Sanmati Tark Prakaran Part 02

Author(s): Abhaydevsuri
Publisher: Divya Darshan Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003802/1

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hindIvivecanasamanvita tattvabodhavidhAyinI TIkAlaGkRta ||snmti - tarkaprakaraNa // khaNDa -2 sUtrakAra: siddhasena divAkarasUri vRttikAra: tarkapaJcAnana abhayadevasUri prakAzaka divyadarzana TrasTa, kalikuNDa dholakA - 387810 NA For Personal and Private Use Only

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[] 2 CHIrI ) TananuM zrI UUUbIravANI bAgavAna umarA (ThThIra) . Jain Educatione International

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merA mujha meM kachu nAhIM, jo kucha hai so terA / terA tujha ko soMpateM, kyA lAgata hai merA / / yuvAzibira ke AdyapraNetA parama pUjya bhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAjA ke caraNo meM sAdara samarpaNa

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zrI zaMkhezvarapArzvanAthAya namaH zrI siddhasenadivAkarasUri viracita sanmati-tarkaprakaraNa zrI tarkapaJcAnana-vAdimukhya-abhayadevasUri viracitA tattvabodhavidhAyinI vRtti A0 jayasuMdarasUri kRta hindI vivecana dvitIyakhaMDa AziSadAtA : nyAyavizArada AcAryazrI vijayabhuvanabhAnu sU.ma. evaM siddhAntadivAkara gacchAdhipati AcAryazrI vijaya jayaghoSa sU.ma.sA. Arthika lAbhArthI : zrI umarA jaina zve0 saMgha, umarA, sUrata-7 prakAzaka : divyadarzana TrasTa Clo, kumArapALa vi. zAha 39, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, kalikuNDa tIrtha, dhoLakA - 387410, gujarAta prathamAvRtti vi.saM.2066 prati 300

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* sA vidyA yA vimuktaye * dvitIyakhaMDa vikramasaMvat-2066 sanmatitarkaprakaraNa [ sarvAdhikAra zramaNapradhAna jaina saMgha ko svAyatta ] * prAptisthAna meM 1. divyadarzana TrasTa, 39, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, dhoLakA-387410 2. zrI bhuvanabhAnusUri jJAnamaMdira -- divya darzana TrasTa, Clo kalpeza vi. zAha 29, 30 vAsupUjya baMgalojha, phana ripablika ke sAmane, rAmadeva nagara cAra rastA, seTelAITa, amadAvAda. phona : 079-26860531 3. zreyaskara aMdherI gujarAtI jaina saMgha, zrI AdipArtha jinAlaya, jaya AdinAtha coka, karamacaMda jaina pauSadhazALA, esa.vi.roDa,iralA, vilepArle (ve.), muMbaI-400054 mudraka : zrI pArtha kompyuTarsa, 58 paTela sosAyaTI, javAhara coka, maNinagara, amadAvAda-380008 (A.zrI bhuvanabhAnusUrijanmazatAbdIvarSa) paramopakArI suvizuddhabrahmamUrti karmasAhitya niSNAta, cAritra samrATa siddhAntamahodadhi suvizAla gacchAdhipati sakala saMgha samAdhidAtA pa.pU. AcAryadeva zrImad vijaya premasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke caraNoM meM bhAvapUrNa vandanAvali

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prakAzakIya bar3e harSa kI bAta thI -- dasa sAla pahale hindI vivecana sahita sanmatitarkaprakaraNa kA prathama khaMDa zeTha motIzA lAlabAga ceriTI TrasTa (bhUlezvara) muMbaI kI ora se jaba susampAdita-prakAzita hokara sajjana vidvAnoM ke karakamala kA alaMkAra banA thA / ___baDe harSa kI bAta hai .. dasa sAla ke bAda cirapratIkSita sanmatitarkaprakaraNa-dvitIyakhaMDa divya darzana TrasTa (dhoLakA) kI ora se susampAdita hokara prakAzita ho rahA hai / bAraha sAla pahale pUjyapAda nyAyavizArada suprasiddha jainAcArya vijaya bhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke antara meM zrI sanmatitarka0 mUla evaM vyAkhyA grantha ke Upara hindI vivecana kI bhAvanA aMkurita huI thI / bahuvidha zAsanasevA ke kArya meM saMlagna pUjyazrI samaya ke abhAva meM svayaM usa bhAvanA ko sAkAra nahIM kara sake / taba apane paTTAlaMkAra pa.pU.A. zrI jayaghoSasUrIzvarajI ma. ke ziSya muni zrI jayasuMdaravijaya mahArAja ko isa mahatkAya kArya ke liye prerita-utsAhita kiyA / pUjya guruvarya ke Adeza para zraddhA karate hue pUjya munizrIne kalama UThAyI - natIjatana, isa mahAkAya grantha kA prathamakhaMDa pUjya guruvarya kI upasthiti meM hI prakAzita ho gayA thA / pUjya munizrIne hindI vivecana kA kArya jArI rakhA, Aja usakA dvitIyakhaMDa Apa ke karakamaloM kA AbhUSaNa bana gayA hai / upakAra nahIM bhUla sakate svargastha pUjya guruvarya kA jinhoMne 50-60 sAla taka jaina jagat ko apanI divya jJAna-saMyama-tapomaya jyoti se Alokita kara rakhA thA / isa grantha ko eka ora mudraNAlaya meM bhejA gayA to dUsarI ora vi.saM. 2049 caitra vadi 13 ke dina pUjyApAda guruvaryazrI nazvara paudgalika deha tyAga kara IzAna devaloka ke sAmAnika surapati bana gaye / Aja Apa nirmala avadhijJAna se isa mahAn kRti ko dekha kara prasannatA se bhara gaye hoMge / unhIM mahApuruSa ke AzIrvAda se divyadarzana TrasTa zAstra sAhitya ke prakAzanoM meM Age kadama baDhA rahA hai| zrI sAntAkrujha tapAgaccha jaina saMgha - muMbaI jJAnanidhi se isa grantha prakAzana ke mahAn kArya meM vizAla dhanarAzi kA yogadAna prApta huA hai - etadartha hama sadA ke liye una ke RNI haiM aura vaha sAntAkrujha kA saMgha dhanyavAda kA pAtra hai / TAIpa-seTiMga kA kArya dilacaspI se karanevAle pArzva kompyuTarsa ajayabhAI evaM vimalabhAI ko bhI dhanyavAda / paMcama khaMDa kA hindI vivecana aba mudraNAlaya kI pratIkSA meM hai / tRtIya-caturtha khaMDa kA lekhana-kArya zIghra hI pU. munizrI pUrNa kare yaha zAsanadeva ko prArthanA / li. divyadarzana TrasTI gaNa kI ora se kumArapAla vi. zAha

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sampAdakIya isa grantha ke sampAdana kArya meM prasiddha paMDitayugala sampAdita, gujarAta vidyApITha amadAvAda kI ora se prakAzita dvitIyakhaMDa kI saMhitA ko hI AdhAra banAyA gayA hai / hAlA~ki kaI jagaha pracura azuddha pATha the jo limbaDI jaina jJAna bhaMDAra kI prAcIna prati ke AdhAra para zuddha kiye gaye haiM -- limbaDI kA hastAdarza pAThazuddhi ke liye bahuta upayogI banA hai| pUrva sampAdakoM ne pramANavArttika aura brahmazuddhi granthoM ke uddharaNoM meM granthanirdeza kA sthAna rikta rakhA huA thA ve yathAsaMbhava isa sampAdana meM bhara diye gaye haiM / pUrva sampAdana meM jo baDe baDe pariccheda the una ko bAcako kI suvidhA ke liye viSaya sAtatya ko khyAla meM rakha kara choTe choTe paricchedoM meM bA~Ta diyA hai / tathA, paMDitayugala ne usa sampAdana meM jo tattvasaMgraha Adi granthoM ke aneka zloka TIppaNI meM uddhRta kiye the ve hindI vivecana ke kArya meM atyanta upayogI hote hue bhI isa sampAdana meM granthagaurava bhaya se choDa diye haiM hAlA~ki yaha kamI hindI vivecana se mahadaMza meM radda ho jAyegI / hamArI ora se AvazyakatA ke anusAra kucha nayI TIppaNI bhI joDI huI hai / merI kyA guMjAIza ki maiM aise baDe aura gahana grantha kA sampAdana evaM hindI vivecana kA sAhasa karuM ! devagurukRpA evaM zrutadevatA kI dayA se hI kucha bAlakrIDA kara diyA hai / cAritrasamrATa - karmasAhityaniSNAta - siddhAntamahodadhi mahAtapasvI vidvadvaNaziromaNi sva. pa. pU. AcAryadeva zrImad vijaya premasUrIzvarajI ma. sA. nyAyavizArada - utsUtrapratikArasamartha ekAntavAdatimirataraNI vardhamAnataponidhi- apramattamunipuMgava sva.pa.pU. AcAryavarya zrImad vijaya bhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI ma.sA., siddhAntadivAkara- prAvacanIkaprabhAvaka-varttamAnagacchAdhipati gItArthAgraNI pa. pU. guruvarya AcArya zrImad vijaya jayaghoSasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ina mahApuruSoM kI upakAraparamparA pUre isa grantha meM anuvarttamAna rahI hai| - anyathA yaha kArya honA svapnavat thA / anya bhI aneka mahAtmAoMne isa kArya meM prabhUta sahayoga diyA / vizeSataH muni zrI saMyamabodhivijayajI kA prupha saMzodana meM sahakAra milA, jo smaraNIya hai / agrima khaNDoM kA kArya zIghra pUrNa hone meM sahAya ke liye zAsanadevatA ko prArthanA / li. jayasuMdara vijaya borIvalI (E) mAgasira sudi 1-saM. 2051

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prastAvanA I zrI jaina zAsana kA itihAsa aneka nyAyapraviNa jainAcAryoM aura una ke nyAyagranthoM se gauravAnvita hai / zrI siddhasena divAkarasUrijI se le kara AcArya bhuvanabhAnusUrijI paryanta aneka ujjvala saMta puruSoM ne jaina nyAya kI paramparA kI zAna baDhAyI hai / zrI sanmati nAmaka tarkaprakaraNa siddhasenadivAkarasUrijI kI anamola kRti hai / isa mahAn kRti kI tattvabodhavidhAyinI saMjJaka vyAkhyA meM 11vI sadI ke AcArya tarkapaJcAnana abhayadevasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane sphuTa arthavistAra kara ke yaha dikhA diyA hai ki jainAcAryoM kI saMkSipta kRti meM bhI kitanA vizAla evaM kitanA gahana artharAzi bharA huA rahatA hai| zrI mallavAdisUrijI racita eka vyAkhyA kA ullekha zrI haribhadrasUrijI viracita anekAnta - jayapatAkA grantha meM upalabdha hotA hai, kintu hanta ! Aja vaha vyAkhyA kahIM bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotI / Aja to sirpha abhayadevasUrijI kI eka hI vizada vyAkhyA upalabdha ho rahI haiM yaha bhI zrI jainasaMgha kA evaM varttamAna vidvagaNa kA baDA saubhAgya 1 upara likhita sabhI AcArya zvetAmbara jaina paramparA meM dIkSita, paMca mahAvratoM ke dhAraka evaM pAlaka the isa meM koI vivAda nahIM hai| kahA jAtA hai zrI siddhasenadivAkarasUrimahArAjane battIsa battIsiyoM kI bhI racanA kI thI, lekina Aja to una meM se sirpha 21 hI upalabdha hai jisa meM nyAyAvatAra battIsI pramukha hai aura usa ke Upara aneka AcAryoM ke vArttika, TIkA evaM TippaNa upalabdha haiM / zrI abhayadevasUrijIne sanmati 0 vyAkhyA ke alAvA koI ora grantha racA ho aisA vidita nahIM hai / una nAma se vAdamahArNava grantha kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai, lekina vaha bhI isa sanmati kI TIkA se abhinna hI pratIta hotA hai / sacamuca, sanmati 0 kI yaha TIkA apane Apa meM vAdamahArNavarUpa hI hai / O sanmati 0 ke prathama khaMDa meM prathama kANDa kI sirpha eka hI mUlagAthA ke Upara vistRta vivecana kiyA hai, to isa dUsare khaMDa meM dvitIya tRtIya aura caturtha gAthA Upara vistRta vivaraNa kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki Agama ke adhyayana meM kuNThabuddhi puruSa bhI pUrvadhara Adi maharSiyoM kI sevA ke dvArA tattvabodha ke liye sajja bana jAya aisA pratipAdana isa sanmati 0 prakaraNa meM kareMge / jaina AgamoM aise sUkSma evaM gahana tattvoM kA nirUpaNa hai jo anya kisI bhI sampradAya ke zAstroM meM lezamAtra bhI milanA kaThina hai itanA hI nahIM, una AgamoM ke tattvoM ke adhyayana kA sAra bhI usI ke hAtha meM A sakatA hai jisa kI mati nirmala evaM sUkSma ho / naya - nikSepa evaM anekAntavAda ke samyak abhyAsa se hI buddhi nirmala hotI hai, evaM pramANa- nyAya tarka - yukti Adi ke abhyAsa se hI mati sUkSma banatI haiM / sanmati 0 kA adhyayana isa dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / dUsarI gAthA meM dravyAstika evaM paryAyAstika mUla navayugala kI prarUpaNA kI gayI hai / tIsarI gAthA meM dravyAstika evaM saMgrahanaya kI prarUpaNA kI gayI hai, vyavahAra naya kA bhI nirUpaNa hai / tattvabodhavidhAyinI vyAkhyA meM nirUpita tattvoM kA krama isa prakAra hai :- zAstra ke prArambha meM jo prayojana vAkya kahA jAtA hai usa kA prayojana kyA hai usa kI carcA pUrvapakSa uttarapakSa meM kI gayI hai / (pRSTha 3 se 13 ) /

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zabda aura artha ke madhya koI tAttvika saMbaMdha hai yA nahIM ? isa carcA meM vistAra se apohavAdI bauddhoM kA pUrvapakSa hai jisameM nyAyasUtra ke bhASyakAra, vArttikakAra evaM vaibhASika mata tathA udghotakara aura kumArila bhaTTa ke matoM kI vistAra se samIkSA kI gayI hai / yahA~ adhyetAvarga ko yaha lakSya meM rakhanA ati Avazyaka hai ki prAyaza: isa bauddhamata kA pratipAdana vyAkhyAkArane tattvasaMgraha ke AdhAra para hI kiyA hai, kintu pUrvapakSameM jahA~ jahA~ tattvasaMgraha - paMjikA (vyAkhyA) ke uddharaNa diye gaye haiM - uttarapakSa meM unakA anuvAda karate samaya paMjikA ke uddharaNoM kA nahIM kintu tattvasaMgraha - mUlagrantha kA hI anuvAda kiyA hai / adhyetAvarga ko yahA~ sAvadhAnI baratanI paDegI, uttarapakSa carcA meM pUrvapakSa kI paMktiyoM ko pAThaka pUrvapakSa meM akSarazaH khojanA cAheMge to saphalatA nahIM milegI / agara tattvasaMgraha grantha ko sAtha meM rakha kara isa vibhAga ko paDheMge to adhyayana meM saralatA rahegI / (pR. 15 se 149 pUrvapakSa, pRSTha 149 se 264 uttarapakSa ) tRtIyagAthA kI vyAkhyA meM zuddha evaM azuddha dravyAstika naya kA, advaitamata evaM sAMkhyamata ke virodhI paryAyAstika naya kA vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / (pRSTha 265 se 382) tathA saMgraha ( naigama ) vyavahAraRjusUtra - zabda- samabhirUDha tathA evaMbhUta chaha nayoM ke mantavyoM kA vyutpAdana kiyA gayA hai / ( 384 se 395 ) caturtha gAthA kI vyAkhyA meM sattAmAtraviSayaka saMgraha naya kA vyutpAdana - viSayavistAra kara ke anta meM dravyAstika vyavahAra naya ke vizeSa viSayatva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / ( 397 se 402 ) / merI kyA guMjAiza ki maiM itane mahAna grantha ke Upara hindI meM vivecana kara sakuM ?! paramezvara paMca parameSThi bhagavaMtoM kI kRpA se evaM sva. pUjyapAda gurudevazrI kI punita preraNA se kucha prayatna kiyA hai| adhikArI mumukSu varga ko isa grantharatna ke adhyayana meM hindI vivecana dvArA tanika bhI saralatA mahesUsa hogI to maiM kRtakRtya ho jAU~gA / agrima khaNDoM ke lekhana kArya meM zIghra saphalatA prApta ho etadartha zAsanadeva ko prArthanA / Jain Educationa International li. jayasuMdaravijaya - mAgasira sudi 2 borIvalI- dolatanagara. For Personal and Private Use Only

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viSayAnukramaNikA 22 viSaya pRSThasaMkhyA viSaya pRSThasaMkhyA dvitIyagAthAvataraNikA 1 svalakSaNa meM saMketa kA asambhava prapojanapratipAdana kA prapojana 2 dignAgamatavirodhI udyotakarakathana kI AlocanA 21 AdivAkyopAdAnaM vyartham-pUrvapakSa: ___ vyavahAra se saMketagraha asambhava pUrvapakSa-AdivAkya nirarthaka, pramANAtIta meM aNupracayAtmaka himAcalAdi meM saMketa asambhava 23 pravRttiviraha kriyA ke asambhava se saMketa kA asambhava bAsArtha ke sAtha zabda kA sambandha amAnya samAnajAtIya kSaNAntara meM saMketa kA asambhava saMzapajanaka hone se AdivAkya sArthaka zadasalakSaNa kA saMketa asambhava prayojanavizeSasaMzaya kA utpAdaka AdivAkya svalakSaNa, zabda se avyapadezya upAdeya padArSaviSaye nyAyasUtrakArAbhiprAyavivecanam prapojana yA zAstra se vizeSasmRti ? naipApika mata se vyakti Adi padArtha AdivAkya prakaraNArambhAyogyatA anumAna bhASyakAramata se vyakti sUtra kA padArtha hetuasiddhatA kA sUcaka 8 bhASyakAramata se AkRti kA svarUpa / AdivAkpa saMdigdhAsiddhatA dikhAne ke liye 9 jAti Adi meM padavAcyatva kA niSedha AdivAkyasya sArthakatA-uttarapakSaH 11 2.4 jAtitadyogatadvatsu saMketA'sambhavapradarzanam uttarapakSa . AdivAkya sArthaka hai 11 padavAcyaviSayANi vAjadhyAyana-vyADi-pANinInAM Apta-anApta ke vAkyo meM vizeSatA kA bodha 12 matAni vAkya ke binA prayojananizcaya azakya 13 jAti Adi meM saMketa kA asambhava niHprayojanatvahetuasiddhatA kA udbhAvana pathArtha 13 buddhi-AkAra meM saMketa kA asambhava dvitIyagAthA kA padArtha buddhyAkAre samayA'sambhavasAdhanam zabda-artha-tatsambandhamImAMsA-pUrvapakSaH 1-astyardhavAdimatam apoha hI zabdArtha hai . bauddha pUrvapakSa 15 zabdoM kA pratipAdya hai asti- artha 'daNDI' ityAdi zAbdapratIti sanimitta 2-samudAyArthavAdimatam / apohavAde zabdapratItinimittam 17 2-samudAya hI zabdArtha hai apohavAda meM zabdapratIti kA nimitta 3 - asatyasambandhapadArthavAdimatam zabdapratIti bhrAnta hone meM pramANa 4-asatyopAdhisatyapadArthavAdimatam zabdapratIti kI nirviSayatA 3-asatyasambandha aura 4. asatyopAdhisatya svalakSaNAdi meM zabdasaMketa kI samIkSA zabdArtha 1-svalakSaNe saMketA'sambhavaH 20 5-abhijalpapadArthavAdimatam

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6-buddhacArUDhAkArapadArthavAdimatam 34 pratibhAsvarUpa vAkyArtha ke pakSa meM pratijJA meM 5.abhijalpaprApta zabda hI zabdArtha hai 34 bAdha 6-bAhyavasturUpa se adhyasta buddhigatAkAra zabdArtha 34 go-zAbaleya Adi zabdoM meM paryAyavAcitva buddhigatAkAravAda aura apohavAda meM bheda Apatti 7-pratibhApadArthavAdimatam 36 avastubhUta apohapakSa meM paryAyatA kI Apatti 7-pratibhApadArtha zabdArtha hai 36 dhruva 1-astyarthavAdimatanirasanam 37 antaraMga AdhAra se apoha kA bheda asiddha 1-asti artha zabdArtha nahIM hai 37 apohya ke bheda se apohabheda asambhava 2-samudAyapadArthavAdimatanirasanam 38 sAjAtya ke vinA azva meM bhI ago'poha kI 3-4 asatpasambandha, asatyopAdhisatyapadArtha Apatti nirasanam 38 svalakSaNAdivat apoha meM bhI saMketa kA 5-6 abhijalpabuddhayArUDhAkArapadArthavAdimatadvapani- asambhava rasanam 38 apoha meM saMketa kI azakyatA kA bodhaka 2-samudApa zabdArtha nahIM hai atiprasaMga 3-4 asatyasambandha, asatyopAdhisatya zabdArtha vidhisvarUpa zabdArtha kI prasiddhi nahIM 38 anIla-utpala zabdoM meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva 5-6 abhijalpa aura buddhi-AkAra zabdArtha asaMgata nahIM hai 38 apoha kI vizeSaNatA kA asambhava 7-pratibhApadArthavAdimatanirasanam 39 ananurUpa vizeSaNa hone kI sambhAvanA me 7-pratibhA zabdArtha nahIM hai kSati vivakSApadArthavAdimatamullikhya tannirasanam 40 anyavyAvRtti zabda-liMga kA viSapa nahIM zabda se arthavivakSA kA anumAna 40 apohoM meM paraspara vailakSaNya-availakSaNya vikalpa vaibhASikamataM nirdizya tannirasanam 42 abhAva ko vasturUpa mAnane para anyonyAzraya nAmasaMjJaka saMskAra zabdaviSaya-vaibhASika vAsanAbheda apohabheda kA prapojaka honA 'niSedhamAtrameva anyApohaH' asambhava iti matvA kumArilakRtAkSepopanyAsaH 43 __ apoha ke vAcaka apohAtmaka zabda kA niSedhamAtra anyApoha meM virodhAdi pradarzana abhAva apohavAda meM 'go' zabda se gobuddhi kA vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva, sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI anudaya anupapatti paryudAsarUpa apoha hone para siddhasAdhana doSa 44 nIlotpala zabda meM sAmAnAdhikaraNpa asaMbhava paryudAsarUpa apoha go-Adi svalakSaNAtmaka anIlApohAdi kI AdhepatA meM zabdavAcyatva nahIM hai asambhava prasajyarUpa apoha-pakSa meM pratijJAbAdha 46 apoha meM liMga-saMkhyAdi kA sambandha azakya

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. apohazabdArtha kI avyApakatA 68 gotva azva meM kyoM nahIM hotA ? sAdhyatva aura bhUtakAla kI pratIti kA bAdha 69 indriyAdijanya buddhi meM apoha kA bhAna 'ca' Adi nipAta ke bAre meM apohavAda zabda se apohaviziSTa artha kA abhidhAna nirarthaka 69 kaise ? anyApohazabda se vidhirUpa vAcya kI siddhi 70 zabda dvArA vastu-aMza kA avabodha kaise ? vikalpapratibimbArthamatanirUpaNa-nirasanam 71 vastusvarUpa anyavyAvRtti kI vizeSaNatA vikalpagata pratibimba zabdArtha nahIM 71 vyaktioM meM apohyatva kA samarthana apohapakSe udyotakarakRtAkSepANAmupanyAsaH 72 abhAva meM apohyatva kA upapAdana udyotakara ke AkSepa 72 abhAva ke binA bhI bhAvasiddhi zakya 'gau' zabda se agaupratiSedha asaMgata ___ asat kI vAsanA kA sambhava apohakriyA ke viSaya para prazna vAcakApoha pakSa meM dUSaNoM kA nirasana agoapoha go se pRthak yA apRthak ? 74 avastutva hetu se kAlpanika gampagamakabhAva jAti ke guNadharma apoha meM asambhava kA niSedha svapakSAkSepapratividhAne pUrvamapohavAdikRtA vidhisvarUpa zabdArtha kA svIkAra svamataspaSTatA 76 apohavAda meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya upapatti 102 apohazabdArthavAdI kA svamataspaSTIkaraNa 76 sAmAnAdhikaraNya svapakSa-parapakSa meM kaise ? 103 apoha ke vyapadeza ke mukhpa-gauNa nimitta 76 nIlatva yA nIlavarNa kI vAcyatA para AkSepa 104 artha pratibimba hI zabdavAcya mukhya apoha hai vAcyArthoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya anupayogi apohamAkSiptavataH kumArilaspa pratikSepaH / 78 uddyotakara ke pratyuttara kA nirasana dignAgavacanatAtparyaprakAzenodyotakaroktadUSaNa apohabAda meM sAMvRta sAmAnAdhikaraNya nirasanam 79 zabdayogi liMga tAttvika nahIM hotA udyotakara ke AkSepoM kA pratyuttara liMgatraya ke sAMkarya kI Apatti go-buddhijanana ke liye anya zabda anAvazyaka 80 saMstyAna Adi ke AdhAra para liMgavyavasthA mukhyArtha ke binA bhI sAmAnyabhrAnti 81 asaMgata vividha AkSepoM kA pratyuttara strItva Adi liMga sAmAnyavizeSarUpa nahIM haiM pratibhAtmaka padArtha apoharUpa bhI hai| liMga kI taraha saMkhyA bhI kAlpanika sAmAnya ke vinA bhI paryAyAdivyavasthA vivakSAvazakalpitatva hetu meM asiddhi kA ghaTAdisvalakSaNa meM ekakAryakAritva asiddha nahIM 85 / AkSepa sAmAnyabheda vinA bhI vividha arthakriyA 86 asiddhi ke AkSepa kA nirAkaraNa bheda yA abheda vyAvRttiyoM meM nahIM, vikalpa meM 88 / jAtigata saMkhyA se vyakti meM vaiziSTya sAmAnya ke vinA bhI abhinna pratyavamarza se kaise ? sArUppa 89 kriyA-kAla Adi kA apoha ke sAtha svalakSaNa se hI anvayakAryasampAdana sambandha 2

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143 146 nahIM 147 149 AkhyAtaprayogoM se anyApoha kI pratIti 116 vyaktAkAra pratIti zabdabuddhi meM nAmaMjUra 140 apoha meM sAdhyatva pratIti kA upapAdana 117 zAbda aura pratyakSa pratIti meM pratipatibheda vidhi Adi meM bhI anyApoha kA nirUpaNa 118 kaise ? 141 'ca' Adi avyayoM se arthataH apoha kA zAbda aura akSajanya pratIti meM bhinnaviSayatA 142 bhAna vyaktipakSa meM sambandhavedana kI anupapatti ananyApohazabda se apoha ke niSedha kA bhAna 120 / pratyakSa se vyakti meM sambandhavedana azakya 144 prameya Adi zabdoM kA vAkpabAhya prayoga anumAnAdi se sambandhavedana azakya 121 zabda vastusparzI nahIM hotA vAkpastha prameyAdizabdoM kA nivartya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmako'rthaH zabdavAcyaH-syAdA svatantra 'prameya' zabda kA arthabodha kaise ? 123 dinAmuttarapakSaH 149 apohavAda meM zabdArthavyavasthA kI vyApakatA 123 zabdArtha mImAMsA-pUrvapakSa samApta udghotakara ke AkSepoM kA pratikAra 125 syAdbAdI kA uttarapakSa-sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka svArthApavAda Adi doSoM kA nirAkaraNa 125 zabdArtha apoha kriyAtmaka nahIM prativimbAtmaka hai| jAti kI siddhi meM aDacanoM kA pratikAra 152 apoha ke vAcyatva-avAcyatva vikalpoM kA sadRzAkAra jJAna se sAmAnyavyavasthA 153 uttara 127 ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya se samAnapratibhAsa me naJ pada ke vinA bhI anyanivRtti kA bhAna anavasthA 154 zakya 128 sAmAnyakhaMDana ke lie vividha tarka saMketasApekSatA se vikalpapratibimba ke vAcakatva jAti kI vyaktivyApakatA para AkSepa 157 kA anumAna 129 ekadeza-sarvadezavRttitva ke vikalpa 158 apohapakSa meM saMketA'sambhavAdi kI AzaMkA 130 sAmAnya ke vyaktisvabhAva pakSa meM AkSepa 159 AzaMkA nivAraNa ke liye taimirikayugala sAmAnpabuddhi meM mithyAtvApatti-iSTa dRSTAnta 131 sAmAnyavirodhavAda pUrvapakSa samApta saMvidvapuranyApohavAdiprajJAkaramatopanyAsaH 132 sAmAnya sadRzapariNAmasvarUpa hai-jaina mata saMvedanasvarUpa anyApoha kI vAcyatA-prajJAkaramata 132 samAna-asamAnarUpa meM ekatvavirodha kI lakSitalakSaNA dvArA jAtibhAna se vyaktibhAna 135 AzaMkA 161 jAtibhAna se vyaktiprakAzana asaMgata 137 citrajJAna meM ekatva kaise ? - uttara 'vyakti meM rahanA' aisA jAtisvabhAva virodha ke donoM prakAra meM bhedAbheda pratIti asaMgata 137 bAdhaka nIla-utpala ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI asaMgati 138 anumAna meM pramANAntarabAdhaviraha kI zaMkA jAtivAcyatApakSa meM dharma-dharmibhAva kI kA uttara 164 anupapatti 139 tAdAtmpazUnyasvabhAvabheda para anyonyAzrapa doSa 166 156 160 161 162 163

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12 192 vyApaka eka sarvavyaktiniSTha sAmAnya amAnya sarva vastu kI ubhayarUpatA ke Upara AkSepa kA pratikAra sAdRzya dRSTigocara na hone ke AkSepa kA uttara svalakSaNa sarvasajAtIpavijAtIyoM se vyAvRtta kaise ? bheda ke sAtha vyAkti kA pratyakSa se grahaNa azakya avizada avabhAsa meM svalakSaNaviSayatvaniSedha azakya vikalpa meM prAmANya durnivAra anumAna se samAropavyavaccheda kI anupapatti akSaNikasamAropa kI durghaTatA tadavastha mAnasika akSaNikatvabhrama kI bhI durghaTatA nairAtmya abhyAsa meM niSphalatA kI Apatti vikalpa meM prAmANya aparihArya vyApakarUpa se vyAptigraha-zakyatA kI zaMkA-uttara svaviSayasaMvAdI vikalpa pramANabhUta vyAptigrAhaka vikalpa pramANa kA antarbhAva yogyatA sambandha kA samarthana / tadutpatti-tatsArUpya-tadadhyavasAyitva ye tInoM nirarthaka vikalpa meM sAmAnyagrAhakatva kA samarthana vikalpa-avikalpa meM eka-dUsare kA adhyAropa durghaTa vikalpa-avikalpa meM ekaviSapatA durgaTa vikalpa meM spaSTatAvabhAsa kA nimitta eka sAmagrI se vikalpa-avikalpa donoM kA udbhava asaMgata vikalpa meM arthasAkSAtkArasvarUpa vaizadya 167 vikalpa se bhinna nirvikalpajJAna kI samIkSA 188 vikalpa mukta avasthA meM bhI sthira-sthUlabAhyArtha kA bhAna savikalpa se arthavyavasthA, anyathA vyavahAroccheda pramANa kA viSaya sAmAnya-vizeSobhayAtmaka vastu ghaTa meM svasattva kI taraha svA'sattva kI Apatti 'bhedeSu abhedAdhyavasAyitva' hetu AzrayAsiddha 193 svasaMvedanapratyakSa meM bhedaprasatti 193 173 sAmAnya meM Aropita kA nirAkaraNa 194 174 ekAnta kSaNikatva yuktisaMgata nahIM hai 196 175 vyAvRttibheda para cAra vikalpa 176 pratibhAsabheda se vyAvRttibheda hone para 177 zabdatvabheda 197 178 anityatva-kRtakatva meM sAdhya-sAdhanabhAva durghaTa 198 vinAzasvabhAvaniyatatva kI siddhi azakya 200 179 pratikSaNavinAzasAdhaka bauddha yukti 201 180 bauddha kI kSaNikatvasAdhaka yuktioM kA 181 pratyuttara 181 paramANuvoM ke asambandha kI kalpanA kA nirasana 203 182 sambandhapratIti Aropitagocara . zaMkA kA 183 nirasana asambandhavAda meM arthakriyAvirodha 205 184 sthAyibhAva meM arthakriyAvirodhazaMkA kA nirasana 206 185 anapekSatva hetu meM bhAgAsiddhi pradarzana 207 186 kSaNika padArtha meM arthakriyAvirodhanirdezana 208 pUrvakSaNa meM uttarakAryotpatti kI Apatti kA 187 nirmUlana 209 188 zakti aura zaktimAna meM bhedAbheda 209 202 204

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zaktimAna se zakti ekAnta abhinna nahIM kSaNikabhAva meM kramika kAryakAritA dughaTa sahakAritva yAnI ekakAryakAritva kRtakatva hetu meM anaikAntikatva doSa sajAtIyaajanaka meM vijAtIyajanakatva durghaTa kRtakatva hetu vipakSavyAvRtti saMdigdha sattvopalakSita bhAva meM arthakriyA nirUpaNa nirarthaka akSaNika bhAva meM artakriyAvirodhazaMkA kA nirmUlana akSaNika ko arthAntarApekSa kA virodhaka nirarthaka paraspara ekasAmagrI adhInatArUpa upakAra kI samIkSA parasparasAMnidhya meM sAmarthyasvIkAra kAraka - akAraka avasthAbheda ekatvavirodhI nahIM akSaNika kA deza-kAla vyatireka durlabha nahIM akSaNika meM ananvaya sahacAra viraha zaMkA kA uttara nitya sAmAnya ke vastutvakA samarthana jAti kI jJAnajanakatA kA upapAdana sAmAnya ke vinA samAnAkAra buddhi kA asaMbhava 210 211 212 213 214 214 216 Jain Educationa International 216 217 218 220 221 222 223 224 224 225 226 228 abhidheyatva hetu se avastutvasiddhi azakya bhUta aura bhaviSya sarvathA asat nahIM avisaMvAda ke viraha meM bhI saMzaya se pravRtti 229 svalakSaNa zabda vAcya na hone kA kathana mithyA 230 230 spaSTAspaSTapratItibheda se viSayabheda asiddha zAbda pratIti bhrAnta nahIM hotI samAnapariNati hI anyApoha hai 231 232 233 pratibimbAdisvarUpa apoha mAnane meM asaMgati anekatva ko atAttvika mAnane meM dUSaNazreNi 234 bAhyArtha meM ekAnekarUpatA aviruddha tulya yogakSema se ekatvasiddhi asaMbhava sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAravibhramasvarUpa - pUrvapakSa 235 235 237 abheda ke vinA bhI eka sAtha grahaNa- uttarapakSa 238 bauddhamata meM sAdRzya kI anupapatti 240 vilakSaNa padArthoM meM sArUpya kaise ? 240 241 243 243 244 dezAdinairantarya bhrAnti kA mUla nahIM bhedapakSa meM bhI ekArthavRttitva kI upapatti sambandha parityAgamata meM doSAbhAva - pUrvapakSa sambandhAbhAvapakSa meM doSasadbhAva - uttarapakSa sakalopAdhizUnya svalakSaNagrAhI nirvikalpaka asiddha hai upakAraka upakArya meM vizeSaNa - vizeSyabhAva prajJAkaramatanirasanam anantadharmAtmakavastu- pakSa meM liGga - saMkhyAdi kA yoga 247 248 249 250 z2aina sammata jAtipakSa meM dUSaNa niravakAza zabda aura artha kA sambandha avazya svIkArya zabda pramANa na mAnane para vyavahArabhaMga doSa tattvavyavasthA ke lIye anumAnavat zabda pramANa 252 mImAMsaka mata ke doSa jaina mata meM niravakAza 253 vyakti ananta hone para bhI saMketa kI upapatti 254 vikalpa kI mahimA se vyApti kA grahaNa pratyakSa meM sambandhagrAhakatA avazyamAnya zabdapramANa mAne vinA tattvavyavasthA durlabha pravRttibhaMgadoSa pratyakSa meM bhI tulya 255 256 257 259 dRSTazruta kA aikya na mAnane para aniSTaparamparA 259 vizeSaNa - vizeSyabhAva meM anupapatti kA nirasana 261 niyatasaMketAnusAra niyata arthabodha 261 zabdajanyajJAna bAhyArthasparzi 262 sarvAtmanA arthAgrahaNa bAhyArthasparzAbhAvamUlaka nahIM apohavAda nirAkaraNa- uttarapakSa samApta For Personal and Private Use Only 246 246 247 263 264

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dvitIyagAthA vivaraNa samApta tRtIyagAthA savyAkhyA tRtIyagAthAvyAkhyArambha mUla gAthA kA zabdArtha tRtIyagAthA ke zabdoM kA vyutpatti - artha dravyAstikapada kA zabdArtha paryAyAstika vyutpatti Adi mUla naya sirpha do hI haiM zuddha dravyAstikanaya-saMgrahanayavat prarUpaNA eka tattva darzaka ArSa vANI dezabheda se bheda pratyakSagrAhya nahIM hai kAlabheda se vastubheda pratyakSa se agrAhya smRti dvArA kAlabheda se vastubheda agrAhya pUrvakAlIna arthabhedapratibhAsa azakya aparokSa nIlAdiAkAravyatirikta bodhAtmA asat bodha savyApAra hone meM anupapatti bodhavyApAra savyApAra hone para anavasthA svaprakAza nIlAdipakSa meM bhedasphuraNa azakya bhedapakSa meM carama paramANu kI siddhi duSkara 'sarva sat' pratIti se abheda siddhi zakya darzana - smaraNa kI milita sAmagrI se bhedavedana azakya mumukSuprayatna avidyA kA nivarttaka avidyAnivRtti ke asambhava kI AzaMkA avidyA mImAMsA aura usakI nivRtti jIvAzrita avidyApakSa meM praznottara anAdi evaM niSprayojana avidyA dvaitApatti aura usakA nirAkaraNa vidyA kA udbhava aura avidyA ke nAza kI prakriyA asatya ke dvArA satya kI prApti kaise ? bodhakatA ke badale smArakatA, zaMkA samAdhAna Jain Educationa International 264 265 265 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 sukha - dukhAnubhUti, bandha-mokSavyavasthA kaise ? 293 azuddhadravyAstika-sAMkhyadarzana vyavahArAlambI nayaH 294 vyavahArAlambI azuddhadravyArthika naya 294 sAMkhyadarzana kI sRSTi prakriyA 295 IzvarakRSNa kI kArikA kA vizeSArtha 296 kAryabheda kAraNa se atyanta bhinna nahIM hai 296 297 vyakta aura avyakta meM vilakSaNatA satkAryavAdasAdhaka hetuzreNi 299 300 301 satkAryasiddhi meM sarvasambhavAbhAva hetu zaktizAli hetu se zakyakAryajanma satkAryasAdhaka pA~cavA hetu kAraNabhAva pradhAnatattva ke AvirbhAva meM pA~ca anumAna dUsarA hetu - bhedoM kA samanvaya 303 303 304 tIsarA hetu zakti anusAra pravRtti 305 pradhAnasAdhaka cauthA hetu-kAraNa- kAryavibhAga pA~cavA hetu - vaizvarUpya kA avibhAga paryAyAstikanapanirUpaNa 289 290 291 (1) sadadvaitapratikSepakaH paryAyAstikanayaH paryAyAstikanayaprarUpaNa-advaitapratikSepa bheda nahIM kintu abheda hI kalpita hai pratyakSa kI bhedagrAhitA kA upapAdana dezAntarasthabhedAnugama kI anupapatti 281 282 283 284 abhedAnusandhAna ke liye AtmA asamartha 285 abhedasAdhaka pUrvAparakAlasambandhitA asiddha 286 pratyakSajanya anumAna se abhedagraha azakya kAlAntarasthAyitva meM saMdehaviSayatA bhI azakya nAzahetuviraha meM sthAyitva - siddhi kI AzA vyartha 287 anugata sadrUpatva kA anubhava asambhava pratyabhijJA se, anugatasadrupatva kA avagama azakya mugaraghAtAdikAla meM hI nAza kA abhyupagama aprAmANika For Personal and Private Use Only 305 305 306 306 307 308 310 311 311 313 314 315 316 317 318

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351 AtmA ke dvArA abheda pratipatti azakya 319 advaitasAdhaka anumAna kI samIkSA pratyabhijJA se abhedagrahaNa asambhava 320 sAMkhyamatapratikSepakaH paryApAstikanayaH 344 smRti ke dvArA pUrvarUpatA kA grahaNa asambhava 321 sAMkhyadarzanasamIkSAprArambha 345 pUrvarUpatA aura vartamAnatA kA aikyAnubhava vyakta-avyakta kA vailakSaNyanirUpaNa nirAdhAra 346 asiddha 322 asatkArpavAdaniSedhapUrvakapariNAmavAda kI AzaMkA 347 dUsarIbAra ke darzana se abhedasiddhi azakya 324 pariNAmavAdasamIkSA 348 vartamAna artha kA bhAna smRti meM niSiddha / 325 sat pA asat se sambandha aghaTita 349 svadarzanaviSaya meM parakAlIna anyadarzana kA asat kAryavAda ke virodha meM samAna kArikA 350 asambhava 325 sattvahetuka ajanyatvasAdhaka anumAna 351 sadRzaSyavahAra se abhedAnumiti azakya 326 vipakSavyAvRttizaMkAnivAraNa niraMtaradarzanasthala meM bheda kaise ? praznottara 327 hetuoM meM asiddhi udbhAvana kA niSphala darzanabheda se arthabheda kI siddhi 328 prayAsa 352 pratyabhijJA ke viSayoM meM bhedasiddhi 329 sAdhyatva na hone para upAdAnagrahaNAdi niSphala 353 kAla vinA bhI pUrvAparabhAva-krama kA upapAdana 329 saMzayanivRtti kI aura nizcayotpatti kI anekakSaNasthiti kA eka-sAtha pratibhAsa anupapatti 354 azakya 330 satkAryavAda meM vadato vyAghAta 355 dazarna meM kAlAntarasthAyitva kA nirasana 331 abhivyakti svabhAvAtizayotpattirUpa nahIM 355 vartamAna darzana meM bhAvirUpa kA avabodha abhivyakti nizcapaviSayakajJAnarUpa nahIM ho azakya 331 sakatI kramazaH sthApitA kA upalambha azakya 332 abhivyakti AvaraNavinAzarUpa nahIM 357 pUrvarUpatA phurita hone para tIna vikalpa 334 satkAryavAda meM bandhamokSAbhAvAdi prasaMga 358 dvitIya-tRtIya vikalpoM kI samIkSA 334 satkAryavAdaniSedha asatkAryavAdasAdhaka 358 darzana aura smRti kA abhedAnubhava ayukta 335 asat-akaraNa kI siddhi meM hetu sAdhyadrohI 359 jJAnAdvaitavAda kA pratiSedha 336 kArya-kAraNabheda pakSa meM viziSTa niyama saMgata 360 bAhyArtha aura parasaMvedana meM asatyatvazaMkA- __ avadhizUnyatva hetu sAdhyadrohI 361 samAdhAna 337 upAdAnagrahaNa Adi hetu sAdhyadrohI / 362 kAlika abheda kI siddhi meM pramANAbhAva 338 upAdAnagrahaNAdihetucatuSka meM virodhApAdana 364 smRti meM abheda kA sphuraNa kyoM nahIM ? 338 utpatti ke pUrva kArya sat-asat kucha nahIM 364 vartamAnasaMvedana ko pUrvApara ke sAtha saMsarga zakti-vyakti rUpoM se kAryasadbhAva azakya 365 nahIM 340 bhedAnvapadarzana hetu meM asiddhi-udbhAvana 366 bhedavAda meM prayukta AkSepoM kA pratikAra sukhAdi meM saMvedanarUpatAsAdhaka hetu kI avidyA kI nivRtti kA asambhava 342 nirdoSatA 367 brahmarUpa se satya upApa kAryasAdhaka nahIM 343 sAMkhyamata kI pratIti meM miSTayAtvaprasaMga 368 357

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389 376 bauddhamata meM vikalpa vAstavika pramANa nahIM hai 369 paryAyanayabhedaH. RjusUtranayAbhiprAya 387 sukhAdi ke viraha meM bhI prasAdAdi se arthanayAnAM vaktavyam 388 anaikAntikatA 370 akSaNika vastu meM kramazaH/pugapad arthakriyA 'pradAna' sAdhaka samanvaya hetu anaikAntika aura asambhava 388 viruddha 371 arthanayacatuSka kA abhiprApa ekajAti aura sthairya kA niSedha 372 zabdavinirmukta arthAvabodha kA samarthana 390 Atmasthala meM samanvayahetu sAdhyadrohI 373 zabdanayAnAM vaktavyatA parimANAdi cAra hetu pradhAnasiddhi meM akSama 373 paMcamasya zabdanayasyAbhiprAyaH 391 vaizvarUppa kA avibhAga-hetu meM asiddhi doSa 374 zabdanayoM-pramANAdivyavahAroM kA mukhya hetu zabda 391 nitya caitanyavAda meM pratyakSavirodha zabdanapa ke mata se liMgabheda se paryAyabheda 391 kartRtva ke vinA bhoktRtva kA asambhava 377 samabhirUDhanayAbhiprAyaH 393 andha-paMgunyAya se pravRtti karma ke vinA kArakAdi ke bheda se vastubheda-zabdanaya 393 aghaTita 377 samabhirUDhanaya-saMjJAbheda se vastubheda 394 pratibimbanyAya se bhoktRtva AtmA meM asaMgata 378 evaMbhUtanayAbhiprAya: 395 andha-paMgunyAya se pradhAnapravRtti asaMbhava 379 evaMbhUta-zabdavAcyakriyA se AviSTa ho vahI buddhi meM acetanAsAdhaka anumAna doSagrasta 380 vastu kSIrapravRtti kA dRSTAnta asaMgata 381 tRtIyagAthAvivaraNa samApta puruSasAdhaka anumAna para vikalpatrayI 382 caturthI gAthA 397 nayopabhedanirUpaNam 384 zuddha - azuddha dravyAstika saMgraha-vyavahAra 397 saMgraha-naigamanayavaktavyatA 384 saMgrahaspa sattAmAtraviSapakatvopadarzanam naya ke prabheda : saMgrahAdinaya 384 sattAmAtravastuvAdI-saMgrahanayaprarUpaNA 398 naigamanaya vaktavyatA 384 anyadArzanikoM kA astyarthavAcakatA meM samarthana 399 vyavahAranayAbhiprAyaH 385 azuddha dravyArthika-vyavahAranaya kA abhiprApa naigama ke vividha abhiprAya ke udAharaNasthaLa 385 prativastu vacanArthanizcaya-vyavahAra 401 pratyakSasiddha bhedagrAhI vyavahAranaya 386 cauthI gAthA kI vyAkhyA samApta 402 saMgrahAdi nayoM meM viSayabheda 386 pariziSTa - 1 pariziSTa - 2 411 395 396 398 400

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smy-prmtth-vitthr-vihaadd-pjjuvaasnn-syno| AgamamalArahiyao jaha hoi tamatthamunnesu // titthayaravayaNasaMgahavise sapatthAramUlavAgaraNI / davvahio ya pajjavaNayo ya sesA viyappA siM // davvadviyanayapayaDI sundA saMgahapakhavaNAvisao / paDirUve puNa vayaNatthanicchao tassa vvhaaro||

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OM hrI~ zrI aha~ namaH zrIzadvezvarapArzvanAthAya namaH / / zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam [dvitIyaH khaNDaH] [dvitIyagAthAvataraNikA evamiSTadevatAnamaskArakaraNadhvastaprakaraNaparisamAptivibandhakRtkliSTakarmAntarAyaH sUrirjinapraNItatvena zAsanasya prakaraNamantareNA'pi svataH siddhatvAt tadabhidheyasya niSprayojanatAmAzaGkamAnaH 'samayaparamatya' . ityAdigAthAsUtreNa prakaraNAbhidheyaprayojanamAha samaya-paramattha-vitthara-vihADa-pajjuvAsaNa-sayano AgamamalArahiyao jaha hoi tamatthamunnesu // 2 // isa prakAra (pUrvakhaNDa meM kahe anusAra) AcArya ne iSTadevatA ko namaskAra kara ke, isa prakaraNa kI samApti meM vighna DAlanevAle klezApAdaka antarAya karma kA dhvaMsa kiyA / aba yadi aisI AzaMkA ho jAya ki - 'dvAdazAMgIrUpa zAsana to jinendrapraNIta hone se svata: siddha hI hai isa liye usa ke abhidheya kA isa prakaraNa se pratipAdana karane kA koI prayojana nahIM hai' - to isa AzaMkA ko dUra karane ke abhiprAya se, AcArya 'samayaparamattha'.... ityAdi dvitIyagAthAsUtra ke dvArA, isa prakaraNa kA abhidheya kyA hai aura usako dikhAne kA prayojana kyA hai yaha kaha rahe haiM gAthArtha - Agama ke viSaya meM malAra (baila) kI taraha (kuNTha) hRdayavAlA bhI jisa prakAra (ke artha) se zAsraparamArtha ke vistara kA prakAzana karanevAle (vidvad) logoM kI sevA meM sakarNa (tatpara) bana jAya (sevA ke phalabhUta zAstravyAkhyAna ke arthAvadhAraNa meM samartha ho jAya) aise artha ko maiM kahU~gA // 2 // * :- vyAkhyAkAra zrI abhayadevasUrijI ne yahA~ iSTadevatA-namaskAra kI jo bAta kahI hai usake upara kisIko vitarka hogA ki - 'zrI siddhasena divAkarasUrijI ne prathama mUlagAthA meM to zrI jinazAsana kA stava kiyA hai, namaskAra nahIM kiyA, phira bhI yahA~ namaskAra kA ullekha kaise kiyA ?' - bAta ThIka hai ki 'namAmi' ityAdi prayoga karake zAsana ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA hai, kintu gaharAI se dekhA jAya to usa prathama mUla gAthA kI vyAkhyA meM zrI abhayadevasUrijI ne kahA hai ki 'zAsana' hI abhISTa devatA hai aura asAdhAraNa guNotkIrtana hI pAramArthika stava hai / namaskAra kA artha bhI pUjA hai aura stava eka pUjA kA hI vizeSa prakAra hai, isI abhiprAya se hI vyAkhyAkAra ne zAsanastava kA 'iSTadevatA namaskAra' pada se ullekha kiyA hai| zrI haribhadrasUrijI ne 'namutthu NaM' sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai . 'namaH zabdaH pUjArthaH' /

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2 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tadeva cAsyA gAthAyAH samudAyArthaH / tacca zrotRpravRttyartham, prayojanasya pratipattimantareNa prekSAvatAM pravRttyanupapatteH, anabhihitaprayojanasya zAstrasya prekSApUrvakAribhiH kAkadantaparIkSAderivAnAzrayaNIyatvAt / ataH prayojanapradarzanena teSAM pravarttanAya zAstrasyAdau vAkyaM tatpratipAdanaparamupAdeyam / taduktam- [lo. vA0 sU0 zlo0 12] sarvasyaiva hi zAstrasya karmaNo vA'pi kasyacit / yAvat prayojanaM noktaM tAvat tat kena gRhyate // punarapyuktam- anirdiSTa phalaM sarva na prekSApUrvakAribhiH / zAstramAdriyate tena vAcyamagre prayojanam // zAstrasya tu phale dRSTe tatprAptyAzAvazIkRtAH / prekSAvantaH pravartante tena vAcyaM prayojanam // yAvat prayojanenAsya sambandho nAbhidhIyate / asambaddhapralApitvAd bhavettAvadasaMgatiH // tasmAd vyAkhyAGgamicchadbhiH sahetussaprayojanaH / zAstrAvatArasambandho vAcyo nAnyastu niSphalaH // [lo0 vA. sU0 1 zlo0 2 aura 25] ityAdi / prayojanapratipAdana kA prayojana [prayojana ke do prakAra haiM (1) grantha kartA kA prayojana aura (2) zrotA kA prayojana / grantha ke adhyayana dvArA jijJAsita artha kA bodha yaha zrotA kA prayojana hotA hai / jijJAsita arthabodha ke liye zrotA apane grantha ke paThana meM pravRtti kare - yaha granthakAra kA prayojana hotA hai aura isI liye granthakAra AdivAkya meM zrotA ke prayojana kA ullekha karate haiM itanA saMdarbha khyAla meM rakha kara aba pddhnaa|] ___ 'prakaraNa kA abhidheya (yAnI usakA nidarzana) niSprayojana hai' isa AzaMkA kA nirAkaraNa, jo gAthA kI avataraNikA meM dikhAyA gayA hai vahI isa gAthA ke pAdacatuSTaya kA mukulita artha hai / taba jijJAsA hogI ki isake abhidheya ko dikhAne kA kyA prayojana hai- usakA uttara yaha hai- zrotAvarga kI pravRtti ke liye abhidheya artha kA nirdeza kiyA jAtA hai| buddhimAna loga tattat kArya meM pravRtti ke liye tadanukulatattvabodha kI AzA karate haiM / jaba taka ve nahIM jAnate haiM ki hamArA iSTa tattvabodharUpa prayojana isa prakaraNa se labhya hai taba taka buddhimAna logoM kI usa prakaraNa ke abhyAsa meM pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI / kaue ke dA~toM kI parIkSA kA koI prayojana na hone se jaise buddhimAna loga usameM Adara nahIM karate vaise hI jisa zAstrameM prayojana (= zrotA kA prayojana yAnI usa zAstra se zrotA ko jisa artha kA bodha prApta hone vAlA hai vaha) apragaTa ho usa zAstra kA zravaNa buddhimAnoM ke liye AdaraNIya nahIM hotA / isI liye zrotAvarga ko isa zAstra ke zravaNa se kina tattvoM kA bodha hogA yaha dikhA kara unako isake zravaNa meM pravRtta karane ke liye prakaraNa ke abhidheya artha ko dikhAnevAlA vAkya upAdeya hai, niSprayojana nahIM hai / jaise ki kahA hai "sabhI zAstroM kA yA kisI bhI karma kA jaba taka (zrotA kA) prayojana nahIM kahA jAtA taba taka kauna usakA Adara karatA hai ?! aura bhI kahA hai "jisa ke phala kA nirdeza na kiyA ho aise kisI bhI zAsra kA buddhimAnoM ke dvArA Adara nahIM kiyA jAtA; ata eva prArambha meM prayojana dikhAnA cAhiye // "

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 [ AdivAkyopAdAnaM vyartham-pUrvapakSaH ] atra ca kecit prerayanti - yadi prekSAvatAM pravRttyarya prayojanapratipAdanAya AdivAkyamupAdIyate tadA te prekSApUrvakAritvAdevApramANake naiva pravRttiM vidadhati / na ca prayojanapratipAdakamAdivAkyaM tatrabhavaM vA jJAnaM pramANam anakSajatvenA'dhyakSatvA'yogAt / / ___ nApyanumAnaM svabhAva-kAryaliMgasamutyam tadbhAvatvena tatkAraNatvena vA tatpratyAyyaprayojanasya pramANato'pratipattestadutthApakasya liMgasya tatsvabhAva-tatkAryatvAnavagamAd, anyasya ca svasAdhyA pratibandhAd apra "zAsra ke phala ko jAnane ke bAda usa phala kI prApti kI AzA ke vaza bane hue buddhimAnoM ke dvArA usa (zAsra) meM pravRtti hotI hai, isaliye prayojana dikhAnA cAhiye // " "prayojana ke sAtha (isa prakaraNa kA sAdhya-sAdhanAdirUpa) sambandha bhI jaba taka nahIM dikhAyA jAtA taba taka (zAsrakAra meM) asambaddhapralApitA (ke jJAna) se (zAstra meM) asaMgati (kI kalpanA) hotI hai|" isIliye vyAkhyA ke aMga (prakaraNa ke sAtha prayojana ke sambandha) ko cAhane vAle kI ora se hetu (=pramANa) aura prayojana ke sAtha zAstrAvatAra (prayojaka) sambandha bhI kahA jAnA cAhiye, anya koI niSphala (svasvAmIbhAvAdika sambandha) na kahA jAya H...... ityAdi kahA gayA hai / (sarvasya0 yAvat prayojanena0 aura tasmAd vyAkhyA0 ye tIna zloka to zlokavArtika meM bhI milate haiM, kintu anirdiSTa. aura zAstrasya tu0 do zlokoM kA mUlasthAna pAyA nahIM jAtA) pUrvapakSa-AdivAkya nirarthaka, pramANAtIta meM pravRttiviraha yahA~, AdivAkya nirarthakatAvAdI kucha loga apanI bAta karate haiM - agara buddhimAnoM ko pravRtta karane ke liye prayojana kA pratipAdana aura usa ke liye prArambhikavAkyaprayoga kiyA jAtA hai to ve buddhimAna hone ke kAraNa hI aise Apake vAkya se janita jJAna ke viSayabhUta prayojana meM pravRtti nahIM kareMge / prayojana kA pratipAdaka prArambhikavAkya athavA tajanya jJAna, pramANabhUta nahIM hai, kyoMki indriyajanya na hone se vaha pratyakSa-pramANarUpa nahIM ho sktaa| anumAnapramANarUpa bhI usako nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki anumAna ke svabhAvahetujanya aura kAryahetujanya ye do prakAra haiM, unameM se eka bhI yahA~ sArthaka nahIM hai, kyoMki vAkyarUpa vastu ke svabhAvarUpa meM yA vAkyarUpa * prAya: hara koI prAcIna zAstra meM sambandha-pratipAdana kI AvazyakatA dikhAyI jAtI hai| prastuta dvitIya mUla gAthA meM prayojana kA to sAkSAt sUcana huA hai kintu sambandha kaise sUcita huA yaha prazna hai| isa kA uttara yaha hai, granthapratipAdya artha kA, baktA granthakAra ke yA unakI vANI ke sAtha viziSTa sambandha dikhAnA caahiye| agara vaktA vaidhaparamparA meM paDha kara niSNAta banA ho phira bhI vaha kAvya pA tarka-pramANa Adi kI kathA sunAne lage to pratipAdya viSaya ke sAtha usa vaktA kA koI ghaniSTha saMbandha nahIM hai yaha jAna kara zrotA unase vimukha ho jAyeMge / prastuta meM kahA hai ki - AlasI vyaktioM ko bhI zAstrajJAnIoM kI bAta sunane kA AkarSaNa pragaTa ho aisI bAta kaheMge - yahA~ pratipAdya viSaya aisA sAdhanabhUta artha hai jisase zAstrajJAnIoM ke kathana kA tAtparyabodha rUpa sAdhya siddha ho, isa prakAra kA sAdhana-sAdhya bhAva sambandha sUcita kiyA hai| tathA vaktA ne yahA~ zAstrajJAnIoM kA ullekha karake unakI paramparA ke sAtha apanA sambandha sacita kara diyA hai jisase zrotA ko yaha vizvAsa bhI hogA ki granthakAra apane pratipAdya viSaya ke jJAtAoM kI paramparA meM pa viSaya ke nirUpaNa ke liye pUrNatayA adhikRta bane haiN| isa prakAra guruparvakramarUpa sambandha bhI pragaTa ho gayA hai|

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tibaddhasya ca svasAdhyavyabhicAreNA'gamakatvAt, tattve vAtiprasaMgAta, tatpratibaddhatve'pyanizcitapratibandhasyAtiprasaMgata eva agamakatvAt / / na ca vAkyamidaM pravarttamAnaM svamahimnaiva svArtha pratyAyatIti zabdapramANarUpatvAt svAbhidheyaprayojanapratipAdane pramANam, zabdasya bAhye'rthe pratibandhA'sambhavenAprAmANyAt, vivakSAyAM prAmANye'pi tasyA bAhArthA'vinAbhAvitvA'yogAt / nApi ye yamartha vivakSanti te tathaiva taM pratipAdayanti, anyavivakSAyAmapyanyazabdoccAraNadarzanAt, vivakSAyAca bAhyArthaprativaddhatvAnupapatterekAntataH / tanna zabdAdapi pramANAdAdivAkyarUpAt prayojanavizeSopAyapratipattiH tadapratipattau ca teSAM tataH pravRttau prekssaapuurvkaaritaavyaavRttiprsnggaat| -"prayojanavizeSopAyasaMzayotpAdakatvena pravRttyaGgatvAdAdivAkyasya sArthakatvam / tathAhi - arthasaMzavastu ke kAraNarUpa meM usa vAkya se bodhya zrotA ke prayojana kI kisI bhI pramANa se upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai| isaliye zrotA ke apane prayojana kI anumiti karAnevAlA koI aisA liMga bhI upalabdha nahIM hai jo prayojana ke svabhAva yA kAryarUpa meM prasiddha ho / tatsvabhAva yA tatkArya se bhinna padArtha taMt kA liMga nahIM bana sakatA kyoMki usameM prayojanarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti nahIM hotI / vyAptizUnya padArtha apane sAdhya kA drohI hone ke kAraNa vaha usakA bodhaka nahIM hotaa| phira bhI usako bodhaka mAneMge to kisI bhI padArtha ko usa sAdhya kA bodhaka mAnane kI Apatti A pddegii| mAna lo ki usa padArtha meM apane sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti hai kintu vaha nizcita nahIM hai to bhI vaha padArtha sAdhya-bodhaka nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki anizvitavyAptivAle liMga se sAdhyabodha mAnane para, dhUma meM agni kI vyApti kA jJAna na hone para bhI bAlaka ko dhUma se agnijJAna ho jAne kA atiprasaMga mu~ha phADa kara khaDA hai / bAhyArtha ke sAtha zabda kA sambandha amAnya * 'yaha Adi vAkya zabdapramANarUpa hone se usakA prayoga karane para vaha apanI mahimA se hI svavAcya artha kA bodha karAyegA' - aisA to nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki bAhya artha ke sAtha zabda kA kisI prakAra sambandha saMbhava na hone ke kAraNa zabda ko pramANarUpa nahIM mAna sakate / kadAcit vaktA kA tAtparya (=vivakSA) jisa artha meM ho usa meM zabda kA prAmANya kSaNabhara ke liye mAna liyA jAya to bhI vaha a~catA nahIM hai cU~ki kabhI kabhI bAhyArtha na rahane para bhI usameM vaktA kI vivakSA ho sakatI hai jaise ki vandhyAputrAdi zabda kA prayoga / tAtparya - 'vaktA kI vivakSA bAhyArtha ke hone para hI hove' - aisA niyama nahIM hai / uparAMta, yaha bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki vaktA ko jisa artha meM vivakSA hotI hai usI artha kA usI DhaMga se (jisa DhaMga kI vivakSA ho) pratipAdana vaktA kare aisA nahIM hotA, kabhI kabhI to vivakSA kucha azvAdi viSayaka ho aura pratipAdana dhenu Adi zabdoccAra se kiyA jAya aisA dikhAI detA hai / tathA, vivakSA niyamata: bAhyArtha se pratibaddha hI ho yaha bAta siddha nahIM hai / niSkarSa, AdivAkyarUpa zabdAtmaka pramANa se bhI zrotA ko apane prayojanavizeSa kI aura 'yaha grantha usa kA upAya hai' isa prakAra kI upalabdhi zakya nahIM hai, upalabdhi ke binA bhI yadi buddhimAna loga usa vAkya se pravRtti kareMge to unake buddhipUrvakakAryakAritva guNa ko kSati phuNcegii| saMzayajanaka hone se AdivAkya sArthaka yahA~ sArthakatAvAdI aisA kahatA hai ki - AdivAkya se, "isa zAstra kA zravaNa apane prayojana ke upAyabhUta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA..2 yAdapi pravRttirupalabhyate yathA kRSIbalAdInAM kRSyAdAvanavagatazasyA'vAptiphalAnAm / atha abIjAdivivekenAvadhRtabIjAdibhAvatayA nivitopAyAH tadupeyasyA'vAptyanizraye'pi tatra teSAM pravRttiyuktA na punaH zAstrazravaNAdau, upeyaprayojanavizeSA'nizcayavat tdupaayaabhimtaadivaakyprtyaayyopaaynishcysyaapysNbhvaat| ayuktametat-yato yathA sasyasampattyAdau phale kRSIvalAdeH saMdehastathA tadupAyAbhimatabIjAdAvapi, anirvatitakAryasya kAraNasya tathAbhAvanizcayA'yogAt / tatra yathA kRSyAdikaM saMzayyamAnopAyabhAvaM pravRttikAraNaM tathA zAstramapyAdivAkyAdanizcitopAyabhAvaM kiM na pravRttikAraNamabhyupagamyeta"- iti cet ? asadetat - AdivAkyopanyAsaH zAstraprayojana- viSayasaMzayotpAdanArtham saMzayo'pi ca nizcayaviruddhaH - anutpanne ca nicaye - tatrApratibaddhapravRttihetutayA prAdurbhavan kena vAryate AdivAkyopanyAsamantareNApi !! athA'zrutaprayojanavAkyAnAM prayojanasAmAnye tatsattvetarAbhyAM saMzayo jAyate - 'kimidaM cikitsAzAhai yA nahIM" aisA saMzaya utpanna hotA hai aura isa saMzaya se bhI zAsa meM pravRtti hotI hai, isa rIti se pravRtti kA aMga yAnI prayojaka hone se AdivAkya sArthaka hai / dekhiye, vastu ke saMzaya se bhI pravRtti hotI dikhAI detI hai, jaise ki bhAvi dhAnyaniSpatti rUpa phala kA Thosa nizcaya na hone para bhI usake saMzaya se hI kRSikAra loga kRSi meM pravRtta hote haiM / yadi isa ke sAmane aisI zaMkA kareM ki - 'bIjabhinna padArtha ko eka ora rakha kara jisameM bIjasvabhAva kA avadhAraNa ho vahI dhAnya kA upAya hai aisA dRDha nizcaya karake hI kRSikAra kRSi meM pravRtta hote haiN| bhale hI una logoM ko dhAnyaprApti kA nizcaya na rahe phira bhI bIjarUpa upAya ke nizcaya se una kI kRSi meM pravRtti ghaTa sakatI hai, jabaki prastuta meM upeyabhUta prayojana kA yAnI zrotA ko apane prayojanavizeSa kA jaise nizcaya nahIM hai, vaise hI, usa ke upAyarUpa meM yAnI zrotA ko usake prayojana ke bodhakarUpa meM Apa ko mAnya jo AdivAkya hai, usa se zrotA ko jo yaha nizcaya honA cAhiye ki 'isa zAstra kA zravaNa mere prayojana kA upAya hai' aisA upAya kA nizcaya bhI AdivAkya se sambhavita nahIM hai, to upAya ke nizcaya binA AdivAkya meM pravRtti kaise hogI ?' - to yaha zaMkA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jaba dhAnyaprAptirUpa phala meM saMdeha hai to usa ke upAyarUpa se mAnya bIja meM upAyarUpatA kA nizcaya bhI kaise ho sakatA hai ? saMdeha hI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki jaba taka kAryotpatti na dikhAI de taba taka usake kAraNarUpa se abhimata vastu meM kAraNatA kA nizcaya ho nahIM sakatA / sArAMza, kRSi Adi meM dhAnyaprAptikAraNatva saMzayArUDha hone para bhI kRSi Adi svaviSayaka pravatti meM kAraNa banate haiM usI prakAra AdivAkya se upAyatva kA nizcaya na rahane para bhI 'zAstra mere prayojana kA sAdhaka hogA yA nahIM hogA' isa prakAra ke AdivAkyajanya saMzaya se hI zAstra svazravaNa meM kAraNa hotA hai - aisA hama sArthakatAvAdI mAne to kyA galata huA ? sArthakatAvAdI ke isa pUre kathana para nirarthakatAvAdI kahate haiM ki - AdivAkya kA upanyAsa zAstraprayojanarUpa viSaya ke saMzaya ko paidA karane ke liye kiyA jAtA hai, kintu saMzaya jo ki nizcaya se viruddha hai, nizcaya jaba taka utpanna hI nahIM huA taba taka AdivAkya ke binA bhI utpanna ho sakatA hai, virodha ke na rahane para pravRttihetu honevAle usakI utpatti ko koI bhI nahIM roka sakatA, kyoMki nizcaya anutpanna hone se saMzaya kI utpatti niSkaMTaka hai, phira AdivAkya kA upanyAsa karane kI bhI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? *prayojanavizeSasaMzaya kA utpAdaka AdivAkya upAdeya agara sArthakatAvAdI kaheM - prayojanavAkya na sunane para sAmAnya sadbhAva yA abhAva ke prayojana ke viSaya

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam stravat saprayojanamata kAkadantaparIkSAvaniSprayojanam - tatazca saMzayAdanupanyaste prayojanavAkye prayojanasAmAnyArthinaH pravarttantAm prayojanavizeSe tu kathamazrutaprayojanavAkyAnAM saMzayotpattiH ? prAyeNa ca prayojanavizeSaviSayasyaiva saMzayasya pravRttikAraNatvAt tadutpAdanAyAdivAkyamupAdeyam atazca prayojanasAmAnyavizeSeSu saMzayAnAH 'kimidaM saprayojanamuta niSprayojanam saprayojanatve'pi kimabhilaSitenaiva prayojanena tadvat' iti pakSaparAmarza kurvANAH pravartante / asadetat - kutazcicchAsvAdanubhUtaprayojanavizeSa-zrotAraM prati prayojanavAkyasyAnupayogAt - sa hi kizcicchAstramupalabhya prAganubhUtaprayojanavizeSeNa zAstreNA'sya vAkyAtmakatvena sAdharmyamavadhArya 'idamapi niSprayojanam utA'nabhimataprayojanavat utA'bhISTaprayojanavadvA' ityAzayamAnaH prayojanavAkyamantareNA'pi pravartata eva ananubhUtaprayojanavizeSastu prayojanavAkyAdapi naiva pravartate, taM prati tasyApi tadutpAdakatvA'yogAt - na hi prAgananubhUtazAstraprayojanavizeSa: 'prayojanapratipAdakaM vAkyametadartham' ityapi pratipattuM samartho'paraprayatnamantareNa / nApyanubhUta-vismRtaprayojanavizeSaH prayojanavAkyAt saMsmRtya tadvizeSaH saMzayAnaH pravartate, tadrahitazAstrAdapi tadvizeSe smRtisambhavAt / niyamena tu nobhAbhyAmapi tadanusmaraNaM bhavati, tathApi prayojanavAkyameM aisA saMzaya ho sakatA hai ki "yaha zAstra cikitsAzAstra kI bhA~ti saprayojana hai yA kaue ke dA~to kI parIkSA kI bhA~ti niSprayojana hai ?" prayojanavAkya kA upanyAsa na hone para bhI sAmAnya prayojana ke arthI loga ukta saMzaya se prerita ho kara pravRtta hote haiM yaha bAta to saMgata hai; kintu jo loga vizeSa prayojana ke arthI hai unako prayojanavAkya binA sune saMzaya hI kaise hogA ? mukhyarUpa se to vahI saMzaya pravRttipreraka hotA hai jo vizeSaprayojanaviSayaka ho, ata: pravRttikAraka saMzaya ko jagAne ke liye AdivAkya kA upanyAsa karanA cAhiye / AdivAkya kA upanyAsa hone para sAmAnya yA vizeSa kisI bhI prakAra ke prayojana meM saMdeha rakhanevAle loga aise bhinna bhinna pakSa ke bAre meM vimarza kara sakate haiM ki 'yaha zAstra saprayojana hai yA niSprayojana ? athavA saprayojana hone para bhI kyA yaha apane vAMchita prayojanavAlA hai yA usase viparIta ?! aisA vimarza karake ye loga zAstrazravaNa meM pravRtti karate haiM / - to sArthakatAvAdI kI yaha bAta asat hai, kAraNa, jisa zrotA ko kisI zAstra se prayojanavizeSa kI upalabdhi ho gayI hai usa ke liye prayojanavAkya kisI upayoga kA nahIM hai / jaise dekhiye - kisI zrotA ko pahale koI eka zAstra mila gayA, usa zAstra ke paThana se prayojanavizeSa bhI avagata ho gayA hai / Apa ke zAstra meM aura pUrvapaThita usa zAstra meM vAkyasamUhAtmakatvarUpa sAdharmya to hai hI, usa sAdharmya kA patA calane para usa zrotA ko yaha AzaMkA honA sahaja hai ki 'jaise pUrvapaThita zAstra saprayojana thA vaise yaha zAstra bhI kyA saprayojana hai yA niSprayojana ? athavA hamArA abhimata prayojana usameM hai yA anabhimata ? aisI AzaMkA hone para, prayojanavAkya granthanibaddha na hone para bhI vaha zrotA usameM pravRtti karatA hai| mAna lo ki kisI zrotA ko prayojanavizeSa kA pUrvAnubhava hai hI nahIM, to bhI prayojanavAkya nirarthaka hai, cUMki vaise zrotA ko to granthanibaddha prayojanavAkya se ukta DhaMga kI AzaMkA utpanna hone kA saMbhava hI nahIM / jaba taka usa zrotA ko dUsare kisI mAdhyama se prayojanavizeSa kA bodha prApta nahIM hai, taba laga prayojanavizeSabodhazUnya vyakti, isa grantha ke 'prayojanavAkya kA aisA artha hai' isa prakAra samajhane meM samartha nahIM rahatA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 sya tataH smRtihetutvataH upanyAse'nyasyApi taddhetoH kiM nopanyAsaH ? sAmAnyavizeSayozca darzanA'darzanAbhyAM vizeSasmaraNasahakAribhyAM saMzayaH, na ca prayojanavAkyaM prayojanavizeSasya bhAvA'bhAvayoH sAmAnyam / atha vivakSAparatantratvAt svArthatathAbhAvA'tathAbhAvayorapi prayogasambhavAt sAmAnyameva vAkyam-zAstramapi tarhi zAstrAntarasAdRzyAt prayojananivRttyupAyatvA'nupAyatvayoH sAmAnyam - anyataranizcayanimittAbhAvAtta taH saMzayAnaH pravarttatAm kimakizcitkarayojanavAkyena ? na ca sAmAnyasya vizeSasya ca darzanA'darzanAbhyAmeva yathoktAbhyAM saMzayaH kintu sAdhaka-bAdhaka-pramANA'pravRttAvapi, sA ca prayojanavAkyopanyAsA'nupanyAsayorapi sambhavatyeva / *prayojana yA zAstra se vizeSasmRti ?* yadi kahA jAya ki - "pUrvakAla meM jisane vizeSaprayojana kA anubhava kiyA hai kintu vartamAna meM vismaraNa ho gayA hai aise AdamI ko prayojanavAkya se puna: usa kA smaraNa ho jAne para prayojanaviSayaka saMzaya ho jAyegA - aura usa saMzaya se usakI zAstra meM pravRtti hogI - isa rIti se prayojanavAkya sArthaka banegA" - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki prayojanavAkya zAstra meM na rahane para bhI anya kisI citradarzanAdi hetu se athavA prayojanavAkyazUnya zAstra se bhI vizeSaprayojanaviSayaka smRti ho sakatI hai, phira prayojanavAkya to nirarthaka hI rahA / aisA to kucha hai nahIM ki "prayojanavAkyazUnya zAstra se prayojanasmaraNa avazyaMbhAvi nahIM hai jabaki prayojanavAkya se vaha avazya bhAvi hai" / phira kyA kAraNa hai ki prayojanasmaraNa ke heturUpa meM grantha meM prayojanavAkya kA to vinyAsa kiyA jAya aura citrAdi anya hetuo kA vinyAsa na kiyA jAya ? saMzaya kI utpatti usI dazA meM hotI hai jaba ki viSayagata vizeSa kA darzana na hotA ho, sAmAnyatattva kA hI darzana ho sakatA ho aura vizeSa kA smaraNa sahakArirUpa meM upasthita ho - jaise ki sthANutva yA puruSatva rUpa vizeSa kA darzana na ho, UrdhvasthAyitArUpa sAmAnya kA darzana ho aura sthANutvAdi vizeSa kA smaraNa ho jAya taba 'yaha DhUMTha hai yA puruSa' aisA saMzaya par3a jAtA hai| prastuta meM prayojanavAkya yaha koI sAmAnyatattvarUpa nahIM hai jisase ki prayojana ke sadbhAva yA abhAva ke viSaya meM saMzaya kA prAdurbhAva ho sake / yadi aisA kahe ki - zAstra meM svArtha yAni prayojana kA sadbhAva ho yA abhAva ho, donoM sthiti meM prayojanavAkya ke prayoga kA pUrA pUrA sambhava hai kyoMki vAkyaprayoga vaktA kI icchA ko adhIna hotA hai.| isa taraha prayojanavAkya ko hI sAmAnyatattvarUpa mAna kara usake jJAna se prayojana sadbhAva-abhAva ke viSaya meM saMzaya kA utthAna ho skegaa| - to isake sAmane yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki zAstra bhI saprayojana yA niSprayojana anyazAstra ke tulya hone se prayojanaprApti kA upAyatva aura anupAyatva donoM vizeSa ke bIca zAstra hI sAmAnyatattva bana gayA, aura vahA~ upAyatva yA anupAyatva donoM meM se kisI kA bhI nizcaya karane kI sAmagrI nahIM hai - to usa dazA meM zAstrarUpa se pravRtti bhI hogI, phira nirarthaka prayojanavAkya kA upanyAsa karane se kyA phAyadA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vizeSa kA adarzana aura sAmAnya kA darzana-itane mAtra se saMzaya nahIM par3atA, kintu usa samaya kisI eka koTi ke sAdhaka yA bAdhaka pramANa kI pravRtti kA viraha bhI honA cAhiye / anyathA usa sAdhaka-bAdhaka pramANa se kisI eka koTi kA hone kA yA nahIM hone kA nizcaya hI pravRtta ho jAyegA / aba cAhe prayojanavAkya kA upanyAsa kare yA na kare, tathAvidha pramANa kA yadi viraha rahegA to saMzaya paDa jAyegA,

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam - mA bhUt saMzayotpAdanena vAkyasya zAstrazravaNAdipravRttau sAmarthyam, kintu prakaraNArambhapratiSedhAya 'nArabdhavyamidaM prakaraNam, aprayojanatvAt, kAkadantaparIkSAvat' iti vyApakAnupalabdherasiddhatodbhAvanAya tadupanyAsaH- iti cet ? etadapyasad, yataH zAstraprayojanaM vAkyenA'pradarzayatA tadasiddhirudbhAvayitumazakyA, vAkyasyA'pramANatayA prayojanavizeSasadbhAvaprakAzanasAmarthyAbhAvAt / na ca saprayojanatvetarayoH parasparaparihArasthitayoH kutazcit pramANAdekabhAvApratipattAvitarAbhAvapratipattiH - atiprasaMgAt - yena vAkyamAtrasyopakSepeNa hetorasiddhiH syAt ! nA'pi kutazcit prayojanavizeSamupalabhya(bha)mAnena svayamupalabdhaprayojanavizeSopalambhopAyamapradarzayatA kartuM zakyA asiddhatodbhAvanA, vAkyasyApramANasya hetupratipakSabhUtArthopasthApanA'zaktasyopanyAsamAtreNA'siddhezyogAt / nApyanibandhanA pratipattiH atiprasaMgAt / atha yadyapyapramANatvAd viparItArthopasthApanamukhenA'siddhatAmidaM nodbhAvayati tathApi zAstrasya niprayojanatA saMdigdhA'taH, saMdigdhaniSprayojanatvasya zAstrasya prayojanA'bhAvaM nizcitaM prekSAvadArambhapratiSedhahetuM prayuJjAno'nena vAkyena pratikSeptumiSTaH na punaH prayojanaviSayanizcaya evotpAdayitumiSTaH / na hi pratipakSopausase pravRtti hogI, phira prayojanavAkya kA upanyAsa kyoM kiyA jAya ? AdivAkya prakaraNArambhAyogyatA anumAna hetuasiddhatA kA sUcaka* yadi aisA kaheM ki - saMzayajanana dvArA zAsrazravaNaviSayaka pravRtti karAne ke liye AdivAkya ko samartha na mAnanA ho to mata mAniye / phira bhI usakA upanyAsa prativAdI ke eka anumAna kA nirasana karane ke liye Avazyaka hai / prativAdI prakaraNArambha kA niSedha karane ke liye aisA anumAna prastuta karate haiM ki - "yaha (prastuta) prakaraNa Arambha karane lAyaka nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha prayojanazUnya hai jaise kaue ke dA~to kI parIkSA (niHprayojana hone se Arambha karane lAyaka nahIM hotI)" - isa anumAna meM AraMbha yogyatA kI vyApakIbhUta prayojanavattA [jahA~ ArambhayogyatA hotI hai vahA~ prayojanavattA avazya hotI hai isa prakAra prayojanavattA vyApaka hai, usa] kI anupalabdhi ko hetu banAyA gayA hai / isa hetu meM asiddhatA doSa kA udbhAvana karane ke liye - yAnI prastuta prakaraNa prayojanazUnya nahIM hai yaha dIkhAne ke liye AdivAkya kA upanyAsa karanA nirdoSa hai - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai - kyoMki vAkya koI aisA Thosa pramANa hI nahIM hai, pramANarUpa na hone se hI usameM prayojanavizeSa ke astitva ko pragaTa karane kA sAmarthya bhI nahIM ho sakatA / taba usase anumAnahetu kI asiddhatA kA nirUpaNa kaise ho sakegA ? tathA, saprayojanatva aura niSprayojanatva donoM eka dUsare ko choDa kara rahanevAle dharma haiM / isa liye, jaba taka kisI eka pramANa se una donoM meM se eka ke sadbhAva kA upalambha na ho jAya taba laga dUsare ke abhAva kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA / yadi ho jAya to yaha atiprasaMga hogA ki eka-dUsare ko choDa kara rahanevAle do dharmoM gotva-azvatvAdi meM se, koI eka pramANa se kisI eka gotvAdi kA upalambha na hone para bhI azvatva ke abhAva kA upalambha ho jAyegA / prastuta meM vAkya jaba pramANabhUta hI nahIM hai to usase kisI eka (saprayojanatva) dharma ke upalambha kA bhI sambhava nahIM hai to phira vAkya ke upanyAsa se vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa hetu ko asiddha kaise ThaharAyA jA sakatA hai ?! sambhava hai ki Apako kisI ora pramANa se prayojana vizeSa kA upalambha ho bhI gayA ho, kintu jaba

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 kSepeNaiva sAdhanadharmANAmasiddhiH api tu svagrAhijJAnavikalatayA saMdigdhadharmisambandhitvamapyasiddhatvameva, tasmAt saMdigdhA'siddhatodbhAvanAya vAkyaprayoga iti- tadapyanupapannam, yathA hi saprayojanatve saMdehotpAdane vAkyasyAnupayogitvam - zAstramAtrAdapi bhAvAt tathA niSprayojanatve'pi evaM hyanena vAkyena hetorasiddhatodbhAvitA bhavati yadi tatsattAsaMdehanibandhanAni kAraNAnyapi tadaiva prakAzitAni bhavanti / na ca viparyastapuruSasaMdehotpAdane tad vAkyaM prabhavati, adarzanAt / na ca prastutazAstrasya prayojanavacchAstrAntareNa kathaJcit sAmyAt sAdhaka-bAdhakapramANA'pravRttitazcAnyAni saMdehakAraNAni sambhavanti, vAkyamapyetAvanmAtraprakAzanaparaM hetoH saMdigdhA'siddhatAmudbhAvayet, tacca tathA taka svayamupalabdha prayojana vizeSa kA anya ko upalambha karAne ke liye Apa kisI Thosa upAya kA nidarzana na kareM taba taka anya ke prati Apa niSprayojanatva hetu kI asiddhi kA udbhAvana kara nahIM sakate / kadAcit vAkya ko hI upAya samajha kara Apa usakA nidarzana kare, phira bhI vAkya to apramANa hai isaliye niSprayojanatva hetu ke vipakSabhUta saprayojanatva kA pratipAdana karane meM usakI guMjAIza hI jaba nahIM hai to vAkya ke upanyAsa mAtra se niSprayojanatva hetu kI asiddhi nahIM ho sakatI / binA upAya hI anya ko saprayojanatva kA upalambha ho jAya yaha to sambhava hI nahIM hai, sambhava ho taba to sAre vizva kA upalambha bhI binA upAya kyoM na ho jAya ? ! - AdivAkya saMdigdhAsiddhatA dikhAne ke liye aba prayojanavAkyasaphalatAvAdI kahatA hai- mAna lo ki vAkya pramANabhUta nahIM hai isaliye niSprayojanatva ke viparIta saprayojanatvarUpa artha ko upasthita karane dvArA niSprayojanatva hetu meM asiddhatA kA udbhAvana prayojanavAkya nahIM kara sakatA / phira bhI prayojanavAkya se 'zAstra niSprayojana hai' isa bAta meM saMdeha to paidA ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra jisa zAstra meM prayojanAbhAva hI saMdehagrasta hai usa zAstra meM prekSAvAnoM ko pravRtti kA niSedha karane ke liye mAno nizcita ho isa rUpa meM prayojanAbhAva ko heturUpa se yadi prayoga kiyA jAya to vahA~ saMdigdha asiddhatA ko dikhA kara usakA pratikSepa karanA yahI hamArA abhimata hai / prayojanasadbhAva kA nizcaya paidA karAnA yaha hamArA abhimata hai hI nhiiN| aisA nahIM hai ki saprayojanatva rUpa pratipakSa kA upakSepa yAnI nizcaya hone para hI niSprayojanatvarUpa sAdhanadharma yAnI hetu asiddha kahA jA sake; taba bhI hetu asiddha kahA jA sakatA hai jaba pakSa meM hetu kA grAhaka koI pramANa na hone se hetumatUrUpa se pakSa yAnI dharmI hI saMdigdha ho jAya to aise saMdigdhadharmI ke saMbandhIrUpa meM upanyasta hetu bhI asiddha hI ginA jAtA hai / yahA~ prastuta meM jaba prayojanAbhAva kA nizcAyaka koI pramANa hI nahIM hai taba prayojanavAkya kA prayoga karane se hetu meM saMdigdha asiddhatA dikhAyI jA sakatI hai / - prayojanavAkyaniSphalatAvAdI kahatA hai ki yaha bhI ghaTa sake aisA nahIM hai / pahale hI kaha Aye haiN| ki vAkya saprayojanatva ke saMdeha ko paidA karane ke liye anupayogI hai kyokiM sirpha zAstroM se bhI saprayojanatva kA saMdeha paidA ho sakatA hai, aise hI niSprayojanatva kA saMdeha bhI sirpha zAstra se hI ho sakatA hai phira vAkya kI kyA jarUra ? hA~, prayojana ke sadbhAva ke viSaya meM saMzaya ke aneka kAraNoM kI bhI prayojanavAkyaprayoga ke sAtha hI upasthiti kI jAtI ho to usa dazA meM prayojanavAkya se hetu kI asiddhi kA udbhAvana kiyA

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam prakAzanamanupanyaste'pi vAkye zAstramAtrAdapi darzanAt pramANadvayA'vRttezca bhavatIti kastasyopayogaH ? 'anupanyaste kathaM tat' iti cet ? upanyaste'pi katham ? na hi tadupanyAsA'nupanyAsAvasthayoH saMdigdhatvAt prastutAt kathaJcana vizeSaM pazyAmaH / 'asiddhatodbhAvanamanena nyAyena sarvamevA'saMgata'miti cet ? naitat, na hyanena prakAreNA'siddhatodbhAvanameva pratikSipyate, kintu pramANarahitAd vAGmAtrAdasiddhatA nodbhAvayituM zakyeti pradarzyate / tana prayojanavAkyaM hetvasiddhatodbhAvanArthamapi yuktam / na ca paropanyaste sAdhane prayojanavAkyenA'siddhatAmudbhAvya 'kathamasiddhiH sAdhanasya' iti pratyavasthAnavantaM zAstraparisamApteH prayojanamavagamayan zAstraM zrAvayati tataH samadhigate prayojane tadupanyastasya sAdhanasyA'siddhiriti vaktuM zakyam, zAstrazravaNataH prayojanAvagame zAstrasyAdau tadvAkyopanyAsasya vaiyarthyaprasakteH / jA sakatA hai| kintu jisa puruSa ko niSprayojanatva ke viSaya meM dRDha viparyAsa ho gayA hai aise puruSa ko saMdeha utpanna karane meM vAkya samartha nahIM bana sakatA hai kyoMki aisA dekhA nahIM jAtA ki viparyAsa vAle puruSa ko prayojanavAkya se saMzaya hotA ho / prayojana ke viSaya meM saMdeha paidA karane vAle kAraNa to ye hI haiM - prayojanayukta anya zAstra kA prastuta zAstra meM kucha kucha sAmya, aura sAdhaka-bAdhaka pramANa dvaya kA anudaya, isa se anya koI saMzayotpAdaka kAraNa nahIM haiM, isa sthiti meM vAkya bhI ina kAraNoM kI upasthiti karane dvArA hI saMzaya kA janaka ho kara saMdigdha asiddhatA kA ApAdaka ho sakatA hai| kiMtu aisA nahIM hai ki isa kAraNoM kI upasthiti sirpha vAkya se hI hotI ho, sAdhaka-bAdhaka pramANadvaya anutthita rahane para kevala zAstra ke darzana se bhI saMzaya kA udbhava ho sakatA hai, phira vahA~ prayojanavAkya kI kyA jarUra ? prazna : 'prayojana vAkya kA upanyAsa hI na hogA to vahA~ saMdigdhaasiddhatA kA udbhAvana bhI kaise hogA ?' uttara : prayojanavAkya ke hone para bhI vaha kaise ho sakegA ? cAhe vAkya kA upanyAsa kare yA na kare, donoM sthiti meM agara saprayojana zAstrAntara ke sAtha sAmyadarzana aura sAdhakabAdhaka pramANa kA anudaya rahegA to prastuta saMdigdhatA ke hone meM kucha bhI antara nahIM dIkhatA / prazna : agara sarvatra aisA hI nyAya mAneMge taba to asiddhatA kA udbhAvana kahIM bhI nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki jisa ke dvArA asiddhatA kA udbhAvana kiyA jAyegA usa ko isI rIti se niSphala batAyA jA skegaa| ___uttara : Apa jisa rIti se asiddhatA kA udbhAvana karanA cAhate haiM, usa meM hama rukAvaTa nahIM karate, hama to sirpha itanA hI dIkhAnA cAhate haiM ki pramANazUnya vacanamAtra se hI asiddhatA kA udbhAvana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| sArAMza, prayojana vAkya hetu kI asiddhatA udbhAvita karane ke liye hai - yaha bAta yukta nahIM hai / sArthakatApakSI : zAstra meM niSprayojanatA kI siddhi ke liye jaba prativAdI kisI sAdhana kA upanyAsa karegA to hama prayojanavAkya ke pratipAdana se usa ke sAdhana meM asiddhi kA udbhAvana kara sakeMge / isa ke sAmane vaha avazya pUchegA ki 'merA sAdhana asiddha kaise ?' taba zAstra ke anta taka prayojana kA bodha karAte huye pUrA zAstra sunA deMge / zAstra zravaNa se usa ko prayojana kA bodha ho jAne para yaha bhAna ho jAyegA ki usa ke dvArA niSprayojanatA kI siddhi ke liye upanyasta sAdhana asiddha hai / isa prakAra asiddhi ke prAthamika udbhAvana meM prayojanavAkya sArthaka ho jaayegaa|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 ata eva "zAstrArthapratijJApratipAdanaparaH AdivAkyopanyAsaH" [ ] ityAyapi pratikSiptam, apramANAdAdivAkyAt tadasiddheH / tathA, sambandhA'bhidheyapratyAyanaparANyapi vAkyAni zAstrAdau vAGmAtreNa nizcayA'yogAniSprayojanAni pratikSiptAnyeva, uktanyAyasya samAnatvAt / tadayuktam - 'samaya' * ityAdi-abhidheyaprayojanapratipAdakam gAthAsUtram / [AdivAkyasya sArthakatA - uttarapakSaH ] atra pratividhIyate - yaduktam 'na pratyakSamanumAnaM vA zabdaH' tatra siddhasAdhyatA, pratyakSAnumAnalakSaNA'yogAt tatra / yacca 'nApi zabdaH pramANam bahirarthe tasya pratibandhavaikalyena, vivakSAyAM tu pratibandhe'pi yathAvivakSamA'sambhavAt' tadapyasAram bAhyArthena zabdapratibandhasya prasAdhayiSyamANatvAt tatraiva ca pratipatti-pravRttyAdivyavahArasyopalabhyamAnatvAd bAhyArthe eva zabdasya prAmANyamabhyupagantavyaM pratyakSavat / nirarthakatApakSI : aisA Apa nahIM kaha sakate / kAraNa, agara zAstra ke zravaNa se bhI isa prakAra prayojanabodha zakya hai to phira zAstra ke prArambha meM prayojanavAkya kA upanyAsa karane se kyA phAyadA ? prayojanavAkya to vyartha hI sAbita huA / aura isaliye kucha loga jo yaha kahate haiM ki "Adi vAkya kA upanyAsa zAstragata prayojana kI pratijJA kA nirdeza karane vAlA hai" yaha bhI nirAkRta ho jAtA hai, cU~ki vAkya kA prAmANya asiddha hai, ata eva AdivAkya bhI apramANabhUta hone se, usa ke dvArA kisI bhI pratijJA kA nirdeza ho nahIM sktaa| uparokta rIti se jaba prayojanasUcaka AdivAkya svayaM niSprayojana hone se nirAkRta ho gayA to usI prakAra zAstra ke prArambha meM sirpha vacanamAtra se sambandha kA yA abhidheya artha kA pratipAdana karane ke liye upanyAsa kiye gaye vAkya bhI tattadartha ke nizcAyaka na hone ke kAraNa saprayojana siddha na hone se nirAkRta ho jAte haiM, kyoMki unako bhI apramANabhUta siddha karane vAlI yukti yahA~ bhI samAnarUpa se sambaddha hai| sArAza abhidheya aura prayojana ke pratipAdanArtha kahA gayA samayavitthara...ityAdi Apa kA dvitIya gAthAsUtra ayukta siddha hotA hai / [pUrvapakSa samApta uttarapakSa-AdivAkya sArthaka hai* aba yahA~ AdivAkya kI sArthakatA ko siddha karane ke liye nirarthakatAvAdI kI ora se prayukta vAda kA prativAda kiyA jAtA hai| vAdIne jo pahale kahA thA ki zabda yaha koI pratyakSa pramANa yA anumAnapramANa rUpa nahIM hai - yaha to hamAre siddha mata ko hI Apane samarthana kara diyA ki pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM meM se kisI bhI pramANa kA lakSaNa zabdapramANa meM maujUda nahIM hai / yaha jo Apane kahA hai - zabda svayaM koI pramANarUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda kA artha ke sAtha koI pratibandha = sambandha hI nahIM hai / kadAcit vivakSA ke sAtha zabda kA sambandha mAna le, phira bhI vivakSA ke anusAra vizva meM artha kA sadbhAva kabhI nahIM hotA, isa liye zabda kA vivakSA ke dvArA bhI prAmANya nahIM ghaTa sakatA - yaha kathana bhI ni:sAra hai / kAraNa, zabda kA bAhya artha ke sAtha vyavasthita pratibandha maujUda hai yaha Age jarUra siddha kiyA jAne vAlA hai / uparAMta, jisa artha kI vivakSA se zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai usI artha kA zabda se bodha hotA hai aura usI artha meM zrotA kI pravRtti Adi vyavahAra bhI hotA hai, yaha sarvatra dekhA jAtA hai isaliye zabda ko bAhya artha ke bodhakarUpa meM pramANa mAnanA

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zrI sammati-tamrakaraNam na cArthA'vyabhicAritvaprAmANyanizcayavatA tataH prarvatamAnAnAM prekSApUrvakAritAkSatiH / na cAnAptapraNIta sarittaTaparyastaguDazakaTa'vAkyaviziSTatAnavagamAd nAtaH pravRttiH, pratyakSAbhAsAt pratyakSasyevA'nAptapraNItavAkyAdasya viziSTatAvasAyAt, yasya tu na tadviziSTAvasAyo nAsAvataH pravarttate anavadhRtahetvAbhAsavivekAddhetorivA'numeyArthakriyArthI / na cAptAnAM parahitapratibaddhaprayAsAnA pramANabhUtatvAt svavAGmAtreNa pravarttayituM prabhavatA prayojanavAkyopanyAsavaiyarthyam, sunizcitAptapraNItavAkyAdapi pratiniyataprayojanArthinA tadupAyA'nizcaye tatra pravRttyayogAt / na ca prayojanavizeSapratipAdakavAkyamantareNAptapraNItazAstrasyApi tadvizeSapratipAdakatvanizcayaH yena tata eva tadarthinAM tatra pravRttiH syAt, tadanabhimataprayojanapratipAdakAnAmapi teSAM sambhavAt / hI cAhiye, jaise pratyakSa ko mAnA jAtA hai / *Apta-anApta ke vAkyoM meM vizeSatA kA bodha* zabda se pravRtti karane vAle meM buddhipUrvaka kAryakAritva guNa kI kSati kA nirUpaNa bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki jina zabdoM meM arthAvisaMvAditvarUpa prAmANya kA nizcaya ho jAya una zabdoM se preraNA pA kara pravRtti karane vAle prekSAvAn puruSavarga buddhipUrvaka hI pravRtti karate haiM / yadi aisA kaheM ki - "koI anApta vizvAsahIna puruSa nadItaTa para guDapUrNa bailagADA khaDA hai jisa ko cAhe vaha le Ave-aisA bola de to usa ke vAkya se koI guDa lene ke liye dauDane kI pravRtti nahIM karatA hai / ThIka usI taraha Apake abhimata AptapuruSa ke bola meM bhI anApta puruSa bhASita bola se kucha bhI taphAvata mAlUma na par3ane se, usa ke vAkya se bhI kisI kI pravRtti ho nahIM sakegI" - to yaha bhI saca nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa aura pratyakSAbhAsa ina donoM ke taphAvata ko jaise loga jAna lete haiM vaise hI Apta puruSa ke aura anApta puruSa ke vAkyoM meM bhI buddhimAn loga taphAvata jAna le sakate haiM / hA~, itanA saca hai ki jisa vyakti ko taphAvata kA bodha na hogA vaha usa vAkya se pravRtti nahIM karegA, udA.- anumeya artha se sAdhya arthakriyA kA arthI hone para bhI jisa ko hetu meM hetu-AbhAsabhinnatA kA bodha nahIM rahegA usa kI usa anumeya artha meM pravRtti nahIM hogI kyoMki usa ko apanI anumiti kA hetu saddhetu hai yA asat hai usa meM saMdeha hone se anumiti ke prAmANya meM bhI saMdeha rhegaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "Apta puruSa to dUsaroM ke hita karane meM sadA tatpara, prayatnazIla rahate haiM aura ve svata: pramANabhUta hone kA logoM ko vizvAsa bhI rahatA hai, ata: ve to apane vacanamAtra se dUsaroM ko tattat kAryoM meM pravRtti karane kI kSamatA rakhate haiM, aisI sthiti meM prayojana ke sUcaka vAkya kA upanyAsa karanA vyartha haiM / "- to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, Apta puruSa kA vAkya cAhe kitanA bhI sunizcita prAmANyavAlA ho, kintu jisa vyakti ko apanA kucha nyArA hI prayojana hai usa vyakti ko jaba taka 'vaha Aptakathita vAkya svaprayojana kA upAya hai' aisA nizcaya kisI prayojanavAkyAdi se na hove, taba taka kaise vaha apane prayojana ke liye pravRtti karegA ? prayojanavizeSa ke sUcaka vAkya ke binA 'Aptakathita zAstra apane iSTa prayojanavizeSa kA vyutpAdaka hai,' aisA nizcaya hI nahIM ho sakatA to phira usa zAstra se usa prayojana ke arthIyoM kI usa prayojana ke liye pravRtti hone kI saMbhAvanA hI kahA~ rahI ? zAstroM to aneka hai una meM kucha aise bhI ho sakate haiM jinameM apane iSTa prayojana kA vyutpAdana na bhI kiyA gayA ho / hara koI zAstra apane iSTa prayojana kA hI vyutpAdaka ho aisA koI niyama nahIM hai|

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 ata: - yatra khalvAptaH 'idaM karttavyam' iti puruSAH pratItatadAptabhAvAH niyujyante tatrAvadhIritatatpreraNA'tathAbhAvaviSayavicArAstadabhihitavAkyameva bahu manyamAnA anAdRtaprayojanapariprabhA eva pravarttante, vinizcitatadAptabhAvAnAM pratyavasthAnA'saMbhavAt - iti nirastam, AptapravartitapratiniyataprayojanArthijanapreraNAvAkyasyaiva prayojanavAkyatvanizcayAt anyathA'bhimataphalArthijanaprerakavAkyasyAptaprayuktatvamevA'nizcitaM syAt anabhimatArthaprerakasyAvagatAptavAkyatve cAtiprasaMgaH, na cAptavAkyAdapi pratiniyataprayojanArthinastadavagame tatra pravartitumutsahante, atiprasaMgAdeveti suprasiddham / arthasaMzayotpAdakatvena cAdivAkyasya pravartakatvapratikSepe siddhatAsAdhanam, vyApakAnupalabdhestvasiddhatodbhA *vAkya ke binA prayojananizcaya azakya* Aptaracita zAstra meM bhI prayojanavizeSapratipAdakatva kA nizcaya prayojanavizeSapratipAdakavAkya ke vinA zakya nahIM haiM - isIliye kisI ne jo yaha kahA hai ki "jina logoM ko yaha pratIti ho jAtI hai ki 'ye Apta haiM' - una logoM ko jaba AptapuruSoM ke dvArA aisI preraNA kI jAtI hai ki 'yaha karane jaisA hai' - usa vakta ve loga yaha vicAra karane nahIM baiThate ki 'Apta kI yaha preraNA yathArthaviSayaka haiM yA nahIM ?' ve loga to Aptakathita vAkya ko hI bahumAnapAtra mAna kara 'prayojana kyA ?' aise praznoM kI jhaMjhaTa meM paDe binA pravRtta ho jAte haiN| kAraNa, AptapuruSa meM AptatA kA nizcaya rahane para koI 'nanu na ca' kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI / " - aisA jo kahA hai yaha bhI aba nirasta ho jAtA hai / kAraNa, yahA~ bhI prayojana vAkya ke binA hI pravRtti hone kA mAnanA galatI hai / hama jisa prakAra ke niyata prayojana ke arthI haiM usI prayojana ke liye hI AptapuruSa hameM preraNA karate haiM aisA dRDha vizvAsa hone para hI prayojanArthI loga Apta ke preraNAvAkya ko suna kara pravRtta hote haiM, ata: una logoM ko usa preraNAvAkya meM hI prayojanavAkyatva kA nizcaya hone se pravRtti hotI hai vaha mAnanA hogA / agara aisA nahIM mAneMge to 'iSTa prayojana ke arthI logoM ko preraNA karane vAlA vAkya Aptakathita hai' aisA nizcaya hI hama nahIM kara pAyeMge / tathA, zrotAoM ko preraNA dene vAlA Apta vAkya 'unake avAMchita prayojana ke liye preraNA karane vAlA bhI ho sakatA hai' aisA yadi mAneMge to atiprasaMga kA saMbhava hai| atiprasaMga yaha hai ki avAMchita prayojana ke liye bhI zrotAvarga kI pravRtti usa prakAra se hotI rahegI - aura una kI buddhimattA kSINa ho jAyegI / yaha to spaSTa hai ki amuka prakAra ke hI prayojana ko cAhane vAle ko AptavAkya se kadAcit anabhimata prayojana kA bodha ho jAya to bhI usa ke liye unako pravRtti karane kA dila nahIM hotA cU~ki anabhimata prayojana ke liye Apta kI preraNA se pravRtti mAnane para 'buddhimAnoM kI pravRtti iSTa prayojana ke liye hI hotI hai' isa satya kA bhaMga ho jaayegaa| niHprayojanatvahetuasiddhatA kA udbhAvana yathArtha pUrvapakSIne jo kahA thA ki - 'Adi vAkya artha ke saMzaya ko utpanna karane dvArA pravartaka haiM, aisA nahIM mAna sakate' - isa bAta ko hama bhI mAnate haiM, isa liye yaha to hamAre liye siddha kA hI sAdhana huA / hama AdivAkya ko arthasaMzaya ke utpAdaka nahIM kintu arthanizcaya kA hI utpAdaka mAnate haiM / pUrvapakSI kI ora se - yaha prakaraNa Arambha karane jaisA nahIM hai kyoMki niSprayojana hai jaise kAkadanta parIkSA - aisA vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa anumAna prastuta kiye jAne para usa meM niSprayojanaMtva hetu kI asiddhatA ko pradarzita karane ke liye AdivAkya

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14 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vanamAdivAkyAnizcitabAhyArthaprAmANyAd yuktameva, yathA ca tatra tasyA(?sya) prAmANyaM tathA pratipAdayiSyAmaH / ata eva "AptA'bhihitatvA'siddheravisaMvAdakatvA'yogAdapramANatvA'bhAvanizcayanimittAbhAvAdapravatakatvaM prayojanavAkyasya prekSApUrvakAriNaH prati" [ ] iti yaducyate tadapi prativyUDhaM dRSTavyam / etenaiva sambandhAbhidhAnasyApi sArthakatvaM pratipAditam / tat sthitamabhidheyaprayojanapratipAdakatvaM samudAyArthaH 'samaya0' ityAdigAthAsUtrasya / ___ atra ca 'AgamamalArahRdaya' ityanuvAdena 'samayaparamArthavistaravihATajanaparyupAsanasako yathA bhavati tamarthamunneSye' iti vidhiparA padaghaTanA krttvyaa| padArthastu malamiva ArA-prAjanakavibhAgo yasyAsau malAro gaurgalI, Agame tadvat kuNThaM hRdayaM yasya tadarthapratipattyasAmarthyAt - asau tathA = mandadhIH, samyagIyante paricchidyante'nenArthA iti samaya AgamaH, tasya paramo'kalpitadhAsAvarthaH samayaparamArthaH, tasya vistaro = racanAvizeSaH - zabdArthayozca bhede'pi kA upanyAsa yuktiyukta hI hai| - pUrvapakSIne jo usa kA - 'vAkya apramANa hai'.....ityAdi kaha kara khaMDana kiyA hai vaha ThIka nahIM haiM kyoMki bAhyArtha ke viSaya meM vAkya kA prAmANya sunizcita hai| kisa taraha vAkya kA prAmANya sunizcita hai yaha hama Age dikhAyeMge / uparokta rIti se jaba AdivAkya kI sArthakatA siddha hai taba yaha jo kahA jAtA hai ki - "prayojanavAkya meM Aptakathitatva siddha nahIM hai, avisaMvAditA kA yoga nahIM hai, aprAmANya ke abhAva kA nizcAyaka koI nimitta nahIM hai, isa liye buddhipUrvaka kArya karane vAloM ke prati prayojanavAkya pravartaka nahIM ho sakatA" - yaha saba nirasta ho jAtA hai aisA jAna lIjiye / evaM, prayojanavAkya kI sArthakatA ke pratipAdana se sambandha aura abhidheya sUcaka vAkya kI sArthakatA kA bhI pratipAdana ho jAtA hai, usa ke liye alaga prayatna karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jaatii| sArAMza, samayaparamattha.....ityAdi dUsare gAthAsUtra kA samudita artha abhidheya aura prayojana kA pratipAdana hai yaha nirbAdha siddha hotA hai / isa dUsarI gAthA ke padoM kA anvaya vidhiparaka karanA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai - 'AgamamalArahRdaya' yaha itanA aMza uddezya rUpa hai, usa kA anuvAda kara ke 'jisa rIti se vaha samayaparamArtha vistaravihATajana kI paryupAsanAmeM sakarNa ho aise arthoM kA pratipAdana maiM karU~gA' aisA vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ 'unneSye' isa artha meM mUlagranthakArane jo 'unessaM' ke badale 'unesu' padaprayoga kiyA hai vaha 'ArSa' hone se suyogya hai / dvitIyagAthA kA padArtha ___ uddezya-vidheyavAkya meM prayukta padoM kA artha isa prakAra hai - malAra yAnI jisa ke liye ArA yAnI ghocaparoNA karane kA sAdhana vizeSa [jisa ko prAjanaka kahate haiM] mala yAnI zithila hai athavA durbala rahatA hai aisA galI baila / Agamakathita arthoM ko grahaNa karane meM asamartha hone se jisa kA hRdaya Agama ke viSaya meM usa 'malAra' ke jaise kuNTha yAnI jaDatAdhIna rahatA hai usa kuNThabuddhi adhyetA kA yahA~ 'AgamamalArahRdaya' zabda se nirdeza kiyA hai / 'samaya' yAnI samyag prakAra se arthoM kA jisase bodha ho aisA AgamazAstra / parama yAnI akalpita aisA jo artha vaha paramArtha / samaya kA paramArtha isa artha meM samAsa haiM samayaparamArtha / usa kA vistara yAnI racanAvizeSa [arthAt usa paramArtha kI paddhati] yahA~ vi-upasargavAle stR dhAtu ko 'prathane vAva zabde' (3-3-33) isa pANinisUtra

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pAramArthikasambandhapratipAdanAyA'bhedavivakSayA "prathane vAvazabde" [pANi0 3-3-33] iti paJ na kRtaH - tasya vihATaH iti dIpyamAnAn = zrotubuddhau prakAzamAnAnAn dIpayati = prakAzayatIti vihATazcAsau janazca = caturdazapUrva vidAdilokaH tasya paryupAsanam - kAraNe kAryopacArAt - sevAjanitatadvyAkhyAnaM tatra saha karNAbhyAM vartate iti sakarNaH = tadvyAkhyAtArthAvadhAraNasamarthaH yathA iti yena prakAreNa bhavati taM tathAbhUtamarthamunneSye = lezataH pratipAdayiSye / ___ yathAbhUtenArthena pratipAditenAtikuNThadhIrapi zrotRjano viziSTAgamavyAkhyAtRpratipAditArthAvadhAraNapaTuH sampayate tamarthamanena prakaraNena pratipAdayiSyAmIti yAvat / [zabda-artha-tatsambandhamImAMsA-pUrvapakSaH ] nanu ca 'samayaparamArthavistara' ityanenAgamasyA'kalpito bAhyArthaH pratipAdyatvena, zabdArthayozca vAstavaH se yadi ghaJ pratyaya kiyA jAtA to vistAra zabda banatA, kintu vaha pratyaya yahA~ nahIM kiyA hai / ghaJ pratyaya zabdabhinna padArthoM kI vistIrNatA sUcita karane ke liye kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ bhI arthoM ke vistara kI bAta hai, zabdoM ke nahIM, isaliye paJ karanA nyAyayukta thA, phira bhI ghaJ pratyaya nahIM kiyA, isa kA kAraNa, yaha sUcita karanA hai ki yadyapi zabda aura artha meM kucha bheda avazya hai, bheda hone para bhI una donoM kA sambandha vAstavika hai kAlpanika nahIM / isa bAta kI sUcanA dene ke liye granthakAra ne zabda aura artha ke abheda kI vivakSA kI hai| isa vivakSA ke anusAra artha bhI zabdarUpa hue ata: ghaJ pratyaya nahIM kiyA hai / 'vihATa' kA artha hai zrotA kI buddhi meM dIpyamAna yAnI sphurAyamANa arthoM ko prakAzita karane vAlA / haima-dhAtupArAyaNa meM haT dhAtu kA dIpti- artha kahA hai / ] aisA 'jana' yAnI caudapUrvavettA Adi baDe vidvAna loga, una kI paryupAsanA yAnI sevA; kintu yahA~ kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra hai isaliye sevA dvArA labdha honevAlA Agama kA vyAkhyAna - aisA artha hai / usa vyAkhyAna se vyAkhyAta artha kA avadhAraNa karane meM jo samartha ho usa puruSa ko sakarNa kaha sakate haiM kyoMki vAstava meM vahI do kAna vAlA hai / 'yathA' kA artha hai jisa rIti se / uneSye yAnI kucha aMza meM pratipAdana kruNgaa| ___ isa prakAra padoM ke arthoM se nimnalikhita vAkyArtha phalita hotA hai - "jisa prakAra ke artha kA pratipAdana karane se, atyanta manda buddhivAlA zrotAvarga bhI viziSTa prakAra ke Agama ke vyAkhyAtAoM ke dvArA kahe jAne vAle arthoM ko samajhane meM sakSama ho, aise artha kA maiM isa prakaraNa se pratipAdana kruNgaa|" apoha hI zabdArtha hai-bauddha pUrvapakSa apoha ko hI zabdArtha mAnane vAle bauddhavAdI yahA~ vistAra se UhApohasahita apanA abhiprAya pragaTa karate hue kahate haiM - samayaparamArthavistara..... ityAdi sUtra se Apane yaha nirdeza kiyA ki AgamapratipAdya bAhya artha akalpita hai aura zabda ke sAtha artha kA koI vAstava saMbandha, bhI hai - kintu ye donoM bAta pramANabAdhita hone se galata hai / pramANabAdha isa prakAra hai - zabda se vAcya koI pAramArthika vastusvarUpa hai hI nahIM / samucI zAbdika pratIti

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16 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sambandho nirdiSTaH, dvitayamapyetadayuktam, pramANabAdhitatvAt iti bauddhAH / tathAhi-zabdAnAM na paramArthataH kiMcid vAcyaM vastusvarUpamasti / sarva eva hi zAbdapratyayo bhrAntaH bhinneSvarthepvabhedAkArAdhyavasAyena prvRtteH| yatra tu pAramparyeNa vastupratibandhastatrArthasaMvAdo bhrAntatve'pi / tatra yat tadAropitaM vikalpabuddhyA'rtheSvabhinna rUpaM tad anyavyAvRttapadArthAnubhavabalA''yAtatvAt svayaM cAnyavyAvRtattayA pratibhAsanAt bhrAntaivAnyavyAvRttArthena sahaikyenA'dhyavasitatvAd anyApoDhapadArthAdhigatiphalatvAcca anyApoha ityucyate, ataH 'apohaH zabdArthaH' iti prasiddham / *atra vidhivAdinaH prerayanti - yadi bhavatAM dravya-guNa-karma-sAmAnyAdilakSaNAni vizeSaNAni zabdapravRttinimittAni paramArthato na santi, kathaM loke 'daNDI' ityAdyabhidhAnapratyayAH pravarttante dravyAdhupAdhinimittAH ? tathAhi- "daNDI' 'viSANI' ityAdidhIdhvanI loke dravyopAdhiko prasiddhau, 'zuklaH' 'kRSNaH' iti guNopAdhikau, calati' 'bhramati' iti karmanimittau, "asti', 'vidyate' iti sattAnimittakau, 'gauH azvaH' iti sAmAnya-vizeSopAdhI, "iha tantuSu paTaH' iti samavAyanimittaH (nau) / tatraiSAM dravyAdInAmabhAve 'daNDI' ityAdipratyaya-zabdau nirviSayau syAtAm / na cA'nimittAvetau yuktau, sarvatra tayoravizeSeNa bhramAtmaka hai kyoMki padArtha apane Apa bhinna bhinna hote huye bhI una meM abhedAkAra adhyavasAya se zabdoM kI pravRtti hotI hai / yadyapi vaha bhramAtmaka hai phira bhI usa kA artha ke sAtha saMvAda dIkhatA hai, usa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki paramparayA vaha pratIti vastu ke sAtha sambandha rakhatI hai / aba vahA~ usa kAla meM vikalpabuddhi se arthoM meM jisa abhinarUpa kA (abhedAkAra kA) Aropa hotA hai vahI 'anyApoha' kahA jAtA hai / anya kA anya se apoha yAnI vyAvarttana - yahI anyApoha hai / use 'anyApoha' isa liye kahate haiM ki 1. vaha anyavyAvRtta yAnI bhinna padArthoM ke anubhava ke bala para hI vahA~ Aropita kiyA jAtA hai, 2. apane Apa bhI vaha anya se vyAvRtta rUpa meM hI vyAvRttapadArthoM ke sAtha ekarUpa se adhyavasita hotA hai, tathA usa ke dvArA phalarUpa meM anyApoDha yAnI anyavyAvRta arthoM kI pratIti hotI hai / zabdoM se isa DhaMga ke anyApoha kI pratIti hone se hI yaha prasiddhi bana gaI hai ki 'apoha hI zabdArtha hai' [jo ki tuccha evaM kAlpanika hai yaha uttarapakSa meM batAyA jAyegA / ] 'daNDI' ityAdi zAbdapratIti sanimitta* vidhisvarUpa yAnI dravyAdirUpa zabdArtha mAnane vAle yahA~ kahate haiM- jaba Apake mata meM zabda kI pravRtti ke nimittabhUta koI dravya, guNa, kriyA, jAti Adi svarUpa upAdhiyA~ pAramArthika nahIM haiM, to logoM meM dravyAdirUpa upAdhi ke nimitta se jo 'daNDI' (daNDavAlA) ityAdi zabdavyavahAra aura pratItiyA~ hotI hai yaha kaise ghaTegA ? dekhiye - (1) "yaha daNDavAlA hai - yaha zIMgavAlA hai" ityAdi buddhi aura zabdavyavahAra daNDAdidravyAtmaka upAdhimUlaka hote haiM - yaha lokaprasiddha hai| isI taraha 'zukla -kRSNa' ityAdi buddhi aura vyavahAra zuklAdiguNamUlaka hote haiM / "calatA hai, ghumatA hai" ityAdi calanAdikriyAmUlaka hote haiM / 'asti = hai' 'vidyate= vidyamAna hai' ityAdi sattAmUlaka hote haiM / 'gAya-ghoDA' ityAdi gotvAdi sAmAnya-vizeSa svarUpa upAdhimUlaka hote haiM / (zAbaleyatvAdi kI apekSA sAmAnyarUpa aura sattAdi mahAsAmAnya kI apekSA vizeSarUpa hone se gotvAdi jAti sAmAnyavizeSa ubhayarUpa hai / ) "yahA~ tantuoM meM vastra" ityAdi buddhi aura vyavahAra samavAyamUlaka hote haiM / yadi ye daNDAdidravya * idamapohaprakaraNaM tattvasaMgraha- paMjikAyAm kA0 867 ta: kA0 1212 dRSTavyam /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pravRttiprasaGgAt / na cA'vibhAgena tayoH pravRttirasti, tasmAt santi dravyAdayaH pAramArthikAH prastutapratyaya-zabdaviSayAH / pramANayanti cAtra - ye parasparA'saMkIrNapravRttayaste sanimittAH yathA zrotrAdipratyayAH asaMkIrNapravRttayatra 'daNDI' ityAdizabdapratyayAH - iti svabhAvahetuH / animittatve sarvatrA'vizeSeNa pravRttiprasaGgo bAdhakaM pramANam / [ apohavAde zabdapratItinimittam ] atra yadi pAramArthikabAhyaviSayabhUtena nimittena sani(sani)mittatvameSAM sAdhayitumiSTaM tadAnaikAntikatA hetoH, sAdhyaviparyaye bAdhakapramANAbhAvAt / atha yena kenacinimittena sanimitattvamipyate tadA siddhasAdhyatA / tathAhi-asmAbhirapISyate evaiSAmanta lpavAsanAprabodho nimittaM na tu viSayabhUtam, bhrAntaAdi apAramArthika hoMge to 'daNDI' ityAdi buddhi aura zabdavyavahAra nirviSaya ho jAne kI Apatti hogii| yadi ina saba ko vinA nimitta hI pravartamAna mAna legeM to sadA ke liye sabhI padArthoM meM vinA kisI bhedabhAva se ina saba kI pravRtti prasakta hogI / 'vinA kisI bhedabhAva se hI buddhi aura vyavahAra hote haiN| aisA hai nahIM / isaliye ina buddhi aura vyavahAra ke mUlanimittabhUta dravyAdi padArtha pAramArthika hai - yaha bAta mAna lenI cAhiye / vidhivAdI yahA~ anumAnarUpa pramANa bhI dikhalAte haiM - eka dUsare meM asaMkIrNa pravRttivAle jo buddhi-vyavahAra hote haiM ve pAramArthika nimittamUlaka hote haiM jaise zrotrAdijanitabuddhi / 'daNDavAlA' ityAdi buddhi aura zabdavyavahAra bhI asaMkIrNapravRtti vAle hI haiM - isa svabhAva hetu se una meM dravyAdimUlakatva kI siddhi hotI hai / yadi ina buddhi aura vyavahAroM ko nirnimitta pravarttamAna mAneMge to vinA kisI pakSapAta se sarvatra una kI pravRtti kA atiprasaMga - yahI dravyAdi ko apAramArthika mAnane meM bAdhaka pramANa hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki - daNDavAle puruSa ke viSaya meM 'daNDI' aisI buddhi aura zabdavyavahAra hotA hai kintu zuklAdi buddhi aura zabdavyavahAra nahIM hote / zvetarUpavAle azva ke liye 'zukla' ityAdi buddhi aura vyavahAra hote haiM kintu 'daNDI' ityAdi nahIM hote / yahI pravRtti kI asaMkIrNatA hai / aisI asaMkIrNapravRtti se una buddhi aura vyavahAroM meM pAramArthikanimittamUlakatA siddha hotI hai / yadi koI pAramArthikanimitta nahIM mAneMge to svacchandarUpa se daNDI ke liye 'zukla' aura 'zukla' ke liye 'daNDI' aisI buddhi aura vyavahAroM kI saMkIrNapravRtti hone kI Apatti hogii| apohavAda meM zabdapratIti kA nimitta isa vidhivAda ke sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai - isa anumAna meM jo sanimittatA sAdhya hai vaha yadi pAramArthikabAhyaviSayabhUta nimittatA kI siddhi ke abhiprAya se siddha karanA iSTa ho to hetu meM sAdhyadroha doSa hai| kAraNa, jahA~ sAdhya kA abhAva hai vaise bhrAnta sthaloM meM bhI asaMkIrNabuddhi-vyavahAra to hote hI haiM / jaise rajatatva rUpa bAhyapAramArthika viSayarUpa nimitta na hone para bhI zukti meM rajata kI bhramabuddhi aura bhrAntavyavahAra hotA hai / ata: nimitta ke vinA bhI buddhi aura vyavahAra kI pravRtti hone meM koI bAdhaka pramANa alabhya hai / agara kisI bhI prakAra ke (yAnI apAramArthika) nimitta ke abhiprAya se 'sanimittatA' kI siddhi karanA ho to vaisA sAdhya hamAre mata meM bhI siddha hone se siddhasAdhyatA doSa lgegaa| dekhiye-hama bhI 'daNDI' ityAdi buddhi aura vyavahAroM ke prati antarjalpAkAra tathAvidha vAsanA ke prabodha ko nimittarUpa meM mAnate haiM / pAramArthika

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18 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tvena sarvasya zabdapratyayasya nirviSayatvAt / taduktam - [ ] yena yena hi nAmnA vai yo yo dharmo'bhilapyate / na sa saMvidyate tatra dharmANAM sA hi dharmatA ||iti|| (draSTavyaM ta0 saM0 paMjikAyAM 870 kArikAyAm) na ca zAbdapratyayasya bhrAntatvA'viSayatvayoH kiM pramANamiti vaktavyam, bhinneSvabhedAdhyavasAyena pravartamAnasya pratyayasya bhrAntatvAt / tathAhi - yaH 'atasmiMstat' iti pratyayaH sa bhrAntaH yathA maricikAyAM jalapratyayaH tathA cAyaM bhinneSyartheSvabhedAdhyavasAyI zAbdaH pratyayaH iti svabhAvahetuH / na ca sAmAnyaM vastubhUtaM grAhyamasti yenA'siddhatA'sya hetoH syAt, tasya niSiddhatvAt / bhavatu vA sAmAnyam tathApi tasya bhedebhyo'rthAntaratve bhinneSvabhedAdhyavasAyo bhrAntireva, na hyanyenAnye samAnA yuktAstadvanto nAma syuH / anantaratve'pi sAmAnyasya sarvameva vizvamekaM vastu paramArthata iti tatra sAmAnyapratyayo bhrAntireva, na caikavastuviSayaH samAnapratyayaH, bhedagrahaNapurassaratvAt tasya / bhrAntatve ca siddhe nirviSayatvamapi siddham, bAhyasvarUpa kisI viSaya ko nimittarUpa meM nahIM mAnate haiM, kyoMki hamAre mata se zabdajanya saba pratItiyA~ bhrAnta hone se nirviSaya hI hotI hai / jaise ki kahA hai - jisa jisa nAma se jisa jisa dharma kA abhilApa kiyA jAtA hai, kabhI bhI usa nAma se usa dharma kA saMvedana nahIM hotA, cUMki dharmoM kA yaha svabhAva hI hai [ki vacanamAtra ko agocara rahanA] / *zabdapratIti bhrAnta hone meM pramANa 'zabdajanya pratIti bhrAnta evaM nirviSaya hai- isa bAta meM kyA pramANa hai' - aisA prazna nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki prasiddha hI hai ki bhinna yAnI bhedavAle padArthoM meM abheda ke adhyavasAya se hone vAlI pratIti bhrAnta hI hotI hai| dekhiye - vastu kA jaisA svarUpa na ho aise svarUpa kA usa vastu meM bhAna honA yahI bhrama hai| udA0 tapta bhUmisthala meM sUryarazmi ke jalasvarUpa na hone para bhI vahA~ jala kA AbhAsa hotA hai vaha bhrama hai / isI taraha bhinna bhinna arthoM meM bheda kA bhAna na ho kara abheda kA adhyavasAya zabdajanya buddhi meM hotA hai / isa prakAra atatpadArtha meM tatpadArthabuddhirUpa svabhAvahetu se yaha zabdajanya buddhi bhrAnta siddha hotI hai| agara bhinna bhinna padArthoM meM koI vAstavika abhedatattva sAmAnya gRhIta hotA taba to usa ke grAhaka adhyavasAya 'atatsvarUpa vastu meM tatsvarUpa kA grAhaka' na hone se hetu asiddha ho jAtA / kiMtu sAmAnya koI vastubhUta padArtha hI nahIM hai, pahale khaMDa meM hI usa kA pratiSedha (pR.452) ho cukA hai| isaliye hetu asiddha hone kA saMbhava bhI nahIM hai / kadAcit sAmAnya ko sadbhUta mAna liyA jAya to bhI vikalpadvaya meM vaha anuttIrNa rahegA | A agara vaha bhedoM se yAnI bhinnavastuoM se sarvathA pRthak hogA to bhinna vastuoM meM yAnI abheda(sAmAnya)zUnya vastuoM meM usa kI pratIti bhramAtmaka hI hogI / sAmAnya to bhedoM se bhinna tattva hai ata: usa se bhedoM meM samAnatA kA honA saMbhava nahIM. phira ve bheda sAmAnyavAle = abhedavAle ho nahIM sakate / B agara sAmAnya ko mAnA jAya to isa vikalpa meM sAre vizva ke padArtha pAramArthikarUpa se abhinna - ekarUpa ho jAne se una meM sAmAnyasparzI pratIti bhrAntarUpa hI hogI kAraNa, vastu jaba taka eka hI hai to vahA~ samAnatA kI pratIti (abhrAntarUpa meM) sambhava hI nahIM hai kyoMki pahale vastuoM meM bheda gRhIta ho, bAda meM hI unameM samAnatA kI pratIti ho sakatI hai / jaba isa prakAra donoM vikalpa se sAmAnyagrAhI buddhi bhrAntirUpa siddha hotI hai to usa meM nirviSayatva bhI anAyAsa siddha hotA hai, kyoMki vahA~ koI samAnAkAra buddhijanaka sAmAnyarUpa artha hai hI nahIM jo apane AkAra kA buddhi meM AdhAna karane dvArA usa buddhi kA AlambanabhUta ho / abhinna

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 svAkArArpaNena janakasya kasyacidarthasyAlambanalakSaNasya prAptasyAbhAvAt / __ anyathA vA nirviSayatvam / tathAhi - yatraiva kRtasamayA dhvanayaH sa eva teSAmartho yukto nAnyaH atiprasaMgAt, na ca kvacidvastunyeSAM paramArthataH samayaH sambhavatIti nirviSayA dhvanayaH / prayogaH - "ye yatra bhAvataH kRtasamayA na bhavanti na te paramArthatastamabhidadhati, yathA sAsnAdimati piNDe'zvazabdo'kRtasamayaH, na bhavanti ca bhAvataH kRtasamayAH sarvasmin vastuni sarve dhvanayaH" iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH, kRtasamayatvenAbhidhAyakatvasya vyAptatvAt tasya cehAbhAvaH / na cA'yamasiddho hetuH / tathAhi - gRhItasamayaM vastu zabdArthatvena vyavasthApyamAnaM svalakSaNaM vA vyavasthApyeta, bjAtirvA, tadyogo vA, jAtimAn vA padArthaH, 'buddhervA AkAra iti vikalpaH / sarveSvapi samayA'sambhavAna yuktaM zabdArthatvaM tattvataH / sAMvRtasya tu zabdArthatvasya na niSedha iti na svavacanavirodhaH pratijJAyAH / evaM hyasau syAt - svalakSaNAdInupadarzayatA zabdArthatvameSAmabhyupeyaM syAt punazca tadeva pratijJayA pratiSiddhamiti svavacanavyAghAtaH, na cA'sAvabhyupagamyata iti / etena yaduktamuddyotakareNa "avAcakatve za * zabdapratIti kI nirviSayatA athavA dUsare DhaMga se zabdoM kI nirviSayatA isa prakAra hai - agara vinA saMketa hI koI bhI zabda se kisI bhI artha kA bodha mAnA jAya to phira jo pratiniyata artha ke bodha ke liye jo pratiniyata zabdavyavahAra calatA hai vaha tUTa paDegA, isa atiprasaMga ke bhaya se Apa mAnate haiM ki jisa artha meM jina zabdoM ko saMketita kiye gaye ho una zabdoM se vahI artha bodhita hotA hai| kintu bAta yaha hai ki kSaNikatA ke kAraNa kisI bhI vastu meM paramArtharUpa meM zabdoM kA saMketa sambhava hI nahIM hai / isIliye hama kahate haiM ki zabdamAtra nirviSayaka hote haiN| anumAnaprayoga aisA hai - jo jahA~ pAramArthikarUpa se saMketita kiye gaye nahIM hote ve vAstava meM una kA abhidhAna nahIM kara sakate / udA0 galagodaDI Adi avayavavAle gopiNDa meM 'azva' zabda pAramArthikarUpa meM saMketita nahIM hone se, azva zabda gopiNDa kA abhidhAna(bodhana) nahIM kara sakatA / isI taraha pratyeka zabda paramArthataH kisI bhI vastu ke liye saMketita nahIM hai ata: una se kisI bhI artha kA abhidhAna zakya nahIM hai / yaha vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa hetu hai, abhidhAyakatva (bodhakatva) kA vyApaka saMketitatva hai aura vastumAtra meM usa kI anupalabdhi yaha hetu hai / vyApaka jahA~ nahIM hotA vahA~ vyApya nahIM raha sktaa| svalakSaNAdi meM zabdasaMketa kI samIkSA 'paramArtharUpa se kisI bhI vastu meM saMketita na honA' yaha akRtasamayatva hetu zabdAtmaka pakSameM asiddha nahIM hai| yadi Apa zabda ko saMketita mAnate haiM to kisa vastu meM saMketita mAnate haiM ! tAtparya, jisa vastu meM zabda kA saMketa gRhIta ho usa vastu ko Apa zabdArtha mAnanA cAhate haiM to vaha zabdArtharUpa se kaunasI vastu abhipreta hai ? kyA svalakSaNa zabdArtharUpa se mAnya hai ? bjAti, jAti kA saMbandha athavA jAtimAn padArtha yA buddhigata AkAra zabdArtharUpa se mAnya hai ? ina meM se kisI meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai isaliye inameM se kisI bhI eka meM vAstava meM zabdArthatva kA sambhava nahIM hai / hA~, svalakSaNAdi meM kAlpanika zabdArthatva mAnanA ho to hama usa kA niSedha nahIM kareMge / kAlpanika zabdArthatva ko hama bhI mAnate haiM, isIliye hamAre pratijJA vacana meM koI virodha nahIM hai, anyathA Apa isa prakAra virodha dikhA sakate - "svalakSaNAdizabda se

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20 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ndAnAM pratijJA-hetvoAghAtaH [nyA. vA0 2 sU0 67 -pR. 327 paM0 6-7] iti tadapi pratyuktaM bhavati, na hi sarvathA zabdArthApavAdo'smAbhiH kriyate AbAlagopAlebhyo'pi pratItatvAt tasya - kintu tAttvikatvaM dharmaH parairyastatrAropyate tasyaiva niSedho na tu dharmiNaH / [1 - svalakSaNe saMketA'sambhavaH ] tatra svalakSaNe na tAvat samayaH saMbhavati zabdasya / samayo hi vyavahArArtha kriyate na vyasanitayA, tena yasyaiva saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvamasti tatraiva sa vyavahartRNAM yukto nAnyatra / na ca svalakSaNasya saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvamasti / tasmAna tatra samayaH / saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvamazAvaleyAdivyaktInAM dezAdibhedena parasparato'tyantavyAvRttatayA'nanvayAt tatraikatra kRtasamayasya puMso'nyairvyavahAro na syAditi tatra samayAbhAvA'siddhatA hetoH / na cApyanaikAntikatvam vyAptisiddheH / tathAhi - yadyagRhItasaMketamartha zabdaH pratipAdayet tadA gozabdo'zvaM pratipAdayet saMketakaraNAnarthakyaM ca syAt, tasmAdatiprasaMgApattirbAdhakaM Apa jisa kA pratipAdana karate haiM usameM zabdArthatva ko mAnanA hogA anyathA svalakSaNAdizabda se usakA pratipAdana zakya na hogA / isa prakAra zabdArthatva ko mAnane para bhI Apa pratijJAvacana ke dvArA usa kA niSedha kara rahe dhakAraka pratijJAvacana svalakSaNAdi ke pratipAdana se hI vyAhata ho jAyegA" - kintu aisA virodha hameM asvIkArya hai kyoMki hama kAlpanika zabdArthatva ko mAnate haiN| uparokta carcA se, udyotakara kA yaha kathana bhI nirasta ho jAtA hai ki - "zabdoM ko vAcaka na mAnegeM to pratijJAzabda aura hetuzabda kA vyAghAta hogA" - yaha isa liye nirasta ho jAtA hai ki hama arthoM meM zabdavAcyatA kA sarvathA apalApa nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki bAlaka se gvAle taka logoM ko zabda dvArA arthoM kI pratIti hotI hai, kintu hama yaha kahate haiM ki anya loga jo zabdArthatva meM tAttvikatA dharma kA AropaNa karate haiM- usI kA hama niSedha karate haiM, dharmirUpa zabdArthatA kA niSedha nahIM karate kyoMki vaha kAlpanika bhI ho sakatA hai| *svalakSaNa meM saMketa kA asambhava pAramArthika vastu meM saMketa asaMbhava hai isakA aura spaSTIkaraNa karate hue bauddha kahatA hai - svalakSaNarUpa satya vastu meM zabda kA saMketa asaMbhava hai / saMketa koI zaukha se nahIM kiyA jAtA kintu vyavahAra ke liye kiyA jAtA hai / isaliye vyavahAra kartAoM ke dvArA usI vastu meM saMketa kiyA jAnA ucita hai jo vastu saMketakAla se vyavahArakAlaparyanta jIvita rahe / svalakSaNa to kSaNamAtrajIvI vastu hai, saMketakAla se vyavahArakAlaparyanta vaha sthAyI nahIM hai, isaliye usa meM saMketa azakya hai / zAbaleya [vividharaMgI gau] Adi vyaktiyA~ aneka haiM aura deza-kAlAdi bheda se bhinna bhinna haiM, paraspara eka-dUsare se atyanta bhinna bhinna una meM koI sambandha hI nahIM hai, isaliye saMketakAla se vyavahArakAlaparyanta sthAyI koI nahIM hai, ata eva manuSya kisI eka vyakti meM saMketa karegA, to anya vyaktiyA~ saMketahIna raha jAne se una vyaktiyoM ke dvArA koI bhI vyavahAra nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki una meM saMketa nahIM kiyA gayA hai / tAtparya, svalakSaNa meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai isaliye 'tadarthabhidhAyakatvAbhAva' sAdhya kI siddhi ke liye jo 'akRtasamayatva' hetu kahA hai vaha asiddha nahIM hai| ___ sAdhyadrohI bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki vyApti prasiddha hai / dekhiye - zabda agara aise artha kA pratipAdana karegA jisameM usakA saMketa gRhIta hI nahIM hai, to azva meM jisa pada kA saMketa gRhIta hI nahIM hai aise go-pada se bhI azva kA pratipAdana zakya bana jAyegA, phira saMketa karane kI jarUra bhI kyA hogI ? saMketa nirarthaka raha

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0-2 pramANamiti kathaM na vyAptisiddhiH ? [ ayameva vA 'akRtasamayatvAt' iti heturAcAryadignAgena 'na jAtizabdo bhedAnAM vAcakaH AnantyAt" ] ityanena nirdiSTaH / tathAhi - 'AnantyAt' ityanena samayA'saMbhava eva darzitaH / tena yaduktamuddyotakareNa "yadi zabdAn pakSayasi tadA 'AnantyAt' ityasya vastudharmatvAd vyadhikaraNo hetuH, atha bhedA eva pakSIkriyante tadA nAnvayI na vyatirekI dRSTAnto'stItyaheturAnantyam" [nyAyavA0 2-2-68 pR0 323] iti tat pratyuktam / yat punaH sa evAha "yasya nirvizeSaNA bhedAH zabdairabhidhIyante tasyA'yaM doSaH asmAkaM tu sattAvizeSaNAni dravyaguNa-karmANyabhidhIyante / tathAhi yatra yatra sattAdikaM sAmAnyaM pazyati tatra tatra sadAdizabdaM prayuGkte, ekameva ca sattAdikaM sAmAnyam ataH sAmAnyopalakSiteSu bhedeSu jAyegA / yahI atiprasaMgarUpa Apatti vipakSa kalpanA meM bAdhaka pramANarUpa hai, to vyApti kyoM asiddha rahegI ? dignAgamatavirodhI udyotakarakathana kI AlocanA - * akRtasamayatva hetu kA jo tAtparya hai ki vastumAtra meM saMketa kA asaMbhava, isI tAtparya se 'akRtasamayatva' hetu kA nirdeza zabdabheda se dignAgAcAryane aisA kiyA hai ki " jAtizabda (yAnI koI bhI sAmAnyake vAcaka rUpa meM mAnya zabda) bhedasamUha kA (yAnI vastusamUha kA ) vAcaka nahIM hai cU~ki bheda ananta hai / " yahA~ 'bheda ananta hai' aisA kahane kA yahI tAtparya hai ki bheda ananta hone se saMketa kA vahA~ saMbhava hI nahIM hai / Jain Educationa International 21 isa tAtparya ko samajhe binA hI jo udyotakara ne 'Anantya' hetu para do vikalpa kara ke khaMDana karate hue kahA hai ki " agara Apa (dignAga) zabdoM ko pakSa kara ke bhedoM ke 'anantatva' ko hetu karate ho to vaha zabdarUpa pakSa meM na rahane se, bhedarUpa vastu kA dharma hone se sAdhya kA vyadhikaraNa huA aura vyadhikaraNa hetu se prastuta pakSa meM kisI bhI sAdhya kI siddhi azakya hai / aba yadi bhedoM ko hI pakSa kara ke una meM zabdavAcyatvAbhAva siddha karane ke liye 'anantatva' hetu kaheMge to vahA~ vastumAtra pakSAntargata ho jAne se na to koI anvayasahacArapradarzaka dRSTAnta milegA na to koI vyatirekasahacAra pradarzaka dRSTAnta sulabha hogA / isaliye 'anantatva' yaha vAstavika hetu nahIM huA / " isa uddyotakara ke khaMDanAtmaka kathana kA pratiSedha ho jAtA hai kyoMki 'Anantya' kA tAtparya hI alaga hai jo upara kahA hai / aura bhI jo unhoneM nyAyavArttika meM kahA hai ki hamAre pakSameM anantatva hetu se jo saMketAsaMbhavarUpa doSa dikhAyA hai vaha bhI una logoM ke mata meM lagatA hai jo mAnate haiM ki 'zabdoM se bhedoM kA pratipAdana kisI bhI vizeSaNarUpa se nahIM hotA hai / ' tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI vizeSaNarUpa nahIM kintu sabhI bhedoM kA pRthak pRthak vyaktirUpa se zabdoM dvArA pratipAdana abhipreta ho to vahA~ bheda ananta hone se saMketa ke asaMbhava kI bAta ThIka hai / kintu hama to mAnate haiM ki zabdoM se sattAdi rUpa vizeSaNaviziSTa dravya kA, guNa kA yA karma kA pratipAdana hotA hai / prayojaka puruSa jahA~ jahA~ sattAdirUpa sAmAnya ko dekhatA hai vahA~ vahA~ 'sat' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga karatA hai / aba ye sattA Adi sAmAnya to eka hI hai ananta nahIM, isa liye una sattA Adi eka eka sAmAnyarUpa vizeSaNa se upalakSita bhedoM meM saMketakaraNa kA pUrA sambhava hai / niSkarSa, dignAgakathita 'anantatva' hetu niSprayojana hai / 1 *. idaM tathyaM nyAyavArttikapRSTha 323 - ta0saM0 paM0 pR0 277 - madhye nirIkSaNAm / zloka0vA0 pArthasArathivyAkhyAyAM pR0 596 For Personal and Private Use Only syAdvAdakalpalatA sta0 11

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22 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam samayakriyAsambhavAdakAraNamAnantyam' [nyAyavA0 2-2-67 pR. 323] iti - asadetat, yato na sattAdikaM vastubhUtaM sAmAnyaM tebhyo bhinnamabhinnam vA'stIti / bhavatu vA tat tathApyekasmin bhede'nekasAmAnyasaMbhavAdasAMkaryeNa sadAdizabdayojanaM na syAt / na ca zabdenA'nupadarya sattAdikaM sAmAnyaM sattAdinA bhedAnupalakSayituM samayakAraH zaknuyAt, na cAkRtasamayeSu sattAdiSu zabdapravRttirastIti itaretarAzrayadoSaprasaktiH / athApi syAt- svayameva pratipattA vyavahAropalambhAdanvayavyatirekAbhyAM sadAdizabdaiH samayaM pratipadyate / asadetat - anantabhedaviSayaniHzeSavyavahAropalambhasya kasyacidasaMbhavAt / 'ekadA sattAdimatsu bhedeSvasakRd vyavahAramupalabhyA'dRSTeSvapi tajjAtIyeSu tAn zabdAn pratipadyate' iti cet ? na, adRSTatvAt, na hyadRSTepvatItAdibhedabhinneSvananteSu bhedeSu samayaH sambhavati atiprasaGgAt / vikalpabuddhayA'vyA(?dhyA)hatya teSu tapratipattya(yA?)bhyupagame vikalpasamAropitArthaviSaya eva zabdasaMketaH prAptaH / tathAhi - atItAnAgatayorasattvenA'sannihitatvAt tatra vikalpabuddhirbhavantI nirviSayaiva, tatra bhavan samayaH kathaM paramArthavastuviSayo bhavediti ? sapakSe bhAvAd nApi toviruddhateti siddhaM svalakSaNA'viSayatvaM zabdAnAm / ___ udyotakara kA yaha pratipAdana bhI asAra hai / kAraNa, bhedoM se atirikta yA anatirikta sattAdirUpa vAstavika sAmAnya astitva meM hI nahIM hai phira usake ekatva dvArA saMketa ke sambhava kI bAta hI kahA~ ? athavA mAna lo ki 'sAmAnya' hai kintu vaha bhI Apa ke mata meM kisI eka hI dravyAdi meM - sattA, dravyatva, pRthvItva, guNatva, rUpatva Adi jaba aneka saMkhyA meM hai- to asaMkIrNa rUpa se yAnI kisI eka zabda se sattA se upalakSita dravya kA hI pratipAdana ho na ki dravyatvAdi se upalakSita kA - isa prakAra ke asaMkIrNa rUpa se 'sat' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga anyonyAzraya doSa ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakegA / anyonyAzraya isa DhaMga se hai ki jaba taka saMketakAraka puruSa pRthak pRthak sattAdi sAmAnya kA zabdoM se pratipAdana na kara dikhAve taba taka sattAdivizeSaNa rUpa se bhedoM kA upalakSaNa yAnI nirUpaNa zakya nahIM hogA aura taba taka sattAdi ke liye zabdoM kI pravRtti bhI nahIM ho sakegI / isa prakAra zabdoM kI pravRtti ke liye saMketakriyA aura saMketakriyA ke liye zabdapravRtti yaha anyonyAzraya doSa lagA rhegaa| vyavahAra se saMketagraha asambhava agara kaheM ki - "zrotA ko sat ityAdi zabdoM ke saMketa kA grahaNa to cirapravRtta lokavyavahAra se anvaya-vyatireka sahacAra dvArA svayameva ho jAtA hai - usa ke liye zabdaprayoktA ko kucha bhI kaSTa karanA nahIM paDatA hai / isa liye anyonyAzraya niravakAza hai"- to yaha galata bAta hai / kAraNa, bheda to ananta hai isaliye tatsaMbandhi sakala vyavahAroM kA bhAna kisI eka puruSa ke liye zakya hI nahIM hai, to una sabhI ke saMketa kA grahaNa bhI kaise zakya hogA ? yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'sattA vagairaha se viziSTa bhedoM ke sambandha meM bAra bAra hone vAle vyavahAra kA jaba eka bAra jJAna ho gayA to phira usa ke samAna jAtivAle adRSTa bhedoM ke liye saMketita zabdoM ke grahaNa meM bhI dera nahIM lgtii| isaliye bheda anaMta hone para bhI saMketagrahaNa zakya hogaa|' - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa ve samAna jAtivAle bheda adRSTa haiM / atIta aura anAgata Adi rUpa se bhinna bhinna ananta bheda jaba taka dRSTa hI nahIM haiM taba taka unameM saMketakriyA kA hI saMbhava nahIM hai to saMketagrahaNa kI to bAta hI kahA~ ? adRSTa hone para bhI yadi unameM saMketa kA sambhava mAneMge to kharaviSANa Adi meM bhI mAnane kA saMkaTa AyegA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 atha sthiraikarUpatvAd himAcalAdibhAvAnAM dezAdibhedAbhAvAt saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvena samayasambhavAt pakSaikadezA'siddhatA prakRtahetoH / naitat, himAcalAdInAmapyanekANupracayasvabhAvatayA udayAnantarApavargitayA ca nAzeSAvayavaparigraheNa samayakAlaparidRSTasvabhAvasya vyavahArakAlAnuyAyitvena ca samayaH sambhavatIti nAsiddhatA hetoH / ata uklanyAyena samayavaiyarthyaprasaGgAna svalakSaNe samayaH saMbhavati / azakyakriyAtvAcca na tatra samayaH / tathAhi- udayAnantarApavargiSu bhAveSu samayaH kriyamANaH anutpaneSu vA kriyeta, utpanneSu vA ? na tAvadanutpaneSu paramArthataH samayo yuktaH, asataH sarvopAkhyArahitasyA'. 'dhAratvAnupapatteH / apAramArthika(va?)stvajAte'pi putrAdau samaya upalabhyata iti na dRSTavirodhaH, vikalpa aba Apa kaheMge ki - 'atItAdi bheda dRSTa na hone para bhI vikalpabuddhi meM ArUDha hote haiM, una vikalpabuddhiArUDha bheMdo meM saMketa kA grahaNa mAna leMge'- to isa kA matalaba yahI huA ki zabdasaMketa kA viSaya koi vAstavika svalakSaNa to nahIM hai, jo kucha hai vaha vikalpabuddhi meM Aropita artha yAnI kAlpanika artha hI zabdasaMketa kA viSaya banA / dekhiye - atIta yA anAgata padArtha to asat hone se saMnihita hI nahIM hai ata: usake sambandha meM hone vAlI vikalpabuddhi ko paramArthata: nirviSayaka hI mAnanA hogA, phira usa meM kiyA gayA saMketa pAramArthika vastusparzI kaise ho sakatA hai ? niSkarSa - akRtasamayatva hetu anaikAntika nahIM hai / tathA yaha hetu sapakSa meM rahatA hai isaliye pAramArthika vastupratipAdakatvAbhAvarUpa sAdhya se viruddha bhI nahIM hai| sapakSa hai azvazabda, vahA~ dhenunirUpita akRtasamayatva hetu bhI rahatA hai aura paramArthataH dhenurUpArthapratipAdakatvAbhAva bhI rahatA hai / isa prakAra yaha siddha huA ki svalakSaNarUpa artha kisI bhI zabda kA viSaya yAnI vAcya nahIM hai / aNupracayAtmaka himAcalAdi meM saMketa asambhava zaMkA :- 'akRtasamayatva' yaha hetu pakSa ke kucha bhAga meM asiddha hai isaliye usa se apane sAdhya kI siddhi zakya nahIM / himAcala vagairaha parvata pahale bhI the Aja bhI hai aura bhAvi meM bhI use koI khatarA nahIM hai isa liye ve to sthira svabhAvavAle haiM, na to una meM dezabheda se bheda hai, na kAlabheda se / phalata: saMketakAla meM aura vyavahArakAla meM anuvartamAna rahane se una himAcala vagairaha padArthoM meM acchI taraha saMketa kiyA jA sakatA hai, to unameM akRtasamayatva kaise rahegA ? uttara : zaMkA ThIka nahIM hai / himAcala vagairaha koI eka sthira IkAI nahIM hai kintu pratikSaNa utpAda-vinAzazIla anekAneka paramANu ke pulasvarUpa hai / isa liye jina avayavoM ko lakSa meM rakha kara saMketa kAla meM saMketa kareMge ve hI avayava vyavahArakAla meM to gAyaba ho jAyeMge, phalata: saMketa hI niSprayojana ho jAyegA / isa prakAra 'akRtasamayatva' hetu himAcala vagairaha paramANupuoM meM bhI rahatA hI hai, asiddha nahIM hai| uparokta rIti se, vyavahArakAla taka asthAyi padArthoM meM kiyA jAne vAlA saMketa vyartha hone kI Apatti lagI rahane se siddha yahI hotA hai ki svalakSaNa padArtha meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai / * kriyA ke asambhava se saMketa kA asambhava saMketa kriyA zakya bhI nahIM hai, isaliye artha meM zabdasaMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai / dekhiye - utpatti ke agrimakSaNa meM hI naSTa ho jAne vAle padArthoM meM saMketa kaba kareMge ? usa ke utpanna hone ke pahale yA utpanna ho jAya taba ? utpanna hone ke pahale, pAramArthikarUpa se saMketaprakriyA kA sambhava hI nahIM hai / kAraNa, utpatti

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nirmitArthaviSayatvena tasyA'pAramArthikatvAt / nApyutpanne samayo yuktaH, tasminnanubhavotpattau tatpUrvake ca zabdabhedasmaraNe sati samayaH saMbhavati nAnyathA - atiprasaGgAt - zabdabhedasmaraNakAle ca ciraniruddhaM svalakSaNamiti ajAtavajjAte'pi kathaM samayaH samayakriyAkAle dvayorapyasaMnihitatvAt ? tapAhi- anubhavAvasthAyAmapi tAvat tatkAraNatayA svalakSaNaM kSaNikaM na saMnihitasattAkaM bhavati kiM punaranubhavottarakAlabhAvinAmabhedAbhogasmaraNotpAdakAle bhaviSyati ? 24 nApi tajjAtIye tatsAmarthyabalopajAte samayakriyAkAlabhAvini kSaNe samayaH sambhavati, tasyA'nyatvAt / yadyapi samayakriyAkAle sannihitaM kSaNAntaramasti tathApi tatra samayAbhogA'sambhavAna samayo yukta:, na hyazvamupalabhya tannAmasmaraNopakramapUrvakaM samayaM kurvANastatkAlasannihite gavAdAvAbhogAviSayIkRte ' azva:' iti samayaM samayakRt karoti / athApi syAt sarveSAM svalakSaNAnAM sAdRzyamasti tenaikyamadhyavasya samayaH kariSyate, asadetat- yato vikalpabuddhaya'dhyAropitaM sAdRzyam tasya ca dhvanibhiH pratipAdane svalakSaNamavAcyameveti na svalakSaNe samayaH / - ke pUrva padArtha asat hotA hai, asat padArtha upAkhyA= svarUpa dharma yA saMjJA mAtra se zUnya hotA hai, isaliye usa meM saMketa kI AdhAratA ghaTa nahIM sakatI / yadi kaheM ki ' isa bAta meM sAkSAt hI virodha hai, cU~ki putrajanma ke pahale hI mAtA-pitA Adi usa ke nAma kI kalpanA karate dekhe jAte haiM' to yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ nAma kalpita hotA hai pAramArthika nahIM hotA, hama to pAramArthika saMketa kA virodha karate haiM, isaliye koI virodha nahIM hai / kalpanA se kalpita artha hI usa saMketa kA viSaya hotA hai isaliye vaha saMketa bhI kAlpanika huA, pAramArthika nahIM / utpanna padArtha meM bhI saMketa nahIM ghaTa sakatA / kAraNa yaha hai ki pahale to jisa artha meM saMketa karanA hai usa ke viSaya meM anubhava utpanna honA cAhiye, anubhava hone ke bAda usa artha ke liye jisa zabda kA saMketa karanA cAhate haiM usa zabda kA smaraNa karanA hogA, kyoMki usa ke binA hI agara saMketa ho jAyegA to asmRta anya bhI hajAroM zabdoM kA saMketa ho jAyegA / phira jaba zabda kA smaraNakAla AyegA usa ke pUrva kSaNa meM hI ( arthAt anubhavakSaNa meM hI) svalakSaNa to naSTa ho gayA hogA / tAtparya, jaise anAgata padArtha meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai to vaise utpanna padArtha meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava kaise hogA ? saMketa kriyA kAla meM na to anutpanna svalakSaNa saMnihita hai, na to utpanna svalakSaNa saMnihita hai / dekhiye- anubhava yaha kAryakSaNa hai aura usa kA kAraNa hai svalakSaNa jo pUrvakSaNa meM hI ho sakatA hai aura kSaNika hai isaliye vaha anubhavottpati kSaNa meM hI jaba sattA ko kho baiThatA hai to phira anubhava ke pazcAt hone vAle abheda kA anusaMdhAna aura zabdavizeSa ke upayogakAla meM usakA smaraNa, yahA~ taka to vaha kaise sthira banA rahegA ? samAnajAtIya kSaNAntara meM saMketa kA asambhava agara aisA kaheM ki - "svalakSaNa ke uttarakSaNa meM svalakSaNa svayaM naSTa ho jAne se usameM yadyapi saMketa yAnI saMketakriyA ke kAla meM jo usakA saMbhava bhale na ho, kintu usa svalakSaNa ke sAmarthyabala se uttarakAla meM sajAtIya kSaNa utpanna hogA usameM hI saMketa kA saMbhava mAna leMge / " to yaha sambhavita nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa svalakSaNa meM saMketa kA abhiprAya thA usa se to yaha bhinna hai / kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki saMketakaraNakAla meM yadyapi anya kSaNa saMnihita hai kintu saMketakarttA kA abhiprAya usa meM saMketa karane kA nahIM thA, jisa meM

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 25 nApi zabdasvalakSaNasya / tathAhi - samayakRt smRtyupasthApitameva nAmabhedamarthena yojayati / na ca smRtirbhAvato'nubhUtamevAbhilApamutyApayituM zaknoti tasya ciraniruddhatvAt, yaM coccArayati tasya pUrvamananubhUtatvAna tatra smRtiH, na cA'viSayIkRtastayA samutthApayituM zakyaH / ataH smRtyupasthApitamanusandhIyamAnaM vikalpanirmitatvenAsvalakSaNameveti na svalakSaNatve'sya samayaH / tasmAdavyapadezyaM svalakSaNamiti siddham / itaca svalakSaNamavyapadezyam zabdabuddhau tasyApratibhAsanAt / yathA hi uSNAdyarthaviSayendriyabuddhiH sphuTapratibhAsA'nubhUyate na tathoSNAdizabdaprabhavA / na hyupahatanayanAdayo mAtuliGgAdizabdazravaNAt tadrUpAyanubhAvino bhavanti yathA'nupahatanayanAdayo'kSabuddhayA'nubhavantaH / yathoktam - [vAkyapa0 2-425] thA vaha to naSTa ho gayA / isaliye yahA~ saMketa kA saMbhava nahIM mAna sakate / koI puruSa azva ko dekhane ke bAda usa ke nAma kA smaraNa to kare aura azva meM saMketa kA abhiprAya bhI kare yahA~ taka to ThIka hai, kintu saMketakaraNa kAla meM agara azva se bhinna dhenu Adi upasthita (saMnihita) ho jAya to usameM saMketa karane kA abhiprAya na rahane para bhI saMketakartA usI dhenu Adi meM 'azva' aisA saMketa karane laga jAya aisA kabhI nahIM hotaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "svalakSaNa sabhI samAna hI hote haiM ata: una ke sAmya se saMketakaraNa kSaNa meM pUrva svalakSaNa kSaNa ke abheda kA adhyavasAya hone para usa meM saMketa bhI zakya ho jAyegA" - to yaha galata bAta hai / kAraNa, eka dUsare se sarvathA vilakSaNa aise svalakSaNoM meM vikalpabuddhi se samAnatA kA Aropa hI huA, aura vahI zabdadhvaniyoM se pratipAdita ho rahA hai, isa kA matalaba yahI huA ki svalakSaNa to zabda se avAcya hI rahA / niSkarSa, svalakSaNa meM kisI bhI DhaMga se saMketa kA sambhava nahIM rahA / zabdasvalakSaNa kA saMketa asambhava* arthasvalakSaNa meM jaise saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai, vaise zabdarUpa svalakSaNa kA bhI saMketa zakya nahIM hai / dekhiye - eka bAta nizcita hI hai ki koI bhI saMketakartA usI nAmavizeSa kI artha ke sAtha saMyojanA kara sakatA hai jo smaraNa se upasthita ho / aba yaha socanA paDegA ki smRti pUrvAnubhUta nAma kA yA vartamAna meM uccArita nAma kA upasthApana kara sakatI hai yA nahIM ? jo abhilApa (yAne nAma) pUrva meM anubhUta (yAnI uccArita) hai usa kA vartamAna meM utthApana zakya hI nahIM hai kyoMki vaha to smaraNa ke pUrva hI khatama ho cukA hai| tathA smRti jo pUrva meM anubhUta na ho usa ko to sparza bhI nahIM kara sakatI, isaliye vartamAna meM jo nAma uccArita ho rahA hai usa kA bhI smaraNa se utthApana kabhI zakya nahIM rahatA / isa kA matalaba yahI huA ki smRti se upasthita hone vAle jisa kA anusandhAna kiyA jA rahA hai vaha na to pUrvAnubhUta zabda hai, na to vartamAna meM uccArita zabda hai / taba vaha kayA hai ? sirpha buddhikalpita zabda hI hai zabdasvalakSaNAtmaka vaha nahIM hai, to phira usakA artha ke sAtha saMyojana rUpa saMketa kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? niSkarSa yahI siddha hotA hai ki svalakSaNa sarvathA vyapadezaayogya hai, na to zabda se svalakSaNa kA nirdeza ho sakatA hai, na to zabda usa kA nirdezaka ho sakatA hai| svalakSaNa, zabda se avyapadezya zabdajanyabuddhi meM svalakSaNa kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA, isaliye bhI vaha zabda se avyapadezya (avAcya) mAnanA cAhiye / sparzanAdi indriyo se utpanna buddhi meM jaise uSNatAdi artha rUpa viSaya kA sphuTa pratibhAsa hotA hai vaisA

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam "anyathaivA'gnisambandhAd dAhaM dagdho'bhimanyate / anyathA dAhazabdena dAhArthaH sampratIyate / na ca yo yatra na pratibhAti sa tadviSayo'bhyupagantuM yuktaH atiprasaMgAt / tathA ca prayogaH 'yo yatkRtapratyaye na pratibhAsate na sa tasyArthaH, yathA rUpazabdajanite pratyaye rasaH, na pratibhAsate ca zAbdapratyaye svalakSaNam' iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / atra cAtiprasaMgo bAdhakaM pramANam / tathAhi zabdasya tadviSayajJAnajanakatvameva tadvAdhakatvamucyate nAnyat, na ca yadviSayaM jJAnaM yadAkArazUnyaM tat tadviSayaM yuktam atiprasaMgAt / na caikasya vastuno rUpadvayamasti spaSTamaspaSTaM ca yenAspaSTaM vastugatameva rUpaM zabdairabhidhIyate, ekasya dvitvavirodhAt / bhinnasamayasthAyinAM ca parasparaviruddhasvabhAvapratipAdanAtra zabdagocaraH svalakSaNam / 'uSNa' Adi zabda se utpanna buddhi meM uSNatAdi kA spaSTa bhAna nahIM hotA hai / tathA avinaSTa cakSuvAle logoM ke netra se utpanna buddhi meM bIjorA Adi phaloM kA jaisA rUpAdiviziSTa bhAna hotA hai vaisA rUpAdiviziSTa anubhava, naSTacakSuvAle logoM ko 'bIjorA' Adi zabda ke zravaNa se nahIM hotA hai / 26 vAkyapadIyagrantha meM kahA hai ki " agni ke sambandha' se jo jalana kA anubhava jalanevAle ko hotA hai aura jo 'dAha' (jalana) zabda se jvalanarUpa artha kA bodha hotA hai - ye donoM sarvathA bhinna hote haiM / " matalaba yaha hai ki jo vAstavika artha hotA hai vaha to zabdabuddhi meM bhAsatA nahIM / taba jisa pratIti meM jo nahIM bhAsatA hai usa ko usa pratIti kA viSaya nahIM mAnanA cAhiye, agara mAneMge to azva kI pratIti hone para gadhe ko usa kA viSaya mAnanA paDegA - yaha atiprasaMga hogA / yahA~ vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa anumAna kA prayoga isa prakAra ho sakatA hai - jisa se janya pratIti meM jo nahIM bhAsatA hai vaha usa se janya pratIti kA viSayabhUta nahIM hotA / jaise, 'rUpa' zabda se janya pratIti meM rasa nahIM bhAsatA hai to rasa 'rUpa' zabdajanya pratIti kA viSayabhUta nahIM hotA hai / zabdajanya pratIti meM svalakSaNa bhAsatA nahIM hai / ( isaliye svalakSaNa ko zabdajanya pratIti kA viSayabhUta nahIM honA cAhiye / ) isa anumAnaprayoga meM tatpratItiviSayatva vyApya hai aura tatpratItipratibhAsa vyApaka hai, isa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi rUpa hetu se vyApya kA abhAva siddha kiyA gayA hai / yadi koI pUche ki 'tatpratibhAsa ke na rahane para bhI tadviSayatA mAnane meM kauna sA bAdhaka pramANa hai ?' to atiprasaMga hI isa vipakSabAdhaka pRcchA kA pratyuttara hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki 'tadviSaya ke jJAna kA janaka honA yahI zabda kA 'tadvAcakatva' kahA jAtA hai dUsarA kucha nahIM, kintu jisa (ghaTa) viSaya kA jJAna jisa (paTa) ke AkAra se zUnya hotA hai, vaha (ghaTa) jJAna tadviSayaka ( paTaviSayaka ) mAnanA saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki taba to gardabhAkArazUnya azvaviSayaka jJAna ko bhI gardabhaviSayaka mAnane kA atiprasaMga khaDA hI hai / yadi kaheM ki ' vastu ke do vAstavika rUpa hote haiM, eka spaSTa aura dUsarA aspaSTa / inameM dUsarA jo vAstavika aspaSTa rUpa hai vahI zabdavAcya hotA hai' to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, eka vastu ke paraspara vilakSaNa do rUpa hote nahIM hai kyoMki eka vastu meM vilakSaNa do rUpa virodhagrasta hai / yadi kaheM ki - spaSTa aura aspaSTa ye do rUpa samasAmayika nahIM hote, prathama kSaNa meM spaSTa rUpa hotA hai aura jaba dUsare kSaNa meM zabdaprayoga kiyA jAtA hai usa kSaNa meM aspaSTarUpa hotA hai - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki zabdaprayoga to prathamakSaNa ke spaSTarUpavAle svalakSaNa ke pratipAdana ke abhiprAya se kiyA jAtA hai, aura pratipAdana to asthira, spaSTarUpa se viruddha yAnI aspaSTarUpa svabhAva kA hotA hai - isa kA phalitArtha to yahI huA ki svalakSaNa zabda Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 [ padArthaviSaye nyAyasUtrakArAbhiprAyavivecanam ] naiyAyikAstu 'vyattyAkRtijAtayastu padArthaH' [nyAyada0 2-2-65] iti pratipannAH / tatra vyaktizabdena dravya-guNa-vizeSa-karmANyabhidhIyante / tathA ca sUtram 'vyaktirguNavizeSAzrayo mUrtiH' [nyAyada0 2-2-66] iti / asyArtho vArttikakAramatena - "viziSyate iti vizeSaH, guNebhyo vizeSo guNavizeSaH karmAbhidhIyate, dvitIyazcAtra guNavizeSazabda ekazeSaM kRtvA nirdiSTaH tena guNapadArtho gRhyate - guNAzca te vizeSAca guNavizeSA: vizeSagrahaNamAkRtinirAsArtham / tathAhi- AkRtiH saMyogavizeSasvabhAvA, saMyogazca guNapadArthAntargataH tatazcAsati vizeSagrahaNe AkRterapi grahaNaM syAt, na ca tasyA vyaktAvantarbhAva ISyate pRthak svazabdena tasyA upAdAnAt / Azrayazabdena dravyamabhidhIyate - teSAM guNavizeSANAmAzrayastadAzrayo dravyamityarthaH / kA viSaya nahIM bana sakatA / / * naiyAyika mata se vyakti Adi padArtha "vyakti-AkRti-jAtaya: tu padArthaH' isa nyAyadarzana ke sUtra anusAra naiyAyikavAdI kahate haiM ki vyakti, AkRti aura jAti ye pada ke vAcyArtha haiM / yahA~ vyakti zabda se dravya, guNavizeSa aura karma kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| nyAyadarzana kA aisA sUtra bhI hai - 'vyakti: guNavizeSAzrayo mUrtiH' isa sUtra kA artha vArtikakAra ke mata se nimna prakAra se hai - ___guNavizeSa zabda meM 'vizeSa' zabda kI karma artha meM vyutpatti 'viziSyate iti vizeSa:' aisI hai / 'guNoM se vizeSa' (yAnI guNoM se bhinna, guNa jaisA padArtha) aisA samAsavigraha karane se yahA~ 'guNavizeSa' zabda kA phalitArtha karma (yAnI kriyA) hai / hAlA~ki sUtra meM 'guNavizeSa' zabda eka bAra hI AyA hai kintu vyAkaraNasUtra ke anusAra yahA~ 'guNavizeSazca guNavizeSazca' aisA ekazeSa samAsa mAna lene se do guNavizeSa zabda kI prApti hotI hai / una meM se eka kA artha ho gyaa| dUsare guNavizeSa zabda se guNapadArtha kA hI grahaNa karanA hai, vaha karmadhAraya samAsa se prApta hotA hai 'guNAzca te vizeSAzca iti guNavizeSAH' / prazna : yahA~ 'guNa' itanA kahane se bhI guNa kA grahaNa ho sakatA hai phira 'vizeSa' zabda kA prayojana kyA ? uttara : dhyAna meM rahe ki yahA~ 'vyakti' zabda kI vyAkhyA meM Aye hue guNavizeSa zabda kA artha kiyA jA rahA hai / aura pahale nyAyasUtra meM pada ke vAcyArtha dikhAte hue vyakti se AkRti kA pRthag grahaNa kiyA hai / yadi 'vizeSa' zabda na likhA jAya to saMyogavizeSasvarUpa hI AkRti kA 'guNa' zabda se grahaNa ho jAne para vyakti meM hI usakA antarbhAva ho jAne se 'AkRti' zabda dvArA usa kA pRthak grahaNa asaMgata ho jAtA hai / isaliye AkRti kI vyAvRtti karane hetu 'guNavizeSa' aisA kahA hai / 'guNavizeSoM kA Azraya mUrtirUpa vyakti hai' isa vidhAna meM Azraya zabda se guNavizeSoM ke AzrayarUpa meM dravya kA grahaNa abhipreta hai / prazna :- agara 'guNa vizeSoM kA Azraya-guNavizeSAzraya' aisA SaSThItatpuruSa samAsa mAneMge to sirpha dravya kA hI vyakti meM antarbhAva hogA, guNavizeSoM kA kaise hogA ? x. upalabdhe nyAyavArtika ayaM pATha: akSarazo nopalabhyate kiMtu arthto'sti|

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28 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sUtre 'tat'zabdalopaM kRtvA nirdezaH kRtaH, evaM ca vigrahaH karttavyaH- guNavizeSAzca guNavizeSAceti guNavizeSAH tadAzrayazceti guNavizeSAzrayaH, samAhAradvandvazvAyam / "lokAzrayatvAd liGgasya" [2-2-29 mahAbhASye pR0 471 paM08] iti napuMsakaliGgA'nirdezaH / tenAyamartho bhavati yo'yaM guNavizeSAzrayaH sA vyaktiyocyate mUrtizceti / tatra yadA dravye mUrtizabdastadA'dhikaraNasAdhano draSTavyaH - mUrchantyasminnavayavA iti mUrtiH, yadA tu rUpAdiSu tadA kartRsAdhanaH - mUrchanti dravye samavayantIti rUpAdayo mUrtiH / vyaktizabdastu dravye karmasAdhanaH rUpAdiSu karaNasAdhanaH [2-2-68 nyA0vA0 pR0 332 paM0 3.24 draSTavyA] bhASyakAramatena ca yathAzruti sUtrArthaH- guNavizeSANAmAzrayo dravyameva vyaktirmUrtizceti tasyeSTam / yathoktam - "guNavizeSANAM rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparzAnAm gurutva-dravatva-ghanatva-saMskArANAm avyApinazca pariNAmavizeSasyAzrayo yathAsambhavaM tad dravyaM mUrtiH mUrchitAvayavatvAt" [nyAyada0 bhA0 pR0 224] AkRtizabdena prANyavayavAnAM pANyAdInAm tadavayavAnAM cAGgulyAdInAM saMyogo'bhidhIyate / tathA ca sUtram "AkRtirjAtiliGgAkhyA" [nyAyada0 2-2-67] iti / uttara :- yahA~ sUtra meM 'tat' zabda kA lopa kara ke 'vyakti: guNavizeSAzrayaH' aisA kahA hai, isa kA matalaba yaha hai ki yahA~ pUre samAsa kA vigraha isa prakAra karanA hai - 'guNavizeSAzca guNavizeSAzca iti guNavizeSA:' yaha ekazeSa samAsa aura 'guNavizeSAzca tadAzrayazca iti guNavizeSAzrayaH' aisA samAhAradvandva samAsa / samAhAra dvandva samAsa karane se 'guNavizeSAzrayau' aisA dvivacana karanA nahIM paDatA / ekavacana hI saMgata hai / kiMtu usa ko napuMsakaliMga honA cAhie phira bhI pulliMga kiyA hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vyAkaraNamahAbhASya meM kahA hai ki zabdoM kA liMgaprayoga lokAzrita hai / isaliye loka kA anusaraNa karake yahA~ pulliMgaprayoga karane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai| vyaktizabda kI vyAkhyA kA phalitArtha yaha huA ki karma AkRtibhinna guNa aura usakA jo Azraya (dravya) ye saba vyakti bhI kahe jAte haiM aura mUrti bhI kahe jAte haiM / dravya ke artha meM jaba mUrti zabda lete haiM to usakI vyutpatti adhikaraNa artha meM kI jAtI hai - 'jisa meM avayavoM kA mUrchana yAnI saMmilana hotA hai vaha mUrti' ! jaba rUpAdi guNa yA karma ke artha meM leMge taba kartA artha meM usakI vyutpatti aisI hogI - dravya meM jo mUrchita hone vAle yAnI samaveta ho kara rahane vAle haiM ve rUpAdi mUrti haiM / vyaktizabda kA bhI jaba dravyarUpa artha leMge to karma artha meM usakI vyutyatti hogI - 'vyajyate asau = jo (rUpAdi se) abhivyakta hotA hai vaha vyakti' / jaba rUpAdi artha legeM to karaNa artha meM usakI vyutpatti hogI 'vyajyate anena' =jisa se (dravya) vyakta hotA hai vaha rUpAdi / bhASyakAramata se vyakti sUtra kA padArtha 'vyakti: guNavizeSAzrayo mUrti:' isa sUtra kA vArttikakArasaMmata artha dikhAyA, aba bhASyakAra ke mata se jo usa kA yathAzruta yAnI zabdAnusArI artha hai vaha dikhAte haiM - guNavizeSoM kA jo Azraya hotA hai vahI vyakti hai aura usI ko mUrti bhI kahate haiM - aisA bhASyakAra kA mata hai / bhASya meM hI kahA hai ki rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparza, gurutva dravyatva-ghanatva-saMskAra tathA avyApaka parimANavizeSa ye guNavizeSa haiM aura usa kA jo yathAsaMbhava Azraya ho udA0 rUpa-rasAdi kA pRthvI Adi - yaha Azraya dravya hai aura usI meM avayavoM kA mUrchana (saMmIlana)

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 asya bhASyam - "yayA jAtirjAtiliGgAni ca vyAkhyAyante tAmAkRtiM vidyAt sA ca sattvAvayavAnAm tadavayavAnAM ca niyato vyUhaH / " [nyAya. bhA0 pR. 225] 'vyUha' zabdena saMyogavizeSa ucyate, niyatagrahaNena kRtrimasaMyoganirAsaH / tatra jAtiliGgAni prANyavayavAH ziraHpANyAdayaH - tairhi gotvAdilakSaNA jAtirliGgayate, AkRtyA tu kadAcit sAkSAjjAtiya'jyate yadA ziraHpANyAdisaMnivezadarzanAd gotvaM vyajyate, kadAcijjAtiliGgAni yadA viSANAdibhiravayavaiH pRthak pRthak svAvayavasaMnivezAbhivyaktairgotvAdiya'jyate, tena jAtestalliGgAnAM ca prakhyApikA bhvtyaakRtiH| jAtizabdenAbhinnAbhidhAnapratyayaprasavanimittaM sAmAnyAkhyaM vastUcyate / tathA ca sUtram - "samAnapratyayaprasavAtmikA jAtiH" [nyAyada0 2-2-68] iti samAnapratyayotpattikAraNaM jAtirityarthaH / / tatra vyaktyAkRtyoH etenaiva svalakSaNasya zabdArthatvanirAkaraNena zabdArthatvaM nirAkRtam / tathAhiyathA svalakSaNasyA'kRtasamayatvAdazabdArthatvaM tathA tayorapIti 'akRtasamayatvAt' ityasya heto 'siddhiH, hone se usa ko mUrti bhI kaha sakate haiM / [isa prakAra 'vyakti' zabda kA artha kathana samApta huA, aba 'AkRti' zabda kA artha dikhAte haiM] bhASyakAramata se AkRti kA svarUpa prANivarga ke hasta-pAdAdi avayavoM kA tathA una avayavoM ke aMgulI Adi upAMgo kA saMyoga, AkRtizabda se yahA~ lakSita hai / sUtra meM hI kahA hai "AkRtirjAtiliGgAkhyA'' [nyAyada0 2-2-67] iti / isa sUtra kA artha karate hue bhASya meM kahA hai ki jisa se jAti aura jAtivyaJjakaliMga pIchAne jAte haiM vahI AkRti hai aisA samajhanA / matalaba yaha hai ki prANI ke hastAdi avayava aura unake aMgulI Adi upa-avayavoM kA jo niyata [yAnI viziSTa prakAra kA] vyUha, yahI AkRti hai / vyUha yAnI saMyogavizeSa / yahA~ niyata vyUha ko hI AkRti kahA hai isa meM niyatapada se kRtrima saMyoga kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai / kRtrima saMyoga yAnI janmajAta jo aMgulI Adi kA kUdaratI saMyoga hotA hai vaisA nahIM kintu eka hasta kI aMgulI kA anya hasta kI aMgulIyoM se saMyojana ityAdi, aisA kRtrima vyUha yahA~ 'AkRti' zabda se nahIM lenA hai / zIrSa hasta paira Adi prANi-avayavoM ko jAtiliMga kahate haiM kyoMki una se gotva, azvatva Adi jAti kA liMgana (yAnI abhivyakti) hotA hai / AkRti se kabhI to sAkSAt jAti kI abhivyakti hotI hai / udA0 zIrSa hasta Adi avayavoM kI viziSTaracanA ko dekhane se gotva kA bhAna hotA hai| kabhI to AkRti se jAtiliMga kI abhivyakti aura usa ke dvArA gotvAdi kI arthAt paramparA se abhivyakti hotI hai, udA0 viSANAdi ke avayavoM kI apanI apanI racanA se yAnI AkRti se prathama jAtiliMgarUpa viSANAdi kI abhivyakti hotI hai aura una viSANAdi kI abhivyakti se gotvAdi kI abhivyakti hotI hai / isa prakAra AkRti hI jAti aura jAtiliMgo kI abhivyaJjikA hotI hai| *jAti Adi meM padavAcyatva kA niSedha* vyakti aura AkRti kI bAta ho cukI, aba jAti kI bAta karate haiM / bhinna bhinna vastuoM ke liye samAna nAmaprayoga evaM samAna pratIti meM jo nimittabhUta 'sAmAnya' aparanAma vAlA tattva hotA hai vahI jAti zabda se yahA~ abhipreta hai| sUtra meM kahA hai - 'samAnapratyayaprasavAtmikA jAti:' / hAlA~ki yahA~ jAti

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30 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nApyanaikAntikatA / api ca, vyaktirdravya-guNavizeSakarmalakSaNA, AkRtizca saMyogAtmikA, ete ca dravyAdayaH pratiSiddhatvAd asantaH kathaM zabdArthatAmupayAnti ? . [2-4 jAti-tadyoga-tadvatsu saMketA'sambhavapradarzanam ] evaM svalakSaNavajjAti-tadyoga-jAtimatsvapi jAtyAderasambhavAt samayA'sambhavaH / yathA ca jAtestadyogasya ca samavAyasyA'sambhavastathA prAgeva pratipAditam, jAti tadyogayozcAbhAve tadvato'pyasambhava eva tatkRtatvAt tadvayapadezasya, tadvataca svalakSaNAtmakatvAt tatpakSabhAvI doSaH samAna eva / [padavAcyaviSayANi vAjadhyAyana-vyADi-pANinInAM matAni ] 'jAtiH padArthaH' iti vAjadhyAyanaH / 'dravyam' iti vyADiH / 'ubhayam' pANiniH / tadapyanenaiva nirastam jAterayogAd dravyasya ca svalakSaNAtmakatvAt tatpakSabhAvidoSAnativRtteH / ko 'samAnapratItijanma'rUpa hI kahA hai kintu bahuvrIhIsamAsa karane se usa kA tAtparya hai - samAna pratIti kI utpatti kA jo kAraNa hai vahI jAti hai / aba bauddhavAdI kahatA hai ki ukta rIti se naiyAyikoM ne jo jAti-AkRti aura vyakti ko padavAcya kahA hai, usameM vyakti aura AkRti meM padavAcyatva kA nirAkaraNa to svalakSaNa meM padavAcyatva kA nirasana karane se hI sampanna ho jAtA hai| saMketa kA sambhava na hone ke kAraNa jaise svalakSaNa padavAcya nahIM ho sakatA usI taraha vyakti aura AkRti meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava na hone se padavAcya saMgata nahIM hai / 'saMketa kA sambhava na hone se' yaha hetu vyakti aura AkRti rUpa pakSa meM na to asiddha hai, na to sAdhyadrohI hai| vizeSa to yaha kahanA hai ki nyAyamata meM jo dravya, guNavizeSa aura karma rUpa vyakti tathA saMyogAtmaka AkRti mAne gaye haiM una kA yadi parIkSaNa kare to ve sad rUpa se siddha hI nahIM hote isaliye una kA pratiSedha phalita hotA hai aura pratiSedha ho jone se jaba unakI sattA hI siddha nahIM hai to phira una meM padavAcyatva kI to bAta hI kahA~ ? jAti Adi meM saMketa kA asambhava svalakSaNa kI taraha jAti, jAtisambandha aura jAtimAnoM meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki jAti Adi svayaM hI asambhavagrasta haiM / jAti aura usakA samavAyasambandha kyoM asambhavagrasta haiM yaha bAta pahale khaMDa meM (pR.452 aura pR. 430) ho cukI hai| jaba jAti aura usakA sambandha hI asambhavagrasta hai to jAtimAn to sutarAM asambhavagrasta ho jAtA hai kyoMki jAti kA sambhava hone para hI 'jAtimAn' aisA vyavahAra ho sakatA hai / kadAcit jAtimAn ko sat mAna le to vaha svalakSaNarUpa hI hogA aura svalakSaNa meM to saMketa kA asambhava dikhAne ke liye jo doSa kahA hai vaha jAtimAn ko bhI samAnarUpa se lagegA / ___ vAjadhyAyana mata hai ki jAti hI padArtha hai / vyADi ke mata se dravya hI padArtha hai / pANini ke mata se jAti aura dravya donoM hI padArtha haiM / ye tInoM hI mata pUrvokta saMdarbha se nirasta ho jAte haiM / jAti kA to sambhava hI nahIM hai aura dravya svalakSaNarUpa hone para jo doSa svalakSaNa ko padavAcya mAnane meM kahA hai vaha yahA~ bhI lAgU hotA hai| buddhi-AkAra meM saMketa kA asambhava agara aisA mAne ki 'buddhi ke AkAra meM saMketa ho sakatA hai to yaha bhI asAra hai / kAraNa, buddhi kA AkAra buddhi ke svarUpa kI taraha buddhi ke sAtha tAdAtmyApana hI hotA hai, isaliye usa meM kiye huo saMketa

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH-kA0-2 [ buddhayAkAre samayA'sambhavasAdhanam ] buddhayAkAre'pi na samayaH sambhavati, tasya buddhitAdAtmyena vyavasthitatvAd nAsau tadbuddhisvarUpavat pratipAdyamartha buddhayantaraM vAnugacchati, tatazca saMketavyavahArakAlA'vyApakatvAt svalakSaNavat kathaM tatrApi samayaH ? bhavatu vA tasya vyavahArakAlAnvayastathApi na tatra samayo vyavahartRNAM yuktaH / tathAhi - 'api nAmetaH zabdAdarthakriyArthI pumAnarthakriyAkSamAnarthAn vijJAya pravartiSyate' iti manyamAnaivyavahartRbhirabhidhAyakA dhvanayo niyojyante na vyasanitayA, na cAsau vikalpo buddhayAkAro'bhipretazItA'panodAdikArya tadarthinaH sampAdayitumalam tadanubhavotpattAvapi tadabhAvAt tena tatrApi samayAbhAvAnnAsiddhaH 'akRtasamayatvAt' iti hetuH / [1-astyarthavAdimatam ] 'atha astyarthAdayo'pare zabdArthAH santi, tatazca tatra samayasambhavAdasiddhataiva hetoH / tathAhi'astyarthaH' iti yadetat pratIyate tadeva sarvazabdAnAmabhidheyaM na vizeSaH, yathaiva hyapUrva-devatAdizabdA kA pratipAdanakAla meM pratipAdya artha meM yA anya buddhi-AkAra meM anugamana yA kramaNa saMbhava hI nahIM hai / phalata: saMketakAla meM buddhi-AkAra meM kiyA gayA saMketa vyavahArakAla taka vyApaka na hone se nirarthaka hI rahegA jaise ki kSaNika svalakSaNa ke liye pahale kahA gayA thA / jaba isa prakAra saMketa niSphala hogA to phira buddhi-AkAra meM saMketa kaise mAnya ho sakatA hai ? kadAcit mAna liyA jAya ki saMketa vyavahArakAla taka anugAmI hai phira bhI vyavahArakartAoM ke bIca buddhiAkAra meM saMketa kI mAnyatA yuktisaMgata siddha nahIM hotI / dekhiye, vyavahArI loga sirpha vyasanamAtra se zabdadhvaniyoM kA prayoga nahIM karate haiM kintu "hamAre kahe hue 'agni' Adi zabdaprayoga ko suna kara zItAdiapanayana rUpa arthakriyA kA arthI zrotAjana zItAdiapanayana ke liye samartha 'agni' Adi artha ko jAnegA aura usa ke liye pravatti karegA" aisA samajha kara hI vyavahArI loga arthapratipAdaka zabdoM kA prayoga karate haiM / yadi 'agni' Adi zabdoM kA saMketa buddhi-AkAra svarUpa vikalpa meM hI mAneMge to zrotA ko agni Adi zabda se buddhi-AkAra kA hI bhAna hogA aura pravRtti bhI usa ke liye hI hogI na ki bAhya 'agni' ke liye / saba jAnate haiM ki buddhi-AkAra svarUpa 'agni' se kabhI bhI zItaapanayana Adi vAMchita kArya ke arthI ko usa kArya kA sampAdana zakya nahIM hai kyoMki buddhi-AkAra kA anubhava hone para bhI usa ke liye pravRtti aura usa ke dvArA vAMchitakArya kI utpatti hotI nahIM hai / niSkarSa, buddhiAkAra meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava na hone se hamane jo pahale hamAre anumAnaprayoga meM 'akRtasamayatva' hetu kahA hai vaha asiddha nahIM hai / zabdoM kA pratipAdya hai asti-artha aba asti-artha, samudAyarUpa artha....ityAdi ko zabdArtha mAnane vAle alaga alaga sAta matavAdiyoM kA kramaza: kahanA hai ki - asti artha......ityAdi hI zabdavAcya artha hai aura una ke vAcaka zabdoM meM saMketa kI pUrI sambhAvanA hone se 'akRtasamayatva' yaha hetu asiddha hai| prathama asti-arthavAdI kahatA hai 'asti arthaH' 'kucha artha hai' aisA jo zabda zravaNa ke bAda arthasAmAnya pratIta hotA hai vahI zabdamAtra kA pratipAdya artha hai, aura koI vizeSa padArtha zabda kA vAcya nahIM hotA / udA0 .. astyAdivAdimatAni vAkyapadIye dvitIyakAMDe zlo0 117 ta: 132 madhye dRSTumarhANi /

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32 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nAkAraM vizeSa buddhiSu sanivezayanti kevalaM tatraitAvat pratIyate 'santi ke'pyarthAH yeSvapUrvAdayaH zabdAH prayujyante' tathA dRSTArtheSvapi gavAdizabdeSvetat tulyam, yatastebhyo'pyevaM pratItirupajAyate 'asti ko'pyarthoM yo gavAdizabdAbhidheyo gotvAdiH', yastu tatrAkAravizeSaparigrahaH keSAJcidupajAyate sa teSAM siddhAntabalAt na tu zabdAt / [2-samUdAyArthavAdimatam / apare "brAhmaNAdizabdaistapo-jAti-zrutAdisamudAyo vinA vikalpa-samuccayAbhyAmabhidhIyate yathA vanAdizabdairdhavAdayaH" ityAhuH / tathAhi 'vanam' ityukte 'dhavo (vA) khadiro vA' iti na vikalpena pratItirupajAyate nApi 'dhavazca khadirazca' iti samuccayena api tu sAmastyena pratIyante dhavAdayaH / tathA 'brAhmaNaH' ityukte 'tapo vA jAtirvA zrutaM vA' 'tapazca jAtizca zrutaM ca' iti na pratipattirbhavati, api tu sAkalyena sambanthyantaravyavacchinnAstapaHprabhRtayaH saMhatAH pratIyanta iti / bahuSvaniyataikasamudAyibhedAvadhAraNaM vikalpaH, ekatra yugapadabhisambadhyamAnasya niyatasyaikasya (syAnekasya) svarUpabhedAvadhAraNaM samuccayaH, tadvayatirekeNAtra pratipattirlokapratItaiva / jisa vastu kA kabhI darzana nahIM huA vaise apUrva (adaSTa) athavA devatAdi ke vAcaka zabdoM se koI vizeSa arthAkAra buddhi meM ArUDha nahIM hotA sirpha 'apUrva' Adi zabdoM ko suna kara vahA~ itanA hI bhAsa hotA hai ki ''aise kucha artha haiM ki jinake liye apUrva-Adi zabda prayukta hote haiM / isa udAharaNa kI taraha dhenu Adi arthoM ke liye prayukta gau-Adi zabdoM meM bhI samAnatA hai kayoMki yahA~ bhI gau AdizabdoM se bhI aisI hI pratIti utpanna hotI hai ki "hai koi aisA gotvAdi artha jo gau-Adizabda kA pratipAdya hai|" hA~ yahA~ jo viziSTa AkAra Adi kA bhI saha bhAna hotA hai vaha kevala apane siddhAnta kI vAsanA ke bala se hI hotA hai na ki zabda se / matalaba yaha hai ki "amuka viziSTa AkAra vAle piNDa ko gau kahate haiM" aisA siddhAnta (yA pUrvazikSA) jo apane manameM rUDha ho gayA hotA hai usakI vAsanA ke bala se hI viziSTa AkAra kA bhAna hotA hai na ki 'go' zabda se / 2 - samudAya hI zabdArtha hai* anya paMDitoM kA kahanA hai ki - 'brAhmaNa' Adi zabdoM se, na to vikalpa se yA na to samuccayarUpa se kintu samagratArUpa se tapa, jAti, zruta Adi guNoM ke samudAya kA nirUpaNa hotA hai / udA0 'vana' Adi zabdoM se dhavAdi kA nirUpaNa hotA hai / jaise dekhiye - 'vana' zabda bolane para, 'dhava athavA khadira kA vRkSa' isa prakAra koI vaikalpika pratIti nahIM hotI / evaM 'dhava aura khadira' aise samuccaya kI bhI pratIti nahIM hotI (vikalpa aura samuccaya kI vyAkhyA abhI Age likhate haiM) kintu samagratArUpa se dhavAdi ke samudAya kI pratIti hotI hai / isI taraha 'brAhmaNa' zabda bolane para 'tapa athavA jAti yA zruta' aisI vaikalpika pratIti nahIM hotI / evaM 'tapa aura jAti aura zruta' aise samuccaya kI bhI pratIti nahIM hotI / kiMtu saMpUrNarUpa se yuddhapriyatA Adi anya kSatriyAdisambandhi guNoM se vilakSaNa aise tapa Adi samudita ho kara samagratA rUpa se bhAsita hote haiM / vikalpa kA artha yaha hai ki - aneka padArthoM ke samudAya meM se aniyatarUpa se - yAnI icchAnusAra samudAyAntargata vizeSapadArtha kA nirdeza karanA / jaise ki dhava ko dekho yA khadira ke vRkSa ko dekho| samuccaya kA tAtparya yaha hai ki - kisI eka kriyA ke sAtha eka sAtha anvita hone vAle niyata aneka

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 [ 3. asatyasambandhapadArthavAdimatam ] apare "dravyatvAdibhiranirdhAritarUpairyaH sambandho dravyAdInAM sa zabdArthaH"" sa ca sambandhinAM zabdArthatvenAsatyatvAdasatya ityucyate / yadvA tapa:zrutAdInAM mecakavarNavadaikyena bhAsanAdeSAmeva parasparamasatyaH saMsargaH / tathAhi - ete pratyekaM samuditA vA na svena rUpeNopalabhyante kintvalAtacakravadeSAM samUhaH svarUpamutkramyAvabhAsate iti / [4. asatyopAdhisatyapadArthavAdimatam ] anye tvAhaH "yad asatyopAdhi satyaM sa zabdArthaH" tatra sa(1) zabdArthatvenA'satyA upAdhayo vizeSA valayA'GgulIyakAdayo yasya satyasya sarvabhedAnuyAyinaH suvarNAdisAmAnyAtmanastat satyamasatyopAdhi zabdapravRttinimittamabhidheyam / padArthoM meM se eka eka kA bhinna bhinna svarUpa se nirdeza karanA / jaise ki, dhava ko bhI dekho aura khadira ko bhI dekho - yahA~ eka hI darzanakriyA meM karmarUpa se anvita hone vAle niyata aneka padArtha dhava aura khadira kA bhinna bhinna svarUpa se nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / vana aura brAhmaNa zabda ko bolane para aniyata rUpa se yA niyata eka eka rUpa se dhavAdi kI athavA tapAdi kI vaikalpika yA samuccayarUpa se nahIM kiMtu usa se sarvathA vilakSaNa samagratArUpa se hI pratIti hotI hai, yaha bAta logoM meM bhI prasiddha hai / 3-asatyasambandha aura 4 - asatyopAdhisatya zabdArtha __ anya vidvAnoM kA yaha kahanA hai ki vivAdAspada svarUpavAle dravyatva jAti Adi ke sAtha jo dravyAdi kA sambandha mAnA jAtA hai vahI zabda kA vAcyArtha hai / isa sambandha ko asatya kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki usa ke sambandhibhUta dravyatvAdi zabdArtharUpa na hone se, zabdArtharUpa se ve satya nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki una kA sambandha bhI satya nahIM hai| athavA zabda se jo tapa-jAti-zruta Adi kA bhAna hotA hai vaha na to eka eka kA pRthak pRthak rUpa se hotA hai, na to samudAyAntargata eka eka samudAyi ke rUpa meM hotA hai, kintu raMgabIraMge vargoM kI bhA~ti saba mila kara ekAtmaka rUpa se bhAsita hote haiN| isaliye unake paraspara saMsarga ko asatya kahA jAtA hai| jaise alAtacakra meM eka hI jvAlA hotI hai kintu paribhramaNa ke kAraNa asatyabhUta aneka jvAlAoM kA ekarUpa meM bhAsa karAne vAlA asatyabhUta saMsarga bhAsita hotA hai / vaise hI asatya dravyatvAdi kA dravya ke sAtha asatya saMsarga zabda se bhAsita hotA hai / kucha vidvAna kahate haiM - asatya upAdhiyoM ke antargata jo satya chIpA rahatA hai vahI zabdArtharUpa hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki valayAvasthA, aMguThI avasthA ityAdi jo suvarNa ke vizeSa paryAya hote haiM ve asatya upAdhi rUpa hai kyoMki asthAyI hote haiM isI liye zabdArtharUpa nahIM hai| jaba ki una sabhI vizeSoM meM antargata sAmAnyarUpa suvarNa satya hotA hai kyoMki vaha trikAlasthAyI hotA hai / isaliye asatya upAdhiyoM meM chIpA huA jo satya hai vahI zabda kA pravRtti nimitta hai, vAcyArtha hai / yAnI sarvabhedAnugata jo sAmAnya hai vahI zabdArtha hai / ..sa cAtra tavyatirekeNAnupalambhAdasatyabhUta evocyate -[vAkyapa. kA 25. 21.soka 126 puNyarAjaTIkA)

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34 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam [5 - abhijalpapadArthavAdimatam ] anye tu bruvate . "zabda evAbhijalpatvamAgataH zabdArthaH" iti / sa cAbhijalpaH 'zabda evArthaH' ityevaM zabde arthasya nivezanam 'so'yam' ityabhisambandhaH, tasmAd yadA zabdasyArthena sahakIkRtaM rUpaM bhavati taM svIkRtAkAraM zabdamabhijalpamityAhuH / [6 - buddhyArUDhAkArapadArthavAdimatam ] anye tu "buddhayArUDhamevAkAraM bAhyavastuviSayaM bAhyavastutayA gRhItaM buddhirUpatvenA'vibhAvitaM zabdArtham" AhuH / tathAhi - yAvad buddhirUpamartheSvapratyastaM 'buddhirUpameva' iti tattvabhAvanayA gRhyate tAvat tasya zabdArthatvaM nAvasIyate tatra kriyAvizeSasambandhAbhAvAt / na hi 'gAmAnaya' 'dadhi khAda' ityAdikAH kriyAstAdRzi buddhirUpe sambhavanti, kriyAyogasambhavI cArthaH zabdairabhidhIyate, ato buddhirUpatayA gRhIto'sau na zabdArthaH, yadA tu bAhye vastuni pratyasto bhavati tadA tasmin pratipattA bAhyatayA viparyastaH kriyAsAdhanasAmarthya tasya manyata iti bhavati zabdArthaH / 5. abhijalpaprApta zabda hI zabdArtha hai* anya kucha paMDita kahate haiM - 'abhijalpatva ko prApta huA zabda hI zabdArtha hai|' - isa vidhAna meM abhijalpa kA artha yaha hai ki 'yaha vahI hai' isa prakAra ke adhyAsAtmaka anusandhAna se 'zabda hI artha hai' isa prakAra kA jo zabda meM artha kA abhiniveza (yAnI zabda meM artha kA bauddhika ekIkaraNa) phalata: zabda kA artha ke sAtha ekIkaraNAtmaka jo rUpa hai usa rUpa ko yAnI ekIkaraNa dvArA arthAkAra ko dhAraNa kara lene vAle zabda ko hI 'abhijalpatva ko prApta huA' (aisA) kahA jAtA hai / isaliye vaha abhijalpAtmaka zabda hI zabdArtha hai / tAtparya, arthA bhedAropArUDha jo zabda hai vahI zabdArtha hai| 6 - bAhyavasturUpa se adhyasta buddhigatAkAra zabdArtha ____anya paMDitoM kA kahanA hai ki - buddhi meM ArUDha jo bAhyavastuviSayaka arthAkAra hotA hai vahI jaba buddhirUpa se ajJAta rahakara bAhya vasturUpa se hI bhAsatA hai taba zabdArtha kahA jAtA hai / jaise sociye - buddhirUpa vaha arthAkAra jaba bAhyavasturUpa meM na bhAsatA huA 'yaha to buddhirUpa hI hai' isa prakAra ke tAttvika darzana se buddhirUpa se yAnI sva-rUpa se hI pahacAnA jAtA hai to usa meM zabdArthatA kA bhAsa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki buddhirUpa se avagata arthAkAra meM vAstavika yA AbhimAnika AnayanAdi kriyAvizeSa kA sambandha vidyamAna hI nahIM hotA / 'gau ko lAo' 'dahIM ko khAo' yahA~ lAne kI yA khAne kI kriyA jo bhAsita hotI hai vaha buddhi meM to ho nahIM sakatI / dUsarI aura yaha hakIkata hai ki zabdoM se aisA hI artha pratipAdita hotA hai jisa meM kriyAsambandha kA sambhava ho / isaliye buddhirUpa jaba sva-rUpa se pahacAnA jAya taba to zabdArtharUpa nahIM ho sakatA / kintu jaba vaha bhAsamAna (baddhirUpa) AkAra bAhyavasta meM hI hone kA abhimAna ho jAya taba jJAtA ko bAhya vasturUpa se hI usa kA bhramajJAna hotA hai, ata: usa vakta usa meM lAne-khAne kI kriyA kA sAmarthya bhI jJAtA mAna baiThatA hai / isa liye bAhyavasturUpa se jJAta buddhirUpa AkAra hI zabdArtha ho sakatA hai / buddhigatAkAravAda aura apohavAda meM bheda prazna : 'buddhiAkAra zabdArtharUpa hai' yaha mata aura 'anyApoha hI zabdArtha hai' yaha mata ina donoM meM kyA

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 nanu cApohavAdipakSAdasya ko vizeSaH ? tathAhi - apohavAdinA'pi buddhayAkAro bAhyarUpatayA gRhItaH zabdArtha itIpyata eva / yathoktam - * tadrUpAropamanyAnyavyAvRttyAdhigataiH punaH / zabdArtho'rthaH sa eveti vacane na virudhyate // iti / naitadasti, ayaM hi buddhayAkAravAdI bAhye vastunyabhrAntaM saviSayaM dravyAdiSu pAramArthikeSvadhyastaM buddhayAkAraM paramArthataH zabdArthamicchati na punarA(na tu nirA)lambanaM mineSvabhedAdhyavasAyena pravRttentimitaretarabhedanibandhanamabhyupaiti, yadA tu yathA'smAbhirucyate [saH] sarvo mithyAvabhAsoyamarthe [itIpyata eva yathokteSvekAtmakagrahaH / itaretarabhedo'sya bIjaM saMjJA yadaryikA // [ta0saM0 paMjikA pR0 285] iti tadA siddhasAdhyatA / yad vakSyati - "itaretarabhedo'sya bIjaM cet pakSa eSa naH" // [ta0saM0 kA0 904] iti / bheda rahA ? apohavAdI bhI buddhirUpa se nahIM kintu bAhyarUpa se gRhIta buddhi-AkAra ko hI zabdArtharUpa mAnate haiN| jaise ki pramANavArttika meM kahA hai - 'tadrUpa' yAnI artha ke aMzabhUta apoha kI Aropagati se yAnI 'eka hI hai' aise adhyavasAya se anyavyAvRtta artha kI adhigati yAnI bodha hotA hai isaliye vaha apoha hI zabdArtha hai phira bhI vahA~ Aropa ke prabhAva se buddhiAkAra hI vyAvRtta artharUpa se pratIta hone ke kAraNa buddhiAkAra hI (sa eva) artha yAnI zabdArtha hai aisA kahane meM kucha virodha nahIM hai / ' __isa taraha pramANavArtika meM bhI buddhiAkAra ko zabdArtha mAnane kI bAta hai / to prastuta buddhiAkAra-vAdI aura apohavAdI meM kyA aMtara paDA ? kucha nahIM ! uttara : nahIM, aisA nahIM hai / yaha jo buddhiAkAra ko zabdArtha mAnanevAlA vAdI hai vaha to buddhiAkAra ko bAhyavastusparzI hone se abhrAnta, saviSayaka aura pAramArthika sadbhUta dravyAdi se sambaddha mAnatA hai aura use pAramArthika zabdArtharUpa mAnatA hai, kAlpanika nahIM / jaba ki apohavAdI ke mata meM apohAtmakazabdArtha asat hone se buddhiAkAra nirviSayaka hotA hai aura bhinna bhinna svalakSaNa meM abhedAlambI hone se bhrAnta bhI hotA hai, vaha pAramArthika svalakSaNa se janya nahIM hotA kintu viSayavidhayA paraspara vyAvRtti se janya hotA hai / hA~ - yadi apohavAdI kA tAtparya sirpha itanA hI kahane meM ho ki 'bhinna bhinna arthoM meM ekarUpatA yAnI sAmAnyarUpatA kA graha mithyAvabhAsarUpa hai' to yahA~ vaha siddha ko hI sAdhya kara rahA hai kyoMki hama bhI aisA kahate hI haiM ki - "arthoM meM ekAtmatA ko viSaya karane vAlA grahamAtra mithyAvabhAsarUpa hai aura anyonyavyAvRtti hI usa kA bIja hai, saMjJA yAnI zabda bhI usI artha meM yAnI sAmAnyaviSayI graha meM saMketita hai" - tathA Age bhI kahA jAyegA ki - "yadi anyonyavyAvRtti ko usa kA bIja mAnate ho to yaha to hamArA hI pakSa hai| paSTa bAta yaha hai ki apohavAdI pAramArthika rUpa se kisI bhI buddhiAkAra yA anya kisI cIja ko zabdavAcya mAnatA hI nahIM / vaha kahatA hai ki zAbdabuddhi meM adhyavasAya ke viSayarUpa meM jo bhAsatA ho usI * ayaM tatvasaMgrahoddhRtaH zlokaH atra lipikAradoSeNa koSThagatapAThAdhikyAdrikRta iva saMjAta iti vibhAvanIyam / tadrUpAropagatyAnyavyAvRttyadhigateH punaH / zabdArtho'rthaH sa eveti vacane na virudhyate / 161 / iti prmaannvaattike| *tasmAnmithyA vikalpo'yamaryeSvekAtmatAgrahaH / itaretarabhedo'sya bIjaM saMjJA yadarthikA // 3 // iti pramANavArtike /

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam na cApohavAdinA paramArthataH kiJcid vAcyaM buddhyAkAro'nyo vA zabdAnAmiSyate / tathAhi yadeva zAbde pratyaye'dhyavasIyamAnatayA pratibhAsate sa zabdArthaH / na ca buddhyAkAraH zAbdapratyayenA'dhyavasIyate / kiM tarhi ? bAhyamevArthakriyAkAri vastu / na cApi tena bAhyaM paramArthato'dhyavasIyate yathAtattvamanadhyavasAyAd yathAdhyavasAyamatattvAd, ataH samAropita eva zabdArthaH / yacca samAropitaM tanna kiJcid bhAvato'bhidhIyate zabdaiH / yat punaruktam ' zabdArtho'rthaH sa eveti' tat samAropitamevArthamabhisandhAya, buddhyAkAravAdinA tu buddhyAkAraH paramArthato vAcya iSyata iti mahAn vizeSaH / 36 [ 7 - pratibhApadArthavAdimatam ] anye tvAhu:-- " abhyAsAt pratibhAhetuH zabdo na tu bAhyArthapratyAyakaH" iti / zabdasya kvacid viSaye punaH punaH pravRttidarzanamabhyAsaH, niyatasAdhanAvacchinnakriyApratipattyanukulA prajJA pratibhA, prayogadarzanAvRttisahitena zabdena janyate, prativAkyaM pratipuruSaM ca sA bhidyate, yathaiva hAMkuzAdighAtAdayo hastyAdInAmarthapratipattau kriyAmANAyAM pratibhAhetavo bhavanti tathA zabdArtha ( sarve'rtha ) vattvasaMmatA vRkSAdayaH zabdA ko zabdArtha mAnanA cAhiye / buddhiAkAra adhyavasAyaviSaya ke rUpa meM zAbdabuddhi meM nahIM bhAsatA kiMtu [ ApAtata: ] arthakriyAkAri bAhya vastu hI adhyavasita hotI hai| paramArtha se to vaha bAhya vastu bhI adhyavasita nahIM hotI, kyoMki bAhya vastu to atyanta vilakSaNa svalakSaNAtmakarUpa hotI hai aura usa vizeSarUpa se to adhyavasAya zAbdabuddhi meM hotA nahIM hai / zAbdabuddhi meM to sAmAnyarUpa se adhyavasAya hotA hai kintu vaha pAramArthika tattva nahIM hai / isa kA matalaba yahI huA ki zabdArtharUpa se jo adhyavasita hotA hai vaha vAsanA se Aropita yAnI kalpita hI hotA hai / kalpita vastu to sarvathA asat hai isaliye paramArthadRSTi se to zabdoM ke dvArA kucha bhI pratipAdita nahIM hotA hai| phira bhI pahale jo tadrUpAropa... kArikA meM kahA thA ki 'zabdArtho'rtha sa eva' yAnI 'buddhi AkAra hI zabdArtha hai' vaha to kalpita artha ko lakSya meM rakha kara hI kahA hai / eka ora apohavAdI isa prakAra zabdavAcya kucha bhI nahIM mAnatA, jaba ki buddhiAkAravAdI to paramArtharUpa se buddhiAkAra ko hI zabdavAcya mAnatA hai - yaha una donoM meM mahAn antara hai / 7 - pratibhApadArtha zabdArtha hai anya logoM kA kahanA hai ki 'abhyAsa ke mAdhyama se zabda pratibhA ko utpanna karatA hai, itanA hI tathya hai aura vahI vAcyArtha hai / ' abhyAsa = kisI eka viSaya ke sambandha meM amuka zabda kI pravRtti hotI huI bAra bAra dekhanA isa ko abhyAsa kahate haiM / pratibhA amuka hI prakAra ke niyata (ghaTAdirUpa) sAdhana se viziSTa jalAharaNAdi karttavya kA bodha karAnevAlI prajJA ko pratibhA kahate haiM / zabdaprayoga ke darzana kI bAra bAra punarAvRtti ke dvArA zabda se hI yaha pratibhA utpanna hotI hai / matalaba yaha huA ki zabda sirpha pratibhA ke utpAdana meM caritArtha hai / artha ke sAtha usa kA koI sambandha nahIM hai / bhinna bhinna vAkya se bhinna bhinna pratibhA utpanna hotI hai itanA hI nahIM eka vAkya se bhI bhinna bhinna zrotA ko bhinna bhinna pratibhA utpanna hotI hai / jaise hAthI, baila Adi ko kucha arthabodha karAte samaya aMkuzaprahAra Adi kiye jAte haiM to una se hAthI Adi ko kucha pratibhA utpanna hotI hai, ( ki aba mujhe ruka jAnA cAhiye - calanA cAhiye.....ityAdi) isI taraha arthasabhara mAne jAne vAle sabhI vRkSAdi zabda pUrvAbhyAsa ke mutAbika sirpha pratibhA utpAdana ke hetu Jain Educationa International - = For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 yathAbhyAsaM pratibhAmAtropasaMhArahetavo bhavanti na tvarthaM sAkSAt pratipAdayanti, anyathA hi kathaM parasparavyAhatAH pravacanabhedA utpAdyakathAprabandhAca svavikalpoparacitapadArthabhedadyotakAH syuriti ? [1 - astyarthavAdimatanirasanam ] atra pratividadhati - yadyastyarthaH pUrvoditasvalakSaNAdisvabhAva ISyate tadA pUrvoditadoSaprasaMgaH / kiM ca, anirdhAritavizeSarUpatvAdastyarthasya tasmin kevale zabdaiH pratipAdyamAne 'gauH' 'gavayaH' 'gajaH' ityAdibhedena vyavahAro na syAt tasya zabdaipratipAditatvAt / na ca gozabdAt gotvaviziSTasyArthasya sattAmAtrasya zAbaleyatvAdibhedarahitasya pratIterbhedena vyavahAro bhaviSyatIti pratipAdayituM zakyam, abhyupagamavirodhAt - gozabdAdastyarthamAtraparityAgena gavAdivizeSasya pratipattyabhyupagamAt / atha viSANAdevizeSasya hote haiM / arthoM ke sAtha unakA nirUpaNAdi koI sambandha nahIM hotA / agara vAstava meM hI zabda kisI niyata artha kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA hotA to bhinna bhinna darzanoM meM jo eka hI zabda kA parasparaviruddha artha samajhA jAtA hai yaha kabhI na hotA, evaM apane apane abhiprAyoM ke anusAra race gaye (yAnI mAne gaye) padArthoM meM bheda kA sUcaka jo vividha navina navina kathA-prabandha dekhe jAte haiM ve bhI kaise hote ? 1 - asti artha zabdArtha nahIM hai* uparokta sAta matoM kA aba nirasana kramaza: dIkhAte hue kahate haiM - zabda kA jo 'asti' rUpa artha batAyA hai vaha pUrvokta svalakSaNAdirUpa [yAnI svalakSaNa, jAti, jAtiyoga, jAtimAna yA buddhiAkAra] abhipreta ho taba to una meM jo pahale doSa kahA gayA hai (178-25) saMketa kA asambhava - vaha yahA~ bhI labdhAvakAza rahegA / taduparAMta mAtra 'asti' rUpa antimasAmAnya mAtra ko hI zabda vAcya mAneMge to 'go' Adi vizeSarUpa kA avadhAraNa na hone se loka meM jo gau - gavaya - hasti ityAdi kA bhinna bhinna vyavahAra hotA hai vaha azakya bana jAyegA kyoMki zabda se gotvAdi vizeSarUpa kA bhAna to hotA nahIM / yadi aisA kaheM ki - "zabda kA sAmAnya artha sattAmAtra hone para bhI gozabda se gotvaviziSTa sattAmAtrarUpa artha kI pratIti hotI hai usa samaya zveta yA kAlA aisA vizeSarUpa pratIta nahIM hotA hai - isaliye pratiniyata zveta yA kAle gopiMDa kA vyavahAra na hone para bhI gotvaviziSTa kA bhinna vyavahAra ho sakegA' - to yaha kahanA bhI Apake liye azakya hai -- kyoMki Apane zabdamAtra se sirpha 'asti' rUpa artha kI hI pratIti hone kA kahA hai usake sAtha virodha hogA, kyoMki aba to Apane gozabda se 'asti' mAtra artha ko choDa kara gotvAdivizeSa asti - artha kA pratipAdana maMjura kara liyaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "gozabda se viSANAdi avayavavizeSa kI pratIti na mAna kara sirpha 'go ke astitva' ko hI hama gozabda kA vAcya mAnate haiM' - to isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki Apa ko gozabda se gotvaviziSTa asti-artha kA pratipAdana maMjura hai / tAtparya yaha huA ki Apa gotvAdi jAtivAn artha ko zabdavAcya mAnate haiN| kintu Apa jAnate haiM ki jAti aura usa ke samavAya sambandha kA pahale hI hamane niSedha kara diyA hai, isaliye jAtivAn artha hI svayaM asambhavagrasta hai to 'usameM saMketa kA asambhavarUpa pUrvokta doSa jaisA kA taisA hai / uparAMta yadi usa jAtivAn artha ko Apa svalakSaNarUpa mAneMge to usameM pahale jo doSa dikhAye haiM - saMketa kA asambhava, vyavahArabAhyatA aura spaSTAvabhAsa kA na honA ve yahA~ bhI gale paDeMge / agara usa jAtivAn artha

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam gozabdAdapratIterastyarthavAcakatvaM zabdasyAbhipretam, nanvevaM yadA gotvAdinA viziSTamarthamAtramucyate iti mataM tadA tadvato'rthasyAbhidhAnamaGgIkRtaM syAt, tatra ca jAtestatsamavAyasya ca niSedhAt tadvato'rthasyAsambhavaH iti pUrvokto doSaH / kiMca tadvato'rthasya svalakSaNAtmakatvAdazakyasamayatvamavyavahAryatvamaspaSTAvabhAsaprasaGgazca pUrvavadApadyata eva svalakSaNAdivyatirekeNAnyo'styartho nirUpyamANo na buddhau pratibhAtItyasyA'sattvameva / [ 2 - samudAyapadArthavAdimatanirasanam ] samudAyAbhidhApakSe tu jAterbhedAnAM ca tapaHprabhRtInAmabhidhAnamaGgIkRtamiti pratyekAbhidhAnapakSabhAvino doSAH sarve yugapat prApnuvantIti na tatpakSAbhyupagamo'pi zreyAn / [ 3-4 asatyasambandha-asatyopAdhisatyapadArthanirasanam ] 'asatyasambandha-asatyopAdhisatya' iti pakSadvaye ca saMyogasamavAyalakSaNasya sambandhasya niSiddhatvAt sAmAnyasya ca triguNAtmakasya satyasyA'vyatiriktasya, vyatiriktasyApyasambhavAt nAsatyaH saMyogaH nApyasatyopAdhi sAmAnyaM zabdavAcyaM sambhavati / 38 [ 5-6 abhijalpabuddhyArUDhAkArapadArthavAdimatadvayanirasanam ] abhijalpapakSe'pi yadi zabdasya kazcidarthaH sambhavet tadA tena sahaikIkaraNaM bhavedapi, svalakSaNAko Apa svalakSaNa se bhinna mAneMge to vaha asat hI hogA kyoMki svalakSaNabhitra koi astirUpa artha zabdavAcya ho aisA kabhI buddhi meM AyA nahIM hai / 2 - samudAya zabdArtha nahIM hai brAhmaNAdizabdoM se tapa-jAti zrutAdi kA samudAya dhvanita hotA hai - isa pakSa meM jAti aura tapa Adi kA pratipAdana mAnya kiyA gayA hai, kintu isa pakSa kI mAnyatA bhI zreyaskarI nahIM hai cU~ki jAti Adi eka eka ke pakSa meM jo doSa pahale dikhAye gaye haiM ve saba eka sAtha isa pakSa meM laga jAyeMge / svalakSaNa kI taraha jAti yA jAtimAna Adi meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai ityAdi doSa pahale kaha diye haiM / 3 - 4 asatyasambandha, asatyopAdhisatya zabdArtha nahIM tIsare pakSa meM kahA thA ki anirdhArita svarUpavAle dravyatvAdi ke sAtha jo dravyAdi kA sambandha hotA hai vahI zabda kA vAcya hai / evaM cauthe pakSa meM kahA thA ki satya upAdhiyoM ke antargata jo satya chIpA rahatA hai vahI zabda kA vAcyArtha hai- ye donoM pakSa ThIka nahIM haiM / kAraNa tIsare pakSa meM saMyoga yA samavAyarUpa koI bhI sambandha kahA jAya, kintu hamane pahale hI usa kA pratiSedha kara diyA hai isaliye asatya saMyoga (yA samavAya) zabda kA vAcyArtha nahIM ho sakatA / cauthe pakSa meM asatya upAdhiyoM ke bIca chIpe hue satya ko yadi sAmAnyatattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kareMge to bAta yaha hai ki sAMkhya kI taraha sattvarajastamasa kI sAmyAvasthA rUpa sAmAnya ko una upAdhiyoM se abhinna mAneMge yA naiyAyikoM kI taraha bhinna kisI bhI vikalpa meM aise sAmAnyarUpa satya kI sambhAvanA zakya na hone se asatya upAdhiyoM meM chIpe hue satya ko zabda kA vAcyArtha kahanA sambhava nahIM hai / 5 - 6 abhijalpa aura buddhi- AkAra zabdArtha nahIM hai pA~cave abhijalpa pakSa meM jo ' zabda kA artha ke sAtha ekIkaraNa' kI bAta kahI hai vaha tabhI saMbhava

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 disvarUpasya ca zabdArthasyA'sambhavaH prAk pradarzita iti kathaM tenaikIkaraNam ? api cAyamabhijalpo buddhistha eva / tathAhi - bAhyArthayoH (bAhyayoH) zabdArthayobhinendriyagrAhyatvAdibhyo bhedasya siddhestayoraikyApAdanaM paramArthato'yuktameveti buddhisthayoreva zabdArthayorekabuddhigatatvAdekIkaraNaM yuktam / tathAhi - upagRhItAbhidheyAkAratirobhUtazabdasvabhAvo buddhau viparivarttamAnaH zabdAtmA svarUpAnugatamarthamavibhAgenAntaHsanivezayanabhijalpa ucyate, sa ca buddharAtmagata evAkAro yukto na bAhyaH, tasyaikAntena parasparaM viviktasvabhAvatvAt, tatazca buddhizabdArthapakSAdanantarokkAdasya na kazcid bhedaH, ubhayatrApi bauddha evArthaH / etAvanmAnaM tu bhidyate - 'zabdArthAvekIkRtau' iti / doSastu samAna eva "jJAnAdavyatiriktaM ca kathamarthAntaraM vrajet" ? [pra. vA0 3-71 pRSTha 282] iti / [7 - pratibhApadArthavAdimatanirasanam ] pratibhApakSe tu yadi sA paramArthato bAhyArthaviSayA tadaikatra vastuni zabdAdau viruddhasamayAvasthAyinAM vicitrAH pratibhA na prApnuvanti, ekasyAnekasvabhAvA'sambhavAt / atha nirviSayA tadArthe pravRtti-pratipattI hai jaba zabda kA vAstavika koI artha ho / pahale hI kaha diyA hai ki svalakSaNa, jAti Adi meM se koI bhI zabda kA vAcyArtha ghaTatA nahIM hai to phira kisa ke sAtha ekIkaraNa ko mAneMge ? uparAMta, yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki 'abhijalpa' buddhi meM hI antargata hai / dekhiye - bAhya zabda aura bAhya artha donoM bhinna bhinna indriyoM kA viSaya hai - bAhya zabda zrotrendriya kA viSaya hai jaba ki bAhya artha cakSu Adi indriya kA viSaya hai - isaliye bAhya artha aura bAhya zabda meM bheda siddha hone se, una meM ekIkaraNa siddha karane kA prayAsa vAstava meM ayukta hai / hA~, buddhigata (abhijalpAtmaka) zabda aura buddhigata artha - ye donoM eka hI buddhi meM anta:sthita hone se una donoM kA aikya kiyA jAya to vaha yukta hai / vaha isaliye ki, buddhi meM vivarttamAna zabda jaba apane zabdAtmaka svarUpa ko gauNa banA kara abhidheyasvarUpa arthAkAra ko dhAraNa kara letA hai aura apane svarUpa se tAdAtmyApana artha ko apRthagbhAva se buddhi meM saMnihita karatA hai taba use hI abhijalpa kahA jAtA hai| aisA abhijalpasvarUpa zabda buddhi ke svagata AkAra ke rUpa meM hI ghaTa sakatA hai, bAhyapadArtha rUpa meM nahIM kyoMki bAhyapadArtha se to usakA svabhAva atyanta bhinna hai / jaba isa prakAra abhijalpAtmaka zabda buddhi meM hI anta:sthita hai to phira jisa chaThe pakSa meM buddhi ko hI zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnA gayA hai usa pakSa se isa abhijalpa pakSa meM kyA antara rahA ? donoM pakSa meM buddhigata artha hI zabda kA vAcyArtha phalita hotA hai / hA~ bheda hai to sirpha itanA hI hai ki abhijalpa pakSa meM 'buddhigata zabda ke buddhigata artha ke sAtha ekIkaraNa' kI bAta hai jo buddhi-zabdArtha pakSameM nahIM hai / doSa to donoM pakSa meM samAna hI hai aura vaha yahI hai ki eka buddhi yA artha se abhinna aise zabda yA artha kA anya buddhi yA artha ke prati gamana to hotA nahIM hai arthAt usa ke sAtha koI sambandha to hotA nahIM to phira eka zabda se saMketa dvArA vartamAna meM kisI eka artha kI pratIti hone para bhI anya tathAvidha zabda se kAlAntara meM anya arthoM kI pratIti kA honA kaise zakya hogA ? *7-pratibhA zabdArtha nahIM hai* pratibhApakSa meM jo kahA gayA hai ki - 'zabda sAkSAt artha kA pratipAdana nahIM karatA kintu pratibhA ko hI janma detA hai' - yaha bhI ThIka nahIM kyoMki yahA~ prazna hogA ki pratibhA bAhyArthaviSayaka hotI hai yA nahIM ? yadi pratibhA vAstava meM bAhyArtha ko sparza karatI hai to eka hI zabdAdi vastu meM paraspara viruddha bhinna bhinna

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na prApnutaH, atadviSayatvAcchabdasya / atha svapratibhAso(se)'narthe'rthAdhyavasAyena prAntyA te pravRtti-pratipattI bhavatastadA bhrAntaH zabdArthaH prApnoti, tasyAzca bIjaM vaktavyam, anyathA sA sarvatra sarvadA bhavet / yadi punarbhAvAnAM parasparato bheda eva bIjamasyAstadA'smatpakSa eva samarthitaH syAditi siddhasAdhyatA / kiMca sarvametat svalakSaNAdikaM zabdaviSayatvenAbhyupagamyamAnaM kSaNikam akSaNikaM veti ? AyapakSe saMketakAladRSTasya vyavahArakAlAnanvayAna tatra samayaH saprayojanaH / akSaNikapakSe ca 'nAkramAt kramiNo bhAvaH' [pra. vA. 1-45 pRSTha * 23] iti zabdArthaviSayasya kramikajJAnasyAbhAvaprasaktiH / [ vivakSApadArthavAdimatamullikhya tanirasanam ] anye tvAhuH - 'arthavivakSAM zabdo'numApayati' iti / yathoktam 'anumAnaM vivakSAyAH zabdAdanyanna vidyate' [ ] iti / atrApi yadi paramArthato vivakSA pAramArthikazabdArthaviSayeSyate, tadasiddham, zabda se vicitra yAnI bhinna bhinna pratibhA kA janma hotA hai - vaha kaise banegA ? eka zabda eka hI pratibhA kA janaka svabhAva ho sakatA hai, bhinna bhinna pratibhA janaka aneka svabhAva eka hI zabda meM kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi pratibhA ko nirviSaya mAneMge to usa ko bAhyArtha ke sAtha kucha bhI sambandha na hone se pratibhA ke dvArA zabda se jo bAhyArtha meM pratIti aura pravRtti hotI hai ye donoM nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki zabda pratibhA ke dvArA tattadarthaviSayaka hai nahIM / ____ agara aisA kaheM ki - zabda se jo svaviSayaka pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha bAhyArthasparzI hone para bhI usameM bhrAnti se bAhyArtha kA adhyavasAya ho jAne se, isa prakAra zabda se pratIti aura pravRtti donoM zakya hai - to isakA matalaba yaha huA ki zabda se jo arthabodha hotA hai vaha bhramarUpa hai, aba yahA~ dIkhAnA paDegA ki isa bhrama kA bIja = heta kyA hai? agara vinA heta kehI bhrama hotA rahegA to aisA bhama prati: ke bAre meM hotA calegA / agara kaheM ki (zabda se pratIta hone vAlI) padArthoM meM rahI huI paraspara bhinnatA hI aise bhramoM kA hetu hai to aba hamAre pakSa kA hI Apane zaraNa le liyA kyoMki hama yahI kahate haiM ki paraspara vyAvRtti vAstava meM zabdavAcya hotI hai aura una vyAvRttiyoM ke bodha se hI vyAvRtta arthoM kA bhAna hotA hai jise Apa bhrama kahate ho| taduparAMta, yaha mukhya prazna hai ki zabda ke vAcya rUpa meM mAne jAne vAle ye sabhI svalakSaNAdi artha kSaNika haiM yA akSaNika (yAnI cirasthAyI) ? prathama pakSa meM saMketa niSprayojana ho jAne kI Apatti hogI kyoMki jisa vyakti ko saMketakAla meM dekhI hai vaha vyavahArakAla meM to gAyaba ho jAne vAlI hai| yadi akSaNika mAneMge to 'nAkramAt kramiNo bhAvaH' isa pramANavArtika kI ukti ke anusAra ve kramika na hone se, una se honevAle kArya bhI kramika na ho kara eka sAtha hI sabhI kAryoM kI utpatti prasakta hogI / tAtparya, una padArthoM se eka sAtha hI zabdavAcya sabhI arthoM kA jJAna ho jaayegaa| zabda se arthavivakSA kA anumAna anya vAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki zabda se vaktA kI arthavivakSA kA anumAna hotA hai| jaise ki kahA gayA hai - 'zabda se vivakSA kA anumAna hotA hai aura kucha nahIM' / T PINT

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 svalakSaNAdeH zabdArthasya kasyacidasambhavAt, ato na kavacidarthe paramArthe vivakSA'sti, anvayino'rthasyAbhAvAt / nApi tatpratipAdakaH zabdaH sambhavati / yadAha - 'kva vA zruti:' [ta0 saM0 907 ] na ca vivakSAyAM pratipAdyAyAM zabdAd bahirarthe pravRttiH prApnoti, tasyA'preritatvAt arthAntaravat / na ca vivakSAparivarttino bAhyasya ca sArUpyAdaprerite'pi tatra tataH pravRttiryamalakavat sarvadA bAhye pravRtterayogAt, kadAcit vivakSAparivarttinyapi prerite pravRttiprasakteryamalakayoriva / atha paramArthataH svapratibhAsAnubhave'pi vakturevamadhyavasAyo bhavati 'mayA'smai bAhya evArthaH pratipAdyate' zroturapyevamadhyavasAyaH 'mamAyaM bAhyameva pratipAdayati' iti atastaimirikadvayadvicandradarzanavadayaM zAbdo vyavahAra iti / yadyevamasmatpakSa eva samAzrita iti kathaM na siddhasAdhyatA ? zabdastu liGgabhUto vivakSAmanumApayatItyabhyupagamyata eva yathA dhUmo'gnim / isa mata meM yaha vikalpa hai ki yadi artha ko vAstavikarUpa se zabdavAcya mAna kara anumita vivakSA ko tathAvidhazabdArthaviSayaka bhI mAneMge to yaha siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda kA koI bhI svalakSaNAdi vAstavika vAcyArtha hai nahIM to phira vAstavika rUpa se tathAvidhazabdArtha ko sparzane vAlI vivakSA bhI kaise ghaTa sakatI hai ? jaba ki vivakSA aura zabda donoM kA sambandhi ho aisA koI sAdhAraNa artha to hai nahIM jisase zabda kA artha vivakSA kA bhI viSaya bane / jaba isa taraha arthavivakSA hI asaMgata hai to zabda vivakSA kA pratipAdaka yAnI anumAnakAraka bhI nahIM mAna sakate haiM ? jaise ki tattvasaMgrahakAra ne kahA hai 'kva vA zrutiH' ? arthAt zruti ( zabda) ko kisa viSaya meM, kauna se artha meM mAnA jAya ? 41 dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vivakSA ko zabda kA pratipAdya mAneMgeM to zrotA kI pravRtti ( vivakSA meM hogI kintu ) bAhya artha ke liye nahIM hogI, kyoMki bAhyArtha meM zabda dvArA koI preraNA (sUcanA ) hotI nahIM / udA0 zabda ke dvArA vastra ke liye preraNA kI jAya to miTTI (jo ki zabda se aprerita hai usa ) ke liye koI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai / yadi kaheM ki 'vivakSAvartI artha aura bAhya artha donoM meM AkArAdi kA sAmya hai, isaliye bAhya artha sAkSAt zabdaprerita na hone para bhI vivakSita artha ke sAmya ke kAraNa bAhyArtha meM pravRtti ho sakegI / jaise ekasAtha navajAta zizu yugala meM anyonya atyadhika sAmya rahane se, zabda ke dvArA eka kA nirdeza karane para, dUsare meM pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa, bAhyArtha meM hI sadA aisI bhrAnta pravRtti hotI rahe aisA koI niyama na hone se kisI vakta zabda se sAkSAt prerita vivakSAvarttIartha ke liye bhI pravRtti hone kI Apatti ho sakatI hai| jaise ki navajAta zizuyugala meM kisI eka kA zabda se nirdeza karane para zrotA kI usa nirdiSTa zizu ke prati hI pravRtti hotI hai / / ' - yadi aisA kahA jAya ki " vAstava meM zabda ke dvArA vaktA evaM zrotA ko kramazaH apane apane vivakSA yA anumiti ke pratibhAsa kA hI anubhava hotA hai / phira bhI nisargataH vaktA ko aisA adhyavasAya (abhimAna) hotA hai ki 'maiM isa (zrotA) ko bAhya artha ke prati nirdeza kara rahA hU~' / tathA zrotA ko bhI aisA adhyavasAya hotA hai ki 'yaha (vaktA) mujhe bAhya artha ke prati nirdeza kara rahA hai' / jaise timira roga vAle do AdamIyoM ko do candra dikhAI detA hai taba paraspara vyavahAra bhI do candra kA hI calatA hai, bhale hI vaha bhrAnta ho / isI taraha vaktA aura zrotA meM bhI paraspara bAhyArthasambandhi vyavahAra calatA rahatA hai / " to isa kathana se

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zrI sammati tarkaprakaraNam [ vaibhASikamataM nirdizya tanirasanam ] - etena vaibhASikospi zabdaviSayaM nAmAkhyamarthacihnarUpaM viprayuktaM saMskAramicchannirastaH / tathAhi - tannAmAdi yadi kSaNikaM tadA'nvayA'yogaH / akSaNikatve kramijJAnAnupapattiH, bAhye ca pravRttyabhAvaH, sArUpyAt pravRttau na sarvadA bAhya eva pravRttiH / 42 azakyasamayo hyAtmA nAmAdInAmananyabhAk / teSAmato na "cAnyatvaM kathazcidupapadyate // [ ] ityAdeH sarvasya samAnatvAt / tadevam ' azakyasamayatvAt' ityasya hetornAsiddhatA / nApyanaikAntikatvaviruddhatve / tat siddham 'apohakRcchandaH' iti / hamAre pakSa kI hI zaraNAgati siddha hotI hai kyoMki zabda kA bAhyArtha ke sAtha kucha bhI sambandha na hone para bhI bhrAnti se tadviSayaka vyavahAra hone kI bAta pahale hI kaha Aye haiM to yahA~ siddhasAdhyatA kA doSa kyoM nahIM hogA ? jaise dhUma se agnimAtra kI anumiti hotI hai, vaha agni tRNajanita hai yA parNajanita ityAdi kI anumiti nahIM hotI, isI taraha zabda rUpa liMga se sirpha vivakSA (vaktA ko kucha kahane kI icchA hai itane) mAtra kI anumiti hotI hai kintu vaha vivakSA vastrasaMbandhi hai yA miTTIsambandhi aisA kucha bhAna anumiti meM nahIM hotA itanA to hama bhI mAnate haiM / nAmasaMjJaka saMskAra zabdaviSaya- vaibhASika vaibhASika bauddha loga jo yaha mAnate haiM ki 'artha ke cihnarUpa 'nAma' saMjJaka (yA nimittasaMjJaka ) saMskAra jo ki artha se vibhinna hai vahI zabda kA viSaya hai / ' yaha bhI nirasta ho jAtA hai kyoMki ye nAmAdi agara kSaNika mAneMge to saMketakAlIna nAmAdi kA vyavahArakAla meM anvaya na hone se zabda kA usa nAmAdi meM kiyA gayA saMketa vyartha hogA / yadi nAmAdi akSaNika mAneMge to pahale kaha Aye haiM ki akramika kAraNa se kramika jJAnAdi kAryoM kI upapatti na hogI / tathA nAmAdi zabda ke viSaya hone para bAhyArtha meM pravRtti bhI nahIM ghaTegI / sAmya ke kAraNa bAhyArtha meM pravRtti mAneMge to sadA ke liye bAhyArtha meM hI pravRtti ho aisA nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki kadAcit nAmAdi meM bhI pravRtti hone kI sambhAvanA nirbAdha hai / tathA 'nAmAdi kA AtmA (svarUpa) anyabhAk yAnI parAvalambI nahIM hai isaliye (saMketAvalambI bhI na hone se ) una meM saMketa azakya hai / saMketa azakya hone se unameM kisI bhI rIti se (avAcya se anyatva yAnI ) vAcyatva ghaTa nahIM sakatA" / ityAdi pUrvokta sabhI dUSaNa isa vaibhASika ke pakSa meM samAnarUpa se labdhAvakAza haiM / isa taraha svalakSaNAdi kisI bhI artha meM saMketa zakya na hone kA dikhA kara ( apohavAdI kahatA hai ki ) hamane jo hamAre pUrvokta anumAna meM 'saMketa zakya na hone se' aisA hetu kahA thA vaha asiddha nahIM hai / na to vaha anaikAntika ( sAdhyadrohI) hai kyoMki kisI bhI vipakSa meM rahatA nahIM hai / tAtparya, saMketa kI zakyatA se zunya hone para bhI koI artha zabda se pratipAdita hotA ho aisA kahIM bhI dikhatA nahIM hai / tathA 'saMketakRta na hone se yaha hetu sapakSa meM rahatA hai isaliye viruddha bhI nahIM hai / dekhiye, azva Adi zabda se gopiNDAdi *. 'vAcyatvam' iti pAThaH samyak / asmin saMdarbhe pramANavArttika- 2-249 zlokaH tattvasaMgrahe 1263 zlokabha vicAraNIyau / Jain Educationa International - - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 [ 'niSedhamAtrameva anyApoha:' iti matvA kumArilakRtAkSepopanyAsaH ] atra paro 'niSedhamAtrameva kilAnyApoho'bhipreta' iti manyamAnaH pratijJAyAH pratItyAdivirodhamud bhAvayannAha - - [ta0 saM0-910-911] 1 ' nanvanyApohakRcchabdo yuSmatpakSe nu varNitaH / niSedhamAtraM naiveha pratibhAse'vagamyate // kintu gaurgavayo hastI vRkSa ityAdizabdataH / vidhirUpAvasAyena matiH zAbdI pravarttate // yadi gaurityayaM zabdaH samartho'nyanivarttane / janako gavi gobuddhermRgyatAmaparo dhvaniH // [kA0 laM0 6/17] nanu jJAnaphalAH zabdA na caikasya phaladvayam / apavAda - vidhijJAnaM phalamekasya vaH katham 1 // [kA0 laM0 6 / 18] prAgagauriti vijJAnaM gozabdazrAviNo bhavet / yenAgoH pratiSedhAya pravRtto gauriti dhvaniH // [kA0 laM0 6/19) yadi gozabdo'nyavyavacchedapratipAdanaparastadA tasya tatraiva caritArthatvAt sAsnAdimati padArthe gozabdAt pratItirna prApnoti / tatazca sAsnAdimatpadArthaviSayAyA gobuddherjanako'nyo dhvaniranveSaNIyaH / athaikenaiva gozabdena buddhidvayasya janyamAnatvAnnAparo dhvanirmRgyaH / (tana ) naikasya vidhikAriNaH pratiSeartha pratipAdita nahIM hotA hai isaliye vaha sapakSa hai aura usa meM azvapadasaMketa kA abhAva rUpa hetu bhI rahatA hai / isa prakAra svalakSaNAdi artha se nivRtta zabdavAcyatA apoha = tadanyavyAvRtti phalita hone se huA ki zabda apohakAraka yAnI tadanyavyAvRttibodhajanaka hI hai / yaha siddha niSedhamAtra anyApoha meM virodhAdi pradarzana 43 yahA~ jo vAdI aisA samajhatA hai ki apohavAda meM anyApoha kA artha sirpha niSedhamAtra hI abhipreta hai vaha vAdI 'zabda apohakAraka hai' isa pUrvokta pratijJA meM virodha Adi kA udbhAvana karatA huA apohavAdI ko kahatA hai ki " Apake mata meM zabda ko sirpha anyApohakAraka kahA gayA hai; kintu (go Adi zabda janita ) pratibhAsa meM niSedhamAtra kA bhAna hI nahIM hotA hai / go, gavaya, hastI Adi zabdo meM to vidhimukha se (go Adi piNDa kA) hI zabdabodha hotA hai / " [ta0 saM0 910 - 911] - apohavAda meM 'go' zabda se gobuddhi kA anudaya ( kAvyAlaMkAra ke tIna zlokoM ke bAda usa kA artha bhI vyAkhyAkAra ne spaSTa kiyA hai - isa liye zlokoM kA alaga artha yahA~ nahIM likhA hai) yadi apohavAda meM 'go' zabda ko gobhinna ke vyavaccheda kA pratipAdaka mAnA jAtA hai to sirpha usameM caritArtha ho jAne se, gozabda dvArA sAsnAdivAle padArtha kI pratIti ho nahIM sakegI / phalataH sAsnAdivAle padArtha ko viSaya karanevAlI 'gobuddhi' ko janma dene vAlA koI aura hI zabda DhU~DhanA paDegA / yadi kaheM ki 'eka hI 'go' zabda se gobhinna artha ke vyavaccheda kI buddhi aura sAsnAdivAle + 'nanu jJAnaphalAH zabdAH' ityAdi 'kumArilavacanam' iti nirdiSTaM sammatiTIkAkRtA'sya nirasanAvasare / 'etena yaduktaM kumArilena' ityullikhya zlokapaMcakametanniradezi zrIyazovijayaiH zAkhavA0 spA0 ka0 yAm (sta0 11 pR0 231 ) iti /

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam dhakAriNo vA zabdasya yugapadvijJAnadvayalakSaNaM phalamupalabhyate, nApi parasparaviruddhamapavAdavidhijJAnaM phalaM yuktam / yadi ca gozabdenA'gonivRttirmukhyataH pratipAdyate tadA gozabdazravaNAnantaraM prathamaM 'agauH' ityeSA zrotuH pratipattirbhavet / yatraiva hyavyavadhAnena zabdAt pratyaya upajAyate sa eva zAbdo'rthaH, na cAvyavadhAnenA'govyavacchede matiH / ato gobuddhayanutpattiprasaGgAt prathamataramagopratItiprasaGgAcca nApohaH zabdArthaH / api ca apohalakSaNaM sAmAnyaM vAcyatvenAbhidhIyamAnaM kadAcit paryudAsalakSaNaM vA'bhidhIyate * prasajyalakSaNaM vA ? tatra prathamapakSe siddhasAdhyatA pratijJAdoSaH asmAbhirapi gotvAkhyaM sAmAnyaM gozabdavAcyamityabhyupagamyamAnatvAt yadeva hyagonivRttilakSaNaM sAmAnyaM gozabdenocyate bhavatA tadevASsmAbhirbhAvalakSaNaM sAmAnyaM tadvAcyamabhidhIyate, abhAvasya bhAvAntarAtmakatvena sthitatvAt / taduktam [lo0 vA0 abhAva pari0 lo0 2-3-4-8] kSIre dadhyAdi yannAsti prAgabhAvaH sa ucyate // nAstitA payaso dadhi pradhvaMsAbhAvalakSaNam / gavi yo'zvAdyabhAvazca so'nyAnyobhAva ucyate // 3 // padArtha kI buddhi - donoM buddhi kA janma mAna leMge ataH aura kisI zabda ko nahIM DhU~DhanA paDegA / ' to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki koI eka zabda yA to vidhikAraka (yAnI vidhirUpa se pojhITIvalI arthajJAnarUpa phala kA janaka) ho sakatA hai, yA to pratiSedhakAraka / isaliye vaise koI eka zabda se eka sAtha vidhi pratiSedha ubhayakAraka buddhi kI utpatti dIkhAI nahIM detI / tathA eka hI zabda se apavAda (pratiSedha) jJAna aura vidhijJAna aise do paraspara viruddha jJAnarUpa phala kA janma bhI saMgata nahIM hai / tathA, yadi 'go' zabda se ago kI nivRtti kA bodha mukhyarUpa se mAneMge to yaha zakya nahIM hai kyoMki saba se pahale to nivRtti ke pratiyogIbhUta gobhinna padArtha kA bodha mAnanA paDegA, kyoMki pratiyogI ke jJAna ke vinA abhAva kA jJAna zakya nahIM hai / isaliye yaha mAnanA paDegA ki go zabda ke zravaNa ke bAda satvara hI zrotA ko 'gobhinna' artha kA bodha hotA hai / aba yaha niyama hai ki zabdazravaNa ke bAda vinA vyavadhAna ke jisa artha kA bodha utpanna ho vahI usa zabda kA artha hotA hai / phalataH go zabda se sirpha gobhinna artha kI hI pratIti mAnane kI Apatti hogI aura 'go' kI pratIti kA to udbhava hI nahIM hogA aise aniSTa kA vAraNa karane ke liye yahI mAnanA hogA ki zabda apohakAraka nahIM 1 44 Jain Educationa International - paryudAsarUpa apoha hone para siddhasAdhana doSa taduparAMta apoharUpa sAmAnya hI zabda kA vAcyU hai - aisA mAnanevAle ko ye do prazna haiM ki apoha yAnI agonivRtti ko Apa paryudAsarUpa mAnate haiM yA prasajyasvarUpa ? paryudAsa kA artha hogA ago se bhinna koI vastu - yadi yaha pahalA pakSa mAneMge to ApakI pratijJA meM siddhasAdhana doSa AyegA kyoMki hama bhI ago se bhinna gotvajAtirUpa sAmAnya ko 'go' zabda kA vAcya mAnate hI haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki Apa agonivRttirUpa sAmAnya ko zabda kA vAcya dikhAte haiM hama bhI usI ko bhAvAtmaka sAmAnyarUpa meM zabda kA vAcya dikhAte haiM, kyoMki paryudAsapakSa meM abhAva bhAvAntara rUpa hI hotA hai, niSedharUpa nahIM hotA / zlokavArttika ke abhAvapariccheda meM kahA bhI hai ki "dUdha meM jo dahIM - makkhana Adi kA nAstitva hai vahI prAgabhAva kahA jAtA hai / dahIM Adi meM jo For Personal and Private Use Only -

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 ziraso'vayavA nimnA vRddhi kAThinyavarjitAH / zazazRMgAdirUpeNa so'tyantAbhAva ucyate // 4 // na cA'vastuna ete syurbhedAstenA'sya vastutA / (8 pUrvArdham) etena kSIrAdaya eva dadhyAdirUpeNa avidyamAnAH prAgabhAvAdivyapadezabhAja ityuktaM bhavati / agonivRttizcAnyonyAbhAvaH tasyA azvAdivyavacchedarUpatvAt, tasmAt sA vastu / tatraivamabhAvasya bhAvAntarAtmakatve ko'yaM bhavadbhiravAdinivRttisvabhAvo'bhAvo'bhipreta iti ? / atha gavAdisvalakSaNAtmaivA'sau / na, tatra sarvavikalpapratyayAsva(?tyasta)mayAt vikalpajJAnagocaraH sAmAnyameveSyate, asAdhAraNastvarthaH sarvavikalpAnAmagocaraH / yathoktam - svasaMvedyamanirdezyaM ruupmindriygocrH| [ ] yathaiva hi bhavatAmasAdhAraNo vizeSo'zvAdinivRttyAtmA gozabdAbhidheyo neSTastathaiva zAvaleyAdiH zabdavAcyatayA neSTaH asAmAnyaprasaGgataH / yadi hi gozabdaH zAbaleyAdivAcakaH syAt tadA tasyAnanvayAna sAmAnyaviSayaH syAt / yatazcAzvAdinivRttyAtmA bhAvo'sAdhAraNo na ghaTate tasmAt sarveSu sajAtIyeSu zAbaleyAdipiNDeSu yat pratyekaM parisamAptaM tanibandhanA gobuddhiH, tacca gotvAkhyameva sAmAnyam, tasyA'go'pohazabdenAbhidhAnAt kevalaM nAmAntaramiti siddhasAdhyatA pratijJAdoSaH / dUdha Adi kA nAstitva hai yahI pradhvaMsAbhAva kA svarUpa hai / go meM jo azvAdirUpatA kA abhAva hai use anyonyAbhAva kahate haiM / aura kharagoza Adi ke mastaka meM jo vRddhi aura kaThinatA se rahita nimna avayava hote haiM ve zazazRMgAdi rUpa na hone se atyantAbhAva kahA jAtA hai jo sarvathA vasturUpa nahIM hotA usa ke koI bheda nahIM hote, isaliye prAgabhAvAdi jisa ke bheda haiM vaha mUlatattva abhAva vasturUpa hai, avasturUpa nahIM / " / isa se yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki dahIM Adi rUpa se avidyamAna jo dUdha Adi vastu hai vahI prAgabhAvAdizabda kA vAcya hai| yahA~ agonivRtti rUpa jo abhAva hai vaha ago=azvAdi ke vyavacchedarUpa hone se anyonyAbhAvarUpa hai aura isIliye vaha tuccha apoha rUpa na hokara vasturUpa hai / isaprakAra jaba yahA~ abhAva bhAvAntarasvarUpa hI siddha hotA hai to phira gotvAdi se atirikta (ago=)azvAdinivRttisvarUpa kauna sA abhAva iSTa hai ? paryudAsarUpa apoha go-Adi svalakSaNAtmaka nahIM hai* apohavAdI:- hama 'go' Adi svalakSaNa padArtha ko hI azvAdinivRttirUpa se paryudAsAtmaka abhAva se kahanA cAhate haiN| sAmAnyavAdI:- yaha saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki Apa ke mata se svalakSaNarUpa padArtha sirpha nirvikalpajJAna kA hI viSaya hai, savikalpa sabhI jJAna usa ke grahaNa meM asamartha haiM / zabdajanyajJAna to vikalpajJAna kA viSaya hotA hai| kahA bhI hai - 'svasaMvidita ho aura (zabda se) nirdeza ke ayogya ho aisA rUpa (artha) hI indriya kA (yAnI indriyajanya nirvikalpa pratyakSa kA) viSaya hotA hai / isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki Apa ko azvAdinivRttisvarUpa asAdhAraNa vizeSa padArtha go zabda ke vAcyArtharUpa meM iSTa nahIM hai / aura usI taraha 'kabacitarA go' Adi artha bhI zabda ke vAcyArtharUpa meM mAnya nahIM ho sakatA,

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tathA cAha kumArilaH - [zlo0 vA. apoha0 1-2-3.10] agonivRttiH sAmAnyaM vAcyaM yaH parikalpitam / gotvaM vastveva tairuktamagopohagirA sphuTam / / bhAvAntarAtmako'bhAvo yena sarvo vyavasthitaH / tatrAzvAdinivRttyAtmA'bhAvaH ka iti kathyatAm // neSTo'sAdhAraNastAvad vizeSo nirvikalpanAt / tathA ca zAbaleyAdirasAmAnyaprasaGgataH // tasmAt sarveSu yadrUpaM pratyekaM pariniSThitam / gobuddhistanimittA syAgotvAdanyacca nAsti tat // atha prasajyalakSaNamiti pakSastadA punarapyago'pohalakSaNAbhAvasvarUpA zUnyatA gozabdavAcyA prasaktA vastusvarUpApahavAt, tatra ca zAbdabuddhInAM svAMzagrahaNaM prasaktam bAhyavasturUpAgrahAt, tatazcApohasya vAcyatvaM mudhaivAbhyupagataM pareNa buddhayAkArasyAma(?na)pekSitabAhAlambanasya vidhirUpasyaiva zabdArthatvApatteH / ityakyoMki usako zabda kA vAcya mAneMge to sAmAnyarUpa artha kA vAcakra na ho kara vizeSa rUpa artha kA vAcaka ho jAyegA / kAraNa, yadi 'go' zabda 'kabacitarA go' Adi vizeSa kA vAcaka hogA to vaha pratyeka 'go' padArtha meM anugata na hone se, sAmAnya rUpa se koI bhI gopadArtha zabda kA viSaya na rahegA / tAtparya, asAdhAraNa bhAva azvAdinivRttirUpa ghaTa sakatA nahIM, ataH sabhI 'kabacitarA' Adi sajAtIya arthoM meM pratyeka meM rahanevAlA jo (sAmAnya) tattva hai vahI gozabda se honevAlI gobuddhi kA nimitta hai| aura vahI gotvajAtirUpa sAmAnya hai kyoMki 'agoapoha' zabda se vicAra karane para usI kA pratipAdana hotA hai| hA~, Apa usako gotva na kaha kara 'agoapoha' kahate haiM yaha sirpha saMjJAntara hai / isa prakAra Apa kI pratijJA meM siddhasAdhyatA doSa siddha huaa| kumArIla ne bhI zlokavArtika meM kahA hai - jina logoM ne agonivRttirUpa sAmAnya ko zabdavAcya mAnA hai unhoMne pragaTarUpa se apoha zabda se gotvarUpa vastu kA hI nirUpaNa kiyA hai / kyoMki (paryudAsa pakSa meM) sabhI abhAva bhAvAntarasvarUpa hotA hai, to azvAdinivRttirUpa abhAva kauna sA bhAva hai yaha kahiye / asAdhAraNa vizeSa artha to nirvikalpagrAhya hone se zabdavAcya ho nahIM sakatA tathA kabacItarA Adi bhI zabdavAcya ho nahIM sakatA kyoMki taba zabda sAmAnyavAcaka na rahegA / isaliye sabhI arthoM meM jo pratyeka meM anugata ho vahI gobuddhi kA nimitta hai aura vaha gotva jAti se bhinna saMbhava nahIM prasajyarUpa apoha-pakSa meM pratijJAbAdha aba agonivRtti meM nivRttirUpa abhAva ko prasajya-niSedharUpa grahaNa kareMge to agoapoharUpa abhAva kA paryavasAna zUnyatA meM hogA kyoMki prasajyapakSa meM anya kisI vastu kA vidhAna nahIM hotA, sirpha vastusvarUpa kA apahnava yAnI niSedha hI kiyA jAtA hai / phalata: zUnyatA hI zabda kA vAcyArtha huI / isaliye yahA~ 'go' zabda se kisI bhI bAhyavastu kI buddhi na hokara jo buddhi hogI vaha apane jJAnAMza mAtra ko hI grahaNa karane vAlI hogI na ki viSayAMza ko / jaba isaprakAra zabda se jJAnAMza mAtra kA hI bhAna hotA hai to apohavAdI ne jo apoha ko zabda kA vAcya batAyA vaha nikammA hai kyoMki usako bAhyArtha Alambana se nirapekSa vidhirUpa buddhi-AkAra hI zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnane kI Apatti hai / phalata: apohavAdI ko usake mata meM hI virodha prasakta hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "vaha 'go' zabda se utpanna hone vAlA buddhiAkAra usa se bhinnajAtIya 'ago' buddhi AkAra se vyAvRttarUpa vAlA hone se, apoha ke vAcya hone kI kalpanA asaMgata nahIM hai" - to yaha

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 bhyupagamabAdhA pratijJAyAH parasya / atha buddhyAkArAlambanA'pi sA buddhirvijAtIyagavAdibuddhibhyo vyAvRtarUpA pravarttate tenApohakalpanA yuktaiva / asadetat yato yadyapi buddhirbuddhayantarAd vyavacchinnA tathApi sA na buddhayantaravyavacchedAvasAyinI jAyate, kiM tarhi ? azvAdiSvartheSu vidhirUpAdhyavasAyinI, tena vastveva vidhirUpaM vAcyaM kalpayituM yuktimat nApohaH, buddhayantarasya buddhayantarAnapohakatvAt / kiMca, yo'yaM bhavadbhirapohaH padArthatvena kalpitaH sa vAkyAdapoddhRtya kalpitasya padasyArtha iSTaH vAkyArthastu pratibhAlakSaNa eva / yathoktam - *"apoddhArapadasyAyaM vAkyAdartho vivecitaH / vAkyArthaH pratibhAkhyo'yaM tenAdAvupajanyate // [ 1 sa cAyuktaH zabdArthasya vidhirUpatAprasakteH / tathApi bAhye'rthe zabdavAcyatvenA'satyapi vAkyArtho bhavadbhiH pratibhAlakSaNa eva varNyate nApohaH, tadA padArtho'pi vAkyArthavat pratibhAlakSaNa eva prasakta iti dvayorapi pada- vAkyArthayorvidhirUpatvam / atha pratibhAyAH pratibhAntarAd vijAtIyAd vyavacchedo'stItyapoharUpatA / na samyagetat, yato yadyapi buddherbuddhayantarAd vyAvRttirasti tathApi na ca tatra zabdavyApAraH / tathAhi zabdAdasAvutpadyamAnA na svarUpotpAdavyatirekeNAnyaM buddhayantaravyavacchedalakSaNaM zabdAdavasIyamA - bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, vaha buddhi hAlA~ ki anyabuddhi se avazya vyAvRtta hai kintu phira bhI anyabuddhi se vyavacchinna vyAvRttarUpa se vaha zabdakRta saMvedana kA viSaya nahIM hotI / " to kauna usa kA viSaya hotA hai ?" isa kA uttara yaha hai ki azvAdizabda se hone vAle saMvedana una azvAdi meM azvatvAdi vidhisvarUpa dharmoM ko hI viSaya karane vAle hote haiM / isa kA artha yahI huA ki vidhisvarUpa vastubhUta artha hI zabda kA vAcya mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai, apoha nahIM, kyoMki eka buddhi kA anya buddhi se vyAvRttarUpa meM grahaNa nahIM hotA / = pratibhAsvarUpa vAkyArtha ke pakSa meM pratijJA meM bAdha dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki Apane jo apoha kI padArtharUpa se saMkalpanA kI hai vaha vAkyAntargata pada ko vAkya meM se (buddhidvArA) pRthak hone kI kalpanA kara ke kI hai, vAstava meM Apa ke mata meM vAkya hI sArthaka hotA hai aura pratibhA hI vAkya kA artha hotI hai| jaise ki kahA hai " vAkya se pada kA vibhAga kara ke Apane usakA artha kahA hai / prathama to 'pratibhA' saMjJaka vAkyArtha hI utpanna hotA hai / " kintu apohavAdI kA yaha mata asaMgata hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para apoha ke badale vidhisvarUpa hI zabdArtha prasakta hogA / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba bAhya artha zabda kA vAcya na hone para bhI pratibhA kA vAkyArtha rUpa se Apa nirUpaNa karate haiM na ki apoha kaa| jaba vAkyArtha pratibhArUpa hai to vAkya ke aMzabhUta pada kA artha bhI pratibhArUpa hI mAnanA cAhiye / phalataH pada aura vAkya donoM kA artha vidhirUpa hI siddha huA / yadi aisA kaheM ki " vAkyArtha pratibhArUpa hone para bhI eka pratibhA bhinnajAtIya anya pratibhA se vyAvRtta bhI hotI hai, isaliye pratibhAntaravyAvRttisvarUpa apoha ko zabdArtha mAna sakate haiM / " to yaha samyak nahIM hai / kAraNa, eka buddhi bhinajAtIya anya buddhi se vyAvRtta hone para bhI zabda usa kA vyAvRttarUpa se bhAna karAne meM samartha nahIM hotA / dekhiye - jaba zabda se utpanna buddhi kA anubhava hotA hai taba buddhi ke svarUpa kA yA usa svarUpa se usakI utpatti kA hI vedana hotA hai, anya buddhi se vyAvRttirUpa koI bhI aMza zabda se utpanna buddhi ke > apoddhAre pada0 iti ta0 saM0 zlo0 922 paMjikAyAm / atra vAkyapadIya kAM0 1 zlo0 24 dRSTavyaH / Jain Educationa International 47 For Personal and Private Use Only -

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48 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam namaMzaM vibhrANA lakSyate, kiM tarhi ? vidhirUpAvasAyinyevotpattimatI / na ca zabdAdanavasIyamAno vastvaMzaH zabdArtho yukta atiprasaMgAditi pratItibAdhitatvaM pratijJAyAH / api ca, ye bhinnasAmAnyavacanA gavAdayaH ye ca vizeSavacanAH zAbaleyAdayaste bhavadabhiprAyeNa paryAyAH prApnuvanti, arthabhedAbhAvAt vRkSa-pAdapAdizabdavat / sa ca avastutvAt / vastunyeva hi saMsRSTatva-ekatva-nAnAtvAdivikalpAH sambhavanti, nA'vastunyevApohAkhye parasparaM saMsRSTatAdivikalpo yukta iti ka- thameSAM bhedaH ? tadabhyupagame vA niyamena vastutvApattiH / tathAhi - 'ye parasparaM bhiyante te vasturUpAH, yathA svalakSaNAni, parasparaM bhiyante cApohAH' iti svabhAvahetuH, iti vidhireva zabdArthaH / etenAnumAnabAdhitatvaM pratijJAyAH pratipAditam / athA'vastutvamabhyupagamyate'pohAnAM tadA nAnAtvAbhAvAt paryAyatvaprasaMga ityekAnta eSaH / na cApohyabhedAt svato bhedA'bhAve'pi tasya bhedAdaparyAyatvam / svatastasya nAnAtvAbhAve'bhAvaikarUpatvAt parato'pyaso bhavan kAlpanikaH syAt / na hi svato'sato bhedasya parataH sambhavo yuktaH / yathA antargata ho aisA usa vakta lakSita nahIM hotA hai / sirpha buddhi ke vidhisvarUpa kA vedana hI vahA~ zabda se utpanna huA bodhita hotA hai| jaba vyAvRttirUpa aMza kA zabda se kucha bhAna hI nahIM hotA hai to usa ko zabdArtha kyoM mAnA jAya ? agara mAneMge to phira sAre jagat ko pratyeka zabda ke artharUpa meM mAnane kA atiprasaMga hogaa| jaba isa prakAra vyAvRttirUpa nahIM kintu vidhirUpa artha zabdajanya pratIti kA viSaya siddha hotA hai to "zabda apohakAraka hai" yaha ApakI pratijJA pratItiviruddha siddha hotI hai / *go-zAbaleya Adi zabdo meM paryAyavAcitva Apatti* apohavAda meM, gotva-azvatvAdi bhinna bhinna sAmAnya ke vAcaka jo 'go' Adi zabda haiM aura 'govizeSa' Adi ke vAcaka 'zAbaleya' Adi zabda haiM una ke arthoM meM kucha bhI bheda na hone se, paravAdI kI dRSTi meM paryAyavAdI hI hone cAhiye / udA0 'vRkSa' aura 'pAdapa' zabda arthabheda na hone se paryAyavAcI hote haiM / 'go' aura 'zAbaleya' zabda apohavAda meM kisI vastu kA nahIM kiMtu apohAtmaka tuccha avastu kA vAcaka hai - isaliye una meM arthabheda nahIM ho sakatA / agara koI vastu hotI hai to usa meM ye vikalpa ho sakate haiM ki vaha anyasaMsargI hai yA nahIM, eka hai yA aneka hai....ityAdi / apoha to avastu hai isaliye una meM eka-dUsare se saMsRSTatAdi kisI vikalpa ko avakAza nahIM hai, phira cAhe vaha agoapoha ho yA azAbaleyApoha ho kyA bheda rahA ? yadi una meM bheda mAnane jAyeMge to balAt vasturUpa mAnane kI Apatti AyegI / jaise yaha aniSTaprasaMga ho sakegA- "jo ekadUsare se bhinna haiM ve vasturUpa hI hai, udA0 'gosvalakSaNa aura azvasvalakSaNa' / apoha bhI paraspara bhinna haiM isaliye vasturUpa haiN|" isa prakAra bhedarUpa svabhAvAtmaka hetu se vidhirUpa hI zabdArtha phalita hone para 'zabda apohakAraka hai' isa pratijJA kA ukta aniSTaprasaMjaka anumAna se bAdha hogaa| avastubhUta apohapakSa meM paryAyatA kI Apatti dhruva yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'nahIM hama, kisI bhI sthiti meM apoha ko vasturUpa mAnane ke liye udyata nahIM hai - to ago Adi apoha ke vAcaka 'go' Adi zabda aura azAbaleyAdiapoha ke vAcaka zAbaleyAdi zabda, una meM koI pharka na rahane se go aura zAbaleya Adi zabda paryAyavAcI bana jAne kI vipatti aTala rahegI yaha

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 bahuSvapi zAbaleyAdi hi saMsargiNaH zAbaleyAdaya AdhAratayA'ntaraGgA api taM svarUpato bhettumazaktAH SvekasyA'govyavacchedalakSaNasyApohasya teSvabhyupagamAt - tathA bahiraMgabhUtairazvAdibhirapoauraso bhidyate ityapi sAhasam / na hi yasyAntaraMgo'pyartho na bhedakastasya bahiraMgo bhaviSyati bahiraMgatvahAniprasaMgAt / 'athAntaraMgA evAdhArAstasya bhedakA:' / asadetat, avastunaH sambandhibhedAd bhedAnupapatteH, vastunyapi hi sambandhibhedAd bhedo nopalabhyate kimutA'vastuni niHzvabhAvottahA hi - devahikamekapi (? niHsvabhAve ? tathAhi - devadattAdikamekamapi ) vastu yugapat krameNa vA'neke (? kai) rAsanAdibhirabhisambadhyamAnamanAsAditabhedamevopalabhyate kiM punaryadanyavyAvRttirUpamavastu, tattvAdeva ca kvacidasambaddhaM, vijAtIyAccAvyAvRttam, 49 hai| yadi kaheM ki "AkAza sarvatra ekarUpa hone para bhI ghaTa - paTAdi upAdhiyoM ke bheda se ghaTAkAza- paTAkAza eaisA bheda hotA hai isI taraha apoha svayaM ekarUpa hone para bhI ago azAbaleya Adi apohanIya arthoM ke bheda se agoapoha- azAbaleyaapoha aisA bheda hotA hai isaliye unameM paryAyavAcitA kI vipatti nahIM hogI" - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki upAdhiyoM se hone vAlA bheda vAstavika nahIM, kAlpanika aupacArika hotA hai / isaliye jaba taka svayaM bhinnatA nahIM hai taba taka ekarUpatA hone se parakIya saMsarga se apoha meM bheda mAneMge to vaha bhI kAlpanika hI hogaa| tAtparya, svayaM bhinnatA na hone para parakIyasaMga se vAstavika bheda kA sambhava hI nahIM hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zAbaleyAdi gosAmAnya ke AdhAra rUpa hone se antaraMga = avAntara tattva hai phira bhI Apa usa antaraMga tattvoM se go Adi kA bheda mAnya nahIM karate haiM kyoMki Apa to aneka zAbaleyAdi piNDoM meM agovyavaccheda rUpa apoha ko ekarUpa hI mAnate haiM to phira jo azvAdirUpa ( ago-apoha) bahiraMga padArtha haiM una ke bheda se bheda mAnanA nitAnta aMdhasAhasa hai / antaraMga padArtha jisa kA bhedaka nahIM hotA, bahiraMga padArtha usakA bhedaka nahIM ho sakatA, yadi use bhedaka mAneMge to vaha bahiraMga nahIM ho sakegA kintu usa ko antaraMga mAnane kI vipadA AyegI / antaraMga AdhAra se apoha kA bheda asiddha yadi kaheM ki "bahiraMga tattva yadi bhedaka nahIM ho sakatA to hama antaraMga AdhAroM yAnI go Adi sAmAnya ke AzrayoM ko hI bhedaka mAna legeM / " to yaha zakya nahIM hai / kAraNa, antaraMga saMbandhiyoM ke bheda se kadAcit vastu meM bheda siddha ho sakatA hai, avastu ( apoha) meM nahIM / vAstava meM to sambandhi ke bheda se saccI vastu meM bhI bheda upalabdha nahIM hotA to svabhAvazUnya apoharUpa avastu meM to bheda hone kI bAta hI kahA~ ? dekhiyedevadattanAma kI eka vastu ekasAtha athavA to kramazaH aneka pRthag pRthag sambandhirUpa Asana para baiThAyI jAya taba vaha devadattavastu to ekarUpa hI upalabdha hotI hai, bheda to usameM milatA hI nhiiN| to phira jo anyApoha rUpa avastu hai usameM kaise sambandhibhedaprayukta bheda mAna liyA jAya ? are vaha jaba vastu hI nahIM hai to goAdi kisI ke bhI sAtha sambaddha bhI kaise ho sakatI hai ? aura usakA vijAtIya bhI kauna hai jisa se usakI vyAvRtti kahI jAya ? jo avastu hai vaha vasturUpa na hone se usameM kisI vizeSatA kA bhAna zakya hI nahIM hai / aisI avastu meM sambandhi (Azraya) ke bheda se kisa taraha bheda svIkAra kiyA jAya ?

