudgalikatva siddha kiyA hai| dazama prastAvakA nAma arthanayasiddhi hai / isameM nayakA svarUpa, negama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura Rju-sUtra ina cAra arthanayoM aura nayAbhAsoM kA varNana AyA hai / gyArahavA~ zabdanayasiddhi prastAva hai| isameM zabdakA svarUpa, sphoTavAdakA khaNDana, zabdanityatvakA nirAsa zabdanaya, samabhirUDhanaya evaM evambhUtanadha yAdikA varNana AyA hai / bArahavA~ nikSepasiddhi prastAva hai / isameM nikSepakA lakSaNa, bheda, upabhedoMkA svarUpa evaM unakI sambhAvanAoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / tabara aura sArasvatAcArya : 313 1

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5. tasvArthavAtika sabhAdhya isa granthake maMgA caturga nANo 'na tatAvAsida' likhakara akalaMkadevane isa granthako 'tattvArthavArtika' kahA hai| tattvArthasUtrake pratyeka sUtrapara vAttikarUpameM vyAkhyA likhe jAne ke kAraNa yaha tattvArthavAttika kahI gayI hai| bAttika zlokAtmaka bhI hote haiM aura gadyAtmaka bhii| kumArilakA mImAMsAzlokavAttika aura dharmakItikA 'pramANavAtika' padyoM meM likhe gaye haiN| para nyAyadarzanake sUtroMpara udyotakarane jo vAttika racA hai, vaha gadyAtmaka hai / ataeva yaha anumAna lagAnA sahaja hai ki akalaMkane udyotakarake anukaraNa para gadyAtmaka tattvArthabAtika racA hai| akalaGkako vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne tatvArthasUtrake sUtroMpara vAttika race aura vAtrtikoMpara bhASya bhI likhA hai| isa taraha isa granthameM bAttika pRthaka haiM aura unakI vyAkhyA-bhASya alaga hai| isI kAraNa isakI puSpikAoMmeM ise 'tattvArthavAttikavyAkhyAnAlaMkAra' saMjJA dI gayI hai / yaha grantha tattvArthasUtrako vyAkhyA honeke kAraNa daza adhyAyoMmeM vibhakta hai / isakA viSaya bhI tanvArthasUtrake viSayake samAna hI saiddhAntika aura dArzanika hai / tattvArthasUtrake prathama tathA paMcama adhyAyameM kramazaH jJAna evaM dravyoMkI carcA AyI hai aura ye donoM viSaya hI darzanazAstrake pradhAna aMga haiN| ataH akalaMkadevane ina donoM adhyAyoM meM aneka dArzanika viSayoMkI samIkSA kI hai| darzana zAstra ke adhyetAoMke liye tatvArthavAttikake ye donoM adhyAya vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiN| ___ tattvArthavAttikakI eka pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki jitane bhI mantavya usameM cacita hue, una sabakA samAdhAna anekAntake dvArA kiyA gayA hai / ataH dArzanika viSayoMse sambaddha sUtroMke vyAkhyAnameM 'anekAntAt'vAttika avazya pAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki vAtikakArane dArzanika viSayoMke kathanasandarbhameM Agamika viSayoMko bhI prastuta kara anekAntavAdakI pratiSThA ko hai| __ tRtIya, caturtha adhyAyoMmeM lokAnuyogase sambaddha viSaya Aye haiM / isa viSayake pratipAdanameM 'tiloyapaNNatti' Adi prAcIna granthoMko apekSA aneka navInatAoMkA samAveza kiyA gayA hai / isa granthakI vizeSatAoMke sambandha meM prajJAcakSa paM0 sukhalAlajIne likhA hai-"rAjavAttika aura lokavAttikake itihAsajJa abhyAsIko mAlUma par3egA ki dakSiNa hindustAnameM jo dArzanika vidyA aura spardhAkA samaya AyA aura anekamukha pANDitya vikasita huA, usIkA pratibimba ina donoM granthoM meM hai| prastuta donoM vAttika jainadarzanakA prAmANika abhyAsa karaneke paryApta sAdhana hai| parantu inameM se 'rAjavAttika'kA gadya sarala aura vistRta 314 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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honese khattvArthaka sampUrNa TokA granthoMkI garaja akelA hI pUrNa karatA hai / ye do vAtika yadi nahIM hote, to dazavIM zatAbdI takake digambara sAhityameM jo viziSTatA Ayo, aura usakI jo pratiSThA baMdhI vaha nizcayase adhUrI ho rhtii| ye do vAttika sAmpradAyika honepara bhI aneka dRSTiyoMse bhAratIya dArzanika sAhitya meM viziSTa sthAna prApta kareM, airA, yogyatA se haiN| isa avaloka bauddha ora vaidika paramparAke aneka viSayoM para tathA aneka granthoM para aitihAsika prakAza DAlatA hai|" _ 'tattvArthavAttika'kA mUla AdhAra pUjyapAdakI savArthasiddhi hai / savArthasiddhikI vAkyaracanA, sUtra jaisI saMtulita aura parimita hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki akalaMkadevane usake sabhI vizeSa vAkyoMko apane vArtika banA DAle haiM, aura unakA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| AvazyakatAnusAra naye vAttikoMko bhI racanA kI hai, para sarvArthasiddhikA upayoga pUrI taraha se kiyA hai / jisa prakAra boja vRkSameM samAviSTa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra samasta sarvArthasiddhi tattvArthavAttikameM samAviSTa hai, para vizeSatA yaha hai ki sarvAsiddhi ke viziSTa amyAsIko bhI yaha pratIti nahIM ho pAtI ki vaha prakArAntarase sarvArthasiddhikA adhyayana kara rahA hai / tattvArthavAttika meM yoM to aneka viSayoMkI carcA kI gayI hai, para vizeSarUpase jina viSayoMpara prakAza DAlA gayA hai, ve nimnalikhita haiM 1. kartA aura karaNa ke bhedAbhedako carcA / tonoM vAcyoM dvArA jJAnakI vyutpatti 2. AtmAkA jJAnase bhinnAbhinnatva / 3. kevala jJAnaprAptike dvArA mokSako mAnyatAkA nirasana kara mokSamAgekA nirUpaNa / sandarbhAnusAra sAMkhya, vaizeSika, nyAya aura bauddha darzanoMko samIkSA 4. mukhya aura amukhyoMkA vivecana karate hue anekAntadRSTikA samarthana / 5. saptabhaMgIke nirUpaNake pazcAt anekAntameM anekAnsako sughaTanA / 6. anekAntameM pratipAdata chala, saMzaya Adi doSoMkA nirAkaraNa karate hae anekAntAtmakatAko siddhi / 7. ekAntavAdameM jJAnake karaNa-kartRtvakA abhAva | 8. Atma-anAtmavAdiyoMko samIkSA / 1. pratyakSa-parokSasambandho jJAnakI vyAkhyAoMkA vistRta vivecana / isa sandarbha meM pUrvapakSake rUpameM bauddha, nyAya, vaizeSika, momAMsaka Adi dArzanikoMkI smiikssaa| 1. tattvArthasUtra, bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala varmA, dvitIya saMskaraNa, san 1952,pR0 78, 79 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 315

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10, cakSu ke prApyakAritva aura zrotrake aprApyakAritvakA nirAkaraNa / 11. zrutajJAnake antargata anumAnake pUrvavat, zeSavat aura sAmAnyatodRSTa bheda tathA upamAna, aitihma, arthApatti, sambhava aura abhAvakA samAveza / 12. Atmasiddhi / 13. svAtmA aura paramAtmAke vizleSaNake sAtha saptabhaMgIke sakalAdeza aura vikalAdezoMkA vivecana / 14. 'dravyatvayogAt dravyaM' aura 'guNasaMdrAvo dravyaM'kI vistRta samIkSA / 15. vibhinna darzanoMke Aloka meM zabdake mUrtikatvakA vivecana / / 16. sphoTavAda-samIkSA / 17 kokvala, kANTheviddi, kauzika, hari, mazrumAna, kapila, romasa, haritAzva, muNDa aura thApA bAdazAdiyoM mAlocaH / 18, marIcikumAra, ulUka, kapila, gAgrya, vyAghrabhUti, mAThara, maudgalAyana Adi akriyAvAdI dArzanikoMkI samIkSA / 19. sAkalya, vAsakala, kuthumi, sAtyamunI, cArAyaNa, kaTha, mAdhyandina, mauda, paipalAdi, vAdarAyaNa, yetikAyana, vasu aura jaimini Adi ajJAnavAdiyoMkA samAlocana / 20. vaziSTha, pArAzara, jatukarNa, bAlmIki, romaharSiNI, vyAsa, elAputra, aupamanyava, indradatta Adi baiMnika vAdiyoMkI samIkSA / 21. jIva-ajIva Adi tasvoMkA nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAnapUrvaka vivecana / 22. jJAnoMke viSayakSetrakA kathana / 23. nayoMkA sopapattika nirUpaNa / 24. zarIroMkA savistara nirUpaNa | 25. lokaracanA-kSetraphala aura ghanaphaloMkA nirUpaNa / 26 guNasthAna, dhyAna, anuprekSA evaM mArgaNA AdikA vistRta kathana / 27. dravya aura tattvoMkI vyavasthAkA kathana | isa prakAra 'tattvArtharAjavAttika' meM aneka vizeSa bAtoMkA kathana AyA hai / yaha grantha adhyAya, Ahnika aura vAtikoM meM vimaka hai| yahA~ udAharaNArtha ekAdha vAtika prastuta karate haiM, jisase akalaMkadevako viSayapratipAdanasambandhI vizeSatA abhivyakta ho jAyagI ! pramANanayANaNAbhavAta-"ekAnto dvividhaH samyagekAnto mithryakAnta iti / anekAnto'pi dvividhaH-samyaganekAnto mithyAnekAnta iti / tatra samya 316 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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kAntI hetu vizeSasAmarthyApekSaH pramANaprarUpitAthaikadezAdezaH / ekAtmAvadhAraNena anyAzeSanirAkaraNapravaNaprANidhimithyaikAntaH / ekatra sapratipakSAnekadharmasvarUpanirUpaNo yuktyAgamAbhyAmaviruddhaH samyaganekAntaH / tadatatsvabhAvavastuzUnyaM parikalpitAne kAma kevalaM vAgvijJAnaM mithyA'nekAntaH / tatra samyagekAnto naya ityucyate / samyaganekAntaH pramANam / nayArpaNAdekAnso bhavati ekanizcayapravaNatvAt pramANArpaNAdanekAnto bhavati anekanizcayAdhikaraNatvAt' / 6. aSTazatI jainadarzana anekAntavAdI darzana hai| AcArya samantabhadra anekAntavAda ke sabase bar3e vyavasthApaka haiM / unhoMne AptamImAMsA nAmaka grantha dvArA usakI vyavasthA kI hai / isI AptamImAMsApara akalaMkadevane apanI 'aSTadazatI' vRtti likhI hai| isa vRttikA pramANa 800 zloka hai, ataH yaha aSTazatI kahalAtI hai / vidyAnandane samantabhadrake ukta aSTasahasro nAmakI dI likhI hai, jisameM aSTazatIko 'dUdhameM conI' kI taraha samAviSTa kara liyA hai| akalaMkadevane isameM aneka naye tathyoMpara prakAza DAlA hai / vibhinna darzanoMke dvaita-advaitavAda, zAzvata azAzvatavAda, baktavya - avaktavyavAda, anyatA- ananyatAvAda, sApekSa-anapekSavAda, hetu-ahenuvAda, vijJAna- bahirarthavAda, deva puruSArthaMvAda, puNya-pApavAda aura bandha-mokSakAraNavAdakI samIkSA kI gayI hai / unake pratipAdanakA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai-- zatIke racayitA " svabhAvAntarAtsvabhAvavyAvRttiranyApohaH" saMvido grAhyAkArAtkathaJcidvyAvRttau -- anekAntasaMvitteH svalakSaNapratyakSavRttAvapi saMvedyAkAraviveka svabhAvAntarAnupalabdheH svabhAvavyAvRttiH zavalaviSaryA narbhAse'pi lohitAdInAM parasparavyAvRttiranyathAcitrapratibhAsAsaMbhavAt tadanyatamavattadAlambanasyApi nIlAderabhedasvabhAvApatteH tadvatastebhyo vyAvRttirekAnekasvabhAvatvAt rUpAdivat anyathA dravyameva sthAnna rUpAdayaH " | 2 anekAntAtmaka vastukI siddhi karate hue likhA hai " yatsat tatsarvamanekAntAtmakaM vastutasvaM sarvathA tadarthaM krayAkAritvAt / svaviSayAkAra saMvittivat / na kiJcidekAntaM vastutattvaM sarvathA tadarthakriyAsaMbha 1. tattvArthavAttika, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa 1 / 6-7 / 2. aSTazatI, bhAratIya jaina siddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthA, kAzI, san 1914 I0, kArikA 11, pR0 10 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 317

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vAt gaganakusumAdivat / nAsti sadekAntaH sarvavyApAravirodhaprasaMgAt asadekAntavaditi vidhinA pratiSedhena yA vastutattvaM niyamyate" |' zailI evaM kAvyapratibhA akalaMkadevakI zailI gUDha evaM zabdArthabhita hai / ye jisa viSayako bhI grahaNa karate haiM, usakA gambhIra aura arthapUrNa bAkzoMmeM vivecana karate haiN| ataH kamase-kama zabdoM meM adhika-se-adhika viSayakA nirUpaNa karanA inakA lakSya hai| akalaMkadevakA unakI racanAoMparase SaDdarzanoMkA gambhIra aura sUkSma cinsana avagata hotA hai| phalataH unakA atala talasparzI jJAna sarvatra upalabdha hai| inakI kArikAoMmeM arthagAmbhIrya hai, prasaMgavaza ve vAdiyoMpara karArA vyaMgya karanese bhI cUkate nahIM haiM / vyaMgyake samaya inako racanAoM meM sarasatA A jAtI hai, aura darzanake zuSka viSaya bhI sAhityake samAna sarasa pratIta hone lagate haiN| adazyAnupalabdhise abhAga kI siddhi na mAnanepara ve bauddhoMpara vyaMga karate hue kahate haiM dadhyAdAM na pravata bauddhaH tadbhutaye janaH / adazyAM saugatIM tatra tanuM saMzaGkamAnaka: || dadhyAdike tathA bhukte. na bhuktaM kAjikAdikam / ityaso vettu no vetti na bhuktA saugatI tanuH / / adRzyako AzaMkAse bauddha dahI khAnemeM niHzaMka pravRtti nahIM kara sakeMge, kyoMki vahA~ sugattake adRzya zarIrako zaMkA banI rahegI / dahI khAnepara kAjI nahIM khAyI, yaha to ve samajha sakate haiM, para buddha zarIra nahIM khAyA, yaha samajhanA unheM asambhava hai| yaha kitanA mArmika vyaMgya hai / dharmakItike abhedaprasaMgakA uttara bhI akalaMkadevane vyaMgyAtmaka rUpameM diyA hai / akalaMkadeba kaThina-se-kaThina viSayako bhI vyaMgyAtmaka saralarUpameM prastuta karate haiM / yoM to akalaMkadevane anuSTupa chandoM meM hI adhikAMza kArikAeM likhI haiM, para unheM zArdUlavikrIDita aura sragdharA chanda bhI vizeSa priya haiM / jahA~ unheM thor3A-sA bho avasara milatA hai ki ve ina chandoMkA prayoga karane lagate haiN| nyAyake prakaraNoM meM uddezyanirdezaka aura upasaMhArAtmaka padyoM meM ina chandoMkA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| maMgalAcaraNake padyoMmeM alaMkAroMkA niyojana bhI vidyamAna hai / nimnalikhita padya meM samyakjJAnako jala1, aSTazatI, kArikA 109, pR0 48 / 2. siddhadhinizcamaTIkA, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa, bhAga 2,pR. 437 / 398 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako bAcArya-paramparA

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rUpaka pradAna kara malina hue nyAya mArga ke prakSAlanakI bAta ve kitanI sadayatA se vyakta karate haiM bAlAnAM hitakAminAmatimahApApaiH puropArjitaiH mAhAtmyAttamasaH svayaM kalibalAt prAyo guNadveSibhiH / nyAyo'yaM malinIkRtaH kathamapi prakSAlya nenIyate, samyagjJAnajalervacobhiramalaM tatrAnukampAparaiH ||" isI prakAra anuprAsa, yamaka Adi alaMkAra bhI inake darzana-granthoMmeM kAvyaracanA na honepara bhI prApta haiM / zailIkI dRSTise akalaMka nizcaya hI udyotakara aura dharmakIrti ke samakakSa haiM / elAcArya elAcAryakA smaraNa AcArya vIrasenane vidyAguruke rUpameM kiyA hai| unhoMne lakhA hai jassAe seNa mae siddhaMtamidaM hi ahilahRdaM / mahu so elAiriyo pasiyata varavIraseNasse || jisake Adeza se maiMne isa siddhAntagranthako likhA hai vaha elAcArya mere Upara prasanna hoM / vIrasenAcAryane jayadhavalATIkA meM bhI elAcAryakA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA unakI kRpAse prApta Agama-siddhAntako likhe jAnekA nirdeza kiyA hai| batAyA hai--' 'edeNa vayaNeNa suttassa desAbhAsiyattaM jeNa jANAvidaM teNa caunhaM gaINa utuccAraNAbaleNa elAiriyapasAeNa ya sesakammANaM parUvaNA ko de / " prasAdase cAroM gatiyoMmeM zeSa arthAt uccAraNa ke balase aura elAcArya ke karmoM kI prarUpaNA karate haiM-- kAlAnugamako apekSA nirdeza do prakArakA haioghanirdeza aura Adezanirdeza / inameMse oSako apekSA mithyAtvako tIna prakRtiyoMkA jaghanyakAla eka samaya hai, tathA utkRSTakAla do samaya hai / isI prakAra asaMkhyAta bhAgahAni, saMkhyAta bhAgahAni, saMkhyAtaguNa-hAni aura asaMkhyAtaguNa-hAnike jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAlakA Anayana elAcArya ke upadezase kiyA hai / 1. dhavalATIkA, antima prazasti pustaka 16, gAthA 1 / 2. jayaghavalATokA samanvita kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 4, pR0 169 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 319

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paricaya gRddhapicchake nAmAntaroMmeM elAcAryake nAmakI gaNanA pAyI jAtI hai| kintu prastuta elAcArya unase bhinna haiN| ye vorasenake samakAlIna haiM aura unakA saiddhAntika pANDitya asAdhAraNa hogA / indranandine apane zrutAvatArameM palAcAryake sambandhameM likhA hai kAle gate kiyatyapi tatta: punazcitrakUTapuravAsI / zrImAnelAcAyoM babhUva siddhAntataracajJaH !! tasya samIpe sakalaM siddhAntamadhItya vIrasenaguruH / uparitamanibandhanAdyAdhikArAnaSTa ca lilekhe / bappadevake pazcAt kucha varSa bIta jAnepara siddhAntazAstrake rahasya jJAtA elAcArya hae / ye citrakUTa nagarake nivAsI the| inake pArzva meM rahakara vIrasenAcAryane sakala siddhAntoMkA adhyayana kara nibandhanAdi ATha adhikAroMko likhaa| __ isa uddharaNase yaha spaSTa hai ki bIrasena AcAryane AgamagranthoMkA adhyayana elAcAryase kiyA thaa| prAcIna samayameM vidyAmuru aura dokSAguru pRthak-pRthaka huA karate the / ataH elAcArya vIrasenake vidyAguruke rUpa meM rahe hoNge| jayadhavalATIkAke prathama bhAgameM elAcAryake vAtsalyako AcArya vIrasenane prazaMsA ko hai / likhA hai-'jInbhamelAiriyavacchao'3 isa kathanase dhvanita hotA hai ki elAcArya vIrasenako bahuta sneha karate the| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne apaneko elAcAryakA vatsa kahA hai| samaya-nirNaya inake samayakA nirdhAraka rUpase bar3A pramANa yahI hai ki vIrasenane unheM apanA guru batAyA hai aura unhIMke Adezase siddhAnta-granthoMkA praNayana kiyA hai| ata: elAcArya vIrasenake samakAlIna athavA kucha pUrvavartI haiN| vIrasenane dhavalATIkA zaka saMvat 738 (I0 san 816)meM samApta kI thI / ataeva elAcArya AThavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdha aura navamI zatIke pUrvArddhake vidvAnAcArya haiM / pratibhA evaM vaivuSya ___ elAcAryake grantha upalabdha nahIM hai aura na koI aisI kRti hI upalabdha hai, 1. indranandi zrutAvatAra, zloka 177-178 / 2. jayadhavalATIkA samanvita kasAyapAiDa, 1 pR. 81 / 320 : toyaMkara mahAvIra aura inakI bAcArya-paramparA

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elAcAryakI kRtiyoMke uddharaNa hI milate hoM / vIrasenake guru honeke kAraNa ye siddhAnnazAstrake marmajJa vidvAna the, isameM sandeha nahIM / vIrasenasvAmIne jayadhavalATIkAmeM matabhedoM kA nirdeza karate hue spaSTa likhA hai ki bhaTTAraka elAcAryake dvArA upadiSTa vyAkhyAna hI samIcIna honese grAhya hai / yathA"tado puvyuttamelAiriyabhaDAraeNa uvahaTTavakkhANameva etya ghetavyaM / " paTThANabhAveNa isa uddharaNase elAcAryakI pratibhAkA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / elAcArya vAcakaguru the aura unakI pratibhA apratima thI / vIrasenAcArya jinasena prathamane apane harivaMzapurANa meM kavicakravartIke rUpameM vIrasena AcAryakA smaraNa kiyA hai / yathA jitAtma-paralokasya kavInAM cakravartinaH / vIrasenaguroH kIrtirakalA va bhAsate / jinhoMne svapakSa aura parapakSake logoM ko jIta liyA hai tathA jo kaviyoMke cakravartI haiM, aise vIrasenasvAmokI nirmala kIrti prakAzita ho rahI hai / AcArya vIrasena siddhAntake pAraGgata vidvAn to the hI, sAtha hI gaNita, nyAya, jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa Adi viSayoMkA bhI talasparzI pANDitya unheM prApta thA | inakA buddhivaibhava atyanta agAdha aura pANDityapUrNa hai / vIrasenasvAmIke ziSya jinasenane apane AdipurANa evaM ghavalA - prazasti meM inakI 'kavivRndAraka' kahakara stuti kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai 1 zravIrasena ityAttabhaTTArakapRthuprathaH sa naH punAtu pUtAtmA kavivRndArakA muniH // lokavitvaM kavitvaJca sthitaM bhaTTArake dvayam / vAG mitA'vAmitA yasya vAcA vAcaspaterapi // siddhAnto panibandhAnAM vidhAturmadgurozciram | manmanaH sarasi stheyAn mudupAdakuzezayam // 3 1. kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 1, pR0 162 | 2. harivaMzapurANa 1 / 39 // 3. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa 1455-97 / 21 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 321

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ye atyanta prasiddha vIrasena bhaTTAraka hameM pavitra kareM, jinakI AtmA svayaM pavitra hai, jo kaviyoM meM zreSTha haiM, jo lokavyavahAra aura kAvyasvarUpake mahAn jJAtA haiM tathA jinakI vANIke samakSa auroMkI to bAta hI kyA, svayaM sura-guru bRhaspatiko vANI bhI sImita - alpa jAna par3atI hai / siddhAnta - SaTkhaNDAgama siddhAntagranthake Upara upanibandhana - nibandhAtmaka TIkA racanevAle mere guru vIrasena bhaTTArakake komala caraNa kamala sarvadA mere matarUpI sarovarameM vidya mAna raheM / Uparake avataraNase yaha spaSTa hai ki vIrasenAcArya kavi aura vAgmI to the hI, sAtha hI siddhAntagranthoMke TIkAkArake rUpameM bhI prasiddha the / jIvana-paricaya vIrasenane apanI vavalATIkA - prazastimeM apane gurukA nAma elAcArya likhA hai / para isI prazastikI cauthI gAthAmeM gurukA nAma Aryanandi aura dAdAgurukA nAma candrasena kahA hai ! DaoN0 hIrAlAla ' jenakA anumAna hai ki elAcArya inake vidyA-guru aura Aryanadi inake dIkSA- guru the / inakI zAkhA paJcastUpAnvaya kahI gayI hai / isa zAkhAkA sambandha uttara bhAratake mathurA aura hastinApurake sAtha rahA hai| isakI eka upazAkhA dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI jA basI thI / prazastise vIrasenAyaM siddhAnta chanda jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa aura nyAya zAstrake vettA tathA bhaTTArakapadase vibhUSita siddha hote haiM / : l indranandike 'zrutAvatAra' se jJAta hotA hai ki bappadevakI TIkA likhe jAneke uparAnta kitane hI varSa pazcAt siddhAntoMke tattvaha elAcArya hue, ye citrakUTameM nivAsa karate the / vIrasenane inake pAsa samasta siddhAntagranthoMkA adhyayana kiyA / gurukI anuzA prApta kara vATagrAma ( bar3audA ) meM Aye aura vaha ki Anatendra dvArA banavAye hue jinAlaya meM tthhre| yahA~ bappadeva guru dvArA nirmita TIkA prApta huI / anantara unhoMne 72000 zlokapramANa samasta SaTkhaNDAgamako dhavalATIkA likhii| tatpazcAt kaSAyaprAbhRtakI cAra vibhaktiyoMkI 20,000 zlokapragANa hI jayadhavalATIkA likhe jAneke uparAnta unakA svargavAsa ho P 1. cacalATIkA, pustaka prathama prastAvanA, pR0 36 / 2. siddhata - chaMda-joisa vAya raNa- pamANa satya NiNeNa / bhaTTAraeNa TIkA lihiesA vIraseNeNa ||5|| - dhana lATIkAko antima prazasti / 3. zrutAvatAra zloka 177 - 184 / 322 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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gayA aura unake ziSya jinasena dvitIyane vyavazeSa jayaghavalATokA 40,000 zlokapramANa likhakara pUrI kI / bhaTTAraka padavIko prApta vIrasenasvAmI sAkSAt kevaloke samAna samasta vidyAoMke pAragAmI the| unakI bhAratI' - divyavANI bhAratI-- bharatacakra vartIko AzAke samAna SaTkhaNDameM pravartita thI / arthAt jisa prakAra SaTkhaNDapRthvIpara bharata cakravartIko AjJAkA abAdhagatise pAlana kiyA jAtA thA, usI prakAra AcArya vIrasenakI vANIkA bhI saJcAra chaha khaNDarUpa SaTkhaNDAgama nAmake paramAgamameM saba hI viSayoMmeM nivivAdarUpase mAnya hai| unhoMne mUla granthameM Aye hue viSayoMkI bahuta spaSTa vyAkhyA kI hai, jisakA khaNDana koI nahIM kara sakatA hai| cakravatI bharatakI AjJA jahA~ sampatti - lakSmIvantoMko prasanna karanevAlI thI, vahIM vIrasenakI madhura vANI samasta prANiyoMko pramudita karanevAlI thI / bharatakI AjJAkA saJcAra yadi unake dvArA AkrAnta samasta pRthvI para thA, to unakI vANokA saJcAra kuzAgra buddhike kAraNa samasta viSayoMmeMsiddhAnta, nyAya evaM vyAkaraNa Adi zAstroMmeM thA / unakI svAbhAvika prajJA-adRSTa aura padArthoko avagata karane rUpa yogyatAko dekhakara vijJajanoMko sarvajJake viSayameM AzaGkA naSTa ho gayI thI / yataH jaba eka vyakti Agama dvArA itanA bar3A jJAnI ho sakatA hai, to atIndriyapratyakSajJAnadhArI sarvajJa samasta padArthoM kA jJAtA yadi hai, to isameM kauna-sA bAzcarya hai| batAyA hai- yaM prAhuH prasphuradbodhadI ghitiprasarodayaH / zrutakevalinaM prAjJAH prajJAzramaNasattamam // yasya naisagikoM prajJAM dRSTvA sarvArthagAminIm / jAtAH sarvajJasadbhAve nirArekA manISiNaH // -- jayadhavalAprazasti, padya 22-21 / sthiti-kAla AcAryaM vorasenakA sthiti-kAla vivAdAspada nahIM hai, kyoMki unake ziSya jinasenane unako apUrNaM jayaghavalATIkAko zaka saMvat 759 kI phAlguna zuklA dazamIko pUrNa kiyA hai| ataH isa tithi ke pUrva hI vIrasenAcAryakA samaya honA cAhie aura unakI ghavalATIkAkI samApti isase bahuta pahale honI cAhie | yaha TIkA jayatuGgadevake rAjyameM samApta huI thI / rASTrakUTa 1. prINitaprANisampattirAkAntaHzeSagocarA 3 bhAratI bhAratIvAjJA SaTkhaNye yasya nAskhalat // - jayapanalAprazasti / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 323

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narezoM meM jayatuGga upAdhi aneka rAjAoMkI hai, para inameMse prathama jayatuGga govinda tRttIya the, jinake zilAlekha zaka saMvat 716-735 ke mile haiN| ataeva yaha anumAna lagAnA sahaja hai ki dhavalA TIkAkI samApti inhIM govinda tRtIya ke samayameM huI hai / DaoN0 hIrAlAlajI jainane aneka pramANoMke AdhArapara ghavalATIkAkA samApti kAla zaka saMvat 738 siddha kiyA hai / Apane likhA hai ki jaba jayatuGgadevakA rAjya pUrNa ho cUkA thA aura boddaNarAya (amogha varSa) rAjagaddIpara AsIna ho cukA thA, usa samaya dhavalATIkA samApta huI / ' ataH AcArya vIrasenakA samaya I0 san ko 9vIM zatAbdi ( I0 san 816 ) hai / racanAe~ inako do hI racanAe~ upalabdha hai| ina domeMse eka pUrNa racanA hai aura dUsarI apUrNa / inhoMne bahattara hajAra zlokapramANa prAkRta aura saMskRta-mizrita bhASA meM maNi- pravAlanyAyase 'dhavalA' TIkA likhI hai / dUsarI racanA 'jayaghavalA 'TIkA hai / isa TIkAko kevala bIsa hajAra zlokapramANa hI likha sake the ki asamayameM unakA svargavAsa ho gayA / isa taraha vIrasenasvAmIne bAnabe hajAra zlokapramANa racanAe~ likhI hai / eka vyakti apane jIvanameM itanA adhika likha sakA, yaha AzcaryakI vastu hai| ina TIkAoMse vIrasenakI vizeSajJatA ke sAtha bahujJatA bhI prakaTa hotI hai| saiddhAntika viSayoMkI kitanI sUkSma jAnakArI thI, yaha dekhate hI banatA hai / lATokAkI racanA karanekA hetu indranandike zrutAvatArase jJAta hotA hai ki bappadevakI TokAko dekhakara vIrasenAcAryako dhacalATIkA likhanekI preraNA prApta huii| isa TIkAke svAdhyAya se vIrasenane anubhava kiyA ki siddhAntake aneka viSayoMkA nirvacana chUTa gayA hai, tathA aneka sthaloM para vistRta siddhAnta-sphoTana sambandhI vyAkhyAe~ bhI mapekSata haiM / ataeva inhoMne eka nayI vivRti likhaneko parama AvazyakatA anubhava kI / phalataH bappadevakI TIkAse preraNA prApta kara 'ghavalA' evaM 'jayaghavalA' nAmaka TIkAe~ likhIM / TIkAsambandhI maulikatAe~ vIrasenAcArya mUlataH saMddhAntika, dArzanika aura kavi haiN| AcArya jina1. valATIkA samancita SaTkhaNDAgama, prathama pustaka prastAvanA, pR0 40-41 / 324 : vIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA t

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senane unheM upanibandhanakartA kahA hai| ataeva inakI dhavalA evaM jayaghavalA TokAeM vastuta: upanibandhana haiN| upanibandhanameM paramparAnumodanake sAtha jisa viSayakA prastutIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, usa viSaya yA vastupara usake svarUpa, prakRti, guNa-doSa Adiko dRSTise tarkapUrNa vivecana yA samAlocana bhI apekSita hotA hai| isa TIkAmai vicAra-pragalbhatA, anubhava-zIlatA evaM viSayako praur3hatA rahaneke kAraNa hI ise upanibandhakI saMjJA dI gayI hai| sAMskRtika upakaraNoMkA atyadhika bAhulya hai / nimitta, jyotiSa evaM nyAyazAstrakI agaNita sUkSma aura vizeSa bAteM pAyI jAtI haiN| isameM do mAnyatAoMkA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai-(1) dakSiNa pratipatti aura (2) uttara prtiptti'| dakSiNa pratipattiko AcArya pramANa mAnate haiM aura uttara pratipattiko vAma, kliSTa evaM AcAryAnanumodita / TIkAmeM ukta donoM pratipattiyoMkA vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki tiryaJca, do mAsa aura muhUttaMpRthakatvake Upara samyaktva aura saMyamAsaMyamako tathA manuSya garbhase lekara ATha varSa aura antarmuhUrtake Upara samyaktva, saMyama aura saMyamAsaMyamako prAptakara sakate hai | isa upadezako AcAryaparamparAgata honese unhoMne dakSiNa pratipatti yA Rju pratipatti batalAyA hai| isake viparIta tiryaJca tIna pakSa, tIna dina aura tona antamuhartake Upara samyaktva, saMyamAsaMyamako tathA manuSya bATha varSake Upara samyaktva, saMyamAsaMyamako prAptakara sakate haiM / isa upadezako paramparAgata na honeke kAraNa uttara pratipatti yA anRju kahA gayA hai| 1. ke vi puvuttapamANaM paMcUrNa kati / edaM paMcUrNa vakkhANaM pakAijjamANaM dakSiNa mAiriyaparaMparAgamidaM jaM vutta hoi / puncutabaksANamapayAijjamANaM vAuM AiriyaparaMparA-aNAgadamidi NAya......"esA uttaraparivattI / etva dasa avaNide dakSiNa-paDivattI havadi / -dhavalATokA khaNDa 1, bhAga 2, pu0 3, pR0 92-94 / 2. ettha ve uvadesA-vaM jahA-tirikkhesu vemAsa-muhutta-yudhassucari sammattaM saMjamA saMjamaM ca jIyo pahivajadi / maNussesu gabbhAdiaTu vassesu aMtomuttahiesu sammataM saMjameM saMjamAsaMjamaM ca pahiyadi tti / esA dakSiNapaDibattI / dakSiNa ujjubaM AiriyaparaMparAgadamidi eyaTTho / --dhavalA, pu. 5. pR0 32 / 3, (ka) tirikkhesu tiSNipakkha-tiNidivasa-aMtomuhuttassuvari sammattaM saMjamAsaMjamaM ca paDivajjadi / maNussesu aTThavassANamuvari sammattaM saMjamaM saMjamAsaMjama ca pasvijadi tti / esA uttarapaTivatto uttaramagujjuvaM / bAiriyaparaMparAe nnaagdmidi| --dhavalA, pu. 5, pR. 32 / Rtadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 325

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jayaghavalAprazastise avagata hotA hai ki vIrasenakI TokA ho yathArtha TokA hai| zeSa to paddhati yA paMjikA haiM / yathA TokA zrIvIrasenIyA zeSAH pddhti-ptrikaa:'| spaSTa hai ki vIrasenasvAmone apanI ina vizAla TokAoMmeM saiddhAntika carcAoMkA pUrNatayA samAveza kiyA hai / samasta zrutajJAnako aisI sundara vyAkhyA anyatra milanA sambhava nhiiN| mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhUta aura kaSAyaprAbhutasaMbadhI bo jJAna vIrasenako gurupamparAse upalabdha huA, use ina donoM TIkAoMmeM yathAvat nibaddha kiyA gayA hai / AgamakI paribhASAmeM ye donoM TIkAeM dRSTivAdake aMgabhUta donoM prAbhUtoMkA pratinidhitva karatI haiN| ataeva inheM svatantra granthAMkI saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja 'SaTkhaNDAyama' siddhAMta dhavalasiddhAntake nAmase aura 'pejjadosapAhuDa' jayadhavalasiddhAntake nAmase khyAta hai| ___TokAkI prAmANikatAke lie vorasenAcAryane samasta paramparAke anusAra hI vivakSita viSayakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| yadi unheM kahIM kisI bhAcAryakA abhiprAya sUtraviruddha yA paramparAviruddha pratIta huA hai, to unhoMne use agrAhya ghoSita kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha dravyapramANasUtra 7 ko vyAkhyAmeM pramattasaMyatoMkA pramANa 59, 39, 82,0, 6 batalAyA gayA hai / isapara vahA~ zahA kI gayI hai ki sUtrameM jaba unakA pramANa koTipRthaktva hI nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai taba use eka nizcita saMkhyAmeM kaise ginAyA gayA ? isa zaMkAke uttarameM batAyA gayA hai ki hamane iro AcAryaparamparAgata jinopadezase jAnA hai| ___yadi vIrasenako kahIM kisA AcAryakA vyAkhyAna sUtrase viruddha mAlUma huA hai, to use unhoMne apramANa batAyA hai / yathA-parikarmameM rAjuke ardhacchedoMkI saMkhyA aura dvIpa-sAgarasaMkhyA jambUdvIpake ardhacchedoMse eka adhika nirdiSTa kI gayI hai / isa vyAkhyAnako sUviruddha batalAkara agrAhya kahA hai| (kha) esA uttarapahivattI / etya dasa avapide dakSiNapaDibattI havadi / -dhavalA, pu0 3, pR0 94 / (ga) esA dakSiNapahivattI"eto uttarapaDitti vattaissAmo / vahI, 398, 99 / 1. jayadhavalA prazasti, padya 39 / 2. edattiyaM hodi tti katra Nampade ? aairiyprNpraagdjinnovdesaado| ---abalA pu0 3, pR089 / 316 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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jahA~ unheM AcAryaparamparAgata upadeza prApta nahIM huA, kintu gurukA upadeza prApta rahA hai vahAM unhoMne usake AdhArase bhI viSayakA vivecana kiyA hai| ___ yadi unheM kahIMpara ukta donoM hI prakArakA upadeza nahIM prApta huA, to vahAM unhoMne yuktibalase sUtrake anukUla viSaya-vyavasthA pratipAdita kI hai / para isakI ghoSaNA unhoMne kara dI hai| yathA dvIpasamudroMko saMkhyAka viSayameM AcAryoM meM matabheda rahA hai / AcArya borasenasvAmI jyotiSI devoMkI saMkhyA lAneke lie svambhUramaNa samudrakI 'bAhyavedikA' ke Age bhI pRthvIkA astitva svIkAra karate haiM. tathA rAjuke saMkhyAta addhacchedoMkA patana bhI anivArya mAnate haiM / isa prakAra unako arddhacchedoMke pramANako parokSA-bidhi abhya AcAryoM kI upadeza-paramparAkA anusaraNa nahIM karatI hai / yaha to kevala 'tiloyapaNattI ke anusAra jyotiSI devoMke bhAgahArako utpanna karanevAle sUtrake Azrayase yukti dvArA kathana kiyA hai| isa sambandhameM anya udAharaNa bhI dRSTavya haiM / yathA, sAsAdana sthAnagata jovoMkI saMkhyA nikAlane meM 'antarmuhata' zabdameM avasthita 'ansara' zabdako sAmIpya arthakA vAcaka mAnakara muhUrtase adhika kAlako bhI antarmuharta svIkAra karate hue asaMkhyAta AvalI pramANa avahAra kAlakA kathana kiyA hai| isI prakAra Apattacaturasra lokakA kathana kiyA hai| __ AcArya vIrasenasvAmIne sUtroM dvArA prApta honevAle virodhoMkA bhI samanvaya karanekI ceSTA ko hai| sUtravirodha-samanvaya ___ AcArya vIrasenane sUtroM meM prApta honevAle pArasparika virodhoMkA samanvaya karate hue vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / chudrakabandhake antargata alpabahutva aguyogadvArake 74 veM sUtrameM sUkSma vanaspatikAyikajIvoMse vanaspatikAyika jIvoMkA pramANa vizeSa adhika kahakara 75 ve sUtrameM nigodajIdoMko una vanaspatikAyikajIvoMse vizeSa adhika nirdiSTa kiyA hai| isapara zaMkAkArane nigodajIvoMke vanaspatikAyikajIvoMse bhinna na honeke kAraNa ukta banaspatikAyikoMke hI antargata honese isa 75 ve sUtrako nirarthaka batAyA hai| AcArya vIrasenane zaMkAkArako zaMkAkA samAdhAna karate hue likhA hai ki vanaspatikAyikajIvoMke alpabahatvakA kathana karaneke pazcAt usake Age nigodajIvoMko vizeSa adhika kahanevAlA 1. samyakrammANaM dvidIo Na ghepati, kiMtu ekkassetra kammadidI gheppadi / kRdo ? guruvdepaado| --dhavalA, pustaka 5, pR. 402 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 327

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vaha sUtra yadi na mAnA jAya, to siddhAnta-virodha AyagA / kevalI aura zrutakevaloke na rahaneke kAraNa upalabdha sUtroMmeM kauna sUtra Avazyaka hai aura kauna / Avazyaka nahIM, isakA nirNaya sambhava nahIM hai| ataeva satrakI AzAtanAke bhayase donoM hA sUtroMko vyAkhyA karanA Avazyaka hai| hamane to gotamasvAmI dvArA pratipAdita abhiprAyakA kathana kiyA hai| ___ isI prakAra bhAgAbhAgAnugama anuyogadvArameM bhI yahI samasyA upasthita haI hai| vahA~ sUkSma vanaspatikAyikajIvoMke sAtha-sAtha sakSma nigodiyAjIvoMkA nirdeza bhI alagase kiyA gayA hai / ataeva nimnalikhita tInoM sUtroMkA samanvaya nahIM ho pAsA haisuhamavaNaphadikAzyA sumAgodabocA sayajIvANAM kevaDiyo bhAgo ? suhamavaNapphadikAiya-suhamaNigodajIvapajattA sabajovANAM kevaDiyo bhAgo ? suhumavaNapphadikAiya-suhamaNigodajIvaapajjattA savvajIvANAM kevaDiyo bhAgo'? isakA samAdhAna karate hue vIrasenasvAmIne likhA hai---"NigodA savve baNaphadikAiyA ceva, Na aNNe; edeNa ahippAeNa kANi vibhAgAbhAgasuttANi dvidANi / kudo ? suhumavaNAdikAiyabhAgAbhAgassa tisu vi suttesu gigodjiivnniddesaabhaavaado| tado tehi sutehi edesi suttANaM virohI hodi tti bhaNide di evaM to uvadesaM laddha Na idaM suttaM idaM cAsuttamidi AgamaNiuNA bhaNata, Na ca amhe eltha vottuM samasthA, alddhobdesttaado|"2 yahA~ 34veM sUtrakI vyAkhyAne zaMkA uThAyo gayo hai ki bhAgAbhAgase sambaddha kucha sUtra aise haiM, jinake abhiprAyase saba nigodajIva vanaspatikAyika hI siddha hote haiM, unase ve bhinna siddha nahIM hote, cayoMki ukta tInoM sUtroma kevala sUkSmavanaspatikAyika jovoMkA hI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, nigodajAvoMkA nirdeza vahAM alagase nahIM AyA hai| aisI avasthAmeM una sUtroMse ina sUtroMkA virodha honA anivArya hai ? isa zaMkAke uttara meM AcArya vIrasenane batAyA hai ki yadi aisA hai, to yaha sUtra hai aura yaha sUtra nahIM hai, isakA kathana upadeza pAkara ve kareM, jo Agamame nipuNa haiN| hama isa prasaMgameM kucha nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki isake sambandhameM hameM upadeza prApta nahIM hai| ___ isI prakAra vargaNAkhaNDake antargata prakRtianuyogadvArake 1603 sUtrameM manuSyatiprayogyAnupUrvIke bhedoMkI saMkhyA nirdiSTa kI gayI hai| isa sUtrake vyAkhyAnameM kucha AcAryokA abhiprAya to yaha hai ki urvakapATachedanase niSpanna 1. SaTkhaNDAgama, pustaka 7, sUtra 29, 31, 33 pR0 503-506 / 2. SaTsaNDAgama, pu. 7, pR0 506-507 / 328 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI ApAya-paramparA

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45 lAkha yojana bAhulyarUpa tiryak prataroMko zreNIke masaMkhyAsaveM bhAgamAtra avagAhanAmedoMse guNita karane para prApta rAzi pramANa manuSyagatiprAyogyAnupUrvIke bheda haiM, aura dUsaroMkA mata yaha hai ki 45 lAkha yojanoMke rAjuprattarake arddhaccheda karane para palyopamake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgamAtra jo arddhaccheda prApta hote haiM, utane pramANa manuSyagatiprAyogyAnupUrvIke meda hai / isapara dhavalAkArane kahA hai ki upadeza prApta kara, kauna vyAkhyAna satya hai aura kauna asatya, isakA nirNaya karanA caahiye| ye donoM hI upadeza sUtra haiM / yataH Age ina donoM hI upadezoMke Azrayase pRthak-pRthak alpabahutva kI prarUpaNA kI gayI hai / yathA---" ettha ucadesaM ladbaNa edaM caiva vakkhANaM saccamaNNaM asaccamidi Nicchao kAyavvo / ede ca do vi uvaesA suttasiddhA | kudo ? uvari do ci upadese assidUNa appA bahugaparUvaNodo" / isa prakAra virodhI sUtroM kA samanvayakara AgamapramANakA kathana kiyA hai / anya granthoMke nirdeza vIrasenasvAmI ke vaiduSyakA parijJAna isI bAta se kiyA jA sakatA hai ki unhoMne apanI isa TIkAmeM prAcIna Agamake upalabdha sAhityakA pUrNatayA upayoga kiyA hai| jina AcAryoMke nAmakA nirdeza granthollekha pUrvaka kiyA gayA hai, ve nimna prakAra haiM 'dh 1. gRddhapicchAcAryaMkA tattvArthasUtra 2 tatsvArtha bhASya (tattvArthavAtikabhASya ), 3. sanmatisUtra, 4 satkarmaprAbhUta, 55 piNDiyA, 6 tiloyapaNNatti, " 7. vyAkhyAprazahi', 8. paMcAstikAya prAbhRsa 9, 9 jIvasamAsa 10, 10. pUjyapAda 1. dhavalATIkA samanvita SaTkhaNDAgama, pu0 13, pR0 381 / 2. bahI, pR0 4, pR0 316, pR0 1, pR0 258 / 103 / 3. vahI, pR0 1, pR0 4. vahI, pR0 1, pR0 5. vahI, pu0 1, pR0 6. vahI, pu0 2 0 7, vahI, pu0 3, pR0 8. vahI, pR0 3, pR0 9. vahI, pR0 4, pR0 10. vahI, pu0 4, 50 15: pu0 9, 10 243-44 / 217, 221: pu0 11, pR0 21 / 788 / 36, 504, pR0 157 / 35, pu0 10, 50 238 / 315-317 / 315 / bhUtapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 329

