Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ maharSividyAnandaviracitaH tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAraH dvitIya khaNDa hindIbhASAnuvAdikA gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ RASHISISSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS zrImadvidyAnandasvAmiviracita tattvArthazlokavArttikAlaGkAra hai| (dvitIya khaNDa) Wan hindI bhASAnuvAdikA gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI prakAzaka : gulAbacanda surezakumAra pATanI guvAhATI (asama)
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ IPSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS YSISISSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSISISISISISISASSSSSSSSSSSS tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAraH (dvitIya khaNDa) sampAdaka racayitA : maharSi vidyAnanda 11 hindI anuvAdaka: : gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI : DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI, jodhapura arthasahayoga : zrIyuta gulAbacanda surezakumAra pATanI, guvAhATI prAptisthAna : cUr3IvAla phArma hAusa omeksa siTI ke sAmane, jayapura saMskaraNa : prathama, 500 pratiyA~ OM prakAzana tithi : akSaya tRtIyA, vi.saM. 2066 mUlya : 150) rupaye saMkalpanA : nidhi kampyUTarsa, jodhapura (c) 0291-2440578 OM mudraka : hindustAna prinTiMga hAusa, jodhapura (c) 0291-2433345 0 MENSISISISISISISISISISISISISISISISISISTER
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AryikAzrI ke dIkSAguru OSCOOLOROSQUONG TOPORORROTARA TARPREPARATOPAR parama pUjya (sva.) AcAryazrI vIrasAgara jI mahArAja svAtmaikaniSThaM nRsurAdipUjyaM, SaDjIvakAyeSu dayAcittaM / zrIvIrasindhuM bhavavArdhipotaM, taM sUrivaryaM praNamAmi bhktyaa||
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jinazAsanaprabhAvikA, siddhAntasaMrakSikA, taponidhi adhyAtmamUrti BAR S Dooooooooooooooooon COc000000000000000000000 0000000000000000 (sva.) pUjya AryikAzrI indumatI mAtAjI vi.saM. 1962 Deha (nAgaura) rAja. AryikA dIkSA vi. saM. 2006 nAgaura (rAja.) samAdhi vi. saM. 2042 sammedazikhara (bihAra)
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastuta grantha kI anuvAdikA AryikAzrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI vi. saM. 1985 mainasara-nAgaura (rAja.) AryikA dIkSA vi. saM. 2014 khAniyA-jayapura - gaNinI pada vi.saM. 2043 kAnakI (bihAra)
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
_
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ma prastuti pUjya AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI kRta mUlAnugAmI hindI anuvAdasahita tattvArthazloka vArttikAlaGkAra kA dUsarA khaNDa pAThakoM ke samakSa prastuta karate hue hArdika prasannatA hai| zrI umAsvAmikRta tattvArthasUtra eka saiddhAntika sUtra grantha hai jise nyAyazAstra kI yuktiyoM kI kasauTI para kasa kara aura paravAdiyoM kI zaGkAoM kA samIcIna samAdhAna karate hue TIkAkAra AcArya maharSi vidyAnanda svAmI ne 'tattvArthacintAmaNi' TIkA ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| AcArya vidyAnanda jaina zruta paramparA ke parama prabhAvaka AcArya haiN| unake dvArA praNIta aSTasahasrI, AptaparIkSA aura tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra grantha zrutAkAza ke dIptimAna nakSatra haiM jo jaina tattvajJAna kI nirdoSatA ko prakAzita karane meM pUrNa samartha haiN| prastuta khaNDa kA prameya prathama khaNDa meM 'tattvArthasUtra' ke prathama adhyAya ke prathama Ahnika taka kA prakaraNa hai jisameM mokSa ke upAya ke sambandha meM tarkapUrNa paddhati se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| prathama khaNDa meM kevala prathama sUtra 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' kA hI vistRta vivecana hai| isa dvitIya khaNDa meM dUsare sUtra se AThaveM sUtra taka ke viSayoM kA arthAt dvitIya Ahnika paryanta sUtroM kA gambhIra vivecana hai| TIkAkAra maharSi ne samyagdarzana kA svarUpa, bheda, adhigamopAya, tattvoM kA svarUpa aura bheda, nikSepoM kA kathana, nirdezAdi padArtha-vijJAnoM kA vistAra, satsaMkhyA tattvajJAna ke sAdhana Adi para yatheSTa prakAza DAlA hai| prasaMgavaza samyagdarzana ke sambandha meM bahuta gaharAI se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| itanA gahana gambhIra vizleSaNa anyatra dekhane meM nahIM aataa| sUtra 2 : samyagdarzana kA niruktiparaka artha hai- bhalI prakAra se dekhanA / yaha sUtrakAra ko iSTa nhiiN| ataH unhoMne tattvArthoM kA zraddhAna karane ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| isa zraddhAna ke hone para hI devadarzana karanA bhI mokSamArga meM sahAyaka hai, anyathA nhiiN| pUrNa vasturUpa tattva ko jAnane vAlA samyagdRSTi hotA hai, akele artha aura akele tattva kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana nahIM hai| jina vAstavika svabhAvoM sahita padArtha vidyamAna hai unhIM svabhAvoM sahita zraddhAna kiye jAne para vaha tattvArtha hai| samyak pada mUDha, saMdigdha aura viparIta zraddhAnoM kA nivAraNa karane vAlA hai| zraddhAna aura jJAna donoM AtmA ke hI svataMtra guNa haiN| samyagdarzana ke do bheda haiM sarAga aura viitraag| pahalA cauthe guNasthAna se dasaveM guNasthAna taka aura dUsarA siddha avasthA taka pAyA jAtA hai| prazama, saMvega, anukampA, Astikya ina cAra guNoM se sarAga samyaktva kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai| samyagdarzana kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa se pUrNatayA anubhava nahIM ho pAtA hai|
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vastuta: tattvArtha zraddhAnarUpa samyagdarzana atyanta sUkSma guNa hai| vaha sAmAnya matijJAna aura zrutaMjJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM matijJAna ke bhedasvarUpa svasaMvedana pratyakSa se vaha nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| vItarAga puruSa apane vItarAga samyaktva ko svasaMvedana se jAna lete haiM yA vaha kevalajJAna ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai| vItarAga samyaktva kA anumAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| sarva hI sarAga samyagdarzanoM kA anumAna ho hI jAve, yaha niyama nahIM hai, vItarAga samyagdarzana kA jJAna kara lenA to dussAdhya hai, pratyakSadarzI usako jAnate haiN| zraddhAna jar3a padArthoM kA guNa nahIM hai| zraddhAna ko svasaMvedana pratyakSa se cetanAtmakapanA siddha hai| jJAna cetana svarUpa hai| AtmA ke sampUrNa guNoM meM cetanA se anvitapanA pAyA jAtA hai| akhaNDa AtmA ke guNoM kA paraspara meM tadAtmaka eka rasa ho rahA hai| sUtra 3 : samyagdarzana nitya nahIM hai, vaha apane kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai| ata: sabase pahale AcAryazrI ne samyagdarzana ke nityapane, nityahetukapane aura ahetukapane kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| sabhI samyagdarzanoM ke nisarga aura adhigama donoM hetu bana jAte haiN| paropadeza ke binA jinabimba Adi se hue tattvArthajJAna ko adhigama nirNIta kiyA hai| nisarga kA artha svabhAva nahIM hai| samyagdarzana hone se pUrva rahe jJAna ko sAmAnya jJAna kahA gayA hai| yahA~ AcAryazrI ne samyagdarzana va samyagjJAna kI samIcInatA ko vidvattApUrvaka paripuSTa kiyA hai| isake bAda sabhI samyagdarzanoM ke nisargajatva ke ekAnta kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai aura batAyA hai ki kAraNoM ke binA mokSa, sukha, samyagdarzana Adi koI bhI kArya niSpanna nahIM hotA hai| samyagdarzana ke antaraMga aura bahiraMga kAraNoM kA vyAkhyAna karake anumAna ke dvArA upazamAdika ko siddha kiyA hai| viziSTa dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa nimittoM se aneka yogya naimittika bhAva utpanna ho jAte haiN| nikaTa bhavya, dUrabhavya, abhavya jIvoM ko svarNa pASANa aura andha pASANa ke dRSTAnta se siddha kiyA hai| sUtra 4 : mokSArthI ke lie sAta hI tattva zraddheya haiN| granthakartA AcAryazrI ne sayukti isa tathya kI sthApanA kI hai ki mumukSu ko sAta hI tattva upayogI haiM; do, chaha, Adi nhiiN| puNya aura pApa padArthoM ko bandha aura Asrava tattva kA hI bheda mAnA hai| jIvAdika zabdoM kI nirukti karake unake krama kA aucitya siddha kiyA hai| AcAryazrI ne kahA hai ki tattvoM kA upadeza jIva ke lie hI hai| isake bAda ajIva, Asrava Adi ke nirUpaNa meM svarasa batalAyA hai| anantara viziSTAdvaitavAdiyoM ke parabrahmarUpa eka jIvatattva ke hI ekAnta kA aneka yuktiyoM se khaNDana kara aneka jIvoM ko siddha karate hue zuddhAdvaitavAdiyoM ke prati bhI aneka santAnoM ko siddha karA diyA hai| advaitavAdiyoM ke anumAna, Agama aura pratyakSa kA pratividhAna kara anekatva ko siddha karane vAle, pratyakSa, anumAna aura AgamoM kA samIcInapanA darzAyA hai| cetanAtmaka padArthoM kA sarvajJa aura svavyakti ke atirikta kisI anya jIva ko pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai| upeya se upAya bhinna hai| vacana, pratipAdya kA zarIra, lipiakSara, ghaTa Adi bahirindriya pratyakSa haiN| ataH ye saba ajIva haiN| isake Age jIva ko na mAnakara
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ akele jar3atattva ko hI mAnane vAle cArvAka kA khaNDana kiyA hai| kaI vAdI Asrava tattva ko nakArate haiM ki vyApaka AtmA ke koI kriyA nahIM ho sktii| jIvadravya asaMkhyAta pradezI hai| vaha lokAloka meM vyApaka nahIM hai ataH avyApaka AtmA meM kriyA ho jAne se kriyA rUpa Asrava tattva kI siddhi hotI hai| bandha honA AtmA kA vibhAvabhAva hai| saMsArI jIva nirlepa nahIM hai| vaha bahiraMga pudgala se ba~dha kara tanmaya ho rahA hai| isake Age saMvara aura nirjarA jo akele jIva ke hI bhAva haiM, unakA varNana hai| bandha ke samAna mokSa ko bhI jIva-pudgala donoM kA dharma batAyA hai| mokSArthI ko ina sAtoM tattvoM kA zraddhAna, jJAna aura dhyAna karanA caahie| yahA~ AcAryazrI ne naiyAyikoM aura vaizeSikoM dvArA mAnya tattvoM ko yuktipUrvaka mokSa kI siddhi meM amAnya kiyA hai| sAta tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva ye do dharmI haiN| Asrava tattva azuddha dravya kA guNa hai, zeSa tattva paryAyeM haiN| dravya, guNa aura paryAya ke atirikta jagat meM koI anya padArtha nahIM hai| sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI paryAyoM kA akhaNDa piNDa hI dravya hai| sUtra 5 : pA~caveM sUtra meM cAra nikSepoM kA kathana hai| saMjJAkaraNa ko nAma kahate haiM jisake aneka bheda haiN| nAma nikSepa kI utpatti meM vaktA kA abhiprAya nimitta hai| isa sambandha meM bauddhoM, mImAMsakoM, vaiyAkaraNoM, dravyapadArthavAdiyoM, zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM kI zaMkAoM va yuktiyoM kA bar3I vidvattA ke sAtha nirAkaraNa karake zabdajanya jJAna kI pramANatA batAyI hai| zabda kA vAcya viSaya vastubhUta hai jo jAti aura vyakti se tAdAtmya sambandha rakhatA huA paramArtha vastu hai| pratyakSAdi ke samAna zabda se bhI vastu meM pravRtti, pratipatti aura prApti honA pAyA jAtA hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa eka dUsare ko chor3a kara nahIM rahate haiN| ataH anya nimittoM kI apekSA na karake saMjJA karane ko nAmanikSepa kahate haiN| nAma kI gayI vastu kI kahIM pratiSThA karanA sthApanA hai| sthApanA meM Adara, anugraha kI AkAMkSA apekSita hai, nAma meM nhiiN| bhaviSya paryAya ke abhimukha vastu ko dravya kahate haiN| dravya kI ananta paryAyeM eka santAnarUpa haiN| sampUrNa dravyoM meM jIvapradhAna hai jo jJAnaguNa se jAnA jAtA hai| vastu kI vartamAna paryAya bhAva hai| nAma, sthApanA, dravya nikSepa dravya kI pradhAnatA se hai, bhAva nikSepa paryAya kI pradhAnatA se puSTa kiyA gayA hai| dravya aura paryAya samudAya rUpa vastu hai| zabda kI apekSA se nikSepa saMkhyAta haiN| samAna jAtivAle vikalpajJAna kI apekSA asaMkhyAta haiM aura artha kI apekSA se nikSepa ananta haiN| nyAsa aura nyasyamAna inakA kathaMcit bheda-abheda hai| nAma aura sthApanA Adi nikSepoM ke viSayoM meM bhI kathaMcit bheda hai| cAroM nikSepoM kI pravRtti eka sthAna para pAyI jA sakatI hai| pratyeka nikSepa se apane-apane yogya nyArI-nyArI arthakriyAoM kA honA siddha hai| ataH cAroM hI vastubhUta haiN| inake binA lokavyavahAra sambhava nahIM hai| ___ sUtra 6 : vastu ko sakalAdeza dvArA jAnane vAle sva-para-prakAzaka pramANoM se aura vastu ke aMza ko vikalAdeza dvArA jAnane vAle zrutajJAnAMza rUpa nayoM se samyagdarzanAdi tathA jIvAdi sampUrNa padArthoM kA nirNaya hotA hai| pramANa ke dvArA vastu ko jAna kara usake aMza ko jAnane meM vivAda hone para naya jJAna pravartatA hai| asaMjJI jIvoM ke nayajJAna nahIM hotaa| kevala zrutajJAna ke viSaya meM hI naya kI pravRtti hai|
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa aura nayarUpa karaNoM se adhigama rUpa phala kathaMcit bhinna hai| yahA~ bauddhoM kI mAnI huI pramANa phalavyavasthA kA aura tadAkAratA kA khaNDana kara jJAnAvaraNa ke vighaTana se grAhya grAhakapana siddha kiyA hai| yathArtha jJAna kI sAdhakatama hone se bhAva indriyA~ pramANa haiN| ajJAnanivRtti pramANa kA abhinna phala hai tathA hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA buddhiyA~ pramANa se bhinna phala haiN| jJAna svarUpa pramANa aura nayoM se sva ke lie adhigama hotA hai tathA vacanasvarUpa yA zabdasvarUpa pramANa-nayoM se dUsaroM ke lie adhigama hotA hai| mati Adi pA~ca jJAna haiN| asti Adika sapta bhaMgoM se pravRtta rahA sAta prakAra kA zabda hai| praznavazAt sAta bhaMgoM kI pravRtti meM koI virodha nahIM hai| anantara AcAryazrI ne syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anusAra sarva vyavasthA kI yojanA para vistRta UhApoha kiyA hai aura ekAntavAdiyoM kI ApattiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| isa sUtra ke bhASya meM aneka prAsaMgika prakaraNoM ko prastuta kara saptabhaMga prakriyA ko syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anusAra pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 7 : saMkSepa se jIvAdika kA adhigama to pramANa aura naya se hotA hai kintu madhyama ruci vAle ziSyoM ke lie isa sUtra kI racanA umA svAmI AcArya ne kI hai vastu ke jAnane meM upayogI nirdezAdi kA kathana kara unako zabdasvarUpa aura jJAnasvarUpa batAyA gayA hai| sabase pahale padArthoM ko nissvarUpa aura avaktavya mAnane vAle bauddhoM ke mata kA khaNDana kara padArthoM ke nirdezya svarUpa kI siddhi kI hai| bauddha koI sambandha bhI nahIM mAnate haiN| unakI isa mAnyatA kA tarkapUrNa khaNDana karate hue svasvAmisambandha ko dRr3hatA se siddha kiyA hai| bauddha sAdhyasAdhana bhAva ko bhI nahIM mAnate, unakI isa sthApanA kA sabala tarkoM se nirasana karate hue sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva kI siddhi kI hai| AdhAra-Adheya ko na mAnane vAloM ke prati dravya guNa Adi kA dRSTAnta dekara adhikaraNa siddha kiyA hai| sampUrNa dravyoM ko Azraya dene vAlA AkAza svayaM apanA bhI Azraya hai| vyavahAra naya se Azraya-AzrayI bhAva hai, nizcaya naya se sampUrNa padArtha svayaM apane Apa meM pratiSThita haiN| sthiti kI siddhi ke lie bauddhoM ke kSaNika ekAnta kA khaNDana kara santAna, samudAya Adi kI vyavasthA batAI hai| sabako eka svarUpa mAnane vAle brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM ke prati hetuoM se padArthoM ke nAnA prakAroM kI siddhi kI hai| isa prakAra pramANasvarUpa nirdeza Adi se aura unake viSaya svarUpa nirdezyatva Adi se adhigati aura adhigamyamAnatA kI jAtI hai| sUtra 8 ; tattvArthoM ke jJAna ke lie AcArya umA svAmI ne isa sUtra meM tIsare vistRta DhaMga ke upAya batAye haiN| AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne isa sUtra ke bhASya meM zUnyavAda yA cArvAka, vaizeSika, brahmAdvaita Adi kI sthApanAoM ko nirasta kara sattA, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, viraha, pariNamana aura alpabahutva kA saMkSepa meM vivecana karate hue kahA hai ki vistAra pUrvaka jJapti ke lie anya granthoM ke vyAkhyAna dekhane caahie| dhavala, sarvArthasiddhi, gommaTasAra Adi siddhAnta granthoM meM isa sUtra ke prameya kA vizada vyAkhyAna hai| yahA~ prathama adhyAya sambandhI dvitIya Ahnika pUrNa hotA hai| pariziSTa meM zlokAnukramaNikA saMkalita hai|
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AbhAra : pUjya gaNinI AryikAzrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI ne apanI abhIkSNa jJAnArAdhanA aura tapa:sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa hI isa kaThina grantha kA mUlAnugAmI anuvAda prastuta kiyA hai aura isake sampAdana-prakAzana karma se mujhe jor3a kara mujha para jo anugraha kiyA hai, etadartha maiM ApakA cira kRtajJa huuN| maiM pUjya mAtAjI ke dIrgha svastha jIvana kI kAmanA karatA huA unake zrIcaraNoM meM savinaya vandAmi nivedana karatA huuN| 'yathAzIghra prakAzana' kI preraka pUjya AryikA gauravamatI mAtAjI ke caraNoM meM sAdara vandAmi nivedana karatA huuN| ___paM. motIcandajI koThArI kI taiyAra kI huI pANDulipi se bhI mUla saMskRta pATha kA milAna kiyA gayA hai| ata: unakA bhI AbhArI huuN| hindI bhASyakAra paM. mANikacandajI kaundeya nyAyAcArya kI vandanIya abhinandanIya pratibhA ko sAdara namana karatA hU~ jinakI bhASA TIkA tattvArtha cintAmaNi' se anuvAda kArya meM va sArAMza likhane meM bahuta sahAyatA milI hai| grantha ke prakAzaka zrIyuta gulAbacandajI surezakumArajI pATanI, guvAhATI ko hArdika dhanyavAda detA huuN| kampyUTara kArya ke lie nidhi kampyUTarsa ke DaoN. kSemaMkara pATanI va unake sahayogiyoM ko hArdika dhanyavAda detA huuN| zobhana mudraNa ke lie hindustAna priMTiMga hAusa, jodhapura ko dhanyavAda detA huuN| samyagjJAna ke isa mahadanuSThAna meM yatkiMcit sahayoga dene vAle sabhI bhavyoM ke prati hArdika AbhAra vyakta karatA huuN| sampAdana-prakAzana karma meM rahI bhUloM ke lie svAdhyAyI pAThakoM se kSamAprArthI huuN| 31 mArca, 2009 vinIta DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI Wan Wan Wan
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ // zrIvItarAgAya namaH // Wan zAstrasvAdhyAya kA prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa hai OM namaH siddhebhyaH! OM nama: siddhebhyaH! OM namaH siddhebhyaH! oMkAraM bindusaMyuktaM, nityaM dhyAyanti yoginaH / kAmadaM mokSadaM caiva, OMkArAya namonamaH / / aviralazabdaghanaugha-prakSAlitasakala-bhUtalakalaGkA / munibhirupAsitatIrthA, sarasvatI haratu no duritam // ajJAnatimirAndhAnAM, jnyaanaanyjnshlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena, tasmai zrIgurave nmH|| zrIparamagurave namaH, paramparAcAryagurubhyo namaH / sakalakaluSavidhvaMsakaM, zreyasAM parivardhakaM, dharmasambandhakaM, bhavyajIvamanaHpratibodhakArakaM, puNyaprakAzakaM, pApapraNAzakamidaM zAstraM 'zrItattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAra' nAmadheyaM asya mUlagranthakartAraH zrIsarvajJadevAstaduttaragranthakartAraH zrIgaNadharadevAH pratigaNadharadevAsteSAM vaco'nusAratAmAsAdya pUjya zrIvidyAnandAcAryeNa viracitaM idaM zAstraM / zrotAra: sAvadhAnatayA shRnnvntu| maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maGgalaM gautamo gnnii| maGgalaM kundakundAdyo, jainadharmo'stu mngglm|| sarvamaGgalamAGgalyaM, sarvakalyANakAraNam / pradhAnaM sarvadharmANAM, jainaM jayati zAsanam //
Page #14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *1 atha samyagdarzanavipratipattinivRttyarthamAha ___tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam // 2 // ___ nanu samyagdarzanazabdanirvacanasAmarthyAdeva samyagdarzanasvarUpanirNayAdazeSatadvipratipattinivRtteH siddhatvAttadarthaM tallakSaNavacanaM na yuktimadeveti kasyacidArekA, tAmapAkaroti;samyak zabde prazaMsArthe dRzAvAlocanasthitau / na samyagdarzanaM labhyamiSTamityAha lakSaNam // 1 // sUtrakAro'tra tattvArthazraddhAnamiti darzanam / dhAtvanekArthavRttitvAd dRzeH zraddhArthatAgateH // 2 // samyagiti prazaMsArtho nipAtaH kvayaMto veti vacanAt prazaMsArthoyaM samyak zabdaH siddhaH prazastaniHzreyasAbhyudayahetutvAddarzanasya prazastatvopapatte nacAritravat / dRzezcAlocane sthitiH prasiddhA, dRzin prekSaNe iti vcnaat| tatra samyak pazyatyanenetyAdikaraNasAdhanatvAdivyavasthAyAM darzanazabdanirukteriSTalakSaNaM aba mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa karane ke anantara samyagdarzana kI vipratipatti (vivAda) kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie AcArya sUtra kahate haiM - tattvoM kA zraddhAna samyagdarzana / tattvarUpa se kathita arthoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai||2|| zaMkA : samyak aura darzana ina donoM zabdoM kA jo vAcya artha hai usake sAmarthya se hI samyagdarzana ke svarUpa kA nirNaya (nizcaya) aura samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa sambandhI azeSa vivAdoM ke nirAkaraNa kI siddhi ho jAne se samyagdarzana kI siddhi ke lie usake lakSaNa kA kathana karane vAle sUtra kI racanA karanA upayukta nahIM hai| isa prakAra kI gaI kisI kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karate haiN| samAdhAna : samyak zabda 'prazaMsA' artha meM hai arthAt samyak zabda kA artha hai prazaMsA aura darzana zabda sAmAnya dekhane ke artha meM hai, ataH samyagdarzana zabda se abhISTa samyagdarzana kA artha prApta nahIM hotaa| so sUtrakAra ne isa meM 'tattvArthazraddhAnaM' ko hI samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kahA hai| dhAtuoM kI aneka arthoM meM vRtti (pravRtti) hotI hai ataH darzana kA artha yahA~ zraddhAna hotA hai||1-2|| 'samyak' yaha prazaMsArthaka zabda nipAta yA kvipa pratyayAnta hai| isa kathana se yaha samyak zabda prazaMsArtha meM siddha hai kyoMki yaha samyak zabda prazaMsanIya niHzreyasa (mokSa) aura abhyudaya (sAMsArika cakravartI, indra, tIrthaMkara Adi) kA kAraNa hai ataH samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke samAna darzana kA prazastatva upapatti yukta hai arthAt mokSa aura abhyudaya kA kAraNa hone se darzana prazaMsanIya hai| ___ "dRzin prekSaNe'' isa vacana se dRz dhAtu Alocana, dekhane artha meM prasiddha hai| ata: yahA~ jisake dvArA samIcIna dekhA jA sakatA hai isa prakAra karaNa sAdhanatva, bhAva sAdhanatva Adi vyavasthA hone para darzana zabda kA nirukti artha se iSTa lakSaNa samyagdarzana prApta nahIM hotaa| arthAt-jisake dvArA dekhA jAtA hai, isa prakAra dRzi dhAtu se lyuT pratyaya karake karaNAdi sAdhana se utpanna huA darzana zabda samyagdarzana kA dyotaka
Page #15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *2 samyagdarzanaM na labhyata eva tataH prazastAlocanamAtrasya lbdheH| na ca tadeveSTamativyApitvAdabhavyasya mithyAdRSTeH prazastAlocanasya smygdrshnprsNgaat| tata: sUtrakAro'tra "tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam" iti tallakSaNaM bravIti, tadvacanamaMtareNAtivyApteH parihartumazakteH / zabdArthAtikramaH zraddhAnArthatvAbhAvAd dRzeriti cet na, anekArthatvAd dhAtUnAM dRzeH zraddhAnArthatvagateH / kathamanekasminnarthe sambhavatyapi zraddhAnArthasyaiva gatiriti cet, prakaraNavizeSAt / mokSakAraNatvaM hi prakRtaM tattvArthazraddhAnasya yujyate naalocnaaderrthaaNtrsy| bhagavadarhadAdyAlocanasya mokSakAraNatvopapattestatprakaraNAdapi na tannivRttiriti cet, tattvArthazraddhAnena rahitasya mokSakAraNatve'tiprasaMgAt, tena sahitasya tu tatkAraNatve tadeva mokSasya kAraNaM tadAlocanAbhAvepi zraddhAnasya tadbhAvAvirodhAt // arthagrahaNatonarthazraddhAnaM vinivAritam / kalpitArthavyavacchedorthasya tattvavizeSaNAt // 3 // nahIM hai| kyoMki isase to bhale prakAra dekhanA hI artha dhvanita hotA hai tathA dekhanA artha ativyApti doSa se dUSita hone se iSTa nahIM hai kyoMki samyagavalokana karane vAle abhavya mithyAdRSTi ke bhI samyagdarzana kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt samyagdekhanA to abhavya mithyAdRSTi ke bhI hotA hai| isalie sUtrakAra ne yahA~ 'tattvArtha zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai' yaha lakSaNa kahA hai| samyagdarzana ke isa lakSaNa ke kathana binA ativyApti ko dUra karanA zakya nahIM hai| zaMkA : dRz dhAtu ke zraddhAna artha kA abhAva hone se isakA zraddhAna artha karanA zabdArtha kA atikrama hai| samAdhAna : aisA nahIM kahanA, kyoMki dhAtuoM ke aneka artha hote haiM, dRz dhAtu kA artha zraddhAna bhI hotA hai| zaMkA : dRz dhAtu ke jaba aneka artha hote haiM to zraddhAna artha kI jJapti kaise hotI hai ? samAdhAna : dRz dhAtu ke aneka artha saMbhava hone para bhI prakaraNa vizeSa se zraddhAna artha kA jJAna hotA hai| kyoMki yahA~ mokSa ke kAraNatva kA prakaraNa hone se samyagdarzana kA artha 'tattvArthazraddhAna' karanA hI zreyaskara hai| dekhanA Adi artha karanA upayukta nahIM hai, yaha arthAntara hai| __ zaMkA : arhanta deva Adi kA darzana karane ke bhI mokSakAraNatva siddha hai ataH darzana kA prakaraNa hone se dekhane artha kI nivRtti nahIM hotI ? samAdhAna : tattvArtha zraddhAna se rahita prANI ke arhanta Adi ke darzana ko mokSa-kAraNatva mAna lene para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt abhavya mithyAdRSTi ke bhI arhanta Adi kA darzana mokSa kA kAraNa ho jaayegaa| samyagdarzana sahita ke arhanta Adi ke darzana ko mokSa kA kAraNa mAna lene para mokSa kA kAraNa samyagdarzana hI siddha hotA hai kyoMki samyagdRSTi ke arhanta Adi ke darzana ke abhAva meM bhI samyagdarzana rahatA hai, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| ___samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kahane vAle sUtra meM 'artha' ke grahaNa se anartha zraddhAna kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura artha ke tattva vizeSaNa se kalpitArtha zraddhAna ke samyagdarzana ho jAne kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai||3|| 1. jo lakSaNa lakSya- alakSya donoM meM jAtA hai use ativyApti kahate haiM ata: samyagdekhanA aisA samyagdarzana zabda kA artha karane para yaha artha mithyAtva aura samyagdarzana donoM meM jAtA hai| ata: ativyApti doSa se dUSita hai|
Page #16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 3 lakSaNasya tato nAtivyAptirdRgmohavarjitam / puMrUpaM taditi dhvastA tasyAvyAptirapi sphuTam // 4 // zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanamityucyamAne'narthazraddhAnamapi tatsyAdityativyAptirlakSaNasya mAbhUt arthagrahaNAt |n cArthAnarthavibhAgo durghaTa: prmaannopdrshitsyaarthtvsiddheritrsyaanrthtvvyvsthaanaat| sarvo vAgvikalpagocarortha eva pramANopadarzitatvAdanyathA tadanupapatteH, pramANopadarzitatvaM tu sarvasya vikalpavAggocaratvAnyathAnupapatteH tato nAnarthaH kazcidityanye / tepyevaM prssttvyaaH| sarvonartha eveti pakSo'rthe syAdvA na vA ? syAccetsarvasyArthatvavyAghAto durnivAraH, na syAccettena vyabhicArI heturvAgvikalpagocaratvena pramANopadarzitatvasyArthatvamaMtareNApi bhAvAt / yadi puna: pramANopadarzita eva na bhavati tadA vikalpavAggocaratvaM tenAnaikAMtikaM sAdhyAbhAvepi bhAvAt / yadi puna:sarvonartha eveti pakSo vikalpavAggocaro na bhavatIti bruvate tadA svvcnvirodhH| kutazcidavidyAvizeSAt sarvonartha iti vyavahAro na tAttvika iti cet, sa ta_vidyAvizeSo'rtho'nartho vA ? yadyarthastadA kathametannibaMdhano vyavahAro'tAttvika: syAtsarvortha eveti isalie tattvArtha zraddhAna' samyagdarzana kA yaha lakSaNa ativyApti doSa se rahita hai| darzanamoha rahita samyagdarzana AtmA kA svarUpa hai, ata: "tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanaM" isa lakSaNa se samyagdarzana ke avyApti 1 doSa kA bhI nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt tattvArtha zraddhAna rUpa samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa tInoM prakAra ke samyagdarzana meM jAtA hai| ataH avyApti doSa se dUSita nahIM hai||4|| artha kA grahaNa 'anartha' kI nivRtti ke lie hai . : zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, aisA kahane para anarthoM (avAstavika padArthoM) kA zraddhAna bhI samyagdarzanatva ko prApta hogA, ataH lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa ko dUra karane ke lie 'artha' pada kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| tathA artha aura anartha kA vibhAga durghaTa (duSkara) bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki pramANa ke dvArA nirUpita artha ke arthatva aura usase viparIta ke anarthatva prasiddha hI hai| - dUsarA koI kahatA hai ki pramANa ke dvArA upadarzita ho jAne se sarva artha hI vacana aura vikalpa ke gocara haiN| anyathA (zabda aura vikalpa ke gocara na hoM to) pramANa ke dvArA upadarzitva (kathita) nahIM ho sktaa| sarva hI padArthoM ke pramANa ke dvArA upadarzitva hai ata: sarva padArthoM ke vikalpavAggocaratva anyathA anupapatti hai, isalie koI anartha nahIM hai arthAt sarva hI artha haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki -unako isa prakAra pUchanA cAhie ki 'sarva anartha hI hai' yaha pakSa artha meM hai ki nahIM ? yadi artha meM yaha pakSa hai to sarva ke arthatva kA vyAghAta durnivAra hogaa| yadi yaha pakSa artha meM nahIM hai to vAg vikalpa gocaratva se hetu vyabhicArI hogA kyoMki pramANopadarzitva ke arthatva ke binA bhI sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| yadi vaha artha pramANopadarzita hI nahIM hotA hai to vAga vikalpa gocaratva hetu anaikAntika doSa se dUSita hogA kyoMki sAdhya artha ke abhAva meM bhI vAg vikalpa gocaratva hetu kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| yadi kaho ki sarva anartha (padArtha nahIM) hI hai aura vaha vikalpa vacana ke agocara hotA hai to svavacana kA virodha hotA hai| arthAt sarva artha nahIM hai, yaha zabda se bolA bhI jA rahA hai aura vikalpa jJAna evaM vacana ke gocara bhI kahA jA rahA hai, ata: svavacana bAdhita hai| koI kahatA hai- "sarva anartha hai" isa prakAra kA vyavahAra kisI viziSTa avidyA se hotA hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| to hama kahate haiM ki vaha avidyA vizeSa artha (padArtha) hai ki anartha (apadArtha) hai ? 1. pUre lakSya meM nahIM jAne vAle lakSaNa ko avyApta kahate haiN|
Page #17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 4 zreyaH, vyvhaarvt| sonarthazcet, kathaM sarvortha evetyekAMta: sidhdyet ? sarvonartha evetyekAMtopi na sAdhIyAn, tadvyavasthApakasyAnarthatve tatastatsidhyayogAdarthatve sarvAnarthataikAMtahAneH / saMvinmAtramarthAnarthavibhAgarahitamityapi saMvinmAtrasyaivArthatvAttatonyasyAnarthatvasiddheH / sarvasyApyAnarthavibhAgasiddheravazyaMbhAvAdyuktamarthagrahaNamanarthazraddhAnanivRttyarthaM / kalpitArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanamevaM syAttataH saivAtivyAptiriti, cet na, tttvvishessnnaat| nanvarthagrahaNAdeva kalpitArthasya nivRttestasyAnarthatvAtvyarthaM tattvavizeSaNamiti cet na, dhanaprayojanAbhidheyavizeSAbhAvAnAmarthazabdavAcyAnAM grahaNaprasaMgAt / na ca teSAM zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanasya lakSaNaM yuktaM, dharmAdartho dhanamiti zraddadhAnasyAbhavyAderapi samyagdarzanaprasakteH / "korthaH putreNa yadi avidyA vizeSa vastubhUta artha hai to usa vastubhUta avidyA se hone vAlA nibandhana vyavahAra avAstavika kaise hogaa| jaise sarva artha hI hai, isa vyavahAra ke samAna arthAt jaise sarva artha hai, yaha vyavahAra avAstavika nahIM hai usI prakAra yaha bhI avAstavika nahIM hogaa| yadi kaho ki 'sarva anartha hI hai' to 'sarva artha hI hai' aisA ekAnta siddha kaise ho sakatA hai? sarva anartha (apadArtha) hI hai, isa prakAra kA ekAnta bhI siddha nahIM hotA arthAt padArtha hai hI nahIM, aisA mithyAbhAsa hotA hai| aisA bhI ekAnta siddha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki, usa anartha ke vyavasthApaka pramANa ke bhI anarthatva ho jAne para usa pramANa se anarthatva kI siddhi kA ayoga hotA hai| tathA pramANa ko arthatva mAna lene para 'sarva padArtha anarthatva hai' isa ekAnta mAnyatA kI hAni hotI hai| "artha - anartha ke vibhAga se rahita saMvedana mAtra (vijJAna) hI hai|'' 'saMsAra meM padArtha nahIM haiM kevala vijJAna mAtra hai' aisA kahanA bhI zreSTha nahIM hai kyoMki vijJAna mAtra ko arthatva (vAstavika) svIkAra kara lene para pramANa se bhinna sarva padArthoM meM anarthatva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| ataH sabhI padArthoM kI vivakSA se arthatva aura anarthatva kA vibhAga avazya hI siddha ho jAtA hai| isalie sUtra meM 'artha' kA grahaNa anartha-zraddhAna kI nivRtti ke lie hai| 'tattva' vizeSaNa dene kA hetu 'kalpita artha kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai' aisA hone para vahI ativyApti doSa hai arthAt 'arthazraddhAna samyagdarzana hai' aisA samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa ativyApti doSa se dUSita hai? aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki artha ke sAtha tattva' yaha vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| prazna : arthagrahaNa se hI kalpita artha kI nivRtti ho jAne se tattva vizeSaNa nirarthaka hai kayoMki artha hI vAstavika hai, zeSa avAstavika hai| uttara : tattva vizeSaNa vyartha nahIM hai kyoMki tattva vizeSaNa na hone se dhana, prayojana, abhidheya vizeSa, abhAva (nivRtti) Adi artha zabda ke sarva vAcyoM ke grahaNa kA prasaMga AtA hai| parantu dhana Adi kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana kA ThIka lakSaNa nahIM hai kyoMki dharma se artha, dhana prApta hotA hai| aisA zraddhAna karane vAle abhavya mithyAdRSTi ke bhI samyagdarzana kI prApti kA prasaMga AtA
Page #18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *5 jAtena yo na vidvAnna dhArmika'' iti prayojanavAcinorthazabdAt prayojanaM zraddadhatopi sdRssttitvaaptteH|dhnpryojnyoraabhipraayo mohodayAdavAstava eva prakSINamohAnAmudAsInAnAmiva mamedaM svaM dhanaM prayojanaM ceti sNprtyyaanupptteH| suvarNAderdezakAlanarAMtarApekSAyAM dhanaprayojanatvApratItervastudharmasya tadayogAtsuvarNatvAdivaditi ke cit / teSAM krodhAdayopyAtmanaH pAramArthikA na syurmohodynibNdhntvaaddhnpryojnyoraabhipraayvt| teSAmaudayikatvena vAstavatvamiti cet, anyatra samAnaM / vastusvarUpaM dhanaM prayojanaM vA na bhavatIti cet, satyaM, vaizrasikatvApekSayA tasya vsturuuptvvyvsthaanaasNbhvaat| paropAdhikRtatvena tu tasya vAstavatvamaniSiddhameveti nAnarthatvaM, yenArthagrahaNAdeva tannivartanaM sidhdyet / tathAbhidheye "usa putra ke utpanna hone se kyA artha (prayojana) hai jo dhArmika nahIM hai aura vidvAn bhI nahIM hai|" isa prakAra prayojanavAcI 'artha' zabda se prayojana kA zraddhAna karane vAle ke bhI samyagdarzanatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| . dhana, prayojana meM artha kA abhiprAya moha karma ke udaya se hotA hai ata: vAstavika nahIM hai| jaise udAsInoM ke 'yaha dhana, prayojana mere haiN|' isa prakAra kA saMpratyaya (jJAna) nahIM hotA, usI prakAra prakSINamohI ke bhI yaha dhana, prayojana merA hai' ityAdi rUpa vikalpa nahIM hotA tathA deza (bhogabhUmi), kAla (suSamAdi), nara (dhanADhyAdi) kI apekSA se suvarNa Adi meM dhanaprayojanatva Adi kI apratIti hai| arthAt bhogabhUmi Adi ke manuSyoM ke dhana se koI prayojana nahIM rahatA ata: suvarNatva Adi ke samAna artha meM vastu dharma kI ayogatA hai arthAt dhana prayojanabhUta vastu nahIM hai, aisA koI kahate haiM arthAt dhanAdi moha ke udaya se prayojanabhUta haiM, anyathA nhiiN| .. AcArya unako uttara dete haiM ki jaise 'dhana merA prayojanIbhUta hai'-yaha bhAva mohanIya karma ke udaya se hone se aparamArthika hai, usI prakAra unake krodhAdika bhAva bhI AtmA ke aparamArthika hoMge-kyoMki ve bhI mohanIya karma ke udaya ke kAraNa se hote haiN| krodhAdika bhAva audayika hone se AtmA ke haiM aura vAstavika haiM, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA vAstavikapanA to anyatra bhI samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai| arthAt svarNa merA dhana hai, svarNa prApta karanA merA prayojana hai, aisA pratyaya (vijJAna) cAritra mohanIya karma ke udaya se bhI hotA hai| ataH yaha bhI vAstavika hai| koI kahatA hai- "dhana aura prayojana vastu svarUpa (vAstavika) nahIM haiM arthAt rAgAdika vAstavika ho sakate haiM, parantu dhana Adi vAstavika nahIM haiN| ... uttara : "dhanAdika vastu kA svarUpa nahIM haiN|" yaha tumhArA kahanA satya hai kyoMki svAbhAvika pariNAma kI apekSA svarNa ke vasturUpatva vyavasthAna kI asaMbhavatA hai parantu para-upAdhikRtatva nimitta kI apekSA dhana aura prayojana ke vAstavapane kA niSedha nahIM hai| ata: sarvathA dhanatva aura prayojanatva anartha hI nahIM hai arthAt kathaMcit artharUpa (vAstavika) bhI hai| yadi sarvathA dhanAdi anartha hote to sUtra meM artha grahaNa karane se anartha kI nivRtti siddha ho jaatii| arthAt dhana aura prayojana artha haiM, inakA zraddhAna karanA bhI samyagdarzana ho jAne se ativyApti doSa AtA (yaha lakSaNa mithyAdRSTi meM bhI calA jAtA) ata: usakA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie arthapada kA vizeSaNa, tattva kahA gayA hai| tattvArtha zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai (artha zraddhAna nhiiN)|
Page #19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 6 vizeSe abhAve cArthe zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanasya lakSaNamavyApi prasajyate, sarvasyAbhidheyatvAbhAvAd vyaMjanaparyAyANAmevAbhidheyatayA vyavasthApitatvAdarthaparyAyANAmAkhyAtumazakterananugamanAt saMketasya tatra vaiyarthyAd vyavahArAsiddhernAbhidheyasyArthasya zraddhAnaM tallakSaNaM yuktaM / nApi vizeSasya sAmAnyazraddhAnasya drshntvaabhaavprsNgaat| tathaivAbhAvasyArthasya zraddhAnaM na tallakSaNaM bhAvazraddhAnasyAsaMgrahAdavyAptiprasakteH / nanvevamarthagrahaNAdivattattvavacanAdapi kathamabhidheyavizeSAbhAvAnAM nivRttisteSAM kalpitatvAbhAvAditi cet na, abhidheyasya zabdanayopakalpitatvAdvizeSasya RjusUtropakalpitatvAdabhAvasya ca dhanaprayojanavatkalpitatvasiddhestAvanmAtrasya sakalavastutvAbhAvAdvastveka dezatayA sthitatvAt / tathA abhidheya (vAcya) vizeSa aura abhAva artha meM bhI artha zabda kA prayoga hotA hai| ata: unakA zraddhAna samyagdarzana, yaha lakSaNa bhI avyApti doSa se dUSita hai| jaise sarva padArtha ke abhidheyatvaM (zabda ke dvArA vAcyatva) kA abhAva hai kyoMki vyaJjana paryAyoM ke hI vAcyatA ke dvArA nirUpaNa karanA vyavasthita hai, arthaparyAyoM kA vacana ke dvArA kathana karanA zakya nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ saMketa kA anugama nahIM hai| vAcyavAcaka sambandha saMketa kA anugamana karane vAle hote haiM arthAt anya padArthoM ke sAdRzya ko lekara hI zabdoM kI pravRtti hotI hai|(jaise ghaTa zabda sunakara ghaTa sadRza anya ghaTa meM bhI ghaTa zabda kA prayoga ho jAtA hai|) tathA arthaparyAya meM vyavahAra kI asiddhi hone se saMketa kI vyarthatA hotI hai| arthAt-arthaparyAya pratikSaNa vilakSaNa hI utpanna hotI hai vA saMketa kAla meM ve sUkSma paryAyeM hamAre pratyakSa hI nahIM haiM; unakA vacana ke dvArA kathana kaise ho sakatA hai? ata: ve abhidheya nahIM haiM parantu unakA zraddhAna samyagdRSTi ko avazya hai ataH abhidheya artha kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, aisA samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa samaya samyagdRSTi anabhidheya (vacana ke agocara) tattva kA ciMtana karatA hai, usa samaya vaha lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hotaa| ata: vaha avyApti doSa se dUSita lakSaNa hai| vizeSa kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sAmAnya kA zraddhAna karane vAle ke samyagdarzana ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt 'artha' kA artha vizeSa hai aura vizeSa kA zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai, aisA kahane se sAmAnya zraddhAna samyagdarzana nahIM hotA parantu samyagdRSTi jIva vizeSa ke sAtha sAmAnya kA bhI zraddhAna karatA hai| kyoMki sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM hI vastu ke tadAtmaka aMza haiN| usI prakAra abhAva rUpa artha kA zraddhAna karanA bhI samyagdarzana kA doSayukta lakSaNa hai| isa lakSaNa meM bhI bhAvarUpa zraddhAna kA saMgraha na hone se avyApti doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| zaMkA : jaise akele artha zabda kA grahaNa karane se abhidheya, vizeSa aura abhAva kI nivRtti hotI hai vaise tattva' ke grahaNa karane se abhidheya, vizeSa aura abhAva kA nirAkaraNa kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki abhidheya Adi ke bhI kalpitatva kA abhAva hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dhana evaM prayojana ke samAna abhidheyAdi meM bhI kalpitapanA hai| jaise abhidheya kA zabdanaya kI apekSA kalpitatva hai, vizeSa ke RjusUtra naya kI apekSA kalpitapanA hai aura abhAva ke paracatuSTaya kI apekSA kalpitapanA hai kyoMki nirapekSa abhidheya vizeSa aura abhAva vastu kA svabhAva nahIM hai| kintu artha meM abhidheyapanA Adi vastu ke ekadeza rUpa se sthita haiN| ata: artha ko tattva vizeSaNa lagA dene se ekAnta abhidheya Adi kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai aura isase avyApti doSa dUra ho jAne se samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa doSarahita ho jAtA hai|
Page #20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 7 tattvazraddhAnamityastu laghutvAdativyAptyavyAptyorasaMbhavAdityaparaH / sopi na parAnugrahabuddhistattvazabdArthe saMdehAt / tattvamiti zraddhAnaM tattvasya vA tattve vA tattvena vetyAdipakSa: saMbhavet kvcinirnnyaanupptteH| na hi tattvamiti zraddhAnaM tattvazraddhAnamityayaM pakSa: zreyAn "puruSa evedaM sarvaM neha nAnAsti kiMcana" iti sarvaikatvasya tattvasya, jJAnAdvaitAdervA zraddhAnaprasaMgAt / nApi tattvasya tattve tattvena vA zraddhAnamiti pakSAH saMgacchaMte kasya kasmin veti prshnaavinivRtteH| tattvavizeSaNe tvarthe zraddhAnasya na kiMcidavA darzanamoharahitasya puruSasvarUpasya vA tattvArthazraddhAnazabdenAbhidhAnAt, sarAgavItarAgasamyagdarzanayostasya sadbhAvAdavyApteH sphuTaM vidhvaMsanAt / kathaM tarhi tattvenArtho vizeSyate ? ityucyate;yattvenAvasthito bhAvastattvenaivAryamANakaH / tattvArthaH sakalonyastu mithyArtha iti gamyate // 5 // koI kahatA hai- sUtra meM lAghavatA hone se tathA avyApti evaM ativyApti doSoM kI asambhavatA hone se tattvazraddhAnaM' aisA sUtra banAnA caahie| AcArya vidyAnandI kahate haiM ki lAghavatA (sUtra meM mAtrA kama) hone se 'tattvazraddhAnaM' aisA sUtra banAnA cAhie, kahane vAlA paropakArabuddhi vAlA nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA banAne se artha meM saMzaya ho jAtA hai tattva kA zraddhAna, tattva meM zraddhAna athavA tattva ke dvArA zraddhAna Adi aneka artha hone kI saMbhAvanA hai, kahIM para bhI nirNaya nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt akele tattva zabda kA uccAraNa karane se "tattva hai" isa prakAra zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai yA tattva kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai athavA "tattva meM zraddhAna karanA" kiMvA tattva ke dvArA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, ityAdi aneka pakSa saMbhava haiM; kisI eka artha kA nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA / isameM tattvamiti' 'tattva' hai, aisA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, yaha pakSa to zreyaskara nahIM hai| kyoMki brahmAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai, 'puruSa hI saba kucha hai, vahI tattva hai anya nAnA kucha bhI nahIM haiM, usake zraddhAna karane kA vA jJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddha kahate haiM "sabakA ekapanA hI vastubhUta tattva padArtha hai, anya kucha nahIM' isa jJAnAdvaita ke zraddhAna karane kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt brahmAdvaita evaM jJAnAdvaita kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai, aisA artha hone se lakSaNa sadoSa hotA hai| tathA tattva kA zraddhAna, tattva meM zraddhAna aura tattva ke dvArA zraddhAna aisI SaSThI, tatpuruSa saptamI evaM tRtIyA tatpuruSa samAsa karanA bhI zreSTha nahIM hai kyoMki aisA karane para kisa kA zraddhAna, kisa tattva meM zraddhAna aura kisa tattva ke dvArA zraddhAna ityAdi praznoM kI nivRtti nahIM ho sktii| . 'tattva' vizeSaNa sahita artha kahane para, tattva se nirNIta artha kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kahane para samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa nirdoSa hotA hai, isameM koI doSa nahIM rhtaa| kyoMki darzanamohanIya karma ke udaya se rahita puruSasvarUpa kA tattvArtha zraddhAna zabda se abhidhAna hone se sarAga vItarAga donoM samyagdarzanoM meM isa lakSaNa kA sadbhAva hone se avyApti doSa kA sphuTarUpa se vidhvaMsa ho jAtA hai| arthAt tattva se nirNIta artha kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa sarAga-vItarAga donoM samyagdarzanoM meM jAtA ha ata: ativyApti evaM avyApti doSa se rahita hai| prazna : tattvarUpa se nirNIta artha kI kyA viziSTatA hai? aisA pUchane para uttara dete haiM- jo padArtha jisa prakAra se avasthita hai, vaha usI prakAra gamyamAna hotA hai, vaha sakala tattvArtha hai, usase anya sarva mithyArtha jAnA jAtA hai, kahA jAtA hai| arthAt svabhAva se bhinna kalpita jAnanA mithyArtha hai, vastu ke svabhAva kA zraddhAna karanA hI samyagdarzana hai, anya kalpanA karake vastu kA zraddhAna samyagdarzana nahIM hai, apitu mithyAdarzana hai||5||
Page #21
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 28 taditi sAmAnyAbhidhAyinI prakRtiH sarvanAmatvAt, tadapekSatvAtpratyayArthasya bhAvasAmAnyasaMpratyayastattvavacanAt, tasya bhAvastattvamiti, na tu guNAdisaMpratyayastadanapekSatvAt pratyayArthasya / tatra tattvenAryamANastattvArtha ityukte sAmarthyAdgamyate yattvenAvasthita iti, yattadornityasaMbaMdhAt / tenaitaduktaM bhavati, yattvena jIvAditvenAvasthitaH pramANanayairbhAvastattvenaivAryamANastattvArthaH sakalo jIvAdirna punastadaMzamAtramupakalpitaM kutazciditi / tatonyastu sarvathaikAMtavAdibhirabhimanyamAno mithyArthastasya pramANanayaistathAryamANatvAbhAvAditi svayaM prekSAvadbhirgamyate kiM nazciMtayA // mohArekAviparyAsavicchedAttatra darzanam / samyagityabhidhAnAttu jJAnamapyevamIritam // 6 // tatra tattvArthe kasyacidavyutpattirmohodhyavasAyApAya iti yaavt| calitA pratipattirArekA, kimayaM jIvAdiH kimitthamiti vA dharmiNi dharme vA kvcidvsthaanaabhaavaat| atasmiMstadadhyavasAyo viparyAsaH / iti ___tattva zabda prakRti apekSA bhAva sAmAnya vAcaka hai, sarvanAma hone se| 'tat' usa vivakSita padArtha kA jo bhAva hai pariNAma hai vaha tattva hai ata: tattva zabda ke pratyaya artha se sAmAnya bhAvoM kA jJAna hotA hai, "tasya bhAvastattvaM" usakA bhAva tattva kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra tattva zabda se gaNa, artha paryAya. vyaJjana paryAya Adi vizeSoM kA jJAna nahIM hotA kyoMki tat pratyayArtha ke vizeSa kI apekSA nahIM hai| (yaha bhAva vAcI hai ata: isameM bhAva sAmAnya kI apekSA hai) isa sUtra meM "tattva ke dvArA jo gamya hai vA tattva se jAnA jAtA hai vaha tattvArtha hai" aisA kahane para sUtra ke sAmarthya se yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki jo padArtha jisa svabhAva se avasthita hai, usakA usI rUpa se honA tattvArtha hai kyoMki yat jo , tat vaha, yat aura tat kA nitya sambandha hai, eka ke hone para dUsarA hotA hI hai ataH tattvArtha kA artha hai ki jina jIvAdi svarUpa se padArtha avasthita hai usI svabhAva se pramANa naya ke dvArA jAne gaye ve tattvArtha haiM ataH sabhI jIva, ajIva, Asrava, baMdha Adi padArtha tattva haiN| ___ ajJAniyoM ke dvArA kalpita unakA nitya Adi eka aMza mAtra tattvArtha nahIM ho sakatA, unake aMza meM arthapanA honA kisI prakAra bhI saMbhava nahIM hai ata: sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka jIvAdi padArthoM se bhinna sarvathA nityAdi ekAntavAdiyoM ke dvArA abhimAnya (kathita) tattva mithyArtha hai kyoMki usake pramANa aura naya ke dvArA vastusthiti anusAra jJAyamAnatva (samIcIna rUpa se kathitatva ) kA abhAva hai, isa bAta ko vidvAn svayaM jAnate haiM, hamArI vizeSa ciMtA se kyA prayojana hai| 'samyak' vizeSaNa kA abhiprAya ___isa sUtra meM 'samyak' isa zabda ke abhidhAna (kathana vA grahaNa) se moha (anadhyavasAya), saMzaya aura viparItatA rahita darzana (zraddhAna) samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai tathA isa 'samyak' zabda kA jJAna ke sAtha prayoga karake anadhyavasAya, saMzaya, viparyaya rahita jJAna samyagjJAna hai, aisA kathana karanA cAhie // 6 // usa tattvArtha ke viSaya meM kisI ke avyutpatti (ajJAna) mithyAtva hai jisameM moha hai aura adhyavasAya kA apAya hai arthAt anadhyavasAya hai| avyutpanna-hitAhita ke viveka se rahita hone se ajJAna rUpa hai| calita pratipatti saMzaya mithyAtva kahalAtA hai| jisameM yaha jIva hai ? yA ajIva hai ? yaha kyA hai ? isa prakAra dharma aura dharmI meM kahIM para avasthAna (nizcaya) kA abhAva rahatA hai arthAt padArtha kA nirNaya nahIM hotA / atad vastu meM tat rUpa kA viparIta nizcaya (nirNaya) honA viparIta mithyAtva hai| isa prakara saMkSepa meM avyutpanna
Page #22
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 9 saMkSepatastrividhamithyaudarzanavyavacchedAdupajAyamAnaM samyagiti vijnyaapyte| jJAnamapyevameva samyagiti niveditaM, tasya mohAdivyavacchedena tattvArthAdhyavasAyasya vyavasthApanAt / tarhi sUtrakAreNa samyagjJAnasya lakSaNaM kasmAdbhedena noktam ?sAmarthyAdAdisUtre tanniruktyA lakSitaM ytH| cAritravattato noktaM jJAnAderlakSaNaM pRthak // 7 // yathA pAvakazabdasyoccAraNAt sNprtiiyte| tadarthalakSaNaM tadvajjJAnacAritrazabdanAt // 8 // jJAnAdilakSaNaM tasya siddheryatnAMtaraM vRthA / zabdArthAvyabhicAreNa na pRthaglakSaNaM kvacit // 9 // nanvevaM matyAdInAM pRthaglakSaNasUtraM vaktavyaM zabdArthavyabhicArAditi na codyaM, 'kAraNAdivizeSasUtraista (ajJAna), saMzaya aura viparIta ke bheda se mithyAtva tIna prakAra kA hai| ina tInoM mithyAtvadarzana ke vyavaccheda se utpanna samyagdarzana 'samyak' zabda se jAnA jAtA hai arthAt darzana ke sAtha 'samyak' vizeSaNa se ina tInoM mithyAdarzanoM kA uccheda ho jAtA hai| . isI prakAra jJAna bhI 'samyak' vizeSaNa se viziSTa hai, aisA kathana kiyA hai kyoMki moha, saMzaya aura viparItatA se rahita tattvArtha kA nirNaya karane vAle jJAna kA moha, saMzaya aura anadhyavasAya ke vyavaccheda (vinAza) se hI vyavasthApana (samyagnirNaya) hotA hai| zaMkA : kyA samyagdarzana ke samAna hI samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa hai? sUtrakAra ne samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa bheda (pRthak) rUpa se kyoM nahIM kahA? samAdhAna : isa zaMkA kA AcArya uttara dete haiM . jaise Adi (prathama) sUtra meM kathita cAritra kA lakSaNa usakI nirukti (yathArtha nAma) ke sAmarthya se jAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra jJAnAdi kA bhI lakSaNa 'jJAna' isa nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| arthAt samyak sva meM caraNa (AcaraNa) samyakcAritra jAnA jAtA hai| usI prakAra samyak , jaise kA taisA sva-para kA jJAna (jAnanA) samyak jJAna hai| yaha samyagjJAna zabda se jAnA jAtA hai| ata: jJAnAdi kA pRthak lakSaNa nahIM kahA gayA hai| jaise 'pAvaka' isa zabda kA uccAraNa karane se pavitra karane vAlI agni kA jJAna ho jAtA hai usI prakAra jJAna aura cAritra zabda kA uccAraNa karane para unake lakSaNa (svarUpa) kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| ata: jJAnAdi ke lakSaNa kI siddhi ho jAne se puna: usake siddha karane kA prayatna karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki zabdArtha ke sAtha sva kA vyabhicAra hone se, lakSaNa kA jJAna hone se kahIM bhI pRthak lakSaNa nahIM kahA jAtA hai / / 7-8-9 // zaMkA : 'yadi vAcyArtha ke sAtha lakSaNa nahIM jAnA jAtA ho to usakA lakSaNa kahanA cAhie' aisA hai to matijJAnAdi ke pRthak lakSaNa sUtra kahanA cAhie kyoMki isameM vAcyArtha ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai arthAt 'mati' aisA kahane se zabdArtha 'manana' hotA hai, matijJAna ke vAstavika lakSaNa kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA? samAdhAna : aiso zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki unake kAraNa (indriya aura mana) bheda (avagrahAdi)
Page #23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 10 darthavyabhicArasya parihatatvAt / samyagdarzanasya lakSaNasUtramanarthakamevaM syAt kAraNavizeSasUtrAdeva tacchabdArthasya vyabhicArapariharaNAditi cenna, nisargAdhigamakAraNavizeSasya prazastAlocanepi bhAvAdvyabhicArasya tdvsthaanaat| na hi paropadezanirapekSa nisargajaM.prazastAlocanaM na saMbhavati paropadezApekSaM vAdhigamajaM prazastAlocanavaditi yuktaM samyagdarzanasya pRthaglakSaNavacanaM zabdArthavyabhicArAt, tadavyabhicAre tadvannAnyasya matyAderzAnacAritravadeva / / icchA zraddhAnamityeke tdyuktmmohinH| zraddhAnavirahAzaktemA'nacAritrahAnitaH // 10 // na hyamohAnAmicchAsti tasya mohakAryatvAdanyathA muktAtmanAmapi tadbhAvaprasaMgAt / adhikaraNa Adi vizeSatAoM ko kahane vAle sUtroM ka dvArA una vAcyArtha ke vyabhicAroM kA parihAra kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt vicAra karanA hI mati nahIM hai apitu indriya aura mana se utpanna hone vAlA jJAna matijJAna hai| zaMkA : samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa sUtra kahanA vyartha hai, kyoMki samyagdarzana ke adhigamaja aura nisargaja isa kAraNa vizeSa ko batAne vAle sUtra se vAcyArtha (dekhanA rUpa artha) kA vyabhicAra dUra ho jAtA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki nisargaja (paropadeza ke binA honA) adhigamaja (paropadeza se honA) kAraNa vizeSa kA sadbhAva to samIcIna dekhane meM bhI pAyA jA sakatAhai ataH zabdArtha kA vyabhicAra adhigamajAdi kAraNa vizeSa se dUra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki paropadeza nirapekSa, svAbhAvika, samIcIna, avalokana nahIM hotA hai, aisA saMbhava nahIM hai| jaise dUsaroM ke upadeza se adhigamaja, prazasta cakSu pratyakSa (samIcIna avalokana) hotA hai| ataH vAcyArtha ke sAtha vyabhicAra hone se (zabda kA artha dekhane Adi meM jAne se) samyagdarzana kA pRthak lakSaNa kahanA upayukta hai tathA jahA~ jisa vAcyArtha meM vyabhicAra nahIM hai, zabda se hI artha kA pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai, vahA~ samyagdarzana ke samAna anya matijJAna Adi kA bhI lakSaNa sUtra pRthak nahIM kahA jaataa| jaise jJAna aura cAritra ke lakSaNa sUtra pRthak nahIM kahe gaye haiN| arthAt jina arthoM ke saMjJA vAcaka zabda hI apane artha kA bhalI prakAra pratipAdana karate haiM, unake lie lakSaNasUtra kahanA niSprayojana hai| 'icchApUrvaka zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai' mAnyatA kA khaNDana . koI vAdI icchApUrvaka zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiM parantu yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki icchA zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahane para amohI (kevalI) ke samyagdarzana ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| kSINamohI ke icchA kA abhAva hotA hai aura kevalI ke samyagdarzana kA abhAva hone se kevalI ke jJAnacAritra kI bhI hAni kA prasaMga AtA hai // 10 // amohI (kevalI) ke icchA nahIM hai kyoMki icchA to moha kA kArya hai| yadi icchA moha kA kArya nahIM hai, to muktAtmA ke bhI icchA ke sadbhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai|
Page #24
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 11 heyopAdeyayorjihAsopAditsA ca viziSTA zraddhA vItamohasyApi saMbhavati tasyA mana:kAryatvAditi cenna, tasyA manaskAryatve sarvamanasvinAM tadbhAvAnuSaMgAt / jJAnApekSaM manaH kAraNamicchAyA iti cenna, keSAMcinmithyAjJAnabhAvepyudAsInadazAyAM heyeSUpAditsAnavalokanAt upAdeyeSu ca jihAsAnanubhAvAt, pareSAM samyagjJAnasadbhAvepi heyopaadeyjihaasopaaditsaavirhaat| viSayavizeSApekSAnmanasastadicchAprabhava ityapi na yuktaM, tadabhAvepi kasyacidicchotpattestadbhAvepi cecchAnudbhavAt / kAlAdayonenaivecchAhetavo vidhvastAH, teSAM sarvakAryasAdhAraNakAraNatvAcca necchaavishesskaarnntvniymH| svotpattAvadRSTavizeSAdicchAvizeSa iti cet, bhAvAdRSTavizeSAd dravyAdRSTavizeSAdvA ? prathamakalpanAyAM na tAvatsAkSAt ___ zaMkA : heya padArtha ko chor3ane kI aura upAdeya ko grahaNa karane kI jo viziSTa icchA utpanna hotI hai usa viziSTa icchA ko zraddhAna kahate haiM aura vaha zraddhA vItamohI ke bhI saMbhava hai kyoMki vaha mana kA kArya hai? samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki icchA ko mana kA kAryatva mAna lene para sarva manasviyoM (manavAloM) ke heya ko chor3ane kI icchA aura upAdeya ko grahaNa karane kI icchA utpanna hone se una mithyAdRSTiyoM ke bhI samyagdarzana ke sadbhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| ... prazna : sarva jIvoM kI icchA mana kA kArya nahIM hai apitu samyagjJAna kI apekSA rakhane vAlA manaH rUpa kAraNa kArya viziSTa icchA kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai ? uttara : aisA kathana ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki mithyAjJAna ke hote hue bhI kinhIM mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke udAsIna avasthA hone para heya padArthoM ke grahaNa karane kI abhilASA kA abhAva aura upAdeya ko chor3ane kI icchA kA ananubhAva (abhAva) dekhA jAtA hai| aura kisI samyagdRSTi zrAvaka ke samyagjJAna hone para bhI chor3ane yogya dhana, AraMbha Adi meM heya buddhi nahIM hai aura grahaNa karane yogya vratAdi meM upAdeya kI icchA nahIM hai| ... prazna : vizeSa viSayoM kI apekSA rakhane vAle mana se zraddhAna rUpa icchA kI utpatti hotI hai vaha samyagdarzana hai? uttara : aisA kahanA bhI yukta nahIM hai kyoMki kisI ke viSaya vizeSa kI apekSA na hote hue bhI icchA kI utpatti hotI hai aura kisI ke vizeSa viSaya kI apekSA hote hue bhI icchA utpanna nahIM hotii| ata: vizeSa viSaya kI apekSA se hone vAlI icchA kA zraddhAna samyagdarzana nahIM hai| viziSTa kAla, kSetra Adi icchA ke sahakArI kAraNa hote haiN| isa kathana kA bhI uparyukta hetu se khaNDana kara diyA hai, kyoMki kAla Adi ke sarva kAryoM ke prati sAdhAraNa kAraNatva hai, heya upAdeya viziSTa icchA ke prati kAraNatva kA niyama nahIM hai| arthAt kAlAdi sabhI kAryoM ke sAdhAraNa kAraNa hai, ve viziSTa kArya ke hone meM niyAmaka nahIM haiN| ____ yadi kaheM ki apanI utpatti meM vizeSa adRSTa (puNya, pApa) se icchA hotI hai, ata: puNya, pApa icchA vizeSa ke niyAmaka haiM; jaise jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama jJAnotpatti kA niyAmaka aura asAtA karma kA udaya roga Adi kI utpatti kA niyAmaka hai, to hama pUchate haiM ki icchA vizeSa kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhAva adRSTa vizeSa hai ki dravya adRSTa (puNya pApa) vizeSa hai ? prathama kalpanA (bhAva adRSTa vizeSa ko icchA
Page #25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 12 bhaavaadRssttsyaatmprinnaamsyecchaavybhicaaritvaat| paraMparayA cettarhi dravyAdRSTAdeva sAkSAdicchotpattistacca dravyAdRSTaM mohanIyAkhyaM karma paudgalikamAtmapArataMtryahetutvAdunmattakarasAdivaditi mohakAryamicchA kathamamohAnAmudbhavet yatastallakSaNaM zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanaM teSAM syaat| tadabhAve na samyagjJAnaM tatpUrvakaM vA samyakcAritramiti kSINamohAnAM ratnatrayApAyAnmuktyapAya: prsjyet| tatasteSAM tadvyavasthAmicchatA necchA zraddhAnaM vktvym| nirdezAlpabahutvAdiciMtanasyAvirodhataH / zraddhAne jIvarUpesminna doSaH kazcidIkSyate // 11 // . na hi nirdezAdayo darzanamoharahitajIvasvarUpe zraddhAne viruddhyaMte tathaiva nirdezAdisUtre vivaraNAt, nApyalpabahutvasaMkhyAbhedAMtarabhAvAH puruSapariNAmasya naanaatvsiddheH| puruSarUpasyaikatvAt tatra tadvirodha eveti kA utpAdaka kahane) meM to bhAva karmoM kA aura icchA kA sAkSAt (avyavahita rUpa se) kArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki AtmapariNAmarUpa bhAvakarma kA icchA ke sAtha vyabhicAra hai; kyoMki AtmA meM karmaphala ke hone para icchA ho bhI sakatI hai, nahIM bhI ho sakatI hai| yadi kaho ki. bhAva karma kA icchA ke sAtha sAkSAt kArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM hai, paramparA se hai taba to dravya karma se hI sAkSAt icchA kI utpatti hotI hai aura vaha dravya karma mohanIya saMjJaka paudgalika hai aura vahI paudgalika mohanIya karma unmAda karane vAle dhatUre kA rasa, zarAba Adi ke samAna AtmA ko paratantra (parAdhIna) karane kA hetu hai| ata: paudgalika mohanIya karma kA kArya icchA amohI jIvoM ke kaise utpanna ho sakatI hai tathA jo zraddhAna lakSaNa samyagdarzana hai vaha nirmoha kevalajJAnI ke kaise ho sakatA hai aura samyagjJAnapUrvaka hone vAlA samyakcAritra bhI nahIM ho sakatA tathA ratnatraya ke abhAva meM unake muktiprApti ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| ata: moharahita jIvoM ke ratnatraya kI vyavasthA cAhane vAle viddhAnoM ko icchA zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana nahIM kahanA cAhie, apitu tattvArtha zraddhAna ko hI samyagdarzana kahanA caahie| "tattvArtha zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai" aisA samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa svIkAra karane para hI Age kahe jAne vAle nirdeza, svAmitva, alpabahutva Adi sUtra ke anusAra kathana ke sAtha virodha nahIM AtA arthAt samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa kahane para hI samyagdarzana kisakA pariNAma hai, usakA sAdhana kyA hai' Adi cintana hotA hai| tathA jIvapariNAma rUpa isa tattvArtha zraddhAna rUpa samyagdarzana meM ativyApti Adi koI doSa dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa||11|| tathA darzana moha rahita jIva ke svabhAva ke zraddhAna (samyagdarzana) meM nirdezAdi kA nirUpaNa viruddha bhI nahIM hai - kyoMki isa prakAra se hI nirdezAdi sUtra meM samyagdarzana kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai tathA alpabahutva, saMkhyA, bheda, antara, bhAva Adi bhI isa samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa meM viruddha nahIM haiN| arthAt AtmapariNAma samyagdarzana ke alpa-bahutva, saMkhyA, bheda, antara bhAva bhI viruddha nahIM hai, kyoMki AtmA ke pariNAmoM kA nAnApanA siddha hI hai arthAt AtmA ke aupazamikAdi aneka pariNAma hote haiM, unameM bheda, antara Adi bhI pAye jAte haiN| kisI kA abhimata hai ki AtmA eka hai, ata: usa AtmA meM alpabahutva, saMkhyA Adi ke dvArA bheda mAnanA virodhayukta hai| parantu usakA yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki darzana mohanIya karma ke upazama Adi kI apekSA vAle AtmA ke ekatva kA ayoga hai| yadi darzana mohanIya karma ke upazamAdi kI apekSA
Page #26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 13 cenna, darzanamohopazamAdibhedApekSasya tsyaiktvaayogaat| anyathA sarvasyaikatvApattiH kAraNAdibhedasyAbhedakatvAt, kvacittasya bhedakatve vA siddhaH puruSasya svbhaavbhedH| iti jIvadravyAbhedena nirdezAdayastatra sAdhIyAMsolpabahutvAdivaditi vkssyte| karmarUpatvepi zraddhAnasya tadavirodha iti cena, tasya mokSakAraNatvAbhAvAt, svapariNAmasyaiva ttkaarnntvopptteH| karmaNopi muktikAraNatvamaviruddhaM svaparanimittatvAnmokSasyeti cenna, karmaNonyasyaiva kAlAdeH paranimittasya sdbhaavaat| nanu ca yathA mokSo jIvakarmaNoH pariNAmastasya dviSThatvAt, tathA mokSakAraNazraddhAnamapi tadubhayavivartarUpaM bhavatviti cenna, mokSAvasthAyAM tadabhAvaprasaMgAt, svapariNAmino'sattve pariNAmasyAghaTanAt, puruSapariNAmAdeva ca karmasAmarthyahananAttasya krmruuptvaayogaat| meM bhI AtmA meM ekatva mAna liyA jAe to sarva jIvAdi padArthoM meM ekatva kI Apatti AyegI arthAt sarva padArtha eka ho jaayeNge| . kyoMki Apane kAraNabheda, guNabheda, AkArabheda Adi bhedoM se dravyoM meM bheda nahIM mAnA hai| yadi kahIM para kAraNa, guNa, AkAra Adi meM bhedakatva svIkAra kareMge to AtmA ke svabhAvabheda siddha ho jAtA hai| arthAt sat , saMkhyA Adi kI apekSA vastu meM bheda hai ata: jIvadravya se zraddhA guNa kI bhedavivakSA karane para usameM alpabahutva Adi ke samAna nirdeza Adi bhI bhalI prakAra siddha hote haiM, aisA Age kheNge| . zaMkA : mohanIya karma prakRtiyoM meM bhI samyaktva nAma kI prakRti hai ataH samyagdarzana ko karmatva mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| .. samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa karmaprakRti meM mokSa ke kAraNatva kA abhAva hai, AtmapariNAma ke hI mokSakAraNatva kI utpatti hotI hai arthAt AtmapariNAma rUpa aupazamikAdi samyagdarzana hI mokSa kA kAraNa hotA hai| samyaktva prakRti Adi mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| prazna : karma rUpa samyaktva prakRti ko mokSa kA kAraNa mAnane meM koI doSa nahIM hai (aviruddha hai) kyoMki mokSa kI utpatti sva-para nimitta se hotI hai| uttara : aisA kathana ucita nahIM hai, mokSa kI utpatti meM samyaktva prakRti ko kAraNa mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki mokSa kI utpatti meM upAdAna kAraNa to AtmapariNAma hI haiM tathA anya kAla Adi paranimitta ke kAraNatva kA sadbhAva hai| isase bhinna karma mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| arthAt samyaktva prakRti ko mokSa kA kAraNa mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| zaMkA : jaise mokSa jIva aura karma kI paryAya hai, arthAt AtmA aura paudgalika karmoM kA pRthakpRthak ho jAnA hI mokSa hai| ata: donoM meM rahane vAlA dharma hai| usI prakAra mokSa kA kAraNa zraddhAna bhI donoM kI paryAya honI caahie| . samAdhAna : aisA kahanA yogya nahIM hai, kyoMki yadi zraddhAna guNa ko jIva aura pudgala donoM kA pariNAma mAnA jAyegA to mokSa avasthA meM zraddhAna guNa ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| svapariNAmI (pariNamana karane vAle dharmI) ke abhAva meM usakI pariNamana rUpa paryAya kA rahanA bhI ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| tathA AtmA ke pariNAma se hI karma (samyaktvaprakRti) ke sAmarthya (rasa) kA ghAta hotA hai, ataH samyagdarzana ke karmarUpatva hone kA ayoga hai| isalie samyagjJAna ke samAna aheya (jisakA tyajana-tyAga nahIM hotA use aheya kahate haiM) hone se tathA mokSa kA pradhAna kAraNa hone se samyagdarzana karmaprakRti rUpa nahIM
Page #27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 14 tato na karmarUpaM samyagdarzanaM ni:shrysprdhaankaarnntvaadheytvaatsmygjnyaanvt| niHzreyasasya pradhAnaM kAraNaM smygdrshnmsaadhaarnnsvdhrmtvaattdvt| asAdhAraNaH svadharmaH saddarzanaM muktiyogyasya ttonysyaasNbhvaattdvt| iti jIvarUpe zraddhAne saddarzanasya lakSaNe na kazciddoSosaMbhavotivyAptiravyAptirvA samIkSyate // sarAge vItarAge ca tasya sNbhvtoNjsaa| prazamAderabhivyaktiH zuddhimAtrAcca cetasaH // 12 // yathaiva hi viziSTAtmasvarUpaM zraddhAnaM sarAgeSu saMbhavati tathA vItarAgeSvapIti tasyAvyAptirapi doSo na shNkniiyH| kutastatra tasyAbhivyaktiriti cet, prazamasaMvegAnukaMpAstikyebhyaH sarAgeSu saddarzanasya vItarAgeSvAtmavizuddhimAtrAdityAcakSate / tatrAMnatAnubaMdhinAM rAgAdInAM mithyAtvasamyagmithyAtvayozcAnudrekaH prshmH| hai| samyagjJAna ke samAna asAdhAraNa AtmIya dharma hone se samyagdarzana mokSa kA pradhAna kAraNa hai| samyagjJAna ke samAna samyagdarzana bhI mukti yogya bhavya kA asAdhAraNa sva dharma hai| muktiyogya bhavya ko chor3akara anya mithyAdRSTi ke usakI asaMbhavatA hai| isa prakAra jIvarUpa samyagdarzana ke zraddhAnarUpa lakSaNa meM avyApti, ativyApti aura asaMbhava rUpa koI bhI doSa dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| __samyagdarzana ke isa lakSaNa kI sarAga aura vItarAga donoM samyagdarzanoM meM saMbhavatA hai| ata: yaha lakSaNa nirdoSa hai| sarAga aura vItarAga ke bheda se samyagdarzana do prakAra kA hai| prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya bhAva se abhivyakti (pragaTatA) lakSaNa vAlA sarAga samyagdarzana hai aura AtmA kI vizuddhi mAtra vItarAga samyagdarzana hai // 12 // __jaise viziSTa AtmA kA svAbhAvika svarUpa zraddhAna sarAga samyagdarzana meM saMbhava hai (pAyA jAtA hai) usI prakAra vItarAga samyagdarzana meM bhI samyagdarzana kA yaha lakSaNa pAyA jAtA hai| isalie, samyagdarzana ke isa lakSaNa meM avyApti doSa kI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| prazna : samyagdRSTi jIvoM meM samyagdarzana kI abhivyakti (pragaTatA) kisase jAnI jAtI hai ? uttara : prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya- ina cAroM svabhAvoM se sarAgI jIvoM meM samyagdarzana jAnA jAtA hai aura vItarAgiyoM meM Atmavizuddhi mAtra se samyagdarzana hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai| unameM anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha rUpa rAgAdika kI tathA mithyAtva evaM samyagmithyAtva kI udaya-udIraNA nahIM honA (anudreka honA) prazama bhAva hai| vizeSArtha : tIna zarIra aura chaha paryApti ke yogya nokarma pudgala vargaNAoM ko tathA jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karma yogya pudgala vargaNAoM ko grahaNa kara chor3a diyA, punaH anantabAra gRhIta, agRhIta evaM mizra vargaNAoM ko grahaNakara tatpazcAt unhIM tIvra manda bhAvoM se pUrva gRhIta vargaNAoM kA grahaNa karanA dravya parivartana hai| tIna sau taiMtAlIsa rAjU pramANa sAre kSetra kA janmasthAna bananA kSetra parivartana hai-arthAt koI jIva ghanAMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa zarIra ko dhAraNa kara marA, tatpazcAt ghanAMgula ke jitane asaMkhyAta bhAga pramANa pradeza haiM utane hI zarIra dhAraNa kara maratA hai, janmatA hai, punaHsAre kSetra ko janma sthAna banAnA kSetra parivartana h|
Page #28
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 15 dravyakSetrakAlabhavabhAvaparirvatanarUpAt saMsArAgIrutA saMvegaH / trasasthAvareSu prANiSu dyaanukNpaa| jIvAditattvArtheSu yuktyAgamAbhyAmaviruddheSu yAthAtmyopagamanamAstikyaM / etAni pratyekaM samuditAni vA svasmin svasaMviditAni, paratra kAyavAgvyavahAravizeSaliMgAnumitAni sarAgasamyagdarzanaM jJApayaMti, tadabhAve mithyAdRSTiSvasaMbhavitvAt, saMbhave vA mithyaatvaayogaat| mithyAdRzAmapi keSAMcitkrodhAdyanudrekadarzanAt prazamo'naikAMtika iti cenna, teSAmapi koI jIva utsarpiNI ke prathama samaya meM utpanna huA aura Ayu ke samApta ho jAne para mara gyaa| punaHvahI jIva dUsarI utsarpiNI ke dUsare samaya meM utpanna huA, aura apanI Ayu ke samApta hone para mara gyaa| isa prakAra krama se utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke kAla ko janma aura maraNa kara samApta kiyA, usako kAla parivartana kahate haiM arthAt janma aura maraNa kA nairantarya lenA caahie| sarvaprathama, prathama naraka ke prathama pAthar3e meM dasa hajAra varSa kI Ayu lekara janma liyA, puna: dasa hajAra varSa ke jitane samaya haiM-utanI bAra dasa hajAra varSa kI Ayu dhAraNa kara-kara ke janmA aura marAtatpazcAt dasa hajAra varSa eka samaya, do samaya Adi kI krama se vRddhi karate hue taiMtIsa sAgara kI Ayu pUrNa karanA, isI prakAra tiryaMca evaM manuSyoM kI jaghanya Ayu antarmuhUrta se tIna palya taka aura devoM kI dasa hajAra varSa se ikatIsa sAgara taka kI Ayu dhAraNa kara janma-maraNa karanA bhava parivartana hai| ikatIsa sAgara se utkRSTa Ayu vAle deva samyagdRSTi hI hote haiM, unakA saMsAra-paribhramaNa nahIM hotaa| * jisameM zreNI ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga yoga asaMkhyAta loka pramANa kaSAyabaMdhAdhyavasAna aura usase bhI asaMkhyAta loka guNita anubhAgabaMdhAdhyavasAna sthAnoM meM pUrvokta krama se saMjJI jIva ke anta:koTA koTI pramANa karmoM kI sthiti se lekara utkRSTa tIsa koTA koTI Adi sthiti pUrNa kI jAtI hai; ananta varSoM meM pUrNa hone vAle isa sampUrNa saMsaraNa kA nAma bhAva parivartana hai| isa prakAra duHkhamaya isa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva parivartanarUpa saMsAra se bhayabhIta honA saMvega bhAva hai| trasa aura sthAvara jIvoM meM dayA rakhanA anukampA hai| yukti aura Agama se aviruddha jIvAditattvArthoM meM vAstavikatva ko svIkAra karanA Astikya guNa hai| .. prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya-ina cAroM meM se eka vA cAroM ekatra hokara apanI AtmA meM svasaMvedana pratyakSase tathA dUsaroM meM zarIra kI ceSTA, vacana vyavahAra Adi vizeSa jJApaka cihnoM se anumita hokara sarAga samyagdarzana ke jJApaka hote haiN| arthAt svasaMvedana se jAne gaye ye apanI AtmA meM, aura vacana Adi kriyAoM se anumAna se jAne gae ye dUsare meM sarAga samyagdarzana kA anumAna karAte haiN| samyagdarzana guNa ke abhAva meM mithyAdRSTi jIvoM meM prazama Adi guNoM kI asaMbhavatA hai| yadi prazama Adi guNoM kA honA saMbhava hai to mithyAdRSTipanA sabhava nahIM hai|
Page #29
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 16 sarvathaikAMte'naMtAnubaMdhino maansyodyaat| svAtmani cAnekAMtAtmani dveSodayasyAvazyaMbhAvAt pRthivIkAyikAdiSu prANiSu hananadarzanAcca / etena saMvegAnukaMpayormithyAdRSTiSvasaMbhavakathanAdanaikAMtikatA hatA, saMvignasyAnukaMpAvato vA niHzaMkaprANighAte prvRttynupptteH| sadRSTerapyajJAnAttatra tathA pravRttiriti cet, vyAhatamidaM 'sadRSTizca jIvatattvAnabhijJazce'ti tadajJAnasyaiva mithyaatvvishessruuptvaat| pareSAmapi svAbhimatatattveSvAstikyasya bhAvAdanaikAMtikatvamiti cet na, sarvathaikAMtatattvAnAM dRSTeSTabAdhitatvena vyavasthAnAyogAdekAMtavAdinAM bhagavadarhatsyAdvAdazraddhAnavidhurANAM naastiktvnirnnyaat| tduktN| "tvanmatAmRtabAhyAnAM srvthaikaaNtvaadinaam| AtmAbhimAnadagdhAnAM sveSTaM dRSTena bAdhyate" iti / tadanena prazamAdisamudAyasyAnaikAMtikatvodbhAvanaM pratikSiptaM / zaMkA : kinhIM-kinhIM mithyAdRSTiyoM meM bhI krodhAdi kA anudreka dekhA jAtA hai.ata: samyagdarzana kI siddhi ke lie diyA gayA prazama hetu anaikAntika (pakSa-vipakSa donoM meM jAne se vyabhicArI) hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki una mithyAdRSTiyoM meM bhI apane mAne gae sarvathA ekAnta pakSa meM anantAnubandhI mAna kaSAya kA udaya pAyA jAtA hai| anekAntAtmaka nijAtmA meM tathA syAdvAda siddhAnta meM dveSa kA udaya avazyaMbhAvI (avazya rahatA) hai| aura una mithyAdRSTiyoM meM pRthivIkAyAdi prANiyoM kA ghAta bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai| isa kathana se saMvega aura anukampA kI mithyAdRSTiyoM meM asaMbhavatA kA kathana hone se vyabhicAra doSa kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt-samyagdarzana ke guNa prazama-saMvega mithyAdRSTiyoM meM nahIM pAye jaate| saMvegazIla aura anukampA vAle jIva kI nizaMka hokara prANighAta meM pravRtti kI anupapatti hai arthAt saMsAra se bhayabhIta aura anukampAzIla prANI kI prANighAta meM anargala pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| prazna : samyagdRSTi ke bhI ajJAna bhAva se jIvaghAta meM pravRtti ho sakatI hai ? uttara : "samyagdRSTi jIva tattva kA jJAtA hotA hai" isa kathana se samyagdRSTi ke ajJAna bhAva se jIvAdi ghAta meM pravRtti hotI hai, isakA khaNDana kara diyA hai| kyoMki, jIvatattva meM ajJAna kA honA hI mithyAtva kA eka vizeSa svarUpa hai| zaMkA : mithyAdRSTiyoM ke bhI apane-apane abhimata tattvoM meM Astikatva kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai, ataH samyagdarzana kA AstikyaguNa anaikAntika doSa se dUSita hai ? samAdhAna : yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki unake dvArA abhimata sarvathA ekAntarUpa tattvoM kI pratyakSa aura anumAna Adi pramANoM se bAdhita hone ke kAraNa vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai| ataH bhagavAna arhantadeva ke dvArA upadiSTa syAdvAda zraddhAna se vidhura (rahita) ekAntavAdiyoM ke nAstikatva kA hI nirNaya hai| arthAt vItarAga deva kathita tattva se parAGmukha ekAntavAdI mithyAdRSTi nAstika hI haiN| samantabhadra svAmI ne kahA bhI hai- "he jinendra dev| Apake matarUpI amRta se bahirbhUta, svakIya tattvoM ke abhimAna se dagdha, sarvathA ekAntavAdiyoM kA iSTatattva (abhISTa padArtha) pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita hai|" isa kathana ke dvArA prazama,
Page #30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 17 nanu prazamAdayo yadi svasmin svasaMvedyAH zraddhAnamapi tattvArthAnAM kinna svasaMvedyaM ? ytstebhyonumiiyte| svasaMvedyatvAvizeSepi taistadanumIyate na punaste tasmAditi kaH zraddadhItAnyatra parIkSakAditi cet, naitatsAraM, darzanamohopazamAdiviziSTAtmasvarUpasya tattvArthazraddhAnasya svsNvedytvaanishcyaat| svasaMvedyaM punarAstikyaM tadabhivyaMjakaM prazamasaMvegAnukaMpAvat kathaMcittato bhinnaM tatphalatvAt / tata eva phalatadvatorabhedavivakSAyAmAstikyameva tattvArthazraddhAnamiti, tasya tadvatpratyakSasiddhatvAttadanumeyatvamapi na virudhyte| matAMtarApekSayA ca svasaMviditepi tattvArthazraddhAne vipratipattisadbhAvAttannirAkaraNAya tatra prazamAdiliMgAdanumAne dossaabhaavH| samyagjJAnameva hi samyagdarzanamiti hi kecidvipravadaMte tAn prati jJAnAt bhedena darzanaM prazamAdibhiH kAryavizeSaiH prkaashyte| jJAnakAryatvAtteSAM na tatprakAzakatvamiti cenna, ajJAnanivRtti-phalatvAt jnyaansy| saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya ke samudAya rUpa hetu ke anaikAntika doSa ke udbhAvana kA khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai arthAt prazama Adi.hetu meM anaikAntika doSa nahIM hai| zaMkA : yadi prazamAdi bhAva apanI AtmA meM svasaMvedya (svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jAne jAte) haiM-to tattvArtha zraddhAna bhI apanI AtmA meM svasaMvedya kyoM nahIM hai-jisase kahate ho ki tattvArtha zraddhAna prazamAdi ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai ? svasaMvedyatva kI apekSA tattvArtha zraddhAna meM aura prazamAdi guNoM meM samAnatA hone para bhI kahA jAtA hai ki prazamAdika ke dvArA tattvArtha zraddhAna abhivyakta hotA hai| zraddhAna ke dvArA prazama Adi abhivyakta nahIM hote haiN| ajJAnI ko chor3akara aisA dUsarA kauna vizvAsa karegA ? arthAt koI nahIM kregaa| arthAt-prazamAdike dvArA tattvArthazraddhAna gamya hai, svasaMvedana ke dvArA tattvArtha zraddhAna gamya nahIM hai, isa kathana kA vizvAsa andhazraddhAnI ke atirikta bhalA kauna vicArazIla karegA ? koI nahIM kregaa| _____samAdhAna : isa kathana meM koI sAra nahIM hai kyoMki darzana mohanIya karma ke upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama se utpanna viziSTa AtmasvarUpa rUpa tattvArthazraddhAna kA svasaMvedana ke dvArA nizcaya nahIM hotaa| tattvArthazraddhAna samyagdarzana atyanta sUkSma guNa hai| ata: vaha sAmAnya matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA viSaya na hone se svasaMvedana pratyakSa nahIM hotA apitu prazamAdi guNoM ke dvArA abhivyakta hotA hai| . prazama, saMvega aura anukampA ke samAna svasaMvedya Astikya guNa bhI tattvArtha zraddhAna rUpa samyagdarzana kA abhivyaJjaka hai| ye cAroM guNa samyagdarzana ke phala haiM, phala hone se kathaMcit ye samyagdarzana se bhinna haiM aura kathaMcit abhinna haiN| ata: kathaMcit phala aura phalavAna meM abheda vivakSA karane para Astikya bhAva hI tattvArtha zraddhAna hai tathA Astikya bhAva ke samAna tattvArtha zraddhAna ke svasaMvedana pratyakSatva siddha ho jAne se Astikya ke dvArA zraddhAna ko anumeya mAnanA viruddha nahIM hai| kiJca : tattvArtha zraddhAna ke svasaMvedana pratyakSa ho jAne para bhI matAntara kI apekSA (koI samyagdarzana ko svasaMvedana pratyakSa mAnate haiM, koI nahIM mAnate) vivAda kA sadbhAva hone se usa vivAda kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie prazamAdi guNoM ke dvArA samyagdarzana kA anumAna kara lene meM koI doSa nahIM hai| jaise koI "jJAna hI samyagdarzana hai" -aisA vivAda karate haiM, unake prati jJAna guNa se bhinna darzana ko prazamAdi kArya-vizeSoM ke dvArA abhivyakta (prakAzita) kiyA gayA hai|
Page #31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 18 sAkSAdajJAnanivRttirjJAnasya phalaM, paraMparayA prazamAdayo hAnAdibuddhivaditi cet, tarhi hAnAdibuddhivadeva jJAnAduttarakAlaM prazamAdayo'nubhUyeran, na caivaM jJAnasamakAlaM prshmaadynubhvnaat| pUrvajJAnaphalatvAt prazamAde: sAmpratikajJAnasamakAlatayAnubhavanamiti cet, tarhi pUrvajJAnasamakAlavartinopi prazamAdestatpUrvajJAnaphalatvena bhavitavyamityanAditvaprasaktiraMvitathA jnyaansy| samyagdarzanasamasamayamanubhUyamAnatvAt prazamAdestatphalatvamapi mA bhata iti cenna. tasya tdbhinnphltvopgmaatttsmsmyvttitvaavirodhaat| tato darzanakAryatvAdarzanasya jJApakA: prazamAdayaH sahacarakAryatvAttu jnyaansyetynvyN| paratra prazamAdayaH saMdigdhAsiddhatvAnna saddarzanasya gamakA iti cenna, kAyavAgvyavahAravizeSebhyasteSAM tatra sadbhAvanirNayasyoktatvAt / teSAM tadvyabhicArAnna prazna : prazamAdika ke jJAna kA kAryapanA hone se unameM samyagdarzana kA prakAzakapanA nahIM hai ? uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki jJAna kA phala to ajJAna kI nivRtti hai| prazna : jJAna kA sAkSAt phala hai ajJAna kI nivRtti aura paramparA phala hai-prazama, saMvegaM aadi| jaise jJAna kA paramparA phala hai heya padArtha meM tyAgabuddhi, upAdeya kI grahaNa buddhi aura upekSaNIya padArthoM meM upekSA buddhi| uttara : yadi hAna Adi ke samAna prazama Adi bhAvoM ko jJAna kA phala svIkAra kiyA jAyegA, to jJAna ke uttara kAla meM hAnAdi ke samAna prazamAdi kA anubhava honA cAhie, parantu aisA hotA nahIM hai, apitu jJAna ke sama kAla meM hI prazamAdi guNoM kA anubhava hotA hai| yadi kaho ki pUrva (bhUtakAla ke) jJAna kA phala prazamAdi vartamAnakAlIna jJAna ke sAtha anubhava meM A rahA hai (vartamAnakAlIna prazamAdi vartamAna kAla ke sAtha anubhava meM nahIM A rahe haiM), to pUrva jJAna ke sama kAla meM hone vAle prazama, saMvega Adi kA usase bhI pahale kAla ke jJAna kA phalapanA honA caahie| isa prakAra mAnane para samyagjJAna ke anAdipane kA prasaMga AtA hai (parantu samyagjJAna anAdi nahIM hai)| prazna : koI kahatA hai-samyagdarzana ke sama kAla meM anubhUyamAnapanA hone se prazama Adi ke samyagdarzana kA phalatva nahIM hotA (kyoMki aisA mAnane para samyagdarzana ke anAditva kA prasaMga AtA hai)| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki una prazama Adi ko samyagdarzana kA abhinna phala svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ataH prazama Adi kA samyagdarzana ke kAla meM rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| arthAt abhinnaphala kAraNa ke samAna samaya meM raha sakatA hai| ata: yaha nirdoSa siddha huA ki samyagdarzana kA kArya hone se prazama, saMvega Adi guNa sarAga samyagdarzana ke jJApaka haiM tathA samyagjJAnarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha rahane vAle samyagdarzana guNa kA kArya hone se prazama Adi samyagjJAna ke bhI jJApaka haiN| prazna : dUsare prANiyoM meM saMdigdha (anirNIta) hone se prazama Adi samyagdarzana ke jJApaka hetu nahIM
Page #32
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 19 tatsadbhAvanirNayahetutvamiti cenna, supriikssitaanaamvybhicaaraat| suparIkSitaM hi kAryaM kAraNaM gamayati naanythaa| yadi punaratIMdriyatvAt paraprazamAdInAM tadbhAve kAyAdivyavahAravizeSasadbhAvo'zakyo nizcetumiti matiH, tadA tadabhAve tadbhAva iti kathaM nizcIyate ? tata eva saMzayostviti cenna, tasya kkacitkadAcinirNayamaMtareNAnupapatteH sthANupuruSasaMzayavat / svasaMtAne nirNayostIti cet, tarhi yAdRzAH prazamAdiSu satsu kAyAdivyavahAravizeSAH svasminirNItAstAdRzAH paratrApi teSu satsveveti nirNIyatAM / yAdRzAstu teSvasatsu pratItAstAdRzAH tadabhAvasya gamakAH kathaM na syuH saMzayitasvabhAvAstu tatsaMzayahetava iti yuktaM vaktuM / nanvevaM yathA sarAgeSu tattvArthazraddhAnaM uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki hama pUrva meM kaha cuke haiM ki kAya, vacana Adi ke vyavahAra vizeSa se samyagdarzana meM prazamAdi guNoM ke sadbhAva kA nirNaya hai| zaMkA : kAyaceSTA Adi kA prazama Adi ke sAtha avinAbhAva na hone se vyabhicArI hetu hai| arthAt- kAya aura vacana kI zAMta ceSTA mithyAdRSTi ke bhI pAI jAtI hai| ata: prazama Adi hetu samyagdarzana ke vipakSa mithyAdRSTi meM bhI jAne se vyabhicArI (anaikAntika) hai| ata: prazamAdi samyagdarzana ke sadbhAva ke nirNAyaka hetu nahIM haiN| . samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki suparIkSita (bhale prakAra nirNIta) prazama Adi hetu vyabhicArI (anaikAntika) nahIM haiM, tathA suparIkSita hetu hI kArya kA gamaka (jJApaka) hotA hai, jo suparIkSita nahIM hai, vaha hetu kArya kA gamaka nahIM hotaa| ___yadi tuma kaho ki parama prazamAdi guNoM ke atIndriyatva hone se (indriyoM ke dvArA gamya na hone se) prazama Adi ke sadbhAva meM kAyAdi vyavahAra vizeSa ke sadbhAva kA nizcaya karanA zakya nahIM hai| arthAtprazama Adi guNa vAle kI vizeSa kAyAdi ceSTA hai-aisA jAnanA zakya nahIM hai, to hama pUchate haiM ki prazama Adi guNoM ke nahIM rahane para bhI kAyAdi kI prazAnta Adi rUpa vizeSa ceSTA hotI hai, yaha kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai ? - jisa prakAra vacana Adi ke dvArA dUsaroM ke prazama Adi kA nirNaya nahIM kara sakate, ataH vaha saMzayayukta hai, usI prakAra prazama Adi ke na hone para vizeSa vyavahAra hotA hai-yaha anirNIta hone se saMzayayukta hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise kisI sthAna aura kisI kAla meM puruSa aura sthANu kA nirNaya hue binA sthANu (DhUMTha) meM 'puruSa hai yA sthANu' aisA saMzaya nahIM ho sakatA usI prakAra kisI sthAna para aura kisI kAla meM prazama Adi dharmoM kA nizcaya kiye binA saMzaya nahIM ho sktaa| yadi saMtAna rUpa apanI AtmA meM zarIra Adi kI ceSTA se prazama Adi kA nirNaya kara lete ho to jaisA prazamAdika ke kAyAdika kA vyavahAra vizeSa apanI AtmA meM nirNIta hai (nizcita hai) vaisA dUsaroM kI AtmA meM bhI una prazamAdika ke hone para viziSTa kAyAdi ceSTA kA nirNaya karanA cAhie tathA jaisI kAya, vacana vyavahAra Adi kI vizeSatAyeM apanI AtmA meM prazama Adi ke na hone para pramANoM ke dvArA jAna lI jAtI hai, usI prakAra yadi vizeSatAyeM dUsare ko AtmA meM bhI hoMgI to usa puruSa ke prazama Adi guNoM ke
Page #33
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 20 prazamAdibhiranumIyate tathA vItarAgeSvapi tattaiH kiM nAnumIyate ? iti cenna, tasya svasminnAtmavizuddhimAtratvAt sakalamohAbhAve samAropAnavatArAt svasaMvedanAdeva nizcayopapatteranumeyatvAbhAvaH / paratra tu prazamAdInAM talliGgAnAM satAmapi nizcayopAyAnAM kAyAdivyavahAravizeSANAmapi tdupaayaanaambhaavaat| kathamidAnImapramattAdiSu sUkSmasAparAyAMteSu saddarzanaM prazamAMderanumAtuM zakyaM? tannirNayopAyAnAM kaayaadivyvhaarvishessaannaambhaavaadev| na hi teSAM kazcidvyApArosti vItarAgavat, vyApAre vA teSAmapramattatvAdivirodhAditi kshcit| sopyabhihitAnabhijJaH, abhAva kI gamaka (jJApaka) kyoM nahIM hoMgI ? aura saMzayita svabhAva to saMzaya kA hI hetu hotA hai, aisA yuktiyoM se kaha sakate haiN| arthAt saMzaya svabhAva saMzaya kA hI kAraNa hai-aisA kahanA ThIka hai| prazna : jaise sarAga samyagdRSTiyoM meM tattvArthazraddhAna prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya bhAva ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai, vaise vItarAga samyagdRSTiyoM meM tattvArthazraddhAna prazamAdi bhAvoM ke dvArA anumeya (gamya) kyoM nahIM hotA? uttara : aisI zaMkA karanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vItarAga samyagdRSTi kA samyagdarzana to kevala Atmavizuddhi rUpa hI hai| sakala moha kA abhAva ho jAne se vItarAga samyagdarzana meM samAropa (saMzaya viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya) kA avataraNa (utpatti) bhI nahIM ho sakatA (moha ke kAraNa hI saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya hote haiN)| vItarAgI puruSa ko svasaMvedana pratyakSa se vItarAga samyagdarzana (Atmavizuddhi) kA nizcaya jJAna ho jAne se anumeyatva (dUsare kAraNoM se jAnane pane) kA abhAva hai| dUsare, vItarAga samyagdRSTiyoM meM samyagdarzana ke jJApaka prazama Adi kAraNoM ke hone para bhI tathA zarIra, vacana Adi kI vizeSa ceSTAe~ rahane para una ceSTAoM meM Atmavizuddha rUpa vItarAga samyagdarzana ke nirNaya karAne ke upAyoM kA (zakti kA) abhAva vizeSaH tattvArtha rAjavArttika meM sAta prakRtiyoM ke abhAva meM hone vAle samyaktva ko tathA sarvArthasiddhi meM Atmavizuddhi mAtra ko vItarAga samyagdarzana kahA hai| zlokavArtika ke paThana se donoM eka hI pratIta hote haiN| kyoMki sakala moha (darzana moha)kA abhAva kahane se kSAyika samyaktva aura usase hone vAlI nirmala Atmavizuddhi ye donoM eka hI haiN| sakalamoha se yahA~ sampUrNa moha ke abhAvarUpa dasaveM guNasthAna Adi kI vItarAga avasthA kA grahaNa nahIM hotA kyoMki isa grantha meM vItarAga samyagdRSTi ke kAyaceSTA aura vacanavyavahAra svIkAra kiyA hai| ataH sakala darzanamoha ke abhAva meM jo acala Atmavizuddhi utpanna huI hai vaha anumAnagamya nahIM hai apitu svasaMvedanagamya hai| vA kevalIgamya hai| ve hI kSAyika yA upazama Adi ke bheda ko jAnate haiN| koI kahatA hai ki isa samaya apramattAdi guNasthAna se lekara sUkSma sAmparAya paryanta guNasthAnoM meM samyagdarzana prazamAdi ke dvArA kaise gamya ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki una guNasthAnoM meM prazamAdika ke nirNaya karane ke upAya kAyAdi vyavahAra vizeSoM kA abhAva h| una guNasthAnoM meM vItarAga ke samAna calanA, bolanA Adi
Page #34
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 21 sarveSu sarAgeSu saddarzanaM prazamAdibhiranumIyata ityanabhidhAnAt, yathAsaMbhavaM sarAgeSu vItarAgeSu ca saddarzanasya tadanumeyatvamAtmavizuddhimAtratvaM cetyabhihitatvAt / tata eva sayogakevalino vAgvyavahAravizeSadarzanAt sUkSmAdyarthavijJAnAnumAnaM na virudhyte| pradhAnasya vivarto'yaM zraddhAnAkhya itiitre| tadasatpuMsi samyaktvabhAvAsaMgAttato pare // 13 // na hi pradhAnasya pariNAma: zraddhAnaM tato'parasmin puruSe samyaktvamiti yuktaM lkssylkssnnyorbhinnaashrytvvirodhaadgnyussnntvvt|| / pradhAnasyaiva samyaktvAccaitanyaM smygissyte| buddhyadhyavasitArthasya puMsA saMcetanAdyadi // 14 // tadAhaMkArasamyaktvAt buddheH smyktvmshnute| ahaMkArAspadArthasya tathApyadhyavasAnataH // 15 // manaHsamyaktvataH samyagahaMkArastathA na kim| manaHsaMkalpitArtheSu tatpravRttiprakalpanAt // 16 // koI bhI vyApAra (kriyA) nahIM hai, kyoMki unake calanA Adi kriyA mAna lene para apramattatva kA virodha AtA hai| arthAt zarIra Adi kI kriyA apramatta avasthA meM nahIM ho sakatI hai| AcArya kahate haiM, isa prakAra kahane vAlA hamAre abhiprAya ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai kyoMki "sAre hI sarAgI mAnavoM kA samyagdarzana prazama Adi ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai" -aisA hamArA abhimata nahIM hai, apitu, sarAgI aura vItarAgI sarva samyagdRSTiyoM meM samyagdarzana kA anumeyatva Atmavizuddhi mAtra hI hai, aisA hamArA abhiprAya hai| isalie hI sayogakevalI ke vacana-vyavahAra-vizeSa ke dekhane se sUkSmAdyartha ke vijJAna kA anumAna viruddha bhI nahIM hai| arthAt kevalI bhagavAna ke viziSTa vacanoM ke dvArA prabhu ke sUkSmAdi arthoM ke jJAna (sarvajJatA) kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA koI (sAMkhya) kahatA hai ki-tattvArtha zraddhAna nAmaka guNa raja, satva aura tamo guNa kI sAmya avasthArUpa pradhAna (prakRti) kI paryAya hai parantu unakI yaha dhAraNA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki pradhAna se sarvathA bhinna AtmA meM samyaktva kA sadbhAva nahIM ho sakatA arthAt AtmA meM samyagdarzana ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki AtmA se sarvathA bhinna pradhAna kA samyagdarzana guNa AtmA meM samyagdarzana guNa kI vyavasthApanA nahIM kara sktaa|| 13 // . pradhAna kA pariNAma zraddhAna prakRti (pradhAna) se sarvathA bhinna dUsare puruSa meM samyaktva guNa ko utpanna karatA hai, aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki agni aura uSNatva ke samAna lakSya vacana aura lakSaNa vacanoM ke vAcyArthoM kA bhinna adhikaraNatva mAnane meM virodha AtA hai| arthAt-lakSya aura lakSaNa kA eka hI adhikaraNa hotA hai, bhinna-bhinna nahIM, jaise lakSya vacana agni aura lakSaNa vacana uSNatA kA eka hI adhikaraNa hai| lakSya aura lakSaNa meM zabdAdhikaraNa bhinna-bhinna hote hue bhI arthAdhikaraNa eka hI hai| koI (kapila matAnusArI)kahatA hai ki pradhAna kI samIcInatA se hI caitanya (AtmA)samIcIna (samyagdRSTi) kahalAtA hai, kyoMki buddhi ke dvArA samIcIna rUpa se nizcita artha kI hI AtmA ke dvArA saMcetanA (samIcIna anubhava) hotI hai||14|| AcArya kahate haiM-yadi pradhAna ke samyaktva se AtmA samyagdRSTi banatI hai to buddhi kI paryAya ahaMkAra kI samIcInatA sa buddhi ko bhI samIcInatA prApta hogI, kyoMki ahaMkAra
Page #35
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 22 tathaiveMdriyasamyaktvAnmanaH samyagupeyatAm / iMdriyAlocitArtheSu manaHsaMkalpanodayAt // 17 // iMdriyANi ca samyaJci bhavaMtu prtstv| svAbhivyaMjakasamyaktvAdibhiH samyaktvataH kimu // 18 // arthasvavyaMjakAdhInaM mukhyaM samyaktvamiSyate / iMdriyAdiSu tadvatsyAt puMsi tatparamArthataH / / 19 / / evaM pradhAnasamyaktvAccaitanyasamyaktve'bhyupagamyamAne'tiprasaMjanamuktaM / tattvatastuna ca pradhAnadharmatvaM zraddhAnasya cidAtmanaH / caitanyasyaiva saMsiddhyedanyathA syAdviparyayaH // 20 // cidAtmakatvamasiddhaM zraddhAnasyeti cenna, tasya svasaMvedanataH prsiddhrjnyaanvt| sAdhitaM jJAnAdInAM cetanAtmakatvaM purstaat|| na zraddhatte pradhAnaM vA jaDatvAtkalazAdivat / pratItyAzrayaNe tvAtmA zraddhAtAstu nirAkulam // 21 // na hi zraddhAtAhamiti pratItiracetanasya pradhAnasya jAtucitsaMbhAvyate kalazAdivat / yatoyamAtmaiva ke viSayabhUta arthoM kA hI buddhi ke dvArA nirNaya hotA hai tathA ahaMkAra ke pariNamana rUpa mana kI samIcInatA se ahaMkAra bhI samyag kyoM nahIM hogA ? kyoMki mana ke dvArA saMkalpita arthoM meM hI ahaMkAra kI pravRtti hotI hai||15-16|| aura, indriyoM ke samyaktva se mana bhI samyaktva ko prApta hogA kyoMki indriyoM ke dvArA Alocita padArthoM meM hI mana ke saMkalpana kA udaya hotA hai||17|| tumhAre (sAMkhya) matAnusAra indriyA~ bhI samIcIna para se hI hoMgI, kyoMki sva ko prakaTa karane vAle kAraNoM kI samIcInatA, nirmalatA, indriyavRtti, adRSTa Adi ke dvArA indriyoM kI samIcInatA dUsare se hI AI hai| aisA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAe, yadi indriya Adi (mana, ahaMkAra, buddhi aura pradhAna) meM apane abhivyakta ke AdhIna (svakIya vyaJjaka) mukhya artha ko samyaktva kahoge to indriyAdi ke samAna AtmA meM hI paramArtha samIcInatA mAnanI caahie| arthAt jaise pradhAna, buddhi, ahaMkAra, mana, indriyA~ apane artha kI abhivyaJjaka svayaM haiM, ataH svayaM samIcInatA ko prApta hotI haiM aura unakA zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai, unake samAna AtmA meM paramArthataH samIcInatA kyoM nahIM hogI ? // 18-19 // ___ isa prakAra pradhAna ke samyaktva se caitanya meM samyaktva svIkAra karane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| tattva se vicAra kiyA jAe to cidAtma zraddhAna ko pradhAna (prakRti) kA dharmatva nahIM kaha sakate, kintu zraddhAna caitanya ke hI siddha hotA hai| anyathA (aisA na mAnane para) viparItatA AtI hai|| 20 // zraddhAna ke cidAtmakatva mAnanA asiddha hai-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise jJAna cetanasvarUpa hai, vaise hI svasaMvedana pratyakSa hone se zraddhAna (samyagdarzana) ke bhI cetanatva prasiddha hai| tathA jJAna, darzana Adi ke cetanatva kI siddhi pahale prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiN| ghaTa, paTa Adi ke samAna jar3atva (acetana) hone se pradhAna (prakRti) ke zraddhAnatva ghaTita nahIM hotaa| ataH pratIti kA Azraya lene para AtmA hI nirdoSa zraddhAtA (zraddhAna karane vAlA) siddha hotA hai||21||
Page #36
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 23 zraddhAtA nirAkulaM na syaat| bhrAMteyamAtmani pratItiriti cenna, bAdhakAbhAvAt / nAtmadharmaH zraddhAnaM bhaMguratvAdghaTavadityapi na tadbAdhakaM, jJAnena vybhicaaritvaat| na ca jJAnasyAnAtmadharmatvaM yuktamAtmadharmatvena prsaadhittvaat| tata: sUktamAtmasvarUpaM darzanamoharahitaM tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanasya lakSaNamiti / / na samyagdarzanaM nityaM nApi tannityahetukam / nAhetukamiti prAha dvidhA tajanmakAraNam // tanisargAdadhigamAdvA // 3 // utpadyata iti kriyAdhyAhArAnna nityaM samyagdarzanaM jJAyata iti| notpadyata iti kriyAdhyAhArAnnityaM jaise ghaTa, paTAdi jar3a padArthoM ko "maiM zraddhAna karane vAlA hU~" aisI pratIti nahIM hotI, usI prakAra acetana pradhAna (prakRti) ko bhI maiM zraddhAtA (zraddhAna karane vAlA) hU~ -aisI pratIti karanA kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai, jisase yaha AtmA hI zraddhAtA nirdvandva rUpa se siddha nahIM ho, arthAt AtmA hI nirdvandva rUpa se zraddhAtA siddha hotI hai| AtmA meM zraddhAna guNa ko siddha karane vAlI yaha pratIti bhrAnta (bhrama) rUpa hai, (vAstavika nahIM hai)aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai... kyoMki AtmA meM zraddhAnaguNa kI pratIti meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| arthAt AtmA meM zraddhAna guNa kI pratIti hotI hai-isakA khaNDana karane vAlA pratyakSAdi koI pramANa nahIM hai| / zraddhAna, ghaTAdi ke samAna nAzavanta hone se Atmadharma nahIM hai arthAt zraddhAna guNa naSTa hotA hai, nitya nahIM rahatA ata: ghaTAdi nAzavanta padArtha ke samAna zraddhAna bhI AtmA kA guNa nahIM hai isalie AtmA meM zraddhAna guNa kI pratIti anumAna bAdhita hai| aisA kahane vAle kA anumAna bhI pratIti kA bAdhaka nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha kSaNabhaMguratva hetu jJAna ke sAtha anaikAntika hai arthAt jJAna bhI kUTastha nitya nahIM hai, parivartanazIla hai, phira bhI AtmA kA dharma hai| parantu jJAna ko anAtma dharma mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jJAna ke Atmadharmatva ko pUrva meM siddha kiyA gayA hai| arthAt-jJAna AtmA kA dharma hai, yaha pUrva meM siddha kiyA hai| ataH siddha huA ki darzanamoha rahita tattvArtha zraddhAna samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa AtmA kA svarUpa hai, prakRti kA nhiiN| aba samyagdarzana kI utpatti ke kAraNa kahate haiM samyagdarzana nitya (anAdikAlIna) nahIM hai, samyagdarzana nitya hetu bhI nahIM hai arthAt-usako utpanna karane vAle kAraNa bhI nitya nahIM haiM aura ahetuka bhI nahIM hai arthAt binA kAraNa ke bhI vaha utpanna nahIM hotA hai| usakI utpatti ke do kAraNa haiN| unako agrima sUtra dvArA kahate haiM: vaha samyagdarzana nisarga (svabhAva)aura adhigama(paropadeza) do prakAra se utpanna hotA hai // 3 // "utpadyate" isa kriyA kA adhyAhAra karane se "samyagdarzana nitya nahIM hai" aisA jAnA jAtA hai| 'notpadyate' isa prakAra adhyAhAra karane para to samyagdarzana nitya ho jaayegaa| arthAt utpadyate kriyA kA adhyAhAra na karake "notpadyate" aisA kahane para samyagdarzana nisarga aura adhigama se utpanna nahIM hotaa| 1.sUtra meM jo kriyA nahIM hai prasaMgavaza asti, bhavati, utpadyate, varttate Adi kriyA Upara se lI jAtI hai, usako adhyAhAra kahate haiN|
Page #37
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 24 taditi cet, dravyataH paryAyato vA ? dravyatazcet siddhsaadhytaa| paryAyatastu tasya nityatve satatasaMvedana prsNg:| nityaM tadanaMtatvAjjIvadravyavaditi cet na, kevalajJAnAdibhirvyabhicArAt / teSAmapi pakSIkaraNe mokSasya nityatvaprasakteH kva saMsArAnubhava: ? na ca mokSakAraNasya samyagdarzanAditrayAtmakasyAnityatvepi mokSasyAnityatvamupapadyate, mokSasyAnaMtatvepi ca sAditve samyaktvAdInAmanaMtatvepi sAditvaM kathaM na bhavet ? tato notpadyata iti kriyaadhyaahaarvirodhH| etenAhetukaM saddarzanamiti nirstN| nityahetukaM tadityapyayuktaM, mithyAdarzanasyAsvasadbhAvaprasaMgAt tatkAraNasya saddarzanakAraNe virodhini sarvadA sati saMbhavAdanupapatteH yena ca tannityaM nApi nityahetukaM naahetukN| ataH nitya hai, aisA artha ho jaayegaa| aisA kahane vAle se AcArya kahate haiM ki vaha samyagdarzana dravya kI apekSA se nitya hai ki paryAya kI apekSA se? yadi dravya kI apekSA samyagdarzana ko nitya kahate ho to siddhasAdhyatA hai| arthAt samyagdarzana AtmA kA guNa hai| guNa guNI se bhinna nahIM hotA, ata: AtmA ke nitya hone se samyagdarzana bhI nitya hai-aisA hama mAnate haiN| isalie ApakA kathana siddhasAdhya doSa se dUSita hai| paryAya dRSTi se usake nityapanA mAnane para satata vedana kA prasaMga AtA hai (parantu samyagdarzana kA satata vedana nahIM hotA hai)| jIva dravya ke samAna samyagdarzana ananta kAla taka rahatA hai| isalie nitya hai, aisA bhI nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki aisA kahane para kevalajJAnAdi ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai| arthAt kevalajJAnAdi ananta kAla taka rahate haiM, parantu nitya nahIM hai' ata: jo ananta kAla taka rahatA hai vaha nitya hai-aisA ghaTita nahIM hotaa| tathA kevalajJAnAdi kSAyika bhAvoM ke bhI nityatva svIkAra kara lene para mokSa ke bhI nityatva kA prasaMga AtA hai aura mokSa ko nitya mAna lene para saMsAra kA anubhava kahA~, kaise hogA arthAt sabhI mukta ho jaayeNge| tathA samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrAtmaka trayAtmaka mokSa ke kAraNoM meM anityapanA hone para bhI mokSa ke anityapanA nahIM utpanna hotA hai| mokSa ke anantatva hokara sAditva hai to mokSa ke samAna samyaktva Adi ke anantatva hone para unake sAditva kaise nahIM ho sakatA ? arthAt avazya hI hotA hai| isalie 'notpadyate' isa kriyA kA adhyAhAra viruddha hai| isa pUrvokta kathana se, samyagdarzana ke ahetukapane kA bhI khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt nisargaja aura adhigamaja zabda se samyagdarzana kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai, binA kAraNa nahIM hotA, sUcita kiyA hai| samyagdarzana nitya kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki samyagdarzana ko nitya hetuka mAna lene para AtmA meM mithyAdarzana ke asadbhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki mithyAdarzana ke virodhI samyagdarzana ke kAraNoM ke nitya (sarvakAla) vidyamAna rahane para mithyAdarzana kI utpatti kA prasaMga hI nahIM aayegaa| isalie samyagdarzana na nitya hai, na nityahetuka hai aura na ahetuka hai apitu syAdvAda kI siddhi se nitya, anitya Adi sapta bhaMga se siddha hai|
Page #38
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 25 tena nAnAditA tasyaM sarvadotpattireva vA / nityaM tatsatvasaMbaddhAtprasajyetAvizeSataH // 1 // nanu ca mithyAdarzanasya nityatvAbhAvepi nAnAditvavyavacchedo iti cena, tasyAnAdikAraNatvAt / na ca tatkAraNasyAnAditvAnnityatvaprasaktiH saMtAnApekSayAnAditvavacanAt, paryAyApekSayA tasyApi saaditvaat| tasyAnAdyanaMtatve vA sarvadA moksssyaabhaavaaptteH| nityahetvahetukatvAbhAve sarvadotpattivyavacchedonupapanna: keSAMcitsaMsArasya tAdRzatvepi sarvadotpattidarzanAditi cenna, tasya nityahetusaMtAnatvAt / prAgabhAvasyAhetukatvepi nityatvasattvayoradarzanAnnAhetukasya samyagdarzanasya tatprasaMgo yena tannivRttaye tasya sahetukatvamucyate iti cenna, prAgabhAvasyAhetukatvAsiddheH / sa hi ghaTotpatteH prAk tadviviktaparyAyaparaMparArUpo vA dravyamAtrarUpo vA ? prathamapakSe ___kyoMki utpanna hotA hai isalie samyagdarzana ke anAditA nahIM hai| usakI utpatti kA hetu nitya na hone se usakI sarvadA utpatti bhI nahIM hai| mithyAdarzana ke astitva kA sambandha hone se samyagdarzana ke nityapane kA prasaMga bhI nahIM hai, anya ghaTa, paTa mithyAdarzana Adi kAryoM se samyagdarzana meM kAryapane kI koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt jaise ve ghaTa, paTa Adika nitya, nityahetuka yA ahetuka nahIM haiM, vaise hI samyagdarzana bhI aisA nahIM hai| nitya, nityahetuka aura ahetuka na hone se samyagdarzana ke anAditA, sarvadA utpatti aura nitya sambandhatA kA prasaMga nahIM ho sakatA hai||1|| zaMkA : mithyAdarzana ke nityatva kA abhAva hone para bhI anAdi kA vyavaccheda nahIM dekhA gayA hai (usI prakAra samyagdarzana ke bhI nitya na hone para bhI anAditva kA vyavaccheda nahIM honA cAhie) samAdhAna: aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki mithyAdarzana kA kAraNa mithyAtva anAdi kAla se hai| parantu mithyAtva ke kAraNa ke anAdi hone se mithyAtva ke nityatva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA, kyoMki saMtAna kI (paramparA kI) apekSA se mithyAdarzana anAdi hai, usake bhI paryAya kI apekSA sAdipanA hai| usa mithyAtva ko anAdi aura anantatva mAna lene para vA sarvakAla meM rahane vAlA nitya mAna lene para mokSa ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| zaMkA : nitya hetutva kA abhAva hone para bhI samyagdarzana ke sarvadA utpatti kA vyavaccheda nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki kinhI jIvoM ke saMsAra kA tAdRzatva (nitya hetu nahIM) hone para bhI sarvadA utpatti dekhI jAtI hai, ataH nityahetu kA abhAva sarvadA utpatti kA vyavacchedaka nahIM hai| .koI kahatA hai-jaise ahetukatva hone para prAgabhAva ke nityatva aura astitva dRSTigocara nahIM hote haiM, prAgabhAva kArya ke utpanna ho jAne para naSTa ho jAtA hai, ataH prAgabhAva trikAlavartI nahIM hai, nitya nahIM hai tathA dravya, guNa aura karma ke samAna sattA vAlA aura sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya ke samAna rUpasattA (astitva) vAlA bhI nahIM hai, ata: asat bhI hai, usI prakAra ahetuka samyagdarzana ke bhI nitya hI astitva meM rahane kA prasaMga nahIM AtA, jisase ki jaina samyagdarzana kI nityatA kI nivRtti ke lie samyagdarzana ko sahetuka svIkAra karate haiM (kahate haiN|) AcArya kahate haiM-ki yaha kahanA yukta nahIM hai- kyoMki prAgabhAva ke ahetukatva siddha nahIM hai| hama pUchate haiM ki vaha prAgabhAva ghaTa kI utpatti ke pUrva kisa svarUpa hai? ghaTa ke
Page #39
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 26 pUrvapUrvaparyAyAdutpatteH kathamasau kAryotpattipUrvakAlabhAvI paryAyakalApo'hetuko nAma yata: kAryajanmani tasyAsattvaM pUrvaM sato'pi virudhyate tadA vA'sattvepi pUrvaM sattvaM na ghttte| dvitIyapakSe tu yathA prAgabhAvasyAhetukatvaM tathA nityaM sattvamapi dravyamAtrasya kadAcidasattvAyogAt / kAryotpattau kAryarahitatvena prAcyena rUpeNa dravyamasadeveti cet, nanvevaM kAryarahitatvameva vizeSaNamasanna punadravyaM tasya tnmaatrsvruuptvaabhaavaat| tuccha: prAgabhAvo na bhAvasvabhAva iti cAyuktaM, tasya kAryotpatte: pUrvameva sattvavirodhAt kAryakAle vA sattvAyogAt, sattvAsattvavizeSaNayorbhAvAzrayatvadarzanAt / tathA ca na prAgabhAvastucchaH sattvAsattvavizeSaNAzrayatvAd dravyAdivat pUrva hone vAlI zivikA Adi paryAyoM kI paramparArUpa meM avasthita hai yA dravyarUpa se avasthita hai| yadi prathama pakSa (zivikA Adi paryAyoM kI paramparA rUpa se avasthita hai to) meM pUrva-pUrva paryAya se utpanna hone se kArya utpatti kA pUrva kAla bhAvI paryAyoM ke samUharUpa vaha prAgabhAva ahetuka kaise ho sakatA hai? kyoMki aisA mAnane para kAryajanma meM prAgabhAva kI asattA aura pUrva meM usakA sattva mAnanA viruddha par3atA hai| tathA asattva hone para pUrva sattva ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| yadi dUsarA pakSa-ghaTa utpatti ke pUrva prAgabhAva ko dravya mAtra rUpa mAnate ho to jaise prAgabhAva kA ahetukatva hai-usI prakAra usake nityatva aura astitva bhI hai-kyoMki dravya mAtra ke kadAcit bhI asattA nahIM hotii| kyoMki paryAyoM kI apekSA niraMtara utpAda vyaya hote hue bhI dravya niraMtara dhrauvya rahatA hai arthAt usakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| ata: dravya rUpa hone se prAgabhAva ke bhI anAdipanA, ahetukapanA, nityatva aura astitva svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| vartamAna kArya kI utpatti meM pUrva paryAya rUpa kArya se rahitatva ho jAne se pUrNa rUpa se dravya asat hI hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra kAryarahitatva vizeSaNa dravya meM vidyamAna nahIM hai, kyoMki dravya ke paryAyarUpatva mAtra svabhAva kA abhAva hai| arthAt-pUrva paryAya ke vartamAna meM na rahane se dravya kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki dravya kevala paryAya rUpa hI nahIM hai, apitu guNoM aura paryAyoM kA piNDa vaizeSika kahatA hai ki prAgabhAva bhAvasvabhAva (paryAya-samudAya rUpa vA dravyarUpa) nahIM hai, apitu tuccha (nirupAkhya abhAva) rUpa hai| AcArya kahate haiM-aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai| kyoMki, usa prAgabhAva ke kArya utpatti ke pUrva sattva kA virodha aura kAryakAla meM asattva kA ayoga hai, tathA sattva aura asattva vizeSaNa bhAva (astirUpa padArtha) ke Azrayatva dekhA jAtA hai| ataH, dravyAdi ke samAna sattva aura asattva vizeSaNa ke Azraya yukta hone se prAgabhAva bhI tuccha (nirupAkhya) nahIM hai| prAgabhAva ko tuccha mAnane para vizeSa kA abhAva hone se viparItatA kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt-jaise asattA-sattA kA vizeSaNa hone se prAgabhAva tuccha hai usI prakAra vaizeSikoM dvArA mAne gae guNa, karma sAmAnya Adi sattA-sattA vizeSaNayukta hone se tuccha hoMge-yaha Apako iSTa nahIM hai ? ata: viparItatA aaegii|
Page #40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 27 viparyayaprasaMgo vA vishessaabhaavaat| kadAcitsattvamasattvaM ca vizeSaNamupacArAtprAgabhAvasyeti cet, tarhi na tattvataH kadAcitsattvaM punarasattvamahetukasyApi bhavatIti sarvadA sattvasyAsattvasya vA nivRttaye saddarzanasyAhetukatvaM vyavacchettavyameva nityatvanityahetukatvavat // nisargAditi nirdezo hetaavdhigmaaditi| tacchabdena parAmRSTaM samyagdarzanamAtrakam // 2 // sUtresminnisargAditi nirdezodhigamAditi ca hetau bhavan samyagdarzanamAtraparAmarzitvaM tacchabdasya jJApayati tadutpattAveva tayorhetutvaghaTanAt, jJAnacAritrotpattau tayorhetutve siddhAMtavirodhAnna mArgaparAmarzitvamupapannaM / samyagjJAnaM hi nisargAderutpadyamAnaM niHzeSaviSayaM niyataviSayaM vA ? na tAvadAdivikalpaH ke valasya sklshrutpuurvktvopdeshaannisrgjtvvirodhaat| sakalazrutajJAnaM nisargAdutpadyata ityapyasiddhaM, paropadezAbhAve vaizeSika kahatA hai ki-prAgabhAva kA kadAcit sattva-asattva vizeSaNa upacAra se mAnA gayA hai (vAstavika nhiiN)| AcArya kahate haiM ki yadi aisA kahate ho to prAgabhAva ke vAstava meM kabhI sattva vA asattva nahIM rahA, kintu vastu mAna lene para ahetuka bhI prAgabhAva ke yA to sattva rahegA yA phira asattva rhegaa| .. isI prakAra samyagdarzana ke sarvadA sattva aura asattva kI nivRtti ke lie samyagdarzana ke ahetukatva kA vyavaccheda karanA cAhie, nitya aura nitya hetukatva ke smaan| arthAt yadi samyagdarzana ko ahetuka (binA kAraNa utpanna huA) mAnA jAtA hai to AtmA meM nitya hI usakI sattA ke sambandha kA prasaMga AtA hai, athavA tucchAbhAva (nirupAkhya) kaheMge to AtmA meM samyagdarzana kA sarvadA abhAva ho jAtA hai ata: ina donoM doSoM ko dUra karane ke lie samyagdarzana ko sahetuka mAnanA hI Avazyaka hai ata: nisarga aura adhigama ye do hetu samyagdarzana kI utpatti ke kAraNa kahe haiN| ___ sUtra meM nisargAt (nisarga se), adhigamAt (adhigama se) yaha nirdeza (paMcamI vibhakti) hetu rUpa artha meM kahI hai tathA 'tat' zabda se samyagdarzana mAtra kA hI parAmarza kiyA gayA hai, jJAna-cAritra kA nhiiN||2|| __ "tannisargAdadhigamAdvA" - isa sUtra meM paMcamI vibhakti kA nirdeza hetu artha meM hotA huA 'tat' zabda se samyagdarzana mAtra ke parAmarzitva ko pragaTa kara rahA hai| kyoMki, samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM hI nisarga aura adhigama ina donoM ko hetupanA ghaTita ho sakatA hai| arthAt mAtra samyagdarzana hI ina do kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai|, jJAna evaM cAritra kI utpatti meM ina donoM hetuoM ko mAna lene para (jJAna aura cAritra bhI nisarga aura adhigama se utpanna hote haiM, aisA kahane para) siddhAnta kA virodha AtA hai| ata: yaha jJAna cAritra kA gamaka nahIM hai, tathA mArga kA parAmarzipanA bhI nahIM hai| arthAt mArga bhI do kAraNoM se utpanna nahIM hotaa| ata: yaha tat' zabda samyagdarzana kA hI gamaka hai| . yadi samyagjJAna nisarga yA adhigama kAraNa se utpanna hotA hai to sampUrNa viSaya karane vAlA jJAna nisargAdi kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai yA niyata viSaya vAlA jJAna ? yadi sampUrNa viSaya karane vAle (kevala) jJAna ko nisarga (kAraNoM) se utpanna huA mAnate ho to sakala zruta ke jJAna pUrvakatva ke upadeza se utpanna hone vAle kevalajJAna ke nisargajatva kA virodha AtA hai| arthAt kevalajJAna zrutajJAnapUrvaka hI hotA hai| yadi