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ata evAnadhigatavizeSAMzaM tAdRzaM sambandhibhedAdapi kathamiva bhedamabhuvIta ? kiMca, bhavatu nAma sambandhibhedAd bhedastathApi vastubhUtasAmAnyAnabhyupagame bhavatAM sa evApohAzrayaH sambandhI na siddhimAsAdayati yasya bhedAt tadbhedo'vakalpyate / tathAhi- yadi gavAdInAM vastubhUtaM sArUpyaM prasiddhaM bhavet tadA'zvAyapohAzrayatvameSAmavizeSeNa siddhayeta(t) nAnyathA, ato'poha viSayatvameSAmicchatA'vazyaM sArUpyamaGgIkarttavyam, tadeva ca sAmAnyaM vastubhUtaM zabdavAcyaM bhaviSyatItyapohakalpanA vyathaiva / apohyabhedenApohabhedo'pi vastubhUtasAmAnyamantareNa na siddhimAsAdayati / tathAhi - yadyazvAdInAmekaH kazcit sarvavyaktisAdhAraNo dharmo'nugAmI syAt tadA te sarve gavAdizabdairavizeSeNApohoran nAnyathA, vizeSA'parijJAnAt / sAdhAraNadharmAbhyupagame cApohakalpanAvaiyarthyam / api ca apohaH zabda-liGgAbhyAmeva pratipAdyata iti bhavadbhiripyate / zabdaliGgayodha vastubhUtasAmAnyamantareNa pravRttiranupapanneti nAto'pohapratipattiH / tathAhi - anugatavastuvyatirekeNa na (zabdaliGgayoH pravRttiH, na ca) zabdaliGgAbhyAM vinA'pohapratipattiH / na cA'sAdhAraNasyAnvayaH, tadevamapohakalpanAyAM kucha dera taka mAna le ki 'go Adi meM sambandhibheda se bheda hotA hai" to bhI yaha socanA jarUrI hai ki bhinnarUpatA aura samAnarUpatA ekadUsare ke avinAbhAvi tattva haiM / isaliye goAdi piNDoM meM vAstavika (gotvAdi) sAmAnya tattva ko na mAnane para ago-apoha ke bhinnarUpatA ke Azraya rUpa go Adi padArtha kI hI siddhi honA duSkara hai (kyoMki go piNDoMmeM gotvarUpa samAnatA ke vinA tadavinAbhAvi agobheda bhI siddha nahIM ho sakatA) to jaba go Adi kI AzrayarUpa meM siddhi hI nahIM hai to unake bheda se apoha ke bheda kI kalpanA bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai| dekhiye - go Adi piNDoM meM vastubhUta samAnarUpatA mAnI jAya to (ago yAnI azvAdi ke apoha kI AzrayatA bhI tadavinAbhAvi hone se samAnatA kI taraha siddha kI jA jA sake anyathA to usa kI siddhi duSkara hai| isaliye jisa ko go AdimeM apohaviSayatA yAnI apohAzrayatA mAnanA ho usa ko anivArya rUpa se samAnarUpatA bhI mAnya karanA hI cAhiye / vaha samAnarUpatA hI vastubhUta sAmAnya hai jo zabda kA vAcyArtha bana sakatA hai, ata: apoha kI kalpanA nikammI hai| apohya ke bheda se apohabheda asambhava aba aisA kaheM ki 'sambandhi ke bheda se nahIM, to hama apohya ago-azvAdi ke bheda se apoha kA bheda mAneMge' to yaha apohabheda tabhI siddha ho sakatA hai jaba ki azva Adi meM vastubhUta sAmAnya (azvatvAdi) ko mAnya kareM / dekhiye - azvAdi sakala vyakti meM rahane vAlA koI eka anugAmI dharma maujUda rahegA to go AdizabdoM se sAmAnyadharmAvacchedena una sabhI ke apoha kA - bheda kA pratipAdana zakya ho sakatA hai anyathA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki eka zabda se pRthag pRthag eka eka ke bheda kA nirUpaNa to zakya nahIM hai kyoMki eka eka vyakti kA svataMtra bhAna to hama logoM ko hotA nahIM / aba yadi apohya azvAdi meM azvatvAdi sAmAnya dharma kA aMgIkAra kara liyA jAya to usI se kAma cala jAne se apoha kI kalpanA nirarthaka hai| ___ tathA dUsarI bAta yaha hai Apa mAnate haiM ki zabda yA liMga (anumApaka) ina donoM se hI apoha kA nirUpaNa hotA hai| to yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki vastugata sAmAnyadharma ke vinA na to liMga (=hetu) se anumAna * 'viSayazabdo'trAzrayavacana: jalaviSayA matsyA iti yathA' [ta0 saM0 paMjikA]

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 zabdaliGgayoH pravRttireva na prApnoti, pravRttau vA prAmANyamabhyupagataM hIyeta / tathAhi - pratipAdyArthA'vyabhicAritvaM tayoH prAmANyaM, apohazca pratipAdyatvena bhavatA'bhyupagamyamAno'bhAvarUpatvAniHsvabhAva iti kva tayoravyabhicAritvam ? na ca vijAtIyA'darzanamAtreNaiva zabdaliGge agRhItasAhacarye eva svamartha gamayipyataH, vijAtIyAdarzanamAtreNa gamakatvAbhyupagame 'svArthaH parArtha' iti vizeSAnupapatteH / tathA ca svArthamapi na gamayet tatra adRSTatvAt praarthvt| tadevaM zabdaliGgayoprAmANyAbhyupagamaprasaGgAnApohaH zabdArtho yuktH| yadi vA asatyapi sArUpye zAbaleyAdiSvago'pohakalpanA tadA gavAzvasyApi kasmAna kalpyetAsau avizeSAt / taduktaM kumArilena [zlo0 vA. apo0 76] athA'satyapi sArUpye syAdapohasya kalpanA / gavAzvayorayaM kasmAdago'poho na kalpyate // ho sakatA hai, na zabda kI hI pravRtti ho sakatI hai / phalata: zabda yA liMga se apoha kA bhAna nahIM karAyA jA sakatA / dekhiye - agni Adi meM agnitva Adi sAmAnya dharma ke vinA zabda aura liMga (anumAna) kI pravRtti zakya nahIM hai aura zabda-anumAna kI pravRtti vinA apoha kA bhAna zakya nahIM / kAraNa, zabda yA anumAna kA adhunotpanna asAdhAraNa svalakSaNa vyakti ke sAtha koI anvaya (=sambandha) saMbhava nahIM hai, sambhava ho to sirpha tadgata sAmAnya dharma ke sAtha hI sambandha kA saMbhava hai| isa liye apoha kI kalpanA karane para zabda aura liMga kI pravRtti ghaTatI nahIM hai / apoha meM zabda yA anumAna kI pravRtti asaMgata hote huye bhI Apa mAneMge to vaise zabda yA anumAna ko pramANabhUta nahIM mAna sakeMge kyoMki usakA viSaya apoha asat hai / jaise dekhiye * zabda aura anumAna meM prAmANya kayA hai ? - pratipAdya artha kA avyabhicAra / Apane jisa ko pratipAdya mAnA hai vaha apoha to abhAvarUpa hone se sarvasvabhAvazUnya hai arthAt vaha pratipAdya hI nahIM hai to phira usa ke avyabhicAra-rUpa prAmANya bhI una donoM meM kaise AyegA ? yadi aisA kaheM ki - "avyabhicAra dRSTa na hone para bhI usa ke vijAtIya yAnI vyabhicAra kA bhI darzana kahA~ hai ? vyabhicAra ke adarzanamAtra se zabda aura liGga (=anumAna) svArtha kA = apane arthoM kA bodha karA skegaa|" - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vyabhicAra kA adarzana zabda aura liGga meM jaise svArtha ke sAtha hai vaise para artha ke sAtha bhI vyabhicAra kA adarzana tulya hai / isa sthiti meM yaha svArtha (arthAt 'ghaTa' zabda kA ghaTa rUpa artha svArtha hai) aura yaha (paTAdi) padArtha hai aisA vibhAga hI vyucchinna ho jaayegaa| phalata:, vyabhicAra kA adarzana hone para bhI jaise zabda aura liMga se parArtha kA bodha nahIM hotA vaise hI svArtha kA bhI bodha nahIM ho sakegA / isa ke phala svarUpa zabda aura liMga ko sarvathA apramANa mAnane kI ApadA hone ke kAraNa, apoha ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnanA asaMgata hai| sAjAtya ke vinA azva meM bhI ago'poha kI Apatti agara aisA bole ki - "zAbaleya-bAhuleyAdi piMDo meM kucha bhI sArUpya sAjAtya na hone para bhI una meM ago'poha kI kalpanA kara sakate haiM' - to yaha anucita hai kyoMki sAjAtya kA abhAva jaise gopiMDo meM hai vaise azvAdi meM bhI hai, isaliye gopiMDo meM agoapoha mAnane para azvAdi meM bhI vaha kyoM na mAnA jAya ? jaba ki koi vizeSatA to hai nahIM / kumArilane zlokavArttika meM yahI kahA hai ki - "sArUpya ke na hone para bhI yadi ago'poha kI kalpanA karanI hai to go aura azvAdi meM donoM meM vaha kalpanA karanI cAhiye kyoM

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ____ 'gavAzvayoH' iti 'gavAzvaprabhRtIni ca' [pANi0 2-4-11 siddhAntakau0 pR. 20-8] ityekavadbhAvalakSaNA'smaraNAduktam / ___avizeSapratipAdanArthaM sa eva punarapyuktavAn -[zlo0 vA. apo0 77] zAbaleyAcca bhinnatvaM bAhuleyAzvayoH samam / sAmAnyaM nAnyadiSTaM cet kvAgo'pohaH pravarttatAm ? // ____ yathaiva hi zAbaleyAdvailakSaNyAdazve na pravarttate tathA bAhuleyasyApi tato vailakSaNyamastIti na tatrApyasau pravarteta, evaM zAbaleyAdiSvapi yojyam sarvatra vailakSaNyA'vizeSAt / api ca yathA svalakSaNAdiSu samayA'sambhavAd na zabdArthatvam tathA'pohe'pi / tathAhi - nizcitArtho hi samayakRt samayaM karoti, na cApohaH kenacidindriyairvyavasIyate, vyavahArAt pUrva tasyA'vastutvAt indriyANAM ca vastuviSayakatvAt / na cAnyavyAvRtaM svalakSaNamupalabhya zabdaH prayokSyate, anyApohAdanyatra zabdavRtteH ki donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai|" kumArilane isa zloka meM jo 'gavAzvayoH' aisA dvivacanAnta prayoga kiyA hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ ekavadbhAvamUlaka 'gavAzvasya' aisA ekavacananAnta prayoga 'gavAzvaprabhRtIni ca' isa pANIni sUtra se, siddhahema0 meM 'gavAzvAdiH' 3-1-188 sUtra se prApta hotA hai, phira bhI dvivacanAnta prayoga huA hai isa ke liye vyAkhyAkAra kahate haiM ki usa pANInisUtra kA smaraNa na rahane se aisA ho gayA hai| _ 'donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai' isI bAta kI spaSTatA karate hue kumArilane hI kahA hai ki bAhuleya aura azva donoM meM zAbaleyapiNDa kA bheda samAna hI hai yadi (bAhuleya meM) kucha bhI samAnatA nahIM hai (to bAhuleya meM bhI ago'poha na rahane se) agoapoha kI pravRtti kahA~ hogI ? tAtparya yaha hai ki agoapoha azva meM pravRtta nahIM hotA isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha zAbaleya se vilakSaNa hai| to bAhuleya bhI zAbaleya se vilakSaNa hone se usa meM bhI agoapoha kI pravRtti nahIM ho skegii| [zAbaleya-bAhuleya meM vastubhUta gotvAdirUpa samAnatA mAnI jAya taba to yaha kaha sakate haiM ki bAhuleya meM gotva ke hone se agoapoha kI pravRtti ho sakatI hai, azva meM vaha na hone se agoapoha kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai] svalakSaNAdivat apoha meM bhI saMketa kA asambhava eka bAta yaha hai ki apovAdI saMketa kA asambhava dikhA kara svalakSaNAdi meM zabdArthatva kA niSedha karatA hai aura apoha ko zabdArtha kahatA hai| kintu apoha meM bhI saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai isa liye vaha bhI zabda kA artha nahIM ho sakatA / jaise dekhiye - saMketa karane vAlA puruSa pahale to usa artha kA anya pramANoM se nizcaya karatA hai, bAda meM usameM kisI zabda kA saMketa kara sakatA hai| apoha meM saMketa karanA ho to usa kA bhI pahale kisI anya pramANa se nizcaya Avazyaka hai| kintu bAta yaha hai ki indriyoM ke dvArA usa kA bhAna hotA nahIM; kAraNa, apoha kA zAbdika vyavahAra kiyA jAya to usake pahale to vaha vasturUpa se siddha hI nahIM hai, avastu hai, indriyoM kA avastu meM pravartana zakya nahIM hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "anyApoha kA bhale hI indriya se bhAna na hotA ho kintu svalakSaNa kA to indriya se bhAna hotA hai aura svalakSaNa to anyavyAvRtta hI hotA hai isa liye svalakSaNa meM zabdapravRtti ke dvArA anyApoha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pravRttyanabhyupagamAt / nApyanumAnenApohAdhyavasAyaH, "na cAnvayavinirmuktA pravRttiH zabdaliMgayoH" ityAdinA (50-10) tatpratiSedhasya tatroktatvAt / tasmAt 'akRtasamayatvAt' ityasya hetoranaikAntikatvamapohena, akRtasamayatve'pyapohe zabdapravRttyabhyupagamAt / / ___ itadhApohe saMketA'sambhavaH atiprasakteH / tathAhi - kathamavAdInAM gozabdAnabhidheyatvam ? 'sambandhAnubhavakSaNe'zcAdestadviSayatvenA'dRSTeH' iti cet ? asadetat / yato yadi yad gozabdasaMketakAle upalabdhaM tato'nyatra gozabdapravRttirneSyate tadaikasmAt saMketena viSayIkRtAt zAbaleyAdikAd gopiNDAdanyad bAhuleyAdi gozabdenApohyaM bhavet tatazca 'sAmAnyaM vAcyami'tyetatra siddhayet / ___ itaretarAzrayadoSaprasaktezvApohe saMketo'zakyakriyaH / tathAhi - agovyavacchedena goH pratipattiH, sacAgau!niSedhAtmA, tatazca 'agauH' ityatrottarapadArtho vaktavyaH yo 'na gauragauH' ityatra natrA pratiSidhyeta, na hyanitisvarUpasya niSedhaH zakyate vidhAtum / athApi syAt kimatra vaktavyam - agonivRttyAtmA meM zabdapravRtti ho skegii|" - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa Apa ke mata se anyApoha ko choDa kara aura kisI meM bhI zabdavRtti kI pravRtti zakya hI nahIM hai to 'svalakSaNa meM zabdapravRtti ke dvArA.... ityAdi kahane kA kyA artha ? anumAna pramANa se bhI apoha kA bhAna zakya nahIM hai kyoMki "zabda yA anumAna kI pravRtti vRtti yA vyApti rUpa sambandha kI apekSA vinA nahIM hotI'' isa vacana ke anusAra apoha ke sAtha kisI kI bhI vyApti na hone se anumAna kI pravRtti kA apoha meM pratiSedha pahale hI kara diyA hai / isa prakAra anyapramANa kI pravRtti na hone se apoha meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai| niSkarSa- 'akRtasamayatva' hetu apoha meM hI sAdhyadrohI hai kyoMki apoha meM 'akRtasamayatva' rUpa hetu rahatA hai phira bhI 'vaha zabda kA vAcya nahIM hotA' yaha sAdhya apoha meM apohavAdI ke mata meM nahIM hai kyoMki vaha apoha ko zabda se vAcya mAnatA hai| apoha meM saMketa kI azakyatA kA bodhaka atiprasaMga eka atiprasaMga ke kAraNa bhI apoha meM saMketa kA sambhava nahIM hai| dekhiye - apohavAdI ko yaha prazna hai ki azvAdi gozabda kA abhidheya kyoM nahIM hotA ? yadi isa ke uttara meM vaha kahegA ki - "gozabda ke saMketakAla meM saMketa ke viSayarUpa meM azvAdi dRSTigocara nahIM huA - isaliye "to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki isa kA matalaba yadi aisA ho ki jo 'go' zabda ke saMketakAla meM dRSTigocara huA thA, usa se bhinna kisI bhI padArtha meM gozabda kI pravRtti iSTa nahIM hai - to yahA~ yaha atiprasaMga hogA ki gozabda ke saMketakAla meM yadi zAbaleyAdi gopiNDa dRSTigocara rahA hogA to usa se bhinna bAhuleyAdi gopiNDa dRSTigocara na hone se azvAdi kI bhA~ti apohya ho jAyegA (arthAt gozabda kA abhidheya (=vAcya) nahIM bana sakegA) isa kA duSpariNAma yaha hogA ki sAmAnya hI (cAhe vaha vidhirUpa mAnA jAya athavA apoharUpa) vAcya hotA hai yaha siddhAnta siddha nahIM ho skegaa| anyonyAzraya doSa ke kAraNa bhI apohameM saMketakriyA azakya hai| jaise dekhiye - Apa 'go' zabda se agovyavacchedarUpa se go kA bhAna mAnate haiM, vyavaccheda kA pratiyogI jo 'agau' hai vaha goniSedharUpa hai| to pahale 'agau' isa samAsa meM uttarapadArtha gau kyA hai jisa kA Apa nakAra se pratiSedha karate haiM yahI to dikhAIye ! jaba taka usa ke svarUpa kA bhAna na ho taba taka usakA niSedha nahIM ho sktaa| 'isa meM kyA dikhAne

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam gauH, nanvevamagonivRttisvabhAvatvAd goragopratipattidvAreNaiva pratItiH agoca gopratiSedhAtmakatvAt gopratipattidvArikaiva pratItiriti gopratiSedhAtmatvAt gopratipattidvArikaiva pratItiriti sphuTamitaretarAzrayatvam / ___ athApyagozabdena yo gauniSedhyate sa vidhirUpa eva agovyavacchedalakSaNApohasiddhayartham tenetaretarAprayatvaM na bhaviSyati / yadyevaM 'sarvasya zabdasyApohAryaH' ityevamapohakalpanA vRthA, vidhirUpaH zabdArthaH prsiddho'nggiikrtvyH| tadanaGgIkaraNe cetaretarAzrayadoSo durnivaarH| taduktam [zlo0 vA. apo0 83-84-85] siddhacAgaurapohota goniSedhAtmakaca sa / tatra gaureva vaktavyo najA yaH pratiSidhyate // sa cedagonivRttyAtmA bhavedanyonyasaMzrayaH / siddhazced gaurapohAthai vRthA'pohaprakalpanam // gavyasiddhe tvagaurnAsti tadabhAve'pi gauH kutaH ? / "nIlotpalAdizandA arthAntaranivRttiviziSTAnAMnAhaH" ityAcAryadinAgena vizeSya-vizeSaNamAvasamarthanArtha yaduktaM tadayuktamiti darzayannAha bhaTTaH - "nAdhArAdheyavRttyAdisambandhavApyabhAvayoH // " [zlo. hai - gau to agonivRttisvarUpa hI hai' - aisA agara kaheMge to aba dekhiye ki 'go' agonivRttirUpa hone se 'agau' ke bhAna ke vinA usakI nivRtti rUpa gau kA bhAna nahIM hogA, aura 'agau' goniSedharUpa hone se 'gau' ke bhAna ke vinA agau kA bhAna zakya nahIM hogaa| isa taraha spaSTa hI yahA~ eka dUsare kI pratIti eka dUsare para avalambita hone se anyonyAzraya doSa prasakta hogaa| *vidhisvarUpa zabdArtha kI prasiddhi aba anyonyAzraya doSa ko TAlane ke liye yadi aisA kaheM ki "agovyavacchedarUpa apoha kI svatantrarUpa se siddhi ke liye hama mAneMge ki 'agau' zabda meM jisa gau kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai vaha vidhirUpa artha hai|" - to 'sabhI zabdoM kA artha sirpha apoha hai' aisI apoha kI kalpanA nirarthaka ThaharegI / kAraNa, agoapoha ko zabdavAcya dikhAte hue Apa ko usa ke ghaTakabhUta vidhirUpa gau artha ko bhI vAcya kahanA hI pdd'egaa| isa prakAra vidhisvarUpa bhI artha (na kevala apoha,) zabda kA vAcya hone kA phalita hone se, Apa ko kisI eka zabda kA vidhirUpa artha bhI prasiddha hai yaha svIkAranA hogA / phira zabdamAtra ke artharUpa meM apoha kI kalpanA nirarthaka kyoM na hogI ? yadi Apa vidhirUpa artha ko zabdavAcya mAnane ke liye udyata nahIM hai taba to pUrvokta anyonyAzraya doSa aTala hI rahegA / kumArila ne zlokavArttika meM kahA hai - 'agau' kisI prakAra siddha ho tabhI usa kA apoha kiyA jA sakatA hai| lekina 'agau' goniSedharUpa hai| to jisa kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'gau' kyA hai ? yaha pahale kahanA paDegA / yadi vaha 'gau' agoniSedharUpa hai taba to spaSTa hI anyonyAzraya huA / yadi kaheM ki apoha kI siddhi ke liye vidhirUpa se prasiddha 'gau' hI hai vaha, taba to (vaha vidhirUpa 'gau' bhI zabdavAcya ho jAne se) apoha kI kalpanA vyartha ThaharI / yadi 'go' koI vidhirUpa artha hI nahIM hai taba to 'agau' bhI nahIM ho sakatA / aura 'agau' ke abhAva meM (usa ke niSedha) rUpa se 'gau' bhI kaise siddha hogA ? anIla-utpala zabdoM meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva asaMgata 'apoha-apoha kA vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ghaTegA nahIM' aisA samajha kara dimAga bauddha AcAryane nIla aura

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 vA0 apo0 zlo0 85] / yasya hi yena saha kazcid vAstavaH sambandhaH siddho bhavet tat tena viziSTamiti yuktaM vaktum / na ca nIlotpalayoranIlAnutpalavyavacchedarUpatvenAbhAvarUpayorAdhArAdheyAdiH sambandhaH sambhavati, nIrUpatvAt / AdigrahaNena saMyogasamavAyaikArthasamavAyAdisambandhagrahaNam / na cAsati vAstave sambandhe tadviziSTasya pratipattiyuktA, atiprasaGgAt / athApi syAt naivAsmAkamanIlAdivyAvRttyA viziSTo'nutpalAdivyavacchedo'bhimataH yato'yaM doSaH syAt kiM tarhi ! anIlAnutpalAbhyAM vyAvRttaM vastveva tathAvyavasthita tadarthAntaranivRttyA viziSTaM zabdenocyata ityayamartho'trAbhipretaH / asadetat svalakSaNasyA'vAcyatvAt tatpakSabhAvidoSaprasaMgAca / na ca svalakSaNasyAnyanivRttyA viziSTatvaM sidhyati yato na vastvapohaH, asAdhAraNaM tu vastu; na ca vastvavastunoH sambandho yuktaH, vastudvayAdhAratvAt tasya / / bhavatu vA sambandhastathApi vizeSaNatvamapohasyA'yuktam nahi sattAmAtreNotpalAdInAM nIlAdivizeSaNaM utpala zabdoM ke vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kI upapatti karane ke liye jo kahA hai ki- nIla zabda anIlavyAvRtti kA nahI kintu anIlavyAvRtiviziSTa artha kA vAcaka hai aura utpala zabda anutpalavyAvRti kA nahIM kintu anutpalavyAvRttiviziSTa artha kA vAcaka hai| (ye donoM vasturUpa hone se vize0vizeSyabhAva ghaTa sakegA)" - yaha bhI yukta nahIM hai - isa bAta kA nirdeza karate hue bhaTTa kumArila kahatA hai ki - "do abhAvoM ke bIca AdhArAdheyabhAva Adi sambandha sambhava nahIM hai|" jisa ke sAtha jisa kA pAramArthika sambandha siddha ho vaha usa se 'viziSTa' dikhAnA yukti-yukta hai| apohavAda meM nIla aura utpala padoM kA artha yadi anIlavyavaccheda iSTa ho taba to ve dono abhAvarUpa-avasturUpa hone se, una meM AdhArAdheya Adi koI sambandha sambhavatA nahIM, kyoMki ve svabhAva rahita hai / 'Adi' zabda kA tAtparya yaha hai ki AdhArAdheya kI taraha saMyoga samavAya yA ekArtha samavAya (eka artha meM samAnAdhikaraNya) Adi koI bhI sambandha unameM sambhavita nahIM hai / jahA~ taka sambandha vAstavika na ho vahA~ taka eka se viziSTa anya kA bhAna zakya hI nahIM / yadi mAneMge to asat gaganapuSpa se viziSTa vandhyAputra bhI mAnane kI vipadA aayegii| aba yadi (ukta dignAga ke kathanAnusAra) aisA kaheM ki - hama 'anIlavyAvRtti se viziSTa anutpalavyAvRtti' aisA nahIM mAnate jisa se ki upara pradarzita doSa ho sake / to kyA mAnate haiM ? mAnate yaha haiM ki anIla se vyAvRtta (yAnI anIlavyAvRttiviziSTa) jo vastu hai aura jo anutpala se vyAvRtta vastu hai ye donoM vizeSaNa-vizeSyarUpa sambandha se avasthita hai| isa liye nIla aura utpala zabda se hameM kramaza: anIlavyAvRtti se viziSTa aura anutpalavyAvRtti se viziSTa tattad vastu rUpa artha hI abhipreta hai / - to yaha bhI galata hai / kAraNa, tattad vyAvRtti se viziSTa vastu yadi svalakSaNa rUpa hai to vaha to Apa ke matAnusAra zabda se vAcya hI nahIM hai / yadi use zabdavAcya mAneMge to Apane hI jo usa pakSa meM doSanirUpaNa kiyA hai vaha prasakta hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki svalakSaNa anyavyAvRtti se viziSTa siddha nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, anyavyAvRtti to avastu rUpa hai jaba ki vaha asAdhAraNa svalakSaNarUpa artha to vasturUpa hai; vastu aura avastu ina donoM meM koI sambandha hI ghaTa nahIM sakatA (jisa se ki vastu ko avastu se viziSTa kahA jA sake) kyoMki sambandha to vastubhUta do arthoM para nirbhara hai| apoha kI vizeSaNatA kA asambhava kadAcit mAna le ki avastu kA bhI sambandha hotA hai / tathApi apoha meM vizeSaNarUpatA yukti se saMgata

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56 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam bhavati / kiM tarhi ? jJAtaM sad yat svAkArAnuraktayA buddhyA vizeSyaM raJjayati tad vizeSaNam / na cApohe'yaM prakAraH sambhavati / na hyazvAdibuddhayA'poho'dhyavasIyate, kiM tarhi ? vastveva, ato'pohasya bodhA'sambhavAd na tena svabuddhayA rajyate azvAdi / na cA'jJAto'pyapoho vizeSaNaM bhavati / na hyagRhItavizeSaNA vizeSye buddhirupajAyamAnA dRSTA / bhavatu vA'pohajJAnam tathApi vastuni tadAkArabuddhyabhAvAt tasya tadvizeSaNatvamayuktam / sarvameva hi vizeSaNaM svAkArAnurUpAM vizeSye buddhiM janayad dRSTam na tvanyAdRzaM vizeSaNamanyAdRzIM buddhiM vizeSye janayati / na hi nIlamutpale 'raktam' iti pratyayamutpAdayati daNDo ar 'kuNDalI' iti / na cAtrAzvAdiSvabhAvAnuraktA zAbdI buddhirupajAyate, kiM tarhi ? bhAvAkArAdhyavasAyinI / yadi punarvizeSaNAnanurUpatayA'nyathA vyavasthite'pi vizeSye sAdhvI vizeSaNakalpanA tathA sarvameva nIlAdi sarvasya vizeSaNamityavyavasthA syAt / nApyapohenApi svabuddhyA vizeSyaM vastvanurajyata iti vaktavyam, tathAbhyupagame'bhAvarUpeNa vastunaH pratItervastutvameva na syAt bhAvAbhAvayorvirodhAt / nahIM hotI / aisA nahIM hai ki nIlAdi sat hai itane mAtra se utpalAdi kA vizeSaNa ho jAya / to ? " jJAta hote huye jo apane AkAra se anurakta buddhi ke dvArA vizeSya ko uparaJjita kare" arthAt vizeSyaniSThapratyAsatti se vizeSyoM meM jo svaprakAraka buddhi ko utpanna kare vahI vizeSaNa kahA jAtA hai / apoha meM yaha bAta sambhavita nahIM haiM kyoMki azvAdi ko dekhate haiM taba apoha kA kucha bhI bhAna nahIM hotA / ( usa kI gandha bhI nahIM AtI 1) to kisakA bhAna hotA hai ? azvAdi vastu kA / isa liye apoha kA bhAna usa vakta na hone se, apoha apanI buddhi ke mAdhyama se azvAdi ko uparaJjita nahIM kara sakatA / phalata: azvAdibuddhikAla meM ajJAta apoha azvAdi kA vizeSaNa nahIM ho sakatA / yaha prasiddha hai ki vizeSaNa agRhIta rahane para vizeSya meM (arthAt azvAdi kI vizeSyarUpa meM) buddhi utpanna hotI nahIM dIkhAI detI / isa liye apoha aura azvAdi kA vizeSaNa- vizeSyarUpa se bhAna saMbhavita nahIM hai / yadi kaheM ki - 'apoha kA sarvathA bhAna nahIM hotA aisA to nahIM hai apoha kI pratIti hotI hai' to bhI azvAdi vastu meM apohAkAra (yAnI apohaprakAraka) buddhi na hone se apoha ko vizeSaNa mAnanA ayukta hai / spaSTa dIkhatA hai ki jo koI vizeSaNa hotA hai vaha avazya vizeSya meM (yAnI azvAdivizeSyaka) apane AkAra ke anurUpa (yAnI svaprakAraka ) buddhi ko utpanna karatA hai / ( tabhI to vaha vizeSaNa kahA jAtA hai / ) vizeSaNa kucha ora ho ora vizeSya meM kucha ora AkAra kI buddhi utpanna ho aisA kabhI nahIM hotA / kamala meM 'nIla' vizeSaNa kabhI raktAkAra pratIti ko utpanna karatA nahIM hai evaM daNDAtmaka vizeSaNa kabhI 'yaha kuMDalI hai aisI kuNDalI - AkAra pratIti utpanna nahIM karatA hai / isI taraha azvAdi pada ke uccAraNa zAbdabodha nahIM hotA hai, kintu vidhirUpa bhAvAkAra azva kA hI bodha hotA hai / abhAvAkAra azvAdi kA ananurUpa vizeSaNa hone kI sambhAvanA meM kSati vizeSya meM (haMsAdi meM) na ghaTa sake aise (nIlAdi) vizeSaNa ke liye vaha vizeSya anurUpa yAnI yogya na hone para bhI arthAt niHzaMkata: usa se viruddha prakAra ke hi vizeSaNa se yukta hone para bhI usa vizeSya meM ananurUpa vizeSaNa hone kI kalpanA ko yukta mAnA jAya taba to hara koI nIlAdi padArtha vastumAtra kA bhale ananurUpa vizeSaNa ho sakegA - phira kaise yaha vyavasthA rahegI ki zuMga mahiSa kA vizeSaNa hai aura azva kA nahIM

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 etadevAha [lo0 vA0 apo0 zlo0 86 taH 91] na cAsAdhAraNaM vastu gamyate'pohavat tayA / kathaM vA parikalpyeta sambandho vastvavastunoH || svarUpasattvamAtreNa na syAd kiMcid vizeSaNam / svabuddhayA rajyate yena vizeSyaM tad vizeSaNam // na cApyazvAdizabdebhyo jAyate'pohabodhanam / "vizeSyabuddhiriSTeha na cA'jJAtavizeSaNA // na cAnyarUpamanyAdRk kuryAM jJAnaM vizeSaNam / kathaM cAnyAdRze jJAne taducyate vizeSaNam // athAnyathA vizeSyespi syAd vizeSaNakalpanA / tathA sati hi yat kiMcit prasajyeta vizeSaNam // abhAvagamyarUpe ca na vizeSye'sti vastutA / vizeSitamapohena vastu vAcyaM na te'styataH // 1 -- athAnyavyAvRtte vastuni zabdaliGgayoH pravRttirdRzyate nApoharahite, ato'pohaH zabda- liGgAbhyAM pratipAdyata ityabhidhIyate na prasajyapratiSedhamAtrapratipAdanAt, ata eva na pratItyAdivirodhodbhAvanaM yuktam / asadetat yato yadi nAma tad vastvanyato vyAvRttaM tathApi tatrotpadyamAnaH zabdaliGgodbhavo bodho'nyavyAvRttiM hai ? aisA nahIM mAna sakate ki 'apoha bhI apane AkAra kI buddhi se azvAdi vizeSyarUpa vastu ko uparaJjita karatA hai' / yadi mAneMge taba to azvAdi kI pratIti bhAvarUpa se ( vasturUpa se) na hokara abhAvarUpa se (avasturUpa se) hone ke kAraNa, azvAdimeM vastutva kA uccheda ho jAyegA, kyoMki bhAvAkAra aura abhAvAkAra paraspara viruddha hotA hai / (isaliye azvAdi ko abhAvAkAra buddhi viSaya mAnane para usakI bhAvarUpatA kA lopa prasakta hogA / ) 57 yahI bAta kumArila karatA hai " zAbdika pratIti se aisA bhAna nahIM hotA ki asAdhAraNa vastu apohaviziSTa hai tathA vastu ke sAtha avastu ke sambandha kI kalpanA bhI kaise ho sakatI hai ? apanI sattA mAtra se koI 'vizeSaNa' nahIM bana sakatA / jo apanI buddhi se vizeSya ko uparaJjita kare vahI vizeSaNa hotA hai / 'azva' Adi zabdoM se apoha kA to bodha nahIM hotA / jaba usa kA vizeSaNarUpa se bodha na ho taba taka vizeSya kA (yAnI viziSTa kA) bhAna bhI zakya nahIM hai / ekasvarUpavAlA vizeSaNa anyasvarUpaviSayaka jJAna karA nahIM sakatA / jJAna agara anyasvarUpaviSayaka ho to vaha ekasvarUpavAlA kaise 'vizeSaNa' kahA jAya ? yadi anyasvarUpa (vasturUpa) vizeSya hone para bhI avasturUpa apoha 'vizeSaNa' hone kI kalpanA kI jAyegI to koI bhI kisI kA vizeSaNa hone kA atiprasaMga hogA / aura 'vizeSya' yadi abhAvarUpa se jJAta hogA taba to viziSTa vastu zabdavAcya ho nahIM sakatI / " anyavyAvRtti zabda - liMga kA viSaya nahIM apohavAdI : zabda aura liMga kI pravRtti jaba jaba hotI hai taba anyavyAvRtta goAdi vastu meM hI hotI hai avyAvRtta meM yAnI apohazUnya meM nahIM hotI / yahI kAraNa hai ki hama apoha ko zabda aura liMga kA grAhya mAnate haiN| sirpha prasajyapratiSedha mAtra kA pratipAdaka hone se hama apoha ko vAcya dikhAte haiM - aisA nahIM hai isaliye prasajyapratiSedhAdi ko le kara Apane jo pratItivirodhAdi doSoM kA udbhAvana kiyA hai vaha yukta nahIM hai / mImAMsaka : yaha bAta galata hai / kAraNa, ThIka hai ki vaha 'go' Adi vastu anya azvAdi se vyAvRtta hI hotI hai, kintu usa kA matalaba yaha nahIM hai ki jaba zabda yA liMga se go Adi kI buddhi utpanna ho taba usa meM rahI huI anyavyAvRtti bhI viSayarUpa se bhASita ho / to kyA matalaba hai ? matalaba yaha hai ki zabda * lokavArttike 'viziSTabuddhi' iti pAThAntaram /

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58 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam satImapi nAvalambate, kiM tarhi ? vastvaMzamevAbhidhAvati, tatraivAnurAgAt / ya eva cAMzo vastunaH zAbdena laiGgikena vA pratyayenAvasIyate sa eva tasya viSayaH nAnavasIyamAnaH sannapi / na hi mAlatIzabdasya gandhAdayo vidyamAnatayA vAcyA vyavasthApyante / na cApyetadu(yu)ktam yad anyavyAvRtte vastuni zabdaliMgayoH pravRttiH, yato'nyavyAvRttaM vastu bhavatA matena svalakSaNameva bhaveta, na ca tat zabdaliGgajAyAM buddhau viparivarttate iti, tasya nirvikalpabuddhiviSayatvAt, bhavadabhiprAyeNa zabdaliGgajabuddhezca sAmAnyaviSayatvAt / na cA'sAdhAraNaM vastu zAbdaliGgajapratyayAdhigamyam, tatra vikalpAnAM pratyastamayAt / tathAhi - vikalpo jAtyAdivizeSaNasaMsparzenaiva pravarttate na zuddhavastUpagrahaNe, na ca zabdenAgamyamAnamapyasAdhAraNaM vastu vyAvRttyA viziSTamabhidhAtuM zakyam / yataH / zabdenA'gamyamAnaM ca vizeSyamiti sAhasam / tena sAmAnyameSTavyaM viSayo buddhi-zabdayoH // [zlo. vA0 apo0 zlo. 94] itazca sAmAnyaM vastubhUtaM zabdaviSayaH, yato vyaktInAmasAdhAraNavasturUpANAmavAcyatvAnnApohAtA anuktasya nirAkartumazakyatvAt, apohyeta sAmAnyam tasya vAcyatvAt, apohAnAM tvabhAvarUpatayA'pohyatvA'sambhavAt tattve vA vastutvameva syAt / tathAhi- yadyapohAnAmapohyatvaM bhavet tadaiSAmabhAvarUpatvaM aura liMga 'go' Adi ke gotvAdi vasturUpa aMza ko hI sparza karate haiM, kyoMki usI meM una kA anurAga (= saMketasambandha) hotA hai / yaha niyama hai ki vastu kA jo aMza zabdajanya yA liMgajanya pratIti meM bhAsita hotA hai vahI usa pratIti kA viSaya hotA hai / dUsare aMza vastu meM hote huye bhI bhAsita na hone para usa pratIti kA viSaya nahIM hotA / jaise - 'mAlatI' zabda se mAlatIpuSpa kI pratIti hone se vahI usa zabda kA vAcya mAnA jAtA hai, surabhigandhAdi bahuta se usa ke dharma usa meM vidyamAna hote haiM phira bhI 'mAlatI' zabda se una kA bhAna nahIM hotA hai isaliye ve 'mAlatI' zabda ke vAcya nahIM mAne jAte / / yaha bhI samajha lo ki anyavyAvRtta vastu meM zabda aura liMga kI pravRtti mAnanA Apa ke mata meM yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, Apa ke mata se anyavyAvRtta vastu kyA hai ? svalakSaNa hI hai, vaha to zAbdika yA laiGgika pratIti kA viSaya hI nahIM hotA, kyoMki Apa ke mata meM svalakSaNa sirpha nirvikalpapratyakSa se hI grAhya hotA hai aura zabdaliMgajanya buddhi kA viSaya to sirpha (kalpita) sAmAnya hI hotA hai / isaliye asAdhAraNa svalakSaNa vastu kA zabdajanya yA liMgajanya pratIti se bhAna hI nahIM hotA kyoMki vikalpamAtra kI vahA~ pahu~ca nahIM hai / dekhiye, vikalpajJAna to jAti-sambandha Adi vizeSaNoM ko sparzate hue hI vastu kA bodha karAtA hai, zuddha vastu kA bodha nahIM karAtA / isa prakAra jaba yaha asAdhAraNa vastu zabdajanyapratIti kA viSaya hI nahIM hai to anyavyAvRttiviziSTa vastu usa pratIti kA viSaya hone kI bAta kahA~ ? isaliye yaha jo kumArilane kahA hai vahI Apa ko mAnanA paDegA ki - "zabda se jisa kA bodha nahIM hotA usako vizeSya kahanA (yA mAnanA) sAhasa (avicArikRtya) hai, isaliye sAmAnya ko bhI goAdibuddhi aura zabda kA viSaya mAna lenA cAhiye / " zabda kA viSaya vastubhUta sAmAnya hai isa tathya kI isa prakAra bhI siddhi hotI hai ki - asAdhAraNa vasturUpa vyakti lI jAya to vaha zabda kA vAcya na hone se usa kA apoha (niSedha) bhI zakya nahIM hai kyoMki jaba taka kisI bhI prakAra zabda se usa vyakti kA ullekha na kiyA jAya taba taka usakA niSedha bhI kaise ho

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 vipratiSiddhaM bhvet| pratiSedhe ca sati abhAvairabhAvarUpatvaM tyaktaM syaat| tatathA'bhAvAnAmapohalakSaNAnAmabhAvarUpatyAgAd vastutvameva bhavet, tacca na zabdaviSayaH / yadvA'bhAvAnAmabhAvAbhAvAt na hyabhAvasvabhAvA apohA apohyA yujyante, vastuviSayatvAt pratiSedhasya / tasmAdazcAdau gavAderapoho bhavan sAmAnyasyaiveti nizcIyate iti siddhamapohayatvAd vastutvaM sAmAnyasya / taduktam - [zlo. vA0 apo0 95-96] yadA vA zabdavAcyatvAna vyaktinAmapohyatA / tadA'pohota sAmAnyaM tasyApohAcca vastutA // nApohyatvamabhAvAnAmabhAvAbhAvavarjanAt / vyakto'pohAntare'pohastasmAt sAmAnyavastunaH // api ca, apohAnAM parasparato vailakSaNyamavailakSaNyaM vA ? tatrAye pakSe'bhAvasyAgozabdasyAbhidheyasyAsakatA hai ? [bauddha to mAnatA hai ki zabda se vikalpa hotA hai aura vikalpa kA viSaya sAmAnya hotA hai] phalata: vyakti ko chor3a kara jAti kA hI apoha mAnanA hogA kyoMki vaha zabdavAcya hotI hai| [yadi kaheM ki sAmAnya bhale apoha mAnA jAya kintu itane mAtra se vaha sAmAnya 'vasturUpa' hone kI siddhi kaise huI ? to isakA uttara yaha hai ki-] yadi usa sAmAnya ko vasturUpa na mAna kara apoharUpa mAneMge to usa kA apoha (niSedha) zakya hI nahIM rahegA kyoMki apoha svayaM hI niSedharUpa hone se usakA apoha (=niSedha) sambhavita hI nahIM hai / yadi usa kA niSedha sambhava mAneMge to abhAvarUpa apoha kA apoha karane para usakI bhAvarUpatA yAnI vasturUpatA svata: siddha ho jAyegI / tAtparya yaha hai ki 'go' zabda se ago (azva) kA apoha karanA hai aura 'ago' yadi azvatvAdirUpa na mAna kara go-apoha rUpa mAneMge to usa apoha kA apoha karane se gotva rUpa vastu hI 'go' zabda kI vAcya siddha hogI kyoMki abhAva kA abhAva vasturUpa hotA hai / dekhiye - apoha ko jaba Apa apoha kA viSaya banAte haiM taba apoha kI abhAvarUpatA kA hI niSedha kara rahe haiM aura niSedha karane para apoha kI abhAvarUpatA kA tyAga hogA / phalata: abhAvasvarUpa apohoM kI abhAvarUpatA ke tyAga se vasturUpatA siddha hogI aura yadi use vyaktirUpa mAneMge to vaha zabda kA viSaya nahIM hai isa liye usa vastu ko sAmAnya (jAti)rUpa mAnanA paDegA / isa prakAra sAmAnya kI vasturUpatA siddha hogii| ['athavA' kara ke aba anya vidvAnoM kA abhiprAya dikhAte haiM / ] athavA sAmAnya vastubhUta isa liye siddha hotA hai ki abhAvoM kA abhAva nahIM hotA / matalaba abhAvarUpa svabhAva jina kA ho una kA apoha (niSedha) yukta nahIM hai kyoMki niSedha sarvadA vastu ko hI viSaya karatA hai / isaliye azvAdi meM jo goAdi kA apoha (niSedha) hogA vaha gotva Adi rUpa sAmAnya kA hI siddha hotA hai / jaise ki kumArilane kahA hai - "jaba vyaktiyA~ zabdavAcya na hone se apoha kA viSaya siddha nahIM hotI, to siddha hotA hai ki 'apoha kA viSaya sAmAnya hotA hai aura usameM rahI huI apohaviSayatA hI usa kI vasturUpatA ko dhvanita karatI hai|" (apoha viSayatA se vastutva kaise ? uttara:-) abhAva kI abhAvarUpatA kA bhaMga hone ke atiprasaMga se apoha kA viSaya abhAvAtmaka nahIM ho sakatA / isaliye (agorUpa) eka apoha kA apoha karanA ho to anya vastubhUta (azvatvAdi) sAmAnya ko hI apohaviSaya mAnanA hogaa|" apohoM meM paraspara vailakSaNya-availakSaNya vikalpa yaha bhI apohavAdI ko prazna hai ki apoha ekadUsare se vilakSaNa hote haiM yA nahIM hote ? vilakSaNa-pakSa

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60 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam bhAvo gozabdAbhidheyaH / sa cet pUrvoktAdabhAvAd vilakSaNastadA bhAva eva bhavet abhAvanivRttirUpatvAd bhAvasya / na ced vilakSaNastadA gaurapyagauH prasajyeta tadavailakSaNyena tAdAtmyapratipatteH / syAt gavAzvAdizabdaiH svalakSaNAnyeva parasparato vyAvRttAnyapohyante nAbhAvaH, tenA'pohyatvena vastutvaprasaGgApAdanaM nAniSTam / asadetat - yadyapi sacchabdAdanyeSu gavAdizabdeSu vastunaH parvatAderapohyatA sidhyati, sacchabdasya tvabhAvAkhyAdapohyAnnAnyadapohyamasti asadvyavacchedena sacchabdasya pravRttatvAt tatazca pUrvavadabhAvAbhAvavarjanAd asato'pohe vastutvameva syAd ityapohavAdino'bhyupagamaviruddhA'sadvastutvaprasaktiH / athA' svabhAvasyApi vastutvam / ' na, abhAvasyApisi (syA'si ) ddhau kasyacid bhAvasyaivA'siddheH, abhAvavyavacchedena tasya bhavanmatena sthitalakSaNatvAt / abhAvasya vA'pohyatve sati vastutvaprasaMgena svarUpAsiddherasattvamapi na sidhyati tasya sattvavyavacchedarUpatvAt sattvasya ca yathoktena prakAreNA'yogAt / na cAtra " apohyaiH sa bahiH saMsthitairbhiyate"" ityAdau " avastutvAdapohAnAM naiva bhedaH" ityAdau ( pR0 meM gozabda se vAcya abhAva kA apoha go-zabda kA vAcyArtha banegA / aba yaha gozabdavAcya abhAva yadi agozabdavAcya abhAva se vilakSaNa hogA to gozabdavAcya apoha bhAvarUpa mAnanA paDegA kyoMki abhAva kI nivRtti ( arthAt goapoha kA apoha) bhAvasvarUpa honA nyAyaprApta hai / avilakSaNa pakSa meM to gau aura agau eka bana jAne kI vipadA hogI / kAraNa, agozabdavAcya goapoha aura usakA apoha jo ki gozabdavAcya hai donoM avilakSaNa - pakSa meM abhinna hone se tAdAtmyApana ho jAte haiM, isaliye gozabdavAcya aura agozabdavAcya meM koI bheda nahIM rahatA / yadi mana meM aisA ho ki - " go- azvAdi zabdoM ke dvArA abhAvoM kA apoha nahIM hotA kintu paraspara vyAvRtta go- azvAdi svalakSaNoM kA hI apoha kiyA jAtA hai / [ go zabda azvAtmaka svalakSaNa kA aura azvazabda se gosvalakSaNa kA apoha hotA hai] isa liye Apane jo pahale apoha viSaya meM vastutva prasakta hone kI vipadA batAyI thI vaha koI aniSTarUpa hai nahIM / " to yaha galata hai / hAlA~ki 'sat' zabda ko choDa kara dUsare go- azvAdizabdoM ke dvArA eka dUsare vastu ko apoha kA viSaya mAnanA ThIka hai, tathApi 'sat' zabda ke dvArA apoha kA viSaya abhAva ko choDa kara aura to koI svalakSaNa hai nahIM, kyoMki asat ke hI vyavacchedarUpa meM 'sat' zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai / phalataH 'sat' zabda se asat kA apoha mAnanA hogA jaise ki pahale 'abhAvAbhAvavarjanAt' isa vAkya se dikhAyA gayA hai / jaba asat kA apoha mAneMge to apoha kA viSaya hone se asat meM vastutva kI prasakti hogI jo apohavAdI ke mata se spaSTa viruddha hai / abhAva ko vasturUpa mAnane para anyonyAzraya yadi kaheM ki 'abhAva ko hama vasturUpa hI mAna legeM" to yahA~ anyonyAzraya doSa isa prakAra hai ki abhAva ko vasturUpa mAnane se usa ko 'sat' rUpa arthAt bhAvarUpa hI mAnanA paDegA / phalataH abhAva kI abhAvarUpa se sarvathA asiddhi ho jAyegI / jaba abhAva asiddha ho jAyegA to kisI bhI bhAva kI siddhi bhI nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki Apa ke mata se abhAvavyavaccheda dvArA hI bhAva kI sthiti hotI hai / apoha kA viSaya mAnane para abhAva vastutva kI Apatti hone se abhAva apane niSedhasvarUpa ko kho baiThegA / phalata: kisI asattva (= abhAva ) kI bhI siddhi na ho sakegI / isa prakAra abhAva kI siddhi hone para bhAva kI siddhi aura *. 'ityapi sAhasam' iti zeSa: dRSTavya pR0 49 3 /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 48 paM0 4) ca - 'na khalvapohyabhedAdAdhArabhedAd vA'pohAnAM bhedaH, api tvanAdikAlapravRttavicitravitayArthavikalpavAsanAbhedAnvayaistattvato nirviSayairapyabhinna viSayAlambibhibhiriva pratyayairbhinneSvartheSu bAhyeSu bhinnA ivAtmAna ivA'svabhAvA apyapohAH samAropyante / te caivaM tathA taiH samAropitAH bhinnAH santazca pratibhAsante yena vAsanAbhedAd bhedaH sadrUpatA vA'pohAnAM bhaviSyati' - ityayaM parihAro vaktuM yuktaH, yato na vastuni vAsanA sambhavati, vAsanAhetonirviSayapratyayasyA'yogAt, tadabhAvAd vitayArthAnAM vikalpAnAmasaMbhavAt AlambanabhUte vastunyasati nirviSayajJAnA'yogena vAsanAdhAyakavijJAnAbhAvato na vAsanA, tatazca vAsanA'bhAvAt kuto vAsanAkRto'pohAnAM bhedaH sadrUpatA vA ? ato vAcyAbhimatApohAbhAvaH / tathA vAcakAbhimatasyApi tasyAbhAva eva / tathApi(?thAhi) zabdAnAM bhinnasAmAnyavAcinAM vizebhAva kI siddhi hone para abhAva kI siddhi-anyonyAzraya doSa prasakta hogA / kAraNa, asattva sattvavyavacchedarUpa hai aura sattva kI siddhi uparokta rIti se abhAva vasturUpa ho jAne para saMbhava nahIM hai / vAsanAbheda apohabheda kA prayojaka honA asambhava apohavAdI : apoha kA khaMDana karate hue jo Apane kahA thA [pR0 49-14] kI 'bahiraMgabhUta apohyoM ke bheda se apohoM kA bheda nahIM ho sakatA' tathA yaha jo kahA thA ki (pR.48-21) 'apoha vasturUpa na hone se una meM bheda nahIM ho sakatA' - isa ke sAmane hamArA kahanA yaha hai ki hama apohya (azvAdi) ke bheda se yA Azrayabheda se apohoM kA bheda nahIM mAnate kintu vAsanAbheda se mAnate haiM / dekhiye - parasparavyAvRtta arthoM meM anugata koI vastu nahIM hotI / phira bhI anAdikAla se avasturUpa anugata asadarthaviSayaka vikalpa hotA AyA hai aura una vikalpoM se vaisI vAsanA bhI hotI AyI hai / ina vAsanAoM ke bheda kA, una se hone vAlI pratItiyoM meM bhI anvaya hotA hai / phalata: vAstava meM nirviSayaka hone para bhI una pratItiyoM meM bhinnaviSayAvalambitA bhAsita hotI hai / isa prakAra vAsanAjanya pratItiyoM ke dvArA go-azva Adi bAhya arthoM meM ni:svabhAva hone para bhI apohoM kA aisA AropAtmaka bhAna hotA hai ki ve bhinna haiM aura mAnoM ki artharUpa vAstava hI haiN| isa taraha AropAtmaka bhAna meM ve (apoha) bhinna bhinna aura 'sat' rUpa bhAsita hote haiM / isaliye vAsanAbheda ke prabhAva se apohoM meM bhinnatA aura kAlpanika 'sadrUpatA' ho sakatI hai| sAmAnyavAdI : yaha samAdhAna bolane jaisA bhI nahIM hai / kAraNa, jo avasturUpa hai usa ke viSaya meM kisI ko bhI koI vAsanA nahIM hotI / samAnaviSayaka pratIti se samAnaviSayaka vAsanA ke janma kA niyama hai / jaba isa prakAra nirviSayaka vAsanA kA sambhava nahIM hai to usase asadarthaviSayaka vikalpoM ke janma kI to bAta hI kahA~ ? viSayabhUta vastu ke na hone para nirviSayakajJAnotpatti kA sambhava na hone se, vAsanA kA AdhAna karane vAle vijJAna ke abhAva meM vAsanA kA janma asambhava hai| jaba isa prakAra vAsanA kA sambhava nahIM hai to usa ke bheda se apohoM meM bhinnatA aura sadrUpatA bhI kaise ho sakatI hai ? niSkarSa : vAcyarUpa se abhimata apoha asiddha hai| apoha ke vAcaka apohAtmaka zabda kA abhAva jaba vAcyarUpa se apoha kI siddhi nahIM hai taba usa ke vAcakarUpa meM zabda kI siddhi bhI zakya nahIM *. 'tavApi' iti limbaDI jJAnakozAdarza /

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62 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pavAcinAM ca parasparato bhedo vAsanAbhedanimitto vA syAt vAcyApohabhedanimitto vA ? nanu pratyakSata eva zabdAnAM kAraNabhedAt viruddhadharmAdhyAsAcca bhedaH prasiddha eveti praznAnupapattiH / asadetat yato vAcakaM zabdamaGgIkRtya praznaH / na ca zrotrajJAnAvaseyaH svalakSaNAtmA zabdo vAcakaH, saMketakAlAnubhUtasya vyavahArakAle ciravinaSTatvAt tasya, na tena vyavahAra iti na svalakSaNasya vAcakatvaM bhavadabhiprAyeNa, avivAdazcAtra / yathoktam - "nArthazabdavizeSasya vAcyavAcakateSyate / tasya pUrvamadRSTatvAt sAmAnyaM tUpadekSyate // "[ ] tasmAt vAcakaM zabdamadhikRtya praznakaraNAdadoSaH / "tatra zabdAntarApohe sAmAnya parikalpite / tathaivAvasturUpatvAcchabdabhedo na kalpyate // zlo. vA0 apoha. 104] yathA pUrvoktena vidhinA 'saMsRSTaikatvanAnAtva' - (pR. 48 paM.4) ityAdinA vAcyApohAnAM parasparato bhedo na ghaTate tathA zabdApohAnAmapi nIrUpatvAnAsau yuktaH / yathA ca vAcakAnAM parasparato bhedo na saMgacchate evaM vAcyavAcakayorapi mitho bhedo'nupapatraH, niHsvabhAvatvAt / na cApohAbhedAd bhedo bhaviSyati 'na vizeSaH svatastasya' ityAdinA prativihitatvAt / tadevaM pratijJAyAH pratItyabhyupetabAdhA vyavasthitA / hai| phira bhI vAcaka zabda ke Upara kucha vicAraNA kara le - gotva-azvatva Adi bhinna bhinna sAmAnya ke vAcaka aura gaganAdi vyakti vizeSa ke vAcaka zabdoM meM bheda to siddha hI hai| [sabhI zabda sabhI artha ke vAcaka nahIM haiM 1] yahA~ apohavAdI isa zabdabheda ko vAsanAbhedamUlaka mAnatA hai yA vAcya apohoM ke bheda ke kAraNa ? ___ apohavAdI : zabdoM meM apane apane prayatnAdi kAraNoM ke bheda se aura katva-khatvAdi viruddhadharmoM kA adhyAsa hone se, pratyakSa se hI bheda siddha hai isaliye ukta prazna niravakAza hai| sAmAnyavAdI : Apa kI bAta galata hai, kyoMki hama pratyakSasiddha bheda vAle zabda ke liye prazna nahIM uThAte kintu jina ko (agozabdApohAdi ko) Apa apoha ke vAcaka mAnate haiM una zabdoM ke liye hamArA prabha hai| [ye donoM eka nahIM hai, kAraNa] jo zrotrajanyapratyakSa se siddha svalakSaNAtmaka zabda hai usa ko to Apa vAcaka mAna hI nahIM sakate, kyoMki saMketakAla meM jisa zabda kA pratyakSa kiyA hai vaha ciravinaSTa hone se vyavahArakAla meM maujuda hI nahIM hai to usa (pratyakSIkRta) zabdasvalakSaNa se vAcyArthoM kA vyavahAra azakya hai isa liye svalakSaNarUpa zabdoM ko vAcaka nahIM mAna sakate - isa bAta meM koI vivAda nahIM hai / kahA bhI hai ki "arthavizeSa aura zabdavizeSa ke bIca vAcya-vAcakabhAva jacatA nahIM, kyoMki ve donoM pahale (saMketakAla meM) ajJAta the / isaliye donoM ke sAmAnya meM vaha kahA jAtA hai / "[ ] isaliye vAcaka zabda ko lekara pUrvokta prazna karane meM koI doSa nahIM hai / "aba sAmAnya ko yadi vAcaka mAneMge to vaha to Apa ke mata se apoharUpa hai isa liye agozabdApoha ko hI vAcaka mAnanA hogA / taba to vAcaka kI taraha vasturUpa na hone ke kAraNa vAcakarUpa se abhimata apohAtmaka zabdoM meM bhedakalpanA azakya ho jAyegI / " tAtparya, pahale batAye huye DhaMga se - avastu meM saMsRSTatva-ekatva yA pRthaktva Adi saMgata na hone se vAcyApoha meM paraspara bheda saMgata nahIM - isI prakAra vAcaka zabdApoha meM bhI paraspara bheda ghaTa nahIM sakegA kyoMki apoharUpa hone se svabhAvazUnya hai / isa prakAra 'apoha hI zabdArtha hai' isa pratijJA meM pratItibAdha aura svamAnyatAvirodha spaSTa hai|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 sAmprataM vAcya-vAcakatvAbhAvaprasaMgApAdanAdabhyupetabAdhAdidoSaM pratipipAdayiSuH pramANayati - ye avastunI na tayorgamya-gamakatvamasti yathA khapuSpa-zazazRMgayoH, avastunI ca vAcya-vAcakApohau bhavatAmiti vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiH / nanu ca meghAbhAvAd vRSTayabhAvapratIterhetoranaikAntikatA / ayuktametat; yasmAt tadviviktAkAzA''lokAtmakaM ca vastu matpakSetrApi prayoge'styeva, abhAvasya vastutvapratipAdanAt / bhavatpakSe tu na kevalamapohayorvivAdAspadIbhUtayorgamyagamakatvaM na yuktam api tvetadapi vRSTimeghAbhAvayorgamyagamakatvamayuktameva / kiMca, yadetad bhavadbhiranvayopasarjanayorvyatirekapradhAnayoH svaviSayapratipAdakatvaM zabda-liMgayorvarNyate, ycc| "adRSTeranyazabdArthe svArthasyAMze'pi darzanAt / zruteH sambandhasaukarya na cAsti vybhicaaritaa||"[ ] ityAdi varNitam tadapyapohAbhyupagame'saMgatam / yataH [zlo0 vA. apo0 - 110] "vidhirUpazca zabdArtho yena nAbhyupagamyate / na bhaved vyatireko'pi tasya tatpUrvako hyasau" // uparokta rIti se vAcya-vAcaka bhAva kI abhAva prasakti ke ApAdana se bauddhamata meM honevAle bAdhAdi doSoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke liye anumAna pramANa kA prayoga isa prakAra hai -- "jo (vAcakApoha aura vAcyApoha) vasturUpa nahIM hai una meM gamya-gamaka bhAva nahIM hotA, jaise gaganapuSpa aura zazaviSANa meM / Apa ke abhimata vAcyApoha aura vAcakApoha vasturUpa nahIM hai / " bauddha ko apohayugala meM jo gamya-gamaka bhAva abhimata hai usakA dhyApaka hai vastutva / usa ke virodhI vastutva kI yahA~ apohayugala meM upalabdhi hai-vaha vyApakarUpa vastutva kI upalabdhi kI nivartaka hone se gamya-gamakabhAva kI bhI nivRtti siddha karatI hai| __ apohavAdI : avasturUpa hone para bhI meghAbhAva aura vRSTike abhAva meM kramaza: gamaka-gamya bhAva hotA hai isaliye Apa kA avastutva hetu anaikAntika (=sAdhyadrohI) tthhregaa| __sAmAnyavAdI : yaha bAta galata hai / kAraNa, hamAre mata meM to megharahita jo gagana yA Aloka rUpa vastu hai vahI meghAbhAva aura vRSTi-abhAva rUpa hai arthAt abhAva hamAre mata meM adhikaraNa vasturUpa hI hai / isaliye hamAre pakSa meM meghAbhAva se vRSTi-abhAva sAdhaka prayoga meM vastu hI vastu kA gamaka hai, avastu avastu kA gamaka nahIM hai| Apa ke pakSa meM eka saMkaTa to yaha hai hI ki vivAdagrasta apoha-apoha meM gamya-gamakatva ghaTita nahIM hotA, dUsarA saMkaTa yaha Apane hI yAda karAyA ki vRSTiabhAva aura meghAbhAva meM bhI gamya-gamakabhAva nahIM ghaTegA, kyoMki Apa abhAva ko tuccha = avasturUpa mAnate haiM / __tathA anvaya (=vidhirUpa) ko gauNa kara ke vyatireka (=vyAvRttisvarUpa) ko pradhAnatA dekara jo Apane zabda aura liMga meM apane apane viSaya kI sUcakatA dikhAyI hai - tathA, "anya zabdArtha ke na dekhane se [arthAt go se anya azvAdi ke liye gozabdaprayoga aura go ke liye anya azvAdizabdoM kA prayoga na dikhAI dene se] evaM apane (gozabda ke) arthabhUta go ke aMza(bhUta anyApoha) ke liye (go)zabda kA prayoga dikhAI dene se zabda kA (artha ke sAtha) sambandha vinA kaThinAI ke gRhIta hotA hai, koI vyabhicAritA nahIM hai" aisA jo Apane kahA hai vaha bhI apohavAda meM saMgata nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, (jaisA ki zlo0 vA. meM kahA hai)

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vidhinivRttilakSaNatvAd vyatirekasyeti bhAvaH / kiMca, nIlotpalAdizabdAnAM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvaH samAnAdhikaraNyaM ca yadetallokapratItaM tasyADapahnavo'pohavAdinaH prasaktaH / yaccedaM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvasAmAnAdhikaraNyasamarthanArthamucyate - apohyabhedAd bhinnArthA svArthabhedagatau jaDA / ekatvA(?trA)'bhinnakAryatvAd vizeSaNa-vizeSyatA // tanmAtrAkAMkSaNAd bhedaH svasAmAnyena nojjhitaH / nopAttaH saMzayotpatteH saiva caikArthatA tayoH // tadapyanupapannam, yataH parasparaM vyavacchedA(ya)vyavacchedakabhAvo vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvaH, sa ca bAhA(vAkya) eva vyavasthApyate yathA 'nIlo(nIlamu)tpalam' iti / (tathA) vyadhikaraNayorapi yathA 'rAjJaH puruSaH' ityAdau / bhitranimittaprayuktayostu zabdayorekasminnarthe vRttiH sAmAnAdhikaraNyam, tacca 'nIlotpalam' ityAdau vRttAveva vyavasthApyate / na ca nIlotpalAdizabdeSu zabalArthAbhidhAyiSu tatsiddhiH, zabalArthAbhidhAyitvaM ca teSAm "jise vidhirUpa zabdArtha amAnya hai vaha vyatirekarUpa zabdArtha bhI nahIM mAna sakatA kyoMki vyatireka tatpUrvaka hI zakya hotA hai / " tatpUrvaka yAnI vidhirUpapUrvaka / matalaba vyatireka vidhi kA hI niSedharUpa hotA hai| vidhi kA apalApa karane para kisa ke niSedha ko vyatireka batalAyeMge ? vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva, sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI anupapatti aura eka bAta yaha hai ki - lokaprasiddha jo nIla aura utpala Adi zabdoM meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva aura sAmAnAdhikaraNya (yAnI donoM pada kI samAnavibhakti athavA mila kara ekArtha kI bodhakatA) hai, apohavAdI ko usa ke apalApa kA doSa sira para AyegA / unhoMne vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva aura sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI upapatti ke liye jo yaha kahA hai ki - "vizeSaNa-vizeSyavAcaka pada apane apane apohya ke bheda se bhinna bhinna arthavAle hote haiM, phira bhI milakara eka abhinna apohAtmaka artha kA prakAzana kArya karate haiM isa liye taba apane apane bhinna bhinna apohAtmaka artha ke prakAzana meM udAsIna ho jAte haiM - yahI vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva hai; kyoMki vahA~ usa abhinna apohamAtra artha prakAzana kI AkAMkSA hotI hai / ata: apane apane sAmAnyabhUta (bhinna bhinna apoha) se jo bheda rahatA hai usa kA saMzayotpatti ke kAraNa na to grahaNa hotA hai na tyAga / yahI una kI ekArthatA (sAmAnAdhikaraNya) hai" ___- vaha ThIka nahIM hai - vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva kA matalaba hai eka-dUsare kA vyavacchedya-vyavacchedaka honA / jaise 'nIla' zabda zvetAdi utpaloM kA vyavacchedaka hai aura 'utpala' zabda nIlavarNa vAle maSI Adi kA vyavacchedaka hai - donoM eka-dUsare ke vyavacchedaka evaM vyavacchedya haiM / yaha vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva zuddha pada meM to zakya nahIM hai jaba ve vAkya ke aMga bana jAya tabhI hotA hai jaise ki "yaha nIla kamala hai' isa vAkya meM nIla-kamala yahA~ to samAnAdhikaraNa pada hai lekina vyadhikaraNa (=bhinna vibhakti vAle) padoM meM bhI (jaba ki ve vAkyAntargata ho taba) vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva hotA hai - jaise "yaha rAjA kA puruSa hai' yahA~ 'rAjA kA' yaha SaSThIanta pada 'rAjakIya' - rAjasambandhi isa artha meM prathamAnta 'puruSa' pada kA vizeSaNa hai| sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA artha yaha hai ki - jina do zabdoM kA pravRttinimitta ('nIla' kA nIlarUpavattva X. 'tamAtrA' iti tattvasaMgraha zlo0 966 - paMjikAyAm / tayoH = vizeSaNa-vizeSyakayo: zAbdayorityarthaH //

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 "na hi tat kevalaM nIlaM na ca kevalamutpalam / samudAyAbhidheyatvAt" [ ] ityAdinA pratipAditam / yataH anIlatvavyudAse'nutpalatvavyudAso nAsti, nApyanutpalapracyutAvanIlavyudAsa iti nAnayoH parasparamAdhArAdheyasambandho'sti nii(l?)ruuptvaat| na cA'sati sambandhe vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo yuktaH atiprasaGgAt, ato yuSmanmatenAbhAvavAcitvAcchabalArthAbhidhAyitvAsambhavAna vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo yuktaH / abhidheyadvAreNaiva hi tadabhidhAyinoH zabdayorvizeSaNavizeSyabhAva upacaryate, abhidheye ca tasyA'sambhave'bhidhAne'pi kutastadAropaH ? sAmAnAdhikaraNyamapi nIlotpalazabdayorna sambhavati, tadvAcyayoranIlAnutpalavyavacchedalakSaNayorapohayorbhinnatvAt / tacca bhavadbhireva 'apohyabhedAd bhinnArthA'...(pR. 64 paM. 4) ityabhidhAnAdavasIyate / aura 'utpala' kA utpalatva) bhinna bhinna ho aise do zabda samAsa meM prayukta ho kara eka hI viziSTa artha meM vAcyatvasambandha se vRtti ho aura yaha sirpha vRtti meM hI hotA hai / samAsa, taddhita Adi ko vRtti kahate haiM / 'nIlotpala' samAsa ke dvArA nIla pada bhI vizeSaNavidhayA usI kA vAcaka hai jisa kA 'utpala' zabda se nidarzana hotA hai| nIlotpala Adi zabda to citra-vicitra artha ke nirUpaka haiM - una meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya bauddha ke mata se saMbhavita nahIM hai| 'na hi tat.....ityAdi kArikA se itanA to spaSTa hai ki nIlotpalAdi zabda saMkIrNa artha ke vAcaka haiM jaise ki kArikA meM kahA hai ki "kevala 'nIla' nIlotpalazabda kA abhidheya nahIM hai, kevala 'utpala' (=kamala) bhI vaisA nahIM hai kintu una kA samudAya nIlotpala zabda kA abhidheya hai|" isa prakAra jo saMkIrNa artha pratipAdaka zabda hai unameM sAmAnAdhikaraNya apohavAda meM nahIM ghaTa sakatA kyoMki sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke liye donoM zabda eka hI artha ke nirUpaka hone cAhiye - vaha apohavAda meM zakya nahIM hai| kAraNa, nIla zabda anIla kA vyudAsa karegA lekina sabhI anutpala anIla nahIM hote jisase ki nIlazabda se anIlavyudAsa ke sAtha sabhI anutpala kA bhI vyudAsa ho jAya / isI taraha anIla sabhI anutpala rUpa nahIM hote, ata eva utpala zabda se anutpala ke vyavaccheda ke sAtha sabhI anIla kA vyudAsa zakya nahIM hai - isa kA artha yaha huA ki nIla aura utpala zabda ekArthavRtti nahIM bana sakate / tathA, unameM koI AdhArAdheyabhAvarUpa sambandha bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatA kyoMki anutpalApoha aura anIlApoha nIrUpa = tuccha hai, tuccha meM koI sambandha saMbhavatA nhiiN| jaba apohoM meM kisI sambandha kA hI saMbhava nahIM hai to vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva kaise ghaTegA ? vaha bhI to eka sambandha hai jo vastu-vastu ke bIca ho sakatA hai| pratipAdaka mAne jAne vAle zabdoM meM jo vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kahA jAtA hai vaha to una ke pratipAdya arthoM meM rahe hue vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva kA vahA~ upacAra kara ke kahA jAtA hai| kintu apohavAda meM jaba pratipAdya arthoM meM hI vizeSaNAdi bhAva ghaTa nahIM sakatA to pratipAdaka zabdoM meM usa ke upacAra Aropa kI bAta hI kahA~ ? nIlotpala zabda meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya asaMbhava tathA apohavAda meM nIla aura apoha zabdoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI ghaTatA nahIM / kAraNa, nIla zabda kA vAcya anIlApoha aura utpala zabda kA vAcya anutpalApoha hai jo sarvathA apohavAda meM eka artharUpa nahIM kintu bhinna bhinna hai, sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke liye ekArthavRttitA honI cAhiye / apohavAdI ne hI kahA hai ki "apohya

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66 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam prayogaH na nIlotpalAdizabdAH sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAraviSayAH, bhinnaviSayatvAt, ghaTAdizabdavat / na ca yatraiva hyarthe'nutpalavyudAso vartate tatraivAnIlavyudAso'pIti nIlotpalazabdavAcyayorapohayorekasminnarthe vRtteH arthadvArakaM sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM zabdayorapIti vaktuM yuktam, apohayornIrUpatvena kvacidavasthAnA'sambhavato vAstavAdheyatA'yogAd vandhyAsutasyeva / bhavatu vA nIlotpalAdiSvartheSu tayorAdheyatA, tathApi sA vidyamAnA'pi na zabdaiH pratipAdyate, yatastadevA'sAdhAraNatvAnIlotpalAdi vastu na zabdagamyam, svalakSaNasya sarvavikalpAtItatvAt tadapratipattau ca tadadhikaraNayorapohayostadAdheyatA kathaM grahItuM zakyA dharmigrahaNanAntarIyakatvAd dharmagrahaNasya ? na cA'sAdhAraNavastuvyatirekeNa tayoranyadadhikaraNaM sambhavati bhavadabhiprAyeNa / na cA'pratIyamAnaM sadapi sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahArAGgam atiprasaMgAt / na ca vyAvRttimad vastu zabdavAcyam - yato vyAvRttidvayopAdhikayoH zabdayorekasminapohavati vastuni vRtteH sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM bhavet - paratantratvAd nIlAdizabdasyetarabhedAnAkSepakatvAt sa hi vyAvRttyupasarjanaM tadvantamarthamAha na sAkSAt / tatazca sAkSAdanabhidhAnAt anIlAdi ke bheda se anIlApohAdi bhI bhinna hote haiN|" anumAna prayoga yahA~ kara sakate haiM ki nIla-utpalAdi zabda samAnAdhikaraNa vyavahAra ke yogya nahIM hai kyoMki donoM kA vAcya viSaya bhinna hai, jaise ki ghaTapaTAdi zabda / yadi kaheM ki - "anutpalApoha jisa artha meM rahatA hai usI artha meM anIlApoha bhI rahatA hai kyoMki nIla aura utpala zabdoM se vAcya apoha anIlAdi vyAvartya ke bheda se bhinna hone para bhI eka hI nIlotpalarUpa artha ke Azrita hote haiM - isa prakAra vAcyabhUta arthoM kI dRSTi se ekArthavRttitA sampanna ho jAne se una ke vAcaka zabdoM meM bhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya kaha sakeMge' - to yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki apoha to tuccha-ni:svabhAvanIrUpa hai isaliye ve kahIM rahate ho aisA bana nahIM sakatA / vandhyAputra asat hone se kisI bhI gRha yA jaMgala meM nahIM rahatA, isa taraha vAstavika AdheyasvabhAva na hone se apoha bhI kahIM nahIM raha sktaa| anIlApohAdi kI AdheyatA meM zabdavAcyatva asambhava athavA, mAna lete haiM ki apoha asat hone para bhI nIla-utpalAdi arthoM kI anIlApoha aura anutpalApoha meM AdheyatA hotI hai| phira bhI, usa ke hote hue bhI zabdoM se to usakA nirUpaNa saMbhava nahIM hai| kAraNa, AdhAra svarUpa vaha nIla-utpalAdi padArtha asAdhAraNa (yAnI ananugata vyaktivizeSarUpa) hone se zabdavAcya nahIM hote, kyoMki svalakSaNa zabdajanya yA zabdetarajanya kisI bhI vikalpa se grAhya nahIM hai; jaba AdhAra svayaM agRhIta hai to unameM rahanevAle apohoM kA usa ke AdheyarUpa meM grahaNa kaise ho sakatA hai ? yaha niyama hai ki dharmi (=AdhAra) ke grahaNa vinA dharmoM kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA / tathA, apohavAdI ke matAnusAra asAdhAraNa svalakSaNa vastu ko choDa kara aura to koI apohoM kA AdhAra mAnya nahIM hai / ata: apoha kI AdheyatA mAna lene para bhI arthAt usa ke hote hue bhI jaba taka usa kI pratIti na ho taba taka vaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke vyavahAra kA nimitta ho nahIM sakatI / pratIta na hone para bhI yadi usa AdheyatAvAle apohoM ko vyavahAra kA nimitta mAneMge to vandhyAputra apratIta hone para bhI athavA vidyamAna apratIta kisI anya vastu ko bhI, vyavahAra nimitta mAnane kI Apatti ho skegii| yadi kaheM ki - vyAvRtti (=apoha) nahIM kintu vyAvRttivAlA artha zabdavAcya hai - to yahA~ bhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0-2 67 tadgatabhedAkSepo na sambhavati, yathA madhurazabdena zuklAdeH / yadyapi zuklAdInAM madhurAdibhedatvamasti tathApi zabdasya sAkSAdabhihitArthagatasyaiva bhedasyAkSepe sAmarthyam na tu pAratantryeNAbhihitArthagatasya / tatazca nIlAdizabdena tadgatabhedAnAkSepAt utpalAdInAmatadbhedatvaM syAt / atadbhedatve ca na sAmAnAdhikaraNyam, tena jAtimanmAtrapakSe yo doSaH pratipAdito bhavatA " tadvato na vAcakaH zabdaH asvatantratvAt " [ iti, sa vyAvRttimanmAtrapakSe'pi samAnaH tatrApi hi sacchabdo vyAvRttyupasarjanaM dravyamAha na sAkSAditi tadgatabhedAnAkSepo'trApi samAna eva / ko hyatra vizeSaH jAtirvyAvRttirjAtimadhyA (? rjAtimAn byA) vRttimAniti / ] na ca liGga - saGkhyA- kriyA- kAlAdibhiH sambandho'pohasyA'vastutvAd yuktaH eSAM vastudharmatvAt / na ca liGgAdiviviktaH padArthaH zakyaH zabdenAbhidhAtum, ataH pratItibAdhAprasaMga H pratijJAyAH / na ca kI upapatti na hone se vyAvRttivAlA artha zabdavAcya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / kAraNa, bhinna bhinna do vyAvRttirUpa upAdhiyoM ke AdhAra para prayukta hone vAle do zabda eka hI apohavAlI vastu meM vRtti hove tabhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya bana sakatA hai, kintu 'nIlotpala' Adi meM isa kA saMbhava nahIM hai| kAraNa, anIlavyAvRttivAle padArtha ke aneka bheda haiM jaise nIla vastra, nIla maNi nIla- utpalAdi / phira bhI nIlAdizabda paratantra hone se, anIlavyAvRttivAle padArtha ke bhedasvarUpa utpalAdi arthoM ke nirUpaNa taka una kI pahu~ca hI nahIM hai / nIlAdi zabda paratantra isa liye haiM ki ve vyAvRttivAle artha kA nirUpaNa, gauNarUpa se bhI vyAvRtti kA abhidhAna karane dvArA hI kara sakate hai sAkSAt nahIM / (yahI paratantratA hai / ) jaba sAkSAt vyAvRttivAle artha kA nirUpaNa hI azakya hai to phira usa ke bheda ke yAnI utpalAdi ke nirUpaNa taka usa kI pahu~ca kaise hogI ? jaise - 'madhura' zabda sAkSAt madhurarasavAn artha kA nirUpaka nahIM hotA kintu madhura rasa ke nirUpaNa dvArA tadvAn artha kA nirUpaka hotA hai / phalataH madhurarasavad artha ke abhidhAna se zuklAdi kA nirUpaNa nahIM ho sakatA isa liye madhura zabda kA zukla ke sAtha sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM ho sakatA / hAlA~ki zuklAdi artha madhurAdi ke bhedoM meM antargata hI hai, phira bhI zabda to jisa artha kA sAkSAd abhidhAna karatA ho usa ke hI bhedoM kA abhidhAna karane meM samartha hotA hai, vyAvRttivAle artha kA abhidhAna to paratantratA se hotA hai sAkSAt nahIM / phalataH nIlAdizabda se anIla vyAvRttivAle padArtha ke utpalAdi bheda kA abhidhAna na hone se utpalAdi ko tadgatabhedarUpa nahIM mAna sakeMge / aura tadgatabhedarUpatA na hone para to sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM ho sakatA / niSkarSaH - bauddhabhikSu ne " zabda jAtimAn artha kA vAcaka nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki paratantra hai' aisA kaha kara jAtimAna mAtra vAcakatA pakSa meM jo doSa dikhAyA hai vaha bauddhabhikSu ke vyAvRttivAle artha kI vAcyatA ke pakSa meM bhI samAna hai / usane jaise kahA hai vaise hama bhI kaheMge ki 'sat' zabda to gauNarUpa se bhI vyAvRtti ke abhidhAna dvArA hI (tadvAn arthAt ) dravya kA nirUpaNa karatA hai, sAkSAt nahIM / isaliye tadgatabheda ke nirUpaNa ke asAmarthya kI bAta yahA~ bhI samAna hI hai / aba jAti ko zabdavAcya kahIye yA vyAvRtti ko, athavA jAtimAn ko zabdagamya kaheM yA vyAvRttivAle artha ko, zabdabheda ke sivA kyA nayA hai ? 1 apoha meM liMga-saMkhyAdi kA sambandha azakya yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki zabda se sirpha artha kI nahIM kintu usa se sambaddha liMga-saMkhyA- kriyA aura kAla -

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68 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyAvRttyAdhArabhUtAyAH vyaktervastutvAliGgAdisambandhAt tadvAreNApohasyApyasau vyavasthApyaH vyaktanirvikalpajJAnaviSayatvAlliGgasaMkhyAdisambandhena vyapadeSTumazakyatvAt apohasya tadvAreNa tavyavasthA'siddheH / ___ avyApitvaM cApohazabdArthavyavasthAyAH, 'pacati' ityAdikriyAzabdeSvanyavyavacchedA'pratipatteH / yathA hi ghaTAdizabdeSu niSpanarUpaM paTAdikaM niSedhyamasti na tathA 'pacati' ityAdiSu, pratiyogino niSpannasya kasyacidapratIteH / atha mA bhUt paryudAsarUpaM niSedhyam, 'na pacati' ityevamAdi prasajyarUpaM 'pacati' ityAdeniSedhyaM bhaviSyati / asadetad - 'tana (?na na) pacati' ityevamucyamAne prasajyapratiSedhasya niSedha evoktaH syAt, tatazca pratiSedhadvayasya vidhiviSayatvAd vidhireva zabdArthaH prasaktaH / / Adi kI bhI pratIti hotI haiM / apoha ko zabdavAcya mAnane para yaha nahIM ghaTegA, kyoMki apoha avastu hai jaba ki liMgAdi to vastu ke dharma haiM / vastu dharmoM kA - liMgAdi kA avastubhUta apoha ke sAtha koI sambandha mela nahIM khAtA / dUsarI ora liMgAdi ke Upara pardA DAla ke sirpha artha kA bhAna karAne ke liye zabda samartha nahIM hai / phalata: 'apoha hI zabdavAcya hai| isa pratijJA kA zabdajanya liMgAdipratIti se bAdha prasakta hogA / apohavAdI : vyAvRtti kA AdhAra to Akhira nIlAdi svalakSaNa vastu hI hai, usa ke sAtha to liMgAdi kA vAstavika sambandha hai / isaliye AdhAra ke sAtha liMgAdi ke sambandha ko upacAra se AdhArabhUta vyAvRtti ke sAtha joDa kara pratIti ko banA skeNge| sAmAnyavAdI : svalakSaNa vyakti nirvikalpajJAnamAtra kA hI viSaya hotI hai, savikalpajJAna kA nahIM / liMgAdi ke sambandha kA bhAna nirvikalpajJAna se zakya na hone se svalakSaNa kA bhI liMgAdisambandhirUpa se vyavahAra bana sakatA nahIM to phira usa ke dvArA apoha kA liMgAdisambandhirUpa se vyavahAra kaise banA sakate haiM ? apohazabdArtha kI avyApakatA* tathA Apa jo vyavasthA karanA cAhate haiM ki 'zabda kA vAcyArtha apoha hai vaha apane lakSya meM vyApaka nahIM hai / kAraNa, 'pacati' (=pakAtA hai) ityAdi kriyA vAcaka zabdoM se kriyA kI pratIti hotI hai, anyavyavacchedarUpa apoha kI nahIM / ghaTAdizabdoM se to paripUrNasvarUpa ko prApta vastrAdi kA niSedha kadAcit mAna sakate haiM kintu 'pacati' Adi meM yaha zakya nahIM hai kyoMki cAlu pAkakriyA ke kAla meM (pAka kucha huA hai, kucha nahIM huA hai usa kAla meM jaba 'pacati' zabdaprayoga hotA hai taba) aura to koI kriyA niSpanna = paripUrNa hai nahIM jisa kI vyavaccheda ke pratiyogI ke rUpa meM yahA~ pratIti ho ske| apohavAdI : 'pacati' Adi sthaloM meM aura koI vyavaccheda-pratiyogI pratIta na hotA ho to vahA~ paryudAsa rUpa vyavacchedya nahIM mAneMge, sirpha 'na pacati' (= pAka nahIM karatA) isa prasajyarUpa kA pratiSedha 'pacati' Adi zabdoM se maaneNge| sAmAnyavAdI : yaha galata hai / kAraNa, 'pacati' kA artha 'na na pacati' = nahIM pakAtA - aisA nahIM (kintu pakAtA hai)' aisA kareMge to isa kA matalaba yahI hogA ki Apa prasajyapratiSedha (abhAva) kA niSedha kara rahe haiM / isa se to vidhirUpa hI zabdArtha siddha hogA kyoMki do niSedha vidhi kA AkSepa karatA hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 kiMca, 'pacati' ityAdI sAdhyatvaM pratIyate, yasyAM hi kriyAyAM kecidavayavA niSpannAH kecidaniSpanAH sA pUrvAparIbhUtAvayavA kriyA sAdhyatvapratyayaviSayaH / tathA, 'abhUta-bhaviSyati' ityAdau bhUtAdikAlavizeSapratItirasti, na cApohasya sAdhyatvAdisambhavaH niSpanatvAdabhAvaikarasatvena / tasmAdapohazabdArthapakSe sAdhyatvapratyayo bhUtAdipratyayava nirnimittaH prApnotIti pratItibAdhA / na ca vidhyAdAvanyApopratipattirasti paryudAsarUpasya niSedhyasya tatrAbhAvAt / 'na na pacati devadattaH' ityAdau ca naJo'pareNa naJA yoge naivA'pohaH, pratiSedhadvayena vidhereva saMsparzAt / api ca, cAdInAM nipAtopasargakarmapravacanIyAnAM padatvamiSTam, na caiSAM natrA sambandho'sti asambadhyavacanatvAt / tathAhi - yathA hi ghaTAdizabdAnAm 'aghaTaH' ityAdau natrA sambandhe'rthAntarasya paTAdeH parigrahAt tadvayavacchedena natrA rahitasya ghaTazabdasyArtho'vakalpate na tathA cAdInAM natrA sambandho sAdhyatva aura bhUtakAla kI pratIti kA bAdha tathA, 'pacati' Adi zabda se kriyA meM siddha bhAva nahIM kintu sAdhyabhAva pratIta hotA hai| jisa kriyA ke kucha aMza siddha ho cukane para bhI kucha aMza abhI siddha hone vAle zeSa ho - isa taraha pUrvApara bhAva meM avasthita aMza vAlI vaha kriyA hI sAdhyatva-pratIti kA viSaya hotI hai / tathA, 'ho cukA-hone vAlA hai' - aise prayogoM meM bhUta evaM bhAvi kAla pratIti kA viSaya hotA hai / apoha to sarvadA ekamAtra abhAvasvarUpavAlA hone se sadAniSpanna- sadAsiddha hai (yA sadA asiddha hai) isaliye usa meM sAdhyatva kA sambhava hI nahIM hai| 'pUrva meM ho, abhI na ho' vaha bhUtakAlIna hai aura 'abhI na ho, bhAvi meM honevAlA ho' use bhAvikAlIna kahate haiN| apoha to sadA siddha (yA asiddha) hone se bhUta-bhAvikAla viSayaka pratIti kA viSaya bana nahIM sktaa| phalata: apoha ko zabdavAcya mAnane meM sAdhyatva kI aura bhUtakAlAdi kI pratIti nimittazUnya (Alambana zUnya) bana jAyegI / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vidhyartha prayogoM meM (jaise kuryAt-pAyAt ityAdi meM) vidhi pratyaya se iSTasAdhanatA - nimantraNAdi arthoM kI hI pratIti hotI hai anyApoha kI nahIM hotI, kyoMki vahA~ koI paryudAsarUpa niSedhya nahIM hotA / "devadatta nahIM pakAtA aisA nahIM" ityAdi meM eka niSedha kA anya niSedha ke sAtha prayoga kiyA jAtA hai taba vahA~ apoha kI pratIti kA sambhava nahIM rahatA kyoMki do niSedhoM se vidhirUpa artha kA hI ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| 'ca' Adi nipAta ke bAre meM apohavAda nirarthaka 'ca' 'vA' ityAdi nipAta, pra-upa Adi upasarga aura jina kI karmapravacanIya saMjJA kI gaI hai ve padavizeSa - ina sabhI ko 'pada' saMjJA prApta hai / phira bhI nakAra ke sAtha ina kA sambandha nahIM hotA kyoMki ye sambandhazUnya pada haiN| dekhiye - ghaTAdi zabdoM kA nakAra ke sAtha yoga hone para jo 'aghaTa' ityAdi pada banate haiM una se paTAdi kA grahaNa hotA hai; isaliye jaba nakAra kA yoga na ho taba kevala 'ghaTa' zabda ke aghaTavyavaccheda artha kI kalpanA Apa kara sakate haiM / kintu 'ca' 'vA' ityAdi padoM kA nakAra ke sAtha samAsavidhAna hI nahIM isaliye nakAra ke sAtha sambandha na hone kA jJAta hotA hai / nakAra ke sAtha sambandha kI yogyatA jaba nahIM hai to phira usakA vyavaccheda bhI kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai ? nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isa se yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'sti, na cA'sambandhyamAnasya, najA'pohanaM yuktam, atazcAdiSvapohAbhAvaH / api ca, kalmASavarNanavacchabalaikya(1ka)rUpo vAkyArtha iti nAnyanivRttistattvena vyapadeSTuM zakyA, niSpannarUpasya pratiyoginopratIteH / yA tu 'caitra / gAmAnaya' ityAdAvacaitrAdivyavacchedarUpA'nyanivRttiravayavaparigraheNa varNyate sA padArtha eva syAt na vAkyArthaH tasyAvayavasyetthaM vivekumazakyatvAt - ityavyApinI zabdArthavyavasthA / kiM ca 'na anyApoha ananyApohaH' ityAdau zabde vidhirUpAdanyad vAcyaM nopalabhyate, pratiSedhadvayena vidherevAvasAyAt / atra ca 'natrazcApi naJA yoge' (69-5) ityanenArthasya gatatve'pi 'anyApohaH zabdArthaH' ityevaMvAdinAM svavacanenaiva vidhiriSTa iti jJApanArthaM punaruktam / tathAhi - ananyApohazabdasyAnyApohaH zabdArtho vyavacchedyaH, sa ca vidhernAnyo lakSyate / ye ca prameya-jJeyA'bhidheyAdayaH zabdAsteSAM na kizcidapohyamasti, sarvasyaiva prameyAdisvabhAvatvAt / tathAhi - yannAma kiMcid vyavacchedyameSAM kalpyate tat sarva vyavacchedyAkAraNAlambyamAnaM jJeyAdisvabhAvamevAvatiSThate, na hyaviSayIkRtaM vyavacchettuM zakyam yahA~ cAdizabdo meM apoha zabdArtha nahIM hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zabdasamUha se vAkya banatA hai isaliye vAkyArtha bhI vividha arthoM ke samUha rUpa hotA hai - vaividhyapUrNa hotA hai, usa meM 'ca' Adi pada bhI antargata hone se paramArthata: kisI bhI vAkyArtha ko anyanivRttirUpa mAna nahIM sakate kyoMki usameM niSpanna svarUpavAle kisI eka niyata pratiyogI kA bhAna hotA nahIM hai / 'he caitra ! dhenu ko le Ao' aise vAkyoM meM eka eka avayava ko lekara jo acaitravyAvRtti Adi kA varNana koI apohavAdI karatA hai vaha bhI vAkyArtharUpa vyAvRtti kA nahIM kintu padArtharUpa vyAvRtti kA hI varNana hai / vAkyArtha ke niravayava hone se usa ke avayavoM kA isa rIti se vibhAga hI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / niSkarSa : zabdArthavyavasthA apoha-zabdArthavAdI ke mata meM apUrNa hI raha jAtI hai / anyApohazabda se vidhirUpa vAcya kI siddhi* taduparAMta, 'anyApoha nahIM = ananyApoha' ityAdi samAsavidhi meM 'anyApoha' zabda se vidhirUpa hI vAcyArtha kI upalabdhi anivAryatayA mAnya karanA hogA / kAraNa, do niSedha ke phalasvarUpa vidhi kA hI bhAna hotA hai / hAlA~ki yaha bAta- eka nakAra ke sAtha dUsare nakAra ke yoga meM vidhi kA hI pratipAdana hotA hai - ityAdi pahale abhI kaha cuke haiM, phira bhI 'anyApoha zabdArtha hai' aisA bolane vAle apohavAdI ke apane vacana se hI vidhirUpa zabdArtha phalita hone kA yahA~ lakSa para lAnA hai, isa liye phira se kahA hai / dekhiye - 'ananyApoha' zabda se anyApoha kA vyavaccheda hI zabdArtharUpa mAnanA hogA / anyApoha kA vyavaccheda to vidhirUpa hI ho sakatA hai aura to koI lakSa meM nahIM aataa| yaha bhI usa ko socanA cAhiye ki 'prameya-jJeya-abhidheya' Adi zabdoM kA to koI vyavacchedya hI prasiddha nahIM hai, kyoMki vastumAtra prameyAdisvarUpa hI hotI hai / dekhiye - 'jJeya' Adi zabda se 'ajJeya' Adi kI vyavacchedya rUpa meM kalpanA karanI paDegI, vahA~ vaha ajJeya 'vyavacchedyarUpa se jJAna kA viSaya' karanA paDegA, arthAt usa ko jJeya hI mAnanA paDegA, kyoMki vyavacchedyarUpa se jJAna kA viSaya kiye vinA kaise usa kA vyavaccheda kara sakeMge ? pariNAma yaha AyegA ki 'jJeya' zabda kA vyavacchedya bhI jJeyarUpa ho jAne se vAstava meM koI vyavacchedya *. 'tasyA'navayavasyettha' iti tattvasagrahapaJjikAyAm

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 ato'pohyAbhAvAdavyApinI vyavasthA / nanu hetumukhe nirdiSTam "ajJeyaM kalpitaM kRtvA tadvayavacchedana jJeye'numAnam" [hetu0 ] iti tat kathamavyApitvaM zabdArthavyavasthAyAH ? naitat, yato yadi jJeyamapyajJeyatvenApohyamasya kalpyate tadA varaM vastveva vidhirUpaM zabdArthatvena kalpitaM bhavet yadadhyavasIyate lokena, evaM hyadRSTAdhyAropo dRSTApalApazca na kRtaH syAt / [vikalpapratibimbArthamatanirUpaNa-nirasanam ] ye tvAhuH - "vikalpapratibimbameva sarvazabdAnAmarthaH, tadeva cAbhidhIyate vyavacchidyata iti ca" [ ] te'pi na yuktakAriNaH / nirAkArA buddhiH AkAravAn bAhyo'rthaH "sa bahirdezasambandho vispaSTamupalabhyate''[ ] ityAdinA jJAnAkArasya niSiddhatvAt Antarasya buddhyArUDhasyAkArasyA'sattvAt tadavasAyakatvaM zabdAnAmayuktam, ata eva tasyApohyatvamapyanupapannam / ye ca 'evam-ittham' ityAdayaH zabdAsteSAmapi na kiMcidapohyam, pratiyoginaH paryudAsarUpasya kasyacidabhAvAt / atha 'naivam' ityAdiprasajyarUpaM pratiSedhyamatrApi / na, uktottaratvAt (68-6) / hI siddha nahIM hogA / Akhira 'jJeya' zabda se 'jJAna kA viSaya' aisA vidhirUpa hI artha mAnya karanA par3egA / yahA~ apohAtmaka artha na ghaTane se 'apoha hI zabdArtha hotA hai yaha vyavasthA apUrNa hI siddha hogii| prazna : 'hetumukha' prakaraNa meM kahA to hai ki ajJeyarUpa vyavacchedya (asat padArtha) kI kalpanA kara ke, 'jJeya' zabda se usakA vyavaccheda karane dvArA 'jJeya' zabda kA bhI apoha hI vAcyArtha hai' yaha anumAna kara sakeMge - to hamArI zabdArthavyavasthA apUrNa kyoM rahegI ? uttara : prazna galata hai / jaba 'jJeya' zabda se asat ajJeya kI vyavacchedyarUpa meM kalpanA hI karanA hai to isa se behatara hai ki 'jJeya' zabda kA sIdhA hI vidhiAtmaka vasturUpa artha mAna liyA jAya, jisa se ki asat artha kI kalpanArUpa viDambanA na prApta ho / loka meM bhI zabdoM se vidhirUpa artha kA hI adhyavasAya prasiddha hai / Apa usa ko mAna lIjiye jisa se dRSTa yAnI lokasiddha vastu kA apalApa kara ke adRSTa = asiddha vastu kI kalpanA karane kA aparAdha na karanA paDe / vikalpagata pratibimba zabdArtha nahIM kucha logoM kA yaha kahanA hai ki - "vikalpagata pratibimba (arthAt artha kI praticchAyA jaisA kucha) hI zabdamAtra kA artha hai| zabda se usI kA vyavacchedyarUpa se nirUpaNa hotA hai isaliye vaha pratibimba vAcya bhI hai aura vyavacchedya bhI vahI hai " - kintu yaha kathana ayukta hai| kAraNa, buddhi kA apanA koI AkAra nahIM hotA, AkAra to bAhya artha kA hotA hai / "jo buddhi meM bhAsatA hai vaha to spaSTa hI bAhyadeza ke sAtha hI sambaddha upalabdha hotA hai" ityAdi kathana se pUrvapakSI ne hI jJAna ke AkAra kA niSedha kiyA hai / bAhya artha ke nimitta se buddhi meM AkAra nahIM hotA / evaM abhyantara kisI nimitta se bhI buddhi meM AkAra kA prarohaNa gaganapuSpavat asat hai / isaliye AkArarUpa pratibimba ko zabdArtha dikhAnA galata hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki usa ko zabda ke dvArA apohya bhI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| _ 'evam-ittham' (= isa DhaMga se, isa rIti se) ityAdi zabdoM kA bhI koI apohya nahIM hai, kyoMki paryudAsarUpa koI niSedhya pratiyogI hI yahA~ maujUda nahIM hai / yadi kaheM ki - 'evam na' = (aisA nahIM) - isa artha

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam "na naivamiti nirdeze niSedhasya niSedhanam / evamityaniSedhyaM tu svarUpeNaiva tiSThati" [ iti nyAyAt / 72 [ apohapakSe udyotakarakRtAkSepANAmupanyAsaH ] uddayotakarastvAha " apohaH zabdArthaH ityayuktam avyApakatvAt / yatra dvairAzyaM bhavati tatretarapratiSedhAditaraH pratIyate, yathA 'gauH' itipadAt gauH pratIyamAnaH agaurniSidhyamAnaH / na punaH sarvapade etadasti / na hyasarvaM nAma kiJcidasti yat sarvazabdena nivartteta / atha manyase ekAdi asarvam tat sarvazabdena nivarttata iti / tanna, svArthApavAdadoSaprasaGgAt / evaM hyekAdivyudAsena pravarttamAnaH sarvazabdo'GgapratiSedhAdaGgavyatiriktasyAGgino'nabhyupagamAdanarthakaH syAt / aGgazabdena hyekadeza ucyate, evaM sati kA prasajyarUpa pratiSedha to yahA~ ho sakatA hai" - to yaha sambhava nahIM hai, kAraNa pahale kaha diyA hai| 'pacati' ityAdi saMdarbha meM pahale kahA hai ki prasajya pratiSedha mAnane para to vidhirUpa artha hI phalita hotA hai| uparAMta yaha nyAya hai ki 'evam na (iti) na' (aisA nahIM hai aisA nahIM) isa prakAra nirdeza karane para niSedha kA niSedha hotA hai / phalata: 'aisA' zabda se bhAsita hone vAlA artha svarUpataH aniSedhya hI raha jAtA hai / " [yahA~ taka apohavAda prati kumArila mImAMsaka ke AkSepoM kA nirUpaNa huA- aba udghotakara ke AkSepoM kI bAta karate haiM] udyotakara ke AkSepa apoha ke bAre meM udyotakara ( naiyAyika) ne apane nyAyavArttika meM samIkSA karate hue yaha kahA hai ki 'apoha zabdArtha hai' yaha bAta galata hai kyoMki vaha vyApaka nahIM hai / hA~, jahA~ 'tad aura taditara' aisA dvandva saMbhavita ho vahA~ eka ke pratiSedha se anya kI pratIti kI jA sakatI hai jaise 'gau' pada se agau ke niSedha kI aura gau kI pratIti hotI hai / kintu sarvatra aisI dvandvAtmaka sambhAvanA pAnA kaThina hai / jaise 'sarvapada' meM dvandva kA upalambha zakya nahIM hai / 'sarva' pada ke artha meM vizvavarttI sakala padArtha samA jAte haiM ataH 'asarva' pada se sarvabhinna kisI bhI vastu kI pratIti sambhava nahIM rahatI kyoMki aisA koI 'asarva' artha hI zeSa nahIM rahatA jisa kI 'sarva' pada se vyAvRtti ho sake / 1 apohavAdI : hama 'eka Adi' vastu ko 'asarva' mAneMge jisa kI 'sarva' zabda se vyAvRtti ho sakegI / jo eka hai vaha 'sarva' nahIM hai isaliye usako asarva mAna kara usakI 'sarva' pada se vyAvRtti mAnano azakya nahIM hai| - ] udyotakara : aisA zakya nahIM hai / kAraNa 'sarva' pada ke artha meM eka Adi bhI samAviSTa hI hai isaliye jo sarvapada kA hI artha hai usa kA sarvapada se apavAda vyAvarttana karane kI vipadA AyegI / pariNAma yaha hogA ki sarvapada apane artha ke aMgabhUta eka do Adi pratyeka 'asarva' arthoM ke niSedha meM pravRtta hogA to apanA to kucha aMgI jaisA artha hI nahIM bacegA / kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki 'sarva' zabda samasta arthasamudAya kA vAcaka hotA hai, eka-do Adi artha usa samudAya ke hI eka eka aMga haiM ina eka eka aMgo kA 'sarva' pada se niSedha mAnane para pUre abhI samudAya kA ( eka eka kara ke) niSedha ho jAyegA, kyoMki aMgoM ko choDa kara aura to koI svatantra abhI hotA nahIM / aGga yAnI kisI samudAya kA eka aMza, samudAyavAcaka sarva-sakala Adi padoM se agara una eka eka aMgarUpa 'asarva', 'asakala' Adi kA vyAvarttana mAneMge to, samudAya = -

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 sarve samudAyazabdA ekadezapratiSedharUpeNa pravarttamAnAH samudAyivyatiriktasyAnyasya samudAyasyA'nabhyupagamAdanarthakAH prApnuvanti / dvayAdizabdAnAM tu samuccayaviSayatvAdekAdipratiSedhe pratiSidhyamAnArthAnAmasamuccayatvAdanarthakatvaM syAt" [a0 2 A0 20 sU0 67 nyA0 vA0 pR0 329 paM0 12-23] vAyagospoho'gaurna bhavati - iti gozabdasyArthaH sa kiJcid bhAvaH, athAbhAvaH ? bhAvo'pi san kiM gauH athA'gauriti ? yadi gauH nAsti vivAdaH / athA'gauH 'gozabdasyAgaurarthaH ' ityatizabdArthakauzalam / athAbhAvaH tatra yuktam, praiSa- sampratipattyoraviSayatvAt / na hi zabdazravaNAdabhAve praiSaH pratipAdakena zroturarthe viniyogaH pratipAdakadharmaH sampratipatta (tti)zva zrotRdharmo bhavet / api ca zabdArthaH pratItyA pratIyate, na ca gozabdAdabhAvaM kazcit pratipadyate" [ nyAyavA0 pR0 329 paM 5-19] kiMca, "kriyArUpatvAdapohasya viSayo vaktavyaH / tatra 'agaurna bhavati' ityayamapohaH kiM goviSayaH athA'goviSayaH ? yadi goviSayaH kathaM gorgavyevAbhAvaH ? athA'goviSayaH kathamanyaviSayAdapohAdanyatra aGgI = aMzo se bhinna svataMtra samudAya, mAnya na hone se samudAyavAcI zabda kA apanA kucha bhI artha na rahegA nirarthaka bana jAyeMge / do-tIna arthoM ke samuccaya ke vAcaka dvi-tri Adi zabdoM se bhI eka do Adi arthoM kI vyAvRtti mAnane para dvi Adi zabda arthazUnya bana jAyeMge, kyoMki dviAdi samuccaya to asamuccayAtmaka eka aura eka mila kara hI hotA hai aura una kA to asamuccayarUpa se dvi Adi zabdoM ke dvArA niSedha mAnate haiM / - - 'gau' zabda se agaupratiSedha asaMgata taduparAMta, go zabda kA - 'agau nahIM' isa prakAra jo ago'poharUpa artha kahate haiM vaha kucha bhAvarUpa hai yA abhAvarUpa ? ye prazna haiM / bhAvarUpa kaheM to go-rUpa hai yA agau- rUpa ? gorUpa bhAvAtmaka gozabda kA artha kaheM to koI vivAda nahIM rahatA / agau- rUpa bhAva ko gozabda kA artha mAnate haiM to Apa ke zabdArthaviSayaka kauzala ko bahuta hI dhanyavAda / abhAvAtmaka zabdArtha mAneMge to vaha praiSa aura sampratipatti kA viSaya nahIM bana sakegA / ' vaktA ke dvArA zrotA kA kisI pravRtti meM niyoga kiyA jAya usa ko praiSa kahate haiM / yaha viniyojana vaktA kA dharma hai / usa niyoga kA bhAna sampratipatti hai jo zrotA kA dharma hai| kiMtu zabda se abhAva pratipAdya mAnane para ye donoM sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki abhAva meM koI niyogAdirUpa pravRtti zakya nahIM to usa kA bhAna bhI kaise hogA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zabdajanya pratIti meM bhAsane vAlA artha zabdArtha kahalAtA hai / gozabda se kisI bhI zrotA ko abhAva rUpa artha kI pratIti kA anubhava nahIM hotA / apohakriyA ke viSaya para prazna Jain Educationa International 73 = tathA apohana nirAkaraNa rUpa kriyA hI apoha hai isa liye 'apoha kisa kA ?' usa kA viSaya dikhAnA cAhiye / matalaba 'agau nahIM hotA' isa apohakriyA kA viSaya 'go' hai yA agau - ye prazna haiM / gopiNDa ko agoapoha kA viSaya mAnane para sahaja hI tarka UThegA ki gopiNDa ke hI prati go kA niSedha kaise ? yadi agau ko apoha kA viSaya mAneMge to yaha prazna UThegA ki anyaviSayaka (yAnI agoviSayaka) apoha se anya kI (gau kI) buddhi kaise hogI ? aisA to kabhI nahIM hotA ki khadira kA cheda karane para palAza kA bhI cheda ho jAya / For Personal and Private Use Only

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pratipattiH? nahi khadire chidyamAne palAze chidA bhavati / athAgovi pratiSedho 'gauragaurna bhavati' iti, kenA'gotvaM prasaktaM yat pratiSidhyate" iti ||[nyaayvaa0 pR0329 paM024-pR0330 paM0 4] "itanAyukto'pohaH vikalpAnupapatteH / tathAhi-yo'yamagorapoho gavi sa kiM govyatiriktaH AhozvidavyatiriktaH ? yadi vyatiriktaH - sa kimAzritaH athA'nAzritaH ? yayAzritastadA''zritatatvAd guNaH prAptaH / tatazca gozabdena guNo'bhidhIyate na 'gauH' iti 'gaustiSThati' 'gaurgacchati' iti na sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM prApnotIti / athAnAzritastadA kenArthena 'goragopohaH' iti SaSThI syAt ? athAvyatiriktastadA gorevAsau iti na kizcit kRtaM bhavati |"[nyaayvaa0 pR0 330 paM0 8-184] "ayaM cApohaH prativastvekaH aneko veti vaktavyam / yadyekastadAnekagodravyasambandhI gotvamevAsau bhavet / ayAnekastataH piNDavadAnanyAdAkhyAnAnupapatteravAcya eva syAt / " [nyAyavA0 pR. 330 paM0 apohavAdI : hama sirpha 'agau kA niSedha' nahIM dikhalAte kintu gau meM agau kA niSedha dikhalAte haiM - isa liye agau ke niSedha dvArA gau meM go kI buddhi hotI hai| udyotakara : are ! pahale to yahI prazna hai ki gau meM kisa zabda se agau kA prasaJjana huA thA jisa se Apa ko 'gau' zabda ke dvArA agau kA niSedha gau meM dikhalAne kI kuceSTA karanI paDatI hai ? prasakta kA hI niSedha hotA hai, aprasakta kA nhiiN| agoapoha go se pRthak yA apRthak ? isaliye bhI apoha galata hai ki usa ke Upara koI vikalpa ghaTatA nahIM / dekhiye - go meM ago ke apoha kI bAta jo kahI gaI, kyA vaha go se pRthak hai yA apRthak ? pRthak hai to go meM Azrita hai yA nahIM hai ? yadi Azrita mAneMge to Azrita hone ke kAraNa usa ko guNAtmaka mAnanA hogA / taba 'go' zabda se guNa kA nirUpaNa hogA kintu gopiNDa kA nahIM / phalata: 'go khaDA hai' 'go jA rahA hai' aise prayogoM meM jo sAmAnAdhikaraNya - eka dUsare kA abhedAnvaya pratIta hotA hai vaha nahIM hogaa| kAraNa gozabdArthabhUta guNa meM sthAna-gamanAdi kriyA kA bAdha hai isa liye sthitivAn yA gamanavAn artha meM gopiNDa kA abhedAnvaya zakya nahIM / yadi go meM agopoha ko anAzrita mAneMge to pRthak hone para usa ke sAtha koI sambandha na rahane se 'go kA (meM) ago'poha' isa prakAra chaTThI vibhakti kA prayoga asaMgata ho jAyegA / kauna sA vaha artha hogA jo sambandha bana kara SaSThI ke prayoga ko saMgata karegA ? yadi go meM ago ke apoha ko apRthak - abhinna hI mAneMge taba to agopoha ke nirUpaNa se go kA hI pratipAdana phalita huA - isa meM sirpha draviDaprANAyAma ke sivA Apane aura kyA bar3A kAma kiyA ? yaha bhI batAIye ki vastu meM apoha sarvatra eka hI hai yA alaga alaga ? yadi eka hai taba to aneka gopiNDoM ke sAtha sambandha rakhanevAle gotva-sAmAnya se vaha bhinna nahIM hai-cAhe apoha kahIye yA gotva, eka hI bAta hai / yadi vyaktioM kI taraha prativyakti apoha bhI bhinna bhinna hI hai taba to saMkhyA se ananta hone ke kAraNa kisI eka zabda se unakA pratipAdana azakya hone se apoha avAcya bana jaayegaa| yaha bhI prabha Apa ke samakSa AyegA ki apoha vAcya hai yA avAcya ? vAcya hai to vidhirUpa se vAcya hai yA anyavyAvRttirUpa se ? yadi apoha ko vidhirUpa se vAcya mAneMge to 'zabda kA artha anyApoha hI hai'

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 15-17] kiMca "idaM tAvat praSTavyo bhavati bhavAn - kimapoho vAcyaH athAvAcya iti / vAcyatve vidhirUpeNa vAcyaH syAt ? anyavyAvRttyA vA ? tatra yadi vidhirUpeNa tadA naikAntikaH zabdArthaH 'anyApohaH zabdArthaH' iti / athAnyavyAvRttyeti pakSastadA tasyApyanyavyavacchedasyApareNAnyavyavacchedarUpeNAbhidhAnam tasyApyapareNetyavyavasthA syAt / athA'vAcyastadA 'anyazabdArthApohaM zabdaH karoti' iti vyAhanyeta" [nyAyavA0 pR. 330 paM0 18-22] AcAryadignAgoktam - "sarvatrAbhedAdAzrayasyAnucchedAt kRtsnArthaparisamAptezca yathAkramaM jAtidharmA ekatva-nityatva-pratyekaparisamAptilakSaNA apoha evAvatiSThante; tasmAd guNotkarSAdarthAntarApoha eva zabdArthaH sAdhuH" [ ] ityetadAzaMkya kumArila upasaha(saMhara)bAha - [zlo0 vA. apo0 zlo0 163-164] api caikatva-nityatva-pratyeka samavAyitvAH (tAH) / nirupAkhyeSvapoheSu kurvato'sUtrakaH paTaH // tasmAd yeSveva zabdeSu naJyogasteSu kevalam / bhavedanyanivRttyaMzaH svAtmaivAnyatra gamyate // 'svAtmaiva' iti svarUpameva vidhilakSaNam / "anyatra' iti najA rahite / tanApohaH zabdArtha iti bhaTToDyotakarAdayaH / aisA zabdArtha ke bAre meM ekAnta niyama nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki apoha ko to vidhirUpa se hI vAcya mAnate haiN| yadi apoha ko bhI anyApoharUpa se hI vAcya mAneMge to anyavyavacchedasvarUpa apoha kA bhI dvitIya anyavyavacchedarUpa se nirUpaNa karanA paDegA, usakA bhI tRtIya anyavyavacchedarUpa se, usa kA bhI caturtha anyavyavacchedarUpa se... isa prakAra anta hI nahIM AyegA, phalataH prathama apoha kA bhI ThIkAnA nahIM rahegA / yadi apoha ko avAcya mAneMge to 'eka zabda anya zabda ke artha ke apoha ko karanevAlA hai' isa pratijJA kA vyAghAta prasakta hogA, eka ora kahanA ki apoha avAcya hai, dUsarI ora anyazabdArtha apoha ko hI Apa vAcya batA rahe haiN| jAti ke guNadharma apoha meM asambhava dignAga (bauddha) AcAryane kahA hai - jAti (sAmAnya tattva) meM tIna guNa mAne jAte haiM - 'sarvavyaktioM meM rahate hue bhI bhinna bhinna na hone se, tathA pravAhata: vyaktirUpa Azraya kA uccheda na hone se aura pratyeka vyaktioMmeM paripUrNarUpa se samaveta ho kara rahane se ina tIna hetuoM se jAti meM, kramaza: jo ye tIna guNadharma mAne jAte haiM - ekatva, nityatva aura pratyekavRttitva - ye sabhI guNadharma apoha meM bhI avasthita haiM / isaliye jAti ko zabdArtha mAnane kI apekSA apoha ko zabdArtha mAnane ke pakSa meM jyAdA guNa = lAbha (gauravAdiparihArarUpa) hone ke kAraNa siddha hotA hai ki 'arthAntarApoha hI saccA zabdArtha hai'| dignAga kI ora se aisI AzaMkA karake kumArila ne usa ke pratyuttara meM upasaMhAra karate hue yaha kahA hai ki "apoha sarvathA nirupAkhya = tuccha (sarvaAkhyAbAhya) hai usa meM ekatva, nityatva, prativyaktisamavetatva Adi dharmoM kI kalpanA binA sUta ke vasra bunane jaisI hai / " "isaliye jina zabdoM meM nakAra kA yoga ho unameM hI anyavyAvRtti aMza kI kalpanA ThIka ho sakatI hai| anyatra (jahA~ nakArayoga na ho vahA~) to apanI AtmA hI bhAsita hotI hai / " yahA~ anyatra yAnI 'jahA~ nakArayoga nahIM hai vahA~' aura 'apanI AtmA' yAnI "vidhirUpa artha' samajhanA / niSkarSa : bhaTTa, uddayotakara Adi kA abhimata yahI hai ki "apoha zabdArtha nahIM hai /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam [ svapakSAkSepapratividhAne pUrvamapohabAdikRtA svamataspaSTatA ] atra saugatAH pratividadhati - dvividho'smAkamapohaH paryudAsalakSaNaH prasahyapratiSedhalakSaNazca / paryudAsalakSaNo'pi dvividhaH - buddhipratibhAso'rtheSvanugataikarUpatvenAdhyavasito buddhayAtmA, vijAtIyavyAvRttasvalakSaNArthAtmakazca / tatra yathA harItakyAdayo bahavo'ntareNApi sAmAnyalakSaNamekamartha jvarAdizamanaM kAryamupajanayanti tathA zAbaleyAdayo'pyarthAH satyapi bhede prakRtaikAkAraparAmarzahetavo bhaviSyantyantareNApi vastubhUtaM sAmAnyam / tadanubhavabalena yadutpannaM vikalpajJAnaM tatra yadAkAratayA'rthA(tha)pratibimbakaM jJAnAdabhinnamAbhAti tatra 'anyApohaH' iti vyapadezaH / na (? sa) cAsAvardhAbhAso jJAnatAdAtmyena vyavasthitaH san bAhyArthAbhAve'pi tasya tatra pratibhAsanAd bAhyakRtaH / ___na cApohavyapadezastatra nirnimittaH 'mukhya- gauNabhedabhinnasya nimittasya sadbhAvAt / tathAhi - vikalpAntarAropitapratibhAsAntarodbhAvana(? rAd bhedena) svayaM pratibhAsAnAt mukhyastatra tadvyapadezaH 'apohyata ityapohaH anyasmAdapohaH anyApohaH' iti vyutpatteH / upacArAt tu tribhiH kAraNaistatra tadvyapadezaH apohazabdArthavAdI kA svamataspaSTIkaraNa aba apohavAdI bauddhoM kI aura se kumArila Adi ke liye hue AkSepoM kA pratikAra zurU hotA hai - hamAre mata meM apoha kI do vidhAe~ hai / 1 - paryudAsarUpa 2 prasajyapratiSedharUpa / paryudAsa kI bhI do vidhAe~ hai / 1 - buddhipratibhAsa, jo ki buddhirUpa hI hotA hai phira bhI arthoM meM anugata ekarUpatArUpa se vaha adhyavasita hotA hai / 2 - vijAtIyoM se vyAvRtta svalakSaNarUpa artha / bAta yaha hai ki 'haraDe' Adi aneka vibhinna auSadhoM meM koI eka sarvasAdhAraNa sAmAnya tattva na hone para bhI jvarazamanAdi eka sAdhAraNa kArya una sabhI se hotA hai| isI prakAra zAbaleya Adi gopiNDoM meM paraspara bheda hone para bhI evaM sarvasAdhAraNa eka vAstavika sAmAnya (jAti) na hote huye bhI vicArAdhIna ekAkAra parAmarza ke hetu bana skeNge| matalaba, eka vidhirUpa sAmAnya mAnane kI jarUra nahIM hai / svalakSaNa ke anubhavabala se jo vikalpajJAna utpanna hotA hai usa meM jJAna se abhinna jo arthAkArarUpa se arthapraticchAyA anubhUta hotI hai vahI 'anyApoha' saMjJA ko dhAraNa karatI hai / jJAna se abheda rakhatA huA yaha arthAbhAsa bAhya artha rUpa (jAtirUpa) na hone para bhI usa kA vahA~ bAhyArtha meM hone kA pratibhAsa hotA hai isaliye upacAra se bAhyakRta mAnA jA sakatA hai| apoha ke vyapadeza ke mukhya-gauNa nimitta ukta apohoM meM 'apoha' zabdaprayoga sarvathA nirnimitta (pravRtti nimitta ke vinA)hI hai - aisA mata mAna lenA, kyoMki eka mukhya aura tIna gauNa (vAstavika aura aupacArika) donoM prakAra ke cAra pravRttinimitta yahA~ maujUda hai / dekhiye (1) arthapratibimba rUpa jo apoha hai vaha svayaM anya vikalpa se upasthApita jo anya arthapratibhAsa hai usase bhinnarUpa se svata: bhAsita hotA hai isaliye usake liye mukhya rUpa se 'apoha' zabda prayukta hotA hai| apoha kI jo vyutpatti hai - 'apohanaM apohaH = apohanakriyArUpa honA yahI apoha, anya se apoha yahI anyApoha' yaha vyutpatti yahA~ pUrNarUpa se sArthaka hai| upacAra ke AzrayaNa se tIna nimittoM se 'apoha'

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 (1) kAraNe kAryadharmAropAd vA anyavyAvRttavastuprAptihetutayA, (2) kArye vA kAraNadharmopacArAd anyaviviktivastudvArAyAtatayA, (3) vijAtIyApoDha(?ha)padArthena sahaikyena prAntaiH pratipattRbhiradhyavasitatvAcceti / arthastu vijAtIyavyAvRttatvAd mukhyatastadvyapadezabhAk / prasajyapratiSedhalakSaNastvapohaH [tattva0 saM0 kA0 1010] prasajyapratiSedhastu gauragaurna bhavatyayam / iti vispaSTa evAyamanyApoho'vagamyate // tatra ya eva hi zAbde jJAne sAkSAd bhAsate sa eva zabdArtho yuktaH / na cAtra prasajyapratiSedhAvasAya: vAcyAdhyavasitasya buddhyAkArasya zabdajanyatvAt / nApIndriyajJAnavad vastusvalakSaNapratibhAsaH, kiM tarhi ? bAhyArthAdhyavasAyinI kevalazAbdI buddhirupajAyate tena tadevArthapratibimbakaM zAbde jJAne sAkSAt tadAtmatayA pratibhAsanAcchabdArtho yukta iti apohatraye prathamo'pohavyapadezamAsAdayati / "yathApi zabdasyArthena saha vAcyavAcakabhAvalakSaNasambandhaH prasiddho nAsau kAryakAraNabhAvAdanyo'vazabda kA prayoga hotA hai - (1) anya vyAvRtta vastu (svalakSaNa gopiNDAdi) kI prApti rUpa kArya kA kAraNa hone se, kAryadharma kA kAraNa meM Aropa kara ke vahA~ 'apoha' zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai / (2) anya se vyAvRtta vastu ke bala se anyavyAvRtta vikalpapratibimba kA janma hotA hai isaliye kAraNadharma kA kArya meM upacAra kara ke 'apoha' zabda sArthaka hotA hai / (3) bhrAnta jJAtAoM ke dvArA bhrAnti se, vijAtIyavyAvRtta vastu aura arthapratibimbarUpa apoha donoM ke aikya kA bhAna kiyA jAtA hai isaliye bhI usa ko 'apoha' kahA jAtA hai / artha to svayaM vijAtIyavyAvRtta hI hotA hai isaliye usa meM 'apoha' zabdaprayoga mukhyatA se hI ho sakatA prasajyapratiSedharUpa apoha kA tattvasaMgraha kArikA meM yaha lakSaNa hai - "gau agau nahIM hotA - isa prakAra spaSTa rUpa se jisa anyApoha kA bhAna hotA hai yahI prasajya pratiSedharUpa apoha hai / " ___ artha pratibimba hI zabdavAcya mukhya apoha hai tIna prakAra ke apoha meM se kauna sA zabdavAcya hai yaha samIkSA kare to pahale itanA jAna lenA hogA ki zabdajanya jJAna meM jo sAkSAt pratIta ho usI ko zabdArtha mAnanA yuktiyukta kahA jAyegA / vAcyarUpa se adhyavasita buddhi AkAra hI zabdajanya pratIti meM bhAsatA hai, prasajyapratiSedharUpa apoha kA zAbda buddhi meM sAkSAt bhAna nahIM hotA isaliye usako zabdArtha nahIM mAna sakate / indriyajanyajJAna meM to svalakSaNa kA spaSTa bhAna hotA hai kintu zabdajanya buddhi meM nahIM hotA isaliye vaha bhI zabdArtharUpa nahIM hai / to phira zabdArtha kyA hai ? zabda se bAhyArtha kA adhyavasAya karane vAlI zAbdabuddhi hI utpanna hotI hai, isaliye usa zAbda buddhi meM bAhyArtharUpa se jo arthapratibimba bhAsita hotA hai vahI zabdArtha hai / phalata: tIna apohoM meM prathama prakAra kA apoha hI zabdavAcya 'apoha' kahA jAtA hai| ___ zabda ke sAtha artha kA jo vAcaka-vAcyabhAvarUpa saMbandha kahA jAtA hai vaha kArya-kAraNabhAva ko choDa kara dUsarA kucha nahIM / kAraNa, zabda kA vAcyArtha arthapratibimbarUpa hai aura vaha zabda se hI utpanna ho kara * - dRSTaSya-ta0 saM0 zlo0 1012 /

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam tiSThate, bAhyarUpatayA'dhyavasitasya buddhayAkArasya zabdajanyatvAd vAcyavAcakalakSaNasambandhaH kAryakAraNabhAvAtmaka eva / tathA ca zabdastasya pratibimbAtmano janakatvAd vAcaka ucyate pratibimbaM ca zabdajanyatvAd vAcyam / 78 tena yaduktam tadasaMgatam, niSedhamAtrasya zabdArthatvAnabhyupagamAt / evaM tAvat pratibimbalakSaNo'pohaH sAkSAcchabdairupajanyavAd mukhyaH zabdArtho vyavasthitaH zeSayorapyapohayorgauNaM zabdArthatvamaviruddhameva / tathAhi - [ tattva saM0 2013 ] sAkSAdapi ca ekasminnevaM ca pratipAdite / prasajyapratiSedho'pi sAmarthyena pratIyate // sAmarthya ca gavAdipratibimbAtmano'parapratibimbAtmaviviktatvAt tadasaMyuktatayA pratIyamAnatvam, tathAtatpratItau prasajyalakSaNApohapratIterapyavazyaM sambhavAt atastasyApi gauNazabdArthatvam / svalakSaNasyApi gauNazabdArthatvamupapadyata eva / tathAhi - prathamaM yathAvasthitavastvanubhavaH tato vivakSA tatastAtvAdiparispandaH, tataH zabda ityevaM paramparayA yadA zabdasya bAhyArtheSvabhisambandhaH syAt tadA vijAtIyavyAvRttasyApi vastuno'rthApattito'dhigama ityanyavyAvRttavastvAtmA'pohaH zabdArtha ityupacaryate / taduktam [ta0 saM0 [ apohamAkSiptavataH kumArilasya pratikSepaH ] 'niSedhamAtraM naiveha zAbde jJAne'vabhAsate iti (43-4) - Jain Educationa International 1014-15] usa buddhi meM bAhyArtharUpa se pratIta hotA hai / isaliye vAcyavAcakabhAva kahiye yA kAryakAraNabhAva saMbaMdha kahiye eka hI hai / niSkarSa, pratibimbarUpa vAcyArtha kA janaka hone se zabda vAcaka hotA hai aura arthapratibimba zabdajanya hone se vAcya kahA jAtA hai| hama vidhirUpa arthapratibimba ko zabdArtha mAnate haiM isaliye yaha jo pahale ( pR0 43-20 ) kahA thA 'mAtra niSedharUpa apoha yahA~ zAbdabuddhi meM nahIM bhAsatA hai" yaha galata ThaharatA hai / kAraNa, hama niSedhamAtra ko zabdArtha nahIM mAnate haiM / uparokta rIti se hamane yaha batA diyA hai ki pratibimba svarUpa apoha sAkSAt zabdajanya hone se vahI mukhya zabdArtha ghaTatA hai / tIna meM se zeSa do apohoM ko gauNarUpa se hama zabdArtha mAnate haiM vaha bhI aviruddha hai / dekhiye - - - - "janyatva ke kAraNa eka apoha meM sAkSAt zabdArtharUpatA pratipAdana karane para prasajyapratiSedha (rUpa apoha) bhI sAmarthya ke jariye pratIta ho sakatA hai / " sAmarthya kA matalaba yaha hai ki - gopiNDAdi ke pratibimba kA svarUpa anya ( azvAdi) ke pratibimba ke svarUpa se vyAvRtta hone se, anyapratibimba ke sAtha asaMbaddharUpa se bhI gopratibimba kA bhAna hotA hai / aura anyavyAvRtti kA bhAna hone para avazyameva prasajyapratiSedharUpa apoha kA bhAna honA anivArya hai kyoMki usa ke vinA vyAvRtti kI pratIti zakya nahIM hai / isaliye prasajyapratiSedha apoha bhI paramparayA gauNarUpa se zabdArtha ghaTa sakatA hai / svalakSaNa ko bhI upacAra se zabdArtha mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai / dekhiye - zabdotpatti kA krama aisA hai ki pahale pratipAdyarUpa abhimata yathArtha vastu kA anubhava (nirvikalpa jJAna ) hogA / usa ke bAda usa ke nirUpaNa kI icchA uThegI / usa icchA se oSTha tAlu Adi meM kriyA paidA hogI, taba zabdaprayoga hogA / isa prakAra paramparayA agni Adi svalakSaNa vastu ke sAtha zabda kA sambandha ghaTita rahegA / usa sambandha se vijAtIyavyAvRtta svalakSaNa rUpa vastu kA zabdajJAnamUlaka arthApatti se ( arthAt yaha abhrAnta gozabda kA prayoga go-svalakSaNa ke For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 na tadAtmA parAtmeti sambandhe sati vastubhiH / vyAvRttavastvadhigamo'pyarthAdeva bhavatyataH // tenA'yamapi zabdasya svArtha ityupacaryate / na ca sAkSAdayaM zandaivividho'poha ucyate // iti // [dignAgavacanatAtparyaprakAzenohayotakaroktadaSaNanirasanam ] tenAcAryadignAgasyopari yaduddayotakareNoktam - "yadi zabdasyApoho'(?nA)bhidheyo'rthastadA'bhidheyAryavyatirekeNAsya svArtho vaktavyaH / atha sa eva svArthastathApi vyAhatametat 'anyazabdArthApohaM hi svArtha kurvatI zrutirabhidhatta ityucyate' iti, asya hi vAkyasyAyamarthastadAnIM bhavatya(nyadana)bhidadhAnA(no)bhidhatta iti" [nyAyavA0 pR. 330 paM0 22 - pR. 331 paM0 3] tadetad vAkyA parijJAnAduktam / tathAhi - svalakSaNamapi zabdasyopacArAt svArtha iti pratipAditam ( ) / ataH svalakSaNAtmake svArthe'rthAntaravyavacchedaM prativimbAntarAd vyAvRttaM prativimbAtmakamapohaM kurvatI zrutirabhidhatte ityucyate ityetadAcAryAyaM vacanamavirodhi / ___ayamAcAryasyAzayaH - na zabdasya bAhArthAdhyavasAyivikalpapratibimbotpAdavyatirekeNAnyo bAhAbhidhAnavyApAraH, nirvyApAratvAt sarvadharmANAm / ato bAhyArthAdhyavasAyena pravRttaM vikalpapratibimba anubhava ke vinA azakya hai - isa prakAra) bhAna hogA isa liye anyavyAvRtta vasturUpa apoha ko bhI upacAra se zabdArtha mAna sakate haiM / kahA hai ki - "gaupratibimbAtmA azvapratibimbAtmaka nahIM hai (isa prakAra prasajyapratiSedharUpa apoha kA zabdArtha rUpa se bhAna hogA, tathA) vastu ke sAtha (paramparayA) zabdasambandha hone para vyAvRttavastu kA bhI arthApatti se bhAna hotA hai / (isa prakAra vyAvRttavastusvarUpa apoha kA bhI bhAna huA) isaliye yaha bhI upacAra se zabda kA apanA artha hai yaha kaha sakate haiM / ye donoM apoha zabda ke sAkSAt abhidheya nahIM hai|" udyotakara ke AkSepoM kA pratyuttara * jaba isa prakAra apohavAda saMgata hai, taba AcArya dignAga ke Upara udyotakara ne yaha kahA hai ki "zabda kA vAcyArtha yadi apoha hai to dignAgavacana meM prayukta svArtha zabda kA abhidheya artha se pRthak apanA koI artha dikhAnA cAhiye / yadi apoha hI usa kA apanA artha hai aisA mAneMge to dignAgane jo yaha kahA hai ki 'anya zabdArtha kA apane artha meM apoha karatI huI zruti abhidhAna (= pratipAdana) karatI hai' isa kathana kA vyAghAta hogA / kAraNa, yahA~ 'svArtha' se yadi apoha hI apekSita hogA taba isa vAkya kA yahI artha nikalegA ki apoha kA abhidhAna karatI huI zruti abhidhAna karatI hai| yahA~ apoha kA hI apoha karane kI bAta paraspara vyAhata hai|" aisA jo udyotakara ne kahA hai vaha dignAgakathana kA artha binA samajhe hI kaha diyA hai / kyoMki svalakSaNa bhI upacAra se 'svArtha' hI hai yaha kahA hI hai / isaliye dignAgAcArya ke kathana kA jo yaha tAtparya hai - "svalakSaNarUpa artha meM anya pratibimba se vyAvRtta tadarthapratibimbarUpa arthAntaravyavaccheda yAnI apoha karatI huI zruti abhidhAna karatI hai' - isa meM koI virodha nahIM hai| isa kathana meM AcArya kA mukhya Azaya yaha hai ki bAhyArtha rUpa se adhyavasita vikalpagata arthapratibimba ko utpanna karane ke alAvA aura koI zabda kA bAhyArthaabhidhAna vyApAra nahIM hotA kyoMki sabhI bAhyadharma jJAna kI utpatti ke liye nirvyApAra hote haiM / isI liye aisA kahate haiM ki bAhyArtha ke adhyavasAyarUpa meM udita vikalpaprativimba

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam janayantI zrutiH svArthamabhidhatta ityucyate, na tu vibhedinaM sajAtIyavijAtIyavyAvRttaM svalakSaNameSA spRzati / tathAvidhapratibimbajanakatvavyatirekeNa nAparA zruterabhidhAkriyA'stItyarthaH / evaMbhUte cApohasya svarUpe na paroktadUSaNAvakAzaH / "tena yaduktam 'yadi gauriti zabdar' ityAdi (pR. 43 paM. 6) tatra gobuddhimeva hi zabdo janayati, anyavizleSastu sAmArthyAd gamyate na tu zabdAt, tasya gopratibimbasya pratibhAsAntarAtmarahitatvAt anyathA niyatarUpasya pratipattireva na syAt - tenAparo dhvanirgobuddherjanako na mRgyate, gozabdenaiva gobuddherjanyamAnatvAt / yadapi 'nanu jJAnaphalAH zabdAH '... ityAdi (pR. 43 paM. 8) kumArilavacanam - tadapyasAram yato yathA 'divA na bhuMkte pIno devadattaH' ityasya vAkyasya sAkSAd divAbhojanapratiSedhaH svArthaH, abhidhAnasAmarthyagamyastu rAtribhojanavidhirna sAkSAt, tadvat 'gauH' ityAderanvayapratipAdakasya zabdasyAnvayajJAnaM sAkSAt phalam vyatirekagatistu sAmarthyAt yasmAdanvayo vidhiravyatirekavAnnAsti vijAtIyavyavacchedAvyabhicAritvAt tasya / ityekajJAnasya phaladvayamaviruddhameva / yato yadi sAkSAdekasya zabdasya vidhi - pratiSedhajJAnalakSaNaM phaladvayaM yugapadabhipretaM syAt tadA bhaved virodhaH, yadA tu divAbhojanavAkyavadekaM sAkSAt aparaM sAmarthyalabhyaM phalamabhISTaM tadA ko virodhaH ? 80 - - ko janma dene vAlI zruti apane artha kA abhidhAna karatI hai / sarvathA bhinna svabhAvavAle sarva sajAtIyoM aura vijAtIyoM se vyAvRtta svalakSaNa ko to vaha sparza bhI nahIM karatI hai / vikalpa meM bAhyArtha ke pratibimba ko utpanna karane ke alAvA aura koI abhidhAna kriyA zruti kI nahIM hotI / isa DhaMga se nirUpita apoha ke svarUpa meM kisI bhI anyakathita dUSaNa ko avakAza nahIM hai / go-buddhijanana ke liye anya zabda anAvazyaka = isa prakAra jaba apohavAda yuktisiddha hai taba pahale (pR.43 - 28) jo yaha kahA thA ki 'gozabda anyavyAvRttiparaka hone se, gobuddhi ke liye aura koI zabda DhU~DhanA paDegA' yaha galata hai / kAraNa, 'gozabda to gobuddhi ( gorUpa artha ke buddhipratibimba) kA janaka hai hI, anyavyAvRtti to zabda se nahIM kintu pratibimba ke sAmarthya se arthApatti se pratIta hotI hai kyoMki vaha gopratibimba svayaM anya azvAdipratibimba se vyAvRtta hotA hai, yadi anya vyAvRttarUpa se 'go' kI pratIti nahIM mAneMge taba to 'yaha go hI hai' aisI niyatasvarUpa kI pratIti hI nahIM ho sakegI / tAtparya, gobuddhi gozabda se hI janya hone se gobuddhijanaka aura kisI zabda DhU~DhanA nahIM paDegA / kumArilane jo yaha kahA thA " zabda jJAnaphala hote haiM", kintu niSedhakAraka yA vidhAyaka eka zabda se ekasAtha anuvRtti aura vyAvRtti viSayaka do buddhi nahIM hotI hai... ityAdi " - yaha bhI niHsAra hai / kAraNa, jaise "sthUla devadatta dina meM nahIM khAtA" isa vAkya kA sAkSAt artha divAbhojana niSedha hai jo usa kA svArtha kahA jAtA hai, tathA apane artha ke pratipAdana kA yaha sAmarthya hotA hai ki usa se rAtribhojana kA nirUpaNa arthAt ho jAtA hai bhale sAkSAt na ho / ThIka isI taraha anvayapratipAdaka 'go' zabda kA sAkSAt phala anvaya kA jJAna hotA hai ki 'yaha gau hai'; kintu azvAdivyAvRtti kA bhAna to usa ke sAmarthya se hotA hai / kAraNa, vyatireka ke vinA anvaya ke vidhi kA bhAna zakya hI nahIM hotA, vijAtIya vyavaccheda kA niyamataH sahacArI - Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 yaccoktam - 'prAgagauriti' (pR. 43 paM.10) jJAnam ityAdi tadapi nirastam, anabhyupagamAt / na hAgopratiSedhamAbhimukhyena gozabdaH karotItyabhyupagatamasmAbhiH / kiM tarhi ? sAmarthyAditi / yacvoktam - 'agonivRttiH sAmAnyam' ityAdi (pR. 46 paM. 2) tadapyasat, bAhyarUpatayA'dhyasto buddhayAkAraH sarvatra zAbaleyAdau 'gaur3heMH' iti samAnarUpatayAvabhAsanAt sAmAnyamityucyate / bAhyavasturUpatvamapi tasya bhrAntapratipattRvazAd vyavahiyate, na paramArthataH / nanu ca yadi kadAcit mukhyaM vastubhUtaM sAmAnyaM bAhAvastvAzritamupalabdhaM bhavet tadA tatsAdharmyadarzanAt tatra sAmAnyabhrAntirbhavet yAvatA mukhyArthAsambhave saiva bhavatAmanupapannA / asadetat - sAdharmyadarzanAdyanapekSadvicandrAdijJAnavat antarupaplavAdapi tajjJAnasambhavAt / na hi sarvA bhrAntayaH sAdha HdarzanAdeva bhavanti / kiM tarhi - antarupaplavAdapItyadoSaH, iti siddhasAdhyatAdoSo na bhavati (pR. 45 paM0-13) / sa eva buddhayAkAro bAhyatayA'dhyasto'poho bAhyavastubhUtaM sAmAnyamivocyate vastuanvaya hone se eka ke jJAna se anya kA bhAna - isa prakAra do phala meM koI virodha nahIM hai / hA~, eka hI zabda se vidhi-pratiSedha ubhaya jJAna ko eka sAtha yadi hama mAnate to virodha ko avakAza thA, kintu jaba divAbhojananiSedhavAkya kI taraha eka artha kA sAkSAt aura dUsare kA sAmarthya se bodha phala mAnate haiM to kisI bhI virodha ko avakAza nahIM hai| yaha jo kahA thA ki - (pR0 44 paM0 19) 'go' zabda ko suna kara pahale 'ago' kA bhAna hogA'.....ityAdi vaha bhI nirasta ho jAtA hai, kyoMki hama 'gozabda agovyavaccheda kA sAkSAt bhAna karAtA hai aisA mAnate hI nahIM / hama to 'gobuddhi' ko gozabda se sAkSAt janya mAna kara sAmarthya se hI vyAvRtti kA bhAna mAnate haiM / tathA yaha jo kahA thA - "Apa gozabda se agonivRttirUpa sAmAnya ko vAcya mAnate haiM usa kA matalaba bhAvarUpa sAmAnya ko vAcya mAnate haiM.....ityAdi (pR0 46 paM0 17)" vaha bhI galata hai / kAraNa, hama sAmAnya ko nivRtti rUpa nahIM mAnate kintu bAhyasvasturUpa se adhyasta bodhAkAra hI zAbaleyAdipiNDoM meM 'yaha gau hai - yaha gau hai isa prakAra samAnadharmarUpa se bhAsatA huA hamAre mata meM sAmAnya kahA jAtA hai / vastuta: vaha bAhya nahIM hai phira bhI bhrAnta buddhivAle logoM ko bAhyarUpa se dikhatA hai isaliye usa kA bAhyarUpa se vyavahAra calatA hai / paramArtha se vaha bAhya nahIM hotA / mukhyArtha ke vinA bhI sAmAnyabhrAnti zaMkA : bAhya vastuoM meM mukhya vAstavika sAmAnya kisI samaya kisI ko agara upalabdha rahatA hai taba usa ke sAdharmya ko dekha kara anya asAmAnyabhUta padArtha meM sAmAnya kI bhrAnti honA ThIka hai / lekina Apa ke apohavAda meM to aisA koI mukhya vAstavika sAmAnya saMmata nahIM hai to phira arthapratibimba meM sAmAnya kA bhrAnta adhyavasAya kaise ghaTegA ? uttara : yaha zaMkA galata hai| sAdharmya darzana ke vinA bhI Antarika doSa kI mahimA se sAmAnya kI bhrAnti ho sakatI hai, jaise gagana meM kabhI kisIne do candra nahIM dekhA, phira bhI (usa ke sAdharmya darzana ke vinA) gagana meM do candra kA bhrAnta darzana dUSita netra se hotA hI hai / aisA nahIM hai ki sabhI bhrAntiyA~ sAdharmya ko dekha kara hI hove / to kaise hotI hai ? Antarika yAnI karaNagata doSoM ke upadrava se bhI bhrAnti hotI

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rUpatvenAdhyavasAyAt, zabdArthatvApoharUpatvayoH prAgeva kAraNamuktam - "bAhyArthAdhyavasAyinyA buddheH zabdAt samudbhavAt" (pR. 77 paM0 6) "pratibhAsAntarAd bhedAt" (pR0 76 paM0 10) ityAdinA / kasmAt punaH paramArthataH sAmAnyamasau na bhavati ? buddheravyatiriktatvenArthAntarAnugamAbhAvAt / taduktam - 'jJAnAdavyatiriktaM ca kathamarthAntaraM vrjet|' na ca bhavadbhirbuddhayAkAro gotvAkhyaM sAmAnyaM vsturuupmissttm| kiM tarhi ? bAhyazAbaleyAdigatamekamanugAmi gotvAdi sAmAnyamupakalpitam ataH kutaH siddhasAdhyatA / yaccoktam - 'niSedhamAtrarUpazca' ityAdi (pR. 46 paM0 6), tasyAnabhyupagatatvAdeva na doSaH / yaccedamuktam - 'tasyAM cAzvAdibuddhInAm' (pR. 46 paM0 7) ityAdi, tadapyasat - yataH uktam (ta.saM. kA.1026) "yadyapyavyatirikto'yamAkAro buddhirUpataH / tathApi bAhyarUpatvaM bhrAntaistasyAvasIyate // " ___ yadapi 'zabdArtho'rthAnapekSaH' (pR. 47 paM0 8). iti, tatra - yatra hi pAramparyAd vastuni hai| isaliye mukhya sAmAnya na mAnane para koI doSa nahIM hai aura sAmAnya kI bhrAnti kI upapatti ke liye mukhya sAmAnya kI siddhi mAnane para hone vAle siddhasAdhyatA doSa ko bhI aba avakAza nahIM hai| hamAre mata meM to bAhyavasturUpa meM adhyasta bodhAkArAtmaka apoha ko hI anyadarzanasvIkRta bAhyavasturUpa sAmAnya ke jaisA mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki usa kA bAhya vastu ke rUpa meM bhramAtmaka bhAna hotA hai / aise bodhAkAra ko hama kyoM zabdArtharUpa aura apoharUpa mAnate haiM isa kA kAraNa to pahale hI hamane yaha kaha kara ke dikhAyA hai ki (pR0 77 paM0 23) bAhyArthAdhyavasAyi buddhi zabda se utpanna hotI hai isaliye janya-janakabhAvAtmaka vAcya-vAcakabhAvasambandha se usa buddhi-AkAra ko zabdArtha kahA jAtA hai / evaM anya arthapratibhAsa se svata:vyAvRta bhAsatA hone ke kAraNa usa ko apoharUpa kahA jAtA hai / (pR0 76 paM0 29) 'Apa kyoM usa ko pAramArthika sAmAnyarUpa se nahIM mAna lete ?' isa prazna kA uttara yaha hai ki buddhiAkAra rUpa apoha buddhi se abhinna hone se anya arthoM meM usa kI anuvRtti zakya nahIM hai / kahA hai ki - 'jo jJAna se apRthak hai vaha anya artha ke prati kaise jAyegA ?' ____ 'Apane buddhiAkAra ko gotvasaMjJaka sAmAnya vastu tattva rUpa nahIM mAnA hai| to kyA mAnA hai ? bAhya zAbaleya-bAhuleya piNDoM meM anuyAyi eka gotvasAmAnya ko mAnA hai jo buddhi-AkAra rUpa nahIM hai / to phira siddhasAdhyatA kaise hogI ? / ' * vividha AkSepoM kA pratyuttara yaha jo kahA thA - 'apoha niSedhamAtrasvarUpa (prasajyapratiSedharUpa) hai (pR. 46 paM0 24)' - aisA to hama mAnate hI nahIM isa liye vahA~ jo zUnyatA meM vAcyatva kI Apatti kahI gaI hai vaha niravakAza hai / tathA yaha jo kahA thA - adhAdibuddhi bAhyavastugrAhI siddha na hone se sirpha buddhi kA apanA aMza hI grAhya siddha huA ityAdi (pR. 46 paM0 26) - vaha bhI galata hai kyoMki vaha pratibimbAkAra buddhisvarUpa se apRthag hone para bhI bhrAnta logoM ko to vaha bAhyarUpa se hI adhyavasita hotA hai / isaliye bAhyavastugrAhitA sarvathA asiddha nahIM hai| * yaha tattvasaMgraha kArikA 920 kA aMza sammatiTIkAkArane pahale chor3a diyA hai. phira bhI yahA~ tattvasaMgraha kArikA 1026 kI paMjikA kA anuvAda karate samaya ullekhita kara diyA hai|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pratibandho'sti tasya bhrAntasyApi sato vikalpasya maNiprabhAyAM maNibuddhivad na bAhyArthAnapekSatvamasti, ato'siddhaM bAhyArthAnapekSatvam / yacca 'vasturUpAvabhAsA(rUpA ca sA) buddhiH' (pR0 47 paM0 2) ityAdi, tatra yadyapi vasturUpA sA buddhistathApi tasyAstena bAhyAtmanA buddhayantarAtmanA ca vastutvaM nAstIti pratipAditam (pR. 79 paM0 1) / tena 'buddherbuddhayantarApoho na gamyate' (pR. 47 paM0 11) ityasiddham sAmarthyena gamyamAnatvAt / / ___'asatyapi ca bAhye'rthe' (pR. 47 paM0 8) ityatra yathaiva hi pratibimbAtmakaH pratibhAkhyo'poho vAkyArtho'smAbhirupavarNitastathaiva padArtho'pi, yasmAt padAdapi prativimbAtmako'poha utpadyata eva, padArthopi sa eva, ato na kevalaM vAkyArtha iti vipratipatterabhAvAd nopa(pA)lambho yuktaH / / 'buddhayantarAd vyavacchedo na buddheH pratIyate' (pR. 47 paM0 11) ityAdAvapi, yata eva hi svarUpotpAdanamAtrAdanyamaMzaM sA na bibharti tata eva svabhAvavyavasthitatvAd buddherbuddhayantarAd vyavacchedaH pratIyate, anyathA'nyasvarUpaM bibhratI kathaM tato vyavacchinnA pratIyate ? tathA yaha jo kahate haiM - 'arthanirapekSa apoha ko zabdArtha batAnA ayukta hai' - isa ke liye hameM yaha kahanA hogA ki jisa vikalpa ko paramparayA bhI vastu ke sAtha sambandha rahatA hai vaha vikalpa bhrAnta hone para bhI "maNiprabhA meM bhrAnta maNibuddhi kI taraha arthasApekSa hI hotA hai, nirapekSa nahIM hotA / isaliye arthanirapekSatA asiddha hai| yaha jo kahA hai - 'buddhirUpa vastu hI vAcya hai, apoha nahIM' ityAdi (pR. 47 paM0 15) - vahA~ kahanA hogA ki, yadyapi vaha vAcyabuddhi vasturUpa hI hai phira bhI bAhyArtharUpa se to vaha vasturUpa nahIM hai, anyabuddhirUpa se bhI vasturUpa nahIM hai, yaha pahale hI spaSTa kiyA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki vAcya vasturUpa buddhi anyabuddhirUpa yA bAhyArtharUpa se avastu yAnI apohAtmaka hone se yaha jo kahA thA ki 'eka buddhi meM anya kA apoha jJAta nahIM hotA' yaha bAta asiddha hai, kyoMki vaha bhI sAkSAt nahIM kintu sAmarthya se to jJAta hotA hI hai yaha pahale kaha diyA hai| pratibhAtmaka padArtha apoharUpa bhI hai* yaha jo kahA thA - (pR0 47 paM0 23) 'bAhyArtha na hone para bhI vAkyArtha kI taraha padArtha bhI pratibhArUpa prasakta hotA hai na ki apoharUpa / ' yaha bhI binA samajhe kahA hai| kAraNa, hama vAkyArtharUpa se pratibhA ko dikhAte haiM vaha pUrvavarNita pratibimbAtmaka apoharUpa hI hai aura isI taraha pada se bhI pratibimba kA udaya hotA hai aura vahI usa pada kA vAcya padArtha hotA hai jo ki pUrvavarNita rIti se apoharUpa hI hai, sirpha vAkyArtha hI mAnate haiM aisA nahIM hai isaliye aba koI vivAda nahIM rahatA / jisa se ki hameM upAlambha diyA jA ske| yaha jo kahA thA (pR. 47 paM0 27) 'eka buddhi anya buddhi se vyAvRtta hone para bhI vyAvRtti upalakSita nahIM hotI' - yahA~ bhI kahanA hogA ki apane svarUpa kI utpatti ke alAvA anya kisI bhI aMza = svarUpa ko jaba vaha buddhi dhAraNa nahIM karatI hai to vaha anyavyAvRtti usa ke svabhAvagata ho jAne se vaha buddhi jaba bhAsamAna hogI taba usa ke sAtha usa se apRthak anyavyavaccheda bhI avazyameva bhAsita hogaa| aisA nahIM mAneMge to anyasvarUpa kA dhAraNa zaMkAspada rahane se, usa se vyAvRtta ho kara vaha svatantrarUpa se kaise pratIta ho sakegI ? * maNi kI prabhA meM maNi kA bhrama sAkSAta maNigrAhaka nahIM hotA. kinta bhrama se prabhA meM pravatta hone para prabhAsa hotI hai- isaliye bhrama hone para bhI vaha maNinirapekSa nahIM hotaa|

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 'bhinnasAmAnyavacanA' ( pR0 48 paM0 3 ) ityAdAvapi yathaiva hyapohasya niHsvabhAvatvAdarUpasya parasparato bhedo nAstItyucyate tathaivA'bhedo'pi iti kathamabhinnArthAbhAve paryAyatvA''saJjanaM kriyate ? abhedo hyekarUpatvam tacca nIrUpeSvekarUpatvaM nAstIti na paryAyatA / 84 syAdetat 'yadi nAma nIrUpeSvekarUpatvaM bhAvo (1vato) nAsti tathApi kAlpanikasya tasya bhAvAt paryAyatAsaJjanaM yuktameva' nanvevaM paryAyA'paryAyavyavasthA zabdAnAM kathaM yuktA ? uktaM ca (ta.saM. 103132) " rUpAbhAve'pi caikatvaM kalpanAnirmitaM yathA / vibhedo'pi tathaiveti kutaH paryAyatA tataH 1 // - bhAvatastu na paryAyAna (nA) paryAya (yA)zva vAcakAH / na hyekaM vAcyameteSAmanekaM ceti varNitam // " yadi paramArthato bhinnamabhinnaM vA kiJcid vAcyaM vastu zabdAnAM syAt tadA paryAyA'paryAyatA bhavet yAvatA (19-7) 'svalakSaNaM jAtistadyogo jAtimAMstathA' (ta0 saM0 870 ) ityAdinA varNitam yathaiSAM na kiJcid vAcyamastIti / paryAyAdivyavasthA tu antareNA'pi sAmAnyam sAmAnyAdizabdatvasya vyavasthApanAt / tasya cedaM nibandhanaM yad bahUnAmekArthakriyAkAritvam prakRtyA kecid bhAvA bahavo - 'pyekArthakriyAkAriNo bhavanti teSAmekArthakriyAsAmarthyapratipAdanAya vyavahartRbhirlAghavArthamekarUpAdhyAropeNaikA zrutirnivezyate yathA bahuSu rUpAdiSu madhUdakAharaNalakSaNaikArthakriyAsamartheSu 'ghaTaH' ityekA zrutirnivezyate / - - tathA, yaha jo kahA thA 'pRthak pRthak sAmAnyavAcI 'go' Adi zabda aura vizeSavAcI zAbaleyAdi zabda sabhI kA artha apoha hone para sAmAnya vizeSavAcI zabda eka-dUsare ke paryAyavAcI bana jAyeMge'.... ityAdi yahA~ yaha kahanA hai ki jaba svabhAvahIna hone se apohoM meM paraspara bheda kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai to usI taraha svabhAvarahita hone ke kAraNa unameM abheda kA bhI niSedha kyoM nahIM hogA ? jaba isa taraha abhinna artha bhI nahIM hai to phira paryAyavAcI bana jAne kI Apatti kaise ho sakatI hai ?! abheda kA matalaba hai ekarUpatA / niHsvarUpa artha meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai isaliye paryAyatA bhI nahIM ho sakatI / sAmAnya ke vinA bhI paryAyAdivyavasthA - - AzaMkA : hAlA~ki niHsvarUpa apohoM meM bhAvAtmaka yAnI vAstavikarUpatA nahIM hai phira bhI Apa kAlpanika ekarUpatA ko mAnate haiM isaliye hama paryAyavAcitA kA prasaMjana karate haiM vaha yukta hai / uttara : jaba Apa kAlpanika ekarUpatA para paryAyatA kA prasaJjana kareMge to phira paryAyatA- aparyAyatA kI koI niyata vyavasthA kaise ghaTegI ? tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai ki " svarUpa ke vinA bhI jaise ekatva, kalpanA se svIkRta hai to kalpanA se hI vibheda bhI svIkRta hai to paryAyatA kaise AyegI // paramArtha se to kahA jAtA hai ki vAcakadhvani na paryAya hai na aparyAya hai, evaM unake vAcya bhI na eka haiM na aneka haiM / " Jain Educationa International isI kathana ko usa kI vyAkhyA meM spaSTa karate hue yaha kahA hai ki pAramArthikarUpa se bhinna yA abhinna aisI koI zabdoM kI vAcya vastu hotI taba to vAcakadhvaniyoM meM paryAyatA- aparyAyatA bhI vAstava meM ho sakatI thI / kintu pahale hI kaha Aye haiM ki svalakSaNa, jAti, jAti kA sambandha yA jAtimAn ina meM se koI bhI zabdavAcya nahIM hai / taba lokaprasiddha paryAyAdi vyavasthA kaise hogI ? isa prazna kA uttara yaha hai ki sAmAnya ke na hone para - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 kayaM punarekenAnugAminA vinA bahuSvekA zrutirniyoktuM zakyA ? iti na vaktavyam, icchAmAtrapratibaddhatvAt zabdAnAmarthapratiniyamasya / tathAhi - cakSurUpA''loka-manaskAreSu rUpavijJAnaikaphaleSu yadi kazcid vinApyekenAnugAminA sAmAnyenecchAvazAdekA zrutiM nivezyet tat kiM tasya kazcit pratiroddhA bhavet ? na hi teSu locanAdiSvekaM cakSurvijJAnajanakatvaM sAmAnyamasti yataH sAmAnya-samavAya-vizeSA api bhavadbhiH cakSurjJAnajanakA abhyupagamyante, na ca teSu sAmAnyasamavAyo'sti niHsAmAnyatvAt sAmAnyasya, samavAyasya ca dvitIyasamavAyAbhAvAt / na ca ghaTAdikAryasyodakAharaNAdestajjJAnasya ca svalakSaNarUpatvena bhinnatvAt kathamekakAryakAribhI yaha zabda sAmAnyavAcaka hai aisI vyavasthA kA nimitta yaha hai - aneka vastu kA eka-arthakriyA-kAritva / svabhAva se hI kucha padArthoM kI arthakriyA ekasI hotI hai / vyavahArI loga una kA eka-arthakriyA-kAritva dikhAne meM lAghava karane ke liye ekarUpatA kA adhyAropa kara ke eka zabda ko niyata karate haiM / udA0 rUpa-rasa-miTTI-AkAra Adi aneka vastusamUha madhu-Anayana yA jalAnayana Adi eka arthakriyA mila kara karate haiM to unameM ghaTatva kA adhyAropa kara ke 'ghaTa' zabda se una kA vyavahAra karate haiM / prazna : jaba una meM koI vAstavika eka anugata ghaTatvAdi hai hI nahIM to eka zabda ko niyata kaise kara sakate haiM ? uttara : aisA pUchane kI jarUra nahIM hai / svayaM dekhiye - zabdoM kA arthoM ke sAtha pratiniyata bhAva icchAdhIna hI hotA hai / jaise cakSu, rUpa, prakAza aura mana Adi eka hI rUpavijJAna ko utpanna karate haiM, yaha dekha kara una meM koI sAmAnya na hone para bhI svatantra icchA se koI una ke liye eka hI zabda kA prayoga kare to kyA koI use roka sakatA hai ? jAnate hI haiM ki locana Adi meM koI eka cAkSuSajJAnajanakatva sAmAnya nahIM hai| Apake mata se sAmAnya, samavAya (saMnikarSa) aura vizeSa ye saba cAkSuSajJAnajanaka mAne jAte haiM; una meM kisI eka sAmAnya kA samavAya to hotA nahIM hai / kAraNa, sAmAnya meM sAmAnya anavasthA ke kAraNa nahIM mAnA jAtA aura samavAya kA dUsarA samavAya bhI nahIM mAnA jAtA / ghaTAdisvalakSaNa meM ekakAryakAritva asiddha nahIM prazna : ghaTAdi ko ekakAryakArI kaise kaha sakate haiM ? jaba ki usa ke kArya jalAnayana yA tattadviSayaka jJAna to svalakSaNarUpa hone se pratikSaNa eka dUsare se sarvathA bhinna hote haiM ? uttara : aisA mata pUchIye / kAraNa, yaha ThIka hai ki svalakSaNa kA bheda hone se tadrUpa kArya bhI bhinna bhinna hotA hai, phira bhI jo jJAnarUpa kArya hai vaha pratikSaNa pRthak pRthak hone para bhI 'eka hI artha ko dekha rahA hU~' aise ekArthAdhyavasAyi parAmarzapratyaya kA hetu banatA hai isaliye usako eka mAnA jA sakatA hai; evaM ekArthAdhyAvasAyi pratyaya ke hetu hone vAle ghaTAdi arthoM ko bhI abhinna kahA jAtA hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "jo yaha parAmarza pratyaya hai vaha bhI svalakSaNarUpa hone se dUsare pratyayoM se sarvathA bhinna hI hotA hai isa liye una meM ekatva asiddha hai| yadi unameM ekatva dikhAne ke liye anya anya ekArthAdhyavasAyi parAmarzapratyayoM kA AdhAra liyA jAyegA to anavasthA doSa lagegA / isaliye jJAnarUpa kArya bhI eka siddha na hone se kahIM bhI anekoM meM eka zabda ko niyata karane kI bAta saMgata nahIM ho sakatI / " - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa,

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 86 tvam ? iti vaktavyam, yato yadyapi svalakSaNabhedAt tatkAryaM bhidyate tathApi jJAnAkhyaM tAvat kAryamekArthAdhyavasAyiparAmarzapratyayahetutvAdekam, tajjJAnahetutvAccArthA ghaTAdayo'bhedina ityucyante / na ca yo'sau parAmarzapratyayastasyApi svalakSaNarUpatayA bhidyamAnatvAdekatvA'siddheraparAparaikAkAraparAmarzapratyayakAryAnusaraNato'navasthAprasaGgato ne ( nai ) kakAryatayA kvacidekazrutinivezo bahuSu siddhimupagacchatIti vAcyam, yato na parAmarzapratyayasyaikakAryakAritayaikatvamucyate, kiM tarhi ? ekAdhyavasAyitayA svayameva parAmarzapra - tyayAnAmekatvasiddhernAnavasthAdvAreNaikazrutinivezAbhAvaH, ata ekAkAraparAmarzahetutvAd jJAnAkhyaM kAryamekam, taddhetutvAd ghaTAdaya ekatvavyapadezabhAjaH / tena, vinApi vastubhUtaM sAmAnyaM, sAmAnyavacanA ghaTAdayaH siddhimAsAdayanti / tathA, kazcideko'pi prakRtyaiva sAmaggrantarAntaH pAtaMvazAdanekArthakriyAkArI bhavati vyatirekeNApi vastubhUtasAmAnyadharmabhedam / tatrAtatkAryapadArthabhedabhUyastvAt anekazrutisamAvezaH anekadharmasamAropAt / yathA svadeze parasyotpattipratibandhakAritvAd rUpaM sapratigham saha nidarzanena cakSurjJAnajanakatvena varttate iti sanidarzanaM ca tadevocyate, yathA vA zabda eko'pi prayatnA'nantarajJAnaphalatayA 'prayatnA'nantaraH' ityucyate, zrotrajJAnaphalatvAcca zrAvaNaH 'zrutiH zravaNaM zrotR (tra ) jJAnam tatpratibhAsatayA tatra bhavaH zrAvaNaH, parAmarzapratyayoM kA ekatva ekakArya kAritA ke AdhAra para hama nahIM dikhAte / to kaise dikhAte haiM ? sabhI parAmarza pratyaya ekArthAdhyavasAyi hote haiM - isI se svayameva usameM ekatva siddha hotA hai / isa liye anavasthA doSa dikhA kara eka zabdaprayoga ko niyata karane kI bAta asaMgata nahIM, saMgata hI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki ekAkAra parAmarzapratyaya kA hetu hone vAlA jJAnarUpa ghaTAdijanya kArya eka kahA jAtA hai| tathA, vaise eka kArya karanevAle ghaTAdi arthoM meM bhI ekatva kA vyavahAra hotA hai / isa prakAra, vastubhUta sAmAnya na mAnane para bhI sAmAnyavAcI ghaTAdizabdoM kI saMgati- - vyavasthA siddha hotI hai / - Jain Educationa International - sAmAnyabheda vinA bhI vividha arthakriyA taduparAMta, aisA bhI hotA hai ki vyakti eka ho phira bhI svabhAvataH bhinna bhinna kAryasAmagrI meM kAlabheda se juTa jAne para aneka vividha arthakriyA karane lagatA hai| hAlA~ ki usa meM bhinna bhinna kArya ke prayojaka koI vAstavika sAmAnyabheda hotA nahIM hai phira bhI svakArya se bhinna atatkArya ( = asvakArya ) bhUta padArtha ke bheda yAnI vyAvRtti aneka hone se usa eka vyakti meM aneka dharmoM ke samAropa hone ke kAraNa, eka hI vyakti meM aneka zabdoM kA niveza kiyA jAtA hai| dekhiye - eka hI rUpa ko sapratigha bhI kahA jAtA hai aura sanidarzana bhI kahA jAtA hai / sapratigha isaliye ki vaha apane upAdAnadeza meM dUsare rUpa kI utpatti kA avarodha karatA hai / sanidarzana ( yAnI nidarzanavAlA) isaliye ki vaha cAkSuSajJAnarUpa nidarzana kA janmadAtA hai / athavA zabda kA udAharaNa dekhiye - zabdajJAna se zabdotpAdaka prayatna hotA hai to usa prayatna se zabdajJAna ke phalarUpa zabda kA janma hotA hai isaliye zabda ko prayatnAnantara ( = prayatnajanya) kahA jAtA hai / usI zabda ko zrAvaNa bhI kahA jAtA hai / 'zrAvaNa' ke do artha saMbhavita hai- 1. zruti zravaNa yA zrotrajJAna ye saba ekArthaka haiM, zravaNa meM pratibhAsita hone ke kAraNa tadbhava zabda ko 'zrAvaNa' kaha sakate haiM, 2 athavA zravaNa ( = zrotrajJAna) usa kA phala hai isaliye bhI zabda ko zrAvaNa kaha sakate haiN| isa prakAra atatkAryabheda kI bahulatA ke kAraNa eka For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 87 yadvA zravaNena gRhyata iti zrAvaNaH' - evamatatkAryabhedenaikasminnapyanekA zrutinivezyamAnA'viruddhA / atatkAraNabhedenApi kvacit tanivezaH, yathA bhrAmaraM madhu kSudrAdikRtamadhuno vyAvRttyA / tathA tatkAryakAraNapadArthavyavacchedamAtrapratipAdanecchayA antareNApi sAmAnyaM zruterbhedena nivezanaM sambhavati - azrAvaNaM yathA rUpaM vidyudvA'yatnajA yathA // [ta. saM. kA. 1042] ityAdinA prabhedena vibhinnArthanibandhanAH / vyAvRttayaH prakalpyante taniSTAH(ThAH) zrutayastathA // 1043 // yathAsaMketamevAto'saMkIrNAbhidhAyinaH / zabdA vivekato vRttAH paryAyA na bhavanti na (naH) // 1044) // zrotrajJAnaphalazabdavyavacchedena 'azrAvaNaM rUpam' ityucyate, prayatnakAraNaghaTAdipadArthavyavacchedena 'vidyuprayatnajA' ityabhidhIyate / antareNA'pi sAmAnyAdikaM vastubhUtam vyAvRttikRtameva zabdAnAM bhedena nivezanaM siddham, paryAyatvaprasaMgAbhAvazca vibhinnArthanibandhanavyAvRttiniSTa(Tha)tve zrutInAM siddhaH / syAdetat - mA bhUta paryAyatvameSAm arthabhedasya kalpitatvAt, sAmAnyavizeSavAcitvavyavasthA tu vinA sAmAnya-vizeSAbhyAM kathameSAm ? ucyate - (tattvasaM. kA. 1045) hI vyakti meM aneka zabdoM kA niveza aviruddha hai / atatkAryabheda kI taraha atatkAraNabheda kI bahulatA se bhI eka vyakti meM aneka zabdoM kA niveza hotA hai, jaise - madha ke apane aneka kAraNa hai, bhramara, madhamakkhI, kuntI (Adi kSudrajantu) / ve saba paraspara bhinna hone se una sabhI meM bhinna bhinna atatkAraNavyAvRtti rahatI hai isa liye madha ke liye bhrAmara, mAkSika, kSaudra Adi aneka zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai| kabhI kabhI to sAmAnya ke vinA bhI sirpha atatkAryapadArthavyAvRtti mAtra ke yA atatkAraNapadArthavyAvRttimAtra ke pratipAdana kI icchA se hI nagarbhita zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| jaise . "rUpa meM zrotrajJAnaphalakazabda kI vyAvRttimAtra dikhAne ke liye rUpa ko 'azrAvaNa' kahA jAtA hai / athavA prayatnakAraNaka ghaTAdi kI vyAvRttimAtra ko dikhAne ke liye bijalI ko 'ayatnajA' kahA jAtA hai|" ___"isa prakAra vyAvRttaarthamUlaka bhinnatA jaise vyAvRttioM meM prakalpita haiM vaise hI vyAvRttArtha meM nivezita zabdoM meM bhI bhinnatA ho sakatI hai' vyAvRttibheda ke kAraNa saMketa ke anusAra zabda bhI pRthak pRthak asaMkIrNa arthoM kA abhidhAna karane meM saviveka haiM isaliye hamAre pakSa meM paryAyavAcitA ke prasaMga ko koI avakAza nahIM sArAMza yaha hai ki zrotrajJAnaphalakazabda kA niSedha karane ke liye rUpa ko 'azrAvaNa' kahA jAtA hai / prayatnamUlaka ghaTAdi padArtha ke niSedhArtha bIjalI ko 'aprayatnajA' kahate haiM / isa prakAra vAstavika sAmAnya ke na hone para bhI vyAvRtti ke jariye zabdoM kA bhinna bhinna artha meM niveza hotA hai / tathA, vyAvRttArthamUlaka vyAvRttiyoM se adhiSThita hone ke kAraNa zabdoM meM - yAnI gavAdizabda aura zAbaleyAdizabdoM meM paryAyavAcitA ko avakAza asiddha hai| prazna : paryAyavAcitA kA prasaMga bhale na ho, kyoMki Apane arthabheda kI kalpanA kara lI hai| kintu 'go Adi zabda sAmAnyavAcaka haiM aura zAbaleyAdizabda vizeSavAcaka haiM yaha vyavasthA sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko mAne vinA kaise hogI ?

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88 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam bahvalpaviSayatvena tatsaMketAnusArataH / sAmAnya-bhedavAcyatvamapyeSAM na virudhyate // vRkSazabdo hi sarveSveva dhava-khadira-palAzAdiSvavRkSavyavacchedamAtrAnusyUtaM pratibimbakaM janayati, tenAsya bahuviSayatvAt sAmAnyaM vAcyamucyate, dhavAdizabdasya tu khadirAdivyAvRttakatipayapAdapAdhyavasAyivikalpotpAdakatvAd vizeSo vAcyaM ucyte| yaduktam 'apohyabhedena' (pR. 52 paM0 6) ityAdi, tatra - [tattvasaMgrahe 1046 taH 1049] tAzca vyAvRttayo'rthAnAM kalpanAzilpinirmitAH / nApohyAdhArabhedena bhiyante paramArthataH // tAsAM hi bAhyarUpatvaM kalpitaM na tu vAstavam / bhedAbhedau ca tattvena vastunyeva vyavasthitau // svabIjAnekaviliSTavastusaGketazaktiH / vikalpAstu vibhiyante tadrUpAdhyavasAyinaH // naikAtmatAM prapadyante na bhidyante ca khaNDazaH / svalakSaNAtmakA arthA vikalpaH plavate tvasau // asya sarvasyApyayamabhiprAyaH - yadi hi pAramArthiko'pohyabhedenAdhArabhedena vA'pohasya bhedo'bhISTaH syAt tadaitad dUSaNaM syAt, yAvatA kalpanayA sajAtIya-vijAtIyapadArthabhedairiva vyAvRttayo bhinnAH kalpyante na paramArthataH / tataH tAca kalpanAvazAdavyatiriktA iva vastuno bhAsante na paramArthataH / paramArthatastu vikalpA eva bhiyante anAdivikalpavAsanA'nyaviviktavastusaMketAdenimittAd vyAvRttavastvadhyavasAyinaH, na uttara : isa ke liye bhI hameM sAmAnya ko mAnane kI jarUrata nahIM hai / kAraNa, "bahutvaviSayaka aura alpatvaviSayaka saMketa ke anusAra amuka zabda kA vAcya sAmAnya aura amuka zabda kA vAcya vizeSa hai yaha vyavasthA bhI ghaTa sakatI hai|" jaise - 'vRkSa' zabda dhava-khadira-palAzAdi sabhI vRkSoM meM avRkSavyAvRttisaMzliSTa pratibimba ko paidA karatA hai, ata: bahuviSayaka hone se, usa kA vAcya 'sAmAnya' kahA jAyegA / 'dhava' ityAdizabda khadirAdi se bhinna kucha hI vRkSoM ko viSaya karane vAle vikalpa ke utpAdaka hone se, usa kA vAcya 'vizeSa' kahA jaaygaa| bheda yA abheda vyAvRttiyoM meM nahIM, vikalpa meM pahale jo yaha kahA thA - 'vastubhUta sAmAnya mAne vinA apohyabheda se apohoM kA bheda siddha nahIM ho sakatA' - usa ke upara yaha kahate haiM ki - (tattvasaMgraha kI 4 kArikA ke bAda una sabhI kA abhiprAya bhI TIkAkAra ne uddhRta kiyA hai - isa liye nIce donoM kA pRthak pRthak nahIM, militarUpa se hI vivaraNa likhA yadi hama apohyabheda se yA AdhArabheda se apoha ke bheda ko pAramArthika mAnate taba to vaha dUSaNa laga sakatA / kintu hama to vaise kalpanA se jaise padArthoM meM sajAtIyoM ke aura vijAtIyoM ke bheda kI kalpanA karate haiM - vaise kalpanA se hI vyAvRttiyoM kA bhI bheda mAnate haiM, pAramArthika bheda nahIM mAnate / tathA, kalpanAvaza hI ye vyAvRttiyA~ 'bAhya vastu se apRthak ho' aisA bhAsa hotA hai, vAstava meM aisA nahIM hai kyoMki paramArtha se to bheda yA abheda vastu meM hI hote haiM avastu meM nahIM / ___ vyAvRttiyoM kA bheda to kAlpanika hai / vAstava meM to bIjabhUta anAdikAlIna tathAvidhavikalpavAsanA, anya *. 'tAnumAnataH' iti mudrite tattvasaMgrahe / .. kalpanAvazAd vyatiriktA - iti pAThaH tttvsNgrhe|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 tvarthAH / tathAhi - vRkSatvAdisAmAnyarUpeNa naikAtmatAM dhavAdayaH pratipadyante, nApi kSaNikA'nAtmakAdidharmabhedena khaNDazo bhidyante, kevalaM vikalpa eva tathA plavate, na tvarthaH / yathoktam - [pra.vA. 3/86] "saMsRjyante na bhidyante svato'rthAH pAramArthikAH / rUpamekamane vA teSu buddharupaplavaH // " yaccoktam - 'na cA'prasiddhasArUpya..' (pR. 50 paM0 3) ityAdi, tatra - [tattvasaMgrahe 1049] "ekadharmAnvayA'sattve'pyapohyA'pohagocarAH / vailakSaNyena gamyante'bhinnapratyavamarzakAH // " apohyAca apohagocarAceti vigrahaH / tatrApohyA azvAdayaH gozabdasya tadapohena pravRttatvAt, apohagocarAH zAbaleyAdayaH tadviSayatvAd ago'pohasya / tena yadyapyekasya sAmAnyarUpasyAnvayo nAsti tathApyabhinnapratyavamarzahatavo ye te prasiddhasArUpyA bhavanti, ye tu viparItAste viparItA iti / syAdetad - tasyaivaikapratyavamarzasya hetavo'ntareNa sAmAnyamekaM kathamA bhinnAH siddhayanti ? ucyate - [tattvasaMgrahe - 1050] "ekapratyavamarza hi kecidevopayoginaH / prakRtyA bhedavanto'pi nAnya ityupapAditam // " aneka padArtho se svata:vyAvRtta vastu aura usa kA saMketa - ina ke prabhAva se vyAvRttiyoM meM bhedAdhyavasAyi vikalpa hI bhinna bhinna hote haiM na ki artha / dekhiye - vRkSatvAdi (kAlpanika) sAmAnyarUpa se dhavAdi koI ekAtmabhAva ko prApta nahIM ho jAte; tathA kSaNikatva, anAtmakatva Adi dharmoM ke bheda se koI eka dhavAdi khaNDa khaNDa bhinna nahIM ho jAte haiN| sirpha tattadadhyavasAyi vikalpa hI eka yA aneka rUpa se utthita hotA hai / jaise ki pramANavArttika meM kahA hai ki - "pAramArthika artha na to apane rUpa se saMsRSTa hotA hai, na to bhinna rahatA hai, phira bhI unameM eka gotvAdi anugata dharma kA yA kRtakatvAdi aneka vizeSoM kA vyavahAra calatA hai vaha saba anAdikAlInavAsanA se utthita vikalpabuddhi kA upaplava hai" / sAmAnya ke vinA bhI abhinnapratyavamarza se sArUpya * pahale jo yaha kahA thA ki "gausamUha meM sArUpya yAnI eka sAmAnyadharma kA asvIkAra karane para govarga hI azvAdivyAvRtti kA AzrayarUpa kaise siddha ho sakegA ?" isa ke uttara meM aba kahate haiM ki - "ekadharma kA anvaya na hone para bhI apohya aura apohagocara abhinapratyavamarza ke hetu hone para vilakSaNa rUpa se jJAta ho sakate haiN|" - yahA~ apohya kA artha hai azvAdi kyoMki usa kA apoha karate hue gozabda pravRtta hotA hai; aura apohagocara kA matalaba hai zAbaleyAdi govarga kyoMki agoapoha kA vahI viSaya yAnI Azraya hai| uttara kA tAtparya yaha hai ki samasta govarga meM yadyapi kisI eka gotvAdi sAmAnyadharma kA anvaya hama nahIM mAnate haiM, phira bhI jisa jisa piNDa se abhinna pratyavamarza yAnI eka - samAna vikalpa utpanna hotA hai una piNDoM meM (govarga meM) sArUpya - sAmAnya kA vyavahAra hogA aura jisa piNDa meM vaisA samAna vikalpa nahIM UThegA usameM (azvAdi meM) vailakSaNya kA vyavahAra hogA / isa taraha eka dharmAnvaya ke abhAva meM bhI samAnavikalpamUlaka sArUpyavyavahAra ho sakatA hai| prabha : eka sAmAnyadharma ke abhAva meM sarvathA anyonya bhinna amuka hI govargarUpa artha usa eka (=samAna) vikalpa ke hI heturUpa meM bhI kaise siddha hoMge ? uttara : "hamane yaha pahale siddha kiyA hai ki sabhI artha anyonya bhinna hote huye bhI svabhAva se hI

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pratipAditametat sAmAnyaparIkSAyAm - 'yathA dhAtryAdayo'ntareNApi sAmAnyamekArthakriyAkAriNo bhavanti tathaikapratyavamarzahatavo bhinnA api bhAvAH kecideva bhaviSyanti' iti / / _ 'na cAnvayavinirmuktAH'.. (pR. 50 50 10) ityAdAvAha - yadyapi sAmAnya vastubhUtaM nAsti tathApi vijAtIyavyAvRttasvalakSaNamAtreNaivAnvayaH kriyamANo na virudhyate / yasminnadhUmato bhinna vidyate hi svalakSaNam / tasminnanagnito'pyasti parAvRttaM svalakSaNam // yathA mahAnase veha vidyate'dhUmabhedi tat / tasmAdanagnito bhinna vidyate'tra svalakSaNam // [tattvasaMgrahe-1052-53] . avayavapaMcakamapi svalakSaNenAnvaye kriyamANe zakyopadarzanamityevaM prayogapradarzanaM kRtam, idaM ca kAryahetAbudAharaNam / svabhAvahetAvapi - yad asato vyAvRttaM svalakSaNaM tat sarva sthirAdapi vyAvRttam yathA buddhayAdi, tathA cedaM zabdAdi svalakSaNamasadrUpaM na bhavatIti / amunA nyAyena vizeSA'saMsparzAt svalakSaNenA'nvayaH kriyamANo na virudhyate / yadi tarhi svalakSaNenaivAnvayaH kathaM sAmAnyalakSaNaviSayamaamuka hI (govargAdirUpa) artha samAnavikalpa ke udbhava ke hetu hote haiM / " sAmAnyaparIkSA prakaraNa meM yaha kaha diyA gayA hai ki jaise dhAtrI (A~valA) Adi auSadhoM meM eka sAmAnyadharma na hone para bhI ve roganAza Adi samAnArthakriyA karate haiM, saba nahIM karate / usI taraha sabhI padArtha bhinna hote huye bhI kucha hI padArtha svabhAvata: aise hote haiM jo samAna vikalpa utpanna karate haiM / svalakSaNa se hI anvayakAryasampAdana * pahale jo yaha kahA thA (pR. 50 paM0 31) - 'anvaya yAnI vastubhUta sAmAnya ke vinA zabda aura liMga kI pravRtti durghaTa hai' isa ke sAmane aba yaha bAta hai ki, hAlA~ki vastubhUta sAmAnya hama nahIM mAnate haiM, phira bhI vijAtIyavyAvRttiviziSTa svalakSaNamAtra se anvaya kiyA jAya to koI virodha nahIM hai| jaise ki kahA __ "jisa (pakSa) meM adhUmavyAvRttivAlA svalakSaNa (yAnI dhUma) hotA hai usa meM anagnivyAvRttivAlA svalakSaNa bhI rahatA hai / jaise ki pAkazAlA meM adhUmabhedavAlA svalakSaNa rahatA hai to anagni bhinna svalakSaNa bhI vahA~ rahatA hI hai|" kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki svalakSaNoM se hI atadvyAvRttarUpa se anvaya kiyA jA sakatA hai / pahale yahA~ vyApti kA nirUpaNa kara ke pAkazAlA kA dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai yaha eka saMkSipta anumAnaprayoga kA hI nidarzana hai jisa meM vyAptisahita udAharaNarUpa avayavaprayoga kiyA gayA hai| aura isa taraha pA~co avayavoM kA prayoga yahA~ kiyA jA sakatA hai / dhUmasvalakSaNa agni kA kArya hai jo yahA~ heturUpa meM nirdiSTa hai - ata: yaha kAryahetuka anumAna huA / svabhAvahetuka anumAnaprayoga bhI ho sakatA hai / jaise "jo asat se vyAvRtta svalakSaNa hotA hai vaha saba sthira se bhI vyAvRtta (yAnI kSaNika) hotA hai / udA0 buddhi Adi svalakSaNa asadvyAvRtta hai to sthiravyAvRtta (kSaNika) bhI hai / usI taraha zabdAdi svalakSaNa bhI asadvyAvRtta hote haiM isaliye sthiravyAvRtta bhI hone cAhiye / ina prayogo meM vizeSa ko chue vinA bhI (evaM sAmAnya ke svIkAra vinA bhI) sirpha vyAvRttimukha svalakSaNa se anvaya kA kiyA jAnA aviruddha hai|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 numAnam ? tadeva hi svalakSaNamavivakSitabhedaM sAmAnyalakSaNamityuktam 'sAmAnyena bhedAparAmarzena lakSyate'dhyavasIyate' iti kRtvA / taduktam - [ ] atadrUpaparAvRttavastumAtraprasAdhanAt / sAmAnyaviSayaM proktaM liMgaM bhedA'pratiSThiteH // tena sAhacaryamapi liGgazabdayoH svalakSaNenaiva kathyate / na cApyadarzanamAtreNAsmAbhirvipakSe liGgasyAbhAvo'vasIyate, kiM tarhi ? anupalambhavizeSAdeva / ___ yajcoktam 'zAbaleya....' (pR. 52 paM0 4) ityAdi tatredaM bhavAn vaktumarhati - "zAbaleyAd bAhuleyAzcayostulye'pi bhede kimiti turaGgamaparihAreNa gotvaM zAbaleyAdau varttate nAve ?" iti / syAdetat - "kimatra vaktavyam, gotvasyAbhivyaktau zAbaleyAdireva samartho nAzvAdiH, atastatraiva tad vartate nAnyatra / na cAyaM paryanuyogo yuktaH 'kasmAt tasyAbhivyaktau zAbaleyAdireva samarthaH ?' yato vastusvabhAvapratiniyamo'yam; na hi vastUnAM svabhAvAH paryanuyogamarhanti teSAM svahetuparamparAkRtatvAt svabhAvabhedapratiniyamasya" iti / prazna: jaba Apa anumAna meM anvaya kI upapatti bhI svalakSaNa se hI karate haiM taba 'anumAna sAmAnyalakSaNa(sAmAnya dharma) viSayaka hotA hai aisA kyoM Apa kahate haiM ? uttara : vizeSarUpa se jisa kI vivakSA na kI jAya vaisA vahI svalakSaNa hI sAmAnyalakSaNa hai jo anumAna kA viSaya hotA hai / (sAmAnya dharma ko usa kA viSaya nahIM mAnate ) / sAmAnya kA matalaba hai bheda kA yAnI vizeSarUpa kA aparAmarza / isa prakAra 'bheda kA jisa meM parAmarza na ho isa DhaMga se jo lakSita - adhyavasita ho' isa vyutpatti se hama svalakSaNa ko hI sAmAnya lakSaNa kahate haiM / jaise ki kahA hai - "atadrUpa se vyAvRtta vastumAtra (svalakSaNa) ko siddha karanevAlA liMga sAmAnyaviSayaka kahA gayA hai kyoMki vaha bheda vizeSa ko sparza bhI nahIM karatA / " liMga aura zabda kA apane pratipAdya ke sAtha jo sAhacarya dikhAyA jAtA hai vaha bhI avivakSita bhedavAle dhUma aura agni svalakSaNa ke dvArA hI dikhAyA jAtA hai| hama kevala vipakSa meM na dekhane mAtra se hI liMga ke abhAva kA yAnI vipakSavyAvRtti kA nizcaya nahIM kara lete haiM kintu anupalambha vizeSa se usa kA nizcaya karate haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise svalakSaNa ke sAhacarya darzana se anvaya kA nirNaya karate haiM usI taraha vyAvRttimukha svalakSaNAtmaka liMga ke anupalambha se hI hama vyatireka (vipakSAvRttitva) kA nizcaya karate haiM / gotva azva meM kyoM nahIM hotA?* yaha jo kahA thA (52-15)- "zAbaleyabheda to bAhuleya aura azva donoM meM samAna hI hai / jaba gotva sAmAnya nahIM mAnate to bAhuleya aura azva donoM meM se kisa meM ago'poha mAneMge ?" isa ke uttara meM hama bhI Apa se pUchate haiM ki jaba zAbaleya kA bheda bAhuleya aura azva donoM meM samAna hai taba gotvasAmAnya azva ko choDa kara zAbaleya yA bAhuleya meM hI kyoM rahatA hai, azvameM kyoM nahIM rahatA ? sAmAnyavAdI : "are ! isa meM kyA pUchane kA ? gotva kI abhivyakti karane meM zAbaleya-bAhaleya piNDa hI samartha hotA hai, azvAdi nahIM / yahI kAraNa hai ki gotva zAbaleyAdi meM hI rahatA hai, azvAdi meM nahIM, kyoMki yaha to vastu kA svAbhAvika niyama hai / vastu kA svabhAva aisA kyoM ? aisA prazna ucita nahIM ginA jAtA

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam - nanvevaM yathA zAbaleyAdireva gotvAbhivyaktau samarthastathA satyapi bhede sAmAnyamantareNApi tulyapratyavamarzotpAdane zAbaleyAdireva zakto na turaGgama ityasmatpakSo na virudhyata eva / tena - tAdRk pratyavamarzazca vidyate yatra vastuni / tatrAbhAve'pi gojAteragopohaH pravarttate // [ tattvasaMgraha kA 1059 ] yaccoktam 'indriyaiH'....( pR0 52 paM0 8) ityAdi, tadasiddham, tathAhi - svalakSaNAtmA tAvadapoha indriyairavagamyata eva / yazcArthapratibimbAtmA'pohaH sa paramArthato buddhisvabhAvatvAt svasaMvedanapratyakSa siddhaH / prasahyAtmA'pi sAmarthyAt pratIyata eva 'na tadAtmA parAtmA' iti ( pR0 79 paM0 1) nyAyAt, ataH svalakSaNAdirUpamapohaM dRSTvA lokaH zabdaM prayuGkta eva na vastubhUtaM sAmAnyam, tasyA'sattvAd apratibhAsanAcca / yadeva ca dRSTvA lokena zabdaH prayujyate tenaiva tasya sambandho'vagamyate nAnyena, atiprasaGgAt / yacca 'agozabdAbhidheyatvaM gamyatAM ca kathaM punaH ' ( pR0 53 paM0 4 ) iti atra" tAdRk pratyavamarzazca yatra naivAsti vastuni / agozabdAbhidheyatvaM vispaSTaM tatra gamyate " // (ta.saM. 1062) kyoMki svabhAvavizeSa kA niyama apane hetuoM kI paramparA se vaisA hotA hai| jaise ki agni ke hetu avayava uSNa hote haiM to usa kA kArya agni bhI uSNa hotA hai 44 92 apohavAdI : are taba to hamAre pakSa meM bhI koI virodha nahIM hai / jaise Apa ke mata meM zAbaleyAdi hI svabhAvataH gotva kI abhivyakti meM samartha mAne jAte haiM vaise hamAre mata meM bAhuleya aura azva donoM meM samAnarUpa se zAbaleyabheda rahane para bhI aura sAmAnya ko na mAnate huye bhI samAna (eka) pratyavamarza ( samAnavikalpa) ke utpAdana meM zAbaleya-bAhuleyAdi hI svabhAvataH samartha hote haiM, azvAdi nahIM / isaliye kahA hai ki " tathAvidha (samAna) pratyavamarza jina jina vastuoM meM paidA hotA hai una meM gotva jAti na mAnane para bhI agoapoha kI pravRtti hotI hai / " indriyAdijanya buddhi meM apoha kA bhAna pahale (pR0 52 paM0 26) jo yaha kahA thA ki indriyoM se apoha kA nizcaya hotA nahIM... ityAdi, vaha to jUThA hai, kyoMki hamane jo mukhya gauNa apoha dikhAye haiM una meM se svalakSaNarUpa apoha to indriyoM pratyakSa jJAta hotA hI hai / buddhigata arthapratibimbAtmaka apoha to vAstava meM buddhisvarUpa hI hone se svaprakAzapratyakSa se hI jJAta hotA hai / ( bauddha mata meM jJAna ko svasaMvidita hI mAnA jAtA hai / ) tathA, prasajyapratiSedharUpa apoha ' tadrUpa vastu anyasvarUpa nahIM hai' isa prakAra arthataH jJAta hotA hI hai / isIliye loga svalakSaNAdi svarUpa apoha ko indriyAdi se dekha kara hI zabdaprayoga karate haiM / 'pAramArthika kisI sAmAnya dharma ko dekha kara zabdaprayoga karate haiM aisA nahIM hai kyoMki vaha " sAmAnya asat hai aura buddhi meM bhAsatA bhI nahIM / zabda kA sambandha bhI usI ke sAtha mAnanA cAhiye jisa ko dekha kara loga zabdaprayoga karate ho, anya kisI ke sAtha nahIM mAnanA cAhiye / yadi anya kisI ke sAtha zabdasambandha mAneMge taba to sabhI cIjoM ke liye hara kisI zabda kA prayoga cala paDane para vyavahAralopa kA atiprasaMga ho jAyegA / tathA, yaha jo pahale pUchA thA ( pR0 53-22) azvAdi go zabda kA abhidheya hai aisA kisa pramANa se mAnate haiM ? isa kA uttara yaha hai ki jisa vastu ko dekhane para bhI 'yaha gau hai' aisA vimarza paidA nahIM hotA usa ke bAre meM spaSTa hI bhAna hotA hai ki yaha gozabda kA vAcya nahIM hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 yaccoktam - 'siddhavAgaurapohyeta' ( pR0 54 paM0 6 ) ityAdi, tatra svata eva hi gavAdayo bhAvA bhinnapratyavamarzaM janayanto vibhAgena samyag nizcitAH teSu vyavahArArthaM vyavahartRbhiryatheSTaM zabdaH siddhaH prayujyate / yadi bhinnaM vastu svarUpapratipattyarthamanyapadArthagrahaNamapekSate tadA syAditaretaradoSaH yAvatA'nyagrahaNamantareNaiva bhinnaM vastu saMvedyate, tasmin bhinnAkArapratyavamarzahetutayA vibhAgena 'gauH gauH ' iti ca siddhe yatheSTaM saMketaH kriyata iti kathamitaretarAzrayatvaM bhavet ? [ dRSTavyam pR0 54 paM0 8 madhye ] yaccoktaM nAdhArAdheya.. . ( pR0 54 paM0 10) ityAdi, tatra na hi paramArthataH kazcidapohena viziSTo'rthaH zabdairabhidhIyate / ( tenaiva ) yataH pratipAditametat- 'yathA na kiJcidapi zabdairvastu saMspRzyate, kvacidapi samayAbhAvAt' iti / tathAhi - zAbdI buddhirabAhyArthaviSayA'pi satI svAkAraM bAhyArthatayAdhyavasantI jAyate, na paramArthato vastusvabhAvaM spRzati yathAtattvamanadhyavasAyAt / yadyevam kathamAcAryek 'nIlotpalAdizabdA arthAntaranivRttiviziSTAnarthAnAhuH " [ ] iti ( pR0 54 - 9 ) arthAntaranivRttyAha viziSTAniti yatpunaH / proktaM lakSaNakAreNa tatrArtho'yaM vivakSitaH // anyAnyatvena ye bhAvA hetunA karaNena vA / viziSTA bhinnajAtIyairasaMkIrNA vinizcitAH // -- - yaha jo kahA thA ( pR0 54-24) - 'agau' vyakti siddha hone para usake apoha se go kA bhAna zakya hogA aura 'agau' to goniSedharUpa hone se go kA bhAna hone para 'ago' kA bhAna hogA - yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai" isake pratikAra meM bauddha kahatA hai ki go kA bhAna ago ke apoha se hotA hai aisA nahIM hai, go Adi padArtha to apane Apa hI svaviSayaka svatantra buddhi ko utpanna karate hue eka dUsare se vibhaktarUpa se acchI taraha jJAta hote haiN| jJAta hone ke bAda vyavahArI loga una ke vyavahAra ke liye icchA ke anusAra prasiddha zabdaprayoga karate haiM / dekhiye - eka vastu ke apane svarUpa ke bodha ke liye agara anya vastu ke bodha kI apekSA rahe to jarUra anyonyAzraya doSa laga sakatA hai ! kintu yahA~ to anyavastubodha ke vinA hI eka bhinna vastu kA saMvedana hotA hai / saMvedana hone para usa bhinAkAra vimarza ke heturUpa meM svataMtrarUpa se gau hI gaurUpa jaba siddha hotI hai taba usa meM koI bhI saMketa icchAnusAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa meM anyonyAzraya kA gandha bhI kahA~ hai ? Jain Educationa International - 93 zabda se apohaviziSTa artha kA abhidhAna kaise ? yaha jo kahA thA abhAvAtmaka hone se abhAva meM AdhArAdheyabhAvAdi sambandha sambhava nahIM hai aura vizeSaNa - vizeSyabhAva bhI saMbhava nahIM hai... ityAdi.... ( pR0 55 - 13) isa ke sAmane yaha bAta hai ki paramArthataH dekhA jAya to zabdoM ke dvArA koI apoha se viziSTa artha kA pratipAdana hotA hI nahIM hai / kAraNa, hama batA cuke haiM ki zabda kisI bhI artha ko sparza taka nahIM karatA kyoMki kisI bhI artha meM zabda kA saMketa hI asambhava hai / dekhiye zabdajanya buddhi bAhyaartha viSayaka na hone para bhI apane hI AkAra kA bAhyArtha ke rUpa meM adhyAsa karAtI huI utpanna hotI hai, paramArthataH vaha vastusvabhAva ko sparza hI nahIM karatI, kyoMki tattva yAnI vastusvabhAva jaisA hotA hai vaise svabhAva meM usa kA bhAna vaha zabdajanya buddhi karatI nahIM hai / prazna : jaba zabda se viziSTa artha kA pratipAdana sambhava nahIM hai taba AcArya ne kyoM aisA kahA hai ki - 'nIlotpala' Adi zabda arthAntara- yAnI anIlAdi vyAvRtti viziSTa utpalAdi artha kA kathana karatA hai ?' For Personal and Private Use Only

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94 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vRkSAdInAha tAn dhvAnastadbhAvAdhyavasAyinaH / jJAnasyotpAdanAdetajjAtyAdeH pratiSedhanam // buddhau ye'rthA vivarttante tAnAha jananAdayam / nivRttyA ca viziSTatvamuktameSAmanantaram // [tattva0 saM0 kA0 1067 taH 1070] asya tAtparyArthaH - dvividho hyarthaH - bAhyo buddhayArUDhazca / tatra bAhyasya na paramArthato'bhidhAnaM zabdaiH, kevalaM tadadhyavasAyivikalpotpAdanAdupacArAduktam 'zabdo'rthAnAha' iti / upacArasya prayojanaM jAtyabhidhAnanirAkaraNamiti / avayavArthastu 'anyAnyatvena' iti anyasmAdanyatvaM vyAvRttiH tenAnyAnyatvena hetunA karaNena vA ye vRkSAdayo bhAvA viziSTA nizcitA anyato vyAvRttyA nizcitA iti yAvat / etena 'antiranivRttiviziSTAn' ityatra pade 'nivRttA' (? nivRttyA) iti tRtIyArtho vyAkhyAtaH / 'dhvAnaH' iti zabdaH / yastu buddhayArUDho'rthastasya mukhyata eva' zabdarabhidhAnam / 'ayam' iti dhvAnaH / arthAntaranivRttiviziSTatvaM kathameSAM yojanIyamityAzakya 'nivRttyA viziSTatvamuktameSAmanantaram' ityuktam / eSAmapi buddhisamArUDhAnAmarthAnAmanyato vyAvRttatayA pratibhAsanAdityabhiprAyaH / / nanu yadi na kazcideva vastvaMzaH zabdena pratipAdyate tat kathamuktamAcAryeNa - "arthAntaranivRttyA uttara : 'lakSaNakArane jo yaha kahA hai ki zabda arthAntaranivRtti viziSTa artha kA pratipAdana karatA hai - usa kA matalaba yaha hai - artha ke do prakAra haiM (1) bAhya (2) aura dUsarA buddhi-ArUDha / zabda se paramArthataH bAhyArtha kA abhidhAna nahIM hotA, sirpha bAhyArthaadhyavasAyI vikalpa ko vaha utpanna karatA hai isaliye upacAra se yaha kahA gayA hai ki zabda artha kA nirUpaNa karatA hai / 'upacAra se' aisA kahane se vAstava meM jAti ke nirUpaNa kA niSedha phalita ho jAtA hai| anyAnyatvena..ityAdi zloka ke avayavoM kA artha yaha hai ki anya se anyatva yAnI anyavyAvRtti / heturUpa yA kAraNabhUta isa anyavyAvRtti se viziSTa jina vRkSAdi arthoM kA bhinnajAtIya vastu se sarvathA pRthakUpa meM nizcaya (kisI bhI taraha pahale) kara liyA gayA hai unhIM vRkSAdi kA zabda se nirUpaNa hotA hai kyoMki zabda usI bhAva ke adhyavasAyI jJAna ko utpanna karatA hai / isa zlokAvayava se yaha artha spaSTa hotA hai jo 'arthAntaranivRttiviziSTAnarthAn' isa AcAryavacana meM nivRtti-pada kI lupta tRtIyA vibhakti se pratipAdita hai / zloka meM 'dhvAna' zabda kA artha hai 'zabda' / jo artha buddhi-ArUDha hai usa kA to mukhya se hI (na ki upacAra se) zabda dvArA nirUpaNa hotA hai / zloka meM 'ayam' zabda se 'dhvAna' kA parAmarza samajhanA / aba yaha zaMkA ho ki yahA~ arthAntaranivRttivaiziSTya' kA yojana (jo ki pahale AzaMkita thA) vaha kaise phalita huA ? to isa kA uttara dene ke liye 'nivRttyA viziSTatvamuktameSAmanantaram' yaha zlokA kahA hai / usa kA yaha tAtparya hai ki buddhisamArUDha arthoM kA anyavyAvRttarUpa se spaSTa hI pratibhAsa zabdoM se hotA hai| sArAMza, zabda bAhyArthoM kA anyavyAvRttiviziSTa rUpa se pratipAdana karatA hai- yaha upacAra se kahA jAtA hai / aura vAstava meM zabda anyavyAvRttiviziSTa buddhisamArUDha arthoM kA hI nirUpaNa karatA hai / yahA~ vyAvRttirUpa apoha abhAvAtmaka nahIM kintu buddhiArUDha arthasvarUpa hone se koI doSa nahIM hai / zabda dvArA vastu-aMza kA avabodha kaise ?* prazna : jaba Apa kahate haiM - zabda koI bhI bAhya vastu aMza kA nirUpaNa nahIM karatA to phira AcArya

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 kazcideva vastuno bhAgo gamyate" [ ] iti / arthAntaraparAvRttadarzanadvArAyAtatvAt buddhiprativimbakamarthAntaraparAvRte vastuni bhrAntaistAdAtmyenA''ropitatvAccopacArAd 'vastuno bhAga' iti vyapadiSTam / nanu cArthAntaranivRttirbAhyavastugato dharmaH, sA kathaM pratibimbAdhigame hetubhAvaM karaNabhAva vA pratipadyate yena 'nivRttA' (? nivRttyA) iti ucyate ? iti- ucyate, yadi hi vijAtIyAd vyAvRttaM vastu na syAd tadA na tatpratibimbakaM vijAtIyaparAvRttavastvAtmanA'dhyavasIyeta / tasmAdarthAntaraparAvRtterhetubhAvaH karaNabhAvazca yujyata eva / 'na cAnyarUpamanyAdRk kuryAd jJAnaM vizeSaNam' (pR. 57 paM0 5) ityAdAvapi yadi hyanyavyAvRttirabhAvarUpA vastuno vizeSaNatvenAbhipretA syAd tade(dai)tat sarvaM dUSaNamupapadyate, yAvatA vastusvarUpaivAnyavyAvRttirvizeSaNatvenopAdIyate tena vizeSaNAnurUpaiva vizeSye buddhirbhavatyeva / tathAhi- agonivRttioM gaurabhidhIyate so'zvAdibhyo yadanyatvaM tatsvabhAvaiva nAnyA, tatazca yadyapyasau vyatirekeNAgonivRttiH 'gauH' ityabhidhIyate bhedAntarapratikSepeNa tanmAtrajijJAsAyAm tathApi paramArthato gorAtmagataiva sA yathA'nyatvam / na hyanya(tvaM) nAmAnyasmAd vastuno'nyat api tu tadeva, anyathA tadvastu tato'nyanna siddhayet / tasmAt vizeSaNabhAve'pyanyavyAvRttevizeSye vastudhIrbhavatyeva / ne kyoM aisA kahA hai ki - 'arthAntaravyAvRtti se kucha hI vastu-aMza avagata hotA hai ?' uttara : zabda se jo arthapratibimba utpanna aura avagata hotA hai usI ko dRSTisamakSa rakha kara vaha kahA gayA hai, kyoMki buddhigata pratibimba kA arthAntaravyAvRttavastudarzana ke bala se hI udbhava hotA hai aura bhrAnta logoM ke dvArA arthAntaravyAvRtta vastu meM usa ke pratibimba kA abheda Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, isIliye usa pratibimba ko upacArata: 'vastu kA bhAga' kahA gayA hai / prazna : Apa jo kahanA cAhate haiM ki - upacArata: arthAntaranivRtti se kucha vastubhAga avagata hotA hai - yahA~ arthAntaranivRtti jo ki bAhyavastu kA dharma hai, vaha pratibimba ke avagama meM hetu yA kAraNa kaise bana sakatI hai jisa se ki Apa 'arthAntaranivRtti se' aisA tRtIyA vibhakti kA prayoga karate haiM ? uttara : 'vastu yadi vijAtIyoM se vyAvRtta na hotI to usa kA pratibimba vijAtIyavyAvRttasvarUpa se adhyavasita hotA hai vaha nahIM ho sakatA thaa| 'isa tarka ke AdhAra para pratibimba ke vyAvRttavasturUpa se honevAle adhyavasAya meM vastudharmabhUta arthAntaravyAvRtti bhI heturUpa yA kAraNarUpa mAnI jA sakatI hai / vastusvarUpa anyavyAvRtti kI vizeSaNatA* pahale jo yaha kahA thA (pR0 57-21) ki "abhAvAtmaka vizeSaNa bhAvAkArAvagAhi jJAna ko utpanna nahIM kara sakatA''.....ityAdi.... isa ke sAmane yaha kahanA hai ki yadi hama abhAvAtmaka anyavyAvRtti ko vastu kA vizeSaNa mAnate taba sabhI dUSaNa sAvakAza the; kintu hama to vasturUpa anyavyAvRtti ko hI vizeSaNa banAte haiM, ata: 'vizeSaNa ke anurUpa hI vizeSyabuddhi hotI hai' yaha niyama bhI surakSita rahatA hai / dekhiye - gopiNDa meM agonivRtti batAyI jAtI hai vaha goniSTha azvAdibhedasvabhAva hI hai / isa liye, hAlA~ ki yahA~ anya vizeSa (azvAdi) ke niSedhamAtra kI jijJAsA rahane para go meM agonivRtti abhAvarUpa se nirUpita kI jAtI hai, phira bhI vaha paramArtha se to gau kA AtmasvarUpa hI hai jaise ki azvAdianyatva gau kA AtmasvabhAvarUpa hotA hai| *. 'ryA gorabhidhIyate sA' iti tattvasaMgrahe paMjikAyAM pR. 334 paM0 15 /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam _atha vyatiriktameva vizeSaNaM loke prasiddham yathA daNDaH puruSasya, vyAvRttizcAvyatiriktA vastunaH tat kathamasau tasya vizeSaNam ? asadetat, na hi paramArthena kiJcit kasyacid vizeSaNam anupakArakasya vizeSaNatvA'yogAt, upakArakatve cAGgIkriyamANe kAryakAle kAraNasyAnavasthAnAd ayugapatkAlabhAvinovizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo'nupapannaH, yugapatkAlabhAvitve'pi tadAnIM sarvAtmanA pariniSpatterna parasparamupakAro'stIti na yukto vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva iti sarvabhAvAnAM svasvabhAvavyavasthiterayaHzalAkAkalpavAt kalpanayAmISAM mizrIkaraNam / ataH paramArthato yadyapi vyAvRtti-tadvatorabhedastathApi kalpanAracitaM bhedamAzritya vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo'pi bhaviSyati / yaccoktam - 'yadA vA'zabdavAcyatvAna vyaktInAmapohatA' (58-10) ityAdi' tatra 'vyaktInAmavAcyatvAt' (58-10) ityasiddham / tathAhi - yad vyaktInAmavAcyatvamasmAbhirvarNitaM tat paramArthacintAyAm na punaH saMvRtyApi, tayA tu vyaktInAmeva vAcyatvamavicAritaramaNIyatayA prasiddhamiti kathaM nAsiddho hetuH ? atha pAramArthikamavAcyatvaM hetutvenopAdIyate tadA'pohyatvamapi paramArthato vyaktInAM neSTamiti siddhasAdhyatA / / 'anyatva' yaha anya vastu se bhinna nahIM hotA, yadi usa ko bhinna mAneMge to eka ghaTAdi vastu anya paTAdi se bhinna siddha na ho sakegI kyoMki ghaTAdigata paTAdi se bheda to ghaTAdisvabhAva na ho kara usa se anya mAnanA hai ! niSkarSa, anyavyAvRttirUpa vizeSaNa hone para bhI vizeSya ke liye vastutattvAvagAhi buddhi ho sakatI hai, kyoMki anyavyAvRtti tadvastusvarUpa hI hotI hai| prazna : loka meM vizeSaNa to vizeSya se bhinna hI hone kA prasiddha hai / udA0 daNDarUpa vizeSaNa puruSAtmaka vizeSya se bhinna hotA hai / anyavyAvRtti vizeSyavastu se jaba abhinna hai to vaha usa kA vizeSaNa kaise bana sakegI ? uttara : Apa kA prazna hI galata hai / vAstavika rUpa se dekhA jAya to koI kisI kA vizeSaNa hI nahIM hotA - isa kI upapatti do prakAra se hai - 1. jo kisI vastu kA upakAraka nahIM hotA vaha usa vastu kA vizeSaNa nahIM bana sakatA / 2. vizeSaNa mAnane ke liye usa ko upakAraka mAneMge to vaha kAraNa bana jAne se (kSaNikavAda meM) upakArya vastukSaNa meM nahIM raha sakegA, phalata: vizeSaNa nahIM bana sakatA, kyoMki jo samAnakAlIna nahIM hote una meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ghaTa nahIM sakatA / yadi kAraNa ko kAryasamAnakAlIna mAna kara vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ghaTAnA cAheMge to vaha bhI asambhava hai kyoMki kAryakSaNa meM kArya pUrNarUpa se niSpanna ho cukA hai isaliye usa kSaNa meM kAraNa kA koI upakAra na hone se vaha usa kA vizeSaNa nahIM bana sakegA / matalaba, vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva hI ayukta hai kyoMki pratyeka bhAva apane svabhAva meM avasthita hote hai / hA~, pRthag pRthag lohazalAkAoM kA jaise mizraNa kiyA jAtA hai vaise hI vyavahAra ke liye kalpanA se vizeSaNa aura vizeSya kA mizraNa kiyA jAtA hai / phalitArtha yaha huA ki vyAvRtti aura vyAvRttivAn meM paramArtha se bheda nahIM hotA phira bhI kAlpanika bheda ko lekara unameM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kI kalpanA ho sakatI hai| vyaktioM meM apohyatva kA samarthana yaha jo pahale kahA thA (pR0 58-31) "vyakti zabdavAcya na hone se apohya nahIM ho sakatI taba jAti ko hI apohya mAnanA hogA aura apohya hone se jAti ko vAstavika bhI mAnanA paDegA..' ityAdi - isa