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viracita sArasaMgraha, 11. prabhAcandra bhaTTAraka (andhakAra), 12. samantabhadra svAmI (granthakAra), 13. chedasUtra, 14. satkarma prakRtiprAbhRta5, 15. mUlatantra', 16. yonibhUta aura 17 siddhivinizcaya' / 4 inake atirikta 'baTkhaNDAgama' ke antargata vividha anuyogadvAra jaise santasUtra (2065) ( pR0 vedanAkSetra vidhAna (pu04, pR0 94 ), cUlikAsUtra ( pu0 6, pR0 118) aura vargaNAsUtra ( pu0 1, pR0 290 ) ityAdi usI SaTkhaNDAgamake chaThe khaNDasvarUpa mahAbandha (pu0 7, pR0 195) tathA kasAyapAhuDa (pu0 1, pR0 217) va usase sambaddha cUrNi sUtra (506, pR0 177, uccAraNAcArya (pu0 10, pR0 144), nikSepAcArya (pu0 10, pR0 457), mahAvAcaka AryanandI (pu0 16, pR0 577), AryamakSu kSamAzramaNa (pu0 16, pU0 518) aura nAgahastI (50 15, pR0 327) AdikA ullekha to jahA~-tahA~ bahutAyata se huA hai| isameM sandeha nahIM ki AcArya vIrasenane 'kasA pAhuDa' aura usase sambaddha cUrNisUtroMkA adhyayana bhI sUkSmarUpase kiyA | valATokA meM aneka sthaloMpara cUrNisUtra aura kasAyapAhuDake ullekha Aye haiN| nimnalikhita granthoMke uddharaNa yA nAma bhI dhavalATIkA meM pAye jAte haiN| 1 AcArAGganiryukti, 2 mUlAcAra, 3 pravacanasAra, 4 sanmatisUtra 5 paMcAstikAyaprAbhRta, 6 dazavekAlika, 7 bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 8 anuyogadvAra, 9 cAritraprAbhUta, 10 sthAnAMgasUtra 11 zAkaTAyananyAsa, 12 AcArAGgasUtra, 13 laghIyastraya, 14 AptamomAMsA, 15 yuktyanuzAsana, 16 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 17 sarvArthasiddhi, 18 saundarananda, 19 dhanaJjayanAmamAlA aura anekArthanAmamAlA, 20 bhAvaprAbhRta, 21 bRhatsvayambhUstotra, 22 nandisUtra, 23 samavAyAGga, 24AvazyakasUtra, 25 pramANavArtika, 26 sAMkhyakArikA aura 27 karmaprakRti / dhavalATIkA meM jina gAthAoMko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai unameM se adhikAMza 1. dhavalaTIkA samanvita SaTkhaNDAgama, pR0 9 10 167 / 2. vahI, pu0 9 pR0 166 / 3. vahI, pu0 9, pR0 67 / 4. vahI, pu0 11, 10 115 / 5. vahI, pu0 9, pR0 318: pu0 15, pR0 43 6. vahI, pu0 13, pu0 90 / 7. vahI, pu0 13, pR0 349 / 8. vahIM, pu0 13, pR0 356 330 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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gAthAeM gommaTasArameM upalabdha hotI haiN| kucha gAthAe~ 'trilokasAra', 'jambUdvIpaprajJapti' aura 'vasutandizrAvakAcAra meM bhI pAyI jAtI haiN| ye saba grantha dhavalATIkAke pazcAt race gaye hai| ataH hamAga sotA hai ki ina prAna gAthAoMkA srota eka hI rahA hai| usa eka hI srotase vorasenAcAryane gAthAeM grahaNa kI haiM aura usI srotase anya grantharacayitAoMne bhI / ataeva vIrasenAcAryakA vaiduSya bahuzake rUpameM spaSTatayA avagata hotA hai / jyotiSa evaM gaNita viSayaka nirdeza AcArya vIrasena jyotiSa, gaNita, nimitta Adi viSayoMke bho jJAtA the| jyotiSako aneka mahattvapUrNa carcAeM inakI TokAmeM AyI haiN| 5 vIM zatAbdose lekara 8 vIM zatAbdI taka jyotiSaviSayaka itihAsa likhaneke lie inako yaha racanA bar3I hI upayogI hai / jyotiSasambandhI carcAoMmeM nandA, bhadrA, jayA, riktA, pUrNA saMjJAoMke nAma Aye haiM / rAtri-muhUtaM aura dina-muhUrtoM ko bhI carcA kI gayI hai| varSa, ayana aura Rtu sambandhI vicAra bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / nimittoMmeM vyaMjana aura chinna nimittoMkI carcAeM AyI haiN| . bIjagaNita gaNitakI dRSTise bhI yaha grantha apUrva hai| yahA~ hama gaNitake kucha udAharaNa prastuta kreNge| isameM pradhAnarUpase ekavarNasamIkaraNa, anekavarNasamIkaraNa, karaNI, kalpitarAziyA~, samAnAntara, guNottara, vyutkrama, samAnAntara zreNiyA~, krama, saMghaya, ghAtAMkoM aura laghugaNakoMkA siddhAnta Adi bIjasambandhI prakriyAeM milatI haiM / dhavalAmeM a ko ake ghanakA prathama vargamUla kahA hai / a ko ake ghanakA ghana batAyA hai / a ko ake vargakA dhana batalAyA hai / ake uttarottaravarga aura ghanamUla nimnaprakAra hai : a kA prathama varga arthAt (a)- a , dvitIya varga , (*)= = * , tRtIya varga , (a)3 =ba'- 3 // caturtha varga , (A)* = a.-ara isI prakAra ka varga " (a) - aneka zrutapara mora sArasvaThAcArya : 331

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inhIM siddhAntoMpara se ghAtA - siddhAnta nimna prakAra banAyA hai ma - ma / ane 2. ( ~ ) * - * * na = a ka = + ba 2. a ka ya 1. + a bha ghAtAMka - siddhAntoMke udAharaNa dhavalAke phuTakara gaNita meM milate haiM / , 3 ma a 1. prasAdaguNa 2. samAhArazaki 3. tarka yA nyAyazailI 4. pAThakazailI 5. sarjakazailI = ma a zreNovyavahAra, arddhaccheda, vyAsa, trijyA, caturasra, trikoNa evaM aneka prakArake bahubhuja kSetroMke kSetraphalAnayanako vidhi vistArapUrvaka varNita hai ! gaNitAnuyogakA duSTise vIrasenAcAryakA jJAna asAdhAraNa thaa| unhoMne vargAMka, ghAtAMka, vargavargAka, ghanAMka, RNa evaM ghana karaNiyoMke gaNita vistArapUrvaka varNita kiye haiN| koNa, rekhA, samakoNa, adhikoNa, nyUnakoNa, samatala, ghanaparimANa, vyavacchedaka sUcIchaMda, vakrarekhA Adiko gaNitavidhiyA~ bhI varNita haiN| zailo na 3. na, ina ghavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoM kI zailImeM nimnalikhita pA~ca guNa samAhita haiM- 332 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya -paramparA 1. prasAdaguNa viSaya-vivecana meM AcAryane pada aura vAkyoMkA artha to spaSTa kiyA hI hai, para sAtha hI tatsambandhI viSayako upasthita kara sUtroMkA itanA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai, jisase sUtrake samAnya artha ke sAtha usake vizeSa hRdyako bhI avagata karane meM buddhiko vyAyAma nahIM karanA par3atA hai / zaMkA-samAdhAnadvArA viSayanirUpaNa meM saralatA, svacchatA aura ADambara honatA parilakSita hotI hai / isa TokAkA dhabalAnAma bhI viSaya pratipAdanakI svacchatA kA dyotaka hai yathA" "ettA' etasmAdityarthaH / kasmAt pramANAt / kuta etadavagamyate ? pramANasya jIvasthAnasyApramANAdavatAravirodhAt / nAjalAtmaka himavato nipataJjalAtmakagaGgayA vyabhicAraH, avayavino'vayasyAtra viyogApAyasya vivakSitatvAt / nAvaya1. chaTuvaggassa urvAri sattamavamgassa do tti vujhe batthavattI na jAdetti / - dhabalA, pustaka 3, pR0 253 /

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vino'vayavo bhinno, virodhAt / tadapi pramANa dvividhaM dravyabhAvapramANabhedAt / dravyapramANAt saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAnantAtmakadravyajIvasthAnasyAvatAraH / bhAvapramANa paJcavidham-ArbhAiNabohiyabhAvapamANaM sudabhAvapamANaM maNapajjababhAvapamANa ohibhAvapamANa kevalabhAvapamANaM cedi" / 2. samAhArazakti __ zaMkA-samAdhAna dvArA viSayakA samanvaya aura saMkSepaNa karate hue vividha bhagakA saMyojana karanA samAhArAktike antargata hai |-ttiikaameN isa guNake kAraNa apane viSayako puSTike lie pUrvAcAryoM dvArA prarUpita gAthAoM aura vAkyoMkA 'ukaJca' kahakara aisA upanyAsa kiyA hai, jisase uddhRtAMza viSayameM dUdha-pAnIkI taraha mizrita ho gaye haiM / AcAryakI yaha samAhArazaktikA ho pariNAma hai| jisase vistRta vivatimeM vibhinna viSayoMkA samAveza gaMgA meM samAviSTa honevAlI vibhinna nadiyoMke samAna eka hI sthAna para huA hai aura sabhI viSaya antima niSkarSa ke rUpameM eka hI tathyako sammilita rUpame abhivyaJjanA karate haiN| yathA-"tadvyatiriktaM dvividha karmanokarmamaGgalabhedAt / tatra karmamaGgalaM darzanavizuddhayAdi-boDazadhA-pravibhaka-tIrthakara-nAmakarma-kAraNIva-pradeza -nibaddha-tIrthakara-nAmakarma mAGgalya-nibandhanavAnmaGgalam / yattanokarmamaGgalaM tad dvividham, laukika lokottaramiti / tatra laukika vividham, sacittacittaM mizramiti / tatrAcittamaGgalam siddhatya-puNNa-kUmo vaMdaNamAlA ya maMgalaM chattaM / sedo vaNNo bhAdaMsaNo ya kaNNA ya jccsso|| sacittamaGgalam / mizramaGgalaM sAlaGkArakanyAdiH / " takaM yA nyAyazelI nyAyako zailImeM svayaM nAnAprakArake vikalpa uThAkara taTasthabhAvase viSayako prastuta karanA aura viSayake upasthApanameM sarkakA Azraya lekara niSkarSa nikAlanA AcArya vIrasenako abhISTa hai| lokika aura saiddhAntika donoM hI prakArake viSayoMke prarUpaNameM ukta prakriyAko apanAyA gayA hai| yathA-"syAdaastu vagraho nirNayarUpo vA syAdanirNayarUpo vA ? Adhe avAyAntarbhAvaH / cenna, sasaH pazcAtsaMzayotpatterabhAvaprasaMgAnnirNayasya viparyayAnadhyavasAya virodhAt / anirNayarUpazca t, saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyeSvantarbhAvAditi ? na, 1. bhavasATokA samanvita SaTkhaNDAgama, pu. 1, pR. 92-93 / 2. vahI, pR0 1, pR. 26-27 / zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 333

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avagrahasya vaividhyAt / dvividho'vagraho vizadAvizadAvagrahabhedena / tatra vizado nirNayarUpaH aniymenehaavaay-dhaarnnaaprtyyotpttinibndhnH'| yahA~ avagraha ' nirNayarUpa hai yA anirNayarUpa / prathama pakSameM usakA avAyameM antarbhAva honA cAhiye, para aisA sambhava nahIM, kyoMki aisA mAnanepara usake saMzayako utpattike abhAvakA prasaMga AyamA / tathA nirNayake viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya rUpa honekA virodha bhI hai | anirNayasvarUpa mAnanepara avagraha pramANa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki aisA honepara usakA saMzaya, vipayarya aura anadhyavasAyameM antarbhAva hogA? ukta zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki avagraha do prakArakA hai vizadAvagraha aura avizadAvagraha / isa prakAra tarkapUrvaka viSayakA prastutIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 4. pAThakazailI jisa prakAra koI pAThaka-zikSaka apane chAtrako viSaya samajhAte samaya jAnakI vibhinna dizAoMse tathyoMkA cayana kara udAharaNoM aura dRSTAntoM dvArA viSayabodha karAtA hai tathA apane abhimatakI puSTi ke lie prAmANika vyaktiyoMke matoMko uddharaNake rUpa meM upasthita karatA hai| ThIka isI prakArako dhavalATIkAko zailI hai| kaThina zabdoM aura vAkyoMke nirva vana eka kuzala prAdhyApakakI zailI meM nibaddha kiye gaye haiN| 5. sarjakazailI 'dhavalATIkA' TIkA honepara bhI, eka svatantra grantha hai| AcArya vIrasenane isa TIkAko TIkA yA bhASyake rUpameM hI prathita nahIM kiyA hai, balki eka svatantra granthake rUpameM viSayako upasthita kiyA hai| svatantragranthakartA aura bhASyapraNetAmeM mala antara yaha hotA hai ki svatantragrantharacayitA viSayakI abhivyanjanA apane kramase nizcita zailImeM prastuta karatA hai, sAtha hI maulika tathyoMko sthApanA bhI karatA calatA hai / viSayaprarUpaNake lie usake samakSa kisI bhI tarahakA avarodha yA anya koI bandhana nahIM rahatA hai| bhASya yA vivRtikArake samakSa mUla-granthakAra dvArA nirUpita viSayoMko sImA evaM unake pratipAdanake mArgameM vibhinna prakArake avarodha upasthita rahate haiM / ataH TIkAkArameM paravazAnuvatittva pAyA jAtA hai| vivRti-lekhaka svatantra matakI sthApanAke lie bhItarase becaina rahatA hai, para usako somA use Age bar3hanese rokatI hai| AcArya vIrasenameM paravazAnuvartittva rahanepara bhI svatantra rUpase karma-siddhAnta evaM vibhinna dArzanika mAnyatAoM ke nirUpaNako pUrNa kSamatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai 1. SaTpaNDAgama, dhavalA pu0 9, pR0 144-145 / 334 : tIpaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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ki unhoMne katipaya tathya bahuta maulika aura nUtanarUpameM abhivyakta kiye haiM / ataeva vIrasenasvAmIkI zailImeM sarjanAtmaka pratibhAkA pUrNa samAveza pAyA jAtA hai| mUlya evaM niSkarSa yaha pahale hI likhA jA cukA hai ki dhavalATokAkA mUlya kisI bhI svatantra granthase kama nahIM hai / isameM grahItagrAhI jJAnako pramANa mAnA gayA hai| AcArya vIrasenakI dRSTi meM pramANatAkA kAraNa saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAyakA na utpanna honA hai / jisa jJAnameM tInoM ajJAnoMkI nivRtti rahatI hai, vaha jJAna pramANa hotA hai| isI prakAra avagraha, IhA Adi jJAnoMke nirvacana bhI navIna rUpameM prastuta kiye gaye haiM / upayogake svarUpa-vivecanameM sAmAnyapadase AtmAkA grahaNa kara darzanopayogakA svarUpa AbhyantarapravRtti aura jJAnopayogakA svarUpa bAhyapravRtti batalAyA hai / saMkSepameM isa TIkAkA mUlya nimnalikhita sUtroMmeM abhivyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. pUrvAcAryoko mAnyatAoMkA puSTIkaraNa / 2. pAribhASika zabdoMke vyutpattimUlaka nirvacanoMkA vivecana / 3. navIna dArzanika mAnyatAoMkA sayuktika pratipAdana / 4. maNi-pravAlanyAyadvArA mizrita bhASAkA prayoga kara apane yuga takako bhASAmalaka pravRttiyoMkA niruupnn| 5. pAThakazailIdvArA viSayoMkA vizadIkaraNa / 6. saMkhyAoM, sUtroM evaM gaNitaviSayaka mAnyatAoMkA vivecana / 7. bhaMga aura vikalpa jAlakA vistAra kara viSayakA vitata bhinnakI prakriyA dvArA utthApana / 8. mUlasUtroMmeM prayukta pratyeka padakA paryApta vistAra aura sandarbhokA vizadIkaraNa / 9. praznottaroM dvArA viSayakA sphuTIkaraNa / 10. zaMkAoM aura samAdhAnoMke sandarbha meM pAThAntaroMkA sNketiikrnn| 11. pUrvAcAryoMke sandarbhoko uddhRta kara aitihAsika tathyoMkA pratipAdana ! 12. svakathanake puSTIkaraNake hetu anya AcAryo ke vAkyoM yA mAnyatAoMkA prastutIkaraNa / 13. virodhI viSayoMmeM guru-paramparAkA anusaraNa kara nirNayakA prtipaadn| 14. zrutabahubhAgako vismRttike garbhase nikAlakara svatantra evaM sarjanAtmaka zaktimeM nibaddhIkaraNa / bhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 335

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15. sUtrakArake vaMzAnuvatitva rahanepara bhI svatantrarUpase kama-siddhAnta evaM dArzanika siddhAntoMkA nirUpaNa / vIrasenAcAryane akele vaha kArya kiyA hai, jo kArya mahAbhArata ke racayitAne kiyA hai| mahAbhAratakA pramANa eka lakSa zloka hai aura yaha TIkA bhI lagabhaga itanI hI bar3I hai / ataeva 'yadihAsti tadanyatra yannehAsti na tadvacid' ukti yahA~ bhI caritArtha hai| jinasena dvitIya AcArya jinasena dvitIya, zrutadhara aura prabuddhAcAryoke bocakI kar3I honeke kAraNa inakA sthAna sArasvatAcAryoM meM parigaNita hai| ye pratibhA aura kalpanAke advitoya dhanI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki inheM 'bhagavat jinasenAcArya' kahA jAtA hai| zrata yA Agama granthoMkI TokA racaneke atirikta mulagrantharacayitA bhI haiN| inakA pANDitya sAhitya-gaganameM bhAskarake samAna nirantara prakAzita hai / jIvana-paritA inake vaiyaktika jIvanake sambandhameM vizeSa jAnakArI aprApta hai| jayadhavalA TokAke antameM do gayo padya-racanAse inake vyaktitvake sambandhameM kucha jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| inhone bAlyakAlameM (AbaddhakarNa-karNasaMskArake pUrva) hI jinadIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| kaThora brahmacaryako sAdhanA dvArA vAgdevIko ArAdhanAmeM tatpara rahe / inakA zarIra kRza thA, AkRti bhI bhavya aura ramya nahIM thii| bAhya vyaktitvake manorama na honepara bhI tapazcaraNa, jJAnArAdhana evaM kuzAgra baddhike kAraNa inakA antaraGga vyaktitva bahuta hI bhavya thaa| ye jAna aura adhyAtmake avatAra the 1 inako janma denekA gaurava kisa jAti-kulako prApta huA, yaha nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jinasena mUlasaMghake paJcastupAnvayake AcArya haiM / inake gurukA nAma vIrasena aura dAdAgurukA nAma Aryanandi thA | vIrasenake eka gurubhAI jayasena the| yahI kAraNa hai ki jinasenane apane AdipurANameM 'jayasena kA bhI gururUpameM smaraNa kiyA hai / jinasenake satIrtha dazaratha nAmake AcArya the / uttarapurANako prazastimeM guNabhadrAcArya ne batAyA hai ki jisa prakAra candramAkA sagharmI sUrya hotA hai, usI prakAra jinasenake sadharmI yA satIthaM dazaratha guru the, jo ki sasArake padArthoMkA avalokana karAneke lie advitIya netra the| inakI vANIse jagatkA svarUpa 336 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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avagata kiyA jAtA thaa|' jinasena aura dazaratha gurukA suprasiddha ziSya guNabhanna huA, jo vyAkaraNa, siddhAnta aura kAvyakA paragAmI thaa| muNabhadrane AdipurANake avaziSTa aMzako Arambha karate samaya jinasenake prati apanI bar3I bhArI zraddhA-bhakti samarpita kI hai tathA unake jJAna-caritrako muktakaNThase prazaMsA kI hai| jinasenakA citrakUTa, baMkApura saura ugrAma ra rahAra usa samaya vanavAsa dezako rAjadhAnI thA, jo vartamAnameM dhAravAr3a jile meM hai| ise rASTrakUTa akAlavarSake sAmanta lokAdityake pitA keyarasane apane nAmase rAjadhAnI banAyA thaa| baTagrAma aura baTapadako eka mAnakara kucha vidvAn bar3audAko baTagrAma yA baTapada kahate haiM / citrakUTa bhI vartamAna cittor3ase bhinna nahIM hai| isI citrakUTameM elAcArya nivAsa karate the, jinake pAsa jAkara vIrasenasvAmIne siddhAntagranthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| jinasenake samayameM rAjanItika sthiti sudRr3ha thI tathA zAstrasamunnatikA yaha yuga thaa| inake samakAlIna nareza rASTrakUTavaMzI jayatuGga aura nRpatuGga aparanAma amoghavarSa (san 815-877 I0) the| inakI rAjadhAnI mAnyakheTameM usa samaya vidvAnoMkA acchA samAgama thaa| amoghavarSa svayaM kavi aura vidvAna thA / usane 'kavirAjamArga' nAmaka eka alaGkAraviSayaka grantha kannar3a bhASAmeM likhA hai / amoghavarSa jinasenakA bar3A bhakka thaa| mahAvIrAcArya ke 'gaNittasArasaMgraha aura 'saMskRtakAvya praznottararatnamAlA ke ullekhoMse samadha hai ki amAghavarSane jena dIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| amoghavarSa ke samayameM kerala, mAlavA, garjara aura citrakUTa bhI rASTrakUTa rAjyameM sammilita the| zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIkA anumAna hai ki bar3audA bhI amoghavarSa ke rAjya meM sammilita thA / Anatendra koI rASTrakUTa rAjA yA sAmanta rahA hogA, jinake bananA mandiA dhavalATIkA likho gyii| ataeva jinasenakA sambandha citrakuTa ke sAtha rahane tathA amoghavarSa dvArA sammAnita honese inakA janmasthAna mahArASTra aura karyATakako sImAbhUmiko anumAnita kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1. uttarapurANaprazasti zloka 11-13 taka / 2. Agalya citrakUTAttataH sa bhagavAn guroranujJAnAt / 3. uttarapurANa prazasti 32-34 tathA zrutAvatAra zloka-179 / 4, mahAvIra gaNitasAra, zolApura saMskaraNa, 13, 148 / 5. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prathama saMskaraNa prastAvanA, pR0 19 1 zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 37

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abhilekhoM meM varNita jinasenakA vyaktitya zravaNabelagolAke abhilekhoMmeM jinasenake ullekha aneka sthAnoM para Aye haiN| abhilekhasaMkhyA 47, 50, 105 aura 422 meM jinasenakA nirdeza AyA hai| meSacandraprazastimeM likhA hai"sinA jima vorasegA TETTER.mA-maskAraH !"" joyAjjagatyAM jinasenasUriya'syopadezojjavaladapaNena / vyaktIkRtaM sarvamidaM vineyAH puNyaM purANaM puruSA vidanti / / vinaya bharaNa-pAtraM bhavyalokaikamitraM vibudhanutacaritraM tadgaNendrAgraputra / vihitabhuvanabhadraM vItamohonidraM vinamata guNabhadraM tIrNavidhAsamudraM // ina donoM padyoMmeM jinasena aura guNabhadra donoMkI prazaMsA kI gayI hai / jinasenake upadezase guNabhadrane avaziSTa AdipurANako pUrNa kiyA aura uttaraprANako racanA kI hai / abhilekha saMkhyA 422 meM jina jinasenakA nAma AyA hai ve AcArya jinasena dvitIyase bhinna koI bhaTrAraka haiN| ataH abhilekhoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki jinasena dvitIya siddhAnta, purANa aura kAvyaracanAmeM atyanta paTu the| inakI kavitA-nijhariNIke sIkaroMse santuSTa bhavyajana AnandameM magna hone lagate haiM / sarasvatIkA graha lAr3alA apane yugakA mahAn vidvAn aura AcArya hai / abhilekha meM jo jinasenake upadezako bAta kahI gayI hai usakI puSTi mahApurANake maGgalapadyoMse bhI hotI hai / unhoMne maGgalAcaraNameM hI yaha nirdeza kara diyA hai ki yadi mere dvArA yaha grantha pUrNa na ho sake to tuma (guNabhadra) ise pUrNa krnaa| ataH abhilekhoMkA sambandha jinasenAcAryake sAhityake sAtha bhI ghaTita ho jAtA hai / samaya-vicAra harivazapurANake racayitA jinasena prathamane vIrasena aura jinasenakA ullekha kiyA hai / unhoMne likhA hai jitAtmaparalokasya kavInAM cakravartinaH / bIrasenaguroH kiitirphlkaavbhaaste|| yA'mitAbhyudaye pAyeM jinendraguNasaMstutiH / svAmino jinasenasya kIrti saGkIrtayatyasau / / 1. janazilAlekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha 47, pR0 62, padya 30 / 2. vahIM, abhilekha-105, pR0 199, padya 22-23 / 338 : tIrghakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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vardhamAnapurANodyadAdityokti gabhastayaH / prasphuranti girIzAntaH sphuTasphaTika bhittiSu / / jinhoMne paralokako jIta liyA hai aura jo kaviyoMke cakravartI haiM una vIrasenagurukI kalaGkarahita kIrti prakAzita ho rahI hai| jinasenasvAmIne pArzvanAtha bhagavAna ke guNoMkI stuti banAyI hai- pAzrvabhyudayakI racanA kI hai, bahI stuti unakI kIttikA varNana kara rahI hai| ina jinasenake vardhamAnapurANa rUpo udita hote hue sUrya kI uktirUpI razmiyA~ vidvad puruSoMke antaHkaraNarUpI sphaTika bhUmimeM prakAzamAna ho rahI hai / ukta sandarbha meM prayukta 'avabhAsate', 'saGkIrtayati', 'prasphuranti' jaise vattaMmAnakAlika kriyApada harivaMzapurANake racayitA jinasenakA inako samakAlIna siddha karate haiM / harivaMzapurANakI racanA zaka saMvat 705 ( I0 san 783) meM pUrNa huI hai| ataH jinasenasvAmIkA samaya I0 sankI AThavIM zatIkA uttarArddha hai / jayadhavalATIkAkI prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki isakI samApti jinasenane zaka saMvat 759 phAlguna zuklA dazamakiM pUrvAmeM kI hai| isa TIkAko vIrasenasvAmIne prArambha kiyA thA, para ve 40 hajAra zlokapramANa ho sake the| apane guruke isa apUrNa kAryako jinasenane pUrNa kiyA hai / jinasenane AdipurANakA prArambha apanI vRddhAvasthA meM kiyA hogA / isI kAraNa ve isake 42 parva ho likha sake | ataH jayajavalATIkAke anantara AdipurANakI racanA mAnane se jinasenakA astitva I0 sankI navam zartI taka mAnA jA sakatA hai / guNabhadrane uttarapurANako samApti I0 san 897 meM kI hai / yaha pahale hI likhA jA cukA hai ki jinasenAcArya ke vitrya guNabhadrane AdipurANa 43 parvake caturthaM padyase samAptiparyanta kula 1620 iloka ra haiN| mahApurANake dvittIya bhAgasvarUpa uttarapurANako guNabhadrane pUrNa kiyA hai| AdipurANa meM AditIrthaGkarakA jIvanavRtta hai aura uttarapurANa meM ajitanAtha karo mahAvIparyanta 23 tIrthakara 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 balabhadra aura pratinArAyaNa tathA jIvanvara svAmI Adi viziSTa puNyAtmA puruSoMke kathAnaka aMkita kiye gaye haiN| uttara purANa ke anta meM guNabhadraka ziSya lokasena dvArA likhita prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki zaka saMvata 820 zrAvaNa zuklA paMcamI guruvAra ko isa granthakI pUjA bhI gyii| ataH uttarapurANakI 1. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 1139 - 43 | tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 339

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samApti isase pahale honI cAhiye / isa prakAra guNabhadrakA samaya bhI I0 sanko dazama zatAbdi mAnane meM kisI prakArakI bAdhA nahIM Ato hai| vAstava meM vIrasena, jinasena aura guNabhadra-ina tInoM AcAryoM kA sAhityika vyaktitva atyanta mahanIya hai aura tInoM eka dUsareke anupUraka haiN| yorasenake apUrNa kAryako jinasenane pUrNa kiyA hai aura jinasenake apUrNa kAryako guNabhadne / racanAe~ jinasenAcArya kAvya, vyAkaraNa, nATaka, darzana, alaGkAra, AcAra, karmasiddhAnta prabhRti aneka viSayoM ke bahuja vidvAna the| inakI kevala tIna hI racanAe~ upalabdha haiM / vardhamAnacaritakI sucanA avazya prApta hotI hai, para yaha kRti abhI taka dekhane meM nahIM AyI hai / 1, pArvAbhyudaya 2. AdipurANa 3. jayavabalATIkA 1. pAzrvAbhyudaya' yaha kAlidAsake meghadUta nAmaka kAvyakI samasyApUrti hai| isameM kahIM meghadatake eka aura kahIM do pAdoMko lekara padya-racanA kI gayI hai / isa kAvyagranthameM sampUrNa meghadUta samAviSTa hai / ataH meghadUtake pAThazodhanake lie bhI isa granthakA mUlya kama nahIM hai| dIkSA dhAraNa kara tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha pratimAyogameM virAjamAna haiN| pUrva bhavakA virodhI kamaThakA jIva zambara nAmaka jyotiSkadeva avadhijJAnase apane zatrukA parijJAna kara nAnAprakArake upasarga detA hai| isI kathAvastuko abhivyaJjanA pAzrvAbhyudaya meM kI gayI hai| zRMgArarasase ota-prota meghadUtako zAntarasameM parivartita kara diyA gayA hai / sAhityika dRSTise yaha kAvya bahuta sundara aura kAvyaguNoMse maMDita hai| isameM cAra sarga haiM--prathama sargameM 118, dvitoya sagaMmeM 118, tutIyameM 57 aura caturtha meM 71 padya haiN| isa kAvyameM zambara (kamaTha) yakSake rUpameM kalpita hai / kavitA atyanta praur3ha evaM camatkArapUrNa hai / yahA~ udAharaNArtha eka-do padya uddhRta kiye jAte haiM . tantrImArdA nayanasalila: sArayitvA kathaMcita svAGgulyaH kusumamRdubhirvallarImaspRzantI / 1. pAzrvAbhyudaya, nirNaya sAgara presa. bambaI / 340 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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dhyAyaM dhyAyaM tvadupagamanaM zUnyacintAnukaNThI, bhUyobhUyaH svayamapi kRtAM mUrchanAM vismarantI' / / AmrakUTa parvatake zikhara para meghake pahuMcane para kavi parvata-zobhAkA varNana karatA huA kahatA hai kRSNAhiH kiM balayitatanuH madhyamasyAdhizete; kiM vA nIlotpalaviracitaM zekharaM bhUbhRtaH syAt / ityAzaGkAM janayati purA mugdhAvadyAdharINAM, vAyyArUDhe zikharamacala: snigdhaveNIsavarNe // samasyApUtimeM kavine sargathA navIna bhAvayojanA kI hai| mArgavarNana aura basundharAko virahAvasthAkA varNana meghadUtake samAna hI hai| parantu isakA saMdeza meghadatase bhinna hai| zambara pAcarNanAthake dhairya, saujanya, sahiSNutA aura apAra zaktise prabhAvita hokara svayaM vairabhAvakA tyAga kara unako zaraNameM pahuMcatA hai aura pazcAttApa karatA huA apane aparAdhako kSamAyAcanA karatA hai / kavine kAvyake bIcameM "pApApAye prathamamuditaM kAraNaM bhaktireva" jaisI sUktiyoMkI bhI yojanA kI hai / isa kAvyameM kula 364 mandAkrAntA padya haiN| 2. AdipurANa yaha Akara grantha hai| purANa hote hue bhI isameM itihAsa, bhUgola, saMskRti samAja, rAjanIti aura arthazAstra Adi vaSaya bhI samAviSTa haiN| jinasenane purANake lie ATha varNya viSaya batalAye haiN| 1. loka-loka-saMsthAna, loka-AkRti, kSetraphala, bheda evaM urghA, madhya aura adholokakA varNana, kSetra, Dhopa, parvata, nadI AdikA varNana / 2. deza--janapadoMkA citraNa / 3. nagara-ayodhyA, bArANaso prabhRti nagariyoMkA citraNa / 4. rAjya---rAjyoMkI samRddhikA citraNa / 5, tIrtha - dharmapravRtti evaM tIrthabhUmiyoMkA nirUpaNa / 6. dAna-tapa-tapa-dAnakI phalotpAdaka kathAoMkA varNana / 7, gati-catargatike duHkhoMkA varNana 1 8. phala-puNya-pApake phalake sAtha mokSaprAptikA nirUpaNa / 1. pAAmyudaya 3 / 39 / 2. vahIM 17 / 3. yaha bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita hai| zrutadhara aura sArasvatArArya : 341

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ina ATha viSayoMke atirikta AdipurANa meM nimnalikhita paurANika tattva bhI vidyamAna haiM 1. zalAkApuruSoMke konoM para AzrayaNa / 2. AkhyAnoM meM sahasA dizAparivartana | 3. samakAlIna sAmAjika samasyAoM kA udghATana / 4. pArivArika jIvanake kaTu-madhu citra | 5. saMvAda tatvakI alpatA rahanepara bhI ghaTanAsUtroM dvArA AkhyAnoMmeM gatimatvadharmakI utpatti / 6. kathAoM ke madhya meM pUrvajanmake AkhyAnoMkA samavAya, dharmatattva aura dharmasiddhAntoMkA niyojana | 7. rocakatA madhyavindu taka rahatI hai| ataH AgekI kathAvastumeM saghanatA aura ghaTanAoMkA bAhulya | 8. alaMkRta varNana ke sAtha lokatattva aura kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM kA prayoga / 9. lokAnuzrutiyAM, purANagAthAe~, lokavizvAsa prabhUtikA saMyoga / 10. prema, zRMgAra, kutUhala, manorajana, rahasya evaM dharmazraddhAkA varNana / 11. janamAnasakA pratiphalana, pUrvajanmake saMskAra aura phalopabhogoMkI taralatAkA citraNa | AdipurANakI saMkSipta kathA-vastu AdipurANako kathA vastuke pradhAna nAyaka Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva aura unake putra bharata cakravartI haiN| ina donoM zalAkApuruSoMke jIvanase samparka rakhanevAle kitane hI anya mahApuruSoMkI kathAe~ bhI AyI haiN| isa mahAgranthakI kathAvastu 47 parvo meM vibhaka hai / prathama do parvoM meM kathAke vaktA, zrotA evaM purANa zravaNakA phala Adi varNita hai / tRttIya parva meM utsarpaNa aura avasarpaNa kAloM ke suSumasumAdibhedoM evaM bhogabhUmikI vyavasthApara prakAza DAlA gayA hai| pratizruti Adi kulakaroMkI utpatti, unake kArya aura unakI Ayu AdikA varNana AyA hai / antima kulakara nAbhirAyake samaya meM gaganAGgaga meM sarvaprathama ghanaghaTA, vidyut prakAza aura sUrya kI svarNarazmiyoMke samparka se usameM raMga-viraMge indradhanuSa dikhalAyI par3ate haiN| varSA hotI hai aura vasudhAtala jalamaya ho jAtA hai / mayUra nRtya karane lagate haiM aura cirasaMtapta cAtaka santoSako sA~sa letA kalpavRkSa naSTa ho jAte haiM aura vividha prakArake dhAnya apane-Apa utpanna hone lagate haiM / kalpavRkSoMke na rahane se prajA meM vyAkulatA vyApta ho jAtI hai Ara 342 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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sabhI loga AjIvikAvihIna duHkhI ho, nAbhirAyake pAsa jAkara nirvAha yogya vyavasthA pUchate haiN| nAbhirAya caudahaveM kulakara manu the| unhoMne dhAnya, phala, ikSu, rasa Adiupayoga karane ke vidhi batalAyI tathA miTTIka battana banAkara AvazyakatA kI pUrti karanekA upadeza diyaa| prajAmeM sukha aura zAnti banAye rakhane ke lie daNDavyavasthA bhI pratipAdita kii| isI parva meM sabhI kulakaroMke kAryoM kA varNana AyA hai / caturtha parva meM purANake varNanIya viSayoMkA pratipAdana karane ke anantara jambU dvIpake videha kSetra ke antargata gandhiladeza aura usakI alakAnagarIkA citraNa AyA hai| isa nagarI ke adhipati atibala vidyAdhara aura usakI manohrA nAmaka rAjJIkA varNana kiyA hai| isa dampatike mahAbala nAmakA putra utpanna huA / atibala virakta hokara dokSita ho gayA aura mahAbalako zAsanabhAra prApta huA | mahAbalake mahAmati, sambhinnamati, zatamati aura svayaM buddha ye cAra mantrI the| rAjA mantriyoMke Upara zAsanabhAra chor3akara bhogopabhogoMke sevanameM Asakta ho gayA / paMcama parva meM mahAbalako virakti aura salekhanAkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| 22 dinoMkI saMlekhanA ke prabhAvase mahAbala aizAna svarga meM lalitAMga nAmakA mahaddhika deva hotA hai / SaSTha parva meM Ayuke chaH mAsa zeSa rahanepara lalitAMga duHkhI hotA hai, para samajhAye jAnepara vaha acyuta svargako jinapratimAoMkA pUjana karatekarate caityavRkSa ke nIce paMcanamaskAra mantra kA jApa karate-karate svargakI Ayuko pUrNa karatA hai | lalitAMga svargase cyuta ho, puSkalAvata dezake utpalasveTa nagara ke rAjA vavAha aura rAnI vasundharAke garbhase vajrajaMca nAmakA rAjaputra hotA hai / lalitAMgako priyA svayaMprabhA puNDarokaNI nagarIke rAjA bajradantake yahA~ zrImatI nAmakI putrI hotI hai / yazodhara guruke kaivalyamahotsava ke lie devoMko AkAzameM jAte dekhakara zrImatIko pUrvabhavakA smaraNa ho AttA hai aura vaha apane priya lalitAMgadevako prApta karane ke lie kRtsaMkalpa ho jAtI hai | paMDitatrAya usakI sahAyatA karatI hai / vaha zrImatI dvArA nirmita pUrvabhavapratIkoMse yukta citrapaTakA laMkara utpalakheTake mahApUta jinAlaya meM pahu~catA hai| yahAM para citrapaTako phailA detI hai / darzakavRnda use dekhakara cakita ho jAte haiM, para usake yathArtha rahasyase anabhijJa hI rahate haiM / saptama parva meM batAyA gayA hai ki lalitAMgadevakA jIva vajyajaMgha mahAputa cainyAlaya meM AtA hai, aura usa citrapaTako dekhate hI, use apane pUrvajanmakA smaraNa ho jAtA hai, jisase vaha apanI priyA svayaMprabhAko prApta karaneke lie zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 343

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aSTama parva meM vajaMgha aura bhogopabhoga becaina ho jAtA hai / paNDitAdhAyako vaha bhI eka citrapaTa bheMTa karatA hai, jisameM svayaMprabhA jIvana rahasyako aMkita kiyA gayA hai| vajrajaMtra puNDarIkiNI nagarI meM AtA hai aura zrImatI ke sAtha usakA vivAha ho jAtA hai / lalitAMgadeva aura svayaMprabhA punaH baccajagha aura zrImatoke rUpa meM sayogako prApta karate haiM / kiyA gayA hai| vajrajaMghakA zvasura vajradanta cakravartI kamalameM banda mRta bhramarako dekhakara virakta ho jAtA hai / putra amitatejake dvArA zAsana svIkRta na kiye jAnepara vaha usake putra puNDarIkako rAjya dekara yazodhara munike samakSa aneka rAjAoMke sAtha dIkSita ho jAtA hai / paNDitAdhAya bhI dIkSita ho jAtI hai| cakravartIkI patnI lakSmImati puNDarIkako alpavayaska jAnakara rAjya sambhAlane ke lie apane jAmAtA vajrajaghako bulAtI hai / vajrajaMgha apanI priyA zrImatI ke sAtha puNDarIkiNI nagarIko prasthAna karatA hai / vaha mArga meM cAraNaRddhidhArI muniyoMko AhAradAna detA hai / vaha damadhara nAmaka munirAja se apane bhavAntara jAnanA cAhatA hai, munirAja use AThaveM bhAva meM tIrthaMkara hone tathA zrImatoko dAnatIrthakA pravartaka zreyAMsa hone kI bhaviSyavANI karate haiM / vajJajaMgha puNDarIkiNI nagarameM pahuMcakara sabako sAntvanA detA hai aura apane nagara meM lauTa AtA hai / I I navama parva ke prArambha meM bhogopabhogoMkA citraNa AyA hai / eka dina najaMgha aura zrImatI zayanAgArameM zayana kara rahe the, sugandhita dravyakA dhUmra phailanesa zayanAgAra atyanta suvAsita ho rahA thA / saMyogavaza dvArapAla usa dina gavAkSa kholanA bhUla gayA, jisase zvAsa ruka jAne ke kAraNa una donokI mRtyu ho gayI / pAtradAnake prabhAva se donoM uttarakurumeM Arya AryA hue| prItikara munirAja ke samparka se Arya maraNa kara IzAna svarga meM zrIdhara nAmakA deva huA / AryA bhI usI svarga meM devI huI / dazama parva ke prArambha meM prItikarake kevalajJAna - utsavakA varNana AyA hai / zrIdhara bhI isa utsava meM sammilita huA / antameM vaha svarga se vyukta hokara jambU dvIpake pUrva videhakI suSamA nagarImeM sudRSTi rAjAkI sundaranandA nAmaka rAnIke garbhase suvidhi nAmakA putra utpanna huaa| yaha cakravartI rAjA huA aura zrImatIkA jIva kezaba nAmaka usakA putra huaa| suvidhi putrake anurAgake kAraNa muni na bana sakA, para dharapara hI dhAvakake vratoMkA pAlana kara sanyAsake prabhAvase solahaveM svarga meM acyutendra huA / ekAdaza parva meM acyUtendra ke paryAya vajranAbhikA varNana AyA hai| vajranAbhi cakraratnakI prAptike anantara digvijaya ke lie prasthAna karatA hai / rAjyako 344 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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samRddha karane ke pazcAt vaha darzanavizuddhi Adi solaha kAraNabhAvanAoMkA ciMtana kara tIrthaMkaraprakRtikA bandha karatA hai| antameM prAyopagamana sanyAsa dhAraNa kara sarvArthasiddhi vimAnameM utpanna hotA hai| ____ dvAdaza parvameM ahamindrakA jIva RSabhadevake rUpa meM nAbhirAya aura marudevIke yahA~ janma dhAraNa karatA hai / isa parvameM marudevIkI garbhAvasthA aura deviyoMko kI gayI sevAMkA varNana kiyA hai| ___trayodaya parvameM AditIrthaMkara RSabhadevakA indra dvArA janmAbhiSeka utsavake kiye jAne kA nirUpaNa AyA hai| unakA sumeru parvatapara eka hajAra ATha kalazoMke dvArA abhiSeka sampanna hotA hai| caturdaza parvameM indrANI bAlakako vastrAbhUSaNoMse susajjita kara mAtAko sauMpa desI hai 1 indra tANDavanRtya kara unakA RSabhadeva nAma rakhatA hai| paJcadaza parvameM RSabhadevake zArIrika saundarya aura unake eka hajAra ATha zubha lakSaNoMkA varNana AyA hai| mahArAja nAbhirAya yuvaka honepara putrase vivAha karanekA anurodha karate haiN| phalasvarUpa kaccha aura mahAkacchakI bahaneM yazasvatI aura sunandAke sAtha RSabhadevakA vivAha sampatra hotA hai| Sor3azaparvake anusAra yazasvatIke udarase bharatacakravartIkA janma hotA hai aura sunandAke udarase bAharalokA / RSabhadevakA yazasvatIse anya 98 pUtra aura brAhmI nAmaka kanyAko prApti hotI hai / sunandAse bAhuvalIke atirikta mundarI nAmaka kanyAratna bhI upalabdha hotI hai / RSabhadeva prajAko asi, maSi, kRSi, bANijya, sevA aura zilpa ina SaT AjAvikopayogI karmoko zikSA dete haiM / kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ina tIna varNo ko vyavasthA karate haiM / saptadaza parvameM RSabhadevako virakti prApta karaneke lie eka mArmika ghaTanA ghaTita hotI hai| nIlAJjanA nAmaka nartako acAnaka vilIna ho jAtI hai| RSabhadeva isa aghaTita ghaTanAko dekhate hI virakta ho jAte haiM / svargase laukAntikadeva Akara unake vairAgyako puSTi karate haiM / ve ayodhyA ke paTTapara bharatakA rAjyAbhiSeka kara anya putroMko yathAyogya rAjya dete haiM / siddhArthavanameM jAkara parigrahakA tyAgakara caitra kRSNA navamoke dina RSabhadeva dIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiM / inake sAtha cAra hajAra anya rAjA bhI dIkSita ho jAte haiM / ____ aSTadaza parvameM batAyA gayA hai ki RSabhadeva chaH mAhakA yoga lekara zilApaTrapara AsIna ho jAte hai| dIkSA dhAraNa karate hI manaHpayaMyajJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai / sAthameM dIkSita hue rAjA bhraSTa ho jAte haiM aura vibhinna matoMkA bhrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 345

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pracAra karate haiN| kaccha, mahAkacchake putra nami-vinami bhagavAna RSabhadevase kucha mA~gane Ate haiM | dharaNendra unheM samajhAkara vijayArdhaparvata para le jAtA hai / ekonaviMza parvameM dharaNendra dvArA nami-binamiko vijayA parvatako nagariyoMkA paricaya diyA gayA hai| vizaparvama AditIrthaMkara RSabhadevakA eka varSake tapaHkA . ananta hastinApura gAMrAke yahAM pazu rasakA AhAra hotA hai / ekaviMza parvameM dhyAnakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / dvAviMza parvameM RSabhadevako kevalajJAnako prApti, jJAnakalyANaka utsava evaM samavazaraNakA citraNa AyA hai| trayoviMza parvameM samavazaraNameM indrane Adi tIrthakarako pUjA-stuti kI hai / catuviMza parva meM bharata dvArA bhagavAna RSabhadevako pUjA kI gayI hai| isI parvameM bhagavAnako divyadhvanikA bhI varNana AyA hai| paMcaviza parva meM aSTaprAtihAya, cauMtIsa atizaya aura anantacatuSTaya suzobhita tIrthakarakI stuti kI gayI hai| isa parvameM sahasranAmarUpa mahAstavana bhI AyA hai| SaDviMzatitama parva meM bharata dvArA cakraratnako pUjA aura putrotsava sampanna karanekA varNana samAhita hai| cakravartI digvijapake lie pUrva dizAko ora prasthAna karatA hai / saptaviMzatitama parvameM gaMgA aura bana zobhAkA varNana AyA hai| aSTaviMzatitama parvakA Arambha digvijayArtha cakravartIka sainika prayANase hotA hai / cakravartIko senA sthalamArgase gaMgAke kinAreke upavanameM praviSTa hotI hai / usane lavaNa samudrako pAra kara mAgadhadevako jiitaa| ekonaviMzattama parva meM dakSiNa dizAko ora abhiyAna karanekA varNana AyA hai| vizatitama parvameM cakravartI dakSiNako vijaya kara pazcima dizAkI ora bar3hatA hai aura vindhyagiripara pahuMcatA hai| anantara samudrake kinAre-kinAre jAkara lavaNa samudrake saTapara pahuMcatA hai| ekatrizattama parvameM AyA hai ki aThAraha ror3a ghor3oM kA adhipati bharata uttarakI ora prasthAna karatA hai aura vijayAddha kI upatyakAmeM pahuMcatA hai| dvAtriMzattamaparvameM vijayArdhake guhA-dvArake udghATanake anantara nAgajAtiko vazameM kiye jAnekA varNana hai / cilAta aura AvataM donoM hI maleccha rAjA nirupAya hokara zaraNameM Ate haiN| __ trayastriMzattama parva meM batAyA hai ki bharatacakravartI digvijaya karaneke pazcAt senA sahita apanI nagarImeM AtA hai / mArgameM aneka deza, nagara aura nadiyoMkA ullaMghana kara kailAsaparvatapara aneka rAjAoMke sAtha RSabhadevakI pUjA karatA hai| 346 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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catustrizattama parva meM cakravartI kailAsase utarakara ayodhyAkI ora bar3hatA hai / yahA~ cakraratna nagarIke bhItara praviSTa nahIM hotA, nimitajJAniyoM dvArA bhAiyoM ko vijita karane kI bAta jhAlakara karata uke pAsa dUta bhejatA hai / bAhubalIko chor3a bhArata ke anya saba bhAI RSabhadevake caraNamUlameM jAkara dIkSita ho jAte haiM / paJcatriMzattamapatra meM bAhubalidvArA bharatakA yuddha nimantraNa svIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai / SaTtriMzattama parva meM bharata aura bAhubalike netra, jala aura mallayuddhakA varNana AyA hai / ukta tInoM yuddhoM meM bAhubaliko vijayI dekhakara bharata kupita ho cakraratnakA upayoga karate haiM, jisase bAhubali virakta ho jinadIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiM / saptatriMzattama parva meM cakravartIke ayodhyA nagarImeM pravezakA varNana AyA hai / aSTatriMzattama parvame bharatadvArA aNuvratiyoMko apane ghara bulAye jAnekA ullekha AtA hai| bharata isa sandarbha meM brAhmaNa varNakI sthApanA karate haiM / ekonacatvAriMzattama aura ekacatvAriMzattama parvo meM kriyAoM aura saMskAroMkA varNana AyA hai / dvicatvAriMzattama padameM rAjanIti aura varNAzramadharmakA upadeza aMkita hai / tricatvAriMzattama aura catuzcatvAriMzattama parvo meM jayakumArakA sulocanAke svayaMvara meM sammilita honA tathA anya rAjAoMke sAtha yuddha karanekA varNana AyA hai / I paJcacatvAriMzattama parva meM jayakumAra aura sulocanAke prema-milanakA citraNa AyA hai / jayakumAra sulocanAko paTarAnI banAtA hai / SaTcatvAriMzattamaparva meM jayakumAra aura sulocanAke apane pUrva bhavakA smaraNakara mUrchita honekA varNana AyA hai / antima saptacatvAriMzattama parva meM pUrvabhavAvalIko carcA karate hue kahA hai ki jayakumAra saMsArase virakta ho jAtA hai aura dIkSita ho RSabhadeva ke samavazaraNa meM gaNavarapada prApta karatA hai / cakravartI bharata dAkSA grahaNa karatA hai, aura use tatkAla kevalajJAnakI prApti hotI hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva antima bihAra karate haiM aura kailAsaparvatapara unheM nirvANaprApti ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra AdipurANa meM RSabhadeva ke dasa pUrvabhavoMkI kathAe~ Ayo hai / donoM zalAkApuruSoMkA vistRta jIvana-paricaya isa purANa meM akita hai| isa granthake 42 varSa (varga) jinasenane likhe haiM aura unako mRtyu ho jAnepara zeSa pA~ca parva unake ziSya guNabhanne likhe haiM / sampUrNa grantha 'mahApurANa' ke nAmase prasiddha hai aura suyogya guru-ziSya ko yaha anupama kRtti mAnI jAtI hai / 3. jayadhavalATokA kaSAyaprAbhUta ke prathama skandhako cAroM vibhaktiyoM para jayadhavalA nAmako zrutaSara aura sArasvatAcArya: 347