Page #41
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 28 tasyAnupapatteH / svayaMbuddhazrutajJAnamaparopadezamiti cenna, tasya janmAntaropadezapUrvakatvAt tajjanmApekSayA svayaMbuddhatvasyAvirodhAt / dezaviSayaM matyavadhimana:paryayajJAnaM nisargAderutpadyata iti dvitIyavikalpopi na zreyAn tasyAdhigamajatvAsaMbhavAt dvividhahetukatvAghaTanAt / kiMcinisargAdaparamadhigamAdutpadyata iti jJAnasAmAnya dvividhahetukaM ghaTata eveti cet na, darzanepi tathA prasaMgAt / na caitadyuktaM prativyakti tasya dvividhhetuktvprsiddheH| yathA hyaupazamikaM darzanaM nisargAdadhigamAccotpadyate tathA kSAyopazamikaM kSAyikaM ceti suprtiitN| cAritraM punaradhigamajameva tasya zrutapUrvakatvAttadvizeSasyApi nisargajatvAbhAvAnna dvividhahetukatvaM saMbhavatIti na trayAtmako mArgaH saMbadhyate, atra darzanamAtrasyaiva nisrgaaddhigmaadvotpttybhisNbNdhghttnaat| nanvevaM tacchabdonarthakaH sakala zrutajJAna ko svabhAva se utpanna huA kahate ho, to yaha bhI asiddha hai| arthAt-zrutajJAna bhI nisargaja nahIM hai kyoMki paropadeza (guru ke upadeza) ke abhAva meM zrutajJAna utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| bodhita buddha kA jJAna paropadeza ke binA nahIM hotA, parantu svayaMbuddha kA jJAna to paropadeza ke binA hotA hai? yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki, svayaMbuddha ke jJAna kI utpatti bhI janmAntara meM prApta para ke upadeza pUrvaka hI hotI hai parantu, isa janma kI apekSA unako svayaMbuddha (paropadeza ke binA jJAnI) kahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai ataH svayaMbuddha muni ke utpanna huA jJAna bhI adhigamaja hI hai, nisargaja nhiiN| niyata viSayaka (deza viSayaka) matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyaya jJAna nisarga se utpanna hote haiM, yaha dUsarA vikalpa bhI zreyaskara nahIM hai kyoMki dezaviSayaka jJAna ke adhigamaja kI asaMbhavatA hone se dvividha hetu ghaTita nahIM ho skte| arthAt matijJAnAdi ke bhI nisargaja aura adhigamaz2a ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| koI jJAna (kevalajJAna aura zrutajJAna) adhigama se aura koI jJAna (mati, avadhi, mana:paryaya) nisarga se utpanna hotA hai ata:jJAna sAmAnya kI apekSA jJAna meM do hetu se utpanna honA ghaTita ho jAtA hai, aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA kahane se yaha prasaMga samyagdarzana meM bhI aayegaa| arthAt-samyagdarzana bhI koI nisarga se aura koI adhigama se utpanna ho jAyegA, parantu aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki samyagdarzana kI pratyeka vyakti meM (prakaTatA meM) do hetuoM se siddhi hai-jaise aupazamika samyagdarzana nisarga aura adhigama ina do kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana nisarga aura adhigama ina hetuoM se utpanna hote haiM-aisI supratIti hotI hai| punaH cAritra to adhigamaja hI hai, kyoMki usa cAritra kI utpatti zrutajJAna pUrvaka hotI hai| arthAt jJAna ke dvArA cAritra ke svarUpa ko jAnakara ke hI usakA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| cAritra vizeSa (sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA Adi) kI utpatti ke bhI nisargajatva kA abhAva hai| isalie cAritra kI utpatti meM nisarga aura adhigama ye do hetukatva (hetupanA) saMbhava nahIM haiN| trayAtmaka mokSamArga bhI do hetuoM se sambandhita nahIM hai| isalie yahA~ samyagdarzana ke hI nisarga aura adhigama se utpatti kA sambandha ghaTita hotA hai ataH 'tat' zabda samyagdarzana kA parAmarzA hai|
Page #42
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 29 sAmarthyAddarzanenAtrAbhiMsaMbaMdhasiddheriti cet na, shaabdnyaayaanmaargennaabhisNbNdhprskteH| pratyAsattestatopi darzanasyaivAbhisaMbaMdha iti cenna, mArgasya pradhAnatvAddarzanasyAsya tadavayavatvena guNabhUtatvAt, pratyAsatteH pradhAnasya balIyastvAt, sannikRSTaviprakRSTayoH sannikRSTe saMpratyaya ityetasya gauNamukhyayormukhye saMpratyaya ityanenApohitatvAt sArthaka eva tacchabdo mArgAbhisaMbaMdhaparihArArthatvAt / nanu ca darzanavanmArgasyApi pUrvaprakrAMtatvapratIte: tacchabdasya ca pUrvaprakrAMtaparAmarzitvAt kathaM zAbdanyAyAdarzanasyaivAbhisaMbaMdho na tu mArgasyeti cet na, asmAtsUtrAdarzanasya mukhyataH pUrvaprakrAMtatvAtparAmarzopapatte: mArgasya pUrvaprakrAMtatvAdupacAreNa tathA bhAvAt praamrshaaghttnaat| taditi napuMsakaliMgasyaikasya nirdezAcca na mArgasya pulliMgasya parAmarzo nApi bahUnAM samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANAmiti zAbdAnnyAyAdArthAdiva saddarzanaM tacchabdena parAmRSTamunnIyate / zaMkA : isa sUtra meM 'tat' zabda kA grahaNa vyartha hai, kyoMki do hetuoM ke sAmarthya se vA samyagdarzana kA prakaraNa hone se tat' zabda ke binA hI samyagdarzana kA abhisambandha siddha ho jAtA hai| samAdhAna: aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki 'tat' zabda ke prayoga binA zabda sambandhI vyAkaraNa zAstra ke anusAra nisargAdi kA mokSamArga ke sAtha abhisambandha kA prasaMga AtA hai| atyanta nikaTa hone se adhigama aura nisarga kA sambandha samyagdarzana ke sAtha hI hotA hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki yahA~ mokSamArga kI pradhAnatA hai, mokSamArga kA avayava (aMza) hone se samyagdarzana kI gauNatA hai| "pratyAsatti (nikaTa rahane vAle) se pradhAna balavAna hotA hai| sannikRSTa aura viprakRSTa meM sannikRSTa kA sampratyaya (jJAna) hotA hai, dUravartI kA nhiiN| vyAkaraNa kI isa paribhASA se gauNa aura mukhya padArtha kA samAna prakaraNa hone para mukhya kA jJAna hotA hai" isa prakAra isa paribhASA se apavAdita (bAdhita) hone se mArga ke abhisambandha kA parihAra karane ke lie 'tat' zabda kA grahaNa sArthaka hai| zaMkA : samyagdarzana ke samAna mokSamArga ke bhI pUrva prakAntatva kI pratIti hone se (pUrva prakaraNa meM Agata kA jJAna hone se) aura 'tat' zabda ke pUrva prakAnta parAmarzitva hone se, zabda nyAya se samyagdarzana kA hI tat' zabda se grahaNa kyoM hotA hai, mokSamArga ke sAtha kyoM nahIM hotA ? samAdhAna : isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki isa sUtra se mukhya rUpa se pUrvaprakAntapanA samyagdarzana ke hI hai, ataH samyagdarzana kA hI tat' zabda se grahaNa hotA hai| mArga ke pUrva prakAntatva upacAra se hai, ata: mArga ke mukhya rUpa se pUrva prakAntatva kA abhAva hone se 'tat' zabda ke dvArA mArga kA grahaNa honA ghaTita nahIM hotaa| athavA 'tat' yaha napuMsakaliMga hai aura mArga pulliNg| ata: liMga ke arthAnusAra 'tat' zabda se napuMsakaliMga samyagdarzana kA grahaNa hotA hai| tat' yaha ekavacana kA nirdeza hone se bahuvacanavAcI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA grahaNa nahIM hotA ata: zabda para vizeSa lakSya dene vAle zabdazAstra aura arthAMza para lakSya dekara zabdabodha kI praNAlI ko batAne vAle arthazAstra kI nIti se 'tat' zabda ke dvArA samyagdarzana kA hI grahaNa hotA hai, mArga kA nhiiN|
Page #43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 30 kaH punarayaM nisargodhigamo vA yasmAttadutpadyata ? ityAha;vinA paropadezena tattvArthapratibhAsanam / nisargodhigamastena kRtaM taditi nizcayaH // 3 // tato nApratibhAterthe zraddhAnamanuSajyate / nApi sarvasya tasyeha pratyayodhigamo bhavet // 4 // __na hi nisargaH svabhAvo yena tataH samyagdarzanamutpadyamAnamanupalabdhatattvArthagocaratayA rasAyanavannopapadyeta / na paropadezanirapekSe jJAne nisargazabdasya pravartanAnnisargataH zUraH siMha iti yathA svakAraNavizeSAdabhavadapi hi tasya zauryaM paropadezAnapekSaM loke naisargika prasiddhaM tadvattattvArthazraddhAnamaparopadezamatyAdijJAnAdhigate tattvArthe bhavanisargAnna virudhyate / nanvevaM matyAdijJAnasya darzanena sahotpattirvihanyate tasya tataH prAgapi bhAvAditi cenna, samyagdarzanotpAdanayogyasya matyajJAnAdermatijJAnAdivyapadezAddarzanasamakAlaM mtyaadijnyaanotptteH| tarhi mithyAjJAnAdhigatethe darzanaM mithyA prasaktamiti canna, jJAnasyApi mithyAtvaprasaMgAt / satyajJAnasyApUrvArthatvAnna prazna : jisase samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai vaha nisarga aura adhigama kyA hai ? uttara : kahate haiM para ke upadeza ke binA tattvArtha kA pratibhAsana honA (vaha) nisarga hai, tathA dUsare ke upadeza se jo tattva kA nizcaya hotA hai vaha adhigama hai| nisarga kahane se apratibhAsa (ajJAta) padArthoM ke zraddhAna kA prasaMga nahIM AtA aura paropadeza kahane se sabhI jIvoM ke upadeza, sabhI jIvoM ke adhigamaja samyagdarzana kA kAraNa nahIM hotA // 3-4 // isa sUtra meM nisarga kA artha svabhAva nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise jaba taka rasAyana kA jJAna nahIM hotA taba taka rasAyana kA zraddhAna nahIM hotA, usI prakAra tattvArtha ke gocara tattva kI upalabdhi ke . binA samyagdarzana utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| ataH nisarga kA artha svabhAva nahIM hai, apitu dUsare ke upadeza kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle jJAna meM nisarga zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai, jaise svabhAva se siMha zUra hai| svakAraNavizeSa (jAti, zarIra Adi kAraNa vizeSa) se utpanna hone vAlA siMha kA zaurya paropadezanirapekSa hone se loka meM naisargika kahalAtA hai vA naisargika prasiddha hai| usI prakAra paropadeza ke binA hI matijJAna (matijJAna pUrvaka jAtismaraNa) Adi ke dvArA jJAta (jAne hue) padArthoM meM paropadeza ke binA hI utpanna tattvArtha zraddhAna naisargika kahalAtA hai-isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| arthAt jisa prakAra siMha kI zUratA, krUratA jAti vizeSa kAraNoM se hone para bhI paropadeza kI apekSA na rakhane se naisargika kahalAtI hai, usI prakAra pUrva bhava kA jAtismaraNa, jinabimbadarzana Adi kAraNoM se utpanna bhI samyagdarzana paropadeza kI sAkSAt apekSA na hone se naisargika kahalAtA hai| zaMkA : yadi matijJAna se jAne hue tattva artha meM naisargika samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai, aisA mAnate ho to samyagdarzana ke sAtha mati Adi jJAna kI utpatti kA vyAghAta hotA hai| "samyagdarzana ke utpanna hote hI mati Adi jJAna sujJAna hote haiM"-yaha kathana ghaTita nahIM hogaa| kyoMki samyagdarzana ke pUrva bhI samyagjJAna kI upalabdhi hogii| samAdhAnaH aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, yadyapi samyagdarzana ke pUrva kAla meM rahane vAlA jJAna samyagjJAna nahIM hai, samyagdarzana ke sAtha hI samyagjJAna utpanna hotA hai, tathApi samyagdarzana ke utpAdana ke yogya mati ajJAna jJAnAdi sAmAnya jJAna upacAra se matijJAna isa nAma ke bhAgI hote haiN| athavA matijJAna hai aisA vyavahAra hotA hai| zaMkA : mithyAjJAna se jAne hue padArthoM ke zraddhAna se yadi samyagdarzana hotA hai to usa darzana ke mithyAtva kA prasaMga aayegaa| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para to mithyAjJAna se utpanna jJAna meM bhI mithyAtva kA prasaMga aayegaa|
Page #44
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 31 mithyAjJAnAdhigatethe pravRttiriti cenna, sarveSAM styjnyaansntaansyaanaaditvprsNgaat| satyajJAnAt prAk tadarthe mithyAjJAnavatsatyajJAnasyApyabhAvAnna tasyAnAditvaprasaktiriti cena,sarvajJAnazUnyasya prmaaturnaatmtvprsNgaat| na cAnAtmA pramAtA yuktotiprasaMgAt / satyajJAnAtpUrvaM tadviSaye jJAnaM na mithyA satyajJAnajananayogyatvAt, nApi satyaM pdaarthyaathaatmypricchedktvaabhaavaat| kiM tarhi ? satyetarajJAnaviviktaM jJAnasAmAnyaM, tato na tenAdhigaterthe pravartamAnaM satyajJAnaM mithyAjJAnaM mithyAjJAnAdhigataviSayasya grAhakaM nApi gRhItagrAhIti cet , tarhi kathaMcidapUrvArthaM satyajJAnaM na sarvathetyAyAtaM / tathopagame samyagdarzanaM tathaivopagamyamAnaM kathaM mithyAjJAnAdhigatArthe syAt ? satyajJAnapUrvakaM vA ? yatastatsamakAlaM mtijnyaanaadyupgmvirodhH| sarvaM saddarzanamadhigamajameva jJAnamAtrAdhigate yadi kaho ki satya (samIcIna) jJAna apUrvArtha hotA hai isalie mithyAjJAna se adhigata artha meM satyajJAna kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| arthAt mithyAjJAna gRhItagrAhI hai aura samyagjJAna apUrva artha ko jAnane vAlA hai| ata: mithyAjJAna ke dvArA jAne hue padArthoM meM samyagjJAna kI pravRtti nahIM hotI, to aisA bhI kahanA upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para sabhI prAcIna samyagdRSTiyoM aura navIna samyagdRSTiyoM ke samyagjJAna kI santAna ke anAdipane kA prasaMga AtA hai| samyagdarzana ke samAna kAla meM hone vAle satyajJAna se prAk (pahile) mithyAjJAna ke samAna, samyagjJAna kI bhI padArtha meM pravRtti nahIM hotI, isalie samyagjJAna ke anAditva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA ? - aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki mithyAjJAna aura samyagjJAna rUpa sarvajJAna se rahita pramAtA (AtmA) ke anAtmatva (jar3atva) kA prasaMga AtA hai| tathA atiprasaMga doSa (AtmA ke anAtmA hone kA prasaMga) hone se pramAtA (jJAtA AtmA) ko anAtmA (jJAnazUnya) kahanA yukta (ThIka) nahIM hai| koI vAdI kahatA hai ki- satya jJAna ke pUrva usa jJeya viSaya meM pravRtti karane vAlA jJAna satyajJAna ko utpanna karane kI yogyatA vAlA hone se mithyA jJAna nahIM hai aura usameM padArthoM kA yAthAtmya (vAstavika) paricchedakatva (jJAna) kA abhAva hone se (padArthoM kA vAstavika jJAna karAne meM samartha na hone se) samIcIna jJAna bhI nahIM hai| zaMkA : to vaha jJAna samIcInatA-asamIcInatA se rahita kaunasA jJAna hai ? samAdhAna : paranta samIcInatA aura asamIcInatA se rahita jJAna sAmAnya hai. isalie vaha sAmAnya jJAna se jAne hae padArthoM meM pravRtti karane vAlA honese satya jJAna bhI nahIM hai aura mithyAjJAna ke dvArA adhigata (jAne hue) viSaya kA grAhaka mithyAjJAna bhI nahIM hai, tathA gRhIta grAhI bhI nahIM hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki yadi Apa aisA mAnate ho to yaha nizcita hai ki kathaMcit satyajJAna (samyagjJAna) apUrvArthagrAhI hai, sarvathA nhiiN| ataH jaba Apa samyagjJAna ko kathaMcit apUrvArthagrAhI mAnate ho, samyagjJAna se pUrva vAle jJAna ko kathaMcit samyak mAnate ho to mithyAjJAna se jAne hue padArthoM meM samyagdarzana kaise hotA hai ? aisA kyoM kahate ho ? samyagdarzana ko bhI usI prakAra svIkAra kyoM nahIM karate ? tathA, samyagjJAna ke pUrva samyagjJAna kI sattA kaise mAnoge, jisase samyagjJAna ke samakAla meM matijJAna Adi ke svIkAra kA virodha ho sake? arthAt
Page #45
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 32 pravartamAnatvAditi cenna, paropadezApekSasya tttvaarthjnyaansyaadhigmshbdenaabhidhaanaat| nanvevamitaretarAzrayaH sati samyagdarzane paropadezapUrvakaM tattvArthajJAnaM tasmin sati samyagdarzanamiti cenna, upadeSTrajJAnApekSayA tathAbhidhAnAdityeke samAdadhate / tepi na yuktavAdinaH / paropadezApekSatvAbhAvAdupadeSTrajJAnasya, svayaMbuddhasyopadeSTutvAt, pratipAdyasyaiva paropadezApekSatattvArthajJAnasya sNbhvaat| yadaiva pratipAdyasya paropadezAttattvArthajJAnaM tadaiva samyagdarzanaM tayoH sahacAritvAt tato netaretarAzraya ityanye / tepi na prakRtajJAH / saddarzanajanakasya paropadezApekSatvAt tattvArthajJAnasya prakRtvAt tasya tatsahacAritvAbhAvAt sahacAriNastadajanakatvAt / paropadezApekSasya tattvArthajJAnasya samyagdarzanajananayogyasya paropadezAnapekSatattvArthajJAnavatsamyagdarzanAtparvaM svakAraNAdatpatternetaretarAzrayaNamityapare. samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna donoM ke hI pUrva jo sAmAnya jJAna hai yA samyagdarzana ke samaya meM vahI jJAna samIcIna matijJAnAdi rUpa se pariNata ho jAtA hai| jaise vAdI ke dvArA mAnA gayA samyagjJAna ke pUrva kA sAmAnya jJAna samyagjJAna hote hI samyagjJAna rUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai| ___ jJAna mAtra se jAne hue padArthoM se pravarttamAna (utpanna) hone se sabhI samyagdarzana adhigamaja hI hai| AcArya kahate haiM-aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakaraNa meM paropadeza kI apekSA rakhane vAle tattvArtha jJAna ko adhigama zabda se svIkAra kiyA hai| koI prazna karatA hai ki- adhigamajanya samyagdarzana meM itaretara Azraya (anyo'nyAzraya) doSa AtA hai kyoMki samyagdarzana hone para paropadezapUrvaka hone vAlA tattvArthajJAna samyagjJAna hogA aura usake samyagjJAna hone para samyagdarzana hogA ? koI vidvAn samAdhAna karate haiM ki isameM anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM AtA kyoMki upadeSTA (vaktA) ke jJAna kI apekSA aisA kaha diyA jAtA hai arthAt vaktA kA jJAna hI paropadeza se utpanna huA hai| usake jJAna se ziSya ke adhigamajanya samyagdarzana kaha diyA jAtA hai| AcArya kahate haiM, aisA kahane vAlA yuktivAdI nahIM hai, kyoMki upadeSTA kA jJAna paropadeza kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| svayaM anubhava kiye hue vidvAn hI upadeSTA (vaktA) hote haiN| arthAt samyagdarzana ko utpanna karAne vAle upadeza kA vaktA svayaMbuddha hotA hai| ata: upadeSTA kI apekSA paropadeza kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai; apitu pratipAdya (pratipAdana karane yogya) ziSya ke hI tattvArthajJAna ko paropadeza kI apekSA honA sambhava hai| jisa samaya ziSya ko paropadeza se tattvArtha jJAna hotA hai usI samaya samyagdarzana hotA hai kyoMki donoM meM sahacara bhAva hai arthAt donoM eka sAtha hote haiN| isalie ina donoM meM itaretara Azraya doSa nahIM hotaa| aisA kathana karane vAlA bhI prakaraNa ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ prakaraNa meM paropadeza kI apekSA se utpanna samyagdarzana kA janaka tattvArthajJAna hai| yaha samyagdarzana ke sahacara jJAna kA prakaraNa nahIM hai ataH samyagdarzana ke utpAdaka paropadezarUpa tattvArthajJAna meM samyagdarzana ke sahacaratva kA abhAva hai kyoMki jo sahacara hotA hai vaha usakA utpAdaka nahIM hotaa| ___dUsare koI kahate haiM - jaise paropadeza kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA sAmAnya tattvArthajJAna samyagdarzana ke pUrva apane hI kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai, usI prakAra paropadeza kI apekSA rakhane vAlA, samyagdarzana ko karane kI yogyatA vAlA tattvArtha jJAna bhI samyagdarzana ke pUrva kSayopazama Adi svakAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai
Page #46
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*33 sklcodyaanaamsNbhvaadaagmaavirodhaat| sarvaM samyagdarzanaM svAbhAvikameva svakAle svayamutpatteniHzreyasavaditi cenna, hetorsiddhtvaat| sarvathA jJAnamAtreNApyanadhigaterthe zraddhAnasyAprasiddhaH / vedArthe zUdravattatsyAditi cenna, bhAratAdizravaNAdhigate zUdrasya tasminneva zraddhAnadarzanAt / na pratyakSataH svayamadhigate maNau prabhAvAdinA saMbhavAnumAnAnniIte kasyacidbhaktisaMbhavAdanyathA tadayogAt / sAdhyasAdhanavikalatvAcca dRSTAMtasya na svAbhAvikatvasAdhanaM darzanasya saadhiiyH| na hi svAbhAvikaM niHzreyasaM tttvjnyaanaadiktdupaayaanrthktvaaptteH| nApi svakAle svayamutpattistasya yuktA tata ev| kecitsaMkhyAtena kAlena setsyanti bhavyAH, kecidasaMkhyAtena, kecidanaMtena, kecidanaMtAnaMtenApi kAlena na setsyatItyAgamAniHzreyasasya svakAle svayamutpattiriti cet na, ataH aisA hone para anyonyAzraya doSa bhI nahIM AtA hai| sakala kuzaMkAoM kI isameM saMbhAvanA bhI nahIM rahatI aura Agama se virodha bhI nahIM AtA arthAt samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM nimittakAraNa pUrva samayavartI jJAna hai aura usa jJAna kA nimitta kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hai ata: isameM anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM hai| prazna : sarva hI samyagdarzana nisargaja hI hai kyoMki samyagdarzana svakAla meM svayaM utpanna hotA haimokSa ke samAna / arthAt jaise apane kAla meM mokSa svayaM utpanna hotA hai vaise samyagdarzana bhI svakAla meM svayaM utpanna hotA hai| uttara : isameM svayaM utpatti' yaha hetu asiddha hai kyoMki sarvathA jJAna mAtra (sAmAnya jJAna) se jAne hue padArthoM meM zraddhAna honA aprasiddha hai| . jisa prakAra vedArtha ko jAne binA bhI zUdra ko veda viSayaka atyanta bhakti ho jAtI hai usI prakAra anadhigata jIvAdi padArthoM meM bhI zraddhAna ho jAtA hai, yaha kathana bhI ucita nahIM hai / (arthAt yaha dRSTAnta viSama hai) kyoMki zUdra ko mahAbhArata Adi granthoM se veda kI mahimA sunakara yA veda ke jJAtAoM se veda kA mahattva jAnakara veda meM zraddhAna (bhakti) hotA hai, aisA dekhA jAtA hai| jaise pratyakSa pramANa se svayaM adhigata mArga meM usakA prabhAva, camaka-damaka Adi usameM hone vAle anumAna se nirNIta hone para kisI kI usake prati bhakti vA usakA grahaNa karanA hotA hai| anyathA (yadi maNi ko pratyakSa nahIM jAnA aura prabhAva Adi hetuoM se usakA nirNaya nahIM huA hai to) usa maNi meM rAga kA yoga nahIM ho sakatA tathA samyagdarzana ko naisargika siddha karane ke lie diye gaye mokSarUpI dRSTAntake sAdhya sAdhana vikalatA hone se samyagdarzana ke svAbhAvikatva sAdhana ko siddha nahIM kara sktaa| arthAt samyagdarzana ko naisargika siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA mokSa rUpa dRSTAnta mokSa pakSa meM hI nahIM hai| kyoMki mokSa svabhAva se utpanna nahIM hotA hai| yadi mokSa naisargika hai to usake tattva-jJAna, dIkSA, dhyAna Adi upAyoM kA pAlana karanA vyartha hogA ataH mokSa kI utpatti svakAla meM svayaM hotI hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| zaGkA : koI bhavya saMkhyAta kAla meM siddha hoMge, koI asaMkhyAta bhava meM aura koI ananta kAla meN| koI aise bhI bhavya haiM jo anantAnanta kAla meM bhI siddha nahIM hoMge, aisA Agama meM kathana hai| isa prakAra Agama ke kathana se niHzreyasa mokSa kI prApti svakAla meM svayaM binA yatna hotI hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki Apa Agama kA jaisA 1. pakSa meM nahIM rahane vAle hetu ko asiddha hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| 2. vedAntiyoM kA kathana hai ki strI aura zadra veda par3hane ke adhikArI nahIM haiN| unako veda ke prati svayaM naisargika zraddhA utpanna hotI hai isalie usakA dRSTAnta diyA hai| 3. sAdhya meM pakSa meM sAdhana ke nahIM rahane ko sAdhya sAdhana vikala sAdhana (hetu) kahate haiN|
Page #47
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 34 aagmsyaivNprtvaabhaavaat| samyagdarzanajJAnacAritramAtmIbhAve sati saMkhyAtAdinA kAlena setsyaMtItyevamarthatayA tasya nizcitatvAt, darzanamohopazamAdijanyatvAcca na darzanaM svakAlenaiva janyate yataH svAbhAvikaM syAt // aMtardarzanamohasya bhavyasyopazame sati / tatkSayopazame vApi kSaye vA drshnodbhvH||5|| bahiH kAraNasAkalyepyasyotpatterapIkSaNAt / kadAcidanyathA tasyAnupapatteriti sphuTam // 6 // tato na svAbhAvikosti viparItagrahakSayaH syAdvAdinAmivAnyeSAmapi tathAnabhyupagamAt // pApApAyAdbhavatyeSa vipriitgrhkssyH| puMso dharmavizeSAdvetyanye sNprtipedire||7|| nanu ca yadi darzanamohasyopazamAdistattvazraddhAnasya kAraNaM tadA sa sarvasya sarvadA tajjanayet Atmani artha karate haiM usa Agama kI isa prakAra artha karane meM tatparatA nahIM hai| arthAt Agama kA artha aisA nahIM hai| kyoMki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ina tInoM kA AtmA ke sAtha tadAtmaka ekarasa ho jAne para koI saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta Adi kAla se siddha hoNge| Agama kA yaha artha nizcita hai arthAt mokSaprApti ke kAraNa ratnatraya kI prApti hone para hI mokSa prApta hotA hai kevala kAla se nahIM / tathA samyagdarzana darzana moha ke upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama se utpanna hotA hai| samyagdarzana svakAla se utpanna hotA hai isalie svAbhAvika hai, aisA nahIM kaha skte| darzana moha ke kSaya, upazama aura kSayopazama rUpa antaraMga kAraNoM ke milane se samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai tathA dharmopadeza rUpa bahiraMga kAraNa sAkalya kA saMyoga hone para kadAcit samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai, aisA dekhA jAtA hai aura antaraMga kAraNoM ke nahIM milane para samyagdarzana kI utpatti nahIM hotI, yaha nizcita hai||5-6|| jaise viparItagraha (mithyAtva Adi) kSaya se hone vAlA tattvArtha zraddhAna rUpa samyagdarzana syAdvAdiyoM ke (jaina dharmAvalambiyoM ke) svAbhAvika (naisargika) nahIM hai usI prakAra naiyAyika AdikoM ke bhI samyagdarzana ko svAbhAvika honA svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| anya matAvalambiyoM ne bhI kahA hai AtmA ke isa viparIta graha kA kSaya pApa ke nAza se aura dharma vizeSa se hotA hai aisA anya loga bhI mAnate haiN||7|| ata: mithyAjJAna rUpa viparIta grahoM kA kSaya karane vAlA samyagjJAna kA avinAbhAvI samyagdarzana apane kAraNoM se hI utpanna hotA hai, sarvathA svabhAva se nhiiN| zaMkA : yadi darzana moha kA upazama, kSaya Adi tattvArtha zraddhAna kA kAraNa hai to ve upazamAdi kAraNa sabhI jIvoM ke sarvadA samyagdarzana ko utpanna karAveM kyoMki ahetuka (binA kAraNa) hone se upazamAdi kA sarvadA sadbhAva rahatA hai|
Page #48
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 35 tasyAhetukatvena sarvadA sadbhAvAt, anyathA kadAcitkasyacinna janayet sarvadApyasattvAt vizeSAbhAvAditi cenna,tasya sahetukatvAtpratipakSavizeSamaMtareNAbhAvAt / kathaM pratipakSavizeSAddarzanamohasyopazamAdirityucyate;dRgmohastu kvacijAtu kasyacinnuH prshaamyti| pratipakSavizeSasya saMpattestimirAdivat // 8 // kSayopazamamAyAti kSayaM vA tata eva sH| tadvadeveti tattvArthazraddhAnaM syaatsvhetutH||9|| - yaH kvacit kadAcit kasyacidupazAmyati kSayopazamameti kSIyate vA sa svapratipakSaprakarSamapekSate yathA cakSuSi timiraadiH| tathA ca darzanamoha iti naahetukstdupshmaadiH|| pratipakSavizeSopi dRGmohasyAsti kazcana / jIvavyAmohahetutvAdunmattakarasAdivat // 10 // yadi ve upazamAdi sabhI jIvoM ke sarvadA samyagdarzana utpanna nahIM karate haiM to vizeSatA kA abhAva hai aura sarvadA (sarvakAla meM bhI) asattva hone se kisI bhI kAla meM kisI ke bhI samyagdarzana utpanna nahIM kreNge| arthAt binAkAraNa hone se kisI ke kisI kAla meM samyagdarzana utpanna kare aura kisI ke na kare, aisA nahIM ho sakatA ? samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki darzanamohanIya karma kA upazama Adi nirhetuka nahIM hai, sahetuka hai| kAraNa darzana mohanIya karma ke pratipakSI kAlalabdhi, dhyAna, adha:karaNa Adi pariNAmoM ke binA darzana moha ke upazama Adi hone kA abhAva hai arthAt vizeSa vyakti ke vizeSa kAla meM darzana moha ke nAzaka kAraNoM ke milane para hI samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai ataH samyagdarzana kI sarvadA utpatti vA sarvadA anupapatti kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| karmoM ke zatrurUpa pratipakSI vizeSa se darzana mohanIya karma kA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama kaise hotA hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM- jaise A~kha kA timira roga auSadhi vizeSa se naSTa hotA hai usI prakAra darzana mohanIya karma ke nAzaka vizeSa pratipakSiyoM kI prApti hone para kisI kSetra, kAla meM kisI AtmA meM darzana mohanIya karma kA upazama hotA hai| jisa prakAra vizeSa kAraNoM se darzana moha kA upazama hotA hai usI prakAra vizeSa kAraNoM se darzana moha kA kSaya aura kSayopazama bhI hotA hai ata: tattvArtha zraddhAna svahetu (svakAraNoM) se hotA hai (binA kAraNa nhiiN)|| 8-9 // jaise cakSu meM utpanna timirAdi roga upazamita yA kSaya hone meM roga kI pratikAra auSadhi kI apekSA rakhate haiM usI prakAra jo darzanamoha kisI kSetra meM kisI AtmA meM kSaya, upazama aura kSayopazama ko prApta hotA hai vaha apane pratipakSI ke prakarSa kI apekSA karatA hai ata:darzanamoha kA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopakSama ahetuka (nirhetuka) nahIM hai| ___ jaise unmatta karane vAle madya, bhAMga Adi ke rasa kI zakti kA vighAtaka dahI Adi koI pratipakSI padArtha hai, usI prakAra jIva ke vyAmoha kA hetu hone se darzana mohanIya karma kA bhI koI pratipakSI vizeSa avazya hai||10||
Page #49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 36 yo jIvavyAmohahetustasya pratipakSavizeSosti yathonmattakarasAdeH / tathA ca darzanamoha iti na tasya pratipakSavizeSasya sNpttirsiddhaa|| sa ca dravyaM bhavet kSetraM kAlo bhAvopi vAMginAm / mohahetusapatnatvAdviSAdipratipakSavat // 11 // . ___ mohahetorhi dehinAM viSAdeH pratipakSo baMdhyakarkoTyAdi dravyaM pratIyate, tathA devatAyatanAdi kSetraM, kAlazca muhUrtAdiH, bhAvazca dhyAnavizeSAdistadvaddarzanamohasyApi sapatno jineMdrabiMbAdi dravyaM, samavazaraNAdi kSetraM, kAlazcArdhapudgalaparivartanavizeSAdi vazcAdha:pravRttikaraNAdiriti nishciiyte| tadabhAve tadupazamAdi pratipatteH, anyathA tdbhaavaat|| tatsaMpatsaMbhavo yeSAM te prtyaasnnmuktyH| bhavyAstataH pareSAM tu tatsaMpattirna jAtucit // 12 // pratyAsannamuktInAmeva bhavyAnAM darzanamohapratipakSaH saMpadyate nAnyeSAM kdaacitkaarnnaasnnidhaanaat| iti jo padArtha jIva ko vyAmoha karane meM kAraNa hotA hai, usakA pratipakSI vizeSa padArtha avazya hotA hai, jaise jIva ko unmatta karane vAle dhatUre Adi rasa kA pratipakSI dahI Adi hotA hai; usI prakAra darzana moha bhI jIva ke vyAmoha kA kAraNa hai ata: usake pratipakSI vizeSa sampatti kI asiddhi nahIM hai| ___ jaise viSa Adi ke pratipakSI dravya kSetra kAla bhAva ke milane para viSAdi naSTa ho jAte haiM vaise hI moha ke kAraNoM ke pratipakSI prANiyoM ke viziSTa dravya kSetra kAla bhAva haiM // 11 // jaise saMsArI prANiyoM ke moha (behozI) kA hetu viSa Adi kA pratipakSI bandhya (viSazakti kI ghAtaka auSadhi), karkoTI (vizeSa viSanAzaka jar3I-bUTI) dravya pratIta hotA hai| devatA kA Ayatana, maMtrazAlA Adi kSetra hai; muhUrta Adi kAla hai aura dhyAna vizeSa Adi bhAva hai (arthAt dhyAna pUjA Adi karane se viSa naSTa ho jAtA hai) usI prakAra darzana mohanIya karma kI zakti kA ghAtaka pratipakSI dravya to jinapratimA, jina-mandira, digambara guru Adi haiN| kSetra samavasaraNa siddhakSetra Adi haiM, kAla ardhapudgala parivartana vizeSa hai aura bhAva adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa, anivRtti karaNa Adi pariNAma vizeSa haiM, aisA nizcaya karanA caahie| ina kAraNoM se darzanamohanIya kA abhAva hone para hI usake (darzana mohanIya ke) upazamaAdi kI pratipatti hotI hai, dUsare kAraNoM se upazama Adi nahIM hote haiN| arthAt jinabimbadarzana, dharmazravaNa, jAtismaraNa, vedanAnubhava Adi bAhya kAraNoM ke aura adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNAdi aMtaraMga kAraNoM ke milane para darzanamoha kA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama hotA hai| bhavya, abhavya evaM dUrabhavya jina jIvoM ke darzana moha ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama kI prApti saMbhava hai ve bhavya haiM aura unako mokSa honA ati nikaTa hai| aura jinake mohakarma ke upazama Adi honA kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai ve abhavya haiN| arthAt bhavya ke hI darzana moha kA upazama Adi hotA hai unase para abhavyoM ke darzana moha kA upazama Adi saMbhava nahIM hai||12|| __ nikaTa mukti vAle bhavyoM ko hI darzanamoha kI pratipakSa (nAzaka) sAmagrI prApta hotI hai| nikaTa bhavya
Page #50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 37 yuktimAnAsannabhavyAdivibhAgaH saddarzanAdizaktyAtmakatvepi sarvasaMsAriNAm // samyagdarzanazaktehi bhedAbhAvepi dehinAm / saMbhavetarato bhedastadvyakteH kanakAzmavat // 13 // ___yathA kiMcitkanakAzmAdi saMbhavatkanakabhAvAbhivyaktikamacirAdeva pratIyate, aparaM ciratareNApi kAlena saMbhavatkanakabhAvAbhivyaktikamanyadasaMbhavatkanakabhAvAbhivyaktikaM zazvatkanakazaktyAtmakatvAvizeSepi saMbhAvyate tathA kazcit saMsArI saMbhavadAsannamuktirabhivyaktasamyagdarzanAdipariNAmaH, paronaMtenApi kAlena saMbhavadabhivyaktasaddarzanAdiranyaH zazvadasaMbhavadabhivyaktasaddarzanAdistacchaktyAtmakatvAvizeSepi saMbhAvyate, iti nAsannabhavyadUrabhavyAbhavyavibhAgo virudhyate bAdhakAbhAvAtsukhAdivat / tatra pratyAsannaniSThasya bhavyasya se anya jIvoM ko darzanamoha kI nAzaka sAmagrI prApta nahIM hotI hai kyoMki unako kabhI bhI mohakarmake nAzaka kAraNoM kA sAnnidhya prApta nahIM ho sakatA arthAt darzanamoha kA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama nikaTa bhavya ko chor3akara aura kisI ke nahIM hotA ata: sAre saMsArI prANiyoM meM samyagdarzanAtmakatva hone kI zakti hone para bhI bhavya, dUrabhavya aura abhavya Adi kA vibhAga yuktisaMgata hI hai| sampUrNa prANiyoM meM samyagdarzana rUpa zakti kA bheda na hone para bhI usa zakti kI vyakti hone aura na hone kI apekSA bheda hai kanakapASANa ke samAna / jaise suvarNa pASANa meM sAmAnya suvarNa kI zakti hone para bhI suvarNa prakaTa hotA bhI hai nahIM bhI hotA hai, usI prakAra sabhI jIvoM meM samyagdarzana hone kI zakti hai parantu prakaTa hone kI apekSA bheda hai| kisI meM zakti prakaTa hotI hai kisI meM nhiiN||13|| - jaise kisI kanakapASANa meM vidyamAna (rahanevAlI) zakti kI zIghra hI kanaka bhAva se vyakti hotI pratIta hotI hai arthAt zIghra hI prayoga ke dvArA suvarNa paryAya pragaTa ho jAtI hai| kisI anya suvarNapASANa kI suvarNazakti bahuta kAla se suvarNarUpa paryAya se vyakta hotI hai tathA kisI pASANa meM suvarNa zaktyAtmaka svarUpa kI sAmAnya dazA hone para bhI suvarNa kI vyakti (pragaTatA) nahIM hotii| vaise hI koI saMsArI jIva to thor3e hI kAla meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa paryAya pragaTa karatA huA Asannamukta hotA hai| . _ dUsarA dUrabhavya ananta kAla meM samyagdarzanAdi guNoM ko paryAya rUpa se saMbhavataH pragaTa kara skegaa| koI zakti svarUpa kI apekSA avizeSatA hone se samyagdarzana Adi ko kabhI bhI pragaTa nahIM kara skegaa| arthAt usameM samyagdarzana pragaTa hone kI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM hai ata: jIvoM meM nikaTabhavyatA, dUrabhavyatA aura abhavyatA ina tInoM kA vibhAga karanA yuktisaMgata hai| sukhAdi ke samAna bAdhaka kAraNoM kA abhAva hone se viruddha nahIM hai| arthAt jaise chadmastha ke agocara rahane vAle sukha-duHkha, puNya-pApa kI sattA mAnane meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai, svayaM saMvedya hai aura bAdhaka pramANa na hone se sukha duHkha Adi mAne jAte haiM usI prakAra saMsArI jIvoM meM bhI atIndriya Asanna bhavyatva, dUra bhavyatva aura abhavyatva ko mAnane meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahI hai| ina tIna prakAra ke jIvoM meM Asanna bhavya ke darzana mohanIya kA upazama Adi antaraMga hetu ke hone para paropadeza ke binA utpanna hue tattvArtha jJAna se tattvArtha zraddhAna hotA hai usako nisargaja samyagdarzana aura
Page #51
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 38 darzanamohopazamAdau satyaMtaraMge hetau bahiraMgAdaparopadezAttattvArthajJAnAt paropadezApekSAcca prajAyamAnaM tattvArthazraddhAnaM nisargajamadhigamajaM ca pratyetavyam // kiM tattvaM nAma yenAryamANastattvArtha issyte| ityazeSavivAdAnAM nirAsAyAha sUtrakRt // jIvAjIvAsravabaMdhasaMvaranirjarAmokSAstattvam // 4 // ___ tattvasya hi saMkhyAyAM svarUpe ca pravAdino vipravadaMte tadvipratipattipratiSedhAya suutrmidmucyte| tatra jiivaadivcnaat| sapta jIvAdayastattvaM na prkRtyaadyo'pre| zraddhAnaviSayA jJeyA mumukSorniyamAdiha // 1 // tathA cAnaMtaparyAyaM dravyamekaM na sUcitam / tattvaM samAsato nApi tadanaMtaM prpNctH||2|| madhyamoktyApi tadvyAdibhedena bahudhA sthitam / nAtaH saptavidhA tattvAdvineyApekSitAtparam // 3 // ___ prakRtyAdayaH paMcaviMzatistattvamityAdisaMkhyAMtaranirAcikIrSayApi saMkSepatastAvadekaM dravyamanaMtaparyAya aMtaraMga kAraNa ke hone para bhI paropadeza kI apekSA se utpanna tattvArthajJAna se jo zraddhAna hotA hai usako adhigamaja samyagdarzana jAnanA caahie| arthAt dezanAlabdhi ke hone para jisako samyagdarzana svayameva ho jAtA hai, guru ko vizeSa samajhAne kA kleza nahI hotA vaha nisargaja hai aura jisako vizeSarUpa se samajhAne para hotA hai vaha adhigamaja hai| tattva kise kahate haiM, jisake dvArA nirNIta artha ko tattvArtha kahA jAtA hai ? isa prakAra pUchane vAle ke azeSa vivAdoM ko dUra karane ke lie umAsvAmI tattva kA pratipAdana karane ke lie sUtra kahate haiM - jIva ajIva Amrava baMdha saMvara nirjarA aura mokSa ye sAta tattva haiN||4|| kyoMki tattvoM kI saMkhyA meM aura tattva ke svarUpa meM pravAdI vivAda karate haiM ata: una vivAdoM kA pratiSedha (niSedha vA nirAkaraNa) karane ke lie yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM jIvAdi kA grahaNa hone se niyama se mumukSuoM ke jIvAdi sAta tattva hote haiN| anya prakRti Adi tattva nahIM haiM, aisA zraddhAna kA viSaya jAnanA caahie| vA aisA zraddhAna karanA caahie||1|| tathA isa sUtra meM saMkSepa se ananta paryAya vAlA dravya eka hI tattva hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahA tathA vistAra se dravya ananta haiM aisA kathana bhI nahIM kiyA aura na madhyama rIti se do Adi bhedoM se bahuta prakAra se sthita tattva kA varNana kiyA hai apitu ziSyoM ke Azaya kI apekSA se sAta prakAra ke tattvoM kA kathana kiyA hai arthAt vinIta ziSya ko mokSa ke lie sAta tattva hI apekSita haiM ata: jIvAdi saptavidha tattvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai||2-3|| sAMkhya matAvalambI kapila ne prakRti, mahAn , ahaMkAra, sparzana indriya, rasanA,ghrANa, cakSu, zrotra, mana, vacanazakti, hAtha, pA~va, gudAsthAna, jananendriya, zabdatanmAtrA, sparzatanmAtrA, rUpatanmAtrA, rasa tanmAtrA, gandha tanmAtrA, AkAza, vAyu, agni, jala, pRthvI aura puruSa ye 25 tattva mAne haiN| vaizeSika ne dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa Adi tattva mAne haiM, kisI ne pramANa prameya Adi 16 tattva mAne haiN| ata: prakRti Adi 25 tattva haiM, ityAdi saMkhyAntaroM ke nirAkaraNa karane kI icchA se saMkSepa se ananta paryAya vAlA dravya hI
Page #52
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 39 tattvamityekAdyanaMtavikalpopAyAdau tattvasya madhyamasthAnAzrayamapekSya vineyasya madhyamAbhidhAnaM sUreH saMkSepAbhidhAnaM sumedhasAmevAnugrahAdvistarAbhidhAne cireNApi pratipatterayogAt / sarvAnugrahAnupapattirityeke / te na sUtrakArAbhiprAyavidaH / saptAnAmeva jIvAdInAM padArthAnAM niyamena mumukSoH zraddheyatvajJApanArthatvAdupadezasya madhyamarucivineyAnurodhena tu saMkSepeNaikaM tattvaM prapaMcatazcAnaMtaM mA bhUt sUtrayitavyaM / madhyamoktyA tu vyAdibhedena bahuprakAraM kathanaM sUtrayitavyaM vizeSahetvabhAvAt / saptavidhatattvopadeze tu vizeSaheturavazyaM mumukSoH zraddhAtavyatvamabhyavApyeta paraiH / katham ? mokSastAvadvineyena shrddhaatvystdrthinaa| baMdhazca nAnyathA tasya tadarthitvaM ghaTAmaTet // 4 // Asravopi ca baMdhasya hetuH zraddhIyate na cet / kvAhetukasya baMdhasya kSayo mokSaH prasiddhyati // 5 // baMdhahetunirodhazca saMvaro nirjarA kssyH| pUrvopAttasya baMdhasya moksshetustdaashryH|| 6 // eka tattva hai| jIva ajIva ke bheda se do tattva haiM; artha, zabda aura jJAna rUpa se tIna tattva haiM- ityAdi / eka Adi ananta vikalpoM ke upAya kI Adi meM tattva ke madhyama sthAna ke Azraya kI apekSA karake ziSya ke lie AcArya sUri kA madhyama rUpa se kathana hai|kyoNki yadi atyanta saMkSepa se kathana kiyA jAve to sumedhasoM (vidvajjanoM) ko hI pratIti ho sakatI hai aura yadi ati vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA jAye to cirakAla taka bhI pratipatti nahIM ho sktii| 'zaMkA : sAta tattva kA kathana karane se sarva jIvoM kA anugraha nahIM hotaa| samAdhAna : aisA kahane vAle sUtrakAra ke abhiprAya ko nahIM jAnate haiN| AcArya kahate haiM :- jIvAdi sAta tattva ke zraddheyatva kA khyApana karane ke lie mumukSuoM ko madhyama rucivAle ziSya ke anurodha se saMkSepa se eka tattva kA aura vizeSa se ananta tattva kA sUtra meM kathana nahIM karanA to ThIka hai, parantu madhyama rIti se do tIna Adi bahuta prakAra se to tattvoM kA sUtra meM kathana kara sakate the kyoMki isameM vizeSa hetu kA abhAva hai| phira bhI umAsvAmI ne sAta hI tattva kahe haiN| ina sAta tattvoM ke kathana meM koI vizeSa hetu hai, kyoMki mumukSu ko ve sAta zraddhAna karane yogya haiM tathA anya pravAdiyoM ke dvArA bhI mAnya hai| zaMkA : ina sAta tattvoM ke kathana karane kA mukhya hetu kyA hai ? (madhyama rIti se kahanA yaha to mukhya hetu nahIM hai kyoMki madhyama rIti se to tIna cAra tattvoM kA bhI varNana kara sakate the) samAdhAna : mokSArthI ziSya ko sarvaprathama mokSa kA zraddhAna to avazya karanA cAhie aura baMdha kA bhI, kyoMki baMdha kA zraddhAna kiye binA usake mokSa kI abhilASA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatI arthAt jo jIva vartamAna meM apane ko ba~dhA huA nahIM mAnatA vaha ananta sukhavAlI mukti kA icchuka bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai||4|| yadi baMdha ke kAraNabhUta Asrava kA zraddhAna nahIM kiyA jAyegA to akAraNa hone vAle baMdha kA kSaya rUpa mokSa kaise siddha hogaa||5|| baMdha ke kAraNoM kA ruka jAnA saMvara tathA pUrva kAla meM ekatra hue baMdha kA kSaya honA nirjarA ye donoM mokSa ke kAraNa haiM, kyoMki mokSa saMvara aura nirjarA ke Azraya se hotA hai tathA baMdha aura mokSa ke dviSThatva
Page #53
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*40 jIvo'jIvazca baMdhazca dviSThatvAttatkSayasya ca / zraddheyo nAnyadAphalyAditi sUtrakRtAM matam // 7 // nanu ca puNyapApapadArthAvapi vaktavyau tayorbadhavyatvAdvaMdhaphalatvAdvA tadazraddhAne baMdhasya zraddhAnAnupapatterasaMbhavAdaphalatvAcceti kazcit / tadasadityAha;puNyapApapadArthoM tu bNdhaasrvviklpgau| zraddhAtavyau na bhedena saptabhyotiprasaMgataH // 8 // na hi puNyapApapadArthoM baMdhavyau jIvAjIvabaMdhavyavat, nApi baMdhaphalaM sukhduHkhaadynubhvnaatmknirjraavt| kiM tarhi? bNdhviklpau| puNyapApabaMdhabhedena baMdhasya dvividhopadezAt / taddhetutvAsravavikalpau vA suutritau| tato na saptabhyo jIvAdibhyo bhedena shrddhaatvyau| tathA tayoH shrddhaanetiprsNgaat| saMvaravikalpAnAM guptyAdInAM hone se (baMdha aura mokSa do ke saMyoga aura viyoga se hotA hai ataH dviSTha hai|) jIva aura ajIva bhI zraddhAna karane yogya haiM isalie jIva, ajIva, Asrava, baMdha ,saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ye sAta tattva mumukSu ke zraddhAna karane yogya haiN| ina sAta tattvoM se atirikta tattva niSphala hone se zraddhAna karane yogya nahIM haiM, aisA sUtrakAra kA mata hai||6-7|| koI zaMkAkAra kahatA hai ki puNya aura pApa meM baMdhavyatva (ba~dhane kI yogyatA) aura baMdha kA phalatva hone se sUtra meM puNya aura pApa padArtha kA bhI varNana karanA caahie| puNya-pApa kA zraddhAna nahIM karane para baMdha tattva ke zraddhAna kI anupapatti hogI, baMdha tattva kI asaMbhavatA hogI aura baMdha tattva kA phala bhI prApta nahIM hogaa| arthAt baMdha aura baMdha kA phala puNya-pApa rUpa hai ata: puNya-pApa ke zraddhAna ke binA baMdha kA aura baMdha ke phala kA bhI zraddhAna nahIM ho sakatA ata:sUtra meM puNya aura pApa kA kathana karanA caahie| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA asat, aprazaMsanIya hai kyoMki puNya aura pApa padArtha Asrava aura baMdha vikalpa gata haiM arthAt Asrava aura baMdha ke vikalpa ha ata: sAta tattva se adhika tattva kA prasaMga Ane se bheda rUpa zraddhAna karane yogya nahIM hai| tattva ke bhedoM kA zraddhAna karane para jIva-ajIva ke aneka bhedoM kA prasaMga hone se tattvoM kI saMkhyA kA nirNaya karanA kaThina ho jaayegaa||8|| kiMca jaise jIva (saMsArI) ajIva (pA~cavargaNArUpa pudgala) ba~dhane yogya hai vaise puNya aura pApa padArtha ba~dhane yogya nahIM haiN| arthAt puNya pApa rUpa vargaNA kA pRthak baMdha nahIM hotA, na pratikSaNa ba~dhane vAlI vargaNAoM meM puNya pApa rUpa bheda hai| ve to kaSAyoM kA nimitta pAkara puNya-pApa rUpa hotI haiN| tathA sukhaduHkhAdi anubhavAtmaka nirjarA ke samAna puNya-pApa baMdha kA phala bhI nahIM hai| arthAt sukha-duHkha Adi phala dekara karmoM kA jhar3a jAnA yahI baMdha kA phala hai, puNya-pApa baMdha kA phala nahIM hai| zaMkA : puNya-pApa kyA vastu hai ? uttara : puNya baMdha aura pApa baMdha ke bheda se baMdhatattva kA do prakAra kA kathana (upadeza) hone se puNya-pApa baMdha ke vikalpa haiN| athavA granthoM meM Asrava ke vikalpa rUpa se puNyapApa ko baMdha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai arthAt puNya aura pApa bandha aura Asrava ke vikalpa kahe gaye haiN| jIvAdi sAta tattvoM se bhinna (pRthak) zraddhAna karane yogya tattva nahIM kahA hai| ina donoM ko pRthak zraddhAna karane
Page #54
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 41 nirjarAvikalpayozca yathAkAlaupakramikAnubhavanayoH saMvaranirjarAbhyAM bhedena shrddhaatvytaanussNgaat| nanvevaM jIvAjIvAbhyAM bhedena nAsravAdayaH zraddheyAstadvikalpatvAt anyathAtiprasaMgAditi na codyaM, teSAM tadvikalpatvepi sArvakatvena bhidA shrddheytvopptteH| baMdho mokSastayorhetU jIvAjIvau tdaashryau| nanu sUtre SaDevaite vAcyAH sArvatvavAdinA // 9 // jIvAjIvau baMdhamokSau taddhetu ca tattvamiti sUtraM vaktavyaM sakalaprayojanArthasaMgrahAt, baMdhasya hi heturAsravo mokSasya heturdvivikalpaH saMvaranirjarAbhedAditi na kasyacidasaMgrahastattvasya mokSahetuvikalpayoH pRthagabhidhAne baMdhAsravavikalpayorapi puNyapApayoH pRthagabhidhAnaprasaMgAditi cet;satyaM kiM tvAmravasyaiva bNdhhetutvsNvide| mithyAdRgAdibhedasya vaco yuktaM parisphuTam // 10 // yogya tattva mAna lene para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| kyoMki inako bheda rUpa svIkAra karane para gupti, dharma, anuprekSA Adi saMvara ke vikalpoM kA aura yathAkAla savipAka aura aupakramika (avipAka) nirjarA ke vikalpoM kA saMvara-nirjarA se pRthak tattvarUpa se zraddhAna karane yogyapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| . arthAt jaise Asrava aura baMdha ke vikalpa puNya-pApa ko bhinna tattva mAna leM to saMvara ke gupti Adi bhedoM ko aura nirjarA ke bheda saMvipAka avipAka Adi ko bhI pRthak tattva mAnane kA prasaMga AtA hai| . zaMkA : yadi puNya-pApa ko pRthak mAnane se atiprasaMga AtA hai to jIva ajIva ke vikalpa hone se jIva ajIva se bhinna Asrava Adi ko bhI zraddheya tattva nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki Asrava Adi ko pRthak mAnane para bhI atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| samAdhAna : aisI zaMkA karanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki Asrava Adi ke jIva ajIva kA vikalpatva hone para bhI sarva jIvoM ke lie hita rUpa se (hitakArI hone se) bhinna rUpa se zraddheyatva kI utpatti hotI hai| arthAt yadyapi Asrava Adi jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya haiM tathApi inakA bheda rUpa kathana kiye binA sarva jIvoM kA hita nahIM ho sakatA isalie inakA pRthak kathana kiyA hai| zaMkAkAra kahatA hai ki baMdha, mokSa, baMdha kA kAraNa, mokSa kA kAraNa, tathA unake AdhArabhUta jIva aura ajIva sarva jIvoM kA anugraha karane vAle syAdvAdiyoM ko ina chaha tattvoM kA hI kathana karanA cAhie // 9 // jIva, ajIva, baMdha, mokSa, baMdha kA kAraNa, mokSa kA kAraNa ina chaha tattvoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA sUtra kahanA caahie| kyoMki aisA kahane para sakala prayojanIbhUta tattvoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| baMdha kA hetu Asrava hai, mokSa kA hetu saMvara aura nirjarA ke bheda se do vikalpa rUpa hai| ina chaha tattvoM meM kisI bhI tattva kA asaMgraha nahIM hai ata: mokSa hetu vikalpoM kA (saMvara-nirjarA kA) pRthak grahaNa karane para baMdha aura Asrava ke kAraNa puNya-pApa ke bhI pRthak kathana kA prasaMga AtA hai| samAdhAna : yadyapi tumhArA yaha kathana satya hai tathApi baMdha kA hetu Asrava hI hai, isa bAta kA jJAna karAne ke lie Asrava ke bheda mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga kA bhI tattva rUpa se svataMtra kathana karanA pdd'egaa| anyathA bandha kA hetu Asrava hI hai, aisA jAnanA kaThina hogaa||10||
Page #55
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 42 mokSasaMpAdike cokte samyak sNvrnirjre| ratnatrayAdRtenyasya mokSahetutvahAnaye // 11 // . tenAnAgatabaMdhasya hetudhvNsaadvimucyte| saMcitasya kSayAdveti mithyAvAdo niraakRtH|| 12 // saMcitasya svayaM nAzAdeSyabaMdhasya rodhakaH / ekaH kazcidanuSTheya ityeke tadasaMgatam // 13 // nirhetukasya nAzasya sarvathAnupapattitaH / kAryotpAdavadanyatra vinasA prinnaamtH|| 14 // yatazcAnAgatAghaughanirodhaH kriyte'munaa| tata eva kSayaH pUrvapApaughasyetyahetukaH // 15 // sannapyasau bhavatyeva mokSahetuH sa sNvrH| tayoranyatarasyApi vaikalye muktyyogtH|| 16 // etena saMcitAzeSakarmanAze vimucyte| bhaviSyatkarmasaMrodhApAyepIti nirAkRtam // 17 // saMvara aura nirjarA ko tattvoM meM lene kA hetu ___ mokSa ke sampAdaka samyak saMvara-nirjarA kA kathana karane para ratnatraya se bhinna anya kAraNoM ke mokSa ke hetutva kI hAni hotI hai arthAt mokSa ke hetu saMvara nirjarA hI haiM, samyagdarzana Adi nahIM aisA mAnanA pdd'egaa| isalie ratnatraya svarUpa saMvara aura nirjarA tattvoM kA svataMtra rUpa se kathana karanA ucita hI hai||11|| anAgata karmabaMdha ke hetu kA dhvaMsa ho jAne se aura saMcita karmoM kA kSaya ho jAne se mokSa hotA hai| isa prakAra mithyAvAdiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai(kyoMki mokSa aura baMdha ke hetuoM kA svataMtra kathana kiye . binA tattvoM kA bhAna nahIM hotA) isalie sAta tattvoM kA kathana kiyA hai||12|| - koI vAdI kahatA hai ki saMcita karmoM kA kSaya to svayaM ho jAtA hai ata: bhaviSya meM Ane vAle baMdha ke nirodhaka kisI eka mokSahetu kA anuSThAna karanA caahie| arthAt mokSahetu nAma ke tattva se eka hI saMvara tattva mAnanA cAhie, nirjarA tattva kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| AcArya kahate haiM aisA kahanA susaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki binA kAraNa saMcita karmoM kA svayaM nAza honA kisI prakAra se saMbhava nahIM hai, jaise kAryoM kA utpAda binA hetu nahIM hotA usI prakAra nAza bhI binA kAraNa nahIM hotaa| svabhAva se hone vAle pariNAmoM ke sivAya sabhI padArtha hetujanya haiN| ataH saMvara ke samAna nirjarA tattva ko bhI svIkAra karanA caahie| karmoM kA AnA ruka jAne para bhI purAtana karmoM kA nAza hue binA AtmA karma baMdhana rahita nahIM hotA hai ata: nirjarAtattva kA kathana paramAvazyaka hai // 13-14 // ____ jisa kAraNa (saMvara) se anAgata pApoM ke samUha kA nirodha hotA hai unhIM kAraNoM se saMcita pApoM ke samUha kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai, isalie pUrva pApoM ke samUha kA kSaya ahetuka hote hue bhI karmoM kA saMvara hetu hai, vaise hI kSaya bhI hetu hai arthAt jaise karmoM kA nirodha saMvara hetu hai vaise karmoM kA kSaya (nirjarA) bhI hetu hai| donoM (nirjarA aura saMvara) meM eka kI bhI vikalatA hone para mukti kI prApti nahIM ho sktii||1516|| jo kahate haiM ki bhaviSya kAla meM Ane vAle karmoM kA nirodha kiye binA hI saMcita karmoM kA kSaya ho jAne se mukti ho jAtI hai, unakA bhI isa sUtra se nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai| kyoMki jaise nirjarA mokSa kI hetu hai vaise hI saMvara bhI mokSa kA hetu hai||17||
Page #56
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 43 evaM prayojanApekSAvizeSAdAsravAdayaH / nirdizyate munIzena jIvAjIvAtmakA api|| 18 // baMdhamokSau taddhetU ca tattvamiti sUtraM vAcyaM jIvAjIvayorbaMdhamokSopAdAnahetutvAdAsravasya baMdhasahakArihetutvAt saMvaranirjarayormokSasahakArihetutvAt tAvatA sarvatattvasaMgrahAditi yepyAhustepyanenaiva niraakRtaaH| AsravAdInAM pRthagabhidhAne prayojanAbhidhAnAt, jIvAjIvayozcAnabhidhAne saugtaadimtvyvcchedaanupptteH|| jIvAdInAmiha jJeyaM lakSaNaM vakSyamANakam / tatpadAnAM niruktizca yathArthAnatilaMghanAt // 19 // jIvasya upayogalakSaNaH, sAmarthyAdajIvasyAnupayogaH, Asravasya kAyavAGmanaH karmAtmako yogaH, pRthak-pRthak sAta tattvoM kA aucitya isa prakAra jIva aura ajIva svarUpa do tattva hote hue bhI prayojana kI apekSA vizeSa se munIza ne Asrava Adi kA nirdeza kiyA hai arthAt yadyapi Asrava Adi tattva jIva aura ajIva ke hI bheda (paryAya) haiM tathApi mokSa kA prakaraNa hone se unakA pRthak kathana kiyA hai|||18|| ___"baMdha mokSau taddhetU ca tattvaM' baMdha, mokSa aura baMdha-mokSa ke hetu hI tattva haiM, aisI sUtra kI racanA karanI thI kyoMki baMdha aura mokSa kA upAdAna hetu hone se jIva aura ajIva kA baMdha-mokSa meM,baMdha kA sahakArI hone se Asrava kA baMdha kAraNa meM aura mokSa ke sahakArI hetu hone se saMvara nirjarA kA mokSa ke kAraNoM meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai ata: sarva tattvoM kA saMgraha ho jAne se "baMdha mokSau taddhetU ca tattvaM' aisA sUtra kahanA cAhie / jo aisA kahatA hai unakA bhI isa sUtra se nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai| Asrava Adi ke pRthak kathana karane kA vizeSa prayojana hai- kyoMki jIva aura ajIva kA pRthak kathana na karane se saugata-bauddha, cArvAka Adi ke mata kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotA hai (ve jIva tattva ko svataMtra nahIM mAnate haiN|) arthAt cArvAka jIva ko svataMtra nahIM mAnatA, cAra bhUta (pRthvI jala agni vAyu) se utpanna huA mAnatA hai| brahmAdvaita ajIva ko nahIM mAnatA, vaha sarva saMsAra ko brahmamaya mAnatA hai| jaba jIva ajIva nahIM haiM to baMdha mokSa Adi bhI nahIM haiN| bauddha baMdha ke hetu avidyA aura tRSNA ko mAnatA hai jIva kA astitva nahIM mAnatA ataH saba kI mithyA bhrAntiyoM kA khaNDana karane ke lie sAta tattvoM kA varNana kiyA hai| yahA~ jIvAdi tattvoM kA nirdoSa lakSaNa Age kahe jAne vAlA jAnanA caahie| arthAt jIvAdi tattvoM kA lakSaNa AcArya svayaM Age ke sUtroM meM kaheMge, vahA~ se jAnanA caahie| tathA jIvAdi padoM (padArthoM) kA yathArtha kA (vAstavika artha kA) ullaMghana na karake nirukti (zabdoM kI vyutpatti) bhI samajhanA caahie||19|| (mile hue padArthoM ko pRthak karanevAle hetu ko lakSaNa kahate haiN|) 6. jIva kA lakSaNa hai upyog| jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga kara dene para binA kahe hI prakaraNa ke sAmarthya se ajIva kA lakSaNa anupayoga siddha hotA hai| arthAt jisameM jJAna darzana kI zaktiM aura vyakti pAyI jAtI hai vaha jIva hai, aura jisameM jJAna darzana zakti nahIM hai vaha ajIva hai| Asrava kA lakSaNa hai zarIra, vacana aura mana ke dvArA utpanna AtmA ke pradezoM kA parispandana rUpa yog|
Page #57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 44 baMdhasya karmayogyapudgalAdAnaM, saMvarasyAsravanirodhaH, nirjarAyAH kamaikadezavipramokSaH, mokSasya kRtsnakarmavipramokSa iti vakSyamANaM lakSaNaM jIvAdInAmiha yuktyAgamAviruddhamavaboddhavyaM / nirvacanaM ca jIvAdipadAnAM ythaarthaantikrmaat| tatra bhAvaprANadhAraNApekSAyAM jIvatyajIvIjIviSyatIti vA jIvaH, na jIvati nAjIvIt na jIviSyatItyajIvaH, AsravatyanenAsravaNamAtraM vAsravaH, badhyatenena baMdhamAnaM vA baMdhaH, saMviyatenena saMvaraNamAtraM vA saMvaraH, nirjIryatenayA nirjaraNamAtraM vA nirjarA, mokSyatenena mokSaNamAtraM vA mokSa, iti karaNabhAvApekSayA / / kramo hetuvizeSAtsyAd dvaMdvavRttAviti sthiteH| jIvaH pUrvaM vinirdissttstdrthtvaadvcovidheH|| 20 // tdupgrhhetutvaadjiivstdnNtrm| tadAzrayatvatastasmAdAsravaH parata: sthitaH // 21 // bNdhshcaanvkaarytvaattdnNtrmiiritH| tatpratidhvaMsahetutvAdajIvastadanaMtaram // 22 // saMvare sati saMbhUternirjarAyAstataH sthitiH| tasyAM mokSa iti proktastadanaMtarameva sH|| 23 // baMdha kA lakSaNa hai jJAnAvaraNAdi pudgala vargaNAoM ko grahaNa krnaa| Asrava kA nirodha karanA saMvara kA lakSaNa hai| ekadeza karmoM kA kSaya nirjarA hai aura sarva karmoM kA kSaya ho jAnA mokSa hai| isa prakAra Age kahe jAne vAle jIvAdi ke lakSaNa yahA~ yukti (anumAna) Agama se aviruddha nirdoSa haiM, aisA jAnanA cAhie tathA jIva ajIva Adi tattvoM kA nirvacana (vyAkaraNa dvArA prakRti pratyaya se) yathArtha (ArSa mArga) kA atikrama na karate hue jAnanA caahie| yahA~ jIvAdi zabdoM kA nirukti artha karate haiM, isameM caitanya, sattA svarUpa bhAva prANa dhAraNa karane kI apekSA se jo vartamAna meM jIvita hai, bhUtakAla meM jIvita thA aura bhaviSyat kAla meM bhI jIvita rahegA vaha jIva kahalAtA hai| isake viparIta jo vartamAna meM caitanya bhAva prANa se yukta nahIM hai ,bhUtakAla meM prANadhAraka nahIM thA aura bhaviSya meM bhAvaprANoM se jIvita nahIM rahegA vaha ajIva hai| jisake dvArA karma Ate haiM yA karmoM kA AnA mAtra Asrava hai| jisase karma baMdhate haiM vA karmoM kA ba~dhanA mAtra baMdha hai| jisase karmoM kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai vA nirodha karanA mAtra hai vaha saMvara hai| jisase karma jhar3ate haiM vA karmoM kA jhar3anA mAtra nirjarA hai| jisase karmoM kA uccheda kiyA jAtA hai vA uccheda honA mAtra mokSa hai| isa prakAra karaNa sAdhana aura bhAva sAdhana ke dvArA jIva Adi tattvoM ke zabdoM kI vyutpatti se nirukti (zabdArtha) kahI hai| isa sUtra meM jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA itaretara dvandva samAsa karane para krama hetu vizeSa se jIva kA pUrva meM nirdeza (kathana) kiyA hai kyoMki sampUrNa vacanoM kI yA mokSamArga ke upadeza Adi ke prayatna kI pravRtti jIva ke lie hI kI jAtI hai||20|| jIva ke zarIra, vacana Adi ke dvArA usake upakAra kA hetu hone se vA jIva kA anugraha karane vAlA hone se jIva ke anantara ajIva kA grahaNa kiyA hai| jIva aura ajIva (pudgala) donoM ke Azraya hone se donoM ke samIpa Asrava ko sthAna diyA hai| Asrava kA kArya hone se baMdha ko Asrava ke bAda grahaNa kiyA hai| Asrava aura baMdha ke pratidhvaMsa (nAza) kA kAraNa hone se Asrava aura baMdha ke anantara saMvara kA kathana kiyA hai| saMvara hone para hI nirjarA hotI hai isalie saMvara ke nikaTa nirjarA kA kathana kiyA hai| nirjarA ke hone para hI mokSa hotA hai isalie nirjarA ke anantara mokSa kA nirdeza kiyA hai|||21-22-23||
Page #58
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 45 jIvAdipadAnAM dvaMdvavRttau yathoktaH kramo hetuvizeSamapekSate'nyathA tnniymaayogaat| tatra jIvasyAdau vacanaM tattvopadezasya jiivaarthtvaat| pradhAnArthastattvopadeza ityayuktaM, tasyAcetanatvAt tattvopadezenAnugrahAsaMbhavAt ghttaadivt| saMtAnArthaH sa ityapyasAraM, tasyAvastutvena tdnugraahytvaayogaat| niranvayakSaNikacittArthastattvopadeza ityapyasaMbhAvyaM, tasya sarvathA prtipaadytvaanupptteH| saMketagrahaNavyavahArakAlAnvayinaH pratipAdyatvapratIteH / caitanyaviziSTakAryArthastattvopadeza iti cet, taccaitanyaM kAyAttattvAMtaramatattvAMtaraM vA ? prathamapakSe siddhasAdhyatA, baMdhaM pratyekatAmApannayo: kAyacaitanyayorvyavahAranayAjjIvavyapadezasiddheH / nizcayanayAttu caitanyArtha eva tattvopadezaH, jIvAdi tattvoM kA dvandva samAsa karane para zAstra meM yathokta krama hetu vizeSa kI apekSA rahatI hai| yadi isa krama meM hetu vizeSa kI apekSA na mAnI jAya to jIva Adi ke rakhane ke niyama kA ayoga AtA hai arthAt inakA icchAnusAra nyAsa kiyA jA skegaa| jIva ajIva Adi ke rakhane ke krama kA niyama nahIM rhegaa| isa sUtra meM sAta tattvoM meM sarvaprathama jIva ko grahaNa kiyA hai kyoMki tattva kA upadeza jIva ke lie hI upayogI hai| arthAt tattvoM ke kahane kA, sunane kA, pAlana karane aura svAmitva kA adhikAra jIva ko hI hai| tattvoM kA upadeza AtmA ke lie nahIM hai apitu sattva raja aura tamorUpa vAle pradhAna (prakRti) ke lie hai aisA (kapila kA) kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki pradhAna ke acetanatva hone se tattvopadeza ke dvArA anugraha karanA saMbhava nahIM hai ghaTAdika ke samAna / jaise acetana hone se ghaTa-paTa Adi kA tattvopadeza ke dvArA anugraha (upakAra) nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, usI prakAra pradhAna acetana hai usake lie bhI tattvopadeza upakAraka nahIM hai| tattvopadeza kSaNika citta santAna ke lie upayogI hai aisA kathana bhI sAra rahita hai kyoMki citta santAna ke avAstavikatA hai aura avAstava hone se usake anugraha kA ayoga hai arthAt jo vAstava santAna nahIM hai vaha upadeza ke dvArA anugraha karane yogya nahIM hai| niranvaya (kSaNa-kSaNa meM naSTa hone vAle) kSaNika citta ke lie tattva kA upadeza diyA jAtA hai, aisA bhI kahanA asaMbhAvya hai (saMbhava nahIM hai) eka kSaNa rahane vAle usa kSaNika citta ke pratipAdyatva (zrotApanA) kI anupapatti (abhAva) hai kyoMki jo zrotA saMketa kAla se lekara vyavahAra kAlataka anvaya rUpa se vidyamAna rahatA hai usI ke pratipAdyatva (jJAtApane) kI pratIti hotI hai| - caitanya viziSTa (sahita) kAya ke lie tattvopadeza hotA hai, aisA kahate ho to zarIra sahita caitanya zarIra bhinna svataMtra tattva hai yA zarIra rUpa hI hai? yadi prathama pakSa zarIra se caitanya bhinna svataMtra tattva hai, aisA mAnate ho to siddha sAdhyatA hai arthAt caitanya ke lie hI tattvopadeza siddha hotA hai| ___baMdha ke prati ekatva hone se vyahAra naya se zarIra aura caitanya donoM meM jIva vyapadeza hotA hai| caitanya ke sAtha ekakSetrAvagAhI hone se zarIra ko bhI 'jIva' aisA vyavahAra naya se kaha diyA jAtA hai| ata: nizcaya naya se cetana jIva ke lie hI tattvopadeza kahA jAtA hai| caitanya zUnya kAya ke lie tattvopadeza ghaTita nahIM 1. bauddha kA kathana hai|
Page #59
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 46 caitanyazUnyasya kAyasya tdrthtvaaghttnaat| dvitIyapakSe tu kAyAnAMtarabhUtasya caitanyasya kAyatvAtkAya eva tattvopadezenAnugRhyata ityApannaM, tccaayuktmtiprsNgaat| tato jIvArtha eva tattvopadeza iti nAsiddho hetuH| jIvAdanaMtaramajIvasyAbhidhAnaM tdupgrhhetutvaat| dharmAdharmAkAzapudgalAdyajIvavizeSA asAdhAraNagatisthityavagAhavartanAdizarIrAdyupagrahahetavo - vakSyate / dravyAsravasyAjIvavizeSapudgalAtmakakarmAsravatvAdajIvAnaMtaramabhidhAnaM, bhAvAsravasya jIvAjIvAzrayatvAdvA tadubhayAnaMtaraM / satyAsave baMdhasyotpattestadanantaraM tadvacanaM, AsravabaMdhapratidhvaMsahetutvAt saMvarasya tatsamIpe grahaNaM, sati saMvare paramanirjaropapattestadaMtike nirjarAvacanaM, satyAM nirjarAyAM mokSasya ghaTanAttadanaMtaramupAdAnaM / hotA / arthAt zarIra sahita saMsArI prANI tattvopadeza sunane kA pAtra haiM caitanyazUnya kAya nhiiN| dvitIya pakSa meM yadi kAya se abhinna caitanya kA kAyatva hone se caitanya hI kAya rUpa ho gayA aura kAya ko tattva ke upadeza se anugraha kiyA jaayegaa| arthAt AtmA kAya hone se kAya ko hI tattvopadeza se anugraha kA prasaMga aayegaa| acetana kAya kA anugraha karane ke lie tattvopadeza denA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAta acetanatva sAmAnya hone se ghaTa paTa Adi acetana padArthoM ko bhI tattvopadeza se anugraha karane kA prasaMga AyegA isalie tattvopadeza ke dvArA jIva kA hI anugraha kiyA jAtA hai, jIva ke lie hI tattvopadeza diyA jAtA hai, yaha hetu asiddha bhI nahIM hai| __ cetana jIva ke upagraha kA hetu hone se jIva ke anantara ajIva tattva kA kathana kiyA hai| arthAta jIva ke avyavahita ajIva kA kathana upakArya-upakAraka bhAva saMbaMdha kA prayojaka hai| arja vizeSa bheda pA~ca haiM dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgl| dharma dravya kA asAdhAraNa upakAra hai jIva aura pudgala ke gamana meM sahAyatA, adharma kA Thaharane meM sahAyakatva, AkAza kA avagAhana denA, kAla parivartana karAne meM aura pudgala jIva ke zarIra kI racanA Adi meM kAraNa banatA hai| inakA varNana Age pA~caveM adhyAya meM kreNge| ajIva vizeSa pudgalAtmaka karma Asravatva hone se dravyAsrava kA ajIva ke anantara kathana kiyA hai arthAt dravyAsrava pudgalAtmaka hai| athavA mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya, yoga ye bhAvAsrava haiM aura bhAva Amrava jIva aura ajIva ina donoM ke Azraya se hotA hai ataH jIva aura ajIva donoM ke anantara Asrava kA kathana kiyA hai| arthAt jIvAjIva Azraya haiM aura Asrava AzrayI hai| Asrava ke hone para hI baMdha kI utpatti hotI hai ata: Asrava ke anantara baMdha ko grahaNa kiyA hai| Asrava aura baMdha meM kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA saMbaMdha hai| arthAt Asrava kAraNa hai aura baMdha usakA kArya hai / Asrava aura baMdha ke pratidhvaMsa (nAza) kA kAraNa hone se inake samIpa meM saMvara tattva ko grahaNa kiyA hai| arthAt Asrava aura baMdha ke nirodha kA kAraNa hone se saMvara ko baMdha ke bAda grahaNa kiyA hai| saMvara ke hone para hI nirjarA hotI hai isalie saMvara ke anantara nirjarA kA kathana kiyA hai| nirjarA ke hone para hI mokSa ghaTita ho sakatA hai ata: nirjarA ke anantara mokSa kA grahaNa hai| ina
Page #60
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 47 mokSaparamanirjarayoravizeSa iti cetasi mA kRthAH , paramanirjaraNasyAyogakevalicaramasamayavartitvAttadanaMtarasamayavartitvAcca mokSasya / ya evAtmana: karmabaMdhavinAzasya kAlaH sa eva kevalatvAkhyamokSotpAdasyeti cet na, tasyAyogakevalicaramasamayatvavirodhAt pUrvasya samayasyaiva tathAtvApatteH / tasyApi mokSatve tatpUrvasamayasyeti satyayogakevalicaramasamayo vyavatiSTheta / na ca tasyaiva mokSatve atItaguNasthAnatvaM mokSasya yujyate cturdshgunnsthaanaant:paatitvaanussNgaat| lokAgrasthAnasamayavartino mokSasyAtItaguNasthAnatvaM yuktameveti cet, paramanirjarAtonyatvamapi tasyAstu nizcayanayAdasyaiva moksstvvyvsthaanaat| tata: sUkto jIvAdInAM kramo hetuvishessH|| kiM punastattvamityAha;tasya bhAvo bhavettattvaM sAmAnyAdekameva tat / tatsamAnAzrayatvena jIvAdInAM bahutvavAk // 24 // bhAvasya tadvato bhedAt kathaMcinna virudhyte| vyaktInAM ca bahutvasya khyApanArthatvataH sadA // 25 // donoM meM kArya-kAraNa kI pratyAsatti hai| arthAt saMvara aura nirjarA kAraNa haiM aura mokSa kArya hai ata: saMvara, nirjarA aura anta meM mokSa kA kathana kiyA hai| citta meM isa prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie ki mokSa tathA parama nirjarA meM koI vizeSatA (bheda) nahIM hai, donoM eka haiN| kyoMki ayoga kevalI nAma caudahaveM guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM parama nirjarA hotI hai tathA usake anantara samaya meM mokSa hotA hai| arthAt nirjarA kAraNa hai aura mokSa kArya hai vA nirjarA guNasthAna meM hotI hai aura mokSa guNasthAnAtIta hai| ata: donoM meM bheda hai| nirjarA aura mokSa donoM eka nahIM ho skte| zaMkA : jo kAla AtmA ke karmavinAza kA hai vahI samaya kevalatva nAmaka mokSa ke utpAda kA haiN| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para karmanirjarA kA ayoga kevalI ke carama samaya meM rahane kA virodha AtA hai| yadi upAMtya samaya meM hone vAlI parama nirjarA ko mokSa kahA jAyegA to usase bhI pahale samaya meM parama nirjarA kahanI pdd'egii| isa prakAra dvicarama, tricarama Adi samayoM meM mokSa hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| mokSa kI koI vyavasthA nahIM bnegii| ata: ayoga kevalI kA carama samaya hI parama nirjarA kA kAla hai aura usake pIche kA samaya mokSa kA kAla hai| ayoga kevalI ke anta samaya meM mokSatva mAna lene para mokSa kA atIta guNasthAnatva ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| mokSa kA caudahaveM guNasthAna ke bhItara rahane kA prasaMga aayegaa| parantu mokSa guNasthAnAtIta hotA hai| . yadi kaho ki loka ke agrasthAna samayavartI mokSa ke atIta guNasthAnatva kahanA hI yukta hai to parama nirjarA se mokSa kA anyatva siddha ho gyaa| tathA nizcaya naya se loka ke agrabhAga meM sthita honA hI usake mokSatva kI vyavasthA hai ata: parama nirjarA se mokSa tattva bhinna hai| isalie jIvAdi sAta tattvoM ke kathana kA krama hetuvizeSa kI apekSA se hai, aisA kahanA ucita hI hai| tattva kise kahate haiM ? vA tattva kyA vastu hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM- "sarva padArthoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se rahane vAlA sarvanAma meM tat' zabda kahA gayA hai| usa 'tat' zabda kA jo bhAva hai pariNamana hai vaha tattva' kahalAtA hai| sAmAnya kI apekSA tattva eka hI hai (arthAt vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se bhAva ko ekavacana rUpa hI mAnA gayA hai ata: tattva zabda ekavacana aura napuMsaka liMga hai|) parantu tata sAmAnya ke Azrita hone se jIvAdika ke bahavacanatva kahA gayA hai| arthAta tattvaM eka vacana aura jIvAdi ko bahuvacana kahA gayA hai| bhAva aura bhAvavAna meM kathaJcit bheda mAnanA viruddha bhI nahIM hai| isalie vyaktiyoM ke bahutva ko prasiddha karane ke lie samAsAnta mokSa pada ko bahuvacana kahA hai, kyoMki bhAva eka hote hue bhI vyaktiyA~ bahurUpa se sadA prasiddha haiN|||24-25 //
Page #61
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 48 tasya bhAvastattvamiti bhAvasAmAnyasyaikatvAtsamAnAdhikaraNatayA nirdizyamAnAnAM jIvAdInAM bahutvavacanaM virudhyata iti cet na, bhAvatadvatoH kathaMcidabhedAdekAnekayorapi sAmAnAdhikaraNyadarzanAt sadasatI tattvamiti jAterekatvavat sarvadA vyaktInAM bahutvakhyApanArthatvAcca tayorekavacanabahuvacanAvirodhaH prtyetvyH|| jIvatvaM tattvamityAdi prtyekmupvrnnyte| tatastenAryamANo'yaM tattvArthaH sakalo mtH|| 26 // ____tasya jIvasya bhAvo jIvatvaM, ajIvasya bhAvo ajIvatvaM, Asravasya bhAva AsravatvaM, baMdhasya bhAvo baMdhatvaM, saMvarasya bhAvaH saMvaratvaM, nirjarAyA bhAvo nirjarAtvaM, mokSasya bhAvo mokSatvaM / tattvamiti pratyeka-mupavarNyate, sAmAnyacodanAnAM vishessessvvsthaanprsiddheH| tathA ca jIvatvAdinA tattvenAryata iti tattvArtho jIvAdiH sakalo mataH shrddhaanvissyH|| jIva evAtra tattvArtha iti kecitprcksste| tadayuktamajIvasyAbhAve tatsiddhyayogataH // 27 // zaMkA : usa padArtha kA bhAva tattva hai aisA kahane para bhAva sAmAnya kA ekArtha pratipAdakapanA hone se samAnAdhikaraNatA se kahe gaye jIvAdika ke bahuvacanatva viruddha hotA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA . yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki bhAva aura bhAvavAna meM kathaMcit abheda hone se eka aura aneka meM samAnAdhikaraNa dekhA jAtA hai| jaise jAti ke ekatva ke samAna sat aura asat (sdstii)| bhAva aura abhAva do tattva haiM aisA do vacanAnta kahA jAtA hai| arthAt vidheya tattva meM eka vacana aura uddezya meM "sadasatI" dvivacanAnta kahA jAtA hai| sadasatItattvaM tathA jaise ghor3A Adi jAti ko khyApana karane ke lie bahuvacana bhI kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra vyaktiyoM ke bahutva ko prakaTa karane ke lie bhAva aura bhAvavAna meM ekavacana aura bahuvacana hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| jo padArtha jisa svarUpa se avasthita hai usakA usI rUpa honA hI tattva kahalAtA hai| jIva kA jaisA dravya paryAyamaya svarUpa hai vaha jIvatva kahalAtA hai| jaise jIva kA bhAva jIvatva hai, ajIva Asrava Adi kA bhI bhAva ajIvatva hai ata: jIvatva ke samAna tattva zabda kA ajIva Adi pratyeka ke sAtha kathana karanA cAhie jaise jIvatva, ajIvatva ityaadi| isalie usa tattva ke dvArA aryamANa (nizcita kiye hue) hone se sAtoM hI tattvArtha kahalAte haiM // 26 // usa jIva kA bhAva jIvatva, ajIva kA bhAva ajIvatva, Asrava kA bhAva Asravatva, baMdha kA bhAva baMdhatva, saMvara kA bhAva saMvaratva, nirjarA kA bhAva nirjaratva aura mokSa kA bhAva mokSatva hai| isa prakAra tattva zabda kA prayoga sabake sAtha kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki sAmAnya ke lie prayukta vAkyoM kI vizeSoM meM bhI avasthAna kI prasiddhi hai arthAt sAmAnya kA kathana vizeSa meM bhI rahatA hai| isalie jIvAditattvoM ke dvArA jinakA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai, nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, ve sarva tattvArtha haiM arthAt jo tattva ke dvArA gamya hai vaha tattvArtha hai| vaha sakala tattvArtha zraddhAna kA viSaya mAnA hai arthAt sAtoM hI padArtha samyagdRSTi jIva ke zraddhAna kA viSaya haiN| isa viSaya meM koI vAdI akele jIva ko hI tattvArtha mAnate haiM parantu yaha kathana ayukta hai kyoMki ajIva ke abhAva meM jIva kI siddhi kA ayoga ha arthAt ajIva ke astitva ke abhAva meM usa jIva kI
Page #62
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 49 parArthA jIvasiddhirhi teSAM syaadvcnaatmikaa| ajIvo vacanaM tasya nAnyathAnyena vedanam // 28 // astyajIvaH praarthjiivsaadhnaanythaanupptteH| parArthajIvasAdhanaM ca syAdajIvazca na syAditi na zaMkanIya,tasya vacanAtmakatvAdvacanasyAjIvatvAt jIvatve pareNa sNvednaanupptteH| svArthasyaiva jIvasAdhanasya bhAvAt parArthaM jIvasAdhanamasiddhamiti cet, kathaM pareSAM tattvapratyAyanaM ? tadabhAve kathaM kecitpratipAdakAstattvasya pare pratipAdyAsteSAmiti pratIti: syaat|| na jIvA bahavaH saMti prtipaadyprtipaadkaaH| bhrAMteranyatra mAyAdidRSTajIvavadityasat // 29 // eka eva hi paramAtmA pratipAdyapratipAdakarUpatayAneko vA pratibhAsate anaadyvidyaaprbhaavaat| na punarbahavo siddhi bhI nahIM hotI kyoMki una brahmasvarUpa jIva kI siddhi karane vAle brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM ke para ke lie (ziSya Adi ko samajhAkara) jIvAdi kI siddhi karane kA prayatna vacanAtmaka hai aura vacana ajIvAtmaka hai| usa amUrtika AtmA kA paudgalika vacanoM ke sivAya anya prANiyoM ko vedana karAnA saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt vacana uccAraNa ke binA dUsaroM ko AtmA kA jJAna karAyA nahIM jA sakatA tathA vacana ko jIvAtmaka mAnalene para dUsaroM ke dvArA usakA saMvedana nahIM ho sktaa||27-28|| __anumAna ke dvArA ajIva kI siddhi karate haiM "ajIva nAma kA padArtha hai"-kyoMki dUsare ke lie jIva kI siddhi ajIva ke binA nahIM ho sktii| dUsaroM ke lie jIva ke pratipAdana karane kA sAdhana (hetu) ajIva hai ki nahIM, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki dUsaroM ke lie jIva kI siddhi ke pratipAdana kA hetu vacana hai aura vacana ajIvAtmaka paudgalika hai, ataH parArtha jIva kA sAdhaka ajIva hai| brahmAdvaita kI siddhi ke lie vacana ko jIvatva svIkAra kara lene para (ziSya Adi ke dvArA) saMvedana (jIvatattva kA saMvedana jJAna) nahIM bana sktaa| kevala apane hI lie jIva svarUpa se jIva kI siddhi hotI rahegI arthAt anya jIva ke svarUpa kA anubhava, saMvedana anya jIva nahIM kara sktaa| dUsaroM ko AtmasvarUpa kA jJAna karAne ke lie vacanAtmaka paudgalika ajIva hI kAraNa hai| yadi kahA jAya ki dUsaroM ke lie jIva kA pratipAdana karanA hI asiddha hai to hama dUsaroM ko apane abhISTa tattva (brahmAdvaita) ke jJAna kA pratipAdana kaise kreNge| dUsare ko tattva kA vivecana karake kaise samajhAyeMge aura tattva ke pratipAdana ke abhAva meM koI tattva ke pratipAdaka haiM (guru ) aura dUsare pratipAdya (ziSya) haiM', isa prakAra kI pratIti una brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM ke kaise ghaTita hogii| __mAyAdi dRSTa jIva ke samAna bhrAMti ke sivAya pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka ke bheda se jIva bahuta prakAra ke nahIM hai| aisA advaitavAdiyoM kA kahanA asatya hai||29|| . - isI kA vistAra rUpa se kathana karate haiM - brahmAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai ki eka hI paramAtmA anAdi avidyA ke kAraNa pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka ke rUpa se (bheda se) aneka prakAra se pratibhAsita hotA hai vAstavika nhiiN| jaise mAyAjAla, svapna aura maMtra taMtra Adi ke dvArA eka hI vastu aneka prakAra kI dRSTi
Page #63
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *50 jIvAH saMti bhrAMteranyatra mAyAsvapnAdijIvavat teSAM paarmaarthiktaanupptteH| tthaahi| jIvabahutvapratyayo mithyA bahutvapratyayatvAt svapnAdidRSTajIvabahutvapratyayavaditi kazcit, tdnaalocitvcnm|| advayasyApi jIvasya vibhraaNttvaanussNgtH| eko'hamiti saMvitteH svapnAdau bhramadarzanAt // 30 // zakyaM hi vaktuM jIvaikatvapratyayo mithyA ekatvapratyayatvAt svpnaiktvprtyyvditi| ekatvapratyayazca syAnmithyA ca na syAdvirodhAbhAvAt / kasyacidekatvapratyayasya mithyAtvadarzanAt sarvasya mithyAtvasAdhanetiprasaMgAditi cet samAnamanyatra / / vyabhicAravinirmukteH saMvinmAtrasya srvdaa| na bhrAMtateti cetsiddhA nAnAsaMtAnasaMvidaH // 31 // gocara hotI hai parantu vaha vAstavika nahIM hai, bhrAMti hai; usI prakAra pratipAdya pratipAdaka ke rUpa se jIva bahuta se dRSTigocara hote haiM vaha bhrAMti hai, bhrAMti ko chor3akara pAramArthika kI anupapatti hone se jIva bahuta nahIM haiM, eka hI brahma rUpa hai ata: jIva meM bahutva kA jJAna mithyA hai, bahutva ko jAnane vAlA hone se, jaise svapna meM dekhe gaye bahuta se padArthoM kA, mAyAjAla se dikhAye gaye bahuta se padArthoM kA jJAna mithyA hai, kyoMki svapna meM vA mAyAjAla vidyA se eka hI padArtha bahuta rUpa se dikhatA hai, yaha mithyA bhrAMti hai vAstavika nahIM hai| usI prakAra avidyA se eka hI akhaNDa brahma anekarUpa dikha rahA hai, jIva aneka nahIM haiN| AcArya deva kahate haiM ki isa prakAra brahmAdvaita kA kathana ayogya hai, yukta nahIM hai, avicArita hai, nisattva asArabhUta hai, sAra rahita hai| yadi svapna Adi kA dRSTAnta dekara jIva ke nAnApane ke jJAna ko bhrAMta kahoge to jIva ke advaitapane ke jJAna meM bhI vibhrAMtatva kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki maiM eka hU~ , brahma eka hai isa prakAra ekatva ko jAnane vAle jJAna bhI svapna Adi avasthAoM meM bhramarUpa dekhe jAte haiN| arthAt svapna meM hone vAlA jJAna bhI jhUThA hotA hai||30|| anumAna se siddhi - kyoMki hama aisA bhI kaha sakate haiM ki jIva kA ekatva jJAna mithyA hai, ekatva kA pratyaya (jJAna) hone se, svapna meM hone vAle ekatva jJAna ke samAna / aisA anumAna se siddha kiyA jAtA hai| yadi kaho ki ekatva kA jJAna hotA hai, parantu vaha mithyA-bhrAMta nahIM hai, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki kisI ekatva pratyaya ke mithyAtva ko dekhakara sabhI ekatva jJAna ko mithyAtva bhrAMta siddha karane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai to yaha to anekatva jJAna meM bhI samAna hai arthAt svapna Adi jJAna ke anekatva ko bhrAMta dekhakara sabhI vastubhUta aneka padArthoM meM rahane vAle nAnApane ko yadi mithyA siddha kiyA jAyegA to atiprasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt sabhI avastu ho jaayeNge| isase siddha hotA hai ki ekatva rUpa aura anekatva rUpa hone vAle donoM hI jJAna abhrAnta satya haiN| anekAnta rUpa syAdvAda kathanoM meM virodha kA sthAna nahIM rahatA hai| brahmAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki vyabhicAra (nAnApanA vA ekapanA ke vizeSaNa) se rahita saMvinmAtra (kevala pratibhAsa mAtra) tattva meM koI bhrAMti nahIM hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to aneka santAnoM kA aneka saMvedana bhI siddha hotA hai|
Page #64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 51 yathaiva mama saMvittimAtraM satyaM vyavasthitam / svasaMvedanasaMvAdAttathAnyeSAmasaMzayam // 32 // __bahutvapratyayavadekatvapratyayopi mithyAstu tasya vyabhicAritvAt svpnaadivt| svasaMvinmAtrasya tu paramAtmano nirupAdheLabhicAravinirmuktatvAt sarvadA saMvAdAnna mithyAtvamiti vadatAM siddhAH svasaMvidAtmano naanaasNtaanaaH| svasyeva pareSAmapi sNvinmaatrsyaavybhicaaritvaat| tathAhi / nAnAsaMtAnasaMvidaH satyA:sarvadA vyabhicAravinirmuktatvAt svasaMvidAtmavaditi na mithyA pratipAdyapratipAdakA, yataH parArthaM jIvasAdhanamabhrAMtaM na siddhyet| anye tvatto na saMtIti svasya nirnniitybhaavtH| nAnye mattopi saMtIti vacane sarvazUnyatA // 33 // tsyaapynyairsNvittervishessaabhaavtonythaa| siddhaM tadava nAnAtvaM puMsAM satyasamAzrayam // 34 // . kyoMki jaise merA saMvitmAtra (pratyakSa anubhava hone se merA saMvedana) satyarUpa se vyavasthita hai vaisA anyajIvoM kA bhI svasaMvedana saMvAda se ni:saMzaya siddha hai arthAt jaisA eka vyakti ko apanA saMvedana hotA hai vaisA bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM ko apanA-apanA saMvedana hotA hai, yaha nirdhAMta hai satya hai||31-32|| __ advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki - bahutva ke jJAna ke samAna ekatva kA jJAna bhI mithyA hai, bhrAnta hai kyoMki svapna jJAna ke samAna usake bhI vyabhicAritva (bhrAntapanA) hai| nirupAdhi (jisameM aura bahutva kA pratibhAsa nahIM hai) avyabhicArI saMvimAtra (svasaMvedana) paramAtmA kA jJAna hI sarvadA saMvAda (pramANa yukta) hone se mithyA nahIM hai| (vahI saMvittimAtra jJAna hI pramANabhUta hai|) AcArya kahate haiM -aisA kahane vAle advaitavAdI 'ke bhI svasaMvidaAtmajJAna ke bhI nAnA saMtAna siddha hotI haiN| kyoMki jaise apane zuddha saMvadena meM vyabhicAra pratIta nahIM hotA hai vaise hI dUsaroM ko bhI apane svasaMvedana meM vyabhicAra nahIM hai| . tathAhi (anumAnadvArA siddha karate haiM) aneka jIvoM ko apane-apane anubhava meM Ane vAle aneka pratibhAsa vAstavika haiM, vyabhicAra (doSa) rahita hone se apane anubhava meM Ane vAle pratibhAsa ke smaan| arthAt jaise apane anubhava meM Ane vAlA pratibhAsa vAstavika hai vaise dUsaroM ke anubhava meM Ane vAle pratibhAsa. bhI vAstavika haiM ata: nAnAtmA siddha ho jAne se pratipAdya ziSya aura pratipAdaka guru (samajhAne vAlA) rUpa aneka AtmAyeM bhI mithyA nahIM haiM, vAstavika haiN| isalie parArtha jIva sAdhana (pratipAdaka ke dvArA pratipAdya ke lie jIva kI siddhi karanA) abhrAnta siddha nahIM hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai arthAt abhrAnta siddha hotA hI hai| ___ 'mere se bhinna anya koI AtmA nahIM hai' isa prakAra apane dvArA nirNIti kA abhAva hone se 'mere se bhinna anya koI nahIM haiM,' isa prakAra ke vacana meM bhI sarvazUnyatA kA prasaMga aayegaa| 'mere se bhinna saMsAra meM anya koI padArtha nahIM hai' aisA kahane para sarvazUnyatA kA prasaMga AtA hai kyoMki brahmAdvaitavAdI ajIva ko to mAnate hI nahIM aura jIva bhI eka hai, nAnA nahIM ata: jaisA tujha ko dUsare kA anubhava nahIM ho rahA hai vaise terA bhI anubhava dUsare ko nahIM hai isalie koI bhI vastu vAstavika nahIM rhegii| jaise tumako dUsare kI saMvitti nahIM hotI vaise dUsare ko terI saMvitti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki tere meM aura dUsaroM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAnoge to arthAt apanA astitva mAnoge taba to anya AtmAyeM bhI apaneapane astitva kA saMvedana kareMgI, vahI puruSa (AtmA) kA satya samAzraya vAstavika nAnApanA siddha kregaa||33-34||
Page #65
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 52 mattonyepi nirupAdhikaM svarUpamAtramavyabhicAri saMvidaMtIti nirNIterasaMbhavAt tatra pratyakSasyApravRtteravyabhicAriNo liMgasyAbhAvAdanumAnAnutthAnAditi vacane srvshuunytaapttiH| tvatsaMvidopi tathAnyairnizcetumazakteH sarvathA vizeSAbhAvAt / yadi punaraparairanizcayepi tathA svasaMvidaH svayaM nizcayAt satyatvasiddhistadA tvayA nizcetumazakyAnAmapi tathA parasaMvidAM satyatvasiddheH siddhaM puMsAM nAnAtvaM paarmaarthikm|| AtmAnaM saMvidaMtyanye na veti yadi sNshyH| tadA na puruSAdvaitanirNayo jAtu kasyacit // 35 // mattaH parepyAtmAnaH svasaMvidaMto na saMtyeveti nirNaye hi kasyacitpuruSAdvaite nirNayo yukto na punaH saMzaye tatrApi saMzayaprasaMgAt / "puruSa evedaM sarvaM' ityAgamAtpuruSAdvaitasiddhiriti cet "sNtynNtaajiivaa''ityaagmaanaanaajiivsiddhirstu| puruSAdvaitavidhisragAgamena prakAzanAt pratyakSasyApi vidhAtRtayA __ mere se bhinna jIvoM meM nirupAdhika avyabhicArI nirdoSa svarUpa mAtra kA saMvedana hotA hai, aise nirNaya kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt aisA nirNaya karanA asaMbhava hai ki mere se dUsare jIvoM ke svarUpa kA saMvedana hotA hai kyoMki dUsare ke saMvedana meM pratyakSa jJAna kI pravRtti kA to abhAva hai aura nirdoSa jJApaka hetu kA abhAva hone se anumAna jJAna se bhI dUsarI AtmA kA saMvedana nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| advaitavAdI ke aisA kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki tere isa kathana meM sarvazUnyatA kA prasaMga AtA hai| kyoMki terI AtmA meM aura dUsare kI AtmA meM sarvathA vizeSatA kA abhAva hone se jaise dUsare kI AtmA kA tujhe pratibhAsa nahIM ho rahA hai vaise tere saMvedana kA bhI dUsaroM ke dvArA nirNaya karanA azakya hogaa| yadi tuma kaho ki dUsaroM ke dvArA merI saMvitti kA nirNaya mata hovo parantu mujhe to merA saMvedana ho rahA hai, vaha satyasvarUpa hai to tere dvArA dUsare kA saMvedana zakya nahIM hai to bhI unako apanI-apanI caitanya AtmA kA saMvedana to ho rahA hai, vaha vAstavika hai, pramANabhUta hai| isalie AtmA kA nAnApanA (bhinna-bhinna AtmA kI siddhi) paramArthabhUta siddha hai| ___ yadi brahmAdvaitavAdI kahe ki mujhe to apanI AtmA kA pUrNa nirNaya hai ki maiM hI akelA brahma hU~, parantu anya prANI apanI-apanI AtmA kA saMvedana karate haiM athavA nahIM karate haiM isakA mujhe saMzaya hai, to AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to kisI eka vyakti ko puruSAdvaita kA nirNaya kabhI bhI nahIM ho sktaa| jaba anya AtmAoM kA nirNaya tuma nahIM kara sakate taba advaita brahma kA nizcaya kaise kara sakate ho arthAt nahIM kara skte||35|| kyoMki mere se bhinna apanA saMvedana karatI huI bhinna AtmAe~ jagat meM nahIM haiM aisA nirNaya hone para hI puruSAdvaita kA nirNaya ho sakatA hai| vA puruSAdvaita kA nirNaya karanA yuktisaMgata ho sakatA hai parantu anya AtmAoM kA saMzaya hone para puruSAdvaita kA nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA hai apitu usameM saMzaya kA hI prasaMga AtA hai| yadi kaho ki : "puruSa evedaM sarvaM' sArA jagat brahma svarUpa hai" isa prakAra Agama se puruSAdvaita kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt vedavAkya meM likhA hai ki eka brahma hI hai dUsarA kucha nahIM hai| to santyanantAjIvA: ananta jIva haiM, isa Agama vAkya se nAnA jIvA kI bhI siddhi hotI hai| isakA niSedha kaise ho sakatA hai|
Page #66
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *53 sthitasya tatraiva pravRttastena tasyAvirodhAt tataH puruSAdvaitanirNaya iti cet, nAnAtvAgamasyApi tenaavirodhaannaanaajiivnirnnyo'stu| tathAhi;AhurvidhAtRpratyakSaM na nisseddhvipshcitH| na nAnAtvAgamastena pratyakSeNa virudhyate // 36 // tenAniSedhate'nyasyAbhAvAbhAvAt kthNcn| saMzItigocaratvAdvAnyasyAbhAvAvinizcayAt // 37 // bhavatu nAma vidhAtRpratyakSamaniSeddha ca tathApi tena nAnAtvavidhAyino nAgamasya virodhaH saMbhavatyekatvavidhAyina iva vidhaayktvaavishessaat| kathamekatvamaniSedhatpratyakSaM nAnAtvamAtmano vidadhAtIti cet, nAnAtvamaniSedhadekatvaM kathaM vidadhIta? tasyaikatvavidhAnameva nAnAtvapratiSedhakatvamiti cet , naanaatvvidhaanmevaiktvnissedhnmstu| kiM punaH pratyakSamAtmano nAnAtvasya vidhAyakamiti cet tadekatvasya kiM? ___advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki - puruSAdvata kI vidhi ko sRjana karane vAle vedavAkyarUpa Agama se puruSAdvaita kA prakAzana hotA hai| vidhi (astitva) ko vidhAyaka rUpa se sthita pratyakSa jJAna kI bhI puruSAdvaita meM pravRtti hone se tathA puruSAdvaita hai' isa prakAra ke Agama kA avirodha hone se puruSAdvaita kA nirNaya hotA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra to nAnAtva ko siddha karane vAle Agama kA astitva aura pratyakSa jJAna kA avirodha hone se nAnA AtmAoM kA nirNaya bhI hotA hai| sohI kahA hai - yadi advaitavAdI paMDitoM ke kathanAnusAra pratyakSa puruSAdvaita ke astitva ko jAnatA hai nAstitva ko nahIM jAnatA hai, aisA mAna lene para bhI nAnAtva aneka AtmAoM ke astitva kA pratipAdana karane vAlA Agama usa pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA viruddha bAdhita nahIM hotaa||36|| ata: niSedha kA viSaya nahIM karane vAle pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA kisI bhI prakAra se anya padArthoM kA abhAva siddha nahIM ho sakatA tathA anya padArthoM ke abhAva kA nirNaya na hone se anya padArtha saMzaya kA viSaya hogaa| arthAt anya padArthoM ke astitva meM saMzaya ho sakatA hai, abhAva siddha nahIM ho sakatA // 37 // . tathA advaita vA jaiminImatAnusAra astitva kA vidhAyaka aura nAstitva ko nahIM jAnane vAlA pratyakSa jJAna hove to hove tathApi usa ekatva ke vidhAyaka, pratyakSa ke dvArA nAnAtva vidhAyaka Agama kA virodha saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki jaise pratyakSa ekatva ke astitva kA vidhAna (kathana) karane vAlA hai vaise anekatva kA bhI vidhAna karane vAlA hai| donoM pratyakSoM meM vidhAyakapane kI apekSA koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| prazna : ekatva kA niSedha nahIM karane vAlA pratyakSa AtmA ke nAnAtva kA dhAraNa karane vAlA (vidhAna karane vAlA) kaise ho sakatA hai ? uttara : yadi nAnAtva grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA to nAnAtva kA niSedha nahIM karane vAlA jJAna AtmA ke ekatva kA vidhAna kaise kara sakatA hai ? yadi kaho ki nAnAtva kA pratibaMdhakatva hI jJAna ke ekatva kA vidhAna hai, taba to hama bhI kaha sakate haiM ki nAnAtva kA vidhAna karanA hI ekatva kA niSedha hai| prazna : AtmA ke nAnAtva kA vidhAna karane vAlA kaunasA pratyakSa hai ? uttara : AcArya kahate haiMApake ekatva kA vidhAna karane vAlA kauna sA pratyakSa hai kyoMki hamAre indriyajanya pratyakSa, mAnasa pratyakSa aura svasaMvedana pratyakSa to eka hI AtmA hai, isa prakAra kA vidhAna karane meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki ina tInoM pratyakSoM kI nAnA AtmabhedoM meM pravatti hotI hai|
Page #67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 54 na hyasmadAdipratyakSamiMdriyajaM mAnasaM vA svasaMvedanameka evAtmA sarva iti vidhAtuM samartha nAnAtmabhedeSu tasya prvRtteH| yogipratyakSaM samarthamiti cet, puruSanAnAtvamapi vidhAtuM tadeva samarthamastu tatpUrvakAgamazcetyavirodhaH / svasaMvedanamevAsmadAdeH svaikatvasya vidhAyakamiti cet , tathAnyeSAM svaikatvasya tadeva vidhaaykmnumnytaa| kathaM ? yathaiva ca mamAdhyakSaM vidhAtR na niSedhR vaa| pratyakSatvAttathAnyeSAmanyathaitattathA kutH|| 38 // pareSAM pratyakSaM svasya vidhAyakaM parasya na niSedhakaM vA pratyakSatvAnmama prtykssvt| viparyayo vA atiprasaMgaviparyayAbhyAM pratyAtmasvasaMvedanasyaikatvavidhAyitvAsiddharAtmabahutvasiddhirAtmaikatvAsiddhirvA / na ca prazna : yogipratyakSa puruSAdvaita ko jAnane meM samartha hai uttara : aisA nahIM kaha sakate, yogi pratyakSa bhI nAnA puruSatva (AtmA) kA vidhAna karane meM samartha hai kyoMki yogipratyakSa ke dvArA hI Agama kA nirUpaNa hotA hai aura Agama meM nAnAtmAoM kA vidhAna hai| __anya vAdiyoM ne cAra prakAra kA pratyakSa mAnA hai indriya pratyakSa, mAnasa pratyakSa, svasaMvedana pratyakSa aura yogiprtykss| inameM indriya pratyakSa, mAnasa pratyakSa aura svasaMvedana pratyakSa se brahmAdvaita kI siddhi nahIM hotI kyoMki ina jJAna vAle to apanI AtmA kA bhinna-bhinna rUpa se anubhava kara rahe haiN| yogipratyakSa ke dvArA to Agama kA nirmANa hotA hai| Agama meM nAnAtmA kI siddhi hai ata: koI bhI pratyakSa AtmA ke anekapane ko siddha karane meM virodhI nahIM hai arthAt sarva pratyakSa AtmA kA anekapana hI siddha karate haiN| advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki - hamAre samAna saMsArI jIvoM kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa apanI AtmA ke ekatva kA vidhAna karane vAlA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to dUsare kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa apanI-apanI. AtmA ke ekatva kA vidhAna karane vAlA hai, aisA svIkAra karanA par3egA phira ekatva AtmA kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai ? arthAt nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki aneka kA samudAya hone se aneka AtmA kI siddhi hotI hai| jaisA merA pratyakSa mere astitva kA kathana karane vAlA hai, niSedha karane vAlA nahIM hai usI prakAra dUsaroM kA pratyakSa bhI pratyakSatva hone se dUsare kI AtmA ke astitva kA vidhAyaka hai, yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAya to 'pratyakSa apanA vidhAyaka hai' aisA kathana kaise ho sakatA hai, ata: sarva AtmAoM ke svasaMvadena apanIapanI AtmA kA pratyakSa karate haiN||38|| jaise merA pratyakSa merI AtmA kA vidhAyaka hai, dUsare kA niSedhaka nahIM hai pratyakSa jJAna hone se, vaise dUsaroM kA pratyakSa unakI apanI AtmA kA svasaMvedana karatA hai, dUsaroM kI AtmA kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai pratyakSa hone se| isa prakAra viparIta siddhi bhI ho sakatI hai| jaise atiprasaMga aura viparyaya se viparIta bhI hotA hai arthAt atiprasaMga yA prasaMga se AtmAoM ke bahupane kI siddhi hotI hai aura viparyaya se AtmA ke ekatvapane kI siddhi nahIM hotI arthAt apane-apane svasaMvedana pratyakSa se apanI-apanI AtmAe~ jAnI jAtI haiM ata: ve aneka haiM ekatva nahI hai, kyoMki pratyeka AtmA meM hone vAle svasaMvedana pratyakSa ko AtmA ke ekatva kA vidhAna karanA siddha nahIM hotaa| apitu isa
Page #68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 55 vidhAyakameva pratyakSamiti niyamosti, niSedhakatvenApi tasya prtiiymaantvaat| tathAhi;vidhAtrahaM sadaivAnyaniSeddha na bhvaamyhm| svayaM pratyakSamityevaM vetti cenna niSedbhukam // 39 // vidhAtR ca nAnyaniSeddhapratyakSamiti na pramANAMtarAnnizcayo dvaitprsNgaat| svata eva yathA nizcaye siddhaM tasya niSedhakatvaM parasya niSeddhRhaM na bhavAmIti svayaM prtiiteH|| saMti satyAstato nAnA jIvA: saadhyksssiddhyH| pratipAdyAH pareSAM te kdaacitprtipaadkaaH||40|| yatazcaivaM pramANato nAnAtmanaH siddhAstato na teSAM pratipAdyapratipAdakabhAvo mithyA yena parArthaM jIvasAdhanamasiddhaM syAt // parArthaM nirNayopAyo vacanaM cAsti tttvtH| tacca jIvAtmakaM neti tadvadanyacca kiM ttH||41|| svasaMvedana pratyakSa se AtmAoM ke anekapanekI siddhi hotI hai| AtmA ke ekatva kI siddhi nahIM hotI kyoMki pratyeka AtmA meM svasaMvedana pratyakSa apane-apane pRthak-pRthak brahma ko jAna rahA hai| - tathA pratyakSa pramANa vidhAyaka hI hai niSedhaka nahIM hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA niSedhakatva kI bhI pratIti hotI hai| jaise bhUtala para yaha vastu nahIM hai aisA jJAna bhI hotA hai| tathAhi isI bAta ko siddha karate haiM jaise - "maiM sadA hI AtmA kA vidhAna karane vAlA hU~ , niSedha karane vAlA nahIM huuN|" isa prakAra kahane vAlA pratyakSa svayaM niSedhaka nahIM hai| aisA kahane para to vaha pratyakSa svayaM niSedha karane vAlA kyoM nahIM hogA ? arthAt niSedha karane vAlA nahIM hU~ yahI to niSedha hai||39|| athavA pratyakSa pramANa astitva kA vidhAyaka hai niSedhaka nahIM hai isa prakAra kI siddhi pramANAntara se to nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki pramANAntara se siddhi mAnane para dvaita kA prasaMga AtA hai aura yadi svayaM pratyakSa jJAna se hI yaha siddha hotA hai ki pratyakSa astitva kA vidhAyaka hai, niSedhaka nahIM / aisA kahane para svayaM pratyakSa hI niSedhaka hai yaha siddha hotA hai kyoMki maiM niSedhaka nahIM hU~ vahI to niSedhaka arthAt svayaM hI pratyakSa se niSedha kI pratIti ho rahI hai isalie svasaMvedana siddha sahita nAnA AtmA haiM ve kabhI dUsaroM ke dvArA pratipAdya (samajhAne yogya) hotI haiM aura kabhI vahI AtmA pratipAdaka ho jAtI hai| jisa samaya jJAnAbhyAsa kara rahI thI taba pratipAdya thI aura paripakva avasthA meM pratipAdaka ho jAtI hai||40|| isa prakAra jisa hetu se nAnAtmA pramANa se siddha hai ata: una AtmA ke pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka bhAva mithyA nahIM haiM jisase dUsare jIvoM ke lie jIva padArtha kI siddhi karanA asiddha ho arthAt dUsaroM ke lie jIva padArtha kI siddhi karanA asiddha nahIM hai| yukta hI hai| paramArtha se dekhA jAya to dUsaroM ke lie jIvatattva kA nirNaya karAne kA upAya vacana hI hai aura bevacana jIvAtmaka nahIM haiM ataH ajIvAtmaka haiN| isa prakAra vacana ajIva ke samAna hamAre jaina siddhAnta meM anya dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla Adi ajIva padArtha kyoM nahIM siddha hoMge, avazya hoNge||41||
Page #69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 56 na hyupAyApAye parArthasAdhanaM siddhyati tasyopeyatvAdanyathAtiprasakte riti / tasyopAyosti vacanamanyathAnupapattilakSaNaliMgaprakAzakaM / jIvAtmakameva tadityayuktaM, pratipAdakajIvAtmakatve tasya prtipaadyaadysNvedytvaaptteH| pratipAdyajIvAtmakatve pratipAdakAdyasaMvedyatAnuSakteH, satyajIvAtmakatve prtipaadyprtipaadkaasNvedytvaasNgaat| pratipAdakAdyazeSajIvAtmakatve tadanekatve virodhAdekavacanAtmakatvena tessaamektvsiddhH| satyameka evAtmA pratipAdakAdibhedamAstiSNute anaadyvidyaavshaaditypyuktottrpraaymaatmnaanaatvsaadhnaat| kathaM cAtmanaH sarvathaikatve pratipAdakasyaiva tatra saMpratipattirna tu pratipAdyasyeti prtipdyemhi| tasyaiva vA vipratipattirna punaH pratipAdakasyeti tathA tadbhedasyaiva upAya ke binA dUsaroM ke lie Atma tattva kA sAdhana-pratipAdana karanA siddha nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha Atma tattva upAyoM ke dvArA jAnane yogya upeyatva hai| upAya ke binA hI upeyatva ko jAnane meM atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai (binA kisI upAya se cAhe jisakI siddhi ho jaaegii|) ataH nizcaya hotA hai ki usa Atmatattva ko jAnane kA upAya vacana hI hai| vaha anyathAnupapatti lakSaNa hetu kA prakAzaka hai| sAdhya ke nahIM hone para hetu kA nahIM honA anyathAnupapatti hai| anyathAnupapatti, avinAbhAva, nAMtarIyaka aura vyApti ye cAroM ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| anyathAnapapatti lakSaNa vAlA heta hI apane sAdhya kA prakAzaka hotA hai| arthAta vacana ke binA AtmA kA pratipAdana nahI hotaa| vacana jIvAtmaka hI hai aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki vacana ko pratipAdaka ke jIvAtmaka mAna lene para pratipAdya Adi ko asaMvedya kA prasaMga AyegA aura pratipAdya ke jIvAtmakatva mAna lene para pratipAdaka Adi ke asvasaMvedana kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt vaktA kI AtmA ke sAtha vacanoM kA tAdAtmya saMbaMdha mAna lene para ziSyoM ko usakA saMvedana nahIM hogA aura ziSyoM zrotAoM kI AtmA ke sAtha vacanoM kA tAdAtmya mAna lene para vaktAoM ko unakA vacanoM kA svasaMvedana nahIM hogA kyoMki dasaroM kI AtmA kA dUsarA saMvedana nahIM kara sakatA ata: sAmAnya jIvAtmaka vacana ke mAna lene para pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka ke asaMvedana kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt sAmAnya jana unakA anubhava kareMge, ziSya zikSaka nhiiN| yadi pratipAdya pratipAdaka Adi sarva jIvAtmaka vacana haiM aisA mAnate hai to vacana ke anekatva hone para eka vacanAtmakatva se virodha AtA hai to una advaitavAdiyoM ke ekatva paramabrahma kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai arthAt pratipAdya evaM pratipAdaka ke bhinna-bhinna vacana hone se nAnA AtmAoM kI siddhi hotI hai ; eka puruSAdvaita vA brahmAdvaita kI siddhi nahIM hotii| satya rUpa se dekhA jAe to AtmA eka hI hai parantu anAdi avidyA ke kAraNa eka hI parama brahma pratipAdaka Adi bheda ko prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra kathana karane vAle brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM kA bhI khaNDana hamane pUrva meM kara diyA hai jahA~ nAnAtmA kI siddhi kI hai| sarvathA eka hI parama brahma hone para pratipAdaka kI AtmA ko brahmAdvaita kI nirbAdha pratIti ho rahI hai aura pratipAdya ko parama brahma kI pratIti nahIM, yaha hama kaise samajheM arthAt jaba pratipAdaka aura pratipAdya
Page #70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 57 siddheH / yadi punaravidyAprabhedAttathA vibhAgastadA sApyavidyA pratipAdakagatA kathaM pratipAdyAdigatA na syAt? tadgatA vA pratipAdakagatA tadabhedepIti sAzcaryaM nshcetH| pratipAdakagateyamavidyA pratipAdyAdigateyamiti ca vibhAgasaMpratyayonAdyavidyAkRta eveti cet, kimidAnIM srvopyvidyaaprpNcH| sarvAtmagatastattvostu sopyavidyAvazAttatheti cet , tarhi tattvato na kvacidavidyAprapaMca iti na tatkRto vibhAgaH / paramArthataH eva pratipAdikAdijIvavibhAgasya siddheH| tato naikAtmavyavasthAnaM yena vacasozeSajIvAtmakatve yathokto doSo na bhavediti na jIvAtmakaM vacanaM / tadvaccharIrAdikamapyajIvAtmakamasmAkaM prasiddhyatyeva // . bAhoMdriyaparicchedyaH zabdo nAtmA yathaiva hi| tathA kAyAdirarthopi tadajIvo'sti vstutH||42|| donoM kI AtmA eka hai to eka ko to pratIti ho aura eka ko nahIM ho, yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? athavA pratipAdya ko hI parama brahmAdvaita meM vivAda hai, pratipAdaka ko nahIM; aisA mAnane para to nAnAtmA vA pratipAdaka aura pratipAdya kA bheda siddha hotA hai abheda nhiiN| yadi kaho ki avidyA ke kAraNa pratipAdaka aura pratipAdya kA vibhAga hotA hai to vaha avidyA pratipAdyagata hI kyoM hai, pratipAdakagata kyoM nahIM hai? - pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka meM abheda hone para bhI yaha avidyA pratipAdyagata hai aura yaha pratipAdakagata aisI brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM kI tattva vivakSA para hamArA citta sAzcarya ho rahA hai arthAt hamako Azcarya ho rahA hai| yadi kaho ki - yaha pratipAdaka gata avidyA hai aura yaha pratipAdya gata avidyA hai, isa prakAra ke vibhAga kA saMpratyaya jJAna avidyAkRta hI hai arthAt pratipAdya kI avidyA jijJAsA karane vAlI hai aura pratipAdaka kI avidyA nirNaya karAne vAlI hai to kyA yaha sArA jagata avidyA kA hI prapaJca hai ? isa prakAra to sarva AtmAgata brahmAdvaita bhI avidyA kA prapaJca vAstavika hai, arthAt sarva vyApaka eka brahma mAnanA tathA sampUrNa padArthoM ko AtmasvarUpa svIkAra karanA bhI avidyA se hogaa| yadi kaho ki avidyA kA prapaJca bhI avidyA ke AdhIna hI hai, taba to vAstava meM kahIM bhI avidyA kA prapaMca nahIM hai ata: usa avidyA ke dvArA kiyA gayA pratipAdya-pratipAdaka kA vibhAga bhI avidyA se nahIM apitu paramArtha se hai| isalie pratipAdya pratipAdaka Adi jIvavibhAga kI siddhi paramArtha hai, kalpita nahIM ata: advaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA eka hI Atma tattva kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| jisase vacanoM ko azeSa jIvAtmaka mAna lene para uparikathita doSa prApta na hoveN| arthAt vacanoM ko jIvAtmaka mAna lene para pUrva kathita pratipAdya pratipAdaka Adi ke aneka hone se doSa AtA hI hai| ata: vacana jIvAtmaka nahIM haiN| jisa prakAra vacanoM ke ajIvAtmaka hone kI siddhi hotI hai usI prakAra hamAre zarIra Adi bhI ajIva haiM, aisA siddha hotA hI hai arthAt jIva tattva ke samAna ajIva tattva bhI prasiddha hI hai| jisa prakAra bAhya indriyoM ke dvArA paricchedya (jAnane yogya) hone se zabda AtmA (jIva) nahIM haisI prakAra bAhya indriyoM ke dvArA paricchedya hone se zarIrAdi padArtha bhI jIvAtmaka nahIM haiM,apitu ye sarva vAstava meM ajIvAtmaka haiM ata: ajIva tattva kalpita nahIM hai, vAstavika hai||42||
Page #71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 58 na kevalaM pratipAdakasya zarIraM lipyakSarAdikaM vA parapratipattisAdhanaM vacanavat sAkSAt parasaMvedyatvAdajIvAtmakaM / kiM tarhi ? bADeMdriyagrAhyatvAcca / jIvAtmakatve tadanupapatteriti sUktaM praarthsaadhnaanythaanupptterjiivaastitvsaadhnm|| yopi brUte pRthivyaadirjiivodhykssnishcitH| tattvArtha iti tasyApi prAyazo dattamuttaram // 43 // asti jIva: svArthAjIvasAdhanAnyathAnupapatteH pRthivyAdirajIva eva tattvArtha iti na svayaM sAdhanamaMtareNa nizcetumarhati kasyacidasAdhanasya nishcyaayogaat| sattvAttathA nizcaya iti cet na, tasyAcetanatvAt cetanatve tattvAMtaratvasiddhestasyaiva jiivtvopptteH| syAnmatamajIvavivartavizeSazcetanAtmakaM pratyakSaM na punarjIva iti / tdst| cetanAcetanAtmakayorvivartavivartibhAvasya virodhAt parasparaM vijAtIyatvAjalAnalavat / vacana ke samAna dUsaroM ke pratipatti (samajhAne) kA sAdhana pratipAdaka kA zarIra, lipi, akSara, saMketa Adi kevala parasaMvedya hone se hI ajIvAtmaka nahIM hai to kaise ajIva haiM? apitu bAhyendriya ke dvArA grAhya hone se bhI ajIva haiN| zabda ke jIvAtmakatva hone para bAhyendriya ke dvArA grAhyatA nahIM ho sktii| isa prakAra dUsaroM ke lie jIva tattva ko siddha karanA ajIva tattva ko svIkAra kiye binA nahIM ho sakatA aisA kahanA ucita hI hai| isa prakAra ajIva tattva kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt ajIvatattva ke binA brahmAdvaita kI bhI siddhi nahIM hotI hai kyoMki brahmAdvaita kA pratipAdana karane ke lie ajIvAtmaka vacana kA Azraya lenA par3atA hai| jo kahatA hai (cArvAka) ki pratyakSa pramANa se nizcita pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu ajIva hI tattvArtha haiM jIva nAmaka koI tattva nahIM hai ; isa prakAra kathana karane vAle ko bhI prAya:kara uttara de cuke haiM yA jIva kI siddhi karate samaya usakA khaNDana kara diyA hai arthAt Atmasiddhi karate samaya anAtma kA khaNDana kiyA hai||43|| __ anumAna se jIvatattva kI siddhi karate haiM - jIva tattva hai - kyoMki jIvatattva ke binA apane lie ajIvatattva kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| pRthvI Adi ajIva hI tattvArtha haiM, isa prakAra kI siddhi sAdhana ke binA nizcaya karane ke yogya nahIM hai kyoMki kisI bhI vastu kA sAdhana (heta) ke binA nizcaya nahIM hotA arthAt Atma tattva ke binA ajIva tattva kI siddhi nahIM hotii| sattva hetu se pRthvI Adika ajIva tattva kI siddhi hotI hai aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sattA acetana hai aura acetana se acetana kI siddhi hotI nahIM hai| tathA sattA ko cetanatva svIkAra kara lene para tattvAntara cetana padArtha kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt pRthvI jala agni aura vAyu ina cAra tattvoM se bhinna cetanatattva pA~cavA~ siddha hotA hai| usI cetana padArtha ke yukti se jIvatattva kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt jIvatattva ke siddha hone para hI ajIva tattva kI siddhi hotI hai, ajIva padArtha kI svayaM siddhi nahIM hotI hai| cetana svarUpa pratyakSa pramANa ajIva dravya kI paryAya hai, bhinna jIva nahIM haiM, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki cetana aura acetana svarUpa padArthoM ke vivarta aura vivartI (pariNAma aura pariNAmI) pane
Page #72
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 59 suvarNarUpyavadvijAtIyatvepi tadbhAvaH syAditi cenna, tayoH pArthivatvena sajAtIyatvAt lohatvAdibhizca tarhi cetanayoH sattvAdibhiH sajAtIyatvAttadbhAvo bhavatviti cenna bhavato jalAnalAbhyAmane kAntAt / tayoradravyAntaratvAttadbhAva iti cenna, asiddhtvaat| tayorapi dravyAMtaratvasya nirnnyaattdbhaavaayogaat| nirNeSyate hi lakSaNabhedAccetanAcetanayordravyAMtaratvamiti na tayorvivartavivartibhAvo yena cetanAtmakaM pratyakSaM jIvadravyasvarUpaM kA (bhAva kA) virodha AtA hai arthAt acetana kI paryAya cetana nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki ve paraspara bhinna jAti vAle haiM, jaise jala aura agni| (jaise tumhAre jalatattva aura agnitattva bhinna haiN|) yadyapi jaina agni aura jala ko eka hI tattva mAnate haiM parantu cArvAka kI apekSA varNana kiyA hai| cetana aura acetana padArthoM meM upAdAna upAdeya bhAva nahIM hai arthAt acetana pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, cetana (jIva) rUpa pariNamana nahIM kara skte| jaise suvarNa aura rUpA cAMdI meM vijAtIya hone para bhI pariNAma pariNAmI bhAva hotA hai (arthAt cAMdI sonA eka ho jAte haiM) usI prakAra pRthvI Adi ajIva tattva bhI jIva rUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sonA aura rUpA meM pArthivatva rUpa se sajAtIya hone se rUpA dhAtu sonA bana jAtA hai| jaise lohatva aadi| medinI koza ke anusAra cAMdI sonA Adi sarva dhAtu lohA kahalAtA hai ata: suvarNa aura tAMbe kA cAMdI meM pRthvIkAyatva kI apekSA sajAtIyatva hone se unameM upAdAna upAdeya bhAva bana jAtA hai parantu vijAtIya hone se cetana aura acetana meM upAdAna upAdeya bhAva nahIM bntaa| cetana aura acetana meM bhI sattvAdi kI apekSA sajAtIyatva hone se tadbhAva pariNAma pariNAmI bhAva ho jAtA hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai.. kyoMki aisA mAnane para Apake jala aura agni meM bhI anekAnta hogA-arthAt cAra tattva na rahakara eka tattva ho jaayeNge| parantu Apa jala aura agni meM sajAtIyatva hote hue bhI upAdeya upAdAna bhAva nahIM mAnate haiN| vaise hI cetana aura acetana meM upAdAna upAdeya bhAva nahIM hai arthAt mahAsattA kI apekSA sarvadravya eka haiM parantu avAntara sattA kI apekSA chahoM dravya bhinna-bhinna haiM ve eka dUsare kA upAdAna upAdeya nahIM bana skte| cetana aura acetana meM bhinna dravyapanA nahIM hai isalie donoM meM pariNAma pariNAmI bhAva bana jAyegA aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki cetana aura acetana meM ekatvapanA asiddha hai| cetana aura acetana meM bhI dravyAntaratva kA nirNaya (nizcaya) hai ata: una cetana acetana meM vivartta vivartI bhAva pariNAma-pariNAmI bhAva kA ayoga hai arthAt cetana aura acetana paraspara eka dUsare ke sAtha pariNamana nahIM kara skte| lakSaNa ke bheda se cetana aura acetana meM bhinna dravya-tattvapanA hai isakA nirNaya Age kareMge isalie cetana aura acetana meM vivartta vivartti bhAva nahIM hai| jisase cetanAtmaka pratyakSa jIva dravya svarUpa na hogaa| arthAt cetanAtmaka dravya svataMtra siddha hai| jIva pRthvI Adi ajIva se bhinna dravyAntara hai, isa prakAra kA varNana