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 yacvoktam - 'tadApohyeta sAmAnyam' (58-11) ityAdi, tatrApi 'apohyavAt' ityasya hetorasiddhatvamanaikAntikatvaM ca vyaktInAmevApohasya pratipAditatvAt / na cApohe'pi vastutA, sAdhyaviparyaye hetodhikapramANAbhAvAt / yadapi 'abhAvAnAmapohyatvaM na' ...(58-12) ityAdi, tatra [ta. saM. 1080-81] "nAbhAvo'pohate hovaM nAbhAvo bhAva ityayam / bhAvastu na tadAtmeti tasyeSTaivamapohyatA // yo nAma na yadAtmA hi sa tasyApohya ucyate / na bhAvo'bhAvarUpazca tadapohe na vastutA // " 'nAbhAvaH' ityevamabhAvo nApohAte yenAbhAvarUpatAyAstyAgaH syAt, kiM tarhi ! bhAvo yaH sa vidhirUpatvAdabhAvarUpavivekenAvasthita iti sAmarthyAdapohyatvaM tasyAbhAvasyeSTatvam(em) tadeva spaSTIkRtam 'yo nAma'..ityAdizlokena / 'tadapohe' iti tasyAbhAvasyaivamapohe sati na vastutA prApnoti / atrobhayapakSaprasiddhodAharaNapradarzanenA'naikAntikatAmeva sphuTayati - prakRtIzAdijanyatvaM na hi vastu prasiddhayati // [ta0 saM0 1082] nAto'sato'pi bhAvatvamiti klezo na kaJcana / [ta0 saM0 1083] ke sAmane yaha kahanA hai ki 'vyakti zabdavAcya nahIM hai' yaha bAta hI jUTha hai / dekhiye - hamane jo vyakti vAcya hone kA kahA hai vaha paramArtha ko socate hue kahA hai| matalaba, vyakti meM pAramArthika zabdavAcyatva nahIM hai, kintu vyakti meM kAlpanika zabdavAcyatva kA hamane niSedha nahIM kiyA hai| bhale vicAra karane para tAttvika na lage phira bhI kalpanA se vyaktioM meM hI atAttvika zabdavAcyatva prasiddha hai| isaliye vyakti meM apohyatva ke abhAva kI siddhi ke liye banAyA gayA 'zabda-avAcyatA' hetu asiddha ThaharA / yadi kaheM ki - "hama 'pAramArthika avAcyatA' ko hetu karate haiM isa liye vaha asiddha nahIM ThaharegA" - to yahA~ siddhasAdhyatA doSa hogA kyoMki vyaktioM meM pAramArthika apohyatA kA abhAva to hameM iSTa hI hai / (kAlpanika apohyatA kA to isa se niSedha nahIM ho jAtA / ) ___ tathA yaha jo kahA ki - 'vyakti apohya na mAna sakane ke kAraNa jAti hI apohya ThaharegI aura usa meM vastutA prasakta hogI' - vahA~ bhI apohyatva hetu asiddha hai yA to sAdhyadrohI hai / vyakti meM kAlpanika apohyatva mAna lene se, jAti meM vastutAsAdhaka apohyatva hetu asiddha banegA / tathA hetu sAdhyadrohI bhI siddha hogA kyoMki 'vastutA na rahe vahA~ apohyatva rahe' aisI sAdhyazUnya meM hetu kI kalpanA karane meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / abhAva meM apohyatva kA upapAdana yaha jo kahA thA - 'abhAvoM meM apohyatA saMbhava nahIM, abhAva kA yadi apoha (niSedha) mAneMge to abhAva kI abhAvarUpatA kA tyAga ho jAyegA' - isa ke sAmane yaha bAta hai ki 'abhAva abhAva nahIM hai| isa DhaMga se hama abhAva kA apoha nahIM dikhalAte haiM jisa se ki abhAva kI abhAvarUpatA kA tyAga prasakta ho ! kintu jaba 'bhAva vidhirUpa hone se abhAvarUpa ke tyAga (niSedha) se avasthita hai| aisA kahA jAtA hai taba 'abhAvarUpa ke tyAga' ina zabdoM se arthata: (bhAva meM) abhAva kA apoha siddha ho hI jAtA hai / yahI bAta 'yo nAma na yadAtmA'... isa zloka se kahI gayI hai / jo jisa svarUpa nahIM hotA vaha usa kA apoha (yAnI bhAva abhAva kA apoharUpa) kahA jAtA hai / 'bhAva abhAvarUpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra 'tadapohe' yAnI abhAva ke apoha karane para apoha meM vastutva prasakta hone kI koI Apatti nahIM hai /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ____ tathAhi - prakRti-Izvara-kAlAdikRtatvaM bhAvAnAM bhavadbhirmImAMsakairapi neSyata eva tasya ca pratiSedhe satyapi yathA na vastutvamApayate tathA apohyatve'pyabhAvasya vastutvApattirna bhaviSyatItyanekAntaH / yaduktam 'tatrAsato'pi vastutvamiti klezo mahAn bhavet' (60-7) iti tadapyanenaivAnaikAntikatvapratipAdanena prativihitamiti darzayati 'nAto asato'pi'........ ityAdinA / _ 'tadasiddhau na sattA'sti na cAsattA prasiddhayati' (tattva. 958) ityatra (60-7) abhAvasya yathoktena prakAreNA'siddhAvapi bhAvasya sattA siddhayatyeva, tasya svasvabhAvavyavasthitatvAt / yA ca bhAvasya yathoktena prakAreNa siddhiH saiva satteti prasiddhayati / etadevoktam - (tattva0 saM0 1078) ___ "agoto vinivRttazca gaurvilakSaNa iSyate / bhAva eva tato nAyaM gauragaumeM prasajyate // 'bhAva eva bhavet' (59-7) ityetad nAniSTApAdanam isstttvaat| tathAhi - agorUpAdazcAdegarbhAivavizeSarUpa eva vilakSaNa iSyate nAbhAvAtmA, tena bhAva eva bhavet, agotazca govailakSaNyasyeSTatvAdagorna gotvaprasaGgaH / etena yaduktam 'abhAvasya ca yo'bhAvaH' (59-7) ityAdi tat prativihitam / yaccoktam 'na hyavastuni ___ abhAva meM apohyatA ko hetu banA kara vastutva siddha karane kA jo prayAsa kiyA gayA hai vahA~ aba ubhayapakSasiddha udAharaNa ko prastuta kara ke 'prakRtIzA0'....zloka se sAdhyadroha dikhAyA jAtA hai - (yaha bAta mImAMsakoM ke sAmane kahI jAtI hai) mImAMsako kI ora se padArthasamUha meM prakRtijanyatva yA Izvarajanyatva yA kAlAdijanyatva nahIM mAnA jAtA kiMtu unakA niSedha (apoha) kiyA jAtA hai, kintu itane mAtra se prakRtijanyatva yA IzvarAdijanyatvarUpa niSedhya meM vastutA to nahIM mAnI jAtI / to isI taraha asatrUpa apoha kA niSedha kiyA jAya itane mAtra se apoha meM bhAvatva kA klezApAdana niravakAza hai| arthAt mImAMsakamata meM prakRtiAdijanyatva meM apohyatA hone para bhI vastutva na hone se ukta anumAna ke hetu meM sAdhyadroha doSa spaSTa hai / mImAMsaka ne jo pahale kahA thA ki 'asat meM bhI vastutvaprasakti kA mahAn kleza hogA' isa kA bhI isa sAdhyadrohanirUpaNa se hI pratikAra ho jAtA hai - yaha bAta 'nAto asato'pi bhAvatvamiti klezo na kazcana' (= asat meM vastutva kI Apatti kA koI kleza nahIM hai) isa zlokArdha se kahI gayI hai| abhAva ke vinA bhI bhAvasiddhi zakya* yaha jo kahA thA ki - "abhAva ke apohya hone se vasturUpa mAna lene para abhAva abhAvarUpa se asiddha ho jAnese bhAva kI sattA bhI siddha na hogI kyoMki bhAvasattA abhAvavyavacchedAvalambI hai / tathA sattA siddha na hone para asattA bhI lupta ho jAyegI kyoMki sattA ke na hone para kisa ke niSedha se asattA siddha ho ?" - yahA~ yaha kahanA hai ki abhAva kI Apa ke kathanAnusAra asiddhi ho jAne para bhI bhAva kI sattA siddha hone meM koI Apatti nahIM hai kyoMki abhAva na hone para bhI bhAva to apane svabhAva meM avasthita raha hI sakatA hai| aura abhAvanirapekSa jo bhAva kI siddhi hai vahI sattA ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai / yahI bAta tattvasaMgraha zlo. 1089 meM kahate haiM "agorUpa abhAva kA nivRttirUpa abhAva pUrva abhAva se vilakSaNa gaurUpa hI mAnA jAtA hai isaliye vaha bhAvarUpa hI hai / ata: gau aura agau samAna bana jAne kA prasaMga nahIM ho sakatA" / matalaba yaha hai ki jo pahale zlo0 953 (ta0 saM0) meM kahA thA ki 'abhAva kA abhAva yadi vilakSaNa hogA to vaha bhAvarUpa hI hogA' yaha kathana hamAre liye iSTApattirUpa hone se aniSTakAraka nahIM hai / dekhiye - agorUpa

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 vAsanA' iti (61-5) tadasiddham anaikAntikaM ca / yataH "avastuviSaye'pyasti cetomAtravinirmitA / vicitrakalpanAbhedaraciteSviva vAsanA // tatazca vAsanAbhedAd bhedaH sadrUpatA'pi vA / prakalpate'pyapohAnAM kalpanAraciteSviva // " (tattva0 saM0 1085-86) 'avastuviSayaM ceto nAsti' iti (61-5) etadasiddham / tathAhi - utpAdyakathAviSayasamudbhUtasvatvAkArasamAropeNa pravarttata eva cetaH, tathA(vA)'nAgatasajAtIyavikalpopapattaye anantaracetasi vAsanAmAdhatte eva / yataH punarapi santAnaparipAkazAt prabodhapratyayamAsAdya tathAvidhameva cetaH samupajAyate, tadvadapohAnAmapi parasparato bhedaH sadrUpatA ca kalpanAvazAd bhaviSyatItyanaikAntikatA / yacca - 'zabdabhedo'pyapohanimitto na yuktaH' (62-8) iti - atra "yAdRzo'rthAntarApohaH = 'prativimbAtmako' vAcyo'yaM pratipAditaH zabdAntaravyapoho'pi tAgeva = 'pratibimbAtmaka' evAvagamyate // " (ta0 saM0 1087) iti vAcakApohapakSe'pi dUSaNaM vistarataH pratipAditamayuktaM dRSTavyam / azvAdi se vilakSaNa gopiNDa bhAvarUpa hI mAnA gayA hai, abhAvarUpa nahIM, isa liye usa kI bhAvarUpatA hI hone do / tathA gopiNDa meM ago kA vailakSaNya bhI mAnate haiM, isaliye ago meM gotvApatti niravakAza hai / isaliye (ta0 saM0 zlo0 953 meM) pahale jo yaha kahA hai ki abhAva kA abhAva yadi bhAva rUpa hogA to.. ityAdi vaha saba nirasta ho jAtA hai| asat kI vAsanA kA sambhava yaha jo kahA thA - "AlambanabhUta vastu asat hone para tadviSayaka vAsanA kA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| - yaha asiddha aura anaikAntika bhI hai, kyoMki - "vicitra kalpanAoM ke bheda se kalpita vastuoM kI taraha avastubhUta artha ke bAre meM cittamAtra se nirmita vAsanA hotI hai / isaliye apohoM meM vAsanAbheda prayukta bheda kI aura sadpatA kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai| jaise ki kalpanA se kalpita vastuoM meM kalpanAprayukta bheda hotA hai|" tAtparya yaha hai ki avastu -(tuccha vastu) sambandhi citta hI nahIM hotA - yaha bAta asiddha hai / dekhiye - utpAdya yAnI bhAvi meM racI jAne vAlI kathA ke viSaya meM mAna lo ki 'sacamuca aisA ho gayA na ho' isa DhaMga se vastu-AkAra kA Aropa karatA huA citta pravRtta hotA hI hai| aura vaha citta apane bhAvi sajAtIya vikalpa ko utpanna karane ke liye agrimacitta meM vAsanA kA bhI AdhAna karatA hai| jisase ki phira se bhI pAramparika paripAka ke prabhAva se udbodhaka nimitta ko prApta kara, vaisA hI citta utpanna ho jAtA hai| ThIka isI prakAra apohoM meM bhI paraspara bheda kalpanA ke prabhAva se ho sakegA, aura unameM sadrUpatA bhI kAlpanika bana sakegI / ata: avastu meM vAsanA nahIM hotI yaha niyama anaikAntika siddha huaa| vAcakApoha pakSa meM dUSaNoM kA nirasana ___ yaha jo kahA thA - zabdabheda bhI agara apohamUlaka mAneMge to vaha yukta nahIM - isa ke sAmane yaha kaheMge ki pratibimbAtmaka arthAntarApoha se jaise vAcya kI upapatti kI gayI hai vaise hI pratibimbAtmaka zabdAntarApoha mAna kara vAcaka kI upapatti ho sakatI hai / isaliye vAcakApoha pakSa meM jo savistara doSAropaNa kiyA gayA hai vaha yuktihIna siddha hotA hai| tathA pahale jo kahA thA - arthApoha evaM zabdApoha donoM avasturUpa hai isaliye una ke bIca gamya-gamaka

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100 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ___'agamyagamakatvaM syAt'...ityatra (63-2) prayoge'pi yadi 'avastutvAt' iti sAmAnyeno- pAdIyate tadA heturasiddhaH, yataH pratibimbAtmanorvAcya-vAcakApohayorbAhyavastutvena bhrAntairavasitatvAt sAMvRtaM vastutvamastyeva / atha pAramArthikamavastutvamAzritya heturabhidhIyate tadA siddhasAdhyatA / nahi paramArthato'smAbhiH kiJcid vAcyaM vAcakaM ceSyate / yata uktam [tattvasaMgrahe] - "na vAcyaM vAcakaM cAsti paramArthena kiJcana / kSaNabhaMgiSu bhAveSu vyApakatvaviyogataH // 1089 // " kSaNikatvena saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvA'bhAvAt svalakSaNasyeti bhAvaH / / syAdetat - nA'smAbhistAttviko vAcyavAcakabhAvo niSidhyate, kiM tarhi ! tAttvikImapohayoravastutAmAzritya sAMvRtameva gamya-gamakatvaM niSidhyate na bhAvikam tena (na) hetorasiddhatA pi (tA, nApi) siddhasAdhyatA pratijJAdoSo bhaviSyati, dvayorapi hi sAMvRtatve tAttvikatve vA''zrIyamANe syAdetadoSadvayamiti / naivam - hetoranaikAntikatAprasakteH, kalpanAraciteSu hi mahAzvetAdiSvartheSu tadvAcakeSu ca zabdeSu paramArthato vastutvAbhAve'pi sAMvRtasya vAcyavAcakabhAvasya darzanAt / syAdetat - tatrApi mahAbhAva nahIM ghaTegA - yahA~ kahanA yaha hai 'avasturUpa hai isaliye' isa hetuprayoga meM pAramArthika yA kAlpanika vizeSaNa ke vinA sAmAnyata: avastutva ko yadi hetu kareMge to vaha asiddha hogA kyoMki pratibimbAtmaka jo vAcyApoha aura vAcakApoha haiM una meM bhrAnta logoM ko bAhyavastutvabuddhi hotI hai isaliye kAlpanika vastutva to unameM siddha hI hai| agara pAramArthika avastutva ko hetu kareMge to siddhasAdhyatA doSa hogA kyoMki paramArtha se na to hama kisI ko vAcya (gamya) mAnate haiM na vAcaka (gamaka) / kahA bhI hai - "paramArtha se to na koI vAcaka hai na koI vAcya, kyoMki kSaNabhaMgura bhAvoM meM ekAdhikakSaNavyApakatva hI nahIM hai|" - tAtparya yaha hai ki svalakSaNa zabda yA artha saMketakAla meM raheMge to vyavahArakAla meM nahIM raheMge, vyavahArakAlameM raheMge to saMketakAla meM nahI hoMge - kyoMki vastumAtra kSaNabhaMgura hai| avastutva hetu se kAlpanika gamyagamakabhAva kA niSedha* sAmAnyavAdI : avastutva hetu se hama vAstavika gamya-gamaka bhAva kA niSedha pradarzita nahIM karate haiN| to ? arthApoha aura zabdApoha rUpa do asad vastu meM tAttvika avastutva ko hetu kara ke kAlpanika bhI gamya-gamaka bhAva kA niSedha karate haiN| bhAvAtmaka artha aura zabda meM usa kA niSedha nahIM karate haiM / ata: hetu asiddha nahIM hai, aura siddhasAdhyatA yaha pratijJAdoSa bhI niravakAza hai / hA~, yadi hama sAdhya (gamyagamakabhAva niSedha) aura hetu donoM ko kAlpanika lete taba to avastubhUta apohayugala meM kAlpanika avastutva na hone se (arthAt kAlpanika vastutva hone se) hetu meM asiddhatA doSa sAvakAza hotA / tathA yadi hama sAdhya aura hetu donoM ko pAramArthika lete taba pAramArthika gamyagamaka bhAva ke niSedha se siddhasAdhyatA doSa hotA / kintu hama to tAttvika avastutva hetu se kAlpanika gamya-gamakabhAva kA niSedha karate haiM to koI doSa nahIM hai| apohavAdI : yaha bAta galata hai kyoMki aise to hetu meM sAdhyadroha doSa prasakta hogA / kAraNa, kAdambarI Adi kAvyoM meM jo vAcyabhUta mahAzvetAdi pAtra haiM ve kAlpanika hone se avastu hI haiM aura ve kAlpanika hone se una ke vAcaka mahAzvetAdi zabda bhI kAlpanika hI hoMge / isa prakAra ina donoM meM avastutva hone para bhI kAlpanika vAcyavAcakabhAva to rahatA hai isaliye avastutva hetu sAdhyAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNa ho gayA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 101 zvetAdiSu sAmAnyaM vAcyaM vAcakaM ca paramArthato'styeva tato na tairvyabhicAraH / asadetat, sAmAnyasya vistareNa nirastatvAt (pra. khaM0 pR. 452) na teSu sAmAnyaM vAcyaM vAcakaM vA mahAzvetAdiSvastIti kathaM nAnaikAntikatA hetoH ? syAdetat yadyapi tatra vastubhUtaM nAsti sAmAnyaM vAcyam, vAcakaM (tu) mahAzvetAdizabdasvalakSaNamastyeva / na, sarvapadArthavyApinaH kSaNabhaMgasya prasAdhitatvAna zabdasvalakSaNasya vAcakatvaM yuktam, kSaNabhaGgitvena tasya saMketA'sambhavAt vyavahArakAlAnanvayAJceti pratipAditatvAt (20-5) / "tasmAttavyameSTavyaM pratibimbAdi sAMvRtam / teSu tadvyabhicAritvaM durnivAramataH sthitam // " [ta0saM01093] ___'dvayam' iti vAcyaM vAcakaM ca, 'pratibimbAdi' iti 'Adi' zabdena nirAkArajJAnAbhyupagame'pi svagataM kizcit pratiniyatamanarthe'rthAdhyavasAyirUpatvaM vijJAnasyAvazyamaGgIkartavyamiti darzayati, 'teSu' iti kalpanoparaciteSvartheSu, 'tad' iti tasmAt tasya vA hetorvyabhicAritvaM tadvayabhicAritvam / sAmAnyavAdI : yahA~ bhI mahAzvetAdi pAtra vyaktirUpa se kAlpanika hone para bhI sAmAnyarUpa se vAcya aura vAcaka donoM vAstavika hai / tAtparya, 'mahAzvetA' Adi zabdasAmAnya mahAzvetAgata strItvAdisAmAnya kA vAcaka bana sakatA hai / isaliye sAdhyadroha nahIM hogaa| apohavAdI : yaha bAta bhI galata hai kyoMki sAmAnya jaisA koI vAstavika artha hai hI nahIM, vistAra se usa kA nirasana prathamakhaMDa meM kiyA jA cukA hai| ata: mahAzvetAdi kalpita pAtroM meM na to koI sAmAnya vAcya hai na to koI zabda sAmAnya usa kA vAcya ho sakatA hai / to phira avastutva hetu kAlpanika gamyagamakabhAvavAle mahAzvetAdi meM rahane se sAdhyadroha kyoM nahIM hogA ? ___sAmAnyavAdI : bhAI dekho, mahAzvetAdi avazya kAlpanika hai isaliye vAcya bhale hI asat ho, kintu vAcakarUpa se abhimata mahAzvetAdi zabda svalakSaNa to pratyakSa hI haiM, sAmAnya ko bhale Apa na mAnie kintu zabdasvalakSaNa meM vAstavika vAcakatva ko kyoM nahIM mAna sakate ? aba vAstavika mahAzvetAdi meM na to kAlpanika vAcakatva hai, na avastutva, to sAdhyadroha kaise hogA ? apohavAdI : are bhAI ! pahale hI hamane sarvapadArthoM meM kSaNikatva kI vyApakatA ko siddha kara diyA hai to kSaNika zabdasvalakSaNa meM vAcakatva kaise ghaTegA ? kSaNikatA ke kAraNa na to usa meM saMketa kA sambhava hai, na to vaha vyavahArakAla taka jIne vAlA hai yaha sabase pahale kahA jA cukA hai| niSkarSa, "una donoM ko pratibimbAdi rUpa mAna kara kAlpanika vAcya aura vAcaka hone kA mAnanA pddegaa| ata: una kAlpanika arthoM meM avastutva hetu karane para usa meM sAdhyadroha rUpa doSa bhI aTala rahegA - yaha siddha hotA hai / " yahA~ jo tattvasaMgraha kA tasmAt tadvaya....zloka hai usameM 'dvaya' zabda kA artha hai vAcya aura vAcaka / 'pratibimbAdi' zabda meM 'Adi' zabda yaha dikhAtA hai ki jJAna ko nirAkAra mAnane ke mata meM bhI arthabhUta jo nahIM hai usa meM 'artha hai' aisA adhyavasAya utpanna karane vAlA, koI niyatarUpa vijJAna meM rahanevAlA avazya mAnanA hogA / 'teSu' zabda kA matalaba hai kalpanA se kalpita arthoM meM, aura 'tadvyabhicAritva' isa samAsa meM 'tad' zabda se yaha kahanA hai ki 'tasmAt hetoH' athavA 'tasya hetoH' arthAt 'usa hetu kA' / tad zabda kA vyabhicAritva ke sAtha SaSThIsamAsa hone se yaha artha kara sakate haiM ki hetu meM sAdhyadroha hogA /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam "vidhirUpazca zabdArtho yena nAbhyupagamyate' (ta0 saM0 1095) (63-10) ityatrApi na hyasmAbhiH sarvathA vidhirUpaH zabdArtho nAbhyupagamyate - yenaitad bhavatA'niSTatvaprasaGgApAdanaM kriyate - kintu zabdA(da)rthAdhyavasAyinazcetasaH samutpAdAt saMvRto vidhirUpaH zabdArtho'bhyupagamyata eva / tattvatastu na kiMcid vAcyamasti zabdAnAmiti vidhirUpastAttviko niSidhyate, tena sAMvRtasya vidhirUpasya zabdArthasyeSTatvAt svArthAbhidhAne vidhirUpe satyanyavyatirekasya sAmarthyAdadhigatevi(vi)dhipUrvako vyatireko yujyata eva / syAdetad - yadi vidhirUpaH zabdArtho'bhyugamyate kathaM tarhi hetumukhe lakSaNakAreNa "asambhavo vidhiH" [hetu.] ityuktam ?- sAmAnyalakSaNAdervAcyasya vAcakasya vA'sambhavAt paramArthataH, zabdAnAM vikalpAnAM ca paramArthato viSayA'sambhavAt paramArthamAzritya vidherasambhava ukta AcAryeNa ityavirodhaH / 'apohamAtravAcyatvam' (64-6) ityAdAvapi ekamevAnIlAnutpalavyAvRttAkAramubhayarUpaM prati- vimbakaM nIlotpalazabdAdudeti nAbhAvamAtram ataH zabalArthA'dhyavasAyitvamadhyavasAyavazAnIlotpalAdizabdAnAmastyeveti tadanurodhAt sAmAnAdhikaraNyamupapadyata eva / * vidhisvarUpa zabdArtha kA svIkAra yaha jo kahA thA - "jo loga vidhirUpa zabdArtha ko nahIM mAnate una ke matameM vyatireka (=vyAvRtti)rUpa zabdArtha bhI nahIM ghaTa sakatA' - isa ke sAmane yaha kahanA hai ki hama sarvathA vidhirUpa zabdArtha nahIM mAnate aisA hai hI nahIM jisa se ki Apa ko aniSTa prasaMgApAdana karane kA avasara mile ! hama to mAnate haiM ki zabda se arthAdhyavasAyi vikalpajJAna kA udaya hotA hai isaliye kAlpanika vidhirUpa zabdArtha hai hI / paramArtha se to zabdoM kA koI vAcya nahIM hai yaha pahale hI kaha diyA hai, ata: tAttvika vidhirUpa zabdArtha kA hI niSedha hama karate haiM / kAlpanika vidhirUpa zabdArtha hameM iSTa hI hai, isIliye zabda ke dvArA kAlpanika vidhirUpa apanA zabdArtha nirUpita ho jAne para anyavyAvRttirUpa artha bhI sAmarthya se jJAta ho sakatA hai, ata: vidhipUrvaka vyAvRtti kA bodha hamAre mata meM saMgata hI hai| prazna : yadi Apa vidhirUpa zabdArtha mAnate haiM to phira hetumukhasaMjJaka prakaraNa meM lakSaNakArane 'vidhi artha asambhava hai' aisA kyoM kahA hai ? uttara : vAstavameM koI sAmAnyAdirUpa vAcya yA vAcaka sambhavita nahIM hai / zabda aura vikalpa kA koI pAramArthika viSaya nahIM hotA hai, isaliye AcAryane hetumukha meM pAramArthika vidhirUpa zabdArtha kA hI niSedha karane ke liye vidhiartha kA asambhava dikhAyA hai / isaliye koI virodha nahIM hai / apohavAda meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya upapatti pahale jo kahA thA - apohamAtra ko zabdavAcya mAneMge to vizeSaNa-vizeSya kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya ghaTegA nahIM...ityAdi yahA~ hama kaheMge ki nIlotpala zabda se sirpha abhAvamAtra kI pratIti nahIM hotI kintu eka aise pratibimba kA udaya hotA hai jo anIla-anutpala ubhaya se vyAvRtta ubhayarUpa arthAkArAtmaka hotA hai aura vahI usa kA pratipAdya artha hai| isaliye nIlotpalAdi zabdoM meM bhI adhyavasAya ke bala se vividha rUpavAle artha kA bhAna karAne kI tAkAta apohapakSa meM hai hI aura aise vividha rUpavAle eka artha kA bhAna karAne se vahA~ nIla aura utpala zabda meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI saMgata hotA hai /

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1 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 yaccoktam - 'athAnyApohavad vastu vAcyamityabhidhIyate' (66-10) iti, tatrApi yadi hi vyAvRttAd bhAvAd vyAvRtti mAnyA bhavet syAt tadA tadvatpakSoditadoSaprasaMgaH yAvatA nAnyato vyAvRttAd bhAvAdanyA vyAvRttirasti api tu vyAvRtta eva bhAvo bhedAntapratikSepeNa tanmAtrajijJAsAyAM tathA'bhidhIyate, tena yathA jAtI prAdhAnyena vAcyAyAM pAratatryeNa tadvato'bhidhAnAt tadgatabhedAnAkSepAt taiH saha sAmAnAdhikaraNyAderabhAvaprasaGga uktaH (67 - 4) tadvadapohapakSe nAvatarati, vyatiriktAnyApohavato'nabhidhAnAt / na hyasmanmate parapakSa iva sAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvaH / tathAhi 'nIlam' ityukte pItAdivyAvR. tapadArthAdhyavasAyi bhramarakokilA'JjanAdiSu saMzayyamAnarUpaM vikalpapratibimbakamudeti, taccotpalazabdena kokilAdibhyo vyavacchidyAnutpalavyAvRttavastuviSaye vyavasthApyamAnaM parinizcitAtmakaM pratIyate, tena parasparaM yathoktabuddhipratibimbakApekSayA vyavacchedyavyavacchedakabhAvAnnIlotpalazabdayorvizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo na viruddhayate, dvAbhyAM vA'nIlAnutpalavyAvRttaikapratibimbAtmakavastupratipAdanAdekArthavRttitayA sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM ca bhvtiiti| parapakSe tu tadvyavasthA durghaTA / tathAhi - vidhizabdArthavAdipakSe nIlAdizabdena nIlAdisvalakSaNe'bhihite yaha jo kahA thA - "yadi anyApoha nahIM kintu anyApohavAlI vastu ko zabdArtha mAneMge to paratatratA ke kAraNa nIlAdi zabda se utpalAdi ke bheda kA nirUpaNa nahIM ho sakegA" - isa ke Upara yaha kahanA hai ki vyAvRtti ko yadi hama vyAvRttabhAva se bhinna mAnate taba anyApohavAlI vastu kI zabdArthatA ke pakSa meM jo doSa kahA hai vaha ucita hotA / kintu, hamAre matameM vyAvRtti vyAvRtta bhAva se bhinna nahIM hotI, anya bhedoM kA pratikSepa kara ke kisI eka zuddha bhAva mAtra kI jijJAsA ho taba vahI bhAva vyAvRtti kahA jAtA hai / hA~, sirpha akelI jAti ko hI zabdArtha mAne to jAtivAcaka zabda se jAtivAn kA sIdhA nirUpaNa na ho kara jAtipAratantryeNa hone se jAtimad padArtha ke bhedoM kA nirUpaNa zakya na hogA ata: una ke sAtha sAmAnAdhikaraNya Adi ke abhAva kA prasaMga jAti-zabdArtha pakSa meM laga sakatA hai| kintu apohapakSa meM usa prasaMgadoSa ko avakAza nahIM hai / kAraNa, apoha se bhinna anyApohavAlI vastu kA abhidhAna hama nahIM mAnate kintu apohAtmaka hI vyAvRttavastu rUpa pratibimba kA abhidhAna mAnate haiM / sAmAnAdhikaraNya svapakSa-parapakSa meM kaise ?* dUsare ke pakSa kI taraha hamAre pakSa meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya na ghaTa sake aisA nahIM hai / dekhiye - 'nIla' zabda suna kara zrotA ko aisA eka vikalpAtmaka pratibimba khaDA hotA hai jo pItazvetAdivyAvRtta padArtha kA nizcAyaka hote hue bhI 'bhramara hogA yA koyala hogI yA kajjala hogA' isa prakAra saMzayArUDha hotA haiM / phira jaba 'kamala' zabda ko sunatA hai to koyalAdi kA vyavaccheda hone se akamala vyAvRtta vastu ke viSaya meM vyavasthita nizcayAtmaka pratibimba pratIta hotA hai / isa DhaMga se paraspara pUrvokta buddhipratibimboM kI apekSA se vyavacchedya-vyavacchedaka bhAva vyakta hone se nIla aura kamala zabdoM meM vizeSya-vizeSaNa bhAva mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hotA / athavA donoM zabda se anIlavyAvRtta aura akamalavyAvRtta eka hI pratibimbAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana mAna lene se ekArthavRttittva ghaTa sakatA hai aura isase sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI ghaTa jAtA hai| anya darzanoM meM aisI vyavasthA durghaTa hai| dekhiye - vidhirUpa zabdArtha mAnane vAloM ke pakSa meM nIlAdizabda se nIla Adi svalakSaNa kA pratipAdana mAnane para usI ke anya vizeSoM ke bAre meM 'kamala hogA yA kajjala

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104 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'kimutpalam Ahosvid aJjanam' ityevamajJAnaM vizeSAntare na prApnoti, sarvAtmanA tasya vastunaH pratipAditatvAt / ekasyaikadaikapratipatrapekSayA jJAtA'jJAtatvavirodhAnna dharmAntare saMzayaviparyAsAvityutpalAdizabdAntaprayogAkAGkSA prayoknurapi na prApnoti - yadarthamutpalAdizabdoccAraNam - tasya nIlazabdenaiva kRtatvAt / athApi syAt tad vastvekadezenAbhihitaM nIlazabdena na sarvAtmanA, tena svabhAvAntarAbhidhAnAyAparaH zabdo'nveSyate / asadetat, na hyekasya vastuno dezAH santi yenaikadezenAbhidhAnaM syAt ekatvAnekatvayoH parasparaparihArasthitalakSaNatvAt, iti yAvantasta ekadezAstAvantyeva bhavatA vastUni pratipAditAnIti naikamane siddhayet / ___ syAdetat - na nIlazabdena dravyamabhidhIyate, kiM tarhi ? nIlAkhyo guNaH tatsamavetA vA nIlatvajAtiH / utpalazabdenApyutpalajAtirevocyate na dravyam / tena bhinnArthAbhidhAnAdutpalAdizabdAntarAkAMkSA yujyata eva / nanvevaM parasparabhinnArthapratipAdakatvena nitarAM nIlotpalazabdayorna sAmAnAdhikaraNyam bakulotpalazabdayorivaikasminnarthe vRttyabhAvAt / atha nIlazabdo yadyapi guNavizeSavacanastathApi taddvAreNa kyA mAluma ?' isa prakAra ajJAna zeSa na raha pAyegA, kyoMki vaha nIla agara kamala ho to usakA usa rUpa se, aura kajjala ho to usa rUpa se yAnI sarvAtmanA vidhirUpa se pratipAdana ho jAyegA / yadi aisA kaheM ki nIlAdizabda se sarvAtmanA nIlasvalakSaNa jJAta nahIM hotA isa liye kamala yA kajjala ke bAre meM ajJAna zeSa raha sakatA hai to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka jJAtA ko eka kAla meM eka hI svalakSaNa meM eka dharma kI jJAtatA aura anyadharma kI ajJAtatA ina do dharmoM kA samAveza viruddha hone se, anya dharma ke bAre meM saMzaya yA bhrama kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahatI / ata: prayoktA ko kamalAdi zabdAntara ke prayoga karane kI kAMkSA bhI hone kA sambhava nahIM hai / kAraNa, jisa ke liye 'kamala' Adi zabda kA prayoga karanA hai vaha to nIlazabda se hI pratipAdita ho cukA hai| yadi kaheM ki - "nIlAdizabda se vastu kA eka aMza meM hI pratipAdana hotA hai na ki sarvAMza meM / ata: anukta anyasvabhAva kA nirUpaNa karane ke liye 'kamala' Adi anya zabda kA prayoga apekSita hotA hai|" - to yaha galata bAta hai, kyoMki vastu ko jaba Apa 'eka' mAneMge taba usa eka vastu ke aneka aMza sambhava nahIM hai jisa se ki yaha mAnA jA sake ki eka aMza kA nirUpaNa hotA hai..ityAdi / kAraNa, ekatva aura anekatva meM eka-dUsare ko choDa kara rahanA' isa DhaMga kA virodha hotA hai, isaliye eka vastumeM aneka aMza kI bAta zakya nahIM hai| agara Apa kahate haiM to isa kA matalaba Apa jitane aMza mAnate haiM utanI vastu kA yAnI aneka vastu kA hI nirUpaNa kara rahe haiM aisA siddha hogA / phalata: eka vastu meM anekatA kI siddhi nahIM hogI / niSkarSa, nIla zabda se pUre svalakSaNarUpa eka vastu kA nirUpaNa ho jAne se 'kamala' zabda nirarthaka Thaharane se sAmAnAdhikaraNya yA vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva gaganapuSpa jaisA ho jAyegA / nIlatva yA nIlavarNa kI vAcyatA para AkSepa sAmAnyavAdI : dravya ko hama nIlazabda kA vAcyArtha nahIM mAnate haiM / 'to kisa ko mAnate haiM ?' nIlavarNAtmaka guNa ko yA nIlatva jAti ko nIlazabdavAcya mAnate haiM / aba to kamalAdibhinna artha kA hI nIlazabda se nirUpaNa hogA, ata: kamalAdi ke nirUpaNa ke liye 'kamala' Adi zabda kI AkAMkSA honA ucita hai| ___ apohavAdI : are, aisA mAneMge to paraspara bhinna arthoM kA hI nirUpaNa karane ke kAraNa 'nIla' aura 'kamala' zabda meM tanika bhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya sambhava nahIM hogA, kyoMki 'bakula' aura 'kamala' zabdoM meM jaise

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105 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 nIlaguNa-tajjAtibhyAM sambaddhaM dravyamapyAha, tathotpalazabdenApi jAtidvAre(Na) tadeva dravyamabhidhIyata iti tayorekArthavRttisambhavAt sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM bhaviSyati na bakulotpalazabdayoriti / asadetat - nIlaguNa-tajjAtisambaddhasya dravyasya nIlazabdena pratipAdanAt sarvAtmanA utpalazrutervaiyarthyaprasaMgAt / syAdetat - yadyapi nIlazabdena guNatajjAtimad dravyamabhidhIyate tathApi nIlazabdasyAnekArthavRttidarzanAt pratipatturutpalArtha(\) nizcitarUpA na buddhirupajAyate kokilAderapi nIlatvAt - ato'rthAntarasaMzayavyavacchedAyotpalazruteH prayogaH sArthaka eva / tadapyasamyak prakRtArthAnabhijJatayAbhidhAnAt / vidhizabdArthapakSe hi sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM na sambhavatItyetadatra prakRtam / yadi cotpalazabdaH saMzayavyavacchedAyaiva vyApriyate na dravyapratipattaye, na tarhi vidhiH zabdArthaH syAt utpalazabdena bhrAntisamAropitAkAravyavacchedamAtrasyaiva pratipAdanAt / parasparaviruddhaM cedamabhidhIyate 'nIlazabdenotpalAdikaM dravyamabhidhIyate atha ca pratipattustatra nizcayo na jAyate' iti / na hi yatra saMzayo jAyate sa zabdArtho yukta atiprasaMgAt, nApi nizcayena viSayIkRte vastuni saMzayo'vakAzaM labhate, nizcayA''ropama- nasorbAdhya-bAdhakabhAvAt / ekArthavRttitva (ekArthavAcakatva) nahIM hai vaise aba to nIla aura kamala zabdoM meM bhI vaha nahIM hai / ____sAmAnyavAdI : yadyapi nIlazabda guNavizeSa kA hI vAcaka hai phira bhI guNanirUpaNa dvArA nIlaguNa aura nIlatva jAti se sambaddha (kamalarUpa) dravya kA bhI paramparayA vAcaka hai / isI taraha 'kamala' zabda bhI kamalatvajAti ke nirUpaNa dvArA kamaladravya kA abhidhAna karatA hai / isa prakAra 'nIla' aura 'kamala' zabda bhitra bhitra arthanirUpaNa ke dvArA paramparayA eka dravya kA nirUpaNa karatA hai isaliye ekArthavRtti ho jAne se una meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya ghaTa sakegA / jaba ki 'bakula' aura 'kamala' zabda paramparayA ekArthavRtti na hone se una meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya na ho to koI cintA nahIM / __ apohavAdI : yaha bAta galata hai / kAraNa jaba nIlazabda se nIlaguNa aura nIlatvajAti ke nirUpaNa dvArA tatsambaddha dravya kA pUrNarUpase pratipAdana ho jAyegA to 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga vyartha tthhregaa| sAmAnyavAdI : 'nIla' zabda se guNa aura jAti ke dvArA yadyapi dravya kA abhidhAna hotA hai, kintu aise 'nIla' zabda aneka artha meM vRtti (=aneka arthoM kA vAcaka) hone kA dikhAI dene se zrotA ko 'kamala' rUpa eka nizcita artha kI buddhi kA janaka ('kamala' zabdaprayoga ke vinA) nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, kamala nIla hotA hai vaise koyala Adi bhI nIla hote haiM / ata: anya koyala Adi artha ke bAre meM saMzaya UThegA / usa ko dUra karane ke liye 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga sArthaka hogaa| apohavAdI : yaha bAta bhI ThIka nahIM / kAraNa, jo kucha Apane kahA vaha prastuta bAta ko samajhe vinA hI kaha diyA hai / prastuta bAta yaha hai ki 'vidhirUpa zabdArthavAdI ke mata meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM ghaTatA hai|' agara Apa sirpha 'vaha nIla dravya kamala hai yA koyala' aise saMzaya ko miTAne ke liye hI kamala-zabda kA prayoga karate haiM, dravya kA pratipAdana karane ke liye nahIM, taba to 'kamala' zabda se vidhirUpa artha pratipAdita nahIM huA kyoMki Apane to sirpha bhrAnti se Aropita koyalAdi AkAra ke vyavaccheda ke liye hI usa kA prayoga kiyA hai / to kyA Apa ke isa kathana meM paraspara virodha nahIM hogA ? ki - eka ora kahate haiM ki 'nIla zabda se kamala dravya kA abhidhAna hotA hai aura dUsarI ora yaha kahate haiM ki 'nIla' zabda se zrotA

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106 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam syAdetat - yadyapi nIlotpalazabdayorekasminnarthe vRttirnAsti tadarthayostu (jAti ?)guNajAtyorekasmin dravye vRttirastItyato'rthadvArakamanayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM bhaviSyati / tadetadayuktam atiprasaMgAt / evaM hi rUpa-rasazabdayorapi sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM syAt tadarthayo rUparasayorekasmin pRthivyAdidravye vRtteH / kiMca, tarhi 'nIlotpalam' ityekArthaviSayA buddhirna prApnoti ekadravyasamavetayorguNa-jAtyobhyAM pRthak pRthagabhidhAnAt / na caikArthaviSayajJAnAnutpAde zabdayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyamastItyalamatiprasaMgena / athApi syAt yadeva nIlaguNa-tajjAtibhyAM sambaddhaM vastu na tadevotpalazabdenocyate, tenotpalazrutiLA na bhaviSyati / nanvevaM bhinnaguNajAtyAzrayadravyapratipAdakatvAnIlotpalazabdayoH kutaH sAmAnAdhikaraNyam ? atha yadyapi dravyaM nIlazabdenocyate utpalazabdenApi tadeva, tathApi nIlazabdo notpalajAtisambandhirUpeNa dravyamabhidhatte, kiM tarhi ! nIlaguNa-tajjAti sambandhirUpeNaiva, tenotpalatvajAtisambandhirUpatvamasyAbhidhAtumutpalazrutiH pravarttamAnA nA(nA)narthikA bhaviSyati / asadetat - na hi nIlaguNa-tajjAtisambandhirUpatvAdanyadevoko 'kamala' kA nizcaya nahIM hotA (saMzaya hotA hai)| Apa yaha sociye ki zabda se jisa artha meM saMzaya utpanna hogA vaha kabhI zabdArtha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki saMzayArUDha artha ko yadi zabdArtha mAneMge to 'azva' zabda se zera kA saMzaya utpanna hone para zera ko bhI azva zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnanA paDegA - yaha atiprasaMga doSa hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki agara nIla zabda se kisI dravya kA nizcaya honA mAneMge to nizcayaviSayIkRta dravya ke bAre meM saMzayotpatti ko avakAza hI nahIM rahegA kyoMki nizcayacitta aura AropAtmaka (saMzayAtmaka) citta ye donoM Apasa meM bAdhya-bAdhaka haiM / arthAt nizcaya bAdhaka hai, Aropa (saMzaya) bAdhya hai / vAcyArthoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya anupayogi yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "nIla aura kamala zabda yadyapi eka artha meM vRtti (yAnI svavAcyatvarUpa sambandha se ekArthavRttitva) nahIM hai phira bhI una ke vAcyArtha kramaza: nIlaguNa aura kamalatva jAti ye donoM eka hI kamaladravya meM rahate haiM, ata: vAcyArtha samAnAdhikaraNa hone se una ke dvArA vAcaka zabdo meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya ho sakatA hai" - to yaha bAta galata hai| kAraNa, rUpa evaM rasa ye do vAcyArtha bhI eka dravya meM rahane vAle haiM ata: una ke dvArA vAcaka rUpa-rasa zabdoM meM bhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya mAnanA paDegA / phalata: nIlakamala kI taraha 'rUpa-rasa' aisA aniSTa karmadhAraya samAsa A paDegA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki nIla evaM kamala zabdoM ke dvArA ekadravya meM samaveta guNa-aura jAti kA pRthak pRthak pratipAdana mAneMge taba 'nIla-kamala' eka sAmAsika zabda se jo ekArthaviSayakaanubhava hotA hai vaha kabhI nahIM hogA / tathA jaba taka ekArthAnubhava nahIM hogA taba taka una zabdoM meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI bhI upapatti nahIM ho sakegI / adhika doSoM kI bAta jAne do / ___'kamala' zabda kI sArthakatA ghaTAne ke liye yadi aisA kaheM ki - "nIlaguNa yA nIlatva jAti se sambaddha jo vastu hai vahI kamalazabda kA vAcya hai aisA hama nahIM mAnate jisa se ki kamalazabda nirarthaka ho jAya ! (kamalazabda se hama kamalatvajAtisambandhi vastu kA pratipAdana mAnate haiM)" - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa 'nIla' zabda kamalazabdavAcya kamalatvajAtimada se bhinna hI nIlagaNa yA nIlatvajAti ke davya kA pratipAdaka hone se yahA~ sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI gandha bhI kahA~ ? yadi kaheM ki - "kamala zabda se usI dravya

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 tpalatvajAtisambandhirUpatvaM yena nIla-tajjAtisambandhirUpatvAbhidhAne dravyasyotpalatvajAtisambandhirUpatvAbhidhAnaM (na) bhavet, ekasmAd dravyAd dvayorapi sambandhirUpatvayoravyatirekAt tayorapyekatvamevetyayuktamekarUpAbhidhAne'pararUpasyAnabhidhAnam / bhavatu votpalatvasambandhirUpatvaM nIlatajjAtisambandhirUpatvAdanyat tathApyutpalazrutiranarthikaiva / tathAhi - yat tad anaMzaM vastu utpalajAtyA sambaddhaM tadeva nIlaguNa-tajjAtibhyAM sambaddhayate, taccAnaMzatvAt sarvAtmanA nIlazrutyaivAbhihitam kimaparamanabhihitamasya svarUpamasti yadabhidhAnAyotpalazrutiH sArthikA bhavet ?! uddayotakarastvAha - 'niraMzaM vastu sarvAtmanA viSayIkRtaM nAMzena' ityevaM vikalpo nAvatarati, sarvazabdasyAnekArthaviSayatyAt ekazabdasya cAvayavavRttitvAt - iti / __ asadetat vAkyArthA'parijJAnata evamabhidhAnAt / tathAhi - 'prathamenaiva nIlazabdena sarvAtmanA tat prakAzitam' ityasyAyamartho vivakSitaH - yAdRzaM tad vastu tAdRzamevAbhihitam na tasya kazcit svabhAvastyaktaH yadabhidhAnAyotpalazrutirvyApriyate niraMzatvAt tasya / iti vAkchalametat - 'kRtsnaikadezavikA pratipAdana hotA hai jisa kA nIla zabda se pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai, tathApi (kamalazabda nirarthaka nahIM hai, kyoMki) nIlazabda kamalatvajAti ke AzrayarUpa meM dravya kA nirUpaNa nahIM karatA, kintu nIlaguNa yA nIlatva jAti ke Azraya rUpa meM dravyanirUpaNa karatA hai, ata eva kamalatvajAti ke AzrayarUpa meM dravyanirUpaNa karane ke liye 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga nirarthaka nahIM hogaa|" - to yaha bAta bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, nIlaguNa yA nIlatva jAti kI sambandhirUpatA aura kamalatvajAtisambandhirUpatA ina donoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai jisa se ki nIla zabda se nIla guNa yA nIlatvajAti kI AzrayarUpatA kA pratipAdana hone para kamalatvajAti kI AzrayarUpatA kA pratipAdana zeSa bace / eka dravya meM rahI huI do AzrayarUpatA usa dravya se bhinna yA pRthak na hone se paraspara bhI una donoM AzrayarUpatA meM bheda honA asambhava hai / ata: eka ke pratipAdana meM dUsare kA pratipAdana ho hI jAtA hai, zeSa nahIM rahatA / athavA mAna liyA ki kamalatvajAtisambandhirUpatA aura nIlaguNa yA nIlatvajAti kI sambandhirUpatA eka nahIM hai bhinna hai, to bhI 'kamala' zabdaprayoga nirarthaka hI hai / dekhiye - eka hI niraMza vastu jo kamalatva jAti se sambaddha hai vahI nIlaguNa yA nIlatva jAti se sambaddha hai| matalaba, bhinna bhinna jAti se sambaddha hone para bhI vastu to eka aura niraMza hI hai| niraMza vastu kA AMzika pratipAdana asambhava hai isaliye nIlazabda se jisa vastu kA pratipAdana hogA vaha sampUrNarUpa se hI hogA, kisI eka aMza se nahIM kyoMki pratipAdya vastu niraMza hai| jaba nIlazabda se samparNatayA usa vasta kA nirUpaNa ho gayA to aba kauna sA svarUpa zeSa bacA (akathita rahA) jisa ke nirUpaNa ke liye 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga sArthaka kahA jA sake ? ! uddyotakara ke pratyuttara kA nirasana ___ uddyotakarane jo yaha kahA hai ki - "niraMza vastu ke bAre meM 'vaha aMzarUpa se nahIM kintu saMpUrNarUpase viSaya. banatI hai' aise kisI vikalpa ko avakAza nahIM hai / kAraNa, 'sarva' zabda vastu ke aneka arthoM (= avayavoM) kA vAcaka hotA hai aura eka zabda vastu ke eka avayava kA vAcaka hotA hai, niraMza vastu niravayava hotI hai isaliye usa ke bAre meM 'eka aMza se yA sarvAMza se viSaya banatI hai| aise vikalpa ko sthAna hI nahIM hai|" uddyotakara kI yaha bAta galata hai / vAkyArtha ko samajhe binA hI yaha kaha diyA hai / dekhiye - prathama

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108 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kalpAnupapattistatra' iti / evamanyeSAmapyanityAdizabdAnAM prayogo'narthakaH prayoge vA paryAyatvameva syAt taru-pAdapAdizabdavat / uktaM ca - "anyathaikena zabdena vyApta ekatra vastuni / buddhayA vA nAnyaviSaya iti paryAyatA bhavet // " (draSTavyam pra0 vA. 3-51) iti / atha 'bhavatpakSe'pyekena zabdenAbhihite vastuni bhedAntare saMzaya-viparyAsAbhAvaprasaMgaH zabdAntaraNavRttiprasaMgaca kasmAna bhavati ?'- saMvRtyA zabdArthAbhyupagamAnAsmAkamayaM doSaH / tathAhi - nIlazabdenAnIlapadArthavyAvRttamutpalAdiSpaplavamAnarUpatayA teSAmapratikSepakamadhyavasitabAhyarUpaM vikalpapratibimbakamupajAyate punarutpalazrutyA tadevAnutpalavyAvRttamAropitavAkivastusvarUpamupajanyate, tadevaM krameNAnIlAnutpalavyAvRttamadhyavasitabAhIkarUpaM bhrAntaM vikalpaprativimbakamupajanyata iti tadanurodhAt sAMvRtaM sAmAnAdhinIlazabda se vastu kA sampUrNarUpa se prakAzana ho gayA' hamAre isa vAkya kA vivakSita artha yaha hai ki nIla zabda se vastu jaisI hai vaisA hI usa kA pratipAdana ho gayA / koI aisA svabhAva usa vastu kA nahIM raha jAtA jo nIla zabda se anukta raha gayA ho aura usake liye 'kamala' zabdaprayoga kI AvazyakatA khaDI rahe / kAraNa, vastu niraMza hotI hai, isaliye eka nIlAdi zabda se usa kA pUrA pratipAdana ho sakatA hai adhUrA nahIM / ata: uddyotakara Adi naiyAyika jo yaha bolate haiM ki 'niraMza vastu meM sarva yA ekadeza ke vikalpa saMgata nahIM hai', yaha sirpha vAkchala ke alAvA aura kucha nahIM hai cUMki sarva zabda se hama kyA kahanA cAhate haiM vaha pahale samajhanA caahiye| tathA, kamalazabda kA prayoga jaise naiyAyika mata meM nirarthaka ThaharA vaise 'ghaTa anitya' ityAdi vAkyoM meM anityAdizabdoM kA prayoga bhI sArthaka siddha honA kaThina hai / phira bhI yadi karate haiM to vahA~ paryAyatA hI prasakta hotI hai jaise vRkSa zabda ke bAda 'taru' zabda kA prayoga kare to vaha paryAyavAcI se atirikta kucha nahIM hai| pramANavArtikakAra ne bhI yahI kahA hai - ____ "eka zabda yA buddhi sarvarUpa se yadi kisI eka vastu ko viSaya karegA to vaha sarvarUpa se jJAta ho jAne ke kAraNa aura koI viSaya zeSa na rahane se dUsare zabda kA prayoga (nirarthaka ho jAyegA yA) sirpha paryAyatAdarzaka hI rhegaa|" apohavAda meM sAMvRta sAmAnAdhikaraNya yadi hamAre sAmane koI aisA kaheM ki - "bauddhamata meM bhI apohavAda meM nIlAdi eka zabda se sampUrNa vastu kA nirUpaNa ho jAne para kamalAdi anya svarUpa ke bAre meM na to saMzaya hogA, na bhrama ho sakatA hai| phalata: 'kamala' Adi zabdoM kI nirarthakatA (pravRtti abhAva) kA prasaMga Apa ke mata meM kyoM nahIM hogA ?" - to isa kA uttara yaha hai ki apohavAda meM kAlpanika zabdArtha mAnA gayA hai isaliye uparokta doSa niravakAza hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki - hamAre matAnusAra, 'nIla' zabda se bAhyarUpa se adhyavasita vikalpAtmaka pratibimba paidA hotA hai jo anIla se vyAvRtta hotA hai kintu kamalAdi ke bAre meM anizcayAtmaka hone se una kA vyAvarttaka nahIM hotA / ata: jaba 'kamala' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai taba 'akamala' vyAvRtti pratibimba paidA hotA hai jisa meM bAhya vastusvarUpa Aropita rahatA hai / isa prakAra kramaza: anIlavyAvRtta aura akamalavyAvRtta vikalpapratibimba paidA hote haiM jina meM bAhyarUpatA Aropita hone ke kAraNa ye bhramAtmaka hote haiM, aura ina meM vaise hI kalpanAnusAra

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0-2 karaNyaM yujyata eva / yaduktam -'liGgasaMkhyAdisambandho na cApohasya vidyate' (67-8) iti-atra vastudharmatvaM liGgasaMkhyAdInAmasiddham svatantrecchAviracitasaMketamAtrabhAvitvAt / prayogaH - yo yadanvaya-vyatireko nAnuvidhatte nAsau taddharmaH, yathA zItatvamagneH, nAnuvidhatte ca liGgasaMkhyAdirvastuno'nvaya-vyatirekAviti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / na cAyamasiddho hetuH, yato yadi liMgaM vastuto vastu syAt tadaikasmiMstaTAkhye vastuni 'taTaH taTI taTam' iti liMgatrayayogizabdapravRtterekasya vastunakhairUpyaprasaktiH syAt / na caikasya strI-puM-napuMsakAkhyaM svabhAvatrayaM yuktam ekatvahAniprasaMgAt viruddhadharmAdhyAsitasyApyekatve sarvavizvamekameva vastu syAt tatazca sahotpatti-vinAzaprasaMgaH / kiJca sarvasyaiva vastuna ekazabdena zabdAntareNa vA liMgatrayapratipattidarzanAt tadviSayANAM sarvacetasAM mecakAdiratnavacchabalAbhAsatAprasaMgaH / atha satyapi liMgatrayayogitve sati sarvavastUnAM yadeva rUpaM vaktumiSTaM sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI ghaTa sakatA hai| zabdayogi liMga tAttvika nahIM hotA* yaha jo pahale kahA thA - apoha ke sAtha liMga aura saMkhyA Adi kA sambandha azakya hai (pR. 67 paM0 32) - usa ke bAre meM isa tathya ko samajhanA cAhiye ki liMga yA saMkhyA Adi ye koI vAstavika vastudharma hI nahIM hai / kAraNa, liMga Adi sirpha vaktA kI svatantra IcchA ke mutAbika hI saMketita kiye jAte haiM / yahA~ anumAna prayoga suniye - jo jisake sAtha anvaya-vyatireka dhAraNa nahIM karatA vaha usa vastu kA dharma nahIM hotA, udA0 zaitya agni kA / liMga-saMkhyA Adi bhI vastu ke anvaya-vyatireka ko dhAraNa nahIM karate, ata: ve bhI vastu ke dharma nahIM hai / vastu ke anvaya-vyatireka vastudharmatva ke vyApaka haiM, una kI anupalabdhi ko hetu banA kara yahA~ vyApya kA abhAva siddha kiyA hai / isa hetu ko koI asiddha nahIM kaha sakatA / kAraNa yaha hai ki liMga agara vAstava meM vasturUpa hotA to saMskRta bhASA meM jo eka hI 'taTa' nAmaka vastu ke liye 'taTa:, taTI, taTam' isa prakAra tIna liMgo ke sUcaka padoM kI pravRtti hotI hai isa ke AdhAra para eka hI 'taTa' vastu meM (liMga vAstavika hone para) paraspara viruddha tIna liMgo kI prasakti hogI / eka hI vastu meM strItva-puMstva aura napuMsakatva ye tIna svabhAva yuktisaMgata nahIM hai phira bhI mAneMge to una kI AdhArabhUta vastu ke ekatva kA bhaMga hogA / viruddha dharmoM se adhyAsita vastu ko yadi 'eka' mAnane kA Agraha rakheMge to phira vizvameM kahIM bhI bheda surakSita na rahane se sArA vizva eka vasturUpa mAnanA paDegA / phalata: kisI eka vastu ke utpAda-vinAza hone para pUre vizva kA sahotpAda - sahavinAza mAnane kI Apatti hogii| liMgatraya ke sAMkarya kI Apatti* dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki hara kisI vastu meM eka yA dUsare zabda se tInoM liMgo kA nirUpaNa hotA hai, udA0 saMskRta bhASA meM 'vastu' zabda se pratyeka cIja kA napusaMkarUpa se, padArthazabda se puruSarUpa se aura vyaktizabda se strIrUpa se pratipAdana hotA hai / phalata: tad tad vastu viSayaka citta (vijJAna) bhI raMga-biraMgI ratna kI taraha tInoM liMga se saMkIrNa svabhAvavAle mAnane kI Apatti hogii| yadi kaheM - 'vastumAtra liMgatrayaviziSTa hone para bhI vaktA kA jisa liMga ke pratipAdana meM tAtparya hogA, sirpha usI liMga kA avabhAsaka citta zrotA ko vaktA

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110 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pratipAdakena tanmAtrAvabhAsAnyeva vivakSAvazAccetAMsi bhaviSyanti na zabalAbhAsAni - nanu yadi 'vivakSAvazAdekarUpANi cetAMsi bhavanti' ityaMgIkriyate tadA tAni yAtmakavastuviSayANi na prApnuvanti tadAkArazUnyatvAt, cakSurvijJAnavat zabdaviSaye / ___ yo'pi manyate - saMstyAna-prasava-sthitiSu yathAkramaM strI-puM-napuMsakavyavasthA(?sthe)ti - tasyApi tana yuktam, yato yadi sthityAdyAzrayA liMgavyavasthA tadA taTa-zRMkhalAdivat sarvapadArtheSvavibhAgena triliMgatAprasaktiH sthityAdevidyamAnatvAt, anyathA 'taTaH taTI taTam' ityAdAvapi liMgatrayaM na syAt vizeSAbhAvAt, ityativyApitA lakSaNadoSaH / vyabhicAradarzanAd vA'vyApitA ca, asatyapi hi sthityAdike zazaviSANAdiSvasadrUpesu(?Su) 'abhAvaH' - 'nirupAkhyam' - 'tucchatA' ityAdibhiH zabdaiH liMgatrayapratipattidarzanAt / itathA'vyApinI - sthityAdiSveva pratyekaM liMgatrayayogizabdapravRttidarzanAt / tathAhi - prasavaH = utpAdaH saMstyAnaM = vinAzaH AtmasvarUpaM ca sthitiH, tatra prasave sthiti-saMstyAnayorabhAvAt kathaM 'utpAdaH utpattiH janma' ityAdeH strI-puM-napuMsakaliMgasya zabdasya pravRttirbhavet ? tathA, saMstyAne sthikI vivakSA ke adhIna utpanna hogA, ata: cittameM liMgatraya saMkIrNatA mAnane kI Apatti nahIM hogI' - to itanA kahane se kAma nahIM calegA, kyoMki 'vivakSA ke anurUpa eka-eka svabhAvavAle hI citta utpanna hone kI bAta ko mAna leMge to usakA matalaba yahI hogA ki ve citta tIna liMga vAle vastu ko viSaya nahIM karate haiM kyoMki liMgatrayAkAra se zUnya haiM, jaise ki cAkSuSa jJAna zabdAkArazUnya hone se zabdAtmaka vastu ko viSaya nahIM karatA / pariNAmasvarUpa, vastu meM vAstavadharmarUpa liMga-saMkhyAdi ko mAnanA nirarthaka hai|| saMstyAna Adi ke AdhAra para liMga-vyavasthA asaMgata* aisA jo mAnate haiM ki saMstyAna (=vinAza) sUcita karane ke liye strIliMga, prasava (utpatti) ke liye pulliMga aura sthiti ke liye napusaMkaliMga kA prayoga karane kI vyavasthA hai - to yaha bhI ThIka mAnyatA nahIM hai| kAraNa, jaba sthiti-prasavAdi ke AdhAra para liMga kI vyavasthA kareMge to taTa aura zRMkhalAdi zabdoM kI taraha hara kisI zabda meM tInoM liMga kI Apatti AyegI kyoMki una zabdoM ke vAcyArthoM meM sthiti Adi tInoM kI vidyamAnatA abAdhita hai| phira bhI Apa unameM tInoM liMga nahIM mAneMge to taTa Adi zabdoM meM jo 'taTa: taTI taTam' tIna liMgo kA prayoga hotA hai vaha nahIM ho pAyegA kyoMki sthiti Adi ko choDa kara aura koI vizeSatA to una meM hai nahIM / tAtparya, saMstyAnAdi lakSaNa ke AdhAra para kI jAne vAlI liMgavyavasthA alakSya meM bhI prasakta hone se ativyAptidoSagrasta hai / uparAMta, lakSya ke kucha bhAga meM abhAva hone ke kAraNa avyApti doSa bhI prasakta hai, jaise ki zazazRMgAdi asat padArthoM ke bAre meM 'abhAva: nirupAkhyam, tucchatA' ityAdi zabdoM se tInoM liMga kA pratipAdana to sarvamAnya hai kintu vahA~ sthiti Adi eka bhI lakSaNa nahIM hai ata: avyApti spaSTa hai / taduparAMta dUsare DhaMga se bhI avyApti dekhiye - sthiti-prasava Adi ke liye tInoM liMga kA prayoga sarvamAnya hai, kintu sthiti meM prasava-vinAza nahIM hote ata: avyApti hogI / vizeSa spaSTatA ke liye yaha dhyAna meM rakhA jAya ki prasava kA matalaba hai utpAda. saMstyAna kA vinAza aura sthiti AtmasvarUpAvasthA rUpa hotI hai| aba yaha prazna uThegA ki prasava meM na to saMstyAna hai na sthiti, to prasava ke liye 'utpAdaH, utpattiH, janma' isa prakAra tInoM liMga vAle zabdoM kI pravRtti kaise hogI ? vaise hI, saMstyAna meM sthiti aura prasava nahIM hai, to usa ke liye 'tirobhUtiH, vinAzaH, tirobhavanam' aise tIna liMgo kI zabdapravRtti kaise hogI - aura

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 111 tiprasavayorabhAvAt kathaM 'tirobhUtiH' "vinAzaH' tirobhavanam' ityAdibhiH zabdairvyapadizyate 'saMstyAnam' ityanena ca ? tathA, sthitau saMstyAnaprasavayorasaMbhavAt 'sthitiH' 'sthAnam' 'svabhAvaH' cetyAdibhiH zabdaiH kayamucyeta ? atha sthityAdInAM parasparamavibhaktarUpatvAt pratyekameSu liMgatrayayogitA / nanu parasparamavibhaktaM rUpaM tadaikameva paramArthato liMgaM syAt na liMgatrayam / anyastvAha - "strItvAdayo gotvAdaya iva sAmAnyavizeSAH" [ ] tatra pakSe sAmAnya-vizeSANAmabhAvA(t) strItvAdInAmapi tadrUpANAmabhAvaH ityasambhavi lakSaNam / kiMca, teSveva sAmAnyavizeSeSvantareNApyaparaM sAmAnyavizeSaM 'jAtiH bhAvaH sAmAnyam' ityAdeH strI-puM-napuMsakaliGgasya pravRttidarzanAt avyApitA ca lakSaNasya / na hi sAmAnyeSvaparANi sAmAnyAni "niHsAmAnyAni sAmAnyAni"[ ] iti vaizeSikasiddhAntAt / yadA tu sAmAnyasyApyaparANi sAmAnyAnISyante vaiyAkaraNaiH, yathoktam - (vAkyapa0 tR. kA0 zlo0 11) 'saMstyAnam' isa napuMsakaliMgazabdapravRtti bhI kaise hogI ? vaise hI - sthiti meM prasava aura saMstyAna saMbhava nahIM hote, to 'sthitiH sthAnam, svabhAvaH' isa prakAra liMgatrayavAle zabdoM kI pravRtti kaise ho sakegI ? agara kaheM ki - sthiti-prasava-saMstyAna ye tInoM eka dUsare se avibhakta rUpa vAle haiM ata: sthiti Adi meM prasava Adi vidyamAna hone se unameM tInoM liMgo kI pravRtti ho sakatI hai - taba to niSkarSa yahI phalita hogA ki eka-dUsare se avibhakta rUpa vAle tInoM liMga vAstava meM eka hI hai tIna pRthak pRthak liMga nahIM hai / sirpha kalpanA se tIna liMga mAne jAya to hameM koI bAdha nahIM hai kyoMki pahale hI hamane kahA hai ki liMga-saMkhyAdi vAstavika nahIM hai kintu kAlpanika haiM / * strItva Adi liMga sAmAnyavizeSarUpa nahIM haiM* anya koI kahatA hai - strItva, puMstva Adi ye gotva-azvatva kI taraha sAmAnyavizeSa (ubhayarUpa) hai| sakala go meM rahane ke kAraNa gotva sAmAnyarUpa bhI hai aura azvAdi vyAvRtta hone ke kAraNa vaha vizeSarUpa bhI hai isI taraha strItvAdi meM bhI samajha sakate haiN| bauddha kahatA hai ki isa pakSa meM bhI strItvAdi kI vAstavikatA siddha nahIM ho sakatI / kAraNa, jaba sAmAnya vizeSa (ubhayAtmaka) vastu bhI paramArthata: siddha nahIM hai to sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka strItvAdi kaise siddha ho sakate haiM ? ! phira strItvAdi ke lakSaNa kA to sambhava bhI kahA~ ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki gotvAdi sAmAnyavizeSoM ke liye bhI 'jAti' 'bhAva' 'sAmAnya' aise tInoM liMgo kA prayoga hotA hai, ata: una gotvAdi meM bhI strItvAdi sAmAnyavizeSa kI kalpanA karanI paDegI kintu vaha to sambhava nahIM hai to phira sAmAnya-vizeSa ke vinA una meM tIna liMgoM kA prayoga kaise zakya hogA ? aura strItvAdi kA lakSaNa bhI una meM kaise ghaTegA ? gotvAdi meM liMgaprayoga nirbAdha hotA hai aura sAmAnyavizeSa rUpa lakSaNa to una meM hai nahIM ata: lakSaNa meM avyApti doSa prasakta hogA / aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki - sAmAnya meM bhI aura sAmAnya kA sadbhAva mAna leMge - kyoMki vaiziSikoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki 'sAmAnya' sAmAnyazUnya hotA hai| vaiyAkaraNa loga kahate haiM ki hama to sAmAnya meM bhI aura sAmAnya mAnate haiM jaise ki vAkyapadIya meM

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam * " arthajAtyabhidhAne'pi sarve jAtividhAyinaH / vyApAralakSaNA yasmAt padArthAH samavasthitAH || " na hi zAstrAntaraparidRSTA jAtivyavasthA niyogato vaiyAkaraNairabhyupagantavyA, pratyayAbhidhAnAnvayavyApArakAryonnIyamAnarUpA hi jAtayaH, na hi tAsAmiyattA kAcit, ato yathoditakAryadarzanAt sAmAnyAdhArA jAtiH sampratijJAyate tathAbhUtapratyaya - zabdanibandhanam / 'vyApAralakSaNA' iti abhidhAnapratyayavyApArato vyavasthitalakSaNa ityarthaH / tadA'nantaroktameva dUSaNam - 'sAmAnyasyAbhAvAt' ityAdi / api ca na hi asatsu zazaviSANAdisu jAtirasti vastudharmatvAt tasyAH, iti teSu 'abhAva' Adizabdaprayogo na syAt / tasmAdavyApinI liMgavyavasthetIcchAracitasaMketamAtrabhAvinyeveyaM liMgatrayavyavastheti sthitam / - 112 saMkhyAyA api vastugatAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAbhAvo nAsiddhaH / tathAhi - sA mAyikye (va) na vAstava dArAdiSvasatyapi vAstave bhede vivakSAvazenopakalpitatvAt, anyathA bahutvaikatvAdisaMkhyA vastukahA hai "kucha zabdoM meM se arthagata jAti kA nirUpaNa hone para zabda mAtra se bhI jAti kA nirUpaNa hotA hai (arthAt gotvAdi jAtivAcaka zabda bhI gotvAdijAtigata jAti kA hI nirUpaNa karatA hai) kyoMki apane kAryoM ke anurUpa hI padArtha sthita hotA hai" ataH vaizeSika Adi anya zAstrakAroM ke dvArA kI gayI jAti sambandhi vyavasthA mAnane ke liye vyAkaraNazAstrI koI vacanabaddha nahIM hai / samAnAkAra pratIti aura samAna nAmaprayoga kA anvaya ye do vyApArAtmaka kArya liMga bana kara jAti kI anumiti ko janma dete haiN| ina anumitisiddha jAtiyoM kI saMkhyA meM koI iyattA (= niyantraNA) nahIM hai / isaliye samAnAkArapratIti Adi kArya ke darzana se jAti ko bhI jAti ke adhikaraNarUpa meM vyAkaraNazAstrI ghoSita karate haiM / ataH jAti bhI strItvAdi ke rUpa meM pratIta hotI hai aura usa ke liye tInoM liMgo kA prayoga bhI saMgata hotA hai / vAkyapadIya ke zloka meM jo 'vyApAra - lakSaNA padArthAH' kahA hai usa kA matalaba yaha hai ki tulyanAmaprayoga aura samAnAkAra pratItirUpa vyApAra ke dvArA padArthoM kA lakSaNa sujJAta hotA hai / bauddha yahA~ kahatA hai ki jo dUSaNa hamane vaizeSika mata meM abhI dikhAyA thA vahI sAmAnya koI vAstavika artha hI nahIM hai - yahI dUSaNa vyAkaraNazAstrI ke mata meM bhI tadavastha hI hai / yaha bhI socane jaisA hai ki zazazRMga Adi asat padArthoMmeM to jAti kA astitva hI nahIM hotA, kyoMki jAti to sadbhUta artha kA dharma hotI hai ataH una asat padArthoM ke liye strItvAdi jAti ke viraha meM ' abhAva' aisA pulliMga zabdaprayoga nahIM ho sakegA / niSkarSa, vaizeSikAdi kalpita jAtivyavasthA apane sabhI lakSyoM taka pahu~ca sake aisI vyApaka nahIM hai, ataH siddha hotA hai ki tIna liMgo kI vyavasthA sirpha icchA - kalpanA se kiye gaye saMketa para hI avalambita hai / liMga kI taraha saMkhyA bhI kAlpanika "liMga saMkhyAdi kA apoha ke sAtha sambandha nahIM haiM kyoMki liMgAdi vastudharma haiM" isa ke sAmane apohavAdI Age kahatA hai ki liMga kI taraha saMkhyA bhI vastu ke sAtha anvaya-vyatireka kA anukaraNa karane vAlI nahIM hai / aura yaha bAta asiddha bhI nahIM hai, dekhiye - saMkhyA mAyAracita hI hai, vAstavika nahIM hai, kyoMki vAstavika bheda hone para bhI vivakSAvaza saMkhyA ( bahutvAdi kI) kalpanA se prayukta kI jAtI hai, jaise "dArA' ityAdi zabda jaba eka patnI ke liye prayukta hotA hai taba vyakti bheda (yAnI anekatA ) na hone *. 'jAtyabhidhAyina:' iti mudritavAkyapadIye /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 113 gatabhedAbhedalakSaNA yadi syAt tadA ' ApaH ' ' dArAH ' ' sikatAH ' 'varSAH' ityAdAvasatyapi vastuno bhede bahutvasaMkhyA kathaM pravarttate ? tathA, 'vanam' ' tribhuvanam' 'jagat' 'SaNNagarI' ityAdiSvasatyapyabhede'rthasyaikatvasaMkhyA na vyapadizyeta, ato nAsiddhatA hetoH / nApyanekAntikaH sarvasya sarvadharmatvaprasaGgAt, sapakSe bhAvAcca na viruddhaH / atra ca kumArilo hetorasiddhatAM pratipAdayatrAha - dArAdizabdaH kadAcit jAtau prayujyate kadAcit vyaktau / tatra yadA jAtau tadA vyaktigatAM saMkhyAmupAdAya varttate, vyaktayatha bAhavyo yoSitaH / yadA tu vyaktau prayujyate tadA tadvyaktyavayavAnAM pANi-pAdAdInAM bahutvasaMkhyAmAdAya varttate / vanazabdena tu dhava- khadira- palAzAdilakSaNA vyaktayastatsambandhibhUtavRkSatvajAtigatasaMkhyAviziSTAH pratipAdyante tena 'vanam' ityekavacanaM bhavati jAtigataikasaMkhyAviziSTadravyAbhidhAnAt / athavA dhavAdivyaktisamAzritA jAtireva 'vana' zabdenocyate tenaikavacanaM bhavati jAterekatvAditi / nanvevaM 'vRkSaH' 'ghaTaH' ityAdAvapyekavacanamucchinnaM syAt sarvatraivAsya nyAyasya tulyavAt / tathAhi atrApi zakyamevaM vaktum "jAtau vyaktau vA vRkSAdizet pruyajyate' ityAdi / atha matam - " vRkSAdau para bhI bahuvacana meM hI prayukta kiyA jAtA hai / isa anumAna se saMkhyA kI kRtrimatA siddha hotI hai / bahutvAdi saMkhyA yadi vastugata bheda yA abheda ke sAtha vastutaH saMlagna hotI taba to saMskRta bhASA meM jalavAcaka 'Apa: ' zabda, patnI vAcaka 'dArA: ' zabda, bAlU kA vAcaka 'sikatA: ' aura vRSTi kA vAcaka 'varSA' zabda ye sabhI bahuvacana meM prayukta na ho kara ekavacana meM hI prayukta hote, kyoMki jalAdi artha meM koI svagata bheda nahIM haiM, to una meM bahuvacana kA prayoga kaise ? tathA vana - tribhuvana - jagat - SaNNagarI ityAdi zabdoM meM svagata abheda na hone para bhI ekavacana kA hI prayoga hotA hai vaha bhI nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki vana Adi padArtha aneka vRkSAdi svarUpa hai / niSkarSa, uparokta anumAna prayoga meM 'vivakSAvaza - kalpitatva' hetu asiddha nahIM haiM / sAdhyadrohI bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki vivakSAvazakalpitatva hetu yadi sAdhyazUnya meM arthAt vAstava padArtha meM rahegA taba to sarva dharmiyoM meM vivakSA vaza sarva dharmoM kI kalpanA zakya hone se sarvatra sarva dharmoM ko yAnI Aga Adi meM zaityAdi ko bhI vAstavika mAnane kI Apatti hogI / vivakSAvazakalpitatva hetu dArAdi tathA vanAdi ke liye prayukta saMkhyArUpa sapakSa meM vidyamAna hone se sAdhyaviruddha hone kI to gandha bhI nahIM hai / vivakSAvazakalpitatva hetu meM asiddhi kA AkSepa kumArila mImAMsaka yahA~ 'vivakSAvazakalpitatva' hetu kI asiddhi dIkhAte hue kahatA hai - dArAdizabdoM ko dRSTAnta banA kara saMkhyA meM vivakSAvazakalpitatva hetu kahA gayA hai usa kI asiddhi isa prakAra hai - 'dArA' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kabhI to jAti ke liye hotA hai aura kabhI vyakti ke liye / jaba jAti ke liye hotA hai taba usake AzrayabhUta vyaktioM meM rahI huI saMkhyA ko lekara bahuvacanAnta 'dArA' zabda prayukta hotA hai; vyaktiyA~ to mahilAe~ aneka hI haiN| jaba vaha vyakti ke liye hI prayukta hotA hai taba usa vyakti ke hAtha-paira Adi avayavoM kI bahutva saMkhyA ko lekara bahuvacanAnta 'dArA: ' zabda prayukta hotA hai / isI taraha vanazabda se dhavAdivRkSagata vRkSatvajAti meM rahane vAlI ekatvasaMkhyA se viziSTa dhava - khera - palAzAdi vRkSoM kA pratipAdana hotA hai, ataH jAtigata ekatva saMkhyAvAle dravya kA pratipAdana karane se ekavacanAnta vanazabda kA prayoga hotA hai / athavA yU~ kahIye ka banazabda se dhavAdi vRkSavyaktioM kA nahIM kintu una vyaktioM meM Azrita vRkSatva jAti kA hI pratipAdana hotA

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114 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyakteravayavAnAM ca saMkhyAvivakSA nAsti" - yadyevaM, na tarhi vastugatAnvayAyanuvidhAyinI saMkhyA, vivakSAyA evAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAt / tatazca saiva 'dArAH' ityAdiSu bahuvacanasya nibandhanamastu, bhedAbhAve'pyekamapi vastu bahutvena vivakSyate, iti nAsiddhatA hetoH / yaccoktam - 'vanazabdo jAtisaMkhyAvizeSitA vyaktIrAha' iti, tatra na jAteH saMkhyA'sti dravyasamAzritatvAdasyAH / atha vaizeSikaprakriyA nAbhIyate tadA bhAve saMkhyAyAstayA kathaM dhavAdivyaktayo vizeSitAH siddhayanti ? syAdetat - sambaddhasambandhAt tatsambandhato vA siddhayanti / tathAhi - yadA jAteya'tirekiNI hai aura jAti eka hotI hai isaliye 'vana' zabda kA ekavacanAnta prayoga hotA hai / asiddhi ke AkSepa kA nirAkaraNa 'dArA' meM bahuvacana kI upapatti ke liye kumArilane jo uparokta bAta kI hai usa ke sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai ki isa taraha to 'vRkSa' aura 'ghaTa' ityAdizabdoM meM bhI bahuvacana kI prasakti hone se ekavacana kA to uccheda hI A paDegA, kyoMki Apa kA dikhAyA huA tarIkA sarvatra prayukta ho sake aisA hai / dekhiye-vRkSAdi meM bhI aisA kaha sakate haiM ki 'vRkSa' zabda kA prayoga jaba vRkSatvajAti ke liye hogA taba usake AzrayabhUta vyaktiyA~ aneka hone se vahA~ bahuvacana ghaTa sakegA / aura jaba vaha vyakti ke liye prayukta hogA taba usa ke zAsvAdi avayava aneka hone se bahavacana ghaTa skegaa| yadi kaheM ki - 'dArA' zabda kI taraha vRkSAdi meM bahuvacanaprayoga ke liye aneka vyaktioM kI yA usa ke avayavoM kI bahutva saMkhyA vivakSita na hone para ekavacana kA prayoga sAvakAza hogA' - to isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki saMkhyA vivakSA ke anvaya-vyatireka kA anukaraNa karatI hai kintu vastugata kisI vAstavadharma ke anvaya-vyatireka kA anusaraNa nahIM karatI / jaba vivakSA hi yahA~ mukhya hai taba 'dArA:' Adi zabdoM meM bhI vivakSA ko hI bahuvacanaprayoga kA nimitta mAna lIjiye, bheda (yAnI anekatA) na hone para bhI eka vastu kI anekarUpa se saMkhyA meM vivakSAkalpitatva hetu kahA thA vaha asiddha nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta jo kumArila ne kahI thI - 'vana' zabda se vRkSatvajAtigata saMkhyA se vizeSita vyakti kA nirUpaNa hotA hai' - vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki nyAya-vaizeSika mAnyatAnusAra to saMkhyA guNa hone se dravyAzrita hI hotI hai, jAti Azrita kabhI nahIM hotI, ata: jAtigata saMkhyA ko lekara ekavacana kI bAta kataI yukta nahIM hai| jAtigata saMkhyA se vyakti meM vaiziSTya kaise ?* kumArila kadAcit aisA kaheM ki - 'hama to mImAMsaka haiM, nyAya-vaizeSika kI prakriyA ko na mAna kara jAti meM bhI saMkhyA mAneMge' - to yahA~ apohavAdI kA prazna hai ki jAtigata saMkhyA se to jAti vizeSita ho sakatI hai kintu dhavAdivyakti usase vizeSita kaise siddha hogI ? taba isa prazna ke uttara meM kumArila aisA kaheM ki - "saMkhyA se sambaddha jAti ke sambandha se, yA sAkSAt saMkhyA ke sambandha se vyakti vizeSita siddha ho sakatI hai / dekhiye - jAtigata saMkhyA jAti se (bhinna hogI

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 115 saMkhyA tadaikatvasaMkhyAsambaddhayA jAtyA dhavAdivyaktInAM sambandhAt pAramparyeNa tayA dhavAdivyaktayo vizeSyante, yadA tu jAteravyatiriktaiva saMkhyA tadA sAkSAdeva sambandhAt tayA vizeSyante iti jAtisaMkhyAvizeSitAH siddhayanti / asadetat - yato yadi sambaddhasambandhAt sambandhato vA dhavAdivyaktiSu vanazabdasya pravRttiH tadaiko'pi pAdapo 'vanam' ityucyeta pravRttinimittasya vidyamAnatvAt / tathAhi - bahavo'pi dhavAdayo jAtisaMkhyAsambandhAdeva 'vana'mityucyate nAnyataH, sa ca sambandhaH ekasminnapi pAdape'stIti kimiti na tathovyeta / athavA dhavAdivyaktisamAzritA ityatrapakSe ekasyApi taroH 'vanam' ityabhidhAnaM syAt / tathAhi - yaivAsau vanazabdena jAtirbahuvyaktyAzritA'bhidhIyate saivaikasyAmapi dhavAdivyaktau vyavasthitA tatazca vanadhiyo nimittasya sarvatra tulyatvAd ekatrApi pAdape kimiti vanadhIna bhavet ? kriyA-kAlAdInAM tvasattvAdevAyuktaM vastudharmatvam (67-8) / bhavatu vA vastudharmatvameSAM tathApi pratibimbalakSaNasyApohasya bhrAntai havyaktirUpatvenAvasitatvAdadhyavasAyavazAd vyaktidvArako liMga-saMkhyAdiyA abhinna hogI - do pakSa meM se prathama pakSa meM yadi) bhinna hai to ekatvasaMkhyA se sambaddha jAti (vRkSatva), aura usa jAti kA dhavAdivyakti ke sAtha sambandha hai hI isaliye paramparayA sambaddha-sambandha se vyakti vizeSita hogI / yadi saMkhyA jAti se abhinna hI hai taba to dhavAdi vyakti ke sAtha jAti kA jaise sAkSAt sambandha hai vaise tadabhinna saMkhyA kA bhI sAkSAt sambandha hone se, jAti kA jaise sAkSAt sambandha hai vaise tadbhinna saMkhyA kA bhI sAkSAt sambandha hone se jAtigata saMkhyA se dhavAdivyakti sAkSAt sambandha se vizeSita siddha hogii|" - to yaha kathana bhI galata hai / kAraNa, jAti-saMkhyA ke sambaddhasambandha se yA sAkSAt sambandha se agara dhavAdivyaktioM meM 'vana' zabda kI pravRtti ko yukta mAneMge to kisI eka vRkSa ke liye bhI 'vana' zabdaprayoga yukta ho jAyegA, kyoMki vahA~ bhI vana zabda kA pravRttinimitta nirbAdha vidyamAna hai| dekhiye - cAhe kitane bhI dhavAdi ho, jAtigata saMkhyA ke sambandha se hI ve 'vana' kahe jAte haiM, aura kisI se nahIM / aba jAtigatasaMkhyA kA sambandha to jaise aneka dhavAdi vRkSoM meM haiM vaise kisI eka vRkSavyakti meM bhI vidyamAna hai, to eka vRkSavyakti ko 'vana' kyoM na kahA jAya ? athavA.... kara ke jo kumArilane kahA thA ki - 'vana' zabda kA prayoga dhavAdivyaktiyoM meM Azrita jAti ke liye hI hotA hai aura jAti eka hone se ekavacanAnta 'vana' zabda ThIka hai|' - to isa pakSa meM bhI eka vRkSavyakti ke liye vanazabda kA prayoga prasakta hai| dekhiye - aneka dhavAdivyakti Azrita jisa (vRkSatva) jAti ke liye 'vana' zabda prayukta hotA hai vahI jAti kisI eka dhavAdi vRkSavyakti meM bhI Azrita hai| isa prakAra 'vana' zabda kA pravRttinimitta bhUta (vRkSatva) jAti eka yA aneka vyaktiyoM meM samAnarUpa se jaba vidyamAna hai to phira eka vRkSavyakti meM 'vana' aisI buddhi (yA vyapadeza) kyoM na ho ?! - yaha Apatti kumArila mata meM aTala hai| sArAMza, liMga kI taraha saMkhyA bhI vastudharma nahIM hai| kriyA-kAla Adi kA apoha ke sAtha sambandha 'liMga-saMkhyA kI taraha kriyA aura kAla bhI vastudharma hone se apoha meM nahIM ho sakatA' aisA jo apohavAda ke virodha meM pahale (197-28) kahA thA usa ke sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai ki kriyA aura kAla meM vastudharmatva mAnanA ayukta hai kyoMki kriyA aura kAla jaisI koI vastu hI nahIM hai padArthakSaNa ke atirikta na to koI kriyA hai na koI kAla hai isaliye svatantrarUpa se ye donoM asat haiN|

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116 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sambandho bhaviSyati / tena yaduktam - 'vyaktezcA'vyapadezyatvAt dvAreNApi nAstyasau' (68-1) iti - tadanaikAntikam, saMvRtipakSe cA'siddham - [ta. saMgrahe - 1143] "vyaktirUpAvasAyena yadi vApoha ucyate / tal liMgAyabhisambandho vyaktidvAro'sya vidyate // ' 'apoha ucyate' iti 'zabdena' iti zeSaH, 'tad' iti tasmAt, asya= ityapohasya / "AkhyAteSu na ca" (pR. 68-3) iti - atra ' AkhyAteSvanyanivRttirna samratIyate' ityasiddham / tathAhi - jijJAsite kasmiMzcidarthe zroturbuddhernivezAya zabdaH prayujyate vyavahartRbhiH na vyasanitayA; tenAbhIrthapratipattau sAmarthyAdanabhISTavyavacchedaH pratIyata eva, abhISTAnabhISTayoranyonyavyavacchedarUpatvAt / sa mevAbhISTaM yadi syAt tadA pratiniyatazabdArtho na prApnoti iti yA ca kasyacidarthasya parihAreNa zrotuH kvacidarthe zabdAt pravRttiH sA na prApnoti; tasmAt 'sarvamevAbhISTam' ityetadayuktam, ataH 'pacati' ityAdizabdAnAmabhISTavyavacchedaH sAmarthyAt sphuTamavagamyata evaM / ___ kathaMcid mAna le ki liMgAdi sabhI vastudharma haiM, to apoMha ke sAtha bhI usa kA sambandha vyakti dvArA ghaTa sakatA hai, kyoMki bhrAnta logoM ke dvArA pUrvokta pratibimba svarUpa apoha bhI bAhyavyaktirUpa se adhyavasita hai / ata: bAhyavyaktirUpa se kiye gaye adhyavasAya ke prabhAva se pratibimbAtmaka apoha meM adhyavasita bAhyavyaktigata liMgAdi kA sambandha ghaTa sakatA hai| isa liye yaha jo pahale kahA thA - "vyakti vyapadezaayogya hone se vyakti dvArA bhI apoha ke sAtha liMgAdi kA sambandha nahIM ghaTa sakatA'' - vaha uparokta rIti se apoha meM sambandha ghaTa jAne se anaikAntika siddha hotA hai / tathA liMgAdi ko kAlpanika mAnane ke pakSa meM to vaha bAta asiddha bhI hai kyoMki kAlpanika liMgAdi kA sarvatra apoha meM kAlpanika saMbandha mAnane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai| tattvasaMgraha meM (kA0 1142meM) yahI kahA hai ki - "bAhyavyaktirUpa se adhyavasita apoha kA jaba zabda se pratipAdana ho sakatA hai taba apoha meM usa bAhyavyakti-adhyavasAya se usa ke liMgAdi kA sambandha bhI ho sakatA hai|" AkhyAtaprayogoM se anyApoha kI pratIti pahale jo kahA thA - 'pacati' ityAdi AkhyAta zabdoM meM anyApoha kA anubhava nahIM hotA isaliye apoha zabdArthavyavasthA apUrNa hai" - usa ke sAmane aba apohavAdI kahatA hai ki AkhyAtoM (=kriyApadoM) meM anyApoha kA anubhava nahIM hotA yaha bAta asiddha hai| dekhiye - vyavahArI loga sirpha zaukha ke liye zabdaprayoga nahIM karate haiM kintu zrotA kI buddhi meM kisI artha ko baiThAne ke liye karate haiN| isa prakAra kisI iSTa artha kA zrotA ko bodha hone para arthata: anabhISTa artha kA vyavaccheda zrotA ko svata: avagata ho jAtA hai (udA0 'yaha auSadha khA jAnA' aisA kahane para zrotA ko yaha bhI patA cala jAtA hai ki khAne kA kahA hai mAliza karane kA yA pheMka dene kA nahIM kahA hai) kyoMki iSTa aura aniSTa artha eka dUsare ke vyavacchedarUpa hote haiM / yadi vaktA yA zrotA ko sabhI artha iSTa hI hote haiM to kisI bhI zabda se niyata artha kA bodha hone kA sambhava hI nahIM rhtaa| isakA natIjA yaha AtA ki anya arthoM se nivRtta ho kara zrotA kI jo amuka niyata hI artha meM zabdazravaNamUlaka pravRtti hotI hai vaha zakya nahIM rhtii| isI se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki 'zrotA ko saba kucha iSTa hotA hai' yaha bAta galata hai / isaliye siddha hotA hai 'pacati = pakAtA hai' ityAdi zabdoMse arthata: anyApoha bhI spaSTa hI avagata hotA hai / jaise ki tattvasaMgraha meM bhI kahA hai - 'pacati' aisA bolane

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 117 "tathAhi - pacatItyukta nodAsIno'vatiSThate / bhuMkta dIvyati vA neti gamyate'tyanivarttanam // " [ta0 saM0 1145] tena 'paryudAsarUpaM hi niSedhyaM tatra na vidyate' iti uktaM (68-4) tadasiddham / yacca 'pacatItyaniSiddhaM tu svarUpeNaiva tiSThati' iti - tatra svavacanavyAghAtaH / tathAhi - 'pacati' ityetasyArtha 'svarUpeNaiva' ityanenAvadhAraNenAvadhAritarUpaM darzayatA 'pacati' ityetasyAnyarUpaniSedhenAtmasthitiriti darzitaM bhavati, anyathA 'svarUpeNaiva' ityetadavadhAraNaM bhavatprayuktamanarthakaM syAt vyavacchedyAbhAvAt / "sAdhyatvapratyayazca" iti (69-1) atrApi yadyapoho bhavatA nirupAkhyasvabhAvatayA gRhItastakathamidamucyate 'niSpannatvAt' iti (69-3) ? na hyAkAzotpalAdInAM kAcidasti niSpattiH, sopAkhyAvirahalakSaNatvAt teSAm / syAdetat - "yadyapyasau nirupAkhyaH paramArthatastathApi bhrAntaiH pra. tipattRbhirbAhyarUpatayA'dhyavasitatvAdasau sopAkhyAtvena khyAti / ' nanu yadyasau sopAkhyAtvena khyAti ta. thApi kimatra prakRtArthAnukUlaM jAtam ? "vastubhistulyadharmatvam, etena yathA vastu niSpannarUpaM pratIyate para isa prakAra anyavyavaccheda buddhigata hotA hai ki vaha pakAnevAlA niSkriya khaDA nahIM rahA hai, na khAtA hai, na krIDA karatA hai (kintu pakAtA hai)" (kA0 1145) uparokta vaktavya se aba yaha kathana bhI asiddha phalita hotA hai jo pahale kahA gayA thA ki - 'pacati' ityAdi meM paryudAsarUpa niSedhya vidyamAna nahIM hai" - asiddha isaliye ki uparokta rIti se bhojana Adi rUpa paryudAsa niSedhya nirvivAda siddha hai| ___ tathA isI prasaMga meM jo yaha kahA thA ki "pacati' aisA sunane para niSedhavihIna sirpha svarUpa se hI pAkakriyA kA bodha hotA hai" - isa kathana meM to spaSTa hI vadato vyAdhAta hai, kyoMki yahA~ 'pacati' kA artha vivecana karatA huA paravAdI 'svarUpa se hI' isa prakAra jo avadhAraNa kara ke 'pacati' kA avadhArita (= anyavyAvRtta) artha dIkhAtA hai taba avadhAraNa ke rUpa meM anya bhojanAdikriyA ke niSedhapUrvaka hI pAkakriyA rUpa AtmIya artha kA nirdeza karatA hai| yadi yaha mAnya nahIM kareMge to 'svarUpa se hI' isa prakAra paravAdIprayukta avadhAraNa nirarthaka ThaharegA kyoMki Apa ke mata meM vahA~ koI vyavacchedya to hai hI nahIM / apoha meM sAdhyatva pratIti kA upapAdana pahale apohavirodhIne jo yaha kahA thA - 'pacati' ityAdimeM sAdhyatva kI pratIti hotI hai.....(pR.) ityAdi - usake sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai ki apoha ko nirupAkhya tuccha svabhAva samajha kara Apa usa meM sAdhyatva kA jaba niSedha karate ho to phira aisA kyoM kahate the ki 'apoha to niSpanna (siddha) hI hai usameM sAdhane kA (= sAdhyatva) kucha bhI zeSa nahIM hai ?' [matalaba yaha hai ki jaba Apa apoha ko tuccha samajhate haiM to phira usa ko siddha (= niSpanna) kaise kahate haiM ?] AkAzakusumAdi asat (tuccha) padArthoM kI niSpatti kahIM bhI nahIM hotI hai kyoMki tuccha to kisI bhI sArthaka upAkhyA (= saMjJA) se zUnya hotA hai / Apa ko dila meM aisA hogA ki - "hAlA~ ki apoha vAstava meM to nirupAkhya (=upAkhyArahita) hI hotA hai kintu bhrAnta logoMne usako bAhyapadArtharUpa se adhyavasita kara rakhA hai isaliye usa kI 'sopAkhya' (= upAkhyA viziSTa) rUpa se

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118 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tathApoho'pi vastubhistulyadharmatayA khyAte(to) niSpana iva pratIyate iti siddhaM 'niSpanatvAt' iti vacanam" / yadyevaM bhavatyai(tai)va sAdhya(tva)pratyayasya bhUtAdipratyayasya ca nimittamupadarzitamiti na vaktavyametat 'nirnimittaM prasajyate' (69-4) iti / yadyapi 'vidhyAdAvartharAzau ca nAnyApohanirUpaNam' iti (69-4) pareNoktam tatra vidhyAde- rarthasya niSedhyAdapi vyAvRttatayA'vasthitatvAt tatpratipattau sAmarthyAdavivakSitaM nAstitAdi niSidhyata itya- styevAtra 'anyApohanirUpaNam' / 'naJazcApi natrA yuktI....' (69-5) ityatrApi [tattvasaMgrahe kA0 1156-57] "nAsau na pacatItyukte gamyate pacatIti hi / audAsInyAdiyogazca tRtIye naji gamyate // turye tu tadvivikto'sau pacatItyavasIyate / tenAtra vidhivAkyena samamanyanivarttanam // " 'turye' iti caturthe 'caturazchyatau AdyakSaralopazca' [pANinI-5-2-51 vArttika siddhAnta. pR0 299] jUThI khyAti ho gaI hai / (aura usa jUThI khyAti meM vaha 'siddha' hone se usameM sAdhyatva kA niSedha karate haiM)" kintu yaha bAta acchI nahIM hai / kAraNa mAna lo ki vaha sopAkhyarUpa se khyAta hai, to bhI Apa kI prastuta bAta ko usa se kyA samarthana milA ? isa prazna kA yadi aisA uttara ho ki "sopAkhyarUpa se khyAta hone ke kAraNa vaha vastu kA samAnadharmI, yAnI vastu jaisA hI ho gayA / jaba vaha vastutulya hI prasiddha huA to hama jo usa meM sAdhyatva kA niSedha kara ke niSpannatva (= siddhatva) kA nirUpaNa karate haiM vaha saMgata siddha huA / " aho ! isa javAba se to Apane hI sAdhyatvapratyaya aura bhUta-bhaviSyat Adi pratyaya (=pratIti) kA spaSTa nimitta peza kara diyA / matalaba, 'pacati' pada prayoga ke pahale jo pacanabhinna kriyAoM kA apoha sAdhyabAhya thA usa ko Apane sAdhyatva koTi meM lAne ke liye vastutulyatvarUpa nimitta spaSTa kara diyA / isa liye aba Apa aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki - "sAdhyatvabodhaka aura bhUta-bhaviSyAdikAla bodhaka 'ti, syati' Adi pratyaya asaMgata haiN|" kyoMki aba to apoha vastutulya ho jAne ke kAraNa 'ti' Adi pratyayoM ke dvArA sAdhyatvapratIti kI upapatti ho sakatI hai| vidhi Adi meM bhI anyApoha kA nirUpaNa __ pahale jo yaha kahA thA (pR0) - vidhi-AmantraNa Adi artharAzi ke pratipAdaka vAkya se anyApoha kA pratipAdana nahIM hotA - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai, vidhi Adi artha niSedhya Adi arthoM se vyAvRttarUpa se hI vidyamAna hote haiM, ata: vidhi Adi artha kA avabodha hone para, arthata: una kA niSedha ho jAtA hai jo nAstitvAdi niSedhya artha vivakSita nahIM rahate / isa prakAra yahA~ anyApoha kA pratipAdana nirbAdha hai| pahale jo kahA thA ki eka nakAra kA dUsare nakAra ke sAtha prayoga hone para, do niSedha mila kara vidhi kA hI pratipAdana karate haiM, usa vakta apoha kA nirUpaNa nahIM hotA - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai - "yaha nahIM pakAtA aisA nahIM' aisA kahane para 'pakAtA hai| aisI pratIti hotI hai, agara isa meM tIsarA nakAra DAla de to 'niSkriya hai (pakAtA nahIM)' aisI buddhi hotI hai| agara usameM cauthA nakAra DAla de to niSkriya se viparIta yAnI 'pakAtA hai' aisA bhAna hotA hai / isa prakAra niSedhadvayayukta vAkya se bhI vidhivAkya ke samAna hI anya (audAsInyAdi kI) vyAvRtti kA bodha hotA hai, nahIM hotA aisA nahIM hai / "

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 119 ityanena pUraNArthe 'yat' pratyayavidhAnAt / ' 'tadvivikko'sau' iti audAsInyAdiviviktaH, "vidhivAkyena samamanyanivarttanam' iti yathA 'pacati' ityAdi vidhivAkye sAmarthyAdaudAsInyAdinivRttirgamyate tathA dvitIye'pi naji iti siddhamatrApyanyanivarttanam / spArtha tu naJcatuSTayodAharaNam / (118-8) 'cAdInAM najyogo nAsti' (69-7) ityatra - [ta0 saM0 kA0 1158] "samuccayAdiryazvArthaH kazciccAderabhIpsitaH / tadanyasya vikalpAderbhavet tena vyapohanam // " Adizabdena 'vA'zabdasya vikalpo'rthaH 'api'zabdasya padArthA'(?rtha)sambhAvanA'nvavasargAdayaH, 'tu' zabdasya vizeSaNam, evakArasyAvadhAraNamityAdargrahaNam / 'tadanyasya' iti tasmAt samujvayAdanyasya, 'tena' iti cAdinA / 'vAkyArthe'nyanivRttizca vyapadeSTuM na zakyate' iti (69-7) atrApi kAryakAraNabhAvena sambaddhA eva padArthA vAkyArthaH, yato na padArthavyatirikto niravayavaH zabalAtmA vA kalmASavarNaprakhyo vAkyArthI (yahA~ jo tattvasaMgraha kI do kArikAoM kA uddharaNa hai una kArikAoM ke kucha padoM kA vyAkhyAkAra arthanirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki) dUsarI kArikA meM 'turya' pada hai usa kA artha hai 'cauthe nakAra kA prayoga karane para'; kyoMki yahA~ 'caturazchacatau AdyakSaralopazca' isa pANinisUtra ke vArttika ke anusAra pUraNa artha meM 'ya' pratyaya hai aura Adi akSara 'ca' kA lopa kiyA gayA hai / tathA, kArikA meM 'tadvivikto'sau' isa aMza kA matalaba yaha hai ki 'niSkriyatAdi se viparIta' / tathA 'vidhivAkyena samamanyanivarttanam' isa vAkya kA matalaba yaha hai ki jaise 'pakAtA hai' isa vidhivAkya se arthata: niSkriyatA kA niSedha buddhigata hotA hai vaise hI do nakAraprayoga se bhI anya kA niSedha arthata: buddhigata ho jAtA hai / yadyapi yahA~ do nakAra ke dikhalAne se hI kAma cala sakatA hai phira bhI spaSTatA ke liye cAra nakAra ko udAharaNa kiyA hai / 'ca' Adi avyayoM se arthataH apoha kA bhAna pahale jo yaha kahA thA - 'ca -vA' Adi avyayoM ke sAtha kabhI nakAra kA anvaya na hone se una avyayoM se apoha kA nirUpaNa zakya nahIM - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai ki - "cAdi avyayoM kA jo samuccayAdi abhipreta artha haiM una ke pratipAdana ke sAtha hI vikalpAdi kA apoha arthata: ho jAtA hai / " [tAtparya, samuccaya ko jatAne ke liye jaba 'ca' kA prayoga hotA hai taba yaha sUcita hotA hai ki 'rAma: lakSmaNazca' yahA~ 'rAma aura lakSmaNa' kA samuccaya lenA hai, 'rAma yA lakSmaNa' aisA vikalpa abhipreta nahIM hai / ] yahA~ granthakArane jo tattvasaMgraha kI kArikA ullekhita kI hai usa ke kucha padoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - 'cAdi' meM 'Adi' pada se 'vA' 'api' 'tu' aura evakAra Adi kA grahaNa hai| 'vA' kA artha hai vikalpa / 'api' zabda kA padArthasambhAvanA, anvavasarga-prazna ityAdi artha hai / 'tu' zabda kA vizeSaNa artha hai / evakAra kA avadhAraNa artha hai / kArikA meM jo 'tadanyasya' hai usakA artha hai samuccaya se anya / 'tena' pada kA artha hai cAdi avyayoM ke dvaaraa| tathA, yaha jo pahale kahA thA - pUre vAkya se vicitrasvarUpa vAkyArtha kA hI pratipAdana hotA hai, apoha kA nirUpaNa vAkya se azakya hai - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai - vAkyArtha kyA hai ? kArya-kAraNabhAva se sambaddha aneka padArtha hI vAkyArtha hotA hai / padArtharUpa avayavoM se bhinna svatantra niravayava vaividhyauparaJjita kalmASavarNa

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120 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'sti, upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasya tAdRzasyAnupalabdheH padArthasya cApoharUpatvaM siddhmev| tathAhi - 'caitra! gAmAnaya' ityAdivAkye (70-3) caitrAdipadArthavyatirekeNa buddhau nAnyo'rthaH parivarttate caitrAdyarthagatau ca sAmarthyAd caitrAdivyavacchedo gamyate; anyathA yadyanyaka;divyavacchedo nAbhISTaH syAt tadA caitrAdInAmupAdAnamanarthakameva syAt / tatazca na kiJcit kazcid vyavaharediti nirIhameva jagat syAt / ___ 'ananyApohazabdAdau vAcyaM na ca nirUpyate' (70-5) iti - atra; na patra bhavadabhimato jA- tyAdilakSaNo vidhirUpaH zabdArthaH paramArthato'vasIyate, jAtyAdeniSiddhatvAt / - [ta0 saM0 1163] "kintu vidhyavasAyyasmAd vikalpo jAyate dhvaneH / pazcAdapohabdArthaniSedhe jAyate matiH // - yadyanapohazabdAdapohazabdArthaniSedhe matirjAyate itISyate na tahapohazabdArtho'bhyupagantavyaH tasya niSiddhatvAt - asadetat, (ta0 saM0 1164) "sa tvasaMvAdakastAmbastusambandhahAnitaH / na zAbdAH pratyayAH sarve bhUtArthAdhyavasAyinaH // 'saH' iti ananyApohazabdAdiH, 'asaMvAdakaH' iti na saMvadatItyasaMvAdakaH, na vidyate trA(vA) jaisA koI vAkyArtha hai hI nahIM / agara hotA to upalabdhi yogya hone se usa kA upalambha bhI avazya hotA, kintu nahIM hotA hai, ata: svatantra vAkyArtha asiddha hai / jaba vAkyArtha padArthamaya hI hai to padArtha ko to hamane apoharUpa siddha kara hI diyA hai| dekhiye - 'he caitA ! gau ko le Ava' aise vAkya meM caitA vyakti, gau Adi padArthoM se bhinna koI vAkyArtha, buddhi meM pratibimbita nahIM hotA / aura 'caitA' Adi padArtha buddhigata hone para arthata: caitAbhinna 'maitA' Adi kA vyavaccheda bhAsatA hI hai / yadi vAkyArtha meM prastuta karttA se bhinna kartA Adi kA vyavaccheda abhipreta na hotA to 'caitA' kahane para bhI maitAdi kA vyavaccheda iSTa na hone se una ko bhI gau-AnayanAdi ke liye preraNA phalita ho jAtI, phalata: vAkyaprayoga hI vyartha ho jAne se koI bhI kisI pada-vAkya kA prayoga-vyavahAra hI kara nahIM pAtA aura jagat avAk yAnI vivakSAdi icchA se zUnya ho jAtA / ananyApohazabda se apoha ke niSedha kA bhAna* yaha jo kahA thA - 'ananyApoha' zabda se anyApoha kA niSedha hone se vidhirUpa artha hI vAcya banegA, anyApoha vAcya nahIM bana sakegA - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai - jAti Adi kA to pahale nirasana ho gayA hai isa liye paravAdimAnya jAti Adi vidhirUpa artha to vAstava meM yahA~ ('ananyApoha' zabda se) bhAsita ho nahIM sakatA / taba kyA bhAsatA hai ? isa prazna kA uttara eka kArikA se yaha diyA gayA hai ki "ananyApoha zabda se sirpha (kAlpanika) vidhirUpa artha ko sparza karane vAlA (vastu-aspazI) vikalpa hI utpanna hotA hai aura usa ke bAda 'yahA~ apoha zabdArtha nahIM hai| aisA niSedha hI (ananyApoha zabda se) jJAta hotA hai / " yadi zaMkA ho ki - yadi vahA~ 'apoha zabdArtha nahIM hai' aisI buddhi hotI hai taba to apoha ko zabdArtha nahIM mAnanA cAhiye, kyoMki usa kA to niSedha huA hai| - to yaha zaMkA galata hai, isa kA kAraNa eka kArikA se dikhAyA gayA hai, usa kI vyAkhyA meM usa kArikA ke padoM kA artha aisA likhA hai - 'saH' yAnI 'anyApoha' zabda Adi / 'asaMvAdakaH' zabda kA artha do taraha se kahA hai -1 jo kucha bhI saMvAdana nahIM karatA, athavA 2 jisa kA kisI ke sAtha kucha saMvAda hI nahIM hai / kArikA kA tAtparyArtha yaha hai ki 'ananyApoha' zabda kisI

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 sNvaado(syetysNvaa)dkH| kasmAt ! 'vastusambandhahAnitaH' = tathAbhUtavastusambandhAbhAvAt pUrvaM hi jAtyAdilakSaNasya zabdArthavastuno niSiddhatvAt (30-4) / yadyevaM tarhi kathamanyApohazabdAdibhyo'pohazabdArthaniSedhe matirupajAyata iti ? ucyate, vitathavikalpAbhyAsavAsanAprabhavatayA hi kecana zAbdAH pratyayAH asadbhUtArthanivezino jAyanta eva iti na tazAd vastUnAM sadasattA siddhayati / yacca 'prameya-jJeyazabdAdeH' (70-8) iti, atra kasya prameyAdizabdasyApohyaM nAstItyabhidhIyate ! yadi tAvadavAkyasthaprameyAdizabdamAzrityocyate tadA siddhasAdhyatA, kevalasya prayogAbhAvAdeva nirarthakatvAt / yataH zrotRjanAnugrahAya prekSAvadbhiH zabdaH prayujyate na vyasanitayA, na ca kevalena prayuktena zrotuH kazcit saMdeha-viparyAsanivRttilakSaNonugrahaH kRto bhavet / tathAhi - yadi zrotuH kvacidarthe samutpannau saMzaya-vipa sau nivartya nissaMdigdhapratyayamutpAdayet pratipAdakaH, evaM tenAnugrahaH kRto bhaved nAnyathA / na ca kevalena zabdena prayuktena tathA'nugrahaH zakyate kartum, tasmAt saMzayAdinivarttane nizcayotpAdane ca zroturanubhI artha kA saMvAdaka-vAcaka nahIM hai yAnI arthazUnya hai / usa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki aise zabdoM kA kisI bhI vastu ke sAtha koI sambandha hI nahIM hotA, jAti Adi ko usa ke artharUpa meM grahaNa karanA azakya hai kyoMki zabdArtharUpa se abhipreta jAti Adi koI vastu hai hI nahIM, pahale hI usa kA niSedha ho cukA hai / prazna : jaba ananyApoha zabda nirarthaka hai to usa se 'apohazabdArtha ke niSedha' rUpa artha kA bhAna kaise hotA hai ? uttara : kucha zAbdika pratItiyA~ aisI hotI hai jo mithyA vikalpoM kA adhikatara abhyAsa paDa jAne para usa kI vAsanA se utpanna hone ke kAraNa apAramArthika arthoM ko adhyavasita kara letI haiM, lekina una se kisI vastu kA sattva yA asattva siddha nahIM ho sakatA / prameya Adi zabdoM kA vAkyabAhya prayoga nahIM tathA yaha jo kahA thA - vastumAtra prameyasvarUpa hone se 'prameya' Adi zabdoM kA koI apohya hI na hone se 'apoha' usa kA vAcya nahIM banegA - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai ki 1 'prameya' zabda kA vAkya ke bAhara hI svatantra prayoga kiyA jAya taba kI yaha bAta hai yA 2 - vAkya ke antargata usa kA prayoga ho taba kI ? pahale vikalpa meM, vAkya-bahirbhUta 'prameya' zabda ko lekara agara Apa usa ke apohya na hone kI bAta karate haiM, to yahA~ siddhasAdhana doSa hai / kAraNa, jisa kA koI na koI apohya rahatA hai usI zabda kA svatantra prayoga hotA hai jaise 'kamala' Adi zabda, kyoMki usa se akamala Adi ke bAre meM utpanna saMzaya yA viparyAsa kI nivRtti hotI hai| jina ke prayoga se kisI saMzayAdi kI nivRtti nahIM hotI, aise 'prameya' Adi zabdoM kA svatantrarUpa se prayoga nirarthaka hone se koI karatA nahIM hai / kAraNa, ziSTa loka sirpha zaukha ke liye zabdaprayoga nahIM karate haiM kintu zrotA ko kucha saMzayAdinivRttisvarUpa bodhAnugraha karane ke liye zabdaprayoga karate haiM / kevala 'prameya' Adi zabdaprayoga karane se zrotA ko na to koI saMzaya dUra hotA hai, na kucha bhrama dUra hone kA anugraha hotA hai / dekhiye, zrotA ko yadi kisI prameya ke bAre meM aprameya hone kA saMzaya yA bhrama huA ho to usa ko dUra kara ke asaMdigdha pratIti karAne ke liye vaktA prayatna kare to isa prakAra hI zrotA kA anugraha ho sakatA

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122 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam grahAt zabdaprayogasAphalyamiti vAkyasthasyaivAsya prayogaH / atha vAkyasthameva jJeyAdizabdamadhikRtyocyate, tad asiddham, tatra hi vAkyasthena prameyAdizabdena yadeva mUDhamatibhiH saMzayasthAnamiSyate tadeva nivartyata ityato'siddhametat 'prameyAdizabdAnAM nivatyai nAsti' iti; anyathA, yadi zrotA na kvacidarthe saMzeta tat kimiti parasmAdupadezamapekSate ? nizcayArthI hi paraM pRcchati anyathonmattaH syAt / 'yadi nAma zroturAzaMkAsthAnamasti tathApi zandena tana nivartyate' ityetacca na vaktavyam, zrotRsaMskArAyaiva zabdAnAM prayogAt tadasaMskArakaM vadato vaknuH - anyathA - unmattattAprasaktiH / tathAhi - "kiM kSaNikA'nAtmAdirUpeNa jJeyA bhAvAH, Ahozvina' 'kiM sarvajJacetasA grAhyA uta na' ityAdisaMzayodbhUtau 'kSaNikatvAdirUpeNa jJeyAH sarvadharmAH' tathA 'sarvajJajJAnavijJeyAH' iti saMzayavyudAsArtha zabdAH prayujyanta iti / yadi(da)kSaNikatvA'jJeyatvAdi samAropitaM tad nivartyate, kSaNikatvAdirUpeNa teSAM pramANasiddhatvAt / hai, dUsare kisI DhaMga se anugraha zakya nahIM hai| kintu aprameya kA kabhI saMzaya aura bhrama kisI ko hotA nahIM hai, ata: kevala 'prameya' zabda ke prayoga se zrotA ko tathAvidha anugraha karanA zakya hI nahIM hai / niSkarSa, saMzayAdi kI nivRtti aura nizcaya ke utpAdana ke dvArA zrotA para anugraha karane se zabdaprayoga kI saphalatA hotI hai, jo kevala 'prameya' zabdaprayoga karane se zakya na hone ke kAraNa vAkya-antargata hI usa kA prayoga sArthaka hotA hai / ___ vAkyastha prameyAdizabdoM kA nivartya * dUsare vikalpa meM, vAkyAntargata 'prameya' Adi zabdoM kA koI apohya nahIM hai - aisA yadi kahate haiM, to vaha asiddha hai / kAraNa, mUDhamatiyoM ke dvArA prameyAdi ke bAre meM jo kucha saMzayApana kara diyA gayA ho vahI usa kA nivartya hotA hai / (kaise ? yaha abhI kucha paMkti ke bAda batAyeMge / ) yadi aisA na ho - zrotA ko usa ke bAre meM kucha bhI saMzaya hI na ho to vaha kyoM usake bAre meM vaktA ke kathana kI apekSA karegA ? jisa ko kucha viSaya meM zaMkA ho aura usa bAre meM nizcaya kI icchA ho vahI dUsare ko pUchegA, nizcaya kI icchA ke vinA aise hI pUchegA to loga use pAgala samajheMge / aisA kaheM ki- 'yadyapi zrotA ko kucha zaMkAsthAna jarUra ho sakatA hai kintu vaktA ke zabdaprayoga se usakI nivRtti nahIM hotI'- to aisA kahanA anucita hai, kyoMki koI bhI prabuddha vaktA zrotA ko satya hakIkatoM kA saMskAra dene ke liye hI zabdoM kA prayoga karatA hai / saMskArapradAnarUpa prayojana ke vinA hI vaktA aisA kucha bola degA jisa se zrotA ko kucha bhI saMskAra lAbha na ho- to aise vaktA ko bhI loga pAgala maaneNge| tAtparya. zaMkA sthAnarUpa nivartya kI nivatti ke liye hI vaktA zabdaprayoga karatA hai / prastuta meM udAharaNarUpa se dekhiye, kisI ko aisI zaMkA hai - 'pudralAdi bhAva kSaNikatvarUpa se yA anAtmatvarUpa se jJeya hai ? yA nahIM hai ?' athavA aisI zaMkA hai- 've padArtha sarvajJajJAna se grAhya(=jJeya) haiM ? yA nahIM ?' isa prakAra saMzaya hone para, usa jJeyatvAbhAvarUpa saMzayArUDha nivartya kI nivRtti ke liye vaktA aisA zabdaprayoga karatA hai ki 'sarva dharma (=padArtha) kSaNikatvAdirUpa se jJeya haiM / yA 'sarvajJajJAna se vijJeya haiM / aise vAkyoM meM 'jJeya' zabda ke prayoga se, zrotA dvArA vastu meM Aropita akSaNikatva yA ajJeyatvAdi saMzayArUDha sthAnoM kI spaSTata: nivRtti ho jAtI hai, kyoMki vastumAtra kSaNikatvAdirUpa se pramANasiddha (=prameya) hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 123 atha 'kimanityatvena zabdAH prameyA iti Ahozcina' iti prastAve 'prameyAH' iti prayoge prakaraNAnabhijJasyApi pratipattuH 'prameyAH' iti kevalaM zabdazravaNAt plavamAnarUpA zabdAdibuddhirupajAyata eva / tad yadi kevalasya zabdasyArtho nAstyeva tat kathamarthapratipattirbhavati ? naiva kevalazabdazravaNAdarthapratipatiH, kimiti(? kintu) vAkyeSUpalabdhasyArthavataH zabdasya sAdRzyenApahRtabuddheH kevalazabdazravaNAdarthapratipatyabhimAnaH / tathAhi - yeSveva vAkyeSu 'prameya' zabdamupalabdhavAn zrotA tadartheSveva sA buddhirapratiSThitArthA plavamAnarUpA samupajAyate, tacca ghaTAdizabdAnAmapi tulyam / tathAhi - 'kiM ghaTenodakamAnayAmi utAJjalinA' iti prayoge prastAvAnabhijJasya yAvatsu vAkyeSu tena 'ghaTena' iti prayogo dRSTastAvatsvartheSu AkAMkSAvatI pUrvavAkyAnusArAdeva pratipattirbhavatIti ghaTAdizabdA (iva) viziSTArthavacanAH prameyAdizabdAH / yaduktam - 'apohakalpanAyAM ca' ityAdi (71-3), tatra vastveva hyadhyavasAyavazAcchabdArthatvena * svatantra 'prameya' zabda kA arthabodha kaise ?* prazna :- 'zabda anityatvAdirUpa se prameya hai yA nahIM hai' isa jijJAsA ke samAdhAna meM kisIne prameya hai aisA kaha diyA / usa vakta prakaraNAdi ko (kauna se prazna kA yaha uttara hai- aisA kucha bhI) na jAnanevAlA bhI sirpha 'prameya' aisA uttara sunatA hai / sunane ke bAda usa ko usa zabda se anizcayAtmaka zabdAdiarthaviSayaka buddhi utpanna hotI hai / yahA~ apohavAdI ko prazna hai ki jaba svatantra 'prameya' zabda kA koI artha hI nahIM hai taba prakaraNAdi na jAnane vAle ko jo kevala 'prameya' zabda se arthabodha hotA hai vaha kaise hotA hai ? uttara :- vahA~ kevala 'prameya' zabda sunane mAtra se arthabodha nahIM hotA, kintu pUrvakAla meM sune hue, vAkyAntargata 'prameya' zabda ke sAdRzya se yahA~ zrotA kI buddhi uparaJjita ho jAne ke kAraNa, pUrvazruta vAkyAntargata 'prameya' zabdajanita arthabodha ke tulya arthabodha kA, prastuta meM kevala 'prameya' zabda sunane para abhimAna (bhrama) ho jAtA hai| dekhiye - zrotAne pahale jina vAkyoM meM prameya zabda ko suna kara jisa artha kA anubhava kiyA hotA hai, unhIM vAkyoM ke arthoM meM, 'prameya' zabda kA jo artha bodha kiyA ho usI artha meM anizcayAtmaka buddhi kevala 'prameya' zabda ko suna kara jAgrata hotI hai / aura aisA to ghaTAdizabdoM ke liye bhI ho sakatA hai to 'prameya' zabda meM kyA vizeSatA ? dekhiye- kisIne pUchA ki 'ghaTase jala lAU~ yA aMjali se' ? aba prastuta kyA hai yaha nahIM jAnanevAle zrotA ne sirpha 'ghaTa se' itanA hI sunA hai / aise zrotA ko 'ghaTa se' isa pada se kyA bhAna hogA ? pahale jina vAkyoM meM usane 'ghaTa se' aisA pada sunA hogA, una vAkyoM meM, anyapadArthoM ke sAtha jisa prakAra kI anvayAkAMkSA se ghaTita 'ghaTa se' isa pada se jaisA bodha huA hogA, vaisA hI bodha abhI usako hotA hai / tAtparya, kevala ghaTAdi zabdoM ke zravaNa se, jaise pUrvAnubhava ke anusAra viziSTa artha kA hI bodha hotA hai aura tadanya kA apoha hotA hai, usI prakAra kevala 'prameya' Adi zabdazravaNa se bhI pUrvAnubhava ke anusAra viziSTa artha kA hI bodha hotA hai aura tadanya kA apoha hotA hai / * apohavAda meM zabdArthavyavasthA kI vyApakatA* pahale jo yaha kahA thA ki apohya kI kalpanA karane kI apekSA to vastu ko hI zabdArtha mAna lenA acchA hai yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai ki vaktA ke dvArA pUrva-pUrvatara adhyavasAya ke prabhAva se zabdArtharUpa se vastu

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124 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kalpitaM yad vivakSitaM nA'vastu, tena tatpratItau sAmarthyAdavivakSitasya vyAvRttiradhigamyata eveti nA'vyApiNI zabdArthavyavasthA / yadeva ca mUDhamaterAzaMkAsthAnaM tadevAdhikRtyoktamAcAryeNa (71-2) "(a)jJeyaM kalpitaM kRtvA tadvayavacchedena jJeye'numAnam' [hetu0- ] iti| 'jJAnAkAraniSedhAcca' ityAdau (71-8) jJAnAkArasya svasaMvedanapratyakSasiddhatvAt kathamabhAvaH ? tathAhi - svapnAdiSu arthamantareNApi nirAlambanamagRhItArthAkArasamAropakaM jJAnamAgopAlamatisphuTaM svasaMvedanapratyakSasiddham / na ca deza-kAlAnantarAvasthito'rthastena rUpeNa saMvedyata iti yuktaM vaktum, tasya tadrUpAbhAvAt / na cAnyena rUpeNAnyasya saMvedanaM yuktam, atiprasaMgAt / kiJca, avazyaM bhavadbhiAnasyAtmagataH kazcid vizeSo'rthakRto'bhyupagantavyaH yena bodharUpatAsAmye'pi prati viSayaM 'nIlasyedaM saMvedanam na pItasya' iti vibhAgena vibhajyate jJAnam / tadabhyupagame ca sAmarthyAt sAkArameva jJAnamabhyupagataM syAt AkAravyatirekeNAnyasya svabhAvavizeSatvenAvadhArayitumazakyatvAt, ato bhavatA 'svabhAvavizeSaH' iti sa eva zabdAntareNoktaH asmAbhistu 'AkAraH' iti kevalaM nAmni vivAdaH / "evamittham' ityAdAvapi (71-10) 'evametannaivam' iti vA prakArAntaramAropitamevam ityAhI kalpita kI gayI hai jo usa ko vivakSita hotI hai, avastu kabhI vivakSita nahIM hotI / ata: ukta upAlambha nirarthaka hai / vivakSAke anusAra jaba vivakSita vastu kA bhAna hotA hai taba arthata: avivakSita vastu kA vyavaccheda bhI avagata ho jAtA hai / ata: apoha ko zabdArtha mAnane para kahIM bhI zabdArthavyavasthA kA bhaMga nahIM hotA / hetumukhaprakaraNakAra AcArya ne bhI, mugdha buddhivAle logoM ko jisa kI zabdArtharUpa se AzaMkA paidA huyI ho usako sAmane rakhakara kahA hai ki- 'zabdaprayoga se pUrvakalpita (yAnI zabdArtharUpa se AzaMkita) ajJeya ke vyavaccheda karane dvArA jJeya vastu kA anumAna karAyA jAtA hai|' __ yaha jo kahA thA - 'Antarika padArtha hone se jJAna kA koI AkAra nahIM hotA ata: usakA pratipAdana yA vyavaccheda zabda se zakya nahIM'- yahA~ apohavAdI prazna karatA hai ki jJAnAkAra jaba apane saMvedana se pratyakSasiddha hai taba usakA niSedha kaise ? dekhiye - svapna meM kisI azvAdi artha ke vinA hI, artharUpa Alambana se zUnya hone para bhI mAna lo ki artha ke AkAra kA samAropa hI grahaNa kara liyA na ho - aisA jJAna alpajJa gvAla Adi ko bhI atyanta spaSTarUpa se hotA hai yaha apane apane saMvedana se pratyakSasiddha bAta hai / yadi naiyAyikAdi anyathAkhyAtivAdI yahA~ aisA kaheM ki 'svapnajJAna nirAlambana nahIM hotA, bhinna deza-kAlavattI' azvAdi padArtha hI vahA~ tatkAlIna aura taddezIyarUpa se anubhUta hotA hai'- to yaha ayukta hai, kyoMki bhinna dezakAlavartI azvAdi meM tatkAlInatva aura taddezIyatvasvarUpa kI gandha bhI nahIM hai| jo rUpa jisa meM nahIM hai, yadi usa rUpa se bhI usakA saMvedana mAnya kiyA jAya taba to manuSyAdi kA gardabhAdirUpa se saMvedana..... ityAdi bahu asamaJjasa mAnanA pddegaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki sAlambana jJAna meM arthakRta kucha na kucha vizeSa to Apa logoM ko bhI mAnanA paDegA jisa se ki jJAnarUpatA samAna hone para bhI viSayabheda hone para jJAnoM kA aisA spaSTa vibhAga kiyA jA sake ki 'yaha jJAna pIta kA hai' aura 'yaha nIla kA' / jaba aise kisI vizeSa ko mAneMge taba usake phalasvarUpa jJAna kI sAkAratA bhI mAnya ho jAyegI / kAraNa, arthakRta svabhAvavizeSa kA, AkAra ke vinA anya kisI rUpa se pIchAna karAnA azakya hai| yaha to zabdabhedamAtra hI huA ki Apa jisako 'svabhAvavizeSa' kahate haiM hama usako hI 'AkAra' kahate haiM, arthabheda to kucha hai nahIM, taba sirpha nAmamAtra kA vivAda rahA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 125 dizabdairvyavacchidyamAnaM sphuTataramavasIyate ceti nA'vyApitA zabdArthavyavasthAyAH / evaM kumArilenoktaM dUSaNaM prativihitam / idAnImuddayotakareNoktaM pratividhIyate- tatra yaduktam 'sarvazabdasya kazcArtho vyavacchedyaH prakalpyate' iti, (72-4) atrApi jJeyAdipadavat kevalasya sarvazabdasyA'prayogAt vAkyasthasyaiva nityaM prayogaH iti yadeva mUDhamaterAzaMkAsthAnaM tadeva nivartyamasti / tathAhi- [ta. saM. 1185] "sarve dharmA nirAtmAnaH sarve vA puruSA gatAH / sAmastyaM gamyate tatra kazcidaMzastvapohyate // " ko'sAvaMzo yo'pohyate'tra iti cet ? ucyate - [ta0 saM0 1186] "kecideva nirAtmAno bAhyA iSTA ghaTAdayaH / gamanaM kasyaciccaiva bhrAntaistadvinivartyate // " ____ 'ekAdyasarvam' ityAdAvapi (72-6) yadi hi sarvasyAGgasya pratiSedho vAkyasye sarvazabde vivakSitaH syAt tadA svArtho[]pohaH prasajyate yAvatA yadeva mUDhadhiyA zaMkitaM tadeva niSidhyate iti kutaH svArthApavAditvadoSaprasaMgaH ? evaM dvayAdizabdeSvapi vAcyam / yaha jo kahA thA- "evam-ittham' ityAdi zabdoM kA koI apohya hI nahIM hai ata: apoha zabdArthavyavasthA kA bhaMga hogA' - yaha bAta bhI galata hai| kAraNa, 'evam' yA 'ittham' zabda kA artha yaha kiyA jAtA hai ki 'isa prakAra kA yaha hai, anya prakAra kA nahIM' / yahA~ 'evam' ityAdi zabdoM se, Aropita prakArAntara kA vyavaccheda adhika spaSTarUpa se hI avagata hotA hai / ata: apoha zabdArtha-vyavasthA yahA~ bhI vyApaka hI hai / isa taraha - (pR. 43-3) nanvanyApohakRcchabdo.... se lekara 'iti nyAyAt' (pR. 72-2) paryanta kumArIla ne jo apohavAda meM doSAropaNa kiyA thA usakA vistAra se pratikAra pUrA huaa| udyotakara ke AkSepoM kA pratikAra aba udyotakara ke kathana kA pratikAra kiyA jAtA hai / usane jo kahA thA- 'sarva' zabda kA vyavacchedya kyA mAneMge ? isa kA uttara pahale prameya-jJeyAdi ke bAre meM jaisA hamane batAyA hai vahI hai ki kevala 'sarva' zabda ke prayoga kA koI artha nahIM hotA, vAkyAntargata hI usakA harahameza prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / ata: mugdhamati nara kA jo AzaMkita sthAna hotA hai vahI 'sarca' pada kA nivartya hotA hai / dekhiye - (tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai-) 'sabhI' dharma Atmavikala hote haiM- sabhI puruSa gaye... ityAdi meM 'sabhI' pada se samastabhAva kA avagama hotA hai aura kazcidaMza yAnI kucha aMza kA apoha hotA hai / 'vaha kaunasA aMza hai jisa kA 'sabhI' pada se apoha hotA hai ?' isakA uttara yaha hai ki (tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai) yaha bhrAnti hI sarvapada kA nivartya hai / [tAtparya, bhrAnti se AzaMkita 'kucha' padArtha 'sabhI' pada kA nivartya hai / ] svArthApavAda Adi doSoM kA nirAkaraNa pahale jo yaha kahA thA ki- "ekAdi asarvavastu kA 'sarva zabda se apoha mAneMge to usameM 'sarva' zabda ke apane artha kA hI apavAda = apoha prasakta hogA" - yahA~ bhI apohavAdI kahatA hai, vAkyagata 'sarva' zabda ke dvArA yadi pUre aMgoM kA niSedha kiyA jAya taba to sarvazabda ke vAcyArtha ke apoha kI prasakti kI bAta ThIka hai, lekina hama to 'sarva' zabda se sirpha usI aMga kA niSedha karate haiM jo kisI mUDhamati ke dvArA sarvazabda ke artharUpa meM AzaMkita hai, taba yahA~ svArthApavAditva kI Apatti kahA~ huyI ? 'dvi' Adi zabdoM se bhI isI taraha mUDhamati dvArA zaMkita aMga kA niSedha mAnane se koI Apatti nahIM rhtii|

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126 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yacvoktam - "kiM bhAvo'thAbhAvaH' ityAdi (73-4) tatrApi yathA'sau bAhyarUpatayA bhrAntairavasIyate na tathA sthita iti bAhyarUpatvAbhAvAna bhAvaH, na cAbhAvo bAhyavastutayA'vya(dhya)vasitatvAt iti kathaM 'yadi bhAvaH sa kiM gauH' ityAdi(de) vapakSabhAvinaH (73-5) 'preSa-sampratipattyorabhAvaH' ityAdevAbhAvapakSabhAvino (73-6) doSasyAvakAzaH ? atha pRthaktvaikatvAdilakSaNaH kasmAna bhavati ? vyatireko(kAs) vyatirekAzritA'nAzritatvAdivastugatadharmANAM kalpanAzilpighaTitavigrahe'pohe'sambhavAt / __yaccoktam - 'kriyArUpatvAdapohasya viSayo vaktavyaH' iti, (73-9) tadasiddham zabdavAcyasyApohasya pratibimbAtmakatvAt / tacca pratibimbakamadhyavasitabAhyavasturUpatvAd na pratiSedhamAtramaH ata eva 'kiM goviSayaH athA'goviSaya(ta!): ityasya (73-9) vikalpadvayasyAnupapattiH goviSayatvenaiva tasya vidhirUpatayA'dhyavasIyamAnatvAt / / yaccoktam - 'kena hyagotvamAsaktaM goryenaitadapohyate' iti, (74-2) atrApi, yadi hi prA aura jo yaha kahA thA [pR0 73-17] gozabda kA artha [jo 'ago rUpa nahIM', aisA pahale dikhAyA hai vaha] bhAvAtmaka hai yA abhAvAtmaka... ityAdi, yahA~ apohavAdI yaha kahatA hai ki gozabdArtha jisa prakAra 'bhrAnta logoM ke dvArA bAhyArtha ke rUpa meM anubhUta hotA hai vaisA to vaha hai nahIM kyoMki [pratibimbAdirUpa] apoha meM bAhyarUpatA hai hI nahIM ata: usako bhAvAtmaka [yAnI bAhyabhAvAtmaka] nahIM mAnate haiN| phira bhI vaha bAhyavasturUpa se bhrAnta logoM ko anubhUta hotA hai isaliye abhAvarUpa bhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki jo tuccha hai vaha kabhI anubhUti kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA / taba jo pahale bhAvapakSa meM ye doSa batAye gaye the ki gozabdArtha bhAvarUpa hogA to gosvarUpa hogA yA agosvarUpa ? yadi agosvarUpa kahate haiM to Apake kauzalya ko dhanyavAda..... ityAdi; tathA abhAvapakSa meM jo doSa kahe gaye the ki abhAvAtmaka zabdArtha mAneMge to 'vaktA ke dvArA zrotA kA kisI artha meM preraNa' rUpa praiSa aura sampratipatti [=zrotA ke dvArA usakA amala] ityAdi nahIM ghaTegA... ye ubhayapakSa ke doSa aba kaise sAvakAza ho sakate haiM ? prazna :- goAdi zabda kA pRthaktva yA ekatvAdi artha kyoM nahIM mAna lete ? uttara :- pRthaktva yAnI bheda aura ekatva yAnI abheda... tathA Azritatva, anAzritatva Adi ye saba vastu ke dharma haiM, avastusvarUpa apoha jo sirpha kalpanArUpa zilpI se hI banAyA gayA hai, usa meM vastu ke dharmoM kA niveza sambhava nahIM hai| apoha kriyAtmaka nahIM pratibimbAtmaka hai* __pahale jo yaha kahA thA - apoha niSedhakriyArUpa hone se go usa kA viSaya hai yA ago !... ityAdi, yaha saba nirarthaka hai, cUMki apohabAda meM zabdavAcya apoha kriyArUpa na ho kara pratibimbAtmaka hai yaha pahale hI kaha diyA hai / tathA pratibimbAtmaka apoha bAhya vastu kA adhyavasAyI hone se niSedhAtmaka ho nahIM sktaa| phalata: 'vaha go kA niSedha karatA hai yA ago kA' aise vikalpayugala ko avakAza hI nahIM hai| kAraNa, pratibimbAtmaka apoha goviSayaka hone se vidhirUpa se hI bAhyArtha kA adhyavasAyI hai| aura bhI jo yaha kahA thA - 'goartha meM agotva kA prasaMjana kisane kiyA thA ki jisase, gozabda

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 127 dhAnyenAnyanivRttimeva zabdaH pratipAdayet tadaitat syAt yAvatArya(?)pratibimbakameva zabdaH karoti, tadtau ca sAmarthyAdanyanivarttanaM gamyata iti siddhAntAnabhijJatayA yatkaJcidabhihitam / vyatirekA'vyatirekAdivikalpaH pUrvameva nirastaH / / yaduktam - 'kimayamapoho vAcyaH' ityAdi(75-1); tatrAnyApohe 'vAcyatvam' iti vikalpo yadyanyApohazabdamadhikRtyAbhidhIyate tadA vidhirUpeNaivAsau tena zabdena vAcya ityabhyupagamAnAniSTApattiH / tathAhi - kiM vidhiH zabdArthaH AhosvidanyApohaH' iti prastAve 'anyApohaH zabdArthaH' ityukte pratipatturyathoktapratibimbalakSaNAnyApohAdhyavasAyI pratyayaH samupajAyate arthAnu(tu) vidhirUpazabdArthaniSedhaH / atha ghaTAdizabdamadhikRtya, tatrApi yathoktapratibimbalakSaNo'poha; sAkSAd ghaTAdizabdarupajanyamAnatvAt vi. dhirUpa eva taiH pratipAdyate, sAmarthyAttvanyanivRtteradhigama iti naanissttaapttiH| na cApyanavasthA doSaH (75 ke dvArA usa kA apoha (niSedha) karane kI ceSTA karanI paDe ? - yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai ki 'zabda mukhyarUpa se anya ke niSedha kA hI kAma karatA hai' - itanA hI yadi hama mAnate hote taba yaha prazna ucita thA kintu hama to yaha mAnate haiM ki zabda mukhyarUpa se pratibimba ko utpanna karatA hai, aura usa pratibimba kA bhAna hone para, arthataH anyanivRtti kA avabodha hotA hai| hamAre isa siddhAnta ko samajhe binA Apane jo kucha kahA hai vaha nirarthaka hai / tathA, yaha jo pahale kahA thA ki go meM ago kA apoha go se vyatirikta (pRthaka) hai yA avyatirikta hai... ityAdi, ina vikalpoM kA to abhI hI nirasana kara Aye haiM ki vyatirekAdi saba vastudharma hone se kalpanAzilpI ghaTita apoha meM usa kA prasaMjana vyartha hai| apoha ke vAcyatva - avAcyatva vikalpoM kA uttara __ pahale jo yaha kahA thA - "apoha vAcya hai yA avAcya 1 vAcya hai to vidhirUpa se yA anyavyAvRttirUpa se". ityAdi; yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai - yadi 'anyApoha' zabda se vAcya anyApoha ke bAre meM vAcyatva kA vikalpa (=prabha) ho to uttara yaha hai ki yaha vidhirUpa se hI vAcya hai, aura isa meM hameM koI aniSTa prApti nahIM hai / dekhiye - 'vidhi zabdArtha hai yA anyApoha ?' aise prazna ke prastAva meM jaba yaha uttara kareMge ki 'anyApoha zabdArtha hai' taba zrotA ko pUrvoktarIti se pratibimba svarUpa anyApohAdhyavasAyI jJAna utpanna hogaa| isa prakAra vidhirUpa se anyApoha kA vAcyArtharUpa meM bhAna hogA; dUsarI aura 'anyApoha zabdArtha hai' isa vAkya ke zravaNa se arthata: yaha bhI jJAta hogA ki vAstavika 'koI vidhirUpa artha zabdArtha nahIM hai' / [jaise koI pUche ki azva pazu hai yA pakSI ? - uttarameM 'pazu hai' itanA kahane para arthata: 'azva pakSI nahIM hai' aisA jJAna ho jAtA hai / ] pariNAmasvarUpa vidhirUpazabdArtha ke niSedhasvarUpa anyavyAvRtti kA bhI avabodha hotA hai| isameM koI Apatti nahIM hai| ___ 'ghaTa zabda ke artharUpa meM anyApoha vAcya hai yA nahIM' - aisA agara vikalpa (=prabha) ho to uttara yaha hai ki ghaTAdizabdoM ke dvArA unake zravaNa se jo tathAvidha pratibimbasvarUpa apoha kA sAkSAd udaya hotA hai usa kA vidhirUpa se hI ghaTAdizabdoM ke dvArA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai, isa prakAra ghaTAdi zabdoM se pratibimbasvarUpa apoha vAcya hotA hai aura vaha bhI vidhirUpa se vAcya hotA hai / dUsarI ora, arthata: aghaTAdivyAvRtti kA bhI pUrvokta rIti se bhAna hotA hai / yahA~ kucha bhI aniSTApatti nahIM hai / pahale yahA~ anavasthA doSa kA ApAdana kiyA thA vaha bhI niravakAza hai kyoMki anyavyAvRtti svarUpa apoha kA pratipAdana sAkSAt na hokara arthata: hotA hai, sAkSAt vAcyarUpa se usakA pratipAdana hama nahIM mAnate haiN| isa prakAra, vAcyatva vikalpa ke svIkAra meM

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128 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam -4) sAmarthyAdanyanivRttergamyamAnatvAt na tu vAcyatayA / avAcyapakSasyAnaGgIkRtatvAdeva na tatpakSabhAvidoSodayAvakAzaH / 'api caikatva-nityatva' (75 - 9) ityAdAvapi yadi pAramArthikaikatvAdyupavarNanaM kRtaM syAt tadA hAsyakaraNaM bhavataH syAt / yadA tu bhrAntapratipattranurodhena kAlpanikameva tad AcAryeNopavarNitaM tadA kathamiva hAsyakaraNamavatarati viduSaH ? kintu bhavAneva vivakSitamarthamavijJAya dUSayan viduSAmatIva hAsyAspadamupajAyate / 'tasmAd yeSveva zabdeSu natryoga' ityAdAvapi ( 75- 10 ) ' na kevalaM yatra natryogastatrAnyavinivRtyaMzo'vagamyate, yatrApi hi naJyogo nAsti tatrApi gamyata eva' iti svavAcaivaitad bhavatA pratipAditam ' svAtmaiva gamyate' (75-10) ityavadhAraNaM kurvataH, anyathAvadhAraNavaiyarthyameva syAt, yataH 'avadhAraNasAmarthyAdanyApoho'pi gamyate ' iti sphuTataramevAvasIyate / na ca vandhyAsutAdizabdasya bAhyaM koI truTi nahIM hai aura avAcyatva vikalpa svIkRta na hone se usa meM diye gaye doSoM ko bhI avakAza nahIM hai| uparAMta, kumArilane jo dignAgAcAryavacana kA upahAsa karate hue kahA thA ki ( pR0 75-20 ) - " svarUpazUnya (tuccha) apoha meM jAti ke ekatva, nityatva aura sarvAzrayasamavetatva dharmoM kA yojana karanA binA sUtra - tantu ke vastra bunane jaisA hai" yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hai- ekatvAdi dharmoM ko pAramArthika mAna kara agara hamane unakA apoha meM yojana kiyA hotA taba to upahAsa karanA yukta hai, kintu hakIkata aisI hai ki bhrAnta zrotAvarga ko zabda se jJAta hone vAle apoha meM bhrAnti se kAlpanika ekatvAdi kA bhI adhyavasAya hotA hai isaliye AcArya ne bhI kAlpanika ekatvAdi kA hI apoha meM yojana kara dikhAyA hai, isa meM prabuddha vidvAna ko hAsya kA prasaMga hI kyA hai ? saca to yaha hai ki AcArya ke vivakSita artha ko binA samajhe hI Apane (kumArilane) jo upahAsa kA sAhasa kiyA hai vahI hAsyAspada ho gayA hai / naJ pada ke vinA bhI anyanivRtti kA bhAna zakya kumArila ne upasaMhAra meM jo kahA thA "jina zabdoM kA 'naJ' ke sAtha prayoga ho, sirpha una se vidhirUpa kA hI bhAna hotA hai-" yahA~ apohavAdI kahatA hI anyavyAvRtti aMza kA bodha hotA hai, anyatra hai- Apane jo yahA~ vidhirUpa kA 'hI' aisA bhArapUrvaka prayoga kiyA hai, isa apane prayoga se hI Apa arthataH isa bAta kA sUcana kara baiThe haiM ki jahA~ naJprayoga ho, sirpha vahA~ hI anyavyAvRttiaMza kA bodha hotA hai aisA nahIM hai, jahA~ naJprayoga na ho vahA~ bhI usakA bodha ho sakatA hai| kAraNa, vidhirUpa kA 'hI' isa bhArapUrvaka kathana se arthataH vidhirUpase bhinna yAnI niSedharUpa aMza kA Apa svayaM niSedha (= vyAvRtti) karanA cAhate haiM / isa prakAra anicchayA bhI Apa niSedhAMzarUpa anya kI vyAvRtti kA pratipAdana kara baitthe| yadi Apa aisA nahIM mAneMge to Apa kA 'hI' yaha bhArapUrvaka vacana vyartha ho jAyegA, kyoMki bhArapUrvakakathanAtmaka avadhAraNa ke bala se anyApoha bhI buddhigata hotA hai yaha bAta atyanta spaSTarUpa meM avagata hotI hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya'Apa ke mata meM 'vandhyAputra' Adi zabda bhI anyApoha ke hI vAcaka hai, kintu vaha ghaTa nahIM sakatA, kyoMki bandhyAputra jaisA koI artha vizvamAtra meM na hone se, 'vandhyAputra' zabda se vAcya anyApoha kA AzrayabhUta koI bhI bAhya putrAdipadArtha to hai nahI, to nirAzrita anyApoha kA vaha vAcaka kaise hogA ?' to yaha ThIka nahIM -

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 129 sutAdikaM vastvanyavyAvRttamapohAzrayo nAstIti kimadhiSThAno'poho vAcya iti vaktavyam: yato na tadviSayAH zabdA jAtyAdivAcakatvenAzaMkyAH 'vastuvRttInAM hi zabdAnAM kiM rUpamabhidheyam Ahozvit pratibimbam' ityAzaMkA syAdapi, abhAvastu vastuvivekalakSaNa eveti tavRttInAM zabdAnAM kathamiva vastuviSayatvAzaMkA bhavet iti nirviSayatvaM sphuTameva tatra zabdAnAM pratibimbakamAtrotpAdAdavasIyata eva / ata eva 'ye saMketasavyapekSAste'rthazUnyAbhijalpA''hitavAsanAmAtranirmitavikalpapratibimbamAtrAvayotakAH, yathA vandhyAputrAdizabdAH, kalpitArthAbhidhAyinaH saMketasavyapekSAzca vivAdAspadIbhUtA ghaTAdizabdA' iti svabhAvahetuH / yadvA paropagatapAramArthikajAtyAdyarthAbhidhAyakA na bhavanti ghaTAdizabdAH, saMketasApekSatvAt, kalpitArthAbhidhAnavat / na ca hetoranaikAntikatA, kacit sAdhyaviparyaye'nupalambhAt azakyasamayatvAt ananyabhAktvAcceti / pUrva (30-4) svalakSaNAdau saMketA'sambhavasya saMketavaiphalyasya ca prasAdhitatvAna hetoH saMdigdhavipakSavyatirekatA / hai| kAraNa, vandhyAputrAdi (kAlpanika artha) saMbandhI zabdoM ke bAre meM, 'ye jAtivAcaka haiM yA vyaktiAdi ke vAcaka' aisI AzaMkA ko avakAza hI nahIM hotA hai| kisI vastu ke vAcaka (yAnI vastusadRza pratibimba ke utpAdaka) zabdoM ke bAre meM hI aisI zaMkA ko avakAza hotA hai ki 'unakA artha koI bAhyarUpa (artha) hai yA pratibimba ?' vandhyAputrAdirUpa abhAva to vastu se sarvathA vilakSaNa(tuccha)svarUpa hotA hai, ata: una ke vAcakarUpa meM kalpita 'vandhyAputra' Adi zabdoM ke bAre meM 've vastusparzI hai yA nahIM aisI zaMkA ko avakAza hI kahA~ hai ? tAtparya, ve zabda viSayAtIta haiM aura vaise zabdoM se sirpha zabdamAtra ke hI pratibimba kA udaya hotA hai usa se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki vandhyAputrAdizabda vastusparzI nahIM hai| saMketasApekSatA se vikalpapratibimba ke vAcakatva kA anumAna uparoktarIti se 'vandhyAputra' Adi zabdoM meM sirpha kalpanAjanita pratibimbamAtra kA kArakatva siddha hai ata eva usa ke dRSTAnta se yaha svabhAvahetuka anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jo zabda saMketasApekSa hote haiM ve arthazUnya abhijalpa (zabda) mAtra ke bAra bAra prayoga se janita jo vAsanA, usa ke dvArA utpanna vikalpapratibimbamAtra ke (ve zabda) vAcaka hote haiN| udA0 - 'vandhyAputra' Adi zabda kucha na kucha artha bodhita karAne ke liye saMketa sApekSa hote haiM (saMketa ke vinA usa se kisI bhI artha kA bodha hotA nahIM hai) isaliye ve sirpha arthAsparzI vikalpapratibimba mAtra ke hI vAcaka hote haiM / vivAdAspada ghaTAdizabda bhI saMketasApekSa hI hote haiM ata: ve bhI kalpita artha (yAnI arthAkAra pratibimba) ke hI vAcaka ho sakate haiM / yahA~ saMketasApekSatA zabdoM kA svabhAva hai, usIko hetu karake kalpitArthavAcakatva kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai| athavA - anumAnaprayoga isa taraha bhI zakya hai- "ghaTAdi zabda (pakSa) prativAdimAnya vAstavika jAti Adi arthoM ke vAcaka nahIM hote (sAdhya), kyoMki ve saMketasApekSa hote haiM (hetu) / jaise kalpita artha ke vAcaka 'vandhyAputra' Adi abhidhAna (=nAma yA saMjJA)" (udAharaNa) / isa anumAna meM, hetu meM sAdhyadroha kI zaMkA kA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki sAdhya se ulaTA yAnI akalpitArthavAcaka koI bhI siddha hI nahIM hai, jisa se ki usa meM hetu raha jAne se sAdhyadroha kA sambhava ho sake / tathA, kSaNabhaMguratA ke kAraNa akalpitArtha meM saMketa kA saMbhava hI nahIM hai, phalata: akalpitArthavAcaka koI ho nahIM sakatA / tathA, prativAdi ke mata meM itanA to

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130 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atha yathA svalakSaNAdau saMketA'sambhavaH vaiphalyaM ca tathA'pohapakSe'pi, tatazcAkRtasamayatvAt tanmAtradyotakatvamapi zabdAnAM na yuktamityanaikAntikatA prathamahetoH / tathAhi- na prativimbAtmako'pohaH vaktazrotrorekaH sidhyati / na hyanyadIyaM jJAnamaparo'gdirzanaH saMvedayate, pratyAtmaveyatvA(da) jJAnasya / ajJAnavyatiriktazca paramArthataH pratibimbAtmalakSaNo'yohaH / tatazca vaktR-zrotrorekasya saMketaviSayasyAsiddheH kutra saMketaH kriyeta gRhota vA ? na hasiddhe vastuni vaktA saMketaM kartumIzaH, nApi zrotA grahItum atiprasaMgAt / tathAhi - zrotA yat pratipadyate svajJAnArUDhamarthapratibimbakaM na tad vyavahArakAle'nubhUyate tasya kSaNakSayitvena ciraniruddhatvAt, yacca vyavahArakAle'nubhUyate na tat saMketakAle dRSTam anyasyaiva prasiddha hI hai ki jisa zabda ko jisa artha meM saMketita kiyA jAtA hai, usa se bhinna artha kA vaha zabda vAcaka nahIM ho sakatA / [yahI ananyabhAktva hai|] aura hamane yaha batA diyA hai ki vAstava meM kisI bhI svalakSaNAdi artha meM saMketa karanA sambhava nahIM hai aura kSaNabhaMguratA ke kAraNa kadAcit vartamAna artha meM saMketa kara liyA jAya to bhI usa se bhAvi artha kA bodha saMbhava na hone se 'saMketa karanA' niSphala hai| isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki 'kadAcit koI zabda akalpitArtha kA bhI vAcaka kyoM na ho' aisA saMdeha niravakAza hai| yadi aise saMdeha ko avakAza milatA to usa vipakSarUpa meM saMdigdha zabda meM saMketasApekSatA hetu ke raha jAne se vipakSavyAvRtti bhI saMdigdha ho jAne para hetu meM sAdhyadroha kI zaMkA ko avakAza mila jAtA, kintu vipakSa kA saMdeha asaMbhava hone se saMdigdha vipakSavyAvRtti ko bhI yahA~ avakAza nahIM hai, ata: hetu sAdhyadrohI bhI nahIM hai| apohapakSa meM saMketA'sambhavAdi kI AzaMkA pUrvapakSI :- Apane zabdoM meM saMketasApekSatva hetu se pratibimbAtmaka apohamAtra-vAcakatva ko siddha kiyA hai kintu vicAra karane para zabdoM meM apohamAtravAcakatva ghaTa nahIM sakatA / dekhiye- svalakSaNa meM jaise Apane saMketa kA asaMbhava aura vaiphalya dikhAyA hai vaisA apohapakSa meM bhI hai / tAtparya, apoha meM bhI saMketa kA asaMbhava aura vaiphalya hone se apohamAtravAcakatva zabdoM meM nahIM ghaTegA, phira bhI Apa kA kahA huA saMketasApekSatva to vahA~ rahegA, isa prakAra vaha saMketasApekSatva prathama hetu sAdhyadrohI ThaharA / isako vistAra se dekhiye- vaktA kA tattat zabdajanaka apoha (pratibimba) aura zrotA kA tattatzabdajanya apoha, ye donoM eka nahIM ho sakate / kAraNa, eka vyakti ke jJAna kA anya alpadarzI vyakti ko saMvedana hotA nhiiN| jJAna to aisA hai ki jisa vyakti meM utpanna hotA hai usI ko usakA saMvedana hotA hai / pratibimbasvarUpa apoha vAstava meM to jJAnAtmaka hI hai, jJAna se bhinna nahIM hai| kahanA yaha hai ki vaktA aura zrotA, donoM kA sAdhAraNa aisA koI eka apoha rUpa viSaya hI na hone se viSayI yAnI saMketa kahA~ kiyA jAyegA aura kahA~ usa kA grahaNa ho sakegA ? [vaktA apane pratibimba meM saMketa karegA to zrotA ko usakA grahaNa nahIM hogA, zrotA kA pratibimba vaktA ko agRhIta hone se usameM to saMketa kara hI nahIM sakatA / ] asiddha [yAnI ajJAta vastu ke bAre meM na to vaktA saMketa karane ke liye samartha hai aura na zrotA usa ke grahaNa ke liye samartha hai yaha vAstavikatA hai, ise agara nahIM mAneMge to hara eka vastu meM hara eka zabda kA saMketa koI bhI karane laga jAyegA aura zrotA ko bhI kisI eka zabda kA saMketa ajJAta samasta vastu meM grahaNa ho jAyegA- yaha atiprasaMga avArita rahegA / dekhiye- zrotA apane jJAna meM ArUDha jisa arthapratibimba kA bodha karatA hai usa pratibimba kA vaktA ko saMvedana nahIM hotA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 tadAnImanubhUyamAnatvAt / na cAnyatra saMketAdanyena vyavahAro yuktaH atiprasaMgAt / asadetat - yato na paramArthato jJAnAkAro'pi zabdAnAM vAcyatayA'bhISTaH yena tatra saMketAsambhavo doSaH preryaMte, yataH sarva evAyaM zAbdo vyavahAraH svapratibhAsAnurodhena taimirikadvayadvicandradarzanavad bhrAnta iSyate, kevalamarthazUnyAbhijalpavAsanAprabodhAcchabdebhyo'rthAdhyavasAyivikalpamAtrotpAdanAt tatpratibimbakaM zabdAnAM vAcyamityabhidhIyate jananAt na tvabhidheyatayA / tatra yadyapi svasyaivAvabhAsasya vaktRzrotRbhyAM paramArthataH saMvedanam tathApi taimirikadvayasyeva bhrAntibIjasya tulyatvAt dvayorapi vaktR-zrotrorbAhyArthavyavasthAdhyavasAyaH tulya eva / tathAhi - vakturayamabhimAno varttate 'yamevAhamarthaM pratipadye tamevAyaM pratipadyate' vaktA ko jisa arthapratibimba kA saMvedana hotA hai usa kA bhAna zrotA ko nahIM hotA / kAraNa, donoM ko apane apane pratibimba kA hI avabhAsa ho sakatA hai, eka dUsare ke pratibimba kA nahIM / isa sthiti meM vaktA ke dvArA apane pratibimba meM saMketa kiyA jAyegA to vaha vyartha banegA / [ isI taraha zrotA ke dvArA apane pratibimba meM saMketagraha kiyA jAyegA to vaha bhI vyartha banegA isa kA kAraNa Age likhate haiM-] dekhiye- saMketakAla meM zrotA evaM vaktA ko jisa pratibimba kA anubhava hotA hai, vyavahArakAla meM usakA anubhava nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha kSaNabhaMgura hone se cirakAlapUrva naSTa ho cukA hai / aba vyavahArakAla meM jisa kA anubhava hotA hai vaha pahale saMketakAla meM anubhUta nahIM huA hai, kyoMki saMketakAla meM jo anubhUta thA vaha to isa se bhinna hI thA / isa sthi meM, eka vyakti meM saMketa kara rakhA ho to bhI dUsarI vyakti ke dvArA vyavahAra kI upapatti nahIM kI jA sakatI / isa vAstavikatA ko nahIM mAneMge to pUrvokta atiprasaMga anivArya rahegA / AzaMkA nivAraNa ke liye taimirikayugala - dRSTAnta apohavAdIH pUrvapakSI kA yaha kathana galata hai / kAraNa, hamAre mata meM jJAnAkAra bhI vAstava meM zabdavAcya hone kA mAnya nahIM, taba yahA~ saMketa - asaMbhava doSa ke ApAdana se kyA lAbha ? jJAnAkAra meM bhI zabdavAcyatA ke niSedha kA mUla yaha hai ki hamAre mata meM samasta zAbdika vyavahAra apanI apanI bhrAnta pratIti mUlaka hone ke kAraNa bhrAnta hI mAnA jAtA hai / udAharaNa ke liye samajhiye ki timira doSavAlA koI eka AdamI dUsare timiradoSavAle AdamI ko kahatA hai - dekha ! gagana meM do candra haiM / dUsarA bhI kahatA hai, hA~ ThIka bAta hai / yahA~ donoM kA apanA apanA pratibhAsa bhrAnta hone se tanmUlaka zAbdika vyavahAra bhI bhrAnta hotA hai / aise hI samUcA zabda - vyavahAra bhI bhrAnta hI hotA hai phira bhI sirpha arthazUnya abhijalpa kI pUrva pUrva vAsanA kA prabodha hone se, zabdoM ke dvArA bAhyArthAdhyavasAyI vikalpamAtra kI utpatti hone ke kAraNa, zabdajanya usa vikalparUpa pratibimba ko zabdavAcya mAnA jAtA hai- yahAM sirpha utpAdakatA ke kAraNa hI vAcyatA mAnI jAtI hai, na ki vaha pratibimba usakA abhidheya hai isa ke kAraNa / vAstava meM to vahA~ vaktA - zrotA ko apane apane avabhAsa (pratibimba) kA hI saMvedana hotA hai, phira bhI uparokta timirarogIyoM meM timirarogAtmaka bhrAntibIja tulya hone ke kAraNa jaise samAnacandrayugala ke avabhAsa kA bhrama donoM ko hotA hai usI taraha yahA~ bhI anAdivAsanAprabodhAtmaka bhrAntibIja vaktA - zrotA donoM meM tulya hone ke kAraNa donoM vaktA - zrotA ko bAhyArtha (vyavasthA) adhyavasAya eka sAhI hotA hai / matalaba yaha hai ki vaktA ko zabdaprayoga karate vakta aisA abhimAna ( = bhrama ) hotA hai - 131

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132 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam evaM zroturapi yojyam / 'ekArthAdhyavasAyitvaM kathaM vaktR-zrotroH parasparaM viditam' iti na vAcyam, yato yadi nAma paramArthato na viditam tathApi bhrAntibIjasya tulyatvAdastyeva paramArthataH svasaMviditaM pratibimbakam / svapratibhAsAnurodhena ca taimirakadvayavad bhrAnta eva vyavahAro'yamiti niveditam, tenaikArthA'. dhyavasAyavazAt saMketakaraNamupapadyata ev| na cApyAnarthakyaM saMketasya, saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatva(m) pratibimbe vaktRzrotroradhyavasAyAt na prmaarthtH| yaduktam - "vyApakatvaM ca tsyedmissttmaadhyvsaayikm| mithyAvabhAsino hote pratyayAH zabdanirmitAH // " [ta0 saM0 1213] tataH sthitametad na zabdasyAkalpito'rthaH sambhavati / [saMvidvapuranyApohavAdiprajJAkaramatopanyAsaH ] aparastvanyathA pramANayati-iha khalu yad yatra pratibhAti tat tasya viSayaH, yathA'kSaje saMvedane parisphuTaM pratibhAsamAnavapurAtmA nIlAdistadviSayaH / zabda-liMgAnvaye ca darzanaprasave bahirarthasvatattvapratibhAsarahitaM svarUpameva cakAsti, tat tadeva tasya viSayaH / parAkRtabahirarthasparza ca saMvidvapuranyApohaH vastuni zabdaliMgavRtterayogAt / tathAhi- jAti tayorviSayaH, vyaktirvA tadviziSTA ? tatra na tAvadAyaH ki 'jisa artha ko maiM grahaNa karatA hU~ usI ko yaha (zrotA) bhI grahaNa karatA hai|' zrotA ko bhI aisA hI bhrama hotA hai ki 'jisa artha ko maiM grahaNa karatA hU~ usI ko yaha (vaktA) pratipAdana karatA hai|' prazna :- vaktA aura zrotA ko eka artha kA bhrAnta adhyavasAya bhale hotA ho kintu unheM yaha kaise patA calA ki hama donoM ko eka hI artha vijJAta huA hai ? ___uttara :- aisA prazna nirarthaka hai| kAraNa, vAstava meM una donoM ko ekArthAdhyavasAyitA kA bhale bhAna na ho, kintu bhrAntibIja samAna hone ke kAraNa, apane apane vAstavika pratibimba kA to unheM saMvedana hotA hI hai| pahale hI hamane spaSTa kaha diyA hai ki timirarogIyoM kI taraha apane bhrAnta pratibhAsa ke kAraNa ve donoM vaise bhrAnta zabdavyavahAra karate haiM / isa prakAra bhrAnta ekArthAdhyavasAyitA ke bala para (bhrAnta) saMketakriyA kI bhI upapatti ho jAtI hai| kSaNabhaMguratA ko prastuta kara ke yahA~ saMketavyarthatA kA ApAdana bhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki yadyapi pratibimba kSaNabhaMgura hI hai, phira bhI vaktA-zrotA donoM ko vAsanAprabhAva se sva sva pratibimba meM saMketa-vyavahArakAlavyApakatA kA bhI bhrAnta adhyavasAya utpanna hotA hai, paramArtha se to aisA hai hI nhiiN| tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai ki- "ye zabdajanya sabhI buddhiyA~ mithyAjJAnarUpa hI hotI hai aura saMketakriyA kI sArthakatA ke liye apekSita saMketa-vyavahArakAlavyApakatva bhI pratibimba meM adhyavasAya ke bala se iSTa hai / (paramArtharUpa se iSTa nahIM hai|)" samUce apohavAda kA niSkarSa yahI phalita hotA hai ki zabda kA vAcya koI akalpita (vAstavika) artha nahIM hotaa| *saMvedanasvarUpa anyApoha kI vAcyatA-prajJAkaramata zabda kA koI vAstavika vAcyArtha nahIM hai isa bAta ko anyavAdI (=prajJAkara) isa DhaMga se pramANita

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133 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pakSaH, jAterevA'sambhavAt / tathAhi - darzane vyaktireva cakAsti, puraH parisphuTatayA'sAdhAraNarUpAnubhavAt / atha sAdhAraNamapi rUpamanubhUyate 'gau!:' iti - tadasata, zAbaleyAdirUpavivekenApratibhAsanAt / na ca zAbaleyAdirUpameva sAdhAraNamiti zakyaM vaktum, tasya prati(patti?)vyakti mitrarUpopalambhAt / tathA ca parAkRtamidam - [lo0vA AkR. 5-7] "sarvavastuSu buddhizca vyAvRttyanugamAtmikA / jAyate vyAtmakatvena vinA sA ca na yujyate // na cAtrAnyatarA bhrAntirupacAreNa veSyate / dRDhatvAt sarvathA buddhentistad prAntivAdinAm iti||" 'vyAtmikA buddhiH' iti yadIndriyabuddhimabhipretyocyate tadayuktam, tasyA asAdhAraNarUpatvAt, na hi dvayorvahirlAhyAkAratayA parisphuTamudbhAsamAnayostadabhinaM bhinaM vA darzanArUDhaM sAdhAraNaM rUpamAbhAti / atha kalpanAbuddhaH DhyAkArA abhidhIyate / tathAhi - yadi nAmApAstakalpane darzane na jAtirudbhAti karatA hai- prastuta carcA meM pahale to isa bAta para dhyAna denA cAhiye ki jisa saMvedana meM jo avabhAsita hotA ho usIko usa saMvedana kA viSaya mAnanA cAhiye / jaise- indriyajanya pratyakSabodha meM nIlAdi arthasvarUpa spaSTarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, isa kAraNa nIlAdi hI usakA viSaya mAnA jAtA hai / zabda aura liMga se prasUta hone vAle vikalpAtmaka bodha meM usakA apanA svarUpa hI bhAsita hotA hai, bAhyArtha kA apanA kucha bhI aMza usameM pratibhAsita hotA nahIM hai / ata: jJAna ke apane svarUpa ko hI zabda-liMgajanya bodha kA viSaya mAnanA cAhiye, bAhyArtha ko nahIM / isa prakAra, zabda yA liMga se janya anyApoha koI bAhya vastu nahIM hai, kyoMki bAhyArtha meM zabda aura liMga kA koI saMbaMdha hI nahIM hai / bAhyArtha kA jisameM sparza bhI nahIM hai aisA saMvedanamAtra hI anyApoha hai / jAti Adi bAhyarUpa meM abhimata padArtha ko zabda yA liMga se janya pratIti ke viSaya mAnane para ye prazna haiM ki zabda-liMgajanya pratIti kA viSaya jAti hai yA vyakti ? pahalA pakSa isaliye asaMgata hai ki jAti ke astitva kA hI sambhava nahIM hai / pratyakSadarzanAtmaka bodha meM to sirpha vyakti (svalakSaNa) kA hI bodha mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki spaSTarUpa se tattad varNAdiviziSTa vyakti kA hI vahA~ anubhava hotA hai| jAtivAdI :- 'gAya...gAya' isa prakAra sAdhAraNasvarUpa jAti kA bhI yahA~ anubhava hotA hai| vyaktivAdI :- yaha galata bAta hai| kAraNa, zAbaleya- bAhuleyAdi tattad vyakti ko choDa kara aura kisI (jAti) kA bhI vahA~ anubhava nahIM hotA / 've zAbaleyAdi hI sAdhAraNa(jAti)rUpa hai' aisA kahanA azakya hai kyoMki 'zAbaleya' hI yadi sAdhAraNarUpa hotA taba to vyakti-vyakti meM usa kA ekarUpa se anubhava hotA, kintu yahA~ to eka zAbaleyarUpa se to dUsarA bAhuleyarUpa se, isa prakAra bhinna bhinna rUpa se anubhUta hotA hai|| isa carcA se, zlokavArttikagata kumArila bhaTTa ke nimnokta vacana kA nirasana ho jAtA hai / kumArila bhaTTa ne yaha kahA hai ki - "vastumAtra meM vyAvRtti (vizeSa) aura anuvRtti (sAmAnya) se abhinna svarUpa buddhi hotI hai / agara vastu ubhayAtmaka (sAmAnya-vizeSa dvayAtmaka) na hotI to buddhi bhI dvayAtmaka na hotI / ubhaya buddhi meM se eka (yAnI sAmAnya buddhi) bhramAtmaka hai yA aupacArika hai aisA bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki donoM buddhi dRDha yAnI spaSTa nizcayAtmaka hotI hai / ata: 'una meM se eka ko bhramAtmaka kahanA' hI svayaM bhrAnti hai|" - isa vacana kA aba nirasana ho jAtA hai kyoMki buddhi ubhayAtmaka nahIM kintu vyAvRtti-Atmaka hI hotI hai|

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134 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kalpanA tu tAmullikhantI vyavasIyate 'gaur3heMH' iti / etadapyasat, kalpanAjJAne'pi jAteranavabhAsanAt / tathAhi - kalpanA'pi puraH parisphuTamudbhAsamAnaM vyaktisvarUpaM vyavasyantI hRdi cAbhijalpAkAraM pratIyate, na ca tadvyatiriktaH varNAkRtyakSarAkArazUnyaH pratibhAso lakSyate varNAdisvarUparahitaM ca jAtisvarUpamabhyupagamyate, tana kalpanAvaseyA'pi jAtiH / yacca kacidapi jJAne nA'vabhAti tadasat yathA zazaviSANam, jAtizca kacidapi jJAne parisphuTavyaktipratibhAsavelAyAM svarUpeNa nAbhAti tana satI / athApi zabdaliMgaje jJAne svarUpeNa sA pratibhAti tatra sambandhapratipatteH, svalakSaNasya tatrA'sAdhAraNarUpatayA pratibhAsanAvasAyAt sambandhagrahaNAsambhavAcca tad na zabdaliMgabhUmiH / nanu tatrApi parisphuTataro vyakterevAkAraH zabdasya vA pratibhAti na tu varNAkArarahito'nugataikasvarUpaH prayojanasAmarthyavyatItaH kazcidAkAraH kenacidapi lakSyate, zabda-liMgAnvayaM hi darzanamarthakriyAsamarthatayA'sphuTadahanAkAramAda indriyajanya buddhi ko lekara yadi use ubhayAtmaka kahate ho to vaha ayukta hai kyoMki vaha to asAdhAraNarUpa yAnI vyAvRtti-Atmaka hI hotI hai| buddhi jaba do bAhyArthAkAra ko spaSTarUpa se udbhAsita karatI hai taba usa samaya una se bhinna yA abhinna koI bhI sAdhAraNarUpa darzanArUDha nirvikalpa jJAnArUDha ho aisA bhAna nahIM hotA hai / arthAt nirvikalpa pratyakSa meM jaba bAhya do vyakti kA saMvedana hotA hai taba tIsare sAdhAraNarUpa kA darzana nahIM hotA hai| jAtivAdI : hama vikalpabuddhi ko ubhayAtmaka batA rahe haiM / suniye - kalpanApoDha darzana meM to jAti kA ullekha nahIM hotA hai kintu anuvyavasAya 'gAya... gAya' isa prakAra sAdhAraNarUpa kA ullekha karatI huI vikalpabuddhi ko prakaTa karatA hai| vyaktivAdI :- yaha bAta galata hai, kyoMki vikalpabuddhi meM bhI jAti kA saMvedana nahIM hotA hai / dekhiyevikalpabuddhi bhI spaSTarUpa se asAdhAraNa svarUpa ko udbhAsita karatI hui aura manogata abhijalpAkAra kA ullekha karatI huyI hI lakSita hotI hai / asAdhAraNasvarUpa evaM abhijalpAkAra se atirikta yAnI varNa-AkRti-akSara' se amudrita ho aisA koI sAdhAraNa tattva kA pratibhAsa anubhava meM lakSita nahIM hotA hai / sAdhAraNarUpa yAnI jAti ko to Apa varNAdirUpa se rahita mAnate haiM / niSkarSa, vikalpabuddhi se bhI jAti kA udbhAsana nahIM hotA / kisI bhI jJAna meM jisa kA bhAna na ho usa ko mithyA hI mAna lenA cAhiye, jaise kharagozaziMga jJAnamAtra meM abhAsita hone se mithyA mAnA jAtA hai / koI bhI jJAna lo, lekina usa meM spaSTa rUpa se hara vakta vyakti kA hI bhAna hotA hai, kisI bhI samaya jAti kA sAmAnyarUpa se vahA~ anubhava nahIM hotA hai, isa liye vaha satsvarUpa nahIM hai mithyA hai| jAtivAdI :- zabda se yA liMga se utpanna jJAnA meM jAti kA svarUpata: bhAna hotA hI hai, kyoMki jAti nitya hone se usa meM sambandha(saMketa) kA grahaNa zakya hai / svalakSaNa to zabda aura liMga kI krIDAbhUmi nahIM bana sakatA, usa ke do kAraNa haiM, eka- svalakSaNa kA to asAdhAraNa rUpa se pratibhAsa hone kA hI anubhava hotA hai / dUsarA, kSaNika hone se usa meM sambandha kA grahaNa azakya hai / jAtivirodhI :- zabda se yA liMga se utpanna jJAna meM bhI jAti kA bhAna nahIM hotA kintu vyakti kA 1. varNa-rUpa, AkRti-saMsthAna aura akSara-gakAra, aukAra, visargAdi abhipreta haiM /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 135 dAnaM pravartayati janam, tat kathamanyAvabhAsasya darzanasyAnyAkAro jAtyAdiviSayaH ? yadi ca jAtyAdireva liMgAdiviSayaH tathA sati jAterarthakriyAsAmarthyavirahAdadhigame'pi zabda-liMgAbhyAM na bahirarthe pravRttirjanasyeti viphalaH zabdAdiprayogaH syAt / atha jAterarthakriyAsAmarthyavirahe'pi svalakSaNaM tatra samarthamiti tadarthA pravRttirarthinAm / nanu tat svalakSaNaM liMgAdije darzane sadapi na pratibhAti, na cAtmAnamanArUDhe'rthe vijJAnaM pravRttiM vidhAtumalam sarvasya sarvatra pravartakatvaprasaMgAt / yat tu tatra pratibhAti sAmAnyaM na tad dAhAdiyogyam, yadapi jJAnAbhidhAnaM tasya phalaM mataM tadapi pUrvamevoditamiti na tadarthA'pi pravRttiH sAdhvI / atha prathamaM zabda-liMgAbhyAM jAtiravasIyate tataH pazcAt tayA svalakSaNaM lakSyate tena vinA tasyA hI athavA zabda kA sphuTa AkAra vahA~ bhAsita hotA hai / varNa yA vizeSa AkAra se hIna, eka ho aura aneka meM rahatA ho aise svarUpavAlA, jisa kA na koI prayojana hai na kucha sAmarthya hai, aisA koI bhI sAmAnyAkAra vahA~ (zabdaliMgajanya jJAna meM) kisI ko bhI lakSita nahIM hotA / aise to dekhA jAtA hai ki zabda yA liMga se utpanna darzana (yAnI aspaSTAkAra jJAna) dAhAdi arthakriyA karane meM samartha aise asphuTa agni-AkAra ko grahaNa karatA huA uSNatA ke arthI puruSa ko usameM pravRtta karatA hai / matalaba yaha hai ki vahA~ agnirUpa vyakti kA hI avabhAsa hotA hai / taba yahA~ prazna uThatA hai ki agni Adi jAtibhinna vastu ke prakAzaka darzana kA, jAti Adi anya AkAra kaise viSaya ho sakatA hai ? pahale hI yaha niyama kahA hai ki jo jahA~ bhAsatA hai vahI usa kA viSaya ho sakatA hai / itanA hote hue bhI yadi Apa jAti Adi ko hI liMgAdijanya jJAna kA viSaya mAneMge to aisA hone para arthakriyA sAmarthyazUnya jAti kA hI usa se bodha hogA, aura usakA bodha hone para bhI vaha dAhAdi sAmarthyazUnya hone ke kAraNa, zabda se yA liMga se jo paramparayA bAhyArtha meM logoM kI pravRtti hotI hai vaha ruka jAyegI / phalata: zabdAdi kA prayoga bhI nirarthaka bana jaayegaa| jAtivAdI :- jAti meM arthakriyA-sAmarthya na hone para bhI pravRtti nahIM rukegI, kyoMki svalakSaNa arthakriyA ke liye samartha hai| __ jAtivirodhI :- svalakSaNa samartha hone para bhI liMgAdijanya bodha meM usakA bhAna kahA~ hotA hai ? nahIM hotA hai / jaba taka koI bhI samartha padArtha vijJAnArUDha nahIM hotA taba taka usa artha meM vijJAna ke dvArA pravRtti kA honA zakya nahIM hai| phira bhI mAneMge to jo jo artha jina jina vijJAna kA viSaya nahIM huA aise sabhI vijJAna ke dvArA una una arthoM meM pravRtti prasaMga kA aniSTa upasthita hogA / yaha to Apa ko bhI mAnya hai ki Apa ke mata meM zabdAdijanya buddhi meM bhAsita hone vAlA sAmAnya dAhAdi arthakriyA karane ke liye samartha nahIM hotA / yadyapi Apa yaha kaheMge ki 'jAti kA jJAna aura usa ke liye kiyA jAne vAlA 'sAmAnya' Adi zabdaprayoga (=abhidhAna) ye do phala utpanna karane meM jAti kA sAmarthya hotA hI hai / ' kintu aisA kahane para bhI, aise phala ke liye pravRtti kA honA ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA kyoMki ye do phala to zabdAdijanya jAtiviSayaka buddhi ke pahale hI udita yAnI udayaprApta rahatA hai / / * lakSitalakSaNA dvArA jAtibhAna se vyaktibhAna jAtivAdI :- 'lakSita-lakSaNA'saMjJaka vRtti ke dvArA zabda se svalakSaNarUpa vyakti kA bhAna ho sakatA hai / jaise 'dvirepha' zabda se pahale do repha (yAnI ra)vAle 'bhramara' pada lakSita hotA hai, phira tAtparya anupapattimUlaka

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136 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ayogAditi lakSitalakSaNayA pravRttirbhavet / naitadapi samyak; nahyatra kramavatI pratItiH - pUrva jAtirAbhAti pazcAt svalakSaNamiti / kiJca, jAtyApi svalakSaNaM pratiniyatena vA rUpeNa lakSyeta, sAdhAraNena vA ? tatra na tAvadAyaH pakSaH, pratiniyatarUpasya svalakSaNasya prtipttersNbhvaat| na hi zabdAnumAnavelAyAM jA. tiparimitaM pratiniyataM svalakSaNamudbhAti sarvato vyAvRttarUpasyAnanubhavAt, anubhave vA pratyakSapratibhAsA'vizeSaH syAt / na ca pratiniyatarUpamantareNa jAtirna sambhavati, tat kutastayA tasya lakSaNam ? athApi sAdhAraNena rUpeNa tayA svalakSaNaM lakSyate 'dAhAdiyogyaM vahnimAtramasti' iti / tadapyasat, sAdhAraNasyApi rUpasyArthakriyA'sambhavAt pratiniyatasyaiva rUpasya tatra sAmopalabdhaH, tatazca tatpratipattAvapi kayaM pravR. ttiH ? punastenApi sAdhAraNenA'paraM sAdhAraNaM rUpaM pratyetavyam tenApyaparamiti sAdhAraNarUpapratipattiparamparA nirvdhirbhvet| tathA cArthakriyAsamartharUpAnadhigatettyabhAva eva / lakSaNA se 'bhramara' pada ke dvArA bhramararUpa artha kA bodha hotA hai / [dvirepha zabda sIdhA bhramara kA vAcaka nahIM banatA kiMtu do repha vAle 'bhramara' pada kA smaraNa karAne dvArA bhramara-artha kA bodha karAtA hai / ] to isI taraha zabda se pahale to jAti kA bhAna hotA hai, kintu vyakti ke binA jAti kA avasthAna yA bhAna zakya na hone se zabda se jAtibhAna ke dvArA svalakSaNarUpa vyakti kA bhI bhAna hotA hai / 'dvirepha' zabda kI taraha, yahA~ bhI isa prakAra lakSitalakSaNA se svalakSaNa kA bodha evaM svalakSaNa meM pravRtti ghaTa sakatI hai / liMga se bhI isa prakAra paramparayA jAtibhAna dvArA svalakSaNa kA bhAna zakya hai / jAtivirodhI :- yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, zabda se hone vAle bodha meM aise kisI krama kA anubhava nahIM hotA ki pahale mujhe jAti kA bhAna huA aura usa ke bAda turaMta svalakSaNa-vyakti kA / dUsarI carcAspada bAta yaha hai ki jAti-bhAna ke dvArA svalakSaNa kA bodha kisI eka pratiniyata (yAnI asAdhAraNa athavA viziSTa) rUpa se hotA hai yA sAdhAraNarUpa se hI hotA hai ? pahalA pakSa vizvasya nahIM hai, kyoMki jAtibhAna ke dvArA asAdhAraNasvarUpavAle svalakSaNa kA bodha saMbhava hI nahIM hai / zAbdabodha yA anumiti karate samaya svalakSaNa kA jAti se anuviddha aura phira bhI asAdhAraNa svarUpa se bhAna hone kA anubhava meM nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki zabda ko suna kara sarva sajAtIya-vijAtIya se vyAvRtta aise asAdhAraNarUpa kA anubhava hotA nahIM hai / yadi aise asAdhAraNarUpa kA anubhava mAnya kareMge taba to zAbdabodha-anumiti aura pratyakSapratibhAsa, inameM kucha bhI bheda nahIM raha pAyegA / uparAMta, Apane jo yaha kahA ki 'asAdhAraNavyaktisvarUpa ke binA jAti kA avasthAna zakya nahIM' yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| asAdhAraNarUpa ke binA bhI jAti kA avasthAna mAnane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai| kyoMki hama to jAti ko kAlpanika mAnate haiM aura jAti kI vAstavikatA aba taka vivAdagrasta hai] jaba aisA hai taba jAti-bhAna ke bAda lakSaNA se svalakSaNa ke bodha kI to bAta hI kahA~ ? yadi dUsarA pakSa le kara kaheM ki jAti dvArA sAdhAraNarUpa se svalakSaNa kA bodha hotA hai, jaise aisA ullekha hotA hai ki 'dAhAdikriyA kara sake aisA sAmAnya agni vahA~ hai- to yaha pakSa bhI galata hai, kyoMki sarvasAdhAraNa svarUpa (yAnI sAmAnya) se koI bhI viziSTa arthakriyA hone kA sambhava nahIM hotA / asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA hI dAhAdi arthakriyA karane kA sAmarthya hotA hai| ataH sAdhAraNarUpa se svalakSaNa kA bodha hone para bhI tadarthI kI pravRtti vahA~ saMbhavita nahIM hai| uparAMta, isa pakSa meM yaha anavasthA doSa saMbhava hai ki- jisa sAdhAraNarUpa se svalakSaNa kA bodha kiyA gayA hai usa sAdhAraNarUpa

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 137 kiJca, yadi nAma jAtirAbhAti zabda-liMgAbhyAm vyakteH kimAyAtam yena sA tAM vyanakti ? 'tayoH sambandhAditi cet ! sambandhastayoH kiM tadA pratIyate uta pUrva pratipannaH ? na tAvat tadA bhAtyasau vyakteranadhigateH; kevalaiva hi tadA jAti ti, yadi tu vyaktirapi tadA bhAseta tadA kiM lakSitalakSaNena ? saiva zabdArthaH syAt, tadanadhigame na tatsambandhAdhigatiH / atha pUrvamasau tatra pratItaH tathApi tadaivAsau bhavatu; na hyekadA tatsambandhe'nyadApi tathaiva bhavati atiprasaMgAt / atha jAteridameva rUpam yaduta vizeSaniSThatA / nanu 'sarvadA sarvatra jAtirvizeSaniSThA' iti kiM pratyakSeNAvagamyate, yadvA'numAnena ? tatra na tAvat pratyakSeNa; sarvavyaktInAM yugapadapratibhAsanAnaikadA taniSThatA tena gRhyate / krameNApi vyaktipratItau niravadhervyaktiparamparAyAH sakalAyAH paricchettumazakyatvAt taniSThatA na jAteradhigantuM zakyA / kA bodha asAdhAraNarUpa se hotA hai yA anya sAdhAraNarUpa se ? yahA~ pUrvavat pahale pakSa meM saMgati na hone se Apa dUsare pakSa kA Azraya kareMge, taba phira se vahI prazna AyegA, usa kA pUrvavat uttara karane para sAdhAraNarUpa se apara apara sAdhAraNa rUpa ke bodha kI paramparA kA anta hI nahIM AyegA / phalata: arthakriyAsamartha kisI sunizcita sAdhAraNarUpa kA spaSTa bhAna na hone se 'lakSitalakSaNA' vRtti kI tucchatA hI phalita hogI / [athavA tadarthI kI pravRtti anupapatra hI raha jAyegI / ] * jAtibhAna se vyaktiprakAzana asaMgata dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki zabda yA liMga se Apa jAti kA bhAna mAnate haiM usameM vyakti ke sAtha lenA-denA kyA hai ki jisa se jAti vyakti kA prakAzana karane laga jAya ? yadi uttara meM aisA kaheM ki- "jAti aura vyakti ke bIca avinAbhAva yA aisA kucha sambandha maujudA hotA hai isI liye jAti vyakti ko prakAzita karatI hai|" - to yahA~ phira se prazna hogA ki yaha saMbandha jAtibhAna ke kAla meM hI vijJAta hotA hai yA usa se pUrva hI usa ko vijJAta kara rakhA hotA hai ? 'jAtibhAna ke kAla meM vaha vijJAta hotA hai' isa vikalpa kA svIkAra zakya nahIM hai kyoMki sambandha do vastu kI pratIti hone para pratIta ho sakatA hai, yahA~ to sirpha jAti kA hI bhAna huA hai, vyakti kA nahIM, to una ke sambandha kA jJAna kaise ho sakatA hai ? agara jAti kA bhAna hote samaya sambandhajJAna kI upapatti karane hetu usa vakta vyakti kA bhI bhAna svIkAra kara leMge taba to zabda aura liMga se sIdhA hI vyakti kA jJAna ho gayA, aba lakSitalakSaNA se vyakti kA bhAna mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA rahI ? aba to vyakti svayaM hI zabdArtha bana jAyegI / aisA yadi nahIM mAneMge to usa ke sambandha kA bhAna ghaTa nahIM skegaa| yadi kaheM ki 'sambandha ko pahale se hI vijJAta kara liyA hotA hai,'- to pUrvavijJAta sambandha se pUrvakAla meM vyakti kA bhAna mAna lo, lekina jAtibhAna ke kAla meM pUrvavijJAta sambandha se vyakti kA bhAna mAnane meM koI yukti nahIM hai / eka bAra sambandha kA jJAna kara lene para anya kAla meM usa se vyakti kA bhAna hotA rahe aisA mAna lene kI koI rAjAjJA nahIM hai phira bhI aisA mAneMge to hara eka kAla meM jAti ke bhAna se vyakti kA bhAna mAnane kA atiprasaMga hone se, Apane jo kabhI vyaktinirapekSa jAti yAnI kevala jAti kA bhAna mAna liyA hai usakA uccheda ho jaayegaa| 'vyakti meM rahanA aisA jAtisvabhAva asaMgata* yahi kaheM ki - 'jAti kA yahI svarUpa hai ki vyakti meM rahanA / ata: jAti ke bhAna meM svarUpabhAna

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138 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kAdAcitke tu jAteyaktiniSThA'dhigame 'sarvadA na taniSThatA' ityuktam / tara pratyakSeNa jAtestaniSThatA pratipattuM zakyA / nApyanumAnena, tatpUrvakatvena tasya tadabhAvenA'pravRtteH / tatra jAtyApi tadabhAve vyaktaradhigamaH kartuM zakyaH / kiMca, yadi jAtirabhidhAnagocaraH tathA sati nIlavajAtirutpalatvajAtizca dvayamapi parasparabhinaM pratItamiti na sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM bhvet| na hi parasparaviminAryapratItau tadvayavasthA 'ghaTaH paTaH' iti dRzyate / atha guNa-jAtI pratiniyatamekAdhikaraNaM vibhrAte tatastadvAreNaikAdhikaraNatA zabdayoH / nanu guNa-jAtipratItau zabdajAyAM na tadadhikaraNabhAbhAti tasya zandAgocaratvAt, na cAnudbhAsamAnavapuradhikaraNaM sanihitamiti na samAnAdhikaraNatAvyavasthA atiprasaGgAt / punarapi tadeva vaktavyam - 'za. antaHpraviSTa hone se svarUpAntargata vyakti kA bhAna bhI avazya ho jAyegA / ' - to isa ke upara prabhavikalpa haiM ki 'hara sthAna meM hara kAla meM jAti svayaM vyaktiniSTha hI hotI hai aisA pratyakSa se jJAta kiyA yA anumAna se ? pratyakSa se to vaisA jJAna nahIM hotA, kyoMki hara kAla meM aura hara sthAna meM rahe huye asaMkhya vyaktiyoM kA eka sAtha pratyakSa honA saMbhava nahIM hai to phira una vyaktiyoM meM avasthita jAti kA bhI eka sAtha eka kAla meM pratyakSa kaise hogA ? - "eka sAtha bhale pratyakSa na ho sake kiMtu pratyakSa kara ke, jAti kI vyakti meM avasthiti kA pratyakSa kara leMge-" aisA bhI kahanA vyartha hai, kyoMki vyaktiyoM kA santAna sImAtIta haiM, una sabhI kA kramaza: pratyakSa karane jAyeMge to asaMkhya kAla bIta jAyegA, phira bhI anta nahIM AyegA, isa liye vaisA pratyakSa sambhavabAhya hone se vyakti meM jAti kI avasthiti kA bhAna azakya hai| yadi kaheM ki- 'sarvakAla meM sarva sthAna meM, vyakti meM jAti-avasthiti kA pratyakSa asaMbhava hone para bhI kisI eka kAla meM kisI eka sthAna meM to vaisA pratyakSa zakya hai, usI se vyakti meM jAti-avasthiti kI siddhi ho jAyegI'- to yaha bhI ayukta hai kyoMki vaisA pratyakSa hone para bhI pratyeka kAla meM pratyeka sthAna meM vyakti meM jAti kI avasthiti kA pratyakSabhAna prApta na hone se 'vyakti meM avasthiti' yaha jAti kA svarUpa hone kI bAta siddha nahIM ho paayegii| ___ anumAna se bhI yaha bAta siddha nahIM hogI, kyoMki pUrvakAlIna pratyakSa ke vinA vaise sAdhya kI siddhi meM anumAna samartha nahIM hai / anumAna to sAdhya aura liMga kA sahacAra pratyakSa se dekha lene ke bAda hI kabhI pravRtta ho sakatA hai, ata: 'vyakti meM jAti kI avasthiti' rUpa sAdhya ke pratyakSa ke abhAva meM anumAna kI pravRtti ruka jAyegI / niSkarSa, uparokta pratyakSa aura anumAna ke abhAva meM 'vyakti meM jAti avasthiti' rUpa jAti kA svarUpa siddha na hone para jAti ke dvArA vyakti kA bhAna upapanna nahIM ho paayegaa| * nIla-utpala ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI asaMgati* aura eka Apatti yaha hai- jaba Apa jAti ko zabdavAcya mAnanA cAhate haiM taba, nIla aura utpala zabdoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya (sahocAra hone para nIlavarNaviziSTa kamalarUpa eka artha kA bodhakatva) nahIM ghaTegA / kAraNa, aba to 'nIla' pada nIlatvajAti kA aura 'utpala' pada utpalatva jAti kA vAcaka banA, ye donoM jAti paraspara bhinna haiM isa liye nIla aura utpala pada paraspara bhinna artha ke bodhaka bana gaye / jina do padoM se paraspara bhinna artha kI pratIti hotI hai una meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI vyavasthA sammata nahIM hai / udA. 'ghaTa' pada aura 'paTa' pada, paraspara bhinna ghaTatva-paTatva jAti ke bodhaka haiM, yahA~ 'ghaTa: paTa:' aisA sAmAnAdhikaraNya kisI ko bhI sammata nahIM hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 139 bdairanabhidhIyamAnamadhikaraNaM tadabhihitairjAtyAdibhirAkSipyamANaM tadvyavasthAkAri' iti, tatra ca samAdhiH na sAmarthyAyAtamadhikaraNamekAdhikaraNatAM zabdayoH kartumalam ghaTapaTazabdayorapi tAbhyAmabhihitAbhyAmekasya bhUtalAderAdhArasyA''kSepAdekArthatAprasaMgAt / tathA, jAtipakSe dharma-dharmibhAvo'pyanupapanna eva / yadi hi vyaktAvAzritA jAtiH pratIyeta tadA taddharmaH syAt, yadA tu vyaktiH satyapi nAbhAti zabdaje jJAne tadA jAtereva kevalAyAH pratibhAsanAt kathaM jAti-jAtimatodharmadharmibhAvaH ? na hi nIlAdiH kevalaM pratIyamAnaH kasyaciddharmo dharmI vA / yadApi pratyakSa dvayaM pratibhAti tadApi bhedapratibhAse sati na dharma-dharmibhAvaH, sarvatra tathAbhAvaprasaMgAt / atha pratyakSe tApyaM pratibhAti jAti-vyaktyoH tenAyamadoSa iti cet ? atrocyate - tApyeNa vijJAnamiti kiM vyaktirUpatayA jAteradhigatiH, atha jAtirUpatayA vyakteriti ? tatra yadyAdyaH pakSaH tathA sati yadi kaheM - "nIlapadavAcya nIlatva jAti yadyapi utpalatva jAti se bhinna hai, tathApi (nIlatvajAti kA Azraya guNAtmaka nIlarUpa hai aura) nIlarUpa evaM utpalatva jAti ye donoM bhinna hote huye bhI nIlavarNavAle eka hI kamalarUpa adhikaraNa meM rahate haiM, isa prakAra nIlatvajAtivAle nIlaguNa aura utpalatva jAti ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya ke dvArA, nIlatva jAti vAcaka nIlapada aura utpalatva jAtivAcaka utpala pada kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya ghaTa sakatA hai|"- to isa ke sAmane anyApohavAdI kahatA hai- Apake matAnusAra zabdajanya pratIti meM nIlatvajAtivAle nIlaguNa kA aura utpalatva jAti kA bhAna hone para bhI una donoM ke adhikaraNa kA bhAna to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki yahA~ vyakti nahIM kintu jAti zabdavAcya hai yaha pakSa cala rahA hai, usameM adhikaraNa vyakti to zabda kA gocara mAnya hI nahIM hai / guNa aura jAti ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI vyavasthA ke liye nIlapada aura utpalapada se adhikaraNa sannihita yAnI upasthita honA cAhiye, kintu jaba nIlapada aura utpalapada se adhikaraNa kA svarUpa hI bhAsatA nahIM to usa kI upasthiti ke dvArA nIlapada aura utpala pada ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI vyavasthA kaise mAnI jAya ? kisI Thosa AdhAra ke vinA hI agara aisI vyavasthA mAna lI jAya taba to ghaTa aura paTa padoM meM bhI vaha prasakta hone kI Apatti khaDI hai| isa se bacane ke liye phira se Apa kaheMge ki - 'zabdoM se anukta adhikaraNa bhI zabdAbhihita jAti Adi se usake AdhArarUpa meM AkSipta hotA hai aura isameM sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI ho jAtA hai- to isa ke pratyuttara meM yahI samAdhAna kahanA hogA ki sAmarthya se AkSipta adhikaraNa ke dvArA zabdoM kI ekAdhikaraNatA kA honA azakya hai, anyathA ghaTa-paTa zabda se bhI bhUtalarUpa adhikaraNa kA AkSepa kara ke ghaTa-paTa zabda kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya prasakta hogA / jAtivAcyatApakSa meM dharma-dharmibhAva kI anupapatti jAtivAdI ke pakSa meM dharma-dharmIbhAva bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatA / kAraNa, jAti-vyakti meM dharma-dharmIbhAva kI vyavasthA ke liye jAti vyakti meM Azrita hone kI pratIti honI cAhiye, tabhI jAti ko vyakti kA dharma aura vyakti ko jAti kA dharmI kaha sakate haiM, kintu vaisI pratIti hI nahIM hotI / jAti ko zabdavAcya mAneMge to zabdajanya pratIti meM, vyakti svayaM sadbhUta hone para bhI usa kA bhAna hogA nahIM, taba sirpha jAti kA hI bhAna hogA; kintu ekamAtra jAti kA hI jJAna hone para, jAti aura vyakti ke bIca dharma-dharmibhAva kA ehasAsa kaise hogA ? jaba nIlAdi eka hI vastu kA pratibhAsa hotA hai taba vaha kisI ke dharma yA dharmI ke rUpa meM bhAsita nahIM hotA, sirpha 'yaha nIla hai' itanA hI bhAsa hotA hai / jaba do vastu (ghaTa aura paTa) kA pratyakSa karate

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyaktireva gRhItA na jAtiH, dvitIyepi jAtirUpAdhigatireva na vyaktiriti na sarvathA dharma - dharmibhAvaH / tana jAtiH zabda- liMgayorviSayaH / 140 athAkR ( ? atha jA ) tiviziSTA vyaktistayorarthaH / tadapyasat tasyAH pratibhAsAbhAvAt / na hi zabdaliMgaprasave vijJAne vyakti (kta) rUpatayA pratibhAti, tadabhAve'pi tasyodayAt avyaktAkArAnubhavAcca / athApi vyakterevAkAradvayametat - vyaktarUpamavyaktarUpaM ceti / tatra vyaktarUpamindriyajJAnabhUmiH avyaktaM ca zabdapathaH / nanu rUpadvayaM vyakteH kena gRhyate ? na tAvadabhidhAnajena jJAnena tatra spaSTarUpAnavabhAsanAt, aspaSTarUpaM hi tadanubhUyate / nApIndriyajJAnena vyakterAkAradvayaM pratIyate, tatra vyaktAkArasyaiva pratibhAsanAt / haiM taba bhI agara una donoM meM bheda kA pratibhAsa hotA hai to vahA~ bhI eka kA dharmarUpa meM aura dUsare kA dharmIrUpa meM pratibhAsa nahIM hotA / udA0 ghaTa aura vastra eka dUsare se bhinna rUpa meM jaba pratyakSa hote haiM taba una meM dharma- dharmabhAva pratIta nahIM hotA / phira bhI Apa vahA~ dharma- dharmibhAva mAna leMge taba to sAre jagat ke pratyeka bhAvoM meM paraspara dharma-dharmIbhAva mAnanA paDegA / jAtivAdI :- pratyakSa bodha meM jAti aura vyakti kI tadrUpatA ( = ekarUpatA) kA hI avabhAsa hotA hai, bhedarUpa se avabodha nahIM hotA, isa liye una meM dharma- dharmibhAva kI gairavyavasthA kA doSa nahIM rahegA / apohavAdI :- ' tadrUpatA kA avabhAsa' isa kA kyA matalaba hai- jAti kA (tad yAnI vyakti, ataH ) vyakti rUpa se avabhAsa ? yA vyakti kA ( tad yAnI jAti, ataH ) jAtirUpa se avabhAsa ? prathama vikalpa meM, vyaktirUpa se avabhAsa kA yahI matalaba hai kI vyakti kA avabhAsa hotA hai, jAti kA nahIM / taba dharma - dharmibhAva kaise ho sakegA ? dUsare vikalpa meM, jAtirUpa se avabhAsa kA matalaba yahI nikalegA ki jAti kA bhAna hotA hai vyakti kA nahIM / taba bhI dharma - dharmibhAva kaise hogA ? donoM pakSa meM dharma- dharmIbhAva kI vyavasthA nitAnta azakya bana jAtI hai / uparyukta sabhI vimarza kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki jAti zabda aura liMga se utpanna bodha kA viSaya nahIM hai / vyaktAkAra pratIti zabdabuddhi meM nAmaMjUra 'liMga aura zabda kA viSaya jAti hai' isa prathama pakSa meM vistAra se doSa dikhAne para yadi kahA jAya ki AkRtiviziSTa vyakti ko zabda aura liMga kA viSaya mAneMge to yaha dUsarA pakSa bhI galata hai| [yahA~ yadyapi 'AkRtiviziSTA' aisA hI mUlapATha upalabdha hai, kiMtu isa prajJAkara mata ke upanyAsa ke prArambha meM 'jAtirvA tayorviSayaH vyaktirvA tadviziSTA ?' aisA pATha A cukA haiM- usa se yaha anumAna hai ki yahA~ bhI 'athAkRtiviziSTA' ke sthAna meM 'atha jAtiviziSTA' aisA hI pATha honA cAhiye / yA to prArambha meM 'vyaktirvA tadviziSTA' ke badale meM 'vyaktirvAkRtiviziSTA' aisA pATha honA cAhiye] yaha dUsarA pakSa galata hone kA kAraNa yaha hai ki - vyakti vaha hai jisa kA vyaktirUpa se (yA vyaktAkAra ) anubhava ho, zabda aura liMga se janya anubhava meM vyaktarUpa se kisI kA bhAna nahIM hotA hai, to phira vahA~ vyakti ko kaise viSaya mAnA jAya dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki ghaTapaTAdi padoM se ghaTa-paTa vyakti ke vinA bhI bodha utpanna hotA hai aura tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki zabda aura liMga se utpanna bodha meM avyakta AkAra kA hI anubhava hotA hai, ataH vahA~ vyakti ko viSaya mAnanA galata hai / yadi kaheM 'vyaktarUpa aura avyaktarUpa ye donoM vyakti ke do AkAra haiM; indriyajanya jJAnameM vyakti

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0.2 141 na hi parisphuTapratibhAsavelAyAmavizadarUpAkAro vyaktimArUDhaH pratibhAti, tat kathaM vyakterasAvAtmA ? atha 'zrutaM pazyAmi' iti vyavasAyAd dRzya-zrutayorekatA / nanu kiM dRzyarUpatayA zrutamavagamyate, zrutarUpatayA vA dRzyam ? tatrAye pakSe dRzyarUpAvabhAsa eva, na zrutagatirbhavet / dvitIye'pi pakSe zrutarUpAvagatireva vyakteH, na dRzyarUpasambhavaH / tasmAt pratibhAsarahitamabhimAnamAtramindriyazandArthayoradhyavasAnam na tttvm| anyathA darzanavat zAndamapi sphuTapratibhAsaM syAt / atha tatrendriyasambandhAbhAvAd vyaktisvarUpAvabhAse'pi pratipativizeSaH syAt / nanvakSairapi svarUpamudbhA - sanIyam tatra yadi zabdaliMgAbhyAmapi tadeva dayate tathA sati tasyaivAnyUnAtiriktasya svarUpake vyaktarUpa kA aura zabdajanyajJAna meM usake avyaktarUpa kA anubhava hotA hai / arthAt donoM jJAna meM bhinna bhinna AkAra se (samAna) vyakti kA anubhava ho sakatA hai / '' - isa ke sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai- vyakta aura avyakta ye donoM eka hI vyakti ke do rUpa haiM yaha kaise jAna pAyeMge ? zabdajanya jJAna se to nahIM jAna sakate, kyoMki vahA~ saSTa (=vyakta)rUpa kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai, aspaSTa rUpa kA hI vahA~ anubhava hotA hai| arthAt donoM rUpa kA vahA~ eka vyakti meM anubhava nahIM hotA / indriyajanya jJAna se bhI vaha nahIM jAna sakate, kyoMki vahA~ spaSTarUpa kA hI avabhAsa hotA hai, yahA~ spaSTa rUpa ke anubhavakAla meM vyakti ke bhItara rahe hue aspaSTAkAra kA saMvedana nahIM hotA hai / taba kaise yaha jAnA jAya ki indriyajanyajJAna meM bhAsamAna vyakti aspaSTarUpa bhI dhAraNa karane vAlI hai ? agara kaheM - 'maiM sunI huI vyakti ko dekhatA hU~' isa prakAra kA nizcayAtmaka anubhava hotA hai / yahA~ pUrvazruta vyakti aura vartamAnakAla meM dRzyamAna vyakti meM aikya kA anubhava hotA hai / eka hI vyakti kA pUrvazruta rUpa se yahA~ aspaSTAkAra kA aura dRzyamAnarUpa se spaSTAkAra kA- donoM kA bodha anubhavasiddha hai|' - isa ke sAmane apohavAdI do vikalpaprazna khaDA karatA hai ki yahA~ pUrvazruta kA dRzyarUpa se bhAna hotA hai yA dRzya kA pUrvazruta rUpa se bhAna hotA hai ? prathama vikalpa meM, dRzyarUpa se bhAna hotA hai to vaha dRzyarUpa kA hI bhAna huA, zruta kA nahIM huaa| dUsare vikalpa meM, zrutarUpa se jo bhAna hotA hai vaha zruta kA hI huA dRzya kA nahIM huaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'maiM sunI huI vyakti ko dekhatA hU~' yaha pratipAdana arthazUnya vacanamAtra hai, vAstava meM vahA~ vaisA koI vAstava anubhava hai nahIM, kintu vAsanA ke kAraNa vaisA indriyagocara spaSTarUpa aura zabdagocara aspaSTarUpa kA adhyavasAya karatA hU~ aisA mithyAbhimAna ho jAtA hai ki 'maiM pUrvazruta ko dekhatA hU~ / vAstava meM vahA~ vaisA anubhava hotA nahIM hai / aisA agara nahIM mAneMge to, 'pUrvadRSTa ko suna rahA hai| isa prakAra ke adhyavasAya se zAbdabodha meM bhI spaSTAkAra bodha kI Apatti A paDegI / taba pratyakSa aura zAbdabodha meM koI bheda nahIM baca paayegaa| zAnda aura pratyakSa pratIti meM pratipattibheda kaise ? yadi aisA kaheM - "pratyakSa ke prati artha ke sAtha indriyasaMnikarSa kAraNa hotA hai jo zabda aura liMga se utpanna hone vAle jJAna meM kAraNa nahIM hai| isa prakAra donoM pratItiyoM meM vyakti ke svarUpa kA avabodha hone para bhI, eka indriyasaMnikarSajanya hai aura dUsarI indriyasaMnikarSajanya nahIM hai- yaha kAraNabheda spaSTa hone se pratipattivizeSa yAnI kAryabheda jarUra hogA / arthAt donoM pratIti meM kAraNabhedamUlaka bheda nirbAdha rhegaa|"- isa ke sAmane apohavAdI kahatA hai ki kAraNabheda cAhe ho yA na ho, jaba zabda aura liMga se vyakti ke usI svarUpa

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142 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam syAdhigame kayaM pratipattibhedaH ? anyacca pratyakSe'pi sAkSAdindriyasambandho'stIti na svarUpeNa jJAtuM zakyo'sau tasyA'tIndriyatvAt, kintu svarUpapratibhAsAt kAryA(n) / tacca vastusvarUpaM yadyanumAne'pi bhAti tathA sati tata eva indriyasambandhaH samunIyatAm / atha tatra parisphuTapratibhAsAbhAvAnnAsAvanumIyate, nanu tadabhAvastavAkSasaMgativirahAt pratipAdyate tadabhAvazca sphuTapratibhAsAbhAvAditi so'yamitaretarAzrayadoSaH / atha vyaktirUpamekameva nIlAditva(?dika)mubhayatra pratIyate vyaktAvyaktAkArau tu jJAnasyAtmAnau / tatrocyate yadi tau jJAnasyAkArI, kathaM nIlaprabhRtirUpatayA pratibhAtaH ? tadrUpatayA ca pratibhAsanAbIlAyAkArAvetau, nahi vyaktarUpatAmavyaktarUpatAM ca muktvA nIlAdikamaparamAbhAti, tadanavabhAsanAt tasyAbhAva eva / vyaktAvyaktaikAtmanazca nIlasya vyaktAkAravad bhedaH, nahi pratibhAsabhedepyekatA atiprasakA prakAzana hotA hai jisa svarUpa kA prakAzana indriyoM ke dvArA hotA hai, taba aisI sthiti meM donoM pratItiyoM meM samAna mAtrA meM hI vyakti ke svarUpa kA prakAzana huA, na eka meM kucha kama, na dUsare meM adhika, taba unameM svarUpabheda kyA rahA ? tAtparya, kAraNabhedamUlaka bheda rahane para bhI akSajanya aura zabdaliMgajanya pratItiyoM meM kucha bhI pharka nahIM hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki pratyakSa ke kAraNarUpa meM indriyasaMnikarSa kI siddhi pratyakSa se to nahIM hotI kyoMki indriyasaMnikarSa svayaM atIndriya hotA hai isaliye indriyajanyapratyakSa kA vaha viSaya na hone se tadgata pratyakSakAraNatA kA jJAna bhI pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai, kintu spaSTa svarUpAvabhAsarUpa kAryAtmaka liMga se utpanna anumiti se yaha upalambha hotA hai ki yaha vijJAna indriyasaMnikarSajanya hai (kyoMki spaSTAvabhAsI hai) / aba Apa kahate haiM ki zabdaliMgajanya pratIti meM bhI pratyakSatulya hI svarUpaprakAzana hotA hai- taba to vahA~ bhI spaSTasvarUpa prakAzana rUpa kAryAtmaka liMga se indriyasaMnikarSa kA anumAna hogA / phalataH, Apane jo kAraNabhedamUlaka bheda dikhAyA hai vaha bhI nahIM rahegA kyoMki aba to donoM pratItiyAM indriyasaMnikarSajanya prasakta hai / yadi Apa kaheMge ki- zabdaliMgajanyapratIti meM spaSTa svarUpAvabhAsa na hone se vahA~ indriyasaMnikarSa kA anumAna nahIM ho sakegA- to isa bAta para anyonyAzraya doSa lagegA, dekhiye- (pahale to Apane zabdaliMgajanyapratIti meM bhI spaSTa svarUpabodha hone kA mAna liyA hai phira bhI aba kahate haiM) spaSTa svarUpAvabhAsa nahIM hai to kyoM nahIM hai ? indriyasaMnikarSa nahIM hai isaliye nahIM hai| aba indriyasaMnikarSa nahIM hai yaha kaise jJAta hogA ? spaSTasvarUpAvabhAsa nahIM hai isa se / to spaSTa hI yahA~ itaretarAzraya doSa A paDatA hai / zAbda aura akSajanya pratIti meM bhinnaviSayatA* aba yadi Apa kaheM - "donoM pratItiyoM meM eka hI vyaktirUpa nIlAdi kA bhAna hotA hai, pahale jo kahA thA ki pratyakSa meM vyaktAkArarUpa se aura zabdaliMgajanya pratIti meM avyaktarUpa se vyakti kA avabhAsa hotA hai- usa kA yaha abhiprAya nahIM hai ki eka hI vyakti ke do AkAra bhAsita hote haiM, kintu abhiprAya yaha hai ki eka hI vyakti kA pratyakSAnubhava vyaktAkAra hotA hai aura parokSAnubhava avyaktAkAra hotA hai| tAtparya, vyaktAkAra aura avyaktAkAra vyakti meM nahIM kintu jJAna ke bhItara meM rahane vAle haiM yAnI jJAnAtmarUpa hI hai" - isa ke Upara apohavAdI pUchatA hai ki ve AkAra jaba jJAnAtmarUpa haiM to phira una kA anubhava jJAnAbhinnatayA - 'tasyAbhAva eva / vyaktAvyaktakAtmanazca' isa pATha ke sthAna meM 'tasyAbhAva eva vyaktaH / avyaktakAtmanazca' aisA pATha zuddha honA cAhiye /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 GgAt / tatrAkSa - zabdayoreko viSayaH / kiMca, yadi vyaktiH zabdaliMgayorarthaH tathA sati sambandhavedanaM vinaiva tAbhyAmarthapratItirbhavet / na hi tatra tat tayoH sambhavati / vyaktirhi niyatadezakAladazAparigatA na dezAntarAdikamanuvarttate niyatadezAdirUpAyA eva tasyAH pratIteH tathA caikatraikadA sambandhAnubhave'nyasyArthasya kathaM pratItiH ? atha vyaktInAmekajAtyupalakSite rUpe sambandhAdanantarA bhaviSyati, tadapi na yuktam, yato jAtyupalakSitamapi 143 honA cAhiye, usa ke badale ve nIlAbhinnatayA kyoM dikhAI dete haiM ? jisa rUpa se jo cIja dikhAI de vaha rUpa usI cIja kA mAnA jAtA hai, ataH vyakta-avyakta AkAra rUpa se nIlAdi vyakti kA avabhAsa hone se donoM nIlAdi ke hI AkAra mAnanA cAhiye / jaba jaba nIla kA pratibhAsa hotA hai taba taba yA to vyaktarUpa kA bhAsa hotA hai yA to avyaktarUpa kA; kintu vyakta-avyakta AkAra ko choDa kara anya koI nIla bhAsatA nahIM hai; vyakta-avyakta AkAra se atirikta nIla kA pratibhAsa na hone se yahI vyakta hotA hai ki vyakta aura avyakta rUpa ke alAvA ora koI nIla hai nahIM / aba mukhya bAta yaha hai ki jaba vyaktAkAra yA avyaktAkAra nIla ke hI hai, jJAna ke nahIM, taba zabdajanya pratIti meM bhAsamAna avyaktamAtra AkAravAle nIla kA pratyakSa meM bhAsamAna vyaktAkAravAle nIla se bheda hai, yAnI ve donoM nIla bhinna haiM / donoM kA pratibhAsa bhinna hone para bhI Apa agara usa meM aikya mAnane para tule haiM taba to ghaTa aura paTa ko bhI eka mAnane kA atiprasaMga AyegA, bhale hI una donoM kA pratibhAsa bhinna ho / niSkarSa, zabdajanyabodha aura pratyakSa kA viSaya bhinna bhinna hai, eka nahIM hai, ataH zabda aura indriya kA bhI kSetra bhinna bhinna hai, eka nahIM hai / vyaktipakSa meM sambandhavedana kI anupapatti yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki Apa jAti pakSa ko choDa kara vyakti ko hI zabda aura liMga kA pratipAdya artha mAnate haiM taba vahA~ zabda aura liMga se vyaktirUpa artha kA bhAna hogA to bhI sambandha ke jJAna ke vinA hI ho jAnA cAhiye / kAraNa, zabda aura vyakti ke bIca, yA liMga aura liMgI (vyakti) ke bIca jo saMketa yA avinAbhAvAdirUpa sambandha Apa ko abhipreta hai, usakA vedana sambhavita nahIM hai / dekhiye vyakti to kisI niyata deza-kAla aura avasthA meM rahI huyI hI pratIta hotI hai isa liye vyaktivizeSa kA avasthAna niyata dezakAla aura avasthA meM hI mAnanA hogA, anya deza-kAla meM usakA honA yuktiyukta nahIM hai / isa sthiti meM Apa AIT abhimata sambandha kisI eka kAla meM kisI eka sthAna meM kisI eka vyakti meM jaba anubhUta hogA taba anya kAla meM aura anya sthAna meM kisI anya vyakti meM to yaha ho nahIM sakatA, taba usa anya vyakti kI pratIti agara sambandhAdhIna mAneMge to sambandha anubhava ke vinA usa kI pratIti kaise hogI ? Jain Educationa International yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'pUrvakAla meM jisa jAti se upalakSita vyaktirUpa meM sambandha grahaNa kiyA thA, varttamAna vyakti usI jAti se upalakSita hone se usa meM samAna jAti dvArA sambandhagrahaNa zakya hone se pUrva vyakti kA kAlAntara meM yA dezAntara meM gamana na hone para bhI varttamAna vyaktiyoM meM bhI sambandha kA avinAbhAva rahatA hai, isaliye una kI pratIti meM bhI sambandhagrahaNa Avazyaka bana jAyegA / ' to yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jAti ke eka hone para bhI tadupalakSita vyaktirUpa to bhinna kAla meM bhinna bhinna hI hai jisa ko Apa liMga yA zabda kA viSaya mAnanA cAhate haiM / ataH pUrva vyakti meM anubhUta sambandha varttamAna vyakti meM na hone se sambandhajJAna For Personal and Private Use Only

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144 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rUpaM tAsAM bhinnameva liGgAdigocaraH, tasyAbhede pUrvoktadoSAt, tathA ca sambandhAnanubhava eva syAt / / kiMca vyaktau sambandhavedanaM pratyakSeNa anumAnena vA bhavet ? na tAvat pratyakSeNa, tasya pu. raHsthitarUpamAtrapratibhAsanAt zabdasya vacanayorvAcyavAcakasambandhastena gRhyate / athendriyajJAnArUDhe eva rUpe sambandhavyutpattidRzyate - 'idametacchabdavAcyam' 'asya vedamabhidhAnam' iti / atra vicAraH - 'asyedaM vAcakam' iti korthaH ? kiM pratipAdakam, yadi vA kAryam, kAraNaM veti ? tatra yadi pratipAdakam, tat kimadhunaiva, yadvA'nyadA ? tatra yadyadhunocyate zabdarUpamarthasya pratipAdakaM vizadenAkAreNeti, tadayuktam, akSavyApAreNAdhunA vizadAkAreNa nIlAderavabhAsanAt, tatazcAkSavyApAra evAdhunA prakAzako'stu na zabdavyApAraH, tasya tatra sAmarthyAnadhigateH / athAnyadA locanaparispandAbhAve zabdo'rthAnudbhAsayati tadA kiM tenaivAkAraNAsau tAnAnavabhAsayati, yadvA AkArAntareNeti vikalpadvayam / yadi vizadenAkAreNa prake vinA hI zabda se vyaktirUpa kI pratIti mAnanI hogI / yadi pUrvavyakti aura vartamAna vyaktirUpa ko eka mAneMge taba to pahale doSa kahA hI hai ki pratyakSaviSaya pUrvavyakti aura zabdaviSaya varttamAnavyakti meM vyaktAkAra aura avyaktAkAra donoM ko mAnane jAyeMge to una donoM rUpoM kA eka vyakti meM grahaNa zabdajanyabodha se hogA yA indriyajanya bodha se hogA... ityAdi / pratyakSa se vyakti meM sambandhavedana azakya jaba Apa sambandha jJAna ke dvArA hI arthapratIti mAnate haiM taba sambandhopalabdhi ke bAre meM yaha bhI soca lenA cAhiye ki vyakti meM zabda yA liMga ke sambandha kA bhAna pratyakSa se hogA yA anumAna se ? pratyakSa se nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki pratyakSa to apane sanmukha avasthita vastu kA hI prakAzana karatA hai, ata: artha aura vacana ke bIca vAcyavAcakabhAvarUpa sambandha kA bhAna pratyakSa se sambhava nahIM / [sambandhagrahaNa ke liye sambandhidvaya kA grahaNa apekSita hotA hai, jisa indriya se artha kA pratyakSa hotA hai usI indriya se zabda kA pratyakSa samAna kAla meM na hone se sambandha kA grahaNa kaise mAnA jAya ?] yadi kaheM - "indriyajanya pratyakSa jJAna meM jisa vyaktirUpa kI upalabdhi hotI hai usI vyakti meM - 'yaha isa zabda kA vAcya hai' athavA 'yaha isa kA vAcaka hai' isa prakAra vAcya-vAcaka bhAvAtmaka sambandha kA grahaNa dekhA jAtA hai taba vaha pratyakSagamya kyoM nahIM mAna sakate ?" - aise kathana ke bAre meM bhI yaha vicAra karanA cAhiye ki 'yaha isa kA vAcaka hai' isa pratipAdana meM 'vAcaka' kA matalaba pratipAdaka hai yA kArya athavA kAraNa hai ? yaha isa kA vAcaka yAnI 'pratipAdaka' hai aisA agara Apa kA abhiprAya ho to vahA~ bhI do vikalpa prabha hai- vAcaka yAnI pratipAdaka kisa kAla meM hai, Adhunika pratyakSa kAla meM yA anya kAla meM ? yahA~ aisA kahanA ki- abhI (pratyakSa kAla meM) zabda artha kA spaSTAkAra se pratipAdaka hai- yaha galata hai kyoMki jaba indriyapravRtti hI vahA~ spaSTAkAra se nIlAdi artha kA pratipAdana (=prakAzana) kara rahI hai taba vahA~ usa Adhunika kAla meM indriyapravRtti ko hI arthaprakAzaka mAnanA hogA, zabdapravRtti ko nahIM, kyoMki indriyapravRtti ke Age zabdapravRtti durbala hone se vahA~ arthaprakAzana kA sAmarthya zabdapravRtti meM upalabdha nahIM hogA / yadi dUsarA vikalpa mAna kara kaheMge ki - 'zabda anyakAla meM yAnI jaba cakSupravRtti nahIM hai taba arthaprakAzaka hai- to yahA~ bhI do vikalpaprazna * yahA~ bhinna bhinna hastAdarza meM bhinna bhinna azuddha pATha hai kiMtu zuddha pATha 'na hyarthasya vacanayo'... aisA honA cAhiye /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 tipAdayatItyucyate, tadasat, yatastadApyasau cakSurAdibhireva vizadenAkAreNodbhAsyate na zabdena, tasya tatra sAmarthyA'darzanAt darzanAkAMkSaNAcca / yadi tu zabdenaiva so'rthaH svarUpeNaiva pratipAyate tadA'sya sarvathA pratipanatvAt kimartha pravRttiH ? nahi pratipanna eva tAvanmAtraprayojanA vRttiryuktA, vRtteravirAmaprasaMgAt / atha kiMcidapratipanaM rUpaM tadartha pravarttanam / nanu yadapratipanaM vyaktirUpaM pravRttiviSayaH tat tarhi na zabdArthaH, tadeva ca pAramArthikam tato'rthakriyAdarzanAt, nA'vyaktam sarvArthakriyAvirahAt / atha kAlAntare sphuTetareNAkAreNa vyaktIrudyotayanti zabdAH / nanvasAvAkArastadA sambandhavyutpattikAle kAlAntare vA nendriyagocarastat kathaM tatra zabdAH pravarttamAnAH nayanAdigocare'rthe vRttA bhavanti ! tanAdhyakSataH sambandhave. danam / haiM, indriyapravRtti jaise spaSTAkAra se arthaprakAza karatI hai vaise zabdapravRtti bhI anyakAla meM spaSTAkAra se arthaprakAza karatI hai yA aspaSTAkAra se ? yadi kaheM ki spaSTAkAra se arthaprakAza karatI hai to yaha galata bAta hai cUMki anyakAla meM bhI spaSTAkAra se arthaprakAzana karane kA sAmarthya cakSu Adi indriyoM meM hI hotA hai, zabda meM nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki zabda se nIlAdi arthaprakAza hone para bhI vaha nIlAdi gherA nIla hai yA phIkA-ityAdi dekhane kI AkAMkSA udita hotI hai, indriyapravRtti ke bAda aisI AkAMkSA bacatI nahIM hai| yadi kaheM ki - zabda to sirpha (sAmAnya)svarUpa se hI arthaprakAza karatA hai- to yahA~ bhI prabha UThegA ki artha kA (sAmAnya)svarUpa to pratyakSa se vizeSasvarUpagrahaNa ke sAtha hI pUrA gRhIta ho cukA rahatA hai, aba usake grahaNa ke liye zabdapravRtti kI kyA jarUra ? jisa svarUpa kA grahaNa ho cukA hai utane mAtra svarUpa kA punargrahaNa yaha koI aisA prayojana nahIM hai jisa ke liye zabda kI pravRtti yukta kahI jAya / phira bhI vahA~ zabda kI pravRtti mAneMge to bAra bAra vaisI antahIna zabdapravRtti mAnane kA atiprasaMga A paDegA / yadi kaheM ki-'kucha aisA bhI rUpa hai jo pUrvapratipanna nahIM huA hai, aise apratipannarUpa ke grahaNa ke liye zabdapravRtti sArthaka hogI'. to yahA~ samajha lIjiye ki apratipatrarUpa ke grahaNa ke liye zabdapravRtti sArthaka hone para bhI vaha apratipatrarUpa zabda kA pratipAdya artha nahIM hogA, kyoMki svarUpa aparivartya hotA hai ata: jo apratipatra svarUpa hai vaha zabda se bhI pratipatrasvarUpa kaise hogA ? aura dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vaha apratipatrarUpa zabdapravRtti Atmaka arthakriyA kA janaka hone se vahI pAramArthika mAnA jAyegA Apa jo zabdavAcya avyaktAkAra ko bhI pAramArthika mAnanA cAhate haiM vaha kisI bhI arthakriyA kA janaka na hone se pAramArthika nahIM mAnA jAyegA / [phalata: hama jo kahate haiM ki zabda kA pAramArthika vAcya koI nahIM hai yaha anAyAsa siddha ho jaayegaa|] yadi kaheM ki - 'yaha usa kA vAcaka hai' isa kA matalaba yaha hai ki zabda kAlAntara meM aspaSTAkAra se vyaktiyoM ko prakAzita karatA hai' - to yahA~ isa bAta para dhyAna dIjiye ki jaba 'yaha usakA vAcaka hai' isa DhaMga se sambandhagrahaNa kiyA jA rahA hai usI kAla meM yA anya kAla meM vaha aspaSTAkAra indriyoM se to gRhIta hI nahIM huA hai, indriyaagRhita artha meM hI vahA~ zabdapravRtti jaba ho rahI hai taba Apane kaise kahA thA ki indriyajanyajJAna meM jo vyakti ArUDha hai usI meM 'yaha usa kA vAcaka hai' aisI zabdapravRtti hotI hai ? jisa aspaSTAkAra ke liye zabdapravRtti ho rahI hai vaha to indriyaagocara hai / niSkarSa, 'pratyakSa se vAcya-vAcakabhAvAtmaka sambandha kA grahaNa' yukti se ghaTatA nahIM hai /

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zrI sammati- tarkaprakaraNam nApyanumAnena tadabhAve tadanavatArAt / athApyarthApattyA sambandhavedanam - tathAhi, vyavahArakAle zabdArthau pratyakSe pratibhAtaH, zrotuzca zabdArthapratItiM ceSTayA pratipadyante vyavahAriNaH, tadanyathAnupapattyA tayoH sambandhaM vidanti / atrocyate - siddhayatyevaM kAlpanikaH sambandhaH tathAhi zrotuH pratipattiH saMketAnusAriNI dRzyate, kali- mAryAdizabdebhyo hi draviDA''ryayorviparItatpratipattidarzanAd na niyataH sambandho yuktaH / sarvagate ca tasmin siddhe'pi na niyatArthapratipattiryuktA / prakaraNAdikamapi niyamahetuH niyatAsiddhau sarvamanupapannam / tathAhi - prakaraNAdayaH zabdadharmaH, arthadharmaH, pratipattidharmo vA ? " zabdadharme tasmin zabdarUpaM niyatArthapratipattiheturiSTaM syAt, tacca sarvArthAn prati tulyatvAt na yuktam / artho'pi anumAnAdi se sambandhavedana azakya O b 146 zabda aura artha ke bIca rahane vAle sambandha kA bodha pratyakSa se zakya nahIM hai to anumAna se bhI zakya nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa se agRhIta vastu ke bodha ke liye anumAna kI pravRtti hotI nahIM hai / arthApattipramANa bhI sambandhabodha ke liye asamartha hai / yahA~ isa prakAra arthApatti kA sAmarthya yadi dikhAyA jAya ki - "vacanaprayoga ke avasara para bolane vAle ke zabdAnusAra sunane vAle kI pravRtti ko dekhate vakta zabda aura usake artha kA pratyakSabodha hotA hai / vacanaprayoga karanevAle, zrotAoM kI ceSTA ko dekhakara samajha jAte haiM ki zrotAoM ko hamAre zabdoM se artha kA bhAna ho rahA hai / zabda aura artha ke bIca vinA kisI sambandha ke isa arthamAna kI upapatti (ghaTamAnatA) azakya hai - isa arthApatti ke phalarUpa meM sambandha kA bodha siddha hotA hai / ' to isa ke Upara apohavAdI kahatA hai ki arthApatti se sambandhabodha siddha hone para bhI siddha hone vAle sambandhabodha kA viSayabhUta sambandha kAlpanika hI honA cAhiye / dekhiye zrotA ko zabda suna kara jo arthabodha hotA hai vaha apane apane saMketabodha ke anusAra hI hotA hai itanA to prasiddha hI hai / udA0 draviDa aura Arya prajA meM kali, mArI Adi zabdoM se, apane apane saMketabodhAnusAra eka-dUsare se bhinna hI antakAla varSA - upasarga Adi arthoM kA bhAna hotA hai yaha dekhA gayA hai / zabda aura artha ke bIca agara koI niyata vAstavika sambandha hotA taba to cAhe draviDa ho cAhe Arya, sabhI ko niyata sambandha se niyata eka hI artha kA ( samAna artha kA) bodha honA jarUrI thA, kintu hotA nahIM hai isaliye yaha siddha hai ki niyata koI vAstavika sambandha hai hI nahIM, ataH arthApatti se agara sambandhabodha siddha hotA ho to usa sambandhabodha ke viSaya ko kAlpanika hI mAnanA paDegA / sambandha ko kAlpanika mAnane se sarvatra pRthak pRthak kAlpanika sambandha se pRthak pRthak arthoM kA bodha ghaTa sakatA hai / yadi kisI prakAra sarvatra vyApaka eka vAstavika sambandha siddha ho jAya to bhI vAstavika sambandha eka hone se sarvatra eka hI artha kA bodha hogA, kintu niyatarUpa se bhinna bhinna prajA ko bhinna bhinna artha kA bodha hotA hai usakI saMgati nahIM ho sakegI / [ prakaraNAdikamapi niyamahetuH niyatArthasiddhau sarvamanupannam ] yadi kaheM ki - 'sarvatra vyApaka eka vAstavika sambandha hone para bhI bhinna-bhinna prakaraNAdi meM arthabodha bhinna bhinna hotA hai, vahA~ bhinna bhinna prakaraNAdi hI niyata rUpa se bhinna bhinna arthabodha kA niyAmaka hotA hai, isa prakAra niyata eka vAstavika sambandha ke pakSa meM bhI niyata arthabodha ghaTa sakatA hai' - to yahA~ apohUvAdI kahatA hai ki yaha saba prakaraNAdi svayaM asaMgata hai / dekhiye- ye jo prakaraNAdi haiM ve zabdakA dharma hai ? artha kA dharma hai yA 'bodha kA dharma hai ? yadi prakaraNAdi D saMsargo viprayogazca sAhacaryaM virodhitA / arthaH prakaraNaM liGgaM zabdasyAnyasya saMnidhiH / vAkyapa0 kA0 2- lo0 317 -

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 147 na niyanarUpaH siddhaH iti na taddharmo'pi prakaraNAdiH / pratipattidharmastu yadISyate'sau tadA kAlpanika evArthaniyamaH na tAttvikaH syAt / tasmAt sarva paradarzanaM dhyAnthyavijRmbhitam manAgapi vicArA'kSamatvAt / tadevamavasthitaM vicArAt 'na vastu zabdArthaH' iti, kiMtu zabdebhyaH kalpanA bahirA'saMsparzinyaH prasUyante, tAbhyazca zabdA iti / zabdAnAM ca kArya-kAraNabhAvamAtraM tattvam na vAcyavAcakabhAvaH / tathAhi - na jAti-vyattayorvAcyatvam, pUrvoktadoSAt / nApi jJAna-tadAkArayoH, tayorapi svena rUpeNa svalakSaNatvAt abhidhAnakAryatvAcca / zabdAd vijJAnamutpadyate na tu tat tena pratIyate, bahirAdhyavasAyAt / kathaM tarhi anyApohaH zabdavAcyaH kalpyate ? lokAbhimAnamAtreNa zabdArtho'nyApoha ko zabdadharma mAneMge to usa kA matalaba yaha hogA ki zabdasvarUpa hI niyataarthabodha kA hetu mAnya hai / aba yaha dekhanA hai ki kali-mArI Adi zabda jahA~ bhinna bhinna artha kA bodha karAtA hai vahA~ bhI AnupUrvIAdi rUpa se zabdasvarUpa to ekarUpa hI hotA hai, ata: prakaraNAdi ko zandadharma mAnane para bhI ekarUpa zabda se niyatArthabodha kI anupapatti TalatI nahIM hai / "yadi niyata arthabodha ke niyAmakarUpa mAne jAne vAle prakaraNAdi ko arthadharma kahA jAya to vaha saMgata nahIM hogA, kyoMki jaba artha hI niyatarUpa se siddha nahIM hotA taba usake dharmarUpa meM prakaraNAdi ko mAna lene para bhI kaise niyata arthabodha ho sakegA ? hA~, bhinna bhinna arthabodha ke niyamahetubhUta prakaraNAdi ko zabda yA artha kA dharma na mAna kara arthabodhAtmaka pratipatti kA hI dharma mAna liyA jAya to 'amukazabda kA amukaartha' aisA kAlpanika niyama hI phalita hogA, vAstavika nahIM / kAraNa, hamane yaha kalpanA kara lI hai ki niyatArthabodha kA niyAmaka prakaraNAdi, pratipatti kA hI dharma hai| niSkarSa, anya dArzanikoMne jo zabda aura artha ke bIca tAttvika sambandha mAna liyA hai vaha saba bauddhika andhepana kA vilAsa hai, kyoMki vaha tAttvika vicArabhAra kA alpAMza bhI jhela nahIM sktaa| zabda vastusparzI nahIM hotA* zabdArthasambandha ke bAre meM kiye gaye samagra vicAra se yaha niSkarSa prApta ho rahA hai ki vastubhUta artha zabdArtha (zabdavAcya) nahIM hai / zabdoM se to sirpha aisI kalpanAe~ (vikalpabuddhiyA~) paidA hotI hai jisa ko bAhyArtha kA koI sparza nahIM hotA / aura zabda bhI vaisI kalpanAoM se hI utpanna hote haiM / zabda aura artha ke bIca koI pAramArthika vAcya-vAcaka bhAvAtmaka sambandha nahIM hotA, hA~ kArya-kAraNabhAvAtmaka pAramArthika sambandha mAnA jA sakatA hai| vaha isa prakAra:- jAti yA vyakti zabdavAcya nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para bahuta doSa hote haiM jo pahale kaha Aye haiM / jJAna athavA jJAnAkAra bhI zabdavAcya nahIM hai kyoMki ye donoM apane apane svarUpa se svalakSaNAtmaka hI hote haiM aura svalakSaNa zabda kA viSaya nahIM banatA (yaha bhI pahale kaha Aye haiM) / uparAMta, jJAna athavA jJAnAkAra to zabda ke kAryabhUta haiM, jo zabda kA kArya hotA hai vaha. usa kA vAcya nahIM hotA / zabda se vijJAna kI utpatti jarUra hotI hai kiMtu usa vijJAna kI pratIni zabdAdhIna nahIM hotI, kyoMki vaha vijJAna bAhyArthAdhyavasAyarUpa hotA hai kiMtu vijJAnAdhyavasAyarUpa nahIM hotA / prazna :- jaba Apa zabda ko kisI kA vAcaka nahIM mAnate haiM taba anyApoha ko zabdavAcya kyoM kahate haiM ? uttara :- zabda kA kucha vAcya jarUra hotA hai aisA logoM ko jo abhimAna rahatA hai usakA anusaraNa

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148 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam iSyate / laukikAnAM hi zabdazravaNAt pratItiH, pravRttiH, prAptizca bahirarthe dRzyate / 'yadi lokAbhiprAyo'nuvartyate bahirarthastarhi zabdArtho'stu tadabhimAnAt, nAnyApohaH tadabhAvAt' - atrocyate-bahirartha evAnyApohaH, tathA cAha- "ya eva vyAvRttaH saiva vyAvRttiH " [ ] / nanvevaM sati svalakSaNaM zabdArthaH syAt, tadeva vijAtIyavyAvRttena rUpeNa zabdabhUmiriSyatesajAtIyavyAvRttasya rUpasya zAbde pratibhAsA'bhAvAt-yadi, tarhi vijAtIyavyAvRttaM zabdairvikalpaicollikhyate tathA sati tadavyatirekAt sajAtIyavyAvRttamapi rUpamadhigataM bhavet / na, vikalpAnAmavidyAsvabhAvatvAd nahi te svalakSaNasaMsparzabhAjaH / yatastai(?) sarvAkArapratItidoSAH / kevalamabhimAnamAtraM bahirAdhyavasAyaH tadabhiprAyeNa vAcyavAcakabhAvaH zabdArthayorityanyApohaH zabdabhUmiriSTaH / / paramArthatastu zabdaliMgAbhyAM bahirarthasaMsparzavyatItaH pratyayaH kevalaM kriyate iti tatsaMsparzAbhAve'pi ca pAramparyeNa vastupratibandhAdavisaMvAdaH / tathAhi - padArthasyAstitvAt prAptiH na darzanAta, kezondukAderdarzane'pi prAptyabhAvAt / atha pratibhAsamantareNa kathaM pravRttiH ? nanu pratibhAse'pi kathaM kara ke yaha kahA hai ki anyApoha vAcya hai / logoM meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki zabda zravaNa se kucha jJAnotpatti hotI hai, usa jJAna se abhimata bAhya vastuprApti ke liye ceSTA hotI hai aura ceSTA se bAhyArtha kI prApti hotI hai aisA sIlasIlA dekha kara hamane anyApoha ko zabdavAcya kahA hai| prazna :- jaba Apa lokAbhiprAya kA anusaraNa kara rahe haiM taba aisA kyoM nahIM mAnate ki zabda suna kara zrotA ko bAhyArtha kI pratIti kA abhimAna hotA hai, na ki anyApoha kA, isaliye bAhyArtha hI zabdavAcya hai, na ki apoha ? uttara :- Apa jisa ko bAhyArtha kahate haiM vAstava meM vaha anyApoharUpa hI hai| kahA hai ki 'jo vyAvRtta hai vahI vyAvRttirUpa hai' / zabdArthavAdI :- are ! aise to Apane vyAvRtta aura vyAvRtti ko eka dikhAkara svalakSaNa ko hI zabdArtha kaha diyA / aba yadi Apa kaheM ki 'zAbdabodha meM sajAtIya vyAvRtti kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA, isaliye vijAtIyavyAvRtta artha hI zabda kA kSetra mAnate haiM to usa kA matalaba yaha hogA ki zabdoM se aura vikalpoM se vijAtIyavyAvRtta artha kA ullekha hotA hai, aura isa sthiti meM sajAtIyavyAvRtta artha kA bhI bhAna mAnanA hogA kyoMki vaha vijAtIya vyAvRtta artha se atirikta nahIM hai, eka hI hai / apohavAdI :-nahIM, vikalpamAtra avidyAmUlaka (=vAsanAmUlaka) hote haiM isaliye svalakSaNa to una se achUta hI rahatA hai / vikalpoM ko svalakSaNasparzI mAnane para bahuta doSa hote haiM / [yahA~ vyAkhyA meM 'yatastai sarvAkArapratItidoSAH' - yaha paMkti azuddhaprAya: hone se usakA vivaraNa hamane nahIM kiyA hai| svalakSaNa zabdoM se achUta hone para bhI 'zabda bAhyArthAdhyavasAyI hai aisA abhimAna logoM ko hotA hai itane mAtra abhiprAya ko manogata karake zabda aura anyApoha kA vAcyavAcakabhAva hone kA kahA hai- isa DhaMga se anyApoha zabdakSetra mAnA gayA hai| ___ vAstavika hakIkata yaha hai ki zabda yA liMga se bAhyArthasparzazUnya hI pratIti paidA hotI hai, phira bhI kabhI kabhI vaha avisaMvAdinI hotI hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki usa pratIti se ceSTA aura ceSTA se (vastu

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 149 pravRttiH ? tasminnapyanarthitve tadabhAvAt arthitve ca sati darzanavirahe'pi bhrAnteH sadbhAvAt pratibandhAbhAvAt tu tatra visaMvAdaH / yadA tu vikalpAnAM svarUpaniSThatvAnnAnyatra pratibandhasiddhistadA svasaMvedanamAtra paramArthasatattvam, tathApi kathaM 'samayaparamArthavistaraH' (14-4) iti satyam ? [sAmAnya-vizeSAtmako'rthaH zabdavAcyaH- syAdvAdinAmuttarapakSa: ] atra pratividhIyate - yaduktam "yaH atasmiMstaditi pratyayaH sa bhrAntaH yathA marIcikAyAM jalapratyayaH tayA cA'yaM mineSvartheSvabhedAdhyavasAyI zAbdaH pratyayaH" [18-4] iti, tatra bhinevahA~ hone para usakI) prApti hotI hai taba paramparA se vaha pratIti isa DhaMga se vastu ke sAtha saMlagna hone se hI avisaMvAdinI kahI jAtI hai / vastusthiti aisI hai ki padArtha kI prApti usa ke darzanamAtra se nahIM kintu usa deza-kAla meM usa kI sattA hone se hotI hai / yadi darzanamAtra se padArtha prApta hotA taba to vAtAyana meM sUryaprakAza meM jo vRttAkAra keza ke gole (=kezonduka) kA darzana hotA hai una kI bhI prApti hotI, kintu vaha nahIM hotI hai| prazna :-Apane paramparA dikhAI ki darzana ke bAda arthaprApti ke liye pravRtti hotI hai yahA~ prazna hai ki usa vastu kA pratibhAsa huye vinA usa kI prApti ke liye pravRtti kaise ho sakatI hai ? ___uttara :- hamArA bhI aisA hI prazna hai ki vastu ke pratibhAsamAtra se pravRtti kaise ho jAyegI ? vastu kA pratibhAsa mAnane para bhI jisa ko usa kI cAha nahIM vaha usakI prApti ke liye kahA~ pravRtti karatA hai ? aura jaba cAha hotI hai taba to vAstava meM usa padArtha kA darzana na hone para bhI usa padArtha kI bhrAnti ke hone para pravRtti ho jAtI hai / hA~, vahA~ visaMvAda hone se padArtha kI prApti nahIM hotI, kyoMki bhrAnti paramparA se padArtha ke sAtha saMlagna hI hotI hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki pravRtti to padArtha kA pratibhAsa na hone para bhI ho sakatI hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki 'vikalpa (cAhe zabdajanya ho yA liMgajanya,) to sirpha AtmasvarUpaniSTha yAnI svamAtrasaMvedI hotA hai, paramparA se bhI usa kA vastu ke sAtha koI lagAva siddha nahIM hai' to usakA bhI sAra yahI AyegA ki paramArtha se tattva yahI hai ki vikalpamAtra svasaMvedI hote haiM, parasaMvedI yAnI padArthasparzI nahIM hote- isa abhiprAya kA svIkAra kareM to bhI mUlagranthakAra ne dUsarI kArikA meM jo nivedana kiyA hai ki 'zAstra ke paramArtha ke vistAra ko prakAzita karane vAle vidvAnoM kI... ityAdi'- yaha kaise saccA kahA jAya jaba ki zabdAtmaka zAstra kA pAramArthika sambandhadhArI kucha pratipAdya hI ghaTatA nahIM hai ? zabdArtha mImAMsA-pUrvapakSa samApta syAdvAdI kA uttarapakSa- sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka zabdArtha apohavAdI ne anyApoha hI zabdArtha hone ke apane mata kA savistara samarthana kiyA, vidhirUpa zabdArtha kA khaMDana kiyA, svalakSaNa, jAti samavAya Adi meM saMketa kA asambhava dikhAyA, buddhiAkAra meM saMketa kA asambhava dikhAte huye astyarthAdi ko zabdArtha mAnane vAle sAta pakSoM kA bhI nirasana kiyA, aura bhI kaI matoM kA khaMDana karate huye prajJAkara mata kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA- isa prakAra vistAra se pUrvapakSIne anyApoha zabdArtha hone kA samarthana kiyA hai aura vidhyartha kA khaMDana kiyA hai| vidhyartha ke khaMDana ke liye kahA gayA