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bIsa hajAra zlokapramANa TIkA likhaneke anantara AcArya vIrasenakA svargavAsa ho gayA, ataH unake ziSya jinasenane avaziSTa bhAgapara cAlIsa hajAra zlokapramANa TIkA likhakara use pUrNa kiyaa| yaha TIkA bhI vIrasenasvAmIko zailI (saMskRtamizrita prAkRta bhASA) meM maNi-pravAlanyAyase likhI gayI hai| TIkA isa rUpameM likhI gayI hai ki antaHparIkSaNase bhI yaha nirNaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki guru aura ziSyamase kisane kitanA bhAga racA hai / isIse jinasenAcAryake veSya aura racanAcAturyakA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| inhoMne jayaghaklAko prazastimeM likhA hai ki guruke dvArA bahuvaktavya pUrvAdhake prakAzita kara diye jAnepara, usako dekhakara isa alpavaktavya uttarArdhako pUrA kiyaa| isa TIkAko tIna skandhoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai-1. pradezavirbhAktaparyanta gAramAdha; 2 ma, uda: bAra upayoga visIya skandha evaM 3. zeSa bhAga tRtIya skandha hai| indranandike zrutAvatArake anusAra saMkramake pahalekA vibhaktiparyanta bhAga vIrasenasvAmone racA hai| gaNanA karanepara vibhaktiparyanta anyakA parimANa sAr3he chabbIsa hajAra zloka hai, para yahA~ gaNanA sthUlarUpameM grahaNakara bIsa hajAra pramANa kahA gayA hai / avazeSa TokA jinasenasvAmIkI hai| AcArya vidyAnanda AcArya vidyAnanda aise sArasvata haiM, jinhoMne pramANa aura darzanasambandhI granthoMko racanAkara zrutaparamparAko gatizIla banAyA hai| inake jIvanavRttake sambandhameM prAmANika itivRtta jJAta nahIM hai / 'rAjAvalokaye meM vidyAnandikA ullekha AtA hai aura saMkSipta jIvana-vRtta bhI upalabdha hotA hai, para ve sArasvatAcArya vidyAnanda nahIM haiM, paramparA-poSaka vidyAnandi haiN| jIvana-vRtta - AcArya vidyAnandako racanAoMke avalokanase yaha avagata hotA hai ki ye dakSiNa bhAratake karNATaka prAntake nivAsI the| isI pradezako inakI sAdhanA aura kAryabhami honekA saubhAgya prApta hai| kiMvadantiyoMke AdhArapara yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki inakA janma brAhmaNa parivArameM dayA thaa| isa mAnyatAkI siddhi inake prakhara pAhitya aura mahatI vidvatAse bhI hotI hai / inhoMne kumArAvasthAmeM -... -- . - . 1. paSThiraSa sahasrANi granyAnAM parimANataH / zlokenAnuSTubhenAtra nirdiSTAnyAnapUrvazaH / / vibhaktiH prathamaskanyo dvitIyaH sNkrmodyau| upayogaraca zeSastu tRtIyaH skandha iSyate // jayaghavalA prazasti 9 / 10 / 348 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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ho vaizeSika, nyAya, mImAMsA, vedAnta Adi darzanoMkA adhyayana kara liyA thA / ina Astika darzanoMke atirikta ye diGnAga, dharmakIti aura prajJAkara Adi bauddha dArzanikoM ke mantavyoMse bhI paricita the| zaka saMvat 1320 ke eka abhilekhameM varNita nandisaMghake muniyoMkI nAmAvali meM vidyAnandakA nAma prApta kara yaha anumAna sahajameM lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki inhoMne nandisaMghake kisI AcAryase dokSA grahaNa kI hogii| jaina-vAGmayakA AloDana-viloDana kara inhoMne apUrva pANDitya prApta vinyaa| sAtha hA muni-pada dhAraNakara tapazcaryA dvArA apane caritako bhI nirmala bnaayaa| inake pANDityakI khyAti 10 vI, 11 vIM zatImeM hI ho cukI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki bAdirAjane (I. san 1055) apane 'pArzvanAthacarita' nAmaka kAvyameM inakA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai Rjusatra sphuradralaM vidyAnandasya vismayaH / zRNvatAmapyalaGkAraM dIptiraGgeSu raGgati // Azcarya hai ki vidyAnandake tattvArthazlokavAtika aura aSTasahasrI jaise dIptimAna alaGkAroMko sunanevAloMke bhI aGgoMmeM dIpti A jAtI hai, to unheM dhAraNa karanevAloMkI bAta hI kyA hai ? isa uddharaNase spaSTa hai ki sArasvatAcArya vidyAnandakI kIti I0 san kI 10voM zatAbdimeM ho vyApta ho cukI thii| unake mahanIya vyakitvakA sabhI para prabhAva thA / dakSiNa se uttara taka unakI prakhara nyAyapratibhAse sabhI Azcaryacakita the| samaya vicAra ____ AcArya vidyAnandane apanI kisI bhI kRtimeM samayakA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai / ataH inake samayakA nirNaya inakI racanAoMko viSaya-vastuke AdhArapara hI sambhava hai| vidyAnanda aura inakI kRtiyoMpara pUrvavartI granthakAra gRpicchAcArya, svAmI samantabhadra, zrIdatta, siddhasena, pAtrasvAmI, bhaTTAkalaGka, kumArasena, kumAranandi bhaTTArakakA prabhAva spaSTasayA lakSita hotA hai| ataH vidyAnanda ina AcAryoM ke pazcAtvartI hai| vidyAnandate 'tattvArthazlokavAtikameM zrIdattake jalpa aura vAda sambandhI niyamoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| vAdake do bheda haiM-1. vItarAgavAda aura 2. aabhimaanikvaad| vItarAgavAda tattva-jijJAsuoMmeM hotA hai| ataH 1. jainazilalekha saMgraha, prathama bhAga, lekhAGka 105, 1254) / 2. pAzvanAthacarita, 228 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 349

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1 isake do aMga haiM - bAdI aura prativAdI / AbhimAnikavAda jigISuoMmeM hotA hai aura usake vAdI prativAdI, sabhApati aura prAznika - ye cAra aGga haiM | abhimAnikavAda ke bhI do bheda haiM- (1) tAttvikavAda aura (2) prAtibhavAda | apane isa vAdasambandhI kathana kI puSTi ke lie zrIdattake matakA upasthApana kiyA hai / jalpake bhI tAtvika aura pratibha ye do bheda kiye gaye haiN| isa prakAra vidyAnandane apane se pUrvavartI zrIdatta aura unake 'jalpanirNaya' granthakA ullekha kiyA hai / AcArya jinasena dvitIyane zrIdattakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura jinasenakA samaya I0 san nauvIM zatAbdi hai / ataH zrIdattakA samaya inase pahale honA cAhie / AcArya pUjyapAdane apane jainendra vyAkaraNake "gaNe zrIdattasya striyAM "" sUtra dvArA zrIdattakA ullekha kiyA hai| yadi ye zrIdatta hI prastuta zrIdatta hoM to zrIdattakA samaya pUjyapAdase pUrva arthAt chaThI zatAbdise pUrva AtA hai | ataH isa AdhArase vidyAnandakA samaya chaThIM zatAbdike bAda siddha hotA hai / vidyAnanda ne 'tattvArtharalokavAtika' meM siddhasenake sammatisUtrake tIsare kANDagata "jo heuvApakvammi" Adi 45vIM gAthA udbhuta kI hai / eka dUsarI jagaha "jAbadiyA vajraNavahA tAvadiyA hoMti NayavAyA" Adi tIsare kANDako 47vIM gAthAkA saMskRtarUpAntara diyA hai| ataH vidyAnanda siddhasena ke pazcAduvartI haiM, yaha spaSTa hai / pAtrasvAmI aura bhaTTAkalaGkake uddharaNa aura nAmollekha bhI inake granthoM meM milate haiN| akalaGkakI 'aSTazato' ko to aSTasahasrI meM AtmasAt hI kara liyA gayA hai| ataeva inakA samaya sAtavIM zatAbdike pazcAt honA caahie| akalaGkake uttaravartI kumAranandi bhaTTArakake vAdanyAyakA 'tattvArthazlokavArttika', 'pramANaparIkSA' aura 'patraparIkSA' meM nAmollekha kiyA hai, tathA vAdanyAyase kucha kArikAeM bhI uddhRta kI haiN| ataH vidyAnanda kumAranandi bhaTTArakake uttaravartI haiM / kumAranandi akalaDU aura vidyAnandake madhyameM hue haiM / ataH inakA samaya AThavIM aura nauvIM zatAbdikA madhyabhAga honA cAhie / vidyAnandakA prabhAva mANikyanandi vAdirAja, prabhAcandra, abhayadeva, devasUri Adi AcAryo para hai / mANikyanandikA samaya vikramakI 11 vIM zatI hai aura akalaMkadevakA samaya vikramakI 8 vIM zatI hai| ataeva vidyAnandakA samaya mANikyanandi aura akalaMkakA madhya arthAt 9 vIM zatI honA cAhie / 1. jainendradhyAkaraNa 1 / 4 / 34 / 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika, 3. vahIM, pu0 114 pR0 3 / 350: tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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vidyAnandane apane 'sasvArtha zlokavAttika' aura aSTasahasrI' meM udyotakara, vAkyapadopakAra bhartRhari, vAmArila bhaTTa, prabhAkara, prazastapAda, vyomazivAcArya, dharmakIti, prajJAkara, maNDanamizra aura surezvaramizrake matoMkI samIkSA kI hai| hai| ina dArzanika vidvAnoMkA samaya I0 san 788 ke pahale hI hai / ataH vidyAnandake samayakI pUrvavartI sImA 788 I0 hai aura uttara sImA pArzvanAthacarita aura nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa (prazasti zloka 2i meM vidyAnandakA ullekha rahanese I0 san 1025 hai| ina donoM samaya-sImAoMke bIca hI inakA sthitikAla hai| AcArya vidyAnandane 'prazastapAdabhASya' para likhI gayI cAra TIkAoM meMse vyomazivakI 'vyomavatI' TokAke atirikta anya tIna TokAoMmeMse kisI bho TIkAkI samIkSA nahIM kI hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki zrIdharako nyAyakandalI (I0 san 991) aura udayanakI kiraNAvalI (I0 san 984) ke pUrva vidyAnandakA samaya honA caahie| isa prakAra inakI uttara sImA I0 san 1025 se haTakara I0 san 984 ho jAtI hai| 'aSTasahasrI' ko antima prazastimeM batAyA hai ki kumArasenakI yuktiyoMke vardhanArtha hI yaha racanA likhI jA rahI hai / yathA vIrasenAkhyamokSage cAraguNAnadhyaratnasindhugirisatatam / sAratarAtmadhyAnage mAramadAmbhodapavanagirigahvarAyitu // kaSTasahasrI siddhA sASTasahasrIyamatra me puSyAt / zazvadabhISTasahasrI kumArasenoktivardhamAnArthA / / (nA) isase dhvanita hotA hai ki kumArasenane AptamImAMpara koI vivRti yA vivaraNa likhA hogA, jisakA spaSTIkaraNa vidyAnandane kiyA hai| nizcayata: kumArasena inake pUrvavartI haiN| kumArasenakA samaya I0 san 783 ke pUrva mAnA gayA hai| jinasena prathamane apane harivaMzapurANameM kumArasenakA ullekha kiyA hai _ 'AkUpAra yazo loke prabhAcandrodayojjavalam / guroH kumArasenasya vicarasyajitAtmakam // aura jinasenane apane harivaMzapurANakI racanA I0 san 783meM kI hai| yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki jinasena prathamane kUmArasenakA to smaraNa kiyA hai, para vidyAnandakA nhiiN| ataH isase siddha hotA hai ki harivaMzapurANako 1. aSTasahasrI, nirNayasAra presa, bambaI, san 1915, antima prazasti pR0 295 / 1. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, 1138 pu0 5 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 351

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racanAke samaya taka vidyAnandako aisI khyAti prApta nahIM huI thI, jisase pugaNakAra unakA smaraNa karatA / katipaya nihA noMkA abhiyAna hai ki vidyAnandakA kAryakSetra dakSiNameM gaMgavaMzakA gaMgavAr3o pradeza hai aura vidyAnandakI sthiti gaMganareza zivamAra dvitIya tathA rAmamalla satyavAkya prathama (I0 san 810-816)ke samayamai rahI hai| vidyAnandane prAyaH apanI samasta kRtiyoMko racanA gaMganarezoMke rAjyakAlameM' kI hai / ataH sambhava hai ki punnATavaMzo jinasenane inakA smaraNa na kiyA ho / jainanyAyake udbhaTa vidvAn DaoN. paM0 darabArIlAla koThiyAne vidyAnandake jIvana aura samaya para vizeSa vicAra kiyA hai| unhoMne niSkarSa nikAlate hae listrA hai "vidyAnanda gaGganareza zivamAra dvitIya (I0 san 810) aura rAcalla satya. vAkya prathama (I0 san 816) ke samakAlIna haiN| aura inhoMne apanI kRtiyA~ prAyaH inhIMke rAjya-samayameM banAI haiM, vidyAnandamahodaya aura tattvArthazlokavAttikako zivamAra dvitIyake aura AptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA tathA yuktyanuzAsanAlakRti ye tIna kRtiyA~ rAcamalla satyavAkya prathama I0 816-830) ke rAjyakAlameM banI jAna par3atI haiN| aSTasahastrI, zlokavAttikake bAdakI aura AptaparIkSA Adike pUrvakI-racanA hai-karIba I0810-815 meM racI gayI pratIta hotI hai tathA patraparIkSA, zrIpurapAzvanAthastotra aura satyazAsanaparIkSA ye tIna racanAeM I0 san 830-840 meM racI jJAta hotI haiN| isase bhI AcArya vidyAnandakA samaya I0 san 775-840 I0 pramANita hotA hai / "2 DaoN0 koThiyA dvArA nirdhArita samaya mI uparyukta samayake samakakSa hai| ataeva AcArya vidyAnandakA samaya I0 san kI navama zatI hai / racanAe~ AcArya vidyAnandakI racanAoMko do vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai-1. svatantra grantha aura 2. TIkA grantha / svatantra granya inako svatantra racanAeM nimnalikhita haiM1. AptaparIkSA svopajJavRttisahita 1. zrIpurapArzvanAthastotra, vIra sevA mandira sarasAvA, san 1949 I0, prastAvanA, pR0 12 / 2. AptaparIkSA, vIrasebAmandira saMskaraNa; san 1949, 10 53 / 352 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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2. pramANaparIkSA 3. patraparIkSA 4. satyazAsanaparIkSA 5. zrIpurapArzvanAthastotra 6. vidyAnandamahodaya TIkAgrampa 1. asalI 2. tattvArthazlokavArtika 3. yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkAra 1. Apta-parIkSA' svopajJavRttisahita isa grantha meM 124 kArikAe~, svopajJa vRtti sahita nibaddha haiN| isa granthameM parameSThI guNastotra kI AvazyakatA pratipAdita karaneke pazcAt para apara niHzreyas kA svarUpa, bandha aura bandhakAraNoMkI siddhi, unake abhAvakI siddhi, sahetuka nirjarAkI siddhi parameSThIgata prasAdakA lakSaNa, maMgalakI niryukti aura artha, zAstrArambhameM parameSThIguNastotrakI AvazyakatA evaM parAbhimata Aptoke nirAkaraNakI sArthakatA batalAyI gayI hai| Izvara-parIkSA prakaraNa meM Izvara ke mokSamArgopadezakI asambhavatA, vaizeSikAbhimata SaTpadArtha samIkSA, dravyalakSaNa ke yogase eka dravyapadArtha kI asiddhi, dravya - lakSaNatvake yogase do dravyalakSaNoM meM ekatAko asiddhi dravyatvake yogase eka dravyapadArtha kI asiddhi, guNatvAdike yogase eka-eka guNAdi padArthoMkI asiddhi, 'idam pratyaya' sAmAnyase bhI dravyAdi padArthoM kI asiddhi saMgrahase bhI dravyAdi padArtho kI asiddhi, dravyatvAbhisambandhase eka dravyapadArtha mAnanekA nirAsa, guNatvAdi abhisambandhase eka-eka guNAdipadArtha mAnanekA nirAsa, pRthvItvAdi abhisambandhase eka-eka pRthvI Adi dravya mAnane kA nirAsa, saMgrahake tIna bheda aura unakI samIkSA, Izvarake jagat kartRtvako samAlocanA, Izvara ke nitya jJAna mAnane meM doSa-pradarzana, Izvarake anityajJAnakI momAMsA, avyApaka jJAnameM doSa, Izvarake nitya vyApaka jJAna meM doSa, samavAyakA svarUpa aura samokSA, saMyoga aura samavAyakI vyarthatA, sattA aura samavAyake ekatvakA khaNDana, sattAko 1. DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA dvArA sampAdita aura vIrasevA mandira dvArA prakAzita, 1949 / 23 zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 353

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svatantra padArtha na mAnanemeM doSa evaM Izvara-parIkSAkA upasaMhAra Adi viSaya varNita haiN| kapila-parIkSAke antargata kapilake mokSamArgopadezakatvakA nirAsa, pradhAnake muktAmuktatvako kalpanA aura usakI samIkSA evaM pradhAnake mokSamArgopadezakatvakA samAlocana AyA hai| sugata-parIkSAmeM sugatake AptatvakA parIkSaNa kiyA gayA hai / isa prakaraNa meM sagatake mokSamArgopadezakatvakA nirAkaraNa, sautrAntikoMke matako samIkSA, yogAcAra--saMvedanAdvaita aura citrAdvaitakA samAlocana vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| paramapuruSa-parIkSAke antargata brahmAdvaita-pratibhAsasAmAnya-advaitako samIkSA AyI hai| ___ ahaMtsarvasiddhi-prakaraNameM prameyatvahetuse sAmAnyasarvajJakI siddhi kI gayI hai| sarvajJAbhAvavAdI bhaTTake matako upasthitakara usake matakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| bAyakAsAtuse mAlo gari kilA hai aura puSTike lie pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, arthApatti, Agama aura abhAva pramANake dvArA sarvajJake bAdhakatvakA nirAsa kiyA gayA hai| ____ arhata-karmabhUbhRtabhetRtva-siddhiprasaGgameM saJcita aura AgAmI karmoMke nirodhakA kAraNa saMvara aura nirjarAko siddha kiyA hai| isa sandarbhameM naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura sAMkhya dvArA abhimata karmake svarUpakA vivecana kara usakI paudgalikatA siddha kI gayI hai| ___ arhantako mokSamArgakA netA siddha karate hue mokSa, AtmA, saMvara, nirjarA Adike svarUpa aura bhedoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| nAstika matakA prativAda kara mokSamArgakA svarUpa aura usake praNetAko sarvajJa siddha kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha nimnalikhita prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai.-- 1. parameSThIguNastotra 2. parameSThoguNastotrakA prayojana 3. IzvaraparIkSA 4, kapilaparIkSA 5. sugataparIkSA 6. paramapuruSaparIkSA yA brahmAttiparIkSA 7. arhatsarvajJasiddhi 354 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AnAya-paramparA

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8. ahaMtkarmabhUbhRbhetRtvasiddhi 9. arhanmokSamArganetRtvasiddhi 10. ahaMdvandyatvasiddhi 2. pramANaparIkSA' pramANaparIkSAmeM pramANakA svarUpa, prAmANyakI utpatti evaM jJapti, pramANako saMkhyA, viSaya evaM usake phala para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| bhArambhameM 'samyagjJAnaM pramANaM prmaanntvaanythaanupptteH| sannikarSAdirajJAnamapi pramANaM svArthapramitI sAdhakatamatvAt, iti nAzaMkanIyaM, ga. pramito gaamkaammaajvaa"| arthAt samyagjJAna pramANa hai, kyoMki pramANatvakI upapatti anyathA nahIM ho sktii| sannikarSAdi ajJAnamaya honeke kAraNa pramANa nahIM haiM, aura na ve arthakriyAke prati sAdhakatama hI haiM, jo svapramitike prati sAdhakatama hotA hai, vahI pramANa ho sakatA hai, anya nhiiN| isa prakAra jJAnako pramANa siddha kara sannikarSa, indriya AdikA khaNDana kiyA hai| pramANake prasaMgameM tAdpya, tadutpatti aura tadAkAratAkA bhI nirasana kiyA gayA hai / vidyAnandane apane samAlocanako puSTa banAneke hetu 'uktaJca' kahakara anya vyaktiyoMkI kArikAeM bhI uddhRta kI haiM / ___isa sandarbha meM savikalpaka aura nirvikalpaka jJAnako prAmANatAkA bho vicAra kiyA gayA hai| saugata abhyAsa, prakaraNa, buddhipATava Adike kAraNa nirvikalpakako pramANa mAnatA hai / vidyAnandane isa sandarbhameM saugatamatako sundara samIkSA kI hai aura svalakSaNakA bhI nirasana kiyA hai 1 kSaNikavAdI bauddha sthalapadArthoMkA astitva svIkAra na kara svalakSaNa paramANu padArthako hI jJAnakA viSaya mAnatA hai / brahmAdvaitavAda aura svalakSaNavAdako samIkSA kara svapnajJAnakI prAmANikatAkA bhI nirasana kiyA hai| 'neka svasmAtprajAyate' ko uddhata karate hue jJAnake jJAnAntaravedyatvakA khaNDana kiyA hai| ___ kapilamata-samIkSA aura tatvopaplavAdakA vicAra-vimarza karate hue anumAna aura Agama pramANako siddhi kI mayI hai / yahA~ upamAna aura arthApattikA pratyabhijJAna aura anumAna meM antarbhAva dikhalAyA gayA hai / 'prameyavaividhyAta pramANavavidhyam' kI samIkSA karate hue svArthAnumAna aura parArthAnumAnako siddhi kI gayI hai| pratyakSake sAMvyavahArika aura anindriya pratyakSakA nirUpaNa karate hae avagraha - - - - 1. rAnAtana jaina granthamAlAmeM prAptamImAMsAke sAtha prakAzita tathA DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA dvArA sampAdita evaM vIra sevAmandira TrasTa dvArA prakAzita, 1973 / 2. pramANaparIkSA, sanAtana jaina granthamAlA saMskaraNa, pu0 51 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 355

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IhA, avAya aura dhAraNAkA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| "sAdhanAt sAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam" kA vicAra karate hue vyApti, sAdhya-sAdhanakA svarUpa nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA hai| hetuke rUpya aura pA~carUpyakI samIkSA karate hue anyathAnupapannatvako hI hetukA nirdoSa svarUpa batAyA hai| pAtrakesarIke trilakSaNakadarthanakA uddharaNa dete hue likhA hai.-- anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kiM / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kiM / / isIke anukaraNapara vidyAnandane pAMcarUpyake khaNDanake lie nimna kArikA racI hai anyathAnupapannatvaM rUpaiH ki paMcabhiH kRtaM / / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM rUpaiH kiM paMcabhiH kRtaM' / / padArthake svarUpakA vivecana karate hue utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvyayukta padArthako sthiti svIkAra kI hai| pramANake phalakA vivecana karate hue use pramANase kaJcit bhinna aura kaJcit abhinna batAyA hai / antameM granthakA sAra aura usakA upayoga batAte hue likhA hai iti pramANasya parIkSya lakSaNaM vizeSasaMkhyAviSayaM phalaM tataH / prabudhya tattvaM dRDhazuddhadRSTayaH prayAntu vidyAphalamiSTamuccakaiH / / 3. patraparIkSA isa laghukAya granthameM vibhina darzanoMko apekSA 'patra' ke lakSaNoMko uddhRta kara jena dRSTikoNase 'patra' kA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai tathA pratikSA aura hetu ina do avayavoMko ho anumAnakA aMga batAyA hai| pratipAdyAzayAnurodhase dazAvayavoMkA bhI samarthana kiyA hai| para ye daza avayava nyAyadarzanaprasiddha dazAvayavoMse bhinna haiN| patrakA lakSaNa batAte hue likhA hai-"punaH prasiddhAvayavatvAdivizeSaNaviziSTa vAkyaM patraM nAma, tasya zrutipathasamadhigamyapadasamudAyavizeSarUpatvAt, patrasya tadviparItAkArasvAt / na ca yadyato'nyattattana vypdishyte'tiprsNgaat| nIlAdayopi hi kaMbalAdibhyo'nye nAte nIlAdivyapadezahetavaH, teSAM tadvyapadezahetutayA pratIyamAnatvAt, kirITAdInAM puruSe tadvyapadezahetutvavat, tadyogAttatra matva1, pramANaparIkSA, sanAtana granthamAlA saMskaraNa, pR072| 2. vahI, pR0 80 / 3, AptaparIkSAke sAtha sanAtana jaina pratyamAlA dvArA san 1913 meM prakAzita / 356 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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dhIyavidhAnAt / naulAdayaH saMti yeSAM te nIlAdayaH kaMbalADhya iti guNavacanebhyo matvAvasthAbhAvaprasiriti para, upacAratopacArAditi kamaH / " isa prakAra patrakA lakSaNa likhakara anya matamatAntaroMkI vistArapUrvaka samIkSA kI gayI hai| vAda-vivAdake lie pratijJA aura hetu ina do avayavoMko hI anumAnake avayava mAne gaye haiN| naiyAyika, vaizeSika, mImAMsaka, kapila, sugata Adike matoMkI samIkSA karate hue sphoTavAdakA bhI nirasana kiyA hai| bIca-bIca meM prAcIna AcAryoke zlokoMko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra isa laghukAya granthameM vAda-viSayaka carcAkA samAveza kiyA hai / 4. satyazAsanaparIkSA satyazAsanaparokSAko mahattAke sambandhameM paMDita mahendrakumArajo nyAyAcAryane likhA hai-"tagranthoMke abhyAsI vidyAnandake atula pANDitya, talasparzI vivecana, sUkSmatA tathA gaharAIke sAtha kiye jAnevAle padArthoke spaSTIkaraNa evaM prasanna bhASAmeM gUMthe gaye yuktijAlase paricita hoNge| unake pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA aura AptaparIkSA prakaraNa apane-apane viSayake bejor3a nibandha haiN| ye hI nibandha tathA vidyAnandake anya grantha Age bane hue samasta digambara, zve. tAmbara nyAyagranthoke AdhArabhUta haiM / inake hI vicAra tathA zabda uttarakAlona digambara, zvetAmbara nyAyagranthoMpara apanI amiTa chApa lagAye hue haiN| yadi jaina nyAyake koSAgArase vidyAnandake granthoMko alaga kara diyA jAya, to vaha ekadama niSprabha-sA ho jAyagA | unako yaha satyazAsanaparIkSA aisA eka tejomaya ratna haiM, jisase jaina nyAyakA AkAza damadamA uThegA / yadyapi isameM Aye hue padArtha phuTakara rUpase unake aSTasahasrI Adi granthoM meM khoje jA sakate haiM, para itanA sundara aura vyavasthita tathA aneka naye prameyoMkA surucipUrNa saMkalana, jise svayaM vidyAnandane hI kiyA hai, anyatra milanA asambhava hai|" isa pranthameM nimnalikhita zAsanoMko parIkSA kI gayI hai1. purussaadvait-shaasn-prokssaa| 2. zabdAdvaita-zAsana parIkSA | 3. vijnyaanaadvtt-shaasn-priikssaa| 4. citraadvet-shaasn-priikssaa| 1. bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAtrI dvArADA gokulacandra jainake sampAyakatvameM san 1964 I0 meM prakAzita / 2. anekAnta, varSa 6, kiraNa 11 // yutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 357

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5. cAka-zAsana-parIkSA / 6. bauddh-shaasn-priikssaa| 7. sezvarasAMkhya zAsana-parIkSA / 8. nirIzvarasAMkhya-zAsana-parIkSA / 9. naiyAyika-zAsana-parIkSA / 10. vaishessik-shaasn-priikssaa| 11. maatttt-shaasn-priikssaa| 12. prbhaakr-shaasn-priikssaa| 13. tattvopaplava-zAsana-parIkSA ! 14. anekAnta-zAsana-parIkSA / uparyukta zAsanoMko do zreNiyoMmeM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai--(1) asavAdI yA abhedavAdo aura (2)dvatavAdA yA bhedvaadoN| advaitavAdA siddhAntoMmeM eka tatvako pramukhatA hai aura sasArake samasta padArtha usa tattva ke hI rUpAntara haiN| dvaitavAdo ve sampradAya haiM jo eka se adhika tatva mAnate haiM / naiyAyika, vaizeSika cArvAka aura buddha Adi darzana ekAdhika tatvoMko mahattva deneke kAraNa dvaitavAdI kahe jAte haiN| puruSAdvaitakI parIkSA karane samaya anumAna dvArA pUrvapakSa sthApita kiyA hai-brahmaeka hai, advitIya hai, akhaNDa jJAnAnandamaya hai, sampUrNa avasthAoMko vyApta karanevAlA hai, pratibhAsamAtra honese / yataH eka hI brahma aneka padAthoM meM jalama candramAkI taraha bhinna-bhinna prakArase dikhalAI detA hai, isI prakAra pRthvI Adi brahmAvivarta haiM, bhinna tattva nhiiN| ataeva carAcara saMsArako utpatti brahmase hotA hai| isa prakAra pUrvapathako sthApanA kara utsarameM batAyA hai ki brahmAdveta pratyakSaviruddha hai| pratyakSase bAhya artha parasparabhinna aura satya dikhalAyo par3ate haiM, ataeva brahmAdvaita nahIM bana sktaa| isa taraha pratibhAsamAnahetumeM aneka doSoMkA udbhAvana kara puruSAdvaitakI samIkSA kI gayI hai| __ zabdAdvaMtameM bhI brahmAdvaitake samAna doSa Ate haiM / vijJAnAdvaitakI parIkSAke prasaMgameM pUrvapathako siddhike lie anumAna upasthita karate hue likhA hai ki sampUrNa grAhya-grAhakAkAra jJAna bhrAnta hai| jisa prakAra svapna aura indramAla Adi jJAna prAnsa hote haiM, usI prakAra grAhya-grAhakAkAra Adi pratyakSa bhI bhrAnta haiN| bhrAnta pratyakSa Adike dvArA jAne gaye bAhya artha vAstavika nahIM haiM, anyathA svapnapratyakSako bhI vAstavika mAnanA hogaa| isa taraha bAhya artha asambhava hai, svasaMvitti hI khaNDazaH pratibhAsita hotI huI samasta vedya-vedaka 358 : tIrthaMkara mahAbIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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vyavahArako karatI hai| ataH pRthvI, jala, agni Adi padArtha jJAnase bhinna nahIM haiN| uttara pakSameM pUrvavat asiddha, viruddha Adi doSoMkI udbhAvanA kI gayI hai| anumAnasa saMvittikA baMdha-vedakabhAra bhAgane para bAhya artha bhI usIse vedya. vedakabhAva mAna lenA cAhie, kyoMki donoMmeM koI asara nahIM hai| "santi bahirarthAH sAdhanadUSaNaprayogAt" dvArA bAhya padArtha siddha kiye gaye haiN| isI prakAra citrAtakI parIkSA bhI kI hai| cArvAka, bauddhazAsana, sAMkhyaparIkSA, vaizeSikazAsanaparIkSA, naiyAyikazAsanaparIkSA, mImAMsakaparIkSA aura bhATTa-prabhAkarazAsanaparIkSA bhI tarkapUrvaka likhI gayI hai| isa grantha para tattvArthasatrakA prabhAva bhI dikhalAyI par3atA hai / vidyAnandane apanese pUrvavartI AcAryoMkA prabhAva grahaNa kiyA hai / bIca-bIcameM aneka granthoMke uddharaNa bhI Aye haiN| 5. vidyAnandamahodaya ___AcArya vidyAnandakI yaha sabase pahalI racanA hai| isake pazcAt ho unhoMne tattvArthazlokavAttika aura aSTasahasrI Adi mahattvapUrNa granyoMkI racanA kI hai| yaha grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM haiM, para usakA nAmollekha zlokavAttika Adi granthoM meM milatA hai| devasUrine to apane syAdvAdaratnAkarameM isakI eka paMkti bhI uddhRta kI hai-"mahodaye ca 'kAlAntarAvismaraNakAraNaM hi dhAraNAbhidhAnaM jJAnaM saMskAraH pratIyate' iti vadana (vidyAnandaH) sNskaardhaarnnyorNkaarymcktht"| isa granthakA nAma vidyAnandamahodaya aura saMkSipta mahodaya hai| 6. zrIpura-pArSanAtha stotra zrIpura yA antarikSake pAzvanAthako stutimeM tIsa padya likhe gaye haiN| isa stotrameM darzana aura kAvyakA gaMgA-yamunI saMgama hai / rUpaka alaMkArako yojanA karate hue ArAdhyakI bhaktiko prazaMsA kI gayI hai / kavi kahatA hai zaraNyaM nAthA'haMn bhava bhava bhavAraNya-vigaticyutAnAmasmAkaM niravakara-kAruNya-nilaya / yatogaNyAtpuNyAccirataramapekSyaM tava padama pariprAptA bhaktyA vayamacala-lakSmIgRhamidam // 1. syAdvAdaratnAkara, pu. 349 / 2. zrIpurapArzvanAtha-stotra, padya 29, vIrasevAmandira-saMskaraNa / zutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 351

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he nAtha ! arhan ! Apa saMsArake lie zaraNa haiM! Apa hameM apanA Azraya pradAna kara saMsAra paribhramaNa se muka kareM; yataH Apa pUrNatayA karuNAnidhAna hai| hama cirakAlase Apake padoM - caraNoMkI apekSA kara rahe haiM / Aja bar3e puNyodayase mokSalakSmI ke sthAnabhUta Apake caraNoMkI bhakti prApta huI / isa padya meM bhavAraNya, kAruNyanilaya aura lakSmIgRha padoMmeM rUpaka hai / kavine bhakti kI niSThA dikhalAte hue anya dArzanikoM dvArA abhimata AptakA nirasana kiyA hai| bhASAkA pravAha aura zailIkI udAttatA sahRdaya pAThakake manako sahaja hI apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai / 1 tvadanye'dhyakSAdi pratihata vaco yukti viSayA viluptAbhA loka vyapalapana sambandha manasaH | bhajante nA''ptatvaM tadiha viditA caJcana - kRtiH visaMvAdasteSAM prabhavati tadarthAparigateH // icchA vA niyatetarA na labhate sambandhamozena tat karmaprAbhavataH sukhAdivibhavaH paryAptametena hi / mettA karmamahIbhRtAM sakalavijJAnAdisiddhastato yatkAraNAd-hatAdApAdagaditaM tatsyAtkathaM zreyase // - P - - prathama padya meM ApakI samIkSA karate hue kapilAdikako anApta batAyA gayA hai, kyoMki ve pratyakSAdiviruddha arthakA pratipAdana karanevAle haiM / prAmANikatA rUpa saccI jyotise zUnya haiM aura logoMko gumarAha karanevAle haiN| cU~ki lokameM unakI vaJcanA prasiddha hai tathA padArthoMkA yathArtha jJAna na honese unake visamvAda bhI spaSTa hai, ataeva ve AsatAko prApta nahIM hote / dvitIya padya meM naiyAyika aura vaizeSikoM dvArA abhimata IzvarecchAko jagatake kAraNakA khaNDana kiyA hai | saMsArake samasta padArthoMkA nirmANa Izvarako icchAse sambhava nahIM hai | yaha icchA niyata - nitya hai athavA aniyata - anitya / yadi nitya hai, to eka svabhAva Izvara kI taraha, vaha bhI eka svabhAvavAlI ho jAyagI aura saMsAra ke sabhI kArya eka samAna hone lageMge / yadi anitya hai, to saMsArake kArya ho utpanna nahIM ho pAyeMge / ataeva sukha-duHkhAdi IzvarecchAjanya nahIM, apitu karmajanya haiM / koI bhI paramAtmA anAdisiddha sarvajJa nahIM hotA 1 vaha karma I 1 1. zrIpura-pArzvanAtha stotra, padya 16 / 2. vahI padya 20 / P 360 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI bAcArya-paramparA

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samUhako nAza karake hI sarvajJapada prApta karatA hai / aisI avasthAmeM naiyAyika aura vaizeSikoM dvArA, jo anAdisiddha sarvajJa mAnA gayA hai, usase jagat-kartRtva siddha nahIM ho sktaa| isa stotrameM sarvasiddhi,anekAntasiddhi, bhAvAbhavAtmaka vastunirUpaNa, saptabhaMgInaya, sunaya, nikSepa, jIvAdipadArtha, mokSamArga, vedakI apauruSeyatAkA nirAkaraNa, Izvarake jagatkartRtvakA khaNDana, sarvathA kSaNikatva aura nityatva momAMsA, kapilAbhimata paccIsa tattva samIkSA, brahmAdvata-mImAMsA, cArvAka-samIkSA Adi dArzanika viSayoMkA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAthako rAga-dveSakA vijetA siddha karate hue, unako divyavANIkA jayaghoSa kiyA hai vidadhatizavaH mitta-si-munimAya-mamamamA namisa-sura-ravi-bhuvana-paraguru-tIrthakRttva-sanAmayat / udaya-patha-gata - tadanu - visRtirazeSa-tattva-vibhAsinI jayati jina jina vijita-manasija bhAratI tava bhaasuraa|| isa prakAra vidyAnandane isa dArzanika granthameM bhI kAvyatvakA nirvAha kiyA hai| 7. tasvArthazlokavArtikara ___TokAgranthoMmeM sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa tattvArthazlokavAttika hai| yaha grantha AcArya gRpicchake suprasiddha tattvArthasUtrapara kumArilake mImAMsAzlokavArtika aura dharmakItike pramANavAtikakI taraha padyAtmaka zailImeM likhA gayA hai| sAtha hI padyavAtikoM para unhoMne svayaM bhASya athavA gadyameM vyAkhyAna bhI likhA hai / yaha jenadarzanake pramANabhUta granthoM meM prathamakoTikA grantha hai / vidyAnandane isakI racanA karake kumArila, dharmakIti jaise prasiddha tAkikoMke jainadarzana para kiye gaye mAkSepoMkA uttara diyA hai | isa granthako samatA karanevAlA jainadarzanamaiM to kyA anya kisI bhI darzana meM eka bhI grantha nahIM hai / isa granthameM Agamake mUla AptakI siddhi kara parAbhimata AptakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| viSayakA vargIkaraNa tattvArthasUtrake samAna hI daza adhyAyoMmeM hai| cArvAka AtmAkA astitva na mAnakara bhUtacatuSTayakA astitva svIkAra karatA hai / ata: vidyAnandane cArvAkakA khaNDana kara Atmatattvako siddhi kI hai| yataH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrako utpattikA sthAna AtmA hI 1. zrIpuravA0 paca 27 / 2. tattvArthazlokavAtika, sampAdaka paMDita manoharalAla zAstrI, prakAzaka gAMdhI nAthA raMga jaina granthamAlA, posTa mANDavI bambaI, san 1918 / bhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 361

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hai / AtmA sadbhAvameM hI mokSa aura mokSake kAraNIbhUta tatvoMkI siddhi sambhava hai / prathama adhyAyameM mokSamArga ke nirUpaNake sAtha-sAtha matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAnakA vistArapUrvaka nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / batAyA hai jJAnameva sthirIbhUtaM samAdhiriti cenmatam / tasya pradhAnadharmatve nivRttistatkSayAdyadi / tadA sopi kuto jJAnAduktadoSAnuSaMgataH samAdhyaMtaratazcenna tulya paryanuyogataH ' / / spaSTa hai ki AcArya vidyAnandane tattvArtha sUtra ke prameyoMkA atyanta sUkSma aura vistRta varNana isa granthameM kiyA hai| prathama sUtra ke vArtikoMmeM mokSopAyake sambandhameM atyanta viSnA sAtha vicAra kiyA hai| jIvakA atima dhyeya mokSa hai / bandhanabaddha AtmAko mukti ke atirikta aura kyA cAhie ? ataH mukti sAdhanabhUta ratnatraya mArgakA sundara aura gahana vivecana kiyA hai / anantara samyagdarzanakA svarUpa, bheda, adhigamopAya tatvoMkA svarUpa aura bheda, evaM sat-saMkhyA kSetrAdi tattvajJAnake sAdhanoM para paryApta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| pazcAt samyagjJAnakA svarUpa, samyagjJAnake bheda, matijJAna aura zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaH paryAyajJAna aura kevalajJAnake viSaya, kSetra, svAmI AdikA nirdeza kiyA hai / isa sandarbha meM sarvajJasiddhikA bhI prakaraNa AyA hai, jisameM mImAMsaka dvArA uThAI gayI zaMkAoMkA samAdhAna bhI kiyA hai / 1 jJAna bAhya arthoM ko kisa prakAra viSaya karatA hai, isa AzaMkAkA uttara dete hue AcArya vidyAnandane likhA hai zrutenArthaM paricchidya varttamAno na bAdhyate / akSajenaiva tattasya bAhyArthAlaMbanA sthitiH // sAmAnyameva zrutaM prakAzayati vizeSameva parasparanirapekSa mubhayameveti vAzaMkAmapAkaroti / anekAntAtmakaM vastu saMprakAzayati zrutaM / sabodhatvAdyayAkSotyabodha ityupapattimat // nayena vyabhicArazcetra tasya guNabhAvataH / svagocarAdharmAdharmmArthaprakAzanAt // 1. tasvArtha zlokavArtika, prathama adhyAya, zloka 51-52, pR0 17 / 362 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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paraprabhAvataH zrutasyAvastuve thirake saMvRtezced vRthaiveSA paramArthasya nizciteH // namu svata eva paramArthavyavasthiteH kutazcidavidyAprakSayAna punaH zrutavika lpAt / taduktaM "zAstreSu prakriyA bhede ra vidyeyopavaNyate / anAgamavikalpA hi svayaM vidyopavattaMta" iti tadayuktaM pareSTatatvasyApratyakSa viSayatvAttadviparItasyAnekAntAtmano vastunaH sargadA parasyApyavabhAsanAt / liGgasya tvasyAGgIkaraNIyatvAt / 1 arthAt zrutajJAna dvArA arthakI paricchiti kara pravRtti karanevAlA arthapuruSa kriyA karanemeM usI prakAra bAdhA nahIM prApta karatA hai, jisa prakAra indriyajanya matijJAna dvArA arthako avagraha kara pravRtti karane vAlA puruSa bAdhAko prApta nahIM karatA hai| zrutajJAna sAmAnyakA prakAzana karatA hai, vizeSakA prakAzana karatA hai yA nirapekSa donoMkA prakAzana karatA hai ? isa zaMkAkA uttara dete hue AcArya vidyAnanda ne batAyA hai -- sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka anekAntarUpa vastuko zrutajJAna avagata karatA hai / jisa prakAra indriyoMse utpanna huA sAMvyavahArika pratyakSajJAna anekAntAtmaka arthakA prakAzana karatA hai, usI prakAra zrutajJAna sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastuko prakAzita karane meM samartha rahatA hai / ataH "anekAntAtmakaM vastu zrutaM prakAzayati saddbodhatvAt " yaha anumAna samIcIna hai| isakA nayake sAtha bhI doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki nayajJAna mukhyarUpase eka dharmako jAnatA hai, para gauNarUpa se vastu ke anya dharmo kA bhI vaha jJAtA hai / ataH zrutajJAnakA nayajJAnake sAtha doSa nahIM AtA / yadi zrutajJAnako vastubhUta padArthakA jJApaka nahIM mAnA jAya to prativAdI yA ziSyoM ko svakIya tatvoMkA jJAna kisa prakAra karAyA jA sakegA / ataeva zrutajJAna dvArA jJAta vastu pramANabhUta hai| isa prakAra vidyAnandane tattvArthazlokavArtikameM prameyoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| 8. aSTasahastrI jena nyAyakA yaha atyanta mahanIya grantha hai / isa eka granyake adhyayana kara lenepara anya grantha par3hanekI AvazyakatA nahIM / vidyAnandane svayaM hI yahaprakaTa kiyA hai 1. tatvArthazlokavArtika, gAMdhI nAthAraMga jaina granthamAlA prathama adhyAya, sUtra 26 zloka 15-18 tathA gadyAMza, pR0 249 zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 363

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zrotavyATasahasrI zrutaiH kimanyaiH sahasrasaMkhyAnaiH / vijJAyeta yayaiva hi svasamaya-parasamayasadbhAvaH / / ' arthAt hajAra zAstroMko sunanese kyA, kevala aSTasahasroko suna lenese, svasiddhAnta aura parasiddhAntoMkA jJAna ho jAyagA / yaha samantabhadraviracita AptamImAMsA aparanAma devAgamastotrapara likhA gayA vistRta evaM mahattvapUrNa bhASya hai| vidyAnandane bar3I ho kuzalatAke sAtha aphalaMkadeva dvArA racita aSTazatoko aSTasahasrImeM antaHpraviSTa kara liyA hai| yaha nyAyako prAJjala bhASAmeM racA gayA durUha aura jaTila grantha hai / svayaM vidyAnandane ise kaSTasahasro kahA hai / unhoMne likhA hai 'kaSTasahasro siddhA sASTasahasrIyamatra meM puSyAt'2 isa granthameM ekAdaza niyoga, vidhi aura bhAvanAvAda aura unakA nirasana, cArvAkamata, tatvopAlavavAda, saMvedanAdvaita, cinAdeta, brahmAdvata, sarvajJAbhAva, anumAnadvArA sarvasiddhi, mahadasavaMtasiddhi Adi aneka viSayoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| yaha gandha daza parivAne bama hai| prathamapariccheda sabase bar3A hai aura AdhA grantha isI meM samApta hai / prathamaparicchedameM anumAna dvArA sarvazako siddhike pazcAt mAva, abhAva, bhAvAbhavarUpa, tasvakA nirAkaraNa kara anekAntAtmaka vastuko siddhi kI gayI hai| isa sandarbhameM bhAvApahnavavAdI bauddha aura atyantA bhAvaprAgabhAva aura pradhvaMsAbhAva asvIkAra karanevAle sAMkhya matameM dUSaNa diyA gayA hai| vastutaH isa adhyAyameM naiyAyika, sAMkhya, vedAnta, bauddha, mImAMsaka Adi darzanoMkA vastutasvake sambandha meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya paricchedameM dvaita, advaita, dvaitAdvaita AdikA vicAra kiyA hai| tRtIyaparicchedameM kSaNikavAdameM doSoMkA pratipAdana kara kAryakariNAdi samanvita kathaJcitkSaNika vastuko siddhi ko gayI hai| prAgbhAvako sarvathA abhAva na mAnakara kazcita sadbhAvarUpa siddha kiyA gayA hai / vaizeSika aura neyAyikAbhimata avayava-avayavI kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / caturtha meM vaizeSikAbhimata bhedekAntakA khaNDana kara kathaMcit meMdAbhedAtmaka vastuko siddhi kI hai / paMcama pariccheda meM bauddhako apekSAse sarvathA anApekSika vastukA nirasana kiyA hai / SaSTha paricchedameM bastukI siddhike lie pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama ina tInoM pramANoMkI siddhi kI gayI hai| veda1. maSTasahasrI, pR0 157 // 2. aSTasahalI, antima prazasti, pR0 295 / 364 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura canako AcArya-paramparA