Page #73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 60 na syaat| prAyeNa dattottaraM ca cetanasyAdravyAMtaratvavacanamiti na jIvamaMtareNa svArthajIvasAdhanamupapadyate / etena smRtipratyabhijJAnAnumAnAdikaM gauNapRthivyAdyajIvasAdhanaM svArthaM jIvamaMtareNAnupapannamiti niveditaM, tasyApi cetanadravyasvarUpatvAvizeSAt pradhAnAdirUpatayA tasya prtivihittvaat| na kAyAdikriyArUpo jIvasyAstyAsavaH sdaa| ni:kriyatvAdyathA vyomna itysttdsiddhitH||44|| kriyAvAn puruSosarvagatadravyatvato ythaa| pRthivyAdiH svasaMvedyaM sAdhanaM siddhameva naH // 45 // na hi kri yAvattve sAdhye puruSasyAsarvagatadravyatvaM sAdhanamasiddhaM tasya svasaMvedyatvAt pRthivyAdivatbhrAMtamasarvagatadravyatvenAtmanaH saMvedanamiti cet na, bAdhakAbhAvAt / sarvagata pUrva meM kara diyA hai| pUrva meM isakA uttara diyA hI hai ki jIva ke binA, svArtha ke lie jIva kI sAdhanA vA siddhi nahIM ho sktii| tathA jIvatattva ko svIkAra kiye binA apane lie az2Iva padArtha kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| "smRti pratyabhijJAna anumAna tarka Adi bhI gauNa rUpa se pRthvI Adi ajIvatattva kI paryAya haiM" aisA kahane vAloM kA bhI isa hetu se khaNDana kara diyA hai kyoMki paramArthabhUta jIva tattva svIkAra kiye binA ajIva siddhi apane lie apane Apa nahIM ho sakatI ata: avizeSatA (sAmAnyatA) se smRti Adi ke cetanapanA hai arthAt smRti Adi jIva ke svAtmabhUta svabhAva haiN| smRti Adi pradhAna ke guNa haiM isakA khaNDana kara diyA hai| arthAt smRti Adi acetana pradhAna ke guNa nahIM haiM apitu cetana AtmA ke jJAna guNa kI paryAya hai| .. isa prakAra jIvatattva aura ajIvatattva kA varNana kiyaa| aba Asrava tattva kA varNana karate haiN| AtmA ke asarvagata dravyatva siddha hai kapila kA mata - jIva ke kAyAdi kriyArUpa, mana vacana kAya kI kriyArUpa Asrava sadA (kabhI) saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki AtmA niSkriya hai| jo niSkriya hotA hai usake karma kA Asrava nahIM hotA jaise AkAza ke| yaha kapila kA mata hai| AcArya kahate haiM- aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki AtmA ke kriyA rahita-pane kI asiddhi hai||44|| jaise AtmA kriyAvAna hai asarvagata hone se pRthvI Adi dravya ke smaan| isameM diyA gayA hamArA avyApakatva hetu svasaMvedana pratyakSa se siddha hI hai arthAt AtmA apanI kAya pramANa choTA bar3A hone se vyApaka nahIM hai ata: kriyAvAna hai aura kriyAvAna hone se sAsrava hai| (Asravasahita hai|) puruSa ke kriyAvAnapanA siddha karane meM diyA gayA asarvagata dravyatva hetu asiddha nahIM hai kyoMki pRthvI Adi ke samAna AtmA ke bhI avyApakapanA svasaMvedyatva hai| arthAt AtmA kA avyApakapanA svasaMvedana pratyakSa hai||45|| AtmA kA asarvagata dravyatva se saMvedana (jJAna) hotA hai vaha bhrAnta hai (avAstavika hai|) aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai; kyoMki AtmA ke asarvagatapane meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| AtmA sarvagata hai amUrtika hone se AkAza ke samAna, yaha hetu AtmA ke asarvagatatva kA bAdhaka hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita
Page #74
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *61 AtmA'mUrtatvAdAkAzavadityetadbAdhakamiti cenna, asya prativAdinAM kAlenAnekAMtAt / kAlopi sarvagatastata eva tadvaditi nAtra pksssyaanumaanaagmbaadhittvm| tthaahi| AtmA kAlazcAsarvagato nAnAdravyatvAt pRthivyaadivt| kAlo nAnAdravyatvenAsiddha iti cenna, yugapatparasparaviruddhanAnAdravyakriyotpattau nimitttvaattdvt| khena vyabhicArIdaM sAdhanamiti cenna, tasyAvagAhanakriyAmAtratvena prsiddhsttraanimitttvaat| nimittatve vA parikalpanAnarthakyAt tatkAryasyAkAzAdevotpattighaTanAt parAparatvapariNAmakriyAdInAmAkAzanimittakatvavirodhAdavagAhanavat parAparayaugapadyAyaugapadyacirakSiprapratyayaliMgaH kAlonya evAkAzAditi cet , syAdevaM yadi paratvAdipratyayanimittatvamAkAzasya virudhyet| zabdaliMgatvAdAkAzasya tannimittatvaM virudhyata eveti cenna, nahIM hai| kyoMki isa amUrti hetu kA prativAdI jainoM ke dvArA mAne gae kAla dravya ke sAtha anekAnta doSa AtA hai arthAt kAla amUrtika hote hue bhI sarvagata nahIM hai| amUrtika kA asarvagata hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai; kyoMki kAla amUrtika hai parantu sarvagata nahIM hai| kAla bhI sarvagata hai amUrtika hone se AkAza ke samAna, aisA bhI kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki kAla ko sarvagata mAnanA yaha pakSa, anumAna aura Agama se bAdhita hai| tathAhi AtmA aura kAla donoM hI asarvagata haiM nAnA dravya hone se pRthvI Adi ke smaan| kAla nAnA dravyatva se asiddha hai arthAt kAla nAnA dravyasvarUpa nahIM hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai; kyoMki eka hI samaya meM paraspara viruddha aneka dravyoM kI kriyAoM kI utpatti meM nimitta kAraNa hone se kAla dravya meM nAnAtva hai jaise pRthvI Adi drvy| arthAt eka hI samaya meM bhinna-bhinna dravyoM meM bhinna parivartana hotA hai ataH kAla bhinna-bhinna hai| yadi kAla dravya pratyeka pradeza para bhinna nahIM hai to sarva dravyoM kA pariNamana eka samAna hotA, parantu aisA nahIM hai kyoMki sarva dravyoM kA parivartana bhinna-bhinna ho rahA hai| kAla dravya kA anekapanA siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA eka samaya meM aneka viruddha kriyAoM ke karane kA sahakArI kAraNa heta AkAza ke sAtha vyabhicArI hai, kyoMki AkAza eka hote hue bhI aneka padArthoM ko eka sAtha avagAhana detA hai, aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki AMkAza ke kevala avagAhana kriyA kA hI nimittapanA prasiddha hai| kAla ke dvArA kI gayI aneka viruddha kriyAoM meM AkAza nimitta kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki AkAza ko dravyaparivartana meM nimitta mAna lene para kAla dravya kI parikalpanA vyartha hotI hai| kyoMki kAla dravya ke nimitta se hone vAle kAryoM kI AkAza dravya se hI utpatti honA ghaTita ho jaayegaa| arthAt avagAhana dene ke samAna AkAza parivartana bhI karAyegA parantu parAparatva pariNAma aura kriyA Adi kA AkAza ko nimitta mAnanA viruddha hai avagAhana ke samAna arthAt jaise avagAhana denA AkAza kA kAma hai vaisA pariNamana karAnA nhiiN| ... kAla kRta paratva aparatva yugapat , krama, ativilamba aura zIghra kA jJAna honA hai cihna jisakA aisA kAla AkAza se bhinna hai| aisA kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA to taba siddha hotA hai jaba paratva, aparatva yugapat-ayugapat Adi jJAna ke nimittatva ko AkAza ke viruddha mAnA jaave| parantu Apa to AkAza ke dvArA aneka kriyAoM kA honA svIkAra karate haiN| AkAza zabda kA liMga (kAraNa) hai ata:
Page #75
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 62 ekasyApi nAnAkAryanimittatvena darzanAt svayamIzvarasya tathAbhyupagamAcca / yadi punarIzasya nAnArthasisRkSAbhisaMbaMdhAnnAnAkAryanimittatvamaviruddhaM tadA nabhasopi nAnAzaktisaMbaMdhAttadaviruddhamastu vizeSAbhAvAt / tathA cAtmAdikkAlAdyazeSadravyakalpanamanarthakaM tatkAryANAmAkAzenaiva nivartayituM shkytvaat| atha parasparaviruddhabuddhyAdikAryANAM yugapadekadravyanivartyatvavirodhAttannimittAni nAnAtmAdidravyANi kalpyate tarhi nAnAdravyakriyANAmanyonyaviruddhAnAM sakRdekakAladravyanimittatvAnupapattestannimittAni nAnAkAladravyANyanumanyadhvaM / tathA ca nAsiddhaM nAnAdravyatvamAtmakAlayorasarvagatatvasAdhanaM / nApi pRthivyAdidRSTAMta: sAdhanadharmavikalaH pRthivyaptejovAyUnAM dhAraNakledanapacanaspaMdanalakSaNaparasparaviruddhakriyAnimittatvena sakRdupalabhyamAnatvAt / nApi sAdhyadharmavikalasteSAM kathaMcinnAnAdravyatvasiddherityanumAnaviruddhaM pakSaM AkAza ko paratva aparatva kA nimitta mAnanA viruddha hI hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki eka dravya ke bhI aneka kAryoM kA nimittapanA dekhA jAtA hai| svayaM Apane eka Izvara ko aneka kAryoM kA nimitta kAraNa svIkAra bhI kiyA hai ataH ApakA kAla dravya kA mAnanA vyartha hai usake sAdhya kArya AkAza ke dvArA sampAdita ho jAte haiN| yadi punaH Izvara ke nAnA padArthoM kI racane kI icchAoM kA saMbaMdha hone se Izvara ke nAnA arthoM ke kartRtva kA nimittapanA aviruddha hai, aisA kahate ho to AkAza ke bhI nAnA zakti ke saMbaMdha se nAnA kAryoM ke nimittatva viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| tathA AkAza ko eka dravya mAna lene para AtmA, dizA, kAla, vAyu, mana, AkAza Adi sampUrNa dravyoM kI kalpanA karanA vyartha ho jAyegA kyoMki paratva, aparatva, kampana Adi sAre kArya AkAza ke dvArA hI karanA zakya ho jaayegaa| yadi Apake dvArA paraspara viruddha buddhi, sukha, duHkha, Adi kAryoM kA eka sAtha eka dravya (AkAza) ke dvArA sampAdana honA viruddha hai| (eka dravya dvArA viruddha aneka kAryoM kA sampAdana nahIM ho sktaa|) ataH una bhinna kAryoM ke nimitta kAraNa aneka AtmA, eka dizA, eka kAla, Adi aneka dravyoM kI kalpanA karanI par3atI hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai to aneka dravyoM se hone vAlI paraspara viruddha aneka kriyAoM kA eka kAla meM (eka samaya meM) eka hI kAla ko nimittapanA nahIM bana sakatA hai ata: una aneka kriyAoM ke nimitta kAraNa kAla dravya bhI aneka haiM, aisA svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| aisA hone para kAla meM nAnA dravyapanA asiddha nahIM rahatA hai, siddha ho jAtA hai| tathA AtmA aura kAla dravya hote hue bhI asarvagata haiM, yaha siddha ho jAtA kAla ko avyApaka dravya siddha karane ke lie hetu meM diyA gayA pRthvI Adi kA dRSTAnta bhI sAdhana rUpI dharma se vikala (rahita) nahIM hai kyoMki pRthvI, jala Adika meM aneka dravya kriyAoM ke prati nimittakAraNatA hai| jaise pRthvI aneka dravyoM ko dhAraNa karane rUpa kriyAoM se, jala gIlA karanA rUpa kriyAoM se, agni pacana kriyAoM se aura vAyu vRkSoM kI kampana kriyAoM se yukta hai ata: paraspara viruddha lakSaNa kriyAoM kA nimittatva eka sAtha upalabdha hotA hai arthAt pRthvI Adi meM aneka dravya kriyAoM ke prati nimittakAraNatA
Page #76
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 63 kAlAtmasarvagatatvAsAdhanaM, lokAkAzapradezeSu pratyekamekaikasya kAlANoravasthAnAdratnarAzivat kAlANavo'saMkhyAtA: svayaM vartamAnAnAmarthAnAM nimittahetava ityAgamaviruddhaM pakSaM c| na cAyamAgamopramANaM sarvathApyasaMbhavadbAdhakatvAdAtmAdipratipAdakAgamavat / tata: siddhamasarvagatadravyatvamAtmanaH kriyAvattvaM sAdhayatyeva / kAlANunAnaikAMtikamiti cenna, ttraasrvgtdrvytvsyaabhaavaat| sarvagatadravyatvapratiSedhe hi tatsadRzenyatra sakRnnAnAdezasaMbaMdhini saMpratyayo na punarniraMze kaalaannau| 'naJiva yuktamanyasadRzAdhikaraNe tathA hyarthagatiriti vacanAt, prasahyapratiSedhAnAzrayaNAt / asaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAmiti jIvAvagAhasya nAnAlokAkAzapradezavartitayA vkssymaanntvaat| tathA ca katipayapradezavyApidravyatvAditi hetvarthaH prtisstthitH| hai| isa prakAra paraspara viruddha aneka kriyAoM ke nimittapanA hote hue pRthvI, jala, teja aura vAyu kA eka samaya meM upalambha (pratyakSa) kiyA jA rahA hai| tathA pRthvI Adi rUpa dRSTAnta nAnA dravyapanA rUpa sAdhya dharma se vikala (rahita) bhI nahIM haiN| kyoMki una pRthvI Adika ke kathaJcit nAnA dravyatva kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt jaise avayava evaM avayavI rUpa se pRthvI Adi meM anekatva hai vaise hI kAla dravya aura AtmA meM anekatva siddha hai| isa prakAra kAla dravya aura AtmA ko sarvagata siddha karane kA sAdhana anumAna viruddha pakSa hai| kyoMki ratnoM kI rAzi ke samAna lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza meM eka-eka kAlANu avasthita hai| ve kAlANu asaMkhyAta, loka pramANa haiM kyoMki apanI dravya zakti ke dvArA svayaM apane Apa vartanA karate hue nAnA padArthoM ke kAlANudravya vartanA karAne meM nimitta kAraNa hote haiN| isa Agama pramANa se bhI Apake dvArA mAnA gayA kAla ke vyApakapane kA pakSa Agamaviruddha par3atA hai aura yaha Agama vAkya apramANa bhI nahIM hai kyoMki AtmA, AkAza Adi ke pratipAdaka Agama ke samAna isameM bhI sarvaprakAra se bAdhaka pramANoM kI asaMbhavatA hai| isalie AtmA ke asarvagata dravyatva siddha hai vaha AtmA kI kriyAvatva zakti ko siddha karatA hI hai| - AtmA asarvagata hone se kriyAvAna hai, yaha kahane para asarvagata hetu kA kAlANu ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai (arthAt kAlANu asarvagata to hai parantu kriyAvAna nahIM hai) aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa kAlANu meM asarvagata dravyatva ke sarvagatatva kA niSedha kiyA hai| asarvagata dravyatva hetu se vyApaka dravyatva kA abhAva kiyA hai| ata: sarva vyApaka dravyatva kA niSedha karane para usake sadRza anyatra eka sAtha nAnA dezoM meM saMbaMdha karane vAle padArthoM meM jJAna hotA hai kintu sarvathA niraMza kAlANu meM eka sAtha nAnA deza saMbaMdhI padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| yahA~ para asarvagata meM jo 'naJ samAsa hai usakA artha prasajya (sarvathA abhAva) nahIM hai apitu usase bhinna usake sadRza padArthoM kA grahaNa karane vAlA paryudAsa (apavAda) hai| __ isI tattvArtha sUtra grantha ke pA~caveM adhyAya meM "asaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAM' isa sUtra se eka jIva kitanA hI choTA hogA to bhI ghanAMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga rUpa asaMkhyAta pradezoM ko avazya ghera letA hai isase kama saMkhyAta pradezoM meM jIva nahIM raha sktaa| ata: jIva kI avagAhanA kI nAnA (asaMkhyAta) lokAkAza pradezoM meM vartanA hai, aisA Age kheNge| aura aisA hone para kAla aura AtmA katipaya pradeza vyApI dravya haiM, yaha artha siddha hotA hai| arthAt na to AtmA eka pradeza meM rahatA hai aura na sarvagata hai apitu asaMkhyAta pradezoM meM rahatA hai aisA siddha hotA hai|
Page #77
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 64 na ca kAlANuH syAdvAdinAM katipayapradezavyApidravyaM yatastena hetorvybhicaarH| kAlAdanyatve satyasarvagatadravyatvAditi spaSTaM sAdhanavyabhicAri vAcyamiti cenna kiMcidaniSTamIdRgarthasya hetorisstttvaat| pareSAM tu kAlasya sarvagatadravyatvenAbhipretatvAttena vyabhicAracodanasyAsaMbhavAdvArtike tathA vishessnnaabhaavH| evaM ca niravadyAtsAdhanAdAtmanaH kriyAvattvasiddhaH kAyAdikriyArUpo'syAsravaH prasiddhyatyeva / kAyAlaMbanAyA jIvapradezaparispaMdanakriyAyAH kAyAsravatvAdvAgAlaMbanAyA vAgAzrayatvAnmanovargaNAlaMbanAyA maansaashrytvaat|| baMdhaH puMdharmatAM dhatte dviSThatvAnna prdhaanke| kevale'saMbhavAttasya dharmosau nAvadhAryate // 46 // __ syAdvAdiyoM ke mata meM eka hI pradeza meM rahane vAlA kAladravya (kAlANu) katipaya pradeza aMsakhyAta saMkhyAta pradeza vyApI nahIM hai| jisase usa kAla ke dvArA asarvagatadravyapane hetu kA vyabhicAra AsakatA ho| kAla dravya se anya hone para (asarvagata dravya hone se) asarvagata dravya hai, isa prakAra vyabhicAra doSoM se rahita hetu hai aisA bhI nahIM kahanA caahie| arthAt jo kAla se bhinna dravya hai vaha asarvagata hai| aisA spaSTa rUpa se mAnanA cAhie, aisA bhI kahane para AcArya kahate haiM- ki aisA mAnanA hamAre aniSTa nahIM hai, kAla dravya se. bhinna dravya bhI asarvagata hai aisA mAnanA hama ko bhI iSTa hai arthAt jo kAla se abhinna avyApaka dravya haiM ve kriyAvAna haiM isa prakAra hetu kA artha hamako bhI iSTa hai| naiyAyika aura vaizeSikoM ke mata meM kAla dravya ko sarva vyApaka dravyatva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai isalie usa kAla se vyabhicAra (doSa) dene kI unake dvArA preraNA karanA asaMbhava hai| arthAt sarvagata kAla ko mAnakara AtmA ko akriyAvAna siddha karanA asaMbhava . hai| isalie hI isa sUtra kI 45 vIM vArttika meM kAlabhinnatva vizeSaNa nahIM diyA hai| kevala asarvagata dravya hone se AtmA meM kriyA ko siddha kara liyA hai| ata: AtmA meM deza se dezAntara ko prApta hone rUpa kriyA hotI hai| isa prakAra nirdoSa hetu se AtmA ke kriyAvAna kI siddhi ho jAne se isa AtmA ke zarIra, vacana aura mana kI kriyArUpa Asrava tattva siddha hotA hI hai| ata: kAya ke avalambana se (vA sthUla evaM sUkSma zarIra ke upayogI AhAra vargaNA tathA kArmANa vargaNA kA avalambana lekara) utpanna huI AtmA ke pradezoM kI kampa rUpa kriyA ko kAyAsrava kahate haiM, vacana vargaNA ke Alambana se utpanna jIva pradezoM ke parispandana rUpa kriyA ko vacana vAg Asrava kahate haiM aura manovargaNAoM kA avalambana lekara utpanna huI AtmapradezoM ke kampana rUpa kriyAoM ko mAnasa Asrava kahate haiN| ata: Asrava tattva kI siddhi hotI hai| Asrava bhI dravyAsrava aura bhAvAsrava ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| AtmA ke jina bhAvoM ke dvArA karma Ate haiM ve bhAva bhAvAsrava haiM aura pudgala vargaNAoM kA AnA dravyAsrava hai| yaha Asrava bhI AtmA aura pudgala donoM ke hone para hI siddha hotA hai| bandha tattva kA varNana : bandha AtmA ke dharma ko dhAraNa karatA hai kyoMki bandha do padArthoM meM hotA hai, akele pradhAna meM usa baMdha kA rahanA asaMbhava hai| isalie yaha baMdha tattva pradhAna kA dharma hai aisI avadhAraNA nahIM kI jA sktii| arthAt pudgala aura jIva ina donoM kA dharma 'baMdha tattva' hai, akele pudgala (prakRti) kA nahIM hai||46||
Page #78
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 65 na hi pradhAnasyaiva dharmo baMdha: saMbhavati tasya dvisstthtvaaditi| jIvasyApi dharmaH sovadhAryate sarvathA puruSasya baMdhAbhAve baMdhaphalAnubhavanAyogAdvaMdhavat prakRtisaMsargAdvaMdhaphalAnubhavanaM tasyeti cet , sa eva baMdhavivartAtmikayA prakRtyA saMsargaH puruSasya bNdhH| iti siddhaH kathaMcitpuruSadharmaH saMsargasya dviSThatvAt // saMvaro jIvadharmaH syAt kartRstho nirjarApi c| mokSazca karmadharmopi karmastho bNdhvnmtH|| 47 // dharmidharmAtmakaM tattvaM saptabhedamitIritam / zraddheyaM jJeyamAdhyeyaM mumukSorniyamAdiha // 48 // akele pradhAna kA baMdha tattva dharma saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki baMdha tattva ke dviSThatA hai arthAt baMdha tattva do padArthoM meM rahatA hai, eka padArtha ke baMdha nahIM hotaa| jIva aura ajIva do padArthoM meM baMdha hone se baMdha tattva jIva kA bhI dharma hai aisA nizcaya karanA caahie| sarvathA puruSa ke (AtmA ke) baMdha kA abhAva mAna lene para baMdha tattva ke phala kA anubhava karane kA bhI ayoga hogA arthAt AtmA karmabaMdha ke phala kA anubhava bhI nahIM kregaa| vA sAMsArika bhogoM kA bhoktA bhI AtmA nahIM bnegaa| ... baMdha ke samAna prakRti ke saMsarga se AtmA ko baMdha ke phala kA anubhava hotA hai, aisA kahane para to hama kaheMge ki baMdha kI paryAyAtmaka prakRti kA saMsarga hI AtmA kA baMdha hai| arthAt prakRti ke sAtha AtmA kA saMsarga honA hI baMdha hai; isa prakAra siddha huA ki saMsarga rUpa baMdha padArtha kathaMcit puruSa (AtmA) kA dharma hai, kyoMki saMsarga (baMdha) do padArthoM meM rahatA hai eka meM nhii| ata: baMdha tattva kI siddhi hotI hai| jainAcAryoM ne baMdha do prakAra kA kahA hai dravya baMdha aura bhAvabaMdha / jIva ke jina bhAvoM (rAgadveSamaya pariNati) se karma ba~dhate haiM vaha bhAva baMdha hai tathA jo pudgala vargaNA AtmapradezoM para sthita hotI hai vaha dravya baMdha hai| dravyabaMdha aura bhAva baMdha kA paraspara nimitta naimittika saMbaMdha hai| jIva aura pudgala (ajIva) donoM kI siddhi hone para baMdha kI siddhi hotI hai tathA baMdha sarva prANiyoM ke saMvedana meM A rahe haiM, sAre prANiyoM ko sukhaduHkha se unakA anubhava ho rahA hai ata: baMdha na akele pradhAna kA guNa hai aura na akele jIva kA, apitu donoM kA nimitta naimittika saMbaMdha hai| ___kartA AtmA meM sthita hone se saMvaratattva, nirjarA tattva aura mokSa tattva AtmA kA dharma, AtmA kA hI pariNAma hai tathA baMdha ke samAna karma me sthita hone se saMvara nirjarA aura mokSa karma (pudgala) kA dharma (pariNAma) bhI hai| arthAt jaise baMdha aura Asrava dviSTha haiM jIva aura pudgala donoM meM hote haiM usI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA bhI pudgala aura AtmA ina donoM meM hote haiM; dravya saMvara, dravya nirjarA aura dravya mokSa paudgalika haiN| ataH akele AtmA yA pudgala ke Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa nahIM hotaa||47|| isa prakAra dharmI aura dharma svarUpa tattva ke sAta bheda kahe haiM ata: yahA~ mokSa ke icchuka manuSyoM ko ina sAtoM tattvoM kA zraddhAna aura samIcIna jJAna karanA caahie| tathA inhIM sAta tattvoM kA bhalI prakAra dhyAna karanA cAhie, AcaraNa karanA caahie||48||
Page #79
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 66 jIvAjIvau hi dharmiNau taddharmAstvAsravAdaya iti dharmidharmAtmakaM tattvaM saptavidhamuktaM mumukSoravazyaM zraddheyatvAdvijJeyatvAdAdhyeyatvAcca smygdrshnjnyaandhyaanvissytvaannirvissysmygdrshnaadynuppttestdvissyaaNtrsyaasNbhvaat| saMbhave ttraivaaNtrbhaavaat|| na ca tattvAMtarAbhAvastattvamaSTamamAsajet / saptatattvAstitArUpo hyesso'nysyaaprtiititH|| 49 // tattvaM satazca sadbhAvo'sato'sadbhAva itypi| vastunyeva dvidhA vRttirvyavahArasya vkssyte||50|| . yathA hi sati sattvena vedanaM siddhmNjsaa| tathA sadaMtare siddhamasattvena pravedanam // 51 // asadrUpapratItirhi nAvastuviSayA kvacit / bhAvAMzaviSayatvAt syAt sitatvAdipratItivat // 52 // bhAvAMzosatsadAbhAvavizeSaNatayekSaNAt / sarvathAbhAvanirmuktasyAdRSTeH pATalAdivat // 53 // / ina sAta tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva ye do tattva to dharmI haiM aura Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSatattva dharma haiN| isa prakAra do dharmI tattva aura pA~ca dharma tattva ke bheda se tattva sAta prakAra ke kahe haiN| mokSa prApta karane kI icchA karane vAle mumukSu ko samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyagdhyAna (cAritra) kA viSaya hone se ina sAtoM tattvoM kA zraddhAna, samIcIna jJAna aura dhyAna avazya karanA cAhie kyoMki ye hI zraddheya haiM, ye hI jJeya haiM aura ye hI dhyeya haiN| samyagdarzana jJAna aura dhyAna kA viSaya hone se nirviSaya (zraddheya Adi viSaya ke binA) samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyaka cAritra kI utpatti nahIM hotii| tathA samyagdarzana Adi ke viSaya sAta tattva ko chor3akara anya nahIM haiM arthAt ina sAta tattvoM ko chor3akara aura koI vastu zraddhAna, jJAna aura dhyAna karane yogya nahIM hai| yadi puNya pApa Adi anya kisI tattva kI saMbhAvanA ho to ve saba ina sAta tattvoM meM hI garbhita ho jAte hai| ataH ina sAta tattvoM se bhinna anya tattvoM ke mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai tathA anya tattva kI pratIti bhI nahIM hotI hai| tattvAntarAbhAva (sAta tattvoM ke sivAya abhAva) rUpa AThavA~ tattva bhI pratIta nahIM hotA hai kyoMki tattvAntaroM kA abhAva bhI sAta tattvoM ke astitva rUpa hai, ina sAta tattvoM ke astitva rUpa se bhinna abhAva pa tattva kI pratIti nahIM hotii||49|| sat padArtha ke sadabhAva ko tattva kahate haiM tathA asat padArtha kA asadbhAva bhI tattva hai| arthAt eka hI padArtha apane svarUpa se sat aura para padArtha kI apekSA asat rUpa hai| sat se bhinna svatantra asatpadArtha nahIM hai| sat svarUpa vastu meM hI hai| eka hI sat svarUpa vastu meM sat aura asatrUpa donoM prakAra ke vyavahAra kI pravRtti kahI jAtI hai, dekhI jAtI hai||50|| .. jisa prakAra sat padArtha meM sattva rUpa se jJAna honA nirdoSa siddha hotA hai, usI prakAra asat rUpa padArtha kA asat rUpa se jJAna honA bhI siddha hai||51|| arthAt eka hI vastu svarUpa se sat aura para svarUpa se asat hai kyoMki kahIM para bhI asadpa padArtha kI pratIti avastu kA viSaya nahIM karatI hai| kintu zukla Adi pratIti ke samAna asat kI pratIti bhI bhAva ke aMzoM kA hI viSaya karatI hai| arthAt jaise zukla Adi kI pratIti sat svarUpa hai usake sAtha pIlA Adi nahIM hai, isa asat kI pratIti bhI bhAva rUpa hI hai||52|| sat rUpa bhAvAMza bhI sadA abhAva vizeSaNa se yukta dekhA jAtA hai| kyoMki gulAbI Adi raMga ke samAna sarvathA abhAva se rahita sat dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| arthAt jaise lAla, pIlA Adi raMga nAsti ke binA nahIM rhte| (lAla hai pIlA nahIM haiM aise asti-nAsti donoM rUpa hai) vaise hI pratyeka vastu asti-nAsti rUpa hai, asti nAsti vizeSaNa sahita hai aura nAsti asti vizeSaNa sahita hai| asti ke binA nAsti aura nAsti ke binA asti nahI rahatI hai||53|| 1. jIva aura ajIva dravyasvarUpa haiM vA paryAyI haiN| Asrava Adi pA~ca tattva jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya haiN|
Page #80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 67 na hyabhAvaH sarvathA tuccha: pratyakSato'numAnato vA pratIyate yatosya sarvadA bhAvavizeSaNatayA darzanamaprasiddha syAt tatprasiddhyadabhAvasya bhAvAMzatvaM sAdhayati sitatvAdivat / tato na kvacidavastuni kasyacidasattvapratItirvastunyeva tatpratItestattvAMtarAbhAvasya saptatattva viprakarSabhAvasya siddheranyamatatvAsaMbhAvanaiveti srvsNgrhH|| pramANAdaya eva syuH padArthAH SoDazeti tu| bruvANAnAM na sarvasya saMgraho vyavatiSThate // 54 // tatrAnadhyavasAyasya viparyAsasya vA gteH| nAsyApramANarUpasya prmaanngrhnnaadgtiH|| 55 // saMzItivatprameyAMtarbhAve tattvadvayaM bhavet / saMzayAdeH pRthagbhAve pRthagbhAvosya kiM ttH|| 56 // kyoMki sarvathA tucchAbhAva (sarvaprakAra se tuccha, nirupAkhya svataMtra) abhAva padArtha pratyakSa aura anumAna jJAna se pratIta (jJAta) nahIM hotA hai| jisase ki isa abhAva kA sadA bhAva kA vizeSaNa hokara dikhanA aprasiddha asiddha ho arthAt abhAva svataMtra dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| bhAva kA vizeSaNa hokara hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| apitu zukla Adi ke samAna bhAvarUpa se prasiddha astitva abhAva ke bhAvAMzatva (astitva aMza) ko hI siddha karatA hai| ata: kisI bhI avastu meM kisI prANI ko asat (abhAvatva) kI pratIti nahIM hotI kintu vastu meM hI asattva kI pratIti hotI hai arthAt asti meM hI nAsti kA bodha hotA hai, pRthak nhiiN| ata: tattvAntara ke abhAva kI sAta tattvoM meM hI viprakarSa bhAva se siddhi hotI hai arthAt abhAvatattva kA bhAva tattva meM hI samAveza ho jAtA hai| bhAva se atirikta tattva nahIM hai| tathA anya matoM naiyAyika, vaizeSikoM ke mantavyAnusAra mAne gae tattvoM kI saMbhAvanA to hai hI nhiiN| isa prakAra sabhI vAstavika tattvoM kA ina sAtoM meM hI saMgraha ho jAtA hai| .. jainoM ke dvArA mAne gaye sAta tattvoM meM to sarva padArthoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| kintu pramANAdi solaha padArtha haiM, isa prakAra kahane vAle naiyAyikoM ke sarva tattvoM kA saMgraha nahIM hotaa||54|| naiyAyikoM ne pramANa, prameya, saMzaya, prayojana, dRSTAnta, siddhAnta, avayava, tarka, nirNaya, vAda, jalpa, vitaNDA, hetvAbhAsa, chala, jAti, nigraha sthAna ye 16 padArtha mAne haiN| unameM pramANa ke grahaNa karane se pratyakSa Adi pramANoM kA hI grahaNa hotA hai| usa pramANa meM anadhyavasAya aura viparyaya jJAna kI jJapti nahIM ho skegii| kyoMki apramANa rUpa anadhyavasAya aura viparyaya jJAna kA pramANa rUpa jJAna meM antarbhAva nahIM hotaa||55|| jaise saMzaya jJAna kA pramANa jJAna meM antarbhAva na hone se saMzaya jJAna ko pRthak svIkAra kiyA hai vaise anadhyavasAya aura viparyaya jJAna kA antarbhAva pramANa jJAna meM nahI ho sktaa| yadi kaho ki prameya tattva meM viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya kA antarbhAva ho jAyegA to pramANa aura prameya do hI tattva rheNge| sabhI tattva ina do meM garbhita ho jaayeNge| yadi saMzaya, prayojana Adi kA pRthak nirUpaNa karate haiM to kyA viparyaya aura anadhyavasAva ke saMzaya Adi se bhinnatA hai jisase saMzaya, prayojana Adi ko pRthak tattva grahaNa kiyA jAya aura anadhyavasAya, viparyaya Adi ko pRthak grahaNa na kiyA jaave||56||
Page #81
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 68 pramANavidhisAmarthyAdapramANagatau ydi| tatrAnadhyavasAyAderantarbhAvo virudhyate // 57 // saMzayasya tadAtraiva nAMtarbhAvaH kimissyte| pramANabhAvarUpatvAvizeSAttasya sarvathA // 58 // pramANavRttihetutvAt saMzayazcet pRthkkRtH| tata eva vidhIyeta jijJAsAdistathA na kim // 59 // abhaavsyaavinaabhaavsNbNdhaadersNgrhaat| pramANAdipadArthAnAmupadezo na doSajit // 60 // dravyAdiSaTpadArthAnAmupadezopi taadRshH| srvaarthsNgrhaabhaavaadnaaptopjnymitytH|| 61 // suutrevdhaarnnaabhaavaacchessaarthsyaaniraakRtau| tattvenaikena paryAptamupadiSTena dhImatAm // 62 // yadi kaho ki pramANa vidhi ke sAmarthya se apramANa jJAnoM kI svayaM arthApatti se jJapti ho jAtI hai to usa pramANa jJAna meM anadhyavasAya aura viparyaya rUpa ajJAna pramANoM kA antarbhAva honA viruddha par3atA hai| arthAt samyagjJAna meM mithyAjJAna kA praveza karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai||57|| . . athavA yadi pramANa jJAna kI vidhi ke sAmarthya se viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya jJAna kI svayaM arthApatti jJAna se jJapti ho jAtI hai to saMzaya jJAna kA bhI isI meM antarbhAva honA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki usa saMzaya jJAna ke sarvathA apramANa ke abhAva rUpatva kI koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| arthAt jaise viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya apramANa rUpa haiM, vaise saMzaya bhI apramANa rUpa hai, phira kyA kAraNa hai ki saMzaya jJAna ko pRthaktattva mAnA hai aura anya viparyaya, anadhyavasAya Adi jJAnoM ko apramANa nahIM mAnA hai||58|| yadi kaho ki kisI padArtha kA taratama rUpa se pratyakSakaranA, vizeSa vizeSAMzoM kA nirNaya karanA anumAna jJAna vA IhA jJAna meM pravRtti honA Adi jJAnoM ke pUrva meM saMzaya jJAna kI pravRtti hotI hai isalie sarva pramANoM kI pravRtti kA mukhya kAraNa hone se saMzaya jJAna ko pRthak grahaNa kiyA hai to saMzaya ke samAna jijJAsA Adi bhI pramANa kI pravRtti meM kAraNa hai ata: saMzaya ke samAna jijJAsA Adi ko pRthak grahaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA ? // 59 // tathA solaha padArthoM meM abhAva padArtha kA aura avinAbhAva saMbaMdha (vyApti) jJAna, smRti, tarka Adi jJAnoM kA bhI saMgraha nahIM hotA isalie pramANAdi solaha padArthoM kA upadeza doSoM ko jItane vAlA (nirdoSa) nahIM hai||60|| isalie usI prakAra dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya rUpa bhAvAtmaka chaha padArthoM kA upadeza bhI sarva arthoM (tattvoM) kA saMgraha karane vAlA na hone se anApta kA kahA huA hai| satya vaktA Apta kA kahA huA nahIM hai||61|| solaha vA chaha padArthoM kA kathana karane vAle sUtra meM padArtha (16 hI haiM vA chaha hI haiM adhika nahIM aisI avadhAraNA karane vAle svakAraNa) kA abhAva hone se azeSa (zeSa bace) avinAbhAva jijJAsA anadhyavasAya Adi sarva padArthoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotA hai arthAt grahaNa hotA hai| aisA kahane para to eka hI tattva ke upadeza se buddhimAnoM ko pUrNatA prApta ho jAyegI (ataH 16, chaha Adi padArthoM kA kathana karane se kyA prayojana hai)||62||
Page #82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *69 pramANAdisUtre dravyAdisatre vAvadhAraNAbhAvAdanadhyavasAyaviparyayajijJAsAdyavinAbhAvavizeSaNavizeSyabhAvaprAgabhAvAdayaH saMgRhItA eveti sarvasaMgrahe pramANaM tattvaM dravyaM tattvamiti copadezaH kartavyastatrAnavadhAraNAdeva prameyAdInAM guNAdInAM vAnadhyavasAyAdivatsaMgrahopapatterityAkulatvAdanAptamUla evAyaM pramANAdhupadezo dravyAdhupadezo vA prkRtyaadhupdeshvt|| nanvevaM spttttvaarthvcnenaapysNgrhaat| ratnatrayasya tadbAdhyepyayuktatvamitItare // 63 // na hi ratnatrayaM jIvAdiSvaMtarbhavatyadravyatvAdAsravAditvAbhAvAcca / tasya tattvAMtaratve kathaM saptaiva tattvAni yato jIvAdisUtreNa sarvatattvAsaMgrahAt, tadapyayuktaM na bhavediti kecit|| pramANAdi (pramANa prameya saMzaya prayojana dRSTAnta siddhAntAvayava tarka nirNaya vAda jalpa vitaNDA hetvAbhAsacchala jAti nigraha sthAnAnAM tattvajJAnAnnizreyAdhigamaH) nyAya darzana ke isa sUtra meM aura "dravyAdi dharma-vizeSa prasUtAd dravya guNa karma sAmAnya vizeSa samavAyAnAM padArthAnAM" ityAdi sUtra meM tattvoM ke avadhAraNA (evakAra) kA abhAva hone se naiyAyika aura vaizeSikoM ke anadhyavasAya, viparyaya, jijJAsA Adika tathA avinAbhAva, vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva, prAgabhAva pradhvaMsAbhAva Adi abhAva padArthoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra naiyAyika Adi 16 vA chaha padArthoM meM sarva padArthoM kA saMgraha karane para to pramANa tattva vA dravyatattva inameM se eka kA hI upadeza denA caahie| 16 yA chaha kA nhiiN| kyoMki una donoM sUtroM meM eka hI tattva ke niyama karane rUpa avadhAraNA na hone se prameya Adi kA aura guNakarmAdi kA saMgraha eka hI tattva meM ho jAyegA jaise saMzaya Adi meM anadhyavasAya Adi kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai ata: pramANAdi 16 tattva haiM yA dravyAdi chaha tattva haiM aisA kathana (upadeza) karane vAle naiyAyika Adi darzanakAra Akulita hone se yaha kathana anAptamUla hI hai, Apta sarvajJa kA kahA huA nahIM hai| jaise kapila RSi ke dvArA pratipAdita prakRti, mahattattva Adi 25 tattva kA upadeza satya vaktA Apta ke dvArA pratipAdita nahIM hai| isalie sarvajJadeva dvArA kathita sAta tattva kA upadeza hI vAstavika hai, anApta ke dvArA kathita tattva vAstavika nahIM haiN| ___ zaMkA : yahA~ koI vidvAn kaTAkSa rUpa zaMkA kara rahe haiM ki sarvajJa dvArA kathita sAta tattvArtha vacana ke dvArA bhI ratnatraya-samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA saMgraha nahIM hotA isalie sAta tattvoM meM sarva padArthoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai, yaha kathana bAdhita hone se ayukta hai, ThIka nahIM hai||63|| _dravya nahIM hone se aura Asrava baMdha Adi rUpa na hone se ratnatraya jIvAdi sAta tattvoM meM garbhita nahIM hote arthAt ratnatraya na to jIva, pudgala Adi dravya rUpa haiM aura na AsravAdi rUpa haiM ata: inakA jIvAdi sAMta tattvoM meM antarbhAva nahIM hotaa| una ratnatraya ko tattvAntara (bhinna tattva) svIkAra karane para jIvAdi sUtra ke dvArA sarva tattvoM kA asaMgraha hone se 'jIvAdi tattva sAta hI haiM' aisA ghaTita kaise ho sakatA hai, jisase tattva sAta hI haiM, aisA kahanA ayukta asamyak na hove| isa prakAra kisI kI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate
Page #83
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 70 tadasattasya jIvAdisvabhAvatvena nirnnyaat| tathA puNyAsravatvena saMvaratvena vA sthiteH // 64 // jIvAjIvaprabhedAnAmanaMtatvepi naanytaa| prasiddhyatyAsravAdibhya ityavyAptyAdyasaMbhavaH // 65 // na hi jIvo dravyameva paryAya eva vA yena tatparyAyavizeSAH samyagdarzanAdayaH tadgrahaNena na gRhyate, dravyaparyAyAtmakasya jIvatvasyAbhipretatvAt / tato nAdravyatvepi ratnatrayasya jiiveNtrbhaavaabhaavH| tathAsravAditvAbhAvopyasiddhastasya puNyAsravatvena saMvaratvena ca vakSyamANatvAt iti naasrvaadissvnNtrbhaavH| yepi ca jIvAjIvayoranaMtA: prabhedAstepi jIvasya puNyAgamasya hetavaH pApAgamasya vA puNyapApAgamananirodhino vA tadvaMdhanirjaraNahetavo vA mokSasvabhAvA vA, gatyaMtarAbhAvAt / iti nAsravAdibhyo'nyatAM labhyate yenAvyAptirativyAptyasaMbhavau tu dUrotsAritAveveti niravadyaM jIvAdisaptatattvapratipAdakaM sUtraM, tatastadAptopajJameva // sAta tattvoM meM ratnatraya kA saMgraha nahIM hotA, aisA kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai kyoMki ratnatraya jIvAdi kA svabhAva hone se tathA puNyAsrava rUpa se nirNaya hone se aura saMvaratva se sthita hone se jIva evaM ajIva ke prabhedoM kI anantatA hone para bhI Asrava Adi se anyatA prasiddha nahIM hai arthAt jIva dravya ke ananta guNa aura ananta paryAya haiM, una saba kA akhaNDa piMDa jIva hai ataH ratnatraya jIva kA svabhAva hone se jIva. se bhinna nahIM hai jIva tattva meM garbhita hai tathA jIva ke zubha evaM zuddha pariNAma hone se saMvara aura nirjarA tattva se bhI bhinna nahIM hai aura puNyAsrava ratnatraya se hotA hai ata: ratnatraya Asrava tattva meM bhI garbhita hai| jIva ajIva ke ananta prabheda haiM to bhI ve Asrava baMdha Adi se pRthak prasiddha nahIM haiM isalie sAta tattvoM meM sarva padArtha garbhita haiM, yaha kathana avyApti, ativyApti aura asaMbhava doSa se dUSita nahIM hai||64-65|| jIva tattva se jIva dravya vA jIva kI paryAyoM kA hI grahaNa nahIM hai jisase jIva ke paryAya vizeSa samyagdarzanAdi kA grahaNa jIvatattva ke grahaNa se nahIM hotA ho| jIvatattva se dravya-paryAyAtmaka jIvatattva kA grahaNa iSTa hai| isalie dravyatva na hote hue bhI ratnatraya kA jIvatattva meM antarbhAva hone kA abhAva nahIM hai| arthAt ratnatraya jIva svabhAva meM garbhita hai tathA ratnatraya ke Asravatva kA abhAva bhI asiddha hai arthAt ratnatraya meM Asravatva bhI siddha hai kyoMki Age ke adhyAyoM (chaThe sAtaveM naveM) meM ratnatraya ke puNyAsravatva aura saMvaratva kA kathana kareMge arthAt ratnatraya puNyAsrava evaM saMvararUpa hai, aisA kaheMge ataH ratnatraya kA Asrava Adi meM antarbhAva nahIM hai, aisA nahIM hai| jo bhI jIva aura ajIva ke ananta prabheda haiM ve saba hI jIva ke puNyAgama ke, pApAgama ke aura puNya-pApAgama ke nirodha ke kAraNa haiM tathA bandha aura nirjarA ke hetu bhI haiM tathA mokSasvabhAvarUpa bhI haiN| ina Asrava Adi se bhinna ratnatraya nahIM hai, gati antara kA abhAva hai| isa prakAra ratnatraya Asrava Adi se bhinnatA ko prApta nahIM hote ataH sAta tattvoM meM sarva padArthoM kA saMgraha hotA hai isameM ativyApti, avyApti aura asaMbhava doSa ko dUra hI pheMka diyA hai| isalie jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA pratipAdaka sUtra nirdoSa hai aura Apta ke dvArA kahA huA hai|
Page #84
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *71 nanvate jIvAdayaH zabdabrahmaNo vivartAH zabdabrahmaiva nAma tattvaM nAnyaditi kecit / teSAM klpnaaropmaatrtvaat| tasya ca sthApanAmAtramevetyanye, teSAM drvyaaNt:prvisstttvaat| tadvyatirekeNAsaMbhavAt vyamevetye ke| paryAyamAtravyatirekeNa sarvasyAghaTanAdbhAva evetypre| tannirAkaraNAya lokasamayavyavahAreSvaprakRtApAkaraNAya prakRtavyAkaraNAya ca saMkSepato nikSepaprasiddhyarthamidamAha; naamsthaapnaadrvybhaavtstnnyaasH|| 5 // na nAmamAtratvena sthApanAmAtratvena dravyamAtratvena bhAvamAtratvena vA saMkaravyatirekAbhyAM vA jIvAdInAM nekSepa ityrthH|| tatrasaMjJAkarmAnapekSyaiva nimittaaNtrmissttitH| nAmAnekavidhaM lokavyavahArAya sUtritam // 1 // na hi nAmno'nabhidhAne loke tadvyavahArasya pravRttirghaTate yena tanna suutryte| nApi tadekavidhameva vizeSatonekavidhatvena prtiiteH| kiMciddhi pratItamekajIvanAma yathA Dittha iti, kiMcidanekajIvanAma yathA yUtha zaMkAkAra kahatA hai ki jIvAdi sAta tattva zabda brahma kI paryAyeM haiM, zabda brahma kA hI nAma tattva hai| zabda brahma se atirikta sthApanA Adi kucha bhI nahIM haiN| koI kahate haiM ki jIvatva Adi kalpanA mAtra se Aropita hai| usakI sthApanA mAtra kI jAtI hai ataH sthApanA mAtra hI dravya hai| koI kahate haiM ki nAma sthApanA Adi ke dravya ke antargata praviSTatva hai arthAt ve dravya ke antargata ho jAte haiM ataH dravya ko chor3akara nAma sthApanA aura bhAva kI saMbhAvanA na hone se dravya mAtra hI jIvAdi tattva hai| koI kahate haiM - paryAya se bhinna nAma, sthApanA Adi sabhI kI asambhavatA hone se bhAva mAtra hI padArtha hai| isa prakAra kathana karane vAle ekAntavAdiyoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie tathA sampUrNa lokaprasiddha vyavahAroM meM Aye hue aprakaraNa ko dUra karane ke lie aura prakaraNa gata padArtha kA vyutpAdana karane ke lie saMkSepa se nikSepa kI prasiddhi ke lie sUtra kahate haiM.... nAma nikSepa, sthApanA nikSepa, dravya nikSepa aura bhAva nikSepa ina cAroM se jIvAdi padArthoM kA nyAsa (pratipAdana) hotA hai||5|| kevala nAma mAtra se, sthApanA mAtra se, dravyamAtra se aura bhAva mAtra se jIvAdi padArthoM kA pratipAdana nahIM hotA tathA saMkara (eka dUsare ke guNa-paryAyoM se mila jAnA) aura vyatireka (abhAva vA eka dUsare ke viSaya ko grahaNa karane) se jIvAdi padArthoM kA pratipAdana nahIM hotA apitu cAroM se hI bhinna-bhinna padArthoM kA apane-apane svarUpa meM loka vyavahAra hotA hai ata: yahA~ sarvaprathama nAma nikSepa kA lakSaNa kahate haiM nimittAntara kI apekSA na karake loka vyavahAra ke lie aneka prakAra kI saMjJA karanA nAma nikSepa hai| aise nAma kI prakRta sUtra meM vivakSA kI hai yA sUtra meM gUMthA hai||1|| zaMkA : loka meM nAma nikSepa kA kathana nahIM karane para bhI nAmoM ke vyavahAra kI pravRtti ghaTita ho jAtI hai isalie nAma nikSepa kA sUtra meM kathana nahIM kiyA jaave| samAdhAna : aisA nahIM hai, arthAt nAma
Page #85
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 72 iti, kiMcidekAjIvanAma yathA ghaTa iti, kiMcidanekAjIvanAma yathA prAsAda iti / kiMcidekajIvaikAjIvanAma yathA pratIhAra iti, kiMcidekajIvAnekAjIvanAma yathA kAhAra iti, kiMcidekAjIvAnekajIvanAma yathA maMdureti, kiMcidanekajIvAjIvanAma yathA nagaramiti prativiSayamavAMtarabhedAdbahudhA bhidyate saMvyavahArAya nAma loke / tacca nimittAMtaramanapekSya saMjJAkaraNaM vakturicchAtaH prvrtte|| ___kiM punarnAmno nimittaM kiM vA nimittAMtaraM ? ityAha;nAmno vakturabhiprAyo nimittaM kathitaM samam / tasmAdanyattu jAtyAdinimittAMtaramiSyate // 2 // jAtidvAreNa zabdo hi yo dravyAdiSu vartate / jAtihetuHsa vijJeyo gaurazva iti zabdavat // 3 // kA abhidhAna kiye binA loka meM nAma vyavahAra kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI ata: nAma kA kathana karanA Avazyaka hai| nAma eka prakAra kA nahIM hai apitu vizeSoM kI apekSA nAmoM meM anekavidha pratIti hotI hai arthAt nAma aneka prakAra ke bhI haiN| kahIM eka jIva nAma se pratIti hotI hai| jaise kisI mAnava kA nAma rakhA Dittha, yaha eka jIva nAma hai| aneka jIvanAma jaise yUtha isameM aneka jIvoM ke samUha ko yUtha kahA hai isalie yaha aneka jIva nAma hai koI eka ajIva nAma se kahA jAtA hai jaise ghaTa, isa ghaTa kA vAcyArtha eka ajIva hai| isalie yaha eka ajIva nAma hai| koI aneka ajIvoM kA vAcaka eka nAma hai, jaise prAsAda, mahala, makAna; isameM cUnA Adi aneka ajIva padArtha haiN| koI nAma eka jIva aura eka ajIva vAcaka hai, jaise pratihAra (dvArapAla) hAtha meM daMDa Adi eka ajIva aura svayaM manuSya jIva hai| __ koI nAma eka jIva aura aneka ajIvoM kA vAcaka hotA hai, jaise kahAra (kAvar3a se pAnI Dhone vAlA) isameM mAnava jIva eka hai aura kAvar3a, pAnI, rassI Adi ajIva aneka haiN| koI zabda eka ajIva padArtha aura aneka jIva padArtha kA vAcaka hai, jaise mandura (ghur3azAlA) vidyAlaya Adi, jisameM ghor3e, vidyArthI Adi aneka jIva haiM aura ghara eka ajIva hai| koI nAma aneka jIva, aneka ajIva kA vAcaka hotA hai jaise nagara / nagara meM jIva aura ajIva donoM haiN| isa prakAra pratyeka vAcya artha ke madhyavartI bhedaprabhedoM se bahuta prakAra nAma saMvyavahAra ke lie loka meM bheda rUpa kahe jAte haiN| vaha nAma nimittAntaroM kI apekSA binA, mAtra vaktA kI icchA se pravRtta hotA hai, usako saMjJAkaraNa kahate haiM vA nAma nikSepa kahate haiN| prazna : nAma kA nimitta aura nimittAntara kyA hai? samAdhAna karate hue AcArya kahate haiM-vaktA kA abhiprAya nAma kA nimitta kahA hai aura vaktA ke abhiprAya se bhinna jAti Adi nimittAntara kahe jAte haiN||2|| __jo zabda jAti ke dvArA dravyAdi meM vyavahRta hotA hai vaha jAti hetu nAma jAnanA cAhie gau, ghor3A Adi zabda ke samAna arthAt gau, azva Adi nAma apanI jAti meM hI upayukta hote haiN| ina gau Adi zabdoM ke kahane se gau Adi jAtiyoM se yukta padArthoM kA grahaNa hotA hai||3||
Page #86
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 73 jAtAveva tu yatsaMjJAkarma tannAma mnyte| tsyaamprjaatyaadinimittaanaambhaavtH|| 4 // guNe karmaNi vA nAma saMjJA karma tthessyte| guNakarmAMtarAbhAvAjAterapyanapekSaNAt // 5 // guNaprAdhAnyato vRtto dravye guNanimittakaH / zuklaH pATala ityaadishbdvtsNprtiiyte||6|| karmaprAdhAnyatastatra krmheturnibudhyte| carati plavate yadvat kazcidityatinizcitam // 7 // dravyAMtaramukhe tu syAtpravRtto drvyhetukH| shbdstddivvidhstjjainiraakulmudaahRtH|| 8 // saMyogidravyazabdaH syAt kuMDalItyAdizabdavat / samavAyidravyazabdo vissaanniityaadiraasthitH||9|| kuMDalItyAdayaH zabdA yadi saMyogahetavaH / viSANItyAdayaH kiM na samavAyanibaMdhanAH // 10 // jAti meM jo saMjJA karma kiyA jAtA hai vaha jAti nAma nikSepa hai kyoMki isameM dUsarI jAti, guNa Adi nimittAntara kA abhAva hai||4|| ___ guNa aura kriyA nimittaka jo nAma hotA hai vaha guNa nimittaka aura kriyA nimittaka nAma kahalAtA hai| isameM guNAntara aura kriyA antara kA abhAva hai tathA jAti kI bhI isameM apekSA nahIM hai arthAt guNa zabda meM pravRtti kA kAraNa guNa kI apekSA vaktA kA abhiprAya hai aura kriyAvAcI zabdoM meM vaktA kA abhiprAya kriyA kI apekSA se hai| anya guNa, kriyA, jAti Adi kI apekSA nahIM hai|||5|| guNa kriyA jAti Adi akhaNDa piNDa rUpa dravya meM guNa kI pradhAnatA se jo zabda pravRtta hotA hai vaha guNanimittaka nAma kahalAtA hai zukla, lAla raMga Adi zabda ke samAna arthAt zveta rakta Adi guNa nimittaka nAma haiM kyoMki zveta, lAla raMga Adi kA uccAraNa karane para usI guNa vAlI vastu ke dvArA vyavahAra kI pravRtti hotI hai ata: guNa zabda samIcIna vyavahAra meM pratIta hotA hai|6|| jo zabda dravya meM kriyA kI pradhAnatA se kahA jAtA hai vaha zabda kriyAnimittaka kahA jAtA hai| jaise plavate, uchalatA hai, kUdatA hai isalie bandara ko plavaMga kahate haiN| jo carati (bhakSaNa karatA) hai vaha bhakSaka kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra pAThaka Adi nAma kriyA nimittaka haiM kyoMki ye zabda kriyA kI mukhyatA se kiye jAte haiN| isa prakAra ina nAma zabdoM se vyavahAra meM padArthoM kA adhika nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai||7|| dUsare dravyoM kI pradhAnatA se vyavahAra meM pravRtta huA zabda (nAma) dravyahetuka kahalAtA hai| usa dravya zakti ko jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ne nirAkula rUpa se dravyahetuka nAma do prakAra kA kahA hai||8|| saMyogI dravya aura samavAyI dravya ke bheda se dravya hetuka nAma bhI do prakAra kA hai| jaise kuNDala ke saMyoga se mAnava kuNDalI, daMDa ke saMyoga se daNDI Adi kahalAtA hai| ye nAma bhinna-dUsare dravya ke saMyoga se kahe jAte haiM kyoMki kuNDalI devadatta meM bhinna kuNDala kA saMyoga hai| viSANI (sIMga vAlA) Adi kahanA samavAyI dravya saMyogaja nAma haiM kyoMki viSANI, sIMga vAle se pathaka nahIM hai. jaise jJAnI jJAna se bhinna nahIM hai| viSANI. zAkhI, jJAnI Adi zabda samavAyI dravya saMbaMdha se hone vAle nAma haiN| avayava avayavI, guNa guNI, saMbaMdha ko samavAya saMbaMdha kahate haiM jaise kuNDala Adi ke saMyoga se kuNDalI Adi zabda saMyoga hetuka hai usI prakAra viSANI Adi zabda samavAya nibandhana kyoM nahI hoMge, avazya hoNge||9-10||
Page #87
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 74 tathA sati na zabdAnAM vAcyA jaatigunnkriyaaH| dravyavatsamavAyena svasaMbaMdhiSu vartanAt // 11 // yathA jAtyAdayo dravye samavAyabalAt sthitAH / zabdAnAM viSayastadvat dravyaM tatrAstu kiMcana // 12 // saMyogabalatazcaivaM vartamAnaM tatheSyatAm / dravyamAne tu saMjJAnaM nAmeti sphuTamIkSyate // 13 // tena paMcatayI vRttiH shbdaanaamupvrnnitaa| zAstrakArairna bAdhyeta nyAyasAmarthyasaMgatA // 14 // ___vakturvivakSAyAmeva zabdasya pravRttistatpravRtteH saiva nimittaM na tu jaatidrvygunnkriyaastdbhaavaat| svalakSaNedhyakSatastadanavabhAsanAt, anyathA sarvasya tAvatInAM buddhInAM sakRdudayaprasaMgAt / pratyakSapRSTabhAvinyAMtu kalpanAyAmavabhAsamAnA jAtyAdayo yadi zabdasya viSayAstadA kalpanaiva tasya viSaya iti kecit| tepynaalocitvcnaaH| pratItisiddhatvAjjAtyAdInAM zabdanimittAnAM vkturbhipraaynimittaaNtrtopptteH| sadRzapariNAmo hi jAtiH padArthAnAM pratyakSataH pratIyate visadRzapariNAmAkhyavizeSavat / piMDoyaM gaurayaM ca aisA hone para arthAt zabdoM kI bhinna pravRtti hone para samavAya se saMbaMdhoM meM rahane vAle dravya ke samAna jAti, guNa, kriyA una zabdoM ke vAcya nahIM hai arthAt jaise kuNDala Adi ke saMyoga se kuNDalI Adi kahalAtA hai usa prakAra gotva Adi jAti, madhuratva Adi guNa, par3hanA Adi kriyA bhinna padArtha ke saMyoga se nahIM hai||11-12|| jaise dravya meM jAti Adi nAma sthita haiM samavAya tAdAtmya saMbaMdha se ve zabda kA viSaya hote haiM, usI prakAra dravya bhI dravya meM sthita rahatA hai| jaise vRkSa dravya apanI zAkhA dravya se zAkhI hai aisA kahA jAtA hai, jaise samavAya saMbaMdha se viSANI Adi nAma haiN| usI dravya saMyoga saMbaMdha se bhI kuNDalI nAma kA jJAna hotA hai ata: dravya saMyoga se bhI dravya meM nAma sthita hai / aisA sphuTa jAnA jAtA hai| aisA svIkAra karanA caahie||13| isa prakAra zabdoM kI pravRtti zAstrakAroM ke dvArA jAti, guNa, kriyA, saMyogI, dravya, samavAyI dravya ke bheda se pA~ca prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| yaha vidvAn janoM ke dvArA kathita pA~ca prakAra kI nAma kI pravRtti nyAya ke sAmarthya se saMgata hone se bAdhita nahIM hai| arthAt yaha pA~ca prakAra ke nAmoM kI pravRtti nyAyasaMgata hai ata: kisI bhI zAstrakAra ke dvArA khaNDita nahIM hotii| isa prakAra jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyA, zabda kI utpatti meM nimittatA hai // 14 // vaktA (bolane vAle) kI icchA hone para jo zabda kI pravRtti / hotI hai usameM vaktA kI icchA hI nimitta hai kintu jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyAyeM usa zabda ke nimitta nhiiN| haiM kyoMki ina zabdoM ko nimitta mAnakara zabdoM kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| ata: nAma nikSepa jAti nimittAntaroM se nahIM kahe jAte haiM kyoMki vaktA kI icchA se kahe jAte haiN| zaMkAH pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye sva kSaNa meM una jAti, guNa Adi kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| yadi pratyakSa meM jAti kA pratibhAsa svIkAra kara liyA jAyegA to sabhI jIvoM ke jAti Adi sahita utanI aneka buddhiyoM (jJAnoM) kA eka samaya meM utpanna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt nirvikalpa pratyakSa meM jAti, dravya Adi kA ullekha nahIM hotA kyoMki jAti ko jAnane vAlA jJAna bhinna hai aura dravya ko jAnane vAlA bhinna / yadyapi pratyakSa jJAna ke pIche mithyA vAsanAoM ke adhIna hone vAlI kalpanA (mithyAjJAna) meM pratibhAsita hone vAle jAti zabda ke viSaya hote haiM parantu usa samaya ve zabda kalpanA hI haiM vAstavika nahIM haiM, aisA koI (bauddha anuyAyI) kahate haiN| samAdhAna svarUpa AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAle ve anAlocita vacana vAle (binA vicAre kathana karane vAle) haiN|
Page #88
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 75 gauriti pratyayAt khaMDoyaM muNddoymitiprtyyvt| bhrAMtoyaM sAdRzyapratyayaH iti cet visadRzapratyayaH kathamabhrAMta:? sopi bhrAnta eva svalakSaNapratyayasyaivAbhrAntatvAt tasya spaSTAbhatvAdavisaMvAdakatvAcceti cet, nAkSajasya sAdRzyAdipratyayasya spaSTAbhatvAvizeSAdabhrAMtatvasya nirAkartumazakteH / sAdRzyavasadRzyavyatirekeNa svalakSaNasya jaatucidprtibhaasnaat| sadRzetarapariNAmAtmakasyaiva srvdoplNbhaat| sarvato vyAvRttAnaMzakSaNikasvalakSaNasya pratyayaviSayatayA niraakrissymaanntvaat| savikalpapratyakSe sadRzapariNAmasya spaSTamavabhAsanAt sarvathA baadhkaabhaavaat| vRttiviklpaadiduussnnsyaatraanvtaaraat| na hi sadRzapariNAmo vizeSebhyotyaMta bhinno nApyabhinno kyoMki pratIti siddha hone se jAti Adi zabda nimittoM kI utpatti vaktA kA abhiprAya aura jAti Adi nimittAntaroM kI apekSA rakhatA hai| tathA visadRza pariNAma nAmaka vizeSa ke samAna padArthoM kI sadRza pariNAma rUpa jAti pratyakSa se pratIta hotI hai, jaise gau bhaiMsa Adi vizeSa kA jJAna hotA hai vA yaha khaNDa hai yaha muNDa hai, ityAdi visadRza kA jJAna hotA hai vaise yaha piNDa hai, yaha gAya hai, isa prakAra sadRza pariNAma kA bhI jJAna hotA hai| ... yadi kaho ki yaha sadRza pratyaya (jJAna) bhrAnta hai, kalpanA hai to visadRza pratyaya (visadRzakA jJAna) abhrAnta kaise ho sakatA hai| yadi kaho ki visadRza pratyaya bhI bhrAnta hai, spaSTa hone se aura avisaMvAdakatva hone se svalakSaNa pratyaya (nirvikalpa jJAna) ke hI abhrAntapanA hai, pramANapanA hai arthAt sadRza pariNAma aura visadRza pariNAma kalpita hone se bhrAnta haiM aura svalakSaNa pratyakSa avisaMvAdI hone se pramANabhUta hai, to spaSTatva kI avizeSatA hone se indriyajanya sadRza visadRza pratyaya (jJAna) ke abhrAntatva kA nirAkaraNa karanA azakya hogA arthAt jaise svalakSaNa pratyakSa spaSTa hone se pramANabhUta hai usI prakAra sadRza (sAmAnya) visadRza (vizeSa) padArtha kA bhI indriyajanya jJAna meM spaSTa pratibhAsa ho rahA hai ata: yaha indriyajanya pratyakSa meM bhI pramANabhUta hogA kyoMki ina donoM svalakSaNa pratyakSa aura indriyajanya pratyakSa meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai tathA sAmAnya aura vizeSa se rahita svalakSaNa kA kabhI bhI pratibhAsa (jJAna) nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kI sarvadA upalabdhi hotI hai| sarva dharmoM (sAmAnya vizeSa dharmoM) se pRthakbhUta niraMza kSaNika (aMzoM se sarvathA rahita kSaNa-kSaNa meM naSTa hone vAlA) svalakSaNa ke jJAna kI viSayatA kA Age nirAkaraNa (khaNDana) kareMge kyoMki niraMza svalakSaNa kisI bhI jJAna kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki sAmAnya vizeSa se rahita koI vastu hI nahIM hai, phira jJAna kisakA hogaa| sarva prakAra se bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se savikalpa pratyakSa meM sadRza (sAmAnya) pariNAma kA spaSTa rUpa se avabhAsa (prakAza) hotA hai ata: isameM vRtti saMbaMdha ke vikalpa Adi doSoM kA avatAra nahIM hai kyoMki vizeSa vyaktiyoM (paryAyoM) se sadRza pariNAma (sAmAnya dravya) na to atyanta (sarvathA) bhinna hai aura na sarvathA abhinna hai jisase bheda vA abheda ekAnta kA doSa A sakatA ho arthAt paryAya se paryAyI sarvathA bhinna vA abhinna nahIM hai apitu kathaJcit bhinna hai aura kathaJcit abhinna hai ataH ekAnta meM die gae bheda aura abheda ke doSa syAdvAda meM nahIM A sakate (kathaJcit bheda aura abheda ko hI kathaMcit tAdAtmya kahate haiN|) una vizeSa vyaktiyoM meM usa sAdRzya svarUpa (sAmAnya) jAti kI vRtti (sambandha) kathaJcit
Page #89
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 76 yena bhedAbhedaikAMtadoSopapAtaH / kthNcidbhedaabhedaat| na ca teSu tasya kathaMcittAdAtmyAdanyA vRttirekadezena sarvAtmanA vA yataH sAvayavatvaM sAdRzyapariNAmasya vyaktyaMtarA vRttirvA syaat| na cAsya sarvagatatvaM yena karkAdiSu gotvAdipratyayasAMkaryaM, nApi svavyaktiSu sarvAsveka eva yenotpitsuvyaktau pUrvAdhArasya tyAgenAgamane tasya ni:sAmAnyatvaM tadatyAgenAgatau sAvayavatvaM prAgeva taddezestitve svapnapratyayahetutvaM prasajyate, visadRzapariNAmeneva sadRzapariNAmenAkrAMtAyA evotpitsuvyakteH svkaarnnaadutptteH| kathamevaM nityA jAtirutpattimadvyaktivyaditi cet, dravyArthAdezAditi brUmaH / vyaktirapi tathA nityA syAditi cet na kiMcidaniSTaM, paryAyArthAdezAdeva vizeSaparyAyasya sAmAnyaparyAyasya vA nityatvopagamAt / tAdAtmya sambandha se bhinna nahIM hai kyoMki yadi sAdRzya pariNAma kI ekadeza kara ke bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM meM vRtti saMbaMdha mAnA jAyegA to sAdRzya pariNAma ke sAvayavatva kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt sAmAnya kucha eka gAya meM rahegA kucha dUsarI gAya meN| athavA sarvAtma rUpa se sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke sAtha saMbaMdha mAneMge to vyakti antara meM vRtti nahIM hogI arthAt eka hI dravya meM sAmAnya kI vRtti hogI parantu jainadharma meM yadyapi saMgrahanaya kI apekSA aneka sadRza pariNAmoM ko eka bhI kaha sakate haiM aura vyavahAra naya kI apekSA bheda bhI kaha sakate haiM, ata: koI doSa nahIM A sktaa| jaina isa sadRza pariNAma ko sarvagata (sarvavyApaka) nahIM mAnate haiM ataH inake karkAdi ghor3A Adi meM gotva Adi pratyaya (jJAnoM) kA sAMkarya (ekatA) nahIM ho sktaa| (sarva vizeSoM meM apanA-apanA sAmAnya rahatA hai) aura na sabhI gau vyaktiyoM meM eka sAmAnya mAnate haiN| jisase utpanna hone vAlI eka vyakti meM pUrva AdhAra chor3akara usa gotva kA Agamana mAnA jAvegA to usa pahalI gau vyakti ko sAmAnya se rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi pUrva AdhAra ko na chor3akara vaha gotva navIna utpanna huI gau meM A jAvegA taba to gotva ke sAvayava kA prasaMga aayegaa| (kucha aMzoM meM gotva pahale ke AdhAra meM rahegA aura katipaya aMza anya sthala utpanna navIna gau meM raheMge ataH sAvayavatva hogaa|) tathA navIna gau ke utpanna hone vAle usa pradeza meM pahale se hI gotva kA astitva mAnA jAyegA to vaha svapna jJAna ke samAna (nirAdhAratva) hetutva kA prasaMga AyegA ataH apane kAraNoM se utpanna hone vAlI utpattimat paryAyeM jaise visadRza (vizeSa) pariNAma se utpanna hotI hai vaise hI sadRza pariNAma se bhI AkrAnta hokara utpanna hotI hai| arthAt sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka dharmoM se yukta hI vyakti (paryAyeM) apane-apane kAraNoM se utpanna hotI haiN| prazna : isa prakAra apane kAraNoM se utpanna hone vAlI tathA vyakti (paryAya) ke samAna hone vAlI bhI jAti nitya kaise hai? uttara : dravyArthika naya kI apekSA hama jAti ko nitya kahate haiN| prazna : to dravyArthika naya kI apekSA paryAya ko bhI jAti ke samAna nitya mAnanA cAhie ? uttara : dravyArthika naya kI apekSA vyakti ko nitya mAnanA syAdvAdiyoM ko kiMcidapi aniSTa nahIM hai kyoMki paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA vizeSa paryAya aura sAmAnya paryAya donoM ko hI anitya svIkAra kiyA hai arthAt dravya dRSTi se sarva padArtha nitya haiM, paryAya dRSTi se nhiiN| athavA kathaJcit paryAya bhI nitya hai kyoMki paryAya ko kathaJcit nitya nahIM mAnane para siddha anantakAla taka.nahIM raha sakate tathA meru, svarga vimAna, himavan Adi parvata nitya nahIM ho skte|
Page #90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 77 ' notpattimaMtsAmAnyamutpitsuvyakteH pUrvaM vyaktyaMtare tatpratyayAditi cet / tata eva vizeSopyutpattimAnmA bhuut| pUrvo vizeSaH svapratyayaheturanya evotpitsuvizeSAditi cet, puurvvyktisaamaanympynydstu| tarhi sAmAnya samAnapratyayaviSayo na syAt vyaktyAtmakatvAdvyaktisvAtmavaditi cet na, sadRzapariNAmasya vyakteH kthNcidredprtiiteH| prathamamekavyaktAvapi sadRzapariNAmaH samAnapratyayaviSayaH syAditi cet na, anekavyaktigatasyaivAnekasya sadRzapariNAmasya samAnapratyayaviSayatayA pratIteH vizeSapratyayaviSayatayA vaisadRzapariNAmavat / nanu ca prativyaktibhinno yadi sadRzapariNAmaH paraM sadRzapariNAmamapekSya samAnapratyayaviSayastadA vyaktireva parAM vyaktimapekSya tathAstu vizeSAbhAvAdalaM sadRzapariNAmakalpanayeti cet __sAmAnya utpattimAn nahIM hai kyoMki utpattimAn vyakti ke pUrva vyakti antara meM sAmAnya kA jJAna hotA hai aisA kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to sAmAnya ke samAna vizeSa bhI utpattimAn nahIM hogA kyoMki vizeSa kI bhI utpatti se pUrva paryAya meM pratIti hotI hai| yadi kaho ki utpanna hone vAle vizeSa se anya (bhinna) pUrva vAlA vizeSa apane pratyaya (jJAna) kA hetu hotA hai (kyoMki vizeSa aneka haiM) to utpanna hone vAle sAmAnya se pUrva vyaktiyoM (paryAyoM) kA sAmAnya bhI bhinna hogaa| (usako bhI bhinna mAnanA cAhie) kyoMki sAmAnya bhI aneka haiN| prazna : yadi sAmAnya ko aneka mAnoge to vaha isake samAna hai, yaha isake samAna hai, isa prakAra sAmAnya jJAna kA viSaya sAmAnya padArtha nahIM hogaa| vyakti ke svAtma ke samAna vyaktyAtmaka hone se| arthAt vaise-paryAya kA apanA vyakti svarUpa AtmA sarvathA eka vyaktirUpa hone se anvaya rUpa sAmAnya jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai vaisehI vyaktirUpa sAmAnya bhI anvaya jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hogaa| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sadRza pariNAma kA vyakti se kathaMcit bheda pratIta hotA hai arthAt vyakti (sAmAnya) aura sadRza rUpa paryAya meM sarvathA abheda nahIM hai kathaMcit bheda hai aura kathaMcit abheda hai| zaMkA : vyakti ko jAti mAna lene para eka vyakti meM pUrva meM hI sadRza pariNAma rUpa jAti samAna jJAna kA viSaya ho jAyegA arthAt kevala eka vyakti ko dekha lene para yaha samAna hai', aisA jJAna ho jaayegaa| kyoMki jaina matAnusAra eka vyakti meM pUrA sadRza pariNAma rUpa sAmAnya pahale se hI vidyamAna hai? uttara : aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki vizeSa rUpa se jJAna kA viSaya hone vAle visadRza pariNAma ke samAna aneka vyaktigata aneka sadRza pariNAmoM ke samAna jJAna ke viSaya kI pratIti hotI hai arthAt jaise naiyAyikoM ke dvArA svIkRta visadRza pariNAma eka vyakti meM rahakara bhI 'yaha isa se vilakSaNa' isa prakAra bhinna-bhinna rUpa se vizeSa jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai vaise hI aneka vyaktigata nija-nija saMbaMdha ko prApta aneka sadRza pariNAma bhI yaha isake samAna hai|' isa rUpa se bhinna-bhinna sadRzoM kI pratIti hotI hai| jaise vizeSa pRthak -pRthak pAye jAte haiM, vaise sadRzatA bhI pRthak-pRthak pratIta hotI hai| zaMkA : yadi sadRza pariNAma pratyeka vyakti meM bhinna-bhinna hai tathA kevala sadRza pariNAma kI apekSA karake hI samAna jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai taba to vyakti rUpa hI huA aura vaha kevala vyakti kI apekSA
Page #91
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 78 na, visadRzavyakterapi vyaktyaMtarApekSayA samAnapratyayaviSayatvaprasaMgAt / tathA ca dadhikarabhAdayopi samAnA iti pratIyeran / nanu caikasyAM govyaktau gotvaM sadRzapariNAmo govyaktyaMtarasadRzapariNAmamapekSya yathA samAnapratyayaviSayastathA sattvAdisadRzapariNAmaM karkAdivyaktigatamapekSya sa tathAstu bhedAvizeSAttadavizeSepi zaktiH tAdRzI tasya tayA kiMcideva sadRzapariNAmaM sannidhAya tathA na sarvamiti niyamakalpanAyAM dadhivyaktirapi dadhivyaktyaMtarApekSya dadhitvapratyayatAmiyatu tAdRzazaktisaMdhAnAtkarabhAdInapekSya mAsmeya iti cet sA tarhi zaktirvyaktInAM kAsAMcideva samAnapratyayatvaheturyokA tadA jaatirevaiksaadRshyvt| taduktaM jaativaadinaa| "abhedarUpaM sAdRzyamAtmabhUtAzca zaktayaH / jAtiparyAyazabdatvameSAmabhyupavarNyate" iti| atha zaktirapi tAsAM karake hI anvaya jJAna kA viSaya ho jAyegA kyoMki sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai ataH sadRza pariNAmoM kI kalpanA karane se koI prayojana nahIM hai| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki yadi vyakti se bhinna eka sadRza pariNAma kI kalpanA nahIM kI jAyegI to visadRza vyakti ke bhI anya vyaktiyoM kI apekSA se samAna jJAna ke viSayatva kA prasaMga AyegA aura visadRza vyakti se samAna jJAna ho jAne para dahI aura U~Ta ke bacce Adi meM bhI samAnatA ho jAegI kyoMki vyakti-vyakti samAna haiN| parantu dahI aura U~Ta ke bacce meM samAnatA kA jJAna nahIM hotA ataH anumAna jJAna se nizcaya hotA hai, vyakti se kathaJcit bhinna sadRza pariNAma hI samAna jJAna kA viSaya hai| isIlie U~Ta meM U~ToM ke samAna pariNAma hai aura dadhi meM anya dadhi vyaktiyoM ke samAna pariNAma haiM, vaha U~Ta se vilakSaNa hai| zaMkA : eka vizeSa govyakti meM sadRza pariNAma rUpa gotva yadi anya go vyaktiyoM ke sadRza pariNAma rUpa gotva kI apekSA karake jaise samAna jJAna kA viSaya hai vaise hI karka, zveta ghor3A Adi vyaktigata sattva yA astipanA Adi sadRza pariNAmoM kI apekSA karake (apekSA se) vaha sadRza pariNAma hI samAna jJAna kA viSaya ho jAyegA (kyoMki inameM bheda kI avizeSatA hai (arthAt jaisA astitva, vastutva Adi dharmoM kI apekSA se ghor3A, bhaiMsA Adi meM sadRzatA hone se samAnapane kA jJAna hotA hai vaise aneka govyaktiyoM ke sadRza ghor3A Adi meM bhI samAnapane kA jJAna honA cAhie kyoMki sadRzapane meM aura vyaktipane meM koI antara nahIM hai) yadi sadRza aura vyakti meM vizeSatA na hone para bhI usa sadRza pariNAma kI vaisI eka zakti hai ,jisa zakti se kisI sadRza pariNAma kA sannidhAna karake usa prakAra kA samAna jJAna hotA hai, sarva sadRza pariNAmoM kI apekSA karake samAna jJAna nahIM hotA hai; isa prakAra niyama kI kalpanA karane para to dadhi rUpa vyakti bhI anya dadhi (dahI) rUpa aneka vyaktiyoM kI apekSA karake dadhitva jJAna ke viSayatva ko prApta ho jAyegI (kyoMki isa prakAra kI zakti kA sandhAna (mela) dadhi vyaktiyoM meM hI hai U~Ta Adi meM nahIM) ata:isa prakAra kI zakti ke sandhAna se U~Ta Adi kI apekSA karake dahI ke samAna jJAna kI viSayatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra kI zaMkA karane para AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM ki kinhIM vyaktiyoM kA samAna jJAna karAne meM kAraNabhUta zakti yadi eka hai to vaha zakti hI eka sAdRzya ke samAna jAti hai arthAt nitya aura eka hokara aneka meM rahane vAlI vastu hI jAti hai jaise vaizeSikoM ne aneka meM rahane vAle eka sAdRzya ko jAti mAnA hai| so hI jAti vAdiyoM ne kahA hai ki aneka vyaktiyoM meM rahane vAlA abheda rUpa eka sAdRzya aura padArtha kI AtmabhUta zaktiyA~ haiM
Page #92
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 79 bhinnA saiva sadRzapariNAma iti nAmamAtraM bhidyate kathaM niyatavyaktyAzrayAH kecideva sadRzapariNAmAH samAnapratyayaviSayA iti cet , zaktayaH kathaM kAzcideva niyatavyaktyAzrayAH samAnapratyayaviSayatvahetavaH? iti samaH paryanuyogaH / zaktayaHsvAtmabhUtA eva vyaktInAM svakAraNAttathopajAtA iti cet sadRzapariNAmAstathaiva sNtu| manu ca yathA vyaktayaH samAnA etA iti pratyayastatsamAnapariNAmaviSayastathA samAnapariNAmA ete iti tatra samAnapratyayopi tadaparasamAnapariNAmaheturastu / tathA cAnavasthAnaM / yadi punaH samAnapariNAmeSu svasamAnapariNAmAbhAvepi samAnapratyayastadA khaMDAdivyaktiSu kiM smaanprinnaamklpnyaa| nityaikavyApisAmAnyavattadanupapatteriti cet kathamidAnImarthAnAM visadRzapariNAmA vizeSapratyayaviSayAH? unako hI jAti paryAyavAcI zabda se svIkAra kiyA hai arthAt abheda rUpa sAdRzya aura AtmabhUta zaktiyoM ko hI jAti kahate haiN| yadi kaho ki vyaktiyoM kI zakti pRthak -pRthak hai (eka nitya jAti rUpa nahIM hai) to hama usa sadRza pariNAma rUpa zakti ko hI jAti kahate haiM ataH sadRza pariNAma rUpa zakti aura jAti meM nAmabheda hai, arthabheda nahIM hai| _ zaMkA : niyamita vizeSa vyakti ke AzrayabhUta koI bhI sadRza pariNAma samAna jJAna ke viSaya kaise ho sakate haiM ? uttara : to niyamita vyaktiyoM ke Azraya meM rahane vAlI koI zaktiyA~ samAna jJAna kA viSaya kaise ho sakatI haiM ? isa prakAra tumhArA aura hamArA prazna samAna hI hai (arthAt jaisA niyata vyakti ke Azraya meM rahane vAlI zaktiyoM kA samAna jJAna hotA hai vaise niyata vyakti vizeSa meM rahane vAle sadRza pariNAma bhI samAna jJAna ke viSaya hote haiN|) yadi kaho ki vyaktiyoM (vizeSa) kI svabhAvabhUta hI zaktiyA~ haiM arthAt zakti vyakti kA nijasvabhAva hai isalie ve apane kAraNa se utpanna hotI haiM aura samAna jJAna kA viSaya hotI haiM to hama bhI kaha sakate hai ki sadRza pariNAma bhI apane kAraNoM se utpanna hokara samAna jJAna kA viSaya hote haiM kyoMki ye donoM samAna hai ata: jina kAraNoM se gau utpanna hotI hai unhIM kAraNoM se gau ke sadRza pariNAma bhI utpanna hote haiN| ve gau meM samAna jJAna karAne meM kAraNa haiM, visadRza vyaktiyoM meM nhiiN| - zaMkA : jaise ye vyaktiyA~ (gau Adi paryAyeM) samAna haiM isa prakAra kA jJAna usa samAna pariNati kA viSaya karane vAlA hai, usI prakAra aneka gauoM meM rahane vAle ye samAna pariNAma haiN| una samAna pariNAmoM meM hone vAlA samAna jJAna bhI usa samAna jJAna se bhinna samAna pariNAmoM kA kAraNa hai to anavasthA doSa AyegA. aura usa anavasthA doSa ko dUra karane ke lie yadi samAna pariNAmoM meM apane samAna pariNAmoM ke binA bhI samAna jJAna ho jAtA hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai to khaNDa, muNDa, zAvaleya Adi vyakti (govyaktiyoM)meM sadRzarUpa samAna pariNAma kI kalpanA se kyA prayojana hai arthAt kucha bhI nahIM, aisI dazA meM jaise nitya, eka aura vyApaka (aneka vyakti meM rahane vAlA) sAmAnya padArtha nahIM banatA, usI prakAra jainamata meM kathita sadRza pariNAma bhI siddha nahIM hotaa| samAdhAna : yadi sadRza pariNAma siddha nahIM hote haiM to isa samaya yA isa vicAra meM padArthoM ke visadRza pariNAma jJAna ke hetu rUpa vizeSa kaise siddha ho skeNge| yadi kaho ki apane
Page #93
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 80 svavisadRzapariNAmAMtarebhya iti cedanavasthAnaM / svata eveti cetsarvatra visadRzaparikalpanAnarthakyaM / svakAraNAdupajAtAH sarve visadRzapratyayaviSayAH svabhAvata eveti cet , samAnapratyayaviSayAste svabhAvata: svakAraNAdupajAyamAnAH kiM nAnumanyate tathA pratItyapalApe phalAbhAvAt / kevalaM svasvabhAvo vizeSapratyayaviSayorthAnAM visadRzapariNAmaH,samAnapratyayaviSayaH sadRzapariNAma iti vyapadizyate na punrvypdeshyH| sAmarthya vA tattAdRzamiti paryaMte vyavasthApayituM yuktaM, tato lokayAtrAyAH prvRttynupptteH| visadRza pariNAmAntara se, dUsare pariNAmoM se vizeSA kI siddhi hotI hai to isameM anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt jaise vizeSa jJAna ke lie visadRza pariNAmoM kI AvazyakatA hai usI prakAra visadRza pariNAmoM ko bhI paraspara vizeSatA lAne ke lie apane se atirikta dUsare visadRza pariNAmoM kI apekSA hogI aura una visadRza pariNAmoM meM bhI anya tIsare visadRza pariNAmoM se hI vizeSatA ho skegii| isa prakAra anavasthA visadRza pariNAmoM meM bhI AyegI arthAt jaise sadRza pariNAmoMko mAnane meM anavasthA kahate ho to usI prakAra visadRza pariNAmoM meM bhI anavasthA doSa AtA hai| ataH visadRza pariNAmoM kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai| yadi kaho ki apane-apane kAraNoM se utpanna hue sarva padArtha svabhAva se hI visadRza jJAna ke viSaya hote haiM to apane-apane kAraNoM se utpanna hone vAle sarva (gau ghaTa Adi) padArtha bhI svabhAva se samAna jJAna kA viSaya hote haiM, aisA kyoM nahIM mAnate ho (kyoMki jaise visadRza kI pratIti hotI hai vaisI sadRza kI pratIti bhI hotI hai) ata: prasiddha pratIti kA apalApa karane meM phala kA abhAva hai, koI lAbha nahIM hai| samAna aura vizeSa donoM hI vastu ke svabhAva haiM, kevala vastu kA apanA svabhAva jo vizeSa jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai vaha aMza visadRza pariNAma hai aura jo tAdAtmya nija svabhAva padArthoM ke samAna jJAna ke gocara hotA hai, vaha aMza sadRza pariNAma hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai| parantu vastu kA svabhAva sarvathA avAcya nahIM hai arthAt jaise bauddha loga vizeSa padArtha ko avAcya mAnate haiM vaisA sAmAnya padArtha (guNa) aura vizeSa padArtha avAcya nahIM hai| kisI prakAra bhI jaba sAmAnya ke binA vizeSa siddha nahIM hotA taba anta meM mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kA sAmarthya hai jo sadRza kA jJAna karA detA hai parantu vaha sAmarthya bhI samAna (sadRza) kI vyavasthA karane meM yukta nahIM hai kyoMki isase lokayAtrA (vyavahAra) kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI arthAt sAdRzya ko vAstavika aura vAcya svIkAra kie binA padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| neyAyika loga jAti AkRti aura vyakti ina tInoM ko pada kA vAcya artha mAnate haiM ata: gau zabda se gotva jAti tathA gau kA AkAra aura govyakti kahI jAtI hai| kevala AkRti ko hI pada kA vAcya artha mAnane vAle kahate haiM ki anvaya sahita sadRza jJAna kA viSaya racanA (AkRti) vizeSa hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yadi sadRza jJAna kA viSaya racanA vizeSa hai to vaha katipaya kucha parimita vyaktiyoM meM hI kyoM hai, anya vyaktiyoM meM kyoM nahIM hai arthAt gau kA AkAra gau meM hI kyoM hai, U~Ta Adi meM kyoM nahIM hai ? yadi kaho ki svakAraNa ke vaza vaha vizeSa racanA parimita vyaktiyoM meM hai, anya vyaktiyoM meM nahIM hai to hama pUchate
Page #94
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 81 saMnivezavizeSastatpratyayaviSayo vyapadizyata iti cet , sa kathaM parimitAsveva vyaktiSu na punaranyAsu syaat| svahetuvazAditi cet sa eva hetustatpratyayaviSayostu kiM saMnivezena, sopi hetuH kutaH parimitAsveva vyaktiSu syAditi samAnaH paryanuyogaH / svahetoriti cet sopi kuta ityaniSTAnAM / paryaMte nityo heturupeyate anavasthAnapariharaNasamartha iti cet prathamata eva sobhyupeyatAM saMnivezavizeSaprasavAya / sopi kutaH parimitAsveva vyaktiSu saMnivezavizeSa prasUte na punaranyAsviti vAcyaM / svabhAvAttAdRzAtsAmarthyAdvA vyapadezyAditi cet tarhi tena vAggocarAtItena svabhAvena sAmarthyena vA vacanamArgAvatArivastunibaMdhanA lokayAtrA pravartata iti / samabhyadhAyi bhrtRhrinnaa| "svabhAvo vyapadezyo vA sAmarthyaM vAvatiSThate / sarvasyAMte yatastasmAdvyavahAro na kalpate' iti / tasmAdvAggocaravastunibandhanaM lokavyavahAramanurudhyamAnairvyapadezyaivajAti:sadRzapariNAmalakSaNA sphuttmessitvyaa| haiM ki vaha apanA hetu hI sadRza jJAna kA viSaya hogA, sanniveza (AkAra) ke mAnane kA kyA prayojana hai arthAt svahetu hI sadRza ko jAnatA hai aisA kahanA cAhie, sanniveza ko kAraNa mAnanA vyartha hai| tathA isameM bhI jijJAsA banI rahatI hai ki racanA vizeSa kA kAraNa vaha svahetu bhI parimita vyaktiyoM meM kyoM rahatA hai, anya vyaktiyoM meM kyoM nhiiN| usa hetu ke lie bhI yadi dUsarA svahetu mAneMge to anavasthA doSa AyegA, vaha aniSTa hai| anta meM yadi anavasthA doSa ko dUra karane meM samartha nitya hetu ko svIkAra karate haiM to racanA vizeSa kI utpatti ke lie prathama hI nitya hetu ko svIkAra karanA caahie| yadi nitya hetu ko racanA vizeSa kA kAraNa mAna bhI liyA jAye to vaha nitya hetu kucha vyaktiyoM meM hI racanA vizeSa ko kyoM utpanna karatA hai, anya vyaktiyoM meM kyoM nahIM karatA hai, isakA hetu kahanA caahie| ___yadi kahate haiM ki nitya hetu kA aisA svabhAva vA vacanAtIta sAmarthya hai jisase vaha parimita vyaktiyoM meM hI vizeSa racanA kA nirmANa karatA hai taba to usa vacanAtIta svabhAva se vA isa prakAra ke sAmarthya (zakti vizeSa) se vacana mArga meM avatarita (vacana kA viSayabhUta) vastu ko kAraNa mAna kara vacana vyavahAra saMbaMdhI lokayAtrA pravRtta hotI hai| bhartRhari ne bhI kahA hai ki saba ke anta meM jAkara padArthoM kA vacanAtIta svabhAva vA vastu kI vizeSa zakti hI kArya ke hetupane se vyavasthita hai arthAt kArya kI utpatti meM vastu kA svabhAva hI hetu hai, kAraNa hai, anya nahIM; aisA svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| kyoMki nirvikalpa svabhAva se laukika vyavahAra nahIM cala sakatA arthAt yadyapi vastu nirvikalpa hai phira bhI lokayAtrA ke anurodha se vastu ke katipaya aMza zabda ke dvArA vAcya hote haiM ata: vacana ke gocara vastu ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hae loka vyavahAra ke anukUla calane vAle puruSoM ke dvArA sadRza pariNAma lakSaNa jAti ko svIkAra karanA caahie| usa jAti se sAdhane yogya kArya kA aura usake adhikaraNa ke dvArA siddha karanA zakya nahIM hai jaise puruSa meM 'daNDI' aisA siddha karanA zakya nahIM hai| kyoMki daNDa ke sambandha se sAdhya daNDa vAlA yaha kArya kevala daNDa ke adhikaraNabhUta puruSamAtra se siddha honA zakya nahIM hai|
Page #95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 82 tatsAdhyasya kAryasya tadadhikaraNena sAdhayitumazakteH / puruSa daMDItipratyayavadaMDasaMbaMdhena sAdhyasya tadadhikaraNena puruSamAtreNa vA sAdhayitumazakyatvAt / daMDopAditsayA daMDItipratyaya: sAdhyate iti cAyuktaM, tato daMDopAditsAvAniti pratyayasya prsuuteH| anyathA syApIcchAkAraNaiH saMstavopakAraguNadarzanAdibhiH sAdhyatvaprasaMgAt / tataH sarvasya svAnurUpapratyayaviSayatvaM vastunobhipreyatA samAnapariNAmasyaiva samAnapratyayaviSayatvamabhipretavyaM / ekatvasvabhAvasya sAmAnyasyaikatvapratyayaviSayatvaprasaMgAt / sa evAyaM gaurityekatvapratyaya eveti cet na, tsyopcrittvaat| sa iva sa iti tatsamAne tadekatvopacArAt sa gaurayamapi gauriti samAnapratyayasya skljnsaakssiksyaaskhldruuptyaanupcrittvsiddheH| kshcidaah| daMDItyAdipratyayaH paricchidyamAnadaMDasaMbaMdhAdiviSayatayA nArthAMtaraviSayaH kalpayituM zakyaH samAnapratyayastu paricchidyamAnavyaktiviSayatvAbhAvAdarthAMtaraviSayastaccArthAMtaraM sAmAnyaM pratyakSataH paricchedyamanyathA tasya ___ daNDa vAlA aisA jJAna to daNDa ke grahaNa karane ko icchA se bhI siddha ho sakatA hai aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki daNDa ke grahaNa karane kI icchA se 'daNDa grahaNa kI icchA vAlA hai' usa prakAra ke jJAna kI utpatti hotI hai, 'daNDavAna hai' isa prakAra kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| anyathA (yadi daNDa ke saMyoga se daNDavAlA na kahakara daNDa ke grahaNa karane kI icchA se daNDa vAlA kaheMge to) 'daNDa grahaNa kI icchA vAlA hai' isa jJAna ko bhI icchA ke kAraNa mAne gae stuti karanA, upakAra dikhAnA, guNadarzana karAnA Adi se bhI sAdhyapane kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt jJAna kA avalamba kAraNa padArtha hai icchA nhiiN| yadi icchA ko usa padArtha kA jJAna mAneMge to daNDa icchA ke jJAna meM icchA ke nimitta kAraNa stuti, upakAra, guNadarzana Adi bhI usake kAraNa bana jAyeMge ata: sarva padArthoM ko apane-apane anukUla jJAna kA viSayatva karane ke lie vastu ke sadRza pariNAmoM ko hI samAna isa jJAna kA viSayapanA mAna lenA caahie| yadi samAna sAmAnya kA ekatva svabhAva mAnA jAyegA to ekapane ke jJAna kI viSayatA kA prasaMga AegA arthAt ekapane kA jJAna to ho jAyegA parantu "yaha khaNDa gau isa muNDa gau ke samAna hai" aise sadRza pariNAmoM kA viSaya karane vAlA jJAna nahIM hogaa| aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki aneka gauoM meM "yaha vahI gau haiM" isa prakAra ekatva ko viSaya karane vAlA yaha jJAna upacarita hai| vastuta: citakabarI gau ko dekhakara dhaulI gau ko dekhane vAle puruSa ko usake samAna yaha gau hai' aisA jJAna honA cAhie kintu yaha bhI gau hai aura vaha bhI gau thI, isa prakAra gotvadharmase ekatva kA upacAra (Aropa) kara liyA jAtA hai| yadi paramArtharUpa se vicArA jAve to vaha baila thaa| yaha bhI vRSabha baila hai| isa prakAra sadRzapane ko viSaya karane vAlA jJAna sampUrNa manuSyoM ke sammukha bAdhArahita svarUpa se anupacarita rUpa se siddha hotA hai arthAt pratyut sadRza pariNAma hai, yaha bAta siddha hotI hai| koI kaha rahA hai ki daNDavAna, chatravAn ityAdi jJAna to parimita daNDa kA saMbaMdha niyata padArthoM ko viSaya karatA hai ata: daNDa chatra Adika se dUsare anya arthoM ko viSaya nahIM kara pAte haiN| jo parimita padArthoM ko jAnatA hai usa jJAna ko viSaya se anya vyApaka rUpa artha kalpita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu yaha isake samAna hai aisA jJAna to vyApaka vastu ko viSaya karatA hai ata: vyakti se bhinna kisI dUsare artha ko viSaya karane
Page #96
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 83 yatnopane yapratyayatvAghaTanAt niilaadivditi| tadasat / sAmAnyasya vizeSavatpratyakSatvepi yatnopanIyamAnapratyayatvAvirodhAt / pramANasaMplavasyaikatrArthe vyavasthApanAt / sAmAnyameva paricchidyamAnasvarUpaM na vizeSAsteSAM vyAvRttipratyayAnumeyatvAditi vadatopi niSeddhumazakteH / na hi vastusvarUpameva vyAvartamAnAkArapratyayasya nibaMdhanaM api tu tatsaMsargiNorthAste ca bhedahetavo yadA sakalAstirayaMte tadA sadvastu padArtha iti vA nirupAdhisAmAnyapratyayaH prasUte, yadA tu guNakarmabhyAM bhedahetavo atirobhUtAH zeSAstirodhIyate tadA dravyamiti buddhirevamavAMtarasAmAnyeSvazeSeSvapi buddhayaH pravartate bhedahetUnAM punarAvirbhUtAnAM vastunA saMsarge tatra vizeSapratyayaH / tathA ca sAmAnyameva vastusvarUpaM vizeSAstUpAdhibalAvalaMbina iti mtaantrmuptisstthet| vAlA ho jAyegA aura vaha vyaktiyoM se bhinna dasarA padArtha to nitya jAti hI hai| vaha jAtirUpa sAmAnya padArtha pratyakSa pramANa se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| anyathA sAmAnya kA pratyakSa se jJAna nahIM mAnA jAvegA to usa sAmAnya ko prayatna ke pIche sAmAnyalakSaNA pratyAsatti se kiyA jAnA ghaTita nahIM hogaa| jaise nIla pIta Adika guNa puruSArtha se pratyakSa jAna liye jAte haiM vaise hI prayatna karane para sAmAnya kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| AcArya kahate haiM aisA kahanA bhI satya nahIM hai kyoMki - - sadRzapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya ko vizeSa vyakti ke samAna pratyakSa kA viSaya mAna lene para prayatna ke dvArA jAna lene meM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki naiyAyika, jaina, mImAMsaka ye saba pramANasaMplava ko svIkAra karate haiM, eka artha meM bahuta se apUrvArthagrAhI pramANoM kI pravRtti honA pramANasaMplava kahalAtA hai| jaise eka hI agni Agama anumAna aura pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya hotI hai| tathA sAmAnya hI jAnane yogya vastu kA svarUpa hai vizeSa koI padArtha nahIM hai arthAt kAlI gAya zveta gAya se pRthak hai, ityAdi vyAvRtti ko jAnane vAle jJAna se vizeSoM kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai ata: vizeSa pratyakSa nahIM hote haiM arthAt vizeSa pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai aisA kahane vAle kA bhI tuma niSedha nahIM kara skte| pRthakbhUta AkAra kA ullekha karAne vAle jJAna kA kAraNa vastu kA svarUpa hI hai ataH vizeSa padArtha hI vastu kA tadAtmaka rUpa hai, sAmAnya vastubhUta nahIM hai aisA nahIM samajhanA kyoMki usa vastu ke svarUpa se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle jo padArtha haiM ve sarva padArtha bheda ke (vyAvRtti ke) kAraNa haiM jisa samaya bheda ke kAraNa saMpUrNa chipa jAte haiM taba sAmAnya dharmoM kI apekSA se sat hai, vastu hai, padArtha hai, prameya hai| isa prakAra kA nirvizeSa sAmAnya jJAna utpanna hotA hai kintu jisa samaya guNa aura kriyA se bheda ke kAraNa pragaTa ho jAte haiM tathA zeSa zuddha vyApaka sAmAnya chipa jAte haiM taba dravya hai, jIva hai, isa prakAra kI upAdhisahita buddhi hI utpanna hotI hai| isake madhyavartI sampUrNa sAmAnyoM meM bhI vaisI viparIta buddhiyA~ pravartatI rahatI haiN| punaH pragaTa hue bheda ke kAraNoM kA vastu ke sAtha saMbaMdha ho jAne para vahA~ vizeSa jJAna ho jAtA hai ataH siddha hotA hai ki sAmAnya hI vastu kA svarUpa hai aura vizeSa to vizeSaNoM ke sAmarthya kA avalamba rakhate hue aupAdhika bhAva hai vAstavika nahIM isa prakAra kA eka bhinnamata siddhAnta upasthita ho jaayegaa|
Page #97
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 84 vastuvizeSA nopAdhikA yatnopaneyapratyayatvAbhAvAt svayaM pratIyamAnatvAditi cet tata eva sAmAnyamaupAdhika maabhuut| sAmAnyavizeSayorvastusvabhAvatve sarvatrobhayapratyayaprasaktiriti cet kiM punastayorekatarapratyaya eva kvcidsti| darzanakAle sAmAnyapratyayasyAbhAvAdvizeSapratyaya evAstIti cet na, tadApi sadrvyatvAdisAmAnyapratyayasya sdbhaavaadubhyprtyysiddheH| prathamamekAM gAM pazyannapi hi sadAdinA sAdRzyaM tatrArthAntareNa vyavasyatyeva anyathA tdbhaavprsNgaat| prathamamavagrahe sAmAnyasyaiva pratibhAsanAnnobhayapratyayaH sarvatreti cAyuktaM, varNasaMsthAnAdisamAnapariNAmAtmano vastuno'rthAMtarAdvisadRzapariNAmAtmanazcAvagrahe prtibhaasnaat| ___ bauddha kahate haiM ki vastu ke vizeSa vAstavika haiM, aupAdhika nahIM haiM kyoMki vizeSoM ko jAnane ke lie prayatna karane kA abhAva hai| ve vastu meM svayaM hI pratIta ho jAte haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki yadi aisA kahoge taba to sAmAnya ko jAnane ke lie bhI prayatna kA abhAva hone se sAmAnya bhI aupAdhika nahIM hogaa| yadi sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM ko vastu kA svabhAva mAnoge taba to sarva hI viSayoM meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM ke jJAna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| phira kyA una donoM meM se eka hI kA kahIM jJAna honA dekhA gayA hai? bhAvArtha : sabhI sthaloM para donoM kA hI eka sAtha jJAna ho jAtA hai, akele-akele kA nahIM ataH donoM hI vastu ke tadAtmaka aMza haiN| svalakSaNa ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpaka pratyakSarUpa darzana ke samaya meM sAmAnya ko jAnane vAle jJAna kA abhAva hai| ataH yahA~ kevala vizeSa kA hI jJAna hotA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki usa samaya bhI sat, dravya, padArthatva Adi sAmAnyoM ko jAnane vAlA jJAna vidyamAna hai| ata: sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM ko jAna lenA nirvikalpaka pratyakSa meM bhI siddha ho jAtA hai| sabase pahale eka gau ko dekhane vAlA puruSa bhI satpanA dravyapanA padArthapanA Adi dharmoM se dUsare ghaTa,azva Adi padArthoM ke sAtha usameM sAdRzya kA nizcaya kara hI letA hai anyathA usa sadRzapane ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA sabase prathama hue avagraha meM vastu ke sAmAnya dharmoM kA pratibhAsa hotA hai, vizeSoM kA nahIM ata: sabhI jJAnoM meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai aisA kahanA bhI ayukta hai kyoMki rUpa, rasa tathA AkRti, racanA Adi samAna pariNAma svarUpa vastu kA aura anya padArthoM kI apekSA se prApta hue visadRza pariNAma svarUpa usI vastu kA avagraha meM pratibhAsa hotA hai arthAt kisI bhI jJAna meM akele sAmAnya kA yA kevala vizeSa kA pratibhAsa hotA hI nahIM hai| kisI jJAna meM yadi sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM kI pratIti na hove to bhI vastu ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM dharmasvarUpa kA virodha nahIM hai| pratyeka jIva meM viziSTa kSayopazama kI apekSA bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke jJAnoM kI utpatti hotI hai| jaisI vastu hogI vaisA hUbahU jJAna utpanna hogA taba to cAhe jisa kisI ko anAdi ananta vastu ke jJAna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| bhAvArtha : atIta, anAgata, ananta pariNamanoM ke aviSvagbhAva saMbaMdharUpa piNDa ko vastu kahate haiN| kisI bhI vastu ko dekhakara usake anAdi anantaparyAyoM kA jJAna ho jAnA caahie| yadi jaisI vastu hai ThIka vaisA hI usakA jJAna mAnA jAvegA to bauddhoM ko
Page #98
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 85 kvacidubhayapratyayAsattvepi vA na vastunaH sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatvavirodhaH, pratipuruSaM kSayopazamavizeSApekSayA prtyysyaavirbhaavaat| yathA vastusvabhAvaM pratyayotpattau kasyacidanAdyaMtavastupratyayaprasaMgAt parasya svrgpraapnnshktyaadinirnnyaanussNgaat| tato vizeSapratyayAdvizeSamurarIkurvatA samAnapratyayAtsAmAnyamurarIkartavyamiti pratItiprasiddhA jAtinimittAMtaraM tathA dravyaM vakSyamANaM guNAH kriyA ca pratItisiddheti na tannimittAMtaratvamasiddhaM vaktRabhiprAyAt yena kalpanAropitAnAmeva jAtyAdInAM zabdairabhidhAnAtkalpanaiva zabdAnAM viSaya: syAt , paMcatayI vA zabdAnAM pravRttirabAdhitA na bhvet|| jAti: sarvasya zabdasya padArtho nitya ityasan / vyaktisaMpratyayAbhAvaprasaMgAddhvanitaH sadA // 15 // ___ kshcidaah| jAtireva sarvasya zabdasyArthaH sarvadAnuvRttipratyayaparicche ye vastusvabhAve zAbdavyavahAradarzanAt / yathaiva hi goriti zabdonuvRttipratyayaviSaye gotve pravartate iti jAtistathA nirvikalpaka pratyakSadvArA hI svargaprApaNazakti tathA hiMsA karane vAle citta kI naraka prApaNa zakti Adi kA bhI nirNaya usI samaya ho jAne kA prasaMga bhI aayegaa| ____ ata: vizeSa ko jAnane vAle jJAna kI sAmarthya se vizeSa padArtha ko svIkAra karane vAle bauddhoM ko samIcIna samAna jJAna se niIta kiye gaye sAmAnya (sAdRzya) ko bhI svIkAra kara lenA caahie| isa prakAra pratItiyoM se prasiddha jAti (sadRza pariNAma) nAma nikSepa kA nimittAntara ho jAtI hai| ata: jaina vaktA ke abhiprAya ko nimitta pAkara aura sadRza pariNAma rUpa jAti ko nimittAntara mAnakara gau, zabda pravRtta hote haiN| jaise bhaviSya meM kahe jAne yogya sat rUpa dravya aura sahabhAvI pariNAmarUpa guNa tathA parispandarUpa kriyAyeM bhI prAmANika pratItiyoM se prasiddha haiN| ata: nimittarUpa vaktA ke abhiprAya se nirAle dravya guNa aura kriyAoM ko dravyazabda, guNa zabda aura kriyA zabdoM kA nimittAntarapanA asiddha nahIM hai jisase ki zabda ko pramANa - na mAnane vAle bauddhoM ke matAnusAra kalpanA meM Aropita kiye gaye hI jAti, dravya, guNa aura kriyAoM kA zabdoM ke dvArA kathana kiye jAne se kalpanA hI zabdoM kA viSaya hotI hai aura zabdoM kI pA~ca prakAra se pravRtti bAdhA rahita nahIM hotI hai arthAt jAti, guNa, kriyA, saMyogI samavAyI dravya, yadRcchA ye saba vAstavika padArtha haiM unako kahane vAle pA~ca prakAra ke zabdoM kI nirbAdha pravRtti ho rahI hai| (yahA~ taka sadRza pariNAma rUpa jAti ko siddha karate hue zabdoM kI pravRtti kA mukhya kAraNa mAne gaye vAstavika jAti dravya Adika kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai|) * sarva hI zabdoM kA artha jAtisvarUpa nitya padArtha hai, isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kA kahanA satya nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA kahane se zabdoM se sadA hI vizeSa vyaktiyoM ke jJAna ho jAne ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt gau zabda ke dvArA gotva jAti ko jAnA jAyegA to gau vyakti kA gau zabda se kabhI jJAna na ho skaa||15|| ___ koI prativAdI kahatA hai ki dravyazabda, guNazabda Adi sarva hI zabdoM kA artha jAti hI hai| sarva hI kAloM meM vaisA kA vaisA hI anuvRtti jJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye jAti svarUpa vastu svabhAva meM zabdajanya
Page #99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 86 zuklazabdastathAvidhezuklatve pravartamAno na gunnshbdH| caratizabdazcaraNasAmAnye pravRtto na kriyAzabdaH, viSANIti zabdopi viSANitvasAmAnye vRttimAtrasamavAyidravyazabdaH, daMDIti zabdazca daMDitvasAmAnye vRttimupagacchanna saMyogidravyazabda:, Ditthazabdopi bAlakumArayuvamadhyasthaviraDitthAvasthAsu pratIyamAne DitthatvasAmAnye pravartamAno na yadRcchAzabdaH / kathaM jAtizabdo jAtiviSaya: syAjjAtau jAtyaMtarasyAbhAvAdanyathAnavasthAnuSaMgAditi ca na codyaM, jAtiSvapi jAtyaMtarasyopagamAjAtInAmAnaMtyAt / yathAkAMkSAkSayaM vyvhaarprismaapternvsthaanaasNbhvaat| vyavahAra hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai kyoMki jaise gau yaha zabda to gau hai, gau hai, aise vaise ke vaise hI pIche vartane vAle jJAnoM ke viSaya hone vAle gotva jAti meM pravartatA hai ata: usako jAti kahate haiM, vaise hI guNazabda ke dvArA mAnA gayA zuklazabda bhI usI prakAra kI zuklatva jAti meM pravartatA hai ataH zukla guNa meM bhI jAti rahatI hai| eka zukla ko dekhakara aneka zukla varNoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai ata: zukla zabda ko bhI jAti zabda mAnanA cAhie, guNazabda nahIM tathA gamana karanA, bhakSaNa karanA rUpa kriyA ko kahane vAlA carati zabda bhI caranArUpa sAmAnya meM pravRtta hotA hai| kriyA meM bhI sAmAnya (jAti) rahatI hai ata: carati, gacchati Adi kriyA zabda bhI jAti zabda haiM svatantra kriyAzabda nahIM haiN| viSANI zabda bhI viSANatva jAti meM rahatA hai, ata: jAti zabda hai,samavAya vAle dravya ko kahane vAlA samavAyI dravya zabda nahIM hai aura daNDI yaha zabda bhI daNDitva rUpa jAti meM vRtti ko prApta ho rahA hai ata: jAti zabda hai, saMyogI dravya yA zabda nahIM hai isa prakAra kisI eka manuSya ko kahane vAlA Dittha zabda bhI usa Dittha jIva kI bAlaka, kumAra, yuvA, madhya Adi avasthA meM vyavahAra kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai ata: Ditthatva jAti meM pravRtti karatA huA Dittha zabda bhI jAtizabda hai, eka vyakti meM rahane vAlA dharma jAti nahIM hotA hai kintu eka vyakti kI nAnA avasthAoM meM rahane vAlA Ditthatva dharma jAti bana jAtA hai| ataH Dittha zabda icchA ke anusAra kalpita kiyA gayA yadRcchAzabda nahIM hai kintu jAti zabda hai| jAti antara kA abhAva hone se jAti meM jAtiviSayaka jAti zabda kaise ho sakatA hai ? anyathA anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| isake pratyuttara meM mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| ___kyoMki jAtiyoM meM bhI dUsarI aneka jAtiyA~ svIkAra kI haiN| jAtiyA~ ananta haiM, parimita nhiiN| jisa puruSa kI jitanI do cAra bIsa sau pA~ca sau koTi calakara AkAMkSA kA kSaya hote hue tadanusAra vyavahAra kI parisamApti ho jAtI hai| usase Age anavasthA kA honA sambhava nahIM hai arthAt kisI bhI puruSa kA kisI bhI anya puruSa ke lie pitA, pitAmaha, prapitAmaha Adi kA prazna karane para kucha koTi ke pIche AkAMkSA svataH zAnta ho hI jAtI hai| yadi AkAMkSA zAnta na hove to anavasthA hone do, koI kSati nhiiN| kArya kAraNabhAva kA bhaMga nahIM honA caahie| aise hI jAtiyoM meM bhI samajha lenA / jJApaka pakSa meM kucha dUra cala kara AkAMkSAoM kA kSaya ho jAne se anavasthA vahIM TUTa jAtI hai|
Page #100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 87 kAlo digAkAzamiti zabdAH kathaM jAtiviSayAH kAlAdiSu jAterasaMbhavAtteSAmeka-dravyatvAdityapi na zaMkanIyaM, kAlazabdasya truTilavAdikAlabhedeSvanusyUtapratyayAvacche ye kAlatvasAmAnye pravartanAt / pUrvAparAdidigbhedeSvanvayajJAnagamye diktvasAmAnye dikchabdasya pravRtteH / pATaliputracitrakUTAdyAkAzabhedeSvanusyUtapratItigocare cAkAzasAmAnye pravartamAnasyAkAzazabdasya sNprtyyaajaatishbdtvopptteH| kAlAdInAmupacaritA eva bhedA na paramArthasaMta iti darzanena tajjAtirapyupacaritA teSvastu / tathA ca upacaritajAtizabdA: kAlAdaya iti na vyaktizabdAH / kathamatattvazabdo jAtau pravartata iti ca nopAlaMbhaH, tattvasAmAnyasyaiva vicaaritsyaatttvshbdenaabhidhaanaat| taduktaM / "na tattvAtattvayorbheda iti vRddhebhya aagmH| atattvamiti manyate tttvmevaavibhaavitm||" iti| etena prAgabhAvAdizabdAnAM bhAvasAmAnye vRttiruktA, _____eka dravya hone ke kAraNa kAla AdikoM meM rahane vAle kAlatva Adi jAtiyoM kI asambhavatA hai ataH kAla, dik aura AkAza ye zabda jAti ko viSaya karane vAle jAti zabda kaise kahe jA sakeMge ? mImAMsaka samajhAte haiM ki isa prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki kAlazabda bhI kAlatva jAti meM rahatA hai| kAla dravya eka nahIM haiM kintu pala, vipala, truTi, lava, zvAsa, ghar3I, muhUrta, dina, pakSa, mAsa, Rtu, ayana Adi kAla-bhedoM meM anvaya rUpa se anubhUta hokara jJAna ke dvArA kAlatva sAmAnya jAnA jAtA hai ata: kAla zabda aisA hone para jAti ko kahane vAlA jAti zabda hai| aneka vyaktiyoM meM pAye jAne vAle kAlatva sAmAnya meM rahane vAlA hai tathA yaha pUrva dizA hai, vaha pazcima bhI dizA hai aura yaha uttara bhI dizA hai ityAdi prakAra ke anvaya jJAna se vyakti pUrva, pazcima, uttara, Adi dizA ke bhedoM meM diktva sAmAnya saba meM rahatA hai, ata: dikzabda kI pravRtti diktva jAti meM hai| paTanA, citrakUTa Adi AkAza ke vizeSa bhedoM meM anvayajJAna kA viSaya hone vAlA AkAzatva jAti meM AkAza zabda rahatA hai ataH AkAza zabda ko bhI jAti zabdapanA siddha hotA hai| kAla, dizA aura AkAza to vastutaH eka-eka dravya haiM, ghar3I, mAsa, pUrva-pazcima, citrakUTa-paTanA Adi bheda to vyavahAra se hI kara liye gaye haiN| paramArtharUpa se akhaNDa dravya meM sadbhUta bheda nahIM ho sakate haiM, aisA siddhAnta mAnane para to hama jAtivAdI kaha deMge ki unameM vaha kAlatva, diktva, AkAzatva jAtiyA~ bhI vyavahAra se hI sthApita kara lI jAne para koI hAni na hogI ata: yahI siddha huA ki kAla Adika zabda upacAra se mAnI gayI jAti ke pratipAdana karane vAle zabda haiM, ekAMta rUpa se vyakti ko kahane vAle zabda nahIM haiN| zaMkA : atattva zabda jAti meM kaise rahegA ? kyoMki atattva koI vastubhUta nahIM hai ata: usameM rahane vAlI koI atattva jAti nahIM ho sakatI hai| mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki yaha ulAhanA denA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki hama atattvoM kA aura tattvoM kA sarvathA niSedha karane vAlA tuccha abhAva padArtha nahIM mAnate haiM apitu tattva sAmAnya kA niSedha karate haiM kyoMki nahIM vicArI huI tattva jAti hI atattva isa zabda ke dvArA kahI jAtI hai, so hI kahA hai ki "tattva aura atattvoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai|" isa prakAra vRddha puruSoM se calA AyA huA Agama pramANa hai| nahIM vicAre hue tattva ko hI atattva aisA mAnate haiN| usa atattva yA atattvoM meM vastubhUta jAti ThaharatI hai|
Page #101
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 88 prAgabhAvAdInAM bhAvasvabhAvatvAdanyathA nirupAkhyatvApatteriti / tdetdstym| sarvadA jaatishbdaadvyktisNprtyysyaabhaavaanussNgaat| tathA cArthAkriyArthinaH pratipattRRn prati zabdaprayogonarthakaH syaat| tataH pratIyamAnayA jAtyAbhipretArthasya vAhadohAderasaMpAdanAt / svaviSayajJAnamAtrArthakriyAyAH saMpAdanAdadoSa iti cenna, tadvijJAnamAtreNa vyavahAriNaH pryojnaabhaavaat| na zabdajAtau lakSitAyAmarthakriyArthinAM vyaktau pravRttirutpadyate ati prsNgaat|| zabdena lakSitA jAtirvyaktIrlakSayati svkaaH| saMbaMdhAdityapi vyktmshbdaarthjnytehitm||16|| isa pUrvokta kathana se yaha bAta bhI kahI gayI samajha lenA cAhie ki prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva Adi padArtha tuccha abhAva rUpa nahIM haiM kintu bhAva sAmAnya meM inakI vRtti kahI gayI hai ataH ye padArtha hI haiN| ataH prAgabhAva, dhvaMsa Adi zabdoM kI pravRtti bhAvoM meM rahane vAlI jAtiyoM meM hai| yadi prAgabhAva AdikoM ko bhAva svabhAva na mAnakara anya prakAra se tuccha abhAva mAneMge taba to abhAva padArtha ko upAkhyA rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt usa abhAva kA vacanoM se kathana hI nahIM kara skeNge| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kathana karane para jainAcArya khaNDana karate haiM ki jAti hI saba zabdoM kA artha hai| yahA~ se lekara nirupAkhyapane kI Apatti dene taka kisI kA kahanA sarva asatya hai kyoMki yadi zabdoM ke dvArA jAtiyoM kA hI nirUpaNa kiyA jAvegA to una sabhI jAti zabdoM se sadA gau Adi vyaktiyoM ke jJAna hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA tathA arthakriyA ke cAhane vAle jJAtA kA zrotAoM ke prati zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hogA tathA arthakriyA ko nahIM karane vAlA padArtha vAstavika padArtha nahIM hai tathA zabda ke dvArA jAnI gayI jAti se lAdanA, dohanA Adi hamAre abhISTa arthoM kA saMpAdana nahIM hotA hai ata: sabhI zabdoM kA jAti rUpa artha mAnanA ayukta hai| zaMkA : gotva jAti Adi bhI svayaM jJAna ke viSayabhUta apanA jJAna karA dene rUpa arthakriyA kI saMpAdaka hai ata: jAti hI saba kucha hai, yaha kathana nirdoSa hai| samAdhAna : aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki khAnA-pInA Adi vyavahAra ko karane vAle puruSa kA usa jAti ko kevala viSaya karane vAle jJAna se koI prayojana nahIM sadhatA hai arthAt jaisA gau, ghaTa, paTa ina vyaktiyoM se DhonA, duhanA, jaladhAraNa, zIta ko dUra karanA Adi vAJchanIya arthakriyAe~ hotI haiM ye kriyAe~ gau Adika ke jJAna se nahIM hone pAtI haiM ata: gotva Adi jAtiyA~ bhI kisI kAma kI nahIM haiN| zabda jAti meM lakSita arthakriyA se arthiyoM kI vyakti meM pravRtti utpanna hotI hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai isI ko spaSTa karate haiM ki zabda ke dvArA pahale jAti kahI jAtI hai, tadanantara jAti aura vyakti kA samavAya saMbaMdha hone ke kAraNa yaha jAti apanI AdhArabhUta vyaktiyoM kA lakSaNA vRtti se jJAna karA detI hai| isa prakAra kA kathana bhI pragaTa rUpa se zabda zAstra aura arthazAstra ko na jAnane vAle kI ceSTA hai| zabda se pahale jAti jAnI jAtI hai aura phira anumAna se vyaktirUpa artha jAnA jAtA hai| aisI dazA meM zabda kA prasiddha vAcyaM artha to anumAna
Page #102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 89 tathAhyanumiterartho vyaktirjAti: punardhvaneH / kvAnyathAkSArthatAbAdhA zabdArthasyApi sidhyatu // 17 // akSaNAnugataH zabdo jAtiM prtyaayyedih| saMbaMdhAt sApi niHzeSA svavyaktIriti tnnyH||18|| ___ dravyatvajAti: zabdena lakSitA dravyaM lakSayati tatra tasyAH smvaayaat| guNatvajAtirguNaM karmatvajAti: krm| tata eva dravyaM tu samavetasamavAyAtpratyApayati / vivakSAsAmAnyaM tu zabdAtpratItaM vivakSitArthaM saMyuktasamavAyAderityetadazabdArthajJatAyA eva vijUMbhitaM / dravyaguNakarmaNAM vivakSitArthAnAM caivamanumeyAnAM shbdaarthtvaabhidhaanaat| zabdAtparaMparayA teSAM pratIyamAnatvAt zabdArthatve kathamakSArthatA na syAdakSAtparaMparAyAH pratIyamAnatvAt / zabdo hi zrotreNAvagato jAtiM pratyAyaH yati sApi svavyaktIriti sarvaH zabdArthokSArtha eva / kA viSaya ho gyaa| anyathA yAnI yadi anumAna se vyakti kA jJAna nahIM karoge to kauna sI vyakti meM zabda kI vAcyatA kahoge ? zabda se jAti jAnI jAtI hai aura jAti se vyakti lakSita hotI hai ataH zabda se hI paramparA se vyakti kA jJAna huaa| yadi aisA kahoge taba to zabda ke vAcyArtha ko indriyoM kA viSayapanA bhI bAdhA rahita siddha ho jaayegaa| zrotra indriya se pahale zabda kA zrAvaNa pratyakSa hotA hai pIche vaha zabda zAbda bodha praNAlI se jAti kA jJAna karAtA hai| tatpazcAt ina vyaktiyoM meM jAti kA saMbaMdha hone se vaha jAti bhI apane AzrayabhUta sampUrNa vyaktiyoM ko lakSita karA detI hai, isa prakAra una mImAMsakoM kI nIti hai| yahA~ paramparA se vAcyArtha ko zrotra indriya kA viSayapanA prApta ho jAtA hai kintu yaha kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai||1617-18|| - koI kahatA hai ki dravya zabda ke dvArA jAti, dravyatva jAti lakSaNA vRtti se dravya vyakti kA jJAna karA detI hai kyoMki usa dravya meM dravyatva jAti kA samavAya saMbaMdha hai; guNatva jAti guNa (vyakti) ko lakSita kara detI hai tathA bhramaNa, calana, saraNa, tiryapavana Adi kriyA zabda bhI karmatva jAti ko kahate haiN| usa karmatva jAti se karmapadArtha lakSita ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra samaveta samavAyarUpa paramparA saMbaMdha se guNatva, karmatva jAtiyA~ dravya kA bhI nirNaya karA detI haiN| Dittha zabda se to vaktA saMbaMdhI bolane kI icchA meM rahane vAlI icchAtva jAti kI arthAt vivakSA sAmAnya kI pratIti hotI hai aura jAti se vivakSita artha kI saMyukta samavAya yA saMyukta samaveta samavAya Adi saMbaMdhoM se jJapti ho jAtI hai| aba graMthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra yaha kathana zabda aura artha ke sUkSma tattvoM ko jAnane pana kA hI vilAsa hai, isameM koI sAra nahIM hai| .. koI kahate haiM ki anumAna ke viSayabhUta vivakSita artha dravyaguNa karmoM ke zabdArtha kA kathana kiyA hai kyoMki zabda se jAti aura jAti se vyakti isa prakAra paramparA se zabda ke dvArA hI una dravya guNa karma aura vyaktiyoM kI pratIti hotI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki una dravya guNa Adi ko zabdArtha mAna lene para una dravya guNa karmoM ke indriyoM kA viSayapanA bhI kyoM nahIM prApta hogaa| kyoMki indriyoM ke dvArA bhI paramparA se dravya Adika pratIta hote haiN| jaba zrotra indriya se pahale zabda jAna liyA jAtA hai taba vaha zabda zAbda prakriyA se jAti kA parijJAna karAtA hai| tatpazcAt vaha jAti bhI apane Azrita vyaktiyoM kI pratIti karAtI hai isa prakAra zabdoM ke sabhI artha indriyoM ke hI viSayabhUta artha kahe jaayeNge|
Page #103
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 90 tathAnumAnArthAH karaNena pratItAlliMgAlliMgini jJAnotpatteH / etenArthApattyAdiparicchedyasyArthasyAkSArthatAprasaktirvyAkhyAtA, pAraMparyeNAkSAtparicchidyamAnatvAvizeSAdityakSArtha eva zabdo nirbAdha: syAnna zabdAdyartha: sAmAnyazabdArthavAdino na caivaM prsiddhH|| yadyaspaSTAvabhAsitvAcchabdArthaH kshcnessyte| liMgArthopi tadA prAptaH zabdArtho nAnyathA sthitiH||19|| ___zabdAtpratItA jAtirjAtyA vA lakSitA vyaktiH zabdArtha evAspaSTAvabhAsitvAdityayuktaM, liMgArthena vybhicaaraat| tasyApi pakSIkaraNe liMgArthayoH sthityyogaat|| tathA anumAna pramANa se jAnane yogya viSaya bhI indriyoM ke dvArA pratIta hone se liMgI (sAdhya) meM jJAna utpanna hotA hai arthAt yahA~ bhI paramparA se anumeya artha meM indriyoM kI viSayatA prApta hotI hai| isa ukta kathana se arthApatti pratyabhijJAna Adi ke dvArA jAnane yogya padArthoM ke bhI indriyoM ke dvArA grAhya kI prApti hotI hai, aisA kathana kiyA hai kyoMki arthApatti Adi pramANoM kA utthAna bhI indriyoM se padArthoM ko jAna lene para hI hotA hai ata: arthApattigamya padArthoM kA bhI paramparA se indriyoM se saMbaMdha hai| paramparA se indriyoM dvArA padArthoM kA jJeyatva vizeSatA rahita hokara sampUrNa kSAyopazamika jJAna meM vidyamAna hai ata eva zabda aura zabda kA vAcya artha nirbAdha indriyoM kA viSaya ho hI jAtA hai aura aisA hone para zabda hetu, sAdRzya Adi ke dvArA jAnane yogya koI artha nahIM rahegA haiM parantu jainAcArya kahate haiM ki jAti ko sAmAnya zabdArtha kahane vAle mImAMsaka ke aisI prasiddhi nahIM hai arthAt mImAMsaka mata meM indriyoM ke viSaya pRthak haiM aura hetu zabda Adi ke viSaya pRthak haiM ataH sAre jJAna indriyoM ke viSaya nahIM ho skte| indriyoM ke dvArA jAne gaye viSayoM kA spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai parantu zabda ke dvArA jAne gaye vAcyArtha kA spaSTa pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai ata: indriyagocara arthoM se pRthakbhUta koI aspaSTa zabda ke vAcyArtha mAne gaye haiM taba to aspaSTa pratibhAsa hone ke kAraNa hetujanya jJAna kA viSaya anumeya bhI zabdajanya jJAna ke gocara prApta hogaa| anyathA zabda vAcyArtha kI siddhi nahIM kara sktaa||19|| zabda se jAti jAnI jAtI haiM aura jAti ke dvArA vyakti kA jJAna hotA hai ataH avizada prakAza karane vAlA hone ke kAraNa vaha vyakti zabda kA viSaya hai indriya gocara nahIM / isa prakAra mImAMsaka kA kahanA bhI yukti se rahita hai kyoMki avizada prakAzatva hetu kA dhUma Adi liMga ke viSayabhUta agni Adi artha ke dvArA vyabhicAra AtA hai| arthAt jisakA aspaSTa prakAza hai, zabda kA viSaya hai, aisI vyApti banAne para liMga ke dvArA jAne gaye anumeya artha se vyabhicAra hai| anumeya artha bhI aspaSTa rUpa se jAnA gayA hai ata: vaha bhI zabda kA viSaya ho jaayegaa| yadi usa anumeya artha ko bhI pakSa meM rakha leMge to anumAna se aura zAbda bodha se jAne gaye bhinna-bhinna prameyoM kI sthiti kaise ho skegii|
Page #104
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 91 yatra zabdAtpratIti: syAtsorthaH zabdasya cennanu / vyakteH zabdArthatA na syAdevaM liNgaatprtiititH||20|| zabdAdeva pratIyamAnaM zabdArthamabhipretya zabdalakSitAtsAmAnyAlliMgAt pratIyamAnAM vyaktiM zabdArthamAcakSANaH kathaM svasthaH, paraMparayA zabdAtpratIyamAnatvAttasyAH zabdArthatvekSArthatAM kathaM bAdhyate tathAkSeNApi prtiiymaantvaadupcaarsyobhytraavishessaat| na ca lakSitalakSaNayApi zabdavyaktau pravRttiH saMbhavatItyAha;zabdapratItayA jAtyA na ca vyaktiH svruuptH| pratyetuM zakyate tasyAH sAmAnyAkArato gteH||21|| vyaktisAmAnyato vyktiprtiitaavnvsthiteH| kva vizeSe pravRttiH syAtpAraMparyeNa zabdataH // 22 // jisa padArtha kI zabda se pratIti hotI hai vaha usa zabda kA vAcya artha hai| aisA kahane para to vizeSa vyaktiyoM ke zabda kI vAcyatA nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki pUrvokta prakAra hetu se vyakti kI pratIti hotI hai| ataH artha kriyA karane meM upayogI viziSTa padArtha kA jJAna to anumAna se hotA hai / zAbda bodha kA viSaya koI viziSTa padArtha nahIM ho skegaa|||20|| . zabda hI se jAne hue padArthoM ko zabda kA artha mAnakara zabda se lakSaNA aura abhidhA vRtti ke dvArA jAti kA vAcana hotA hai aura jAti se hetu ke dvArA vyakti kI pratIti hotI hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA puruSa svastha kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt aisA kahane vAlA mAnava pAgala hai| .... paramparA se zabda ke dvArA pratIyamAna hone se usa vyakti ke zabdArthatva hone para indriyoM ke viSayatva kaise bAdhita ho sakegA arthAt yadi paramparA se zabda ke dvArA vyakti kI pratIti hotI hai isalie vyakti ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnA jAyegA taba to usa vyakti ko indriyoM kA viSayatva kaise bAdhita ho sakegA kyoMki usa prakAra paramparA se indriyoM ke dvArA bhI zabda aura jAti ke bIca meM dekara usa vyakti kI pratIti hotI hai tathA indriyoM ke dvArA pratIyamAna hone se jJApaka meM bhI viSayapane kA upacAra kiyA jAyegA taba to jJApaka kA jJApaka meM bhI upacAra kiyA jA sakatA hai kyoMki upacAra karanA donoM sthaloM meM samAna hai| ... lakSita lakSaNA karake bhI zabda ke dvArA kisI prakRta vyakti meM pravRtti honA saMbhava nahIM hai| isI bAta ko spaSTa kahate haiM vA spaSTa karate haiM-zabda ke dvArA pratIta jAti ke dvArA apane svarUpa se vyakti (viziSTa eka padArtha) kI pratIti nahIM kara sakate haiM, kyoMki usa vyakti kA sAmAnya AkAra se hI jJAna hotA hai arthAt hetu aura sAdhya kI vyApti sAmAnya rUpa se hI hotI hai vizeSa rUpa se nahIM jaise dhuA~ rUpa hetu ke dvArA sAmAnya agni kA jJAna hotA hai, vizeSa tRNAdi kA nhiiN||21|| yadi jAti sAmAnya ke dvArA vyakti (vizeSa) ko jAnakara sAmAnya vyakti se vizeSa vyakti kI pratIti karane ke lie punaH anumAna karoge to anavasthA doSa aayegaa| kyoMki sabhI vyaktiyA~ sAmAnya se hI hotI haiM ataH zabda ke dvArA paramparA se bhI vizeSa artha meM jJapti pUrvaka pravRtti kahA~ ho sakatI hai, kahIM bhI nahIM // 22 // 1. zabda se zabda kA jJAna lakSita lakSaNA hai| jaise dvirepha zabda se bhramara aura bhramara se madhukara artha lakSita hotA hai, yaha lakSita lakSaNA hai|
Page #105
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 92 zabdalakSaNatayA hi jAtyA vyakteH pratipatturanumAnamarthApattirvA ? prathamapakSe na tasyAH vyakte: svarUpeNAsAdhAraNenArthakriyAsamarthena . pratItistena jAteAptyasiddheranvayAttadaMtareNApi vyaktyaMtareSUpalabdhervyabhicArAcca, sAmAnyarUpeNa tu tatpratipattau nAbhimatavyaktau prvRttirtiprsNgaat| yadi punarjAtilakSitavyaktisAmAnyAdabhimatavyakteH pratItistadA sApyanumAnamarthApattirveti sa eva paryanuyogastadeva cAnumAnapakSe dUSaNamityanavasthAnaM zabdapratItayA jAtyA vyakteH pratipattireveti cet , pratiniyatarUpeNa sAmAnyarUpeNa vA ? na tAvadAdivikalpastena saha jaatervinaabhaavaaprsiddheH| dvitIyavikalpe tu nAbhimatavyaktI zabda lakSita jAti ke dvArA vyakti ke jJAtA ko jJAna anumAna pramANa se hotA hai yA arthApatti pramANa rUpa hai ? yadi prathama pakSa (anumAna pramANa) ko svIkAra karoge to usa vyakti kI apane arthakriyA karane meM samartha asAdhAraNa rUpa se pratIti nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki vyakti ke (vizeSa ke) asAdhAraNa svarUpa ke sAtha jAti kI vyApti siddha nahIM hai kyoMki jahA~-jahA~ sAmAnya jAti rahatI hai vahA~-vahA~ asAdhAraNa lakSaNa se yukta prakRta eka vyakti rahatI hI hai, yaha anvaya vyApti nahIM bana sktii| (usa rasoIghara yA ghAsa phUsa kI agni ke binA bhI dUsarI vyaktiyoM meM dhUma sahita agni dekhI jAtI hai) aise hI sAmAnya jAti ke sAtha arthakriyA ko karane vAlI eka viziSTa vyakti kA anvaya nahIM hai kyoMki una vizeSa vyaktiyoM ke binA bhI dUsarI vyaktiyoM meM jAti pAyI jAtI hai| ata: vizeSa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti banAne meM vyabhicAra doSa bhI AtA hai aura sarva deza evaM sarva kAla kA upasaMhAra karane vAlI vyApti bhI nahIM ho sktii| yadi anya vyaktiyoM meM (sAmAnya) sAdhAraNa rUpa se vyakti kI pratipatti mAnoge to prakRta abhISTa eka vyakti meM jJAtA kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki sAdhAraNa dharmoM kA AdhAra to prakRta vyakti se atirikta anya vyaktiyoM meM bhI hai tathA dUsare ko (arthApatti ko) pramANa svarUpa svIkAra karoge to atiprasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt sAmAnya ke kahane para abhISTa vizeSa kA grahaNa nahIM hokara cAhe jisa vizeSa kA grahaNa hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi puna: zabda se jAti kA nirUpaNa karake lakSaNA vRtti se vyakti sAmAnya ko jAnakara usa vyakti sAmAnya se abhivyakti (abhISTa vyakti) kI pratIti karoge to kyA sAmAnya vyakti se vizeSa vyakti kA vaha jJAna anumAna hai yA arthApatti pramANa hai? isameM bhI pUrvokta prazna rahegA aura anumAna pakSa meM anavasthA aura pUrvokta dUSaNa aayegaa| zabda ke dvArA vizeSa vyakti kA parijJAna nahIM ho skegaa| .