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150 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pvamedAdhyavasAyitvalakSaNo heturasiddhaH, bhedevabhedAdhyavasAyitvasya tatrAnupapatteH / na ca sAmAnyasyA'. minasya vasturUpasyAbhAvAcAsiddhatA hetoH, 'gauau~' ityabAdhitapratyayaviSayatvena tasyAbhAvA'siddheH / athA'vAdhitapratyayaviSayasyA'pi tasyAbhAvaH tarhi vizeSasyApyabhAvaprasaktiH tayAbhUtapratyayaviSayatvavyatirekeNAparasya tadvayavasthAnibandhanasya tatrApyabhAvAt / yathA hi purovyavasthitagovarge vyAvRttAkArA bu. ddhirupajAyamAnA saiva lakSyate / na cAnugatavyAvRttAkArA buddhivaryAtmakavastuvyatirekeNa ghaTate, abAdhitapratyayasya viSayavyatirekeNApi sadbhAvAbhyupagame tato vastuvyavasthA'bhAvaprasaktaH / na cAnugatAkAratvaM buddhezAbda pratIti bhrAnta hotI hai / bhrAntatva kI siddhi ke liye jo pramANa diyA gayA thA usako upasthita karAte hue aba vyAkhyAkAra apohavAda ke nirasana kA prArambha karate haiN| apohavAdIne kahA thA - atatsvarUpa padArtha meM jo tat aisI pratIti hotI hai vaha bhrAnta hotI hai, jaise marudeza meM ajalasvarUpa sUryakiraNoM meM jala kI pratIti / zAbdika pratIti bhI bhitra padArthoM meM abheda kI pratItirUpa hone se prAnta hai aura bhrAnta hone se zAbdika pratIti nirviSaya hotI hai| - isa ke prati vidhyarthavAdI kahatA hai, 'bhinna padArthoM meM abheda kI pratIti' rUpa hetu zAbdika pratIti meM asiddha hai| ata: vahA~ bhrAntatva sAdhya siddha nahIM ho sakatA / hetu isa liye asiddha hai ki zAbdika pratIti bheda meM abhedAdhyavasAyinI nahIM hotI [kintu abheda meM abhedAdhyavasAyinI hotI hai / ] apohavAdI :- abhedAdhyavasAyI buddhi kA viSayabhUta abhinna sAmAnya padArtha vAstavika nahIM hai (kAlpanika hai) isa liye vaha buddhi abhedazUnya meM (bheda meM) hI abhedAdhyavasAyI hone se hamArA hetu asiddha nahIM hai / sAmAnyavAdI :- 'yaha gAya hai yaha gAya hai| isa prakAra sabhI logoM ko abheda kI nirbAdha-abhrAnta pratIti anubhava siddha hai isaliye abhinna sAmAnya padArtha nirbAdhapratIti kA viSaya hone se kAlpanika nahIM vAstavika hai / ata: apohavAdI kA hetu asiddha hI hai| yadi nirbAdhapratIti kA viSaya hone para bhI sAmAnya ko Apa asat mAneMge to apohavAdI abhimata svalakSaNAtmaka vizeSa padArtha bhI asat mAnanA hogA / kAraNa, 'yaha vAstavika hai| aisI vyavasthA karane ke liye jo sarvasammata nidhipratItiviSayatva dharma honA cAhiye vaha to jaise vizeSa meM hai vaise sAmAnya meM bhI hai / tathA, nidhipratItiviSayatva ko chor3a kara anya kisI dharma ko vyavasthA-kAraka mAneMge to vaha sAmAnya meM nahIM rahegA vaise hI vizeSa meM bhI nahIM hogA / jaise saMmukha avasthita govRnda meM, azvAdi se vyAvRtta AkAra ko lakSita karane vAlI, bhedabuddhi udita hotI hai, vaise hI 'yaha gAya hai vaha bhI gAya hai' aisI anugatAkAra ko lakSita karatI huyI sAmAnya buddhi bhI udita hotI hai / ata eva vastu sAmAnya-vizeSobhayAtmaka mAnanA jarurI hai kyoMki sAmAnya-vizeSobhayAtmakatA ke vinA aisI anugata-vyAvRtta ubhayAkAra buddhi kA udaya zakya nahIM / vastu ke vinA bhI usa ke viSaya meM nirvAdhapratIti ho sakatI hai aisA agara mAneMge taba to 'yaha vastu hai aura yaha avastu hai' ityAdi vyavasthA kA hI bhaMga prasakta hogaa| _ 'bhedabuddhi kI anugatAkAratA anya pramANa se bAdhita hai' aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai / kAraNa, sarva deza-kAla meM ekajAtIya padArthoM meM sAmAnAkAra vyavahAra hotA AyA hai aura isa vyavahAra kA nimittabhUta anugatAkAra bodha bhI askhalitarUpa se calA AtA dikhAI rahA hai / sArAMza, vyAvRttAkAra buddhi AMzika buddhi hai jo vastu ke vizeSAtmaka eka aMza kA avagAhana karatI hai kiMtu sAmAnyAtmaka anya aMza kA avagAhana nahIM karatI, usa

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 151 barbAdhyata iti vaktuM yuktam, sarvatra dezAdAvAnugatapratibhAsasyA'skhaladrUpasya tathAbhUtAkAravyavahArahetordarzanAt / ato vyAvRttAkArAnubhavAMzA'nadhigatamAkAramavabhAsayantyakSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyinyabAdhitarUpA buddhiranubhUyamAnA'nugatAkAraM vastubhUtaM sAmAnya vyavasthApayati / " na ca zAbaleyAdipratiniyatavyaktirUpavivekena sAdhAraNarUpasyAparasya bhedenA'pratibhAsanAd vyaktirUpAd bhinnamabhinnaM vA sAmAnyaM nAbhyupagantuM yuktamiti zakyaM vaktum, yataH samAnadezasamAnendriyagrAhyANAmapi vAtA''tapa-ghaTa-paTAdInAM pratibhAsabhedAnAparaM bhedavyavasthApakam sa ca zAbaleyadivyakti-jAtyorapi samasti, zAbaleyAdivyaktipratibhAsAbhAve'pi bAhuleyAdivyaktipratibhAse 'gau!H' iti sAdhAraNAvabhAsasya tadvyavasthAnibandhanasya saMvedanAt / ekAntato vyatyabhede tu sAmAnyasya zAbaleyAdivyaktisvarUpasyeva tadabhinnasAdhAraNarUpasyApi bAhuleyAdivyaktyantare pratibhAso na syAt, asti ca vyattayantarepi 'gau!H' iti sAdhAraNarUpAnubhavaH, ataH kathaM na bhinnasAmAnyasadbhAvaH ? anya aMza ko udbhAsita karane vAlI dUsarI anugatAkArabuddhi sarvajanaanubhavasiddha hai, govRMda ke sAtha jaba indriyasaMnikarSa hotA hai taba yaha anugatAkAra buddhi utpanna hotI hai aura jaba usa ke sAtha indriyasaMnikarSa nahIM rahatA taba vaha pratyakSAtmaka anugatAkArabuddhi utpanna nahIM hotI- isa prakAra yaha anugatAkAra buddhi, vizeSagrAhibuddhi kI bhA~ti indriya ke anvaya aura vyatireka kA vyavasthita anusaraNa karatI hai / usa ko mithyA siddha karane vAlA aura koI pramANa bhI nahIM hai isa liye vaha buddhi abAdhita hai / nirbAdha buddhi vastu kI vyavasthApaka (=siddhikAraka) hotI hai ata: sAmAnyAkAra nirbAdha buddhi bhI vAstavika sAmAnya padArtha ko siddha karatI hai / isaliye apohavAdI kA hetu asiddha hai| apohavAdI :- jaba bhI dekhate haiM to zAbaleya Adi amuka niyata asAdhAraNa vyaktirUpa hI najara meM AtI hai, usa se pRthak hote hue anya kisI sAdhAraNa rUpa kA pRthak rUpa se pratibhAsa vahA~ nahIM hotA, ata: vyakti se bhinna sAmAnya padArtha kA aMgIkAra anucita hai, evaM vyakti se abhinna sAmAnya ko mAnane kA kucha vizeSa phala nahIM hai kyoMki vyaktiabhinna sAmAnya to vyaktirUpa hI hai, arthAt yaha sAmAnyAtmaka nahIM kintu vizeSarUpa hogaa| sAmAnyavAdI :- yaha kathana anucita hai / pratibhAsabheda hI sarvatra bhedasAdhaka hotA hai / vAta aura Atapa tathA ghaTa aura vastra samAnadeza meM eka hI indriya se gRhIta hote haiM ata: vahA~ dezabheda yA grAhakendriyabheda na hone para bhI pratibhAsabheda hone se vastubheda siddha hotA hai / Apa kahate haiM vyakti se bhinna jAti kA bhinna pratibhAsa nahIM hotA yaha galata bAta hai kyoMki zAbaleyAdi vyakti aura gosAmAnya kA bhedapratibhAsa prasiddha hai, jaise dekhiye-jaba dUra se'vaha zAbaleya hai yA bAhuleya ?' aisA vyakti kA pratibhAsa na hone para bhI najara ke sAmane zAbaleyAdivyaktisamUha upasthita rahane para 'yaha gau hai yaha bhI gau hai' aisA bhedavyavasthAkArI gosAdhAraNa kA avabhAsa anubhavasiddha hai| "sAmAnya jaisA kucha hai hI nahIM, agara hai to vaha vyakti se sarvathA abhinna hI hai" yaha bAta bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki sAmAnya yadi vyakti se sarvathA abhinna hotA taba zAbaleyAdivyaktisvarUpa se sarvathA abhinna sAdhAraNarUpa vAle sAmAnya kA bAhuleyAdi anya vyaktiyoM meM bhI jo anugatAkAra pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha nahIM ghaTegA / jisa gotvAdi sAmAnya kA zAbaleyAdi vyaktiyoM meM anubhava hotA hai usI gotvAdi kA bAhuleyAdi anya vyaktiyoM meM

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152 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na ca vyaktidarzanavelAyAM svena vapuSA buddhigrAhyAkAratayA pratipadamavatarantI jAti bhAti vyaktivyatirekeNAparasya bahirlAhyAvabhAsasyA'bhAvAditi vaktuM zakyam, vyaktyAkAre'pyasya samAnatvAt / na ca buddhireva 'gauauH ' iti samAnAkArA bahiH sAdhAraNanimittanirapekSA pratibhAti, tathAbhyupagame pratiniyatadezakAlAkAratayA tasyAH pratibhAsAbhAvaprasaMgAt / nacA'sAdhAraNA vyaktaya eva tadbuddhinimittam, vyaktinAM bhedarUpatayA'viziSTatvAt 'karkAdivyaktInAmapi 'gauauH' iti buddhinimittatvApatteH / na ca vyaktInAM bhedAvizeSe'pi yAsveva 'gorgauH' iti buddhirupajAyamAnA samupalabhyate tA eva tAmupajanayituM prabhavanti, yathA yAsveva gaDUcyAdyoSadhiSu bhedA'vizeSe'pi jvarAdizamanalakSaNaM kAryamupalabhyate tA eva tanimittaM nAnyA iti vaktuM yuktam, sAdhAraNanimittavyatirekeNApi tAsUtpattiprasakterna svalakSaNasyApi vyavasthA syAt / bhI 'yaha bhI gau hai" isa DhaMga se samAnAkAra anubhava hotA hai / taba phira svataMtra sAmAnya padArtha ko vasturUpa kyoM na mAnA jAya ! * jAti kI siddhi meM aDacanoM kA pratikAra apohavAdI :- jaba vyakti ko dekhate haiM taba aisI koI jAti sphurita nahIM hotI hai jo apane buddhigrAhyAkAramaya zarIra se dRSTipatha meM utara AtI ho / vyakti ko choDa kara aura kisI buddhigrAhya padArtha kA vahA~ avabhAsa hI nahIM hotA hai| sAmAnyavAdI :-aisA kahanA zakya nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA to vyaktiAkAra ke liye bhI samAna DhaMga se kahA jA sakatA hai / jaise: yaha kaha sakate haiM ki dUra se gojAti ko dekhate samaya aisI koI zAbaleyAdi vyakti sphurita nahIM hotI jo apane buddhigrAhyAkAramaya zarIra se dRSTipatha meM utara AtI ho...ityAdi / apohavAdI :- 'yaha gau hai- gau hai' isa buddhi kA bAhya sAmAnyAtmaka nimitta nahIM hotA, kiMtu anugatabuddhi svayaM hI yahA~ sAmAnyarUpa se samAnAkAra bhAsita hotI hai / ___sAmAnyavAdI :-yaha bAta ThIka nahIM, kayoMki samAnAkAra buddhi kA nimitta bAhyadezavartI, pratiniyatakAlavartI na ho kara abhyantara buddhirUpa hotA taba jo bAhyadezavartI aura amukapratiniyata kAlavartI AkAra rUpa se usa kA jo pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha na hone kI Apatti aayegii| ___yadi kaheM ki - 'asAdhAraNasvarUpadhArI vyakti svayaM hI anugatAkAra buddhi kA nimitta hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pratyeka vyakti bhedAtmaka yAnI vizeSarUpa hotI hai, jaba govyakti samAnAkAra buddhi kA nimitta ho sakatI hai to vaise hI asAdhAraNa vyaktirUpa azva vyakti bhI anugatAkAra 'yaha gau hai- gau hai' aisI buddhi kA nimitta hone kI Apatti AyegI, kyoMki vyaktimAtra kI vizeSarUpatA meM koI pharka nahIM hai| ___ apohavAdI - vyakti - vyakti kI vizeSarUpatA meM koI pharka nahIM hone para bhI jina zAbaleyAdi vyaktiyoM ko dekha kara 'yaha gAya hai- gAya hai" aisI anugatAkAra buddhi utpanna hotI hai una vyaktiyoM ko hI usa buddhi kA hetu samajhanA cAhiye, azvAdi vyakti se vaisI gAya kI anugatAkAra buddhi utpanna na hone se una ko usa buddhi kA hetu mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / kArya-kAraNabhAva anvaya-vyatireka se nizcita hotA hai| agara Apa kaheM ki- 'jina vyaktiyoM se anugatAkAra kArya (buddhirUpa) hotA hai unameM, azvAdivyAvRtta samAna dharma na 1. 'karka: = zvetAzva:' prameyaka Ti0 50 137 pra0 paM0 14 /

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153 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 tathAhi - pareNApyevaM vaktuM zakyam - abhedA'vizeSe'pyekameva brahmAdisvarUpaM pratiniyatAnekanIlAdyAbhAsanibandhanaM bhaviSyatIti kimapararUpAdisvalakSaNaparikalpanayA ? atha rUpa-rasAyAbhAsajJAnasya tadrUpasvalakSaNamantareNApi sambhave'parasyArthakriyAnibandhanArthavyavasthApakasyAbhAvAna pravRttyAdilakSaNo vyavahAra iti svalakSaNAkArajJAnasya tanimittatvena tavyavasthApakatvam / etat sadRzAkArajJAne'pi samAnam / na hi sAmAnyamantareNA'pi bhinnAnAmekakAryakartRtvaM na sambhavatIti tat parikalpyate, kintu samAnAkArapratyayo'bAdhitarUpaH tathAbhUtaviSayavyatirekeNopajAyamAno mithyArUpaH prApnotIti vizeSapratyayasyevA'bAdhitarUpasya samAnpratyayasyApi sAmAnyamAlambanabhUtaM nimittamabhyupagantavyamityasti vastubhUtaM sAmAnyam, anyathA samAnapratibhAsA'yogAt / hone para kaise vaha kArya hogA ? to isakA uttara gaDUcI Adi auSadhoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| gaDUcI Adi aneka aise auSadha aura upavAsa Adi upAya haiM jina meM koI anugata dharma na hone para bhI aisA ekavidha bukhAra-zamana kA kArya hotA hai jo roTI-cAvala Adi se nahIM hotA / phira bhI Apa vahA~ roTI-cAvala Adi se vyAvRtta aisA koI eka sAmAnya dharma gaDUcI-upavAsa Adi meM nahIM mAnate to phira yahA~ vaisA Agraha kyoM ? sAmAnyavAdI :- yaha prazna anucita hai kyoMki gaDUcI Adi meM bhI hameM vaisA eka sAdhAraNa nimitta abhISTa hI hai [cAhe vaha jAtirUpa ho yA akhaMDopAdhirUpa yA kaisA bhI !] / kintu Apa yadi kisI sAdhAraNa nimitta ke vinA hI bhinna bhinna deza-kAlAdi meM rahI huyI aneka vyaktiyoM meM niyata rUpavAlI samAnAkAra buddhi kI utpatti hone kA mAneMge taba to vyakti ke bAre meM bhI vinA kisI asAdhAraNanimatta hI asAdhAraNAkAra (=vizeSAkAra) buddhi kI utpatti hone kI Apatti prasakta hogI / phalata: Apa ke mata meM svalakSaNa (=asAdhAraNa vyakti) kI bhI vyavasthA lupta ho jaayegii| sadRzAkAra jJAna se sAmAnyavyavasthA dekhiye - Apa kahate haiM vaisA brahmAdi-advaitavAdI bhI kaha sakatA hai, brahmAdi eka hI vastu abhinna-akhaMDa ekarUpa hote huye bhI vyavasthita nIlapratibhAsa-pItapratibhAsa Adi aneka bhinna bhinna pratibhAsoM kA nimitta bana sakatI hai, taba bhinna bhinna pratibhAsa ke nimittarUpa meM bhinna bhinna nIlarUpasvalakSaNa yA pItarUpa svalakSaNAdi kI kalpanA kyoM kI jAya ? apohavAdI :- rUpasvalakSaNa, rasasvalakSaNAdi bAhya pRthak pRthak nimitta ke vinA hI yadi rUpAvabhAsi yA rasAvabhAsi vijJAna kI utpatti mAnya rakhI jAya taba to rUpavijJAna se rUpArthI kA bAhyarUpa ke hAnopAdAna ke liye jo pravRtti-nivRtti svarUpa vyavahAra hotA hai vaha nahIM bana sakegA, kyoMki rUpAdijanyatvena abhimata rUpAdisAdhya arthakriyA kA sAdhaka bana kara arthavyavasthA karane vAlA na to bAhya rUpAdi hai, na to anya koI artha hai / akele brahma se to bhinna bhinna arthakriyA ho nahIM sakatI, na pravRtti-nivRttirUpa pRthak pRthak vyavahAra bhI siddha ho sakatA hai ! ata: svalakSaNAkAra (=vizeSAkAra) jJAna svataMtra svalakSaNamUlaka siddha ho kara svatantra svalakSaNa kI vyavasthA (=siddhi) kara detA hai| sAmAnyavAdI :-vizeSAkAra jJAnase svalakSaNarUpa vizeSa kI vyavasthA hotI hai isI taraha sadRzAkAra jJAna se sadRzAkAra sAmAnya kI bhI vyavasthA anivArya hai| eka sAmAnya padArtha ke vinA bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM meM ekakAryakAritA ghaTa nahIM sakatI- itane mAtra se hama sAmAnya kI kalpanA kara lete haiM- aisA mata mAniye, kintu

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 'ekakAryatAsAdRzyenaikatvAdhyavasAyAdekapratibhAsa' iti cet ? vAha - dohAdikAryasya prativyaktibhedAt kathamabhedaH kAryANAm ? iti tatrApyaparaikakAryatAsAdRzyenaikatvAdhyavasAye'navasthAprasakteH, ekakAryatayA bhAvAnAmapratIteH kathamabhedAdhyavasAyAdekaH pratibhAsaH yenaikakAryakAritvam atatkAripadArthaviveko vA sAmAnyaM tadvyavahAranibandhanaM syAt ? ekasAdhanatayA'bhedopyata eva na sAmAnyam, vAhadohAderekArthatvAbhAvepyekavijJAnajanakatvenAbhedAdhyavasAye tadvijJAnasyApi prativyaktibhinnatvAt ekAkAraparAmarzajJAnajanakatvenA'bhedAdhyavasAye tatparAmarzasyApi prativyakti bhinnatvAt aparaparAmarzajanakatvenAbhedAdhyavasAye'navasthA / atha bAta yaha hai ki nirbAdharUpa se utpanna hone vAlI sadRzAkAra pratIti agara eka sAmAnyarUpanimitta ke vinA hI utpanna hone kA mAneMge to vaha pratIti bhrAnta bana jAyegI ( aura sAmAnyamUlaka jo pravRtti - nivRtti vyavahAra hotA hai vaha bhI Thapa ho jAyegA ) / ataH, nirbAdha vizeSAkAra jJAna kA jaise vizeSarUpa ( svalakSaNAtmaka) Alambana mAnya hai vaise hI sadRzAkAra jJAna kA nimitta banane vAlA sAmAnya padArtharUpa pAramArthika Alambana bhI svIkAra lenA cAhiye / sArAMza yaha hai ki vizeSa kI taraha sAmAnya bhI vAstava padArtha hai, usakA asvIkAra karane para samAnAkAra pratIti kI saMgati nahIM kI jA sakegI / ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya se samAnapratibhAsa meM anavasthA apohavAdI :- samAnapratibhAsa kA koI vastubhUta nimitta nahIM hai aisA hamArA kahanA nahIM hai / vastubhUta nimitta hotA hai, kintu vaha ApakA mAnA huA jAtirUpa sAmAnya nahIM kintu ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya hotA hai / jaise eka kamare meM daza dIpa jalAyA jAya to una sabhI kA prakAzarUpa kArya eka hI hotA hai, isa ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya ke kAraNa eka adhyavasAya bana jAtA hai ki ye saba dIpa eka hI haiM, aura isa adhyavasAya se hI una dIpoM meM abhedapratibhAsa hotA hai / 154 sAmAnyavAdI :- yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sakala govyaktiyoM meM ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya hotA nahIM, balIvardAdi kA kArya bhAravahana hotA hai aura gauA saba dUdha dene kA ( dohana) kArya karatI hai / isa prakAra balIvarda aura gauA Adi bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM meM ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya hI kahA~ hai ? agara kaheM ki 'bhAravahana dohana Adi kArya hAlA~ ki eka nahIM hai kintu una kAryoM kA eka sadRzakArya hogA, jo pUrvaM kAryoM meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya nipajAyegA' - to yaha bhI galata hai kyoMki Apa ke abhimata eka kArya kI parIkSA karane para vahA~ bhI jaba vaha dohAdi kI taraha aneka kArya siddha hoMge taba una meM phira se ekakAryatA kI siddhi ke liye vAha - dohAdi kAryoM ke kAryoM meM bhI ekatva adhyavasAya ke liye una ke kAryoM meM ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya jatAnA paDegA / isa prakAra kArya kArya kA sIlasIlA calegA, usakA anta na Ane se anavasthA doSa prasakta hogA / phalataH vyaktiyoM meM ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya kI pratIti na hone se abhedAdhyavasAya aura usa ke dvArA eka rUpapratibhAsa kI upapatti hI jaba zakya nahIM hai taba ekakAryakAritva ko yA atatkAryakArivyAvRtti rUpa apoha ko sAmAnyarUpa mAna kara tanmUlaka samAnAkAra vyavahAra kI upapatti kaise ho sakegI ? jina doSoM ke kAraNa ekakAryakAritvarUpa sAmAnya kA honA asaMgata hai, unhIM doSoM ke kAraNa ekasAdhanatA (yAnI eka vijJAnarUpa kArya kI janakatA ) ko bhI sAmAnyarUpa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / yadi kaheM ki - 'vAha - dohanAdi kAryoM meM ekArthatva yAnI (eka: artha: kAryarUpo yeSAM te ekArthAH teSAM bhAvaH ekArthatvam ) ekakAryatA na hone para bhI samAnAkAra eka vijJAnajanakatA -

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 155 ekAkAraparAmarzajJAnasya svata evAbhedAdhyavasAyarUpatvAdekatvamiti nA'navasthA, tajjanakAnubhavAnAM tvekAkAraparAmarzajJAnahetutvAdekatvam anubhavanimittavyaktInAM ca tathAbhUtAnubhavajanakatvepopacaritaM tat / nanvevaM vyaktInAmevAvyavahitaikAkAraparAmarzahetutvaM vastubhUtaM sAmAnyamabhyupagantavyam kiM pAramparyaparizrameNa ? yayA hi pratyAsattyA prativyakti bhinnAnubhavA ekaM parAmarzajJAnaM janayanti tayaiva pratiniyatA vyaktayaH svagatasamAnAkArArpakatvena tad janayiSyantIti na kazcid doSaH / yathA hyanubhavajJAnaM bhinnamapi parAmarzajJAnaM pratiniyataikAkAratayA vilakSaNaM cidrUpatayA tu samAnaM janayadapi samAnA'samAnajanakAkAradvayAdhyAsitamapyekam tathA vyaktayo'pi samAnA'samAnajanakAkArAdhyAvasAyipratyayajanakaM rUpadvayaM bibhrANA naikarUpatayA virotsyanta iti / atha sAmAnyasyAnugatAkArajJAnajanakatvaikasvabhAvatvAt sarvadA tajjJAnaprasaktiH anapekSasyA'pekSA - yogAt, sahakAryapekSajanakatve vA sahakArikRtopakArasya tato'bhede tadvat kAryatvenA'nityatAprasaktiH, bhede rUpa ekasAdhanatA ke jariye abhedAdhyavasAya dvArA abhedapratibhAsa kI upapatti kara sakeMge to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vAha - dohanAdi kAryoM se utpanna vijJAna bhI eka nahIM kintu tattat kAryavyakti viSayaka vijJAna bhI pRthak pRthak hI hotA hai / agara una vijJAnoM meM bhI ekAkAraparAmarzarUpa ( idaM jJAnamidamapi jJAnam aise) jJAna kI janakatA ke jariye abhedAdhyavasAya saMgata kiyA jAya to yaha bhI zakya nahIM hai kyoMki ekAkAraparAmarza bhI tattadvijJAnavyakti viSayaka pRthak pRthak hotA hai / agara una parAmarzo meM bhI anya ekaparAmarzajJAna kI janatA ke dvArA abhedAdhyavasAya ko saMgata karane jAyeMge taba to phira se anavasthA doSa prasakta hogA / yadi kaheM ki 'ekAkAra parAmarza ke dvArA abhedAdhyavasAya kI saMgati karane kI koI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai kyoMki ekAkAraparAmarzajJAna svayaM hI abhedAdhyavasAya rUpa hai ataH una ke abhedAdhyavasAya ke liye anya parAmarzajJAna kI AvazyakatAmUlaka hone vAlI anavasthA ko yahA~ kucha avakAza hI nahIM hai / evaM una parAmarzoM ke janaka vijJAnAtmaka anubhavoM meM bhI ekAkAraparAmarzajanakatA ke jariye abhedAdhyavasAya aura tanmUlaka ekatva upapanna hogA, tathA una anubhavoM ke nimittabhUta vAha - dohanAdi vyaktiyoM meM (yA go- balIvardAdi vyaktiyoM meM) pUrvokta anubhavoM kI janatA mUlaka abhedAdhyavasAya ke dvArA upacarita ekatva kI upapatti ho sakegI - isa prakAra ekakAryatArUpa sAdRzya athavA ekasAdhanatArUpa sAdRzya ko abhedapratibhAsa kA nimitta batA sakate haiM / sAmAnyavAdI :- are ! aisI paramparA kI mAthApaccI kI kyA jarUra hai, vyakti-vyakti meM hI ekAkAraparAmarza ke heturUpa meM siddha hone vAle eka vAstavika ( jAtirUpa) sAmAnya ko mAna lene meM kyoM jhIjhakate haiM ? pratyeka vyaktiyoM se apanA apanA bhinna bhinna anubhava aura una anubhavoM se ekAkAra parAmarza jJAna kI upapatti ke liye, isa prakAra paramparayA bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM se ekAkAra parAmarza jJAna kI upapatti ke liye kucha na kucha pratyAsatti (saMbaMdhasampAdaka dharma) to Apako dikhAnA hI hogA, kyoMki eka pratyAsatti ke vinA paramparayA ekAkAraparAmarzajanakatA bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatI; taba usI eka pratyAsatti (ko sAmAnyapadArtha ke rUpa meM svIkAra karake usa) ke dvArA sAkSAt hI tad tad vyaktiyoM se, apane meM paraspara vidyamAna samAnAkAra kA arpaNa parAmarza ko karate hue ekAkAra parAmarza kI utpatti kI jA sakatI hai, isa meM anavasthA Adi kisI bhI doSa ko avakAza nahIM hai aura dUsarI ora eka sAmAnya bhI siddha ho jAyegA / yaha dhyAna meM lenA cAhiye ki jaise anubhavajJAna se aisA parAmarzajJAna utpanna hotA hai jo apane viziSTa vilakSaNa ekAkArarUpatA ke kAraNa anubhavajJAna se bhinna

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156 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vA sambandhAsiddhiH / ekakAryakartRtvalakSaNamapi sahakAritvaM nityAnAmasambhavi tadavasthAbhAvinaH svabhAvasya prAg UrdhvaM ca tadavasthAnasadbhAvAt, abhAve vA'nityatvam svabhAvabhedalakSaNatvAt tasya / ajanakasvabhAvatvena na kadAcidapi tajjJAnam, yo hyajanakasvabhAvaH so'nyasahito'pi na tad janayati, yathA zAlibIjaM kSityAyavikalasAmagrIyuktamapi kodravAMkuram, ajanakasvabhAvaM ca cet sAmAnyam parAmarzajJAne na pratibhAseta janakAkArArpakasyaiva jJAnaviSayatvAt, jJAnalakSaNamapi kAryamanupajanayadavastu syAd arthakriyAkAritvalakSaNatvAd vstunH| tadevaM sAmAnyasya nityatvena tadviSayasya jJAnasya baadhymaantyaa'vaadhitjnyaanvissytvmsiddhm| hotA hai phira bhI citsvarUpa hone ke kAraNa usase samAna bhI hotA hai, yahA~ anubhavajJAna eka hote haye bhI usa meM samAnajJAnajanakatva aura asamAnajJAnajanakatva rUpa do AkAra se adhiSThita hotA hai; ThIka aise hI bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM meM bhI paraspara ekarUpatA ho sakatI hai kyoMki ve bhI sAmAnAkArAdhyavasAyijJAnajanakatva aura asamAnAkArAdhyavasAyijJAnajanakatva aise do rUpa se adhiSThita haiM / *sAmAnyakhaMDana ke liye vividha tarka* aba sAmAnyavirodhI prativAdI vistAra se, sAmAnya kI nidhijJAnaviSayatA kA khaMDana karane kI ceSTA karatA hai - anugatAkArajJAnajanakatA yahI eka mAtra sAmAnya kA jo svabhAva hai vahA~ do vikalpa haiM, anugatAkArajJAnajanakatA sahakArisApekSa hai yA sahakArinirapekSa ? agara kaheM ki sahakArinirapekSa hai taba usa ko jJAnotpAda ke liye sahakAriapekSA vyartha hone ke kAraNa apane svabhAva ke anurUpa satata anugatAkAra jJAnotpatti hone kI Apatti A pddegii| sahAkArIsApekSatA kA dUsarA vikalpa liyA jAya to vahA~ sahakArIkRta upakAra ke alAvA aura to koI sApekSatA ghaTatI nahIM, taba do prazna haiM ki vaha upakAra sAmAnya se bhinna hai yA abhitra hai ! abhinna mAneMge to usa upakArarUpa kArya se abhinna sAmAnya bhI sahakArI kA kArya ho jAne se usameM anityatva kI Apatti AyegI / aura bhinna mAneMge to vaha 'sAmAnya kA upakAra' siddha karane ke liye donoM ke bIca Avazyaka koI bhI sambandha ghaTegA nahIM kyoMki vaisA koI sambandha siddha nahIM hai| yadi kahA jAya- 'hama sahakArikRta upakArarUpa sApekSatA nahIM mAnate kintu sahakArI ke sAtha mila kara eka kArya utpanna karane rUpa sahakArIsApekSatA mAnate haiN|' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki nimnalikhita vikalpoM se phalita hogA ki vaisI sahakArIsApekSatA sambhavahIna hai / vikalpa ye haiM ki- sahakArimilanaavasthA meM usa kA jo ekakAryakartRtvarUpa svabhAva hai vaha usa avasthA ke pUrva aura pazcAt kAla meM bhI agara rahegA to phira se sadAkAryotpatti kI Apatti hogI / agara pUrva-pazcAt kAla meM vaha svabhAva nahIM hai aisA mAneMge taba to phira se anityatva kI Apatti AyegI kyoMki svabhAvabheda se vastubheda prasakta hotA hai aura vastu agara palaTa gaI to yahI anityatA hai / yadi kaheM ki sAmAnya meM janakasvabhAvatA hI nahIM hai taba to vaha kisI jJAna kA bhI janaka na hone se usakA jJAna hI kisI ko nahIM hogA taba usakI siddhi kaise hogI ? jisa meM svata: janaka svabhAva nahIM hotA vaha parata: yAnI sahakArisaMnidhAna meM bhI jJAnAdi kA janaka nahIM bana sakatA, jaise zAli kA bIja kodravAMkurajanakasvabhAvI nahIM hai to vaha kSiti-jalAdi paripUrNasAmagrI ke madhyavartI hote huye bhI kodravAMkura kA utpAda nahIM karatA hai| uparAMta, Apa pahale ekAkAraparAmarzahetu ke rUpa meM sAmAnya kI siddhi kara Aye haiM kintu jaba sAmAnya meM janaka svabhAva hI nahIM taba vaha parAmarzajJAna meM bhAsita bhI nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki aisA niyama hai ki jo jJAna kA utpAdaka hote huye apane AkAra

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 157 __ yathA, yadi tat sarvasarvagatamabhyupagamyate tadA vyatyantarAle'pyupalambhaprasaktiH, na cAbhivyaktihetuvyaktyabhAvAt tatrAnupalambhaH, prathamavyaktipratibhAsavelAyAM tadabhivyaktasya sAmAnyasya grahaNe'bhedAt tasya sarvatra sarvadA'bhivyaktatvAt; anyathA'bhivyaktAnabhivyaktasvabhAvabhedAdanekatvaprasaktarasAmAnyarUpatvApattitaH tadantarAle'vazyaMbhAvyupalambha iti upalabdhilakSaNaprAptatvenAbhyupagatasya tatrAnupalambhAdasattvamiti na sarvasarvagataM tat / atha svavyaktisarvagataM taditi nAyaM doSaH, nanve prativyakti tasya parisamAptatvAd vyaktisvarUpavat kA jJAna meM mudraNa kare vahI usa jJAna meM bhAsita ho sakatA hai, arthAt usa jJAna kA viSaya ho sakatA hai / sAmAnya jaMba utpAdakasvabhAva hI nahIM taba vaha kaise jJAna kA viSaya banegA ? phalata: Apa kA abhimata sAmAnya AkAzakusuma tulya asat ho jAyegA, kAraNa sad vastu kA lakSaNa hai 'arthakriyAkAritva' / jo sat padArtha hotA hai usase agara aura koI arthakriyA nahIM hotI taba Akhira jJAnotpAda rUpa arthakriyA to hotI hI hai, kintu sAmAnya meM to vaha bhI nahIM hai to vaha kaise vastubhUta kahA jAyegA ? niSkarSa, Apa nityarUpa se sAmAnya padArtha kI siddhi ke liye jisa abhedAdhyavasAya jJAna kA ullekha kareMge usakA viSaya nityarUpa meM anya pramANa se bAdhita hotA hai / aura bAdhita hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya meM nirbAdhajJAnaviSayatA hI asiddha ho jAne se, hamane jo pahale hamAre anumAna kA hetu prayukta kiyA thA vaha siddha hotA hai / *jAti kI vyaktivyApakatA para AkSepa * aura bhI aneka vikalpoM se sAmAnya padArtha kA jJAna bAdhita siddha hotA hai / jaise yaha prazna ki sAmAnya sarvatra vyApaka hai yA nahIM ? yadi jAtirUpa sAmAnya sarvavyaktiyoM ke bhItara aura bAhara sarvatra vyApaka hogA taba dUra dUra rahe hue do ghaTa ke madhyavartI pradeza meM bhI ghaTatvasAmAnya dRSTigocara hone kI Apatti hogI / yadi kaheM ki- 'jAti vyakti se vyaMgya hone ke kAraNa, madhyavartI deza meM vyakti ke na hone para jAti ke dRSTigocara hone kI Apatti nahIM hogI'- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jAti niraMza hotI hai isaliye usa meM vyaktisthAnIya pradeza meM abhivyakti aura madhyavartI pradeza meM anabhivyakti aise do viruddha dharmoM kA sambhava hI nahIM hai, ata: jaba pahale eka bAra vyakti kA pratibhAsa huA usa vakta vyakti ke mAdhyama se jAti kI bhI abhivyakti ho gaI / taba vyakti-deza meM aura madhyavartI deza meM vahI eka abhinna jAti vidyamAna hone se sarvakAlIna sarvadezIya sAmAnya, niraMza hone se sarvatra vaha abhivyakta ho jAnA cAhiye / aisA agara nahIM mAneMge to jAti meM abhivyakta svabhAva aura anabhivyaktasvabhAva aise do viruddha svabhAvoM kA bheda prApta hone se jAti meM anekatva kI Apatti AyegI, usa ke ekatva kA bhaMga ho jAyegA / usake pariNAmasvarUpa Apa ke abhimata sAmAnya meM asAmAnyatva kI Apatti AyegI / usa ko TAlane ke liye agara svabhAvabheda kA yAnI anabhivyaktasvabhAva kA niSedha kareMge to vahA~ madhyavartI deza meM usa ke upalambha kI Apatti avazyaMbhAvi ho jaayegii| kintu vahA~ upalambha to hotA nahIM hai, ata: yaha samajha liyA jAyegA ki jAti upalabdhi ke liye yogya hone para bhI madhyavartI deza meM upalabdha nahIM hotI hai ata: vahA~ usakA abhAva hai / isa prakAra jAti kI sarvatra vyApakatA kA bhaMga ho jAtA hai| yadi kaheM ki- 'jAti sarvatra vyApaka nahIM hai kintu apane AzrayabhUta vyakti mAtra meM sImita hotI hai, isa prakAra kI vyApakatA hone ke kAraNa madhyavartI deza meM upalambha Adi kA doSa prasakta nahIM hogA / '- to yahA~ dUsarA doSa AyegA, jAti ko AzrayabhUta vyaktimAtra meM sImita mAnane para eka vyakti meM rahI huyI jAti

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158 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tasya bheda eva, abhede ekavyaktAvabhivyaktasya grahaNe'nyavyaktisthasyApi tasya tatsvarUpatvAt pratibhAse tadAdhArapratibhAsamantareNa tadAdheyatApratibhAsasyAnupapatteH- sarvavyaktInAM yugapat pratibhAsaprasaktiH / kRtsnaikadezavRttivikalpAnupapattezvAsattvam / meM kiMca, A ekavyaktisamavetaM tad abhinavotpannavyaktau niSkriyatvAt na yAdi, na ca tad vyatyutpatteH prAk tatrAsIt vyaktirahitasya tasyAvasthAnAnabhyupagamAt; vyaktyutpattyuttarakAlaM tu vyaktyantarAdanAgatasyApi tasya tatra sadbhAva:, sAmAnyazUnyAyA vyakterasattvAbhyupagamAt, 'na cAMzavat tat ekenAMzena prAgutpannavyaktivyavasthitamapyapareNAMzenotpadyamAnavyaktisambandhamanubhavati na ca niraMzatve'pi prAktanAdhArapa - rityAgenAdhArAntare vRttimat tatparityaktavyakterasattvaprasaMgAt na ca yatra pradeze vyaktirvyavasthitA taddezena tasya sambandhastadvayattatyAnusambadhyate ityAdyanekabAdhakasadbhAvAd vyaktibhinnasAmAnyapakSe kathamabAdhitapratyayaviSayatvAt tatsattvam ? ! yairapi - [ zlo0 vA0 AkR0 zlo0 47 ] usI meM sImita ho jAne se anya vyakti meM vahI jAti nahIM pahu~ca pAyegI, ataH AzrayabhUta vyaktibheda kI taraha Azrita jAti meM bhI AzrayabhedamUlaka bheda prasakta hogA / yadi prativyakti usa kA bheda nahIM kintu abheda hI mAneMge taba yaha doSa hogA ki eka vyakti meM jaba vaha abhivyakta ho kara gRhIta hogI taba usa ke ekamAtra abhivyakta svarUpa ke kAraNa anyavyaktiyoM meM bhI usakA pratibhAsa anivArya banegA, yahA~ doSa yaha hai ki AzrayabhUta vyakti ke pratibhAsa ke binA tadAzrita jAti kA avabhAsa hotA nahIM hai isaliye jaba sarvavyaktigata sAmAnya gRhIta hogA taba eka vyakti ke dRSTigocara hone para sabhI vyakti kA eka-sAtha darzana hone kI Apatti AyegI / ekadeza- sarvadezavRttitva ke vikalpa sAmAnya ke bAre meM do aise vikalpa prazna haiM jina kA samIcIna uttara bhI nahIM hai / vyakti meM rahanevAlI jAti apane sarvAMza se vahA~ samAviSTa ho jAtI hai yA ekAMza se ? agara sarvAMza se vaha eka vyakti meM samAviSTa ho jAyegI to anyavyaktiyoM meM jAtizUnyatA kI Apatti hogI / yadi ekAMza se rahane kA mAneMge to jAti meM sAvayavatva kI Apatti hogI aura yaha prazna AyegA ki jAti apane usa aMza ( = avayava) meM sarvAMza se samAviSTa hotI hai yA ekAMza se ? aisI vikalpaparamparA calatI rahegI usakA anta nahIM AyegA / jAti ke bAre meM aura bhI aneka bAdhaka haiM, (A) kisI bhI eka vyakti meM samaveta jAti svayaM to niSkriya hotI hai to abhinavajAta vyakti meM vaha kaise calI jAyegI ? (B) abhinavajAta vyakti utpanna hone ke pahale vaha vahA~ thI yaha bhI nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki vyakti ke vinA vahA~ usa kI upasthiti ko Apa bhI nahIM mAnate haiM / aba vaha anyavyakti se vahA~ nahIM calI AtI, phira bhI vyakti kI utpatti ke bAda aisI hI agamya rIti se vahA~ upasthita ho jAtI hai aisA mAnanA paDegA kyoMki sAmAnyarahita vyakti to sattAzUnya hone se asat hI mAnI jAtI hai / (C)vaha sAvayava bhI nahIM hai ki jisa se eka aMza se pUrvotpanna vyakti ke sAtha juDI rahe aura anya aMza se abhinavajAta vyakti ke sAtha sambandhAnubhava kare ! (D) niravayava hone para bhI aisA mAnanA paDegA ki pUrvotpanna vyakti kA tyAga kiye binA hI vaha kisI agamya rIti se navajAta vyakti se sambandha kara letI hai, kyoMki sAmAnya sambandha ke vinA usa navajAta vyakti ko asat mAnane kI Apatti khaDI ho jAyegI / . dRSTaSya - pramANavArttike pR0 304, tR0 pari0 lo0 152 pUrvArdha - 153

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 kasmAt sAsnAdimatsvevaM gotvaM yasmAt tadAtmakam / tAdAtmyamasya kasmAt cet svabhAvAditi gamyatAm // iti vacanAd vyaktisvabhAvaM sAmAnyamabhyupagataM teSAmapi vyaktivat tasyA'sAdhAraNarUpatvaM vyatayudaya-vinAzayoca tayogitvaM prasaktamiti na sAmAnyarUpatA / athA'sAdhAraNatvamutpAdavinAzayogitvaM ca tasya nAbhyupagamyate tarhi viruddhadharmAdhyAsato vyaktibhyastasya bhedaprasaktiH / Aha ca-[ ] tAdAtmyaM ced mataM jaatervyktijnmnyjaattaa| nAze'nAzazca keneSTastadvattvAna tvayo na kim (1) // vyaktijanmAnyajAtA cedAgatA nAzrayAntarAt / prAgAsId na ca taddeze sA tayA saMgatA katham // vyaktinAzena cennaSTA gatA vyaktyantaraM na ca / tat zUnye na sthitA deze sA jAtiH kveti kathyatAm // (E) aisA bhI nahIM hai ki jisa jisa deza meM vyakti rahatI hai una dezoM ke sAtha jAti kA sambandha usa vyakti dvArA hI prayukta ho jAtA hai| ___ jaba vyakti bhinna sAmAnya mAnane ke pakSa meM itane bAdhakoM kI paramparA prasakta hai taba jAti meM nirbAdhapratItiviSayatA kaise ? aura tatprayukta astitva bhI usakA kaise siddha hogA ? *sAmAnya ke vyaktisvabhAva pakSa meM AkSepa kucha logoMne zlokavArttikavacana ke AdhAra para sAmAnya ko vyaktisvarUpa hI mAnA hai / zlo0 vA. ke vacana kA artha :- "galagodaDI Adi avayava viziSTa vyakti meM hI gotva hotA hai (anya meM nahIM hotA) aisA kyoM ? isa prazna kA yahI uttara hai ki gotva govyaktiAtmaka hI hotA hai / prazna :- gotva govyaktiAtmaka hI kyoM hai ? isa prazna kA yahI uttara hai :- svabhAva / " isa vacana ke AdhAra para sAmAnya ko vyaktisvarUpa mAnane vAle vidvAnoM ke mata meM, jAti meM vyakti kI bhA~ti asAdhAraNatA aura vyakti ke utpatti-vinAza se jAti meM bhI utpAda-vinAza prasakta hogA / phalata: jAti kI sAmAnyarUpatA kA bhaMga ho jAyegA / yadi kaheM ki hama jAti-vyakti kA abheda mAneMge lekina jAti meM asAdhAraNatA aura utpAda-vinAza nahIM mAneMge taba to viruddhadharmAdhyAsa prasakta hogA kyoMki jAti-vyakti ubhayasvarUpa eka hI padArtha meM vyaktirUpatA ke kAraNa asAdhAraNatA aura utpAda-vinAza bhI rahegA, evaM jAtirUpatA ke kAraNa una kA abhAva bhI rahegA / isa viruddhadharmAdhyAsa kI prasakti ke kAraNa jAti aura vyakti meM bheda hI prasakta hogA, abheda nahIM rhegaa| kahA bhI hai "yadi vyakti-jAti kA tAdAtmya mAneMge to vyakti kA janma hone para bhI jAti kA anutpAda aura vyakti kA nAza hone para bhI jAti kA anAza kauna mAnegA ? uparAMta, vyakti kI bhA~ti jAti meM bhI ananvaya = asAdhAraNatA kyoM prasakta na hogI ?" "yadi vyakti ke sAtha usa kA (jAti kA)janma nahIM nA, anya Azraya se vahA~ usa kA Agamana 1. 'taccAnanvayo' iti prameyaka0 10 138 dvi0 50 14 pAThaH / tadvat = vyaktivat / ananvayaH = asAdhAraNatA iti vyAkhyAtaM prameSaka. TI0 pR0 138 dvi0 50 19 - iti puurvmudrite|

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160 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyakti(te)rjAtyAdiyoge'pi yadi jAteH sa neSyate / tAdAtmyaM kathamiSTaM syAdanupaplutacetasAm // ata eva-[zlo0 vA. AkR0 zlo0 35-36] "sAmAnyaM nAnyadiSTaM cet tasya vRtterniyAmakam / gotvenApi vinA kasmAd gobuddhirna niyamyate // yathA tulye'pi bhinnatve keSucid vRttyvRttitaa| gotvAderanimittA'pi tathA buddherbhaviSyati // " iti pUrvapakSayitvA yaduktaM kumArilena [zlo0 vA. AkR0 zlo0 37-38] "viSayeNa hi buddhInAM vinA notpattiripyate / vizeSAdanyadicchanti sAmAnyaM tena tad dhruvam // tA hi tena vinotpannA mithyAH syurvissyaahte| natvanyena vinA vRttiH sAmAnyasyeha duSyati // " nahIM huA, evaM usa dezameM pahale (vyakti kI utpatti ke pahale) usa kA avasthAna bhI nahIM thA taba usakA vyakti ke sAtha milana kaise ho gayA ?" ____ "na to Azraya (vyakti)kA nAza hone para usa kA nAza huA hai, na to anya vyakti kI ora prasthAna huA hai, aura na usa vyaktizUnya deza meM (vyaktinAza ke bAda) usakI sthiti hai, taba vaha kahA~ rahI yA gaI ?" "yadi vyakti meM janma-vinAza kA yoga hote huye bhI tadabhinna jAti meM utpatti nahIM mAnate haiM to aise tAdAtmya ko abhrAnta cittavAle vidvAna kaise mAna leMge ?" sAmAnyabuddhi meM mithyAtvApatti- iSTa apohavAdI kahatA hai ki sAmAnya meM uparokta bAdhaka prasakta haiM isI liye, kumArilane zlokavArtika meM pahale do zloka se pUrvapakSa upasthita kara ke bAda meM jo do zloka se usakA khaMDana kiyA hai vaha bhI parAsta ho jAtA hai / loka0 meM pUrvapakSa meM prativAdI kahatA hai ki "kucha hI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha sAmAnya ke yoga kA niyamana karane ke liye agara sAmAnyAntara Avazyaka nahIM hai, kyoMki kucha hI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha sAmAnya ke yoga kA niyAmaka unakA svabhAva hI hai taba gotvAdi sAmAnya ke binA bhI gobuddhi kA niyamana, svabhAva se kyoM nahIM hotA ?" "bhinnatA samAna hone para bhI (yAnI zAbaleyAdi meM azvAdi se evaM bAhuleyAdi piNDoM se bhinnatA ekarUpa hone para bhI) kucha hI vyaktiyoM meM (zAbaleya-bAhuleyAdi meM) sAmAnya vRtti honA mAnA jAtA hai to vaise hI gotvAdi rUpa nimitta ke na hone para bhI (anugatAkAra) gobuddhi kI utpatti bhI ho jaayegii|" isa pUrvapakSa kA parihAra karate hue kumArilane kahA hai, "viSaya ke vinA buddhi kI utpatti zakya nahIM hai isa liye vyaktiyoM se pRthak sAmAnya avazya mAnate haiN|" "yadi buddhiyA~ viSaya ke vinA hI utpanna ho jAyegI to jarUra ve viSaya ke abhAva meM mithyA bana jAyegI,

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 vizeSaH ; tannirastam bAdhakapratyayanibandhanasya mithyAtvasya sAmAnyabuddhau pratipAditatvAt / asadetat- yato yadi nityam vyApakaM ca vyaktibhya ekAntato bhinnamabhinnaM vA sAmAnyamabhyupagamyeta tadA syAd yathoktabAdhakAvakAzaH / yadA tu sadRzapariNAmalakSaNaM sAmAnyam' visadRzapariNatilakSaNastu tadAtmakaM caikaM vastu tadA'tyantabhedAbhedapakSabhAvidoSAnuSaGgo'nAspada eva / atha sAdhAraNA'sAdhAraNarUpasyaikatvavirodho'trApi bAdhakam / yad yadAkAraparihArAvasthitasvarUpaM tat tato bhinnam, yathA ghaTarUpaparihArAvasthitasvarUpaH paTaH, asAdhAraNarUpaparihArAvasthitaM casAdhAraNaM rUpamiti kutastayorabhedaH ? tathApyabhede na kiJcidapi bhinnaM syAt anyasya bhedavyavasthAhetorabhAvAt / kathaMcid bhedAbhedAbhyupagamepi tayoryenAkAreNa bhedastena bheda eva yena cAbhedastenApyabheda jaba ki anya sAmAnya ke vinA bhI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha sAmAnya kA yoga mAna liyA jAya to vaisA koi (buddhi meM mithyAtvaprasakti jaisA) doSa prasakta nahIM hotA hai' yaha kumArila kathana aba parAsta ho jAtA hai kyoMki pUrvokta rIti se abhedapratibhAsa meM aneka bAdhakoM kA samparka siddha hone se sAmAnyabuddhi meM mithyAtvaprasakti kA nirUpaNa vistAra se kara diyA hai / sAmAnyavirodhavAda pUrvapakSa samApta sAmAnya sadRzapariNAmasvarUpa hai- jaina mata apohavAdIne uparokta rIti se jo sAmAnyavAdI ke matameM bAdhaka nirUpaNa kiyA hai vaha galata hai| kAraNa, yadi hama nyAya-vaizeSika - mImAMsaka vAdiyoM kI taraha sAmAnya ko ekAntataH nitya, vyApaka aura vyaktiyoM se ekAnta bhinna yA abhinna hone kA mAneM taba to uparokta bAdhakoM ko avakAza prApta ho jAya / kintu hama syAdvAdI to aisA mAnate haiM ki vastugata jo sadRzapariNati hai vahI sAmAnya hai, visadRzapariNati hI vizeSa hai, aura vastu mAtra kathaMcit (ekAntata: nahIM) tathAvidha sAmAnya- vizeSa ubhayAtmaka hotI hai| aisA mAnane para jAti-vyakti ke ekAnta bhedapakSa aura ekAnta abhedapakSa meM hone vAle doSoM kA sparza yahA~ niravakAza ho jAtA hai / kAraNa, ekAntabheda pakSa meM jo bAdhaka haiM ve jaise una ke abheda ko siddha karatA haiM, vaise hI ekAnta abhedapakSa meM jo bAdhaka haiM ve una ke bheda ko siddha karate haiM / isa prakAra samAna balavAle ubhayapakSIya bAdhakoM se kathaMcit bhedAbheda pakSa svayaM phalita hotA hai / 161 samAna asamAnarUpa meM ekatvavirodha kI AzaMkA apohavAdI :- syAdvAdI sAdhAraNa asAdhAraNa ubhayarUpavAlI vastu meM yadi ubhayarUpatA ho sakatI hai to ekarUpatA nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki ubhayarUpatA ke sAtha ekatva kA virodha hai / isa taraha virodharUpa bAdhaka syAdvAda meM bhI prasakta hai / vaha isa prakAra : - yaha niyama hai ki jo jisa AkAra ko choDa kara rahane ke svarUpavAlI ho vaha vastu parihRtaAkAravAlI cIja se bhinna hotI hai / udA0 vastra ghaTarUpa kA parihAra karake rahatA hai to vaha ghaTa se sarvathA bhinna hai / sAdhAraNasvarUpa sAmAnya bhI asAdhAraNarUpa ko choDa kara rahane vAlA hai ataH baha asAdhAraNarUpa se abhinna kaise ho sakatA hai ? bagaira yukti ke bhI Apa virodha kI upekSA kara ke vahA~ abheda mAneMge to vizva meM kahIM bhI bheda ko sthAna rahegA nahIM, kyoMki paraspara virodharUpa bAdhaka ke alAvA

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162 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam eva, naikaM sAdhAraNA'sAdhAraNadharmadvayAtmakaM vastu, virodhAt / atha yena rUpeNa bhedastenApi naikAntena bheda eva, kiM tarhi ? bhedAbhedaH / nanu tatrApi yenAkAreNa bhedastena bheda eva ityAdivacanAdanavasthAprasaktirityAdi na kathaM bAdhakam ? - asadetat, samAnA'samAnAkAratayA bahiH zAbaleyAdeH parisphuTapratipattau pratibhAsamAnasyaikatvena virodhA'siddheH, anyathA grAhya grAhakasaMvittitritayAdhyAsitaM kathamekaM saMvedanaM syAt ? citrajJAnaM vA parasparaviruddhanIlAdyanekAkAraM kathamekamabhyupagamyeta, yenedaM vacaH zobheta - 'citrapratibhAsApyekaiva buddhi:, bAhyacitravilakSaNatvAt' [ ] iti ? atha 'kiM syAt sA citrataikasyAM na syAt tasyAM mattAvapi ' [pra0 vA0 2-210 pUrvArdhaH ] iti vacanAt sApyanekAkAraikA neSyate iti nAyaM doSaH / nanvevamabhyupaaura koI bhedaprayojaka nahIM hai| yadi kaheM ki 'hama sarvathA bhedAbheda nahIM mAnate haiM kintu kathaMcid bhedAbheda mAnate haiM' to vahA~ bhI virodha to tadavastha hI rahegA, kyoMki jisa AkAra se vahA~ bheda hai usa AkAra se vahA~ abheda nahIM rahegA aura jisa AkAra se vahA~ abheda rahegA usa AkAra ko kara vahA~ bheda nahIM raha sakatA, yahA~ bhI ekaAkAraprayukta bheda aura abheda meM virodha khaDA hai, isaliye eka vastu sAdhAraNa aura asAdhAraNa aise virodhi dharmayugala se AliMgita ho nahIM sakatI / yadi kaheM ki ' AkAravizeSa ko le kara jo bheda hai, vaha bhI sarvathA bhedarUpa nahIM kintu kathaMcid bhedAbheda rUpa hI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki "AkAravizeSaprayukta bheda bhI anya kisI eka "AkAra se bhedAtmaka aura 'tadanya AkAra ko lekara abhedAtmaka - isa prakAra kathaMcit bhedAbheda hotA hai / ' - to yahA~ phira se vahI punarAvarttana hogA, jisa AkAra se bheda hai usa AkAra ko lekara bheda hI na ki abheda... ityAdi punaH punaH paramparA jArI rahane para anavasthA doSa hogA / taba kaise Apa kahate haiM ki kathaMcit bhedAbheda meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai ? B - citrajJAna meM ekatva kaise ? uttara syAdvAdI : yaha prazna galata hai| spaSTAnubhava meM jo zAbaleyAdi bAhya padArtha samAnAkAra rUpa se bhAsatA hai vahI padArtha spaSTAnubhava meM asamAnAkAra rUpa se bhI bhAsita hotA hai| isa prakAra jaba eka hI zAbaleyAdi piMDa ubhayAkAra se bhAsamAna hai taba usa meM virodha kaisA ? virodha na hone para bhI AkArabheda ko lekara Apa ko vahA~ virodha mAnanA hI hai taba to Apake mata meM eka hI saMvedana (svaprakAza hone ke kAraNa ) grAhyAkAra, arthagrAhI hone ke kAraNa grAhakAkAra aura sphurat svarUpa hone se saMvedanAkAra ye tIna AkAra mAne gaye haiM, vahA~ bhI AkArabheda ko lekara saMvedana kI ekatA ke bhaMga kI Apatti hogI / uparAMta, bAhya citrAtmaka artha ko eka na mAnate huye bhI tadviSayaka yAnI parasparaviruddha nIla-pItAdi anekAkAra citrajJAna ko kyoM eka mAnate haiM ? jaba Apa zAbaleyAdi piMDa meM AkArabheda se virodha kA udbhAvana karate haiM taba Apa kA yaha vacana kaise zobhAspada TharegA ki - " bAhyacitrAtmaka artha aneka hote hue bhI tadviSayaka buddhi apane viSaya se vilakSaNa svarUpavAlI hone se citrAkAra pratibhAsarUpa hotI huyI bhI eka hI hotI hai / " ? bauddhavAdI : pramANavArttika meM kahA hai ki - "buddhi eka hI ho aura usa meM citratA ( anekAkAratA) bhI mAnI jAya, aura aisI eka buddhi ke viSayarUpa citrAtmaka dravya bhI eka mAnA jAya to kaisA ? are (citra dravya eka na hone se ) hama buddhi meM bhI citratA nahIM mAneMge, kyoMki AkAravaividhya hI bhedarUpa hai / " isa vacana ke AdhAra para hama anekAkAra buddhi ko bhI eka nahIM kintu anekarUpa mAnate haiM / ataH

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 163 gacchatA grAhya-grAhakAkAraviviktA sA'bhyupagatA bhavati, svasaMvedane ca sA yadi tathaivAvabhAti tadA grAhya-grAhakAkArapratibhAsaH kvacidapi jJAne na pratibhAsate ityapravRttikaM jagat syAt / atha grAhya-grAhakavinirmuktamAtmAnaM pracchAdya saMvittiriyaM svasaMvedane caitanyalakSaNaM svabhAvamAdarzayati, kathaM tarhAnekAntaM sA pratikSipet ? pratibhAsamAnA'pratibhAsamAnayozca caitanya-grAhagrAhakAkAravivekalakSaNayodharmayoravirodhaM ca kathaM na prakAzayet ? api ca dvividho vo virodhaH - sahAnavasthAnalakSaNaH, parasparaM parihArasthitilakSaNazca / sa ca dvividho'pyekopalambhe'parAnupalambhAd vyavasthApyate, sAdhAraNA'sAdhAraNAkArayostvadhyakSeNa bhedAbhedAtmatayA pratIteH kathaM virodhaH ? tadrUpA'tadrUpAkArate hi tayorbhedAbhedau, tathAvabhAsanameva ca tayorbhedAbhedagrahaNamiti kathaM virodhA'navasthAnAdidUSaNAvakAzaH ? na ca tayoH parasparaparihArasthitalakSaNatA sambhavati avyavacchedaApane 'citrajJAna ko kyoM eka mAnate ho' aisA kaha kara jo doSodbhAvana kiyA hai vaha doSarUpa nahIM hai / (iSTApatti hI hai / ) syAdvAdI : are / taba to grAhyAkAra evaM grAhakAkAra se zUnya eka mAtra saMvedanAkAra hI buddhi mAnanI hogI, kyoMki svaprakAza hone se pratyeka buddhi saMvedanAkAra to anubhavasiddha hai, phalata: kisI bhI jJAna meM grAhyAkAra aura grAhakAkAra kA pratibhAsa na hone para sirpha jJAnAkAra mAtra kA hI saMvedana hone para, bAhyArtha asaMvidita raha jAne se usa ke liye hone vAlI sampUrNa pravRtti ruka jAyegI aura sArA jagat pravRttizUnya ho jaayegaa| bauddhavAdI : buddhi svayaM grAhyagrAhakAkArazUnya hone para bhI vaha svasaMvedana meM apanI jAta ko usa svarUpa meM pradarzita nahIM karatI kintu (usa svarUpa ko AcchAdita kara ke) sirpha apane caitanyamaya svabhAva ko hI pradarzita karatI hai / grAhyagrAhakAkArazUnya rUpa se vaha svasaMvidita na hone ke kAraNa vAsanAjanya bAhyArtha pravRtti kI bAdhaka nahIM bana sakatI, ata: pravRttizUnyatA kI Apatti niravakAza hai / syAvAdI : jaba Apa eka hI buddhi meM caitanyasvarUpa dharma kA pratibhAsa aura grAhyagrAhakAkArazUnyatArUpa dharma kA apratibhAsa, aise paraspara viruddha do dharmoM ke samAveza vAlI eka buddhi kA aMgIkAra karate ho taba vaha buddhi anekAntavAda kA pratikSepa kaise kara pAyegI ? 'viruddha dikhAI dene vAle aneka dharmoM kA eka dharmI meM samAveza' yahI anekAnta hai jo usa buddhi meM bhI dikhate haiM / uparAMta, vahI buddhi pratibhAsamAna caitanya dharma aura apratibhAsamAna grAhyagrAhakAkArazUnyatAtmaka dharma ina donoM ke avirodha ko bhI kyoM nahIM siddha karegI jaba vaha svayaM una donoM dharmoM kA adhikaraNa hai ?! virodha ke donoM prakAra meM bhedAbhedapratIti bAdhaka* Apa mAnate haiM virodha ke do prakAra haiM (1) sahAnavasthAna svarUpa jaise gotva-azvatva kA (2) parasparaparihAra kara ke rahanA jaise andhakAra-prakAza kA / donoM prakAra ke virodha kI isa vyavasthA kA mUla to eka hI hai - 'eka ke kahIM upalabdha hone para vahA~ dUsare kI upalabdhi na honA / ' prastuta meM, sAdhAraNAkArasvarUpa sAmAnya kI evaM asAdhAraNAkArasvarUpa vizeSa kI eka hI Azraya vyakti meM kathaMcit bhinna evaM abhinna rUpa meM jaba spaSTa pratIti ho rahI hai taba yahA~ virodha kA uparokta mUla hI kahA~ hai ? vyakti meM sAmAnya-vizeSa kI tadrUpatA kA honA yahI kathaMcit abheda hai aura atadrUpAkAratA kA honA hI kathaMcit bheda hai; jaba tadrUpatA evaM atadrUpatA

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164 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rUpatayA pratyakSa pratibhAsanAt / na ca sAmAnyavizeSayorAkAranAnAtve'pyanAnAtve'nyatrApyanyato'nyasyA'. nyatvaM na syAt iti vaktuM yuktam, sAmAnya-vizeSavat tAdAtmyenAnyatra pratyakSato'grahaNAt grahaNe vA bhavatyevAkAranAnAtve'pi nAnAtvAbhAvaH / na cAkAranAnAtve'pi sAmAnyavizeSayoramedAtipattirmiNyA, bAdhakAbhAvAt / na ca 'svabhAvabhedAt sAmAnyavizeSayorghaTa-paTAdivad bheda eva' ityanumAnaM nAyakaM pratyakSasya, pratyakSeNa bAdhitatvAdatrAnumAnApravRtteH / athAnumAnaviSaye na pramANAntaravAdhA / nanvevaM dhvanerabhAvaNatve'pi sAdhye sattvAderyayokkalakSaNatayA pramANAntarA'vAdhitatvena pratipattiH syAt, sapakSe ghaTAdau sattvA'bhAvaNalayostAdAtmyasyAdhyakSeNAdhigamAt / donoM kA eka hI vyakti me avabodha hotA hai, yahI to bhedAbheda kA grahaNa hai / isa sthiti meM na to virodha ko avakAza hai na to pUrvoktasvarUpa (jisa AkAra se bheda hai usa AkAra se bhI yadi anyAkAra prayukta bhedAbheda hone para) anavasthAdi dUSaNa ko sthAna hai| andhakAra-prakAza kI taraha bhedAbheda meM 'eka-dUsare ko choDa kara rahanA' aisA bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki sAmAnAdhikaraNyagrAhI pratyakSa se hI yaha dekhA gayA hai ki bheda aura abheda ekadUsare ke vyavacchedakArI nahIM hai / yadi kaheM - 'sAmAnyAkAra aura vizeSAkAra meM spaSTa hI svarUpabheda hai, ata: vastu yadi sAmAnyAkAra hogI to vizeSAkAra nahIM hogI evaM usa se ulTA bhI / aisI sthiti meM bhI yadi Apa donoM ko vastu se abhinna hI mAneMge, taba to dUsarI jagaha bhI eka vastu (ghaTa) kA anya (vasa) vastu se anyatva nahIM mAna sakeMge bhale hI vahA~ donoM ke svarUpa bhinna bhinna ho|' - to yaha bolane kI jarUra nahIM hai / kAraNa, prastuta meM, eka vastu meM sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhaya kA tAdAtmya jaise pratyakSa se gRhIta hotA hai vaise dUsarI jagaha ghaTa aura paTa kA tAdAtmya pratyakSa se gRhIta nahIM hotA hai / athavA yadi aisI koI do vastu hai jaise miTTI aura ghaTa, aura vahA~ pratyakSa se tAdAtmya gRhIta hotA hai to vahA~ AkArabheda hone para bhI hameM abheda svIkArya hI hai / "sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM AkArabheda hone para bhI agara Apa abheda kI pratIti kareMge to vaha mithyA hogI'' aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki mithyA siddha karane ke liye Avazyaka koI bAdhaka yahA~ hai nahIM / yadi kaheM ki - 'svabhAvabhedarUpa hetu aura ghaTa-paTAdi ke udAharaNa se sAmAnyavizeSa meM bheda kA anumAna hogA, jo Apa ke abhimata abheda-pratyakSapratIti kA bAdha karegA' - to yaha niSphala hai, kyoMki balavAna abhedapratyakSapratIti se pratyuta Apa kA anumAna hI bAdhita ho jAne se, usa kI pravRtti hI nahIM hogii| anumAna meM pramANAntarabAdhaviraha kI zaMkA kA uttara yadi kaheM ki - "jisakA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai usa ke bAre meM anya pramANa bAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA (kyoMki saMbhava hai ki bAdhakarUpa se upasthApita pramANa svayaM pramANAbhAsa ho aura anumAna kA viSaya satya ho / ' - to yaha ThIka nahIM kyoMki anumAna meM pramANAntarabAdha na mAnane para dhvani meM sattva hetu aura ghaTa-udAharaNa se koI azrAvaNatva kA anumAna bhI kara sakatA hai / isa anumAna meM sattva hetu pramANAntara bAdhita hone para bhI Apa ke kathanAnusAra vaha abAdhita hone ke kAraNa dhvani meM azrAvaNatva kA bodha prAmANika bana jaayegaa| yahA~ ghaTa sapakSa hai kyoMki usa meM sattva hetu aura azrAvaNa sAdhya kA sAmAnAdhikaraNyasvarUpa kathaMcit tAdAtmya pratyakSasiddha hai|

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 athAntarvyApyabhAvAnnAnayorvyApyavyApakabhAvaH tat prakRtAnumAne'pi tulyam / 'pakSasyA'dhyakSa viruddhatvAdazrAaNatvAnumAnA'pravRttiH' iti cet ? na tarhi svabhAvabhedAnumAne'pi pramANAntarabAdhAvirahaH, lakSaNayukte bAdhA'sambhave'nyatrApi tatsambhavAt / hetorasAdhyena zrAvaNatvena virodhAbhAvAt saMzayitavyatirekasyA'yathoktatve'nyatrApi kathaMcit svabhAvabhedasyA'bhedenA'virodhAt samAnamutpazyAmaH / sarvathA svabhAvabhedasya cAbhedavirodhino dRSTAnte'pyabhAvAt ghaTAderapi kenacidAkAreNa sadRzatvenA'bhedAt / yadi punaH ' tAdAtmyara - hitA'tyantasvabhAva bhedAt' iti hetvartho vivakSitastadA'siddho hetuH sAmAnyavizeSayoH tAdAtmyenApi pratya - yadi kahA jAya 'sattva aura azrAvaNattva kA ghaTa meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya hone para bhI sattva meM azrAvaNattva kI tarkamUlaka vyApti ke na hone se una ke bIca meM vyApya vyApakabhAva asiddha hai ataH isa anumAna kI pravRtti nahIM hogI' to Apa ke prakRta anumAna meM bhI yaha bAta samAna hai ki svabhAvabheda hetu meM sAmAnyavizeSa bheda kI tarkamUlaka vyApti na hone se yahA~ bhI vyApyavyApakabhAva asiddha hone se Apa ke ukta anumAna kI pravRtti nahIM hogI / arthAt sAmAnya - vizeSa meM svabhAvabheda bhI ho sakatA hai aura paraspara abheda bhI ho sakatA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya "azrAvaNatva sAdhya pakSAtmaka dhvani se atyanta viruddha hai kyoMki dhvani to zrAvaNapratyakSa hI hotA hai, zrAvaNatva aura azrAvaNatva paraspara viruddha hotA hai ataH pramANAntara bAdha na mAnane para bhI vahA~ virodha ke kAraNa anumAnapravRtti zakya nahIM hai / " to Apane jo svabhAvabhedahetuka sAmAnya vizeSabheda sAdhaka anumAna prastuta kiyA hai vahA~ bhI pramANAntara ke bAdha kA viraha Apa nahIM kaha sakate / bAdha kA lakSaNa (= svarUpa) hai pakSa meM sAdhya ke abhAva kA anya pramANa se nizcaya / isa nizcaya ke hote huye bhI a ko svabhAvabhedahetuka anumAna meM bAdha amAnya hai to anyatra sattvAdihetuka azrAvaNatvAdi ke anumAna meM bhI bAdha amAnya karane kA pUrA sambhava hai / Jain Educationa International -- - yadi aisA kaheM ki 'sattva hetu kA sAdhyaviparIta zrAvaNatva ke sAtha agara virodha hotA taba to usa kI vipakSavyAvRtti sunizcita rahane se anumAnapravRtti zakya thI kintu sattva kA zrAvaNatva ke sAtha virodha na hone se, usa kI vipakSavyAvRtti saMzayagrasta hone kI dazA meM (ayathoktatve... ) bAdhaviraha kA saMbhava nahIM hai, api tu pramANAntara bAdha ho sakatA hai' to Apa ke anumAna meM bhI vaha prasakta hogA, kyoMki sarvathA svabhAvabheda ko abheda ke sAtha virodha ho sakatA hai kintu kathaJcit svabhAvabheda ko abheda ke sAtha virodha na hone se vahA~ bhI svabhAvabheda hetu kI vipakSavyAvRtti saMdigdha ho jAne se pramANAntara - bAdha kA viraha Tala jAtA hai / yadi kaheM ki 'hamane kathaMcit nahIM kintu sarvathA svabhAvabheda ko hI hetu kiyA hai jo abheda kA virodhI hai' to Apake dRSTAnta meM bhI vaisA hetu siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTa aura vastra meM bhI kisI na kisI sattva, dravyatva, bhautikatvAdi rUpa se sAdRzya jIvita hone se kathaMcit abheda hone ke kAraNa sarvathA svabhAvabheda nahIM rahatA / yadi kaheM ki 'svabhAvabhedarUpa hetu kA artha tAdAtmyazUnya atyanta svabhAvabheda hai, tAtparya, jina bhAva aura abhAva meM tAdAtmyazUnya sarvathA svabhAvabheda hIM rahatA hai aise svabhAvabheda ko hetu banAe~ge to uparokta doSa nahIM hogA / ' to yahA~ hetu hI asiddha rahegA kyoMki sAmAnya vizeSa meM pratyakSa se hI kathaMcit abheda pratIti prasiddha hai, ataH tAdAtmyazUnya svabhAvabheda rUpa hetu hI vahA~ nahIM rahegA / yadi kaheM ki - svabhAvabheda hetuka hamAre anumAna se sAmAnya - vizeSa meM tAdAtmyazUnya bheda kI siddhi kareMge aura usa anumAna se sAmAnya - vizeSa 165 For Personal and Private Use Only

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166 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kSataH pratIteH / na ca prakRtAnumAnabAdhanAt tattAdAtmyapratItintiriti nAsiddho hetuH, itaretarAzrayadoSaprasaMgAt / / tathAhi - prakRtAnumAnasya pravRttau tanmithyAtvena pakSadharmatAnizcayaH, tanizcaye cAnumAnasya pravRttiriti vyaktamitaretarAzrayatvam / pramANAntareNa tadAdhane prakRtasAdhanavaiphalyam, tata eva tadbhedasiddheH / 'sAmAnyavizeSayorbheda eva, bhinnayogakSematvAt himavad-vindhyayoriti(va)' ityetadapi sAdhanaM prAnjhadarzita sAdhanadoSaM nAtivartate ityayuktameva / bhinnayogakSematvasya vipakSaNa sAkSAdavirodhino'nizvitavyatirekasya bhedena vyApyasiddhezca / athA'sAdhyasya sAdhanaviruddhaikayogakSematvavyAptatvAd virodhaH pAramparyeNa siddha eva / bhavedetat tAdAtmya sAdhaka pratyakSa pratIti bhrAnta siddha hone para hamArA tAdAtmyazUnya svabhAvabheda hetu asiddha nahIM hogA' - to yahA~ spaSTa hI anyonyAzraya doSa prasakta hai| tAdAtmyazUnyasvabhAvabheda para anyonyAzraya doSa vaha isa prakAra : - tAdAtmyazUnya svabhAvabhedahetuka anumAna kI pravRtti se pratyakSa pratIti meM bhrAntatA siddha hone para 'hetu pakSavRtti hai' yaha siddha hogA aura hetu meM pakSavRttitva siddha hone ke bAda anumAna pravRtta ho sakegA - anyonyAzraya spaSTa hai| bhedavAdI : 'sAmAnya-vizeSa bhinna hI hai, kyoMki donoM ke yogakSema bhinna bhinna haiN| jaise : himAlaya aura vindhyAcala / himAcala meM bArIza ho taba vindhyAcala meM bhI bArIza ho, himAcala meM ThaMDa ho taba vindhyAcala meM bhI ThaMDa ho, himAcala meM garmI ho taba vindhyAcala meM bhI garmI ho, aisA tulya yoga-kSema ina donoM meM na hone se, donoM meM bheda prasiddha hai / isI prakAra sAmAnyapadArtha aura vizeSa padArtha ina donoM ke bhI yogakSema bhinna bhinna haiM isaliye ina donoM meM bhI bheda hI ho sakatA hai|" bhedAbhedavAdI : Apa ke isa anumAna meM bhI pUrvAnumAna ke hetu meM jaise pramANAntarabAdha Adi doSa pradarzita kiye gaye haiM ve saba yahA~ lAgU hote haiM / ata: yaha anumAna bhI galata hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki abhedarUpa vipakSa ke sAtha bhinna yoga-kSematva kA koI sAkSAt virodha siddha nahIM hai / (kyoMki miTTI aura ghaTa ke abhinna hote hue bhI ghaTa se jalAharaNa hotA hai, miTTI se nahIM hotA....ityAdi bhinna bhinna yogakSema dekhA gayA hai) ataH vipakSavyAvRtti jisa kI zaMkAgrasta hai vaise bhitrayogakSematva hetu meM bheda kI vyApti bhI siddha nahIM ho sktii| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "sAdhyavirodhI jo abheda hai usa kA vyApya jo tulya yogakSematva hai vaha hetu kA virodhI hai / ata: sAdhyavirodhI ke vyApya kA virodhI hetu hone se paramparayA asAdhya (vipakSa) kA bhI virodha hetu ke sAtha siddha huaa| isa prakAra hetu meM vipakSavRttitva kI zaMkA Tala jAne se vyApti siddha ho jaayegii|" - to yaha aisA tabhI kaha sakate haiM jaba vyApaka (sAdhya) ke virodhI abheda ke sAtha ukta rIti se vyApya kA virodha siddha mAnA jAya / dekhiye - virodha ke do prakAra haiM una meM se, abheda (vyApakavirodhI) aura bhitra yogakSematva kA sahAnavasthAna rUpa pahalA virodha nahIM hai kyoMki miTTI aura ghaTa kI bAta abhI kara Aye haiN| evaM 'eka dUsare ko choDa kara rahanA' yaha dUsarA virodha bhI yahA~ abheda aura bhinnayogakSematva ke bIca nahIM hai 1. yahA~ aprApta kI prApti yoga aura prApta kI rakSA kSema, aisA artha nahIM lenA hai; kintu jo bAta eka ke liye vaha dUsare ke liye bhI arthAt samAna arthakriyA athavA lAbha-hAni athavA samAnaruci ityAdisvarUpa yoga-kSema kI bAta hai / yahA~ sAmAnya-vizeSa meM eka sApa utpatti, eka sAtha vinAza ityAdi yogakSema le sakate haiN|

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 167 yadi tatrApi vyApyasya vyApakavirodhinA virodhaH sidhyet; sa cA'siddha: virodhadvayasyApyasiddheH / bhinnayogakSemasyApyabhedAbhyupagame bhedaH kvacidapi na sidhyediti vizvamekaM syAditi cet ? syAdetat yadyAbhyAM bhedAbhedavyavahAravyavasthA bhavet sA tu bhedAbhedapratibhAsavazAditi sAmAnyavizeSayorasahotpAdavinAze'pyabhedapratibhAsAdabhedo na viruddha iti kathaM na vastubhUtasAmAnyasadbhAvaH ? na ca yadeva zAbaleyavyaktau sadRzapariNatilakSaNaM sAmAnyaM tadeva bAhuleyavyaktAvapi, vyApakasyaikasya sarvagovyaktyanuyAyinaH tasyA'nabhyupagamAt / tadanabhyupagamazca zAbaleyAdivyaktInAM bAhuleyAdivyaktisadRzatayA pratibhAse'pyekAnugatasAmAnyakroDIkRtatvenA'pratibhAsanAt / pareNApi hi 'samAnA iti tadgrahAt " [pra0 vA0 3 107 ] iti bruvatA svahetubhyaH eva kecicchAbaleyAdivyaktivizeSaH sadRzAH utpannA ityabhyupagatameva, kevalaM sadRzapariNatilakSaNastAsAM dharmaH kathaMcidabhinne vastubhUto'bhyupagantavyaH, anyathA'pAramArthika (tve) vijAkyoMki ye eka-dUsare ke abhAva rUpa nahIM hai / yadi kahA jAya 'jina donoM ke yogakSema bhinna bhinna haiM una meM bhI yadi bheda svIkAra nahIM kareMge taba to vizva meM bheda kA astitva hI lupta ho jAyegA, phalataH sArA vizva hI eka ho jAyegA, kyoMki cAhe kitanA bhI bhinna yogakSema ho, kahIM bhI bheda nahIM mAnanA hai / ' to yaha Apatti bhI taba prasakta ho sakatI jaba aisA mAnA jAya ki bheda aura abheda ke vyavahAra kI vyavasthA bhinna bhinna yogakSema ke Upara nirbhara ho / vAstava meM, bhedAbhedavyavahAra kI vyavasthA bhedapratibhAsa aura abhedapratibhAsa para nirbhara hai na ki bhinna yogakSema ke Upara / ataH sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM, eka sAtha utpatti, eka sAtha vinAza ityAdi samAna yogakSema ke na hone donoM kA abhedapratibhAsa vikhyAta hai isaliye una donoM meM abheda mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / jaba isa prakAra sadbhUta vizeSa se kathaMcid abhinna aise sAmAnya kI siddhi nirbAdha hotI hai taba sAmAnya ko vastubhUta kyoM na mAnA jAya !! para vyApaka eka sarvavyaktiniSTha sAmAnya amAnya apohavAdIne eka vyApaka sAmAnya kI mAnyatA meM jo bAdhaka dikhalAye haiM ve bhI syAdvAda meM niravakAza haiM / kAraNa zAbaleyAdi piNDoM meM jo sadRzapariNatirUpa sAmAnya hai vahI bAhuleyAdi piNDoM meM ho aisA hama nahIM mAnate haiM / hama naiyAyikoM kI taraha sakala gAya meM rahane vAle vyApaka eka gotvAdi rUpa sAmAnya ko nahIM mAnate haiM / nahIM mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki zAbaleyAdi piNDoM meM bAhuleyAdi piNDoM kA sAdRzya bhAsita hone para bhI eka hI anugata gotvAdi sAmAnya ke dvArA sakala govyaktiyA~ AkrAnta ho aisA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai / [hamAre mata meMto sadRzAkAra pariNatirUpa sAmAnya tad tad vyaktigata pRthak pRthak pariNAmarUpa hI hotA hai lekina vaha pariNAma dIrghatva hrasvatva kI taraha anya sApekSa hone ke kAraNa samAnAkAra buddhi ko janma detA hai / ] anya vAdIyoMne bhI "ye saba piNDa samAna ho isa taraha gRhIta hote haiM " aisA kahate huye yaha to svIkAra liyA hai ki kucha zAbaleya-bAhuleyAdi piNDa apane apane hetuoM se sadRzAkAravAle hI utpanna hote haiN| sirpha itanA adhika svIkAra honA cAhiye ki zAbaleyAdi piNDoM kA vaha sadRzapariNAmAtmaka dharma una piNDoM se kathaMcid abhinna hai aura vastubhUta hai / yaha nahIM bisaranA ki yaha anugatAkAra buddhi sAdRzyAtmaka pariNAmamUlaka hI hotI hai vaise hI vijAtIya azvAdivyAvRtti bhI sAdRzyamUlaka hI hotI hai, isa sthiti meM yadi mAnA jAya ki sAdRzya

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168 tIyavyAvRttinibandhana (tve) sAdRzyapariNateH sajAtIyavyAvRttinibandhanasyApyatyantabhinnarUpasyA'pAramArthikatvAt tatpariNativyatirekeNa cApararasya svalakSaNasyA'saMbhavAt tadAkArajJAnasvalakSaNasyApyabhAva iti sarvazUnyatAprasaktiH / na ca ' saivA'stu' iti vaktuM yuktam, aprAmANikayAstasyA apyanabhyupagamanIyatvAt / tasmAt samAnA'samAnapariNAmAtmanaH zAbaleyAdivastuno'bAdhitAkArapratyakSapratipattau pratibhAsanAd vizeSavad 183-184 pU0] codito dadhikhAdeti kimuSTraM nAbhidhAvati / athAstyatizayaH kazcid yena bhedena varttate // sa eva dadhi so'nyatra nAstItyanubhayaM param / ityAdi yaduktaM dharmakIrttinA, tadapi parAkRtaM dRSTavyam / na hyasmAbhirdadhyuSTrayorekaM tiryak sAmAnyaM vastutvAdikaM vyaktyabhedena vyavasthitaM tathAbhUtapratibhAsAbhAvAdabhyupagamyate, yAdRgbhUtaM tu prativyakti 'saapAramArthika hotA hai (arthAt vijAtIya vyAvRtti kA nimitta banane vAlA sAdRzya apAramArthika hai) aisA agara mAneMge taba sajAtIya vyAvRtti prayojaka jo atyanta bhedAtmaka (yAnI vyaktivizeSa) rUpa hai usa ko bhI kyoM apAramArthika na mAnA jAya ? yadi isa ko bhI apAramArthika mAneMge taba to svalakSaNa padArtha atyantabheda pariNAma se pRthak tattva rUpa na hone se svalakSaNa bhI apAramArthika ho jAyegA, evaM bAhya svalakSaNAkAra jJAnAtmaka svalakSaNa bhI apAramArthika ho jAne se Akhira sarvazUnyatA sIra uThAyegI / ' uThAne do, kyA gayA ?' aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki sarvazUnyatA kA samarthaka koI pramANa na hone se vaha mAnane yogya nahIM haiM / na sAmAnyAbhAvaH / zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam etena - [ pra0 vA0 3 / 182 uttarArdha "sarvasyobhayarUpatve tadvizeSanirAkRtaH / Jain Educationa International - niSkarSa : - samAna evaM asamAna, ubhayapariNAtmAtmaka zAbaleyAdi vastu abAdhitAkAra se pratyakSa anubhUti kA viSaya ho rahI hai taba sirpha vizeSa kA hI svIkAra kare yaha ucita nahIM hai, vizeSa kA abhAva jaise amAnya hai vaise hI sAmAnya kA bhI abhAva mAnya nahIM ho sakatA / sarva vastu kI ubhayarUpatA ke Upara AkSepa kA pratikAra - dharmakIrtti ne apane pramANavArttika meM, vastu kIM ubhayarUpatA ke Upara jo AkSepa kiyA hai| "samasta vastu yadi ubhayarUpa hai aura 'dadhi hI dadhi hai na ki U~Ta' evaM 'U~Ta hI U~Ta hai na ki dadhi' isa prakAra ke bheda ko yadi amAnya karate haiM taba 'dahIM khAo' aisA sunane vAlA U~Ta ko khAne ke liye kyoM dauDatA nahIM ( jaba ki Apa ke mata meM dadhi ubhayarUpa hai yAnI U~Ta svarUpa bhI hai) / " yadi kaheM ki "U~Ta meM dadhi kI apekSA kucha aisA atizaya hai jisa se prerita ho kara zrotA 'U~Ta zabda se hI U~Ta ke liye pravRtti' ityAdi pratiniyata rUpa se pravRtta hotA hai" taba to vahI dadhisvarUpa vizeSa anyatra U~Ta meM na hone se vastu ubhayasvarUpa nahIM hai yaha siddha huA / " yaha dharmakIrtti kA AkSepa nirasta ho jAtA hai / kAraNa, hama sAmAnyavizeSa ubhayasvarUpa vastu mAnate haiM usa meM jo sAmAnya hai vaha dadhi aura U~Ta dAnoM meM rahane vAlA aura una donoM vyaktiyoM se abhinna evaM eka hI ho aisA koI vastutvAdirUpa tiryak sAmAnya hamane nahIM mAnA hai, kyoMki vaise ubhayaniSTha eka sAmAnya kA pratibhAsa hotA nahIM hai / hama to 'ye saba samAna haiM' aisI pratIti ke AdhAra para usa ke viSayarUpa meM siddha hone vAle aise sAmAnya ko svIkAra karate haiM jo dadhi uSTra Adi pratyeka vyaktiyoM meM bhinna - For Personal and Private Use Only -

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 169 mAnAH' iti pratyayaviSayabhUtamabhyupagamyate tathAbhUtasya tasya zabdenAbhidhAne kimityanyatra prerito'nyatra khAdanAya dhAveta yadyunmatto na syAt / ata eva - "varNAkRtyakSarAkArazUnyaM gotvaM hi gIyate" [dra0 pra0vA0 2-147 tattvasaM0kA0 738 u0 tathA apohasi0 pra0 pR0 12- paM0 5] na ca nirvikalpake'kSaprabhave pratyakSe purAvyavasthitavyaktidvayapratibhAsavyatirekeNa paro yathAvyAvarNitasvarUpaH sAmAnyAkAraH pratibhAti, nA'pi savikalpake 'gaurauH' ityullekhavati vyaktisvarUpaM bahirudbhAsamAnamantavAbhijalpAkAramapahAyAnyaH sAmAnyAtmA yathAvyAvarNitasvarUpaH pratibhAti, na cAnyAvabhAsamanyAkArArthavyavasthApakaM jJAnaM tad bhavati atiprasaGgAt - ityetadapi nirastam; avarNAkRtyAdyAkAravyatirekeNa sAdRzyapariNAmAtmAnaH sAmAnyasyAkSajapratipattiviSayasya vyaktyAtmatayA dAhAdyarthakriyAkAriNo'bhyupagamAt / na ca zAbaleyAdeH sAdRzyaM bAhuleyAdyapekSamiti tadapratItau tadapekSasya tasyApyapratipattiriti vaktuM bhinna hotA hai / phalata: 'dadhi' zabda se U~Ta se vyAvRtta dadhi meM rahane vAle hI sAmAnya kA bodha hone se zrotA dadhigrahaNa ke liye hI prerita hotA hai phira U~Ta ke liye dauDane kI bAta hI kaise ? hA~, pAgala kI bAta alaga isa ke sAtha yaha bhI nirasta ho jAtA hai jo pramANivArttika meM varNAkRti0....ityAdi se kahA hai - "gotvarUpa sAmAnya 'varNa( rUpa), saMsthAna aura ga-au-visarga ityAdi akSaroM kI mudrA' se zUnya hai / indriyajanya nirvikalpapratyakSa meM saMmukhavartI pratiniyata do gAya vyakti kA hI avabhAsa hotA hai, kintu usa govyaktiyugala ke alAvA varNAdizUnya una donoM meM vartamAna kisI sAmAnyAkAra kA bhAsa nahIM hotA / savikalpa pratyakSa meM bhI bAhyarUpa se sphurad AkAra Antara rUpa se abhijalpAkAra vyaktisvarUpa kA hI 'yaha gau hai gau hai' itanA ullekha hotA hai kintu isa se adhika aneka vyakti meM anugata, varNAdiAkArazUnya aise kisI eka sAmAnyAkAra bhAsita nahIM hotA hai / eka AkAra vAle jJAna se anyAkAra artha kI vyavasthA honA zakya nahIM hai, anyathA azvAkAra jJAna se gardabhAkAra artha kI pratiSThA kA prArambha ho jAne kA atiprasaMga aayegaa|" - yaha isa liye aba nirasta ho jAtA hai ki hama vaise sAmAnya kA svIkAra nahIM karate, kintu varNAdiAkAra se mudrita vyakti se abhinna hone ke kAraNa dAha-pAkAdi arthakriyAkArI evaM indriyajanya pratyakSa meM bhAsamAna aise sAdRzya pariNatisvarUpa sAmAnya ko hI hamane aMgIkAra kiyA hai / sAdRzya dRSTigocara na hone ke AkSepa kA uttara sAdRzya ke virodha meM prativAdI yadi aisA kaheM - 'zAbaleyAdi piNDoM meM jo bAhuleyAdi piNDoM se sAdRzya Apane mAnA hai vaha bAhuleyAdi ke sApekSa hone se, bAhuleyAdi dRSTibAhya hone para, zAbaleyAdi meM usa kA sAdRzya bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hogA' - to aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki Apane jo zAbaleyAdi meM anya samasta vastu kA vailakSaNya (vyAvRtti ke rUpa meM) svIkRta kiyA hai vaha bhI samasta vastu ke sApekSa bhAva rUpa hone se, samasta vastu ke dRSTi bAhya rahane para gRhIta nahIM ho sakegA - donoM pakSa meM yaha bAta samAna hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki - 'vastusamasta kI vyAvRtti, zAbaleyAdi vyAvRtta padArthAtmaka hI hotI hai ata: zAbaleyAdi dRSTigocara hone para vaha vyAvRtti bhI dRSTigocara bana jAyegI, bhale hI vahA~ vyAvartya vastusamasta kA grahaNa na hotA ho'

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170 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam zakyam azeSapadArthavailakSaNyapratipattAvapyasya samAnatvAt / na ca sarvato vyAvRttiH vyAvRttapadArthasvarUpameveti tatpratipattau sAspi pratIyate vyAvRtyA ( vartyA) rthapratipattimantareNApIti vaktavyam sAdRzyapratipattAvapyasya samAnatvAt / atha sajAtIyavijAtIyavyAvRttaM niraMzaM vastu tatsAmarthyabhAvini ca pratyakSe tat tathaiva pratibhAti, taduttarakAlabhAvinastvavastusaMsparzino vikalpAH vyAvartyavastuvazavibhinnavyAvRttinibandhanAn sAmAnyabhedAn vyAvRtte vastunyupakalpayantaH samupajAyante na tadvazAt tadvyavasthA yuktA, atiprasaGgAt / taduktam - [pra0 vA0 3 / 40-41] "sarve bhAvAH svabhAvena / svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH / svabhAva - parabhAvAbhyAM yasmAd vyAvRttibhAginaH // " " tasmAd yato yato'rthAnAM vyAvRttistabhibandhanAH / jAtibhedAH prakalpyante tadvizeSAvagAhinaH // " - ityAdi / nanu 'sva-svabhAvavyavasthite:' ityetasya hetoH svasAdhyena vyAptiH kiM pratyakSeNa pratIyate, AhosvidanumAnena ? na tAvadanumAnena, pratyakSA'viSayatvena sarvabhAvAnAM dharmiNo'siddhestadanutthAnAt vyApti to yaha bAta samAnarUpa se sAdRzya ke liye bhI samajha lo ki bAhuleyAdi sApekSa sAdRzya zAbaleyAdipiNDasvarUpa hI hotA hai ata: zAbaleyAdi ke dRSTigocara hone para vaha sAdRzya bhI dRSTigocara ho jAtA hai, bhale hI vahA~ bAhuleyAdi kA grahaNa na hotA ho / svalakSaNa sarvasajAtIyavijAtIyoM se vyAvRtta kaise ? bauddha : azvAdi svalakSaNa vastu svayaM niraMza hotI hai aura ata eva sarvasajAtIya- vijAtIya padArthoM se vyAvRtta ( vilakSaNa) hotI hai / aisA isa liye ki usa ke Alambana se utpanna hone vAle nirvikalpapratyakSa meM usa kA aisA hI bhAna hotA hai / nirvikalpa ke uttara kAla meM jo vikalpajJAna utpanna hote haiM ye vikalpa, vyAvRtta azvAdi vastu meM vyAvartya azva - bailAdi vastu ke bheda se bhinna bhinna jo azvetarAdivyAvRttiyA~ haiM tanmUlaka bhinna bhinna sAmAnya, vyAvRtta vastu meM hone kI kalpanA jAgrata karate haiM, kintu una ke sAmarthya se sAmAnya kI sthApanA yukta nahIM hotI kyoMki kalpanAvihArI hone ke kAraNa ye vikalpajJAna vastusparzI nahIM hote haiM / yadi kalpanAtmaka vikalpa se vastusiddhi mAnI jAya taba to 'kharaviSANa' zabdajanya vikalpa se kharaviSANa kI bhI siddhi hone kA atiprasaMga ho sakatA hai / pramANavArttika meM kahA hai| "sabhI bhAva svabhAva se hI apane apane svarUpa se vyavasthita hone ke kAraNa ve saba svabhAva (= yAnI sajAtIya) aura parabhAva (yAnI vijAtIya) padArthoM se vyAvRtti vAle ( atyanta bhedadhArI) hI hote haiM / (kisI anya bhAva se bhizrasvabhAva nahIM hote / ) isIliye jina jina atadrUpa padArthoM se una arthoM kI vyAvRtti hotI hai una vyAvRttiyoM ke bala para tat tat svalakSaNa ke Azrita ke rUpa me kalpita jAtibhedoM kI kalpanA vikalpoM se sthApita hotI hai / " ityAdi / syAdvAdI :- Apane jo sajAtIya vijAtIya vyAvRtti ko dikhAne ke liye 'apane apane svarUpa se vyavasthita hone ke kAraNa' yaha hetu nirdeza kiyA hai - yahA~ prazna yaha hai ki sarvabhAvoM meM, svasvabhAvavyavasthiti hetu meM apane sAdhyabhUta sajAtIyavijAtIyavyAvRtti kI vyApti ko Apane kaise gRhIta kiyA ? pratyakSa se yA anumAna se ? anumAna se to sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki sabhI bhAva pratyakSa ke viSaya hote nahIM hai taba jina sarvabhAvoM meM uparokta

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 171 prasiddhau cAnumAnaM pravarttate / na ca sAdhya - sAdhanayo: sarvopasaMhAreNa vyAptiranyata'numAnAt sidhyati, tatrApyanumAnAntarApekSaNenAnavasthAprasakteH / nA'pi pratyakSeNa, tasya sannihitaviSayagrAhakatvena dezAdiviprakRSTAzeSapadArthAlambanatvAnupapatteH / atha puro'vasthiteSu bhAveSvakSajapratyayena 'svasvabhAvavyavasthite:' ityasya hetoH sarvopasaMhAreNa bhedena vyAptiM pratipadyata iti pratyakSavyApAra evAyam / asadetat yato yatraiva svavyApArAnusAriNamanantaraM vikalpamAvirbhAvayatyadhyakSaM tatraivAsya prAmANyaM bhavadbhirabhyupagamyate, sarvato vyAvRttAtmani ta na ( na ta ) dvalAt tadutpattiH, sarvadA anuvRtta - vyAvRtAkArAvasAyina eva tasyotpatteH / anyathA 'sajAtIyAd bheda:' ityabhidhAnAnarthakyApatteH, kSaNakSayAnumAnasya ca vaiyarthyam akSaNikAdivyAvRtteH svalakSaNAnubhavaprabhavavikalpe vyApti kA anumAna karanA hai usakA dharmIbhUta sarvabhAva hI siddha na hone se usa anumAna kA utthAna hI zakya nahIM hai / aura anumAna pravRtti to vyApti siddha hone para hI ho sakegI / yadi kaheM ki 'jisa vyApti ke agrahaNa se uparokta anumAna kI pravRtti kA abhAva Apa dikhA rahe haiM usa vyApti kA, yAnI sarva vyakti ko viSaya karate huye una meM sAdhana - sAdhya kI vyApti kA grahaNa anyaanumAna se kareMge' to yahA~ anavasthA doSa hogA kyoMki usa anya anumAna kI bhI vinA vyApti ke pravRtti na hone se, usakI pravRtti ke liye Avazyaka vyAptigraha ke liye aura eka anumAna karanA hogA, usa ke liye bhI aura eka anumAna... isa prakAra antahIna paramparA calegI / yadi kaheM ki 'pUrvokta vyApti kA grahaNa pratyakSa se kara leMge to yaha bhI zakya nahIM hai kyoMki pratyakSa to sannihita bhAvoM kA hI grAhaka hotA hai ata: deza-kAla vyavahita sarvabhAva usa ke viSaya hI nahIM hote / bheda ke sAtha vyApti kA pratyakSa se grahaNa azakya - yadi bauddha aisA kaheM ki - 'sarvabhAva to yadyapi pratyakSAlambana nahIM hote kintu jitane bhAva sammukha upasthita hote haiM una meM to 'svasvabhAvavyavasthiti' rUpa hetu kI bheda (svajAtIya-vijAtIya vyAvRtti) ke sAtha vyApti kA graha ho sakatA hai, aura usa bheda ke garbha meM sarva padArtha rahe huye haiM isa liye saba ko lekara bheda ke sAtha vyApti graha hogA - isa prakAra pratyakSa se hI vyAptigraha siddha hotA hai / ' to yaha galata bAta hai / kAraNa, nirvikalpaka pratyakSa Apa ke mata meM usI viSaya meM pramANita hotA hai jisa viSaya ko nirvikalpavyApAra se phalita savikalpa jJAna ujAgara karatA hai / aba dekhanA yaha hai ki savikalpa jJAna to sarvadA anuvRtta-vyAvRttAkAra prakAzana karatA huA hI utpanna hotA hai, sarvato vyAvRtti kA prakAzana vaha nahIM karatA hai taba kaise kahA jAya ki nirvikalpa pratyakSa se sarvato vyAvRtti gRhIta hotI hai ? yadi Apa isa bAta kA inkAra kareMge ki savikalpajJAna anuvRttavyAvRttAkArAvabhAsI hotA hai taba sAdhyanirdezAntargata 'sajAtIya se bheda' aise zabdaprayoga kI bhI saMgati nahIM ho sakegI / kyoMki 'sajAtIya' zabda anuvRttAkAraviziSTa kA ullekha karatA hai aura bheda-zabda vyAvRtti kA, aura Apa to usa pratyakSa kA viSaya sirpha vyAvRtti ko dikhAnA cAhate haiM jaba ki dUsarI ora 'sajAtIya (vijAtIya) vyAvRtti' aise zabdaprayoga se sajAtIyavyAvRtti ko sAdhya antargata batA rahe haiM / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki agara nirvikalpa se utpanna hone vAlA savikalpajJAna sirpha vyAvRtti ko prakAzita kara sakatA hai, taba to kSaNikatva kA anumAna bhI vyartha ho jAyegA, cU~ki akSaNika vyAvRtti bhI svalakSaNa ke anubhava se janya savikalpa se nizcita ho jAyegI

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172 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nAdhyavasAyAt, svalakSaNaviSayatvaM ca vikalpAnAM sarvato vyAvRttAkArAdhyavasAyinAM prasajyate / tathAhi - idameva svalakSaNagocaratvamadhyakSasya yat tasya niyatarUpAnukaraNam sarvato vyAvRttAkAragrAhiNAM vikalpAnAmapi ced idamasti, kathaM svalakSaNaviSayatvam ? athA'vizadAvabhAsitvAdasyA'svalakSaNaviSayatvam / nanu dUravyavasthitapAdapAdisvarUpagrAhyadhyakSamapyavizadAvabhAsamiti svalakSaNaviSayatvaM tasyApi na syAt / athA'yathArthAkAragrAhiNastasya bhrAntatvAdiSTamevA'svalakSaNaviSayatvam / na, tasya pramANAntaratvaprasakteH / tathAhi - anadhigatArthAdhigamA'visaMvAdAbhyAM tasya prAmANyam, na ca pratyakSatvam bhrAntatvAbhyupagamAt / nApyanumAnatvam aliGgajatvAt / pratyakSAnumAnavyatiriktasya cAparasya pramANasyA'niSTeH kathaM nAsya pramANAntaratvam ? na ca vikalpaH yenAdhigatArthAdhigamAdapramANam vikalpakAraNamantareNApi bAhyArthasaMnidhibalenopajAyamAnatvAt / na cAdhyakSaviSayIkRtasvalakSaNAdhyavasAyitvAdasyA'prAmANyam, tathAbhyupagame'dhyakSekSitazabdaviSaye kSaNakSayAnumAnasyApyaprA aura nirvikalpaprakAzita viSaya ko vikalpa pratyakSa pramANita karatA hai ata: nirvikalpa pratyakSa hI akSaNikavyAvRtti ke rUpa meM kSaNikatva kA grAhaka ho jAyegA, phira kSaNikatva ke liye anumAna kI jarUrata nahIM rahegI / uparAMta, bauddha to savikalpajJAna ko sAmAnyalakSaNa padArthagrAhI mAnatA hai, aba to sarvato vyAvRtti kA adhyavasAyI hone ke kAraNa vikalpa ko nirvikalpa ke samAna hI svalakSaNagrAhI mAnanA paDegA / aisA isa liye ki nirvikalpa kA svalakSaNaviSayatva yahI hai ki svalakSaNa ko niyata = vyAvRtarUpa se grahaNa karanA / sarvato vyAvRttAkAragrAhI vikalpa bhI aisA hI hai, taba vaha svalakSaNasamAna viSayagrAhI kyoM na hogA ? * avizada avabhAsa meM svalakSaNaviSayatvaniSedha azakya yadi yaha kaheM ki - 'sarvato vyAvRttAkAra kA grAhaka vikalpa hai kintu vaha nirvikalpa kI taraha spaSTAvabhAsI nahIM hai ata: vaha svalakSaNaviSayaka bana jAne kI Apati nahIM hogii|' - to isa para bhI yaha Apatti AyegI ki dUra rahe hue vRkSAdi svalakSaNa ke svarUpa kA graha karane vAlA jo nirvikalpa hai vaha bhI dUratva ke kAraNa spaSTAvabhAsI na hone se usa kA svalakSaNaviSayatva lupta ho jaayegaa| yadi aisA kaheM - 'dUra rahe hue vRkSAdi ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna yathArthaAkAragrAhI na hone se (Amra-nimbAdi vRkSa kA jo yathArthaAkAra hai usa kA grAhaka na hote huye sirpha vRkSAkAragrAhI hone se) hama use bhrAnta mAnate haiM / ata: usa meM AmrAdisvalakSaNaviSayatA kA lopa iSTApatti hai|' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai cU~ki aisA mAnane para usa jJAna ko eka svatantra pramANa mAnane kI Apatti AyegI / (bauddha mata meM anumAna yadyapi sAmAnyagrAhI hone se bhrAnta hI hotA hai kintu paramparayA arthaprApaka hone se yA samAropavyavacchedaka hone se use pramANa mAnA jAtA hai, isa taraha ke svatantra pramANa kI yahA~ Apatti hai / ) dUrasthavRkSAdi kA jJAna pUrva meM ajJAta artha kA grAhaka hone se, aura nikaTa jAne para vRkSaprApti svarUpa avisaMvAda hone se (bhrAnta hone para bhI anumAna kI bhA~ti upacAra se usa meM) prAmANya kA svIkAra karanA hI paDegA / kintu Apa ise bhrAnta mAnate haiM, isaliye use (nirvikalpa) pratyakSa rUpa to nahIM mAna sakate (kyoMki 'kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSaM' yaha Apa kA siddhAnta hai|) dUrasthavRkSajJAna liMgajanya na hone se, use anumAna svarUpa bhI nahIM mAna sakate / pratyakSa aura anumAna ke alAvA aura to koI Apa ke mata meM upamAna yA zabda pramANa mAnya nahIM hai jisa meM isa kA antarbhAva

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 173 mANyaprasaktaH / athA'nizcitArthAdhyavasAyAdanumAnasyAnadhigatArthAdhigantRtvAt prAmANyam, nizcito hyadhyakSaviSayaH, kSaNakSayasya cA'nizcayAdadhyakSato na tadviSayatvam / nanvevamadhyakSAnusArivikalpasyApyanizcitArthAdhyavasAyitvAt kSaNakSayAnumAnavat prAmANyaprasaktiH / / __ api ca, vikalpA'numAnaviSayArthayoH samaH viSamo vA pratibhAso'bhyupagamyeta ! yadi viSamaH kathamasahazapratibhAsayostayorabhedaH ? abhinnAkArAvabhAsi ca kathaM zabdasya rUpam ? atha samaH, vikalpeSu ko vidveSaH tAnaviSayIkurvataH / atha yatrAMze nizcayotpAdanasamartha pratyakSaM tatra pratibhAsA'vizeSe'pi pratyakSagRhItAMzagrAhitayA vikalpo na pramANam anumAnaM tvagRhItArthAdhigantRtvAt pramANam, tadviSaye'rthe'dhyakSasya nizcayotpAdanA'sAmarthyAt / nanu kathamekamanubhavajJAnaM svArthe nizcayotpattau samarthamasamartha copapadyate virodhAt ekAkArA'vizeSAcca ? na cAvizeSe'pi tasyaikatra sAmarthyamevA'paratrA'sAmarthyam, pareNa saMnikarSe'pyevaM ho sake / phalata: kyoM isa ko svatantra pramANa na mAnA jAya ? "yaha to vikalparUpa hai aura vikalpa to gRhItagrAhI hone se pramANa hI nahIM hotA'' - aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki vikalpa kA kAraNa nirvikalpa pratyakSa hotA hai, jaba ki yaha to usa ke vinA hI sAkSAt bAhyArtha ke saMnidhAna(= saMnikarSa) rUpa bala para khaDA huA hai| (agara Apa ko yahA~ pahale dUrastha vRkSa kA nirvikalpa pratyakSa mAnya hai taba to vivAda hI samApta ho jAtA hai aura aspaSTAvabhAsI hone se usameM svalakSaNaviSayatA ke lopa kI Apatti jyoM kI tyoM raheMgI / ) yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "yadyapi dUrasthavRkSajJAna pratyakSapUrvaka nahIM hai tathApi pahale kabhI vaha vRkSa svalakSaNa adhyakSa se gRhIta rahA hai aura aba dUra se usa kA adhyavasAya kiyA jA rahA hai, ata: gRhItAdhyavasAyI hone se vaha apramANa ho jAne kI Apatti AyegI kyoMki zabda bhI adhyakSa kA viSaya pahale ho jAne para bAda meM vahA~ anumAna kI pravRtti hotI hai ata: vaha bhI gRhitagrAhI hI hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'pratyakSa kA zabdAtmaka viSaya adhyakSa se nizcita hai kintu usa kI kSaNikatA nizcita nahIM hai ata: agRhIta kSaNikatva kA grAhaka anumAna apramANa nahIM bnegaa|' - aisA kahane para to kSaNikatva ke anumAna kI taraha pratyakSapUrvaka hone vAlA vikalpa bhI pramANa bana jAyegA, kyoMki usa kA bhI sAmAnyalakSaNa viSaya adhyakSanizcita nahIM hotA hai ata: vikalpa bhI agRhItArthAdhyavasAyI hI hai| vikalpa meM prAmANya darnivAra * yaha bhI vicArane jaisA hai ki vikalpaviSayabhUta artha aura anumAnaviSayabhUta artha, donoM kA pratibhAsa sama hotA hai yA viSama hone kA mAnate haiM ? viSama mAnate haiM taba pratibhAsa asadRza hote hue una donoM ko samAnaviSayaka yAnI sAmAnyaviSayaka kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? aura zabda kA svarUpa bhI anyApohAtmaka sAmAnyAvabhAsI ke badale anumAna se viSama yAnI bhinnAkAra avabhAsI kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi donoM kA pratibhAsa sama hone kA mAnate haiM taba anumAna kI taraha vikalpoM ko bhI pramANakSetra antargata samAveza karane ke badale una ko usa se Apa bahAra kyoM kara rahe haiM - kyA vidveSa hai Apa ko vikalpoM ke Upara ? (viSaya = pramANakSetra) / yadi kaheM - "pratyakSa jisa aMza kA nizcaya utpanna karane meM sakSama hai usa aMza kA pratibhAsa yadyapi visadRza nahIM hai phira bhI vikalpa to pratyakSa se gRhIta usa aMza kA grAhaka hotA hai isa liye vaha apramANa hai / jaba ki anumAna to pratyakSa se agRhIta artha kA grAhaka hotA hai; isaliye vaha pramANa hai; yahA~ artha pratyakSa

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174 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vaktuM zakyatvAt / tathAhi - sarvAtmanendriyArthasaMnikarSavAdinA'pi zakyamevaM vaktum - saMnikarSasyA'vizeSe'pi sarvAtmanA na bhAvasya grahaNam kvacidevAMze sAmarthyAt ekatra sAmarthyamevAnyatrA'sAmarthyamiti / na ca samAropavyavacchedakatvenAnumAnasya prAmANyam na punaH pratyakSapRthag(?STha)bhAvino vikalpasyeti vaktuM yuktam tasya tadvyavacchedakatvAnupapatteH / tathAhi - kSaNike'kSaNikajJAnaM samAropaH, taccAnumAnapravRtteH prAgiva pazcAdapyavikalamiti kathaM tathApi tasya prAmANyam ? 'pazcAdaskhalatpravRtteH samAropasyA'pravRtterastyeva tavaikalyamiti cet ? na, tadA skhalavRtterakSaNikapratyayAt svaputrAdau pravRttirna syAt / samAropapratiSedhazvAbhAvatvenAhetukaH sa kathamanumAnenAnyena vA kriyate jJApyate vA, abhAvena saha kasyacit sambandhAbhAvAt tasya tathA'pratipattezca ? atha pravRttasamAropasya svata evAbhAvAt anumAnAt kSaNikatvanizcaye bhAvinathAsse agRhIta isaliye rahatA hai ki parvata ke pRSThabhAga meM rahe huo agni Adi ke sAkSAtkAra meM pratyakSa sakSama nahIM hai|" - to yahA~ aura eka prazna hai ki eka hI anubhava jJAna apane artha ke rUpa-rasAdi aMzake nizcaya ko utpanna karane ke liye sakSama bhI hai aura kSaNikatvAdi aMza ke nizcaya meM azakta bhI hai| yahA~ spaSTa hI virodha hai taba aisA kaise ho sakatA hai ? agara aisA mAneMge to virodha to hai hI, uparAMta eka artha meM to AkArabheda bhI nahIM hotA hai ata: AkArabheda se virodha ko TAla bhI nahIM sakate / kucha bhI vizeSatA na hone ke bAvajuda eka anubhavajJAna ko eka ke prati sakSama aura anya ke prati azakta mAneMge to dusarA vAdI saMnikarSa ke liye bhI yaha kaha sakatA hai / jaise indriya kA vastu ke sAtha sarvAtmanA saMnikarSa mAnane vAlA vAdI aisA kaha sakegA ki saMnikarSa sarvAtmanA hone meM koI vizeSa na hone para bhI bhAva kA sarvAtmanA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai kyoMki saMnikarSa kA aisA hI svarUpa hai ki kucha eka aMza ke grahaNa meM hI sakSama hotA hai, aura kucha eka aMza ke grahaNa kA sAmarthya svabhAva hI anya aMzo ke grahaNa kA asAmarthya hai / isaliye svabhAvabheda bhI prasakta nahIM hai| anumAna se samAropavyavaccheda kI anupapatti yadi kaheM ki - 'anumAna samAropavyavacchedaka hone se pramANa hotA hai / parvata meM anagnisamAropa kA agni anumAna se vyavaccheda hotA hai / pratyakSa ke anaMtara hone vAlA vikalpa to pratyakSagRhIta artha ko hI nAma-jAtyAdi se yojita kara ke grahaNa karatA hai, kisI bhI samAropa kA vicchedaka nahIM hotA, ata: vaha pramANa nahIM mAnA jAtA / ' - to yaha bhI bolane jaisA nahIM, kyoMki anumAna meM samAropa kI vyavacchedakatA hI yukti se saMgata nahIM hotI / dekho - samAropa yAnI kSaNika meM akSaNikatva kA bhAna honA / kSaNikatvAnumAna ke udaya ke pahale jaise vaha bhAna hotA AyA hai vaise hI usa anumAna ke bAda bhI vastu ko dekhane para akSaNikatva yAnI sthAyipana kA pUrvavat hI jJAna hotA rahatA hai / taba samAropa kA vyavaccheda kaise huA ? phira kaise anumAna ko pramANa kaha sakate haiM ? yadi kaheM ki - 'usa meM kucha pharka jarUra ho jAtA hai / matalaba, anumAna ke pahale jo sthAyipana kA bhAna hotA hai vaha dRDhavizvAsagarbhita hotA hai, kintu anumAna ke bAda jo sthAyipana kA bhAna hotA hai vaha dRDhavizvAsayukta nahIM hotA / ata: dRDhavizvAsayukta sthAyipana ke bhAna kA vyavaccheda karane vAlA hone se anumAna pramANa hotA hai|' -- to yaha bhI vizvasanIya nahIM hai / kAraNa, agara anumAna ke bAda apane putra-parivAra Adi meM sthAyipana kI buddhi dRDha vizvAsayukta na hotI taba to una ke bAhara jAne para una kI pratIkSA Adi pravRtti

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 175 kSaNikasamAropasyAnutpatteH samAropavyavacchedakatvaM kSaNikAnumAnasyocyate / na sAkSAdbhUtasamAropaniSedhAt (iti cet ?) kathamavikale samArope prabandhenopajAyamAne kSaNavivekanizcayaH yena tato'kSaNikasamAropasya bhAvino'nutpattiH syAt ? nizcayA''ropamanasovirodhAbhyupagamAt; anyathA pratyakSapRSThabhAvinaH kSaNikanizcayasyApyutpattiprasaMgaH / tathA parasyApi nizcayAtmanA pratyayena sarvAtmanA'rthasvarUpanizcaye'pi samAropapravRttau tadvayavacchedAya pravarttamAnaM pramANAntaramanarthakaM na syAt / tanna kSaNavivekanizcayaH, nizcaye vA virodhAdeva naa'kssnniksmaaropH| 'dRDharUpasyA'kSaNikasamAropasyAstyeva vyAvRttiH, sAdRzyanimittastu skhalapAropaH sthAyI'ti cet ? asadetat avadhAritavizeSasyAnavadhAritavizeSalakSaNasAdRzyA'sambhavAt kathaM samAropaH tanibandhano'pi sthAjo pUrvavat karate haiM vaha nahIM karate / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki samAropa kA pratiSedha to abhAva svarUpa hai isIliye vaha ahetuka hotA hai / abhAva ke sAtha bhAvAtmaka anumAna ko koI bhI sambandha nahIM hotA, na vaisA (usa ke sAtha sambandha) upalabdha hotA hai / taba yaha kaise kaha sakate haiM ki 'anumAna samAropapratiSedha kA hetu hai yA usa kA prakAzaka hai' ? yahA~ yadi aisA uttara diyA jAya ki - "anumAna ke pUrva meM pravRtta jo samAropa hai vaha to svayaM kSaNabhaMgura hone se anumAnakSaNa meM naSTa ho jAtA hai| kintu jaba kSaNikatva kA anumAna hotA hai taba usa ke bAda akSaNikatva ke samAropa kI utpatti meM hI pratirodha ho jAtA hai, isI ko kahate haiM ki samAropa kA vyavaccheda, jo kSaNikatva ke anumAna se prayukta hai na ki sAkSAd utpanna samAropa kA virodhI hone se yahA~ samAropa kA vyavaccheda mAnA gayA hai / " - to yaha uttarAbhAsa hai kyoMki jaba apane apane hetuoM se berokaToka sthAyipana kA samAropa paripUrNarUpa se parApUrva se utpanna hotA AyA hai taba bIca meM anumAnAdi dvArA kSaNakSaya ke nizcaya ko utpanna hone kA avakAza hI kahA~ hai jisa se ki yaha kahA jA sake ki anumAna ke bAda samAropa kI utpatti kA pratirodha ho jAtA hai ?! Apane hI to pramANavArtika ke tIsare pariccheda (zlo0 49) meM kahA hai ki 'nizcaya aura Aropamana (pAnI samAropa) ina donoM ke bIca bAdhyabAdhakabhAvAtmaka virodha hotA hai / ' taba samAropa ke rahate huye virodhI anumAna kaise utpanna ho sakegA ? phira bhI agara usa kI utpatti mAnya karanA hai taba to vastu se sthAyitva kA pratyakSa hone ke bAda kSaNikatva ke nizcaya kI utpatti bhI ho jAne kI Apatti AyegI, kyoMki aba to Apa ko virodhI kI upekSA hI karanA hai ! akSaNikasamAropa kI durghaTatA tadavastha dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki - Apa mAnate haiM ki samAropa kI paramparA calI Ane para bhI bIca meM anumAna pravRtta hotA hai aura usa se samAropa kA vyavaccheda hotA hai isa liye anumAna pramANa hai / taba to dUsarA vAdI kahegA - nizcayAtmaka pratIti se arthasvarUpa kA saMpUrNarUpa se nizcaya hone ke bAda bhI (yAnI akSaNikatva kA nizcaya ho jAne para bhI) samAropa pravRtta hone para usake vyavaccheda ke liye pravRtta zabdAdi tIsarA pramANa vyartha nahIM, sArthaka hogaa| (bauddha to pratyakSa aura anumAna do hI pramANa mAnate haiM / ) niSkarSa yaha hai ki bauddha ke mata meM, samAropAtmaka virodhI mana ke utpanna hote huye bIca meM kSaNikatva ke nizcaya (=anumAna) ko koI avakAza nahIM hai| yadi nizcaya ko sAvakAza mAnate haiM to usake virodha ke kAraNa usake bAda akSaNika samAropa

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176 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yI yuktaH ? samAropanimittasAdRzyavirodhivivekAvadhAraNasadbhAvAt vahnisanidhAnAd romaharSAdivizeSavad yathArthanizcaye viparyAsAnupalabyezca / atha yathA nizcitaikatvasyApi puMso dvicandrAdimrAntirakSajatvAna nivatate, tathA'kSaNikabhrAntirapi / nanvevamakSaNikabhrAnterakSajatve na kiJcidapi pratyakSamabhrAntaM syAt / 'pazyannapi na pazyati' [ ] iti ca dharmakIrttivacana virudhyeta / athA'kSaNikatvabhrAntirmAnasI marIcikAcakre toyAdibhrAntivat / tathApi nAvadhAritavizeSasyotpagheta, anavadhAritavizeSasyaiva tadutpatteH / akSaNikAvabhAsasya mAnasatve vastvantarasmaraNasamaye utpattizca na syAt, vikalpadvayasya yugapadanutpatteH, utpattau vA'zvaM vikalpayato'pi godarzanAd darzane kalpanAvirahasiddhirayuktA syAditi kSaNavivekanizraye'vazyaMbhAvyakSaNikasamAropAbhAvaH / tatsadbhAve ca na kacidanumAnAnizcitanAnAtvasyA''tmA''tmIyabhAvayoH pravRttiyuktA / ko avakAza nahIM hogaa| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki- 'kSaNikatva ke anumAna se usa akSaNikasamAropa kI nivRtti to ho jAtI hai jo pahale dRDhatA se bharapUra thA, lekina phira bhI pUrvottara kSaNa ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa aisA akSaNika samAropa utpanna hotA rahatA hai jo skhalita yAnI zithila svarUpa vAlA hotA hai (yAnI jisa meM 'yaha aisA hI hai aisI dRDhatA nahIM hotI ) arthAt anumAnAtmaka nizcaya aura skhalita samAropa meM virodha nahIM maante|'- to yaha galata kathana hai; kyoMki pUrvottara kSaNa meM bheda kA avadhAraNa na honA yahI sAdRzya hai, kSaNikatvAnumAna se jaba bheda kA avadhAraNa ho gayA taba aise sAdRzya kA sambhava hI nahIM hai to phira usake AdhAra para sthAyitva ke samAropa kI utpatti ko avakAza hI kahA~ hai ? jaise jADe kI Rtu meM zardI se roMgaTe khar3e hote haiM kintu agni ke sAMnidhya meM nahIM hote kyoMki agni usakA virodhI hai, isI prakAra, samAropa ke nimittabhUta (bhedAnavadhAraNasvarUpa) sAdRzya ke virodhI kSaNaviveka yAnI bheda kA avadhAraNa saMnihita ho taba kSaNikatva nizcaya ke yathArtha hone se vahA~ akSaNikatva ke viparyAsa kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM ho sakatI / yadi aisA kahA jAya- 'candra eka hai' aise dRDha nizcayavAle puruSa ko bhI (avasthAvizeSa meM) apane netra se do candra dikhAI dete haiM, yadyapi yaha bhrAnti hai kintu indriyajanya hone ke kAraNa pUrvakAlIna eka candra kA jJAna usakA bAdhaka nahIM hotA | matalaba, indriya ke kAraNa hI aisI bhrAnti sthAyitva kI bhI ho sakatI hai|'to yahA~ baDI Apatti hogI, yadi Apa indriyajanyatA ke AdhAra para akSaNikatva kI bhrAnti kI upapatti karanA cAhate haiM taba to koI bhI pratyakSa abhrAnta nahIM rahegA kyoMki pUrA pratyakSa indriya janya hI hotA hai / uparAMta, 'pazyannapi na pazyati' = dekhatA huA bhI (mAno) nahIM dekhatA hai' isa dharmakIrti ke vacana kA bhI yahA~ virodha upasthita hogA / [kAraNa, dharmakIrti ko yaha kahanA hai ki (pazyannapi=) yathArtha nizcaya hone para, viparyAsa kI sAmagrI dRSTA meM upasthita rahane para bhI (na pazyati-) viparyAsadarzana nahIM hotA hai / mAnasika akSaNikatvabhrama kI bhI durghaTatA* yadi aisA kahA jAya ki - 'akSaNikatva kA bhrama jo hotA hai vaha cAkSuSAdi pratyakSa rUpa nahIM kintu mAnasa pratyakSarUpa hotA hai jaise ki marudhara kI sUryakiraNatapta camakilI retabhUmi meM jala kA bhrama hotA hai to isa para bhI vahI bAta hai ki bhale Apa isa bhrama ko mAnasarUpa mAneM, kintu jisane vizeSa kA (kSaNikatva

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 177 na hyAtmanA'numAnAnAnAtvanizcayalakSaNe nairAtmyadarzane sati ekpratyayalakSaNamAtmadarzanaM sambhavati vivekA'vivekagrahaNayorekatvavirodhAt, tadabhAvAnAtmIyagrahaH, tadabhAve ca tatpUrvakasya rAgAderanutpatteH kathamabhilaSitA'nabhilaSitasAdhanayostadadhyavasAyena prApti-parihArAya pravRttirupapadyeta ?! anAzravacittotpattiprabandhalakSaNamuktihetau ca mumukSoryatno viphalaH syAt nairAtmyAdyabhyAsamantareNApyanumAnAt kSaNikatvanizcayamAtreNaiva muktisiddheH / 'Atmadarzanasya sahajasyA'hAnestanimittAtmAtmIyasnehapUrvakasukhAbhilASavataH sukha-duHkhasAdhaneSvAdAna-parihArArthA pravRttiH aviruddhA' iti cet ? syAdetat yadi tatsahajamAtmadarzanamekapratyayalakSaNaM kA) avadhAraNa kara liyA hai usa ko usake virodha ke kAraNa tathAvidha akSaNikatva kA bhrama ho nahIM sakatA, jisa ko vizeSa kA avadhAraNa na ho use hI vaha utpanna honA cAhiye / uparAMta, akSaNikatva avabhAsa ko yadi Apa mAnasarUpa mAneMgeM to anya kisI vastu kA smaraNa hogA usa vakta akSaNikatva kA avabhAsa utpanna nahIM ho sakegA / kAraNa, eka sAtha do jJAna kI utpatti nahIM mAnI jAtI / smaraNa bhI mAnasa aura akSaNikatva kA avabhAsa bhI mAnasa, do mAnasa vikalpa kI eka sAtha utpatti nahIM hone kA niyama hai / yadi eka sAtha do jJAnoM kI utpatti mAnya kara leMge to azva vikalpa kI utpatti ke samaya meM hI gAya darzana kI sAmagrI gAyadarzana ko bhI utpanna karegI aura yaha gAyadarzana vikalpAkrAnta ho jAne para, Apa jo siddha karanA cAhate haiM ki darzana kalpanApoDha yAnI kalpanAvinirmukta hotA hai vaha siddha nahIM ho skegaa| isa taraha anumAna ko samAropa-vyavacchedaka mAnane para yahI phalita hotA hai ki anumAna se bheda kA nizcaya ho jAne para, akSaNikatva kA samAropa kisI bhI tarIke se nahIM bacanA cAhiye / aura samAropa ke na bacane para, jisa vyakti ko anumAna se pUrvottara kSaNoM meM bheda kA nizcaya ho cukA hai usa kI aba AtmaviSayaka yA AtmIya dhanAdi viSayaka samAropamUlaka pravRtti bhI nahIM honI cAhiye / 'pUrvottarajJAnakSaNa sarvathA anvayazUnya evaM bhinna hI hai, una meM anvayI koI AtmA hai hI nahIM (jisa ke para sneha kiyA jAya) aisA nairAtmyadarzana ho cukane para 'vahI maiM hU~' aisA ekatvAdhyavasAyI Atmadarzana hone kA sambhava hI nahIM haiM kyoMki pUrvAparakSaNoM meM vivekagrahaNa(=bhedagraha) aura avivekagrahaNa(=abhedagraha) ina donoM kA eka vyakti meM virodha hotA hai / ekAtmadarzana ruka jAne para ekAtmagrahaNamUlaka jo dhanAdi meM mamatva kA graha hotA thA vaha bhI nivRtta ho jAyegA / mamatvagraha miTa jAne para jo mamatvabhAvanA mUlaka rAga-dveSa hote the ve bhI nivRtta ho jAyeMge / isa prakAra eka bAra bhedaanumAna ho jAne para rAga-dveSa-nivRtti bhI ho gayI taba pIche jo iSTa sAdhana meM iSTa-sAdhanatA ke adhyavasAya mUlaka prApti ke liye pravRtti hotI hai aura aniSTa sAdhana meM aniSTasAdhanatAmUlaka jo usa ke parihAra ke liye nairAtmyadarzI kI bhI ceSTA hotI hai vaha kaise saMgata hogI ? nairAtmya abhyAsa meM niSphalatA kI Apatti dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki kSaNikatva ke anumAna mAtra ko agara samAropavyavacchedaka mAneMge to akSaNikatvasamAropa vyavaccheda dvArA pUrvokta se rAga-dveSa uccheda ho jAne para mukti bhI prApta ho sakatI hai, phalata: anAzravacittajanmasantatisvarUpa mukti ke hetubhUta nairAtmyAdi ke abhyAsa ke liye jo mumukSu AyAsa karatA hai vaha nitAnta niSphala bana jaayegaa| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki - 'kSaNikatvAnumAna se akSaNikatvasamAropa kA vyavaccheda hone para vastu meM kalpanAmUlaka ekatvAdi kA darzana jo hotA thA usa kA vyavaccheda hotA hai, kintu sahaja vAsanAmUlaka jo Atmadarzana

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178 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na syAt tadrUpatve tvAtmano'numAnAt kSaNavivekanizcayamAtreNaiva tasya niruddhatvAnna tanimittA saMskArakAraNeSu pravRttiH / athaikapratyayalakSaNaM sahajamAtmadarzanaM na bhavati na tarhi nairAtmyAbhyAsAdapyavirodhAt tanivRttiriti vyartho nairAtmyAbhyAsaH syAt / ato na sAkSAt pAramparyeNa vA'kSaNikasamAropavyavacchedakatvAt kSaNikAnumAnasya prAmANyam / adhyakSaprabhavavikalpe'pi caitat samAnam nizcaye tatrApi samAropAbhAvAt / na ca pravRttasamAropA'vyavacchedakatvAd vikalpasyA:prAmANyamiti vaktuM yuktam pravRttasamAropavyavacchedakatvena prAmANya(Nye) vizeSatodRSTAnumAnasyApi prAmANyaprasaktiH tasyApi tadrUpatvAt / na ca pravRttaH samAropo vyavacchettuM zakyaH abhAvasya nirhetukatvAbhyupagamAt / na ca pratyakSapRSThabhAvivikalpamapahAyA'numAnasyaiva prAmANyam tasya liMgajatvAt itarasya ca tadviparyayAditi vAcyam vizeSatodRSTAnumAnasya liMgajatvena prAmANyaprasakteH / na cAnubhavaudita hotA AyA hai usa kI nivRtti nahIM hotI ata: AtmadarzanamUlaka sva aura svakIya meM rAga bhI tadavastha rahatA hai / usa se sukhAbhilASa bhI hotA hai / phalataH sukhArthI kI sukha-dukha ke sAdhanoM kI prApti-parihAra ke liye pravRtti hone meM koI bhI virodha nahIM hai / ' - to yaha aisA tabhI mAna sakate haiM yadi ekatvAdhyavasAya aura vaha sahaja Atmadarzana, ina donoM meM kucha pharka ho / jaba Apa jJAnasantati meM ekatva ke adhyavasAya ko hI AtmadarzanasvarUpa mAnate ho taba to anumAna se kSaNabheda kA nizcaya ho jAne para usa ekatvapratIti kA avarodha ho jAne se Atmadarzana bhI avaruddha huye vinA nahIM raha sakatA, phira AtmadarzanamUlaka saMsArasarjaka kRtyoM meM pravRtti bhI baMda ho jAnI cAhiye / yadi vaha sahaja Atmadarzana ekatvapratItirUpa nahIM mAnate taba to kSaNabhedanizcaya kI taraha nairAtmyAbhyAsa ke sAtha bhI usakA virodha siddha na hone se nairAtmyAbhyAsa ke liye AyAsa karanA nirarthaka siddha hogA, kyoMki puna: puna: kSaNabheda kA nizcaya hI nairAtmyAbhyAsarUpa hotA hai / vikalpa meM prAmANya aparihArya uparokta kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki akSaNikasamAropa ke vyavaccheda hone ke nAte kSaNikatvAnumAna ko pramANa mAnanA galata hai| aura samAropa kA abhAva to pratyakSajanya vikalpajJAna ke bAda bhI rahatA hone se anumAna kI taraha vikalpa jJAna ko bhI pramANarUpa se svIkAra lene kI Apatti aparihArya bana jAtI hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "vikalpa ke bAda samAropa kA abhAva rahatA hone para bhI 'usa ke pahale samAropa calA AtA ho aura vikalpa ke bAda usa kI utpatti kI paramparA tUTa jAya' isa prakAra kA samAropavyavaccheda, jo ki anumAna ke bAda hotA hai, vikalpa ke bAda nahIM hotA - kyoMki vikalpa ke pahale to usa vastu kA pratyakSa hI huA rahatA hai jisa ko nAmAdi yojanA kara ke vikalpa prakAzita karatA hai / ' - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ vizeSatodRSTAnumAna ko pramANa mAnane kI Apatti AyegI - vaha isa prakAra : pratyakSa se agni kA darzana hone ke bAda kabhI usI agni ke bAre meM, dhUma liMga ko dekha kara 'yaha vahI agni hai' aisA anumAnanizcaya hotA hai / isa anumAna ko bauddha mata pramANa nahIM mAnatA kyoMki liMgajanya hone se vaha pratyakSarUpa nahIM hai aura usa dhUma ke sAtha usI agni kA pUrva meM kabhI sambandhagrahaNa nahIM huA hai isaliye vaha anumAnapramANa bhI nahIM hai / phira bhI yahA~ 'yaha vahI nahIM' aise samAropa kA vyavaccheda to hotA hI hai / ata: isa anumAna ko bhI pramANa mAna lenA hogA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 179 viSayamAtrAdhyavasAyitve'dhyakSapRSThabhAvivikalpAnAmabhyupagamyamAne vyAptisiddhirapi parasyopapadyate, sanihitamAapratigrAhitvenA'dhyakSasya tadvAyapArAnusAriNo vikalpasyApi sarvAkSepeNa sAdhya-sAdhanayorvyAptigrAhakatvA'sambhavAt / tathA ca dezAntarAdAvupalabhyamAnaM sAdhanamanizcitasAdhyapratibandhaM tatra sAdhyaM na gamayet / ___ atha 'kArya dhUmo hutabhujaH kAryadharmAnuvRttitaH' [pra. vA. 3-34] nizcitaH sa dezAntarAdAvapyanalAbhAve bhavaMstatkAryatAmevAtikramedityAkasmiko'gninivRttau na kvacidapi nivarteta, nApyavazyaMtayA'gnisadbhAva eva tasya bhAva upalabhyate / tathA, vyApakAbhAve'pi tadAtmano vyApyasyAbhAve na kadAcit sAdhanaM tatsvabhAvatayA pratIyeteti / nanvevaM vyAptisiddhAvapi tanizcayakAlopalabdhenaiva syAt vyApakenAsya vyAptiH dUsarI bAta : pravRtta samAropa kA abhAvAtmaka vyavaccheda to nAzarUpa hone se nirhetuka hotA hai ata: kSaNikatva anumAna usa kA vyavacchedaka bhI nahIM ho sakatA / (yaha pahale bhI kaha Aye haiM / ) aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate ki - 'anumAna to liMgajanya hone se pramANa ho sakatA hai, pratyakSapRSThabhAvi vikalpa liMgajanya nahIM kintu pratyakSajanya hone se apramANa hai' - kyoMki abhI kahA hai ki vizeSatodRSTAnumAna bhI liMgajanya hone se usa meM prAmANya prasakta ho jAyegA / aura bhI eka doSa yaha hai ki vikalpa ko apramANa ThaharAne ke liye Apa use gRhItamAtragrAhI dikhAte haiM kintu yaha nahIM socate ki yadi pratyakSapRSThabhAvi vikalpoM ko yadi anubhava(=pratyakSa) ke viSaya mAtra ke adhyavasAyI mAneMge taba Apa ke mata meM vyApti kA grahaNa bhI azakya bana jAyegA / kAraNa, pratyakSa to sirpha nikaTastha vastu kA hI grAhaka hotA hai, usa ke vyApAra se utpanna hone vAlA vikalpa bhI taba nikaTa sthita vastu kA hI adhyavasAyI hogA, taba dUrastha, atIta-anAgata sabhI sAdhya-hetu vyaktiyoM kA upasaMhAra kara ke vyApaka taura para jo sAdhya-sAdhana meM vyAptigraha karanA hai vaha nahIM ho sakegA / phalata: anya deza, anyakAla meM jaba dhUmAdi sAdhana kA upalambha hogA, taba usa meM apane agniAdi sAdhya kI vyApti kA nizcaya zakya na hone se vahA~ agniAdi sAdhya kA grahaNa nahIM ho skegaa| vyApakarUpa se vyAptigraha-zakyatA kI zaMkA-uttara bauddha : pramANavArttika meM kahA hai ki kAraNa ke anvayavyatireka kA anusaraNa karanA ise kAryadharma kahA jAtA hai aura jo jisake kAryadharma kA anuvartana karatA hai vaha usa kA kArya kahA jAtA hai / dhUma agni ke kAryadharma kA anuvartana karane vAlA hone se vaha agni kA kArya mAnA jAtA hai / abhI jo Apane kahA ki 'dezAntaravartI dhUma se sAdhya agni kA bodha nahIM ho sakegA' vaha isaliye ThIka nahIM hai ki agni ke kAryarUpa meM nizcita hone vAlA dezAntarasthita dhUma agara agni ke vinA hI vahA~ paidA ho jAya taba to usa meM agnikAryatA kA hI bhaMga ho jAya aura taba vaha ahetuka hogA aura 'agni ke abhAva meM dhUma kA abhAva' bhI nizcita nahIM kiyA jA sakegA, evaM 'agni ke hone para hI dhUma ho sakatA hai' aisA avazyaMbhAva bhI jArI rahegA nahIM / uparAMta agni aura dhUma ke bIca vyApaka-vyApyabhAva kA bhaMga ho jAne para vyApaka (agni) ke abhAva meM bhI vyApya kI sattA sambhavita ho jAne se, svabhAvahetuka anumAna bhI tUTa jAyegA kyoMki vyApaka vRkSa ke na rahane para bhI usake sAtha tAdAtmyabhAva rakhanevAlA vyApya ziMzapA kI sattA ho sakegI phalata: kisI kI bhI svabhAva hetu ke rUpa meM sthiti hI na bana pAyegI / niSkarSa yaha hai ki vikalpa se dezAntaravartI sAdhana meM bhI ukta tarka ke sahAre vyApakataura para vyApti kA graha zakya hai /

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180 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tasyaiva tathAnizcayAt / na(?) tAzasyApi sAdhyavyAptagrahaNe tadgrAhiNo vikalpasyAgRhItagrAhitvaM kathaM na syAt, ? 'yadeva hi pratyakSeNa tavyAptatvenopalabdhaM tatastasyaivAnumAnaM vizeSatodRSTam' tanvAnumAnaM syAt, anyadezAdisthenA'vyApteH / 'pArizeSyAt tAdRzavyApakenAnyatra tAdRzasya vyAptisiddhiriti na vaktavyam pArizeSyA'siddheH / tathAhi - tat pArizeSyaM kiM pratyakSam utAnumAnam ? na tAvat pratyakSam dezAntarasthasyAnumeyasya pratyakSeNA'pratipatteH / pratipattau vA'numAnavaiyarthyaprasaktiH / athAnumAnam nanu tatrApi kathaM sAdhya-sAdhanayoH pratibandhasiddhiH ? na pratyakSeNa, tasya vyAptigrAhakatvenA'pravRtteH / nAnumAnAntareNa, anavasthAprasaktaH / na tenaivAnumAnena, itaretarAzrayaprasaMgAt / tasmAdanumAnaprAmANyavAdinA sarvopasaMhAreNa vyAptigrAhI pratyakSajanmA svaviSayA'visaMvAdI vikalpaH pramANayitavyaH / pramANAntaravAdI : isa ke sAmane pramANAntaravAdI kahatA hai ki ukta tarka ke sahAre jo vyAptisiddhi hotI hai vaha bhI usa vikalpAtmaka nizcaya kAla meM jo agnirUpa vyApaka saMnihita rahegA usI ke sAtha vyApti kA graha ho sakatA hai kyoMki usa vikalpa meM jisa dhUma kI pratIti usa ke sAMnidhya se hotI hai usI meM ukta tarka ke sahAre vyApti kA nizcaya kiyA jA rahA hai, anya dhUma meM anya agni kI vyApti kA nhiiN| kAraNa, vaha anya dhUma usa vikalpa ke janaka pratyakSa se gRhIta nahIM hai / yadi anya dhUma vahA~ saMnihita na hone para bhI usa meM sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti kA grahaNa tarka ke sahAre mAneMge taba to vaha vikalpa agRhIta kA grAhI kyoM nahIM mAnA jAyegA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki agara vikalpa meM agRhItagrAhitA ko TAlane ke liye pratyakSa se jisa vyakti kA sAdhya ke vyApyarUpa meM grahaNa huA hai usI kA hI usa vyApya se anumAna hone kA kaheMge to yahI vizeSatodRSTa anumAna kahA jAtA hai jisa ke liye Age bAta ho cukI hai ki usa ko bauddha pramANa mAnane ke liye tayyAra na hone para bhI pramANa mAnane ke liye bAdhya ho jAtA hai / kAraNa, vizeSatodRSTa anumAna meM anyadezavartI agni ke sAtha vyApti kA ullekha nahIM hotA hai, ata eva anyadezavartI agni kA anumAna bhI nahIM hotaa| yadi kaheM ki - 'anyadezavartI agni vyApaka ke sAtha anyatra rahe hue dhUmAdi meM vyApti kI siddhi parizeSa pramANa se ho jAyegI' -to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki parizeSa pramANa hI asiddha hai| svaviSayasaMvAdI vikalpa pramANabhUta bauddha mata meM pratyakSa aura anumAna se adhika anya koI pramANa na hone se vaha parizeSapramANa yA to pratyakSarUpa hogA yA anumAna hogA kintu eka bhI sambhava nahIM hai| pratyakSarUpa isaliye nahIM ho sakatA ki dezAntara meM rahe hue sAdhya kI pratipatti pratyakSa se sambhava nahIM hai, agara sambhavita mAneMge to pUre anumAna kA uccheda prasakta hogA, kyoMki anumeya padArtha bhI jaba pratyakSagRhIta ho jAyegA to vaha kauna-sA artha zeSa rahegA jisa ke grahaNa ke liye anumAna Avazyaka hogA ? vaha parizeSa pramANa anumAnarUpa bhI sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ pahale to usa anumAna ke utthAna ke liye vyApti rUpa sAdhya aura usa ke sambhavita sAdhana ke bIca vyApti kA graha karanA hogA vaha kaise hogA ? 'pratyakSa se' aisA to kaha nahIM sakate kyoMki vyApti ke grahaNa meM vaha kabhI sakriya nahIM hotA yaha bAra bAra kahA jA cukA hai / 'anya anumAna se' aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki vahA~ bhI vyAptigraha ke liye anya anumAna kI apekSA dikhAne para aisI anya anya anumAna kI paramparA calegI jisakA anta nahIM hogA / yadi kaheM ki - anya anumAna ke liye jo prAraMbha meM vyAptigraha Avazyaka hai vaha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 181 sa cAbhinibodhikaM jJAnamasmadarzane prasiddhamaspaSTatayA zrutaM vA UhazabdavizeSavAcyatayA, na pratyakSaparokSa-pramANadvayavyatiriktaM tat pramANAntaram / pratyakSAnumAnavAdinAM tu vyAptigrAhakaM pramANAntaraM prasaktam pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAM vyAptigrahaNA'saMbhavAt / na ca pratibandhagrAhakasya pramANasya svArthe vyabhicAraH pratibandhA'bhAvAt iti vaktavyam tatra, yogyatAlakSaNapratibandhasadbhAvAt / pratyakSe'pi hi svArthaparicchedo yogyatAta eva na punastadutpattyAdeH / tadutpattipratibandhAt pratyakSasya svArthaparicchedakatve indriyasyApi tatparicchedyatvaprasaktiH / tatsArUpyAttasya tatparicchedakatve nIlakSaNo'paranIlausI anya anumAna se hone kA mAneMge - taba to itaretarAzraya doSa prasakta hogA / kAraNa, vyAptigraha hone para anya anumAna kI saphala pravRtti hogI aura anumAna kI pravRtti ke hone para hI usa vyApti kA grahaNa hogA jisa se ki prathama anumAna rUpa parizeSapramANa khaDA karanA hai| uparokta carcA se aba yahI niSkarSa phalita hotA hai ki anumAna ke prAmANya ko surakSita rakhane ke liye bauddhavAdI ko vyApakataura para tajjAtIya sakala vyaktiyoM ke bIca vyAptirUpa prameya kA grahaNa saMgata karane ke liye usa ke grAhakarUpa meM vikalpa rUpa nayA pramANa aMgIkAra karanA hogA jo ki pratyakSa kA phala hogA aura apane viSaya kA avisaMvAdI hogA / vyAptigrAhaka vikalpa pramANa kA antarbhAva hamAre jaina mata meM to aisI pramANAdhikya kI Apatti ko avakAza hI nahIM hai kyoMki hamAre yahA~ pratyakSa aura parokSa do pramANa mAne gaye haiN| yaha jo vyAptigrAhaka vikalpa hai usa kA antarbhAva yA to Abhinibodhika pratyakSa pramANAtmakajJAna meM kara sakate haiM, yA 'uha' zabdavizeSavAcya jo zrutajJAna rUpa parokSapramANa hai usa meM kara sakate haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki hama Abhinibodhika jJAnAntargata vikalpAtmaka pratyakSa aisA mAna sakate haiM jo bhUtabhAvi sabhI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha sAdRzyagrahaNamUlaka vyAptigraha kara sakatA hai, cUMki hama aisA nahIM mAnate haiM ki pratyakSagRhIta kA hI vikalpa se grahaNa ho / yadi isa prakAra kA vyAptigraha kabhI kabhI spaSTAvabhAsI na hone ke kAraNa pratyakSAtmaka use mAnane meM svarasa na ho to vaha tarkAtmaka parokSapramANarUpa bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai| usa kA svarUpa yaha hai ki 'jitane bhI dhUma hote haiM ve saba agni ke hone para hI hote haiM aura agni ke na hone para kabhI nahIM hote' / isa prakAra vyApti ko tarkapramANa kA viSaya mAnane meM yadi koI aisA kaheM ki - 'aisA vyAptigrAhI pramANa apane artha kA vyabhicArI hai, yAnI vyApti hI usa kA viSaya hai aisA niyama nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki isa pramANa ko vyAptirUpa viSaya ke sAtha koI pratibandha yAnI saMbandha nahIM hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ 'yogyatA' hI sambandha ke rUpa meM maujUda hai| arthAt vyApti meM rahI huyI jo tarkagrahaNayogyatA hai vahI tarka aura vyApti kA pratibandha (saMnikarSa) hai| yogyatA sambandha kA samarthana isa bAta para dhyAna dene jaisA hai ki pratyakSa bhI apane niyata viSaya kA avabodha yogyatA kI mahimA se hI karAtA hai, na ki 'niyata viSaya se utpatti' Adi kI mahimA se / arthAt ghaTa se utpanna hone ke kAraNa usa kA pratyakSa ghaTaparicchedaka hotA hai yaha bAta nahIM hai kintu ghaTaniSTha yogyatA kI mahimA se usa kA pratyakSa ghaTaparicchedaka hotA hai yaha bAta sahI hai| pratyakSa jaise ghaTa se utpanna hotA hai vaise

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182 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kSaNasya paricchedakaH syAt / paricchedasya jJAnadharmatvAt aprasaMge, nIlajJAnamaparanIlajJAnaparicchedakaM syAt / tadutpattisArUpyAbhyAM samuditAbhyAM pratyakSasya sarvathAparicchedakatve nIlajJAnaM samanantaranIlajJAnasya paricchedakaM syAt / 'tadutpatti-sArUpyasadbhAve'pi samAnArthasamanantapratyayasya, na tad grAhakaM vyavasthApyate tadadhyavasAyAbhAvAt' iti cet ? nanu 'tadutpattyAdike pratibandhe samAnepyartha eva tadadhyavasAyo na punaH samanantarapratyaye' iti pRSTena bhavatA saiva yogyatA niyAmikA vktvyaa| api ca, "viSayendriyamanaskAreSu vijJAnakAraNatvenA'viziSTeSu viSayasyaivAkAraM bibharti vijJAnaM nendriyAdeH' tathA 'nIlAdyarthasArUpyA'vizeSe'pi nIlajJAnaM yogyadezasthameva nIlAdyarthaM viSayIkaroti nAnyam' ityatrApi yogyataiva zaraNam / ato'syA eva tatsArUpyAdivizeSe'pyavazyamabhyupagamanIyatvAt arthapratiniyamaH sarvatrAbhyupagamanIyaH iti pratyakSavadUho'pi netrAdi indriya se bhI utpanna hotA hai, yadi tatparicchedakatA meM tadutpatti ko niyAmaka kaheMge taba to indriya se utpanna hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa indriyavyavasAyI ho jAne kI Apatti hogI / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'ghaTa aura indriya donoM se pratyakSa jJAna kI utpatti hone para bhI pratyakSa jJAna ghaTa se sarUpa yAnI ghaTAkAra hotA hai isaliye ghaTa kA hI vaha paricchedaka hotA hai, indriyasarUpa (= indriyAkAra) nahIM hotA isaliye indriyaparicchedaka nahIM hotA / isa prakAra sArUpya kI mahimA mAneMge, yogyatA kI nahIM' - to yahA~ eka nIlakSaNa meM anyanIlakSaNa ke paricchedakatva kI Apatti AyegI kyoMki nIlAtmaka hone se donoM sarUpa hai / yadi kaheM ki - 'pariccheda' jJAna kA dharma hai, nIla kSaNa to bAhyavasturUpa hone se usa meM ukta Apatti nahIM AyegI' - to eka nIlajJAna meM anya nIlajJAna ke paricchedakatva kI Apatti kyoM nahIM hogI ? tadutpatti-tatsArUpya-tadadhyavasAyitva ye tInoM nirarthaka yadi aisA ho ki - "sirpha sArUpya hI paricchedakatva kA niyAmaka nahIM hai kintu tadutpatti aura tatsArUpya ina donoM ke samudAya se tatparicchedakatva kA niyamana hotA hai, eka santAnagata nIla-jJAna aura anya saMtAnagata nIlajJAna meM janya-janakabhAva na hone se sirpha sArUpya ko le kara ukta Apatti nahIM dI jA sakatI' / to eka santAna meM uttarakSaNa ke nIlajJAna meM usa ke samanantara yAnI pUrvakSaNa vAle nIlajJAna ke paricchedakatva kI Apatti hogI, kyoMki vahA~ sarUpatA to hai hI aura tadutpatti bhI hai| abhI Apa kaheMge ki - 'samAnaviSayaka samanantarapratyaya meM yadyapi tadutpatti aura sArUpya donoM hI hote haiM kintu vahA~ jo nIlajJAna hotA hai vaha nIlarUpa kA hI adhyavasAyI hotA hai, samanantara nIlajJAna kA adhyavasAyI nahIM hotA / yahA~ tadadhyavasAyitva eka aura niyAmaka hai| isa liye nIlajJAna ko nIlajJAna kA grAhaka hone kI Apatti nahIM hogI / ' - to yahA~ eka prazna hogA ki tadutpatti aura tatsArUpya donoM ke rahane para bhI kyA kAraNa hai ki vaha nIlajJAna nIlarUpa artha kA hI adhyavasAyI hotA hai, nIlajJAna kA adhyavasAyI nahIM hotA haiM ? yahA~ Apa ko bhI vahI yogyatA bhagavatI ko sIra jhukAnA hogaa| uparAMta, jaisA tadadhyavasAyitva ke liye prazna hai vaisA hI tatsArUpya ke liye bhI zakya hai - jaba vijJAna indriya-viSaya-anta:karaNa Adi aneka kAraNa samudAya se utpanna hotA hai taba yaha prazna hogA ki kyA kAraNa hai ki vaha vijJAna viSayAkAra ko hI AtmasAt karatA hai, indriyAkAra ko nahIM ? dUsarA prazna bhI ho sakatA 1 - rUpAloka-manaskAra-cakSubhyaH sampravartate / vijJAnaM maNi-sUpAMzu-gozakRdbhaya ivAnalaH // iti - anekAntajapapatAkApAM TI0 pR0 206 - paM0 19 /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 183 yogyatAyAH pratibandhasAdhako'bhyupagantavyaH, anyathA anumAnAdivyavahAroccheda eva / na cAtrApyanavasthA, na hi pratibandhanizcayApekSo liMgavadayaM gamakaH, pratyakSavad yogyatayaiva svArthaprakAzanAt, svahetoreva niyatArthaprakAzanayogyasyAsyotpatteH / na ca svalakSaNadarzanAnantarabhAvino vikalpasyA'spaSTAvabhAsitayA na sAmAnyagrAhakatvam, unmIlitacakSuSoH puro'vasthite samAnAkAre'rthe spaSTatayA tasyAvabhAsanAt / atha savikalpA'vikalpayoryugapadvRttervimUDhaH tayoraikyamadhyavasyati iti spaSTatAvabhAsaH / asadetat savikalpA'vikalpayoH kimekaviSayatvam, utAnyatareNAnyatarasya viSayIkaraNam AhosvidaparatretarasyAdhyAropastayorekatvAdhyavasAya iti vikalpairanuhai ki nIlAdijJAna usa ke utpAdaka nIlAdi artha se jaise samAnAkAra hotA hai vaise hI jo usa ke ajanaka nIlAdi anya arthavyakti haiM una se bhI samAnAkAra hotA hai, isa prakAra janaka aura ajanaka donoM nIla artha kA nIla jJAna se sArUpya jaba samAna rUpa se haiM taba kyA kAraNa hai ki vaha nIlajJAna usa ke yogyadeza meM rahe hue nIlAdi artha ko hI viSaya karane vAlA mAnA jAtA hai, ayogya dezavartI nIlAdi artha ko nahIM ? ina sabhI praznoM ke uttara meM tattad nIlAdi artha aura tattad nIlajJAnAdi meM yogyatA kA svIkAra kiye vinA ugArA nahIM ho sakatA / phalita yaha huA ki samAnarUpa se tatsArUpya Adi ke hone para bhI nIlAdipratyakSa meM nIlaviSayatA kA niyamana yogyatA se hI kiyA jA sakatA hai isaliye sarvatra artha kA niyama (yAnI taTajJAna meM tadgrAhakatA kA niyama) yogyatA se hI karanA hogaa| prastuta meM bhI pratyakSa kI taraha Uha meM vyApti kA pratibandha (= sambandha) yogyatA se hI siddha mAnanA hogA / aisA nahIM mAneMge to vyAptigraha kA anya koI upAya na bacane se anumAnAdi vyavahAroM kA uccheda hone kI Apatti hogii| yadi kahA jAya ki - 'vyApti kA nizcaya yogyatA ke dvArA tarka se hogA, kintu usa yogyatA kA nizcaya kauna se pramANa se kareMge ? agara anya tarka se kareMge to vahA~ bhI yogyatA ke nizcaya ke liye anya tarka kI AvazyakatA.....isa prakAra anavasthA doSa AyegA' - to yaha niyuktika hai kyoMki liMgadvArA anumAna kI utpatti meM jaise vyApti kA nizcaya Avazyaka hotA hai vaise tarka dvArA vyApti ke nizcaya meM sirpha yogyatA kA honA Avazyaka hai 'usa kA nizcaya bhI Avazyaka ho' aisA nahIM hai / pratyakSa se arthapariccheda meM bhI yogyatA kA rahanA Avazyaka hotA hai, usa yogyatA se AliMgita kA hI pratyakSa utpanna hotA hai, vahA~ yogyatA kA nizcaya Avazyaka nahIM hotA, isI taraha tarka bhI apanI kAraNa sAmagrI se utpanna hotA huA niyatArtha prakAzana yogyatA ke sAtha hI utpanna hotA hai, vahA~ bhI yogyatA kA nizcaya jarUrI nahIM hai| vikalpa meM sAmAnyagrAhakatva kA samarthana pahale jo yaha kahA thA ki hamAre jaina mata meM vikalpa kA Abhinibodhika pratyakSa pramANajJAna meM antarbhAva hai usa ke Upara prativAdI kahatA hai - 'svalakSaNagrAhI darzana ke bAda hone vAlA vikalpa spaSTAvabhAsI nahIM hotA isa liye usa se sAmAnya kA graha bhI zakya nahIM hai| tAtparya, vyApaka taura para agnisAmAnya kI dhUmasAmAnya meM vyApti kA graha vikalpa se azakya hai / [prativAdI kA yaha khyAla hai ki aspaSTAvabhAsI jJAna meM sAmAnya gRhIta nahIM hotA] / ' - kintu aisA hai nahIM, kyoMki samAnAkAradhArI artha ke sammukha avasthita hone para A~kha khola ke dekhanevAle ko spaSTarUpa se hI dhUmAdisAmAnya kA avabhAsa hone kA anubhava hai / prativAdI : yaha spaSTAvabhAsa vikalpa se nahIM hotA, kintu savikalpa-nirvikalpa donoM jJAna kI ekasAtha

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184 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam papatteH / tatra na tAvadekaviSayatvaM tayoH sambhavati, vikalpa (sya) pUrvAnantarapratyayA'grAhyatatsamAnakAlavastuviSayatvAt / anyatarasyAnyatareNa viSayIkaraNamapi samAnakAlabhAvinorapAratantryAdanupapannam / aviSayIkRtasyAnyasyAnyatrAdhyAropo'pyasambhavI / ' tadanantarabhAvi jJAnaM tau viSayIkRtyAparamanyatrAdhyAropayatI'tyapi vaktumazakyam, tayorvivekenopalambhaprasaMgAt / tathA ca nAdhyAropAdapyekatvAdhyavasAyaH / kiMca, yadyavikalpakaM vikalpe'dhyAropya vikalpakamavikalpatayA'dhyavasIyate tadA samAnAkArasya vikalpaviSayatayA'bhyupagatasya na tatra tadrUpatayA'dhyavasAyaH syAt vikalpAvabhAsasya tadviSayatvena vyavasthitasya vikalpasvarUpavad vikalparUpatayA'dhyavasitatvAt / atha vikalpamavikalpe'dhyAropyA'vikalpo vikalparUpatayA'dhyavasIyate tadA sutarAmaspaSTapratibhAsa eva syAt, laghuvRtterapi kramabhAvinorvikalpA'vikalpayorna utpatti jaba hotI hai taba una donoM meM aikya yAnI abheda ke adhyavasAya hone se nirvikalpa kI spaSTAvabhAsitA savikalpa meM lakSita hotI hai / B - vAdI kahatA hai ki prativAdI kI yaha bAta asatya hai kyoMki yahA~ eka bhI vikalpa kharA nahIM utaratA / donoM ke aikya kA adhyavasAya yAnI kyA A ekaviSayatA athavA eka-dUsare ke grAhya ko viSaya karanA, kiMvA anya meM anya kA adhyAropa honA ? savikalpa - nirvikalpa kA aikyAdhyavasAya yAnI una donoM kA viSaya eka honA - yaha sambhavita nahIM hai kyoMki vikalpa kA viSaya apane samAnakAlIna vastu hotI hai jo pUrvapratIti yA uttarakAlInapratIti kA grAhya nahIM hotI / dUsarA vikalpa eka dUsare ke grAhya ko viSaya karanA yaha bhI saMbhavita nahIM hai kyoMki jo ekakAlotpanna hote haiM una meM kArya kAraNabhAva na hone se eka-dUsare kA pAratantrya nahIM hotA hai jisase ki eka ke viSaya ko dUsarA udbhAsita karane ko bAdhya ho / jaba eka dUsare ke grAhya ko viSaya karane kI bAta ghaTa nahIM sakatI taba 'eka jJAna kA anya jJAna meM adhyAropa' yaha tIsarA vikalpa adhika niravakAza ho jAtA hai kyoMki adhyAropa tadviSayatva ke Upara avalambita hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki 'una donoM ke bAda eka aisA jJAna hogA jo una donoM ko viSaya kara ke eka meM dUsare ko adhyAropita kareMgA' to yaha sambhavita nahIM hai, kyoMki ve donoM jJAna vivikta yAnI alaga alaga hone se, uttarakAlabhAvi jJAna se usa kA grahaNa bhI alaga alaga hI hogA / niSkarSa, adhyAropaprayukta ekatvAdhyavasAya kI bAta sambhavita nahIM / vikalpa - avikalpa meM eka-dUsare kA adhyAropa durghaTa - yaha bhI socanA hogA ki adhyAropa, vikalpa meM avikalpa kA mAneMge yA avikalpa meM vikalpa kA mAneMge ? yadi aisA kaheM ki 'vikalpa meM avikalpa ke adhyAropa ke jariye vikalpa vikalparUpa se adhyavasita na ho kara avikalpa rUpa se adhyavasita hotA hai - yahI ekatvAdhyavasAya hai / ' . to yahA~ samAnAkAra meM vikalpaviSayatA svIkRta hote hue bhI usakA avikalpAdhyavasAya meM samAnAkAra se bhAna nahIM hogA / kAraNa, samAnAkAra vikalpa ke viSayarUpa meM sunizcita hote huye bhI, avikalparUpa se adhyavasita jJAna meM jaise vikalpa kA svarUpa bhAsita nahIM hotA hai vaise vaha samAnAkAra bhI bhAsita nahIM ho sakegA / dUsarA vikalpa - yadi avikalpa meM vikalpa ke adhyAropa ke jariye, avikalpa kA vikalparUpa meM adhyavasAya yahI ekatvAdhyavasAya hai aisA mAneMge to vikalpAdhyAropa ke kAraNa atyanta aspaSTAvabhAsa hogA jaba ki Apa to spaSTa avabhAsa ke liye yahA~ koziza kara rahe haiM / yadi aisA kaheM ki 'avikalpa ke bAda vikalpa utpanna hotA hai, kintu itanA zIghra utpanna hotA hai ki vahA~ Jain Educationa International - - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 185 vicchedAnupalakSaNam varNadvayAdinA'nekAntAt / 'vikalpAtmanotpattirevendriyajasyAtmanyaparasamAropa:' cet ? nanvevaM sarvendriyajA buddhirvikalpakatvenA'satyA syAt / vikalpasyApi nAvikalparUpeNotpattirekatvAdhyayavasAyaH, vikalpAtmano vaizayAbhAvAt / yugapadvRttezcAbhedAdhyavasAye dIrghazaSkulIbhakSaNAdau rUpAdijJAnapaJcakasyApi sahotpatterekatvAdhyavasAyaH kiM nAbhyupagamyeta ! 'bhinna viSayatvAt teSA sa neSyate' iti cet ! tarhi prakRte'pi sa mA bhUta, kSaNasantAnaviSayatvenA'vikalpa-savikalpayoniviSayatvAt / / na hi vikalpe niraMzaikAkSaNAvabhAso lakSyate tallakSaNe kSaNakSayAnumAnavaiyarthyaprasakteH / kSaNaviSayatve'pi vA na tayorekaviSayatvam svopAdAnaviSaya-tatsamAnasamayakSaNagocaratvAt / ekasantAnasamAzrayeNa dvayorapyekaviSayatve darzanasmaraNayorabhinnasantAnAdhikaraNayorapi syAt / 'vartamAnArthatayA pravRtterna darzana-smaraNakramikatA hone para bhI yAnI samAnakAlatA na hone para bhI donoM ke bIca zIghratA ke kAraNa bheda upalakSita nahIM hotA - isa se ekatvAdhyavasAya hotA hai|' - to yahA~ dvayavarNA uccAraNa meM anaikAntikatA spaSTa hai, 'gha-Ta' uccAraNa meM 'gha' ke bAda zIghra hI 'Ta' kA uccAraNa hotA hai kintu zIghratA ke kAraNa vahA~ donoM kA bheda lakSita na hotA ho aisA to nahIM hai phira kaise ekatvAdhyavasAya kahA jAya ?! yadi aisA kahA jAya - 'indriyajanya pratyakSa hI dUsare kSaNa meM vikalpajJAnAtmanA utpanna hotA hai - yahI avikalpa meM vikalpa kA adhyAropa hai aura ekatvAdhyavasAya bhI' - taba to indriyajanya hara koI buddhi vikalpAtmaka hone ke kAraNa bhithyA yAnI apramANa ho jAne kI Apatti sira uThAyegI yadi isa Apatti ko TAlane ke liye kahA jAya ki - 'avikalpa kI vikalparUpa se nahIM kintu vikalpa kI avikalparUpa se utpatti honA yahI ekatvAdhyavasAya hai' - to yaha bhI kahanA muzkila hai kyoMki vikalpa Apa ke mata se aspaSTAvabhAsa svarUpa hone se usakI avikalparUpa se utpatti hogI to vaha avikalpa bhI apanI spaSTAvabhAsatA ko kho baiThegA / Akhira puna: aisA kaheM ki donoM eka sAtha utpanna hote haiM isa liye hI donoM kA abhedAdhyavasAya hotA hai - taba dIrghazaSkulI ke bhakSaNakAla meM eka sAtha utpanna hone vAle rUpa-rasAdi jJAnoM ko bhI abhedAdhyavasAyI mAna lene kI jhaMjhaTa khaDI hogI / yadi isa se bacane ke liye aisA kaheMge ki - 'yahA~ sabhI jJAnoM kA viSaya rUpa-rasAdi bhinna bhinna hai, jaba ki vikalpa to avikalpa ke viSaya ko thoDA kucha nAma-jAtyAdi aura joDa kara grahaNa karatA hai, usa meM sarvathA bhinna viSayatA nahIM hai,' - to yahA~ bhI bhinna viSayatA isa prakAra hai ki avikalpa kA viSaya tattat rUpAdikSaNa hotA hai jaba ki vikalpa kA viSaya tattad rUpAdisantAna hotA hai ata: abhedAdhyavasAya aura usa se spaSTAvabhAsa hone kI bAta galata hai| vikalpa-nirvikalpa meM ekaviSayatA durghaTa vikalpa kA viSaya santAna hI lakSita hotA hai, niraMza ekakSaNa mAtra kA bhAna vikalpa meM lakSita nahIM hotA / aura vikalpa meM kSaNamAtra lakSita hogA to kSaNikatva kA anumAna nirarthaka bana jAne kI Apatti hogI / kadAcit mAna liyA jAya ki vikalpa meM kSaNa kA avagAhana hotA hai to bhI savikalpa-nirvikalpa to vikalpa ke upAdAnabhUta jJAna (nirvikalpa svayaM) meM bhAsita hone vAle kSaNa ko viSaya karatA hai jaba ki vikalpa to apane samAnakAlIna kSaNa ko viSaya karatA hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki - "nirvikalpa aura savikalpa eka santAnapatita hone se ekaviSayatA ho sakatI hai' - to phira ekasantAnapatita darzana aura smaraNa bhI eka viSayaka ho jAyegA,

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186 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yorekatvAdhyavasAya iti cet ? na, zabdAdisvalakSaNe'dhyakSagocare kSaNakSayamanumAnAnizcinvato'nubhava-vikalpayoryugapadbhAve'pyabhedAdhyavAsAyAbhAvAt / marIcikAyAM jalabhrAntervizadAvabhAse ca nimittaM vaktavyam, vikalpA'vikalpayoryugapadbhAvanimittasya tatrAbhAvAt tadopalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalambhAd darzanasyAbhAvAt tatsadbhAve vA na jalAkAraM darzanam jalabhrAnterakSajatvAnabhyupagamAt / nApi marIcikAviSayam bhinnAdhikaraNatayA tayorekIkaraNA'sambhavAt, sambhave vA ghaTAnubhAvasya paTasmaraNAdAvapi prasaGgaH / pratyakSAsanavRttitvAd vaizayabhrame'nyatrApi saivAstu kiM yugapajjJAnotpattikalpanayA ? prakRtivibhramAdevA'sya tathAbhAve siddhaM vikaphalata: ekaviSayatA prayukta spaSTAvabhAsa smaraNa meM bhI prasakta hogA / yadi kaheM ki - 'darzana aura smaraNa ekasantAnagata hone para bhI smaraNa vastu ke atItatva ko ujAgara karatA hai, 'merA viSaya varttamAna hai' isa DhaMga se vaha vartamAnarUpa se vastu-avabodha nahIM karatA / ata: darzana-smaraNa meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya niravakAza hai|' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ nahIM to anyatra, jaba eka AdamI zabdAtmaka svalakSaNa kA pratyakSa kara rahA hai, sAtha sAtha kSaNikatva ke anumAna kI samAnakAlIna sAmagrI se kSaNikatva kA zabda meM hI nizcaya bhI kara rahA hai usa sthAna meM pratyakSa aura AnumAnika nizcaya donoM hI vartamAna rUpa se zabda ke grAhaka haiM kintu vahA~ AnumAnika nizcaya aura pratyakSa meM vartamAnarUpa se ekaviSayatA prayukta abhedAdhyavasAya kahA~ hotA hai ? vikalpa meM spaSTatAvabhAsa kA nimitta uparAMta, agara Apa marIcikA (mRgatRSNikA) meM jala kI bhrAnti meM spaSTatAvabhAsa kyoM hotA hai yaha soceMge to turaMta patA cala jAyegA ki yugapad utpattimUlaka abhedAdhyavasAya spaSTatAvabhAsa kA nimitta nahIM hai / kAraNa vahA~ jalabhrAnti kI ghaTanA meM vikalpa aura nirvikalpa ko eka sAtha utpanna hone ke liye sAmagrI hI nahIM hai / darzana to vahA~ sambhavita nahIM hai kyoMki darzana upalabdhi ke liye yogya hone para bhI usa samaya upalabdha (= anubhUta) nahIM hotA / agara mAnoM ki vahA~ darzana kA anubhava hotA hai, to vaha darzana jalAkAra nahIM hogA (anya kisI AkAra kA hogA) kyoMki agara darzana ko jalAkAra mAneMge to vaha bhrAntirUpa mAnanA hogA, aura bhrAnti ko to bauddha vidvAn indriyajanya nahIM kintu vAsanAjanya mAnate haiM jaba ki darzana to indriyajanya hotA hai - isaliye vahA~ jaladarzana to ho nahIM sakatA / yadi kaheM ki - 'jalAkAra darzana bhale na ho maricikA (= parAvartita prakAza) kA to darzana ho sakatA hai' - to bAta ThIka hai lekina taba darzana kA viSaya marIcikA aura bhrAntirUpa vikalpa kA viSaya jala, isa prakAra donoM meM bhinnaviSayatA ho jAne se darzana aura vikalpa kA ekIkaraNa = abhedAdhyavasAya vahA~ sambhavita nahIM rahegA / bhinnaviSayatA hone para bhI yadi ekIkaraNa mAneMge taba to vastra ke smaraNa kAla meM ghaTAnubhava ke ekIkaraNa kA aniSTa prasakta hogA / matalaba vastra ke smaraNa kI aura ghaTadarzana kI sAmagrI jaba eka kAla meM upasthita rahegI taba vastrasmaraNa aura ghaTadarzana donoM eka sAtha utpanna hoMge aura bhinnaviSayatA hone para bhI vahA~ abhedAdhyavasAya hogA ! aba ina sabhI jhaMjhaTo se chuTakArA pAne ke liye yadi vahA~ spaSTAvabhAsI jalabhrama meM pratyakSanikaTatA ko yAnI pUrvakSaNa meM utpanna hue pratyakSa ke sAnnidhya ko nimitta mAneMge to phira sAmAnyagrAhI darzanajanya vikalpa meM bhI spaSTAvabhAsitA kA vahI nimitta kyoM nahIM mAna lete ? kyoM vahA~ 'ekasAtha jJAnotpatti' ko nimitta dikhAne kI jhaMjhaTa meM ulajha rahe ho ? yadi aisA kaheM ki 'prakRti yAnI apane svabhAva ke vibhrama se hI jalabhrAnti

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 187 lpAtmakajJAnasya vaizadyam / na ca jalabhrAnteravaizadyam, jalabhrAntyAdhArasamAnadezajalapratibhAsA'vizeSAt / na ca yugapavRttirjJAnayoH siddhA, sakRdbhAve hi jJAnayoyugapavRttiH syAt / na caikasmAt sAmagrIvizeSAdarthendriyAdilakSaNAd yugapat kAryadvayasya vikalpA'vikalpasyodayo yuktaH, yataH sAmagrIbhedAt kAryasya tatprabhavasya bhedo yuktaH, anyathA nirhetukaH sa syAt / atha kAryavyatirekAt kAraNasya tatra sAmarthyAvadhAraNam / arthAdivyatirekAcca na vikalpavyatirekaH etatsamAnajAtIyAnAmatItAdivikalpAnAmarthAyabhAve'pi bhAvAdityavikalpotpAdana evArthendriyAdeH sAmarthyamavasIyate ityabhyupagamAdastyeva sAmagrIbhedaH tataH kAryabhedo'pi saGgata eva / asadetat timiraparikaritacakSuSo'rthavyatirekeNApyavikalpakasya kasyameM spaSTAvabhAsa hotA hai' - taba to vikalpa meM bhI Akhira prakRtivibhrama se spaSTAvabhAsa siddha hai / prakRtivibhrama yAnI svayaM mithyArUpa hone para bhI satyAtmaka lakSita honA / vikalpa meM yadyapi aisA prakRtivibhrama jainamatasammata to nahIM hai phira bhI vaha bauddhasammata hone se usa meM spaSTatA kA prasaMjana karane meM koI nukasAna nahIM hai / yadi bauddha aisA kahe ki - 'jalabhrAnti meM spaSTAvabhAsitA hotI hI nahIM' - to usa kA svIkAra azakya hai kyoMki satyajalajJAna aura jalabhrAnti donoM meM AdhArabhUta deza kA jaise spaSTAvabhAsa hotA hai vaise hI jala kA bhI spaSTa avabhAsa hotA hai / eka sAmagrI se vikalpa-avikalpa donoM kA udbhava asaMgata eka sAtha vikalpa-avikalpa do jJAna kI utpatti jo Apa batA rahe haiM yaha bhI asiddha hai / indriya-viSayAdi eka hI viziSTa sAmagrI se eka sAtha vikalpa aura avikalpa aise do kAryabhUta jJAnoM kI utpatti saMgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, sAmagrIjanya kAryoM kA bheda, sAmagrI bhinna bhinna hone para hI yukta hotA hai, sAmagrIbheda vinA bhI yadi kAryabheda mAneMge taba to kAryabheda ahetuka ho jAne se, yA to sarvatra prasakta hogA, athavA kahIM bhI nahIM hogaa| aba yadi aisA kahA jAya ki- 'abhimata kAraNa ke na rahane para jaba kArya utpanna nahIM hotA taba usa kAraNa ko tatkAryotpattisamartha mAnA jAtA hai / prastuta meM dekhiye ki, artha-indriyAdi ke na rahane para vikalpa kA udaya na hotA ho aisA isaliye nahIM hai ki atItAdi arthoM ke bAre meM, una ke na hote huye bhI, una ke atItAnubhavoM ke samAnajAtIya vikalpoM kA udaya hotA rahatA hai / avikalpa kA udaya arthAdi ke na rahane para kabhI nahIM hotA, ata: indriya-viSayAdisAmagrI avikalpa kI utpatti meM samartha hone kA siddha hotA hai| yaha siddha hone para vikalpa aura avikalpa kI sAmagrI meM bhI bheda hone kA siddha ho jAne se, kAryabheda kA honA bhI aba yuktisaMgata ThaharatA hai / ' yaha kathana galata hai ki artha ke vinA avikalpa kI utpatti nahIM hotI, timira roga grasta netravAle manuSya ko kucha kezoNDukAdi kA nirvikalpa darzana bhI vinA keza hI hone kA dekhA jAtA hai, taba usake samAna jAtIya anya nirvikalpoM meM bhI vikalpoM kI taraha aba arthajanyatva kA, uparokta ApakI yukti ke anusAra abhAva prasakta hogA / yadi kahA jAya- 'indriyajanya pratyakSa aura taimirika kA anubhava ye donoM samAna jAtIya nahIM hai, bhinna haiM, ata: pratyakSa meM arthajanyatva kA abhAva prasakta nahIM hogA / '- to yaha bAta savikalpa meM bhI samAnarUpa *. limbaDIpratau 'eta' sthAne 'pata' iti pAThAntaram / 'yata:' iti tu saMgacchate /

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188 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam cidutpattidarzanAdaparasyApi tajjAtIyatA'vikalpadarzanasya vikalpavadanarthajanyatvaprasakteH / na caikatra vikalpe'vaizayadarzanAt tajjAtIyatayA sarvatra tathAbhAvasiddhiH, avikalpasyApi dUrArthagrAhiNaH kasyacidavaizayopalabdheH tadanyasyApi tadbhAvaprasakteH / tat sthitamakSabhAvino vikalpasyArthasAkSAtkaraNalakSaNaM vaizadyam / tena svavyApAramevamAdarzayato vikalpasyotpatteH 'svavyApAramutprekSAtmakaM tiraskRtya darzanavyApArAnusaraNAd vikalpaH pramANaM na bhavati' ityetanirastaM draSTavyam / vikalpazcaika evArthagrAhyupalakSyate nAparaM darzanam yadvyApArAnusAriNo vikalpasyA'prAmANyaM bhavadbhiH gRhItagrAhItayA pratipAta / vikalpA'vikalpayorlaghuvRttervikalpavyatirekeNA'vikalpasyAnupalakSaNe'GgIkriyamANe varNayorapi laghuvRtteritaretarase soca lIjiye ki atItAdiviSayaka vikalpa aura ghaTAdi pratyakSavikalpa samAnajAtIya nahIM hai ataH sabhI vikalpoM meM arthajanyatvAbhAva prasakta nahIM hogaa| *vikalpa meM arthasAkSAtkArasvarUpa vaizaya vikalpa meM jaise arthajanyatva kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotA vaise hI, kisI eka vikalpa meM spaSTatA na dikhane para tAdRza vikalpajAtIya sabhI vikalpoM meM spaSTatA kA abhAva siddha karane kI ceSTA bhI vyartha hai| kyoMki aise to kisI eka dUrasthitaAmrAdigrAhI avikalpa bhI (sirpha vRkSa kA hI, na ki Amra kA, avagAhI hone se) aspaSTa hI utpanna hotA hai to usa ke udAharaNa se samAnajAtIya sabhI avikalpoM meM aspaSTatA kI vipadA aayegii| niSkarSa yaha phalita hotA hai - vikalpa bhI indriyajanya aura arthasAkSAtkArasvarUpa spaSTatA se alaMkRta hI hotA hai / aura vaha sAkSAtkAra svarUpa hotA hai isIliye apane arthaprakAzanasvarUpa vyApAra ko vyakta karatA huA hI utpanna hotA hai / isIliye jo kisIne yaha kahA hai ki 'vikalpa pramANabhUta nahIM hai kyoMki vaha apane kalpanAsvarUpa (yAnI nAma-jAtyAdiyojanA svarUpa) vyApAra ko chIpA kara darzana ke hI vyApAra kA anusaraNa karatA huA utpanna hotA hai' yaha nirasta ho jAtA hai kyoMki yaha galata bAta hai ki vaha apane vyApAra ko chIpAtA hai / vikalpa se bhinna nirvikalpajJAna kI samIkSA * __ saca bAta to yaha hai ki jisa darzana ke vyApAra kA anusaraNa karane ke kAraNa gRhItagrAhI ho jAne vAle vikalpa ko Apa apramANa ThaharAnA cAhate hai vaha darzana to arthagrAhI (arthasAkSAtkArakartA) ke rUpa meM lakSita bhI nahIM hotA, sirpha vikalpa hI arthagrAhI ke rUpa meM lakSita hotA hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki 'vikalpa ke bAda zIghra hI vikalpa utpanna ho jAne se zIghratA ke kAraNa, vikalpa se alaga avikalpa lakSita nahIM hotA' taba to eka varNa ke bAda zIghra hI anya varNa kI utpatti ho jAne se 'gha' aura 'Ta' ye do varNa bhI eka-dUsare se alaga-thalaga lakSita na hone kI vipadA AyegI / aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki 'varNadvaya ke uccAraNa meM to vaisI zIghratA na hone se eka-dUsare se alaga bodha ho jAne kA pUrA sambhava hai' - yadi aisA kaheMge to phira eka sAtha aneka indriyoM se janya vivikta jJAna kI utpatti jo nahIM mAnate haiM una naiyAyikAdi vidvAnoM ke prati Apa jo zIghratA ke kAraNa gha-Ta kI vivikta pratIti meM usa niyama kA vyabhicAra pratipAdita karate haiM vaha bhI nahIM ho sakegA / tAtparya aisA hai ki dIrghazaSkulIbhakSaNa meM jaba pA~ca indriyoM se eka sAtha aneka jJAna mahasUsa hote haiM taba kucha loga kahate haiM ki ve kramaza: utpanna hote haiM, eka sAtha nahIM, phira bhI zIghrotpatti ke kAraNa vahA~ krama lakSita na hone se eka sAtha utpatti bhAsita hotI hai- una ke sAmane bauddha kahate haiM ki

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 189 vyatirekeNAnupalakSaNaprasaktiH / na ca varNayostathAbhUtalaghuvRtterabhAvAt parasparavyatirekeNopalakSaNasadbhAvaH, yugapajjJAnAnutpattivAdino'pi tAbhyAM vyabhicArAbhAvaprasakteH / nApi sAdRzyAd vikalpA'vikalpayorbhedenAnupalakSaNam, santAnetaraviSayatvena tayorekaviSayatvakRtasAdRzyAbhAvAt / jJAnarUpatayA sAdRzye nIlAsnIlAkArajJAnayorapi jJAnAtmanA sAdRzyAna syAd bhedenopalakSaNam / tanA'vikalpakajJAnasadbhAvaH / atha yadi prathamAkSasannipAta eva savikalpakaM darzanamudayamasAdayati tadgrAhyastvarthAtmA, tathA satyarthagrahaNAbhAva eva prasaktaH / tathAhi - arthadarzane sati tatsanidhAne dRSTe tadvAcake smRtiH, tatsmRtau ca tenArtha yojayati, tadyojitaM cArthaM vikalpikA buddhiradhyavasyati / na ca savikalpapratyakSavAdI azabdakamartha pazyati, taddarzanamantareNa ca (na) tadvacaHsmRtiH, tAmantareNa ca na vacanapariSvaktArthadarzanam ityarthadarzanAbhAva eva prasaktaH / asadetat - yato 'azabdakamarthaM vikalpo nAvagacchati' ityabhyupagamyate tadA syAdayaM doSaH, na cAsmAbhiH zabdasaMyojitArthagrahaNaM vikalpo'bhyupagamyate, kiM tarhi ? niraMzakSaNiyadi zIghratA ke kAraNa krama lakSita nahIM hotA to 'gha-Ta' ke uccAraNa meM kaise vaha bhAsita hotA hai ? jaba ki zIghratA to yahA~ bhI hai / isa prakAra zIghratA ke kAraNa krama anupalakSita hone ke niyama meM jo bauddha 'gha-Ta' uccAraNa ko lekara vyabhicAra dikhAtA hai vaha aba nahIM dikhA sakegA yadi varNadvaya ke uccAraNa meM zIghratA kA niSedha kregaa| yadi aisA kahe kiM - sAdRzya ke kAraNa vikalpa aura avikalpa meM bheda upalakSita nahIM hotA - to yaha galata hai kyoMki vikalpa kA viSaya santAna aura avikalpa kA viSaya kSaNa hai ata: una donoM meM ekaviSayatA kRta sAdRzya kA sambhava hI nahIM hai / aura yadi sirpha jJAnasvarUpatArUpa sAdRzya hI bheda-anupalakSaNa kA bIja kahA jAya to nIlAkAra aura anIlAkAra do jJAnoM meM bhI jJAnasvarUpatAtmaka sAdRzya vidyamAna hai ata: nIlAkAra aura pItAkAra jJAnoM meM bhI bhedabuddhi nahIM hogii| niSkarSa, vikalpabhinna nirvikalpa jaisA koI jJAna hI siddha nahIM hai / bauddha : vastu sarvaprathama indriyasamparka meM Ane para, turaMta hI savikalpaka pratyakSa kA hI udaya hotA hai aura usI se arthasvarUpa kA grahaNa hotA hai aisA jaba Apa mAneMge taba to arthagrahaNa kI sambhAvanA hI miTa jAyegI / vaha isa prakAra : eka bAta to sunizcita hai ki savikalpapratyakSa pramANavAdI ke mata meM zabdanirapekSa yAnI zabdaasaMzliSTa sirpha akele artha kA to kabhI darzana nahIM hotA / aba isa kI upapatti sociye, prathama arthadarzana hogA, bAda meM usa artha ke sambandhIrUpa meM dRSTa yAnI jJAta usa ke vAcaka zabda kA smaraNa hogA / smaraNa ke bAda zabda ko artha meM yojita karegA, taba zabdayojita artha ko vikalpabuddhi adhyavasita kregii| kintu yahA~ mUla meM hI kSati hai, savikalpapratyakSavAdI ke mata meM azabdayojita artha kA to darzana hI nahIM hogA, yahI mUla meM kSati hai, ata: darzana ke vinA vAcaka zabda kA smaraNa bhI nahIM hogA, usa ke vinA vacanAliMgita artha kA vikalpajJAna hI nahIM hogA / phalata: kisI bhI upAya se arthadarzana nahIM hogA / hamAre mata meM to pahale zabdA'nAliMgita arthadarzanarUpa avikalpajJAna mAnya hai, isaliye uparokta zrRMkhalA meM kahIM bhI kSati nahIM AyegI / syAdvAdI : Apa kA yaha kathana galata hai kyoMki yadi hama aisA mAnate haiM ki - "vikalpa se zabdavinirmumukta artha kA darzana hotA hI nahIM' taba to Apane jo mUlakSati doSa dikhAyA hai vaha lAgU hotA, hama to 'zabdasaMyojita

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190 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kAnekaparamANuvilakSaNasthirasthUrArthagrahaNam, tacca prathamAkSasannipAtavelAyAmapyanubhUyate / tathA, saMhRtasakalavikalpAvasthAyAmapi na niraMzakSaNikAnekaparamANupratibhAsaH, sthirasthUlarUpasya bahiHstambhAdeAhyarUpatAM bibhrANasya pratibhAsanAt / yadi punarabhilASasaMsRSTArthAdhyavasApyeva vikalpo'bhyupagamyate tadA tadanutpattireva prasaktA / tathAhi - yAvat puro vyavasthitaM vastu nIlAditve(na) na nizcitaM na tAvat tatsannidhAnopalabdhatadvAcakasmRtyAdikrameNa tatpariSvaktArthanizcayaH yAvacca na nizcayo na tAvat tadvAcakasmRtyAdi, kSaNakSayAdAvivA'nizcite vAcakasmRtyAderayogAt / yoge vA zabdAnubhavAnantaraM 'kSaNikaH' iti vAcakasmRtyAdikrameNa tanizcayotpatteH kSaNakSayAnumAnamapArthakaM syAt / api ca, 'tadvAcakasyApi smaraNamaparatadvAcakayogamantareNa bhavadabhyupagamena na sambhavati, tadyojanamapi smaraNamantareNa, smaraNamaartha ko hI vikalpa grahaNa karatA hai| aisA mAnate hI nahIM / to phira kyA mAnate haiM ? hama vikalpa se sthira evaM sthUla artha kA grahaNa mAnate haiM jo ki kSaNika aneka paramANupuJja ke grahaNa kI Apa kI mAnyatA se sarvathA ulaTA hai / sarva prathama indriya-artha samparka hone para bhI sthira-sthUla arthagrAhI vikalpa kA hI anubhava hotA hai, kSaNika - paramANupuJjagrAhI avikalpa kA nahIM / vikalpa mukta avasthA meM bhI sthira-sthUla-bAhyArtha kA bhAna* uparAMta, jaba mana sakala vikalpoM ke ghere se mukta raha kara sAmane rahe hue stambhAdi vastu para dRSTipAta karatA hai taba niraMza-kSaNika-aneka paramANu ke puJja kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA - apitu sthira, sthUla evaM bAhya rUpa se grAhyAkAra ko dhAraNa karate hue stambhAdi kA hI avabodha hotA hai / kadAcit mana meM azva kA vikalpa cala rahA ho tabhI yadi sAmane khaDe hue gAya Adi ke Upara dRSTipAta ho jAya to taba azva-gAya kA abhedAdhyavasAya nahIM hotA kintu sthira evaM sthUla tathA bAhya ke rUpa meM avabodha kA viSaya banate hue gAya Adi kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai| __yadi vikalpa zabdasaMyojita artha kA hI adhyavasAyI hotA hai' aisI mAnyatA kA Agraha rakheMge to vaise vikalpa kI utpatti hI sambhavAtIta ho jAyegI / pahale hI hama kaha Aye haiM ki avikalpajJAna kI sambhAvanA hI asaMgata hai isa liye avikalpa ke bAda savikalpa kI utpatti bhI nahIM mAnI jA sakatI / aba yadi vikalpa ko zabdasaMmilitArthagrAhI mAnane meM Agraha hai to Apane pahale kahA hai usI rIti se vikalpa kA anutthAna phalita hogA - jaise : jaba taka sammukha avasthita vastu kA nIlAdirUpa se nizcaya nahIM hogA taba taka tatsambandhirUpa se pUrvajJAta vAcaka zabda kA nahIM hogA, smaraNa ke abhAva meM usa kA artha ke sAtha saMyojana nahIM hogA, saMyojana ke na hone para zabda se AliMgita artha kA grahaNa nahIM hogA / jaba taka arthanizcaya nahIM hogA taba taka usa ke vAcaka zabda ke smaraNa kA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai / kyoMki yaha to Apa bhI jAnate haiM ki kSaNikatva kA nizcaya na hone ke kAraNa tadvAcaka zabda kA smaraNa Adi nahIM hotA hai / yadi kSaNikatva ke anubhava ke vinA bhI usa ke vAcaka kA smaraNa mAneMge taba to zabda kA zravaNa hone para tadgata kSaNikatva ke anubhava ke abhAva meM bhI kSaNikatva kA nizcaya utpanna ho jAyegA, phalataH zabda meM kSaNikatva kA anumAna arthazUnya bana jAyegA / *savikalpa se arthavyavasthA, anyathA vyavahAroccheda aura bhI Age baDha kara yaha kaha sakate haiM ki vAcaka kA smaraNa bhI Akhira to eka vikalpasvarUpa

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 pyaparatadvAcakayojanAdivyatirekeNa'... ityanavasthAnAnAtra kvacidapi nizcayaH syAditi / tasmAdabhilApasaMsargayogyasthirasthUrArthapratibhAsaM jJAnaM prathamAkSasaMnipAtodbhavaM savikalpakaM tathAbhUtArthavyavasthApakamabhyupagantavyam; anyathA sakalavyavahArocchedaprasaGgaH / ataH sAdhAraNA'sAdhAraNarUpe vastuni pramANapravRttiH nA'sAdhAraNAtmani, nirvikalpakasyApyasAdhAraNAtmani viSaye vikalpAnutpAdakatvAdagrAhakatvameva / grAhakatve vA tatra kSaNakSayAnumAnasyAprAmANyaprasaktiH / tasmAt ' svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH' ityasya hetorbhedena sarvapadArthAnAM pratyakSeNa vyAptigrahaNAbhAbAd na vyAptigrAhakapramANaphalametat ' svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH sarvabhAvAnAM sarvato bhedaH' iti / ato na dharmavizeSAbhAvaH / vyAvartyabhedAd vyAvRttibhedaH tadbhedAcca dharmabhede yathA amUrttAd vyAvarttamAno ghaTo 191 hI hai ataH vaha vikalpa bhI vAcaka meM usa ke vAcakarUpa zabda kI yojanA ke vinA, Apa ke uparokta kathana ke anusAra sambhava na hogaa| phira, vAcaka rUpa artha meM usa ke vAcaka zabda kI saMyojanA bhI punaH usa ke smaraNa ke binA nahIM ho sakegI / ataH usa dUsare vAcaka kI smRti kI apekSA rahegI, kintu vaha bhI usa ke (tIsare) vAcaka kI yojanA ke vinA sambhavita nahIM..... isa prakAra anavasthA doSa lAgU hogA, kyoMki arthagrahaNa ke liye zabdayojanA, zabdayojanA ke liye vAcaka kA smaraNa, usa ke liye punaH zabdayojanA kI apekSA...... yaha krama berokaToka calatA rahegA / phalataH vikalpa kA utthAna sambhavabAhya ho jAyegA / ina saba doSoM se bacane ke liye yahI mAnanA hogA ki prathama dRSTipAta ke sAtha hI zabdasaMyojanAyogya ( zabdasaMyojita nahIM, ) sthira - sthUla artha kA prakAzaka savikalpaka jJAna utpanna hotA hai aura vahI sthira sthUla bAhyArtha kA saMsthApaka bhI hai| aisA nahIM mAneMge to bAhyArtha kI sthiratA evaM sthUlatA ke AdhAra para jo samagra janavyavahAra rUDha hai usa kA uccheda ho jAyegA / pramANa kA viSaya sAmAnya- vizeSobhayAtmaka vastu vicAra kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki pramANa kA praveza sAmAnyavizeSobhayAtmaka vastu meM hI hotA hai, kevala vizeSAtmaka vastu meM nahIM hotA / nirvikalpa bhI asAdhAraNa vastu kA grAhaka nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha asAdhAraNavastuviSayaka vikalpa ko utpanna nahIM karatA / [ bauddha mata meM 'yatraiva janayedenAM tatraivAsya pramANatA' isa ukti ke anusAra nirvikalpa jisa viSaya meM vikalpa buddhi ko utpanna kare usI viSaya meM vaha pramANa hotA hai / ] yadi asAdhAraNavastuviSayaka vikalpa kI utpatti ke vinA bhI nirvikalpa ko asAdhAraNa vastu grAhI mAnA jAyegA to usako kSaNikatvagrAhI bhI mAnane ke liye bAdhya honA paDegA, jisake phalasvarUpa kSaNikatva kA anumAna gRhitagrAhitva ke hetu apramANa ho jAne se bekAra bana jAyegA / isa prakAra, pratyakSa vyAptigrAhaka siddha na hone se 'sva svabhAva vyavasthiti' rUpa hetu ke apane sAdhyabhUta sarvapadArthabheda ke sAtha vyApti kA grahaNa bhI pratyakSasiddha na hone se, vyAptigrAhaka pramANa ke dvArA Apa pahale 'sarve bhAvA svabhAvena svasvabhAvavyavasthite: svabhAva - parabhAvAbhyAM yasmAd vyAvRttibhAgina: ' isa kArikA se jo yaha siddha karanA cAhate the ki 'svasvabhAvavyavasthitirUpa hetu se sarva bhAva sarvathA yAnI sajAtIya-vijAtIya se bhinna hote haiM' yaha siddha honA azakya hai / yadi yaha siddha hotA taba to kaha sakate ki 'vijAtIyavyAvRtti kA prayojaka koI jAtisamAna dharmavizeSa nahIM hai' kintu yaha siddha hI nahIM hai taba to sadRzapariNAmAtmaka sAmAnyarUpa dharmavizeSa kA niSedha nahIM ho sakegA /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam mUrttastathA'mUrttAntarAd vyAvarttamAnaH pratyayo'mUrto'pi mUrttaH syAt / amUrttAtmanA tayorabhede kathaM nobhayAtmakatvaM bhAvAnAm ? na ca kalpito dharmabhedaH, tathAbhyupagame yathA parasattvAd vyAvarttamAnasya ghaTAdeH paraviviktaM svasattvaM kalpyate tathA svasattvAd vyAvarttamAnasya svA'sattvaprakRtiprasaGgaH / atha parasattvAdeva tasya vyAvRttiH na svasattvAd, nanvevaM kathaM na pAramArthiko'nyavyAvRttidharmabhedo'bhyupagataH syAt ? na ca 'ekaH saMvRttisannapi kalpyate'nyo na' iti vibhAgo yuktaH, kalpanAyAH sarvatra niraMkuzatvAt / tadevaM sadRzapariNAmasAmAnyasyA'bAdhitapratyayaviSayatvena sattvAdasiddho heturiti sthitam / 192 yadi aisA kaheM ki 'dharmavizeSa ko mAnane kI jarUra nahIM hai, vyAvartya go- azvAdi ke bheda se hI unakI agovyAvRtti aura anazvavyAvRtti meM bhI bheda prayukta hogA aura vyAvRttiyoM ke bheda se hI una meM dharmabheda yAnI kalpita sAmAnya- vizeSa bhI ho jAyegA'- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, ghaTa padArtha jaise saMskArAdi amUrtta padArtha se vyAvRtta hone ke kAraNa Apa usa ko 'mUrtta' kahate haiM ( mUrttatva rUpa dharma ke AdhAra para nahIM, ) vaise bodha svayaM amUrta hote hue bhI anya saMskArAdi amUrta padArtha se vyAvRtta hone ke kAraNa, bodha kA bhI 'mUrta' vyavahAra prasakta hone kI Apa ko Apatti AyegI, phalataH mUrttatva rUpa dharmavizeSa kA aMgIkAra nahIM kareMge to mUrtarUpa se ghaTa aura bodha donoM samAna ho jAyeMge evaM saMskAra aura bodha bhinna ho jAyeMge / yadi kaheM ki 'bodha saMskArAdi anya amUrta se vyAvRtta hone ke kAraNa mUrtta hote hue bhI svataH amUrtta hI hai isa liye saMskArAdi se usakA abheda hI rahegA' taba to bodha meM mUrttarUpatA aura amUrtarUpatA ubhaya prasakta hone se bhAvamAtra ko ubhayarUpa kyoM nahIM aMgIkAra karate ? I - ghaTa meM svasattva kI taraha svA'sattva kI Apatti yadi aisA Agraha rakheM ki dharmavizeSa (sAmAnya) kAlpanika hai vAstavika nahIM, taba eka Apatti durnivAra hogI- hama to ghaTa meM para rUpa se asattva aura svarUpa se sattva mAnate haiM / lekina Apa to vAstavika parataH asattva aura svasattva na mAna kara parasattvavyAvRtta ghaTAdi meM parAsAdhAraNa kAlpanika svasattva mAnanA cAheMge, to isI prakAra svasattvavyAvRtta ghaTa meM svA'sattva bhI mAnanA paDegA / yadi kaheM ki - 'ghaTa parasattva se vyAvRtta hotA hai kintu svasattva se vyAvRtta nahIM hotA, isaliye svA'sattva kA ApAdana zakya nahIM' - yahA~ Apa kI nahIM caleMgI, kyoMki taba Apa ko anyavyAvRttisvarUpa dharmavizeSa ko vAstavika mAnane ke liye bAdhya honA hI paDegA / kAraNa, jaba kalpanA hI karanA hai taba to anyavyAvRtti kI taraha sva meM svavyAvRtti kI bhI kalpanA ho sakatI hai, vahA~ 'eka anyavyAvRtti sAMvRta sat hote hue bhI kalpita kI jAya aura svavyAvRtti sAMvRtasat hote hue bhI usakI kalpanA na kI jAya' aisA pakSapAta karanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kalpanA to niraMkuza hone se donoM taraha kI jA sakatI hai / - sAra yaha hai ki sadRzapariNAmAtmaka sAmAnya bhI nirbAdhapratIti kA viSaya (bhale hI vikalpa kA viSaya ho) hone se vAstavika hai, ataH Apa kA hetu asiddha hai / Jain Educationa International tAtparya yaha hai ki bauddhane jo prArambha meM aisA kahA thA- bhinna arthoM meM abhedAdhyavasAyitva hetu se zAbdika pratIti meM bhrAntatA hotI hai- yahA~ vAstava meM sadRzapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya kI vAstavikatA ( = nirbAdhapratItiviSayatA) sAbita ho jAne se aba zAbdikapratIti abheda ( sAmAnyadhArI) meM hI abheda (sAmAnya) kI adhyavasAyinI siddha For Personal and Private Use Only

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193 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 svasaMvedanapratyakSasyA'nizcayarUpatAbhyupagame zabdapratyayasyA'siddhatvAdAzrayAsiddhazca hetuH / na hyanizcitaM jJAnasya svarUpaM svargaprApaNasAmarthyavad dAnacittasya siddhaM bhavati, pratibhAsamAtreNa siddhatve vA tatra vipratipattirna syAt, kSaNakSayAderapi ca pratibhAsamAtreNaiva siddhatvAt tadanumAnavaiyarthyaprasaktizca / na ca svasaMvedanenA'nizcayAtmanA'pi nizcayAtmajJAnasvarUpaM gRhyate na punastasya svargaprApaNasAmarthyAdikam ato na vipratipattyAyabhAva iti vaktavyam, tasmin gRhyamANe'gRhyamANasya tasya tato bhedaprasaMgAt / na ca ta. smin sarvAtmanA svasaMvidite'pyabhyAsapATavAdenimittAt kacidevAMze nizcayo na sarvatra, svasaMvedanasya tadaMzanizcayajananasamarthasyApi tadaMzAntare tadasAmarthyAd dvirUpatApatteH / na caikatra sAmarthyameva paratrA'sAmarthyam, vihitottaratvAt (173-8) / na ca nizcayasaMvedanasyApyanizcayAtmakatvena svato'nizcitasya hone se bauddhakathita anumAna kA hetu asiddha sAbita hotA hai / vyAkhyAkAra ne uttarapakSa ke prArambha meM hI isakA jikra kiyA hai aura yahA~ A kara upasaMhAra kiyA hai / 'bhedeSu abhedAdhyavasAyitva' hetu AzrayAsiddha hetu meM svarUpA'siddhi dikhAne ke bAda aba AzrayAsiddhi dikhAte hue vyAkhyAkAra kahate haiM- bauddhavAdI pratyakSa ko svasaMvedana to mAnate haiM kintu nizcayAtmaka nahIM mAnate / [vikalpa ko to pramANa hI nahIM mAnate / ] isa sthiti meM zAbdika pratIti jo ki pUrvokta bauddha anumAna meM pakSa banAyI gayI hai, usakI siddhi na hone se ukta anumAna kA hetu AzrayAsiddha bana jAyegA / vaha isa prakAra : jisa jJAna kA svarUpa anizcita ho usako siddha nahIM mAna sakate, jaise : dAnacitta kA svargaprApaNa sAmarthyAtmaka svarUpa anizcita hone se dAnacitta, se vaha siddha nahIM mAnA jAtA / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'jJAna kA svarUpa anizcita dazA meM bhI pratibhAsita to hotA hai, Akhira kucha usa kI jhA~kI jarUra hotI hai ata: use siddha mAna sakate haiM'- to yahA~ prAtibhAsika siddhi mAna lene para usake bAre meM kahIM bhI vivAda hI dekhane ko nahIM milegA / aura dUsarI bAta yaha ki aise to kSaNikatva kI bhI prAtibhAsika siddhi mAna leMge, phira usa ke liye anumAna bekAra ho jAyegA / svasaMvedanapratyakSa meM bhedaprasakti* yadi aisA kaheM - 'svasaMvedanapratyakSa svayaM bhale anizcayAtmaka ho, phira bhI nizcayAtmakajJAna svarUpa (zabdapratIti athavA dAnacitta) kA grahaNa to kara sakatA hai, kintu svargaprApaNazakti Adi atIndriya hone ke kAraNa usa kA grahaNa na hone se vahA~ vivAda dikhAI degaa|' - to aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki dAnacittAdi kA grahaNa hote hue bhI 'jo vahA~ gRhIta nahIM hotA hai usa kA' yAnI svargaprApaNasAmarthya kA dAnacitta se bheda ho jAyegA / yadi aisA kaheM ki- 'svasaMvedanapratyakSa dAnacittAdi nizcaya ko sarvAtmA se yAnI sabhI pArtha se saMpUrNa grahaNa karatA hai (ataH bheda nahIM hogA,) kintu jJAtA ke abhyAsa, paTutA ityAdi ke avalamba se kucha hI jJAnatvAdi aMza kA nizcaya hotA hai, srvagaprApaNazakta Adi aMzo kA nahIM / '- aisA isaliye nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki - yahA~ svasavedanapratyakSa meM dvirUpatA kI Apatti se puna: bheda prasakta hogA kyoMki vaha jJAnatvAdi aMza ke nizcaya kI utpatti meM samartha hai aura zakti Adi aMzo ke nizcaya kI utpatti meM asamartha bhI hai isa prakAra dvirUpatA prasakta hai / aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate ki - 'yahA~ jo eka aMza meM sAmarthyasvabhAva hai vahI apara aMza meM asAmarthya svarUpa hone se dvirUpatA nahIM hogI' - kyoMki isa kA uttara pahale kaha diyA hai ki saMnikarSavAdI bhI kahegA

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194 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nizcayavyavasthApakatvam, kSaNikatvAderivA'nizcitasyA'nyavyavasthApakatvA'yogAt / na ca svasaMvedanenA'nizcayAtmanA'nizcito nizcayaH pratyayavyavasthApakaH, iti nirvikalpakasvasaMvedanavAdinaH pratyayA'siddheH kathaM nAzrayA'siddhaH prakRto hetuH !! yadapi 'bhavatu vA sAmAnyaM tathApi tasya(?) bhedebhyo'rthAntaratve bhinneSvabhedAdhyavasAyo bhrAntireva' [pR. 18 paM0 7] ityAdi, tadapyayuktam: ekAntabhinnasya sAmAnyasya bhineSvabhedapratyayahetutvenA'nabhyupagamAt / na hyanyenAnye samAnA abhyupagamyante kintu svahetubhya eva kecit samAnA utpannAstathaiva gavAdipratyayaviSayAH / yadapi 'anarthAntaratve'pi sAmAnyasya' [pR0 18 paM08] ityAdi, tadapyasata, anarthAnta- ratvenaikAntena tasyA'nabhyupagamAtra tatpakSabhAvI bhrAntatvAdidoSaH pratyayasya / / yadapi 'yatraiva hi kRtasamayA dhvanayaH sa eva teSAmarthaH, na ca samayaH zabdAnAM paramArthataH sambhavati' [19-2] tadapyayuktam, sAmAnya-vizeSarUpasya vastunaH pAramArthikasya saMketa-vyavahArakAlavyApakasya pramANasiddhatvAt / yadyapi zAbaleyAdayo vyaktivizeSAH parasparaM nA'nuyanti tathApi samAnapariNAmasvarUpatayA kSayoki artha ke sAtha indriya kA saMpUrNa sambandha hone para bhI skandha ke kucha aMza kA hI darzana karAne kA sAmarthya usa meM hotA hai jo ki anya aMzoM ke darzana karAne ke asAmarthya se abhinna hI hotA hai....ityAdi / [pR0 174 paM0 13] dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki nizcaya kA saMvedana anizcayAtmaka hai, ata: jaba taka vaha svata: nizcayarUpa nahIM hai taba taka usa nizcaya kA bhI sthApana nahIM kara sakatA / jo kSaNikatvAdi ke bAre meM nizcayAtmaka saMvedana nahIM hotA vaha kSaNikatva kA sthApaka nahIM hotA, spaSTa bAta hai| isa kA natIjA yaha hai ki nizcayAtmaka svasaMvedana nizcaya kA bhI nizcAyaka nahIM hai ata: usa se anizcita aise anumAnAdi kisI bhI nizcaya se zAbdika pratIti kI bhI sthApanA = siddhi zakya nahIM rahegI / ata: nirvikalpasvasaMvedanapratyakSavAdI ke mata meM, zAbdika pratyaya kA astitva hI asiddha raha jAne se hetu kA Azraya-pakSa bhI asiddha hai, prastuta (bhedoM meM abhedAdhyavasAyitva) hetu bhI kyoM AzrayAsiddha nahIM hogA ? sAmAnya meM Aropita kA nirAkaraNa bauddhane jo prAraMbha meM kahA thA [pR0 18 paM0 24] 'sAmAnya kA astitva bhale mAno kintu vizeSapadArthoM se usa kA bheda mAnane para abhedAdhyavasAya bhrAnta ho jAyegA kyoMki anya se anyoM meM samAnatA (= abheda) nahIM ho sakatI' -....ityAdi vaha saba ayukta hai, kyoMki jaina mata meM ekAntata: vizeSabhinna sAmAnya tattva ko asamAnoM meM samAna pratIti kA hetu hI nahIM mAnA gayA hai / hama mAnate hI nahIM ki - 'pRthagbhUta sAmAnya se tadanya ghaTa-paTAdimeM samAnatA AtI hai' / are gAya Adi kucha padArtha apane apane (samAna) hetu se hI samAnatA dhAraNa karate hue utpanna hote haiM, aura isa taraha samAna pariNAma ko le kara utpanna gAyAdi abhedapratIti ke viSaya hote haiM / yaha jo kahA thA ki - 'sAmAnya vastu se abhinna hogA to usa kI mahImA se sArA vizva abhinna-eka ho jAne se kahIM bhI samAnatApratIti nahIM hogI kyoMki vaha anekatva vyApya hotI hai' [pR0 18 paM0 27]

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pazamavizeSAvibhUtaprAkpradarzitavyAptigrahaNasvarUpajJAne tathaiva pratibhAsamAnAH saMketazabdasvarUpasya saMketitatvAd dezAntare kAlAntare ca tataH zabdAt tadarthapratipatirAvyabhicAriNyupajAyata eva / ekatvaM tu zabdArthayoH zabdapratipattAvanaGgameva, tadantareNA'pi saMketasya kartuM zakyatvAt sArthakatvAcca / tena 'ye yatra bhAvataH' [19-3] ityAdiprayoge 'na bhavanti ca bhAvataH kRtasamayAH sarvasmin vastuni sarve dhvanayaH' ityasiddho hetuH, yathoktavastuni samayasya pratipAditatvAt / yadapi 'himAcalAdiSu saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakeSu saMketaH sambhaviSyati' ityAzaya 'teSvapyanekaparamANurUpatvAna saMketaH' iti, [23-1] tadapyayuktam samAnA'samAnapariNatirUpasya vastunaH saadhittvaat| yadapi 'udayAnantarApavArgiSu svalakSaNeSu saMketa utpannAnutpaneSvazakyakriya(ta?):' iti [pR. 23 paM0 5] tadapyasaMgatam ekAntenodayAnantarApavargitvasya bhAveSvasiddheH / athA'nte kSayadarzanAt prAgapi - yaha galata hai cU~ki hama sAmAnya ko vastu se ekAntata: sarvathA abhinna bhI nahIM mAnate haiM ata: ekAntaabheda pakSa ke avalamba se pratIti meM bhrAntatA Adi doSa niravakAza hai|| yaha bhI jo kahA thA - zabda jisa artha meM saMketita hote haiM vehI unake (vAcya) artha hote haiM yaha niyama hai kintu paramArtha se zabdoM meM arthasaMketa kA sambhava hI nahIM haiM - (pR.paM.) yaha bhI ayukta hai, kyoMki (yahA~ niyama aura pradarzita asambhava ke bIca spaSTa virodha hai, vyAkhyAkAra anya bAta bhI dikhAte haiM) vastu ko hama pAramArthika evaM sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka (ata eva nityAnitya) mAnate haiM isa liye usa ke nityatva (UrdhvatAsAmAnyarUpa) aMza ko lekara saMketa-vyavahAra ubhayakAla sthAyI honA bhI pramANasiddha hone se saMketa vAstava meM sambhava hai / hAlA~ki, zAbaleya-bAhuleyAdi piNDavizeSa ekadUsare meM anugata-anuviddha nahIM hote haiM, kintu ve sAmAnyapariNAmadhArI hone se, pUrva meM kahA hai (246-16) tadanusAra kSayopazamavizeSa (=AtmazaktivizeSa) janya pramANabhUta vyAptigrahaNAtmaka jJAna meM, pUrvottarajAta piNDoM meM 'samAna haiM' isa taraha jarUra bhAsita hote haiM ata eva saMketaviSaya bhI banate hI haiM / bauddha bhI apane zabda-vAkyoM ko prAmANika ThaharAne ke liye vyAvRtta zabda kA vyAvRtta artha meM saMketa dikhAte hue kahate hI haiM ki agozabda vyAvRtta 'go' zabda ko, saMketa-vyavahArakAla ubhaya meM vyApta aise 'ago' vyAvRtta (gAya) Adi padArthoM meM saMketita kiyA jAtA hai; isIliye anya deza-anya kAla meM bhI gAya Adi zabdoM se vinA kisI vyabhicAra ke gAya Adi artha kA bodha utpanna hotA hai / pharka sirpha itanA hI hai ki bauddha jina vyAvRttiyoM meM vAcya-vAcakatA kA svIkAra karatA hai veM usa ke mata meM tuccha svarUpa hai jaba ki syAdvAdI ke mata meM ve sadRzapariNAmAtmaka sAmAnya padArtharUpa hai| isa prakAra vAcya-vAcakabhAvAtmaka sambandha zabda-artha ke madhya meM siddha hotA hai, tAdAtmyasvarUpa ekatva yahA~ zabdArthabodha meM jarUrI hI nahIM mAnA gayA, kyoMki vinA tAdAtmya bhI uparokta sambandha se saMketa zakya bhI hai evaM sArthaka bhI hai| uparokta nirUpaNa se aba yaha nizcita hotA hai ki bauddhane 'jo jahA~ paramArthata: saMketita nahIM hote.. [pR0 paM0] ityAdi anumAna prayoga meM jo hetu kiyA thA 'koI bhI zabda vAstava meM kisI bhI artha meM kRtasaMketa nahIM hotA' yaha hetu 'zabda samAna-asamAna pariNAma viziSTa artha meM kRtasaMketa ho sakate haiN| isa uparokta nirUpaNa se asiddha ThaharAyA jAtA hai| pahale jo- 'himAlayAdi parvata saMketavyavahArakAlavyApI hone se usa meM saMketa sambhava kI AzaMkA [pR0

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam tatsvabhAvasiddhestatsiddhiH / nanvevamAdau sthitidarzanAdante'pi sthAsnutAsiddherviparyayasiddhiprasaMga: / athAnte sthairyAnupalabdherna viparyayasiddhiH, Adau kSaNakSayAnupalakSaNAt kSaNakSayasiddhirapi na syAt / ' sadRzAparAparotpattivipralambhAt kSaNakSayasyAdAvanupalakSaNam' iti cet ? syAdetad yadi kutazcit kSaNikatvaM siddhaM syAt, taccAsiddham tatra sAdhaka hetvabhAvAt / ' kRtakatvAt tatsiddhi' riti cet ? na sAdhyasA - dhanadharmabhedA(t?)siddhau tatastatsiddherayogAt, yoge vA svAtmanopyAtmanA siddhiH syAt / na ca vyAvRttibhedAt kRtakatvA'nityatvayorbhedaH, yatastadbhedaH svato vA, vyavacchedyAd vA, AropAd vA, buddhipratibhAsabhedAd vA bhavet ? 196 "na tAvat svataH, svato bhede bhedasya vastutvam, vastutve ca kathaM na vastutvapakSabhAvI doSa: ? vastunazvAnekAntAtmano bhedAbhedAtmakatayA siddheH siddho naH siddhAntaH / paM0] vyakta kara ke, himAlayAdi, koI eka cIja nahIM hai kintu kSaNikaparamANupuJja santAnasvarUpa hone se usa meM saMketa kA niSedha dikhAyA thA - vaha bhI ayukta ThaharatA hai kyoki vastumAtra antargata himAlayAdi bhI samAna asamAnarUpadvaya saMvalita eka pariNati svarUpa hai yaha bAta siddha ho cukI hai| * ekAnta kSaNikatva yuktisaMgata nahIM hai yaha jo Apane kahA thA - 'svalakSaNa utpanna hote hI dUsare kSaNa meM naSTa ho jAtA hai, usa kI utpanna yA anutpanna kisI bhI dazA meM saMketakriyA kA sambhava nahIM / ' [pR0 176 paM0 19 ] yaha bhI asaMgata hai| kAraNa, padArthoM ke bAre meM ekAnta ke taura para ' utpanna hote hI dUsare kSaNa meM naSTa hone kI bAta asiddha hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki Akhira to kisI eka kSaNa meM ghaTAdi kA nAza dikhAI hI detA hai ataH pUrva-pUrva kSaNoM meM bhI nAzasvabhAvatA siddha hone se, utpatti ke dUsare kSaNa meM bhI nAza siddha hotA hai / ' - are ! taba prathama kSaNa meM sthiti ke dikhAI dene se uttarottara kSaNoM meM sthitisvabhAva siddha hone para sthairya siddha ho jAyegA to ApakA mata ulaTA ho jAyegA / yadi kaheM ki - 'AkharI kSaNa meM sthairya kA upalambha na hone se hamArA mata ulaTA nahIM hogA / '- to phira pUrvAvasthA meM nAza na dikhAI dene se kSaNabhaMguratA bhI kaise siddha hogI ? / yadi aisA AkUta ho ki - 'pratyeka kSaNoM meM naye naye tulya padArtha kI utpatti kA sIlasIlA jArI rahane se, pUrvAvasthA meM bhale kSaNabhaMguratA dRSTigocara na hotI ho, kintu vaha hotI hai / '- jaba kSaNikatA dikhAI nahIM detI, taba kisI anya pramANa se usakI siddhi kara do to vaha AkUta ThIka hai kintu jaba kSaNikatA kA sAdhaka koI hetu hI nahIM hai taba kaise vaha ThIka kahA jAya ? ' hetu kyoM nahIM hai ? kRtakatva hetu se hama anityatva siddha kareMge' - nahIM, anityatva sAdhya aura kRtakatva hetu ina donoM ke bIca jaba taka kucha bheda siddha na ho taba taka sAdhya hetu eka ho jAne se anityatva kI siddhi zakya nahIM / yadi kRtakatva aura anityatva eka hone para bhI (sirpha nAma kA pharka hai phira bhI ) kRtakatva hetu se anityatva kI siddhi honA mAneMge taba to nAma pharka kara dene se eka hI sthiratA se nityatA kI apane Apa hI siddhi ho jAyegI / vyAvRttibheda para cAra vikalpa yadi aisA kaheM ki - akRtakavyAvRtti aura anityavyAvRtti meM bheda hone se kRtakatva aura anityatva meM bheda siddha hogA - to yahA~ cAra vikalpa prazna haiM- ^ una vyAvRttiyoM kA bheda svata: hai ? yA vyavacchedyaprayukta B

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 vyavacchedyabhedAdapi na vyavacchedabhedaH, anityA (tvAdi) vyavacchedyasya nityAdervyavacchedyasya vastuno'bhAvAt bhedAbhAvaprasakteH / kalpitavyavacchedyavyavacchedena tadbhedAbhyupagame tatra kalpanA'pi itaravyavacchedena ityanyonyavyavacchedena vyavacchedayorvyavasthitasvarUpatvAt kathaM netaretarAzrayadoSaH ? anityatvAdivyavacchedena nityAdivyavacchedyasya vyavasthAyAmanityAdivyavacchedasyApi nityAdivyavacchedyAt vyavacchedena buddhipratibhAsabhedAdeva bhedo'stu kiM vyavacchedasya vyavacchedyabhedAd bhedakalpanayA ? tathaiva bhedAt vyavacchedasya sAdhyasAdhanabhAve zabdatvAderapi buddhipratibhAsabhedena bhedAt sAdhanabhAvaH syAt / tathA ca na kazcit pratijJArthaikadezA'siddho hetuH syAt / na ca zabdAcchabdatvasya na pratibhAsabhedaH, anyathA dharma-dharmavyavasthA'bhAvaprasakteH / atha pratibhAsabhede'pi vyavacchedyabhedAbhAvAt zabdatvasya pratijJArthaikadezatvam, nanvevaM bhAva - dravyAbhidhAyinorabhidhAnayoraparyAyatA na syAt 'zabda' zabdena zabdatvasyAbhidhAnAt, anyathA pratijJArthaikadezatA'pi na syAt / D hai ? athavA Aropita hai ? athavA buddhipratibhAsabhedaprayukta hai ? yadi akRtakavyAvRtti aura anityavyAvRtti kA bheda svata: hai taba bheda (jo ki abhAvAtmaka hone se tucchasvarUpa hotA hai) vasturUpa bana jAyegA, kyoMki tucchasvarUpa AkAzakusumAdi meM svataH kucha bhI nahIM hotA / jaba bheda meM vastutva prasakta hogA to phira se vastupakSabhAvi kSaNikatva - akSaNikatvAdi athavA vyAvRttasvarUpa yA anuvRttasvarUpa Adi vicAra karane para sAmAnya pakSa meM jaise doSa lAgU hote haiM vaise yahA~ bhI hoMge / uparAMta kRtakatva to tAdAtmya hai / aba vastu Atmaka vyAvRttiyoM ke svataH bheda se, anityatva- kRtakatva kA bheda siddha kareMge to anityatva aura kRtakatva bhedAbhedAtmaka siddha hone se anekAntAtmakatA bhI siddha hogI, phalataH anAyAsa hamArA siddhAnta siddha ho jAyegA / 197 .vyavacchedya ke bheda se una vyAvRttiyoM kA bheda azakya hai, kyoMki nityavyAvRtti (yAnI anityatva) Adi kA vyavacchedya nitya Adi koI vastu hI bauddha mata se sat nahIM hai phira usake bheda se vyAvRttiyoM kA bheda kaise hogA ? agara kAlpanika vyavacchedya (nityAdi) mAna kara usake vyavaccheda se bheda dikhAyA jAya to vahA~ bhinna bhinna kalpanAoM meM bhI bheda kI kalpanA karanI hogI, isa taraha eka dUsare ke vyavaccheda ke AdhAra para ekadUsare kA vyavaccheda avalambita ho jAne se anyonyAzraya doSa ghusa jAyegA / yadi aisA kaheM ki - nityAdi ke vyavaccheda kI vyavasthA kalpanAbheda se nahIM kintu anityatvAdi vyavaccheda ke AdhAra para kareMge to vahA~ bhI nityAdi vyavacchedya 'anityAdivyavacchedya kI prApti hone se punaH anyonyAzraya doSa hogA / isa se to acchA hai ki buddhipratibhAsabheda hI bheda mAnA jAya, kyoM vyavacchedyabheda se bhedakalpanA kI siraphoDI kI jAya ? pratibhAsabheda se vyAvRttibheda hone para zabdatvabheda ("vikalpa isa ke bAda AyegA ) aba yadi kRtakatva aura anityatva donoM kA pratibhAsa bhinna hone ke AdhAra para una donoM meM bheda mAnA jAya to isa taraha anityatva aura kRtakatva meM jaise sAdhyasAdhana bhAva hogA to zabdatva bhI sAdhana bana sakatA hai, jaise 'zabdo nityaH zabdatvAt' kyoMki zabda aura zabdatva meM bhI pratibhAsabheda hone se bheda ho jAyegA / yahA~ bauddha kisI ko bhI hetu meM pratijJArtha - ekadezatA ke AdhAra para asiddhi kA ApAdana nahIM kara sakegA / yadi kaheM ki zabda aura zabdatva meM pratibhAsabheda hI nahIM hai to yaha ThIka nahIM

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam "nApyAropyabhedAd vyavacchedasya bhedaH, sattvAdAvasattvAyAropasyAbhAvAt bhAve vA sattvamapyanityatvavat sAdhyamanuSajyeta / tatsAdhane ca taddhetorasiddha - viruddhAnaikAntikadoSatrayAnativRttirbhavadabhiprAyeNa / tana kRtakatvA'nityatvayoH sAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH bhavadabhiprAyeNa bhedAbhAvAt / atha tayoH paramArthato'bhede'pi nizcayavazAd gamyagamakabhAvaH iti kRtakatvaM kRtakatvAdhyavasAyinA nizcayapratyayena bhedena nizcIyamAnamanityatvasya gamakam / nanu yayorvastugatayoH kRtakatvA'nityatvayostAdAtmyapratibandhaH na tayornizcaya iti na gamyagamakabhAvaH, buddhyArUDhayoravastutvena pratibandhAbhAvAt / atha bheda eva tayoH kalpanAnirmitaH na punarvastusvarUpamapi zabdasvalakSaNasyAkRtakanityavyAvRttaniraMzaikasvabhAvatvAttadgatakRtakatvAdibhinnadharmAdyadhyavasAyinazca kRtakatvAdivikalpAstathAbhUtasvalakSaNAnubhavadvArAyAtatvena tatpratibaddhAstena tatpratibhAsinordharmayoH sAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH avyabhicArazca pAramparyeNa vastupratibahai kyoMki 'zabda dharmI aura zabdatva dharma' aisI vyavasthA pratibhAsabheda ke vinA lupta ho jAyegI / yadi aisA kaheM ki ' zabda aura zabdatva meM pratibhAsabheda jarUra hai lekina vyavacchedya kA bheda na hone se donoM eka hI hai ataH zabdatva hetu meM pratijJArthaekadezatA jarUra prasakta hogI / ' are, taba to bhAvavAcaka zabdatvapada aura dravyavAcaka zabda pada ina donoM meM paryAyabheda hone para bhI aba to vaha lupta ho kara paryAyavAcI bana jAyeMge kyoMki 'zabda' pada bhI zabdatva kA vAcaka ho gayA / yadi paryAyabheda rakhanA hai taba zabda - zabdatva meM bheda mAnanA paDegA, kintu taba pratijJArtha - ekadezatA nahIM hogI / Aropabheda se vyavacchedya kA yAnI kRtakatva aura anityatva kA bheda mAneMge to vaha bhI sambhava nahIM hai / kAraNa, sattvAdi meM asattva kA Aropa hotA nahIM hai / yadi asattva kA bhI Aropa mAneMge to 'yat sat tat kSaNikaM' ityAdi anumAna meM saba se pahale sattva ko hI siddha karane ke liye dUsarA anumAna karanA hogA, jisa hetu se Apa sattva kI siddhi karanA cAheMge usa hetu meM Apa ke matAnusAra asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika ye tInoM doSa kA praveza hogA / vaha isa prakAra, jisa hetu se sattva kI siddhi karanA cAheMge vaha hetu bhI 'sattva asiddha hone taka siddha na hone se' asiddha rahegA, kyoMki sattva ke vinA anya dharma ho nahIM sakate / yadi vahA~ hetu kA bhI Aropa mAneMge to anaikAntika doSa hogA, kyoMki Aropita hetu sattva ke vipakSa asat meM bhI raha sakatA hai / tathA sattva sAdhya kA koI bhI sapakSa na hone ke kAraNa, uparokta rIti se hetu vipakSa ( mAtra ) vRtti hogA taba hetu viruddha bhI ho jAyegA / 198 sArAMza, Apa ke abhiprAya anusAra vyAvRttiyoM meM bheda siddha na hone se anityatva aura kRtakatva meM bhI vaha siddha nahIM hogA, phalataH kRtakatva hetu nahIM bana sakegA, aura anityatva sAdhya nahIM ho sakegA / anityatva - kRtakatva meM sAdhya - sAdhanabhAva durghaTa aba yadi aisA kahA jAya - kRtakatva aura anityatva donoM paramArtha se abhinna hI hai, tathApi svalakSaNa nirvikalpa ke bAda kRtakatvAdhyavasAyI nizcaya janma letA hai jo kRtakatva kA bhinnarUpa se avagAhana karatA hai / isa prakAra kRtakatva kI nizcayAtmaka pratIti dvArA bhinnarUpa se nizcaya kA viSaya banane vAle kRtakatva ko aba anityatva kA jJApaka hetu banA sakate haiM / to yaha kathana arthazUnya hai kyoMki vastugata jo anityatva aura kRtakatva hai una meM to pUrNa tAdAtmya sambandha hai kintu ve to nizcaya ke viSayabhUta nahIM hai isa liye unameM

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 199 ndhAdupapadyata eva / syAdetat yadi tathAbhUtaM svalakSaNaM pratyakSata eva siddhaM syAt, na ca tat tataH siddham svapne'pi niraMzakSaNikAnekaparamANurUpasya tasyAsaMvedanAt / yAdRgrUpaM tu tat pratyakSa pratibhAti kRtakatvAyanekadharmAdhyAsitaM tana niraMzam, yatastadanubhavadvArAyAtakRtakatvAdivikalpapratibhAsinAM dharmANAmavyabhicArAt sAdhyasAdhanabhAva upapadyeta / na cAnumAnavikalpata eva tasya tathAsiddhiH pratibandhA'siddhAvanumAnasyaivA'pravRtteH / savikalpakapratyakSasya sAdhyasAdhanadharmapratibandhagrAhakasya dharmisvarUpagrAhakasya ca prAmANyAbhyupagame zabdAdidharmiNaH kRtakatvAyanekadharmAtmakasya siddhatvAd vivAdAbhAva eva / bhavatu vA parapakSe sAdhyasAdhanabhedaH tathApi na sAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH tayoravinAbhAvasAdhakapramANAbhAvAt / to sAdhya-sAdhanabhAva bana nahIM sakatA; aura jo bhinnarUpa se adhyavasita nizcayagata kRtakatva aura anityatva hai ve to vikalpabuddhipratibimbita hone se sarvathA bhinna haiM, una meM tAdAtmyaleza bhI nahIM hai to una meM kaise sAdhya sAdhanabhAva bana sakegA ? jo buddhikalpita viSaya hotA hai vaha avasturUpa hone se una meM koI sambandha nahIM hotaa| ___ aba yadi aisA kaheM ki - "nizcaya se adhyavasita jo svalakSaNa vastu hai [jo ki sAmAnyarUpa se nAma-jAtyAdi yojita hai] vaha to vAstavika hai, nizcaya se jo usameM bheda pratIta hotA hai vahI kalpanAnirmita hai, kyoMki zabdAtmaka svalakSaNa kA akRtakavyAvRtta honA, nityavyAvRtta honA, niraMza honA, eka akhaMDa honA yaha to saba vAstavika svabhAva rUpa hai| evaM vikalpabuddhi bhI paramparayA ukta svarUpa svalakSaNa se pratibaddha hI hotI hai| ata: svalakSaNagata kRtakatvAdi dharmoM kA bhinnarUpa se adhyavasAya karanevAle jo kRtakatvAdigrAhi vikalpa haiM ve uktasvarUpa svalakSaNa ke anubhava dvArA utpanna hone ke kAraNa usa se pratibaddha hI haiM / ata: unameM bhinna rUpa se bhAsita hone vAle dharmoM meM sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva mAnane meM koI bAdha yA vyabhicAra nahIM hai, kyoMki paramparayA vahA~ vastu ke sAtha vAstava sambandha hai|" kintu yaha to taba ho sakatA hai agara aura kisI pratyakSa pramANa se svalakSaNa ke uktasvarUpa kI siddhi ho cukI ho / siddhi to huI nahIM, svapna meM bhI zabdasvalakSaNa ke niraMza, kSaNika, anekaparamANupuJja svarUpa kA saMvedana nahIM hotA to jAgRti meM to bAta hI kahA~ ? pratyakSa meM kRtakatvAdianekadharmAdhyAsita jisa svalakSaNa kA bhAna hotA hai vaha niraMzarUpa se nahIM kintu sthAyi evaM aneka aMzoM ke samudAyarUpa se hI anubhUta hotA hai| isa prakAra ke anubhava ke bala para jo kRtakatva, sthAyitva, sthUla samudAya Adi dharmoM ko adhyavasita karane vAle vikalpa utpanna hoMge una meM vyabhicAra na hone se, paramparayA anubhava ke viSayabhUta svalakSaNa se sambaddha hone se unameM sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva ho sakatA hai, anityatva aura niraMzatva ke sAtha vaha kaise hogA ? yadi kahA jAya ki 'anumAnAtmaka vikalpa se hI niraMzatA, anityatA kI siddhi hogI' to yaha dUra hai kyoMki anityatva ke sAtha jaba vyApaka-vyApya bhAva svarUpa pratibandha hI siddha nahIM hai to anityatA ke sAdhaka anumAna kI pravRtti hI kaise hogI ? yadi Apa savikalpa pratyakSa se hamArI taraha hI sAdhyasAdhana kI vyApti kA grahaNa evaM dharmisvarUpa kA bhI grahaNa bhI mAnate ho aura savikalpa pratyakSa ko pramANabhUta mAnate ho taba to vivAda hI nahIM rahatA kyoMki zabdAdi dharmI kRtakatva, kSaNabhaMguratvAdi dharmoM se avaguMThita svarUpavAlA siddha hI