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pramANyavAdako samIkSA bhI vistArapUrvaka isI paricchedameM pratipAdita hai / saptama paricchedameM bauddhAbhimata jJAnekAntakA nirasana kiyA gayA hai / upeya aura upAya tattvakI carcA bhI isI pariccheda meM AyI hai / aSTama pariccheda meM devapuruSArthavAdakI samIkSA hai| navamameM puNya-pApakI samIkSA kI gayI hai | dazamameM sAMkhya, naiyAyika aura bauddhamatAnusAra bandha, mokSa aura unake kAraNoMko carcA AyI hai| vAkya aura nayakA lakSaNa bhI isI paricchedameM varNita hai| 9. yustyanuzAsanAlaGkAra svAmI samantabhadrake 64 kArikAtmaka dArzanika 'yuktyanuzAsanastotra' para vidyAnandane madhyama parimANakI yaha 'yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkAra' TIkA likhI hai| TolA sarala evaM vizada hai| vastutaH samantabhadrane mula kArikAoMmeM jina prameyoMkI sthApanA kI hai, unapara vistArapUrvaka isameM vicAra kiyA hai / advaitavAda tavAda, zAzvatavAda, azAzvatavAda, vaktavyavAda, aktavyavAda, anyatAvAda, ananyatAvAda, apekSAvAda, anapekSAvAda, hetubAda, ahetuvAda, vijJAnavAda, bahirarthavAda, devavAda, puruSArthavAda, pApa-puNyavAda, bandhavAda, mokSavAda aura bandha-mokSakAraNavAdako samIkSA vibhinna darzanoMke pUrvapakSoMko upasthita kara kI hai| nizcayataH samagra darzanoMke prameyoMkA vicAra isa granthameM kiyA gayA hai / ataH hameM vidyAnandako "zrotavyASTasahasrI zrutaiH kimanya shsrsNkhyaanH| vijJAyate yayeva svasamayaparasamayasadbhAvaH / / " Adi garvokti svabhAvoksi pratIta hotI hai| AcArya devasena devasena nAmake kaI AcAryoMke ullekha milate haiN| eka devasena ve haiM, jinhoMne vikrama saM0 990 meM darzanasAranAmaka granthako racanA kI thii| AlApapaddhati, laghunayacakra, ArAdhanAsAra aura tattvasAra nAmaka grantha bhI devasenake dvArA racita haiN| ina saba granthoMko darzanasArake racayitA devasenakI kRti mAnA jAtA hai / darzanasArake anta meM prazastirUpa do gAthAeM bAyI haiM, jo nimna prakAra haiM puvAyariyakayAI gAhAI saMcikaNa epatya / siridevaseNagaNiNA dhArAe saMvasaMteNa // raio dasaNasAro hAro bhaSvANa Navasae Navae / sirisAsaNAhagehe suvisuddhe mAhasuladasamIe / ' hai. darzanasAra, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, vi0 saM 1974, gAthA-49-50 / zrutapara aura sArasvatAcAya : 365

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arthAt pUrvAcAryoMke dvArA racI huI gAthAoMko ekatra karake yaha darzanasAra nAmakA grantha zrI devasenagaNine mAgha zuklA dazamI, vikrama saM0 990meM dhArAnagarImeM nivAsa karate samaya pArzvanAtha bhagavAnake mandirameM racA, jo bhavyajIvoMke hRdaya meM hArake samAna zobhA degaa| tattvasArakI prazastimeM batAyA gayA hai soUNa taccasAre raiyaM muNiNAdevaseNeNa / jo saTThiI bhAvai so pAvai sAsayaM sokkhaM / ' muninAtha devasenane sunakara tatvasAra racA, jo samyadRSTi usakI bhAvanA karatA hai vaha zAzvata sukha prApta karatA hai| ArAdhanAsArake antameM batAyA hai Na ya me asthi kavittaM Na muNAmo chaMdalavakhaNaM ki pi / jiyabhAvaNANimittaM raiya ArAhaNAsAraM // amuNiyatacceNa imaM bhaNiyaM jaM ki pi devaseNeNa | sohaMtu taM muNiMdA asthi hu jai pabayaNa-viruddhaM / / na mujhe vaninakA parikSAna hai, na kAma ra vyAkaga kA hI / apanIbhAvanAke nimitta maiMne ArAdhanAsAra racA hai| pUrNatattvajJAnase aparicita devasenane jo kucha bhI isameM kahA hai yadi usameM Agamaviruddha kathana ho to munIndra use zuddha kara leN| - isa taraha devasenane darzanasArameM racanAkAla aura racanA-sthAnakA nirdeza kiyA hai kintu anya racanAoMmeM racanA-kAla aura racanA-sthAnakA nirdeza nahIM hai / darzanasArameM devasenane apaneko devasenarmANa kahA hai aura tattvasArameM muninAtha devasena kahA hai tathA ArAdhanAsArameM kevala devasena / gaNi aura maninAthapadako ekArthabAcaka mAna lene para ekarUpatA A sakatI hai| bhAvasaMgrahake atirikta anyatra kisI bhI racanAmeM guruke nAmakA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM milatA hai, para prakArAntarase guruke nAmakA adhyAhAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ArAdhanAsArako maGgalagAthAmeM "vimala guNasamiddha" padake dvArA, darzanasArameM "vimalaNANa" pada dvArA, nayacakrameM "vigayamalaM" aura "vimalaNANasaMyuktaM" padoMke dvArA guruke nAmakA ullekha mAnA jA sakatA hai| ata: ArAdhanAsAra, darzanasAra, bhAva-saMgraha bhAdike racayitA eka hI vyakti haiN| darzanasAra aura bhAva-saMgraha to eka hI vyaktikI racanAeM haiM kyoMki zvetAmbara matako 1. tattvasAra, antima prazastri, gAthA 74 / 2. ArAdhanAsAra, gAthA 114-115 / 366 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bhAcArya paramparA

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utpattike sambandhameM dI gayI gAthAoMmeMse eka gAthA jyoM-kI-tyoM hai aura anya gAthAoMke bhAva prAyaH milate haiM / yahA~ tulanAke lie kucha gAthAe~ uddhRta kI jAtI haiN| yathA chattIse after viSakamarAyassa maraNapattassa / sone uppaNNo seassaMgho hu valahIe || Asi ujjeNiNayare Ayario bhaddvAhuNAmeNa / jANiya suNimitro bhaNio saMgho jio teNa || hohara vaha dubbhikkhaM bAraha varasANi jAma puNNANi / desaMtarA gacchat NiNiyasaMgheNa saMjuttA || sokaNa imaM vadhaNaM NANAdesehiM gaNaharA sabve / NiyaNiyasaMgha pattA viharI jatya subbhikvaM" // darzanasAra meM zvetAmbaramatakI utpatti nimna prakAra batAyI hai-- chattIse risa-sae vikkamarAyassa maraNapattassa / go caladIe paNa me baDo saMdho // siribhavAhumaNiNo soso NAmeNa saMti Airio / tassaya sIso TTo jiNacaMdo maMdacArito || te kiye mameyaM ityoNaM atthi tabbhave mokkho / kevalaNANINa puNo addakkhANaM tahA roo 11 ina gAthAoM kI tulanA se yaha spaSTa hai ki donoM granthoMkA racayitA eka hI vyakti hai / paNDita paramAnandajo zAstrI dillIkA abhimata hai ki 'bhAvasaMgraha' 'darzanasAra' ke racayitA devasenakI kRti nahIM hai, kyoMki 'darzanasAra' mUla saMghakA grantha hai, usameM kASThAsaMgha, draviDasaMgha, yApanIyasaMgha aura mAdhurasaMghako jenAbhAsa ghoSita kiyA hai / para 'bhAvasaMgraha' kevala mUlasaMghakA hI mAlUma nahIM hotA, kyoMki usameM 'trivarNAcAra' ke samAna Acamana, sakalIkaraNa aura paJcAmRtAbhiSeka AdikA vidhAna hai| itanA hI nahIM, apitu indra, agni, yama, naiRtya, varuNa, pavana, yakSa aura aizAna Adi digpAla devoMko sazastra aura yuvativAhana sahita AhvAna karane, bali, caru Adi pUjA- dravya tathA yajJake bhAgako bIjAkSarayukta mantroMse denekA vidhAna hai / ataeva paM0 paramAnandajIne batAyA hai ki 1. mAyasaMgraha, mANikacandra granthamAlA, gAthA 137-140 / 2, darzanasAra, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, gAthA 11-13 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 367

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apanaza-bhASAke 'sulocanAcariu'ke racayitA devasena hI 'bhAvasaMgraha' ke kartA haiN| inake gurukA nAma bhI vimalasenagaNi hai| zrI premIjIne bhI unake isa matako prAyaH svIkAra karate hue likhA hai"eka aura prAkRta grantha 'bhAva saMgraha' hai, jo vimalagaNike ziSya devasenakA hai / yaha bhI mudrita ho cukA hai| isameM kaI jagaha 'darzanasAra'ko aneka gAthAe~ uddhRta haiN| isaparase hamane anumAna kiyA thA ki 'darzanasAra ke kartA hI isake kartA haiM, parantu paramAnandajI zAstrIne (anekAnta varSa 7 aMka 11-12meM) isa para sandeha kiyA hai aura sulocanAcariuke kartA tathA bhAvasaMgrahake kartAko eka batalAyA hai, jo ki vimalagaNike ziSya haiN|" _ 'sulocanAdhariu meM usake racanA-kAlakA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai ki saMvatsarakI zrAvaNa zuklA caturdazIke dina yaha grantha pUrNa huA / paM0 paramAnandajone jyotiSa gaNanAkA pramANa dete hue ukta kAlako vikrama saMvat 1132 tathA 16.2 meM par3atA huSA zikhaH hai : patA nahIM paM0 paramAnandajone kisa AdhArapara yaha jyotiSa gaNanA ko hai / rAkSasa-saMvatsara zrAvaNa zuklA caturdazIko graha-lAghavake gaNittAnusAra vi0 saM0 1012 meM AtA hai| yoM rAkSasasaMvatsarakI sthiti vi0 saM0952,1012, 1072, 1132 aura 1192 meM AtI hai, para zrAvaNazuklA caturdazIko rAkSasa saMvatsarakA yoga vikrama saM0 1012 ke atirikka 1372 meM AtA hai| isake bIcake saMvatsaroMmeM bArhaspatya gaNanAnusAra rAkSasasaMvatsara aura zrAvaNa zuklA caturdazIko sthiti eka sAtha ghaTita nahIM hotI hai| ataH anumAna hai ki darzanasAra, bhAvasaMgraha aura sulocanAdhariu ina tInoM ganthoMkA kA eka devasena nahIM hai / zrI jugalakizora mukhtArane zrI paM0 paramAnandajIko samAlocanA karate hue likhA hai- "ataH bhAvasaMgrahake kartA devasena unase pahale hue, taba sulocanAcaritake kartA devasena aura pANDavapurANakI guruparamparAvAle devasenake sAtha unakI ekatA kisI bhI taraha sthApita nahIM kI jA sakatI aura na unheM 12vIM 13vIM zatAbdIkA vidvAn hI ThaharAyA jA sakatA hai| isalie jaba taka bhinna kattu katAkA dyotaka koI dUsarA spaSTa pramANa sAmane na A jAve, taba taka darzanasAra aura bhAvasaMgrahako eka hI devasenakRta mAnane meM koI khAsa bAdhA mAlUma nahI hotI" / 2 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, dvitIya saMskaraNa pR0-176 2. purAtanavAkyasUcIkI prastAvanA, pR0 16 / 368 : pIkara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya-paramparA

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mustAra sAhabake isa kathanase spaSTa hai ki sulocanAcariu 14 vIM zatIke kisI devasenakA hai / bhAvasaMgraha aura darzanasAra eka hI kartAkI racanAe~ haiN| zrI paM0 paramAnandajI kA yaha tarka ki 'darzanazA nUrakA grantha hai aura 'bhAvasaMgraha' mUlasaMghase itara saMghakA grantha hai, kyoMki isameM paJcAmRta abhiSeka Adiko vidhi pratipAdita kI gayI hai, adhika sabala nahIM hai, kyoMki kASThAsaMdha meM, jo ki mUlasaMghake samAna hI mAnya thA, paJcAmRta abhiSeka AdikA vidhAna kiyA hai| zrI premIjIne darzanasArake antargata Aye hue saMghokI samIkSA karate hue likhA hai ki darzanasArameM Aye hue cAra saMghoMmeM yApanIyasaMghako chor3a zeSa tIna saMghakA mUlasaMghase itanA pArthakya nahIM hai ki ve jainAbhAsa batalA diye jAyeM / darzanasAra kI racanA vi0 saM0 990 meM kI hai| bhAvasaMgraha, ArAdhanAsAra aura tattvasAra inakI racanA darzanasArake bAda kI gayI hai | ataH hamArA anumAna hai ki darzanasAra devasenakI sabase pahalI racanA hai / isa racanA ke samaya meM ve kaTTara mUlasaMghI rahe hoNge| para pA~ca-dasa varSake bIca unake vicAra aura adhika paripakva hue tathA ve kASThAsaMgha AcAryoMke samparka meM pahu~ce, jisase unhoMne prabhAvita hokara vi0 saM0 2005 ke lagabhaga bhAvasaMgraha likhA / zrI mukhtAra sAhaba ne zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIke matako upasthita karate hue likhA hai - " isake prArambhika aMza meM anya graMthoMke uddharaNoMkI bharamAra hai, jo mUlagranyakArake dvArA uddhRta nahIM hue haiM aura aneka sthAnoMpara - khAsakara pAMcaveM guNasthAnake varNanameM - isake padyoMkI sthiti rayaNasAra jaisI sandigdha pAyI jAtI hai / ataH prAcIna pratiyoMkI khoja karake isake mUlarUpa ko sunizcita karanekI khAsa jarUrata hai"" | eka aura tarka bhI vicAraNIya hai ki prAkRta bhASAke granthoMkI racanAke pazcAt hI apabhraM zameM racanAeM likhI jAtI haiN| koI bhI lekhaka prathama prAkRta aura saMskRta meM racanA karatA hai, tatpazcAt apbhrNshmeN| jo lekhaka tInoM bhASAoM meM hI racanAoMkA praNayana karate haiM, ve prathama prAkRta anantara saMskRta aura tatpazcAt apabhraMza meM grantha likhate haiN| ataeva devasenane bhI prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza racanAoM kA praNayana kiyA hogA / unakI sarasvatI ArAdhanAkA kAla vi0 [saM0 990 ( I0 san 933) se vi0 saM0 1012 ( I0 san 955) taka hai / 1. purAtana jaina vAkya sUcI, prastAvanA 50 61 1 24 tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 369

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ataeva darzanasAra, bhAvasaMgraha, ArAdhanAsAra, tattvasAra Adi granthoMke racayitA bimalanagaNike ziSya devasenagaNi haiM / racanAe~ 1. darzanasAra, 2 bhAvasaMgraha, 3. AlApapaddhati, 4. laghunayacaka, 5 ArAdhanAsAra, 6 tattvasAra / 1. darzanasAra - isa laghukAya granthameM kula 51 gAthAeM haiN| prathama gAthAmeM zleSa meM gurukA smaraNa karate hue tIrthaMkara mahAvIrako namaskAra kiyA hai aura pUrvAcAryoM dvArA kathita gAthAoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| utthAnika ke anantara samasta itara dArzanika matoMkA pravartaka RSabhadeva ke putra marIciko mAnA hai / marIcine ekAnta, saMzaya, viparIta, vinaya aura ajJAna ina pA~coM ekAnta mArgo kA pravartana kiyA hai| batAyA hai ki tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthake tIrthaMkAla meM sarayU nadI ke taTavartI palAza nAmaka nagarameM pihitAsrava sAdhukA ziSya buddhikIrti muni huA, jo bahuta bar3A zAstrajJa thA / matsyAhArake kAraNa vaha dIkSAse bhraSTa ho gayA aura raktAmbara dhAraNa kara usane ekAntamatakA pracalana kiyA / phala, dadhi, dugdha, zakkara Adike samAna mAMsameM bhI jIba nahIM hai, ataeva usakI icchA karane aura bhakSaNa karane meM koI pApa nahIM hai| usane batalAyA ki jisa prakAra jala eka drava padArtha hai, usake sevanameM doSa nahIM usI prakAra madya bhI drava padArtha hai, usake sevana meM bhI kisI prakArakA doSa nahIM hai / eka pApa karatA hai aura phala dusarA bhogatA hai / isa prakAra anargala siddhAntoMkA pracAra kara vaha buddhakIrti naraka gayA | kartA koI anya vyakti hai aura phala bhoktA koI any| isa siddhAntameM kSaNikavAdakA kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra marIci aura buddhakIrtine mithyA matoMkA pracAra kiyA / isa avatAraNake pazcAt zvetAmbara mata, viparIta mata, vAcanika mata, ajJAna mata, drAviDasaMgha, yApanIyasaMgha, kASThAsaMgha, mAthurasaMgha aura bhillakasaMghakI utpatti evaM samIkSA kI gayI hai / kASThAsaMghakI samIkSA karate hue corasena svAmI ke ziSya jinasena, kundakunda, guNabhadra, vinayasena, kumArasenake nirdeza Aye haiM | kumArasenako kASThAsaMghakA upadezaka batalAyA hai aura isa saMghakA utpattikAla vi0 saM0 753 mAnA hai / mAthurasaMghakI utpatti rAmasena dvArA vi0 saM0 953 meM mathurA nagarI meM mAnI gayI hai| bhillakasaMghakI utpatti bhaviSya- kalpanAke rUpameM ati hai- 370 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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paNa maya vIrajiNidaM surasejaNa maMsiyaM vimalaNANaM / vocchaM daMsaNasAraM jaha kahiyaM pukhvasUrIhi // * bharahe tityayarANaM paNamiya devidaNAgaruDANaM / samaelu hoMti keI micchattapavaTTagA jIvA // 2 X x x siriyAsaNAhatitye sarayUtIre palAsaNayarattho / pihiyAsacassa sisso mahAsudo buDDakittimuNI // X X X gaMdivaDe varagAme kumArI ya satyaviSANI / kaTTo daMsaNabhaTTo jAdo sallehaNAkAle // 4 tatto dusae tode mahurAe mAhurANa guruNA ho / NAmeNa rAmaseNo NiSpicchaM vaNNiyaM teNa // 5 darzanasArase devasenake akkhar3a svabhAvakA patA calatA hai| unhoMne antima gAthA meM apanI spaSTatA vyakta karate hue likhA hai rUsau tUsau loo sanvaM akvaMyassa sAhussa / ki jUyabhae sADI vivajjiyavvA NarideNa // * satya kahane vAle sAdhuse koI ruSTa ho, cAhe santuSTa ho, isako cintA nahIM / kyA rAjAko yukA (A) ke bhayase vastra pahananA chor3a denA cAhie ? kabhI nahIM / isase devasenakA akkhar3apanA prakaTa hotA hai / 2. bhAvasaMgraha isa granthameM 701 gAthAeM haiN| isameM caudaha guNasthAnoMkA avalambana lekara fafaa viSayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| do gAthAoM dvArA 14 guNasthAnoMke nAma batalA kara mithyAtvaguNasthAnakA svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA hai / midhyAtvake ekAnta, vinaya, saMzaya, ajJAna aura viparIta ina pAMca bhedoMko batalAkara brAhmaNa malako viparItamidhyAdRSTi kahA hai nors jaleNa suddhi titi maMseNa piyaravaggassa / pasukayavaheNa saggaM dhammaM gotroNiphAseNa // jai jalamhANapauttA jovA mui niyayapAveNa ! to tattha vasiya jalayarA savve pAvaMti divaloyaM // 1-5. darzanasAra, gAthA 1, 2, 6, 39, 40 / 6. darzanasAra, gAthA 51 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 371

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jaM kama diDhabaddha jIvapaesehi tivihjoenn| taM jalaphAsaNimitte kaha phaTTai titthaNhANeNa / / maliNo deho NicvaM dehI puNa Nimmalo syaaruvii| ko iha jaleNa sujjhai tamhA hANe Na hu suddhI jalase zuddhi hotI hai, mAMsase pitaroMkI tRpti hotI hai, pazubalise svarga milatA hai aura goyonike sparzase dharma hotA hai, ina cAra brAhmaNadharmake pramukha siddhAntoMkI samIkSA karate hue batAyA hai ki jalasnAnase yadi samasta pApoMkA prakSAlana sambhava ho, tI nadI, samudra aura tAlAboM meM rahanevAle balavara bova bhI svargako prApta kara leMge / karma-melase malina isa AtmAko jalase zaddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai, jo jalase zuddhi mAnatA hai, vaha acchA vicAraka nahIM hai| AtmAkI zaddhi tapa, indriyanigraha aura ratnatrayake dvArA hotI hai| jisa prakAra agnike saMyogase svarNa pavitra ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra anazana, Unodara Adi tapoMke karanese jIva bhI pavitra ho jAtA hai / jo vyakti viSaya aura kaSAyameM saMlagna haiM aura rAga-dveSako utpanna karanevAle mahakAyoMmeM Asakta haiM unakI jalasnAnase zuddhi nahIM ho sktii| kaSAyarahita, vrataniyama aura zIlase yukta vyakti jalasnAnake binA bhI AtmAko pavitra kara sakatA hai| mAMsadvArA pitaroMkI tRpti mAnane vAlA vyakti bho viveko nahIM hai / hiMsA, krUratA aura nirdayatA karane vAlA vyakti cAroM gatiyoMke duHkhoMko uThAtA hai| jo mAMsa dvArA zrAddha karake pitaroMkI tRpti cAhatA hai vaha vyakti bhI bAlUse tela nikAlanA cAhatA hai / ataeva mAMsako na to dAna hI mAnA jA sakatA hai, aura na isase pitaroMkI tRpti hI ho sakatI hai / jo zrAddhadvArA pitaroMkI tRpti mAnatA hai, vaha bhramameM hai / kisIke bhojanase kisIkI tRpti nahIM ho sktii| yadi pitA bhojana karatA hai, to putrakA peTa nahIM bharatA, aura putra bhojana karatA hai to pitAkA peTa nahIM bhrtaa| jo bhojana karatA hai, vahI tapta ho sakatA hai, anya kaise tupta ho sakatA hai ? jo yaha mAnatA hai ki pApa karake naraka jAne para pitAko piNDadAnadvArA putra svarga bheja sakatA hai, usake yahA~ jo kArya karane vAlA hai use phala na mila kara anyako hogaa| ataH kRtanAza aura akRtAbhyAgama nAmaka doSa AyagA / isa prakAra ukta cAroM siddhAntoMkI samIkSA karate hue gItA, mahAbhArata Adi granthoMse hI samarthanake lie pramANa uddhRta kiye haiN| viparItamithyAtvake pazcAt ekAntamithyAtvako samIkSA kI gayI hai| 143 1. mAvasaMgraha, gAthA 17-20 / 372 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra baura unako AcArya paramparA

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isa prasaMga meM kSaNikakAntavAdI buddhakA khaNDana kiyA hai| vainAyika mithyAtvake nirasanameM yakSa, nAga, durgA, caNDikA Adike pUjanekA niSedha kiyA hai| saMzayamithyAtvakA nirUpaNa karate hue udAharaNa hetu zvetAmbara matakA nirasana kiyA gayA hai / vetAmbara sampradAya strImukti, kevalI kavalAhAra aura sAdhuoMkA vastra pAtra rakhanA ina tInoM bAtoMkI AlocanA ko gayI hai / svetAmbara apane sAdhuyoMko sthavirakalpI batalAte haiM / granthakAra ke matase ve sthavira nahIM, balki gRhasthakalpI haiM / jinakarUpa aura sthavirakalpakA vivecana vistArapUrvaka kiyA hai| isa sandarbha meM batAyA hai duddharatavassa bhaggA parisahavisaehi pIDiyA jeya / jo girUppo loe sa thavirakappo kao tehi // arthAt paroSa se pIDita aura durddhara tapase bhIta janone gRhasthakalpako sthavira kalpa banA diyA hai / 137 bI gAthAse zvetAmbara matakI utpattikI kathA dI gayI hai| isa kathAmeM batAyA hai ki saurASTra dezakI balabhI nagarImeM vi0 saM0 136 meM zvetAmbara saMghakI utpatti huI / darzanasAra meM bhI zvetAmbara matakI utpattikA yahI samaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| ajJAna mithyAtvakA kathana karate hue likhA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthake tIrthakalpameM maskarIpUraNa nAmaka RSi huA / yaha bhagavAna mahAvIrake samavacaraNa meM gayA, kintu usake jAnepara bhagavAnakI vANo nahIM khiro / caha ruSTa hokara samavazaraNase calA AyA aura kahane lagA - meM gyAraha aMgoMkA dhArI hU~, phira bhI mere jAne para tIrthaMkara mahAvIrako divyadhvani pravAhita nahIM huI aura gautamake Ane para divyadhvani hone lagI / gautamane abhI dIkSA lI / vaha to vedavAdI paNDita hai / vaha jinokta zrutako kyA jAne / ataH usane anase logoMke madhya mokSakA upadeza diyA I aNNANAo mokkhaM evaM loyANa payaDamANo devo Na asthi koI suNNaM jhAeha icchAera // arthAt ajJAnase hI mokSa hotA hai| isake liye dhyAna, saMyama, tapa, sajjJAna kI AvazyakatA nahIM / isa prakAra pA~coM mithyAtvoM ko samIkSA karaneke pazcAt cArvAka ke dvArA mAnya darzanako samIkSA kI hai / cArvAka caitanyako bhUtoMkA vikAramAtra mAnatA hai / granthakArane ise kolikAcAryakA masa kahA hai 1. bhAvasaMgraha, gAyA 133 / 2. bhAvasaMgraha, gAyA 164 1 zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 373

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kaulAyario akkhai asthi Na jIvo hu kassa taM pAvaM / puNNaM vA kassa bhave ko gacchada garaya-sagaM' vA / / yaha kolikamata zaivatantrakA ekamata hai| eka prakArase yaha vAmAnoM hai / hai| mAMsa, madirAke sevanake sAtha svoramaNa evaM svayaM ziva-pArvatIkA pratirUpaka apaneko mAnanA Adi isake siddhAnta haiN| yahA~ hameM pranyakArakA bhrama pratIta hotA hai / kolika aura cArvAka ye donoM mata svatantra haiN| donoMmeM samatA itanI hai ki puNya-pApa, paraloka AdikI sthiti donoMmeM tutya hai| kolika matake granyoMmeM vAmAcArako bhI puNyarUpa kahA gayA hai tathA vAmamArgIdharmAcaraNase svargAdika sukhoMkI upalabdhi bhI mAnI gayI hai| ziva aura pArvatI rUpa kRtyaakRtyoMkA saMkalpa kara lene para kahIM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI aura svArgAdika prApta ho jAte haiN| cArvAkamatake pazcAt sAMkhyamatakI samIkSA ko gayI hai / batAyA hai ki jIva sadA akartA hai aura puSya-pApakA bhoktA bhI nahIM hai| aisA loka meM prakaTa karake bahana aura putrIko bhI aMgIkAra kiyA gayA hai / yathA jIvo sayaH sakattA sAgasa ho gumarAlasma / iya payaDiUNa loe gahiyA vahiNI sadhyA vi|| x ghUyamAyarivahiNi aNNAvi puttasthiNi / Ayati ya pAsavayaNapayaDe vi vippeM / jaha ramiyakAmAsareNa veyagavve uppaNNadappa // bNbhnni-chipinni-ddoNvi-nddiy-vddi-rjji-cmmaari| kavale samai samAgamai taha mutti ya paraNAri / / arthAt putrI, mAtA, vahana yA anya koI bhI nArI putrotpattiko bhAbanAse kAmavacana prakaTa kare, to kAmAtura ho vedajJAnI brAhmaNako usakA upabhoga karanA caahiye| lekhakane batalAyA hai ki kapiladarzanameM pratipAdita brAhmaNI, DombI, naTI, ghobina, camArina Adi paranAriyoMke sAtha bhoga karanA ucita hai| smRtikAroMke isa kathanakA Azaya lekara ki jo puruSa svayaM AgatA nArIkA bhoga nahIM karatA use brahmahatyAkA pApa lagatA hai; ko lakSyameM rakhakara 1. bhAvasaMgraha, gAthA 172 / 2. vahI, gAyA 179 / 3. mAvasaMgraha, gAthA 185 / 374 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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hI ukta kathana kiyA gayA hai| sAMkhyadarzanake sAtha isakA kucha bhI mela nahIM hai| hA~, kaulika sampradAyameM ukta siddhAnta avazya svIkRta hai| rAjazekharane apanI 'karpUramaMjarI-saTraka meM raNDA, caNDA Adike bhogakA aucitya batalAyA hai / ataH kapiladarzanakA yaha siddhAnta na hokara, smRti yA kolika sampradAyakA siddhAnta hai| devasenane isI siddhAntako samIkSA ko hai| tutIya mizraguNasthAnakA kathana karate hue brahmA, viSNu aura rudrako samAlocanA kI gayI hai / brahmAkI AlocanA karate hae tilottamA Adike upAkhyAnoMko upasthita kiyA hai / viSNuko AlocanAmeM unake vibhinna avatAroMkI samIkSA kI gayI hai| rudrako AlocanAmeM unake svarUpa aura brahmahatyA Adi kAryoMkI samIkSA AyI hai| caturtha aviratasamyagdaSTi gaNasthAnakA svarUpa batalAte hue sAta tatvoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| pAMcaveM guNasthAnakA svarUpa 250 gAthAoMke dvArA bahuta vistArase batalAyA hai / isameM aNa vrata, guNavasa, aura zikSAvratoMke sAtha aSTamUlaguNoMkA bhI ullekha AyA hai| cAra prakArake dhyAna, devapUjA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa, dAna, Adi zrAvakAcArakA bhI nirUpaNa AyA hai| abhiSekake samaya yama, varuNa, kuvera, IzAna Adike AhvAnapUrvaka paJcAmRta-abhiSeka karanekA vidhAna kiyA hai / SaSTha va saptama guNasthAnake svarUpakathanameM piNDastha, padastha rUpastha, aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoMkA kathana AyA hai| zeSa gaNasthAnoMkA sAmAnyatayA svarUpavivecana huA hai| guNasthAnoMke svarUpakathanameM devasenane paMcasaMgrahaprAkRsase aneka gAthAe~ jyoM-ko-tyoM rUpameM grahaNa kI haiN| nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIne gommaTasArameM paMcasaMgrahakI aneka gAthAeM grahaNa kI haiM / yahA~ tulanAke lie katipaya sAmAna gAthAeM dI jAtI haiM miccho sAsaNa misso avirayasammo ya desavirado ya / virao pamatta iyaro apubba aNiyaTTi suhamo ya / / uvasaMta khINamohe sajoikevalijiNo ajogI ya / e caudasa guNaThANA kameNa siddhA ya gAyavyA / / No iMdiesa birao po jIve thAvare tase vA pi / jo sahai jiNutaM aviraisammo ti NAyathyo / ' isa prakAra aneka gAthAe~ paMcasaMgrahameM prApta hotI haiM / itanA hI nahIM, bhAva1. paMcasaMgraha, gApA 10, 11, 261 / zrutaghara dhora sArasvatAcArya : 375

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saMgrahako kaI gAthAeM kucha rUpAntarake sAtha rAjazekharakI karpUramaMjarImeM bhI milatI haiN| kucha gAthAe~ aisI bhI haiM, jinameM paMcasaMgraha aura dhavalATIkAkA mizrita rUpa hai| paMcasaMgraha je tasavahAja virado No virao avkhthaavrvhaao| paDisamayaM so jovI birayAvirao jiNekkamaI / / - gAthA 13 dhavalA aura jIyakAMDa jo tasabahAdu birado aviradao taha ya thaavrvhaao| ekkasamammi jIvo viradAvirado jiNenakamAI ||-maathaa 31 bhAvasaMgraha jo tasavahAu viraoNo virao taha ya thAvaravahAo / ekkasamammi jIvo virayAvirasa ti jiNu kahaI ||-gaathaa 351 bhAvasaMgrahapara kundakundAcAryake paJcAstikAya granthakA bhI prabhAva haipaJcAstikAya jIvo tti havadi vedA uvaovisesido pahU~ kttaa| bhottA ya dehametto Na hi mutto kammasaMjutto / ' pANehiM caduhiM jIvadi jIvarasAda jo hu jIvido pun / so jIvo pANA puNa balamidiyamAu ussAso // bhAvasaMgraha. jIvo aNAi Nicco uvaogasaMjudo dehamitto ya / kattA bhoktA cettA Na hu mutto sahAvauDDhagaI / / pANacakkapautto jIvassai jo hu jIviko puvvaM / jovei vaTTamANaM jIvattaNaguNa smaavnnnno|| spaSTa hai ka bhAvasaMgrahapara paJcAstikAyakA bhI prabhAva hai| 1. paMcAstikAya, gAthA 27 / 2. vahI, gAthA 30 / 3. bhAvasaMgraha, gAyA-286 / 4. bhAvasaMgraha, gAthA-288 / 376 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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3. ArAdhanAsAra ekasau pandraha prAkRta-gAthAoM meM yaha grantha racA gayA hai / ArAdhanAoM kA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ArAhaNA isAro so dubbheo utto vavahAro cena // arthAt tapArAdhanA, darzanArAdhanA, jJAnArAdhanA aura cAritrArAdhanA ina cAroM kA rog| yAra do prakArakA hai - ( 1 ) vyavahAra aura (2) paramArtha / vyavahAra-ArAdhanAkA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai ki sUtra aura artha dvArA kathita vastuko grahaNa karanA jJAnArAdhanA hai / arthAt tIrthaMkarakI vANI dvArA pratipAdita 19 aMga aura 14 pUrvoko avagata karanA jJAnArAdhanA hai| bhAvazuddhipUrvaka 13 prakArakaM cAritrakA AcaraNa karanA cAritrArAdhanA hai / 13 prakArake cAritrameM 5 mahAvrata, 5 samiti aura 3 guptiko sthAna diyA gayA hai / 12 prakArake tapoMkA AcaraNa karaneke lie pravRtta honA tapArAdhanA hai| isa prakAra vyavahAra-ArAdhanAkA svarUpa kathana kara nizcaya ArAdhanAkA svarUpa basalAte hue likhA hai taba daMsaNa NANa caraNasabhAma suddhaNaye caukhaMSaM uttaM rAhaNAi erisiyaM / sambaviyappavimukko suddho appA nirAlaMbo // arthAt jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura saparUpa ina cAroM bheda- vikalpoM kA tyAga kara paJcendriyake viSayasukhase rahita nirvikalpa AtmatattvakA ArAdhana karanA nizcaya - ArAdhanA hai| Age isIke svarUpakA vizeSarUpa se varNana karate hue batAyA hai saddahai sahAvaM jANaha appANamappaNo suddhaM / taM ci ya aNucara puNo iMdiyavisae Ni rohitA // arthAt svasvarUpakA zraddhAna karanA, zuddha AtmAko jAnanA aura nija AtmarUpa AcaraNa karanA evaM nija svarUpa tapazcaraNa karanA nizcayArAyanA hai / nizcaya-ArAdhanAmeM indriyoMkI vRttiyAM ruka jAtI haiM aura AtmasvarUpa zraddhAna, jJAna, AcaraNa aura sapArAdhanA hone lagatI hai / isalie darzana, jJAna, 1. AdhanAsAra, bhASA 2 / 2. ArAghanAsAra, gAyA 8 / 3. vahI, gAyA 9 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 377

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cAritra, taparUpa AtmA hI hai, jo rAga-dveSa chor3akara isa zuddha AtmAkA ArAdhana karatA hai usIkI nizcaya-ArAdhanA hotI hai| jIva caturgatimeM bhramaNa karatA hai, bhramaNa karegA aura bhramaNa kiyA hai / isakA kAraNa jJAnamayo AtmArAdhanako prApta na karanA hai| maraNakAlameM vahI vyakti AtmArAdhana kara sakatA hai jo rAga-dveSa rahita hai| batAyA hai-- appasahAve Nirao vajjiyaparadanvasaMgasukkharaso / NiggahiyarAghadoso habaI ArAhamo maraNe // jo rayaNattayamaio muttaNaM appaNo visuddhppaa| citei ya paradavvaM virAho NicchayaM maNiyo' / rAga-dveSoMko dUra kara aura paradravyoMke saMyogajanya sukhakA tyAga kara jo AtmasvabhAvameM nirata hai bahI maraNa-kAlameM ArAdhaka hotA hai / jo ratnatrayamayI vizuddha AtmAko chor3akara paradravyoMkA cintana karatA hai vaha ArAdhanAkA virAdhaka mAnA jAtA hai| jo na samyak darzana, zAna, caritrarUpa AtmAko samajhatA hai aura na AtmAse vilakSaNa zarIrAdi paradrabyoMko hI jAnatA hai, use na jJAnako prApti rahatI hai aura na ArAdhanAko ho / ___jaba taka vRddhAvasthA nahIM AtI hai, indriyoMkI zakti kSINa nahIM hotI hai, buddhi naSTa nahIM hotI hai, AyarUpI jala samApta nahIM hotA hai taba taka AtmakalyANake lie prayatnazIla rahanA caahie| jo vyakti yaha socatA rahatA hai ki abhI to yuvAvasthA hai, viSayasukha-sevanake dina haiM yaha vRddhAvasthA Ane para kucha nahIM kara sakatA hai| jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura taparUpa ArAdhanAkI prApti zArIrika zakti aura indriyoMkI zakti rahane para hI sambhava hai| basAyA hai jaravagviNI Na caMpai jAma pa viyalAi haMti akkhaaii| buddhI jAma Na NAsai AujalaM jAma Na parigalaI / / jA ujjamo Na viyalaI saMjama-tava-NANa-jhANajoesu / tAriho so puriso uttamaThANassa saMbhavaI bAhya aura antaraGga parigrahakA tyAgakara antaraGga kaSAya aura vikAroMko kRza karanekA prayAsa karanA hI vAstavika ArAdhanA hai| kaSAe~ atyadhika zaktizAlI haiN| inhIMke kAraNa caturgati paribhramaNa hotA hai / jaba taka kaSAya 1. ArAdhanAsAra, mANicandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, mAthA 19,20 / 2. vahI, prAthA 25, 28 / 378 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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aura bhogoMkA tyAga nahIM kiyA jAyagA, taba taka saMyama kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai aura saMyama rahita vyaktike guNa vizuddha nahIM ho sakate / batAyA haijAma Na hRNai kasAe sakasAI Neva saMjamI hoI saMjama hiyassa guNA Na haMti savve visuddhiyarA // . jo parISahoM ko sahana karatA huA zAntibhAvapUrvaka vrata samiti aura guziyoM kA pAlana karatA hai vaha anAdikAlIna kAma-krodhAdiko naSTa kara detA hai / isa prasaGgameM upasarga aura parISahoMko sahana karanevAle zivabhUti, sukumAla aura sukozalake udAharaNa diye gaye haiM aura munuSyakRta upasarga sahana karane meM gurudatta pANDava aura gajakumArake AkhyAna dRSTAntake rUpameM prastuta kiye haiM / devakRta upasarga ke sahana karanemeM prasiddha hue zrIdatta, suvarNabhadra Adike udAharaNa diye gaye haiM / isa prakAra udAharaNoM aura pratyudAharaNoM dvArA saiddhAntika viSayako bhI sarasa banAnekI veSTA kI hai| mana, vacana aura kAyako vaza karanekI AvazyakatA para jora dete hue likhA hai--- sikkhaha maNavasiya raNaM savasIhUeNa jeNa maNuANaM / NAsaMti rAya-dose tesi mAse samo paramo // 2 manako vazameM karanekI zikSA denI caahie| jisakA mana vazIbhUta hai vahI rAga-dveSako nAza kara sakatA hai aura rAga-dveSake nAza karanese hI paramapadakI prApti hotI hai / upazabhavAna jIva hI manakA nigraha kara sakatA hai aura manakA nigraha karane se hI AtmA paramAtmApadako prApta kara sakatI hai | AcAryane dhyAna, dhyAtA aura dhyeyakA lakSaNa batalAyA hai aura dhyAnake dvArA hI sakala karmo kA nAza hotA hai / ataH rAga-dveSa, mohakA vinAza karane para hI dhyAnakI prApti sambhava hai| jo yaha anubhava karatA hai ki na meM deha hU~, na mana hU~ aura na bhujhameM duHkha hI hai vaha kSapaka samabhAvanAse yukta hokara duHkhakA vinAza kara letA hai / yathA- nAhaM deho Na maNo Na teNa me samabhAvaNAI jutto vi sahasu 1. ArAdhanAsAra gAthA 37 / 2. vahI, mASA 64 3. vahI, gAcA 101 / atyi ittha dukhAI / dukkhaM aho khavaya // 3 zrutabhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 379

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isa prakAra samasta parigrahakA tyAgakara bAtmasAdhanAmeM saMlagna rahanekA nirdeza kiyA hai| 4. tattvasAra isa granthameM / 71 gAthAeM haiN| tatvake mUlasa: do bheda haiM--(1) svagata tattva aura (2) garagata ts| svagata tatva nijAtmA hai aura paragata tatvameM parameSThI haiN| svagata tatvake bhI do bheda haiM-(1) savikalpaka aura (2) nirvikalpaka / Asravasahitako savikalpaka kahate haiM aura Asravarahitako nirvikalpaka / indriyaviSaya-sukhake samApta honepara manako caMcalatA jaba asvaddha ho jAtI hai taba AtmA apane svarUpa nivikalpa ho jAtA hai| yA-- jaM puNu sagayaM tacca saviyappaM habai taha ya aviyappaM / saviyappaM sAsavayaM NirAsavaM vigayasaMkappaM / / iMdiyavisavirAme maNassa gillUraNaM have jiyaa| taiyA taM aviappa sasakhye appaNo ta tu||' jo avikalpaka tattva hai vahI mokSakA kAraNa hai / usoko zuddha samAnakara dhyAna karanA caahie| isa prakaraNameM zramaNa aura yogIko vyutpatti batalAte hue likhA hai-'manavacana-kAyase jo bAhya aura Abhyansara parigrahase rahita hai, vaha nirgrantha kahalAtA hai aura jisane jinalimA Azraya grahaNa kiyA hai vaha zramaNa kahalAtA hai-- bahirabhaMtaragaMthA mukkA jeNeha tivihajoeNa / so Niggayo bhaNio jiliMgasamAsio savaNoM / / lAbha-alAbha, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa, mitra-zatruko jo samAnarUpase dhyAna karatA hai vaha yogI hai / yathA lAhAlAhe sariso suhasukkhe taha ya jIvie mrthe| baMdhava-arayasamANo jhANasamattho hu so joii|| jo vyakti AtmAko siddhi karanA cAhatA hai vaha dhyAna dvArA kokA kSaya kara mokSako prApta kre| yaha AtmA darzana, jJAna, cAritrasvarUpa hai, asaMkhyAta pradezI hai aura pradezoMke saMhAra tathA visarpaNake kAraNa yaha zarIrapramANa hai jo 1. tattvasAra, gAthA-5,6 / 2. vahI, gaayaa-10| 3. vahI, gAthA-11 / 380 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bhAcArya-paramparA

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rAga, dveSa, mohakA tyAga kara janma-jarA-maraNase rahita isa niraJjana AtmAkA dhyAna karatA hai vaha siddhiko prApta kara letA hai / AtmAmeM na rUpa hai, na rasa hai, na gandha hai, na zabda hai / yaha to zuddha cetanasvarUpa niraJjana hai / yathA phAsarasarUvagaMdhA saddAdIyA ya jassa gariya puNo / zuddho ceyaNabhAvo piraMjaNo so ahaM bhaNio / ' vyavahAranayase isa AtmAmeM karma-nokarma mAne jAte haiM / AtmA aura karmakA sambandha dUdha-pAnIke samAna hai| jisa prakAra dUdha aura pAnI apane-apane svabhAvase vikRta hokara ekameM eka mila jAte haiM usI prakAra AtmA aura paudgalika karma bhI apane apane svabhAvako chor3a ekameM eka mila gaye haiN| ataeva meM zuddha hU~, siddha hU~, jJAnarUpa hU~, karma-nokarma se rahita hU~, eka hU~, nirAlamba hU~, dehapramANa hU~, nitya hUM, asaMkhyAtadezika hU~, amUrta huuN| isa prakAra cintana kara AtmasvarUpako prApta karanA cAhie / jaba taka para dravyoMse citta vyAvRtta nahIM hotA taba taka bhavyajAva mokSako prApta nahIM kara sakatA hai| cAhe kitanA bhI ugra tapa kyoM na karatA rhe| AtmasiddhikA malakAraNa rAga-dveSa aura viSayasUkhase mukti prApta kara lenA hai| __ yaha grantha AdhyAtmika hai tathA isameM AtmAnumUti tathA AtmasiddhikA upAya varNita hai| 5. laghunayacaka isa granthameM 87 gAthAe~ haiM / nayakA svarUpa, upayogitA evaM usake bhedaprabhedoMkA varNana kiyA hai / nayakA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai jaM gANINa viyappaM suyabhayaM vatyUyasasaMgahaNaM / te iha gayaM pauttaM pANI puNa tehi NANehiM / ' jo vastuke eka aMzakA grahaNa karatA hai zrutajJAnakA vaha bheda naya kahalAsA hai / nayake binA bastusvarUpako pratipati nahIM ho sakatI hai aura naya dvArA hI syAvAdakA jJAna hotA hai / ataH nayakA jJAna anekAntAtmaka vastuko prasipattike lie atyanta Avazyaka hai / nayase jina vacanoMkA bodha hotA hai aura nayase hI vastuko pratipatti hotI hai| bhUla naya dohai-dravyAthika aura paryAyAthikA nayake sAmAnyatayA naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUna aura evambhUta ye sAta bheda haiM / anya bheda nimna prakAra haiM1. ta0 sA0, gAthA 21 / 2, laghunayacakra, gAthA 2 / dhutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 381

Page #400
datthaM dahameyaM chanbheyaM pajjayatthiyaM NeyaM / tivihaM ca gamaM tad duvihaM puNa saMgrahaM tattha | vavahAra riusutaM duviyappaM sesamAhU ekkekkA / " uttA iha NayameyA upaNayabhaiyA vi pabhaNAmo // dravyArthikake 10 bheda, paryAyAthika 6 bheda, naigama nayake tIna bheda, saMgrahake do, vyavahAra aura RtusUtra ke do-do bheda aura zeSa nayoMkA eka-eka bheda hai / upanayake tIna bheda haiM--- (1) sadbhUta, (2) asadbhUta aura (3) upacarita naya | sadbhUta ke do bheda haiM aura asadbhUta ke tIna tathA upacaritake tIna / isa prakAra nayake bheda-prabhedoMkA kathana kara dravyAthika aura paryAyArthika nayoMkI apekSAse vastu vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 6. bAlApa paddhati yaha saMskRta gadya meM racita choTI so racanA hai / anya granthoMke samAna isakA prakAzana bhI mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlAse huA hai / isa granthameM guNa, paryAya, svabhAva, pramANa, naya, guNa-vyatpatti, svabhAvavyutpatti, pramANakA kathana, nikSepakI vyutpatti, nayoMke bhedoMkI vyutpatti evaM adhyAtmanayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ArambhameM vacanapaddhatiko ho AlApapaddhati kahA hai| yaha grantha nimnalikhita adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai- 1. dravyAdhikAra, 2 guNAdhikAra 3. paryAyAdhikAra, 4. svabhAvAdhikAra, 5. pramANAdhikAra, 6. naya-adhikAra, 7 guNa vyutpatti-adhikAra 8. paryAyavyutpatti adhikAra, 9 svabhAvavyutpatti adhikAra, 10. ekAntapakSameM doSa, 11. nayayojanA, 12 pramANakathana, 13. nayalakSaNa aura bheda, 14, nikSepa vyutpatti, 15 noMke bhedoMkI vyutpatti, 16 adhyAtmanaya / nAmAnusAra viSayoMkA nirUpaNa ina adhikAroMmeM kiyA gayA hai| jaina siddhAntako avagata karaneke lie yaha choTA-sA grantha bahuta upayogI hai / dravya ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNoMkA vivecana karate hue likhA hai I 2 "astitvaM, vastuttvaM dravyatvaM, prameyatvaM agurulaghutvaM, pradezatvaM, cetanatvamacetanatvaM, mUrttatvamamUrttatvaM dravyANAM daza sAmAnyaguNAH / pratyekamaSTAvaSTo sarveSAm / 3 [ ekaikadravye aSTau aSTau guNA bhavaMti / jIvadravye acetanatvaM mUtatvaM ca nAsti, pudgaladravye cetanatvamamRtatvaM ca nAsti, dharmAdharmAkAzakAladravyeSu 1. AlApapaddhati, gAyA 13-14 / 382 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