Page #106
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 93 pravRttirityanumAnapakSabhAvI doSaH / sAmAnyavizeSasyAnumAnArthatvAdadoSa ityprH| tasyApi zabdArtho jAtimAtraM mA bhUt sAmAnyavizeSasyaiva tdrthtopptteH| saMketasya tatraiva grahItuM zakyatvAt / tathA ca zabdAtpratyakSAderiva sAmAnyavizeSAtmani vastuni pravRtteH paramatasiddherna jAtireva shbdaarthH|| dravyameva padArthostu nitymitypysNgtm| tatrAnaMtyena saMketakriyAyukterananvayAt // 23 // vAMchitArthapravRttyAdivyavahArasya haanitH| zabdasyAkSAdisAmarthyAdeva tatra prvRttitH|| 24 // na hi kSaNikasvalakSaNameva zabdasya viSayastatra sAkalyena saMketasya kartumazakterAnaMtyAdekatra saMketakaraNe yadi zabda se jAti kI pratIti aura jAti se arthApatti ke dvArA vizeSa abhISTa vyakti kI pratipatti hotI hai aisA mAnate ho to usa jAti ke dvArA vyakti kI arthApatti kyA pratyeka vyakti meM niyamita hue asAdhAraNa svarUpa se hotI hai yA aneka vyaktiyoM meM pAye jAne vAle sAmAnya (sAdhAraNa) rUpa se hotI hai? usameM prathama vikalpa (asAdhAraNa niyamita) se hotI hai to aisA mAnanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki viziSTa asAdhAraNa svarUpa ke dvArA usa vyakti ke sAtha jAti kA avinAbhAva saMbaMdha prasiddha nahIM hai aura dUsarA vikalpa grahaNa karane para arthakriyA karane vAle abhISTa prakRta vizeSa padoM meM pravRtti nahIM ho skegii| isa prakAra prathama anumAna pakSa ke doSa arthApatti vAle pakSa meM bhI sthita rheNge| koI vidvAn kahate haiM ki anumAna pramANa kA viSaya kevala sAmAnya nahIM hai, apitu sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka padArtha hai isalie isa meM anavasthA Adi doSa na hone se adoSa (nirdoSa) hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usa vAdI ke yahA~ isa kathana se zabda kA vAcyArtha kevala sAmAnya nahIM huA, apitu isa kathana se sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka padArtha hI zabda kA vAcyArtha siddha hotA hai aura usa sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka padArtha meM hI saMketa grahaNa karanA zakya ho sakatA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jaise pratyakSa anumAna Adi pramANoM se sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ko jAnakara usameM pravRtti hotI hai ataH pratyakSa Adi kA viSaya sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu hai vaise hI zabda se bhI sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu meM pravRtti aura jJapti honA pratIta hotA hai aura isa kathana se paramata (jainamata) kI siddhi hotI hai ata: kevala jAti hI zabda kA vAcya artha hai, yaha siddha nahIM hotaa| sabhI zabda nitya dravya ke vAcaka haiM, aisA bhI mImAMsaka kA kahanA susaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki ananta nitya dravya meM saMketa kriyA ayukta ghaTita nahIM ho sakatI hai aura eka dravya kA dUsare dravya meM anvaya bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai tathA nitya dravya hI zabda kA vAcyArtha aisA mAna lene para zabda ke dvArA prakRta abhISTa artha meM pravRtti honA yA aniSTa artha se nivRtti honA Adi vyavahAroM kI hAni ho jaayegii| kyoMki indriya, mana, hetu Adi ke sAmarthya se hI zabda kI iSTa artha meM pravRtti aura aniSTa se nivRtti hotI hai arthAt nitya dravya ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnane para to aneka dUSaNa prApta hote haiN||23-24|| bauddha darzana meM svIkRta sarvathA kSaNika dravya bhI zabda kA viSaya nahIM hai kyoMki kSaNika svalakSaNa
Page #107
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 94 ananvayAdabhimatArthe pravRttyAdivyavahArasya virodhAt / svayamapratipanne svalakSaNe saMketasyAsaMbhavAcca / vAcakAnAM pratyakSAdibhiH pratipannekSAdisAmarthyAdeva pravRttisiddheH / pratipattuH zabdArthApekSayAnarthakyAt kiM tu dravyanityamapi tsyaanNtyaavishessaat| syAnmataM / tatra sAkalyena saMketasya karaNamazakteH / kiM tarhi kvacidekatra na cAnanvayosya saMketavyavahArakAlavyApitvAnnityatvAditi / tadasaMgataM / karke saMketitAdazvazabdAcchoNAdau pravRttyabhAvaprasaMgAt tatra tasyAnanvayAt / na ca pratipAdyapratipAdakAbhyAmadhyakSAdinA nityepi karke pratipanne vAcakasya saMketakaraNaM kiMcidarthaM puSNAti pratyakSAdereva tatra pravRttyAdisiddheH / svayaM tAbhyAmapratipanne tu kuta: saMketo vaacksyaatiprsNgaat| meM sampUrNa rUpa se saMketa karanA zakya nahIM hai kAraNa ki ve svalakSaNa ananta haiM aura una ananta sva lakSaNoM karanA sAdhya nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki eka svalakSaNa vyakti meM saMketa karane para, eka vyakti kA anya vyaktiyoM meM anvaya na hone ke kAraNa abhISTa artha meM pravRtti Adi vyavahAra hone kA virodha AtA hai tathA jisa svalakSaNa ko Ajataka svayaM pratipAdaka aura pratipAdyoM ne nahIM jAnA hai aise svalakSaNa tattva meM vAcaka zabdoM kA saMketa karanA bhI asaMbhava hai kyoMki vAcya padArthoM kA pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM ke dvArA indriya hetu Adi ke sAmarthya se nirNaya kara lene para hI vAcakoM kI pravRtti honA siddha ho sakatA hai| anyathA samajhane vAle jJAtA ke zabdArtha kI apekSA nirarthaka hai arthAt cakSu se ghaTa vyakti ko dekha lene para aura ghaTa zabda ko karNendriya ke dvArA suna lene para hI saMketa grahaNa kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai paryAya yukta dravya meM hI saMketa grahaNa aura vyavahAra hotA hai parantu sarvathA kSaNika svalakSaNa ke samAna sarvathA kUTastha nitya dravya. bhI zabda kA viSaya tathA vyavahAra ke yogya nahIM hai kyoMki una dravyoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se anantapanA vidyamAna hai ataH zabda ke dvArA kSaNika svalakSaNa aura kUTastha nitya dravya ina donoM kA vAcana (kathana) nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra AcAryadeva ne anya ekAntavAdI dArzanikoM ke kathana kA khaNDana kara yukti aura Agama ke dvArA nAma nikSepa ko siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| zaGkA : zabda kA vAcyArtha nitya dravya meM pUrNa rUpa se saMketa karanA bhale hI azakya hai to phira kyA kiyA jAya? isakA upAya hai ki kisI eka vyakti meM to vAcya-vAcaka kA saMketa grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, aisI dazA meM anugata pratItirUpa anvaya kA na milanA nahIM hai, jabaki anugata pratIti kA honA rUpa anvaya ThIka mila rahA hai| kyoMki vaha nityadravya saMketa kAla aura vyavahAra kAla meM nitya hone ke kAraNa vyApa rahA hai| samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahanA asaMgata (yuktiyukta nahIM) hai kyoMki zveta ghor3e se saMketa kiye gaye azva zabda se lAla Adi ghor3e meM pravRtti karane ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki usa zveta ghor3e kA anvaya lAla Adi ghor3e meM nahIM hai tathA pratipAdya zrotA aura pratipAdaka vaktA ke dvArA pratyakSa anumAna Adi pramANoM se nitya dravya rUpa zveta azva ko jAna lene para bhI usa vAcaka azva zabda kA vahA~ saMketa karanA kisI bhI artha ko puSTa nahIM karatA hai kyoMki usa nitya zveta azva meM to pratyakSa aura anumAna Adi pramANa se hI pravRtti, nivRtti Adi kA vyavahAra honA siddha hai| arthAt jisa vyakti ko saMketa kAla meM jAnA hai usI nitya vyakti ko vyavahAra kAla meM jAnane se kyA lAbha hai arthAt kucha bhI nhiiN|
Page #108
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *95 kecidAhuH / na nAnA dravyaM nityaM zabdasyArthaH kiMtvekameva pradhAnaM tasyaivAtmA vastusvabhAvaH zarIraM tttvmityaadipryaayshbdairbhidhaanaat| yathaikoyamAtmodakaM nAmetyAtmazabdo dravyavacano daSTaH / vastvekaM teja iti jalaM nAmaikaH svabhAvaH zarIraM tattvamiti ca drshnaantikrmaat| yathA ca dravyamAtmetyAdayaH zabdaparyAyA dravyasya vAcakAstathAnyepi sarve rUpAdizabdAH pratyastamayAdizabdAzca kathaMcit sadApannAH sarve zabdA dravyasyAdvayasya vAcakA: shbdtvaadrvymaatmetyaadishbdvt| taduktaM / "AtmA vastusvabhAvazca zarIraM tattvamityapi / dravyamityasya paryAyAstacca nityamiti smRtam // " iti / na ca nityazabdenodayAstamayazabdAbhyAmadravyazabdena vyabhicArastadviparItArthAbhidhAyakatvAditi na maMtavyaM, dravyopAdhibhUtarUpAdiviSayatvAdanityAdizabdAnAM rUpAdayo _ jisa nitya dravya ko pratipAdya aura pratipAdaka ne (zrotA aura vaktA ne) svayaM nahIM jAnA hai unake dvArA kisI vAcaka zabda kA saMketa grahaNa bhI kaise ho sakatA hai| isameM ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai| (yadi binA jAne hI zabda saMketa kA grahaNa hogA to paramANu Adi meM bhI zabda kI pravRtti kA prasaMga aayegaa| vaha iSTa nahIM hai|) ____ koI kahate haiM ki- zabda kA vAcyArtha aneka nitya dravya nahIM haiM- apitu eka pradhAna dravya (paramabrahma) hI zabda kA vAcyArtha (viSaya) hai| usa eka hI pradhAna dravya kA AtmA, vastu svabhAva, zarIra, tattva, padArtha Adi paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke dvArA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| jaise eka hI AtmA jala isa zabda se kahA jAtA hai tathA vaha jala svarUpa AtmA kA vAcaka zabda dravya zabda dekhA jAtA hai| (jAnA jAtA hai)| eka tejo dravya vastu hai, yaha bhI usI mukhya dravya ko kahatA hai| isI prakAra jala nAma kA eka svabhAva yA zarIra athavA tattva hai vaha bhI mukhya Atma darzana kA atikrama nahIM kara rahA hai arthAt vaha bhI eka Atma tattva kA vAcaka hai| (koI dArzanika padArthoM ko dravya kahate haiM, koI tattva zabda se kahate haiM, tathA koI dravya ko bhAva kahate haiM) ataH jaise dravya, AtmA, vastu Adika paryAyavAcI zabda dravya ke hI vAcaka haiM; usI prakAra anya bhI sampUrNa rUpa, rasa, Adika zabda athavA udaya honA, asta honA, calanA-phiranA Adi sampUrNa zabda bhI kisI apekSA se sat ke sAtha tAdAtmya rakhate hue dravya ke vAcaka haiN| ___ isI ko anumAna se siddha karate haiM- AtmA, brahma Adi zabdoM ke samAna zabdAtmaka hone se sabhI zabda advaita dravya ke vAcaka haiM aisA hamAre granthoM meM bhI kahA hai-"AtmA, vastu, svabhAva, zarIra, tattva, padArtha aura bhAva ye sabhI 'dravya' zabda ke hI paryAya haiM aura vaha dravya nitya mAnA gayA hai| aisA-anAdikAla se smRti meM A rahA hai| vAdI (mImAMsaka) Adi apane mata ko punaH puSTa kara rahe haiN| vaizeSika kaha rahA haiM ki- anitya zabda, utpatti zabda, vinAza zabda aura adravya zabda ke dvArA zabda hetu meM vyabhicAra AtA hai| kyoMki anitya, utpatti, vinAza aura adravya ina zabdoM meM zabdatva hetu vidyamAna hai, kintu advaita zabda se viparIta artha ko kahane vAle hone se vahA~ sAdhya nahIM rahatA hai| aisI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki anitya Adi zabdoM ke dravya ke upAdhi (vizeSaNa) bhUta rUpa, rasa Adi viSaya
Page #109
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 96 vyutpadyante viyati cetyanityAH dravyatvAbhAvAccAdravyatvamiti kthyte| na copAdhiviSayatvAdamISAM zabdAnAmadravyaviSayatvaM yena taiH sAdhanasya vyabhicAra eva satyasyaiva vastunastarasatyairAkArairavadhAryamANatvAdasatyopAdhibhiH zabdairapi satyAbhidhAnopapatteH / tdpybhidhaayi| "satyaM vastu tadAkArairasatyairavadhAryate / asatyopAdhibhiH zabdaiH stymevaabhidhiiyte|" kathaM punarasatyAnupAdhInabhidhAya tadupAdhInAM satyamabhidadhAnAH zabdA dravyaviSayA eva tadupAdhInAmapi tadviSayatvAt anyathA nopAdhivyavacchinnaM vastuzabdArthaH iti na codyaM, kataraddevadattasya gRhamado yatrAsau kAka iti svAmivizeSAvacchinnagRhapratipattI kAkasaMbaMdhasya nibaMdhanatvenopAdAnepi tatra vartamAnasya gRhazabdasyAbhidheyatvena kAkAnapekSaNAt / rucakAdizabdAnAM ca rucakavardhamAnasvastikAdyAkArairapAyibhirupahitaM suvarNadravyamabhidadhatAmapi zuddhasuvarNaviSayatopapatteH / tduktN| "adhruveNa nimittena devadattagRhaM ythaa| gRhItaM gRhazabdena zuddhamevAbhidhIyate // " "suvarNAdi yathA yuktaM hone se rUpAdi utpanna hote haiM, vinAza ko prApta hote haiM, ata: rUpa rasa Adi anitya haiM unameM dravya kA abhAva hone se ve adravya haiM aisA kahA jAtA hai parantu rUpa Adi dravya ke sambandha se rahate haiM ata: dravya haiN| ina rUpAdi zabdoM ko vizeSaNa ke gocara ho jAne se adravya gocaratva bhI nahIM hai arthAt ye rUpa Adi dravya ke vizeSaNa rUpa se zabda kA viSaya hone se adravya bhI nahIM haiN| jisase una anitya Adi zabdoM ke dvArA hamAre zabdatva hetu meM anaikAntika doSa AtA ho| kyoMki, satya svarUpa advaita vastu kA una asatya svarUpa utpatti Adi AkAra-prakAroM se nirNaya kiyA jA rahA hai tathA asatya vizeSaNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vizeSyoM ko kahane vAle zabda ke dvArA satya padArtha kA hI kathana kiyA jArahA hai arthAt yadyapi rUpa, rasa Adi anitya vizeSaNoM ke dvArA vastu utpanna aura vinaSTa hotI dRSTigocara ho rahI hai parantu vastu to advaita haiM, nitya hai| usa vastu ke asatya vizeSaNa vastu se pRthakbhUta nahIM haiM ata: una asatyabhUta adravya vizeSaNoM ke dvArA vastu kA kathana karane vAlA zabda vastubhUta dravya kA hI kathana karatA hai, adravya kA nhiiN| vahI hamAre granthoM meM kahA hai- usa dvaita rUpa vastu ke AkAra (paryAya) rUpa asatya padArthoM ke dvArA satya vastu kA hI nirNaya hotA hai tathA asatya vizeSaNadhArI vizeSyoM (dravyoM) ko kahane vAle zabdoM ke dvArA satya padArtha hI kahA jAtA hai| asatya AkAra vAle vizeSaNoM ko kathana karake una vizeSaNoM kA vA una vizeSaNa yukta nitya dravyoM kA satya rUpa se kathana karane vAle zabda dravya kA hI viSaya karate haiM, aisA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? kyoMki dravyoM ke vizeSaNoM ko bhI zabdoM ne viSaya kiyA hai anyathA upAdhirUpa vizeSaNoM rahita vastu zabda kA viSaya nahIM ho sakegI arthAt vizeSaNoM ko zabda ke dvArA jAnakara hI zuddha dravya se unakI vyAvRtti kI jAtI hai| isa prakAra kutarka karanA upayukta nahIM hai - kyoMki "jaise kisI ne pUchA devadatta kA ghara kaunasA hai ?" uttara milA, jisa para kauA baiThA hai vahI devadatta kA ghara hai, isa prakAra ghara ke vizeSa svAmI se yukta ghara kI pratipatti (jJAna) karAne meM kaue ke sambandha ko kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| vAstava meM, usa sthAna meM sthita ghara zabda kA vAcya artha ghara hI hai isameM kAka kI koI apekSA nahIM hai| kauA ur3akara dUsare sthAna para bhI jA sakatA hai|
Page #110
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 97 svairAkArairapAyibhiH / rucakAdyabhidhAnAnAM zuddhameveti vAcyatAm // " iti / tadvadrUpAdyupAdhibhirupadhIyamAnadravyasya rUpAdizabdairabhidhAnepi zuddhasya dravyasyaivAbhidhAnasiddherna teSAmadravyaviSayatvaM tadupAdhInAmasatyatvAd gRhasya kAkAdyupAdhivat , suvarNasya rucakAdyAkAropAdhivacca / satyatve punarupAdhInAM rUpAdyupAdhInAmapi satyatvaprasaMgAt tathA tadupAdhInAmityanavasthAnameva syAt , upAdhitadvatoravyavasthAnAt / bhrAMtatve punarupAdhInAM dravyopAdhInAmasatyatvamastu tadvyatirekeNa teSAM saMbhavAt svayamasaMbhavatAM zabdairabhidhAne teSAM nirviSayatvaprasaMgAditi saviSayatvaM zabdAnAmicchatA zuddhadravyaviSayatvameSTavyaM, tasya sarvatra sarvadA vyabhicArAbhAvAdupAdhInAmeva rucaka vardhamAna svastika Adi vinAzazIla AkAroM ke dvArA gRhIta suvarNa dravya kA kathana karane vAle rucaka Adi zabdoM se zuddha suvarNa hI viSayatA ko prApta hotA hai arthAt rucaka Adi anitya paryAyoM ke dvArA suvarNa kA kathana karane para bhI varNana zuddha suvarNa kA hI hotA hai| kahA bhI hai, jaise adhruva kAkAdi ke nimitta gRha zabda ke dvArA gRhIta zuddha gRha kA hI kathana kiyA jAtA hai tathA nAzavanta apane AkAroM ke dvArA jaise rucakAdi ke kathana karane vAle zabdoM se zuddha suvarNa kA hI kathana hotA hai; usI prakAra rUpAdi upAdhiyoM ke dvArA grahIta dravya kA rUpAdi zabdoM ke dvArA kathana karane para zuddha dravya ke kathana kI hI siddhi hotI hai| asatya aura adravya hone se rUpAdi upAdhiyoM ko zabda viSaya nahIM karatA hai| jaise kAka Adi kI upAdhi gRha ko jAnane meM nimitta hai parantu kAkAdi upAdhi ko zabda grahaNa nahIM karatA hai tathA rucakAdi upAdhiyoM se zuddha suvarNa kA hI grahaNa hotA hai arthAt upAdhiyoM ke dvArA azuddha dravya kA grahaNa hone para kathana zuddha dravya kA hI hotA hai yadi upAdhiyoM ko satya svIkAra kiyA jAyegA taba to rUpAdi upAdhiyoM ko bhI satya svIkAra karanA par3egA tathA upAdhiyA~ aura upAdhivAna kI avyavasthA hone se upAdhiyoM ke anavasthA doSa AyegA arthAt upAdhi vinAzazIla hai, kisI dravya meM vyavasthita nahIM hai-ata: anavasthA doSa aayegaa| upAdhi sahita viziSTa padArtha kI vyavasthA nahIM ho skegii| kAka Adi upAdhiyoM ko bhrAnta mAnane para to zuddha dravya kI rUpAdi upAdhiyA~ bhI asatya ho jaayeNgii| kyoMki paramArtha bhUta dravya se bhinna rUpAdi vizeSaNoM kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt ve rUpAdi vastubhUta padArtha nahIM haiN| ataH svayaM asadbhUta rUpAdika vizeSaNoM ko zabdoM ke dvArA vAcana (uccAraNa) mAna lene para una zabdoM ke viSaya rahitapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt jaise gadhe ke sIMga ko kahane vAlA zabda svakIya vAcya (gadhe kA sIMga) ke viSaya se rahita hai| usI prakAra rUpa Adi zabda bhI nirviSaya ho jAyeMge ata: zabdoM ko viSaya sahita cAhane vAle vidvAnoM ko zabda kA viSaya zuddha dravya hI mAnanA cAhie kyoMki sarvadeza aura sarvakAla meM zuddha dravya ke vyabhicAra kA abhAva hai| kevala zuddha dravya ke vizeSaNoM meM hI vyabhicAra AtA hai arthAt vizeSaNa hI aneka meM rahate haiM ata: anaikAntika doSa se yukta haiN| jaise zuddha AkAza sarvatra sadAkAla rahane vAlA hai parantu ghaTAkAza paTAMkAza Adi upAdhiyoM se anyatra deza meM vyabhicAra AtA hai| zuddha AkAza kA kahIM bhI vyabhicAra nahIM hai| 1. nIMbU ke samAna gola AkAra vAle suvarNa ko rucaka kahate haiN| 2. eraNDa ke patte ke AkAra vAle ko vardhamAna kahate haiN|
Page #111
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 98 vyabhicArAt / na ca vyabhicAriNAmapyupAdhInAmabhidhAyakAH zabdAH saviSayANAmasvapnAdipratyayAnAM svapnaviSayatvaprasaMgAt iti zuddhadravyapadArthavAdinaH / tepi na priiksskaaH| sarvazabdAnAM svarUpamAtrAbhidhAyitvaprasaMgAt / parepi hyevaM vadeyuH / sarve vivAdApannAH zabdA: svarUpamAtrasya prakAzakAH shbdtvaanmeghshbdvditi| nanvidamanumAnavAkyaM yadi svarUpAtiriktaM sAdhyaM prakAzayati tadAnenaiva vyabhicAra: sAdhanasya / nocet kathamataH sAdhyasiddhiratiprasaMgAditi dUSaNaM zuddhadravyAdvaitavAcakatvasAdhanepi smaan| vyabhicArI upAdhiyoM ko kahane vAle zabda apane vAcya viSayoM se sahita kaise nahIM haiM anyathA (zabda sva viSaya vAcya sahita nahIM hogeM to) svapna, mUrcchita Adi avasthAoM ke jJAnoM ko bhI svapna Adi arthoM ke viSaya kara lene kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt svapnAdi bhI zabda vA jJAna ke viSaya ho jAyeMge, nirviSaya nahIM rheNge| isa prakAra zuddha dravya padArthavAdI kahatA hai| aba jainAcArya sarvathA zuddha dravya mAnane vAle kA khaNDana karate haiM : zuddha dravya kA kathana karane vAle bhI parIkSaka (vicArazIla) nahIM haiM kyoMki jaise unake matAnusAra sampUrNa zabda zuddha dravya ke vAcaka haiM vaise hI sampUrNa zabdoM ko kevala apane svarUpa ke kathana karane kA prasaMga aayegaa| zabda kA artha usa zabda ko hI mAnane vAle (zabdAdvaita) bhI isa prakAra kaha sakate haiM ki vivAdApanna ghaTa, paTa Adi sarva zabda kevala apane svarUpa ke hI prakAzaka haiM, zabda hone se| jaise megha garjanA Adi zabda kevala apane svarUpa ke hI vAcaka haiM una zabdoM kA vAcya artha kucha bhI nahIM hai (arthAt ve zabda kevala apane zabda rUpa zarIra kA hI zrAvaNa pratyakSa karAte haiM kisI vAcya artha kA zAbda bodha nahIM karAte haiN| vaise jIva ajIva Adi zabda bhI apane svarUpa ko zrAvaNa kA viSaya karAte haiM, vAcya artha ko prakAzita nahIM karate haiN|) ___ zuddha dravyavAdI zaMkA uThAkara kahatA hai ki- zabdavAdI ke dvArA prayukta (prayoga meM lAyA gayA) yaha anumAna vAkya yadi apane zabda svarUpa se atirikta svarUpa mAtra ko prakAza karanA rUpa isa sAdhya kA jJAna karAtA hai, taba to zabdatva hetu kA isa anumAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai- kyoMki zabdavAdiyoM ke matAnusAra zabda kA vAcya Tina-Tina bhina-bhina ke sivAya kucha nahIM hai parantu isa anumAna meM vAkya se sAdhya kA jJAna karAnA rUpa artha siddha hotA hai| yadi anumAna vAkya svakIya sAdhya kA jJAna nahIM karAtA hai, aisA mAnate haiM to anumAna vAkya se sAdhya kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai| anyathA (anumAna se sAdhya kI siddhi ke binA hI vAcyArtha mAnA jAyegA to) ati prasaMga doSa aayegaa| arthAt AkAza ke puSpa kI mAlA pahana kara baMdhyA putra jA rahA hai ityAdi anartha vAkyoM se iSTa kI siddhi ho jaayegii| zabdavAdI kahate haiM yaha doSa to zuddha dravyavAdI ke prati samAna hI hai arthAt advaita zuddha dravya vAcaka zabda kA artha siddha karane vAle anumAna meM bhI yaha doSa A sakatA hai|
Page #112
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *99 dvAkyenApi dravyamAtrAdvyatiriktasya tadvAcakatvasya zabdadharmasya prakAzane tenaiva hetorvyabhicArAt / tadaprakAzane sAdhyasiddharayogAt / dravyAdvaitavAdinaH zabdasya tadvAcakatvadharmasya paramArthato dravyAdavyatiriktatvAt sAdhanavAkyena tatprakAzanepi na hetorvyabhicAra iti cet tarhi zabdAdvaitavAdinopi sutarAM prakRtasAdhanavAkyena na vyabhicAraH, svarUpamAtrAbhidhAyakasya sAdhyasya zabdadharmasya zabdAdavyatiriktasya tena sAdhanAt dravyamAne rAbdasya pravezanena taddharmasyApi tatra pAraMparyAnuSakteH pariharaNAt / nanu zabdAdvaite kathaM vAcyavAcakabhAvaH sabhI guNa, kama, dravya Adi ke vAcaka zabda zuddha dravya ke hI abhidhAyaka (kahane vAle) haiM zabda hone se, jaise AtmA, brahma, sat ,cit Adi zabda haiN| (isa anumAna meM) kevala zuddha dravyatattva se usa dravya kA vAcakapanA dharma bhinna hI hai| jo zabda rUpa dharmI kA sAdhya svarUpa dharma mAnA gayA hai| zuddha dravyavAdI yadi usa anumAna vAkya se bhI vAcakapane rUpa dharma kA prakAzita honA mAneMge taba to dravyavAdiyoM ke zabdatva hetu kA usa vAcakatva dharma se hI vyabhicAra aayegaa| yadi dravya vAcakatva rUpa sAdhya kA usa vAkya se prakAza honA nahIM mAneMge to dravyavAdiyoM ke dravyavAcaka rUpa sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM ho skegii| zabdAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai ki dravyAdvaita vAdI ke "zabda kA aura zabda vAcaka dharma kA paramArtha se dravya se abhinna hone se, vAcakatva ko sAdhane vAle anumAna vAkya se dravya vAcakatva padArthakA prakAzana hone para bhI hetu se vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai arthAt anumAna vAkya se dravya vAcakatva jJAna hotA hai tathApi vaha vAcakatva dravya se bhinna nahIM hai ataH zuddha dravya kA hI jJAna hone se hetu vyabhicArI nahIM hai|" aisA kahane para to zabdAdvaitavAdI ke bhI usI prakAra binA prayatna ke prakaraNaprApta svarUpasAdhaka vAkya ke dvArA hetu meM anaikAntika doSa nahIM AyegA kyoMki jo kevala svarUpa mAtra kA abhidhAyaka (kathana karane vAle) sAdhya hai vaha bhI zabda kA hI dharma hai| vAstava meM zabda se abhinna svarUpa vAcakatva kA usa zabda hetu se sAdhana (siddha) kiyA hai| yadi dravyAdvaitavAdI zabdatattva ko kevala zuddha dravya meM antarbhAva kareMge to usake dvArA usa zabda ke svarUpa vAcakatva dharma kA bhI usa dravya meM antarbhAva kiyA jaayegaa| tabhI paramparA ke prasaMga hone kA parihAra kiyA jA sakegA arthAt dravya meM zabda kA antarbhAva karate samaya zabda ke dharma kA bhI antarbhAva karanA par3egA ataH siddha hotA hai ki zabda aura usake dharma meM abheda hai| dharma aura dharmI meM bheda nahIM hotA, donoM kA dravya kSetra, kAla, bhAva eka hI hotA hai| prazna : zabdAdvaitavAda meM vAcya vAcaka bhAva kaise ho sakatA hai? uttara : zuddha dravyAdvaita meM vAcya vAcaka bhAva kaise hotA hai? arthAt do bhinna padArthoM meM vAcya vAcaka bhAva ho sakatA hai, eka hI tattva meM vAcya vAcaka bhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai| ata: jisa prakAra zabdAdvaita meM vAcya vAcaka bhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai, usI prakAra zuddha dravyAdvaita meM bhI vAcya vAcaka bhAva nahIM ho sktaa| 1. ataH ke sthAna para anyathA zabda kI saMgati acchI baiThatI hai|
Page #113
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 100 zuddhadravyAdvaite kathaM ? kalpanAmAtrAditi cet , itaratra samAnaM / yathaiva hyAtmA vastusvabhAvaH zarIraM tattvamityAdayaH paryAyA dravyasyaivaM kathyate tadA zabdasyaiva te paryAyA ityapi zakyaM kathayitumavizeSAt / nanu ca jAtidravyaguNakarmANi zabdebhyaH pratIyate na ca tAni zabdasvarUpaM zrotragrAhyatvAbhAvAdityapi na codha jAtyAdibhirAkArairasatyaireva satyasya zabdasvarUpasyAvadhAryamANatvAt / tacchabdaizcAsatyopAdhivazAdredamanubhavadbhistasyaivAbhidhAnAt / nanu ca jAtyAdhupAdhikathanadvAreNa tadupAdhizabdasvarUpAbhidhAnAd , anyathA tadupAdhivyavacchinnazabdarUpaprakAzanAsaMbhavAt / jAtyAdizabdoM jAtyAdhupAdhipratipAdakA eveti na zaMkanIyaM, jAtyAdhupAdhInAmasatyatvAt gRhasya kAkAdivatsuvarNasya rucakAdyAkAropAdhivacca / na ca jAtyAdhupAdhayaH satyA eva tadupAdhInAmapi satyatvApatteH upAdhitadvato: kvacidvyavasthAnAyogAt / tadupAdhInAmasatyatve maulopAdhInAmapyasatyatvAnuSaMgAt / na cAsatyAnAmupAdhInAM zuddha dravyAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki - kevala kalpanA mAtra se vAcya vAcaka bhAva hai vAstavika nahIM hai| taba to zabdAdvaita meM bhI kalpanA mAtra se vAcya vAcaka bhAva hotA hai aisA mAna lenA cAhie, kyoMki donoM meM samAnatA hai| kyoMki jaise AtmA, vastu, svabhAva, zarIra, tattva Adi padArtha zuddha dravya kI hI paryA kahI jAtI haiM; usI prakAra AtmA Adi vastue~ zabda kI hI paryAyeM haiM (aisA zabdAdvaita meM mAnA hai) aisA kaha sakate haiN| kyoMki advaita pakSa meM donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| zaMkA : jAti, dravya, guNa, karma zabdoM ke dvArA pratIta hote haiM parantu ve svayaM zabda rUpa nahIM hai kyoMki una jAti dravya Adi meM zrotra grAhyatva kA abhAva hai| samAdhAna : aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki asatya jAti Adi AkAroM ke dvArA satya zabda rUpa kA hI nirNaya hotA hai| avAstavika upAdhiyAM ke kAraNa aneka prakAra ke bhedoM ko anubhava karane vAle gotva, caNakatva, jJAnI, mUrkha, sugandha, durgandha Adi zabdoM ke dvArA zabdAdvaita kA kathana nahIM hotA hai| zaMkA : jAti Adi vizeSoM ke kathana se una vizeSaNoM se sahita zabda ke svarUpa kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai anyathA una upAdhiyoM ke pRthakbhUta kevala zabda ke svarUpa kA kathana karanA asaMbhava hai kyoMki jAti Adi zabda to jAti Adi upAdhiyoM ke hI pratipAdaka haiM, una jAti zabda yA guNa zabda Adi se zabdAdvaita kA pratipAdana nahIM hotA hai| samAdhAna : aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki zabda kI jAti Adi upAdhiyA~ asatya haiM, paramArthabhUta nahIM haiN| jaise devadatta ke gRha (ghara) kA vizeSaNa kauA aura suvarNa kA vizeSaNa rucaka kuNDala kaMkaNa Adi vAstavika nahIM haiN| yaha bAta anumAnasiddha hai| isake sandarbha meM zabdAdvaita vAdI kahatA hai ki -jAti guNa karma Adi zabda kI upAdhiyA~ satya nahIM haiN| yadi jAti Adi upAdhiyoM ko satya mAnA jAyegA to una upAdhiyoM ke upAdhi rUpa vizeSaNoM ke bhI satyatA kA prasaMga AyegA aisA hone para upAdhi aura upAdhivAna kI kahIM vyavasthA nahIM ho skegii| arthAt vastra kA haritavarNa aura usa hare raMga ke vastra se hone vAlI sphaTika maNi meM harita varNa upAdhi ke kAraNa hai| yadi vastra meM harita varNa anya upAdhi se mAna liyA jAye to upAdhi aura upAdhivAna kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| upAdhiyoM kI upAdhiyoM ko bhI asatya mAna lene para maulika upAdhiyoM ke bhI asatyatA kA prasaMga aayegaa| zabdAdvaitavAdI
Page #114
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 101 prakAzakAH zabdAH satyA nAma nirviSayatvAt / tataH saviSayatvaM zabdasyecchatA svarUpamAtraviSayatvameSitavyaM, tasya tatrAvyabhicArAt / jAtyAdizabdAnAM tu jAtyAdyabhAvepi bhAvAdvyabhicAradarzanAt / na hi gaurazva ityAdayaH zabdA gotvAzvatvAdijAtyabhAvepi vAhakAdau na pravartante / tatropacArAt pravartanta iti cennAparAgatayopi yatra kvacana teSAM pravartanAt / tathA dravyazabdA daMDIviSANItyAdayo guNazabdAH zuklAdayazcaratyAdayazca kriyAzabdAH dravyAdivyabhicAriNobhyUhyAH / sanmAnaM na vyabhicaraMtIti cet na, asatyapi sattAbhidhAyinAM zabdAnAM kahatA hai ki-svakIya vAcya viSaya se rahita hone se avastu rUpa upAdhiyoMke prakAzaka zabda satya nahIM ho skte| isalie zabda ko saviSayatva cAhane vAle vidvAnoM ko zabda kA vAcya viSaya kevala zabda kA svarUpa hI iSTa karanA caahie| usa zabda kA usa apane svarUpa ke pratipAdana karane meM vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai arthAt sabhI manuSyAdika ke sArthaka vA meghAdi ke nirarthaka zabda apane svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hI haiN| ____ jAti zabda, guNa zabda Adi jAti Adi ke nahIM hone para bhI anyatra vyavahAra dRSTigocara hone se inameM anaikAntika doSa AtA hai arthAt gadhA nahIM hone para bhI mUrkha ko gadhA kaha diyA jAtA hai| baila, ghor3A Adi zabda go azva Adi jAti ke abhAva meM bhAra lAdane Adi puruSoM meM pravRtta nahIM hote haiM, aisA nahIM hai arthAt azva zabda zIghragAmI mAnava meM tathA bhAra Dhone vAle naukara meM 'gau' zabda kA prayoga dekhA jAtA haiM ataH zabda svakIya svarUpa ko hI kahatA hai, jAti Adi vAcya artha ko nhiiN| . bhAra vahana karane vAle manda mati mAnava meM gau Adi zabda kI pravRtti upacAra se hotI hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dUsarI jAtiyA~ bhI jisa kisI vyakti meM pravRtta hotI haiM arthAt gamana karane vAlI gAya kahalAtI hai| __ityAdi rUr3hi zabdoM kI pravRtti hotI hai tathA jaina matAnusAra bhI daNDa rUpa dravya ke saMyoga se daNDI kahalAtA hai| viSANI (sIMga ke saMyoga se sIMga vAlA) kahalAtA haiN| zukla Adi guNoM ke saMyoga se zukla Adi kahalAtA hai tathA 'carati' Adi kriyA ke saMyoga se calanA, tairanA, pAThaka Adi kriyA zabda haiN| ye dravya, jAti, guNa, kriyA zabda bhI dravya, guNa aura kriyA rUpa arthoM se vyabhicAra karane vAle samajhe jaayeNge| arthAt daNDI daNDa dene vAle mAnava ko bhI kahate haiN| zukla gotra bhI haiN| calanA anna chAnane vAle pAtra (cAlanI) kA nAma bhI hai| pATala gulAba ke phUla ko bhI kahate haiM, ityaadi| ata: dravya, jAti guNa aura kriyA se kahe jAne vAle zabdoM meM vyabhicAra AtA hai| sattA mAtra zabda se vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki asat padArtha meM bhI sattA ko kahane vAle zabdoM kI pravRtti honA dekhA jAtA hai| koI bhI vastu sat nahIM hai, isa bAta ko svIkAra karane vAle, 'sarva vastu sat svarUpa hI hai' aisA kahane vAlA svastha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ata: jaise zabda se abhinna guNa kriyA Adi meM zabda kA vyabhicAra hai vaise hI zuddha dravyavAdiyoM ke zuddha advaita dravya meM bhI zabda kI pravRtti kA vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai isalie zabda ko kevala apane svarUpa kA pratipAdaka kahanA hI zreyaskara hai-arthAt sabhI zabda apane svarUpa kA
Page #115
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 102 pravRttidarzanAt / na kiMcitsadastItyupayan sadeva sarvamiti bruvANaH kathaM svastho nAma, tatonarthAntare guNAdAviva zuddhadravyepi zabdasya vyabhicArAt svarUpamAtrAbhidhAyitvameva zreya itItare / taketra prssttvyaaH| kathamamI zabdAH svarUpamAtraM prakAzayaMto rUpAdibhyo bhigheran ? teSAmapi svarUpamAtraprakAzane vyabhicArAbhAvAt / na svarUpaprakAzino rUpAdayo'cetanatvAditi cet, kiM vai zabdazcetanaH ? paramabrahmasvabhAvatvAt zabdajyotiSazcetanatvameveti cet , rUpAdayaH kiM na tatsvabhAvA: ? paramArthatasteSAmasattvAt / atatsvabhAvA eveti cet , zabdajyotirapi tata eva tatsvabhAvaM mA bhUt / tasya satyatve vA dvaitasiddhiH zabdajyoti:paramabrahmaNoH svabhAvatadvatorvastusatorbhAvAt zabdajyotirasatyamapi paramabrahmaNodhigatyupAyatvAttatsvarUpamucyate "zabdabrahmaNi niSNAtaH paraM brahmAdhigacchatIti" vacanAt / na tathA rUpAdaya iti cet kathamasatyaM tadvadadhigatinimittaM ? hI kathana karate haiM, anya vAcya artha kA nhiiN| isa prakAra zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne zuddha dravya vAdiyoM ke prati kathana kiyA hai| yahA~ se jainAcArya zabdAdvaitavAdI ke prati kahate haiM ki : isa prakaraNa meM zabdAdvaitavAdI isa prakAra pUchane yogya hai arthAt zabdAdvaitavAdI se hama pUchate haiM- ki svakIya svarUpa ke prakAzaka zabda rUpa rasa Adi se bhinna kaise ho sakeMge ? kyoMki una rUpa. rasa Adika ke bhI apane svarUpa kA prakAza karane meM vyabhicAra kA abhAva hai arthAt rUpa rasa Adi bhI apane svarUpa kA prakAzana karate hI haiN| acetana hone se rUpa Adi svarUpa prakAzaka nahIM haiM aisA kahane para kyA zabda cetana hai ? "cidrUpa parama brahma kA svabhAva hone se zabda rUpa jyoti cetana hai, aisA kahate ho to phira rUpa Adi brahma ke svabhAva (vA brahma kI paryAya) hone se cetana kyoM nahIM haiM ? arthAt rUpAdika bhI to parama brahma se abhinna haiN| ata: ve brahma kI paryAya haiN| rUpa, rasa Adi paramArtha sat nahIM haiM, isalie atat svabhAva (paramabrahma kA svarUpa nahIM) haiN| aisA kahane para zabda jyoti bhI brahma kA svabhAva nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki zabda rUpa prakAza bhI vAstava meM satpadArtha nahIM hai| yadi zabda ko satyasvarUpa svIkAra kareMge to brahmAdvaita kI siddhi nahIM ho sakegI apitu dvaita kI siddhi hogI ata: zabda jyoti svabhAva eka tattva hai aura zabda jyoti svabhAva kA dhAraka parama brahma eka tattva hai| isa prakAra do tattva kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt paramArtha do sat padArtha haiN| ata: svabhAva aura svabhAvavAna vastu kA sadbhAva hai| advaitavAdI kahatA hai ki zabda jyoti asatya hai phira bhI vastubhUta parama brahma tattva ko jAnane kA upAya hai isalie zabda tattva parama brahma kA svarUpa kahA jAtA hai, aisA zabdAdvaita ke granthoM meM kahA hai ki"zabda brahma meM niSNAta (pravINa) mAnava parama brahma ko jAna letA hai" vA parama brahma ko prApta ho jAtA hai,
Page #116
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 103 rUpAdInAmapi tathAnuSaMgAMbhAvAt / tasya vidyAnukUlatvAdbhAvanAprakarSasAtmIbhAve vidyAvabhAsamarthakAraNatA na tu rUpAdInAmiti cet , rUpAdayaH kuto na vidyAnukUlA: ? bhedavyavahArasyAvidyAtmana: kAraNatvAditi cet , tata eva zabdopi vidyAnukUlo mA bhUt / guruNopadiSTasya tasya rAgAdiprazamahetutvAdvidyAnukUlatve rUpAdInAM tathaiva tadastu vizeSAbhAvAt / teSAmanirdizyatvAnna gurUpadiSTatvasaMbhava iti cet na, svamatavirodhAt / "na sosti pratyayo loke yaH zabdAnugamAdRte / anuviddhamivAbhAti sarvaM zabde pratiSThitam // " iti vacanAt / zAbdaH pratyayaH sarvaH zabdAnvito nAnya iti cAyuktaM, zrotrajazabdapratyayasyAzabdAnvitatvaprasakte: svAbhidhAnavizeSAt asadbhUta zabda parama brahma kI jJapti kA upAya kaise ho sakatA hai? yadi asadbhUta zabda parama brahma kI jJapti kA upAya hogA taba to rUpAdika ke bhI parama brahma kI jJapti ke upAya kA prasaMga aayegaa| zabdAdvaita- yadyapi zabda jyoti parama brahma jJAna svarUpa nahIM hai tathApi samyagjJAna rUpa, vidyA kA anukUla kAraNa hone se , tathA jJAna kI bhAvanA kI prakarSatA se brahma ke sAtha tadAtmaka hone se samIcIna jJAna ke avabhAsa meM samartha kAraNa ho jAtA hai| . parantu rUpa rasa Adi guNoM ke abheda jJAna rUpa vidyA ke prati samartha kAraNatA nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki rUpa rasa Adi guNa bheda vijJAna rUpa vidyA ke anukUla kyoM nahIM haiM ? yadi kaho ki avidyA svarUpa bheda vyavahAra kA kAraNa hone se rUpAdi vidyA ke anukUla nahIM haiM apitu pratikUla hai, isa prakAra to zabda bhI vidyA ke anukUla nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki zabda bhI ghaTa paTa, Adi bheda vyavahAra kA kAraNa hai| guru ke dvArA upadiSTa usa zabda ke rAgAdika ke prazamana kA hetutva hone se vidyAnukUlatva hai aisA mAnane para to usa prakAra rUpAdika ke bhI vidyAnukUlatA ho sakatI hai kyoMki unameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt jisa prakAra gurudeva ke dvArA upadiSTa zabda rAgadveSa ke upazama (zAnta) karane meM kAraNa hote haiM usI prakAra guru ke dvArA upadiSTa rUpa rasa Adi bhI rAgAdika ke upazamana meM kAraNa ho sakate haiM; ina donoM meM guru upadiSTa hetu meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai ataH zabda ke samAna rUpa Adi bhI samyagjJAna ke anukUla haiN| - rUpAdika ke anirdizyatva (zabda kA viSaya na) hone se guru ke dvArA upadiSTatva saMbhava nahIM hai (arthAt rUpAdika kA guru upadeza nahIM de sakate kyoMki ve zabda ke viSaya nahIM haiM) aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para zabdAdvaita vAdiyoM ke svakIya mata kA virodha AtA hai| unake grantha meM kahA hai ki "loka meM koI bhI aisA jJAna nahIM hai jo zabda ke anugama (sparza) ke binA hotA ho' "sarva jJAna aura jJeya padArtha zabda meM anuviddha (vyApta) hue ke samAna avabhAsita hote haiM aura zabda meM pratiSThita haiN|" zabdoM ke saMketa dvArA utpanna sabhI jJAna zabda se anvita haiM parantu rUpa rasa Adi vA unakA jJAna zabda se anvita nahIM hai, aisA bhI kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai- kyoMki aisA mAnane para zrotrendriyajanya zabda. jJAna ke zabda se anvita nahIM hone kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt indra zabda sunakara zacIpati indra ko jAna lenA
Page #117
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 104 pratyakSa evArtha:' pratyayairnizcIyata ityabhyupagamAcca / nanu ca rUpAdayaH zabdAnnArthAntaraM teSAM tadvivartatvAt / tato na te guruNopadizyate yena vidyAnukUlAH syuriti cet , tarhi zabdopi paramabrahmaNo nAnya iti kathaM gurunnopdeshyH| tato bhedena prakalpya zabdaM gururupadizatIti cet , rUpAdInapi tathopadizatu / tathA ca zabdAdvaitamupAyatattvaM paramabrahmaNo na punA rUpAdvaitaM rasAdvaitAdi ceti bruvANo na prekSAvAn / nanu ca loke zabdasya parapratipAdanopAyatvena supratItatvAt sughaTastasya gurUpadezo na tu rUpAdInAmiti cet na, teSAmapi svapratipattyupAyatayA hi prtiittvaat| tadvijJAnaM svapratipattyupAyo na ta eveti cet tarhi zabdajJAnaM parasya pratipattyupAyo na zabda iti samAnaM / paraMparayA zAbda bodha hai aura 'indra' ina akSaroM ko suna lenA zrAvaNa pratyakSa matijJAna hai| zabdAdvaitavAdI zAbda jJAna ko to zabda se anvita mAnate haiM parantu zrAvaNa pratyakSa ko zabda se anvita nahIM mAnate haiN| kiM ca, svakIya-svakIya vAcaka zabda vizeSa se pratyakSa artha hI una jJAnoM ke dvArA nizcita kiye jAte haiM, aisA zabdAdvaita vAdiyoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| (ata: rUpAdika ko zabda kA viSaya na mAnane para zabdAdvaitavAdI ke siddhAnta kA vyAghAta hotA hai|) zabdAdvaitavAdI kA kathana hai ki- rUpAdiguNa zabda tattva se bhinna nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve rUpAdi zabda brahma kI paryAya haiM isalie rUpa Adika guru ke dvArA upadiSTa nahIM kiye jAte haiM jisase ve vidyA ke anukUla ho sakate haiM arthAt rUpAdika guru ke dvArA anirdizya hone se vidyAnukUla nahIM hote haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki zabda tattva bhI parama brahma se bhinna nahIM hai apitu parama brahma kI paryAya hai, ataH zabda tattva guru ke dvArA nirdiSTa kaise ho sakatA hai? yadi zabdAdvaita vAdI kahe ki parama brahma se abhinna bhI zabda kI bheda kalpanA karake guru upadeza dete haiM, taba to rUpAdika kA bhI paramaM brahma se bheda kalpanA karake gurudeva upadeza de sakate haiN| (isameM kyA virodha hai)| tathA ca (bheda kalpanA karake rUpAdika kA upadeza dene para) zabdAdvaita hI parama brahma ke jAnane kA upAya haiN| rUpAdvaita, rasAdvaita Adi paramabrahma ke jAnane ke lie upAya tattva nahIM haiM-aisA kahane vAle jJAnavAna nahIM haiN| loka meM dUsaroM ke prati padArthoM ke pratipAdana kA upAya hone se zabda kI pratIti ho rahI hai ata: zabda guru ke dvArA upadiSTa hai- parantu rUpAdika dUsaroM ke prati padArthoM ke pratipAdana kA upAya nahIM hone se rUpAdikoM ke guru ke dvArA upadiSTa honA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki una rUpAdika ke bhI apanI pratipatti (jJAna) ke upAyatva kI pratIti hotI hai arthAt rUpAdika bhI apane jJAna karAne ke kAraNa to haiM hii| yadi kaho ki rUpAdika kA jJAna svakIya rUpa Adi kI pratipatti ke kAraNa hai-parantu svayaM rUpAdika rUpa jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM haiM- taba to zabdajJAna dUsare ke prati padArthoM kA jJAna karAne meM kAraNa hai svayaM zabda jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM hai, aisA bhI hama kaha sakate haiN| kyoMki zabda aura rUpa donoM samAna hI haiM- inameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| 1. svAbhidhAnavizeSApekSaH evArtha-iti pAThAntara
Page #118
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 105 zabdasya pratipattyupAyatve rUpAdInAM supratipattyupAyatAstu / na hi dhUmAdirUpAdInAM vijJAnAt pAvakAdiprattipattirjanasyAprasiddhAH / zabdaH sAkSAtparapratipattyupAyastasya pratibhAsAdabhinnatvAditi cet , tata eva rUpAdayaH sAkSAtsvapratipattihetavaH sNtu| evaM ca yathA zrotrapratibhAsAdabhinnaH zabdastatsamAnAdhikaraNatayA saMvedanAcchrotrapratibhAsazca paramabrahma tattvavikalpAcchabdAt sopi ca brahmatattvAtsaMvedanamAtralakSaNAdavyabhicArisvarUpAditi / tataH paramabrahmasiddhiH / tathA rUpAdayaH svapratibhAsAdabhinnAH, so'pi pratibhAsamAtravikalpAlliMgAt, so'pi ca paramAtmanaH svasaMvedanamAtralakSaNAditi na zabdAdrUpAdInAM kaMcana vishessmutpshyaamH| sarvathA tamapazyantazca zabda eva svarUpaprakAzano na tu rUpAdayaH, zabda ko paramparA se jJAna ke kAraNatva ko svIkAra karane para rUpa Adi ke bhI paramparA se jJAna ke prati upAyatA pratIta hotI hai arthAt jaise paramparA se zabda pramiti kA upAya hai vaise rUpAdi bhI paramparA se pratIti ke upAya haiM aisA mAnanA par3egA kyoMki dhUmAdi ke rUpAdi ke jJAna se agni Adi ke samIcIna jJAna kI pratipatti manuSyoM ko prasiddha nahIM hai, aisA nahIM haiN| arthAt dhUma ke rUpa ko dekhakara paramparA se agni kA jJAna hotA hI hai| agni kA sAkSAt kAraNa dhUma kA jJAna hai aura paramparA se rUpa rasAdi se yukta dhUma kAraNa ___yadi kaho ki zabda to avyavahita rUpa se anya padArthoM kI pratipatti kA upAya hai kyoMki vaha zabda tattva jJAna prakAza se abhinna padArtha hai to hama jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki zabda ke samAna pratibhAsa se abhinnahone ke kAraNa rUpa rasa Adi guNa bhI sAkSAt (avyavahita) rUpa se apanI pratipatti ke kAraNa ho sakate haiN| tathA isa prakAra jaise zabdAdvaita mata meM, zrotra janya zrAvaNa pratyakSa se zabda abhinna hai kyoMki usa pratibhAsa ke samAna adhikaraNa ke dvArA zabda kA saMvedana hotA hai| (arthAt "zabdaH pratibhAsate' isameM zabda kA pratibhAsana kriyA ke sAtha samAna adhikaraNa hai| pratibhAsa kriyA zabda meM rahatI hai)" isalie zrotra pratibhAsa aura zabda eka hI tattva hai, zrotra pratibhAsa paramabrahma rUpa hai, tathA tattva vikalpa rUpa zabda se, kevala saMvedana mAtra lakSaNa tathA vyabhicAra rahita svabhAva ko dhAraNa karane vAle brahma tattva se zabda pratibhAsa abhinna ataH advaitavAdI jaise zabda ko parama brahma siddha karate haiM, vaise hI rUpa, rasa Adika tattva bhI apane apane pratibhAsa se abhinna hai arthAt rUpa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai, rasa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai, aisI pratIti hotI hai ata: rUpa se rUpa kA pratibhAsa abhinna hai| rUpa, rasa Adi kA pratibhAsa sAmAnya pratibhAsa ke vikalpa svarUpa liMga (hetu) se abhinna hai aura vaha hetu sAmAnya saMvedana rUpa paramAtmA se abhinna hai / isa prakAra zabda se rUpa Adika meM koI vizeSa antara hamako dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahA hai| ina donoM meM koI vizeSa dRSTigocara nahIM hone para bhI hama kaise jAna leM ki zabda hI apane svarUpa ke prakAzaka haiM, rUpAdika nahIM tathA zabda hI parama brahma ke svarUpa ke prakAzana karane ke upAya haiM-rUpAdi parama brahma ke prakAzana ke upAya nahIM haiN| vA zabda hI parama brahma kA svabhAva hai, rUpAdika guNa parama brahma kA svabhAva nahIM haiN|
Page #119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 106 sa eva paramabrahmaNodhigamopAyastatsvabhAvo vA na punasta iti kathaM pratipadyemahi / atrAparaH prAha / puruSAdvaitamevAstu padArthaH pradhAnazabdabrahmAdestatsvabhAvatvAttasyaiva vidhirUpasya nityadravyatvAditi / tadapyasAraM / tadanyApohasya padArthatvasiddheH / zabdo hi brahma bruvANaH svapratipakSAdapoDhaM brUyAt / kiM vAnyathA prathamapakSe vidhipratiSedhAtmano vastunaH padArthatvasiddhiH dvitIyapakSepi saiva, svapratipakSAdavyAvRtasya paramAtmanaH zabdenAbhidhAnAt / tadvidhirevAnyaniSedha iti cet , tadanyapratiSedha eva tadvidhirastu / tathA cAnyApoha eva padArtha: syAt svarUpasya vidhestadapoha iti nAmamAtrabhedAdartho na bhidyate eva yatoniSTasiddhiH syAditi cet / na / bhAvArtha : jaba zabda aura rUpAdi guNoM meM koI vizeSatA hI nahIM hai to kyA kAraNa hai ki zabdAdvaita ko svIkAra kiyA jAve aura rUpAdvaita aura rasAdvaita ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA jaave| yahA~ dUsarA viziSTAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai : puruSAdvaita (brahmAdvaita) hI vAstavika padArtha hai| pradhAna, zabda, brahma, saMvedana Adi sarva usI eka puruSa (brahma) kA svabhAva (paryAya) haiN| nitya dravya hone se, puruSAdvaita hI vidhi rUpa hokara pada kA vAcya artha hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-aisA kahanA sAra rahita hai, nissAra hai| kyoMki isa prakAra kahane para to unake dvArA svIkRta anyApoha ko bhI padArthatva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| zabdAdvaita ke dvArA svIkRta "zabda brahma vAcaka hai" vA jo zabda ko brahma kaha rahA hai vaha apane (brahma ke) pratipakSa (viruddha padArthoM se rahita kevala brahma ko kahatA hai? athavA anyathA (bahma se viruddha padArtha kA niSedha nahIM karate hue) usa brahma kA kathana karatA hai? prathama pakSa ko svIkAra karane para to vidhi aura pratiSedha svarUpa vastu ke padArthatva kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt brahmAdvaita kI siddhi na hokara vidhi aura pratiSedha rUpa dvaita kI siddhi ho jAtI hai kyoMki zabda brahma se atirikta padArtha kA niSedha karatA hai aura brahma kA vidhAna karatA hai| dUsarA pakSa svIkAra karane para bhI advaita kI siddhi na hokara dvaita kI siddhi hotI hai| kyoMki apane pakSa se apRthak paramAtmA kA zabda ke dvArA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai arthAt zabda ke dvArA vidhi aura niSedha kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai / zabda kabhI bhI vidhi aura niSedha meM eka kA kathana nahIM karatA hai| parama brahma kI vidhi hI anya kA niSedha hai- aisA kahane para to anya kA pratiSedha hI vidhi kA kathana hogA arthAt duHkha kA abhAva sukha aura saMsAra kA abhAva mokSa siddha hotA hai ataH anyApoha hI padArtha siddha hogA arthAt anyApoha bhI pada kA vAcya artha ho jaayegaa| brahma ke svarUpa kI vidhi kA hI nAma hai- anya padArtha kA apoha, kevala vidhi aura apoha meM nAma mAtra kA bheda hai artha bheda nahIM hai- jisase dvaita yA niSedha padArtha kI aniSTa siddhi ho sakatI ho, arthAt nahIM ho sakatI arthAt vidhi kA kathana karanA yA niSedha kA kathana yaha nAma mAtra bheda hai ataH zabda se dvaita
Page #120
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 107 anyApohasyAnyArthApekSatvAt svarUpavidheH praanpeksstvaadrthbhedgteH| paramAtmanyadvaye sati tatonyasyArthasyAbhAvAt kathaM tadapekSayAnyApoha iti cet n| paraparikalpitasyAvazyAbhyugamanIyatvAt / sopyavidyAtmaka eveti cet , kimavidyAtopohastadapekSo neSTa: ? sopyavidyAtmaka eveti cet tarhi tattvato nAvidyAtopohaH paramAtmana iti kutovidyAtvaM yena sa eva padasyArtho nityaH pratiSTheta / satyapi ca paramAtmani saMvedanAtmanyadvaye kathaM zabdaviSayatvaM ? svasaMvedanAdeva tasya prasiddhastatpratipattaye zabdavaiyarthyAt / tato mithyApravAda evAyaM nityaM dravyaM padArtha iti|| vyaktAvekatra zabdena nirNItAyAM kathaMcana / tadvizeSaNabhUtAyA jAteH saMpratyaya: svtH||25|| guDazabdAdyathA jJAne guDe mAdhuryanirNayaH / svataH pratIyate loke prokto niMbe ca tiktatA // 26 // kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki anyApoha (niSedha) aura svarUpa kI vidhi meM antara hai| anyApoha meM anya arthoM kI apekSA rahatI hai aura svarUpa kI vidhi meM para padArthoM kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai| yaha ina donoM meM antara hai| inameM bhinna-bhinna artha jJAta hotA hai| parama brahma tattva ke sarvathA eka (advaita) hone para usase anya padArthoM kA abhAva ho jAne se anya padArthoM kI apekSA rakhane vAlA anyApoha siddha kaise ho sakatA hai aisA puruSAdvaita vAdI kA kahanA bhI susaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki anya darzanoM ke dvArA kalpita padArthoM ko avazya svIkAra karanA caahie| usakA niSedha nahIM karanA caahie| yadi kaho ki parama brahma se bhinna anya padArtha kalpita hone se avidyA svarUpa haiM vAstavika nahIM hai to kyA avidyA se apoha (vyAvRtti) karanA anya padArthoM kI apekSA yukta Apane iSTa nahIM kiyA hai? arthAt anya padArthoM kA apoha Apako iSTa hI hai| yadi kaho ki parama brahma se avidyA kA apoha karanA avidyAtmaka hI hai taba to vAstavika rUpa dvArA parama brahma avidyA se pRthak nahIM ho sakatA, ataH brahma ko vidyApana (samyagjJAnatva) kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt avidyA se rahitapanA bhI yadi avidyA hI hai to vastuta: brahma avidyA se rahita nahIM hai| jisase ki. vaha nitya brahma hI pada kA vAcya artha pratiSThita ho ske| ____saMvedanAtmaka parama brahma ko advaita mAna lene para vaha paramabrahma zabda janya jJAna kA viSaya kaise ho sakatA hai| kyoMki puruSAdvaita matAnusAra parama brahma kI saMvedana pratyakSa se hI siddhi ho jAtI hai ata: parama brahma kI pratipatti ke lie zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai| isalie pada kA vAcya artha nitya hI, hai aisA kathana karanA mithyA pravAda hai| kyoMki nitya, anitya, vidhi, niSedha, dvaita, advaita zabda kA vAcya artha hai| zabda ke dvArA kisI bhI prakAra eka vyakti ke nirNIta ho jAne para usa vyakti kI vizeSaNa bhUta ho rahI jAti kA svata: jJAna ho hI jAtA hai| jaise gur3a zabda kA jJAna ho jAne para gur3a meM sthita mAdhurya kA nirNaya ho jAtA hai| tathA loka meM nIma kI jJapti hone para usameM sthita tiktarasa kA jJAna svayameva ho jAtA hai||25-26|| puna: vyakti ke dvArA nirNIta pratIti meM Agata jAti ke dvArA loka jisa-jisa abhISTa vyakti
Page #121
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *108 - prA pratItayA punarjAtyA vizaSTAM vyaktimIhitAm / yAM yAM pazyati tatrAyaM pravartetArthasiddhaye // 27 // tathA ca sakala: zAbdavyavahAraH prasiddhyati / pratIterbAdhazUnyatvAdityeke saMpracakSate // 28 // na pradhAnaM zuddhadravyaM zabdatattvamAtmatattvaM vA dvayaM padArthaH pratItibAdhitatvAt / nApi bhedavAdinAM nAnAvyaktiSu nityAsu vAzabdasya pravRttiH tatra saMketakaraNAsaMbhavAdidoSAvatArAt / kiM tarhi ? vyaktAvekasyAM zabdaH pravartate zRMgagrAhikayA paropadezAlliMgadarzanAdvA tasyAM tato nirNItAyAM tadvizeSaNabhUtAyAM jAtau svata eva nizcayo yathA guDAdizabdAdguDAderniNaye tadvizeSaNe mAdhuryAdau tathAbhyAsAdivazAlloke saMpratyayAt / tataH svanizcatayA jAtyA viziSTAmabhipretAM yAM vyaktiM pazyati tatra tatreSTasiddhaye pravartate / tAvatA ca sakalazAbdavyavahAra: siddhyati bAdhakAbhAvAditi vyaktipadArthavAdinaH praahuH|| tadapyasaMgataM jaatiprtiitervRttisNbhve| zabdenAjanyamAnAyA: zabdavRttivirodhataH // 29 // ko dekhatA hai, una-una vyaktiyoM meM yaha loka (jIva) artha (prayojana) kI siddhi ke lie pravRtti karatA hai||27|| tathA ca (isa prakAra) zabda janya sampUrNa loka vyavahAra prasiddha hotA hai / isa samIcIna pravRtti ke bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| isa prakAra vaizeSika Adi koI kahate haiN||28|| pradhAna (prakRti), zuddha dravya, zabda tattva aura advaita Atma tattva ye pada ke vAcya artha nahIM haiN| kyoMki isa kathana meM pramANa siddha pratItiyA~ bAdhita hotI haiM arthAt-isa kathana meM pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa se bAdhA AtI hai| tathA bheda kA kathana karane vAle bhedavAdiyoM ke (dvaitavAdiyoM ke) yahA~ mAnI gayI nitya aura aneka vyaktiyoM meM zabdoM kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI aura una nitya vyaktiyoM meM saMketa karane ko asaMbhavatva, ananvaya, pravRttyabhAva Adi aneka doSoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| vyaktivAdI aura jAtivAdI donoM kA nirAkaraNa ___zaMkA : phira pada kA vAcya artha kyA hai ? samAdhAna : zRMga grAhikA nyAya se (aMgulI ke dvArA nirdeza ke samAna arthAt aMguli kA nirdeza eka vyakti kI tarapha hI hotA hai ataH) pahale zabda eka hI vyakti meM pravRtti karatA hai aura paropadeza se vA hetu ke dRSTigocara hone se usa vyakti kI nirNaya ho jAne para vyakti kI vizeSaNa bhUta jAti, svayameva nirNIta ho jAtI hai, jaise gur3Adi zabda se gur3a Adi kA nirNaya ho jAne para unake vizeSaNa-bhUta mAdhurya Adi meM usa prakAra ke abhyAsa se loka meM jJAna ho hI jAtA hai, isalie svayaM nizcita jAti se viziSTa jisa vyakti ko mAnava dekhatA hai, usa-usameM apanI viziSTa siddhi ke lie pravRtti karatA hai| utane (usa pravRtti) se hI sarva zAbda janya vyavahAra kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, isameM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai isa prakAra vyakti ko pada kA vAcya artha kahane vAle kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra vyakti padArtha vAdI kA kahanA susaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda ke dvArA ajanyamAna jAti kI pratIti se jAtimAna padArtha meM pravRtti mAna lene para zabda kI vRtti se virodha AtA hai arthAt jAti se utpanna vRtti ko zabda se utpanna kahanA viruddha hai||29||
Page #122
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 109 pAraMparyeNa cecchabdAtsA vRttiH karaNAnna kim / tato na zabdato vRttireSAM syAjAtivAdivat // 30 // pratItAyAmapi zabdAdvyaktAvekatra yAvat svatastajjAti pratItA na tAvattadviziSTAM vyaktiM pratItya kazcit pravartate iti / jAtipratyayAdeva pravRttisaMbhave zabdAt sA pravRttiriti viruddhaM, jAtipratyayasya zabdenAjanyamAnatvAt / zabdAdvyaktipratItibhAve tadvizeSaNabhUtAyA jAteH saMpratyayAttata eva jAtirgamyata eveti cet , kathamevaM vyaktivajjAtirapi zabdArtho na syAt? tasyAH zabdato'zrUyamANatvAditi cet , kimidAnIM zabdato gamyamAnorthaH zabdasyAviSayaH / pradhAnabhAvenAviSaya eveti cenna, gamyamAnasyApi pradhAnabhAvadarzanAt yathA guDazabdAdgamyamAnaM mAdhuryaM pittopazamanaprakaraNe / na cAtra jAterapradhAnatvamucitaM tatpratItimaMtareNa pravRttyarthina: ___ yadi vaha pravRtti paramparA se zabda se utpanna huI kahI jAvegI to paramparA se zrotra indriya se vaha pravRtti honA kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai ataH kevala jAti ko zabda kA vAcya kahane vAloM ke samAna ina vyakti vAdiyoM ke bhI zabda ke dvArA zabda bodha prakriyA se padArthoM meM pravRtti honA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai||30|| zabda ke dvArA eka vyakti kI pratIti ho jAne para bhI jaba taka usameM rahane vAlI jAti kI svataH pratIti nahIM hotI hai, taba taka usa jAti se viziSTa vyakti kI pratIti karake koI bhI prANI pravRtti nahIM karatA hai isalie jAti jJAna se jAti viziSTa vyakti kA nirNaya karake jAti jJAna se pravRtti saMbhava hone para, 'vaha pravRtti zabda se huI hai' aisA mAnanA viruddha hai kyoMki vyaktivAdI ke matAnusAra jAti kA jJAna zabdajanya nahIM ____vyaktivAdI kahatA hai ki zabda se vyakti kA jJAna ho jAne para vyakti kI vizeSaNa bhUta jAti kA jJAna hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate hai taba to vyakti ke samAna jAti bhI zabda kA vAcya artha kyoM nahIM hogA? avazya hogaa| yadi kaho ki jAti kA zabda ke dvArA azrUyamAna (karNa kA viSaya nahIM) hone se zrotraindriya dvArA bodha nahIM hotaa| (arthAt vyakti ke vizeSaNa se hI jAti kI jJapti hotI hai svata: nahIM ) taba to isa samaya zabda ke dvArA arthApatti se jJAta padArtha zabda kA viSaya nahIM ho sktaa| _ arthAt zabda ke dvArA gamyamAna aura ucyamAna donoM hI artha zabda ke vAcya artha haiM jaise gRha isa zabda kA artha ghara aura ghara kA konA donoM hote haiN| vyakti vAdI kahatA hai ki zabda ke dvArA kathita artha to pradhAna rUpa se zabda kA viSaya hai-parantu arthApatti se liyA gayA artha pradhAna rUpa se zabda kA viSaya nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki gamyamAna (zabda ke dvArA jisakI jJapti hotI hai usa padArtha) kI bhI pradhAnatA dekhI jAtI hai| jaise pitta doSa ke upazamana ke prakaraNa meM gur3a zabda ke dvArA gamyamAna mAdhurya pradhAna ho jAtA hai| (arthAt mAdhurya kA uccAraNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai tathApi gur3a zabda se gamya hokara mAdhurya pradhAna ho jAtA hai) ataH vyakti ko pradhAna aura jAti ko apradhAna kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki jAti kI pratIti (nirNaya) kiye binA zabda ke dvArA ghaTAdika meM pravRtti karane ke abhilASI puruSa kI pravRtti honA zakya nahIM hai| yadi vyaktivAdI
Page #123
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 110 prvRttynupptteH| yadi punarjAti: zabdAdgamyamAnApi neSyate tatpratyayasyAbhyAsAdivazAdevotpattestadA kathamazabdAjjAtipratyayAnna pravRttiH? pAraMparyeNa zabdAt sA pravRttiriti cet , karaNAt kiM na syAt ? yathaiva hi zabdAdvyaktipratItistato jAtipratyayastatastaviziSTe hi tadvyaktau saMpratyayAt pravRttiriti zabdamUlA sA tathA zabdasyApyakSAtpratIterakSamUlAstu tathA vyavahArAnnaivamiti cet , samAnamanyatra / tato na vyaktipadArthavAdinAM jAtipadArthavAdinAmiva zabdAtsamIhitArthe pravRttiH zabdenAparicchinna eva tatra teSAM pravartanAt / etena tavayasyaiva padArthatvaM nivAritam / pakSe dvayoktadoSasyAzakteH syAdvAdavidviSAm // 31 // na hi jAtivyaktI paramabhinne bhinne vA sarvathA saMbhAvyete yena padArthatvena yugapatpratImaH / yena svabhAvena punaH jAti zabda se gamyamAna hai, aisA nahIM hai apitu jAti kA jJAna abhyAsa prakaraNa Adi se utpanna hotA hai, aisA mAnatA hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to jAti zabda ke uccAraNa ke binA hI jAti jJAna se vyakti meM pravRtti kyoM nahIM hotI hai| yadi kaho ki paramparA se zabda ke dvArA vaha pravRtti huI hai ata: aisA kahA jAtA hai ki zabda se pravRtti huI hai| to paramparA se indriyoM ke dvArA pravRtti hotI hai aisA kyoM nahIM kahA jAtA hai| jaise zabda se pUrva vyakti kI pratIti hai, tadanantara jAti kA jJAna hotA hai, tadanantara jAti viziSTa vyakti meM zAbda bodha hone se pravRtti hotI hai ataH pravRtti kA mUla kAraNa paramparA se zabda hai| usI prakAra zrotrendriya se zabda ko jAnakara vyakti kA jJAna hotA hai, vyakti se jAti kA aura tadanantara jAti viziSTa vyakti kA nirNaya karake zAbda-bodha se vyakti meM pravRtti hotI hai, isalie pravRtti kI mUla kAraNa zrotra indriya hai| vyaktivAdI kahatA hai ki zAbda bodha prakaraNa meM zrotra indriya se pravRtti hone kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai apitu zabda se pravRtti kA vyavahAra hotA hai ataH zrotra indriya paramparA se pravRtti kA mUla kAraNa nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki dUsare sthala (gamyamAna jAti ko bhI zabda kA vAcya artha svIkAra karane) meM bhI samAna hI haiM arthAt nyAya prApta viSaya ko sarvatra samAna rUpa se vyavahAra karanA caahie| isase yaha siddha hotA ki jAti ko pada kA vAcya artha kahane vAle mImAMsaka ke samAna vyakti padArtha vAdiyoM ke yahA~ bhI zabda ke dvArA abhISTa artha meM pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki zabda ke dvArA ajJAta vastu meM hI vyaktivAdiyoM kI jAtivAdiyoM ke samAna yadvA tadvA pravRtti hogii| uparyukta kathana se vyaktivAdI aura jAtivAdI donoM ke padArthatva (pada ke artha kA, vAcyapane) kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai kyoMki syAdvAda se dveSa rakhane vAle ekAntavAdiyoM ke donoM pakSa svIkAra karane vAle ke bhI upari kathita donoM pakSoM meM doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai||31|| jAti aura vyakti donoM hI sarvathA bhinna aura abhinna saMbhava nahIM haiN| jisase pada ke vAcya artha ko yugapat hama jAna lete haiN| jisa svabhAva se jAti aura vyakti bhinna haiM usI svabhAva se abhinna haiM, aisA kathana viruddha par3atA hai|
Page #124
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 111 bhinne tenaivAbhinne ityapi viruddhaM, krameNa jAtivyaktyoH parasparAnapekSayoH padArthatve pakSadvayoktadoSAsaktiH / kvacijjAtizabdAt pratItya lakSaNayA vyakti pratipadyate, kvacidvyaktiM pratItya jAtimiti hi jAtivyaktipadArthavAdipakSAdevAsakRjjAtivyaktyAtmavastunaH padArthatve kimanena syAdvAdavidveSeNa / kecidatrAkRtipadArthavAdinaH praahuH|| lohitAkRtimAcaSTe yathokto lohitadhvaniH / lohitAkRtyadhiSThAne vibhAgAllohite guNe // 32 // tadAvezAttathA tatra pratyayasya samudbhavAt / dravye ca samavAyena prasUyeta tadAzraye // 33 // guNe samAzritatvena samavAyAttadAkRteH / saMyuktasamavete ca dravyenyatropapAdayet // 34 // paraspara anapekSa jAti aura vyakti ke krama se pada kA vAcya artha hotA hai, aisA mAnane para donoM pakSoM meM kahe gaye doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| (arthAt zabda ke dvArA yugapat aura krama se unakA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa)| kahIM to zabda ke dvArA jAti ko jAnakara zrotA tathAnupapatti yA anvayAnupapatti kA prakaraNa hone para lakSaNA ke dvArA vyakti ko jAnatA hai aura kahIM paraspara kI apekSA rakhane vAlI vyakti kA nirNaya kara usakA vizeSaNa rUpa jAti ko jAna letA hai| isa prakAra jAti aura vyakti ko pada kA vAcya artha kahane vAle vAdI ke pakSa se bAra-bAra jAti vyakti svarUpa vastu ko hI pada kA vAcyaarthapanA AtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to syAdvAda ke sAtha dveSa karane se kyA prayojana hai| arthAt sadRza pariNAmarUpa jAti aura vizeSa pariNAmoM ke AdhAra para vyakti, ina donoM se yugapat tadAtmaka vastu ko pada kA vAcya artha syAdvAda kI zaraNa lene se hI bana sakatA hai| syAdvAda mata meM hI vastu jAti aura vyakti kA tadAtmaka piNDa hai| . koI padArtha kI AkRti (AkAra) ko hI pada kA vAcya artha kahate haiM unakA mantavya kahate haiM : avayavoM kI racanA vizeSa vA saMsthAna vizeSa ko AkRti kahate haiM jaise vaktA ke dvArA kathita lohita (rakta) zabda rakta ke saMsthAna vizeSa AkRti ko kaha detA hai| guNa aura AkRti kA vibhAga karane se lohita AkRti ke AdhArabhUta usa lohita guNa meM bhI usa AkRti ke Aveza se lohita guNa kA jJAna ho jAtA hai tathA samavAya sambandha se guNa ke AdhArabhUta dravya meM bhI lohita kA jJAna ho jAtA haiN| rakta (yaha zabda) do vastroM se ghire hue zukla vastra meM bhI rakta jJAna utpanna kara detA hai kyoMki samavAya sambandha se vaha AkRti guNoM meM Azrita hai tathA saMyukta samavAya sambandha se, vaha AkRti dUsare dravyoM meM sthita hokara bhI rakta aura vastra ina donoM meM lohita jJAna ko yukti se utpanna karA detI hai arthAt rakta zabda rakta kI racanA vizeSa ko kahatA hai| vaha racanA guNa meM hotI hai aura guNa dravya meM rahate haiM dravya dUsare dravya se saMyukta rahatA hai| jaise rakta AkRti hai, vaha lAla guNa meM rahatA hai, guNa kisI dravya ke Azraya hai aura vaha dravya sAr3I Adi ke Azrita hai| isa paramparA se jaise guNa vAcaka lohita zabda guNa dravya aura dravyAntara ko jaise pratipAdana karatA hai vaise hI jAti vAcaka go zabda bhI svata: apane sIMga, sAsnA Adi avayavoM
Page #125
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 112 lohitapratyayaM raktavastradvayavRtepi ca / tathA gauriti zabdopi kathayatyAkRtiM svataH // 35 // gotvarUpAttadAvezAttadadhiSThAna eva tu / tadAzraye ca gopiMDe gobuddhiM kuruteMjasA // 36 / / kasmAt punarguNe dravye dravyAMtare ca pratyayaM kurvannAkRterabhidhAyakaH zabda iti na codyaM, lohitazabdo hyAMtaranirapekSo guNasAmAnye svarUpaM pratilabdhasvarUpa: tadadhiSThAno yadA na guNasya lohitasya nApyalohitatvena vyAvazAtpratyAyanaM karoti tadA vibhAgAbhAvAdAkRtyadhiSThAna eva / sa tu guNe pratyayamAdadhatItyAkRtimabhidhatte / yathopAzrayavizeSAt sphaTikamaNiM tadguNamupalabhyamAnamadhyakSaM sphaTikamaNereva prakAzakaM tadadhiSThAnasya paropahitaguNavyAvezAdavibhAgena tadguNatvapratyayajananAt / evaM dravyamabhidadhAno lohitazabdaH kI AkRti (racanA vizeSa) ko kahatA hai| tathA usa gotva rUpa AkRti ke Aveza se usa gotva ke AdhArabhUta go ke avayavoM meM go kA jJAna karA detA hai / tathA gau ke avayavoM ke saMyogI vA avayavoM ke AdhArabhUta piNDarUpa go vyakti meM zIghra hI go kA jJAna karA detA hai arthAt go zabda sAkSAt go kI AkRti ko kahatA hai aura paramparA se go ke avayava gau aura anya gAyoM kA bhI jJAna karA dete haiN||32-33-3435-36|| AkRtivAdI kahate haiM ki "guNa, dravya aura dravyAntaroM meM svajanya jJAna ko karane vAle zabda ko AkRti kA hI jJAna karAne vAlA kyoM kahate haiM, guNa Adi kA jJAna karAne vAle kyoM nahIM kahate haiM" aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki rakta zabda anya arthoM kI apekSA na karake sAmAnya rUpa se raktaguNa meM apane svarUpa kA lakSaNa lAbha karatA huA guNa sAmAnya kA avalambana lekara pratiSThita hai| jaba vaha lohita zabda alohita ke Aveza se niSiddha hokara lohita guNa kA jJAna nahIM karAtA hai, taba guNa-guNI ke vibhAga kA abhAva hone se vaha lohita zabda AkRti meM hI adhiSThita rahatA hai| vahI lohita zabda rakta guNa kA jJAna karatA huA lohita (rakta) kI AkRti ko kaha detA hai jaise upAdhi vizeSa se yukta sphaTika maNi ko jAnane vAlA pratyakSa jJAna usa upAdhi ke guNoM ko jAnatA huA bhI sphaTika prakAzaka hotA hai kyoMki usa guNa ke AkramaNa kA anya upAdhiyukta guNa ke Aveza se vibhAga na karake guNatva ke jJAna kA janaka hotA hai arthAt jisa prakAra japA puSpa kI lAlimA sphaTika maNi meM Aropita kara lI jAtI hai, isI prakAra lohita zabda bhI paramparA se dravya kA saMketa kara rahA hai| tathA lohita zabda kA sAkSAt apanA vAcya artha lohita rUpa AkRti hai aura usa AkRti kI lohita guNa meM samavAya sambandha se varttanA hotI hai, ata: lohita guNa kA dravya meM samavAya sambandha hai| jo samavAya sambandha se dravya meM rahatA hai, vaha samavAya samaveta kahalAtA hai| ata: paramparA se guNa ke vyavadhAnayuktadravya meM bhI lohita zabda lohita jJAna ko utpanna karA detA hai kyoMki AkRti kA AdhAra samaveta samavAya nAmaka paramparA sambandha se dravya hI hai|
Page #126
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 113 . svAbhidheyalohitatvAkRterlohitaguNe samavetAyAstasya ca dravye samavetatvAdAkRtyadhiSThAna eva tatsamavetasamavAyAdguNavyavahitepi dravye lohitapratyayamupapAdayet , evamanyatra dravye lohitadravyasya saMyuktatvAt tatra ca lohitaguNasya samavetatvAt tatra ca lohitAkRteH samavAyAt saMyuktasamavetasamavAyAMtaramupajanayet / evaM tu vastradvayavRte zukle vastre saMyuktasamavetasamavAyAditi yathA pratItaM loke tathA gauriti zabdAdapi svato gotvarUpAmAkRtiM kathayati tatra pratilabdhasvarUpastadadhiSThAna eva tadgopiMDe gopratyayaM karotyavibhAgena tasya tadAvezAt // evaM pacatizabdodhizrayaNAdikriyAgataiH / sAmAnyaiH samamekArthasamavetaM prabodhayet // 37 // vyApakaM pacisAmAnyamadhizrityAdikarmaNAm / yathA bhramaNasAmAnyaM bhramatIti dhvanirjane // 38 // pacatyAdizabdaH kriyApratipAdaka eva nAkRtiviSaya iti mA maMsthAH svayamAkRtyadhiSThAnasya tasya pcnaadikriyaaprtyyhetutvaat| pacatizabdo hi yAH kAzcanAdhizrayaNAdikriyAstAsAM yAni pratyarthaniyatAnyadhizrayaNatvAdisAmAnyAni taiH sahaikArthe samavetaM yatsarvaviSayaM pacisAmAnyamabhivyaktaM tatpratipAdayati yathA bhramatizabdo'nekakarmaviSayaM bhramaNasAmAnyaM loke // ____isa prakAra anya (dUsare) dravya meM lohita dravya kA saMyuktapanA hone se, aura usameM lohita guNa kA samaveta hone se tathA lohita AkRti kA samavAya hone se lohita zabda saMyukta samaveta samavAya se dravyAntara meM bhI lohita jJAna utpanna karA detA hai tathA jaise donoM ora se rakta vastra se veSTita zukla vastra meM bhI, saMyukta samaveta samavAyasambandha se lohita zabda lohita jJAna utpanna karA detA hai, aisI loka pratIti hotI hai| usI prakAra gau' yaha zabda bhI svakIya AkRti ko kahatA hai aura gorUpatva AkRti meM apanA svarUpa lAbha karatA huA 'gau' zabda vyaktirUpa gopiNDa meM go kA jJAna karA detA hai kyoMki AkRti aura vyakti meM avibhAga se pratibhAsa hotA hai| isalie yaha siddha hotA hai ki guNoM kA kathana karane vAlA 'lohita' zabda tathA jAti ko kahane vAlA 'go zabda' ye sabhI zabda AkRti ko hI kahate haiN| isI prakAra kriyAvAcI pacati zabda adhizriti (pacati kriyA ke AdhAra se hone vAlI) kledana, pacana Adi kriyAgata sAmAnya ke sAtha ekArtha samavAya sambandha se pacana sAmAnya rUpa AkRti kA jJAna karAtA hai| jaise bhramati zabda loka meM bhramaNa karane vAle bhramaNa sAmAnya kA jJAna karAtA hai vaise hI pacana kriyA kI vyApya, kledana, adhizriti Adi kriyAoM meM vyApaka rUpa se rahane vAlI pacana sAmAnya rUpa AkRti ko pacati zabda jJAna karAtA hai| arthAt kriyAvAcI zabda se bhI AkRti kA hI jJAna hotA hai||37-38|| pacati Adi zabda kriyA ke hI pratipAdaka haiM, AkRti ke viSaya ke pratipAdaka nahIM hai, aisA nahIM mAnanA caahie| kyoMki pacana Adi kriyA zabdoM ke dvArA svayaM AkRti ke adhikaraNa ho rahe usa artha ke pacana Adi kriyA kA jJAna karAne kI kAraNatA hotI hai| ___kyoMki 'pacati' zabda jo koI bhI vikledana, adhizrayaNa Adi kriyAe~ haiM, unake pratyeka kriyA rUpa artha meM niyamita hokara sthita adhizrayaNatva, vikledanatva Adi sAmAnya haiM, unake sAtha eka artha meM
Page #127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 114 tathA DitthAdizabdAzca pUrvAparavizeSagam / yadRcchatvAdisAmAnyaM tasyaiva pratibodhakAH // 39 // na hi Dittho Davittha ityAdayo yadRcchAzabdAstairapi DitthatvAdyAkRterabhidhAnAt / / ityevamAkRtiM zabdasyArthaM ye nAma menire| tenAtizerate jAtivAdinaM proktanItitaH // 40 // jAtirAkRtirityarthabhedAbhAvAtkathaMcana / guNatve tvAkRtervyaktivAda evAsthito bhavet // 41 // na sarvA jAtirAkRtirnApi gunnshctursraadisNsthaanlkssnnH| kiM tarhi ? saMsthAnavizeSavyaMgyA jaatilohittvgotvaadiraakRtiH sA ca saMsthAnavizeSAnabhivyaMgyAyAH sttvaadijaaternyaa| na sarvaM saMsthAnavizeSeNaiva vyaMgyaM tadrahitAkAzAdiSvapi bhAvAt / dravyatvamanenAtadvyaMgyamuktaM tathA guNeSu saMsthAnavizeSAbhAvAt / samavAya sambandha se sthita sarva kriyA dharmoM ko viSaya karane vAlA abhivyakta pacana sAmAnya kA pratipAdana karatA haiN| jaise bhramaNa zabda loka meM aneka ghUmane rUpa kriyAoM ko viSaya karane vAle bhramaNa sAmAnya kA kathana karatA haiN| jaise dravya zabda, kriyA zabda, saMyogI zabda, samavAyI zabda AkRti ko kahate haiM, vaise hI Dittha, Davittha Adi yadRcchA zabda bhI pUrvApara (pahale aura pIche) vizeSoM meM rahane vAle yadRcchatva Adi sAmAnya ke pratibodhaka haiN| arthAt pUrvApara meM rahane vAlI sAmAnya jAti rUpa AkRti kA jJAna karAne vAle haiN||39|| Dittha,' Davittha, pusta' ityAdika zabda svataMtra yadRcchA zabda nahIM haiM kintu una Dittha Adi zabdoM ke dvArA bhI DitthapanA Adi AkRti kA hI kathana hotA hai arthAt apanI icchAnusAra kisI kA nAma rakhA jAtA hai vaha yadRcchA zabda (nAma) kahalAtA hai| vaha yadRcchA zabda bhI AkRti kA hI dyotaka hai| isa prakAra jo AkRti ko hI zabda kA vAcya artha mAnate haiM, ve UparI kathita nIti se jAtivAda kA ullaMghana nahIM karate haiM arthAt jAti ke vyApya AkRti ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnanA vA jAti ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnanA eka hI hai||40|| kathaMcana (kisI prakAra se) jAti aura AkRti meM arthabheda kA abhAva hai arthAt jAti aura AkRti eka hI padArtha haiN| tathA AkRti ko guNa mAna lene para vyaktivAda kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai // 40-41 // koI vAdI kahatA hai ki sarva jAtiyA~ AkRti nahIM haiM aura sampUrNa catuSkoNa trikoNa Adi saMsthAna lakSaNa vAle guNa bhI AkRti nahIM haiN| prazna : to phira AkRti kisako kahate haiM ? uttara : saMsthAna vizeSa se abhivyakta lohitva, gotva Adi jAti AkRti haiN| vaha AkRti saMsthAna vizeSa se abhivyakta (pragaTa) nahIM hone vAlI satva Adi jAti se pRthak haiN| saMsthAna Adi se rahita AkAza, kAla Adi padArthoM meM sattva, dravyatva Adi sAmAnya jAti vizeSa kA sadbhAva hone se jAti sarva saMsthAna Adi se pragaTa hotI hai, aisA nahIM kaha skte| ata: sabhI sAmAnya saMsthAna vizeSa se hI pragaTa hotA hai, yaha niyama nahIM hai| tathA isa 1. kATha se nirmita hAthI kA nAma Dittha hai| 2. khaira kI lakar3I ke bane hue manuSya kA nAma Davittha hai aura 3. kapar3e se nirmita manuSya Adi ko pusta kahate haiN|
Page #128
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 115 tadvadAtmatvAdi tadanabhivyaMgyaM bahudhA pratyeyaM / gotvaM punarna sAsnAdisannivezavizeSamaMtareNa piMDamAtreNa yujyate azvAdipiMDenApi tadabhivyaktiprasaMgAt / tathA rAjatvamAnuSatvAdi sarvamiti kazcit / sopi na vipazcit / lohitatvAdeH saMsthAnavizeSarahitena lohitAdiguNena vyavacchedyamAnatvAt / pacatyAdisAmAnyasya ca pacanAdikarmaNA tAdRzena vyaMgyatvAdAkRtitvAbhAvAnuSaMgAt / sattvAdijAtezcAkRtitvAnabhyupagame kathamAkRtireva padArtha ityekAMta: siddhyet / jAtiguNakarmaNAmapi padArthatvasiddheya'ktAkRtijAtayazca padArtha ityabhyupagacchatAmadoSa iti cenna, teSAmapi kasyacit padasya vyaktirevArthaH kasyacidAkRtireva kasyacijjAtirevetyekAMtopagamAt pksstryoktdossaanusskteH| kiM c| saMsthAnavizeSeNa vyajyamAnAM jAtimAkRtiM vadatAM kutaH saMsthAnAnAM vizeSa: kathana se dravyatva nAma kA sAmAnya bhI saMsthAna se abhivyakta nahIM hotA hai| yaha bhI kaha diyA gayA hai| kiM ca, guNoM meM bhI saMsthAna vizeSa kA abhAva hai arthAt guNoM meM guNa nahIM rahate haiM aura saMsthAna mImAMsaka matAnusAra caubIsavA~ guNa haiN| isI prakAra AtmatvaM, dizAtva Adi bahuta sI jAtiyA~ bhI saMsthAna vizeSa se abhivyakta nahIM hotI haiM-aisA jAna lenA caahie| parantu aneka gAyoM meM rahane vAlI gotva jAti sAsnAAdi racanA vizeSa ke binA zarIra mAtra ke sAtha yukta nahIM hotI hai kyoMki yadi gotva jAti sAsnAdi racanA vizeSa ke binA zarIra mAtra ke sAtha yuktahogI to azva, gaja Adi ke zarIra ke sAtha bhI gotva kI abhivyakti hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| ata: vizeSa avayavoM kI racanA se jAti pragaTa hotI hai vaha AkRti hai| aisA hone para manuSyAdi vizeSa racanAoM se viziSTa manuSyatva, rAjatva, pazutva gotva Adi sabhI vizeSa jAtiyA~ AkRti ho jAtI haiM ve AkRtiyA~ zabda ke vAcya artha haiN| isa prakAra AkRtivAdI ke dvArA kathana kara lene para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki AkRtivAdI bhI vicArazIla paNDita nahIM haiM kyoMki lohitatva Adi jAtiyoM kA vizeSa saMsthAna se rahita lohitAdi guNa ke dvArA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai arthAt guNoM meM rahane vAlI lohita Adi jAtiyA~ AkAra rahita hokara bhI guNoM ke dvArA pragaTa ho jAtI haiN| ____tathA pacati Adi kriyAoM meM rahane vAlI samAna jAtiyA~ bhI saMsthAna vizeSa rahita pacana Adi karma se pragaTa ho jAtI haiN| yadi saMsthAna vizeSoM se hI AkRti rUpa jAti kA pragaTa honA mAneMge to lohitatva bhramaNatva Adi jAtiyoM ke AkRti ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi AkRtivAdI sattva, dravyatva, Atmatva Adi jAtiyoM ko AkRti rahita mAneMge to "AkRti hI zabda kA vAcya artha hai" aisA ekAnta kaise siddha hogaa| kyoMki jAti, guNa aura karma ina sabake bhI pada kA vAcyArthatva siddha hai| parantu AkRtivAdI ke matAnusAra jAti, guNa, karma meM saMsthAna vizeSa nahIM haiN| ata: ekAnta se saMsthAna vizeSa se AvirbhUta jAtirUpa AkRti hI zabda kA vAcyArtha hai, yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai| go, rakta, ghUmanA Adi jAti guNa kriyA rUpa vyaktiyA~ haiN| saMsthAna vizeSa se pragaTa hone vAlI jAti rUpa AkRtiyA~ haiM aura nitya jAtiyA~ haiN|
Page #129
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 116 siddhyet yenAkRtInAM vizeSastadvyaMgyatayAvatiSTheta / na tAvatsvata eva tanizcitiratiprasaMgAt / parasmAdvizeSaNAttadvizeSo nizcIyate iti cet, tadvizeSaNasyApi kuto vizeSovasIyatAM ? parasmAdvizeSaNAditi cedanavasthAnAt / saMsthAnavizeSA pratipattiriti kathaM tadvyaMgyAkRtivizeSanizcayaH / yadi punarAkRtivizeSanizcayAdetadabhivyaMjakasaMsthAnavizeSanizcaya: syAditi mataM tadA parasparAzrayaNaM, saMsthAnavizeSasya nizcaye satyAkRtivizeSasya nizcayastannizcaye sati saMsthAnavizeSanizcaya iti| svata evAkRtivizeSasya nizcayAdadoSa iti cet na, saMsthAnavizeSanizcayasyApi svata evAnuSaMgAt / pratyayavizeSAdAkRtivizeSa: ye vyakti, AkRti aura jAti pada kA vAcya artha hai aisA svIkAra karane para AkRtivAdI naiyAyikoM ke kathana meM koI doSa nahIM AtA hai-aisA bhI nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki vyakti, AkRti aura jAti ina tInoM ko vAcyArtha svIkAra karane vAle ke matAnusAra kisI pada kA artha vyakti hai, kisI pada kA artha AkRti hai aura kisI pada kA artha jAti hai, yaha siddha ho jAne para pada kA artha AkRti hI hai yaha ekAnta se kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai vA jAti hI, vyakti hI aura AkRti hI pada kA vAcya artha hai-aisA ekAnta svIkAra karane para tInoM pakSa meM kathita doSoM kA anuSaMga (prasaMga) AtA hai| kiM ca-saMsthAna vizeSa se abhivyakta jAti ko AkRti kahane vAle ke saMsthAnoM (AkRtiyoM) kA vizeSapanA kisa hetu se siddha hotA hai ? jisase usa vizeSa saMsthAna se abhivyakta AkRtiyoM kI vizeSa vyavasthA ho sake vA vizeSa saMsthAna se abhivyakta AkRtiyA~ pragaTa rUpa se vyavasthita ho sakeM arthAt gotvaM Adi racanA vizeSa kA hetu kyA hai, jisase gotva Adi vizeSa AkRtiyoM kA bodha ho sake ? saMsthAna vizeSa kA svayameva nirNaya nahIM hotA hai kyoMki svayameva AkRtiyoM kA nirNaya mAna lene para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt kisI bhI AkRti kA kisI meM nirNaya ho jAyegA, gotva meM hAthI kA bhI nirNaya ho jAne se atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| dUsare vizeSaNoM se saMsthAna vizeSa kA nirNaya hotA hai aisA mAnane para to una saMsthAna vizeSa kA nirNaya karAne vAle vizeSaNoM kI vizeSatAoM kA nizcaya kisa hetu se kiyA jaayegaa| usakA bhI nirNaya dUsare kAraNa se hotA hai-aisA mAnane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai| tathA saMsthAna vizeSa kA nirNaya (pratipatti) na hone para saMsthAna vizeSa se abhivyakta AkRti vizeSa kA nizcaya vA nirNaya kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt nahIM ho sktaa| yadi punaH AkRti vizeSa ke nizcaya se isa abhivyakta AkRti vizeSa kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai, aisA mAnate ho to, anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai kyoMki saMsthAna vizeSa kA nizcaya hone para AkRti vizeSa kA nirNaya hogA aura AkRti vizeSa kA nirNaya hone para saMsthAna vizeSa kA nirNaya hogA isa prakAra anyo'nyAzraya doSa aayegaa| ___ svata: hI AkRti vizeSa kA nizcaya ho jAne se doSa nahIM AtA hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para saMsthAna vizeSa ke bhI svataH nizcaya hone kA prasaMga aayegaa|
Page #130
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 117 saMsthAnavizeSazca nizcIyata iti cet , kuta:pratyayavizeSasiddhiH? na tAvatsvasaMvedanataH siddhAMtavirodhAt / pratyayAMtarAccedanavasthA / viSayavizeSanirNayAditi cet , parasparAzrayaNaM, viSayavizeSasya siddhau pratyayavizeSasya siddhiH tatsiddhau ca tatsiddhiriti / na caivaM sarvatra vizeSavyavasthApahnavaH svasaMviditajJAnavAdinAM pratyayavizeSasya svArthavyavasAyAtmanaH svataH siddheH sarvatra vissyvyvsthopptteH| kathaM cAyamAkRtInAM gotvAdInAM parasparaM viziSTakRtAmaparavizeSeNa virahopi svymuppnnH| gavAdivyaktInAM vizeSaNavazAdeva tAmupagacchet tathA dRSTatvAditi cet na, tatraiva vivAdAt / tadavivAde vA vyaktyAkRtyAtmakasya vastunaH padArthatvasiddhistathA darzanasya sarvatra bhAvAt / yopi manyate'nyApohamAnaM zabdasyArtha iti tasyApi yadi AkRtivAdI kaheM ki jJAna vizeSa se AkRti vizeSa aura saMsthAna vizeSa kA nirNaya hotA hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki una pratyaya vizeSoM kI siddhi kaise hotI hai? svataH svasaMvedana se to pratyaya vizeSa kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki aisA mAnane para siddhAnta meM virodha AtA hai kyoMki naiyAyikoM ne jJAna kA pratyakSa honA anya jJAnoM se svIkAra kiyA haiN| . dUsare jJAnoM se pratyaya vizeSa kI siddhi mAnate haiM to anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi viSaya vizeSa se pratyaya vizeSa kI siddhi mAnate haiM to anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai| kyoMki viSayoM ke vizeSatA kI siddhi hone para jJAna vizeSa kI siddhi hotI hai aura jJAna vizeSa kI siddhi hone para viSayoM meM vizeSatA kI siddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai| aisA mAnane para sarvatra vizeSa vyavasthA kA apahnava (lopa) ho jAyegA, aisA nahIM hai kyoMki svasaMvidita jJAnavAdiyoM ke jJAna vizeSa kA svArtha vyavasAyAtmaka (nirNaya) svataH siddha hotA hai arthAt abhyAsa dazA meM jJAna kI pramANatA kA nirNaya svataH hotA hai aura usase sarvatra viSayoM kI vizeSatAoM kI vyavasthA ho jAtI hai arthAt syAdvAdiyoM ke darzana meM koI doSa nahIM AtA hai| ____ gotva, azvatva Adi AkRtiyoM kI paraspara vizeSatAoM kA nirNaya anya vizeSoM ke abhAva meM bhI svayaM hotA hai aisA svIkAra karane vAlA yaha naiyAyika go Adi vyaktiyoM kI usa viziSTatA ko vizeSaNoM ' ke AdhIna svayaM kyoM nahIM svIkAra karatA hai arthAt jaise AkRtiyoM ko vizeSatA ke binA svIkAra karatA hai to go Adi vyaktiyoM ko vizeSatA rahita svIkAra kyoM nahIM karatA hai| ve AkRtiyA~ svayaM vizeSatA rahita dRSTigocara hotI haiM, vaise vyaktiyA~ vizeSatA rahita dRSTigocara nahIM hotI haiM, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isameM vivAda hai ki AkRtiyoM ke samAna vyaktiyA~ vizeSatA rahita dRSTigocara kyoM nahIM hotI haiN| yadi isameM vivAda nahIM hai taba to vyakti aura AkRti Atmaka vastu ke padArthatva (pada ke vAcya artha) kI siddhi hotI hai kyoMki sarvatra zabda ko sunakara vyakti aura AkRti Atmaka vastu kA hI darzana (jJAna) hotA hai| ___ jo bauddha zabda kA vAcya artha kevala anyApoha mAnate haiM (vastu kA svabhAva astitva) zabda ke dvArA kahA nahIM jAtA hai apitu abhAva hI kahA jAtA hai, aisA mAnate haiM unakA khaNDana karate haiM:
Page #131
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 118 yadi gaurityayaM zabdo vidhattenyanivartanam / vidadhIta tadA gotvaM tannAnyApohagocaraH // 42 // svalakSaNamanyasmAdapohyatenenetyanyApoho vikalpastaM yadi gozabdo vidhatte tadA gAmeva kiM na viddhyaat| tathA ca nAnyApohazabdArthaH gozabdenAgonivRtteH kalpanAtmikAyAH svayaM vidhAnAt // agonivRttimapyanyanivRttimukhato yadi / gozabdaH kathayenUnamanavasthA prasajyate // 43 // _____na gauragauriti gonivRttistAvadekA tato dvitIyA tvagonivRttistatonyA tannivRttistRtIyA tatonyanivRttizcaturthI yadi gozabdena kathyate tanmukhena gatipravartanAt tadA sApi na gozabdena vidhiprAdhAnyenAbhidheyA dvitIyanivRtterapi tathAvidheyatvaprasaMgAt / gaureva vidhisiddheH svAnyanivRttidvAreNAbhidhIyata iti cet , tarhi yadi 'go' yaha zabda anya kA apoha (nivartana) karatA hai niSedha karatA hai to gotva kA vidhAna ho hI jAtA hai kyoMki go zabda ekAnta se anyApohagocara nahIM hai, apitu vidhi niSedhAtmaka hai vidhi aura niSedha eka sAtha rahate haiM arthAt rogI nahIM hai aisA kahane para yaha nIroga hai, yaha apane Apa siddha ho jAtA hai||42|| bauddha darzana meM vAstavika vastu svalakSaNasvarUpa hai| usa svalakSaNaM ke sivAya anya vastu kA nirAkaraNa jisake dvArA kiyA jAtA hai,vaha anyApoha kahalAtA hai| vaha anyApoha vikalpa hai, usa anyApoha rUpa vikalpa kA go zabda vidhAna (kathana) karatA hai to vaha jo zabda sAkSAt go vyakti kA kathana kyoM nahIM karatA tathA ca (isalie) zabda kA vAcya artha anyApoha hI nahIM hai kyoMki gozabda ke dvArA kalpanAsvarUpa ago (ghor3A Adi gAya ke sivAya vastuoM) kI nivRtti svayaM bauddhoM ne svIkAra kI hai arthAt go zabda se 'ago' kI nivRtti hai aura go kA vidhAna hotA hai, yaha svayaM siddha hotA hai| go zabda yadi ago kI nivRtti vidhi (bhAva) rUpa se nahIM karatA hai apitu anya padArtha kI nivRtti kI mukhyatA se karatA hai, aisA mAnate haiM taba to nizcaya se anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt go kA kathana karane ke lie bhaiMsa kA abhAva kahA jAyegA aura usake abhAva ke lie ghor3eM kA abhAva kahA jAyegA, ityAdi rUpa se anavasthA doSa aayegaa||43|| bauddha darzana meM go zabda kA vAcya artha agonivRtti mAnA hai| usa para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai ki sarvaprathama jo gau nahIM hai, vaha ago kahalAtI hai, yaha eka go nivRtti huii| usake anantara ago kI nivRtti huI yaha dUsarI nivRtti hai| yadi isa dUsarI ko bhI niSedha mukha se kaheMge to usase tIsarI nivRtti hogii| usake bAda apoha rUpa caturthI nivRtti hogii| yadi usa apoha ke mukhyapane se go zabda se gati (jJAna) kI pravRtti kahI jAtI hai to usa kAla meM bhI vaha caturtha nivRtti vidhi pradhAna go zabda se abhidheya (kahane yogya) nahIM hotI hai| yadi caturtha nivRtti ko vidhi rUpa se kathana karatI hai aisA mAnA jAyegA to dUsarI nivRtti ke bhI vidhi rUpa se abhidheyatva kA prasaMga aayegaa|
Page #132
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 119 tatonyA paMcamI nivRttistato nivRttiH SaSThI sA gozabdasyArtha ityanavasthA sudUramapyanusRtya tdvidhidvaarennaashrynnaat| nivRttiparaMparAyAmeva zabdasya vyApArAt / zabdo vivakSAM vidhatte na punarbahirarthamityabhyupagame kathamanyApohakRtsarvaH zabda:sarvathAvakturicchAM vidhattesau bahirarthaM na jAtucit / zabdonyApohakRtsarvaH yasya vAMdhyavina~bhitam // 44 // yathaiva hi zabdena bahirarthasya prakAzane tatra pramANAMtarA vRttiH sarvAtmanA tadvedanenArthasya nizcitatvAnnizcite samAropAbhAvAt / tadvyavacchedepi pramANAMtarasyApravRttervastuno dharmasya kasyacinnizcaye sarvadharmAtmakasya dharmiNo bauddha kahate haiM ki-gau ke samAna vidhi kI siddhi kA bhI apane se anyoM kI nivRtti ke dvArA hI kathana kiyA jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para to caturthI nivRtti se anya (bhinna) pA~cavIM nivRtti mAnanI par3egI aura usase apoha rUpa chaThI nivRtti go zabda kA vAcya artha hogI, isa prakAra anavasthA doSa aayegaa| ata: bahuta dUra taka pIche-pIche jAkara bhI usa vidhi dvAra kA Azraya lenA par3egA arthAt anta meM go zabda kA vAcya artha svIkAra karanA hI paDegA anyathA nivattiyoM kI paramparA meM hI zabda kA vyApAra banA rhegaa| (yadi zabda kA vAcya koI vastubhUta padArtha nahIM hai to buddha bhagavAna kisakA upadeza dete haiN|) ___ phira bauddha kahate haiM ki zabda vaktA kI icchA kA vidhAna karatA hai parantu bahiraMga artha ko nahIM kahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to sabhI zabda sarva prakAra se anyApoha ko karane vAle kaise ho sakate haiM arthAt jaba zabda vivakSA kA vidhAna kareMge to anyApoha rUpa abhAva ko kahane vAle kaise hoNge| zabda vaktA kI icchA kA vidhAna karatA hai, kabhI bhI bahirbhUta artha kA vidhAna nahIM karatA hai, isa prakAra jisake darzana meM sarva zabda anyApoha (abhAva) ko kahane vAle haiM, aisA kahanA bandhyA putra kI sI ceSTA karane ke samAna hai|||44|| ... ' jisa prakAra bahirbhUta ghaTa-paTa Adi padArthoM kA prakAzana honA mAna lene para zabda ke vAcya viSaya meM anya pratyakSa Adi pramANoM kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakegI kyoMki sarva rUpa se ghaTa zabda ke dvArA hI ghaTa artha kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai aura sarvAMza se nizcita padArtha meM saMzaya viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya rUpa samAropa nahIM rahatA hai yadi kisI aMza meM samAropa kA vyavaccheda (dUra) karanA mAna bhI liyA jAve to bhI pramANAntara kI pravRtti usameM nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki vastu ke kisI eka dharma kA nizcaya ho jAne para sampUrNa dharmoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka sambandha rakhane vAle dharmoM kA nizcaya ho hI jAtA hai| isalie sampUrNa dharma ke grahaNa kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt eka-eka dharma ke sAtha sabhI dharma aura dharmI kA abheda hai anyathA yadi dharma aura dharmI meM abheda nahIM mAnA jAyegA to usa dharmI se abhinna (tadAtmaka) eka dharma kA bhI nizcaya nahIM ho sakegA arthAt tAdAtmya sambandha meM eka dharma kA nizcaya ho jAne para sarva dharmoM kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai, aura eka dharma kA nizcaya nahIM hone para kisI kA bhI nizcaya nahIM hotA hai|
Page #133
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 120 nizcayAtsarvagrahApatteranyathA tadAtmakasyaikadharmasyApi nizcayAnupapattistato bhinnasya dharmasya nizcaye dharmiNi pravRttighaTanAt tena tasya smbndhaabhaavaadnupkaaryopkaarktvaat| tadupakAre vA dharmopakArazaktyAtmakasya dharmiNo dharmadvAreNa zabdAt pratipattau sakalagrahasya tadavasthatvAttadupakArazakterapi tato bhedenAnavasthAnAt / pratyakSavadvastuviSayasya zabdapratyayasya spaSTapratibhAsaprasaMgAcca na zabdasya tadviSayatvaM tathaiva vaktRvivakSAyAH zabdenAbhidhAne vizeSAbhAvAt / na ca tatra pramANAMtarA vRttirevAbhyupagaMtuM yuktA zabdAtsAmAnyataH pratipannAyAmapi tathA bhinna dharma kA nizcaya ho jAne para bhI dharmI meM pravRtti honA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki usa dharmI ke sAtha usa dharma ke sambandha kA abhAva hai| sabhI sambandhoM kA vyApaka sambandha upakArya aura upakAraka bhAva hai arthAt janya-janaka bhAva, guru-ziSya bhAva, kAraNa-kArya bhAvAdi meM paraspara upakArya, upakAraka bhAva hI AtA hai / ziSya ko guru zikSA-dIkSA detA hai, ziSya guru ke anukUla pravRtti karatA hai, guru kI vaiyAvRtti karatA hai, eka upakAraka hai dUsarA upakRta hai kintu isa prakaraNa meM upakArya,1 upakAraka bhAva na hone se dharma kA dharmI ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai| yadi una dharma, dharmI meM paraspara upakAraka aura upakArya bhAva mAna bhI liyA jAtA hai to dharmI kA dharma ke dvArA upakAra kiyA jAtA hai ki dharmI ke dvArA dharma kA upakAra kiyA jAtA hai ? yadi dharma ke upakAraka zakti Atmaka dharmI kI dharma ke dvArA zabda se pratIti (jJAna) hotI hai, taba to sampUrNa se dharma kA grahaNa ho jAne rUpa doSa vaisA kA vaisA hI avasthita hai arthAt abheda pakSa meM dharmI ke lie upakRta zaktiyoM se abhinna dharma kA jJAna ho jAne para bhI yahI doSa aayegaa| tathA dharma aura dharmI ko sarvathA bhinna mAna lene para anavasthA doSa utpanna hotA hai arthAt bhinnabhinna dharma, dharmI kA sambandha kisase hogA aura sambandha kA sambandha kisase hogA, ityAdi anavasthA doSa AtA hai| kiM ca-vastubhUta artha ko jAnane vAle sabhI jJAnoM kA pratibhAsa spaSTa hotA hai hama bauddha nirvikalpa jJAna ko hI vastu kA sparza karane vAlA mAnate haiM ata: vaha nirvikalpa jJAna hI spaSTapratibhAsI pratyakSa hai| yadi zabdajanya jJAna kA viSaya pratyakSa ke samAna vastubhUta mAnA jAyegA to zabdajJAna ko spaSTa pratibhAsa karane kA prasaMga AyegA ataH zabda kA vAcya artha (viSaya) bahirbhUta padArtha nahIM hai| - isa prakAra bauddha ke dvArA zabda kA vAcya artha bahirbhUta padArtha nahIM hai, isakI siddhi kara dene para jainAcArya unakA khaNDana karate haiN| bauddhoM ke dvArA jitane doSa zabda ke dvArA vAcya artha ko prakAzana karane meM diye haiM ve sarvadoSa zabda ke dvArA vaktA kI icchA ko kahane meM bhI Ate haiM inameM koI antara nahIM hai arthAt vaktA kI icchA kA kathana karanA kaho yA bAhya padArtha kA grahaNa karanA kaho ina donoM meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai| ye donoM kathana eka hI haiN| 1. jisakA upakAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha upakArya hai| 2. jisake dvArA upakAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha upakAraka hai|
Page #134
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 121 tasyAM vizeSasaMzrayAt pramANAMtaravRttereva nizcayAt / tato vakturicchAyAM bahirarthavacchabdasya pravRttyasaMbhavepi tAmeva zabdo vidadhAtIti kathaM na vAdhyavicUMbhitaM, sarvazabdAnAmanyApohakAritvapratijJAnAt / nanu ca vivakSAyAH svarUpe saMvedyamAne zabdo na pravartate eva kalpitenyApohe tasya pravRttestatonyApohakArI sarvaH zabda iti vacanAnna vAMdhyavilasitamiti cet , sa tarhi kalpitonyApoha: vivakSAto bhinnasvabhAvo vaktuH svasaMvedyo na syAdbhAvAMtaravat tasya tatsvabhAvatve vA saMvedyatvasiddheH kathaM na saMvedyamAne tatsvarUpe zabdaH prvrtte| nanu ca vakturvivakSAyAH svasaMviditaM rUpaM saMvedanamAtropAdAnaM sakalapratyaye bhAvAt kalpanAkArastu pUrvazabdavAsanopAdAnastatra vartamAnaH isalie zabda ke dvArA usa vAcya artha meM pramANAntara kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakegI yaha svIkAra karanA unako yukta nahIM hai| kyoMki zabda ke dvArA sAmAnya rUpa se artha kI pratipatti (jJAna) ho jAne para usameM vizeSa arthoM ke jAnane kA Azraya lene para pramANAntaroM kI pravRtti hone se hI usa pramANAntara ke dvArA usa sAmAnya artha ke vizeSa-vizeSa aMzoM kA nirNaya ho sakatA hai| tathA vaktA kI icchA meM yA usake viSaya meM anya pramANoM kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, aisA bhI nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki sAmAnya rUpa se zabda ke dvArA vaktA kI icchA kA jJAna ho jAne para bhI usako vizeSa rUpa meM jAnane ke lie pramANAntara kI pravRtti ghaTita ho jAtI hai| __bauddha matAnusAra zabda ke dvArA bahirbhUta artha ke samAna vaktA kI icchA meM pravRtti hone kI asaMbhavatA hone para bhI 'zabda vaktA kI icchA kA vidhAna karatA hai', 'bahirbhUta padArtha kA vidhAna nahIM karatA hai aisA kahanA vaMdhyA ke putra kI ceSTA ke samAna niSphala kaise nahIM hai arthAt aisA kahanA niSphala hai| kyoMki sarva zabda anyApoha (abhAva) ko kahate haiM, aisI pratijJA karake usase viparIta vivakSA kA vidhAna karane kA kathana karanA niSphala ceSTA hai arthAt niSedha aura vidhAna viparIta haiN| ... bauddha kA kathana hai- svasaMvedyamAna vivakSA ke svarUpa meM zabda kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai-apitu kalpita anyApoha meM zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai-ataH sabhI zabda anyApohakArI haiM-aisA hamAre granthoM kA kathana hai ataH hamArA kathana vaMdhyA ke putra kI ceSTA ke samAna niSprayojana, bakavAda nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to vaha tumhArA kalpita anyApoha vaktA kI icchA se bhinna svabhAva vAlA hone se anya ghaTa paTa Adi padArthoM ke samAna vaktA ke svasaMvedana kA viSaya nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki svasaMvedana svakIya sukhAdi padArthoM kA hotA hai anya padArthoM kA nahIM hotA hai| yadi anyApoha ko usa vivakSA kA svabhAva mAnoge to anyApoha ke svasaMvedyatva kI siddhi ho jAyegI aura anyApoha ke saMvedana kI siddhi ho jAne para zabda kI saMvedyamAna anyApoha ke svarUpa meM pravRtti kyoM nahIM hogI (avazya hogii)| zaMkA : (bauddha kahatA hai) vaktA kI vivakSA kA svasaMvidita svarUpa (jJAta svarUpa) kevala zuddha saMvedana kA upAdAna (grahaNa) mAtra hai| arthAt zuddha jJAna ko jAna lenA hI svasaMvedana hai| vahI vaktA kI icchA kA svarUpa hai vaha svasaMvedana sarva jJAnoM meM vidyamAna rahatA hai kintu anya kalpanA ke AkAra rUpa vikalpa
Page #135
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 122 zabdaH kathaM svasaMvedye rUpe vAstave pravartate nAma yato vastuviSayaH syAditi cet , naivaM / svasaMviditarUpakalpanAkArayorbhinnopAdAnatvena saMtAnabhedaprasaMgAt / tathA ca sarvacittacaitAnAmAtmasaMvedanaM pratyakSamiti vyAhanyato svasaMvedanAdbhinnasya vikalpasya svasaMviditatvavirodhAt ruupaadivt| svasaMvedanasyaivopAdAnatvAt kalpanotpattau zabdavAsanAyA: sahakAritvAnna svasaMviditasvarUpAt kalpanAkAro bhinnasaMtAna iti cet , kathamidAnIM tatosAvananya eva na syAdabhinnopAdAnatvAt / tathApi tasya tatonyatve kathamupAdAnabhedo bhedaka:? kAryANAM vyatirekAsiddheH kAryabhedasyopAdAnabhedamaMtareNApi bhAvAt tasya pUrva kI mithyA zabda vAsanAoM se utpanna hote haiM arthAt kalpanAkAra vikalpa kI utpatti meM pUrva kI mithyA zabda vAsanA upAdAna (nimitta kAraNa) hai| ata: una kalpita AkAroM meM pravRtti karane vAlA zabda vAstavika svasaMvedyamAna svarUpa meM pravRtti kaise kara sakatA hai jisase ki vastubhUta arthoM kA viSaya karane vAlA ho sake? samAdhAna : bauddha kA yaha kathana susaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki svasaMvidita (sva ke dvArA anubhUta) svarUpa kA aura kalpita AkAroM kA bhinna-bhinna upAdAna hone se santAna bheda kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt eka hI vivakSA ke kucha aMzoM ke saMvedana kA kAraNa zuddha saMvedana hogA aura kucha aMzoM kA (kalpita AkAroM kA) upAdAna (grAhaka) mithyA zabda vAsanA hogI ataH bhinna-bhinna santAna mAnanI pdd'egii| . tathA ca (aisA hone para) "sarva cittoM (AtmAoM) ke caitanya bhAvoM kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa hotA hai" bauddha ke isa siddhAnta kA apaghAta (khaNDana) hogA aura svasaMvedana se sarvathA pRthak vikalpa kA svasaMvedana ke dvArA jJAna honA viruddha hai jaise bauddha darzana meM svasaMvedana se sarvathA bhinna hone se rUpAdi bAhya padArtha svasaMvedana pratyakSa nahIM hote haiN| bauddha kahatA hai ki kalpanA jJAna kI utpatti meM svasaMvedana ke upAdAna kAraNatva hai aura zabda vAsanAe~ kalpanA kI utpatti meM sahakArI kAraNa haiM isalie kalpanA ke AkAra vAlA jJAna svasaMvedana pratyakSa se bhinna saMtAna vAlA nahIM hai arthAt kalpanA kA upAdAna kAraNa zabda vAsanA nahIM hai apitu saMvedana ke dvArA jJAta jJAna hI upAdAna kAraNa hai nirvikalpa jJAna aura savikalpa jJAna kI dhArA pRthak-pRthak nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddha matAnusAra savikalpa aura nirvikalpa jJAna kI dhArA pRthak-pRthak nahIM hai to phira ye donoM jJAna eka kyoM nahIM haiM, inameM bheda kyoM mAnA gayA hai| jaba ina donoM jJAnoM kA upAdAna abhinna hai to ina donoM meM abhinnatva hI honA caahie| yadi donoM kA upAdAna eka hote hue bhI ina donoM jJAnoM ko pRthak-pRthak mAnoge to "upAdAna kA bheda hI kAryoM kA bhedaka hai" yaha kaise ghaTita hogA? kyoMki isameM vyatireka kI asiddhi hai arthAt jahA~jahA~ upAdAna meM bhinnatva hai vahA~-vahA~ kAryoM meM bhinnapanA hai-jaise ghaTa, paTa Adi yaha anvaya to siddha ho jAyegA parantu jahA~-jahA~ upAdAna bheda nahIM hai vahA~-vahA~ kArya bheda nahIM hai yaha vyatireka ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki upAdAna kA bheda na hone para bhI kArya bheda mAnA gayA hai| jaise nirvikalpa jJAna aura savikalpa jJAna meM bheda hote hue bhI bauddhoM ne donoM kA upAdAna eka hI svIkAra kiyA hai ataH usa upAdAna bheda ko usa kAryabheda kI sAdhakatA nahIM bana sktii|
Page #136
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 123 ttsaadhntaanupptteH| svasaMviditAkArasya kalpitAkArasya caikasya vikalpajJAnasya tathAvidhAnekAkAravikalpopAdAnatvAdadoSoyamiti cet , naikasyAnekAkArasya vastunaH siddhyanuSaMgAt / saMvidi kalpitAkArasya bhrAMtatvAnnaikamanekAkAraM vikalpavedanamiti cet na, bhrAMtetarAkArasya tadavasthatvAt / bhrAMtAkArasyAsattve tadekaM sadasadAtmakamiti kuto na sttvsiddhiH| yadi punarasadAkArasyAkiMcidrUpatvAdekarUyameva vikalpavedanamiti matiH, tadA tatra zabdaH pravartata iti na kvacitpravartata ityuktaM syAt / tathopagame ca vivakSAjanmAno hi zabdAstAmeva gamayeyuriti riktA vaacoyuktiH| gamayeyuriti saMbhAvanAyAM liprayogAttAmapi mAjIgamanna gIrbahirarthavatsarvathA nirviSayatvena teSAM vyavasthApanAdityapyAtmaghAtino vacanaM svayaM ___ bauddha kahate haiM ki- eka vikalpa jJAna ke saMvidita AkAra aura kalpita AkAroM kA upAdAna kAraNa usa prakAra ke aneka AkAroM kA dhAraka vikalpa jJAna hai arthAt savikalpa jJAna kA upAdAna kAraNa nirvikalpa jJAna nahIM hai apitu svasaMvedana aura kalpita padArthoM ke vikalpoM kA utpAdaka anekAkAra dhAraka vikalpa jJAna hai isalie ukta doSa (eka upAdAna hone se kArya meM bheda kaise hotA hai, ityAdi) hamAre prati nahIM Ate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para aneka AkAra vAlI eka vastu kI siddhi kA prasaMga aayegaa| bhAvArtha : syAdvAda mata meM kathaMcit eka vastu aneka AkAra vAlI ho sakatI hai, ekAntavAda meM nhiiN| jAna meM kalpita aneka AkAra bhAnta haiM. ata: eka vikalpa jJAna vAstavika aneka AkAra vAlA nahIM hai, isa prakAra kA bauddhoM kA kathana bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki bhrAnta AkAra aura abhrAnta AkAra ye do AkAra eka vikalpa jJAna meM vaise ke vaise avasthita haiM arthAt eka hI vikalpa jJAna meM aneka kalpita AkAroM kI apekSA bhrAntapanA hai aura sva kA saMvedana abhrAnta hai, ata: eka jJAna meM do AkAra siddha ho jAte haiM jo bauddha mata kA vyAghAta aura syAdvAda ko puSTa karane vAle haiN| vikalpa jJAna meM bhrAnta AkAra kA asattva svIkAra karane para eka jJAna sad -asadAtmaka siddha hotA hai ataH isase syAdvAda darzana meM kathita aneka dharmAtmaka sattva kI siddhi kyoM nahIM hogI ? arthAt avazya hogii| yadi punaH bauddha kA mantavya ho ki vikalpa jJAna ke asad AkAra kisI ke bhI svarUpa nahIM haiM (avastu vA zUnya haiM) ataH vikalpa jJAna eka svarUpa hI hai aneka rUpa vAlA nahIM hai taba to kalpita AkAroM meM zabda pravRtti karatA hai| isakA artha hai zabda kisI bhI vastubhUta padArtha meM pravRtti nahIM karatA hai| kyoMki bauddha matAnusAra zabda kA viSaya asadbhUta AkAra hai| isa prakAra zabda kisI bhI sadbhUta padArtha meM pravRtti nahIM karatA hai aisA mAna lene para "vivakSA se utpanna zabda vivakSA kA hI jJAna karAtA hai' yaha vacanokti (kathana) niSphala ho jaayegii| 'gameyuH' yaha kriyA gamtR dhAtu ke liGlakAra ke prathama puruSa sambandhI bahuvacana hai| 'ho bhI aura nahIM bhI ho', aisI saMbhAvanA artha meM liG lakAra kA prayoga hotA hai ataH zabda bahiartha ke samAna vaktA kI icchA kA gamaka nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai, sabhI zabda svakIya vAcya bahiraMga artha se yukta nahIM haiM kyoMki 'vANI' zabdoM kA sarvathA viSayoM se rahitapanA vyavasthApita (nizcita) kiyA gayA
Page #137
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 124 sAdhanadUSaNavacanAnarthakyaprasakteH / saMvRtyA tadvacanamarthavaditi cet kenArtheneti vaktavyaM ? tadanyApohamAtreNeti cet , vicAropapannenetareNa vA ? na tAvatprathamapakSastasya vicaarymaannsyaakiNcidruuptvsmrthnaat| vicArAnupapannena tvanyApohena sAMvRttena vacanasyArthavattve bahirarthena tathAbhUtena tasyArthavattvaM kimaniSTaM tathA vyavaharturvacanAdbahiH pravRtterapi ghttnaat|| anyApohe pratIte ca kathamarthe pravartanam / zabdAtsiddhyejjanasyAsya sarvathAtiprasaMgataH // 45 // ___ na hyanyatra zabdena codyatenyatra tanmUlA pravRttiryuktA godohacodane balIvardavAhanAdau tatprasaMgAt // hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA bhI apanA hI ghAta karane vAlA vacana hai| kyoMki yadi zabda kisI bahiraMga artha ke vAcaka nahIM hoMge taba to bauddhoM ke dvArA uccArita zabda apane siddhAnta ke sAdhaka aura apara siddhAnta ke dUSaka nahIM ho sakeMge ata: zabdoM kA uccAraNa karanA hI vyartha hogaa| 'bauddha kahatA hai ki zabda vAstava meM artha kA vAcaka nahIM hai parantu saMvRtti (kalpanA) se bahiraMga artha. kA vAcaka hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki saMvRtti zabda kisa artha meM prayukta hai (kisa artha kA vAcaka hai) isakA kathana bauddhoM ko karanA caahie| yadi zabda anyApoha mAtra ke vAcaka haiM, aisA kahate ho to ve anyApoha ke vAcaka zabda vicAroM se yukta haiM ki vicAra rahita haiM ? usameM prathama pakSa (anyApoha vAcaka zabda vicAra sahita hai) to yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki usa anyApoha kA yadi vicAra kiyA jAyegA to vaha tucchAbhAvarUpa anyApoha kucha bhI padArtha nahIM hogA, isakA pUrva meM samarthana aura kathana kara diyA gayA hai arthAt vicAra karane para anyApoha kucha bhI padArtha nahIM hai ata: anyApoha kA kathana karane vAle zabda kucha bhI nahIM kahate haiN| yadi dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra vicAroM se aparIkSita kalpita vyavahArya (sAMvRta) anyApoha ke dvArA zabdoM ko arthavAn mAnA jAyegA to tathAbhUta bahiraMga ghaTa paTAdi padArthoM ke dvArA zabda ko arthavAn (artha kA vAcaka) mAnanA bauddhoM ko aniSTa kyoM hai tathA isa prakAra vyavahArI puruSoM ke vacana dvArA bhI bahiraMga arthoM meM pravRtti honA ghaTita ho jAtA hai ataH zabda kA vAcya artha bahiraMga AtmA, AkAza Adi padArtha mAnanA caahie| ___ athavA bauddha matAnusAra zabda ke dvArA anyApoha meM pravRtti karane para vyavahArI prANI kI zabda se artha kI pratIti kaise hogI vA artha kI jAnakArI kaise hogI artha pratIti nahIM hone para sarvathA ati prasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt likhanA, par3hanA kisI bAta ko sunakara kArya meM pravRtti karanA Adi sarva vyavahAra kA lopa ho jaayegaa||45|| kyoMki zabda ke dvArA kathita viSaya se bhinna padArtha meM pravRtti hogii| zabda ko mUla mAnakara anyatra pravRtti honA yukta (yuktisaMgata) nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vaktA ke dvArA gAya dUhane kI preraNA karane para baila Adi ke vAhana Adi meM pravRtti karane kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt vaktA kahatA kucha aura hai aura pravRtti kisI aura padArtha meM hogii|
Page #138
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 125 ekatvAropamAtreNa yadi dRzyavikalpayoH / pravRttiH kasyacidRzye vikalpepyastvabhedataH // 46 // naikatvAdhyavasAyopi dRzyaM spRzati jAtucit / vikalpyasyAnyathA siddhayet dRshysprshitvmNjsaa|47| vikalpyadRzyasAmAnyaikatvenAdhyavasIyate / yadi dRzyavizeSe syAt kathaM vRttistadarthinAm // 48 // tasya ced dRzyasAmAnyaikatvAropAkva vartanam / saugatasya bhvedrthenvsthaapynussNgtH|| 49 // nAnyasmAdvyAvRttiranyArthasya na ca vyAvRttonya evetyucyate ghaTasyAghaTa vyAvRtte: nivartamAnasyAghaTatvasaMgAt / tathA ca na tasyA ghaTavyAvRtti ma tasmAdyaivAnyA vyAvRttiH sa eva vyAvRttaH yadi bauddha loga mAnate haiM ki nirvikalpa pratyakSa jJAna kA viSayabhUta dRzya meM aura mithyAsvarUpa savikalpa jJAna ke viSayabhUta vikalpya meM ekatva kA Aropa karane mAtra se kabhI kisI dRzya meM, kabhI kisI vikalpya padArtha meM zabda kI pravRtti hotI hai taba to ekatva rUpa abheda hone ke kAraNa vikalpa jJAna kA viSayabhUta vikalpa meM bhI pravRtti honA siddha ho jAtA hai||46|| athavA-dRzya aura nirvikalpa donoM viSayoM meM ekatva kA nirNaya karane vAlA jJAna kabhI bhI vastubhUta dRzya kA sparza nahIM karatA hai anyathA zIghra hI vikalpa jJAna ke bhI dRzya viSaya ko sparza karanA siddha ho jAyegA arthAt vikalpa jJAna donoM ko viSaya kregaa| jo jJAna donoM kA viSaya karatA hai vahI to donoM ke ekatva kA Aropa kara sakatA hai, siMha aura billI ina donoM kA jisako eka sAtha jJAna hai vahI mAnava billI meM siMha kA Aropa kara sakatA hai||47|| yadi kaho ki vikalpya aura dRzya viSayoM meM vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA sAmAnya ekatva kA nizcaya kara liyA jAtA hai to jainI kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to vizeSa ke abhilASI puruSoM kI vizeSa dRzya vyakti meM pravRtti kaise ho sakegI arthAt-ekatva ke Aropa se dRzya (nirvikalpa pratyakSa) svalakSaNa kA sAmAnya rUpa se jJAna hotA hai, parantu pravRtti to vizeSa artha meM hI hotI hai kyoMki vizeSa rahita sAmAnya vRkSa se AmaamarUda kI prApti nahIM hotI hai||48|| - saugata matAnusAra yadi dRzya aura sAmAnya meM ekatva kA Aropa hone se vyaktirUpa dRzya meM pravRtti hotI hai to usa zabda kI pravRtti bauddhoM ke kisa vizeSa artha meM hotI hai arthAt kisI meM bhI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| yadi ekatva ke samAropa se artha meM zabda kI pravRtti mAnoge to anavasthA doSa AyegA ataH zabda kA vAcya artha anyApoha aura kalpita vikalpya nahIM haiN||49|| koI bauddha kahatA hai ki- anya artha kI vyAvRtti anya artha se nahIM hotI hai aura vyAvRtta vastu pRthagbhUta hI hai aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie arthAt anya vyAvRttiyoM se vAstavika padArtha (svalakSaNa) vyAvRtta nahIM hote haiN| yadi aisA hogA to aghaTa vyAvRtti se nivartamAna ghaTa ke aghaTa kA prasaMga AyegA aura aisA hone para usa ghaTa kI aghaTa vyAvRtti kisI prakAra bhI nahIM ho sakatI isalie jo hI anya vyAvRtti hai vahI padArtha vyAvRtta kahalAtA hai arthAt gopadArtha vyAvRtta hai aura ago vyAvRtti hai gAya hai aisA zabda nahIM kahatA hai ago vyAvRtti (bhaiMsa, ghor3A Adi nahIM haiM) aisA kahatA hai|
Page #139
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 126 zabdapratipattibhedastu saMketabhedAdeva vyAvRttiAvRtta iti| dharmadharmiprAdhAnyena saMketavizeSe pravRttestadvAcyabhedastu na vAstavotiprasaMgAt / taduktaM / "api cAnyonyavyAvRttivRttyoAvRtta ityapi / zabdAzca nizcayAzcaivaM saMketaM na niruMdhate' iti dRzyavikalpayorvyAvRttyorekatvAropAvyAvRtticodanepi zabdena vikalpena vA vyAvRtteH pravRttirarthe syAditi kazcit / tasya vikalpyepi kadAcitpravRttirastu vizeSAbhAvAt / na hi dRzyavikalpyayorekatvAdhyavasAyAvizeSepi dRzya eva pravRttirna tu vikalpe jAtuciditi buddhyAmahe / 'aghaTa vyAvRtti' 'ago' vyAvRtti ityAdika bhinna-bhinna zabdoM kA aura bhinna jJAnoM kA honA to saMketa grahaNa ke bheda se hI hA jAtA hai| tathA bhAva meM 'kti' pratyaya karane se vyAvRtti aura 'kta' pratyaya karane se vyAvRtta zabda kI niSpatti hotI hai| vyAvRtta dharma padArtha hai aura vyAvRtti dharmI padArtha hai| kalpita dharma aura dharmI kI pradhAnatA se saMketa vizeSa meM pravRtti ho jAtI hai| bhinna zabdoM kA bhinna vAcya mAnanA vAstavika nahIM hai| anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt kvacit zabda eka hai aura artha bhinna-bhinna haiN| jaise go zabda eka hai parantu usakA vAcyArtha vANI, pRthvI, kiraNa Adi aneka haiN| kahIM zabda bhinna-bhinna haiM aura unakA vAcyArtha eka hai jaise indra, zakra, purandara Adi bhinna zabdoM kA vAcyArtha eka indra hI hai isalie bhinna-bhinna vAcyoM kA bhinna artha mAnane se atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| so hI bauddha granthoM meM kahA hai "paraspara meM hone vAlI eka dUsare kI vyAvRtti aura vRttiyA~ bhI isI prakAra vyAvRtta haiN| zabda aura zabdoM ke dvArA huA nizcaya saMketa ko rokatA nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : laukika janoM ne saMketa praNAlI ke anusAra aneka zabda icchAnusAra pracalita kara liye haiM aura isalie una zabdoM se hone vAlA jJAna bhI kalpita hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| ___ isa prakAra zabda rUpa dRzya aura vikalpyoM kI vyAvRttiyoM meM ekatva ke Aropa se avyAvRtti kI codanA (preraNA) hone para bhI zabda vikalpa se dRzya aura vikalpya meM vyAvRtti ho jAne se kisI vAstavika artha meM zabda kI pravRtti ho jAtI hai| aba jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usa bauddha darzana meM kvacit dRzya ke samAna vikalpya meM bhI pravRtti ho sakatI hai kyoMki dRzya aura vikalpya meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai arthAt ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| dRzya viSaya aura vikalpya viSaya meM vizeSatA rahita ekatva kA adhyavasAya (nirNaya) hone para bhI zabda kI dRzya meM hI pravRtti hotI hai, vikalpya meM kabhI bhI pravRtti nahIM hotI, aise niyama kA kAraNa hama nahIM samajha rahe haiM arthAt aisA niyama kisa kAraNa se hai, yaha jJAta nahIM huA hai| kyoMki dRzya kA zabda ke dvArA uccAraNa karane para vikalpa ho jAtA hai aura darzana ke viSaya ko dRzya kahate haiM vikalpa ke viSaya ko vikalpya kahate haiM donoM kA artha eka hote hue bhI zabda kI pravRtti dRzya meM hotI hai vikalpya meM nahIM, aisA kyoM mAnA jAtA hai yaha samajha meM nahIM aayaa| .