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200 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atha 'nirhetukatvAd vinAzasya vinAzasvabhAvaniyato bhAvaH tadbhAve bhAvasyAnyAnapekSaNAt antyakAraNasAmagrIvizeSavat svakAryotpAdane' ityAdisAdhanasadbhAvAt kataM nA'vinAbhAvaH prakRtasAdhya-sAdhanayoH ? asadetat tayoravinAbhAvasAdhanam, anaikAntikatvAt / tathAhi - anapekSANAmapi zAlyaMkurotpAdane yavabIjAdInAM tadutpAdanasAmagrIsannidhAnAvasthAyAM tadbhAvaniyamAbhAvAt // atha yavabIjAdInAM tatsvabhAvAbhAvAt tatsvabhAvApekSayAnapekSatvamasiddham tarhi vinAzasvabhAvApekSatvAt kRtakAnAmapi keSAzcit tasvabhAvAbhAvAdanapekSatvamasiddhaM syAt / atha hetusvabhAvabhedAbhAvAt sarvasAmagrIprabhavANAM vinAzasiddhestadanapekSatvAnnAnapekSatvamasiddham / nanu vicitrazaktayo hi sAmagyo dRzyante, tatra kAcit syAdapi sAmagrI yA 'nazvarAtmAnaM janayet zRMgAdikeva zarAdikam / yathA kathaMcit Apa ke pakSa meM kRtakatva-anityatva meM (sAdhya-sAdhana) bheda kI upapatti kara lI jAya to bhI vAstava meM una meM sAdhya-sAdhanatA kI upapatti to zakya hI nahIM hai kyoMki kRtakatva meM anityatva ke avinAbhAva kA sAdhaka koI pramANa bauddha pakSa meM maujUda nhiiN| vinAzasvabhAvaniyatatva kI siddhi azakya yadi yaha kahA jAya - "anityatva-kRtakatva meM avinAbhAva kyoM nahIM hai ? dekhiye - (udA0) carama kAraNasAmagrI apane kArya ko tvarita (anantara kSaNa meM) utpanna karane meM aisI viziSTa hotI hai ki dUsare kI vahA~ apekSA nahIM karanI par3atI, jisa se ki apekSaNIya kI vilambopasthiti se kAryotpatti meM vilamba ho / ThIka aise hI pratyeka padArthoM kA aisA viziSTa vinAzasvabhAva hotA hai ki vinAza meM anya koI hetu hI nahIM hotA, jisa se anya kI apekSA nahIM karanI paDatI / ata eva apekSaNIya kI vilambopasthiti meM vinAza meM vilamba kI sambhAvanA bhI radda ho jAtI hai / arthAt padArthamAtra nirapekSavinAzasvabhAvavAlA hI utpanna hotA hai ata: dUsarI kSaNa meM vinASTa ho jAtA hai| isa taraha bhAva mAtra ke sAtha anityatA kA avinAbhAva anAyAsa siddha hai|" - yaha galata bAta hai kyoMki yahA~ yaha prazna hai ki yadi yavabIja carama sAmagrI kI saMnidhAna avasthA meM kAryotpAdana meM nirapekSa hotA hai to zAli-aMkUra ko kyoM utpanna nahIM karatA ? isa se yaha phalita hotA hai caramasAmagrI meM bhI kAryAvinAbhAva kA niyama nahIM hai| yadi kaheM ki- yavabIjoM meM zAli aMkUra ke utpAdana ke liye tadutpAdaka svabhAva bhI honA cAhiye kintu yaha nahIM hai, isaliye zAliaMkura utpAdaka svabhAva kI apekSA karane vAlA hone se vahA~ vaha nirapekSa hI nahIM hai| - 'aho ! taba to bhAva mAtra ko vinAza ke liye vinAzasvabhAva kI bhI atyanta apekSA hotI hai, isa sthiti meM kucha aise bhI kRtaka ho sakate haiM jina meM dvitIyakSaNa meM vinAza hone kA svabhAva nahIM hotA to usakA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotA cAhe usako miTA dene ke liye kitanI bhI koziza kI jAya / isa prakAra hetubhUta vinAzasvabhAva meM koI bheda kisI bhI padArtha meM na hone se, anya hetu kI apekSA ke abhAva meM nirapekSatA siddha hotI hai' - to yaha bhI galata hai| kyoMki vinAza svabhAva meM bheda nahIM hai yaha bAta kaise mAnI jAya ? sAmagrIjanyatva vinAzasvabhAvaprayojaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki yaha dikhAI detA hai ki bhinna bhinna prakAra ke kAryoM kI sAmagrI vicitra yAnI bhinna bhinna zaktidhArI hotI hai| to koI aisI bhI vicitra sAmagrI kyoM nahIM ho sakatI jo ki anazvarasvabhAvavAle padArtha ko utpanna kare ? jaise zara (=bANa) kI sAmagrI gozaMga Adi aisI dRDha zaktizAlI hotI hai ki usa se utpanna bANa varSoM taka vinaSTa nahIM hotA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 201 atha vinAzitvenopalabdhAnAM pratikSaNaM vinAzabhAve vinAzapratItireva na syAt, dvitIye'pi kSaNe bhAvasya sthitau sarvadA sthitiprasaMgAt / dvikSaNAvasthAyitve hi dvitIye'pi kSaNe kSaNadvayasthitisvabhAvatvAt - atatsvabhAvatve svabhAvabhedena kSaNikatvaprasaGgAt - tRtIye'pi kSaNe'vasthAnaM syAt tadA'pi tatsvabhAvatvAt caturthe'pi / evamuttareSvapi kSaNeSvavasthAnAdAsaMsAraM bhAvasya sthiteravinAzAd vinAzapratItirna syAt / bhavati ca vinAzapratItiH ataH tatpratItyanyathA'nupapattyA pratikSaNavinAzAnumAnaM dRzyAtmakasya kAryasya, adRzyAtmano'pyAdye kSaNe ya: svabhAva: 'prAgabhUtvA bhavanalakSaNaH ' sa eva cet dvitIye'pi kSaNe prAgabhUtvA bhAvasya bhAvAt kSaNikatvam / atha prathame kSaNe janmaiva na sthitiH, dvitIye kSaNe sthitireva pratikSaNavinAzasAdhaka bauddha yukti bauddhavAdI : ' janyamAtra vinAzI hai' yaha to Apa saba mAnate haiM, vinAzI bhAvoM kA pratikSaNa vinAza yadi nahIM mAneMge to kabhI vinAza kI pratIti hI nahIM hogI / matalaba aisA hai ki dvitIyakSaNa meM jo bhAva sthira rahegA vaha sarvadA sthira hI rahegA / kAraNa yaha hai ki bhAva kA svabhAva sirpha dvikSaNasthAyitva bhI mAnA jAya to prazna yaha hogA ki dvitIyakSaNa meM vaha svabhAva rahegA yA nahIM ? yadi nahIM rahegA, taba to svabhAvabheda prasakta hone para anAyAsa kSaNikatva siddha ho jAyegA; ataH dvitIyakSaNa meM bhI vahI dvikSaNasthAyitvasvabhAva mAnanA hogA, usa ke phalasvarUpa tRtIyakSaNa [jo ki dvitIyakSaNa ko prathama mAnane para dvitIya hI hai] usa meM bhI bhAva vinaSTa nahIM hogA kyoMki usa kI pUrvakSaNa meM bhAva kA dvikSaNasthAyitva svabhAva thA / tRtIya kSaNa meM bhI vahI svabhAva rahegA to caturthakSaNa meM bhI vaha dvikSaNasthAyitva svabhAvayukta hone se naSTa nahIM hogA..... evaM bhAvI ananta kSaNo meM yAvat saMsAra paryanta usa kI sthiti hI banI rahegI, vinAza kabhI hogA hI nahIM, to vinAza kI pratIti hogI hI nahIM / kiMtu vinAza to pratIta hotA hai / yaha vinAza kI pratIti kI saMgati ekAdhikakSaNasthAyitva mAnane para nahIM hotI hai, kSaNikatva mAnane para hI ho sakatI hai isa liye samagra dRzya kAryoM meM pratikSaNa vinAza kA anumAna ho jAyegA / adRzya kAryoM meM yadyapi vinAza bhI adRzya rahatA hai isa liye uparokta anumAna se to vahA~ kSaNikatva siddha nahIM hogA kintu una ke liye dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki adRzya padArtha jisa kSaNa meM utpanna hogA usa prathamakSaNa meM 'pUrvakSaNa meM na rahate hue ( isa kSaNa meM honA) aisA utpatti svabhAva to mAnanA hI paDegA, anyathA pUrvakSaNa meM bhI usa kI sattA prasakta hogI / yadi yaha svabhAva dUsare kSaNa meM nahIM rahegA to anAyAsa kSaNikatva siddha ho jAyegA / yadi yaha svabhAva rahegA to usa ke svabhAva meM 'pUrvakSaNa meM na rahanA' yaha bhI zAmila hone se siddha hogA ki dvitIya kSaNa kA bhAva pUrvakSaNa meM nahIM thA, arthAt prathamakSaNa ke bhAva se dvitIyakSaNa kA bhAva bhinna ho gayA to kSaNikatva siddha hI hai / yadi kaheM ki 'prathama kSaNa meM to bhAva kA sirpha janma hotA hai sthiti nahIM hotI kyoMki janma ke vinA sthiti kaise AyegI ? aba yadi dUsare kSaNa meM bhAva naSTa ho jAyegA to usa kI sthiti kaba mAneMge ? ataH dUsare kSaNa meM janma nahIM kintu sthiti hogI / kSaNikatva to na huA |'tthiik hai lekina janma aura janmavAna tathA sthiti aura sthitimAn meM to bheda nahIM hai na / taba janmasvabhAva aura sthitisvabhAva donoM vyatirikta hone se pratikSaNa anavasthAyitA yAnI vinAza siddha ho gayA / uparAMta bhAvoM ko yadi Apa bhinna bhinna kAla sambandhi mAneMge to pratyekakSaNa vyatirikta hone se tattat kSaNa ke bhAvoM meM bhI Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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202 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na janma tathApi janma-janminoH sthiti-sthitimatozvA'bhedAt tayozca vyatirekAt pratikSaNamanavasthAyitvam / aparAparakAlasambandhitvasya parasparavyatirekiNo bhAvasvabhAvatvAcca pratikSaNamanavasthAyitvamiti siddhA vinAzaM pratyanapekSA bhAvasya / asadetat - svahetorevAnekakSaNasthAyI bhAvo bhUtakSaNeSvabhavan tiSThan vartamAnakSaNeSu, bhaviSyatkSaNeSu sthAsyaMzcAntyapazcime prathamakSaNa eva jAta iti kAlenA'nAgatAdinA'satA'pi vizeSyatvaM bhAvasyA'viruddhaM kAraNasAmarthyavat dvitIyakSaNena - anyathA kAryakAraNayorekadaivotpatterekakSaNasthAyi jagat syAt-iti / prAgutpatterabhUtvA bhAve'pi bhAvasya dvitIyAdikSaNe na kSaNikatvam, vastutastu bhAvakSaNAt pUrvakSaNeSu bhUtvA bhAvI svabhAvo bhAvasya sarvatra nAntyakSaNenApi viziSTo'nantarAtItakSaNa eva prathamakSaNe(NaH) tAdRzasvabhAvasya bhAve dvitIyAdikSaNe'pi na kSaNikatvam, akSaNikatvA'virodhAt bhAvakSaNAt pUrvakSaNeSvabhUtvA bhAvasya svabhAvabheda prasakta hone se punaH pratikSaNa anavasthAyitva A jAyegA / sArAMza, hara eka sthiti meM, bhAvamAtra kA Akhira nirhetuka vinAza dUsare kSaNa meM prasakta hotA hai isa se vinAza kI nirapekSatA siddha ho jAtI hai jo bANa Adi meM bhI prasakta hogI hI / bauddha kI kSaNikatvasAdhaka yuktioM kA pratyuttara syAdvAdI : bauddhoM kA yaha vistRta kathana galata hai / padArtha apane hetuoM se hI anekakSaNasthAyI utpanna hotA hai, usa kA svabhAva aisA hI hotA hai - bhatakAlIna kSaNoM meM raha cakA hai. vartamAnakSaNa meM rahatA hai aura bhAvi kSaNoM meM rahane vAlA hai / jaba vaha utpanna hotA hai taba pUrvasantAna ke antyakSaNa kI pazcima-uttaravartI prathama kSaNa meM vaisA svabhAva lekara hI vaha utpanna hotA hai / anAgata kAla aura bhUtakAla yadyapi asat hai phira bhI pratyeka kSaNa meM jaba vastu ko trikAlasthAyI mAnate haiM taba asat kAla se vaha viziSTa banA rahatA hai, usa meM koI virodha nahIM hai / anyatra bhI aisA dekhA jAtA hai, kAraNa meM bhAvi kAryotpAdaka sAmarthya hotA hai taba dvitIyAdikSaNa bhAvi kArya to asat hotA hai phira bhI kAraNagata sAmarthya bhAvikArya se viziSTa rahatA hai / yadi kAraNasAmarthya meM bhAvikAryavaiziSTya nahIM mAneMge to bhAvi kArya, vinA kAraNavyApAra hI utpanna ho jAyeMge, usa sthiti meM kahIM bhI kAraNa-kArya bhAva bhI dekhane ko nahIM milegA, phalata: kAraNa-kArya rUpa se mAne gaye saba padArtha eka sAtha utpanna evaM naSTa bhI ho jAyeMge aura pUrA jagat eka kSaNa sthAyi ho jaayegaa| adRzya kAryoM meM jo 'prAgabhUtvA bhavana' svabhAva se kSaNikatA ko khiMca lAye haiM vaha bhI ThIka nahIM kyoM ki prAg kA matalaba hai 'utpatti ke pUrva' / utpanna ke prathama kSaNa meM jaise 'utpatti ke pUrva na raha kara aba rahane' kA svabhAva hai vaise hI dvitIyAdikSaNoM meM bhI 'utpatti ke pUrva na rahane' kA svabhAva yathAvat hI hai ata: svabhAvabheda se kSaNikatA kI bAta ko avakAza kahA~ hai ? ! ___vAstava meM to hama 'prAgabhUtvA bhavana' svabhAva ko nahIM mAnate haiM kintu syAdvAda kI dRSTi se, 'vartamAna kSaNoM ke bhUtapUrva kSaNoM meM raha kara bhAvi kSaNoM meM bhI rahegA' aisA svabhAva mAnate haiM / sarvatra padArtha anAdi kSaNoM se viziSTa hotA hai isa liye jaba bhI vivakSA ho taba usa kA avyavahita kSaNa hI AdyakSaNa * atra pUrvamudrite "dvitIye'pi kSaNe na ityevaM pATho'zuddhaH, limbaDIsatkahastAdarze tu 'dvitIyakSaNena' iti pAThAntaram taca saMgatam / .'nAntya' sthAne 'nAtha' iti liM-pratau /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 203 dvitIyAdikSaNe'pi prathamakSaNasvabhAvasya bhAve tasvabhAvatve'pyekAntataH kSaNikatvA'sambhavAt / athAbhUtvA bhAvazca prAgasataH sattvam tasya dvitIye'pi kSaNe bhAvAna pUrvAparakSaNayoH sthityutpattimattvena svabhAvabhedAt bhAvasya kSaNikatvam / nApyaparAparakAlasambandho'pyaparAparasvabhAvo bhavati paramANuSaTkasambandhe'pyekaparamANuvat / 'paramANUnAmayaHzalAkAkalpatvAt parasparamasambandhaH' iti cet ? asadetat - sambandhe pratIyamAne asambandhakalpanA'yogAt / - "kRtsnaikadezasambandhavikalpAyogAdasambandhaH / tathAhi - sarvAtmanA paramANUnAmabhisambandhe'NumAtraM piNDaH syAt / ekadezenAbhisambandhe ta ekadezAH paramANvAtmanaH AtmabhUtA, parabhUtA vA ? AtmabhUtAzcet naikadezenAbhisambandhaH teSAmabhAvAt / parabhUtAzcet paramANubhirekadezAnAM sarvAtmanAbhisambandhe'bhedAdekadezaikadezinorekadezAbhAvAt naikadezenAbhisambandhaH paramANUnAm / 'ekadezenaikadezAnAmekadezinAbhisambandhaH' cet tadekadezAnAM tato bhedAbhedakalpanAyAM tadavasthaH paryanuyogo'navasthA ca / na ca prakArAntaraM dRSTaM yenANUnAM sambandhaH syAt, ato'nupalabhyamAnasyApi paramANvasambandhasya kalpanA"mAnA gayA hai / isa prakAra ke svabhAvavAlA bhAva dvitIyAdikSaNoM meM bhI hone se svabhAvabhedamUlaka kSaNikatva ko avakAza nahIM hai kyoMki akSaNikatva mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / yadi aisA svabhAva mAnA jAya ki 'vartamAna kSaNa ke pUrvakSaNoM meM na raha kara (aba) rahanA' - to bhI ekAnta kSaNikatva to ho nahIM sakatA kyoMki pUrvakSaNoM meM na raha kara uttarottara kSaNa meM anuvRtta rahane kA prathamakSaNakAlIna svabhAva dvitIyAdi kSaNoM meM bhI akSuNNa hai| yadi 'abhUtvA bhavana' kA yaha tAtparya hai 'pahale asat ho kara (aba) sat honA' to yahA~ bhI sthiti-utpattibhedamUlaka kSaNikatva ko avakAza nahIM hai kyoMki vaisA svabhAva dvitIyAdi kSaNoM meM anugata hai / [yahA~ saMskRta vyAkhyA meM kaI jagaha aneka azuddha pAThAntara haiM ata: zuddha pATha anveSaNIya hai / ] anya anya kAla kA sambandha yaha koI anya anya svabhAvAtmaka nahIM hai, vastu ekasvabhAva hone para bhI usa meM alaga alaga kSaNoM kA sambandha usI taraha ho sakatA hai, jaise eka paramANu meM vibhinna chaha dizAoM meM rahe hue paramANuoM kA saMyoga hotA hai, vahA~ paramANu kA SaTkhaNDa bheda nahIM mAnA jAtA to kSaNabheda se bheda kyoM mAnA jAya ? paramANuvoM ke asambandha kI kalpanA kA nirasana bauddhavAdI : jaise loha kI aneka zalAkA dUra se sambaddha dIkhatI hai lekina paraspara asambaddha hotI haiM aise hI paramANu paraspara sambaddha hone kI anumiti bhale hotI ho, kintu ve asambaddha hI hote haiM / syAdvAdI : yaha galata bAta hai hetuprabhava anumiti se (athavA sarvajJa ko sAkSAt athavA bahu paramANupuJja kA dUsare paramANupuJja se sAkSAt) jaba sambandha kI pratIti ho rahI ho taba asambandha kI kalpanA ko avakAza nahIM rhtaa| __ bauddhavAdI : asambandha kI kalpanA ko avakAza isa prakAra hai, eka paramANu dUsare paramANu ke sAtha sarvAtmanA (=sarvAMza se) sambaddha hotA hai yA eka aMza se - ina donoM meM se eka bhI vikalpa ghaTatA nahIM hai, isa liye asambandha kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai / dekhiye - paramANu ke sAtha paramANu kA yadi sarvAtmanA sambandha mAneMge to sabhI paramANupiNDa eka hI paramANu meM samAviSTa ho jAne se piNDamAtra aNuparimANa ho jAyegA / yadi eka aMza se sambandha hone kA mAneMge to ye do vikalpa prazna khaDe hoMge - ve eka-eka aMza paramANu ke AtmabhUta

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204 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam asamyagetat, asambandhavat sambandhaprakArAntarasyaivA'dRSTasyApi kalpanAprasaktaH / 'sarvAtmanaikadezena vA'. nAmasambandhAt, sambandhasya pratIteH prakArAntareNa eSAM sambandhaH' iti kalpanA yuktiyuktaiva, pratItivirodhazcaivaM na syAt / atha vikalpikA pratItirAropitagocarA'satyapi sambandhe sambandhamAdarzayati, na tadvazAt sambandhavyavasthA yena pratItivirodhaH syAdasambandhavAdinaH / kathaM tarhi sambandhapratItevaizayam vikalpasya vaizayAniSTeH ? 'yugapadvRttervikalpA'vikalpayorekatvAdhyavasAyAd vaizayabhrame' - sahabhAvinorgodarzanAzvavikalpayorapyekatvAdhyavasAyAd vaizayavibhramaH syAt / athA'sambaddhairapi paramANubhiH sambandhagrAhIndriyajJAnaM tajjanyate tato'yamadoSaH / nanvevamasambaddhAnapi paramANun sambaddhAnivAdhyakSabuddhiradhigacchantI kathaM bhrAntA pratyakSatvamaznuvIta ? pratyakSatve vA kathamato na paramANusambandhasiddhiH yato'sambandhavAdinaH pratItivirodho na syAt ? haiM yA anAtmabhUta ? yadi AtmabhUta haiM taba to paramANurUpa hI haiN| ata: eka aMza rUpa na hone se, AMzika sambandha ko avakAza hI nahIM hai| yadi ve eka eka aMza anAtmabhUta haiM taba punarAvartana se vahI bAta AyegI ki una eka-eka aMzoM kA paramANuoM ke sAtha pahale to sambandha ghaTAnA hogA, vaha sarvAtmanA mAneMge to abheda prasakta hone se ekadezarUpa sambandhI hI lupta ho jAyegA to usa ke sAtha sambandha bhI lupta ho hI jaayegaa| aura eka eka aMzoM ke to koI upAMza hai nahIM jisa se ki una kA bhI eka aMza se sambandha bana sake / yadi kaheM ki paramANa ke sAtha (anAtmabhata) una eka eka aMzoM kA bhI apane upAMzo se / mAneMge - to ve hI do vikalpa AyeMge ki ve upAMza una aMzoM se abhinna hai yA bhinna bhinna hai to sa parvAtmanA sambandha hogA yA una ke bhI eka eka aMza se ?....... ityAdi prazna jyoM kA tyoM rahegA - una kA kahIM bhI anta nahIM AyegA / sarvAtmanA aura eka deza ko choDa kara aura to koI prakAra hai nahIM jisa se ki paramANuoM kA sambandha banAyA jA sake / phalata: pratIta hone vAle sambandha kA tyAga kara ke pratIta na hone vAle bhI asambandha kI kalpanA karanI paDegI / syAdvAdI : yaha saccA tarIkA nahIM hai, sarvAtmanA aura eka deza se sambandha ke na ghaTane para, jaise Apa asambandha kI kalpanA ko sthAna dete haiM, vaise hI una donoM se bhinna prakAra ke bhI sambandha hone kI kalpanA sthAnocita hai / aura ina donoM meM prakArAntara se sambandha kI kalpanA hI yuktiyukta haiM kyoMki kalpita asambandha pratIta nahIM hai jaba ki sarvAtmanA, eka deza ina do prakAra se aNuoM kA sambandha na ghaTane para bhI sambandha kI pratIti hotI hai ata: tIsarA bhI koI prakAra honA cAhiye jisa se aNuoM ke sambandha kI pratIti saMgata kI jA sake / isa taraha koI pratItivirodha nahIM hogaa| sambandhapratIti Aropitagocara, zaMkA kA nirasana bauddhavAdI : sambandha kI pratIti hotI hai yaha ThIka bAta hai lekina vaha vikalpAtmaka hone se Aropitagocara hotI hai jo sambandha ke na hone para bhI Aropita asat sambandha kA darzana karAtI hai / Aropita pratIti ke bala se kahIM bhI padArthavyavasthA nahIM hotI ata eva sambandha kI vyavasthA usa se nahIM hotI / taba asambandhavAdI ke mata meM mithyApratIti kA virodha batAnA kaise ucita kahA jAya ! syAvAdI : sambandha pratIti yadi vikalpAtmaka hai to vaha itanI vizada (spaSTatA se avaguNThita) kaise sambandha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 205 paramANUnAmasambaddhAnAM jaladhAraNAdyarthakriyAkAritvAnupapatteH arthakriyAvirodhazcA'sambandhavAdinaH / vaMzAdInAM caikadezAkarSaNe tadaparadezAkarSaNaM ca na syAt, vartamAnavijJaptikSaNavat pUrvAparakSaNayoge'pi vA na svabhAvabhedaH / abhAvA'vyavadhAnalakSaNaM hi nairantaryam tallakSaNazca sambandhaH pareNAbhyupagantavya eva tasyAbhAve kAryotpattirahetukA syAt anavaratasattvopalambhenA'bhedabhrAntizca syAt, kevalAdeva sAdRzyAd bhrAnterutpattAvatiprasaMgaH sarvatra sAdRzyAd tadutpattiprasakteH / sattvopalambhavAbhAvA'vyavadhAnalakSaNameva nairantaryam tasyA'stitve tallakSaNo'styeva sambandhaH / na cAnekAkArayoge'pi pItAyanekAkAracitrajJAnavadekAntato bhedaH padArthasya, pratIyamAne'bhede ekAntabhedAnupapatteH / ataH kSaNikasvabhAvApekSA'kSaNikabhAvasambhavAt sambhavinI bhAvAnAm / hotI hai ? Apa ke mata meM to pratyakSa vizada hotA hai na ki vikalpa / bauddhavAdI : jisa samaya sambandha kA vikalpajJAna hotA hai usI samaya jo nirvikalpa jJAna utpanna hotA hai una donoM meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya ho jAtA hai, isa ekatvAdhyavasAya ke kAraNa nirvikalpa pratyakSagata vaizadya kA vikalpa meM bhrama hotA hai, isa taraha vikalpa bhI vizadarUpase anubhUta hotA hai / syAdvAdI : agara aisA hai taba to jisa samaya azva kA vikalpa jJAna utpanna hotA hai usI samaya gAya kA darzana pratyakSa ho rahA hai / aba yadi eka sAtha utpatti ko Apa ekatvAdhyavasAya kA nimitta batAte haiM taba yahA~ bhI ekatvAdhyavasAya hogA aura usa ke kAraNa azvavikalpa meM bhI vaizadya kA bhrama honA cAhiye - kyoM nahIM hotA hai ? bauddhavAdI : paramANu to pahale kahA hai ki asambaddha hI hote haiM phira bhI indriya se sambaddhagrAhaka (pratyakSa) jJAna kaise bhI ho jAtA hai - isa prakAra asambandha aura pratIti, donoM mAnane meM koI doSa nahIM / syAdvAdI : are ! aise to asambaddha paramANuoM sambaddha jaise grahaNa karanevAlI pratyakSabuddhi bhrAnta hI kahI jAyegI / Apake mata meM to indriyajanya ho vaha pratyakSa hotA hai aura pratyakSa sarvadA abhrAnta hotA hai / aba yahA~ jo bhrAnta buddhi huI hai vaha kaise pratyakSa kahI jAyegI ? yadi vaha pratyakSa hai to bhrAnta nahIM kahI jAyegI, phalataH usI sambandhagrAhaka pratyakSa pramANa se sambandha kI bhI siddhi ho jaayegii| taba asambandhavAdI ke mata meM pratItivirodha kaise miTegA ? *asambandhavAda meM arthakriyAvirodha* ___ asambandhavAdI ko ora bhI eka doSa hai - paramANuoM ke bIca jaba koI sambandha nahIM hai taba ghaTa jaisA koI avayavI bhI na hone se kevala paramANu se jaladhAraNa Adi arthakriyA bhI nahIM hogI, phalata: arthakriyA kA virodha prasakta hogA / uparAMta, paramANuoM ke bIca sambandha na hone para lambe lambe vaMza-rajju Adi ko eka bhAga se khiMcane para una ke jo dUsare bhAgoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai vaha nahIM ho sakegA / athavA to kSaNikavAdI jo ki pUrvApara kSaNoM meM bhinna bhinna kAla sambandha se bhinna bhinna svabhAva kA ApAdana kara ke vastubheda siddha karanA cAhatA hai usa ko paramANu ke sambandha kI bAta choDa kara yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki - jaise vartamAna jJAnakSaNa meM pUrva-uttarakSaNa kA sambandha to avazya hotA hai phira bhI vahA~ na to svabhAvabheda prasakta hai aura na usa eka kSaNa ke TukaDe / aise akSaNika vastu meM aneka kAla sambandha hone para bhI svabhAvabheda ko na hone * pUrvamudrite tu 'parArthasya' iti pATha: sa cA'saMgataH / 'padArthasya' iti limbaDI0 Adarza /

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206 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam athA'nazvarAtmanaH kramayogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAt tato'rthakriyAnivRttau taniyatA sattA'pi nivartate, na cAsataH kAryatvamiti kAryAtmanaH sarvasya kSaNikatvAdanapekSatvasiddhiriti sAdhya-sAdhanayoravinAbhAvasiddhiH / nanu kimanayA paramparayA ? avinAbhAvasya vyApakAnupalabdhereva siddhirastu ! yataH pra. kArAntarAbhAvAd vyApakAnulabdheH sattvalakSaNaM kRtakatvamakSaNikAd vyAvarttamAnaM kSaNikeSvevAvativaSThate vastudharmasya sato gatyantarAbhAvAt / 'bhavatvevameva' iti cet ? na, prakArAntarasadbhAve kathamavinAbhAvasya vyApakAnupalabdharapi prasiddhirnityAnityAtmake'pi bhAve sati kRtakatvasya kSaNikatvenaiva vyAptyayogAt / se tanmUlaka vastu ke TukaDe yAnI vastubheda bhI siddha nahIM hogaa| ___agara yahA~ kaheM ki - vartamAna kSaNa meM bhI pUrva-uttarakSaNoM kA sambandha nahIM hotA - to yaha usakA nahIM calegA kyoMki do vastu ke bIca abhAva kA vyavadhAna na honA yahI nairantarya hai aura aisA nairantaryarUpa sambandha yadi pUrvottara kSaNoM ke bIca nahIM mAneMge to - jaise azva ke uttarakSaNa ko gopUrvakSaNa ke sAtha koI sambandha na hone se azvakSaNa, gokSaNa kA kArya nahIM mAnA jAtA, vaise hI eka azvasantAnapatita uttarakSaNa ko bhI pUrvakSaNa ke sAtha koI sambandha na hone se uttarakSaNa kA bhI kArya nahIM mAnA jA sakegA, phalata: vinA hetu kAryotpatti kI vipadA A paDegI / dUsarI bAta, bauddhamatAnusAra jo eka santAnagata kSaNoM meM nirantara sattva kA upalambha jArI rahane se abheda (=ekatva) kI bhrAnti hone kA kahA jAtA hai vaha bhI do kSaNoM ke bIca nairantaryarUpa sambandha ke na hone para nahIM ghaTa sakegA / yadi vahA~ nairantaryarUpa sambandha ke jariye bhrAnti hone kA na mAna kara sirpha sAdRzya ke jariye abhedabhrAnti mAnI jAyegI to atiprasaMga hogA kyoMki sAdRzya to go-azvAdi piNDoM meM bhI kucha na kucha to hotA hI hai, ata: vahA~ bhI abhedabhrAnti kA aniSTa ho jAyegA / isa liye sAdRzya ko Apa abhedabhrAnti kA bIja nahIM mAna sakate / phira bhI nirantara sattva kA upalambha jo hotA hai usa ke bIjarUpa meM 'abhAva kA vyavadhAna na honA' isa prakAra ke 'nairantarya' ko mAnanA paDegA aura vahI do kSaNoM ke bIca sambandha hai / tathya yaha hai ki pItAdi vividha AkArazAli eka citrajJAna meM aneka AkAroM kA yoga hone para bhI jJAna eka hotA hai aise hI anya padArthoM meM kSaNabheda hone para bhI ekAnta bheda nahIM hotA hai kyoMki una meM abheda bhI jaba bhAsatA hai taba ekAnta bheda kaise ho sakatA hai ? ! sArAMza kucha bhAva akSaNika bhI hote haiM, isa liye bhAva ko kSaNabhaMgura hone ke liye kSaNabhaMgura svabhAva kI apekSA kA sambhava rahatA hai / isa liye pahale jo kahA thA ki (pR. paM0) apane kArya kI utpatti meM yavabIjAdi meM jaise anapekSatva asiddha hai vaise hI kRtaka ko vinAzasvabhAva kI apekSA hone ke kAraNa jina padArthoM meM vaisA svabhAva nahIM hogA una meM vinAza ke liye anya hetu anapekSatva asiddha hai - yaha bAta dRDha hotI hai / sthAyibhAva meM arthakriyAvirodhazaMkA kA nirasana bauddhavAdI : anityatva aura kRtakatva ke bIca avinAbhAva kI siddhi isa prakAra hai - avinAzI padArtha na to krama se arthakriyA kara sakatA hai, na eka sAtha / kramase karegA to pratikSaNa tattadarthakriyAkAritva svabhAva badalate rahane se vahI kSaNikatva praveza pAyegA / eka sAtha sabhI arthakriyA kara degA to dUsare kSaNa meM arthakriyAkAritva na rahane se vaha asat ho jAyegA / jaba avinAzIbhAva meM eka bhI rIti se arthakriyAkAritva nahIM ghaTatA taba usa kI vyApya sattA bhI vahA~ nahIM ho sakatI / jo asat hai vaha kabhI utpanna na hone se kArya nahIM bana

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH-kA0-2 207 bhAgA'siddhaM cAnapekSatvam kSaNikasvabhAvApekSayA kRtakAnAmapi keSAJcidubhayAtmakatvena kSaNikasvabhAvAbhAvAt / 'vipakSAd vyApakAnupalabdhAvRttasya hetorabhISTa eva sAdhyA'vyabhicAra' iti cet ? akSaNikavAdino'kSaNikA'vyabhicAraH kimevaM na syAt ? tenApi zakyamevamabhidhAtum - krama-yogapadyAbhyAM kSaNike'rthakriyAvirodhaH / / tathAhi - ekasAmagyantargatayugapadanekakAryakAriNa ekasya svabhAvabhedamantareNa kAryasya bhedA'yogAt svabhAvabhede cA'nekatvaprasaMgAnaikasya yugapadanekakAryakAritvam / kAraNasvabhAvazaktibhedamantareNApi kAyasyopAdAnabhedAd bhedamicchatA zaktibhedo'bhyupagata eva upAdAna-sahakAribhAvenAnekakAryajanmanyekasya vastukSaNasyopayogAbhyupagamAt upAdAnasahakAribhAvayozca parasparaM bhedAt / na caikatropAdAnabhAva evAnyatra sahakAribhAvaH kAraNakSaNasya; tathA'bhyupagame sahakAryupAdAnabhAvayorabhedAt tatkAraNaM sahakAri upAdAnaM vA yataH prasajyeta ? yadyupAdAnaM na taryupAdAnabhedAt kAryabhedaH sarvaM pratyupAdAnatvAt, sahakAritve copAsakatA / ata: yaha phalita hotA hai ki kAryAtmaka padArthamAtra apane svabhAva se hI kSaNika = kSaNavinAzI hai, use aura kisI hetu kI apekSA nahIM hai yaha siddha hotA hai / jaba anapekSatva siddha huA to aba kRtakatva kSaNikatva kA vyabhicArI (parityAgI) na hone se una donoM kA avinAbhAva bhI siddha ho jAtA hai / syAdvAdI : itanI jhaMjhaTa kyoM ? dIrgha paramparA se drAviDa prANAyAma kara ke avinAbhAva kI siddhi karane ke badale vyApakAnupalabdhi se hI usa kI siddhi hone do| kAraNa, Apa ke matAnusAra kSaNika-akSaNika ina donoM se atirikta koI vastu prakAra sambhava nahIM haiM, akSaNika khapuSpAdi meM kRtakatva nahIM rahatA hai - usa kA kAraNa kyA ? kSaNikatvarUpa vyApaka kI akSaNika meM anupalabdhi hone se hI kRtakatva akSaNika meM se vyAvRtta hotA hai - yaha phalita hotA hai / aura akSaNika se vyAvRtta hone vAlA kRtakatvarUpa sattva yadi kSaNika meM nahIM rahegA to kahA~ jAyegA ? sadbhUta vastudharma kRtakatva ko rahane ke liye tIsarA to koI Apa ke matAnusAra sthAna nahIM hai| bauddhavAdI : calo ! bahuta acchA huA, aisA hI mAna leNge| syAdvAdI : vaha bhI hamAre sAmane nahIM bana sakegA, kyoMki hamAre mata meM to 'kSaNikA'kSaNika' yA 'nityA'nitya' aisA tRtIya prakAra sambhava hai ata: avinAbhAva sAdhaka vyApakAnupalabdhi hI prasiddha nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki hama kaheMge ki - kSaNikatva na hone ke kAraNa nahIM kintu nityAnityatva na hone se hI kRtakatva akSaNika khapuSpAdi meM nahIM rahatA / taba kRtakatva kI kSaNikatva ke sAtha vyApti kaise siddha hogI ? anapekSatva hetu meM bhAgAsiddhi pradarzana uparAMta, kSaNikasvabhAva kI apekSAmAtra se bhAva ke vinAza meM jo anyahetuanapekSatva dikhAyA hai vaha bhI aMzata: asiddha hai / kAraNa, kRtaka bhAva kucha kSaNika hote haiM vahA~ bhale anapekSatva ho kintu kucha kRtaka bhAva ubhaya kSaNikAkSaNika svabhAva bhI hote haiM ata: aise bhAvoM ke vinAza meM, kSaNikasvabhAva kA abhAva hone se vinAza ke liye anya hetu apekSA anivArya hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya - 'akSaNika vipakSa se arthakriyAkAritvarUpa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi se, kRtakatva hetu kI bhI vyAvRtti siddha ho jAtI hai aura vipakSavyAvRtti siddha hone para

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam dAnasyaivAbhAvAt kutastadbhedAt kAryabhedaH ? evamapi yadi kSaNasyaikatropAdAnabhAva evAnyatra sahakAribhAva iti na zaktibhedastarhi akSaNikasyApyaikadaikakAryakAritvamevAnyadAnyakAryakAritvamiti krameNAnekakAryakAriNo na syAt zaktibhedaH / 208 na ca 'pUrvAparakAryakAritvayorabhedAduttarakAryakAritvasya prAgeva sambhavAt tadaivottarakAryotpattiH syAt' iti vaktavyam kSaNikatve'pyasya samAnatvAt / tathAhi kAraNasattAkAle tadanantarabhAvikAryakAritvasya sadbhAvAt tadaiva kAryotpatiH syAditi kAryakAraNayorekakAlatAprasaktiH / na copAdAnabhedAdeva kAryasya hetu meM sAdhya kA avyabhicAra bhI siddha ho jAtA hai ataH aMzata: anapekSatva asiddha nahIM' to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki isa DhaMga se to akSaNikavAdI bhI kRtakatva ko akSaNikasAdhya kA avyabhicArI siddha kara sakegA / vaha bhI kaha sakegA - kSaNikapakSa meM 'kramazaH yA eka sAtha', donoM vikalpa meM arthakriyAkAritva kA virodha hai [ phalata: vipakSabhUta kSaNika meM arthakriyAkAritvarUpa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi se kRtakatva hetu kI vyAvRtti siddha hone para akSaNikasAdhya ke sAtha kRtakatva kA avyabhicAra siddha ho jAyegA / ] kSaNika meM 'kramazaH yA eka sAtha' arthakriyA kA virodha kaise hai yaha bhI akSaNikavAdI vistRta carcA se dikhAyegA / kSaNika padArtha meM arthakriyA virodhanirdezana dekhiye sAmagrI ke vinA kisI eka se koI kArya nahIM hotA evaM eka hI kAraNa, eka sAmagrI kA aMga bana kara ( upAdAna - nimitta bheda se) eka sAtha aneka kArya utpanna karatA hai yaha bauddha mAnatA hai / aba yahA~ ekakAraNajanya kAryabheda kAraNagata svabhAvabheda ke vinA kaise zakya banegA ? aura svabhAvabheda mAneMge to eka kAraNa ke aneka bheda prasakta hone kI vipadA hai, isa prakAra eka kSaNika padArtha ekasAtha apane aneka kAryoM ko utpanna kara de yaha to nahIM bana sakatA / kAraNabheda, svabhAvabheda yA zaktibheda ke binA bhI jo upAdAnabheda se kAryabheda ke cAhaka haiM unheM zaktibheda ko bhI cAhanA hogA - svIkAranA hogA, kyoMki eka hI kSaNika vastu aneka kAryotpAdana meM upAdAnasvabhAva evaM sahakArisvabhAva se upayogI banatI hai - aisA mAnate haiM, to yahA~ upAdAnazakti aura sahakArizakti ke bheda se hI kAryabheda ghaTA sakeMge, anyathA svabhAvabheda se eka kSaNa meM bhI kSaNabheda prasakta hogA / - yadi kaheM ki eka hI kAraNakSaNa kA svasantAna meM uttaravarttI kSaNa ke prati jo upAdAnasvabhAva hai vahI anyasantAna ke uttarakSaNa ke prati sahakArisvabhAvarUpa hai isa liye na to zaktibheda svIkAreMge na to svabhAvabhedaprayukta kSaNabheda hogA / to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para upAdAna - sahakArisvabhAva meM sarvathA abheda hone para do meM se eka rahegA yA to upAdAna rahegA yA sahakArI, kyoMki sarvathA abhinna meM do alaga alaga bhAva nahIM raha sakate / aba yadi sirpha upAdAna hI mAneMge to dUsaroM ke prati sahakAribhAva ke badale, sarva kAryoM ke prati upAdAnabhAva prasakta hone se, upAdAnabheda se kAryabheda kI mAnyatA DUba jAyegI / yadi akele sahakAribhAva ko mAneMge to upAdAnabhAva nahIM rahegA, taba bhI upAdAnabheda se kAryabheda kI bAta DUba jAyegI / isa aniSTa kI upekSA kara ke bhI zaktibheda ko TAlane ke liye eka hI kSaNameM eka ke prati upAdAnabhAva aura dUsare kArya ke prati sahakAribhAva mAnane kA Agraha nahIM chUTatA, to akSaNikavAdI bhI kahegA ki hamAre pakSa meM bhI zaktibheda nahIM mAneMge, kyoMki akSaNika vastu meM, pUrvakAla meM jo ekakAryakAritva hai vahI uttara kAla meM anyakAryakAritvarUpa hotA hai, svabhAvabheda na hone se kSaNabheda ko avakAza nahIM hogA / Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 209 bhedaH, godarzanasamaye'zvaM vikalpayato manaskAralakSaNopAdAnabhedAbhAve'pi savikalpA'vikalpayoH pareNa bhedAbhyupagamAt, tadbhede'pi ca taduttarakAlabhAvino'nusandhAnasyAbhedAnopAdAnabhedAt bheda evopAdeyasya / ataH zaktibhedAdeva bhedaH kAryasya / / zaktizca bhinnA'bhinnA zaktimataH - tadhaNe'pyagrahaNAd bhinnA, kAryAnyathAnupapattyA ca tatraiva pratIyamAnA sA tato'bhinnA / / __ vyatireke zaktimataH zakteH, azaktAt kAryAnutpatteH / na ca vyatiriktAyAH zaktareva kAryotpattirbhaviSyati, zaktimato'kArakatvenA'vastutvaprasaGgAt / na ca zaktimato'pi kArakatvam, tasyA'sAmarthyAt / na ca zaktiyogAt tasya zaktatvam, azaktasya bhinnazaktiyoge'pi zaktatvAnupapatteH, zaktestatrAnupayogAt, tadupayoge vA zaktitaH zaktimata utpattirabhyupagatA syAt / tathA ca svahetoreva zaktasyotpattirabhyupagantavyA kimarthAntarabhUtazaktiparikalpanayA ? zaktasya ca svahetoreva tasyotpattau kiM zaktiyogaparikalpanena ?! nA'pi zaktimataH zaktirabhiva, zaktimadhaNe'pi agRhItatvAt / 'zaktiH gRhItaiva tadhaNe, kevalama(?m) tatphalasAdhAt vipralabdho na tAM vyavasyati' - asadetat, sarvato vyAvRttavastuvAdinAM pUrvakSaNa meM uttarakAryotpatti kI Apatti kA nirmUlana yadi aisA kahA jAya - eka hI akSaNika bhAva meM yadi Apa pUrvakAryakAritva hI uttarakAryakAritva hai (una meM bheda nahIM hai) aisA mAneMge to pUrva kArya karate samaya hI uttarakArya bhI utpanna ho jAyegA kyoMki uttarakAryakAritva pUrvakAla meM bhI usa samaya akSuNNa hai / - to yaha kathana ayukta hai kyoMki aisI Apatti to kSaNikavAda meM bhI laga sakatI hai - dekhiye, kAraNakSaNa meM svaavyavahitauttarakSaNakAryakAritva apanI sattA kAla meM vidyamAna hone se usI kSaNa meM uttarakSaNakArya bhI ho jAne kI vipadA AyegI aura kAraNa kArya donoM samAnakAlIna ho jaayeNge| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bauddha jo upAdAnabheda se hI kAryabheda batA rahA hai vaha saMgata nahIM hai, azvadarzanautpatti ke kSaNa meM paristhiti anusAra godarzana aura azvavikalpa kI sAmragI eka sAtha juTa jAne para dUsare kSaNa meM godarzana aura azvavikalpa do bhinna kArya eka sAtha utpanna hote haiM kintu vahA~ manaskArasvarUpa upAdAna to donoM kA eka hI hotA hai, bauddha ko yaha bAta mAnya hai / uparAMta, kAryabheda hone ke bAda bhI uttarakSaNa meM jo go evaM azva kA anusandhAnAtmaka kArya utpanna hotA hai vaha to eka hI hotA hai / isa prakAra kAraNabheda rahane para bhI kArya eka utpanna hotA hai aura kAraNa abheda rahane para bhI kAryabheda hotA hai isaliye siddha huA ki upAdAnabheda upAdeyabheda kA prayojaka nahIM hai / niSkarSa, zaktibheda hI kAryabheda kA prayojaka hai| zakti aura zaktimAn meM bhedAbheda prasaMga se vyAkhyAkAra yaha bhI batA dete haiM ki yaha zakti, zaktimAn se bhinnAbhinna hotI hai / kAraNa, zaktimAn ke jJAta rahane para bhI zakti jJAta nahIM hotI ata: una meM bheda bhI hai; aura abheda isaliye hai ki zakti ke vinA akele (zaktimAn daNDAdi) se ghaTAdi kArya kI utpatti na hone para abhinnatayA zaktimAna meM zakti kI bhI pratIti hotI hai / [zakti kA arthI zaktimat vastu kA hI anveSaNa karatA hai isaliye bhI abheda hai / ] zakti ko yadi (zaktimAn) daNDAdi se sarvathA bhinna mAnI jAya to zaktizUnya yAnI svayaM azakta daNDAdi

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vipralambhanimittasya vastubhUtasAdharmyasyAbhAvAt / na caikaparAmarzapratyayahetutvena sAdharmyamabhyupagantavyam cakSUrUpAlokamanaskAreSvapi tasya prasakteH / tasmAd bhrAntinimittAbhAvAd yadi zaktiranubhUtA tadA tathaiva nizcIyate, anizcayAnnAnubhUtetyavasIyate, atastataH kathaJcida (d) bhinnA'pi / na ca bhedAbhedayorvirodhaH, abAdhitAkArapratyayaviSayatvAt tayoH, yathA parapakSe ekakSaNasya svakAryakAraNameva parakAryA'karaNamityAdi vaktavyam vihitottaratvAt / niraMze ca kSaNe zaktibhedAdapi na kAryasya bhedaH zaktibhedAbhAvAt niraMzatvAdeva / tatra kSaNikasyAskramakAritvam / 210 nApi kramakAryakAritvaM tasya yuktam, dvitIyakSaNe kSaNikasyAbhAvAt / anekakAlabhAvikAryakAritvaM hyekasya kramakAritvam taccaikakSaNasthAyini bhAve kathamupapadyeta ? kramavatkSaNApekSayA svato'kramasyApi krase ghaTAdi kArya utpanna hI nahIM hogA / ' akelI svatantra zakti se hI kArya utpanna ho jAya' aisA bhI nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki taba daNDAdi padArtha kAraka ( = arthakriyAsAdhaka) na rahane se asat bana jAyeMge / zaktizUnya kevala daNDAdi bhI kAraka nahIM bana sakate kyoMki ve zaktizUnya = sAmarthyahIna haiM / 'zakti' bhinna hai kintu kisI sambandha se daMDAdi meM rahegI ataH daMDAdi sazakta baneMge' aisA bhI nahIM mAna sakate, kyoMki svayaM jo azakta hai usa ko hajAra bAra zakti kA sambandha prApta ho to bhI zaktasvabhAva nahIM ho sakatA yAnI zakti vahA~ nirarthaka ho jAyegI / yadi vahA~ zakti ko sArthaka mAnane ke liye aisA mAnA jAya ki zakti ke yoga se daMDAdi zaktizAlI banate haiM taba to zakti se zaktimAna kI utpatti, ulaTA mAnanA paDegA / sArAMza, apane hetuoM se utpanna hone vAle daMDAdi sazakta hI utpanna hote haiM aisA mAnanA hI hogA, phira pRthag bhUta zakti kI kalpanA kyoM kI jAya ? evaM daMDAdi apane hetuo seM zaktizAlI hI utpanna hote haiM taba una meM zakti ke sambandha kI bhI kalpanA kyoM kI jAya ? zaktimAn se zakti ekAnta abhinna nahIM zaktimat daMDAdi se zakti ekAnta abhinna bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki daMDAdi kA anubhava hotA hai taba usa ke sAtha zakti kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| yadi kaheM ki 'zaktimat aura zakti kA anubhava eka hI hotA hai ataH zaktimat ke anubhava meM zakti kA anubhava samAviSTa hI hotA hai, hA~ ( atatphalasAdharmya ? ) tatphalasAdharmya ke kAraNa arthAt donoM kA samAna phala eka parAmarza rUpa hone se jJAtA aisA bhramita ho jAtA hai ki usa ko pRthak zakti kA vyavasAya nahIM utpanna hotA / ' yaha galata bAta hai, kyoMki bauddha to sarvathA vyAvRtta vastu vAdI hai, usa ke mata meM, bhramita hone ke nimittabhUta koI vAstavika sAdharmya hI nahIM hotA / 'zakti aura zaktimat donoM meM eka parAmarzapratIti kA hetutva rUpa sAdharmya kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ?' isaliye ki vaisA ekaparAmarzapratIti kA hetutva rUpa sAdharmya cakSu, rUpa, prakAza aura manaskAra meM bhI prasakta hogA / aura taba rUpa - Aloka Adi kA pRthag vyavasAya bhI nahIM ho sakegA / tAtparya bhramita hone ke liye vahA~ koI prabala nimitta nahIM hai, taba yadi zaktimat ke sAtha zakti kA bhI anubhava hotA to jarUra usa kA zaktirUpa meM nizcaya hotA, nizcaya nahIM hotA hai isaliye siddha hotA hai ki usa kA zaktimat ke sAtha anubhava nahIM hotA / isa prakAra eka ke anubhavakAla meM dUsare kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai isa liye ve donoM zakti aura zaktimat kathaMcid bhinna hone kA siddha hotA hai / Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 211 kSaNikasya, akSaNikasyApi kramavatsahakAryapekSayA'kramasyApi kramakAritvaM kiM neSyate ? 'svato'kSaNikasyAkramatve'krameNaiva kiM kAryotpattiH anAdheyAtizayasyA'kSaNikasya kAlAntarasahakAripratIkSA'yogAditi ?' na, akSaNikasyA'nAdheyAtizayasyA'pi kAryakAritvasya kAlAntaraniyatatvAt kSaNikasyeva, sahakAritvasya caikakAryakAritvalakSaNatvAd yuktA sahakAripratyayApekSA'kSaNikasya ! kSaNikasyApi hyanatizayatvAd sahakAriNi kAlAntare vA nAtizayAdhAyakatvenApekSA - kSaNasyA'vivekAt - kintu kAlAntarabhAvyekakAryakAritvena, sahakArisahAyasyaiva ca sAmarthyAt, anyathA sAmagrI na jja(?ja)nikA syAt ekasmAdeva kAryotpatteH dvitIyakSaNApekSA ca na syAt, AyakSaNa eva kAryasyotpatteH / / ___ parasparopakAritvaM ca santAne ekakAryakAritvameva, kSaNAt sahakAriNaH kSaNasyApi kAriNo'nupakArAt sarvatraikArthakAritvameva sahakAritvam, ato'nupakAriNyapi sahakAriNi kAlAntare vA'pekSAsambhavAt kramavatsahakAryapekSayA'kramasyApi kramakAritvaM ki na bhavet ? na cAnekasmAt krameNAnekakAryotpatau kramakAritvaM do padArtha meM kathaMcid bhedAbheda hone meM koI virodha sAvakAza nahIM hai, kyoMki uparokta tarIke se ve donoM nirbAdhapratIti ke viSaya banate haiM / bauddhamata meM bhI aisA hotA hai - eka hI bIja kSaNa aMkUrasvarUpa apane kArya ko utpanna karatI hai vahI bIja kSaNa ghaTAdi parakArya ko utpanna nahIM karatI hai isa prakAra kArakatva-akArakatva virodhAbhAsI dharma eka hI kSaNa meM rahate haiM / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'svakAryakArakatva hI parakArya-akArakatva hai yAnI donoM eka hI hai ata: koI virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki pahale hI kaha diyA hai ki [akSaNika meM bhI eka bAra anyakAryakArakatva hotA hai donoM eka hone se akSaNikavAda meM virodha kA ApAdana choDa denA par3egA athavA]' eka hI kSaNa meM upAdAnabhAva aura sahakArIbhAva ko eka mAneMge to donoM me se eka hI rahegA, donoM nahIM ho sakeMge'......ityAdi / isa prakAra bhinnAbhinna zaktivizeSa jo siddha hai usa se kAryabheda mAnanA hai, kintu niraMza vastu meM zaktibheda niraMza mAnane ke kAraNa usa meM aMzata: upAdAnazakti aura aMzata: sahakAri zakti kA avasthAna saMgata nahIM hotA / phalasvarUpa, jo kSaNika padArtha hai vaha zaktibheda se eka sAtha akrama se apane saba kAryoM ko janma de, yaha sambhava nhiiN| *kSaNikabhAva meM kramikakAryakAritA durghaTa kSaNika bhAva meM kramaza: kAryakAritva bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatA, kyoMki krama ke liye kama se kama do kSaNa meM eka bhAva kA avasthAna honA cAhiye, kSaNika bhAva to dUsare kSaNa meM rahatA nahIM / kramakAritva kA matalaba hai eka ke bAda eka, aise aneka kSaNakAla meM hone vAle kAryoM ko janma denA, lekina jo ekakSaNamAtrasthAyi hai vaha anya anya kSaNa meM kaise kArya karegA ? yadi yaha kahA jAya - kSaNika bhAva svata: krama rahita hone para bhI usa ke dvArA apane abhAva meM bhI dvitIyAdi kramika kSaNoM meM kArya ko utpanna karane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai, kyoMki utpana to kArya ko honA hai, aura usa ko tattatkSaNa meM utpanna hone ke liye tattat kSaNoM kI apekSA hai / isa liye kramika kAryotpatti ho sakatI hai / - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki aise to akSaNika bhAva bhale svayaM kramarahita ho, phira bhI kramika sahakArIyoM kI apekSA hone se kramika kAryoM ko nipaTA sakatA hai| - 'jo svayaM akramika hai aisA akSaNika bhAva akrama se yA ekasAtha hI apane kAryoM ko kyoM nahIM

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 212 yuktam, atiprasaGgAt / akSaNike'pi cAnekakAlabhAvinyasya prasaMgasya samAnatvAt / na caikatvAdhyavasAye naikasyaiva kSaNaprabandhasya kramakAritvaM yuktam / bhinnAnAmabhedAdhyavasAye nimittAbhAvAt / na sAdRzyaM tannibandhanam, sarvathA sAdRzyasya pUrvottarakSaNeSvabhAvAt bhAve vottarakSaNasya sarvathA pUrvakSaNasadRzatvAt pUrvakSaNavat pUrvakAlatAprasaktiriti sarvasyA ('pi ) kSaNaprabandhasyaikakAlatvAnna kAryakAraNabhAvaH / kathaJcit sAdRzye'nekAntasiddhiH, nAmAdyarthayorapi sAdRzyanimittaikatvAdhyavasAyazca syAt, tato'bhedAdhyavasAyAbhAvAt tadavastha evAtiprasaMga: / tadevaM kSaNike krama- yaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAt tato'rthakriyAlakSaNasattvaviziSTaM kRtakatvaM nivarttamAnaM gatyantarAbhAvAdakSaNikAdyavakAzamiti sAdhyaviparyayasAdhanAd viruddhaM syAt / anaikAntikaM ca krama- yaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAkAriNo'pi kAryatvasambhavAt / tathAhi zabda-vidyutpradIpAdicaramakSaNAnAmanyatrAnupayoge'pyavastutvena nA'kAryatvam azeSatatsantAnasyA'vastutvaprasaMgAt / na nipaTAtA ? yadi usa meM sahakArI dvArA atizaya kA AdhAna mAneMge to vaha kSaNika bana jAyegA isa liye jaba sahakAri se atizaya ke AdhAna kI bAta hI nahIM hai taba kAlAntara meM upasthita hone vAle sahakAriyoM kI pratIkSA karane kI use kyA jarUra hai ? ' yaha kathana ayukta hai, kyoMki eka bAta to yaha hai ki kSaNika bhAva ko jaise Apane uttarottarakSaNa kI apekSA dikhAyI vaise akSaNika bhAva ko bhI kAlAntarasApekSa kAryakAritva hotA hai / dUsarI bAta, sahakAritva kA matalaba yaha hai ki 'mila kara eka kArya karanA' / ataH sahakAri ke dvArA atizayAdhAna na hone para bhI kArya sAmagrIjanya hone se eka- dUsare akSaNika bhAvo meM anyonya sahakArimUlaka pratIkSA ho sakatI hai| kSaNikavAda meM bhI kyA hai ? kSaNika meM sahakArI ke dvArA atizaya kA AdhAna nahIM mAnA jAtA, phira bhI kAlAntara (= uttarottarakSaNa) kI yA sahakArI kI apekSA to mAnI jAtI hai, yadi atizaya kA AdhAna mAneM taba to kSaNika bhAva niraMza hotA hai vaha nahIM rahegA / ataH kSaNika pakSa meM bhI kAlAntarabhAvi eka kAryakAritvarUpa se sahakAri kI sahAya milane para hI kSaNikabhAva meM kAryajanana sAmarthya mAnanA hogA / aisA nahIM mAneMge to Apake mata meM sAmagrI kAryajananI nahIM banegI kyoMki kisI eka kArya ko janma dene ke liye paraspara sahAyaka aneka kAraNoM ke milane ko hI 'sAmagrI' kahate haiM / yadi ekamAtra kAraNa se kAryotpatti mAneMge to AdyakSaNa se apane samasta kArya eka sAtha utpanna ho jAne para dvitIyAdi uttarottarakSaNa kI apekSA jo Apane pahale dikhAyI hai vaha nahIM ghaTegI / sahakAritva yAnI ekakAryakAritva - santAnoM meM bhI jo anyonya upakArakatva hai, jaise daMDa - cakrAdi santAnoM meM, vaha ekakAryakAritA rUpa hI haiM, atizayAdhAnarUpa nahIM / sahakArikSaNa kI sahAyatA se jo kSaNa kArya utpanna karatI hai vahA~ bhI sahakAritva kA matalaba upakAraka nahIM hai kintu sarvatra 'milakara eka kAryakAritva' rUpa hai / isa prakAra, anupakArI bhI sahakArI kI yA kAlAntara kI apekSA jaba sambhavita hai taba sahakAriyoM kI kramika upasthiti hone para svayaM kramarahita bhI akSaNika bhAva meM kramaza: kAritva ghaTa sakatA hai / kSaNikavAdI jo kramika aneka kSaNoM meM uttarottara kramika aneka kAryakSaNoM kI utpAdakatA ko kramakAritva rUpa batA rahA hai vaha to nipaTa asaMgata haiM, kyoMki taba to samAnakAlika aneka vibhinna kSaNoM meM bhI kramakAritva kA atiprasaMga hogA / evaM anekakSaNoM ko lekara jaba kramakAritva ko ghaTAyA jAyegA to anekakSaNasthAyI eka

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH-kA0-2 213 ca 'samAnajAtIyakAryA'nArambhe'pi yogivijJAnalakSaNavijAtIyakAryaka(kA?)raNAt na sarvathA'narthakriyAkAritvaM zabdAdicaramakSaNAnAm' - sajAtIyAnupayoge vijAtIye'pi teSAmanupayogAt, upayoge vA na rasAderekakAlasya rUpAderavyabhicAryanumAnaM syAt, rUpAderapi zabdAdyantakSaNavat sajAtIyakAryAnArambhasambhavAt, 'rUpa-rasayorekasAmagyadhInatvena niyamena kAryadvayArambhakatve'nyatrApi prasaMgaH, yogivijJAna-zabdAdhantakSaNayorapi samAnAkAraNasAmagrIjanyatvAt / na caikatrAnupayoginazcaramasyAnyatropayogo yuktaH, anyathA akSaNika bhAva meM uttarottarakSaNasApekSa kramaza: anekakAryakAritva kyoM nahIM ghaTegA ? yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'pUrvottara kSaNaprabandha meM yadyapi kSaNa kSaNa pRthak hai phira bhI una meM jo ekatva kA adhyavasAya hotA hai usa adhyavasAya se una kSaNoM meM (kalpita) ekatva ko mAna kara eka hI bhAva (kSaNaprabandhAtmaka) se kramaza: aneka kAryakAritva ghaTA sakate haiM - yaha nipaTa asaMgata hai, kyoMki pahale bhI kahA hai ki bauddha mata meM abhedAdhyavasAya kI upapatti nahIM hotI, kyoMki usa ke liye koI nimitta nahIM hai / sAdRzya ko yadi nimitta mAneMge to do vikalpa praznoM kA sAmanA karanA hogA sarvathA sAdRzya aura kathaMcit sAdRzya / yadi sarvathA pUrvakSaNa kA uttarakSaNa meM sAdRzya mAneMge to uttarakSaNa meM pUrvakSaNa kI taraha pUrvakAlInatva kI prasakti hogI aura uttaravartI samasta kSaNaprabandha meM bhI pUrvakAlInatA prasakta hone se pUrA kSaNaprabandha ekakAlIna ho baiThegA, phira una meM kAraNakArya bhAva na raha pAyegA / yadi kathaMcit sAdRzya mAneMge to 1- anekAntavAda siddha ho jAyegA, 2 - nAma - AkRti - bhAva Adi meM bhI kathaMcita sAdRzya vidyamAna hone se una meM bhI ekatvAdhyavasAya ke dvArA ekatva prasakta hogaa| isa prakAra abhedAdhyavasAya kI bAta meM bahu doSa hone se, usa kA abhAva siddha hone para, pahale jo anekakSaNoM se uttarottarakSaNa kI kramaza: utpatti ko lekara kramakAritva ko ghaTAne meM jo atiprasaMga dikhAyA hai vaha tadavastha hI rahatA hai / isa prakAra kSaNika bhAva meM kramaza: athavA eka sAtha arthakriyA kA virodha siddha hone para, arthakriyAkArita svarUpa sattva se viziSTa jo kRtakatva hai vaha bhI kSaNikabhAva se nivRtta hogA, phira usa ko rahane ke liye aura koI sthAna na milane para vaha akSaNika meM hI jA baiThegA, phalataH kRtakatva se kSaNikatvavirodhI akSaNikatva kI siddhi hone para kRtakatva hetu sAdhya-viparyaya (akSaNikatva) kA sAdhaka hone se viruddha hetvAbhAsa prasiddha hotA kRtakatva hetu meM anaikAntikatva doSa * kRtakatva hetu viruddha uparAMta anaikAntika bhI hai kyoMki krama se athavA eka sAtha jo arthakriyAkArI nahIM hote una meM bhI kAryatva (= kRtakatva) hone kA sambhava hai / dekhie - zabda, bIjalI, dIpaka ityAdi bhAvoM kA carama kSaNoM kA anya uttaravartI kSaNoM ke utpAdana meM upayoga na hone para bhI na to ve avastu haiM, na to akArya haiM / yadi una caramakSaNoM ko vastubhUta nahIM mAneMge to dvicaramAdi kSaNoM meM bhI arthakriyAabhAva ke kAraNa avastutva prasakta hogA / yadi yaha kahA jAya - 'samAnajAtIya kArya kA utpAdana na karane para bhI yogiyoM ko usa kA jJAna utpanna hotA hai, usa jJAnasvarUpa vijAtIya kArya kA utpAdana karate haiM isaliye una zabdAdi ke caramakSaNa meM arthakriyAkAritva kA sarvathA abhAva nahIM hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jo sajAtIya kArya ke liye anupayogI ho vaha vijAtIya kArya ke liye upayogI nahIM bana sakatA / sajAtIya ke liye anupayogI hone para bhI yadi vijAtIya ke liye upayogI mAnanA cAheMge to natIjA yaha hogA ki rasAdi se jo rUpAdi

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214 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam jJAnAntarapratyakSajJAnavAdino'pi svajJAnAnupayoge'pi jJAnasyArthajJAne upayogasambhavAt svajJAnajananA'samarthasya jJAnasyArthajJAnajanane sAmarthyAsambhavAt naivArthacintanamutsIdet / tato'narthakriyAkAriNo'kSaNikasya yadyavastutvenA'kAryatvam caramakSaNasyApi tat syAt sarvathA'narthakriyAkAritvAt / athAnarthakriyAkAriNo'pi caramakSaNasya kAryatvam na tahakSaNike kRtakatvaM kSaNikavAdinA pratikSeptavyam nyAyasya samAnatvAt / / saMdigdhavyatirekazca 'kRtakatvAd' iti hetuH, vipakSe bAdhakapramANAbhAvAt / vyApakAnupalabdhirhi vipakSe bAdhakaM pramANam tasyAzca vipakSe kSaNikatvalakSaNe pratyakSavRttirbAdhakaM pramANam / na ca vipakSe kSaNikatve pratyakSavRttiH siddhA, kSaNakSayAtmani pratyakSanizcite kramayogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyopalabdheranizcayAt / na cA'kSaNikasyA'sattvAt prakArAntarasya cAbhAvAt kSaNikepvevArthakriyopalabdhiriti vaktuM zakyam akSaNikasyAkA avisaMvAdI anumAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha saMdigdhavisaMvAdI ho jAyegA, kyoMki zabdAdi caramakSaNa jaise sirpha vijAtIya kArya ko hI utpanna karatA hai vaise hI rUpAdi kA antyakSaNa sirpha rasAdi vijAtIya kSaNa ko hI utpanna kare aura sajAtIya rUpAdikSaNa ko utpanna na kare aisI sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai / isa sthiti meM phalAdi meM jaba rasakSaNa meM rUpotpatti saMdigdha hai taba rasa ke dvArA rUpa kA anumAna saMdigdhavyabhicArI bana jaayegaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'rasa aura rUpa kI bIjAdi sAmagrI samAna hI hotI hai ataH samAnasAmagrI adhIna yugala meM se eka kA janma ho aura dUsare kA janma na ho yaha nahIM bana sakatA yA to donoM kA janma hogA, athavA eka kA bhI nahIM hogA / ataH rasa se rUpa kA anumAna visaMvAdI nahIM hogA / ' - to zabdAdi caramakSaNa meM bhI yahI bAta samAna hai, zabdAdicaramakSaNa aura yogavijJAna ye donoM bhI samAna kAraNasAmagrI janya hone se eka kI anutpatti meM dUsare kI bhI utpatti nahIM hogii| sajAtIyaajanaka meM vijAtIyajanakatva durghaTa bauddha kA yaha kathana bhI ThIka nahIM hai ki - 'sajAtIya ke liye anupayogI caramakSaNa vijAtIya kArya ke liye upayogI bana sakatA hai|' - kAraNa yaha hai ki jJAna ko svaprakAza na mAnane vAle vAdI, jo jJAna ko anuvyavasAya se vedya mAnate haiM, una ke mata meM jJAna apane prakAza meM upayogI na hone para bhI artha kA prakAza karane meM upayogI mAnA jAtA hai / aba svaprakAzajJAnavAdI bauddha isa kA virodha nahIM kara sakegA, kyoMki svaprakAza ke liye anupayogI jJAna bhI arthaprakAza karane ke liye samartha ho sakatA hai jaise ki bauddha mata meM uparokta caramakSaNa / ata: jJAna paraprakAza hone para artha kA vicAra hI ucchinna ho jAyegA - aisA jo bauddhavAdI kahate haiM yaha arthazUnya pralApa ho jAyegA / sArAMza, arthakriyAkAritva na hone mAtra se hI yadi akSaNika ko avastu mAna leMge taba to carama bIjalI AdikSaNoM meM bhI, upara kahe mutAbika kisI bhI prakAra se arthakriyAkAritva sambhava na hone se avastutva prasakta ho jAyegA / yadi arthakriyAkAritva ke abhAva meM bhI Apa caramakSaNa meM kAryatva mAnya kareMge to akSaNika meM arthakriyAkAritva kA abhAva dikhAkara kRtakatva kA apalApa karane kI ceSTA bauddha ko nahIM karanI cAhiye, kyoMki jisa nyAya se vaha akSaNika bhAva kA khaMDana karatA hai usI nyAya se kSaNikatva kA bhI khaMDana hotA hai, nyAya donoM ora samAna hai| kRtakatva hetu vipakSavyAvRtti saMdigdha kSaNikatva kI siddhi ke liye prayojita 'kRtakatva' hetu saMdigdhavyatirekI hai, yAnI vipakSa meM, akSaNika

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 dyApyabhAvA'siddheH / 'byApakAnupalabdhestadabhAvasiddhi' zvet ? na, vipakSe pratyakSavRttau vyatirekasiddhyAnupalabdherakSaNikAbhAvagatiH tatpratipattau ca gatyantarAbhAvAt vipakSe pratyakSa pravRttiritItaretarAzrayadoSaprasakteH / athA'kSaNikasyAssattvasAdhane sat (n) vipakSo bhavati na kSaNikaH, sati ca vipakSe'dhyakSavRttirastyeva / naitat sAram, yato dvairAzye ko'paro bhAvaH kSaNikavyatiriktaH san yo'kSaNikAbhAvasAdhane vipakSaH syAt ? gatyantarasadbhAve vA kathaM prakArAntarAbhAvAd vyApakAnupalabdherakSaNikAd vyAvarttamAnaM sattvamanityatvaM vyApnuyAt tadanyasyApi sattvAt ? atha kSaNika eva bhAvaH pratikSaNamanupalakSitavinAzaH sattvamAtreNopalakSyamANo vipakSaH, krama-yaugapadyAbhyamarthakriyopalabdhirastIti / nanu kathaM kSaNikatvena vipakSasyA'nizcaye taMtraivArthakriyopalabdhirnAnyatretyavasIyate tayorvizeSAnupalakSaNAd akSaNikatvapratIterubhayatrA'vizeSAt ? 'pArizeSyAdatraivArthakri 215 - meM usa kI vRttitA na hone kA nizcaya nahIM hai / kAraNa, vipakSa meM usa ke rahane kI sambhAvanA ko dhvasta karane vAlA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / vyApaka anupalabdhi hI vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa mAnA jAtA hai / arthAt akSaNika meM arthakriyAkAritva rUpa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi se hI vahA~ kRtakatva ke rahane kI sambhAvanA dhvasta ho sakatI hai / lekina arthakriyAkAritva akSaNika meM nahIM yaha kaise siddha kiyA jAya ? vaha tabhI siddha ho sakatA hai jaba akSaNika ke vipakSa kSaNikatva kI pratyakSapravRtti se siddhi ho / kintu vipakSabhUta kSaNikatva kA sAdhaka pratyakSa siddha nahIM hai / kadAcit usa ko pratyakSanizcita mAna liyA jAya to bhI usa meM krama-yaugapadya se arthakrayAkAritva kI upalabdhi kA nizcaya karane ke liye koI sAdhana nahIM hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'akSaNika bhAva to asat hai, kSaNika ke alAvA aura koI bhAva kA prakAra bhI nahIM hai, arthakriyA rahegI to kSaNikabhAva vipakSabhUta kSaNikabhAva meM pratyakSa meM hI ' to yaha nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki yahA~ anyonyAzraya doSa hogA tatra kI pravRtti pahale siddha honI cAhiye, taba arthakriyAvyatireka siddha hone se usa kI anupalabdhi se 'akSaNika bhAva asat hai' yaha siddha hogA; dUsarI ora akSaNika bhAva asat siddha hone para anya gati ke abhAva meM pratyakSa kI pravRtti kSaNika meM hone kI siddhi ho sakegI / bauddha : akSaNika ke asattva ko siddha karane kI prakriyA meM kSaNika ko vipakSa nahIM banAte kintu 'sat' ko hI vipakSa banAte haiM, aura vaha to pratyakSasiddha hai / Jain Educationa International syAdvAdI : yaha kathana asAra hai, kyoMki Apake mata meM sat padArtha ke do hI rAzi sambhavita hai, kSaNika aura akSaNika / jaba akSaNika ko asat siddha karanA hai taba 'kSaNika' ko choDa kara aura kauna sA 'sat' hai jo akSaNika kA vipakSa bane ? ataH 'sat' ke nAma se bhI vipakSa to kSaNika hI banegA, kintu vahA~ pratyakSa kI pravRtti asiddha hai / yadi kSaNika ke alAvA bhI koI sat ho jisa ko Apa akSaNika kA vipakSa banAnA cAhate ho, taba to kSaNika- akSaNika ko chor3a kara anya gati kA bhI sadbhAva sambhavita bana gayA, phira kaise kaha sakeMge ki 'akSaNika asat hai evaM kSaNika ke alAvA aura koI gati na hone se arthakriyA kSaNika meM A kara rahegI' ? aba Apa yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki 'anya prakAra na hone se vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa bAdhaka pramANa ke bala para akSaNika se nivRtta hone vAlA sattva anityatva kA vyApya bana jAyegA' kyoMki kSaNika akSaNika ko chor3a kara aura bhI Apa sat kA prakAra dikhA rahe haiM / For Personal and Private Use Only

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216 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam yopalabdhiH' cet ? kutaH pArizeSyasiddhiH ? yadi vyApakAnupalabdhestadetaretarAzrayatvaM pratipAditam / ato vipakSe bAdhakapramANAbhAvAt saMdigdhavyatirekaH 'kRtakatvAt' iti hetuH / na cA'kSaNike kramayaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAkAriNyarthakriyAvirodhaH, tatraiva kramAkramajanmanAM kAryANAM jananAt / athA'kSaNikajanmanAM kAryANAmakrameNaiva syAjjanma tajjananasvabhAvasyA'kSaNikasya sarvadA bhAvAt, avikAriNo'nyAnapekSatvAdaviratiprasaMgazca anyathA dvitIyAdikSaNe'jananAdavastutvaprasaktiH tasminnapi kSaNe sa eva prasaMga: tadaiva tajjanmanAM sarveSAmapyutpattiH tadutpAdanasvabhAvasya prAgapi sadbhAvAdityato na kathaJcidakSaNika - syArthakriyA / asadetat kSaNavadakSaNikasyA'vikAriNo'pi na virodhaH sahakAryapekSayA, sattvopalakSita bhAva meM arthakriyA - nirUpaNa nirarthaka bauddha :- kSaNika bhAva ke alAvA aura koI vipakSa nahIM hai yaha bAta ThIka hai, lekina vipakSa ke rUpa meM sammata vaha kSaNika bhAva pratikSaNa vinAza se upalakSita na ho kara sirpha sattvamAtra se upalakSita hokara vipakSa hotA hai, aura sattvopalakSita bhAva meM to krama - yaugapadya se artha-kriyA kI upalabdhi hotI hI hai / syAdvAdI :- sattvopalakSita aura pratikSaNa vinAza se anupalakSita bhAva meM arthakriyA kI upalabdhi hone kI bAta ThIka hai lekina vinAza ke adarzana meM vaisA bhAva kSaNikAtmaka vipakSa hI hai yaha nizcaya jaba taka na ho taba taka kSaNika vipakSa meM hI arthakriyopalabdhi hai, akSaNika meM nahIM- yaha nizcaya kaise kiyA jAya ? kSaNika aura akSaNika ke pakSa meM aura to koI vizeSa hai nahIM jisase ki arthakriyA kI upalabdhi kisI eka pakSa nizcita kI jAya / dUsarI ora, kSaNika mAnane para bhI kSaNikatva kI pratIti nahIM hotI kintu akSaNikatva kI pratIti to donoM pakSa meM nirvivAda mAnya hai ataH kSaNika pakSa meM pratItivirodha bhI hai / bauddha : pArizeSya anumAna se kSaNika meM hI arthakriyAupalabdhi siddha hotI hai / syAdvAdI : pArizeSya (yAnI akSaNika meM jo artha kriyA nahIM ghaTatI vaha parizeSanyAya se pariziSTa bhUta kSaNika meM hI ghaTatI hai aisA ) kaise Apane siddha mAna liyA ! yadi vyApakAnupalabdhi se yaha siddha honA mAneMge to itaretarAzraya doSa praveza hogA kyoMki vyApakAnupalabdhi pariziSTa kSaNikatva ke nizcaya para avalambita hai aura pariziSTa kSaNikatva kA nizcaya vyApakAnupalabdhi ke vinA zakya nahIM hai / sArAMza, vipakSabhUta akSaNika meM 'kRtakatva' hetu kI sambhAvanA meM koI bAdhaka pramANa na hone se, vaha saMdigdhavyabhicArI siddha hotA hai / akSaNika bhAva meM arthakriyAvirodhazaMkA kA nirmUlana akSaNika bhI arthakriyAkArI ho sakatA hai, usa meM arthakriyA kA virodha nahIM hai / kAraNa, akSaNika bhAva hI kramika evaM akramika kAryoM ko janma de sakatA hai / bauddha : akSaNika bhAvajanya kAryavRnda akramika hI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki akSaNika meM sarvadA svajanya sarva kAryoM kA jananasvabhAva Adya kSaNa se lekara akSuNNa hotA hai / uparAMta akSaNika nitya bhAva avikArI hone se, kAryotpAdana ke liye usa ko kisI anya kI apekSA bhI nahIM honI cAhiye, ataH apane svabhAva ke mutAbika kSaNa kSaNa vaha svajanya samasta kArya ko utpanna karatA hI rahegA kabhI rukegA nahIM / yadi prathama kSaNa meM sarva svakArya ko utpanna kara ke dUsarI kSaNa meM ruka jAyegA to arthakriyAviraha se vaha avastu -asat bana jAne kI vipadA hogI / evaM ukta yukti se dvitIyAdikSaNoM meM jina kAryoM ko utpanna karegA una sabhI kI prathama kSaNa

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 217 na hi kSaNasyApi vikAro'sti apekSaNIyAt tasya vibhAgAbhAvAt vibhAgitve vA kSaNasya na kSaNaH syAt / na vA vibhAgino'pi kSaNasya vikAritvam, tathApi kSaNasya vikAritvam, tathAbhyupagame'kSaNikasyA'pyapekSaNIyakRto vikAro'kSaNikavirodhI na bhavet / avikAriNo'pi kSaNasya sApekSatve parAspekSAsvikAriNo'pyapekSaNIyAdakSaNikasyApi syAt / tatazca kathamakSaNikasyA'vikAriNo'pekSaNIyAt kramayaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodho bhavet ? sApekSatve hi yathApratyayaM krama-yaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAkAritvamakSaNikasya yuktameva / ata eva nA'vicchedena janakaH, sarvadA sahakAripratyayasaMnidhAnA'yogAt / "kevalasyaiva sAmarthye sahakAryapekSayA na kiJciditi kevala eva kAryaM kuryAt / asAmarthye'nyasAhatyespi na sAmarthyam anAdheyAtizayatvena pUrvAparasvabhAvaparityAgopAdAnAbhAvAt, ubhayathA'pi vyarthamakSaNikasyArthAntarApekSaNamiti cet ? kSaNike'pi samAno'yaM prasaMga: / tathAhi kSaNayorapi pratyekama meM hI tathAsvabhAva ke jariye utpatti kA pUrvokta prasaMga punaH AvRtta hogA, kyoMki jina kAryoM kI utpatti agrima kSaNoM meM abhipreta hai una ke utpAdana kA svabhAva to una ke pUrva bhI akSuNNa hotA hai / ina vipadAoM kA doSa TAlane ke liye yahI mAnanA hogA ki akSaNika bhAva arthakriyA samartha nahIM hai / - syAdvAdI : yaha bauddha-kathana galata hai / kSaNikavAda meM kSaNa avikArI hone para bhI jaise vahA~ sahakArI kI apekSA mAnya hai vaise akSaNika ko avikArI mAna kara bhI usa ko sahakArI kI apekSA kA honA galata nahIM hai / sahakArI kI apekSAmAtra se kSaNikavAdI kSaNa meM vikAra kI sambhavanA nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki apekSaNIya sahakArI kA saMnidhAna, kSaNa meM vibhAgaprayojaka nahIM mAnA jAtA / yadi sahakArI ko kSaNa meM vibhAgaprayojaka mAneMge to kSaNa bhI kSaNAtmaka nahIM raha pAyegI / yadi kaheM ki 'sahakArI kI apekSA hone para kSaNa meM vibhAga hogA to bhI aisA hogA jisa se kSaNa meM koI vikAra nahIM hogA, ataH kSaNikatva akSuNNa banA rahegA / ' aisA to akSaNikavAdI bhI mAna sakatA hai ki akSaNika meM apekSaNIya sahakArI ke saMnidhAna meM vikAra hogA lekina vaha aisA nahIM ki jisa se akSaNikatva ke sAtha virodha ho / avikArI kSaNa bhI jaba parasApekSa mAnA jAtA hai taba avikArI akSaNika ko bhI apekSaNIya para kI apekSA hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM haiM / isa sthiti meM avikArI akSaNika bhAva meM apekSaNIya sahakArI ke saMnidhAna meM krama - yaugapadya se arthakriyAkAritva mAnane meM virodha kI gandha kahA~ haiM ? jaba parApekSA hone meM koI doSa nahIM hai taba pratIti ke anusAra yathAsaMbhava kramika yA akramika arthakriyAkAritva akSaNika meM nipaTa saMgata hai / uparAMta, kSaNa kSaNa meM svajanya samasta kAryoM ko utpanna karate rahane kI Apatti bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki kSaNa kSaNa meM samasta kAryoM ke liye sahakArI nimittoM kA saMnidhAna nahIM hotA / akSaNika ko arthAntarApekSa kA virodha nirarthaka kSaNikavAdI : akSaNika bhAva svayaM akelA yadi samartha ho to vaha akelA hI apanA kArya nipaTAyegA, sahakArI kA mu~ha dekhane kI jarUra nahIM rahegI / yadi svayaM asamartha hogA to anya sahakArI ke saMnidhAna meM bhI vaha samartha nahIM ho pAyegA, kyoMki akSaNikabhAva meM sahakArisaMnidhAna se atizaya kI utpatti mAneMge to atizaya ke bhedAbhedapakSa kI ApattiyA~ hone ke bhaya se, akSaNikabhAva ko anAdheyAtizaya (jisa meM aba kisI naye saMskAra kI mudrA nahIM laga sakatI aisA ) mAneMge, to vaha satata eka svabhAva hI rahegA / tAtparya, sahakArI

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218 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sAmarthye ekakAlayoH sahitayorapi tayorasAmarthyam apracyutA'nutpannapUrvApararUpatvAt / samarthayorapi kiM parasparApekSayeti tayoranyatarat kevalameva janayet nAparam, taddezAvasthAne'pi vaiyarthyAt kAryaniSpatteranyatareNaiva kRtatvAt / ato na sAmagrI janikA bhavet / tathA caikasmAdeva kAryasyottarottarapariNAmAtmatayotpatterna pariNAme'pi kAraNAntarApekSA bhavet, anapekSa(kSya)va kAraNAntarANi pariNAmAntarANi janayet kevalasyaiva sarvatra sAmarthyAt / asAmarthya vibhAgasyAnyasyApi na kiMcit kriyate ityakiMcitkaro'pi tadekakAryakaraNAdanyo yadi tadupakAryabhyupagamyeta tadA'kSaNikasyApyevaM kimupakAri sahakArikAraNaM na bhavet ? 'parasparamekasAmagyadhInatopakArastadupakAravatoH kSaNayoH, tadeva svakAryopayogitvaM tayoH' iti cet ? tahi antyakSaNasyApi svaviSayasarvajJajJAnotpAdanaikasAmagyadhInatAlakSaNa upakAro'stIti sajAtIyakAryopayoMgitvaM kiM na syAt ? athaikasAmagyadhInatopakAritve'pyasAmarthyAnna sajAtIyakAryopayogitvaM cet ? nanvevamekatrA'samarthasyA'nyatra yogivijJAne svagrAhiNi kathaM sAmarthyamiti vaktavyam ? itthaMbhUtasyApi sAmarthya naiyAyikasyApi svagrAhijJAnajananA'samarthasyArthajJAne sAmarthya kiM na syAt - yenArthacintanamutsIdet iti saMnidhAna meM bhI vaha apanA pUrva asamartha svabhAva tyAga kara samarthasvabhAva ko AtmasAta hI kara pAyegA / samartha - asamartha donoM hI vikalpoM meM akSaNika bhAva ko anya sahakArI artha kI apekSA saMgata na hone se, sahakArI kI apekSA se kramika kAryakAritva ghaTa nahIM sktaa| syAdvAdI : kSaNika bhAva pakSa meM bhI yaha prasaMga samAna hI hai / dekhiye - upAdAnakSaNa aura sahakArI kSaNa donoM bhale ekakAlIna ho, saMnihita bhI ho, kintu pratyeka meM svayaM yadi arthakriyAsAmarthya nahIM hogA to milita dazA meM bhI una meM sAmarthya kA praveza sambhava nahIM, kyoMki dUsare ke saMnidhAna meM bhI vaha kSaNa na to apane pUrvasvarUpa (asAmarthya) kA tyAga karegI, na anutpanna (sAmarthya) apara svarUpa kA grahaNa kregii| yadi ve donoM kSaNa svakAryotpAdana ke liye samartha hogI to paraspara kI apekSA kyoM karegI ? una meM se kisI eka se hI kAryotpatti ho jAyegI aura aparakSaNa to udAsa rahegI, yAnI vyartha rahegI, kyoMki usa deza meM rahane para bhI kAryotpatti to apara samartha kSaNa se ho jAnevAlI hai ata: vaha nirarthaka bana jaayegii| natIjA, eka hI kAraNa se kAryotpatti hogI to kAraNasamudAyAtmaka sAmagrI se kAryotpatti kA mata DUba jAyegA / - 'kAryotpatti meM bhale sahakArI kAraNa kI apekSA na rahe kintu pUrva pUrva kAraNakSaNa ko uttarottarakAryapariNAmarUpa meM pariNamana hone ke liye to usa kI apekSA rahegI' - aisA bhI nahIM mAna sakate haiM kyoMki koI eka kArya hI akelA uttarottara pariNAma meM pariNata hone ke liye jaba samartha hai taba anya kAraNoM kI apekSA kiye binA hI vaha apane pariNAmoM ko utpanna kara degA, dUsare kI kyoM apekSA rakhegA ? yadi vaha akelA asamartha rahegA to vaha nirvibhAga anAdheyAtizaya hone se anya sahakArI usa ko kucha bhI sahAyatA nahIM de sakatA / asahAyaka hote hue bhI yadi Apa usa sahakArI ko samAnakAryakArI hone ke AdhAra para upAdAnakSaNa kA upakArI mAnane para tule haiM taba sahakArIkAraNa ko akSaNika bhAva kA bhI upakArI mAnane meM kyA bAdha hai ? paraspara ekasAmagrIadhInatArUpa upakAra kI samIkSA * bauddha - upAdAna sahakArIkSaNayugala meM eka dUsare kA yahI upakAra hai ki paraspara ke kAryoM kI eka sAmagrI ke aMgabhUta honA / isI ko kahate haiM apane kArya meM anya kA upayogI honA /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 219 tasya dUSaNaM syAt ?! ityekatra samarthasyAnyatrApi sAmarthyamabhyupagantavyam anyathaikatrApi na syAdityavastutvaM tasya bhavet / na ca sarvaukasAmagyadhInatopakAraH, minadezakAraNakalApasamavadhAnahetUnAmekasAmagyadhInatopakArAbhAve'pi svakAryopayogopalabdhaH / na ca teSAmapyekasAmagyadhInatopakAraH sambhavati, anvaya-vyatirekAbhyAM parasparotpAdane sAmarthyAnavadhAraNAt teSAm / na hi kuzUlAdisthasya bIjAderudakAdibhAvAnuvidhAnena pratisandhAnamanubhUyate tathApi tatkalpanAyAmatiprasaMgaH / tato naikasAmagyadhInatA'pyupakAraH ityanapekSo'nupakArI syAt, apekSatve akSaNikasyApyapekSApratikSepo'yuktaH syAt / / atha kSaNayoH pRthak sAmarthya nAsti, svahetoH sahitayorevotpannayoH pRthagasamarthayorapi sAmayamabhyupagamyate / nanvevamakSaNikasyApi tadanyasahAyasyaiva sAmarthya kiM nAbhyupagamyate ? 'svahetupratiniyamAd yuktaM kSaNike sAmarthya nA'kSaNika' iti cet ! nanvevamakSaNike'pi svahetupratiniyamAt sAmarthya ko vi syAdvAdI : bIjalI Adi ke antyakSaNa jo sarvajJa-yogI ke svaviSayaka jJAna ko utpanna karate haiM vahA~ bhI paraspara eka sAmagrI adhInatAsvarUpa upakAra maujUda hai, to jaise vaha antyakSaNa vijAtIyakArya meM upayogI banatI hai vaise sajAtIya kArya meM bhI kyoM upayogI nahIM banegI ? bauddha : vahA~ paraspara ekasAmagrIadhInatAsvarUpa upakAra hone para bhI sajAtIyakAryotpAdana kA sAmarthya hI nahIM hotA, isIlaye sajAtIyakAryotpAdana meM vaha upayogI nahIM hotaa| ___syAdvAdI : isa para yaha prazna khaDA hogA ki apane sajAtIyakArya ke liye jo asamartha hai vahI niraMza kSaNa svaviSayaka yogavijJAna ke liye kaise samartha bana jAtA hai ? yadi eka ke liye jo asamartha ho vahI dUsare ke liye samartha ho sakatA hai, to paraprakAzajJAnavAdI naiyAyika ke mata meM - jo jJAna apane prakAzana meM asamartha hai vahI artha ke prakAzana meM samartha kyoM nahIM ho sakegA ? phira kaise Apa usa ke sira para yaha doSa maDha rahe haiM ki 'svaprakAza meM asamartha jJAna artha kA prakAza bhI nahIM kara sakatA ata: artha ke vicAra para hI pUrNavirAma laga jaayegaa|' - yadi doSa denA ho to eka ke liye jo samartha hai usa ko anya ke liye bhI samartha mAnanA paDegA, nahIM to eka ke liye bhI sAmarthya lupta rahegA / phalata: bIjalI Adi kA antyakSaNa arthakriyA ke abhAva meM avastu bana jaayegaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki hara jagaha ekasAmagrIadhInatAsvarUpa hI upakAra hotA hai aisA nahIM hai, kyoMki bhinna bhinna deza meM rahe hue kAraNa-samudAya ko eka sthAna meM juTAne vAle jo hetukalApa hai una meM ekasAmagrIadhInatAsvarUpa upakAra nahIM hotA phira bhI apane apane kArya ke liye upayogI banate dekhe jAte haiM / 'vahA~ bhI ekasAmagrI-adhInatAsvarUpa hI upakAra hai aisA kahanA bekAra hai, kyoMki una hetuoM meM anyonya ke utpAdana meM anvaya-vyatireka se sAmarthya upalabdha nahIM hotA / koThI meM rahA huA bIja svayaM jala-bhUmi Adi bhAvoM kA anuvidhAna karatA ho aisA kahIM anusandhAna hotA nahIM hai, phira bhI vahA~ eka sAmagrI adhInatA mAnane kA Agraha rakheMge to vinA AdhAra ke hI sarvatra usa ko mAnane ke liye bAdhya honA pddegaa| sArAMza, ekasAmagrI-adhInatA yaha sarvasAdhAraNa upakAra nahIM hai / anya prakAra kA bhI koI upakAra sahakArI kA siddha nahIM hai, ata: upakAraprayukta hI apekSA mAneMge to sahakArI bhAva anupakArI hone se apekSaNIya nahIM rahegA, phalata: usa ke abhAva meM bhI kArya janma ho jAyegA / vinA upakAra bhI kisI taraha sahakArI kI apekSA mAneMge to akSaNika meM tathAvidha apekSA kA khaMDana karanA

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220 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rodhaH ? "svahetostadanyApekSayA samarthasyotpannasyA'kSaNikasyAsannidhikAla evA'kSepeNa kAryakAritvaM syAt, anyAnapekSatvAdapekSaNIyasyApi saMnihitatvAduttarottarapariNAmasyApyekatvenA'sattvAd' iti cet ? na, kAlAntaramAvikAryakAritvalakSaNasyA'kSaNikasyAnyApekSatve'pi kAlAntarApekSatvAt kSaNavadakSepeNa na kAryotpAdakatvam / yathA hi anyasahAyasyAye kSaNe samutpannasya kSaNasyA'napekSatve'pi dvitIyakSaNApekSatvAna prathamakSaNa eva kAryArambhakatvam anyathA kArya-kAraNayorekadaivotpatterdvitIyakSaNe jagad vastuzUnyam akSaNikaM vA syAt, tathA'kSaNikasyApi kAlAntarApekSatvAnottarapariNAmApekSakArye'kSepotpAdakatvam / ___ atha prAgakArakasvabhAvasya pazcAdapi kathaM kArakatvam akSaNikasya kArakA'kArakAvasthAbhedAdekatvahAneH ? na, asyA'nyatrApi samAnatvAda / tathAhi- AtmasattAkAle'kArakasvabhAvasyApi kSaNasya dvitIye kSaNe kArakatvam anyathaikakAlatvaM kArya-kAraNayoH syAdityuktam / na caikadA kArakatvamevAnyadA'kArakatvaM Apa ke liye zobhAspada nahIM rhegaa| *parasparasAMnidhya meM sAmarthya svIkAra * bauddha : upAdAna-sahakArI kSaNayugala meM alaga-alaga koI sAmarthya nahIM hotA, kintu jina meM pRthag pRthag koI sAmarthya nahIM hai aise ve apane hetu se isa prakAra hI utpanna hote haiM ki paraspara milane se sAmarthyavAle hote syAdvAdI : kSaNika meM anya saMnidhAna meM milita sAmarthya hone kA mAnate haiM to phira akSaNika meM bhI anya kI sahAyatA milane para sAmarthya hone kA kyo nahIM mAnate ? bauddha : kSaNika bhAva apane hetuoM se hI aisA utpanna hotA hai jo sahakArI kI saMnidhi meM samartha hotA sthAmA syAdvAdI : akSaNika bhAva bhI apane hetuoM se hI aisA utpanna hotA hai ki sahakArI milane para samartha ho jAya / isa meM kyA virodha hai ? bauddha : akSaNika bhAva yadi apane hetuoM se aisA hI utpanna huA hai ki anya sahakArI ko sApekSa rahakara samartha ho jAya, taba prathama kSaNa meM hI vaha sahakArI se milita hI utpanna ho kara avilambena apane sabhI kAryoM ko nipaTA degA, kAlAntara kI pratIkSA nahIM karegA, kyoMki sahakArI se atirikta koI usakA apekSaNIya hai nahIM, aura apane hetuoM se hI sahakArI se saMnihita hI utpanna huA hai / svayaM cira kAla taka eka akhaMDa hI hai isaliye usameM uttarottara pariNAma yA una kI apekSA kA honA bhI asambhava hai| syAvAdI :- akSaNika bhAva apane hetuoM se aisA hI utpanna huA hai ki uttarottara kSaNa sApekSa raha kara uttarottara kSaNa meM apanA kArya nipaTAtA rahe / isa prakAra kAlAntarabhAvikAryakAritva se yukta hI vaha utpanna huA hai ata: sahakArIbhinna kisI kI bhI apekSA na hone para bhI kAlAntarasApekSa hone se tvarita sarva kArya nahIM nipaTA sakatA / jaise Apa kA kSaNika bhAva bhI uttarakSaNasApekSa hone se uttarakSaNa meM hI kArya ko utpanna karatA hai, apane janmakSaNa meM nahIM / kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki jaise kSaNika bhAva apane hetuoM se anyasahAya yukta hI Adya kSaNa meM utpanna hotA hai phira bhI vaha Adya kSaNa meM svakAryakArI nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha dvitIyakSaNa sApekSa hotA hai; yadi aisA nahIM mAneMge to svajanmakSaNa meM hI apane kAryoM ko bhI utpanna kara degA aura phira

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0.2 221 tatreti yuktam, akSaNike'pyasya samAnatvAt / nApi krameNA'kSaNikasyAnekakAryakAritvamayuktaM tatsvabhAvabhedenaikatvahAniprasakteriti vaktavyam, yato nA'kSaNikasyottarakAlabhAvikAryakAritvamanyadekakAryakAritvAt, yataH svabhAvabhedAdekatvaM na syAt akrameNAnekakAryakAryekakSaNavat, kSaNe hyekatropAdAnabhAva evA'nyatra sahakAribhAva ityanekakAryakAritve'pi na svabhAvabhedaH / pUrvAparakAryakAritvayorabhede'pyakSaNike na tadbhAvabhAvikAryANAmakremeNotpattiryuktA, tadutpattipratyayavaikalyAt / tathAhi- yad yadotpitsu kArya tat tadaiva tadutpattipratyayApekSayA, akSaNikasya kartuM sAmarthya prAgevAstIti na svabhAvabhedaH akrameNa kAryotpattirvA / taduktam - 'yad yadA kAryamutpitsu tat tadotpAdanAtmakam / kAraNaM zaktibhede'pi, na bhinnaM kSaNikaM yathA // ' [ ] dvitIya kSaNa meM sArA jagat utpattizUnya yA akSaNika bana jAyegA / ThIka isI taraha akSaNika bhAva bhI uttarottara pariNAma janya kAryoM ke utpAdana meM uttarottara kAla sApekSa hone ke kAraNa AdyakSaNa meM sarva kArya ko nahIM nipaTA sakatA - isa meM koI kSati nahIM hai / * kAraka-akAraka avasthAbheda ekatvavirodhI nahIM prazna :- akSaNika bhAva yadi pUrvakSaNoM meM vivakSita kArya na karane kA svabhAvavAlA ho kara uttarakAla meM kaise usakA kAraka bana sakegA ? yadi eka hI akSaNika meM pUrvottarakSaNa kI apekSA kAraka-akAraka do avasthA mAneMge to avasthAbheda se usa meM bhI bheda prasakta hone se vaha eka-akhaMDa nahIM raha pAyegA / uttara :- kSaNikapakSa meM bhI yaha samasyA samAna hai / dekhiye - apanI utpattikAla meM jo kSaNa akArakasvabhAva hotI hai vahI dvitIyakSaNApekSayA kArakasvabhAva kaise ho sakegI ? yadi aisA svabhAvabheda mAnya kareMge to kSaNabheda prasakta hogA aura svabhAvabheda nahIM mAneMge to prathama kSaNa meM hI dvitIyAdikSaNabhAvi kArya nipaTa jAne se kAraNa-kArya meM samAnakAlInatva doSa-praveza hogA / pahale bhI yaha bAta ho gayI hai / yadi kaheM ki- 'dvitIyakSaNakAryakAritva jo hai vahI AdyakSaNa meM akArakatva rUpa hai- isaliye svabhAvabheda nahIM hai - to yaha kaise yukta ho sakatA hai jaba ki akSaNika bhAvapakSa meM bhI samAnatarka se svabhAvabheda kA nivAraNa zakya hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya- 'akSaNikabhAva pakSa meM kramaza: anekakAryakAritA saMgata nahIM hogI kyoMki uttarottara kSaNa meM svabhAvaparivartana ho jAne se usa meM sakhaMDatA prasakta hogI'- to yaha kathana ayukta hai / kAraNa, akSaNikabhAva meM jo pUrvakSaNoM meM vivakSita eka kAryakAritva hai vaha uttara kSaNoM meM uttara kAlabhAvikAryakAritva se koI atirikta svabhAva rUpa nahIM hai jisa se ki svabhAvabhedaprayukta sakhaMDatA ko avakAza mile / kSaNikavAdI bhI ekakSaNa meM ekasAtha jo anekakAryakAritva mAnatA hai vaha tattatkAryabheda prayojaka svabhAvabheda se nahIM mAnatA hai, anyathA svabhAvabhedamUlaka sakhaMDatA kSaNikapakSa meM bhI prasakta hogI / svabhAvabheda TAlane ke liye to kahA jAtA hai ki eka hI kSaNa sajAtIyakSaNotpatti meM upAdAnabhAva se kAraNa hotI hai vahI upAdAnabhAva anyasaMtAnIyakSaNotpatti ke liye sahakArIbhAva rUpa hotA hai, bhinna nahIM hotA; isa prakAra anekakAryakAritva ko ghaTA kara Apa svabhAvabheda ko TAlate Aye haiN| isI taraha akSaNika meM bhI pUrvakAryakAritva aura uttarakAryakAritva svabhAva abhinna hI hotA hai lekina usa ke prati jo Apa yaha Apatti dete haiM ki uttarakAryakAritvasvabhAva pUrvakSaNa meM hone se eka sAtha pUrvottara kAryoM kA janma ho jAyegA vaha Apatti niravakAza hai kyoMki uttarakAryakAritvasvabhAva uttarakAlIna utpatti ke nimittoM ko sApekSa

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atha vidyamAno'pi kAryakAraNabhAvo'kSaNike duravaseyaH vyatirekAbhAvAt / asadetat; utpattimato'vyApino'kSaNikasyotpatteH prAganyatra vA'sato dezakAlavyatirekAt kathaM vyatirekAbhAvaH ? kAlavyApino'pi ca nityasya dezavyatirekAt / sarvatra cAyameva vyatireko na vyatirekAntaramasti / yato na kazcidagnyAdikAraNasAmAnyavyatirekI kAlo vidyate, kAlavyatirekiNo vizeSasyaiva kAraNatve'pi sAmAnyopAdAnam sAmAnya eva pratibandhAvadhAraNAd anyathA vyApsyasiddhiH / yato yadeva pratibandhAvadhAraNakAle pratibaddhasya pratibandhaviSayatayA'vadhAryate tasyaiva kAlavyatireko'nyo vA darzanIyaH / na cAsti tathAbhUtasya kAlavyatireka iti sarvatra dezavyatireka eva yuktaH asya sarvatra sambhavAt, vyapino'pi nityasyAvyatire 222 hotA hai aura ve nimitta pUrvakSaNa meM na hone se pUrvakSaNa meM uttarakArya kA janma sambhava hI nahIM hai / aisA mAnanA nitAnta ucita hai, kyoMki jo kArya jisa kSaNa meM utpanna hone vAlA hai vaha tatkAlIna utpatti ke nimittoM ko AdhIna hI hotA hai, aura tattat nimitta sApekSa hokara una kAryoM ko utpanna karane kA sAmarthya pahale se hI akSaNika bhAva meM vAsa karatA hai ataH svabhAvabheda bhI niravakAza hai / aura eka sAtha pUrvottarakAryoM kA janma bhI niravakAza hai jaise ki kahA hai| - "kSaNika bhAva jaise upAdAna- sahakArizaktibheda ke bAvajuda bhinna nahIM hotA vaise hI, jo kArya jaba utpanna hone vAlA hai usa ko usI kAla meM utpanna karane vAlA kAraNa (akSaNika hone para bhI ) zaktibheda se bhinna nahIM hotA / " akSaNika kA deza-kAla vyatireka durlabha nahIM buddha :- Apa ke kathana anusAra akSaNika meM kAraNa kAryabhAva mAna le to alaga bAta hai, anyathA vaha vyatirekazUnya hone se nizcayArUda nahIM hotA / ' akSaNika bhAva ke na hone para kArya kA na honA' aisA vyatireka durlabha hai kyoMki akSaNika bhAva sadAsthAyI hone se usakA abhAva milanA kaThina hai / I syAdvAdI :- yaha bAta galata hai / akSaNika bhAva bhI utpattizIla hone se utpatti ke pUrva usakA abhAva hotA hai, evaM vaha sarvadezavyApI na hone para anya deza meM usakA abhAva milatA hai, isa prakAra deza - kAla donoM meM usakA abhAva mila sakatA hai to vyatirekAbhAva kaise ? koI akSaNika bhAva nitya hotA hai to yadyapi vaha kAlavyApI hone se usakA kAlikavyatireka nahIM milegA, phira bhI dezavyApi na hone para anya deza meM to vyatireka mila sakatA hai / kAlavyApI padArthoM meM sarvatra dezavyatireka ke sivA aura koI vyatireka hotA nahIM hai / kAraNa, dhUmasAmAnya ke jo aniAdi kAraNa sAmAnya hai usakA kisI kAla meM vyatireka nahIM milatA, kyoMki hara eka kAla meM koI na koI sAmAnya agni to hotA hI hai / yadyapi dhUma kA utpAdaka sAmAnya agni na ho kara vizeSa agni hI hotA hai, aura usa kA to anya kAla meM vyatireka mila sakatA hai kintu phira bhI yahA~ hama ana Adi kAraNa sAmAnya kA ullekha isa abhiprAya se kara rahe haiM ki kAraNa- kAryabhAva sambandha kA grahaNa vizeSa - vizeSa meM na ho kara sAmAnya - sAmAnya meM hI hotA hai / aisA nahIM mAneMge to sarvasAdhAraNa vyAptigraha bhI nahIM ho sakegA / kAraNa, avinAbhAvasvarUpa pratibandha ke avadhAraNa kAla meM pratibandha ke sambandhI rUpa meM jisa bhAva kA avadhAraNa kiyA gayA ho usI kA kAlavyatireka yA dezavyatireka kAraNatA ke nizcaya meM upayogI hotA hai / yadi vaha pratibandha avadhAraNa vyaktivizeSa meM kiyA rahA hogA taba to vaha anyavyakti meM kAraNatA ke avadhAraNa

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223 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 kAt sAmarthyAnavadhAraNe'pi tatsambhavA'virodhAt saMdigdhA'siddho'kSaNike hetuH syAt / athAnvayAdapi sAmarthya nizcIyate na kevalAdeva vyatirekAt atiprasaMgAt, na cAtrAnvayo'sti prAgavikale'pi kAraNe kAryAnutpatteH avikale ca kAraNe kAryamanutpanaM tasyA'janakAtmakatvaM sUcayati, pazcAdapi janakatvavirodhAt tasyaikasvabhAvatvAt / na, asya dUSaNasyA'nyatrApi samAnatvAt / tathAhi - prathame kSaNe'vikalepyantyakAraNasAmagrIvizeSe kAryAnutpatteravizeSAd dvitIye'pi kSaNe kAryotpattivirodhaH syAt / evamanvaya-vyatirekAbhyAmavyApini nitye'kSaNike ca sAmarthyasiddheH asiddho'rthakriyAvirodha ityarthakriyAlakSaNasattvaviziSTaM kRtakatvaM na nivartayitumalam / etena sAmAnyasya nityatvAdarthakriyAkAritvena nirastamavastutvam / na ca 'sAmAnyabhAviniH kAyasyaivA'sambhavAt tasyAnarthakriyAkAritvam na nityatvAt, na hi jAtirvAhadohAdikAryakAriNI avizeSe'pi tasyAH kAryavizeSAt viziSTe vA tadekatvahAnaH' iti vaktuM yuktam, yato na vAha-dohAdikamajJAnarUke liye upayogI nahIM hotA, ata: sAmAnya meM hI vaha pratibandha avadhAraNa hone kA mAnanA hogaa| aba sAmAnya kA kAlavyatireka to nahIM milegA, isa liye vahA~ dezavyatireka hI khojanA nyAyasaMgata hai; kyoMki vaha sabhI vastu kA mila sakatA hai / yadi nitya kAlavyApI padArtha kA kisI deza meM vyatirekanizcaya na ho sakA, taba bhI usake hone kA saMdeha to banA rahatA hai, isa prakAra akSaNika bhAva meM kAraNa-kAryabhAva ke viraha ko siddha karane ke liye jo vyatirekAbhAva hetu kahA gayA thA vaha saMdigdhAsiddhi doSa se duSTa hai / akSaNika meM ananvaya-sahacAra viraha zaMkA kA uttara yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "sirpha vyatireka se hI kAraNatA kA nizcaya nahIM hotA, anvaya bhI usa meM kAryasAmarthya ko nizcita karane ke liye Avazyaka hotA hai / yadi sirpha vyatireka se hI kAraNatA mAna leMge to rAsabhAdi meM bhI ghaTAdikAraNatA kA atiprasaMga ho sakatA hai / prastuta akSaNika bhAva meM vivakSita anvaya nahIM milatA, kyoMki kAryaakaraNa(pUrva)kAla meM bhI kAraNabhUta akSaNika bhAva acuka upasthita rahatA hai lekina kArya utpanna nahIM hotA hai / acuka upasthiti hone para bhI yadi kAryotpatti nahIM hotI to usa se yahI sUcita hogA ki vaha kAryajanakasvabhAvavAlA nahIM hai / svabhAva to Adi se anta taka eka hI rahatA hai isaliye uttara kAla meM bhI ajanakasvabhAva jArI rahane se kAryotpatti kabhI nahIM hogii|" to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kSaNikavAda meM bhI aisA dUSaNa sAvakAza hai / dekhiye- dvitIyakSaNa meM kArya ko utpanna karanevAlI paripUrNa aMtima kAraNasAmagrI prathama kSaNa meM bhI upasthita rahatI hai phira bhI usa kSaNa meM kArya utpanna nahIM hotA, isaliye usa meM ajanaka svabhAva mAnanA paDegA, vahI dvitIya kSaNa meM bhI jArI rahegA, phalata: dvitIya kSaNa meM kAryotpatti virodhagrasta ho jAyegI / isaliye akSaNika meM aisA doSa dikhAnA vyartha hai| anvaya-vyatireka se avyApaka nitya meM athavA akSaNika meM kAryajananAnukula sAmarthya uparokta tarIke se berokaToka siddha hotA hai| isakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki akSaNika meM arthakriyA kA koI virodha nahIM hai / ata: vyApakIbhUta arthakriyA kI nivRtti se, arthakriyAtmaka sattva se viziSTa kRtakatva kI bhI akSaNika bhAva se nivRtti mAna lenA azakya hai / arthAt kRtakatva hetu kI vipakSa se vyAvRtti siddha nahIM hotii|

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224 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pameva kAryam yatastadabhAvAdavastutvaM syAt yAvatA vijJAnalakSaNamapi kAryamarthAnAmastIti kathaM tatkaraNe'pi sAmAnyasyA'va- stutvam zabdAdyantakSaNavat ? atha kevalAdeva sAmAnyAt tadAhijJAnasadbhAve tadeva tena gRhyate na kadAcid vyaktiriti vyaktestatsambandhitvenA'grahaNAd na vyaktau tataH pravRttiH syAt, vyaktisahAyAt sAmAnyAt tajjJAnotpattau kathaM vyaktInAmekajJAne pratyekaM tAsAmabhAve'pi sAmAnyasadbhAvabhAvini sAmarthyAvadhAraNam ? ityubhayathA'pi jJAna-kriyA'sambhavAt kathaM tathApi tadvastutvam ? asadetat, vyaktInAmanyatamavyaktisavyapekSasyaiva sAmAnyasya tatra sAmarthyAt kuvindAderivAnyatamavemA'pekSasya, na hi pratyeka vemA'bhAve kuvindaH paTaM karotIti kuvindAdeva paTotpattiH vemarahitAdanutpatteH / evamekaikavyaktyapAye vijJAnotpattAvapi na kevalameva sAmAnyaM taddhetuH anyatamavyaktyapekSasyaiva sAmarthyAt / *nitya sAmAnya ke vastutva kA samarthana * __ akSaNika bhAva nitya hone para bhI arthakriyAkArI ho sakatA hai yaha tathya aba prakaTa ho gayA hai, taba jo sAmAnya ke virodha meM kahA jAtA hai ki- 'nitya hone ke kAraNa sAmAnya meM arthakriyA sambhava na hone se vaha avastu hai - yaha parAsta ho jAtA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya- 'nityatA ke AdhAra para hama sAmAnya meM arthakriyA kA niSedha nahIM karate kintu sAmAnya ke dvArA kisI bhI kArya kA janma saMbhava nahIM hai isa liye usameM arthakriyA kA niSedha karate haiM / yaha suvidita hai ki bhAravahana dohanAdi kriyA jAtijanya nahIM hotI / jAti to sarvatra eka hotI hai phira bhI kabhI alpabhAravahana, atibhAravahanAdi bhinna bhinna kArya dekhe jAte haiM, ata: ve jAtijanya nahIM ho sakate / yadi jAti meM bhI kucha vizeSatA ko mAnya kareMge to usa kA ekatva khaMDita ho jAyegA / '- aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki duniyA meM vAha-dohanAdi sirpha jJAnabhinna hI kArya nahIM hote, jina ke na kara sakane se sAmAnya avastu bana jAya / are ! jJAnotpatti bhI arthakriyArUpa hai, jaise bIjalI-zabdAdi ke antya kSaNa ko sirpha yogijJAna ke janaka hone se vastubhUta mAnate ho aise hI sAmAnya bhI svaviSayaka jJAna kA janaka hone se vastubhUta hai, avastu kaise ? jAti kI jJAnajanakatA kA upapAdana bauddha :- sAmAnyagrAhi jJAna, vyakti ke sahakAra se utpanna hogA yA vyakti vinirmukta kevala jAti se ? yadi kevala jAti se utpanna hogA to vaha tajjanya hone se kevala jAti kA hI grAhaka hogA, vyakti kA nahIM / phalata: jAti ke sambandhirUpa meM bhI vyakti kA grahaNa na hone se, vyakti ke viSaya meM kisI kI pravRtti hI nahIM hogI / yadi vyakti ke sahakAra se sAmAnyajanya jJAna utpanna hogA to jahA~ jahA~ sAmAnyajanya jJAna utpanna hotA hai vahA~ sarvatra niyata eka vyakti nahIM hotI, kabhI eka vyakti aura kabhI dUsarI vyakti hotI hai, isa sthiti meM pratiniyata vyakti ke abhAva meM sAmAnya meM jJAnajanana sAmarthya kaise taya hogA ? syAdvAdI :- pratiniyata vyakti sarvatra na hone para bhI itanA to taya ho sakatA hai ki anyatama (=koI bhI eka) vyakti sApekSa hI sAmAnya jJAnotpatti ke liye samartha hotA hai ata: kevala sAmAnya se jJAnotpatti pakSa meM diye gaye 'vyakti meM apravRtti' dUSaNa ko avakAza nahIM hai / udA0 tantuvAya (=julAhA) bhI anyatama vemasaMjJaka upakaraNa sApekSa ho kara hI vastra ko bunatA hai / pratiniyata vema-vyakti ke abhAva meM bhI tantuvAya vastra bunatA hai isakA matalaba yaha nahIM hai ki kevala tantuvAya se hI vasrotpatti hotI hai, kyoMki pratiniyata vema

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225 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 -"anupakArakasyAnapekSaNIyatvAt, sAmAnyopakAre tatastajjJAnasyaivopakAraH kiM nepyate ? kiM sAmAnyopakAreNa ? bhinnAnAmekArthakriyA na sambhavatIti sAmAnyamekamiSTam, tAzced vyaktayo nAnAtve'pyekaM sAmAnyamupakurvanti kastAsAM tajjJAnenAparAdhaH kRtaH yatastAstajjJAnameva nopakurvanti ? kAryazca tAsAM prAptaH sAmAnyAtmA, tato labhyAtizayasyAnantaratvAt, arthAntaratve sambandhAnupapattiH" - ityapyacodyam, yato na bhinnAnAmekArthakriyAvirodhAt sAmAnyamiSTam kintu bhinneSvabhinnAbhAsAt sAkSAdarpitatadAkArA buddhiH sAmAnyamantareNendriyabuddhivanna sambhavatItyabhinnasAmAnyavAdibhiH sAmAnyamiSTam / yadi vA(cA)''dhipatyamAtreNendriyAdInAM rUpatvAbhAve'pi rUpajJAnajananavadihApi vyaktInAmAdhipatyamAtreNopayogo'bhyupagamyate tadA vyaktipvindriyAdivadarpitatadAkArA buddhirabhinnapratibhAsinI na syAt / na ca svalakSaNasya vikalpabuddhAvapratibhAsanAt naivArpitatadAkArA buddhirabhinnapratibhAsinIti vaktavyam, 'vikalpAH svalakSaNaviSayA na santi' na hone para bhI koI eka vema hotA hai tabhI vasrotpatti hotI hai usake atyantAbhAva hone para nahIM hotI / isI taraha eka eka pratiniyata vyakti ke na hone para sAmAnya se jJAna utpanna hotA hai isa kA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki kevala sAmAnya hI jJAnotpatti kA hetu hai / anyatamavyakti sApekSa sAmAnya meM hI jJAnajanana sAmarthya hotA sAmAnya ke vinA samAnAkAra buddhi kA asaMbhava bauddha :-yahA~ eka AzaMkA hai ki sApekSatA kA artha hai upakAra honA / jo upakAra nahIM karatA usa kI kahIM bhI apekSA nahIM kI jAtI / yaha upakAra sAmAnya ke Upara nahIM kintu jJAna ke Upara hotA hai / jJAna ke badale sirpha sAmAnya ke Upara upakAra mAnane kA koI matalaba nahIM hai, kyoMki sAmAnya ke Upara upakAra ke dvArA jJAnopakAra to mAnanA hI hogA to phira sIdhA hI jJAnopakAra kyoM na mAnanA ? sAmAnyopakAra kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM se eka arthakriyA sambhavita nahIM hai aisA samajha kara hI Apa anekavyaktianusyUta eka sAmAnya ko svIkArate haiM / taba yahA~ prazna honA sahaja hai ki jaba vyakti-vyakti meM bheda hone para bhI jJAnotpatti ke liye jAti ke Upara upakAra karate haiM to usa jJAna ne hI una vyaktiyoM kA kyA bigADA hai ki vyaktiyoM kA jJAna ke Upara sIdhA upakAra nahIM hotA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi apekSAtmaka 'vyaktikRta atizaya' jAti ke Upara hone kA jo mAnA jAtA hai vaha atizaya yadi jAti se abhinna hai to, atizayarUpa upakAra vyaktijanya hone se tadabhinna jAti bhI vyaktijanya ho jAyegI / yadi vyaktikRta atizaya jAti se bhinna mAneMge to usa kA jAti ke sAtha koI sambandha na bana skegaa| . syAdvAdI :- aisA dUSaNa aprayojya hai / kAraNa, bhinna bhinna vyakti se eka arthakriyA asambhavita hone se eka sAmAnya kI kalpanA hama karate haiM aisI bAta hI nahIM / hamArA mata yaha hai ki bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM meM bhI abheda kA bhAsa hotA hai usake phalasvarUpa abhedAkAra viziSTa aparokSa buddhi utpanna hotI hai, yaha buddhi eka anusyUta sAmAnyAtmaka Alambana ke vinA ThIka usI taraha nahIM ho sakatI jaise ghaTAdi Alambana ke vinA tadviSayaka sAkSAt buddhi nahIM hotI / aba Apa samajha gaye hoMge ki hama abhinna eka sAmAnya ke pakSakAra kyoM eka sAmAnyabhUta padArtha kA svIkAra karate haiM ! bauddha :- jaise indriya-mana: Adi meM koI eka rUpatvasAmAnya na hone para bhI sirpha eka prakAra ke Adhipatya

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ityasyA'siddheH / ' spaSTAkAravivekAt te tadviSayA na sambhavanti' iti cet ? dRzyamapi spaSTAkAraM pratikSipan vikalpeSu pratItyapalApitvAdayamupekSAmarhatIti na bhinnAnAmekajJAnopakArazaktirekasAmAnyopakArazaktibadabhyupagantuM yuktA, na vA vyaktInAM sAmAnyopakArazaktiH sAmAnyasyA'nAdheyAtizayatvAt / 'kathaM tarhi tasya tatrApekSA' iti cet ? kSaNavat tadekakAryakAritvena, iti kathamekasAmAnyopakArabalAt sAmAnyajJAnopakAraka (ma) sAmAnyavAdI vyaktInAM sAdhayet vyaktikAryatvaM vA sAmAnyasyeti jJAnalakSaNakAryakAriNaH sAmAnyasya nA'vastutvam / na vA'bhidheyatvAt sAmAnyasyA'vastutvam, asya hetorvipakSAd vyAvRttyasiddheH / atha vastuno'bhidheyatve sAkSAcchandAdeva vastuno jJAnAdindriyasaMhatervaikalyaM syAt, na caivam, ato vipakSAd vyAvRttisiddhiH prakRtahetoH / asadetat zabdAd vastuno'spaSTAkArapratItasya spaSTAkArapratItyarthamindriyasaMhatirupajAyate iti kathamindriyasaMhatervaiphalyam yato vastuno'nabhidheyatvaM siddhayet ? ekasyApi vastunaH spaSTA'spaSTapratibhAsabhedaH ( adhikAra vizeSa ) se eka rUpabuddhi kI utpatti indriyAdi ke dvArA hotI hai; vaise hI eka sAmAnyAlambana ke vinA bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM ke dvArA sirpha Adhipatya mAtra ke bala se eka jJAna utpanna ho sakatA hai / syAdvAdI :hA~, utpanna hogA, lekina usa meM yaha aniSTa bhI hogA ki indriyAdi ke Adhipatya se utpanna buddhi jaise vizeSa AkAra se mudrita hotI hai, sAmAnyAkAra mudrita nahIM hotI, vaise hI vyaktiyoM ke Adhipatya se utpanna buddhi bhI bhinna bhinna vyakti ke AkAra se mudrita hone ke kAraNa abhedAvabhAsinI nahIM hogI / bauddha :- jo vikalpabuddhi hai vaha kabhI svalakSaNapratibhAsI hotI hI nahIM hai ataH svalakSaNAkAra se mudrita buddhi abhinna sAmAnyAvabhAsI nahIM hotI / 226 syAdvAdI : vikalpabuddhi svalakSaNaviSayaka nahIM hotI aisA kahanA anucita hai, svalakSaNaviSayatA kA abhAva asiddha hai / bauddha : vikalpa vizadAkAra nahIM hotA isaliye vaha svalakSaNaviSayaka nahIM ho sakatA / syAdvAdI :- vikalpa meM bhI spaSTAkAra kA darzana- anubhava hotA hai| phira bhI Apa isa anubhava kA apalApa kara rahe haiM isa liye upekSApAtra haiM / tAtparya, bhinna bhinna vyaktiyoM meM eka sAmAnya ko upakAra karane kI zakti kA udAharaNa le kara eka jJAna kI upakAraka zakti kA ApAdana karanA ucita nahIM hai / are, hama to vyaktiyoM meM eka sAmAnyopakAraka zakti bhI nahIM mAnate haiM, kyoMki sAmAnya ke Upara vyaktiyoM ke dvArA kisI atizaya kA AdhAna hama nahIM mAnate haiM / ' to phira jJAnotpatti ke liye sAmAnya ko vyakti kI apekSA hotI hai- isa kathana kA kyA matalaba ?' isa prazna kA yaha uttara hai ki sAmAnya, vyakti se mila-jula kara eka jJAnAtmaka kArya karatA hai / jaise kSaNikavAda meM upAdAna kSaNa sahakArIkSaNa se mila-jula kara eka uttarakSaNa ko utpanna karatA hai / jaba hama eka sAmAnya kA upakAra hI nahIM mAnate taba usake bala se asAmAnyavAdI (bauddha) kaise vyaktiyoM ke dvArA eka sAmAnyajJAna kA upakAra siddha karane kI AzA rakhate haiM ? athavA upakAra abhinna sAmAnya meM vyaktijanyatva ke ApAdana kI AzA bhI kaise rakha sakate haiM ? sArAMza, sAmAnya jJAnAtmaka arthakriyA kA janaka hai, isaliye avastubhUta nahIM hai / abhidheyatva hetu se avastutvasiddhi azakya 'sAmAnya avastubhUta hai kyoMki abhidheya hai' yaha anumAna ayukta hai, kyoMki vipakSabhUta 'vastu' meM abhidheyatva

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 227 sAmagrIbhedAt dUrAsannAdibhedena spaSTA'spaSTapratibhAsAdibhedavat / ekasmin vRkSAdisvalakSaNe spaSTe'spazavabhAsino'pi zAbdajJAnasya kAcAbhrakAdivyavahitavastupratijJAnavat dUrasthavRkSAdidarzanavad vA na bhrAntatvam / nidarzanajJAnasyApi bhrAntatve pramANadvayAnantarbhUtasyAsyAjJAtavastuprakAza-saMvAdAbhyAM pramANAntarabhAvaH syAt / na cA "'spaSTavRkSAdipratibhAsasya 'mamaivaM pratibhAso yo na saMsthAna(vi)varjitaH / evamanyatra dRSTatvAdanumAnaM tathA sati // [ ] ityevamanumAne'ntarbhAvAt na pramANAntaratvam, anumAnasya ca svapratibhAsinyanarthe'rthAdhyavasAyena pravRtterdhAntatvam bhrAntasyApi ca tasya pAramparyeNa vastupratibandhAt prAmANyam" iti vaktavyama; nirvikalpakajJAnapratikSepaprastAvenA'sya vicArayiSyamANatvAt / na cA'sadbhUta-bhaviSyatorapi sAmAnyanibandhanazabdapravRtteH sAmAnyasyA'vastudharmatvenA'vastutvam bhUtabhaviSyatkAlasambandhitayA tayorbhAvAt / na cedAnIM tayorabhAvAdavastutvam, svajJAnakAle'dhyakSaviSayasyApyasambhavAdavastutvaprasakteH / atha yadi nAmA'tItA'nAgatayostatkAlasambandhitayA bhAvAd vastutvam tathApi hetu kA sarvathA abhAva asiddha hai / yadi aisA vipakSabAdhaka tarka kiyA jAya ki- vastu yadi abhidheya hogI to zabdazravaNa hote hI vastu kA jJAna ho jAne se indriyavarga bekAra bana jAyegA, indriyavarga bekAra nahIM hai, ata: vastu meM zabdAbhidheyatva kA abhAva siddha hotA hai / - to yaha galata tarka hai / vastu kA zAbdabodha ho jAne para indriyavarga bekAra ho jAne kA bhaya bebunIyAda hai kyoMki zabda se vastu kA aspasTAkAra bodha hotA hai isa liye spaSTAkAra bodha ke liye indriyavarga kI upayogitA nirbAdha rahatI hai, taba usake bekAra ho jAne kA bhaya kyoM, jisa se ki vastu meM anabhidheyatva kI siddhi kI jA sake ? yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki 'eka hI vastu kA spaSTa-aspaSTa aise dvividha pratibhAsa kaise ?' kyoMki dUra-samIpa ke bheda se eka hI vRkSAdi kA jaise spaSTa-aspaSTa dvividha anubhava sarvavidita hai aise hI zabda aura indriyarUpa sAmagrI ke bheda se spaSTAspaSTa dvividha pratibhAsa hone meM koI bAdha nahIM / 'vRkSAdi yadi spaSTa svarUpavAlA hai to usameM aspaSTAvabhAsI zAbdabodha ko bhrAnta samajhanA cAhiye' aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki dIvAra Adi eka hI vastu kAca athavA abhrakAdi dravya se AcchAdita hone para usakA aspaSTAbhAsa jo bodha hotA hai vaha bhrAnta nahIM mAnA jAtA / athavA dUra rahe hue AmravRkSa kA sirpha 'vRkSa' ('Amra' aisA nahIM) itanA hI aspaSTAvabhAsI darzana hotA hai vaha bhI bhrAnta nahIM mAnA jAtA / aise hI zAbdabodha bhI bhrAnta nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yadi kAcAdiAcchAdita vastu ke jJAna ko athavA dUrastha vRkSAdi ke jJAna ko bhrAnta mAneMge to usa kA pratyakSa-anumAna meM antarbhAva zakya na hone se tRtIya pramANa kI Apatti hogI / kAraNa, bhrAnta hone se use pratyakSarUpa nahIM mAna sakate, evaM liMgajanya na hone se usa ko anumAna bhI nahIM kaha sakate / dUsarI ora, agRhItavastugrAhI evaM avisaMvAdI hone se pratyakSa yA anumAna kI taraha usako pramANa to mAnanA pddegaa| 'mamaivaM pratibhAso0' isa zloka kA AdhAra le kara yadi aisA kahA jAya ki- "yaha jo merA (aspaSTa) aisA pratibhAsa hai vaha isa prakAra ke vastu-saMsthAna se avarjita hai kyoMki aisA anyatra bhI dekhA gayA hai' isa prakAra ke saMsthAnavizeSa ke anumAna se hI aspaSTa vRkSAdi kA pratibhAsa hotA hai- isaliye usakA anumAna meM antarbhAva yogya hai / ataH tRtIya pramANa hone kA bhaya nahIM hai / anumAna sva meM bhAsamAna anarthabhUta sAmAnya

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228 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kathaM kAlaviprakRSTasyAtItAderasambandhAt dhvanirgamako bhevat ? na, pAramparyeNAtItAdinA taddarzanadvArAyAtasya zabdasya pratibandhAd, vyAptigrahaNAyA'tItAdiviSayAnumAnasyeva / na caivamatiprasaMgaH, anumAne'pi prasaMgAt / 'AsIdagniH' ityAdizruteH avisaMvAdo'pi viziSTabhasmAdikAryadarzanotpannAnumAnapravRttilakSaNaH kacidastyeva, anAgatArthaviSaye nu(tu) vAkye candragrahaNopadezAdau pratyakSapramANe(?Na)pravRttilakSaNo'nubhUyata eva / 'abhUd rAjA zrIharSAdiH' 'bhaviSyati zaMkhacakravartI ityAdizruterna pratibandhAbhAvo'visaMvAdAbhAve'pi tadupadeSTuH tadarzanasyAbhAvA'siddheH / 'bhAvo'pi kathaM siddhaH' iti cet ? ata eva saMzayo'stu, na caitAvatA pratibandhabhAvaH sidhyati, saMzayastu syAt yathA anarthitvAdapravRttasya prathamotpannapratyakSe / na caikatra saMzaye sarvatra saMzayaH, pratyakSe'pi prasaMgAt / saMzayitapratibandhAt tu vAkyAt saMzayAdapi pravRttiH yathA'nabhyAsAvasthAyAM avastu meM bhI vastutva kA adhyavasAyI hotA hai isaliye bhrAnta hai / bhrAnta hote hue bhI paramparayA svalakSaNa se saMlagna hotA hai isaliye maNiprabhA meM maNibuddhi kI taraha pramANa mAnA jAtA hai"- to aisA kathana ayogya hai kyoMki dUrastha vRkSAdi ke jJAna meM sAkSAtkAra kA hI anubhava hotA hai anumAnAtmakatA kA nahIM, phira bhI Age nirvikalpajJAnavAda ke niSedha kA avasara AyegA usa vakta isa ke bAre meM vicAra kara leNge| bhUta aura bhaviSya sarvathA asat nahIM yadi yaha kahA jAya - sAmAnyAvalambi zabdapravRtti bhUta aura bhaviSyakAlina padArthoM meM bhI hotI hai, isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki sAmAnya bhUta-bhaviSyat asat padArthoM kA bhI dharma hai, jo asat-avastu kA dharma ho vaha svayaM bhI asat yA avastu hI honA cAhiye / - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki bhUta aura bhaviSyat bhAva sarvathA asat nahIM hote, apane apane kAla ke sambandhirUpa meM ve bhI apane apane kAla meM sat hI hote haiM / yadi vartamAna meM bhUta-bhaviSya ke na hone mAtra se use asat mAnA jAya taba to apane jJAnakAla meM yAnI dUsare kSaNa meM pratyakSa kA viSaya svalakSaNa kA bhI astitva nahIM hotA to vaha bhI avastu mAnanA hogA / prazna :- bhUta-bhaviSyat bhAva ko apane apane kAla meM sat hone se vasturUpa mAna liyA jAya to bhI prazna yaha hai ki jo kAla se vyavahita hai (dUravartI hai) aise bhUta-bhAvi padArthoM ke sAtha, vinA kisI sambandha ke zabda kaise una kA bodhaka ho sakegA ? ____ uttara :- zabda vartamAnakAlIna hai aura artha bhUta yA bhaviSyatkAlIna hai, phira bhI paramparA se zabda una bhUta-bhAvi arthoM ke darzana ke sAtha sambaddha hotA hai, kyoMki zabdaprayoga paramparayA darzanamUlaka hI hotA hai isa liye vaha bhUta-bhAvi bhAva kA bhI bodhaka ho sakatA hai / jaise, bhUta-bhAvi bhAva ke anumAna ke liye una ke asat hote hue bhI vyAptijJAna se usakA grahaNa mAnA jAtA hai, vahA~ paramparayA hI liMga ko bhUta-bhAvi bhAvoM ke sAtha sambaddha mAnA jAtA hai / yadi kaheM ki- isa taraha yadi bhUta-bhAvi bhAvoM kA bhI zabda se bodha mAneMge to zabda se trikAlajJAna ho jAne kA atiprasaMga hogA- to aisA atiprasaMga bhUta-bhAvi bhAva grAhaka anumAna ke bAre meM bhI prasakta hogA / "yahA~ agni thA' ityAdi zabda visaMvAdI hai aisA bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki 'yahA~ agni thA' ina zabdoM ko sunane ke bAda vahA~ viziSTa guNadharmayukta bhasma ko dekha kara, kArya bhasma se kAraNa agni ke anumAna kI pravRtti hotI hai isa taraha kabhI kabhI avisaMvAda bhI upalabdha hotA hai / bhAvi padArtha ke bodhaka, candra-sUryagrahaNAdi kA sUcaka kisI jyotirvid ke vAkya kA bhI bAda meM pravRtta hone vAle pratyakSa se avisaMvAda

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229 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pratyakSAt / abhyastaviSaye tu candragrahaNopadezAdenizcayAdeva tRtIyAdipravRttAvivAdhyakSAt kvacid visaMvAdAt zabdasya sarvatrAprAmANye'dhyakSasyApi kacid visaMvAdAt sarvatrAprAmANyaprasaktiH / na cAspaSTAvabhAsitvAt bhUtAderavastutvam adhyakSaviSayasyApi kasyacit tathAbhAvenA'vastutvaprasakteH / tana sAmAnyasyA'vastutvam / abhyupagamavAdena ca nityasAmAnyapakSabhAvidoSaparihAraH kRtaH, paramArthatastu naikAntataH kiMcid vastu nityamanityaM vA, bahiH nava-purANAyanekakramabhAviparyAyAkrAntasya samAnA'samAnapariNAmAtmakasyaikasya ghaTAdeH, antazca harSa-viSAdAyanekavivarttAtmakasya caitanyasyA'bAdhitapratItiviSayasya vyavasthitatvAt / tanaikAntataH kSaNikatvaM vyaktInAmiti saMketavyavahArakAlavyApakatvasya bhAvAt na tatra zabdasaMketA'sambhavaH, nApi saMketavaiyarthyam / ata eva 'utpannA'nutpanneSu svalakSaNeSu zabdasaMketasyA'zakyakriyatvAt svalakSaNasyA'vAcyatvam' iti yaduktaM tad nirastam / [pR. 23 paM0 5] upalabdha hotA hai| avisaMvAda ke viraha meM bhI saMzaya se pravRtti yadyapi 'zrIharSa Adi rAjA ho gaye' athavA 'zaMkha cakravartI hone vAlA hai' ityAdi vAkyoM ke samarthana meM koI avisaMvAda upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi vahA~ sambandha kA abhAva hai aisA to nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki aise vAkyoM ke upadezaka ko una tathyoM kA darzana nahIM thA' yaha bAta asiddha hai / prazna kiyA jAya ki- vaisA darzana thA- yaha bAta bhI kahA~ siddha hai ? to uttara yaha hai ki siddha na hone para bhI 'vaisA darzana una upadezakoM ko zAyada ho bhI sakatA hai' aisA saMzaya to kiyA jA sakatA hai / jaba taka yaha saMzaya hai taba taka sambandha kA abhAva to siddha nahIM ho sakegA / jaise, kisI bhAva ko prathama bAra dekhane ke bAda prayojana na hone se usa ke liye pravRtti na huI, isaliye vahA~ avisaMvAda upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi usa viSaya kA pratyakSa ke sAtha sambandhAbhAva to siddha nahIM ho sakatA jaba taka usa bhAva kA saMzaya vahA~ maujUda ho| yaha bhI ApAdana karanA anucita hai ki- eka sthala meM ('zrIharSAdi rAjA ho gaye' ityAdi meM) saMzaya hone para pratyeka zabda ke bAre meM bhI saMzaya hI hotA rahegA - kyoMki aisA ApAdana pratyakSa meM bhI ho sakatA hai ki eka dUrastha sthANu Adi ke bAre meM saMzaya hone para pratyeka pratyakSa meM bhI saMzaya hI hotA rahegA / yadyapi yahA~ zabdasthala meM sambandha kA nizcaya nahIM lekina saMzaya rahegA, phalata: niSkaMpa pravRtti na hone para bhI zaMkita (=sakampa) pravRtti hone meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / jaise kabhI anabhyasta dazA meM vastu kA prathama pratyakSa hone para jaba prathama bAra pravRtti karate haiM taba vahA~ bhI niSkampa nahIM kintu sakampa pravRtti hI hotI hai / candra-sUryagrahaNAdi sUcaka upadeza kA viSaya jaba abhyasta ho jAtA hai taba vahA~ upadeza se saMzaya nahIM kintu nizcaya ho jAne se dRDha pravRtti hI hotI hai, jaise pahale do bAra kisI pratyakSa viSaya ke bAre meM pravRtti ho cukI ho taba bAda meM tRtIya-caturthAdi pratyakSa se jo una ke viSayoM meM pravRtti hotI hai vaha nizcayamUlaka hone se dRDha hI hotI hai, DaoNvADola nahIM / yadi kIsI vaMcaka kA zabda visaMvAdI hone ke kAraNa apramANa mAnA jAya to yaha ThIka hai kintu usa ke udAharaNa se sabhI zabdoM ko apramANa karAra denA ucita nahIM hai / anyathA dvicandrAdi kA darzanapratyakSa visaMvAdI hone se apramANa hotA hai isaliye sabhI pratyakSa apramANa karAra diye jAyeMge- yaha atiprasaMga hogA / aisA bhI nahIM hai ki- 'bhUta-bhAvi bhAva aspaSTa bhAsita hote haiM isaliye unheM avasturUpa mAnA jAya'- kyoMki taba dUrastha

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230 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'yo yatkRte pratyaye na pratibhAsate'.. [pR. 26 paM0 3] ityAdiprayoge 'na pratibhAsate ca zAbde pratyaye svalakSaNaM' ityasiddho hetuH, svalakSaNapratibhAsasya zAbde pratyaye vyavasthApitatvAt dUravyavasthitapAdapagrAhyadhyakSa pratyaya ivA'spaSTapratibhAse'pi / ata eva - [ ] "anyadevendriyagrAhamanyacchabdasya gocaraH / zabdAt pratyeti minAkSo na tu pratyakSamIkSate // anyathaivAgrisambandhAd dAhaM dagdho'bhimanyate / anyathA dAhazabdena dAhArthaH sampratIyate // tathA, zabdenA'vyApRtAkSasya buddhAvapratibhAsanAt / arthasya dRSTAviva tadanirdezasya vedakam // " ityAdi zabdabuddhAvaspaSTapratibhAsamupalabhya yaducyate pareNa tanirastam, pratyakSabuddhAvapyaspaSTasvalakSaNapratibhAsasya pratipAditatvAt / yatra hi vizeSopasarjanasAmAnyapratibhAso jJAne tad aspaSTaM vyavahriyate, yatra ca sAmAnyopasarjanavizeSapratibhAsaH sAmagrIvizeSAt tat spaSTamucyate / sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatvaM ca vastunaH pratipAditam pratipAdayiSyate ca yathAvasaram / tena 'na caikavastuno rUpadvayamasti, ekasya dvitvavirodhAt' [26-6] ityAdyasaMgatameva / vRkSAdi viSayaka pratyakSa kA viSaya bhI aspaSTa bhAsita hone se una ko bhI avastu mAnanA hogA / niSkarSa, sAmAnya avastubhUta nahIM hai / svalakSaNa zabda vAcya na hone kA kathana mithyA vyAkhyAkAra zrI abhayadevasUrijI mahArAja apane aMtara ko khola kara kahate haiM ki hamane jo yaha nitya sAmAnyapakSa ke sira para thope gaye dUSaNoM kA parihAra kiyA vaha to sirpha abhyupagamavAda se kiyA hai, vAstava meM hama kisI bhI vastu ko ekAntata: nitya yA anitya nahIM mAnate haiM kintu kathaMcit nityAnitya mAnate haiM / yaha abAdhitaanubhava se siddha hai ki bAhya ghaTAdi padArtha naye-purAne ityAdi bahuvidha kramabhAviparyAyoM se samaveta hotA hai, eka hotA hai, phira bhI sadRzapariNAma aura asadRzapariNAma ubhaya se abhinna hotA hai / yaha bhI abAdhita anubhavasiddha tathya hai ki cetanA Adi Antarika padArtha bhI harSa-viSAda Adi vividha AvegoM se abhinna hotA isa pUrI carcA kA sAra yaha hai ki koI, bhI vyakti ekAntata: kSaNika nahIM hotii| kathaMcit sthAyI bhAva bhI hotA hai, ata: saMketakAla aura vyavahArakAla donoM meM vaha anuvRtta raha sakatA hai, isa ke phalasvarUpa usa meM saMketa bhI sutarAM sambhavita hai, isa liye saMketa meM nirarthakatA kI Apatti ko avakAza nahIM hai| taba jo pahale kSaNikavAdI ne kahA thA [pR0 paM0] ki-'zabdasaMketa kI prakriyA na to utpanna svalakSaNa meM ho sakatI hai na anutpanna svalakSaNa meM, ataH svalakSaNa zabdavAcya nahIM hai' yaha kathana mithyA karAra diyA jAtA hai / spaSTAspaSTapratItibheda se viSayabheda asiddha apohavAdIne jo pahale yaha nyAyaprayoga dikhAyA thA [pR. paM0] ki yajjanya pratIti meM jo bhAsita nahIM hotA vaha usakA viSaya nahIM hotA, zAbdika pratIti meM svalakSaNa bhAsatA nahIM hai... ityAdi, isameM 'svalakSaNa kA zAbdika pratIti meM apratibhAsa' yaha hetu pUrvokta carcA se asiddha ThaharatA hai, kyoMki zAbdika pratIti meM svalakSaNa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai isa tathya ko hamane siddha kara dikhAyA hai / hA~, zAbdika pratIti meM svalakSaNa

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 na cA'zeSavizeSAdhyAsitavastupratibhAsavikalpa ( ? la ) sya zAbdapratyayasyAnyathAbhUte vastunyanyathAbhUtAvabhAsitvena pravRtterbhrAntatvam, pratyakSasyApi tathA'vabhAsitvena bhrAntatvaprasakteH / na hyasmadAdipratyakSe kSaNikanairAtmyAdyazeSadharmAdhyAsitasaMkhyopetaghaTAdyAkArapariNatasamastaparamANupratibhAsaH, tathaivA'nizcayAt / ata eva- 'matizrutayornibandho 'dravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSu' [ tattvArthA0 a0 1 sU0 29] iti samAnaviSayatvamadhyakSa - zAbdayoH tattvArthasUtrakRtA pratipAditam / yadA ca pradhAnopasarjanabhAvenAnekAntAtmakaM vastu pramANaviSayastadA yatraiva saMketa: pratyakSaviSaye sa eva sAmAnya vizeSAtmakaH zabdArtha iti kevalasvalakSaNa-jAti- tadyogajAtimatpadArtha - buddhi- tadAkArapakSabhAvino doSA anAspadA eva / na hyekAntapakSabhAvidoSAH anekAntavAdinaM samAzliSyanti / astyarthAdizabdArthapakSeSvapi sAmAnya- vizeSaikAntapakSasamAzrayaNAt yad dUSaNam tadapyasmatpakSA'saMgatameva uktanyAyAt / kA pratibhAsa aspaSTa jarUra hotA hai kintu bhrAnta nahIM hotA, jaise dUrastha vRkSAdi bhI pratyakSapratIti meM aspaSTa bhAsita hote haiM kintu bhrAnti nahIM hotI / 231 isI sababa se yaha jo kisIne Apatti jatAyI hai- "indriya se gRhIta hone vAlA artha aura zabda se bodhita artha donoM bhinna bhinna hote haiM / isIliye dRSTivihIna jJAtA ko vastu kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM hotA kintu zabda se bodha hotA hai / [tAtparya, dRzya artha spaSTa hotA hai jaba ki vikalpa artha aspaSTa hotA hai isaliye una donoM meM bheda mAnanA cAhiye ] / dAhaka (agni) ke saMyoga se jo dAha kA ( jalana kA ) sAkSAtkAra hotA hai vaha, aura 'dAha' zabda se jo dAha kA pratibhAsa hotA hai ve donoM bhinna bhinna hI pratIta hote haiM [ isaliye bhI dRzya aura vikalpya athoM meM bheda mAnanA cAhiye ] / tathA, netravyApAra ke vinA, jaisA darzana meM artha pratibhAsita hotA hai vaisA zAbdika buddhi meM bhAsita nahIM hotA hai isa liye zAbdabuddhi dRzyabhinna artha kI vedaka hai / [ arthAt svalakSaNa usakA viSaya nahIM hai ] aisA jo zAbdabodha ke aspaSTa pratibhAsa ko lekara prativAdIyoM ne kahA hai vaha parAsta ho jAtA hai / kAraNa, sirpha zAbdabodha meM hI nahIM, pratyakSa meM bhI svalakSaNa kA kabhI aspaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai yaha sapramANa kahA jA cukA hai / vastu eka hI hotI hai phira bhI jaba vizeSasvarUpa gauNa hokara mukhyatayA sAmAnya svarUpa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai taba use aspaSTa pratibhAsa kahA jAtA hai, sAmagrI kI utkaTatA ( sazaktatA) hotI hai taba sAmAnya gauNa ho kara vizeSasvarUpa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai taba use spaSTa kahA jAtA hai / vastu sAmAnya vizeSa ubhayAtmaka hai yaha to pahale kaha Aye haiM, aura Age bhI prastAvocita kahA jAyegA / ataH 'eka vastu meM do virodhAbhAsI svarUpa nahIM hote... kyoMki ekatva kA dvitva ke sAtha virodha hai' - [pR0 26 paM0 28] yaha pratipAdana asaMgata ThaharatA hai / - zAbda pratIti bhrAnta nahIM hotI yadi yaha kahA jAya 'zAbda pratIti sakala vizeSoM se saMkalita vastu ke sAkSAtkAra se zUnya hotI hai, isaliye vaha anyasvarUpa vastu ko anya prakAra se udbhAsita karatI hai, isaliye zAbda pratIti bhrAnta hotI hai' - yaha kathana ayogya hai kyoMki hama logoM ke pratyakSa meM to kSaNikatva - nairAtmya Adi bauddha abhimata sakala dharmoM se viziSTa evaM saMkhyAviziSTa ghaTAdi AkAra meM pariNata paramANusamudAya bhI bhAsita nahIM hotA hai, isa meM *. zrIsiddhasenasUri-zrIyazovijayavyAravyayoH 'sarvadravyeSva' iti pAThaH, anyatra tu na gRhItaM 'sarva' padam /

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232 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ___yadapi vijAtIyavyAvRttAnyapadArthAnAzrityAnubhavAdikrameNa yadutpannaM vikalpakaM jJAnaM tatra yat pratibhAti jJAnAtmabhUtaM vijAtIyavyAvRttapadAkAratayAdhyavasitamarthapratibimbakaM tatra 'anyApohaH' iti saMjJA [pR077 paM08] tatrApi vijAtIyavyAvRttapadArthAnubhavadvAreNa zAbdaM vijJAnaM tathAbhUtapadArthAdhyavasAyyutpadyate ityatrA'visaMvAda eva, kintu tat tathAbhUtapAramArthikArthagrAhyabhyupagantavyam adhyavasAyasya grahaNarUpatvAt / vijAtIyavyAvRttestu samAnapariNatirUpatayA vastudharmatvena vyavasthApitatvAd anyApohazabdavAcyatApi tatrAs'sajyamAnA nAsmanmatakSatimAvahati, saMketavizeSasavyapekSasya tacchabdasya tatrApi pravRttyavirodhAt / yacca 'tatpratibimbakaM zabdena janyamAnatvAt tasya kAryameva iti kAryakAraNabhAva eva vAcya-vAcakabhAvaH' [77 -10] - tadasaMgatam, zabdAd viziSTasaMketasavyapekSAd bAhyArthapratipattestatpUrvakpravRttyAdivyavahArasyApi tatraiva bhAvAt sa eva bAhyaH zabdArtho yuktaH na tu vikalpapratibimbakamAtram, zabdAt tasya vAcyatayA pratipatteH / tathAbhUtazabdAt tathAbhUtapAramArthikabAhyArthAdhyavasAyi jJAnamutpadyata ityatrA'vivAda eva / / yacca 'pratibimbasya mukhyamanyApohatvaM vijAtIyavyAvRttasvalakSaNasyAnyavyAvRttezcaupacArikam' [786] iti tadapyasaMgatam, zabdavAcyasya vastusvarUpasya dyapohatvaM tadA'nantadharmAtmake vastunyupasarjanIkRtavizeSasya pAramArthikavastvAtmakasAmAnyadharmakalApasya zabdavAcyatvAt kathamanyavyAvRttasvalakSaNasyopacAreNAyaha pramANa hai ki kSaNikatvAdirUpa se ghaTAdi kA nizcaya kisI ko bhI nahIM hotA / isa taraha bauddha abhimata pratyakSa pramANa bhI anyasvarUpa vastu ko anyaprakAra se udbhAsita karatA hai isaliye bhrAnta aMgIkAra karanA hogA / hamAre syAdvAdamata meM to yaha doSa sAvakAza nahIM hai kyoMki tattvArthasUtrakAra zrI umAsvAti bhagavaMtane kahA hai'matijJAna (indriyapratyakSAdi) evaM zrutajJAna (zAbdabodha) ye donoM kA viSaya sarvadravya hai kintu sarva paryAya nahIM hai|' isa taraha pratyakSa aura zAbdabodha ko samAnaviSayaka batA diyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise zabda sarvavizeSa-udbhAsaka nahIM hotA vaise indriya pratyakSa bhI sarvavizeSagrAhI nahIM hotA, kintu isa AdhAra para unako bhrAnta nahIM kaha sakate / niSkarSa yaha hai ki gauNa-mukhyabhAva se anekAntAtmaka vastu hI pramANa kA gocara hotA hai, isaliye sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu pratyakSa kA viSaya hai, usameM jaba zabdasaMketa kiyA jAtA hai taba vahI sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka bhAva zabdArtha bana jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki, apohavAdIne pahale [pR0 20 paM. 21] svalakSaNa ko, jAti ko, jAti ke sambandha ko, jAtimAn padArtha ko athavA buddhi yA buddhi ke AkAra ko zabdArtha mAnane ke pakSa meM jina doSoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai ve sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka zabdArthavAdI jainoM ke. mata meM niravakAza haiN| isI taraha astyartha, samudAya, asatyasambandha, asatyopAdhisatya, abhijalpa, buddhi-adhirUDha AkAra athavA pratibhA ko zabdArtha mAnane ke pakSa meM jo apohavAdIne pahale [pR0 31-27] vistAra se doSApAdAna kiyA hai vaha bhI sAmAnya-vizeSAtmakavastu-zabdArthaprarUpaka anekAntavAda pakSa meM niravakAza hai, kyoMki ekAntavAda ke sira para jo doSa lagAye jAte haiM, ve anekAntavAda ke sira para A kara nahIM baiTha sakate / samAnapariNati hI anyApoha hai* pahale jo apohavAdIne kahA thA (pR0 77 paM0 25)- "vijAtIyavyAvRtta padArthoM ke Alambana se anubhava hone ke bAda kramaza: vikalpajJAna kA udaya hotA hai / usa vikalpa meM jJAna se abhinna evaM vijAtIyavyAvRttaAkAra meM adhyavasita- aisA jo arthapratibimba sphurita hotA hai usI kI 'anyApoha' saMjJA hai / ' - yahA~, isa bAta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 233 pohatvam ? tucchasvarUpAyAzca vyAvRtteranyavyAvRttavikalpAkArasya cApohatve sAmAnya-sAmAnAdhikaraNyavizeSaNavizeSyabhAvAdivyavahArazca sarva evA'ghaTamAnakaH / na ca sAmAnyAbhAvAt sAmAnyavyavahArasyA'ghaTamAnatvaM na doSAyeti vaktavyam, tatsadbhAvasya prasAdhitatvAt / sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahArazca dharmadvayayuktasyaikasya dharmiNo bahirbhUtasyA'sadbhAvAdayuktaH syAt / na ca bAhyArthasaMsparzivikalpapratibimbake'yaM yuktaH / atha dharmadvayAnuraktaikadharmivikalpe'yamupapatsyate / ayuktametat, tathAbhUtavikalpAbhyupagame ekAntavAdinAmanekAkArakavikalpAbhyupagamAdanekAntavAdaprasakteH / na cA'tAttvikamanekatvam iti nAyaM doSaH, tathA'bhyupagame jJAnAtmanyavidyamAnasyAnekatvasya svasaMvedanenA'paricchedaprasakteH, vedane vA svasaMvedanasyApratyakSatvaprasaMgaH, avidyamAnAkAragrAhitvena sadasatorekatvA'nekatvayonitAdAtmyavirodhAd anAtmabhUtaM ca vaicitryaM kathamatadAkAraM jJAnavedanaM sAkArajJAnavAdinAM meM to hamArA koI visaMvAda nahIM hai ki vijAtIyavyAvRttapadArtha ke anubhavadvArA tathAvidhapadArtha ko adhyavasita karanevAlA zAbdabodha vijJAna utpanna hotA hai / kintu vaha adhyavasAya grahaNAtmaka hotA hai isa liye usa grahaNa ke karmabhUta vijAtIya vyAvRtta artha ko pAramArthikarUpa se grAhya bhI mAnanA cAhiye / aura hama yaha siddha kara cuke haiM ki vijAtIyavyAvRtti vastu ke samAnapariNatirUpa hone se vastu kA hI pAramArthika dharma hai / isaliye yadi use nAmAntara se 'anyApoha' saMjJA de kara usako hI Apa zabdavAcya ghoSita karate haiM to hameM isa meM koI Apatti nahIM hai, Apake bauddha mata kI paribhASA ke anusAra saMketa karake Apa usa samAnapariNati vastudharma ke liye 'anyApoha' zabda kA prayoga kare usameM koI virodha nahIM hai / yaha jo pahale kahA thA [pR0 77 paM0 29]- 'vaha arthapratibimba zabdajanya hone se zabda kA kArya hai, zabda usakA kAraNa hai, isa prakAra zabda aura arthapratibimba meM jo kAraNa-kArya bhAva hai vahI vAcya-vAcakabhAva hai' - yaha nipaTa galata hai, kyoMki saMketavizeSa kI sahAyatA se zabda ke dvArA arthapratibimba kA bodha nahIM hotA kintu bAhya ghaTa Adi artha kA bodha hotA hai isaliye usIko zabdArtha mAnane meM aucitya hai, vikalpapratibimba ko zabdArtha mAnane meM aucitya nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda se usa kA vAcyArtharUpa meM bodha nahIM hotA / hA~, saMketavizeSa se sahakRta zabda se vijAtIyavyAvRtta pAramArthika bAhyArtha ke pratibimba ko jhelanevAlA jJAna janma letA hai- isa bAta meM hamArA koI vivAda nahIM hai / *pratibimbAdisvarUpa apoha mAnane meM asaMgati pahale apohavAdIne jo kahA thA (pR0 78 paM0 20) 'pratibimba mukhya apoha hai, vijAtIyavyAvRttasvalakSaNa evaM vijAtIyavyAvRtti ye do aupacArika apoha hai jo zabdavAcyArtha kahe jAte haiM / ' yaha asaMgata bAta hai / jaba Apa vastusvarUpa vijAtIyavyAvRttasvalakSaNa ko kaise bhI zabdavAcya ghoSita karate ho to isakA matalaba yaha hai ki anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke vizeSasvarUpa ko gauNa karake pAramArthika vasturUpa sAmAnyadharmasamudAya ko zabdavAcya batA rahe haiM / isa sthiti meM anyavyAvRttasvalakSaNa jo tucchavyAvRtti se sarvathA vilakSaNa hai usako upacAra se apoha kahane kA bIja kyA hai ? kucha nahIM / yadi Apa tuccha svarUpa vyAvRtti ko athavA anyavyAvRttavikalpagata pratibimbAkAra svarUpa apoha ko zabdavAcya kaheMge to sAmAnyavyavahAra, sAmAnAdhikaraNya vyavahAra aura vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva Adi vyavahAroM ko kaise bhI asaMgata nahIM kara pAyeMge / yadi kaheM ki 'sAmAnya koI vastu hI nahIM hai isaliye usa ke vyavahAra

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234 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam paricchinatti ? paricchede vA paricchedasattAyAH sarvatrA'vizeSAt sarvaikavedanaprasaktiH / nirAkAravijJAnAbhyupagame ca bahirarthasiddhervijJAnavAdAnavatAprasaMgaH / atha tadapi sAkAramabhyupagamyate tadA tatrApi kathamanekAkAramekam ? anekatvasyA'tAttvikatve punarapi sa eva prasaMgo'navasthAkArI, pAramArthikAnekAkArajJAnAbhyupagame syAt saMvedanAt tasya siddhiH kiMtvanekAntavAdo'bhyupagataH syAt / api ca, anekatvasya buddhA. vapyatAttvikatvAbhyupagame'ntarbahiravidyamAnasya tasya vaizayAvabhAsitA na syAt, arthanirAkRtaye kairUpyasAdhanaM ca buddhernirAkAratvAdasaMgatameva syAt / / atha pUrvamarthanirAkRtaye tasyA dvairUpyasAdhanam pazcAdekasyAnekatvA'yogAt dvairUpyasyApi nirAkaraNAdadoSaH / asadetat , pUrvameva dvairUpyapratighAtinyAyopanipAtasambhavAt / athaitadoSaparijihIrSayA vaicitryaM kA uccheda doSApAdaka nahIM hai'- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki 'sAmAnya' vastubhUta hai yaha tathya siddha kiyA jA cukA hai / vastubhUta sAmAnya ko yadi Apa zabdavAcya nahIM mAnate to usa ke saMbandha meM jitane prasiddha vyavahAra hai ve saba asaMgata rheNge| sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA vyavahAra bhI eka pAramArthika dharmI meM do pAramArthika dharmoM kA aMgIkAra karane para hI ho sakatA hai / Apa ke pratibimbavAda meM to bAhyArtha hI nahIM hai to yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya vyavahAra kaise saMgata hogA ? bAhyArthasparzavinirmukta sirpha eka vikalpapratibimba ko mAnane ke pakSa meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya sambhava hI nahIM hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki- "vikalpa eka dharmI hai aura una meM tAdAtmyabhAva se rahe hue do dharma haiM, una meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA vyavahAra kiyA jAyegA / ' - to yaha ucita nahIM hai| kAraNa, dharmadvaya yAnI AkAradvaya se tAdAtmya rakhane vAle eka vikalpa kA aMgIkAra ekAntavAdI nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki taba anekAkAra saMvalita eka vikalpa mAna lene ke kAraNa anekAntavAda kA svAgata karanA pdd'egaa| anekatva ko atAttvika mAnane meM daSaNazreNi eka dharmI meM tAdAtmyabhAva se do dharma mAnane para anekAntavAda ke svAgata kI Apatti ko TAlane ke liye yadi aisA kahA jAya- 'anekatva ko hama atAttvika mAnate haiM isaliye anekAntavAdapraveza nahIM hogA' - to aisA mAnane para aura bhI yaha doSa hogA, jJAna meM jaba vAstava anekatva nahIM hogA to apane saMvedana meM usakA bhAna nahIM hone se sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAra nahIM ghaTegA / yadi usako ghaTAne ke liye saMvedana meM usa (=anekatva) ke bhAna kA svIkAra kareMge to asatanekatvagrAhI ho jAne se usa saMvedana ko pramANabhUta pratyakSa nahIM mAna skeNge| kAraNa, anekatva jo vAstava meM vahA~ nahIM hai usake AkAra ko grahaNa karane vAle saMvedanapratyakSa meM sadbhUta ekatva aura asadbhUta anekatva ina do dharmoM kA jJAna ke sAtha tAdAtmyabhAva virodhagrasta ho jAyegA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki Apa to bAhya nIla-pIta ke abhAva meM bhI nIlAkAra - pItAkAra aise sAkAra jJAna kA jaba svIkAra karate haiM taba jJAna ke vedana meM jJAna kA AtmabhUta jo AkAra hai usI kA bhAna mAnA jA sakatA hai, ekatva-anekatvarUpa vaicitrya jo ki jJAna kA AtmabhUta hI nahIM hai aise tadAkArazUnya (vaicitryAkAra zUnya) jJAna kA vedana kaise vaicitrya ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai ?! jJAna meM vivakSita AkAra ke na hone para bhI yadi jJAnasaMvedana usa ko grahaNa karegA to usakI grahaNasattA sarvatra amaryAda ho jAne se samasta AkAroM kA eka hI saMvedana prasakta hogA / yadi isa se bacane ke liye sAkArajJAna-vAda tyAga kara nirAkArajJAna-vAda kA AzarA legeM to anAyAsa bAhyArtha siddha ho jAne se vijJAnavAda ko nivRtti lenI pddegii| yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'hamAre sAkArajJAnavAda meM to artha ke vinA hI AkAra mAnA jAtA hai isaliye

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 2 235 buddhimAliSyatItyabhyupagamyate / nanu bahirbhUtenArthena vaicitryasya ko'parAdhaH kRto yat tannAskandatIti / athaikatvanAnAtvayorvirodha evAparAdhaH / nanvayaM vijJAne'pi samAnaH / na ca buddhernIlAdipratibhAsAnAmekayogakSematvAt tadekatvam, ekayogakSematvena svabhAvabhedA'nirAkaraNAt sahabhAvinAM cittacaittAnAM nAnAtve spyekayogakSematvasya bhAvAt / atha cittAdAvabhinnayogakSemasya niyamavato'bhAvaH asahabhAvinAM teSAmabhinnayogakSematvasyAbhAvAt / na nIlAdipratibhAseSvapi nAnAzrayeSu tasyAbhAvAt / - ' abhinnAzrayeSvabhinnayogakSemaniyamasadbhAvo nIlAdipratibhAseSu' iti cet ? na, sahabhAvicitta- caiteSvapyasya samAnatvAt, sahabhAvinAM teSAM tathaivAnubhavAt / sarvathaikatvaM ca nIlAdipratibhAsAnAmadhyakSaviruddham pratibhAsabhedAd bhedasiddheH / jJAna kA saMvedana jJAna meM anekatva ke na hote huye bhI anekAkAragrAhI hotA hai - to yahA~ phira se prazna hai ki vaha saMvedana svayaM eka hote hue anekAkAra kaise ho sakegA ? jaba usameM bhI anekatva ko atAttvika batAyeMge phira se pUrvokta doSaparamparA kI anavasthA calegI / hA~ yadi Apa jJAna meM pAramArthika anekAkAratA mAna leMge to saMvedana se usa eka jJAna meM bhI anekatva sthApita kara sakate haiM, lekina taba anekAntavAda kA svAgata karanA paDegA / dUsarA doSa yaha hai ki buddhigata anekatva yadi atAttvika hai to isakA matalaba yaha huA ki anekatva bAhya rUpa se to asat hai lekina AntararUpa se bhI asat hai / asat padArtha kA kabhI vizada bhAna nahIM hotA jaba ki anekatva kA vizada bhAna hotA hai, yadi vaha asat hai to usakA vizada bhAna kaise hogA ? saca bAta yaha hai ki buddhi svataH nirAkAra hotI hai, artha ke Alambana se usa meM sAkAratA hotI hai, kintu Apa artha kA apalApa karane ke liye buddhi meM dvirUpatA dharmadvaya ko mAnane para tule ho vaha usakI nirAkAratA ke kAraNa sambhava nahIM hai / = bAhyArtha meM ekAnekarUpatA aviruddha vijJAnavAdI : eka buddhi me hama jo dvirUpatA kA sAdhana karate haiM vaha sirpha bAhyArtha kA abhAva siddha karane ke liye hai, bAhyArtha ke asiddha ho jAne ke bAda to eka meM anekatva kA virodha dikhA kara dvirUpatA kA bhI hama nirAkaraNa kara deMge / syAdvAdI : yaha tarIkA galata haiM kyoMki bAhyArtha kA nirAkaraNa karane ke liye jaba Apa dvirUpatA kA zastra uThAyeMge usI vakta eka meM anekatva kA virodha upasthita ho kara dvirUpatA ko parAsta kara degA, taba bAhyArtha kA abhAva kaise siddha hogA ? yadi isa doSa kA parihAra karane ke liye virodha ko gauNa karake buddhi meM tAttvika vaicitrya (= anekatva) kA svIkAra kara leMge taba bAhyArtha ne kyA aparAdha kiyA hai ki Apa vahA~ ekAnekarUpatA kA virodhabhaya pradarzita karake usa kA nirasana karane para tule haiM ? yadi kaheM ki ekatva - anekatva kA virodha hI bAhyArtha kA aparAdha hai - to yaha aparAdha vijJAna meM bhI ojhala nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / tulya yogakSema se ekatvasiddhi asaMbhava vijJAnavAdI : buddhi aura usa ke antargata nIlAdi pratibhAsoM meM samAna yoga-kSema hotA hai, jaise samAnahetuka utpatti, samAnakAlInatA evaM samakAlInanAza....ityAdi, isa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki buddhi aura nIlAdipratibhAsa eka hI hai / jaba una meM anekatva hI nahIM hai taba virodhApAdana kaise ? Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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236 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na ca bhrAnto'yaM bhedapratibhAsaH abaadhittvaat| na cA'bhinnayogakSematvAditi bAdhakam, asyA'sAdhyA'vyatirekiNo'yathoktalakSaNatvAt pratIyamAnayozcaikatvA'nekatvayoH ko virodhaH ? na ceyaM pratItirmithyA bAdhakAbhAvAt / na ca virodha evAsyA bAdhakaH, virodhA'siddheritaretarAzrayatvAt / tathAhi asyAH pratItebarbAdhAyAM virodhaH sidhyati, tatsiddhau cAtastasyA bAdheti parisphuTamitaretarAzrayatvam / na pratIteranyadasti virodhasAdhakamityastu bahireva sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAraH, tathaivAsyopalabdheH / / atha vikalpasyAyaM vibhramaH, bahiH sAmAnAdhikaraNyAderayogAt nAnAphalayornIlotpalAdizabdavikalpayorekasminnarthe vRttivirodhAt / dharma-dharmiNorekAntabhedAbhedayorgatyantarAbhAvAt tayozcA'vyatirekAbhyupagame zabdena vikalpena caikena svalakSaNasya viSayIkaraNe'zeSasvabhAvAkSepAdaparasya zabdAdestadekavRttestadbhi syAdvAdI : yaha kalpanA nirdoSa nahIM hai, yoga-kSema samAna hone mAtra se svabhAvabheda kA uccheda nahIM ho jAtA, ata: anekatva nahIM hai aisA nahIM hai / Apa bhI jAnate haiM ki kucha sahabhAvicitta aura caitta (= zabda - rUpAdi) padArtha bhinna bhinna hone para bhI una meM samAna yogakSema hote haiM, ve bhI samAnakAla meM utpanna hote hai, naSTa hote haiM / usa kA matalaba yaha nahIM hotA ki citta aura caitta eka hote haiM / vijJAnavAdI : citta aura caitta meM kabhI kabhI samAna yogakSema akasmAt hone para bhI niyamata: nahIM hote, kyoMki jo sahabhAvI nahIM hote una meM samAna yoga-kSema kA viraha hotA hai| syAdvAdI : are aise to jJAna aura nIlAdipratibhAsoM meM bhI niyamataH samAna yoga-kSema nahIM hote, pRthak pRthak Azraya meM jo nIlapratibhAsa, pItapratibhAsa utpanna hote haiM, una meM jJAna ke sAtha samAna yogakSema nahIM hotA hai| vijJAnavAdI : bhinna bhinna Azraya meM - jJAna meM utpanna nIlAdipratibhAsoM meM samAna yogakSema niyamataH na hone para bhI ekajJAnotpanna nIlAdipratibhAsoM meM vaha niyamata: hotA hai isa liye ekatva mAnA jA sakatA hai / syAdvAdI : aise to jo sahabhAvi citta-caitta hote haiM una meM bhI niyamata: samAna yogakSema maujUda rahatA hai kintu vahA~ ekatva nahIM hotA / isa liye samAna yogakSema ekatvaprayojaka nahIM ho sakatA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki nIlAdipratibhAsoM meM sarvathA ekatva hone meM pratyakSa virodha hai / pratyakSa se to vahA~ pratibhAsabheda dRSTigocara hone se bheda hI siddha hotA hai / isa bhedapratibhAsa ko bhrAnta nahIM batA sakate kyoMki isa meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / 'abhinna yogakSematva hI yahA~ bhedabAdhaka hai' aisA bhI kahanA duSkara hai kyoMki 'abheda ke abhAva meM samAnayogakSema niyamata: nahIM hotA' aisA nahIM hai isaliye sAdhyazUnya vipakSa se samAnayogakSematva kA vyatireka na hone se vaha abhedasAdhaka yA bhedabAdhaka nahIM ho sktaa| jahA~ ekatva-anekatva kI samAnAdhikaraNa sphuTapratIti hotI hai vahA~ virodha ko paira rakhane ke liye sthAna hI kahA~ hai ? isa pratIti ko mithyA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki usa meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai / 'virodha hI bAdhaka hai' aisA kahanA galata hai kyoMki virodha siddha nahIM hai ata: itaretarAzraya doSa ko avasara milatA hai - dekhiye, yadi isa pratIti meM koI bAdha siddha ho taba ekatva-anekatva kA virodha siddha hogA, jaba yaha virodha siddha hogA taba usa pratIti meM bAdha siddha hogA, isa DhaMga se spaSTa hI anyonyAzraya doSa avasaraprApta hai / jaba pratIti ke alAvA koI virodhasAdhaka upAya nahIM hai taba pratIti ke anusAra artha kI vyavasthA honI cAhiye / pratIti ekatva

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 237 naphalatvAbhAvAt tadbhede (abhede!) sakRd grahaNasyAvazyaM bhAvitvAt tallakSaNatvAdabhedasya, anyathA gRhItAgRhItayorbhedaprasakteH / dharma-dharmiNorbhedapakSe'pi ghaTa-paTAdizabdavadekatrA'vRtterbhavedupAdhidvAreNaikatropAdhimati zabdavikalpayoH pravRttiH yadi tayorupakAryopakArakabhAvaH syAt, tadabhAve pAratantryA'siddheH tayorupAdhyupAdhimadbhAvAbhAvA taddvAreNApi tayostadvati vRttiyuktA / tayorupakAryopakArakabhAve upAdhyupakArikA za. ktirupAdhimato yadyabhinnA tadaikopAdhidvAreNApyupAdhimataH pratipattau sarvopAdhyupakArakasvarUpasyaiva tasya nizcayAdupakAryasyopAdhikalApasyApyazeSasya nizcayaprasaktiH / upakArakanitirupakAryanizcayanAntarIyakatvAt upAdhimato bhede tacchakteH sambandhAbhAvaH / tatastAsAmanupakArAt upakAre vA tadupakArazaktInAmapyupAdhimato bhedA'bhedakalpanAyAmanavasthA sarvAtmanA grahaNaM ca prasajyate iti / - aura anekatva kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya bAhyArtha meM upalabdha karAtI hai isaliye bAhyArtha meM hI sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA vyavahAra mAna lenA cAhiye, vikalpapratibimba meM nahIM / * samAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAra vibhramasvarUpa -- pUrvapakSa bauddhavAdI : yaha jo sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA vyavahAra hai vaha saba vikalpakRta vibhrama hai / vAstava meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya hI saMgata nahIM hotA / kAraNa nIla-utpala Adi zabda yA zabdajanya vikalpa se jo nIla yA utpala kA bodha hotA hai vaha sarvathA bhinna bhinna hotA hai, isaliye ekArthavRttitva rUpa sAmAnAdhikaraNya ho hI nahIM sakatA / dharma-dharmI ke bIca yA to bheda ho athavA abheda, aura to tIsarA koI vikalpa hI nahIM hai / yadi utpala dharmI aura nIladharma kA abheda mAneMge to eka utpalAdi zabda se yA usa ke eka vikalpa se utpalAdisvalakSaNa apane saMpUrNa svabhAva ke sAtha viSaya bana jAyegA / aba usa ke ekArthavRtti anya nIlAdi zabda se nayA to kucha phala Ane vAlA nahIM hai / vaha nIlAdi yadi utpala se abhinna hai taba to utpala ke grahaNa ke sAtha hI usa kA bhI grahaNa avazyaMbhAvi hai kyoMki abheda hone kA matalaba hI yaha hai ki eka sAtha gRhIta ho jAnA / yadi eka gRhIta hone para dUsarA agrahIta rahatA hai to vahA~ bheda prasakta hotA hai / yadi dharma-dharmI meM bheda mAneMge to isa pakSa meM bhI sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM ghaTa sakatA, kyoMki ghaTa-paTa meM bheda hotA hai tabhI to una donoM ke vAcaka ghaTa-paTa zabdoM meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA abhAva hotA hai| isI taraha nIla-utpala meM bheda hone para bhI samajha lo / yadi kaheM ki - 'vahA~ nIlatva - utpalatva upAdhibheda hone para bhI upAdhimAn nIla aura utpala meM bheda nahIM hotA isa liye bhinna bhinna upAdhi ke bodha dvArA do zabda yA do vikalpa kI ekArtha meM vRtti (yAnI bodhakatA) ho sakegI' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, upakArya-upakAraka bhAva hone para hI upAdhi-upAdhimat bhAva bana sakatA hai / upAdhi kA matalaba hai upAdhimat ko paratantra / utpala jaisA upAdhimat jaba nIlAdi upAdhi kA upakArI hogA tabhI upAdhi usa kI paratantra rahegI, kintu yahA~ upAdhimat kA upAdhi para koI upakAra na hone se upAdhi-upAdhimat bhAva hI maujUda nahIM hai / isaliye upAdhi ke dvArA bhI nIla-utpala zabdoM kA ekArthavRttitva ghaTa nahIM sakatA / yadi yahA~ upAdhimat ko upAdhi kA upakArI mAna liyA jAya to yaha prazna bhI khaDA hogA ki upAdhimat meM jo upakArazakti hai vaha yadi usa se abhinna hai taba to eka upAdhi ke dvArA jaba tathAvidhazaktizAlI upAdhimat kA grahaNa hogA usI vakta apane upakArya jitanI bhI upAdhiyA~ nIlatva-utpalatva-dravyatva Adi hai una sabhI kA saMpUrNa upAdhimat ke grahaNa se nizcaya ho jAyegA,

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam etadapyayuktam yataH syAdabhede sakRd grahaNaM yadi tallakSaNo'bhedaH syAt yAvatA nAbhedasyaitallakSaNam ghaTAdyAkArapariNateSvanekaparamANuSu sakRd grahaNasya bhAvenA'tivyApakatvAt / avyApakaM caitad abhede'pi sattvAnityatvayorabhAvAt bhAve vA sattvapratipattau kSaNakSayasyApi pratipatteranumAnavaiphalyaprasaktiH, yathAsnubhavaM nizcayotpatteH sattvavat kSaNikatvasyApi tadaiva nizvayAt / "anAdibhavAbhyastA'kSaNikAdivAsanAjanitamandabuddheH pUrvottarakSaNayorvivekanizcayAnutpatteranumAnasya sAphalyam" iti cet ? na, ghaTa-kapAlakSaNayorapyavivekanizrayaprasakteH / athAtra sadRzAparAparotpattervipralambhanimittasyAbhAvAnna prasaMga: tarhi hrasvavarNadvayoccAraNe tatprasaktiH / tayorAnantaryAd varNadvayAntarAle sattvopalambhabhAvAt tadaprasaMge laghuvRtti 238 - kyoMki pratyeka upAdhi ke prati upakAraka zakti upAdhimat se abhinna hone kA nizcaya pUrvalabdha hai / yaha bhI isaliye ki upakAraka kA nirNaya upakAryarUpa apane sambandhI ke jJAna ke vinA nahIM hotA jaise daNDa ke vinA 'daNDI' aisA jJAna nahIM hotA / ataH eka upAdhi ke dvArA bhI jo upAdhimat upakAraka kA jJAna hogA vaha apane se upakArya upAdhisamudAya ko sAtha lekara hI hogA / yadi zakti upAdhimat se bhinna mAneMge to una donoM ke bIca sambandha kI saMgati na hone se upAdhi ke Upara upAdhimat kA upakAra bhI saMgata nahIM hogA / yadi upakAra karAnA ho to pahale zakti ke sAtha sambandha joDanA hogA, usa ke liye anya upakAraka zakti mAnanI paDegI, phira upakArazakti ke sAtha bhI upakAraka upAdhimat ke bhedAbheda kI carcA karanI paDegI jisa kA anta nahIM AyegA / aura kisI taraha upakAra kI saMgati baiThA lI jAya to eka upAdhi ke dvArA sarvAtmanA yAnI sarva upAdhisamudAya ke sAtha upAdhimat kA nizcaya ho jAne kI vipadA nivRtta nahIM hogI / sArAMza kisI bhI taraha sAmAnAdhikaraNya saMgata nahIM hai / vikalpa kI to yahI tAsIra hai ki vastu ke na hone para bhI aisA kucha AbhAsa khaDA kara 1 detA hai / abheda ke vinA bhI eka sAtha grahaNa - uttarapakSa syAdvAdI : dharma-dharmI ke bheda-abheda kisI bhI eka vikalpa meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya saMgata na hone kI apohavAdI kI bAta meM kucha tathya nahIM hai / kAraNa abhedapakSa meM yadi abheda kI yaha vyAkhyA ho ki eka sAtha grahaNa honA taba to yahA~ abheda hone para eka sAtha grahaNa kI Apatti kA bhaya dikhAnA sArthaka hotA kintu abheda kI yaha vyAkhyA hI ThIka nahIM hai / bauddha to ghaTAdi ko eka avayavI na mAna kara paramANuputra mAnatA hai, vahA~ sakRdgrahaNa yAnI eka sAtha 'yaha ghaTa hai' aisA sabhI paramANuoM kA grahaNa hotA hai kintu abheda nahIM hotA, isa liye abheda kI vaha vyAkhyA galata hai kyoMki sakRd grahaNa abheda na hone para bhI hai ataH ativyApti hai / avyApti bhI hai, zabdAdi eka vastu sat bhI hai anitya bhI hai, sattva aura anityatva meM bheda nahIM abheda hai kintu sattva ke pratyakSakAla meM sattva ke sAtha anityatA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA / yadi vaisA hotA taba to sattva ke sAtha kSaNikatva kA bhI darzana ho jAne se, kSaNikatva ko siddha karane ke liye prayojita anumAna nirarthaka bana jAyegA / evaM darzana ke anusAra vikalpanizcaya utpanna hotA hai, jaise sattvadarzana ke bAda sattva kA nizcaya anubhavasiddha hai vaise anityatva darzana ke bAda anityatva kA nizcaya bhI prasakta hogA / kSaNikavAdI : mandabuddhi logoM ko anAdikAla se vastu akSaNika hone kI vAsanA pravAhita rahatI hai, svalakSaNa kA sarvAtmanA anubhava hotA hai usa meM kSaNikatva bhI anubhUta rahatA hai kintu ukta vAsanA ke kAraNa,

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-2 239 vibhramanimittaM syAt - anyathA saMyuktAMgulyorapyavivekanizcayaH syAt - dezanairantaryasAdRzyayorbhAvAt / sAdRzyanimittA ca na sarvadA bhrAntiH syAt upalabhyate ca sarvadA / na cAntyakSaNadarzinAM vivekanizcayasambhavAdayamadoSaH pUrvamabhAvAt / sAdRzyanimittA hi bhAntiravasthita eva sAdRzye nivartamAnA upalabhyate anivRttau vA nAmAdyarthayorapi na kadAcid bhrAntinivRttiH syAt sarvadA tayoH sAdRzyAt / na cAnyApohavAdinAM bhrAntinimittaM sAdRzyaM vastubhUtamasti, sAmAnyavAdaprasakteH / 'ekavijJAnajanakA eva kSaNAH sAdRzyamucyante' iti cet ? na, tato vivekA'nizcaye rUpA''loka-manaskArAdInApi sAdRzyamekavijJAnajanakatvenAstItyekatvanizcayasteSvapi syAt / na ca teSAM tatrApratibhAsanAnAsAviti vakavyam yataH kimiti teSAM tatrApratibhAsanam iti nimittamabhidhAnIyam / 'asArUpyaM tanimittam' pUrvottarakSaNoM meM rahA huA bheda dRSTigocara na hone se kSaNikatva ke bAre meM nizcayavikalpa kA janma nahIM hotaa| isa sthiti meM, kSaNikatva ke liye prayojita anumAna sArthaka rahatA hai| syAdvAdI : yaha bAta ThIka nahIM, kyoMki taba to una maMdabuddhijanoM ko ghaTanAza ke uttarakSaNa meM jahA~ kapAlakSaNa utpanna hotA hai vahA~ ukta vAsanA ke kAraNa ghaTa-kapAlakSaNa meM bheda kA nizcaya nahIM hogaa| . kSaNikavAdI : jahA~ bhedabuddhi nahIM hotI vahA~ atyanta samAna uttarottarakSaNa kI utpatti se vipralambha yAnI dRSTivaMcanArUpa nimitta rahatA hai / kapAlakSaNa kI utpatti ke kAla meM vaha nimitta na hone se, bhedanizcaya hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| syAvAdI : acchA, jaba eka hrasva svara ke uccAraNa ke bAda turaMta dUsare hrasva svara kA uccAraNa kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ atyantasadRzakSaNotpatti rUpa vaMcanAnimitta maujUda hone se bheda kA nizcaya nahIM ho pAyegA / kSaNikavAdI : vahA~ eka svara ke uccAraNa ke kucha kSaNa ke bAda dUsare svara kA uccAraNa hotA hai , turaMta nahIM hotA, isa liye do tulya svara ke zravaNa ke bIca meM anupalambha rahatA hai kintu kisI varNa ke sattva kA upalambha nahIM hotA, phalata: donoM kA bheda nizcaya ho sakatA hai| syAdvAdI : isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki tulyakSaNa utpatti vaMcanAnimitta nahIM hai kintu zIghrotpatti kAlanairantarya hI vaMcanAnimitta hai / yadi isa ko choDa kara aura kisI ko nimitta mAneMge to saMyukta aMgulIyugala meM dezanairantarya aura sAdRzya donoM maujUda rahane se vahA~ bhI bhedanizcaya nahIM ho skegaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki akSaNikatva kI bhrAnti ko yadi sAdRzyamUlaka mAneMge to vaha kabhI kabhI ho sakatI hai, lekina yaha bhrAnti to sarvadA hotI hai vaha vAstava meM nahIM ho pAyegI, kyoMki chIpa meM sAdRzyamUlaka jo rajata bhrAnti hotI hai vaha kabhI kabhI hotI hai sarvadA nahIM hotI isa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki sAdRzyamUlaka bhrAnti kadAcit hI hotI hai, sarvadA nahIM / kSaNikavAdI aisA kaheM ki - 'hA~ yaha akSaNikatva kI bhrAnti bhI sarvadA nahIM hotI kyoMki antyaghaTakSaNa darzana ke bAda kapAlakSaNa kA bhedanizcaya hotA hI hai ata: sAdRzyamUlakabhrAnti sarvadA hone meM hamArI sammati hai, koI doSa nahIM hai|' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ to sAdRzyanimitta nahIM hai aura sadRzakSaNoM kI pUrva meM jo paramparA calatI thI vahA~ to bhedanizcaya nahIM hotA kintu akSaNikatva kI bhrAnti bhI hotI rahatI hai / sAdRzyamUlaka jo bhrAnti hotI hai vaha sAdRzya ke rahate hue bhI chIpa kA spaSTa darzana (zuktitva kA jJAna) hone para nivRtta ho jAtI hai / yadi aisA nahIM mAneMge to kabhI eka bAra nAma-rUpAdi ke sAdRzya se caitra ke badale maitra kI bhrAnti ho jAne para vaha sarvadA hotI rahegI, kabhI bhI vizeSadarzana ke bAda nivRtti nahIM ho pAegI kyoMki nAmAdi

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 240 iti cet ? na, manaskArasya sArUpyAt, tatra pratibhAsaprasakteH / vilakSaNAnAM ca kathaM sArUpyam ? naikavijJAnajanakatvAd, rUpAdAvapi tatprasaMgAt / atheSyate eva tat teSAm / na, rUpavijJAnajanakatvena yat teSAM sArUpyam tadastu tasyA'smAbhirapi sadAdipratyayahetutvena sadAditvasyeveSTatvAt / kiM tarhi ? rUpAtmanA rUpAdInAM rUpapratyayahetutvAt zAbaleyAdInAmiva gotvAtmanA sArUpyaM gopratyayahetunAM kiM na syAd iti preryate pAramparyeNaikaparAmarzapratyayahetutvasyApi teSu bhAvAt / ' taddhetutve'pi na tenAtmanA sArUpyaM kA sAdRzya to una donoM meM sadA rahane vAlA hai / bauddhamata meM sAdRzya kI anupapatti yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhane jaisA hai ki bauddha jisa sAdRzya ko bhrama kA mUla kahatA hai vaise sAdRzya ko usa ke mata meM vastubhUta hI nahIM mAnA jAtA, to kaise vaha usa ko bhrama kA mUla batA sakatA hai ? yadi vaha sAdRzya ko vAstavika mAna legA to jisa sAmAnya kA vaha Aja taka virodha kara rahA hai vaha usa ke gale meM A paDegA / bauddha : hama sAmAnyAtmaka sAdRzya ko nahIM mAnate haiM kintu eka vijJAna ke utpAdana kSaNoM ko hI hama sAdRzya mAnate haiM / jaina : yaha mAnanA galata hai kyoMki eka vijJAna janakatva rUpa sAdRzya ke kAraNa yadi vahA~ bhedanizcaya nahIM ho pAtA to rUpa- Aloka aura mana ityAdi meM bhI bhedanizcaya na hone se ekatva kA nizcaya sAvakAza na jAyegA, kyoMki una meM eka vijJAna janakatvarUpa sAdRzya maujUda hai / bauddha : mana Adi kA jJAna meM pratibhAsa nahIM hotA ataH una meM ekatva kA nizcaya nahIM ho pAyegA / jaina : [hA~lA ki yahA~ rUpa aura Aloka donoM eka jJAna meM bhAsita hote haiM isa liye una donoM meM ekatva kA nizcaya hone kI Apatti hai, phira bhI usa kI upekSA kara ke vyAkhyAkAra aura eka tathya para dhyAna khi~canA cAhate haiM - ] jaba rUpAdi kI taraha mana Adi bhI vijJAna ke janaka haiM to una kA pratibhAsa jJAna meM kyoM nahIM hotA ? nimitta kI khoja karanA hogA / bauddha : asArUpya hI pratibhAsa ke abhAva kA nimitta hai / jaina : manaskAra meM to sArUpya hai isa liye usa ke pratibhAsa kI Apatti to nahIM TalegI / vilakSaNa padArthoM meM sArUpya kaise ? uparAMta, yaha bhI samasyA hai ki bauddhamata meM vastumAtra eka-dUsare se vilakSaNa hI hotI hai to una meM sArUpya kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi eka vijJAnajanakatva ko sArUpya mAneMge to rUpa- AlokAdi meM sArUpya kI prasakti hone se pratibhAsa kI Apatti rahegI / yadi kaheM ki rUpa AlokAdi meM ekavijJAnajanakatvarUpa sArUpya iSTa hI hai - to yaha kathana yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki 'sat' Adi pratIti ke hetu hone se sattva Adi svarUpa sArUpya kI taraha rUpa Adi meM vijJAnahetutva svarUpa sArUpya to hama bhI mAnate haiM kintu aise sArUpya kA hama ApAdana karanA nahIM cAhate, hama to yaha ApAdana karate haiM ki rUpa Adi vilakSaNa padArthoM meM jaise rUpapratyayahetutvarUpa sArUpya mAnya hai vaise hI 'go' pratIti ke hetubhUta zAbaleyAdi gopiMDo meM gotvasvarUpa sAmAnya kyoM nahIM mAnya karate ? paramparayA vahA~ gotva meM bhI ekaparAmarzahetutva to vidyamAna hai / Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 241 teSAmatadviSayatvAd' iti cet ! nanu tadeva tadaviSayatvaM kutasteSAm ? na 'sArUpyAd' iti vaktavyam cakrakaprasakteH / atha satyapi sArUpye rUpAdInAM sattvo(?ho)palambhAbhAvAna bhrAntiH / nanu sattvo(? ho)palambhaH kiM dezanairantaryamabhidhIyate, Ahosvit kAlanairantaryam yadvA ubhayanairantaryamiti vikalpAH / tatra na tAvad dezanairantayaM yathoktabhrAntinimittam, saMyuktAGgulyostadbhAve'pi bhrAnterabhAvAt / kAlanairantarya ca laghuvRttireva, na cAsau bhrAntinimittaM hrasvavarNadvayoccAraNe tadbhAve'pyabhAvAt / nApyubhayaM tannimittam saMyuktAGgulyoH pUrvAparakSaNayorapi sadbhAvenobhayasadbhAve'pi abhAvAdityAntaretarabhrAntikAraNAbhAvAt kiM na yathAnubhavaM vikalpotpatti': ? 'sahakAriNo'bhyAsAderabhAvAnotpattiH' iti cet ? nanu koyamabhyAsaH yadabhAvAd yathAnubhavaM nizcayAnutpattiH ? 'darzanasya punaH punarutpattiH' iti cet ? nanu sattvAdeH kSaNikatvAderabhede tadanubhavasya punaH punaranu(?ru)tpattireva kSaNikatvadarzanAvRttiriti kathaM na darzanAvRttilakSaNo'bhyAsaH ? bauddha : gotvarUpa se zabaleyAdi ekaparAmarzahetu hone para bhI vaha rUpa usa kA viSaya nahIM hai isa liye usa rUpa se una meM sArUpya mAnya nahIM ho sakatA / jaina : are ! yahA~ bhI vahI prazna hai ki vaha kyoM usa kA viSaya nahIM hai ? 'sArUpya nahIM hone se' aisA kaheMge to vahI cakkara ghumatA rahegA, pratibhAsa kyoM nahIM hai - sArUpya na hone se, sArUpya kyoM nahIM hai - tadviSayatva na hone se, tadviSayatva kyoM nahIM hai - sArUpya na hone se..isa cakrabhramaNa se kucha phAyadA nahIM bauddha : rUpAdi meM sArUpya hone para bhI rUpa-Aloka Adi ko sahopalambha nahIM hotA isa liye vahA~ ekatva kI bhrAnti nahIM hotI / jaina : 'sahopalambha nahIM hotA' isa kA kyA matalaba ? dezanairantarya, kAlanairantarya yA ubhayanairantarya ? *dezAdinairantarya bhrAnti kA mUla nahIM yadi pahale vikalpa ke anusAra dezanairantarya ko bhrAnti kA nimitta kahA jAya to yaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMyukta do aMgulI meM daizika antara nahIM hotA phira bhI vahA~ ekatva kA vibhrama nahIM hotA / dUsare vikalpa meM, kAlanairantarya kA matalaba yaha hotA hai - kAlika vyavadhAna na honA, yAnI zIghra utpatti honA; yaha bhI bhrAnti kA nimitta nahIM hotA kyoMki eka hrasva varNa ke uccAraNa ke bAda turanta hI vyavadhAna ke vinA zIghra dUsare hrasva varNa kA uccAra hotA hai vahA~ ekatva kA vibhrama nahIM hotA / ubhaya yAnI daizika-kAlika donoM ke nairantarya ko bhI bhrAnti kA nimitta nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki pUrvakSaNa aura uttarakSaNa donoM kSaNa meM jaba saMyukta do aMgulI ko dekhate haiM taba ubhayanairantarya rahane para bhI ekatva kA vibhrama nahIM hotA / isa prakAra jaba ekatva ke vibhrama ko koI bAhya-Antara nimitta hai nahIM, taba to sattva ke sAtha yadi kSaNikatva kA anubhava huA ho to kyoM vikalpa meM bhI anubhava kI taraha kSaNikatva kA bhAna nahIM hotA ? yadi kaheM ki - (bAra bAra kSaNikatva ke anubhava svarUpa) abhyAsa Adi sahakArI ke na hone se kSaNikatva ke vikalpa kA udbhava nahIM hotA' - to yahA~ prazna hai ki jisa ke na hone se anubhava ke anurUpa vikalpa kA udbhava nahIM hotA hai vaha abhyAsa kyA cIja hai ? 'bAra bAra darzana kI utpatti' ko yadi abhyAsarUpa kahate

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242 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'anubhavAnantarabhAvI vikalpo'bhyAsaH' iti cet ? nanu 'tadabhAvAd vikalpotpattyabhAve yathAnubhavaM kasmAnizcayAnutpattiH iti prazne 'nizcayAbhAvAnizcayAnutpattiH' ityuttaraM kathaM saMgataM syAt ? antyakSaNadazinAM cAnityavikalpotpattestadabhAvo'siddhazca / na ca kSaNikatvapratipAdakAgamA''hitasaMskArasyAnityavikalpAvRttirabhyAsaH, tadAgamAnusAriNAM tadutpattAvapi yathAnubhavaM vikalpAbhAvAt / darzanapATavamapi sattvAdivikalpotpatterevAvasIyate pATavA'pATavalakSaNaviruddhadharmadvayasyaikatrA'yogAt, zabdA'nityatvajijJAsAyAM prakaraNAdInAmapi bhAvAt / sarvAtmanA cet svalakSaNasyAnubhavastathaiva nizcayotpattiH syAt / tadanutpatterna sarvAtmanA'nubhavo bhAvasyetyavasIyate / ato nAnAphalatvamabhede'pyupAdhi-tadvatoH zabdavikalpayoraviruddham / haiM to sattva aura kSaNikatva eka svarUpa hone se jitanI bAra sattva ke darzana kI utpatti hotI hai utanI bAra kSaNikatvAnubhava kI bhI utpatti hotI hI hai, ata: kSaNikatva ke darzana kI AvRtti bhI sattvadarzanAvRtti kI taraha siddha hotI hai, phira kaise kahate ho ki yahA~ darzanAvRttisvarUpa abhyAsarUpa sahakArI nahIM hai ? yadi bauddhavAdI kaheM ki - anubhava ke bAda vikalpa kA udbhava honA yahI abhyAsa hai - to jo prazna hai vahI Apane uttara banA DAlA, Apane kahA ki abhyAsa ke na hone se vikalpa kA udbhava nahIM hotA, taba hamane prazna kiyA - jisa ke abhAva meM anubhava ke anurUpa vikalpa utpanna nahIM hotA vaha abhyAsa kyA hai, taba Apane yahI batAyA ki anubhava ke bAda vikalpa kI utpatti yahI abhyAsa hai, usa ke na hone se anurUpa vikalpa utpanna nahIM hotA - isa kA phalitArtha yahI huA ki vikalpa kI utpatti na hone se hI vikalpa kI utpatti nahIM hotI - yaha kyA ucita javAba hai ? uparAMta Apa jo kahate haiM ki 'anityatva kA vikalpa utpanna nahIM hotA' yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki antyakSaNa meM padArthadRSTA ko darzana ke bAda anityatva kA vikalpa utpanna hotA hai isa liye usa kA abhAva asiddha hai| yadi kaheM ki - vastumAtra ke kSaNikatva ke pratipAdaka bauddha Agama se jisa ko kSaNikatva ke dRDha saMskAra ho gaye ho usa ko bAra bAra anityatva ke vikalpa kA udbhava honA - isI ko abhyAsa kahate haiM - to yaha bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki bauddha Agama ke anuzIlana se jisa ke kSaNikatva ke saMskAra dRDha hae haiM vaise puruSa ko abhyAsa ke hone para bhI anubhava ke anurUpa vikalpa kA udbhava nahIM hotA / yadi kaheM ki - kSaNikatva kA darzana itanA paTu (tIvra) nahIM hone se usa ke anurUpa vikalpa kA udbhava nahIM hotA - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki sattva ke vikalpa kA udbhava hotA hai isI se yaha phalita hotA hai ki sattvAbhinna kSaNikatva kA darzana paTu hI hotA hai / "sattva ke aMza meM paTu hone para bhI kSaNikatva ke aMza meM vaha apaTu hotA hai' aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki eka hI darzana meM paTutA evaM apaTutA do viruddha dharmoM kA samAveza zakya nahIM hai / yadi kaheM ki - 'anityatva kA prakaraNa pravahamAna na hone se usa kA vikalpa nahIM hotA' - to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM kyoMki jaba zabda kI carcA meM 'usa kA anityatva kaise' yaha jijJAsA rahatI hai taba anityatva prakaraNa ke hote huye bhI anubhava vikalpa kI utpatti nahIM hotI / isa kA sAra yahI nikalatA hai ki svalakSaNa kA yadi samastarUpa se anubhava hotA ho to samasta rUpa se usa kA vikalpa udbhava honA cAhiye kintu vaha nahIM hotA, isa se siddha hotA hai ki padArtha kA samastarUpa se (yAnI kSaNikatvarUpa se bhI) anubhava nahIM hotA / tAtparya, nIla Adi upAdhipada aura utpalAdi upAdhimatpada evaM una donoM ke vikalpoM meM nIla svarUpa upAdhi

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 243 bhedapakSe'pyekArthavRttistayorghaTata eva, taddvAreNa zabda-vikalpayorekasmin dharmiNi vRtteH sAmAnAdhikaraNyAdivyavahArasiddhiH / na copAdhi-tadvatorupakAryopakArakabhAvAt sarvAtmanaikopAdhidvAreNApyupAdhimataH pratipatteH zabdAderekaphalatvam, upakAryopakArakapratItyoranyonyAvinAbhAvitvAbhAvAt tadbhAve vA kathaMcit sarvasyApi parasparamupakAryopakArakabhAvAd ekapadArthapratipattau tadAdhArAdibhAvenopakArakabhUtasya bhUtalAdestatkAyabhUtasantAnAntaravartijJAnasya vA grahaNam, tato'pi tadupakAriNoH tasmAdapyaparasya tadupakAriNa iti pAramparyeNa sakalapadArthAkSepAt sarvaH sarvadarzI syAt / / atha sambandhavAdinaH syAdayaM doSaH - tasya sambandhibhyaH sambandhasya vyatireke'navasthAprasaMgaH ityekopAdhidvAreNApyupAdhimataH samastopAdhisambandhAtmakasyaivAvagamAt sambandhino dharmakalApasyA'zeSasyApi aura utpala svarUpa upAdhimat ye do abhinna hone para bhI kisI eka nIlAdipada se sarvAtmanA utpalAdi bhAna zakya na hone se bhinna bhinna aMza bodhakatvarUpa bhinna bhinna phala ke pratipAdana meM koI virodha nahIM hai| evaM abheda hone ke kAraNa ekArthavRttitva kI bhI upapatti saralatA se ho jaayegii| * bhedapakSa meM bhI ekArthavRttitva kI upapatti dharma-dharmI ke abhedapakSa meM jaise batAyA ki zabda - vikalpa ekArthavRtti ho sakate haiM, bheda pakSa meM bhI ve ekArtha vRtti ho sakate haiM / upAdhi ke dvArA do zabda evaM do vikalpa eka dharmi meM vRtti hone se sAmAnAdhikaraNya Adi kA vyavahAra bhI nirbAdha siddha hogA / pahale jo kahA thA ki - 'upAdhi-upAdhimat meM upakArakabhAva mAneMge to, (upAdhi para upakAra karane vAlI upAdhimat meM rahI huI zakti upAdhimat se abhinna hone ke pakSa meM,) eka hI nIlAdi pada se upAdhi ke dvArA upAdhimat kA sarvAtmanA bodha ho jAne para nIla aura utpala pada meM bhinna bhinna aMza bodhakatva rUpa phalavaividhya na rahegA kintu ve donoM samAnArthaka ho jAyegeM' - yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki upakArya-upakArabhAva paraspara sApekSa hone para bhI una kI pratIti eka dUsare ke vinA na ho sake aisA nahIM hai, ata: eka upAdhi ke dvArA sarvAtmanA upAdhimat kI pratIti prasakta hone kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahatI / yadi aisA bhI mAna le ki - 'una kI pratItiyoM meM bhI anyonya sApekSatA hotI hai' - taba to samasta janasamudAya meM bhI sarvadarzI ho jAne kI Apatti prasakta hogI - dekhiye, kisI na kisI rIti se hara koI vastu anya samasta vastuoM kI upakAraka yA upakArya hotI hai cAhe sAkSAt yA paramparA se, isa sthiti meM kisI eka ghaTa Adi vastu kI pratIti hone para Azraya ke rUpa meM usa ke upakArI bhUtala Adi kI, athavA to svajanyatva ke nAte apane upakAryabhata santAnAntaravartI svaviSayaka jJAna kI pratIti ho jAyegI; itanA hI nahIM usa bhUtalAdi ke upakAraka kI aura usa ke bhI upakAraka kI - aise paramparA se sakala padArthoM kI pratIti eka hI ghaTa padArtha kI pratIti ke sAtha prasakta hogI kyoMki ve sakala padArtha ghaTa ke sAtha sAkSAt yA paramparA se upakArya - upakArakabhAvAtmaka sambandha se jur3e hue haiM / sambandha parityAgamata meM doSAbhAva - pUrvapakSa ____ yahA~ sambandhavAdI ke doSa dekhane vAle kahate haiM ki yaha sarvadarzitA kI Apatti kA mUla sambandhasvIkAra hai / sambandha ko yadi sambandha se pRthak mAnA jAyegA, to usa sambandha aura sambandhI ke madhya bhI naye sambandhI kI khoja karanA hogA, usa naye sambandha kA bhI puna: nayA nayA sambandha khojate khojate anta nahIM AyegA,

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam grahaNaprasaktiH, sambandhigrahaNamantareNa sambandhapratipatterabhAvAt aMgulIdvayapratipattau tatsaMyogapratipattivat / sambandhiSvekasambandhAnabhyupagamavAdinAmasmAkaM nAyaM doSaH, nahi prAgbhAvottarabhAvAvantareNAparaH kArya-kAraNabhAvAdirekaH sambandho'smAbhirabhyupagamyate yena samastAvagamAt sarvaH sarvadarzI syAt / asadetat yato na sambandhavAdinaH samastopAdhisambandhAnAmupAdhimato'vyatireke'pi tadekopAdhisambandhAtmakasyaiva tasya jJAnAt sambandhino'zeSasyopAdherapi grahaNam / sambandhAbhAvavAdino'pi yadyupakArakapratipattAvapi nopakAryasyAvagatirekasambandhAbhAvAt tadA kathaM hetudharmAnubhAvena rUpAde rasato gatiH upakAryaviziSTasyopakArakasyA'pratipatteH ? pratipattau kathaM na bhavanmatena sarvaH sarvavid bhavet ? na copAdhi- tadvatpratItyoritaretarAzrayatvAt tatpratItyabhAvAdupAdhitadvadbhAvAbhAvaH, yugapad adhyakSe phalataH sambandha ko sambandhI se avyatirikta hI mAnanA hogA / isa sthiti meM eka upAdhi ke dvArA anya samasta upAdhisambandha se avyatirikta hI upAdhimat kA grahaNa zakya hogA, phalataH eka sambandhI ke grahaNa se samasta dharmoM ke grahaNa kI Apatti vinA AmantraNa AyegI / yaha bhI isa liye ki dharmI jaise sambandhI hai vaise una ke dharma bhI sambandhI hai aura sambandhIyoM ke grahaNa ke vinA sambandhagrahaNa zakya nahIM hotA / udA0 jaba do aMguliyoM kA sambandhI rUpa meM grahaNa hotA hai taba una donoM ke saMyogasambandha kA grahaNa hotA hai / hama to sambandhiyoM ke madhya kisI eka sambandha kA svIkAra nahIM karate haiM isa liye aisA doSa niravakAza hai / hamAre mata meM jo kAraNa kArya bhAva Adi rUpa sambandha kahA jAtA hai, vaha bhI pUrvakAlIna evaM uttarakAlIna do padArtha hI haiM, una se atirikta una donoM ke madhya kisI eka naye sambandha kA svIkAra hama nahIM karate haiN| isa liye eka sambandha ke grahaNa ke liye samasta sambandhIyoM ke grahaNa kI AvazyakatA na hone se sarvadarzitA kI Apatti ko bhI avakAza nahIM hai / 244 sambandhAbhAvapakSa meM doSasadbhAva - uttarapakSa sambandhavAda ke viruddha bauddhoM kA yaha kathana galata hai / kAraNa, sambandhavAdI ke mata meM samasta upAdhiyoM kA sambandha yadyapi upAdhimat (= upadheya) se avyatirikta hI hotA hai, phira bhI kisI eka jJAna meM kisI eka upAdhi ke sambandha ke saMbandhIrUpa meM hI upadheya kA jJAna hotA hai, samasta upAdhiyoM ke sambandhIrUpa meM usa vakta upadheya kA jJAna nahIM hotA ataH aparasambandhIrUpa meM samasta upAdhiyoM kA jJAna hone kI Apatti niravakAza hai, evaM sarvadarzitA kI Apatti bhI dUrApAsta hai / sambandhAbhAvavAdI yadi aisA kahatA hai ki upakAraka kA bodha hone para bhI upakArya ke sAtha eka sambandha ke na hone se samasta upakArya (upAdhi) ke bodha kI Apatti nahIM hotI - yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki hetubhUta dharma se jo anumAna hotA hai vahA~ rasa ke jJAna se rUpa kA bodha kaise ho sakegA jaba ki rasavAn Atmaka upakAraka ke bodha meM upakArya rUpa se viziSTa upakAraka bodha to Apa sambandhAbhAvapakSa meM mAnate nahIM hai / yadi upakArya viziSTa upakAraka kA bodha mAneMge to Apa ke mata meM bhI samasta upakArya se viziSTa upakAraka ke bodha ke ApAdana se saba jJAtA sarvajJa bana jAne kI Apatti kyoM nahIM hogI ? yadi aisA kaheM ki ' upAdhi aura upadheya kI pratItiyoM meM upAdhi ke rUpa meM dharma kA bodha hone ke liye upadheya ke rUpa meM dharmI kA bodha apekSita hai aura upadheya ke rUpa meM dharmI kA bodha karane ke liye upAdhi

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0-2 245 tayoH pratibhAsanAt / kramapratibhAse'pi na tatpratipattyoritaretarAzrayatvam, vRkSatvaviziSTasya dUrAdadhyakSeNa pratItasya pratyAsannAdAmrAdivizeSaNaviziSTasya tasyaivAvasAyAt / zAbdapratibhAse'pi gozabdAd gotvamAtro - pAravabhAsa (ta) sya zuklazabdAt tadupAdhiviziSTasya tasyaivAvabhAsanAtra tatpratItyoritaretarAzrayatvam / na ca guNagrahaNamantareNa guNino gavAderagrahaH tadagrahe ca guNA'graha iti coyAvakAzaH, gozabdAd vizeSaNa - vizeSyayoryugapadeva pratipatteH / parasyApi ca samAno'yaM doSaH parasparaviziSTazeSakAryopakArakapratyayayoranyonyApekSatvAt / anapekSatve na rasAderekakAlasya rUpAderanumAnaM syAt / athopakArakAdipratipatterevetarajJAnAvinAbhAvitvAnnAtra doSadvayasavaH / nanvevaM parasparaviziSTatvA'vizeSe'pi yadi kAryabuddhiH kAraNabuddhayanapekSA kAraNabuddhirapItarabuddhyanapekSeti na rUpAdeH samAnakAlasyAvagatiH syAt / api copakArakasyASESTau nopakAryasyetaraviziSTatayA dRSTiH tadadRSTau copakArakasyetaraviziSTatvenAdRSTiriti parasyApIdaM codyaM samAnam / ke rUpa meM dharma kA bodha Avazyaka hai, isa prakAra anyonyAzraya hone se upAdhi - upadheya ke rUpa meM pratIti kA udbhava zakya nahIM hai, phalataH upAdhi-upAdhimad bhAva bhI siddha na hone se usa kA abhAva phalita hogA / ' to yaha kathana ayukta haiM kyoMki ( jaise hetu - sAdhya ke sahabhAvI pratyakSa meM donoM ke hetu hetumadbhAva kI pratIti eka sAtha hotI hai vaise hI) upAdhi-upadheya kA jaba eka sAtha pratyakSa hotA hai taba una meM upAdhi - upadheya bhAva bhI pratIta ho jAte hai / kadAcit dharma aura dharmI kA kramazaH bodha hotA ho taba bhI una kI pratItiyoM meM anyonyAzraya sambhava nahIM hai kayoMki dUra se jaba pahale vRkSatva sAmAnyataH vRkSasvarUpa dharmI kA adhyakSa hotA hai aura turaMta usa ke pAsa cale jAte haiM taba AmrAdivizeSaNa sahita usI vRkSasvarUpa upadheya kA bodha hotA hai yaha sarvajanAnubhavasiddha hai / sirpha pratyakSa meM hI nahIM zAbdabodha meM bhI vaisA ho sakatA hai, pahale 'gau' zabda se gotvasAmAnyataH 'gau' rUpa dharmI kA bodha hotA hai usa ke bAda turaMta 'zukla' zabda sunAI dene para sAMnidhya kI mahimA se zuklatvavizeSaNaviziSTa usI gau kA bhAna hotA hai isa liye zabda pratItiyoM meM bhI anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM hai / yadi kaheM ki 'guNa ke grahaNa ke vinA guNI gau Adi kA grahaNa zakya nahIM aura guNI kA grahaNa na hone para guNa kA grahaNa bhI azakya hai, isa liye pahale svatantra rUpa se gau yA zukla kA grahaNa hI nahIM ho sakegA ' to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki 'gau' zabda se rUpavizeSa zuklAdi kA bodha na hone para bhI sAmAnyataH rUpa vizeSaNa aura rUpavAna gau kA bodha to eka sAtha ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra hamArA ( sambandhavAdI kA) pakSa nirdoSa hone para bhI prativAdI ko anyonyAzrayadoSApAdana meM abhiniveza hai to usa ko pahale yaha dhyAna denA cAhiye ki anyonya viziSTa UpakAraka- upakArya kI pratItiyoM meM anyonya sApekSatA rahane para usa ke mata meM bhI vaha doSa anivArya hogA / yadi vaha upakAraka upakArya kI pratItiyoM meM sApekSatA mAnane se inakAra karegA to rasAdi hetu se samAnakAlIna rUpAdi kA anumAna usa ke mata meM saMgata na hogA / yadi kaheM ki upakAraka Adi kI pratipatti hI upakAryAdi ke jJAna ke vinA nahIM hotI, upakAryaprata upakAraka ke binA bhI ho sakatI hai ataH rasAdi aura rUpAdi upakArya- upakAraka nahIM haiM isa liye hamAre pakSa meM usa ke anumAna kA uccheda athavA upakAraka- upakArya pratItiyoM meM anyonyAzraya doSa ko avakAza nahIM hai / to yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hogA ki yadi isa prakAra paraspara vaiziSTya ke samAna hone para bhI kAryabuddhi kAraNabuddhi Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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246 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atha savikalpapratyakSavAdinAM syAdayaM doSaH upAdhiviziSTasyopAdhimato nizcayAdupAdhi-tadvatozca parasparasavyapekSatvAt / nirvikalpapratyakSavAdinAM tu sarvopAdhinirapekSaniraMzasvalakSaNasAmarthyabhAvinA tadrUpamevAnukurvatA nirvakalpakAdhyakSeNAnyanirapekSasvalakSaNagrahaNAbhyupagamAnAyaM doSaH / asadetat, sakalopAdhizUnyasvalakSaNagrAhiNo nirvikalpakasyAbhAvapratipAdanAt punarapi pratipAdayiSyamANatvAcca / tadevaM bhinnanimittayorekaviSayatvA'virodhAt kathaM na bahirarthe sAmAnAdhikaraNyavyavahAraH ? vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvo'pi bAhyavastusamAzrita eva / na ca vizeSaNa-vizeSyayorupakAryopakArakabhUtatvenA'samAnakAlayostathAbhUtavikalpAzraya evAyaM vyavahAra iti vaktavyam , upakAryopakArakayoH pitAputrayoriva samAnakAlatvA'virodhAt, ekAntAnityapakSasya ca niSiddhatvAt niSetsyamAnatvAcca / liMga-saMkhyAdiyogo'pyanantadharmAtmakabAhyavastvAzrita eva / na caikasya 'taTastaTI taTam' iti strIpuM-napuMsakAkhyaM svabhAvatrayaM viruddham viruddhadharmAdhyAsasya bhedapratipAdakatvena niSiddhatvAt anantadharmAdhyAsitasya vastunaH pratipAditatvAt / na caikasmAdeva zabdAdermecakAdiratnavacchabalAbhAsatAprasaMgaH, pratiniyatonirapekSa ho jAya yA kAraNabuddhi kAryabuddhinirapekSa mAna lI jAya to usI prakAra rasa aura rUpa meM paraspara vaiziSTaya hone para bhI samAnakAlIna rUpAdi kA bodha nahIM ho sakegA / saca bAta to yaha hai ki - upakAraka dRSTigocara na hone para tadviziSTarUpa meM upakArya kA bodha zakya nahIM hai aura upakArya dRSTigocara na hone para upakAraka kA tadviziSTarUpa se bodha zakya nahIM hai - aisA ApAdana to sambandhAbhAvavAdI pakSa meM bhI anivArya rUpa se samAna * sakalopAdhizUnya svalakSaNagrAhI nirvikalpaka asiddha hai yadi kaheM ki - 'yaha to savikalpavAdI ke pakSa meM doSa hai / kyoMki savikalpanizcaya upAdhiviziSTa upAdhimAn ko grahaNa karane ke liye udyata hotA hai, kintu upAdhimAn aura upAdhi ye donoM paraspara sApekSa hote haiM. isaliye, una ke nizcaya meM anyonyAzraya doSa labdhAvasara hai / jo nirvikalpapratyakSavAdI haiM una ke mata meM to svalakSaNa ko sarvopAdhinirapekSa evaM niraMza mAnA gayA hai, usI ke sAmarthya se usa ke svarUpa anurUpa hI nirvikalpa pratyakSa kA udaya hotA hai, jo anyanirapekSa svalakSaNa ko grahaNa karatA hai / yahA~ koI doSa nahIM hai' - yaha bhI galata bAta hai, hamane pahale dikhAyA hai ki sakalopAdhizUnya svalakSaNa ko grahaNa karane vAlA koI nirvikalpa jaisA jJAna vAstavika hotA hI nahIM hai / isa bAta kA Age bhI samarthana kiyA jAne vAlA hai| ___ sArAMza, nIla aura utpala ke vikalpoM kA nimitta bhinna hone para bhI una meM ekaviSayatA hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai taba bAhyArtha meM nIla-utpalAdi zabdoM ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA vyavahAra kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? upakAraka-upakArya meM vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva* vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva bhI bAhyavastuniSTha hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai / aisA mata kahanA ki - "vizeSaNa upakAraka hai aura vizeSya upakArya hai, upakAraka pahale rahegA tabhI dUsare para upakAra kara ke usa ko upakRta (upakArya) karegA, ata: upakAraka hogA pUrvakAlIna aura upakArya hogA uttarakAlIna, donoM samAnakAlIna nahIM ho sakate isaliye una meM vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva bhI nahIM ghaTa sakatA / phalata: vizeSaNa-vizeSya vyavahAra to sirpha

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247 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 pAdhiviziSTavastupratibhAsasya pratiniyatakSayopazamavizeSanimittasya sAdhitatvAt / "gotvAdit sAmAnyavizeSAH strItvAdayaH, na ca sAmAnyeSvaparANi sAmAnyAni vidyante, atha ca 'jAtirbhAvaH sAmAnyam' iti teSvapi strI-puM-napuMsakaliMgatrayadarzanAdavyApitA lakSaNasya" [111-5] ityeSa doSo'nekadharmAtmakaikavastuvAdino na jainAn pratyAzliSyati gotvAderapi bhinnasya samavAyabalAd vastuni sambaddhasyAnabhyupagamAt yena teSvapyaparasAmAnyabhUtaliMgatrayamantareNa jAtyAdizabdapravRttirna syAt / ata eva dArAdiSvartheSu bahutvasaMkhyA vana-senAdiSu caikatvasaMkhyA'viruddhA, yathAvivakSamanantadharmAdhyAsite vastuni kasyaciddharmasya kenacicchabdena pratipAdanA'virodhAt / [prajJAkaramatanirasanam ] sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastunaH zabdaliMgaviSayatve ca kevalajAtipakSe yad dUSaNam 'yad yatra jJAne pratibhAti tat tasya viSayaH'.... [pR. 132 paM0 9] ityAdiprayogaracanApUrvakaM prajJAkaramatAnusAriNA'bhihitam - 'yathA na pratibhAti nirvikalpa-savikalpAdhyakSazabdaliMgaprabhavajJAneSu kvacidapi vijJAne svarUpeNa varNAkRtyakSarAkArazUnyA dAha-pAkAdyarthakriyAsamarthA jAtiH, pratibhAsamAnA'pyanarthakriyAkAritvena na pravRttihetuH lakSitalakSaNayApi jAti-vyaktyoH sambandhAbhAvAt, bhAve'pi tasya pratyakSAdinA pratipattumazakteH tathAvidha vikalpAzrita hI mAnanA hogA, vAstavika nahIM' - aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pitA upakAraka hotA hai, putra upakArya hote haiM isa liye una meM pUrvAparabhAva hone para bhI ve donoM samAnakAla avasthita hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai, isI taraha vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhI samAna kAlIna ho sakate haiM ata: vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva kA vyavahAra vAstavika mAnane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki - 'upakAryakSaNa meM upakAraka kA nAza ho jAne se vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva nahIM ho sakegA' - kyoMki ekAnta anityavAda kA pahale niSedha ho cukA hai aura Age bhI hone vAlA hai / phalata: upakAryakSaNa meM upakAraka kI sattA siddha hone para vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva bhI siddha hone meM koI aDacana nahIM hai / anantadharmAtmakavastu-pakSa meM liGga-saMkhyAdi kA yoga sAmAnya, sAmAnAdhikaraNya aura vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva ke vyavahAra jaise vAstavika bAhya vastu para nirbhara hai vaise hI liMga-saMkhyAdi kA yoga (= vyavahAra) bhI anantadharmAtmaka bAhyavastu para hI nirbhara hai / eka hI nadItaTAdi vastu ke liye purliMga meM taTa, strIliMga meM taTI aura napuMsakaliMga meM taTam aise vibhinna prayoga ho sakate haiM kyoMki anekAntavAda ke anusAra eka vastu meM vibhinna apekSA ke jariye bhinna bhinna nara-nArI-nAnyatara aise tIna svabhAva mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / yahA~ viruddhadharmAdhyAsa ko lekara bheda kA ApAdana zakya nahIM haiM kyoMki hama pahale yaha kaha cuke haiM ki viruddhadharmAdhyAsa bhedApAdaka nahIM hai, cUMki vastu anantadharmoM se AzliSTa hotI hai yaha bhI pahale bAra bAra kahA hai [ ] / yadi kaheM ki - 'bahuraMgI ratna kA avabhAsa jaise vaividhyapUrNa hotA hai vaise hI anantadharmAtmakavastuvAdI ke mata meM 'ghaTa' Adi eka pada se bhI vaividhyapUrNa hI avabhAsa hone kI Apatti hogI, kisI bhI vastu kA niyata ekavidha avabhAsa saMgata nahIM ho sakegA / ' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pratiniyata dharma puraskAreNa viziSTa vastu kA bhAna hone ke liye tattat dharma bodhajanaka pratiniyata karma kA kSayopazama nimitta kAraNa hotA hai, ata: ekavidha dharmabodhajanaka karmakSayopazama ke rahane para ekavidhadharmamukhena

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam na vyaktau pravRttiH ' [ pR0 132 - 138 ] ityAdi sarvaM pratikSiptam anabhyupagamAdeva / na hi jAti-vyaktyorekAntabhedo'bhyupagamyate yena pratyakSe zAbde vA jAtivyaktyoranyatarapratibhAse'pyaparasyA'pratibhAsanAna sambandhapratipattiH syAt - " dviSThasambandhasaMvittirnaikarUpapravedanAt " [ ] iti nyAyAt kintu sAmAnyavizeSAtmakaM vastu sarvasyAM pratipattau pratibhAti, kevalaM 'pradhAnopasarjanabhAvena jAti-vyaktyoH sAmagrIbhedAt pratyakSAdibuddhau pratibhAsanAd vaizadyA'vaizadyAvabhAsabhedastatra' iti pratipAditam / 'krameNa yogapadyena vA AnantyAd vyaktInAM pratyakSe'pratibhAsanAna tAsAM jAtyAM tena sambandhavedanam ' [1381].....ityAdikamapyasmAkamadUSaNaM yathApradarzitavastvabhyupagamavAdinAM na pratisamAdhAnamarhati / 248 vastu kA bodha saMgata ho sakatA hai / yaha pahale siddha kiyA huA hai / yadi Apa aisA doSApAdana karanA cAheM ki 'ye strItva, puMstva aura napuMsakatva ko gotva kI taraha jAtivizeSarUpa mAnane para yaha Apatti AyegI ki jAti ke liye bhI 'jAti, bhAva, sAmAnyam' aise bhinna bhinna liMga ke prayoga to sarvavidita hai kintu jAti meM to jAti nahIM mAnI jAtI, taba usa meM strItvAdi jAti bhI nahIM jAyegI, ataH strItvAdi jAti ke AdhAra para strIliMga - purliMga aura napuMsakaliMga kI vyavasthA 'jAti' Adi zabdoM meM vyApaka na banane se nyUnatA hogI' to yaha doSApAdana naiyAyikAdi ke mata ko dhUmila kara sakatA hai, anekadharmAtmaka eka vastuvAdI jainoM ke mata meM to aise doSa ko avakAza hI nahIM hai / jaina mata meM gotvAdi sAmAnya ko 'go' Adi Azraya se sarvathA bhinna evaM samavAya sambandha se go Adi vastu ke sAtha sambaddha hone kA nahIM mAnA gayA, ataH 'jAti' Adi zabdoM kI pravRtti strItvAdi apara sAmAnya rUpa liMga ke abhAva meM bhI ho sakatI hai, na ho sake aisA nahIM hai / isI taraha saMkhyA bhI hama naiyAyika Adi kI taraha svatantra nahIM kintu sApekSabhAva rUpa mAnate haiM isI liye ekavyakti rUpa patnI ke liye 'dArA:' Adi bahutva saMkhyA kA nirdeza aura aneka vyakti ke samudAya rUpa vana yA senAdi ke liye 'vanam, senA' aise ekatva saMkhyA kA nirdeza karane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / vastu strItva - puMstva Adi tathA akatva - bahutva Adi ananta dharmoM se vyApta rahatI hai ataH vivakSA ke anusAra kabhI kisI eka dharma kI pradhAnatA dikhAne ke liye tadanurUpa zabdaprayoga ke dvArA vividharUpa se pratipAdana karane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / jaina sammata jAtipakSa meM dUSaNa niravakAza jainamata meM sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ko hI zAbdabuddhi aura liMgajabuddhi kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai, na kevala vyakti ko aura na kevala jAti ko / prajJAkaramata ke anuyAyIyoM ne, [132-38] "jo jisa jJAna meM bhAsita hotA hai vahI usa jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai, zabda- liMgajanya buddhi meM bAhyArthapratibhAsazUnya sirpha apanA (buddhi kA ) svarUpa hI bhAsita hotA hai isa liye vahI usa kA viSaya ho sakatA hai, na ki jAti.." ityAdi anumAna prayoga dikhA kara, jAtipakSa meM jo doSaparamparA kA nivedana kiyA hai ki " jAti nirvikalpa pratyakSa meM bhAsita nahIM hotI kyoMki nirvikalpa meM sirpha asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA hI anubhava hotA hai, savikalpapratyakSa me bhI jAti kA anubhava nahIM hotA, kyoMki usa meM bhI sphuTa vyaktisvarUpa ke vyavasAya ke alAvA varNAkRtiakSarAkArazUnya kisI kA bhAna nahIM hotA, jAtivAdI to jAti ko varNAkRtiakSarAkArazUnya mAnate haiM, 'zabdaliMgajanya buddhi Jain Educationa International -- For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 zabdArthayostu sAkSAt tadutpatti- tAdAtmyalakSaNasambandhamantareNA'pi sambandhaH pareNA'bhyupagantavyaH anyathA 'yat sat tat sarvaM kSaNikam, akSaNike krama- yaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAt saMzva zabda:' iti, 'yat kiMcit sat tat sarvamakSaNikam, kSaNike'rthakriyAnupalabdheH saMtha dhvaniH' iti sAdhanavAkyayoH svaparAbhipretArthasUcakayoH svalakSaNA'saMsparzitvena bhedAbhAvAt sAdhana-tadAbhAsavyavasthAnupapattiprasaktiH / ameM bhI varNAkRtiakSarAkArazUnya AkAra kA bhAna nahIM hotA kintu vahA~ zabda kA athavA vyakti kA hI AkAra bhAsita hotA hai, "uparAMta ina jJAnoM meM jo bhAsita hotA hai vaha arthakriyAsamartha padArtha hI bhAsita hotA hai jaba ki jAti to dAhapAkAdi arthakriyA meM samartha nahIM hai, isa liye kadAcit usa kA bhAna aMgIkAra kareM to bhI vaha pravRttihetu nahIM ho sakatI, 'lakSitalakSaNA se usa ke dvArA svalakSaNa meM pravRtti hone kA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki jAti kA vyakti ke sAtha kucha sambandha bhI sthApita nahIM hotA, 'sambandha ke hone para bhI pratyakSAdi se usa kA avagama zakya nahIM hai isa liye jAti kA bhAna mAnane para bhI sambandha ke dvArA vyakti meM pravRt azakya hai"....ityAdi saba doSaparamparA jainamata meM sarvathA niravakAza hai kyoMki jainamata meM vyakti se sarvathA bhinna varNAdizUnya aura vyakti meM samaveta prakAra kI jAti kA abhyupagama hI nahIM hai| jaina mata meM jAti-vyakti kA ekAntabheda mAnya nahIM hai / isaliye bheda samajha kara jo yaha kahA hai 'kisI eka ke bhAsita hone para bhI dUsare kA pratibhAsa na hone se una ke sambandha kA avagama zakya nahIM, kyoMki do meM rahane vAle sambandha kA bhAna kisI eka ke bhAna se nahIM hotA'.... ityAdi kathana ko avakAza hI nahIM hai / jainamata kA pratipAdana hI aisA hai ki vastu sAmAnya vizeSobhayAtmaka hone kA anubhava sabhI ko hotA hai, usa meM jJAtavya yaha hai ki jAti-vyakti meM kisI eka kA bhAna jaba pradhAnarUpa se hotA hai taba dUsare kA gauNarUpa se hotA hai, isa kA mUla hai sAmagrIbheda / kabhI jAti ko pradhAnarUpa se camakAnevAlI kSayopazamAdi sAmagrI maujUda rahatI hai taba jAti kA pradhAna rUpa se aura vyakti kA gauNarUpa se bhAna hotA hai, isI taraha ulaTA bhI samajha lenA / isa prakAra sAmagrIbheda se hI pratyakSAdi buddhi meM kabhI jAti kA vizadarUpa se yA avizadarUpa se bhAna hotA hai / yaha bhI jo pahale kahA thA ki 'vyaktiparamparA niravadhi arthAt ananta hai, ekasAtha to kisI ko bhI sarvavyakti kA bhAna nahIM hotA, kramaza: bhI anantavyakti kA bhAna zakya nahIM hai, isa liye vyaktiyoM kA jAti ke sAtha sambandha kA upalambha zakya nahIM hai' yaha dUSaNa bhI jAti - vyakti kA kathaMcid abheda kahane vAle ke pakSa meM niravakAza hone se usa kA uttara dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / abheda hone se vyakti ke sAtha gauNa - mukhya kisI ekarUpa se jAti kA bhAna saralatA se ho jAtA hai / zabda aura artha kA sambandha avazya svIkArya 1 Jain Educationa International 249 zabda aura artha kA tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti sambandha bhale nahIM mAne kintu kisI na kisI eka sambandha kA svIkAra bauddhavAdI ko karanA hI paDegA / yadi nahIM mAneMge to Age likhe anusAra sAdhana aura sAdhanAbhAsa ke bheda kI vyavasthA saMgata nahIM kara pAyegeM - bauddha kA yaha sAdhanavAkya hai ki 'jo kucha sat hai vaha saba kSaNika hai, kyoMki akSaNikapakSa meM krama se athavA ekasAtha honevAlI arthakriyA ke sAtha virodha AtA hai, zabda bhI sat hai / ' isa ke sAmane akSaNikavAdI kA aisA sAdhanavAkya hai, 'jo kucha sat hai vaha saba akSaNika hai kyoMki kSaNika pakSa meM arthakriyA upalabdha nahIM hotI, zabda bhI sat hai / ' apohavAdI ke anusAra, apane aura parAye For Personal and Private Use Only

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam dhAnyatarasAdhanavAkyasya pAramparyeNa svalakSaNapratibandhAditarasmAd vizeSastarhyaniSTamapi vAcya-vAcakayoH sambandhAntaraM hetuphalabhAvavilakSaNaM sAmarthyaprAptaM pareNAbhyupagataM bhavati / na ca zabdasya kvacid vyabhicAradarzanAt sarvatrA'nAzvAsAdaprAmANyakalpanA yuktimatI, pratyakSasyApi tathAbhAvaprasakteH / api ca anyavivakSAyAmanyazabdadarzanAd vivakSAyAmapi kvacid vyabhicArAt sarvatrAnAzvAsAt kathaM vivakSAvizeSasUcakA api te syuH ? atha 'suvivecitaM kAryaM kAraNaM na vyabhicarati' [ 1 itinyAyAd vivakSAsUcakatvaM zabdavizeSANAM na virudhyate tarhi yenaiva pratibandhena zabdavizeSo vivakSAvizeSasUcakastata evArthavizeSapratipAdako'sau kiM nAbhyupagamyate !! atha svAbhidhitsitArthapratipAdanazaktivaikalyAdanyathApi prAyazo'bhidhAnavRttidarzanAd vicitrAbhisandhitvAt puruSANAM visaMvAdazaMkayA vaktrabhiprAye'pi teSAM prAmANyaM nAbhyupagamyate iti na tannyAyena bAster eSAM prAmANyaprasaktiH / nanvevamaprAmANye sarvavyavahArocchedaprasaktiH, tathAhi - yajjAtIyAt kvacit kadAcid yathAbhUtaM dRSTaM tAdRzAdeva sarvadA sarvatra tathAbhUtameva bhavatIti nirabhaprAyeSvapi padArtheSu ni 250 abhipreta artha ke sUcaka uparokta donoM sAdhanavAkyoM kA svalakSaNa artha ke sAtha koI bhI sambandha na hone se donoM apAramArthika arthasUcaka hone meM koI bheda nahIM rahegA / phalataH eka ko sAdhana aura anya ko sAdhanAbhAsa mAnanA galata hogA / yadi kaheM ki 'do meM se eka sAdhanavAkya paramparayA svalakSaNa artha ke sAtha sambandha dhAraka hai, dUsarA sAdhanavAkya paramparayA svalakSaNa ke sAtha sambandhadhAraka nahIM hai isaliye una donoM meM saralatA se bhedajJAna ho jAyegA / ' to icchA na hote huye bhI Apane vAcya aura vAcaka donoM meM kArya kAraNabhAva se atirikta paramparA sambandha mAna hI liyA jo ki pUrvokta tarkayukti ke bala se siddha hotA hai / kabhI kabhI zabda se galata arthabodha bhI ho jAtA hai itane mAtra se samasta zabdoM meM avizvAsa kara ke una ko apramANa ghoSita karanA kataI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki aisA kareMge to kabhI kabhI pratyakSa se bhI galata arthabodha hotA hai isa liye samuce pratyakSa ko bhI apramANa ghoSita karanA paDegA / uparAMta, pahale Apane yaha kahA thA ki ' zabda liMga bana kara vaktA kI vivakSA kA anumAna karAtA hai' [185-13] isa ke Upara bhI aba prazna hogA ki vivakSA kucha ora hogI aura zabda kucha anya hI vivakSA dikhAyegA to vahA~ bhI vyabhicAra pragaTa hone se kisI bhI zabda se sahI vivakSA kA patA calane meM vizvAsa na rahane se, zabda ko vivakSA - vizeSa kA sUcaka anumApaka bhI kaise mAna sakeMge ? yadi kaheM ki - 'suvivecita kArya kAraNavyabhicArI nahIM hotA' isa nyAya ke anusAra vivakSAsUcana rUpa kArya kA jina zabdoM ke sAtha janya-janaka bhAva sunirIkSita hai una zabdoM kA vivakSAsUcakatva se virodha kabhI nahIM hotA' - to zabdasambandhavAdI kA yaha kahanA bhI nyAyasaMgata hI hai ki jisa sambandha ke dvArA niyata zabda niyata vivakSA kA sUcaka mAnanA cAhate ho usI sambandha ke dvArA niyata artha kA hI sUcaka mAna lene meM kyA harakata hai ? zabda pramANa na mAnane para vyavahArabhaMga doSa - Jain Educationa International - = bauddha : Apa vivakSA meM zabda ke prAmANya kA Alambana le kara zabda ko bAhyArtha meM bhI pramANa siddha karanA cAhate haiM yaha galata hai / kAraNa, hama to vivakSA yAnI vaktA ke abhiprAya meM bhI zabda ko pramANa nahIM mAnate, isa ke kAraNa ye haiM ki zabda meM vivakSita artha ke pratipAdana kI zakti vAstava meM nahIM hotI, vaktA For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 251 yamo nopalabhyate, indhanAdisAmagrIto'nalaprAdurbhAvadarzane'pyekadA maNyAdiprabhavatvenApi tasya samIkSaNAt kathaM kAryahetAvaNyavyabhicAritvanibandhanaM prAmANyaM pareNAbhyupagantuM yuktam ? tathA, yadyapi bahulaM vRkSasyaiva bhU(ca)tasyopalambhastathApi kvacit kadAcillatAtmatayA'pyAgrasya darzanAt ziMzapA vRkSasvabhAvameva bibhartIti kathaM prekSApUrvakAriNAM niHzaMkaM ceto bhavet ? yato 'latA ca syAt ziMzapA ca' naivAtra kazcid virodhaH iti 'vRkSo'yaM ziMzapAtvAt' iti svabhAvahetorapyavyabhicAranibandhanaprAmANyAbhyupagamaH parasya vizIryaMta / atha svabhAvasya bhAvA'bhAve'pi bhavato niHsvabhAvatA'patteravyabhicAralakSaNaM prAmANyam tAdAtmyAt, kAryasyApi kAraNA'bhAve bhavataH kAryatvAbhAvApattestadutpattisvarUpA'vyabhicAranibandhanaM prAmANyaM vidyata ityanumAnasya prAmANyam / nanvevaM yAdRzaM yAhagbhUtaM svasantAne vivakSAjJAnamutpannaM tAdRgbhUtameva zrotRsantAne jJAnamutpAdayitukAmo vacanamuccArayan parArthaM vA'numAnaM tadabhyupagacchan zabdAnAM bahirarthe sambandhanimittaM prAmANyaM kathaM pratikSipet ? athA'numAnasyApi prAmANyamavyabhicArA'pratipattitaH eva nAbhyupagamyate, kutastarhi tattvavyavasthA ? na pratyakSAt, tatrApi svArthAvyabhicAritvasya prAmANyanibandhanasyA'sambhavAt bhavadabhiprAyeNa sambhave'pi pratyakSAdinA pratipattumazakteH prAmANyA'siddheH / nApi svasaMvedanamAtrAt, tasyApi grAhya-grAhakAkArazUnyasya kA abhiprAya kucha hotA hai aura zabda se kucha anya hI artha kA pratipAdana ho jAtA hai aisA kaI bAra dekhA gayA hai, manuSyoM ke abhiprAya bhI taraha taraha ke hote haiM - kabhI kabhI bhinna bhinna abhiprAya rahane para bhI samAna zabdaprayoga hotA hai to kabhI kabhI samAna abhiprAya rahane para zabdaprayoga bhinna bhinna hotA hai, aura aisA hone para sarvatra visaMvAda kI dahezata banI rahatI hai - ina sabhI kAraNoM se yahI niSkarSa phalita hotA hai ki zabda vivakSA meM bhI pramANa nahIM hai / ata eva usa ke samAna nyAya se jo Apa bAhyArtha meM zabda ko pramANa siddha karanA cAhate haiM vaha bhI nAmumakIna hai / jaina : yadi aise tarkAbhAsa se Apa zabdaprAmANya kA sarvathA tiraskAra kareMge to sarvadeza-kAla meM zabdamUlaka jitane bhI vyavahAra prasiddha haiM una sabhI kA uccheda ho jAyegA / suniye, Apane to puruSa ke abhiprAyoM kI vicitratA darzAyI, lekina padArtha to nirabhiprAya hote huye bhI una meM aisA koI niyama upalabdha nahIM hotA ki "eka jAti vAle artha se eka bAra kabhI kahIM jaise artha kA udbhava dekhA gayA, sarvatra sarvakAla meM usa jAtivAle artha se hI vaise hI samAna artha kA udbhava hotA ho / ' udA0 kabhI kahIM indhanAdi sAmagrI se agni kA udbhava dikhatA hai phira bhI dUsare deza-kAla meM kabhI maNi (= sUryakAnta maNi athavA bilorI kAca) Adi se bhI agni kA udbhava dekhane ko milatA hai / aba batAiye ki kArya hetuka anumAna meM Apa kaise avyabhicAramUlaka prAmANya sthApita kareMge ? isI taraha, Ama kI upalabdhi hAlA~ ki bAra bAra vRkSarUpa meM hI hotI hai, phira bhI kabhI kahIM latArUpa meM bhI Amra milatA hai yaha jAna lene ke bAda, 'sIsama bhI vRkSasvabhAva hI dharatA hai' aisA ni:zaMka nizcaya buddhijIvI ko kaise ho sakegA ? kyoMki 'latA bhI ho aura sIsama bhI' isa tarkaNA meM koI virodha to hai nahIM, ata: 'yaha vRkSa hai kyoMki sIsama hai' isa svabhAvahetuka anumAna meM avyabhicAramUlaka prAmANyaaMgIkAra Apa nahIM kara skeNge|

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252 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yathAtattvamabhyupagatasyAnanubhUyamAnatvena svata evA'vyasthitatvAt kutaH tattvavyavasthApakatvam ? atha pratibhAsopamatvaM sarvabhAvAnAmiti na kiMcit tattvamiti na kutazcit tadvyavasthA'smAbhirabhyupagamyate yena tadavyavasthAlakSaNaM dUSaNaM yuktaM bhavet / asamyagetat, zUnyatAyA niSetsyamAnatvAt / tasmAt pramANavyavahAriNA yadi pratyakSAdikaM pramANamabhyupagamyate tadA zabdo'pi bahirarthe pramANatayA'bhyupagantavyaH prAmANyanibandhanasya sAmAnyavizeSAtmakabAhyArthapratibandhasya paramparayA tatrApi sadbhAvAt tatraiva ca zabdAccakSurAderiva niyamena pratipatti-pravRtti-prAptilakSaNavyavahAradarzanAt guNa-doSayocobhayatrApi samAnatvAt / na cA'smAbhirmImAMsakairivApauruSeyaH zabdArthayoH sambandho'bhyupagamyate yena - - "vikalpanirmitasya tasya nRtyAdikriyAderiva kathamapauruSeyatvaM syAt ? svata eva zabdasyArthapratipAdanayogyatAyAM saMketA'darzino'pi zabdAdarzapratipattizca syAt, tato'narthakaH saMketaH / svAbhAvikasambandhAbhivyavaJjakatvopayogakalpanAyAM ca saMketasya yatheSTaM zabdAnAmartheSu saMketo na syAt / na hyabhivyaMjakasaMnidhiniyamenAbhivyaMgyasyopalabdhiM janayati pradIpAdiriva ghaTasya, zabdAbhivyaktisAMkaryavat sambandhAbhivyaktisAMkaryamapi prasajyeta / tatazca saMketAt sambandhAbhivyaktipratiniyamAbhAvAt tadvivakSitArthapratipattiniyamasyApyabhAva iti sarvasmAd vAcakAt sarvasyArthasya pratipattiH sakRdeva prasajyeta / tataH saMke bauddha : AzaMkita svabhAva ke na hone para bhI yadi usa kA Azraya raha sakatA hai taba to vaha ni:svabhAva ho jAne kI Apatti hai, isa bAdhakatarka ke bala se tAdAtmyamUlaka svabhAvahetuka anumAna se avyabhicAramUlaka prAmANya sthApita hotA hai / tathA 'kArya bhI yadi vinA kAraNa utpanna hogA to usa ke tatkAryatva kA hI bhaMga ho jAyegA' isa bAdhakatarka ke bala se tadutpattimUlaka kAryahetuka anumAna meM avyabhicAramUlaka prAmANya sthApita hotA hai| jaina : jaise Apa anumAna meM prAmANya sthApita karate haiM vaise hI zabda meM bhI vaha sthApita ho sakatA hai / Apake apane santAna meM jaisA rUpAdijJAna utpanna huA hai vaisA hI zrotA ke santAna meM jJAna utpanna karane kI kAmanA se jaba Apa vacanoccAra karate haiM taba Apa bhI una zabdoM ko sArthaka mAnate haiM athavA parArtha anumAna pramANa ke rUpa meM usa kA aMgIkAra karate haiM, phira bAhyArtha meM bhI yatkiMcit sambandha mUlaka zabdagataprAmANya kA svIkAra karane meM kyoM jhIjhaka karate haiM ?! tattvavyavasthA ke liye anumAnavat zabda pramANa yadi aisA kahA jAya ki - anumAna meM bhI avyabhicAra kA avadhAraNa duSkara hone se prAmANya svIkArya nahIM hai - to prazna khaDA hai ki tattvavyavasthA kisa pramANa se hogI ? pratyakSa se nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki vahA~ prAmANyaprayojaka arthAvyabhicAra kA sambhava nahIM hai / kadAcit Apa kI icchAnusAra vahA~ arthAvyabhicAra maujUda ho phira bhI pratyakSAdi usa ke grahaNa meM sazakta nahIM hone se pratyakSa kA prAmANya hI jaba taka siddha nahIM hai, usa se tattvavyavasthA kaise hogI ? yadi kaheM ki (yogAcAramatAnusAra) svasaMvedanamAtra se tattvavyavasthA hogI - to yaha sambhava nahIM kyoMki grAhya-grAhakAkArazUnya jaisA saMvedana Apa ko mAnya hai vaisA kisI ko bhI anubhavopArUDha nahIM hai ata: vaha svayaM hI vyavasthita nahIM, tattva kI vyavasthA kyA karegA ? yadi kaheM - 'bhAvamAtra pratibhAsatulya