Page #401
cetanatvaM mUrtatvaM ca nAsti / evaM dvidviguNavarjite maSTau aSTau guNAH pratyekadravye bhavanti / ] jJAnadarzanasukhavIryANi sparzarasagaMdhavarNAH gatihetutvaM sthitihetutvamavagAhnahetutvaM varttanAhetutvaM cetanatvamacetanatvaM mUrtasvamamUrtatvaM dravyANAM SoDaza vizeSa uit: 15 "arthAt astitva, vastutva, dravyatva, prameyatva, agurulaghutva, pradezatva, cetanatva, acetanatva, mUrtatva aura amUrtasva ye dravyoMke sAmAnyaguNa haiM / sadeva dravyoM ke sAtha rahate haiM, dravyoMse pRthaka nahIM hote / pratyeka dravyameM daza sAmAnyaguNoM se ATha-ATha guNa rahate haiM, do-do guNa nahIM hote / jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, gatihetutva, sthitihetutva, avagAhana hetutva, vartanAhetutva, cetanatva, acetanatva, mUrtatva aura amUrtasva ye dravyoMke solaha vizeSaguNa haiM / isa prakAra dravya, guNa, svabhAva ke atirivata naya aura pramANakA bhI vivecana kiyA hai / AcArya amitagati prathama jaina sAhitya meM amitagati nAmake do AcAryoMke ullekha milate haiM / eka mAdhavasena ke ziSya aura nemiSeNake praziSya haiN| aura jinhoMne subhASita ratnasandoha, dharmaparIkSA, upAsakAcAra, saMskRtapaJcasaMgraha Adi grantha race haiM / dUsare amitagati se haiM, jo nemiSeNake guru tathA devasenasUrike ziSya haiM aura jinakA guNakIrtana subhASitaratnasandohako antima prazastimeM usake racayitA amitagatine svayaM kiyA hai / isa taraha subhASitaratnasandohake kartA amitagati dvArA ullikhita evaM nemiSeNake guru tathA devasenake ziSya amitagati prathamaamitagati haiM aura inakA ullekha karanevAle tathA do por3hI pIche honevAle mAdhavasena ke ziSya aura nemiSeNake praziSya subhASitaratnasandohakAra amitagati dvitIya amitagati haiM / ina amitagatine prathama amitagatiko 'tyani:zeSazaGgaH' vizeSaNa dekara apaneko unase pRthak siddha kiyA hai| prathama amitagatine svayaM ukta vizeSaNa apane sAtha lagAyA hai / AcArya jugalakizora 1. AlApapaddhati, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, pu0 133 - 134 / 2. 'niHsaGgAtmAmitagatiridaM prAbhRtaM yogasAram' - yogasAraprAbhRta, sampAdaka paNDita jugalakizora mukhtAra, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, san 1968 adhikAra 9, padma 83 / taghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 383

Page #402
multArakA abhimata hai-.-"yaha kRti (yogasAra prAbhat) nizcitarUpase amigati prathamakI kRti hai, jisakA pramANa amitagatike sAtha niHsaMGgAtmA vizeSaNakA prayoga hai, jise granthakArane svayaM apane liye prayukta kiyA hai / ..... / yaha vizeSaNa amittagati dvitIyake liye kahIM bhI prayukta nahIM huA haibalki svayaM amitagati dvitIyane isa vizeSaNako - 'tyakta-niHzeSasagaH' rUpameM amitagati prathamake liye prayuraH "kara hai| jaisA su i ko prazastio nimnapadyase jAnA jAtA hai aura jisase uttaH nizcaya evaM viNayako bharapUra puSTi hotI hai Azovidhvasta-kantovipulazamabhRtaH zrImataH kAntakIrteH sUreAtasya pAra zrutasalilanidherdevasenasya ziSyaH / vijJAtAzeSazAstro vratasamitibhRtAmagraNIrastakopaH zrImAnmAnyA munInAmamitagatiyatistyaktaniHzeSasaMgaH / isa padyameM amitagati prathamake guru devasenakA nAmollekha karate hue unheM vidhvastakAmadeva, dipulazamabhRta, kAntakoti aura zrutasamudrakA paragAmI AcArya likhA hai tathA unake ziSya amitagati yogIko azeSazAstroMkA jJAtA, mahAvrata-samitiyoke dhArakomeM agraNI, krodharahita, munimAnya aura samasta vAhyAbhyantara parigrahakA tyAgI sUcita kiyA hai| pichalA vizeSaNa sarvopari mukhya jAna par3atA hai| isIse amitagatine use niHsaMGgAtmAke rUpameM apane liye prayukta kiyA hai|" isa prakAra dvitIya amitagatise amitagati prathamakA 'niHsaGgAtmA' vizeSaNa dvArA pArthakya siddha hai| isake atirikta amitagati dvitIyane subhASitaratnasandoha, dharmaparIkSA Adi granthoMmeM amiptagati prathamake mahAna guNoMkI stuti kI hai| ata: amitagati prathama unase pUrvavartI haiN| sthitikAla amitagati dvitIyane subhASitaratnasandohako vi0 saM0 1050 meM poSa zuklA paJcamIke dina samApta kiyA hai| isake pazcAt dharmaparIkSAko vi0 saM0 1070 meM aura paJcasaMgrahako vi0 saM01073 meM pUrA kiyA haiM / asaeva amitagati dvitIyakA samaya vi0 saM0 1050 hai / inake dvArA ullikhita amitagati prathama inase do poDhI pUrva honese unakA samaya vi0 saM0 1000 nizcita hotA hai| 1. yogasAraprAbhUta, prastAvanA, pR0 20 / 384 : tIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

Page #403
racanA inakA ekamAtra yogasAraprAbhRta nAmaka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai, jo prakAzita ho cukA hai| yaha grantha 9 adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai-1, jIvAdhikAra, 2. ajIvAdhikAra, 3. AsravAdhikAra, 4. bandhAdhikAra, 5. saMvarAdhikAra, 6. nirjarAdhikAra,7. mokSAdhikAra aura 8. cAritrAdhikAra aura navama adhikArako navAdhikAra yA navamAdhikArake nAmase ullikhita kiyA hai| isa adhikArakI saMjA cUlikAdhikArake rUpameM kI gayI hai| prathama adhikArameM maGgalAcaraNake anantara svabhAvako upalabdhike hetu jIva aura ajIvake lakSaNoMke jAnanekI preraNA kI hai, kyoMki do prakArake padArthose bhinna saMsArane tIsare prakArakA koI nayA nahIM hai| sabhI kA antarbhAva ina do padArthoM meM ho jAtA hai / jIva-ajIvako vAstavika rUpameM jAna lenese jIvakI ajIvameM atukti tathA Asakti nahIM rahatI hai aura AtmalInatAse rAgadveSakA kSaya ho jAtA hai| antara jIvake upayoga lakSaNa aura usake bheda-prabhedoMkA nirdeza karake kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana nAmake donoM upayogoMkA karmoke kSayase aura zeSa upayogoMkA karmo ke kSayopazamase udita honA batAyA hai| yAtmAko jJAnapramANa, jJAnako jJeyapramANa, savaMgata aura jJeyako lokAlokapramANa batalAkara jJAnako AtmapradezoMke tulya giddha kiyA hai / jAna jJeyako jAnatA huA bhI jJeyarUpa pariNata nahIM hotA hai| AsAryane isa adhikArameM kevalajJAnako trikAlagocara, sabhI sat-asat viSayoM kA jJAtA, yugapadabhAsaka siddha kiyA hai| AtmA samyakcAritrako kaba prApta karatI hai, isa kathadake pazcAt nizcaya aura vyabahAracAritrakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| isa prakAra prathama adhikArameM AtmAke zuddhasvarUpakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhikArameM dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgala ina pA~coM ajIvadravyoMkA kathana kiyA hai / ye pAMcoM ajIbadravya paraspara milate-julate ekadasareko apane meM avakAza dete hae kabhI bhI apane svabhAvako nahIM chodd'te| inameM padagalako chor3akara zeSa saba amatika aura niSkriya haiM / jIvasahita ye pA~coM dravya maralAte haiM, kyoMki guNa payaMyavadravyaM isa lakSaNase yukta haiN| isake pazcAt dravyako niryuktiparaka likhakara sabhI dravyoMko sattAtmaka kahA hai| pazcAt pudgalake skandha, deza, pradeza aura aNu me cAra bheda batalAye gaye haiN| sabhI dravyoMke mataM aura amurtake bhedase do bheda batalAkara unakA svarUpAMkana kiyA hai / karmarUpa pariNata honevAlI karmavargaNAoMkA bhI pratipAdana kiyA zumAra aura sArasvatAcArya : 385 25

Page #404
hai / mithyAtva Adi 13 guNasthAna mI paudgalika tathA acetana haiM / deha-cetanako eka mAnanA mohakA pariNAma hai / jo indriyagocara hai, vaha saba AtmabAhya hai / jIva kabhI karmarUpa aura karma kabhI jovarUpa nahIM hotA hai / tRtIya adhikAroM sAcana-kAralI sulUga atizayokA nirUpa varNana AyA hai| nizcaya aura vyavahAranayakI dRSTise AtmA aura karmake kartRtva aura bhoktRtvapara prakAza DAlA gayA hai| ekako upAdAnarUpase dUsarekA kartA mAnane tathA ekake karmaphalakA dUsareko bhokA mAnanepara, jo Apatti prastuta hotI hai, use darzAyA hai / kaSAyasrotase bAyA humA karma ho jIvameM sthita hotA hai| tadanantara pAhI jIva karmasaMtati hetu indriyajanya sukha, karmoM ke Asavabandhake kAraNa AdikA kathana kiyA hai| ___ caturdha adhikArameM bandhakA lakSaNa likhakara use jIvako parAdhInatAkA kAraNa batAyA hai| bandhake prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ina cAroM bhedoMkA nirdeza karate hae kauna jova karma bAMdhatA hai kona nahIM bAMdhatA, isakA sodAharaNa spaSTokaraNa kiyA hai| isI prakAra rAgI, vItarAgI, jhAnI aura ajJAnIke karmabandhake hone na honekA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| jJAnI jAnatA hai, ajJAnI vedatA hai / isalie eka abandhaka aura dUsarA bandhaka hotA hai| para dravyagata doSase koI vItarAgI bandhako prApta nahIM karatA / / __ paJcama adhikArameM saMvarakA lakSaNa batalAkara dravya-bhAvake bhedase usake do bheda batalAye haiM / kaSAyoMke nirodhako bhAvasaMvara aura kaSAyoMkA niroSa honepara dravyakoMke Asravavicchedako dravyasaMvara batalAyA hai| kaSAya aura dravyakarma donoMke abhAvase pUrNa zuddhi prApta hotI hai / isa prakAra isa adhikArameM saMvarakA vistArapUrvaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha adhikArameM nirjarAtattvakA kathana AyA hai| nirjarAkI niyuktike pazcAt usake pAkajA aura apAkajA do bheda batalAye haiN| saMvarake binA nirjarA akAryakArI haiM / dhyAna aura tapa dvArA yogI karmo ko nirjarA karatA hai aura karmamalako dho DAlatA hai| __ saptama adhikArameM mokSatattvakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / AtmA zuddhAtmAke dhyAna binA mohAdidoSoMkA nAza nahIM kara pAtA / dhyAnavajase karmagranyakA chedana sambhava hai / isI adhikArameM jIvake zuddha aura azuddha ina do bhedoMkA kathana bhI AyA hai / kamase yukta saMsArI jIva azuddha hai aura karmarahita mukta jIva zuddha hai / zuddha jIvako 'apunabhaMda' kahaneke hetukA nirdeza kiyA hai| sAtha hI muktimeM AtmA kisa rUpameM nivAsa karatI hai, yaha bhI batalAyA hai| dhyAna 386 : tIrthakA mahAra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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* vidhise karmoM kA unmUlana hotA hai, ataeva dhyAnakI mahimAkA varNana kiyA gayA hai | dhyAnako bAhyasAmagrI ke sAtha dhyAnaprAptike lie buddhikA Agama, anumAna aura dhyAnAbhyAsarasase saMzodhana Avazyaka batalAyA hai / isa prakAra isa adhikArameM dhyAnakI vibhinna sthitiyoM kA nirUpaNa AyA hai| aSTama adhikAra meM cAritrakA nirUpaNa hai / isameM bhramaNa bananekI yogyatA aura AvazyakatA para prakAza DAlate hue zramaNoMke 28 mUlaguNoMke nAma diye gaye haiM, jinakA yogI niSpramAda rUpase pAlana karatA hai| jo inake pAlana karane meM pramAda karatA hai, usa yogIko chedopasthApaka kahA hai | zramaNoMke do bheda batalAye haiM, sUri aura niryApaka / ina donoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa adhikAra meM zramaNoM kI svIkAkaraNa AA he / navama adhikArameM muktAtmAkI sadAnandarUpa sthitikA ullekha karate hue cetanasvabhAvakI avinazvaratApara prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yogoke yogakA lakSaNa batalAkara yogase utpanna sukhakI viziSTatA, sukha-duHkhakA saMkSipta lakSaNa aura usa lakSaNakI dRSTise puNya se utpanna honevAle bhogoM kI bhI duHkharUpa nirdiSTa kiyA hai / saMsArake viSayabhogoMkI nissAratA tathA bhoktAkI sthitikA vivecana kiyA hai| bhoga saMsArase saccI virakti kaba prApta hotI hai aura nirvANatattvameM paramabhakti kisa prakAra upalabdha hotI hai, ise bhI batalAyA hai / isa prakAra isa grantha meM Atmopalabdhike sAdhana, viSayabhogoMko asthiratA aura dhyAnakI mahattApara prakAza DAlA gayA hai| I yogasambandhI granthoM meM isa yogasAraprAbhRtakA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / niHmandeha yogake adhyayana, manana aura cintanake lie yaha nitAnta upAdeya hai / amitagati dvitIya I AcArya amitagati dvitIya bhI prathitayaza sArasvatAcArya hai / ye mAthura saMghake AcArya the / darzanasArake kartA devasenane apane 'darzanasAra' meM mAthura saMghako jainAbhAsoM meM parigaNita kiyA hai| ise niH picchika bhI kahA gayA hai, kyoMki isa saMghake muni mayUrapiccha nahIM rakhate the / yaha saMgha kASThAsaMghakI eka zAkhA hai / isa saMghakI utpatti vIrasenake ziSya kumArasena dvArA huI hai / amitagati dvitIyane apanI dharmaparIkSA meM, jo prazasti aMkita kI hai, usase inakI guruparamparApara prakAza par3atA hai vIrasena, inake ziSya devasena, devasena ke ziSya amitagati prathama, inake zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 387

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ziSya nemiSeNa nemiSeNake ziSya mAdhavasena aura mAdhavasenake ziSya amitagati 1 hue| amitagatiko ziSyaparamparAkA parijJAna amarakIrtike 'chakkammovaesa' se bhI hotA hai| isa granthake anusAra amitagati, zAntiSeNa, amarasena, zrIsena, candrakIti aura candrakItike ziSya amarakIrti hue haiN| inakI guru-ziSyaparamparA nimna prakAra jJAtavya hai (amitamati dvitIyakI dharmaparIkSAnusAra) vIrasena devasena yogasAra prAbhRtakAra amitagati ( prathama ) nemiSeNa I mAyasena dharmaparIkSAdikAra amitagati (dvitIya) } ( amarakIrti 'movata' ke anusAra) zAntiSeNa 1 amarasena I zrIsena 1 candrakIrti T 'chakka mobaesa' ke kartA amarakIrti zrI paNDita vizvezvaranAtha' revane amitagati dvitIyako vAkpatirAja muJjakI sabhAke eka ratnake rUpameM svIkAra kiyA hai / amitagati bahuzruta the / unhoMne vividha viSayoMpara granthoMkA nirmANa kiyA hai / kAvya, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, AAcAraprabhRti aneka viSayoMke vidvAn the / inhoMne paJcasaMgrahakI racanA masUtikApura meM kI thI / yaha sthAna bArase sAta kosa dUra masIdakilodA nAmaka gA~va batAyA jAtA hai / - 1. bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza, prathama bhAga, prakAzaka hindI grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya bambaI, san 1920 pR0 101 / 388 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

Page #407
samaya- vicAra zrI vizvezvaranAtha reune likhA hai "amitagatine vikrama saM0 1050 ( I0 san 993) meM rAjA muMjake rAjyakAla meM subhASitaratnasaMdohanAmaka grantha banAyA aura vi0 saM0 1070 ( I0 1013 ) meM dharmaparIkSAnAmaka granthakI racanA kI / inake gurukA nAma mAdhavasena thA" / 'subhASita ratna saMdoha ko prazastimeM racanAkAlakA nirdeza nimna prakAra hai"samArUDhe pUtridazavati vikramanRpe sahasra varSANAM prabhavati hi paMcAzadadhike / samApte paMcabhyAmavati dharaNoM muMjanRpatI sita pakSe paudhe budhahitamidaM zAstrama nadham // arthAt vi0 saM0 1050 pauSa zuklA paJcamIko muMja rAjAke rAjyakAlameM yaha nirdoSa zAstra pUrNa huA / dharmaparIkSAkA racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1070 aura saMskRtapaJcasaMgrahakA vi0 saM0 2073 haiN| paMcasaMgrahako prazasti meM likhA hai - trisaptatyadhike'dAnAM sahasre zakavidviSaH / masUtikApure jAtamidaM zAstraM manAramam // arthAt vi0 saM0 1073 meM, jabaki muMjake rAjyapaTTapara bhoja AsIna huA, yaha grantha likhA gayA / ataeva spaSTa hai ki amitagatikA samaya vi0 saM0kI 11vIM zatAbdi hai / racanAe~ amitagatiko aneka racanAeM mAnI jAtI haiN| para jinheM nirvivAdarUpase amitagatiko racanA mAnA gayA hai unake nAma nimnalikhita hai 1. subhASita ratnasaMdoha 2. dharmaparIkSA 3. upAsakAcAra 4. paJcasaMgraha 5. ArAdhanA 6. bhAvanAdvAtriMzatikA 1. bhAratake prAcIna rAjavaMza, prathama bhAga, hindI grantharatnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, san 1930 pu0 106 / 2. subhASita ratna saMdoha paca 922 / 3. paJcasaMgraha, antima prazasti, pR0 239, padya 6 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya: 389

Page #408
7. candra-prajJapti 8. sAddhadvayadvIpa-prajJapti 9. vyAkhyA-prazapti 1. subhASitaratnasaMvoha subhASitaratnasaMdoha kAvyameM subhASitarUpI ratnoMkA bhaNDAra nibaddha hai| isameM 922 paJca haiM / kavine sAMsArika liyanirAkara, gAra gAhAra. nirAkaraNa, indriya-nigrahopadeza, strI-guNa-doSa, kopa-lobha-nirAkaraNa, sadasadsvarUpanirUpaNa, jJAnanirUpaNa, cAritranirUpaNa, jAtinirUpaNa, jarA-nirUpaNa, mRtyu-sAmAnyanityatA-deva-jaThara-jIva-sambodhana-durjana-sajjanadAna-madyaniSedha-mAMsaniSedha-madhuniSedha - kAmaniSedha - vezyAsaMga-cUta-AtmasvarUpa gurusvarUpa-dharma-zoka-zauca-zrAvakadharma aura dvAdavidha tapazcaraNa isa prakAra battIsa viSayoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kavine apane subhASitoMkA uddezya batalAte hue likhA hai-- janayati mudamantabhavyapAthokahANAM, harati timirarAzi yA prabhA mAnavIva / kRsanikhilapadArthadyotanA bhAratIddhA vitaratu yutadoSA so'haMti bhAratI vaH' / arthAt jisa prakAra sUryako kiraNeM andhakArakA nAza kara samasta padArthoMko prakAzita karatI haiM aura kamaloMko vikasita karatI haiM, usI prakAra ye subhASita ghetana-acetanaviSayaka ajJAnako dUra kara bhaktoMke-sahRdayoM ke cittako prasanna karate haiN| kavine utprekSAdvArA vRddhAvasthAkA kitanA sajIva aura sAGgopAGga citraNa kiyA hai / kAvya kalAko dRSTise yaha citraNa ramaNIya haiprabalapavanApAtadhvastapradIpazistropamai ralamalanicayaiH kAmodbhUtaiH sukhaiviSasaMnibhaiH / samaparicitairduHkhaprAptaH satAmatininditai-- riti kRtamanAH zaGka vRddhaH prakampayate krau|| arthAt vRddhAvasthAmeM jo hAtha kAMpate haiM, ve yaha prakaTa karate haiM ki yuvAvasthAmeM jo kAmajanya sukha bhoge the ve viSatulya hAnikAraka sijJa hue / A~dhIke vegase zAnta kI gayI dIpakakI lauMke samAna kSaNa-vidhvaMsI aura atyanta duHkha1. subhASitaratnasaMdoha, padya 1 / 2. vahI, padya 270 / 390 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

Page #409
kAraka ina viSayabhogoMkI sajjanoMne pahale nindA kI thI, vaha nindA, nindA nahIM hai, yathArtha hai| ukta padyameM hAthoMke kAMpanepara kavi dvArA kI gayI kalpanA sahRdayoMko apanI ora AkRSTa karatI hai / ukti-vaicitrya bhI yahA~ nihita hai| madirAko upamA dekara vRddhAvasthAkA jIvanta citraNa kiyA hai| yaha upamA zleSamUlaka hai| vizeSaNa jarA aura madirA donoM pakSoMmeM samAnarUpaseghaTita hote haiM / yathA calayati tanuM dAleprati kazi zarIre; racayati balAdavyaktIkti tanoti gatikSitim / janayati janenudhAM nindAmanarthaparamparA harati surabhigandhaM dehAjjarA madirA yathA' / / jisa prakAra madirA-pAna zarIrako asta-vyasta kara detA hai, A~kheM ghUmane lagatI haiM, mahase asphuTa vacana nikalate haiM, calane meM bAdhA hotI hai, logoM meM nindAkA pAtra bana jAtA hai evaM zarIrase durgandhi nikalatI hai---usI prakAra vRddhAvasthA zarIrako kaMpA deto hai, netroMkI jyoti ghaTa jAtI hai, dAMta TUTa jAnese muMhase asphuTa dhvani nikalatI hai, calane meM kaSTa hotA hai, zarorase durgandhi nikalatI aura nAnA prakArako avahelanA honese nindA hotI hai / isa prakAra kavine madirApAnako sthitise vRddhAvasthAkI tulanA kI hai| isa subhASita kAvyameM nArIkI sarvatra prazaMsA kI gayI hai| kavi nArIko zreSTharattakA rUpaka dekara usake guNoMkA udghATana karatA huA kahatA haiyatkAmAti dhunIte sukhamupacinute prItimAviSkaroti satpAtrAhAradAnaprabhavavaravRSasyAstadoSasya hetuH / vaMzAbhyuddhArakartubhavati tanubhuvaH kAraNaM kAntakIti statsarvAbhISTadAtrI prakdata na kathaM prAya'te strIsuratnam // arthAt strI vAsanA zAnta karatI hai, parama sukha detI hai, apanA prema prakaTa karatI hai, satpAtrako AhAradAna dene meM sahAyatA karatI hai, vaMzoddhAra karanevAle putrako janma detI hai| nArI-zreSTha-ratna samasta manorathoMko pUrNa karane meM samartha hai / kaci kahatA hai ki svalpajJAnI bakula aura azoka vRkSa jaba nArIkA sammAna karate haiM usake sAnidhyase prasanna ho jAte haiM, taba manuSyakI 1. subhASika, paca 271 / 2. vahIM, padya 109 / zruvaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 391

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bAta hI kyA / jo puruSa nArIkA parityAga kara detA hai, vaha bar3a vRkSoMse mI hIna hai, viveka-zUnya hai| kAraNamAlAlaGkArakI yojanA karate hue jJAnakA mahattva pradarzita kiyA hai zAnaM vinA nAstyahitAnnivRttistataH pravRttinaM hite janAnAm / tato na pUrvAjitakarmanAzastato na saukhyaM labhate'pyabhISTam // arthAt jJAnake binA manuSyako ahitase nivRtti nahIM hotI hai aura ahitako nivRtti na honese hitakArya meM pravRtti nahIM hotii| hitakAryameM pravRtti na honese pUrvopArjita karmoMkA nAza nahIM hotA aura pUrvopArjita karmake nAza na honese abhISTa mokSa-sukha nahIM miltaa| kaSAyakA sadabhAva hI caritrakA asadbhAva hai / kaSAyako jitane rUpameM kamI hone lagatI hai utane hI rUpa meM caritrakA vikAsa hone lagatA hai / kavine saMsAra, kaSAya aura caritra ina tInoMko vyAkhyA bar3e hI sundara rUpameM kI hai| zokAbhibhUta vyaktiko avasthAkA citraNa karatA huvA kavi kahatA hai vitanoti vaca: karuNaM vimanA vidhanauti karau ca raNau ca bhUzAm / ramate na gRhe na vane na jane puruSa: kurute na kimatra zucAra zokake kAraNa vyakti nimanaska ho jAtA hai, dona vacana bolatA hai, hAtha-pairoMko paTakatA hai aura ghara-bAhara svajanoM evaM parijanoMke bIca kahIM bhI zAntilAbha prApta nahIM karatA / zokake kAraNa manuSyako sthiti bahuta vicitra ho jAtI hai / kavi dvArA aGkita citra bahuta hI sajIva hai| ataeva saMsArako yathArtha sthitikA citraNa karatA huA kavi kahatA hai svajano'nyajanaH kurute na sukhaM na dhanaM na vRSo viSayo na bhavet / vimateH svahitasya zucA bhavinaH stutimasya na koSikaroti budhaH / / zokase vihvalacitta puruSa svahitase vaMcita rahatA hai / ata: vaha na to svajanoMse sukha prApta karatA hai aura na parijanoMke sambandhase ho Anandita hotA 1. subhASi0, padya 198 / 2. vahI, padya 713 / 3. vahI, padya 716 / 392 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AdhArya-paramparA

Page #411
hai, na dhanase hI kisI prakArako zAnti prApta karatA hai aura na kisI dharmadhyAnakA AcaraNa kara pAtA hai aura na handriyaviSayakA sevana hI kara pAtA hai / kavi zoka-tyAgake lie punaH jora detA huA kahatA hai yadi rakSaNamanyajanasya bhavedyadi ko'pi karoti budhaH stavanaM / yadi kiJcana saukhyamatha svatanayIryadi kaJcana tasya guNo bhvti|| yadi vA''gamanaM kurute'tra mRtaH saguNaM bhuvi zocanamasya tadA / viguNaM vimanA bahu zocati yo viguNAM sa dazAM labhate manujaH / / yadi zoka karanese anya vyaktikI rakSA ho jAga yA zoka karanevAla vyaktiko loga prazaMsA kare athavA zoka karanese zarIrako sukha prApta ho yA zoka karanese mata prANi jovita ho jAya, tabhI zoka karanA ucita kahA jaaygaa| zoka karanese koI bhI guNa to prApta nahIM hotA hai balki zoka karanese zreSTha guNoMkA vinAza ho jAtA hai / ataeva zoka karanA nirarthaka hai| isa granthameM AdhyAtmika AcArAtmaka aura naitika tathyoMkI abhivyaMjanA subhASitoM dvArA kI gayI hai| 2. dharmaparIkSA saMskRta-sAhityameM vyaMgyapradhAna yaha apane laMgakI adbhuta racanA hai / isameM paurANika UTapaTAMga kathAoM aura mAnyatAoMko bar3e hI manoraJjakarUpameM avizvasanIya siddha kiyA hai / sathyoMkI abhivyaJjanAke lie kathAnakoMkA Azraya liyA gayA hai| isa granthameM nimnalikhita mAnyatAoMkI samIkSA kathAoM dvArA kI gayI hai 1. sRSTi-utpattivAda 2. sRSTi-pralayavAda 3. trideva-brahmA, viSNu aura maheza sambandhI bhrAnta dhAraNAeM 4. andha-vizvAsa 5. asvAbhAvika mAnyatAeM-agnikA vIryapAna, tilottamAkI utpatti 6. jAtivAda-sambhrAnta jAtimeM utpanna honekA ahaGkAra 7. RSiyoMke sambandhameM asambhava aura asaMgata mAnyatAeM 8. amAnavIya tatva 9. avizvasanIya aura abuddhisaMgata paurANika upAkhyAna 1. subhASi0, padya 718, 719 / zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 393

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yadyapi isa granthakA AdhAra haribhadrakA bUtakhyAna hai, para kavine svecchayA kathAvastu meM parivartana bhI kiyA hai| saMskRtakAvyameM isa koTike vyaMgyapradhAna - kAvyoMkA prAyaH abhAva hai / isa granthakI kathAoMkI zailI AkramaNAtmaka nahIM hai, sujhAvAtmaka hai / vyaMgya aura saMketoMke AdhArapara asambhava evaM managaDhanta bAtoMkA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 3. upAsakAcAra yaha amitagati-zrAvakAcArake nAmase prasiddha hai| upalabdha zrAvakAcAroMmeM yaha bahuta vizada, sugama aura vistRta hai| isameM 1352 padya aura 15 adhyAya haiM / anta meM guruparamparA to pAyI jAtI hai, para racanA - kAla nirdiSTa nahIM hai / mithyAtva aura samyaktvakA antara, saptatastva, aSTamUlaguNa, dvAdazavrata aura unake aticAra, sAmAyikAdi SaT Avazyaka, dAna, pUjA, upavAsa evaM 12 bhAvanAoMkA suvistRta varNana AyA hai| ani adhyAyameM coMmeM kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna, dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna- phala - ina cAroMkA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / 4. ArAdhanA zivAryakRta prAkRta ArAdhanAkA yaha saMskRta rUpAntara hai / kavine isa rUpAntarako cAra mahIne meM pUrNa kiyA hai| isameM darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapaina cAroM ArAdhanAoMkA prAkRta ArAdhanAke samAna hI varNana kiyA hai / prasaMgavaza jainadhamaMke prAyaH samasta prameya isameM samAviSTa hai / prazasti meM devasena se lekara amitagati takakI guruparamparA bhI dI gayI hai / 5. bhAvanA dvAtriMzatikA 32 padyoMkA yaha choTA-sA prakaraNa hai / saMsArake padArthoMse pRthak anubhavakara Atmazuddhiko bhAvanA vyakta kI gayI hai / hRdayako pavitra banAneke lie yaha eka acchA kAvya hai / isake par3hanese pavitra aura ucca bhAvanAoMkA saJcAra hotA hai / prArambha meM hI prANI mAtra ke sAtha maitrIko bhAvanA prakaTa karate hue likhA hai sattveSu maitrIM guNiSu pramodaM kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpAparatvam / mAdhyasthyabhAvaM viparItavRttau sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva // ' kavine isameM parapadArthoM se bhinna AtmAnubhUti karate hue apane dvArA kiye 1. dvAtriMzatikA prathama padya, yaha grantha mANikacandra granthamAlAmeM prakAzita hai, sAtha hI kAzI se prakAzita prathama gucchakameM bhI saMgRhIta hai / 394 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

Page #413
gaye mithyAcaraNako nindA kI hai| pratyeka jIvAtmA pramAda aura kaSAyake yoga se nAnA prakArake kadAcArakA sevana karatA hai / itastataH bhramaNa karanevAle ekaindriyAdi jIvoMkI virAdhanA karatA hai aura dvIndriyAdi trasajIvoMko bhI kaSTa pahu~cAtA hai| isake lie use apanI nindA Adike dvArA prAyazcitta karanA cAhie / kavine ArAdhya devakI bar3e hI sundararUpameM stuti kI hai| yaha ArAdhya vItarAgI, hitopadezI aura sarvajJa hI ho sakatA hai| kavi usakI stuti karatA huA kahatA hai yaH smayaMte sarvamunIndrabundeyaH stUyate sarvanarAmarendraH / yo gIyate vedapurANazAstraH sa devadeva) hRdaye mamAstAm // yo darzanAnasukhasvA rAmasthAMsAravikArabAhyaH / samAdhigamyaH paramAtmasaMjJaH sa devadevo hRdaye mamAstAm // niSUdate yo bhavaduHkhajAlaM nirIkSate yo jagadantarAlaM / yo'ntargata yoginirIkSaNIyaH sa devadevI hRdaye mamAstAm // vimukimA pratipAdako yo yo janmamRtyuvyasanAdyatItaH / trilokalokI vikalokalaGkaH sa devadevI hRdaye mamAstAm || koDIkRtAzeSazarIrivargA rAgAdayo yasya na santi doSAH / nirindriyo jJAnamayo'napAyaH sa devadevo hRdaye mamAstAm // yo vyApako vizvajanInavRtteH siddho vibuDho dhutakarmabandhaH / dhyAto dhunIte sakalaM vikAraM sa devadevo hRdaye mamAstAm // yaha choTA-sA grantha atyanta sarasa aura hRdayako pAvana karanevAlA hai / paramAtmAkA svarUpa isameM nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai aura usI paramAtmAko stuti kI gayI hai / 6. saMgraha (saMskRta) yaha paJcasaMgraha prAkRtapaJcasaMgrahake samAna pA~ca prakaraNoMmeM vibhakta hai / jIvasamAsa, prakRtistava, karmabandhastava, zataka aura saptati / prathama prakaraNa meM 353 padya, dvittIya 48, tRtIya meM 106 caturtha meM 778 aura paJcamameM 90 padya haiN| kula padyoMkI saMkhyA 1375 hai / prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha ke samAna saMskRtapaMcasaMgraha meM bhI padyoM ke sAtha gadya bhI prayukta milatA hai| yaha prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahakA rUpAntara honepara bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se viziSTa hai / jahA~ prAkRtameM do gAthAoMmeM bAta kahI gayI hai, vahA~ 1. dvAtriMza0 padya 12-17 / 7 taghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 395

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saMskRtapaMcasaMgrahameM eka hI padyameM usI tathyameM sanniviSTa kara diyA gayA hai aura jahA~ eka padya tathya kahA gayA hai use do yA adhika padyoMmeM bhI kahA gayA hai / amitagatiko yaha racanA atyanta sarala aura madhura hai / kahIM-kahIM anya granthoMse AdhAra grahaNakara naye padya bhI likhe gaye haiM / ataH prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahako apekSA yaha saMskRta paMcasaMgraha kinhIM rUpoMmeM viziSTa hai / prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahake prathama prakaraNameM vedamAgaMNAke antargata dravyaveda aura bhAvavedako apekSAse jIvoMkI sadazatA aura visadazatAkA varNana karanevAlI do gAthAeM AyI haiN| inake sthAnapara amitagatine saMskRtapadyasaMgrahameM eka hI padya racA hai / yathAprAkRtapaMcasaMgraha tibveda eva sabve vi jIvA diTThA hu danvabhAvAdo / te ceva hu vivarIyA saMbhavaMti jahAphama sabve // 102 // itthI purasi saMsaya kyA khalu dava-bhAvado hoti / / te ceva ya vivarIyA hati sabve jahAkamaso // 104 // saMskRtapaMcasaMgraha strIpunnapuMsakA jIvA: sadRzAH dravya-bhAvataH / jAyante visadRkSAzca karmapAkaniyantritAH // 192 // prAkRtapaJcasaMgraha chahabba-Navapayatthe davAicanviheNa jANate / vaMditA arahate jIvassa parUvaNaM vocchaM / / 1 // saMskRtapazcasaMgraha ye SaT dravyANi budhyate dravyakSetrAdibhedataH / jinezAstAstriyA natvA kariSye jIvarUpaNam // 3 // prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha guNa jIvA pajjattI pANA saNNA ya maggaNAo ya / uvaogo vi ya kamaso vIsaM tu parUvaNA bhaNiyA / / 2 / / saMskRtapaMcasaMgraha vijJAtavyA guNA jIvAH prANaparyAptimArgaNAH / upayogA budhaiH saMjJA vizatirjIvarUpaNAH // 11 // prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha behiM du lakkhijjate udayAdisu saMbhavehiM bhAvahiM / jIvA te guNasaNNA NihiTThA savvadarisIhiM // 3 / / 396 : tIrthakara mahAbIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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saMskRta paMsasaMgraha jIvA yeravabudhyante bhAverauda dhikAdibhiH / guNAguNasvarUpajJeratra te gaditA guNAH // 12 // amitagati paJcasaMgrahakA vaiziSTaca prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahako apekSA saMskRtapaJcasaMgraha meM kaI vizeSatAeM haiN| ina vizeSatAoMko hama nimnalikhita vargoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM 1. saMkSepIkaraNa, 2. pallavana, 3. viSayoMkA prakArAntarase saMyojana | uparyukta vizeSatAoMke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana apekSita hai / jIvasamAsa nAmaka prathama prakaraNameM caudaha guNasthAnoM aura giddhoMkA kana karaneke bAda kisa guNasthAnameM kauna bhAva hotA hai, isakA viveSava kiyA hai / anantara caudah guNasthAnoMmeM rahanevAle jIvoMkI saMkhyAkA nigaNa AyA hai / yaha kathana gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 11-14 tathA 622-63 : meM kiyA gayA hai / saMskRta paMcasaMgraha meM isase bhI kucha vizeSa kathana AyA hai| amitagatine jIvadvANa ke dravyapramANAnugamakI ghavalATIkAse ukta viSaya grahaNa kiyA gayA hai | isI prakAra yoganirUpaNa ke anta meM padya 181 - 185 taka vigrahagati AdimeM zarIroMkA kathana AyA hai / yaha kathana prAkRtapaJcasaMgrahako apekSA viziSTa hai / isI taraha vedamArgaMNAke kathana ke antameM padya 193 - 202 meM vedavaiSamyake navabhaMgoM kA vivecana tathA strIveda Adike cihnoMkA kathana bhI prAkRtapaMcasaMgako apekSA viziSTa hai / jJAnamArgaNAMke nirUpaNa meM bhI kaI vizeSatAe~ AyI haiM / ina sandarbhoM meM prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahakA AdhAra na grahaNakara tattvArthavArtikakA AdhAra grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / matijJAnake 288, 336 aura 384 bheda Aye haiM tathA zrutapUrvaka zrutakA bhI samarthana kiyA gayA hai | avadhijJAnake lakSaNoM aura cihnoMkA kathana tattvArthavArtikake anusAra AyA haiM / prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha meM lezyAkA kathana prathama prakaraNa meM do sthaloMpara AyA hai, para saMskRtapaJcasaMgraha meM amitagatine ise eka hI sthAnapara nibaddha kara diyA hai| rUpAntaroMmeM bhI maulikatAkA kaI jagaha samAveza kiyA hai| yahA~ eka udaraharaNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai- bhando pacidio saNI jovo pajjattao tahA / kAlalAi saMjutto sammataM paDivajjae ||1|158| zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 397

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amitagatine isakA rUpAntara nimna prakAra kiyA hai pUrNapaMcendriyaH saMjI labdhakAlAdilabdhikaH / samyaktvagrahaNe yogyo bhanyo bhavati zuddhadhIH // 286 // arthAt saMjJI paMcendriya jIva kAlAdilabdhikI prApti honepara samyaktva grahaNa karane yogya hotA hai| amitagatine yahA~ labdhiyoMkA varNana bhI vistArapUrvaka kiyA hai aura tattvArthavAtikake navama adhyAyake prathama sUtrase bahuta-sA gadyAMza jyoM-kA-tyoM le liyA hai| samyaktvake bheda-prabhedoMkA vivecana bhI vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai, jo prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahameM prApta nahIM hai| isI sandarbha meM mithyAtvakA kathana karate hue 363 matoMko utpatti do gayI hai, jo karmakANDake anurUpa hai| prathama adhyAyake atirika anya samAyoke meM bhI yazataH vaiziSTaya daSTigocara hotA hai| caturtha adhyAyameM 9veM guNasthAna meM honevAle pratyayoMkA kathana prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahameM AyA hai| yathA saMjalaNa-tivedANaM NavajogANaM ca hoi eyadaraM / saMDhaNaduvedANaM eyadaraM purisavedo ya 1 / 4 / 201 // -jJAnapITha saMskaraNa / arthAt naveM gaNasthAnake saveda bhAgameM cAra saMjvalana kaSAyameMse eka, tIna vedoMmeMse eka aura nau vedoM se eka hotA hai / napusakavedakI udayavyucchitti ho jAnepara do vedoM meM se eka vedakA udaya hotA hai aura strIvedakI udaya. cchitti ho jAnepara eka puruSavedakA udaya hotA hai| ataH 443 49% 108, 44249 = 72 aura 44149-36 bhaMga hote haiM aura kula bhaMga 108 + 72 + 36 = 216 ye bhaMga saveda bhAgake hue / avedabhAgameM bhaMgoMkA krama nimnaprakAra hai cadusaMjalaNaNavaNhaM jogANaM hoi eyadara do te / kohaNamANabajja mAyArahiyANa egadaragaM vA // 4 // 20 // -jJAnapITha saMskaraNa arthAt avedabhAgameM cAra svaMjalana kaSAyoM se ekakA, tathA nau yogoMmeMse ekakA udaya hotA hai| krodhakI udayavya cchipti ho jAnepara tIna kaSAyoMmeMse ekakA udaya hotA hai| mAnakI vyacchitti ho jAnepara do kaSAyoMmeMse ekakA udaya aura mAyAko vyucchitti ho jAnepara kevala lobha kaSAyakA udaya hotA hai| no yogoMmeMse eka yogakA udaya sarvatra rahatA hai / ataeva 44149 - 36, 34149 - 27, 24145 = 18 aura 1x149 = 9 isa prakAra 398 : toyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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avedabhAgake kula bhaMga 36 + 27 + 18 +9 - 10 / saveda aura aveda bhAgake kula bhaMga 216 +90 = 306 / amitagatine saMskRtapaJcamaMgraha meM naveM gaNasthAnake aveda bhAgameM cAra kaSAya aura 9 yogoMmeMse eka-ekake udayakI apekSA 449, == 36 bhaMga batAye haiM jaghanyo pratyayo jJeyo dvAbavedAnivRttike / saMjvAleSu catuSkI yAMgAnA naveka paraH / 4 / 6 / / 141 bhaMga = 49 anyonyAbhyasta karanepara 4:53 49 = 108. saveda bhAga 1 yahA~ 4 kaSAya, 3 veda aura 2 yogoMmeMse eka-eka yogakA udaya hotA hai| aveda bhAmameM kaSAyavedayogAnAmaikaikagrahaNe sati / anivRtteH savedasya prakRSTAH pratyayAstrayaH ||4/67|| 413/9 anyonyAbhyasta karanepara 10H hote haiN| isa prakAra anivRttikaraNa guNasthAnake savedabhAga aura avedabhAgameM 144 bhaMga yogako apekSA mohanIyake udayasthAna batalAye gaye haiN| prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahameM bhI itane hI bhaMga liye haiN| gognaTasAra karmakANDameM bhI 144 hI bhaMgasaMkhyA AyI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki amitagatine sarvasammata 144 bhedoMko hI mAnyatA dI hai, zeSa bhaMgoMkA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| paJcama adhyAyameM bhI kaI vizeSatAeM pAyI jAtI haiN| prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahameM manuSyatimeM nAmakarmake 2609 bhaMga batalAye haiM, para saMskRta patrasaMgrahameM 2668 bhaMga Aye haiN| yahA~ 2609 bhaMgoMmeM sayogakevaloke 59 bhaMga aura jor3e gaye haiM / isaprakArake jor3anekI prakriyA prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahameM nahIM milatI hai| prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha aura saMskRtapaJcasaMgrahameM yogako apekSA guNasthAnoMmeM mohanIyakarmake udayasthAnoMke bhaga 13209 batalAye haiM aura karma-kANDameM chaThe 12953 bhaMga Aye haiN| isa antarakA kAraNa yaha hai ki karmakANDameM chaThe gaNasthAnameM AhArakakA udaya strIveda aura napuMsakavedake udayameM nahIM mAnA gayA hai| ata: chaThe guNasthAnameM paJcasaMgrahakI apekSA 2152 bhaMga hote haiM aura karmakANDakI apekSA 1856 bhaMga hote haiM / isa prakAra 256 bhaMgakA antara par3atA hai| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki amitagatime prathama adhyAyake 343veM padya dvArA isa bAtako svIkAra kiyA hai ki AhArakaRddhi, parihAra vizuddhi, tIrthaMkaraprakRtikA udaya aura manaHparyayajJAna ye strIveda aura napuMsakavedake udayameM nahIM hote | zrutadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 399

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viSaya- paricaya prathama prakaraNa jIvasamAsa hai / isameM guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, caudaha mArgaNA aura upayoga ina 20 prarUpaNAoM dvArA jIvoMkI vividha dazAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ! moha aura yogake nimittase honevAle jIvoMke pariNAmoMke tAratamyarUpa kramavikasita sthAnoM - bhAvoMko guNasthAna kahA hai / guNasthAna 14 haiM - midhyAtva, sAsAdana, samyagmithyAtva aviratasamyaktva, dezavirata, pramattavirata, apramattavirata, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSmasAmparAya, upazAntamoha, kSINamoha, sayogikevalI aura ayogikevalI / prathama prakaraNake prArambhameM hI ina guNasthAnoMkA svarUpa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dUsarI prarUpaNA jIvasamAsa hai / jina dharmavizeSoMke dvArA nAnA jIva aura nAnA prakArakI unakI jAtiyAM jAnI jAtI haiM, una dharmavizeSoMko jIvasamAsa kahate haiM / jIvasamAsake saMkSepakI apekSA 14 meda haiM aura vistArakI apekSA 21, 30, 32, 36, 38, 48, 54 aura 57 bheda haiN| prathama prakaraNameM ina samasta bhedoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana AyA hai / tIsarI paryAprirUpaNA hai / prANoMke kAraNabhUta zaktikI prAptiko paryApta kahate haiM | paryAptiyA~ chaha haiM- AhAraparyApta zarIra paryApta indriyaparyApta, davAsocchavAsaparyApti, bhASAparyApti aura manaH paryApti / ekendriyajIvake prArambhakI cAra paryAptiyA~, Dhoindriyase lekara asaMjJI paJcendriyaparyanta pA~ca paryAptiyA~ aura saMjJI paMcendriya jIvako chaha paryAptiyA~ hotI haiM / 1 cauthI prANaprarUpaNA hai / paryAptiyoMke kAryarUpa indriyAdikake utpanna honeko prANa kahate haiM / prANoMke daza bheda haiM- pA~ca indriyA~, manobala, vacanabala, kAyabala, Ayu aura zvAsocchavAsa / ekendriya jIvake sparzana indriya, kAyavala, Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa ye cAra prANa hote haiM / dvIndriyajIvake rasanendriya aura vacanabala ina do prANoM ke adhika honese chaha prANa hote haiM / trandriyajovake ghrANendriya bar3hane se sAta prANa, caturindriyajIvake cakSu indriya bar3hanese ATha prANa, asaMjJI paMcendriyajIvake karNendriya bar3hane se 9 prANa aura saMjJI pacendriyajIvake manobala bar3hane se daza prANa hote haiM / pAMcavIM saMjJAprarUpaNA hai / AhArAdikI vAJcchAko saMjJA kahate haiN| saMjJAke cAra bheda haiM-- AhArasaMjJA, bhayasaMjJA, maithunasaMjJA aura parigrahasaMjJA / cAroM saMjJAe~ sabhI saMsArI jIvoMmeM pAyI jAtI hai / 400 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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jina avasthAvizeSoM meM jIvoMkA anveSaNa kiyA jAtA hai, unheM mArgaNA kahate haiM | mArgaNAoMke caudaha bheda haiM-gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAna, saMyama, darzana, lezyA, bhavya, samyaktva, saMjI aura AhAramArgaNA | prathama prakaraNameM ina 14 mArgaNAoMkA vistArake sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai / 20vauM upayogaprarUpaNA hai| vastuke svarUpako jAnane ke lie jIvakA jo bhAva pravRtta hotA hai, use upayoga kahate haiN| upayoga do prakArakA hotA haisAkAropayoga aura nirAkAropayoga | nirAkAropayogake cAra bheda haiN|| isa prakAra prathama jIvasamAsaprakaraNameM 20 prarUpaNAoM dvArA jIvoMkI vividha dazAoMkA vistArake sAtha varNana kiyA hai| dUsarA prakaraNa prakRtisamutkIrtana nAmakA hai| isameM koMkI mUlaprakRtiyoM aura uttaraprakRtiyoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| malaprakRtiyAM ATha haiM-jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Aya, nAma, gotra aura antarAya / inakI uttara prakRtiyoM kramazaH pAMca, nau, do, aTThAIsa, ghAra, tirAnave, do aura pA~ca haiN| saba uttaraprakRttiyA~ 148 hotI haiN| inameMse bandhayogya 120 prakRtiyA~, udayayogya 122 prakRtiyAM, udvelana 11 prakRtiyA~, dhruvabandhI 47, adhravabandhI 11, vartamAna prakRtiyA~ 62 evaM sattvayogya 148 prakRtiyAM haiN| paJcasaMgrahake pA~coM prakaraNoMmeM yaha sabase choTA prakaraNa hai| karmastava nAmakA tIsarA prakaraNa hai| isake anya nAmAntara bandhastava aura kahI karmabandhastava bhI haiM / isa prakaraNameM 14 guNasthAnoMmeM baMdhanevAlI, nahIM baMdhane vAlI aura bandhavyucchittiko prApta honevAlI prakRtiyoMkA tathA satvayogya, asatvayogya aura satvase vyucchinna honevAlI prakRttiyoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| antameM cUlikAke antargata nau praznoMko uThAkara unakA samAdhAna karate hae batalAyA gayA hai ki kina prakRtiyoMkI bandhavyugchitti, udayavyucchitti aura sakhanyucchitti pahilaM, pIche yA sAthameM hotI hai| isa nau praznarUpa cUlikAmeM karmaprakRtiyoMke bandha, udaya aura sattvavyucchitti sambandhI kitanI hI jJAtavya bAteM batalAI gayI haiN| cauthe prakaraNa kA nAma zataka hai / isa prakaraNa meM 14 mArgaNAoMke AdhArase jIvasamAsa, guNasthAna, upayoga aura yogakA varNana karaneke anantara karmabandhake kAraNabhata mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga vandhapratyayoMkA vistArase varNana kiyA hai| sAtha hI mithyAtva Adi muNasthAnoMmeM jaghanya aura utkRSTa pratyayoMkI apekSA sambhava saMyogI bhaMgoMkA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| tatpazcAt zAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoke vizeSa bandhapratyayoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 401 26