Page #140
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 127 zyerthakriyArthinAM pravRttistasyArthakriyAyAM samarthanAnna punarvikalpye tasya tatrAsamarthatvAditi cennA, arthakriyAsamarthana kalpena sahaikatvAdhyAropamApannasya dRzyasyArthakriyAsamarthatvaikAMtAbhAvAt / svatorthakriyAsamarthaM dRzyamiti t tadekatvAdhyAropAdvikalpyamapi svato na tatsamarthamiti cet tadaikyAropAd dRzyamapi danayorekatvenAdhyavasitayoravizeSAt sarvathA kvacitpravRttau kathamanyatrApi pravRttirvinivAryate / na nayorekatvAdhyavasAya: saMbhavati dRzyasyAdhyavasAyAviSayatvAt anyathA vikalpyasya vastusaMsparzitvaprasaMgAt / ca paramArthato dRzyamaviSayIkurvan vikalpo vikalpyena sahaikatayAdhyavasyati nAmAtiprasaMgAt / nanu ca dRzyaM kalpasyAlaMbanaM mA bhUdadhyavaseyaM tu bhavatIti yuktaM tadvikalpyena sahaikatayAdhyavasAyatvamiti cet , tarhi na ___ nirvikalpa darzana ke dvArA jAnane yogya svalakSaNa rUpa dRzya meM hI arthakriyA ke icchuka jIvoM kI vRtti hotI hai, kyoMki arthakriyA karane meM dRzya padArtha hI samartha haiM parantu vikalpya padArtha meM arthakreyAbhilASI jIvoM kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki asat padArtha rUpa vikalpya arthakriyA karane meM samartha hIM haiM isalie vikalpya meM pravRtti nahIM hotI hai isa prakAra kA bauddhoM kA pratyuttara bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki arthakriyA karane meM asamartha vikalpya ke sAtha ekatva se adhyAropita dRzya ke bhI ekAnta rUpa se arthakriyA karane ke sAmarthya kA abhAva ho jAyegA arthAt dRzya aura vikalpya jaba donoM eka sAtha haiM taba eka ke arthakriyA kA abhAva hone se dUsare ke bhI arthakriyA ke sAmarthya kA abhAva ho jaayegaa| . yadi dRzya svayameva arthakriyA karane meM samartha hai, aisA kahate ho to dRzya ke sAtha ekatva kA adhyAropa hone se vikalpya bhI svayaM arthakriyA karane meM samartha ho jaayeNge| yadi kaho ki vikalpya artha svataH arthakriyA karane meM samartha nahIM hai to vikalpya ke sAtha ekatva kA adhyAropa hone se dRzya (svalakSaNa) bhI svataH arthakriyA karane meM samartha nahIM hogA kyoMki ekatva se nirNIta dRzya aura vikalpya meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai phira bhI sarvathA kvacit (dRzya) padArtha meM pravRtti mAnate haiM to dUsare vikalpya meM pravRtti ko kaise rokA jA sakatA hai arthAt nahIM rokA jA sktaa| ___ athavA dRzya aura vikalpya meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki dRzya adhyavasAya (nizcaya) kA viSaya nahIM hai arthAt bauddha matAnusAra svalakSaNa dRzya nirvikalpa hai ata: nizcaya jJAna vastubhUta dRzya ko nahIM jAnatA hai anyathA (dRzya kA nizcaya jJAna hogA to) vikalpa jJAna ke bhI vastu sparza karane kA prasaMga aayegaa| tathA jaba taka vikalpa jJAna dRzya kA viSaya nahIM kara pAtA hai taba taka vaha vikalpa jJAna vikalpya ke sAtha ekatva kA nizcaya nahIM kara sktaa| yadi vikalpa jJAna ajJAta viSaya meM pravRtti karegA to ati prasaMga doSa aayegaa| arthAt AtmA aura AkAza ke bhI ekatva ke nirNaya kA prasaMga aayegaa| zaMkA : nirvikalpa pratyajJa jJAna kA viSayabhUta svalakSaNa dRzya vikalpya kA avalambana (kAraNa) nahIM hotA hai apitu nirNaya karane yogya hotA hai, yaha yukta hai (dRzya ke sAtha milA huA hai) isalie nizcayAtmaka vikalpa jJAna vikalpya ke sAtha dRzya padArtha ke ekatA kI nirNaya kara letA hai|
Page #141
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 128 vizeSarUpaM tenaikyenAdhyavasIyate sAmAnyAkArasyaivAdhyavaseyatvAt / dRzyasAmAnyena saha vikalpyamekatvenAdhyavasIyata iti cet , kathaM dRzyavizeSe tadarthinAM pravRttiH syAt / dRzyavizeSasya dRzyasAmAnyena sahaikatvAropAttatra pravRttiriti cet , kvedAnIM saugatasya pravRttiranavasthAnAt / sudUramapyanusRtya vizeSedhyavasAyAsaMbhavAt / tatorthapravRttimicchatA zabdAttasya nAnyApohamAnaM viSayobhyupeyo jaatimaatraadivt| sarvathA nirviSayaH zabdostvityasaMgataM, vRttyApi tasya nirviSayatve sAdhanAdivacanavyavahAravirodhAt / kiM punarevaM zabdasya viSaya ityAha;jAtivyaktyAtmakaM vastu tatostu jnyaangocrH| prasiddhaM bahiraMtazca zAbdavyavahRtIkSaNAt // 50 // aisA bauddhoM ke kahane para usakA samAdhAna karate hue jainAcArya kahate haiM ki- taba to asAdhAraNa vizeSa rUpa dRzya vikalpya ke sAtha ekatva se nizcita (jJAta) nahIM hote haiN| usameM sAmAnyAkAra se hI ekatva ne kI yogyatA hai arthAta vikalpya ke sAtha vizeSa rUpa se dRzya kA ekatvAropa honA asaMbhava hai| dRzya sAmAnya ke sAtha yadi vikalpya ke ekatva kA nizcaya karate haiM to arthakriyAoM ke abhilASiyoM kI dRzya vizeSa meM pravRtti kaise ho sakegI arthAt dRzya sAmAnya jAnakara dRzya vizeSa meM pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| dRzya vizeSa kA dRzya sAmAnya ke sAtha ekatva kA Aropa kara lene para arthakriyA ke abhilASiyoM kI dRzya vizeSa meM pravRtti hotI hai, aisA mAnane para bhI bauddha kI pravRtti kahA~ ho sakegI kyoMki isameM anavasthA doSa Ane se kahIM bhI pravRtti nahIM hogI arthAt dRzya vizeSa kA jJAna ho jAne para to dRzya sAmAnya kA dRzya vizeSa ke sAtha ekatva kA nirNaya hogA aura una donoM ke ekatva kA nirNaya karane ke lie dUsare jJAna kI AvazyakatA hogI ata: anavasthA doSa AtA hai| ata: bahuta dUra jAkara bhI vizeSa meM nirNaya kI asaMbhavatA hI rhegii| isalie zabda ke dvArA artha meM pravRtti ke icchuka puruSoM ko zabda kA vAcyArtha kevala anyApoha mAtra svIkAra nahIM karanA cAhie jaise artha meM pravRtti karane ke icchuka puruSoM ne kevala jAti vyakti aura AkRti ko zabda ke vAcya artha ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| usI prakAra zabda apoha mAtra kA kathana karatA hai aisA bhI svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| zabda sarvathA nirviSaya hai arthAt zabda kA vAcya artha hI nahIM hai, aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki saMvRtti (vyavahAra yA kalpanA) se bhI zabda ko nirviSaya mAna lene para sAdhanAdika vacana vyavahAra kA virodha AtA hai| arthAt jaba zabda kA koI vAcya artha nahIM hai taba vipakSa vyAvRtti, pakSa dharmatva sapakSasatva Adi tIna aMga vAle hetu kA uccAraNa karanA aura uccarita hetu ke dvArA sapakSasiddhi aura parapakSa vyAvRtti karanA Adi vyavahAra kI pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| punaH zabda kA viSaya kyA hai ? aisA pUchane para AcArya kahate haiM : jAti vyakti (sAmAnya vizeSa) Atmaka hI bahiraMga (ghaTa paTa Adi) aMtaraMga (AtmA jJAnAdi) vastu (padArtha) jJAna kA viSaya hai yaha lokaprasiddha hai| isalie zabda kA vAcya artha (viSaya) bhI jAti, vyakti Atmaka vastu hI mAnanA cAhie kyoMki jAti vyakti Atmaka vastu meM hI zabdajanya vyavahAra dRSTigocara hotA hai| ata: sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka padArtha hI zAbda jJAna kA viSaya hai aisA mAnanA caahie||50||
Page #142
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 129 yadyatra vyavahatimupajanayati tattadviSayaM yathA pratyakSAdi / jAtivyaktyAtmake vastuni vyavahRtimupajanayattadviSayaM / tathA ca zabda ityatra nAsiddhaM sAdhanaM bahiraMtazca vyavahRte: sAmAnyavizeSAtmani vastuni samIkSaNAt / tathA ca yatraiva zabdAt pratipattistatraiva pravRttiH tasyaiva prAptiH pratyakSAderiveti sarvaM susthaM / sattAzabdAdrvyatvAdizabdAdvA kathaM sAmAnyavizeSAtmani vastuni pratipattiriti cet , sadvizeSopahitasya satsAmAnyasya dravyAdivizeSopahitasya ca dravyatvAdisAmAnyasya tena pratipAdanAt / tadane nAbhAvazabdAdadravyatvAditvAdvA tatra pratipattiruktA bhAvAMtarasvabhAvatvAdabhAvasya, guNAdisvabhAvatvAccAdravyatvAdeH bhAvopahatasyAbhAvasyAbhAvazabdena guNAdyupahitasya _____ jo jJAna jisa viSaya meM vyavahAra ko utpanna karatA hai vaha jJAna usa vastu kA viSaya karane vAlA hotA hai| jaise pratyakSa anumAna Adi pramANa jAti vyakti Atmaka vastu meM vyavahAra ke janaka haiN| ata: unako usa vastu kA viSaya karane vAlA mAnA gayA hai| vaise zabda jJAna bhI jAti, vyakti Atmaka vastu meM vyavahAra ko utpanna karatA hai ata: zAbda jJAna kA viSaya jAti vyakti Atmaka vastu hai| jAti vyakti Atmaka vastu meM vyavahAra ko utpanna karAnA rUpa hetu asiddha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki bahiraMga aura antaraMga sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka (jAti vyakti Atmaka) vastu meM zAbda ( zabdajanya) jJAna kA vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai arthAt zabda sunakara prANI sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka (Amra se yukta vRkSAdi) vastu meM pravRtti karatA hai| _ tathA ca (aise hone para) zabda ke dvArA jisa vastu kA jJAna hotA hai usI meM pravRtti hotI hai aura usI kI prApti hotI hai jaise agni ke jJApaka pratyakSa yA anumAna ke dvArA jJAtA kI agni ke viSaya meM pravRtti hotI hai ataH zabda jJAna kA viSaya sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu hai, yaha suvyavasthita hai arthAt sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu hI jJAna kA viSaya hai| zaMkA : kevala sattA zabda vAcaka yA dravya guNa Adi vAcaka zabda ke dvArA sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kA jJAna kaise ho sakatA hai ? samAdhAna : sat vizeSa (ghaTa paTa Adi upAdhiyoM) se yukta sattA sAmAnya kA sattA zabda se aura dravyatva guNatva Adi vizeSa se yukta dravyatvAdi sAmAnya kA dravyatva, guNatva Adi vizeSaNoM se yukta zabdoM ke dvArA pratipAdana hotA hai arthAt 'vRkSa' isa zabda se vRkSa sAmAnya kA aura Amra vRkSa' zabda se vRkSa vizeSa kA pratipAdana hotA hai aura vaisA hI jJAna hotA haiM sAmAnya rahita vizeSa aura vizeSa rahita sAmAnya koI vastubhUta padArtha nahIM hai| - kiM ca- isa kaMthana se "abhAva ko kahane vAle abhAva zabda se vA adravyatva, aguNatva Adi ko kahane vAle adravyatva aguNatva Adi zabda ke dvArA sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kA hI jJAna hotA hai" yaha kathana kiyA gayA hai kyoMki bhAvasvarUpa vizeSaNoM se yukta abhAva kA abhAva zabda ke dvArA tathA guNa karma Adi upAdhiyoM se tadAtmaka guNa Adika kA adravya Adi zabdoM ke dvArA prakAzana (vAcana kathana) hotA
Page #143
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 130 cAdravyatvAderadravyatvAdizabdena prakAzanAdvA / na ca bhAvopahitatvamabhAvasyAsiddhaM sarvadA ghaTasyAbhAvaH paTasyAbhAva ityAdi bhAvopAdherevAbhAvasya prtiiteH| svAtaMtryeNa skRdpyvednaat| tathaivAdravyaM guNAdirajIvo dharmAdiriti guNAdyapAdheradravyatvAdeH supratItatvAt na tasya tadupahitatvamasiddhaM tathA pratIterabAdhatvAt / etena satsAmAnyasya vizeSopahitatvaM dravyatvAdisAmAnyasya ca dravyatvAdivizeSopahitatvamasiddhaM bruvANaH pratyAkhyAtaH, satAM vizeSANAM bhAvaH sattA dravyAdInAM bhAvo dravyAditvamiti sattAdisAmAnyasya svavizeSAzrayasyaiva pratyayAbhidhAnavyavahAragocaratvAt / sadrvyaM suvarNaM vAnayetyukte tanmAtrasyAnayanAdarzanAt svavizeSAtmana eva sadAdisAmAnyasya tadgocaratvaM pratItisiddhaM / sadAdivizeSamAnayeti vacane tasya sattvAdisAmAnyAtmakasya hai| kyoMki abhAva bhAvAntara svabhAva vAlA hai| jaise sukha nahIM hai, duHkha hai| madhura nahIM hai, kaTu hai| madhura kA abhAva kaTu rUpa bhAvAntara svabhAva vAlA hai| dravya nahIM hai, guNa hai| guNa nahIM hai, dravya hai abhAva bhI bhAvAntara svabhAva vAlA hai| tathA, bhAva vizeSaNa se yukta abhAva kI asiddhi bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki ghaTa kA abhAva, paTa kA. abhAva ityAdi abhAva kI pratIti sadA bhAva upAdhiyoM se yukta hI hotI hai| ghaTa kA abhAva hai, isa vAkya meM abhAva vizeSya hai ghaTa vizeSaNa hai ata: nizcaya hotA hai ki bhAva se yukta abhAva kA abhAva zabda se pratipAdana hotA hai svataMtra abhAva eka bAra bhI anabhava meM nahIM AtA hai| tathA adravya yaha bhI guNa, paryAya Adi svarUpa hai| ajIva ye dharma, adharma, AkAza, pudgala Adi bhAva svarUpa haiM ataH adravya zabda se guNa Adi upAdhiyoM (vizeSaNoM) kI tathA ajIva zabda se dharma, adharma AkAza, pudgala aura kAla dravya kI pratIti hotI hai| ina pratItiyoM kA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hone se ina upAdhiyoM se yukta dravya kI asiddhi nahIM hai| ataH abhAva bhI bhAvAntara kA vAcaka siddha hai| isa kathana ke dvArA "sattA sAmAnya ko sadvizeSoM se yukta aura dravyatvAdi sAmAnya kA dravyatva Adi se yuktatA ko asiddha kahane vAle vaizeSikoM ke mata kA" khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai kyoMki ghaTa Adi vizeSa satpadArthoM kA bhAva hI sattA hai, aura dravya Adi kA bhAva hI dravyatva Adi hai| isa prakAra nijanija vizeSoM kA AzrayIbhUta sattAdi sAmAnya kA jJAna vyavahAra abhidhAna (zabda) vyavahAra dRSTigocara hotA hai arthAt sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu hI jJAna aura zabda vyavahAra ke gocara hotI hai| "jaise sad dravya suvarNa ko lAo" aisA kahane para kevala suvarNa sattA dravya kA lAnA dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| apitu svavizeSa se yukta (sAmAnya suvarNa vizeSa kuNDala pAsA Adi se yukta vastu) niyata suvarNa kA lAnA vyavahAra kA viSaya hotA hai| arthAt apane vizeSoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya rakhane vAle sat dravya suvarNa Adi sAmAnya kA viSaya bhI pratIti siddha hai| sat Adi vizeSa (kuNDala Adi) ko lAo aisA kahane para kevala vizeSa kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai apitu sat sAmAnya se tadAtmaka vizeSa vyavahAra gocara hotA hai arthAt kuNDala lAo kahane para suvarNa
Page #144
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 131 vyavahAragocaratvavat / tataH sUktaM sAmAnyavizeSAtmano vastunaH zabdagocaratvaM tathA zabdavyavahArasya nirbAdhamavabhAsanAt / kathamevaM paMcatayI zabdAnAM vRttirjAtyAdizabdAnAmabhAvAditi na zaMkanIyaM, yasmAt:tatra syAdvAdinaH prAhuH kRtvAyoddhArakalpanAm / jAte: pradhAnabhAvena kAMzcicchabdAn prabodhakAn // 51 // vyakteH prakhyApakAMzcAnyAn guNadravyakriyAtmanaH / lokasaMvyavahArArthamaparAn pAribhASikAn // 52 // _____na hi gaurazva ityAdizabdAjAteH pradhAnabhAvena guNIbhUtavyaktisvabhAvAyAH prakAzane guNakriyAdravyazabdAdvA yathoditAdvyakterguNAdyAtmikAyA: prAdhAnyena guNIbhUtajAtyAtmanaH pratipAdane syAdvAdinAM kazcidvirodho yena sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastuviSayazabdamAcakSANAnAM paMcatayI zabdapravRttirna siddhyet // tenecchAmAtrataMtraM yatsaMjJAkarma tadiSyate / nAmAcAryairna jAtyAdinimittApannavigraham // 53 // . cA~dI Adi se nirmita kuNDala ke lAne kA vyavahAra hotA hai, ata: sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu zabda kA viSaya hai, aisA kahanA ThIka hai| ___isa prakAra loka meM zabdajanya vyavahAra kA bAdhA rahita pratibhAsa hotA hai kevala sAmAnya yA kevala vizeSAtmaka padArtha hI nahIM hai ata: ve zabda ke viSaya kaise ho sakate hai| jaba sampUrNa zabdoM kA vAcya sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu hai taba pUrvokta jAti, guNa, kriyA, saMyogI aura samavAyI ina pA~coM avayavoM meM zabda kI pravRtti kaise ghaTita ho sakatI hai, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki-aisI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki- sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ke pratipAdaka zabdoM meM se jAtivAcaka zabdoM kI vyAvRtti kalpanA karake pradhAna rUpa jAti ko samajhAne vAle zabdoM ko jAti zabda mAnA jAtA haiM-jaise manuSya hAthI, ghor3A, aadi| kucha anya guNa, dravya, kriyAsvarUpa, vyaktibhUta padArthoM ke kathana karane vAle zabdoM ko loka vyavahAra ke lie guNa zabda, dravya zabda, aura kriyA zabda kahA jAtA hai tathA apane-apane siddhAntAnusAra samyagdarzana, brahma, su aura jasa Adi zabdoM ko pAribhASika zabda kahA hai| ye sarva zabda sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ke pratipAdaka haiN||51-52|| ... 'gAya,' azva ityAdi zabdoM se gauNabhUta vyakti ke svabhAva rUpa jAti kA pradhAnatA se prakAzana karane meM athavA Agama kathita guNAdi Atmaka vyakti kI pradhAnatA se gauNabhUta jAtyAtmaka padArtha kA zabda ke dvArA pratipAdana karane meM syAdvAdiyoM ko koI virodha nahIM hai| jisase ki sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kA viSaya karane vAle zabda ko kahane vAle anekAntavAdiyoM ke vyavahAra meM pA~ca prakAra ke zabdoM kI pravRtti honA siddha na ho arthAt sabhI zabdoM kA vAcya artha jAti aura vyakti (sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka) ina donoM se tadAtmaka piNDarUpa ho rahI vastu hai| isameM kabhI jAti (sAmAnya) kI mukhyatA se kathana hotA hai aura kabhI vyakti (vizeSa) kI mukhyatA se kathana hotA hai| jAti aura vyakti (sAmAnya aura vizeSa) kA rUpa, rasa ke samAna tadAtmaka sahacara sambandha hai| ___ isalie jAti dravya guNa kriyA kI apekSA na karake vaktA kI icchA se saMjJA (nAma) karma kiyA jAtA hai (kisI kA nAma rakhA jAtA hai) AcAryadava ne usako nAma nikSepa kahA hai| yaha nAma nikSepa jAti, guNa, dravya, kriyA, paribhASA Adi nimittoM se yukta nahIM hai // 53 //
Page #145
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 132 siddhe hi jAtyAdinimittAMtare vivakSAtmanaH zabdasya nimittAt saMvyavahAriNAM nimittAMtarAnapekSaM saMjJAkarma nAmetyAhurAcAryAstato jAtyAdinimittaM saMjJAkaraNamanAdiyogyatApekSaM na nAma / kenacit svecchayA saMvyavahArArtha pravartitatvAt , parAparavRddhaprasiddhestathaivAvyavacchedAt , bAdhakAbhAvAt // kA punariyaM sthApanetyAhavastunaH kRtasaMjJasya pratiSThA sthApanA mtaa| sadbhAvetarabhedena dvidhA tttvaadhiroptH|| 54 // .. sthApyata iti sthApanA pratikRtiH sA cAhitanAmakasyeMdrAdervAstavasya tattvAdhyAropAt pratiSThA so'yamityabhisaMbaMdhenAnyasya vyavasthApanA sthApanAmAtraM sthApaneti vacanAt / tatrAdhyAropyamAnena bhAveMdrAdinA samAnA pratimA sadbhAvasthApanA mukhyadarzinaH svayaM tasyAstadbuddhisaMbhavAt / kathaMcitsAdRzyasadbhAvAt / mukhyAkArazUnyA vastumAtrA punarasadbhAvasthApanA paropadezAdeva tatra so'yamiti saMpratyayAt // isa prakAra zabda ke vivakSAtmaka nimitta se pRthak jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyA aura paribhASAtmaka nimittAntara ke siddha ho jAne para saMvyavahAriyoM ke nimittAntara kI apekSA na karake saMjJA karma ko jainAcArya nAma nikSepa kahate haiM ata: anAdikAlIna yogyatA kI apekSA se jAti Adi ke nimitta se saMjJA karanA nAma nikSepa nahIM hai| kisI puruSa ke svayaM kI icchA se samIcIna saMvyavahAra ke lie kisI saMjJA karma kI pravRtti hotI hai| isa prakAra para vRddha (prAcInavRddha) aura apara (Adhunika) vRddhoM kI AmnAyAnusAra akSuNNa anAdikAlIna prasiddhi hai| isameM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra nAma nikSepa kA kathana pUrNa huaa| sthApanA nikSepa kise kahate haiM, aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM kiyA gayA hai nAma nikSepa jisakA aisI vastu ke una vAstavika dharmoM meM adhyAropa se yaha vahI hai, aisI pratiSThA karanA sthApanA nikSepa hai|sdbhaav tadAkAra aura asadbhAva atadAkAra ke bheda se sthApanA do prakAra kI hai||54|| Nyat sthA dhAtu se yuT aura TAp pratyaya lagAne se sthApanA zabda niSpanna hotA hai| jo sthApita kI jAtI hai vaha sthApanA kahalAtI hai| isakA artha hai kisI kI prakRti arthAt pratibimba / paramaizvarya lakSaNa vAle vAstavika nAma vAle indrAdika ko kisI anya vastu meM adhyAropita karanA (pratinidhitva karanA) pratiSThA sthApanA hai| yaha vaha hai' isa prakAra ke saMbaMdha se anya kI vyavasthApanA sthApanAmAtra vA sthApanA kahalAtI hai kyoMki sthApanA kara denA hI sthApanA hai, isa prakAra RSiyoM ne sthApanA ko bhAva pradhAna kahA hai| __isa sthApanA ke prakaraNa meM vAstavika indra paryAya se pariNata aura svarga meM sthita bhAva nikSepa se kathita indra Adi ke samAna pratimA meM Aropita indra Adi kI sthApanA sadbhAva sthApanA hai kyoMki vastu ko dekhane vAle ke hRdaya meM svayaM usa pratimA ke anusAra sAdRzya se yaha vaha hai' aisI buddhi kI saMbhavatA hai kyoMki kathaMcit usameM sAdRzya kA sadbhAva hai ata: yaha sadbhAva sthApanA hai| mukhya AkAra se zUnya kevala vastu meM yaha vahI hai aisI sthApanA karanA asadbhAva sthApanA hai kyoMki mukhya padArtha ko dekhane vAle bhI jIva ko dUsaroM ke upadeza se hI yaha vahI hai' isa prakAra kA usameM samIcIna jJAna hotA hai arthAt asadbhAva sthApanA meM paropadeza ke binA 'yaha vahI hai' aisA jJAna nahIM hotA hai, paropadeza se hI hotA hai|
Page #146
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 133 sAdarAnugrahAkAMkSAhetutvAtpratibhidyate / nAmnastasya tathAbhAvAbhAvAdatrAvivAdataH // 55 // sthApanAyAmevAdaronugrahAkAMkSA ca lokasya na punarnAmnItyatra na hi kasyacidvivAdosti yena tata: sA na pratibhidyate / nAmni kasyacidAdaradarzanAnna tatastadbheda iti cenna, svadevatAyAmatibhaktitastannAmakerthe tadadhyAropasyAzuvRttestatsthApanAyAmevAdarAvatArAt / tadanena nAmni kasyacidanugrahAkAMkSAzaMkA vyudastA, kevalamAhitanAmake vastuni kasyacitkAdAcitkI sthApanA kasyacittu kAlAMtarasthAyinI niyatA / bhUyastathA saMpratyayaheturiti vishessH|| nanvanAhitanAmnopi ksyciddrshneNjsaa| punastatsadRze citrakarmAdau dRzyate svataH // 56 // so'yamityavasAyasya prAdurbhAvaH kathaMcana / sthApanA sA ca tasyeti kRtasaMjJasya sA kutH|| 57 // Adara karanA, anugraha karAne kI AkAMkSA abhilASA rakhanA Adi kAraNoM se nAma nikSepa se sthApanA nikSepa pRthak hai kyoMki usa nAma nikSapa meM Adara, anugraha kI AkAMkSA Adi ke bhAva kA abhAva hai arthAt nAma nikSepa meM pUjyatA Adi ke bhAva nahIM hote haiM parantu sthApanA nikSepa meM Adara Adi ke bhAva meM kisI kA vivAda bhI nahIM hai kyoMki sabhI matAvalambI apane iSTa kI sthApanA karake Adara Adi karate hI haiN||55|| .. laukika janoM kI, sthApanA meM hI Adara aura anugraha kI abhilASA rahatI hai, kintu nAma nikSepa meM nhiiN| isa viSaya meM kisI kA vivAda bhI nahIM hai| jisase nAma nikSepa aura sthApanA meM bheda na ho arthAt ina donoM meM Adara anAdara kI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai ata: ina donoM meM bheda hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM, nAma meM bhI kisI kA Adara dekhA jAtA hai isalie nAma aura sthApanA meM koI bheda nahIM hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki apane iSTa devatA meM atibhakti ke vaza se usa nAma vAle artha meM usa devatA kI mUrti kI zIghra hI adhyAropa sthApanA kara lI jAtI hai ataH usa devatA kI sthApanA meM hI Adara kA avatAra hotA hai, Adara anugraha kI abhilASA utpanna hotI hai, nAma nikSepa meM nhiiN| jaise nAma mahAvIra kA Adara nahIM hotA apitu sthApanA mahAvIra kA Adara vA pUjA hotI hai| isa kathana se kisI kI isa zaMkA kA bhI khaNDana ho jAtA hai ki nAma vAle padArtha meM bhI kisI kI anagraha kI AkAMkSA hotI hai kyoMki sthApanA kA smaraNa karake hI usa pratibimba se anugraha karAne kI abhilASA utpanna hotI hai, kevala nAma se nahIM tathA usa nAma ko dhAraNa karane vAlI vastu meM kisI puruSa ke to kAdAcitkI (kabhI-kabhI hone vAlI) sthApanA hotI hai aura kisI puruSa ke bahuta kAlataka sthira rahane vAlI niyata sthApanA hotI hai arthAt jaise cAvala, supArI Adi meM kI gaI deva-zAstra Adi kI sthApanA kucha kAla ke lie hotI hai aura jinamandira meM suvarNa, pASANa Adi meM kI gaI deva Adi kI sthApanA bahuta kAla taka sthira rahatI hai yaha sthApanA samyagjJAna kI kAraNa hai / yaha nAma aura sthApanA meM vizeSatA hai| prazna : jisakA nAma nikSepa nahIM huA hai, aise kisI padArtha ke dekhane para tathA punaH zIghra hI usake sadRza citra karma Adi meM yaha vahI hai isa prakAra ke nirNaya kI utpatti svataH dekhI jAtI hai aura vaha sthApanA
Page #147
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 134 naitatsannAma sAmAnyasadbhAvAttatra tattvataH / kvAnyathA soyamityAdivyavahAraH prvrttaam|| 58 // nanvevaM sati nAmni sthApanAnupapattestasyAstena vyAptiH kathaM na tAdAtmyamiti cenna, viruddhdhrmaadhyaasaat|| tathAhisiddhaM bhAvamapekSyaiva sthApanAyAH pravRttitaH / tadapekSAM vinA nAma bhAvAdbhinnaM tataH sthitam // 59 // kiM svarUpaprakAraM dravyamityAha;yatsvatobhimukhaM vastu bhaviSyatparyayaM prati / tadravyaM dvividhaM jJeyamAgametarabhedataH // 60 // na hyavastveva dravyamabAdhitapratItisiddhaM vA, nApyanAgatapariNAmavizeSa prati grahItAbhimukhyaM na bhavati pUrvAparasvabhAvatyAgopAdAnasthAnalakSaNatvAdvastunaH sarvathA tadviparItasya pratItiviruddhatvAt / tacca dvividhamAgamanoAgamabhedAt pratipattavyam / / kathaJcana kisI prakAra se usakI hai ata: kRta nAma nikSepa vAle ke hI sthApanA hotI hai, aisA kaise ho sakatA hai? uttara : aisI zaMkA karanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki usameM bhI paramArtha se sAmAnya nAma vidyamAna hai anyathA sAmAnya nAma ke binA 'vaha yaha hai' ityAdi vyavahAra kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt yaha vaha aise vyavahAra kI pravRtti sAmAnya nAma ke binA kisa meM ho sakatI hai? arthAt nahIM ho sakatI // 56-57-58 // prazna : nAma nikSepa ke hone para hI sthApanA kI utpatti mAnane para sthApanA kI nAma ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha svarUpa vyApti kyoM nahIM hogI? uttara : aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki nAma aura sthApanA meM viruddha dharma kA AdhAra hai| donoM kA dharma pRthak-pRthak hai ata: donoM meM tAdAtmya saMbaMdha nahIM hai| tathAhi siddha (niSpanna) bhAva kI apekSA sthApanA kI pravRtti hotI hai parantu nAma niSpanna padArtha ke binA bhI hotA hai isalie nAma aura sthApanA pRthak-pRthak hai arthAt sthApanA sArthaka nAma kI hotI hai, nAma cAhe jisakA rakhA jA sakatA hai ataH nAma nikSepa se sthApanA nikSepa bhinna hai // 59 // isa prakAra sthApanA nikSepa pUrNa huaa| dravya nikSepa kA svarUpa kyA hai ? aisA pUchane para kahate haiM jo vastu svataH bhAvI paryAya ke prati abhimukha hai, vaha dravya nikSepa hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| yaha dravya nikSepa Agama aura no Agama ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai // 60 / / arthAt anAgata pariNAma vizeSa ke abhimukha ko dravya nikSepa kahate haiN| abAdhita pratIti prasiddha dravya avastu nahIM hai tathA anAgata pariNAma vizeSa ke prati gRhItAbhimukha (bhAvI paryAya ke grahaNa karane ke sanmukha) dravya nahIM hai, aisA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki pUrva svabhAva (pUrva paryAya) kA tyAga karanA uttara paryAya kA grahaNa karanA aura dravya rUpa se sthita rahanA utpAda vyaya dhrauvya hI vastu kA lakSaNa hai| isase sarvathA viparIta kI pratIti viruddha hai arthAt utpAda vyaya aura dhrauvya se viparIta kUTastha nitya vA sarvathA kSaNika vastu nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| vaha dravyanikSepa Agama aura no Agama ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai, aisA jAnanA caahie|
Page #148
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 135 AtmA tatprAbhRtajJAyI yo nAmAnupayuktadhIH / sotrAgamaH samAmnAtaH syAdravyaM lakSaNAnvayAt // 61 // anupayuktaH prAbhRtajJAyI AtmAgamaH / kathaM dravyamiti nAzaMkanIyaM dravyalakSaNAnvayAt / jIvAdiprAbhRtajJasyAtmanonupayuktasyopayuktaM tatprAbhRtajJAnAkhyamanAgatapariNAmavizeSa prati gRhItAbhimukhyasvabhAvatvasiddheH // no AgamaH punastredhA jJazarIrAdibhedataH / trikAlagocaraM jJAtuH zarIraM tatra ca tridhA // 62 // anupayukta dhI (zAstra meM jisakA upayoga nahIM hai aisA mAnava) samyagdarzanAdi ke pratipAdaka zAstroM kA jJAtA vaha AtmA sarvajJa kI AmnAya se Agama dravya kahalAtA hai| dravya ke ukta lakSaNoM se anvita hone se dravya kahalAtA hai||61|| artha kI jAnakArI hai, parantu vartamAna meM upayoga nahIM hai to bhI usako Agama kA jJAtA kahate haiN| jIvAdi ke kathana karane vAle zAstroM kA jJAtA, parantu vartamAna kAla meM usake upayoga se rahita AtmA dravya kaise kahalAtA hai? aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki isameM dravya nikSepa kA lakSaNa anvaya rUpa se calA A rahA hai| jIva Adika zAstroM kA jJAtA kintu vartamAna kAla meM upayoga rahita AtmA ke Agama dravya nikSepa se vyavahAra honA upayukta hai kyoMki usa AtmA ke bhAvI kAla meM hone vAle una zAstroM ke jJAna nAmaka vizeSa pariNAmoM ke prati gRhItAbhimukha svabhAvatva kI siddhi hai arthAt yadyapi sAmAnya dravya kI apekSA dravya anAdi kAla se hai parantu paryAya vizeSa kI apekSA bhAvI paryAya ke sanmukha ko vartamAna meM usa paryAyayukta kahA jAtA hai| jo zAstroM kA jJAtA to hai parantu vartamAna meM upayoga rahita hai to bhI vaha vartamAna meM usa zAstra kA jJAtA kahalAtA hai kyoMki vaha jJAna bhaviSya meM upayogayukta hai| Agama dravya nikSepa kA sahAyaka no Agama dravya hai| jJAtA kA zarIra, bhAvI aura tadvyatireka ke bheda se noAgama dravya nikSepa tIna prakAra kA hai| .. jIva zAstra vA mokSa zAstra ko jAnane vAle jJAtA kA zarIra jJAyaka zarIra kahalAtA hai| vaha jJAyaka zarIra bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| vartamAna aura bhAvI zarIra kA artha sugama hai kyoMki vartamAna meM zarIra dhAraNa kiyA huA hai aura bhaviSyat meM dhAraNa kregaa| bhUtakAlIna zarIra cyuta cyAvita aura tyakta ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| bhUta kAla meM apanI Ayu pUrNa karake zarIra chor3A hai vaha cyuta kahalAtA hai jaise deva nArakiyoM kI paryAya ko chor3akara yahA~ Aye hue jJAtA kA zarIra cyuta kahalAtA hai| kadalIghAta akAla maraNa karake AyA hai vaha cyAvita kahalAtA hai aura saMnyAsa maraNa kara ke zarIra chor3A hai vaha tyakta kahalAtA hai| ____ vartamAna meM jIvAdi zAstra ko jAnane vAle jJAtA kA zarIra vartamAna hai| bhaviSya kAla meM jJAtA kA zarIra hogA vaha bhAvI hai aura jo bhUta meM ho cukA hai vaha bhUta kAla kA zarIra kahalAtA hai||62||
Page #149
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 136 bhAvi noAgamadravyameSyat paryAyameva tat / tathA tadvyatiriktaM ca karmanokarmabhedabhRt // 63 // jJAnAvRttyAdibhedena karmAnekavidhaM matam / nokarma ca zarIratvapariNAmanirutsukam // 64 // pudgaladravyamAhAraprabhRtyupacayAtmakam / vijJAtavyaM prapaMcena yathAgamamabAdhitam // 65 // nanvAgatapariNAmavizeSa prati gRhItAbhimukhyaM dravyamiti dravyalakSaNamayuktaM, guNaparyayavadrvyamiti tasya sUtritatvAt , tadAgamavirodhAditi kazcit / sopi suutraarthaanbhijnyH| paryayavadravyamiti hi sUtrakAreNa vadatA trikAlagocarAnatakramabhAvipariNAmAzrayaM dravyamuktaM / tacca yadAnAgatapariNAmavizeSa pratyabhimukhaM tadA vartamAnaparyAyAkrAMtaM parityaktapUrvaparyAyaM ca nizcIyatenyathAnAgatapariNAmAbhimukhyAnupapatteH kharaviSANAdivat / kevalaM dravyArthapradhAnatvena vacane'nAgatapariNAmAbhimukhamatItapariNAmaM vAnupAyi dravyamiti nikSepaprakaraNe tathA jIvAdi zAstroM kA jJAtA AtmA bhaviSya meM Ane vAlI paryAyoM ke abhimukha AtmA bhAvI no Agama dravya hai| tathA karma aura nokarma ke bhedoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA tadvyatireka noAgama dravya nikSepa hai| vaha tadvyatireka no Agama dravya nikSepa jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa Adi ke bheda se aneka prakAra kA hai||63|| vartamAna meM zarIra rUpa se pariNata hone ke lie nirutsuka AhAra vargaNA, bhASAvargaNA, manovargaNA aura tejovargaNA rUpa ekatra hue pudgala dravya ko no karma samajhanA caahie| isakA vistAra se varNana abAdhita rUpa se AgamAnusAra jAnanA cAhie // 64-65 // zaMkA : anAgata pariNAma vizeSa ke prati gRhItAbhimukha pariNAma vAlA dravya kahalAtA hai parantu dra kA yaha lakSaNa yukta nahIM hai kyoMki sUtrakAra ne dravya kA lakSaNa guNa-paryAya vAlA kahA hai arthAt 'guNaparyayavad dravyaM' yaha sUtra haiM ataH isa kathana meM Agama se virodha AtA hai, aisA koI kahatA hai| samAdhAna : isa prakAra kahane vAlA vidvAn bhI sUtra ke artha se anabhijJa (sUtra ke artha ko nahIM jAnane vAlA) hai kyoMki paryayavad dravyaM-dravya paryAya vAlA hai, isa prakAra kahane vAle sUtrakAra ne trikAlagocara ananta kramabhAvI paryAyoM se Azrita dravya kA kathana kiyA hai| vaha dravya jaba bhaviSya meM hone vAlI vizeSa paryAya ke sammukha hotA hai to vaha usa samaya vartamAna paryAya se AkrAnta hai aura bhUta paryAya se rahita hai, aise dravya kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai arthAt trikAla gocara paryAya aura guNoM kA samUha dravya kahalAtA hai anyathA (guNa paryAyoM se rahita dravya) anAgata pariNAmoM paryAyoM ke prati abhimukha nahIM ho skegaa| jaise gadhe kA sIMga bhAvI paryAya ke sammukha nahIM ho sakatA arthAt utpAda vyaya dhrauvya tathA pUrva svabhAva kA parityAga, uttara svabhAva kA grahaNa aura sthAyI aMzoM se dhruvapanA yaha dravya kA svarUpa hai| __kevala nitya dravyarUpa artha kI pradhAnatA se kathana karane para bhAvI paryAya kI ora abhimukha tathA atIta pariNAmoM ko grahaNa kara cukA hai aura anapAyI (dhruva) padArtha dravya hai| isa prakAra bhAvI pariNAma kI abhimukhatA kI pradhAnatA se nikSepa prakaraNa meM dravya kA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai arthAt dravya nikSepa mUla dravya meM nahIM hotA hai kyoMki dravya to nitya hai parantu paryAya kI apekSA bhAvI paryAya ko vartamAna meM kahanA dravya nikSepa kahalAtA hai|
Page #150
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 137 dravyalakSaNamuktaM / sUtrakAreNa tu paramatavyavacchedena pramANArpaNAdguNaparyayavadrvyamiti sUtritaM kramAkramAnekAMtasya tathA vyvsthiteH|| kutastarhi trikAlAnuyAyi dravyaM siddhamityAha;anvayapratyayAtsiddhaM sarvathA bAdhavarjitAt / tadravyaM bahiraMtazca mukhyaM gauNaM tato'param // 66 // . tadevedamityekatvapratyabhijJAnamanvayapratyayaH sa tAvajjIvAdiprAbhRtajJAyinyAtmanyanupayukte jIvAdyAgamadravyesti / ya evAhaM jIvAdi prAbhRtajJAne svayamupayuktaH prAgAsan sa evedAnIM tatrAnupayukto varte punarupayukto bhaviSyAmIti saMpratyayAt / na cAyaM bhrAMta: sarvathA bAdhavarjitatvAt / na tAvadasmadAdipratyakSeNa tasya bAdhastadviSaye svasaMvedanasyApi vizadasya vartamAnaparyAyaviSayasyApravartanAt / nApyanumAnena tasya bAdhastasya sUtrakAra ke dvArA pA~caveM adhyAya meM anya darzanoM meM mAne gaye dravya ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana karake pramANa dRSTi kI apekSA sahabhAvI guNa aura kramabhAvI paryAya vAlA dravya kahA gayA hai kyoMki krama aura akrama se anekAnta kI isa prakAra vyavasthA hotI hai arthAt pramANa dRSTi se akrama se hone vAlA anekAnta hai aura naya dRSTi se kathana karane para kramAnekAnta hai| jaise krama se hone vAle jIva ke matijJAna Adi aura pudgala ke kAlI pIlI Adi paryAyeM kramAnekAnta haiN| tathA cetanA, sukha, jJAna Adi jIva kI aura rUpa rasa Adi pudgala sahabhAvI paryAya kI apekSA akramAnekAnta haiN| . isa dravya nikSepa kI apekSA trikAla anvaya rakhane vAle dravya kI siddhi kaise hotI hai? aisA prazna hone para kahate haiM ki___sarvathA bAdhaka pramANoM se rahita anvaya jJAna se zarIra Adi bahiraMga aura jJAnasvarUpa AtmA aMtaraMga dravyamukhya siddha hai| tathA unase bhinna Aropita kiyA gayA gauNa dravya hai||66|| 'yaha vahI hai, yaha vahI hai' isa prakAra ekatva ko jAnane vAlA pratyabhijJAna anvaya jJAna hai| vaha jJAna jaba jIvAdi zAstra ko jAnane vAlA hai parantu vartamAna meM usakA usa zAstra meM upayoga nahIM hai aisA jIvAdi Agama dravya AtmA meM avazya vidyamAna hai| kyoMki jo maiM jIvAdi ke kathana karane vAle zAstra jJAna meM svayaM upayukta thA vahI maiM isa samaya usa zAstrajJAna meM upayoga rahita hokara sthita huuN| bhaviSya kAla meM maiM hI usa zAstra meM upayukta ho jaauuNgaa| isa prakAra kA jJAna ho rahA hai arthAt eka hI vidvAn bhaktAmara kA jJAtA haiM usameM upayukta nahIM hai parantu tattvArtha sUtra meM upayukta hai, aisA dekhA jAtA hai| - sarvathA bAdhAoM se varjita hone se yaha jJAna bhrAnta bhI nahIM hai| yaha pratyabhijJAna hamAre pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se bAdhita bhI nahIM hai kyoMki usa pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya meM vartamAna paryAyoM kA viSaya karane vAle vizada svarUpa svasaMvedana kI bhI pravRtti nahIM hai| arthAt nitya dravya ko siddha karane vAle pratyabhijJAna kI siddhi meM pratyakSa jJAna se bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| anumAna pramANa se bhI pratyabhijJAna kI siddhi meM bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| kyoMki pratyabhijJAna ke viruddha viSaya ke vyavasthApaka anumAna kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt anitya dravya ko siddha karane vAlA anumAna nahIM
Page #151
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 138 tadviparItaviSayavyavasthApakasyAsaMbhavAt / yatsattatsarvaM kSaNikamakSaNike sarvathArthakri yAvirodhAtallakSaNasattvAnupapatterityanumAnena tadbAdha iti cennAsya viruddhatvAt / sattvaM hyarthakriyayA vyAptaM, sA ca kramayogapadyAbhyAM te ca kathaMcidanvayitvena, sarvathAnanvayinaH kramayogapadyavirodhAdarthakriyAvirahAt sattvAnupapatteriti samarthanAt / sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnamAtmanyekatvapratyayaM bAdhata iti cenna, ekatra saMtAne tasya jo sat hai vaha sarva kSaNika hai, akSaNika nitya padArtha meM sarvathA arthakriyA kA virodha AtA hai| ataH arthakriyA svarUpa usa sat (sarvathA nitya mAna lene para) lakSaNa dravya kI utpatti nahIM hotii| isa anumAna ke dvArA pratyabhijJAna kI siddhi meM virodha AtA hai| isa prakAra nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki sarvathA kSaNika dravya kI siddhi karane vAlA yaha anumAna viruddha hai| arthAt dravya ko kSaNika siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA sattva hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai| sattva kI vyApti arthakriyA ke sAtha hai aura vaha arthakriyA krama tathA yugapat hone vAle pariNAma (paryAya) ke sAtha vyApti rakhatI hai| aura ve krama evaM yugapat donoM kathaMcit anvayI se vyApti rakhate haiN| sarvathA ananvayI kSaNika svalakSaNa ke yaugapadya tathA krama hone kA virodha hai| jahA~ krama aura yogapadya nahIM hai vahA~ arthakriyA kA bhI abhAva hotA hai aura arthakriyA ke abhAva meM vyApya sattva kI bhI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| isa prakAra hetu kA samarthana hai ataH sattva hetu kathaMcit anvaya rUpa se vyApta hai, sarvathA kSaNika nahIM hai| trikAlagocara paryAyoM ke anvaya rakhane vAle AtmA meM ekatva kA viSaya karane vAlA pratyabhijJAna kA sAdRza pratyabhijJAna bAdhaka hai arthAt bhinna-bhinna samayoM meM hone vAle niranvaya pariNAma meM hI sAdRzya hotA hai, anvayI eka dravya meM sAdRzapanA nahIM hotA hai aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki pUrvApara pariNAmoM kI eka santAna rUpa meM sAdRzya jJAna kabhI nahIM hotA hai| aneka santAna rUpa cittoM (AtmAoM) meM sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai ata: eka santAna rUpa cittoM meM bhI sAdRzya jJAna kA sadbhAva hai arthAt aneka jJAna aura sukha meM anvita rahane vAlA koI eka dravya nahIM hai- ataH inameM sAdRzya kA jJAna hotA hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aneka saMtAnoM ke vibhAga ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt dravya ke saMbaMdha ko svIkAra na karake sAdRzya padArthoM meM eka santAna mAnane vAle bauddhoM ke santAna ke sAMkarya kA nivAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| aneka saMtAnoM kA vibhAga karanA azakya ho jaayegaa| yadi aneka (svakIya parakIya) pariNAmoM (paryAyoM) meM sadRzatva kI apekSA vizeSatA na hote hue bhI kinhIM vizeSa cittoM kA saMbaMdha vizeSa ho jAne ke kAraNa eka santAnapanA mAnA jAtA hai aura kinhIM citta vizeSoM kA vizeSa saMbaMdha hone se dUsarI santAna mAnI jAtI hai| isa prakAra bauddha pratyAsatti se aneka santAnoM ke vibhAga kI siddhi kareMge taba to eka dravya rUpa citta ke vizeSa pariNAmoM ke eka santAnatva siddha hotA hai| dravya nAmaka pratyAsatti ko hI eka santAnapane kI kAraNatA siddha hotI hai|
Page #152
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 139 jAtucidabhAvAt / nAnA saMtAnacitteSu tadarzanAdekasaMtAnacitteSu sadbhAva iti cenna, anekasaMtAnavibhAgAbhAvaprasaMgAt / sadRzatvAvizeSepi keSAMcideva cittavizeSANAmekasaMtAnatvaM pratyAsattivizeSAt pareSAM nAnAsaMtAnavibhAgasiddhau siddhamekadravyAtmakacittavizeSANAmekasaMtAnatvaM dravyapratyAsattereva tathA bhAvanibaMdhanatvopapatterupAdAnopAdeyabhAvAnaMtaryAderapAkR tatvAt / tato'skhalatsAdRzyapratyabhijJAnAt sAdRzyasiddhivadaskhaladekatvapratyabhijJAnAdekatvasiddhiraiveti nirUpitaprAyaM / etena jIvAdinoAgamadravyasiddhiruktA / ya evAhaM manuSyajIvaH prAgAsan sa evAdhunA devo varte punarmanuSyo bhaviSyAmItyanvayapratyayasya sarvathApyabAdhyamAnasya sadbhAvAt / yadevaM jalaM zuktivizeSe patitaM tadeva muktAphalIbhUtamityAdyanvayapratyayavat / nanu ca jIvAdinoAgamadravyamasaMbhAvyaM jIvAditvasya sArvakAlikatvenAnAgatatvAsiddhestadabhimukhyasya kasyacidabhAvAditi cet / satyametat / tata - eka dravya ke nAnA pariNAmoM kI eka santAna karane meM upAdAna upAdeyabhAva, Anantarya, kSetra pratyAsatti, bhAva saMbaMdha Adi ke prayojakatva kA khaNDana kiyA jA cukA hai arthAt jaise pudgala dravya svarUpa miTTI kA vicAra kiyA jAye to ghar3A, sikorA Adi meM eka santAna rUpa hai parantu ghaTa sikorA Adi kI apekSA ekasantAnatva nahIM hai| tathA eka sAtha boye gaye gehU~, jau Adi ke aMkura meM kAlapratyAsatti hone para bhI eka santAnatva nahIM hai| jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma Adi dravyoM meM kSetra pratyAsatti hone para bhI eka santAnatva nahIM hai| sarva sayoga kevalI, ayoga kevalI, siddha parameSThiyoM meM kevalajJAna, kevaladarzanAdi kI apekSA bhAva pratyAsatti hai parantu dravya pratyAsatti na hone se ekasantAnatva nahIM hai| pArizeSa nyAya se yaha siddha hotA hai ki dravyapratyAsatti hI ekasantAnatva kA kAraNa hai| isalie abAdhita sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna se paryAyoM meM jaise sAdRzya kI siddhi hotI hai, vaise hI avicalita prAmANika ekatva pratyabhijJAna se paryAyoM meM ekatva kI bhI siddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra pUrva meM bahuta bAra nirUpaNa kara cuke haiN| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki upAdAna upAdeya bhAva kA yA ekatva santAna kA kAraNa eka dravya pratyAsatti hai| isa prakAra jIva samyagdarzanAdi ke no Agama dravya nikSepa kI siddhi kahI hai| pahale jo maiM manuSya jIva thA vahI maiM isa samaya deva hU~ punaH manuSya ho jAU~gA / isa prakAra sarvathA abAdhita nirdoSa anvaya pratyaya kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| jaise sIpa ke mukha meM girA huA jala hI motI rUpa se pariNata hotA hai| ityAdi nirdoSa anvaya kI pratIti hotI hai| zaMkA : jIva, pudgala Adi chaha dravyoM meM no Agama dravya asaMbhava hai kyoMki jIvAdi chaha dravyoM kA astitva sarvakAlIna hone se anAgatatva kI asiddhi hai| sAmAnya jIvAdi chaha dravyoM kA bhaviSya meM prApta honA asiddha hai| isalie jIvAdi dharma ke sammukha hone vAle kisI bhI padArtha kA abhAva hai| arthAt pUrva meM jIvAdi dravya nahIM the, aisA ho nahIM sktaa|| samAdhAna : yaha ApakA kathana satya hai kyoMki sAmAnya rUpa se jIvAdika meM no Agama dravya nikSepa
Page #153
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 140 eva jIvAdivizeSApekSayodAhRto jiivaadidrvynikssepo| nanvevamAgamadravyaM vA bAdhitAttadanvayapratyayAnmukhya siddhyatu jJAyakazarIraM tu trikAlagocaraM tadvyatiriktaM ca karmanokarmavikalpamanekavidhaM kathaM tathA siddhyeta pratItyabhAvAditi cenna, tatrApi tathAvidhAnvayapratyayasya sadbhAvAt / yadeva me zarIraM jJAtumArabhamANasya tattvaM tadevedAnI parisamAptatattvajJAnasya vartata iti vartamAnajJAyakazarIre tAvadanvayapratyayaH / yadevopayuktatattvajJAnasya me zarIramAsIttadevAdhunAnupayuktatattvajJAnasyetyatItajJAyakazarIre pratyavamarzaH / yadevAdhunAnupayuktatattvajJAnasya zarIraM tadevopayuktatattvajJAnasya bhaviSyatItyanAgatajJAyakazarIre pratyayaH / tarhi jJAyakazarIraM bhAvinoAgamadravyAdananyadeveti cenna, jJAyakaviziSTasya tatonyatvAt / tasyAgamadravyAdanyatvaM supratItamevAnAtmatvAt / karma nokarma vAnvayapratyayaparicchinnaM jJAyakazarIrAdananyaditi cet na, kArmaNasya zarIrasya taijasasya ca zarIrasya ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai parantu jIvAdi dravya vizeSa kI apekSA jIvAdi dravyoM meM no Agama dravya nikSepa kahA gayA hai| zaMkA : syAdvAda mata ke kathanAnusAra bAdhArahita anvaya jJAna se mukhya Agama dravya to siddha ho sakatA hai parantu trikAlagocara jJAyaka zarIra aura karma nokarma ke bheda se aneka prakAra kA tadvyatireka no Agama dravya kaise siddha ho sakatA hai, kyoMki isameM bAdhA rahita pratIti kA abhAva hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra ke anvaya kA sadbhAva jJAyaka zarIra aura karma nokarma rUpa tadvyatireka meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai kyoMki tattvoM ko jAnane kA prArambha karate samaya jo merA zarIra thA vahI zarIra tattva jJAna kI parisamApti ke samaya bhI hai| isa prakAra vartamAnakAlIna jJAyaka zarIra meM anvaya jJAna hotA hai aura jo merA do dina pUrva zarIra thA vahI Aja hai aisA pratIta hotA hai| tathA tattva jJAna ke upayoga kAla meM jo merA zarIra thA vahI zarIra tattva ke anupayoga kAla meM bhI hai, isa prakAra atIta jJAyaka zarIra meM pratyabhijJAna hotA hI hai| tathA jaise isa samaya anupayukta tattvajJAnI kA zarIra hai vahI zarIra bhaviSya kAla meM tattva jJAna ke upayoga ke samaya rahegA ataH anAgata bhAvI kAla ke jJAyaka zarIra meM anvaya jJAna ghaTita hotA hai| aisA mAnane para to bhAvI no Agama dravya nikSepa se jJAyaka zarIra abhinna hI siddha hotA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki usa jJAyaka zarIra se jJAyaka AtmA se viziSTa bhAvI noAgama dravya bhinna hai vaha jJAyaka zarIra Agama dravya se bhinna pratIta hotA hai anAtmatva hone se| arthAt Agama jJAna ke upayoga se rahita AtmA ko Agama dravya kahA hai aura jo Agama ko jAnane vAlA AtmA Age hogA vaha bhAvI hai aura jIva ke jar3a zarIra ko jJAyaka zarIra kahA hai ata: jJAyaka zarIra cetanA rahita hai, bhAvI cetanA sahita hai ata: ina donoM meM antara hai| tadvyatireka ke karma aura nokarma bheda bhI anvaya jJAna se jAne nahIM jAte haiM ata: ye donoM jJAyaka zarIra se pRthak nahIM haiN| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki kArmaNa vargaNAoM se nirmita kArmaNa zarIra (karma) aura kArmaNa zarIra ke avinAbhAvI taijasa zarIra ko prApta AhArAdi pudgala vargaNAoM ke jJAyaka
Page #154
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 141 zarIrabhAvamApannasyAhArAdipudgalasya vA jJAyakazarIratvAsiddheH, audArikavaikriyikAhArakazarIratrayasyaiva jJAyakazarIratvopapatteranyathA vigrahagatAvapi jIvasyopayuktajJAnatvaprasaMgAt taijasakArmaNazarIrayoH sdbhaavaat| karma nokarma noAgamadravyaM bhAvinoAgamadravyAdanAMtaramiti cenna, jIvAdiprAbhRtajJAyipuruSakarma nokarmabhAvamApannasyaiva tathAbhidhAnAt tatonyasya bhAvinoAgamadravyatvopagamAt / tadetaduktaprakAraM dravyaM yathoditasvarUpApekSayA mukhyamanyathAtvenAdhyAropitaM gauNamavaboddhavyam // sAMprato vastuparyAyo bhAvo dvedhA sa pUrvavat / AgamaH prAbhRtajJAyI pumAMstatropayuktadhIH // 67 // noAgamaH punarbhAvo vastu tatparyayAtmakam / dravyAdarthAMtaraM bhedapratyayAd dhvastabAdhanAt // 68 // zarIrapanA siddha nahIM hai| athavA AhAra vargaNA, bhASA vargaNA Adi ke jJAyaka zarIratva siddha nahIM hai kyoMki audArika, vaikriyika aura AhAraka ina tIna zarIroM ko hI jJAyaka zarIrapanA yukta hai| anyathA (yadi ina tIna zarIra ko jJAyaka zarIrapanA- nahIM mAneMge to) vigraha gati meM bhI jIva ke upayogAtmaka jJAna ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki vigraha gati meM taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| ata: jJAyaka zarIra aura tadvyatireka karma nokarma pRthak-pRthak haiM / karma aura nokarma rUpa noAgama dravya se noAgamabhAvI dravya pRthak nahIM hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki jIva, samyagdarzana Adi zAstroM ko jAnane vAle puruSa ke karma nokarma ko prApta dravya ko karma nokarma noAgama dravya kahA hai| una karma nokarma se bhinna Age karma nokarma se yukta hone vAle jIva ko bhAvI noAgama dravya kahA hai, yaha ina donoM meM antara hai / isa prakAra ukta prakAra se kathita dravya nikSepa yathodita svarUpa kI apekSA mukhya aura gauNa kI apekSA do prakAra kA hai| Upara meM jisakA svarUpa kahA hai vaha dravya nikSepa mukhya hai aura kisI meM kalpanA se Aropita kiyA jAtA hai vaha gauNa hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| jaise kundakundAcArya ko vidvAn kahanA mukhya hai.aura kundakundAcArya ke phoTo ko vidvAn kahanA gauNa hai| isa prakAra dravya nikSepa kA kathana kiyA hai| aba bhAva nikSepa kahate haiM : vastu kI vartamAna kAlIna paryAya ko bhAva nikSepa kahate haiN| dravya nikSepa ke samAna bhAva nikSepa bhI Agama aura no Agama ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| unameM jIvAdi zAstroM ko jAnane vAlA usameM upayukta AtmA Agama bhAva kahalAtA hai aura jIva zAstrAdi paryAyoM kA svarUpa no Agama bhAva nikSepa kahalAtA hai // 67 // . bAdhAoM se rahita bheda kA jJAna hone se bhAva nikSepa dravya nikSepa se bhinna hai| arthAt anvaya jJAna se dravya nikSepa jAnA jAtA hai aura paryAya ko jAnane vAle bheda (vyatireka) se bhAva nikSepa jAnA jAtA hai dravya nikSepa meM anvaya jJAna liyA jAtA hai, bhAva nikSepa meM usa jJAna se yukta vartamAna paryAya kA grahaNa hotA hai // 68 //
Page #155
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 142 vastunaH paryAyasvabhAvo bhAva iti vacanAttasyAvastusvabhAvatA vyudasyate / sAMprata iti vacanAtkAlatrayavyApino dravyasya bhAvarUpatA / nanvevamatItasyAnAgatasya ca paryAyasya bhAvarUpatAvirodhAdvartamAnasyApi sA na syAttasya pUrvApekSayAnAgatatvAt uttarApekSayAtItatvAdato bhAvalakSaNasyAvyAptirasaMbhavo vA syAditi cenna, atItasyAnAgatasya ca paryAyasya svakAlApekSayA sAMpratikatvAdbhAvarUpatopapatterananuyAyinaH pariNAmasya sAMpratikatvopagamAduktadoSAbhAvAt / sa tu bhAvo dvedhA dravyavadAgamanoAgamavikalpAt / tatprAbhRtaviSayopayogAviSTa AtmA Agama: jIvAdiparyAyAviSTo'nya iti vacanAt / kathaM punarAgamo jIvAdibhAva iti cet , pratyayajIvAdivastunaH sAMpratikaparyAyatvAt / pratyayAtmakA vastu kA paryAya svabhAva bhAva nikSepa hai, aisA kahane se bhAva nikSepa avastu hai isakA khaNDana ho jAtA hai arthAt bhAva nikSepa bhI vastu kA svarUpa hai, avastu nahIM hai| sAmprata, vartamAna kAla aisA kahane se trikAlavartI dravya ke bhAva nikSepa kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai arthAt trikAlavartI dravya bhAva nikSepa nahIM hai apitu vartamAna kAla saMbaMdhI dravya kI paryAya bhAva nikSepa hai aisA samajhanA caahie| zaMkA : isa prakAra bhUta aura bhaviSya kAla kI paryAyoM ke bhAva nikSepa kA virodha hone se vartamAna kAla ke bhI bhAvarUpatA nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki vartamAna kAla kI paryAya pUrva paryAya kI apekSA se bhAvI hai aura uttara paryAya kI apekSA vartamAna paryAya bhUtakAlIna hai arthAt vartamAna paryAya bhI bhUta aura bhaviSyat paryAya meM antarbhUta hai ata: bhAva nikSepa kA lakSaNa vizeSa bhAvoM meM na jAne se ativyApti aura vartamAna paryAya meM na rahane se asaMbhava doSa se dUSita hai arthAt ekAnta se koI vartamAna paryAya hI nahIM hai- ata: yaha lakSaNa asaMbhava hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki bhUtakAlIna aura bhaviSyakAlIna paryAyeM apaneapane kAla kI apekSA to vartamAna kAla kI hI haiM ataH unameM bhAvarUpatA bhAvanikSepa ghaTita ho jAtA hai| parantu jo paryAya Age pIche kI paryAyoM meM anugamana nahIM karatI hai kevala vartamAna kAla meM hI rahatI hai vaha vartamAna kAla kI paryAya bhAva nikSepa kA viSaya hotI hai aisA mAnA gayA hai ataH pUrvokta doSoM kA bhAva nikSepa meM abhAva hai| bhAvArtha : vartamAna kAla kI apekSA hI bhUta aura bhaviSyat kAla kI siddhi hotI hai| kyoMki vartamAna meM jisakA dhvaMsa hai vaha bhUtakAla hai aura vartamAna meM jisakA prAg abhAva hai vaha bhaviSya hai| ata: paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA tInoM kAla pRthak-pRthak haiM / dravya nikSepa ke samAna Agama aura no Agama ke vikalpa se bhAva nikSepa do prakAra ke haiN| jIvAdi zAstroM ko jAnane vAle aura unameM upayukta AtmA Agama bhAva nikSepa hai aura usake sahAyaka jIvana prANadhAraNa Adi paryAyoM se yukta AtmA no Agama bhAva nikSepa hai| isa prakAra ArSa granthoM meM pratipAdana kiyA hai| prazna : jJAna svarUpa Agama ko jIvAdi bhAva nikSepatva kaise ghaTita hotA hai? uttara : jJAnasvarUpa jIvAdi vastuoM ke vartamAna kAla kI paryAyapanA hai| kyoMki jIvAdi padArtha jJAnAtmaka prasiddha hI haiN| jaise
Page #156
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *143 hi jIvAdayaH prasiddhA evArthAbhidhAnAtmakajIvAdivat / tatra jIvAdiviSayopayogAkhyena tatpratyayenAviSTaH pumAneva tadAgama iti na virodhaH, tatonyasya jIvAdiparyAyAviSTasyArthAdeAgamabhAvajIvatvena vyavasthApanAt / na caivaMprakAro bhAvo'siddhastasya bAdharahitena pratyayena sAdhitatvAt proktaprakAradravyavat / nApi dravyAdanAMtarameva tasyAbAdhitabhedapratyayaviSayatvAt anyathAnvayapratyayaviSayatvAnuSaMgAdravyavat // nAmoktaM sthApanA dravyaM dravyArthikanayArpaNAt / paryAyArthArpaNAd bhAvastaiAsaH samyagIritaH // 69 // nanvastu dravyaM zuddhamazuddhaM ca dravyArthikanayAdezAt nAmasthApane tu kathaM tayoH pravRttimArabhya artha aura zabdAtmaka padArtha prasiddha haiM arthAt sarva padArtha jJAna, zabda aura arthAtmaka hote haiN| jaise jIva kahane se tIna padArtha dhvanita hote haiN| jIva yaha zabda hai, jIva zabda sunakara AtmA meM cetanAtmaka jIva kA jJAna hotA hai vaha jJAnAtmaka hai aura jAnane dekhane vAlA AtmA padArtha hai| ata: isa bhAva nikSepa ke prakaraNa meM jIvAdi viSaya kA kathana karane vAle Agama jJAna meM upayukta AtmA ko Agama bhAva kaha diyA jAtA hai ata: Agama bhAva se bhinna jIvAdi paryAyoM se yukta sahakArI padArtha no Agama bhAva jIva se vyavasthApanA hotI hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai arthAt Agama bhAva se bhinna no Agama bhAva hai| AgamabhAva zAstra meM upayukta AtmA hai aura no Agama bhAva usakA sahakArI kAraNa hai| isa prakAra bhAva nikSepa asiddha nahIM hai kyoMki jaise do prakAra ke dravya nikSepa kI nirdoSa jJAna se siddhi ho gaI hai usI prakAra do prakAra ke bhAva nikSepa kI bhI samIcIna jJAna se siddhi ho cukI hai| tathA vaha bhAva nikSepa dravya nikSepa se pRthakbhUta hI hai| kyoMki bhAva nikSepa kA viSaya abAdhita bheda pratyaya rUpa vartamAna kAlIna hai| anyathA (yadi bheda rUpa vartamAna kAlIna nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) dravya nikSepa ke samAna bhAva nikSepa ke bhI trikAlagocara padArthoM kA jJAna karAne vAle anvaya jJAna kI viSayatA kA prasaMga aayegaa| bhAvArtha : anvayajJAna kA viSaya dravya nikSepa hai aura vizeSarUpa bheda ke jJAna kA viSaya bhAva nikSepa hai| tInoM kAla kI paryAyoM kA saMkalana dravya nikSepa meM hotA hai aura vartamAna kAla kA Akalana bhAva nikSepa se hotA hai| 'dravyArthika naya kI vivakSA se nAma, sthApanA aura dravya ye tIna nikSepa hote haiN| tathA paryAyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA se bhAva nikSepa kA kathana hai| isa prakAra jIva ajIva Adi tattvoM tathA samyagdarzana Adi meM loka vyavahAra ke lie nAmAdi nikSepa bhalI prakAra kahe gaye haiM // 69 // zaMkA : dravyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA se zuddha aura azuddha ke bheda se dravya do prakAra kA kahA jA sakatA hai parantu nAma aura sthApanA ye dravyArthika naya ke viSaya kaise ho sakate hai? samAdhAna : nAma aura
Page #157
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 144 prAguparamAdanvayitvAditi brUmaH / na ca tadasiddhaM devadatta ityAdi nAmnaH kvacidvAlAdyavasthAbhedAdbhinnepi vicchedaanpptternvyitvsiddheH| kSetrapAlAdisthApanAyAzca kAlabhedepi tathAtvAviccheda ityanvayitvamanvayapratyayaviSayatvAt / yadi punaranAdyanaMtAnvayAsattvAnnAmasthApanayorananvayitvaM tadA ghaTAderapi na syAt / tathA ca kuto dravyatvaM ? vyavahAranayAttasyAvAMtaradravyatve tata eva nAmasthApanayostadastu vizeSAbhAvAt / tataH sUktaM nAmasthApanAdravyANi dravyArthikasya nikSepa iti| bhAvastu paryAyArthikasya sAMpratikavizeSamAtratvAttasya / tadetairnAmAdibhiyA'so na mithyA, samyagityadhikArAt samyaktvaM punarasya sunayairadhigamyamAnatvAt // sthApanA meM pravRtti ke prArambha se lekara virAma ke pUrva taka anvayIpanA pAyA jAtA hai aura anvayIpanA hI dravya nikSepa kA AdhAra hai, isalie hama nAma, sthApanA nikSepa dravyArthika naya kI apekSA kahate haiM tathA nAma aura sthApanA meM anvayIpanA asiddha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki devadatta Adi nAmoM kA kinhIM vyaktiyoM meM bAlaka kumAra Adi avasthAoM ke bheda se bhinna hote hue bhI viccheda kI anupapatti (viccheda kA abhAva) hone se anvayIpanA siddha hai arthAt devadattAdi nAma bAlaka yuvA Adi sabhI avasthA meM vyApI hai, tabhI to usa meM ekatva Adi pratyabhijJAna hotA hai| kSetrapAla kI sthApanA Adi meM kAla kI apekSA bheda hote hue bhI sthApanAtva kI apekSA vyavaccheda nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| isIlie pASANa Adi meM sthApita kSetrapAlAdi meM yaha vahI hai, yaha vahI hai' isa prakAra ke anvayI jJAna kI viSayatA hone se anvayIpanA bahuta kAla taka avicchinna rUpa se calatA rahatA hai arthAt anAdi kAla se sthApita akRtrima jina mandira, jina pratimAoM ke nAma sthApanA kA anvaya siddha hI hai| yadi punaH anAdikAla se lekara ananta kAlataka anvaya kA asatva hone se nAma aura sthApanA meM anvayapanA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to ghaTa Adika ke bhI anvayapanA nahIM ho sakegA aura ghaTAdi meM anvayapanA * na hone se unameM dravyatva bhI ghaTita kaise hogA? arthAt kucha kAla taka anvayatva hone ke kAraNa hI ghaTAdi dravyArthika naya ke viSaya hote haiN| ghaTa manuSyAdi paryAya anAdi ananta kAla taka raha nahIM sakatI hai| yadi vyavahAra naya kI apekSA una ghaTa Adi padArthoM meM anAdi ananta mahAdravya vyApI avAntara vizeSa dravya mAnA jAyegA to usI prakAra nAma aura sthApanA nikSepa meM bhI mahAdravyavyApI avAntara dravya vizeSa mAna lenA cAhie kyoMki dravya nikSepa ke anvaya meM aura nAma sthApanA ke anvaya meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| ata: nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa dravyArthika naya ke viSaya haiM aura bhAva nikSepa vartamAna kAlavizeSa gocara hone se paryAyArthika naya kA viSaya hai; yaha AcAryadeva kA kathana / samIcIna hai| yahA~ samyagdarzana kA adhikAra hone se nAma sthApanAdi ke dvArA hone vAlA loka vyavahAra mithyA nahIM hai| kyoMki sunayoM ke dvArA vastu dharma kA nirNaya kara ke hI nAma sthApanA Adi dvArA jIvAdi tattvoM kA samIcIna nyAsa (adhigama) hotA hai ata: cAroM nikSepa samIcIna haiN|
Page #158
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *145 teSAM darzanajIvAdipadArthAnAmazeSataH / iti saMpratipattavyaM tacchabdagrahaNAdiha // 70 // yadamasta kazcit tadgrahaNaM sUtrenarthakaM tena vinApi nAmAdibhiyA'saH / samyagdarzanajIvAdInAmityabhisaMbaMdhasiddhesteSAM prakRtatvAnna jIvAdInAmeva anaMtaratvAttadabhisaMbaMdhaprasaktisteSAM vizeSAdiSTatvAt prakRtadarzanAdInAmabAdhakatvAt tadviSayatvenApradhAnatvAcca / nApi samyagdarzanAdInAmeva nAmAdinyAsAbhisaMbaMdhApattiH jIvAdInAmapi pratyAsannatvena tadabhisaMbaMdhaghaTanAditi / tadanena nirastaM / samyagdarzanAdInAM pradhAnAnAmapratyAsannAnAM jIvAdInAM ca pradhAnAnAM pratyAsannAnAM nAmAdinyAsAbhisaMbaMdhArthatvAt tadgrahaNasya / tadabhAve pratyAsatteH pradhAnaM balIya iti nyAyAt samyagdarzanAdInAmeva tatprasaMgasya nivaaryitumshkteH|| isa sUtra meM tat zabda kA grahaNa hone se samyagdarzana jJAna cAritra tathA jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA azeSa (sarva) rUpa se nyAsa (nAmasthApanAdi ke dvArA loka vyavahAra) hotA hai, aisA vizvAsa karanA cAhie // 70 // . koI vAdI mAnate haiM ki sUtra meM tat zabda kA grahaNa niSprayojana hai kyoMki tat zabda ke binA bhI nAmAdi ke dvArA jIvAdi padArthoM kA nyAsa (loka vyavahAra) ho sakatA hai| tathA jIvAdi tattvoM kA aura samyagdarzana Adi mokSaprApti ke upAyoM kA prakaraNa hone se unakA nAmAdi nyAsa ke sAtha saMbaMdha siddha hI hai ataH tat zabda kA grahaNa na karane para bhI avyavahita pUrva hone se jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA grahaNa ho hI jAtA hai parantu anantara hone se tat zabda kA grahaNa karane para bhI samyagdarzanAdi kA nyAsa ke sAtha saMbaMdha nahIM ho sakatA parantu aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki una jIvAdikoM kA anantaratva arthAt nyAsa sUtra ke sAtha nikaTatA hone se unake abhisaMbaMdha to hote hI haiM ata: unakA to vizeSa rUpa se Adeza kara diyA gayA hai| vyApaka prakaraNa to samyagdarzana Adi kA hI hai ata: ve jIvAdika prakaraNa meM prApta samyagdarzana AdikoM ke bAdhaka nahIM haiM kyoMki samyagdarzanAdi kA viSaya hone se jIvAdi apradhAnabhUta haiM arthAt jIvAdi sAta tattva samyagdarzana ke viSayabhUta padArtha haiM aura samyagdarzanAdi viSayI haiM ataH pradhAnabhUta samyagdarzanAdi kA saMbaMdha honA chUTa nahIM sakatA tathA samyagdarzana AdikoM ke hI sAtha nAmAdi ke dvArA nyAsa ke saMbaMdha hone kI Apatti prApta hogI, aisA bhI nahIM hai arthAt samyagdarzanAdi kA grahaNa ho hI jAtA hai kyoMki atyanta nikaTavartI hone se jIvAdika ke sAtha bhI nyAsa kA saMbaMdha honA ghaTita ho jAtA hai| aba jainAcArya isa prakAra tat zabda para vicAra karane vAle vAdI kA khaNDana karate haiN| "pradhAnApradhAnayoH pradhAne sampratyayaH" pradhAna aura apradhAna kA prakaraNa hone para pradhAna meM hI jJAna hotA hai isalie dUravartI pradhAnabhUta samyagdarzana Adi kA tathA nikaTavartI apradhAnabhUta jIvAdi kA nAmAdi nyAsa ke sAtha saMbaMdha karAne ke lie tat zabda ko grahaNa kiyA hai kyoMki tat zabda ke grahaNa ke abhAva meM pratyAsatti se bhI pradhAna adhika balavAna hotA hai, isa nyAya ke anusAra pradhAnabhUta samyagdarzana Adi ke sAtha hI nyAsa kA saMbaMdha hone kA prasaMga AyegA jIvAdi ke sAtha nahIM isakA nivAraNa karanA azakya hogA arthAt tat zabda ke abhAva meM pradhAnabhUta samyagdarzanAdi kA hI nAmAdika ke dvArA lokavyavahAra hogA, apradhAnabhUta jIvAdika ke sAtha nahIM; isa prasaMga kA nirAkaraNa
Page #159
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 146 nanvanaMtaH padArthAnAM nikSepo vAcya itysn| nAmAdiSveva tasyAMtarbhAvAtsaMkSeparUpataH // 71 // ___saMkhyAta eva nikSepastatprarUpakanayAnAM saMkhyAtatvAt , saMkhyAtA eva nayAstacchabdAnAM saMkhyAtatvAra / "yAvaMto vacanapathAstAvaMta: saMbhavaMti nayavAdAH" iti vacanAt / tato na nikSepo'naMtavikalpaH prapaMcato prasaMjanIya iti cenna, vikalpApekSayArthApekSayA ca nikSepasyAsaMkhyAtatopapatteranantatopapattezca tathAbhidhAnAt kevalamanaMtabhedasyApi nikSepasya nAmAdivijAtIyasyAbhAvAnnAmAdiSvaMtarbhAvAt saMkSepatazcAturvidhyamAha // dravyaparyAyato vAcyo nyAsa ityapyasaMgatam / atisaMkSepatastasyAniSTeravAnyathAstu saH // 72 // na hyatrAtisaMkSepato nikSepo vivakSito yena tadvividha eva syAdravyataH paryAyatazceti tathA vivakSAyA tu tasya dvaividhye na kiMcidaniSTaM / saMkSepatastu caturvidhosau kathita iti sarvamanavadyam // duHzakya ho jAyegA ataH tat zabda kA grahaNa pradhAna apradhAna donoM kA grahaNa karane ke lie hai| zaMkA : padArtha ananta haiM ata: nikSepa bhI ananta hone caahie| samAdhAna : aisI zaMkA bhI prazaMsanIya nahIM hai kyoMki saMkSepa rUpa se nAmAdi cAra nikSepoM meM hI ananta nikSepoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai // 71 // nikSepa saMkhyAta hI ho sakate haiM, kyoMki nikSepoM ke prarUpaka naya saMkhyAta hI haiN| nayoM ke pratipAdaka zabda bhI saMkhyAta haiM ata: naya saMkhyAta haiM, kahA bhI hai jitane vacana mArga haiM utane hI nayavAda saMbhava haiM isalie vistAra se nikSepa ananta vikalpa vAle nahIM ho sakate haiM arthAta nikSepoM ke pratipAdaka saMkhyAta nayoM kI apekSA nikSepa saMkhyAta to ho hI sakate haiN| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki vikalpoM kI apekSA (jJAna ke vikalpoM kI apekSA) nikSepa asaMkhyAta prakAra ke haiM aura tadviSayaka arthoM kI apekSA nikSepa ananta bheda vAle hote haiM isa prakAra kA kathana hai- arthAt yadyapi zabda saMkhyAta haiM tathApi zabdajanya jJAna jAti kI apekSA asaMkhyAta hai aura vAcyaartha vyakti kI apekSA ananta haiN| isalie nikSepa bhI asaMkhyAta aura ananta ho sakate haiM parantu ananta bheda vAle nikSepoM kA nAmAdi cAra nikSepoM se bhinna jAti kAabhAva hone se ye saMkhyAta aura ananta vikalpa nAmAdi cAra nikSepoM meM hI antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| isalie saMkSepa meM nikSepa cAra prakAra ke kahe haiN| zaMkA : ye cAra prakAra ke nikSepa kaise siddha ho sakate haiM? dravya aura paryAya kI apekSA nyAsa do prakAra kA ho sakatA hai samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yadyapi do prakAra kA nikSepa kahanA sasaMgata hai| tathApi atyanta saMkSepa se usa nyAsa kA nirUpaNa karanA hama ko iSTa nahIM hai, anyathA (ati saMkSepa se hI nirUpaNa kiyA jAye to) vaha dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA do prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| yaha hamako iSTa hai isameM koI kSati nahIM hai||72|| parantu dravya aura paryAya kI apekSA ati saMkSepa se do prakAra kA nikSepa vivakSita nahIM hai| dravya aura paryAya kI apekSA hone para saMkSepa se do prakAra kA nikSepa mAnanA kiMcit aniSTa bhI nahIM hai| isalie saMkSepa se nAmAdika ke bheda se nikSepa cAra prakAra kA kahA hai| yaha kathana nirdoSa hai| arthAt atyanta saMkSepa se nikSepa do prakAra kA hai, saMkSepa se cAra prakAra kA hai| tathA vistAra se saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta aura ananta prakAra kA bhI hai parantu saMkSepa se cAra prakAra ke nikSepa kA kathana sarva jana upayogI hone se kahA gayA hai|
Page #160
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 147 nanu nyAsaH padArthAnAM yadi syAnyasyamAnatA / tadA tebhyo na bhinnaH syaadbhedaaddhrmdhrminnoH||73|| bhede nAmAditastasya paro nyAsaH prakalpyatAm / tathA ca satyavasthAnaM kva syAttasyeti kecana // 74 // na hi jIvAdayaH padArthA nAmAdibhiya'syaMte, na punastebhyo bhinno nyAsa ityatra vizeSaheturasti yato'navasthA na syAt dharmadharmiNorbhedopagamAt / tannyAsasyApi taiAsAMtare tasyApi taiAsAMtare tasyApi taiAsAMtarasya durnivAratvAditi kecit / / tadayuktamanekAMtavAdinAmanupadravAt / sarvathaikAMtavAdasya proktanItyA nivAraNAt // 75 // dravyArthikanayAttAvadabhede nyAsatadvatoH / nyAso nyAsavadarthAnAmiti gauNI vacogatiH // 76 // zaMkA : nyAsa kA artha yadi padArthoM kI nyasyamAnatA hai taba to nyAsa una padArthoM se bhinna nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki dharma aura dharmI meM bheda nahIM hotA hai| dharma dharmI meM abhinnatA hai||73|| dharma (nyAsa) aura dharmI (nyAsamAnatA) meM bheda mAna lene para usa nyAsa kI nAma Adika se phira dUsarI nyAsa kalpanA karanI par3egI / puna: tIsarA nyAsa kalpita karanA pdd'egaa| aisA hone para avasthAna kahA~ hogA arthAt aisA mAnane para anavasthA doSa AyegA isa prakAra kisI kA prazna hai? // 74 // jIvAdika padArtha nAmAdi nikSepa ke dvArA nikSepa (nyAsa) ko prApta hote haiM kintu phira una jIva AdikoM se bhinna nyAsa nAma kA padArtha nAma AdikoM se nyAsamAna nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| isameM koI vizeSa hetu nahIM hai jisase ki dharma aura dharmI kA bheda svIkAra kara lene para syAdvAda mata meM anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai, apitu AtA hI hai| kyoMki jIva rUpa dharmI se nyAsa rUpa dharma bhinna padArtha hai, usa nyAsa padArtha kA bhI puna: jIva ke samAna nAma sthApanA Adi ke dvArA nyAsa kiyA jAyegA aura nyAsa kA bhI punaH anya nyAsa kiyA jAvegA, isI prakAra bhinna nyAsAntara kiye jaayeNge| isa anavasthA kA nivAraNa karanA atyanta kaSTa sAdhya hai| isa prakAra koI prativAda kahate haiN| jainAcArya isakA samAdhAna karate haiM nAmAdi nikSepa meM anavasthA doSa kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM doSoM kA upadrava nahIM hai| syAdvAda darzana meM sarvathA bheda yA abheda ekAntavAda kA pUrvokta nIti (nyAya) se nivAraNa kara diyA hai||75|| syAdvAda darzana meM dravyArthika naya kI apekSA nyAsa aura nyAsa vAle nyasyamAna padArtha meM abheda mAnA gayA hai| ata: nyAsa vAle arthoM meM nyAsa hai, isa vacana kA prayoga karanA gauNa hai.||76|| arthAt jaise jJAna aura AtmA meM abheda mAnane para jJAna hI AtmA hai yaha prayoga mukhya hai aura jJAna se yukta AtmA hai yaha kathana gauNa hai kyoMki yaha vyavahAra naya kA kathana hai| abhinna guNa-guNI ke piNDa rUpa dravya kA viSaya karane vAlA dravyArthika naya dharma-dharmI ko eka svarUpa se grahaNa karatA hai|
Page #161
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 148 paryAyArthanayAdbhede tayormukhyaiva sA mtaa| nyAsasyApi ca nAmAdinyAseSTe navasthitiH // 77 // bhedaprabhedarUpeNAnaMtatvAtsarvavastunaH / sadbhirvicAryamANasya pramANAnnAnyathA gatiH // 7 // nyasyamAnatA padArthebhyo'nAMtarameva cetyekAMtavAdina evopadravaMte na punaranekAMtavAdinasteSAM dravyArthikanayArpaNAttadabhedasya, paryAyArpaNAdbhedasyeSTatvAt / tatrAbhedavivakSAyAM padArthAnAM nyAsa iti gauNI vAcoyukti: padArthebhyo'nanyasyApi nyAsasya bhedenopacaritasya tathA kathanAt / na hi dravyArthikasya tadbhedo mukhyosti tsyaabhedprdhaantvaat| bhedavivakSAyAM tu mukhyA sA paryAyArthikasya bhedapradhAnatvAt / na ca tatrAnavasthA, paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA nyAsa aura nyAsa vAle padArtha meM bheda ho jAne para padArthoM kA nyAsa yaha bheda garbhita vacana kA prayoga mukhya mAnA gayA hai| jaise AtmA kA jJAna / aisI dazA meM nyAsa padArtha kA bhI nAmAdi nikSepoM ke dvArA puna: nyAsa karanA iSTa hai| isameM anavasthA doSa nahIM hai jaise vRkSa ko kahane vAle vRkSa zabda meM bhI yaha akArAnta hai, pulliMga hai yaha nAma rakhe jAte haiN| isI prakAra eka viziSTa RSi meM AcArya kI sthApanA karalI jAtI hai| usa AcArya kI anupasthiti meM dUsare RSi meM AcArya kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai usakI citrAma meM AcArya kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| bahuta paryAyoM kA antara hone para bhI una madhya meM hone vAlI paryAyoM kI utprekSA karake dravya nikSepa kA bhI dravya nikSepa kiyA jAtA hai| jaise rAvaNa ko bhAvI tIrthaMkara khnaa| tathA sthUla vartamAna meM sUkSma vartamAna paryAyoM kA tAratamya se bhAva nikSepa bhI nyasyamAna ho jAtA hai||77|| sampUrNa vastuyeM bheda aura prabheda rUpa se ananta haiM, buddhimAnoM ko una sarva bheda prabhedoM ko pramANa aura naya ke dvArA jAnanA cAhie anyathA (ekAnta vAda ke dvArA) vastu kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii||78|| nyasyamAnatA padArthoM se abhinna hI hai, isa prakAra ekAntavAdI upadrava karate haiM / parantu anekAnta vAda meM koI upadrava nahIM hai kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM dravyArthika naya kI apekSA nyAsa aura nyasya mAna padArtha meM abheda svIkAra kiyA hai aura paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA bheda ko iSTa mAnA hai| usameM abheda vivakSA hone para padArthoM kA nyAsa isa bheda pratirUpaka SaSThI vibhakti kA prayoga gauNa ho jAtA hai| ataH padArthoM se abhinna nyAsa kA bheda rUpa vyavahAra naya se vaisA kathana kara diyA gayA hai| yaha bheda rUpa kathana upacarita hai| jaise AtmA ke jJAna, pudgala ke rUpa Adi kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| dravyArthika naya se kiyA gayA nyAsa aura nyasyamAna padArtha kA bheda mukhya nahIM hai kyoMki dravyArthika naya meM abheda kI pradhAnatA hai| bheda vivakSA meM padArthoM kA nyAsa hai, yaha kathana vyavahAra naya se mukhya hai kyoMki paryAyArthika naya mukhya rUpa se bheda kA kathana karatA hai| isa prakAra naya vivakSA hone para anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki jisa padArtha meM nAmAdi nikSepa kA nyAya lokavyavahAra ke lie nAma Adi rakhe jAte haiM vaha padArtha-nyasyamAna hai aura nAma Adi nyAsa hai| 2. saaNkhy| ov
Page #162
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 149 nyAsasyApi naamaadibhinyaasopgmaat| nAmajIvAdayaH sthApanAjIvAdayo dravyajIvAdayo bhAvajIvAdayazceti jIvAdibhedAnAM pratyekaM nAmAdibhedena vyavahArasya pravRtteH parAparatatprabhedAnAmanaMtatvAt sarvasya vastuno'naMtAtmakatvenaiva pramANato vicAryamANasya vyavasthitatvAt sarvathaikAMte pratItyabhAvAt // nanu nAmAdayaH kenye nyasyamAnArtharUpataH / yaiAsostu padArthAnAmiti kepynuyuNjte|| 79 // tebhyopi bhedarUpeNa kathaMcidavasAyataH / nAmAdInAM padArthebhyaH prAyazo dattamuttaram // 80 // nAmeMdrAdiH pRthaktAvadbhAveMdrAdeH prtiiyte| sthApaneMdrAdirapyevaM dravyeMdrAdizca tattvataH // 81 // tadbhedazca padArthebhyaH kathaMcidghaTarUpavat / sthApyasthApakabhAvAderanyathAnupapattitaH // 82 // nyAsa ke bhI nAmAdika ke dvArA nyAsa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai arthAt jIvAdi padArthoM ke samAna nyAsa bhI svataMtra padArtha hai| usake bhI nAma sthApanA Adi nyAsa kiye jAte haiM jaise - nAma jIva, sthApanA jIva, dravya jIva, bhAva jIva aadi| isa prakAra jIvAdi bhedoM meM pratyeka bheda meM nAma sthApanA Adi bheda se vyavahAra kI pravRtti hotI hai kyoMki jIvAdi padArthoM ke para, apara aura unake avAntara bhedoM kI apekSA anantapanA hai arthAt unake avAntara bheda ananta hote hai| pramANa ke dvArA vicAryamANa sampUrNa vastue~ ananta dharmoM se tadAtmaka hokara vyavasthita haiN| sarvathA ekAnta pakSa ke anusAra padArthoM kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai arthAt aneka dharmoM se vyApta vastu kI siddhi syAdvAda darzana meM kathita naya cakra ke dvArA hI hotI hai, ekAntavAdiyoM ke nahIM ho sakatI / nyasyamAna padArthoM se bhinna nAmAdi nikSepa kyA vastu hai, jinake dvArA padArthoM kA nyAsa hotA hai / nyAsa aura nyasyamAna padArtha bheda rUpa se kathaMcit pratIta nahIM hote haiM, inakA bheda rUpa se nirNaya nahIM hotA hai| aisA koI vAdI kahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki nAmAdi nikSepoM kA padArthoM se kathaMcit bheda hai isakA uttara pUrva meM de cuke haiM kyoMki nAma nikSepa se vyavahRta kiye gaye indrAdi padArtha svargastha bhAva indra Adi padArthoM se pRthakbhUta pratIta hote haiN| isI prakAra pASANa Adi meM sthApita indra se svargastha bhAva indra vibhinna hai| tathA bhAvI kAla meM hone vAle dravya indrAdi kI apekSA vartamAna kAlIna bhAva indra Adi tattvataH pRthakbhUta pratIta hote haiM / isalie jIvAdi padArthoM se nAmAdi nikSepa kathaMcit bhedasvarUpa haiN| jaise ghaTa se ghaTa kA rUpa kathaMcit bhinna hai anyathA (syAdvAda naya kI paddhati ke binA) sthApya sthApaka bhAva, vartamAna bhaviSya bhAva, pariNAmI pariNAma bhAva Adi kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI // 79-80-81-82 // arthAt prathama svarga kA saudharma indra sthApya hai, kisI padArtha meM indra kI sthApanA karane vAlA puruSa sthApaka hai, jisa padArtha meM sthApanA kI hai vaha sthApanA hai| kisI puruSa kA 'indra' yaha nAma rakhanA saMjJA hai, jisakA nAma rakhA gayA hai vaha saMjJeya hai / ityAdi prakAra se nAmAdi nikSepoM kA nyasyamAna padArthoM se kathaMcit bheda hai|
Page #163
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 150 nAmAdayo vizeSA jIvAdyarthAt kathaMcidbhinnA nikSipyamANanikSepakabhAvAt sAmAnyavizeSabhAvAt pratyayAdibhedAcca / tatasteSAmabhede tadanupapatteriti / ghaTAdrUpAdInAmiva pratItisiddhatvAnnAmAdInAM nyasyamAnArthAbhedena tasya taiyA'so yukta eva / na hi nAmeMdraH sthApaneMdro dravyeMdro vA bhAveMdrAdabhinna eva pratIyate yena nAmeMdrAdivizeSANAM tadvato bhedo na syAt / nanvevaM nAmAdInAM parasparaparihAreNa sthitatvAdekatrArthevasthAnaM na syAt virodhAt zItoSNasparzavat, sattvAsattvavadveti cenna; asiddhatvAdvirodhasya nAmAdInAmekatra darzanAd virodhasyAdarzanasAdhyatvAt / paramaizvaryamanubhavatkazcidAtmA hi bhAveMdraH sAMpratikeMdratvaparyAyAviSTatvAt / sa evAnAgatamiMdratvaparyAyaM prati gRhItAbhimukhyatvAdrvyeMdraH, sa eveMdrAMtaratvena vyavasthApyamAnaH sthApaneMdraH , sa eveMdrAMtaranAmnAbhidhIyamAno nAmeMdra ityekatrAtmani dRzyamAnAnAM kathamiha virodho nAma atiprasaMgAt / tata eva jIvAdi padArthoM se nAmAdi nikSepa nikSepyamANa, nikSepaka bhAva, sAmAnya vizeSa bhAva aura jJAna bheda kI apekSA kathaMcit bhinna hai arthAt jIvAdi padArtha sAmAnya haiM aura nAmAdi nikSepa vizeSa haiM ataH nikSepya sAmAnya jIvAdi padArtha aura nikSepaka nAmAdi nikSepa ye pRthak-pRthak haiN| vAcaka zabda (nikSepya aura nikSepaka) prayojana, saMkhyA, kAraNa Adi ke bheda se bhI inameM bheda hai| tathA jIvAdi padArtha nikSepita kiye jAte haiM ata: ye karma haiM aura nAmAdi nikSepa karane vAle karaNa haiM tathA inakA jJAna bhI pRthak-pRthak hotA hai| isalie ye bhinna-bhinna haiN| yadi padArthoM se una nAmAdikoM kA abheda mAnA jAyegA to unameM nikSepya, nikSepaka Adi kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI jaise ghaTa se ghaTa rUpa meM kathaMcit bheda hai ata: nyasya padArthoM se nAmAdi nikSepoM kI kathaMcit bheda rUpa pratIti siddha hone se nikSepa ke dvArA padArthoM kA nyAsa (loka vyavahAra) hotA hai, yaha kathana yuktisaMgata hai| nAma indra, sthApanA indra aura dravya indra bhAva indra se abhinna hI pratIta hote hai,kyoMki nAma indra, sthApanA indra Adi vizeSaNoM kA vizeSaNavAna vizeSya, bhAva indra se bheda nahIM hotA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki vizeSya aura vizeSaNa meM nikSepya aura nikSepaka meM kathaMcit bheda hai| jIvAdi padArthoM meM nAmAdika nikSepa yugapat dRSTigocara hote haiN| zaMkA : isa prakAra nikSepya aura nikSepaka meM (nAmAdikoM meM) bheda hone para paraspara parihAra (eka dUsare kA nirAkaraNa) rUpa bheda sthita hogA aura unakA eka jagaha, eka artha meM avasthAna nahIM hogA kyoMki zIta sparza aura uSNa sparza ke samAna vA sad asat ke samAna ekasthAna meM rahane kA virodha hogaa| samAdhAna: aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai inameM virodha kI asiddhi hai| kyoMki ekatra dRSTigocara nahIM honA hI virodha sAdhya hai| parantu jIvAdi padArthoM meM nAma, sthApanAdi nikSepa yugapat dRSTigocara hote haiM (ata: anupalaMbha pramANa se sAdhane yogya virodha yahA~ kaise saMbhava hai, kaise bhI nahIM) jaise parama aizvarya kA anubhava karane vAlA saudharma svargastha koI AtmA vartamAna kAlIna indra paryAya se yukta bhAva indra hai| vahI bhAva indra bhaviSya kAla meM hone vAlI aneka palya pramANa kAla taka bhogane yogya indra paryAya ke prati abhimukha hone se dravya rUpa indra hai| vahI indra indrAntaratva meM sthApita kiyA jAtA hai ataH vaha sthApanA indra ho jAtA hai| arthAt eka rAjA meM dUsare rAjA kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai isameM koI kSati nahIM hai| tathA vahI saudharma indra brahma, Anata Adi dUsare indroM ke nAmoM se kahA jAtA hai taba vaha nAma indra bhI ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra eka hI bhAva indra
Page #164
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 151 na nAmAdInAM saMkaro vyatikaro vA svarUpeNaiva pratIte: / tadanena nAmAdInAmekatrAbhAvasAdhane virodhaadisaadhnsyaasiddhiruktaa| yenAtmanA nAma tenaiva sthApanAdInAmekatraikadA virodha eveti cet na, tathAnabhyupagamAt // ekatrArthe virodhazcennAmAdInAM shocyte| naikatvAsiddhitIrthasya bahiraMtazca sarvathA // 83 // na hi bahiraMtarvA sarvathaikasvabhAvaM bhAvamanubhavAmo nAnaikasvabhAvasya tasya prtiiterbaadhkaabhaavaat| na ca tathAbhUterthe, yena svabhAvena nAmavyavahArastenaiva sthApanAdivyavaharaNaM tasya pratiniyatasvabhAvanibaMdhanatayAnubhUteriti kathaM virodhaH siddhyet / kiM ca / nAmAdibhyo virodhonanyo'nyo vA syAdubhayarUpo vA ? rUpa AtmA meM nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa yugapat pAye jAte haiN| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| isameM virodha kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai ? isameM virodha mAnane para ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt nAmAdi nikSepoM meM ekatra virodha mAna lene para mAtA putrI, rUpa rasa Adi ke bhI eka padArtha meM rahane kA virodha aayegaa| isIlie nAmAdi nikSepoM kI nija-nija svarUpa se svataMtratA pUrvaka artha meM pratIti hone se saMkara vyatikara doSa bhI nahIM haiN| (sampUrNa dharmoM ke paraspara mila jAne ko saMkara doSa kahate haiN| eka dUsare meM parivartana ho jAne ko vA paraspara badala jAne ko vyatikara kahate haiN|) isa kathana se yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki eka padArtha meM nAmAdika nikSepoM kA abhAva siddha karane ke lie diye gae virodha, saMkara Adi hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa haiN| - jisa svabhAva se nAma nikSepa hai usI svarUpa se sthApanA, dravya nikSepa Adi eka kAla meM aura eka padArtha meM nahIM hai kyoMki inameM paraspara virodha hai, aisA kathana ucita nahIM hai kyoMki hamane usa prakAra svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai arthAt jisa dharma yA svabhAva se nAma nikSepa hai usI dharma yA svabhAva se sthApanA Adi nikSepa nahIM svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| bhinna-bhinna apekSA se nAma Adika yugapat eka artha meM pAye jAte haiN| eka padArtha meM nAma AdikoM ke sAtha rahane kA virodha hai aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki bahiraMga aura antaraMga arthoM meM sarvathA ekapane kI asiddhi hai arthAt jJAna, AtmA, sukhAdi padArtha tathA ghaTa agni Adi bahiraMga padArtha aneka svabhAva vAle haiM ata: bhinna-bhinna svabhAvoM se eka artha meM nAmAdika sabhI nikSepa raha jAte haiM // 83 // bahiraMga athavA aMtaraMga sampUrNa padArthoM kA hama sarvathA eka hI svabhAva se anubhava nahIM kara rahe haiN| apitu eka aura aneka svabhAva se yukta sampUrNa padArthoM kI pratIti hotI hai| isa pratIti ke bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| isa eka aura aneka svabhAva vAle padArtha meM jisa svabhAva se nAma nikSepa kA vyavahAra hotA hai usI svabhAva se sthApanAdi nikSepoM kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki nAma sthApanA Adi cAroM nikSepoM meM pratyeka nikSepa meM pratiniyata bhinna-bhinna svabhAva ke kAraNatva kI anubhUti (pratIti) hotI hai ataH isameM virodha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai arthAt nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki nAma nikSepa svabhAva kI yogyatA bhinna hai aura sthApanAdi kI yogyatA kA svabhAva bhinna hai| eka vastu meM pRthak-pRthak svabhAva svIkAra kiye binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii|
Page #165
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 152 prathamadvitIyapakSayo sau virodhaka ityAha;nAmAderavibhinnazcedvirodho na virodhakaH / nAmAdyAtmavadanyazcetkaH kasyAstu virodhakaH // 84 // na tAvadAtmabhUto virodho nAmAdInAM virodhakaH syAdAtmabhUtatvAnnAmAdisvAtmavat viparyayo vA / nApyanAtmabhUto'nAtmabhUtatvAdvirodhakotiravat viparyayo vA // bhinnAbhinno virodhazcetkiM na nAmAdayastathA / kutazcittadvataH saMti kathaMcidbhidabhiddhRtaH // 85 // virodho virodhibhyaH kathaMcidbhinno'bhinnazcAviruddho na punarnAmAdayastadvatoditi bruvANo na prekSA vaan|| athavA-nAma, sthApanAdi meM jo paraspara virodha karate ho vaha virodha nAmAdika se bhinna hai ki abhinna hai yA ubhayarUpa hai ? inameM prathama aura dvitIya pakSa to virodhaka nahIM hai usI ko jainAcArya kahate haiM yadi virodha nAmAdi se abhinna hai to vaha virodha virodhaka nahIM hai| jaise nAma, sthApanA Adi apane svarUpa ke virodhaka nahIM haiN| kyoMki yadi nija svarUpa hI nija svarUpa kA virodha karegA to vastu kA nAza hI ho jaayegaa| yadi virodha padArtha se hai to kauna kisakA virodhaka hogA? arthAt aneka bhinna padArtha paraspara virodha karane lageMge to koI bhI kisI kA virodhaka ho jaayegaa||84|| jIvAdi padArthoM meM aura nAmAdi nikSepoM meM abheda pakSa grahaNa karane para pratiyogI aura anuyogI padArthoM meM nAmAdika nikSepoM kA AtmasvarUpa virodha to virodhaka nahIM hogaa| kyoMki tadAtmaka svarUpa virodha to padArthoM kA Atma svarUpa hai jaise nAma sthApanAdi kA svasvarUpa nAmAdika se virodha nahIM karatA hai| athavA viparIta hoMge arthAt nAma nikSepa Adi se abhinna virodha nAma kA virodhaka hogA to nAmAdika svayaM AkAza ke phUla ke samAna asat ho jAyeMge tathA dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra nAmAdika nikSepoM kA anAtma-bhUta (pRthak) virodha bhI virodhaka nahIM hai kyoMki vaha sarvathA nAmAdika se pRthakbhUta hai jaise sarvathA pRthak ghaTa Adika paTa ke virodhaka nahIM haiN| athavA viparIta avasthA hogI arthAt yadi sarvathA bhinna bhI virodha virodhaka hogA to koI bhI padArtha kisI kA bhI virodhaka ho jaayegaa| yadi virodha ke AdhArabhUta anuyogI pratiyogI rUpa virodhiyoM se virodha padArtha kathaMcit bhinnAbhinna hai taba to usI prakAra kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinnatva ke dhAraka nAmAdi nikSepoM se viziSTa padArtha nAma, sthApanAdi se kathaMcit bhinnAbhinna siddha ho jAte haiM arthAt jisa prakAra virodhI padArtha meM virodha kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna hokara sthita hai usI prakAra nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ye cAroM nikSepa eka sAtha eka padArtha meM kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna hokara rahate haiM isameM koI virodha nahIM hai||85|| tRtIya pakSa ke anusAra virodhiyoM se virodha kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna hokara padArthoM meM aviruddha hai (rahatA hai)| kintu nAma, sthApanA Adi se yukta padArthoM meM nAma sthApanA Adi nikSepa kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna nahIM rahate haiM, aisA kahane vAlA buddhimAna nahIM hai|
Page #166
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *153 ekasya bhAvato'kSINakAraNasya ydudbhve| kSayo virodhakastasya sortho yadyabhidhIyate // 86 // tadA nAmAdayo na syuH parasparavirodhakAH / sakRtsaMbhavinortheSu jIvAdiSu vinizcitAH // 87 // na virodho nAma kazcidartho yena virodhibhyo bhinnaH syAt kevalamakSINakAraNasya saMtAnena pravartamAnasya zItAdeH kSayo yasyodbhave pAvakAdeH sa eva tasya virodhkH| kSayaH punaH pradhvaMsAbhAvalakSaNaH kAryAMtarotpAda evetyabhinno virodhibhyAM bhinna iva kutazcidvyavahriyata iti yaducyate tadApi nAmAdaya: kvacidekatra parasparavirodhino na syuH sakRtsaMbhavitvena vinizcitatvAt / na hi dravyasya prabaMdhena vartamAnasya nAmasthApanAbhAvAnAmanyatamasyApi tatrodbhave kSayonubhUyate nAmno vA sthApanAyA bhAvasya vA tathA vartamAnasya taditarapravRttau yena virodho gamyeta / ___ akSINa paripUrNa kAraNa vAle eka padArtha ke astitva kA jisake udaya hone para kSaya ho jAtA hai vaha artha usakA virodhaka kahA jAtA hai| yadi yaha virodha kA siddhAntIya lakSaNa hai taba to jIvAdi padArthoM kA eka sAtha rahane se nizcita nAmAdika paraspara virodhaka nahIM ho sakate arthAt jaise andhakAra aura prakAza donoM eka sAtha nahIM rahate haiM ata: inameM sahAnavasthAna nAmaka virodha hai parantu nAma, sthApanA Adi to eka sAtha pAye jAte haiM ataH inameM sahAnavasthA nAmaka virodha nahIM hai|86-87|| vaizeSika matAnusAra virodha nAmaka koI svataMtra padArtha hI nahIM hai jisase vaha virodhiyoM se bhinna ho ske| apitu kevala santAna rUpa se pravartamAna akSINakAraNa vAle zItAdi kA agni Adi ke utpanna (prakaTa) ho jAne para kSaya ho jAnA hI agni Adi ko zItAdika kA virodhaka mAnA gayA hai| agni ke sadbhAva meM zIta kA kSaya honA hI virodha hai| yaha kSaya koI svataMtra padArtha nahIM hai kintu vaha kSaya punaH pradhvaMsAbhAva lakSaNa eka paryAya rUpa kAryAntara kA utpAda hI hai arthAt dUsare kArya kA utpAda ho jAnA hI pUrva paryAya kA dhvaMsa hai| AtmA meM sthita karmoM kA nAza ho jAnA hI mokSa hai| upAdAna kAraNa kA kSaya hI kArya kA utpAda honA hai| isalie virodhiyoM se abhinna bhI virodha kisI kAraNavaza bhinna rUpa se vyavahAra meM kahA jAtA hai| jaise zIta-uSNa kA virodha hai parantu isa prakAra nAma, sthApanA Adi meM paraspara virodha nahIM hai kyoMki nAma Adi eka padArtha meM eka sAtha rahate haiM, yaha sunizcita hai| __pravAha rUpa se pravartamAna dravya ke nAma, sthApanA aura bhAvoM meM se kisI eka ke prakaTa hone para usa dravya ke kSaya kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai arthAt nAmAdi nikSepa ke pragaTa hone para trikAla dhruva dravya kA nAza nahIM hotA hai| athavA nAma yA sthApanA vA bhAva meM se kisI eka ke prakaTa hone para jisase eka kA nAza rUpa virodha jAnA jAtA ho, aisA bhI nahIM hai parantu nAmAdi kisI eka ke pragaTa hone para eka kA abhAva dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra eka ke hone para eka ke vinAza kA anubhava nahIM hone para bhI una nAmAdi nikSepoM meM paraspara virodha kI kalpanA kara lene para to koI bhI padArtha kisI bhI padArtha se aviruddha nahIM hogaa| bauddhoM ke matAnusAra virodha sarvathA kalpita bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki sarvatra virodha sattva Adi ke samAna vastu ke dharma svarUpa se nirNIta hai arthAt jaise sattva, kSaNikatva Adi vastu ke dharma haiM usI prakAra virodha bhI vastu kA dharma hai|
Page #167
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *154 tathAnubhavAbhAvepi tadvirodhakalpanAyAM na kiMcitkenacidaviruddhaM siddhyet / na ca kalpita eva virodhaH sarvatra tasya vastudharmatvenAdhyavasIyamAnatvAt sattvAdivat / sattvAdayopi sattvenAdhyavasIyamAnAH kalpitA evetyayuktaM tttvtorthsyaasttvaadiprsNgaat| sakaladharmanairAtmyopagamAdadoSoyamiti cet kathamevaM dharmI tAttvikaH / sopi kalpita eveti cet , kiM punarakalpitaM ? spaSTamavabhAsamAnaM svalakSaNamiti cet naikaveMdrau dvitvasya baadhittvprsNgaat| yadi punarabAdhitaspaSTasaMvedana vedyatvAtsvalakSaNaM paramArthasat naikaveMdrau dvitvAdibAdhitatvAditi manyase tadA kathamabAdhitavikalpAdhyavasIyamAnasya dharmasya dharmiNo vA paramArthasattvaM nirAkuruSe / vikalpAdhyavasitasya sarvasyAbAdhitatvAsaMbhavAnna vastusattvamiti cet , kutastasya tadasaMbhavanizcayaH / vivAdApanno dharmAdirnAbAdhito sattva Adi dharma vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA kalpita haiM, vAstavika nahIM haiM aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para paramArtha rUpa se padArthoM ke asattvAdi kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt padArtha sat aura kSaNika vAstava meM nahIM rheNge| yadi vAstava meM tattvoM ko sarva dharmoM se rahita svIkAra karane para koI doSa nahIM AtA hai to aisA bauddhoM ke kahane para dharmI tAttvika kaise rheNge| yadi dharmI bhI kalpita haiM aisA mAnA jAyegA to punaH akalpita kyA rahegA arthAt kucha bhI akalpita nahIM rhegaa| spaSTa avabhAsamAna svalakSaNa hI akalpita (vAstavika) hai aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki jisakA spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha vAstavika hai aisA niyama karane para to eka candramA meM spaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita do candramA ke spaSTa pratibhAsa bhI akalpita (vAstavika) hogA arthAt dRSTi meM koI doSa ho jAne para do candramA dRSTigocara hote haiM to unake bhI vAstavika ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| svapna meM bhI padArthoM kA spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai parantu ve vAstavika nahIM haiN| eka candramA meM do candramA ke dRSTigocara hone meM bAdhitatva kA prasaMga AtA hai| yadi punaH bAdhArahita spaSTa saMvedana ke dvArA vedyatva hone se svalakSaNa paramArtha sat (mukhya sat) hai kintu eka candramA meM do candramA kA dRSTigocara honA pramANoM ke dvArA bAdhita hone se paramArtha sat nahIM hai aisA mAnate ho to svalakSaNa ke samAna abAdhita vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA nirNIta dharma aura dharmI ke paramArtha sattva kA nirAkaraNa kaise kiyA jAyegA arthAt vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye dharma dharmI bhI vAstavika ho jaayeNge| vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA nirNIta sampUrNa dharma dharmI Adi padArthoM ke abAdhitapanA asaMbhava hone se vastu sattva vAstavika nahIM hai| aisA kahane para to hama pUchate haiM ki una dharma dharmI ke abAdhitatva kI asaMbhavatA kA nizcaya kisa pramANa se hotA hai ? ___ bauddha anumAna ke dvArA dharma dharmI ko bAdhAsahita siddha karate hai, vivAdApanna dharma aura dharmI abAdhita nahIM hai, vikalpa jJAna se nizcita hone ke kAraNa; jaise mana meM rAjya prApta kara lenA vA svapna meM
Page #168
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 155 vikalpAdhyavasitatvAt manorAjyAdivadityanumAnAditi cet, sa ta bAdhitatvAbhAvastasyAnumAnavikalpenAdhyavasitaH paramArthasannaparamArthasan vA ? prathamapakSe tenaiva hetorvyabhicAraH, pakSAMtare tattvatastasyAbAdhitatvaM abAdhitatvAbhAvasyAbhAve tadabAdhitatvavidhAnAt / na cAvicArasiddhayodharmidharmayorabAdhitatvAbhAvaH pramANasiddhamabAdhitatvaM viruNaddhi saMvRttisiddhena paramArthasiddhasya bAdhanAniSTeH / tadiSTau vA sveSTasiddharayogAt / kathaM vikalpAdhyavasitasyAbAdhitatvaM pramANasiddhamiti cet , dRSTasya kathaM ? dhana prApta kara lenA Adi kalpanAoM se jJeya hone ke kAraNa vAstavika nahIM haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yadi anumAna se bauddha dharma aura dharmI ke vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA jJeya hone se abAdhita ke abhAva ko siddha kareMge to vaha abAdhita kA abhAva anumAna rUpa vikalpa jJAna se nirNIta kiyA gayA hai vaha paramArthasat hai ki aparamArtha sat hai prathama pakSa arthAt anumAna vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA nirNIta abAdhita abhAva paramArtha sat hai taba to abAdhita abhAva padArtha se hetu vyabhicarita hotA hai arthAt abAdhita abhAva meM vikalpa jJAna se nirNIta kiyA gayA hetu abAdhita abhAvarUpa sAdhya meM nahIM rahA kyoMki bauddhoM ne isako abAdhita (vAstavika) nahIM mAnA hai| ___ dvitIya pakSa arthAt abAdhitAbhAva padArtha vAstavika nahIM hai, aisA mAnane para vAstavika rUpa se usake abAdhitapanA A jAtA hai arthAt abAdhitAbhAva jaba vAstavika nahIM hai to dharma, dharmI Adi meM abAdhitaphnA vAstavika hai| abAdhita pana ke abhAva kA abhAva ho jAne para usake abAdhita kA vidhAna ho jAtA hai| kiMca bauddhoM dvArA binA vicAre siddha kiye gaye dharma dharmI kA abAdhitAbhAva dharma dharmI ke pramANa dvArA sAdhe gaye abAdhitatva kA virodha nahIM kara sktaa| (jaise miTTI se nirmita kAlpanika garur3a vastubhUta sarpa ko bAdhA nahIM pahuMcA sakatA hai vaise kalpita anumAna se siddha kiyA gayA abAdhitAbhAva pramANa siddha abAdhitatva kA virodha nahIM kara sktaa|) ata: kalpanArUpa vyavahAra dvArA siddha kiye gaye padArtha se paramArtha rUpa pramANa se siddha padArtha kA bAdhita ho jAnA iSTa nahIM kiyA hai| yadi kalpita padArthoM se vAstavika padArthoM kA bAdhita honA svIkAra kiyA jAyegA to sva iSTa siddhi kA ayoga hogA arthAt sva iSTa siddhi nahIM ho skegii| zaMkA : vikalpa se nirNIta kiyA gayA dharma-dharmI kA abAdhitapanA pramANoM se siddha hai, yaha kaise jAnA jAtA hai| uttara : jaina kahate haiM nirvikalpa pratyakSa rUpa darzana se jJAta svalakSaNa rUpa dRSTa kA abAdhita panA bauddha kaise jAnate haiM yadi kaho ki dRzya kA abAdhitapanA bAdhaka pramANa ke na hone se jAna liyA jAtA hai to jaina dharma meM bhI bAdhaka kA abhAva hone se vikalpa jJAna se nirNIta kiye gaye dUsare vikalpa kA bhI abAdhitapanA jAna liyA jAtA hai|
Page #169
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 156 bAdhakAbhAvAditi cet tata evAnyasyApi / na hi dRSTasyaiva sarvatra sarvadA sarvasya sarvathA bAdhakAbhAvo nizcetuM zakyo na punaradhyavasitasyeti bruvANaH svasthaH pratItyapalApAt / tato virodhaH kvacittAttvika evAbAdhitapratyayaviSayatvAdiSTo vastusvabhAvavaditi virodhibhyAM bhinnasiddheH / sa bhinna eva sarvathetyayuktamuktottaratvAt / tAbhyAM bhinnasya tasya virodhakatve sarvaH sarvasya virodhakaH syAditi / nanu cArthAMtarabhUtopi virodhinorvirodhako virodha: tadvizeSaNatve sati virodhapratyayaviSayatvAt , yastu na tayorvirodhaka: sana tathA yathAparorthaH tato na sarvaH sarvasya virodhaka iti cenna; tasya tadvizeSaNatvAnupapatteH / virodho hi bhAva: sa ca tucchasvabhAvo yadi zItoSNadravyayorvizeSaNaM tadA sakRttayoradarzanApattiH / atha zItadravyasyaiva vizeSaNaM tadA tadeva virodhi syAnnoSNadravyaM / tathA ca na dviSThosau ekatrAvasthiteH / na caikatra virodha: sarvadA tatprasaMgAt ___nirvikalpa pratyakSa ke dvArA dRSTa padArthoM ke sarvatra aura sarvakAla meM saba jIvoM ke sarvathA bAdhakoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya karanA zakya hai parantu adhyavasAya rUpa jJAna se jJAta vikalpya kA bAdhaka abhAva nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aisA kahane vAlA bauddha pratIti meM Ane vAle padArtha kA lopa karane vAlA hone se svastha kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt aisA kahane vAlA mUrkha hai ataH kvacit viziSTa padArthoM meM virodha vAstavika hai| kyoMki vaha virodha nirbAdha jJAna ke viSayatva se iSTa hai| jaise vastu kA svabhAva paramArtha bhUta hai (arthAt jaise pAcakatva dAhakatva uSNatva Adi agni ke svabhAva vAstavika haiM vaise virodha bhI vAstavika haiM) ataH anuyogI aura pratiyogI virodhI padArtha se virodha kathaMcit bhinna siddha hai kyoMki pariNAmI se pariNAma kathaMcit bhinna hai, kathaMcit abhinna hai| virodha sarvathA bhinna hI hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai isakA uttara pUrva meM diyA gayA hai| yadi pratiyogI aura anuyogI padArtha se sarvathA bhinna sthita virodha-nirodhaka hogA to sabake sabhI virodhI ho jaayeNge| zaMkA : sarvathA arthAntarabhUta (bhinna) virodha pratiyogI aura anuyogI virodhiyoM kA virodhaka hai kyoMki vaha virodha virodhiyoM ke vizeSaNa rUpa se virodha jJAna kA viSaya hai| jo padArtha una virodhiyoM kA virodhaka nahIM hai vaha virodhiyoM ke vizeSaNa rUpa se virodha jJAna kA viSaya bhI nahIM hai| jaise bhinna par3A huA dUsarA padArtha virodha jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai ataH sarva padArtha sarva ke virodhaka nahIM haiN| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki virodhaka virodhiyoM kA vizeSaNa nahIM bana sktaa| vaizeSikoM ne bhAva abhAva ke bheda se padArtha do prakAra ke mAne haiN| usameM abhAva tucchasvarUpa hai aura bhAva atuccha svabhAva hai| jo AdhAratA, kAryatA Adi svabhAva se rahita hai vaha tuccha hai aura AdhAratA Adi svabhAva sahita haiM vaha atuccha hai| virodha bhAva hai to vaha atuccha svabhAva haiN| aisA virodha yadi zIta aura uSNa dravya rUpa virodhiyoM kA vizeSaNa mAnA jAtA hai taba to donoM kA eka samaya meM nahIM dikhane kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt donoM meM rahane vAlA kAryakArI virodha to yugapat donoM kA nAza kara degaa| yadi vaha virodha svataMtra padArtha zIta dravya kA vizeSaNa hogA to vaha zIta dravya kA hI virodhI hogAuSNa dravya zIta dravya donoM kA virodhI nahIM ho sktaa| tathA aisA hone para eka meM sthita rahane ke kAraNa vaha virodha padArtha do meM rahane vAlA nahIM ho sakatA aura eka meM rahane vAlA virodha nahIM ho sktaa| anyatha
Page #170
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 157 / etenoSNadravyasyaiva virodho vizeSaNaM ityapi nirastaM / yadi punaH karmasthakriyApekSayA viruddhamAnatvaM virodhaH sa zItadravyasya vizeSaNaM, kartRsthakriyApekSayA virodhaH sa uSNadravyasya / virodhasAmAnyApekSayA virodhasyobhayavizeSaNatvopapatterdviSThatvaM tadA rUpAderapi dviSThatvaniyamApattistatsAmAnyasya dviSThatvAt , rUpAderguNavizeSaNAt tatsAmAnyasya padArthAMtaratvAta na tadanekasthatve tasyAnekasthatvamiti cet tarhi karmakartRsthAdvirodhavizeSAt padArthAMtarasya / virodhasAmAnyasya dviSThatve kutastadviSThatvaM yena dvayorvizeSaNaM virodhaH / etena guNayoH karmaNordravyaguNayoH guNakarmaNoH dravyakarmaNorvA virodho vizeSaNaM ityapAstaM, virodhasya saba kA sarvakAla virodha hote rahane kA prasaMga aayegaa| (vastutaH pRthaktva, virodha, vibhAga, dvitva, saMyoga Adika bhAva do Adi padArthoM meM rahate hue mAne gaye haiM, akele meM nhiiN|) isa kathana se vaha virodha uSNa dravya kA hI vizeSaNa hai isakA bhI khaNDana kara diyA hai aisA samajhanA caahie| vaizeSika kahatA hai- . yadi punaH karmastha kriyA kI apekSA (sakarmaka dhAtu kI apekSA) virodha do meM rahatA hai arthAt sakarmaka dhAtu kI kriyA kartA aura karma donoM meM rahatI hai; jaise mAtA dAla pakAtI hai yahA~ pac dhAtu kA vAcyArtha pacana kriyA mAtA meM bhI rahatI hai aura dAla meM bhI rahatI hai| mAtA meM kartA kI apekSA se hai aura dAla meM karma kI apekSA se parcana kriyA rahatI hai| usI prakAra zIta dravya kA uSNa dravya virodha karatA hai yaha karma meM sthita kriyA kI apekSA virodha hai aura zIta dravya kA viruddhyamAnatva virodha hai, vaha zIta dravya rUpa karma kA vizeSaNa hai aura kartA meM sthita kriyA kI apekSA se virodha karane vAle uSNa dravya kA virodhakatva rUpa virodha hai vaha uSNa dravya kA vizeSaNa hai tathA virodha sAmAnya kI apekSA vaha virodha zIta dravya aura uSNadravya ina donoM kA vizeSaNa hai ata: virodha dviSThatva hai arthAt virodha donoM meM rahatA hai, yaha siddha hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM yadi isa prakAra virodha donoM meM rahatA hai taba to rUpa rasa Adi ke bhI do meM rahane ke niyama kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki rUpa Adika meM bhI sAmAnya kI apekSA dviSThatva (do meM rahanA) siddha hai arthAt vyakti rUpa guNa kI apekSA rUpAdi eka meM rahate haiM aura rUpa sAmAnya kI apekSA aneka meM rahate haiM ata: rUpAdi eka aura aneka kA vizeSaNa ho jAte haiM kyoMki rUpAdi se rUpAdi sAmAnya pRthak nahIM hai| vaizeSika kahatA hai- rUpa, rasAdi guNa vizeSa haiM aura unameM rahane vAlA rUpatva, rasatva, sAmAnya rUpa jAti guNa padArtha se bhinna sAmAnya padArtha hai isalie guNa vizeSa se bhinna sAmAnya padArtha ke aneka meM sthita hone para bhI vizeSa rUpAdi guNoM ke aneka meM rahane kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| vaizeSika ke isa kathana ke pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para to virodha bhI do meM rahane vAlA nahIM ho sakatA hai| karma meM aura kartA meM sthita vyakti svarUpa virodha vizeSa se padArthAntara (bhinna padArtha) svarUpa virodha sAmAnya ke dviSTha (do meM) rahanA kaise siddha ho sakatA hai, jisase virodha bhAva do kA vizeSaNa ho sake arthAt virodhatva do meM raha sakatA hai parantu rUpa rasa Adi ke samAna virodha do kA vizeSaNa nahIM ho sktaa|
Page #171
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 158 guNatve guNAdAvasaMbhavAcca / tasyAbhAvarUpatve kathaM sAmAnyavizeSabhAvo yenAnekavirodhivizeSaNabhUtavirodhavizeSamavyApi virodhasAmAnyamupeyate / yadi punaH SaTpadArthavyatirekatvAt padArthazeSo virodho'nekasthaH, sa ca virodhyavirodhakabhAvapratyayavizeSasiddheH samAzrIyate tadA tasya kuto dravyavizeSaNatvaM ? na tAvatsaMyogAt puruSe daMDavattasyAdravyatvena saMyogAnAzrayatvAt, nApi samavAyAdgavi viSANavattasya dravyaguNakarmasAmAnyavizeSavyatiriktatvenAsamavAyitvAt / na ca saMyogasamavAyAbhyAmasaMbaMdhasya isa kathana se zIta aura sparza do guNoM meM rahane vAlA virodha donoM kA vizeSaNa hai| utkSepaNa, avakSepaNa yA AkuMcana, prasAraNa Adi kriyAoM meM rahane vAlA virodha una donoM kriyAoM kA vizeSaNa hai| Atma dravya rUpa guNa hai, pudgala dravya aura jJAna guNa Adi dravya aura guNoM meM hone vAlA dravya guNa kA virodha dravya guNa kA vizeSaNa hai| gamana, utkSepaNa Adi karma(kriyA) aura jJAnAdi guNa ina virodhI guNa karma kA virodha vizeSaNa hai| AkAzAdi dravya aura bhramaNa Adi kriyA rUpa dravya karma kA virodha vizeSaNa hai| isa prakAra vaizeSika dvArA kathita virodha vizeSaNa kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai arthAt vaizeSika darzana meM sAmAnya padArtha se atirikta anya koI padArtha svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jo do guNa, do karma, guNa karma, guNa dravya, dravya karma rUpa do meM raha ske| guNa to dravya meM hI rahate haiM ata: do guNoM meM yA do karmoM meM koI virodha svarUpa guNa nahIM raha sakate haiN| virodha ko guNa mAna lene para guNa Adi meM virodha ke rahane kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt. guNoM meM guNa nahIM raha sakate haiN| yahA~ taka bhAvasvarUpa virodha kA kathana kiyA hai| yadi virodha ko abhAvarUpatva svIkAra karate haiM to vaha virodha sAmAnya vizeSa rUpa kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisase aneka anuyogI pratiyogI rUpa virodhiyoM kA vizeSaNa hokara vyakti rUpa aneka virodha vizeSoM meM vyApaka virodha sAmAnya svIkAra kiyA jAye arthAt bhAvasvarUpa padArtha meM sAmAnyatva, vizeSatva hotA hai, abhAvarUpa padArtha meM nhiiN| yadi jIva pudgala dharma adharma AkAza aura kAla ina chaha dravyoM se atirikta avacchedaka, avacchinnatvAdi zeSa padArthoM se zeSa rahA padArtha virodha hai jo aneka padArthoM meM rahatA hai to vaha padArtha zeSa virodha virodhya, virodhaka bhAva ke jJAna vizeSa se siddha ho jAne ke kAraNa Azraya kara liyA jAtA hai| aisA vaizeSika ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to usa virodha ko dravya kA vizeSaNa kaise kahA jAyegA? prathama to puruSa meM daNDa ke samAna saMyoga saMbaMdha se vaha virodha apane vizeSyabhUta dravya kA vizeSaNa ho nahIM sakatA kyoMki saMyoga do dravyoM meM hotA hai parantu virodha adravya hai ata: adravya hone se saMyoga kA Azraya nahIM ho sakatA hai ata: virodha saMyoga saMbaMdha se dravya meM nahIM raha sakatA hai| ___gAya meM sIMga ke samAna dravya meM virodha ko samavAya saMbaMdha se dravya kA vizeSaNa mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina se atirikta koI bhI padArtha samavAyI nahIM hai arthAt samavAya saMbaMdha dravya, guNa karma, sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM rahatA hai aura kisI meM nahIM rahatA hai ata: asamavAyI hone se virodha samavAya saMbaMdha se dravya kA vizeSaNa nahIM ho sktaa| .