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 253 takaraNaM vivakSitArthapratipattyarthaM na bhavet, na hyekAntanityeSu zabdeSu tatsambandhe vA tAlvAdivyApAraH saMketo vA kadAcidabhivyaMjakaH kadAcina iti yuktmutpshyaamH| tadarthasyApi sAmAnyasya nityatve tadavasthaH prsNgH| tat punaH sAmAnya vyaktyA kvacit kadAcit vyajyate na veti vyaktAvyaktasvabhAvabhinnaM nityatvaikAntamativarttate / sAmAnyAnAM ca sarvagatatve zabdatatsambandhavadabhivyaktisAMkaryamAsajyate, idamasyAM vyaktau varttate netarasyAm iti vizeSAbhAvAt kutaH samavAyiniyamaH syAt ? saMsthAnAdivyatiriktaM sAmAnyaM kacidapyanupalabhyamAnaM kathaM zabdasaMketaviSayo bhavet yena tat tacchabdAbhidheyaM syAt" - ityAdikamapi dUSaNamasmanmatAnupAti syAt / hai, yAnI usa kA mithyAAbhAsa hI hotA hai, vAstava meM kucha bhI tattva astitva meM nahIM hai, isa liye kisI se bhI tattva kI vyavasthA hone kA prazna hI nahIM hai jisa se ki hamAre mata meM avyavasthArUpa doSa thopA jA sake / ' - yaha kathana galata hai kyoMki agrima grantha meM hama sarvazUnyatAvAda kA pratiSedha kara dikhalAyeMge / sArAMza, pramANa se vyavahAra karane vAle Apa agara pratyakSa yA anumAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM, to zabda ko bhI bAhyArtha meM pramANa mAnanA anivArya hai, kyoMki prAmANya kA prayojaka hotA hai sAmAnyavizeSAtmakabAhyArtha kA sambandha, jo ki paramparA se zabda ke sAtha bhI maujUda hai / netra Adi ke dvArA jaise niyamata: bAhyArtha kA bhAna, usa meM pravRtti aura usa kI prApti Adi vyavahAra sampanna hotA hai vaise hI zabda ke dvArA bhI niyamata: bAhyArtha ke ukta vyavahAra sampanna hote haiM / guNadoSa to jaise netrAdi meM hote haiM vese hI zabda meM bhI ho sakate haiN| mImAMsaka mata ke doSa jaina mata meM niravakAza hamArA (jainoM kA) mata mImAMsaka jaisA nahIM hai, mImAMsaka mata meM sarvajJa mAnya na hone se, zabda-artha kA sambandha veda kI taraha apauruSeya mAnA gayA hai, kintu jaina mata meM to zabda aura artha kA svAbhAvika vAcya-vAcakabhAva sambandha mAnA gayA hai isa liye mImAMsaka mata ke Upara jo nimnalikhita doSAropaNa bauddha kI aura se kiyA gayA hai vaha jaina mata meM lAgu nahIM hotaa| bauddha kI ora se mImAMsaka ko yaha kahA gayA hai ki nRtyAdikriyA jaise vikalpajanya hone se apauruSeya nahIM hotI aise hI zabdArthasambandha bhI vikalpakRta hone se apauruSeya nahIM ho sakatA / zabda meM yadi svata: arthabodhanayogyatA hotI to saMketa se ajJAta vyakti ko bhI zabda sunane para yathArthabodha utpanna ho jAne se saMketa kI nirarthakatA prasakta hogii| yadi kaheM ki - 'zabda-artha ke svAbhAvika sambandha kI abhivyakti ke liye saMketa upayogI ho kara sArthaka hotA hai' - to yaha kalpanA vyartha hai kyoMki saMketakartA apanI marjI anusAra vividha arthoM meM zabda kA saMketa karate haiM aura tadanusAra arthabodha bhI hotA hai - isa kI saMgati nahIM hogI yadi saMketa ko svAbhAvikasambandha kI abhivyakti meM upayogI mAneMge to / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki pradIpa se ghaTa kI taraha abhivyaMjaka kA saMnidhAna niyamata: abhivyaMgya kI upalabdhi nipajAve aisA hai nahIM / ata: zabdanityatvavAdI ke mata meM jaise zabdAbhivyakti meM sAMkarya doSa prasakta hotA hai vaise hI sambandhAbhivyakti meM bhI sAMkarya doSa prasakta hogA, arthAt kisI eka zabdArtha sambandha kI abhivyakti karane para anya anya zabdArthasambandha kI abhivyakti kA aniSTa hogA / phalata: saMketa sambandha kI abhivyakti ke bAre meM koI vyavasthita niyama ke na rahane se vivakSita artha ke bodha meM bhI koI spaSTa niyama nahIM rahegA / pariNAsvarUpa, pratyeka vAcaka zabda se eka sAtha hI sabhI arthoM kA bodha ho jAne kI vipadA AyegI / sArAMza, vivakSita arthabodha ke liye saMketa kI upayogitA nahIM ho sakatI /

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254 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na ca samAnA'samAnapariNAmAtmakavyaktInAmAnantyAt tiryaksAmAnyasya caikasya sarvavyaktivyApino vyattayupalakSaNabhUtasyAnabhyupagamAt tadabhyupagame'pi tadyogAt tAsAmAnantyA'vinivRtterna saMketastAsu sambhavatIti vaktavyam atadrUpaparAvRttAgnidhUmavyaktInAmAnantye'pi yathA pratibandhaH parasparaM nizcIyate - anyathAnumAnotthAnAbhAvaprasakterna kSaNikatvAditattvavyavasthA syAt anyasya tadvyavasthApakasyA'sambhavAt - tathA yathoktavyaktInAmAnantye'pi saMketasambhavo yukta eva / sa ca sambandho'gnidhUmavyaktInAM pratyakSeNaiva grahItavyaH pareNa, anumAnena grahaNe'navasthetaretarAzrayadoSaprasaMgAt / na ca darzanapRSThabhAvinA vikalpena tatsAmarthyabalodbhUtena svavyApArotprekSAti(?pu)raskAreNa darzanavyApArAnusAriNA laukikAnAM pratyakSAbhimA yaha bhI vicAranA jarUrI hai ki jaba zabda yA usa kA artha ke sAtha sambandha ekAnta se nitya hai taba (kramaza:) mukha-tAlu Adi aMgo kI kriyA athavA saMketa kabhI kabhI zabda yA sambandha ko abhivyakta kare aura kabhI na kare yaha bAta yuktisaMgata nahIM lagatI / evaM zabda ke artharUpa meM mAnya sAmAnya padArtha bhI ekAnta se nitya hogA to kabhI usa kA zabda se bodha ho aura kabhI na ho yaha bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / vyakti ke mAdhyama se jo jAti kI abhivyakti hotI hai vaha bhI kabhI ho kabhI na ho aisA mAnane para vyakta-avyakta virodhI svabhAva ke jariye bheda prasakta hone se ekAntanityatva bhI lupta ho jAyegA / uparAMta, sAmAnya yadi AkAza Adi kI taraha sarvagata hogA to zabda aura sambandha ke bAre meM jaise abhivyakti sAMkarya kA doSa Upara batAyA hai vaha yahA~ bhI lAgU hogaa| yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki gotvAdi sAmAnya kA samavAya sambandha jaba vinA pakSapAta ke vyApaka hai to phira vaha govyakti meM hI rahe, azvAdi meM na rahe usa kA niyAmaka kauna hogA ! tathA gau ke darzana meM gau ke sAsnAdi avayavoM kA bodha hotA hai kintu usa se atirikta kisI gotvAdi sAmAnya kA bodha nahIM hotA, phira kaise vaha zabda yA saMketa kA viSaya mAnA jAya aura use 'go' Adi zabdoM kA vAcya bhI kaise mAnA jAya ? ye saba ekAntavAdI mImAMsaka (aura naiyAyika) ke mata meM bauddha kI aura se dikhAye gaye dUSaNa anekAntavAdI jaina mata meM niravakAza haiM kyoMki yahA~ sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu ko zabdagocara kahA gayA hai / vyakti ananta hone para bhI saMketa kI upapatti* yadi yaha kahA jAya - 'jaina mata meM samAnA-asamAnapariNAmAtmakavyakti ko saMketa kA viSaya dikhAyA jAtA hai kintu yaha asaMbhava hai kyoMki tAdRza vyakti ananta haiM, una sabhI meM vyApaka ho aura upalakSaNa bana kara una kA bodha karAve aisA eka tiryak sAmAnya to Apa mAnate nahIM hai, kadAcit usa ko mAna le to bhI usa ke yoga se vyakti saba eka nahIM ho jAyegI kintu ananta hI rahegI, taba una eka eka meM kaise saMketa ho sakegA?' - to yaha prazna ayukta hai, kyoMki bauddhamata meM anagnivyAvRtta agni vyaktiyA~ ananta haiM aura adhUmavyAvRtta dhUma vyaktiyA~ bhI ananta haiM tathApi yahA~ eka dUsare kA yAnI dhUma meM agni kA avinAbhAvAtmaka sambandha nizcita hone kA mAnA jAtA hai; usa ko nahIM mAneMge to bauddhamata meM kisI bhI anumAna kA utthAna ruka jAne se kSaNikatvAdi jo ki pratyakSa ke viSaya nahIM hote, una tattvoM kI cAru vyavasthA nahIM ho sakegI, kyoMki anumAna ke alAvA aura koI usa kA vyavasthApaka bauddha mata meM nahIM hai / ata: una kI vyavasthA ke liye anumAna karane hetu vyAptirUpa sambandha kA grahaNa mAnanA hI hogA - ThIka aise hI vyakti anaMta hote hue bhI una meM

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 255 naviSayatvena sthitena pratibandhagrahaNAderupapatteranumAnapravRttirbhaviSyati, tajjanakaM vA darzanaM tathAvidhavikalpe svavyApArAropakatvena vikalparUpatAmApannaM puurvoktkaaryjnktvaadnumaanprvRttinimittm| vikalpasyaiva prAmANyaprasakteH / tathAhi pratyakSe nirvikalpe satyapi yatraiva yathokto vikalpastatraiva pravRttyAdivyavahArakartRtvena tasya prAmANyaM nAnyatra, anumAnavikalpe ca pratyakSAbhAve'pi pravRttyAdivyavahAravidhAyakatvena prAmANyamityanvaya-vyatirekAbhyAM vikalpasyaiva prAmANyam / iti pratyakSAnumAnapramANadvayavAdinAM vyAptigrAhako vi. kalpaH pratyakSaM pramANamabhyupagantavyaH / tatra yathA vyaktInAmAnantye'pi pratyakSataH pratibandhasiddhistathA saMketaviSayatvamapi tAsAM tata eva setsyati / ata evAnumAna-zAbdayoH sAmagrIbhedAd bhede'pi pratyakSeNa sahaikaviSayatvam anyathA'parasya pratibandhagrAhakasya parAbhyupagamenA'sambhavAt - tayorapravRttiprasaktiH / vikalpasya pratibandhagrAhakatve tadviSayasyA'vastutvAnna kenacit kAryakAraNabhAvastAdAtmyaM vA / na ca vikalpaviSayayordarzanaviSayatvena sthitayoH kAryakAraNabhAvastAdAtmyaM vA, vikalpaviSayasya vastudarzanabalodbhUtavikalpapradarzitasya tadrUpatvaM tattvato'nyasaMketa kA grahaNa bhI sambhavArUDha mAnanA yuktiyukta hai| yahA~ - 'ananta vyakti meM bhI saMketaviSayatA kA grahaNa vikalpAtmaka pratyakSa se hI ho sakegA' - isa bAta ko puSTa karane ke liye vyAkhyAkAra pahale bauddhamata meM vyAptirUpa saMbandha kA grahaNa kaise hogA yaha samIkSA karate hue kahate haiM - vikalpa kI mahimA se vyApti kA grahaNa agni aura dhUma vyaktiyoM kA vyApti sambandha bauddhamata meM pratyakSa se hI gRhIta ho sakegA na ki anumAna se, kyoMki usa anumAna ke bhI vyAptisambandha ko grahaNa karane ke liye anya anya anumAna kI AvazyakatA ho jAne se anavasthA doSa hogA, tathA pahale anumAna se dUsare anumAna meM upayogI sambandha' kA grahaNa - dUsare anumAna se 'pahale anumAna meM upayogI sambandha' kA grahaNa - aisA mAnane para anyonyAzraya doSa hogaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "darzana ke bAda, darzana ke hI sAmarthyabala se utpanna hone vAle, darzana ke vyApAra ko Age baDhAne vAle evaM apane utprekSA (Uha) nAmaka vyApAra ko puraskRta karate hue janasAdhAraNa ko jisa meM pratyakSatva kA abhimAna hotA hai aise (ina vizeSaNoM se yukta) vikalpa se hI vyApti sambandha kA grahaNa ho jAne se anumAna kI pravRtti ho jAyegI / athavA aise vikalpa kA utpAdaka darzana hI usa vikalpa meM apane vyApAra kA Aropaka hone ke nAte vikalpasvarUpatA ko AtmasAt kara ke sambandha ko grahaNa karegA isa liye vaha darzana hI anumAnapravRtti kA nimitta bana jAyegA !" - aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki isa taraha to vikalpa ke Upara hI prAmANya kA abhiSeka ho jAtA hai / (jo Apa ko iSTa nahIM) / suniye - vikalpa meM nimnokta anvaya-vyatireka se prAmANya siddha hotA hai, nirvikalpa pratyakSa hote hue bhI jisa viSaya meM pUrvoktasvarUpa vikalpa kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai usa viSaya meM hI pravRttiAdi vyavahAra ke sampAdana se darzana ko pramANa mAnA jAtA hai, jisa viSaya meM vikalpa kA prAdurbhAva nahIM hotA usa viSaya meM nahIM (yaha vyatireka hai) / tathA anumAna jo ki eka vikalparUpa hI hai vaha darzanajanita na hone para bhI (yAnI vahA~ darzana kA kucha bhI vyApAra na rahane para bhI) apane viSaya meM pravRtti Adi vyavahAra sampAdana meM paTu hone se pramANabhUta mAnA jAtA hai (yaha anvaya huA) / isa prakAra pravRtti Adi ke liye vikalpa kA hI anvaya-vyatirekta se mahattva yAnI pramANya siddha hotA hai / sArAMza, pratyakSa-anumAna

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256 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam thAbhUtasyApyAropyata iti kRtvA, yato 'yatra vyAptigrahaNaM na tatra tAttvikaH pratibandhaH yatra tvasau na tatra pratibandhagrahaNam', ityanumAnapravRttimabhyupagacchatA pratyakSaviSayatvaM tasyA'bhyupagantavyam / anumAnatulyaviSayatvaM ca zAbdapratyayasya pareNApyabhyupagamyata eva, tasya parArthAnumAnatvAbhyupagamAt / yadi punarvikalpapratibhAsinyavastuni saMketaH punazca tatra pratipattiH kathaM vastu-tatsAmAnyasaMketAdasya vizeSaH syAt ? vikalpAnAmabhAvaviSayatvaikAnte tattvamithyAtvavyavasthiteranupapattizca / api ca zabdairvikalpairvA yadyabhAvaH pratIyate - 'bhAvo na pratIyate' - iti kriyApratiSedhAna kiMcit kRtaM syAt / yadi punarabhiprAyA'visaMvAdAt satyArthatvavyavasthitiH, kathaM 'ekaM zAstraM yuktaM nA'param' iti vyavasthA yujyeta vipakSavAdinAmapi do hI pramANa mAnane vAle bauddha ko vyAptigrAhaka savikalpa pratyakSa pramANabhUta svIkAranA hI hogaa| isa prakAra, vyakti anaMta hone para bhI jaise vyApti saMbaMdha kI pratyakSa se siddhi hotI hai vaise hI pratyakSa se una vyaktiyoM meM saMketaviSayatA bhI siddha ho sakatI hai / * pratyakSa meM sambandhagrAhakatA avazyamAnya vyApti sambandha aura saMketaviSayatA kI siddhi pratyakSa se sambhavita hai isI liye anumAna aura zAbdabodha meM vyAptigrAhaka aura saMketagrAhaka pratyakSa kI samAnaviSayatA bhI upapanna hotI hai, bhale sAmagrIbheda se una meM svarUpabheda rahatA ho / samAnaviSayatA ke Upara hI sambandhagraha avalambita hai, yadi samAnaviSayatA nahIM mAneMge to pratyakSa se sambandhagraha nahIM hogA, aura to koI sambandha grAhaka bauddhamata meM ghaTatA nahIM hai, phalata: sambandhagrahaNa ke abhAva meM anumAna aura zAbdabodha bhI ruka jaayegaa| abhI jo Upara bauddha ne kahA thA ki vida thA ki vikalpa se sambandhagrahaNa hogA, vahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki jaba Apa vikalpa ko mithyAjJAna mAnate haiM to usa kA viSaya vastubhUta na hone se eka dusare ke sAtha kAryakAraNa bhAva yA tAdAtmya hI nahIM siddha hogA to kAryahetuka yA svabhAvahetuka anumAna ke liye sambandhagrahaNa kaise hogA ? aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki - "vikalpa ke do viSaya (kArya aura kAraNa Adi) darzana ke bhI viSaya rUpa meM mAnya hai isa liye una meM kAryakAraNabhAva yA tAdAtmya kI saMgati baiTha jAyegI' - kyoMki Apa ke matAnusAra vastudarzana ke bala se utpanna vikalpa ke dvArA pradarzita jo vikalpa ke viSaya haiM una meM vAstava meM tadrUpatA (kAryakAraNabhAvAdi) ke na hone para bhI tadrUpatA kA Aropa ho sakatA hai| yaha bhI isa liye ki vikalpa ke viSayabhUta artha meM yadyapi vyAptigrahaNa hotA hai kintu vAstava meM vahA~ vyApti hotI nahIM hai, vyApti to vAstava meM darzana ke viSaya meM hotI hai kintu vahA~ vyAptigraha nahIM hotA / isa saMkaTa ko TAlane ke liye evaM anumAnapravRtti ko saMgata karane ke liye pratyakSa meM sambandhaviSayatA kA svIkAra anicchayA bhI karanA hogaa| zAbdabodha meM anumAnasamAna viSayatA to bauddha ko mAnya honI hI cAhiye kyoMki vaha zAbdabodha ko atirikta pramANa na mAna kara parArthAnumAnarUpa mAnanA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi bauddha vikalpabhAsita avastu meM saMketa aura kAlAntara meM usI avastu kA bodha mAnatA hai to anya loga jo ki vastu athavA vastugata sAmAnya meM saMketa evaM kAlAntara meM usa kA bodha mAnate haiM una se kyA pharka huA ! jo doSAropaNa vastuvAdI ke pakSa meM kiyA jAyegA vahI apovAdI ke pakSa meM bhI prasakta ho sakegA / tathA, vikalpa ko yadi ekAntata: abhAvaviSayaka hI mAneMge to phira 'yaha yathArtha hai - yaha mithyA hai' yaha vyavasthA bhI zakya nahIM hogI kyoMki darzana

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 257 svAbhiprAyapratipAdanA'visaMvAdanAt ! na cAyamekAntaH 'zabdairbahirA na pratipAdyante', tadvyavahArocchittiprasakteH / dRzyante ca svayamadRSTeSu nadI-dezaparvata-dvIpAdipvAptapraNItatvena nizcitAt tacchabdAt ta. stvapratipattiM kurvANAH / na ca dRSTeSvapi vizeSeSu sampradAyamantareNa maNi-mantrauSadhAdiSu bahulaM tattvanirjI(NI)tiH / na ca tadvizeSA'vinizcaye'pi kathaMciniItirnopapadyate, pratyakSasyApi svaviSayapratipatteH kazcideva sambhavAt / tat 'asAdhAraNaM vastusvarUpamavikalpaviSayabhUtaM paramArthasat, vikalpAnAM pratyakSapRSThabhAvinAm vAcyaviSayANAmanyeSAM ca sarvathA nirviSayatvaM' vyavasthApayannavikalpa eva saugataH / / ____yataH pratyakSaM svalakSaNaM viSayalakSaNaM vA tattvaM na nizcinoti, vikalpakaM punaH sAkalyenA'vastveva nizvinotIti nizcayakriyApratiSedhAna kiMcit kenacinidheyam, anizcitena ca svarUpeNa na tattvavyavastheti pratyakSavacchAbdasyApyubhayAtmakavastunizvAyakatvena prAmANyamabhyupeyam / na ca pratyakSe purovyavasthitaM ghaTAdikaM cakSurjanye zrotraprabhave zabdasvarUpaM ca pratibhAti nAparo vAcya-vAcakabhAvastayoriti vaktuM yuktam yato nAsmAbhirekAntatastayobhinno vAcyavAcakabhAvo'bhyupagamyate - yena tasya pRthak pratibhAsaH syAt - kintu saMketasavyapekSasya zabdasya vAcakatvaM kathaMcidabhinno dharmaH tadapekSayA cArthasyApi vAcyatvaM tathAbhUta eva se to vaha hotI nahIM / uparAMta, jJAtavya hai ki apohavAdI jo kahatA hai ki zabda yA vikalpoM se abhAvapratIti hotI hai - yahA~ prasajyapratiSedha hone para kriyApratiSedha hone se yaha matalaba hogA kI bhAvapratIti nahIM hotI yAnI kucha bhI pratIta nahIM hotA, jo kataI ThIka nahIM / yadi vaktA ke abhiprAya ke avisaMvAda ke AdhAra para satyatva kI vyavasthA karanA ho to 'eka zAstra saccA hai, dUsarA jUThA' yaha vyavasthA kaise ho pAyegI ? vipakSavAdIyoM kA pratipAdana bhI apane apane abhiprAya se to avisaMvAdI hI hote haiN| aisA ekAntavAda bhI nahIM hai ki 'zabda bAhyArtha kA pratipAdaka nahIM hotaa'| aisA ekAnta mAnane para pUrA bAhyArthasambandhI vyavahAra ucchinna ho jAyegA / are, bahuta se aise nadI-deza-parvata-dvIpAdi sthAna haiM jina ko hamane kabhI najaroM se nahIM dekhA phira bhI bhUgolazAstra ke vizvasta praNetAoM ke pramANita granthoM ke dvArA una nadI parvata Adi sthAnoM ke bAre meM yathArthamAhitI prApta karate hue bahuta se loga dikhAI dete haiM / zabda yadi bAhyArtha kA pratipAdaka nahIM hai to yaha kaise hogA ?! nahIM dekhI aisI cIjoM kI kyA bAta, dekhe hue viziSTa maNi-mantra-auSadhAdi ke prabhAvatattva kA nirNayAtmaka jJAna bhI hameM AptaparamparA se hI prApya hotA hai / 'zabda se vastu ke vizeSasvarUpa kA bhAna nahIM hotA' itane mAtra se yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki kucha bhI (sAmAnyasvarUpa kA bhI) bhAna nahIM hotA, pratyakSa se bhI vastu ke sakala vizeSa kA yAnI sampUrNabhAna nahIM hotA, kucha hI vizeSoM kA bhAna hotA hai| sArAMza, "vikalpa kA jo viSaya hI nahIM hai aisA asAdhAraNa vastusvarUpa hI paramArtha sat hai, pratyakSottarakAlabhAvi vikalpa evaM vAcyagrAhI zabdavikalpa sarvathA nirviSaya hI hotA hai| aisI vyavasthA dikhAnevAlA bauddhavAdI svayaM hI nirvikalpa yAnI vicArazUnya jaDa hai / zabdapramANa mAne vinA tattvavyavasthA durlabha kyoM vaha vicArazUnya hai isa kA uttara yaha hai ki usa ke mata meM svalakSaNa athavA viSayasvarUpa ke tattva kA nizcaya pratyakSa (darzana) se nahIM hotA, dUsarI ora vikalpajJAna to sarvathA avastu ko hI nizcita karatA hai, isa prakAra do meM se kisI bhI eka se tattva kI nizcayakriyA janma nahIM pA sakatI / isa kA matalaba,

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258 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam dharmaH / tacca dvayamapi zabdArthapratibhAsasamaye kSayopazamavizeSAvirbhUte kvacijjJAne pratibhAsata eva / tathAhi - 'idamasya vAcyam', 'idaM vA'sya vAcakam' ityullekhavat tadAhiviziSTendriyAdisAmagrIprabhavaM jJAnamanubhUyata eva saMketasamaye / na ca 'asyedaM vAcakam' iti kiM pratipAdakaM yadvA, kAryam kAraNaM vA ?' iti pakSatrayodbhAvanaM kartuM yuktam pratipAdakatvasya vAcakatvapradarzanAt / 'pratipAdakatve'pyadhunA'nyadA vA vizadena rUpeNendriyaprabhava eva jJAne tad vastu pratibhAti na zAbdena, zabdasya tatra sAmarthyAnavadhAraNAt - ityetadapyasaMgatam vihitottaratvAt / dUrasthavRkSAdyarthagrAhiNo'vizadasyApi pratyakSatvapratipAdanAt zAbdasyApi tatpratibhAsaviziSTasya tatra prAmANyena tadutthApaka zabdasya tatra saamrthyaadhigteH| na ca 'yadi zabdenaivAsAvarthaH svarUpeNa pratipAdyate tadAsya sarvathA pratipannatvAt pravRttirna syAt' iti yuktam pratyakSe'pyasya dUSaNasya samAnatvAt / tathAhi - pratyakSeNApi yadi nIlAdiH sarvAtmanA pratipannaH kimarthaM tatra pravarteta ? tathApi pravRttau pravRtteraviratiprasaktiH / athA'pratipanaM kiMcid rUpamasti yadarthaM pravRttiH - ityAdikamapi pratyakSe'pi samAnam / tatrApi hi zakyate evaM vaktum - yadyarthakriyArtha kisI kA nizcaya (= nizcayaviSaya) nahIM hai, jaba tattvasvarUpa hI nizcaya se dUra hai to tattvavyavasthA kaise hogI ? tattvavyavasthA yadi karanA hai to pratyakSa kI bhA~ti zabda ko bhI sAmAnya-vizeSobhayAtmaka vastu kA nizcAyaka mAna kara pramANabhUta mAnanA hogA / yadi yaha kahA jAya - netrajanya pratyakSa meM to sirpha saMmukhavartI ghaTAdi kA hI anubhava hotA hai (zabda kA nahIM) aura zrotrajanya jJAna meM zabdasvarUpa kA hI anubhava hotA hai (artha kA - ghaTAdi kA nahIM) ata: donoM meM se kisI bhI eka meM zabda aura artha ke vAcyavAcakabhAva kI pratIti nahIM hotI - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, hamAre jaina mata meM vAcyavAcakabhAva zabda-artha se ekAntataH bhinna nahIM mAnA jAtA jisa se ki usa kA pRthak pratibhAsa kiyA jA sake / hamArA mata aisA hai ki zabdaniSTha vAcakatva jo ki saMketAvalambI hai vaha zabda kA kathaMcid abhinna dharma hI hai / evaM vAcyatva bhI artha kA saMketAvalambI aisA abhinna dharma hI hai, aura jaba zabda aura artha kA milita pratibhAsa hotA hai usa vakta kSayopazamavizeSa (AtmasAmarthyavizeSa) ke prabhAva se AvirbhUta kisI eka jJAna meM vAcakatva-vAcyatva ye donoM pratibhAsita bhI hote haiM / dekhiye - saMketakriyA kAla meM 'yaha isa se vAcya hai' athavA 'yaha isa kA vAcaka hai' isa prakAra ke ullekha ke sAtha, vAcyatva-vAcakatva ubhaya grAhaka, 'zabdasahakRta indriyAdi viziSTa sAmagrI' se nipajane vAle jJAna kA sabhI ko anubhava hotA hai / - 'yaha isa kA vAcaka hai aise ullekha meM vAcaka yAnI kyA ? pratipAdaka athavA kArya athavA kAraNa ? - aise tIna vikalpoM kA udbhAvana jo pahale kiyA gayA thA [144-24] usa kI kucha bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai kyoMki vAcakatva kA sarvatra pratipAdakatva artha hI pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai / pahale jo kahA thA [144-26] 'zabda se artha kA pratipAdana mAnane para bhI vartamAna meM yA kAlAntara meM, indriyajanya jJAna meM hI vastu vizadAkAra bhAsita hotI hai, zAbdabodha meM nahIM hotI kyoMki vizadAkAra vastupratibhAsa ke liye zabda meM sAmarthya nahIM dikhatA / ' yaha bhI galata hai kyoMki 'indriyajanya jJAna vizada hI hotA hai| isa bAta kA niSedha karate hue pahale hamane isa kA uttara [245-16/17]de diyA hai, jaise: dUravartI vRkSAdi artha kA indriyajanya pratyakSa avizadAkAra hote hue bhI pramANa hI mAnA jAtA hai isI taraha avizadapratibhAsa karAne vAlA zAbdabodha bhI pramAtmaka hone se usa ke janaka zabda meM pramAjananasAmarthya siddha hotA hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 259 nIlAdike pravartate tadA tadevArthaH arthakriyAkSamatvAt, na pratyakSapratibhAtaM nIlAdikaM tasyArthakriyAsAmarthyarahitatvAt / atha tadapi nIlAdikamarthakriyAkSamaM tathApi tadarthakriyArthI tadAdAnAya pravarttate, nanu zAbdapratibhAsepyetat samAnamutpazyAmaH / yadapi 'athA'vizadenAkAreNa zabdAstamartha prakAzayanti tadA'sAvaspaSTa AkAro nendriyagocaraH' tadapyasaMgatam, tasyendriyaviSayatvena pratipAditatvAt tatra pravRttAH zabdAH kathaM nendriyagocare pravRttAH bhavanti ?! yadapi - 'zrutaM pazyAmi' ityekatvAdhyavasAye dRSTarUpatayA zrutAdhyavasAye dRSTameva, zrutarUpatayA dRSTasya grahaNe zrutameva, na tayostattvam iti - etacitrapataMge'pi samAnam / tathAhi - yadi tatrApi nIlAyAkAraH pItAdyAkAratayA gRhyate citrapataMgajJAnena tadA pItAdyAkAra evAsau na nIlAdyAkAraH; atha nIlAyAkAratayA pItAyAkAro gRhyate tadA nIlAdyAkAra evAsau kutazcitra ekaH ? tathA, tatpratibhAse'pi pravRttibhaMgadoSa pratyakSa meM bhI tulya pahale jo yaha kahA gayA thA [145 -16] - zabda se hI artha kA apane saMpUrNarUpa se grahaNa hotA hai to pravRtti karane kI jarUra nahIM rahegI kyoMki pravartyarUpa se bhI vaha sarvathA gRhIta ho cukA hai - yaha dUSaNa pratyakSavAdI ko bhI samAna hai / dekhiye - pratyakSa se yadi sarvAtmanA nIlAdi kA grahaNa hotA hai to pravartyarUpa se bhI gRhIta ho jAne se pravRtti karane kI jarUra nahIM rahegI / gRhIta ho jAne para bhI yadi pravRtti hotI rahegI to sadA ke liye hotI rahegI, virAma nahIM hogA / yaha jo pahale kahA thA [145 -18] - zabda se agRhIta bhI kucha svarUpa hotA hai, usa ke grahaNa ke liye pravRtti ko sArthaka mAneMge to usa kA matalaba yaha hogA jisa svarUpa ke grahaNArtha pravRttirUpa arthakriyA hotI hai vahI pAramArthika svarUpa hai aura vaha zabdArtha nahIM hai| yAnI zabda pAramArthika svarUpa kA vAcaka nahIM hai |....ityaadi - yaha saba pratyakSapakSa meM bhI samAnarUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai jaise ki - pratyakSa se nIlAdi gRhIta hone para bhI arthakriyAprayojaka svarUpa agRhIta rahA hai usa ke grahaNa ke liye pravRtti hotI hai, isa kA phalitArtha yaha hogA ki arthakriyAsamartha hone se vaha svarUpa hI pAramArthika hai, pratyakSagRhIta nIlAdi arthakriyAsamartha na hone se apAramArthika hai| yadi aisA bacAva kareM ki - pratyakSagRhIta nIlAdi bhI arthakriyAsamartha hI hai, usa ke athavA agRhIta ke grahaNa ke liye pravRtti nahIM hotI kintu nIlAdisAdhya arthakriyA kA arthI usa arthakriyA kI prApti ke liye pravRtti karatA hai jo sArthaka hai| - to yaha bAta zAbdapratibhAsa ke liye bhI bacAva meM samAna taura para kahI jA sakatI hai| pahale jo yaha kahA thA [145-26] - zabda kAlAntara meM avizadAkAra se usI (indriyagocara) artha kA prakAzana karatA hai (kintu taba bhI zabda-artha ke sambandha kA grahaNa adhyakSa se saMbhava nahIM kyoMki) indriyapratyakSa kAla meM to vaha 'aspaSTAkAra' pratyakSagocara nahIM thA.....ityAdi - vaha kathana bhI asaMgata hai kyoMki aspaSTAkAra bhI indriyagocara hotA hai yaha pahale [245-16] kaha Aye haiM, dUravartI vRkSa kA pratyakSa meM aspaSTAkAra bhAsita hotA hai jo zabda kA bhI gocara hai / ataH pratyakSagRhIta arthoM ke hI pratipAdana meM pravRtta zabda 'indriya gocara artha meM pravRtta nahIM hote' aisA kaise kaha sakate haiM ?! ESTa-zruta kA aikya na mAnane para aniSTaparamparA* pahale jo yaha kahA thA [141-16] - 'sune hue ko dekhatA hU~' isa ekatva ke adhyavasAyI jJAna

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260 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam jJAne nIlAdyAbhAso yadi pItAbhAsatayA saMvedyate tadA pItAbhAsameva tad jJAnaM na nIlAdyAbhAsamityAdikalpanayA na citrapratibhAsamekaM jJAnam / tathA, nIlasaMvedane'pi pratiparamANvevaMkalpanayA naikaM nIlapratibhAsaM jJAnaM, viviktasya ca jJAnaparamANorasaMvedanAt sarvazUnyatApatteH sarvavyavahAroccheda iti na kiMcid vktvym| athAnekanIlaparamANusamUhAtmakamekatvena saMvedanAdekaM nIlajJAnam tarhi dRSTazrutarUpamabAdhitaikatvapratibhAsAdekaM bahirvastu kiM nAbhyupagamyate ? yathA yugapadbhAvyanekanIlajJAnaparamAvabhAsAnAM svasaMvedane ekatvA'virodhaH tathA krameNApi dRSTa-zrutAvabhAsayorekatvenA'virodhaH 'dRSTaM zruNomi' iti jJAnena bhaviSyatIti ! ekatvAvabhAsinA darzanazabdaviSayasyArthasyaikatvaM nizcIyate iti paramArthata eva tat tattvamiti / / etena 'bhinnavijJAnapratibhAsinorna vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvaH, ekavijJAnapratibhAsinorapi yugapat svAtantryeNa dvayoH pratibhAsanAd ghaTa-paTayoriva nAsau yuktaH / tAdrUpyeNa pratibhAsane vizeSyarUpatA vizeSaNarUpatA vA kevalA, dvayoH pratibhAsAbhAvAt na vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvaH kacidapi jJAne pratibhAti' ityetadapi nirastam, anekanIlaparamANupratibhAsajJAne tatsaMvedane vA'sya samAnatvAt / na ca nIlaparamANUnAM meM zruta kA adhyavasAya yadi 'dRSTa' rUpa se ho rahA hai taba vaha dRSTarUpa hI honA cAhiye, yadi dRSTAdhyavasAya kA zrutarUpa meM adhyavasAya hotA hai to vaha zrutarUpa hI hai - matalaba yaha hai ki dRSTa hai vaha zrutarUpa nahIM hai aura zruta hai to dRSTarUpa nahIM hai... ityAdi- aisA doSAnveSaNa citrarUpavAle paravAne meM samAna hai / dekho-raMgabiraMge pataMge ke jJAna meM nIlAdiAkAra kA grahaNa yadi pItAdiAkArarUpa se hotA hai to vaha pItAdiAkAra hI hai na ki nIlAdiAkAra; evaM pItAdiAkAra yadi nIlAdiAkAramaya gRhIta hotA hai to vaha nIlAdiAkAra svarUpa hI hai na ki pItAdiAkArasvarUpa / taba paravAne meM eka citrarUpa kaise mAneMge ? isI taraha, pataMgAvabhAsi jJAna meM bhI yadi nIlAdiAbhAsa kA pItAdiAbhAsarUpa meM saMvedana hotA hai to vaha pItAdiAbhAsa hI hai na ki nIlAdiAbhAsa; evaM pItAdiAbhAsa yadi nIlAdiAbhAsarUpa meM saMvidita hotA hai taba vaha nIlAdiAbhAsa hI hai na ki pItAdiAbhAsa... isa prakAra citrapratibhAsa eka jJAna bhI kaise siddha hogA ? nIlajJAna bhI eka saMvedanarUpa siddha nahIM hogA- dekhiye, nIlaparamANupuJjagrAhaka jJAna yadi ekanIlaparamANuAkAra hai to anyanIlaparamANuAkAra svarUpa vaha nahIM ho sakatA.. isa prakAra paramANubheda se jJAnabheda prasakta hone para eka nIlajJAna siddha nahIM hogA / nIlaparamANusaMvedI eka nIlajJAna bhI siddha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki paramANu pratyakSagocara nahIM hai, ata eva ekanIlaparamANujJAna bhI apanI hastI hI na hone se pratyakSagocara nahIM hai, phalasvarUpa sarvazUnyatAvAda sira uThAyegA / jagat ke tamAma vyavahAroM kA uccheda ho jAyegA / isa bAta para adhika kyA kahA jAya ? ! __yadi aisA kaheM ki- aneka nIlaparamANuoM kA puJja ekAtmanA saMvedita hotA hai isaliye eka nIlajJAna saMgata hotA hai- to dRSTa aura zruta padArtha bhI jaba nirbAdharUpameM ekAtmanA saMvidita hotA hai to dRSTa-zrutasvarUpa eka bAhyArtha svIkArane meM kyoM Apa katarAte haiM ? jaise eka sAtha aneka nIlaparamANuvRMda se utpanna aneka nIlajJAnANukAvabhAsoM ke apane saMvedana meM ekatva hone meM koI virodha nahIM AtA; to aise hI 'dekhe hue ko sunatA, hU~' isa jJAna ke AdhAra para, kramaza: dRSTa evaM zruta ke avabhAsoM meM bhI ekatva hone meM virodhAvakAza nahIM hogA / isa prakAra darzana aura zabda ke viSayabhUta arthoM meM bhI ekatvAvabhAsijJAna se ekatva kA nizcaya hotA hai isaliye una kA

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-2 261 tatpratibhAsaparamANUnAM vA parasparaviviktAnAM pratyakSe svasaMvedane ca pratibhAsa iti nAyaM doSa;, tatra paramANupArimANDalyAdeH bahirantazcA'pratibhAsanAt sthUlasyaikasya saMhRtavikalpAvasthAyAmapi bahirantazca vedyavedakAkAravinirbhAsavataH pratibhAsanAt / paramANurUpaM bahiranaMzaM saMvedanaM vA pratyakSaM pratijAnAnaH kathaM sarvajJatvamAtmano na pratijAnIte ? zakyaM hi vaktum- saMvedanaM saMveyaM sakalaM viSayIkaroti, dezakAlasvabhAvaviprakRSTeSvapi bhAveSu saMvedanasya niraMkuzatvAt, kintu kutazcinizcayaprabodhahetorvikalpAnAmiyamazaktiH yato yathArthasvabhAvaM pratyakSeNa viSayIkRtamapi na nizcinvantIti / 'pratyakSabuddhestathApratibhAsAbhAvAt sarvajJatvamayuktam' iti cet ? paramANupArimANDalyAderapyapratibhAsanaM samAnaM saMpazyAmaH / / yadapi 'kAlpanikaH zabdArthayoH sambandhaH na niyataH' iti tadapyayuktam, pratiniyatasaMketAnusAriNo niyatAcchabdAt pratiniyatArthapratipattidarzanAt / tena 'na zabdasvarUpaM niyatArthapratipattihetuH tasya sarvArthAn ekatva pAramArthika tattva hai yaha siddha hogA / * vizeSaNa - vizeSyabhAva meM anupapatti kA nirasana * yaha jo pahale kahA thA [138-27]- bhinna bhinna vijJAna meM pratibhAsita honevAle nIla-utpala meM vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva honA saMbhavita nahIM hai / eka vijJAna meM bhI ve donoM ghaTa aura paTa kI taraha eka sAtha svatantra taura para nahIM kintu donoM tadrUpatayA bhAsita hoMge to vahA~ tAdAtmya ke kAraNa sirpha vizeSaNarUpatA athavA vizeSyarUpatA hI upalakSita hogI / isa prakAra, donoM kA uparokta do prakAra se atirikta kisI tRtIya prakAra se pratibhAsa na hone para kisI bhI eka jJAna meM unake vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva kA bhAna zakya nahIM- aisA pUrvakathana aba nirasta ho jAtA hai kyoMki aisA tarkAbhAsa anekanIlaparamANu pratibhAsaka jJAna meM aura usake saMvedana meM samAnarUpa lagAyA jA sakatA hai jo abhI kaha cuke haiM / yadi kaheM ki- aisA doSa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki aneka nIlaparamANu yA unake pratibhAsaaNu anyonya bhinnarUpa se pratyakSa meM aura usake saMvedana meM pratibhAsita hote haiM- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoki paramANu ke aNu-parimANa Adi kA bAhara yA bhItara meM kabhI bhI pratibhAsa nahIM hotA / saba bAhya vikalpa-saMkalpa avasthA jaba miTa jAya- eka bAra upasaMhata ho jAya aisI dazA meM bhI bAhara yA bhItara eka hI nIla kA bAhya meM sthUla evaM vedya AkAra meM, evaM. bhItara meM usa ke jJAna kA vedana AkAra meM pratibhAsa sabhI ko hotA hai| yadi Apa bAhara meM paramANu kA niraMza saMvedana yA pratyakSa jJAna hone kA dAvA karate haiM taba to Apa svayaM sarvajJa hone kA dAvA bhI kyoM nahIM karate ? Apa kaha sakate haiM ki- 'saMvedana aisA niraMkuza hai ki vaha dUradezasthita- kAlAntaravartI evaM ayogyasvabhAvI padArthoM taka usakI pahu~ca hone se sakala saMvedya padArthoM ko saMvedana viSaya kara letA hai, kintu kyA kare, nizcaya prabodhahetubhUta vikalpoM meM kisI bhI kAraNa se aisA sAmarthya nahIM hai ata: pratyakSa ke yathArthasvabhAva sakala vastu viSaya banane para bhI vikalpa unake nizcAyaka nahIM hote haiM / ' yadi kaheM ki - 'aisA hama nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki pratyakSa buddhi meM sakala padArtha kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai ata: hamAre se sarvajJatA bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatI'- to samAnarUpa se hamArA yaha nirIkSaNa hai ki paramANu ke aNupariNAma Adi ke bAre meM bhI Apa pratyakSasaMvedana kA dAvA nahIM kara sakate / niyatasaMketAnusAra niyata arthabodha yaha jo pahale kahA thA [100-25]- 'zabdArtha kA sambandha kAlpanika hai, niyata nahIM hai, kyoMki

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262 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pratyaviziSTatvAt' iti na vaktuM yuktam niyatasaMketasahakRtasya zabdasya sarvArthAn pratyaviziSTatvA'siddheH / kAryagamyaM hi vastUnAM niyatatvamanyad vA, yadA ca niyataM tatkAryamupalabhyate tadA tasya niyatatvaM vyavasthApyate, yadA cAnyathA tadA'nyathAtvamiti / 'kutaH punaretat svarUpaM zabdAdeH' iti paryanuyoge 'svahetupratiniyamaH' ityuttaraM nyAyavidaH sarvatra yuktiyuktam dRSTAnumitAnAM niyoga - pratiSedhAnupapatteH / 'pratipattidharmastu niyamahetuH kAlpanika eva syAt' iti - etadapyayuktam, abAdhitAkArapratipattestvabAdhitapratipattitvaM sAdhitameva / bAdhitatve vA tatpratipattestatprabhavazAbdajJAnasyA:prAmANyaprasaktirviparItapratibandhagrAhijJAnaprabhavAnumAnAbhAsasyai(sye)va / tat saugatadarzanameva dhyAndhyavijRmbhitam / yadapi 'zabdebhyaH kalpanA bahirA'saMsparzinyaH prasUyante, tAbhyazca zabdAH' iti tadapyacAru, zabdajanitavikalpAnAM bahirA'saMsparzitvAsiddheH, indriyajajJAnasyeva tAsAM tatprAptihetutvAditi pratipAdieka hI zabda kA Arya aura draviDoM meM bhinna artha hotA hai' - apane apane deza-kAla meM niyata zabda kA niyata saMketa ke anusAra niyataprakAra kA arthabodha hone kA sarvatra dikhAI detA hai / isa liye yaha jo Apane kahA thA [147-9]- 'zabda kA svarUpa sabhI arthoM ke liye ekarUpa hone se niyata arthabodha kA hetu, zabda nahIM ho sakatA'- yaha bhI kahane jaisA aba nahIM rahA, kyoMki niyatasaMketa viziSTa zabda sarva arthabodha ke prati sAdhAraNa nahIM hotA kintu niyata arthabodha kA hI janaka hotA hai / amuka padArtha amuka vastu ke sAtha niyata hai yA aniyata hai yaha sarvathA agamya nahIM hai kintu kAryagamya hai, kisI eka padArtha kA jaba niyata kArya dikhAI detA hai taba usake sAtha usakA niyatatva sunizcita ho jAtA hai, jaba usake niyatarUpa meM koI kArya upalabdha nahIM hotA taba yaha nizcita hotA hai ki vaha usakA niyata nahIM hai| yadi yaha prazna kiyA jAya ki zabdAdi kA aisA svarUpa kyoM, ki vaha niyata saMketAnusAra niyatArtha ko bodhita karatA hai ?- to isakA yuktiyukta uttara yahI hai- sarvatra apane hetuoM se hI vaha tathAsvabhAva se niyata hotA hai, yaha uttara sarvanyAyavettAoM ko mAnya hai, kyoMki pratyakSa evaM anumAna se siddha hue niyamoM ke Upara 'nanu-naca' ko avakAza hI nahIM hotA / pahale 'prakaraNAdi zabdadharma-arthadharma yA pratipattidharma haiM ?' aisA prazna uThA kara jo yaha kahA thA [147-15] 'niyAmakahetu ke rUpa meM abhimata prakaraNAdi ko yadi pratipatti kA dharma mAneMge to vaha tAttvika nahIM kintu kAlpanika hI hogA'- vaha bhI ayukta hai kyoMki abAdhita rUpa meM honevAlI zabdArthasambandha pratIti ke dvArA vaha niyatArthabodha kA niyama tAttvika arthadharma hone kA siddha hotA hai / 'zabdArthasambandha kI grAhaka pratIti abAdhitapratIti hai' yaha to aba siddha kiyA jA cukA hai| kadAcit vaha pratIti bAdhita hogI to usase janya zAbdajJAna ko bhI hama apramANa hI ghoSita kareMge, jaise ki viparItavyAptigrAhakajJAna se utpanna anumAnAbhAsa mithyA (aprAmANika) hotA hai / isa prakAra zabdapramANavAdI ke pakSa meM pUrNa saMgati = vicArakSamatA hone para bhI jo bauddhane pahale yaha kahA hai [147-18] 'vicArAkSama na hone se sabhI anyadarzana andhabuddhivilAsatulya hai' - isa kathana meM svayaM bauddha kI hI andhabuddhivilAsitA pradarzita hotI hai / zabdajanyajJAna bAhyArthasparzi* yaha jo pahale kahA thA [147-21]- 'zabdoM se bAhyArthasparzazUnya korI kalpanA hI janma letI hai aura zabda bhI aisI kalpanAoM kI hI nipaja haiM'- yaha kathana suMdara nahIM, kyoMki hama yaha dikhA cuke haiM ki zabdajanya

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 2 263 tatvAt / parasantAnavarttitathAbhUtavikalpajanakatvaM tadvikalpAdRSTAvapi zabdAnAM pratyeti, na punaH pratyakSAdyupalabhyamAnabahirarthavAcakatvamiti viparItaprajJo devAnAMpriyaH / na cArthAbhAve'pi zAbdapratibhAsasyAspracyuterna zabdasya bAhyArthavAcakatvam, vikalpe'pyasya samAnatvAt, visadRzasaMketasya zrotustacchandasadbhAve'pi tathAbhUtavikalpAnutpatteH zabdAbhAve'pi ca kutazcit kAraNAt tathAbhUtavikalpapratibhAsApracyute / atha samAnasaMketasya zrotustatastat samutpadyata eva zabdAbhAve tu yad vikalpajJAnaM tAdRgavabhAsaM kAraNAntaraprabhavaM na pracyavate tad atAdRzamevetyato na vyabhicAraH / nanvevaM tad bAhyArthAvabhAsizAbde pratibhAse'pi samAnam 'yo hyarthAbhAve'pi zAbdaH pratibhAsa: sa tatpratibhAsamAno na bhavati' ityAdeH prAk pradarzitatvAt / yadapi 'zabdAd bAhyArthAdhyavasAyijJAnotpattyAdi tatprAptiparyavasAnasadbhAve'pi bAhyArthA'saMsparzatvAd vikalpAnAM na sarvAtmanA'rthagrahaNadoSaH ' tadapyasaMgatam, pratyakSavadarthasaMsparzitve'pi sarvAtmanA'grahaNasya pratipAditatvAt / yadapi 'apratibhAse'pyarthasya zabdAda bhrAnteH pravRttiH' tadapyayuktam, bhrAntA'bhrAntapravRttyorvizeSasadbhAvAt yatra hyarthaprAptirnopajAyate pravRttau tatra bhrAntiH pravRttervyavasthApyate'nyatra tvabhrAntiriti kasya --- vikalpa bAhyArthasparzazUnya nahIM hote, indriyajanya jJAna kI taraha zabdajanya vikalpa bAhyArtha kI prApti ke hetu hone se bAhyArthasparzI hote haiM / jaba yaha bauddha, anyasantAnavarttI vikalpa dRSTiagocara hone para bhI apane zabdoM ko anya santAnavarttI arthAnumApaka vikalpa ke janaka mAnane ko taiyAra hai, kiMtu zabdoM meM pratyakSasiddha bAhyArthavAcakatA kA svIkAra na karate hue apanI viparIta prajJA kA pradarzana karatA hai taba use 'devAnAMpriya' (= mUrkha) na kahe to kyA kaheM ?! yadi aisA tarka kareM ki- artha ke na hone para bhI zabda se usakA pratibhAsa vicyuta nahIM hotA ataH zabda ko bAhyArtha kA vAcaka nahIM mAna sakate to yaha bAta vikalpa ke liye bhI samAna honI cAhiye [ jisa vikalpa ko bauddha zabdajanya mAnatA hai isake liye aisA kahA hai / ] jisa zrotA ko zabda ke prasiddha saMketa kA bhAna nahIM kintu aprasiddhasaMketa kA hI bhAna hai, aise zrotA ko usa zabda ke zravaNa hone para bhI prasiddha saMketAnusArI arthabodharUpa vikalpa utpanna nahIM hotA hai; aura kabhI zabdazravaNa na hote hue bhI anya kisI mAdhyama se tathAvidha arthabodharUpa vikalpa apracyuta- utpanna hotA hai, usakA matalaba yaha to nahIM hai ki koI bhI zabda vikalpa kA janaka hotA hI nahIM / yadi aisA kaheM ki - sadRza saMketagrAhI zrotA ko zabda se tadanurUpa vikalpa utpanna hotA hI hai / zabda ke abhAva meM bhI anya mAdhyama se jo zabdasamAnArthAvabhAsI vikalpajJAna utpanna hotA hai usako hama zabdajanya ( athavA saMketajanya ) hI nahIM mAnate haiM ataH koI zabda meM vikalpajanakatva kA vyabhicAra prasaMga nahIM hai / aho, yaha bAta to bAhyArthAvabhAsI zAbdabodha ke liye bhI tulya hai, hamane pahale hI yaha kahA hai ki artha ke vinA bhI jo zabdajanya pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha vAstavArthapratibhAsI nahIM hotA, isa kA matalaba yaha nahIM hai ki zabda se kabhI vAstavArthapratibhAsa hotA hI nahIM / pahale hI yaha bAta kaha cuke haiM [ 11 sarvAtmanA arthAgrahaNa bAhyArthasparzAbhAvamUlaka nahIM pahale jo yaha kahA thA [148 - 31]- ' zabda se bAhyArthAdhyavasAyi jJAna kI utpatti se le kara usa artha kI prApti paryanta bahuvidha vyavahAra hotA hai yaha bAta sahI hai kintu vikalpa mAtra (cAhe zabdajanya ho yA taditarajanya )

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264 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vijJAnasya prAmANyamabhyupagacchatA nA'pratibhAse'pyarthasya pravRttyAdivyavahAraH kadAcanApyabhyupagantuM yuktaH / pratibandhastu tadavisaMvAde zAbdasyApyarthapratibandhanibandhanaH tatra saMvAdo'stIti pratyakSavat tatra tasya prAmANyaM yuktam, na ca pratibandhaH parapakSe sambhavatIti pratipAdayiSyate, svasaMvedanamAtraM ca paramArthasat tattvarUpaM nirastapratibandhAdipadArthaM yathA na sambhavati ityetadapi pratipAdayiSyate / zeSastvatra pUrvapakSagranthaH pratipadamucArya na prativihitaH granthagauravabhayAt digmAtrapradarzanaparatvAcca prayAsasya / iti sthitametat 'samayaparamatthavitthara' iti / bAhyArthasparzamukta hotA hai isa liye usa meM sarvAtmanA arthagrahaNa hone kA yAnI vijAtIyavyAvRttarUpa kI taraha sajAtIyavyAvRttarUpa se bhI arthagrahaNa hone kA doSa nahIM hai / '- yaha vidhAna bhI asaMgata hai kyoMki aise to pratyakSa meM bAhyArthasparzitA hone para bhI sarvAtmanA agrahaNa kA jaise saMbhava hai vaha pahale batAyA hai / tAtparya, bAhyArtha asaMsparza se hI sarvAtmanA agrahaNa hotA hai yaha saca nahIM hai / yaha jo kahA thA ki [149 -17] - 'zabda se artha kA pratibhAsa na hone para bhI usakI bhrAnti se hI arthaviSayaka pravRtti hotI hai'- yaha vidhAna bhI galata hai kyoMki bhrAntijanya pravRtti aura abhrAnta pravRtti meM bahuta antara hotA hai jisa se bhrAnti-abhrAnti kA nirNaya phalita hotA hai| jaise jJAna hone ke bAda pravRtti karane para jaba vahA~ artha kI prApti nahIM hotI hai usa pravRtti ke visaMvAdI hone se usa kA janaka jJAna bhrAntirUpa mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki arthaprApaka saMvAdI pravRtti hone para usa ke janaka jJAna ko abhrAntirUpa mAnA jAtA hai / ata: kisI eka jJAna meM prAmANyasvIkAra cAhane vAle ko arthaprApti hone para bhI arthapratibhAsa ke vinA hI zabda se pravRtti Adi vyavahAra ho jAne kI bAta kA samarthana kabhI nahIM karanA cAhiye / zAbda sthaLa meM arthaprApti ke sAtha avisaMvAdI pravRtti ke pratibandha kA AdhAra zAbdabodha ke sAtha arthapratibandha hI hotA hai / pratyakSa meM bhI pravRttisaMvAda se hI prAmANyasvIkAra hotA hai aise hI zAbdasthala meM bhI pravRttisaMvAda se prAmANyasvIkAra anivArya hai| bauddha vAdI sirpha nirvikalpa ko hI pramANa mAnatA hai kintu vahA~ vAstava meM pratibandha hotA nahIM yaha bAta Age cala kara dikhAyI jAyegI / uparAMta, vijJAnavAdI jo kahatA hai ki pratibandha Adi padArthoM kI sambhAvanA ko apAsta karane vAlA eka mAtra svasaMvedana vijJAna hI tattvabhUta evaM pAramArthika sat padArtha hai'- yaha mata bhI kaise sambhavabAhya hai yaha Age cala kara dikhAyA jaayegaa| yahA~ uttarapakSa ke nirUpaNa meM bahuta kucha pUrvapakSa ke vidhAnoM kI unake ullekha ke sAtha AlocanA kI gayI hai, kintu eka eka paMkti kA uccAra karake saMpUrNa pUrvapakSa kA pratividhAna granthagaurava ke bhaya se hI nahIM kiyA hai, isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vyAkhyAkAra kA yaha prayAsa dizAsUcana ke liye hai| apohavAdanirasana kI carcA se aba yaha nirdoSarUpa se siddha hotA hai ki mUlagranthakAra ne jo dUsarI gAthA meM- samaya paramArtha vistAra prakAzana karane vAle vidvAnoM kI paryupAsanA ke liye mandabuddhi zrotA bhI prayatna zIla bane aise artha kA maiM pratipAdana karuMgA- aisA kahA hai isa vidhAna meM kahIM bhI apohavAdI ke matAnusAra zaMkita doSoM ko avakAza nahIM hai, isaliye vaha vidhAna nirbAdha-nirdoSa evaM yathArtha hai| apohavAda nirAkaraNa- uttarapakSa samApta dvitIyagAthA vivaraNa samApta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 265 tRtIyagAthA savyAkhyA atra ca kuNThadhiyo'pyantevAsino yogitvA(?tA)pratipAdanArthaH prakaraNArambhaH pratipAditaH, sA ca viziSTasAmAnyavizeSAtmakatadupAyabhUtArthapratipAdanamantareNAtaH prakaraNAna sampadyate - iti prakaraNAbhidheyaM yogitopAyabhUtamartham - titthyrvynnsNghvisesptthaarmuulvaagrnnii| dabaDhio ya pajjavaNayo ya sesA viyappA siM // 3 // ityanayA gAthayA nirdizati / asyAzca samudAyArthaH pAtanikayaiva pratipAditaH / avayavArthastu - taranti saMsArArNavaM yena tat tIrtham = dvAdazAMgam tadAdhAro vA saMghaH / tat kurvanti utpadyamAnamutpAdayanti tatsvAbhAvyAt tIrthakaranAmakarmodayAd veti 'hatvAdyarthe Tac' [ ] / tIrthakarANAM vacanam = AcArAdi arthatastasya tadupadiSTatvAt, tasya saMgraha-vizeSau dravya-paryAyau sAmAnyavizeSazabdavAcyAvabhidheyau, tayoH prastAraH = prastIryate yena nayarAzinA saMgrahAdikena sa prastAraH - tasya saMgrahavyavahAraprastArasya mUlavyAkaraNI AdyavaktA jJAtA vA dravyAstikaH - drutirbhavanaM dravyam tRtIyagAthAvyAkhyArambha __isa kAla meM jaDa buddhivAle vidyArthI meM gUDhArthagrahaNapaTutAsvarUpa yogyatA kA AdhAna karane ke liye AcAryazrI ne isa prakaraNa racanA meM pravRtti karane kA saMkalpa pahale pragaTa kiyA hai / ukta yogyatA kI prApti ke liye sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka viziSTa koTi kI vastu kI jAnakArI Avazyaka hai| isa prakaraNa ke prArambhAMza meM sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana kiye vinA ukta jAnakArI ke abhAva meM isa prakaraNaracanA se yogyatA kA AdhAna sambhava nahIM hai / ata: yogyatA ke AdhAna ke liye prakaraNa ke mukhya evaM Adya abhidheya rUpa artha kA nirdeza tIsarI gAthA se mUlagranthakAra ne kiyA hai / vyAkhyAkAra maharSi ne isa gAthA kI avataraNikA se hI yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki isa gAthA meM sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka viziSTa artha kA nirUpaNa = nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / * mUla gAthA kA zabdArtha tIrthaMkaroM ke vacanoM ke pratipAdya saMgraha yAnI sAmAnya evaM vizeSa (arthAt dravya-paryAya) ke prastAra kA (yAnI vistAra kA) mUla vyAkaraNa (pratipAdana athavA jJAna) karane vAlA eka to dravyAstika naya hai aura dUsarA paryAyArthika naya, zeSa naigamAdi ina donoM ke hI prabheda haiM // 3 // prazna : vyAkhyAkAra ne avataraNikA meM kahA ki isa gAthA meM sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu kA nirdeza hai, jaba ki mUlagAthA meM to dravyArthika-paryAyArthika naya kA nirdeza hai, aisA visaMvAda kyoM pratIta hotA hai ? ___uttara : visaMvAda nahIM hai / mUla granthakAra kA manogata abhiprAya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka vastu kA nirdeza karane kA hI hai, kintu dravyArthika-paryAyArthika mUla naya yugala ke pratipAdana ke vinA sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka vastu kA vyutpAdana sambhava nahIM hai isI liye unhoMne nayayugala kA nirdeza kiyA hai| prazna :- vastu to sAmAnyavizeSobhayAtmaka hai isaliye ubhayAtmaka vastu pratipAdana karane vAle naya kA nirdeza

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266 zrI sampati-tarkaprakaraNam satteti yAvat - tatra 'asti' iti matirasya dravyAstikaH 'saha supA' [pANini0 2-1-4] ityatra 'supA saha' iti yogavibhAgAt mayUravyaMsakAditvAd vA dravya-AstikazabdayoH samAsaH, dravyameva vA'rtho'syeti dravyArthikaH dravye vA sthito dravyasthitaH / pari = samantAt avanam avaH - paryavo vizeSaH tajjJAtA vaktA vA, nayanaM nayaH nItiH paryavanayaH, atra chandobhaMgabhayAt 'paryAyAstikaH' iti vaktavye 'paryavanayaH' ityuktam tenAtrApi "paryAya eva 'asti' iti matirasya" iti dravyAstikavat vyutpattiIkaranA cAhiye na ? sAmAnya-vizeSa kA pRthak pRthak nirUpaNa karane vAle dravyArthika Adi kA nirdeza kyoM ? uttara : isaliye ki vastu ubhayAtmaka hone para bhI usa kA pratipAdana ekasAtha ubhayarUpeNa karanA azakya hotA hai, isaliye ubhaya aMza kA kramaza: nirUpaNa karane ke liye pRthak pRthak dravyArthika-paryAyArthika naya kA Alambana kiyA jAtA hai| tRtIyagAthA ke zabdoM kA vyutpatti-artha aba vyAkhyAkAra mUla gAthA ke eka eka zabda ko lekara unakI yathAsambhava vyutpatti evaM artha dikhalAte haiM- tIrtha yAnI jisase saMsArasAgara ko pAra kiyA jAya, vaha hai AcAra Adi 12 aMgoM kA samudAya athavA una 12 aMgo kA AdhAra caturvidha saMgha / aisA tIrtha jo ki apane kAraNakalApa yAnI sAmagrI se pragaTa hotA hai usa sAmagrI ke antabhUrta kartA ke rUpa meM tIrthotpatti karane vAle tIrthakara kahe jAte haiM, 'kR' dhAtu ko yahA~ hetuAdi artha meM 'Tac' (?Ta) pratyaya lagane se 'kara' zabda niSpanna hotA hai / hetu Adi arthoM meM 'zIla yAnI svabhAva' kA bhI antarbhAva haiM, tIrthakara apane kartRsvabhAva se hI tIrtha ko janma dete haiM athavA to pUrvatRtIyabhava meM upArjita tIrthakara nAmakarma ke vipAkodayAtmaka aupAdhika svabhAva se tIrthasthApanA karate haiM ata: svabhAva artha meM pratyaya kara ke tIrthakara zabda kI vyutpatti yathArtha hai| ina tIrthaMkaroM ke vacana AcAra Adi aMgoM meM gaNadharaziSyoM ne gratha liye haiM / una AcAra Adi sUtroM kI racanA karane vAle gaNadhara ziSya haiM kintu unake artha kA upadeza to tIrthaMkara prabhu karate haiM isaliye AcArAdi aMgasUtroM ko tIrthaMkaravacana kahane meM koI asaMgati nahIM, balki AdarabhAva kA jAgaraNa hotA hai / tIrthaMkara vacanoM kA mukhya abhidheya uparokta rIti se kramazaH dravya aura paryAya haiM, dravya ko hI yahA~ sAmAnya kahate haiM aura paryAya ko hI vizeSa kahate haiM / saMgrahAdi sAta nayoM se pratipAdya jo vividha arthavistAra (nitya-anityAdi) hai vaha sAmAnya-vizeSa kA hI prastAra hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki vividhanayoM se sAmAnya-vizeSa kA pRthakkaraNa hotA hai taba vastu kA anekavidha svarUpa kramaza: jJAnagocara hotA hai / usa saMgraha-vyavahArAtmaka yugala ke Adya pratipAdana athavA jJAna karane vAle do naya mukhya haiM, dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika / vastu kA ApekSika jJAna yaha jJAnAtmaka naya svarUpa hai aura vastu kA ApekSika nirUpaNa karanevAlA vacanavyavahAra yaha pratipAdanAtmaka nayasvarUpa hai / Adya pratipAdana athavA jJAna kA tAtparya yaha hai ki anya naigamAdi naya to vastu ke eka eka aMza kA pratipAdana yA jJAna kareMge kintu ye do mukhya naya una aMzoM ke samadAya se abhinna akhaMDa aise jo dravya-paryAya rUpa aMzI hai - sarvaprathama una kA vivecana karate haiN| dravya aura paryAya bhI eka hI vastu ke pradhAna do aMza haiM jo ki apane meM aneka aMzoM ko dhAraNa kiye hue haiM yaha bhUlanA nahIM cAhiye / yaha jJAtavya hai ki jaba taka aMzI kA nirdeza na ho taba taka usa ke vividha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 267 evyA, sa ca vizeSaprastArasya RjusUtrazabdAdeH Ayo vktaa| nanu ca 'mUlavyAkaraNI' ityasya dravyAstika-paryAyanayAvabhidheyAviti dvitvAd dvivacanena bhAvyam / na, pratyekaM vAkyaparisamApteH, ata eva cakAradvayaM sUtre nirdiSTam / zeSAstu naigamAdayo vikalpA bhedAH anayo dravyArthika-paryAyArthikayoH / 'siM' iti prAkRtazailyA "bahuvayaNeNa duvayaNaM" [*] iti dvivacanasthAne bahuvacanam / aMzoM kA nirUpaNa zakya nahIM hotA, ata: aMzoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAle naigamAdi ko taba avasara milegA jaba prathama aMzI kA yAnI dravya-paryAya kA vivecana dravyArthika-paryAyAstika naya se kiyA jAya / udA0 citrakAra pahale rekhAoM se citra ko ubhAratA hai bAda meM usake eka eka avayavoM meM raMgakAma hotA hai, rekhAcitra vinA raMgakAma nahIM hotA / isI hetu se dravyArthika-paryAyArthika ko mUlavyAkaraNakArI kahA hai / prazna : to saba se pahale sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka vastu jo ki mukhya aMzI hai usI kA nirUpaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA? uttara :- are bhAI ! jo pahale kahA ki vastu sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hotI hai yahI to mukhya aMzI kA nirUpaNa huA / mukhya aMzI kA nirUpaNa yata: sAmAnya-vizeSa ke militarUpa se hI zakya hotA hai isIliye granthakAra ne yahA~ makhya aMzabhata sAmAnya-vizeSa, jo ki apane aMzoM ke aMzI haiM una kA sarvaprathama nirUpaNa karanevAle dravyArthika- paryAyArthika kA grahaNa kiyA hai / dravyAstikapada kA zabdArtha vyAkhyAkAra 'dravyAstika' zabda samAsa hone se usa kA vigraha aura samAsavidhi kA nirdeza karate haiMdravya aura asti aise do padoM se yaha samAsa banA hai / 'dravya' zabda 'dru' dhAtu se banatA hai aura dhAtu anekArthaka hone se yahA~ bhU athavA as kA samAnArtha 'dru' dhAtu mAnA gayA hai isaliye druti , dravya, bhavana aura sattA ye cAroM zabda yahA~ ekArthaka haiM / isa draSya meM (yAnI sattA meM) 'asti' = 'paramArthika hai' aisI 'mati' karanevAle naya ko dravyAstika naya kahate haiM / yahA~ 'artha, nAma aura pratIti' tInoM kA samAna abhidhAna hotA hai - isa nyAya ke anusAra 'asti' pada kA artha 'asti' isa prakAra kI mati' aisA kiyA hai / mati kA artha buddhi aura abhiprAya donoM abhISTa hai, buddhi artha karane para jJAnAtmaka naya aura abhiprAya artha karane para vacanavyavahArAtmaka naya (=pratipAdaka naya) donoM kA saMgraha ho jAyegA / yahA~ 'dravya meM' kA matalaba hai dravyavizeSyaka, ata: dravyavizeSyaka astitva prakAraka buddhirUpa naya dravyAstika hai yaha phalita hotA hai| prazna :- 'asti' pada to kriyApada hai jisa ke sAtha dUsare pada kA samAsa kaise kiyA ? uttara :- 'asti' pada prAntavartI vibhaktivAle 'asti' pada kA pratirUpaka avyayarUpa nAma hai, jaise 'astikSIrA gauH' yahA~ hai, ata: usake sAtha samAsa hone meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / kisa sUtrake AdhAra para yaha samAsa banA yaha spaSTa karate hue vyAkhyAkAra kahate haiM ki pANini vyAkaraNa meM dvitIya adhyAya-prathamapAda caturthasUtra 'saha supA' hai, usa sUtra se yahA~ kevala samAsa huA hai aura vaha bhI 'supA saha' aisA yogavibhAga karane se huA hai / sUtra kA artha hai- sub vibhaktyanta pada kA anya subvibhaktyanta pada ke sAtha samAsa hotA hai jaise 'pUrvaM bhUta:' = bhUtapUrvaH / jisa samAsa kI avyayIbhAvAdi koI vizeSasaMjJA nahIM hotI usako kevala samAsa kahA jAtA hai / * bahuvapaNeNa duvayaNaM chaTThIvibhattIe bhaNNai cautthI / jaha hatthA taha pApA, namotthu devAhidevANaM // [lalitavistarA]

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268 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tathAhi - parasparaviviktasAmAnya-vizeSaviSayatvAd dravyArthika-paryAyArthikAveva nayau / na ca tRtIyaM prakArAntaramasti yadviSayo'nyastAbhyAM vyatirikto nayaH syAt / tRtIyaviSayasya cA'sambhavo bhedAbhedavinirmuktasya bhAvasvabhAvasyAparasyAnupapatteH / 'tAbhyAmanya ekastadvAnartho'sti' iti cet ? na, svabhAvAntarAbhAvAt prakRtavikalpAnativRtteH tatsvabhAvAtikrame vA khapuSpasadRzatvaprasakteH / tAbhyAM tadvato'rthAntarasya sarvathA athavA 'mayUkhyasakAdayaH' (2-1-72) isa pANini0 sUtra ke anusAra bhI yahA~ dravya aura Astika zabda kA samAsa bana sakatA hai| mUlagAthA meM 'davvaDhio' zabda ardhamAgadhIbhASA meM hai, usa kA saMskRta bhASA meM dravyAstika, dravyArthika athavA dravyasthita aise tIna zabdAntara bana sakate haiN| dravyAstika kI bAta ho gyii| dravya hI jisakA artha yAnI prayojana hai (arthAt pradhAnarUpa se pratipAdya hai) vaha 'dravyArthika' hai / athavA dravya meM sthita (yAnI dravya ke viSaya meM sthAna karane vAlA- ruci rakhane vAlA) ho vaha 'dravyasthita' naya hai / *paryAyAstika vyutpatti Adi paryAyAstika ke liye gAthA meM pajjavaNao = paryavanaya: zabdaprayoga kiyA hai / isameM 'paryava' zabda kI vyutpatti 'pari = samantAt, avanam = ava: paryavaH' aisI kI gayI hai| pari aura aba ye do zabda mila kara paryava zabda banA hai / pari yAnI samantAt, isakA artha hai saba ora se, pUrNarUpa se athavA pUrI taraha se / 'ava' zabda av dhAtu se banA hai jisa kA matalaba hai rakSA karanA, prasanna karanA , pasaMda karanA, jAnanA ityAdi / pUrA artha huA-pUrI taraha se yAnI sUkSmatA se jAna karane vAlA / isa liye paryava zabda kA yahA~ vyAkhyA meM 'vizeSa' artha kahA hai kyoMki vaha bArikAI se jAnA jAtA hai / paryava yAnI vizeSa ko jAnane vAlA athavA dikhAne vAlA jo naya vaha paryavanaya hai / naya-nayana-nIti ye tInoM samAnArthaka zabda haiM / hAlA~ki dravyAstika kI taraha yahA~ paryAyAstika aisA zabdaprayoga karanA jarUrI thA, lekina 'paJjavaNao ya' ke badale 'pajjavaDio ya' aisA kahane para eka mAtrA ke baDha jAne se chaMda tUTa jAne kA bhaya hai isa liye 'pajjavaNao a' aisA kahA hai / ata: paryAyAstika kA zabdataH prayoga na karake arthata: prayoga huA hai, taba paryAyAstika samAsa kA vigraha bhI pUrvavat dravyAstika pada kI taraha samajha lenA cAhiye, jaise ki paryAya meM hI 'asti' aisI jisa kI mati hai vaha paryAyAstika / dravyAstika naya dravya yAnI sAmAnya ke prastAra kA arthAt naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra nayoM ke pratipAdya artha kA mUla jJAtA-vaktA hai isI taraha paryAyAstika naya vizeSaprastAra kA yAnI RjusUtra- zabda-samabhirUDha aura evaMbhUta nayoM ke mukhya pratipAdya artha kA mUla jJAtA-vaktA hai / prazna :- Apane mUlavyAkaraNa (=nirUpaNa) karanevAlA isa artha meM ekavacanAnta inpratyayAnta mUlavyAkaraNI zabda kA prayoga kyoM kiyA hai, jaba ki vaha dravyArthika aura paryavanaya donoM abhidheyoM kA vizeSaNa hai to dvivacana 'mUlavyAkaraNinau' aisA kyoM nahIM kahA ? uttara :- jarUra nahIM hai, kyoMki 'mUla vyAkaraNI' zabda kA anvaya 'dabaDio' evaM 'pajjavaNao' donoM ke sAtha alaga alaga karake do vAkya kI niSpatti karanA hai| isI abhiprAya se sUtra meM 'davaDhio ya pajjavaNao ya' aise do ca(ya) kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / gAthA kA antima pAda hai - 'sesA viyappA siM' isakA matalaba hai zeSa naigamAdinaya ina donoM ke

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 269 sambandhapratipAdanopAyA'sambhavAt samavAyasya tairasambandhe tadvyapadezAnupapatteH, samavAyAntarakalpanAyAmanavasthAprasakteH, vizeSaNa-vizeSyasambandhakalpanAyAmapyaparAparatatkalpanAprasakterna sambandhasiddhiH / tataH sthitametat, na kiJcinnayavahirbhAvi bhAvasvabhAvAntaravikalpanAvalambi prarUpaNAntaramiti / kevalaM tayoreva zuddhayazuddhibhyAmanekadhA vastusvabhAvanirUpaNavikalpAbhidhAnavRttayo vyavatiSThante / tatra zuddho dravyAstiko nayaH saMgrahanayAbhimataviSayaprarUDhakaH / tathA ca saMgrahanayAbhiprAya:- sarvamekaM sadavizeSAt / tathAhi - bhAvAH svarUpeNa pratibhAnti, tacca svarUpameSAM sallakSaNamavikalpakapratyakSagrAhyam / bhedo'nyApekSa iti na teSAM svarUpam, yad anyAnapekSayA jhagityeva pratIyate tat svarUpam, bhedasya tu vikalpaviSayatvAdanyApekSatvena kAlpanikatvam kAlpanikaM ca aparamArthasad ucyate / tathAhi- evameva bhedapratItiH dravyArthika-paryAyArthika nayayugala ke hI bheda haiM / yahA~ vikalpa kA artha 'bheda' hai / 'siM' pada kA 'anayo:' = ina donoM ke' aisA artha vivaraNa kiyA hai / 'siM' pada kA saMskRta 'teSAM' hotA hai jo bahuvacanAnta pada hai, yahA~ naya to dravyArthika-paryAyArthika do hI hai, isaliye vyAkhyAkArane 'siM' pada kA 'teSAM' aisA bahuvacanAnta saMskRta na kara ke 'anayoH' aisA dvivacanAMta saMskRta kiyA hai vaha prAkRtazailI ke AdhAra para kiyA hai / prAkRta meM dvivacana ke sthAna meM hamezA bahuvacana hI hotA hai jaise eka prAcIna 'bahuvayaNeNa duvayaNaM' gAthA meM kahA gayA hai / gAthA kA artha yaha hai ki prAkRta meM bahuvacana prayoga se dvivacana kathita hotA hai jaise ki 'hastau' ke liye 'hatthA' aura 'pAdau' ke liye 'pAyA' / tathA SaSThI vibhakti ke dvArA caturthI pratipAdita kI jAtI hai jaise 'namo'stu devAdhidevebhyaH' ke liye 'namotthu devAhidevANaM' 'vedaMtadetado sA'bhyAM sesimau' (8-3-31) isa haimavyAkaraNasUtra ke anusAra idam-tad aura etad sarvanAmoM kA 'Am' SaSThI vibhakti ke sAtha vikalpa se 'siM' Adeza prAkRtabhASA meM kiyA jAtA hai| mUla naya sirpha do hI haiM mUla naya do hI haiM - dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika, kyoMki eka dUsare se pRthak sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye do hI viSaya haiM, ina se atirikta tIsare prakAra kA koI viSaya hI nahIM hai jisa ko grahaNa karane vAlA, pUrvokta nayayugala se atirikta koI naya ginAyA jA sake / kyoM tIsare prakAra kA viSaya nahIM hai ? isaliye, ki vastu ke jitane bhI svabhAva haiM ve kathaMcit bhedavAle hote haiM yA abhedavAle, abhedavAle yAnI sAmAnyAtmaka aura bhedavAle yAnI vizeSAtmaka / ina ke alAvA tIsarA koI svabhAvaprakAra yukti se saMgata hotA nahIM / yadi kaheM ki- 'bheda aura abheda se atirikta bhedavAn yA abhedavAn aisA bhI eka padArtha to hotA hai, usakA prakAzaka tIsarA naya kyoM nahIM hogA ?'- yaha prazna nirarthaka hai, kyoMki usa bhedavAn yA abhedavAn padArtha ke Upara bhI do vikalpa prayukta ho sakate haiM, bheda aura abheda ko choDa kara tIsarA to koI svabhAva nahIM hai ata: bhedavAn yA abhedavAn, una donoM meM se eka meM hI zAmila ho jaayegaa| yadi unheM bhedasvabhAva yA abhedasvarUpa nahIM mAneMge to usa kI dazA gaganapuSpa jaisI asat ho jAyegI / bheda yA abheda se bhedavAn yA abhedavAn kA yadi abheda mAneMge taba to tIsare kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM hai, kintu yadi una meM bheda mAna kara tRtIya arthAntara kI kalpanA kareMge to bheda aura bhedavAn ke bIca sambandha joDanA paDegA jisa ko siddha yA saMgata karane ke liye koI upAya sambhava nahIM hai| yadi samavAya sambandha kI kalpanA kareMge to samavAya kA bhI una ke sAtha sambandha

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 'idamasmAd vyAvRttam' etaccAdhyakSasyA'gocaraH, ata eva sarvAvasthAsu yad anugataM rUpaM tadeva tAttvikam, yathA sarpAdivikalpeSu bodhamAtraM sarveSvanugacchat tathAbhUtam - sarpAdyAkArAstu vyAvRttAH parasparato bhinnarUpA bAdhyante, na punarbAdhakena bodhamAtrasya bAdhA - tathA ghaTAdiSu vibhinneSu mRdrUpatAssvRttiH, yAvadreNvavasthA tAvadanugatAyAM (yAH) mRdrUpatAyAH sattvam, ghaTAdInAM tu kazcitkAlaM pratIyamAnAnAmapyarthakriyAM ca sAdhayatAM svapnadRSTapadArthavanna sattvam / yathA svabhedeSvanugatAyA mRdrUpatAyAstAttvikatvam evaM mRdrUpatvAdInAmapi sattvApe - kSayA bhedarUpatvAnna tAttvikatvam / 270 khojanA paDegA, yadi vaha upalabdha nahIM hogA to bhedavAn yA abhedavAn aisA svAmitvabodhaka nirdeza hI zakya nahIM hogA / yadi samavAya kA anya samavAya sabandha kalpita kareMge to usakA bhI anya, usakA bhI anya, usakA bhI anya aisI kalpanA kA anta nahIM hogA / samavAya ke badale yadi vizeSaNa - vizeSya sambandha kI kalpanA kareMge to usake liye bhI anya vi0vi0 sambandha kI kalpanA karanI hogI, yahA~ bhI anavasthA hogI, ataH kisI bhI sambandha kI siddhi zakya nahIM hai / isa se yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki do se atirikta tIsarA koi svabhAva na hone se, tIsare svabhAva kI kalpanA para avalambita nayI koI prarUpaNA bhI nahIM hai jisa kA ukta do naya kI prarUpaNA meM antarbhAva na hotA ho / hai to itanA hI hai ki inhIM do nayoM ke zuddhi - azuddhi kI taratamatA ke AdhAra para aneka prakAra se vastusvabhAva kA nirUpaNa, usa ke vividha vikalpa evaM vividha nAmakaraNa Adi kI pravRtti prasiddhi pAtI hai / zuddha dravyAstikanaya - saMgrahanayavat prarUpaNA saMgrahanayAbhimata mahAsAmAnyAtmaka eka padArtha (viSaya) meM dRDha adhyavasAya rakhanevAlA zuddha dravyAstikanaya hai / saMgrahanaya kA abhiprAya :- sArA vizva ekAtmaka hai kyoMki satsvarUpa se aviziSTa yAnI bhedazUnya hai / tAtparya, sattvAvacchinnapratiyogitAka bheda aprasiddha hai / kisa prakAra vizva ekAtmaka hai yaha suniye - padArthamAtra pararUpa se nahIM kintu apane rUpa se, svarUpa se prakAzita hote haiM / padArthoM kA svarUpa kaisA hai ? sadAtmaka hai, jo ki vikalpa kI dakhalagiri se zUnya pratyakSa se prakAzita hotA hai / bheda bhAva kA svarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha anyasApekSa hotA hai, udA0 ghaTabheda ghaTasApekSa (ghaTapratiyogika) hotA hai / yaha niyama hai ki jo dUsare kI apekSA vinA tvarita prakAzita ho jAya vahI usa kA svarUpa hai, bheda to pratiyogisApekSa ho kara hI pratIta hotA hai ataH vaha pAramArthika svarUpa nahIM hai, kintu kAlpanika hai kyoMki vaha vivAdAspadaprAmANyavAle vikalpa kA viSaya hai / kAlpanika hotA hai vaha apAramArthikasat yAnI asat kahA jAtA hai / bheda kI pratIti vastu ke anugatarUpa se nahIM kintu vastubAhya (= vyAvRtta) rUpa se, jaise ki 'yaha usa se vyAvRtta ( = bAhya) hai' isI ullekha ke sAtha hotI hai, vyAvRtta svarUpa hone se hI vaha zuddha pratyakSa kA gocara nahIM hotaa| isa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki sarva avasthAoM meM jisa kI avicchinna ( = anugata) pratIti hotI hai vahI vastu kA tAttvika svarUpa hai / udA0 sarpa-rajju Adi ke vikalpoM meM sarva avasthAoM meM bodhamAtra avicchinnarUpa se pratIta hone se vahI pAramArthika hai, jaba ki paraspara bhinna, eka-dUsare se bAhyarUpa meM pratIta honevAle sarpAkAra - kuMDalIAkAra Adi AkAra kabhI pratIta hote haiM kabhI nahIM hote isa liye bAdhita hone se pAramArthika nahIM hote / jaise ki ghaTa - zarAvAdi padArthoM meM piNDAvasthA, ghaTAvasthA, kapAlAvasthA yAvat cUrNAvasthA taka mRdrUpatA kI AvRtti = anuvRtti arthAt avicchinna

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 271 ata eva tattvavidbhiktam- [gauDapAdakArikA 6 - 31] 'AdAvante ca yatnAsti vartamAne'pi tattathA / vitathaiH sadRzAH santo'vitathA iva lakSitAH // ' vitayaistu sAdRzyam = avitathatvAbhimatAnAM kAlatrayavyApitvam / tat pratyakSeNa pratIyamAnasya sadrUpatAyA grahaNAt 'sarvamekaM sallakSaNaM ca brahma' [ ] ityAhuH / AgamazcAbhedapratipAdakaH - tathA ca mantraH 'indro mAyAbhiH para[puru] rUpa Iyate" [Rgve. maM0 6 sUkta 47 RcA 18] ityanenAbhinnasya mAyAkRto bhedo dayate / tathA, brAhmaNe'pi bhedaniSedha uktaH 'neha nAnA'sti kiMcana' [bRhadA0 4-4 -19] / tathA bhedadarzino nindArthavAdaH zrUyate- 'mRtyoH sa mRtyumApnoti ya iha nAneva pazyati' [vRhadA0 4-4-19] 'iva' zabdenaupacArikatvaM bhedasya darzitam / tathA, 'ekamevA'dvitIyam' [chAndo0 6-2-1] ityavadhAraNA'dvitIyazabdAbhyAmayamevArthaH sphuTIkRtaH / 'puruSa evedaM sarvaM yad bhUtam' [RksaM0 10-90.2] ityAdikacAnekastadadvaitapratipAdaka AmnAyaH / na cAgamasyAbhedapratipAdakasya pratyakSabAdhA, tasyAnugatarUpagrAhakatvenAbhyupagamAt tathA'virodhitvAt / taduktam - ___ 'AhurvidhAtR pratyakSaM na niSech vipshcitH| naikatve Agamastena pratyakSeNa virudhyate ||[brt zlo0 1] na caitad vacanamAtram yato bhedaH pratyakSapratItiviSayatvenAbhyupagamyamAnaH kiM dezabhedAdabhyupagamyate Ahozvit kAlabhedAt uta AkArabhedAt ? tatra na tAvad dezabhedAd bhedo yuktaH, svato'bhinnasyAnyabhede'pi bhedAnupapapatteH - na hyanyabhedo'nyatra saMkrAmati / kiMca, dezasyApi yadyaparadezabhedAd bhedaH tathA pratIti satata jArI rahatI hai isaliye eka sImA taka vahI sadbhuta hotI hai, jaba ki ghaTAdi kucha kAla taka hI pratIta hote haiM aura kucha kAla taka arthakriyA sAdhaka bane rahate haiM, sadA ke liye nahIM ata: svapnadRSTa padArtha (jo ki kucha kAla taka hI pratIta hote haiM aura kucha arthakriyA karate dikhAI dete haiM una) kI taraha apAramArthika haiN| yahA~ jo abhI kahA gayA ki mRdrUpatA eka sImA taka sadbhUta hotI hai usakA matalaba yaha hai ki ghaTAdibheda meM anuvRtti kI apekSA se, arthAt ghaTAdi kI apekSA se hI usako tAttvika kahA hai, vAstava meM to sattva kI apekSA usa ko dekhA jAya to mRd bhI sat kI avasthAvizeSa yAnI bhedasvarUpa hone se apAramArthika hI hai / ___ eka tattva darzaka ArSa vANI* kabhI hove kabhI na hove, aisI cIja pAramArthika nahIM hotI isIliye tattvavettAoMne bhI (gauDapAdakArikA meM) kahA hai- "jinakI prArambha (bhUtakAla) meM yA anta (bhaviSya) meM hastI nahIM hai unakI vartamAna meM bhI hastI nahIM hotI / mithyAsadRza hote hue bhI ve satya jaise lakSita hote haiN|" ___ satya jaise lakSita honevAle mithyAsadRza hone kA tAtparya hai ki tIna kAla meM vyApa kara na rahanA / pratyakSapratIti kA jo koI viSaya hai vaha ukta rIti se satsvarUpa se hI gRhIta hote haiM, anya vikalpabhAsita svarUpa mithyA hai isIliye pUrva RSiyoMne kahA hai ki "jo kucha hai vaha saba eka hI satsvarUpa brahmAtmaka hai|" tathA, Rgveda meM bhI abheda kA pratipAdana milatA hai jaise ki eka mantra meM kahA hai "indra yAnI paramabrahma mAyA ke prabhAva se pururUpa yAnI bahurUpI lakSita hotA hai" / aise arthavAlI mantraRcA se spaSTa hI abhinna-akhaMDa padArtha kA bhI mAyA ke prabhAva se bheda dikhAyA gayA hai / tathA bAhmaNa grantha meM bhI (bRhadAraNyaka meM) 'yahA~ kucha bhI (vAstavika)

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272 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sati taddezasyApi aparadezabhedAd bhedaH ityanenAnavasthA / svata eva ced dezabhedastarhi bhAvabhedo'pi svata evAstu kiM dezabhedAd bhedakalpanayA ? api ca, yAvadavaSTabdhau dezai bhinnau bhAvayorbhedako netodbhAtaH (naivodrAtaH) tat kutastadbhedAt bhedo jJAtuM zakyaH svato'vyavasthitayoranyavyavasthApakatvA'yogAt ? yazcA'navaSTabdho dezaH pratibhAti nAsau bhedakaH atiprasaMgAt / tanna dezabhedAd bhAvabhedaH samastIti nAsau pratyakSagrAhyaH / ___nApi kAlabhedAt pratyakSato bhinnaM vastu pratyetuM zakyam sanihitamAtravRttitvAt tasya / tathAhiyadA AyaM darzanaM mRtpiNDamupalabhate na tadA bhAvinaM ghaTam, tadapratItau tadapekSayA na svaviSayasya bhedaM pratyakSaM pratyetuM samartham pratiyogigrahaNamantareNa 'tato bhinnamidam' ityanavagateH / tatra hi darzane mRdaH svarUpaM pratibhAtIti tadadhigatiryuktA, tatrApratibhAsamAnaM tu bhAvighaTAdirUpaM bhaviSyatIti nA'tra pramANamasti, nApi tasmAt bhedaH / athottarakAlabhAvi darzanaM bhinaM ghaTaM mRtpiNDAd darzayatItyabhyupagamaH so'. pyayuktaH, yataH tadapi darzanaM puraHsthitArthapratibhAsanAna pUrvadRSTArthagrahaNakSamam, tadagrahaNe ca na tasmAd bhedamAdarzayituM kSamaM vartamAnArthasya / tasmAna tenApi bhedagatiH / vaividhya nahIM hai| aisA kaha kara bheda kA pratiSedha kiyA gayA hai / tathA bRhadAraNyaka meM hI bhedadI kI nindArUpa arthavAda sunAI detA hai jaise- 'jo yahA~ vividhatAprAya: kA darzana karatA hai vaha eka mRtyu se dUsare mRtyu ko prApta karatA rahatA hai|' yahA~ mUla grantha meM nAneva (= vividhatAprAya) nAnA zabda ke sAtha iva zabda lagA kara bheda aupacArika hai vAstavika nahIM- isa tathya kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai / tathA 'ekameva advitIyam' isa chAndogyopaniSat meM bhI evakAra aura 'advitIyam' ye do zabda bhArapUrvaka abheda ke pratipAdana aura bheda ke niSedha ko spaSTa karane ke liye kahe gaye haiN| tathA RksaMhitA Adi aneka vedazAstroM meM 'puruSa hI yaha saba kucha hai jo bhUta yA bhAvi hai' ityAdi kaha kara advaita tattva kI prarUpaNA kI gayI hai| yadi kaheM ki - 'bhedasAdhaka pratyakSa se abhedapratipAdaka Agama bAdhita hote haiM - to yaha ThIka nahIM, kyoMki pratyakSa kA kArya sirpha anugatarUpa ko grahaNa karane kA hI hotA hai- yaha sarvamAnya tathya hai isaliye pratyakSa bhedasvarUpa vyAvRtti kA grAhaka na hone se abhedapratipAdaka Agama kA bAdhaka bhI ho nahIM sakatA / kahA bhI hai - paMDita loga pratyakSa ko vidhAtR yAnI anvayabodhaka hI kahate haiM, niSedhabodhaka nahIM / isaliye ekatva bodhaka Agama ke sAtha pratyakSa kA virodha sambhava nahIM / dezabheda se bheda pratyakSagrAhya nahIM hai hamane yaha jo kahA vaha yukti zUnya vacanamAtra hI hai aisA mata samajhanA / bheda kI parIkSA kara ke dekhiyebheda ko pratyakSa kA viSaya mAnane vAle yaha dikhAIye ki bheda kaise hotA hai ? dezabheda se, kAlabheda se yA AkAra (-svarUpa) bheda se ? dezabheda se, vastubheda mAnanA galata hai, kyoMki jo svata: bhinna nahIM hai vaha parAye bheda se bhI bhinna nahIM ho sakatA / aisA to nahIM hai ki caitra-maitra kA bheda devadatta meM saMkrAnta ho jAya ! uparAMta, yaha bhI khojanA hai ki vaha dezabheda kaise hai ? yadi anya dezabheda se prastuta dezabheda hai to usa anya dezabheda bhI apara dezabheda se, vaha bhI itara dezabheda se ... isa prakAra anavasthA clegii| yadi prastuta dezabheda parata: yAnI anyadezabheda prayukta nahIM kintu svata: hone kA mAnA jAya to vastubheda bhI svata: mAna lene para dezabhedaprayukta vastubheda kI kalpanA kA kaSTa kyoM kiyA jAya ! dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki do bhAvoM ke bhedaka rUpa se abhimata

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 273 __ atha pUrvadRSTArthasya smRtyA grahaNAt vartamAnasya ca darzanena pratibhAsanAd bhedAdhigatiH nahi kevalaM darzanaM bhedA''vedakaM kintu smRtisacivam / asadetat, yataH smRtirapi pUrvamanubhUtamavaiti na ca pUrva bhinnamavagatam, tat kathaM sA'pi pratiyoginaM bhinnamAdarzayituM kSamA ? tana tayA'pi bhedAdhigatiH / kiMca, svarUpanimagnatvAna bhAvabhedamavagantuM sA samarthA / tathAhi, smaryamANena vA rUpeNa smRtistamarthamavataret dRzyamAnena vA ? na tAvad dRzyamAnena rUpeNArthamavatarati smRtiH tasya tatrApratibhAsanAt / nApi smaryamANena rUpeNa tamarthamavatarati, smaryamANasya rUpasya tatrA'bhAvAt - parisphuTaM darzanArUDhaM hi rUpaM tasya pUrvamadhigatam na ca tat smRtau pratibhAti / tannArthasvarUpagrAhiNI smRtiH sambhavatIti na tato bhedagrahaH / athottaradarzane smRtau vA yadi pUrvarUpaM nAbhAti tadA tadapratibhAsanameva bhedavedanam / tathA cAha - jo una bhAvoM se AkrAnta deza haiM ve jaba taka 'bhinna' svarUpa se prakAzita na ho jAya taba taka una ke bheda se; vastu kA bheda kaise mAna sakeMge ? tAtparya yaha hai ki dezabheda bhI asiddha hai aura jaba apane hI bheda kI vyavasthA DA~vADola hai taba usa se anya ke bheda kI vyavasthA kaise ho sakatI hai ? jaba AkrAnta deza bhedaprayojaka nahIM ho sakatA to jo anAkrAnta deza dikhAI detA hai usa se to vastubheda kI AzA hI kahA~ ? yadi usa se bhI vastubheda mAna leMge to sArI duniyA bhI vastubhedaprayojaka bana jAne kI Apatti AyegI / sArAMza, dezabheda vastubhedaprayojaka nahIM hai aura ata eva dezabheda se vastubheda kA pratyakSa bhI asambhava hai| * kAlabheda se vastubheda pratyakSa se agrAhya kAlabhedaprayukta vastubheda kA pratyakSa se grahaNa azakya hai, kyoMki pratyakSa to svasamAnakSaNavRtti artha ke grahaNa meM hI sakSama hotA hai, bhedagrahaNa ke liye pUrvottarakSaNavRtti artha kA bhedapratiyogI ke rUpa meM vartamAna meM jJAna honA jarUrI hai kintu vaha samAnakAlIna na hone se zakya nahIM / jaba pratiyogIjJAna hI azakya hai taba bhedajJAna kI AzA kaise ? dekhiye- Adya kSaNa meM jaba miTTipiNDa kA upalambha hotA hai usa samaya bhAvi ghaTAvasthA kA upalambha zakya nahIM / bhAvi ghaTAvasthA usa samaya gRhIta na hone para, bhAvighaTasApekSa AdyakSaNaviSayaniSTha bheda bhI AdyakSaNabhAvi pratyakSa se gRhIta honA azakya hai / kAraNa, ghaTAdi pratiyogI ajJAta rahane para 'ghaTAdi se yaha bhinna hai' isa prakAra bhedopalambha ho nahIM sakatA / tAtparya yaha hai ki Adya kSaNa meM darzana meM miTTI kA svarUpa pratibimbita hotA hai isa liye usakA bodha honA yuktisaMgata hai, kintu pratibimbita na hone vAlA bhAvighaTa 'bhaviSya meM hone vAlA hai' isa DhaMga se usa kSaNa meM gRhIta hotA ho isa bAta meM koI pramANa nahIM hai, taba bheda gRhIta hone kI to bAta hI nhiiN| yadi kaheM ki- 'uttarakSaNa meM jo ghaTadarzana hogA vaha miTTipiNDa se apane viSaya ke bheda kA grahaNa kara legA'- to aisA mAnanA ayukta hai, uttarakSaNa meM hone vAlA darzana bhI apane samAnakAlIna saMmukhasthita artha kA hI pratibhAsa karAne meM samartha hai, pUrvadRSTa artha ko pratibhAsita karane meM sakSama nahIM hai, ata: usake graha ke abhAva meM usa pUrvavartti miTTIpiNDa ke vartamAna ghaTAdiartha meM bheda kA grahaNa karane meM vaha samartha nahIM ho sakatA / ata: kAlabheda se bhI bheda kA upalambha zakya nahIM hai / smRti dvArA kAlabheda se vastubheda agrAhya AzaMkA :- pUrvadRSTa artha kA grahaNa smRti se ho jAya aura vartamAna artha kA grahaNa darzana se ho jAya,

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274 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'viziSTarUpAnubhavAnnAnyathA nyanirAkriyA' [pra0vA. 4-273 pU0] iti / etadapyasaMgatam, yataH pUrvarUpaviviktatA pratyakSapratipatteH smRtervA kuto'vagatA ? tAdRk smRtizca dvayamapi svArthanimagnaM na pUrvarUpamadhigantumIzam, tadanavagame ca na tadviviktatAdhigatiH tadapratibhAsanamapi tadapratIterevAsiddham / tasmAt 'pUrvarUpamAsIt' iti na kAcit pratipattiH pratipattuM kSamA / ___ atha bhAvarUpameva bhedaH tatpratibhAse so'pi pratipanna eva / tadapyasat, yato na bhAvarUpameva bhedaH, pratiyoginamapekSya 'tato bhinnametat' iti bhedavyavasthApanAt / yadi ca svarUpameva bhedastadArthasyAtmApekSayApi bhedaH syAt / 'parApekSayA svarUpabhedaH nAtmApekSayA' iti cet ? na, pararUpA'pratipattau tadapekSayA svarUpabhedo na pratipattuM zakyaH iti na pUrvAparakAlabhedaH pdaarthsmbhvii| atha AkArabhedAd bhedaH samAnakAlayoH nIla-pItayoravabhAsamAnavapurasti, yatrApi deza-kAlabheisa prakAra donoM ke gRhIta rahane para bhedopalambha bhI ho sakatA hai / sirpha darzanavyakti se hI bhedopalambha to nahIM hogA kintu pUrvadRSTArthagrAhiNI smRti se anugRhIta darzana se to ho sakatA hai na ! uttara :- yaha AzaMkA galata hai / kAraNa, smRti hAlA~ki pUrvAnubhUta artha kA upalambha kara le to bhI usa pUrva artha kA 'bhinna' rUpa meM to upalambha nahIM karatI, taba vaha kaise darzana ke samakSa 'bhinna' rUpa meM pUrva pratiyogIbhUta artha kA prakAzana karegI ? ata: phalita huA ki smRti se yA usa kI sahAyatA se bhI bheda kA upalambha saMgata nahIM hotA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki smRti to apane svarUpagrahaNa meM hI magna rahatI hai, ata: bhAva ke bheda kA prakAzana karane meM vaha sakSama nahIM ho sakatI / ina vikalpoM para sociye ki (1)- smRti pUrvAnubhUta artha kA prakAzana smaryamANa (yAnI pUrvakAla meM anubhavArUDha) rUpa se karegI yA (2) vartamAnakAla meM dRzyamAna rUpa se karegI ? (2) vartamAna meM dRzyamAna artha to smRti meM pratibimbita hI nahIM hotA ataH vartamAna meM dRzyamAna rUpa se to vaha usakA prakAzana kara nahIM sktii| (1) smaryamANa (yAnI pUrvakAla meM anubhavArUDha) rUpa se bhI vaha artha kA prakAzana nahIM kara sakatI kyoMki vaha rUpa aba smRtikAla meM vidyamAna hI nahIM hai| pUrvakSaNa meM darzana meM pratibimbita jo rUpa thA vaha to spaSTarUpa se pUrvakSaNa meM hI anubhUta huA thA lekina aba vaha vidyamAna na hone se smRti meM pratibimbita ho nahIM sakatA / sArAMza, smRti arthasvarUpa kA grahaNa kare yaha sambhavita nahIM hai, ata: usa se bheda-prakAzana bhI zakya nahIM / pUrvakAlIna arthabhedapratibhAsa azakya* AzaMkA :- uttarakSaNa ke darzana meM jaba pUrvakAlIna rUpa bhAsita nahIM hotA to usake apratibhAsasvarUpa jo uttarakSaNasaMvedana hai vahI bhedasaMvedanarUpa hai / kahA bhI hai pramANavArttika meM ki 'bhedasiddhi viziSTa yAnI niyata rUpa ke anubhava se hotI hai, anyathA usa ke dvArA anya kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA' / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki uttarakSaNa meM pUrvakAlIna artha ke pratibhAsa kA jo niSedha kiyA jAtA hai vahI bhedasaMvedana meM pramANa hai kyoMki usake vinA pUrvakAlIna artha ke pratibhAsa kA niSedha kaise kara pAyeMge ? uttara :- yaha vidhAna bhI asaMgata hai, kyoMki pUrvarUpa se viziSTatA yA viviktatA kA avagama pratyakSa se * pUrvamudrite tu 'bAnyato'pi ni' iti pAThaH, pAThAntaraM ca 'nyato'nyani' iti sUcitam / pramANavArtike mUle 'danyathAnyani' iti pAThaH kintu TIkAyAM 'nirAkriyA na bhavati' iti vyAkhyAtamata: 'nAnyathAnyani' ityeva pATha: samyaka matvAtra nyastaH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0-3 dastatrApi tadrUpeNa svarUpe bheda evopalakSyate na punaH svarUpabhedAdaparo bhedaH sambhavati anyasyAnyana bhedA'yogAt tasmAt svabhAvabheda evAsti pratibhAsanAt / ityapyayuktam, yataH svarUpabhedo dvayorudyotamAnavapuSoH kiM svata eva pratibhAti uta vyatiriktapratibhAsAvaseyaH ? tatra na tAvad bodhAtmA purasthayornIla-pItayorbhedamavagamayituM prabhuH tasyAparokSanIlAdyAkAravyatiriktavapuSaH sukhAdivyatiriktatanozvApratibhAsamAnatvenAsattvAt / tathAhi - bahirnIlAdiH sukhAdibhrAntaH parisphuTaM dvayamAbhAti na tadvayatirikto bodhAtmA svapne'pyupalabhyate iti kathamasAvasti ? atha ' aham ' pratyayena bodhAtmA'vasIyate / na tatra zuddhasya bodhasyAspratibhAsanAt / sa khalu ' ahaM sukhI duHkhI sthUlaH kRzo vA' iti sukhAdi zarIraM ass lambamAnaH prasUyate na taddvyatiriktaM bodhasvarUpam / tana tadviSayo'pyasau / svarUpeNa vA'pratibhAsamAnavapurbodhaH kathaM bhAvAn vyavasthApayituM prabhuH ? nahi zazaviSANaM kasyacid vyavasthApakaM yuktam / bhavatu vA vyatirikto bodhaH prakAzamAnavapustathApyasau svarUpanimagnatvAt na nIlAderbhinnasya grAhako yuktaH, na hi bodhakAle nIlAdikamAbhAtIti tasya bodho grAhako bhavet nIlAderapi bodhaM prati grAhakatApatteH / hotA hai yA smRti se ? donoM meM se eka bhI pUrvarUpa ke prakAzana meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki pahale kaha diyA hai ke ye donoM apane apane arthasaMvedana meM hI tallIna rahate haiM / jaba pUrvarUpa kA Avedana zakya nahIM to usakI viviktatA yAnI bheda kA adhigama kaise hogA ? pUrvarUpa ke apratibhAsa se bhedasaMvedana kA ApAdana bhI galata hai kyoMki jaise pUrvarUpa kI pratIti nahIM hotI vaise usake pratibhAsa kA abhAva bhI pratIta nahIM hotA / isa liye koI bhI pratIti (cAhe pratyakSa yA smRti) 'pUrvarUpa thA' isa DhaMga se avagama karane ke liye sakSama nahIM hai / AzaMkA :- bheda bhAvarUpa hI hai, ataH bhAvapratibhAsa ke sAtha bheda bhI pratIta ho jAtA hai / 275 uttara :- yaha vidhAna bhI asaMgata hai, kyoMki bheda kI vyavasthA 'yaha usase bhinna hai' isa prakAra pratiyogI ke sApekSa ullekha se hI hotI hai, ataH siddha hotA hai ki bheda bhAvasvarUpa nahIM hai / yadi bhAvasvarUpa hI bheda hotA na ki parasApekSa, taba to para kI apekSA se bheda hotA hai vaha sva kI apekSA se bhI prasakta hogA, yAnI ghaTa meM vastrabheda kI taraha ghaTabheda bhI sAvakAza hogA / yadi kaheM ki para kI apekSA se hone vAlA bheda bhAva svarUpa hotA hai isaliye sva kI apekSA se bheda prasakta nahIM hogA' - to aisA bheda upalabdha honA zakya nahIM kyoMki pararUpa kI pratIti pUrvokta rIti se zakya na hone se usa kI apekSA para avalaMbita svarUpAtmaka bheda bhI kaise upalabdha hogA ? sArAMza, pUrvottarakAlabheda padArthAvalambI hone kA sambhava nahIM hai ataH kAlabheda se vastubheda kI siddhi bhI azakya hai / aparokSa nIlAdiAkAravyatirikta bodhAtmA asat AzaMkA :- nIlAkAra - pItAkAra ke bheda se samakAlIna nIla aura pIta kA bheda zarIra spaSTa hI lakSita hotA hai / jahA~, svarUpabheda ke badale deza-kAla ke bheda se vastubheda pragaTa kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ bhI vAstava meM deza-kAla bheda to upalakSaNamAtra hotA hai aura usa bheda se svarUpabheda hI upalakSita hotA hai / vAstava meM svarUpabheda ko choDa kara aura kisI se kisI kA bheda hotA hI nahIM / kyoMki eka ke bheda se dUsare kA bheda sambhava nahIM hotA jaise ki vastrabheda se puruSabheda nahIM ho jAtA / saMkSepa meM kahe to sirpha svabhAvabheda hI pratibhAsita hotA hai isaliye usI kI hastI prAmANika hai /

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam atha bodhAtmA puraHstheSu nIlAdiSu pratyakSatAM prati vyApriyamANa upalabhyata iti grAhakaH, nIlAdistu tadviSayatvAd grAhyaH / tadapyasat vyApArasya tadvyatiriktasyAnupalambhenAsattvAt na hi prakAzamAnanIlasukhAdirUpabodhAbhyAmanyo vyApAra upalabhyate, upalambhe vA tasya tatrApyaparo vyApAro bodhasyAbhyupagantavyaH, punastatrApyaparo vyApAra ityanavasthA / atha svata evAsau vyApAra upalabhyate / nanvevaM tasya svAtantryeNopalambhAd vyApAratA'nupapattiH, na hi bodhAvabhAsasamaye svatantratanurudbhAsamAnaH padArtho bodhavyApAra iti yuktam, bodhasyApi tadvayApAratAprasaMgAt / ' bodhaparatantratvAd vyApAraH tadvayAvRtti (? pRti) ri' ti cet ? na, samAnakAlAvabhAsinastasya prAratantryA'yogAt / na hi svarUpeNa bodhakAle pratIyamAnatanu tat paratantraM bhavituM yuktam, bodhasyApi vyApAraparatantratApatteH / aniSpannarUpastu vyApAraH sutarAM na paratantraH, nahi kharaviSANaM tathA vyavahArabhAg loke prasiddham / tasmAdubhayathApyasat pAratantryam / tana kasyacid vyApAraH / 276 bhaina uttara :- yaha vidhAna bhI asaMgata hai| kyoMki yahA~ prazna khaDA hotA hai- svayaM prakAzamAna svarUpa nIla-pIta zarIra kA svarUpabheda kyA una ke pratibhAsa ke sAtha sAtha svataH bhAsita hotA hai yA unake pratibhAsa pratibhAsa meM - zuddha bodhAtmA meM svatantra bhAsita hotA hai ? prathama dUsare vikalpa kI vicAraNA kareM to lagatA hai ki bodhAtmA saMmukhavarttI nIla - pIta ke bheda ko prakAzita karane ke liye sakSama nahIM hai, kyoMki bAhya aparokSa nIlAdi ke AkAra se evaM Antarika sukhAdirUpa anubhUti se sarvathA atiriktazarIrI bodhAtmA kA svapna meM bhI anubhava nahIM hotA / yadi kaheM ki - ' aham = maiM' isa svarUpa se nIlAdivinirmukta zuddha bodhAtmA anubhavasiddha hai - to yaha yogya nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ zuddha bodha anubhavArUDha nahIM hotA kintu vaha 'maiM sukhI' 'maiM duHkhI' isa prakAra se athavA 'maiM sthUla hU~' 'maiM patalA hU~' isa DhaMgase sukhAdi yA zarIrAdi se militarUpa meM hI anubhUta hotA hai, kintu sukhAdi se vinirmukta bodha anubhava nahIM hotA / tAtparya, bodhAtmA ba abhyantara viSaya se hI uparakta rahane ke kAraNa svatantrarUpa se bhedaviSayI nahIM ho pAtA / athavA sidhI bAta hai ki apane zuddhasvarUpa se jo sva kA bhI zuddha pratibhAsa nahIM kara pAtA vaha anya bhAvoM kI nirdoSa vyavasthA kaise kara pAyegA !! yadi kisI prakAra yaha mAna le ki zuddhasvarUpa se prakAzamaya bodha kI hastI hotI hai, to vaha to apane svarUpa ke udbhAsana meM rakta rahegA, bhinna nIlAdi ke grahaNa kI jhaMjhaTa vaha kyoM karegA ? 'bodhAnubhavakAla meM sAtha sAtha nIlAdi bhI bhAsita hote haiM isaliye vaha nIlAdi grAhaka ho sake' yaha nahIM mAna sakate, kyoMki viparIta saMbhAvanA, nIlAdi hI bodha ke grAhaka hone kI bhI kI jA skegii| 1 bodha savyApAra hone meM anupapatti AzaMkA :- viparIta sambhAvanA sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki saMmukhavarttI nIlAdi udAsIna hote haiM jaba ki dhAmA nIlAdi kA pratyakSa karane ke liye vyApRta = sakriya = savyApAra hotA huA anubhava meM AtA hai / isaliye bodhAtmA hI 'grAhaka' hogA aura nIlAdi usakA viSaya hone se 'grAhya' mAnA jAyegA / uttara :- yaha AzaMkA galata hai kyoMki bodha se pRthak kisI vyApAra kA upalambha nahIM hotA isaliye vyApAra kI vastu hI nahIM hai / prakAzamAna nIlAdibodha aura sukhAdibodha ko choDa kara aura kisI vyApAra upalabdha hI nahIM hotA / mAna lo ki vaha upalabdha hotA hai - to anavasthA doSa sira uThAyegA, kyoMki jaise nIlAdi

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-3 277 kiMca, asAvapi vyApAraH kimarthe vyApriyate ? na vA ? iti kalpanAdvayam / yadi na vyApriyate kathaM tasmin satyapyarthasya grAhyatA bodhasya ca grAhakatA ? atha vyApriyate tadA tatrApyaparo vyApAro'bhyupagantavyaH, tatrApyapara iti saivAnavasthA / atha vyApArasya svarUpameva vyApAraH / nanu nIlAderapi vyApRtikAle svarUpamastIti tat tasya vyApAraH syAt tasmAt bodha-nIlavyApAralakSaNasya tritayasyaikakAlamupalambhAna kartR-karma-kriyAvyavahRtiH sambhavatIti na grAhya-grAhakabhAvaH samasti tattvataH / bhinnakAlayostu jJAna-jJeyayoH parasparasannidhinirapekSopalambhapravarttanAna vedya-vedakatAsambhavaH / tana bodhAtmA tulyakAlayornIla-pItayorbhedasya sAdhakaH, tasya svarUpaniSThatvAt / kiMca, sopi nIlAderbhinnaH pratyetavyaH ke grahaNa ke liye bodhAtmA savyApAra banatA hai vaise hI vyApAra ke grahaNa ke liye bhI savyApAra honA paDegA, usa vyApAra ke liye bhI nayA vyApAra karanA hogA, isa prakAra vyApAraparamparA kA anta nahIM hogaa| yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'vyApAra apane Apa hI upalabdha ho jAne se naye naye vyApAra kI paramparA nahIM calegI'- to vaha svatantra upalabdha hone se usako vyApAra kaise kaheMge ? bodha ke skurAyamANa hote hue usake sAtha svatantravidhayA sphurita hone vAlA padArtha bodha kA vyApAra nahIM bana sakatA, kyoMki viparIta saMbhAvanA - bodha hI usa svatantra sphurAyamANa padArtha kA vyApAra hone kI Apatti hogI / yadi kaheM ki - 'vaha bodhaparatantra yAnI bodhAvalambi hone se vahI bodha kI vyApRti yAnI vyApAra kahA jAyegA, viparIta sambhAvanA nahIM hogii|'- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki svatantrarUpa se samakAla sphurita hone vAle ekadUsare ke paratantra nahIM ho sakate / jo apane svarUpa se, bodhasampannakAla meM sphurita hotA hai vaha bodha kA paratantra nahIM kahA jA sakatA, anyathA bodha hI usakA (vyApAra kA) paratantra hone kI Apatti hogii| yaha to utpanna vyApAra kI bAta huI, jaba utpanna bhI vyApAra bodha kA paratantra hone meM koI tarka nahIM hai to anutpanna vyApAra sarvathA bodha-paratantra nahIM ho sakatA / kharaviSANa jo ki kabhI utpanna hI nahIM hotA usake liye kabhI logoM meM aisA vyavahAra nahIM dekhA ki vaha kisI kA paratantra hai| ata: utpanna yA anutpanna kisI bhI dazA meM, paratantratA siddha nahIM hotI / ata: bodha ke vyApAra kI kathA galata hai| bodhavyApAra savyApAra hone para anavasthA* __ yaha bhI socanA cAhiye- bodha kA vyApAra nIlAdi artha ke grahaNa meM udAsIna rahatA hai yA savyApAra hotA hai ? ye do vikalpa haiN| yadi udAsIna hotA hai taba to usake hote hue bhI nIlAdi kaise grAhya baneMge aura bodha bhI usakA grAhaka kaise hogA ? yadi savyApAra hotA hai to usa dUsare vyApAra ke liye bhI, jaise pahale bodha ke liye vyApAra Avazyaka mAnA gayA, vaise, nayA vyApAra mAnanA paDegA, usake liye bhI eka aura nayA vyApAra, isa prakAra pUrvavat anavasthA hogI / yadi kaheM ki vyApAra to svayaM hI vyApArAtmaka hai isaliye use naye vyApAra kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahegI- to yahA~ jaise vyApAra kA svarUpa vyApArAtmaka ho sakatA hai vaise nIlAdi kA bhI kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? vyApAra kAla meM hI nIlAdi kA bhI svarUpa maujUdA hai ata: vahI khuda vyApAra ho jAya, bIca meM naye vyApAra mAnane kI jarUra kyA ? phira bhI bodha-vyApAra aura nIlAdi tripuTI kI kalpanA karanA hai to karo lekina ye tInoM samakAlIna hone se kartR-kriyA-karma kA vyavahAra nahIM ghaTa sakegA, phalata: bodha evaM nIlAdi meM vAstavika grAhaka-grAhya bhAva nahIM bana sakegA / yadi jJAna aura jJeya bhinnakAlIna

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam tadapratItau tena nIla- pItAderbhedavedanA'yogAt / na hi bhinnenAtmanA'pratIyamAno bodho'rthAn bhinnAn pratipAdayituM samarthaH, zaSaviSANAderapi vyavasthApakatvaprasaMgAt / bhinnastu bodhAtmA pratyayAntareNa kiM pratIyate uta svAtmanaiva ? yadi 'pratyayAntareNa' iti pakSaH, so'nupapannaH, yatastadapi pratyayAntaramanyena pratyayAntareNa bhinnaM pratyetavyam tadapyanyenetyanavasthAprasaktiH syAt / athAtmanaiva, tadA svarUpanimagnatvAna nIlAvabhAsaM bhinatti tat kuto bhedasaMvit ? atha svata eva nIlAderbhedavedanam, tadapi na yuktam, yato yadi svata eva nIlAdayaH prakAzante tadA svaprakAzAste prasajanti, svaprakAzatve ca nIlAdernIlasvarUpaM svAtmani nimagnaM na pItarUpasaMsparzi pItasvarUpaM ca svasvarUpAvabhAsaM na nIlarUpasaMsparzi, tat kutaH parasparA'saMvedanAt svarUpato'pi bhedasaMvittaH ? bhedo hi dviSTho dvayasaMvedane sati vidito bhavet, nIlasvarUpe vA parokSe nIlaM na pItamAbhAti tathAtve satyekatApatteH / atha pratibhAsanameva bhedavedanam, nanu nIlasvarUpapratibhAse nIlaM viditam pI - tAdikaM tvanavabhAsamAnaM tatra nAstIti na zakyaM vaktum, nAstitvA'vedane ca kuto bhedasiddhiH svarUpamAtrasya pratibhAsanAt ? 278 haiM to una donoM ke upalambhoM meM paraspara saMnidhAna kI apekSA na hone se una meM vedya-vedaka bhAva hone kA sambhava nahIM hai / sArAMza, samAnakAlIna nIla- pIta ke bhI bheda kA sAdhana bodhAtmA se duSkara hai, kyoMki bodhAtmA apane svarUpa meM hI rakta hotA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki, nIla - pItAdi se svayaM bhinna rUpa meM bodhAtmA pratIta hogA tabhI vaha apane se bhinna nIla - pItAdi ke bheda kA grahaNa kara sakegA, kyoMki svayaM hI jaba bhinnarUpa meM pratIta nahIM hogA to bAhyArthI ko bhinna rUpa meM vaha kaise grahaNa kara pAyegA ! jabarana aisA mAneMge to svayaM jo bhinnarUpa meM pratIta nahIM hotA aise zazasIMga se bhI nIla- pItAdi ke bheda ko prakAzita karane ke liye bodhAtmA ko svayaM bhinnarUpa meM pratIta honA anivArya hai taba ye do vikalpa khar3e hoMge, vaha bodhAtmA apane Apa hI bhinnarUpa se prakAzita hogA ? yA anya pratIti se ? dUsarA vikalpa to ayukta hI hai kyoMki usa ko bhI anya pratIti se bhinnarUpa meM prakAzita hone ke liye aura eka anya pratIti kI AvazyakatA hogI, usake liye bhI aura eka pratIti kI.. isa taraha anavasthA sira uThAyegI / yadi vaha apane Apa hI apane ko bhinnarUpa se prakAzita karegA aisA mAnA jAya to vaha apanI bhinnarUpa pratIti meM hI sarAbora rahegA, taba nIlAvabhAsa kA bheda siddha karane ke liye avakAza kaise pAyegA ? aba aisI sthiti meM bheda - saMvedana kaise hastI pAyegA !? svaprakAza nIlAdipakSa meM bhedasphuraNa azakya pahale jo do vikalpa kahe the ki svarUpabheda prakAzamAnanIlAdi kA apane Apa sphurita hotA hai yA bhinna pratibhAsa (bodhAtmA) se avagata hotA hai ? ina meM se dUsare vikalpa kA parIkSaNa ho gayA / aba yadi prathama vikalpa aMgIkAra kareM to vaha bhI yukta nahIM hai / kAraNa, nIlAdi svataH prakAzamAna ho aura una ke sAtha apanA bheda bhI svataH sphurita ho aisA mAnane para nIlAdi ko svaprakAza mAnanA paDegA, usa sthiti meM svaprakAza nIlAdi kA nIlasvarUpa apane Apa ko prakAzita karane meM vyApRta rahegA kintu pItarUpa kI ora dekhegA bhI nahIM, evameva pItasvarUpa apane Apa ko prakAzita karane meM rakta rahegA vaha nIla kI ora nahIM dekhegA, pariNAma yaha hogA ki donoM eka-dUsare ko chue~ge bhI nahIM to eka dUsare ke svarUpa ke bheda kA saMvedana kaise hogA ? bheda to

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 279 kiMca, nIlAderapi sthUlAvabhAsino'nekadiksambandhAt paramANurUpatayA vyavasthApanAt svarUpabhedaH syAt, punarnIlAdiparamANUnAmapi bhinnadiksambandhAt svarUpabhedaH bhavet tathA cAnavasthAnAt na bhedasthitiH / bhedo hi kasmiMzcidekarUpe siddhe tadviparyayAt svarUpasthitimAsAdayet, na cAnantareNa nyAyena kizcidapyekaM siddham paramANorapyabhedAsiddharbhavadabhyupagamena / na ca nIlasvarUpaM sukhAdyAtmatayA nAnubhUyata iti bhedavad abhedasyApi pratyakSatoprasiddhiH, yato nIlAdipratibhAsasya bhedA'vedanamevA'bhedavedanam / atha nI. lAdInAmAtmasvarUpA'vedanameva bhedavedanamiti pareNApi vaktuM zakyata eva tatazca kaH svaparapakSayorvizeSaH ? tathAhi - na deza-kAlasantAnAkArairekatvaM jagataH pratIyate, parasparopalambhaparihAreNa dezAdInAM pratibhAsanAt / asadetat anyonyaparihAreNopalabdheradvaitavAdino'prasiddhatvAt / na ca 'parasparAnupravezopalabdhirapi do meM rahane vAlA hotA hai ata: donoM kA saMvedana hone para hI bhedasaMvedana ho sakatA hai kintu hakIkata yaha hai ki nIlasvarUpa jaba aparokSa hotA hai taba vaha nIla pIta kA bhAna nahIM karatA, aise hI pIta nIla kA / yadi aisA eka-dUsare kA bhAva zakya ho taba to ve donoM do na raha kara eka hI ho jAyeMge kyoMki prakAzamAna-nIlapItasvarUpa saMvedana eka hai aura samakAlIna hai| yadi aisA kaheM- nIlasaMvedanakAla meM pIta kA asaMvedana hai vahI bhedasaMvedana hai to yahA~ vAstava meM to nIlasvarUpa saMvedana meM nIla hI sphurita hotA hai kintu yaha sphurita nahIM hotA ki pItAdi apratibhAsamAna hai, jaba pItAdi kI abhAsamAnatA kA bhI sphuraNa nahIM hotA taba 'apratibhAsamAna hai' aisA bhI kaise kaha sakate haiM ? aura jaba nAstitva kA saMvedana nahIM hai to 'vahI bhedasaMvedana hai' aisA kaha kara bhedasiddhi kaise kara pAyeMge ? pratibhAsa to sirpha nIla yA pIta ke apane svarUpa kA hI hotA hai nAstitva yA bheda kA nhiiN| bhedapakSa meM carama paramANu kI siddhi duSkara bhedavAdI ke pakSa meM anavasthA bhI bahuta hotI hai, sthUlAvabhAsI jo nIlAdi haiM una meM bhI bhedavAdI aneka dizAoM ke sAtha aMzata: saMyoga ke AdhAra para paramANubheda mAnate haiN| kintu paramANu ko bhI vividha dizA ke saMyoga se aneka aMza rUpa hI mAnanA paDegA, usake eka eka aMza kA bhI puna: vividhadizA saMyoga se bheda mAnanA hogA- isa prakAra kisI bhI sUkSma aMza ko sthAyi antima svarUpa prApta na hogaa| bheda kI siddhi ke liye pahale sthAyirUpa meM kisI eka kI siddhi honI cAhiye taba usake viparyaya se kisI dUsare meM usa ke bheda kA sthApana ho sakatA hai, kintu bhedavAda meM pUrvokta DhaMga se anavasthA doSa ke kAraNa usa kI mAnyatA ke anusAra paramANu meM bhI abheda yAnI akhaMDatA siddha na hone se kisI eka kI sthAyIrUpa meM siddhi hI nahIM ho paatii| AzaMkA :- bAhya nIlAdisvarUpa jo hotA hai vaha Antarika sukhAdirUpa meM anubhUta nahIM hote / ata: bheda jaise pratyakSa se siddha nahIM hotA vaise abheda bhI pratyakSa se siddha nahIM ho sktaa| uttara :- yaha vidhAna galata hai, kyoMki nIlAdipratibhAsa meM sukhAdi kA yA usake bheda kA saMvedana nahIM hotA hai, bheda kA asaMvedana yA abheda kA saMvedana eka hI bAta hai| AzaMkA :- aisA to prativAdI bhI kaha sakatA hai ki nIlAdi kA bhI AtmasvarUpa yAnI abheda kA vedana nahIM hotA, yaha abheda kA avedana yA bheda kA vedana eka hI bAta hai| to isa prakAra bhedapakSa aura abheda pakSa ke samarthana meM kyA vizeSatA rahI ? dekhiye - jagata meM eka deza, eka kAla yA eka santAnAkAra kI

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280 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam bhedavAdino'siddhA' iti vaktuM zakyam sanmAtropalabdheH sarvatra sadbhAvena parasparAnupravezopalabdheranuprasiddheH / tathAhi - asti tAvadayaM pratibhAsaH ata evA'dvaitamastu, na patra bhedapratibhAsaH, nApi bhedAbhedapratibhAsaH api tvabhedapratibhAsa eva bahirnIlAderbhinnasya bhinnAbhinnasya cA'yogAt / atha abhinnasyApi bahirnIlAderayogaH tarhAstu jyotirmAtraM prakRtiparizuddhaM paramArthasat tattvam / na ca nIlAdevahIrUpatayA pratibhAsamAnasyApi asattve jyotirmAtrasyApi paramArthasatattvarUpasyA'sattvamastu iti vaktuM zakyam, nIlAderavidyAvedyatvenA'tattvarUpavyavasthiteH jyotirmAtrasya tu vidyAvedyatvena tadviparyayarUpatvenAvasthAnAt / tatra pratyakSataH kathamapi bhedavedanam, smaraNAd vA uktanyAyena / atha sAmagrI sA tAdRzI darzana-smaraNarUpA yataH pratyekAvasthA'sambhavi bhedavedanAkhyaM kAryamudayamAsAdayati / asadetat yataHsAmagyapi kAryajanane samarthA nAtmasvarUpaprAdurbhAve bhedavedanalakSaNe / na ca smaraNapratyakSavyatiriktamaparaM bhedagrahaNam yena sAmagrI tad janayet / atha bhedanizcayajanane dvayaM vyApriyate, tadayuktam, grahaNamantareNa nizcayasyA'yogAt / [ grahaNaM ca na bhedavyApAravat smaraNasahAyam, grahaNaM kathaM pratIti nahIM hotI, kintu eka deza kI anya deza se, eka kAla kI anyakAla se, eka santAnAkAra kI anya santAnAkAra se parihArIrUpa meM yAnI pRthak rUpa meM pratIti hotI hai| ata: bheda siddha hai| 'sarvaM sat' pratIti se abheda siddhi zakya uttara :- yaha vidhAna galata hai, advaitavAdI ke mata meM 'sarvaM sat = saba kucha satsvarUpa hai' aisI hI pratIti hotI hai, eka-dUsare se pRthaktA kI prakAzaka koI upalabdhi hI advaitavAda meM prasiddha nahIM hai| AzaMkA :- dvaitavAdI ke mata meM eka-dUsare kI eka dUsare meM antarbhAva rUpa meM yAnI abhedaprakAzaka upalabdhi asiddha hai| ata: abhedasiddhi nahIM ho skegii| uttara :- yaha vidhAna bhI galata hai, kyoMki 'sarvaM sat' aisI pratIti sarvamAnya hai| yahI pratIti bhedarUpa se prativAdI ko abhimata sabhI padArthoM meM satrUpa se eka-dUsare meM antarbhAva kI pratItirUpa hai kyoMki 'sat' meM prativAdI ko abhimata vizeSamAtra kA antarbhAva mAnya hai| 'sarvaM sat' aisI pratIti-pratibhAsa ke bAre meM kisI ko bhI vivAda nahIM hai isa liye isI pratibhAsa se advaita tattva spaSTa ho jAtA hai / 'sarvaM sat' isa sarvamAnya pratIti meM na to bhedapratibhAsa hai, na bhedAbhedapratibhAsa hai, kintu abheda pratibhAsa hI hai, kyoMki bAhya nIlAdi na to bhinna rUpa se bhAsita hote haiM, na bhinnAbhinna rUpa se kintu abhinna-akhaMDarUpa meM bhAsita hote haiM isaliye usa ko bhinna yA bhinnAbhinna ke sAtha koI sambandha hI nahIM hai| AzaMkA : abhinnarUpa se bhI nIlAdi bhAsita nahIM hote ata: nIlAdi kA abhinna ke sAtha bhI koI sambandha nahIM hai| ____uttara : nahIM hai to bAhya nIlAdi ko mata mAno, prakRti se atyanta nirmala prakAzanasvarUpa jyoti hI pAramArthika sat tattva mAno, advaita anAyAsa siddha hogaa| AzaMkA : bAhyarUpa se pratibhAsa honevAle nIlAdi ko jaba sat nahIM mAnanA hai to AntararUpase pratibhAsa hone vAle, jisako Apa paramArtha sat mAnanA cAhate haiM, usa jyotisvarUpa ko bhI sat mata maano| [ ] ayaM pAThaH kiMcidazuddha iva prtibhaaste|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 281 grahaNa eva vyApAravad yuktam ? na ca nizcayasyApi smaraNAdanyastanizcayaH tato nizcayAt smaraNabhedAsnizcayaH ] iti na nyAyasaMgatametat / tasmAna pUrvA'parayorbhedagrahaNaM darzana-smaraNavizeSAdapi / na ca samAnakAlapratibhAsayornIlapItayoritaretarAbhAvagrahaNe bhedagrahaNaM sambhavati abhAvapramANasyetaretarAzrayatvenAnavatArAt / tathAhi - [zlo0 vA0 5.27 abhAva.] "gRhItvA vastusadbhAvaM smRtvA ca prtiyoginm| mAnasaM nAstitAjJAnaM jAyate'kSAnapekSayA // " iti tasya lkssnnm| na ca grahaNamantareNa pratiyogismaraNam, na ca pratiyogismaraNamantareNa bhedasAdhakAbhAvapramANAvatAra iti kathaM netaretarAzrayadoSaH ? bhedagrAhaka ___ uttara :- aisA nahIM ho sakatA / bAhya nIlAdi kA pratibhAsa to mAyA athavA avidyA se janita hotA hai isaliye usako asat mAnanA vAjiba hai| kintu jyotisvarUpa kA anubhava avidyAjanita nahIM, zuddha vidyA se janita hai ata: vaha asat nIlAdi se viparIta yAnI sat rUpa hI mAnanA ucita hai / niSkarSa, pratyakSa se athavA pUrvokta rIti se smRti se bhI bheda kA saMvedana asiddha hai| darzana-smaraNa kI milita sAmagrI se bhedavedana azakya * AzaMkA :- darzana aura smaraNa kI joDa yaha aisI sAmagrI hai jo alaga-thalaga raha kara bhedavedanarUpa kArya nahIM kara sakate the lekina mila kara eka sAmagrI bana kara kara sakate haiN| __uttara :- yaha prakalpanA bhI galata hai| kAraNa, sAmagrI kArya ko janma de sakatI hai kintu aprasiddha vastu ko AtmasvarUpa kA pradAna nahIM kara sakatI / arthAt bhedavedanAtmakatA kA AdhAna kisI bhI vedana meM sAmagrI se zakya nahIM / pratyakSa yA smaraNa to bhedAgrahaNasvarUpa hai nahIM, aura una se atirikta bhI koI bhedagrahaNa prasiddha nahIM jisakA sAmagrI se udaya yA AvirbhAva kiyA jA sake / yadi aisA kaheM ki- bhedadarzanasvarUpa darzana kI utpatti sAmagrI se mata mAno kintu vikalpAtmaka nizcaya to sAmagrI se utpanna ho skegaa| - to yaha bhI ayukta hai cU~ki darzanAtmaka grahaNa ke vinA nizcaya ke prAdurbhAva kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM hai| [ uparAMta, grahaNa (yAnI darzana) smaraNa kI sahAyatA se bheda ke grahaNa meM savyApAra nahIM hotA / grahaNa ke liye grahaNa hI savyApAra kaise ho sakatA hai ? tathA smaraNa bhI grahaNa kI sahAyatA se bhedagrAhI nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki nizcaya kA nizcaya to smaraNa se bhinna nahIM hotA aura smaraNa to pUrvavastugrAhI hotA hai ata: smaraNa se bhI bhedanizcaya kI zakyatA nahIM hai| isaliye darzana(grahaNa) aura smaraNa bhedanizcaya ke liye savyApAra hone kI bAta nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai| ] sArAMza, pUrva-apara rUpa se abhimata padArthoM ke bheda kA grahaNa darzana aura smaraNa kI milita sAmagrI se hone kA sambhava nahIM hai| AzaMkA :- jaba nIla-pIta kA pratibhAsa samAnakAla meM hotA hai taba donoM meM eka-dUsare ke abhAva kA bhI grahaNa hotA hai aura usa se bhedagrahaNa ho jAtA hai| uttara :- aisA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki anyonyAzraya doSa ke kAraNa yahA~ abhAvapramANa sAvakAza nahIM hai / abhAva pramANa kA lakSaNa zlokavArttika meM aisA batAyA hai- "(AzrayAtmaka) vastu ke sadbhAva kA jJAna aura pratiyogI kA smaraNa hone para indriyanirapekSa hI mAnasika abhAvajJAna ho jAtA hai / "- isa lakSaNa ke [ ] vyAkhyA meM [ ] vAlA pATha azuddha hone ke kAraNa yahA~ usakA vivaraNa bhI hamane kauMsa meM rakhA hai| yadyapi vivaraNa meM zabdaza: nahIM kintu tAtparya kA anuvAda karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai|

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282 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pratyakSAbhAve'numAnasyApi na bhedagrAhakatvena pravRttiH tasya pratyakSapUrvakatvAt, anumAnapUrvakatve itretraashrydossprskteH| tana kutazcit pramANAd bhedasiddhiH / na ca(cA)pramANikA vastuvyavasthA atiprsNgaat| na cAtredaM preraNIyam- 'sallakSaNamekaM brahma vidyAsvabhAvaM cet na kiMcinivartyam avAptavyaM vA bhavet tatazca tadarthAni zAstrANi pravRttayazca tatprayojanA vyarthAH syuravidyAyA abhAvAt dvitIyasyAH / avidyAsvabhAvatve vA na sattvam nApi brahmarUpatA' / - yato nA'vidyAsvabhAvaM brahma, nApi vidyAsvabhAvatve zAstrANAM pravRttInAM ca vaiyarthyam, avidyAyA vyApAranivartyatvAt / na tva(nva)vidyA naiva brahmaNo'nyA tattvato'sti ataH kathamasau yatnanivarttanIyasvarUpA ? ata eva, tasyAstattvataH sadbhAve kaH svarUpaM nivarttayituM zaknuyAt ? na cA'smAkameva puruSaprayatno'vidyAnivarttako mumukSUNAm kintu sarvatra pravAdeSvatAttvikA'nAyavidyocchedArtho mumukSuyatnaH / anusAra bhedagrahaNa ke liye pratiyogI kA smaraNa apekSita hai kintu vahI bhedagrahaNa ke vinA asambhava hai, evaM pratiyogI ke smaraNa ke vinA bheda-sAdhaka abhAvapramANa kA avatAra azakya haiM; isa prakAra donoM parasparAzrita ho jAne se anyonyAzraya doSa kyo nahIM hogA ?! uparokta DhaMga se jaba pratyakSa se bhedasiddhi kaThina hai taba anumAna kI to bhedagrahaNa ke liye pravRtti hone kI AzA hI nahIM rahatI, kyoMki anumAnapravRtti pratyakSa hone para nirbhara hotI hai / yadi anumAna pravRtti ke bala se hI pratyakSa kI pravRtti sAdhI jAya to pratyakSa pravRtti aura anumAna pravRtti meM anyonyAzraya doSa hogA / niSkarSa, kisI bhI pramANa se bheda siddha nahIM hotA / pramANa ke vinA kisI bhI vastu kI vyavasthA zakya nahIM, phira bhI aprAmANika vastu kA Agraha kiyA jAya to zazasIMga kI bhI siddhi vinA pramANa se ho jAne kI Apatti ho sakatI hai| mumukSuprayatna avidyA kA nivarttaka yahA~ aisA mata kahanA - "sat svarUpa eka brahma hI hai, aura kucha hai hI nahIM, to vaha brahma vidyAsvabhAva hai yA avidyAsvabhAva ? yadi vidyAsvabhAva hI hai to na usa meM se kisI kI nivRtti karttavyazeSa rahatI hai na to kucha prApti zeSa rahatI hai, ata: avidyAdi kI nivRtti ke liye athavA to vidyAsvabhAva brahma kI prApti ke liye race gaye zAstra vyartha ho jAyeMge / evaM brahmaprApti yA avidyAnivRtti ke prayojana se kI jAne vAlI pravRttiyA~ bhI nirarthaka ho jAyeMgI, kyoMki brahma ke alAvA aura koI avidyA jaisI dvitIya cIja hI nahIM hai / yadi brahma avidyAsvabhAva hai to mithyAtva prasakta hone se na to satsvarUpa hogA, na brahmasvarUpa hogA / ''- isa prakAra kA vidhAna isa liye anucita hai ki brahma avidyAsvabhAva nahIM hai, evaM vidyAsvabhAva hone para zAstra aura pravRtti kI vyarthatA kA prasaMga bhI nahIM hai / kAraNa, vidyAsvabhAvabrahmapakSa meM, avidyA kI nivRtti ke liye puruSArtha kI sArthakatA hai aura usake liye upadeza karane vAlA zAstra bhI sArthaka hai| prazna :- brahma advitIya hai, vAstava meM brahma se bhinna kucha bhI avidyA jaisA hastI meM nahIM hai taba puruSArtha se usakI nivRtti kaise kahI jAya ? uttara :- [ata eva...] brahma se bhinna avidyA tattvata: nahIM hai isI liye usakI nivRtti hotI hai / * 'sphuradvidyAyAH (1) prabhAvAt' iti pUrvamudrite pAThaH, tatraiva TIppaNyA pUrvasampAdakayugalena zuddhapAThakalpanA sUcitA / atra tu limbaDI0 AdarzAnusAreNa paatthshuddhirupnystaa|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 283 athApi syAt - na bamo'nAde!cchedaH, kintu nityasya brahmaNaH kimavidyAsvabhAvaH Ahosvid anyathA ? na tAvat svabhAvaH brahmaNastadviparItavidyAsvabhAvatvAt, arthAntaratve tasyAstattvataH sadbhAve nochedaH dvaitaprasaMgazca / atha matam - 'agrahaNamavidyA, sA kathamarthAntaram ! na cA'nivartyA sarvapramANavyApArANAmagrahaNanivRttyarthatvAt'- tadayuktam, tattvA'grahaNasvabhAvA avidyA tattvagrahaNasvabhAvayA vidyayA nivarkheta, sA tu nityA brahmaNi, na ca brahmaNo'nyo'sti yasya tattvA'grahaNaM brahmaNi prayatnalabhyayA vidyayA nivAta, brahmaNi tu yugapad grahaNA'grahaNe vipratiSiddhe, avirodhe vA na vidyayA tattvA'grahaNavyAvRttiH / yasya tvanyathAgraho'vidyA tasya brahmaNaH tadatatsvabhAvatve uktaM dUSaNam - tatsvabhAvatve tadvadanivRtteH, arthAntaratve dvaitApattiH / nityaprabuddhatve ca brahmaNaH kasyAnyathAtvagraha iti vAcyam tadvayatiriktasyAnyasyA'sattvAt, tasya ca vidyAsvabhAvatvAd na tadviparItA'vidyAsvabhAvatA viruddhadharmasayadi sacamuca avidyA jaisA kucha vAstava hastI meM hotA taba to usake svarUpa kI nivRtti karane meM kauna sakSama hai ? brahma kI hastI hai to usakI nivRtti jaise azakya hai isI prakAra avidyA yadi hastI meM hai to usakI bhI nivRtti azakya hai / aisA nahIM hai ki sirpha hama hI mumukSuoM ke puruSArtha ko avidyA-nivarttaka dikhalAte haiM, sabhI matavAdiyoM ne mumukSuprayatna ko atAttvika evaM anAdi avidyA kA ucchedaka dikhalAyA hai, ata: kisI prazna ko avakAza nahIM hai / avidyAnivRtti ke asambhava kI AzaMkA yadi aisI AzaMkA kI jAya hama yaha kahanA nahIM cAhate ki avidyA anAdi hone se usakA uccheda nahIM hotA / anAdi avidyA kA uccheda to prAya: sarvavAdimAnya hai, kintu hama yaha pUchanA cAhate haiM ki advaitavAda meM brahma nitya hai to avidyA usakA svabhAvarUpa hai yA viparIta yAnI svabhAvabAhya arthAntara hai ? brahma kA hI svabhAvarUpa avidyA ho nahIM sakatI, kyoMki brahma-svabhAva to vidyAmaya hai isa liye usakI virodhI avidyA brahma-svabhAvarUpa nahIM ho sakatI / yadi avidyA brahma se bhinna artha hai to vAstavika satsvarUpa hote hue usakA uccheda nahIM ho sakegA evaM 'brahma-avidyA' dvaita kI Apatti hogI / yadi aisA mAneM ki- 'avidyA 'brahma kA agrahaNa-asphuraNa' rUpa hai to arthAntara aura dvaitApatti kaise ? aura aisI avidyA anivartya ho aisA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki samasta pramANoM kA yahI vyApAra hai- agrahaNarUpa (ajJAna yA asphuraNa rUpa) avidyA kI nivRtti karanA / '- to aisA mAnanA ayukta hai / kAraNa, tattvagrahaNasvabhAva vidyA tattvaagrahaNasvarUpa avidyA kI atyanta virodhinI hai, aura brahma meM tattvagrahaNasvabhAva vidyA anAdikAlIna nitya hone se sadA maujUda hai usake hote hue virodhi tattvaagrahaNasvarUpa avidyA kI hastI hI kaise ho sakatI hai? brahma eka hai usa meM grahaNasvarUpa vidyA aura agrahaNa svarUpa avidyA gotva taraha paraspara viruddha hone se do meM se eka hI ho sakatI hai / yadi ina meM virodha hone kA nahIM mAneMge taba to vidyA se tattvaagrahaNarUpa avidyA kI nivRtti zakya hI nahIM hogI / tathA jisa vAdI ke matameM agrahaNasvarUpa nahIM kintu anyathA(=viparIta)grahaNa svarUpa avidyA mAnI gayI hai usa vAdI ke mata meM bhI do vikalpa haiM ki yaha avidyA brahma kA svabhAva hai yA svabhAvabAhya arthAntararUpa hai ? yadi svabhAvarUpa hai to brahma kI jaise nivRtti nahIM hotI vaise avidyA kI bhI nivRtti nahIM hogI / aura yadi arthAntararUpa hai to dvaita prasakta hogA / uparAMta,

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284 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam mAvezA'yogAt, avirodhe vidyayA nA'vidyAvyAvRttiH / atrAhuH - nAvidyA brahmaNo'nanyA, nApi tattvAntaram, na caikAntenA'satI, evameva iyamaviyA mAyA mithyAbhAsa ityucyate / vastutve tattvA'nyatvavikalpAvasaraH, atyantA'sattve'pi khapuSpavad vyavahArAnaGgam, ato'nirvacanIyA sarvapravAdibhizcaivamevAbhyupagantavyA / tathAhi - zUnyavAdino yathAdarzanaM sattve nA'vidyA, khapuSpatulyatve na vyavahArasAdhanam, sadasatyakSastu virodhAghrAta ityanirvacanIyA'vidyA / jJAnamAtravAdino yathA pratibhAsajJAnasadbhAve na bAhyApahavaH ghaTAderAkArasya grAhakAkArAd vicchedenA'vabhAsamAnasyApahavAyogAt, atyantA'sattve bahiravabhAsA'bhAvAt khapuSpAderiva, ubhayapakSasya cAsattvam virodhAt / bAhyArthavAdinAmapi rajatAdibhrAntayo'vabhAsamAnarUpasadbhAvAnA'vidyAtvamaznuvIran, atyantAsattve na tanibandhanaH kazcid vyavahAraH syAt, sadasatpakSastu kRtottaraH / tatraitat syAt - avabhAsamAnaM rUpaM tatra mA bhUt grAhakAkArastu sanneva nAsAvavidyA - asadetat, grAhyAkArasattve ca tadavabhAso'pi brahma to nitya prabodhasvarUpa hai to usakA viparItagrahaNa bhI kaise udita hogA ?, brahma se to alaga koI cIja hI nahIM hai to usa anya cIja ke rUpa meM brahma kA viparItagrahaNa kaise ho sakatA hai ? tathA brahma to vidyAsvabhAvamaya hai, avidyAsvabhAvatA to usakA viruddhadharma hai, viruddhadharmoM kA ekasthAna meM samAveza hotA nahIM, isaliye brahma meM avidyAsvabhAvatA kA sambhava hI nahIM / yadi ye do dharma paraspara aviruddha hai aisA mAnane jAyeMge to vidyA se avidyA kI nivRtti nahIM ho pAyegI / isa AzaMkA ke uttara meM sadadvaitavAdI kahate haiM - avidyA mImAMsA aura usakI nivRtti avidyA na to brahmase abhinna hai na bhinna hote huye tattvAntararUpa hai tathA ekAntata: asat bhI nahIM hai, ata eva use avidyA, mAyA athavA mithyAbhAsa kahA gayA hai / vaha vastubhUta nahIM hai isa liye 'brahmAtmaka hai yA brahmabhinna' ina vikalpoM ko avasara nahIM milatA / yadi atyanta asat mAnI jAya to gaganakusumavat vaha vyavahAra-antarbhUta bhI nahIM ho sakegI / to kyA hai ? isa kA uttara hai ki vaha anirvacanIyA yAnI zabdAtItasvarUpa hai| sarvamatavAdiyoM ke liye yaha tathya svIkAra karane yogya hai. dekhiye- zanyavAda meM dekhA jAya to yahA~ sarva hote haye jo jaisA dikhAI de usakI usa rUpa meM kAlpanika sattA mAnI jAtI hai (vAstava meM to kucha bhI pAramArthika sat nahIM hai) to vaise hI dikhAve ke anusAra use kAlpanika sat to mAnanA hogA, kintu phira use (mithyAbhAsa ke artha meM) avidyA yAnI mithyA nahIM kaha sakeMge / yadi gaganakusumavat asat mAneMge to usakA vyavahAra asaMgata ho jAyegA / sad-asat ubhayapakSa meM virodha kI badabU AyegI, antata: avidyA ko anirvacanIya mAnanA hogA / vijJAnavAdiyoM ke mata meM jJAna jaisA sphurita hotA hai (udA0 bAhyArthAvabhAsi) aisA mAna lene para bAhyArtha kA tiraskAra nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki jJAnagata grAhakAkAra se atirikta grAhyarUpa meM bAhya ghaTAkAra bhAsita hotA hai usakA apalApa nahIM ho sakatA / yadi bAhyArtha ko atyanta asat mAneMge to gaganakusumavat usakA bAhyarUpa se avabhAsa nahIM hogA / ubhaya pakSa to virodha ke kAraNa vyAhata hI hai, ata: antata: avidyA ko anirvacanIya kahanA hogA / bAhyArthavAdiyoM ke mata meM, rajatAdibhrAntiyoM meM jo rajatAdi avabhAsamAna haiM ve yadi sad bhUta haiM to una bhrAntiyoM meM avidyAtva yAnI mithyAtva nahIM saMgata hogA / yadi vaha rajatAdi atyanta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 285 grAhakAkAraH satyatayA na nirUpayituM zakyaH / na ca pratibhAsasya zUnyaH pratibhAso nAma kazcit / tasmAnA'vidyA satI, nApyasatI nApyubhayarUpA / ata eva nivRttirasyA adRDhasvabhAvatvena mAyAmAtratvAt, anyathA dRDhasvarUpatve'vasthitAyAH kathamanyathAsva(tvaM) svabhAvA'parityAgAt zUnyatve'pi svayaM nivRttatvAt / evaM ca nAdvaitahAnam, nApi nivarttanIyAbhAvaH / ___yacca kasyAsAvavidyeti codyam - tatra jIvAnAmiti brUmaH / nanu teSAmapi na brahmaNo'rthAntaratA / satyam, na paramArthataH, kAlpanikastu bhedaH teSAM tato na pratiSidhyate / nanu kalpanA'pi kasya bhedikA ? na tAvad brahmaNaH, tasya vidyAsvabhAvatvena sakalavikalpAtItatvAt, nApi jIvAnAm-kalpanAyAH prAk teSAmasattvAt itaretarAzrayaprasaMgAcca 'kalpanAto jIvavibhAgaH tadvibhAge sati kalpanA' iti / atra brahmavAasat mAne jAya to usakA vyavahAra asaMgata ho jAyegA, arthAt asat rajatamUlaka visaMvAdI pravRtti Adi rUpa koI vyavahAra nahIM ho pAyegA / sad - asat ubhayapakSa kI to bAta bAra bAra ho cukI hai / yadi aisI AzaMkA ho- avabhAsamAna rajatAdi grAhyarUpa ko bhale hI sat na mAnA jAya kintu grAhakAkAra to satsvarUpa hI hai isaliye hameM avidyA mAnane kI jarUra hI nahIM hai / - to yaha galata hai, kyoMki grAhyAkAra rajatAdi yadi asat hai to usake avabhAsamAna hote huye grAhakAkAra kA satyarUpa se nirNaya kaise ho sakatA hai ? tathA rajatAdipratibhAsa se zUnya svataMtra koI grAhakAkAra vaha ho nahIM sktaa|| sArAMza, avidyA ko kisI bhI mata meM na sat mAna sakate haiM, na asat, na ubhayasvarUpa, kintu anirvacanIya hai| sad-asat yA ubhayasvarUpa nahIM hone se hI vaha brahma kI taraha sa dRDhasvabhAva nahIM hai kintu adRDha svabhAva evaM mAyAsvarUpa hai isIliye usa kI nivRtti ho sakatI hai / yadi vaha brahma kI taraha dRDhasvabhAva hotI to brahma kI taraha anivRtti svabhAva ke badale vaha nivRtti svabhAva kaise ho pAtI ? svabhAva kA parityAga duSkara hotA hai / yadi vaha zUnyasvarUpa hai taba to svayaM gaganakusumavat nivRtta hone se avidyAnivRtti ke liye puruSArtha hI nahIM hotaa| uparokta carcA kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki avidyA satsvarUpa na hone se advaita kA bhaMga nahIM hotA aura anirvacenIya adRDha mAyA svarUpa hone se nivRtti bhI asaMgata nahIM hai| jIvAzrita avidyApakSa meM praznottara yadi yaha prazna kiyA jAya ki avidyA kisa kI Azrita hai to isakA uttara hai jIvoM kI / yadi kaheM ki- ve jIva bhI brahma se vibhinna tattva nahIM hai- to yaha bAta ThIka hai ki brahma aura jIvoM meM pAramArthika koI bheda nahIM hai| kintu brahma se jIvoM ke kAlpanika bheda kA pratiSedha nahIM hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki- "jIva aura brahma meM bhedasthApaka kalpanA jIvAzrita hai yA brahmAzrita ? 'brahma kI kalpanA' aisA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki brahma svayaM sarva vikalpoM se atIta = vinirmukta hai, kyoMki vaha zuddha vidyAsvabhAva hai| 'jIvoM kI kalpanA' brahma aura jIva meM bhedasthApaka hai aisA bhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMkikalpanA se jIva bhinna hotA hai kintu kalpanA ke pUrva to brahmAtirikta jIvabheda hai hI nahIM to kauna bhedasthApaka kalpanA karegA ? spaSTa hI yahA~ anyonyAzraya doSa sira uThAyegA - kalpanA se jIvabheda hotA hai aura brahma se jIva kA bheda hone para vaha kalpanA karatA hai / "* 'yattu kasyA'vidyeti ? jIvAnAmiti bUmaH' (brahmasiddhi pR0 10)

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286 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam dino'bhidadhati - "vastutve satyeSa doSaH syAt nA'siddhaM vastu vastavantarasiddhaye sAmarthyamAsAdayatIti, mAyAmAtre tu netaretarAzrayaprasaMgaH / na hi mAyAyAH kathaMcidanupapattiH - anupapadyamAnArthaiva hi mAyA loke prasiddhA upapadyamAnArthatve tu yathArthabhAvAt na mAyA"[ ] iti kecit / / anye tu varNayanti - anAditvAt mAyAyA jIvavibhAgasya ca bIjAMkurasantAnayoriva netaretarAzrayadoSaprasaktiratra / tathA cAhuH "anAdiprayojanA'vidyA, anAditvAditaretarAzrayadoSaparihAraH, niSprayojanatve na bhedaprapaJcasaMsargaprayojanaparyanuyogAvakAzaH" [ ] / ato'parairyat preryate - duHkharUpatvAnnAnukampayA pravRttiH avAptakAmatvAna krIDArthA ityetadapi parihatamavidyAtvena, yato nAsau prayojanamapekSya pravartate, nahi gandharvanagarAdivibhramAH samuddiSTaprayojanAnAM prAdurbhavanti / na ca bhavatu kalpanAto jIvavibhAgaH kintu te'pi tattvato brahmatattvAdavyatiriktatvAd / vizuddhasvabhAvA iti teSvapi nA'vidyAvakAzaM labhata iti vaktavyam, yato vizuddhasvabhAvAdapi bimbAt kalpanApradarzitaM kRpANAdiSu yat pratibimba tatra zyAmatAdirazuddhiravakAzaM labhate eva / atha - 'vibhramaH sa iti na doSaH' - asadetat jIvA to isake uttara meM brahmavAdI yaha kahate haiM- "yadi jIvabheda aura kalpanA ye vAstavika padArtha ho taba to aisA doSa kahanA ThIka hai, kintu yahA~ to jIvabheda evaM kalpanA vastu hI asiddha hai / asiddha vasturUpa jIvabheda yA kalpanA, pAramArthikavastusvarUpa kalpanA yA jIvabheda kI siddhi ke liye samartha hI nahIM hotI / kintu yaha saba jIvabheda yA kalpanA mAyA kA hI prapaMca hai isaliye anyonyAzraya doSa yahA~ dUSaNarUpa nahIM hai / jaba yaha mAyA kA prapaMca hai- aisA kaha diyA to aba kisI bhI prakAra kI asaMgati bhI nahIM hai, mAyA svayaM hI mUla meM asaMgata padArtha ke rUpa meM logoM meM prasiddha hai / yadi usakA koI yuktisaMgata svarUpa hotA taba to loga use brahma kI taraha yathArtha hI kyoM na mAna lete ? aura yathArtha hone para use 'mAyA' zabda se kauna sambodhita karatA ?" -- kucha brahmavAdiyoM kA yaha uttara hai| anAdi evaM niSprayojana avidyA* anya advaitavAdiyoM kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki mAyA (arthAt usase paidA hone vAlI kalpanA bhI) tathA jIvavibhAga ye donoM hI anAdikAlIna hai / jaise bIja se aMkUra aura aMkUra se bIja yaha paramparA anAdikAlIna hone se vahA~ anyonyAzraya doSarUpa nahIM hai vaise hI mAyA (athavA kalpanA) evaM jIvavibhAga bhI anAdi kAla se parasparAzrita hone meM koI doSa nahIM hai / kahA gayA hai ki 'avidyA anAdi hai, uparAMta usakI pravRtti prayojanAdhIna nahIM kintu svatantra hai / anAdi hone se anyonyAzraya doSa kA parihAra ho jAtA hai aura niSprayojana meM avidyA ke prayojana kI gaveSaNA kA prazna niravakAza ho jAtA hai / isaliye anya dArzanikoM ne jo ye doSa thope haiM'saMsAra duHkharUpa hai isaliye anukampA karuNA se du:khamaya saMsAra ke sarjana kI pravRtti ucita nahIM / tathA paramezvara to kRtakRtya hotA hai isaliye khela-khela meM jagat kA sarjana kare yaha bhI sambhava nahIM' - ye donoM doSa anAdiniSprayojana avidyAmUlaka prapaMcasRSTi ke mata meM nirasta ho jAte haiM / kucha prayojana rahe tabhI logoM ko gandharvanagara Adi kA vibhrama paidA ho aisA nahIM hai, vinA prayojana hI logoM ko apane nagara ke Urdhvagagana meM nayA eka gandharyoM kA nagara basa gayA ho aisA gandharvanagaravibhrama sabhI nagaravAsiyoM ko kabhI paidA ho jAtA hai / aise hI vinA prayojana hI avidyA kI anirvacanIya zakti se prapaJca kA vibhrama paidA ho sakatA hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 287 tmasvapyasya tulyatvAt - teSvapyazuddhirvibhrama eva anyathA teSvapi vizuddhirdurApaiva syAt / atha mukhAt kRpANAdInAma- rthAntaratve bhrAntihetutA yuktaiva atra punarbrahmavyatiriktasya nimittasyAbhAvAt kathaM vibhramo yukta ityetadapyanAlocitAbhidhAnam, anAditvena parihRtatvAt / anAditve'pi cocchedaH zakyata eva vidhAtum yathA bhUmerUSarasya / ___ atha tatra bhUvyatiriktena saMskArAntareNa svAbhAvikasyApi tasya nivRttiH, na tvekAtmavAdinAM tadvyatiriktaH Agantuko vilakSaNapratyayopanipAtaH sambhavati dvaitApatteH / nanvAtmana eva vidyAsvabhAvatvAt kathamanAdyavidyAvilakSaNapratyayopanipAto nAstIti ucyate - uktamatra tena tayAbhUtenAtmasvabhAvenAvidyAyAH virodhAbhAvAt virodhe vA nityamuktaM jagad bhavet / na hi nivarttakavirodhisamavadhAne virodhinaH kadAcidapi sambhavaH virodhAbhAvaprasaMgAt / na cAtmavyatirikta vidyAntaramAgantukamavidyAnivRttisAdhanam ekAtmavAdinastasyA'yogAt / taduktam - yadi yaha pUchA jAya- 'kalpanA se jIvavibhAga hotA hai yaha mAna liyA, kintu ye jIva bhI paramArtha se to brahmatattva se judA nahIM hai ata eva brahmAbhinna vizuddhasvabhAvAlaMkRta hI haiM to phira una meM avidyA ko Azrita batAnA kaise yukta kahA jAya'- to isakA yaha uttara hai ki bimba (mUla vastu) svayaM zuddhasvabhAvayukta hone para bhI jaba kalpanA ke sAmarthya se svaccha kRpANa-darpaNa Adi meM zuddha vastu mukhAdi ke pratibimba kA udaya hotA hai taba pratibimbAdhArabhUta kRpANAdi kI athavA kalpanA kI kAlimA usa mukhAdi ko prabhAvita kara detI hai isI taraha pratibimbita jIva meM bhI avidyA kI kAlImA kI azuddhi kA saMparka hone meM kucha bhI asaMgata nahIM hai| yadi kaheM ki- 'vaha to eka vibhrama hai, vAstava meM vahA~ mukhAdi ke Upara koI kAlimA kA saMparka hotA nahIM / '-to yaha vinA samajhe vidhAna hai cU~ki hama yahI kahate haiM ki jIvAtmAoM meM bhI azuddhi kA vibhrama hI hotA hai, vAstava meM jIvAtmAoM brahmAbhinna hone se vizuddha hI hai, yadi aisA nahIM mAne to bhAvi meM sAdhanA se bhI jIva ko vizuddhi kI avApti duSkara ho jaayegii| __yadi pUchA jAya- mukha aura pratibimbAdhAra kRpANAdi to pRthak pRthak haiM isaliye kisI taraha vahA~ kRpANa kI kAlimA kA pratibimbabhUta mukhAdi meM vibhrama ho jAnA yuktisaMgata hai, yahA~ prastuta meM bheda jaisI koI cIja hI nahIM hai, saba kucha brahma hI hai taba usake atirikta kisI bhinna nimitta ke abhAva meM, jIvAtmA meM azuddhi ke vibhrama kA honA kaise yukti saMgata mAnA jAya ? to isakA uttara pahale hI ho gayA hai, anAdikAlIna avidyA hai vaise hI yaha azuddhi kA vibhrama bhI anAdikAlIna hai, ata: kisI prazna ko avakAza nahIM hai| jaise bhUmi meM cirapUrvakAlIna USarAdi doSoM kA vinAza karake bhUmi ko upajAu banAyI jA sakatI hai aise hI anAdikAlIna avidyA evaM azuddhivibhrama kA bhI sAdhanA se uccheda kiyA jA sakatA hai / * dvaitApatti aura usakA nirAkaraNa __ AzaMkA :- bhUmi kA Upara doSa naSTa hone kI bAta ThIka hai kyoMki vahA~ bhUmi aura usake doSavinAza ke liye kiye jAne vAle saMskAra pRthak pRthak cIja hai, ataH saMskAra se svAbhAvika doSa nivRtta hote haiM / kintu advitIya eka brahmavAdI ke mata meM to brahma se atirikta saMskArasthAnIya koI vilakSaNa Agantuka nimitta

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam "svAbhAvikImavidyAM tu nocchettuM kazvidarhati / vilakSaNopapAte hi nazyet svAbhAvikaM kvacit // na tvekAtmanyupeyAnAM heturasti vilakSaNaH / [ ] parihRtametat jIvAnAmavidyAsambandhaH na parAtmanaH, asau sadA prabuddho nityaprakAzo nAgantukArthaH anyathA muktyavasthAyAmapi nAvidyAnivRttiH / yato'smin darzane brahmaiva saMsarati mucyate ca, atraikamuktau sarvamukti prasaMga: abhedAt paramAtmanaH, yatastasya bhedadarzanena saMsAraH abhedadarzanena ca muktiH ata ekasyaiva paramAtmanaH paramasvAsthyamApatitam / tasmAnna brahmaNaH saMsAraH / jIvAtmAna evADanAdyavidyAyoginaH saMsAriNaH kathaMcid vidyodaye vimucyante teSAM svAbhAvikA'vidyAkaluSIkRtAnAM vilakSaNapra 288 - kI upasthiti sambhava hI nahIM hai, kyoMki usa meM advaitabhaMga ho kara dvaita - prasakti kA bhaya hai / yadi pUchA jAya ki- sirpha AtmA hI vidyAsvabhAva hai, avidyAsvabhAva anya vastu kA niSedha nahIM hai, vidyAsvabhAva hI Atmabhinna vastu kA niSedha hai, ataH brahma se atirikta anAdi kAlIna avidyAmaya nimitta kI upasthiti kA kauna inakAra karatA hai ? - to isake uttara meM pahale hI yaha kaha Aye haiM ki aisI avidyA kA, vidyAsvabhAva brahma se koI virodha hI siddha nahIM hai to usakI nivRtti kaise saMgata hogI ? yadi virodha mAneMge to sArA jagat nityamukta hI mAnanA hogA, kyoMki nivRttikAraka virodhisvarUpa vidyAmaya nitya zAzvata brahma ke anAdi hote huye vidyAvirodhI avidyA ke udaya kI kataI sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahatI / yadi sambhAvanA mAneMge to virodha lupta ho jAyegA / aisA bhI nahIM mAna sakate ki- 'brahma se atirikta bhI koI vidyAmaya Agantuka A kara avidyA kA dhvaMsa kara degA- ' kyoMki ekAtmavAda mata meM brahma se pRthak kisI vidyAmaya Agantuka kI hastI hI nahIM hai / kahA bhI hai- avidyA yadi svAbhAvika hai to usakA (brahma kI taraha hI) uccheda karanA kisI ke liye sambhava nahIM hai / kadAcit usa ke virodhI ke Agamana se usa svAbhAvika kA bhI dhvaMsa hone kI sambhAvanA kare, kintu ekAtmavAdi ke mata meM avidyAdhvaMsAdi upeyoM ke liye koI brahmAtirikta upAya bhI nahIM hai / samAdhAna :- isa AzaMkA kA parihAra kucha loga aisA kaha kara karate haiM ki avidyA ko brahmasvarUpa parAtmA ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai kintu jIvAtmAoM ke sAtha hai / parAtmA to sadA ke liye pratibuddha arthAt sphurad jJAnamaya aura nityaprakAzI hai, Agantuka nahIM hai / yadi vaha Agantuka hotA to prakAzamaya na hone se, mukti-avasthA meM bhI usakI avidyA kA vilaya sambhava na hotA / tAtparya, jIva aura avidyA anAdikalpita hone se, jIva ko aupAdhika vidyodaya hone para avidyA kI nivRtti Adi kI bAteM asaMgata nahIM hai / isa brahmavAdI ke mata meM saMsAra aura mokSa brahma kA hotA nahIM hai, kintu yadi hone kA mAnA jAya to eka jIva kI mukti hone para sarva jIvoM kI mukti prasakta ho sakatI hai kyoMki ekajIvAbhedena brahma kI mukti hone para, brahma abhinna hone se sarvajIva mukta ho jAyeMge / vAstava meM jIvAtmA ko 'nAhaM brahma' ityAdi bhedadarzana ke kuprabhAva se saMsAra sRSTi hotI hai aura 'ahaM brahmAsmi' isa prakAra abhedadarzanarUpa vidyA kA udaya hone para mukti hotI hai- yaha saMsAra aura mukti yadi paramabrahma meM mAneMge to mahatI avyavasthA prasakta ho sakatI hai (eka kI mukti se sabhI kI mukti), ata: brahma ko saMsAra nahIM hotA yaha phalita hotA hai / jIvAtmAoM ko avazya anAdikAlIna avidyA ke samparka se saMsArasRSTi hotI hai, kintu jaba kabhI yathA tathA vidyA kA udaya ho jAtA hai ( 'ahaM brahmAsmi') mukti hotI hai / svAbhAvika anAdi avidyA ke kAraNa malinatAprApta jIvoM ko jaba avidyAvirodhi vilakSaNasvabhAvavAlI

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 289 tyayavidyodaye nA'vidyAnivRtteranupapattiH, yato na teSu svAbhAvikI vidyA avidyAvat, atastayA nivRttiH svAbhAvikyA apyavidyAyAH[ ] - ityevaM kecit / / anye tu brahma-jIvAtmanAmabhede'pi bimbapratibimbavat vidyA'vidyA vyavasthAM varNayanti / kathaM punaH saMsAriSu vidyAyA AgantukyAH sambhavaH zravaNa-manana-dhyAnAbhyAsa-tatsAdhanayama-niyama-brahmacaryAdisAdhanatvAt, tasya pUrvamasattvAdavidyAvat / sa ca zravaNa-mananapUrvaka-dhyAnAbhyAso'khilabhedapratiyogI suvyaktameva vede darzitaH - 'sa eSa neti na' [bRhadA0 3.9-26] ityAdinA, sapratiyogitvAd bhedaprapaJcaM nivarttayatA''tmanApi pralIyate / yataH zrotavyAdInAmabhAve na zravaNAdInAmupapattiH, sa tu tathAbhUto'bhyasyamAnaH svaviSayaM pravilApayannAtmopaghAtAya kalpate tadabhyAsasya parizuddhAtmaprakAzaphalatvAt / "yathA rajaHsampa kaluSe udake dravyavizeSacUrNarajaHprakSiptaM rajo'ntarANi saMharat svayamapi saMhriyamANaM svacchAM svavidyArUpa nimitta upasthita honA hai to avidyA nivRtta ho jAtI hai aisA mAnane meM koI asaMgati nahIM hai, kyoMki jIvoM meM brahma kI taraha vidyA svAbhAvika (aura anAdi) nahIM hotI jisa se ki anAdi se usake rahate hae avidyA ke samparka kI sambhAvanA samApta ho jAya / vaha to Agantuka hotI hai / tathA vaha avidyA kI virodhI hone ke kAraNa, usakA udaya hone para, svAbhAvika bhI avidyA kI nivRtti mAnane meM kucha bhI asaMgata nahIM hai / jaise pahale kahA hai ki bhUmi ke USarAdi svAbhAvika doSa bhI Agantuka saMskAra se vilIna ho jAte haiM / vidyA kA udbhava aura avidyA ke nAza kI prakriyA* anya vedAntI paMDitoM ne brahma aura jIvAtmA kA abheda hone para bhI, 'brahma athavA IzvarasvarUpa bimba' evaM 'jIvasvarUpa pratibimba' kI vyavasthA kI taraha hI vidyA aura usa se vinAzya avidyA kI vyavasthA kA bhI vividha prakAra se varNana kiyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki vidyA yAnI brahmasAkSAtkAra svarUpa AtmajJAnamaya anta:karaNavRtti bhI antata: avidyA kA hI pariNAma hai to avidyA meM aura vidyA meM kyA bheda hai - kaise vidyA se avidyA kA nAza hotA hai, vidyA kA prAdurbhAva kaise hotA hai aura usa kA bhI nAza kaise hotA hai ityAdi carcA bhI sadadvaitavAdiyoMne kI hai / yahA~ vidyA kaise utpanna hotI hai aura usa kA nAza kaise hotA hai isa bAta kA vyAkhyAkAra ne vedAntagranthoM ke AdhAra para saMkSepa se nidarzana kiyA hai - yadi yaha pUchA jAya ki saMsArI jIvoM ko Agantuka vidyA kA udaya kaise hotA hai to usa ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki yama-niyama aura brahmacaryapAlana se mana vizuddha hotA hai, vizuddha mana se zravaNa kiyA jAtA hai, sarva vedAntazAstroM kA 'ekameva advitIya brahma' kI hastI meM tAtparyAvadhAraNa karanA - yaha zravaNa hai / zravaNa ke bAda manana hotA hai, zAstroM ko advitIya brahma meM tAtparyAvadhAraNa hone para anya pramANoM ke virodha kI zaMkA-kuzaMkAoM kA tarkoM se nirAkaraNa karanA yaha manana hai / zravaNa aura manana kI sahAyatA se advitIya brahma ke sAkSAtkAra ke liye dhyAnAbhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai aura isa dhyAnAbhyAsa se sAkSAtkArasvarUpa vidyA kA udaya hotA hai jo avidyA kI taraha anAdi na hone se pUrvakAla meM nahIM huA thA / yaha zravaNa-mananapUrvaka udita hone vAlA dhyAnAbhyAsa veda meM 'sa eva neti na'...[bRhadA0 3-9-26] ityAdi vAkyoM se - 'vaha AtmA yaha indriyAdirUpa nahIM hai...' ityAdirUpa meM spaSTarUpa se sakala padArthoM ke bheda ke pratiyogIrUpa meM AtmaprakAzaka dikhAyA gayA hai / vaha dhyAnAbhyAsa bhI bhedapratiyogivarga meM antarbhUta hai isaliye, *. 'vidyAvyavasthA' iti limbaDI-Adarza pAThaH /

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290 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rUpAvasthAmupanayati" [brahmasiddhi-pR.12] evaM zravaNAdibhirbhedatiraskAravizeSAt svagate'pi bhede samucchinne svarUpe saMsAryavatiSThate yato'vidyayaiva paramAtmanaH saMsAryAtmA bhidyate tanivRttau kathaM na paramAtmasvarUpatA 'yathA ghaTAdibhede vyomnaH paramAkAzataiva bhavatyavacchedakavyAvRttau ? tatraitat syAt - zravaNAdirbhedaviSayatvAdavidyAsvabhAvaH kathaM vA avidyaiva avidyAM nivarttayati ? uktamatra yathA rajasA rajasaH prazamaH evaM bhedAtItabrahmazravaNa-manana-dhyAnAbhyAsAnAM bhedadarzanavirodhitvAdavidyAyA apyavidyAnivarttakatvam / tathA ca tattvavidbhiratrArthe nidarzanAnyuktAni - "yathA payaH payo jarayati svayaM ca jIryati, yathA viSaM viSAntaraM zamayati svayaM ca zAmyati" [brahmasiddhi - pR0 12] evaM zravaNAdiSu draSTavyam / syAdetat-abhedasya tAttvikatve bhedasyA'satyatA, asatyarUpazca bhAvaH kathaM satyaprAptisAdhanam ? svajanyasAkSAtkAra ke dvArA sakala bhedaprapaMca ko nivRtta karatA huA, svayaM bhI nivRtta hotA hai| aisA isaliye hai ki dhyAnAbhyAsa se jaba zrotavya-mantavyabhUta padArthoM ke na hone para to zravaNAdi bhI nirarthaka hone se udita nahIM hote, zravaNa-mananapUrvaka dhyAna kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai taba apane viSayabhUta prapaMca kI nivRtti karatA tadantargata apanA bhI upaghAta kara detA hai kyoMki AtmadhyAna ke abhyAsa se parizuddha AtmaprakAza kA hI udaya ho jAtA hai / isa ko samajhane ke liye yaha udAharaNa hai - katakavRkSa ke phala kA cUrNa-raja phiTakarI dhulikaNamalina jala meM DAlane para malIna rajaHkaNoM ko nIce biThAtA hai aura svayaM bhI nIce baiTha kara jala meM svaccha evaM zuddha svarUpa kA AdhAna karatA hai / isI taraha jaba zravaNAdi se bhedadarzana niruddha ho jAtA hai taba jIvagata bheda kA bhI uccheda ho kara jIvAtmA apane vizuddha paramAtmasvarUpa meM avasthita ho jAtA hai, avidyA ke prabhAva se hI jIvAtmA aura paramAtmA ke bIca bheda huA thA, avidyA kI nivRtti ho jAne se jIva paramAtmasvarUpa ko prApta kara letA hai| udAharaNa- ghaTAkAza aura paramAkAza ke bIca avacchedaka upAdhisvarUpa ghaTAdi se hI bheda khaDA hotA hai, avacchedaka upAdhisvarUpa ghaTAdi kI nivRtti (vinAza) ho jAne para vaha ghaTAza aura paramAkAza eka ho jAte haiN| yadi mana meM aisI AzaMkA ho- zravaNAdi bhI Akhira to bhedAntargata hone se avidyAsvarUpa hI hai to avidyA se hI avidyA kI nivRtti kaise ho sakatI hai| isa ke samAdhAna meM kahA gayA hai- jaise ukta raja:cUrNa se hI malIna rajaHkaNoM kA upazamana kiyA jAtA hai isI prakAra bheda se alipta bahmatattva kA zravaNa-manana evaM dhyAnAbhyAsa bhedadarzana ke virodhI hone se avidyArUpa hote huye bhI avidyA ke nivarttaka ho sakate haiM / jaise ki isI ta ya ko ujAgara karane ke liye tattvavidoM ne aise udAharaNa 'brahmasiddhi' Adi meM kahe haiM- "dagdhapAna pahale pIye hue dugdha ko pacAtA huA svayaM bhI paca jAtA hai, viSa ko mArane ke liye diyA gayA anya viSasvarUpa auSadha pUrva viSa ko mAratA huA svayaM bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai / " isI taraha zravaNAdi bhI antata: nivRtta ho jAte haiM yaha samajha lenaa| asatya ke dvArA satya kI prApti kaise ? AzaMkA : jaba abheda hI tAttvika hai aura bheda asatya hai to prazna hai ki asatya padArtharUpa bheda-zravaNAdi * 'ghaTAdiSu pralIneSu ghaTAkAzAdayo yathA / AkAze sampralIyante tadvajjIvA ihAtmani / / iti gauDapAdakArikA caturthI- advaitAkhyaprakaraNe /

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291 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 yathA bASpAdibhAvena sandihyamAnAt 'dhUmaH' iti gRhItAd na tAttvikI dahanapratipattiH / ___atrA'bhidadhati - nAyaM niyamaH 'asatyaM na kiJcit satyaM kAryaM janayati', yathA mAyAkArapradarzitA mAyA pratIterbhayasya ca nimittaM tathA rekhAkAdInAm / tana(trai)tadbhavet rekhAkAdi svarUpeNa sad na khapuSpasadRzam, abhedavAdinastu bhedasya khapuSpatulyatvAt kathaM satyopAyatA ? naiSa doSaH, santu svarUpeNa rekhAkAdayaH, yena tu rUpeNa gamakAstadasatyam / tathAhi - kAdirUpeNa te gamakAH tacca teSAmasatyamkAryopayogarahitA tu svarUpasatyatA vyarthA / kiMca, abhedadRSTayupAyo'pi na svarUpeNA'san yato brahmaivAsya rUpam tatra brahmaivAvidyAnubaddhaM svAtmapratipattyupAyaH yathA rekhAkAdayaH 'kakAro'yam gavayo- 'yam' ityavidyArUpeNaiva kAdInAM gamakAH / yepyAhuH - na rekhAkAdayaH kAditvena kAdInAM gamakAH / evaM rekhAgavayAdayo'pi na gavayatvena satyagavayAdInAm, api tu sArUpyAt, evaMrUpA gavayAdayaH satyAH; varNapratipattyupAyA api rekhAkAdayaH puruSasamayAt varNAnAM smArakA; na tu teSAM varNatvena varNapratipAdakatvam, rekhAdirUpeNa ca sattvAd gRhItase satyaprApti kaise ho sakatI hai ? dUra se bASpasamUha ko dhUma samajha kara, usa saMdehAspada dhUma se tAttvika agni kA bodha kabhI nahIM dekhA jaataa| samAdhAna : - prazna kA uttara yaha hai ki, aisA koI niyama nahIM hai ki 'asatya kabhI satya kArya ko utpanna nahIM kara sakatA' / dekhiye - mAyAvI puruSa jo mAyA - indrajAla dikhAtA hai vahA~ asatya mAyA se dekhanevAle ko pratIti kA evaM kadAcit bhaya kA janma hotA hai, tathA viziSTa AkAravAlI rekhAe~ jo satyavarNarUpa nahIM haiM una se satya ka-kha Adi vargoM kA bhAna hotA hI hai / AzaMkA :- rekhAMkita ka-kha Adi dhvanirUpa se sat na hone para bhI apane rekhAmayasvarUpa se lo sat hI hote haiM, jaba ki abheSvAdimata meM bheda to sarvathA gaganakusumavat asatya hai to usa se satya kArya (vidyA) kA janma kaise hogA? samAdhAna :- yahA~ kucha bhI doSa nahIM hai, rekhAmayasvarUpa se ka-kha Adi satya hone para jisa dhvanirUpa se ve ka-kha Adi kA satya bodha karavAte haiM vaha rUpa to asat hI hotA hai / suniye :- ka-kha Adi dhvani rUpa se ve rekhAmaya AkRtiyA~ ka-kha Adi vargoM ko bodhita karatI haiM, kintu vaha rUpa asat hai, apane rekhAmayarUpa se vaha satya hai kintu yahA~ usa rUpa se bodhakAryopayogitA na hone se vaha svarUpasatyatA nirarthaka hai| uparAMta, 'abheda darzana kA upAya apane svarUpa se sarvathA asat hai' aisA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki brahma hI usakA apanA rUpa hai, ata: avidyA meM anupraviSTa brahma hI apane tattva ke darzana kA upAya hai jo sat hI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa rUpa se upAya meM bodhakatA hai vaha rUpa asat hone para bhI vaha upAya sarvathA asat nahIM hotA, isaliye asatya se satya kArya niSpatti ko mAnane meM koI doSa nahIM hai / rekhAmaya ka-kha Adi tathA rekhAcitramaya gavaya Adi bhI ukta rIti se asat avidyAmaya rUpa se 'yaha kakAra hai- yaha gavaya hai' isa prakAra se kakArAdi ke bodhaka hote haiM / _ *bodhakatA ke badale smArakatA, zaMkA-samAdhAna jina logoM kA yaha kahanA hai- 'rekhAmaya ka-kha Adi katva-khatvAdi rUpa se ka-kha Adi ke bodhaka nahIM hote / tathA rekhAcitra gavayAdi bhI gavayatvarUpa se satvagavayAdi kA bodhaka nahIM hotA, kintu samAnarUpatA

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292 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam samayAnAM punarupalabhyamAnAH samayaM smArayanti samayagrahaNAthaiva vyutpannAnAM bAlAdiSu pravRttiH - te'pi na samyagAcakSate, lokavirodhAt bAlA hi rekhAsu vyutpannairvarNatvenaiva vyutpAdyante, tathaivopadeSTavyapadezaH 'ayaM gakArAdiH' iti pratipattuzca pratipattirabhedenaiva, evaM rekhAgavayAdiSvapi draSTavyam / tathA(yathA)'satyAt 'pratibimbAt satyasya pratibimbahetorviziSTadezAvasthasyAnumAnaM na mithyA tathA zabdAdapi nityAdasatyadIryAdiviziSTAdarthavizeSapratipattirnAsatyA / alIkA ahidaMzAdayaH satyasmaraNahetavastattvavidbhirudAhRtA eva, yathA satyAd daMzAd maraNa-mUrchAdi kArya tathA kalpitAdapi, na tayorvizeSaH / tasmAd yathA daMzAderasatyAt satyakAryaniSpattistathA bhedaviSayAt zravaNa-manana-dhyAnA'bhyAsAderasatyAdapi kSemaprAptiH / nanvevamabhede vyavasthite kathaM sukha-duHkhopalambhavyavasthA kathaM vA baddha-muktavyavastheti ? naiSa doSaH, samAropitAdapi bhedAt sukhAdervyavasthAdarzanAt - yathA - dvaitinAM zarIre eka evAtmA sarvagato vA zarIraparimANo vA, tasya samAropitabhedanimittA vyavasthA dRzyate 'pAde me vedanA - zirasi vedanA' iti / ke AdhAra para aisI AkRti vAle satya gavayAdi kA smAraka hotA hai / tathA dhvanimaya vargoM kA bodhaka rekhAmaya ka-kha Adi bhI varNatva rUpa se varNapratipAdaka nahIM hote kintu puruSakRta saMketoM ke anusAra vargoM ke smAraka hote haiM / rekhAmaya ka-kha Adi rekhAmayarUpa se satya hone se jaba saMketajJoM ko cAkSuSa hote haiM taba satya vargoM meM una ke saMketa kA smaraNa karavAte haiN| saMketa jAnanevAle vyutpanna logoM kI bAlAdi vidyArthIyoM ko saMketa paDhAne ke liye hI pravRtti hotI hai'' - yaha vidhAna yathArtha nahIM hai kyoMki yaha vidhAna lokaviruddha hai / kAraNa, vyutpanna paMDita bAlAdi vidyArthIyoM ko isa taraha saMketa nahIM paDhAte ki yaha rekhAmaya ka-kha Adi 'dhvanisvarUpa ka-kha Adi' vargoM ke bodhaka haiM- kintu isa taraha paDhAte haiM ki jo aisI rekhAmaya AkRti hai vaha 'ka varNa' hai 'kha varNa' hai.. ityAdi / upadezakoM kA upadeza bhI aisA hI hotA hai ki yaha (kAgaja Adi para likhA huA) gakArAdi varNa hai / adhyetA yA zrotA ko bhI aisA hI abhedAvagAhI bodha hotA hai ki 'ye (kAgaja para likhe hue) gakArAdi varNa haiM / isI taraha rekhAcitramaya gavayAdi ke liye bhI samajha lIjiye / aura bhI dRSTAnta haiM- asatya pratibimbamaya mukhAdi se, usa pratibimba ke hetubhUta satya mukhAdi kI, viziSTa skandhAdi deza meM avasthiti kA anumAna hotA hai jo mithyA nahIM hotA / isI taraha, asatya dIrgha IkAra, UkAra Adi se viziSTa 'kavI' athavA 'gurU' Adi nitya zabdoM se bhI kavitAsarjaka, mArgadarzaka Adi viziSTa satya arthoM kA bodha kisa ko nahIM hotA ? yahA~ kavi-guru zabdoM meM i-u hrasva hone cAhiye kintu vaktA yA lekhaka ne dIrgha kA prayoga kiyA ho taba bhI satya arthabodha hotA hI hai / rAtri ke tamas meM macchara ke kATane para bhI kisI ko sarpa kATane kA tIvra vibhrama ho jAtA hai to vahA~ sarpadaMza mithyA hone para bhI sacce hI mauta ke Amantraka ho jAtA hai - yaha tathya tattvajJoM ne bhI ujAgara kiyA hai| spaSTa hai ki jaise sacce sarpadaMza se maraNa yA behozI Adi satya kArya hote haiM vaise hI kalpita sarpadaMza se bhI hotA hai, una meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hotaa| niSkarSa : asatya sarpadaMzAdi se jaise satyakArya kA janma hotA hai vaise hI bhedAvalambi ata eva asatya avidyAmaya zravaNa - manana - dhyAnAbhyAsa se bhI kSema-kuzala prApta hotA hai, isa meM kucha bhI anucita nahIM hai / * pUrvamudrite 'NAda yathaiva' iti pAThaH, atra tu limbaDI-AdarzAnusAreNa samyakapAThaH / - cihadvayamadhyavartI pAThaH pUrvamudrite koThake samupanyastaH, limbaDIAdarzAnusAreNa tu taM tathaivopalabhyAsmAbhirvinaiva kopTakamupanyastaH |-sN.

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 3 na ca vaktavyam - 'pAdAdInAmeva vedanAdhikaraNatvAt teSAM ca bhedAd vyavasthA yukteti' - yatasteSAmajJatvena kathaM bhoktR- tvam ? bhoktRtve vA suragurumatAnupravezaH AtmanaH sadbhAve'pi karmaphalasya sukhAderanupalambhAt / tatraitat syAt - advaitapakSe yathaikabhedAzritasyAtmanaH kAlAntare bhogAnusandhAnam tathA dehAntaropabhogasya bhedAntare'nusandhAnaM bhavet - etadapi na kiMcit, yato dvaitinAmapi pAdAdipradezo na pradezAntaravedanAmasaMdadhAti tathA kSetrajJo'pi kutazcinimittAt samAropitabhedo na kSetrajJAntaravedanAmanusaMdhAsyati / tathA, maNi - kRpANa - darpaNAdiSu pratibimbAnAM varNasaMsthAnAnyatvaM dRzyate bhedA'bhAve'pi ( evaM) mukta - saMsArivya sukha - dukhAnubhUti, bandha - mokSavyavasthA kaise ? prazna : jaba Apa ke matAnusAra abheda hI tAttvika hai to bheda ke viraha meM bhinna bhinna sukha-dukha anubhUti kaise ho pAyegI ? evaM bandha - mokSa kI vyavasthA kaise hogI ? uttara : koI doSa nahIM hai, tAttvika bheda ke viraha meM bhI Aropita bheda se bhI sukha - dukhAdi anubhUtiyoM kI evaM bandha - mokSa kI vyavasthA dekha sakate haiM / jaise dvaita - vAdiyoM ke mata meM eka zarIra meM zarIraparimANavAlA athavA vyApaka parimANavAlA eka hI AtmA nivAsa karatA hai, tathApi 'merA paira duHkhatA hai' sira meM darda hotA hai' isa prakAra eka hI AtmA meM sira paira ke bheda se bheda kA AropaNa kara ke duHkhAnubhUti kI vyavasthA dikhatI hai / zaMkA : vahA~ vedanA adhikaraNa pAda - sira hI hai aura ve to eka-dUsare se bhinna hI haiM, AtmA meM bhedAropa kyoM kareM ? uttara : are ! pAda- sira to jaDa hai ve kahA~ bhoktA hai jisa se ki unheM hI vedanAzraya mAnA jAya ? hA~, yadi Apa ko nAstika bRhaspatimata meM pravrajita honA hai taba zarIrAvayava ko bhI bhoktA mAniye / Apa to zarIra bhitra AtmavAdI ho kara bhI yadi paira - sira ko bhoktA mAneMge to AtmA vidyamAna rahane para bhI usa ko usa ke sukRtAdi karmoM se sukhAdi phala anupalabdha rahegA yaha vipadA AyegI / yadi mana meM kucha aisA socate ho ki - 'jaise advaita -abhedavAda meM eka hI vizeSAzrita arthAt sadaiva ekasvarUpa AtmA kAlabheda ke Aropa se eka kAla meM karma upArjana karatA hai kintu usa kA phalabhoga anyakAla meM karatA hai samAnakAla meM nahIM, to aise samAnakAla meM eka deha se kiye hue karmoM kA phalabhoga anya dehadhArI ke deha se hone kA mAnA jA sakatA hai, vahA~ kAlabheda se Aropita bheda hai to yahA~ zarIrabheda se' to yaha socanA mahattvazUnya hai kyoMki dvaitavAda meM bhI itanA to niyata tathya hai ki AtmA eka hone para evaM bhedAropaNa kara ke bhI paira Adi avayava se kabhI bhI hastAdigata vedanA kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai, arthAt dRSTAnusAra bhedAropaNa kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai to aise hI advaitavAda meM eka AtmA meM kaise bhI nimitta se bhedAropaNa kiyA jAya kintu eka jIva anya dehadhArI kI vedanA kA anubhava kabhI nahIM karegA / tathA, mukhAdi ekarUpa hone para bhI vibhinna maNi, khaDga yA darpaNa meM usa ke pratibimboM meM bhinna varNa bhinna AkRti Adi kA upalambha hotA hai, hAlA~ ki vAstava mukha meM to vaise koI bheda nahIM hai, to aise hI advaitavAda meM brahmAtmA eka hone para bhI avidyArUpa upAdhi kI mahimA se, kabhI baddha kabhI mukta isa prakAra vyavahAraviSaya ho sakatA hai / dekho dvaitavAda meM bhI eka zarIra meM eka AtmA hotA hai kintu kalpita - Jain Educationa International 293 - For Personal and Private Use Only -

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294 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vahAro'pyupapadyate'bhedapakSe'pi / tathApi - dvaitinAmapyAtmA kalpitaiH pradezaiH sukhAdibhiyujyamAnaH kvacit sukhAdiyogAd bandhaH(ddhaH) kvacit tadviyogAd mukta iti dRzyate, yathA malImasAdarza mukhaM malImasam vizuddhe vizuddham daparNarahitaM ca gamyamAnaM tadupAdhidoSA'saMyuktam / tatraitat syAt - kalpanA pratipattuH pratyayasya dharme na vastuvyavahAravyavasthAnibandhanam, na khalu vastUni puruSecchAmanurundhate, na copacaritAt kArya dRzyate, nopacaritAgnitvo mANavakaH pAkAdiSva(pU)payujyate / etat parihRtaM bhrAntInAmapi satyahetutvaM pradarzayadbhiH - 'pratisUryazca kAlpanikaH prakAzakriyAM kurvan dRSTa evaM" [ ] iti 'sarvamekam sadavizeSAt' iti zuddhadravyAstikAbhiprAyaH / [ azuddhadravyAstika-sAMkhyadarzana-vyavahArAlambI nayaH / azuddhastu dravyArthiko vyavahAranayamatAvalambI ekAntanityacetanA'cetanavastudvayapratipAdakasAGkhyadarzanAzritaH / ata eva tanmatAnusAriNaH sAGkhyAH prAhuH / / _ 'azeSazaktipracitAt pradhAnAdeva kevalAt / kAryabhedAH pravarttante tadrUpA eva bhAvataH // ' [ta. saM. kA.7] yad azeSAbhirmahadAdikAryagrAmajanikAbhirAtmabhUtAbhiH zaktibhiH pracitaM yuktaM sattva-rajas-tamasAM sAmyA- vasthAlakSaNaM pradhAnam tata eva mahadAdayaH kAryabhedAH pravarttanta iti kApilAH / 'pradhAnAdeva' pradezabheda se usa meM sukha athavA sukhAbhAvAdi kA yoga dikhatA hai ata: kabhI sukhAdijanaka karmoM ke yoga se baddha mAnA jAtA hai aura una karmoM ke viyoga meM vaha mukta samajhA jAtA hai / udA0 malIna darpaNa meM mukha bhI vizuddha dikhatA hai aura jaba darpaNa hI nahIM hotA taba darpaNarUpa upAdhi se AsaMjita mala yA malAbhAva kucha bhI nahIM dikhtaa| yadi mana meM aisA soce ki -- 'kalpanA to jJAtA kA jJAnagata dharma hai / (arthAt koI koI jJAna kalpanAnuviddha hotA hai / ) usa ko kabhI satyavastuvyavahAra kI vyavasthA meM adhikAra nahIM hotA / vastusvarUpa kabhI puruSecchAdhIna nAdhIna nahIM hotA / eka vastu meM anya padArtha kA upacAra - Aropa kara dene mAtra se vaha eka vastu anyapadArthasAdhya kArya karane meM samartha nahIM ho jAtI / mANavaka meM bahuta gussA hone ke kAraNa yadi agni kA Aropa kara diyA jAya to bhI mANavaka kabhI pAkAdi kArya meM agnivat upayukta nahIM ho jAtA / ' - to isa vicAra kA nirAkaraNa, bhrAnti yAnI bhrAnta padArtha bhI satya hetu hotA hai yaha dikhAnevAloM ne isa taraha kiyA huA hai - 'mukhya sUrya kA gRha ke bhItara darpaNa meM jaba pratibimba hotA hai taba usa asatya pratisUrya se bhI gRha meM prakAzakriyA kA honA dikhatA hai / ' / vistRta carcA kA sAra yahI hai ki kahIM kucha bhI sat se adhika vizeSatA na hone se sArA vizva eka hai / - yaha zuddha dravyAstika naya kA abhiprAya-vivecana hai| vyavahAralambI azuddhadravyArthika naya azuddha dravyArthika naya saMgrahanaya se Age baDha kara vyavahAranaya saMmata artha kA hI samarthana karatA hai / ekAnta kuTastha nitya cetana-puruSa aura dUsarA nitya acetana (= prakRti = pradhAna) padArtha aise padArthayugala kA aMgIkAra * kAryANyeva bhidyante'nyonyaM vyAvarttante iti bhedA: = kAryabhedA:-kAryavizeSAH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 295 ityavadhAraNaM kAla-puruSAdivyavacchedArtham / 'kevalAt' iti vacanaM sezvarasAMkhyopakalpitezvaranirAkaraNArtham / 'pravartante' iti sAkSAt pAramparyeNotpadyanta ityarthaH / tathAhi teSAM prakiyA - pradhAnAd buddhiH prathamamutpadyate, buddhezvAhaMkAraH, ahaMkArAt paJca tanmAtrANi zabda-sparza-rUpa-rasa-gandhAtmakAni + indriyANi caikAdazotpadyante - paJca buddhIndriyANi zrotra-tvak-cakSurjihvAghrANalakSaNAni, paJca karmendriyANi vAkpANi-pAda-pAyu-upasthasaMjJakAni ekAdazaM manazceti; paJcabhyastanmAtrebhyaH paJcabhUtAni - zabdAd AkAzaH, sparzAd vAyuH, rUpAttejaH, rasAd ApaH, gandhAt pRthivIti / taduktamIzvarakRSNena [sAMkhyakArikA - 22] 'prakRtermahAMstato'haGkArastasmAd gaNazca ssoddshkH| tasmAdapi SoDazakAt paJcabhyaH paJca bhuutaani|| ___ atra ca 'mahAn' iti buddhayabhidhAnam buddhizca 'ghaTaH paTaH' ityadhyavasAyalakSaNA / ahaGkArastu 'ahaM subhagaH' 'ahaM darzanIyaH' ityAdyabhidhA(mA)nasvarUpaH / manastu saMkalpalakSaNam, tadyathA - kazcid baTuH zRNoti - 'grAmAntare bhojanamasti' iti - tatra tasya saMkalpa: syAt 'yAsyAmi' iti, "kiM tatra dadhi syAt, utasvid dugdham' ityevaM saMkalpavRtti mana iti / tadevaM buddhayahaMkAramanasAM parasparaM vizeSo'vagantavyaH / mahadAdayaH pradhAna-puruSau ceti paJcaviMzatireSAM tattvAni / yathoktam___ paJcaviMzatitattvajJo yatra tatrAzrame rataH / zikhI muNDI jaTI vA'pi mucyate nAtra saMzayaH // [ ] aura pratipAdana karane vAlA sAMkhyadarzana azuddha dravyArthika naya kA Azraya lekara hastI meM AyA hai / una matavAdiyoM ke anuyAyI sAMkhyoM (= vidvAnoM) kA vaktavya eka kArikA ke dvArA kahA gayA hai jisa kA arthavivaraNa isa prakAra hai - azeSa yAnI mahat-ahaMkAra Adi kArya samudAya kI janaka aura apane se abhinna aisI zaktiyoM se pracita yAnI yukta tathA sattvaguNa-rajoguNa-tamoguNa kI tripuTI kI sAmyAvasthA se garbhita jo pradhAna (= prakRti) tattva hai, sirpha usI se hI mahat (= buddhi) Adi kAryoM ke bheda-prabheda kA sRjana hotA hai - yaha kapilaRSisthApita sAMkhyadarzana kA matanirUpaNa hai / kArikA meM 'pradhAnAdeva' yAnI 'pradhAna se hI' aisA jo bhArapUrvaka kathana hai usa se kAla athavA puruSakAra kI kAryahetutA kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai / tathA 'kevalAt' isa kArikApaThita pada se IzvaravAdI sAMkhya dArzanikoM kI IzvarakalpanA kA nirasana kiyA hai / Izvara, kAla yA puruSa (= AtmA) sahakAra ke vinA ekamAtra prakRti se hI jagat kA sRjana hotA hai / mUla kArikA meM 'pravarttante' isa pada kA tAtparya hai sAkSAt yA paramparayA (ve kAryabheda) utpanna hote haiM / sAMkhyadarzana kI sRSTi prakriyA nirIzvara sAMkhyavAdiyoM ne isa prakAra sRSTiprakriyA jatAI hai - pradhAna ( = prakRti) tattva se prathama buddhi tattva utpanna hotA hai / buddhi se ahaMkAratattva utpanna hotA hai / ahaMkAra se SoDazaka kI utpatti hotI hai : SoDazaka meM pA~ca tanmAtrA (yAnI sUkSmabhUta) + 11 indriyA~ ina solaha tattvoM kA samAveza haiN| 'zabda-sparza - rUparasa- gandha' ye pA~ca tanmAtrA haiM / 11 indriyoM meM pA~ca jJAnendriya haiM zrotra - tvacA - netra - rasanA - ghrANa, pA~ca karmendriyA~ haiM - vAcA - hasta - pAda - pAyu (= gudA) - upastha (liMga) tathA gyArahavA~ mana hotA hai| pA~ca tanmAtrAoM se eka eka se eka eka pA~ca sthUla bhUta kI utpatti hotI hai - zabdatanmAtrA se AkAza kI, sparzata0 se vAyu kI rUpata0 se tejas kI, rasatanmAtrA se jala kI, gandhatanmAtrA se pRthvI kI /

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296 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ___ mahadAdayaca kAryabhedAH pradhAnAt pravarttamAnA na kAraNAtyantabhedino bhavanti bauddhAyabhimatA iva kAryabhedAH, kintu pradhAnarUpAtmAna eva, traiguNyAdinA prakRtyAtmakatvAt / tathAhi - yadAtmakaM kAraNam kAryamapi tadAtmakameva, yathA kRSNaistantubhirArabdhaH paTaH kRSNaH, zuklaiH zukla upalabhyate evaM pradhAnamapi triguNAtmakam / tathA buddhayahaMkAratanmAtrendriyabhUtAtmakaM vyaktamapi triguNAtmakamupalabhyate tasmAt tdruupm| kiMca, aviveke(?ki), tathAhi - 'ime sattvAdayaH' 'idaM ca mahadAdikaM vyaktam' iti pRthak na zakyate kartum; kintu ye guNAstad vyaktam yad vyaktaM te guNA iti| tathA, ubhayamapi viSayaH bhogysvbhaavtvaat| sAmAnyaM ca sarvapuruSANAM bhogyatvAt pnnystriivt| acetanAtmakaM ca sukh-duHkh-mohaa'vedktvaat| prasavadharmi ca, tathAhi - pradhAnaM buddhiM janayati, sA'pyahaMkAram, so'pi tanmAtrANi indriyANi caikAdaza, - tanmAtrANi mahAbhUtAni janayantIti, tasmAt vaiguNyAdirUpeNa tadrUpA eva kAryabhedAH pravarttante / yathoktam - [sAM. kA0 11] triguNamaviveki viSayaH sAmAnyamacetanaM prasavadharmi / vyaktaM tathA pradhAnaM tadviparItastathA ca pumAn // iti // IzvarakRSNa kI kArikA kA vizeSArtha IzvarakRSNa eka prAcIna 'sAMkhyakArikA' grantha ke praNetA haiM, unhoMne isa grantha kI 22vIM kArikA 'prakRtermahAn'.... meM yaha dikhAyA hai ki "prakRti se mahAn, usa se ahaMkAra, ahaMkAra se SoDazaka gaNa kI utpatti, tathA SoDazaka antargata pA~ca tanmAtrA se pA~ca bhUtoM kI utpatti hotI hai' / isa meM mahAn (= mahat) yaha buddhi kA hI nAmAntara hai| buddhi yAnI 'ghaTa'..... paTa' aisA adhyavasAya / ahaMkAratattva 'maiM (= ahaM) saubhAgyazAlI hU~' athavA 'maiM darzanIyarUpavAlA hU~ aise anubhava meM 'ahaM' isa prakAra abhimAna se abhihita = ullikhita hotA hai| saMkalpa yaha mana kA pramukha lakSaNa hai - udA0 kisI bacce ne yaha sunA 'anya gA~va meM jimaNavAra hai to yaha suna kara usa bacce ko aisA saMkalpa sahaja ho uThatA hai ki 'maiM bhI vahA~ jAU~gA', 'vahA~ dahI milegA yA dugdha' isa prakAra mana ke saMkalpoM kI pravRtti hotI hai| buddhi-ahaMkAra aura mana ina tInoM meM upari sataha se to jJAnasvarUpa aikya hI dikhatA hai kintu ukta ullekhoM ke anusAra una meM jo bheda hai vaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai / mahat Adi 23 tattvoM meM pradhAna aura puruSa tattva ko milAne se 25 tattva ho gye| kahA hai - "ina 25 tattvoM kA jJAtA cAhe brahmacaryAdi kisI bhI Azrama meM rahA ho, cAhe zikhA dhAraNa kare yA muNDana kare athavA jaTA dhAraNa kare, ni:saMzaya vaha mukta hotA hai|" *kAryabheda kAraNa se atyanta bhinna nahIM hai* aba yahA~ IzvarakRSNa kI 11vIM kArikA ke AdhAra para pradhAna aura mahat Adi tattvoM meM abhinnatA kA sthApana karane ke liye sAmya dikhAte haiM - ye jo pradhAna tattva se sAkSAt athavA paramparA se utpanna hone vAlA mahat Adi kAryavarga hai vaha apane apane kAraNoM se sarvathA bhinna, jaise ki bauddhamata meM pUrvApara kSaNoM meM kAraNa-kArya bhinna hote haiM, vaisA nahIM hotA / bauddhavAdI asatkAryavAdI hai, jaba ki sAMkhyavAdI satkAryavAdI hai| sAMkhyamata meM ve saba kAryabheda pradhAnatattva se tAdAtmya rakhane vAle hI hote haiN| kAraNa, prakRti triguNamaya hai to usa kI taraha ve mahat Adi bhI sattva-rajas-tamas triguNamaya hone se prakRttisvabhAva hI hote haiM / dekhiye - yaha niyama hai ki kAraNa jisa svarUpa kA hotA hai, kArya bhI tatvasvarUpAtmaka hI hotA hai| udA0 zyAmatantuoM se niSpanna

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 atha yadi tadrUpA eva kAryabhedAH kathaM zAstre vyaktAvyaktayorvailakSaNyopavarNanam [sAMkhyakArikA] - ' hetumadanityamavyApi satkriyamanekamAzritaM liMgam / sAvayavaM paratantraM vyaktaM viparItamavyaktam // ' [10] iti kriyamANaM zobhate ? atra hyayamarthaH hetumat = kAraNavat vyaktameva / tathAhi - pradhAnena hetumatI buddhi:, ahaMkAro buddhyA hetumAn, paJca tanmAtrANi ekAdaza cendriyANi hetumanti ahaMkAreNa, bhUtAni tanmAtraiH / na tvevamavyaktam / pradhAnapuruSau divi bhuvi cAntarikSe ca sarvatra vyAptitayA yathA vartte (te) na tathA vyaktaM varttata iti tadavyApi / yathA ca saMsArakAle trayodazavidhena buddhayahaMkArendriyalakSaNena karaNena saMyuktaM sUkSmazarIrAzritaM vyaktaM saMsAri na tvevamavyaktam tasya vibhutvena sakriyatvA'yogAt / - vastra zyAma, zvetatantuoM se niSpanna vastra zveta hotA hai - isI taraha pradhAna triguNAtmaka hai isa liye kAryabheda bhI sattvarajastamas guNavAle hote haiM / buddhi - ahaMkAra tanmAtrA indriya- paMcabhUta ye jo sAMkhyamata meM vyakta kahe jAte haiM, ve saba triguNAtmaka hI upalabdha hote haiM isa liye pradhAnatattva se abhinnasvarUpa hI haiN| 297 dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vyakta aura avyakta yAnI mahat Adi tattva evaM pradhAna eka-dUsare se vivikta yAnI pRthakU nahIM hote kintu anyonya sadaiva mile hue rahate haiM / tAtparya 'ye sattvAdiguNa ( athavA tanmaya pradhAna ) ' aura 'yaha mahat Adi tattva' isa prakAra alagatA ko nahIM dekha sakate, kintu jo vyakta hai vaha guNarUpa se aura guNAtmaka hai vahI vyaktarUpa se sarvatra upalabdha haiN| [ aviveki kA aura bhI eka artha hai ki vyakta yA avyakta koI bhI apane kArya ke liye ekAkI sakSama hai kintu anyonya mila kara hI apane kArya meM samartha hote haiM / ] tathA vyakta-avyakta ye donoM bhogyasvabhAva hone se viSaya kaheM jAte haiM / [ aisA bhI sAM0ta0 kau0 meM kahA viSaya yAnI vijJAna se atirikta bAhyArthAtmaka grAhyasvarUpa haiN|] ye donoM bhogya athavA grAhyarUpa hai isIliye sarva (sAMkhyAbhimata) puruSoM ke liye bhogya vezyA kI taraha sAdhAraNa haiN| tathA ye donoM acetana haiM kyoMki sukha-duHkha athavA moha kA anubhava - saMvedana unameM nahIM hotA / [ yadyapi ye tInoM guNa vyakta-avyakta ubhayAzrita hai kintu unakA saMvedana una meM nahIM hotA yaha tAtparya hai / ] tathA, ye donoM prasavadharmI haiM / tAtparya, pradhAna buddhi ko janma detA hai, buddhi ahaMkAra ko, ahaMkAra tanmAtrAoM aura 11 indriyoM ko tathA tanmAtrAe~ mahAbhUtoM ko janma detI haiN| vyakta isa prakAra traiguNya, aviveki, viSaya, sAmAnya, acetana aura prasavadharmitA ke AdhAra para mahat Adi kAryabheda pradhAnAtmaka hone kI siddhi hotI hai| zrI IzvarakRSNa ne vyakta aura avyakta ukta rIti se abhedApAdana ke liye sAmya kA aura puruSa se bhedApAdana ke liye vaiSamya kA nirdeza 11vIM kArikA meM kiyA hai aura pradhAna ye donoM triguNamaya, aviveka, viSaya, sAmAnya, acetana aura prasavadharmI hai / puruSa ina se viparIta yAnI triguNazUnya, viveka, aviSaya, asAdhAraNa, cetana evaM aprasavadharmI hai| (sAMkhyakArikA - 11) vyakta aura avyakta meM vilakSaNatA Jain Educationa International prazna : kAryabheda yadi prakRti se tAdAtmyabhAvApanna haiM to sAMkhyakArikAzAstra meM vyakta aura avyakta meM .' kArikA 10 se vibhinnatA kA pratipAdana kaise zobhAspada hogA ? ' hetumada 0 For Personal and Private Use Only

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298 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam buddhayahaMkArAdibhedena cAnekavidhaM vyaktamupalabhyate nA'vyaktam, tasyaikasyaiva satastrilokIkAraNatvAt / AzritaM ca vyaktam - yad yasmAdutpadyate tasya tadAzritatvAt, na tvevamavyaktam akAryatvAt tasya / 'layaM gacchati' iti kRtvA liMgaM ca vyaktam, tathAhi - pralayakAle bhUtAni tanmAtreSu lIyante, tanmAtrANi indriyANi cAhaMkAre, so'pi buddhau, sApi pradhAne, na tvevamavyaktam kvacidapi layaM gacchatIti / lInaM vA avyaktalakSaNamartha gamayati vyaktaM kAryatvAlliMgam, na tvevamavyaktam akAryatvAt tasya / sAvayavaM ca vyaktam zabda-sparza-rUpa-rasa-gandhAtmakairavayavairyuktatvAt, na tvevamavyaktam tatra zabdAdInAmanupalabdheH / api ca, yathA pitari jIvati putro na svatantro bhavati tathA vyaktaM sarvadA kAraNAyattatvAt paratantram, naivamavyaktam akAraNAdhInatvAt sarvadA tasyeti / na, paramArthatastAdrapye'pi prakRtivikArabhedena tayorbhedA'virodhAt / tathAhi, svabhAvatasvaiguNyarUpeNa prakRtirUpA eva pravartante vikArAH sattvaraja-tamasAM tta(tU)tkaTA'nutkaTavizeSAt sargavaicitryaM mahadAdibhedena na virotsyata iti kAraNAtmani kAryamastIti pratijJAtaM bhavati / nanvevaM kuto jJAyate prAgutpatteH sat kAryamiti ? hetukadambakasadbhAvAt / tatsadbhAvazca - 'asadakaraNAdupAdAnagrahaNAt sarvasambhavAbhAvAt / zaktasya zakyakaraNAt kAraNabhAvAcca sat kAryam' // [sAMkhyakArikA-9] iti IzvarakRSNena pratipAditaH / bhedapratipAdaka hetumada0 kArikA kA bhAvArtha isa prakAra hai - vyakta hetumat hai, anitya, avyApaka, sakriya, aneka, Azrita, liMga, sAvayava aura paratantra hai jaba ki avyakta isa se viparIta hai / hetumat yAnI sakAraNa, buddhi pradhAna se kAraNazAlinI hai (arthAt pradhAna buddhi kA kAraNa hai / ) ahaMkAra buddhi se kAraNazAlI hai| pA~ca tanmAtrAe~ aura 11 indriyA~ ahaMkAra se kAraNazAlI haiM, aura tanmAtrA paMca bhUta ke kAraNa haiN| avyakta kI kisI se bhI utpatti nahIM hotI ata: vaha niSkAraNa hai| tathA, vyakta tattva utpattidharmi hone se anitya yAnI vinAzI (= tirobhAvi) hotA hai, avyakta utpattidharmi nahIM hone se avinAzI hai / puruSa evaM pradhAna tattva svarga - pAtAla evaM aMtarikSa meM sarvatra phaila kara rahe hue haiM ata: vyApaka hai kintu vyakta vaisA nahIM hai ata: avyApaka hai| tathA, saMsArakAla meM buddhi-ahaMkAra-indriyA~ ina 13 tattvoM se mila kara bane hue sUkSmazarIra kA Alambana lekara vyakta tattva saMcaraNazIla hotA hai - sakriya hotA hai, kintu avyakta to vyApaka hone se asaMcAri = akriya hotA hai| vyakta tattva buddhi-ahaMkAra ityAdi aneka bhedarUpa hone se anekavidha hotA hai, avyakta tattva to eka mAtra prakRti rUpa ho kara bhI sAre trailokya kA kAraNa hai / vyakta Azrita hotA hai, jo jisa se utpanna hotA hai vaha usa kA Azrita kahA jAtA hai, samagra vyakta-vRMda mUla prakRti se utpanna hotA hai kintu prakRti kisI se utpanna na hone se kisI kI Azrita nahIM hotI, kyoMki vaha kisI kA kArya nahIM hai / vyakta hotA hai liMgarUpa, jisa kA apane kAraNa meM laya hotA hai / pralayakAla meM paMcabhUta tanmAtrA meM lIna ho jAtI haiM, tanmAtrAe~ aura indriyA~ ahaMkAra meM lIna ho jAte haiM, ahaMkAra bhI buddhi meM aura buddhi pradhAna meM lIna ho jAte haiN| pradhAna kA laya kisI meM nahIM hotA / athavA liMga yAnI jo lIna (=gupta) avyaktasvarUpa artha kA gamana = bodhana kare, isa pakSa meM jo vyakta hai vaha kAryAtmaka liMga bana kara avyaktarUpa kAraNa kA anumAna karAtA hai, avyakta kAryabhUta na hone se kisI bhI kAraNa kA anumAna nahIM karAtA isa liye vaha liMgarUpa nahIM hai (yadyapi vaha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 299 atra ca 'asadakaraNAt' iti prathamo hetuH satkAryasAdhanAyopanyastaH evaM samarthitaH - yadi hi kAraNAtmani utpatteH prAk kArya nA'bhaviSyat tadA na tat kenacidakariSyata, yathA gaganAravindam / prayogaH - yadasat tana kenacit kriyate, yathA nabhonalinam, asattva(cca) prAgutpatteH paramatena kAryamiti vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiprasaMgaH / na caivaM bhavati tasmAt yat kriyate tilAdibhistailAdi kArya tat tasmAt prAgapi sat, iti siddhaM zaktirUpeNotpatteH prAgapi kAraNe kAryam, vyaktirUpatayA ca tat tadA kApilairapi neSyate / ___'upAdAnagrahaNAt' iti dvitIyahetusamarthanam - yadi asad bhavet kAraNe kAryam tadA puruSANAM pratiniyatopAdAnagrahaNaM na syAt, zAliphalArthinastu zAlibIjamevopAdadate na kodravabIjam / tatra yathA zAlibIjAdiSu zAlyAdInAmasattvam tathA yadi kodravabIjAdiSvapi, kimiti tulye sarvatra zAliphalAdInAmasattve pratiniyatAnyeva zAlibIjAni gRhNanti na kodravabIjAdikam, yAvatA kodravAdayo'pi zAliphalArthibhirupAdIyeran asattvA'vizeSAt / atha tatphalazUnyatvAt taiste nopAdIyante, yadyevaM zAlibIjamapi zAliphalArthinA tatphalazUnyatvAnopAdeyaM syAt kodravabIjavat, na caivaM bhavati, tasmAt tatra tat kAryamastIti gamyate / puruSa ke anumAna meM liMga hai kintu kAryAtmaka liMga nahIM hai / ) vyakta tattva zabda-rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparzAtmaka avayavoM se bhUSita hone se sAvayava hai kintu avyakta ke koI avayava nahIM hote kyoMki usa meM koI zabdAdiavayava nahIM hote / jaise pitA ke jIvita rahate putra kabhI svatantra nahIM hotA vaise hI vyakta bhI sadA kAraNAdhIna rahane se svatantra nahIM, paratantra hI hotA hai, avyakta tattva kabhI bhI kAraNAdhIna na hone se svatantra hI hotA hai / isa prakAra vyakta-avyakta kI vibhinnatA kA pratipAdana kaise zobhAspada hogA jaba ki pahale kAryabhedoM ko avyaktarUpa kahA hai ? uttara : aisA prazna ucita nahIM hai kyoMki paramArtha se to ye saba prakRtirUpa hI haiM kintu prakRti ke vikArabhedarUpa yAnI parimANavizeSasvarUpa hone se, una meM - vyakta-avyakta meM bheda rahatA hai to isa meM koI virodha nahIM hai| tathya yaha hai ki ye sabhI vikAra traiguNyamaya hone se tattvata: prakRtimaya hI hote haiM / tathApi vikArasRSTi meM jo vaicitrya pAyA jAtA hai vaha, sattva-rajas-tamas guNa kisI meM koI utkaTa to koI anutkaTa hone ke kAraNa, hotA hai / isI vajaha buddhi Adi tattvoM meM bheda hotA hai jisa kA triguNAtmaka prakRti se abheda hone meM kucha bhI virodha nahIM hai / kahane kA tAtparya yahI hai ki kArya, utpatti ke pUrva bhI kAraNatattva meM maujUda rahatA hai, kAraNavyApAra se sirpha usa kA AvirbhAva hotA hai / sAMkhyadarzana satkAryavAdI hai / satkAryavAdasAdhaka hetuzreNi prazna : yaha kaise jAnA jAya ki utpatti ke pUrva bhI kArya sat yAnI vidyamAna hotA hai ? uttara : aisA jAnane ke liye bahuta se hetu haiN| IzvarakRSNa ne 'asadakaraNAt' isa kArikA 9 meM 5 hetu batAye haiN| (1) pahalA hetu hai asat kA akaraNa jo satkAryavAda kI siddhi ke liye prayukta hai, usa kA samarthana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai - agara utpatti ke pUrva kArya apane kAraNatattva meM tanika bhI vidyamAna na ho to koI bhI usa kArya ko karane ke liye sakSama na ho pAtA, jaise gaganakusuma sarvathA asat hai to use janma dene

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 'sarvasambhavAbhAvAt' iti tRtIyo hetuH - yadi hi asadeva kAryamutpadyate tadA sarvasmAt tRNapAMzvAdeH sarva svarNa-rajatAdikAryamutpayeta, sarvasminutpattimati bhAve tRNAdikAraNabhAvAtmatAvirahasyA'viziSTatvAt / pUrva kAraNamukhena prasaGga uktaH samprati tu kAryadvAreNeti vizeSaH / na ca sarvaM sarvato bhavati, tasmAdayaM niyamaH 'tatraiva tasya sadbhAvAt' iti gamyate / / syAdetat - kAraNAnAM pratiniyateSveva kAryeSu zaktayaH pratiniyatAH tena kAryasyA'sattve'pi kiMcideva kArya kriyate - na gaganAMbhoruham - kiMcideva copAdAnamupAdIyate ta(?ya)deva samartham na tu sarvam, kiMcideva ca kutazcid bhavati na tu sarvaM sarvasmAditi / asadetat, yataH zaktA api hetavaH kArya kurvANAH zakyakriyameva kurvanti nA'zakyam / ke liye koI samartha nahIM hai / anumAnaprayoga - jo sarvathA asat hotA hai vaha kisI se bhI nahIM nipajAyA jAtA, udA0 gaganakusuma, prativAdi ke mata meM utpatti ke pUrva kArya sarvathA asat hotA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ vyApakaviruddhopalabdhisvarUpa prasaMgApAdana hai, 'kisI se bhI nipajAyA jAnA' isa kA matalaba hai kAraNasAdhyatva, usa kA vyApaka hai sattva aura usa ke virodhI asattva kI vahA~ upalabdhi hotI hai, jahA~ asattva upalabdha hai vahA~ sattva nahIM rahane se usa ke vyApyabhUta 'kAraNasAdhyatva' kA abhAva ApAdita ho sakatA hai| kintu kAryoM meM kAraNasAdhyatvAbhAva to nahIM hI rahatA, ata: mAnanA hogA ki jo kucha bhI tilAdi kAraNoM se tailAdi kArya niSpanna hotA hai vaha usa kI utpatti ke pUrva bhI sat honA cAhiye / sArAMza, utpatti ke pUrva bhI kAraNa meM kArya zaktirUpa se vidyamAna rahatA hai / vyaktirUpa se usa kAla meM sattva to kapilamatAnuyAyI sAMkhyavAdI bhI nahIM mAnate haiN| _ 'upAdAna kA grahaNa' isa dUsare hetu kA samarthana - kArya yadi utpatti ke pahale kAraNa meM vidyamAna na ho, to usa kA kartA jo amuka hI viziSTa upAdAna kAraNa ko apanI kAryasiddhi ke liye DhU~DhatA hai vaha nahIM hotA / cAvala-utpAdana cAhane vAlA cAvala ke bIja ko hI botA hai, kodarA ke bIja ko nahIM botA | cAvala to utpatti ke pUrva (prativAdI ke mata meM) jaise cAvalabIja meM avidyamAna haiM vaise hI kodarAbIja meM bhI avidyamAna hai / jaba una donoM meM samAnarUpa se, utpatti ke pahale cAvala asat haiM taba karttA sirpha amuka viziSTa cAvalabIjoM ko hI kyoM botA hai, kodarA ke bIja ko kyoM nahIM botA jaba ki avidyamAnatA to donoM meM tulya hai to cAvala-utpAdana kI cAha vAle ko kodarA Adi ke bIjoM ko bhI bone meM udyama karanA cAhiye / yadi kaheM ki - kodarA ke bIja cAvalarUpa phala se zUnya hone ke kAraNa ve nahIM boye jAte haiM - taba to phira cAvalabIja bhI utpatti ke pUrva cAvalazUnya hone se cAvala bIja kI cAhavAle ko kodarAbIja kI taraha cAvalabIja bhI nahIM bonA cAhiye / kintu aisA to nahIM hotA, ata: yaha phalita hotA hai ki cAvala apanI utpatti ke pUrva bhI cAvala ke bIjoM meM zaktirUpa se vidyamAna hote haiN| satkAryasiddhi meM sarvasambhavAbhAva hetu 'sarvasambhavAbhAva' yaha tIsarA hetu hai -- kArya yadi pUrva meM asat ho kara utpanna hotA hai to tRNa evaM pAMzu Adi se samasta suvarNa-cA~dI Adi kAryasamUha utpanna honA cAhiye / kAraNa yaha hai ki utpattizIla kisI bhI suvarNAdi athavA vastrAdi padArtha kA, tRNAdi kAraNa ke sAtha tAdAtmya kA viraha vinA kisI pakSapAta se * pUrva = dvitIyahetuprasaMge [pR0 307-6]

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 301 nanu kenaitaduktam - 'azakyaM kurvanti' iti, yenaitat pratiSidhyate bhavatA ? kintu 'asadapi kAryaM kurvanti' ityetAvaducyate / tacca teSAM zakyakriyameva / asadetat, asatkAryakAritvAbhyupagamAdeva azakyakriyaM kurvanti / tathAhi - yadasat tannIrUpam yacca nIrUpaM tat zazaviSANAdivad anAgheyAtizayam yacca anAdheyAtizayaM tadAkAzavadavikAri, tathAbhUtaM cA'samAsAditavizeSarUpaM kathaM kenacicchakyate kartum ? atha sadavasthApratipattervikriyata eva tat, etadapyasat, vikRtAvAtmahAniprApteH / yato vikRtAviSyamANAyAM yastasyAtmA nIrUpAkhyo varNyate tasya hAniH prasajyate / na hyasataH svabhAvA'. parityAge sadrUpatApattiryuktA, parityAge vA nAsadeva sadrUpatA pratipatramiti siddhayet anyadeva hi sadrUpam anyacca asadrUpam parasparaparihAreNa tayoravasthitatvAt / tasmAt yad asat tad azakyakriyameva, hotA hai / to tRNAdi se jaise apane tAdAtmya ke vinA bhI rajju Adi kArya niSpanna hotA hai vaise hI tAdAtmyAbhAva vAle svarNa-cA~dI Adi kArya bhI niSpanna ho sakate haiN| dUsare aura tIsare hetu meM aise to samAnatA dikhatI hai kintu pharka itanA hai ki dUsare hetu meM yaha bAta kAraNa mukha se kahI gayI hai - arthAt eka hI cAvalAdi kArya kI cAvala-kodarAdi samasta kAraNoM se utpatti hone kA ApAdana kiyA gayA hai : jaba ki tIsare hetu meM kAryamukha se vahI bAta kahI gayI hai - eka hI tRNAdi vastu se samasta kArya kI utpatti kA ApAdana kiyA hai| upanaya meM kahate haiM ki samasta kArya pratyeka kAraNa-vastu se utpanna hotA hai aisA to hai nahIM - isa se yaha niyama phalita hotA hai ki pratiniyata kArya kA apanI utpatti ke pUrva bhI amuka hI kAraNa meM sadbhAva hotA AzaMkA : kAraNoM meM amuka maryAdita kAryoM ko hI utpanna karane kI amuka maryAdita zakti hotI hai / ata: isa maryAdA ke hote hue, utpatti ke pUrva samasta kArya asat hote hue bhI ve apanI apanI maryAdita utpAdaka zakti ko dhAraNa karane vAle maryAdita kAraNoM se hI utpanna hote haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki gaganakamala kA janma hI nahIM ho pAtA / isI taraha yaha bhI niyama hai ki amuka kArya ke liye usa kA kartA amuka maryAdita kAraNa ko hI DhU~DhatA hai, vaha jisa kAraNa ko DhU~DhatA hai vahI kAraNa usa kArya ke liye sakSama hotA hai na ki sabhI kAraNa / ata: sArAMza yaha hai ki kisI eka maryAdita kAraNasAmagrI se koI eka maryAdita kArya hI utpanna hotA hai na ki samasta kAryavRMda kisI bhI eka kAraNa se / uttara : yaha vaktavya galata hai| kAraNa, zaktizAli hetu bhI jisa kArya kI utpAdana kriyA apane se zakya hotI hai usI kArya ko utpanna karatA hai, azakya kArya ko nahIM / yAnI zakti bhI amuka maryAdita kArya ke liye hI hotI hai, yaha bhI tabhI kahA jA sakatA hai jaba usI kArya ko usa kAraNa meM zaktirUpa se, utpatti ke pUrva bhI vidyamAna mAnA jAya / zaktizAli hetu se zakyakAryajanma prazna : are ! kisane Apa ko kahA ki zaktizAli hetu azakya kArya ko karatA hai ? kyoM Apa azakyakriyA kA niSedha karane kA kaSTa kara rahe haiM ? hama to itanA hI kahate haiM zaktizAli hetu utpattipUrva sat na hone vAle kArya ko bhI janma dete haiM, aura vaha kArya una hetuoM ke liye zakyakriya hI hotA hai / uttara : aisA prazna galata hai, jaba Apa hetu ko asatkAryakAri mAnate ho to usa kA yahI matalaba hai

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302 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atastathAbhUtapadArthakAritvAbhyupagame kAraNAnAmazakyakAritvamevAbhyupagataM syAt / na cAzakyaM kenacit kriyate yathA gaganAmbhoruham, ataH 'zaktipratiniyamAt' ityanuttarametat / etena 'zaktasya zakyakaraNAt' iti caturtho'pi hetuH samarthitaH / kAryasyaivamayogAcca kiM kurvat kAraNaM bhavet / tataH kAraNabhAvo'pi vIjAde vakalpate // [tattvasaMgraha kA0 13] iti paJcamahetusamarthanam / asyArthaH - evaM yathoktAddhetucatuSTayAd asatkAryavAde sarvathA'pi kAryasyA'yogAt kiM kurvad bIjAdi kAraNaM bhavet ? tatathaivaM zakyate vaktum - na kAraNaM bIjAdiH avidyamAnakAryatvAd gaganAjavat / na caivaM bhavati, tasmAd viparyayaH / iti siddhaM prAgutpatteH sat kAryamiti / syAdetat - yadi nAma 'sat kAryam' ityevaM siddham, 'pradhAnAdeva mahadAdikAryabhedAH pravarttante' ityetat tu kathaM siddhimAsAdayati ? ucyate - bhedAnAM parimANAt samanvayAt zaktitaH pravRttezca / kAraNakAryavibhAgAdavibhAgAd vaizvarUpyasya // [sAMkhyakArikA 15] kAraNamastyavyaktam [kA. 16] ki azakya kArya kA hetu se janma hotA hai / suniye - jo asat hotA hai vaha svarUpazUnya yAnI nIrUpa hotA hai, zazasIMga kI taraha usa meM koI bhI nayA saMskAra nahIM nipajAyA jA sakatA / saMskAraayogya hone ke kAraNa hI vaha AkAza kI taraha avikArI hotA hai / aba jo aisA kisI bhI vizeSatA se bAhya asat hai usa ko kauna nipajA sakatA hai ?! vaha kaise zakyakriya ho sakatA hai ? AzaMkA : are ! asat avasthA ko choDa kara vaha 'sat' avasthA meM A jAtA hai yahI vikAra hai, isa liye vaha zakyakriya kyoM nahIM ? uttara : yaha bhI galata vaktavya hai, kyoMki asat yadi vikRta hogA to usa ke asattva kA hI lopa ho jAyegA / kAraNa, asat meM vikriyA mAnane para usa ke svatva ko nIrUpa kahA gayA hai vaha galata ThaharegA / svabhAva kA - svatva kA tyAga kiye vinA asat kI sarUpatAprApti ghaTa nahIM sakatI / athavA mAna lo ki asat ne asat svarUpa kA tyAga kara diyA, kintu taba 'asat ne satsvarUpa kI prApti kI' aisA siddha nahIM kara sakate kyoMki satsvarUpa prApta karane vAlA tattva apane asatrUpa ko to kho baiThA hai / asat aura sat to eka-dUsare ke parihArI hai isa liye sat padArtha alaga hai aura asat padArtha bhI alaga hai, una donoM meM kucha bhI nAtA nahIM hai| ata: yaha phalita hotA hai ki jo asata hai vaha kabhI zakyakriya nahIM hotA. phira bhI yadi tathAvidha padArtha utpanna karane kA yaza kAraNoM ko diyA jAya to Apa una kAraNoM meM azakyArthakAritA ko mAnyatA de baiThe, jo anucita hai / jo azakya hotA hai jaise gaganakamala, usa ko koI bhI nahIM nipajA sakatA / isa liye Apane jo kahA thA ki kArya utpatti ke pUrva asat hone para bhI usa ko nipajAne kI zakti jina maryAdita kAraNoM meM hotI hai una kAraNoM se hI una kAryoM kA janma ho sakatA hai....ityAdi yaha kRtrima uttara hai, saccA nahIM / uparokta carcA meM 'zakta kA zakyakaraNa' yaha cauthA hetu bhI carcita ho gayA hai / isa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kArya utpatti ke pUrva kisI bhI DhaMga se apane kAraNa ke sAtha sambaddha ho tabhI aisA kaha sakate haiM ki

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 303 iti paJcabhyo vItaprayogebhyaH / tathAhi - (1) asti pradhAnam, bhedAnAM parimANAt, iha loke yasya sattA bhavati tasya parimANaM dRSTam, yathA kulAlaH parimitAt mRtpiNDAt parimitaM ghaTamutpAdayati prasthagrAhiNam ADhakagrAhiNaM vA / idaM ca mahadAdi vyaktaM parimitamupalabhyate - ekA buddhiH eko'haMkAraH paJca tanmAtrANi ekAdazendriyANi paJca bhUtAni - tato'numAnena sAdhayAmaH asti pradhAnam yat parimitaM vyaktamutpAdayati, yadi ca pradhAnaM na syAt niSparimANamidaM vyaktaM syAt / / (2) itazcAsti pradhAnam, bhedAnAmanvayadarzanAt / yajjAtisamanvitaM hi yadupalabhyate tat tanmayakAraNasambhUtam yathA ghaTazarAvAdayo bhedA mRjjAtyanvitA mRdAtmakakAraNasambhUtAH, sukha-duHkha-mohAdijAtisamanvitaM cedaM vyaktamupalabhyate prasAda-tApa-dainyAdikAryoMpalabdhaH / tathAhi-prasAda-lAghavAbhiSvaMgoddharSa-prItayaH sattvasya kAryam sukhamiti ca sattvamevocyate / tApa-zoSa-bheda-stambhoregA rajasaH kAryam kAraNa jisa zakya kArya ko utpanna karane ke liye zaktizAli hotA hai usI ko vaha utpanna kara sakatA hai| anutpanna kArya sarvathA asat hone para 'usa kI utpAdaka zakti amuka meM hI hai' aisA vidhAna hI ho nahIM sakatA ata: utpatti ke pUrva kAraNa meM kAryasattA mAnanA cAhiye / satkAryasAdhaka pA~cavA hetu kAraNabhAva pA~cavA hetu hai 'kAraNabhAva', isa kA 'kAryasyaiva' isa kArikA se samarthana kiyA jAtA hai / 'evaM' yAnI 'asat kA akaraNa' ityAdi cAra hetuoM se jaba yaha siddha hotA hai ki asatkAryavAda meM kisI bhI upAya se kArya kA yoga (yAnI saMgati) jamatA nahIM hai, taba 'kAraNa' zabda ke artha ko lekara yaha prazna hogA ki vaha kAraNarUpa se abhimata bIjAdi, kyA aisA karate haiM, (una meM kyA aisA tattva hai) jisa se ki usa ko 'kAraNa' (= kucha karane vAlA) kahA jA sake ? yadi usa meM vaisA (kArya kI avyakta sattArUpa) kucha tattva nahIM hai to aisA hI kahanA paDegA ki bIjAdi 'kAraNa' hI nahIM hai kyoMki una kA koI kArya nahIM hai jaise ki gaganapadma / isa prakAra jaba bIjAdi meM aniSTabhUta kAraNatvAbhAva kA prasaMga TAlanA hai to kahanA hogA ki bIjAdi 'kAraNa na ho' aisA to nahIM hai isa liye una meM kArya ke asattva ke viparyaya ko yAnI sattva ko mAnanA pdd'egaa| taba yaha anAyAsa siddha hotA hai ki kArya apanI utpatti ke pUrva bhI kahIM sat (vidyamAna) hotA hai| *pradhAnatattva ke AvirbhAva meM pA~ca anumAna* prabha : kArya utpatti ke pahale sat hotA hai yaha to siddha huA, lekina aba yaha dikhAIye ki 'buddhi Adi kAryabheda pradhAnatattva se hI AvirbhUta hote haiN| yaha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? uttara : 'bhedAnAM0' ityAdi 15 vIM sAMkhyakArikA meM pA~ca vIta anumAnaprayoga diye gaye haiM una se pradhAnatattva kI siddhi kI gayI hai, usI se yaha phalita ho jAtA hai ki buddhi Adi kAryabheda pradhAna se AvirbhUta hote haiN| anumAna ke do bheda hote haiM vIta aura avIta / anvaya vyApti se kiyA jAne vAlA vastusattAsAdhaka anumAna vIta kahalAtA hai aura vyatirekavyApti se kiyA jAne vAlA vastuniSedhasUcaka anumAna avIta kahalAtA hai| yahA~ pA~coM anumAna anvayamukha se avyakta (= pradhAna) ke astitva ko siddha karatA hai / (1) 'bhedoM kA (= mahat Adi kAryoM kA) parimANa' yaha pahalA hetu hai / isa jagat meM dikhatA hai ki jisa kA astitva hai usa kA koI na koI parimANa jarUra hotA hai / jaise: kumhAra parimita yAnI sImita miTTIpiNDa se parimita yAnI maryAdita