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paJcama prakaraNakA nAma saptati yA saptatikA hai| ise sittarI bhI kahate haiN| isa prakaraNameM mUla karmoM aura unake avAntara medoMke bandhasthAna, udayasthAna aura stavasthAnoMkA svatantra rUpase evaM caudaha jIvasamAsa aura gaNa. sthAnoMke Azrayase bhaMgoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai / antameM kokI upazamanA aura gharaganA viveca bAvA hai| sapA aura saptatikA ina donoM hI prakaraNoMmeM bhaMgoMkA vivecana karanevAle patra prAkRtapaMcasaMgrahake tulya hI haiN| karmasiddhAntako avagata karaneke liye yaha eka acchA sAdhanagrantha hai| uparyukta granthoMke atirika laghu evaM bRhada sAmAyika pATha, jambUdvIpaprApti sArddhadvayadvIpaprApti, candraprajJapti aura vyAkhyAprApti grantha bhI inake dvArA race gaye mAne jAte haiM / sAmAyikapAThameM 120 padya haiN| isameM sAmAyikakA svarUpa, vidhi aura mahattva prasipAdita kiyA gayA hai| zeSa cAra anya babhI taka upalabdha nahIM haiN| amRtacandrasUri sArasvatAcAryoMmeM TIkAkAra amRtacandrasUrikA yahI sthAna hai, jo sthAna saMskRtakAvyaracayitAoMmeM kAlidAsake TIkAkAra mallinAthakA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki yadi mallinAtha na hote, to kAlidAsake anthoMke rahasyako samajhanA kaThina ho jaataa| usI taraha yadi amRtacandrasUri na hote, to AcArya kundakundake rahasyako samajhanA kaThina ho jaataa| ataeva kundakunda AcAryake vyAkhyAtAke rUpameM aura maulika grantharacayitAke rUpameM amRtacandrasUrikA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| nizcayataH ina AcAryako vidvattA, vAgmitA aura prAJjala zailI apratima hai / inakA paricaya kisI bhI kRtimeM prApta nahIM hotA hai, para kucha aise saMketa avazya milate haiM, jinase inake vyaktitvakA nizcaya kiyA jA sakatA hai / ____ adhyAtmika vidvAnoM meM kundakundake pazcAt yadi AdarapUrvaka kisIkA nAma liyA jA sakatA hai, to ve amRtacandrasUri hI haiN| inhoMne TokAoMke antameM jo saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai usase avagata hotA hai ki ye bar3e nispRha AdhyAsmika AcArya the| 'puruSArthasiddhayupAya' ke antameM likhA hai-- varNaH kRtAni citraH padAni tu padaiH kRtAni vAkyAni / vAkyaiH kRtaM pavitra zAstramidaM na punarasmAbhiH // 226 // arthAt nAnA prakArake varNose pada bana gaye, padoMse vAkya bana gaye aura vAkyoMse yaha pavitra zAstra bana gyaa| isameM merA kartRtva kucha bhI nahIM hai| 402 : tIyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya-paramparA

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isameM amRtacandrasuriko kitanI nispRhatA aura AdhyAtmikatA Tapaka rahI hai / ataH ve apaneko AtmabhAvoMkA hI kartA mAnate haiM, paravastukA nahIM / isase unakI AdhyAtmikatA to siddha hotI hI hai, sAtha hI ve AcArya yA munipadase vibhUSita bhI vyakta hote haiN| jIvana-paricaya paMDita AzAdharane amRtacandrasUrikA ullekha Thakkurapadake sAtha kiyA hai 'etacca vistareNa ThakkurAmRtacandrasUriviracitasamayasAradIkAyAM dRSTavyam / ' anagAradharmAmRta TIkA, pR0 588 / ___ yahA~ 'Thakkura' zabda vicAraNIya hai / ThakkurakA prayoga jAgIradAra yA jamIdAroMke lie hotA hai / haribhadrasurine apanI 'samarAiccakahA' meM ThakkUra padakA prayoga kiyA hai| yaha pada kSatriya aura brAhmaNa ina donoMke lie samAna rUpameM prayukta hotA hai| ataH yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki amRtacandrasUri kSatriya the yA brAhmaNa / itanA nizcita hai ki ve kisI sammAnita kulake vyakti the / ___ saMskRta aura prAkRta ina donoM hI bhASAoMpara inakA pUrNa adhikAra thaa| ye mUlasaMghake AcArya the| samaya-vidhAra paNDita AzAgharajIne amRtapandrasUrikA ullekha kiyA hai aura AzAgharajIkA samaya vi0 saM0 1300 hai / ataH amRtacandrasUrikA samaya vi0 saM0 1300 ke pahale honA cAhiye / amRtacandrasUrine pravacanasArako TIkAmeM cAra gAthAyeM uddhRta kI haiM / "NiddhA NiddheNa" aura "Niddhassa NiddheNa" ye do gAthAeM kramase eka sAtha uddhRta kI haiM aura 'jAvadiyA vayaNavahA' tathA 'parasamayANaM vayaNaM' Adi do gAthAeM 'taduttam' kahakara kramase eka sAtha TIkAke anta (pR0 372) meM uddhata haiN| pahalekI donoM gAthAeM gommaTasAra jIvakANDako kramazaH 612 tathA 614 saMkhyaka haiM aura dUsarI donoM gAthAe~ gommaTasAra karmakANDako 894 aura 895 saMkhyaka haiN| ina gAthAoMke sambandhameM DaoN0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki cUMki gommaTasAra karmakANDameM ve donoM gAthAeM usI kramase pAyI jAtI haiM aura unameM zAbdika samAnatA bhI hai / ataeva yaha anumAna lagAnA asaMgata nahIM hai ki amatacandrane ina gAthAoMko gommaTasAra karmakANDase liyA hai / bahuta sambhava hai ki ye donoM gAthAeM 'dhavalA' aura 'jayadhavalA' TIkAmeM bhI mila jaaeN| ina donoMmeMse 'jAvadiyA vayaNabahA' gAthA sanmatitarka (3 / 47) meM bhI pAyI jAtI hai| DaoN0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki amRtacandra siddhasenake sanmatitakase paricitta zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 403

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avazya the, para unhoMne ukta gAthA vahA~se uddhRta nahIM kI hai / isake pramukha do kAraNa haiN| pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki siddhasenakI gAthAkA rUpa mahArASTro hai jabaki amRtacandrake dvArA uddhRta gAthAe~ zaurasenImeM haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki amRtacandrane donoM gAthAoMko eka sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai jabaki siddhasenake graMthameM unameMse eka hI pAyI jAtI hai / ataH DaoN. upAdhyene amRtacandrakA samaya gommaTasAra jIvakANDa va karmakANDake kartA nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIke bAda arthAt I0 san ko dazavIM zatAbdIke lagabhaga mAnA hai| ___DaoN0 upAdhyeke abhimatako samIkSA paNDita paramAnandajIne kI hai| unakA kathana hai ki vi0 saM0 1055 meM bane hue dharmaratnAkara pratyameM AcArya amRta. candrake kucha padya uddhRta haiM, to amRtacandra vi0 kI 11 vIM zatIke pUrvArddha meM race gaye gommaTasArase kaise padya uddhRta kara sakate haiM ? pravacanasArako prastAvanA likhate samaya DaoN0 upAdhyeke sAmane dharmaralAkaravAlI bAta nahIM thii| tathA amatacandra ke dvArA pravacanasArako TIkAmeM uddhata cAroM gAthAoMmeMse prathama do gAthAeM 'SaTkhaNDAgama'kI dhavalATIkAse uddhRta kI gayI haiM, kintu dUsarI do gAthAoMmeMse prathama gAthA siddhasenake sanmatitarka meM bhI hai, para usake sAthavAlI dUsarI gAthA gommaTasAra karmakANDake atirikta anyatra nahIM miltii| ata: dharmaratnAkarameM amRtacandrake padyoMko uddhRta dekhakara yaha mAnane ke lie bAdhya honA par3atA hai ki gommaTasArameM vaha gAthA kisI anya srotase grahaNa kI gayI hai / athavA yaha bhI sambhava hai ki gommaTasArameM hI donoM ukta gAthAeM amRtacandrake pravacanasArakI TIkAse lI gayI hoM, kyoMki gommaTasAra eka saMgrahagrantha hai| yadi gommaTasArakI racanA amRtacandrake pazcAt huI hai, to nizcayata: ye donoM gAthA pravacanasArako TIkAse lI gayI haiN| ata: amatacandrakA samaya AcArya nemicandra ke pahale hai| zrI paNDita nAthUrAmajI premIne amRtacandrake sambandhameM jo nayA prakAza prApta kiyA hai usake AdhArapara unhoMne batAyA hai ki mAdhavacandrake ziSya amatacandra vihAra karate hue bA~bhaNabAr3emeM Aye / kavine ralhaNake putra siMha yA siddha nAmaka kaviko 'paJjuNNacariu' banAneko preraNA kI / usa samaya vahA~kA rAjA guhilavaMzI bhullaNa thA, jo mAlavanareza vallAlakA mANDalika thA, jisakA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 1200 ke Asa-pAsa hai| yadi isa ullekhake AdhArapara mallahadhAri mAdhavacandra ke ziSya amRtacandrako ina amatacandrase abhinna mAna liyA jAye, to amRtacandrakA samaya 11 vIM zatAbdIkA uttarArgha yA 12 vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArddha siddha hotA hai / ___ AcArya zubhacandrane apane jJAnArNavameM amRtacandra ke puruSArthasiddhayupAyakA 404 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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'midhyAtvavedarAgA' Adi padya 'uktaJca' rUpase uddhRta kiyA hai| ataeva amRtacandra, zubhacandrase bhI pUrvavartI haiM aura padmaprabha maladhAridevane zubhacandrake jJAnArNavakA eka zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / ataeva zubhacandra padmaprabhase pUrvavartI haiM / padmaprabhakA samaya vi0 kI 12 vIM zatIkA anta mAnA jAtA hai / ataH amRtacandrakA samaya isake pahale honA cAhiye / hamArA anumAna hai ki inakA samaya I0 sankI 10vIM zatAbdIkA antima bhAga hai| paTTAvalI meM amRtacandrake paTTArohaNakA samaya vi0 saM0 962 diyA hai, jo ThIka pratIta hotA hai / puruSArthaM - siddhayupAya meM jayasena ke dharmaratnAkara ke kaI padya pAye jAte haiM aura dharmaratnAkarakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1055 hai, ataeva amRtacandrakI yaha uttarasImA samaya hai / racanAe~ amRtacandrasUriko nimnalikhita racanAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM / inakI racanAoMko do koTimeM rakhA jA sakatA hai-- maulika aura TIkAgrantha / - maulika racanAe~ - 1 puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 2 tasvArthasAra, 3 samayasAra kalaza / TIkAgrantha-4 samayasAraTokA, 5 pravacanasAraTIkA, 6 paMcAstikAyaTIkA | 1. puruSArtha siddhayupAya -yaha zrAvakAcAra sambandhI grantha hai / isameM 226 padya haiN| AryAvRttameM likhA gayA hai| prArambhake ATha padyoM meM granthakI utthAnikA do gayI hai / isa utpAnikA meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayakA svarUpa, karmokA karttA aura bhokA AtmA, jIvapariNamana evaM puruSArtha siddhayupAyakA artha batalAyA gayA hai / grantha pAMca bhAgoMmeM vibhakta hai 1. samyaktva-vivecana, 2. samyakajJAnavyAkhyAna, 3, samyak cAritravyAkhyAna, 4. sallekhanAdharmavyAkhyAna, 5. sakalacAritravyAkhyAna 1 yaha AtmA jJAna, darzana, sukhasvarUpa hai, cetanAyukta hai, amUrtika hai aura sparza, gaMdha, rasa, varNase rahita hai 1 yaha anAdikAla se azuddha ho rahI hai / rAgAdirUpa bhAvakarmoMke kAraNa pudgaladravya AtmAmeM praviSTa ho karmabandharUpa pariNamana karatA hai| karmabandhakI isa prakriyAkA varNana karate hue kahA hai jIvakRtaM pariNAmaM nimittamAtraM prapadya punaranye / svayameva pariNamante'tra pudgalAH karmabhAvene // 12 // jisa samaya jIva rAga-dveSa- mobhAvarUpa pariNamana karatA hai, usa samaya una bhAvoMkA nimita pAkara pudgaladravya svataH hI karmaavasthAko dhAraNa kara lete haiN| jo prazasta rAgAdirUpa pariNamana karatA hai usake zubha karmabandha hotA hai 1. puruSArthaM si0, padya 12 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 405

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/ aura jo aprazasta rAga-dveSa-moharUpa pariNamana karatA hai usake pApabandha hotA hai / AcArya ne kamaMbandhake prati niyasakAraNa kapana bArase hue kahA hai pariNamamAnasya citazcidAtmakaH svayamapi svarbhAvaH / bhavati hi nimittamAtraM podgalika karma tasyApi // 13 // isa prakAra rAga-dveSa, karma bandhake svarUpa vizleSaNake pazcAt zrAvakadharmakA dhyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| ArambhameM ratnatrayako mokSamArga batalAkara gahasthako yathAzakti isake sevana karanepara jora diyA hai| aura batAyA hai ki samyaktvake binA gyAraha aMgaparyanta kiyA huA paThana-pAThana jJAna bhI ajJAna kahalAtA hai tathA mahAvatAdikoMko sAdhanAse antima greveyakaparyanta bandhayogya vizuddha pariNAmoMse bhI asaMyamI kahalAtA hai| parantu samyaktvasahita thor3A-sA jJAna bhI samyakazAna aura alpatyAga bhI samyakcAritra kahalAtA hai| jisa prakAra aMkarahita zUnya kucha bhI kAryasAdhaka nahIM hotA, usI prakAra samyaktvarahita jJAna aura cAritra bhI kAryasAdhaka nahIM hotaa| isa taraha samyaktvakA mahattva batalAte hue usake svarUpakA vivecana kiyA hai-- jIvAjIvAdInAM tattvArthAnAM sadaiva kattavyam / zraddhAnaM viparItAbhinivezaviviktamAtmarUpaM tat / / jIva-ajIva Adi tattvarUpa padArthoMkA viparIta Agraha rahita zraddhAna karanA samyaktva kahalAtA hai| samyaktvako paribhASAke anantara niHzaMkita, ni:kAMkSita, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTitva, upagRhana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA ina AThoM aMgoMke svarUpakA vivecana kiyA hai 1 padArthakA jo svarUpa jinAgamameM milatA hai, use yathAvat jAnanA samyagjJAna hai / samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzanameM kAryakAraNabhAvakA sambandha hai| samyagjJAna kArya hai aura samyagdarzana kAraNa / ina donoMke eka kAlameM utpanna honepara bhI dIpaka aura prakAzake samAna kArya-kAraNabhAva ghaTita hotA hai / ataeva tattvArthazraddhAna prApta karaneke anantara saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAyase rahita ho padArthoke svarUpako avagata karane ke lie pravRtta honA caahiye| granthakA jJAna ATha prakArase prApta kiyA jAtA hai-1. zabdAcAra, 2. arthAcAra, 3. / 1. puruSA0, padya 13 / 2. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, padma 22 / 406 : tIrthakara mahAbIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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ubhayAcAra, 4. kAlAcAra, 5. vinayAcAra 6. upadhAnAcAra, 7. bahumAnAcAra, 8 baninhvAcAra jJAnaprAptike ye ATha aMga haiN| tRtIya adhikArameM samyakacAritrakA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai aura sakalacAritra aura vikalacAritra kahakara munidharma aura zrAvakadharmakA vivecana kiyA hai| paMcakratoMke prasaMgameM ahiMsA, satya asteya, brahAcarya aura aparigrahakA muni evaM gRhasthakI apekSAse svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai / kaSAyase 'apane' aura 'para'ke bhAvaprANa aura dravyaprANakA ghAta karanA hiMsA hai / hiMsA aura ahiMsAkA sUkSma vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhavahiseti / teSAmevotpattihiMseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH / yuktAcaraNasya sato rAgAdyAvezamantareNApi / na hi bhavati jAtu hiMsA prANavyaparopaNAdeva / / yasmAtsakaSAyaHsanahantyAramA prthmmaatmnaatmaanm| pazcAjjAyeta na vA hiMsA prANyantarANAM' tu|| nizcayattaH rAgAdi bhAvoMkA prakaTa na honA ahiMsA hai aura rAgAdibhAvoMko utpatti honA hiMsA hai / rAgAdi bhAvoMke na rahanepara santa puruSoMke kevala prANapIr3anase hiMsA nahIM hotii| rAgAdi mAvoMke vazameM pravRtta huI ayatanAcArarUpa pramAda avasthAmeM jIva bhare athavA na mare hiMsA avazya hotI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki hiMsAzabdakA artha dhAta karanA hai| yaha bAta do prakArakA hai-eka AtmaghAta dUsarA paraghAta / jisa samaya AtmAmeM kaSAyabhAvoMko utpatti hotI hai usI samaya AtmaghAta ho jAtA hai / pazcAt yadi anya jIbakI Ayu pUrI ho gayI ho athavA pApakA udaya AyA ho, to unakA bhI ghAta ho jAtA hai / anyathA bAyukarma pUrNa na huA ho, pApakA udaya na AyA ho to kucha bhI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unakA ghAta unake kamoMke adhIna hai| parantu AtmaghAta to kaSAyoMko utpatti hote hI ho jAtA hai aura Atma tathA paraghAta donoM hI hiMsA haiM / isa prakAra rAgadi kaSAyabhAvako hiMsA batAyA hai| ina rAgAdibhAvoMke sadbhAvake kAraNa hI hiMsA na karanepara bhI hiMsAkA sadbhAva batAyA hai tathA kaI bhaMgoM dvArA hiMsA-ahiMsAkA vivecana kiyA hai| 1. eka vyakti pApa karatA hai aura aneka vyakti phala bhogate haiN| 2. aneka vyakti hiMsA karate haiM aura eka vyakti phala bhogatA hai| 1. puruSArthasidadhupAya, padya 44, 45, 47 / zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 407

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3. hiMsA karanepara bhI ahiMsaka banA rahatA hai / 4. prANaghAta na karane para bhI hiMsaka ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra aneka bhaMgoM dvArA hiMsA ke alpabahutvakA kathana kiyA gayA hai / hiMsAke kAraNa, madya, mAMsa, madhu aura paMcaudambara phaloMke tyAgakA upadeza diyA gayA hai / isa prasaMga meM madya, mAMsa, madhu aura paMcaudambara phaloMke doSoMkA bhI vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| isake pazcAt anRtakA varNana AyA hai| anRtake antargata garhita, sAkya aura avicana se sammilita hai / vahivacanoMmeM zAstraviruddha kahe jAnevAle vacanoM ko zAmila kiyA gayA hai / chedana-bhedana, mAraNa, karSaNa, vANijya, caurya Adi vacana sAvadyavacana kahalAte haiM / aratikara, bhItikara, khedakara, berakara, zokakara, kalahakara Adi santApa denevAle vacana apriyavacana kahalAte haiM / steyakA vivecana karate hue ghanake sAtha adhikAra apaharaNako bhI steya batalAyA hai / rAgAdikake Avegase maithunarUpa pravRtti karanA abrahma hai / isa abrahmake tyAgako brahmacaryavrata kahA hai| mUrchAko parigrahalakSaNa batalAkara antaraMga aura bahiraMga parigrahake bheda-prabhedoMko nirUpaNa kiyA hai / paMcatoMke pazcAt rAtribhojanatyAgakA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai / paJcavratoM kA pAlana karaneke lie sAta zIlavratoMkA pAlana karanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra parakoTA nagarakI rakSA karatA hai, usI prakAra tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata paJcanatoMkI rakSA karate haiN| guNavrata ke tIna bheda batalAye haiMdikta, dezavrata aura anarthadaNDavrata / anarthadaNDa ke apadhyAna, pApoMpadeza, pramAdacaryA, hiMsAdAna aura duHzruti ina pA~ca bhedoMkA svarUpasahita vivecana kiyA gayA hai| zikSAvata ke sAmAyika, prauSadhopavAsa, atithisaMvibhAga aura bhogopabhogaparimANa ina cAroMkA vivecana kiyA hai / caturthaM sallekhanA adhikaraNa meM saMllekhanAkA svarUpa, AvazyakatA aura usakI vidhikA varNana kiyA gayA hai| paMcama sakalacAritravyAkhyAnAdhikArameM muniyoMke vrata caritrakA varNana kiyA hai| isameM dvAdaza tapa, dazadharma dvAdaza anuprekSA, bAIsa pariSahjayakA varNana kiyA hai| isa prakAra isa laghukAya granyameM zrAvakadharmakA varNana AyA hai / 'tasvAyaMsAra + yaha grantha 9 adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai| prathama adhikAra meM 54 padya, dvitIya adhikAra 238 padya, tRttIya adhikAra meM 77 padya, caturtha adhikArameM 105 padya, 1. yaha paNDita pannAlAlajI sAhityAcArya dvArA sampAdita anUdita aura zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI ganthamAlA kAzI dvArA san 1970 meM prakAzita hai / 408 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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paMcama AMdhakArameM 54 padya, SaSTha adhikArameM 52 padya, saptama adhikArameM 60 padya, aSTama adhikArameM 55 padya aura navama adhikArameM 23 padya haiM / ina adhikAroMke nAma kramazaH nimna prakAra hai-- 1. mokSamArgAdhikAra---jIvAdhikAra 2. jIvatattvanirUpaNAdhikAra 3. ajIvAdhikAra, 4 AsravattattvAdhikAra, 5. bandhatatvAvikAra, 6. saMvaratattvAdhikAra, 7. nirjarAtattvAdhikAra, 8. mokSatattvAdhikAra, 9 upasaMhAra, isa granthako bAcAyane mokSamArgakA prakAza karanevAlA dIpaka batalAyA hai; kyoMki isameM yukti aura Agamase sunizcita samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrakA svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA hai| samyagdarzanAdikA svarUpa batalAte hue jovAditattvoMkA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ye sAta tatva batalAye haiN| inameM jIvatattva upAdeya hai aura ajIvatattva heya hai / ajIvakA jIvake sAtha sambandha kyoM hotA hai, isakA kAraNa batalAneke lie AsravakA aura ajIbakA sambandha honese jIvakI kyA dazA hotI hai, yaha batalAneke lie bandhakA kathana kiyA hai / heya-ajIvatattvakA sambandha jIvase kisa prakAra chUTa sakatA hai, yaha batalAne ke lie saMvara aura nirjarAkA kathana tathA ajIvatattvakA sambandha chaTanepara jIvakI kyA dazA hotI hai, yaha dikhalAneke lie mokSatattvakA kathana kiyA hai / ina sAta tattvoMke samyak-parijJAnake lie nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAra nikSepoMkA tathA pramANa aura nayoMkA vistArase varNana kiyA hai| prathama adhikArake yantameM nirdeza svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAna tathA sat, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpa-bahutva anuyogoMkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| dvitIya adhikArameM jIvake aupazamika, jhAyika, kSAyopamika, audAyika aura pAriNAmika ina pAMca svatattvoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai / jIvakA lakSaNa batalAneke lie upayogakA nirUpaNa pAyA hai| upayogake sAkAra aura anAkArake bhedase dI meda batalAte hue zAnopayoga aura darzanopayogakA varNana kiyA hai| zratadhara aura sArasvatAcArya / 409

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pazcAt jIvake saMsArI aura muktake bhedase do bheda kara saMsArI jIvoMkA varNana guNasthAna Adi bIsa prarUpaNAoke dvArA kiyA hai| tRtIya adhikArameM ajIvatattvakA varNana karate hue pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura jIva ina chaha dravyoMkA svarUpa, inake deza, kAla, pudgaloMke bheda, aNu aura skandhakA svarUpa, pudgala dravyako paryAeM tathA skandha bananekI prakriyAkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| caturtha adhikArameM AsravatatvakA varNana hai| karmoke AsravoMkA vistArasahita varNana kiyA hai| zubhAsravake varNanaprasaMgameM vratoMkA nirdeza AyA hai| paMcama adhikArameM bandhakA svarUpa, bandhake kAraNa aura bandhake bheda paNita haiN| isameM karmoMko mala tathA uttara prakRtiyoM ke nAma, lakSaNa tathA unakI sthiti AdikA kathana kiyA hai| SaSTha adhikArameM saMvaratattvakA varNana hai| isameM saMvarakA svarUpa tathA usake kAraNabhUta gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSaha, jaya aura cAritrakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAma adhikArameM nirjarAkA varNana AyA hai| isameM nirjarAke bheda tathA nirjarAke kAraNabhUta tapoMkA vistArase varNana kiyA gayA hai| aSTama adhikArameM mokSakA varNana hai| mokSake lakSaNa tathA usakI prAptike kramakA sundara vivecana kiyA hai| navama adhikArameM granthakA upasaMhAra karate hue pramANa, naya, nikSepa aura nirdeza Adike dvArA sAta tattvoMko jAnakara mokSamArgakA Azraya lenekA kathana kiyA hai| nizcaya aura vyavahArake bhedase mokSamArga do prakArakA hai| nizcayamokSamArga sAdhya hai aura vyavahAramokSamArga sAdhana hai| apanI zuddhAtmAkI jo zraddhA, jJAna aura upekSaNa-rAga-dveSase rahita pravartana hai vaha nizcayamokSamArga hai aura deva-zAstragurukA zraddhAna vyavahAramokSamArga hai| vyavahAramokSamArga antameM calakara nizcayamokSamArgameM vilIna ho jAtA hai aura usase sAkSAt mokSakI prApti hotI hai / ataH mokSaprAptikA sAkSAt kAraNa nizcayamokSamArga hai| vyavahAramokSamArga nizcayamokSamArgakA sAdhaka honeke kAraNa paramparAse mokSamArga hai / ataeva sAdhakako nizcaya aura vyavahAra mokSamArgako apanAkara mokSakI prApti karanI caahiye| batAyA hai-- syAtsamyaktvajJAnacAritrarUpa: paryAyArthAdezato muktimArgaH // eko jJAtA sarvadevAdvitIyaH syAd dravyAdezato muktimaarg:| 1. tattvArthasAra, varNIgrampamAlA saMskaraNa 9421 / 410 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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paryAyArthika nayakI apekSA mokSamArga samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrarUpa hai aura dravyArthika nayakI apekSA sadA advitIya rahane vAlA eka jJAnI AtmA hI mokSa mArga hai / viSaya - srota yoM to tattvArthasAra tattvArthasUtrakA hI vyAkhyAna athavA sAra hai, phira bhI isake viSaya srota gRddhapicchAcAryake tattvArtha sUtrake atirikta pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi, akalaGkadeva kA tattvArthavAttika, prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha Adi grantha haiM ! prathama adhikAra tattvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para hI racA gayA hai ! dvitIya adhikArako viSayavastukA AdhAra paMcasaMgraha aura tattvArthavArtika hai / tattvArthasUtrake dvitIya tRtIya aura caturtha adhyAya meM varNita samasta prameyoMko tattvArthasArake dvitIya adhikAra meM samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai / sarvArthasiddhise bhI aneka viSaya gRhIta hai / tRtIya adhikArameM varNita ajIvatattva aura SadravyoMke nirUpaNakA AdhAra tattvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavArtikakA paJcama adhyAya hai / caturya adhikaraNa ke prameyoMkA srota tatvArthasUtrake SaSTha aura saptama adhyAya haiM / aneka prameya inhIM adhyAnoM para aurarthasiddhise bhI saMgRhIta haiM / paJcama adhikArakA AdhAra tattvArthasUtra aura usase sambandhita TIkAoMkA aSTama adhyAya hai / aSTama adhikAra ke prameya tattvArthaM vAtikase grahaNa kiye gaye haiM / yahA~ hama tulanA dvArA apane uparyukta kathanako puSTi karate haiM javaNAliyAmasarIcaMdaddha adamuttaphullatullAI / iMdiyaThANAI phAsaM puNa yavanAlamasU rAtimukte ndva samAH zrotrAkSiprANajihvAH syuH sparzanaM gaThANaM ||1|65 // kramAt / naikasaMsthitiH // 250 // kuMthupipolayamaMkuNavicchiyajUvidagovagomhIyA / utti gamaTTiyAI - paMcasaMgraha khullA carADasaMkhA aMkkhuNahaarigA ya gaMDolA / kukkhikamisipiAI geyA veiMdiyA jIvA // 170 // - paMcasaMgraha zambUkaH zaMkhazuktirvA kukSikramyAdayazcaite dvIndriyA: prANino matAH // 253 // gaNDUpadakapardakAH / ta0 sA0, adhikAra-2 ta0 sA0, adhikAra-2 yA teiMdiyA jIvA // 1 // 71 // - paMcasaMgraha zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 411

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kuMthuH pipIlikA kumbhI vRzcikazcendragopakaH / ghuNamatkuNapUkAdyAstrondriyAH santi jantavaH || 2|541 / ta0 sA0 'athotpAdaH kva teSAmiti ? atrocyate prathamAyAmasaMjJina utpadyate, prathamAdvittIyayoH sarIsRpAH, tisRSu pakSiNaH, catasRSUragAH, paJcasu siMhAH, SaTsu striyaH, saptasu matsya- manuSyAH / na ca devA nArakA vA narakeSu utpadyante / ' - tattvArthavArtika, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, pRSTha- 168 dharmAmasaMjJino yAnti vaMzAntAzca meghAntAzca vihaGgAzca aJjanAntAzca tAmariyAM ca sihAstu mevArAntAstu narA matsyAzca gacchanti mAghavIM tAzca AdyabhAvAnna antAbhAvaH AdyabhAvAdantAbhAva iti cet, na dRSTatvAdantyabIjavat bhAvasya akasmAditi prasajyeta -- tattvArthavArtika, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa pR0 641 --- karmabandhanasantateH / dRSTatvAdantyabIjavat || sarIsRpAH / bhoginaH // cet, akasmAcca na bandhaH bandhopapattistatra ma gauravAbhAvAca || yA tathAtigauravAbhAvAsa vRntasambandhavicchedo punabandhaprasaMgo jAnataH pazyatazca kAruNyAditi cet, na, sarvAsravaparikSayAt - tattvArthavArtika, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, pR0 643 jAnataH pazyatazcordhvaM jagatkAruNyataH punaH / tasya bandhaprasaGgo sarvAstravaparikSayAt // - tattvArthasAra | 21146 yoSitaH 1 pApinaH / / -- tattvArthasAra / 21147 412 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA - tattvArthasAra | 8|6 pAto'sya patatyAnaphalaM anirmokSaprasaGgaH / -- tattvArthavArtika pR0 643 - tattvArthasAra | 89 syAdanirmokSaprasaGgataH / syAnmuktiprApteranantaram // - tattvArthasAra 810 -tattvArthavArtika pR0-643 prasajjate / guru / / - tattvArthasAra | 8|12 /

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zarIrAnuvidhAyitve tadabhAvAdvisarpaNaprasaGga iti cet, na, kaarnnaabhaavaat||13|| -tattvArthavArtika pR0-743 garIrAvidhAyitve tadbhAvAdvisarpaNam / lokAkArApramANasya taavnnaakaarnntvtH|| -tatvArthasAra 16 duSTatvAcca nigalAdiviyoge devadattAdyavasthAnavat / -tatvArthavAtika pR0-644 kasyacicchRGkhalAmokSe tatrAvasthAnadarzanAt / avasthAnaM na muktAnAmUdravajyAtmakattvataH // - tattvArthasAra 1 819 samayasAra-kalaza samayasAra-kalaza yarthArthataH kundakundake samayasArapara kalazarUpameM likhA gayA hai| isakA viSaya-vargIkaraNa bhI kundakundake viSayake samAna hI hai| isameM kula 278 padya haiM, jo nimna adhikAroM meM vibhakta haiM 1. pUrvaraGga 2. jIvAjIvAdhikAra 3. kartRkarmAdhikAra 4. puNyapApAdhikAra 5. AsravAdhikAra 6. saMvarAdhikAra 7. nirjarAdhikAra 8. bandhAdhikAra 9. mokSAdhikAra 10. sarvavizaddhajJAnAdhikAra 11. syAdvAdAdhikAra 12. sAdhya-sAdhakAdhikAra ArambhameM hI Atma-tattvako namaskAra karate hue batAyA hai namaH samayasArAya svAnubhatyA cakAsate / citsvabhAvAca bhAvAya sarvabhAvAntaracchide // --padya-1 / maiM samayasAra-samasta padArthoM meM zreSTha usa Atmatattvako namaskAra karatA hU~, jo svAnubhUtise svayaMprakAza hai, caitanyasvabhAvavAlA hai, zuddha sattA-rUpa zrutaSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 413

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hai aura samasta padArthoMko jAnanevAlA hai athavA caitanyasvabhAvase bhinna samasta rAgAdi vikAroko na karanevAlA hai| isa kA ArambhameM hI zuddha Atmatattvako namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| samayasArako vyAkhyAkA prayojana batalAte hue likhA hai-- parapariNatihetormohanAmno'nubhAvA daviratamanubhAvyavyAptikalmASitAyAH / mamaparamavizuddhiH zuddhacinmAtramUrte bhavatu samayasAravyAkhyayaivAnubhUteH // 3 // isa samayasArakI vyAkhyAse merI anubhUtikI parama vizuddhatA prakaTa ho / yadyapi merI vaha anubhUti zuddha caitanyamAtra murtise yukta hai arthAt parama jJAyaka bhAvase sahita hai tathApi vartamAnameM parapariNatikA kAraNa jo mohanAmakA karma hai, usake udayarUpa viSAkase niransara rAgAdikI vyAptise kalmASita-malina ho rahI hai / arthAt isa vyAkhyAse mero anubhUtimeM parama vizuddhasA utpanna hogii| nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayake vivAdako samApta karate hue batAyA hai-- ubhayanayaviroSadhvaMsini syAtpadAke jinavacasi ramante ye svayaM vAntamohaH / sapadi samayasAraM te para jyotiruccai ranavamanayapakSAkSuNNamIkSanta eva // 4 // arthAt nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayake viSayameM paraspara virodha hai, kyoMki nizcayanaya abhedako grahaNa karatA hai aura vyavahAranaya bhedako / kintu isa virodhakA parihAra karanevAlA sthAdvAdavacana hai, usa vacanameM ve hI ramaNa kara sakate haiM, jinhoMne mohakA vamana kara diyA hai aura ve hI puruSa zIghra hI usa samayasArakA avalokana karate haiM, jo ki atizayase paramajyotisvarUpa hai| navIna nahIM arthAt dravyadRSTi se nitya haiM aura ekAntapakSase jisakA khaNDana nahIM ho sktaa| zuddhanayakI dRSTise AtmA apane ekapanameM niyata hai / svakIya guNaparyAyoM meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai tathA pUrNajJAnakA piNDa hai| aise AtmatattvakA AtmAtirika dravyoMse bhinna avalokana karatA hai, isIkA nAma samyakadarzana hai| isake hote hI jo AtmajJAna hotA hai vaha samyakajJAna kahalAtA hai| jaba taka AtmAmeM parase bhinna apanI yathArtha pratIti nahIM hotI taba taka yathArtha zAna nahIM hotaa| ataeva navatattvako saMtatiko chor3akara kevala eka AtmAko hI parase bhinna zukharUpameM anubhUta karanA hI yathArtha puruSArtha hai| batAyA hai414 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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ekatve niyatasya zuddhanayato vyApturyadasyAtmanaH pUrNajJAnadhanasya darzanamiha dravyAntarebhyaH pRthak / samyagdarzanametadeva niyamAdAtmA ca tAvAnayaM tanmuktvA navatattvasantatimimAmAtmA'yameko'stu naH ||6|| isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandrasUrine samayasArake samAna hI viSayoMkA vivecana karate hue AtmAkA kartRtva, bhoktRtva AdikA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ansameM AtmAkI AzcaryakAraka mahimAkA varNana karate hae likhA hai-"jaba vibhAvazaktikI apekSAse vicAra karate haiM taba AtmAmeM kaSAyakA upadrava dikhAI detA hai aura jaba svabhAvadazAkA vicAra karate haiM to zAntikA prasAra anubhavameM bhAtA hai| karmabandhakI apekSA saMsArako janma-maraNa rUpa bAdhA dikhAI detI hai aura zuddha svarUpakA vicAra karanepara muktikAsparza anubhava meM AtA hai| svaparijJAyaka bhAvakI apekSA karanepara AtmA lokatrayakA jJAtA hai aura jJAyakabhAvako apekSA eka caitanyamAtra anubhavameM AtA hai| isa prakAra aneka viruddha dharmoM ke samAvezagorA AlAkamAvI upamu mahimA disalAI par3atI haikaSAyakalirekataH skhalati zAntirastyekato bhavopatirekataH spRzati muktirapyekataH / jagatritayamekataH sphurati ciccakAstyekataH svabhAvamahimAtmano vijayate'dbhutAdadbhutaH // 27 // samayasArako apekSA samayasArakalaza atigahana hai| nizcayataH AcArya amRtacandrasUrine adhyAtmagaMgA pravAhita kI hai| isa gaMgAmeM avagAhana karanevAle sabhI prakArase zAntilAbha karate haiM / samayasAra-TIkA amRtacandrakI samayasAra-TIkA AtmakhyAtike nAmase prasiddha hai / yaha AcAyakI prAMjala zailIkA utkRSTa namUnA hai| unhoMne gAthAke zabdoMkA vyAkhyAna na kara usake abhiprAyako apanI pariSkRta gadyazailImeM vyakta kiyA hai / jahA~ unheM gAthAke mUlabhAvameM koI kamI dikhalAI par3I hai vahIM unhoMne mamayasArakalaza nAmase padya bhI likha diyA hai| yaha samayasArakalaza AtmakhyAtiTIkAmeM mizrita ho jAnepara bhI usakA graMtharUpameM pRthak astitva bhI hai| TIkAmeM samasyantapada bhI vidyamAna haiM tathA aneka zabdoMke nirvacana bhI diye gaye haiM aura bhAvako spaSTa karanekA pUrNa prayAsa kiyA hai / jahA~ kundakundake granthoMmeM prameya aspaSTa the vahA~ kalaza athavA AtmakhyAti TIkAdvArA hI spaSTatA lAkara jainatattvajJAnako samRddha kiyA hai| zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 415

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__Ata ko hI mAra niyamoM kA vargIkarA liyA hai tathA samayapAiDako samayasAra nAma denekA zreya bhI inhIMko prApta hai| TIkAko nATakake samAna aDoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA hai| prathama aGkase pUrvake prArambhika bhAgako pUrvarama kahA gayA hai / jisa prakAra nATakameM pAtroMkA niSkamaNa aura praveza hotA hai usI prakAra grahAMpara bhI praveza aura niSkramaNa karAyA gayA hai| prathama aGka jIvAjIvAdhikAra hai| isameM jIvako ajIvase bhinna batalAyA hai aura antameM likhA hai-"jovAjIvo pRthagbhUtvA niSkrAntI" arthAt jIva aura ajIva pRthak-pRthak hokara cale gye| dUsare kartRkarma adhikArake ArambhameM likhA hai-"jIva-ajIva hI kartA aura karmakA veSa dhAraNakara praveza karate haiM tathA antameM likhA hai-"jIva aura ajIva kartA evaM kamaMkA veSa chor3akara nikala gye|" tIsare puNya-pAra adhikArake AdimeM likhA hai-"eka hI karma puNya aura pApake rUpameM do pAtroMkA veSa dhAraNa karake praveza karatA hai" bora antameM likhA haipuNya aura pApake rUpase do pAtroMkA veSadhAraNa karanevAlA karma eka pAtrarUpa hokara nikala gayA arthAt karmameM puNya-pApakA bheda mithyA hai, donoMmeM koI antara nahIM hai / isI prakAra Asrava, saMvara, nirjasa. bandha aura mokSa adhikAroMmeM una-una natvoMkA praveza aura nirgamana karAyA gayA hai / vastuta: yaha saMsAra eka raMgamaMca hai jisapara jova aura ajIva nAnArUpa dhAraNa karake abhinaya karate haiN| yahAM abhinayakA AcaraNa karanevAlA yA sUtradhAra paudgalika karma hai| yaha TokA paryApta vistRta aura gahana hai| yahAM udAharaNArtha kucha paMkiyoM uddhRta kI jAtI haiM--- "ajJAnI hi zuddhAtmajJAnAbhAvAt svaparayorekatvajJAnena, svaparayorekatvadarzanena, svaparayorekatvapariNatyA ca prakRtisvabhAve sthitatvAt prakRsisvabhAvamapyahattayA anubhavan karmaphalaM vedayate / mAnI tu zuddhAtmazAnaM sadbhAvAtsvaparayorvi bhAgajJAnena svaparayovibhAgadarzanena svaparayovibhAgapariNatyA ca prakRtisvAbhAvA dapasRtatvAt zuddhAtmasvabhAvamekamevAhaMtayAnubhavan karmaphalamuditaM jeyamAtratvAt jAnApeva na punastasyAhattayAgnubhavitumazakyatvAdvecate // 16 // pravacanasAra-dIkA pravacanasArakI TokAkA nAma tasvadIpikA hai| yaha TIkA bhI prAMjala zailImeM samayasAraphI TokAke samAna hI likhI gayI hai| isase bhI unakI AdhyAtmika rasikatA, AtmAnubhava, prakhara vidvattA, vastusvarUpako takaMpUrvaka siddha karanekI asAdhAraNa zakti, tattvatattvArthakA gambhIrajJAna, nizcaya vyavahArakA kramabaddha 416 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArma-paramparA

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nirUpaNa Adi aneka vizeSatAeM vidyamAna haiN| malagranthakArane jina bhAvoMko chor3a bhI diyA hai unakA bhI prakaTIkaraNa TIkAkArane kiyA hai / TIkA samasyanta gadyameM likhI gayI hai, zelI paryApta pror3ha hai aura zabdArthake sthAnapara viSayako spaSTa karanevAlI hai / yathA___ "yato na khalvindriyANyAlambyAvagrahahAvAyapUrvakaprakrameNa kevalI vijAnAti, svayameva samastAvaraNakSayakSaNa evAnAdyanantAhetukAsAdhAraNabhUtajJAnasvabhAvameva kAraNalenopAdAya tadupari pravikasatkevalajJAnopayogIbhaya vipariNamate, tato'syAkramasamAkrAntasamastadravyakSetrakAlabhAvatayA samakSasaMvedanAlambanabhUtAH sarvadravyaparyAyAH pratyakSA eva bhavanti / " pazcAstikAya-TokA paMcAstikAyakI 173 gAthAoMpara AcArya amRtacandrane TIkA likhI hai / TIkAkArane isa anyako mAra magAma vibhAjita kiyA hai 1. poThikA 2. prathama zrutaskandha 3. dvitIya zrumuskandha 4. dhUlikA pIThikAmeM 26 gAthAeM haiM aura unakI vyAkhyA ukta donoM granthoMke samAna ho kI gayI hai| prathama zrutaskandhameM 78 gAthAoMkI vyAkhyA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha 49 gAthAoMkI vyAkhyA dI gayI hai| cUlikAmeM bIsa gAthAoMkI TIkA hai| isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandrasUrine paMcAstikAyake viSayako bhI apanI TIkAmeM vistRta aura spaSTa banAnekA pUrNa prayAsa kiyA hai| isa TIkAkA nAma bhI tattvadIpikA hai| AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI vikramako navama zatAbdImeM ghavalA aura jayaghavalAko racanAke pazcAt siddhAntaviSayaka vidvattAkA mApadaNDa ina granthoM ko mAna liyA gayA aura inake paThana-pAThanakA sarvatra pracAra huA / kAlakramAnusAra ye donoM agAdha TIkAeM jaba duSkara pratIta hone lagoM, to inake sArabhAgako ekatra karaneke lie siddhAntacakravartIne prayAsa kiyaa| siddhAntacakravartI inakI upAdhi thii| inhoMne apane gommaTasAra karmakANDameM batAyA hai zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 417

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jaha pakkeNa ya cakkI chapakhaMDa sAhiyaM aviggheNa / taha mai-cakkeNa mayA chavakhaMDaM sAhiyaM samma / jisa prakAra cakravartI apane cakraratnase bhAratavarSake chaha khaNDoMko binA kisI vighna-bAdhAke adhIna karatA hai, usI taraha maiMne (nemicandrane) apanI buddhirUpI cakrase SaTkSaNDoMko arthAt SaTkhaNDAgabhasiddhAntako samyakarItise adhIna kiyA hai| siddhAntagranthoke abhyAsIko siddhAnta cakravartIkA pada prAcIna samayase hI diyA jAtA rahA hai| vIrasenasvAmIne jayaghavalAko prazasti meM likhA hai ki bharatacakravartIkI AjAke samAna jinakI bhAratI SaTkhaNDAgamameM skhalita nahIM huI, anumAna hai ki vorasenasvAmIke samayase hI siddhAntaviSayajJako siddhAntacakravartI kahA jAne lagA hai| nizcayata: AcArya nemicandra siddhAntapranthoMke adhikArI vidvAna the| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne dhavalAsiddhAntakA maMthana kara gommaTasAra; aura jayaSavalATIkAkA maMcana kara labdhisAra granthakI racanA kI hai| jIvana-paricaya AcArya nemicandra dezIyagaNake haiM / inhoMne abhayanandi, vIranandi aura indranandiko apanA guru batalAyA hai / karmakANDameM AyA hai jassa ya pAyapasAyeNaNaMtasaMsArajalahimuttiNNo / vIriMdaNadivaccho NamAmi taM abhayaNaMdiguru // NamiUNa abhayadi sudasAyarapAragidaNaMdiguru / baravIragaMdiNAhaM payaDINaM paccayaM vocchaM // arthAt jinake caraNaprasAdase vIranandi aura indanandikA vatsa anantasaMsArarUpo samudrase pAra ho gayA, una abhayanandiguruko meM namaskAra karatA hU~ / abhayanandiko, zrutasamudrake pAragAmI indra nadiHruko bora vIranandiko namaskAra karake prakRtiyoM ke pratyaya-kAraNako kahUMgA / labdhisArameM likhA hai-"vIranandi aura indranandike vatsa evaM abhayanandi 1. gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 397 / 2. vahIM, gApA 436 / 3. bahI, gAyA 785 / 418 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bApArya paramparA