Page #172
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 159 virodhasya kvacidvizeSaNatA yuktA, sarvasya sarvavizeSaNAnuSaMgAt / samavAyavatsamavAyiSu saMyogasamavAyAsattvepi tasya vizeSaNateti cenna, tasyApi tathA sAdhyatvAt na cAbhAvavadbhAveSu tasya vizeSaNatA tasyApi tathA siddhyabhAvAt / na hyasiddhamasiddhasyodAharaNaM, atiprasaMgAt / nanu ca virodhinAvetau samavAyinAvimau nAstIha ghaTa iti viziSTapratyayaH kathaM vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvamaMtareNa syAt / daMDIti pratyayavadbhavati cAyamabAdhitavapurna ___samavAya aura saMyoga saMbaMdha se sambandha ko prApta nahIM hone vAle virodha ko kisI bhI dravya kA vizeSaNa kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki saMbaMdha ko prApta nahIM hue bhI padArtha yadi vizeSaNa ho jAyeMge taba to saba ko sabhI kA vizeSaNa hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| jJAna acetana pudgala kA aura rUpAdi acetana cetana AtmA ke vizeSaNa ho jaayeNge| dravya, guNa, karma, samavAya aura saMyoga ina pA~ca bhAvoM se atirikta samavAya nAmaka padArtha jaise saMyoga yA samavAya saMbaMdha se saMbaMdhita (yukta) nahIM hotA huA bhI dravya Adi pA~ca samavAyiyoM meM vizeSaNa ho jAtA hai vaise hI virodha samavAya aura saMyoga saMbaMdha ke binA bhI dravya guNa karma Adi kA vizeSaNa ho jAtA hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki samavAya nAmaka padArtha ke bhI samavAya yA saMyoga saMbaMdha ke binA dravya Adi kA vizeSaNa ho jAnA (vA guNa samavAya, dravya samavAya Adi niSpanna ho jAnA) sAdhya hai, siddha nahIM hai| dRSTAMta siddha padArtha kA hotA hai sAdhya kA nahIM hotA hai jo svayaM andhA hai vaha dUsare kA mArgadarzaka nahIM ho sktaa| samavAya bhI dravya hai vaha guNa karma Adi kA vizeSaNa samavAya yA saMyoga saMbaMdha se hI hogA anyathA nahIM ataH samavAya padArtha binA kisI saMbaMdha se dravya guNa Adi meM kaise raha sakatA hai ? __ jaise saMyoga aura samavAya saMbaMdha ke binA bhI abhAva bhAva padArthoM meM vizeSaNa ho jAtA hai usI prakAra saMyoga aura samavAya saMbaMdha ke binA bhI virodha virodhiyoM kA vizeSaNa ho jAtA hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki kisI saMbaMdha ke binA abhAva bhAva rUpa padArthoM kA vizeSaNa ho jAtA hai isakI siddhi kA abhAva hai / asiddha asiddha kA dRSTAnta nahIM ho sktaa| (laMgar3A hAthI laMgar3e savAra ko ghara nahIM pahu~cA sktaa|) arthAt jo svayaM asiddha hai vaha dUsare ko siddha kaise kara sakatA hai| anyathA (yadi svayaM asiddha padArtha asiddha kI siddhi karegA to) ati prasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt kisI bhI asiddha padArtha kI, kisI bhI asiddha padArtha se siddhi ho jAyegI ataH samavAya aura abhAva kA dRSTAnta dekara vaizeSika virodha ko virodhiyoM kA vizeSaNa siddha nahIM kara skte| - zaMkA : cetana acetana, andhakAra prakAza, ye paraspara virodhI haiN| AtmA aura jJAna, pudgala aura rUpa ye paraspara samavAyI haiM, ye virodhI haiM, ye samavAyI haiM, isa sthAna para ghaTa nahIM hai ityAdi viziSTa jJAna vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva ke binA kaise ho sakatA hai| jaise daNDa vAlA puruSa hai yaha jJAna kisI saMyoga sambandha ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| ukta jJAnoM kA yaha pUrNa zarIra abAdhita hai arthAt anumAna siddha hai jaise jo viziSTa jJAna hotA hai vaha vizeSaNa, vizeSya aura sabaMdha ina tInoM ko viSaya karatA hai, jaise 'daNDI' yaha viziSTa,
Page #173
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 160 ca dravyAdiSaTpadArthAnAmanyatamanimitto'yaM tadanurUpatvAt pratIteH, nApyanimittaH kadAcitkvacidbhAvAt / tatosyApareNa hetunA bhavitavyaM sato vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvaH saMbaMdhazeSaH padArthazeSeSvavinAbhAvavaditi samavAyavadabhAvavadvA virodhasya kvacidvizeSaNatvasiddhau tasyApi vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvasya svAzrayavizeSAzrayiNaH kutastadvizeSaNatvaM / parasmAdvizeSaNavizeSyabhAvAditicet tasyApi svavizeSyavizeSaNatvaM / parasmAdityanavasthAdapratipattivizeSyasya vizeSaNapratipattimaMtareNa tadaniSTeH, nAgRhItavizeSaNA vizeSye buddhiriti vacanAt / sudUramapi gatvA vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvasyAparavizeSaNavizeSyabhAvAbhAvepi svAzrayavizeSaNatvopagame jJAna daNDarUpa vizeSaNa, puruSa rUpa vizeSya aura saMyoga rUpa saMbaMdha ina tInoM ko viSaya karatA hai| ghaTa' yaha jJAna bhI ghaTa ghaTatva aura samavAya ina tInoM ko jAnatA hai vaise hI virodhI, samavAyI, abhAvavAna ye jJAna bhI vizeSaNa aura vizeSya se atirikta kisI madhyavartI saMbaMdha ke binA nahIM ho sakate haiN| ina virodhI samavAyI abhAvavAna jJAnoM kA dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa aura samavAya ina chaha bhAva padArthoM meM se anyatama koI eka nimitta kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki una dravya AdikoM ke anusAra hone vAle jJAnoM kI sarUpatA ina jJAnoM meM pratIta nahIM hotI hai arthAt dravya guNa Adika ko kAraNa mAnakara hone vAle jJAnoM se virodhI, samavAyI, abhAvavAna jJAna vilakSaNa haiN| tathA virodhI samavAyI Adi jJAna kadAcit kvacita hote haiM ata: unako animittaka bhI nahIM kaha sakate arthAt kArya meM deza kAla Adi kI niyatatA binA nimitta nahIM ho sktaa| isalie ukta viziSTa jJAna kA dravya, guNa, samavAya Adi se bhinna koI hetu honA caahie| ata: inakA (virodhI aura virodha kA) saMyoga, saMyukta samavAya, saMyukta samaveta samavAya, samavAya aura samaveta samavAya ina pA~ca saMbaMdhoM se pRthakbhUta vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva saMbaMdha mAnA jAtA hai| yaha saMbaMdha jIvAdi sAta padArthoM se atirikta zeSa bace dharma svarUpa anya padArthoM meM ginA jAtA hai| jaise hetu aura sAdhya kA avinAbhAva saMbaMdha sapta padArthoM se bhinna hai isa prakAra samavAya athavA abhAva ke samAna virodha bhI kisI kA vizeSaNa ho sakatA hai, yaha siddha hotA hai isalie vaizeSika darzana meM vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva siddha hai| uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki virodhiyoM meM virodha ke vizeSya bhAva saMbaMdha mAna lene para vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva saMbaMdha do padArthoM meM rahane vAlA dharma hai vaha apane Azraya vizeSa meM rahane vAlA AzrayI (Adheya) meM kisa saMbaMdha se sthita hokara usakA vizeSaNa banegA? vaha vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva saMbaMdha dUsare vizeSaNa vizeSyabhAva se saMbaMdha ko prApta hotA hai, aisA kahoge to usake bhI sva vizeSaNa vizeSya sambandha dUsarA vizeSaNa vizeSya saMbaMdha hogA aura usakA phira tIsare vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva se saMbaMdha hogA ataH anavasthA doSa prApta hone se vizeSaNa vizeSya saMbaMdha kA jJAna nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki vizeSaNa ke jJAna ke binA vizeSya kA jJAna honA iSTa nahIM hai| vaizeSika darzana meM bhI kahA hai ki "vizeSaNa ko grahaNa kiye binA vizeSya ko viSaya karane vAlA jJAna nahIM hotA hai|" isalie bahuta dUra jAkara bhI vizeSya vizeSaNa bhAva kA dUsare vizeSya vizeSaNa bhAva ke binA bhI yadi apane vizeSya vizeSa rUpa vizeSya AzrayoM meM vizeSaNa ho jAnA svIkAra karoge to usI prakAra samavAya, abhAva ora virodha kA bhI vizeSaNapanA usa vizeSya vizeSaNa
Page #174
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 161 samavAyAderapi kva vizeSaNatvaM, tadabhAvepi kiM na syAt ? iti na vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvasiddhiH / tadasiddhau ca na kiMcitkasyacidvizeSaNamiti na virodho virodhivizeSaNatvena siddhyti| virodhapratyayavizeSatvaM tu kevalaM virodhamAtraM sAdhayenna punaranayorvirodha iti tatpratiniyama, tato na virodhibhyotyaMtabhinno virodhobhyupagaMtavyaH / kathaMcidvirodhyAtmakatve tu virodhasya pratiniyamasiddhirna kazcidupAlaMbha iti sUktaM virodhavatsvAzrayAnAmAdInAM bhinnAbhinnatvasAdhanaM / nAmAdibhiyA'so'rthAnAmanarthaka iti cenna, tasya prakRtavyAkaraNArthatvAdaprakRtAvyAkaraNArthatvAcca / bhAvastambhaprakaraNe hi tasyaiva vyAkaraNaM nAmastaMbhAdInAmavyAkaraNaM ca aprakRtAnAM na bhAva saMbaMdha ke binA kyoM nahIM svIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai| arthAt samavAya vA abhAva apane Apa saMbaMdha ko prApta kyoM nahIM ho jAte haiM ataH vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI tathA vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva kI asiddhi ho jAne para koI padArtha kisI kA vizeSaNa nahIM bana sktaa| isalie virodha, virodhI kA vizeSaNa siddha nahIM ho sakatA arthAt virodhI padArthoM kA virodha rUpa padArtha vizeSaNa siddha nahIM ho sakatA ... virodha jJAna kA viSayatva to kevala virodha mAtra ko siddha karatA hai kintu una niyamita zIta, uSNa, prakAza, andhakAra Adi do padArthoM meM hone vAle virodha ke niyama kA kathana nahIM kara sakatA isalie virodhiyoM se atyanta bhinna virodha svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| syAdvAda matAnusAra virodha ko virodhiyoM ke sAtha kathaMcit tadAtmaka svIkAra kara liyA jAye to virodha kA svakIya virodhiyoM ke sAtha pratiniyama bana jAnA siddha ho jAtA hai isameM koI ulAhanA nahIM hai arthAt virodha koI svataMtra padArtha nahIM hai apitu padArtha kA svabhAva hI hai ata: virodha ke samAna nAma sthApanA Adika nikSepa bhI apane-apane Azrita dravya se kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna haiM yaha kathanayukti saMgata hai| nAma sthApanA dravya aura bhAva rUpa nikSepoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA nyAsa karanA niSprayojana hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki prakaraNagata padArtha ke vyutpAdana karane ke lie aura aprakaraNagata padArtha kA nivAraNa karane ke lie nyAsa (nikSepa) kI AvazyakatA hai kyoMki bhAva staMbha ke prakaraNa meM usa pASANa yA kASTha ke staMbha kI hI niyama se vyutpatti (jJAna) karAnA hai aura prakaraNa prApta kArya meM anupayogI nAmastaMbha, citrita kiye sthApanA staMbha, bhaviSya meM hone vAle vRkSa yA zilA rUpa dravya staMbha rUpa aprakRtoM kA bodha nahIM karAnA hai isameM prakRta kA (prakaraNa dravya kA) jJAna aura aprakaraNa kA nivAraNa nAmAdi nikSepa ke binA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki nAmAdi nikSepa ke binA prakaraNa prApta viSaya meM aura aprakaraNa prApta padArthoM meM saMkara-vyatikara vyavahAra kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt mahAvIra aisA kahane para prakaraNa meM nAma mahAvIra se prayojana hai ki sthApanA mahAvIra se yA dravya tathA bhAva rUpa mahAvIra se prayojana hai usakA jJAna nikSepoM ke dvArA hI hotA hai anyathA mahAvIra isa zabda ko sunakara yadvA tadvA pravRtti bhI ho sakatI hai|
Page #175
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 162 nAmAdinikSepAbhAverthasya ghaTate, tatsaMkaravyatikarAbhyAM vyvhaarprsNgaat| nanu bhAvastaMbhasya mukhyatvAdvyAkaraNaM na nAmAdInAM "gauNamukhyayormukhye saMpratyaya' iti vacanAt / naitanniyataM, gopAlakamAnaya kaTajakamAnayetyAdau gauNe saMpratyayasiddheH / na hi tatra yo gAH pAlayati yo vA kaTe jAto mukhyastatra saMpratyayosti / kiM tarhi ? yasyaitannAma kRtaM tatraiva gauNe prtiitiH| kRtrimatvAdgauNe saMpratyayo na mukhye tasyAkRtrimatvAt "kRtrimAkRtrimayoH kRtrime saMpratyaya" iti vacanAt / naitadekAMtikaM pAMsulapAdasya tatraivobhayagatidarzanAt / sa hyaprakaraNajJatvAdubhayaM pratyeti kimahaM yo gAH pAlayati yo vA kaTe jAtastamAnayAmi kiM vA yasyaiSA saMjJA taM ? iti vikalpanAt / prakaraNajJasya kRtrime saMpratyayostIti cet na, tasyAkRtrimepi saMpratyayopapattestathA prakaraNAt / nanu ca zaMkA : paryAya svarUpa bhAva staMbha kI mukhyatA hone se bhAva staMbha kA hI jJAna hotA hai nAma staMbha, sthApanA staMbha Adi kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai kyoMki gauNa aura mukhya kA prakaraNa hone para mukhya ke hI jJAna kA grahaNa hotA hai, aisA vidvAnoM kA kathana hai| samAdhAna : gauNa aura mukhya meM mukhya kA hI jJAna hotA hai yaha paribhASA niyata nahIM hai arthAt pradhAna aura apradhAna meM pradhAna kA hI bodha hotA hai yaha niyama sarva deza kAla meM lAgU nahIM hotA hai| jaise, gopAla ko lAo, kaTaja ko lAo Adi kahane para gauNa (nAma gopAlAdi) padArthoM kA hI jJAna hotA hai| jo gAyoM kA pAlana karatA hai aise bhAvarUpa gopAla ko lAne kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| tathA kaTaja ko bulAo, aisA kahane para gauNa svarUpa kaTaja nAmaka vyakti kA hI jJAna hotA hai, caTAI para utpanna bhAva kaTaja kA bodha nahIM hotA hai| hAthI ke lie rudana karane vAle bAlaka ko kASTha vA miTTI nirmita hAthI lAkara diyA jAtA hai, asalI nhiiN| kRtrima aura akRtrima meM kRtrima kA hI bodha hotA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai ataH kRtrima hone se gauNa meM bodha hotA hai akRtrima hone se mukhya kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai aisA bhI ekAnta niyama nahIM hai arthAt gauNa aura mukhya meM mukhya kA hI jJAna hotA hai tathA kRtrima aura akRtrima meM kRtrima kA hI jJAna hotA hai, yaha niyama sarva deza kAla saMbaMdhI vyaktiyoM meM lAgU nahIM hotA hai kyoMki dhUli se dhUsarita paira vAle ajJAta vyakti meM donoM prakAra ke bodha kI gati dekhI jAtI hai arthAt jisako prakaraNa kA jJAna nahIM hai aise ajJAta vyakti ko kahA gayA ki gopAla ko lAo yA kaTaja ko lAo to use mukhya aura gauNa donoM kA jJAna hotA hai| vaha vicAratA hai ki jo gAyoM kA pAlana karatA hai usa gopAla ko lAnA cAhie yA gopAla yaha jisakA nAma hai usako lAnA caahie| athavA kaTaja zabda ko sunakara caTAI para utpanna hue mukhya kaTaja ko lAtA hU~ yA kaTaja isa nAma vAle ko lAtA huuN| isa prakAra donoM vikalpa hote haiM arthAt pradhAna aura apradhAna donoM padArthoM ko jAnakara usake hRdaya meM kisI eka ko le jAne ke lie vikalpa uTha rahA hai| prakaraNa ke jAnane vAle mAnava ko kRtrima kA hI jJAna hotA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki prakaraNa ko jAnane vAle puruSa ko bhI prakaraNavaza mukhya akRtrima kA jJAna ho sakatA hai| ataH prakaraNa ke anusAra nikSepa vidhi se mukhya vA gauNa kA, akRtrima vA kRtrima kA samIcIna jJAna hotA hai| isalie nikSepavidhAna kAryakArI hai|
Page #176
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 163 jIvazabdAdibhyo bhAvajIvAdiSveva saMpratyayasteSAmarthakriyA-kAritvAditicet na, nAmAdInAmapi svaarthkriyaakaaritvsiddheH| bhAvArthakriyAyAstairakaraNAdanarthakriyAkAritvaM teSAmiti cet , nAmAdyarthakriyAyAstarhi bhAvenAkaraNAttasyAnarthakriyAkAritvamastu / kAMcidapyarthakriyAM na nAmAdayaH kurvaMtItyayuktaM tessaamvstutvprsNgaat| zaMkA : jIva vAcaka jIva zabda, azva zabda Adi, ajIva vAcaka jala dUdha Adi zabda athavA citrAma pratibimba Adi ke dvArA vAstavika bhAva jIvAdi padArthoM meM jJAna hotA hai kyoMki bhAvarUpa padArtha ke hI arthakriyAkAritva hai arthAt vAstavika jalAdi kA pAna karane se pipAsA dUra hotI hai| citrAma sthita nadI ke jala se vA nAma jala se tathA bhaviSya kAla meM jala rUpa pariNata hone vAle paramANu se pipAsA dUra nahIM ho sakatI hai ataH bhAva nikSepa hI mAnanA upayukta hai, anya tIna nikSepoM ko mAnanA vyartha hai| uttaraH aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa meM bhI apanI arthakriyA karane kI siddhi hai| bhAvArtha : jaise bhAva nikSepa meM arthakriyA hotI hai vaise nAma Adi tIna nikSepa se bhI arthakriyA hotI hai| kyoMki AtmA, jala Adi nAmoM se jJAta padArtha apane anurUpa kriyA karate haiN| vyAkaraNa zAstra meM to zabda hI pradhAna hai, agni zabda kI susaMjJA hai, agni ke jJAna kI yA atyuSNa agni padArtha kI susaMjJA nahIM hai| maMtroM meM zabda pradhAna hai artha nahIM hai| prabhu kI vANI sunane meM zabda kRta Ananda hai| marajAya zabda sunakara mana khedakhinna ho jAtA hai, ata: zabda arthakriyA karane vAle haiN| rAjakIya mudrA se aneka kArya hote haiM, jinabimba ke darzana se samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai, ata: sthApanA nikSepa meM bhI arthakriyAkAritva hai| anivRttikaraNa pariNAma bhaviSya meM samyagdarzana utpanna karate haiM ataH dravyanikSepa meM bhI arthakriyAkAritva hai ata: nAma, sthApanA aura dravyanikSepa bhI kAryakArI haiN| vastu ke paryAya svarUpa bhAva se hone vAlI arthakriyA kA karanA una nAmAdika nikSepa ke dvArA nahIM hotA hai ata: nAmAdika arthakriyA ko karane vAle nahIM hone se niSprayojana haiM ; aisA kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki nAmAdika nikSepoM se hone vAlI arthakriyA vAstavika bhAva nikSepa se nahIM hotI hai ataH bhAva nikSepa kA grahaNa niSprayojana hogA arthAt jo kArya nAma sthApanA Adi se hotA hai vaha bhAva se nahIM hotA aura jo bhAva se hotA hai vaha nAmAdi se nahIM hotA hai| . nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa kisI bhI arthakriyA ko nahIM karate haiM, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA kahane para nAmAdi nikSepa meM avastupane kA prasaMga AtA hai| nAmAdi avastu nahIM hai kyoMki bhAva nikSepa ke samAna nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa kI nirbAdha pratIti se vastutva kI siddhi hai| bhAvArtha : nAma nikSepa saMjJA-saMjJeya vyavahAra ko karatA hai| nAma nikSepa ke abhAva meM zAstraparipATI vAcyavAcakapana Adi vyavahAra kA abhAva ho jAtA hai tathA nAma nikSepa ke binA sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva nikSepa bhI nahIM ho sakate haiN|
Page #177
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 164 na caitadupapannaM bhAvavannAmAdInAmabAdhitapratItyA vastutvasiddheH / etena nAmaiva vAstavaM na sthApanAditrayamiti zabdAdvaitavAdimataM, sthApanaiva kalpanAtmikA na nAmAditrayaM vastu sarvasya kalpitatvAditi vibhramaikAMtavAdimataM, dravyameva tattvaM na bhAvAditrayamiti ca dravyAdvaitavAdidarzanaM prativyUDhaM / tadanyatamApAye sakalasaMvyavahArAnupapattezca yuktaH sarvapadArthAnAM nAmAdibhiyA'sastAvatA prkrnnprismaapteH|| __nanu nAmAdibhiya'stAnAmakhilapadArthAnAmadhigamaH kena kartavyo yatastavyavasthA adhigamajasamyagdarzanavyavasthA ca syAt / na cAstadhanA kasyacidvyavasthA sarvasya sveSTatattvavyavasthAnuSaMgAditi vadaMtaM pratyAha sUtrakAra; sthApanA nikSepa ke abhAva meM mUrtidarzana, rAjakIya mudrA se hone vAlA vyavahAra, sAdhAraNa mAnava meM Aropita sabhApatitva, maitrItva Adi vyavahAra kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| dravya nikSepa bhAvI kAla meM pariNata dravya kI yogyatA ko sa~bhAlatA hai| dravya nikSepa ke mAne binA ghRta ke lie dUdha ko grahaNa karanA, gehU~ ke lie gehU~ bIja ko bonA, Adi sarva vyavahAra naSTa ho jAte haiN| ata: nAma sthApanA Adi meM arthakriyAkAritva hone se ye avastu nahIM haiM apitu vastusvarUpa hI haiN| zabdAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki jagat meM zabda svarUpa nAmanikSepa hI vastubhUta hai| sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva nikSepa paramArthabhUta nahIM haiM kalpita haiN| sampUrNa padArthoM ko ekAnta se bhrAnta svarUpa mAnane vAlA kahatA hai ki kalpanA svarUpa sthApanA hI jagat meM padArtha hai; nAma dravya aura bhAva ye tIna nikSepa vAstavika vastubhUta nahIM haiM, kalpita haiN| dravyAdvaitavAdI kA siddhAnta hai ki bhaviSya kAla meM dravaNa karane yogya (bhAvarUpa pariNata hone yogya). dravya nikSepa hI vAstavika hai nAma, sthApanA aura bhAva nikSepa vAstavika nahIM haiN| parantu ina tInoM ekAnta vAdiyoM ke mantavya (kathana) kA syAdvAda matAnusAra cAroM nikSepoM kI siddhi ho jAne se khaNDana kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| kyoMki nAmAdi cAroM meM se kisI nikSepa kA abhAva ho jAne para jagat ke sampUrNa samIcIna vyavahAroM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| ataH sampUrNa padArthoM kA yathAyogya nAma Adi cAroM nikSepoM se nyAsa (loka vyavahAra) karanA yuktisaMgata hai| kyoMki cAro kA avinAbhAva saMbaMdha hai| eka ke abhAva meM cAroM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra nikSepa kA prakaraNa pUrNa huaa| zaMkA : nAma sthApanA dravya aura bhAva ina cAra nikSepoM ke dvArA nyasyamAna sampUrNa padArthoM kA adhigama (nirNaya vA nizcaya) kisake dvArA karanA cAhie ? jisase lokaprasiddha nAma, sthApanAdi ke dvArA vyavahRta padArthoM kI vyavasthA ho sake tathA dUsaroM ke upadeza se vA zAstroM ke paThana, manana se utpanna adhigamaja samyagdarzana kI vyavasthA bana sake kyoMki jJApaka sAdhana ke binA kisI bhI nAmAdi nikSepoM kI tathA jIvAdi padArthoM kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai anyathA- (yadi jJApaka sAdhana ke binA bhI kisI padArtha kI siddhi mAneMge to) pramANa viruddha bolane vAle sabhI vAdiyoM ke apane iSTa tattva kI siddhi kA prasaMga AyegA isa prakAra zaMkA karane vAle ke prati sUtrakAra kahate haiM:
Page #178
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 165 pramANanayairadhigamaH // 6 // sarvArthAnAM mumukSubhiH kartavyo na punarasAdhana evAdhigama iti vAkyArthaH / kathamasau taiH kartavya ityAha;sUtre nAmAdinikSiptatattvArthAdhigamasthitaH / kAtya'to dezato vApi sa pramANanayairiha // 1 // tannisargAdadhigamAdvetyatra sUtre nAmAdinikSiptAnAM tattvArthAnAM yodhigamaH samyagdarzanahetutvena sthitaH sa iha zAstre prastAve vA kAtsya'taH pramANena kartavyo dezato nayaireveti vyavasthA / nanvevaM pramANanayAnAmadhigamastathAnyaiH pramANanayaiH kAryastadadhigamopyaparityanavasthA, svatasteSAmadhigame sarvArthAnAM svataH sostviti na teSAmadhigamasAdhanatvaM / na vAnadhigatA eva pramANanayAH padArthAdhigamopAyA pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA jovAdi padArthoM kA adhigama (jJAna) hotA hai arthAt padArthoM kA nirNaya vA jAnane kA sAdhana pramANa aura naya haiM, kyoMki padArthoM kA nirNaya pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA hI hotA hai / / 6 / / bhAvArtha : vastu ke sakalAdeza ko jAnane vAle sva-para-prakAzaka pramANoM se aura vastvaMza ko vikalAdeza jAnane vAle zruta jJAnAMzarUpa nayoM se samyagdarzana Adi tathA jIva Adi sampUrNa padArthoM kA nirNaya hotA hai| ____ isa sUtra vAkya kA anya upayogI padoM ke upaskAra kara lene para yaha artha huA ki mokSa ko cAhane vAle puruSoM ko sampUrNa arthoM kA pramANa aura nayoM se nirNaya kara lenA cAhie kyoMki punaH jJApaka kAraNa ke binA vAkya artha kA adhigama nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| koI bhavya kahatA hai ki vaha adhigama una pramANa nayoM dvArA kaise karanA cAhie ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya uttara kahate haiN| __pUrva sUtra meM nAma Adika ke dvArA nikSipta kiye tattvArthoM kA sampUrNa rUpa se adhigama honA pramANoM se aura eka deza se adhigama honA nayoM se vyavasthita hai| vahI isa sUtra meM nirNIta kara diyA gayA hai|| 1 // - isa vArttika kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai, "tannisargAdadhigamAdvA" isa sUtra meM nAma Adika ke dvArA nikSipta kiye gaye tAttvika padArthoM kA adhigama honA adhigamajanya samyagdarzana ke hetu rUpa se vyavasthita kiyA gayA hai| yaha adhigama isa zAstra meM yA isa prakaraNa meM pUrNa rUpa se pramANa aura pramANa ke eka aMza rUpa nayoM se hI hotA hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie, yaha isa sUtra kA abhiprAya hai| __ zaMkA : jaise jIva AdikoM kA adhigama pramANa aura nayoM se kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra una pramANa nayoM kA adhigama bhI anya pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA kiyA jAnA cAhie tathA unakA bhI adhigama tIsare pramANa nayoM se honA caahie| ata: cauthe, pA~caveM Adi kI jijJAsA hote hue, AkAMkSA ke bar3ha jAne para anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi anavasthA ko dUra karane ke lie una pramANa nayoM kA apane Apa hI adhigama ho jAnA svIkAra karate haiM, taba to sampUrNa jIva Adi padArthoM ke bhI apane Apa se vaha adhigama ho jaayegaa| isalie una pramANa nayoM ke adhigama kA sAdhakapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| dUsaroM se yA svayaM nahIM jAne gaye
Page #179
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 166 jnyaapktvaadtiprsNgaaccetyprH| sopyprstutvaadii| pramANanayAnAmabhyAsAnabhyAsAvasthayoH svata: paratazcAdhigamasya vakSyamANatvAt / paratasteSAmadhigame kvacidabhyAsAtsvatodhigamasiddharanavasthApariharaNAt / svatodhigame sarvArthAnAmadhigamasya teSAmacetanatvenAtiprasaMgAt / cetanArthAnAM kathaMcitpramANanayAtmakatvena svatodhigamasyeSTatvAcca zreyAn pramANanayairadhigamorthAnAM sarvathA dossaabhaavaat|| nanu ca pramANaM nayAzceti dvaMdvavRttau nayasya pUrvanipAtaH syAdalpActaratvAnna pramANasya bahvantaratvAdityAkSepe prAha;pramANa aura naya to padArthoM ke jAnane ke upAya nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve jJApaka haiN| dUsare se yA apane se jo jJAta nahIM hai, vaha padArtha jJApaka nahIM hotA hai anyathA ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai| ajJAta ghaTa, paTa, Adika padArtha bhI cAhe jisa kisI bhI vastu ke jJApaka bana jAyeMge ? isa prakAra koI matAvalambI pUcha rahA hai| usako AcArya uttara kahate haiM ki : vaha zaGkAkAra bhI prakaraNa ke viSaya ko nahIM samajha kara aisA kaha rahA hai, kyoMki abhyAsa dazA meM pramANa aura nayoM kA apane Apa adhigama ho jAtA hai aura anabhyAsa dazA meM pramANa tathA nayoM kI dUsare jJApakoM se jJapti hotI hai| isa viSaya ko Age spaSTa karane vAle haiN| pramANa kI utpatti to parataH hI hotI hai kintu pramANapane kI jJapti abhyAsadazA meM svata: yAnI jJAna ke sAmAnya kAraNoM se hI hotI hai aura anabhyAsa dazA meM dUsaroM yAnI jJAna ke sAmAnya se evaM atirikta nirmalatA Adi kAraNoM se hotI hai arthAt jaise apane paricita ghara meM andhakAra hone para bhI abhyAsa ke vaza arthoM ko jAnane vAle jJAna ke pramANapane kI svata: jJapti kara lete haiM kintu aparicita gRha meM anya kAraNoM se prAmANya kI jJapti hotI hai| jina jJApaka dUsare kAraNoM se adhigama honA mAnA hai, unake prAmANya ko jAnane meM kahIM to prathama abhyAsa hone se apane Apa adhigama honA siddha hai| ata: anavasthA doSa kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai| ___ "pramANa nayoM kA apane Apa adhigama honA mAnoge to sampUrNa arthoM kA bhI apane Apa adhigama ho jAvegA"AcAryoM kA kahanA hai ki sabhI jaDa yA cetana arthoM kI apane Apa jJapti honA mAnA jAegA to jJapti kA ati prasaMga doSa ho jAvegA, kyoMki ve ghaTa, paTa, Adika artha acetana hone ke kAraNa svayaM apanA jJAna nahIM kara sakate haiN| acetana padArtha yadi jJAna karane lage to ve cetana ho jAveMge tathA jJAna ke samAna kaMkar3a bhI apane ko jAnakara iSTAniSTa padArthoM kA grahaNa yA tyAga karane laga jaaveNge| ataH sampUrNa arthoM meM se jJAna, AtmA, icchA, sukha, du:kha Adi cetana yA cetana ke aMza rUpa padArthoM ko kisI apekSA se pramANa naya svarUpa hone ke kAraNa apane Apa adhigama honA iSTa kiyA hai ata: sabhI prakAra doSa na hone se pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA adhigama honA zreSTha hai| __ dUsarI zaMkA isa sUtra meM pramANa aura naya athavA naya aura pramANa isa prakAra cAhe jaise bhI dvandva nAma kI samAsa vRtti karane para naya zabda kA pahale nipAta (pahale prayoga) karanA cAhie, kyoMki "alpAntaraM pUrvam" vyAkaraNa ke isa sUtrAnusAra aneka padoM meM se thor3e svara vAle eka pada kA pUrva nipAta hotA hai, parantu
Page #180
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 167 pramANaM ca nayAzceti dvandve pUrvanipAtanam / kRtaM pramANazabdasyAbhyarhitatvena bahvacaH // 2 // na hyalpAntarAdabhyarhitaM pUrvaM nipatatIti kasyacidaprasiddha lakSaNahetvorityatra hetuzabdAdalpAntarAdapi lakSaNapadasya bahvaco'bhyarhitasya pUrvaprayogadarzanAt // kathaM puna: pramANamabhyarhitaM nayAdityAha;pramANaM sakalAdezi nayAdabhyarhitaM matam / vikalAdezinastasya vAcakopi tathocyate // 3 // kathamabhyarhitatvAnabhyarhitatvAbhyAM sakalAdezitvavikalAdezitve vyAptisiddhe yataH pramANanayayoste siddhyata iti cet , prakRSTAprakRSTavizuddhilakSaNatvAdabhyarhitatvAnabhyarhitatvayostadvyApakatvamiti brUmaH / na hi pramANa aura naya pada meM se naya pada ke alpa svara. haiM, yAnI do ac haiM tathA pramANa pada ke bahuta svara haiM, yAnI tIna svara haiM, ata: apekSAkRta bahuta svara hone se pramANa kA pUrva meM vacanaprayoga nahIM honA caahie| aura "nayapramANairadhigamaH" aisA sUtra kahanA caahie| isa prakAra kahane para AcArya uttara dete haiM : . pramANa aura naya isa prakAra dvandva samAsa karane para, bahuta svara vAle bhI pramANa zabda kA pUjyapane ke kAraNa pahale nikSepaNa kara diyA hai arthAt alpa svara vAlA pahale prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| isa sAmAnya niyama kA "abhyarhitaM pUrvam" atipUjya kA pUrva meM nipAta honA rUpa apavAda niyama bAdhaka hai ata: aMzI hone ke kAraNa pUjya pramANa zabda kA pahale prayoga kiyA hai arthAt pratiSThita aura apratiSThita puruSoM prakaraNa hone para pratiSThita puruSoM kA nAma pahale liyA jAtA hai // 2 // prakRSTa rUpa se alpa svara vAle pada kI apekSA adhika pUjya kA vAcaka pada pUrva meM prayukta ho jAtA hai| yaha niyama kisI ke yahA~ bhI aprasiddha nahIM hai; sabhI zabda zAstroM meM prasiddha hai| yahA~ "lakSaNahetvo" isa sUtra meM lakSaNa aura hetu yA hetu aura lakSaNa aisA itaretara dvandva karane para svanta evaM alpa svara vAle bhI hetu zabda se bahuta svara vAle kintu adhika pUjya lakSaNa pada kA pahale prayoga honA dekhA jAtA hai| naya se pramANa adhika pUjya kaise hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya uttara dete haiM - - vastu ke ekadezIya vikala aMzoM ko kahane vAle naya jJAna se vastu ke sampUrNa aMzoM ko kahane vAlA pramANajJAna adhika pUjya mAnA gayA hai| ata: usa samyagjJAna rUpa abhidheya ko kahane vAlA pramANa vAcaka zabda bhI pUjya kahA jAtA hai|| 3 // ___ pUjyapane aura apUjyapane ke sAtha sakalAdezIpane aura vikalAdezIpane kI vyApti kaise siddha kara lI jAtI hai ? arthAt jo jJAna vastu ke sampUrNa aMzoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA hai vaha abhyarhita hai aura jo jJAna vastu ke kucha aMza kA prarUpaNa karatA hai vaha apUjya hai| isa prakAra kI vyApti kisa prakAra siddha kI gaI hai, jisase ki ve apane-apane hetuoM se vyApaka pUjyapane aura apUjyapane sAdhya ko pramANa aura nayarUpI pakSa meM siddha kara dete hoN| aisI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM ki pUjyapane kA prayojana atizayayukta zreSTha vizuddhi honA hai aura nyUna vizuddhi honA apUjyapane kA lakSaNa hai ataH sakalAdezIpana kA vyApaka pUjyapanA hai aura vikalAdezIpana kA vyApaka apUjyapanA hai| adhika zreSTha vizuddhi ke binA pramANa jJAna aneka dharma
Page #181
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 168 prakRSTAM vizuddhimaMtareNa pramANamanekadharmadharmisvabhAvaM sakalamarthamAdizati, nayasyApi sakalAdezitvaprasaMgAt / nAApi vizuddhyapakarSamaMtareNa nayo dharmamAtraM vA vikalamAdizati prmaannsyaaviklaadeshitvprsNgaat|| svArthanizcAyakatvena pramANaM naya ityasat / svArthaikadezanirNItilakSaNo hi nayaH smRtaH // 4 // nayaH pramANameva svArthavyavasAyakatvAdiSTapramANavad viparyayo vA, tato na pramANanayayorbhedosti yenAbhyarhitetaratA ciMtyA iti kazcit / tadasat / nayasya svArthekadezalakSaNatvena svaarthnishcaayktvaasiddheH| svArthAMzasyApi vastutve tatparicchede chedalakSaNatvAtpramANasya sa na cedvastu tadviSayo mithyAjJAnameva syAttasyAvastuviSayatvalakSaNatvAditi codyamasadeva / kutaH ? nAyaM vastu na cAvastu vastvaMzaH kathyate ytH| nAsamudraH samudro vA samudrAMzo yathocyate // 5 // aura dharmArUpa svabhAvoM se tAdAtmya rakhane vAle sampUrNa artha kA nirUpaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai| anyathA thor3a vizuddhi se yukta naya ko bhI pUrI vastu ke samajhAne kA prasaMga AyegA tathA vizuddhi kI alpatA ke binA naya jJAna eka aMza rUpa vikala akele dharma yA kevala dharmI kA kathana nahIM kara sakatA anyathA pramANa ko bhI vikalAdezIpane kA prasaMga hogaa| apanA aura artha kA nizcaya karAne vAlA hone ke kAraNa nayajJAna bhI pramANa haiN| isa prakAra kahanA samIcIna nahIM hai| kyoMki naya kA lakSaNa apanA aura artha kA ekadezarUpa se nirNaya karanA kahA hai||4|| koI kahatA hai ki naya jJAna pramANarUpa hI hai kyoMki vaha naya svayaM apanA aura artha kA nirNaya karAne vAlA hai| jaise iSTa pramANa, pramANa hI hai| yadi apane aura artha ko jAnane vAle jJAna ko pramANa na mAnakara naya mAna liyA jAvegA to iSTa pramANa ko bhI naya mAnanA pdd'egaa| isa prakAra mAnane para siddhAnta se viparIta niyama ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA ataH pramANa aura naya meM koI bheda nahIM hai jisase ki pramANa ke pUjyapane kA aura nayoM ke apUjyapane kA vicAra kiyA jAye arthAt pramANa ke samAna naya bhI pUjya hai aura alpasvara vAlA to hai hI, ata: sUtra meM naya zabda kA pahale prayoga karanA caahie| AcArya kahate haiM ki ApakA yaha kathana prazasta nahIM hai, kyoMki apanA aura artha kA ekadeza se nirNaya karanA naya kA lakSaNa hai ata: pUrNa rUpa se apanA aura artha kA nizcaya karAne vAlA hetu asiddha hai, arthAt pakSa meM hetu ke nahIM rahane se ukta hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai| naya ke dvArA jAne gaye svAMza aura arthAMza ko bhI yadi vastubhUta mAnA jAvegA, taba to unako jAna lene para vastu kA grahaNa kara lene vAlA ho jAne se naya jJAna bhI pramANa ho jaayegaa| pramANa kA lakSaNa vastu ko jAnanA hai yadi naya se jAne gaye sva aura artha ke aMza ko vastu na mAnA jAvegA taba to usa avastu ko viSaya karane vAlA naya jJAna mithyA jJAna hogA, kyoMki avastu ko viSaya karanA usa mithyA jJAna kA lakSaNa hai| isa prakAra kahanA vA zaMkA karanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki -
Page #182
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 169 tanmAtrasya samudratve zeSAMzasyAsamudratA / samuMdrabahutvaM vA syAttaccetkAstu samudravit // 6 // yathaiva hi samudrAMzasya samudratve zeSasamudrAMzAnAmasamudratvaprasaMgAt samudrabahutvApattirvA teSAmapi pratyeka samudratvAt / tasyAsamudratve vA zeSasamudrAMzAnAmapyasamudratvAt kvacidapi samudravyavahArAyogAt samudrAMzaH sa evocyate / tathA svArthaikadezo nayasya na vastu svArthaikadezAntarANAmavastutvaprasaMgAt, vastubahutvAnuSaktervA / nApyavastu zeSAMzAnAmapyavastutvena kvacidapi vastuvyavasthAnupapatteH / kiM tarhi ? / vastvaMza evAsau taadRkprtiiterbaadhkaabhaavaat|| nAMzebhyotiraM kazcittattvatoMzItyayuktikam / tasyaikazca sthaviSThasya sphuTaM dRSTestadaMzavat // 7 // naya dvArA viSaya kiyA gayA vastu kA aMza na to pUrI vastu hai aura na vastu se sarvathA pRthak avastu hai kintu vastu kA ekadeza kahA jAtA hai jaise ki samudra kA eka aMza pUrNa samudra nahIM hai, aura ghaTa yA nadI, sarovara ke samAna vaha asamudra bhI nahIM hai kintu vaha samudra kA eka aMza kahA jAtA hai| yadi samudra ke kevala utane aMza ko pUrA samudra mAna liyA jAvegA to zeSa bace hue samudra aMzoM ko bhI sarovara Adi ke samAna samudrarahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| samudra ke eka-eka aMza ko yadi pUrA samudra kaha doge to eka-eka Tukar3e ke bahuta se samudra ho jAveMge, aisI dazA meM eka avayavI samudra kA jJAna kaise hogaa|| 5-6 // samudra ke aMza ko pUrNa samudra mAna lene para bace hue samudra ke aMzoM ko asamudrapane kA prasaMga AtA hai athavA eka-eka aMza ko samudrapanA ho jAne se bahuta se samudra ho jAne kI Apatti hotI hai, kyoMki ve sampUrNa eka-eka aMza bhI pRthak-pRthak samudra bana jaaveNge| yadi usa samudra ke aMza ko samudrapanA na mAnA jAvegA to samudra ke bace hue aMzoM ko bhI samudrapanA na hogaa| taba to kahIM bhI samudrapane kA vyavahAra na ho skegaa| ataH parizeSa nyAya se yahI nirNaya karanA par3egA ki vaha samadra kA aMza na to samadra hai aura na asamudra hai, kintu vaha samudra kA ekadeza aMza hI kahA jAtA hai| usI prakAra naya ke gocara sva aura artha kA ekadeza bhI pUrI vastu nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para svArtha se bace hue anya katipaya ekadezoM ko avastupane kA prasaMga AtA hai| athavA vastu ke eka-eka aMza ko yadi pUrI eka-eka vastu mAna liyA jAvegA to eka vastu meM bahuta sI vastue~ ho jAne kI Apatti hotI hai| _tathA naya se jAna liyA gayA ki svArtha kA aMza avastu bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki usa prakRta aMza ke samAna bace hue anya aMzoM ko bhI avastupanA ho jAne se kahIM bhI vastu kI vyavasthA siddha na ho skegii| zaMkA : naya ke dvArA jAnA gayA svArthAMza kyA hai ? samAdhAna : vaha vastu kA aMza hI hai, aisI pratIti hone meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| .. bhAvArtha : akele hAtha ko zarIra bhI nahIM kaha sakate haiM aura azarIra bhI nahIM kaha sakate, apitu hAtha, zarIra kA ekadeza hai, usI prakAra naya ke dvArA jAnI huI vastu avastu nahIM hai apitu vastu kA aMza hai| bauddha darzana aMzoM se bhinna koI bhI padArtha vAstavika rUpa se nahIM mAnatA hai ata: usake mata meM aMzI nahIM hai kevala aMzarUpa avayava hI padArtha hai| kSaNika paramANu hI vAstavika hai, avayavI koI vastu nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA yaha kahanA yuktiyoM sa rahita hai kyoMki usa eka avayavI rUpa adhika
Page #183
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 170 nAMtarbahirvAMzebhyo bhinnoMzI kazcittattvatosti yo hi pratyakSabuddhAvAtmAnaM na samarpayati pratyakSatA meM svIkaroti / soyamamUlyadAnakra yItyayuktikameva, sthaviSThasyaikasya sphuTaM sAkSAtkaraNAt tadvyatirekeNAMzAnAmevApratibhAsanAt / tathA ime paramANavo nAtmanaH pratyakSabuddhau svarUpaM samarpayaMti pratyakSatA ca svIkartumutsahaMta ityamUlyadAnakrayiNaH / / kalpanAropitoMzI cet sa na syAt kalpanAMtare / tasya nArthakriyAzaktirna spaSTajJAnavedyatA // 8 // zakyaMte hi kalpanAH pratisaMkhyAnena nivArayituM neMdriyabuddhaya iti svayamabhyupetya kalpanAMtare sthUla aMzI (avayavI) kA spaSTa rUpa meM pratyakSajJAna dvArA darzana ho rahA hai| jaise ki pratyakSa jJAna se usake aMza dikha rahe haiM // 7 // bhAvArtha : kapAla, tantu, Adi choTe-choTe aneka avayavoM se kathaJcit bhinna eka sthUla ghaTa, paTa, Adi avayavI pratyakSa dRSTigocara hotA hai| saugatoM kA mantavya jJAna paramANu rUpa antaraMga aura svalakSaNa paramANu rUpa bahiraMga aMzoM se bhinna koI aMzavAn sthUla avayavI padArtha vAstavika rUpa se nahIM hai, kyoMki aMzI pratyakSa pramANa meM apane svarUpa ko arpita nahIM karatA hai aura apane pratyakSa ho jAne ko svIkAra karanA cAhatA hai ata: jaina, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi ke dvArA mAna liyA gayA vaha yaha aMzI mUlya na dekara kraya (kharIda) karane vAlA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra saugata kA kahanA ayukta hI hai, kyoMki adhika moTA eka artha (padArtha) spaSTa rUpa se pratyakSa dRSTigocara ho rahA hai| pratyut usa avayavI se sarvathA bhinna mAne gaye aMza hI dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahe haiM ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta paramANu hI pratyakSa jJAna meM apane svarUpa ko arpaNa nahIM karatA hai, kintu apane pratyakSa ho jAne pana ko svIkAra karane ke lie utsAhita ho rahA hai| isa prakAra tumhAre aMtaraMga, bahiraMga paramANu hI binA mUlya dekara saudA lene vAle haiM, hamArA avayavI nhiiN| bhAvArtha : ghaTa, pustaka, AtmA, hAthI, ghor3A Adi avayaviyoM kA spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai, avayava kA nhiiN| bauddha kahatA hai ki aMzI vAstavika padArtha nahIM hai, kalpita hai| jaina AcArya prativAda karate haiM ki yadi avayavI padArtha kalpita hotA to dUsarI kalpanAoM ke utpanna ho jAne para vaha nahIM rahane pAtA, kintu hRdaya meM aneka kalpanAoM ke uThate rahane para bhI avayavI ojhala nahIM hote haiN| kalpanA kiye hue padArthoM meM to aisA nahIM hotA hai| ata: avayavI kalpita nahIM hai, kinn vastubhUta hai| athavA kalpita kiyA gayA vaha avayavI artha kriyAoM ko nahIM kara sakatA hai aisA bhI narha hai, kyoMki prakaraNa meM ghaTa, paTa Adi avayavI padArthoM se jaladhAraNa Adi arthakriyAyeM ho rahI haiM tathA sthi sthUla sAdhAraNa, avayavI padArtha kA pratyakSa pramANa jJAna dvArA spaSTa saMvedana ho rahA hai, arthAt prakaraNa avayavI to spaSTa jJAna dvArA jAnA jA rahA hai / / 8 // kalpanAe~ to unake pratikUla anya kalpanAoM se nivAraNa kI jA sakatI haiM, kintu indriyajanya jJAna to anya pratikUla jJAnoM se haTAye nahIM jA sakate haiM, kyoMki indriyajanya jJAna pratyakSa pramANa hai| isa prakA
Page #184
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 171 satyapyanivartamAnaM sthavIyAnsaM ekamavayavinaM kalpanAropitaM bruvan kathamavayavevayavivacana: ? yadi punaravayavikalpanAyAH kalpanAMtarasya vAzuvRttevicchedAnupalakSaNAt sahabhAvAbhimAno lokasya / tato na kalpanAMtare sati kalpanAtmanopyavayavinostitvamiti matiH tadA kathamiMdriyabuddhInAM kvacitsahabhAvastAttvikaH siddhyet / tAsAmapyAzuvRttervicchedAnupalakSaNAtsahabhAvAbhimAnasiddheH / kathaM vAzvaM vikalpayatopi ca godarzanAddarzanakalpanAvirahasiddhiH ? kalpanAtmanopi godarzanasya tathAzvavikalpena sahabhAvapratIteravirodhAt / tataH sarvatra kalpanAyAH kalpanAMtarodaye nivRttireSTavyA, anyatheSTavyAghAtAt / tathA ca na kalpanAropitoMzI kalpanAMtare satyapyanivartamAnatvAt svasaMvedanavat / tasyArthakriyAyAM sAmarthyAcca na kalpanAropitatvaM / na hi svayaM svIkAra karatA huA bhI bauddha anya kalpanAoM ke hone para bhI nivRtta nahIM hone vAle adhika sthUla eka avayavI ko kalpanA se Aropita kara rahA hai| ataH avayava meM avayavI ko kalpita karane vAle ke dvArA avayava aura avayavI kA vivecana kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt jaba dUsare kalpanA jJAna ke hote hue bhI avayavI kA jJAna ho rahA hai, nivRtta nahIM hotA hai to siddha huA ki vaha eka avayavI kA jJAna pramANajJAna hai, kalpita nahIM hai| yahA~ aMzoM kA nirvikalpaka pratyakSajJAna karate samaya avayavI kA kalpanA se jJAna hotA hai usa kalpanA jJAna ke avyavahita uttara samaya meM atyanta zIghra dUsare kalpAntara kA jJAna ho jAtA hai (kumhAra ke cakrabhramaNa ke samAna zIghratA hone se madhyavartI deza, kAla kA antarAla sthUla dRSTi vAle loka ko nahIM dikhatA hai) ata: eka samaya meM sAtha-sAtha utpanna hue do kalpanA jJAnoM kI sagarva mAnyatA ho jAtI hai (yAnI jana samudAya do kalpanA jJAnoM kA eka samaya meM honA bhramavaza kahatA hai vastuta: vicArA jAe to do kalpanAe~ do samayoM meM huI haiM) ata: dUsarI kalpanA ke hone para pUrva samaya kI kalpanA svarUpa se Aropita avayavI kA vastutaH astitva nahIM hai| bauddhoM kA aisA vicAra hone para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to indriya-janya jJAnoM kA kahIM vAstavika rUpa se sAtha rahanA kaise siddha hogA? vahA~ bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki una jJAnoM kI bhI atizIghratA se avyavahita uttarottara samayoM meM pravRtti hone ke kAraNa madhya kA antarAla nahIM dIkhatA hai ata: saMsArI jIvoM ko indriya jJAnoM kA eka sAtha honA mAnanA siddha hai| (vastutaH indriyajanya jJAna bhI eka sAtha utpanna nahIM hote haiN| jainAcArya upayoga Atmaka pA~ca kA to kyA do jJAnoM kA bhI eka sAtha honA abhISTa nahIM karate haiM cetanA guNa kI eka samaya meM eka hI paryAya ho sakatI hai, nyUna adhika nahIM) _ kiMca azva kA vikalpa karane vAle puruSa ke gAya kA nirvikalpaka darzana ho jAne se darzanarUpa kalpanA ke abhAva kI siddhi kaise hogI ? kyoMki kalpanA svarUpa bhI go darzana kI usa prakAra azva vikalpa jJAna ke sAtha hone vAlI pratIti kA koI virodha nahIM hai ata: sabhI sthaloM para dUsarI kalpanA ke udaya ho jAne para pahalI kalpanA kI nivRtti ho jAnA iSTa kara lenA caahie| anyathA Apake abhISTa mantavyoM kA vyAghAta ho jAvegA aura aisA hone para to siddha ho jAtA hai ki anvayI yA aMzI kalpanA mAtra nahIM hai kyoMki dUsarI kalpanAoM ke utpanna ho jAne para bhI vaha nivRtta nahIM hotI hai| jaise ki svasaMvedana pratyakSa kalpita nahIM hai|
Page #185
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 172 mANavake'gniradhyAropitaH pAkAdAvAdhIyate / karAMguliSvAropito vainateyo nirviSIkaraNAdAvAdhIyata iti cet na, samudrollaMghanAdyarthakriyAyAmapi tasyAdhAnaprasaMgAt / nirviSIkaraNAdayastu tadA pAnAdimAtranibaMdhanA eveti na tato virudhyate / nanvarthakriyAzaktirasiddhAvayavinaH paramANUnAmevArthakriyAsamarthasiddhesta eva hyasAdhAraNArthakriyAkAriNo rUpAditayA vyavahriyaMte / jalAharaNAdilakSaNasAdhAraNArthakriyAyAM pravartamAnAstu ghaTAditayA / tato ghaTAdyavayavino avastutvasiddhistasya saMvRtasattvAditicenna, paramANUnAM jalAharaNAdyarthakriyAyAM bhAvArtha : cAhe nirvikalpaka jJAna ho yA savikalpaka jJAna ho, pUrA mithyA jJAna bhI kyoM na ho; ye saba apane ko to pramANa svarUpa saMvedana se jAnate haiM vaha saMvedana pratyakSa jaise kalpita jJAna nahIM hai usI prakAra aMzI padArtha kalpita nahIM hai aneka aMzavAlA eka aMzI padArtha vastubhUta hai| . ___ arthAt jo arthakriyAoM ko karatA hai, vaha vastubhUta hai (arthakriyAkAritvaM vastuno lakSaNam) / ghaTa, paTa, Adika avayavI aura AtmA, AkAza, Adi aMzI padArthoM ko siddha karane meM yaha yukti hai| arthakriyA karane meM samartha hone se aMzI kalpanA Aropita nahIM hai jaise eka tejasvI caMcala bAlaka meM agnipane kA Aropa kara liyA gayA itane se hI vaha AropI agni becArI pacAnA, jalAnA, Adi kriyAoM ke upayoga karane meM nahIM lI jAtI hai kyoMki kalpita avayavI kucha kArya nahIM kara sktaa| zaMkA : hAtha kI aMguliyoM meM kalpita kara liyA gayA garur3a pakSI viSa utArane rUpa kriyA Adi me arthakriyAkArI mAnA gayA hai arthAt gArur3ika jana apanI aMguliyoM meM garur3a kI sthApanA kara usake dvArA sA~pa ke kATe hue manuSya kA viSa utAra dete haiN| isa prakAra kalpita padArtha bhI kucha kArya kara dete haiN| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki aisA kahane para to samudra kA ullaMghana karanA, parvata ko lAMgha jAnA Adi arthakriyAoM meM bhI usa aMgulI rUpa garur3a ke upayoga ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| viSa rahita karanA Adika kArya to usa samaya mantrita jala ke pAna athavA garur3a kI AkRti Adi ko kAraNa mAnakara hI utpanna hote haiM ataH usa kalpita garur3a se hue viruddha nahIM mAne jAte haiM (kintu samudra kA ullaMghana karanA to vastubhUta mukhya garur3a kA kArya hai ata: avayavI aneka arthakriyAoM ko karatA huA dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, ata: aMzI paramArtha hai, kalpita nhiiN|) bauddha kI zaMkA : avayavI meM arthakriyA karane kI zakti siddha nahIM hai paramANuoM ke hI arthakriyA karane kI sAmarthya siddha hai, ve paramANu hI apanI-apanI asAdhAraNa artha kriyAoM ko karate hue rUpa paramANu, rasa paramANu athavA rUpaskandha, vedanA skandha Adi se vyavahAra meM pracalita hote haiM arthAt pratyeka vastubhUta paramANu kI arthakriyA nyArI-nyArI hai| jisa samaya aneka paramANu eka sI jaladhAraNa, zIta ko dUra karanA, Adi svarUpa sAdhAraNa arthakriyAoM ko karane meM pravRtti karate haiM taba ve ghaTa, paTa Adi rUpa se vyavahata kiye jAte haiM ataH ghaTa, paTa Adika avayaviyoM ko vastubhUtapanA siddha nahIM hai (jo kucha bhI arthakriyA ho rahI hai saba paramANuoM kI hai)| vaha avayavI to kevala vyavahAra se sat mAna liyA jAtA hai, vastuta: nhiiN|
Page #186
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 173 sAmarthyAnupapatterghaTAdereva taMtra sAmarthyAt prmaarthsiddheH| paramANavo hi tatra pravartamAnA: kaMcidatizayamapekSante na vA ? na tAvaduttara: pakSaH sarvadA sarveSAM tatra pravRttiprasaMgAt / svakAraNakRtamatizayamapekSata eveti cet , ka: punaratizayaH ? samAnadezatayotpAda iti cet , kA punasteSAM samAnadezatA ? bhinnadezAnAmevopagatatvAt jalAharaNAdyarthakriyAyogyadezatA teSAM samAnadezatA nAnyA, yAdRzi hi deze sthitaH paramANurekastatropayujyate tAdRzi parepi paramANavaH sthitAstatraivopayujyamAnAH samAnadezA: kathyate na punarekatra deze vartamAnA, virodhAt uttara : aba AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki jala ko lAnA, jala ko dhAraNa karanA, Adi arthakriyAoM ke karane meM sUkSma paramANuoM kA sAmarthya siddha nahIM hotA hai| una kriyAoM ko karane meM to ghaTa, paTa Adi avayaviyoM kI hI sAmarthya hai ataH ghaTa, paTa, Adika avayavI hai, ye vAstavika artha siddha ho jAte haiN| prazna : arthakriyAoM ko karane meM pravRtta paramANu kyA kisI atizaya kI apekSA rakhate haiM athavA nahIM ? dUsarA pakSa grahaNa karanA to ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki binA kisI camatkAra ke utpanna hue yadi paramANu jaladhAraNa Adi kAryoM ko kara lete haiM taba to sadA hI sampUrNa paramANuoM ko una kAryoM meM pravRtti karane kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt tRNa bhI chata ke bojha ko sambhAla leMge (yadi prathama pakSa ke anusAra ve paramANu apaneapane kAraNoM se kiye gaye atizayoM kI apekSA karate haiN| yAnI jina kAraNoM se paramANu utpanna hote haiM unhIM kAraNoM se jalAharaNa, zItApanoda Adi ko utpanna karAne vAle atizaya bhI unameM sAtha hI paidA ho jAte haiM) aisA kahane para to hama jaina phira pUchate haiM ki paramANuoM meM utpanna huA vaha atizaya kyA padArtha hai ? yadi kaho ki aneka paramANuoM kA vahI atinikaTa samAnadezavAlA hokara utpanna ho jAnA atizaya hai to phira una paramANuoM kA dezapanA kyA hai ? yadi kaho ki vastutaH pratyeka paramANu pRthak-pRthak hI deza meM rahate haiM, ata: sampUrNa paramANu bhinna-bhinna dezoM meM utpanna mAnA gayA hai, kintu jala dhAraNa Adi arthakriyAoM ke lie upayogI una paramANuoM kA vyavadhAna rahita sadRza dezoM meM utpanna ho jAnA hI unakI samAnadezatA hai| anya nhiiN| jisa deza meM sthita eka paramANu usa arthakriyA meM upayukta hotA hai, vaise hI dUsare avyavahita deza meM sthita dUsare paramANu bhI usa hI arthakriyA meM karate hue samAna deza vAle kahe jAte haiN| kevala eka hI deza meM sthita paramANu samAna deza vAle nahIM kahe jAte haiM kyoMki isameM virodha hai| (samAna deza aura ekadeza me bahuta antara hai| usa hI eka AdhAra ko eka deza kahate haiM aura usake samAna dUsare dezoM me rahane para samAna deza kahe jAte haiN| mUrta eka paramANu jaba eka pradeza ko ghera letA hai to dUsare paramANu ke Thaharane kA virodha hai)| yadi aneka paramANu eka jagaha sthita ho jAveMge to sampUrNa paramANuoM ko kevala eka paramANurUpa ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| jaba paramANu apane sampUrNa svarUpa se paraspara eka dUsare meM praviSTa ho jAveMge to aneka paramANuoM kA piNDa bhI eka paramANurUpa ho jAvegA, yaha spaSTa hai| anyathA paramANuoM kA eka dezapanA na bana skegaa|
Page #187
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *174 / sarveSAmekaparamANumAtratvaprasaMgAt sarvAtmanA parasparAnupravezAdanyathaikadezatvAyogAditi cet / kA punariyamekA jalAharaNAdyarthakriyA? yasyAmupayujyamAnA bhinnadezavRttayopyaNavaH samAnadezAH syuH / pratiparamANubhidyamAnA hi sAnekaiva yuktA bhavatAmanyathAnekaghaTAdiparamANusAdhyApi saikA syAdavizeSAt / satyaM / anekaiva sA jalAharaNAdyAkAraparamANUnAmeva tat kriyAtvena vyavaharaNAt / tadvyatirekeNa kriyAyA virodhAt kevalamekakAryakaraNAdekatvenopacaryata iticenna, tatkAryANAmapyekatvAsiddhestattvatonekatvenopagatatvAt svakIyaikakAryakaraNAt tatkAryANAmekatvopagame syAdanavasthA tattvataH sudUramapi gatvA bahUnAmekasya kAryasyAnabhyupagamAt / tadupagame vA nAnANUnAmekovayavI kAryaM kiM na bhvet| yadi punarekatayA pratIyamAnatvAdeMkaiva jalAharaNAdyarthakriyopeyate tadA ghaTAdyavayavI tata evaikaH kiM na syAt ? saMvRttyAstu tadekatvapratyayasya isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki yaha aneka paramANuoM ke sAdhana se utpanna eka jalAharaNa Adi arthakriyA kyA hai ? jisameM upayogI bhinna-bhinna dezoM meM rahate hue bhI paramANu samAna deza vAle kahe jAte haiM ? bauddhoM ne pratyeka paramANu ke prati bhinna-bhinna hone vAlI arthakriyA ko aneka hI mAnA hai| anyathA aneka paramANuoM kI yadi eka hI arthakriyA ho sake to ghaTa Adika ke aneka paramANuoM se sAdhya bhI vaha arthakriyA eka ho jAvegI, isameM koI antara nahIM hai| arthAt- aneka paramANuoM se jaise eka jala lAne rUpa arthakriyA ho sakatI hai, usI prakAra aneka paramANuoM se eka avayavI ghaTa bhI bana sakatA hai, hamAre aura Apake mantavya meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| bauddha kahate haiM ki Apa jainoM kA kathana satya hai, vaha aneka paramANuoM se kI gaI jala lAnA rUpa kriyA aneka hI hai, jala lAnA Adi AkAra vAle paramANuoM kA hI usa kriyA rUpa se vyavahAra hotA hai| jitane paramANa hai, utanI hI tadrapa kriyAyeM haiN| una paramANaoM se bhinna hokara kriyA kA virodha hai ataH kevala aneka arthakriyAyeM eka kArya karane se ekapane se vyavahRta (upacarita) ho jAtI haiM, vastuta: ve aneka haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki una aneka paramANuoM ke jala lAnA rUpa aneka kAryoM ko bhI ekapanA asiddha hai, kyoMki vAstavika rUpa se ve kArya bauddhoM ke yahA~ anekapane se svIkAra bhI kiye gaye haiN| yadi una kAryoM ko bhI apane-apane dvArA sampAdita hue eka kArya karane kI apekSA se ekapanA svIkAra karoge taba to anavasthA doSa AyegA kyoMki aneka kAryoM ke banAye gaye kArya bhI vastuta: aneka haiM, phira unake bhI kArya aneka hI hoNge| bahuta dUra bhI jAkara aneka arthoM se utpanna huA vastuta: eka kArya bauddhoM ne nahIM mAnA hai| yadi bauddha anavasthA doSa ko haTAne ke lie uttaravartI aneka kAryoM se anta meM jAkara usa eka kArya kA honA svIkAra kara leMge taba to nAnA paramANuoM kA kArya eka avayavI kyoM na hogA? arthAt eka avayavI siddha ho jAtA hai| yadi ekapane se pratIti kA viSaya hone ke kAraNa jala lAnA Adi arthakriyA eka hI mAna lI jAtI hai yAnI eka paramANu se yadyapi aneka kriyAyeM hotI haiM, phira bhI aneka meM ekatva dharma rahatA hai, ataH ve saba eka haiM, aisA mAnA jAtA hai; taba to ghaTa Adi avayavI bhI eka kyoM nahIM ho jAveMge ? yadi kevala
Page #188
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 175 sAMvRtatvAditi cet, jalAharaNAdyarthakriyApi saMvRttyaikAstu tadavizeSAt / tathopagame kathaM tattvato bhinnadezAnAmaNUnAmekasyAmarthakriyAyAM pravRtteH samAnadezatA yyotpaadetishystaisttraapeksste| tadanapekSAzca kathaM sAdhAraNAdyarthakriyAhetavotiprasaMgAditi na ghaTAdivyavahArabhAjaH syuH| na cAyaM ghaTAyekatvapratyaya: sAMvRtaH spaSTatvAdakSajatvAdvAdhakAbhAvAcca yatastadekatvaM pAramArthikaM na syAt / tato yuktAMzinorthakriyAyAM zaktiraMzavaditi nAsiddhaM sAdhanaM spaSTajJAnavedyatvAcca nAMzI kalpanAropitoMzavat / nanvaMzA eva spaSTajJAnavedyA nAMzI tasya pratyakSe'pratibhAsanAditi cet na, akSavyApAre satyayaM ghaTAdiriti saMpratyayAt / asati tadabhAvAt / saMvRtti (vyavahAra) se avayavI hotA hai, kyoMki una aneka avayavoM meM ekapane kA jJAna upacAra se kalpita hai, aisA kahane para to saugata ke dvArA svIkRta jala lAnA Adi arthakriyA bhI kalpita vyavahAra se eka ho jAnA cAhie, kyoMki saMvRtti (vyavahAra) se ekapane ke jJAna meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| vastuta: jala lAnA Adi arthakriyAyeM bhI aneka hI haiN| vyavahAra meM arthakriyAoM ke ekatva ko svIkAra kara lene para vAstavika rUpa se bhinna-bhinna deza meM rahane vAle paramANuoM kI eka arthakriyA meM pravRtti hone se samAnadezatva kaise siddha hogaa| jisa samAna dezatA se utpAditAtizaya una paramANu ke dvArA apekSaNIya hotA hai aura samAnadezatA se utpAdita atizayoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle paramANu aneka paramANuoM ke dvArA sAdhAraNa rUpa se sAdhya jala lAnA Adi arthakriyA ke kAraNa kaise ho sakate haiM ? yadi atizaya rahita paramANu jala lAnA arthakriyA meM pravRtti kareMge to atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt atizaya rahita bAlU reta ke paramANu bhI jaladhAraNa Adi kriyA ke karane meM samartha ho jAyeMge ataH atizayoM (ghaTAdi hone yogya yogyatA) se rahita paramANu ghaTa Adi vyavahAra ke dhAraka nahIM ho sakate hai| ___kiMca-ghaTAdi ke avayavoM ke ekatva kA jJAna sAMvRtta (kalpita) nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTAdi ke avayavoM ke ekatva kA jJAna vizada hai, indriyajanya hai aura bAdhaka pramANa se rahita hai jisase ki usa avayavI kA ekapanA pAramArthika nahIM ho sakatA ho arthAt pramANa jJAna se avayavI meM ekapanA vastubhUta siddha hai| ataH aMzI (avayavI) kI arthakriyA karane meM sAmarthya mAnanA yukta (ThIka) hI hai, jaise aMza (avayava) apanI yogya kriyA ko karatA hai, ata: arthakriyA karane meM samartha rUpa hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai| tathA-spaSTa (vizada pratyakSa) jJAna ke dvArA saMvedya (jAnane yogya) hone se aMza ke samAna (paramANu ke samAna) aMzI (ghaTAdi skandha) kalpanA se Aropita nahIM haiN| zaMkA : aMza hI spaSTa (vizada pratyakSa) jJAna ke dvArA saMvedya (jAnane yogya) haiM; aMzI spaSTa jJAna se nahIM jAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki aMzI kA pratyakSa jJAna meM pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki cakSu indriyoM ke vyApAra meM (cakSu Adika indriyoM ke viSaya meM) ghaTAdi aMzI kA jJAna hotA hai, arthAt indriya jJAna ke dvArA ghaTa,paTa, kAle, moTe Adi jAne jAte haiM aura indriyoM kA vyApAra nahIM hone para unakA jJAna nahIM hotA hai ata: aMzI indriya pratyakSa haiN|
Page #189
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 176 nanvakSavyApAreMzA eva paramasUkSmAH saMcitAH pratibhAsaMte ta eva spaSTa jJAnavedyAH ke valapratibhAsAnaMtaramAzvevAMzivikalpaH prAdurbhavannakSavyApArabhAvIti lokasya vibhramaH, savikalpAvikalpayorjJAnayorekatvAdhyavasAyAdhugapadvattelaghuvRttervA / yadAMzadarzanaM spaSTaM tadaiva pUrvAMzadarzanajanitAMzivikalpasyAbhAvAt / taduktaM / "manasoyugapavRttessavikalpAvikalpayoH / vimUDho laghuvRttervA tayoraikyaM vyavasyati" iti| tadapyayuktaM / vikalpenAspaSTena sahaikatvAdhyavasAye nirvikalpasyAMzadarzanasyAspaSTatvapratibhAsanAnuSaMgAt / spaSTapratibhAsena darzanenAbhibhUtatvAdvikalpasya spaSTapratibhAsanameveti cet na, azvavikalpagodarzanayoryugapavRttau tata evAzvavikalpasya spssttprtibhaasprsNgaat| zaMkA : indriyoM kA vyApAra hone para atyanta sUkSma paramANu aMza hI ekatrita hue pratibhAsita hote haiM kyoMki ve aMza hI spaSTa (vizada) jJAna ke dvArA jAnane yogya haiM, parantu kevala pratibhAsa ke antara aMzoM kI jJapti zIghra hI aMzI kI kalpanA ko utpanna karatI hai| jisase aMzI kA jJAna indriyoM ke vyApAra se huA hai, aisA jana samudAya ko bhrama hotA hai| __ arthAt indriya vyApAra se aMzoM kA nirvikalpa jJAna hotA hai aura zIghra hI vAsanA ke kAraNa aMzoM meM aMzI kI kalpanA kara lI jAtI hai| ataH bhrAntivaza aMzI ke jJAna ko indriyajanya kaha dete haiN| unako yaha viveka nahIM hai ki-aMzI ko jAnane vAle savikalpa (mithyA) jJAna aura aMza ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpa (samyag) jJAna meM eka sAtha vRtti hone se athavA ghUmate hue cakke ke samAna atizIghratA pUrvaka laghu vRtti hone se aMza aMzI meM ekatva kA adhyavasAya (nizcaya) ho rahA hai ataH jisa samaya aMza kA darzana spaSTa hotA hai, usa samaya pUrvAMza ke dekhane se utpanna aMzI ke vikalpa jJAna kA abhAva ho jAtA hai arthAt vikalpa jJAna to kalpanA se kara liyA jAtA hai| bauddha grantha meM isa prakAra kahA bhI hai ki- "mUrkha jana hI mana kI yugapat (aMzI aura aMza meM eka sAtha) vRtti hone se athavA cakra bhramaNa ke samAna laghu (zIghra) vRtti hone se savikalpa aura nirvikalpa jJAna meM ekatva kA nirNaya kara lete haiN| vastutaH indriyoM se aMzI kA savikalpa jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai ? kyoMki avizada avasturUpa vikalpa jJAna ke sAtha yadi nirvikalpa aMza darzana kA ekatva Aropita kiyA jAyegA to aMza ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpa jJAna ke bhI avizada rUpa se pratibhAsa karane kA prasaMga AyegA, tathA spaSTa pratibhAsaka, nirvikalpa darzana ke dvArA tirobhUta (AcchAdita) vikalpa jJAna kA bhI Aropita spaSTa pratibhAsa ho jaayegaa| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki azva (ghor3e) kA vikalpa jJAna aura gAya kA nirvikalpa darzana ina donoM kI eka sAtha pravRtti hone para azva ke vikalpa kA spaSTa pratibhAsa (vizada nirvikalpa pratyakSa jJAna) hone kA prasaMga AegA arthAt tirobhUta karane vAlA godarzana azva ke vikalpa ko AcchAdita karake usakA nirvikalpa pratibhAsa karA degaa| bauddha kA abhimata hai ki-godarzana aura azva vikalpa kA bhinna viSaya hone se gau ke nirvikalpa darzana ke dvArA azva kA tirobhAva nahIM ho sktaa| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki "ekaviSayatva hone para vikalpa jJAna kA
Page #190
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *177 sAdhyate tatastasya spaSTapratibhAsa iti mataM / naitadapi sAdhIyaH / zabdasvalakSaNadarzanena tatkSaNakSayAnumAnavikalpasyAbhibhavaprasaMgAt / nahi tasya tena yugapadbhAvo nAsti virodhAbhAvAt tatosya spaSTapratibhAsa: syAt / bhinnasAmagrIjanyatvAdanumAnavikalpasya na darzanenAbhibhava iti cet , syAdevaM / yadyabhinnasAmagrIjanyayorvikalpadarzanayorabhibhAvyAbhibhAvakabhAvaH siddhyet niyamAt / na cAsau siddhaH sakalavikalpasya svasaMvedanena spaSTAvabhAsinA pratyakSeNAbhinnasAmagrIjanyenApyabhibhavAbhAvAt / svavikalpavAsanAjanyatvAdvikalpasya pUrvasaMvedanamAtrajanyatvAcca svasaMvedanasya / tayobhinnasAmagrIjanyatvameveti cet / kathamevamaMzadarzanenAMzivikalpasyAbhibhavo nAma tathA dRSTatvAditi cenna, aMzadarzanenAMzivikalpo'bhibhUta nirvikalpa pratyakSa ke dvArA tirobhAva ho jAtA hai aura tirobhUta ho jAne para usa vikalpa jJAna kA vizada rUpa se pratibhAsa hotA hai|" kyA Apa aisA siddha karanA cAhate haiM ? parantu ApakA yaha kathana zreSTha nahIM hai kyoMki zabda svarUpa svalakSaNa ke nirvikalpa jJAna se zabda ke kSaNikatva ko jAnane vAlA anumAna rUpa vikalpa jJAna ke tirobhUta ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki kSaNikatva ko jAnane vAlA vikalpa nirvikalpa ke sAtha nahIM rahatA hai| aisA nahIM samajhanA caahie| kyoMki nirvikalpa aura vikalpa ke yugapat rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| ataH anumAna rUpa vikalpa kA bhI pratibhAsa honA caahie| ... yadi kaho ki bhinna sAmagrIjanya hone se anumAna ke vikalpa kA nirvikalpa darzana ke dvArA tirobhAva nahIM hotA hai, arthAt anumAnarUpa vikalpa kI hetudarzana, vyAptismaraNa, Adi sAmagrI hai aura nirvikalpaka kI arthajanyatA indriyavRtti, Aloka Adi sAmagrI hai ataH bhinna-bhinna sAmagrI se janya hone ke kAraNa kSaNikatva jAnane vAle anumAna rUpa vikalpa ke zabdasvarUpa svalakSaNa ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpaka darzana se tirobhAva nahIM hotA hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA to taba ho sakatA thA ki yadi abhinna sAmagrI se utpanna hue vikalpa jJAna aura nirvikalpaka kA abhibhUta ho jAnA tathA abhibhUta karA denApana niyama se siddha ho jAtA, kintu vaha chipa jAnA, chipAdenApana to siddha nahIM hotA hai arthAt sampUrNa vikalpajJAnoM ko spaSTa rUpa se jAnane vAle aura abhinna sAmagrI se utpanna hue bhI aise svasaMvedana pratyakSa ke dvArA savikalpapanA abhibhava nahIM ho rahA hai arthAt bauddhoM ke yahA~ bhI cAhe nirvikalpaka jJAna ho yA savikalpaka, sabhI samyagjJAna, mithyAjJAnoM kA svasaMvedanapratyakSa ho jAnA mAnA gayA hai| jAnane kI icchA hone para pratyeka vikalpajJAna ko jAnane vAlA svasaMvedanapratyakSa avazya hogaa| svasaMvedanapratyakSa meM spaSTapanA hai vikalpa meM aspaSTapanA hai| aisI dazA meM sabhI vikalpajJAna svasaMvedana ke vaizadyaprabhAva se daba jAveMge apanI vikalpavAsanAoM se utpanna hone se savikalpa ke aura pahale samaya ke kevala zuddha saMvedana se hI utpanna svasaMvedana pratyakSa kI bhinna-bhinna sAmagrI se utpanna hai aisA mAnane para jaina kahate haiM ki isa prakAra to aMza ke darzana se aMzI ke vikalpajJAna kA abhibhava bhalA kaise ho sakegA? kyoMki ve donoM pRthak-pRthak sAmagrI
Page #191
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 178 iti kasyacitpratItyabhAvAt / nanu cApi vikalpaH spaSTAbho'nubhUyate nacAsau yuktastasyAspaSTAvabhAsitvena vyAptatvAt / taduktaM / "na vikalpAnuviddhasya spaSTArthapratibhAsatA" iti / tatosya darzanAbhibhavAdeva spaSTapratibhAso'nyathA tadasaMbhavAditi cenna, vikalpasyAspaSTAvabhAsitvena vyAptyasiddheH / kAmAdyupaplutacetasAM kAminyAdivikalpasya spaSTatvapratIte: sokSaja eva pratibhAso na vikalpaja ityayuktaM, nimIlitAkSasyAndhakArAvRtanayanasya ca tadabhAvaprasaMgAt bhAvanAtizayajanitatvAttasya yogipratyakSatetyasambhAvyaM, bhrAMtatvAt / tato vikalpasyaivAkSajasya mAnasasya vA kasyacitspaSTamatijJAnAvaraNakSayopazamApekSasyAbhrAMtasya bhrAMtasya vA nirbAdhapratItisiddhatvAdavayavivikalpasya svataH spaSTatopapatteH siddhamaMzinaH spaSTajJAnavedyatvamaMzavat se utpanna hote haiM ata: aMzI ke spaSTadarzana ho jAne se aMzI kA vastubhUtapanA siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt aMza ke nirvikalpaka se aMzI ke vikalpajJAna kA chipAyA jAnA dekhA jAtA hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aMza ke darzana se aMzIkA vikalpajJAna chipAyA gayA hai isa prakAra kI pratIti kA abhAva hai| zaMkA : syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ vikalpajJAna jo spaSTa prakAza karatA huA anubhava meM A rahA kahA jAtA hai; kintu yaha kathana yukta nahIM hai kyoMki usa vikalpajJAna kI aspaSTa prakAzIpana ke sAtha vyApti siddha hotI hai| (yAnI jo vikalpajJAna hai vaha avizada rUpa se prakAzaka hai)| hamAre granthoM meM bhI kahA hai ki kalpanAoM se anuviddha vikalpa jJAna ko artha kA spaSTa prakAzapanA nahIM hai ata: vikalpajJAna kA nirvikalpaka se abhibhava ho jAne ke kAraNa hI spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai| anyathA darzana ke prabhAva binA vikalpa meM spaSTatA kA honA asambhava hai| jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vikalpajJAna kI aspaSTa prakAzatva ke sAtha vyApti asiddha hai| bauddha kahate haiM ki kAma, zoka, bhaya, unmattatA Adi se ghire hue cittavAle puruSa ko kAminI, iSTa putra, pizAca, siMha Adika padArthoM ke vikalpajJAnakA spaSTapanA pratIta hotA hai, vaha vikalpa pratibhAsa to indriyajanya hI hai, vikalpajanya nahIM hai| indriyoM se jJAna meM spaSTatA A jAtI hai| jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA yuktiyoM se rahita hai| kyoMki aisA mAnanepara indriya vyApAra ko saMruddha kara athavA A~khoM ko mIMca kara vicAra karane vAle yA gAr3hAndhakAra se DhakI huI A~khavAle puruSako kAminI Adi meM usa vikalpajJAna hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt indriya vyApAra ke binA bhI kAminI Adi ke jJAna meM spaSTatA jhalaka rahI hai| ___bhAvanA jJAna ke camatkAra utpanna ho jAne ke kAraNa usa kAminI Adi ke jJAna ko yogipratyakSapanA mAna lenA to asambhava hai kyoMki kAmapIDita puruSoM ko viyukta avasthA meM kAminI kA jJAna honA yA zokI puruSa ko mRtaka putra kA sanmukha dIkhanA ye saba bhrAnta (viparyayajJAna) haiM tathA atIndriyadarzI yogI ke viparyayajJAna hone kI sambhAvanA kaise ho sakegI ? ata: bahiraMga indriyoM se janya athavA antaraMga mana indriya se janya kisI bhI vikalpajJAna ko spaSTa matijJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama kI apekSA se spaSTapanA prApta hotA hai| (spaSTapanA indriyoM se nahIM AtA hai kintu jJAnAvaraNa ke spaSTa kSayopazama se jJAna meM spaSTatA mAnI gayI hai)| cAhe samIcIna jJAna ho athavA bhrAntajJAna ho donoM meM spaSTapanA apane kAraNarUpa kSayopazama se hI prApta hotA
Page #192
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 179 / tacca na kalpanAropitatveM saMbhavatIti tasyAnAropitatvasiddheH / nanu spaSTajJAnavedyatvaM nAvayavino anAropitatvaM sAdhayati kAminyAdinA spaSTabhAvanAtizayajanitatadvikalpavedyena vyabhicArAditi cenna, spaSTasatyajJAnavedyatvasya hetutvAt / tathA svasaMvedyena sukhAdinAnaikAMta ityapi na maMtavyaM, kalpanAnAropitatvasyAkSajatvasya sAdhyatayAnabhyupagamAt / paramArthasattvasyaiva sAdhyatvAt / nanu paramArthasatovayavinaH spaSTajJAnena vedanaM sarvAvayavavedanapUrvakaM katipayAvayavavedanapUrvakaM vAvayavAvedanapuraHsaraM vA ? na tAvadAdyaH pakSaH sarvadA tadabhAvaprasaMgAt , kiMcijjJasya sarvAvayavavedanAsaMbhavAt / tadavayavAnAmapi sthavIyasAmavayavitvena prakaraNa meM avayavI kA vikalpajJAna bAdhakarahita pratItiyoM se samyagjJAna svarUpa siddha ho rahA hai| usakI spaSTatA bhI svayaM apane Apa ho rahI hai ata: aMzI kA aMza ke samAna spaSTa jJAna se jAnanA siddha hotA hai| yadi aMzI ko kalpanA se Aropita mAna liyA jAya to vaha spaSTa jJAna se jAnanA bhI nahIM ho sktaa| ataH usa aMzI ke vAstavika hone ke kAraNa kalpanAoM se anAropitapanA siddha hai arthAt aMza ke samAna aMzI bhI spaSTa jJAna se vedya hone ke kAraNa kalpanA managaDhanta nahIM hai, apitu aMzI yA avayavI vAstavika padArtha haiN| zaMkA : spaSTajJAna se jJAta hetu avayavI kA anAropitapanA siddha nahIM karA sakatA hai| kyoMki vizada rUpa bhAvanA ke atizaya se utpanna hue una vikalpajJAnoM ke dvArA jAne gaye kAminI, pizAca, Adi se hetu vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : spaSTa jJAna se vedyatva kAminI Adi meM hai parantu vahA~ anAropitapanA nahIM hai| ata: jaise kAminI Adika kalpita haiM, vaise hI avayavI kalpita hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki hamAre hetu ke zarIra meM satyazabda niviSTa hai, vAstavika spaSTapanA satyajJAna meM hI mAnA gayA hai| jo spaSTa rUpa se satyajJAna ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai vaha anAropita (vAstavika) avazya hotA hai; isameM koI vyabhicAra doSa nahIM hai, tathA hamAre hetu kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jAna liye gaye sukha, icchA Adi se vyabhicAra AyegA, yaha bhI nahIM mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki indriyajanya kalpanA anAropitapane ko hamane sAdhya nahIM svIkAra kiyA hai, jisase ki sukha Adi meM sAdhya ke na rahane se hetu vyabhicArI hotA, kintu vAstavika rUpa se vidyamAna ko hI hama sAdhya kaha rahe haiN| zaMkA : jainoM ke dvArA svIkRta vAstavika satrUpa avayavI kA spaSTa jJAna ke dvArA jo vedana hotA hai vaha sampUrNa avayavoM kA pahale jJAna hokara pazcAt utpanna hotA hai ? athavA kitane hI avayavoM ko pahale jAnakara pIche pUre avayavI kA jJAna hotA hai ? yA pUrva meM kisI bhI avayava ko na jAnakara jhaTa avayavI kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| ina tIna pakSoM meM se pahale Adi kA pakSa grahaNa karanA to ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para sadA hI usa avayavI ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| sarvajJa ke hI sampUrNa sUkSma, sthUla, avayavoM kA jJAna honA bana sakatA hai| alpajJa ke sampUrNa avayavoM kA jJAna honA asambhava hai| una ghaTa, paTa, Adika
Page #193
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 180 sakalAvayavavedanapuraHsaratve tasya paramANunAmavayavAnAmavedanena tadArabdhazatANukAdInAM vedanAnuSaMgAdabhimataparvatAderapi vedanAnupapatteH / etena dvitIyapakSopAkRtaH, katipayaparamANuvedane tadavedanAnupapatteravizeSAt / tRtIyapakSe tu sakalAvayavazUnye dezevayavivedanaprasaMgastato nAvayavinaH spaSTajJAnena vittiH / yataH spaSTajJAnavedyatvaM tattvata: siddhyet / ityapi pratItiviruddhaM, sarvasya hi sthavIyAnartha: sphuTataramavabhAsata iti prtiitiH|| avayaviyoM ke kapAla, tantu Adika avayava bhI to atIva sthUla hone ke kAraNa avayavI haiM ataH una avayavarUpa avayaviyoM kA jJAna bhI pahale sampUrNa kapAlikA, choTe tantu Adi sampUrNa avayavoM kA jJAna ho jAne para hI hogaa| isa prakAra SaDaNuka, paJcANuka Adi ke krama se paramANu rUpa avayavoM taka vedana ke dvArA pahu~canA pdd'egaa| anta meM prApta hue paramANu rUpa avayavoM kA jJAna nahIM hone ke kAraNa unase milAkara banAye gaye paramANuoM ke zatANuka AdikoM kA jJAna na ho skegaa| isa prasaMga kI Apatti hone se abhISTa bar3e parvata, samudra Adika avayaviyoM kA bhI jJAna honA na bana sakegA arthAt paramANuoM kA jJAna na hone se vyaNuka kA aura vyaNuka kA na hone se tryaNuka kA bhI jJAna na ho skegaa| isa prakAra kAraNabhUta nIce ke avayavoM kA jJAna na hone se kAryarUpa Upara ke mahAavayavI kA jJAna na ho skegaa| isa kathana se jainoM ke dUsare pakSa kA bhI khaNDana ho jAtA hai| dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra kitane hI eka paramANuoM kA asmadAdika hama logoM ko jJAna hotA nahIM hai ata: kisI bhI avayavI kA jJAna honA bana nahIM sktaa| pahale aura dUsare pakSa meM kacha paramANaoM kA jJAna karanA to Avazyaka hai, kintu jaina matAnusAra paramANuoM kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| ataH, unase bane hue avayavI kA jJAna na ho sakane rUpa doSa donoM pakSoM meM samAnarUpa se lAgU ho jAtA hai; koI antara nahIM hai| tIsarA pakSa grahaNa karane para to sampUrNa avayavoM se rahita deza meM avayavI ke jJAna hone kA prasaMga hogA arthAt avayavoM kA sarvathA jJAna hue binA hI jaba avayavI kA jJAna hone lagegA to jahA~ ghaTa, paTa Adika kA aMzamAtra bhI nahIM hai, vahA~ bhI ghaTa,paTa, parvata Adika kA jJAna ho jAnA cAhie ata: jainoM ke yahA~ avayavI kI spaSTa jJAna dvArA pratIti nahIM ho sakatI hai| jisase ki spaSTa jJAna se jJAta hetu vAstavika rUpa se siddha hove| yAnI avayavI ko vAstavika siddha karane ke lie jainoM ke dvArA kahA gayA spaSTajJAna vedyapanA hetu avayavI meM na rahane ke kAraNa asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai| aba jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki bauddha kA yaha kathana lokaprasiddha pratibhAsita pratItiyoM se viruddha par3atA hai, kyoMki atIva sthUla, ghaTa, paTa, parvata Adi artha adhika spaSTapane se pratibhAsita ho rahe haiN| yaha pratIti saba jIvoM ko nizcaya se ho rahI hai ataH bheda athavA saMghAta yA ubhaya se utpanna hue sthUla avayavI kA spaSTa jJAna honA pratIti siddha hai| bauddha kahatA hai ki adhika sthUla AkAra ko dikhalAne vAlI yaha indriyajanya jJapti bhrAntirUpa hai| ___jaise ki aneka dhAnyoM ke samudAya ko eka rAzi mAna lenA viparyayajJAna hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para indriyoM se utpanna nirvikalpa pratyakSa jJAna bhrAntirahita siddha hovegaa| paraspara ati pratyAsanna
Page #194
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 181 bhrAMtiriMdriyajeyaM cetsthaviSThAkAradarzinI / kvAbhrAMtamiMdriyajJAnaM pratyakSamiti siddhyatu // 9 // pratyAsanneSvayukteSu paramANuSu cenna te / kadAcitkasyacidbuddhigocarAH paramAtmavat // 10 // sarvadA sarvathA sarvasyeMdriyabudhyagocarAn paramANUnasaMspRSTAn svayamupayaMstatraMdriyajaM pratyakSamabhrAMtaM kathaM bruyAt , yatastasya sthaviSThAkAradarzanaM bhrAMtaM siddhyet / kayAcit pratyAsattyA tAniMdriyabuddhiviSayAnicchat kathamavayavivedanamapAkurvIta sarvasyAvayavyAraMbhaka paramANUnAM kAtya'to'nyathA vA vedanasiddhestadvedanapUrvakAvayavivedanopapatteH sahAvayavAvayavivedanopapattervA niyamAbhAvAt / yadi punarna paramANava: kathaMcitkasyacidiMdriyabuddhergocarA nApyavayavI / na ca tatraMdriyajaM pratyakSamabhrAMtaM sarvamAlaMbate, bhraaNtmitivcnaat| parantu eka dUsare se asaMyukta aise aneka sUkSma paramANuoM meM indriyoM se utpanna jJAna abhrAnta pratyakSa hai| aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki atIndriya hone ke kAraNa paramazuddha AtmA kA kabhI kisI ko jaise indriya janya jJAna gocara nahIM hotA hai, vaise hI ve sUkSma atIndriya paramANu bhI kabhI kisI bhI jIva ke buddhi ke gocara nahIM ho sakate, arthAt jJAna kA viSaya nahIM ho skte||9-10|| paraspara abaddha paramANu sadA sarva prakAra se sabhI jIvoM ke indriyajanya viSaya nahIM hote haiM, aisA svayaM svIkAra karane vAlA manuSya una paramANuoM meM indriyoM se utpanna hue pratyakSajJAna ko abhrAnta kaise kaha sakatA hai? jisase ki una bauddhoM ke yahA~ atyanta sthUla AkAravAle avayavI kA dIkhanA bhrAnta siddha ho ske| yadi bauddha kisI sambandha vizeSa se una paramANuoM kA indriyajanya jJAna meM viSaya par3a jAnA svIkAra karate haiM, taba to sthUla avayavI ke pratyakSa hone kA khaNDana kaise kara sakate haiM ? sabhI vAdiyoM ke yahA~ avayavI ko banAne vAle paramANuoM kA sampUrNarUpa se athavA anumAna dvArA dUsare prakAra se jJAna honA siddha hai| pahale una paramANurUpa avayavoM kA jJAna karake pIche avayavI kA jJAna honA siddha ho jAtA hai| athavA eka sAtha bhI avayava aura avayavI kA jJAna ho sakatA hai| koI ekAnta rUpa se niyama nahIM hai arthAt indriyagocara avayavoM kA jJAna hokara pIche avayavI kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, jaise ki tantuoM ko dekhakara paTa kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| tathA avayava aura avayavI donoM kA jJAna eka sAtha bhI ho sakatA hai (syAdvAdiyoM ke jaina siddhAnta meM avayava aura avayavI ke pratyakSa karane meM naiyAyika yA sAMkhyoM ke samAna ekAntavAda nahIM hai)| yadi phira paramANu kisI bhI prakAra kisI ke bhI indriyajanya jJAna ke viSaya nahIM haiM aura avayavI bhI kisI ke jJAna se nahIM jAnA jAtA hai tathA unameM utpanna huA indriyajanya bhrAnti rahita pratyakSa jJAna bhI ThIka ThIka sabhI viSayoM ko Alambana nahIM karatA hai kyoMki bahiraMga viSayoM ko jAnane vAle sampUrNa jJAna bhrAnta haiM, aisA hamAre zAstroM kA kathana hai| sabhI jJAnoM kA viSayabhUta koI Alambana kAraNa nahIM hai jisako ki jJAna dvArA jAnA jaaye| isa prakAra yogAcAra yA vaibhASika bauddhoM kA kathana ho to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM ne pratyakSa kA lakSaNa kalpanA bhrAnti se rahita svIkAra kiyA hai, vaha vacana vyartha hI ho jAvegA kyoMki apane vicArAnasAra to kisI bhI pratyakSa jJAna kA honA sambhava nahIM hai| sautrAntika bauddhoM ne indriya pratyakSa, 1. buddhyagocara-yaha pATha zuddha pratIta hotA hai|
Page #195
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 182 sarvajJAnAnAmanAlaMbanatvAditi matistadA pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhamabhrAMtamiti vaco'narthakameva syAt ksycitprtyksssyaabhaavaat|| svasaMvedanamevaikaM pratyakSaM yadi tttvtH| siddhiraMzAMzirUpasya cetanasya tato na kim|| 11 // yatheMdriyajasya bahiHpratyakSasya tattvato'sadbhAvastathA mAnasasya yogijJAnasya ca svarUpamAtraparyavasitatvAt tataH svasaMvedanamekaM pratyakSamiticet siddhaM tarhi cetanAtattvamaMzAMzisvarUpaM svasaMvedanAttasyaiva pratIyamAnatvAt / na hi sukhanIlAdyAbhAsAMzA eva pratIyate svazarIravyApina: sukhAdisaMvedanasya mahato'nubhavAt nIlAdyAbhAsasya ceMdranIlAdeH pracayAtmanaH pratibhAsanAt // vijJAnapracayopyeSa bhrAMtazcet kimavibhramam / svasaMvedanamadhyakSaM jJAnANorapravedanAt // 12 // anumAna pratyakSa, yogI pratyakSa, svasaMvedana pratyakSa, isa prakAra cAra pratyakSa mAne haiM kintu ye cAroM hI apane viSayoM ko jAnate hue Alambana sahita haiN| yadi vijJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddha anya pratyakSoM ko na mAnakara kevala svasaMvedana ko hI vAstavika rUpa se eka pratyakSa svIkAra kareMge, taba to usa svasaMvedana pratyakSa se aMza aura aMzIsvarUpa cetana AtmA kI siddhi kyoM nahIM hogI ? arthAt svasaMvedana pratyakSa to sthUla sAMza AtmA ko siddha kara detA hai||11|| bauddha kahate haiM ki jaise pA~ca indriyoM se utpanna bahiraMga pratyakSa kI paramArtharUpa se sattA siddha nahIM hai, usI prakAra aMtaraMga manojanya mAnasa pratyakSa kI aura yogiyoM ke atIndriya pratyakSa kI bhI svarUpa mAtra se avasthita hone se sattA siddha nahIM hai aisA nahIM hai apitu unakI sattA siddha hai kyoMki koI bhI bahiraMga jJeya padArtha vastubhUta nahIM hai| kevala vijJAna paramANu hI paramArthasvarUpa hai| ata: hama yogAcAra mata meM kevala sva ko jAnane vAle eka svasaMvedana ko hI pratyakSa mAnate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para to aza aura azI svarUpa cetanA (jJAna) tattva siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki svasaMvedana pratyakSa se dharma-dharmI rUpa cetanA kI hI pratIti hotI hai| antaraMga sukha, icchA, Adi ko aura bahiraMga nIla, pIta Adi ko prakAza karane vAle kevala aMza hI pratIta nahIM hai kintu sAtha meM apane zarIra meM vyApaka rUpa se rahane vAle mahAn sukha Adi aMzI ke saMvedana kA bhI anubhava hotA hai, jaise indra nIlamaNi, mANikya, Adi ke aneka pradezoM kA samudAya rUpa nIla, rakta, Adi prakAzoM kA pratibhAsa hotA hai ata: bahiraMga aura antaraMga padArthoM ke jJAnoM meM aMzIpanA bhI svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jAnA jAtA hai| yadi bauddha kaheM ki vijJAnoM kA pradeza samudAya rUpa mahAn prakAza bhI bhrAntarUpa hai, arthAt ghaTa, paTa AtmA Adi padArthoM kA mahAnpanA jaise korA kalpita hai, vAstavika nahIM hai vaise hI vijJAna ke prakAza kA mahAnpanA bhI bhrAnta hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki kaunasA svasaMvedana pratyakSa pramANa rUpa abhrAntasiddha hai ? sabhI svasaMvedana to aMza aMzIrUpa hokara anubhUta ho rahe haiN| kahIM bhI pramANa jJAna ke prasiddha hone para dUsare sthala meM vastu ke nahIM hone para bhrAntajJAna mAnA jAtA hai, sarvatra bhrAnti hone para to pramANa kI vyavasthA nahIM banatI hai| bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta paramANuoM kA jJAna to hotA nahIM hai| ataH svasaMvedana ko aura usase jAnane yogya vijJAna ko vastubhUta kaise siddha kara sakeMge ? // 12 //
Page #196
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 183 na hi svasaMvidiM pratibhAsamAnasya vijJAnapracayasya bhrAMtatAyAM kiMcitsvasaMvedanamabhrAMtaM nAma yatastadeva pratyakSaM siddhyet / vijJAnaparamANoH saMvedanaM taditicet na, tasya sarvadApyapravedanAt / sarvasya grAhyamrAhakAtmanaH saMvedanasya siddheH / syAnmataM / na buddhyA kazcidanubhAvyo bhinnakAlosti suprasiddhabhinnakAlAnanubhAvyavat / svasaMvedana pratyakSa meM spaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsamAna aMzIrUpa vijJAna samudAya ko bhrAnta mAnane para koI bhI svasaMvedana pratyakSa bhrAMtirahita pramANAtmaka kaise ho sakatA hai jisase ki yogAcAra ke dvArA mAnA gayA vaha svasaMvedana hI eka pratyakSa pramANa siddha ho ske| kSaNika vijJAna ke paramANu kA svakIya jJAna honA hI vaha svasaMvedana pratyakSa hai| yaha bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai| usa vijJAna ke paramANu kA saba kAloM meM vedana nahIM hotA hai kyoMki sabhI jIvoM ko yahA~ grAhya aura grAhakarUpa saMvedana kI siddhi ho rahI hai| zaMkA : uttara kSaNa meM jJAna ko utpanna karane vAlA pUrvakSaNavartI bhinna kAla meM rahane vAlA koI bhI padArtha buddhi ke dvArA anubhava karane yogya nahIM hai| jaise ki suprasiddha ciraMtara bhUta yA bhaviSyat bhinna kAloM meM rahane vAle padArtha vartamAna buddhi ke jJeya nahIM haiM, vaise hI avyavahita, pUrva samaya meM rahane vAlA janaka padArtha bhI buddhi kA jJeya nahIM hai (buddhi svayaM buddhi ko hI jAnatI rahatI hai, anya ko nhiiN)| yadi usa pUrva samayavartI viSaya ko buddhi kA kAraNapanA hone se usake dvArA jJeyapanA siddha karoge to cakSu, puNya-pApa, Adi se vyabhicAra doSa AyegA kyoMki cakSu, puNya, pApa ye vijJAna ke kAraNa haiM kintu inase utpanna huA jJAna atIndriya cakSu aura karmoM ke kSayopazama ko nahIM jAna sktaa| . ataH jJAna kA kAraNabhUta viSaya tajjanyajJAna se jAnA hI jAtA hai, yaha vyApti banAnA ucita nahIM hai| isa doSa ko dUra karane ke lie tajanya ke sAtha apane AkAra ko dene meM samartha jJeya yadi sautrAntika ke dvArA mAnA jAvegA arthAt indriyA~ adRSTajJAna kI janaka avazya haiM, kintu jJAna meM apane AkAroM kA samarpaNa nahIM karatI haiM ata: jJAna inako nahIM jAnatA hai| ghaTa, paTa Adika viSaya to apane AkAroM ko jJAna ke lie arpaNa kara dete haiM, ataH jJAna una ghaTa Adi ko jAna letA hai| isa prakAra apane AkAra ko sauMpa dene kI sAmarthya se vaha anubhAvyapaMnA yadi siddha karate haiM, to samAna artha ke avyavahita uttara kAlavartI jJAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai, arthAt uttara kAlavartI padArtha bhI AkAra ko arpaNa karane se anubhAvya ho jAyeMge ataH siddha hotA hai ki tajjanyapanA, tadAkArapanA aura tadadhyavasAyapanA ye tInoM milakara bhI buddhi ke dvArA anubhAvyapane kA niyama nahIM karA sakate haiN| vAstava meM vicArA jAya to kisI bhI kSaNika paramANurUpa vijJAna meM usa buddhi kA kAraNapanA, AkAra denApanA aura nirNaya karAnApana Adi saba kArya asiddha hI haiM ataH viSayaviSayIbhAva vAstavika nahIM hai| kevala buddhi (vijJAna) hI eka padArtha hai| buddhi ke Age pIche rahane vAle bhinnakAlIna padArtha usa buddhi ke dvArA anubhava karAne yogya nahIM haiN| kyoMki samAna kAla meM rahane vAle donoM padArtha apane-apane kAraNoM se utpanna hokara vartamAna meM svatantra haiN| aisI dazA meM kisako viSayarUpa kAraNa kahA jAya aura kisako viSayI rUpa kArya kahA jAya ? kArya ko karate samaya eka (kAraNa) svataMtra ho aura dUsarA (kArya) paratantra ho, taba kAryakAraNa bhAva ho sakatA hai| sautrAntikoM ne jJApyajJApaka bhAva meM bhI yahI vyavasthA mAnI hai|
Page #197
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 184 tasya hetutvenApyanubhAvyatvasAdhane nayanAdinAnekAMtAt / svAkArArpaNakSameNApi tena tatsAdhane samAnArthasamanaMtarapratyayena vyabhicArAt tenAdhyavasAyasahitenApi tatsAdhane bhraaNtjnyaansmnNtrprtyyenaanekaaNtaat| tattvataH kasyacittatkAraNatvAdyasiddhezca / nApi samAnakAlastasya svataMtratvAt, yogyatAvizeSasyApi tadvyatiriktasyAsaMbhavAt tasyApyanubhAvyatvAsiddheH / pareNa yogyatAvizeSeNAnubhAvyatvenavasthAnAt, prakArAMtarAsaMbhavAcca / nApi buddhAhakatvena paronubhavosti, sarvathAnubhAvyavadanubhAvakasyAsaMbhave tadaghaTanAt / kintu svatantra donoM ke eka kAla meM vidyamAna hone para anubhAvya anubhAvaka bhAva nahIM bana sakatA hai| yadi samAna kAla vAle padArthoM meM bhI kisI dUsare yogyatA vizeSa se anubhAvyapanA mAnA jAvegA to usa yogyatA vizeSa kA bhI usa zuddha jJAna se atirikta honA asambhava hai ata: usa yogyatA vizeSa ko bhI anubhAvyapanA asiddha hai| yadi isa yogyatA vizeSako dUsare yogyatAvizeSa se anubhAvyapanA mAnA jAvegA taba to anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt buddhi meM hI anubhAvakapane kI yogyatA hai, viSaya meM nahIM aura viSaya meM anubhAvyapane kI yogyatA hai, buddhi meM nhiiN| isake niyama karAne ke lie puna: dUsarI yogyatA kI AvazyakatA par3egI, isa prakAra dUsarI yogyatA kI vyavasthA karane ke lie tIsarI vizeSa yogyatA kI AvazyakatA bar3hatI jaayegii| yaha anavasthA doSa huaa| yaha prakArAntara saMbhava bhI nahIM hai vizeSa yaha hai ki zuddha dvaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ jaba buddhi se atirikta koI bhinnakAla yA samakAla meM rahane vAlA padArtha hI nahIM mAnA gayA hai to buddhi se nirAlA anubhava karAne yogya kauna ho sakatA hai ? ataH usa yogyatAvizeSa kI bhI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| buddhi ke grAhakatva se atirikta koI dUsarA anubhava bhI nahIM hai| sarvathA anubhAvya padArtha ke samAna anubhava karane vAle jJAna ke asambhava ho jAne para vaha anubhava honA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai (arthAt do padArthoM meM anubhAvya aura anubhAvakapanA ghaTita hotA hai, akele zuddha jJAna meM anubhAvaka dvArA anubhAvya kA anubhava hotA hai, isa prakAra karaNa, karma aura kriyA kA vivecana asambhava hai)| ata: akelI zuddha buddhi hI svayaM prakAzamAna hotI rahatI hai| kyoMki vaha grAhya aura grAhakatva se rahita hai| syAdvAda meM svIkRta jJAna meM grAhya aMza aura grAhaka aMza hamako iSTa nahIM hai| so hI kahA hai ki buddhi ke dvArA usase bhinna padArtha anubhava karAne yogya nahIM hai, tathA buddhi se bhinna usakA phala koI anubhava bhI nahIM hai| grAhyabhAva aura grAhaka bhAvoM se sarvathA rahita hone se buddhi svayaM hI akelI prakAzita rahatI hai (mUla grantha meM buddhi kA vizeSaNa grAhyagrAhaka viveka hai| yahA~ viveka zabda vicArane artha meM prasiddha vicaSTra dhAtu se banAyA jAtA hai| taba to jainoM ke samAna sautrAntika paNDita buddhi meM grAhyagrAhaka aMzoM ko svIkAra kara lete haiM, kintu pRthagbhAva artha ko kahane vAlI 'vicir' dhAtu se viveka zabda ko banAkara vaibhASika bauddha buddhi meM grAhya grAhaka aMzoM kA abhAva mAnate haiN)| jainAcArya jJAna ko sAMza siddha karane ke lie kahate haiN| bauddhoM kI kArikA meM se hI eva ke sthAnoM meM na ko rakhakara eka akSara kA parivartana kara AcArya bauddhamata ke nirAkaraNa karane ke lie sArtha vArtika kahate haiM ki buddhi ke dvArA koI jJeyarUpa anubhAvya nahIM hai aura buddhi ko koI pRthak anubhava rUpI phala nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM grAhyagrAhaka bhAvoM se rikta hone ke kAraNa vaha buddhi svayaM kabhI prakAzamAna nahIM ho sakatI ha kintu tInoM aMzoM se tadAtmaka buddhi sadA prakAzita rahatI hai|
Page #198
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 185 tato buddhireva svayaM prakAzate grAhyagrAhakavaidhuryAt / taduktaM / "nAnyonubhAvyo buddhyAsti tasyA naanubhvo'prH| grAhyagrAhakavaidhuryAtsvayaM saiva prakAzate // " iti // atrocyate;nAnyonubhAvyo buddhyAsti tasyA naanubhvoprH| grAhyagrAhakavaidhuryAtsvayaM sA na prakAzate // 13 // na hi buddhyAnyonubhAvyo nAsti saMtAnAMtarasyAnanubhAvyatvAnuSaMgAt / kutazcidavasthiterayogAt / tadupagame ca kutaH svasaMtAnasiddhiH ? pUrvottarakSaNAnAM bhAvatonanubhAvyatvAt / syAdAkUtaM / yathA vartamAnabuddhiH svarUpameva vedayate na pUrvAmuttarAM vA buddhiM saMtAnAMtaraM bahirarthaM vA / tathAtItAnAgatA ca buddhistataH svasaMviditaH svasaMtAnaH svasaMviditakramavartyanekabuddhikSaNAtmakatvAditi / tadasat / vartamAnayA buddhyA pUrvottarabuddhyoravedanAt svarUpamAtraveditvAnizcayAt / te cAnumAnabuddhyA vedyate / svarUpamAtravedinyAvityapyasAraM / Aja taka kisI ko bhI grAhya, gAhaka, grahIti aMzoM se rahita buddhi kA pratibhAsa nahIM huA hai| ata: buddhi ke dvArA anubhAvya (grAhya) kA prakAza grahIti honA mAna lenA cAhie arthAt buddhi se jAnane yogya padArtha pRthak hai| unakA anubhava bhI buddhi se kathaMcit bhinna hai| grAhya grAhaka svabhAvoM se sahita buddhi sadA prakAzita hotI hai|||13|| - buddhi ke dvArA koI anya viSaya anubhava karAne yogya nahIM hai, yaha nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki aisA mAnane para santAna se atirikta dUsarI santAnoM ko anubhava meM nahIM prApta hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| buddhi ke atirikta kisI bhI anya upAya se dUsare saMtAnoM kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai| buddhi ke dvArA anya santAnoM ko nahIM jAnane yogyapane ko svIkAra karane para sva saMtAna kI siddhi bhI kaise ho sakatI hai ? kyoMki anya saMtAnoM ke samAna apane saMtAna ke pUrvottara kSaNoM meM hone vAle kSaNika pariNAmoM ko bhI vAstavika rUpa se anubhAvyapanA nahIM hai arthAt buddhi svakIya pUrvottara kSaNavartI pariNAmoM (paryAyoM) ko prakAzita nahIM karatI hai isalie buddhi ke dvArA jJeya na hone ke kAraNa anya saMtAnoM kA jaise abhAva kara diyA jAtA hai, vaise svasaMtAna kA bhI abhAva ho jAyegA aura na eka samayavartI paryAya hI siddha ho skegii| ___ zaMkA : jaise vartamAna kAlIna buddhi svasvarUpa kA hI vedana karatI hai, pUrvottara kSaNavartI svakIya buddhi rUpa pariNAmoM (paryAyoM) kA tathA anya saMtAnoM kA athavA ghaTa, paTa Adi bahiraMga arthoM kA jJAna nahIM karAtI hai (kyoMki jJeya padArthoM ke kAla meM jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai aura jJAna kAla meM jJeya nahIM rahate haiN)| isI prakAra bhUta aura bhAvI kAla meM pariNata buddhi svakIya kSaNavartI svarUpa ko hI jAna sakatI hai| ___isalie svakIya jJAna dhArA rUpa santAna to svasaMvedana ke dvArA jAnane yogya hai kyoMki vaha svasaMtAna svasaMvedana se jJAta aura krama-krama se hone vAle buddhi ke kSaNika pariNAmoM kA samudAya hai ataH apanI jJAnadhArA to buddhi ke dvArA anubhAvya hai| samAdhAna : isa prakAra bauddha ke dvArA svaMsatAna kI siddhi kara dene para jainAcArya kahate haiM-bauddhoM kA yaha kathana prazaMsanIya nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vartamAna kAlIna buddhi ke dvArA pUrvottara kSaNavartI buddhi kSaNoM kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| vaha buddhi kevala svarUpa ko hI jAnatI hai isakA nizcaya nahIM hai arthAt kSaNasamayavartI buddhi dvArA svakIya vedana jAnane yogya hai, aisA kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai ? anumAna rUpI buddhi ke dvArA pUrvottara kSaNavartI buddhi kSaNoM kA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai| aura vaha
Page #199
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 186 sNtaanaaNtrsiddhiprsNgaat| tathA ca saMtAnAMtaraM svasaMtAnazcAnumAnabuddhyAnubhAvyo na punarbahirartha iti kuto vibhAga: sarvathAvizeSAbhAvAt / vivAdApannA bahirarthabuddhiranAlaMbanA buddhitvAt svapnAdibuddhivadityanumAnAdahirarthonanubhAvyo buddhyA siddhyati na punaH saMtAnAMtaraM / svasaMtAnazceti na buddhyAmahe, svapnasaMtAnAMtarasvasaMtAnabuddheranAlaMbanatvadarzanAdanyathApi tathAtvasAdhanasya kartuM zakyatvAt / bahirarthagrAhyatAdUSaNasya ca saMtAnAMtaragrAhyatAyAM samAnatvAt tasyAstatra kathaMcidUSaNatve bahirarthagrAhyatAyAmapyadUSaNatvAt kathaM tatastatpratikSepa ityastyeva buddhyAnubhAvyaH / etena buddherbuddhyaMtareNAnubhavopi parostIti nizcitaM tato na grAhyagrAhakavaidhuryAt svayaM buddhireva prakAzate / mAbhUt saMtAnAMtarasya svasaMtAnasya vA kSaNika buddhi kevala sva ko hI jAnatI hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kathana bhI nissAra hai kyoMki isa prakAra mAnane para svasaMtAna ke samAna anya saMtAnoM ke bhI siddhi hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| tathA anumAna jJAna se anya saMtAna aura svasaMtAna ko anubhava karAne yogya svIkAra kiyA jAya aura bahiraMga artha ko jJeya nahIM mAnA jAya, isa prakAra kA vibhAga kaise kiyA jA sakatA haiM ? kyoMki svasantAna, para saMtAna aura bAhya jJeya padArthoM meM anumAna se jAnane kI yogyatA meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| bauddha kahate haiM "vivAda meM prApta huI bahiraMga arthoM ko jAnane vAlI buddhi svakIya jAnane yogya viSaya rUpa Alambana se rahita hai (saadhy)| kyoMki vaha buddhi hai (hetu), jaise svapnAvasthA meM hone vAlI buddhi apane viSayabhUta arthoM se rahita hai| isa anumAna se bahiraMga artha to buddhi dvArA anubhava meM nahIM Ane yogya siddha kiyA jAtA hai kintu dUsare saMtAna aura pUrvottara kSaNa meM hone vAlI svasaMtAna ko jAnane vAlI buddhiyA~ Alambana rahita haiM aisA nahIM kahA jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate ki hama nahIM samajhate haiM ki aisI pakSapAta kI kRti meM kyA rahasya haiM ? kyoMki svapna, anya santAna aura sva saMtAna ko jAnane vAlI buddhi ke nirviSayapanA dRSTigocara hone se anya jAgRta Adi avasthA meM bhI vastubhUta sva para saMtAnoM ke jJAna ko bhI usI prakAra nirviSayapanA siddha karanA zakya ho sakatA hai, tathA bahiraMga artha kI grAhyatA meM diye gaye dUSaNa kA santAnAntara ke grAhyapane meM bhI samAnatA hai arthAt santAnAntara ke jAnane meM bhI dUSaNa AtA hai| kyoMki jaise kSaNika buddhi kevala apane svarUpa ko hI jAnatI hai bahiraMga artha ko nahIM jAnatI hai, isalie bahirartha kA grAhyapanA yadi kathaMcit dUSaNa sahita hai to vaha saMtAnAntara bhI to bahirbhUta artha hai| yadi usa santAnAntara ke grAhyapane meM usa bahirartha kI grAhyatA meM dUSaNa nahIM hai to bahirartha kI grAhyatA meM bhI buddhi se bahirbhUta artha kA jAna lenA bhI dUSita nahIM hogaa| tathA aisA hone para nIla paramANu Adi bahirbhUta arthoM kA nirAkaraNa Apa kaise kara sakeMge ? arthAt nahIM kara sakate ata: buddhi ke dvArA santAnAntara yA bahirbhUta artha avazya hI anubhava karAne yogya haiN| isa prakAra bauddha kathita kArikA ke "nAnyo'nubhAvyo buddhyAsti' isa prathama pAda kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| isa pUrvokta kathana se yaha bhI nizcita ho cukA hai ki dUsarI buddhi se prakRva buddhi kA anubhava bhI pRthak hai arthAt svayaM buddhi se apanA anubhava bhI kathaMcit bhinna hai, jaise agni kI dAhakatva zakti se dAha
Page #200
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 187 vyvsthitirbhirrthvtsNvednaa| dvaitasya grAhyagrAhakAkAravivekena svayaM prakAzanAdityaparaH / tasyApi santAnAntarAdyabhAvo'nubhAvyaH , saMvedanasya syAdanyathA tsyaadvysyaaprsiddhH| svAnubhavanameva saMtAnAMtarAdyabhAvAnubhavanaM saMvedanasyeti ca na subhASitaM, svarUpamAtrasaMvedanasyaivAsiddhiH / na hi kSaNikAnaMzasvabhAvaM saMvedanamanubhUyate, spaSTatayAnubhavanasyaiva kssnniktvaat| kSaNikaM vedanamanubhUyata eveti cet na, ekakSaNasthAyitvasyAkSaNikatvasyAbhidhAnAt / atha spaSTAnubhavanamevaikakSaNasthAyitvaM anekakSaNasthAyitve tadvirodhAt / tatra tadavirodhe vaanaadynNtspssttaanubhvprsNgaat| tathA cedAnIM spaSTaM vedanamanubhavAmIti pratItirna pariNAma kathaMcit bhinna hai| usI prakAra karaNa svarUpa buddhi se bhAva rUpa anubhava kisI apekSA bhinna hai ata: grAhya aura grAhaka aMzoM se riktapane svarUpa se svayaM buddhi hI prakAzita hotI hai, aisA nahIM hai| isakA sArAMza yaha hai ki viSaya ke sAtha buddhi svayaM apane ko bhI usI samaya jAna letI hai| isalie saMvedya, saMvedaka aura saMvedana tInoM aMza eka sAtha jJAna (buddhi) meM pratibimbita hote haiN| apara (zuddha saMvedanAdvaitavAdI) kahate haiM ki bahiraMga artha ke samAna anya saMtAnoM kI aura apane saMtAnoM kI bhI vyavasthA bhale hI nahIM hove, yaha hamako iSTa hai, honA iSTa nahIM hai| kyoMki grAhya grAhaka bhAva ke AkAroM se pRthagbhAva karake akele saMvedanAdvaita kA svayaM prakAza ho rahA hai| arthAt "vicir pRthagbhAve' vicir dhAtu se niSpanna viveka zabda kA artha pRthagbhAva hai aura "vicila vicAraNe' dhAtu se niSpanna viveka zabda kA artha jAnanA hai ata: yahA~ pRthagbhAva artha iSTa hai| . jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa bauddha siddhAnta ke bhI anya saMtAna, Adi kA abhAva to saMvedana ke dvArA avazya anubhava karAne yogya hai anyathA (yadi santAnAntara Adi ke abhAva ko yadi jJeya nahIM mAnA jAegA to) santAnAntara Adi kI sattA siddha ho jAne se advaita kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| . apane svarUpa kA anubhava karanA hI saMvedana kA santAnAntara Adi ke abhAva kA anubhava karanA hai arthAt-saMvedana se abhAva koI bhinna padArtha nahIM hai-jo ki anubhAvya ho| saMvedanAdvaita kA yaha kathana bhI subhASita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para kevala svarUpa kA vedana karane vAle saMvedana kI siddhi bhI nahIM hai aura na kSaNika niraMza svabhAva vAle saMvedana kA anubhava bhI hotA hai| ___spaSTa jJAna kSaNika padArtha kA hI hotA hai| spaSTa rUpa se apanA anubhava ho jAnA hI kSaNikapanA hai, isalie eka kSaNavartI advaita saMvedana kA anubhava ho rahA hai aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki eka kSaNa sthita rahane kA artha hI akSaNikatva kA abhidhAna hai arthAt eka kSaNa sthita ko hI akSaNika kahate haiN| kSaNavartI jJAna, padArtha, saMvedana Adi bauddhamata kA khaNDana ___athavA spaSTa kA anubhava honA hI eka kSaNa sthAyitva hai| usa jJAna ko aneka kSaNa sthAyI mAnanA viruddha hai| yadi puna: aneka kSaNa sthAyI kA bhI spaSTa anubhava hone meM virodha nahIM mAnoge to anAdikAla se ananta kAla taka ke jJAna kSaNoM kA spaSTa rUpa se anubhava hone kA prasaMga AyegA, arthAt sabhI trikAladarzI ho jAyeMge, tathA isa samaya maiM kSaNa mAtra sthita spaSTa saMvedana kA anubhava kara rahA hU~, isa prakAra kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra bauddha kA kathana bhI asat hai (prazaMsanIya nahIM hai) kyoMki yadi jJAna ko
Page #201
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*188 syAditimataM / tadasat / kSaNikatve vedanasyedAnImanubhavAmIti pratItau pUrvaM pazcAcca tathA pratItivirodhAt / tadavirodhe vA kathamanAdyanaMtarasaMvedanasiddhirna bhavet / sarvadedAnImanubhavAmIti pratItireva hi nityatA saiva ca vartamAnatA tathApratItevicchedAbhAvAt / tato na kSaNikasaMvedanasiddhiH / idAnImevAnubhavanaM spaSTaM na pUrvaM na pazcAditi pratIteH kSaNikaM saMvedanamiticet, syAdevaM yadi pUrvaM pazcAdvAnubhavasya vicchedaH siddhyet / na cAsau pratyakSataH siddhyati tadanumAnasya vaiphalyaprasaMgAt, pazyannapItyAdigraMthasya virodhAt / pratyakSapRSThabhAvino vikalpAdidAnImanubhavanaM mameti nishcyaanoktgrNthvirodhH| tadbalAdidAnImevetyanizcayAcca nAnumAne naiSphalyaM tatastathA nizcayAditi cet, naitatsAraM / pratyakSapRSThabhAvino vikalpasyedAnImanubhavo me na pUrvaM pazcAdveti vidhiniSedhaviSayatayAnutpattau vartamAnamAtrAnubhavavyavasthApakatvAyogAt / pazyannapItyAdivirodhasya sarvathA kSaNika svIkAra karate haiM to "isa samaya maiM anubhava kara rahA hU~" isa prakAra kI pratIti meM vA pUrva uttara kAla meM isa prakAra kI pratIti hone kA virodha AtA hai| yadi kSaNika hote hue bhI pUrvottara kAla meM spaSTa anubhava hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai, aisA mAnate ho to anAdi ananta saMvedana kI siddhi kaise nahIM hogI ? tathA isa samaya vartamAna kAla meM 'maiM anubhava kara rahA hU~' isa prakAra niraMtara pratIti hote rahanA hI nityatva hai aura vahI vartamAnapanA hai, kyoMki isa prakAra kI pratIti ke viccheda kA abhAva hai| isalie kSaNika saMvedanA kI siddhi nahIM hai| bauddha kahatA hai ki isa samaya vartamAna kAla meM hI spaSTa anubhava ho rahA hai, pUrva aura pazcAt (bhUta aura bhaviSyat) kA nahIM hai, isa prakAra kI pratIti se kSaNika saMvedana hI hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kA bauddha kA kathana to taba siddha ho sakatA hai ki yadi spaSTa anubhava kA pUrvottara kAla ke pariNAmoM se vyavadhAna siddha ho jAtA hai, kintu vaha vyavadhAna pratyakSa siddha nahIM ho rahA hai, aisI dazA meM madhyavartI akele kSaNika jJAna kA spaSTa anubhava kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? yadi antarAla pratyakSa siddha hotA hai, to anumAna ke niSphalatA kA prasaMga AtA hai| tathA "pazyannapi na pazyati' dekhatA huA bhI nahIM dekha rahA hai arthAt bhUta aura bhaviSyat kSaNoM ke antarAla ko pratyakSa dekhatA huA bhI nahIM dekhatA hai" bauddha ke isa grantha vAkya kA virodha bhI AtA hai| yadi kaho ki pratyakSa jJAna ke pRSThabhAvI vikalpa jJAna se "isa samaya mujha ko spaSTa anubhava hai" isa prakAra nizcaya ho jAtA hai, ata: ukta grantha meM virodha nahIM AtA hai tathA usa pratyakSa aura vikalpa ke sAmarthya se "isI samaya anubhava hai" aisA dRr3ha nizcaya nahIM hotA hai- ataH anumAna meM bhI niSphalatA nahIM hai kyoMki "isa samaya mujhe anubhava ho rahA hai" isa prakAra kA nizcaya anumAna se hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha bauddha kA kathana sAra rahita hai kyoMki pratyakSa kA pRSThabhAvI vikalpa jJAna "isa samaya mujhako spaSTa anubhava ho rahA hai, pUrvottara kSaNoM kA spaSTa anubhava nahIM hai" isa prakAra ke vidhi aura niSedha ko viSaya karatA huA saMvedana jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai isalie kevala vartamAna kAlIna saMvedana kI vyavasthA karane kA ayoga hai arthAt saMvedana kevala vartamAna ko hI jAnatA hai yaha niyama ghaTita nahIM hotA hai|
Page #202
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *189 tadavasthatvAdanyathA sarvatredamupalabhe nedamupalabhehamiti vikalpadvayAnutpattAvapi dRssttvyvhaarprsNgaat| tadanyavyavacchedavikalpAbhAvepIdAnIM tenAnubhavananizcaye tadevAnumAnanaiSphalyamiti ytkiNcidett| etenAnumAnAdanubhavasya pUrvottarakSaNavyavacchedaH siddhyatIti nirAkRtaM svatastenAdhyakSato vyApterasiddhaH, paratonumAnAt siddhAvanavasthAprasaMgAt / vipakSe bAdhakapramANabalAdvyAptiH siddheticet / kiM tatra bAdhakaM pramANaM? na tAvadadhyakSaM tasya kSaNikatvanizcAyitvenAkSaNikatve bAdhakatvAyogAt / nApyanumAnaM kSaNikatvaviSayaM "tathA dekhatA huA bhI nahIM dekha rahA hU~" ityAdi grantha vAkya kA virodha vaise kA vaisA hI avasthita rahegA anyathA sarvatra maiM isako prApta kara rahA hU~ dekha rahA hU~ isako prApta nahIM kara rahA hU~, isako nahIM dekha rahA hU~ , isa prakAra do vikalpoM ke utpanna na hone para bhI pratyakSa kiye gaye padArthoM ke nizcaya karAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt jaise itara padArthoM kA niSedha karane para hI prakRta padArthoM kA nirNaya hotA hai-vaise hI pUrvottara kSaNoM kA niSedha karane para hI madhyavartI pariNAmoM kA avadhAraNa ho sakatA hai| yadi una pUrvottara kSaNavartI jJAna kSaNoM ke antarAla kA vikalpa nahIM hone para bhI vartamAna kSaNa meM usa vikalpa ke dvArA kevala saMvedana ke anubhava kA nizcaya kara liyA jAtA hai to vahI anumAna jJAna kI niSphalatA hai isalie saugata ke kathana meM koI sAra nahIM hai| (vyartha kA bakavAda hai)| ___ isa uparyukta anumAna ke dvArA "anubhava ke pUrvottara kSaNavartI pariNAmoM ke vyavadhAna kI siddhi hotI hai" isakA bhI nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai, kyoMki anumAna meM vyApti kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| parantu svataH isa sAdhya ke sAtha hetu kI pratyakSa pramANa rUpa se vyApti kI asiddhi hai, arthAt sattva Adi hetuoM ke sAtha rahane vAlA kSaNoM kA madhyavartI antarAla pratyakSa gamya nahIM hai| tathA vyApti sarva deza aura kAla meM rahane vAlI hai aura pratyakSa sarvadeza kAla meM nahIM rahatA hai| dUsare anumAna (dUsaroM ke dvArA kathita anumAna) se pUrvottara kSaNa ke madhyavartI antarAla rUpa sAdhya kI siddhi karane para anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt usa anamAna ko siddha karane ke lie vyApti kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| . yadi kaho ki vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa ke bala se vyApti siddha ho jAtI hai, to vaha bAdhaka pramANa kyA hai ? usameM pratyakSa jJAna to bAdhaka ho nahIM sakatA kyoMki tumhAre siddhAnta meM pratyakSa jJAna kSaNikatva kA nizcaya karatA hai, ataH usake akSaNikatva meM bAdhA dene kA ayoga hai| kSaNikatva ko viSaya karane vAlA anumAna jJAna bhI vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai kyoMki, svayaM anumAna meM pUrvottara kSaNavartI madhyama antarAla kI vyApti asiddha hai| pUrvottara kSaNa ke madhyavartI vyavadhAna ko siddha karane vAle prathama anumAna se isa kSaNikatva siddha karane vAle anumAna kI vyApti siddha karoge to 'anyo'nyAzraya' doSa AyegA kyoMki vipakSa meM hetu ke sadbhAva kA bAdhaka anumAna kI utthApaka vyApti
Page #203
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *190 tasyAsiddhavyAptikatvAt / prathamAnumAnAttadvyAptisiddhau parasparAzrayaNAt / sati siddhavyAptike vipakSe bAdhakenumAne prathamAnumAnasya siddhavyAptikatvaM tatsiddhau ca tatsadbhAva iti / vipakSe bAdhakasyAnumAnasyApi parasmAdvipakSe bAdhakAnumAnAdvyAptisiddhau saivAnavasthA / etena vyApakAnupalaMbhAt sattvasya kSaNikatvena vyAptiM sAdhayan nikssiptH| sattvamidamarthakriyAyA vyAptaM sAdhanaM kramayogapadyAbhyAM, te cAkSaNikAdvinivartamAnerthakriyAM svavyApyAM nivrtytH| sApi nivartamAnA sattvaM / tatastIrAdarzizakuninyAyena kSaNikatva eva sattvamavatiSThata iti hi pramANAMtaraM kramayogapadyayorarthakriyayA tasyAzca sattvena vyApyavyApakabhAvasya siddhau siddhyati / tasya vAdhyakSataH siddhyasaMbhave'numAnAMtarAdeva siddhau kathamanavasthA na syAt ? tatsiddhAvapi nAkSaNike kramayogapadyayonivRttiH ke siddha ho jAne para prathama anumAna kI vyApti siddha hotI hai aura vyApti siddha prathama anumAna ke siddha ho jAne para usakI vyApti kA sadbhAva siddha hotA hai| vipakSa meM bAdhaka anumAna kI vyApti kA nirNaya bhI yadi vipakSa meM bAdhaka dUsare anumAna se siddha karoMge to anavasthA doSa AtA hai| (jahA~ vyApaka nahIM hai vahA~ vyApya nahIM raha sktaa| jaise vRkSa ke na rahane para zIzama nahIM raha sakatA ataH akSaNikarUpa vipakSa meM arthakriyA aura krama tathA yaugapadya rUpa vyApakoM ke na dIkhane se vyApya rUpa sattva bhI nahIM dIkhatA hai) ataH sattva hetu kI akSaNika ke sAtha vyApti kA abhAva hone se kSaNika ke sAtha sattva hetu kI vyApti ko siddha karane vAle bauddha kA isa ukta kathana se nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| "yaha sattva arthakriyA se vyApta hai aura vaha arthakriyA krama aura yogapadya ke sAtha vyApta hai| tathA ve krama aura yogapadya yadi akSaNika padArtha se nivRtta hote haiM to apane meM vyApya arthakriyA ko bhI nivRtta kara letA hai aura nivRtta hotI huI arthakriyA bhI apane vyApya sattva ko haTA letI hai arthAt arthakriyA sattva padArtha meM hotI hai, parantu nitya padArtha meM nahIM apitu kSaNika padArtha meM arthakriyA hotI hai| arthakriyA ke na hone para sattva padArtha kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| isalie tIra ko nahIM dekhane vAle pakSI ke anusAra sattva hetu kSaNikatva ke hone para hI avasthita rahatA hai| bhAvArtha : jaise naukA ke Upara sthita pakSI ko naukA hI zaraNa hai-anya koI upAya nahIM hai usI prakAra arthakriyAkAraka padArthoM ke kSaNikapanA hI zaraNa hai| isa prakAra saugata ke kathanAnusAra vyApti ko siddha karane ke lie dUsarA pramANa denA taba siddha hotA hai jabaki krama aura yaugapadya kA arthakriyA ke sAtha aura arthakriyA kA sattvake sAtha vyApya vyApaka bhAva siddha ho jAtA hai parantu arthakriyA kI sattva ke sAtha vyApaka, vyApya bhAva kI siddhi pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatI hai| pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA siddhi honA asaMbhava hai| yadi arthakriyA ke sAtha hone vAle sattva ke sAtha vyApya vyApaka bhAva anumAnAntara se siddha kiyA jAtA hai to anavasthA doSa kaise nahIM AtA hai, avazya AtA hai, arthAt anumAna pramANoM kI pravRtti vyApti
Page #204
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 191 siddhA zazvadavicchinnAtmanyevAnubhave'nekakAlavartitvalakSaNasya kra masyopapatteryogapadyasya vAvicchinnAnekapratibhAsalakSaNasya tatraiva bhAvAt sukhasaMvedane prAcyaduHkhasaMvedanAbhAvAnnAvicchinnamekaM saMvedanaM yadanAdyanaMtakAlavartitayA kramavat syAditicenna, sukhaduHkhAdyAkArANAmanAdyavidyopadarzitAnAmeva vicchedAt / etena nAnAnIlapItAdipratibhAsAnAM dezavicchedAdhugapatsakalavyApinonubhavasyAvicchedAbhAvaH pratyuktaH, tattvatastadvadvicchedAbhAvAt / tato na kSaNikamadvayaM saMvedanaM nAma tasya vyApi nityasyaiva pratItisiddhatvAt / ke binA nahIM hotI hai aura vyApya, vyApaka bhAva ko siddha karane ke lie punaH dUsare anumAna kI AkAMkSA hone para anavasthA doSa hogA hii| tathA vyApya-vyApaka bhAva ke siddha ho jAne para bhI aneka kSaNoM taka rahane vAle akSaNika meM krama aura yugapat hone vAlI arthakriyA kI nivRtti (abhAva) siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki zAzvata (niraMtara) avicchinna rUpa vastu meM anubhava jJAna ke dvArA aneka kAloM meM rahane vAle krama kA aura avicchinna svarUpa aneka pratibhAsa karAne rUpa yugapat kA bhI astitva pAyA jAtA hai| . bhAvArtha : manuSya paryAya rUpa Atma dravya ke aneka kAla taka rahane para bAlaka, yuvA, vRddhAvasthA kA krama ghaTita ho sakatA hai aura AtmA ke sthira rahane para hI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, icchA, jJAna Adi pariNAmoM kA yugapat honA siddha ho sakatA hai| niranvaya nAza hone vAle dravya meM kramika aura yogapadya kriyA nahIM ho sktii| sukha kA vedana karate samaya pUrvakAlIna duHkha ke vedana kA abhAva hai arthAt sukha ke anubhava meM duHkha kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| isalie avicchinna rUpa se eka saMvedana nahIM hotA hai, jo anAdi ananta kAla vartI hokara krama sahita ho sakatA ho ? aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki anAdi kAlIna avidyA ke dvArA upadarzita (dRSTigocara hone vAle) sukha, duHkha Adi AkAroM kA (vikalpoM kA) uccheda ho jAtA hai arthAt sukha meM duHkha kA tathA tIvra kaSAya meM manda kaSAya kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai tathApi pratibhAsa rUpa santati kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai| avicchinna rUpa se saMtati calatI rahatI hai| dravya kA uccheda nahIM hotA hai| isa kathana se "aneka nIla pItAdi pratibhAsoM kA deza se vyavadhAna hone ke kAraNa eka samaya meM hI sampUrNa saMvedanoM meM vyApaka rahane vAle anubhava kA avicchinnapanA nahIM hai" isakA bhI khaNDana kara diyA hai kyoMki paramArtha rUpa se usa prakAzarUpa saMvitti kA viccheda nahIM hotA hai| usake viccheda kA abhAva hai arthAt eka dravya ke krama se hone vAle pariNAmoM meM aura eka sAtha hone vAle pariNAmoM meM dhrauvya rUpa anvaya bane rahane ke kAraNa kAlAntara sthAyI padArthoM meM hI krama aura yaugapadya arthakriyA ghaTita ho sakatI hai| kUTastha nitya aura kSaNika padArthoM meM arthakriyA nahIM ho sakatI hai| isalie eka kSaNa meM hI naSTa ho jAne vAlI zuddha advaita saMvedana vastu nahIM hai kintu aneka AkAroM meM vyApane vAle tathA aneka samaya taka rahane vAle nitya padArtha ke saMvedana kI pratIti hotI hai, arthAt nitya hI pratIti prasiddha hai|