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304 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam rajazva duHkham / dainyAvaraNa-sAdana-vidhvaMsa-bIbhatsagauravANi tamasaH kAryam tamazca mohazabdenocyate / eSAM ca mahadAdInAM sarveSAM prasAda-tApa-dainyAdi kAryamupalabhyate iti sukha-duHkha-mohAnAM trayANAmete saMnivezavizeSA ityavasIyate, tena siddhameteSAM prasAdAdikAryataH sukhAdyanvitatvam, tadanvayAcca tanmayaprakRtisambhUtatvaM siddhimAsAdayati, tatsiddhau ca sAmarthyAd yA'sau prakRtiH tat pradhAnamiti siddham 'asti pradhAnam' bhedAnAmanvayadarzanAt / (3) itazcAsti pradhAnam, zaktitaH pravRtteH / iha loke yo yasminnarthe pravartate sa tatra zaktaH yathA tantuvAyaH paTakaraNe ataH pradhAnasyAsti zaktiryayA vyaktamutpAdayati, sA ca zaktinirAzrayA na sambhavati tasmAdasti pradhAnaM yatra zaktivarttate iti / (4) itathAsti pradhAnam kAraNa-kAryavibhAgAt / iha loke kArya-kAraNayorvibhAgo dRSTaH, tadyathA mRtpiNDaH kAraNam ghaTaH kAryam sa ca mRtpiNDAd vibhaktasvabhAvaH / tathAhi - ghaTo madhUdakapayasAM parimANavAle, jaise ki koI 'prasthaparimANa jalAdi samAne vAle yA koI ADhaka parimANa jalAdi samAne vAle ghaTa ko utpanna karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo maryAdita parimANavAlA hotA hai usa kA jarUra koI upAdAna kAraNa hotA hai / ye mahat Adi tattva bhI maryAdita parimANavAle hI dikhAI dete haiM, jaise buddhi aura ahaMkAra eka eka aura parimita hote haiM / tanmAtrAe~ pA~ca hI haiM, indriyA~ gyAraha hI haiM, bhUta pA~ca hI haiN| ata: 'jo maryAdita parimANavAle hote haiM ve upAdAnakAraNasahita hote haiM jaise ghaTa' isa anumAna se yaha siddha ho sakatA hai ki pradhAnasaMjJaka koI upAdAna tattva hai jo parimita vyakta (buddhi Adi) ko utpanna karatA hai / agara yaha pradhAnatattva na hotA to jagat meM kahIM bhI vyaktamAtra aparimita hI upalabdha hotaa| dUsarA hetu-bhedoM kA samanvaya * (2) pradhAnatattva kI siddhi ke liye bhedoM kA samanvaya yAnI anvayadarzana yaha dUsarA hetu hai / yaha niyama hai ki jo jisa jAti se samanvita upalabdha hotA hai vaha usI jAti se samanvita kAraNa se utpanna hotA hai; udA. ghaTa, zarAva Adi bheda mRttva jAti se anvita upalabdha hote haiM to ve mRttvajAtivAlI miTTI se paidA hote haiN| prastuta meM, vyakta sabhI tattva sukha-dukha-mohAdi (yAnI sattva-rajas-tamas Adi) jAti se samanvita upalabdha hote haiM- yaha una meM upalabdha hone vAle prasAdAdi, tApAdi, dainyAdi kAryoM se siddha hai / isa tathya kI spaSTatA dekhiye- prasAdAdi yAnI prasAda, lAghava, abhiSvaMga, uddharSa aura prIti ye saba sattva ke kArya haiM, sattva aura sukha eka hI bAta hai / tApAdi yAnI tApa-zoSa-bheda-stambha aura udvega ye rajas ke kArya haiM, rajas kahiye yA duHkha kahiye- eka haiM / dainya-AvaraNa-sAdana-dhvaMsa-bIbhatsa aura gaurava ye tamas ke kArya haiM, tamas yA moha eka hI hai| ina mahat Adi sabhI vyakta tattvoM meM prasAdAdi, tApAdi aura dainyAdi kArya dikhAI par3ate haiM isaliye saba sukha-dukha aura moha kI tripuTI ke hI racanAvizeSarUpa hai yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai / tAtparya, prasAdAdi kAryaliMga se vyakta meM sukhAdi kA anvaya siddha hotA hai, aura pUrvokta niyama ke anusAra vyakta tattva sukhAdisamanvita hone ke hetu se, sukhAdimaya svabhAvavAle tattva se nipaje hue haiM yaha bhI siddha ho jAtA hai| jaba vyakta ke kAraNarUpa 1. 32 paloM ke barAbara mApa ko prastha kahate haiN| 2 - droNa ke cauthe bhAga ko ADhaka kahate haiM / zloka- "aSTamuSTirbhavet kuM tu puSkalam / puSkalAni ca catvAri ADhaka: parikIrtitaH // '- artha: ATha muThI = 1 kuMci, ATha kuMci-1 puSkala, cAra puSkala = 1 ADhaka / tathA 4 kuDava = 1 prastha, 4 prastha % 1 ADhaka /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 305 dhAraNasamarthaH na mRtpiNDaH, evamidaM mahadAdikAryaM dRSTvA sAdhayAmaH asti pradhAnaM kAraNam yasmAdidaM mahadAdikAryamiti / (5) itavAsti pradhAnam vaizvarUpyasyA'vibhAgAt / 'vaizvarUpyam' iti trayo lokA ucyante, ete hi pralayakAle kaMcidavibhAgaM gacchanti / tathAhi- paJca bhUtAni paJcasu tanmAtreSu avibhAgaM gacchanti, tanmAtrANIndriyANi cAhaMkAre, ahaMkArastu buddhau, buddhiH pradhAne tadevaM pralayakAle trayo lokA avibhAgaM gacchanti / avibhAgo'vivekaH yathA kSIrAvasthAyAM 'anyat kSIram' 'anyad dadhi' iti viveko na zakyo'bhidhAtum tadvat pralayakAle 'idaM vyaktam' 'idamavyaktam' iti viveko'zakyakriya iti manyAmahe - 'asti pradhAnam yatra mahadAdiliMgamavibhAgaM gacchatI'ti / sattva-rajastamolakSaNaM sAmAnyamekamacetanaM dravyam anekaM ca cetanaM dravyamartho'stIti dravyArthikaH azuddho vyavahAranayAbhipretArthAbhyupagamasvarUpaH boddhavyaH / vakSyati AcAryaH - 'jaM kAvilaM darisaNaM evaM dabaTThiyassa vattavyaM / ' [sa03-48] iti / meM sukhAdisvabhAvavAlA padArtha siddha huA to yaha anAyAsa arthata: siddha ho jAtA hai ki vahI padArtha samasta vyakta kA mUla yAnI prakRti hai aura vahI hamArA sAdhya pradhAna tattva hai / isa prakAra bhedoM ke samanvaya ke darzana se pradhAna kA astitva sphuTa hotA hai / tIsarA hetu zakti anusAra pravRtti (3) tIsarA hetu hai zakti anusAra pravRtti / spaSTatA:- isa jagat meM jo jisa artha meM (artha ko nipajAne ke liye) pravRtta hotA hai vaha usako nipajAne vAlI zakti se samanvita hotA hai yaha niyama hai / udA0 julAhA vasa bunane kI pravRtti karatA hai kyoMki vaha tadanurUpa zakti dhAraNa karatA hai| isa niyamAnusAra yaha kaha sakate haiM ki kArya vinA kisI kI zakti se utpanna nahIM hotaa| vyakta varga utpanna hotA hai to usako utpanna karane kI zakti bhI kisI (pradhAna jaise) tattva meM avazya honI cAhiye, koI bhI zakti anAzrita to nahIM ho sakatI ata: yaha anumAna se phalita hotA hai ki jahA~ usa zakti kA vAsa hai vaha koI pradhAna tattva avazya hastI meM hai| pradhAnasAdhaka cauthA hetu kAraNa-kAryavibhAga (4) pradhAna kI siddhi meM cauthA hetu hai kAraNa-kAryavibhAga / isa jagat meM kArya aura kAraNa kA vibhAga dikhatA hai| jaise: miTTIpiNDa kAraNa hai aura ghaTa usa kA kArya hai jo ki miTTIpiNDa se kucha vibhinna svabhAvavAlA hai| sociye - madha, jala yA dugdha kA dhAraNa-vahana karane ke liye ghaTa hI samartha hotA hai na ki miTTI kA piNDa / prastuta meM bhI mahat Adi kAryoM ko dekha kara yaha siddha ho sakatA hai ki yahA~ bhI kAraNa-kArya kA spaSTa vibhAga honA cAhiye / tAtparya, mahat Adi kArya upalabdha hote haiM to una ke sAtha kArya-kAraNa bhAva dhAraNa karane vAlA koI pradhAna tattvarUpa mUla kAraNa bhI honA cAhiye jisa meM se ina mahat Adi kA janma hotA hai| * pA~cavA hetu - vaizvarUpya kA avibhAga* (5) 'vaizvarUppa kA avibhAga' yaha pradhAnasiddhi kA paMcama hetu hai| tIna loka ko hI vaizvarUpya kahA

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306 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam naigamanayAbhiprAyastu dravyAstikaH zuddhA'zuddhatayA AcAryeNa na pradarzita eva, naigamasya sAmAnyagrAhiNaH saMgrahe'ntarbhUtatvAt vizeSagrAhiNazca vyavahAre iti naigamAbhAvAd / iti dravyapratipAdakanayapratyayarAzimUlavyAkaraNI dravyAstikaH zuddhA'zuddhatayA vyavasthitaH / [ paryAyAstikanayanirUpaNa - (1) sadadvaitapratikSepakaH paryAyAstikanayaH ] ___ atra paryAyAstika RjusUtra-zabda-samabhirUDha-evaMbhUtanayapratyayarAzimUlavyAkaraNI zuddhA'zuddhatayA vyavasthitaH paryAyalakSaNaviSayavyavasthApanaparo dravyAstikanayAbhipretavastuvyavasthApanayukti pratikSipati - yaduktaM dravyAstikena 'sarvamekaM sadavizeSAt' [269-5] tat kiM bhedasya pramANabAdhitatvAdekamucyate Ahosvidabhede pramANasadbhAvAt ? na tAvad bhedasya pramANabAdhitatvam yataH pramANaM pratyakSAdikaM bhedamupodvalayati na punastadvAdhayA pravartate, bhedamantareNa pramANetaravyavasthiterevAbhAvAt / pramANaM ca pratyakSAnumAnAdibhedena jAtA hai / jaba pralayakAla AtA hai taba pA~ca bhUta Adi tattvoM kA 'avibhAga' yAnI apane apane kAraNa-tattvoM meM vilaya hotA hai / jaise, pA~ca bhUta pA~ca tanmAtrA meM vilIna hote haiM, tanmAtrA aura indriyA~ ahaMkAra meM, ahaMkAra buddhi meM aura buddhi pradhAna meM vilIna ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra tInoM loka kA vilaya hotA hai| avibhAga yA vilaya kA matalaba hai aviveka / jaise, kSIrAvasthA meM 'kSIra alaga - dahIM alaga' aisA viveka = vibhAga dikhA nahIM sakate isI taraha pralaya kAla meM 'yaha vyakta aura yaha avyakta' aisI vivekakriyA azakya hotI hai| yahA~ sabhI kArya-tattvoM kA kAraNatattva meM vilaya hotA hai to buddhi kA vilaya hone ke liye bhI koI 'pradhAna' nAma kA tattva hai jisa meM mahat Adi liMga (yAnI vilIna hone vAle tattvoM) kA avibhAga (= vilaya) hotA hai| niSkarSa, azuddha dravyArthika naya sattva-rajas-tamas svarUpa sAmAnya eka acetana dravya aura aneka cetana puruSa saMjJaka dravyoM kA bhinna bhinna rUpa se aMgIkAra karatA hai, vaise dravyoM ke aMgIkAra meM jisa kA artha = abhiprAya hai aisA naya azuddha dravyArthika hai| azuddha isa liye ki vaha zuddhadravyagrAhI saMgraha ko choDa kara vyavahAranayamAnya sabheda dravyarUpa artha kA aMgIkAra karatA hai| AcArya zrI siddhasenasUri isI bAta ko tIsare kAMDa kI 48 vIM gAthA se bhI batAyeMge ki kapila kA sAMkhya-darzana pUrA dravyArthikanaya kA vaktavya hai| prazna : anya AcAryoM ne naigamanaya kA bhI dravyArthika meM samAveza dikhAyA hai to Apane zuddha-azuddha naigama ko isa meM kyoM nahIM batAyA ? uttara : AcArya bhagavantane vaha nahIM batAyA isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki sAmAnyagrAhI naigamanaya kA saMgrahanaya meM antarbhAva hai aura vizeSagrAhI naigamanaya kA vyavahAranaya meM antarbhAva hai / isa prakAra saMgrahavyavahArobhayasvarUpa dravyArthika meM antarbhAva na hotA ho aisA svatantra koI naigamanaya hai nhiiN| uparokta vivecana ke anusAra yaha vyavasthA spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki dravya kA nirUpaNa karane vAlI nayapratItiyoM ke samudAya kA mUla vyAkaraNa prakAzana karanevAlA dravyAstikanaya hai jisa kA zuddha aura azuddha ye do bheda haiM / paryAyAstikanayaprarUpaNA - advaitapratikSepa paryAyAstika naya jo ki RjusUtra - zabda - samabhirUDha - evaMbhUta ina cAra avAntaranaya pratyayoM ke

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 307 bhinnaM sad bhedasAdhakameva, na punastadvAdhakam / tathAhi - pratyakSaM tAvaccakSurvyApArasamanantarabhAvi vastubhedamadhigacchat utpadyate, yato bhedo bhAva eva taM cAdhigacchatA'dhyakSeNa kathaM bhedo nAdhigataH ? yaccokam [269-8] "bhedasya kalpanAviSayatvam 'idamasmAd vyAvRttam' ityevaM tasya vyavasthApanAt, abhedastu nirapekSAdhyakSadhIsamadhigamyaH" iti tadayuktam, 'idamanena samAnam' ityanugatArthapratibhAsasyaiveta- rasavyapekSasya kalpanAjJAnamantareNAnupapatterabheda eva kalpanAjJAnaviSayaH bhedastu parasparA'saMmizravastubalodbhUtatadAkArasaMvedanAdhigamyaHtadAbhAsAdhyakSasyAnubhavasiddhatvAt, adhyakSasya bhAvagrahaNarUpatvAcca / bhAvAzca svasvarUpavyavasthitayo nAtmAnaM pareNa kalpanAjJAnamantareNa yojayanti evaM parasparA'saMkIrNarUpapratibhAsato bhAvAnAM vyavahArAMgatA nAnyathA / taduktam - "analArthyAnalaM pazyannapi na tiSThet nApi pratiSTheta" [ ] punarapyuktam "tat paricchinatti anyad vyavacchinatti prakArAntarAbhAvaM ca sUcayati" [ ] iti| etena 'AhurvidhAtR pratyakSam' ityAdi [271-12] parAkRtam / yato vidhAtRtvaM kiM pratyakSasya bhAvasvarUpagrAhitvam Ahosvidanyat ? yadi bhAvasvarUpagrAhitvam na tarhi bhedagrahaNasya virodhaH, bhedasya prastAra kA mUla prarUpaka hai vaha zuddha aura azuddha do prakAra se vibhakta hai| yaha paryAyArthikanaya, vastu ko paryAyasvarUpa mAnane para tulA hai ata: dravyArthikanaya sammata vastu kI sthApaka yuktiyoM kA pratikSepa karate hue kahatA hai - __dravyArthika ne jo kahA thA ki sattvasvarUpa hI hone se saba kucha eka hai [270-18] - isa ke Upara prazna hai ki bheda ke pramANabAdhita hone se ekatva kA samarthana karate ho yA phira abhedasAdhaka pramANa jAgaruka hai isa liye ? bheda koI pramANabAdhita nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSAdi pramANa to ulTA bheda kA prakAzana karatA hai nahIM ki bheda na hone kA prakAzana / kAraNa, bheda ke vinA 'yaha pramANa hai - yaha apramANa hai', aisI athavA 'yaha pramANa hai - yaha prameya hai' aisI vyavasthA honA duSkara hai| pramANa ke bhI pratyakSAdi aneka bheda haiM jo sarvamAnya haiM, isI se bheda siddha ho jAtA hai, bheda kI bAdhA siddha nahIM hotI / dekho - cakSuHkriyA ke bAda utpanna hone vAlA pratyakSa vastu ke bheda ko hI prakAzita karatA hai, bheda bhI bhAva kI hI eka avasthA hai aura usa kA jaba pratyakSa hotA hai to bheda kaise ajJAta rahegA ? bheda nahIM kintu abheda hI kalpita hai* yaha jo dravyArthikavAdI ne kahA thA [270-26] - ki bheda kA prakAzana to 'yaha isa se judA hai' isa prakAra kI kalpanA se hotA hai isa liye vaha kalpanAviSaya hai na ki vAstava, jaba ki abheda to kalpanAmukta pratyakSabuddhi se prakAzita hotA hai - yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vAstava meM bheda nahIM kintu abheda hI kalpanAjJAna kA viSaya (yAnI kalpita) hai / 'yaha isa se samAna hai' yaha samAnAkAra pratIti parAzrita hone se kalpanAjJAna ke vinA ghaTa hI nahIM sakatI, isa liye abheda hI kalpita hai| bheda to ekadUsare para anAzrita svataMtra vastu svarUpa hai aura vaha apane dRzyatvabala se utpanna hone vAle tadAkAra saMvedana se adhigata hotA hai kyoMki tadAkAra pratyakSa sabhI ko anubhavasiddha hai aura pratyakSa kA svarUpa hamezA bhAvagrAhI hotA hai / yaha usa se samAna hai| isa samAnAkAra abhedajJAna meM spaSTa hI eka bhAva dUsare bhAva se yojita hotA hai| bhAva to svayaM dUsare se yojita (parAzrita) nahIM hote, ve to apane apane svarUpa meM avasthita hote haiM kintu kalpanAjJAna se hI ve anya ke

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308 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tadrUpatvAt / athAnyat, tanna, tasya svabhAvA'nirdezAt / atha vastvantarAd vastvantarasyAnyatvaM pratyakSaM na pratipAdayati, tadapyasat - bhAvAnAM sarvato vyAvRttatvAt tathaiva cAdhyakSa pratibhAsanAt / tathAhi - pu- rovyavasthite ghaTa-paTAdike vastuni cakSurvyApArasamudbhUtapratiniyatArthapratibhAsAdeva sarvasmAdanyato bhedaH pratipanno'dhyakSeNa anyathA pratiniyata- pratibhAsA'yogAt / na hyaghaTarUpatayA'pi pratibhAsamAno ghaTaH pratiniyatapratibhAso bhavati, aghaTarUpapadArthApratibhAsane ca tatra kathaM na tato bhedapratibhAsaH syAt ? nahi tadAtmA bhavati, svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH sarvabhAvAnAm anyathA sarvasya sarvatropayogAdiprasaMgaH, iti anyA'pratibhAsanameva ghaTAdeH pratiniyatarUpaparicchedaH / yadi punaH pratiniyatarUpaparicchede'pi nAnyarUpaparicchedastadA pratiniyataikasvarUpasyApyaparicchedaprasaGgaH / tathAhi - ghaTarUpaM (?pa)pratiniyatAdhyakSapratyayenApyaghaTarUpaviveko nA'dhigato yadi tadA'ghaTarUpamapi ghaTarUpaM syAditi na pratiniyataghaTarUpapratipattiH syAt / tatazca ya eSa kasyacit pratiniyatapadArthadarzanAt kvacit prApti-parihArArtho vyavahAraH sa na syAt / na ca tatrA'sato rUpasya pratibhAso yuktaH, apratibhAsane ca kathaM na tataH pratibhAsamAnarUpasya sAtha yojita hote haiM, usa ke vinA nahIM / ukta rIti se parAzrita hone se abheda bhI kalpanAviSaya siddha hotA hai| yadi abheda vAstava mAnA jAya to koI bhI bhAva vyavahAropayogI nahIM ho sakegA, jala agni Adi bhAva anyonya asamAnarUpa se jaba bhAsita hote haiM tabhI garmI ke liye agni, zaitya ke liye jala ityAdi vyavahAropayogI hote haiN| kahA hai - "jise agni cAhiye vaha yadi sarvAbhinna rUpa se hI agni ko dekhegA to na nivRtti karegA aura na pravRtti karegA (kiMtu udAsIna rhegaa)|" - isa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sarvasAmAnya satvasvarUpa se agni ko dekhane para garmI kA arthI usa kI prApti ke liye pravRtti nahIM karegA aura garmI se parezAna AdamI usa se bhAgegA nahIM, pravRtti - nivRtti vyavahAra tabhI ho sakate haiM jaba jalAdi se asamAnarUpa meM agni kA - bheda kA bodha ho / anyatra bhI kahA hai - "bodhAtmA vastu (ke asAdhAraNa rUpa) ko avadhArita karatA hai aura viparIta svarUpa kA vyavaccheda karatA hai, sAtha sAtha ina doM se atirikta kisI prakAra ke abhAva ko sUcita bhI karatA hai|" pratyakSa kI bhedagrAhitA kA upapAdana 'pratyakSa to sirpha vidhAyaka hI kahA gayA hai...' yaha nivedana bhI uparokta vaktavya se nirasta ho jAtA hai| kAraNa, yahA~ prazna uThegA - vidhAyakatva yAnI bhAvasvarUpagrAhitva hI hai yA anya kucha ? yadi bhAvasvarUpagrAhitva kaheM to koI virodha nahIM hai, bheda bhI bhAvasvarUpa hI hai / 'anya kucha' vidhAyakatva ke svabhAva kA paricaya hI zakya nahIM to usa kA pratyakSa ke dharma yA svabhAva ke rUpa meM nirdeza kaise zakya hai !! AzaMkA : eka vastu se dUsarI vastu kI bhinnatA (= bheda) kA prakAzana karane meM pratyakSa sakSama nahIM hai| uttara : yaha vitarka galata hai / bhAvAtmaka vastu sabhI vastuoM se svayaM hI bhinna svabhAva hotI hai| yaha bhinnatA = bheda svabhAvAntargata vastusvarUpa hI hai| pratyakSa meM bhinnatAsvabhAva vastu kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai / suniye-ghaTa-vastrAdi vastu jaba najara ke samakSa hotI hai taba netravyApAra se jo maryAditarUpa meM vastu kA pratibhAsa hotA hai usa meM pratyakSa ke dvArA sarvavastuoM kA bheda gRhIta ho jAtA hai / yadi yaha galata hai to phira vastu ke maryAditarUpa meM pratibhAsa kI vyavasthA nahIM baiThegI / ghaTa yadi maryAdita rUpa meM bhAsita na ho kara aghaTa

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 vivekapratibhAsaH 1 na ca bhedaH kalpanAjJAnaviSayaH abAdhitAnubhavagocaratvAt, ata eva 'itaretarAbhAvarUpatvAnna bhedaH pratyakSaviSayaH' iti pratyuktam, bhAvarUpagrahaNe itaretarAbhAvarUpasya bhedasya pratibhAsanAt / anumAnAgamayoH svarUpasya tu bhedanibandhanatvAnna bhedabAdhakatA / evaM prameyabhedanizvaye pramANAdapi prameyasya bhedo nizcita eva bhavatIti na pramANanizcaye bhede'bAdhitatvAd bhedasyAbhedAbhyupagamo yuktaH / yadapi 'deza - kAlAsskArabhedairbhedo na pratyakSAdibhiH pratIyate' ityAdyuktam [271-13, 274 - 9] tadapyasaMgatameva, abhedapratipattAvapyasya samAnatvAt / tathAhi - abhedo'pi padArthAnAM yadi dezAbhedAt tadA'navasthAdidUSaNaM samAnam / kiMca, bhinnadezasambandhitayA pratibhAsamAnAnAM ghaTa - paTAdInAM sadrUpatayA sarveSAM pratibhAsanAt tasyAzca sarvatra sarvadA'pratyapAyAdabAdhitapratyayaviSayatvena pAramArthikatvam ghaTAdibhedAnAM ca pracyavanAd dezAntarAdau rUpa se bhI bhAsita hotA to usa ke maryAdita pratibhAsa kA uccheda sira uThAyegA / yadi mAnate haiM ki vahA~ ghaTa padArtha pratibhAsa ke samaya aghaTarUpapadArtha pratibhAsa nahIM hotA ( kintu aghaTa se bhinnatA kA hotA hai) to vahI bhedapratibhAsarUpa hai itanA kyoM nahIM samajhate ? Apa bhI jAnate haiM ki ghaTa kabhI aghaTAtmA (= ghaTabhinna) nahIM hotA, kyoMki pratyeka bhAva apane apane svarUpa meM avasthita hote haiN| yadi aisA na ho kara ghaTAdi sarvabhAva aghaTAdibhAvarUpa meM avasthita hone kA mAnA jAya to jalAharaNa kI taraha zarIrAcchAdana Adi samasta kAryoM meM sarva vastu upayogI banane kA bhI mAnanA paDegA / sArAMza, ghaTapratibhAsa ke kAla meM aghaTapratibhAsa na honA yahI maryAditarUpa se ghaTa kA bhAna hai arthAt bhedapratibhAsa hai / yadi ghaTasvarUpa ke pratibhAsaka ke samaya vyAvarttakarUpa se bhI anyabhAvoM kA pratibhAsa svIkArya nahIM hai taba to ghaTAdi kA sarvarUpa se pratibhAsa yAnI maryAdita eka svarUpa se anavabhAsa prasakta hogA / dekhiye - ghaTa - svarUpa kI maryAditarUpa meM honevAlI pratIti meM yadi aghaTasvarUpa kA bheda bhAsita nahIM hotA to vaha aghaTasvarUpa bhI ghaTamaya prasakta hogA / phalataH maryAditarUpa se ghaTabodha hogA hI nahIM / isa se yaha aniSTa prasakta hogA ki kisI ko bhI maryAdita rUpa se vastudarzana hone para bhI usa vastu kI prApti yA unmukti ke liye honevAlA vyavahAra vilupta ho jAyegA / saca bAta to yaha hai ki ghaTapratibhAsa meM, ghaTa meM na rahane vAle arthAt tadrUpa na hone vAle ( aghaTAdi) svarUpa kA pratibhAsa saMgata hI nahIM hai; jaba pratibhAsa nahIM hai to usa apratibhAsamAna svarUpa ke tyAga (= bheda) kA avabhAsa kyoM nahIM hogA ? bheda to nirbAdha anubhUti kA viSaya hai isa liye usa ko kalpanAjJAna kA viSaya batAnA galata rAha hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki "bheda anyonyavyAvRttisvarUpa hone se pratyakSa kA viSaya nahIM haiM" yaha vidhAna galata ThaharatA hai, kyoMki bhAvAtmaka ghaTa kA svarUpa gRhIta hotA hai taba aghaTAdi kA bheda jo ki anyonyavyAvRttimaya hai vaha bhI sphuratA hai / anumAna aura Agama kA svarUpa to svayaM bheda para nirbhara hai, kyoMki Agama kA antarbhAva yadi anumAna meM kara diyA jAya to usa kI svatantratA lupta ho jAyegI / jaba anumAna aura Agama bhedanirbhara hai to ve bheda ke bAdhaka kaise hoMge isa prakAra jaba anumAna - Agama ke dvaividhya se hI prameyAtmaka bheda kI hastI pragaTa ho jAtI hai to phira pramANa ke AdhAra para prameya kA bheda (= vaividhya ) bhI nizcita ho sakatA hai / jaba bheda meM bAdhaka pramANa na hone se vaha pramANanizcaya kA viSaya siddha hotA hai taba usa kA tiraskAra kara ke ekamAtra Jain Educationa International 309 For Personal and Private Use Only

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310 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vAdhitapratyayagamyatvAdapAramArthikatvamabhyupagatam / tatraikadezasthaghaTAdibhedAdhyakSapratipattikAle yat svarUpaM tadbhedapariSvaktavapuH parisphuTamadhyakSe pratibhAti na tad dezAntarasthaghaTAdibhedaparigatamUrtitayA pratibhAti, tatra tadbhedAnAmasanidhAnena pratibhAsA'yogAt tadapratibhAsane ca tatpariSvaktatA'pi tasya nAdhigateti kayaM dezAntarasthabhedAnugatatvaM tasya bhAtam ? yadeva hi spaSTagavagataM tadbhedaniSThaM tasya rUpaM tadevAbhyupagantuM yuktm| anyadezabhedAnugatasya tadarzanA'saMsparzinaH svarUpasyA'sambhavAta, sambhave vA tasya dRzyasvabhAvAbhedaprasaMgAta, tadekatve sarvatra bhedapratihateranAnaikaM jagat syAt / darzanaparigataM ca taddezabhedakroDIkRtaM sadrUpaM na bhedAntaraparigatamiti na tadasti / yadi tu tadapi bhedAntaraparigataM sadrUpamAbhAti tathA sati sakaladezaparigatAbhedAH pratibhAsantAm / atha na prathamadezabhedapratibhAsakAle dezAntaraparigatabhedasambandhi sadUpatvamAbhAti kintu yadA abheda kA svIkAra ayukta hai| yaha jo kaha gayA hai [272-26, 273 - 16] deza, kAla aura AkAra ke bhedoM se vastu meM bheda hotA hai aisA pratyakSa Adi se anubhava nahIM hotA - yaha asaMgata hai, kyoMki isa ke sAmane samAnarUpa se yaha kaha sakate haiM ki abheda bhI pratyakSAdi se anubhUta nahIM hotA / dekho - deza ke abheda se yadi padArthoM kA abheda mAneMge to usa deza-abheda bhI kisI anya abheda para avalambita mAnanA paDegA, vaha bhI anya abheda para......isa prakAra bhedapakSa meM jo anavasthAdi doSa dikhAyA hai ve saba yahA~ samAna haiN| dezAntarasthabhedAnugama kI anupapatti* yaha dhyAna de kara socane jaisA hai - bhinna bhinna deza ke sambandhirUpa meM prakAzanevAle ghaTa-paTa Adi samasta bhAva sabhI ko sadrapatA se bhAsita hote haiM / sadpatA bhAsita hotI hai vaha sarvadeza-sarvakAla meM avasthita sarvabhAvoM meM bhAsita hotI hai, kisI deza yA kisI kAla meM bhAsita na ho aisA pratyavAya yahA~ sAvakAza nahIM hai| sadrUpatA nirbAdha anubhava kA viSaya hone se vaha pAramArthika mAnI jAtI hai| arthAt sanmAtra svarUpa se ghaTa-paTAdi ko pAramArthika mAnA jAtA hai / dUsarI ora ghaTAdibheda ko pAramArthika nahIM mAnA jAtA, kyoMki una kA pracyavana yAnI kabhI aura kahIM ve dikhAI de aura na bhI dikhAI de aisA hone se ve anya deza-kAla meM bAdhita jJAna ke viSaya bane hue haiN| aba isa para yaha socanA cAhiye ki sadrUpatA kA kabhI bhI kahIM bhI pratyavAya nahIM hone kA Apa mAnate haiM kintu anubhava to aisA hai ki eka deza meM rahe hue ghaTAdi bhedoM kA jaba pratyakSa se bodha hotA hai usa kAla meM una bhedoM se sambaddha jo svarUpa pratyakSa meM spaSTa rUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, vaha 'anya deza meM raha hue ghaTAdi bhedoM meM bhI anugatasvarUpa vAlA hai aisA anubhava nahIM hotA, kyoMki eka deza meM anya deza ke ghaTAdi bhedoM kA sAnnidhya hI nahIM hotA / isa liye vahA~ una kA pratibhAsa bhI nahIM hotA / jaba anya deza ke ghaTAdi kA eka deza meM pratibhAsa hI nahIM hotA to anyadezastha ghaTAdi bhedoM kI sambaddhatA bhI eka deza ke ghaTAdi meM lakSita nahIM ho sakatI / taba mukhya prazna yaha uThatA hai ki anyadezastha bhedoM kA isa meM anugama kaise lakSita hogA jo anugata satsvarUpa kI pratIti ke liye honA Avazyaka hai ? saca bAta to yaha hai ki eka deza meM rahe hue ghaTAdi meM rahane vAle jisa rUpa kA anubhava darzana se hotA ho vahI usa ghaTAdi bheda meM mAnanA cAhiye / jo darzana kA viSaya hI nahIM banatA aisA 'isa ghaTAdi meM *. yahA~ bhedAnda se sarvatra 'ghaTAdi vividha padArtha aisA artha smjhnaa|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 311 bhedAntaramupalabhyate tadA tadgataM sadrUpatvamAbhAtItyabhedapratipattiH pazcAd bhavatIti - etadapyayuktam, yato bhedAntapratibhAse'pi tatkroDIkRtameva sadrapatvamiti na pUrvabhedasaMsparzitayA tasyAdhigatiH pUrvabhedasyA'saMnihitatayA'pratibhAsane tatpariSvaktavapuSaH sadrUpasyApi darzanAtikrAntatvAt kathamaparAparadezabhedasamanvayisadrUpatvAvagamaH sambhavI ? atha pratyabhijJAnAdanvayi sadrUpatvaM bhinnadezabhedeSu pratIyate - tadA vaktavyam keyaM pratyabhijJA ? yadi pratyakSam tat kutastadavaseyaM sadrUpatvamaparAparadezaghaTa-paTAdiSvekaM sidhyati ? athAkSavyApArAdupajAyamAnA pratyabhijJA kathaM na pratyakSam ? bhedagrAhiNo vikalpavyatikrAntamUrtervizadadarzanasyApyakSaprabhavatvenaivA'dhyakSatvaM bhedavAdibhirapyabhyupagamyate tadatrApi samAnam / asadetat - yadyakSavyApArasamAsAditavapureSA pratItiH tathA sati prathamabhedadarzanakAla evAparadezabhedasamanvayisadrUpaparicchedo'stu / atha tadA smRtivirahAnaikatvAvagatiH, yadA tvaparadezabhedadarzanamupajAyate tadA pUrvadarzanAhitasaMskAraprabodhaprabhavasmRtisahakRtamindrianyadezagataghaTAdibheda' kA anugatatva svarUpa sambhava hI nahIM hai / yadi usa kA sambhava mAneMge to vaha anyadezagata ghaTAdibheda bhI usa kAla meM vahA~ dRzyasvabhAva se abhinna ho jAne kI vipadA hogii| yadi kaheM ki abhinna ho jAne meM koI pIDA nahIM hai taba to sarvatra bhedamAtra kA uccheda ho jAne se vaividhya lupta ho kara sArA jagat ekarasa bana jAyegA / phalata: vastuoM meM dezabheda-kAlabheda aura AkArabheda lupta ho jAyegA / darzana meM bhAsita hone vAlA jo eka deza ke bheda kA sadrUpa hai vaha anya bheda meM to rahatA nahIM isaliye vaha anyabheda lupta ho jAne kI vipadA hogI / yadi kaheM ki vahI sadrUpa 'anya bheda meM bhI rahatA hai' aisA bhAna hotA hai taba to sabhI dezoM ke bhedoM kA usa sadrUpa ke jariye pratibhAsa prasakta hogaa| arthAt sakala bhedoM kA eka sAtha anubhava hone kI Apatti hogii| anugata sadrUpatva kA anubhava asambhava __yadi anugatapratIti kI upapatti karane ke liye yaha kahA jAya - ''yadyapi eka deza ke bheda ke anubhavakAla meM anyadezagatabheda se sambaddha sadrUpatva kA anubhava nahIM hotA, kintu phira bhI jaba anyadezagata bheda anubhavagocara hotA hai usa kAla meM prathama dezagata sadrUpatva kA bhI bhAna hotA hai - isa taraha uttarakAla meM anugatAkAra abheda bodha ho skegaa|" - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki anyadeza ke bheda kA jaba anubhava hogA taba usI meM rahe hue sadrUpatA kA bhAna hogA, kintu usa meM rahe hue sadrUpatva kA aisA bhAna nahIM hogA ki yahI pUrvaupalabdha bheda meM bhI thaa| kAraNa, jaba anyadezagata bheda anubhavagocara ho rahA hai usa kAla meM pUrva deza ke bheda kA saMnidhAna na hone se pratibhAsa nahIM ho sakatA, ata: usa meM rahane vAlA sadrUpatva bhI darzanagocara hone kI zakyatA zUnya hai / aba dikhAIye ki ekadeza meM rahe hue sadrUpatva kA anubhava hote samaya anya anya dezagata bheda ke samanvaya karane vAle sadrUpatva kA, yAnI sarvadezagata bheda meM rahe hue sadrUpatva kA eka sAtha kaise anubhava ho sakatA hai ? ! _ *pratyabhijJA se, anugatasadrUpatva kA avagama azakya pUrvapakSI : bhinna bhinna dezoM meM rahe hue bhedoM meM anugatasvarUpa se rahA huA sadrUpatva spaSTa hI pratyabhijJA se lakSita hotA hai| uttarapakSI : yaha dikhAIye ki pratyabhijJA kyA hai ? pratyakSarUpa hI hai kyA ? yadi pratyakSarUpa hI hai taba

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312 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yamabhedadRzamupajanayati / - tadapyasat yataH smRtisahAyamapi locanaM puraH sannihita eva ghaTAdibhede tatkroDIkRtasadrUpatve ca pratipattiM janayitumalam na pUrvadarzanapratipanne bhedAntare, tasyA'saMnidhAnenA'tadviSayatvAt gandhasmRtisahakArilocanavat 'surabhi dravyam' iti pratipattiM gandhavadrvye / tanna sadrUpatvapratittiratra bhede sphuTavapuH pratipattimabhisandhatte / athendriyavRttiH na smaraNasamavAyinI karaNatvAt iti nAsau pratisandhAnavidhAyinI, puruSastu kartRtayA smRtisamavAyI tena cakSuSA parigate'rthe taddarzitapUrvabhedAtmasAtkRtasadrUpatvaM saMdhAsyati / tadapyasat, yataH so'pi na svatantratayaikatvaM pratipattuM samarthaH kintu darzanasavyapekSaH, darzanaM ca na pratyakSaM pUrvAparakAlabhAvyaparAparadezavyavasthitaghaTa-paTAdibhedakroDIkRtasanmAtrA'bhedagrahaNamiti na tadupAyataH AtmApyabhedapratipattisamarthaH / yadi punaH darzananirapekSa evAtmA abhedagrAhakaH syAt tadA svApa-mada-mUrchAdyavasthAyAmapi tasya sadbhAvAbhyupaga- mAdabhedapratipattirbhavet, na ca smaraNasavyapekSo'sau tadgrAhakaH smaraNasya bahirarthe prAto vaha saMnihitavastugrAhI hotA hai ata: usa meM sphurita hone vAlA sadrUpatva anya anya deza ke ghaTa-vasrAdi meM bhI anuyAyi = anugata hai, eka hai, yaha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? tAtparya, pratyabhijJA ko pratyakSarUpa nahIM mAna sakate / yadi koI bIca meM pUcha le ki - "indriyavyApAra se utpanna hone vAlA jJAna pratyakSa hotA hai, pratyabhijJA bhI usI se utpanna hotI hai to use pratyakSarUpa kyoM na mAnA jAya ? bhedavAdi (yAnI bauddhavAdI) bhI kalpanAmuktamUrttivAle bhedaprakAzaka vizada darzana ko indriyavyApArajanya hone ke kAraNa hI pratyakSarUpa mAnate haiM na ! to pratyabhijJA meM bhI samAnarUpa se indriyavyApArajanyatva ke jariye pratyakSarUpatA kyoM nahIM' ? - to kahanA hogA ki yaha prazna galata hai, yadi vAstava meM dUsare deza ke bheda meM pUrvadRSTa bheda ke anvayI sadrUpatva ko viSaya karane vAlI pratIti kA zarIra sirpha indriyavyApAra se hI janmA hotA to prathama dezagata bheda kA darzana bhI indriya vyApAra se hI janita hai to usI kAla meM anya dezagata bhedoM meM anvayi sadrUpatva kA bodha ho jAnA caahiye| yadi kaheM ki - "prathama dezagata bheda ke anubhavakAla meM uttarakAla meM dekhe jAne vAle bhedoM kI smRti na hone se una ke ekatva kA bhAna prathamadezagata bheda ke darzanakAla meM nahIM hotaa| tAtparya, jaba dUsarI bAra anya dezagata bheda kA darzana janma letA hai taba pUrvadarzana se utpanna saMskAroM ke jAgRta hone para utpanna hone vAlI pUrvadRSTa bheda kI smRti ke sahayoga se, yahA~ indriya ke dvArA abhedadarzana kA janma hotA hai|" - to yaha vidhAna bhI galata hai, cU~ki smRti kA sahayoga milane para bhI indriya apanI maryAdA kA bhaMga nahIM karegI, ata: locana to sanmukha rahe hue ghaTAdi bheda aura usa meM antargata sadrUpatva kA hI darzana utpanna karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai, pUrva darzana meM lakSita hone vAle anya bheda kA bodha vartamAna meM utpanna karane meM indriyasAmarthya nahIM hotA / kAraNa, usa kAla meM pUrvadRSTa bheda usa kA saMnihita na hone se usa kA viSaya banane kA saubhAgya usa meM nahIM hai / sugaMdhi dravya ke udAharaNa se yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai - sugandha kI smRti kA sahayoga rahane para bhI dUra se candanakASThadravya dRSTisamakSa A jAya to locana se 'sugandhi dravya' aisA pratyakSa nahIM hotA / arthAt usa dravya ke sAtha sAtha sugandha kA bhI (jaisA nAsikA se hotA hai vaisA) pratyakSAnubhava zakya nahIM hai| sArAMza, pratyabhijJA ko pratyakSarUpa mAnane para athavA smRti sahayukta pratyakSarUpa mAnane para bhI anyadezagata bheda ke anubhavagocara hote huye pUrva bhedAnvayi sadrUpatva kA bhAna sAtha sAtha hone kI bAta anubhavasiddha nahIM hai|

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 mANyAnupapatteH / gRhItArthAdhyavasAyi hi smaraNam na cAbhedaH pUrvAparAdhyakSAdhigataH iti na smaraNasyApi tatra pravRttiryuktimatI / na ca pratyabhijJAnasavyapekSo'sau tatra pravarttate iti kalpanA saMgatA, pratyabhijJAjJAnasya dezabhinnaghaTa-paTAdipariSvakkasadrUpAbhedAvagamahetutvena niSiddhatvAt [311-5] na cAtmano'pi vyApitvaM siddham tasya pUrvaM niSiddhatvAt [ prathamakhaMDe ] / tana dezA'bhedAdabhedaH sanmAtrasya kutazcit pramANAdavagantuM zakyaH / nApi pUrvAparakAlasambandhitvaM sanmAtrasyAbhedaH pratyakSaviSayaH / tathAhi - pratyakSaM pUrvAparaviviktavarttamAnamAtraparicchedasvabhAvaM na kAlAntaraparigatimudyotayituM prabhuriti na tadavaseyo'bhedaH / adhyakSamAtraparigatameva vasturUpaM gRhyate iti tadevAstu / tathAhi - upalambhaH sattocyate upalabdhi sarvAkSAnvayA varttamAnameva rUpamudbhAsayati akSasya varttamAna eva vyApAropalambhAt tadanusAriNI cAdhyakSapratItirakSagocarameva padArthasvarUpamudbhAsayituM prabhuriti darzanaviSayo varttamAnamAtraM saditi sthitam / athApi syAt yadyapyakSAnusAriNI darzanodbhede sAmpratikarUpapratibhAsastathApi kathamadhyakSAvaseyaH pUrvAparakSaNabhedaH ? madhya abhedAnusandhAna ke liye AtmA asamartha 313 pUrvapakSI : indriya kA vyApAra karaNa hai, karaNa phalotpAdaka hotA hai kintu phalAzraya = phalasamavAyi nahIM hotA, ataH vaha smaraNa kA bhI samavAyI nahIM hotA / yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha pUrvApara bhedoM ke ekatva kA pratisandhAna kara nahIM pAtA / kintu puruSa = AtmA to svayaM karttArUpa meM smaraNa kA upAdAna kAraNa hone se samavAyi hai, pahale AtmA meM eka bheda kA darzana huA aura bAda meM dUsare bheda ke darzana kAla meM pUrvadRSTabheda kA smaraNa huA taba AtmA darzanagRhIta artha aura pUrvadRSTa artha ke abheda kA yAnI anvayi sadrUpatva kA anusaMdhAna kara sakegA / uttarapakSI : yaha vaktavya galata hai / kAraNa, AtmA bhI svatantrarUpa se ekatva = abheda kA anusaMdhAna karane meM sakSama nahIM hai, karegA to bhI darzana ke sahayoga se hI karegA / vaha darzana aisA pratyakSa nahIM hai ki jo pUrvadezasthita aura aparadezasthita ghaTa - vastrAdi bhAvoM meM antargata sanmAtrarUpa se abheda kA grahaNa kara sake, kyoMki pUrvadRSTa padArtha usa kA viSaya hI nahIM hai / phalataH darzana ke sahayoga se bhI AtmA abhedAnusaMdhAna ke liye sakSama nahIM ho sakatA / yadi darzana ke sahayoga ke vinA svatantrarUpa se hI AtmA abhedagrahaNa ke liye sakSama ho jAya taba to nidrA-nazA aura behozI kI dazA meM bhI AtmA maujUda rahane se abheda kA anusaMdhAna jArI rahanA cAhiye / smaraNa ke sahayoga se bhI vaha abhedagrAhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki smaraNa bAhyArtha ke viSaya meM pramANa nahIM mAnA jAtA / smaraNa se kabhI bAhyArtha kI siddhi nahIM hotI / smaraNa to pUrvadRSTa artha kA adhyavasAyi hotA hai / abheda to na pUrvadarzana se dRSTa hai na uttaradarzana se, ataH usa ke grahaNa ke liye smaraNa kI pravRtti yuktibAhya hai / 'pratyabhijJA ke sahayoga se AtmA abhedagrAhI ho sake' aisI sambhAvanA bhI saMgata nahIM hai| kAraNa, pratyabhijJAjJAna meM vibhinnadezavarttI ghaTa-vastrAdi antargata sadrUpatAtmaka abhedajJAna kI hetutA kA abhI niSedha kiyA huA hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki . " AtmA vyApaka hone se ekadezagata bheda aura anyadezagata bheda donoM kA eka sAtha darzana to yaha bhI galata kalpanA hai kyoMki pahale (khaMDa meM) hI usa kI vyApakatA niSkarSa, deza- abheda se sanmAtra bhAvoM kA abheda kisI bhI pramANa kara ke abhedAnusaMdhAna kara sakegA ' kA niSedha kiyA jA cukA hai /

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314 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam makSaNasya paramANoraNvantarAtyayakAlatulitamUrtiH kSaNabhedaH sa cAdhyakSasya madhyakSaNadarzitve'pi na tadgamyaH siddhayati / na sadetat - yato yasya na pUrvatvam nApyaparakAlasambandhaH samasti sa parAkRtapUrvAparavibhAgaH kSaNabhedavyavahAramAsAdayati, na hi pUrvAparakAlasthAyitayA'gRhyamANo bhAvo'bhedavyapadezabhAg bhvti| kAlAntaravyApitAmanubhavanto hi bhAvAH 'nityAH amedino vA' iti vyapadezabhAktvamAsAdayanti / na ca tatrAdhyakSapratyayaH pravarttate, bhAvi-bhUtakAlamAnatAyAmanusmRtyoreva vyApAradarzanAt / tathAhi - 'idaM pUrva dRSTam' iti smaramadhyavasyati janastathAsthirAvasthAdarzanAt / bhAvikAlasthitimadhigacchatyanumAnAt darzanapathamavatarato'rthasyeti na parisphuTasaMvedanaparicchedyaH kAlabhedaH / na hi bhUtAvasthA bhAvikAlatA vA sphuTadRzAM viSaya iti kathamadhyakSagamyo'bhedaH ? nanu kSaNabhedo'pi na saMvidollikhyata iti kathaM tadgrAhyaH ? asadetat - yato'bhedaviparyAsaH kSaNabheda ucyate, kAlAntarasthitiviparyAse ca madhyakSaNasattvameva gRhNatA pratyakSeNa kathaM na kSaNabhedo'dhise anubhavagocara hone kI zakyatA nahIM hai| abhedasAdhaka pUrvAparakAlasambandhitA asiddha 'deza-abheda se abheda' ke asambhava kI taraha kAlAbheda yAnI pUrvAparakAlasambandhitA ke AdhAra para sanmAtra ke abheda kI siddhi bhI asambhava hai kyoMki vaha pratyakSagamya nahIM hai / dekho-pratyakSa kA svabhAva hai pUrvAparakAla ke bAre meM cuppI sAdha kara sirpha vartamAna vastu ko prakAzita karanA / ata: vaha eka vastu kI anyakAla meM vyApakatA ko prakAzita kara nahIM sakatA, taba usa se kAlAbheda se vastu-abheda kA avagama kaise ho sakegA ? pratyakSa to sirpha apane kAla meM vyApta vasturUpa ko hI grahaNa karatA hai isa liye vahI rUpa satya mAnanA hogA na ki abheda / dekhiye - jo vastu sat hotI hai usa kA sattva (= sattA) kyA hai ? usa vastu kA upalaMbha hI usa kA sattva hai / eka eka indriyoM se jisa jisa vastu kA upalambha hotA hai una sabhI meM vartamAna vastu ke prakAzana meM hI indriya samartha hotI hai / ata: indriyavyApAra se utpanna pratyakSapratIti meM indriyagocara padArthasvarUpa ko prakAzita karane kA hI sAmarthya hotA hai / isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki darzana kA viSaya jo vartamAna mAtra hai vahI sat hai, abheda pUrvAparakAlAvalambi hone ke kAraNa sat nahIM hai| AzaMkA : indriyavyApArAnusArI darzana kA udaya hone para sAmpratakAlIna rUpa kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai yaha ThIka hai, kintu Apa ke bhedavAda meM bhI pUrvAparapakSaNabheda pUrvAparakSaNAvalambI hai aura pUrvApara kSaNa to indriyagocara nahIM hai to pUrvAparakSaNabheda kaise pratyakSagamya mAnA jAya ? madhyamakSaNa ke paramANu ko eka aNuparimANa kSetra meM gati karane ke liye jitanA kAla vyatIta ho vahI kSaNabheda hai / pratyakSa meM madhyamakSaNa kA darzana hone para bhI kSaNabheda kA darzana nahIM hotA hai| uttara : yaha vaktavya yathArtha nahIM hai / kSaNabheda kA vyavahAra to isa prakAra hotA hai ki jisa kI hastI pUrva meM na ho aura uttarakSaNa ke sAtha bhI jisa kA sambandha na ho vahI kSaNa bheda hai / pratyakSa meM jisake pUrvApara kSaNa nahIM bhAsate aisA hI kSaNabheda prakAzita hotA hai / pUrvApara kAla meM sthAyi astitva rUpa se jo gRhIta na hotA ho aisA bhAva abhedavyavahArazAli nahIM hotA / jina bhAvoM kI kAlAntarasthAyitA anubhavagocara hotI ho unhI bhAvoM kA 'nitya' athavA 'abhinna' padoM se vyavahAra hotA hai, kintu pratyakSapratIti kAlAntaragrahaNa ke

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dvitIya; khaNDa:-kA0-3 315 gataH ? atha yadi nAmAdhyakSadhIrabhedaM nAdhigacchati tadutthApitamanumAnaM tu pratyAyayiSyati / tathAhi - sthirAvasthAmarthAnAmupalabhya varSAdisthitimadhicchanti vyavahAriNaH 'yato yadi dhvaMsaheturasya na saMnihito bhavet tadA varSAdikameSa sthAsyati' / iti, ato yasya sahetuko vinAzaH tasya taddhetusaMnidhAnamantareNa sthitisadbhAvaH iti kAlabhedaH yasya tu mandarAde zaheturna vidyate sa sarvadA sthitimanubhavatItyubhayathApyabhedo'numAnAvaseyaH / asadetat - yato yatrAdhyakSaM na pravRttam nApi pravarttate nApi pravartiSyate abhede na tatrAnumitiH pravartate / na ca kAlAntarasthAyI bhAvo'kSajapratyayenAvagataH yadi punarvarttamAnakAlatAvabhAsyakSajapratyayaH kAlAntarasthitimavabhAsayati tadA spaSTagavagata evAbheda iti kimanumAnena ? atha kAlAntarabhAvinA'dhyakSeNa kAlAntarasthitiradhigamyate / taMdapyayuktam yata uttarakAlabhAvyapi darzanaM tatkAlamevArthamadhigantuM prabhurna pUrvasattAvagAhIti kathaM tadapyabhedAvabhAsi ? na ca vartamAnAdhyakSeNa pratibhAti vastuni atItAdikAlasambandhitAdhigama vinA tadabhedAvagamaH sambhavati / liye pravarttamAna nahIM hotI, bhUtakAla ke grahaNa meM smRti aura bhaviSyakAla ke grahaNa ke liye anumAna kI hI pravRtti hotI dikhAI detI hai| kaise yaha suniye - pUrvApara kAla meM sthAyi-avasthAvAle artha ke darzana se jJAtA ko 'yaha pahale dekhA thA' aisA smRtigarbhita bhUtakAlasaMbandhi adhyavasAya hotA hai / tathA darzana ke viSaya bane hue padArtha kI bhAvikAlasthiti kA bodha anumAna se hotA hai / kintu spaSTasaMvedanAtmaka darzana se kabhI kAlabheda kA bodha nahIM hotA / jaba vastu kI bhUtakAlIna evaM bhAvikAlIna sthiti spaSTadarzana kA viSaya hI nahIM hai to una se milita abheda kaise pratyakSagamya ho sakatA hai ?! pratyakSajanya anumAna se abhedagraha azakya prazna : Apa kahate haiM abheda kA ullekha pratyakSa meM nahIM hotA, to kSaNabheda kA bhI ullekha saMvedana meM nahIM hotA phira kaise usa ko pratyakSagrAhya kaheMge ? uttara : prazna galata hai, kyoMki abheda kA viparyAsa yAnI abheda se ulTA hai vahI kSaNabheda kahA jAtA hai / kAlAntarasthiti to pratyakSagamya nahIM hai, taba usa kA viparyAsa hI gRhIta rahanA cAhiye ata: madhyakSaNa ke sattva kA pratyakSa se grahaNa hotA hai vahI kSaNabheda kA grahaNa kaise nahIM hai ?! ___ AzaMkA : pratyakSabuddhi bhale abheda kA ullekha na kara sake, kiMtu pratyakSajanya anumAna se to usa kI pratIti ho sakatI hai| kaise yaha dekhiye - vyavahArI jana padArthoM kI sthirAvasthA ko pratyakSa se dekhate haiM, dekhakara anumAna se patA lagA lete haiM ki yaha cIja eka yA do sAla... yAvat zAzvatakAla taka rahegI / jaise: agara isa cIja kA vinAzaka hetu jaba taka prApta nahIM huA taba taka yaha cIja (AcAra-murabbA Adi) varSa deDha varSa taka calegI / isa prakAra yaha sAmAnya se bhI anumAna karate haiM ki jisa cIja kA vinAza kAraNAdhIna hai vaha vinAzakakAraNa kI prApti na ho taba taka sthitidhArI rahegA - yahI kAlAbheda kA anumAna hai / meruparvata Adi jisa kA koI vinAzakAraNa tInoM kAla meM nahIM hai, vaha zAzvata kAla ke liye sthitidhArI rahegA / yaha bhI kAlAbhedagrahaNa hI hai| donoM meM anumAna se kAlAbheda kA hI ullekha hotA hai| uttara : yaha bhI galata vaktavya hai, kyoMki jisa cIja kA (yAnI kAlAntara kA) ullekha karane ke liye pratyakSa kI pravRtti na kabhI bhUtakAla meM huI, na vartamAna meM hotI hai, na bhaviSya meM bhI hogI usa cIja yAnI kAlAntara-abheda ke grahaNa meM anumAna kI pravRtti bhI nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki pUrvakAla meM pratyakSagRhIta vastu

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam na cAdhyakSaM pUrvAparasamayasamanvayamarthasattvamaviSayatvAdadhigantumakSamamiti na tad udbhAsayIti saMdeha eva yuktaH nAsattvamiti vaktavyam yata ubhayAvalambI saMdeha ubhayadarzane satyupajAyate yathA UrdhvatAvagamAt pUrvadRSTau eva sthANu- puruSau parAmRzan saMdehaH pratibhAti / na ca kAlAntarasthAyitvaM kadAcidapyavagatam, tat kutastatra saMdehaH ? yaH punarbhavatAM 'kAlAntarasthAyi' iti saMdehaH sa sadRzAparAparArthakriyAkAripadArthAn saMspRzati, 'te ca tathA kvacid dRSTAH kvacid na' ityubhayAvalambI saMdeho yuktastatra iti yat pratibhAti tat sakalaM kSaNAntarasthitivirahitamiti padArthAnAM siddhaH kSaNabhedaH / 316 atha dhvaMsahetusaMnidhivikalo'dhyakSagocarAtikrAnto'pi padArthastiSThati iti kathaM kSaNabhedaH ? tathAhi yadyapyadhyakSodayo pUrvAparakAlasaMsparzI tathApi tasyaiva "tatrA'sAmarthyAd na kSaNA'bhedagrAhitvam, tadabhAvastu nAbhyupagaMtuM yuktaH, na hi grahaNAbhAvAdeva arthA na santi - atiprasaMgAt / asadetat, yataH 'sthiramasthiratayA ACT hI kAlAntara meM anumAna se bodha hotA hai / 'bhAva kAlAntarasthAyI hai' aisA bodha kabhI pratyakSAnubhava meM huA nahIM hai / are, varttamAnakAlInatva kA prakAzaka indriyajanya bodha ( = pratyakSa ) yadi bhAva kI kAlAntarasthiti ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai - aisA Apa mAnate haiM taba to pratyakSa se hI abheda jJAta ho jAyegA, phira anumAna kI jarUra kyA ? yadi kaheM ki 'isa kAla meM pratyakSa se kAlAntarasthiti kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA kintu kAlAntarabhAvi pratyakSa se to ho sakatA hai na !' to yaha bhI anucita hai, kyoMki uttarakAlabhAvi darzana usa kAlAntarabhAvi padArtha ko jaba grahaNa karatA hai taba vaha padArtha varttamAnakSaNabhAvI hI hotA hai kAlAntarabhAvI nahIM ataH usa kAla meM bhI pratyakSa varttamAnakSaNa ke grahaNa meM hI sakSama hotA hai na ki kAlAntara bhAvi artha ke / to aba boliye ki kAlAntarabhAvi adhyakSa bhI kaise abhedagrAhI hogA ?! vAstava meM to varttamAna pratyakSa se jisa vastu kA bhAna hotA hai usa vastu ke atItAdikAla ke sambandha kA grahaNa huye vinA usa ke abheda kA bodha asambhava hai / kAlAntarasthAyitva meM saMdehaviSayatA bhI azakya - AzaMkA : pUrvAparakSaNoM meM samanvita arthasattA adhyakSa kA viSaya na hone ke kAraNa adhyakSa usa graha meM sakSama nahIM hai isa liye usa se usa kA udbhAsana nahIM hotA, kintu itane mAtra se pUrvApara kSaNoM meM arthasattA kA abhAva nizcita na hone se saMdeha to ho sakatA hai / uttara : yaha vaktavya ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, saMdeha pakSa vipakSobhayAvalambI hotA hai aura vaha bhI una donoM kA pUrva meM alaga alaga darzana ho cukA rahA ho tabhI hotA hai - udA0 puruSa aura ThUMTha kabhI pahale dekhe ho, bAda meM dUra se kabhI uccatA kA darzana hone para yaha saMdeha hotA hai ki vaha 'puruSa hai yA ThUMTha hai ?!' prastuta meM 'pUrvAparakAlasthAyitA hai yA nahIM' athavA 'vastu pUrvAparakAlasthAyi hai yA pUrvAparakAlaasthAyi hai' aisA saMdeha saMbhavita nahIM hai kyoMki kAlAntarasthAyitva pahale kabhI bhI jJAta nahIM hai to phira saMdeha kaise hogA ? hA~, Apa ko jo kAlAntarasthApitA kA saMdeha hotA hai vaha to samAna rUpa-raMga-AkAra arthakriyA vAle apara apara padArtha ko viSaya karane vAlA hotA hai / matalaba yaha hai ki kabhI kabhI kahIM para samAna apara apara padArthoM kA niraMtara * 'tatrApi sA0' iti pUrvamudrite, atra tu limbaDI - AdarzAnusArI pAThaH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 317 vastu akSaje pratibhAse pratibhAti, utA'sthiram,' iti saMdeha eva yuktaH / api ca sthiramUrtiryadyasau bhAvaH kathamasthiratayA dRkprabhave darzane'vabhAseta ? na hi zuklaM vastu pItatayA parisphuTe'duSTAkSaje pratyaye pratibhAti, tayoH parasparavirodhAt / evaM na sthiramasthiratayA parisphuTadarzane pratibhAseta(s)to'sthiratayA pratibhAsanAdadhyakSagRhIta eva kSaNabhedo bhAvAnAm / na cApekSitahetusannidhirbhAvAnAM vinAzaH tadabhAve na bhavatIti 'sthAyino bhAvA' iti vaktuM yuktam - yato na nAzahetusteSAM sambhavati adarzanasyaivAbhAvarUpatvAt / Aha ca 'anupalabdhirasattA' [ ] iti / pratibhAsamAne ca puro vyavasthite vastuni pUrvApararUpayoradarzanamastIti kathaM dhvaMsasya mudrAdihetutvam mudrAdyantareNApyadarzanasya sambhavAt / na ca tadAnImadarzanameva nAbhAva iti, mudravyApArAnantaraM tu ghaTAderabhAvaH nA'darzanamAtram / yataH koyamabhAvo nAma - astamayaH arthakriyAbiraho vA ? yadyastamayaH tadA paryAyabheda udbhava dikhatA hai aura kahIM para nahIM dikhatA - isa liye vaisA saMdeha avyutpanna ko honA sahaja hai / niSkarSa yahI hai ki darzana pUrvAparakSaNa se aspRSTa kSaNamAtra ko viSaya karatA hai isa liye sakala vastu kSaNAntarasthiti se mukta hai arthAt padArthamAtra kA kSaNabheda siddha hotA hai / AzaMkA : kSaNabheda siddhi ko aba bhI avakAza nahIM hai kyoMki aisA bhI padArtha hotA hai jo vinAzaka sAmagrI se bahuta dUra hotA hai aura pratyakSa kI pahu~ca se bAhara hotA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - hAlA~ ki pratyakSa pUrvAparakAlAvagAhI nahIM hotA, kintu isI liye to, yAnI pratyakSa meM pUrvAparakSaNagrahaNasAmarthya na hone se hI una kSaNo meM vastu kA abheda bhI grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA / agara itane mAtra se kaha diyA jAya ki kSaNAbheda kA abhAva siddha ho gayA to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki kisI vastu kA grahaNa na hone mAtra se usa kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotA / anyathA bahuta cIjoM (hRdayAdi) kA grahaNa nahIM hone se una kA bhI abhAva mAna lenA paDegA / ___uttara : yaha vaktavya galata hai| kAraNa, vastu kI pratIti sadA kSaNamAtrAnuviddha hI hotI hai isa liye vahA~ saMdeha ho sakatA hai to aisA hI ho sakatA hai ki 'kyA yahA~ sthira vastu asthirarUpa se pratyakSa meM bhAsita hotI hai yA asthira vastu hI usa rUpa se bhAsita hotI hai ?' isa saMdeha kA nirAkaraNa bhI socane para ho jAtA hai - bhAva kI mUrti yadi sthira hai to vaha netrajanya pratyakSa meM asthira rUpa se kisa taraha pratibimbita ho sakatI hai ? spaSTa evaM nirdoSanetrajanya pratyakSa meM kabhI bhI sapheda cIja kA pIlerUpa se pratibhAsa nahIM hotA, kyoMki zveta-pIta rUpoM meM paraspara-parihAra svarUpa virodha hai / pariNAma, vastu yadi sthira ho to asthirarUpa se usa kA spaSTa pratyakSa meM pratibhAsa zakya hI nahIM hai kyoMki sthira-asthira parasparaviruddha hai / dUsarI ora vastu kA asthirarUpa se (pUrvAparakSaNamukta kSaNamAtra kA) pratibhAsa prasiddha hai, ata eva padArthoM kA kSaNabheda siddha ho jAtA hai / nAzahetuviraha meM sthAyitva-siddhi kI AzA vyartha yadi yaha kahA jAya - bhAvoM kA vinAza hetusaMnidhisApekSa hai, jaba taka hetu saMnihita nahIM hote taba taka usa kA dhvaMsa nahIM hotA ata eva 'bhAva sthAyI haiM' yaha kahA jA sakatA hai - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki 'vinAza hetusApekSa hai' aisI bAta asaMgata hai, vAstava meM to bhAva kA adarzana hI usa kA nAzasvarUpa abhAva hai / kahA gayA hai ki 'anupalabdhi yAnI asattA' / jo vartamAna meM saMmukhasthita bhAva dikhAI detA hai usa meM pUrva yA bhAvi rUpa kA darzana nahIM hotA / phira pUrva bhAva ke abhAva ko yAnI dhvaMsa ko mogaraAdi

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318 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam eva 'adarzanam abhAvaH' iti / arthakriyAvirahopyabhAva eva, sa ca paridRzyamAnasya 'nAsti' ityadarzanayogya eva vidyate / tathA cAdarzanamevAbhAvaH bhAvA'darzanasvarUpo nAzaH mudrAdivyApArAt prAgapi bhAvasyAstIti na tajjanyo dhvaMsa iti 'adRzyamAnopyasti' iti viruddhamabhihitaM syAt / yadapi mudrapAtAnantaramadarzane na punaH kenacid dRzyate ghaTAdiH, akSavyApArAbhAve tu narAntaradarzane pratibhAti tathA svayamapyakSavyApAre punarupalabhyate, mudravyApAravelAyAM tu cakSurunmIlane'pi na svayaM puruSAntareNa vA gRhyata iti tadaiva tasya nAzaH iti tadapyasaMgatam - yataH punadarzanaM kiM pUrvadRSTasya utAnyasyeti kalpanAdvayam / yadi pUrvAdhigatasyaivottarakAladarzanam tadA siddhayatyabhedaH kiMtu 'tasyaivottaradarzanam' ityatra na pramANamasti / athAparasya darzanam na tIbhedaH / atha yadanavaratamavicchedena grahaNaM tadeva sthAyitvagrahaNam / nanvavicchedadarzanaM nAmAnanyadarzanam taccA'siddham parasparA'saGghaTitavarttamAnasamayahetuka kyoM mAnA jAya ? dhvaMsa to usa kA mogara Adi ke vyApAra ke vinA hI adarzana mAtra se sambhavita AzaMkA : vartamAna meM pUrvabhAva kA adarzana hotA hai, lekina abhAva nahIM hotA, mogara prahAra ke pazcAt usa kA sirpha adarzana hI nahIM hotA abhAva bhI hotA hai / ___ uttara : aisA nahIM hai, Apa adarzana se abhAva ko alaga mAnate haiM to kahiye ki abhAva kyA hotA hai - 'bhAva kA asta ho jAnA' yA 'arthakriyAzUnya ho jAnA' ? 'asta ho jAnA' 'darzana na honA' aura 'abhAva honA' ye to eka hI bAta hai sirpha zabdabheda hai| 'arthakriyAzUnyatA' rUpa jo abhAva hai usa kA bhI yahI matalaba hai ki vartamAna meM dikhAI denevAle bhAva meM pUrvakAlIna arthakriyA nahIM hai athavA vaha aba darzanayogya nahIM hai yAnI adarzanayogya hai / isakA bhI matalaba yahI huA ki adarzana hI abhAva hai / aisA 'bhAva kA adarzana' svarUpa jo nAza hai vaha to mogaraprahAra ke pahale bhI vidyamAna hai isa se hI phalita hotA hai ki mogaraprahAra nAzahetu nahIM hai / aura jo kahA ki 'adarzana hai kintu abhAva nahIM hai' yaha bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki 'dikhatA nahIM phira bhI maujUda hai' aisA kahane meM virodha spaSTa hai / mudraghAtAdikAla meM hI nAza kA abhyupagama aprAmANika* AzaMkA :- adarzana aura abhAva bhitra bhinna haiM / mogara prahAra ke pazcAt ghaTa kisI ko bhI nahIM dikhAI detA, jaba ki apanI dRSTi ghaTa ke Upara se viMca lene ke bAda bhI anya puruSa ko usakA darzana hotA hai tathA apanI dRSTi puna: vahA~ le jAne para apane ko bhI phira se usakA darzana hotA hai / mogaraprahAra ho gayA taba to dRSTi vahA~ DAlane para bhI apane ko yA dUsare kisI ko usa kA darzana nahIM hotA / isa se phalita hotA hai ki sirpha adarzana abhAva nahIM hai kintu mogara-prahAra kAla meM honevAlA nAza abhAva hai / uttara :- yaha vidhAna asaMgata hai / kAraNa, yahA~ do vikalpa prazna haiM ki jo puna: dRSTi DAlane para dikhatA hai vaha pUrva dRSTa hI hai yA anya hai ? hA~, yadi pUrva meM dekhA thA usI ko phira se dekhate ho, taba to abheda siddha ho sakatA hai, kintu isa bAta meM koI pramANa nahIM hai ki pUrva meM dekhA thA usakA hI phira se darzana hotA hai / yadi pUrva kA darzana na ho kara dUsare kA hI darzana hotA hai taba to abhedasiddhi niravakAza hai / / "jo nirantara avicchedarUpa se yAnI bIca meM kahIM dRSTi haThAye binA eka cIja dikhatI hai yahI to sthAyitva

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 319 sambaddhapadArthapratibhAsanAt / atha varttamAnadarzane pUrvarUpagrahaNam, nanu na pratyakSeNa pUrvarUpagrahaNam tatra vartamAne grahaNapravRttasya tasya pUrvatrA'pravarttanAt / na cApravarttamAnaM tat tatra tadavicchedaM svAvabhAsino'vagamayituM samartham yena nityatAdhigatirbhavet / varttamAnagrahaNaparyavasitaM hyadhyakSaM tatkAlArthaparicchedakameva, na pUrvAparayostena ekatA'dhigantuM zakyA / na smRtireva pUrvarUpatAM tatra saMghaTayati, sA ca svagrahaNaparyava - sitavyApAratvAd bahirarthamanudbhAsayantI na pUrvAparayostattva saMghaTanakSamA / tatra nirantaradarzane'pyabhedAvagati radhyakSataH / na ca pUrvAparadarzanayorabhedapratipattAvasAmarthye'pyAtmA varttamAnasamayasaMgatasya pUrvakAlatAmadhigacchati, darzanarahitasya svApAdyavasthAsviva tasyApyabhedapratipatisAmarthyavikalatvAt / pratyakSA ca saMvid na pUrvApa - rayorvarttate tadapravRttau cAnumAnamapi na tatra pravarttitumutsahate, smaraNasya ca prAmANyamatiprasaMgato'nupapannamiti nAtmApi sthAyitAmadhigacchati / na cAtmanopyAtmA kAlAntarAnugatimavagamayati, varttamAnakAkA darzana hai" aisA kahane para kahanA paDegA ki avicchedarUpa se eka cIja kA darzana kaho yA ananyadarzana kaho isa meM to kucha pharka nahIM lekina vahI kahA~ siddha hai ? eka-dUsare se amilita aise varttamAnakSaNasambaddha hI padArtha pratyakSa meM dikhAI detA hai / yadi aisA hI kahA jAya ki jaba varttamAnasambaddha padArtha ko dekhate haiM taba usameM pUrvagRhItarUpa bhI dikhatA hai - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki varttamAnasamayasambaddha vastu ko dekha kara dRSTA usI ke grahaNa meM sakriya hotA hai, pUrvagRhItarUpa ke grahaNa meM sakriya nahIM hotA, isa se yahI phalita hotA hai ki pratyakSa se pUrvagRhItarUpa kA grahaNa nahIM hotA / jaba pratyakSa pUrvagRhIta rUpa ke grahaNa meM pravRtta hI nahIM hotA taba avicchedarUpa se apane viSaya ko prakAzita karane meM bhI vaha samartha nahIM ho pAtA, yadi samartha hotA taba to nityatva siddha ho jAtA / hakIkata yaha hai ki varttamAna kAla ke grahaNa meM hI samartha hone vAlA pratyakSa sirpha varttamAnakAlIna artha kA hI bodhaka ho sakatA hai, pUrva uttara bhAvoM kI ekatA ko prakAzita karane kI guMjAIza usameM nahIM hotI / smRti se bhI pUrvarUpatA kA saMyojana sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha to apane viSaya ke grahaNa meM rakta rahatI hai, bAhyArtha kI ora dekhatI bhI nahIM, taba vaha pUrvadRSTa aura varttamAnakAlIna bAhyArtha kA ekIkaraNa kaise karegI ? sArAMza, kucha kAla taka nirantara darzana ke AdhAra para bhI pratyakSa se abheda kA bodhana duSkara hai / AtmA ke dvArA abheda pratipatti azakya - yadi kahA jAya pUrvadarzana aura uttara darzana anyonyavyApaka na hone se vastu ke abheda prakAzana meM akSama hone para bhI, atmA hai jo varttamAna samayavartti artha meM pUrvakAlavRttitva kA anusaMdhAna kara letA hai to yaha bhI zakya nahIM hai / kAraNa, nidrAdiavasthA meM AtmA ko kisI bhI vastu kA bhAna nahIM rahatA isa se itanA to nizcita hai ki darzana ke vinA vaha akelA svayaM vastu-bodha kara lene ke liye asamartha hai, aura yaha bhI hai ki darzana se abhedagrahaNa nahIM hotA hai; to usake AdhAra para AtmA bhI abhedagrahaNa ke liye kaise samartha hogA ? pratyakSa saMvedana pUrvakSaNa aura uttarakSaNa meM ekarUpa nahIM hone se vaha jaba pUrva - uttara bhAva kI ekatA dikhAne meM asamartha hai taba pratyakSa ke AdhAra para pravRtta hone vAlA anumAna bhI ekatA ke prakAzana meM sakSama nahIM ho sakatA / smRti yadi pramANabhUta mAnI jAyegI to usase atIta meM pravRtti hone kI Apatti kA atiprasaMga hogA, ataH vaha pramANa nahIM hai isaliye usa se pUrvakSaNa- uttarakSaNa meM ananya sthAyI AtmA bhI siddha honA zakya Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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320 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam laparigatasyaiva parisphuTarUpatayA tasyApi pratibhAsanAt / na ca svasaMvideva AtmanaH sthAyitAmudbhAsayati, atItAnAgatasakaladazAvedanaprasakteH atItA'nAgatajanmaparamparAparicchedaH syAt / na cAtItAnAgatAvasthA tatsaMvedane na pratibhAti tatsambandhI tu pumA~statrAvabhAsata iti vaktuM kSamam, yatastadavasthA'navagame tadvyApitayA tasyApyanavagamAt / vartamAnadazA hi svasaMvedane pratibhAtIti tatpariSvaktamevAtmasvarUpa tadviSayaH, bhUta-bhAvidazAnAM tu tatrApratibhAsane tadgatatvenAtmanopyapratibhAsanamiti na svasaMvedanAdapi tadabhedapratipattiH / atha pratyabhijJA padArthAnAM sthAyitAlakSaNamabhedamavagamayati / nanu keyaM pratyabhijJA ? atha 'sa evAyam' iti nirNayaH / nanvayamapi pratyakSam anumAnaM vA ? na tAvat pratyakSam, vikalparUpatvAt / nApyanumAnam, avagatapratibaddhaliMgAnudbhUtatvAt / na cAkSavyApAre sati 'sa evAyam' iti pUrvAparatAmullikhan pratyayaH samupajAyate iti kathaM nAkSajaH iti vaktavyam, akSANAM paurvAparye'pravRtteH / pUrvAparasambandhavikale vartamAnamAtre'rthe'kSaM pravartata iti tadananusAryapi darzanaM tatraiva pravRttimat nAtItAnAgatayoriti na tatastadvedanam / na ca 'pUrvadRSTamidaM pazyAmi' ityadhyavasAyAdatItasamayaparipvaktabhAvavedanamiti yuktam, yataH nahIM hai| are ! AtmA ko to yaha bhI patA nahIM calatA ki 'ananya kAla meM maiM maujUda thA yA raha~gA , kyoMki AtmA bhI sadaiva vartamAnakAla se anuSakta hI sphuTarUpa se saMvidita hotA hai / yadi kaheM ki - AtmaviSayaka saMvedana AtmA ke sthAyitva kA prakAzana karatA hai- to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yadi AtmasaMvedana meM bhUta-bhAvikAla avasthA kA dyotana hogA to samasta bhUta bhAvikAla avasthA ke saMvedana kI Apatti AyegI, phalata: bhUta-bhaviSya ke samasta janma-janmAntara paramparA kA bodha prasakta hogA / aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki - AtmasaMvedana meM bhUta-bhAvi sarvaavasthA saMvidita nahIM hotI kintu sirpha bhUta-bhAvikAla sambaddha AtmA hI saMvidita hotA hai- aisA kaheMge to parva-uttara avasthAoM meM vyApakatA kA bodha na hone se pUrva-uttarakAla meM AtmA kI vyApakatA kA bhI bodha siddha nahIM ho sakegA / vAstava meM AtmasaMvedana meM vartamAnakAlIna avasthA kA hI anubhava hotA hai isaliye vartamAnakAlAnuSakta AtmasvarUpa hI AtmasaMvedana ke viSayarUpa meM siddha ho sakatA hai / bhUta-bhAvi avasthA AtmasaMvedana meM anubhavagocara nahIM hotI to una avasthA se sambaddha AtmA kA bhI pratibhAsa nahIM ho sakatA, phalata: AtmasaMvedana se AtmA ke abheda kI siddhi bhI nahIM ho sktii| *pratyabhijJA se abhedagrahaNa asambhava AzaMkA :- padArthoM kI sthAyitA yAnI abheda kA udbhAsana pratyabhijJA karatI hai / 'pratyabhijJA kyA hai' prazna kA uttara hai ki 'vahI hai yaha aisA nizcaya / uttara :- vaisA nizcaya pratyakSAtmaka hai yA anumAnAtmaka ye do vikalpa prazna haiM / nizcaya to kalpanAtmaka hai ata: pratyakSarUpa nahIM ho sakatA / anumAnAtmaka bhI nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki usakA udbhava prasiddhavyAptivAle liMga ke dvArA nahIM huaa| prazna :- dRSTi ko padArtha ke sAtha milAne para 'vahI hai yaha' yaha pratIti hotI hai jisa meM spaSTa pUrvAparatA kA ullekha rahatA hai to isako kyoM indriyajanya pratyakSa na mAnA jAya ? uttara :- nahIM mAna sakate, kyoMki indriyA~ pUrvatA yA aparatA ke prakAzana ke liye pravRttizIla nahIM hotI / unakA vyApAra pUrva yA apara se asambaddha vartamAnamAtra artha ke liye hI sImita hotA hai / isaliye indriya vyApAra

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 321 'vartamAnameva pazyAmi' ityullekhastatra syAt darzane tasya pratibhAsanAt pUrvarUpatA tu na tatra pratibhAtIti kathamadhyakSollekhaM bibharti ? iti na tadavaseyA bhavet / yadi tu pUrvarUpatA'pi tadavaseyA tadA smRtimantareNApi pratibhAsatAm yato na 'pUrvarUpataiva smRtimapekSate na vartamAnateti' vaktuM kSamam tayorabhedAt / yadi pUrvatA-vartamAnatayorbhedo bhavet tadA vartamAnatAvabhAse'pi pUrvarUpatayA na pratibhAtA iti svapratipattau sA smRtyapekSA bhavet, yadA tu yadeva vartamAnaM tadeva pUrvarUpam tadA taddarzane tadapi dRSTamiti na smaraNaM phalavat tatra syAt, na hi dRzyamAne smRtiH phalavatI / smRtirhi vyavahArapravartakatvena saprayojanA, dRzyamAne cArthe darzanameva vyavahAramuparacayatIti kiM tatra smRtyA ?! na ca pUrvarUpatA adhyakSa na pratibhAsate iti smRtistatra sArthikA, yataH pUrvarUpatAyAH adhyakSApratibhAse sadbhAva eva na sidhyet, sadbhAve vA kathaM tatra sAdhanaM (? sA'tha na) pratibhAseta ? api ca, idAnIntanAkSajapratyayAvabhAsinI yadi na pUrvarUpatA, smRtirapi kathaM tAmavabhAsayituM kSamA, darzanaviSayIkRta janya pratyakSa bhI vartamAna mAtra artha kA prakAzana karane meM pravRttizIla hotA hai, atIta yA anAgata kA prakAzana usakI sImA ke bAhara hai / ___ AzaMkA :- 'pahale dekhA thA vahI dekha rahA hU~' aisA jo adhyavasAya hotA hai usa se hI siddha ho jAtA hai ki darzana atItakAlAnuSakta artha saMvedi hotA hai / / uttara : yaha ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa, darzana meM sirpha vartamAnamAtra hI bhAsita ho sakatA hai isaliye 'maiM vartamAna artha ko dekha rahA hU~' aisA hI ullekha adhyavasAya meM honA cAhiye, pUrvarUpatA kA pratibhAsa usa meM zAmila hI nahIM hotA to pratyakSa ke dvArA usakA ullekha kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai ? zakya hI nahIM hai, ata: pUrvarUpatA pratyakSa se kisI bhI upAya se bodhita nahIM hotii| yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai, pUrvarUpatA yadi pratyakSabodhya mAnI jAya to smRti ke vinA bhI sadaiva usa kA bhAna pratyakSa meM hone lagegA / aba to aisA bola hI nahIM sakate ki - "pUrvarUpatA ko svayaM pratyakSa meM bhAsita hone ke liye smRti kI sahAyatA cAhiye, vartamAnatA ko nahIM cAhiye' - aisA isaliye nahIM bola sakate ki aba to ekajJAnabhAsita hone se vartamAnatA aura pUrvarUpatA kA bheda hI nahIM rahA hai isaliye pratyakSa meM pUrvarUpatA ke sadaiva bhAna kI vipadA ko Apa usa yukti se nahIM TAla sakate / yadi ekajJAnabhAsita hone para bhI Apa pUrvatA aura vartamAnatA kA abheda na mAna kara bheda mAneMge taba to smRti ke viraha meM jaba pratyakSa meM sirpha vartamAnatA bhAsita hogI aura pUrvarUpatA abhAsita rahegI taba Apa kaha sakeMge ki pUrvarUpatA ke bhAna meM smRti kI apekSA rahatI hai; kintu aba abhedavAda meM vartamAnasvarUpa evaM pUrvarUpatA meM kucha bheda hI nahIM hai taba to pratyakSa meM vartamAnatA prakAzita hone para pUrvarUpatA aprakAzita raha hI nahIM sakatI, taba smRti se aba kauna sA nayA phala apekSita hogA ? vaha to bekAra hI ho jAyegI / dRzyamAna artha kA prakAza, yaha to kabhI smRti kA phala nahIM hotA / smRti kA prayojana to Akhira kucha na kucha vyavahAra sampAdana hI hotA hai, kintu dRzyamAna artha kA pUrA vyavahAra spaSTa darzana se hI sampanna hotA hai to jaba pUrvarUpatA ke bhAna meM smRti upayogI nahIM hai, dRzyamAna artha ke vyavahAra meM bhI vaha nirupayogI hai taba usa kA prayojana kyA ?! smRti ke dvArA pUrvarUpatA kA grahaNa asambhava aisA nahIM kahanA ki - "pUrvarUpatA' pratyakSa meM bhAsita nahIM hotI isaliye usa kA grahaNa kara ke smRti

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322 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam eva hi rUpe smRteH pravRttyupalambhAt ? pUrvarUpatA tu satI api nedAnIMtanadarzanAvamAteti na smRtigocaramupagaMtumIzeti 'dRSTamAtrameva smRtipathamupayAti / atha pUrvadarzanena pUrvarUpatA viSayIkRteti smRtirapi tAM parAmazati - asadetat pUrvarUpatAyAH pUrvadarzanenApyaparicchedAt, yataH sakalamevAdhyakSaM vartamAnamAtrAvabhAsaM parisphuTaM saMvedyata iti vartamAnamAtramadhyakSaviSayaH / / nanu yadi pUrvarUpatA nAdhyakSagocaraH kathaM smaryate ? na hyadRSTe smRtirupapannA / - naitat, dRSTameva hi sakalaM nIlAdikaM smRtirullikhati smaryamANaM sphuTaM cAkAramapahAya nAnyA kAcit pUrvarUpatA smRtau bhAti anyatra vA saMvedane, kevalaM smaryamANo'rthaH 'pUrvaH' iti nAmamAtramanubhavati vartamAnamapekSya 'pUrvaH' iti nAmamAtrakaraNAt / na ca 'yathA sphuTAdhyakSapratibhAsinyapi kSaNabhede tatra vyavahArapravartakamanumAnaM phalavat tathA pUrvarUpe dRzyamAne'pi vartamAnadarzane tatra vyavahArakAritayA smRtiH phalavatI' iti vaktuM yuktam yato vidyudAdAvadhyakSe'pi pratikSaNaM truTayat pratibhAso'nubhUyate pUrvarUpatA tu smRtimantareNa na kvacit pratibhAti yena kRtakRtya ho jAyegI" - kyoMki pratyakSa meM jisa kI sattA bhAsita nahIM hotI usa kA sadbhAva siddha nahIM hotA, ata: pUrvarUpatA kA bhI sadbhAva siddha nahIM hotA, phira smRti kyA usa kA grahaNa karegI ? yadi vAstava meM parvarUpatA kA sadbhAva hogA to use pratyakSa meM bhAsita honA cAhiye, kyoM nahIM hotI ? yaha to sociye ki vartamAna indriyajanyapratIti se yadi pUrvarUpatA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA to smRti kaise usa kA avabhAsa karA sakegI, yaha niyama hai ki darzana se gRhita viSaya ko hI puna: prakAzita karane ke liye smRti sakriya bana sakatI hai| pUrvarUpatA yadi sadbhata hai phira bhI vartamAnakAlInadarzana meM bhAsita nahIM hotI taba vaha smRti kA viSaya banane ke liye bhI akSama hI rahegI, jaba dRSTa banegI - darzanagocara banegI tabhI smRti kA viSaya bana sakegI anyathA nhiiN| yadi aisA kaheM ki - pUrvakAlIna darzana kI, vastu kI pUrvarUpatA viSaya bana cukI hai isa liye smRti se usa kA parAmarza kiyA jA sakegA - to yaha AzA vyartha hai kyoMki pUrvakAlInadarzana se bhI pUrvarUpatA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA / kAraNa koI bhI pratyakSa cAhe pUrvakSaNa kA ho yA uttarakSaNa kA sphuTarUpa se vartamAnamAtra kA hI avabhAsI hone kA sarvavidita hai isa liye vartamAnatA hI kevala pratyakSa kA viSaya hotI hai| yadi yaha prazna kiyA jAya - jaba pUrvarUpatA pratyakSa kA viSaya hI nahIM hotI taba smRti kA viSaya kaise bana sakatI hai yaha Apa bhI batAIye, adRSTa vastu kI smRti to hotI nahIM - to usa kA uttara yaha hai- smRti jisa nIlAdi kA darzana ho cukA hai una kA to ullekha karatI hI hai, smRti meM ullikhita hone vAle usa nIlAdi spaSTa AkAra ke alAvA aura koI pUrvarUpatA jaisI cIja hI nahIM hai jisa kA smRti se ullekha ho yA anya kisI saMvedanana se ho / saca bAta yaha hai ki smRti meM jisa artha kA bhAna hotA hai vahI artha vyavahAra meM 'pUrva' aisI saMjJA ko prApta kara letA hai, aisA isa liye ki vartamAnakAla ke artha kI apekSA vaha 'pUrva' hotA hai isa liye smRti ke ullekha meM hama usa artha ko 'pUrva' aisI saMjJA lagA dete haiN| pUrvarUpatA aura vartamAnatA kA aikyAnubhava asiddha AzaMkA : Apa ke mata meM kSaNabheda kA anubhava sphuTa pratyakSasaMvedana meM hotA hai phira bhI usa ke bAre * 'na dRSTa0' iti pUrvamudrite [pR0 289], 'ti 10' iti tu tatraiva pAThAntaram tadevAtropAttama /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA-3 323 kSaNikatvavadanubhavaviSayatve'pi pratikSaNaM smRtirvyavahAramuparacayantI tatra saphalA bhavet / kiMca vartamAnavastuni darzanAd yadi pUrvarUpatAyAM smRtirbhavet bhAvirUpatAyAmapi bhaved abhedAt / tathAhi - bhinnavastuni tasyopalambho nAstIti tatra smRtirna bhavediti yuktam, abhine tu pUrvarUpateva bhAvirUpatA darzanenAnubhUteti pUrvarUpatAyAmiva maraNAvadhisakalabhAvirUpatAyAmapi smRtirbhavantI kena vAryeta abhedenAnu- bhUtatvA'vizeSAt ? na ca pUrvamanubhUtamapi punardarzanodaye smRtipathamupayAtIti punardarzanasaMgataM smRtihetuH, pUrvadRSTe girizikharAdAvidAnImanubhavAbhAve'pi smRterudayadarzanAt / yadi punaH smRtiridAnIntanAnubhavAbhAve'pyupajAyate tarhi bhAvadarzanaparigatepIdAnIntanahaksaMsparza(zA)bhAji smRtirudIyatAm / ameM vikalpodaya na hone ke kAraNa kSaNabheda ko vyavahAra meM lAne ke liye anumAna kI upayogitA hotI hai| isI taraha pUrvarUpatA kA anubhava bhI vartamAnadarzana meM hotA hai kintu usa ko vyavahAra meM lAne ke liye smRti saphala hogii| uttara : aisA nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, bIjalI Adi ke pratyakSa meM pratikSaNa kSaNabheda kA yAnI camakI - puna: bujha gayI, puna: camakI aura bujha gayI - aisA truTaka truTaka pratibhAsa anubhUta hotA hai isa liye kSaNabheda kA vikalpapratyakSa siddha hai jo yaha spaSTa kara detA hai ki kSaNabheda darzana kA viSaya ho cukA hai| dUsarI ora pUrvarUpatA kA bhAna smRti ke alAvA kisI bhI jJAna meM hotA nahIM hai jisase ki yaha mAna sake ki kSaNikatva jaise anubhava kA viSaya hai vaise pUrvarUpatA bhI anubhavaviSaya hote hue bhI usa ko vyavahAra meM lAne ke liye smRti saphala ho skegii| yaha bhI socanA cAhiye ki vartamAna bhAva ke darzana se jaba pUrvarUpatA ke bAre meM smRti kA udaya ho sakatA hai usa pUrvarUpatA se abhinna bhAvirUpatA kI smRti kyoM nahIM hotI ? abhedavAda meM pUrvarUpatA aura bhAvirUpatA to ekarUpa hI hotI hai isa liye donoM kI smRti honI cAhiye / ekarUpa kaise hai yaha dekhiye - Apa ke mata se bhinna vastu upalambha kA viSaya nahIM hone se bhinna viSaya kI smRti na ho yaha to yukta bAta hai, kintu abhinna vastuvAda mAnane para vastu ke bhAvirUpa aura pUrvarUpa meM bheda na hone se pUrvarUpatA kI taraha bhAvirUpatA bhI darzana kA viSaya bana hI cukI hai, isa liye pUrvarUpatA kI jaise smRti hotI hai isI taraha maraNaparyanta sakala bhAvirUpatA kI smRti honI cAhiye / kauna isa ko rokegA ? jaba ki abhinna hone ke kAraNa pUrvarUpa - bhAvirUpa meM bheda to hai nahIM / yadi aisA kahA jAya- pUrvarUpa pahale anubhUta hone para bhI puna: usa kA darzanodaya jaba hotA hai tabhI smaraNagocara hotA hai, isa se yaha siddha hotA hai puna: darzanodaya se saMgata pUrvAnubhava smRti kA hetu hotA hai, bhAvirUpa kA puna: darzanodaya hI nahIM hotA isa liye usa kI smRti bhI nahIM hotI / - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pahale dRSTigocara rahe hue girizikharAdi aba usa kA darzana na hone para bhI smRtigocara hote haiM yaha sabhI ko dikhatA hai / ata: jaba vartamAna anubhava ke vinA bhI smRti utpanna hotI hai to vartamAna meM bhAvirUpa ke darzanodaya ke vinA bhI, bhAvi darzana ke viSayoM ke bAre meM smRti kA udaya ho jAnA cAhiye / yadi aisA kaheM ki - bhAvirUpatA pUrva meM anubhUta nahIM rahatI vaha to anubhaviSyamANa hotI hai, pUrvarUpatA to pUrvAnubhUta hotI hai isa liye vartamAna darzana kA viSaya na hote huye bhI pUrvatA kI smRti kA udaya ho sakatA hai| -

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324 zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam thApi pUrvarUpatA pUrvamanubhUteti idAnIMtanadarzanAbhAve'pi pUrvatAmAtre smRtyudayaH nanvevaM pUrvatAmAtrameva pUrvadarzanAvagatam nedAnIntarUpavyApitayApi tadavagataM syAt / tanna pUrvApararUpatayorekatAvagamaH siddhaH / na ca punardarzane 'sati sa evAyaM mayA yaH prAkparidRSTa:' iti pratipatterabhedAvagamaH pUrvAparayoH, yataH pUrvAparAbhyAM pratyayAbhyAM na pUrvApararUpagrahaNam darzanasya / na ca tatkAlabhAvisvarUpaM pUrvaM paraM vA bhavitumarhati, sAmpratikarUpavyavahArocchedaprasakteH / na ca ' sAmpratikarUpaM pUrvaM mayA paridRSTam' iti nizcayo yuktaH tasya vaitathyaprasaMgAt / nanvevaM pUrvarUpatA varttamAne rUpe kathamavasIyate ' idaM mayA pUrvaM dRSTam' iti bhedasadbhAvAt ? tarhyabhede'pi kathaM varttamAnasya rUpasya pUrvadRSTatAvagamaH ? 'pUrvadRSTatvAt' iti na vaktavyam, yato dRSTatA pUrvadarzanagocarIkRtaM rUpam taddarzanaM cedAnImatItatayA'sat taddRSTatApyuparateti nAsatI varttamAnadarzanapathamavataratIti / na ca taddarzane pracyute taddRzyamAnatApyuparateti na sA sAmpratikadarzanAvaseyA, dRSTatA tUtpanneti varttamAnadarzanAvaseyA, yato yadi dRSTatA padArthAnAM tadAtve saMnihitA tadA yathA - to isa para se yahI phalita hogA ki pUrva darzana se sirpha pUrvatA kA hI grahaNa huA hai, vahI varttamAnakAla taka vyApaka hai aisA to grahaNa nahIM huA / tAtparya, pUrvarUpatA aura varttamAnarUpatA kA eka-sAtha abheda anubhava siddha na hone se una se ekatva kA bhAna siddha nahIM hotA / dUsarIbAra ke darzana se abhedasiddhi azakya eka bAra darzana ho jAne ke bAda dUsarI bAra ke darzana meM 'yaha vahI hai jisa ko pahale maiMne dekhA thA' aisA anubhava mAna kara usa se abheda kI prasiddhi kI AzA nahIM kI jA sakatI / kAraNa, pUrvapratIti se kabhI apararUpa kA grahaNa nahIM hotA aura apara pratIti se kabhI pUrva rUpa kA grahaNa nahIM hotA, koI bhI darzanapratIti apane kAla kI maryAdA meM raha kara yAnI svasamAnakAlavarttI hI padArtha ke svarUpa kI grAhikA hotI hai / vastu kA apane kAla meM jo svarUpa hotA hai vaha na to pUrva hai na apara, kyoMki yadi varttamAnarUpa meM pUrvatA yA aparatA kA yojana kareMge to usa kI varttamAnatA kA hI vilopana ho jAyegA / ' maiMne yaha varttamAnatArUpa pahale (pUrva) ke rUpa meM dekhA hai' aisA nizcaya akRtrima ho nahIM sakatA kyoMki vahA~ varttamAnatA rUpa meM vaiparItya kA yAnI pUrvarUpatA kA prasaMjana ho jAyegA / prazna: Apa ke matAnusAra bheda hI bheda hai to 'yaha maiMne pahale dekhA hai' isa anubhava meM varttamAnarUpa meM pUrvarUpatA kA bodha kaise ho sakatA hai ? uttara : Apa ke matAnusAra abheda hI abheda hai to varttamAnarUpa kA usa se ulTe rUpa meM arthAt pUrvadRSTa rUpa meM avabodha kaise ho sakatA hai ? 'vaha pahale dekhA huA hai - pUrvadRSTa hai' aisA mata kahanA, kyoMki dRSTatA pUrvadarzanaviSayIbhUta svarUpa hai, usa kA darzana varttamAna meM to atikrAnta ho jAne se asat hai, ataH usa kI viSayabhUta dRSTatA bhI pUrvadarzanasApekSa hone se varttamAna meM asta ho gayI, asat ho gayI, isaliye varttamAna darzana gocara nahIM bana sakatI / yadi aisA kahA jAya pUrva darzana kA asta ho jAne para usa darzana kI dRzyamAnatA kA bhI asta ho jAtA hai isa liye vaha varttamAnadarzanabodhya nahIM rahatI, kintu pUrvadarzana se vastu meM varttamAnakSaNa meM jo dRSTatA nAmaka saMskAra utpanna huA vaha to varttamAna hai isa liye vaha to varttamAnadarzana kA viSaya ho sakatI hai / to yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, dRSTatAsaMskAra yadi padArthoM meM usa kAla meM ( varttamAna meM ) saMnihita hai isa liye varttamAnadarzana kA viSaya banatI hai aisA Apa mAnate haiM lekina varttamAna meM saMnihita nIlatA pUrva kAla meM anutpanna thI

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 325 saMnihitA tadAnImanutpanne'pi pUrvadarzane pratibhAti tathA dRSTatApi sakalatanubhRtAmanutpanne'pi pUrvadarzane sphuTavapuSi darzane pratibhAsatAm na kiMcit pUrvadarzanasmaraNena ? evaM ca yenApyasAvarthaH pUrvAnnAvagataH so'pi dRSTatAmavagacchet / tato 'nIlAdikametat' iti pazyati 'pUrvadRSTam' ityetacca smaraNAdadhyavasyati na tu 'pUrvadRSTametat' ityekA pratItiH / nanu 'idaM pratibhAsamAnamatItasamaye mayA dRSTam' ityevaM smRtiranubhUyate na ca pUrvadRSTatAnubhavavyatirekeNa dRzyamAnasya smRtiH sambhavatyevamAkArA - asadetat yato 'dRSTam' iti matiH smRtirUpamAsAdayantI tatkAlAvadhi darzanaviSayamadhyavasantI lakSyate na tu vartamAnakAlaparigatamarthasvarUpamadhigacchati, vartamAnakAlatAM tu darzanamanubhavati pUrvarUpAsaMgatAmiti na kAcit pratipattirasti yA vartamAnaM 'pUrva dRSTam' ityavagacchati / tantra pratyabhijJA'pi pUrvAparayorabhedamadhigantuM samarthA / ___ athAsmadarzanaviratAvapyupalabhyate vajropalAdiroM narAntareNetyabhinnaH / naitat sAram, maddarzanAnu(?pa)isa liye usa kA pUrvadarzana utpanna hone para bhI vartamAna meM bhAsita hotI hai, isI taraha pUrvadarzana na hone para bhI vartamAna meM utpanna dRSTatA kA vartamAna spaSTazarIrI darzana meM sabhI dehadhArIyoM ko dikhAI de to kyA bAdha hai ? phira pUrvadarzana yA smaraNa kI jarUra hI kyA ? isa prakAra to jisa ne usa artha kA pahale bodha nahIM kiyA hai usa ko bhI usa dRSTatA kA bodha ho sakatA hai kyoMki dRSTatA to usa meM vartamAna meM utpanna ho kara mojuda hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki 'maineM pahale yaha nIlAdi dekhe haiN| yaha koI eka darzanAtmaka pratIti nahIM hai kintu isa meM do pratItiyoM kA milana ho gayA hai, eka to 'yaha nIlAdi hai' yaha darzana pratIti hai aura dUsarA 'pahale dekhA hai' yaha smaraNa kA adhyavasAya hai| vartamAna artha kA bhAna smRti meM niSiddha AzaMkA - 'yaha jo bhAsita ho rahA hai vaha bhUtakAla meM maiMne dekhA thA' isa prakAra kI smRti sabhI ko anubhavasiddha hai / yadi pUrvadRSTatA kA darzana na hotA to ukta AkAra vAlI dRzyamAna kI smRti bhI anubhavagocara na hotI / uttara : yaha vaktavya galata hai, vAstava meM yahA~ 'dekhA thA' isa prakAra kI jo buddhi hai vaha smRtirUpa hai, yahI smRti mAno apanI kAlamaryAdA meM darzana ke viSaya ko adhyavasita karatI huyI lakSita hotI hai kintu vartamAnakAla vyApI artha ke svarUpa kA avabodha vaha nahIM karatI / pUrvarUpa se amIlita vartamAnakAlatA kA avabodha to sirpha darzana hI karatA hai / ata: aisI koI mati nahIM hai jo vartamAna artha kA 'pahale dekhA thA' isa prakAra avabodha kara ske| niSkarSa - pratyabhijJA pUrva-apara ke abheda kA ababodha karane ke liye sakSama nahIM hai / svadarzanaviSaya meM parakAlIna anyadarzana kA asambhava __ AzaMkA : vajra yA kaMkara Adi to hamArA dekhanA uparata ho jAya usa samaya bhI dUsare ko dikhAI detA hai isa liye pUrvakSaNa - uttarakSaNa kI vastu meM abheda siddha ho jAtA hai / uttara : yaha nidarzana asAra hai, kyoMki isa tathya meM koI bhI aisA Thosa pramANa nahIM hai jisase merA

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326 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam game narAntaradarzanamavataratIti nAtra kiMcit pramANamasti / tathAhi - na pratyakSaM paradRggocaramarthavagamayitumalam paradRzo'navagamAt, tadanavagame ca tatpratibhAsitatvasyApyanavagateH / na ca tadviSayavyavahAradarzanAt paro'pi 'idamarthajAtaM pazyati' ityanumAnAt paradRSTatAM svadarzanaviSayasya pratipadyate janaH anumAnenAbhedApratipatteH / taddhi sadRzavyavahAradarzanAdudayamAsAdayat svadRSTatulyatAM paradRgviSayasyAvagantumIzaM na punarabhedam, yathA dhUmAntaradarzanAdudbhavantyanumitiH pUrvadahanasadRzaM dahanAntaramadhyavasyati na punastameva dahanavizeSam sAmAnyenAnvayaparicchedAt / / yadi punaH sadRzavyavahAradarzanAt svaparadRSTasyAbhedAvagamaH tadA romAJcalakSaNatulyakAryadarzanAt svaparasukhAbhedAnumitiprasaktiH / atha pulakodmAdau tulye'pi santAnabhedAd bhedaH, tathA sati sukhamapi svarUpadekhanA baMda ho jAne para bhI vahI vastu dUsare ke darzana kI atithi hotI hai' yaha siddha ho sake / kaise yaha dekhiye - anya ko dRSTigocara hone vAlA artha - 'yaha artha anya ko bhI dRSTigocara bana rahA hai' isa rUpa meM pratyakSa se jJAta nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki anya kI dRSTi apane liye indriyAtIta hai / usa kA avabodha na hone para 'vaha usa meM pratibhAsita hai' aisA bhI bodha kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi aisA anumAna lagAyA jAya ki 'dasarA AdamI bhI isI arthavarga ko dekhatA hai kyoki usI artha ko pAne ke liye usa kI bhI pravRtti dikhAI par3atI hai| isa prakAra ke anumAna se svadarzana ke viSaya me paradRSTatA kA avabodha loga kara sakate haiM - to yaha bhI zakya nahIM hai kyoMki anumAna se kabhI abheda kA avabodha zakya nahIM hai / kAraNa, dRSTA yadi dekhatA hai ki yaha bhI mere tulya hI vyavahAra kara rahA hai to usa se itanA hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki usa kI dRSTi kA viSaya merI dekhI huyI vastu se milatA-julatA hai, kintu abheda kA anumAna kaise hogA ? jaise dekhiye, pahale agni aura dhUma kA darzana huA / bAda meM kabhI kahIM anya dhUma dekhA to usa se itanA hI anumAna ho sakatA hai ki pUrvadRSTa agni se tulya yahA~ bhI agni hai / kintu vahI agni yahA~ bhI hai aisA abhedagrAhi anumAna zakya nahIM hai| isa kA kAraNa yaha hai - agni ke sAtha dhUma kA vyApyatva sambandha sirpha sAmAnya taura para gRhita huA hai, vizeSa taura para nahIM, yAnI pUrvadRSTa agni ke sAtha vartamAna dRSTa dhUma kA vyApyatva sambandha gRhIta nahIM huA, isI taraha prastuta meM bhI samajha lenaa| sadRzavyavahAra se abhedAnumiti azakya* Apa ko yadi do vyakti ke samAnavyavahAra ko dekhakara donoM ne dekhe hue padArtha kI abhedasiddhi mAnya hai taba to sva aura para meM roMgaTe khaDe ho jAne kA tulya kArya dekhane para sva meM aura anya meM utpanna hone vAle sukha ke bhI abheda kI anumiti hone kI vipadA AyegI / yadi roMgaTe khar3e hone kA kArya tulya hone para bhI bhinna bhinna santAna meM santAnabheda se apane-parAye sukha kA bheda hI mAneMge to vahA~ bhI prazna hogA ki santAna kA bheda kaise siddha hai ? yadi santAnabheda kI siddhi anyasantAnabheda ke AdhAra para kI jAya to usa anyasantAnabheda kI siddhi ke liye aura eka santAnabheda.....isa taraha anavasthA cala paDegI / yadi svabhAva ke bheda se hI santAna kA bheda mAna kara anavasthA doSa kA nivAraNa kiyA jAya to bhinna bhinna saMtAnoM meM bhI svabhAvabheda se hI sukhabheda mAnA jA sakatA hai| aba isa para se yaha samajhanA hogA ki apane-parAye saMtAna meM svarUpa bheda se sukhabheda jaise satya hai vaise hI pUrvakSaNa meM svadRSTa padArtha aura uttarakSaNa meM paradRSTa padArtha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 327 bhedAd bhidyatAm, yathA ca svarUpabhedAt sva-parasantativartinaH sukhasya bhedaH tathA kAlabhedAt svaparadRSTasyArthasya kiM na bhedaH ? na ca parasparaparihAreNopalambhapravRtteH sva-parasantativartinyAH prIterbhedaH, arthasyApi svprdRssttsyaa'yugpdnyonyprihaarennoplmbhvRtterbhedprskteH| yato yadA svadRggocaracArI na tadA paradRzi pratibhAti yadA cottarasamaye parasaMvedanamavatarati na tadA svasaMvedanamiti kathaM na bhedaH ? ato vicchinnadarzanasyArthasya punadarzane dalitodgatanakhazikharadarzana iva pratibhAsabhedAd bhedaH / pratyabhijJA tvabhedAdhvasAyinI pratibhAsabhedena bAdhyamAnA lUnapunarjAtakezAdiSviva bhrAnteti na tatpratipAyo'bhedaH pAramArthikaH / na ca yatrA'vicchinnaM darzanaM bahirarthamavatarati tatra pratibhAsabhedAbhAvAt kathaM pauvAparyabhedAvagama iti vaktavyam yataH pratibhAsamAnataiva padArthAnAM sttaa| yadAha - "upalabdhiH sattA, sA copalabhyamAna vastu yogyatA tadAzrayA vA jJAnavRttiH / " [ ? ] iti / tatra yadi kSaNikaM darzanam tathA sati tatra sphuTapratibhAsasyArthasya kSaNabheda evA'vabhAti na kSaNAbhedAvagamaH / yataH kSaNikaM darzanaM svakAlamarthavagantuM kSamam na kAlAntarapariSvaktam, tasya tadAnImabhAvAt / na hi yadA yatrAsti tadA tat takAlamarthamavagacchati, sakalAtItapadArthagrahaNaprasaMgAt / ato'vicchinnadarzane'pi pratikalamaparAparajJAnaprasavai. meM kAlabheda se bhI bheda ho sakatA hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "apane saMtAna meM jaba sukhopalabdhi hotI hai taba anya santAna meM nahIM hotI, anyasantAna meM sukhopalabdhi hotI hai taba svasantAna meM nahIM hotI isa prakAra eka-dUsare kA upalambha eka-dUsare ko choDa kara hotA hai isa se una meM bheda siddha hotA hai' - to artha meM bhI isa prakAra bhedasiddhi prasakta hogI, kyoMki svadRSTa artha aura anyadRSTa artha kI asamAnakAla meM eka-dUsare ko choDa kara upalabdhi hotI hai, artha jaba pUrvakSaNa meM dUsare ko dRSTigocara hotA hai taba apane ko nahIM hotA - aisA dikhatA hai to artha meM bhI bheda kyoM nahIM mAnate ? apanI najara ko haThA lene ke bAda darzana kA viccheda ho jAne para, phira se vahA~ najara DAlate haiM to jo artha dikhAI detA hai vaha pratibhAsabheda se bhinna hotA hai, jaise nakha ko dekhane ke bAda kATa diyA, thoDe dina ke bAda nayA ugA, vaha tulya dikhane para bhI bhinna hotA hai| aba abhedAdhyavasAyI pratyabhijJA hI usa ke viSaya ke abheda meM bAdhaka hai, jaise kATe haye keza puna: uga Ate haiM vahA~ jaise abheda kI pratyabhijJA bhrAnta hotI hai vaise hI sAmAnyata: arthAbhedasAdhaka pratyabhijJA bhI bhrAnta hI hotI hai / ata: usa se prakAzita hone vAlA abheda pAramArthika nahIM ho sktaa| niraMtaradarzanasthala meM bheda kaise ? prabhottara prazna : pratibhAsabheda se bheda to vicchinna darzana ke sthala meM ho sakegA, kintu jahA~ viccheda ke vinA niraMtara bAhyArthabhAsI darzana udita ho rahA hai vahA~ to pratibhAsabheda nahIM hai, kaise vahA~ pUrva-apara padArtha ke bheda kI siddhi hogI ? uttara : isa prazna ko avakAza nahIM hai / kAraNa, pratibhAsamAnatA hI padArthoM kI sattA hai, sattA koI aura cIja nahIM hai / kahA hai - "upalabdhi hI sattA hai, upalabdhi cAhe upalabdha hone vAlI vastu kI yogyatArUpa ho yA to usa yogyatA ke Azraya se ucita honevAlI jJAnavRtti ho" / aba jisa ko Apa nirantara darzana kahate haiM vaha pUrA eka na ho kara kSaNasantAnarUpa hai, darzana to kSaNika hI hotA hai aura vaha sirpha svakAlavartI artha ke avabodha meM hI sakSama hotA hai, svabhinnakSaNa se usa kA koI nAtA nahIM hai kyoMki svabhinnakSaNa meM vaha

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328 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ravagatasyApyarthasya bhedaH / na ca dRgeva pratikSaNamaparAparA arthastvabhinna eveti vaktavyam, dRgbhedAdeva dRzyamAnasyArthasya bhedasiddheH / tathAhi - yadaikA dRk svakAlAvadhimarthasattAM vetti na tadA parA yadA cAparottarakAlamarthavagamayati na tadA pUrveti na tatpratibhAsitatvam - yato vartamAnasaMvidastIti tadupalabhyamAnataivAstu na tu pUrvagupalabhyamAnatA - atadhopalambhabhedAdupalabhyamAnatAbhedaH / na ca pUrvAparadarzanopalabhyamAnatA bhinnaiva upalabhyamAnaM tu rUpamabhinnam, yato yadA pUrvopalabhyamAnatAyukto'rthaH pratibhAti na tadottaropalabhyamAnatAsaMgataH, yadA cottaropalabhyamAnatayA parigato vedyate na tadA pUrvopalabhyamAnatayeti kathaM pUrvAparopalambhopalabhyamAnasya rUpasya na bhedaH ? na copalabhyamAnatA'tiriktamupalabhyamAnaM rUpamasti, tathA'nanubhavAt / ataH kathaM nopalabhyamAnatAbhedAdapi tadbhedaH ? tat sthitamavicchinnavizadadarzanaparamparAyAmapi pratikSaNamarthabhedaH / svayaM hastI meM nahIM / "jo jaba nahIM hotA vaha usa kAla meM tatkAlIna artha kA avabodha nahIM kara sakatA" yaha niyama to svIkAranA hogA, anyathA- eka hI kSaNa ke darzana se saMpUrNa atItakAla ke padArthoM kA avabodha ho jAne kA aniSTa prasaMga A paDegA / pratibhAsamAnatA yA upalabdhi hI padArthasattA hone se artha bhI darzanasamakAlIna siddha hotA hai, ata: nirantara jArI rahanevAle darzana ke hote huye bhI vahA~ naye naye kSaNa meM jo naye naye darzana kA janma hogA una ke bheda se hI una se gRhIta honevAle arthoM meM bhI bheda siddha hogA / darzanabheda se arthabheda kI siddhi yadi aisA kaheM ki vahA~ pratikSaNa darzanabheda bhale ho kintu arthabheda hone meM koI pramANa nahIM hai - to yaha ThIka nahIM, jaba darzana bhinna bhinna hai taba una ke bheda se dRzyamAna arthoM meM bheda hI siddha hotA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - jisa kAla meM eka darzana, apane kAla kI sImA meM rahe huye artha kI sattA kA avabodha karatA hai - usa kAla me anya darzana artha kA avabodha karA sakatA nahIM / jaba dUsarA darzana uttara kAla meM apane samAnakAlIna artha kA avabodha karatA hai usa kAla meM pUrvakAlIna darzana kisI artha kA avabodha karA nahIM sakatA / aisA isa liye ki saMvedana apane apane kAla meM vartamAna hote haiM aura una ke AdhAra para hI usa kAla ke artha meM upalabhyamAnatA hotI hai, pUrvakAlIna saMvedana ke AdhAra para upalabhyamAnatA vastu meM nahIM hotI / isa prakAra upalambha ke bheda se upalambhayogyatA bhinna bhinna ThaharatI hai| vahI arthasattA rUpa hai isa liye usa meM bhI bheda ho jAtA hai| aisA agara kaheM ki - parva apara darzanoM se upalabhyamAnatArUpa saMskAra kA bheda bhale ho kintu usa kA Azraya jo upalabhyamAna artha hai vaha to abhinna hotA hai - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jaba pUrvopalabhyamAnatAsaMskAravAlA artha pratibhAsita hotA hai taba uttaropalabhya - mAnatA saMskAravAlA artha pratibhAsita nahIM hotA - jaba uttara upalabhyamAnatA se sambaddha artha bhAsita hotA hai taba pUrvopalabhyamAnatAvAlA artha bhAsita hotA nahIM, isa prakAra donoM bhinna bhinna bhAsita hote haiM taba pUrva-uttara upalambha se upalabdha hone vAlA artha eka abhinna kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? kyoMki vaisA anubhava nahIM hotA ki upalabhyamAnatA aura upalabhyamAnarUpa alaga alaga hai isaliye upalabhyamAnatA se atirikta koI upalabhyamAnarUpa artha bhI nahIM hai jisase ki bhinna bhinna upalabhyamAnatA ke hote huye bhI upalabhyamAnarUpa ko eka dikhA sake / taba upalabhyamAnatA ke bheda se upalabhyamAnarUpoM kA bheda kyoM siddha nahIM hogA ? niSkarSa yaha AyA ki avicchinna darzanadhArA meM bhI pratikSaNa bhAsita hone vAle arthoM meM bheda hotA hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 329 pratyabhijJAnAttvabhedo'dhyAropyamANo dalitapunaruditanakhazikharAdiSviva pratibhAsabhedenA'pAkriyAmANo na vAstavaH / na cAparAparasaMvinmAtravyatiriktabhinnAtmano'bhAve kramavatsaMvedanAbhAvAdarthakramasyApyabhAva iti, yato'nekatve sati yathA pUrvAparayorapatyayoH kramastathA darzanayorapyanekatvamastIti kathaM na kramaH ? na cAnekatvaM na pratItiviSayaH ekatvapratibhAsAbhAvapratibhAsyAnekatvapratibhAsarUpatvAt tasya ca saMvedanasiddhatvAt / na ca kAlamantareNa paurvAparyAbhAvAdanekatvamAtramavaziSyate iti kathaM krama iti vaktuM yuktam yato bhedA'vizeSe'pi dRzyamAna - smaryamANatayA pauvAparyasadbhAvAt kramasaMgatiraviruddhaiva / yadvA hetusaMnidhAnA'saMnidhAnAbhyAM kramaH kAryANAm tatsaMnidhAnA'saMnidhAne'pi hetusaMnidhAnA'saMnidhAnAt ityanAdirhetuparamparA atastatsvabhAvavizeSa eva krama iti na kiMcit kAlena / tasyApyanyakAlApekSe krame'navasthA, svataH krame padArthAnAmapi sa svata eva yuktaH / tadevaM krameNopalabhyamAnamaparAparasvabhAvamiti siddhaH svabhAvabhedaH / na ca kSaNike'pi saMvedane yugapat padArthajAtaM pratibhAti na krameNeti na kSaNabhedaH yato'nekakSaNasthitiH kAlAbhedalakSaNaM nityatvamucyate, na cAnekakSaNasthitiyugapadavabhAti, yato yadaikA kSaNasthitiravabhAsate yadi tadaiva dvitIyakSaNasthitirapi tadviviktA pratibhAti tathA sati kSaNadvayasya parasparaviviktasya *pratyabhijJA ke viSayoM me bhedasiddhi* 'vahI hai jo pahale dikhA thA' aisI pratyabhijJA se abheda kA adhyAropaNa vAstavika nahIM hai kyoMki vaha pratibhAsabheda se bAdhita hai / jaise kATane ke bAda puna: ugane vAlA nakhAgra 'vahI dikhatA hai' kintu pUrvapratibhAsa aura vartamAna pratibhAsa bhinna hone se nakhAgra meM bheda siddha hai vaise hI pratibhAsabheda se pratyabhijJA ke viSaya meM bhI bheda siddha hotA hai kyoMki pratyabhijJA koI eka pratibhAsarUpa nahIM kintu aneka pratibhAsa rUpa hotI hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - bhedavAdI ke mata meM to koI eka abhinna AtmA jaisA tattva hI nahIM hai sirpha bhinna bhinna saMvid hI hotI hai, una saMvido meM eka anusyUta AtmA na hone se kisI krama ke hone kA sambhava nahIM hai ata: saMvedana para avalambita arthoM kA krama bhI nahIM rahegA' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki aneka hone para bhI pUrvajAta evaM uttarajAta zizuoM meM krama hotA hai vaise aneka hote huye darzanoM meM bhI krama kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? kAla vinA bhI pUrvAparabhAva-krama kA upapAdana anekatva anubhavagocara hI nahIM hai to bheda kaise siddha hogA aisA prazna nahIM karanA cAhiye, kyoMki ekatvAnubhava kA na honA yahI anekatvAnubhavarUpa hai aura vaha saMvidita hotA hai isa liye asiddha nahIM hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - pUrvAparabhAva to kAlAzrita hai, Apa ke mata meM to arthAtirikta kAla hI nahIM hai to phira anekatva hI sirpha rahegA, krama kaise siddha hogA ? - to yaha prazna ThIka nahIM kyoMki pahalA artha aura dUsarA artha bhinna bhinna hai una meM jo smRti kA viSaya hotA hai vahI pUrva hai aura darzana kA viSaya hotA hai vaha apara hotA hai - isa prakAra paurvAparyabhAva baiTha jAne se krama kI saMgati meM koI virodha nahIM hai / athavA to kAryoM meM hetu ke saMnidhAna aura asaMnidhAna ko lekara bhI krama-saMgati baiThAyI jA sakatI hai| kaise yaha dekhiye - hetu ke saMnidhAna se kArya kA saMnidhAna hotA hai, hetu saMnihita na ho to kArya bhI saMnihita nahIM hotA - yaha sarvavidita niyama hai / hetu aura kArya meM spaSTa hI hai ki hetu pUrva hotA hai aura kArya apara hotA hai, hetuparamparA anAdi

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330 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yugapat pratibhAsanAt kathaM nityatAlakSaNaH kAlAbhedaH ? atha tadrvya(? tatrApya)vyatiriktA kSaNAntarasthitiH pratibhAsate-tatrApyAcakSaNasthitirUpatayA vA dvitIyA pratibhAti, yadvA dvitIyakSaNasthitirUpatayA AyakSaNasthitiriti kalpanAdvayam / tatrAye pakSe prathamakSaNasthitireva pratibhAtIti na pUrvAparakSaNabhedaH / dvitIyepi vikalpe kSaNAntarasthitireva pratibhAtIti nAyakSaNasthitipratipattirbhavet / athaikakSaNasthiti vabhAti sarvadA sthiteravabhAsanAt - nanvekakSaNasthitipratipattyabhAve kathamanekakSaNasthitisaMgatarUpapratipattiriti kSaNike darzane kSaNAvasthAnameva pratibhAtIti tadeva sadastu na kAlAntarasthitiH / ___athApi syAt na kSaNikaM darzanam yena tadbhedAt tadgrAhyasyApi bhedaH, kintu tadapi kAlAntarasthitimat kAlAntarAnuSaktamarthamavagamayati / asadetat - yataH sthiraM darzanamanekakAlatAM yugapadavabhAsayati, Ahosvit krameNeti ? tatra na tAvad yugapadavabhAsayati / tathAhi - yadA darzanaM ghaTikAdvayArambhaparigatamarthamanubhavati na tadaiva tadavabhAsanasambandhinam, tadanubhave ca tasya vartamAnatApatterna kAlAntaratA / yadi ca prathamadarzanameva bhAvirUpatAmavagacchati tathA sati grahaNaviratau kimiti na jAnAti 'padArthastiSThati' iti ? na ca tadA grahaNamuparatamiti nAvagacchati, yataH tadarthagrahaNamuditamiti kathamasat ! atha pUrvamuditaM tadadhunA pracyutamiti na gRhNAti nanu tadA grahaNAbhAve kathaM tatkAlatvaM parigRhItaM bhavati ? hai isa liye usa ke phalasvarUpa kAryaparamparA bhI anAdi siddha hogI / usa meM pUrva pUrva hetu aura aparApara kArya aisA paurvAparyabhAva svayaM siddha ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra hetu-kAryabhAva para avalaMbita artha kA svabhAvavizeSa hI krama hai isa liye atirikta kAla mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / yadi atirikta kSaNaparamparA rUpa kAla kI hastI mAneMge to una kSaNoM meM paurvAparyasvarUpa krama kI saMgati ke liye anya kAla mAnanA hogA, usa meM bhI krama kI saMgati ke liye anya kAla..... isa taraha anavasthA calegI / yadi kAlakSaNoM kA krama svata: ho sakatA hai to phira padArthoM kA krama svata: kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? niSkarSa, jo kramaza: upalabdha hotA hai vaha anya anya svabhAvavAlA hotA hai isaliye kSaNa kSaNa ke padArthoM meM svabhAvabheda siddha ho sakatA hai / anekakSaNasthiti kA eka-sAtha pratibhAsa azakya yadi yaha kahA jAya - saMvedana bhale hI kSaNika ho lekina usa meM jo padArtha bhAsita hote haiM vaha ekasAtha hI eka kAlIna bhAsita hote haiM - kAlakrama lakSita hI nahIM hotA isaliye kAlakramaprayukta kSaNabheda kI hastI hI nahIM hai / - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki nityavAda meM nityatva kAlAbhedasvarUpa hai aura kAlAbheda anekakSaNasthitirUpa hai, yaha anekakSaNasthiti ekasAtha bhAsita nahIM hotI hai / kyoM ? isa liye ki jaba eka kSaNasthiti bhAsita hotI hai taba yadi usa se vibhinnarUpa meM dUsarI kSaNasthiti bhI bhAsita hogI - aisA hone para alaga alaga do kSaNasthitiyoM kA ekasAtha pratibhAsa hone se nityatvasvarUpa kAlAbheda kA kyA hogA ? aba yadi kaheMge ki vahA~ bhI eka-dUsare se avyatirikta abhinna hI kSaNAntarasthiti kA pratibhAsa hotA hai - to yahA~ do vikalpaprabha - kyA dvitIyakSaNasthiti AdyakSaNasthitirUpa se lakSita hotI hai ? yA AdyakSaNasthiti dvitIyakSaNasthitirUpa meM lakSita hotI hai ? pahale vikalpa meM sAra yaha nikalegA ki AdyakSaNasthiti kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai ata: pUrva-apara kSaNoM ke abheda kA pratibhAsa utthita hI nahIM hogA / dvitIya vikalpa meM bhI aisA hI hogA kyoMki vahA~ dvitIyakSaNasthiti kA hI pratibhAsa hogA, prathamakSaNasthiti kA nahIM /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 331 atha yadA darzanaM viramati na tadA tadrUpaM pratibhAti kintu yadA taduditaM vidyate tadA bhAvirUpaparicchedaH / tadapyasad - yatastathApi tatkAlataiva tena parigRhyate na bhAvirUpam asaMnihitatvAt, saMnidhAne vA bhAvirUpatAnupapatteH / yadi hi tad darzanakAle pratibhAsamAnamasti svarUpeNa tathA sati vartamAnataiveti tadapi pratyutpannam na bhAvirUpam bhAvitve vA tadA'saMnidheH kathamasat pratibhAti ? yadi tvasanihitamapi tad bhAti tathA sati sakalabhAvibhAvarUpaparamparA pratibhAsatAm iti dharmAderapi sarvasya bhaviSyadrUpasya prati yadi aisA kaheM ki - eka kSaNasthiti jaisA kucha bhI bhAsita nahIM hotA sirpha sarvadA sthiti hI sthiti bhAsita hotI hai / ata: abheda akSuNNa rahegA / - to yahA~ prazna hogA ki yadi dRSTA ko ekakSaNasthiti kA bhI patA nahIM lagatA to bahukSaNisthiti kA eka sAtha patA kaise calegA ? isa se to acchA hai yahI mAnA jAya ki kSaNika darzana meM sirpha kSaNasthiti kA hI avabodha hotA hai isa liye kSaNasthiti hI vAstavika hai na ki kAlAntarasthiti / *darzana meM kAlAntarasthAyitva kA nirasana AzaMkA : darzana bhI hamAre mata meM kSaNika nahIM hai isaliye darzana ke bheda se usa ke grAhya viSayoM meM bhedaprasakti ko yahA~ avakAza hI nahIM hai / darzana bhI kAlAntarasthAyi hI hotA hai, isa liye usa se kAlAntarasthAyi artha kA avabodha hone meM koI virodha nahIM / uttara : yaha vidhAna galata hai / kAraNa, yahA~ do vikalpa prazna haiM ki sthira yAnI anekakSaNasthAyi darzana vastu kI anekakAlatA kA bhAna ekasAtha hI kara letA hai yA kramaza: ? prathama vikalpa- ekasAtha anekakAlatA kA avabhAsa buddhigamya nahIM hai| kaise yaha dekhiye- darzana jaba ghaDIyugala (= 48minITa) ke prArambha kAla meM vyApta artha kA anubhava le rahA hai usa vakta usa avabhAsana kA sambandhi yAnI ArambhakSaNa kA uttarakAlIna sambandhi artha kA anubhava nahIM hotA / yadi usakA bhI usa kSaNa meM anubhava ho jAyegA to vaha bhI vartamAnatAprApta ho jAyegA, kAlAntarasvarUpa nahIM raha pAyegA / aba yahA~ prazna hai ki yadi prathama kSaNa kA darzana kAlAntara ko sparza na karatA huA sirpha kAlAntarabhAvisvarUpa kA hI anubhava apane kAla meM kara letA hai to usa darzana ke kSaya hone ke pazcAt kSaNameM 'aba bhI padArtha sthitidhArI hI hai| aisA avabodha kyoM nahIM hotA ? yadi usa kSaNa meM darzanAtmaka grahaNa naSTa ho jAne se vaisA avabodha na hone kA kahA jAya to vaha ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki bhAvi arthagrahaNa udita ho cukA hai vaha aba nahIM kyoM hai ? kyoM vaha vidyamAna nahIM ? yadi kaheM ki- vaha jarUra udita huA thA lekina bAda meM usa kA asta ho gayA isaliye bhAvirUpatA kA avabodha nahIM hotAyahA~ prazna hai ki jaba bAda meM asta ho jAne para bhAvirUpa kA grAhaka hI koI rahA nahIM taba pUrvagRhIta padArtha meM uttarakAlInatva kA grahaNa kaise gRhIta hogA ? niyama hai ki samAnakAlIna artha ko samakAlIna hI darzana grahaNa karatA hai| vartamAna darzana meM bhAvirUpa kA avabodha azakya * yadi aisA kaheM ki- darzana jaba virata ho jAtA hai taba bhAvirUpa kA avabodha nahIM karatA kiMtu jaba vaha udita rahatA hai taba usakA avabodha karatA hai / to yaha bhI galata hai kyoMki jisa kAla meM vaha udita rahatA hai tatkAlatA ko hI vaha usa artha meM gRhIta karatA hai, bhAvirUpa kA grahaNa vaha usa kAla meM nahIM kara

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332 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pattirastu / na ca 'pratibhAsamAnA'vyatiriktaM bhAvirUpamAbhAti, dharmAdikaM tu tadvyatiriktamiti na tadhaHyatotrApi yadi bhAvirUpaM vartamAnatayA pratibhAti tathA sati vartamAnameva tad iti kathaM kAlAntarasthAyitA ? atha vartamAnaM bhAvirUpatayA gRhyate - nanvevaM bhAvirUpameva tad bhavati na ca vartamAnaM kiMcinAma, tathA cA'vartamAnamapi bhAvirUpaM vartamAnatayA pratyakSa pratibhAtIti sarva darzanaM viparItakhyAtirbhavet, tato vizadatayA yat pratibhAsate vastu sarva tad vartamAnameveti kathaM sthAyitAlakSaNaH paurvAparyAbhedaH ? atha krameNa kAlAntarasthAyi darzanaM sthAyitAM pratyeSyati - nanvevamapi varttamAnatAprakAzakAle kAlAntarasthitirna pratibhAti, tadavabhAsakAle tu na pUrvakAlatApratipattiriti parasparA'sparzinI darzanamavatarantI kSaNaparamparaiva syAt / yadi pUrvarUpatA samprati darzane pratibhAti tathA sati prathamamAgatastAmavagacchet / na ca 'tatra pUrvadarzanaM noditamiti sAmagrabhAvAna tadrahaNam', yataH pUrvadarzanA'sanidhistadA nirantaradarzanepi samAna iti kathamabhedagrahaNaM prati sahakArI ? atha nirantaradarzinaH 'tadeva darzanam' sakatA kyoMki vaha saMnihita nahIM hai, yadi vaha usa kAla meM kisI taraha saMnihita nahIM hai to vaha aba vartamAnarUpa bana jAtA hai, bhAvirUpatA usameM nahIM ghaTegI / spaSTatA- yadi vaha bhAvi rUpa darzanakAla meM apane svarUpa se sphurita hotA hai taba vaha varttamAnatA ko hI prApta kara legA, phalata: vaha bhAvirUpa na raha kara vartamAnarUpa ho jAyegA / yadi bhAvirUpa hI rahegA to vaha usa vakta saMnihita na rahane se sphurita nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki vartamAna meM bhAvirUpa asat hai, vaha kaise sphurita hogA ? yadi aisA mAne ki bhAvirUpa arAMnihita hone para bhI sphurita ho sakatA hai taba to samasta asaMnihita bhAviparamparA bhI vartamAna meM sphurane lagegI aura vivAdAspada bhaviSyatkAlIna dharmAdi sarva padArtha bhI sphurane lagegA, phira koI vivAda hI kaise rahegA ? yadi kaheM ki jo bhAvirUpa varttamAnarUpa ke sAtha abheda dhAraNa karatA hai vahI sphurita hotA hai, dharmAdi to vartamAnarUpa se abheda nahIM rakhate isaliye dharmAdi kA sphuraNa vartamAna meM nahIM ho sakatA / to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yahA~ bhI purAnI bAta puna: Avartita hogI- yadi bhAvirUpa varttamAnarUpa se sphurita hotA hai taba to vaha vartamAna hI hai, kAlAntara sthAyi nahIM hai| yadi vartamAnarUpa bhAvirUpa se sphurita hotA hai taba vaha bhAvirUpa hI hai vartamAnasvarUpa kucha hai nahIM / isakA phalitArtha yaha nikalegA ki jo avarttamAnasvarUpa bhAvirUpa hai vahI darzana meM vartamAnarUpa meM sphurita hotA hai isaliye sabhI pratyakSa anyathAkhyAti yAnI bhrAntasvarUpa hI hai| yadi isa vipadA se pAra utaranA hai to mAnanA hogA ki darzana meM jo kucha bhI vastu spaSTarUpa se lakSita hotI hai vaha vartamAnamAtra hI hotI hai na ki kAlAntarasthAyi / aba sthAyisvarUpa pUrva-apara ke abheda ko kahA~ avakAza rahegA ? kramazaH sthAyitA kA upalambha azakya pahale jo do vikalpa prazna the- [330-22] sthira darzana eka sAtha anekakAlatA kA avabodha kara legA yA kramaza: ? usameM pahale vikalpa kI carcA ke bAda aba dUsare vikalpa para vicAra calatA hai ___ 'kAlAntarasthAyi darzana sthAyitva kA avabodha kramaza: karegA' - isa bAta para yaha vicAra hai ki aisA mAnane para bhI nizcita hai ki vartamAnatA ke avabodha kAla meM kAlAntara sthiti kA avabodha hone vAlA nahIM, aura jaba kAlAntara sthiti ke avabodha kA kAla AyegA taba pUrvakAlatA kA avabodha nahIM hogA, phalata: eka-dUsare kSaNoM se asaMbaddha aisI kSaNa-paramparA hI darzana kI atithi banegI / yadi vartamAnakAlIna darzana meM pUrvarUpatA kA

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333 dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-3 ityabhedapratipattirbhaviSyati, nanu yadi nAma tadeva darzanam tathApi tat pratibhAtaM pUrvam adhunA na pratibhAti / tathAhi- dRzyamAnAd rUpAt tAdrUpyaM bhinnamAbhAti abhinnaM vA iti kalpanAdvayam / yadi bhinnaM tadA na tadrUpAbhedaH / athAbhinnaM bhAti tadApi dRzyamAnatayA vA pUrvarUpam pUrvarUpatayA vA dRzyamAnaM bhAtIti vaktavyam / tatra yadi pUrvarUpatayA dRzyamAnaM pratibhAti tathA sati pUrvarUpAnubhava eva, na vartamAnarUpAdhigatiriti sarvA'dhyakSamatiH smRtirUpatAmAsAdayet / atha dRzyamAnatayA pUrvarUpAdhigatiH tatrApi sphuTamanubhUyamAnameva rUpam na pUrvarUpatA, nahi sA tirohitA'pratibhAsamAnamUrtirastIti zakyaM vaktum, yadeva hi tatra dRzi pratibhAti vartamAnaM rUpaM tadeva sad yuktam / / na ca pUrvarUpatApi tatra bhAtyeveti vaktavyam, yataH sA kiM tasyAmeva dRzi pratibaddhA pratibhAti yadvA pUrvasyAm atha smRtau- iti kalpanAtrayam / tatrAdyakalpanAyAM pUrvarUpatAmasanihitAmadhigacchantI dRg anRtA bhavet / atha pUrvakAlatA saMnihitaiva- nanvevaM sati sApi saMnihitA tatra prakAzamAnA vartamAnaiva bhavet nAtItA, tathA ca na pUrvAparabhedaH / yadi tat smaraNAdhyakSarUpaM darzanaM vartamAnarUpatAM pUrvarUpatAM ca padArthasya pratyeti tathA sati saMnihitA'saMnihitasvarUpagrAhi saMvivayaM parasparabhinnaM bhavet / tathAhivarttamAnatAsAkSAtkAri saMvitsvarUpaM na pUrvarUpagrAhisvarUpatayA bhAti, nApi pUrvarUpatAvedakaM sAmpratikarUpasAkSAtkArirUpatayA cakAsti, kathaM na bhedaH saMvedanasya ? anyathA sarvatra bhedoparatiprasaktiH / nApi dvitIyakalpanA, yataH tatrApi pUrvadRgadhunA nAstIti kathamasatI sA grAhikA bhavet ? atha pUrvaM tayA gRhItamityucyate tatrApi kiM vartamAnaM rUpaM tayA gRhItam utAnyat ? yadyanyat kathamekatA ? sphuraNa svIkAra kiyA jAya to aisA hogA ki vastu ko pahalIbAra dekhane ko Aye hue vyakti ko bhI usakI pUrvarUpatA kA patA cala jAyegA / yadi aisA kaheM ki- naye vyakti ko pahale usakA darzana nahIM huA thA, pUrvarUpatA ke grahaNa ke liye usa ke pAsa pUrvadarzanarUpa sAmagrI na hone se usakA grahaNa nahIM ho sakegA / - to yaha ThIka nahIM, kyoki nirantaradarzanavAda meM pUrvakSaNa meM darzana to vahI thA isaliye (usako to pUrvadarzana meM gina nahIM sakate aura) anya kisI pUrvadarzana ke saMnidhAna kA abhAva to sabhI ke liye samAna hai, ata: pUrvadarzana kA saMnidhAna kaise abhedagrahaNa meM sahakArI hogA ? yadi kaheM ki- naye dekhane vAle ko nirantaradarzana na hone se abhedabodha nahIM hogA kintu nirantadarzanavAle ko 'yaha vahI darzana hai' aisA abhedabodha ho sakatA hai / to isa para socanA cAhiye ki darzana bhale eka mAnA jAya phira bhI jo pUrva meM sphurita huA hai vahI vartamAna meM sphurita nahIM hotaa| kaise yaha dekhiye- 'yaha vahI darzana hai' isa meM 'yaha' zabda vartamAna-dRzyamAna rUpa sUcita karatA hai aura 'vahI' zabda tadrUpatA (pUrvarUpatA) ko sUcita karanevAlA hai- aba yahA~ do vikalpa prazna hoMge ki 'tadrUpatA' dRzyamAna-vartamAnarUpa se 'yaha vahI darzana hai ' isa pratIti meM bhinna bhAsita hotI hai yA abhinna ? yadi bhinna bhAsita hotI hai taba to tadrUpatA ke abheda ko sthAna hI nahIM hai / yadi abhinna bhAsatI hai to do meM se kauna se prakAra se abhinna bhAsatI hai - 'dRzyamAnarUpa se pUrvarUpa bhAsita hotA hai yA pUrvarUpatayA dRzyamAna rUpa bhAsita hotA hai ? yadi dRzyamAnarUpa pUrvarUpatayA bhAsita hotA ho taba vAstava meM vaha dRzyamAnarUpa nahIM hai kintu pUrvarUpAnubhavarUpa hI hai, matalaba koI bhI pratyakSabuddhi pUrvarUpavedaka hone ke kAraNa smRtimaya hI banI rahegI / yadi pUrvarUpa kA dRzyamAnarUpatayA

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334 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atha tadeva, tatrApi na pramANamasti, pUrvAparadRzora saMsparzastu pratibhAsabhedAt pratibhAsyamapi bhinatti / "nApi tRtIyA kalpanA, yataH smRtireva pUrvarUpatAM nirantaradarzino'vabhAsayati na dRgiti prAptam tacceSTameva / tathAhi - yasya smRtirnAsti tadaivAgatasya nAsau mAsAdiparigatamarthamadhyavasyati / nanu ca smRtAvapi pU. avabodha hotA hai taba vAstava meM vaha dRzyamAnarUpa kA hI anubhava hai, pUrvarUpa kA nahIM / aisA nahIM kaha sakate ki- 'pUrvarUpatA kI mUrti kA avabhAsa bhale na ho, guptarUpa se usakI hastI to hotI hai'- aisA kaheMge to zazasIMga kI hastI svIkAranA hogA, vAstava meM 'yaha vahI hai' isa darzana meM vartamAnarUpa hI bhAsita hotA hai isaliye sirpha darzana meM bhAsita honevAle vartamAnarUpa ko hI 'sat' mAnanA yukti-anusArI hai / pUrvarUpatA sphurita hone para tIna vikalpa aisA mata kahanA ki- 'pUrvarUpatA bhI darzana meM surita hotI hI hai - kyoMki vaha sphurita kaise hotI hai- usI darzana meM pratibaddha ho kara sphurita hotI hai yA pUrvadarzana meM athavA smRti meM saMbaddha ho kara ? ye tIna saMbhavita kalpanA haiM / prathama meM, vaha darzana mithyA hone kI Apatti hai, kyoMki pUrvarUpatA saMnihita na hone para bhI vaha usa darzana meM sambaddha ho kara bhAsita hotI hai / yadi kaheM ki pUrvarUpatA saMnihita hI hai taba to saMnihita raha kara sphurita honevAlI vaha atItamaya na ho kara vartamAnamaya hI bhAsita hogI, phalata: pUrva-apara kA bheda jJAta nahIM ho sakegA / jisako Apa pratyabhijJA kahate ho jisa ko smaraNa- aura adhyakSa kA militarUpa mAnate ho, vaisA darzana yadi padArtha kI vartamAnarUpatA aura pUrvarUpatA ko grahaNa karatA hai to aisA hone para saMnihita vartamAnarUpatA aura asaMnihita pUrvarUpatA ko bhAsita karanevAlA saMvedana eka nahIM kintu do hai jo ki paraspara virodhi rUpa ko grahaNa karate haiM / kaise yaha dekhiye- vartamAnatA ko sAkSAt karane vAlA saMvedanarUpa pUrvarUpatAgrAhakarUpa se anubhava gocara nahIM hotA, evaM pUrvarUpatAsaMvedirUpa vartamAnatAsAkSAtkAraka ke rUpa meM anubhavagocara nahIM hotA- isa prakAra saMvedana kA dvaividhya yAnI bheda nahIM kyoM hogA ? yadi nahIM hogA to phira vizva meM kahIM bhI bheda ko baiThane kA nyAyocita sthAna hI nahIM milegA, kyoMki virodhidharmadvayasamAveza ke bAvajuda bhI Apako bheda iSTa nahIM hai / dvitIya-tRtIya vikalpoM kI samIkSA* pUrva darzana se sambaddha ho kara pUrvarUpatA uttara darzana meM sphurita hotI hai vaha dvitIya kalpanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kAraNa, pUrvadarzana hI vartamAna meM asat hai, asat hone para vaha pUrvarUpatA kA prakAzaka kaise ho sakegA ? yadi kaheM ki pUrvakSaNa meM usane pUrvarUpatA ko gRhIta kara liyA hai to prazna hai ki kaise gRhIta kiyA haipUrvakSaNa meM usakA vartamAnarUpa gRhIta kiyA thA yA anya koI rUpa ? yadi anya kisI rUpa ko gRhIta kiyA thA taba to vartamAna rUpa ke sAtha usakI ekatA kI bAta hI kahA~ rahI ? Apa to pUrvarUpa aura vartamAnarUpa ko eka siddha karanA cAhate haiM, yadi pUrvakAlIna darzana ne vartamAnabhinna rUpa ko gRhIta kiyA thA to usakA vartamAnarUpa ke sAtha aikya svata: prahata ho jAtA hai- yaha tAtparya hai / yadi kaheM ki vartamAnarUpa ko hI gRhIta kiyA thA- to usa vidhAna meM koI pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki sUtra meM na piroye gaye maNiyoM kI taraha pUrva-apara darzanoM meM koI sambandha hI nahIM hotA / sambandha na hone ke kAraNa hI pUrva-apara darzana ke pratibhAsa meM bheda sUcita hotA hai aura vahI pratibhAsa-bheda apane viSayoM meM bhI bheda sUcita kara detA hai / * 'zorasaMsparzonasaMsparzastu' iti pATha: liMbaDIAdarza / 'zorasaMsparzAda asaMsparzastu' iti atrocitapATha: bhAti- tadanusAreNa vyAkhyAtamatra /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 335 rUpatA yadi cakAsti tathApi satyeva 'upalabdhiH sattA' [ ] iti vacanAt / asadetat yataH smRtirapi na varttamAnakAlaparigatamavatarati tamanavatarantI ca na tadabhinnaM pUrvaM rUpamAdarzayituM samartheti na sApyabhedagrahadakSA / tasmAt pUrvadRganusAriNI smRtirapi varttamAnadRzo bhinnaviSayaiva / atha ' tadevedam' iti darzanasamAnAdhikaraNatayA smRtyutpatteH pUrvAparAbhinnArthatA | nanu kimidaM sAmAnAdhikaraNyam ? yadi darzana - smRtyorabhinnAvabhAsitA tadayuktam, pratibhAsabhedAt / tathAhi - darzanaM sphuTapratibhAsaM varttamAnArthaviSayatayA'vabhAti, smaraNamapyaspaSTapratibhAsaM bibhrANaM parokSollekhavadAbhAti tat kathamekaH pratibhAsaH ? pratibhAsa (va ? ) bhedAcca rUpasparzasaMvidorapi viSayabhedaH, tata evaikatvaM na kvacidapi bhAtIti na vastusat / bhavatu vA kalpanollekhaviSayo'bhedaH tathApi pratibhAsabhedAnnA'bhedaH ityuktam / anenaiva nyAyena darzanasyApyabhedo niSeddhavyaH / tathAhi darzanamapi nirastabahirarthapratibhAsamAtmAnamevodyotayituM samartham tatraiva paryavasitatvAt na bahirartham, nApi narAntarasaMvedanam, tadavedane ca na tato'bhinnamAtmAnamAkhyAtumalam / na ca tato bhedAvedanamevAbhedavedanam viparyaye'pyasya samAnatvAt / tathAhi bhedAvAdinApyetacchakyate vaktum - anyato'bhedAvedanameva bhedavedanaM saMvedanasya / kiMca, svasaMvedane'nyAnu - "tIsarI kalpanA - smRti se sambaddha ho kara pUrvarUpatA darzana meM sphurita hotI hai- ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki taba to yahI phalita hogA ki smRti hI niraMtara dekhane vAle ko pUrvarUpatA kA avabodha karAtI hai na ki darzana, aura yaha to hameM bhI mAnya hI hai / [tAtparya, pUrvarUpatA darzana meM sphurita nahIM hotI, smRti meM jo bhAsita hotA hai usI ko 'pUrva' saMjJA de dI gayI hai / ] spaSTa hai ki naye Ane vAle ko smaraNa nahIM hai, usako 'isako eka mahInA huA' aisA adhyavasAya artha ke bAre meM kabhI nahIM hotA / AzaMkA :- darzana meM nahIM sahI, smRti meM bhI pUrvarUpatA jaba bhAsita hotI hai to vaha sadrUpa hI honI cAhiye na ki asadrUpa, kyoMki smRti bhI eka prakAra se upalabdhi hI hai aura Apane hI kahA hai ki 'upalabdhi hI sattA hai / ' - uttara :- yaha galata bAta hai kyoMki smRti bhI varttamAnakAla se sambaddha pUrvarUpatA kA prakAzana nahIM karatI, ata eva vaha pUrvarUpa ko varttamAna rUpa se abhinna dikhAne ke liye asamartha hai, isa liye smRti meM bhI abhedagrahaNapaTutA nahIM ho sakatI / niSkarSa pUrvadarzana kA anusaraNa karanevAlI smRti kA viSaya, varttamAnadarzana ke viSaya se bhinna hI hai| - Jain Educationa International darzana aura smRti kA abhedAnubhava ayukta AzaMkA : 'tadevedam = yaha vahI hai' aisA anubhava sabhI ko hotA hai, isa anubhava meM darzana kA viSaya idaMtA (= yahapana) hai aura smRti kA viSaya tattA (= vahapana) hai| ukta anubhava meM ina donoM kA samAnAdhikaraNya bhAsita hotA hai / ataH darzanaviSaya ke sAtha samAnAdhikaraNyavAle apane viSaya ko bhAsita karatI huI smRti utpanna hotI hai / athavA ' tadevedam' isa anubhava meM 'tad' aMza smRtirUpatA kA aura 'idam ' aMza pratyakSarUpatA kA ullekha karatA hai, sAtha sAtha donoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI bhAsita hotA hai| ataH donoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya *. 'pratibhAsavabhedAva (bhAsanadebhede ca )' iti pUrvamudrite, atra tu liM0 pratyanusAreNa / For Personal and Private Use Only

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336 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam bhAsanameva tato bhedadarzanam / tathAhi - yad yathA pratibhAti tat tathA'bhyupagantavyam yathA nIlaM nIlarUpatayA pratibhAsamAnaM tathaivAbhyupagamaviSayaH bahirarthanarAntarasaMvedanaviviktatayA ca darzanaM svasaMvittau pratibhAtIti tathaiva tavyavahAraviSayaH anyathA sakalavyavahArocchedaprasaMgAt / na ca svadarzanamevA'parokSatayA svavapuSi pratibhAtIti tadeva sadastu parasaMvidAdayastu na nirbhAnti kathaM tAH satyAH ? kathaM vA tataH svasaMvido bhedaH ? anumAnenA'pi na tAsAmadhigatiH pratyakSA'pravRttau tatrAnumA- nAnavatArAt tadavatArepi na tad vastusattAM sAdhayituM kSamam vyavahAramAtreNaiva tasya prAmANyAditi vaktavyam - yato yadi svadarzanaM paradarzanasaMvidAdau na pravartate parasaMvedanamapi svadarzanAdau na pravartate, iti kathaM svadarzanasyApi satyatA ? atha svadarzanamaparokSatayA svavapuSi pratibhAtIti satyam - nanvevaM paradarzanamapi tathaiva pratibhAtIti kathaM na satyam ? na hi svaviSayaM pratibhAsamAbibhrANA bhAvA anyatrAnyathA ho isa rUpa se jo smRti kI utpatti hotA hai usa se yaha phalita ho jAtA hai ki pUrva aura apara arthoM meM bheda nahIM, abheda hai| uttara : yahA~ prazna hai ki yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya kyA hai ? 'darzana aura smRti kA abhinnarUpa se bhAsita honA' aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki darzana aura smRti donoM hI bhinna bhinna pratibhAsarUpa meM sarvavidita hai| kaise yaha bhI dekhiye - darzana kA anubhava spaSTa pratibhAsarUpa meM hotA hai jaba ki smRti kA anubhava aspaSTa pratibhAsarUpa meM hotA hai / tathA darzana vartamAnArthaviSayaka hotA hai jaba ki smRti parokSa artha kA ullekha karatI hai| itanA spaSTa bheda hote hue darzana aura smRti ko eka pratibhAsarUpa kaise mAna sakate haiM ? pratibhAsa bhinna bhinna hone para una ke viSayoM meM bhI bheda prasiddha hogA, jaise rUpasaMvedana aura sparzasaMvedana bhinna hai to una ke viSaya meM bhI bheda hai / jaba viSayabheda siddha huA to phalita hotA hai ki 'tadevedam' ityAdi pratItiyoM meM vAstava meM kahIM bhI ekatva bhAsita nahIM hotA hai isa liye ekatva vAstavika nahIM hai / hA~, kalpanA meM abhedarUpa viSaya kA ullekha mAna sakate haiM, kintu vAstavikatA pratibhAsabhedaprayukta abhedaniSedha kA samarthana karatI hai yaha kaI bAra kaha diyA hai| jJAnAdvaitavAda kA pratiSedha vastuabheda kA jisa nyAya se niSedha huA usI nyAya ke anusAra darzana ke abheda kA yAnI jJAnAdvaitavAda kA bhI nirasana ho sakatA hai| kaise yaha dekhiye - darzana sirpha apanA hI prakAzana karane ke liye samartha hai bAhyArtha kA pratibhAsa usa se vyAvRtti hI rahatA hai, kyoMki vaha apane Apa meM hI paryavasita = svamAtranirata hotA hai / na to vaha bAhyArtha kA udbhAsa karatA hai na anya vyakti kA / jaba vaha bAhyArtha yA saMvedana kA anubhava hI nahIM karatA to una ke sAtha abhinnatA kA vedana kaise kara pAyegA ? yadi kaheM ki - una ke sAtha bheda kA bhI vedana nahIM hotA, aura yahI bhedakA avedana abhedavedana hai / - to isase ulTA siddha karane ke liye bhI samAnarUpa se yaha kaha sakate haiM ki bAhyArthAdi se abheda kA vedana nahIM hotA vahI saMvedana kA bhedavedana vAstava meM svasaMvedana meM anya kA avabhAsa na honA yahI bhedadarzana hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - jo jaisA anubhUta hotA ho vaisA hI usa ko mAnanA cAhiye / udA0 nIlAkAratayA anubhUta hone vAle rUpa ko nIlarUpa

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 337 pratibhAsamanavatarantaH svarUpeNApyasanto nAma / yathA ca parasaMvidAdInAmasatyatve na tataH svadarzanasya bhedasiddhiH tathA'bhedasyApItyuktam / parasaMvedane ca pratyakSAnavatArepyanumAnapravRttirupapanaiva, svasantatau nizcitasaMvedanapratibandhavyApAravyAhArAdeliMgasya parasantatAvupalambhAt parasaMvedanaprasiddhiranumAnanibandhanA yuktaiva / atisUkSmekSikayA santAnAntarapratipattyabhAvAbhyupagame svasaMvinmAtrasyApyabhAvaprasake: jJAnAdvaitavAdasya datta eva jalAJjaliH / tadevaM saMvido dezAbhedo nAvagaMtuM zakyaH / nApi kAla(lA)bhedo'vagamArhaH / tathAhi - yadA saMvid vartamAnA bhAti tadA na pUrvikAH, tadanavabhAse ca na tadapekSayA 'abhinnA' ityavasAtuM zakyA / atha pUrvasaMvit smaraNe pratibhAtIti prakAzamAna-smaryamANayoH saMvidorabhedAvagamaH / ayuktametat, yataH smRtAvapi saMvid vartamAnA na prathate, pUrvadarzaname(?e)va smRtervyApArAt / sA hi pUrvadarzanamevAdhyavasyantI pratibhAtIti kathamapratibhAsamAnaM vatamAnasaMvedanaM (pUrvasaM)vidA'bhinnabhAdayituM prabhuH ? api ca smaraNamapi svatattvamudbhAsayat tatraivoparatahI mAnA jAtA hai / darzana bhI apane saMvedana meM bAhyArtha aura anyavyaktisaMvedanazUnya hI anubhUta hotA hai isa liye usa kA una donoM se bhinna rUpa meM hI vyavahAra karanA cAhiye / yadi anubhava ke anurUpa vyavahAra nahIM mAneMge to sabhI vyavahAroM ke uccheda kA atiprasaMga hogaa| bAhyArtha aura parasaMvedana meM asatyatvazaMkA - samAdhAna AzaMkA : apane deha meM aparokSarUpa se darzana svayaM saMvidita hotA hai, aura kucha bhI saMvidita nahIM hotA, isa liye svadarzana hI satya hai, parakIya saMvedanAdi athavA bAhyArtha satya nahIM hai, ata eva una se jo svasaMvedana meM bheda dikhAyA jAtA hai vaha bhI pratiyogI asat hone se asat hai| anumAna bhI parasaMvedana yA usa ke bheda kA avabodha nahIM karAtA, jaba pratyakSa hI usa kA nahIM hotA to tadAzrita anumAna bhI kaise hogA ? kadAcit pratyakSa ke vinA bhI anumAnapravRtti ho jAya phira bhI usa se vastusattA kI siddhi hone kA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki anumAna bhI vikalparUpa hone se apramANa hI hotA hai, vyavahAramAtra ke liye vaha pramANa kahA jAtA hai| uttara : aisI AzaMkA bolane jaisI nahIM, svadarzana se parakIyadarzana kA yA usa ke bheda kA saMvedana nahIM hotA isI se yadi paradarzana asatya mAnA jAya to paradarzana se svadarzana kA bhI saMvedana nahIM hotA to use bhI kaise satya mAnA jAya ? yadi apane deha meM aparokSarUpa se svadarzana sphurita hotA hai isa liye vaha satya hai - to aise parakIya darzana bhI usa ke deha meM aparokSarUpa se sphuratA hai to vaha bhI satya kyoM nahIM ? apane viSaya ko apane Apa pratibhAsita karane vAle padArtha kadAcita anya saMtAnoM meM eka-yA-dasare rUpa meM pratibhAsita na kara pAye to itane mAtra se ve svarUpata: asatya nahIM ho jAte / parakIya saMvedana kA svadarzana meM sphuraNa na hone para yadi svadarzana meM usa ke bheda ko asiddha mAnA jAya to vaise hI usa ke abheda ko bhI asiddha mAnanA hogaa| parasaMvedana kA pratyakSa bhale nahIM hotA, anumAna to usakA ho sakatA hai| apane deha meM jo saMvedanaparamparA anubhUta hai usa ke sAtha yaha sambandha bhI anubhUta hai ki sukhasaMvedana hotA hai taba sukha ke udgAra nikalate haiM, duHkhasaMvedana hotA hai taba du:kha ke - nirAzA ke udgAra sahasA hI nikala jAte haiM / isa sambandha kA nizcaya jisa ko rahatA hai usa ko anya vyakti ke duHkhodgArAdi kA zravaNa hone para, duHkhodgArAdiliMgaka anyasantAnagata

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338 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyApAra pratibhAti, na tu tatra pUrva darzanaM svarUpeNa cakAsti pracyutasvarUpatvAt tasya / na coparatasvarUpamapi pUrvadarzanaM smRtau pratibhAtIti yuktam cakAsato rUpasya smRtAvapAyAt / cakAsadrUpasaMbhave ca vartamAnaM tad darzanaM syAt nAtItam / yata idamevAtItasyAtItatvaM yat cakAsadrUpavirahaH / tathAtvAbhyupagame ca na grahaNamiti kathamabhedAvagamaH ? atha yadA smRtau na pUrvadarzanAvabhAsaH tathA sati pratibhAsavirahAt smRtireva svarUpeNA''bhAti, sA ca svarUpeNAbhinnayogakSematvAdabhineti kathaM nAbhedapratibhAsaH ? asadetat - anyAnupravezena pratibhAse sati tadapekSayA'bhedavyavasthiteH / yadA ca smRtau pUrvadarzanaM nAvabhAti tadA tadapeyA kathaM tasyAbhedAvagatiH iti na kAlabhedo'pi saMvidaH pratyetuM zakyaH / bhedastvekasminneva kAle bahirnIlAtmA pratibhAsamAnavapuH antazca sukhAdisaMvedanaM svaprakAzatanu pratibhAtIti kathaM na pratItigocaraH ? tathA, madhurazItAdisaMvedanamanekaM svaprakAzavapuryugapat sarvaprANinAM prasiddhamiti na tadbhedaH parAkartuM zakyaH / yataH sukhAdisaMvedanamAtmani paryavasitam-tadAtmakatvAt-na nIladuHkhasaMvedana kA anumAna sahaja ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra se anumAna ke dvArA parasaMvedana bhI siddha ho sakatA hai| yadi pratyakSa ke vinA anumAna nahIM ho sakatA ityAdi nirarthaka sUkSma samIkSA meM ulajha kara anyasaMtAnagata pratIti kA apalApa karane jAyeMge to anumAna ke vinA pratyakSa nahIM ho sakatA... ityAdi sUkSma samIkSA se svardazana kA bhI apalApa karane ke cakkara meM gira jAyeMge, phira jJAnadvaitavAda ko jalAJjalI de denA hogA / niSkarSa, svasaMvedana parasaMvedanoM meM daizika abheda kI siddhi zakya nahIM hai / *kAlika abheda kI siddhi meM pramANAbhAva * daizika abheda kI taraha kAlika abheda bhI pramANasiddhapada prApta nahIM kara sakatA / kaise yaha suniye - vartamAnakAlIna saMvedana jaba sphurita ho rahA hai usa samaya pUrvakAlIna saMvedana sphurita nahIM hotA hai, isa liye usa ke abheda kA bhAna bhI 'abhinna' aisA nahIM ho pAtA / yadi kaheM ki - pUrvakAlIna saMvedana kA bhAna smRti meM hotA hai, isa prakAra smRti meM ullikhita hone vAle aura darzana meM ullikhita hone vAle saMvedanoM meM ekatva kA avabodha kiyA jA sakegA / - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, smRti meM jo saMvedana sphurita hotA hai vaha 'vartamAna' nahIM hotA, smRti kA to sirpha pUrvadarzana kA ullekha karane meM hI yogadAna rahatA hai / vartamAna darzana jaba usa meM ullikhita hI nahIM hotA sirpha pUrvadarzana ko adhyavasita karatI huI smRti lakSita hotI hai, vartamAna sahavedana to usa meM sphurita nahIM hotA to pUrvasaMvedana ke sAtha usa kI abhinnatA kA pradarzana smRti se kaise ho sakegA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki smRti bhI eka jJAna hai / jJAnAdvaitavAda meM to jJAna svamAtraprakAzaka hotA hai / ataH smRti bhI apane tattva kA hI prakAzana karane meM nimagna rahegI, apane tattva ko prakAzita karane meM hI vaha kRtakRtya bana jAyegI, pUrvadarzana to smRtikAla meM vinaSTasvarUpa hai isa liye smRti meM vaha apane mUla svarUpa se bhAsita hone vAlA hI nhiiN| [taba usa kA abheda kaise lakSita hogA !] "pUrvadarzana kA svarUpa smRti kAla meM viniSTa hai phira bhI vaha smRti meM sphurita hotA hai", aisA mAnanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki smRti meM darzana kA sphuraNa apAyagrasta hai / yadi smRti jJAna meM darzana kA spaSTa sphuraNa hotA hai taba to vaha sphurita hone vAlA darzana atIta na raha kara vartamAnasvarUpa bana jaayegaa| atIta kA atItatva yahI hai ki spaSTa sphuraNAtmaka

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dvitIya: khaNDa:-kA0-3 nirbhAsamavaiti, nIlani so'pi - apratyakSa(? aparokSa)nIlAtmakatvAt - tatraiva pariniSThita iti kathaM paraspararUpAnavabhAsane sukha-nIlasaMvidona bhedAvagatiH ? abhedo hanyApekSa ityanyAnavagame'vagaMtumazakyaH bhedastu sakalAnyapadArthavyAvRttabhAvasvarUpaH so'nyapratibhAsarahitasvarUpapratibhAsasaMvedanAdevAvagataH iti kathaM na svapratibhAse'parasaMvedanA pratibhAsanameva svasaMvido bhedavedanam ? pUrvAparasaMvedanAdapi svasaMvedanasya bhedo'vagamyata eva / tathAhi - tadapi vartamAnA'parokSAkAraM svasaMvedane pratibhAti na pUrvApararUpatayA'saMnihitagrahaNaM hi pUrvApararUpagrahaNam, na ca tat saMnihitasvarUpasAkSAtkAraNasvabhAvasvasaMvedanamAtmasAtkaroti tayorvirodhAt / tadevaM svasaMvedanamapi na pUrvAparabhAve vRttimaditi sarva vizadapratibhAsasaMgataM vartamAnameva / yacca manAgapi na pUrvAparabhAvasaMsparzi tat kSaNabhedasaMgatimanubhavatIti siddhaH saMvido'pi kAlabhedaH / tathA, ekakSaNaniyato'pi pratibhAsaH pratiparamANubhinnaH itarena honA / yaha bAta yadi mAnya hai to phalita yaha hogA ki smRti meM atIta darzana kA sphuraNa yA grahaNa nahIM hotA, phira abhedagrahaNa kI to bAta hI kahA~ ?! ___ smRti meM abheda kA sphuraNa kyoM nahIM ? prazna :- smRti meM pUrvadarzana kA sphuraNa hI nahIM hotA, isa sthiti meM anya pratibhAsa kA viraha hone se kevala smRti hI apane svarUpa se sphurita hotI hai / smRti kA svarUpa aura smRti ye donoM tulya yogakSema hone se abhinna hI hote haiM, jaba smRti aura usa se abhinna usa kA svarUpa sphurita hotA hai to abheda kA sphuraNa nahIM hotA yaha kaise kahA jAya ? uttara :- prazna hI galata hai / yahA~ anya hote huye svarUpa kA smRti meM anupraveza bhAsita nahIM hotA hai, jahA~ anya anupravezapUrvaka pratibhAsa hotA ho vahA~ hI bhinna hai yA abhinna isa carcA ko avakAza hotA hai| vahA~ pramANa se abheda vyavasthA kI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai / kintu yahA~ to smRti meM pUrvadarzana kA sphuraNa hI nahIM hotA, taba usakI apekSA se abheda hone kA bodha kaise zakya hai ?! niSkarSa, saMvedana meM kAlata: abheda hone kA avabodha zakya nahIM hai| bheda kA to saMvedana hotA hai / eka hI kAla meM kabhI bAhyArtha nIlAdi spaSTa sphurita hotA hai to kabhI svata: prakAzamAna deha vAlA Antara sukhAdi saMvedana sphurita hotA hai / kaise bola sakate haiM ki bheda anubhavagocara nahIM hotA ? madhurasaMvedanazarIra aura zItasaMvedanazarIra svayaM sphurita hote hue eka sAtha sabhI prANiyoM ko anubhavagocara hote haiM isaliye una bhedoM kA apalApa nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, sukhAdisaMvedana sirpha apanI sukhAdisaMvedanazIlatA meM hI nirata hotA hai, kyoMki vaha saMvedana svayaM hI sukhAdimaya hai / isaliye vaha nIlanirbhAsasaMvedi nahIM hotaa| nIla nirbhAsa bhI apratyakSanIlAtmaka (?aparokSanIlAtmaka) hone ke kAraNa apane meM hI nirata rahatA hai; ina donoM saMvedanoM meM eka-dUsare kA ullekha bhI nahIM hotA, isa sthiti meM sukhasaMvedana aura nIlasaMvedana meM bhedagrahaNa kaise nahIM hogA ? abheda to anyasApekSa hone ke kAraNa anya ke ajJAta rahane para jJAta nahIM ho sakatA, bheda to svatantra hai, jo anya samasta padArthoM se vyAvRttasvabhAvAtmaka hotA hai aura anyapratibhAsa ke viraha meM svamAtra ke pratibhAsAtmaka saMvedana se hI prasiddha ho jAtA hai / isa sthiti meM, svapratibhAsa meM anyasaMvedana ke pratibhAsa

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340 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tarasaMvitparamANvanupraveze vA ekANumAtraH saMvitparamANupiNDaH syAt, tatazca punarapyaparasaMvitparamANorabhAvenApratibhAsane bhedAvagama eva / tadevaM deza-kAlA''kArairjagataH parasparaparihAreNopalambhapravRtterbhadAdhigatirvyavasthitA / na cAbhedavAdinaH parasparaparihAreNa dezAdInAmupalambho'siddhaH adhyakSasiddhe'siddhatodbhAvanasya vaiyAtyaprakaTanaparatvAt / bhedavAdinopi parasparaM tada(na)nupravezaH syAdityabhihitvAcca / / yadapi 'athAkArabhedAd bhedaH sa ca samAnAsamAnasamayabhinnasaMvedanA'grAhyo'bhinnasaMvedanAnavaseyazca' ...ityAdi [274-9] dUSaNamabhyadhAyi, tadapi pratItibAdhitatvAdanudghoSyam, vijJAna-zUnyavAdAnanukUlatayA kA viraha kaho yA anyasaMvedana ke sAtha bheda kA anubhava kaho, kyA pharka paDatA hai ? vartamAnasaMvedana ko pUrvApara ke sAtha saMsarga nahIM pUrva-apara saMvedanoM ke sAtha bhI svayaMsaMvedana kA bhedAnubhava ho sakatA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - svasaMvedana vartamAna evaM aparokSasvarUpa meM apane saMvedana meM sphurita hotA hai, pUrva yA aparasaMvedana ke rUpa meM vaha sphurita nahIM hotA / apane se asaMnihita ko grahaNa karanA yahI pUrva yA apara saMvedana kA grahaNa hai / pUrvApara saMvedana kabhI bhI saMnihitasaMvedana ke svarUpa ke sAkSAtkArasvabhAva ke sAtha tAdAtmya kA anubhava nahIM karatA / kAraNa, saMnihita aura asaMnihita meM virodha hai isaliye svasaMvedana meM virodha ke kAraNa asaMnihita kA tAdAtmya nahIM hogA / svasaMvedana meM jaise pUrvApara kA tAdAtmya nahIM hai vaise hI pUrvApara meM svasaMvedana kI tAdAtmyavRtti bhI nahIM hai| isa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki jo spaSTapratibhAsa ko AtmasAt kiyA huA hai vaha sirpha vartamAna hI hotA hai / jisa ko lezamAtra bhI pUrvApara kI saMgata nahIM hai usa ke svarUpa kA paryavasAna kSaNabheda meM hI saMgata hotA hai / isa prakAra saMvedana kA kAlabheda nirbAdha siddha hotA hai / tathA, kSaNika pratibhAsa bhI prati paramANu bhinna bhinna hotA hai - yaha AkArabheda hai athavA jyoti me jyoti kA yA jvAlA meM jyAlA kA jaise anupraveza hotA hai vaise eka paramANusaMvedana meM anya paramANusaMvedana kA anupraveza bhI mAna sakate haiM aura taba samasta saMvedanaparamANupiNDa sirpha eka saMvedanaparamANusvarUpa ThaharegA / usa sthiti meM anya pRthak saMvedanaparamANu kI hastI hI na hone se usa ke pratibhAsa kA na honA yaha bhI bhedAvabhAsa hI hai| ukta rIti se deza, kAla aura AkAra ko lekara eka-dUsare se pRthak pRthak eka-dUsare kI upalabdhi kA honA yahI bhedAvabodha hai - yaha vyavasthita siddha hotA hai / abhedavAdI yaha to nahIM kaha sakatA ki - hamAre mata meM eka-dUsare dezAdi kA pRthak pRthak upalambha hI nahIM hotA - aisA kahanA to pratyakSasiddha padArtha ke astitva ko hI miTA dene jaisA hai - sirpha vakratA kA pradarzana hai / pahale hI kaha Aye haiM ki abhedavAdI yadi eka-dUsare kI pRthak upalabdhi kA apalApa karatA hai to bhedavAdI eka paramANusaMvedana meM anyaparamANusaMvedana ke anupraveza kA bhI niSedha kara sakatA hai| bhedavAda meM prayukta AkSepoM kA pratikAra yaha jo pahale kahA thA ki [275-27] - AkArabheda se bhI bheda ghaTa nahIM sakatA, kyoMki vaha svasamAnakAlIna athavA svabhinnakAlIna aise svabhinnasaMvedana se gRhIta nahIM hotA tathA svata: svAbhitrasaMvedana se bhI gRhIta nahIM 'mANvananupraveze' iti puurvmudrite| atra tu liM0 AdarzAnusAreNa pAThaH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 341 ca paryAyAstikamatAnusAriNo na kSatimAvahati / yadapi 'grAmA''rAmAdibhedapratibhAso'vidyAviracitatvAdapAramArthikaH [ ] ityabhidhAnam - tadapyasamyak itaretarAzrayaprasakteH / tathAhi - avidyAviracitatvaM bhedapratibhAsasya apAramArthikasvarUpasaMgatyadhigateH, tatsadbhAvAcca(?vazva) avidyAnirmitatvapratipatti(? te)riti sphuTamitaretarAzrayatvam / abhedapratibhAse'pi kutaH pAramArthikatvam iti ca vaktavyam / yadi 'vidyAnirmitatvAt' ityucyeta tadA'trApItaretarAzrayatvaM tdvsthmitylmtiprsNgen| tana bhede pramANabAdhA / tatsadbhAvapratipAdakapramANabhAvastu darzitaH / abhedastu na pramANAvaseya ityApi darzitam / api ca advaite pramANa-prameyavyavahArasya pratyastamayAna tadabhyupagamo jyAyAn, yatastadvayavahArazcatuSTayAkSepapUrvakaH / taduktam - "catasRSu bhedavidyAsu tattvaM parisamApyate yaduta pramAtA prameyam pramANam pramitiH" [ ] iti kuto'dvaitasya pramANAdhigamyatA ? yazcAgamo mantra-brAhmaNarUpo bhedaniSedhAyodAhRtaH [271-4/6] tasyArthavAdatvena pratIyamAnArthe'prAmANyamAgamapramANavAdinA'bhyupagantavyam anyathA pramANaviruddhatvena tadAbhAsatvaprasaMgAt / hotA - ityAdi jo bhedavAda meM agrahaNa prasaMga doSa dikhAyA thA, vaha saba bhedagrAhaka pramANAtmaka pratIti se bAdhita hone ke kAraNa bolane jaisA hI nahIM hai / bhedagrAhaka pratItiyoM kA nirdeza abhI kara Aye haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki jo bhedavAda meM dUSaNa batAye haiM usa se agara saMvedanabhinna vastumAtra ke abhAva kI siddhi apekSita ho to usa meM iSTApatti hai / tathA bhedamAtra kA virodha karane ke liye doSAropaNa karate haiM to pariNAma meM sarvazUnyavAda prasakta hogA, vaha bhI paryAyArthika naya ko iSTaprAptirUpa hI hai isa liye paryAyArthika nayavAdI kI koI kSati nahIM hai| __ yaha jo kahA jAtA hai - grAma-udyAna Adi meM hone vAlI bhedabuddhi avidyAmUlaka hone se apAramArthika hai - vaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki anyonyAzraya doSa lagatA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - bhedabuddhi meM apAramArthikatva kA bhAna hone para hI usa ke avidyAmUlakatva kI prasiddhi ho sakatI hai, lekina apAramArthikatva kI prasiddhi meM kyA AdhAra hai ? vidyAmUlakatva kA AdhAra batAyeMge to anyonyAzraya doSa prasakta hogA / vidyAmUlakatva kI siddhi pAramArthikatva kI siddhi hone para hogI aura pAramArthikatva kI siddhi vidyAmUlakatva siddha hone para hogii| isa prakAra abhedapratibhAsa meM bhI anyonyAzraya doSa tadavastha hai, aura kitanA prAsaMgika kahA jAya ? ! niSkarSa yaha hai ki bheda meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / bheda ke sadbhAva ke sAdhaka pramANoM kA nirdeza kaI bAra ho cukA hai / evaM abheda pramANaprasiddha nahIM hai yaha bhI dikhAyA hai / uparAMta yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki advaitavAda meM dvaitamUlaka pramANa-prameya vibhAga - vyavahAra kA bhI lopa prasakta hotA hai isa liye bhI advaitavAda kA aMgIkAra zobhAspada nahIM hai / pramANa-prameya kA vyavahAra advaita ke AdhAra para nahIM kintu nimnoktacatuSTaya ke AdhAra para hI ho sakatA hai / jaise ki kahA hai - "tattva cAra prakAroM meM vyApta hai, pramAtA-prameya-pramANa aura pramiti / " jaba kisI bhI vAgvyavahAra ke liye isa catuSTaya kI kama se kama AvazyakatA anivArya hai taba eka mAtra advaitatattva ko kaise pramANasiddha mAna liyA jAya ? pahale jo Agama pramANa ke rUpa meM 'indro mAyAbhiH pururUpa Iyate' isa Rgveda ke mantra kA, tathA 'neha nAnAsti kiMcana' isa bRhadAraNyaka ke brAhmaNa vAkya kA bhedaniSedha ke liye ullekha kiyA thA usa kA uttara yaha hai ki yaha saba arthavAda hai, vaidika paramparA meM AgamapramANavAdI loga arthavAda kA yathAzruta artha meM prAmANya

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342 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam ___yaccAbhedapakSe dUSaNamAzaMkyottaramabhyadhAyi [282-4] 'advaite kila zAstrANAm mumukSupravRttInAM ca vaiyarthyam' ityAzaMkya parihArAbhidhAnam, 'avidyAnivartakatvAt mumukSupravRtteH, tasyAzcAtattvarUpatvAna dvaitApattiH nApyanivartyatvam, vastusattve hyetad dvayaM bhaved' iti - tadapyasAram, yato yadi avastusatI avidyA kathameSA prayatnanivarttanIyA syAt ! na hyavastusantaH zazazRMgAdayo yatnanivartanIyatvamanubhavanto dRSTAH / atha sattve'pi kathaM nivRttiH ? tadanivRttau vA kathaM muktiH ? na sadetat, nahi satAM ghaTAdInAmanivRttiH tathA'vidyAyA api bhaviSyati / atha ghaTAdInAmapi na paramArthasattvam teSAmatAdavasthyAt / asadetat, yato'tAdavasthyat teSAmanityatA'stu nA'sattvam anyathA teSAM vyavahArAGgatA na syAt / atha na teSAM paramArthasattvAd vyavahArAGgatA kiMtu saMvRtyeti vyavahArAMgatve'pi ghaTAdayopi na paramArthasadrUpabhAjaH / asadetat - saMvRteH svabhAvA'saMvedanAt / tathAhi - sAMvRtamupacaritaM kAlpanika rUpamabhidhIyate, yacca kalpanAnirmitaM rUpaM tad bAdhakapratyayena vyAvartyate iti kathaM vyavahArAMgatAmajhuvIta ? yacca aparamArthasatAmapi satyakAryanivartakatvamupadarzitam [291-2] tat svarUpasaMgatedvaitapakSe kathaJcidupapattimat syAt / abhedapakSe tu satyavyatiriktasyAsatyasyAbhAvAt na kathaMcit kAryasAdhakatvamupapattimat / nahIM mAnate, kyoMki bhedaniSedhaka Agama ko yadi yathAzruta artha meM pramANa mAnane kA Agraha rakheMge to vaha Agama na raha kara AgamAbhAsa hI kahalAyegA, kyoMki bhedaniSedhaka Agama ke sAtha pUrvokta pratyakSAdi pramANoM kA sIdhA virodha hai / pratyakSAdi anya pramANoM se viruddha artha kA nirUpaNa karane vAle Agama satya na ho kara AbhAsarUpa hI hote haiM / dRSTa aura iSTa ke aviruddha artha kA upadezaka Aptavacana hI AgamapramANa ho sakatA hai| avidyA kI nivRtti kA asambhava abhedavAda meM dUSaNa kI AzaMkA karate hue jo uttara diyA gayA thA - pahale yaha AzaMkA jatAyI ki - 'advaitavAda meM kucha bhI sAdhya na hone se zAstra aura mumukSuprayatna nirarthaka ho jAyeMge' - bAda meM isa kA uttara dete hue kahA gayA thA - mumukSuprayatna avidyAnivarttaka hone se niSphala nahIM, avidyA tAttvika na hone se dvaitavAda kI Apatti bhI nahIM hai / avidyA kI nivRtti asAdhya bhI nahIM hai / tathA vaha yadi vAstava sat hotI taba brahma se bhinna hai yA abhinna ye vikalpayugala uThA sakate, kintu atAttvika hone se usa ko sthAna hI nahIM" - ityAdi saba asAra bhASaNa hai / avidyA yadi vAstava sat nahIM hai to prayatna se nivarttanIya svabhAva bhI kaise usameM ho sakatA hai ? avastubhUta zazasIMga Adi kI nivRtti ke liye kisIne kahIM kaSTAnubhava kiyA ho aisA sunA yA dekhA nahIM hai / prazna : yadi vaha vAstava sat hai to kaise nivRtta hogI ? vaha yadi nivRtta hI nahIM hogI to jIvoM kI mukti bhI kaise hogI ? uttara : aisA prazna ucita nahIM hai, kyA sadbhUta ghaTAdi padArthoM kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai ? jaise sat hone para bhI ghaTAdi kI nivRtti hotI hai vaise hI sat hote huye bhI avidyA kI nivRtti ho sakatI hai| yadi kaheM ki - "nivRtta hote haiM tadavastha nahIM raha pAte haiM, isI liye ghaTAdi bhI sat nahIM hai' - to yaha bhI galata vidhAna haiM, tadavastha nahIM raha pAte hai, to unheM anitya yA nAzavaMta mAnane meM buddhimattA hai, na ki asat mAnane meM / asat hone vAle padArtha zazasIMga Adi kI taraha kabhI kisI vyavahAra ke aMga nahIM bana pAte / AzaMkA : ghaTAdi pAramArthika sat hone se vyavahAra ke aMga hote haiM aisA nahIM hai, sAMvRta sat yAnI

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 343 yadapyabhyadhAyi 'bhedaviSayANAmupAyAnAM brahmarUpeNa sattvAt kAryakaraNam' - [291.6] etadapyayuktam, yato yena rUpeNa sattvaM tena kAryasAmarthyam yacca kAryopayogaM rUpaM teSAm tadasadeveti na brahmarUpeNApi santaH upAyAH kAryakaraNakSamAH, tataH sakalavyavahArapracyuterabhedasya na pramANagamyatA / yadapi 'sarvamekaM sadavizeSAt' ityuktam [269-5], a(nya)trApi kimayamadhyakSavyApAro nirdiSTaH AhosvidanumAnam ? yadi prathamaH pakSaH, sa na yuktaH sakalAdvaitagrAhahakatvenAdhyakSasya pratiSiddhatvAt / dvitIyopyayukta eva, yato'numAnaM dRSTAnta-dAntikabhede sati pravRttimAsAdayati, sa cet pAramArthikaH kuto'dvaitam ? apAramArthikavet kathaM tataH pAramArthikAdvaitasiddhiH ? tathA heturapi tatsAdhako yadi bhinnastadApi kathamadvaitam asato bhedAnupapatteH zaviSANAdivat / abhinnazcet na tataH sAdhyasiddhiH pratijJArthaMkadezAsiddhatvenA'gamakatvAt / na ca kalpitabhedAdapi tatastatsiddhiH, kalpanAviracitasya kAryanirvarttanA'kSamatvAt / kalpitAhidaMza-rekhAgavayAdInAmapi yat asattve maraNAdikAryakartRtvaM pratipAditam (292-5) tadapi na yuktikSamam, teSAmapi kenacid rUpeNa pAramArthikatvasaMgateH, atyantAsatastu SaSThabhUtasyeva kAryakAritAnupalabdheH / kAlpanika sat hone ke kAraNa hI ve vyavahAra ke aMga hote haiM / tAtparya, vyavahAra ke aMga hote huye bhI ghaTAdi vAstava sadrUpazAli nahIM hote / ___uttara : yaha mithyA vaktavya hai, kyoMki saMvRta kabhI bhI kisI svabhAva se saMvedanArUDha nahIM hotI / kaise yaha dekhiye, sAMvRti kaho, upacarita kaho yA kAlpanika rUpa kaho eka hI bAta hai / jo kalpanAkalpitarUpa hotA hai vaha sadaiva bAdhaka pratIti ke udaya se nivRtta ho jAtA hai jaise rajata kI satya pratIti se kAlpanika zuktitva / jo sarvathA kalpanA nirmita hai jaise rajata meM adhyavasita zukti Adi ve kabhI vyavahAra ke aMga nahIM hote / tathA pahale jo batAyA hai ki kakArAdirUpa se asatya rekhA-kakArAdi bodhasvarUpa satya kArya ke janaka hote haiN| - vaha to svarUpata: rekhA-kakArAdi ke rUpa meM rekhA kakAra Adi ko kucha satsvarUpa hone para hI yAnI dvaitavAda meM hI ghaTa sakatA hai / abhedavAda meM to satya advaita hai aura satyabhitra to kucha hai hI nahIM, isa sthiti meM mithyA rekhA-kakArAdi bhI nahIM hai to kaise bodhAdi kAryoM kI saMgati hogI ? brahmarUpa se satya upAya kAryasAdhaka nahIM pahale jo yaha kahA thA 'abhedadRSTi sAdhaka upAya bhedAvalambi hone para bhI vAstava meM brahmasvarUpa hone se sat hI hai ata eva vaha sAkSAtkArAdi kArya kara sakatA hai / ' - yaha bhI galata hai, kyoMki padArtha jisa rUpa se sat hotA hai usI svarUpa se usameM kAryajananasAmarthya hotA hai, Apa to jisa rUpa se kAryasAmarthya hone kA mAnate ho usa rUpa ko to Apa satya hI nahIM mAnate, taba brahmarUpeNa upAyoM ko sat mAnane para bhI ve kAryajanana ke liye sakSama nahIM ho pAyeMge / phalata: sarva vyavahAroM se bhraSTa hone vAlA abheda pramANagocara nahIM ho skegaa| advaitasAdhaka anumAna kI samIkSA 'aviziSTarUpa se sat hone ke kAraNa saba kucha eka rUpa hai' aisA jo kahA thA usake bAre meM prazna hai ki yaha Apane anumAnaprayoga kara dikhAyA hai yA pratyakSavyApAra kA ullekha kiyA hai ? pratyakSa vyApAra kA vikalpa saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki 'saba kucha advaita hai' aisA siddha karane vAlA pratyakSa abhI taka siddha nahIM ho pAyA hai| anumAnaprayogavAlA vikalpa bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki dRSTAnta evaM dArTantika(=jahA~ dRSTAnta kA sAdRzya

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam tathA vAdi-prativAdi - prAznikAnAmabhAve nAdvaitavAdAvatAraH sambhavI, tatsadbhAve vA'dvaitavirodho nyAyAnugata iti na tatpakSo'bhyupagamArhaH / yacca 'bhedAH sattAto yadi bhinnAH kharaviSANavadasantaH prasaktAH, abhinAzvet sattAmAtrakameva na vizeSA nAma / tathAhi - yad yato'vyatiriktam tat tadeva, yathA sattAsvarUpam, avyatiriktAzca te sattAtaH, tathA sati sattAmAtrakameva' ityabhyadhAyi tad bhedavAdino'pi samAnam / yatastenApyetat zakyaM vaktum - yadi vizeSebhyo vyatirikkA sattA kharaviSANavadasatI prAptA, avyatiriktA cet vizeSA eva na sA - iti nyAyasya samAnatvAt / tadevamabhede pramANAbhAvAt bhedasya vADabAdhitapramANaviSayatvAt - na tadabhyupagamo jyAyAniti zuddhadravyAstikamatapratikSe'pi paryAyAstikAbhiprAyaH / [ sAMkhyamatapratikSepakaH paryAyAstikanayaH ] azuddhadravyAstikasAMkhyamatapratikSepakastu paryAyAstikaH prAha * yaduktaM kApilaiH 'pradhAnAdeva maha - dAdikAryavizeSAH pravarttante' iti, tatra yadi mahadAdayaH kAryavizeSAH pradhAnasvabhAvAH eva kathameSAM kAryatayA tataH pravRttiryuktA ? na hi yad yato'vyatiriktaM tat tasya kAryam kAraNaM veti vyapadeSTuM yuktam, ghaTAyA jAtA hai usa) meM bheda hone kA mAnane para hI anumAna prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai / yadi vaha bheda pAramArthika hai taba advaita kI anumAna se siddhi kaise ho sakegI ? bheda yadi pAramArthika nahIM hai to dRSTAntAdibheda na rahane para pAramArthika advaita sAdhaka anumAna hI kaise pravRtta hogA ? uparAMta, hetu ke vinA kabhI anumAna nahIM hotA / yadi advaitasAdhaka hetu advaitatattva se bhinna hogA taba to advaita kA anumAna hI kaise hoegA ? bheda to sat sat kA hI hotA hai asat kA kabhI bheda nahIM hotA jaise zazasIMga Adi kA / advaita sAdhaka hetu ko bhinna mAneMge to usa ko atirikta sat mAnanA paDegA, phalataH advaita kA bhaMga hogA / yadi hetu ko abhinna mAneMge taba to vaha bhI advaitasAdhya meM vilIna ho jAne se sAdhyakoTi meM A jAyegA, kintu advaita kA koI atirikta sAdhaka hetu nahIM raha pAyegA, taba kaise advaita sAdhya siddha hogA ? hetu jaba sAdhyakoTi meM A gayA taba sAdhyaviziSTa pakSa jo ki pratijJAta artha hai usakA ekadeza rUpa sAdhya meM vilIna huA hetu asiddha koTi meM A jAne se anumAnakAraka nahIM raha sakatA / yadi aisA kaheM ki anumAna ke liye hetu ko kalpanA se bhinna mAna leMge, taba anumAna bhI pravRtta hogA aura advaita bhI siddha hogA / to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kalpanAkalpita padArtha kucha bhI kAma karane meM asamartha hotA hai / 344 kAlpanika sarpadaMza evaM rekhAMkita gavayAdi ke asat hote hue bhI maraNAdikAryasakSama hone kA jo pahale kahA, thA vaha yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / sarpadaMzAdi vahA~ sarvathA asat nahIM hote kintu ve mazakadaMzAdi ke kucha na kucha rUpa meM sat hI hote haiM / pRthvI Adi se atirikta chaTThe bhUta ke samAna sarvathA asat padArtha kisI bhI kArya ke liye samartha upalabdha nahIM hotA / - I advaitavAda isaliye bhI ucita nahIM hai - advaita kI siddhi ke liye vAda meM utaranA anivArya hai, vAda tabhI ho sakatA hai jaba bhinna bhinna vAdI prativAdI - sabhya aura sabhApati kI hastI ho / yadi ina sabhI kI bhinna bhinna hastI mAna lI jAya taba to bhedanyAya ke praveza se advaita pakSa meM virodha upasthita ho jAyegA, ataH abhedapakSa svIkArArha nahIM hai / sAMkhyamatapratikSepo'yaM tattvasaMgrahe kArikA 16 taH 45 madhye dRSTavyaH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 kArya-kAraNayorminalakSaNatvAd anyathA hi 'idaM kAraNam kArya ca' ityasaMkIrNavyavasthotsIdet / tatazca yaduktaM prakRtikAraNikaiH - "mUlaprakRteH kAraNatvameva, bhUtendriyalakSaNasya SoDazakagaNasya kAryatvameva, mahadahaMkAratanmAtrANAM ca pUrvottarApekSayA kAryatva-kAraNatve ca" [mATharavRtti iti tat saMgataM na syAt / Aha cezvarakRSNaH - mUlaprakRtiravikRtirmahadAdyAH prakRti-vikRtayaH sapta / SoDazakastu vikAro na prakRtirna vikRtiH puruSaH // [sAMkhyakArikA0 3] iti / yaha jo kahA jAtA hai - "yadi bhedavarga sattA se bhinna hogA to zazasIMga kI taraha asat koTi meM pahu~ca jAyegA / yadi sattA se abhinna hai taba to 'sattA' mAtra hI zeSa rahA na ki vizeSa / kaise yaha dekhiye - jo jisa se apRthak hotA hai vaha tadrUpa hI hotA hai jaise sattA kA svarUpa / bhedavAdI ke abhimata vizeSa bhI sattA se apRthak hI haiM, aisA hone para nirUpaNa bhedavAdI ke liye bhI samAnarUpa se upayogI hai / bhedavAdI bhI aisA kaha sakatA hai - sattA yadi vizeSoM se pRthak mAneMge to vizeSoM se pRthak kharasIMga kI taraha asat koTi meM A jAyegI / yadi apRthak mAneMge to vizeSa hI zeSa rahe na ki sattA / yukti to donoM pakSa meM samAna hai| ___ niSkarSa, abheda meM koI pramANa nahIM hai, bheda abAdhitapramANa kA gocara hai| ata: abheda kA svIkAra zobhAprada nahIM hai / zuddha dravyArthikanaya kA virodhI yaha paryAyAstika naya kA abhiprAya hai| sAMkhyadarzanasamIkSAprArambha pahale azuddha dravyAstikanaya ke AdhAra para sAMkhyavAdI ne apanA mata peza kiyA thA - paryAyAstikanayavAdI aba usa kA pratikAra karate hue kahatA hai - sAMkhyamatapraNetA kapila RSi ke anuyAyioMne kahA hai ki mahat Adi kAryavarga pradhAnatattva se pragaTa huA hai / isa para socanA hai ki mahat Adi vizeSa kArya jaba pradhAna se tAdAtmyasvabhAvavAle haiM to pradhAnatattva se una kA kArya rUpa se pragaTIkaraNa kaise saMgata hogA ? eka padArtha jaba kisI anya padArtha se anatirikta = apRthak = abhinnasvabhAva hI hotA hai taba una meM se na to kisI ke liye 'kAraNa' zabdavyavahAra hotA hai, na 'kArya' aisA / hetu yaha hai ki kAraNa aura kArya svabhAva se bhinna hote haiM, eka janaka svabhAva hai taba dUsarA janya svabhAva hai| svabhAvabheda na hone para bhI yadi kAraNa-kAryabhAva hone kA Agraha rakhA jAya to hara kisI cIja kI 'kAraNa' yA 'kArya' saMjJA icchAnusAra cala par3ane para pradhAna 'kAraNa' hai, paMcabhUta Adi 'kArya' hI hai aisA asaMkIrNavyavahAra ucchinna ho jAyegA / usa ke phala svarUpa prakRtimUlakAraNavAdI sAMkhyo kA yaha vidhAna"mUlaprakRti sirpha 'kAraNamAtra' hotI hai, paMcabhUta + 11 indriyA~ yaha SoDazaka varga sirpha 'kArya' rUpa hai, tathA mahat + ahaMkAra + pA~ca tanmAtrAe~ ye 7 tattva mUlaprakRti Adi pUrva-pUrva tattva kI apekSA kAryarUpa bhI hai aura ahaMkArAdi uttarottara tattvoM kI apekSA 'kAraNa maya bhI haiN|" - vidhAna asaMgata ho jaayegaa| ata: sAMkhyakArikA meM IzvarakRSNane jo vidhAna kiyA hai - "mUla prakRti = pradhAnatattva sirpha prakRtirUpa (= upAdAnakAraNarUpa) hI hai vaha kisI kI vikRti (= kAryarUpa) nahIM hai| mahat Adi sAta prakRti-vikRti ubhayarUpa hai, SoDazakavarga sirpha vikRti hai / puruSa to na kisI kI prakRti hai na vikRti / ' - yaha bhI asaMgata ho jAyegA / kAraNa, jaba pradhAna aura mahat Adi meM bheda nahIM hai taba yA to saba kAraNa hoMge yA kArya hoNge| athavA kArya-kAraNa bhAva anyasApekSa mAnane para, puruSa ke liye jaise koI anya sApekSa apekSaNIya nahIM hai vaise

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346 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yataH sarveSAM parasparamavyatirekAt kAryatvam kAraNatvaM vA prasajyeta, anyApekSitatvAd vA kArya-kAraNabhAvasya apekSaNIyasya rUpAntarasya cAbhAvAt puruSavana prakRtitvam vikRtitvaM vA sarveSAM vA syAt anyathA puruSasyApi prakRtivikAravyapadezaprasaktiH / uktaM ca - [ yadeva dadhi tat kSIraM yat kSIraM tad dadhIti ca / vadatA vindhyavAsitvaM khyApitaM vindhyAvAsinA // iti / 'hatamattvAdi(ti?)dharmAsaMgi-viparItamavyaktam' [297-2] ityetadapi bAlapralApamanukaroti / na hi yad yato'vyatiriktasvabhAvaM tat tato viparItaM yuktam, vaiparItyasya rUpAntaralakSaNatvAt, anyathA bhedavyavahArocchedaprasaMgaH, iti sattva-rajas-tamasAm caitanyAnAM ca parasparabhedAbhyupagamo nirnimitto bhavet, tatazca vizvasyaikarUpatvAt sahotpattivinAzaprasaMgaH, abhedavyavasthiterabhinnayogakSemalakSaNatvAditi / vyaktarUpA'vyatirekAd avyaktamapi hetumadAdidharmA''saMgi prasaktam vyaktasvarUpavat, ahetumattvAdidharmakalApAdhyAsitaM vA vyaktam avyaktarUpA'vyatirekAt tatsvarUpavat, anyathAtiprasaktiH / api ca anvaya-vyatirekanivandhanaH kArya-kAraNabhAvaH prasiddhaH na ca pradhAnAdibhyo mahadAyutpatyavagamanibandhanaH anvayaH vyatireko vA pratItigocaraH siddhaH yataH 'pradhAnAd mahAn mahato'haMkAraH hI pradhAnAdi ke liye bhI AdisargakAla meM apekSaNIya koI na hone se, puruSa kI taraha hI na koI pradhAnAdi prakRti hoMge yA na koI vikRti hoMge / apekSaNIya ke abhAva meM bhI yadi prakRti-vikRtibhAva hone kA mAneMge to vaha puruSa meM bhI prasakta hogA / kahA hai - "jo dahIM hai vahI dugdha hai - jo dugdha hai vahI dahIM hai - aisA kahane vAle vindhyavAsI nAma ke sAMkhyAcAryane sacce hI apanI vindhyagirivAsitA (yAnI parvatavAsI bhIla Adi samAna jaDabuddhi) kA pradarzana kara diyA hai|" aisA kahane kA kAraNa yahI hai ki abhedavAda meM asaMkIrNavyavasthA kA uccheda Adi doSa lagate haiN| * vyakta-avyakta kA vailakSaNyanirUpaNa nirAdhAra sAMkhyavAdI ne pahale sAMkhyakArikA (10) ke AdhAra para vyakta avyakta meM vailakSaNya dikhAne ke liye jo kahA thA ki vyakta tattva hetumattva Adi dharmoM se AzliSTa hai, avyakta usa se viparIta hai - yaha bhI nipaTa bAlaka-bakavAsa hai / kAraNa, jo jisa se avyatirikta = abhinna svabhAva hai vaha usa se viparIta kabhI nahIM ho sakatA / viparIta yAnI ulTepana kA yahI matalaba hai ki bhitrasvarUpa honA / yadi isa prakAra ke ulTepana kA inakAra kareMge to bhedavyavahAra hI lupta ho jAyegA / phalataH sattva-rajas-tamas kA tathA cetana-puruSoM kA paraspara bheda aMgIkAra nirmala tthhregaa| natIjatana, sAre jagata meM ekarUpatA A jAne se sabhI kA utpAda-vinA: sAtha hone kA atiprasaMga hogA, kyoMki sabhI meM Apako abheda kI sthApanA karanI hai, aura abhinna yogakSema (yAnI sahotpAda, sahavinAza Adi) ke AdhAra para hI vaha zakya ho sakatI hai| tathA, avyakta vyakta se abhinna hone ke kAraNa, vyakta ke hetumattvAdi dharmoM kA saMga avyakta meM bhI prasakta hogA, jaise vyakta ke sabhI dharmoM kA saMga vyakta se abhinna usa ke svarUpa meM bhI hotA hai| athavA, vyakta avyakta se abhinna hone ke kAraNa, avyakta ke ahetumattvAdi dharmoM kA saMga vyakta meM A paDegA, jaise ahetumattvAdi dharmoM kA saMga avyakta se abhinna hone ke kAraNa avyakta ke svarUpa meM bhI hotA hai| aisA yadi nahIM mAneMge to abhedabhaMga hone kA atiprasaMga AyegA kyoMki abheda hone para bhI usa ke svarUpa meM ve dharma nahIM hoge to abheda bhI kaise rahegA ? kA eka

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH-kA0-3 347 ityAdiprakriyA [295-7]siddhisaudhazikharamadhyAsta; tasmAnirnivandhana evAyaM pradhAnAdibhyo mahadAyutpattikramaH / na ca nityasya hetubhAvaH saMgataH yataH pradhAnAd mahadAdInAmutpattiH syAt nityasya kramayaugapayAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAditi pratipAdayiSyamANatvAt / __ atha nAsmAbhirapUrvasvabhAvotpattyA kArya-kAraNabhAvobhyupagataH yato rUpAbhedAdasau viruddhayate, kiMtu pradhAnaM mahadAdirUpeNa pariNatimupagacchati sarpaH kuMDalAdirUpeNeveti 'pradhAnaM mahadAdikAraNam' iti vyapadizyate, mahadAdayastu tatyariNAmarUpatvAt tatkAryavyapadezamAsAdayanti / na ca pariNAmo'bhede'pi virodhamanubhavati ekavastvadhiSThAnatvAt tasyeti / asamyagetat pariNAmA'siddheH / tathAhi - asau pUrvarUpacyuterbhavat apracyuterveti kalpanAdvayam / tatra yadi apracyuteriti pakSaH tadA'vasthAsAMkaryAd vRddhAdyavasthAyAmapi yuvatvAdyavasthopalabdhiprasaMgaH / atha pracyuti(?te)riti pakSaH tadA svarUpahAniprasaktiriti pUrvakaM svabhAvAntaraM niruddham aparaM ca tadutpannamiti na kasyacit pariNAmaH siddhayet / ___ api ca, tasyaivAnyathAbhAvaH pariNAmo bhavadbhirvarNyate, sa caikadezena, sarvAtmanA vA ? na tAvat, ekadezena, ekasyaikadezA'saMbhavAt / nApi sarvAtmanA, pUrvapadArthavinAzena padArthAntarotpAdaprasaMgAt / ato dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki - anvayasahacAra aura vyatireka sahacAra ke AdhAra para kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| pradhAnAdi se mahat Adi kI utpatti mAnane ke liye koI anvayasahacAra yA vyatireka sahacAra kisI ko anubhavagocara hI nahIM hai jisa se ki pradhAna se mahat, usa se ahaMkAra..... ityAdi prakriyA siddhibhavana ke zikhara para ArUDha ho sake / niSkarSa, pradhAnAdi se mahat Adi kI utpatti kI prakriyA pramANabAhya hai / yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki nitya vastu ke sAtha kramaza: yA eka sAtha arthakriyAkAritva kA virodha hotA hai, isa liye nityapadArtha kahIM bhI hetu kI bhUmikA adA nahIM kara sakatA, ata eva nitya pradhAna tattva se mahat Adi kI utpatti sambhava nahIM hai, - yaha tathya agrima grantha meM pragaTa kiyA jaayegaa| asatkAryavAdaniSedhapUrvakapariNAmavAda kI AzaMkA sAMkhya : apUrva yAnI pUrva meM asat aise kAryasvabhAva kI utpatti se phalita hone vAle kArya-kAraNabhAva kA Adara hama nahIM karate jisa se ki svarUpa-abheda ke sAtha virodha ko avakAza mila sake / hamAre mata meM, pradhAna hI mahat Adi kAryarUpa meM pariNata hotA hai, jaise - sA~pa kuMDalAvasthA, lambAvasthA Adi avasthAoM meM pariNata hotA hai / isa taraha mahat AdirUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pariNAmI ko hI hama 'kAraNa' kahate haiM aura pariNAmarUpa hone se mahat Adi usa ke 'kArya' kahe jAte haiM / abheda hone para bhI pariNAma hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai, jaise - sA~pa se abhinna hI kuNDalAvasthA usa kA pariNAma hotI hai / pariNAma eka vastu meM adhiSThita hotA hai, na ki anya vastu meM, isaliye pariNAmi ke sAtha usa kA abheda bhI ho sakatA hai jisa meM koI virodha nahIM / paryAyavAdI : yaha vaktavya saccA nahIM kyoMki 'pariNAma' vAstava meM siddha nahIM hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - pariNAma hogA to kaba hogA - pUrva svarUpa naSTa hone para hogA yA pUrvasvarUpa ke rahate huye bhI ? ye do vikalpa prazna haiN| pUrvasvarUpa ke rahate huye bhI yadi nayA pariNAma banegA taba to do avasthAoM kA sAMkarya doSa hogA, jaise vRddhAvasthA meM bhI yuvAvasthA anivRtta hone se upalabdha rahegI / yadi uttara pariNAma utpanna hone para pUrvarUpa naSTa ho jAyegA taba to svarUpahAni hone se pUrvavastu hI naSTa ho gayI / tAtparya, pUrva svabhAva khatama ho gayA, nayA hI svabhAva utpanna huA isa kA matalaba nayI hI vastu utpanna huI, na ki pUrvavastu kA nayA pariNAma /

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348 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na tasyaivAnyathAtvaM yuktam, tasya svabhAvAntarotpAdanibandhanatvAt / "vyavasthitasya dharmiNo dharmAntaranivR. tau dharmAntaprAdurbhAvalakSaNaH pariNAmo'bhyupagamyate na tu svabhAvAnyathAtvami"ti cet ? asadetat * yataH pracyavamAnaH utpadyamAnazca dharmo dharmiNo'rthAntarabhUto'bhyupagantavyaH anyathA dharmiNyavasthite tasya tirobhAvAvirbhAvAsambhavAt / tathAhi - yasmin vartamAne yo vyAvarttate sa tato bhinnaH yathA ghaTe'nuvartamAne tato vyAvartyamAnaH paTaH, vyAvarttate ca dharmiNyanuvartamAnepyAvirbhAva-tirobhAvA''saGgI dharmakalApa iti kathamasau tato na bhinna iti dharmI tadavastha eveti kathaM pariNato nAma ? yato nArthAntarabhUtayoH kaTa-paTayorutpAda-vinAze'calitarUpasya ghaTAdeH pariNAmo bhavati atiprasaMgAt anyathA caitanyamapi pariNAmI syAt / 'tatsambaddhayordharmayorutpAda-vinAzAt tasyAsAvabhyupagamyate nAnyasya' iti cet ? na, sadasatoH sambandhAbhAvena tatsambandhitvA'yogAt / / tathAhi - sambandho bhavan 'sato vA bhavet asato vA bhaved' iti kalpanAdvayam / na tAvat sataH, samadhigatA'zeSasvabhAvasyAnyAnapekSatayA kvacidapi pAratantryA'sambhavAt / nApyasataH, sarvopAkhyAvirahitatayA tasya kvacidAzritatvAnupapatteH, na hi zazaviSANAdiH kvacidapyAzritaH upalabdhaH / na ca vya pariNAmavAdasamIkSA sAMkhyavAdI jo kahatA hai ki eka hI vastu kA jo anyathA yAnI parivartita ho jAnA yahI pariNAma hai - isa ke Upara do vikalpa haiM ki vaha parivartana eka aMza se hotA hai yA sarvAMza se ? 'eka aMza se parivartana' yaha asambhava hai kyoMki eka vastu honA isa kA matalaba hai niraMza vastu honA, jaba usa eka vastu kA koI aMza hI nahIM hai taba 'eka aMza se parivartana' bhI kaise ho sakegA ? yadi sarvAMza se yAnI apane saMpUrNa akhaMDasvarUpa se parivartana mAneMge to pUrvapadArtha kA nAza ho kara naye padArtha kA udbhava ho jAne se sarvathA bheda hogA na ki pariNAma / donoM vikalpa doSagrasta hone se eka vastu ke anyathAbhAva (= parivartana) ko pariNAma nahIM batA sakate kyoMki vaha naye padArtha ke udbhava ke sAtha jur3A huA hai / / sAMkhya : hama svabhAva ke anyathAbhAva ko pariNAma nahIM kahate kintu avasthita rahane vAle dharmI ke eka dharma kI nivRtti hone para anya dharma kA prAdurbhAva honA - isI ko hama pariNAma mAnate haiM / paryAyavAdI : aisA mantavya galata hai / kAraNa, Apa ko aisA mAnanA paDegA ki vaha nivRtta hone vAlA aura prAdurbhUta hone vAlA dharma dharmI se pRthak tattva hotA hai, aisA agara nahIM mAneMge, una dharmoM ko dharmI se sarvathA abhinna mAneMge to dharmi ke tadavastha (sthAyi) rahane para ve dharma bhI sthAyi hI bane raheMge, yAnI purAne dharma kA tirobhAva aura naye dharma kA udbhava hI zakya nahIM hogA / kaise yaha dekhiye - jisa ke sthira rahate hue bhI jo vahA~ se nivRtta hotA hai vaha usa se bhinna hotA hai / udA0 ghaTa ke sthira rahate hue nivRtta hone vAlA vastra ghaTa se bhinna hotA hai / isI taraha yadi dharmI ke sthira rahate hue AvirbhUta-tirobhUta hone vAlA dharmasamUha nivRtta hotA hai to vaha dharmasamUha usa dharmi se kyoM bhinna nahIM hogA ? tAtparya, pRthagbhUta arthasvarUpa dharmoM kA AvirbhAva yA tirobhAva hone para bhI dharmI to tadavastha hI hotA hai to vaha kaise 'pariNata' kahA jAya ? batAIye ki ghaTa se bhinna kaTa evaM vastra kA kramaza: utpAda-vinAza hone para bhI ghaTa sthAyi rahatA hai to kaTa evaM vastra kyA ghaTa ke pariNAma hote haiM ? nahIM / yadi pariNAma haiM aisA mAneMge to sArI duniyA eka-dUsare kA pariNAma kahI jAyegI / yaha atireka ho jAyegA / phalata: caitanya ko bhI pariNAmi mAnane kI Apatti hogI /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 349 tiriktadharmAntarotpAda - vinAze sati pariNAmo bhavadbhirvyavasthApitaH / kiM tarhi ? yatrAtmabhUtaikasvabhAvAnu - vRttiH avasthAbhedaza tatraiva tadvyavasthA / na ca dharmiNaH sakAzAd dharmayorvyatireke sati ekasvabhAvAnuvRtirasti / yato dharmyeva tayoreka AtmA, sa ca vyatirikta iti nAtmabhUtaikasvabhAvAnuvRttiH / na ca nirudhyamAnotpadyamAnadharmadvayavyatirikto dharmI upalabdhilakSaNaprApto dRggocaramavatarati kasyaciditi tAdRzo - SsadvyavahAraviSayataiva atha anarthAntarabhUta iti pakSaH kakSIkriyate tathApyekasmAd dharmisvarUpAdavyatiriktatvAt tirobhAvA''virbhAvavatordharmayordvayorapyekatvam dharmisvarUpavaditi kena rUpeNa dharmI pariNataH syAt dharmo vA ? avasthAtuzca dharmiNaH sakAzAdavyatirekAd dharmayoravasthAtRsvarUpavanna nivRttiH nApi prAdurbhAvaH / dharmAbhyAM ca dharmiNo'nanyatvAt dharmasvarUpavat apUrvasya cotpAdaH pUrvasya ca vinAzaH iti naikasya kasyacit pariNatiH siddhayediti na pariNAmavazAdapi sAMkhyAnAM kArya-kAraNavyavahAraH saMgacchate / na ca pariNAmaprasAdhakaM pramANaM kSaNikam akSaNikaM vA sambhavatIti pratipAditamabhedanirAkaraNaM kurvadbhiH / sambaddha nahIM hai / vastu se sambaddha dharmoM ke utpAda - vinAza se hI usa asambaddha dharmoM ke utpAda - vinAza se nahIM / sAMkhya :- kaTa evaM vastra, ghaTa se vastu kA pariNAma pariNAma mAnA jAtA hai, paryAyavAdI : yaha kathana ThIka nahIM, kyoMki anutpanna yA vinaSTa dharma to asat hai, asat ke sAtha sat kA koI sambandha nahIM hotA to tatsambandhitva bhI kaise ho sakatA hai ? ataH kisI bhI dharma meM svadharmasambaddhava kI saMgati nahIM ho sakatI / sat yA asat se sambandha aghaTita kaise sambandha nahIM ghaTatA yaha dekhiye - do kalpanA ho sakatI hai, sambandha yA to sat ke sAtha hogA yA asat ke sAtha / sat kA sambandha zakya nahIM, kyoMki sambandha yAnI paratantratA, jisane apane saMpUrNa svabhAva ko AtmasAt kara liyA ho vahI sat hai, aisA sat parasApekSa na rahane se kyoM kisI kA bhI sambandhi yAnI paratantra banegA ? asat kA bhI sambandha nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki asat to sarva upAkhyA se yAnI vAstava svarUpa se zUnya hotA hai isa liye vaha kisI kA Azrita - paratantra yA sambandhi kabhI nahIM ho sakatA / kabhI zazasIMga ko kisI kA Azrita banA huA kisIne dekhA hai kyA ? yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki sAMkhyavAdI ne bhinna bhinna eka dharma kA utpAda, dUsare kA vinAza pradarzita kara ke pariNAma kI sthApanA kabhI nahIM kI / to kaise kI hai ? uttara : jahA~ avasthA ke sAtha tAdAtmyApana eka svabhAva sthAyi banA rahatA hai phira bhI avasthAe~ badalatI rahatI hai usI meM pariNAma kI sthApanA kI hai| do dharma yadi dharmI se sarvathA pRthak haiM taba to una se tAdAtmyApana eka svabhAva kA sthAyi banA rahanA ghaTatA hI nahIM hai / kyoMki, vaha jisa kA AtmabhUta hai usa ko tAdAtmyApana kahA jAtA hai, do dharmoM kA dharmI hI unakA AtmabhUta ho sakatA hai kintu jaba dharmI ko dharmoM se pRthak mAnA taba to AtmabhUta eka svabhAva kA sthAyi banA rahanA saMbhava hI nahIM, kyoMki una dharmoM kA koI AtmabhUta dharmI hI nahIM hai / dUsarI ora, nivarttamAna evaM utpanna honevAle do dharmoM se sarvathA pRthak koI dharmI, upalabdhiyogyatA ke hote hue bhI kisI ko dRSTigocara nahIM hotA, isaliye dharmoM se pRthak dharmI antataH asadvyavahAra kA hI atithi bana jAyegA / aba yadi kahA jAya ki dharmI se dharma arthAntarabhUta yAnI pRthak nahIM hai, to dharmI ke svarUpa kI taraha

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350 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam __yacca asatkAryavAde 'asadakaraNAt'.....ityAdi dUSaNamabhyadhAyi [298-13] tat satkAryavAdepi tulyam / tathAhi - asatyakAryavAdinApi zakyamidamitthamabhidhAtum - "na sadakaraNAdupAdAnagrahaNAt sarvasambhavAbhAvAt / zaktasya zakyakaraNAt kAraNabhAvAcca sat kAryam" iti| atra ca 'na sat kAryam' iti vyavahitena sambandho vidhAtavyaH / kasmAd - sadakaraNAd u. pAdAnagrahaNAd.... ityAdihetusamUhAt / ubha(ya)yoryazca doSastamekaH preryo na bhavati / tathAhi - yadi dugdhAdiSu dadhyAdIni kAryANi rasa-vIrya-vipAkAdinA vibhaktena rUpeNa madhyAvasthAvat santi tadA teSAM kimaparamutpAyaM rUpamavaziSyate yat tairjanyaM syAt ? na hi vidyamAnameva kAraNAyattotpattikaM bhavati prakRticaitanyarUpavat / atra prayogaH - yat sarvAtmanA kAraNe sat na tat kenacijjanyam, yathA prakRtizcaitanyaM vA, tadeva vA madhyAvasthAyAM kAryam; sat tat sarvAtmanA paramatena kSIrAdau dadhyAdi - iti vyApakaviruddhopalabdhiprasaMgaH / na ca hetoranaikAntikatA, anutpAdyA'tizayasyApi janyatve sarveSAM janyatvaprasaktiH do dharmoM meM ekatva abheda kI Apatti hogI, kyoMki tirobhUta evaM AvirbhUta honevAle ve donoM dharma eka hI dharmIsvarUpa se abhinna hai / tadabhinna se jo abhinna hotA hai vaha tadrUpa hotA hai yaha niyama hai, udA. ghaTa se abhinna miTTI se abhinna dravya ho taba ghaTa aura dravya bhI abhinna hotA hai| do dharmoM ke abhinna hone para aba yaha prazna hogA ki dharmI kauna se dharma ke rUpa meM pariNata hogA athavA kauna sA dharma pariNAma meM DhalegA ? yaha bhI dhyAna meM lenA hogA ki avasthita dharmI se abhinna hone ke kAraNa ve donoM dharma bhI avasthita hI hoMge, taba jaise dharmI se abhinna apane dharmIsvarUpa kI na nivRtti hotI hai na prAdurbhAva, usI taraha sthAyI dharmi se abhinna dharmoM kA bhI nAza-utpAda nahIM ho paayegaa| athavA aisA hogA ki dharmoM se abhinna dharmoM kA svarUpa jaise dharma kI taraha utpAda-vinAzazAli hotA hai vaise hI dharmoM se abhinna hone ke kAraNa dharmI kA bhI, apUrva dharmIrUpa se utpAda aura pUrvadharmI rUpa se nAza prasakta hogA / phalata: dharma yA dharmI kisI kA bhI pariNAma siddha nahIM ho sakatA / niSkarSa, sAMkhyamata meM pariNAmavAda ko le kara kArya-kAraNa vyavahAra saMgata nahIM ho sakatA / pahale abheda kA nirAkaraNa karate hue hamane yaha bhI kaha diyA hai ki pariNAma ko siddha karane vAlA na to koI kSaNika pramANa hai, na akSaNika / asatkAryavAda ke virodha meM samAna kArikA* asadakaraNAt..ityAdi kArikA se asatyakAryavAda meM pahale jo doSAropaNa kiyA hai vaha saba anupapattisvarUpa doSAropaNa to satkAryavAda meM samAnarUpa se prasakta ho sakatA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - asadakaraNAda....isa kArikA meM prathamAkSara 'a' ke badale 'na' kA prayoga kara ke asatkAryavAdI usI kArikA ko satkAryavAda ke niSedha meM prayukta karate haiM / isa kArikA kA sArabhUta pratijJAtmaka vAkyArtha yaha hai ki 'kArya utpatti ke pahale sat nahIM hotA' / kyoM ? isa hetuprazna ke uttara meM sadakaraNa, upAdAnagrahaNa Adi pA~ca hetuo kA nirdeza hai jisa meM sadakaraNa ke alAvA cAra hetu to ve hI haiM jo satkAryavAdI ne asat kArya ke niSedha meM prayukta kiye haiN| samAna hetucatuSTaya ke prayoga kA tAtparya yaha hai ki donoM mata meM paraspara niSedha ke liye jo samAna doSApAdana kiyA jA sake, donoM meM se kisI bhI vAdI ko usa kA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhiye / yaha kaise vaha dekhiye * 'yabobhayordoSo na tamekazcodayediti' tattvasaMgrahe SoDazazloka - paJcikAyAm (31-22) /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 351 anavasthAprasaktizca viparyaye bAdhakaM pramANam janitasyApi punarjanyatvaprasaMgAt / tadevaM kAryatvAbhimatAnAmakAryatvaprasaktiH satkAryavAdAbhyupagame / kAraNAbhimatAnAmapi mUlaprakRti-bIja-dugdhAdInAM padArthAnAM vivakSitamahadAdi-aMkura-dadhyAdijanakatvaM na prApnoti avidyamAnasAdhyatvAt muktAtmavat / prayogaH - yad avidyamAnasAdhyam na tat kAraNam yathA caitanyam (a)vidyamAnasAdhyavAbhimataH padArthaH - iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / prasaMgasAdhanaM caitad dvayamapi ato nobhayasiddhodAharaNena prayojanam / bhogaM pratyAtmanopi kartRtvAbhyupagame muktAtmA udAharttavyaH / na ca prathamaprayoge'bhivyaktA(tyA)dirUpeNApi savizeSaNe hetAvupAdIyamAne'siddhatA, na hyasmAbhirabhivyaktyAdirUpeNApi sattvamiSyate kAryasya, kiM tarhi ? zaktirUpeNA nirvizeSaNe tu tasminnanaikAntikatA, yato'bhivyaktyAdilakSaNasyAtizayasyotpadyamAnatvAna sarvasya(yA)kAryatvaprasaMgo bhaviSyati / ata eva - dahI kI madhya yAnI utpatti-uttarakAlIna avasthA meM jaise apane svatantra rasa-vIrya-vipAkAdi hote haiM vaise hI svatantra rasAdi ke sAtha ve dahIM Adi kArya dugdhAdi meM bhI utpatti ke pUrva maujUda ho, taba kauna sA aisA svarUpa zeSa rahA jisa ko abhI utpanna karane ke liye pravRtti kI jAya ? jo pahale se hI vidyamAna hai - astitva meM hai usa kI utpatti (astitva) kAraNAdhIna nahIM ho sakatI / jaise puruSa aura pradhAna ke pUre svarUpa kA astitva pahale se hI hai, isa liye una kI utpatti kAraNAdhIna nahIM hotI / / sattvahetuka ajanyatvasAdhaka anumAna* anumAna prayoga : jo apane kAraNa meM sabhI prakAra se sat hotA hai vaha kisI kA janya nahIM hotA / udA0 prakRti athavA caitanya / hAlA~ ki prakRti evaM caitanya ke koI kAraNa hI na hone se ve ajanya haiM, na ki apane kAraNa meM sarva prakAroM se sat hone se / isa liye yadi hetu meM asiddhi doSa kI zaMkA kI jAya to anya udAharaNa diyA hai - madhyAvasthA meM (yAnI utpatti ke bAda) kArya apane kAraNoM meM samasta prakAroM se sat hotA hai aura puna: utpanna nahIM hotA / sAMkhya ke mata se dahIM Adi padArtha dugdhAdi meM apanI utpatti ke pahale bhI sabhI prakAra sat hotA hai ata: vaha janya nahIM hogA / 'jo apane kAraNa meM sabhI prakAra se sat hotA hai' isa hetu nirdeza meM 'apane kAraNa meM' itanA aMza paricAyaka hI samajhA jAya na ki hetugata vizeSaNa rUpa, to prakRti aura caitanya ko bhI udAharaNa banA sakate haiM / yaha vyApakaviruddhaupalabdhisaMjJaka hetu kA prakAra yahA~ nirdiSTa hai / utpatti ke pUrva asattva yaha janyatva kA vyApaka hai, usa vyApaka kA virodhi hai utpatti ke pUrva sattva jo yahA~ upalabdha hai / vaha jahA~ rahegA vahA~ utpatti ke pUrva asattvarUpa vyApaka ke na rahane se usa kA vyApya janyatva bhI vahA~ nahIM raha sakatA / vipakSavyAvRttizaMkAnivAraNa isa prayoga meM 'sarvaprakAra se sattva' yaha hetu kabhI sAdhyadrohI nahIM hai| yadi sAdhyadroha kI arthAt hetu vipakSa meM bhI rahane kI zaMkA kI jAe to usa ke nivAraNa ke liye aisA ApAdana prastuta hai ki sarva prakAra se sat hone kA matalaba hai aba usa meM eka bhI nayA saMskAra pragaTa hone vAlA nahIM / jo aisA hotA hai vaha bhI agara janya mAnA jAyegA to caitanya yA prakRti ko bhI janya mAnane kI vipadA hogI, tathA jo eka bAra utpanna ho gayA hai vaha bAra bAra utpanna hote rahane kI anavasthA calegI / isa vipakSa bAdhaka pramANa se puSTa hetuprayoga se yaha phalita hotA hai ki satkAryavAda ke svIkAra meM kAryarUpa se mAne hue tattvoM meM akAryatva = ajanyatva

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352 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam dvitIyo'pi heturasiddhaH, vidyamAnatvAt sAdhyasyAbhivyaktyudekAnudrekAdyavasthAvizeSasyeti vaktavyam, yato'tra vikalpadvayam - kimasAvatizayo'bhivyaktyavasthAtaH prAgAsIt, Ahozvinneti ? yadyAsIt na tasiddhatAdidUSaNaM pryogdvyopnysthetudvysy| atha nAsIt evamapyatizayaH kathaM hetubhyaH prAdurbhAvamaznuvIta? 'asadakaraNAt' iti bhavadbhirabhyupagatatvAt / tat sthitam - sadakaraNAd na sat kAryam / yathoktanItyA satkAryavAde sAdhyasyAbhAvAdupAdAnagrahaNamapyanupapannaM syAt tatsAdhyaphalavAMchayaiva prekSAvadbhipAdAnaparigrahAt / 'niyatAdeva ca kSIrAderdadhyAdInAmudbhavaH' ityetadapyanupapannaM syAt sAdhyasyA'sambhavAdeva / yataH sarvasmAt sambhavAbhAva eva niyatAjjanmetyucyate, tacca satkAryavAdapakSe na ghaTamAnakam / tathA 'zaktasya zakyakaraNAt' ityetadapi satkAryavAde na yuktisaMgatam sAdhyAbhAvAdeva / yato yadi prasakta hotA hai / jaba kArya kA kAryatva hI lupta ho gayA to kAraNoM kA kAraNatva bhI svata: lupta ho jAyegA / kAraNa mAne jAne vAle mUlaprakRti, bIja yA dugdhAdi padArtha una ke saMbhavita kArya mahat, aMkura yA dahIM Adi ke janaka nahIM raheMge, kyoMki uparokta vidhAnAnusAra ajanya hone ke kAraNa mahat Adi, una kAraNoM se sAdhya = niSpAdya nahIM hai| udA0 maktAtmA katakatya hone se. usa kA koI sAdhya aba zeSa nahIM hai isaliye ve kisI bhI siddhi ke kAraNa nahIM hote / ___ yahA~ aisA anumAnaprayoga hai - jisa kA kucha bhI sAdhya nahIM vaha kisI kA kAraNa nahIM hotA, jaise caitanya kAraNarUpa se abhimata prakRti Adi bhI aise haiM jina kA koI sAdhya nahIM hai| yahA~ hetu vyApakAnupalabdhisvarUpa hai| kAraNatva kA vyApaka hai sasAdhyatva usa kI anupalabdhi rUpa hetu, prakRti Adi meM kAraNatva kI nivRtti ko siddha karatA hai| yahA~ donoM prayogoM meM nitya caitanya kA dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai, nitya caitanya sAMkhyavAdI ko mAnya hai kintu prativAdI ko mAnya nahIM hai isa liye prazna ho sakatA hai ki dRSTAnta ubhayapakSamAnya nahIM hai taba yaha anumAnaprayoga kaise saphala hogA ? uttara yaha hai ki yahA~ prativAdI paryAyavAdI ko dahIM Adi meM ajanyatva kI siddhi aura bIja Adi meM akAraNatva kI siddhi iSTa nahIM hai kintu donoM prayogoM se satkAryavAda meM prasaMgApAdana karanA iSTa hai / prasaMgApAdana meM to svamata meM siddha na ho kiMtu paravAdI ke mata meM siddha ho aisA dRSTAnta dene meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / koI sAMkhya - ekadezI agara aisA kaheM ki - 'dUsare prayoga meM nitya caitanya ko akartA (akAraNa) samajha kara dRSTAnta banAyA hai, kiMtu hama to cetanapuruSa ko pratibimbodaya meM hetutA mAna kara bhoga ke kartA bhI mAnate haiM ata: dRSTAnta meM akAraNatva asiddha hai|' - to isa asiddhi kA vAraNa karane ke liye muktAtmA ko dRSTAnta banAyeMge / ekadezI ke mata meM bhI muktAtmA pratibimbahetu na hone se bhogakartA nahIM hotA ata: akAraNa hI hotA hai| hetuoM meM asiddhi udbhAvana kA niSphala prayAsa sAMkhyavAdI : prathama prayoga meM jo 'sarva prakAra se sattva' hetu kiyA hai yadi usa meM abhivyakti prakAra bhI zAmila hai to hamAre mata se vaha hetu asiddha ho jAyegA / kyoMki utpatti ke pahale kAraNa meM kArya kA abhivyakti rUpa se sattva hama nahIM mAnate haiM / 'to kisa rUpa se hai ?' isa kA uttara hai 'zakti rUpa se yadi isa doSa ko TAlane ke liye 'sarvaprakAra se' / yaha vizeSaNa choDa diyA jAya to 'utpatti ke pUrva jo apane kAraNa meM sat hotA hai' aisA hetu ajanyatva sAdhya kA drohI bana jAyegA, kyoMki zaktirUpa se kAraNa meM sat hone vAlA kArya bhI kArakavyApAra se abhivyakti Adi atizaya ko le kara utpanna hotA hI hai| ata: vahA~ hetu hai, lekina 'ajanyatva' sAdhya nahIM hai / phalata: prathama prayoga se jo mahat Adi meM akAryatva ApAdana kiyA

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 353 kiMcit kenacidabhinivarkheta tadA nivarttakasya zaktirvyavasthApyate nivartyasya ca kAraNaM siddhimadhyAsIteti, nAnyathA / kAraNabhAvo'pi bhAvAnAM sAdhyAbhAvAdeva satkAryavAde na yuktisaMgataH / na caitad dRSTamiSTaM ca / tasmAd na sat kArya kAraNAvasthAyAmiti prasaMgaviparyayaH paJcasvapi prasaMgasAdhaneSu yojyaH / api ca, sarvameva hi sAdhanaM svaviSaye pravarttamAnaM dvayaM vidadhAti, svaprameyArthaviSaye utpadyamAnau saMzaya-viparyAsau nivarttayati, svasAdhyaviSayaM ca nizcayamupajanayati / na caitat satkAryavAde yuktyA saMgacchate / tathAhi - saMdeha-viparyAsau bhavadbhiH kiM caitanyasvabhAvAvabhyupagamyete, Ahozvid buddhi-manaHsvarUpau ? tatra yadi prathamaH pakSaH, sa na yuktaH, caitanyarUpatayA tayorbhavadbhiranabhyupagamAt, abhyupagame vA muktyavasthAyAmapi caitanyAbhyupagamAt tatsvabhAvayostayoranivRtteranirmokSaprasaMgaH, sAdhanavyApArAt tayoranivRttizca caitanyavanityatvAt / dvitIyapakSo'pi na yuktaH, buddhimanasornityatvena tayorapi nityatvAnivRttyayogAt / na ca nizcayotpattirapi sAdhanAt sambhavati, tasyA api sarvadA'vasthiteH anyathA satkAryavAdo vizIryeta iti sAdhanopanyAsaprayAso viphalaH kApilAnAm / / svavacanavirodhazca prApnoti / tathAhi- nizcayotpAdanArthaM sAdhanaM bruvatA nizcayasya asata utpattigayA hai vaha niravakAza hai / dUsare prayoga meM 'jisa kA koI sAdhya nahIM hai' yaha hetu asiddhi doSa se grasta hai kyoMki bIjAdi ke liye aMkura kI abhivyakti kA udreka athavA nAzaka hetu ke saMnidhAna meM usa kA anudreka yAnI tirobhAva Adi sAdhya avidyamAna nahIM kintu vidyamAna hai| paryAyavAdI : yaha vaktavya ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, yahA~ do vikalpoM kA sAmanA karanA hogA - abhivyaktAvasthA ke pahale vaha abhivyakti Adi saMskAra astitva meM thA yA nahIM ? yadi thA taba to abhivyaktarUpa se bhI kArya vahA~ sat hone ke kAraNa, hamAre prathama prayoga ke 'sarva prakAra se sattva' hetu meM asiddhi kA doSa sAvakAza nahIM hogaa| yadi pahale vaha saMskAra nahIM thA, yAnI asat thA, taba to kAraNasamUha se bhI vaha kaise utpanna hogA, jaba ki Apa asat kA karaNa (= niSpAdana) to mAnate hI nahIM ho / sArAMza ukta do prasaMgApAdana svarUpa prayogoM se yaha phalita hotA hai sat kA karaNa (= niSpAdana) zakya na hone se, utpatti ke pUrva kArya sat nahIM ho sakatA / sAdhyatva na hone para upAdAnagrahaNAdi niSphala pUrvokta prathama prayoga se yaha spaSTa hai ki satkAryavAda mAna lene para mahat Adi yA dahIM Adi meM sAdhyatva hI nahIM bacatA / jaba ve sAdhya hI nahIM hai to upAdAna kAraNa kA Adara bhI kauna karegA ? dahIM Adi sAdhya phala kI AzA meM hI jAnakAra loga dugdhAdi upAdAna kA saMgraha karate haiM, kintu sAdhya hI nahIM hogA to kauna usa ke saMgraha kA nirarthaka kaSTa UThAyegA ? 'sabhI padArthoM se saba kA udbhava nahIM hotA kintu niyata dugdhAdi hetu se hI dahI Adi hote haiN| yaha bAta bhI dahIM Adi kA sAdhyatva chIna jAne para saMgata nahIM ho sakegI / satkAryavAdI ne jo tIsarA hetu kahA thA 'sarvasambhavAbhAva', usa kA tAtparya to yahI hai ki niyata kAraNoM se niyata kArya kA janma / kintu jaba dahIM Adi sAdhya hI nahIM rahe, taba satkAryavAda meM niyatakAraNajanyatva bhI saMgata nahIM ho sktaa| tathA 'zaktasya zakyakaraNAt' (kAryajananazakti jisa meM hotI hai vahI zakya kArya ko utpanna karatA hai) yaha bhI satkAryavAda meM saMgata nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki satkAryavAda meM koI kAraNasAdhya tattva hI nahIM hai / yadi koI padArtha aisA hotA jo kisI se niSpanna ho, taba niSpAdaka padArtha meM jananazakti kI sthApanA evaM niSpanna

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 354 raMgIkRtA bhavet 'sat kAryam' iti ca pratijJayA sA niSiddheti svavacanavirodhaH spaSTa eva / atha sAdhanaprayogavaiyarthyaM mA prApaditi nizcayo'sanneva sAdhanAdutpadyata ityaMgIkriyate tarhi 'asadakaraNAt' ityAderhetupaMcakasyAnaikAntikatA svata evAbhyupagatA bhavati, nizcayavat kAryasyApyasata utpattyavirodhAt / tathAhi yathA niryasya asatospi karaNam tadutpattinimittaM ca yathA viziSTasAdhanaparigrahaH na ca yathA tasya sarvasmAt sAdhanAbhAsAdeH sambhavaH yathA cAsannapyasau zaktairhetubhirnirvatrtyate, yathA ca kAraNabhAvo hetUnAM samasti tathA kArye'pi bhaviSyati iti kathaM nAnaikAntikA nizvayena 'asadakaraNAt' - ityAdihetavaH / na ca yadyapi prAksAdhanaprayogAt sanneva nizvayaH tathApi na sAdhanavaiyarthyam yataH prAganabhivyakto nizvayaH pazcAt sAdhanebhyo vyaktimAsAdayatItyabhivyaktyarthaM sAdhanaprayogaH saphalaH iti nAnarthakyameSAmiti vaktavyam, vyakterasiddhatvAt / tathAhi kiM svabhAvAtizayotpattirabhivyaktirabhidhIyate, Ahozcit tadviSayaM jJAnam uta "tadupalambhAvArakApagamaH iti pakSAH / "tatra na tAvat svabhAvAtizayotpattirabhivyaktiH / yato'sau svabhAvAtizayo nizcayasvabhAvAdavyatiriktaH syAd vyatirikto vA ? yadyavyatiriktastadA nizcayasvarUpavat tasya sarvadaivAbasthiternotpattiryuktimatI / hone vAle padArtha ke niSpAdana kI sthApanA sambhava hotI, kintu sAdhyatva ke viraha meM vaha sambhava nahIM hai / satkAryavAda kI siddhi ke liye prayukta pazcama hetu 'kAraNabhAva' bhI usa mata saMgata nahIM hogA, kyoMki sAdhya hI koI nahIM hai / jagat meM kahIM bhI kAraNa kAryabhAva hI na ho, sAdhya hI koI na ho, na koI upAdAna kA grahaNa karatA ho.... ityAdi kahIM bhI dekhA nahIM jAtA aura na vaisA kisI ko iSTa bhI hai| isa se viparIta hI dekhA jAtA hai aura sabhI ko vaisA iSTa bhI hai kintu vaha satkAryavAda meM saMgata nahIM hotA isa liye ukta prasaMga kA viparyaya yaha phalita hotA hai ki kAraNAvasthA meM kArya sat nahIM hotA / sadakaraNa, upAdAnagrahaNa.. ityAdi pA~co satkAryavAda meM prasaMgasAdhana ke rUpa meM prayukta hai jo niSkarSa ke rUpa meM ukta viparyaya ko phalita karatA hai ki satkAryavAda asaMgata hai| - saMzayanivRtti kI aura nizvayotpatti kI anupapatti yaha jJAtavya hai ki apane kSetra meM hone vAlA koI bhI hetuprayoga do kAma karatA hai - A apane anumeyAtmaka prameyarUpa artha ke bAre meM pUrva meM utpanna hone vAle saMzaya athavA viparyAsa ( = bhrAnti) ko nivRtta karatA hai B apane sAdhya ke viSaya meM yathArtha nizcaya utpanna karatA hai / satkAryavAda meM ye donoM kAma yuktisaMgata nahIM ho pAte / kaise yaha dekhiye - saMdeha aura viparyAsa ko Apa caitanyasvabhAva mAnate haiM yA buddhi - mana: svarUpa ? caitanyasvabhAva mAnanA yuktiyukta nahIM hai, kyoMki Apa ke mata meM saMzaya viparyAsa ko caitanyamaya nahIM mAnA gayA / yadi caitanyamaya mAneMge to mukti avasthA meM caitanya akSuNNa rahatA hai isaliye caitanyasvabhAvAtmaka saMzaya- viparyAsa bhI utpanna hote hI raheMge, nivRtta nahIM hoMge, phalataH mokSa hI sampanna nahIM hogA / kisI kAraNavyApAra se bhI unakI nivRtti nahIM ho pAyegI, kyoMki nityacaitanya se abhinna hone ke nAte caitanya kI bhA~ti unakI nivRtti zakya nahIM / dUsarA vikalpa bhI satkAryavAda meM saMgata nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki prakRti - abhinna hone ke nAte buddhi aura mana to nitya tattva haiM isaliye buddhisvabhAvavAle athavA mana: svabhAvavAle saMzaya- viparyAsa bhI nitya bana gaye, phalataH unakI nivRtti nahIM ho pAyegI / prathama kAraNa jaise asaMgata hai vaise dUsarA kAma apane sAdhya ke nizcaya kI utpatti yaha bhI hetu prayoga se sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki utpanna kiyA jAne vAlA nizcaya bhI satkAryavAda meM sarvadA siddha hI hai, yadi nizcaya ko sarvadA siddha nahIM mAneMge - utpatti ke pUrva asat mAneMge to satkAryavAda samApta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 355 atha vyatiriktastathApi tasyAsau' iti sambandhAnupapattiH / tathAhi - AdhArAdheyalakSaNaH janyajanakasvabhAvo vAsau bhavet ? na tAvat prathamaH, parasparamanupakAryopakArakayostadasambhavAt, upakArAbhyupagame copakArasyApi pRthagbhAve sambandhAsiddhiH - aparopakArakalpanAyAM cAnavasthAprasaktiH - apRthagbhAve ca sAdhanopanyAsavaiyarthyam nizcayAdevopakArApRthagbhUtasyAtizayasyotpatteH / na cAtizayasya kazcidAdhAro yuktaH amUrttatvenAdhaHprasarpaNAbhAvAt adhogatipratibandhakatvenAdhArasya vyavasthAnAt / janyajanakabhAvalakSaNo'pi na sambandho yuktaH sarvadaiva sambandhAkhyasya (nizcayAkhyasya) kAraNasya sanihitatvAnnityamatizayotpattiprasakteH / na ca sAdhanaprayogApekSayA nizcayasyAtizayotpAdakatvaM yuktam anupakAriNyapekSA'yogAt, upakArAbhyupagame vA doSaH pUrvavad vAcyaH / api ca atizayopi pRthagbhUtaH kriyamANaH kimasan kriyate Ahosvit ho jAyegA / isa prakAra kapilaRSi ke bhaktoM kI ora se kiyA jAne vAlA hara koI hetuprayoga nirarthaka tthhregaa| *satkAryavAda meM vadato vyAghAta satkAryavAda meM apane hI vacana kA virodha prasakta hotA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - nizcaya utpanna karane ke liye hetuprayoga karanevAle asat nizcaya kI utpatti ko mAna kara hI hetuprayoga kara sakate haiM, phira dUsarI ora 'kArya sat hai' isa pratijJA ke dvArA asat kI utpatti kA svayaM niSedha karate haiM, ata: apane vacana kA apane mata meM spaSTa virodha hai| yadi apane hetaprayoga kI nirarthakatA dUra karane ke liye, asat nizcaya kI hetu prayoga se utpatti hone kA svIkAra kara leMge to - sat kArya kI siddhi ke liye prayukta asadakaraNa Adi pA~co hetu usa nizcayasthala meM sAdhyadrohI bana jAyeMge yaha apane Apa ghoSita ho jAyegA, kyoMki nizcaya to asat hI utpanna hone vAlA hai aura usakI taraha anya bhI kArya asat utpanna ho sakate haiM, usameM koI virodha nahIM ho sakatA / kaise yaha dekhiye - asat nizcaya kA karaNa mAnya kiyA hai / tathA, asat nizcaya upajAne ke liye Apane (upAdAna ke badale) viziSTa hetuprayoga kA Alambana liyA / Apane yaha bhI mAna liyA ki asat bhI nizcaya Thosa hetuprayoga se hI ho sakatA hai na ki hara kisI se, khAsa kara hetvAbhAsaprayoga se / yaha bhI svIkAra liyA ki asat nizcaya bhI apane zaktizAlI hetuoM se nipaja sakatA hai / tathA asat nizcaya ko nipajAne ke liye hetuprayogAdi meM kAraNabhAva bhI mAna liyA / aba kahiye ki asadakaraNa Adi pA~co hetu asat nizcaya sthala meM sAdhyadrohI kaise nahIM hai ? sat kArya kI siddhi ke liye heturUpa se prayukta asadakaraNa Adi sAdhana asat nizcaya rUpa vipakSa meM raha jAte haiN| sAMkhya :- hetuprayoga ke pUrva vaha nizcaya asat nahIM hai, sat hai / 'to phira hetuprayoga niSphala hogA' aisI bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki hetuprayoga ke pahale vaha nizcaya anabhivyakta thA jo aba hetuprayoga se abhivyakta hotA hai / nizcaya ko abhivyakta karane meM hI hetuprayoga kI sArthakatA hai, isaliye hetuprayoga niSphala nahIM hogaa| paryAyavAdI :- yaha vaktavya anucita hai, kyoMki hetu prayoga ke pahale abhivyakti asiddha yAnI asat hotI hai / dekhiye, abhivyakti kA kyA matalaba ? AsvabhAva meM aka naye atizaya kA prAdurbhAva, BathavA ajJAta viSaya kA jJAna honA C athavA viSayopalabdhivAraka kA dUra haTha jAnA ? ye tIna vikalpa haiM / abhivyakti svabhAvAtizayotpattirUpa nahIM A- svabhAva meM atizaya kA prAdurbhAva, abhivyakti kA yaha prathama vikalpa saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki svabhAvAtizaya kyA nizcaya ke svabhAva se pRthak hai yA abhinna hai ! yadi abhinna hai, to jaise nizcaya pUrvAvasthita hai vaise hI