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ke ziSya alpazAnI nemicandrane darzanalabdhi aura cAritralabdhikA kathana kiyaa| hai|" "trilokasAra' meM apanI guruparamparAkA kathana karate hue likhA hai "idi NemicaMdamuNiNA appasudeNabhayaNaMdivaccheNa / raiyo tiloyasAro skhamaMtu taM bahusudAIriyA // 2 arthAt abhayanandike vatsa alpazrutajJAnI nemicandramunine isa trilokasAra anyako rcaa| uparyukta granthoMkI prazastiyoMse spaSTa hai ki abhayanandi, bIranandi aura indramandi inake guru the| ina tInoMmeMse voranandi to candraprabhavaritake kA jJAta hote haiM, kyoMki unhoMne candraprabhacaritako prazastimeM apane ko abhayanandikA ziSya batalAyA hai aura ye abhayanandi nemicandra ke guru hI honA cAhiye, kyoMki kAlagaNanAse unakA vahI samaya AtA hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki ukta tInoM guruoMmeM abhayanandi jyeSTha guru hone cAhiye / vIranandi, indranandi aura nemicandra janake ziSya rahe hoNge| yahA~ yaha kalpanA karanA ucita nahIM ki nemicandra sabase choTe the, ataH unhoMne abhayanandike ziSya vIranandi aura indranandise bhI zAstrAdhyayana kiyA ho / vastutaH abhayanandike vIramandi, indranandi aura nemicandra ye tInoM hI ziSya the 1 vaya aura jJAnameM laghu honeke kAraNa nemicandrane vIranandi aura indranandise bhI lagAyA hora nemicandrane bIranandiko candramAko upamA dekara siddhAntarUpI amRtake samudrase unakA udbhava batalAyA hai | ata: vIranandi bhI siddhAntagranthoMke pAragAmI the| indranandiko to, nemicandrane spararUpase zrutasamudrakA pAragAmI likhA hai / unhIM ke samIpa siddhAntagranthoMkA adhyayana karake kanakanandi AcAryane sattvasthAnakA kathana kiyA hai / usI sattvasthAnakA saMgraha nemicandrane karmakANDa gommaTasArameM kiyA hai varaiMdaNaMdiguruNo pAse soUNa sayalasiddhataM / sirikaNayaNaMdiguruNA sattaTThANaM samudiTuM / ' indranandike sambandhameM AcArya jugalakizora mukhtArane likhA hai-'isa nAmake kaI AcArya ho gaye haiM, unameM se 'jvAlAmAlinIkalpa' ke kartA indranandine apane isa granthakA racanAkAla zaka saM0 861 (vi0 se 0 996) diyA hai aura 1. labdhisAra, mAthA 648 / 2. trilokasAra, gAthA 1018 / 3. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 396 / zrutabara aura sArasvatAcArya : 419

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yaha samaya nemicandrake guru indranandike sAtha bilkula saMgata baiThatA hai, para inhoMne apaneko vappanandikA ziSya kahA hai / bahuta sambhava hai ki ina indranandine yappanandise dIkSA lI ho aura abhayanandise siddhAntagranthoMkA adhyayana kiyA ho / .. AcArya nemicandrakA ziSyatva cAmuNDarAyane grahaNa kiyA yA / yaha cAmuNDarAya gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamallakA pradhAnamantrI aura senApati thaa| usane aneka yuddha jIte the aura isake upalakSya meM aneka upAdhi prApta kI thii| yaha vIramArtaNDa kahalAtA thaa| gommaTasArameM 'sammatarayaNanilaya'-samyaktvaratnanilaya, ''guNarayaNabhUSaNaM-guNaralabhUSaNa', 'satyayudhiSThira'3 'devarAja Adi vizeSaNoMkA prayoga kiyA hai / ina dhAmuNDarAyane zravaNabelagolA (maisUra) meM sthita vindhyagiri parvasapara bAhali svAmIko 57 phITa U~cI atizaya manoza pratimA pratiSThita kI thI / bAhubali bhagavAn RSabhadevake putra the / unhoMne bar3I kaThora sapasyA kI thii| unakI smRti meM unake bar3e bhAI cakravartI bharatane eka pratimA sthApita karAyI thii| vaha kukkuTasapoMse vyApta ho jAne ke kAraNa kukkuTajinake nAmase prasiddha thii| uttara bhAratakI isa mUrtise bhinnatA batalAneke lie cAmuNDarAyake dvArA sthApita mUti 'dakSiNakukkuTajina' khlaayo| gommaTasAra karmakANDameM batAyA hai jeNa viNimmiyapaDimAvayaNaM savvaTThasiddhidevehi / sadhvaparamohijogihi dichu so gommaTo jayau / / gommaTasaMgahasuttaM gommaTasiharuvari gommaTajiNo ya / gommaTarAyaviNimbhiyadakSiNakukkaDajiNo jayau !' ina donoM gAthAoMse spaSTa hai ki cAmuNDarAyane gommaTa svAmoko jo pratimA vindhyagiri parvatapara sthApita ko usake mukhakA darzana sarvArthasiddhike devoMne kiyaa| isase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki vindhyagiriparvatakI U~cAIke kAraNa gommaTasvAmIko mUrti adhika UMcI dikhalAyI par3atI thI, jisase 1. karmakANDa, gAthA 1 / 2. jIvakANDa, gAthA / / 5. karmakANDa, gAthA 45 / / 4. vahIM, gAthA 258 / 5. gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 969 / 6. vahI, gAthA 968 / 420 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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sarvArthasiddhi deva bhI usakA darzana kara sakate the| isa caityAlayake unnata stambha, svarNamayI kalaza evaM usake anya AkAra-prakArakA nirdeza bhI gommaTasArameM prApta hotA hai / likhA hai - vajjayAM jiNabhavaNaM IsikabhAraM suvaNNakalasaM tu / tihuvaNapANi jeNa kathaM jaga so rAgoM // / jebhiyathaM bhuvarimajakhatirITaggakiraNajaladhoyA / siddhANa suddhapAyA so rAo gommaTo jaya // ' vindhyagiri ke sAmane sthita dUsare candragiripara cAmuNDarAyabasati ke nAmase eka sundara jinAlaya sthita hai| isa jinAlaya meM cAmuNDarAyane indranIlamaNikI eka hAtha UMcI tIrthaMkara neminAthako pratimA sthApita kI thI, jo aba anupalabdha hai / cAmuNDarAyakA gharU nAma gommaTa thA / yaha tathya DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene apane eka lekha meM likhA hai / unake isa nAmake kAraNa hI unake dvArA sthApita bAhubalikI mUrti gomaTezvara ke nAmase prasiddha huii| DaoN0 upAdhyeke anusAra gommaTezvarakA artha hai, cAmuNDarAyakA devatA / isI kAraNa vindhyagiri, jisapara gommaTezvara kI mUrti sthita hai, gommaTa kahA gyaa| isI gommaTa upanAmadhArI cAmuNDarAya ke lie nemicandrAcAryane apane gommaTasAra nAmaka granthako racanAkI haiM / isIse isa granthako gommaTasArako saMjJA dI gayI hai| ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki gaMganareza rAcamalladevake pradhAna saciva aura senApati cAmuNDarAyakA AcArya nemicandra ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai / samaya- vicAra cAmuNDarAyane apanA cAmuNDapurANa zaka saM0 200 ( vi0 saM0 1035) meM banAkara samApta kiyA / ataH unake lie nirmita gommaTasArakA sunizcita samaya vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI hai / zrI mukhtAra sAhaba aura premojI bhI isI samayako svIkAra karate haiM / gommaTasAra karmakANDameM cAmuNDarAyake dvArA nirmita gommaTajinakI mUrtikA nirdeza hai | ataH yaha nizcita hai ki gommaTasArako samApti gommaTamUrti kI sthApanAke pazcAt hI huI hai| kintu mUrtike sthApanAkAlako lekara itihAsajJoMmeM bar3A matabheda hai / 'bAhubalicaritra' meM gommaTezvarakI pratiSThAkA samaya nimnaprakAra batalAyA hai 1. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 970 971 / tara aura sArasvatAcArya : 421

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"kalkyabde SaTzaMtAkhye vinutavibhavasaMvatsare mAsive paJcamyAM zuklapakSe dinamaNidivase kumbhalagne suyoge / sobhAgye mastanAmni prakaTitabhagaNe suprazastAM cakAra zrImaccAmuNDarAjo velmulanagare gommaTeza pratiSThAm / / " arthAt kalki saM0 600 meM vibhava saMvatsarameM caitra zuklA paMcamI racivArako kumbha lagna, saubhAgya yoga, mRgazirA nakSatra meM, cAmuNDarAyane velgulanagarameM gommaTezakI pratiSThA karAyI / ko isa nirdiSTa tithike sambandha meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| ghoSAlane apane vRhadravyasaMgraha ke agrejI anuvAdakI prastAvanA meM ukta tithiko 2 aprela 980 mAnA hai | zrIgovinda paine 13 mArca 989 svIkAra kiyA hai ! pro0 hIrAlAla - jIne 23 mArca san 1028 meM ukta tithiyogako Thoka ghaTita batAyA hai / kintu pradhAnazAstrIne tIna nithike ghaTita honekI carcA kI hai| isa taraha bAvanIcaritrameM nirdiSTa sambandha meM vivAda prastuta kiyA hai / hamAre namra matAnusAra bhAratIya jyotiSakI gaNanA ke AdhAra para vibhava saMvatsara caitra zuklA paMcamI ravivArako mRgazira nakSatrakA yoga 13 mAcaM san 981 meM ghaTita hotA hai / anya grahoMko sthiti bhI isI dina samyak ghaTita hotI hai | ataH mUrtikA pratiSThAkAla san 181 honA cAhiye / cAmuNDarAyane apane cAmuNDapurANa meM mUrtisthApanA kI koI carcA nahIM kI hai / isase yahI anumAna hotA hai ki cAmuNDapurANake pazcAt hI mUrti kI pratiSThA kI gayI hai / rannane apanA ajitanAthapurANa zaka saM0 915 meM samApta kiyA hai| usameM likhA hai ki atimanvene gommaTezvarakI mUrti ke darzana kiye / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki zaka saM0 915 (vi0 saM0 2050) se pahale hI mUrtikI pratiSThA ho cukI thI / yadi cAmuNDapurANameM mUrtikI sthApanAko koI carcA na hone ko mahattva diyA jAya, to vi0 saM0 1035 aura vi0 saM0 1050 ke bIcameM mUrtiko pratiSThA mAnanI par3egI, jisase hamAre pUrvakathanakI siddhi hotI hai / gaMga rAcamallakA samaya vi0 saM0 2031 - 1041 taka hai / bhujavalizatakake anusAra unhIMke rAjyakAlameM mUrtiko pratiSThA huI hai / ataH mUrti sthApanAkA samaya I0 san 181 upayukta jAna par3atA hai| ataeva AcArya nemicandrakA samaya I0 sankI dazama zatAbdIkA uttarArddha yA vi0 saM0 11vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArddha hai| racanAeM 4 AcArya nemicandra AgamazAstrake vizeSajJa haiM / inako nimnalikhita racanAeM prasiddha haiM 412 : torthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya-paramparA

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1.gommaTasAra 2. trilokasAra 3. labdhisAra 4. kSapaNAsAra 1. gommaTasAra yaha grantha do bhAgoM vibhakta hai-jIvakANDa aura karmakANDa / jIvakANDa meM 734 gAthAeM hai aura karmakANDameM 962 gAthAeM haiN| isa granthapara do saMskRta-TIkAe' bhI likhI gayI haiM--1. nemicandra dvArA jIvapradIpikA Ara 2. abhayacandra siddhAntacakravartI dvArA mandaprabodhinI / gommaTasArapara kezava varNI dvArA eka kannar3avRtti bho likho milatI hai| ToDaramalajIne samyagjJAna. candrikA nAmakI vanikA likhI hai| gommaTasAra SaTkhaNDAgamako paramparAkA grantha hai| jovakANDameM mahAkarma prAbhRtake siddhAntasambandhI jIvasthAna, kSudrabandha, bandhasvAmitva, vedanAkhaNDa aura vargaNAkhaMDa ina pA~ca viSayoMkA varNana hai / guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, maudaha mArgaNA aura upayoga ina 20 prarUpaNAoMmeM jIvako aneka avasthAoMkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| jIvakANDameM jovoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai| bIsa prarUpaNAoMkA kathana paMcasaMgrahake samAna hI kiyA gayA hai / gommaTasAra saMgrahagrantha hai, isameM sandeha nahIM / jIvakANDakA saMkalana mukhyarUpase paJcasaMgrahake jovasamAsa adhikAra tathA SadakhaNDAgama prathama khaNDa jIvANake satprarUpaNAnAmaka adhikAroMse kiyA gayA hai / dhavalA granthameM paJcasaMgrahakI bahuta-sI gAthAeM zAbdika antarake sAtha milatI haiM | ataH jIvakANDako adhikAMza gAthAeM ghabalATIkAmeM milatI haiN| paJcasaMgrahakI gAthAoMse viSayakA sambandha nahIM hai / paJcasaMgrahakI apekSA jIvakANDako gAthAoMmeM vizeSatA bhI prApta hotI hai| paMcasaMgrahameM 30 gAthAoM meM hI guNasthAnoMke svarUpoMkA nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA hai, jabaki jIvakANDameM 68 gAthAoMmeM guNasthAnoMkA svarUpa varNita hai / isa granthameM 20 prarUpaNAoMkA parasparameM antarabhAva sambandho kathana aura pramAdoMke bhaMgoMkA nirUpaNa bhI paMcasaMgrahakI apekSA viziSTa hai| paMcasaMgrahameM jIvasamAsakA kathana kevala gyAraha gAthAoMmeM hai, para jIvakANDameM yaha viSaya 48 gAthAmoMmeM nirUpita hai / jIyakANDameM sthAna, yoni, zarIrako avagAhanA aura kuloMke dvArA jovasamAsakA kathana bhI vistArapUrvaka AyA hai| isa prakArakA vistAra zrutapara aura sArasvatAcArya : 423

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paJcasaMgrahameM nahIM milatA hai / paryAptikA kathana paMcasaMgrahameM kevala do gAthAoMmeM AyA hai 1 kintu jIvakANDameM yaha viSaya 11 gAthAoMmeM nibaddha hai| prANoMkA kathana paMcasaMgrahameM chaha gAthAoMmeM hai, para jIvakANDameM yaha viSaya pAMca hI gAthAoMmeM AyA hai| isI prakAra saMjJAoM, svAmiyoM, mArgaNAboMmeM jIvoM, indriya mArgaNAkI apekSA ekendriya Adi jIvoMke kathana prabhRtimeM vizeSatAe~ vidyamAna haiN| gommaTasAra karmakANDa gommaTasAra karmakANDake do saMskaraNa prApta hote haiN| pahalA saMskaraNa rAmacandra zAstramAlA bambaIkA hai aura dUsarA devakaraNa-zAstramAlAkA hai isa anya 9 adhikAra haiM 1. prakRtisamutkIrtana 2. bandhodayasatva 3. satvasthAnabhaMga 4. tricUlikA 5. pAnasamutlIna 6. pratyaya 7. bhAvacUlikA 8. trikaraNacUlikA 5. karmasthitibandha 1. prakRtisamutkIrtanakA artha hai pAThoM karmo' aura unakI uttaraprakatiyoMkA kathana jisameM ho| yataH karmakANDameM koM aura unako vividha avasthAoMkA kathana AyA hai| isameM jIva aura karmo ke anAdi sambandhakA varNana kara karmA ke ATha bhedoMke nAma, unake kArya, unakA krama aura unakI uttara prakRtiyoMmeMse kucha vizeSa prakRttiyoMkA svarUpa, bandhaprakRtiyoM, udayaprakRtiyoM aura satvaprakRtiyoMko saMkhyA, dezaghAtI, sarvaghAtI puNya aura pApa prakRtiyA~, pudgalavipAkI, kSetravipAko, bhavipAko aura jIvavipAko prakR. tiyA~, karmameM nikSepa yojanA AdikA kathana 86 gAthAboMmeM kiyA gayA hai| 22vIM gAthAmeM karmoke uttarabhedoMkI saMkhyA aMkita kI hai, kintu Age una medoMko na batalAkara unameMse kucha bhedoMke sambandhameM vizeSa bAteM batalA do gayI haiN| jaise darzanAvaraNoyakarmake 9 medoMmeMse 5 nidrAoMkA svarUpa gAthA 23, 24, aura 25 dvArA batalAyA hai / 26vI gAthAmeM mohanIyakarmake eka meda mithyAsvake tIna bhAga kaise hote haiM, yaha batalAyA hai / gAthA 27 meM nAmakarmake bhedoMmeM 424 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI bAcArya-paramparA

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P se zarIranAmakarmake pA~ca bhedoMke saMyogI bheda batalAye haiN| gAthA 28 meM aMgopAMgake bheda Aye haiN| gAthA 29 30 31 aura 32 meM kisa saMhananavAlA jIva marakara kisa naraka aura kisa svarga taka janma letA hai, yaha kathana kiyA hai / 33vIM gAthA meM uSNanAmakarma aura AtapanAmakarmake udayakI carcA kI gayI hai / isa prakAra karmo ko vizeSa vizeSa prakRtiyoM ke sambandhameM kathana AyA hai| karmaprakRtiko vibhinna sthitiyoMko avagata karane ke lie yaha karmakANDagrantha atyanta upAdeya hai / banvodaya satvAdhikArameM karmodayake bandha, udaya aura satvakA kathana AyA hai / stavake lakSaNAnusAra karmakANDake isa dUsare adhikAra meM karmoke bandha, udaya aura satvakA gumasthAna evaM mArgaNAoM meM anvayapUrvaka kathana kiyA hai / bandhake prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha aura pradezabandhakA kramazaH kathana kiyA haiM / prakRtibandhakA kathana karate hue yaha batalAyA hai ki kina-kina karmaprakRtiyoMkA bandha kisa-kisa guNasthAna taka hotA hai, Age nahIM hotA / yaha kathana paJcasaMgrahameM bhI hai| guNasthAnoMma AThoM karmoMkI 120 prakRtiyoMke bandha, abandha aura bandhavyucchittikA kathana karaneke bAda 14 mArgaNAoM meM bhI vahI kathana kiyA hai / yaha kathana paJcasaMgraha meM nahIM miltaa| nemicandrAcAryane SaTkhaNDAgama se liyA hai| prakRtibandhake pazcAt sthitibandhakA kathana hai| karmoMko mUla evaM uttaraprakRtiyoMkI utkRSTa aura jaghanyasthitikA nirUpaNa bandhakoMke sAtha kiyA yayA hai / isa vivecanake liye granthakArane dhavalATokAkA AdhAra grahaNa kiyA hai| tatpazcAt anubhAgabandha aura pradezabandhakA varNana AyA hai| yaha varNana saMgrahase milatA-julatA hai / pradezabandhakA kathana karate hue paMcasaMgrahameM to samayapratraddhakA vibhAga kevala mUlakamoM meM hI batalAyA hai, para karmakANDa meM uttara prakRtiyoM meM bhI vibhAgakA kathana kiyA hai| karmakANDameM pradezabandha ke kAraNabhUta yogake bhedoM aura avayavoMkA bho kathana hai / para yaha kathana paMcasaMgrahameM nahIM hai / kevala ghavalA aura jayadhavalAmeM hI prApta hai / udayaprakaraNa meM kamake udaya aura udIraNAkA kathana guNasthAna aura mArgaNAoMmeM hai / arthAt pratyeka guNasthAna aura mArgaNA meM prakRtiyoMke udaya, anudaya aura udaya vyucchittikA varNana hai / satvaprakaraNa meM guNasthAna aura mArgaNAoMmeM prakRtiyoM ko satvAsattva aura satvavicchuttikA kathana hai| mArgaNAoM meM bandha, udaya aura sattvakA kathana anyatra nahIM milatA ! yaha AcArya nemicandrakI apanI vizeSatA hai / satvasthAnabhaMgaprakaraNa meM kahe gaye satvasthAnakA bhaMgoM ke sAtha kathana kiyA hai / pratyeka guNasthAna meM prakRtiyoM ke sasvasthAnake kitane prakAra sambhava haiM aura unake ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 425

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sAtha jIva kisa Ayuko bhogatA hai aura parabhavakI kisa Ayuko bAMdhatA hai, yaha . saba vistArapUrvaka AyA hai| isI prakaraNake antameM granthakArane yaha kahA hai ki indranandiguruke pAsameM zravaNa karake kanakanandine satvasthAnakA nirUpaNa kiyA | tricUliphA adhikArameM tIna cUlikAe~ haiM-1. navapraznacUlikA, 2. paMcabhAgahAracUlikA aura 3. dazakaraNacUlikA / pahalI navapraznacUlikAmeM 9 praznoMkA samAdhAna kiyA hai 1. udayavyucchittike pahale bandhanyucchittiko prkRtisNkhyaa| 2. udayavyucchittike poche bandhayucchittikI prakRtisaMkhyA / 3. udayavyucchini bandhavastitiko prakRti mAyA / 4. jinakA apanA udaya honepara bandha ho, aisI prakRtiyA~ / 5. jinakA anya prakRtikA udayapara bandha ho, aisI prakRtiyoM / 6. jinakA apanA tathA anya prakRtiyoMke udaya honepara bandha ho, aiso prkRtisNkhyaa| 7. nirntrbndhprkRtiyaaN| 8. sAntarabandhaprakRtiyA~ / 9. nirantara, sAntarabandhaprakRtiyA~ / upayukta 9 praznoMkA isa adhikArameM uttara diyA gayA hai| paMcabhAgahAracUlikAmeM udvelana, vidhyAta, adhaHpravRtta, guNasaMkrama aura sarvasaMkrama ina pA~ca bhAgahAroMkA kathana AyA hai| dazakaraNacUlikAmeM bandha, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa, udoraNA, sattA, udaya, upazama, nipti aura nikAcanA ina daza karaNoMkA svarUpa kahA gayA hai / aura batalAyA hai ki kauna karaNa kisa guNasthAna taka hotA hai / karaNanAma kriyA kA hai| karmoM meM ye daza kriyAyeM hotI haiN| bandhodayasatvayuktasthAnasamutkIrtanameM ekajIvake ekasamayameM kitanI prakRtiyoMkA bandha, udaya athavA satva sambhava hai, kA kathana kiyA hai / isa adhikArameM AThoM mUlakoM ko lekara aura punaH pratyeka karmakI uttaraprakRtiyoMko lekara bandhasthAnoM, udayasthAnoM aura satvasthAnoMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| yaha adhikAra guNasthAnakramase vicAra karane ke kAraNa paryApta vistRta hai 1 pratyamAdhikArameM karmabandhake kAraNoMkA kathana hai| mUla kAraNa cAra haiM--- 1. mithyAtva, 2. avirati, 3. kaSAya aura 4. yoga / inake bheda kramase 5, 12, 25 aura 15 hote haiM / guNasthAnoM meM inhIM mUla aura uttara pratyayoMkA kathana isa adhikArameM kiyA gayA hai tathA pratyeka guNasthAnake bandhake pratyaya batalAye gaye haiN| 426 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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bhAvacUlikAdhikArameM kahAnika, zAkSika, mi, mori pAriNAmika ina pA~ca bhAvoM tathA inake bhedoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue unake svasaMyogI aura parasaMyogI bhaMgokA guNasthAnoMmeM kathana kiyA hai| isake pazcAt prAcIna gAthA uddhRta kara 363 mithyAvAdiyoMke matoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / trikaraNacUlikAdhikArameM adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anavRttikaraNa ina tona karaNoMkA svarUpa kahA gayA hai / ___ karmasthitiracanAdhikArameM pratisamaya baMdhanevAle karmaparamANuoMkA AThoM karmomeM vibhAjana honeke pazcAt pratyeka karmaprakRtiko prApta karmaniSakoMkI racanA usakI sthiti ke anusAra AbAdhAkAlako chor3akara ho jAtI hai / arthAt bandhako prApta hue ve karmaparamANu udayakAla Anepara nirjIrNa hone lagate haiM aura antima sthitiparyanta bikharate rahate haiM / unako racanAko hI karmasthiti-racanA kahate haiM / isa gommaTasAra karmakANDake svAdhyAya dvArA karmasAhityakA samyak bodha prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai / trilokasAra isa mahattvapUrNa granthameM 1018 gAthAeM haiN| yaha karaNAnuyogakA prasiddha grantha hai| isakA AdhAra "tiloyapaNNattI' aura 'sattvArthavAtika' haiN| grantha nimnalikhita adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai 1. lokasAmAnyAdhikAra 2. bhavanAdhikAra 3. vyantaralokAdhikAra 4. jyotirlokAdhikAra 5. vaimAnikalokAdhikAra 6. manuSya-tiryaklokAdhikAra sAmAnyalokAdhikAra meM 207 gAthAeM haiN| prArambhameM lokakA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai / yaha loka akRtrima hai, anAdinidhana hai, svabhAvanivRtta hai, jIvAjIvoMse sahita hai aura nitya hai| isa lokameM dharmadravya, adharmadravya, AkAzadravya, jovadravya aura pudgaladravya jahA~ taka pAye jAte haiM, vahA~ taka loka mAnA jAtA hai, usake pazcAt alokAkAza hai aura yaha ananta hai| lokake kaI AkAra batalAye gaye haiM / adholoka arddhamRdaMgake samAna hai, kacaloka mRdaMgake tulya hai / yaha loka 14 rAjupramANa hai / lokake svarUpanirUpaNake pazcAta 'mAna'kA varNana ataSara aura sArasvatAcArya : 427

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kiyA hai / 'mAna' do prakArakA hai-loka aura lokottara / laukika 'mAna ke chaha bheda haiM-1. mAna 2. janmAna 3. avamAna 4. gaNimAna 5. pratimAna aura 6. tatapratimAna / gaNanAke malataH tIna bheda haiM-1. saMkhyAta 2. asaMkhyAta aura 3. ananta / saMkhyAtakA eka hI bheda hai, aura asaMkhyAtake tIna bheda haiM-1. parItAsaMkhyAta 2. yuktAsaMkhyAta aura 3. saMkhyAsAsaMkhyAta / anantake bhI tIna bheda haiM-parItAnanta, yuktAmanta aura anantAnta / isa prakAra upamApramANa' yA gaNanAke 3+3+ 1 =7 bheda haiM aura ina sAtoMke jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa ye tInatIna bheda hote haiM / isa prakAra 743 =21 bheda hae / asaMkhyAta jJAnake nimitta anavasthA, zalAkA, pratizalAkA aura mahAzalAkA ina cAra, kuNDoMko kalpanA kI gayI hai / ina kuNDoMkA vyAsa eka lakSa yojana pramANa aura utsedha eka sahasra yojana pramANa hai| kuNDa golAkAra hote haiN| ina kuNDoMmeM do Adika sarasoMse bharanA anavasthA kuNDa hai / isa sandarbhameM gaNanA aura saMkhyAko pArabhASA bhI batAyI gayI hai| likhA hai eyAdIyA gaNaNA bIyAdIyA havaMti sNsbejjaa| soyAdINaM NiyamA kaditti saNNA muNedavvA' / arthAt ekAdikako gaNanA, do Adikako saMkhyA evaM sIna Adikako kRti kahate haiN| eka aura domeM kRtitva nahIM hai| yataH jisa saMsyAke varga se vargamUlako ghaTAnepara jo zeSa rahe usakA varga karanepara usa saMkhyAse adhika rAzikI upalabdhi ho, vahI kRti hai| yaha kRtidharma tIna Adika saMkhyAoMmeM ho pAyA jAtA hai| ekake saMkhyAtvakA bhI niSedha AcArya nemicandrane kiyA hai, kyoMki ekakI ginatI gaNanAsaMkhyAmeM nahIM hotii| kAraNa spaSTa hai / eka ghaTako dekhakara, yahA~ ghaTa hai, isakI pratIti to hotI hai, para usakI tAdAdake viSayameM kucha jJAna nahIM hotaa| athavA dAna, samarpaNAdi kAlameM eka vastuko prAyaH ginatI nahIM kI jaatii| isakA kAraNa asama vyavahAra, sambhavavyavahArakA abhAva athavA ginanese alpatvakA bodha honA hai| uparyukta vaktavyakA parIkSaNa karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki saMkhyA 'samUha'ko jAnakArI prApta karaneke hetu hotI hai| manuSyako usake vikAsako prArambhika avasthAse hI isa prakArakA Antarika jJAna prApta hotA hai, jise hama sambodhanake 1. trilokasAra, prathamASikAra, gAthA 16 // 428 : tIkara mahAvIra aura camakI AcArya-paramparA

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abhAva meM saMkhyAjJAna kahate haiN| ataeva samUhagata pratyeka vastukI pRthaka-pRthaka jAnakArI ke abhAvameM samUhake madhya meM honevAle parivartanakA bodha nahIM ho sakatA hai| samahabodhakI kSamatA aura ginane kI kSamatA ina donoM meM paryApta antara hai| ginanA sIkhanese pUrva manuSyane saMkhyAjJAna prApta kiyA hogA / manuSyane samahake bIca rahakara saMkhyAkA bodha prApta kiyA hogaa| jaba use do samahoMko jor3ane kI AvazyakatA pratIta huI hogI, to dhanacihna aura dhanAsmaka saMkhyAeM prAdurbhUta huI hogii| saMkhyAjJAnake anantara manuSyane ginanA sIkhA aura ginane ke phalasvarUpa aMkagaNitakA Arambha huaa| aMkakA mahatva tabhI vyakta hotA hai, jaba hama kaI samUhoM meM eka saMkhyAko pAte haiN| isa avasthAmeM usa aMkakI bhAvanA hamAre hRdaya meM vastuoMse pRthak aMkita ho jAtI hai aura phalasvarUpa hama vastuoMkA bAra-bAra nAma na lekara unakI sakhyAko vyakta karate haiM / isa prakAra trilokasArameM saMkhyA, gaNanA, kRti AdikA svarUpa nirdhArita kiyA hai| saMkhyAoMke do bheda haiM---1. vAstavika aura 2. avAstavika / vAstavika saMkhyAeM bhI do prakArako haiM-saMgata aura asaMgata / prathama prakArako saMkhyAoMmeM bhinna rAziyoMkA samaha pAyA jAtA hai aura dvitIyA pAkI saMkhyAmoMmeM karaNIgata rAziyAM nihita haiN| ina rAziyoMke bhI asaMkhyAta bheda haiM / ApAyaM nemicandra ke saMkhyA-bhedoMko nimna prakAra vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai (ma) jaghanya-parIta-asaMbhyAta - sa + 1 (A) madhyama-parIta-asaMkhyAta - sa 'aghuu (i) utkRSTa-parIta-asaMkhyAta = a ya ja--1 (I) jaghanya-yukta-asaMkhyAta = (sa u + 1) (sa u+ 1) (u) madhyama-yukta-asaMkhyAta = (sa u+1) (sa u.-1)ayu u (ka) utkRSTa-yukta-asaMkhyAta - a yu u-ka Uja-1 (ka) jaghanya-asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAta= (ayuja)2 (kha) madhyama-asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAta - (a yuja) L a sa u (ga) utkRSTa-asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAta apaja 1 ghavalATIkAmeM anantake nimnalikhita bheda varNita haiM (ca) nAmAnanta-vastuke yathArthataH ananta hone yA na honekA vicAra kiye binA hI usakA bahutva prakaTa karaneke lie anantakA prayoga karanA nAmAnanta hai| ataghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 429

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(cha) sthApanAnanta - yathArthataH ananta nahIM, kintu kisI saMkhyA meM Aropita ananta " ! 1 (ja) dravyAnansa - tatkAla upayoga na Ate hue jJAnakI apekSA ananta (jha) gaNanAnanta saMkhyAtmaka ananta / (Ja) apradezikAnta - parimANahIna ananta / (Ta) ekAnanta - eka dizAtmaka ananta / (Tha) vistArAnanta - dvivistArAtmaka - pratarAtmaka anantAkAza / (Ga) ubhayAnanta - dvidizAtmaka ananta - eka sAMdhI rekhA, jo donoM dizAoM meM ananta taka jAtI hai / (Dha) sarvAnanta --- AkAzAtmaka ananta / (Na) bhAvAnanta - jJAnako apekSA ananta / anantake sAmAnyatayA 1. parItAnanta, 2 yuktAnanta, 3. anantAnanta ye tIna bheda mAne jAte haiN| ina tInoMke jadhanya, madhyama aura utkRSTake bhedase tInatIna bheda honese kula nau bheda ho jAte haiM / trilokasArameM ukta 3+9+9 - 21 bheda varNita hai / trilokasArameM dhArAsaMkhyAoMkA bhI kathana AyA hai / ye 14 prakArakI hotI haiM 1. sabaMdhArA - 1+2+3+4+ 5 'anantAnansa + na 2. samadhArA - 2+4+6+8+10+ 11 + 14 + 16 + 18 3. viSamadhArA - 1 + 2 = 3, 4 + - 1= 5, 6 + 1 = 7,8 + 1 = 13,14 + - 1 = 1 - - 1 = 9,10+1=11, 12 + - - - 1 - 19 na+ 15, 16 + 1 = 17, 18+ - 1 - na tathA vi + 1 qha 4. kRtidhArA - 13 - 1, 2-4, 39, 42 = 16, 52= 25, 6 = 36, 71 = 49, 82=64, 92 = 81, 102 = 100, 11 = 121, 122 = 144, 132 = 169 -- -naM I 5. akRtidhArA - 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17.... 10 na - 1 na A 6. ghanavArA--1 - 1, 2' = 8, 31 = 27, 4 - 64, 50 125, 6 - 216.....na' - na 430 : sIkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA

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7. adhanadhArA- 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, Nill 25, 26, 28, 63.............na na =natra 8. kRtimAtRkA yA vargamAtRkA-1, 2, 3, 5 ............."na/ - na 9. akRtimAtRkA yA avarga mAtRkA-/mU + 1. /mU +3 Vma + 2, ma+5 mana-na II 10. ghanamAtRkA-1, 2......................."na"........."na..........na 11. adhanamAtRkA-3 /mU +1 3/+2 3/mU +3 12. dvirUpavargadhArA-(2) = 65536, (2)12 = (65536)2 yA 4294967296, (2)64 = (4294967296) - 18446744073709551616 .....ni - na 13. virUpadhanadhArA-(2), (41, (9)3,.........."(m)| 14. virUpaghanAghanadhArA--[(2)2]3.....'[(4)]....." [(na-]]" isa prakAra trilokasArameM 14 dhArAoM ke kathanake pazcAt sAmAnyalokAdhikArameM hI vargazalAkA, arddhaccheda, viccheda, cartuccheda AdikA bho kathana AyA hai| addhaccheda gaNisako vartamAnameM laghugaNakasiddhAnta kahA gayA hai| acchedoM dvArA rAzijJAna prApta karaneke siddhAntakA vivecana karate hue trilokasArameM kaI niyama Aye haiN| isI prakAra kuNDagaNitake anantara palpa, sAgara, sUcyaMgula, pratarAMgula, ghanAMgala, jagaccheNI, jagatpratara aura dhanalokakA kathana AyA hai| palyake tIna bheda batalAye haiM-1. vyavahArapalya 2. ubArapalya 3. aura baddhApalya / isa prakAra saMkhyAoMkA vidhAna kara adholokakA kSetra dhRtadhara aura sArasvatAcArya : 431

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I r phala ATha AkRtiyoM dvArA nikAlA gayA hai / ye AkRtiyAM sAmAnya, UrdhvAyata, sirgAyata yavamuraja, yadamadhya, mandara, dUSya aura girikaTaka hai| pinaSTi kSetrakA kSetraphala to Azcaryajanaka rItimeM nikAlA gayA hai / agholokake pazcAt urdhvalokakA sAmAnya varNana AyA hai aura usakA bhI kSetraphala nikAlA gayA hai / isake pazcAt sanAlIkA kathana AyA hai| yaha trasanAlI eka rAju lambI aura cauga caur3I hotI hai sAdhikAra antargata hI narakoMke paTaloMkA kathana kiyA kiyA hai| prathama naraka meM 13, dvitIya meM 11, tRtomameM 9 caturtha meM 7, paMcamameM 5 SaSTa meM 3 aura saptama meM 1 indraka hai / pazcAt nArakIya jIvoMke rahana-sahana, unake kSetragata duHkha AdikA varNana kiyA hai / vastutaH isa granyameM jambUdvIpa, lavaNasamudra, mAnuSakSetra, bhavanavAsiyoMke rahaneke sthAna, AvAsa, bhavana, Ayu, parivAra AdikA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / graha, nakSatra, prakIrNaka, tArA evaM sUrya, candrake Ayu, vimAna, gati, parivAra AdikA bhI sAMgopAMga varNana pAyA jAtA hai| svargaki sukha, vimAna evaM vahA~ke nivAsiyoMkI zakti AdikA bhI kathana AyA hai| trilokakI racanAke sambandhameM sabhI prakArakI jAnakArI isa granyase prApta kI jA sakatI hai| labdhisAra AcArya nemicandrakI tIsarI racanA lambisAra hai / yaha bhI gAthAbaddha hai / isake do saMskaraNa prakAzita haiM - eka rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaIse aura dUsarA haribhAI devakaraNa granthamAlAse / isa grantha meM 649 gAthAeM haiM / sarvaprathama samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritrakI labdhi arthAt prAptikA kathana honeke kAraNa isake nAmakI sArthakatA batalAyI gayI hai| samyagdarzanakI prApti pA~ca labdhiyoMke prApta honepara hI hotI hai| ve labdhiyA~ haiM--kSayopazama, vizuddhi, dezanA, prAyogya aura krnn| inameMse prArambhakI vAra labdhiyoM to sarvasAdhAraNako hotI rahatI haiM, para karaNalabdhi sabhIko nahIM hotii| isake prApta honepara hI samyaktvakA lAbha hotA hai| ina labdhiyoMkA svarUpa granthake prArambhameM diyA hai / adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNako prAptiko hI karana for kahA gayA hai / anivRtti karake hone para antarmuhUrtake lie prathamopazama samyaktvakA lAbha hotA hai| prathamopazama samyaSasva ke kAlameM kama-se-kama eka samaya aura adhika se adhika chaha AvalI kAla zeSa rahanepara yadi banantAnubandhI kaSAyakA udaya A jAtA hai, to jIva samyaktvase vyuta hokara sAMsAdanasamyaksvI bana jAtA hai aura upazamasamyaktvakA kAla pUrA honepara yadi mithyAtvakarmakA udaya kA jAye, to jIva mithyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai| isa 432 : tIyaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI vAcArya paramparA

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prakAra 109 gAthAparyanta prathamopazamasamyaktvakA kathana hai| isa prakaraNameM 29 vIM gAyA kaSAyapAhuDakI hai aura 106, 108 aura 109 vI gAthA gommaTasAra jiivkaannddkii| gAthA 110 se kSAyikasamyaktvakA kathana Arambha hotA hai| darzanamohanIyakarmakA kSaya honese kSAyikasamyaktvakI prApti hotI hai, para darzanamohanIyakarmake kSayakA prArambha karmabhUmikA manuSya tIrthakarake pAdamUlameM athavA kevalI, zrutakevaloke pAdamUlameM karatA hai aura usakI pUrti vahIM athavA saudharmAdi kalpoMmeM athavA kalpAtItadevoM meM athavA bhogabhUmimeM athavA narakameM karatA hai, kyoMki baddhAyaSka kRtakRtyavedaka marakara cAroM gatiyoMmeM janma le sakatI hai| __anantAnubandhIcatuSka aura darzanamohanIyako tIna, ina sAta prakRtiyoMke kSayase utpanna huA kSAyikasamyakrava merukI taraha niSkampa, atyanta nirmala aura akSaya hotA hai / kSApikasamyagdRSTi usI bhavameM, tIsare bhavameM athavA cauthe bhavameM mukta ho jAtA hai ! bhAyikasamyaktvake kathanake sAtha darzanandhikA kathana bhI samApta ho jAtA hai| cAritralabdhi ekadeza aura sampUrNake bhedase do prakArakI hai| anAdimithyAdRSTi jIva upazamasamyaktvake sAtha dezacAritrako grahaNa karatA hai aura sAdimithyAdRSTi jIva upazamasamyaktva ayavA vedakasamyaktva ke sAtha dezacAritrako dhAraNa karatA hai| sakalanAriyala tIna bheda banAye haiM--kSAyopazamika, aupazamika aura kSAyika / kSAyopazamika cAritra chaTTe aura sAtaveM guNasthAnameM hotA hai| yaha upazama aura vedaka donoM hI prakArake samyavatvoMke sAtha utpanna hotA hai| mleccha manuSya bhI AyaM manuSyoM ke samAna sakalasaMyama dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra labdhisArameM, pAMcoM labdhiyoMkA vistArapUrvaka varNana AyA hai| kSapaNAsAra kSapaNAsArameM 653 gAthAeM haiM / yaha bhI gommaTasArakA uttarAdha jaisA hai| karmoko kSaya karanekI bidhikA nirUpaNa isa granthameM kiyA gayA hai| isakI prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki mAdhavacandra zrevedyane bAhulI mantrIko prArthanA para saMskRta-TIkA likhakara pUrNa kI hai| AcArya narendrasena amRtacandraka tattvArthasArakI zailIpara AcArya narendrasenane 'siddhAntasAra' saMgraha' nAmaka grantha racA hai / zailImeM samAnatA honepara bhI donoM nAmoMke anurUpa 1. siddhAntasArasaMgrahanAmaka grantha jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA zolApurase vi0 saM0 2013 meM prakAzita huA hai| zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 433

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viSayameM antara hai / tattvArthasArameM tattvArthasUtra aura usake TokAgranthoMkA sAra hai tathA usakA viSayAnukrama bhI tattvArthasUtrake anurUpa hai, para siddhAntasArasaMgrahameM siddhAntasambandhI aise viSaya cacita haiM jo tattvArthasUtra aura usakI TIkAoMke atirikta anyatra bhI prApta haiN| jovana-paricaya aura samaya-vidhAra anyake antameM granthakArane apanI prazasti dI hai, jisase avagata hotA hai ki lADavAgar3a saMghameM dharmasenanAmake digambara munirAja hue| unake pazcAt kramazaH zAntiSeNa, gopasena, bhAvasena, jayasena, brahmasena aura vIrasena hue| vIrasenake ziSya guNasena hue aura guNasenake ziSya narendrasana hue| jayasenamUrine 'dharmaratnAkara' nAmaka grantha racA hai / isako antima prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki yaha bhI lAuvAgar3a yA jhADavAgar3a saMghake AcArya the| inhoMne jo guruparamparA do hai usameM dharmasena, zAntiSeNa, gopasena, bhAvasena aura jayasenake nAma Aye haiN| yaha guru-paramparA narendrasenadvArA pradatta paramparAse milatIjulatI hai| ataH narendrasena dharmaratnAkarake kartA jayasenake vaMzaja hai / jayasenane dharmaratnAkarako prazastike antase usakA racanAkAla 1055 diyA hai| jayasena aura narendrasenake madhya meM brahmasena, vIrasena aura gaNasena nAmake tIna AcArya aura hue haiN| narendrasenane apane granthake madhyameM bhI do sthAnoMpara vIrasenakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura apaneko vIrasenase 'labdhaprasAda' kahA hai / ataH narendrasena vIrasenake samayameM vartamAna the aura jayasena tathA vIrasenake madhyameM kevala eka brahmasena Ate haiN| ata: jayasenake dharmaratnAkarakI samAptise adhika-se-adhika pacAsa varSa pazcAta arthAt vi0 saM0 1105 vIrasenakA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai| aura isa taraha narendrasenako vikramakI 12vIM zatAbdike dvitIya caraNakA vidvAn mAnanA ucita hai| amRtacandraka tattvArthasArase narendrasenako siddhAntasAra racanekI preraNA milo avagata hotI hai, kyoMki narendrasenake pUrvaja jayasenane apane dharmaralAkarameM amRta1. tenAgIyata jhADavAgaDa iti tveko hi saMgho'nava... ..."dharmasenogaNIMda.."tebhyaH zrI (tasmAcchI) zAMtiSaNaH samajani........zrIgopasenagururAvirabhUtsa...''jagatsubalinA zrIbhAvasenastataH .........."jagati jayasenAsya iha saH.........."iti zrI sUri jayasenaviracitaM dharmaratnAkaranAmazAstraM samAptam / -nAmya prazasti-saMgraha, prathama bhAga, vIrasevAmandira, dariyAgaMja dillI dvArA prakAzita, pR0-4| 434 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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candrake puruSApaMsiddhayupAyake aneka padya uddhRta kiye haiM / ataeva vi0 saM0 1050 ke pazcAt narendrasenakA honA svAbhAvika hai| siddhAntasArapara amitagatike zrAvakAcArakA bhI prabhAva sambhava hai / siddhAntasArake caturtha adhyAyameM nidAnake prazasta aura aprazasta medoMkA kathana kiyA hai / yaha sandarbha amitagatikA anukaraNa jAna par3atA hai / amitagati-zrAvakAcArake saptama adhyAyake 20,21 aura 22kheM padyakA siddhAntasAra caturtha adhyAyake padya 246-50 kA milAna karanepara amitagati-zrAvakAcArake ukta padyoMpara spaSTataH prabhAva jJAta hotA hai| amitagati mAthurasaMghake bAcArya the, yaha pahale kahA jA cukA hai| ataeva narendrasena bhI amitagatike samAna kASThAsaMghI hI pratIta hote haiN| kASThAsaMghameM nanditaTa, mAthura, bAgar3a aura lATavAgar3a yA jhADavAgaDa ye cAra prasiddha gaccha hue haiM, aisA surendrakotiviracita paTTAvalIse jhAta hotA hai kASThAsaMgho bhuvi khyAto jAnanti nRsurAsurAH / tatra gacchAzca catvAro rAjante vizrutAH kSitI // zrInanditaTasaMjJazca mAthuro vAgar3AbhiSaH / lAhanAsaha ilone vikhyAtAH mitimaNDale / ' zrI DaoN0 koThiyAjIne atyanta vistArapUrvaka inake vaMza aura samayapara vicAra kiyA hai| . nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI dvArA viracita gommaTasAra tathA trilokasArakA mI upayoga narendrasenane apanI racanAmeM kiyA pratIta hotA hai| unake jIvatattvaviSayaka varNanameM ukta granthoM ke aneka gAthAsUtra anuvAda jaise pratIta hote haiN| siddhAntasArasaMgrahake caturtha adhyAyameM kevali-bhukti aura stro-muktikA khaNDana hai, jo AcArya prabhAcandrake prameyakamalamArtaNDakA anusaraNa hai| prabhAcandrakA samaya vi0 saM0 1037-1122 nirdhArita kiyA hai| isase bhI narendrasena vi0 saM0 12voM zatIke vidvAn siddha hote haiN| racanA inakI eka hI racanA upalabdha hai-siddhaantsaarsNgrh| yaha gandha 12adhyAyoMmeM vibhAjita hai aura saMskRta-bhASAmeM anuSTupa chandoMmeM likhA gayA hai| pratyeka adhyAyake antameM chandaparivartana huA hai aura puSpikAmeM siddhAntasArasaMgraha-- yaha nAma diyA gayA hai| 1. janasAhityakA itihAsa pR0 277 para ur3hata / 2. pramANaprameyakAlikA, prastAvanA, pR. 50-59 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 435