Page #205
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 192 tadevAstu brahmatattvamityaparastaM pratyAha;yanna prakAzasAmAnyaM sarvatrAnugamAtmakam / tatprakAzavizeSANAmabhAve kena vedyate // 14 // kenacidvizeSeNa zUnyasya saMvedanasyAnubhavepi vizeSAMtareNAzUnyatvAnna sakalavizeSavirahitatvena kasyacittadanubhava: khrshRNgvt|| nAtra saMvedanaM kiMcidanazaM bahirarthavat / pratyakSaM bahiraMtazca sAMzasyaikasya vedanAt // 15 // ___ yathaiva kSaNikamakSaNikaM vA nAnaikaM vA bahirvastu nAnazaM tasya kSaNiketarAtmano nAnaikAtmanazca sAkSAt pratibhAsanAt tathAMta:saMvedanamapi tdvishessaat|| svAMzeSu nAMzino vRttau vikalpopAttadUSaNam / sarvathArthAntaratvasyAbhAvAdazAMzinoriha // 16 // tAdAtmyapariNAmasya tayoH siddheH kathaMcana / pratyakSatonumAnAcca na pratItiviruddhatA // 17 // . sarvathA kSaNika rUpa vijJAnAdvaita mAnane vAle bauddhoM kA khaNDana kara dene para brahmAdvaitavAdI kahate haiMki "nitya aura eka caitanya hI parama brahma hai" usake prati AcArya kahate haiM jo avicchinnarUpa se sarvatra rahane vAlA, caitanya rUpa pratibhAsa hai, vaha sAmAnya pratibhAsa vizeSaNa, ke abhAva meM kisase jAnA jA sakatA hai arthAt koI bhI padArtha vizeSa rahita sAmAnya rUpa se pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai ataH citsAmAnya kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA // 14 // kisI eka vizeSa se sarvathA rahita saMvedana kA anubhava ho jAne para bhI vaha vastu anya vizeSoM se zUnya nahIM hai kyoMki gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna sakala vizeSa se rahita kisI bhI padArtha kA samIcIna anubhava nahIM ho rahA hai| isa jagat meM bAhya ghaTAdi padArtha ke samAna koI saMvedana aMza rahita nahIM hai, kyoMki bahiraMga ghaTAdi aura antaraMga jJAna sukhAdi donoM hI padArthoM kA aMza sahita pratyakSa vedana hotA hai| niraMza padArtha kA vedana; (jJAna) nahIM ho rahA hai|||15|| jisa prakAra paryAyArthika naya se kSaNika aura nAnA rUpa tathA dravyArthika naya se akSaNika (nitya); aura eka rUpa bahiraMga vastu aMza rahita nahIM hai, kyoMki nitya-anitya, eka aura aneka rUpa se bahiraMga vastu kA pratyakSa pratibhAsa (jJAna) ho rahA hai usI prakAra aMtaraMga saMvedana (sukha duHkha kA anubhava) bhI anaMza (aMza rahita) nahIM hai kyoMki aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga padArthoM meM pratIti kI apekSA koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta meM aMzI (padArtha) kA svakIya aMzoM meM tAdAtmya rUpa se vRtti karane meM (rahane meM) ekAntavAdiyoM ke dvArA vikalpa se gRhIta dUSaNa nahIM A sakate haiM, kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM aMza aura aMzI meM sarvathA arthAntaratva (bhinnatva) kA abhAva hai // 16 // ___ una aMza aura aMzI ke kathaMcit tAdAtmya sambandha nAmaka pariNAma kI pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa se siddhi ho jAnA pratIti viruddha nahIM hai arthAt vRkSa rUpa avayavI meM zAkhA rUpa avayava kI kathaMcit tAdAtmya sambandha pratIti siddha hai||17|| arthAt sarva ataraMga, bahiraMga padArtha aMza sahita hI dRSTigocara hote haiN|
Page #206
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 193 svAMzeSvaMzina: pratyekaM kAtsyena vRttau bahutvamekadezena sAvayavatvamanavasthA ceti na dUSaNaM samyaktvasya svAMzebhyo bhinnasyAnabhyupagamAt / kathaMcittAdAtmyapariNAmasya prasiddhestasyaiva samavAyatvena sAdhanAt / navAMzAMzinostAdAtmyAttAdAtmye viruddha pratyakSatastathopalaMbhAbhAvaprasaMgAt / na ca tathopalaMbhonumAnena bAdhyate tasya tatsAdhanatvena pravRtteH / tathAhi-yayorna kathaMcittAdAtmyaM tayorlIzAMzibhAvo yathA sahyavindhyayoH, aMzAMzibhAvazcAvayavAvayavinodharmadharmiNorvA sveSTayoriti naikAMtabhedaH / tadevaM paramArthatoMzAMzisadbhAvAtsUktaM vastvaMza eva tatra ca pravartamAno nayaH / svAthaikadezavyavasAyaphalalakSaNo nayaH pramANamiti kazcidAha;yathAMzini pravRttasya jJAnasyeSTA prmaanntaa| tathAMzeSvapi kiM na syAditi mAnAtmako nyH||18|| "svakIya aMzoM meM aMzI kI pUrNa rUpa se vRtti mAnane para jitane aMza haiM utane pratyeka aMzI ho jAte haiM arthAt aMza ke samAna aMzI bhI bahuta ho jaayeNge| aMzI ko aMza ke sAtha ekadeza rUpa sambandha mAnane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt zeSa aMzoM kI vRtti ke hone kI AkAMkSA samApta nahIM hotI hai|" isa prakAra kA dUSaNa syAdvAda meM ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki syAdvAdI avayavI ko avayavoM se sarvathA bhinna svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| aMza aura aMzI ke sambandha ko kathaJcit tAdAtmya pariNAma hI prasiddha hai tathA usa tAdAtmya sambandha ko hI samavAya sambandha siddha kiyA gayA hai, arthAt tAdAtmya sambandha hI kathaJcit samavAya sambandha se siddha hai| aMza aura aMzI ke kathaJcit tAdAtmya aura kathaJcit atAdAtmya donoM dharma paraspara viruddha nahIM haiN| yadi aMza aMzI ke tAdAtmya sambandha ko viruddha mAnate haiM to pratyakSa ke dvArA aMza aura aMzI ke bhinna aura abhinna rUpa se pratibhAsa hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA parantu aMza aura aMzI kA kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna pratibhAsa honA anumAna pramANa se bAdhita nahIM hai apitu, anumAna pramANa pratyakSa jJAna kA sAdhaka hokara pravRtti kara rahA hai| - aba anumAna se kathaMcit tAdAtmya sambandha kI siddhi karate haiN| jina padArthoM meM kathaMcit tAdAtmya nahIM hai, unameM aMzI, aMzapanA bhI nahIM hai| jaise sahyAcala aura viMdhyAcala meM aMza aura aMzI bhAva nahIM hai, parantu avayava aura avayavI meM apane ko iSTa dharma aura dharmI meM aMza-aMzI bhAva hai ata: unameM kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha hai| una aMzaaMzI meM, guNa-guNI meM ekAnta se bheda nahIM hai ataH paramArtha rUpa se aMza, aMzI kA sadbhAva hone se "vikalAdezI vAkya kA viSaya vastu kA aMza hai" yaha kathana samIcIna hai| vaha aMza avastu nahIM hai usa aMza, aMzI ke bheda meM pravRtta hone vAlA naya hai arthAt sva aura artha ke ekadeza kA nirNaya karane vAlA vastu ke aMza kA grAhaka naya kahalAtA hai| ___ koI kahatA hai ki apane starUpa aura viSaya rUpa artha ke ekadeza kA nirNaya karanA rUpa phala hai lakSaNa jisakA aisA naya jJAna pramANa hI hai, pramANa se bhinna nahIM hai ? jisa prakAra aMzI meM pravartaka jJAna kI pramANatA iSTa hai (jJAna pramANa hai) usI prakAra aMzoM meM pravRtti karane vAle naya jJAnoM ke bhI svArtha grAhakapanA hone se pramANapanA kyoM nahIM hai ? isalie naya bhI pramANAtmaka hai||18||
Page #207
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 194 yathAMzo na vastu nApyavastu / kiM tarhi ? vastvaMza eveti mataM, tathAMzI na vastu nApyavastu tasyAMzitvAdeva vastunoMzAMzisamUhalakSaNatvAt / tatoMzeSviva pravartamAnaM jJAnamaMzinyapi nayostu nocet yathA tatra pravRttaM jJAnaM pramANaM tathAMzeSvapi vizeSAbhAvAt / tathopagame ca na pramANAdaparo nyostiityprH|| . tannAMzinyapi niHzeSadharmANAM guNatAgatau / dravyArthikanayasyaiva vyaapaaraanmukhyruuptH|| 19 // dharmidharmasamUhasya prAdhAnyArpaNayA vidaH / pramANatvena nirNIteH pramANAdaparo nayaH // 20 // guNIbhUtAkhilAzeMzini jJAnaM naya eva tatra dravyArthikasya vyApArAt / pradhAnabhAvArpitasakalAMze tu pramANamiti nAniSTApattiraMzinotra jJAnasya pramANatvenAbhyupagamAt / tataH pramANAdapara eva nyH| nanvevamapramANAtmako nayaH kathamadhigamopAyaH syAnmithyAjJAnavaditi ca na codyaM / yasmAt jisa prakAra aMza vastu bhI nahIM hai aura avastu bhI nahIM hai, apitu vastu kA eka aMza hai, aisA syAdvAda siddhAnta meM mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra aMzI bhI vastu nahIM hai aura na avastu hai, kyoMki vaha aMzI hai| vastu to aMzI aura aMza kA samUha hai arthAt aMzI aura aMziyoM se pRthak aMza aura aMzI kA samUha vastu hai ata: jaise aMzoM meM pravartaka jJAna ko naya mAnate haiM usI prakAra aMzI ko grahaNa karane vAle jJAna ko bhI naya mAnanA caahie| yadi aMzI meM pravartaka jJAna ko naya nahIM mAnate haiM to, aMza meM pravartaka jJAna ko bhI naya nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt vastu ke aMgabhUta aMza aura aMzI meM jAnane kI apekSA koI antara nahIM hai| ___ tathA eka-eka aMza ko jAnane vAle jJAna ko bhI pramANa mAna lene para pramANa se bhinna dUsarA naya jJAna nahIM hai, aisA koI vAdI kahatA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra naya kA lopa karanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sampUrNa dharmoM ko gauNatA rUpa se tathA aMzI ko pradhAna rUpa se jAnanA iSTa hone para (svIkAra karane para) mukhya rUpa se dravyArthika naya kA vyApAra mAnA gayA hai, pramANa kA nahIM kintu jaba dharma aura dharmI donoM ke samUha ko pradhAnatA kI vivakSA se jAnanA abhipreta hotA hai taba jJAna ko pramANapane se nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai| isalie pramANa se bhinna naya jJAna hai // 19-20 // bhAvArtha : gauNa aura mukhyatA se aMzI aura aMza ko jAnane vAlA naya kahalAtA hai-aura aMzaaMzI donoM ko pradhAna rUpa se jAnane vAlA pramANa kahalAtA hai| aMza jisameM gauNabhUta hai-arthAt jisameM aMza kI apekSA nahIM hai aise aMzI kA viSaya karane vAlA jJAna naya kahalAtA hai kyoMki usameM viSaya ko jAnane ke lie dravyArthika naya kA vyApAra (pravRtti) hai| tathA pradhAna rUpa sakala aMza hai jisameM aise aMzI kA grAhaka jJAna pramANa hai isameM aniSTa kI Apatti nahIM hai kyoMki yahA~ pradhAna aMza vAle aMzI jJAna ke jJAna ko pramANa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai ata: aMzI ko jAnane vAlA (ekadeza vastu ko grahaNa karane vAlA) naya sakalAdezI pramANa se bhinna hai|
Page #208
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 195 nApramANaM pramANaM vA nayo jJAnAtmako mataH / syAtpramANaikadezastu sarvathApyavirodhataH // 21 // pramANAdaparo nayo'pramANamevAnyathA vyAghAtaH sakRdekasya pramANatvApramANatvaniSedhAsaMbhavAt / pramANatvaniSedhenApramANatvavidhAnAdapramANapratiSedhena ca pramANatvavidhergatyaMtarAbhAvAditi na codyaM, pramANaikadezasya gatyaMtarasya sadbhAvAt / na hi tasya pramANatvameva pramANAdekAMtenAbhinnasyAniSTe pyapramANatvaM bhedasyaivAnupagamAt dezadezinoH kathaMcidbhedasya sAdhanAt / yenAtmanA pramANaM tadekadezasya bhedastenApramANatvaM yenAbhedastena pramANatvamevaM zaMkA : isa prakAra apramANAtmaka naya mithyAjJAna ke samAna jIvAdi padArthoM ke adhigama kA upAya kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt jaise apramANa hone se mithyAjJAna jIvAdi padArthoM ke adhigama kA upAya nahIM hai usI prakAra naya bhI apramANa hone se jIvAdi padArthoM ke adhigama ke upAya nahIM haiN| samAdhAna : aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki naya jJAna pramANa bhI nahIM hai aura apramANa bhI nahIM hai apitu pramANa kA ekadeza hai isameM sarvathA virodha nahIM hai // 21 // "syAdvAda siddhAnta meM kathita pramANa se bhinna nayajJAna apramANa hI hai anyathA (yadi usameM pramANa aura apramANa donoM kA niSedha karoge to) vyAghAta doSa AyegA / eka sAtha eka hI padArtha kA pramANatva aura apramANatva rUpa se niSedha karanA asaMbhava hai arthAt pramANa kA niSedha karane para apramANa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, aura 'apramANa nahIM hai' aisA kahane para pramANa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| eka samaya meM donoM kA niSedha nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki gatyantara kA abhAva hai|" jainAcArya kahate haiM ki naya ke viSaya meM isa prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki pramANa ke eka deza ko jAnane vAlA naya hai isa prakAra gatyantara (pramANa aura apramANa se rahita pramANa kA ekadeza naya hai isa) kA sadbhAva hai arthAt jaise sarvathA bheda aura abheda se bhinna kathaJcit bheda-abheda prazasta mArga hai usI prakAra sarvathA pramANa aura apramANa se pRthak tIsarA kathaMcit pramANApramANAtmaka naya jJAna vyavasthita hai| usa naya jJAna ko pUrNa rUpa se pramANa nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki ekAnta rUpa se pramANa se abhinna naya jJAna iSTa nahIM hai| tathA naya sarvathA apramANa bhI nahIM hai-kyoMki ekAnta rUpa se naya jJAna ko pramANa se sarvathA bhinna svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai apitu deza aura dezavAna meM kathaJcit bheda svIkAra kiyA hai| arthAt ekadeza ko grahaNa karane vAle naya meM aura sarvadeza ko grahaNa karane vAle pramANa meM kathaMcit bheda hai aura kathaMcit abheda koI kahatA hai-jisa rUpa (jisa apekSA se) naya jJAna pramANa se bhinna hai, bhedasvarUpa hai usa apekSA se vaha apramANa hai| aura jisa apekSA nayajJAna pramANa se abhinna (abheda) rUpa hai, usa apekSA se vaha pramANa hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM- isa prakAra kahanA kyA hamako aniSTa hai ? nahIM, apitu iSTa hI hai kyoMki jaina siddhAnta meM naya kisI apekSA pramANAtmaka haiM aura kisI apekSA pramANAtmaka nahIM haiN| ata: naya jJAna meM ekadeza se pramANapanA aura apramANapanA donoM iSTa haiN| sarvathA nayajJAna ke pramANatva aura apramANatva kA niSedha kiyA
Page #209
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 196 syAditi cet kimaniSTaM dezataH pramANapramANatvayoriSTatvAt , sAmastyena nayasya tanniSedhAt samudraikadezasya tathAsamudratvAsamudratvaniSedhavat / kAtsyeMna pramANaM nayaH saMvAdakatvAtsveSTapramANavaditi cenna , asyaikadezena saMvAdakatvAt kAtsnryena tadasiddheH / kathamevaM pratyakSAdestataH pramANatvasiddhistasyaikadezena saMvAdakatvAditi cenna , katipayaparyAyAtmakadravye tasya tattvopagamAt / tathaiva sakalAdezitvapramANatvenAbhidhAnAt sakalAdezaH pramANAdhIna iti / na ca sakalAdezitvameva satyatvaM vikalAdezino nayasyAsatyatvaprasaGgAt / na ca nayopi sakalAdezI , vikalAdezo nayAdhIna iti vacanAt / nApyasatyaH sunizcitAsaMbhavadvAdhatvAt pramANavat / tataH sUktaM sakalAdezi pramANaM vikalAdezino nayAdabhyarhitamiti sarvathA virodhaabhaavaat|| pramANena gRhItasya vastunoMzevigAnataH / saMpratyayanimittatvAtpramANAccennayorcitaH // 22 // nAzeSavastunirNIteH pramANAdeva kasyacit / tAdRk sAmarthyazUnyatvAt sannayasyApi sarvadA // 23 // hai| jaise ghaTa meM bharA huA samudra kA jala na samudra hai aura na asamudra hai apitu samudra kA aMza hai usI prakAra naya na pramANa hai aura na apramANa hai apitu pramANa kA eka aMza hai| ___ "naya sampUrNa rUpa se pramANa hai, samIcIna jJapti karAne vAlA hone se", jaise apane ko iSTa pratyakSa Adi jJAna samIcIna jJapti karAne vAle hone se pramANa haiM, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa naya ke ekadeza se saMvAdakatva (samIcIna jJapti karAnA) hai; sampUrNa rUpa se naya ke saMvAdakatva kI asiddhi hai| "isa prakAra smRti Adi pratyakSa jJAna meM bhI pramANapanA kaise A sakatA hai kyoMki unameM bhI eka deza saMvAdakatva hai" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki kucha paryAyAtmaka dravya meM pravartaka usa pratyakSa smRti Adi jJAna ke sampUrNatA se saMvAdakatva iSTa kiyA hai| usI prakAra sakala vastu kA kathana karane vAle vAkya ko pramANa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai kyoMki sakalAdeza pramANAdhIna hai| iti| ___ "sakalAdezitva (pramANa) hI satya hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vikalAdezI naya jJAna ke asatyapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| __ tathA nayajJAna ko sakalAdezI kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki "vikalAdezo nayAdhInaH, vikalAdeza naya ke AdhIna hai"- yaha Agama vAkya hai| ekadeza vastu kA kathana karane vAlA naya asatya bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANa jJAna kI satyatA ke samAna bAdhaka pramANoM kI nizcayarUpa se asaMbhavatA hone se naya jJAna satyasvarUpa hai| isalie "vikalAdezI naya se sakalAdezI pramANa pUjya hai" yaha kahanA zreSTha hai| kyoMki isameM sarvathA virodha kA abhAva hai| ___ "pramANa ke dvArA gRhIta vastu ke aMza meM nirdoSa rUpa se pratIti kA nimitta hone ke kAraNa pramANa kI apekSA naya pUjanIya hai athavA naya ke dvArA jJAta viSaya meM utpanna saMzaya ko dUra karake samIcIna jJapti karAne vAlA hone se naya jJAna pramANa se bhI adhika pUjya hai" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki kisI bhI pramANa ke azeSa vastu kI nirNIti (nirNaya) pramANa (jJAna) se hI hotI hai| azeSa vastu ke samIcIna nirNaya karAne kA sAmarthya nayajJAna meM nahIM hai| naya jJAna sarvadA sampUrNa vastu ke nirNaya karane ke sAmarthya se zUnya hai||22-23||
Page #210
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 197 nayobhyarhitaH pramANAt tadviSayAMze vipratipattau saMpratyayahetutvAditi cenna, kasyacitpramANAdevAzeSavastunirNayAttadviSayAMze vipratipatterasaMbhavAnnayAt saMpratyayAsiddheH / kasyacit tatsaMbhave nayAtsaMpratyayasiddhiriti cet , sakale vastuni vipratipattau pramANAt kiM na saMpratyayasiddhiH / soyaM sakalavastuvipratipattinirAkaraNasamarthAt pramANAdvastvekadezavipratipattinirasanasamarthaM sannayamabhyarhitaM bruvANo na nyaayvaadii|| materavadhito vApi manaHparyayatopi vA / jJAtasyArthasya nAMzesti nayAnAM vartanaM nanu // 24 // niHzeSadezakAlArthAgocaratvavinizcayAt / tasyeti bhASitaM kaizcidyuktameva tatheSTitaH / / 25 // na hi matyavadhimana:paryayANAmanyatamenApi pramANena gRhItasyArthasyAMze nayAH pravartate teSAM niHzeSadezakAlArthagocaratvAt matyAdInAM tadagocaratvAt / na hi manomatirapyazeSaviSayA karaNaviSaye tajjAtIye vA prvRtteH|| "pramANa se naya adhika pUjya hai, kyoMki usa pramANa ke viSayabhUta vastu ke vizeSa aMzoM meM vivAda utpanna hone para naya jJAna hI nirNaya karAne kA nimitta hotA hai|" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki kisI bhI jIva ko pramANa dvArA pUrNa vastu kA nirNaya ho jAne se usa viSaya ke vizeSa aMza meM jaba saMzayapUrvaka vivAda honA hI asaMbhava hai, taba naya se sampratipatti honA to asiddha hI hai| zaMkA : kisI-kisI jJAtA ko vizeSa aMza meM usa vipratipatti (saMzaya yA vivAda) ke saMbhava hone para naya jJAna se pratIti (saMzaya kA abhAva) honA dekhA jAtA hai ata: naya pUjya hai| samAdhAna : yadi aisA hai to sampUrNa vastu meM vivAda ho jAne para pramANa ke dvArA samIcIna nirNaya honA siddha kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? ataH sakala vastu ke viSaya meM utpanna hue samAropa (saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya) ke nirAkaraNa karane meM samartha pramANa jJAna se, vastu ke ekadeza meM utpanna vipratipatti nirAkaraNa karane meM samartha naya jJAna ko pUjya kahane vAlA nyAyavAdI nahIM hai, arthAt vaha nyAya kA jJAtA nahIM hai| zaMkA : matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna ke dvArA jJAta artha ke aMza meM nayajJAna kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai kyoMki ve mati Adika tIna jJAna sampUrNa dezakAla ke arthoM ko viSaya nahIM kara sakate haiM, aisA vizeSa rUpa se nirNIta hai ata: naya jJAna jJAta artha ke ekadeza ko jAnatA hai, yaha kaise siddha hotA hai ? isa prakAra koI tarka pUrvaka kahatA hai| samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usakA yaha kahanA ThIka hai kyoMki hamane vaisA hI svIkAra kiyA hai ki matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura manaHparyaya jJAna ke dvArA jJAta artha ke ekadeza viSaya meM naya kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai // 24-25 // matijJAna, avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna meM se kisI eka pramANa ke dvArA gRhIta artha ke aMza meM naya jJAna pravRtta nahIM hote haiM, kyoMki mati, avadhi aura manaHparyaya jJAna parimita deza-kAla ke artha ko jAnate haiM aura nayoM kA viSaya sampUrNa dezakAla gocara artha hai, ataH mati Adi jJAna ke trikAla viSaya agocara
Page #211
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 198 trikAlagocarAzeSapadArthAMzeSu vRttitH| kevalajJAnamUlatvamapi teSAM na yujyate // 26 // parokSAkAratAvRtteH spaSTatvAt kevalasya tu / zrutamUlA nayA: siddhA vakSyamANA: pramANavat // 27 // yathaiva hi zrutaM pramANamadhigamajasamyagdarzananibandhanatattvArthAdhigamopAyabhUtaM matyavadhimanaH paryayakevalAtmakaM ca vakSyamANaM tathA zrutamUlA nayA: siddhAsteSAM parokSAkAratayA vRtteH| tataH kevalamUlA nayAstrikAlagocarAzeSapadArthAMzeSu vartanAditi na yuktamutpazyAmastadvatteSAM spaSTatva prsNgaat| na hi spaSTasyAMvadhermanaH paryayasya vA bhedAH svayamaspaSTA na yujyaMte zrutAkhya pramANamUlatve tu nayAnAmaspaSTAvabhAsitvenAviruddhAnAM sUktaM tebhyaH pramANasyAbhyarhitatvAt praagvcnm|| haiN| mana aura indriyoM se utpanna huA mAnasa matijJAna bhI sampUrNa deza, kAla ke viSaya ko nahIM jAna sktaa| kyoMki indriyoM ke yogya viSaya meM athavA unakI jAti vAle atIndriya viSayoM meM mAnasa matijJAna pravartaka hotA hai| trikAlagocara sampUrNa padArthoM ke aMzoM meM pravRtti karane vAle hone se una naya jJAnoM kA kevalajJAna ko mUla kAraNa mAnanA bhI yukta nahIM hai||26|| kyoMki kevalajJAna spaSTa hai, vizada hai, pratyakSa hai aura naya parokSAkAra se pravRtta hote haiM arthAt parokSa viSaya ko grahaNa karane vAle haiM arthAt yadi kevalajJAna dvArA jJAta padArtha meM naya kI pravRtti hogI to naya bhI pratyakSa jJAna ho jAyeMge . ataH parizeSa nyAya se zrutajJAna mUla hI naya siddha hotA hai arthAt naya zrutajJAna kA bheda hai| pramANa ke samAna nayoM kA varNana bhI Age vistAra se kreNge||27|| jisa prakAra adhigamaja samyagdarzana ke kAraNabhUta jIvAdi tattvArthoM ke adhigama kA upAya zrutajJAna hai aura Age kahe jAne vAle matijJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna aura kevalajJAna pramANa siddha haiM; usI prakAra zruta jJAna hai mUla kAraNa jinhoMkA aise Age kahe jAne vAle naigamAdi naya bhI jIvAdi padArthoM ke jAnane ke upAya haiM- yaha siddha hai| una nayoM kI parokSAkAra (parokSa jJAna) se pravRtti hotI hai| jisa prakAra pramANa padArthoM ke jAnane kA sAdhana hai, vaise naya bhI vastu ke jAnane kA sAdhana hai| tInoM kAla sambandhI sampUrNa padArthoM ke aMzoM meM pravRtti karane vAle hone se nayoM kA mUla kAraNa kevalajJAna ko mAnA jAye, isako hama (jainAcArya) yukta nahIM samajhate haiM kyoMki kevalajJAna ko nayoM kA mUla kAraNa mAna lene para kevalajJAna ke samAna nayoM ke bhI spaSTa pratibhAsa kA prasaMga AtA hai| prazna : vizada avadhi aura manaHparyaya jJAna ke bheda naya haiM aura svayaM aspaSTa (avizada) haiN| uttara : yaha bhI kathana yukta nahIM hai kyoMki avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna ke aMza naya nahIM haiN| parantu zrutajJAna nAmaka pramANa ko mUla mAnakara hone vAle nayoM ke aspaSTa pratibhAsa meM koI virodha nahIM hai isalie zrutajJAna ke dvArA jAne hue padArthoM ke aMza ko avizada rUpa se jAnane vAle aviruddha nayoM kI apekSA pramANa adhika pUjya hai isalie pramANa kA kathana pUrva meM karanA ThIka hI kahA hai arthAt pUjya hone se pramANa zabda kA sUtra meM prathama prayoga kiyA hai, yaha vArtikakAra kA kahanA yukta hI hai|
Page #212
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 199 nanu pramANanayebhyodhigamasyAbhinnatvAnna tatra teSAM karaNatvanirdeza: zreyAnityArekAyAmAhapramANena nayaizcApi svaarthaakaarvinishcyH| pratyeyo'dhigamastajjaistatphalaM syAdabhedabhRt // 28 // teneha sUtrakArasya vacanaM karaNaM kRtH| sUtre yadghaTanAM yAti tatpramANanayairiti // 29 // na hi pramANena nayaizcAdhyavasAyAtmAdhigamaH kvacitsaMbhAvyaH kSaNakSayAdAvapi tatprasaMgAt / vyavasAyajananaH svayamadhyavasAyAtmApyadhigamo yukta iti cenna, tasya tajjananavirodhAt / svalakSaNavat bodhaH svayamavikalpakopi vikalpamupajanayati na punarartha iti kiMkRto vibhaagH| pUrvavikalpavAsanApekSAdivikalpapratibhAsAdvikalpasyotpattau kathamarthAttAdRzAnnotpattiH / yathA cApratibhAtAdarthAttadutpattAvatiprasaMgastathA svayamanizcitAdapi / yadi punararthadarzanaM prazna : pramANa aura nayoM se adhigama honA jaba abhinna hai, taba sUtra meM una pramANa nayoM ko "pramANanayaiH" yaha sAdhaka sama rUpa karaNa (tRtIyA vibhakti) kA nirdeza karanA zreSTha nahIM hai arthAt adhigama ke samAna pramANa naya pada bhI prathamAnta honA cAhie isa prakAra kI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM : uttara : pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA sva aura apUrva kA nizcaya hotA hai-usa pramANa aura nayoM se abhinna nizcaya ko pramANa aura nayoM ke jJAtAoM ko nayapramANa kA phala samajhanA caahie| arthAt pramANa aura naya padArthoM ke jAnane ke upAya haiM aura padArthoM kA nirNaya ho jAne rUpa adhigama pramANa tathA naya kA phala hai vaha phala pramANa aura nayoM se abhinna hai isalie sUtra meM sUtrakAra ke vacana karaNakRta haiM (tRtIyA vibhaktyanta haiM) ata: sUtra meM "pramANanayaiH" yaha tRtIyAnta vibhakti ghaTita ho jAtI hai kyoMki kriyArUpa phala prathamAnta hotA hai, usakA janaka kAraNa tRtIyAnta hotA hai aura vaha phala rUpa kriyA kAraNa se kathaMcit bhinna hai aura kathaMcit abhinna hai||28-29|| | pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA kahIM bhI anizcayAtmaka jJAna honA (adhigama honA) saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA nizcayAtmaka adhigama hotA hai| yadi usake adhigama ko nizcayAtmaka nahIM mAnate haiM to kSaNakSayI jJAna meM bhI pramANatA kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt anizcayAtmaka kSaNakSayI jJAna evaM nirvikalpa jJAna bhI pramANa ho jaayegaa| "anadhyavasAya rUpa nirvikalpa adhigama bhI uttara kSaNa meM nizcayAtmaka kA janaka ho jAtA hai arthAt anizcayAtmaka nirvikalpa jJAna se uttara kSaNa meM padArthoM kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki svalakSaNa ke samAna nirvikalpa jJAna se nizcayAtmaka savikalpa kI utpatti hone kA virodha hai| athavA-svayaM nirvikalpa bhI jJAna vikalpa utpanna kara detA hai, kintu nirvikalpaka svalakSaNa rUpa artha savikalpa jJAna ko utpanna nahIM karatA hai, yaha vibhAga kisa niyama se kiyA gayA hai ? arthAt jaise nirvikalpa artha se utpanna jJAna bauddha mata meM nirvikalpa hai, vaise nirvikalpa jJAna se utpanna jJAna bhI nirvikalpa honA caahie| yadi kaho ki pUrvakAlIna vAsanA ke kAraNa (apekSA se) nirvikalpa pratibhAsa (jJAna) se vikalpa kI utpatti hotI hai-to pUrvakAlIna vAsanA ke kAraNa nirvikalpa padArtha se utpanna jJAna savikalpa kyoM nahIM hotA hai? jisa prakAra nirvikalpa jJAna se nahIM jAne gaye artha se vikalpa kI utpatti mAnane meM ati
Page #213
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 200 tadvikalpavAsanAyAH prabodhakatvAdvikalpasya janakaM tadA kSaNakSayAdau vikalpajananaprasaMgastata eva tasya nIlAdAviva tatrApyavizeSAt / kSaNakSayAdAvanabhyAsAnna tattadvikalpavAsanAyA: prabodhakamiti cet , koyamabhyAso nAma ? bahazo darzanamiti cenna, tasya nIlAdAviva tatrApyavizeSAdabhAvAsiddheH / tadvikalpotpattirabhyAsa iti cet , tasya kutaH kSaNakSayAdidRSTAvabhAva: ? tadvikalpavAsanAprabodhakatvAbhAvAditi cet , soymnyonysNshryH| siddhe hi kSaNakSayAdau darzanasya tadvikalpavAsanAprabodhakatvAbhAvebhyAsAbhAvasya siddhistatsiddhau ca ttsiddhiriti| etena nIlAdau darzanasya tadvAsanAprabodhakatvAbhyAsebhyo'nyonyAzrayo vyAkhyAtaH / sati tadvAsanAprabodhakatve prasaMga doSa AtA hai-arthAt ajJAta padArtha ke jJAna se kucha bhI vikalpa uTha sakate haiM usI prakAra svayaM anizcita nirvikalpa jJAna se vikalpa jJAna kI utpatti mAna lene para bhI atiprasaMga doSa AyegA / arthAt cAhe jisa anizcita padArtha kA vikalpa ho jAyegA kyoMki donoM meM prazna samAna hI hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki artha kA nirvikalpa darzana usakI vikalpa vAsanA ko jagAne vAlA hone se vikalpa jJAna ko utpanna kara detA hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kA kathana karane para to kSaNakSayAdi (kSaNa-kSaNa meM naSTa hone vAle nirvikalpa padArtha) ke viSaya meM bhI vikalpa ke utpanna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki jaise nIlAdi svalakSaNoM ke nirvikalpa jJAna se nIla Adi meM hone vAle vikalpa jJAna kI jananI vikalpa vAsanA ko jAgRta karane meM sahAyaka hai usI prakAra kSaNikatva kA nirvikalpa jJAna bhI kSaNikatva ke vikalpa jJAna ko utpanna karAne meM sahAyaka ho jAyegA, kyoMki donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| .. yadi kaho ki kSaNikatva Adi meM abhyAsa na hone ke kAraNa kSaNikatva kA nirvikalpa jJAna usakI vikalpa vAsanA kA udbodhaka nahIM hai, parantu nIla pIta Adi meM abhyAsa hone ke kAraNa vAsanA utpanna ho jAtI hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha abhyAsa kyA hai ? kisako kahate haiM abhyAsa ? bahuta bAra kisI viSaya kA nirvikalpa jJAna ho jAne ko to abhyAsa nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki aisA abhyAsa to jaise nIlAdi svalakSaNoM meM hai usI ke samAna kSaNa kSaya Adi ke darzana meM bhI vidyamAna hai donoM meM avizeSatA hone se kSaNa kSayAdika ke nirvikalpa darzana meM abhyAsa kA abhAva siddha nahIM ho sakatA / yadi kaho ki una vikalpa jJAnoM kI utpatti ho jAnA hI abhyAsa hai taba to kSaNikatva Adi ke nirvikalpa darzana meM abhyAsa kA abhAva hai, yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? / ____ yadi vikalpa vAsanAoM ke aprabodhakatva hone se kSaNakSayAdi darzana meM abhyAsa kA abhAva mAnA jAtA hai to anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai, kyoMki kSaNikatva Adi meM hone vAle nirvikalpa darzana ko kSaNakSayAdi meM vAsanA ke jAgRta karane kA abhAva siddha hone para vikalpa ke utpAdaka abhyAsa ke abhAva kI siddhi hotI hai aura abhyAsa ke abhAva kI siddhi hone para kSaNikatva meM utpanna nirvikalpa darzana ke vikalpa vAsanA ke prabodhakatva kA abhAva siddha hotA hai, ataH spaSTarUpa se parasparAzraya doSa AtA hai| isa kathana se nIla Adi se utpanna nirvikalpa darzana ke unakI vikalpa vAsanAoM ke prabodhakatva rUpa abhyAsoM se bhI anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai-yaha vyAkhyAna kara diyA gayA hai|
Page #214
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 201 tadvikalpotpattilakSaNobhyAsastatra ca sati taditi nIlAdAviva kSaNakSayAdAvapi darzanasyAsyAvizeSa eva, kvacidabhyAsasyAnabhyAsasya vA vyavasthApayitumazakteH / vastusvabhAvAnnIlAdAvanubhava: paTIyAMstadvAsanAyAH prabodhako na tu kSaNakSayAdAviti cet , kimidaM tatrAnubhavasya paTIyastvaM? tadvikalpajanakatvamiti cet tadeva kuta: ? tadvAsanAprabodhakatvAditi cet , soyamanyonyasaMzrayaH / spaSTatvaM tu yadi tasya paTIyastvaM tadA kSaNakSayAdAvapi samAnaM / prakaraNArthitvApekSo nIlAdAvanubhavastadvAsanAyA: prabodhaka ityapyasAraM, kSaNakSayAdAvapi tasyAvizeSAt / satyapi kSaNakSayAdau prakaraNerthitve ca tadvikalpavAsanAprabodhakAbhAvAcca nIlAdau na tadapekSaM kyoMki una nIla AdikoM kI vAsanAoM kA prabodhakatva hone para unake vikalpa jJAna ke utpanna hone rUpa abhyAsa kI siddhi hotI hai aura vikalpotpatti rUpa usa abhyAsa kI siddhi ho jAne para unakI vAsanA kA prabodhakatva siddha hotA hai ataH anyo'nyAzraya doSa hai| isa prakAra nIla Adi ke samAna kSaNakSayAdi meM bhI isa nirvikalpa darzana ke ho jAne meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai (donoM samAna hI haiN)| isalie kvacit (kahIM) nIla Adika meM to abhyAsa svIkAra karanA aura kSaNikatva Adi meM abhyAsa svIkAra nahIM karanA, aisI vyavasthApanA karanA zakya nahIM hai| . yadi bauddha kahe ki vastu kA svabhAva hone se nIlAdi svalakSaNoM meM utpanna huA ati kuzala anubhava nIla Adika meM vikalpa jJAnoM kI vAsanA kA prabodhaka ho jAtA hai parantu kSaNikatva Adi meM utpanna huA anubhava vikalpa vAsanA kA prabodhaka nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki nIla Adi meM utpanna anubhava kI vaha dakSatA kyA vastu hai jo vAsanA ko jAgRta karake vikalpa ko utpanna kara detI hai ? yadi kaho ki vikalpoM ko utpanna karanA hI anubhava kI dakSatA hai to, vaha dakSatA anubhava meM kisase AI hai ? yadi kaho ki vAsanA ko jAgRta karane se anubhava meM dakSatA AI hai taba anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai| yadi kaho ki spaSTatA hI anubhava kI dakSatA hai-jo vikalpa ko utpanna karatI hai taba to spaSTapanA kSaNikatva Adi meM bhI samAna rUpa se vidyamAna hai ata: unameM bhI vikalpa jJAna utpanna honA caahie| bhAvArtha : saugata ke matAnusAra nIla Adi svalakSaNoM kA nirvikalpatva jJAna ke dvArA jaisA spaSTa anubhava meM AtA hai usI prakAra kSaNika padArthoM meM spaSTa anubhava hotA hai, anyathA kSaNikatva Adi vAstavika nahIM raha sakate haiM, kyoMki saugata ne vastubhUta padArtha kA hI pratyakSa honA mAnA hai| "abhyAsa, prakaraNa, buddhi kA cAturya aura arthIpanA, ye cAra saugata ne anubhava kI dakSatA ke kAraNa mAne haiM ataH prakaraNatva, arthitva Adi kI apekSA rakhane vAlA anubhava nIlAdi meM vAsanA kA prabodhaka hotA hai" aisA kahanA bhI asAra hai, kyoMki kSaNakSayAdi meM bhI cAra kAraNoM se dakSa anubhava vikalpa utpanna karA sakatA hai kyoMki kSaNika meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| ___ athavA-kSaNa kSayAdi meM prakaraNa aura arthitva ke hone para bhI anubhava una vikalpa jJAnoM meM vAsanA ke jAgRtatva kA abhAva hai tathA nIla Adi meM bhI una prakaraNa aura arthitva kI apekSA rakhane vAle nirvikalpa jJAna ko usa vAsanA kA prabodhaka kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta kArya-kAraNa bhAva meM vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai| 1. kAraNa ke hone para bhI kArya kA nahIM honA anvaya vyabhicAra hai aura binA kAraNa ke bhI kArya kA ho jAnA vyatireka vyabhicAra
Page #215
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 202 darzanaM tatprabodhakaM yuktaM, vyabhicArAt / nIlAdau darzanasya sAmarthya vizeSastatkAryeNa vikalpenAnumIyamAnastadvAsanAyAH prabodhako nAbhyAsAditi cet tarhi sAmarthya vizeSorthasyaiva sAkSAvyavasAyenAmIyamAno vyavasAyasya janakostu kimadRSTaparikalpanayA ? yatazca sAmarthyavizeSAddarzanaM vyavasAyasya janakaM tadvAsanAyAzca prabodhakaM tata evAtmA tajjanakastatprabodhakazcAstu / tathA ca nAmnyeva vivAdo darzanamAtmeti nArthe tattadAvaraNavicchedaviziSTasyAtmana eveMdriyAdibahiraMgakAraNApekSasya yathAsaMbhavaM vyavasAyajanakatveneSTatvAt tadvyatirekeNa darzanasyApratItikatvAcceti nivedayiSyate pratyakSaprakaraNe / tato nAdhyavasAyAtmA pratyeyodhigamorthAnAM sarvathAnupapannatvAt / puruSasya svavyavasAya evAdhigamo "nIla Adika ke nirvikalpa jJAna ke anantara usakA kArya nIla Adi ke savikalpa kA jJAna honA dekhA jAtA hai, parantu kSaNikatva ke jJAna ke pazcAt vikalpa kA jJAna rUpa kArya nahIM dekhA jAtA hai, ata: nIlAdi meM utpanna nirvikalpa darzana ke kArya rUpa vikalpa jJAna se nIla darzana ke vizeSa sAmarthya kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai| vaha anumAna se jJAta kiyA gayA vilakSaNa sAmarthya hI nIla Adi kI vikalpa vAsanA kA udbodhaka hai| abhyAsa, prakaraNa Adi vikalpa vAsanA ke udbodhaka nahIM haiN| jisa vizeSa sAmarthya se vikalpa vAsanA utpanna hotI hai, vaha sAmarthya kSaNikatva darzana meM nahIM hai, ataH kSaNakSayAdi meM vikalpa vAsanA jAgRta nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to nizcayAtmaka jJAna se anumAna kiyA gayA vizeSa sAmarthya hI artha ke sAkSAt nirNaya karAne kA janaka hai ata: adRSTa aprAmANika kalpanA karane se kyA prayojana hai ? arthAt prathama nirvikalpa jJAna utpanna karanA aura pIche usa nirvikalpa ke sAmarthya se savikalpa jJAna utpanna hotA hai-aisA mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM dikhatA hai| "athavA-nirvikalpa darzana (jJAna) sAmarthya vizeSa se vyavasAyAtmaka (nizcayAtmaka) jJAna kA utpAdaka hai aura vaha nizcayAtmaka jJAna vAsanA kA prabodhaka hai" isa prakAra kahane para to apane sAmarthya se AtmA hI usa nizcaya kA janaka aura usakI vAsanA kA prabodhaka ho jAyegA ataH syAdvAda aura bauddha siddhAnta meM nAma mAtra kA hI vivAda hai ki bauddha nirvikalpadarzana ko nizcaya kA utpAdaka mAnatA hai aura syAdvAda siddhAnta AtmA ko nizcayAtmaka jJAna kA utpAdaka mAnatA hai ataH AtmA aura darzana nAma mAtra kA bheda hai| svakIya jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama vizeSa se viziSTa AtmA hI indriya, mana:prakAza Adi bAhya kAraNoM kI sahAyatA se yathAyogya nizcaya jJAna kA janaka hotA hai, aisA syAdvAda siddhAnta meM iSTa hai| usa Atma dravya se atirikta nirvikalpa darzana kI kabhI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| isakA varNana Age pratyakSa jJAna ke prakaraNa meM kareMge ataH pramANa aura naya ke dvArA arthoM kA nizcayAtmaka adhigama hotA hai| pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA arthoM kA anizcayAtmaka darzana yA anadhyavasAya svarUpa jJAna nahIM hotA hai ataH saugata kA anumAna sarvathA anupapanna hai yuktiyoM se siddha nahIM hai|
Page #216
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 203 nArthavyavasAyastadvyatirekeNArthasyAbhAvAditi kecidvedAMtavAdinaH, tepi na tAttvikAH / puruSAdbhinnasyAjIvArthasya jIvAdisUtre sAdhitatvAt tadvyavasAyasyApi ghaTanAt / arthasyaiva vyavasAyo na svasya svAtmani kriyAvirodhAdityaparaH / sopi yatkiMcanabhASI , svAtmanyeva kriyAyAH pratIteH / svAtmA hi kriyAyAH svarUpaM yadi tadA kathaM tatra tadvirodhaH sarvasya vastunaH svarUpe virodhAnuSakteni:svarUpatvaprasaMgAt / kriyAvadAtmA svAtmA cet , tatra tadvirodhe kriyAyA nirAzrayatvaM sarvadravyasya ca niSkriyatvamupaDhauketa / na caivaM / karmasthAyAH kriyAyAH karmaNi kartRsthAyAH kartari pratIyamAnatvAt / yadi puna: jJAnakriyAyAH kartRsamavAyinyAH svAtmani karmatayA koI vedAntavAdI kahate haiM ki pramANa aura naya ke dvArA puruSa (AtmA) kA hI adhigama (nizcaya) hotA hai, padArthoM kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki AtmA ke sivAya anya padArthoM kA abhAva hai| isake uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki ve vedAntavAdI bhI tAttvika (vAstavika tattvoM ko jAnane vAle) nahIM haiN| kyoMki puruSa se bhinna ajIva padArtha kI "jIvAjIvAsava" Adi sUtra meM siddhi kI hai| isalie jJAna yA AtmA ke sivAya artha kA nirNaya honA ghaTita ho jAtA hai| pramANa aura naya ke dvArA artha kA hI nizcaya hotA hai, AtmA kA nahIM, kyoMki svayaM kI svAtmA meM kriyA nahIM hotI hai aisA koI (vaizeSika) kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAlA yadvAtadvAbhAvI hai (yogyAyogya kA vicAra karane vAlA nahIM hai) kyoMki svAtmA meM hI kriyA kI pratIti hotI hai| yadi svAtmA hI kriyA kA svarUpa hai to vahA~ svAtma kriyA kA virodha kaise hai ? anyathA (yadi svAtmA meM kriyA nahIM mAneMge to) sabhI vastuoM ke svarUpa meM virodha kA prasaMga hone se sampUrNa padArthoM ke svarUpa rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi svAtmA meM kriyA kA virodha hai, yahA~ svAtmA kI arthakriyA AdhAra svarUpa artha liyA jAya aura aisA karane para usa kriyAvAna meM usa kriyA ke rahane kA virodha mAnA jAyegA taba to sampUrNa kriyAyeM Azraya rahita ho jAeMgI aura sampUrNa dravyoM ke kriyArahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| parantu isa prakAra kriyAoM kA nirAdhArapanA aura dravyoM kI kriyA dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahI hai, pratyut karma meM rahane vAlI sakarma kriyA kA karma meM rahanA pratIta ho rahA hai aura kartA meM rahane vAlI akarmaka kriyAe~ karttA meM sthita dekhI jAtI haiM arthAt karma vAcya-vAkya meM karma ke anusAra kriyA dekhI jAtI hai| "mayA roTikA khAdyate" isa vAkya meM roTI rUpa karma ke anusAra kriyA ekavacana prathama puruSa hai| "ahaM roTikAM khAdAmi' isa kartR vAcya meM kartA "ahaM" ke anusAra uttama puruSa kI kriyA hai, ata: kartA aura karma ke anusAra kriyA kI pratIti hotI hai, arthAt kriyA sAzraya hai aura dravya sakriya hai| yadi phira kisI kA kathana ho ki karttA meM samavAya sambandha se rahane vAlI jJAna kriyA kA apane svarUpa se karmatva meM rahane kA virodha hai, kyoMki usa apane svarUpa se bhinna anya padArtha meM hI karmapanA dekhA jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane para to "jJAna ke dvArA maiM artha ko jAnatA hU~" isa sthala meM jJAna ke karaNatva ke sAtha bhI virodha hogA kyoMki kathaMcit kriyA se bhinna bhI karaNa dekhA jAtA hai (arthAt-vRkSa ko kATane vAlA kuThAra (karaNa) chedana kriyA se bhinna hai ata: jJAna kriyA kA kAraNa jJAna nahIM ho skegaa|)
Page #217
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 204 virodhastatonyatraiva karmatvadarzanAditi mataM, tadA jJAnenArthamahaM jAnAmItyatra jJAnasya karaNatayApi virodha: syAt kriyAtonyasya karaNatvadarzanAt / jJAnakriyAyAH karaNajJAnasya cAnyatvAdavirodha iti cet , kiM puna: karaNajJAnaM kA vA jJAnakriyA ? vizeSaNajJAnaM karaNaM vizeSyajJAnaM tatphalatvAt jJAnakriyeti cet , syAdevaM yadi vizeSaNajJAnena vizeSyaM jAnAmIti prtiitirutpdyet| na ca kasyacidutpadyate / vizeSaNajJAnena vizeSaNaM vizeSyajJAnena ca vizeSyaM jAnAmItyanubhavAt / karaNatvena jJAnakriyAyAH pratIyamAnatvAdavirodhe karmatvenApyata evAvirodhostu , vizeSAbhAvAt / cakSurAdikaraNaM jJAnakriyAto bhinnameveti cenna, jJAnenArthaM jAnAmItyapi prtiiteH| jJAyate'neneti jJAnaM cakSurAyeva jJAnakriyAyAM sAdhakatamaM karaNamiti cet na , tasya sAdhakatamatvanirAkaraNAt / tatra jJAnasyaiva sAdhakatamatvopapatteH / nanu yadevArthasya jJAnakriyAyAM jJAnaM karaNaM saiva jJAnakriyA tatra kathaM kriyAkaraNavyavahAraH, "jJapti rUpa jJAna kriyA se karaNarUpa jJAna bhinna hai isalie bhinna jJAna ke dvArA jJapti rUpa kriyA ho jAne meM koI virodha nahIM hai aisA vaizeSika ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha karaNa jJAna kyA hai ? kyA usa karaNa jJAna se bhinna jJapti kriyA hai ? yadi vizeSaNa jJAna ko karaNa aura vizeSya jJAna ko vizeSaNa, jJAna ke phala hone se jJAna kI kriyA kahate ho to isa prakAra kahanA taba siddha ho sakatA hai ki yadi vizeSaNa jJAna ke dvArA "maiM vizeSya ko jAnatA hU~" aisI pratIti utpanna hotI ho| parantu aisI pratIti kisI bhI jIva ko utpanna nahIM hotI hai apitu vizeSaNa jJAna ke dvArA vizeSaNa ko aura vizeSya jJAna ke dvArA vizeSya ko jAnatA hU~-aisI pratIti hotI hai (arthAt kRSNa varNa ke jJAna se gAya kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai, apitu kRSNa varNa ke jJAna se kRSNa kA aura gAya ke jJAna se gAya kA jJAna hotA hai|) "pratIti ke anusAra vastu kI vyavasthA hotI hai aura jJAna kriyA kI karaNatva se jJAna ke sAtha rahane kI pratIti ho rahI hai ata: koI virodha nahIM hai" aisA vaizeSika ke kahane para syAdvAda siddhAnta meM bhI kathaMcit bheda kI apekSA karmatva aura karaNatva meM koI antara nahIM hone se, jJAna kriyA kA jJAna ke sAtha karmatva ko prApta hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai-kyoMki aisI pratIti hotI hai| cakSu, Aloka, sannikarSa Adi karaNa, jJAna kriyA se sarvathA bhinna haiM, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki "maiM jJAna ke dvArA padArtha ko jAnatA hU~" aisI pratIti hotI hai| "jisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai-vaha jJAna hai" ataH isa nirukti artha se "jJAna zabda ke artha netra Aloka Adi hI jJAna kriyA ke sAdhakatama karaNa hote haiM," aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki netra Aloka Adi ko jJapti kriyA ke sAdhakatama kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai arthAt cakSu Adi indriyA~ tathA Aloka Adi jJapti kriyA ke sAdhakatama karaNa nahIM haiM apitu nimitta kAraNa haiM kyoMki jJapti kriyA kA sAdhakatama karaNapanA to jJAna ke hI siddha hai|
Page #218
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 205 pratItika: syAvirodhAditi cenna, kathaMcidbhedAt / pramAturAtmano hi vastuparicchittau sAdhakatamatvena vyApRtaM rUpaM karaNaM, nirvyApAraM tu kriyocyate , svAtaMtryeNa punarvyApriyamANaH kartAtmeti nirNItaprAyaM / tena jJAnAtmaka evAtmA jJAnAtmanArthaM jAnAtIti kartRkaraNakriyAvikalpaH pratItisiddha eva / tadvattatra karmavyavahAropi jJAnAtmA AtmAtmAnamAtmanA jAnAtIti ghaTate / sarvathA kartRkaraNakarmakriyAnAmabhedAnabhyupagamAt , tAsAM kartRtvAdizaktinimittatvAt kathaMcidabhedasiddheH / tato jJAnaM yenAtmanArthaM jAnAti tenaiva svamiti vadatAM svAtmani kriyAvirodha eva, paricchedyasya rUpasya sarvathA paricchedakasvarUpAdabhinnasyopagatezca / kathaMcittadbhedavAdinAM tu zaMkA : jo artha kI jJAnakriyA karane meM, jJAna karaNa hai vahI jJAna kriyA hai| unameM karaNa aura kriyA kA vyavahAra pramANa pratItiyoM se siddha kaise ho sakatA hai, kyoMki jJAnakaraNa meM aura jJAnakriyA meM paraspara virodha hai arthAt jo karaNa hai vaha kriyA nahIM hai aura jo kriyA hai vaha karaNa nahIM hai ? samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM jJapti kriyA aura karaNa jJAna meM kathaMcit bheda svIkAra kiyA gayA hai arthAt jaise agni kA dAhaka pariNAma aura dAhaka kriyA kathaMcit bhinna hai, kyoMki pramiti ko karane vAlA pramAtA AtmA vastu kI jJapti karane meM prakRSTa upakAraka rUpa se vyApAra karane vAle svarUpa ko karaNa jJAna kahate haiM aura vyApAra rahita zuddhajJAna rUpa dhAtu artha ko jJapti kriyA kahate haiM tathA svataMtra vyApAra karane vAlA kartA kahalAtA hai| aisA bahuta bAra nirNIta kara diyA gayA hai isalie jJAna svarUpa AtmA hI svakIya jJAna svarUpa ke dvArA jJAna svarUpa apanI AtmA ko aura AtmA se bhinna jIvAdi sAre padArthoM ko jAnatA hai| isa prakAra kartA, karaNa aura kriyA kA vikalpa pratItisiddha hI hai| usI prakAra jJAna meM karmapanA bhI (karma kA vyavahAra bhii)| "jJAnasvarUpa AtmA apane jJAnasvarUpa AtmA ko svakIya jJAna ke dvArA jAnatA hai" yaha ghaTita ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : praminoti jAnatA hai, isa kartRvAcya meM 'yuT' pratyaya karane para pramANa (jJAna) kartR sAdhana ho jAtA hai| "pramIyate'nena iti pramANaM" aisA karmavAcya meM 'yuT' pratyaya karane para pramANa karaNa sAdhana ho jAtA hai| "pramitimAtraM pramANaM" isa prakAra bhAva meM 'yuT' pratyaya karane para pramANa kA artha jJapti kriyA ho jAtI hai| jJAna padArtha meM aneka svabhAva haiM ata: bhinna-bhinna nimittoM kI apekSA jJAna ke karttApanA, karmatva, aura kriyAtva ye ghaTita ho jAte haiN| . syAdvAda siddhAnta meM kartA, karma aura kriyA meM sarvathA bheda svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| una kartA, karma aura kriyA meM kartAdi zakti ke nimitta se kathaMcit bheda kI siddhi hai| athavA eka hI jJAna yA AtmA meM kartA, karma aura kriyA kA sarvathA abheda bhI siddha nahIM hai, kathaMcit abheda kI siddhi hai| "isalie jJAna jisa svarUpa se jIvAdi padArthoM ko jAnatA hai usI svarUpa se apane svarUpa ko bhI jAnatA hai" isa prakAra kahane vAle ke svAtmA meM kriyA kA virodha avazya hai kyoMki isa prakAra kahane vAle ke siddhAnta meM, jAnane yogya svarUpa ko jJApaka svarUpa kAraNoM se sarvathA abhinna svIkAra kiyA gayA hai parantu kathaJcit bheda aura kathaJcit abheda mAnane vAle syAdvAdiyoM ke siddhAnta meM yaha doSa nahIM A sakatA hai|
Page #219
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 206 nAyaM dossH| nanu ca yenAtmanA jJAnamAtmAnaM vyavasyati yena cArthaM tau yadi tatonanyau tadA tAveva na jJAnaM tasya tatra pravezAt, svarUpavat jJAnameva vA tayostatrAnupravezAt / tathAca na svArthavyavasAya: / yadi punastau tatonyau, tadA svasaMvedyau svAzrayajJAnavedyau vA? prathamapakSe svasaMviditajJAnatrayaprasaMgaH tatra ca pratyekaM svArthavyavasAyAtmakatve sa eva paryanuyogo'navasthA ca / dvitIyapakSepi svArthavyavasAyahetubhUtayoH svasvabhAvayorjJAnaM yadi vyavasAyAtmakaM tadA sa eva doSo'nyathA pramANatvAghaTanAt / tato na svArthavyavasAya: saMbhavatItyekAMtavAdinAmupAlaMbhaH, syAdvAdinAM ___ "bauddha kA kathana syAdvAda siddhAnta meM sva aura artha kA nizcaya karane vAlA jJAna hai, vaha jJAna jisa svarUpa se apanA nizcaya karatA hai, apane ko jAnatA hai aura jisa svabhAva se padArthoM kA nizcaya karatA hai ve jJAna ke donoM svabhAva yadi jJAna se abhinna haiM to jJAna ke do svabhAva mAnane cAhie ; jJAna ko nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki jJAna kA una donoM svabhAvoM meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA haiN| donoM svabhAvoM ke svabhAva kA tAdAtmya sambandha hai ata: donoM svabhAvoM meM garbhita ho jAtA hai| yadi jJAna aura jJAna ke svabhAva abhinna haiM to akele jJAna ko mAnanA cAhie, usake do svabhAvoM ko nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki ye donoM svabhAva jJAna meM hI antarbhUta ho jAte haiM isalie svArtha kA nizcaya jJAna se nahIM hotA hai arthAt jJAna sva ko nahIM jAnatA hai| yadi ve donoM svabhAva jJAna se bhinna haiM taba kyA ve donoM svabhAva apane Apako svayameva jAna lete haiM ? athavA apane AdhArabhUta jJAna ke dvArA donoM jAne jAte haiM ? prathama pakSa (apane Apako svayameva jAnate haiM) ko grahaNa karane para to apane Apa apane ko jAnane vAle tIna svasaMvedI jJAna mAnane kA prasaMga AyegA vA unameM pratyeka ko sva aura artha kA nizcayAtmaka mAnane para, punaH do prazna uTheMge arthAt do svabhAva vAle ve tInoM jJAna vA eka jJAna jisa svabhAva se apanA aura jisa svabhAva se artha kA nirNaya karate haiM, ve svabhAva jJAna se bhinna haiM ? yA abhinna haiM ? yadi svabhAva jJAna se abhinna haiM taba to do svabhAva mAnane cAhie, jJAna ko nahIM, kyoMki jJAna svabhAva jJAna meM garbhita ho jaayegaa| athavA eka jJAna hI svIkAra karanA cAhie,svabhAva ke do bheda svIkAra nahIM karane cAhie kyoMki ve donoM svabhAva jJAna meM garbhita ho jAte haiN| yadi jJAna se svabhAva ko bhinna mAnate haiM to apane Apako jAnane ke lie tIna svasaMvedI jJAna ke mAnane kA prasaMga aayegaa| phira bhI praznamAlAoM kI zAMti na hone se anavasthA doSa aayegaa| ___ yadi dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra jJAna ke bhinna do svabhAvoM ko unake AdhArabhUta jJAna ke dvArA vedya mAnA jAyegA to sva aura artha ke nizcaya karAne meM kAraNabhUta una apane donoM svabhAvoM kA jJAna yadi nizcayAtmaka hai taba to uparikathita vahI anavasthA doSa AyegA arthAt bhinna do svabhAvoM ko jJAna ke dvArA sva nizcayAtmaka mAnane para bhinna-bhinna aneka svabhAvoM kI kalpanA karanI par3egI aura ve svabhAva bhI apane-apane AdhArabhUta jJAnoM ke dvArA jAnane yogya hoMge ata: anavasthA doSa aayegaa| anyathA (yadi apane svabhAvoM ko jAnane vAle jJAna yadi nizcayAtmaka nahIM hote haiM to) unameM pramANatva ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra pramANa ko nizcayAtmaka mAnA gayA hai parantu jJAna meM svArtha nizcayAtmakatva saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt jJAna svArtha nizcayAtmaka nahIM hai| "jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra ekAntavAdI ke dvArA kathita upAlaMbha
Page #220
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 207 na, yathApratIti tadabhyupagamAt svArthavyavasAyasvabhAvadvayAt kathaMcidabhinnasyaikasya jJAnasya pratipatteH / sarvathA tatastasya bhedAbhedayorasaMbhavAt, tatpakSabhAvidUSaNasya nirviSayatvAddUSaNAbhAsatopapatteH / parikalpitayorbhedAbhedaikAMtayostadrUSaNasya pravRttau sarvatra pravRttiprasaMgAt kasyacidiSTatattvavyavasthAnupapatteH / svasaMvedanamAtramapi hi svarUpaM saMvedayamAnaM yenAtmanA saMvedayate tasya hetorbhedAbhedaikAMtakalpanAyAM yathopavarNitadUSaNamavatarati kiM punaranyatra / yadi puna: saMvedanaM saMvedanameva , tasya svarUpe vedyavedakabhAvAt saMvRtyA tatsvarUpaM saMvedayata iti vacanaM tadA svArthavyavasAyaH / svArthavyavasAya eva svasyArthasya ca vyavasAya ityayoddhArakalpanayA nyvyvhaaraat| tato nAsaMbhavaH / svArthavinizcayasya svasaMvedanerthavyavasAyAsattvAdavyAptiriti cenna, jJAnasvarUpasyaivArthatvAt tasyAryamANatvAdanyathA bahirarthasyApyanarthatvaprasaMgAt / nanu svarUpasya bAhyasya (ulAhanA) syAdvAda siddhAntavAdI ke prati lAgU nahIM hotA hai kyoMki syAdvAdI pratIti ke anusAra usa vyavasthA ko svIkAra karate haiN| svakA nizcaya karane vAle aura artha ko nizcaya karane vAle donoM jJAna ke svabhAva jJAna se kathaJcit abhinna haiM, aise eka jJAna ke pratIta hote haiM arthAt eka jJAna hI svArtha parArtha kA nizcaya karatA hai yaha jJAna kA svabhAva hai| jJAna se jJAna ke svabhAva sarvathA bhinna yA abhinna nahIM haiM arthAt unameM bheda aura abheda kI asaMbhavatA hai| svabhAva aura svabhAvavAna meM kathaMcit bheda aura abheda svIkAra karane para bauddha dvArA kathita anavasthA doSa syAdvAda siddhAnta meM lAgU nahIM hote haiM ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA diyA gayA dUSaNa nirviSaya hone se dUSaNAbhAsa hai| . anya vAdiyoM ke dvArA kalpita bheda ekAnta yA abheda ekAnta meM anavasthA dUSaNa kI pravRtti hone para sarvatra pramANa siddha padArthoM meM bhI aneka dUSaNoM kI pravRtti kA prasaMga AtA hai kyoMki kisI bhI vAdI ke svakIya iSTatattva kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| sva saMvedana mAtra bhI apane svarUpa kA saMvedana karatA huA jisa svarUpa se saMvedana karatA hai, usa svabhAva kA apane kAraNabhUta saMvedana se sarvathA bheda yA ekAnta abheda rUpa kalpanA karane para upari kathita doSoM kA avatAra (utpatti) ho sakatA hai parantu anekAntavAda meM dUSaNa nahIM hai aura to kahanA hI kyA? ekAntavAda meM sarvatra dUSaNa A sakate haiN| . yadi punaH kaho ki saMvedana to saMvedana rUpa hI hai usa saMvedana kA apane svarUpa meM hI vedya aura vedakapanA hai vaha saMvedana svakIya svarUpa ko hI jAnatA hai saMvRtti (vyavahAra) se sva svarUpa kA vedana karatA hai, aisA bhedarUpa vacana kahA jAtA hai| vastutaH akele saMvedana meM kartA, karma, kriyA kaise bana sakate haiM ? isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddhoM ke prati jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to sva aura artha kA nirNaya karanA to svArtha kA nirNaya karanA hai| sva aura artha kA nizcaya karanA yaha bheda kathana vyavahAra naya se kalpita hai ataH sva aura artha kA nizcaya karanA doSa se dUSita yA asaMbhava nahIM hai| . svArtha ke nizcaya kA sva se vedana karane meM bAhya padArtha kA nizcaya honA vidyamAna nahIM hai, ataH pramANa ke svArtha vinizcaya isa lakSaNa kI avyApti hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ jJAna kA svarUpa hI artha ho jAtA hai| "aryyate gamyata ityarthaH" isa nirukti se jo 'jAnA jAtA hai' apane paryAyoM kA anugata
Page #221
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 208 cArthatve'rthavyavasAya ityastu , nArtha: svagrahaNena / satyaM / kevalaM svasmai yogyorthaH svAtmA parAtmA tadubhayaM vA svArtha ityapi vyAkhyAne tadgrahaNasya sArthakatvAnna doSaH / svarUpalakSaNethe vyavasAyasyApramANepi bhAvAdativyAptiriticet na, tatra sarvavedanasya prmaanntvopgmaat| na ca pramANatvApramANatvayorekatra virodhaH, saMvAdAsaMvAdadarzanAttathA vyavasthAnAt / sarvatra pramANetaratvayostAvanmAtrAyattatvAditi vakSyate / cakSurdarzanAdau karatA hai vaha artha hai, ata: vaha jJAna kA svarUpa hI gamyamAna hone ke kAraNa artha hai| anyathA bAhya ghaTAdi padArthoM ke bhI anartha kA prasaMga aayegaa| bhAvArtha : artha zabda kI nirukti se jaise ghaTa, paTa, Adi bAhya padArtha artha haiM aura jJAna ke viSaya haiM, usI prakAra jJAna bhI artha hai aura jJAna kA viSaya hai yadi jJAna ko artha nahIM mAneMge to bAhya padArtha bhI artha nahIM ho skte| zaMkA : yadi aMtaraMga jJAna ke svarUpa ko aura bahiraMga ghaTa, svalakSaNa, Adi padArthoM ko arthapanA iSTa hai, to pramANa kA lakSaNa 'artha kA vyavasAya karanA' itanA hI kahanA cAhie, svapada ke grahaNa se koI prayojana nahIM hai| samAdhAna : tumhArA kahanA satya hai parantu 'sva' zabda kA antima niSkarSa yaha hai ki jo pramANa kA viSaya artha hai, vaha sva ke lie yogya honA cAhie arthAt sva (jJAna) ke lie yogya arthasvarUpa hai aura anya para rUpa hai athavA donoM kA svarUpa svArtha hai, isa prakAra nirukti artha karane para sva kA grahaNa karanA hI prayojanIbhUta hai| athavA svAtmA, parAtmA aura ubhaya artha ko svArtha kahate haiM arthAt svapada ke binA "svayaM jJAna ke yogya sva, para aura ubhaya artha kA jJAna dvArA nirNaya hotA hai yaha artha nahIM nikala sakatA ataH sva, para aura ubhaya kA artha svArtha karane para 'sva' kA grahaNa karanA sArthaka hone se 'sva' kA grahaNa doSa nahIM hai| ___ "svarUpa lakSaNa ko artha mAnane para saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAyarUpa apramANa jJAnoM meM bhI vyavasAya kA sadbhAva hone se ativyApti doSa AtA hai arthAt jaise pramANa jJAna meM vastu kA nizcaya hai usI prakAra apramANa meM bhI vastu kA nizcaya pAyA jAtA hai ata: svArtha nizcayAtmaka pramANa kA lakSaNa lakSya (pramANa) aura alakSya (apramANa) meM jAne se ativyApti doSa se dUSita hai aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki svakIya svarUpa ko jAnane meM pramANa, apramANa rUpa sabhI jJAnoM ko iSTa kiyA hai| tathA pramANa aura apramANa ke ekatra sthAna meM rahane kA virodha bhI nahIM hai| svajJAna aMza ko jAnane meM mithyAjJAna aura samyagjJAna donoM pramANabhUta haiM kyoMki eka hI jJAna saMvAda-asaMvAda rUpa dekhA jAtA hai tathA mithyAjJAna meM bhI sva ko jAnane kI apekSA saMvAdakatva aura para padArthoM ko jAnane kI apekSA aMsavAdakatva hai ata: eka mithyAjJAna meM pramANa aura apramANa kI vyavasthA hai kyoMki sabhI jJAnoM meM pramANapanA aura apramANapanA kevala saMvAdakatva aura asaMvAdakatva ke AdhIna hai ? isakA varNana Age kreNge| 1. svaviSaya kI nizciti ko saMvAdakatva aura anizciti ko visaMvAda kahate haiN|
Page #222
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 209 kiMciditi svArthavinizcaMyasya bhAvAdativyAptirityapi na zaMkanIyaM , AkAragrahaNAt / na hi tatra svArthAkArasya vinizcayosti nirAkArasya sanmAtrasya tenAlocanAt / viparyayajJAne kasyacitkadAcit kvacitsvArthAkAranizcayasya bhAvAdapi nAtivyAptirvigrahaNAt / vizeSeNa dezakAlanarAMtarApekSabAdhakAbhAvarUpeNa nizcayo hi vinizcayaH, sa ca viparyayajJAne nAstIti niravadyaH svArthAkAravinizcayodhigamaH kAtsya'taH pramANasya dezato nayAnAmabhinnaphalatvena kathaMcitpratyeya: prmaannnyttphlvidbhiH| evaM ca pramANanayairadhigama ityatra sUtre pramANanayAnAM yatkaraNatvena vacanaM sUtrakArasya taghaTanAM yAtyeva, tebhyodhigamasya phalasya kthNcibhedsiddheH|| sArUpyasya pramANasya svabhAvodhigamaH phalam / tadbhedaH kalpanAmAtrAditi kecitprapedire // 30 // saMvedanasyArthena sArUpyaM pramANaM tatra grAhakatayA vyApriyamANatvAt putrasya pitrA sArUpyavat / pitRsvarUpo hi putraH pitRrUpaM gRhNAtIti lokobhimanyate na ca tattvatastasya grAhako nIrupatvaprasaMgAt / tadvadarthasarUpasaMvedanamarthaM cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana Adi meM 'kucha hai' aisA mahAsattA ke AlocanarUpa sva aura artha kA nizcaya ho jAne se pramANa kA lakSaNa avyApti doSa se dUSita hai| aisI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki sva AkAra ke artha ke nizcaya karane vAle pramANa meM vastu ke AkAra kA grahaNa hotA hai parantu nirvikalpa darzana meM svArtha kA vinizcaya nahIM hai| darzana meM kevala sAmAnya sattA mAtra kA avalokana hotA hai ata: vizeSa rUpa se svArthAkAra kA nirNaya karAne vAle pramANa, naya jJAna nahIM haiN| kisI vyakti ko kisI kAla meM kisI sthala para viparyaya jJAna meM apane artha ke AkAra kA sadbhAva hona se 'svArtha nizcayAtmaka' pramANa ke lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa nahIM hai kyoMki vinizcaya meM vi pada kA grahaNa hai, vizeSa rUpa se dezakAla aura manuSyoM kI apekSA bAdhA ke abhAva rUpa se nizcaya ko vinizcaya kahate haiN| vaha vinizcaya viparyaya jJAna meM nahIM hai, isa prakAra nirdoSa svArthAkAra ke vinizcaya kA sampUrNa rUpa se adhigama karane vAle pramANa kA aura ekadeza padArthoM kA vinizcaya karane vAle nayoM kA abhinna phalasvarUpa se kathaMcit nirNaya hotA hai arthAt ekadeza rUpa se padArtha kA nizcaya karane vAle nayoM ke aura sampUrNa padArthoM ko jAnane vAle pramANa ko jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ko una naya aura pramANoM ke svArtha ke nizcayAtmaka phala ko naya aura pramANa se kathaJcit bhinna hai aura kathaMcit abhinna hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| "pramANanayairadhigamaH" isa sUtra meM pramANa aura nayoM kA jo tRtIyAnta karaNa (vibhakti) se kathana kiyA hai isameM sUtrakAra kA vacana ghaTita ho hI jAtA hai, ata: naya aura pramANa se adhigama rUpa phala kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna siddha hotA hai| sArUpya pramANa kA svabhAva hI adhigama hai aura vahI phala hai ata: kalpanA mAtra se pramANa aura usake adhigama rUpa phala ko bheda rUpa mAna liyA jAtA hai, vAstava meM koI bheda nahIM hai, aisA koI (bauddha) kahate haiN||30|| saMvedana kA (jJAna kA) artha ke sAtha tadAkAra ho jAnA hI pramANa hai| kyoMki usa AkAra ko dene vAle viSaya meM grAhakapane se pramANa vyApAra karatA hai| jaise ki putra ko pitA ke sAtha ghaTanA karAne vAlA
Page #223
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 210 gRhNAtIti vyavaharatIti tat tasya grAhakatvAt pramANamarthAdhigatiH phalaM tasya tadarthatvAt / na ca saMvedanAdarthasArUpyamanyadeva svasaMvedyatvAdadhigativat / na hyadhigatiH saMvedanAdanyA tasyAnadhigamaprasaMgAt / tatastadeva pramANaM phalaM na punaH pramANAttatphalaM bhinnamanyatra kalpanAmAtrAditi kecit|| tanna yuktaM niraMzAyAH saMvitterdvayarUpatAM / pratikalpayatAM hetuvizeSAsaMbhavitvataH // 31 // na hi niraMzAM saMvittiM svayamupetya pramANaphaladvayarUpatAM tattvapravibhAgena kalpayaMto yuktivAdinastathA kalpane hetuvizeSasyAsaMbhavitvAt // vinA hetuvizeSeNa nAnyavyAvRttimAtrataH / kalpitorthorthasaMsiddhyai sarvathAtiprasaMgataH // 32 // na hi nimittavizeSAdvinA kalpitaM sArUpyamanyadvA kiMcidarthaM sAdhayati, manorAjyAderapi tthaanussNgaat| pitA kA sadRza AkAra hai kyoMki "pitAsvarUpa putra pitA ke rUpa ko grahaNa karatA hai" yaha loka mAnate haiM kintu vastutaH vicAra karane para putra usa pitA ke AkAra ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai| yadi ekAnta se aisA mAna liyA jAya to pitA ke ni:svarUpatva kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt svakIya AkAra ko putra ko de dene para pitA ke AkAra kA abhAva ho jAyegA usI prakAra artha ke AkAra vAlA jJAna svarUpa saMvedana artha ko grahaNa karatA hai, yaha kevala loka vyavahAra hai ki jJeya kA grAhaka hone se jJAna pramANa hai aura artha kA adhigama honA pramANa kA phala hai, kyoMki usa pramANa kI utpatti arthAdhigama ke lie hotI hai| arthAkAratA saMvedana (jJAna se) anya nahIM hai| jaise svasaMvedya hone se adhigama pramANa se bhinna nahIM hai kyoMki adhigati saMvedanA se anya nahIM hai| anyathA (yadi adhigati ko pramANa se bhinna mAnA jAyegA to) saMvedana ke bhI anadhigamatva kA prasaMga AyegA ataH vahI pramANa hai aura vahI phala hai| pramANa se bhinna koI dUsarA pramANa kA phala nahIM hai kevala pramANa aura pramANa se bhinna phala kI kalpanA karanA mAtra hai| aisA koI bauddha kahate haiN| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM: uparikathita bauddhoM kA kathana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki niraMza (ni:svabhAva) saMvitti ke pramANa aura pramANa ke phalasvarUpa do rUpatA kI kalpanA karane vAloM ke yahA~ hetu vizeSa kI asaMbhavatA hai||31|| svabhAva, atizaya, dharma Adi aMzoM se sarvathA rahita mAne gaye saMvedana ko svIkAra kara tattvoM ke prakRSTa vibhAga karake pramANa aura phala ina do kI kalpanA karane vAle bauddha yuktipUrvaka kahane vAle nahIM haiM kyoMki niHsvabhAva padArtha meM kisI vizeSa hetu kA honA saMbhava nahIM hai| hetu vizeSa ke binA anya vyAvRtti mAtra se kalpita artha prayojana kI siddhi ke lie nahIM hai anyathA sarvathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt kevala apramANa vyAvRtti se pramANapanA aura aphala vyAvRtti se phalapanA jJAna meM vyavasthita nahIM ho sakatA // 32 // vahA~ nimitta vizeSa ke binA kalpita sArUpya athavA anya manorAjya (manomodaka, mAnasika kalpanA viracita kAminI Adi) kisI bhI artha ko siddha nahIM karate haiN| kalpita vastu yadi kArya siddha karegI to manorAjyAdi ke bhI kArya siddhi karAne kA prasaMga aayegaa|
Page #224
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 211 nApyasArUpyavyAvRttitaH sArUpyaM anadhigativyAvRttitodhigati: saMvedanenaMzepi vastuto vyavahiyata iti yuktaM , daridrepyarAjyavyAvRttyA rAjyaM aniMdratvavyAvRttyA iMdratvamityAdivyavahArAnuSaMgAt / yadi punastatra rAjyAderabhAvAttadvyAvRttirasiddhA tadA saMvedanasya sArUpyAdizUnyatvAt kathamasArUpyAdi-vyAvRttiH ? yatastannibaMdhanaM sArUpyakalpanaM tasyAtra syAt / tato na sAkAro bodhaH pramANam / / prtikrmvyvsthaansyaanythaanuppttitH| sAkArasya ca bodhasya pramANatvApavarNanam // 33 // kSaNakSayAdirUpasya vyavasthApakatA na kim / tena tasya svarUpatvAdvizeSAMtarahAnitaH // 34 // yathaiva hi nIlavedanaM nIlasyAkAraM bibharti tathA kSaNakSayAderapi tadabhinnatvAdvizeSAMtarasya cAbhAvAt / tato nIlAkAratvAnnIlavedanasya nIlavyavasthApakatvekSaNakSayAdivyavasthApakatApattiranyathA tadAkAraNa bauddha : asArUpya vyAvRtti se sArUpya aura anadhigati kI vyAvRtti se adhigati hotI hai, ataH vastuta: niraMza saMvedana meM bhI isa prakAra kA vyavahAra hotA hai| isa prakAra bhI bauddhoM kA kathana karanA yukti saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki yadi niraMza saMvedana meM anadhigata kI vyAvRtti se adhigata rUpa phala kA aura asArUpya vyAvRtti se sArUpya kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, taba to daridra puruSa meM arAjya kI vyAvRtti se rAjya aura aniMdratva kI vyAvRtti se indratva ityAdi ke vyavahAra kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi kaho ki usa daridra meM rAjya Adi kA abhAva hone se arAjya vyAvRtti Adi kI siddhi nahIM hai taba to AcArya kahate haiM ki jaba niraMza saMvedana sArUpya, adhigama Adi svabhAvoM se zUnya hai, taba usa niraMza saMvedana se asArUpya vyAvRtti kaise ho sakatI hai? jisase ki una vyAvRttiyoM ko kAraNa mAnakara usa saMvedana ko pramANa rUpa sArUpya (tadAkAra) kI aura adhigama rUpa phala kI kalpanA karanA ho sake ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta sAkAra bauddha (jJAna) pramANa nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : AkAra kA artha, sva aura artha kA vikalpa karanA hai, aisA jJAna to prAmANika hai yaha jaina siddhAnta hai parantu AkAra kA artha pratibimba ko grahaNa karanA hai aisA sAkAra jJAna pramANa nahIM hai|... bauddha kA kathana- jJAna ko sAkAra mAne binA pratiniyata viSaya ko jAnane kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| isalie pratibimba ko dhAraNa karane vAle, sAkAra jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai // 33 // arthAt ghaTa jJAna ko ghaTAkAra svIkAra kiye binA ghaTa jJAna, ghaTa ko hI jAnatA hai, yaha vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| - jainAcArya pratyuttara meM kahate haiM-yadi jJAna tadAkAra hai to jJAna kSaNikatva svarga, mana zaktitva Adi svarUpa kI vyavasthA ko kyoM nahIM karA detA hai, una kSaNakSayAdika kA una nIlAdika ke sAtha abheda hone ke kAraNa jJAna meM tadAkAratA hai, svasvarUpatA hai| anya koI vizeSatA nahIM hai||34|| arthAt AtmA kI svarga prApaNa zakti ko jAnane ke lie bhI AtmajJAna se bhinna jJAna upayogI hote haiN| jisa prakAra nIla svalakSaNa ko jAnane vAlA nirvikalpaka jJAna nIla ke AkAra ko dhAraNa karatA hai, vaise hI nIla ke svabhAva svarUpa kSaNikatva, aNutva Adi kSaNakSayAdika ke AkAroM ko bhI dhAraNa karatA hai, kyoMki kSaNakSayAdi AkAra jJAna se abhinna haiM, tathA nIla ke AkAra kSaNikatva Adi ke AkAroM ke dhAraNa meM bhedasUcaka anya koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt vizeSAntara kA abhAva hai ata: nIlAkAratva hone
Page #225
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*212 vyabhicArAt na tadAkAratvAttadvyavasthApakatvaM sAdhyate / kiM tarhi tadvyavasthApakatvAttadAkAratvamiti cenna, svarUpavyavasthApakatvenAnekAMtAt // pramANaM yogyatAmAtrAtsvarUpamadhigacchati / yathA tathArthamityastu pratItyanatilaMghanAt // 35 // svarUpepi ca sArUpyAnnAdhigatyupavarNanam / yuktaM tasya dviniSThatvAt kalpitasyApyasaMbhavAt // 36 // se (nIla kA AkAra dhAraNa karane se) nIla saMvedana(jJAna) ko nIla viSaya kA vyavasthApaka mAna lene para kSaNa kSayAdika kI vyavasthApanA kI Apatti AegI, arthAt pratikSaNa naSTa hone vAle padArthoM ke pratibimba ko grahaNa karane kA vikalpa-saMvedana meM hIna mAnanA par3egA anyathA (yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) tadAkAra ke dvArA viSaya vyavasthA karane meM anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hogA arthAt padArthoM ke AkAra ko to jJAna jAnatA hai-usI prakAra kSaNakSayAdi ke AkAra kA vikalpa bhI jJAna meM hotA hai, kyoMki kSaNakSayAdi bhI AkAravAna hai, parantu bauddha mata meM kSaNakSayAdika ke AkAra ko grahaNa karane vAlA nahIM mAnA hai| .. bauddha kahatA hai ki padArtha ke AkAra ko grahaNa karane rUpa padArtha jJAna padArtha viSaya kI vyavasthA karA detA hai, isa prakAra jJAna meM tadAkAratva se 'tat' (usa) kI vyavasthA karA dene ko siddha nahIM kiyA gayA prazna : kisakI vyavasthA siddha kI jAtI hai ? uttara : tat (vaha hai usakI) kI vyavasthA karA dene se hI jJAna tat (padArtha) ke AkAra ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai, isalie vyabhicAra nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha bauddha kA kathana samIcIna nahIM haikyoMki jJAna ke dvArA svakIya svarUpa kI vyavasthA karA dene rUpa se anaikAntika doSa AtA hI hai, arthAta jJAna jisa padArtha kI vyavasthA karatA hai, usakA AkAra avazya letA hai, yaha vyApti ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki svasaMvedana pratyakSa apane jJAnasvarUpa kA vyavasthApaka to hai-parantu jJAna meM jJAna kA pratibimba nahIM par3atA hai| jisa prakAra pramANa (jJAna) apanI yogyatA mAtra se hI svakIya svarUpa ko jAna letA hai, usI prakAra jJAna svakIya yogyatA se padArthoM ko bhI jAna letA hai, aisI pratIti hotI hai aura pratIti ke anusAra hI vastu kI vyavasthA hotI hai, isase pratIti kA ullaMghana bhI nahIM hotA hai arthAt jJAna meM viSayoM kA AkAra mAnane se pratIti atikrama hotA hai, kyoMki smRti jJAna ke dvArA mRta manuSya ko jAnane para yA bhUtakAlIna padArtha kA smaraNa karane para athavA jyotiSa zAstra ke dvArA sUrya-candra ke grahaNa jAnane meM padArtha kA AkAra pratibimbita nahIM hotA hai ata: jJAna ko padArtha ke pratibimba rahita mAnane para pratIti kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai||35|| jJAna ke svarUpa meM padArthoM kA tadAkAra hone para hI jJAna kA adhigama hotA hai-yaha kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai-kyoMki tadAkAratA dviniSTha (pratibimbya aura pratibimbaka donoM meM rahane vAlA dharma) hai ata: kalpita tadAkAratA akele jJAna meM asaMbhava hai| yadi akele jJAna meM tadAkAra kI kalpanA karate haiM to anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt jaise pratibimbaka darpaNa meM pratibimbya darpaNa kA AkAra par3anA mAnA jAegA to pratibimbya darpaNa bhI to pratibimbaka ho jAegA usI prakAra pratibimbaka jJAna meM pratibimbya jJAna kA AkAra par3anA mAnanA par3egA phira usako jAnane ke lie dUsarA jJAna mAnanA par3egA ataH anavasthA doSa hone
Page #226
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 213 kalpane vAnavasthAnAt kutaH saMvittisaMbhavaH / svArthena ghaTayatyenAM pramANe svAvRtikSayAt // 37 // nAyaM doSastato naiva sArUpyasya pramANatA / nAbhinnodhigamastasmAdekAMteneti nizcayaH // 38 // svarUpe pratiniyamavyavasthApakatvaM saMvedanasya sArUpyApAyepi bruvANaH kathamarthe sArUpyaM tataH sAdhayet / nirAkArasya bodhasya kenacidarthena pratyAsattivika bhAvAt sarvaikavedanApattirityayuktaM, svarUpasaMvedanasyApi tathA prasaMgAt / nanu ca saMvedanamasaMvedanAdbhinnaM svakAraNAttadutpannaM svarUpaprakAzakaM yuktameva anyathA tasyAsaMvedanatvaprasakteriti cet ,tIrthasaMvedanamapyanarthasaMvedanAdbhinnaM svahetorupajAtamarthaprakAzakamastu tasyAnyathAnarthasaMvedanatvApattiriti samAnaM / sarvasyArthasya prakAzakaM kasmAnneti cet , svasaMvedanamapi pararUpasya se padArthoM kI saMvitti honA kaise saMbhava ho sakegI ? (arthAt tadAkAratA jJAna karAtI hai-yaha ghaTita nahIM hotA hai|)apitu svAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama yA kSaya se jJAna ko apane viSaya ke sAtha sambandha karA dene vAle pramANa ke mAnane para koI doSa nahIM AtA hai, arthAt paTa kA jJAna paTa ko jAnatA hai, isakA kAraNa paTa jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hI hai, ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta tadAkAratA ko pramANatA nahIM hai| aura na pramANa se sarvathA ekAnta rUpa se bhinna adhigama pramANa kA phala hai ata: svAvaraNa kSayopazama lakSaNa yogyatA hI pratiniyata artha kI vyavasthA karatI hai||36-37-38|| saMvedana (jJAna) ke apane svarUpa meM tadAkAratA na hote hue bhI pratiniyata viSaya kI vyavasthApakatA ko kahane vAlA usa pratiniyata viSaya kI vyavasthApakatA se artha meM bhI tadAkAratA ko kaise siddha karA sakegA? arthAt nahIM karA sktaa| nirAkAra jJAna kA kisI artha ke sAtha nikaTatA yA dUratA kA abhAva hone se sarva padArthoM kA eka jJAna ke dvArA vedana hone kA prasaMga AegA, aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki bauddha siddhAnta meM bhI svasaMvedana pratyakSa ko nirAkAra mAnA hai ataH usa saMvedana pratyakSa ke bhI sampUrNa padArthoM ke eka sAtha jJAna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| prazna : asvasaMvedana se bhinna svasaMvedana pratyakSa svakIya kAraNoM se utpanna svarUpa prakAzaka hai, yaha yukta hI hai| anyathA (yadi svasaMvedana pratyakSa ko svaprakAzaka nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to) usake asaMvedana kA prasaMga AtA hai| uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to anartha saMvedana se bhinna svakIya kSayopazama Adi kAraNoM se utpanna artha saMvedana bhI artha kA prakAzaka ho jAtA hai anyathA (yadi arthasaMvedana meM bhI tajjanyatA, tadAkAratA Adi vizeSaNa lagAye jAyeMge to) usake anarthasaMvedana kA prasaMga aaegaa| isa prakAra bauddha siddhAnta kA svasaMvedana aura syAdvAda siddhAnta kA artha saMvedana donoM samAna hI haiM, donoM meM kucha bhI antara nahIM hai| jaba jJAna meM viSayoM kA AkAra hI nahIM hai to vaha jJAna sabhI padArthoM kA prakAzaka kyoM nahIM hotA hai ? aisA saugata ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta nirAkAra svasaMvedana pratyakSa jJAna bhI anya sabhI para padArthoM kA prakAzaka kyoM nahIM hotA hai? yadi bauddha kahe ki svasaMvedana meM svasvarUpa
Page #227
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 214 kasmAnna prakAzakaM ? svarUpaprakAzane yogyatAsadbhAvAt / pararUpaprakAzane tu tadabhAvAditi cet , pratiniyatArthaprakAzane sarvArthaprakAzanAbhAvAt samaH parihAraH / pratItyanatilaMghanasyApyavizeSAt saMvRttyA sArUpyepi saMvedanasya sArUpyAdadhigatirityayuktaM , tasya dviSThatvAdekatrAsaMbhavAt / grAhyasya svarUpasya grAhakAt svarUpAdbhedakalpanayA tasya tena sArUpyakalpanAdadoSa iti cet / tadapi grAhyaM grAhakaM ca svarUpaM / yadi svasaMviditaM tadAnyagrAhyagrAhakasvarUpakalpane pratyekamanavasthA / tadasvasaMviditaM cet kathaM saMvedanasvarUpamiti yatkiMcidetat / na cAyaM doSaH samAnaH saMvittiM svArthena ghaTayati sati pramANe svAvaraNakSayAt kSayopazamAdvA tathAsvabhAvatvAt pramANasya / tanna sArUpyamasya pramANamadhigatiH phalamekAMtatonAntaraM tata iti nishcitm|| prakAzana kI hI yogyatA hai, para padArtha ke prakAzana kI yogyatA kA abhAva hai, isalie vaha paraprakAzaka nahIM hai-to syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki-paTa jJAna meM svaniyata paTa ko prakAzana karane kI yogyatA kA sadbhAva hai-sarva padArthoM ke prakAzana karane kI yogyatA kA abhAva hai, ata: hamArA aura tumhArA kathana samAna hI hai aura doSoM kA parihAra bhI samAna hai aura svAvaraNa karma kSayopazama rUpa yogyatA ko mAna lene para to pratItiyoM kI ullaMghanA nahIM karAnA hamAre aura tumhAre samAna hI haiN| saMvRtti (vyavahAra) se kalpita saMvedana kI tadAkAratA meM bhI tadAkAratA se hI sva kA adhigama honA mAnanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki tadAkAratA (sadRzatva) dviSThatva (do meM rahatI) hai| saMyoga, sadRza Adi. do padArthoM kA eka padArtha meM rahanA asaMbhava hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki grAhya aura grAhaka ke bheda se svasaMvedana ke do aMza haiM, ata: grAhya (AkAra ko arpaNa karane vAlA) svarUpa kI grAhaka (AkAra ko grahaNa karane vAlA) svabhAva se bheda kalpanA karane se usakI usake sAtha tadAkAratA kI kalpanA kara lene para koI doSa nahIM AtA hai, to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki svasaMvedana ke donoM grAhya aura grAhaka svarUpa yadi sva kA saMvedana karane vAle haiM, taba to phira inameM dUsare grAhya grAhakatva svarUpa kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| isa prakAra grAhya aura grAhakatva pratyeka kI kalpanA karane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi anavasthA ke bhaya se una svasaMvedana ke grAhya-grAhaka svarUpoM ko svasaMvidita nahIM mAneMge to svasaMvedana ko pratyakSa kaise kahA jA sakegA? ata: saugata kA nirUpaNa vastu ke svarUpa kA vAstavika kathana nahIM hai| isameM kucha bhI sAra nahIM hai, yadvA tadvA kathana hai| tathA ukta doSa bauddhoM ke samAna syAdvAda siddhAnta meM lAgU nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANajJAna saMvitti ko apane viSaya ke sAtha svAvaraNoM ke kSaya athavA kSayopazama se saMyojana karA rahA hai| aisA hone dene para viSaya aura viSayI kA svAvaraNa kSayopazama svarUpa yogyatA hI sambandha karA detI hai-kyoMki pramANa kA aisA hI svabhAva hai isalie viSaya kI tadAkAratA hI pramANa hai aura ekAnta rUpa se pramANa se sarvathA abhinna usa kA phala hai, aisA siddha nahIM hotA hai yaha nizcita hai|
Page #228
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 215 bhinna eveti cAyukta svayamajJAnatAptitaH / pramANasya ghaTasyaiva paratvAt svArthanizcayAt // 39 // yatsvArthAdhigamAdatyaMta bhinnaM tadajJAnameva yathA ghaTAdi / tathA ca kasyacitpramANaM na vAjJAnasya pramANatA yuktA // cakSurAdi pramANaM cedacetanamapISyate / na sAdhakatamatvasyAbhAvAttasyAcitaH sadA // 40 // citastu bhAvanetrAdeH pramANatvaM na vAryate / tatsAdhakatamatvasya kathaMcidupapattitaH // 41 // sAdhakatamatvaM pramANatvena vyAptaM tadarthaparicchittau cakSarAderupalabhyamAnaM pramANatvaM sAdhayatIti yadISyate tadA tadrvyacakSurAdi bhAvacakSurAdi vA ? na tAvadrvyanetrAdi tasya sAdhakatamatvAsiddheH / na hi tatsAdhakatama svArthaparicchittAvacetanatvAdviSayavat / yattu sAdhakatamaM taccetanaM dRSTaM yathA vizeSaNajJAnaM vizeSyaparicchittau / tathA sva aura artha ke adhigama rUpa phala se pramANa ko sarvathA bhinna hI kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANa adhigama rUpa-phala sarvathA bhinna mAnane para pramANa ko ghaTa ke samAna jar3apane kI prApti hotI hai arthAt jo jJAnasvarUpa nizcaya se sabhI prakAra bhinna hai, vaha jar3a hai||39|| isako anumAna se siddha karate haiM-jo apane aura para padArthoM ke adhigama se pUrNa rUpa se atyanta bhinna hai (hetu), vaha ajJAna svarUpa hai (sAdhya) jaise ghaTAdi tathA (usI prakAra) jJAna bhI pramANa se sarvathA bhinna hone se kisI ke bhI pramANatA nahIM A sakatI kyoMki ajJAna ke pramANatA yukta nahIM hai arthAt ajJAna kI nivRtti rUpa pramiti cetana jJAna ke dvArA hI sAdhya hai| : "cakSu ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai, dhUma se agni kA jJAna hotA hai, zabda se zrutajJAna hotA hai isa prakAra acetana netra Adi bhI pramANa mAne gae haiM" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki una acetana netra AdikoM ke pramiti kA sarvadA sAdhakatamatva kA abhAva hai| cetana svarUpa netra Adi bhAvendriyoM ko pramANapanA niSiddha nahIM hai| kyoMki usa pramiti kriyA meM prakRSTa upakAraka karaNatva kI siddhi bhAvendriyoM meM kisI-na-kisI apekSA se ho jAtI hai, arthAt labdhi aura upayogAtmaka bhAvendriyA~ cetana svarUpa haiM aura cetana ko pramANatva abhISTa hai|40-41|| ___"pramiti ke sAdhakatamapane kI pramANa ke sAtha vyApti hai vaha artha kI jJapti meM (jJAna meM) sAdhakatamapanA cakSu Adi jar3a indriyoM dvArA upalabhyamAna hotA huA dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, ataH vaha cakSu Adi kA pramANapanA siddha karatA hai| yadi aisA kahate ho taba to hama pUchate haiM ki vaha artha paricchitti (jJAna) kA karaNapanA dravya cakSu Adi indriyoM ko mAnate ho ki bhAva cakSu Adi ko mAnate ho? dravya cakSu, rasanA Adi indriyA~ to pramiti kI sAdhakatama nahIM haiM, kyoMki unake arthajJAna ke prati sAdhakatamapane kI asiddhi hai| netra Adi dravyendriyA~ svArtha paricchitti meM sAdhakatama nahIM haiM kyoMki dravyendriyA~ acetana haiM, jo acetana hai, ve artha paricchitti ke sAdhakatama nahIM haiM- jaise indriyoM ke viSaya ghaTa-paTa Adi acetana padArtha pramiti ke sAdhakatama nahIM haiM, jo artha jJAna meM sAdhakatama hotA hai, vaha cetana dekhA gayA hai (vaha cetana hotA hai) jaise cetana viziSTa vizeSaNa hI, vizeSya kI paricchitti meM sAdhakatama hotA hai| paudgalika dravya netrAdika indriyA~ cetana nahIM haiM ataH pramiti kI sAdhakatama nahIM haiM jisase ki ve pramANa siddhi kara sakatI hoM, arthAt dravyendriyA~ pramANa kI siddhi nahIM kara sakatI haiN| 1. nAma karma ke nimitta se hone vAlI bAhya cakSu Adi indriyoM kI racanA dravyendriya hai aura jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna artha grahaNa karane kI zaktirUpa labdhi aura tajjanya vyApAra rUpa upayoga bhAvendriya hai|
Page #229
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 216 na ca cetanaM paugalika dravyanayanAdIti na sAdhakatamaM, yataH pramANaM siddhayet / chidau parazvAdinA sAdhakatamena vyabhicAra iti cenna, svArthaparicchittau sAdhakatamatvAbhAvasya sAdhyatvAt / na hi sarvatra sAdhakatamatvaM pramANatvena vyAptaM parazvAderapi pramANatvaprasaMgAt / bhAvanetrAdicetanaM pramANamiti tu nAniSTaM tasya kathaMcitsAdhakatamatvopapatteH, Atmopayogasya svArthapramitau sAdhakatamatvAttasya bhaaveNdriytvopgmaat|| hAnAdivedanaM bhinnaM phalamiSTaM pramANataH / tadabhinnaM punaH svArthAjJAnavyAvartanaM samam // 42 // syAdvAdAzrayaNe yuktametadapyanyathA na tu / hAnAdivedanasyApi pramANAdibhidekSaNAt // 43 // hAnopAdAnAnapekSyaM jJAnaM vyavahitaM phalaM pramANasyAjJAnavyAvRttiravyavahitamityapi syAdvAdAzrayaNe yuktamanyathA tadayogAt , hAnAdijJAnasyApi pramANAt kathaMcidavyavadhAnopalabdheH sarvathA vyavahitatvAsiddheH / tathAhi "parazu (kuThAra) Adi acetana padArtha chedana kriyA meM sAdhakatama hote haiM, ata: cetana padArtha hI arthakriyA meM sAdhakatama haiM-yaha hetu anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai- cetana aura acetana donoM hI sAdhakatama haiM" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki pUrvokta anumAna ke dvArA svArtha paricchitti meM sAdhakatamatva ke abhAva ko sAdhya kiyA hai, arthAt kuThAra Adi jJapti kriyA ke sAdhakatama nahIM haiM-apitu chedana kriyA ke sAdhakatama haiN| sabhI kriyAoM kA sAdhakatamapanA pramANa ke sAtha vyApti nahIM rakhatA hai| anyathA kuThAra Adi ke bhI pramANatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| cetana svarUpa bhAva indriya netra Adi ko pramANa ke prati sAdhakatama mAnanA aniSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki bhAvendriyoM meM kathaJcit artha pramiti ke prati sAdhakatamapanA hai| AtmA ke upayoga ko svArtha paricchitti meM sAdhakatamapanA hai aura jaina siddhAnta meM upayoga hI bhAvendriya hai| heya padArthoM ke tyAga kA jJAna karAnA, Adi zabda se upAdeya (grahaNa karane yogya) padArthoM ko upAdAna samajhanA aura upekSaNIya padArthoM meM upekSA (rAga dveSa nivRtti) kA jJAna hone rUpa pramANa kA phala pramANa se bhinna hai aura eka sAtha hone vAlA svArtha ajJAna kI nivRtti rUpa phala pramANa se abhinna hai, isa prakAra syAdvAda kA Azraya lene para yaha bheda-abheda kI vyavasthA karanA yukta bhI hai| anyathA (saugata matAnusAra sarvathA pramANa se phala ko abhinna aura vaizeSika matAnusAra sarvathA bhinna mAnanA) samucita nahIM hai, arthAta hAnopAdAna aura upekSA rUpa pramANa kA phala pramANa se kathaMcita bhinna aura kathaJcita abhinna hai| sarvathA bhinna yA abhinna nahIM hai, kyoMki hAnAdi jJAna ke bhI pramANa se kathaMcit abhedapanA dRSTigocara hotA hai|42-43|| bhAvArtha : hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA rUpa phalajJAna kabhI jJAna ke samaya hI utpanna hotA hai- kabhI kucha kSaNa ke bAda utpanna hotA hai-parantu ajJAna nivRttirUpa phala pramANa ke samaya hI utpanna hotA hai| heya ko chor3anA, upAdeya ko grahaNa karanA aura upekSaNIya padArthoM kI upekSA karanA, unameM rAgadveSa nahIM karanA pramANa kA vyavahita phala hai, arthAt ye jJAna hone ke bAda hone vAle haiM aura usa viSaya ke ajJAna kI nivRtti ho jAnA jJAna kA avyavahita (sAkSAt) phala hai, arthAt ajJAna kI nivRtti aura jJAna kI utpatti eka samaya meM hI (eka sAtha hI) hotI hai isa prakAra syAdvAda siddhAnta
Page #230
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 297 yenaivArtho mayA jJAtastenaiva tyjytedhunaa| gRhyetopekSate ceti tadaikyaM kena neSyate // 44 // bhedaikAMte punarna syAt pramANaphalatA gtiH| saMtAnAMtaravatsveSTepyekatrAtmani saMvidoH // 45 // na hyekena pramiterthe parasya hAnAdivedanaM tatpramANaphalaM yuktamatiprasaMgAt / yasya yatra pramANaM jJAnaM tasyaiva tatra phalajJAnamityupagame siddhaM pramANaphalayorekapramAtrAtmakayorekatvaM / na caivaM tayorbhedapratibhAso virudhyate vizeSApekSayA tasya vyavasthAnAta // paryAyArthArpaNAdbhedo dravyAdabhidAstu naH / pramANaphalayoH sAkSAdasAkSAdapi tattvataH / / 46 / / kA Azraya lene para hI kathaJcit bhedAbhedAtmaka kA kathana yuktisaMgata hotA hai anyathA (syAdvAda ke Azraya binA) pramANa aura pramANa phala kA ayoga hai arthAt syAdvAda ke binA pramANa aura pramANa ke phala kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| athavA kvacit heya, upAdeya aura upekSA rUpa phala jJAna bhI kathaMcit pramANa jJAna se avyavadhAna (vyavadhAna rahita) upalabdha hotA hai-arthAt jJAna aura jJAna kA phala donoM eka sAtha utpanna hote haiM, isalie heyAdi jJAna phala ke sarvathA pramANa se vyavahitapanA siddha nahIM hai| tathAhi-jisa maiMne yaha artha jAnA hai, usI mere dvArA isa samaya heya padArtha chor3a diyA jAtA hai, upAdeya kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura upekSaNIya padArtha kI upekSA kI jAtI hai, arthAt jo aprayojanIya hai usakI upekSA karane vAlA bhI maiM hI hU~ , maine hI jAnA thA, isa prakAra phala aura pramANa kA ekapanA kisa ke dvArA iSTa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, arthAt pramANa ke hAnabuddhi Adi phala bhI pramANa ke sama-samayavartI hokara avyavahita phala pratIta hotA hai| sarvathA bheda ekAnta meM pramANa aura pramANa ke phala kI gati nahIM ho sakatI arthAt sarvathA bheda ekAnta meM pramANa aura pramANa ke phala kA nirNaya nahIM ho sktaa| jaise santAnAntara kA jJAna dUsare ke jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai, usI prakAra apane abhISTa vivakSita eka AtmA meM utpanna sarvathA bhinna do jJAnoM meM pramANapane aura phalapane kA nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA hai||44-45|| ___"eka puruSa ke dvArA artha kI pramiti ho jAne para dUsare puruSa ke tyAga Adi kA jJAna usa pUrva puruSa ke pramANa kA fala hai| yaha kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai, jahA~ jisa puruSa ko pramANa jJAna hotA hai, vahA~ usI puruSa ke ajJAna kI nivRtti rUpa phalajJAna kI siddhi hotI hai, isa prakAra kA niyama hone para pramANa, pramAtA, pramiti aura pramANa ke phala meM abheda siddha hotA hai| anyathA kisI ko jJAna hogA aura dUsare ke ajJAna kI nivRtti hogI to kisI ke bhI ajJAna kI nivRtti ho jAegI paThana-pAThana Adi sarva vyartha hoNge| ___isa prakAra pramANa, pramAtA aura pramANa ke phala svarUpa pramiti meM kathaMcit abheda hone se (eka pramAtA hone se) pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM kathaMcit ekatva hai tathA kathaJcit bhedAbhedAtmaka svIkAra karane para pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM bheda kA pratibhAsa viruddha nahIM par3atA, kyoMki vizeSa kI apekSA pramANa aura pramANa ke phala kI vyavasthA hotI hai arthAt-kathaMcit pramANa se pramANa phala (ajJAnanivRtti) bhinna hai aura kathaJcit pramANa evaM pramANa kA phala abhinna hai, jJAna svarUpa hI haiN| syAdvAda siddhAnta meM paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM bheda hai aura dravyArthika naya kI apekSA karaNajJAnarUpa pramANa meM aura ajJAna nivRtti rUpa pramANa phala meM abheda hai| vAstava meM pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM sAkSAt aura asAkSAt samayabheda nahIM hai||46||
Page #231
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 218 sAkSAtpramANaphalayorabheda evetyayuktaM paryAyazaktibhedamaMtareNa karaNasAdhanasya bhAvasAdhanasya ca phalasyAnupapatteH / sarvathaikye tayorekasAdhanatvApatteH karaNAdyanekakArakasyaikatrApi kalpanAmAtrAdupapattiriti cenna, tattvataH saMvedanasyAkArakatvAnuSakte : / na cAkArakaM vastu kUTasthavat tayorasAkSAr3heda evetyapyasaMgataM, tadekopAdAnatvAbhAvaprasaMgAt / na ca tayobhinnopAdAnatA yuktA saMtAnAMtaravadanusaMdhAnavirodhAt / yadA punaravyavahitaM vyavahitaM ca phalaM pramANAdravyArthAdabhinnaM paryAyArthAdbhinnamiSyate tadA na kshcidvirodhstthaaprtiiteH| bhAvArtha : pramANa ke bAda ajJAna kI nivRtti hotI hai ata: paryAya zakti se pramANa ke phala meM bheda hai aura pramANa aura pramANa phala kA eka AtmA hI upAdAna hai-ata: ina donoM meM abheda hai| yadyapi pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM kAraNa-kArya bheda hai, pramANa kAraNa hai aura phala kArya hai-parantu donoM kA upAdAna eka hone se bheda nahIM hai| pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM sAkSAt (samaya kA vyavadhAna nahIM hone se) abheda hI hai, aisA ekAnta mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki paryAya rUpa bheda zakti ke binA karaNasAdhana aura bhAvasAdhana se siddha phala kI niSpatti nahIM ho sakatI sarvathA pramANa aura pramANaphala meM ekatA mAnane para pramANa zabda kI karaNa sAdhana yA bhAva sAdhana meM se kisI eka nirukti se zabda kI siddhi ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt jisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai-vaha pramANa hai-yaha karaNa sAdhana hai-sAdhakatama karaNa hai aura jAnanA mAtra pramANa hai-yaha bhAva sAdhana se niSpanna pramANa zabda pramANa kA phala hai, ajJAna kI nivRtti hai| __"karaNa sAdhana, kartRsAdhana, bhAva sAdhana Adi aneka kArakoM kI eka padArtha meM kevala kalpanA se hI siddhi hotI hai|" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para saMvedana ko bhI vAstavika rUpa se akArakatva (kAraka ke abhAva) kA prasaMga AyegA, parantu bauddha siddhAnta meM karttAkAraka, karaNa kAraka Adi kA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai, ata: kUTastha nitya ke samAna vastu akAraka nahIM hai arthAt jaise kUTastha nitya meM arthakriyA na hone se vaha kUTastha nitya vastubhUta nahIM hai, usI prakAra kArakoM ke binA bhI padArtha vastubhUta nahIM rahate haiN| "pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM asAkSAt (samaya kA vyavadhAna, antarAla hone se) bheda hI hai," aisA kahanA bhI asaMgata (pUrvApara virodha yukta) hai kyoMki pramANa aura pramANa ke phala meM sarvathA bheda mAnane para donoM meM eka upAdAna ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| una donoM meM bhinna upAdAnatA mAnanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki ina donoM meM bhinna upAdAnatA mAnane para santAnAntara ke samAna anusaMdhAna (pratyabhijJAna) kA virodha AtA hai, arthAt jaise dhanadatta ke dvArA jAne gaye viSaya kA mahIdatta ke dvArA hAnopAdAna nahIM hotA hai usI prakAra pramANa aura phalajJAna kA bhinna upAdAna hone para "maiMne jo hAna upAdAna ko jAnA hai usako chor3a rahA hU~" isa prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna nahIM ho sakatA parantu jaba ajJAna nivRtti rUpa sAkSAt phala tathA hAna (tyAga) Adi buddhi rUpa vyavahita phala ye donoM dravyArthika naya kI apekSA pramANa se abhinna aura paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA bhinna svIkAra kiye jAte haiM taba anekAnta siddhAnta meM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra kI pratIti hotI hai|
Page #232
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 219 tatpramANAnnayAcca syAttattvasyAdhigamoparaH / sa svArthazca parArthazca jJAnazabdAtmakAttataH // 4 // jJAnaM matyAdibhedena vakSyamANaM prapaMcataH / zabdastu saptadhA vRtto jJeyo vidhiniSedhagaH // 48 // matyAdijJAnaM vakSyamANaM tadAtmakaM pramANaM svArthaM zabdAtmakaM parArthaM, zrutaviSayaikadezajJAnaM nayo vakSyamANaH sa svArthaH zabdAtmakaH parArtha: kAtya'to dezatazca tattvArthAdhigamaH phalAtmA sa ca pramANAnnayAcca kathaMcidbhinna iti sUktaM pramANanayapUrvakaH / zabdo vidhipradhAna evetyayuktaM, pratiSedhasya zabdAdapratipattiprasaMgAt / tasya guNabhAvenaiva tataH pratipattirityapyasAraM, sarvatra sarvadA sarvathA pradhAnabhAvenApratipannasya guNabhAvAnupapatteH / svarUpeNa isa kathana se yaha siddha hotA hai ki pramANa aura naya ke dvArA tattvoM kA adhigama hotA hai, vaha adhigama kathaJcit pramANa aura naya se bhinna hai, vaha adhigama svArtha aura parArtha ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| jJAnAtmaka adhigama svArtha hai aura zabdAtmaka adhigama parArtha hai; arthAt svArtha adhigama svayaM apane lie upayogI hai aura jo vacanAtmaka hai usase dUsare ko samajhAyA jAtA hai| mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ke bheda se jJAna kA kathana vistArapUrvaka Age kareMge tathA vidhi aura niSedha ke avalamba se zabda sAta prakAra ke jAnane cAhie // 47-48 // Age kahe jAne vAle matijJAnAdi tadAtmaka pramANa svArtha haiM arthAt jJAnasvarUpa hone se svakIya AtmA ke lie hai tathA zabdAtmaka jJAna parArtha hai; vaha zabda svarUpa hai, dUsare zrotAoM ke lie hai| zrutajJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye viSaya ko ekadeza jAnane vAlA naya hai| una kA kathana Age prathama adhyAya ke antima sUtra meM kreNge| jJAnAtmaka naya aura zabdAtmaka naya ke bheda se naya do prakAra kA hai usameM jJAnAtmaka naya sva svarUpa ko jAnane kA sAdhana hai aura zabdAtmaka naya dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke lie hotA hai| . sampUrNa rUpa se tattvArthAdhigama honA pramANa kA phala hai aura ekadeza tattvArthAdhigama honA naya kA phala hai aura vaha phala pramANa aura naya se kathaJcit bhinna hai aura kathaJcit abhinna hai isalie pramANa naya pUrvaka padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai-yaha kathana samIcIna hai| ____vidhi rUpa, niSedha rUpa, avaktavya, vidhi niSedha rUpa, vidhi avaktavya, niSedha avaktavya aura vidhi niSedhaavaktavya ke bheda se zabda sAta prakAra kA hai| zabda vidhi Atmaka hI hai, aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda ke dvArA vidhi honA hI mAnA jAyegA to zabda se pratiSedha kI apratipatti (pratiSedha ke jJAna nahIM hone) kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt zabda kA uccAraNa karane para vidhi kA hI jJAna hogA, niSedha kA nahIM, parantu zabda sunate hI vidhi aura niSedha donoM kA jJAna hotA hai, "ghaTa ko lAo" kahane para ghaTa kI vidhi aura bhaiMsa Adi kA niSedha hotA hai|
Page #233
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 220 3 mukhyataH pratipannasya kvacidvizeSaNatvAdidarzanAt pratiSedhapradhAna eva zabda ityapyanenApAstaM / kramAdubhayapradhAna eva zabda ityapi na sAdhIyaH, tasyaikaikapradhAnatvapratIterapyabAdhitatvAt / sakRdvidhiniSedhAtmanorthasyAvAcaka eveti ca mithyA, tasyAvAcyazabdenApyavAcyatvaprasakteH / vidhyAtmanorthasya vAcaka evobhayAtmano yugapadavAcaka evetyekAMtopi na yuktaH, pratiSedhAtmanaH ubhayAtmanazca sahArthasya vAcakatvAvAcakatvAbhyAM zabdasya pratIteH / itthamevetyapyasaMgatamanyathApi saMpratyayAt / kramAkramAbhyAmubhayAtmanorthasya vAcakazcAvAcakazca nAnyathetyapi pratItiviruddhaM, vidhimAtrAdipradhAnatayApi tasya prasiddheriti saptadhA pravRttorthe zabdaH pratipattavyo vidhiprtissedhviklpaat|| niSedha kI gauNatA hone se usakI pratipatti hone se vAstava niSedha kI pratipatti nahIM hai, isa prakAra kahanA bhI asArabhUta hai, kyoMki sabhI sthaloM meM sabhI kAla meM aura sabhI prakAra se pradhAna bhAva se apratipanna niSedha kI gauNa rUpa se asiddhi hai arthAt jo pradhAna rUpa se nahIM hai vaha gauNa rUpa se nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki apane svarUpa se mukhya rUpa se pratipanna (yukta) kI hI kisI sthala para kisI vizeSaNaM kI apekSA gauNatA dekhI jAtI hai arthAt mukhya rUpa se prasiddha siMha kA bAlaka meM adhyAropa kiyA jAtA hai| "zabda pradhAna rUpa se niSedha karane vAle hI haiM, arthAt zabda niSedha ke hI vAcaka haiM" aise ekAntavAda kA bhI isa kathana se nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai, ata: sarvathA zabda ko niSedhavAcaka kahanA bhI yukta nahIM hai| "krama se vidhi aura niSedha donoM kA pradhAna rUpa se zabda kathana karatA hai" aisA ekAnta bhI zreyaskara nahIM hai kyoMki vidhi aura niSedha meM se eka-eka kI bhI pradhAna rUpa se bAdhA rahita pratIti ho rahI hai| (jaise "zarAba nahIM pInA cAhie" isa vAkya meM zarAba ke pIne kA niSedha makhya rUpa se pratIta ho rahA haiM aura dUdha Adi ke pIne kI vidhi kI mauNa rUpa se pratIti hotI hai|) eka sAtha vidhi aura niSedha kA kathana karane vAlA zabda nahIM hai ataH zabda avAcaka (avaktavya) hI hai, aisA kahanA bhI mithyA hai kyoMki yadi sabhI zabda avAcya haiM to avAcya zabda ke bhI avAcaka kA prasaMga AyegA, arthAt zabda avAcya hai, aisA bhI kahanA zakya nahIM hai, kyoMki avAcaka kisI ke dvArA vAcaka nahIM ho sktaa| zabda vidhi Atmaka artha kA vAcaka hI hai aura vidhi, niSedha, dvaya svarUpa artha kA eka samaya meM eka sAtha vAcaka nahIM hai-aisA ekAnta mAnanA bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki pratiSedha svarUpa artha kA vAcakatva aura vidhi niSedhAtmaka ubhaya svarUpa artha ke eka sAtha avAcakatva se zabda kI pratIti ho rahI hai| isa prakAra pratiSedha rUpa artha kA vAcakatva aura vidhi niSedha rUpa artha kI eka sAtha avAcakatva rUpa se hI pratIti ho rahI hai, aisA ekAnta bhI susaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki anya prakAra vidhi, niSedha, vidhi niSedhAtmaka Adi rUpa se bhI zabda kI pratIti hotI hai| "zabda krama se vidhi niSedhAtmaka artha kA vAcaka hai aura akrama se vidhi niSedha ubhaya rUpa artha kA avAcaka hai, yahI zabda kA artha hai, anya prakAra se nahIM hai|" aisA ekAnta mAnanA bhI pratIti viruddha hai, kyoMki vidhi, pratiSedha Adi rUpa se bhI pradhAnatayA zabda kI prasiddhi hai, isalie sAta prakAra se zabda kI artha meM pravRtti hotI hai, isa prakAra jAnanA cAhie ataH vidhi niSedha ke vikalpa se bheda karane para vAcya dharma sAta prakAra ke haiM aura usake vAcaka zabdoM ke vikalpa bhI sAta prakAra ke haiN|
Page #234
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 221 - tatra praznavazAtkacidvidhau zabdaH prvrtte| syAdastyevAkhilaM yadvatsvarUpAdicatuSTayAt // 49 // syAnnAstyeva viparyAsAditi kazcinniSedhane / syAdvaitameva tadvaitAdityastitvaniSedhayoH // 50 // krameNa yaugapadyAdvA syAdavaktavyameva tat / syAdastyavAcyameveti yathocitanayArpaNAt / / 51 // syAnnAstyavAcyameveti tata eva nigadyate / syAvayAvAcyameveti sptbhNgyvirodhtH||52|| na hyekasmin vastuni praznavazAdvidhiniSedhayorvyastayoH samastayozca kalpanayoH saptadhA vacanamArgo virudhyate, tatra tathAvidhayostayoH pratItisiddhatvAdekAntamantareNa vstutvaanuppttersmbhvaat| svalakSaNe tayora pratItervikalpAkAratayA saMvedanAnna pratItisiddhamiti cet , kiM punarvyastasamastAbhyAM vidhipratiSedhAbhyAM zUnyaM una sAta prakAra ke vAcaka zabdoM meM kisI zabda se to prazna ke vaza se vidhi Atmaka (asti Atmaka) dravya meM pravRtti hotI hai jaise sva dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa svacatuSTaya kI apekSA vastu asti hai| tathA kabhI viparyaya (paradravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva rUpa catuSTaya) kI apekSA vastu nAsti rUpa hai ata: zabda niSedha kA vAcaka hai| vidhi aura niSedha donoM kA astitva eka sAtha rahane se ataH krama se una donoM kA vAcaka hone se zabda vidhi niSedhAtmaka hai tathA vidhi aura niSedha kI eka sAtha kathana kI vivakSA hone para zabda kathaJcit avaktavya hai| ___tathA yathAyogya ucita naya kI vivakSA karane para svarUpa catuSTaya vA bhAva vibhAva donoM ko eka sAtha kahane kI vivakSA karane para vastu kathaJcit astyavaktavya hai| ____ para dravya kSetra kI, yathAyogya yugapat kathana kI vivakSA se vastu kathaJcit nAsti avaktavya kahI jAtI hai| tathA sva dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura paradravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI tathA yugapat kathana karane kI vivakSA se vastu kathaJcit asti nAsti avaktavya svarUpa hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai, isa prakAra dharmoM ke avirodha se zabdoM kI pravRtti dvArA sAta bhaMga kI yojanA karanI caahie||49-50-51-52|| prazna ke vaza eka hI vastu meM pRthak-pRthak yA eka sAtha vidhiniSedha kI satya kalpanA ho jAne para sAta prakAra ke vacana mArga kI pravRtti viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki, eka hI vastu meM usa prakAra ke vidhi niSedha kI kalpanA pratIti siddha hai| sapta bhaMga meM vA vidhi niSedha meM eka hI dharma ke binA vastu kI siddhi honA asaMbhava hai arthAt vidhi aura niSedha meM se eka bhI vastu kA lopa kara dene para vastutva kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| svalakSaNa tattva meM vidhi niSedha kI pratIti nahIM hone se tathA vikalpAkAra jJAna kA saMvedana hone se vidhi, niSedha pratIti siddha nahIM hai, aisA saugatAnuyAyI bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM-ki vidhi rahita, niSedha rahita aura vidhi niSedha rahita svalakSaNa kabhI dRSTigocara huA hai kyA? arthAt jo vastu sva kI vidhi aura para ke niSedha se alaMkRta nahIM hai, vaha dRSTigocara bhI kaise ho sakatI hai|
Page #235
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 222 svalakSaNamupalakSyate kadAcit ? saMhRtasakalavikalpAvasthAyAmupalakSyata eva tadanaMtara vyucchittacittadazAyAmidamitthamastyanyathA nAstItyAdividhipratiSedhadharmavizeSapratIteH pUrva tathAvidhavAsanopajanitavikalpabuddhau pravRtteH / kevalaM tAn dharmavizeSAMstatra pratibhAsamAnAnapi kutazcidvibhramaheto: svalakSaNepyAropayaMstadapi taddharmAtmakaM vyavahArI manyate / vastutastaddharmANAmasaMbhavAt / saMbhave vA pratyakSe pratibhAsaprasaMgAdekatrApi nAnAbuddhInAM nivArayitumazakteriti kecit / tepi paryanuyojyAH / kutaH ? sakaladharmavikalaM svalakSaNamabhimatadazAyAM pratibhAsamAna vinizcitamiti / pratyakSata eveti cenna, tasyAnizcAyakatvAt / nizcayajanakatvAnnizcAyakameva taditi cet , tadyastitvAdidharmanizcayajananAttannizcayopi pratyakSostu tasya bauddha mata kA kathana- jisa samaya sampUrNa nitya, anitya Adi vikalpoM kA saMhAra (nirodha) kara. diyA jAtA hai, usa nirvikalpa avasthA meM vidhi niSedhoM se rahita svalakSaNa tattva dRSTigocara hotA hai usake bAda rAgadveSa kI avasthA meM cittavRtti ke nAnA vikalpoM se yukta ho jAne para "yaha isa prakAra hai" "anya prakAra nahIM hai" ityAdi vidhi niSedha dharma kI vizeSa pratIti hone laga jAtI hai, kyoMki pUrvakAlIna isa prakAra kI vAsanAoM se upajanita vikalpa buddhi meM prANiyoM kI pravRtti hotI hai kevala vikalpa buddhi meM pratibhAsita vidhi niSedha Adi vizeSa dharmoM ko bhI kisI vibhrama (bhrAnti) ke kAraNa se svaMlakSaNa meM Aropita kara liyA jAtA hai, usa vikalpa ko vyavahArI jana AtmA kA yA vastu kA svarUpa mAna lete haiN| niraMza svalakSaNa meM vidhi, niSedha Adi vikalpa nahIM haiM kyoMki vastuta: vikalpa vastu kA dharma nahIM hai| vikalpa honA asaMbhava hai, yadi vastu meM vidhi Adi kA vikalpa vAstavika hotA to una vikalpoM kA nirvikalpa pratyakSa meM bhI pratibhAsa hone kA prasaMga AtA tathA aisA hone para eka padArtha meM bhI aneka dharmoM kA jJAna ho jAne kA nivAraNa karane ke lie samartha nahIM ho skte| isa prakAra koI (bauddha) kahate haiM? isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM-ve bauddha isa prakAra pUchane yogya haiM, una bauddhoM ko hama pUchate haiM ki abhimata dazA meM sakala dharma se rahita svalakSaNa ke pratibhAsa kA nizcaya kisa jJAna se hotA hai? pratyakSa pramANa se isakA nizcaya hotA hai, aisA kahanA to ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saugata siddhAnta meM pratyakSa pramANa ko nizcayAtmaka svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki pratyakSa pramANa svayaM nizcayAtmaka nahIM hai parantu nizcaya kA janaka (utpAdaka) hone se nizcayAtmaka hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM taba to astitva, nAstitva Adi dharmoM kA vikalpajJAna rUpa nizcaya kA utpAdaka hone se una vikalpoM kA nizcayajJAna bhI pratyakSa pramANa ho jAeMge, kyoMki saugata ne pratyakSa pramANa ko nizcaya kA janaka mAnA hai, anyathA pratyakSa ke svalakSaNa ke nizcaya karane kA virodha AegA arthAt yadi pratyakSa nirvikalpajJAna nizcaya kA utpAdaka nahIM hogA to svalakSaNa kA nizcaya kaise karAegA? yadi bauddha kahe ki "astitvAdi dharmoM kI hRdaya meM sthita mithyA vAsanA ke kAraNa astitva Adi dharmoM kA nizcaya hotA hai ata: usa nizcaya kA janaka pratyakSa pramANa nahIM hai|" to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki "yaha sarvavikalpa rahita zuddha sva lakSaNa pratibhAsa hai," isa prakAra ke nizcaya kI utpatti bhI svalakSaNa kI vAsanA ke bala se vA vAsanA ke udaya se hogii| usa svalakSaNa ke nizcaya kA janaka pratyakSa jJAna nahIM ho sakegA arthAt astitva Adi dharma aura svalakSaNa Adi kI nizcAyaka vAsanA hI hai, yaha siddha hotA hai| svalakSaNa
Page #236
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 223 tannizcAyakatvopapatteH anyathA svalakSaNanizcAyakatvasya virodhAt / yadi punarastitvAdidharmavAsanAvazAttaddharmanizcayasyotpatterna pratyakSaM tannizcayasya janakamiti mataM tadA svalakSaNaM zuddhaM pratibhAtamiti nizcayasyApi svalakSaNavAsanAbalAdudayAnna tattasya janakaM syAt / svalakSaNenubhavanAbhAve nizcayAyogo na punarastitvAdidharmeSviti svaruciprakAzamAtraM / zrutimAtrAttaddharmanizcayasyotpattau svalakSaNanirNayasyApi tata evotpattirastu / tathA ca na vastutaH svalakSaNasya siddhistaddharmavat svlkssnnsy| tannizcayajananAsamarthAdapi pratyakSAtsiddhau taddharmANAmapi tathAvidhAdevAdhyakSAt siddhi: syAt / pratyakSe svalakSaNameva pratibhAti na tu kiyaMto dharmA ityayuktaM, sattvAdidharmAkrAMtasyaiva vastunaH pratibhAsanAt / pratyakSAduttarakAlamanizcitAH kathaM pratibhAsaMte nAma taddharmA iti cet, svalakSaNaM kathaM ? svalakSaNatvena sAmAnyena rUpeNa nizcitameva tat meM pratyakSa rUpa anubhava ke abhAva meM nizcaya kA ayAga hai parantu asti Adi dharmoM meM pratyakSa rUpa anubhava kiye binA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai aisA nahIM mAnanA svaruci mAtra kA kathana hai, arthAt svalakSaNa meM anubhava nahIM hone para nizcaya nahIM hotA hai, parantu astitva Adi dharmoM kA pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA anubhava nahIM hone para bhI nizcaya ho jAtA hai-aisA kahanA vyartha kA pralApa mAtra hai| kevala zabda ke sunane mAtra se hI astitva Adi dharmoM kI utpatti ho jAtI hai, aisA svIkAra karane para to svalakSaNa ke nirNaya kI utpatti bhI zabda kA sunanA hI kAraNa honA cAhie, arthAt svalakSaNa kA nirNaya bhI zabda sunane mAtra se ho jAnA cAhie, aisA hone para astitva Adi dharmoM ke samAna svalakSaNa kI bhI siddhi vAstavika nahIM ho sktii| ___ usa svalakSaNa ke nizcaya ko utpanna karane meM asamartha pratyakSa se svalakSaNa kI siddhi ho jAne para to astitva Adi dharmoM ke nizcaya ke utpAdana meM asamartha pratyakSa ke dvArA astitva Adi dharmoM kI siddhi ho jaaegii| (ata: svalakSaNa astitva Adi sAta dharmoM se rahita kaise siddha ho sakatA hai|) __ "pratyakSa pramANa meM svalakSaNa hI pratibhAsita hotA hai, kitane hI astitva Adi dharma pratibhAsita nahIM hote haiM" aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa pramANa meM astitva nAstitva Adi dharmoM se AkrAnta (vyApta) vastu kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki pratyakSa jJAna ke anantara uttara kAla meM jinakA nizcaya nahIM kiyA gayA hai-aise astitva Adi dharma pratyakSa pramANa meM pratibhAsita kaise ho sakate haiM, vA ye dharma vastu kA svalakSaNa hai yaha nirNaya kaise ho sakatA hai? isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-pratyakSa jJAna ke anantara jisakA nizcaya nahIM kiyA gayA hai usa svalakSaNa kA pratyakSa pramANa meM pratibhAsa kaise ho sakatA hai? "yadi kaho ki-pratyakSa ke anantara hone vAle nizcaya ke dvArA svalakSaNa sAmAnya rUpa se nizcita hI hai|
Page #237