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356 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam san iti kalpanAdvayam / asattve pUrvavat sAdhanAnAmanaikAntikatA vAcyA, sattve ca sAdhanavaiyarthyam tatrApi abhivyaktyabhyupagame 'keyamabhivyaktiH' ityAdyanavasthAprasaMgo durnivAra iti vyatirekapakSo'pi saMgatyasambhavAdasambhavI / ato na svabhAvAtizayotpattirabhivyaktiH / nApi tadviSayajJAnotpattisvarUpA abhivyaktiyuktisaMgatA, tadviSayajJAnasya bhavadabhiprAyeNa nityatvAt / tathAhi - tadviSayApi saMvittiH satkAryavAdimatena nityaiva kimutpAdyaM tasyAH syAt ? api ca ekaiva bhavanmatena saMvid 'AsargapralayAdekA buddhiH' [ ] iti kRtAntAt, saiva ca nizcayaH tatra ko'parastadupalambho'bhivyakti svarUpo yaH sAdhanaiH sampAdyeta ? na ca (na) tadbuddhisvabhAvA tadviSayA saMvittiH kiMtu manaHsvabhAveti vaktavyam 'buddhiH-upalabdhiH-adhyavasAyaH-manaH-saMvittiH' ityAdInAmanarthAntaratvena pradarzayiSyamANatvAt / tadabhinna svabhAvAtizaya bhI pUrvAvasthita hone se usa ke prAdurbhAva kI bAta kabhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hogI / yadi vaha pRthak hai, taba 'nizcaya kA svabhAvAtizaya' aisA SaSThIprayoga sambandha ke vinA saMgata nahIM hogA / sambandha bhI hogA to AdhArAdheyabhAvarUpa hogA yA janyajanakabhAvarUpa ? pahalA sambandha sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki ekadUsare meM upakAraka-upakArya bhAva na rahane para AdhAra AdheyabhAva sambandha nahIM ho sakatA / yadi nizcaya kA svabhAvAtizaya kI ora (yA svabhAvAtizaya kA nizcaya kI ora) koI upakAra mAneMge to vahA~ bhI vaha upakAra bhinna hai yA abhitra - ina vikalpoM kA sAmanA karanA hogA / bhinna mAneMge to puna: pUrvavat sambandha kI anupapatti doSa hogA, sambandha ke liye anya upakAra kI kalpanA meM anavasthA doSa lagegA, kyoMki usa anya upakAra ke liye bhI apara-apara upakAra kI kalpanA karanI hogI / yadi abhinna mAneMge to nizcaya-abhivyakti ke liye kiyA jAne vAlA hetuprayoga nirarthaka ThaharegA / kaise yaha dekhiye, svabhAvAtizaya meM nizcaya ke dvArA apane se abhinna upakAra utpanna hogA, isakA matalaba hai ki upakArabhinna svabhAvAtizaya hI nizcaya se utpanna hogaa| isa sthiti meM, jaba pUrvAvasthita nizcaya se hI abhivyaktisvarUpa svabhAvAtizaya ko utpanna honA hai taba hetuprayoga kI kyA AvazyakatA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vaha atizaya to amUrta padArtha hone se gurutvazUnya hai isaliye usake adhogamana kA sambhava hI nahIM hai; ata eva 'adhogati kA pratibandhaka' rUpa AdhAra bhI asambhava hai, phalata: AdhArAdheyabhAva sambandha hI yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai| vidvAnoM ne yaha sthApita kiyA huA hai ki jo adhogati ko rokatA hai vahI AdhAra hai| janya-janakabhAvarUpa sambandha bhI yahA~ saMgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, yadi svabhAvAtizaya kI utpattijanya-janakabhAvarUpa sambandhasaMjJaka (athavA nizcayasaMjJaka) kAraNa para avalambita hogI to sadA usakI utpatti hotI hI rahegI kyoMki vaha sambandha (?nizcayAtmaka kAraNa) sat rUpa hone se sadA ke liye upasthita hai / yadi kahA jAya - 'nizcayAtmaka kAraNa to sadA upasthita hai kintu ukta hetuprayoga bhI atizayotpatti meM apekSita hai, ata: usake abhAva meM sadA usakI utpatti kA aniSTa nahIM hogA'- to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki nizcaya kA anupakAraka hetuprayoga kabhI apekSaNIya nahIM ho sakatA / yadi hetuprayoga se nizcaya kA koI upakAra mAneMge to pUrvavat bhinna-abhinna vikalpoM meM kahe haiM aise doSa prasakta hoNge| tathA, yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai- pRthak atizaya asat ho kara utpanna hotA hai yA sat hokara utpanna hotA hai ? yadi asat atizaya utpanna hogA, taba to pUrvokta hetupaMcaka isI sthala meM sAdhyadrohI bana baiThegA / yadi sat atizaya utpanna hotA hai taba to kAraNoM meM nirarthakatA kI vipadA khaDI hai / yadi kaheM ki- 'kAraNoM se

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 "tadviSayopalambhAvaraNakSayalakSaNApyabhivyaktirna ghaTAM prAJcati, dvitIyasyopalambhasyA'sambhavenopalambhAvaraNasyApyabhAvAt na hyasataH AvaraNaM yuktisaMgatam tasya vastusadviSayatvAt / na cAsatastadAvaraNasya kutazcit kSayo yuktaH / sattve'pi tadAvaraNasya nityatvAd na kSayaH sambhavI, ti(ro)bhAvalakSaNopi kSayastasyA'yuktaH aparityaktapUrvarUpasya tirobhAvAnupapatteH / tadviSayopalambhasya sattvepi nityatvAnnAvaraNasambhava iti kutastatkSayo'bhivyaktiH ? na cApyAvaraNakSayaH kenacid vidhAtuM zakyaH, tasya niHsvabhAvatvAt / tato'bhivyakteraghaTamAnatvAt satkAryavAdapakSe sAdhanopanyAsavaiyarthyam / ___ evaM bandha-mokSAbhAvaprasaMgazca tatpakSe / tathAhi - pradhAnapuruSayoH kaivalyopalambhalakSaNatattvajJAnaprAdurbhAve sati apavargaH kApilairabhyupagamyate, tacca tattvajJAnaM sarvadA vyavasthitameveti sarva eva dehino'pavRkSAH(?ktAH) syuH / ata eva na bandho'pi tatpakSe saMgataH mithyAjJAnavazAddhi bandha iSyate tasya ca sarvadA vyavasthitatvAt sarveSAM dehinAM baddhatvamiti kRto mokSaH ? lokavyavahArocchedazca satkAryavAdAbhyupagame / tathAhi - hitA'hitaprAptiparihArAya lokaH pravarttate, na ca tatpakSe kiMcidaprApyam aheyaM vA samastIti nirvyApArameva sakalaM jagat syAditi kathaM na sakalavyavahArocchedaprasaMgaH ? sat atizaya kI 'utpatti' nahIM- abhivyakti hotI hai isaliye nirarthakatA nahIM hogI'- to yahA~ phira se vahI praznaparamparA ki vaha abhivyakti svabhAvAtizayotpattirUpa hai yA... ityAdi Avartita hogI / tAtparya, nizcayasvabhAva se bhinna svabhAvAtizaya pakSa doSagrasta hone se asaMgata hai aura sambhavita vikalpoM kI asaMgati ke kAraNa, abhivyakti svabhAvAtizayautpattirUpa mAnanA bhI ayukta hai / abhivyakti nizcayaviSayakajJAnarUpa nahIM ho sakatI ___Babhivyakti yAnI nizcaya ke viSaya meM jJAna kI utpatti; yaha artha yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki kisI bhI viSaya kA jJAna bhI sAMkhyavAda meM nitya hI hai| kaise yaha dekhiye- satkAryavAda ke anusAra kisI bhI viSaya kA saMvedana nitya hI hotA hai, nitya apane Apa meM paripUrNa hI hotA hai, usa meM kyA nayA utpanna karAyeMge? tathA, Apa ke mata meM to saMvedana samagrarUpa meM eka hI hai, ki 'sRSTi se pralaya taka buddhi eka hI hotI hai / ' yaha Apake hI siddhAnta meM kahA gayA hai / buddhi aura nizcaya to eka hI hai, abhivyakti svarUpa jo upalambha hai nizcaya kA, vaha kyA buddhi se alaga hai jisa ko Apa hetuprayoga se nipajAnA cAhate haiM ? yadi kaheM ki"nizcaya kA saMvedana buddhisvabhAva nahIM hai / kiMtu mana:svabhAva hai / '- yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki agrima grantha meM yaha spaSTa kiyA jAyegA ki buddhi-upalabdhi-adhyavasAya-mana-saMvedana ityAdi zabda saba ekArthaka hI haiM / * abhivyakti AvaraNavinAzarUpa nahIM abhivyakti yAnI nizcayaviSayaka upalambha ke AvaraNa kA vinAza, yaha artha bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatA / kAraNa, nizcaya svayaM hI svaprakAza upalambha svarUpa hai ata: nizcayaviSayaka aura koI upalambha hI sambhava nahIM hai to usake AvaraNa ke sambhava kI aura usake vinAza kI bAta hI kahA~ ? tathA upalambha asat hai to usakA AvaraNa yuktisaMgata nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki AvaraNa to sad vastu kA hotA hai / asad vastu kA to AvaraNa bhI asat rahegA aura asat AvaraNa kA kisI se vinAza honA- yaha bhI ayukta hai| yadi AvaraNa sat hai to sAMkhya mata meM sat saba nitya hotA hai, nitya hone se usa kA vinAza asambhava hai / vinAza yAnI tirobhAva, aisA artha bhI saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki pUrvarUpa ke parityAga (yAnI vinAza) ke vinA tirobhAva bhI ghaTa nahIM sktaa|

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358 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam niSiddhe ca satkAryavAde 'asat kArya kAraNe' iti siddhameva, sadasatoH parasparaparihArasthitatvena prakArAntarA'sambhavAt - tathApi paropanyastadUSaNasya dUSaNAbhAsapratipAdanaprakAro lezataH prdshyte| tatra yattAvaduktaM pareNa 'asat kartuM naiva zakyate niHsvabhAvatvAt' iti (299-3) tadasiddham vastusvabhAvasyaiva vidhIyamAnatvAbhyupagamAt, tasya ca nairUpyA'siddheH / atha prAga utpatteniHsvabhAvameva tat / na, tasyaiva niHsvabhAvatvA'yogAt / na yataH sasvabhAva eva niHsvabhAvo yuktaH, vastusvabhAvapratiSedhalakSaNatvAniHsvabhAvatvasya / na ca kriyamANaM vastu utpAdAt prAgasti yena tadeva niHsvabhAvaM siddhayet / na ca vastu virahalakSaNameva dharmiNaM ni(?nI) rUpaM pakSIkRtya 'narUpyAt' iti hetuH pa(?ka)kSIkriyata iti vaktavyam siddhasAdhyatAprasaMgAt, yato na vastuvirahaH kenacid vidhIyamAnatayA'bhyupagataH / anaikAntikazcAyaM hetuH vipakSe bAdhakapramANA'pradarzanAt / kAraNazaktipratiniyamAddhi kizcidevAsat yadi nizcayaviSayaka dvitIya upalambha kA sattva mAnya kiyA jAya to vaha upalambha hI sat hone ke kAraNa nitya hone se, usakA AvaraNa bhI ghaTa nahIM sakegA / AvaraNa sambhava na hone se usakA vinAza bhI ghaTa nahIM sakegA, taba abhivyakti ko kaise saMgata kareMge ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki AvaraNadhvaMsa to tucchasvarUpa hai, isaliye usakA kisI upAya se niSpAdana hI zakya nahIM hogaa| niSkarSa, tInoM vikalpa meM abhivyakti ghaTa nahIM sakane ke kAraNa satkAryavAda kI siddhi ke liye hetuprayoga kA vinyAsa nirarthaka ThaharatA hai / satkAryavAda meM bandhamokSAbhAvAdi prasaMga sAMkhya ke satkAryavAda meM na to bandha ghaTegA na mokSa / kaise yaha dekhiye - kapila RSi ke bhaktoM kA aisA mantavya hai ki 'maiM prakRti se pRthak hU~' isa prakAra jaba prakRtivinirmukta kevala puruSa ke upalambha svarUpa tattvajJAna kA prAdurbhAva honA - yahI apavarga yAnI mokSa kahA jAtA hai / kintu aisA tattvajJAna nityavAdI sAMkhyamata meM sadA ke liye upasthita hI hai, isaliye samasta dehadhAriyoM kI mukti ho jAnI cAhiye / vaha mukti bhI nitya mukti rUpa hone se aba bandha tattva bhI satkAryavAda meM saMgata nahIM hogA / kAraNa, bandha to mithyAjJAna ke prabhAva se hotA hai, tattvajJAna kI taraha hI mithyAjJAna bhI sadA ke liye avasthita hone para sabhI jIva sadA ke liye bandhanagrasta hI raheMge to kisa kA mokSa hogA ? satkAryavAda ke svIkAra meM lokavyavahAra kA bhI tiraskAra ho jAtA hai| kaise yaha dekhiye - hita kI prApti aura ahita ke tyAga ke liye saba prayatna karate haiN| kiMtu sAMkhyamata meM kucha bhI aprApta nahIM hai kyoMki nitya hone se jo prApta honA cAhiye vaha prApta hI hai aura jisa kA tyAga honA cAhiye vaha tyakta hI hai ata: nayA kucha bhI prAptavya athavA tyAjya rahatA hI nahIM / phalataH sArA jagat vyApAra(= prayatna)hIna bana jAne se, sAre lokavyavahAra kA uccheda prasakta hogA / satkAryadAdaniSedha asatkAryavAdasAdhaka jaba satkAryavAda niSiddha ho gayA to arthata: usa kA viparyaya siddha ho jAtA hai ki kAraNa meM utpatti ke pUrva kArya asat hotA hai / kyoMki sat aura asat eka-dUsare kA parihAra kara ke rahate haiM aura sat-asat ke alAvA koI tRtIya vidhA nahIM hai isaliye sat kA niSedha asat ke vidhAna meM phalita hotA hai / isa prakAra asat kArya kI arthata: siddhi ho jAne para bhI, asatkAryavAda meM anyavAdiyoMne jo doSAropaNa kiyA hai vaha

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359 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 kriyate yasyotpAdako heturvidyate, yasya tu zazazRMgAdernAstyutpAdakaH tanna kriyate iti anekAnta eva, yato na sarva sarvasya kAraNamiSTam / na ca 'yad asat tat kriyate eva' iti vyAptirabhyupagamyate; kiM tarhi ? yad vidhIyate utpatteH prAk tat asadevetyabhyupagamaH / atha tulye'pi asatkAritve hetUnAM kimiti sarvaH sarvasyA'sato heturna bhavatItyabhidhIyate ? asadetat - bhavatpakSepyasya codyasya samAnatvAt / tathAhi - tulye satkAritve kimiti sarvaH sarvasya sato heturna bhavatItyasatkAryavAdInApyetadabhidhAtuM zakyata eva / na ca bhavanmatena kiMcidasadasti yena tanna kriyate / na ca kAraNazaktiniyamAt sadapi nabho'mburuhAdi na kriyate ityuttaramabhidhAnIyam , itaratrApyasya samAnatvAt / taduktam - doSAbhAsaropaNa hai isa bAta ko ujAgara karane ke liye kiMcit prayAsa ucita hai - yaha jo kahA thA [299-32] 'asat svabhAvarahita hone ke kAraNa usa kA karaNa azakya hai / ' yaha kathana yuktisiddha nahIM hai / hama asat kA sat-karaNa nahIM mAnate kintu kAraNoM ke vyApAra se vastusvabhAva kA niSpAdana mAnate haiM aura vastusvabhAva nirupAkhya nahIM hotA / yadi kaheM ki - 'utpatti ke pahale to vaha bhAvi meM nipajanevAlA vastusvabhAva svabhAvazUnya hI hotA hai - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jo usa samaya nahIM hotA, vaha to svabhAvazUnya bhI nahIM hotA / tAtparya, Apa utpanna vastu ko uddeza kara ke utpatti ke pahale svabhAvazUnya hone kI bAta karate haiM kintu utpatti ke pahale jo hastI meM hI nahIM usa ke liye 'vaha svabhAvayukta thA yA svabhAvazUnya' isa carcA ko bhI avakAza nahIM / aisA zakya hI nahIM hai ki jo aba svabhAvayukta hai vaha kabhI svabhAvazUnya ho kara bhI hastI meM ho / svabhAvazUnya kA matalaba hI yaha hai ki vastusvabhAva kA niSedha, vaha svabhAvayukta vastu ko uddeza kara ke kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisa kI utpatti kI jA rahI hai vaha utpatti ke pUrva, hastI meM hI nahIM hai to 'svabhAvazUnya ho kara taba hotI hai aisA kaise siddha hogA ? yadi kaheM ki - 'hama nIrUpa vastuviraha ko uddeza kara ke ni:svabhAvatva hetu se usa ke kAraNa kI azakyatA ko siddha kareMge' - to isa meM iSTApatti hone se siddhasAdhyatA doSaprasaMga hogA, kyoMki vastuviraha jo ki zazasIMgatulya tuccha hai usa kA kAraNa (= niSpAdana) kisI bhI rIti se zakya nahIM mAnate haiM, hama to vastuviraha kA nahIM vastusvabhAva kA niSpAdana mAnate haiM / asat-akaraNa kI siddhi meM hetu sAdhyadrohI '(jo) asat (hai usa) kA karaNa zakya nahIM hai kyoMki vaha svabhAvarahita hai' isa prayoga meM hetu sAdhyadrohI hai / yahA~ jisa kA karaNa zakya hai vaha vipakSa hai, vipakSa meM svabhAvazUnyatva hetu ke raha jAne meM koI bAdhaka dikhAnA cAhiye vaha to aba taka nahIM dikhAyA hai, isaliye vipakSavRttitva meM bAdhaka na hone ke kAraNa hetu saMdigdhasAdhyadrohI siddha hotA hai / asat (pakSa) svayaM hI yahA~ vipakSa bhI ho sakatA hai, kaise yaha dekhiye, asat hone para bhI jisa ke utpAdaka hetu hastI meM nahIM hai usa zazasIMga Adi kA karaNa azakya hai kintu asat hone para bhI jisa ke utpAdaka hetu vidyamAna ho usa kA karaNa zakya ho sakatA hai, kyoMki utpAdaka kAraNoM meM sarva asat ke utpAdana kI sAdhAraNa zakti nahIM hotI kintu niyatarUpa se kucha hI asat ke utpAdana kI zakti hotI hai, saba to saba kA kAraNa nahIM hotA / ata: zakyakaraNavAlA asat hI yahA~ vipakSa huA, usa meM svabhAvazUnyatA hetu rahatA hai isaliye sAdhyadroha spaSTa hai / hama aisA to koI niyama nahIM mAnate ki 'jo asat hai usa kA karaNa hotA hI hai / hama to yaha mAnate haiM ki 'jisa kA utpAdana kiyA jAtA hai vaha utpatti ke pahale asat hI hotA hai|'

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360 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam traiguNyasyA'vizeSepi na sarva sarvakArakam / 'yadvat tadvadasattve'pina (sarva) sarvakArakam // [tattvasaM0 kA0 28] abhyupagamavAdena ca 'yadvat tadvat' iti sAmyamuktam, na punastadasti / tathAhi - satyapi kAryakAraNayorbhede kasyacit kiMcit kAraNaM bhavati - svahetuparamparAyAtatvAt tathAbhUtasvabhAvapratiniyamasya - abhede ca tayorekasyaikatraikasminneva kAle hetutvamahetutvaM cAnyonyaviruddhaM kathaM sambhavet - viruddha dharmAdhyAsanibandhanatvAt vastubhedasya ? taduktam - [pra0 vA0 - 174 utta0 175 pUrvA0] "bhede hi kAraNaM kiMcid vastudharmatayA bhavet // abhede tu viruddhayete tasyaikasya kriyA'kriye" prabha: sabhI hetu jaba vinA kisI pakSapAta, asat ke hI utpAdaka haiM to ve amuka hI asat ko utpanna kare, amuka asat ko na kareM . yAnI sabhI hetu sabhI asat ke utpAdaka nahIM hote - aisA pakSapAtabharA vidhAna kyoM karate haiM ? uttara : yaha prazna nirarthaka hai kyoMki satkAryavAda meM bhI aisA prazna ho sakatA hai, dekhiye - sabhI hetu jaba vinA kisI pakSapAta sat ke hI utpAdaka haiM to sabhI hetu. sabhI sat ke utpAdaka nahIM hote aisA kyoM ? aisA prazna asatkAryavAdI bhI uThA sakate haiM / Apa ke mata meM asat to koI hai hI nahIM jisa se ki usa ke akaraNa kA samarthana kiyA jA sake / [utpatti ke pUrva saba kucha sat hotA hai isa liye gaganakusuma bhI jaba usa kI utpatti nahIM huyI taba sat honA hI cAhiye / jisa kI utpatti aba taka nahIM huI aise to asaMkhya padArtha haiM jina meM gaganakusuma bhI zAmila hai| vinA pramANa Apa yaha bheda nahIM kara sakate haiM ki utpatti ke pUrva ghaTAdi hI sat hotA hai, gaganakusumAdi nahIM / isa sthiti meM Apa ke mata meM asat to kucha ho hI nahIM sakatA jisa kA akaraNa batAyA jA sake / ] yadi kaheM ki - 'kAraNoM meM sarvasAdhAraNa (jisa meM gaganakusuma bhI zAmila hai aise sarva) kI utpAdana zakti nahIM hotI kintu maryAdita vastu ke janana kI hI zakti hotI hai isa liye utpatti ke pUrva sat hone para bhI gaganakusuma kA karaNa nahIM hotA' - to aisA uttara asatkAryavAda meM bhI tayyAra hai jo pahale hI kaha Aye haiM / tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai ki - 'jaise saba kucha triguNamaya hote huye bhI sabhI kA kAraNa nahIM hai|' [aise hI asatkAryavAda meM saba kucha utpatti ke pUrva asat hote huye bhI, saba sabhI kA kAraNa nahIM hai / ] kArya-kAraNabheda pakSa meM viziSTa niyama saMgata tattvasaMgrahakAra ne sAmya dikhAte hue jo kahA ki - jaise Apa ke mata meM hai vaisA hamAre mata meM bhI kaha sakate haiM - yaha sirpha abhyupagamavAda se yAnI eka bAra kRtrima rUpa se prativAdI kA mata svIkAra kara ke kahA hai / vAstava meM koI sAmya nahIM hai / kArya-kAraNa kA bheda mAnane vAle hamAre pakSa meM 'kisI eka kArya kA koI eka hI kAraNa ho' aisA susaMgata hai kyoMki yavAMkura kI utpatti yavabIja se hI hotI hai na ki vIhIbIja se, isa prakAra ke svabhAva kA viziSTa niyama apane hetuoM kI vaMzaparamparA se hI calA AtA hai / jaba ki abhedavAda meM to yavAMkura aura vrIhiaMkura donoM ke sAtha utpatti ke pahale kAraNa ko samAnarUpa se abheda hai phira bhI kisI eka yavabIja se eka sthAna meM eka hI kAla meM yavAMkura kA hetutva aura vrIhiaMkura kA ahetutva, paraspara viruddha ye donoM dharma kaise susaMgata ho pAyeMge ? viruddhadharmAdhyAsa to vastubhedamUlaka hotA hai, - pUrvamudrite uttarArddham na vidyate, limbaDI-Adarze tu vidyate / * pUrvamudrite tu 'hetukatvaM' ityeva pAThaH / atra limbaDIAdarzAnusAryupanyastaH /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 3 361 - atha asatkAryavAdinaH pratiniyatAH zaktayo na ghaTante kAryAtmakAnAmavadhInAmaniSpatteH / na hyavadhimantareNAvadhimataH sadbhAvaH sambhavati / prayogazcAtra 'ye sadbhUtakAryAvadhizUnyAH na te niyatazaktayaH yathA zazazRMgAdayaH sadbhUtakAryAvadhizUnyAzca zAlibIjAdayo bhAvA' : iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / satkAryavAde tu kAryAvadhisadbhAvAdyuktaH kAraNapratiniyamaH / uktaM ca [ tattvasaM0 - 29] - avadhInAmaniSpatterniyatoste na zaktayaH sattve ca niyamastAsAM yuktaH sAvadhiko nanu // iti // asadetat - hetoranaikAntikatvAt / tathAhi - avadhInAmaniSpattau ' kSIrasya dadhyutpAdena zakti:' iti vyapadezaH kevalaM mA bhUt, yat punaranadhyAropitaM sarvopAdhinirapekSaM vastusvarUpam - yadanaMtaraM pUrvamadRSTamapi vastvantaraM prAdurbhavati - tasyA'pratiSedha eva / na ca zabdavikalpAnAM yatra vyAvRttistatra vastusvabhAvo'pi nivarttate, yato vyApakaH svabhAvaH kAraNaM abhedavAda meM vaha kaise hogA ? pramANavArttika meM kahA hai ki " bheda hone para to vAstavika rUpa se 'koI eka vastu kAraNa honA' bana sakatA hai, abhedavAda meM eka vastu meM kriyA aura akriyA paraspara virodhI hai / ' satkAryavAdI : asatkAryavAda meM kAryasvarUpa avadhi ke aniSpanna yAnI anupasthita hone ke kAraNa, kAraNoM meM una avadhiyoM para AdhArita pratiniyata zakti kA honA susaMgata nahIM hogA / kAraNagata zakti kAryarUpa avadhi ko sApekSa hotI hai / avadhi ke binA avadhimatI zaktiyA~ bhI kaise ho sakatI haiM ? yahA~, prasaMgApAdAna ke liye aisA nyAyaprayoga hai - " satkAryasvarUpa avadhi se zUnya jo hoMge ve niyata zakti vAle nahIM ho sakate, udA0 zazasIMga Adi / zazasIMga Adi meM koI bhI zakti nahIM hai kyoMki ve satkAryarUpa avadhi se rahita hote haiM / zAlibIjAdi bhAva bhI (asatkAryavAda meM) satkAryarUpa avadhi se zUnya hI haiM / " yahA~ hetu vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa hai / niyata zakti satkAryarUpa vyApta hai / satkArya avadhi isa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi yahA~ hetu bana kara niyata zakti ke abhAva ko siddha karatI hai / satkAryavAda meM to kArya kAraNa meM avadhirUpa se vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa, kAraNoM meM zakti niyama AsAnI se bana sakatA hai / tattvasaMgraha meM kahA hai - avadhiyoM kI anupasthiti meM zaktiyA~ niyata nahIM ho sakatI / avadhiyoM ko sat mAnane para zaktiyoM kA avadhisApekSa niyama bana sakatA hai| yaha vaktavya galata hai, kyoMki isa prayoga meM hetu sAdhyadrohI ho jAtA hai / avadhizUnyatva hetu sAdhyadrohI hetu kaise sAdhyadrohI hai yaha dekhiye avadhiyoM kI anupasthiti meM bhI niyatazakti hone meM koI bAdha nahIM / hAlA~ki, avadhi kI anupasthiti meM, aisA vikalpa athavA vAkyaprayoga ki 'dahIjananazakti dUdha meM hai' nahIM ho sakatA to mata ho kiMtu anAropita evaM sarva upAdhi nirapekSa jo vastusvarUpa hotA hai (jisa meM vaha zakti bhI zAmila hai), aisA vastusvarUpa ki jisake uttarakSaNoM meM, pUrva meM anupalabdha anya vastu kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, usa vastusvarUpa ke ( jisa meM vaha zakti antargata hai) hone meM koI bAdha nahIM hai / bAdha kyoM nahIM hai yaha bhI dekhiye 'zabdaprayoga evaM vikalpa kI jisa ke bAre meM gati na ho usa kA vastusvabhAva nivRtta ho jAya' aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| kAraNa, niyama aisA hai ki jo svabhAvAtmaka ( vRkSAdisvabhAva) yA kAraNarUpa ( agni Adi) vyApaka ho usakI hone para apane vyApya ( ziMzapAdi) kI yA apane kArya (dhUmAdi) kI *. 'bhedamAtrA'vizeSe'pi svahetupratyayaniyamitasvabhAvatvAt kecideva kArakAH syurnAnye tatsvabhAvatvAdityatra naivaM kiMcidviruddhamasti / ekatve tu tasya tatraiva tathA kArakatvamakArakatvaM ceti vyAhatametat / ' iti pramANavArttika svopajJa TIkAyAm / [ 10259 ] paryAyavAdI : - Jain Educationa International - - For Personal and Private Use Only

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362 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vA vyAvarttamAnaM svaM vyApyaM svakArya vA''dAya nivarttata iti yuktam tayostAbhyAM pratibandhAt, nAnyaH atiprasaMgAt / na ca 'payaso dani zaktiH' ityAdivyapadezaH vikalpo vA bhAvAnAM vyApakaH svabhAvaH kAraNaM vA yenAsau nivartamAnaH sva(m)bhAvaM nivartayet, tavyatirekeNApi bhAvasadbhAvAt / yato vyapadezAH vikalpAca niraMzaikasvabhAve vastuni yathAbhyAsamanekaprakArAH pravarttamAnA upalabhyante, ekasyaiva zabdAderbhAvasya anityAdirUpeNa 'bhinnasamayasthAyibhirvAdibhiH vyapadezAt vikalpanAcca - tattAdAtmye vastunazcitratvaprasaktiH vyapadeza-vikalpavat, zabdavikalpAnAM vastusvarUpavadekatvaprasaMgaH / na hyekaM citraM yuktam atiprasaMgAt / tataH zaktipratiniyamAt kiMcideva asad vidhIyate na sarvam, ityanaikAntiko'pi 'narUpyAt' iti hetuH / 'upAdAnagrahaNAt' ityAdihetucatuSTayasya ata evAnaikAntikatvam / tathAhi - yadi kAryasattvakRtameva pratiniyatopAdAnagrahaNaM kvacit siddhaM bhavet tadaitat syAt, yAvatA kAraNazaktipratiniyamakRtamapi pratiniyatopAdAnagrahaNaM ghaTata eva / sarvasmAt sarvasya sambhavo'pi kAraNazaktipratiniyamAdeva ca na bhavati, nivRtti hotI hai| prastuta meM, 'dahI kI zakti dUdha meM aisA zabdavyavahAra athavA vaisA vikalpa pUrvokta 'vastusvarUpa' bhAva kA (jisa ke uttarakSaNa meM anya vastu utpanna hotI hai usa kA) vyApaka svabhAvAtmaka athavA kAraNarUpa nahIM hai ki jisa se, una kI nivRtti se pUrvokta vastusvarUpa bhAva kI bhI nivRtti mAnI jA sake / kyoMki tathokta zabdavyavahAra athavA vikalpa ke vinA bhI pUrvokta vastusvarUpa kA sadbhAva ho sakatA hai| (isa prakAra avadhizUnyatva hetu sAdhyadrohI siddha huaa)| zabda aura vikalpa kI vyAvRtti se vastuvyAvRtti nahIM hotI vaise hI zabda-vikalpa ke dvArA vastupratiSThA bhI nahIM hotI, kyoMki vastu niraMza ekasvabhAvavAlI hotI hai kintu jJAtA ko apane abhyAsa ke anusAra, zabda aura vikalpa to vastu ke bAre meM kaI prakAra ke utpanna hote haiM, yaha dikhatA hai / jaise eka hI zabdAdi vastu ke liye apane apane bhinna bhinna AgamoM ke abhyAsa ke anurUpa anekasamayasthAyivastu-vAdi ko nityatva kA aura eka samayasthAyivastuvAdI ko anityatva kA vikalpa hotA hai aura tadanusAra zabdavyavahAra karate haiM / kintu nityatva-anityatva ubhaya kA tAdAtmya to vastu meM ho nahIM sakatA, hone kA mAnegeM to jaise zabda aura vikalpa meM citratva hotA hai vaise vastu bhI citra (yAnI aniyatasvabhAvavAlI) ho jAne kI vipadA hogI / athavA to vastu ke ekatva kI taraha zabda aura vikalpa meM citratva lupta ho kara ekatva prasakta hogA / eka vastu ko citra (= anekasvabhAva) mAnanA yogya nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vastu ke niyatasvarUpa ke bhaMga kA atiprasaMga ho sakatA hai / niSkarSa, zakti kA niyama aisA hai, (jo pahale kahA hai ki jisa ke utpAdaka kAraNa maujUda hai vahI bhAva pUrva meM asat hone para bhI utpanna hotA hai,) isa liye kucha hI asat kA karaNa hotA hai, zazasIMga Adi sabhI asat kA nahIM hotA / ata: pahale jo yaha prayoga diyA thA ki 'asat kA karaNa azakya hai kyoMki nIrUpa = ni:svabhAva hai' isa prayoga meM nIrUpatA hetu sAdhyadrohI siddha hotA hai, kyoMki 'asat kA karaNa azakya hai' yaha dikhA diyA hai| upAdAnagrahaNa Adi hetu sAdhyadrohI* 'asat kA akaraNa' isa prathama hetu ke samAna 'upAdAnagrahaNa' Adi cAra hetu bhI sAdhyadrohI haiM / kaise ? dekhiye - 'niyata upAdAna kA grahaNa utpattipUrva kAryasattva ke jariye hI hotA hai' aisA kahIM dekhane ko milatA taba to vaha saccA hetu bana sakatA, kintu vaisA to kahIM dekhane ko milatA nahIM, balki kAraNoM meM niyata * bhitrasya samaya0 iti liM0 pAThaH /

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363 dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 sarvasya sarvArthakriyAkAribhAvatvasyA'siddheH / yadapi 'akAryAtizayam' ...ityAyuktam (301-3) tadapyabhiprAyA'parijJAnAdeva / yato nAsmAbhiH 'abhAva utpadyate' iti nigayate yena vikArApattau tasya svabhAvahAniprasaktirApayeta, kintu vastveva samutpAdyate iti prAk pratipAditam / tacca vastu prAgutpAdAt asata upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalabdheH niSpannasyAtiprasaMgataH kAryatvAnupapattezva-ityucyate / yasya ca kAraNasya savidhAnamAtreNa tat tathAbhUtamudeti tena tat "kriyate' iti vyapadizyate, na vyApArasamAvezAt kiMcit kenacit kriyate, sarvadharmANAmavyApAratvAt / nApyasat kiMcidasti yannAma kriyate asattvasya vastusvabhAvaprativandhalakSaNatvAt / api ca yadi akAryAtizayavat tadasana kriyate ityabhidhIyate, sadapi sarvasvabhAvaniSpatterakAryAtizayameveti kathaM kriyate ? tataH 'zaktasya zakyakaraNAt' ityayamapyanaikAntikaH / satkAryavAde ca kAraNabhAvasyA'ghaTamAnatvAt 'kAraNabhAvAt' ityayamapyanaikAntikaH / (= maryAdita) zakti ke rahane se hI kartA niyata amuka hI upAdAna kA grahaNa karatA hai - yaha ghaTa sake aisI bAta hai| isa liye asatkAryapakSarUpa vipakSa meM bhI upAdAnagrahaNa hetu ke raha jAne se vaha sAdhyadrohI huaa| 'sabhI se saba kI utpatti kA abhAva' (tIsarA hetu) bhI asatkAryapakSa meM kAraNazakti ke maryAdita hone ke kAraNa hI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki sarvArthakriyAkAritva sarva meM hove aisA dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| pahale jo yaha kahA thA [302-13] 'asat kArya atizayaAdhAnayogya nahIM hotA, isaliye usa kA karaNa azakya hai / yadi use atizayAdhAnayogya mAneMge to asat vikRta ho jAne se asatsvarUpa kI hAni prasakta hogI'...ityAdi vaha saba hamAre abhiprAya ko samajhe vinA kaha diyA hai| hama aisA nahIM kahate ki 'abhAva utpanna hotA hai', aisA kahate taba to vikAraprApti hone ke jariye svarUpahAni ke prasaMga ko avakAza mila sakatA / hama to kahate haiM ki kAraNoM ke vyApAra se abhAva nahIM kintu nayI vastu hI utpanna hotI hai jo utpatti ke pahale nahIM thI kyoMki upalabdhi kI yogyatA rahane para bhI usa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI thI / evaM vahI vastu yadi utpatti ke pUrva vaha sat yAnI niSpanna rahatI taba usa kI upalabdhi kA athavA usa se sAdhya arthakriyA kA athavA puna: utpatti kA prasaMga doSa hotA hai, isa kAraNa pUrva meM sat hone para vastu meM kAryatva hI saMgata nahIM hotA - yaha hamArA kahane kA abhiprAya hai / tathA jisa kAraNa kI saMnidhi hone para vastubhUta kArya utpanna hotA hai vaha usa kAraNa se janya kahA jAtA hai - yahA~ aisA nahIM hai ki 'kAraNa meM kisI vyApAra kA Aveza hotA hai taba kAryotpatti hotI hai' - kyoMki pratyeka dharma kAraNatAdi hamAre mata meM nirvyApAra hI hotA hai| asattva kA matalaba hai vastusvabhAva kA vyatireka, ata: aisA koI asat ho nahIM sakatA jisa kA svabhAvApAdAna svarUpa 'karaNa' kiyA jA sake / yadi aisA kaheM ki atizayAdhAna ke liye yogya na hone ke kAraNa asat kA karaNa azakya hai - to isa ke sAmane yaha bhI kahA jA sakegA ki sat padArtha apane pUre svarUpa meM sampanna hone ke kAraNa vaha bhI atizayAdhAna ke liye ayogya hai phira usa kA bhI karaNa kaise hogA ! isI liye 'zakta kA zakyakaraNa' yaha (cauthA) hetu bhI sAdhyadrohI hai, kyoMki sat-kArya pakSa meM vaha saMgata nahIM ho sakatA / tathA, satkAryavAda meM sarvathA niSpanna kArya ke prati kAraNatva bhI ukta rIti se ghaTa nahIM sakatA ata: 'kAraNabhAva' yaha pA~cavA hetu bhI sAdhyadrohI siddha hotA hai /

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364 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam athavA kAryatvA'sambhavasya sataH prAk pratipAditatvAt asatkAryavAda eva copAdAnagrahaNAdiniyamasya yujyamAnatvAt 'upAdAnagrahaNAd' ityAdihetucatuSTayasya sAdhyaviparyayasAdhanAd viruddhatA / atha yadi 'asadevotpadyate' iti bhavatAM matam tat kathaM sadasatorutpAdaH sUtre pratiSiddhaH ? uktaM ca tatra 'anutpannAzca mahAmate sarvadharmAH sadasatoranutpanatvAt" [laMkA0 sU0 pR. 80] iti / na, vastUnAM pUrvAparakoTizUnyakSaNamAtrAvasthAyI svabhAva eva utpAda ucyate bhedAntarapratikSepeNa tanmAtrajijJAsAyAm, na punarvaibhASikaparikalpitA jAtiH saMskRtalakSaNA, pratiSetsyamAnatvAt tasyAH / nApi vaizeSikAdiparikalpitaH sattAsamavAyaH svakAraNasamavAyo vA (tayo)rapi niSetsyamAnatvAt, nityatvAt tayoH paramatena, nityasya ca janmAnupapatteH / uktaM ca, [pra. vA0 2-115] sattA-svakAraNAzleSakaraNAt kAraNaM kil| sA sattA sa ca sambandho nityau kAryamatheha kim // sa evamAtmaka utpAdo nA'satA tAdAtmyena sambadhyate sadasatorvirodhAt -na hi asat sad bhavati / nApi sattA pUrvabhAvinA sambadhyate tasya pUrvamasattvAt / kalpanAbuddhayA tu kevalamasatA vastu sambadhyate / upAdAnagrahaNAdihetucatuSka meM virodhApAdana* upAdAnagrahaNa Adi hetuoM meM sAdhyadroha ke uparAMta viruddhatA doSa bhI avakAzaprApta hai yaha dikhAne ke liye paryAyavAdI kahatA hai - sat padArtha meM kAryatva kA sambhava na hone kA pahale kaha diyA hai, upAdAnagrahaNAdi kA niyama bhI asatkAryavAda meM hI ghaTa sakatA haiM, isa liye phalita hotA hai ki ye upAdAnagrahaNAdi cAra hetu sat ke kAraNa kI siddhi ke badale sat ke karaNa kA abhAva siddha kara rahe haiM, isaliye cAroM hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa haiM / prazna : yadi Apa mAnate haiM ki 'asat hI utpanna hotA hai' taba laMkAvatAra sUtra meM sat-asat ubhaya ke utpAda kA niSedha kyoM kiyA hai ? spaSTa hI usa sUtra meM kahA hai ki - he mahAmati ! ye saba dharma to anutpanna hI hai, kyoMki sat yA asat anutpanna hI hote haiN| uttara : yaha jo niSedha kiyA hai vaha svAbhipreta utpAda kI jijJAsA rahane para usa se atirikta sat-asat ke utpatti prakAra kA abhAva sUcita karane ke liye kiyA hai, svAbhipreta utpatti prakAra aisA hai - pUrvakoTi evaM uttarakoTi se zUnya arthAt sarvathA pUrvottarakoTi sparza zUnya jo kSaNamAtrasthAyi vastusvabhAva hai vahI utpatti hai / vaibhASika bauddhavAdI ne jaise saMskRtasvarUpa jAti (janma) kI kalpanA kara lI hai vaisA 'asat kA utpAda' mAnya nahIM hai, kyoMki usa kA agrimagrantha meM niSedha hone vAlA hai| tathA vaizeSika-naiyAyika ne jo sat kI utpatti mAnI hai - sattA kA samavAya athavA apane kAraNoM meM kArya kA samavAya yahI utpatti - isa kA bhI niSedha abhipreta hai, kyoMki una ke mata meM samavAya to nitya sat hai, nitya kI kabhI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI / pramANavArtika meM kahA hai - sattA kA athavA apane kAraNoM meM kArya kA sambandha joDane ke jariye vaha kAraNa kahA jAtA hai kintu sattA athavA vaha sambandha (samavAyarUpa) to nitya hai vaha kaise kArya (janya) hogA ? utpatti ke pUrva kArya sat-asat kucha nahIM pUrvottarakoTisparzazUnya kSaNamAtrasthAyisvabhAvasvarUpa jo utpAda hai usa kA asat ke sAtha tAdAtmyabhAva nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki sat aura asat kA virodha hotA hai / asat kabhI sat nahIM bana sakatA / tathA, vaisA utpAda pUrvakAlabhAvi sat kA sambandhI kabhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha utpAdya hI pUrvakSaNa meM jaba nahIM thA

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 3 365 na hyasanAma kiMcidasti yad utpattimAvizet 'asadutpadyate' iti tu kalpanAviracitavyavahAramAtram / kalpanAbIjaM tu pratiniyatapadArthAnantaropalabdhasya rUpasyopalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyotpattyavasthAtaH prAganupalabdhiH / tadevamutpatteH prAk kAryasya na sattvaM dharmaH nApyasattvam (ta) syaivAbhAvAt / api ca, payaH prabhRtiSu kAraNeSu dadhyAdikaM kAryamastIti yadyucyate tadA vaktavyam kiM vyaktirUpeNa tat tatra sat atha zaktirUpeNa ? tatra yadi vyaktirUpeNeti pakSaH sa na yuktaH kSIrAdyavasthAyAmapi dadhyAdInAM svarUpeNopalabdhiprasaMgAt / nApi zaktirUpeNa, yatastadrUpaM dadhyAdeH kAryAnu (du)palabdhilakSaNaprAptAt kimanyat, Ahosvid tadeva ? yadi tadeva tadA pUrvamevopalabdhiprasaMgo dadhyAdeH / atha anyaditi pakSastadA kAraNAtmani kAryamastItyabhyupagamastyakto bhavet kAryAd bhinnatanoH zaktayabhidhAnasya padArthAntarasya sadbhAvAbhyupagamAt / tathAhi - yadevAvirbhUtaviziSTarasavIryavipAkAdiguNasamanvitaM padArthasvarUpaM tadeva dadhyAdikaM kAryamucyate, kSIrAvasthAyAM ca tad upalabdhilakSaNaprAptamanupalabhyamAnamasadvyavahAraviSayatvamavatarati, yaccAnyacchaktirUpam tat kAryameva na bhavati / na cAnyasya bhAve'nyat sad bhavati atiprsNgaat| to vaha kaise dUsare kA sambandhI banegA ? hA~ sirpha kalpanAbuddhi se vastu kA asat ke sAtha sambandha banA saka haiM / koI aisA asat hai nahIM jo utpattinagara meM praveza kara sake / 'asat utpanna hotA hai' aisA zAbdika vyavahAra sirpha kalpanA kI nipaja hai / usa kalpanA kA AdhAra yaha hai ki kAraNarUpa se sammata niyata padArtha ke pazcAt upalabdhi ke liye yogya aisA jo tattva upalabdha hotA hai vaha usa kI utpatti ke pUrva upalabdha nahIM hotA thA / sArAMza, laMkAvatArasUtravidhAna ke anusAra pUrvokta rIti se kArya apanI utpatti ke pahale sat nahIM hotA aise asat bhI nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha khuda hI vahA~ maujUda nahIM hotA / zakti-vyakti rUpoM se kAryasadbhAva azakya yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki yadi aisA kahA jAya ki dudha Adi kAraNoM meM dahIM Adi kArya kA astitva hai - to yahA~ prazna hai ki vahA~ kArya kA astitva vyaktirUpa se hai yA zaktirUpa se ? yadi kaheM ki vyaktirUpa se, to vaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki taba dUdha Adi avasthA meM bhI vyaktirUpa dahIM Adi ke upalambha kI Apatti hogI / ' zaktirUpa se' yaha uttara bhI vAjiba nahIM hai, kyoMki prazna hogA - vaha zaktirUpa, upalabdhiyogya dahI Adi kArya se bhinna hai yA abhinna ? yadi abhinna hai taba to zaktirUpa se dahIM kA astitva aura dahIM Adi vyakti eka hone se utpatti ke pUrva meM bhI dahIM Adi vyakti kA upalambha prasakta hogA / yadi kaheM ki bhinna hai, taba to kAraNabhAva meM kArya kA astitva hone kA siddhAnta choDa denA hogA / kyoMki kArya se bhinna zarIra vAle 'zakti' saMjJaka anya padArtha kA astitva hI vahA~ Apane svIkAra liyA, na ki kArya kA / kaise yaha dekhiye, jisa padArtha meM viziSTa koTi ke rasa, vIrya, vipAkazakti, Adi guNoM kA samanvayAtmaka svarUpa pragaTa huA hai vahI dahIM Adi kArya kahe jAte haiM / dudha avasthA meM yadi ve hote haiM to upalabdhiyogya hone ke kAraNa una kA upalambha honA cAhiye, kintu nahIM hotA hai, isa liye dudhaavasthA meM dahIM Adi padArtha 'asat' zabdavyavahAra ke kAbila hai / vaha jo kArya dahI Adi se bhinna zaktirUpa hai vaha kAryarUpa hI nahIM hai, ataH usa ke rahane para bhI kArya kA astitva svIkRta nahIM ho sakatA / caitrAdi eka vyakti ke rahane para kabhI maitrAdi anya vyakti astitva kA svIkAra nahIM ho sakatA / anyathA sarvatra saba ke astitva ke svIkAra kA atiprasaMga sira uThAyegA / yadi kaheM ki 'vaha zakti kArya se bhinna hone para bhI kAryAnukula hai isa liye upacAra se vahA~ kArya kA

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366 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na ca upacArakalpanayA tadvyapadezasadbhAve'pi vastuvyavasthA, zabdasya vastupratibandhAbhAvAt tadbhAve'pi vastusadbhAvA'siddheH / yadapi 'bhedAnAmanvayadarzanAt pradhAnAstitvam' uktam (303-6) tatra hetorasiddhatvam, na hi zabdAdilakSaNaM vyaktaM sukhAdyanvitaM siddham sukhAdInAM jJAnarUpatvAt zabdAdInAM ca tadrUpavikalatvAt na sukhAdyanvitatvam / tathA ca prayogaH, ye jJAnarUpavikalAH na te sukhAdyAtmakAH yathA paropagata AtmA, jJAnarUpavikalAzca zabdAdayaH - iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / atha jJAnamayatvena sukhAdirUpatvasya vyAptiryadi siddhA bhavet tadA tanivarttamAnaM sukhAdimayatvamAdAya nivarteta, na ca sA siddhA puruSasyaiva saMvidrUpatveneSTeriti / asadetat - sukhAdInAM svasaMvedanarUpatayA spaSTamanubhUyamAnatvAt / tathAhi - spaSTeyaM sukhAdInAM prIti-paritApAdirUpeNa zabdAdiviSayasaMnidhAne'saMnidhAne ca prakAzAntaranirapekSA prakAzAtmikA svsNvittiH| yacca prakAzAntaranirapekSaM sAtAdirUpatayA svayaM siddhimavatarati tat 'jJAnam' 'saMvedanam' 'caitanyam' 'sukham' ityAdibhiH paryAyairabhidhIyate / na ca sukhAdInAmanyena saMvedanenAnubhavAdanubhavarUpatA prathate, tatsaMvedanasyA'sAtAdirUpatAprasakteH svayamatadAtmakatvAt / tathAhi - yoginaH anumAnavato vA parakIyaM sukhAdikaM saMvedayato na sAtAdirUpatA anyathA yogyAdayo'pi sAkSAt sukhAdyanubhAvina ivAturAdayaH syuH astitva kyoM nahIM hogA ?' to isa kA uttara yaha hai ki upacAra hone para, kAraNa meM kArya kA vyapadeza hI kevala astitva pAtA hai, na ki vaha kAryarUpa vastu kA sadbhAva / zabda kA vastu ke sAtha koI avinAbhAvarUpa sambandha nahIM hai ki jisa se zabdavyavahAra ke hone para vastu ke sadbhAva kI siddhi ko bhI avakAza mila jAya / bhedAnvayadarzana hetu meM asiddhi-udbhAvana* pahale jo yaha kahA thA - [303-26] 'bhedoM meM anvayadarzana hotA hai| kArya jisa jAti kA hotA hai usI jAtivAle kAraNa se vaha utpanna hotA hai ata: sukha-duHkha mohAdijAtisamanvita vyakta tattva tathAvidha pradhAna se hI utpanna haiM - isa prakAra pradhAna kI siddhi kI gayI thI' - vahA~ hetu meM asiddhi doSa hai / zabdAdi vyakta tattva sukhaAdimaya hone kI bAta siddha nahIM hai / sukhAdi to jJAnamaya yAnI saMvedanamaya hote haiM jaba ki zabdAdi jJAnamayatA se zUnya hote haiM / anumAna prayoga : 'jo jJAnamayatA se zUnya hote haiM ve sukhAdimaya nahIM hote jaise sAMkhyamata meM AtmA / zabdAdi, jJAnamayatA se zUnya haiM, isaliye sukhAdimaya nahIM ho sakate / ' hetu isa prayoga meM vyApakAnupalabdhirUpa hai / sukhAdimayatA vyApya hai aura jJAnamayatA vyApaka hai, vyApaka kI anupalabdhi vyApya-sukhAdimayatA ke abhAva ko siddha karatI hai / sAMkhya : yadi sukhAdimayatA aura jJAnamayatA meM kramaza: vyApya-vyApakabhAva siddha hotA taba to saca hai ki jJAnamayatA nivRtta hotI huyI sukhAdimayatA ko lekara nivRtta hotI / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki puruSa meM hI saMvedanazIlatA mAnya hai na ki sukhAdi meM / paryAyavAdI : yaha kathana galata hai / spaSTa hI anubhava hote hai ki sukhAdi svasaMvedanamaya yAnI svayaM vedi hotI haiM / anukula-pratikula saMvedanamaya hI sukha-dukha haiM yaha kauna nahIM mAnatA ? dekhiye - zabdAdi viSayoM kA saMnidhAna cAhe ho yA na ho, kintu parata:prakAzI na hone ke kAraNa svabhitrajJAna se avedya aise anukula saMvedanAtmaka prIti kA aura pratikula saMvedanAtmaka paritApa kA svayaMprakAzasvarUpa saMvedana sabhI ko hotA hai /

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 367 yogyAdivad vA'nyeSAmapyanugrahopaghAtau na syAtAm avizeSAt / saMvedanasya ca sAtAdirUpatvAbhyupagame saMvidrUpatvaM sukhAdeH siddham / idameva hi sukhaM duHkhaM ca naH yat sAtamasAtaM ca saMvedanam' iti nAnaikAntikatA hetoH / nApyasiddhatA, sarveSAM bAhyArthavAdinAM saMvidrUparahitatvasya zabdAdiSu siddhatvAt / vijJAnavAdimatA. bhyupagamo'nyathA prasajyate, tathA ceSTasiddhireva / viruddhatA'pyasya hetorna sambhavati sapakSe bhAvAt / na ca yathA bahirdezAvasthitanIlAdisaMnidhAnavazAd anIlAdisvarUpamapi saMvedanaM nIlanirbhAsaM saMvedyate tathA bAhyasukhAdyupadhAnasAmarthyAd asAtAdirUpamapi sAtAdirUpaM lakSyate, tena saMvedanasya sAtAdirUpatve'pi na sukhAdInAM saMvidrUpatvaM siddhayati, ato'naikAntikatA hetoriti vaktavyam abhyAsa-prakRtivizeSata ekasminnapi triguNAtmake vastuni prItyAdyAkArapratiniyataguNopalabdhidarzanAt / tathAhi - bhAvanAvazena mayA'GganAdiSu kAmukAdInAm jAtivizeSAcca karabhAdInAM keSAMcit pratiniyatAH prItyAdayaH sambhavanti na sarveSAm, etacca zabdAdInAM sukhAdirUpatvAnna yuktam, sarveSAmabhinnavastuviSayatvAnnIlAdiviSayasaMvittivat pratyekaM citrA saMvit prasajyeta / ___jo bhI anya prakAza se nirapekSa ho kara svayaM sAtA-asAtA rUpa meM anubhavapatha para utara AtA hai vaha jJAna, saMvedana, caitanya aura sukha ityAdi ekArthaka zabdoM se vyavahRta hotA hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki - 'sukhAdi kI anubhUti sukhabhinna saMvedana se hotI hai isI liye una meM anubhavarUpatA kA vyavahAra hotA hai, svayaMvedi hone ke kAraNa anubhavarUpatA kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sukhAdi ko anyAnubhavavedyatva ke AdhAra para anubhavarUpa hone kA mAneMge to ve sirpha jJAnarUpa meM hI vedya hoMge na ki sAtA-asAtArUpa meM bhI, kyoMki Apa ko ve svayaM sAtAnubhavAdirUpa mAnya nahIM hai, jaise zabdAdi anyAnubhavavedya haiM to una kA sAtA-asAtArUpa meM anubhava nahIM hotA / aura bhI dekhiye - yogipuruSa athavA anumitikartA anya logoM ke sukha-du:kha kA saMvedana karate haiM lekina ve sAtA-asAtArUpa meM yogiyoM ko saMvidita nahIM hotA, aisA kyoM ? isaliye ki ve sukha-dukha svabhinna yogi-anubhavavedya hai isaliye / yadi yogI Adi ko anya logoM ke sukha-dukha kA sAkSAt svaprakAzasaMvedana hotA taba to ve bhI bImAra ke du:kha ke saMvedana se svayaM bImAra ho baiTheMge / athavA, anya ke dukha ke svaprakAzasaMvedana karane para bhI yadi ve yogI bImAra na hogeM to dardIyoM ko bhI yogiyoM kI taraha svaprakAzAtmaka dukhAdisaMvedana hone para bhI koI upaghAta-anugraha nahIM ho pAyegA, kyoMki yogI ke aura apane saMvedana meM koI pharka nahIM hai| yadi isa Apatti ko TAlane ke liye bImAra Adi logoM ke saMvedana ko sAtA-asAtAdi rUpa mAna leMge to apane Apa yaha siddha ho jAyegA ki sukhAdi svasaMvedanarUpa haiN| niSkarSa, apanA sukha yA duHkha kyA hai - yahI ki sAtA athavA asAtA svarUpa vedana / ata: hamAre 'jo jJAnamaya nahIM hote ve sukhAdimaya bhI nahIM hote' isa prayoga meM hetu sAdhyadrohI nahIM ThaharatA / sukhAdi meM saMvedanarUpatAsAdhaka hetu kI nirdoSatA* uparAMta, vaha hetu asiddha bhI nahIM hai / kAraNa, bAhyArtha mAnane vAle sabhI vAdIyoM ko zabdAdi meM jJAnamayatA kA abhAva svIkRta hI hai / anyathA, zabdAdi meM jJAnamayatA kA svIkAra karane para vijJAnavAdI ke mata meM anujJA ho jAyegI aura aisA hone para sAMkhyavAdI ke badale vijJAnavAdI kA hI iSTa siddha hogA / hamAre prayoga meM prayukta hetu viruddha bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki sAMkhyamata meM AtmA jJAnAdizUnya hI mAnA gayA hai ata: vahI sapakSa hai, usa

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam I atha yadyapi trayAtmakaM vastu tathApyadRSTAdilakSaNasahakArivazAt kiMcideva kasyacid rUpamAbhAti na sarva sarvasya / asadetat- tadAkArazUnyatvAdavastvAlambanapratItiprasakteH / tathAhi - tryAkAraM tad vastu ekAkArAzca saMvidaH saMvedyante / iti kathaM anAlambanAstA na bhavanti ? prayogaH 'yad yadAkAraM saMvedanaM na bhavati na tat tadviSayam yathA cakSurjJAnaM na zabdaviSayam, tryAtmakavastvAkArazUnyAtha yathoktAH saMvidaH ' iti vyApakAnupalabdhiH / tathApi tadviSayatve'tiprasaMgApattirviparyaye bAdhakaM pramANam / na ca 'yathA pratyakSeNa gRhIte'pi sarvAtmanA vastuni abhyAsAdivazAt kvacideva kSaNikatvAdau nizcayotpattirna sarvatra; tadvad adRSTAdibalAd ekAkArA saMvid udeSyatI' tyabhidhAtuM kSamam, kSaNikAdivikalpasyApi paramArthato vastuviSayatvAnabhyupagamAt, vastuno vikalpA'gocaratvAt, paramparayA vastupratibandhAt tathAvidhatatprAptihetutayA tu tasya prAmANyam / uktaM ca [ pra0 vA0 2-82] liGga liGgidhiyorevaM pAramparyeNa vastuni / pratibandhAt tadAbhAsazUnyayorapyabandhanam // iti / 368 meM hetu rahatA hai taba viruddhatA ko avakAza hI kaise rahegA ? yadi yaha kahA jAya - 'bAhyadeza meM rahe hue nIlAdi jaba jJAna meM saMnihita hote haiM taba svayaM nIlAdisvarUpa na hone para bhI jJAna nIlAvabhAsi ho - nIlamaya ho - aisA pratIta hotA hai / aise hI bAhya sAdhana- suvidhA ke sAmarthya se utpanna sukhAdi ke saMnidhAna meM, svayaM sAtAdirUpa na hone para bhI saMvedana sAtAdimaya hone kA avabhAsa hotA hai, isa prakAra saMvedana meM sAtAdimayatA kA svIkAra karane para bhI sukhAdi meM saMvedanarUpatA kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI / ataH sukhAdi meM sukhAdimayatA kA abhAva na hone para bhI jJAnamayatA ke abhAva ke raha jAne se jJAnamayatattvAbhAvarUpa hetu sAdhyadrohI bana jAtA hai / " to aisA kahanA ayukta hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki eka hI triguNAtmaka vastu bhI prItyAdiAtmaka pratiniyata eka guNa ke rUpa meM upalabdha hotI huyI dikhAI detI hai / aura yaha jJAtA kI apanI apanI Adata aura punaH punaH eka viSaya ke abhyAsa para avalambita hotA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye apanI vAsanA ke prabhAva se kAmI logoM ko zarAba evaM strI ke bAre meM niyatasvarUpa prItiAdi utpanna hote haiM, kAmI logoM ko hote haiM sabhI ko nahIM / aise hI apane svabhAva ke kAraNa U~Ta Adi ko babUla meM ruci - prIti hotI hai, sabhI ko nahIM hotI / yaha tathya zabdAdi ko sukhAdimaya mAnane meM bAdhaka haiM, yadi zabdAdi viSaya svayaM sukhAdimaya hote to sabhI ke liye ve tulyarUpa se sukhAdimaya viSayasvarUpa hone se, samAnarUpa se sabhI ko prIti AdirUpa meM pariNata hote, nIlAdi viSaya sabhI dRSTA ke liye samAnarUpa se nIlAdirUpa hone se nIlAdirUpa se sabhI ko saMvidita hote haiM to aise hI zabdAdi meM sabhI ko sukhamayatA kA saMvedana honA cAhiye - kintu nahIM hotA isaliye zabdAdi meM sukhAdimayatA ghaTa nahIM sakatI / phira bhI yadi una meM sukhAdirUpatA mAneMge to sabhI sukha - duHkha - mohagarbhita citravicitra saMvedana hone kA atiprasaMga hogA, kAmI logoM ko sirpha prIti Adi kA saMvedana hotA hai vaha nahIM ghaTegA / sAMkhyamata kI pratIti meM mithyAtvaprasaMga - sAMkhya:- vastu yadyapi sukha-duHkha-moha trayAtmaka hotI hai, phira bhI apane apane adRSTa AdirUpa sahakAriyoM kI vibhinnatA ke kAraNa kisI eka bhoktA ko kisI eka sukhAdimaya yA duHkhAdimaya Adi rUpa se pratIta ho sakatI hai, itane mAtra se vaha trayAtmaka na hone kA siddha nahIM hotA / paryAyavAdI :- yaha kathana galata hai / kisI eka bhoktA ko kisI eka sukhamayAdirUpa se hone vAlI

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0-3 paraistu paramArthata eva vastuviSayatvamiSTaM prItyAdipratipattInAm, anyathA sukhAtmanAM zabdAdInAmanubhavat sukhAnubhavakhyAtirityetadasaMgataM syAt / sukhAdisaMvidAM ca savikalpakatvAnna kiMcidanizcitaM rUpamastIti sarvAtmanA'nubhavakhyAtiprasaktiH yataH svArthapratipattiH nizcayAnAmiyameva yat tannizcayanaM nAma / yadapi 'prasAda-tApa-dainyAdyupalambhAt sukhAdyanvitatvaM siddhaM zabdAdInAm' (303-7/8) ityabhihitam tadanaikAntikam / tathAhi - yoginAM prakRtivyatiriktaM puruSaM bhAvayatAM tamAlambya prakarSaprAptayogAnAM prasAdaH prAdurbhavati prItizca / aprAptayogAnAM tu drutataramapazyatAmudvegaH Avirbhavati, jaDamatInAM ca prakRtyA - varaNaM prAdurbhavati / na ca paraiH puruSastriguNAtmakobhISTa iti 'prasAda - tApa - dainyAdikAryopalabdheH' ityasya pratIti meM avastuviSayatA kI yAnI mithyAtva kI prasakti hogI, kyoMki vaha vAstavika trayAkAra honI cAhiye kintu nahIM hai / kaise yaha dekhiye, vastu Apake mata meM trayAkAra hai, phira bhI adRSTAdi ke jariye bhoktA ko usakI pra eka sukhAdi- AkAra vAlI hotI hai to vaha nirAlambana kyoM nahIM kahI jAyegI ? yahA~ anumAna prayoga dekhiye- "jo jisa vastu ke samAnAkAra saMvedana rUpa nahIM hotA vaha usa vastu viSayaka nahIM hotA / udA0 cAkSuSajJAna zabdasamAnAkAra nahIM hotA to vaha zabdaviSayaka bhI nahIM hotA / sAMkhya kA batAyA huA saMvedana trayAtmaka vastu kA samAnAkAra nahIM hai ataH vaha trayAtmakavastuviSayaka nahIM hotA / " isa prayoga meM hetu vyApakAnupalabdhi rUpa hai / tadvastuviSayatA tatsamAnAkAratA ko vyApya hai, tatsamAnAkAratArUpa vyApaka kI anupalabdhi se yahA~ tadviSayatA rUpa vyApya ke abhAva kI siddhi abhipreta hai / itanA hone para bhI bhoktA kI pratIti ko Apa yathArtha vastuviSayaka mAneMge to saba pratItiyA~ tad-tad vastuAkAra na hone para bhI tad-tad viSayaka ho baiThegI yaha vipakSabAdhaka tarka hai / bauddhamata meM vikalpa vAstavika pramANa nahIM hai yadi yaha kahA jAya - "paryAyavAdI bauddha ke mata meM nirvikalpa pratyakSa vastu ko usake samasta rUpameM grahaNa karatA hai, phira bhI jJAtA ke apane apane saMskAra ke anurUpa hI kSaNikatva yA sthAyitva kA nizcaya utpanna hotA hai, sabhI ko samastarUpAkAra nizcaya nahIM hotA / isI taraha, vastu trayAtmaka hone para bhI adRSTa ke prabhAva se ekAkAra hI saMvedana kA udaya ho sakatA hai, kyoMki hama kSaNikAdi viSayaka vikalpa ( = nizcaya ) ko bhI pAramArthika vastu viSayaka nahIM mAnate haiM / paryAyavAdI ke mata meM pAramArthikavastu vikalpagocara nahIM mAnI jAtI, phira bhI vikalpa ko isaliye pramANa mAnA jAtA hai ki vaha paramparA se vastu ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai aura pAramArthika vastu kI upalabdhi meM paramparA se nimitta bana jAtA hai / pramANavArttika meM kahA hai- liMgasAmAnya aura liMgisAmAnya ko viSaya karane vAlI buddhi bhI paramparayA vastusambandhi hotI hai isaliye sAkSAtsvarUpAbhAsazUnya hone para bhI bandhana (= vaJcana) rahita yAnI saMvAdinI hotI hai / " (pra.vA. ke zloka meM abandhanam ke badale avaJcanam aisA pATha hai, artha meM kucha pharka nahIM hai) / isaliye paryAyavAda meM kSaNikatvAdinizcaya meM mithyAtva kI Apatti aniSTarUpa nahIM hai / jaba ki sAMkhya mata meM to prItyAdiekAkAra buddhi ko pAramArthikavastu viSayaka mAnA gayA hai isaliye Apa ke mata meM to vaha Apatti Apatti hI haiN| yadi Apa bhI zabdAdipratIti ko nirAlambana mAneMge taba to sukhAdimaya zabdAdi kA anubhava ho jAya to bhI pratIti nirAlambana hone ke kAraNa aisA kahanA asaMgata ThaharegA ki yaha sukhAnubhavakhyAta hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki, hamAre mata meM to vastu kA sarvAtmanA pratyakSa hone para kisI eka aMza kA vikalpa hotA hai, kintu Apake mata meM to sukhAdisaMvedana nirvikalparUpa nahIM hai kintu savikalparUpa hai isaliye usameM 1 369

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370 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam kathaM nAnaikAntikatA ? na ca saMkalpAt prItyAdIni prAdurbhavanti na puruSAditi vAcyam zabdAdiSvapyasya samAnatvAt / saMkalpamAtrabhAvitve ca sukhAdayo bAhyA na syuH, saMkalpasya saMvidrUpatvAt / bAhyaviSayopadhAnamantareNApi puruSadarzane prItyAyutpattidarzanAt 'bAhyasukhAdyupadhAnabalAt sAtAdirUpa(tva)m saMve. danasya' ityapi savyabhicArameva / iSTAniSTavikalpAdanA(vA?)zritabAhyaviSayasaMnidhAnaM prasiddhameva hi sukhAdivedanaM kathaM tat paropadhAnameva yuktam ! na ca manopi triguNaM tadupadhAnavazAt tadAvirbhavatIti vaktavyam 'yadeva hi prakAzAntaranirapekSaM svayaM siddham' (366-10) ityAdinA saMvidrUpatvasya tatra sAdhitatvAt, ataH 'samanvayAt' ityasiddho hetuH / naikAntikazca, pradhAnAkhyena kAraNena hetoH kvacidapyanvayAsiddheH / tathAhi - vyApi nityamekaM triguNAtmakaM kAraNaM sAdhayitumiSTam, na caivaMbhUtena kAraNena hetoH pratibandhaH prasiddhaH / na cAyaM niyamaH - yadAtmakaM kArya kAraNamapi tadAtmakameva, tayorbhedAt / tathAhi - hetumadAdibhidhamaryuktaM vyaktamabhyupagamyate tadviparItaM cAvyaktamiti kathaM na kAryakAraNayorbhedAdanaikAntiko hetuH !! kucha bhI anizcita to hai hI nahIM phira samastapana meM sukhAdianubhava hI honA cAhiye- arthAt trayAkAra hI anubhava honA cAhiye na ki ekAkAra / nizcayAtmaka vikalpoM kI nizcayana kriyA kA matalaba hI yaha hai apane artha ko grahaNa karanA, yadi yahA~ sukhAditrayAtmaka zabdAdi ho to usa kA nizcayAtmaka grahaNa bhI trayAtmakarUpavedI hI honA cAhiye, yadi vaisA nahIM hotA hai to vaha saMvedana mithyA ThaharegA / sukhAdi ke viraha meM bhI prasAdAdi se anaikAntikatA* yaha jo pahale kahA thA [304-23]- 'zabdAditattvoM meM prasAdAdi, tApAdi aura dainyAdi ke upalambha se sukhAdi kA anuSvaMga siddha hotA hai / ' vahA~ bhI anekAnta hai, arthAt prasAdAdi hetu, sukhAdi ke viraha meM bhI raha jAtA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye- 'maiM prakRti se pRthak hU~' isa prakAra bhAvanA kA abhyAsa karane vAle yogiyoM ko, Atma tattva ke Alambana se jaba prakRSTa yoga siddha hotA hai taba, prasAda aura prIti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai / yahA~ yogI puruSa meM prasAda hone para bhI sukha nahIM hotA kyoMki puruSa to sAMkhya mata meM nirguNa yAnI guNatrayazUnya hotA hai / tathA, yoga taka jisa kI pahuMca nahIM huI aise loga, jina ko zIghratara darzana nahIM huA unheM udvega paidA hotA hai, hAlA~ki puruSa meM du:kha nahIM hotA / tathA, svabhAva se hI jaDabuddhivAle logoM ko AvaraNa kA udaya hotA hai kintu AtmA meM sAMkhyamatAnusAra moha nahIM hotA / isa prakAra AtmA meM prasAda, tApa aura dainyAdi rUpa kArya ke upalabdha hone para sukhAdi guNatraya ke na hone se spaSTa hI hetu meM anekAnta pragaTa ho jAtA hai / yadi aisA kaheM ki- 'ina prasAdAdi kA janmasthAna puruSa hai hI nahIM, kintu saMkalpa (yAnI buddhi tattva) hai, aura vahA~ sukhAdi rahate haiM isaliye anekAnta nahIM hai'- to yaha bAta zabdAdi ke liye bhI samAna hai, arthAt zabdAdi ko prasAdAdi kA janmasthAna mAnane kI jarUra nahIM hai, vahA~ bhI saMkalpa ko hI mAnanA / dUsarI bAta, Apa to paMca bhUtAdi meM sukhAdi mAnate haiM isaliye ve bAhya bhI haiM, kintu yadi saMkalpa ko hI sukhAdi kA Azraya mAneMge to sukhAdi ko bAhya nahIM mAna sakeMge, kyoMki saMkalpa to saMvedanasvarUpa hone se AMtarika padArtha hai / yaha jo kahA thA [368-14]- 'bAhya sukhAdi kI upAdhi ke saMnidhAna se sAtArUpa na hone para bhI saMvedana sAtArUpa lakSita hotA hai' - vahA~ bhI anekAnta hai, kyoMki bAhya viSayoM kI upAdhi ke viraha meM bhI jaba puruSasAkSAtkAra

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 371 dharmivizeSaviparItasAdhanAd viruddho'pyayaM hetuH / tathAhi- eko nityastriguNAtmakaH kAraNabhUto dharmI sAdhayitumiSTaH, tadviparItazca aneko'nityazca tataH siddhimAsAdayati / yato vyaktaM naikayA triguNAtmikayA svAtmabhUtayA jAtyA samanvitamupalabhyate, kiM tarhi ? anekatvA'nityatvAdidharmakalApopetameva; ataH kAryasyA'nityatvAnekatvAdidharmAnvayadarzanAtkAramapi tathaivAnumIyatAm krama-yogapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAvirodhAd na nityasya kAraNatvam kAraNabhedakRtatvAcca kAryavaicitryasya, anyathA nirhetukatvaprasaMgAd naikarUpasyApi kAraNatvamiti viparyayasiddhiprasaktena nityaikarUpapradhAnasiddhiH / yadi tu anityA'nekarUpe kAraNe 'pradhAnam' iti saMjJA kriyate tadA'vivAda eva / yadyapi 'sat sat' ityekarUpeNa sa evAyam' iti ca sthireNa svabhAvenAnugatA adhyavasIyante kalpanAjJAnena bhAvAH, tathApi naikajAtyanvayaH svasvabhAvavyavasthitatayA deza-kAla-zakti-pratibhAsAdibhedAt; hotA hai taba prIti (=apUrvaharSa) Adi kA prAdurbhAva dikhAI detA hai / tathA, bAhyaviSayoM ke saMnidhAna kI pratIkSA kiye vinA hI sirpha iSTa yA aniSTa vikalpa se hI sukha-dukhAdirUpa saMvedana pragaTa hotA hai, isa sthiti meM sukhAdisaMvedana ko paropAdhika kaise mAnA jAya ? ____ yadi kaheM ki- 'mana triguNamaya hai, usake saMnidhAna se saMvedana meM sukhAdirUpatA lakSita hotI hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoki mana bhI saMvedanasvarUpa hI hai yaha bAta 'jo prakAzAntara- nirapekSa hotA hai vaha sAtAdirUpAnubhAvAtmaka svayaM siddha hotA hai' [367-13] ityAdisaMdarbha meM siddha kara cuke haiM / sArAMza, pradhAna kI siddhi ke liye prayukta 'samanvaya' hetu asiddha hai / 'pradhAna sAdhaka samanvaya hetu anaikAntika aura viruddha 'samanvaya' hetu anaikAntika (=sAdhyadrohI) bhI hai, kyoMki hetu kI 'pradhAna' saMjJaka kAraNa ke sAtha kahIM bhI anvaya yAnI vyApti siddha nahIM hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - samanvaya hetu ke dvArA Apa cAhate haiM 'vyApaka - nitya -triguNAtmaka - eka kAraNa' kI siddhi / kintu hetuprayoga ke pahale aisA kAraNa sarvathA hetu kA avinAbhAvAtmaka sambandha prasiddha nahIM hai / uparAMta, aisA koI niyama nahIM hai ki 'kArya kA jaisA Atma svarUpa ho kAraNa kA AtmasvarUpa bhI vaisA hI honA cAhiye' / aisA niyama isa liye nahIM hotA ki kArya aura kAraNa ke AtmasvarUpa meM kAphI bhinnatA hotI hai / jaise dekhiye - Apa hI mAnate haiM ki vyakta (yAnI jo kArya hote haiM aise) tattva sahetuka, anitya ityAdi (sAM.kA. 10 ke anusAra) dharmoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, aura avyakta (pradhAna) tattva usase viparita hotA hai / isa prakAra jaba kArya-kAraNa ke AtmasvarUpa meM bhinnatA hai to isakA matalaba kAraNatattva meM kAryasAjAtya nahIM haiM, phira bhI yadi usameM samanvaya hetu rahegA to vaha anaikAntika kyoM nahIM hogA ? balki yaha hetu, vyApakatvAdidharmAdhArabhUta dharmI ko siddha karane ke bajAya kAryasAjAtya ke rUpa meM avyApakatvAdidharmAdhArabhUta dharmivizeSa ko yAnI viparIta sAdhya ko siddha kara rahA hai, isaliye viruddha ThaharatA hai / dekhiye - Apa cAhate haiM eka-nitya-triguNamaya kAraNabhUta dharmI kI siddhi, kintu samanvaya hetu se to kAryasajAtIya yAnI aneka anitya dharmI siddha ho rahA hai kyoMki vyakta tattva kabhI eka triguNAtmaka AtmabhUta jAti samanvita upalabdha nahIM hotA kintu anekatva, anityatvAdi dharmasamUha se viziSTa hI upalabdha hotA hai / jaba kArya meM anityatva-anekatvAdi dharmoM kA anvaya dikAI detA hai to kAraNasvarUpa bhI vaisA hI anumita karanA cAhiye /

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372 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nApi sthairyam kramotpattimatAM tathaiva pratibhAsanAt / 'pratibhAsabhedazca bhAvAn bhinatti' ityasakRd pratipAditam / 'mRdvikArAdivat' iti dRSTAntopi sAdhyasAdhanavikalaH, ekajAtyanvayasya ekakAraNaprabhavatvasya ca tatrApyasiddhatvAt / na caikaM mRtpiNDAdikaM kAraNaM mRdAdijAtizcaikAnugatA tatra siddheti vaktavyam, yato naikovayavI mRtpiNDAdirasti ekadezAvaraNe sarvAvaraNaprasaMgAt, nApyekA jAtiH, prativyaktipratibhAsabhedAd iti pratipAditatvAt pratipAdayiSyamANatvAcca / 'samanvayAt' ityasya hetoH puruSaizvAnaikAntikatvam / tathAhi - cetanatvAdidhamairanvitAH pumAMso'bhISTAH na ca tathAvidhaikakAraNapUrvakAsta iSyante / na ca cetanAdyanvitatvaM puruSANAM gauNam, yataH acetanAdivyAvRttAH sarva eva puruSAH ato'rthAntaravyAvRttirUpA caitanyAdijAtistadananugAminI kalpitA na tu tAttvikI samastIti vaktavyam anyatrApi samAnatvAt / yataH zabdAdiSvapi amukhyaM sukhAdya nitya aura ekAtmaka pradhAna rUpa kAraNa kI siddhi isaliye bhI zakya nahIM hai ki - nitya meM kramaza: athavA eka sAtha artha kriyA karane kI kSamatA hone meM virodha hai isaliye nitya meM kAraNatva hI ghaTatA nahIM / tathA, kAryavaicitrya kabhI ekakAraNamUlaka ho nahIM sakatA kintu kAraNavaividhyamUlaka hI ho sakatA hai / yadi kAraNa vividha nahIM mAneMge to kAryavaicitrya nirhetuka bana jAne kA atiprasaMga hogA isaliye sarvathA ekarUpa tattva meM kAraNatva ghaTa nahIM sakatA / sirpha aneka-anitya tattva meM hI kAraNatva ghaTa sakatA hai / isa prakAra viparIta artha kI siddhi hone para nitya ekasvarUpa pradhAna kI siddhi asaMbhava hai / hA~, yadi anitya evaM anekasaMkhyaka kAraNa kI hI 'pradhAna' aisI saMjJA karake pradhAna kI siddhi mAnI jAya to koI vivAda nahIM hai / ekajAti aura sthairya kA niSedha* yadyapi kalpanAjJAna se tattvoM ke bAre meM yaha sat hai sat hai' aisA ekarUpatA kA adhyavasAya, tathA 'yaha vahI hai' aisA sthirasvabhAva kA adhyavasAya hotA hai, kintu tathApi isase eka jAti samanvaya athavA sthairya kI siddhi sambhava nahIM hai / eka jAti samanvaya isaliye nahIM hai ki bhAvoM ke bAre meM dezabheda, kAlabheda, zaktibheda evaM pratibhAsAdi bheda ke jariye 'apane apane viziSTasvabhAva meM avasthita' bhAvoM meM bhI bheda hotA hai / sthairya isaliye nahIM hai ki bhAvoM kI utpatti kramaza: hotI hai aura aMkurAdi meM kramaza: utpatti kI pratIti bhI hotI hai / 'bhAvoM meM pratibhAsabhedamUlaka bheda hotA hai yaha to kaI daphe kaha diyA hai / pradhAna kI siddhi ke liye jo miTTI ke vikAra (ghaTa) Adi kA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai usameM na to sAdhyavattA hai na hetumattA / kAraNa, miTTIvikAra meM kisI eka jAti kA anvaya(= hetu) nahIM hai ora ekakAraNajanyatva (rUpa sAdhya) bhI nahIM hai, donoM usameM asiddha haiM / yadi kaheM ki- 'ghaTa kA kAraNa eka miTTipiNDa hai aura ghaTa meM eka mRttva jAti bhI hai jo mRtpiNDa meM rahatI hai, to phira sAdhya-sAdhana kA udAharaNa meM abhAva kaise ?'to uttara yaha hai ki vaha miTTIpiNDa koI eka avayavI nahIM hai, yadi vaha eka hogA to usake eka bhAga meM AvaraNa laga jAne para pUre miTTIpiNDa ko AvaraNa laga jAne kI Apatti hogI / tathA eka jAti bhI nahIM hai kyoMki Apa eka jAti kI siddhi samAnapratibhAsa se kareMge, kintu miTTI piNDa kA aura ghaTa kA pratibhAsa samAna nahIM kintu alaga alaga hotA hai - yaha bAta pahale ho cukI hai aura agrima grantha meM bhI kI jaayegii|

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 373 nvitatvamasatyapyekakAraNapUrvakatve puruSeSviva bhaviSyatIti kathaM nAnaikAntikatvaM hetoH / mUlaprakRtyavasthAyAM ca sattvarajastamolakSaNA guNAH guNatvA'cetanA'bhoktRtvAdibhiranvitAH pradhAnapuruSAzca nityatvAdi(bhi)ranvitAstathAbhUtaikakAraNapUrvakAca na bhavantItyanaikAntikatvameva / tadevaM 'samanvayAt' ityasya hetorasiddha -viruddhAnaikAntikadoSaduSTatvAna pradhAnasAdhakatvam / anenaiva nyAyena 'parimANAt zaktitaH pravRtteH kAryakAraNabhAvAt vaizvarUpyasyAvibhAgAt' ityAdikAnAmapi na pradhAnAstitvasAdhakatvam / tathAhi - sAdhyaviparyaye ca bAdhakapramANA'pradarzanAt sarvepyete'naikAntikAH / na hi pradhAnAkhyasya hetorabhAvena parimANAdInAM virodhaH siddhaH / tathAhi- yadi tAvat kAraNamAtrasyAstitvamatra sAdhyate tadA siddhasAdhyatA / na hyasmAkaM kAraNamantareNa kAryasyotpAdobhISTaH, na ca kAraNamAtrasya 'pradhAnam' iti nAmakaraNe kiMcid bAdhyate / atha prekSAvat kAraNamasti yad vyaktaM niyataparimANamutpAdayati zaktitazca Atmasthala meM samanvayahetu sAdhyadrohI* AtmA ko lekara bhI 'samanvaya' hetu meM anaikAntikatA ho sakatI hai / kaise yaha dekhiye- puruSoM meM cetanatvAdidharmoM kA anvaya prasiddha hai phira bhI nitya hone ke kAraNa unameM sajAtIya ekakAraNapUrvakatva mAnya nahIM hai, isa prakAra puruSoM meM sAdhya ke na hone para bhI, samanvaya hetu vahA~ raha jAne se sAdhyadrohI ho gayA / yadi aisA kahA jAyapuruSoM meM caitanyAdi dharmoM kA anvaya aupacArika hai, vAstavika nahIM hai / saba puruSa acetanAdi se vyAvRtta haiM, isaliye arthAntara (=acetanAdi) kI vyAvRtti yahA~ aupacArikarUpa se caitanyAdi jAti rUpa mAna lI gayI hai / tAttvika koI caitanyAdi jAti svIkRta nahIM hai / - to yaha bAta pratipakSa meM bhI tulya hai, kyoMki zabdAdi meM bhI aupacArikarUpa se, puruSoM kI taraha ekakAraNapUrvakatva ke na hone para bhI, asukhAdivyAvRttisvarUpa sukhAdidharmoM kA anvaya ho sakatA hai / ata: sAdhya ke viraha meM bhI zabdAdi meM samanvaya hetu ke raha jAne se sAdhyadroha spaSTa hai| taduparAMta, mUlaprakRtiavasthA meM, sattva-rajasa-tamas ye saba guNa guNatva-acaitanya-abhoktRtvAdi dharmoM se avita rahate haiM kintu una meM eka kAraNapUrvakatva nahIM hai kyoMki ve to prakRti se abhinna haiM aura prakRti nitya hai - ajanya mUlatattva hai / evaM, puruSa aura pradhAna meM nityatvAdi kaI dharmoM kA samanvaya hai kintu una meM bhI ekakAraNapUrvakatva nahIM hai / ata: ina donoM sthaloM meM sAdhya ke na rahane para bhI hetu raha jAne se, 'samanvaya' hetu meM anaikAntikatA hogii| niSkarSa, samanvaya hetu - asiddhi, viruddhatA, anaikAntikatA doSoM se duSTa hone ke kAraNa, pradhAnatattva ko siddha karane meM sakSama nahIM hai / isI prakAra kI yuktiyA~, yaha bhI siddha kara sakatI haiM ki parimANa, zaktita: pravRtti, kAryakAraNabhAva aura vaizvarUpya kA avibhAga ityAdi sAMkhyakArikA(15) meM kahe hue hetu bhI pradhAna kI hastI ko siddha karane ke liye asamartha haiN| * parimANAdi cAra hetu pradhAnasiddhi meM akSama kaise, yaha dekhiye- pariNAma Adi hetu prayogoM meM, vipakSa bAdhaka tarka bhI dikhAnA cAhiye lekina vaha nahIM dikhAyA hai, taba vipakSa kI yAnI sAdhyabhAva bhI zaMkA banI rahegI, phalata: hetu saba saMdigdhAnakAntika bana

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374 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam pravartata iti sAdhyate - tadAnakAntikatA, vinApi hi prekSAvatA vidhAtrA svahetusAmarthyAt pratiniyataparimANAdiyuktasyotpattyavirodhAt / na ca pradhAnaM prekSAvat kAraNaM yuktam, acetanatvAt tasya, prekSAyAca cetanAparyAyatvAt / api ca, 'zaktitaH pravRtteH' ityanena kimavyatiriktazaktimat kAraNaM sAdhyate Ahosvid vyatiriktAnekazaktisambandhi tadekatvAdidharmakalApAdhyAsitam ? iti kalpanAdvayam / tatra yadyAdyA kalpanA tadA siddhasAdhanaM kAraNamAtrasya tataH siddhayabhyupagamAt / dvitIyAyAM hetoranaikAntikatA, tathAbhUtena kacidapyanvayA'siddheH / hetuzcAsiddhaH yato na vibhinnazaktiyogAt kasyacit kvacit kArye kAraNasya pravRttiH siddhA, svAtmabhUtatvAcchaktInAm / niranvayavinAzAvaSTabdhatvAt sarvabhAvAnAM kvacidapi layA'siddheH 'avibhAgAd vaizvarUpyasya' ityayamapi heturasiddhaH / layo hi bhavan pUrvasvabhAvApagame vA bhaved anapagame vA ? yadyAyaH pakSaH tadA niranvayavinAzaprasaMgaH / atha dvitIyaH tadA layAnupapattiH, yato nAvikalaM svarUpaM bibhrataH kasyacillayo nAma, atiprasaMgAt / ativiruddhamidaM parasparataH 'avibhAgaH' 'vaizvarUpyaM ca iti viruddhA vA ete hetavaH pradhAnahetvabhAva (eva) svakAraNazaktibhedataH kAryasya parimANAdirUpeNa vaicitryasya kAryakAraNabhAvAdInAM jAyeMge / zaMkA banI rahane kA mUla yaha hai ki pradhAnAtmaka kAraNa ke abhAva ke sAtha parimANa Adi hetuoM kA virodha prasiddha nahIM hai / yadi parimANAdi hetukalApa se sirpha kAraNamAtra ke astitva ko siddha karanA hai to vaha to aise bhI siddha hai isaliye siddhasAdhyatA doSa hogA / hama bhI nahIM cAhate ki vinA kAraNa hI kArya kA udbhava ho jAya / ata: siddha hone vAle kAraNamAtra ko 'pradhAna' saMjJA dekara yadi Apa pradhAna ko prasiddha karanA cAhate haiM to kucha bhI bAdha nahIM hai / yadi kAraNamAtra nahIM kintu buddhimat kAraNa siddha karanA abhipreta hai jisa se ki niyata parimANavAle vyakta kA udbhava ho, tathA apanI zakti ke anusAra niyata kArya ko utpanna kare, to hetuoM meM puna: anaikAntikatA doSa hogA / kAraNa, buddhimat vidhAtA ke na hone para bhI apane apane hetuoM kI zakti ke anurUpa niyataparimANAdisamanvita bhAvoM kI utpatti hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai / tathA, jisa pradhAna kI Apa siddhi karanA cAhate haiM usako buddhimatkAraNarUpa Apa nahIM mAnate, kyoMki vaha to acetana hai, jaba ki buddhi to caitanya kA paryAya hai / taduparAMta, 'zaktianurUpa pravRtti' isa hetu se bhI Apa ko kisa prakAra ke kAraNa kI siddhi karanA hai - kyA apane se abhinna zakti ko dhAraNa karane vAle kAraNa kI ! yA apane se bhinna aneka zaktiyoM se sambaddha, tathA ekatva-nityatvAdidharmakalApa viziSTa aise kAraNa kI ? ye do vikalpa haiM / prathama vikalpa meM siddhasAdhyatA hI hai, kyoMki abhinnazaktizAli kAraNamAtra kA astitva hameM bhI svIkArya hai / yadi dUsare vikalpa ke mutAbika kAraNasiddhi abhipreta ho, to hetu meM anaikAntikatA doSa hogA, kyoMki bhinna bhinna vicitrazaktivAlA ekatvAdidharmaviziSTa tattva, hetuprayoga ke pahale siddha na hone se, hetu ke sAtha usakI vyApti bhI siddha nahIM hai, ata: vyAptizUnya hetu sAdhya ke viraha meM bhI ho sakatA hai| kahIM bhI aisA dekhane ko nahIM milegA ki bhinna zakti ke bharose para koI kAraNa kisI kArya ko nipajA sake / zakti to vastu kI AtmA yAnI abhinna hotI hai / vaizvarUpya kA avibhAga- hetu meM asiddhi doSa pradhAna kI siddhi ke liye, vaizvarUpya kA avibhAga yAnI kAraNa meM kArya kA laya - yaha hetu dikhAyA

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 375 copapadyamAnatvAt / tathAhi - pradhAnaM yadi vyaktasya kAraNaM bhavet tadA sarvameva vizvaM tatsvarUpavat tadAtmakatvAdekameva dravyaM syAt, tatazca 'buddhirekA eko'haMkAraH paJca tanmAtrANi' ityAdikaH parimANavibhAgo'saMgataH syAditi niSparimANameva jagat syAt / / tathA pradhAnahetvabhAve eva prAktananyAyena 'abhede na zakti na kriyA' (352-5) ityAdinA ghaTAdikaraNe kumbhakArAdInAM zaktitaH pravRttirupapadyate, kAryakAraNavibhAgo'pi pradhAnahetvabhAve eva yukto na tu tatsadbhAve iti prAk pratipAditam / pradhAnasadbhAve vaizvarUpyamanupapattikameva, sarvasya jagataH tanmayatvena tatsvarUpavadekatvaprasaktestadavibhAgo dUrotsArita eveti na kutazciddhetoH pradhAnasiddhiH / __ yadapi pradhAnavikArabuddhivyatiriktaM caitanyamAtmano rUpaM kalpayanti 'caitanyaM puruSasya svarUpam [] ityAgamAt, puruSazca zubhAzubhakarmaphalasya pradhAnopanItasya bhoktA na tu kartA, sakalajagatpariNatirUpAyAH prakRtereva kartRtvAbhyupagamAt; pramANayanti cAtra - 'yat saMghAtarUpaM vastu tat parArthaM dRSTam yathA zayanAsanAyagAdi , saMghAtarUpAzca cakSurAdayaH' iti svabhAvahetuH / yacAsau paraH sa Atmeti sAmarthyAt siddham / gayA thA vaha asiddha hai, kyoMki hara koI bhAva niranvaya yAnI niSkAraNa vinAza se kalaMkita hai, ata: kArya kA kisI bhI kAraNAdi meM laya hone kI bAta tathyahIna hai / laya ke mantavya para do vikalpa haiM - laya hogA to apane pUrva (pragaTAvasthArUpa) svabhAva ke cale jAne para hogA yA rahate hue ? yadi prathama vikalpa mAnanA hai taba to niranvaya vinAza kA jayajayakAra ho gayA, kyoMki pratipala isa prakAra apane Apa pUrvapUrvakSaNa ke svabhAva kA vigama jArI rahatA hai, ora svabhAvanAza hI vastunAza hai / yadi dUsare vikalpa kA svIkAra kareMge to laya kI bAta hI nahIM ghaTegI, kyoMki pUrvakSaNa kA svabhAva yadi laya hote samaya meM bhI pUrvavat jArI rahegA to laya kisakA hogA ? yadi pUrvasvabhAva ke rahate huye bhI laya hone kA mAneMge taba to vAstavika layakSaNa ke pUrva pUrva kAla meM bhI laya hone kA atiprasaMga AyegA / phalata: yaha paraspara atyanta viruddha bAta ho jAyegI ki eka ora vaizvarUpya yAnI kAryoM kA vaividhya hai lekina dUsarI ora una kA avibhAga yAnI laya hai ! jaba laya ho rahA hai taba kAryavaividhya kaise ? aura jaba taka kAryavaividhya maujUda hai taba taka laya kaise ? ___athavA ye pradhAnasAdhaka sabhI hetu viruddhadoSa grasta haiM, kyoMki pradhAnAtmaka nitya ekarUpa hetu ke na hone para hI apane apane kAraNoM kI bhinna bhinna zakti ke jariye parimANAdirUpa se kArya meM vaicitrya ghaTa sakatA hai; aura kArya-kAraNabhAva Adi ghaTa sakate haiM / kaise yaha dekhiye- nitya ekarUpa pradhAna hI yadi samuce vyakta tattvoM kA kAraNa banegA taba to, pradhAna kA svarUpa jaise pradhAnAtmaka hone se ekarUpa hotA hai, vaise hI sArA vizva bhI pradhAnAtmaka hone se eka-dravyarUpa bana baiThegA, phira yaha jo parimANavibhAga hai ki- buddhi eka, ahaMkAra eka, pA~ca tanmAtrAe~, pA~ca mahAbhUta... ityAdi, vaha kaise ghaTegA ? phalata: jagat parimANazUnya ho jAyegA / tathA, ghaTa Adi ke utpAdana meM niyatarUpa se kumhAra Adi apanI zakti ke anurUpa pravRtti karate haiM yaha tathya bhI nitya ekarUpa pradhAna ke na hone para hI saMgata ho sakatA hai| isa meM agara yukti cAhiye to vaha 'abhedavAda meM na to zakti ghaTa sakatI hai, na utpAdana kriyA ghaTa sakatI hai'... aisA kahate hue pahale dikhAyI gayI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki abheda pakSa ke satkAryavAda meM koI jaba sAdhya hI nahIM hai to kisa kI utpAdaka . dra0 yogadarzana sAmA0pA0 sU 9 bhA0 pR. 31 paM07 madhye / -. 'zayanAsanAbhyaGgAdivat' - iti sAM0 ta0 kaumudyAm /

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam atra ca 'caitanyaM puruSasya svarUpam' ityAdi vadatA 'caitanyaM nityaikarUpamiti pratijJAtam tasya nityaikarUpAt puruSAdavyatiriktatvAt / adhyakSaviruddhaM cedam rUpAdisaMvidAM sphuTaM svasaMvittyA bhinnasvarUpAvagamAt / ekarUpatve tvAtmano'nekavidhArthasya bhoktRtvAbhyupagamo viruddha Asajyeta abhoktravasthAvyatiriktatvAt bhoktravasthAyAH / na ca didRkSAdiyogAdavirodhaH, didRkSA-zuzrUSAdInAM parasparato'bhinnAnAmutpAdairAtmano'pyutpAdaprasaMgaH, tAsAM tadavyatirekAt, vyatireke ca 'tasya tAH' iti sambandhAnupapattiH, upakArasya tanibandhanasyAbhAvAt; bhAve vA tatrApi bhedAbhedavikalpAbhyAmanavasthA-tadutpattiprasaMgato didRkSAdyabhAvAna bhoktRtvam / prayogaH - 'yasya yadbhAvavyavasthAnibandhanaM nAsti nAsau prekSAvatA tadbhAvena vyavasthApyaH yathA AkAzaM mUrttatvena / nAsti ca bhoktRtvavyavasthAnibandhanaM puruSasya didRkSAdi' - iti kAraNAnupalabdhiH / zakti aura kisa kI utpAdana kriyA hogI ? vaha tabhI ghaTa sakatI hai jaba nitya eka rUpa kAraNa ke badale anitya aneka kAraNoM ko mAna liyA jAya / isI taraha pahale yaha bhI batA diyA hai ki kArya-kAraNabhAva bhI nitya eka rUpa pradhAna ke na hone para hI ghaTa sakatA hai / nitya padArtha meM kramaza: athavA eka sAtha arthakriyAkAritva ghaTa nahIM sakatA, evaM eka hI pradhAna ke hone para abheda vAda meM kauna kAraNa aura kauna kArya hogA ? nitya eka rUpa pradhAna kI hastI mAne to jagat meM vaividhya bhI nahIM ghaTegA, kyoMki jaise pradhAna kA svarUpa pradhAnamaya hone se ekarUpa hI hotA hai vaise hI abhedavAda meM samucA jagat bhI pradhAnamaya hone se ekarUpa bana baiThegA / phira to 'kArya' jaisA kucha rahA hI nahIM, taba avibhAga yAnI laya kI to kathA hI kaise baca pAyegI ? niSkarSa, kisI bhI hetu ke dvArA pradhAna kI siddhi kI AzA rakhanA vyartha hai / *nitya caitanyavAda meM pratyakSavirodha* sAMkhyavAdiyoM kI yaha kalpanA hai - "AtmA kA svarUpa 'caitanya' hai aura vaha pradhAna ke vikAra svarUpa baddhi se sarvathA alaga hI cIja hai| Agama meM kahA hai ki 'caitanya puruSa kA svarUpa hai / vaha pradhAna ke dvArA upasthApita zubhAzubhakarmaphala kA bhoktA avazya hai kintu kartA nahIM hai / sAre jagat ke pariNAmoM kI kartA-hartA prakRti hI hai / Atmasiddhi meM yaha pramANa hai - jo cIja saMghAtarUpa (yAnI guNasamudAya rUpa) hai vaha anya ke liye hotI hai, jaise zayyA, Asana, zarIrAdi / netrAdi indriya bhI saMghAtarUpa hai isa liye anyArthaka honI cAhiye / vaha jo anya hai vahI AtmA hai, aura to koI ho nahIM sakatA, isaliye yaha arthata: siddha hotA hai| [sAMkhyamata meM sattva-rajas-tamas tIna guNoM ke samudAyarUpa jo pradhAnAdi cauvIsa jaDa tattva haiM una ko saMghAta kahA gayA hai / ]" sAMkhyavAdiyoM kI isa kalpanA ko dikhAne vAle vidvAn ne 'caitanya puruSa kA svarUpa hai' yaha kahate huye isa bAta kA nirvivAda svIkAra kara liyA hai ki caitanya nitya evaM sadA ke liye eka rUpa hai, kyoMki sarvathA nitya eka rUpa AtmA se vaha apRthaga - abhitra hai / sAMkhyo kI isa mAnyatA meM pratyakSa hI virodha hai, kyoMki AtmA ke saMvedana se sarvathA bhinna rUpa meM hI rUpAdisaMvedanoM kA anubhava hotA hai / tathA AtmA yadi sadA ke liye ekarUpa rahatA hai to usa ke sAtha vividhaarthabhoga kA virodha prasakta hogA, kyoMki bhoktRtva-avasthA abhoktRtva-avasthA se alaga hotI hai / yadi kaheM ki - 'AtmA to sadA ekarUpa hai kintu didRkSA Adi ke yoga se usa meM bhoktRtva kA upacAra hotA hai' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki didRkSA athavA zuzrUSA aura

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH-kA0-3 na cAyamasiddho heturiti pratipAditam / kartRtvAbhAvAt bhoktRtvamapi tasya na yuktam / na hyakRtasya karmaNaH phalaM kazcidupabhuMkte akRtAbhyAgamaprasaMgAt / na ca puruSasya karmA'kartRtvepi prakRtirasyAbhilaSitamarthamupanayatItyasau bhoktA bhavati, yato nAsAvaSyacetanA satI zubhAzubhakarmaNAM kI yuktA yenAsau karmaphalaM puruSasya sampAdayet / __ atha yathA paGgvandhayoH parasparasambandhAt pravRttistathA mahadAdi liMgaM cetanapuruSasambandhAccetanAvadiva dharmAdiSu kAryeSvadhyavasAyaM karotItyadoSa evAyam / uktaM ca, [sAMkhya kA0 21] puruSasya darzanArthaM kaivalyArtha tathA pradhAnasya / paGgbandhavadubhayorabhisaMyogAt tatkRtaH sargaH // asadetat yato yadi prakRtirakRtasyApi karmaNaH phalamabhilaSitamupanayati tadA sarvadA sarvasya puMAtmA, paraspara abhinna hone para didRkSA Adi ke utpAda ke sAtha AtmA kA bhI utpAda hogA, kyoMki didRkSAdi AtmA se alaga nahIM hai / yadi ve paraspara bhinna haiM, taba to 'AtmA ke didRkSAdi' aisA sambandha hI jamegA nahIM, kyoMki sambandha upakAramUlaka hotA hai jo yahA~ hai nahIM / yadi upakAra hai to vaha apane sambandhi se bhitra hai yA abhinna- ina vikalpoM kA sAmanA karanA hogA / bhinna hogA to puna: sambandha ko ghaTAne ke liye naye bhinna upakAra kI kalpanA karo, usa ke sambandha ke liye bhI nUtana upakAra kI kalpanA- aisI anavasthA clegii| yadi abhinna hogA to usa kI utpatti ke sAtha AtmA kI bhI utpatti prasakta hogI / phalata: didRkSAdi kA sadbhAva hI siddha na hone se AtmA meM bhoktApana nahIM ghaTa skegaa| * kartRtva ke vinA bhoktRtva kA asambhava yahA~ aisA anumAnaprayoga kara sakate haiM - 'yaha usa kA hai' aisI sthApanA karane ke liye Avazyaka nimitta jisa vastu meM nahIM hai, buddhimAnoM ke dvArA usa vastu ke liye vaisI sthApanA nahIM ho sakatI, jaise AkAza meM mUrttatva kI 'AkAza kA mUrtatva' aisI sthApanA karane ke liye koI didRkSAdi Avazyaka nimitta nahIM hai, isa liye 'puruSa kA bhoktRtva' aisI sthApanA nahIM ho sakatI / yahA~ kAraNAnupalabdhi hetusvarUpa hai / kAraNa yAnI nimitta ke na hone se kArya kA abhAva siddha kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ prayoga meM hetu jo didRkSAdi nimitta kA abhAva hai vaha kaise hai yaha to abhI hI batAyA jA cukA hai, isa liye hetu asiddha nahIM hai / AtmA meM kartRtva na mAnane vAle ke mata meM bhoktRtva bhI ghaTa nahIM sakatA / jisane koI karma nahIM kiyA vaha kabhI phalopabhoga nahIM karatA, anyathA akRtAbhyAgama kA doSa hogA / akRta yAnI jo anutpAdita athavA anutpanna hai usa kA abhyAgama yAnI yakAyaka astitva dhAraNa kara lenA - yaha doSarUpa hai| yadi aisA kaheM ki - "patnI apane pati kI icchApUrti ke liye vAMchita artha jalAdi, binA kahe sAmane lAkara rakha detI hai, vaise hI puruSa karma kA kartA na hone para bhI usa ke vAMchita artha ko prakRti usa ke sAmane dhara detI hai - taba vaha usa kA upabhoga karatA hai" - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jaDa hone se prakRti bhI zubha-azubha karmoM kI kArikA bana nahIM sakatI jisa se ki vaha puruSa ke liye karmaphala kA sampAdana karane laga jAya / andha-paMgunyAya se pravRtti karma ke vinA aghaTita sAMkhya : yadyapi prakRti aura usa ke liMgabhUta mahadAdi vikAra saba jaDa hai, kintu paMgu aura andha kI taraha paraspara mila kara pravRtti karate haiM / cetana AtmA ke saMsarga se mahadAdi bhI aupAdhika caitanya prApta kara ke dharmAdi kAryoM meM adhyavasAya karane laga jAte haiM - ata: jaDa hone para bhI koI doSa nahIM hai / sAMkhyakArikA

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378 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam so'bhilaSitArthasiddhiH kimiti na syAt ? na ca tatkAraNasya dharmasyAbhAvAnAsAviti vaktavyam, yato dharmasyApi prakRtikAryatayA tadavyatirekAt tadvat sadaiva bhAva iti sarvadA sarvasyAbhilaSitaphalaprAptiprasaktiH / api ca, yadi abhilaSitaM phalaM prakRtirupanayati tadA nAniSTaM prayacchet, na hi kazcidaniSTamabhilapati / kiMca, apanayatu nAma prakRtiH phalam tathApi bhoktRtvaM puMso'yuktam avikAritvAt / na hi sukha-duHkhAdinA AhAdaparitApAdirUpaM vikAramupanIyamAnasya bhoktRtvamasyAkAzavat saMgatam / na ca prakRtirasyopakAriNI avikRtAtmanyupakArasya kartumazakyatvAt / vikAritve vA nityatvahAniprasaktiH atAdavasthyasyA'nityatvalakSaNatvAt tasyApi vikAriNyavazyaMbhAvitvAt / atha na vikArApattyA Atmano bhomeM kahA hai - "mahadAdi ke darzana ke liye puruSa ko pradhAna ke sAtha saMyoga apekSita hai, aura kaivalya (mokSa) prApti ke liye prakRti kA puruSa ke sAtha saMyoga apekSita hai, isa prakAra paMgu-andha nyAya se donoM kA saMyoga hotA hai aura saMyoga se sRSTi hotI hai / " [puruSa meM darzanazakti hai kintu kriyAzakti nahIM hai, prakRti meM kriyAzakti hai kintu darzanazakti nahIM hai, ata: paMgu-andha kI taraha donoM milate haiM taba bhoga evaM mukti hotI hai] ____paryAyavAdI : yaha saba galata hai / karma kiye vinA hI yadi puruSa ke vAMchita phala kA prakRti sampAdana karatI hai taba to hara kisI puruSa kI sadA ke liye vAMchita phala siddhi kyoM nahIM hotI rahegI ? yadi kaheM ki - 'vAMchitaphala ke kAraNabhUta dharma ke abhAva meM vaisA ho nahIM sakatA' - to yaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dharma bhI Akhira prakRti kA hI kArya hone se prakRti se abhinna hai ata: prakRti kI taraha usa kA bhI sadA astitva hai hI ataH sabhI puruSoM ko sadA-sarvadA vAMchita phala kI prApti hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM rhegaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki prakRti yadi vAMchita phala kA hI sampAdana karatI rahegI to puruSa ko kabhI aniSTa kA ApAdana hogA hI nahIM, kyoMki kisI bhI puruSa kA apanA vAMchita sadA iSTaviSayaka hI hotA hai, aniSTa viSayaka kabhI nahIM hotaa| pratibimbanyAya se bhoktRtva AtmA meM asaMgata sAMkhyasiddhAnta ke anusAra kadAcit prakRti dvArA phalasaMpAdana kArya ko mAnya rakhA jAya to bhI puruSa meM bhoktApana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki puruSa avikArI hai / sukha-duHkhAdi ke dvArA jisa meM AhvAda yA paritApa rUpa koI vikAra hI nahIM nipajAyA jA sakatA usameM bhoktRtva, nirvikAra AkAza kI taraha yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / tathA prakRti AtmA kI upakAraka bhI nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki AtmA nirvikAra hone se usake Upara upakAra karanA sambhava nahIM hai / upakAra mAneMge to AtmA meM vikAritA prApta hone se usake nityatva kA bhaMga ho jaayegaa| 'tadavastha na rahanA' yahI anityatva kA lakSaNa hai, upakAra ke jariye AtmA meM vikAritA prApta hone para vaha avazyameva tadavastha nahIM raha pAyegA / yadi kaheM ki - "AtmA meM vikAra-prApti svIkAra kara hama bhoktApana nahIM dikhAte - to kaise ! suniye - buddhi se adhyavasita yAnI sampAdita artha kA zuddha sphaTikavat nirmala AtmA meM pratibimbodaya ke nyAya se

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 3 379 "buddhidarpatRtvamiSTam, kiM tarhi ? buddhyadhyavasitasyArthasya pratibimbodayanyAyena saMcetanAt / tathAhi NasaMkrAntamarthapratibimbakaM dvitIyadarpaNakalpe puMsyadhyArohati, tadeva bhoktRtvamasya na tu vikArApattiH / na ca puruSaH pratibimbamAtra saMkrAntAvapi svarUpapracyutimAn darpaNavadavicalitasvarUpatvAt / asadetat yato buddhidarpaNArUDhamarthapratibimbakaM dvitIyadarpaNakalpe puMsi saMkrAmat tato vyatiriktamavyatiriktaM vA ? iti vAcyam / yadi avyatiriktamiti pakSastadA tadevodayavyayayogitvaM puMsaH prasajyeta udayAdiyogipratibimbAvyatirekAt tatsvarUpavat / atha vyatiriktamityabhyupagamaH tadA na bhoktRtA, nabhoktRvasthAtastasya kasyacid vizeSasyAbhAvAt / na cArthapratibimbasambandhAt tasya bhoktRtvaM yuktam anupakAryopakArakayoH sambandhAsiddheH upakArakalpanAyA api bhedAbhedavikalpato'nupapatteH / Jain Educationa International - api ca, puruSasya didRkSA pradhAnaM yadi jAnIyAt tadA puruSArthaM prati pravRttiryuktA syAt, na caivam tasya jaDarUpatvAt / satyapi cetanAvatsambandhe na paGgavandhadRSTAntAdatrapravRttiryuktimatI; yato'ndho jo saMcetanA udita hogI, vahI usakA bhoktRtva hogA / dekhiye- artha kA pratibimba pahale buddhirUpa darpaNa meM saMkrAnta hotA hai, vahI pratibimba dUsare darpaNa ke tulya AtmA meM punaH pratiphalita hotA hai, vahI usakA bhoktApana hai, yahA~ vikAra kI bAta hI nahIM hai / sirpha pratibimba kA pratiphalana hone para puruSa ke svarUpa meM koI parivarttana lezamAtra nahIM hotA, jaise darpaNa meM pratibimbodaya hone para bhI darpaNa kA svarUpa avicala rahatA hai vaise AtmA kA bhI hai / " - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yahA~ ye vikalpa haiM - buddhirUpI darpaNa meM udita pratibimba kA pratibimba jo dUsare darpaNarUpa AtmA meM pratyAvarttita hotA hai vaha pratibimba AtmA se bhinna hotA hai yA abhinna ? yadi abhinna hotA hai taba to udaya asta hone vAle pratibimba kI taraha usase abhinna puruSa meM bhI udaya-asta kA yoga prApta hogA, jaise pratibimba se abhinna hone ke nAte pratibimba ke svarUpa kA udaya asta hotA hai / yadi vaha pratibimba AtmA se bhinna hai, taba to usa se abhoktR avasthA meM tilamAtra bhI parivartana na hone se AtmA meM bhoktRtva saMgata na hogA / bhinna hone para bhI arthapratibimba kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha mAnakara bhoktRtva kI saMgati kI AzA nahIM kI jA sakatI, kyoMki upakAra ke vinA sambandha nahIM banatA / prastuta meM pratibimba kitanA bhI upakArapaTu ho lekina AtmA avikArI hone se upakArya bana nahIM sakatA, ataH upakAra ke vinA sambandha asambhava hai / tathA upakAra bhI mAna le, phira bhI usake liye bhedAbheda vikalpa hogA to eka bhI saMgata nahIM hogA / sArAMza, AtmA meM bhoktRtva yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / andha- paMgunyAya se pradhAnapravRtti asaMbhava yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki pradhAna ko puruSa kI dikSA kA jJAna ho tabhI puruSa artha sampAdana liye usakI pravRtti ho sakatI hai, kintu prakRti jaDa hone ke nAte didRkSA kA jJAna vaha nahIM kara sakatI / cAhe caitanyavAn puruSa ke sAtha usakA sambandha bhI ho jAya, phira bhI andha- paMgu nyAya se usakI pravRtti mAnane meM koI yukti nahIM hai; kyoMki dRSTAnta vilakSaNa hai / andha ko yadyapi svayaM mArgadarzana nahIM hai kintu caitanyazIla hone ke nAte vaha paMgu kI sUcanA ko samajha sakatA hai / pradhAna caitanyazIla na hone se puruSa kI sUcanA nahIM samajha pAyegA, kyoMki vaha jaDa hai / tathA pradhAna aura puruSa donoM hI nitya hai, nitya do padArtha eka-dUsare ke upakArI nahIM bana sakateM, ataH una donoM meM sambandha bhI nahIM jamegA / * *, tArakadvayamadhyagatapAThaH syAdvAdamaMjarI - nyAyAvatAraTIppana - syAdvAdakalpalatAyAmuddhRtaH vAdamahArNavanAmollekhena / For Personal and Private Use Only -

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380 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam yadyapi mArga nopalabhate tathApi paGgorvivakSAmasau vetti tasya cetnaavttvaat| na caivaM pradhAnaM puruSavivakSAmavagacchati tasyA'cetanavattvena jaDarUpatvAt / na ca tayornityatvena parasparamanupakAriNoH paMgvandhavat sambandho'pi yuktaH / atha pradhAnaM puruSasya didRkSAmavagacchatItyabhyupagamyate - tathA sati bhoktRtvamapi tasya prasajyate karaNajJasya bhujikriyAvedakatvA'virodhAt / na ca ya ekaM jAnAti tenAparamapi jJAtavyamityayaM na niyamaH, yataH pradhAnasya kartRtve bhoktRtvamapi niyatasannidhIti yuktaM vaktum, yato yadi pradhAnasya buddhimattvamaMgIkriyate tadA puruSavaccaitanyaprasaMgaH buddhayAdInAM caitanyaparyAyatvAt / yato yat prakAzAtmatayA'paraprakAzanirapekSa svasaMviditarUpaM cakAsti tat caitanyamucyate, tad yadi buddherapi samasti cidrUpA sA kimiti na bhavet ! na ca yathoktabuddhivyatirekeNAparaM caitanyamupalakSayAmaH yatastadvyatiriktasya puruSasya siddhirbhavet / / yadapi cidrUpatvAd buddharbhedaprasAdhanAya parairanumAnamupanyasyate - yad yad utpattimattva-nAzitvAdidharmayogi tat tadacetanam yathA rasAdayaH tathA ca buddhiritiM svabhAvaheturiti / tatrApi vaktavyam kimidaM svatantrasAdhanam Ahosvit prasaMgasAdhanamiti ? tatra svatantrasAdhane'nyatarA'siddho hetuH, yato yathAvidha yadi mAna liyA jAya ki pradhAna puruSa kI didRkSA ko kisI taraha samajha letA hai, to phira pradhAna meM bhoktRtva bhI mAna sakate haiM, kyoMki jaDa hone para bhI jisameM karaNajJAtRtva (kaise bhogasaMpAdana karanA usakA jJAna) ho sakatA hai usameM bhujikriyAvedana yAnI bhogAnubhava bhI mAnane meM kyA virodha hai ? yadi aisA kahA jAya ki - 'aisA koI niyama nahIM hai ki jisako eka viSaya kA jJAna hai usako anya viSaya kA jJAna bhI honA hI cAhiye / aisA niyama hotA taba to pradhAna meM karaNajJAna se kartRtva hotA hai vaise bhogajJAna se bhoktRtva kA saMnidhAna bhI mAna lenA paDatA' - aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki pradhAna meM yadi buddhitattva kA svIkAra karate haiM to puruSa kI taraha usameM caitanya bhI svIkAra karanA hogA, kyoMki buddhi-jJAnAdi caitanya ke hI paryAya haiN| kaise yaha dekhiye- jo bhI anyaprakAza kI apekSA na rakha kara prakAzamaya hote huye svayaMsaMvedi ke rUpa meM sphurita hotA hai vahI 'caitanya' kahA jAtA hai / aisA caitanya yadi buddhi yAnI mahat meM hai to vaha bhI cinmaya kyoM nahIM hogI? uparyukta buddhi se pRthak koI caitanya jaisI cIja dekhane meM hI nahIM AtI ki jisa se buddhi se atirikta (arthAt buddhimat pradhAnatattva se pRthak) puruSa kI siddhi ho sake / buddhi meM acetanatAsAdhaka anumAna doSagrasta buddhi meM caitanya kA bheda siddha karane ke liye yaha jo anumAnaprayoga sAMkhyavAdiyoM ne kahA hai- 'jo kucha bhI utpatti-vinAzadharmadhArI hai vaha saba sacetana hotA hai jaise rasa-rUpAdi / buddhi bhI utpattivinAzadharmadhArI hai isaliye acetana honI cAhiye / ' - yaha svabhAvahetuka prayoga hai / - isa ke Upara bhI kucha kahanA paDegA, kyA yaha svatantrarUpa se buddhi meM acetanatva siddha karane ke liye prayoga kiyA hai yA sirpha buddhi meM acetanatva kA aniSTa prasaMgApAdana karane ke liye ? yadi svatantra sAdhana ho to usa meM hetu ubhayapakSamAnya honA cAhiye, kintu yahA~ do meM se eka pakSa meM vaha asiddha hai| kaise yaha dekhiye -- bauddha mata meM apUrvaprAdurbhAva svarUpa utpAda hai aura niranvayanAza svarUpa vinAza hai, sAMkhya mata meM aisA nahIM hai, usa ke mata meM to AvirbhAva-tirobhAva rUpa utpAda-vinAza hai, kintu vaisA bauddhamata meM nahIM hai / aba yadi bauddhamataprasiddha utpAda-vinAzazAlitva ko hetu banAyeMge to sAMkhyamata meM hetu asiddha ho jAyegA, aura sAMkhyamataprasiddha utpAda-vinAza se garbhita hetu banAyeMge

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 381 mutpattimattvamapUrvotpAdalakSaNam nAzitvaM ca niranvayavinAzAtmakaM prasiddhaM bauddhasya na tathAvidhaM sAMkhyasya, tayorAvirbhAva-tirobhAvarUpatvena tenAMgIkaraNAt / yathA ca sAMkhyasya tau prasiddhau na tathA bauddhasyeti kathaM nAnyatarA'siddhatA ? na ca zabdamAtrasiddhau hetusiddhiH, vastusiddhI vastuna eva siddhasya hetutvAt / taduktam[pra. vA. 1-22] tasyaiva vyabhicArAdau zabdepyavyabhicAriNi / doSavat sAdhanaM jJeyaM vastuno vastusiddhitaH // iti / atha prasaMgasAdhanamiti pakSastadA sAdhyaviparyaye baadhkprmaannaa'prdrshnaadnaikaantiktaa| na hyatra pratibandho'sti cetanotpAda-nAzAbhyAM na bhavitavyamiti / yadapi prakalpitam [sAMkhya0 kA0 57] - vatsavivRddhinimittaM kSIrasya yathA pravRttirajJasya / puruSavimokSanimittaM tathA pravRttiH pradhAnasya / tadapi na samyak, yataH kSIramapi na svAtantryeNa vatsavivRddhiM cetasyAdhAya pravartate, kiM tarhi ? kAdAcitkebhyaH svahetubhyaH pratiniyatebhyaH samutpattimAsAdayati, tacca labdhAtmalAbhaM vatsavivRddhinimittatA. mupayAtItyacetanamapi pravarttate iti vyapadizyate / na tvevaM pradhAnasya kAdAcitkI pravRttiryuktA nityatvAt to vaha bauddhamata meM asiddha ho jAyegA / yadi kaheM ki - 'donoM mata meM utpAda-vinAza kI prasiddhi alaga alaga hone para bhI zabdarUpa to samAna hI hai isa liye asiddhi nahIM hogI' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki samAna zabdamAtra ubhayamatasiddha hone se hetusiddhi nahIM ho jAtI / hetu se jo sAdhya siddha karanA hai vaha sirpha zabdarUpa siddha nahIM karanA hai kintu vasturUpa sAdhya siddha karanA hotA hai, ata: vastubhUta sAdhya kI siddhi ke liye vastusiddha hI hetu bana sakatA hai na ki zabdarUpa / pramANavArttika meM kahA hai - "zabda kA vyabhicAra (yAnI ubhayamata asiddhatA ke) na hone para bhI vastubhUta artha kA vyabhicAra hone para sAdhana sadoSa ho jAtA hai kyoMki vastubhUta hetu se hI vastu (sAdhya) kI siddhi ho sakatI hai|" __yadi utpatti-vinAzadharmayogitva hetu se buddhi meM acetanatva kA sirpha aniSTApAdana hI karanA abhipreta hai taba vipakSa kI zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki utpattiAdi ke rahane para bhI acetanatva na rahe to kyA bAdha ? aisI zaMkA ke nirasana meM Apane koI pramANa nahIM dikhAyA hai isa liye saMdigdhavipakSavyAvRttirUpa anaikAntikatva doSa laga jAyegA / aisA koI niyama kA bandhana nahIM hai ki cetana ke nAzotpAda nahIM hI hone cAhiye / kSIrapravRtti kA dRSTAnta asaMgata sAMkhyakArikA meM jaDa prakRti meM bhI pravRtti pramANita karane ke liye jo yaha (kA.57 meM) kalpanA kI gayI hai - "jJAnazUnya hote huye bhI dUdha bacheDA ke poSaNa ke liye apane Apa (gAya ke A~cala se) jharatA hai - pravRtta hotA hai, vaise hI puruSa ke mokSa ke liye jJAnazUnya prakRtti kI pravRtti hotI hai / " vaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki 'bacheDA ke poSaNa kA prayojana apane mana meM rakha kara svatantrarUpa se apane Apa dha kI pravRtti hotI hai' - aisI bAta nahIM hai / to kaise hotI hai ? uttara - dha apane niyatakAlIna -niyata (amuka amuka) hetuoM se pahale gAya ke A~cala meM utpanna hotA hai, phira bacheDA usa ko cUsatA hai taba bacheDA ke poSaNa meM vaha nimitta banatA hai, yaha usakA nimittabhAva hI upacAra se usa acetana kI pravRtti

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382 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam tasya anyahetvabhAvAcca / tathAhi - na tAvat kAdAcitkakAraNasaMnidhAnAyattA kAdAcitkI zaktirasya yuktA tadabhAvAt / nApi svAbhAvikI sadA saMnihitA, avikalakAraNatvena sarvasyAbhyudayaniHzreyasalakSaNasya puruSArthasya yugapadutpattiprasaMgAt / na ca buddhi - caitanyayorabhedepi caitanyasyAtmatvamapratiSiddhameva, yato nAsmAbhiH caitanye AtmazabdanivezaH pratiSidhyate; kiM tarhi ? yastatra nityatvalakSaNo dharmaH samAropitaH sa eva niSidhyate, tannityatve'kSasaMhatervaiphalyaprasakteH, tadutpattyarthatvAt tasyAH, nityatve cotpttersmbhvaat| na hi vaDheH sadA'stitve tadartha janatendhanamAdIta / tana nityaikarUpaM caitanyaM yuktisaMgatam / / ___ yadapi 'parArthAzcakSurAdayaH' [375-10] ityAdyuktam tatra AdheyAtizayo vA paraH sAdhyatvenAbhipretaH yadvA'vikAryanAdheyAtizayaH, ahosvit sAmAnyena cakSurAdInAM pArAgemAnaM sAdhyatvenAbhipretamiti vikalpatrayam / tatra yadi prathamaH pakSaH sa na yuktaH, siddhasAdhyatAdoSA''ghrAtatvAt / yato'smAbhirapi vijJAnopakAritvenAbhyupagatA eva cakSurAdayaH "cakSuH pratItya rUpAdi cotpadyate cakSurvijJAnam" [ ] ityAdivakahI jAtI hai, aura koI anaupacArika pravRtti usakI nahIM hotI / pradhAna to nitya hai, aura pradhAna ke alAvA aura kisI hetu kI sattA bhI nahIM hai, taba usa kI pravRtti yA to sadA honI cAhiye, yA kabhI nahIM honI cAhiye, kintu niyatakAlIna pravRtti kA usa ke sAtha mela nahIM baiThegA / kaise yaha dekhiye - pradhAnAtmaka kAraNa ke nitya hone se, 'niyata kAla meM hI kAraNa kA saMnidhAna hone se usa meM pravartana zakti bhI niyatakAlIna hI ho sake' aisA bana nahIM sakatA, kyoMki prakRti meM niyatakAlInatA hI nahIM hai / svAbhAvika zakti bhI usa meM saMnihita nahIM mAna sakate, kyoMki taba to sabhI puruSoM kI mukti ke liye tathAvidhazaktizAlI pradhAnarUpa kAraNa sadA nikaTavartI hone se sabhI puruSoM ko abhyudaya-ni:zreyasakAraka dharmapuruSArtha kA ekasAtha hI udaya ho jAne kI Apatti hogii| buddhi aura caitanya ko yadi abhinna mAnA jAya to hameM koI Apatti nahIM hai, kyoMki buddhi-abhinna caitanya meM Atmatva mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM pahu~catI / yAnI kSaNika AtmA, caitanya athavA buddhi eka hI cIja hai| hama jo AtmA kA niSedha karate haiM vaha nitya AtmA kA, arthAt caitanyarUpa AtmA meM nityatva kA niSedha karate haiM, caitanya ke liye paryAyavAcI 'AtmA' zabda kA prayoga karane kA niSedha hama nahIM krte| yadi AtmasvarUpa caitanya ko nitya mAneMge to indriyavarga niSphala bana jAyegA, kyoMki jJAnAtmAsvarUpa caitanya kI utpatti ke liye hI usa kI sArthakatA hotI hai / jaba vaha nitya hI hogA to indriyoM se usa kI utpatti kaise hogI ? agni agara zAzvata hogA to usa ko pragaTa karane ke liye kyoM janatA indhana lAne ko dauDegI ? sArAMza, yaha yuktisaMgata bAta nahIM hai ki 'caitanya nitya evaM ekarUpa hai / puruSasAdhaka anumAna para vikalpatrayI yaha jo anumAna kahA thA - cakSu Adi anyArthaka hai.. ityAdi, vahA~ kaise svarUpa vAle anya (=para)' kI siddhi abhipreta hai ? tIna vikalpa haiM - jisa meM saMskArAdhAna na ho sake, 'jisa meM koI vikAra yA saMskAra na ho saka, athavA para kI siddhi ke badale cakSu Adi meM sirpha anyArthakatva hI siddha karanA abhipreta *. 'cakkhaM ca paTica rUpe ca uppajjati cakkhu vidhANaM' iti saMyuktanikApe niga0 11-2 /

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH kA0 - 3 canAt / atha dvitIyaH pakSo'GgIkriyate tadA hetorviruddhatAlakSaNo doSaH vikAryupakAritvena cakSurAdInAM sAdhyaviparyayeNa dRSTAnte hetorvyAptatvapratIteH / tathAhi - avikAriNI atizayasyAdhAtumazakyatvAt zayanA''sanAdayo'nityasyaivopakAriNo yuktA na nityasyeti kathaM na hetorviruddhatA ? yadi puna: sAmAnyena AdheyAnAdheyAtizayavizeSamapAsya pArArthyamAtraM sAdhyata ityayaM pakSaH kakSIkriyate tadApi siddhasAdhyataiva, cakSurAdInAM vijJAnopakAritveneSTatvAt / na ca cittamapi sAdhyadharmitvenopAttamityaparasya tadvyatiriktasya paratvamatrAbhipretam, cittAdivyatirekiNo'parasyAvikAriNa upakAryatvA'sambhavAt cakSUrUpA''lokamanaskArANAparacakSurAdikadambakopakAritvasyA'nyAyaprAptatvAt / vijJAnasya vA anekakAraNakRtopakArAdhyAsitasya saMhatatvaM kalpitamaviruddhameveti nAtra sAdhye hetorapyasiddhatA saMgacchate ? tana sAMkhyopakalpitacaitanyarUpasya nityasyAtmanaH kutazcit siddhiH / tanna azuddhadravyAstikamatAvalambisAMkhyadarzanaparikalpitapadArthasiddhiriti A hai, cAhe vaha anya koI bhI ho / "prathama pakSa ayukta hai, kyoMki usa meM siddhasAdhyatA doSa kI gandha hai / hama bhI mAnate haiM kSaNika caitanyamaya vijJAna para hai, usa ko upakRta karane ke liye hI cakSu Adi hai / bauddhagrantha bhI aisA kahA gayA hai ki 'cakSu se evaM rUpAdi ke Alambana se cAkSuSa vijJAna utpanna hotA hai' / BdvitIya pakSa mAneMge to usa meM hetu meM viruddhatA doSa lagatA hai / cakSu Adi to 'vijJAna ke vikArI aura upakArI hai' isa tathya kI siddhi 'saMghAta' hetu se hotI hai, dRSTAnta meM avikArI - anupakArya sAdhyarUpa para viparIta vikArI evaM upakArI para rUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti dhAraNa karane vAlA hetu virUddha kyoM nahIM hogA ? jaise dekhiye - avikArI padArtha meM to kisI naye saMskAra kA AdhAna zakya nahIM hotA, ataH dRSTAntabhUta (saMghAtamaya) zayyA - AsanAdi anitya ke hI upakArI bane yaha sayuktika hai, na ki nitya ke / hetu viruddha kyoM nahIM huA ? yadi tIsare vikalpa meM saMskArayogya yA saMskAra - ayogya Adi ko choDa kara sirpha cakSuAdi meM parArthatA hI siddha karane kA abhiprAya rakhate ho taba siddhasAdhyatA aura jora mAregI kyoMki hama mAnate hI haiN| ki cakSu Adi para ke liye, yAnI vijJAna ke upakAra ke liye haiM / 383 yadi kaheM ki - 'cakSuAdi pakSa meM citta (yAnI vijJAna) kA bhI antarbhAva hai, ataH yahA~ jo anyArthakatva siddha karanA hai usa meM citta se bhI anya kI siddhi abhipreta hai " to kahanA paDegA ki cittAdi se bhinna ho aise kisI avikArI kI hastI yadi abhipreta hogI to usa meM upakAryatA kA sambhava hI nahIM hai, tathA cakSu-rUpa- Aloka-manaskAra apane se bhinna anya cakSuAdivarga kA upakArI ho (yAnI anya upakArya cakSuAdi siddha ho ) yaha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai / dUsarI ora, 'vijJAna meM saMhatatva yAnI saMghAtamayatA na hone se, vijJAna kA pakSa meM antarbhAva karane para hetu bhAgAsiddha ho jAyegA, isa liye parArthatA kA anumAna hI azakya hai', aisA kahane se bhI chUTakArA nahIM hogA, kyoMki vijJAna svayaM anekakAraNoM ke dvArA kiye gaye upakAroM se adhiSThita hone ke kAraNa, usameM saMghAtamayatA kI kalpanA karane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / sArAMza, sAMkhyamatakalpita nitya caitanyasvarUpa AtmA kI siddhi kisI bhI taraha nahIM ho pAtI / paryAyAstika mata ke samuce vaktavya kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki azuddha dravyAstika naya para avalambita sAMkhyadarzana kI kalpanA ke anusAra dikhAye gaye padArthoM kI siddhi sambhavArUda nahIM hai / - yaha paryAyAstikamata kA nirUpaNa huA /

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384 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam [ nayopabhedanirUpaNam ] [ saMgraha - naigamanayavaktavyatA ] atra ca naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAralakSaNAstrayo nayAH zuddhayazuddhibhyAM dravyAstikamatamAzritAH, RjusUtra - zabda- samabhirUDha evambhUtAstu zuddhitAratamyataH paryAyanayabhedAH / tathAhi - saMgrahamataM tAvat pradarzitameva (269-5) / yeSAM tu matena naigamanayasya sadbhAvaH taistasya svarUpamevaM varNitam rAyantaropalabdhaM nityatvamanityatvaM ca nayatIti nigamavyavasthAbhyupagamaparo naigamanayaH / nigamo hi nityAnitya- sadasatkRtakA'kRtakasvarUpeSu bhAveSvapAstasAMkaryasvabhAvaH sarvathaiva dharma - dharmibhedena sampadyata iti / sa punarnaMgamo'nekadhA vyavasthitaH pratipatrabhiprAyavAnnayavyavasthAnAt / pratipattAratha nAnAbhiprAyAH / yataH kecidAhuH 'puruSa evedaM sarvam' [ zvetAzva0 3 - 15] ityAdi, yadAzrityoktam- [ gItA 15 - 1 ] "UrdhvamUlamadhaH zAkhamazvatthaM prAhuravyayam / chandAMsi yasya parNAni yastaM veda sa vedavit // " puruSo'pyekatva-nAnAtvabhedAt kaicidabhyupagato dvedhA, nAnAtvepi tasya kartRtvA'kartRtvabhedo'parairAzritaH, kartRtve'pi sarvagatatetarabhedaH asarvagatatve'pi zarIravyAptyavyAptibhyAM bhedaH, avyApitvepi mUrttetaravikalpAd naya ke prabheda : saMgrahAdinaya Jain Educationa International mUla dravyAstika naya kI zuddhi - azuddhibheda se tIna dhArAeM pravAhita hotI hai / zuddhi kA tAtparya hai bhedadRSTi kA abhAva / saMgrahanaya zuddhi ko apanA kara pravRtta hotA hai, jaba ki naigama aura vyavahAra taratamabhAva se bhedadRSTi rUpa azuddhi rakha kara pravRtta hote haiM RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUda aura evaMbhUta ye cAra naya zuddhi kI taratamatA se sUkSma-sUkSmatara bhedadRSTi rakha kara pravRtta hote haiM aura ve paryAyAstikanaya ke bheda haiN| abhedadRSTi kA abhAva yahI usakI zuddhi hai / ina meM se saMgrahanaya kA mata zuddha dravyAstikanaya ke vivecana meM dikhA diyA hai| ve donoM eka hI hai / naigamanaya vaktavyatA yadyapi AcArya zrI siddhasenasUrijI naigama ko svatantra nayabheda nahIM mAnate haiM phira bhI anya AcAryoM ko vaha mAnya hai / una ke mata meM naigamanaya kA svarUpa isa prakAra dikhAyA gayA hai- bhinna bhinna rAziyoM meM, jaise vidyut, jvAlA, zabda Adi ke rAzi meM anityatva ko mAnya karatA hai, dUsarI ora AkAza AtmA Adi rAziyoM meM nityatva mAnya karatA hai isa prakAra asAMkarya kA dRSTikoNa rakhanevAlA naya naigama kahA jAtA hai / nigama kA matalaba hai janasamudAya ke sAtha gA~va-nagara meM vAsa karane vAle mAnava / ye loga bhinna bhinna avasara meM bhAva hat bhinna bhinna rUpa se prastuta karate haiM / paNya kharIdate samaya unakI dRSTi alaga hotI hai aura vikraya ke kAla meM kucha alaga hI / aise prasiddha zAstrIya tattvoM liye bhI kisI cIja ko vaha nitya hI samajha letA hai, kisI ko anitya / kisI ko sat aura kisI ko asat / kisI ko akRtaka yAnI prAkRtika aura kisI ko mAnavAdinirmita yAnI kRtaka / isa prakAra naigamanayavAdI asaMkIrNasvabhAvAMkita vastu kA svIkAra karatA hai / vaha dharma ko bhI sarvathA bhinna mAnatA hai aura dharmi ko bhI / isa prakAra una nAgarikoM ke avasarAnukula bhinna bhinna abhiprAya pravRtta hote haiM isa liye naigamanaya bhI taraha taraha ke (vividha) abhiprAya vAlA hotA hai kyoMki janasAmAnya kA abhiprAya bhI taraha taraha kA hotA hai / jaise, kisIne aisA kahA hai ki 'yaha saba kucha puruSa - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 ____385 bheda eva / aparaistu pradhAnakAraNikaM jagad abhyupagatam, tatrApi sezvara-nirIzvarabhedAd bhedA'bhyupagamaH / kaizcit svabhAvakAla-yahacchAdivAdAH samAzritAH, teSvapi sApekSatvA'napekSatvAbhyupagamAd bhedavyavasthA abhyupagataiva / tathA, kAraNaM nityam kAryamanityamityapi vaitaM kaizcidabhyupagatam, tatrApi kArya svarUpaM niyamena tyajati navetyayamapi bhedAbhyupagamaH / evaM mUtaireva mUrtamArabhyate, mUtairmUrtam, mUtramUrtamityAyanekadhApratipavabhiprAyato'nekadhAnigamanAgamo'nekabhedaH / [vyavahAranayAbhiprAyaH ] vyavahAranayastu - apAstasamastabhedamekamabhyupagacchato'dhyakSIkRtabhedanibandhanavyavahAravirodhaprasakteH kArakajJApakabhedaparikalpanAnurodhena vyavahAramAracayan pravartate iti kAraNasyApi na sarvadA nityatvam kAryasyApi na sarvadA nityatvam, kAryasyApi naikAntataH prakSaya iti / tatazca 'na kadAcidanIdRzaM jagat[ ] iti pravRtto'yaM vyavahAro na kenApi pravartyate anyathA pravartakAnavasthAprasaktiH / tato na vyavahArazUnyaM jagat / na ca pramANA'viSayIkRtaH pakSo'bhyupagaMtuM yuktaH adRSTaparikalpanAprasakteH, dRSTAnurodhena hyadRSTamapi hI hai' (AtmAdvaita) ityaadi....| isI abhiprAya kA avalamba kara ke gItA meM kahA gayA hai - "zuddha-buddhasvabhAva brahma yahI jisa kA Urdhva mUla hai, avidyA janya prapaMcavilAsa yaha jisa kI adhogata zAkhAe~ hai aura vedamantra jisa ke parNa haiM - aise puruSavizeSa kA jJAtA jo hai vahI vedajJa hai|" naigama ke vividha abhiprAya ke udAharaNasthala* isa naya meM puruSa ke liye bhI vividha abhiprAya haiM / koI advaita eka hI puruSa mAnate haiM, koI aneka, isa prakAra ye do abhiprAya ho gye| aneka mAnanevAle meM koI use kartA mAnate haiM koI akartA / kartA mAnane vAle bhI koI sarvagata vyApaka mAnate haiM aura koI avyApaka / avyApaka mAnane vAle bhI koI puruSa ko zarIraparimANavAlA mAnate haiM, koI deha se nyUnAdhika parimANa vAlA mAnate haiM / zarIra se nyUnAdhika parimANa mAnanevAle meM bhI koI AtmA ko mUrta mAnate haiM aura koI amUrta / anya koI sAMkhyavAdI aisA bhI mAnate haiM ki jagat kA mUla kAraNa pradhAnatattva hai / sAMkhyavAdIyoM meM bhI do bheda haiM, Izvara ko apane karmoM kI apekSA vAle mAnate haiM aura koI mAnate haiM ki IzvarapravRtti meM karmApekSA nahIM hotI / kucha aise bhI vAdI haiM jo jagat kA eka mAtra kAraNa 'svabhAva' hai aisA mAnate haiM, koI eka mAtra kAla ko, koI yahacchA yAnI niyati ko, to koI puruSakAra Adi ko hI jagat-kAraNa mAnate haiN| una meM bhI koI karma aura puruSArtha anyonya sApekSakAraNatA mAnate haiM to koI nirapekSa / koI dvaitavAdI aisA mAnate haiM ki kAraNa (jaise ki pradhAna) nitya hotA hai aura kArya (bhUtAdi) anitya hotA hai| anityakAryavAdiyoM meM bhI koI mAnate haiM ki kArya naSTa hotA huA sarvathA apane svarUpa kA avazyameva tyAga karatA hai, to koI kahate haiM nahIM, sarvathA avazyameva tyAga nahIM karatA (kucha aMza se sthAyi bhI rahatA hai / ) ArambhavAda meM koI kahate haiM mUrta kI utpatti mUrta padArtha se hI hotI hai| dUsare kahate haiM - mUrta kI utpatti mUrta padArtha se hI hotI hai - itanA ThIka hai (lekina mUrta se hI hotI hai aisA nahIM) aura koI kahate haiM mUrta padArthoM se amUrta kI utpatti hotI hai / isa DhaMga se dekheM to apane apane vibhinna abhiprAya ke mutAbika jJAtA loga taraha taraha ke nigamana = nizcaya kara lete haiM ata: naigamanaya kI dhArA aneka bhedoM se pravRtta hotI hai|

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 386 vastu kalpayituM yuktam anyathAkalpanA'sambhavAditi saMgraha- naigamAbhyupagatavastuvivekAllokapratItapathAnusAreNa pratipattigauravaparihAreNa pramANa- prameya pramitipratipAdanaM vyavahAraprasiddhyarthaM parIkSakaiH samAzritamiti vyavahAranayAbhiprAyaH / tataH sthitaM naigama saMgraha - vyavahArANAM dravyAstikanayaprabhedatvam / viSayabhedazcaiSAM pratipAditaHzuddhaM dravyaM samAzritya saMgrahastadazuddhitaH / naigama-vyavahArau stAM zeSAH paryAyamAzritAH // [ ] taduktam- [ 1 anyadeva hi sAmAnyamabhinnajJAnakAraNam / vizeSo'pyanya eveti manyate nigamo nayaH // sadrUpatAnatikrAnta-svasvabhAvamidaM jagat / sattArUpatayA sarvaM saMgRhNan saMgraho mataH // vyavahArastu tAmeva prativastuvyavasthitAm / tathaiva dRzyamAnatvAt vyavahArayati dehinaH // iti // paryAyanayabhedAH RjusUtrAdayaH tatrarjusUtranItiH syAt zuddhaparyAyasaMzritA / nazvarasyaiva bhAvasya bhAvAt sthitiviyogataH // pratyakSasiddha bhedagrAhI vyavahAranaya vyavahAranaya kA abhiprAya : :- samasta bheda kA cheda karake advitIya eka tattva ke svIkAra karane meM pratyakSasiddha bheda vyavahAra kA virodha spaSTa hI pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki vyavahAra sarvatra bhedamUlaka hI calatA hai yaha pratyakSa dikhatA hai / ataH dRSTa ke anusAra kalpanA karanI cAhiye / kAraka aura jJApaka isa prakAra sarvatra bheda prasiddha haiM isaliye vaisI kalpanA ke anurUpa vyavahAra AcaratA huA vyavahAranaya pravRtta hotA hai| usake mata meM, kAraNa sadA ke liye nitya nahIM hotA, kArya bhI sadA ke liye nitya nahIM hotA, evaM kArya kA ekAntataH hara kisI prakAra se vinAza bhI nahIM hotaa| aise ye kArya-kAraNoM ke samudAyAtmaka pUrA jagat jaisA Aja vAstavika bhedaniyama kA anusaraNa kara rahA hai vaisA bhUta bhaviSya meM bhI karatA thA karatA rahegA, ataH 'yaha jagat aisA kabhI nahIM thA yA nahIM hogA' isa kathana ko avakAza hI nahIM hai| anAdi kAla se yaha bhedavyavahAra pravarttamAna hai, koI usakA Adya pravarttaka nahIM hai, anyathA usa pravarttaka ke pravarttaka kI khoja meM anavasthA clegii| anAdi anaMtakAla yaha vyavahAra jArI rahatA hai isaliye vyavahArazUnya jagat kI kalpanA niravakAza hai / abhedapakSa meM koI pramANa nahIM hai, aura jisa pakSa meM koI pramANa na ho usakA svIkAra ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANabAhya pakSa kA svIkAra karane para adRSTa- azruta- aprasiddha padArtha kI kalpanA kA doSa prasakta hotA hai / kadAcit adRSTa padArtha kI kalpanA anyathAnupapatti ke bala para kI jAya to vaha bhI dRSTa padArtha ke anurUpa hI karanA cAhiye, usake badale viparIta kalpanA karanA sambhavocita nahIM / ukta rIti se, saMgraha aura naigamanaya sammata vastu kA viveka karake, yAnI apanI vyavahArasaMgatikAraka buddhi se usakA parIkSaNa karake, vyavahArAtIta kalpanAoM ko chor3a kara, lokapratItirUpa mArga kA anusaraNa karate huo, vyavahAraviruddha kalpanAoM ke ADambara ko choDa kara vyavahArAnukula pramANa- prameya aura pramiti kA vyutpAdana, vyavahAroM kI prasiddhi ke liye yAnI ucita DhaMga se unake pravarttana ke liye parIkSakoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai- yaha vyavahAra naya kA Azaya hai / yadyapi naigama-vyavahAra bhedagrAhaka haiM phira bhI tInoM naya dravya ko dRSTigocara rakha kara pravRtta hote haiM, isaliye naigama- saMgraha aura vyavahAra ye tInoM dravyAstikanaya ke upabheda haiM yaha tathya phalita hotA hai| una meM nimnarIti se viSayabheda mAnA gayA hai - saMgrahAdi nayoM meM viSayabheda " saMgrahanaya zuddha dravya kA Azraya karatA hai, azuddha dravya kA AsarA le kara naigama aura vyavahAra naya Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 dezakAlAntarasambaddhasvabhAvarahitaM vastutattvaM sAmpratikam ekasvabhAvam akuTilam = Rju sUtrayatoti RjusUtraH / na hi ekasvabhAvasya nAnAdik-kAlasambandhitvasvabhAvamanekatvaM yuktam ekasyAnekatvavirodhAt / na hi svarUpabhedAdanyo vastubhedaH svarUpasyaiva vastutvopapatteH / tathAhi vidyamAnepi svarUpe kimaparamabhinnaM vastu yad rUpanAnAtve'pyekaM syAditi ? yad vasturUpaM yena svabhAvenopalabhyate tat tena sarvAtmanA vinazyati na punaH kSaNAntarasaMsparzIti kSaNikam, kSaNAntarasambandhe tatkSaNAkArasya kSaNAntarAkAravizeSA'prasaMgAt, ato jAtasya yadi dvitIyakSaNasambandhaH prathamakSaNasvabhAvaM nApanayati tadA kalpAntarAvasthAnasambandho'pi tatrApanayet, svabhAvabhede vA kathaM na vastubhedaH, anyathA sarvatra sarvadA bhedAbhAva - prasaktiH / - akSaNikasya krama - yaugapadyAbhyAmarthakriyAnupapatterasattvam, sahakAryupaDhaukitAtizayamanaMgIkurvatastadapekSAyogAdakSepeNa kAryakAriNaH sarvakAryamekadaiva vidadhyAditi na kramakartRtvam navA kadAcanApi svakAryamutpAdayet pravRtta huA hai, bAkI saba naya paryAya kA AzrayaNa karate haiM / " isakA tAtparya yaha haiM ki saMgrahanaya bhedAdivizeSaNavinirmukta zuddha dravya kI ora dRSTi karatA hai, jaba ki naigama aura vyavahAra bhedAdivizeSaNa viziSTa (yAnI azuddha) dravya ko dRSTigocara rakha kara calatA hai / [ jaise kucha aparAdha kara ke ghara se bhAga jAne vAlA beTA jaba vApasa cha: mahIne ke bAda ghara AtA hai taba usake pitA ko vaha 'aparAdhI beTA' dikhatA hai kintu udArahRdayI mAtA ko sirpha beTA hI dikhatA hai / aura logoM ko beTA nahIM, sirpha aparAdhI hI aparAdhI dikhatA hai vaise hI ] paryAyavAdI RjusUtrAdi cAra nayoM kI dRSTi dravya kI ora nahIM sirpha paryAyoM kI ora, bhedAdi vizeSaNoM kI ora hI dRSTi rahatI hai / 387 anyatra kahA gayA hai 'naigamanaya mAnatA hai ki samAnAkAra jJAna kA kAraNabhUta sAmAnya, aura (bhinAkArajJAna hetubhUta) vizeSa ye donoM hI alaga alaga hai|' 'sAre jagat kA apanA svabhAva sadrUpatA se mudrita hai, isa prakAra sattA ke rUpa meM akhila vastu kA saMgraha karane vAlA saMgraha naya kahA gayA hai / ' 'vyavahAranaya vahI sattArUpatA eka eka vastu ( ke kavaca ) meM rahI huI jisa vizeSa rUpa meM dikhatI hai usI rUpa meM, dehiyoM ke samakSa usakA vyavahAra karatA hai|' paryAyanayabheda : RjusUtranayAbhiprAya RjusUtra zabda- samabhirUDha - evaMbhUta ye cAra paryAyanaya ke bheda haiM / " RjusUtranaya kI nIti zuddhaparyAyoM ke Upara Azrita hai, kyoMki sthAyitva sambhava na hone se bhAvamAtra saba nazvara hI hote haiM / " Jain Educationa International RjusUtra Rju yAnI sIdhI-sAdI vastu kA sUtraNa karatA hai, sIdhI-sAdI vastu yAnI jisa kA svabhAva anya deza ke sambandha aura anyakAla ke sambandha ( se nirlepa ho- alaMkRta na ho) ke ADambara se mukta ho, atIta- anAgata kI kuTilatA se aspRzya sirpha varttamAnakAlIna ho aura bhinna bhinna paristhiti meM bhinna bhinna svabhAva nahIM kintu ekasvabhAvI ho / jo ekasvabhAvI hai usameM vividha deza - kAlasambandhAtmaka svabhAvarUpa anekatva kA saMga kaise ho sakatA hai ? eka hai to usameM anekatva kA honA viruddha hai / vastu kA jo apanA For Personal and Private Use Only

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388 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam nirapekSasya niratizayatvAt / na Di nirapekSasya kadAcit karaNamakaraNaM vA, virodhAt / tatkRtamu(pa)kAraM svabhAvabhUtamaMgIkurvataH kSaNikatvameva / vyatiriktatve vA sambandhA'siddhiH / aparopakArakalpane'navasthAprasaktiH / yugapadapi na nityasya kAryakAritvam dvitIye'pi kSaNe tatsvabhAvAt tatastadutpattitaH tatkramaprasakteH / kramAkramavyatiriktaprakArAntarAbhAvAca na nityasya sattvam arthakriyAkAritvalakSaNatvAt tasya / pradhvaMsasya ca nirhetukatvena svabhAvato bhAvAt svarasabhaMgurA eva sarve bhAvAH iti paryAyAzritarjusUtrAbhiprAyaH / taduktam- [ ] atItAnAgatAkArakAlasaMsparzavarjitam / vartamAnatayA sarvamRjusUtreNa sUtryate / [arthanayAnAM vaktavyam ] pramANaprameyanibandhanaM yadyapi zabdArthoM sAmAnyena bhavataH tathApi sAkSAt paramparayA vA pramANasya kAraNameva svAkArArpakaviSayaH, 'nAnukRtAnvayavyatirekaM kAraNam nA'kAraNaM viSayaH[ ] / tathA, vyaktigata svarUpa hai vahI usakA vastutva hai, svarUpa agara badala gayA to vastu bhI badala gayI kyoMki svarUpabheda ko choDa kara aura koI vastubheda nahIM hai / dekhiye- svarUpa kI vidyamAnatA meM kyA usase atirikta koI vastu hai ki jisa meM rUpabheda bhI ho phira bhI vaha eka hI rahe ! kSaNabheda se vastubheda hotA hai vaha isa taraha - jo vastu jisa svabhAva se upalabdha hotI hai vaha dUsarI kSaNa meM usa sampUrNa svabhAva se naSTa ho jAtI hai isaliye dUsarI kSaNa kA usako sparza hI nahIM hotA / ata: vastu kSaNika hai / yadi vastu ko anya kSaNa kA sparza hogA to prathamakSaNa kA AkAra aura dvitIyakSaNa kA AkAra, ina meM koI bheda hI nahIM rahegA / utpanna vastu ko yadi dUsare kSaNa kA sparza hogA to vaha prathamakSaNa ke svabhAva ko dhvasta kara ke hI hogA, yadi prathama kSaNa ke svabhAva ko vaha dhvasta na karegA to yugayugAntarasthiti kA sambandha bhI prathamakSaNasambandha ko dhvasta nahIM kara pAyegA, taba vastumAtra anAdi-ananta ho jAyegI / aisA na ho isaliye kSaNa-kSaNa ke svabhAva meM parivartana mAnanA hI hogA, aura svabhAvabheda hI vastubheda kA dUsarA nAma hai, svabhAvabheda hone para bhI agara vastu-bheda nahIM mAneMge taba to sarvatra svabhAvabheda se hI kAma nipaTa jAne se vastu-vastu kA bheda sarvathA lupta ho jaayegaa|| akSaNika vastu meM kramazaH/yugapad arthakriyA asambhava vastu akSaNika yAnI nitya nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki nitya vastu meM kramaza: athavA ekasAtha arthakriyAkAritva kI saMgati nahIM baitthtii| kramaza: arthakriyA karane ke pakSa meM sahakArI kI apekSA mAnanA hogA, kintu nityabhAva meM sahakArIkRta saMskArAdhAna mAneMge to pUrvavat anityatva kI Apatti hogI, aura saMskArAdhAna nahIM mAneMge taba sahakArI kI apekSA hI nahIM ghttegii| jaba vinA sahakArI ke hI kAryakAritva mAneMge taba kramikavAda nahIM ghaTegA, kyoMki jisako kisI kI apekSA nahIM hai vaha apane sAdhya kAryoM ko eka sAtha nipaTAne meM kyoM dera karegA? arthAt saba kArya eka sAtha ho jAne kI Apatti hogI / isa prakAra nityabhAva meM kramaza: arthakriyAkartRtva saMgata nahIM ho sakatA / athavA yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki sahakArinirapekSa nitya bhAva kabhI apane kArya ke utpAdana meM samartha nahIM banegA kyoMki vaha sahakArIkRta atizayalAbha se vaMcita hai / tathA jo nirapekSa hai vaha kadAcit apanA kArya karane lage aura kadAcit udAsIna bana jAya- yaha bhI, karaNa aura akaraNa ke sAmAnAdhikaraNya meM virodha hone se asaMgata hai / yadi sahakAri kA upakAra mAna kara usako nityabhAva kA AtmabhUta = abhinna

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 389 'arthena ghaTayatyenAM nahi muktvArtharUpatAm' [pra. vA. 2-305 pUrvArdhaH] 'tasmAt prameyAdhigateH pramANaM meyarUpatA' / [pra. vA. 2-306 pUrvAdhaH] ityAdivacanAt tadAkArAnuvidhAyinI tadadhyavasAyena ca tatrA'visaMvAdAt saMvit pramANatvena gIyate / adhyakSadhIcA'zabdamarthamAtmanyAdhatte anyathA'rthadarzanapracyutiprasaMgAt / na hyakSagocare'rthe zabdAH santi tadAtmAno vA yena tasmin pratibhAsamAne'pi niyamena pratibhAseraniti kathaM tatsaMsRSTA adhyakSadhIbhavet ? mAneMge to upakAra kAdAcitka (=kSaNika) hone se tadabhinna bhAva nitya na rahakara kSaNika bana jAyegA / yadi usa upakAra ko bhAva se bhinna mAneMge to bhAva aura upakAra kA koI sambandha mela nahIM khaayegaa| sambandha kA mela baiThAne ke liye yadi naye naye upakAroM evaM unake sambandhoM kI kalpanA kareMge to usakA anta hI nahIM aayegaa| nityabhAva meM ekasAtha (eka samaya meM) sarva arthakriyA kA kAritva bhI mela nahIM khAyegA, kyoMki tathAvidha svabhAvato dUsare kSaNa meM bhI jArI rahegA, ata: dUsare kSaNa meM bhI puna: sarvakAryakAritva, tIsare kSaNa meM bhI.. isa prakAra puna: punaH kSaNakSaNa meM sarvakAryakAritva kI Apatti hogii| nitya bhAva ke liye krama-akrama ina do vikalpa moM ke alAvA tIsarA koI arthakriyAkartatva kA prakAra sambhava nahIM hai| sattva kA lakSaNa to arthakriyAkAritva hI hai, kintu eka bhI vikalpa se vaha nitya bhAva meM ghaTa nahIM sakatA isaliye nitya bhAva kI sattA saMbhava nahIM hai / RjusUtra ke mata meM dhvaMsa kA koI hetu nahIM hotA, vaha svAbhAvika hotA hai / pratyeka bhAva apane Apa kSaNabhaMgura hote haiM / RjusUtra naya paryAyAvalambI hotA hai, paryAya kSaNa-kSaNa badalate rahate haiM isaliye RjusUtramatavAdI kSaNikavAdI hai| kahA hai- "ajusUtra naya bhUta-bhAvi AkAravAle kAla ke sparza se alipta sirpha vartamAna ke rUpameM vastukA sUtraNa karatA hai|" arthanayacatuSka kA abhiprAya naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra ye tIna dravyArthika naya haiM, zeSa cAra paryAyArthika / dravya - paryAya ko lakSya meM rakha kara jaise yaha vibhAga hai vaise hI zabda aura artha ko lakSya meM rakha kara aisA bhI vibhAga hai ki naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra-RjusUtra ye cAra arthagrAhI hone se arthanaya haiM, aura bAkI ke tIna zabdanaya haiN| ___ arthanayadarzana kI aura se RjusUtra kahatA hai ki sAmAnyata: yadyapi yaha kahA jAtA hai ki zabda aura artha donoM pramANa-prameyabhAva ke sthApaka nimitta haiM kintu vAstava meM, sAkSAt athavA paramparA se jo pramANa kA kAraNa hotA hai vahI pramANa meM apanI AkAramudrA kA arpaNa karane ke kAraNa usakA viSaya banatA hai| kahA hai, 'anvaya-vyatireka sahacAra kA anusaraNa na kare vaha kAraNa nahIM hotA aura jo (pramA kA) kAraNa nahIM hotA vaha (usakA) viSaya nahIM banatA / ' tathA pramANavArttika meM bhI kahA hai- 'arthasarUpatA ko choDa kara aura koI isakA (pramANaphalabhUta adhigati) kA artha ke sAtha (yaha nIla kI adhigati hai, yaha pIta kI - isa prakAra) yojayitA (yAnI vyavasthApaka) nahIM hai|' - 'ata: prameyAdhigati kA pramANa (yAnI sAdhana) meyarUpatA (yAnI artharUpatA) hI hai ( na ki shbd)|' - ina vacanoM se yaha phalita hotA hai ki zabdAkAra kA nahIM kintu arthAkAra kA anuvidhAna karanevAlA, artha ke adhyavasAya se artha kA avisaMvAdI aisA saMvedana pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| pratyakSa buddhi to sIdhe hI zabda kA tyAga karake artha ko hI apanI goda meM le letI hai| yadi vaha artha kA * 'pramANaM' padasthAne 'sAdhanaM' itipadaM prmaannvaartike|

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam kiMca, vastusaMnidhAne'pi tannAmAnusmRtiM vinA tadA'rthasyAnupalabdhAviSyamANAyAmarthasaMnidhirakSahagjanaM pratyasamartha iti abhidhAnasmRtAdu(?vu) pakSINazaktitvAna kadAcanApIndriyabuddhiM janayet saMnidhAnA'vi - zeSAt / yadi cAyaM bhavatAM nirbandhaH svAbhidhAnavizeSApekSameva cakSurAdipratipatti (:) svArthamavagamayati tadA'staMgateyamindriyaprabhavA'rthAdhigatiH, tannAmasmRtyAderasaMbhavAt / tathAhi yatrArthe prAk zabdapratipattirabhUt punastadarthavIkSaNe tatsaMketitazabdasmRtirbhavediti yuktiyuktam anyathA'tiprasaMgaH syAt / na ced anabhilApamarthaM pratipattA pazyati tadA tatra dRSTamabhilApamapi na smaret, asmaraMdha zabdavizeSaM na tatra yojayet, ayojayaMzca na tena viziSTamarthaM pratyetItyAyAtamAndhyamazeSasya jagataH / tataH svAbhidhAnarahitasya viSayasya viSayiNaM cakSurAdipratyayaM prati svata evopayogitvaM siddham na tu tadabhidhAnAnAm, tadarthasambandharahitAnAM pAramparyeNApi sAmarthyA'sambhavAt / ityarthanayA vyavasthitAH / 390 tyAga karake zabda kI grAhikA hotI taba to arthadarzana ke vilopa kI vipadA prasakta hogI / zabda na to indriyasambaddha artha meM nivAsa karate haiM, na to zabda arthatAdAtmyazAlI hote haiM, isIliye artha ke pratibhAsakAla meM niyamataH zabda kA pratibhAsa hone ko avakAza hI nahIM, taba 'pratyakSa buddhi zabdasaMsRSTa hI hotI hai- zabdAnuviddha hI hotI hai' aisA kauna kaha sakatA hai ? zabdavinirmukta arthAvabodha kA samarthana - yadi zabdavAdI aisA mAnate ho ki 'artha kA saMnidhAna rahane para bhI jaba taka artha kI saMjJA kA smaraNa nahIM hotA taba taka indriya se arthopalambha nahIM hotA / ' taba to isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki arthasaMnidhAna pratyakSabuddhi ke utpAdana meM asamartha hai, kyoMki vaha to sirpha artha kI saMjJA kA smaraNa karAne meM hI kSINazaktika ho jAtA hai, ataH artha ke saMnidhAna kI pratyakSabuddhi - utpAdana meM koI vizeSatA na hone se indriyabuddhi utpanna hI nahIM ho pAyegI / yadi kaheM ki 'aisA nahIM hogA, kyoMki hama mAnate haiM ki arthasaMnidhAna saMjJArUpa vizeSaNa ko sApekSa raha kara cAkSuSabodha utpanna karatA hai aura usase usa saMjJA (zabda) ke artha kA avabodha hotA hai / ' - to isa mAnyatA ko svIkArane para indriyajanya arthAdhigama kI kathA hI samApta ho jAyegI, kyoMki aise to saMjJAsmaraNa bhI saMbhAvita nahIM hogaa| kaise yaha dekhiye - jisa artha ko lakSita karake pahale zabdasaMjJA kA bhAna ho cukA ho, punaH usa artha kA darzana hone ke bAda hI usa meM saMketita zabda kI smRti honA nyAyayukta hai| anyathA yat- kiMcit artha ke darzana se yat kiMcit nAma kI smRti ho jAyegI / zabda se alipta artha kA darzana yadi dRSTA ko pahale nahIM hogA to usa artha ke pUrvajJAta nAma kA smaraNa bhI nahIM ho sakegA, nAmasmaraNa na hone para usa viziSTa nAma kA apane artha ke sAtha saMyojana bhI koI dRSTA nahIM kara pAyegA / saMyojana ke viraha meM usa nAma se vizeSita artha kA adhigama nahIM ho pAyegA, phalataH sArA jagat jJAnazUnya andhA banA rahegA / isa prakAra, apane nAma ke sambandhaviraha meM bhI viSayabhUta artha apane viSayibhUta cAkSuSajJAna ke liye svataH upayogi banatA hai yaha to siddha ho gayA, kintu unake nAma, arthasambandha ke viraha meM pramAbodha meM upayogI nahIM hote, kyoMki una meM paramparayA bhI vaha sAmarthya nahIM hai / uparokta tarIke se, cAroM arthanaya kI dRSTi meM artha hI pramAbodha kA mukhya aMga hai, na ki zabda- yaha

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-3 391 [zabdanayAnAM vaktavyatA ] zabdanayAstu manyante- kAraNasyApi viSayasya pratipattiM prati naiva prameyatvaM yuktaM yAvadadhyavasAyo na bhavet, sopyadhyavasAyavikalpazcet tadabhidhAnasmRtiM vinA notpattuM yuktaH iti sarvavyavahAreSu zabdasambandhaH pradhAnaM nibandhanam / pratyakSasyApi tatkRtAdhyavasAyalakSaNavikalasya bahirantarvA pratikSaNapariNAmapratipattAviva pramANatAnupapatteH, avisaMvAdalakSaNatvAt pramANAnAm / pratikSaNapariNAmagrahaNepi tasya prAmANyAbhyupagame pramANAntarapravRttau yatnAntaraM kriyamANamapArthakaM syAt / tataH pramANavyavasthAnibandhanaM tanAmasmRtivyavasAyayojanamarthaprAdhAnyamapahastayatIti zabda eva sarvatra pramANAdivyavahAre pradhAnaM kAraNamiti sthitm| [ paMcamasya zabdanayasyAbhiprAyaH ] zabdanayazca RjusUtrAbhimataparyAyAt zuddhataraM paryAyaM svaviSayatvena vyavasthApayati / tathAhi- 'taTaH taTI taTam' iti viruddhaliMgalakSaNadharmAkrAntaM bhinnameva vastu, na hi tatkRtaM dharmabhedamananubhavatastatsambandho yuktaH taddharmabhede vA svayaM dharmI kathaM na bhiyate ? yathA hi kSaNikaM vastu atItAnAgatAbhyAM kSaNAbhyAM arthanayoM kA abhiprAya phalita huaa| zabdanayoM - pramANAdivyavahAroM kA mukhya hetu zabda arthanayoM ke pratikAra meM zabdanayoM kA vaktavya yaha hai- jaba taka adhyavasAya (yAnI vikalpa) nahIM hotA taba taka kAraNa hone para bhI viSaya, buddhi kA prameya siddha nahIM ho sakatA / adhyavasAyarUpa vikalpa jo mukhya vyavahAra sAdhaka hai, tabhI utpanna hogA jaba nAmasmRti ho, kyoMki vikalpa nAma-jAti Adi se yojita hI hotA hai| isa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki akhila vyavahAroM meM zabdasambandha hI mukhya bhUmikA adA karatA hai / kSaNikala ke vikalpa ke viraha meM jaise kSaNikatvagrAhI pratyakSa pratikSaNapariNAmAtmaka kSaNikatvarUpa prameya ke svIkAra meM pramANabhUta nahIM hotA, vaise hI kisI bhI bAhya-abhyantara prameya ke liye pratyakSa taba taka pramANabhUta nahIM mAnA jAtA jaba taka usa pratyakSa se usa prameya ke bAre meM adhyavasAya utpanna nahIM hotA, kyoMki pramANa ke lakSaNa meM avisaMvAda kA samAveza hotA hai, ata: saMvAdI adhyavasAya ke vinA pratyakSa kaise pramANa mAnA jA sakegA ? yadi adhyavasAya ke vinA bhI pratikSaNapariNAma ke grahaNa meM pratyakSa ko pramANa mAnA liyA jAyegA, to phira hara kisI nityatvAdi artha ke grahaNa meM, adhyavasAya ke vinA bhI pratyakSa ko pramANa mAna sakeMge, phalata: anityatvAdi kI siddhi ke liye anumAnAdi pramANAntara kI khoja meM kiye jAne vAle prayatna saba nirarthaka bana jaayeNge| uparokta rIti se, pramANavyavasthAsaMpAdana kA yaza nAmasmRti-vikalpa yojanA ko mila jAne se, arthanayasvIkRta arthapradhAnatA nirasta ho jAtI hai / phalita yaha hotA hai ki pramANAdi eka eka vyavahAroM meM sarvatra mukhya kAraNa zabda hI hai| * zabdanaya ke mata se liMgabheda se paryAyabheda RjusUtra naya kI tulanA meM zabdanaya adhika zuddha yAnI zuddhatara paryAya ko apane vyavahAra kA viSaya banAtA hai / 'adhika zuddha' kA matalaba yaha hai ki RjusUtranaya kI dRSTi kSaNabheda taka sImita rahatI hai jaba ki yaha zabdanaya liMgabheda se bhI paryAyabheda mAnatA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye- jaise hindI bhASA meM 'charA' aura 'chUrI' sAmAnyata:

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392 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam na sambandhamanubhavatyevaM gotvAdikalpa(nA?)sAmAnyavizeSasvarUparasparaviruddhastrItvAyanyatamadharmasambaddhaM nAnyadhamI(?)sambaddhamanubhavati viruddhadharmAdhyAsasya bhedalakSaNAt, tathApyabhede 'na kiMcid bhinnaM jagadasti' iti bhedavyavahAra evotsIdet / tathA, ekasminudakaparamANau 'ApaH' iti bahutvasaMkhyAyA nirdezo'nupapannaH, na hyekatvasaMkhyAsamAdhyAsitaM tadeva tadviruddhabahutvasaMkhyopetaM bhavatItyekasaMkhyayaiva tanirdeSTavyam / kAlabhedAd vastubhedaH RjusUtreNAbhyupagata eveti 'agniSTomayAjI putro'sya janitA' ityayuktameva vacaH atItAnAgatayoH sambandhAbhAvAt / tathA anyakArakayuktaM yet tadeva aparakArakasambandhaM nAnubhavatIti adhikaraNaM ced grAmaH adhikaraNa(zabda)vAcivibhaktivAcya eva, na karmAbhidhAnavibhattyabhidheyo yukta iti 'grAmamadhizete' iti prayokATane ke eka sAdhana ke nAma haiM kintu phira bhI liMgabheda hai itanA hI nahIM artha meM bhI kucha bheda hotA hai - isI taraha saMskRta bhASA meM nadIkinAre ke liye sAmAnyata: pulliMga-napuMsakaliMga meM 'taTa' aura strIliMga meM 'taTI' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / zabdanaya aise sthAna meM liMgabheda se arthabheda mAnatA hai jo RjusUtrane socA bhI nahIM hai| zabdanaya meM 'taTI' strIliMga zabda kA artha choTI nadI kA nAjuka kinArA mAnA jAtA hai, 'taTa' puMliMga zabda kA artha baDI nadI kA retabharA kinArA mAnA jAtA hai aura 'taTa' napuMsakaliMga zabda kA artha khAbaDa-khubaDa patharIlA kinArA mAnA jAtA hai / isa prakAra viruddha liMgasvarUpa dharma se mudrita vastu bhI viruddha yAnI bhinna bhinna hotI hai| uparokta rIti se eka zabda ke sAtha bhinna bhinna liMga kA sambandha joDa kara unakA prayoga koI aisA AdamI nahIM kara sakatA jisako liMga-bheda ke prayojaka dharmabheda kA anubhava nahIM hotA / dharmabheda hone para hI jaba liMga-bheda ho sakatA hai, to dharmoM ke bheda se dharmIbheda kyoM na mAnA jAya ? zabdanaya RjusUtranayavAdI ko kahatA hai ki jaise kSaNikavAda meM vastu ko atIta-anAgata kSaNoM ke sparzAnubhava kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki vartamAna ke sAtha atIta-anAgata kA virodha hotA hai to vaise hI gotvAditulya liMgatva rUpa sAmAnyadharma se AkrAnta eka dharmI meM parasparaviruddha vizeSAtmaka strItva-puMstva-napuMsakatva dharmoM kA bhI samAveza saMbhava nahIM hai, ata: strItvAdi kisI eka vizeSadharma kA dharmI 'taTI' Adi padArtha puMstvAdirUpa viruddha dharma ke sparza kA anubhava nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki taba viruddhadharmAdhyAsa hogA jo svayaM hI bheda kA lakSaNa hai na ki abheda kA / yadi viruddhadharmAdhyAsa ke rahate huye bhI Apa una meM abheda hI mAneMge taba to viruddha dharmAdhyAsa ko choDa kara aura koI bhedakatattva na hone se jagat meM kahIM bhI bheda kA astitva nahIM hogA, koI bhI kisI se bhinna nahIM rahegA, phalata: bhedakathA hI samApta ho jaayegii| liMgabheda se vastubheda kI taraha zabdanaya saMkhyA(vacana)bheda se bhI vastubheda mAnatA hai / saMskRta meM jalavAcaka ap zabda kA 'Apa:' isa prakAra bahuvacana meM hI prayoga hotA hai / yahA~ zabdanaya kahatA hai ki sirpha eka jala paramANu ke liye bhI 'ApaH' aisA bahutvasaMkhyAsUcaka bahuvacana kA prayoga ucita nahIM hai, jo ekatvasaMkhyA se AkrAnta hai vaha ekatvaviruddha bahutva kI saMkhyA se AkrAnta ho nahIM sakatA / ata: jala ke ekaparamANu ke liye ekatvasaMkhyAsUcaka ekavacana kA hI prayoga ucita hai| kAlabheda se vastubheda to RjusUtra ko bhI mAnya hai aura zabdanaya ko bhI / ata: vyAkaraNakAroM ne jo aisA prayoga dikhAyA hai 'agniSTomayAjI putrosya janitA' = jisane agniSTomayajJa kara liyA ho aisA putra isako

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 393 gosnupapannaH / tathA, puruSabhede'pi naikaM (kA) tad vastu iti 'ehi, manye rathena yAsyasi nahi yAsyasi yAtaste pitA' iti ca prayogo na yuktaH api tu 'ehi manyase yathAhaM rathena yAsyAmi' ityanenaiva parabhAvenaitanirdeSTavyam / evamupagrahaNabhedepi 'viramati' iti na yukta AtmArthatAyAM hi 'viramate' ityasyaiva prayogasaMgateH / natvevaM lokazAstravyavahAravilopa iti vaktavyam, sarvatraiva nayamate tadvilopasya samAnatvAditi yathArthazabdanAt zabdanayo vyavasthitaH / taduktam - virodhiliMga-saMkhyAdibhedAt bhinnasvabhAvatAm / tasyaiva manyamAnoyaM zabdaH pratyavatiSThate // [ ] [ samabhirUDhanayAbhiprAya: 1 ekasaMjJAsamabhirohaNAt samabhirUDhastvAha yathA hi viruddhaliMgAdiyogAd bhidyate vastu tathA hogA' vaha prayogavacana anucita hai, kyoki yaj dhAtu se ina pratyaya bhUtakAla meM kiyA gayA hai jaba ki 'janitA' bhaviSyakA sUcaka pratyaya hai, kintu vAstava meM atIta - anAgatakAla kA anyonya saMsarga nahIM hotA / kArakAdi ke bheda se vastubheda - zabdanaya saMkhyAbheda se vastubheda kI taraha kArakabheda se bhI vastubheda hotA hai, ataH jo eka kAraka se AkrAnta vastu grAmAdi hai vaha anyakAraka se akrAnta nahIM bana sakatI / vyAkaraNakAroM ne 'adhiupasarga ke sAtha 'zIG' dhAtu kA prayoga hone para adhikaraNakAraka yukta grAmarUpa artha vAcaka 'grAma' zabda ko ' grAmamadhizete' isa prakAra dvitIyAvibhakti karane ke liye grAma kI vahA~ karma saMjJA banA liyA hai / [ 'adheH zIG-sthAsaH AdhAra : '- haima0 2-2-20 tathA 'adhizIGsthAsAM karma' pANini 1 4 46 ] / zabdanaya isakA virodha karatA hai, grAma meM adhikaraNakAraka ko sUcita karane ke liye adhikaraNavAcaka saptamI vibhakti kA hI prayoga honA cAhiye kyoMki adhikaraNa aura karma ye bhinna bhinna kAraka eka vastu meM samAviSTa nahIM ho sakate / ataH ' grAmamadhizete' yaha prayoga asaMgata hI hai kyoMki adhikaraNakArakAkrAnta grAma vastu, karmakArakasUcaka dvitIyAvibhaktivAle ' grAmam' pada se vAcya nahIM ho sakatA / kArakabheda kI taraha puruSabheda se bhI vastubheda hotA hai, puruSabheda rahane para vastu eka nahIM ho sakatI / pANiniRSine 1- 4- 106 sUtra meM 'manya' dhAtu ke hote huye ' yAsyAmi' ke sthAna meM ' yAsyasi' isa prakAra dvitIya ( = madhyama ) puruSa ke pratyaya kA vidhAna kiyA hai- tathA 'manya' dhAtu ko vahA~ madhyamapuruSa ke badale uttama puruSa kA vidhAna kiyA hai- prayoga aisA hai - 'ehi manye rathena yAsyasi na hi yAsyasi yAtaste pitA' [ = Aiye, Apa samajhate haiM ki ratha se jAU~gA lekina Apa nahIM jAyeMge kyoMki Apa ke pitA ratha lekara cala gaye haiM / ) zabdanaya kahatA hai ki yaha prayAga ThIka nahIM hai, 'manyase yathAhaM rathena yAsyAmi' aisA hi prayoga karake 'tU samajhatA hai ki maiM ratha se jAu~gA' isa prakAra parabhAva se yAnI uttama puruSa se anya puruSa kA hI nirdeza karanA cAhiye, aura isaliye 'manye' ke badale 'manyase' kA prayoga honA cAhiye evaM ' yAsyasi' ke badale 'yAsyAmi' kA - uttamapuruSa kA dvitIyapuruSa ke vizeSaNarUpa meM prayoga honA cAhiye / [ dhyAna meM raheM ki siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana meM pANini kI taraha alaga sUtra nahIM banAyA hai kintu trINa trINi anyayusmadasmadi' ( 3-3- 17) sUtra kI bRhadvRtti meM usakA nirdeza kiyA hai / ] tathA 'ram' dhAtu ko idita hone se Atmanepada ke pratyaya lagate haiM kintu 'vyAGpare rama:' ( 3-3-105 ) isa siddhama0 sUtra se 'viramati - Aramati - pariramati' isa prakAra tIna upasargoM ke sAtha ram dhAtu ko parasmaipada

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zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam 394 saMjJAbhedAdapi / tathAhi - saMjJAbhedaH prayojanavazAt saMketakartRbhirvidhIyate na vyasanitayA, anyathA'navasthAprasakteH tato yAvanto vastunaH svAbhidhAyakAH zabdAstAvanto'rthabhedAH, pratyarthaM zabdanivezAt / naikasyArthasyAnekenAbhidhAnaM yuktamiti 'ghaTa:- kuTaH - kumbhaH' iti vacanabhedAd bhinna evArthaH / kriyAzabdatvAdvA sarvazabdAnAM sarve'pyanvarthA eva vAcakAH tato ghaTate kuTati - kau bhAti iti ca kriyAlakSaNanimittabhedAt naimittikenApyarthena bhinnena bhAvyamiti 'ghaTaH' ityukte kutaH 'kuTa:' iti pratipattiH ?, tena tadartha - syAnabhihitatvAt / yathA vA 'pAvaka' zabdokteranyaiva pAvakazaktiranvayavyatirekAbhyAM lokataH prasiddhA tathA ghaTana - kuTanAdizaktInAmapi bhedaH pratIyata eveti nAnArthavAcina eva paryAyadhvanayaH naikamarthamabhinivezanta iti samabhirUDhaH / uktaM ca [ ] pratyaya lagAye jAte haiM / zabdanaya ko yaha mAnya nahIM hai, kyoMki upagrahabheda ke bAre meM bhI AtmArthaka viramaNAdi kriyA ko sUcita karane ke liye Atmanepada kA hI prayoga, jaise ki 'viramate' Adi honA saMgata hai / Atmanepada aura parasmaipada se vyaMgya AtmArthatA aura parArthatA ko upagraha kahate haiM / yadi kaheM ki - ' isa prakAra viramate, manyase, yAsyAmi grAme adhizete.. ityAdi prayoga kareMge to usameM vyAkaraNazAstra kA atikramaNa hogA, aura vyAkaraNazAstra jisa lokavyavahAra ko adhIna hokara calatA hai usa loka vyavahAra kA bhI vilopana hogA' - to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kisI bhI naya kA mata aisA nahIM hai jisa meM, kahIM na kahIM vyAkaraNa yA lokavyavahAra kA atikramaNa na hotA ho- jaise lokavyavahAra to ghaTapaTAdi ko sthAyI mAnane kA hai phira bhI RjusUtrAdinaya unheM kSaNika mAnate haiM / bhedavyavahAra suprasiddha hone para bhI saMgrahanaya abheda kA hI samarthana karatA hai... ityAdi / uktarIti se, yathArtha zabdanirUpaNa karanevAlA hone se yaha naya zabdanaya kahA jAtA hai| jaise kahA hai - 'viruddha liMga-saMkhyAdi ke bheda se vastukI hI bhinnasvabhAvatA (yAnI bhinnatA) mAnane vAlA yaha zabdanaya vastu kI pratiSThA karatA hai / ' - samabhirUDhanaya - saMjJAbheda se vastubheda eka vastu kI eka hI saMjJA kA - yAnI saMjJAbheda se arthabheda para ArohaNa karanevAlA 'samabhirUDha' naya kahatA hai- jaise liMgabheda - saMkhyAbheda Adi se vastubheda mAnA gayA hai vaise hI saMjJAbheda se bhI vastubheda mAnanA cAhiye / kaise yaha dekhiye - 'sakatakarttA vyutpanna jana bhinna bhinna prayojana se bhinna bhinna saMjJA karate haiM, sirpha zaukha ke liye nahIM karate / zaukha ke liye karate to saMjJA meM ekarUpatA na rahane se eka eka arthake liye taraha taraha ke loga taraha taraha kI saMjJA karate rahate aura sArI vyavasthA kA bhaMga ho kara anavasthA ho jAtI / isaliye yaha phalita hotA hai eka ke liye taraha taraha kI saMjJA kisI ko icchanIya nahIM hai vastu ataH vastu ko sUcita karanevAle jitane bhI zabda haiM utane hI arthabheda hote haiM, kyoMki eka eka alaga alaga artha ko sUcita karane ke liye hI alaga alaga saMjJA kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| [ jaise sirpha jalavahana ke kAma meM AnevAle artha ke liye 'ghaTa' saMjJA prayukta kI jAtI hai, kintu bhagavadbhakti meM kAma AnevAle zAntikalaza kI 'kalaza' saMjJA prayukta hotI hai / ] athavA sAmAnyataH 'nAriyala ' aura 'zrIphala' ekArthaka mAne jAte haiM kintu 'nAriyala' zabda sirpha eka phalavizeSa ke liye hI prayukta hotA hai jaba ki prabhAvanAdi maMgala kAryoM meM 'zrIphala' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / ] Jain Educationa International - For Personal and Private Use Only

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dvitIyaH khaNDaH - kA0 - 3 tathAvidhasya tasyApi vastunaH kSaNavRttinaH / brUte samabhirUDhastu saMjJAbhedena bhinnatAm // [ evaMbhUtanayAbhiprAyaH ] zabdAbhidheyakriyApariNativelAyAmeva ' tad vastu' iti bhUta evaMbhUtaH prAha yathA saMjJAbhedAd bhedavad vastu tathA kriyAbhedAdapi / sA ca kriyA taddhetrI yadaiva tAmAvizati tadaiva tannimittaM tattadvayapapadezamAsAdayati / nAnyadetyatiprasaMgAt / tathAhi - yadA 'ghaTate' tadaivAsau 'ghaTa' na punaH 'ghaTitavAn ' 'ghaTipyate' vA 'ghaTaH' iti vyapadeSTuM yuktaH sarvavastUnAM ghaTatApattiprasaMgAt / api ca ceSTAsamaya eva cakSurAdivyApArasamudbhUtazabdAnuviddhapratyayamAskandanti ceSTAvantaH padArthAH / yathAvasthitArthapratibhAsa eva ca vastUnAM - samabhirUDhanaya mAnatA hai ki eka hI artha kA aneka zabdoM se pratipAdana karanA anucita hai, ataH ghaTa-kuTa-kumbha ityAdi zabdabheda se artha bhI bhinna bhinna hotA hai / athavA ghaTAdi sarva zabda vibhinna kriyAvAcaka hone se, apanI apanI vibhinna vyutpatti ke anusAra bhinna bhinna artha ke hI vAcaka haiM / ghaTAdi zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra hai- 'ghaTate' iti ghaTa:- yAnI jo jalAharaNa ceSTA karatA hai / 'kuTati' iti kuTa:, yAnI jo kuTana kriyAnvita hotA hai / tathA 'bhAti' iti kumbhaH yAnI jo pRthvItala para jhamaka rahA hai / isa prakAra tInoM kI vyutpatti meM kriyAsvarUpa nimitta bhinna bhinna hai isaliye usakA naimittika arthAt nimittaprayojya artha bhI bhinna bhinna honA cAhiye / isa sthiti meM 'ghaTa' zabda ke uccAra se kuTa kA bodha kaise hogA ? jaba ki kuTa kA to ghaTazabda se pratipAdana huA nahIM / 395 jaise sAmAnya agni ke bodha ke liye agnizabda kA prayoga hotA hai, kintu jaba 'pAvaka' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai taba pavitratAkAraka zaktivizeSa kA hI anvaya- vyatireka se bodha hotA hai, bhale hI loga meM 'agni' aura 'pAvaka' zabda paryAyavAcI kahe jAte ho / isI taraha ghaTana- kuTana Adi zaktiyoM meM bhI bheda spaSTa pratIta hotA hai, isaliye paryAyavAcI mAne jAne vAle ghaTa-kuTa Adi zabda vAstava meM bhinnArthaka hI haiM, eka artha ke abhinivezI yAnI bodhaka nahIM hai - yaha samabhiruDha naya kA vaktavya hai / kahA hai. - "kSaNika evaM liMgAdibheda se bhinna vastu kA bhI, samabhirUDhanaya saMjJAbheda se bheda mAnatA hai / " evaMbhUta - zabdavAcyakriyA se AviSTa ho vahI vastu Jain Educationa International ' evaMbhUta' zabda meM ' evaM ' zabda kriyApariNati kA vAcaka hai, aura 'bhUta' zabda AkrAnta athavA mudrita artha kA vAcaka hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki, zabda kisI na kisI dhAtu se banA hotA hai aura dhAtu kriyArthaka hotA hai, ataH koI bhI zabda kisI eka kriyA kA sUcana karatA hai - jaise 'zAstra' zabda zAsana aura trANa kriyA kA vAcaka hotA hai / evaMbhUta naya kahatA hai ki kisI eka zabda se sUcita kriyA meM jaba koI vastu pariNata ho tabhI vaha usa zabda kI vAcya hotI hai anyathA nahIM, jaise 'pAcaka' zabda se pAkakarttA vAcya tabhI hotA hai jaba vaha pAkakarttA caitrAdi vyakti pacanakriyA- pakAne kI kriyA kara rahA ho / anya kAla meM usake liye 'pAcaka' zabda kA prayoga aupacArika ho jAtA hai, vAstava nahIM / evaMbhUtanaya upacAra ko mAnya nahIM karatA / ataH usakA kahanA yaha hai ki saMjJAbheda se jaba vastubheda samabhirUDhanaya meM mAnya hai to eka kadama Age bar3ha *. kuTU prathamagaNa ke dhAtu kA artha hai 1 bakra honA, 2 TeDhA karanA yA jhukAnA, 3- beimAnI karanA yA dhokhA denA / kisI eka kuTanakriyA se anvita ho vaha kuTa hai 1 For Personal and Private Use Only

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396 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vyavasthApako nAnyathAbhUtaH, anyathA aceSTAvatopi ceSTAvattayA zabdAnuviddhedhyakSapratyaye pratibhAsasyAbhyupagame tatpratyayasya nirviSayatayA bhrAntasyApi vastuvyavasthApakatve sarvaH pratyayaH sarvasyArthasya vyavasthApakaH syAdityatiprasaMgaH / tana ghaTanasamayAt prAk pazcAd vA 'ghaTaH' tavyapadezamAsAdayatItyevaMbhUtanayamatam / uktaM ca [ ] 'ekasyApi dhvanervAcyaM sadA tanopapayate / kriyAbhedena bhinnatvAdevaMbhUtobhimanyate // iti / tat sthitametat RjusUtrAdayaH paryAyAstikasya vikalpA iti / asyAca gAthAyAH sarvameva zAstraM vivaraNam / kara kriyAbheda se bhI vastubheda svIkAra karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra vaha vastubhedaka kriyA jaba vastu meM AviSTa hotI hai tabhI usa kriyArUpa nimitta ke AdhAra para kriyAvAcaka zabda-prayoga ke liye vaha vastu yogya banatI hai, anyakAla meM nahIM / yadi pacana Adi kriyA ke abhAva meM bhI kisI ke liye yathA tathA 'pAcaka' Adi zabdaprayoga ucita mAnA jAya taba to phira pacana Adi kriyAzUnya hara kisI cIja ke liye bhI yathA tathA 'pAcaka' Adi zabda prayoga meM aucityapraveza kA atiprasaMga ho sakatA hai / kaise yaha dekhiye- jaba 'ghaTate' -ghaTanakriyA se AviSTa hai tabhI vaha ghaTazabdavAcya hai, kintu 'ghaTitavAn' yAnI bhUtakAlIna ghaTanakriyA kA AdhAra athavA 'ghaTiSyate' yAnI bhAvikAlIna ghaTanakriyA kA AdhAra 'ghaTa' zabda prayoga ke liye yogya nahIM hai, kyoMki aise to sabhI vastu meM ghaTatA (ghaTazabdavAcyatA) kI Apatti hogI / saca dekhA jAya to, vastu jaba ceSTAtmaka kriyA- jo ki 'ghaTa' dhAtu kA vAcyArtha hai, se AviSTa hotI hai tabhI netrAdi ke saMnikarSa se 'ye padArtha saceSTa haiM' aisI zabdollekhAnuviddha yathArtha pratIti hotI hai / yathAvasthitArtha pratIti hI vastu kI vyavasthAkAraka ho sakatI hai, ayathArthapratIti nahIM anyathA, ceSTAzUnya padArtha kA saceSTarUpa se zabdAnuviddha pratyakSapratIti meM yadi pratibhAsa hotA hai aisA mAneMge to vaha pratIti viSayarahita hone se bhrAnta hogI aura bhrAntapratIti ko yadi vastu-vyavasthAkAraka mAneMge to hara koI pratIti hara eka vastu kI vyavasthApaka bana jAne kA atiprasaMga hogA / isa se bacane ke liye evaMbhUtanaya kahatA hai ki ghaTana (ceSTA) kAla ke pahale yA bAda meM vastu kabhI 'ghaTa' zabdaprayoga kI varamAlA ke liye yogya nahIM hotI / kahA hai 'evaMbhUta kA abhimata aisA hai- vastu sadA ke liye eka zabda se vAcya nahIM hotI, kyoMki kriyAbheda se vastu bhinna hotI hai|' ___ ukta rIti se sabhI RjusUtrAdi cAra naya uttarottara bhedadRSTi ko vizAla banA kara bArIka paryAyoM ko chA~Tate rahate haiM isaliye ve saba paryAyAstikanaya ke hI vikalpa yAnI prakAra athavA upabheda haiM- yaha sunizcita hai| ___ vyAkhyAkAra kahate haiM ki mUla cauthI gAthA se lekara pUrA sammatigrantha isa titthayaravayaNa0 tRtIyagAthA kA hI vivaraNa-vistAra rUpa hai, kyoMki agrima mUla grantha meM bahudhA dravyArthika- paryAyArthika nayoM ke bhedopabheda kA hI vivecana- vyutpAdana kiyA jAyegA / arthAt una nayoM ke nAma liye vinA bhI una ke mantavyoM kA vimarza kiyA jaayegaa| [tRtIyagAthAvivaraNa samApta

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-4 397 caturthI gAthA 'davvaDhio ya pajjavaNao ya' ityAdipazcAddhaikadezasya vivaraNAya Aha sUriH - davvaTTiyanayapayaDI suddhA sNghpruuvnnaaviso| paDirUve puNa vayaNathanicchao tassa vavahAro // 4 // avayavArthastu- dravyAstikanayasya vyAvarNitasvarUpasya prakRtiH = svabhAvaH zuddhA ityasaMkIrNA vizeSA'saMsparzavatI saMgrahasya = abhedagrAhinayasya prarUpaNA = prarUpyate'nayeti kRtvA upavarNanA padasaMhatiH tasyA viSayo-'bhidheyaH viSayAkAreNa viSayiNo vRttasya viSayavyavasthApakatvAdupacAreNa viSayeNa viSayiprakathanametat, anyathA kA prastAvaH zuddhadravyAstike'bhidhAtuM prakrAnte saMgrahanarUpaNAviSayAbhidhAnasya ? zuddha-azuddha dravyAstika saMgraha-vyavahAra tIsarI gAthA ke uttarArdha meM 'davaDio ya pajjavaNao ya' aisA jo vAkyAMza hai usa ke ekabhAga kA yAnI dravyArthika kA vivaraNa aba mUlagranthakAra AcArya siddhasena cauthI gAthA se kahate haiM- gAthAsUtra kA vAkyArtha isa prakAra hai "dravyAstika naya kI zuddha prakRti saMgrahanaya kI prarUpaNA kA viSaya hai aura prati vastu hone vAlA zabdArthanizcaya usa saMgraha kA vyavahAra yAnI vistArIkaraNa hai" // 4 // "isa gAthAsUtra kA tAtparyArtha saMkSepa meM itanA hI hai ki saMgrahanaya kA pratyaya (abhiprAya) zuddha dravyAstika naya hai aura vyavahAranaya kA pratyaya azuddha dravyAstika hai / zrI vyAkhyAkAra maharSi pahale isa gAthA ke pUrvArdha kA avayavArtha dikhAte haiM (bAda meM uttarArdha kA dikhAyeMge) 'dravyAstikanaya' jisa kA zabdArtha evaM svarUpa pahale kaha Aye haiM, usakI prakRti yAnI svabhAva, kaisA svabhAva'zuddha, yAnI vizeSa ke sparza se alipta-asaMkIrNa-amizrita' aisA svabhAva- abhedagrAhI saMgrahanayaprarUpaNA kI sImA meM usakA sthAna hai / jisa se vastu kA bayAna kiyA jAya usako prarUpaNA kahate haiM / arthAt artha ke tathAbhAva kI nikaTa meM ho aisA varNana (upavarNana) karane vAlI padAvalI / usa padAvalI kA viSaya hai zuddha svabhAva, yahA~ viSaya yAnI usa padAvalI kA abhidheya - vAcya hai / dravyAstika nayasvabhAva ko yahA~ viSaya kahA hai aura aura usake vyavasthApaka rUpa meM saMgrahanayaprarUpaNA ko viSayI batAyA hai, kintu yaha pUrA saca nahIM hai kyoMki jo viSayI viSayAkAra se vRtta yAnI pariNata hotA hai vahI viSaya kA vyavasthApaka ho sakatA hai aura vaisA to pramANabhUta jJAna hI hotA hai, isaliye jJAna kA viSaya dravyAstika naya dikhAnA cAhiye, kintu yahA~ jJAna prarUpaNAdhIna hone ke kAraNa upacAra se dravyAstika ke viSaya ko lekara prarUpaNA ko viSayI batAyA gayA hai| agara aisA nahIM hotA to zuddhadravyAstika ke svarUpa ko darzAne ke prastAva meM pramANabhUta jJAnasvarUpa viSayI kA nirdeza karane ke badale saMgrahanaya kI prarUpaNA kA viSaya kahane kI jarUra kyA hotI !!

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398 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam [ saMgrahasya sattAmAtraviSayakatvopadarzanam ] subantasya tiGantasya vA padasya vAkyasya vA prarUpaNAsvabhAvasya viSayaH saMgrahAbhiprAyeNa bhAva eva / tathAhi - jAti-dravyaguNa-kriyAparibhASitarUpeNa svArtha-dravya-liMga-karmAdiprakAreNa vA subantasya yo'rthaH sa bhAvAd vyatirikto vA bhavedavyatirikto vA ? yadi vyatiriktastadA nirupAkhyatvAdatyantAbhAvavat na dravyAdirUpa iti kathaM subantavAcyaH ? avyatiriktazcet kathaM na bhAvamAtratA subantArthasya ? tiGantArthasyApi kriyA-kAlakAraka-puruSa-upagraha-vacanAdirUpeNa paribhASyamANasya sattArUpataiva / tathAhi - 'pacati' ityatra kriyA viklittilakSaNA, kAla ArambhaprabhRtira(pa)vargaparyanto vartamAnasvarUpaH, kArakaM kartA, puruSaH parabhAvAtmakaH, upagrahaH parArthatA, vacanamekatvam yadyapi pratipattiviSayaH, tathApi sattvamevaitat / yataH kriyA hyasatI cet kArakairna sAdhyeta khapuSpAdivat, satI cet astitvameva sA kArakaizvAbhivyajyata iti / evaM kAlAdayopyasantazced na zazazRMgAd bhigheran sadAtmakAzcet kathaM na astitvAdabhinnA iti sattaiva tiGantasyArthaH / 'ghaTosti iti vAkyArthe yad vAkyaM prayujyate 'ghaTaH san' iti, tatra bhAvAbhidhAyitA padadvayasyA *sattAmAtravastuvAdI-saMgrahanayaprarUpaNA vyAkaraNazAstra meM su-au-jas ityAdi prathamAdi sAta vibhaktivAle padoM ko subantapada kahate haiM aura ti-tas-anti Adi pratyayavAle padoM ko tiGanta pada kahate haiM / saMgrahanaya kahatA hai ki prarUpaNAsvabhAvanAle subanta-tiGanta pada athavA vAkya kA viSaya vAstava meM bhAva hI hotA hai| vyAkaraNa kI paribhASA ke anusAra jAti-dravya-guNa-kriyA athavA svArtha-dravya-liMga-karmAdi ye saba subantapada kA artha hai usake Upara saMgrahanayavAdI kahatA hai ki ye artha bhAva (sattAmAtra) se bhinna hai yA abhinna haiM ? yadi bhitra hai, taba to subanta kA artha sattAvihIna hone se arthAt asat hone se atyantAbhAva kI taraha nirupAkhya yAnI avAcya hI bana jAyegA, una ko dravyAdirUpa nahIM batA sakeMge / taba dravyAdirUpa artha ko subantavAcya kaise kaha sakeMge ? yadi bhAva (yAnI sattA) se subantavAcya artha abhinna haiM taba to bhAvamAtra hI subanta kA artha kyoM nahIM hogA ? saMgrahanaya ko to vahI iSTa hai / vyAkaraNazAsra meM jo tiGantapada ke kriyA-kAla-kAraka-puruSa-upagraha-vacanAdirUpa artha dikhAye haiM ve bhI sattArUpa hI hai / kaise yaha dekhiye - 'pacati' (= vaha pakAtA hai), yahA~ viklitti yAnI avayavazaithilya yaha kriyA hai, viklitti kriyA ke Arambha se le kara anta taka vartamAnakAla hai / kartA kAraka hai / puruSa hai parabhAva, uttamapuruSa (ahaM) se bhitra (adhama-madhyama) puruSa ko parabhAva kahate haiN| upagraha parArthatArUpa hai, Atmanepada se vyaMgya AtmArthatA aura parasmaipada se abhivyaMgya parArthatA- ye upagraha kahe jAte haiM, pacati meM parasmaipada se parArthatA vyaMgya hotI hai / 'pacati' meM ekavacana ekatvasaMkhyAsUcaka hai / yadyapi yahA~ tiGanta se ina sabhI kI pratIti hotI hai kintu ye saba sattvarUpa hI haiM / kAraNa, kriyA yadi sat nahIM hotI to gaganakusuma kI taraha vaha kArakavyApAra se niSpanna nahIM hoMgI / yadi sat hoMgI taba to vahI astitvarUpa artha huA jo kArakoM se abhivyakta hotA hai / kriyA kI taraha tiGantArthabhUta kAlAdi bhI sata nahIM hoMge to unakI hAlata gaganakasama jaisI hogii| aura yadi sata hoMge to astitva se bhinna na hone se sattA hI tiGanta kA artha phalita hogA jo saMgrahanaya ko iSTa hai| pada ke artha kI bAta huI to aba vAkyArtha kI bAta bhI dekhiye- 'ghaTo'sti' (=ghaTa hai) aise vAkyArtha ke liye jo 'ghaTa: san' aisA vAkya prayukta hotA hai- yahA~ Ta:' aura 'sat' ye donoM pada bhAvamAtra ke hI

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-4 399 pi / tathAhi - 'ghaTaH' iti vizeSaNam 'san' iti vizeSyam atra dvayenApi cAbhAvaviparItena bhAvyam / na hyanyathA tad vizeSaNam nApi tad vizeSyaM syAt nirupAkhyatvAt atyantAbhAvavat / yadi punarabhAvaviparItaM tadiSyate, vizeSaNa-vizaSyayoH kathaM na bhAvarUpatA ? tena yadeva ghaTasya bhAvo ghaTatvaM tadeva 'ghaTaH', yacca sato bhAvaH sattvaM tadeva 'san' iti sarvatra saMgrahAbhiprAyataH prarUpaNAviSayo bhAva eva / uktaM caitat samayasadbhAvamabhidhAvatA anyenApi, [vAkyapadIya- dvi0 kA0 zlo0 119] astyarthaH sarvazabdAnAmiti pratyAyyalakSaNam / apUrvadevatAzabdaiH(?svarga;) sama(prA?)mAhurgavAdiSu // ghaTAdInAM na cAkArAt(?n) pratyAyati vAcakaH / vastumAtranivezitvAt tadgatirnAntarIyakaiH // [vAkyapadIya dvi0 kA0 zlo0 123] ata eva "yatra vizeSakriyA naiva zrUyate tatrAstirbhavantIparaH prathamapuruSe'prayujyamAnopyastIti gamyate" [ ] ityuktaM zabdasamayavedibhiH / avagatizcaivaM yuktA yadi sattAM padArtho na vyabhicareta, avyabhicAre ca tadAvezAt tadAtmakataiva sattAparityAge vA svarUpahAnamiti sanmAtramevAdhyakSasya zabdasya vA viSayaH antarnItAzeSam apRthagvyavasthApitamadhurAdirasapAnakadravyavat / bhedapratibhAsastu bhedapratipAdakAgamopahatAntaHkaraNAnAM timiropaplutadRzAmekazazalAMchanamaNDalasyAnekatvAvabhAsanavat asatya iti sarvabhedAn apahRvAnaH vAcaka haiM / kaise yaha dekhiye- 'ghaTaH' yaha vizeSaNa hai 'san' yaha vizeSya hai, ye donoM abhAva yAnI asat se viparIta hone cAhiye, anyathA na to ghaTa vizeSaNa ho sakegA aura na 'sat' vizeSya ho sakegA, kyoMki atyantAbhAva jaise asat yAnI nirupAkhya hotA hai vaise ve vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhI atyantAbhAvaviparIta nahIM hoMge to nirupAkhya bana jAne se 'ghaTa: san' vAkya ke vAcya nahIM raheMge / yadi ve abhAvaviparIta haiM aisA mAna liyA jAya taba to vizeSaNa-vizeSya donoM 'bhAva'rUpa nahIM hoMge to kyA hoMge ? ata: 'ghaTasya bhAvo' (ghaTa kA bhAva) ghaTatva vahI 'ghaTa:' pada kA artha hai aura sat kA bhAva sattva vahI 'san' pada kA artha hai, isaliye pUrA vAkyArtha bhI bhAvarUpa hI hai / saMgrahanaya ke abhiprAya se isa prakAra bhAva hI prarUpaNA kA viSaya hai / anyadArzanikoM kA astyarthavAcakatA meM samarthana * zAstroM ke sadbhAva ko abhimukha bane huye anyajanoM ne yAnI bhartRhari ne apane vAkyapadIya grantha ke dvitIya kANDa kI 119 aura 123 vIM kArikA se isI tathya kA nirdeza kiyA hai - ____"sabhI zabdoM ke vAcya kA svarUpa 'asti' artha hai (arthAt AkAravizeSaparAmarzazUnya arthasAmAnya hI zabdamAtra kA vAcya hai / ) 'go' Adi padoM meM bhI vAcya arthasAmAnya apUrva, devatA, svarga padArthoM ke tulya hI hotA hai / (arthAt apUrvAdipadoM se jaise AkAra vizeSa kA bhAna nahIM hotA sirpha atIndriya arthasAmAnya kA hI bhAna hotA hai vaise hI 'go' Adi padoM meM bhI hotA hai / phira bhI 'go' Adi padoM se jo AkAravizeSa 'catuSpadAdi' kA bhAna hotA hai vaha to padazravaNa se avagata arthasAmAnya ke avinAbhAvI hone se smRti dvArA hotA hai|" ___"vAcaka zabda, ghaTAdi ke prasiddha AkAravizeSa kA bhAna nahIM karAtA, kyoMki ghaTAdivAcaka zabda vastumAtranivezI yAnI pRthubunodarAkArasvarUpa arthasAmAnya mAtra meM hI saMketita hote haiM / phira bhI (vahA~ jalAharaNazakti Adi) vizeSAkAroM kA jo bhAna hotA hai vaha unake arthasAmAnya ke avinAbhAvI hone ke kAraNa hotA hai|"

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam sarva sanmAtratayA saMgRhNan saMgrahaH zuddhA dravyAstikaprakRtiriti sthitam / tAmevAzuddhAM 'paDirUvaM puNa' ityAdigAthApazcArddhana darzayatyAcAryaH, pratirUpaM = prativimba pratinidhiriti yAvat / vizeSeNa ghaTAdinA dravyeNa saMkIrNA sattA, punariti prakRtiM smArayati / tenAyamarthaH vizeSeNa-saMkIrNA sattA prakRtiH svabhAvaH vacanArthanizcayaH iti, heyopAdeyopekSaNIyavastuviSayanivRttipravRttyupekSAlakSaNavyavahArasampAdanArthamucyata iti vacanam tasya 'ghaTaH' iti vibhaktarUpatayA 'asti' i. tyavibhaktAtmatayA pratIyamAno vyavahArakSamaH arthastasya nizcayaH nirgataH = pRthagbhUtaH cayaH = paricchedaH, tasya iti dravyAstikasya vyavahAraH iti lokaprasiddhavyavahArapravartanaparaH nayaH / isIliye pAtaMjalamahAbhASyakArAdi zabdazAsravettAoM ne yaha kahA hai ki jahA~ ('zveta azva" Adi sthaloM meM) vizeSa kriyAsUcaka kriyApada kA zravaNa nahIM hotA vahA~ 'bhavantI' artha (yAnI sattArtha) sUcaka prathamapuruSavAlA 'asti' pada aprayukta hone para bhI adhyAhAra se- hotA hai- yaha samajhA jAtA hai / " yahA~ adhyAhAra se 'asti' kA bhAna tabhI ho sakatA hai yadi padArtha astyartha sattA kA avyabhicArI ho / avyabhicAra kA svIkAra karane para to sattA ke Aveza se azvAdi artha sattAtmaka hai yaha phalita ho jAtA hai / yadi vaha sattArahita hogA to apane svarUpa se cyuta ho jAyegA / ataH niSkarSa yaha hai ki 'sat' mAtra hI pratyakSa kA athavA zabda kA pratipAdya viSaya hotA hai jisa meM sakala vizeSa antarbhUta hue rahate haiM jaise ki 'peyA' Adi zabda se sirpha pAnakadravya kA hI bhAna hotA hai, jisa pAnakadravya meM abhinnarUpa se madhurarasAdi dharma avasthita hote haiN| yadi kaheM ki- 'ghaTa-paTAdi bhedoM kA bhI sphuTa pratibhAsa pratyakSa yA zabda se hotA hai to arthasAmAnya yAnI sattAmAtra kA hI pratibhAsa kaise mAnA jAya ?'- to uttara yaha hai ki jaise 'timira' roga se AkrAnta netra vAle puruSa ko candramaMDala dekha kara anekatA kA yAnI bheda kA mithyA pratibhAsa hotA hai vaise hI 'pratipAdaka apane apane zAstroM se jina ke anta:karaNa bahudhA vAsita ho jAtA haiM unako bheda kA mithyA pratibhAsa hotA hai, vaha vAstava meM bheda- sthApaka nahIM hotA hai / ___ isa prakAra sabhI bhedoM kA tiraskAra kara ke sabhI ko sirpha sattAmAtra ke rUpa meM saMgRhIta karane-vAlA saMgrahanaya zuddha dravyAstika prakRti hai- yaha siddha hotA hai| azuddha dravyArthika - vyavahAranaya kA abhiprAya vyAkhyAkAra aba mUla gAthA ke uttarArdha kA zabdArtha karake vyavahAranaya kA abhiprAya dikhA rahe haiM- dravyAstika naya kI azuddhaprakRti paDirUvaM puNa... ityAdi uttarArdha se batAyI jA rahI hai / [mUla gAthA ke AdarzoM meM 'paDirUve' pATha hone para bhI vyAkhyA ke AdarzoM meM 'paDirUvaM' pATha hai / ] 'paDirUva' prAkRtabhASA kA saMskRtarUpa 'pratirUpa' hotA hai, usa kA artha hai pratibimba athavA pratinidhi / sattA vyApaka rUpa se sarvagata hai, usake jo ghaTAdi vividharUpa haiM, vizeSata: una ghaTAdi dravyoM kI sattA vyApaka na ho kara kucha saMkIrNa bana jAtI hai / yahA~ 'punaH' - zabda dravyAstikanaya kI 'prakRti' kA ullekha kara rahA hai / vAkyArtha aisA yahA~ phalita hotA hai ki ghaTAdivizeSa se saMkIrNa banI huI sattA yaha jisakI viSayabhUta prakRti yAnI svabhAva hai vaisA jo vacanArthanizcaya, yahI usakA yAnI dravyAstika kA vyavahAra hai / vacanArthanizcaya pada meM vacana se yahA~ abhipreta hai heyavastuviSayaka nivRtti, upAdeya vastuviSayaka pravRtti aura upekSaNIyavastu viSayaka upekSA - ina tIna vyavahAroM ke pravartana ke liye jo uccArita

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dvitIyaH khaNDa:-kA0-4 401 ___ so'bhimanyate yadi hi heyopAdeyopekSaNIyasvarUpAH parasparato vibhinna svabhAvAH sadrUpatayA zabdaprabhave saMvedane bhAvAH pratibhAnti tato nivRtti-pravRttyupekSAlakSaNo vyavahArastadviSayapravRttimAsAdayati nAnyathA / na caikAntataH sanmAtrA'viziSTeSu bhAveSu saMgrahAbhimateSu pRthak svarUpatayA paricchedo'bAdhitarUpo vyavahAranibandhanaM sambhavatIti / tathAhi - yadyadyA(?dA)kAranirapekSatayA svagrAhiNi jJAne pratibhAsamAdhatte tat tathaiva 'sat' iti vyavaharttavyam yathA pratiniyatasattAdirUpam, ghaTAdyAkAranirapekSaM ca paTAdikaM svAvabhAsini jJAne svarUpaM saMnivezayatIti svabhAvahetuH / ghaTAdinirapekSatvaM ca paTAdeH ghaTAyabhAvepi bhAvAt avabhAsa(mA?)nAcca siddham / ___ yadvA pratizabdo vIpsAyAm rUpazabdazca vastunyatra pravartate / tenAyamarthaH rUpaM rUpaM prati, vastu vastu prati yo vacanArthanizcayaH tasya prakRti(:) svabhAvaH sa vyavahAra iti / tathAhi - pratirUpameva hotA hai vaha vacana, usa kA jo artha- vizeSarUpa se 'ghaTa' aura sAmAnyarUpa se 'asti' aisI pratIti karAnevAlA vyavahArocita artha, usa artha kA nizcaya- 'nis' yAnI nirgata-pRthagbhUta, caya yAnI pariccheda bodha / mUlagAthA meM 'tasya' pada kA artha hai 'dravyAstika kA' tathA 'vyavahAra' zabda se abhipreta hai lokaprasiddhavyavahAra pravartanazIla (jJAnAtmaka) naya / _vyavahAranaya mAnatA hai- zabdajanya saMvedana meM yadi heya-upAdeya-upekSyasvarUpa anyonya bhedazAlI padArtha sadrUpa se jaba bhAsita hote haiM tabhI nivRtti-pravRtti aura upekSAtmaka tathAvidhapadArthasaMbandhI vyavahAra pravRtta ho sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM / yadi padArtha sabhI ekAntataH 'sat' rUpa se aviziSTa yAnI sat sAmAnyarUpa hI hoteM- jaisA ki saMgrahanayavAdI ko abhISTa hai- taba to vyavahAra ke prANabhUta vividharUpa se hone vAle abAdhita pariccheda (=nizcaya) kA udaya sambhava hI nahIM hotA / kaise yaha dekhiye- jo apane grAhaka jJAna meM jisa AkAra ko nirapekSa raha kara pratibhAsita hotA hai vaha usa AkAra se nirapekSarUpa meM hI sat hone kA vyavahAra honA cAhiye; jaise ki pratiniyata sattAdirUpa / vastrAdi apane grAhakajJAna meM ghaTAdiAkAra se nirapekSarUpa meM hI svarUpAvabhAsi hote haiM / yaha eka prasaMgApAdana hai jisameM svabhAva ko hetu kiyA gayA hai / ghaTAdi ke na hone para bhI vastrAdi hote haiM evaM bhAsita hote haiM ata: vasrAdi ghaTAdi-nirapekSa haiM isa tathya meM to koI saMdeha nahIM / isI prakAra, ghaTAdivizeSanirapekSa sirpha satrUpa se aviziSTa hI padArtha mAnA jAya taba to apane grAhakajJAna meM ghaTAdirUpa se jo usakA abAdhita anubhava hotA hai vaha nahIM bana sakatA, ata: vizeSarUpa se vyavahAra anAyAsa siddha ho jAtA hai / prativastu vacanArthanizcaya- vyavahAra ___ uttarArdha kI ukta vyAkhyA meM kucha kliSTatA ko dekha kara mAno vyAkhyAkAra phira se sarala vyAkhyA usakI batA rahe haiM- 'pratirUpa' meM 'prati' zabda punarAvRtti ke liye hai aura rUpa zabda vastuvAcaka hai, aba artha aisA hogA- eka eka rUpa yAnI vastu ke prati jo (ukta prakAra se) vacanArthanizcaya, usakI prakRti yAnI svabhAva yahI vyavahAra hai / kaise yaha dekhiye- pratyekavastusambandhi jo vacanArthanizcaya hai vahI vyavahArasAdhaka hai, na ki sirpha astitvamAtranizcaya / kAraNa, sirpha 'asti' (=kucha hai) itanA hI kahane se zrotAko kucha AkAMkSA rahatI huI dikhatI hai- to kyA hai ? isake uttara meM kahanA paDatA hai 'dravya hai' / puna: AkAMkSA- dravya bhI kauna sA hai ? uttara- pRthvI dravya / puna: AkAMkSA - pRthvI bhI kauna sI ? uttara - vRkSa / puna: AkAMkSA-vRkSa bhI

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402 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam vacanArthanizcayo vyavahArahetuH na punarastitvamAtranizcayaH / yataH 'asti' ityukte'pi zrotA zaMkAmupagacchan lakSyate ataH 'kimasti' ityAzaMkAyAm 'dravyam' ityucyate, tadapi "kim'- pRthivI, sApi kA- vRkSaH, sopi kaH cUtaH, tatrApyarthitve yAvat puSpitaH- phalitaH ityAdi tAvanizcinoti yAvad vyavahArasiddhiriti / vyavahAro hi nAnArUpatayA sattAM vyavasthApayati tathaiva saMvyavahArasaMbhavAt / ato vyavaharatIti vyavahAra ityanvarthasaMjJAM vibhrat azuddhA dravyAstikaprakRtirbhavati // 4 // kauna sA ? uttara - Ama kA / puna: puSpArthI pUchatA hai- Ama kA peDa sUkhA hai yA puSpita ? uttara - puSpita / aba phalArthI ho to pUcha degA- phalita hai yA aphalita ? uttara - phaloM se ladA huA hai| isa prakAra Age taba taka AkAMkSA-uttara calate rahate haiM jaba taka iSTavyavahAra siddha na ho / yaha vyavahAra vividharUpa se vastu kI sattA para apanA dhyAna kendrita karatA hai, kyoMki vividharUpoM para dhyAnAkarSaNa hone se hI ucita vyavahAroM kA pAlana hotA hai / isa prakAra, 'vyavaharati' yAnI vizeSarUpoM kA avaharaNa- nirdhAraNa karatA hai isa liye use 'vyavahAra' kahA jAtA hai, yaha sArthaka saMjJA dhAraNa karane vAlA vyavahAranaya dravyAstikanaya kI azuddha yAnI vaividhyapUrNa (bhedapUrNa) prakRti hai| cauthI gAthA kI vyAkhyA samApta / zrI siddhasena divAkaraviracita sammati tarka-prakaraNa kI zrI abhayadevasUriviracita tattvavodhavidhAyinI-vyAkhyA ke muni jayasuMdaravijayaracita hindIvivecana kA dvitIya khaMDa samApta

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 403 pariziSTa 1 - uddharaNAMzA granthAntarnirdiSTAH granyanAma pRSTha saMkhyA 98 tattvasaM 1078 zlo. vA. apo0 1 hetu. 71-124 388 zlo0 vA. Ape. lo. 90 lo0 vA0 apo0 76 307 286 uddharaNAMza agoto vinivRttazca agonivRttiH sAmAnyaM ajJeyaM kalpitaM kRtvA atadrUpaparAvRtta atItAnAgatAkAra athAnyathA vizeSe'pi athA'satyapi sArUpye adRSTeranyazabdArthe analArthyanalaM pazyannapi anAdiraprayojanA'vidyA anirdiSTaphalaM sarva anutpannAzca mahAmate anupapadyamAnArtheva anupalabdhirasattA anumAnaM vivakSAyAH anyathaikena zabdena anyathaivAgnisambandhAd anyadeva hi sAmAnya anyadevendriyagrAhya0 anyazabdArthA'pohaM anyAnyatvena ye bhAvA api caikatvanityatva apoddhArapadasyAya0 apohaH zabdArtha:-ityuktam laMkAsU0pR0 80 286 317 pra0 vA0 3-51. vAkyapa0 2-425 108 26-230 386 nyApavA0 pR. 330 paM0 18-22 tattvasaM0 1068 zlo0 vA0 apo0 zlo. 163 a02 A0 20 sU0 67. nyA. vA0 pR. 329 paM0 12-23 apohyabhedAd bhinnArthA abhAvagamyarUpe'pi abhede tu viruddhayete ayaM cApohaH prativastvekaH lo0 vA. apo0 zlo0 91 pra0 vA0 175 pUrvArdha nyA0 vA. pR0 330 paM0 15-17 74

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404 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam uddharaNAMza granyanAma pRSTha saMkhyA vAkpapa0 tR. kA. lo0 11 112 14 arthajAtyabhidhAne'pi arthAntaranivRttyA kazcideva arthAntaranivRttyAha arthena ghaTayatyenAM avadhInAmaniSpatte avastuviSaye'pyasti avAcakatve zabdAnAM 3 tattvasaM0 1067 pra. vA. 2-305 pUrvArdha tattvasaM0 29 tattvasaM0 1085 nyA. vA. 2 sUtra 67 pR. 327 paM0 6-7 294 87 298 ta0 saM0 kA0 7 ta0 saM0 1042 sAM0 kA0 9 hetu vAkyapa0 dvi. kA. lo0 119 nyApada0 2-2-67 gauDapAdakA0 6-31 32. 271 356 271 azakpasamayo hyAtmA azeSazaktipracitAt azrAvaNaM pathA rUpam asadakaraNAdupAdAna. asambhavo vidhiH astyarthaH sarvazabdAnA0 AkRtirjAtiliGgAkhyA AdAvante ca yannAsti AsargapralayAdekA AhurvidhAta pratyakSam itaretarabhedo'sya ityAdinA prabhedena indro mAyAbhiH upalabdhiH sattA UrdhvamUlamadhaH zAkha. ekadharmAnvayAsattve ekapratyavamarze hi ekamevA'dvitIyam ekasyA'pi dhvanervAcyaM kasmAt sAsnAdimatsvevaM kAraNamastyavyaktam kArya dhUmo hutubhujo kAryasyaivamayogAcca bra0 ta0 zlo. 1 tattvasaM0 kA0 904 ta0 saM0 kA0 1043 Rgve. maM0 6 sUkta 47 RcA 18 271 335 384 gItA-15-1 ta0 saM0 1049 ta0 saM0 1050 chAndo0 6-2-1 159 302 zlo0 vA0 AkR0 zlo0 47 sAMkhyakArikA-16 pra. vA0 3.34 tattvasaM0 kA0 13

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 405 granyanAma pRSTha sakhyA 162 125 ta0 saM0 911 pra0 vA. 2-210 pUrvArdha ta0 saM0 1186 tattvasaM0 907 zlo0 vA0 abhA0 pari0 zlo0 2 pANi0 2-4-11 siddhAntakau0 pR0 20-8 zlo0 vA0 apo0 85 nyAyada0 bhA0 pR. 224 zlo0 vA. 5.27 abhAva vAkya * dvi0 kA0zlo0 123 52 28 281 399 382 pANi05-2-52/vArtikasiddhAnta pR0 299 341 118 uddharaNAMza kintu gaurgavayo hastI kiM syAt sA citrataikasyAM kecideva nirAtmAno kva vA zrutiH kSIre dadhyadi pannAsti gavAzvaprabhRtIni ca gavyasiddhe tvagaurnAsti guNavizeSANAM rUpa-rasa gRhItvA vastusadbhAvaM ghaTAdInAM na cAkArAn cakSuH pratItya rUpAdi catasUSu bhedavidyAsu caturacchayatau AdyakSaralopazca cAdInAM naJyogo nAsti citrapratibhAsA'pyekaiva caitanyaM puruSasya svarUpaM codito dadhi khAdeti jaM kAvilaM darisaNaM jJAnAdavyatiriktaM ca tatazca vAsanAbhedAt tataH sthitametad na tatparicchinatti anyad tatrarjusUtranItiH syAt tatra zabdAntarApohe tathAvidhasya tasyApi tathAhi pacatItyukte tadasiddhau na sattAsti tadrUpAropamanyAnya tadvato na vAcakaH tanmAtrakAGkSaNAd bhedaH tasmAttadvayameSTavyaM 162 375 168 305 pra0 vA0 3.183 sa0 3-48 pra0 vA. 3-71 pR0 282 tattvasaM0 1086 ta. saM. 1213 132 307 386 zlo0 vA0 apo0 104 395 117 ta0 saM0 1145 tattvasaM0 158 98 tattvasaM0 1093 101

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406 uddharaNAMza tasmAt prameyAdhigateH tasmAd yato yato'rthAnAM tasmAd yeSveva zabdeSu tasmAdvayAkhyAGgamicchadbhiH tasmAt sarveSu yadrUpaM tasyaiva vyabhicArAdau tAdAtmyaM ced mataM jAte: tAdRk pratyavamarzazca patra tAdRk pratyavamarzazca vidyate tAzca vyAvRttayo'rthAnAM tAsAM hi bAhyarUpatvaM tA hi tena vinotpannA turye tu tadvivikto'sau tenAyamapi zabdasya tenAyamartho bhavati triguNamaviveka viSayaH trINi trINi anyayuSmadasmadi traiguNyasyAvizeSe'pi dviSThasambandhasaMvittiH na kadAcidanIdRzaM jagat na cAtrAnyatarA bhrAntiH na cAnyarUpamanyAdRk na cApyazvAdizabdebhyo na cAvastuna ete syuH na cAsAdharaNaM vastu na jAtizabdo bhedAnAM na tadAtmA parAtmeti na tvekAtmanyupeyAnAM nanu jJAnaphalAH na naivamiti nirdeze nanvanyApohakRcchabdo Jain Educationa International zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam granthanAma pra0 vA0 2 306 pUrvArdha pra0 vA0 3-41 lo0 vA0 apo0 lo0 164 lo0 vA0 sU0 1 zlo0 2 aura 25 lo0 vA0 apo0 10 pra0 vA0 1-22 tattvasaM0 1062 tattvasaM 0 1059 ta0 saM0 1046 ta0 saM0 1047 zlo0 vA0 AkR0 zlo0 38 tattvasaM0 1157 ta0 saM0 1015 2-2-68 - nyA0 vA0 pR0 332 paM0 3-24 sAM0 kA0 11 si0 he0 3-3-17 tattvasaM0 kA0 28 lo0 vA0 apo0 lo0 89 lo0 vA0 apo0 lo0 88 lo0 vA0 abhAvapari0 lo0 8 pUrvArdha lo0 vA0 apo0 lo0 86 tattvasaM0 1014 zabdAH kA0 la0 6-18 .saM. 910 pRSTha saMkhyA 389 170 For Personal and Private Use Only 75 2 46 381 159 92 92 88 riri 160 118 79 28 296 393 360 248 385 133 57 57 45 57 21 79 288 43 72 43

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam granthanAma pRSTha saMkhyA tattvasaM0 1089 111 zlo0 vA. apo0 3 bRhadA0 4-4-19 tattvasaM0 1049 271 88 295 176 271 384 RksaM0 10.90-2 zvetAzva0 3.15 sAMkhyakA0 21 tattvasaM0 1082 sAMkhyakA0 22 377 97 295 294 15 uddharaNAMza na vAcyaM vAcakaM cAsti na hi tat kevalaM nIlaM ni:sAmAnyAni sAmAnyAni neSTo'sAdhAraNastAvad neha nAnAsti kiMcana naikAtmatAM prapadyante paJcaviMzatitattvajJo pazyannapi na pazyati puruSa evedaM sarva puruSa evedaM sarva puruSaspa darzanArtha prakRtIzAdijanyatvaM prakRtemahAMstato'haGkAraH pratisUryazca kAlpanika: prathane vAvazabde prasajyapratiSedhastu prAgagauriti vijJAnaM bahuvayaNeNa duvapaNaM bahvalpaviSayatvena buddhau ye'rthA vivartante bhAvatastu na paryAyAH bhAvAntarAtmako'bhAvo bhedAnAM parimANAta bhede hi kAraNaM kiMcid matizrutayornibandho mamaivaM pratibhAso yo mayUravyaMekAdayaH mUlaprakRtiravikRtiH mUlaprakRteH kAraNatvameva mRtyoH sa mRtyumApnoti pa eva vyAvRttaH saiva pANi0 3-3-33 tattvasaM0 kA0 1010 kA0 laM0 6-19 77 267 88 ta0saM0 1045 ta0 saM0 1070 ta0 saM0 1032 lo0 vA. apo0 2 sAM. kA. 15 pra0 vA. 174 utarArdha tattvArthA0 a0 1 sU0 29 302 360 231 227 268 pANi 2-1-72 sAMkhyakA03 mATharavRtti bRhadA0 4-4-19 345 345 148

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408 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam granthanAma pRSTha saMkhyA brahmasiddhi pR010 285 399 160 290 ___uddharaNAMza yattu kasyAvidyeti yatra vizeSakriyA naiva yathA tulye'pi bhinnatve yathA payaH payo jarapati yathA mahAnase veha yathA rajaHsamparkakaluSe yathA saMketamevAto yadA vA zabdavAcyatvAna yadi gaurityayaM zabdaH yadi zabdAsyApoho 0 0 zlo0 vA0 AkR0 zlo0 36 brahmasiddhi pR0 12 tattvasaM0 1053 brahmasiddhi pR0 12 ta0 saM0 1044 zlo0 vA. apo0 95 kA0 laM0 6-17 nyA0 vA0 pR0 330 paM0 22 pR. 331 paM0 3 nyA0 vA0 2-2-68 pR0 323 yadi zabdAn pakSayasi yadeva dadhi tat kSIraM padyadA kAryamutpitsu yadyapyavyatirikto'yaM yayA jAtirliGgAni ca yazvAyamago'poho yasminnadhUmato bhinna yasya nirvizeSaNA bhedAH yAdRzo'rthAntarA'pohaH yAvat prayojanenA'sya yena yena hi nAmnA vai yo na yadAtmA rUpAbhAve'pi caikatvaM liGgaliGgidhiyorevaM lokAzrayatvAd liGgasya vatsavivRddhinimittaM varNAkRtpakSarAkAra ta0saM0 1026 nyAya0 bhA0 pR0 225 nyA. vA0 pR0 329 paM0 5-19 tattvasaM0 1052 nyAya vA0 2-2-67 pR. 323 ta0 saM0 1087 P tattvasaM0 paMjikA kA0 870 ta0 saM0 1081 ta0 saM0 1031 pra. vA. 2-82 2-2-29 mahAbhASye pR0 471 paM0 8 sAMkhyakA0 57 dra0 pra0 vA0 2.147/tattvasaM0 kA0 738 utarArdha) 84 368 28 381 vikalpapratibimbameva vidhirUpazca zabdArthoM zlo0 vA. apo0 110

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam uddharaNAMza granthanAma pRSTha saMkhyA tattvasaM0 1095 274 50 pra. vA0 4.273 pUrvArdha ta0saM0paMjikA zlo0 vA. AkR0 ko0 37 tattva saM0 1069 siddhahema0 8-3-31 960 269 159 159 116 ta0 saM0 1143 nyAyada0 2-2-66 160 nyAyada0 2-2-65 27 386 vidhirUpazca zabdArthoM virodhilinasaGkhyAdi viziSTarUpAnubhavAnnAnyathA viSapazabdo'trAzrayavacanaH viSayeNa hi buddhInAM vRkSAdInAha tAn vedaMtadetado sAbhyAM sesimau vyaktijanmAnyajAtA vyaktinAzena cennaSTA vyaktirUpAvasAyena vyaktirguNavizeSAzrayo mUrtiH vyakterjAtyAdiyoge'pi vyaktyAkRtijAtayastu vyavahArastu tAmeva vyAGpare ramaH zabdenAgamyamAnaM ca zabdenAvyApRtAkSaspa zAbaleyAcca bhinnatvaM zAstrasya tu phale dRSTe zAstrArthapratijJA ziraso'vayavA nimnA zuddhaM dravyaM samAzritya sa eva dadhi so'nyatra sa eSa neti na sa cedagonivRttyAtmA sattAsvakAraNA''zleSa sa tvasaMvAdakastAdRg sadUpatAnatikrAnta samAnapratyayaprasavAtmikA samAnA iti tadgrahAt samuccayAdiryazvArthaH siddhahema 3-3-105 zlo0 vA. apo0 zlo. 94 393 58 mr zlo0 vA. apo0 77 - lo0 vA0 abhAvapari0 zlo0 4 168 289 pra0 vA. 3-184 pUrvArdha bRhadA0 3-9-26 lo0 vA. apo0 84 pra. vA0 2-115 ta0 saM0 1164 54 120 386 nyA0 da0 2.2-68 pra0 vA0 3-107 ta0 saM0 kA0 1158 E

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam granyanAma pRSTha saMkhyA 271 2 168 125 170 zlo0 vA. AkR. 5-7 | zlo0 vA0 sU0 1 zlo0 12 pra0 vA0 3.182 uttarArdha ta0 saM0 1185 pra. vA0 3-40 tattvasaM0 paMjikA pR. 285 pANi0 2-1-4 tattvasaM0 1013 zlo0 vA0 Aka0 zlo0 35 zlo0vA0apo0 83 266 78 uddharaNAMza sarvamekaM sallakSaNaM ca sarvavastuSu buddhizca sarvaspaiva hi zAstraspa sarvasyobhayarUpatve sarve dharmA nirAtmAnaH sarve bhAvAH svabhAvena sarvo mithyAvabhAso'yamarthe saha supA sAkSAdapi ca ekasminnevaM sAmAnyaM nAnyadiSTaM cet siddhazcAgaurapohyeta suvivecitaM kArya kAraNaM strItvAdayo gotvAdayaH svabIjAnekavizliSTa svarUpasattvamAtreNa svalakSaNaM jAtistadyogo svasaMvedyamanirdeyaM svAbhAvikImavidyA tu saMsRjyante na bhiyante hetumadanityamavyApi hetvArthe Taca 160 250 111 88 tatvasaM0 1048 zlo0 vA. apo0 zlo0 87 ta. saM0 870 288 89 pra0 vA0 3.86 sAMkhyakA0 10 297 265

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zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam 411 pariziSTa -2 saMketaspaSTIkaraNam anekA anekAntajayapatAkA / anekA0TI0 anekAntajayapatAkATIkA / anekAntaja0 ama0 anekAntajayapatAkA amadAvAda-AvRttiH / anekAntaja0 TI0li. anekAntajayapatAkATIkA likhitA / anabha0 mitA0 annabhaTamitAkSarA / apohasi. apohasiddhiprakaraNam apohasiddhi apohasiddhiprakaraNam amarakozaH / aSTa0 TI0 li. bhAM0 aSTasahasrITIkA (yazovijayopAdhyAyakRtA) likhitA bhANDArakaraprAcyavidyAsaMzo dhanamaMdirasatkA / aSTazatI (aSTasahastrantargatA) aSTasa0 aSTasahasrI / aSTasaha. aSTasahasrI AcArA0 zItoSNIyaa0 AcArAGgasUtram zItoSNIyAdhyayanam / Ava0 hari0 AvazyakasUtraM hAribhadravRttiyutam / RgvemaM R0 RgvedaH mantraH Rk / RksaM0 maNDa. aksaMhitA maNDalam / kaTho0 kaThopaniSat / kAta. vyA0 kAtantravyAkaraNam / kAzi0 kAzikAvRttiH / kAzikA kAzikAvRttiH gaNara0 gaNaratnamahodadhiH / gItA / | gauDapA0alAta0pra0 gauDapAdakArikA alAtazAntyAkhyaM prakaraNam / gauDapA vaitathyAkhyapra0 gauDapAdakArikA vaitathyAkhya prakaraNam / gauDapA0 kA0 gauDapAdakArikA / cAndravyA0 cAndravyAkaraNam / jaine0 vyA0 jainendravyAkaraNam / tattvasaM0kA0 tattvasaMgrahakArikA / tattvasaM0paJji. tattvasaMgrahapaJjikA / tattvasaMgrahazabdArthaparIkSA / tattvasaMgrahasAmAnyaparIkSA / tattvArthabhASyam (kala0) kalakattA-AvRttiH / tattvArthabhASyavyAkhyA yazovijayopAdhyAyakRta (ama0) amadAvAda-AvRttiH / tattvArthabhASyavyAkhyA siddhasenasUrikRtA (ama0) amadAvAda AvRttiH tattvArtharAjavArtikam / tattvArthazlo0 vA. tattvArthazlokavArtikam / tattvArthasUtram (mesA0) mesANA-AvRttiH / tR0kAgA0 saMmatitRtIyakANDagAthA / tantravArtikam / dezInA0va0 dezInAmamAlA-vargaH / dvAdazAranayacakram-zrIAtmAdvAdazAranaya0 rAmajIpustakasaMgrahasatkaM napacakra. A.li. likhitam / dharmasaM070 dharmasaMgrahaNIvRttiH / nayopa0 yazo0bhA0 navopadezaH zrIyazobijayopAdhyAyakRtaH bhAvanagara-AvRttiH / nyAyaku. li. navAdakumudacandrodavaH likhitaH /

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412 zrI sammati-tarkaprakaraNam bhAmahAlaMkArapariccheda / sAGkhyakArikAmATharavRttiH / nyAyada0 nyAyada vAtsyA0 nyAyabA0 nyAyAba Tippa. pAia. nA. pANi. pANi nyA. pANi siddhAntakau0 siddhAntakau0 pANivArti0 pANi-mahAbhA0 mahAbhA0 pAtaJjalyo vAca0TI0 puNyarA0TI0 nyAyadarzanasUtram / bhAmahAlaM0pari0 nyAdarzanavAtsyAyanabhASyam / / madhyamakavRttiH / nyAyavArtikam / mATharavR0 nyAyAvatAraTippaNam / mAThara0 pAialacchInAmamAlA / yogada0samA0pA. pANinIyavyAkaraNam / ratnAkarA0 pANinIyavyAkaraNam pANinIyasiddhAntakaumudI / pANinIyasiddhAntakaumudI / lalitavi0vR0 pANinIyavyAkaraNavArtikam / paanniniiyvyaakrnnmhaabhaassym|| lakAvatArasU0 pANinIyavyAkaraNamahAbhASyam vAkyapa0kA0 pAtaJjalayogadarzanavAcaspa- vAkyapa0TI0 timizraTIkA / vAkyapa040kA0 puNyarAjakRtA vAkyapadIyaTIkA / bAtsyA0bhA0 prameyakamalamArtaNDaH / vArti prameyakamalamArtaNDaTippaNam / / zAka0vyA0 prameyaratnakoSaH / zAzvata pramANavArtika zAstravA0stA prAkRtapiGgalam zAstravArtA prAkRtaprakAzaSaSThaparicchedaH / zAstravA0syAdvAdaka. prAkRtamaJjarI / prAkRtarUpAvatAraH / bRhadAraNyakopaniSat / zvetAzvata u0 - bRhadAraNyakopaniSadbhASyam / zlovA0 apo0 bRhadAraNyakopaniSadbhASya- apohabAdaH / vArtikam / slovA0abhAva0 baGgIyavizvakoSaH / abhAvaparicchedaH / . brahmasiddhi zlo0vA AkR. . brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASyam / lo0bA0vana brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASyabhAma- zlo0vA0pArtha0vyA. toTIkA / yogadarzanasamAdhipAdaH / ratnAkarAvatArikA pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAravRttiH / lalitavistarA caityavandanavRttiH / laGkAvatArasUtram / vAkyapadIyam -kANDam / vAkyapadIpaTIkA / vAkyapadIye tRtIyaM kANDam / vAtsyAyanabhASyam / mahAbhASyavArtikam / zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNam / zAzvatakozaH / zAstravArtAsamucaye stabakaH / zAstravArtAsamuccayaH / zAstrabArtAsamuccayasyAdvAdakalpalatA TIkA / zvetAzvataropaniSat / prameyaka. prameyaka.Ti. prameyarako pra0vA0 prAkR0piM0 prAkRtapra0 SaSThapa0 prAkRtama0 prAkRtarUpA0 bRhadA0u0 bRhadA0 u0bhA0 bRhadA0 u0bhASyavArti zvetAzva0u0 - zlokavArtikam lokabArtikam - baGgIyavizva0 brahmasU0zA bhA. brahmasU0zA0bhA0bhA0 zlokavArtikam -AkRtivAdaH - lokavArtikam - banabAdaH / lokavArtikam -pArthasArathimizravyAkhyA /

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SaDbhA0ca0 sadanisaM0 da0 sarvArthasiddhiH" (tattvArtha sUtravyAkhyA) sAra0vyA0 saMkSepazA * saMyukttani0nidAnasaM 0 gahapativa0 aM0 bhA0 sAGkhya 0 kA 0 sAGkhya0 kau0 sAGkhyada0 sAGkhyasa* tattvayAthA0 syAdvA0 syAdvAdara 0 hetu0 Jain Educationa International SaDbhASAcandrikA / sarvadarzanasaMgrahe darzanam / zrI sammati - tarkaprakaraNam hetu0TI0tA0li0 helArAjaTI0 sArasvatavyAkaraNam / saMkSepazArIrakam / saMyuttanikAyo nidAnasaMgaho gahapativaggo aMko bhAgo / sAGkhyakArikA / sAGkhyatattvakaumudI / sAGkhyadarzanam / sAGkhyasaMgrahe tattvayAthArthyaprakaraNam / syAdvAdamaJjarI / syAdvAdaratnAkaraH / mukham / hai0 anekA0 haimacchando0 haimatattva0 haimadhAtupA0 hai0 dhAtupArA0 haimaprA0vyA0 haima0 bR0vR0 haimasUtra 0 hai0 haima 0 haimavyA0 haimaza0 For Personal and Private Use Only bindutarkaTIkA tADapatralikhitA / helArAjakRtA vAkyapadIyaTIkA / haima- anekArthakoza: / haimacchando'nuzAsanam / haimatattvaprakAzikA bRhannyAsaH / haimadhAtupArAyaNam / haimadhAtupArAyaNam 41 haimaprAkRtavyAkaraNam / haimavyAkaraNabRhadvRttiH / haimazabdAnuzAsanasUtram / siddhamanAmakaM haimavyAkaraNam /

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gItAmA vIranI yAda caHNAvyA rizisthiI nI joDI thI. A0. zrI bALakInI cAra kAma zal, Uii, pI. A0. zrI parabArIrIe@ArI mA, rA, Jain Educational International For Personal and Private Use Only

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gha. yU. A. zrI lyaghoSasUrIzvara ma. sA. Jain Educationa International ACHARYA SRIMARUI GANMANDIR For Personal and Private Use Only KENDRA 10000

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virATa vAdaLa bhaNI potAnA samagra astitvane ogALavA doTa mUkatAM nAnalaDAM sUryakiraNanA A apratima zauryane vAdalaDI sAta raMgonA navalAM najarANAthI navAje che. ka Serving Jin Shasana akhila brahmAMDamAM ghaTatI pratyeka ghaTanA, pratyeka padArtha jinazAsananA jaladharamAM jyAre vilIna bane che tyAre sAta nayanA samanvayanI ghaTanA sAkAra thAya che. jinazAsananI A ujvaLa yazogAthAne varNavatuM meghadhanuSa 144687 gyanmandirskobatirth.org eTale sanmati - tarkaprakaraNa pratyeka khaMDa kA mUlya-600/- rupaye sampUrNa seTa mUlya 3000/- rupaye MULTY GRAPHICS 04/28/JoBaka watelibrary.org