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prathama adhyAya meM samyagdarzanakA nirUpaNa hai / samyagdarzanakA lakSaNa samantabhadrake 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke AdhArapara racA gayA hai| yathA sadRSTijJAnasadvRttaratnatritayanAyakeH / kathitaH paramo dharmaH dhaddhAnaM zuddhavRttInAM karmakakSakSayAnalaH | 1|33| devatAgamaliGginAm / moThayA didoSanirmukaM dRSTi dRSTivido viduH || 1934 'kareM tulanA sadRSTijJAnavRttAni dharmaM dharmezvarA viduH / X X zraddhAnaM paramArthAnAmAptAgamatapobhRtAm / trimUDhApoDhamaSTAGga samyagdarzanamasmayam // mithyAdRSTiyoM kA varNana karate hue gopUjA, popalavRkSapUjA evaM gatAnugatikase Aye hue lokavizvAsoMkA isameM nirdeza hai / isa granthameM bhAva - saMgrahake anusAra hI samyagdarzanake saMvega, nirveda Adi ATha guNoMkA kathana kiyA hai tathA AThoke lakSaNa bhI diye gaye haiM / muniyoMmeM doSa dekhanevAloMkI bhI nindA kI gayI hai / ina vizeSa bAtoMke atirikta samyagdarzana ke 25 doSoM aura 8 aMgoM kA bhI kathana hai / X -- X dvitIya adhyAya meM samyagjJAnakA varNana hai / isake Arambha meM hI jJAnako pramANa na mAnane aura indriya yA sannikarSa Adiko pramANa mAnanevAle naiyAyikavaizeSika Adi matoM kI samIkSA kI hai / matijJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana karate hue buddhi, Rddhike bhedoMkA bhI svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| zrutajJAnake prakaraNa meM dvAdazAGgake bheda-prabhedoM evaM aMgabAhyazrutake bhedoMkA svarUpa varNita hai / isa sandarbha meM dhavalA aura jayaghavalA meM batalAye hue svarUpase bhI kahIM kucha antara hai | udAharaNArthaM dazavekAlika ke svarUpako liyA jA sakatA hai| batAyA haidruma, puSpita Adi daza adhikAroMke dvArA jisameM sAdhuoM ke AcaraNakA varNana ho vaha dazavekAlika hai / ye daza adhikAra zvetAmbara paramparA dvArA mAnya daza - vaikAlika ke hI daza adhyAya hai / gommaTasAra jIvakANDake samAna zrutajJAnake paryAya, paryAya - samAsa, akSara, akSara-samAsa Adi 20 bhedoMkA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai / zeSa jJAnoMkA varNana to sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavAttika jaisA hai / tRtIya adhyAyameM cAritrakA varNana hai / ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacayaM 1. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, padma 324 / 436 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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aura aparigraha vratoM kA varNana narendrasena amitagatike zrAvakAcAra jaisA hI kiyA hai / yathA- yo yasya irate vittaM sa tambonniraH bahiraMgaM hi lokAnAM jIvitaM vittamucyate ' / / * X X X X yo yasya harati vittaM sa tasya jIvasya jIvitaM harati / AzvAsakaraM bAhyaM jIvAnAM jIvitaM vittam / / steya aura parigrahakA lakSaNa batalAnevAle sUtroMkI vyAkhyA meM sarvArthasiddhimeM jo zaGkA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai use bhI granthakArane jyoM-kA-tyoM apanA liyA hai / caturtha adhyAyameM aNuvrata aura mahAvratoMkA sAmAnya nirdezakara mithyAtva nAmaka zalyakA kathana karate hue aneka dArzanika matoMkI vistArapUrvaka carcA kI hai / AtmAko nityatA, kSaNikatA, bauddhoMkA zUnyavAda, cArvAkakA jar3avAda, sAMkhyakA kUTastha nityavAda, mImAMsakoMkA sarvajJAbhAvavAda, vedakI apIruSeyatA aura jagatatkartRtvavAdako samIkSA kI hai| zvetAmbara paramparA dvArA mAnya kevalI - kacalAhAra aura strImuktikI bhI AlocanA ko gayI hai / paMcama adhyAya meM jIvAdi tatvoMkA svarUpa varNita hai / jIvakA lakSaNa aura guNa varNana karane ke pazcAt usake kartRtva, amUrtatva, bhoktRtva, svadehaparimANatva, upayogamayatva, saMsAritva aura Urdhvagamana gharmokA varNana AyA hai| inakA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki bhATTa aura nAstika jIvako mUrta mAnate haiM, ataeva amUrta kahA hai / yoga zuddhacaitanyamaya mAnate haiM, isalie upayogamaya kahA hai / sAMkhya jIvako akarttA mAnatA hai, isalie kartApada diyA hai| yoga (naiyAyika) bhaTTa (mImAMsaka) aura sA~khya jIvako vyApI mAnate haiM, isalie svadehaparimANa kahA hai / isa adhyAyake agale saMdarbhoM kA viSaya sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavArtika ke dvitIya adhyAyake samAna AyA hai / nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva nikSepoMkA svarUpa sarvArthasiddhike samAna hI nibaddha hai 1 isa paMcama adhyAyakA uttarAdhaM tattvArthasUtra aura usake TIkAgranthoMke anusAra likhA gayA hai / chaThe adhyAyameM narakalokakA varNana karate hue sAtoM bhUmiyoMkA svarUpa, narakapaTala evaM narakoM ke biloMkA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| prakRti aura 1. siddhAntasAra saMgraha, 54 / 2. amitagati zrAvakAcAra -- 6 / 61 / ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 437

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karmodayase prApta honevAle duHkhoMkA bhI kayana AyA hai| isa adhyAyameM bhUmiyoMke varNa, prakAza evaM unake kSetra aura vistArakA bhI nirUpaNa hai / saptama adhyAyameM madhyaloka aura usake antargata jambUdvIpa, lavaNasamudra, ghAtakIkhaNDa, kAlodadhisamudra, puSkaravaradvIpa, mAnuSottara SaTkulAcala, bharata, airAvata Adi samakSatra, karmabhUmi, bhogabhUmi AdikA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / aSTama adhyAyameM vaimAnika dekoMkA varNana hai| saudharma, aizAna, sAnatkumAra, mAhendra Adi solaha svarga navarga gayA, jada adhunika dilya gA pannA, aya, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi vimAnoMkA kathana hai / tattvArthasUtrake samAna ho sthiti, prabhAva, sukha, dyuti, lezyA aura avadhijJAnakI uttarottara adhikatA pratipAdita ko hai| gati, zarIra, parigraha aura abhimAnako apekSA uttarottara hInatA batalAyI gayI hai / laukAntika devoMke medoMkA varNana kara devoMko utkRSTa aura jaghanya AyukA varNana kiyA hai| navama badhyAyameM ajIva, Asrava aura bandhatattvakA varNana kiyA hai / ajIvake pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza, aura kAla medoM, tathA jIva sahita SaDdavyoM, AsravakA svarUpa, Asravake pratyaya aura usake meda, bandhatattvakA svarUpa, bandhake kAraNa aura bandhake medoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana AyA hai| dazama adhyAyameM nirjarAtattvakA varNana karate hue tapake prasaGgase prAyazcittakA varNana bahuta vistArapUrvaka kiyA hai| aisA varNana anyatra nahIM AyA hai| vastuta: prAyazcitta hI isa adhyAyakA mukhya vayaM viSaya hai| kisa aparAdhake honepara kauna-sA prAyazcitta kaba grahaNa karanA cAhie, isakA vistArapUrvaka vivecana AyA hai| ekAdaza adhyAyame vinayatapase lekara dhyAnatapa takakA varNana hai / dhyAnake AtaM, raudra, ghamaM aura zukla ina cAroM dhyAnoMkA svarUpa, inake bheda tathA dharmadhyAnake piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta bhedoMkA svarUpasahita vivecana kiyA hai| ____ dvAdaza adhyAyameM bhagavatI-ArAdhanAke AdhArapara maraNake bheda batalAkara samAdhimaraNakA vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA hai| nizcayataH isa granthameM 'tattvArthasAra'kI apekSA adhika viSayoMkA samAveza hai| tattvArthasArameM cacita viSayoMkA vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA hI gayA hai| __ narendrasanake nAmase eka pratiSThAgrantha bhI milatA hai / para hamArA vicAra hai ki yaha ganya siddhAntasArasaMgrahake racayitA narendrasenakA na hokara kisI anya narendrasenakA hai| 438 : tIrthakara mahAvIra vIra unakI AcArya paramparA

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nemicandra muni abhI taka yaha dhAraNA calI A rahI thI ki dravyasaMgraha yA bRhadravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI haiM / para aba naye pramANoMke AlokameM yaha mAnyatA parivartita ho gayI hai| aba samIkSaka vidvAnoMkA abhimata hai ki dravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIse bhiSa anya koI nemicandra haiM, jinheM nemicandra siddhAntadeva yA micandrabhuni kahA gayA hai| bRhadrayasaMgahake TIkAkAra brahmadevane granthakA paricaya dete hue likhA hai__"atha mAlavadeza dhArAnAmanagarAdhipati rAjabhojadevAbhidhAnakalikAlacakravartisambandhinaH zrIpAlamaNDalezvarasya sambandhinyAzramanAmanagare zrImunisuvratatIrthakaracaityAlaye zuddhAtmadravyasaMvittisamutpannasukhAmRtarasAsvAdaviparItanArakAdiduHkhabhayabhItasya paramAtmabhAvanotpannasukhasudhArasapipAsitasya bhedAbhedaratnatyabhAvanApriyasya bhavyavarapuNDarIkasya bhANDAgArAdyanekaniyogAdhikArisomAbhidhAnarAjazreSThino nimittaM zrInemicandrasiddhAntidevaiH pUrva SaDvizatigAthAbhilaghudravyasaMgrahaM kRtvA pazcAdvizeSatattvaparijJAnArtha viracitasya bRhadravyasaMgrahasthAdhikArazuddhipUrvakatvena vRttiH prArabhyate / "' ___ mAlavadezameM dhArAnagarIkA svAmI kalikAlasarvajJarAjA bhojadeva thA / usase sambaddha maNDalezvara zrIpAlake AzramanAmaka nagarameM zrI munisuvratanAtha tIrthakarake caityAlayameM bhANDAgAra Adi aneka niyogoMke adhikArI somanAmaka rAjazreSThike lie zrI nemicandra siddhAntidevane pahale 26 gAthAoMke dvArA laghudravyasaMgraha nAmaka grantha rcaa| poche vizeSatattvoMke jJAnake liye bRhadvyasaMgraha nAmaka grantha rcaa| usakI vRttiko maiM prArambha karatA huuN| isa uddharaNase spaSTa hai bRhadravyasaMgraha aura laghudravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicandra siddhAntideva haiN| zrI DaoN0 darabArIlAlajI koThiyAne dravyasaMgrahakI prastAvanAmeM nemicandra nAmake vidvAnoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| inake matAnusAra prathama nemicandra gommaTasAra, trilokasAra, labdhisAra aura kSapaNAsAra jaise siddhAnta granthoMke racayitA haiN| inakI upAdhi siddhAntacakravartI thI aura gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamallaka 1. bRhadvya saMgraha, dillI saMskaraNa, vi0 saM0 2010, pR0 1-2 / 2. zrI darabArIlAla koThiyA dvArA sampAdita dravyasaMgraha, prastAvanA pR0 28, zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, vaaraannsii| zrutacara aura sArasvatAcArya : 439

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pradhAna senApati cAmuNDarAyake guru bhI the| inakA astitvakAla vi0 saM0 1035 yA I0 san 978 ke pazcAt hai / dvitIya nemicandra ve haiM, jinakA ullekha vasunandi siddhAntidevane apane upAsakAdhyayanameM kiyA hai aura jinheM jinAgamarUpa samudrakI velAtaraMgoMse ghule hRdayavAlA tathA sampUrNa jagata meM vikhyAta likhA hai sisso tasya jiNAgama-jalANa hi velA taraMga dhoyamaNo / saMjAo sayala - jae vikkhAo NemicaMdu ti // Airiya-paraMparAgayaM satyaM / tassa bacchallayAe bhaviyANa muvAsayajjhayaNaM // pasAeNa ma raiyaM aura mantri ddhAntideva ziSya / tRtIya nemicandra ve haiM jinhoMne siddhAntacakravartI nemicandrake gommaTasAra para jIvatattvapradIpikA nAmakI saMskRta TIkA likhI thii| yaha TIkA abhayacandrakI mandaprabodhikA aura kezavavarNIko saMskRta mizrita kannar3a TIkAke AdhArapara ravI gayI hai| ke 1 caturtha nemicandra sambhavataH dravya saMgrahake racayitA haiN| ataeva prathama aura tRtIya nemicandrako to eka nahIM kaha sakate / ye donoM do vyakti haiM / siddhAntacakravartI mUlagranthakAra hai aura tRtIya nemicandra TIkAkAra haiN| prathama nemicandrakA samaya ki0 kI 11boM ( I0 sa0 11) zatAbdI hai aura tRtIyakA I0 sankAM 16vIM zatAbdI | ataH ina donoM nemicandoMke paurvAparyaya meM 500 varSoM kA antarAla haiM / isIprakAra prathama aura dvitIya nemicandra bhI eka nahIM haiM / prathama nemicandra vi0 ko 11vIM zatAbdImaM hue haiM to dvitIya unase 100 varSa bAda vi0 ko 12vIM zatAbdImaM, kyoMki dvitIya nemicandra vasunandi siddhAntideva ke guru the aura vasunandikA samaya vi0 saM0 1950 ke lagabhaga hai / ina donoM nemicandroMkI upAdhiyAM bhI bhinna haiM | prathamakI upAdhi siddhAntacakravartI hai, to dvitayakI siddhAntideva | prathama aura caturthaM nemicandra bhI bhinna haiM / prathama apaneka siddhAntacakravartI kahate haiM, tAM caturtha apanako 'tanusutradhara' / bRhadravyasaMgrahakaM saMskRta TIkAkAra brahmadevane dravyasaMgrahakArako siddhAntideva likhA hai, siddhAntacakravartI nahIM / ataeva hamArI dRSTimeM dravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicandra siddhAntideva hai / paNDita AzAdharajAna vasunandi siddhAntidevakA sAgAradharmAmRta aura anagAradharmA1. upAsakAdhyayana, gAthA, 543, 544 / 440 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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mRta donoM hI TIkAoM meM ullekha kiyA hai aura vasunandine ina siddhAntidevakA apane guruke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai tathA inheM zrInandikA praziSya evaM nayanandikA ziSya batalAyA hai| ye nayanandi yadi 'mudaMsaNacariu' ke racayitA haiM, jisakI racanA unhoMne bhojadevake rAjyakAlameM vi0 saM0 1100 meM kI thI, to nemicandra siddhAntideva nayanandi se kucha hI utaravartI aura vasurnAndame kucha pUrvavartI, arthAt vi0 saM0 1125 ke lagabhagake vidvAna siddha hote haiN| paMDita AzAdharajI ne dravyasaMgrahakAra nemicandrakA ullekha kiyA hai / ataeva vasunandi siddhAntadeva ke guru hI hoge| samaya- vicAra nayanandine apanA 'sudaMsaNacariu vi0 saM0 1100 meM pUrNa kiyA hai| ataH nayanandikA astitva samaya vi0 saM0 1100 hai / yadi inake ziSya nemicandrako inase 25 varSa uttaravartI mAnA jAya to inakA samaya lagabhaga vi0 saM0 1125 siddha hotA hai / inake ziSya vasunandikA samaya vi0 saM0 1950 mAnA jAtA hai / ataeva nayanandi aura vasunandike madhya honeke kAraNa nemicandra siddhAntidevakA samaya vi0 saM0 1125 ke Asa-pAsa honA cAhiye / brahmadevake anusAra yaha grantha bhojake rAjyakAla arthAt vi0 saM0 kI 12vIM zatAbdI ( I0 san 11vIM zatI) meM likhA gayA hai / ataeva dravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicandra siddhAntidevakA samaya vi0 saM0 kI 12vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArdha hai 1 arthAt I0 sankI 11vIM zatIkA antima pAda hai| DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyAne apanA phalitArtha upasthita karate hue likhA hai "yadi nayanandike ziSya nemicandrako unase adhika se adhika 25 varSa poche mAnA jAya to ve lagabhaga vi0 saM0 1125 ke Thaharate haiN|" dravya saMgrahakI racanA AzramanagarameM batalAI gayI hai| yaha Azramanagara 'AzA ramyapaTTaNa', 'Azramapattana', 'paTTaNa' aura 'puTabhedana' ke nAmase ullikhita | dIpacandrapANDayA aura DaoN0 dazaratha zarmAka anusAra isa nagarako sthiti rAjasthAna ke antargata koTAse uttara-pUrabakI ora lagabhaga nau mIlakI dUrI para bUMdose lagabhaga tIna molako dUrIpara cambala nadIpara avasthita vartamAna 'kezavarAyapATana' athavA pATanakezavarAya hI hai / prAcInakAla meM yaha rAjA bhojadeva ke paramAra sAmrAjya ke antargata mAlavA meM rahA hai| apanI prAkRtika ramyatA ke kAraNa yaha sthAna AzramabhUmi (tapovana) ke upayukta honeke kAraNa Azrama kahalAnekA adhikArI haiN| 1. dravyasaMgraha prastAvanA, pR0 36 / zrutavara aura sArasvatAcArya : 441

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racanAe~ nemicandra siddhAntidevakI do hI racanAe~ upalabdha haiM - 1. laghudravyasaMgraha aura 2. bRhadravyasaMgraha / laghudravyasaMgraha isakI prathama gAthA meM granthakArane jinendradeva ke stavanake pazcAt prantha meM varNita viSayakA nirdeza karate hue batAyA hai ki jisane chaha dravya, pA~ca astikAya, saptatattva aura navapadArthoM kA tathA utpAdavyayadhIvyakA kathana kiyA hai, ve jina jayavanta hoM / spaSTa hai ki isa grantha meM Sadravya, pA~ca astikAya, sAtatattva, navapadArtha aura utpAda vyaya zrIvya aura dhyAnakA kathana kiyA gayA hai / pA~ca astikAya to chaha dravyoMke antargata hI haiM / yataH jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla se chaha dravya haiM aura kAlake atirikta zeSa pA~ca dravya bahupradezI honese astikAya kahe jAte haiM / isI taraha jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa, puNya aura pApa ye nau padArtha haiN| inameMse puNya-pApako pRthak kara denepara zekha tattva haiN| isa prakAra isa grantha meM dravya tattva, padArtha aura astikAyoMkA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai / laghudravyasaMgraha meM kula 25 gAthAe~ haiM / pahalI gAthA meM vaktavya viSaya ke nirdezake sAtha maMgalAcaraNa hai| dUsarI gAthA meM dravyoM aura astikAyoMkA tathA tIsarI gAthAmeM tattvoM aura padArthokara nAma nirdeza kiyA hai| gyAraha gAthAoM meM dravyoMkA pA~ca gAthAoM meM tattvoM aura padArthoM kA evaM do gAthAoM meM utpAda, vyaya aura zrIvyakA kathana kiyA hai / uttaravartI do gAthAoMmeM dhyAnakA nirUpaNa AyA hai / 24 cI gAthA meM namaskAra aura 25 vIM gAthA meM nAmAdi kathana hai / saMkSepameM jaina tattvajJAnakI jAnakArI isa granthase prApta kI jA sakatI hai| , dravyoM ke svarUpako batalAnevAlI gAthAoM meM gAthA - saMkhyA 8, 9, 10 aura 11 kA pUrvArddha aura 12 tathA 14 gAthAeM bRhadravyasaMgraha meM bhI pAyI jAtI haiN| zeSa gAthAe~ bhinna haiM / brahmadevake anusAra isameM eka gAthA kama hai / sambhava hai ki laghuvyasaMgrahako prApta pratimeM eka gAthA chUTa gayI ho / bRhadadravyasaMgraha bRhadravyasaMgraha aura paMcAstikAyako tulanA karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki paMcAstikAyakI zailI aura vastuko dravyasaMgrahakArane apanAyA hai, jisase use laghupaMcAstikAya kahA jA sakatA hai| paMcAstikAya bhI tIna adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai aura dravyasaMgraha bhI sIna adhikaaroNmeN| paMcAstikAyake prathama adhikArameM dravyoM kA, dvitIyameM nau padArthoM kA aura tRtIyameM vyavahAra evaM nizcaya 442 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unako AcArya paramparA

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mokSamArgakA kathana AyA hai / dravyasaMgrahake tInoM adhikAroMmeM bhI kramazaH uksa vipara hI zrAdA hai| paMcArikamameM sanA, prANa, paryAya Adiko dArzanika carcAe~ haiM, para dravyasaMgrahameM unakA abhAva hai| isakA kAraNa yaha pratIta hotA hai ki jainatattvoMke prAthamika abhyAsIke lie ukta dArzanika carcAeM durUha haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki somaveSThike bodhArtha paMcAstikAyake rahane para bhI isa isa granthake racaneko ganthakArako AvazyakatA pratota huii| __ullekhanIya hai ki dravyasaMgahakArane nizcaya evaM vyavahAra donoM nayAMse nirUpaNa kiyA hai| vyavahAramayameM kisI avAntara bhedakA nirdeza to dravyasaMgrahameM nahIM hai kintu nizcayake zuddha aura azuddha bhedoMkA nirdeza avazya hai / ___ granthameM 58 gAthAe~ haiN| prathama gAthAmeM jIva aura ajIva dravyoMkA kathana karanevAle bhagavAna RSabhadevako namaskAra kara gandhakArane granthameM vaktavya viSayakA bhI nirdeza kara diyA hai / dUsarI gAthAse jIvadravyakA kathana Arambha hotA hai / isameM jIvako jIva, upayogamaya, amUrtika, kartA, svadehaparimANa, bhoktA, saMsAro aura svabhAvase udhvaMgamana karanevAlA batalAyA hai / yathA jIvo uvaogamao amutti kattA sdehprimaanno| bhottA saMsArattho siddho so vissasoDDhagaI' / / isa gAthAke dvArA nau avAntara adhikAroMko sUcanA dI gayI hai / gAthAmeM nirdiSTa kramase pratyeka adhikArakA kathana nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayako apekSAse kiyA hai| paMcastikAyameM bhI isI taraha kathana hai / jovo tti havadi cedA uvaogavisesido pahU kttaa| bhottA ya dehamatto Na hi mutto kmmsNjutto|| kammamalaviSpamukko uDDhe logassa aNtmdhigNtaa| so samvaNANa-darisI lahadi suhamaNidiyamaNaMta / / AtmA jIva hai, upayogamaya hai, prabhu hai, kartA hai, bhoktA hai, zarIraparimANa hai, amUrtika hai, karmasaMyuka hai aura udhvaMgamanasvabhAva hai| paMcAstikAyakI isa zailIkA hI upayoga dravyasaMgrahakArane kiyA hai / 15vIM gAthAse ajIvadravyoMkA kathana prArambha hotA hai| 16vIM gAthAmeM tattvArthasUtrake samAna zabdAdiko pudgalakA paryAya kahA hai / 28 gAthAse Asrava Adi tasvoMkA varNana prArambha hotA hai| bhAva aura dravyakI apekSA pratyekake do-do 1. bRhadadravyasaMgraha, vAyA 2 / 2. paJcAstikAya, nAthA 27, 28 / vRtaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 443

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bheda batalAkara bahuta hI saMkSepa meM kintu sarala aura spaSTa vivecana kiyA hai / gAthA 35 meM vrata, samiti, gusi, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSahjaya aura cAritrako bhAvasaMvarake bheda batalAyA hai / tasvArtha sUtrameM vratoMko to puSyAsrava mAnA hai aura zeSako saMvarakA hetu batalAyA hai | vratoMmeM nivRttikA aMza bhI hotA hai / ataeva yahAM vratoMko saMvarakA hetu batalAyA gayA hai / tRtIya adhikAra meM dvividha mokSamArgakA kathana karate hue samyagdarzana samyajJAna aura samyakcAritrakA svarUpa batalAkara dhyAnAbhyAsa karanepara jora diyA hai, kyoMki dhyAnake binA mokSakI prApti sambhava nahIM hai| dhyAnake bheda aura svarUpAdikakA kathana to isa grantha meM nahIM AyA hai, kintu paMcaparameSThiyoM ke vAcaka mantroMko japane tathA unakA dhyAna karanekI preraNA kI hai aura isaliye arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ina paMcaparameSThiyoM kA svarUpa ekaeka gAthAke dvArA batalAyA gayA hai / antameM tapa, zruta aura vratoMkA dhArI AtmA hI dhyAna karanemeM samartha hai, kA kathana kiyA hai| isa prakAra granthakArane isameM bahuta saMkSepameM jainadarzanake pramukha tattvoMkA kathana kiyA hai / 58vIM gAthA meM granthakArane apane nAmakA nirdeza karate hue laghutA prakaTa kI haiMdavvasaMga miNaM suNiNAhA dosa-saMcaya cudA suda- puNNA / sodhayaM tu taNu-suttadhareNa NemicaMdamuniNA bhaNiya' jaM // yaha dravyasaMgraha alpasUtradhArI nemicandra munike dvArA racA gayA hai / guNoMke bhaNDAra, zrutajJAnI zramaNanAyaka ise nirdoSa banA leveM / anya carcita sArasvatAcArya pUrvokta varNita pramukha sArasvatAcAryoMke atirikta aise bhI kaI anya sArasvatAcArya milate haiM, jinakI svatantra racanAeM upalabdha nahIM haiM athavA jinake vyaktitva ke sambandha meM svatantrarUpase jAnakArI prApta nahIM hotI hai / kintu apane samaya meM asAdhAraNa vyaktitva honeke kAraNa inake nirdeza harivaMzapurANa, AdipurANa athavA anya granthoM meM prApta hote hai / ataeva yahA~ aise AcAryoMpara bhI kucha prakAza DAlA jAtA hai / AcArya siMhanandi gaMga- rAjavaMzakI sthApanAmeM sahAyatA denevAle AcAryaM siMhanandi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| gaMgavaMzakA sambandha prAcIna ikSvAkuvaMzase mAnA jAtA hai| mUlataH 1. bRhadvavyasaMgraha, gAthA 58 / 444 : sIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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yaha vaMza uttara yA pUrvottarakA nivAsI thA / I0 sankI dUsarI zatAbdI ke lagabhaga ima vaMzake do rAjakumAra dakSiNa meM aaye| unake nAma daDiga aura mAdhava the / pera nAmaka sthAnameM unakI bheMTa jainAcAryaM sihnandise huI / sinandine unakI yogyatA aura zAsanakSamatA dekhakara unheM zAsanakAryaM kI zikSA dii| eka pattharakA stambha sAmrAjyadevIko praveza karanese roka rahA thA / siMhanandiko AjJAse mAdhavane use kATa DAlA / siMhnandine unheM eka rAjyakA zAsaka banA diyA | sinandikA yaha AkhyAna maisUra rAjyase prApta 1122 I0 ke eka abhilekhameM aMkita hai / isa abhilekha meM batAyA hai ki padmanAbha rAjAke Upara ujjaina ke mahIpAlane AkramaNa kiyA taba usane daDiMga aura mAdhava nAmake do putroMko dakSiNa kI ora bheja diyaa| pratidina yAtrA karate-karate ve perUra nAmaka sthAnameM phne| unhoMne vahIM apanA zivira sthApita kiyA / yahA~ eka sarovara ke nikaTa caityAlaya ke darzana kara unhoMne usakI tIna pradakSiNAeM kIM aura AcArya siMhanandikI vandanA kara unake nikaTa baiTha gaye / AcAryane unheM AzIrvAda diyA / unakI bhakti prasanna hokara devI padmAvatI prakaTa huI aura usane unheM talavAra evaM rAjya pradAna kiyA / samasta rAjya mArane pIne karate hue kahA "yadi 'tuma apane vacanako pUrA na karoge yA jinazAsanako sAhAyya na doge, dUsaroMkI striyoM kA yadi apaharaNa karoge, madya- mA~sakA yadi sevana karoge, yA nIcoM kI saMgati meM rahoge, Avazyaka honepara bhI yadi dUsaroMko apanA dhana nahIM dAge aura yadi yuddha ke maidAna meM pITha dikhAoge to tumhArA vaMza naSTa ho jAyegA" / san 1929 I0 ke eka dUsare abhilekha meM likhA hai ki sinandi munine apane ziSyoMko arhanta bhagavAnakI dhyAnarUpI tIkSNa talavAra bhI kRpA karake pradAna kI thI, jo ghAtikarmarUpI zatrusainyakI parvatamAlAko kATa DAlatI hai / siMhanandiko mUlasaMgha kundakundAntraya, kANUragaNa aura meSapASANagacchakA AcArya tathA dakSiNavAsI batAyA hai| sihnandike prabhAvase hI gaMgarAjAoMne jainadharmako saMrakSaNa pradAna kiyA thA / caturtha zatAbdIse dvAdaza zatAbdI taka abhilekhoMse pramANita hotA hai ki gaMgavaMzake zAsakoMne jainamandiroMkA nirmANa karAyA, jainamUrtiyA~ pratiSThita karAyoM, jainasAdhuoMke nivAsake lie guphAe~ banavAyIM aura jainAcAryoMko dAna diyA / eka virudAvalI meM sinandi AcA 1. Mediaeval Jainism P. 1 tathA jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 2, abhilekha P saMkhyA 277 / bhUtavara aura sArasvatAcArya 445

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yaMko atyanta prabhAvaka AcArya batAyA gayA hai| kahA gayA hai ki sampUrNa saMsArarUpa kamalavanako vikasita karanemeM sUryake samAna tapasyAko chavise utpanna prabhA dvArA sabhI dizAoMke andhakArako dUra karane vAle siddhAnta-samudrako vaddhi meM candramAsvarUpa, mithyAtvarUpI andhakArako dUra karaneke lie sayaMtulya, paravAdiyoMke siddhAntarUpI gajake mastakako vidIrNa karanemeM siMhake samAna zrIlosAyada, prabhAva, bhivAna, mAnunandi aura zihanandi yogIndra hue| ___ isa sandarbha meM Aye hue siMhanandi pUrvokta gaMgavaMza-saMsthApaka siMhanandise abhinna hoM, to unakI vidvattA jagatprasiddha pratIta hotI hai| isa virudAvalI meM pUjyapAda, guNanandi, baccanandi aura kumAranandike pazcAta siMhanandikA ullekha AyA hai| ataH bahata sambhava hai ki yaha siMhanandi gaMgavaMza-saMsthApaka siMhanandi hI haiM / ye Agama, tarka, rAjanIti aura vyAkaraNa zAstra Adi viSayoMke jJAtA the 1 inakA samaya I0 sanakI dvitIya zatAbdI hai| uparyukta ullekhoMse vidita hai ki gaMgavaMza-saMsthApaka siMhandi rAjanItike sAtha Agama-zAstrake bhI zAtA the| ataH asambhava nahIM ki inakI racanAeM bhI rahI hoM, jo Aja upalabdha nhiiN| AcArya sumati AcArya sumatidevakA ullekha sanmati-TIkAkArake rUpameM pAyA jAtA hai| AcArya vAdirAjane apane pArzvanASacaritameM sumatidevakA nimnaprakAra ullekha kiyA hai namaH sanmataye tasmai bhava-kUpa-nipAtinAm / sanmativivRtA yena sukhadhAma-pravezinI / / 1 / 22 / / AcArya Tugalakizora mukhtArane anumAna kiyA hai ki sumatidevakI yaha TokA 11vIM zatAbdIke zvetAmbarAcArya abhayadevako TIkAse lagabhaga tIna zatAbdI pahaleko honI caahiye| ina AcArya aura unake siddhAntakA ullekha tattvasaMgrahameM pratyakSalakSaNasamIkSA sandarbhameM tatvasaMgrahakAra aura unake ziSya kamalazIlane bhI kiyA hai"nanvityAdinA prathame hetI sumatedigambarasya matenAsiddhatAmAzate / sa hi sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatvenobhayarUpaM sarva vastu vargayati / sAmAnyaM ca dvirUpam....." 1. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAma 9, kiraNa 2, pR0 110 / / 2. purAtana jainavAkpasUnI, vIra sevA mandira, prathama saMskaraNa, prastAvanA, 121 / 446 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura vanako AcArya paramparA

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0 saM0 paMjikA, kA0 1264 | "atra kila tenaiva sumatinA svayamAzaGkaya sAmAnyena hetoranaikAntikatvaM parihRtam tadevAdarzayati- nivizeSamityAdi / " (ta0 saM0 kA 0 1275) / zravaNabelagolAke abhilekha - saMkhyA 54meM bhI sumatidevakA ullekha AyA hai | yaha abhilekha zaka saMvat 1050kA hai / yathA 4 sumati-devamamuM stutayena vassumati-saptakamAptatayA kRtaM 1 parihRtApathatattva- pathAtthinAM sumati-koTi- divasabhavAttihRt // isa padyase spaSTa hai ki sumatideva acche prabhAvazAlI vArSika hue haiM, jinakA sthitikAla 8vIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga rahA hai / tattvasaMgraha aura zilAlekha ke ullekha batalAte haiM ki AcArya sumatideva pramANa aura nayake viziSTa vidvAn haiN| tArkikake rUpameM inakI khyAti 8vIM vIM zatAbdI meM pUrNatayA vyApta rahI hai / AcArya kumAranandi Aja kumAranandikI koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hai / para unake tathA unake grantha ke ullekha kaI sthAnoMpara prApta hote haiM | AcArya vidyAnandane apane grantha pramANa-parIkSA, patra parIkSA aura tattvArthazlokavArtikameM kumAranandikA ullekha kiyA hai / pramANa-parIkSA meM likhA hai tathA cAbhyadhAyi kumAranandibhaTTAraka:anyathAnupapatyeka lakSaNaM liGgamaMgyate / prayogaparipATI tu pratipAdyAnurodhataH // 2 patraparIkSAmeM kumAranandi aura unake 'vadanyAya' grantha donoMkA bhI ullekha prApta hotA hai / likhA hai tathaiva hi kumAranandibhaTTArakerapi svavAdanyAye nigaditatvAt / tadAha -- pratipAdyAnurodhena prayogeSu punaryathA / pratijJA procyate tAMstathodAharaNAdikam // anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNaM liMgamaMgyate / prayogaparipATI tu pratipAdyAnuroSataH // 3 1. jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, abhilekha saMkhyA 54, padya 13 / 2. pramANaparIkSA, pR0 3 / 3. patraparIkSA, pR0 3 / ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 447

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tattvArthazlokavAtikameM bhI unake badanyAyakA nirdeza mAyA hai kumAranandinazcAhudinyAvicakSaNAH' / AcArya vidyAnandake ukta uddharaNoMse prakaTa hai ki kumAranandi vidyAnandake pUrvavartI AcArya haiN| inhoMne vAdanyAyakA praNayana kiyA thA, jisakI katipaya kArikAeM vidyAnandake apane granthoMmeM uddhRta kI haiN| nAgamaMgala tAmrapatra meM bhI kumAranandikA ullekha AyA hai, jo zrIpurake jinAlayake lie zaka saM0698 (vi. saM. 833) meM likhA gayA hai| isameM caMdranaMdike ziSya kumAranandi, kumAranandike ziSya kotinandi aura kotinandike ziSya vimalacandrakA ullekha hai| ataeva nAgamaMgala tAmrapatrameM ullikhita kumAranandi yadi prastuta kumAranandi hI haiM, to inakA samaya vi0 saM0 kI 8 vIM zatAbdI honA cAhiye / tAmrapatrakI paMktiyAM nimnaprakAra hai "aSTAnavatyuttare SaTchateSu zakavarSeSvatoteSvAramAnaH pravarddhamAna-vijayavIryasaMvatsare paMcazasame pravarttamAne mAnyapuramadhivasatti vijayaskaMdAvAre zrImUlamUlazarNAbhinaMditanandisaMghAnvaya eregittunAmni gaNe mUlikalpacche svacchataraguNikiraH)sati-prahAnirAsa lokaH vAyaraH candranandinAmagururAsIt / tasya ziSyassamastavibudhalokaparirakSaNa-kSamAtmazaktiH paramezvaralAlanIyamahimA kumAravadviti (ne)ya: kumAranandinAmamunipatirabhavat / tasyAntevAsi-samadhigata sakalatattvArtha-samarpita-bughasArdha-sampatsampAditakotiH kIrtinandyAcAryoM nAma mahAmunissamajAna | tasya priyaziSya: ziSyajanakamalAkara-prabodhanaka: mithyAzAnasaMtatasanutasvasanmAnAntaka-saddharma-vyomAvabhAsanabhAskaraH vimalacandrAcAryassamudapAdi / tasya mhrsserdhrmopdeshnyaa...............2|" isa tAmrapatrameM kumAranandiko samasta vicallokakA parirakSaka aura munipati kahA hai| isase sambhAvanA hai ki vidyAnanda dvArA ullikhita aura vAdanyAyake kartA tAkika kumAranandi kA hI isameM gaNakIrtana hai| jo ho, itanA spaSTa hai ki AcArya kumAranandi eka prabhAvazAlI tArkika evaM 'vAdanyAyavicakSaNa' granthakAra the| AcArya zrIdatta tapasvI aura pravAdiyoMke vijetAke rUpameM inakA ullekha milatA hai| AdipurANameM batAyA hai1. tatvArthazlokavArtika pR0 280 / 2. purAtana-janavAkya-sUcI, prastAvanA, pR0 67 / 48 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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zrIdattAya namastasmai kaNThIravAyirsa yena maiM una zrIdattake liye namaskAra karatA hai, jinakA zarIra tapolakSmIse atyanta sundara hai aura pravAdarUpI hastiyoMke bhedana meM siMhake samAna the / tapaH zrIdI samartaye / pravAdIbha prabhadane' || zrIvasa bAdI aura dArzanika vidvAna the / AcArya vidyAnandane inako 63 vAdiyoMko parAjita karanevAlA likhA hai| vikramakI chaThI zatake vidvAna devanandite jainendradhyAkaraNameM 'guNe zrIdattasya striyA ( 124)34) sUtrameM zrIdattakA ullekha kiyA hai / vevanandi dvArA ullikhita, AdipurANa tathA tasvArthazlokavAtikameM nirdiSTa zrIdatta eka hI hoM, to inakA samaya devanandase pUrva arthAt vi0 saM0kI cauthI pAMcavIM zatI honA caahie| jalpanirNaya nAmaka mahatvapUrNa granthakA inheM racayitA bhI kahA gayA hai| vidyAnandane tattvArtha lokavAstika pR0 280 para likhA hai dviprakAraM jaga jalpaM tatva prAtibhagocaram | triSaSThedinAM jetA zrIdatto jalpanirNaye // kumArasenaguru candrodaya granthake racayitA prabhAcandrake Apa guru the / ApakA nirmala yaza samudrAnta vyApta thA / AkUpAraM yazo loke guroH kumArasenasya prabhAcandrodayojjavalam / vizvaratyajitAtmakam // arthAt kumArasena gurukA yaza isa saMsAra meM samudraparyanta sarvatra vicaraNa karatA hai, jo prabhAcandranAmaka ziSyake udayase ujjavala hai, tathA jo avijita rUpa hai- kisIke dvArA jItA nahIM jA sakatA hai | cAmuNDarAyapurANa ke pandrahaveM padyameM bhI inakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki kumArasenaguru bar3e ho yazasvI sArasvata the / DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene inakA paricaya dete hue jainasaMdezake zodhAMka 12 meM likhA hai-- ki ye mUlaguNDanAmaka sthAnapara AtmatyAgako svIkAra karake 'koppaNAdri' para vyAnastha ho gaye aura samAdhimaraNapUrvaka svargalAbha kiyA / ' inake sambandha darzanasAra meM batAyA hai-- 1. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa, 1145 / 2. harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa 1138 / ghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 449

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gaMdiyaDhe karagAme kumAraseNo ya satyaviNNANI kaTTho daMsaNabhaTTo jAdo sallehaNAkAle / ' arthAt kASThAsaMghake saMsthApakake rUpameM kumArasenakA nAma AtA hai| batAyA hai ki vikrama rAjAkI mRtyuke 753 varSa pazcAt nandItaTagrAmameM kASThAsaMgha huaa| isa nandItaTagrAmameM kumArasenanAmakA zAstrajJa vidvAn sAllekhanAke samaya darzanase bhraSTa hokara, kASThAsaMghI huaa| kumArasenakA samaya vi0 kI 8vIM zatAbdI agavata hotA hai| vakAsUri ye vajrasUri devanandi-pUjyapAdake ziSya drAvir3a saMghake saMsthApaka bakAnandi jAna par3ate haiM / harivaMzapurANa meM inake sambandhameM kahA hai basUrevicAriNyaH sahekhorbandhamokSayoH / pramANa dharmazAstrANAM pravaktRNAmivoktayaH / / arthAt jo hetu sahita bandha aura mokSakA vicAra karanevAlI haiM aisI zrI vajrasUrikI uktiyA~ dharmazAstroMkA vyAkhyAna karanevAle gaNadharoMkI saktiyoM ke samAna pramANarUpa haiN| isa ullekhase spaSTa hai ki vacasUrike vacana gaNagharoMke samAna mAnya the| darzanasArake ullekhAnusAra inakA samaya chaThI zatI pratIta hotA hai| siripujjapAdasIso dAviDasaMghassa kArago duTTho / NAmeNa vajmaNaMdI pAhadavedo mhaastto| paMcasae chabbIse bikkamarAyassa maraNapattassa ! dakSiNamaharAjAdo dAviDasaMgho mahAmoho || yazobhadra prakhara tAkikake rUpameM jinasenane inakA smaraNa kiyA hai| Adi rANameM batAyA hai viduSviNISu saMsatsu yasya nAmApi kIrtitam / nikharvayati sadgarva yazobhadraH sa pAtu naH / 1. darzanasAra, gAthA 39 / / 2. vahI, gAthA 24 / 3. vahIM, gAthA 28 / 4, AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa, 1 / 46 . 450 : tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA

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arthAt vidvAnoMko sabhAmeM jinakA nAma kaha dene mAtrase sabhIkA gavaM dUra ho jAtA hai, ve yazobhadra svAmI hamArI rakSA kreN| jainendra vyAkaraNameM "kva vRSimRjao yazobhadrasya" (221190) sUtra AyA hai / ataH jinasenake dvArA ullikhita yazobhadra aura devanandike jainendra vyAkaraNameM nirdiSTa yazobhadra yadi eka hI haiM, so inakA samaya vi0 saM0 chaThI zatIke pUrva honA caahiye| AcArya zAnta athavA zAntiSaNa AcArya zAnta athavA zAntiSeSakA sAhityameM savizeSa ullekha hai| inakI utprekSAlakArase yukta vakroktiyoMkI prazaMsA kI gayI hai| batAyA hai zAntasyApi ca vakroktI ramyosprekSA balAnmanaH / kasya nodghATite'nyarthe ramaNIye'nurajayet // arthAt zrI zAnta kavikI vakroktirUpa racanA ramaNIya utprekSAoMke balase manohara arthake prakaTa honepara kisake manako anurakta nahIM karatI hai| jinasenane apanI guruparamparAkA varNana karate hue jayasenake pUrva eka zAntiSeNa AcAryakA nAmollekha kiyA hai / yadi ye zAnta hI zAntiSaNa hoM, to jinasenakI guruparamparAmeM nAma Ane ke kAraNa inakA samaya 7vIM zatAbdI honA caahiye| harivaMzapurANake antameM dI huI prazastimeM vinayandhara, guptazruti, guptaRSi, munIzvara, zivagupta, arhadvali, mandarAya, mitraviravi, valadeva, mitraka, siMhabala, vIravita, payasena, vyAghahasta, nAgahasti, jitadaNDa, nandiSeNa, dIpasena, zrIdharasena, suvarmasena, siMhasena, sunandiSeNa, Izvarasena, sunandiSeNa, abhayasena, siddhasena, abhayasena, bhImasena, jinasena aura zAntirSaNa AcArya hue / anantara jayasena, amitasena, kItisena aura jinasena hue haiM / spaSTa hai ki zAstiSeNa acche kavi aura dArzanika the| vizeSavAdi harivaMzapurANake ullekhoMse avagata hotA hai ki inako koI gadya-padyamaya racanA rahI hai| vAdirAjane bhI apane pArzvanAthacaritameM vizeSavAdikA ullekha kiyA hai / jinasenane likhA hai1. harivaMzapurANa, jJAnapITha saMskaraNa. iloka 1136 / 2. vahIM, 66, 25-33 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 451

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yo'zeSoktivizeSeSu vizeSaH pacAdyayoH / vizeSavAditA tasya vizeSatrayavAdinaH ' // arthAt jo gadya-padya sambandhI samasta viziSTa uktiyoMke viSaya meM vizeSa arthAt tilakarUpa hai, tathA jo vizeSatrayakA nirUpaNa karanevAle haiM, aise vizeSavAdi kavikA vizeSAdipatA sarvatra prasiddha hai / vizeSavAdi kavikA vizeSatraya koI grantha rahA hai, yA gadya, padya aura gadya-padya tInoM prakArakI racanAyeM dakSa honese vizeSatrayavAdI kahA jAna par3atA hai| zrIpAla 5 ye vIrasena svAbhIke ziSya aura jinasenake sadharmA samakAlIna vidvAna haiN| jinasenane jayadhabalAko inake dvArA sampAdita batAyA hai / inakA samaya vi0 saM0mI 9 vIM ! kANabhikSu AcArya jinasenane kANabhikSukA kathAgrantha racayitA ke rUpameM ullekha kiyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki unakA koI prathamAnuyogasambandhI koI grantha rahA hai| jinasenane likhA hai dharmasUtrAnugA huyA yasya vAGmaNayo'malAH / kathAlaGkAratAM bhejuH kANabhikSujaMyatyaso' || arthAt ve kANabhikSu jayavanta hoM, jinake dharmarUpa sUtra meM piroye hue, manohara vacanarUpa nirmalamaNi kathAzAstra ke alaGkArapaneko prApta hue the / arthAt jinake dvArA race gaye kathAgrantha zreSTha haiM / ye jinasena dvArA ullikhita honese unake pUrvavartI vidvAn haiN| kanakanandi siddhAnta granthoMke racayitA ke rUpameM kanakanandikA nAma bhI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIka samAna samAdaraNIya hai / inheM bhI siddhAnta - cakravartI kahA gayA haiM / yaha tathya gommaTasAra karmakANDako nimna antima gAthAse spaSTa hotA hai- 1 1. harivaMza0 137 / 2. AdipurANa, 1153 | 3. AdipurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha saMskaraNa, bhAga 1, padya 1151 / 452 : tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA

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varaiMdaNaMdiguruNo pAse soLaNa sayalasiddhataM / siriphaNayaNaMdiguruNA sattaTThANaM smudditthN|| arthAt zrI indranandi garuke pAsa samasta siddhAntako sunakara zrI kanakanaMdi gurune isa sattvasthAnako samyak rIti se kahA hai / yahA~ kanakanandike sAtha guru zabdakA saMketa karatA hai ki nemicandrane gommaTasArakI racanA kanakanandise adhyayana karake kI hai / aura ve unake guru he hoMge yA 'guru' nAmase ve adhika khyAsa hoNge| kanakanandi dvArA racita 'vistarasattvatribhaMgI' nAmaka grantha jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArAmeM vartamAna hai| isa graMthako kAgaja para likhI gayI do pratiyAM vidyamAna hai| donoMkI gAthA-saMkhyAmeM antara hai 1 eka pratimeM 48 gAthA hai aura dusarImeM 51 / dUsarI pratimeM gAthAoMke sAtha saMdaSTiyAM bhI ullikhita haiM / pahalI pratimeM tIna pRSTa hai aura dUsarImeM sAta / / ___ gommaTasAra karmakANDameM kanakanandi viracita 'vistarasatvatribhaMgI'ko Adise antima gAthA paryanta sammilita kara liyA gayA hai| kevala madhyakI ATha yA gyAraha gAthAeM chor3a dI gayIM haiM, kyoMki karmakANDameM isa prakaraNakI gAthAoMkI saMkhyA 358-397 arthAt 40 hai| isa prakaraNameM koMke sasvasthAnoMkA kathana pAramAnoM meM bhole zAnigA hai| kyA kanakanandi AcAryale 48 yA 51 gAthApramANa 'vistarasatvatribhaMgI' graMthako pRthaka racanA kI aura bAdako use nemicandracAryane apane gommaTasArameM sammilita kara liyA athavA karmakANDake lie hI unhoMne usakI racanA kI? vicAra karane para jJAta hotA hai ki kanakanaMdi siddhAntacakravartIne itanA choTAsA graMtha nahIM likhA hogaa| unhoMne karmakANDake likhane meM sahayoga pradAna kiyA hogA aura usIke lie sattvatribhaMgIprakaraNa likhA hogaa| isake pazcAt unhoMne kucha gAthAe" adhika jor3akara use svatantra graMthakA rUpa pradAna kiyA hogaa| karmakANDameM kanakanaMdike matAntarako dekhanese hamArA ukta kathana puSTa hotA hai| spaSTa hai ki kanakanaMdi apane samayake prasiddha AcArya haiM / ___ isa prakAra prApta sAmagrI ke AdhArase zrutadharAcAryoM aura sArasvatAcAryoM kA vivecana kiyA gyaa| 1. gommaTasAra karmakANDa, rAyacandra jaina zAstramAlA. bambaI saMskaraNa, gApA 396 / zrutaghara aura sArasvatAcArya : 453