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 224 pratyakSapRSTabhAvinA nizcayeneti cet , taddharmAH kathaM sAmAnyenAnizcitAH samAnAkArasyAvastutvAt / tena nizcitA na te vAstavAH syuriticet svalakSaNaM kathaM tena nizcIyamAnaM vastu st| tathA tadavastveveticet yathA na nizcIyate tathA vastu tadityAyAtaM / taccAnupapannaM puruSAdyadvaitavat / svalakSaNameva vastu sat svArthakriyAnimittatvAnnAtmAdyadvaitamityapi na satyaM, sattvAdidharmANAmabhAve tasya tannimittatvAsiddheH kharazRMgAdivat sarvatra sarvathaikAMtepyakriyAnimittatvasya nirAkRtatvAcca / bahiraMtarvAnekAMtAtmanyeva tasya samarthanAt kSaNikasvalakSaNasya tannimittatvamaMgIkRtyAzakyanizcayasyApi dharmANAM tatpratikSepe tAnyapyaMgIkRtya svalakSaNe tatpratikSepasya kartuM suzakatvAt / tathAhi-sattvAdayo dharmA evArthakriyAMkAriNaH saMhatasakalavikalpAvasthAyAmupalakSyate na svalakSaNaM tasya svavAsanAprabodhAdvikalpabuddhau pratibhAsanAt / kevalaM isa para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa kathana se svalakSaNa ke astitvAdi dharma sAmAnya ke dvArA anizcita kaise ho sakate haiM? yadi kaho ki avastu hone se sAmAnya AkAra kA vAstava nizcaya nahIM hai jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to pratyakSa jJAna ke anantara nizcita svalakSaNa vastu vAstavika sadbhUta kaise ho sakatI hai ? yadi kaho ki avAstavika sAmAnya se nizcita svalakSaNa bhI avastu hai, taba to jisa prakAra avAstavika sAmAnya se nizcaya kiyA gayA svalakSaNa avastu hai, usI prakAra sat Adi bhI avastu hoMge tathA nizcaya nahIM kiyA gayA svalakSaNa jaise vastubhUta hai, usI prakAra anizcita sat Adi dharma bhI vastubhUta haiM aisA siddha hotA hai| jisa prakAra puruSAdvaita, brahmAdvaita Adi kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai-usI prakAra ekAnta vAda meM svalakSaNa kI siddhi bhI nahIM ho sktii| "svalakSaNa tattva hI vastubhUta sat padArtha hai-kyoMki vaha svalakSaNa svakIya arthakriyAoM kA nimitta kAraNa hai| brahmAdvaita, puruSAdvaita, zabdAdvaita Adi arthakriyAoM kA kAraNa nahIM hai ata: vAstavika nahIM hai-isa prakAra bauddha kA kahanA ucita (satya) nahIM hai-kyoMki sattva Adi dharmoM kA abhAva mAnane para usa svalakSaNa ke arthakriyApanA siddha nahIM hotA hai jaise sattArUpa nahIM hone se gadhe ke sIMga, AkAza ke phUla Adi meM arthakriyAtva kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| sarvatra sarvathA ekAnta meM arthakriyAtva ke nimitta kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai tathA ghaTa, paTa Adi bahiraMga aura AtmA, jJAna Adi aMtaraMga padArthoM ke asti, nAsti, nitya, anitya Adi aneka dharmAtmaka hone para hI arthakriyA kA nimittatva siddha hotA hai, isakA samarthana kiyA hai| ___ eka kSaNa Thaharakara dvitIya kSaNa meM samUla naSTa ho jAne vAle svalakSaNa ko usa arthakriyA kA nimittapanA svIkAra karake jisakA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sake, aise svalakSaNa ke astitva Adi dharmoM kA arthakriyA ke nimittapane niSedha kiyA jaaegaa| aisA hone para to una dharmoM ko bhI arthakriyA kA nimittapana aMgIkAra karake svalakSaNa meM usa arthakriyA ke nimittapane kA niSedha AsAnI se kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___ usI ko spaSTa karate haiM-sampUrNa vikalpoM se zUnya nirvikalpa dazAmeM astitva Adi vastu ke dharma hI arthakriyA karate hue dRSTigocara hote haiM parantu svalakSaNa arthakriyA ko karatA huA dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| svakIya vAsanA ke jAgRta hone se usa vikalpa buddhi meM hI svalakSaNa pratibhAsita hotA hai| kevala vikalpa
Page #238
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 225 tatrAvabhAsamAnamapi taddharmedhyAropayan kutazcidvibhramAdarthakriyAnimittamiva janonumanyate paramArthatastasyAsaMbhavAt / saMbhavevAdhyakSe'vabhAsAnuSaMgAt citrasaMvidAM sakRdapanetumazakteH / svalakSaNasya vastutosattve kasyAyattA: sattvAdayo dharmA iti cet teSAM paramArthatosattve kasya svalakSaNamAzraya iti samaH paryanuyogaH / svarUpasyaiveti cet tarhi dharmAH svarUpAyattA eva saMtu svalakSaNamanirdezyaM svasya parasya vAzrayatvenAnyathA vA nirdeSTumazakyatvAditi cet tata eva dharmAstathA bhavaMtu virodhAbhAvAt / syAdvAdinAM zuddhadravyasyevArthaparyAyANAmanirdizyatvopagamAt / yathA ca vyaMjanaparyAyANAM sadRzapariNAmalakSaNAnAM nirdezyatvaM tairiSTaM tathA dravyasyApyazuddhasyeti naikAMtataH kiMcidanirdezya buddhi meM pratibhAsamAna svalakSaNa ko niSThatva sambandha se usake sattvAdi dharmoM meM adhyAropa karatA huA vyavahArI jana (saMsArI prANI) kisI bhrAnti se arthakriyA ke nimitta sadRza svalakSaNa ko mAna rahA hai| paramArtha se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai-taba to svalakSaNa ke arthakriyA ke nimittatva kI asaMbhavatA hI hai, arthAt stavika dharmoM meM asadapa svalakSaNa kA Aropa karanA asaMbhava hai. yadi svalakSaNa ke arthakriyA kI saMbhavatA mAnI jAyegI to pratyakSa jJAna meM hI pratibhAsita hone kA prasaMga AyegA aura aisA hone para dharma aura svalakSaNa ke citrasaMvid (aneka AkAra vAle jJAnoM) kA eka bAra bhI dUrIkaraNa azakya ho jAegA arthAt astitva Adi dharmoM kA khaNDana karane para yA unako svIkAra nahIM karane para svalakSaNa jJAna kI bhI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| - bauddha kahatA hai ki paramArtha se svalakSaNa kA asattva mAneMge-(svalakSaNa kA astitva svIkAra nahIM kareMge) to sattva Adi dharma kisake Azraya raheMge ? jainAcArya isake uttara meM kahate haiM ki-asti (sattva) nitya Adi ko paramArtha se asattva mAna lene para svalakSaNa kisake Azrita rahegA ? arthAt jaise agni ke binA uSNatA nahIM rahatI hai, usI prakAra uSNatA ke binA agni kaise raha sakatI hai-usI prakAra svalakSaNa ke binA sattva Adi dharma nahIM rahate haiM to sattvAdi dharma ke binA svalakSaNa bhI kaise raha sakatA hai ? isa prakAra donoM meM prazna sAmAnya hai| _yadi kaho ki astitva Adi dharma ke binA bhI svalakSaNa apane svarUpa se rahatA hai-to svalakSaNa ke binA bhI sattva Adi dharma apane svarUpa ke AdhIna rahate haiM, unako bhI svalakSaNa kA Azraya nahIM caahie| ... "yadi bauddha kahe ki svalakSaNa tattva avAcya hai, nirvikalpa rUpa hai ata: svAzraya vA dUsare ke Azraya se svalakSaNa tattva kA kathana karanA anupayukta hai, kathana karanA zakya nahIM hai" to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para to sattvAdi dharmoM kA bhI zabda ke dvArA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isameM virodha kA abhAva hai isa prakAra sarva padArtha avaktavya ho jaaeNge| - syAdvAda siddhAnta meM zuddha dravya ke samAna sUkSma artha paryAyoM ko anirdezyatva svIkAra kiyA hai| sUkSma artha paryAya ko bhI zabda ke dvArA avyakta mAnA hai| jisa prakAra sadRza pariNati lakSaNa vAlI vyaJjana paryAya ko zabda ke dvArA vAcya (kathana karane yogya) svIkAra kiyA hai, usI prakAra para dravya ke sAtha bandha ko prApta azuddha dravya ko bhI zabda ke dvArA vAcya mAnA hai, ata: ekAnta se dravya vAcya yA avAcya nahIM hai apitu syAdvAda naya kI apekSA kathaJcit nirdezya (vAcya) aura kathaJcit anirdezya (avAcya)
Page #239
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 226 nirdezyaM vA kutaH / samAnetarapariNAmA dharmA iti cet svalakSaNAni kutaH ? tathA svakAraNAdutpatteriti cet tulyamitaratra / svalakSaNAnyekakAryakaraNAkaraNAbhyAM samAnetararUpANItyayuktaM, keSAMcidekakAryakAriNAmapi visadRzatvekSaNAt kathamanyatheMdriyaviSayamanaskArANAM gaDUcyAdInAM ca jJAnAdeqharopazamanAdezcaikakAryasya karaNaM bhede svabhAvata evodAharaNArha / citrakASThakarmAdyanekakAryakAriNAmapi manuSyANAM samAnatvadarzanAt samAna iti pratIteranyathAnupapatteH / samAnAsamAnakAryakaraNAdbhAvAnAM tathAbhAva iti cet kutastatkAryANAM tathA bhAvaH ? ___ bhAvArtha : pratyeka padArtha ke sadRza pariNAma rUpa vyaMjana paryAya ke aMza zabda ke dvArA kahe jAte haiM parantu usake sUkSma aMza artha paryAya avibhAgI praticcheda zabda ke dvArA nahIM kahe jA sakate haiN| ataH dravya vyakta aura avyakta rUpa hai| 'UrdhvatA aura tiryak sAmAnya rUpa samAna pariNAma astitva Adi vastu ke dharma kaise (kisa pramANa se) siddha hote haiM ? bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM ke siddhAnta meM svalakSaNa tattva kisa pramANa se siddha hotA hai? yadi kaho ki svalakSaNa apane kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai ataH siddha hai taba to anyatra (astitva Adi dharma bhI) svakIya kAraNoM se utpanna hote haiM ataH svata: siddha haiM arthAt samAna pariNAma aura vizeSa pariNAma bhI apane-apane vizeSa kAraNoM se utpanna hone se vastu dharma haiN| "bauddha ke dvArA svIkRta svalakSaNa bhI eka kArya karane aura na karane kI apekSA samAna aura visamAna svarUpa ho jAte haiN| samAna dharma aura visadRza dharma pRthak-pRthak nahIM hai"-aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki eka kArya ko karane vAle kinhIM-kinhIM padArthoM meM visamAnatA (visadRzatA) dekhI jAtI hai, anyathA (yadi eka kArya ko karane vAle padArtha meM visamAnatA nahIM hotI to) indriya viSaya aura mana ko jJAna, sukha Adi meM se kisI eka kArya kA karanA kaise saMbhava hogA arthAt indriyA~ pudgala maya acetana haiM, unake dvArA jAnane yogya viSaya bahisthita hai aura mana aMtaraMga indriya hai, kintu indriya, viSaya aura mana ina tInoM kA saMyoga pAkara vijAtIya jJAna kArya kI utpatti hotI hai tathA giloya, kuTakI, cirAyatA Adi padArtha ke bhI jvara kA upazamana, khA~sI dUra karanA Adi kisI bhI eka. kArya kA karanA dekhA jAtA hai, anyathA ve kaI auSadhiyA~ eka roga ko dUra kaise kara sakatI haiM,-ataH svabhAva se bheda hone para bhI yaha udAharaNa dene yogya hai athavA citra likhanA, kASTha ko kATanA Adi aneka kAryoM ko karane vAle bhI mAnavoM ke samAnapanA dekhA jAtA hai| samAnatva dRSTigocara hone se samAnapanA pratIta hotA hai, anyathA ye citerA, bar3haI, rAja Adi samAna haiM, isa prakAra kI pratIti nahIM ho sakatI thI ata: anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hone se eka kArya ko karane aura na karane kI apekSA se samAnapane aura visamAnapane kI vyavasthA karanA ucita nahIM hai| jo samAna kArya ko karate haiM ve samAna padArtha haiM aura jo visadRza kAryoM ko karate haiM ve visadRza bhAva haiN| isa prakAra sadRza aura visadRza kAryoM ke karane se padArthoM ke sadRzapanA aura visadRzapanA vyavasthita hai| aisA bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki una sadRza, visadRza kAryoM kA samAnapanA aura asamAnapanA kaise hotA hai ? 1. eka paryAya meM hone vAlI samAnatA ko UrdhvatA sAmAnya kahate haiM jaise mAnava paryAya meM hone vAlI bAlaka vRddhatva Adi meM manuSya jAti smaantaa| eka jAti vizeSa meM hone vAlI samAnatA ko tiryak samAnatA kahate haiM jaise mAnava mAjava jAti kI apekSA samAna hai|
Page #240
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 227 samAnetarasvakAryakaraNAditi cet, sa eva paryanuyogonavasthA ca / tathotpattiriti cet sarvabhAvAnAM tata eva tathAbhAvostu / samAnetarakAraNatvAtteSAM tathAbhAva ityapyanenApAstaM, samAnetarapariNAmayogAdAstathetyapyasAraM, tatpariNAmAnAmaparathApariNAmayogAt tathAbhAvenavasthiteH / svatastu tathAtverthAnAmapi vyarthastathApariNAmayogaH, samAnetarAkArau vikalpani sinAveva svalakSaNeSvadhyAropyete na tu vAstavAvityapyayuktaM tayostatra spaSTamavabhAsanAt tadvikalpAnAM teSAM jAtucidapratipatteriti / tathApariNatAnAmeva svalakSaNAnAM tathAtvasiddhirapratibaMdhA tadvaddharmANAmastitvAdInAmapIti paramArthata eva samAnAkArAH paryAyAH zabdairnirdezyA: yadi kaho ki una kAryoM ne bhI sadRza aura visadRza apane uttaravartI kAryoM ko kiyA hai ata: ve sadRza visadRza mAne gaye haiM, taba to punaH una kAryoM ke kAryoM para bhI hamArA prazna upasthita rahegA aura bauddha vahI uttara degA ataH anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki isa prakAra samAna aura asamAnapane se padArthoM kI utpatti ho jAtI hai ? jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra se to sampUrNa padArthoM kI usI prakAra samAna aura asamAna rUpa se vyavasthA ho jAnI caahie| . "sadRza aura visadRza kAraNoM se utpanna hone se una padArthoM ke samAnatA aura asamAnatA hai", isa prakAra ke bauddhoM ke kathana kA bhI uparyukta hetu se nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai| samAna pariNAma aura visamAna pariNAma ke yoga se padArtha sadRza aura visadRza hote haiM aisA kahanA bhI nissAra haiM kyoMki una pariNAmoM ke sadRza visadRza ke niyama ke sivAya anya rUpa se pariNamana rUpa yoga se isa prakAra kA pariNamana hotA hai aisI vyavasthA hone para praznamAlA kI samApti nahIM ho sakatI, ata: anavasthA doSa AtA hai| ___ yadi svataH hI apanI yogyatA ke anusAra padArthoM ke sadRza, visadRza pariNamana hotA hai, aisA mAnate haiM taba to usa prakAra ke pariNAma kA sambandha mAnanA vyartha hai| bhAvArtha : sampUrNa padArtha apanI yogyatA ke kAraNa hI sadRza aura visadRza pariNamana karate haiM kyoMki sampUrNa padArthoM kA sadRza visadRza pariNamana honA tadAtmaka dharma hai| bauddha kA kathana- vikalpa jJAna meM pratibhAsita hone vAle padArthoM kA sadRza, visadRza AkAra svalakSaNa meM Aropita kiyA jAtA hai parantu ve sadRza, visadRza AkAra vastubhUta nahIM haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa kathana meM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai| kyoMki eka kI siddhi ho jAne para dUsare ko sAmarthya se siddha kahanA aura ki isa prakAra kA bauddhoM kA kathana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki svalakSaNa meM sadRza visadRza AkAra spaSTa rUpa se pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA pratibhAsita ho rahA hai AkAroM se rahita una svalakSaNoM kI kabhI bhI pratipatti (jJAna) nahIM hotI hai isalie sadRza aura visadRza rUpa AkAroM se pariNata svalakSaNoM kI sadRza visadRza kI siddhi hotI hai, isameM koI pratibandhaka nahIM hai| usI prakAra paryAyI ke samAna astitva, nAstitva Adi dharmoM kI paramArtha se siddhi ho jAne se samAna AkAra vAlI paryAyeM zabda ke dvArA nirdeza karane yogya
Page #241
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 228 paryAyivat / sUkSmAstvarthaparyAyAH kecidatyaMtAsamAnAkArA na tairnirdezyAH iti niravacaM darzanaM na punarvikalpapratibhAsinorvikalpAtmana eva samAnAkArAH zabdairabhidheyAH / bAhyArthaH sarvathAnabhidheya ityekAMtaH pratItivirodhAt / pratipAdayitrA ya evoddhRtya kutazcijjAtyaMtarAdarthAtsvayamadhigatya dharmI dharmo vA zabdena nirdiSTaH sa eva mayA pratipanna iti vyavahArasyAvisaMvAdinaH suprsiddhtvaacc| tadbhrAntatvavyavasthApanopAyApAyAt / nanvekatra vastunyanaMtAnAM dharmANAmabhilApayogyAnAmupagamAdanaMtA eva vacanamArgAH syAdvAdinAM bhaveyuH na punaH saptaiva vAcyeyattAtvAt vAcakeyattAyAH / tato viruddhaiva saptabhaMgIti cet na, vidhIyamAnaniSidhyamAnadharmavikalpApekSayA tadavirodhAt "pratiparyAyaM saptabhaMgI vastuni" iti vacanAt tathAnaMtA: saptabhaMgyo bhaveyurityapi nAniSTaM, pUrvAcAryairastitvanAstitvavikalpAtsaptabhaMgImudAhRtya koI arthaparyAya atyanta sUkSma haiM, ve asamAna AkAra zabda ke dvArA nirdeza karane yogya nahIM haiM arthAt atyanta vyakta mAnava, ghaTa, paTa Adi aura paryAyI zabdoM ke dvArA vAcya hai koI jJAnAMza, kaSAyAMza Adi sUkSma arthaparyAyeM zabda ke dvArA vAcya nahIM haiM isalie syAdvAda siddhAnta meM yaha nirdoSa siddha hai ki kathaJcit dravya vAcya hai aura kathaJcit dravya avAcya hai| bauddha mata ke anusAra asatya vikalpa jJAna meM pratibhAsita vikalpyasvarUpa sadRza AkAra hI zabdoM ke dvArA kahe jAne yogya hai parantu vAstavika bahiraMga ghaTa paTAdi padArtha vA aMtaraMga artha sarvathA avAcya hai isa prakAra bauddha kA ekAnta abhimata pratIti se viruddha hai| athavA, zabda ke avalambana se vastu kA kathana karane vAle vaktA ke dvArA koI sajAtIya evaM vijAtIya anya padArtha se uddhRta karake svayaM dharma aura dharmI ko jAnakara zabda ke dvArA kathana kiyA gayA hai vahI artha maiMne jAnA hai, isa prakAra kI avisaMvAdI pratyabhijJA pramANasvarUpa vyavahAra kI prasiddhi hai, usa pramANabhUta vyavahAra ko bhrAntatva kI vyavasthA karAne kA koI upAya nahIM hai, arthAt bauddha avisaMvAdI jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM, pratyakSa ke samAna pratyabhijJAna aura Agama jJAna bhI abhrAnta aura avisaMvAdI hai, ata: pramANa hai| aisA nahIM mAnatA hai, usakA khaNDana kiyA hai| prazna : syAdvAdiyoM ne eka hI vastu meM ananta dharmoM ko zabda ke dvArA kathana karane yogya svIkAra kiyA hai ata: ananta dharmoM ke kathana karane vAle vacana mArga bhI ananta hone caahie| jitane vAcya haiM utanI saMkhyA vAle vAcaka zabda hone cAhie ata: zabda sAta hI nahIM haiM, isalie syAdvAdiyoM ke sAta bhaMgoM kA samAhAra rUpa saptabhaMgI viruddha hI hai| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vidhAna karane yogya (vidhi) aura niSedha karane yogya dharmoM ke bhedoM kI apekSA una sapta vacana mArgoM kA honA viruddha nahIM hai| pratyeka paryAya kA avalambana lekara vastu meM sapta bhaMga hote haiM, aisA siddhAnta vacana hai tathA kathana karane yogya ananta dharmoM kI vidhi,niSedha dvArA ananta sapta bhaMgI kA ho jAnA bhI aniSTa nahIM hai| pUrva (samantabhadrAdi)
Page #242
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 229 "ekAnekavikalpAdAvuttaratrApi yojayet / prakriyAM bhaMginImenAM nayairnayavizArada" ityatidezavacanAt tadanaMtatvasyApratiSedhAt / nanu ca pratiparyAyameka eva bhaMgaH syAdvacanasya na tu saptabhaMgI tasya saptadhA vktumshkteH| paryAyazabdaistu tasyAbhidhAne kathaM tanniyamaH sahasrabhaMgyA api tathA niSeddhumazakteriti cet naitatsAraM, praznavazAditi vacanAt / tasya saptadhA pravRttau tatprativacanasya saptavidhatvopapatteH praznasya tu saptadhA pravRtti: vastunyekasya paryAyasyAbhidhAne paryAyAMtarANAmAkSepasiddheH / kutastadAkSepa iti cet tasya tnnaaNtriiyktvaat| yathaiva hi kvacidastitvasya jijJAsAyAM praznaH pravartate tathA tannAMtarIyake nAstitvepi kramArpitobhayarUpatvAdau ceti jijJAsAyA: AcAryoM ne bhI astitva, nAstitva Adi vikalpa se saptabhaMgI ke udAharaNa dekara kahA hai ki isa prakAra astitva, nAstitva dharmoM ke samAna eka, aneka, nitya, anitya, tat ,atat Adi uttarottara dharmoM meM bhI isa sapta bhaMga ke AdhIna hone vAlI prakriyA ko nayavAda meM pravINa syAdvAdI vidvAnoM ko yuktipUrvaka lagA lenA caahie| isa prakAra AcAryoM ke vAkya se usa saptabhaMgI ke anantapane kA niSedha nahIM hai kintu vidhAna hai, arthAt ananta dharmoM kI apekSA ananta sapta bhaMgiyA~ ho sakatI zaMkA : pratyeka paryAya kI apekSA vacana kA bhaMga eka hI honA cAhie , sAta bhaMga nahIM ho skte| kyoMki eka hI artha ko sAta prakAra se kahanA zakya nahIM hai| yadi indra, purandara Adi paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke dvArA usa saptabhaMgI kA nirUpaNa kareMge to sAta kA hI niyama kaise ho sakatA hai ? paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke dvArA to hajAroM bhaMgoM kA bhI niSedha karanA zakya nahIM hai arthAt paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke dvArA hajAroM bhaMga ho sakate haiM ___samAdhAna : aisA kahanA bhI sArabhUta nahIM hai, kyoMki saptabhaMgI prazna ke anusAra hI kahI gaI hai, kyoMki praznoM kI sAta prakAra se pravRtti hone para unake pratyuttara rUpa vacana bhI sAta prakAra ke hote haiM tathA praznoM kI sAta prakAra kI pravatti vasta meM eka paryAya ke abhidhAna meM anya paryAyoM ke pratiSedha, avaktavya Adi kA AkSepa karane para saptabhaMgI siddha hotI hai, arthAt eka paryAya kA abhidhAna (kathana) karane para usake sAtha gamyamAna chaha prakAra ke chaha dharmoM kA arthApatti se grahaNa ho jAtA hai, unako prazna meM DAlakara sAta bhaMga ho jAte haiN| prazna : una sAta bhaMgoM ke kathana se kyA lAbha hai ? uttara : vidhi rUpa eka dharma kA kathana nAstitva Adi chaha dharmoM ke binA nahIM ho sakatA hai, usakA unake sAtha avinAbhAva hai| jisa prakAra kisI meM astitva ko jAnane kI icchA hone para niyama se astitva kA prazna pravRtta hotA hai, usI prakAra usake astitva ke avinAbhAvI nAstitva meM bhI aura krama se vivakSita astitva nAstitva ke ubhaya rUpa yA astyavaktavya Adi meM jijJAsA sAta prakAra kI hotI hai ata: jijJAsu ke prazna bhI sAta prakAra ke ho jAte haiM aura una praznoM ke uttara meM diye gae vaktA ke vacana bhI sAta prakAra ke hote haiN|
Page #243
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 230 saptavidhatvAt praznasaptavidhatvaM tato vacanasaptavidhatvaM / kvacidastitvasya nAstitvAdidharmaSaTkanAMtarIyakatvAsiddhestajjijJAsAyAH saptavidhatvamayuktamiti cenna, tasya yuktisiddhatvAt / tathAhi-dharmiNyekatrAstitvaM pratiSedhyadhabhairavinAbhAvi dharmatvAt saadhnaastitvvt| na hi kvacidanityatvAdau sAdhye sattvAdisAdhanasyAstitvaM vipakSe nAstitvamaMtareNopapannaM tasya sAdhanAbhAsatvaprasaMgAt iti siddhmudaahrnnN| hetumanabhyupagacchatAM tu sveSTatattvAstitvamaniSTarUpanAstitvenAvinAbhAvi siddhaM, anyathA tadavyavasthiteriti tadeva nidarzanaM / nanu ca sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanasya nAstitvaM niyataM sAdhyasadbhAvestitvameva tatkathaM ttprtissedhytvaanupptteH| prazna : "kvacit astitva vA nAstitva Adi chaha dharmoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva kI asiddhi hone se unakI jijJAsA (jAnane kI icchAoM) ke saptavidhatva kA kathana karanA ayukta hai arthAt kahIM para eka astitva Adi dharma bhI raha sakate haiM, jaise- hiMsA karanA pApa hai, mithyAtva jIva kA zatru hai, Adi kathana meM kevala astitva kA hI kathana hai, inameM sapta bhaMga nahIM haiN| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa eka dharma kA chaha dharmoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva yukti se siddha hai, usI ko anumAna dvArA spaSTa karate haiN| aneka dharma vAle eka dharmI meM astitva dharma svakIya niSedha karane yogya nAstitva Adi dharmoM ke sAtha avinAbhAvI hai kyoMki vaha dharma hai, jaise bauddhoM ke svIkRta hetu kA astitva dhrm| isa anumAna meM diyA gayA sAdhanAstitva udAharaNa sAdhya aura sAdhanoM se sahita hai| kahIM para anityatva Adi sAdhya meM sattva Adi sAdhana kA astitva pakSa meM rahanA vipakSa meM nAstitva ke binA siddha nahIM ho sktaa| anyathA usa hetu ke hetvAbhAsa kA prasaMga AtA hai, arthAt jisa hetu meM pakSavRttitva dharma hai usameM vipakSa kI apekSA nAstitva dharma bhI hai, tabhI vaha samIcIna dharma hotA hai, isa prakAra sAdhanAstitva udAharaNa siddha hai| tathA hetu ko svIkAra nahIM karane vAle advaitavAdiyoM ke bhI apane abhISTa tattva kA astitva aniSTa tattva ke (nAstitva ke) sAtha avinAbhAvI hai, arthAt iSTa tattva kI siddhi pratipakSI dharma ke abhAva ke binA ho nahIM sktii| hiMsA pApa hai| yaha puNya ke abhAva ke binA siddha nahIM ho sakatI, anyathA apane abhipreta (iSTa) tattvoM ke sAdhana kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI, ataH apane abhipreta tattvoM ko dRSTAnta samajha lenA caahie| prazna : sAdhya ke abhAva meM sAdhana kA nAstitva niyata hai (nizcita hai) aura sAdhya ke sadbhAva meM sAdhana kA astitva niyata hI hai| isalie nAstitva ko astitva kA niSedha karane yogya (anupapanna) kaise kahate haiM (kyoMki ghaTa svarUpa kA ghaTa rUpa se niSedha karanA asiddha hai|)
Page #244
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 231 svarUpanAstitvaM tu yattatpratiSedhyaM tenAvinAbhAvitvena svarUpAstitvasya vyAghAtastenaiva rUpeNAsti nAsti ceti pratItyabhAvAt / tathA sveSTatattvestitvamevAniSTatattve nAstitvamiti na tatpratiSedhyaM yena tasya tadavinAbhAvitvaM siddhyet / tenaiva tu rUpeNa nAstitvaM vipratiSiddhamiti kathaM nidarzanaM nAma prakRtasAdhye syAditi cenna, hetostrirUpatvAdivirodhAt / sveSTatattvavidhau cAvadhAraNavaiyarthyAt / pakSasapakSayorastitvamanyatsAdhanasya vipakSe nAstitvaM bruvANaH sveSTatattvasya ca kathamekasya vidhipratiSedhayorvipratiSedhAnidarzanAbhAvaM vibhAvayet / kvacidastitvasiddhisAmarthyAttasyAnyatra nAstitvasya siddherna rUpAMtaratvamiti cet vyAhatametat siddhau sAmarthyasiddhaM ca na rUpAMtaraM ceti kathamavadheyaM kasyacit kvacinnAstitvasAmarthyAccAstitvasya siddhestato rUpAMtaratvAbhAvaprasaMgAt / soyaM bhAvAbhAvayorekatvamAcakSANaH sarvathA na kvacitpravarteta nApi kutazcinnivarteta yadi svarUpa se nAstitva ko usakA pratiSedhya mAnA jAegA to svarUpa ke nAstitva ke sAtha svarUpa astitva kA avinAbhAvI rUpa se kathana karane para vyAghAta doSa AtA hai arthAt apane svarUpa se hI astitva aura apane svarUpa se nAstitva mAnane para paraspara vyAghAta doSa AtA hai| tathA apane svarUpa se astitva aura apane svarUpa se hI nAstitva rUpa pratIti kA abhAva hai, tathA sva iSTa tattva kA astitva hI aniSTa tattva kA nAstitva hai| isa prakAra bhI vastu kA pratiSedha (abhAva) nahIM ho sakatA jisase astitva dharma ke sAtha nAstitva dharma kA avinAbhAva siddha ho sakatA ho| jisa rUpa se asti hai usI rUpa se nAsti hai| isameM tulya virodha vA vyAghAta doSa AtA hai, isalie prApta sAta dharmoM ke avinAbhAvI sAdhya ko siddha karane ke lie anumAna meM diyA gayA dRSTAnta kaise ThIka ho sakatA hai? __ uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para hetu ke tridhArUpatva kA virodha AtA hai (bauddha mata meM pakSasattva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti ye hetu ke tIna svarUpa mAne gaye haiN| unakI siddhi nahIM hotI) astitva, nAstitva Adi aneka dharmoM ko mAne binA cArvAka ke iSTa tattva ke vidhAna karane meM evakAra ke dvArA avadhAraNA karanA vyartha hai arthAt cArvAka ke siddhAnta meM pRthvI Adi cAra tattva haiM anya AtmA, puNyapApa, paraloka Adi nahIM haiM aisA vidhAna nahIM ho sktaa| - pakSa aura sapakSa meM hetu kA astitva bhinna hai aura vipakSa meM hetu kA nAstitva bhinna hai, aisA kahane vAlA apane abhipreta eka iSTatattva kI vidhi aura niSedha kA pratiSedha ho jAne se dRSTAnta ke abhAva kA vicAra kaise karegA ? arthAt iSTa, aniSTa tattvoM ke vidhi-niSedha kA avinAbhAva siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki iSTa tattva kI vidhi aniSTa tattva ke niSedha binA nahIM ho sakatI, aura aniSTa tattva kA niSedha vidhi ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| yadi bauddha kahe ki astitva kI siddhi ke sAmarthya se usakA dUsare sthAnoM meM nAstitva svayameva siddha ho jAtA hai ataH astitva aura nAstitva bhinna-bhinna padArtha nahIM haiM, to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa kathana meM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai| kyoMki eka kI siddhi ho jAne para dUsare ko sAmarthya se siddha kahanA aura
Page #245
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 232 tannivRttiviSayasya bhAvasyAbhAvaparihAreNAsaMbhavAdabhAvasya ca bhAvaparihAreNeti / vastutostitvanAstitvayoH kvacidrUpAMtaratvameSTavyaM / tathA cAstitvaM nAstitvena pratiSedhyenAvinAbhAve dharmarUpaM ca yatra hetau sveSTatattve vA siddhaM tadeva nidarzanamiti na tdbhaavaashNkaa| pratiSedhyaM punaryathAstitvasya nAstitvaM tathA pradhAnabhAvata: kramArpitobhayAtmakatvAdidharmapaMcakamapi tasya tadvatpradhAnabhAvArpitAstitvAdanyatvopapatteH / etena nAstitvaM kramArpita dvaitaM sahArpitaM cAvaktavyottarazeSabhaMgatrayaM vastutonyena dharmaSaTkena pratiSedhyenAvinAbhAvi sAdhitaM pratipattavyaM / kramArpitobhayAdInAM viruddhatvena saMbhavAnna tadavinAbhAvitvaM zakyasAdhanaM dharmiNaH sAdhanasya vAsiddheriti cet na, svarUpAdicatuSTayena kasyacidastitvasya pararUpAdicatuSTayena ca nAstitvasya siddhau kramatastadvayAdastitvanAstitvadvayasya sahAvaktavyasya sahArpitasvapararUpAdicatuSTayAbhyAM usako bhinna na mAnanA yaha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? arthAt jisake kAna hote haiM usake A~kha avazya hotI hai, aisA siddha hone para bhI A~kha aura kAna eka nahIM ho skte| kisI padArtha ke kisI sthAna para nAstitva ke sAmarthya se astitva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai taba to rUpAntara (bhinnasvarUpa) ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai, tathA bhAva aura abhAva ko sarvathA eka kahane vAlA (bauddha) kisI bhI prakAra se kisI bhI padArtha meM pravRtti aura nivRtti nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki usakI nivRtti kA viSaya bhAva padArtha abhAva ko chor3akara kucha nahIM hai aura abhAva kA bhAva ko chor3akara kucha nahIM hai| bhAva ko chor3akara abhAva saMbhava nahIM hai aura abhAva ko chor3akara bhAva saMbhava nahIM hai, isalie padArtha ke astitva aura nAstitva ko kathaJcit rUpAntara (bhinna) svIkAra karanA caahie| astitva dharma (pakSa) apane pratiSedha karane yogya nAstitva dharma ke sAtha avinAbhAvI (sAdhya) aura dharma svarUpa (hetu) hokara jisa hetu meM yA apane abhISTa tattva (dRSTAnta) meM siddha ho rahA hai, vahI hamAre anumAna kA dRSTAnta bana jAtA hai, ata: dRSTAnta ke abhAva kI AzaMkA bhI nahIM karanI caahie| jisa prakAra astitva kA niSedha karane yogya nAstitva hai usI prakAra pradhAnatA se vivakSita krama se arjita ubhayAtmaka asti-nAsti aura zabda ke avaktavya astyavaktavya, nAstyavaktavya aura astinAstyavaktavya ye pA~coM dharma bhI astitva ke pratiSedhya haiM, kyoMki usa nAstitva ke samAna una pA~coM ko bhI pradhAna bhAva se vivakSita hone se astitva se anya (bhinna) kI upapatti (siddhi) hotI hai arthAt isa prakaraNa meM pratiSedhya kA artha sarvathA tucchAbhAva nahIM hai apitu prakRta dharma se viparIta kathaMcit pratiyogI hokara sahayogitA rUpa meM eka sAtha rahanA hai| isa kathana se nAstitva, krama se vivakSita asti nAstitva, eka sAtha vivakSita avaktavya tathA astyavaktavya, nAstyavaktavya aura asti nAsti avaktavya ina astitva ke pratiSedhaka chaha dharmoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAle siddha kie gae haiM, aisA samajhanA caahie| koI kahatA hai ki krama se vivakSita ubhaya Adi SaT dharmoM kI viruddharUpa se saMbhAvanA hone se unakA paraspara avinAbhAvIpanA zakya sAdhana nahIM hai, arthAt siddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki jo ubhaya hai
Page #246
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 233 svarUpacatuSTayAccAstyaMvaktavyatvasya tAbhyAM pararUpAdicataSTayAcca nAstyavaktavyatvasya kramAkramArpitAbhyAM tAbhyAmubhayAvaktavyatvasya ca prasiddhevirodhAbhAvAcca dharmiNaH sAdhanasya ca prasiddheH / na hi svarUpesti vastu na pararUpestIti virudhyate, svapararUpAdAnApohanavyavasthApAdyatvAdvastutvasya, svarUpopAdAnavat pararUpopAdAne sarvathA svaparavibhAgAbhAvaprasaMgAt / sa cAyuktaH, puruSAdvaitAderapi pararUpAdapoDhasya tathAbhAvopapatteranyathA dvaitarUpatayApi tadbhAvasiddherekAnekAtmavastuno niSedhumazakteH pararUpApohanavatsvarUpApohane tu nirUpAkhyatvasya prasaMgAt / taccAnupapannaM / grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdizUnyasyApi saMvinmAtratvasya svarUpopAdAnAdeva tathA vyavasthApanAdanyathA pratiSedhAt / tathA sarvaM vastu svadravye sti na paradravye tasya svaparadravyasvIkAratiraskAravyavasthitisAdhyatvAt / svadravyavat paradravyasya svIkAre dravyAdvaitaprasakteH svaparadravyavibhAgAbhAvAt / tacca viruddhaM / jIvapudgalAdidravyANAM bhinnalakSaNAnAM prasiddhaH / kathamekaM vaha avaktavya hai aura jo avaktavya hai vaha asti nAsti rUpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra asti nAsti Adi paraspara virodhI haiM, avinAbhAvI nahIM haiM isalie eka vastu meM avaktavya Adi dharmI kI aura vizeSaNa rUpa sAdhana kI siddhi nahIM hai, asiddhi hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sva dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva rUpa catuSTaya kI apekSA astitva kI aura pararUpa dravya kSetra kAla bhAva kI apekSA nAstitva kI siddhi ho jAne para krama se unake ubhaya rUpa nAstitva aura astitva kA aura saha avaktavya kA koI virodha nahIM hai, usI prakAra svarUpa catuSTaya se astitva ke sAtha (astyavaktavya), para rUpAdi catuSTaya ke sAtha nAsti avaktavya kA (nAstyavaktavya), sva-para catuSTaya ke sAtha asti nAsti avaktavya ke virodha kA abhAva prasiddha hI hai| ye sAtoM dharma paraspara virodha rahita haiM ata: pakSa aura hetu kI prasiddhi hai| svasvarUpa se vastu asti svarUpa hai aura para rUpa se vastu nAsti svarUpa hai, isa kathana meM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki apane svarUpa kA grahaNa karanA aura para svarUpa kA tyAga karanA, isa vyavasthA se vastu kA vastupanA siddha hai| svasvarUpa ke grahaNa ke samAna yadi vastu para svarUpa kA bhI grahaNa karegI to sarvathA svapara ke vibhAga ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| (jisase saMkaratA doSa AyegA) ata: sva para ke vibhAga ke abhAva kA prasaMga ayukta hai| jo brahmAdvaitavAdI Adi vastu ko sarvathA eka svarUpa mAnate haiM unake yahA~ bhI para rUpa se rahita karane para hI AtmA, jJAna Adi kA advaitapanA bana sakatA hai, anyathA dvaita ghaTa, paTa Adi para rUpa se bhI advaita kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| advaitavAda bhI eka, aneka svarUpa vastu kA niSedha nahIM kara sakate tathA para svarUpa ke tyAga ke samAna yadi vastu apane svarUpa kA bhI pRthagbhAva karatI rahegI taba to vastu sva ke bhAvoM se zUnya hokara nirupAkhya ho jAegI, parantu vastu ko nirupAkhya kahanA anupapanna (ayukta) hai kyoMki grAhya-grAhaka bhAva, vAcya-vAcaka bhAva Adi se rahita bhI kevala advaita saMvedana mAtra kA grahaNa karane para usa prakAra kI vyavasthA ho sakatI hai anyathA usa advaita kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| arthAt grAhya grAhaka bhAva Adi ke kathana binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM hotI aura grAhya grAhaka bhAva dvaita meM hote haiM advaita meM nhiiN| tathA sarva vastu apane dravya meM hai, para dravya meM nahIM hai kyoMki vastu kI vyavasthA svadravya ke svIkAra aura para dravya ke tiraskAra se hI siddha hotI hai| sva dravya ke samAna paradravya ko bhI svIkAra karane para dravyAdvaita kA prasaMga aaegaa| svadravya aura paradravya ke vibhAga ke abhAva kA prasaMga aaegaa| parantu cetana, acetana Adi ke vibhAga kA abhAva pratIti viruddha hai, kyoMki bhinna-bhinna lakSaNa vAle jIva, pudgala Adi dravyoM kI prasiddhi hai, arthAt jIva pudgala Adi dravya pRthak-pRthak dRSTigocara hote haiN|
Page #247
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 234 dravyamanaMtaparyAyamaviruddhamuktamiti cet , jIvAdInAmanaMtadravyANAmanirAkaraNAditi brUmaH / sanmAnaM hi zuddha dravyaM teSAmanaMtabhedAnAM vyApakamekaM tadabhAve kathamAtmAnaM labhate / kathamidAnIM tadeva svadravyesti paradravye nAstIti siddhyet / na hi tasya svadravyamasti paryAyatvaprasaMgAdyatastatrAstitvaM / nApi dravyAMtaraM yatra nAstitvamiti cenna kathaMcit , na hi sanmAnaM svadravyesti paradravye nAstIti nigadyate / kiM tarhi, vastu / na ca tatsaMgrahanayaparicchecaM vastu vastvekadezatvAt paryAyavat / tato yathA jIvavastu pudgalAdivastu vA svadravye jIvatvenvayini pudgalAditve vA paryAye ca svabhAve jJAnAdau rUpAdau vAsti na paradravye parasvarUpe vA tathA paramaM vastu sattvamAtre svadravye svaparyAye ca jIvAdibhedaprabhedesti na parikalpite sarvathaikAMte kathaMciditi niravadyaM tathA svakSetresti parakSetre "eka dravya ananta paryAya yukta hai, yaha aviruddha kaise hai ? aisA prazna hone para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki jIvAdi ananta dravyoM kA jaina siddhAnta meM nirAkaraNa nahIM hai, arthAt eka dravya kI ananta paryAyeM ho sakatI haiM, parantu eka dravya kI paryAya ananta dravya nahIM ho sktii| isalie jIvAdi dravyoM ke abhAva meM ananta bhedoM meM vyApaka zuddha sattAmAtra eka dravya AtmalAbha kaise kara sakatA hai ? arthAt advaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta vidhisvarUpa sattAmAtra brahma tattva avAntara sattA vAle aneka dravyoM ko nahIM mAnane para vyApaka siddha kaise ho sakatA hai? advaitavAdI -"pratyeka dravya svakIya svarUpa meM astitvarUpa hai aura para dravya meM nAsti svarUpa hai, yaha samaya (siddhAnta) kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki paryAyatva kA prasaMga hone se dravya ke svakIya dravya nahIM haiM jisase svakIya dravya kA astitva siddha ho sake ? usa dravya se bhinna koI dravyAntara hI nahIM hai ata: para dravya meM nAstitva kaise ho sakatA hai ?" jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra advaitavAdI kA kathana bhI samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM sanmAtra dravya ko kathaMcit svadravya meM astisvarUpa aura paradravya meM nAsti svarUpa kahA jAtA hai| kevala zuddha sanmAtradravya "svadravya meM asti aura paradravya meM nAsti', nahIM mAnate haiM ? zaMkA : to Apa vastu kA svarUpa kaisA mAnate haiM ? samAdhAna : paryAyoM ke samAna vastu ke ekadeza ko jAnane vAle saMgraha naya se sampUrNa vastu paricchedya nahIM hai, parantu anya paryAyoM ke samAna vastu ke ekadeza ko jAnatA hai isalie jisa prakAra jIvavastu aura pudgala, dharmAdi vastue~ anvaya se rahane vAle jIvatva yA pudgalatva Adi svakIya dravya meM vidyamAna haiM, athavA apane svabhAva bhUta jJAnAdi aura rUpAdi meM bhI tathA nara-nArakAdi jIva kI paryAyoM meM jIvatva aura ghaTAdi paryAyoM meM pudgalatva vidyamAna hai parantu pratyeka dravya parasvarUpa aura paraparyAyoM meM vidyamAna nahIM hai arthAt jIvatva pudgala ke rUpa rasa Adi meM nahIM hai, aura rUpa rasa Adi jIvatva meM nahIM haiM, usI prakAra kAlAdi dharmAdi meM nahIM aura dharmAdi meM kAlAdi nahIM haiM, tathA parama vyApaka vastu svakIya sattA mAtra dravya meM aura jIva pudgala deva ghaTa Adi bheda prabheda rUpa apane aMza svarUpa paryAyoM meM vidyamAna hai parantu parakalpita sarvathA ekAnta rUpa AtmA, svalakSaNa Adi dravya aura kSaNika nIla Adi paryAyoM meM kisI bhI prakAra se vidyamAna nahIM hai| isa prakAra jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra guNa paryAyAtmaka asti nAsti rUpa vastu kA svabhAva nirdoSa siddha hai| astitva aura nAstitva donoM dharmoM ke binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii|
Page #248
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 235 nAstItyapi na virudhyate svaparakSetraprAptiparihArAbhyAM vastuno vastutvasiddheranyathA kSetrasaMkaraprasaMgAt / sarvasyAkSetratvApattezca / na caitatsAdhIyaH pratItivirodhAt / tatra paramasya vastunaH svAtmaiva kSetraM tasya sarvadravyaparyAyavyApitvAt tadvyatiriktasya kSetrasyAbhAvAt tadaparasya vastuno gaganasyAnena svAtmaiva kSetramityuktaM tasyAnaMtyAt kSetrAMtarAghaTanAt / jIvapudgaladharmAdharmakAlavastUnAM tu nizcayanayAt svAtmA vyavahAranayAdAkAzaM kSetraM tatopyaparasya vastuno jIvAdibhedarUpasya yathAyogaM pRthivyAdi kSetraM pratyeyaM / nacaivaM svarUpAtsvadravyAdvA kSetrasyAnyatA na syAt tadvyapadezahetoH pariNAmavizeSasya tatonyatvena pratIteravirodhAt / tathA svakAlesti parakAle nAstItyapi na viruddhaM svaparakAlagrahaNaparityAgAbhyAM vastunastattvaprasiddheranyathA kAlasAMkaryaprasaMgAt / ____svadravya meM asti aura para dravya meM nAstitva ke samAna svakSetra meM astitva aura parakSetra meM nAstitva bhI viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki svakSetra kI prApti aura para kSetra ke parihAra ke dvArA hI vastu ke vastutva kI siddhi hotI hai| anyathA (svakSetra kI apekSA astitva aura para kSetra kI apekSA nAstitva nahIM mAnane para) kSetrasaMkara kA prasaMga AtA hai, athavA sarva padArthoM ke akSetratva kA prasaMga AegA, arthAt para kA kSetra jaba svakSetra meM hI praviSTa ho jAegA ? taba para kSetra kA abhAva hogA to svakSetra kA bhI abhAva ho jAegA aura sva para kSetra donoM kA abhAva ho jAne se akSetra kA prasaMga AegA, parantu yaha kSetrarahitapanA prazasta nahIM hai, kyoMki kSetrarahitapanA pratIti se viruddha hai| . isa kSetra prakaraNa meM parama mahA sattArUpa vastu kA svakIya AtmA hI apanA kSetra hai kyoMki vaha parama vastu sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM meM vyApaka rahatA hai, usa svAtmA ke atirikta dUsarA koI kSetra nahIM hai, dUsare kSetra kA abhAva hai| vAstava meM, svakIya AtmA hI apanA kSetra ho sakatA hai| ghara, grAma, deza, AkAza Adi to vyavahAra se kalpita kSetra hai| isa kathana se yaha siddha hotA hai ki AkAzarUpa vastu kA kSetra bhI svAtmA (AkAza) hI kahA hai kyoMki AkAza ananta hai, vaha sarvatra vyApta hai ata: AkAza kA kSetra AkAza ko chor3akara dUsarA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai aura jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura kAla rUpa vastu kA nizcaya naya se svAtmA. (apanA svarUpa) hI kSetra hai aura vyavahAra naya se lokAkAza kSetra hai, usase bhinna jIvAdika ke vyApya bheda, prabheda rUpa tiryaJca, mAnava, ghara, ghaTa, jala Adi padArthoM kA kSetra yathAyogya pRthvI Adi jAnanA caahie| isa prakAra svasvarUpa, svadravya se kSetra kI bhinnatA nahIM hai, aisA bhI nahIM samajhanA cAhie kyoMki vastu meM una-una bhAva svarUpa svadravya aura sva kSetroM ke vyapadeza meM kAraNabhUta pariNAma vizeSa kI paraspara pRthak rUpa se pratIti hotI hai, ataH isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : jaise sAr3he tIna hAtha pramANa mAnava apane pUrNa deza, dezAMza, guNa-guNAMza meM tAdAtmya sambandha se vyApaka hai, vahI usakA svarUpa hai, ananta guNoM kA piNDa rUpa deza usakA svadravya hai| sAr3he tIna hAtha ke viSkaMbha vAlA dezAMza svarUpa (pradeza ke rahane kA sthAna) sva kSetra hai, tathA UrvAMza kalpanA rUpa guNAMza paryAyoM kA piNDa hI svakAla hai evaM vartamAna ke pariNAma avibhAgI praticcheda Adi sva ke bhAva . usI prakAra vastu svakIya kAla meM asti rUpa hai aura parakAla meM nAsti svarUpa hai, yaha bhI viruddha nahIM hai| kyoMki svakAla ke grahaNa aura parakAla ke tyAga (hAna) se hI vastu kA vastutva siddha hotA hai|
Page #249
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 236 sarvadA sarvasyAbhAvaprasaMgAcca / tatra paramasya vastunonAdyanaMta: kAloparasya ca jIvAdivastunaH sarvadA vicchedAbhAvAt tatra tadasti na parakAlenyathA kalpite kSaNamAtrAdau jIvavizeSarUpaM tu mAnuSAdivastu svAyuH pramANasvakAlesti na parAyuHpramANe pudgalavizeSarUpaM ca pRthivyAdi tathA pariNAmasthitinimitte svakAlesti na tadviparIte tadA tsyaanyvstuvishesstvenbhaavaat| nanvevaM yugapadekatra vastuni sattvAsattvadvayasya prasiddhestadeva pratiSedhyenAvinAbhAvi sAdhyaM na tu kevalamastitvaM nAstitvAdi vA tasya tathAbhUtasyAsaMbhavAditi cenna, nayopanItasya kevalAstitvAderapi bhAvAt siddhe vastunyekatrAstitvAdau nAnAdharme vAdiprativAdinoH prasiddho dharmastadaprasiddhena dharmeNAvinAbhAvI sAdhyata anyathA kAla ke saMkara hone kA tathA sadA sarva vastu ke abhAva kA prasaMga AegA, arthAt jaba kisI kA svakAla nahIM hai aura parakAla se vyAvRtti nahIM hai, ata: niyata kAla kA abhAva hone se sabhI vastuoM kA abhAva ho jaayegaa| vA vRddha, bAlaka, pudgalAdi kA eka kAla hone se sarva eka rUpa ho jaayeNge| usa kAla ke prakaraNa meM paramasat vastu ke sarvadA viccheda kA abhAva hone se svakAla anAdi ananta hai aura usa parama sat meM vyApya apara (avAntara sattA rUpa) jIvAdi vastu kA bhI sarvadA viccheda kA abhAva hone se svakAla anAdi ananta hai arthAt vastu bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna rUpa trikAlavartI ananta pariNAma svarUpa svakIya guNAMza meM hI rahatI hai| paraguNAMzarUpa para kAla meM nahIM rahatI hai anyathA kalpita kSaNa mAtra Adi kAla meM yadi dravya rUpa se vastu kI sthiti mAnI jAyegI to sat kA vinAza aura asat kA utpAda rUpa mahAn doSa utpanna hogaa| jIva dravya kI vizeSa (paryAya) rUpa manuSya, deva, nArakI, tiryaMcAdi rUpa vastuoM kA svakAla svakIya Ayu pramANa hai, arthAt manuSya aura tiryaJca paryAya kA utkRSTa kAla, antarmuhUrta se lekara tIna palyapramANa hai| deva aura nArakiyoM kA dasa hajAra varSa se taiMtIsa sAgara paryanta hai / devoM ke samAna nArakiyoM aura manuSyoM ke samAna tiryaJccoM kA kAla jAnanA caahie| dUsaroM kI Ayu pramANa tiryaJca Adi jIva kI paryAyoM kA kAla nahIM hai| athavA pudgala skandha kI pRthvI Adi svakIya paryAya kI sthiti meM nimitta kAraNa apane vyavahAra kAla meM hI haiM, usase viparIta nyUnAdhika kAla meM nahIM hai, kyoMki usa samaya usakA anya vastuoM ke vizeSa (paryAya) rUpa se pariNamana ho rahA hai, arthAt svakAla meM vastu kA rahanA aura parakAla meM nahIM rahanA, yahI vastu kA vastutva hai| zaMkA : eka vastu meM eka samaya meM eka sAtha sattva aura asattva ina donoM ke astitva kI prasiddhi hai, taba to vaha ubhaya hI apane pratiSedhya avaktavya Adi ke sAtha avinAbhAvI sAdhya karanA caahie| kevala astitva yA kevala nAstitva vA avaktavya ko sAdhya nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki akele astitva Adi kA usa prakAra ke pratiSedhyoM ke sAtha rahanA saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt do dharma eka sAtha rheNge| akele kA milanA asaMbhava hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki nayoM ke dvArA jJAta (jAne gaye) akele astitva aura nAstitva kA bhI sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| eka vastu meM astitva, nAstitva Adi aneka dharmoM ke siddha ho jAne para vAdI aura prativAdI ke prasiddha eka dharma dUsare aprasiddha dharma ke sAtha avinAbhAva ko
Page #250
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 237 iti yuktisiddhamastitvAdidharmasaptakaM kutazcitpratipatturvipratipattisaptakaM janayet / jijJAsAyAH saptavidhatvaM tacca praznasaptavidhatvaM tadapi vacanasaptavidhattavamiti sUktA praznavazAdekatra saptabhaMgI, bhaGgAntaranimittasya praznAMtarasyAsaMbhavAt / tadabhAvazca jijJAsAMtarAsaMbhavAt tadasaMbhavopi vipratipattyaMtarAyogAt tadayogopi vidhipratiSedhavikalpanayA dharmAMtarasya vastunyaviruddhasyAnupapatteH, tadanupapattAvapi praznAMtarasyApravartamAnasyAsaMbaMdhapralApamAtratayA prativacanAnarhatvAt / taddhi praznAMtaraM vyastAstitvanAstitvaviSayaM samastatadviSayaM vA ? prathamapakSe pradhAnabhAvena prathamadvitIyapraznAveva guNabhAvena tu sattvasya dvitIyapraznaH syAdasattvasya prathamaH / samastAstitvanAstitvaviSaye tu praznAMtaraM kramatastRtIyaH saha caturthaH prathamacaturthasamudAyaviSayaH paMcama: dvitIyacaturthasamudAyaviSayaH SaSThastRtIyacaturthasamudAyaviSayaH saptama iti saptasvevAMtarbhavati / prathamatRtIyayoH siddha karatA hai| isalie astitva Adi sAtoM hI bhaMga eka vastu meM yuktisiddha haiN| yuktiyoM se siddha ve dharma jJAtA puruSa ke kisI kAraNavaza sAta prakAra ke vivAdoM ko utpanna karA dete haiM tathA ve sAta prakAra ke vivAda jAnane ke icchuka mAnava ke hRdaya meM sAta prakAra kI jijJAsAoM ko prakaTa karate haiN| tathA sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA sAta prakAra ke prativacanoM kI utpAdaka hotI hai ata: eka vastudharma meM prazna ke kAraNa saptabhaMgI kA honA samIcIna kahA hai| saptabhaMga ke atirikta bhaMgAntara ke nimittabhUta prazna kI asaMbhavatA hai aura prazna ke asaMbhava hone se jijJAsA (jAnane kI icchAoM) ke atirikta kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt vastu ke jAnane kI jijJAsA sAta prakAra kI hai, adhika nhiiN| jijJAsA ke abhAva meM vivAdAntara kA ayoga aura vivAda kA ayoga bhI eka vastu meM vidhi aura niSedha kI vividha kalpanAoM se aviruddha dharmAntaroM kI anupapatti hai| sAta dharmoM se adhika dharmoM kI anupapatti hone para sAta praznoM se atirikta anya praznoM kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI aura prazna ke sambandha binA bolanA pralApa mAtra hone se pratyuttara dene yogya nahIM hai| ___ isa viSaya meM jainAcArya prazna karate haiM ki ve sapta bhaMgI se bhinna prazna pRthak-pRthak astitva aura nAstitva kA viSaya karane vAle haiM ? athavA saMmizrita, astitva, nAstitva kA viSaya karate haiM ? prathama pakSa meM pradhAna rUpa se astitva, nAstitva ke viSaya meM prazna karane para to prathama aura dvitIya prazna ho jAeMge arthAt svacatuSTaya kI apekSA asti aura paracatuSTaya kI apekSA nAsti hI siddha hotI hai yadi astitva ko gauNa karake nAstitva kA pradhAnatA se kathana kiyA jAye to dvitIya paracatuSTaya kI apekSA nAstitva kA kathana hotA hai tathA asatva (nAsti) ko gauNa karake kathana kiyA jAtA hai taba prathama pakSa (astitva) kA kathana hotA .. dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra sammizrita asti nAsti kA viSaya karane vAlA kaheMge to krama se donoM ko viSaya karane vAlA praznAntara tIsarA prazna (asti nAstitva) huaa| yadi asti aura nAstitva ko eka sAtha viSaya karanA kaheMge to caturtha avaktavya bhaMga hogaa| prathama caturtha ke sAtha kaheMge to pA~cavA~ bhaMga (asti avaktavya) hogaa| yadi dvitIya aura caturtha ke samudAya kA viSaya karane vAlA kaheMge to chaThA (nAstyavaktavya) bhaMga hotA hai| caturtha aura tRtIya samudAya kA viSaya karanA kaheMge to saptama (astinAstyavaktavya) bhaMga hogaa| isa prakAra sAre bhaMga sAta bhaMgoM meM hI antarbhUta ho jAte haiM (pRthak bhaMga nahIM haiN)|
Page #251
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 238 samudAye tu praznaH punaruktaH, prathamasya tRtIyAvayavatvena pRSTatvAt / tathA prathamasya caturthAdibhirdvitIyasya tRtIyAdibhistRtIyasya caturthAdibhizcaturthasya paMcamAdibhi: paMcamasya SaSThAdinA SaSThasya saptamena sahabhAve prazna: panaruktaH pratyeyastato na tricata:paMcaSaTasaptayogakalpanayA prativacanAMtaraM sNbhvti| nApi tatsaMyogAnavasthAnaM yataH saptabhaMgIprasAdena saptazatabhaMgyapi jAyata iti codyaM bhavet / nanvevaM tRtIyAdInAmapi praznAnAM punaruktatvaprasaktiriti cenna, tRtIye dvayoH kramazaH pradhAnabhAvena pRSTeH prathame dvitIye vA tathA tyorpRsstteH| sattvasyaivAsattvasyaiva ca pradhAnatayA pRSTatvAt / caturthe tu dvayoH saha pradhAnatve pRSTerna punaruktatA / paMcame tu sattvAvaktavyatayoH pradhAnatayA pRSTeH pUrvaM tayorapRSTerapunaruktatA / SaSThepi nAstitvAvaktavyatayostathA pRSTareva / saptame kramAkramArpitayoH sattvAsattvayoH pradhAnatayA pRSTeH kutaH paunaruktyaM / nanvevaM tRtIyasya prathamena saMyoge dvayorastitvayorekasya nAstitvasya prAdhAnyAd prathama(astitva) aura tRtIya asti nAstitva ke samudAya meM prazna kiyA jAyegA to vaha prazna punarukta hogaa| kyoMki prathama astitva tRtIya (asti nAstitva) kA avayava hone ke kAraNa pUchA jA cukA hai| ___ usI prakAra yadi prathama ko caturthAdi ke sAtha samudita karake vA dvitIya bheda ko tRtIya bheda ke sAtha kiyA jAyegA, tIsare ko caturtha Adi ke sAtha, caturtha ko paMcama Adi ke sAtha, paMcama ko chaThe Adi ke sAtha, aura chaThe bhaMga ko saptama ke sAtha bhI prazna meM punarukta doSa AtA hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra ina sapta bhaMgoM ke puna: tIna, cAra, pA~ca, chaha aura sAta bhaMgoM kI kalpanA kara uttara meM diye gaye anya AThaveM Adi prativacana saMbhava nahIM haiN| una sAta yA sAta ke sambandha se utpanna anya bhaMgoM ke saMyoga se puna: praznoM ke hone para anavasthA doSa bhI nahIM hai jisase sapta bhaMga ke prasAda se sAta saubhaMga bhI utpanna ho sakate haiN| isa prakAra kI zaMkA ho sakatI hai arthAt saptabhaMgI ke aneka bhaMga utpanna ho sakate haiM parantu apunarukta bhaMga sAta hI haiN| prazna : isa prakAra to tIsare cauthe Adi bhaMgoM ke kathana meM bhI punarukta doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai kevala prathama (asti) dUsarA (nAsti) bhaMga hI apunarukta haiN| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki tIsare bhaMga meM pUrva ke do bhaMgoM ko krama se pradhAna rUpa se pUchA gayA hai (kathana kiyA gayA hai)| prathama aura dUsare bhaMga meM kramaza: kathana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| unameM krama se pRcchA nahIM kI gaI hai apitu akele sattva kI pradhAnatA se prathama bhaMga hai aura kevala asattva kI pradhAnatA se dvitIya bhaMga kA kathana hai| caturtha bhaMga meM asti aura nAsti ina donoM ko eka sAtha pradhAnatA se pUchA gayA hai ataH inameM punarukta doSa nahIM hai| paMcama bhaMga meM asti aura avaktavya kI pradhAnatA se pUchA gayA hai| prathama prazna meM ina donoM ko nahIM pUchA gayA hai ataH apunarukta hai| chaThe bhaMga meM nAstitva aura avaktavya kI pradhAnatA se pRcchA kI gaI hai| anya bhaMgoM meM isa prakAra kI pRcchA (prazna) nahIM hai| saptama prazna meM krama se arpita sattva aura asattva tathA akrama se vivakSita sattva asattva ke avaktavya kI pradhAnatA se prazna kiyA gayA hai, inameM punaruktatA kaise saMbhava ho sakatI hai arthAt ye sAtoM prazna apunarukta haiM aura inake uttara meM syAdvAdI vaktA kI ora se diye gaye sAta uttara upayukta haiN| 1. sAta saubhaMga kaise hote haiM - yaha samajha meM nahIM aayaa|
Page #252
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 239 dvitIyena saMyoge dvayornAstitvayorekasyAstitvasya kramazaH pRSTenApunaruktatAstu pUrvaM tathA pRSTerabhAvAt / tathA caturthasya paMcamena saMyoge dvayoravyaktayorekasyAstitvasya SaSThena saMyoge dvayoravyaktayorekasya nAstitvasya saptamena saMyoge dvayoravyaktayorekasyAstitvasya nAstitvasya ca krameNa pradhAnatayA pRSTerna punaruktatA / tathA paMcamasya SaSThena saMyoge dvayoravyaktayorekasyAstitvasya nAstitvasya pRSTe : paMcamasya saptamena saMyoge dvayoravyaktayorgastitvayozcaikasyAstitvasya saptamasya prathamena saMyoge dvayorastitvayorekasya nAstitvasyAvaktavyasya ca dvitIyena saMyoge dvayornAstitvayorekasyAvaktavyasya ca tRtIyena saMyoge dvayorastitvayornAstitvayozcaikasyAvaktavyasya kramazaH pradhAnabhAvena pRSTena punaruktatvamiti zaMkA : tIsare (astinAsti) kA prathama astitva ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do astitva aura eka nAstitva kI pradhAnatA se yaha eka bhaMga hotA hai // 1 // ___ tRtIya bhaMga kA dvitIya bhaMga (nAstitva) ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do nAstitva aura eka astitva krama se pRcchA hone para yaha eka bhaMga hotA hai| isa prakAra ubhaya asti aura ubhaya nAsti ye do bhaMga bhI apunarukta haiM // 2 // kyoMki pUrva meM isa prakAra kA prazna nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra caturtha bhaMga kA pA~caveM ke sAtha saMyoga hone para do avaktavya aura eka astitva kA nayA prazna hai||3|| caturtha bhaMga kA chaThe bhaMga ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do avaktavya aura eka nAstitva bhaMga bhI navIna hotA hai||4|| caturtha bhaMga kA sAtaveM bhaMga ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do avaktavya aura krama se eka astitva eka nAstitva kI pradhAnatA se eka prazna ho sakatA hai| kramazaH pradhAnatA se prazna hone se yaha prazna punarukta nahIM hai||5|| tathA paMcama bhaMga kA chaThe bhaMga ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do avaktavya, eka astitva aura eka nAstitva yaha eka navIna prazna hotA hai||6|| paMcama bhaMga kA saptama bhaMga ke sAtha saMyoga karane para do avaktavya, do astitva aura eka nAstitva kA sAtavA~ navIna prazna utpanna ho jAtA hai||7|| chaThe nAsti avaktavya kA sAtaveM asti nAstyavaktavya ke sAtha saMyoga hone para do avaktavya, do nAstitva aura astitva eka kA AThavA~ bhaMga utpanna hotA hai // 8 // .. saptama bhaMga aura prathama bhaMga kA saMyoga hone para do astitva eka nAstitva aura eka avaktavya nAmaka navama prazna utpanna hotA hai||9|| saptama bhaMga kA dvitIya bhaMga ke sAtha saMyoga hone para do astitva, do nAstitva aura eka avaktavya kA dasavA~ bhaMga hai // 10 // saptama bhaMga ke sAtha tIsare bhaMga kA saMyoga karane para do astitva aura do nAstitva aura eka avaktavya kI pradhAnatA se krama se pUchane para gyArahavA~ prazna utpanna hotA hai||11|| isa prakAra sAta bhaMgoM meM
Page #253
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 240 tatprativacanAnAmapyekAdazAnAmapunaruktatvasiddheraSTAdazabhaMgAstathA saMyoge ca bhaMgAMtarANi siddhyeyustathA tatsaMyogepi tato bhaMgAMtarANIti kathaM zatabhaMgI niSidhyate ? dvibhaMgIprasaMgAditi kecit , tadayuktaM / astitvasya nAstitvasya tadavaktavyasya cAnekasyaikatra vastunyabhAvAt nAnA vastuSu saptabhaMgyAH svayamaniSTeH / yatpunarjIvavastuni jIvatvenAstitvamevAjIvatvena ca nAstitvaM muktatvenAparamamuktatvena cetyAdhanaMtasvaparaparyAyApekSayAnekaM tatsaMbhavati vastuno'naMtaparyAyAtmakatvAditi vacanaM tadapi na saptabhaMgIvighAtakRt, jIvatvAjIvatvApekSAbhyAmivAstinAstitvAbhyAM muktatvAmuktatvAdyapekSAbhyAmapi pRthak saptabhaMgIkalpanAt vivakSitavaktavyatvAvaktavyatvAbhyAmapi saptabhaMgI prakalpamAnAnyaivAnena pratipAditA / prakRtAbhyAmevaM dharmAbhyAM sahArpitAbhyAmavaktavyatvasyAnekasyAsaMbhavAdekatra tatprakalpanayA bhaMgAMtarAnupapatteH / yattu tAbhyAmevAsahArpitAbhyAM se do bhaMgoM kA saMyoga karake banAye gaye gyAraha prazna punarukta nahIM haiM, inameM apunaruktapanA siddha hai| kyoMki ye pUrva ke sAta bhaMgoM meM pUche nahIM gaye haiM ata: ina pratyuttara meM diye gaye gyAraha bhaMgoM ke apunaruktatA siddha hai| isa prakAra sAta aura gyAraha ko milAne para aThAraha bhaMga ho jAte haiM tathA ina aThAraha ke bhI saMyoga karane para aneka bhaMga siddha ho sakate haiM tathA unakA bhI saMyoga karane para bhaMgoM kI santAna bar3hatI jAyegI ata: zata (saikar3oM) bhaMgI kA niSedha kaise ho sakatA hai| yadi zatabhaMgI kA niSedha kareMge to pUrva meM kathita prathama do (asti, nAsti) bhaMga kA hI prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt do hI bhaMga raheMge sAta nhiiN| aisA koI kaha rahA hai? jainAcArya kahate haiM- saptabhaMgI ko chor3akara adhika bhaMga kA kathana karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki astitva nAstitva tathA una donoM kA yaugapadya hone para avaktavya ye tIna dharma eka vastu meM eka-eka hI rahate haiN| eka vastu meM aneka astitva Adi kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai arthAt aneka vastuoM meM yadyapi aneka astitva, aneka nAstitva raha sakate haiM, prazna ke anusAra avirodha rUpa se vidhi aura niSedha kI sadbhUta kalpanA saptabhaMgI hai| aneka vastaoM meM saptabhaMpI honA hama svayaM iSTa nahIM karate haiN| jIva vastu meM jIvatva rUpa se astitva, ajIva rUpa se nAstitva hai| mukta svarUpa se astitva aura amuktatva rUpa se apara nAstitva hai| isa prakAra ananta svapara paryAya apekSA se astitva nAstitva Adi aneka dharma eka vastu meM saMbhava hai kyoMki "vastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai" "anantaparyAyAtmaka hai" yaha granthakAra kA vacana hai ataH saptabhaMgI Atmaka vacana vyavasthA ke vighAtaka nahIM haiN| jisa prakAra eka jIva vastu meM jIvatva, ajIvatva kI apekSA astitva, nAstitva ke dvArA saptabhaMga siddha hote haiN| arthAt jIvatva kI apekSA astitva aura ajIvatva kI apekSA nAstitva hai| usI prakAra muktatva, saMsArItva, bhavyatva, abhavyatva Adi kI apekSA saptabhaMga kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai| isa ukta kathana se "vivakSita vaktavya, avaktavya, ubhaya Adi kI bhI sapta bhaMgI kara lenA cAhie" aisA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa prakaraNa meM prApta vaktavya aura avaktavya dharmoM ke sAtha kathana karane kI vivakSA hone se eka hI caturtha avaktavya dharma bnegaa| usameM aneka avaktavya dharmoM kI asaMbhavatA hai| isalie eka paryAya meM aneka avaktavya dharmoM kI kalpanA karake dUsare bhaMgoM kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| isI prakAra jo krama se vivakSita
Page #254
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 241 vaktavyatvaM tadapi na zeSabhaMgebhyo bhidyate, teSAmeva vaktavyatvAt / tato nAtivyApinI saptabhaMgI nApyavyApinyasaMbhavinI vA yataH prekSAvadbhirnAzrIyate / nanu ca saptasu vacanavikalpeSvanyatamenAnaMtadharmAtmakasya vastunaH pradhAnaguNabhAvena pratipAdanAccheSavacanavikalpAnAmAnarthakyAdanAzrayaNIyatvameveti cet na, teSvaparAparadharmaprAdhAnyena zeSadharmaguNabhAvena ca vastunaH pratipatteH saaphlyaat| tatrAstyeva sarvamityAdivAkye'vadhAraNaM kimarthamityAha;vAkyevadhAraNaM tAvadaniSTArthanivRttaye / kartavyamanyathAnuktasamatvAttasya kutracit // 53 // kiye gaye vaktavya aura avaktavya kA vaktavyapanA hai, vaha vaktavyapanA bhI zeSa bhaMgoM se bhinna nahIM hai kyoMki chaha bhaMga vaktavya (zabda ke dvArA kathanIya) haiM aura caturtha bhaMga (avaktavya) bhI zabda ke dvArA hI kahA gayA hai arthAt asti kaho vA asti zabda ke dvArA kahane yogya kaho, eka hI artha hai| isalie isa saptabhaMgI meM ativyApti doSa nahIM hai kyoMki bhaMga sAta hI haiM adhika nahIM ho skte| isameM avyApti doSa bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki do tIna bhaMgoM se kArya kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| isameM asaMbhava doSa bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyeka vastu meM sAta bhaMga pAye jAte haiN| sadoSa hone se buddhimAnoM ke dvArA AdaraNIya na hoM aisA bhI nahIM hai arthAt saptabhaMgI nirdoSa hai aura buddhimAnoM ke dvArA AdaraNIya hai| unako saptabhaMgI kA sahArA lenA cAhie (saptabhaMga ko svIkAra karanA caahie)| zaMkA : sAta prakAra ke vacana vikalpoM meM kisI eka vikalpa ke dvArA ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA pradhAnatA yA gauNatA se pratipAdana ho jAtA hai| isalie zeSa chaha bhedoM kA kathana karanA vyartha hone se saptabhaMgI anAzrayaNIya hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki una saptabhaMgoM meM anya dharmoM kI pradhAnatA se aura zeSa dharmoM kI gauNatA se pratIti hotI hai ataH sarva dharmoM kA kathana karanA saphala hai| athavA asti Adi eka dharma ke kathana se zeSa chaha dharma avinAbhAva sambandha se garbhita ho jAte haiN| jaba eka dharma se chahoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai taba sAta dharma avazya siddha ho jAte haiN| una saptabhaMgoM meM "astyeva sarvaM" "nAstyeva sarva" sabhI padArtha kisI apekSA se haiM hI arthAt asti svarUpa hI haiM tathA kisI apekSA se sarva vastue~ nahIM haiM nAsti svarUpa' hI haiN| ityAdi vAkyoM meM evaMkAra kA grahaNa kisa niyama ke lie hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM: . aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ke lie vAkya meM 'eva' lagAkara avadhAraNA karanI caahie| anyathA (avadhAraNA nahIM karane para) kahIM-kahIM vAkya nahIM kahe hue ke samAna ho jAtA hai arthAt yaha mAnava pAnI hI pItA hai-aisA kahane para anya vastu ke khAne kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| eva kI avadhAraNA ke binA anya vastuoM kI nivRtti nahIM ho sktii||53|| ataH vastu svasvarUpa kI apekSA asti hI hai aura pararUpa kI apekSA nAsti hI hai| aisI avadhAraNA karanI caahie|
Page #255
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 242 nanu gaurevetyAdiSu satyapyavadhAraNe niSTArthanivRtterabhAvAdasatyapi . caivakAre bhAvAnnAvadhAraNasAdhyAnyanivRttistadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAbhAvAt / na hyevakAroniSTArthanivRttiM kurvannevakArAMtaramapekSate anavasthAprasaMgAt / tatprayoge prakaraNAdibhyo'niSTArthanivRttirayuktA sarvazabdaprayoge tata eva tatprasaktestato na tadarthamavadhAraNaM kartavyamityeke, tepi na zabdAmnAyaM viMdati / tatra hi ye zabdAH svArthamAtrenavadhArite saMketitAste tadavadhAraNavivakSAyAmevakAramapekSate tatsamuccayAdivivakSAyAM tu ckaaraadishbdN| na caivamevakArAdInAmavadhAraNAdyarthaM bruvANAnAM tadanyanivRttAvevakArAMtarAdyapekSA saMbhavati yatonavasthA teSAM svayaM zaMkA : gAya hI hai, ityAdi vAkyoM meM evakAra dvArA avadhAraNA karane para bhI, aniSTa artha kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai| kahIM para evakAra ke nahIM hone para bhI anya aniSTa artha se nivRtti ho jAtI hai arthAt gAya hI hai yA gAya hai ina donoM vAkyoM meM koI artha bheda nahIM hai- "gAya hI hai" isa vAkya kA jo vAcyArtha hai, vahI artha "gAya hai" isI kA hai| "mohana vyAkaraNa par3hatA hai" isameM evakAra nahIM lagAne para bhI mohana vyAkaraNa hI par3hatA hai, anya viSaya ko nahIM par3hatA hai, yaha siddha ho hI jAtA hai isalie anya padArthoM se nivRtta honA evakAra ke avadhAraNa se hI sAdhane yogya kArya nahIM hai kyoMki anya nivRtti kA 'eva' ke sAtha / anvaya, vyatireka kA abhAva hai| aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ko karane vAlA evakAra dUsare evakAra kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai, anyathA anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| eka dharma ko siddha karane ke lie evakAra kI AvazyakatA ho aura evakAra ko siddha karane ke lie dUsare evakAra kI, isa prakAra anavasthA doSa aayegaa| . aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ke lie bhI 'eva' kAra kA prayoga karanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki aniSTa artha kI nivRtti to prakaraNa, avasara Adi se ho hI jAtI hai| yadi aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ke lie eva kA prayoga kareMge to prakaraNa Adi se aniSTa artha kI nivRtti honA ayukta hogaa| tathA sampUrNa zabdoM ke prayoga meM usa 'eva' kAra se hI usa aniSTa artha kI nivRtti kA prasaMga aayegaa| isalie usa aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ke lie avadhAraNa (evakAra kA prayoga) nahIM karanA caahie| isa prakAra koI kahatA hai| jainAcArya usa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki "isa prakAra kahane vAle vAdI zabda kI AmnAya ko nahIM jAnate haiN| kyoMki jo zabda zabdoM meM niyamita nahIM kiye gaye haiM, svakIya sAmAnya artha ke pratipAdana karane meM saMketa grahaNa kiye hue haiM ve zabda to usa artha ko niyamita karane kI vivakSA meM evakAra kI apekSA karate hI haiN| arthAt dUdha zabda kA sAmAnya artha 'dUdha hai', aura hameM dUdha hI abhISTa hai to "dUdha hI hai" aisA kahanA pdd'egaa| ___ tathA jaba kabhI dUdha, jala Adi samuccaya yA samAhAra Adi kI vivakSA hotI hai taba 'cakAra' zabda lagAnA caahie| (jaise dugdhaM jalaMca) tathA vikalpa artha kI vivakSA hone para vA zabda jor3anA cAhie arthAt avadhAraNa, samuccaya, vikalpa Adi arthoM meM evakAra, cakAra, vAkAra Adi zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai ki avadhAraNA, samuccaya, vikalpa Adi arthoM ko kahane vAle ke evakAra, cakAra, vAkAra Adi ko bhI anya nivRtti, samuccaya Adi karane meM dUsare evakAra, cakAra AdikoM kI apekSA honA saMbhava ho sakatA hai kyoMki jisase anavasthA doSa AtA hai ve evakAra Adi nipAta anya artha ke dyotaka haiM aura svayaM apane-apane artha ke bhI dyotaka haiN| jisa prakAra dIpaka Adi svapara prakAzaka
Page #256
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 243 dyotakatvAt dyotakAMtarAnapekSatvAt pradIpAdivat / nanvevamevetyAdizabdaprayoge dyotakasyApyevaMzabdasyAnyanivRttau dyotakAMtarasyaivakArAderapekSaNIyasya bhAvAt sarvo dyotako dyotyerthe dyotakAMtarApekSa: syAt tathA cAnavasthAnAnna kvacidavadhAraNAdyarthapratipattiriti cet na, evazabdAdeH svArthe vAcakatvAdanyanivRttau dyotakAMtarApekSopapatteH / na hi dyotakA eva nipAtA: kvacidvAcakAnAmapi teSAmiSTatvAt / dyotakAzca bhavaMti nipAtA ityatra cazabdAdvAcakAzceti vyAkhyAnAt / na caivaM sarve zabdA nipAtavatsvArthasya dyotakatvenAmnAtA yena tanniyame dyotakaM nApekSeran / tato vAcakazabdaprayoge tadaniSTArthanivRttyarthaH zreyAnevakAraprayoga: sarvazabdAnAmanyavyAvRttivAcakatvAt / tata eva haiM unako prakAzita karane ke lie dUsaroM kI apekSA nahIM hotI, usI prakAra 'evakAra' Adi artha ke dyotaka zabdoM ko dUsaroM kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| bhAvArtha : eva kAra jaise ghaTAdi se nivRtti karAtA hai vaise hI apane ko bhI anya padArthoM se nivRtti karA letA hai| zaMkA : isa prakAra niyama karane para ( dyotaka zabda ko dUsare dyotaka zabda kI apekSA nahIM hai) "isI prakAra hI hai", aura "aisA hone para" "na caivaM' aisA nahIM hai ityAdi zabda ke prayoga meM dyotaka zabda ke bhI anya nivRtti ke lie dUsare dyotaka evakAra Adi kI apekSA rakhanA saMbhava hai| isalie sabhI dyotaka zabda svakIya prakAzana karane yogyaM artha meM dUsare dyotakoM kI apekSA rakhane vAle hoMge aura dUsaroM kI apekSA rakhane vAle hone para anavasthA doSa AegA ata: kahIM para bhI niyama karanA Adi arthoM kI pratIti nahIM ho skegii| samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki 'eva', 'ca' Adi zabda ke svArtha meM vAcakatA hone se anya nivRtti meM dyotakAntara (dUsare) eva Adi dyotakoM kI apekSA hotI hai| nipAta dyotaka hI hai-aisA ekAnta niyama nahIM hai kyoMki kabhI kahIM una 'eva' 'ca' Adi nipAtoM ko vAcaka bhI mAnA hai arthAt niyama, samuccaya Adi arthoM ko svataMtratA se evakAra cakAra Adi zabda kahate haiM aura nipAta ke dyotaka bhI hote haiN| isa prakAra zabda siddhAnta ke anusAra 'eva' Adi zabda vAcaka bhI haiM ata: zabda dyotaka aura nipAtaka bhI haiM, aisA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai arthAt prakRti, pratyaya, vikaraNa Adi zabda svayaM artha ko saMketa ke dvArA pratipAdana karate haiM aura ghaTa Adi padArthoM ke astitva Adi dharmoM ke vAcaka bhI haiN| jo guNa Adi ko kahate haiM ve vAcaka haiM aura jo una vAcaka zabdoM se hI artha ko nikAlane meM sahAyaka hote haiM ve dyotaka kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra sabhI zabda nipAta ke samAna svakIya artha ke dyotaka hote hue anAdi kAla se cale A rahe haiM, aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, jisase ki svArtha ke niyama karane meM dyotaka hokara dUsare dyotaka zabdoM kI apekSA nahIM karate hoM arthAt nipAta dyotaka hI hai kintu sabhI nipAta dyotaka hI nahIM haiM apitu vAcaka bhI haiM isalie vAcaka zabda ke prayoga meM aniSTa artha kI nivRtti karane ke lie 'eva' kAra kA prayoga zreSTha hai| koI vAdI kahatA hai ki sabhI zabda anya kI vyAvRtti ke vAcaka haiM ata: eva kAra ke prayoga ke binA bhI zabda ke dvArA anya vyAvRtti kI pratipatti (dUsare ke niSedha kA jJAna) ho jAtI hai isalie aniSTa kI nivRtti ke lie avadhAraNA karanA (evakAra kA prayoga karanA) yuktisaMgata nahIM hai|
Page #257
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 244 tatpratipattestadarthamavadhAraNamayuktamityanye, teSAM vidhirUpatayArthapratipattiH zabdAt prasiddhA virudhyate kathaM cAnyavyAvRttisvarUpaM vidhirUpatayAnyavyAvRttizabdaH pratipAdayenna punaH sarve zabdAH svArthamiti budhyAmahe / tasyApi tadanyathA vRttipratipAdanenavasthAnaM svArthavidhipratipAditA siddhirvetyuktaprAyaM / vidhirUpa eva zabdArtho nAnyanivRttirUpo yatastatpratipattayevadhAraNamityapare, teSAmapi svavacanavirodhaH / surA na pAtavyetyAdinasahitazabdaprayogAtpratiSedhapratipatte: svayamiSTeH / keSAMcitpratiSedha eva dvairAzyena sthitatvAdbodhavat iti tu yeSAM mataM ghaTamAnayetyAdividhAyakazabdaprayoge ghaTameva nAghaTamAnayaiva mA jainAcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha kathana (zabda) niSedhAtmaka hI hai| isa kathana se zabda se vidhi rUpa se hone vAlI prasiddha pratipatti viruddha hotI hai arthAt zabda ko sunakara nivRtti to ho jAegI parantu pravRtti na ho skegii| tathA vaha anya vyAvRttisvarUpa zabda vidhirUpa se anyavyAvRttisvarUpa kA pratipAdana kaise kreNge| arthAt anyavyAvRtti bhI vidhirUpa hI hai usakA kathana kaise hogaa| .. tathA sabhI zabda svakIya artha kA pratipAdana nahIM karate haiM, isa ayuktaniyama ko banAne meM hama koI sAra nahIM samajhate haiN| yadi usa una vyAvRtti zabda ko bhI usa anya vyAvRtti se bhinna nivRtti rUpa artha kA pratipAdana karatA hai, aisA mAnoge to anavasthA doSa AegA kyoMki sarva hI zabda svArtha (svakIya) vidhi ke pratipAdaka siddha haiN| aisA pUrva meM bahuta bAra siddha kara cuke haiN| zabda kA artha vidhi rUpa hI hai anya nivRtti rUpa nahIM hai isalie usa aniSTa artha kI pratipatti (jJAna) ke lie vA avadhAraNA ke lie eva kAra kA prayoga kiyA jAve aisA koI kahatA hai| arthAt zabda vidhAyaka kahatA hai ki zabda ke uccAraNa se vidhi kA hI jJAna hotA hai, niSedha kA nahIM ata: avadhAraNA ke lie zabda meM evakAra kA prayoga karanA upayukta nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usakA yaha kathana svavacana bAdhita hai arthAt zabda vidhi ko hI kahate haiM niSedha ko nahIM, yaha kathana svakIya vacanoM se viruddha hai kyoMki zabda vidhi aura niSedha donoM ke pratipAdaka haiM jaise "surA nahIM pInA cAhie" ityAdi naJ avyaya se sahita zabdoM ke prayoga se madya nahIM pInA cAhie aise pratiSedha kA jJAna honA svayaM zabdavidhi vidhAyakoM ne iSTa kiyA hai, svIkAra kiyA hai| isalie zabda vidhi rUpa hI hai, aisA ekAnta siddha nahIM ho sktaa| kinhIM ke kitane hI zabda niSedhavAcaka hI haiM aura kitane zabdoM kA artha bhAvoM kI vidhi karanA hI hai| isa prakAra sampUrNa zabda do rAziyoM meM vibhakta hokara pratiSThita haiN| jaise sampUrNa jJAna vidhi aura niSedhaka ina do bhedoM meM vibhakta hai| isa prakAra jinakA mata hai-unake mata meM "ghaTa ko lAo" isa prakAra vidhAna karane vAle zabdoM ke prayoga meM "ghaTa ko hI lAo? ghaTa se bhinna padArtha ko mata lAo" aisI anya vyAvRttiyoM kI pratIti nahIM hogii| isalie "ghaTa ko lAo" isa zabda kA uccAraNa karanA bhI vyartha hogA kyoMki vaha nahIM uccAraNa ke samAna hai|
Page #258
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 245 naiSIrityanyavyAvRtterapratipattestadvaiyarthyaprasaMgonuktasamatvAt / surA na pAtavyetyAdipratiSedhakazabdaprayoge ca surAtonyasyodakAdeH pAnavidherapratIteH surAzabdaprayogasyAnarthakatvApattiH, surApAnasyaiva tataH pratiSedhAt paya:pAnAderapratiSedhAdavidhAnAcca na doSa iti / kimidAnIM zabdasya kvacitpratiSedhanaM tadanyatraudAsInyaM ca viSayaH syAt tathA kvacidvidhAnaM tadanyatra vidhAnaM na pratiSedhanaM ceti naivaM vyAghAtAditi cet , tata evAnyApratiSedhe svArthasya vidhAnaM tadavidhAne cAnyapratiSedho mAbhUt / sarvasya zabdasya vidhipratiSedhadvayaM viSayostu tathA cAvadhAraNamanarthakaM tadabhAvepi svArthavidhAne'nyanivRttisiddharityaparaH, tasyApi sakRdvidhipratiSedhau svArthetarayo: zabdaH pratipAdayaMstadanubhayavyavacchedaM yadi kurvIta tadA yuktamavadhAraNaM tadarthatvAt / no cet anuktasamaH tadanubhayasya vyAghAtAdevAsaMbhavAd / vyavacchedakaraNamanarthakamiti cet na, asaMbhavinopi kenacidAzaMkitasya __ athavA-niSedha vAcaka zabdoM kA artha yadi sarvathA niSedha kahA jAyegA to "madya nahIM pInA cAhie" ityAdi niSedha karane vAle zabdoM kA prayoga hone para madya se bhinna jala, dugdha Adi ke pIne kA vidhAna nahIM ho sakatA ataH surA zabda kA prayoga karanA bhI vyartha hogA kyoMki zabda to niSedhAtmaka hI haiM ata: dUdha Adi ke niSedha ke samAna madya kA bhI niSedha ho jAtA hai| - yadi kaho ki "surApAna nahIM karanA cAhie" isameM surApAna kA hI niSedha kiyA gayA hai, dUdha Adi ke pIne kA niSedha bhI nahIM hai aura vidhAna bhI nahIM kiyA gayA hai, isalie koI doSa nahIM hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa samaya kyA Apane zabda ke dvArA kahIM niSedha honA aura dUsare artha meM udAsIna rahanA ye zabda ke viSayabhUta artha mAne haiM, aisA hone para zabda kahIM vidhAnAtmaka bhI hote haiM ataH zabda niSedhAtmaka hI hote haiM, yaha ekAnta siddha nahIM hotaa| usa vAcyArtha se atirikta anya sthala meM vidhAna mAnA jAe aura niSedha nahIM mAnA jAe, aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki isameM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai tathA zabda ko niSedhAtmaka yA vidhisvarUpa mAnane para anya kA niSedha karane para svArtha kA vidhAna aura svArtha kA vidhAna karane para anya kA niSedha bhI nahIM ho sktaa| (isalie eka hI zabda gauNa aura pradhAna se vidhi aura niSedha kA dyotaka hai| aisA siddha hotA hai) yahA~ koI kahatA hai ki sarva zabdoM ke vAcya vidhi aura niSedha donoM viSaya ho sakate haiM tathApi avadhAraNA ke lie evakAra kA prayoga karanA to vyartha hI hotA hai kyoMki evakAra ke abhAva meM bhI svArtha kA vidhAna karane para anya kI nivRtti kI siddhi ho hI jAtI hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usake yahA~ bhI zabda eka hI sAtha svArtha kI vidhi aura dUsare ke niSedha ko kahatA hai to una donoM se bhinna anubhaya kA viccheda kregaa| taba niyama (avadhAraNa) karanA yukta hogA kyoMki avadhAraNA ke lie hI to 'evakAra' kA prayoga hai| yadi anubhaya kI vyAvRtti karanA iSTa nahIM hai to kathita zabda, nahIM kathita ke samAna hogaa| arthAt ubhaya ko kahane vAlA zabda yadi anubhaya kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai to aise zabda ke kahane se kyA lAbha hai ? . "usa ubhaya se atirikta anubhaya arthakA prApta honA to vyAghAta ho jAne se hI asaMbhava hai arthAt jo zabda ubhaya ko kahatA hai-vaha anubhaya ko nahIM kaha sakatA aura jo anubhaya ko kahatA hai-vaha ubhaya ko nahIM kaha sakatA? isalie anubhaya kA viccheda karanA vyartha hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki asaMbhava vAlA bhI artha yadi kisI ke dvArA AzaMkA ko prApta ho jAye to usakA vyavaccheda karanA yogya hai|
Page #259
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 246 vyavacche dyatopapatteH svayamaniSTa tattvavat / yadeva mUDhamaterAzaMkAsthAnaM tasyaiva nivartyatvAt kvacitkiMcidanAzaMkamAnasya pratipAdyatvAsaMbhavAt taM prayuMjAnasya yatkiMcanabhASitatvAdupekSAhatvAt / tata eva sarvaH zabdaH svArthasya vidhAyakaH prAdhAnyAt sAmarthyAdanyasya nivartakaH sakRtsvArthavidhAnasyAnyanivartanasya cA'yogAt / na hi zabdasya dvau vyApArau svArthapratipAdanamanyanivartanaM ceti, tadanyanivRtterevAsaMbhavAt tasyAH svalakSaNAdabhinnAyAH svasamAnasvalakSaNeSvanugamanAyogAdekasvalakSaNavat / tato bhinnAyAstadanyavyAvRttirUpatvAghaTanAt svalakSaNAMtaravat svAnyavyAvRtterapi ca tasyA vyAvRttau sajAtIyetarasvalakSaNayoraikyaprasaMgAdavasturUpAyAH svatvAnyatvAbhyAmevAvAcyAyAM nirUpatvAt idamasmAdvyAvRttamiti pratyayopajananAsamarthatvAnna zabdArthatvaM nApi tadviziSTArthasya ___ jaise jo svayaM ko aniSTa hai-usa tattva kA vyavaccheda kiyA jAtA hai| jo mUDhamati ke zaMkA kA sthAna hai vahI nivRtti karane yogya hai| kahIM bhI kucha bhI zaMkA ko nahIM karane vAlA mUr3hamati ziSya pratipAdana karane yogya nahIM hai| usako pratipAdana karanA asaMbhava hai| ziSya ke prati samajhAne kA prayoga karane para kucha bhI zaMkA nahIM karane vAlA ziSya samajhAne yogya nahIM hai, apitu upekSA karane yogya hai| vAstava meM tarka karane vAlI aura navIna unmeSa uThAne vAlI buddhiyukta ziSya hI pratipAdana karane yogya hai| isalie sarva zabda pradhAnatA se svArtha (vAcyArtha) ke vidhAyaka haiM aura gauNa rUpa se arthApatti ke. sAmarthya se anya ke nivartaka bhI haiN| eka hI sAtha meM svArtha kA vidhAna aura anya kA niSedha hone kA yoga nahIM hai koI kahatA hai-eka hI zabda ke svArtha kA pratipAdana aura anya kA niSedha karanA ye do kArya ho nahIM sakate, vastuta: vicArA jAe to usa svArtha ke atirikta anya kI nivRtti honA hI asaMbhava hai kyoMki vaha anya nivRtti yadi svalakSaNa se abhinna mAnI jAtI hai, taba to jaise eka vyaktirUpa svalakSaNa kA svakIya samAna sva lakSaNoM meM anugama nahIM hotA hai usI prakAra anya nivRtti kA sadRza svalakSaNoM meM anvayapanA nahIM hai arthAt jAti aura dravya to anvita hokara raha sakate haiM kintu vizeSa vyakti anya vyaktiyoM meM anugama nahIM karate haiN| usa svalakSaNa se usakI anya nivRtti ko yadi bhinna mAnA jAyegA to vaha anya vyAvRtti rUpa se ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| jaise eka gaurUpa svalakSaNa se mahiSIrUpa dUsarA svalakSaNa anya vyAvRtta rUpa nahIM hai kintu vaha to anya hI hai| ata: vaha nAstirUpa hai| yadi svalakSaNa kI anya vyAvRtti ko bhI usa nyArI vyAvRtti se pRthak mAnoge taba to sajAtIya aura vijAtIya svalakSaNoM ke eka ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| anya vyAvRtti to tuccha padArtha hai-vastubhUta nahIM hai, avastu hai ata: usakA svalakSaNa ke svakIyapane se yA bhinnapane se kathana hI nahIM kiyA jAsakatA hai| aisI dazA meM svabhAva rahita nirupAkhya hai isalie yaha isase vyAvRta hai| isa prakAra ke jJAna ko utpanna karane meM vaha samartha nahIM hai ataH zabda kA vAcyArtha anya vyAvRtti nahIM hai| .
Page #260
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 247 tasyAvizeSaNatvAyogAttadvizeSaNatve vA vizeSyasya nirUpatvaprasaMgAdanyathA nIlopahitasyotpalAdernIlatvavirodhAt tadanyavyAvRttavastudarzanabhAvinA tu pratiSedhavikalpena pradarzitAyAstasyAH pratItervidhivikalpopadarzitazabdArthavidhisAmarthyAdgatirabhidhIyata iti ke SAMcidabhinivezaH sopi pApIyAn, svArthavidhisAmarthyAdanyavyAvRttigativat kvacidanyavyAvRttisAmarthyAdapi svArthavidhigatiprasiddheH zabdAnityatvasAdhane sattvAdervyatirekagatisAmarthyAdanvayagaterabhyupagamAt tadabhidhAnenyathA punaruktatvAghaTanAt zabdena vidhIyamAnasya niSidhyamAnasya ca dharmasya vastusvabhAvatayA sAdhitatvAt / sarvathA dharmanairAtmyasya sAdhayitumazaktezca, bauddhepi ca zabdasyArthe avadhAraNasyAsiddheralaM vivAdena / kecidAhuH-naikaM vAkyaM svArthasya vidhAyaka sAmarthyAdanyanivRttiM gamayati / kiM tarhi ? pratiSedhavAkyaM, tatsAmarthyagatau tu tatonyapratiSedhagatiriti tepi tathA usa tuccha vyAvRtti se viziSTa artha bhI zabda kA vAcya artha nahIM hai kyoMki vaha ni:svabhAva anya vyAvRtti to artha kA vizeSaNa nahIM ho sakatI hai| yadi ni:svabhAva vyAvRtti ko vastubhUta artha kA vizeSaNa mAna liyA jAyegA to usakA vizeSya artha bhI ni:svabhAva ho jaayegaa| svabhAvarahita vyAvRtti yadi vizeSaNa ho jAegI to vizeSya ko bhI svabhAvarahita avastu banA degii| anyathA nIla vizeSaNa se yukta indIvara (kamala) Adi ke nIlatva kA virodha aayegaa| vastubhUta svalakSaNa to usase anya sajAtIya aura vijAtIya padArthoM se svayaM vyAvRtta hai| aise vastubhUta svalakSaNa ke pratyakSa darzana ke pIche hone vAle niSedhaka vikalpa jJAna se dikhAI gaI usa anya vyAvRtti kI pratIti ho jAtI hai| isalie vidhi aura usake vizeSa bheda-prabhedoM ke vikalpa jJAna ke dvArA darzita zabda ke vAcyArtha kI vidhi ke sAmarthya se vaha anya vyAvRtti kaha dI jAtI hai| isa prakAra kisI (bauddha) kA siddhAnta hai| usake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM-yaha ekAnta Agraha bhI pApabahula hai kyoMki svArtha kI vidhi ke sAmarthya se arthApattidvArA jaise anya vyAvRtti kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, vaise hI kvacit anya vyAvRtti ke sAmarthya se svArtha kI vidhi kA jJAna honA prasiddha ho rahA hai| jaise zabda ke anityatva ko siddha karate hue sattva kRtakatva Adi hetuoM ke vyatireka kA pUrva meM jJAna karake tatpazcAt usake sAmarthya se anvaya kA jJAna honA svIkAra kiyA hai arthAt nitya vA kAlAntara sthAyI padArtha meM sattva nahIM rahatA hai isa vyatireka se jojo sattva haiM ve kAlAntara sthAyI nitya nahIM haiN| vaisA kathana karane para hI vastu kA anvaya vyatireka panA siddha hotA hai anyathA punarukta panA nahIM ghaTatA hai arthAt vipakSa vyAvRtti rUpa vyatireka se sapakSavRttirUpa anvaya kA jJAna mAnane para hI punarukta doSa nahIM AtA hai, anyathA punarukta doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| zabda ke dvArA vidhAna karane yogya yA niSedha karane yogya dharma kI vastu ke svabhAva svarUpa se siddhi kI gaI hai| sarvathA dharma vA svabhAva se rahita niHsvarUpa vastu kI siddhi karanA zakya nahIM hai| zabda ke dvArA jAnane yogya artha meM yA sugata pratipAdita artha meM bhI avadhAraNA nahIM karanA siddha nahIM hai| adhika vivAda se kyA prayojana hai| ___ koI (mImAMsaka) kahatA hai ki eka hI vAkya apane artha kA vidhAyaka (kathana karane vAlA) aura sAmarthya (arthApatti) se anya kI vyAvRtti kA gamaka nahIM hai to zabda kA svarUpa kaisA hai? aisA pUchane para 1. apane svabhAva se vizeSya ko jo apane anurUpa raMga detA hai usako vizeSaNa kahate haiM aura vizeSaNa ke anurUpa jo raMga jAtA hai vaha vizeSya kahalAtA hai|
Page #261
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 248 nAvadhAraNaM nirAkartumIzAstadabhAve vidhAyakavAkyAdanyapratiSedhavAkyagaterayogAt / yadi caikaM vAkyamekamevArtha brUyAdanekArthasya tena vacane bhidyeta taditimataM tadA padamapi nAnekArthamAcakSItAnekatvaprasaMgAt / tathA ca ya eva laukikAH zabdAsta eva vaidikA iti vyAhanyeta / padamekamanekamarthaM pratipAdayati na punastatkramAtmakaM vAkyamiti tamovijUMbhitamAtraM, padebhyo hi yAvatAM padArthAnAM pratipattistAvaMtastadavabodhAstaddhetukAzca vAkyArthAvabodhA iti catuHsaMdhAnAdivAkyasiddhirna virudhyate / kevalaM padamanarthakameva jJeyAdipadavadvyavacchedyAbhAvAd vAkyasthasyaiva tasya vyavacchedyasadbhAvAditi yepyAhustepi zabdanyAyabahiSkRtA eva, vAkyasthAnAmiva kevalAnAmapi padArthAnAmarthavattvapratIteH / samudAyArthe teSAmanarthavattve vAkyagatAnAmapi tadastu vishessaabhaavaat| kahate haiM ki pratiSedha karane vAlA dasarA vAkya anya nivRtti kA bodhaka hai usa vidhAyaka vAkya ke sAmarthya se dUsarA pratiSedha vAkya jAna liyA jAtA hai aura usa pratiSedha vAkya se anya ke pratiSedha kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAle bhI avadhAraNa ko nirAkaraNa karane ke lie samartha nahIM haiM kyoMki usa avadhAraNa ke binA vidhAyaka vAkya se anya niSedhaka vAkya kI arthApatti hone kA. ayoga hai| mImAMsaka matAnusAra eka vAkya eka hI (vidhi yA niSedha) artha ko kahatA hai, yadi aneka artha kA usa vAkya ke dvArA kathana mAnA jAegA to vaha vAkya utane prakAra kA bhinna-bhinna ho jAegA arthAt do vAkya vidhi aura niSedha do arthoM ko kahate haiM, eka nhiiN| aisA mImAMsaka ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiMtaba to eka pada bhI aneka arthoM ko nahIM kaha sakegA, yadi eka pada aneka artha ko kaheMgA to eka pada ke bhI anekatva kA prasaMga AyegA aura aisA hone para "jo laukika zabda haiM, ve hI vaidika zabda haiM' kathana meM vyAghAta doSa aaegaa| eka pada to aneka arthoM kA pratipAdana kare aura una padoM kA kramAtmaka vAkya aneka arthoM kA pratipAdana nahIM kare aisA kahanA ajJAna andhakAra kI ceSTA mAtra hai kyoMki padoM (zabdoM) se jitane padArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai utane unake jJAna aura una pada jJAnoM ke hetu mAnakara utpanna hone vAle vAkyArtha utane hI mAnane pdd'eNge| isa prakAra eka pada yA zloka ke cAra, sAta Adi arthoM ko kahane vAle catuHsaMdhAna, saptasaMdhAna Adi vAkyoM kI siddhi hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai arthAt eka pada vA vAkya ke aneka artha ho sakate haiM, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| "jJeyAdi padoM ke samAna vyavaccheda kA abhAva hone se kevala pada kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai arthAt jaise jJeya pada kA koI vyAvartya (vyavacchedaka) nahIM hai kyoMki vastubhUta padArtha jJeya se bAhya nahIM hai, jJeya svarUpa hI hai usI prakAra akele pada kA bhI koI vyavaccheda nahIM hai kyoMki vAkya meM sthita usa pada kA vyavacchedya vidyamAna hai| "isa prakAra kahane vAle bhI zabda nyAya se bahiSkRta haiM arthAt ve nyAya zAstra kI nIti ke jJAyaka nahIM haiM, kyoMki vAkya meM sthita padoM ke samAna akele padoM kA bhI artha sahitapanA pratIta hotA hai| 1. kisI sthAna para arthabheda meM zabdabheda mAnanA aura kisI sthAna para arthabheda meM zabdabheda nahIM mAnanA vyAghAta doSa hai| 2. padoM ke samUha ko vAkya kahate haiN|
Page #262
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 249 padAMtarApekSatvAtteSAM vizeSastannirapekSebhyaH kevalebhya iti cet , n| tasya sato'pi tathA prvibhaagkrnnaasaamrthyaat| na hi svayamasamarthAnAM vAkyArthapratipAdane sarvathA padAMtarApekSAyAmapi sAmarthyamupapannamatiprasaMgAt, tadA tatsamarthatvena teSAmutpatteH / kevalAvasthAto vizeSa iti cettarhi vAkyameva vAkyArthaprakAzane samarthaM tathA pariNatAnAM padAnAM padavyapadezAbhAvAt / yadi punaravayavArthenAnarthavattvaM kevalAnAM tadA padArthAbhAva eva sarvatra syAt tatonyeSAM padAnAmabhAvAt / vAkyebhyopoddhRtya kalpitAnAmarthavattvaM na punarakalpitAnAM kevalAnAmiti bruvANaH kathaM svastha:? vyavacchedyAbhAvazcAsiddhaH kevalajJeyapadasyAjJeyavyavacchedena svArthanizcayanahetutvAt / sarvaM hi vastu jJAnaM jJeyaM ceti dvairAzyena yadA vyAptamavatiSThate tadA jJeyAdanyatAmAdadhAnaM jJAnamajJeyaM prasiddhameva tato jJeyapadasya tadvyavacchedyaM ____samudAya rUpa artha kI apekSA se una akele padoM ko nirarthaka mAnane para vAkya meM sthita padoM ke bhI nirarthakatva kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki vAkyagata pada meM aura akele pada meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai| . "vAkyagata pada anya padoM kI apekSA rakhate haiM jaise 'vastramAnaya' isameM 'vastra' pada lAo pada kI apekSA rakhatA hai aura lAo pada vastra kI apekSA rakhatA hai kintu kevala akelA pada nirapekSa hotA hai ata: nirapekSa aura sApekSa kI apekSA kevalapada aura vAkya gata pada meM vizeSatA hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sApekSa aura nirapekSa kI apekSA donoM padoM meM antara hote hue bhI unameM spaSTa vibhAga karanA zakya nahIM hai| jo pada vAkya ke artha kA nirUpaNa karane meM svayaM sarvathA asamartha hai usake anyapadoM kI apekSA hone para bhI sAmarthya utpanna nahIM ho sakatA anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt svayaM zakti rahita hote hue bhI dUsaroM kI apekSA se kArya karegA to koI bhI padArtha kisI ke bhI sahayoga se kArya karane meM samartha ho jaayegaa| yadi kaho ki usa samaya vAkya kI avasthA meM usa vAkyArtha ke pratipAdana karane ke sAmarthya se yukta padoM kI navIna utpatti hotI hai isalie akele pada kI apekSA vAkyagata pada meM vizeSatA hai taba to vAkya hI vAkyArtha kA pratipAdana karane meM samartha hai| ata: vAkyArtha pariNata padoM ke samudAya meM vAkya kA vyavahAra hotA hai pada ke vyavahAra kA abhAva hai| yadi puna: avayavarUpa artha se kevala padoM ko artha rahita mAnA jAegA to sarvatra padArthoM ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki khaNDa rUpa avayava arthoM ko kahane vAle padoM se atirikta anya padoM kA abhAva hai arthAt avayavoM kI zaktiyoM se hI avayavI kI zakti banatI hai jaise tantuoM ke samUha se hI vastra banatA hai| vAkyoM se pRthak karake kalpita kiye gaye padoM ko to arthavAna mAnA jAye parantu vAkya se rahita akalpita padoM ko arthavAna nahIM mAnA jAye arthAt vAkyagata pada to aneka arthoM ko kahane vAle haiM, akele pada artha ko kahane vAle nahIM hai,aisA kahane vAlA (mImAMsaka) vicArazIla (buddhimAna) kaise ho sakatA hai? pUrva meM kathita jJeya Adi pada ke samAna kevala pada kA vyavacchedya nahIM hone se kevala pada kA bolanA nirarthaka hai| yaha vyavacchedya kA abhAva kahanA asiddha hai kyoMki kevala jJeya pada ko ajJeya ke vyavaccheda karake apane artha ke nizcaya karane vAle kA hetupanA prApta hai| jaba sampUrNa vastue~ jJAna aura jJeya ina do rAziyoM meM vyApta hokara vyavasthita haiM taba jJeya se kathaJcit bhinnatA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA jJAna ajJeya rUpa se prasiddha hI hai| isalie jJeya pada kA vaha (jJAna) vyavacchedya hai isakA nirAkaraNa kaise ho sakatA hai?
Page #263
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 250 kathaM pratikSipyate / yadi punarjJAnasyApi svato jJAyamAnatvAnnAjJeyatvamiti mataM, tadA sarvathA jJAnAbhAvAt kuto jJeyavyavasthA ? svato jJeyaM jJAnamiti cet na, jJAyakasya rUpasya kartRsAdhanena jJAnazabdena vAcyasya karaNasAdhanena vA sAdhakatamasya bhAvasAdhanena ca kriyAmAtrasya karmasAdhanena pratIyamAnAdrUpAdbhedena prasiddharajJeyatvopapatteH / kathamajJeyasya jJAyakatvAderjJAnarUpasya siddhiH ? jJAyamAnasya kutaH ? svata eveti cet, paratra samAnaM / yathaiva hi jJAnaM jJeyatvena svayaM prakAzate tathA jJAyakatvAdinApi vizeSAbhAvAt / jJeyAMtarAdyanapekSasya kathaM jJAyakatvAdirUpaM tasyeti cet jJAyakAdyanapekSasya jJeyatvaM kathaM ? svato na jJeyarUpaM nApi jJAyakAdirUpaM jJAnaM sarvathA vyAghAtAt yadi pana: jJAna ke svata: jJAyamAna hone se ajJeya nahIM hai apita jJeya svarUpa hI hai. isalie sarvathA jJAna padArtha kA abhAva hone se jJeya vyavasthA kaise hogii| vaha jJAna svata: jJeya ho jAegA, aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate? kyoMki aisA mAnane para to jJeya se jJAna bhinna siddha ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : 'jJA' dhAtu se kartA, karaNa, bhAva aura karma meM 'yuT' pratyaya lagAkara jJAna zabda kI niSpatti kI jAtI hai| kartR sAdhana meM jJAna zabda se jJAyaka AtmA kA svarUpa vAcya hotA hai| karaNa sAdhana se siddha jJAna zabda se jJapti kriyA kA svarUpa vAcyArtha hotA hai| vA karaNa sAdhana ke dvArA sAdhakatama kA jJAna hotA hai| bhAva sAdhana ke dvArA niSpanna zabda jJapti mAtra kriyA kA vAcaka hotA hai| karma sAdhana ke dvArA niSpanna zabda se jJeya artha vAcya hotA hai| isa prakaraNa meM karmatva se siddha jJeya rUpa se kartA, karma, karaNa aura bhAva rUpa se pratIyamAna jJAna zabda bheda rUpa se prasiddha hai ataH jJAna ke ajJeyapanA siddha hotA hai| arthAt vaha jJAna kevala jJeya pada kA vyavacchedaka hai| "ajJeya ke jJAyakatvAdi ke jJAna svarUpa kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai ? arthAt kartA, karaNa aura bhAva sAdhana se niSpanna jJAyakatva, jJAnatva aura jJaptipana ina ajJeyoM ko yuT pratyaya vAle jJAna svarUpa kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai|" aisA kahane para prazna uThatA hai ki jAnane yogya jJeya ko karma meM yuT pratyaya karane para jJAnapanA kaise siddha hotA hai ? yadi kaho ki jAnane yogya jJAna ko to svata: jJAnarUpatA siddha hai, taba to dUsaroM (jJAyaka karaNa, jJAna aura jJapti) meM bhI samAna rUpa se svayameva jJAnarUpatA siddha ho jAtI hai| jaise jJAna jJeyatvasvarUpa se svayaM prakAzita hai usI prakAra vaha jJAna jJAyakatvAdi rUpa se bhI svayaM prakAzita haikyoMki ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| "yadi kaho ki jJeyAntaroM kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle jJAna ke jJeyatva, jJAnatva Adi svarUpa usa jJAna ke kaise kahe jA sakate haiM? to prazna uThatA hai ki jJAyaka, jJapti aura jJAna kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle ke jJeyapanA kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? yadi koI jJAnAdvaitavAdI kahe ki jJAna na to svayaM jJeya svarUpa hai aura na jJAyaka evaM jJapti svarUpa hai kyoMki sabhI prakAroM se vyAghAta hai arthAt jJAna ke zuddha pUrNa zarIra meM jJAyakapana aura jJeyapana dharma ke lie sthAna nahIM hai yadi jJAyakapana, jJeyapana hogA to jJAnatva nahIM raha sakatA kintu vaha
Page #264
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 251 kiMtu jJAnasvarUpameveti cenna, tadabhAve tasyApyabhAvAnuSaMgAt / tadbhAvepi ca siddhaM jJeyapadasya vyavacchedyamiti saarthktvmev| jJAnaM hi syAdjJeyaM syAdjJAnaM / ajJAnaM tu jJeyameveti syAdvAdimate prasiddha siddhameva / kathaMcittavyavacchedyaM na ca jJAnaM svata: parato vA, yena rUpeNa jJeyaM tena jJeyameva yena tu jJAnaM tena jJAnamevetyavadhAraNe syAdvAdivirodhaH, samyagekAMtasya tthopgmaat| nApyanavasthA. parAparajJAnajJeyarUpaparikalpanAbhAvAt tAvadaiva kasyacidAkAMkSAnivRtteH / sAkAMkSasya tu tatra tat rUpAMtarakalpanAyAmapi doSAbhAvAt sarvArthajJAnotpattau sakalApekSAparyavasAnAt / parAzaMkitasya vA sarvasyAjJeyasya vyavacchedyatvavacanAnna jJeyapadasyAnarthakatvaM / sarvapadaM vyAdisaMkhyApadaM vAnena sArthakamuktamasarvasyAdvyAdezca vyavacchedyasya sadbhAvAt / na hyasarvazabdAbhidheyAnAM jJAna sarvAMga rUpa se jJAna svarUpa hI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki jJAyaka aura jJeya ke abhAva meM jJAna ke abhAva kA bhI prasaMga AtA hai tathA jJAna kA sadbhAva hone para jJAna jJeya pada kA vyavacchedya siddha ho jAtA hai ata: vyavacchedya ke sadbhAva hone para jJeya padake sArthakapanA hai| ____ "syAdvAda siddhAnta meM, jJAna jJeya svarUpa bhI hai aura jJAna svarUpa bhI hai parantu ajJAna (jar3asvarUpa dharmAdi dravya vA pudgala) jJeya hI hai| yaha prasiddha hI hai| isalie jJAna jJeya kA kathaMcit vyavacchedaka siddha hI hai|" ___jJAna, sva vA para kI apekSA se jJAyaka hokara jisa svabhAva se jJeya hai, usa svarUpa se jJeya hI hai bhaura jisa svarUpa se jJAna hai usa svarUpa se jJAna svarUpa hI hai, isa kathana meM syAdvAda siddhAnta meM virodha nahIM hai kyoMki samyag ekAnta meM (paraspara sApekSa naya meM) isa prakAra svIkAra kiyA hai ataH isameM anavasthA doSa bhI nahIM hai kyoMki isameM parApara uttarottara jJAna aura jJeyarUpa parikalpanA kA abhAva hai arthAt jJAna ke aMza meM jJeyatva aura jJAnatva mAnA jAtA hai aura usa jJAna meM dUsare kAraNoM se jJeyatva evaM jJAnatva mAnA jAtA hai, usameM phira tIsare se mAnA jAtA hai taba anavasthA doSa AtA hai parantu jaba jJAna ke jJAnatva aura jJeyatva svabhAva ko kathaMcit samyag ekAnta (naya vivakSA) se pRthak mAna lene para anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki uttarottara dUsare jJAna jJeya svarUpoM kI dhArAvAhinI kalpanA na hone ke kAraNa utane se hI jJAtA kI AkAMkSA nivRtta ho jAtI hai parantu AkAMkSA sahita puruSa ke rUpAntara kI kalpanA karane meM doSoM kA abhAva hai arthAt kucha praznoM ke bAda usakI AkAMkSA svayameva samApta ho jAtI hai| tathA paripUrNa jJAna utpanna ho jAne para sampUrNa apekSAoM kA anta ho jAtA hai arthAt kevalajJAna utpanna ho jAne para jJAna aura jJeya svarUpoM ko jAnane kI AkAMkSA hI nahIM rahatI hai| sampUrNa jJAna jJeyoM ke yugapat pratyakSa ho jAne para sabhI icchAoM kA avasAna ho jAtA hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA zaMkA kiye gaye sampUrNa ajJeyoM ke vyavachedyatva kA kathana karane se jJeyapada kI anarthakatA nahIM hai| isI prakAra sarva pada athavA do tIna Adi saMkhyAvAcI pada bhI sArthaka haiN| isakA bhI ukta kathana se nirUpaNa kara diyA hai| kyoMki sarvapada kA vyavacchedya asarva aura do saMkhyA kA vyavacchedaka do rahita Adi saMkhyA kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai|
Page #265
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 252 samudAyinAM vyavacchede tadAtmana: samudAyasya sarvazabdavAcyasya pratiSedhAdiSTApavAdaH saMbhavati, samudAyibhya: kathaMcitbhedAtsamudAyasya / nApyadvyAdInAM pratiSedhe vyAdividhAnavirodhaH paramasaMkhyAto'lpasaMkhyAyAH kathaMcidanyatvAt / tadevaM vivAdApannaM kevalaM padaM savyavacchedyaM padatvAdghaTAdipadavat savyacchedyatvAcca sArthaka tadvaditi pratiyogivyavacchedena svArthapratipAdane vAkyaprayogavatpadaprayogepi yuktamavadhAraNamanyathAnuktasamatvAt tatprayogasyAnarthakyAt / anye tvAhuH sarvaM vastviti zabdo dravyavacano jIva ityAdizabdavat tadabhidheyasya vizeSyatvena dravyatvAt, astIti guNavacanastadarthasya vizeSaNatvena guNatvAt / tayoH sAmAnyAtmanovizeSAdvyavacchedena vizeSaNavizeSyasaMbhavatvAvadyotanArtha evkaarH| zukla eva paTa ityAdivat svArthasAmAnyAbhidhAyakatvAdvizeSaNavizeSyazabdayostatsaMbaMdhasAmAnyadyotakatvopapatte: evakArasyeti / tepi yadi viziSTa padaprayogenaivakAraH prayoktavya ityabhimanyaMte smRte tadA na syAdvAdinasteSAM asarva pada ke dvArA kathanIya samudAyiyoM ko vyavaccheda (pRthak) kara dene para una samudAyiyoM se abhinna tadAtmaka sarvazabda ke dvArA vAcya, samudAya kA niSedha ho jAne para iSTa padArtha kA apavAda saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki samudAya aura samudAyI meM kathaJcit bheda pAyA jAtA hai tathA advi-atri Adi kA niSedha hone para bhI advi-atri Adi saMkhyA ke vidhAna kA virodha nahIM hai kyoMki bar3I saMkhyA se alpa saMkhyA meM kathaJcit bheda svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| (kathaJcit donoM ko pRthak-pRthak mAnA hai|) isa prakAra vivAdApanna anya padoM se rahita kevala pada (pakSa) vyavacchedya sahita hai, (sAdhya) ghaTa paTa Adi ke samAna padatva hone se| isa anumAna se vyavacchedyatva siddha ho jAne para dUsare anumAna ke dvArA vyavacchedya sahita hetu kevala pada ko sArthakapanA bhI una ghaTa paTa, AdikoM ke samAna siddha kara liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra apane se bhinna pratiyogiyoM kI vyAvRtti karake svArtha ke pratipAdana karane meM jaise vAkya kA prayoga sArthaka hai, usI ke samAna pada ke prayoga meM bhI evakAra ke dvArA avadhAraNA karanA upayukta hai| anyathA nahIM kahe hue ke samAna ho jAne se usa pada kA prayoga karanA vyartha hogaa| ___ anya matAvalambI kahate haiM ki jIva ityAdi zabdoM ke samAna sarva, vastu ye zabda bhI dravya ke kathaka hone se dravyavAcI zabda haiM, kyoMki inake dvArA kahA gayA padArtha vizeSya hone ke kAraNa dravya hai| 'asti' yaha zabda vizeSaNatva se guNa hone se padArtha ke guNa kA kathana karatA hai-ataH guNavAcI zabda hai| sAmAnya Atmaka guNa aura dravya una donoM kA vizeSa rUpa se vyavaccheda (pRthak bhAva) karake vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva ko pragaTa karane ke liye evakAra zabda kA prayoga karanA cAhie, jaise ki 'zukla eva paTa' 'drauNa eva brIhiH' zukla hI paTa hai, drauNa hI cAvala, ityAdi sthaloM para vizeSaNa vizeSyoM kA karmadhAraya samAsa karane para evakAra lagAyA jAtA hai| vizeSaNa aura vizeSya zabda donoM hI apane-apane artha ke sAmAnya rUpa se abhidhAyaka hone se unake sAmAnya rUpa se sambandha ko dyotana karane ke lie evakAra kA prayoga Avazyaka hai| tabhI evakAra kA dyotakapanA siddha ho sakatA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane vAle bhI viziSTa pada kA uccAraNa karane para yA sAmAnya ke dvArA vizeSa kA smaraNa kara lene para evakAra kA
Page #266
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 253 niyatapadArthAvadyotakatvenApyevakArasyeSTatvAt / athAstyeva sarvamityAdivAkye vizeSyavizeSaNasaMbaMdhasAmAnyAvadyotanArtha evakAronyatra padaprayoge niyatapadArthAvadyotanArthopIti nijagustadA na doSaH / kena punaH zabdenopAttortha evakAreNa dyotyata iti cet , yena saha prayujyate asAviti pratyeyaM / padena hi saha prayuktosau niyataM tadarthamavadyotayati vAkyena vAkyArthamiti siddhaM / nanu ca sadeva sarvamityukte sarvasya sarvathA sattvaprasaktiH sattvasAmAnyasya vizeSaNatvAdvastusAmAnyasya ca vizeSyatvAt tatsaMbaMdhasya ca sAmAnyAdevakAreNa dyotanAt / prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie, isa prakAra abhimAna pUrvaka mAna rahe haiM arthAt-sAmAnya rUpa padoM ke sAtha eva lagAnA cAhie, vizeSa pada ke sAtha nahIM, yaha bhI syAdvAda ke jJAtA nahIM haiM, kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM niyata viziSTa padArthoM kA dyotana karane ke lie evakAra kA prayoga iSTa kiyA hai| bhAvArtha : mImAMsakoM ke anusAra sAmAnya vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva sambandha pragaTa karane ke lie evakAra kA prayoga karanA cAhie, vizeSa sambandha ke lie evakAra lagAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai parantu unakA yaha kathana abhimAna mAtra hai yA mithyAjJAna hai kyoMki sabhI vyAvRttiyoM ke lie vAkyoM meM evakAra kA prayoga karanA atyAvazyaka hai| - athavA- "sarva padArtha kathaJcit astisvarUpa hI haiM" ityAdi vAkyoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se vizeSaNa vizeSya sambandha ko avadyotana (pragaTa) karane ke lie 'evakAra' kA prayoga karanA caahie| tathA anyatra (dUsare sthala para) pada kA prayoga karane para niyamita padArthoM ko pragaTa karane ke lie bhI 'evakAra' kA prayoga karanA caahie| isa prakAra kahane meM koI doSa nahIM hai arthAt syAdvAda siddhAnta meM isa prakAra kathaMcit vA syAdvAda kA prayoga karake hI vAkyoM kA uccAraNa kiyA gayA hai| zaMkA : kisa zabda ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA gayA avadhAraNArUpa artha evakAra se pragaTa kiyA jAtA uttara : jisaM vAkya ke sAtha evakAra kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai usI pada vA vAkya se kathita artha 'eva' nipAta se abhivyakta kara diyA jAtA hai| jaba pada ke sAtha nizcaya se vaha 'eva' zabda prayukta hotA hai (eva kA vAkya meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai) taba vaha niyata pada ke artha ko prakaTa kara detA hai aura jaba vAkya ke sAtha evakAra kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, taba vaha vAkya ke niyamita artha ko prakAzita karatA hai| isa prakAra aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ke lie pada aura vAkya meM evakAra kA prayoga karake avadhAraNA karanI cAhie yaha yuktiyoM se siddha kiyA jA cukA hai| - zaMkA : 'sadeva sarvaM' 'sampUrNa vastu sat svarUpa hI hai' isa prakAra kahane para sarvathA sabhI ko sattva rahane kA hI prasaMga AyegA kyoMki sAmAnya rUpa se sattva sarva vastuoM kA vizeSaNa hai aura sAmAnya rUpa se sarva vastue~ vizeSya haiM tathA una vizeSaNa vizeSya kA sambandha sAmAnya rUpa se evakAra ke dvArA pragaTa hotA hai arthAt sAmAnya kI apekSA sarva padArtha sattva rUpa hI haiN|
Page #267
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 254 tathA ca jIvopyajIvasattve nAstIti vyAptaM svapratiyogino nAstitvasyaivAstIti padena vyavacchedAt jIva evAstItyavadhAraNe tu bhavedajIvanAstitA / naiva seSTA pratItivirodhAt / tataH kathamastyeva jIva ityAdivatsadeva sarvamiti vacanaM ghaTata ityArekAyAmAha;sarvathA tatprayogepi sttvaadipraaptivicchide| syAtkAraH saMprayujyetAnekAMtadyotakatvataH // 54 // ___syAdastyeva jIva ityatra syAtkAra: saMprayogamarhati tadaprayoge jIvasya pudgalAdyastitvenApi sarvaprakAreNAstitvaprAptevicchedAghaTanAt tatra tathAzabdenAprAptitvAt / prakaraNAderjIve pudgalAdyastitvavyavacchede tu tasyAzabdArthatvaM tatprakaraNAderazabdatvAt / na cAzabdAdarthapratipattirbhavaMtI zAbdI yuktAtiprasaMgAt / tathA jIva bhI ajIva ke sat sAmAnya se vyApta hai arthAt sattva sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva aura ajIva samAna haiN| parapakSa : jIva asti hI hai isa prakAra evakAra pada se svakIya astitva ke pratiyogI nAstitva kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai parantu jIva meM ajIva ke sattva kI vyAvRtti nahIM ho sktii| yadi jIva hI hai aisI avadhAraNA karoge to ajIva pada kI nAsti ho jAegI parantu ajIva pada kI sarvathA nAsti iSTa nahIM hai kyoMki ajIva padArtha kA abhAva pratIti ke viruddha hai arthAt ghaTa-paTa zarIra Adi padArtha jJAnagocara ho rahe haiM ataH jIva hI hai, ajIva hI hai, ityAdi vacanoM ke samAna sarva vastu 'sat' svarUpa hI hai, aisA prayoga karanA kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai ? arthAt jaise 'jIva hI hai' yaha ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA vaise hI sarva vastu satsvarUpa. hI hai aisA ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra kI zaMkA hone para jainAcArya uttara dete haiM: usa evakAra kA prayoga karane para bhI sarvathA (ekAnta rUpa se) sattvAdi kI prApti kA viccheda karane ke lie vAkya meM syAtkAra zabda kA prayoga karanA cAhie kyoMki 'syAt' zabda hI anekAnta kA dyotaka hai||54|| ___ "syAdasti eva jIvaH" kathaJcit jIva padArtha asti svarUpa hai| isa vAkya meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga karanA yogya hai| yadi isa pada meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAyegA to jIva ke pudgala, AkAza Adi ke astitva ke dvArA bhI sabhI prakAra se asti hone kA prasaMga AegA arthAt syAt pada ke prayoga ke binA jaise jIva apane svarUpa se asti hai, vaise hI anya pudgalAdi svarUpa se bhI jIva astitva ko prApta hogA aura aisA hone para jIva ko pudgala Adi se pRthak karanA bhI ghaTita nahIM ho sakegA parantu usa prakAra zabda ke dvArA sattva Adi kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| arthAt jIva kA astitva, pudgala ke astitva se nahIM hai| yadi prakaraNa, avasara, yogyatA Adi se jIva meM pudgala Adi ke astitva kI vyAvRtti karoge to vaha zabda kA vAcyArtha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki una prakaraNa Adi ke dvArA prApta artha zabda kA vAcya nahIM ho sakatA aura vAcaka zabda ke binA hone vAlI artha kI pratipatti 'zabda se huI hai' aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata kaise ho sakatA hai kyoMki usameM atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai|
Page #268
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 255 nanvastitvasAmAnyenaM jIvasya vyAptatvAt pudgalAdyastitvavizeSairavyApterna tatprasaktiH kRtakasyAnityatvasAmAnyena vyAptasyAnityatvavizeSAprasaktivat / tatonarthakastannivRttaye syAtprayoga iti cenna, avadhAraNavaiyarthyaprasaMgAt / svagatenAstitvavizeSeNa jIvasyAstitvAvadhAraNAt pratIyate kRtakasya svagatAnityatvavizeSeNAnityatvavaditi cenna, svagateneti vizeSaNAt paragatena naiveti saMpratyayAdavadhAraNAnarthakyasya tadavasthatvAt / na cAnavadhAraNakaM vAkyaM yuktaM, jIvasyAstitvavannAstitvasyApyanuSaMgAt kRtakasya nityatvAnuSaMgavat / tatrAstitvasyAnavadhRtatvAt kRtakenAnityatvAnavadhAraNe nityatvavat / sarveNa hi prakAreNa jIvAderastitvAbhyupagame tannAstitvanirAse vAvadhAraNaM phalavatsyAt / yathA kRtakasya sarveNAnityatvena zabdaghaTAdigatenAnityatvAbhyupagame tannityatvanirAse ca nAnyathA, tathAvadhAraNasAphalyopagame ca jIvAdirastitvasAmAnyenAsti, na punarastitvavizeSeNa pudgalAdigateneti pratipattaye yuktaH syAtkAraprayogastasya tAdagarthadyotakatvAt / nanu ca yosti sa svAyattadravyakSetrakAlabhAvaireva zaMkA : sAmAnya astitva se jIva kI vyApti hai aura pudgalAdi astitva vizeSa ke dvArA jIva ke sAtha vyApti nahIM hai isalie jIva ke pudgalAdi ke sAtha astitva hone kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| jaise sAmAnya anityatva ke sAtha vyApta kRtakatva kA vizeSa anityatva ke sAtha vyApta hone kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| isalie aniSTa (sarvasattva) kI nivRtti ke lie syAt zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai| uttara : aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para to avadhAraNA ke lie evakAra ke prayoga karane meM bhI vyartha kA prasaMga AegA arthAt jaba ajIvAdi kA astitva hI nahIM hai taba 'jIva hI hai' aisA kahane se kyA prayojana hai ? . "svagata astitva vizeSaNa se jIva ke astitva kI avadhAraNA hone se pratIta ho rahA hai| jaise svagata anityatva vizeSaNa se kRtakatva kA anityatva pratIta hotA hai|" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki svagata astitva vizeSaNa se paragata astitva ke niSedha rUpa se jaba pratIti (jJAna) ho jAtI hai taba avadhAraNA karane kA vyarthapanA jaise kA taisA hI raha jAtA hai| isalie avadhAraNA rahita vAkya bolanA yukta nahIM hai| anyathA (yadi aisA nahIM hai to) jaise jIva ke astitva kA vidhAna hai vaise hI nAstitva ke vidhAna kA bhI prasaMga AyegA jaise ki ghaTa paTa Adi kRtakatva niyama na karane para nityatva kA prasaMga AtA hai| jisa prakAra kRtakatva ke sAtha anityatva kI avadhAraNA nahIM karane para unake nityatva kA prasaMga AtA hai, usI prakAra astitva kI anavadhAraNA karane para jIva ke anya padArthoM kI apekSA se bhI astitva kA prasaMga aayegaa| sabhI prakAra se jIva Adi ke astitva ko svIkAra karane para aura ajIva Adi nAstitva kA nirAkaraNa karane para avadhAraNA karanA saphala ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra kRtakatva kA zabda, ghaTa, paTa Adigata sabhI prakAra ke anitya ke sAtha anityatva ko svIkAra karane para aura nityatva kA nirAsa karane para evakAra kA prayoga karanA sArthaka hotA hai| anyathA (astitva ke vidhAna aura nAstitva ke nirAkaraNa ke binA evakAra kA prayoga karanA) sArthaka nahIM hai| ___ tathA avadhAraNA kI saphalatA ko svIkAra karane para sAmAnya astitva kI apekSA jIvAdi asti rUpa haiM aura pudgalAdigata vizeSa astitva kI apekSA nAsti svarUpa haiN| isa svacatuSTaya kI apekSA asti aura para catuSTaya kI apekSA nAsti kA parijJAna karAne ke lie syAt pada kA prayoga karanA yukta (sArthaka)
Page #269
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 256 netaraisteSAmaprastutatvAditi kecit , satyaM / sa tu tAdRzorthaH zabdAtpratIyamAnaH / kIdRzAtpratIyate iti zAbdavyavahAraciMtAyAM syAtkAro dyotako nipAtaH prayujyate liGatapratirUpakaH / kena puna: zabdenoktonekAMta:? syAtkAreNa dyotyata iti cet , sadeva sarvamityAdivAkyenAbhedavRttyAbhedopacAreNa ceti brUmaH / sakalAdezo hi yaugapadyenAzeSadharmAtmakaM vastu kAlAdibhirabhedavRttyA pratipAdayatyabhedopacAreNa vA tasya pramANAdhInatvAt / vikalAdezastu krameNa bhedopacAreNa bhedaprAdhAnyena vA tasya nayAyattatvAt / kaH punaH kramaH kiM vA yaugapadyaM? hai kyoMki, syAt pada ke hI uparikathita artha kA dyotakapanA hai arthAt 'syAd' pada ke prayoga se hI asti nAsti do viruddha dharma eka vastu meM siddha ho sakate haiN| ____ zaMkA : jo vastu hai, vaha svakIya dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke dvArA hI hai tathA para dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA nahIM hai kyoMki, paradravya kA prastuta prakaraNa nahIM hai (ata: syAt pada kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai) aisA koI kahate haiM ? samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki vaisA artha zabda se pratIta ho rahA hai| zabda se pratIta hone vAlA artha kisa prakAra ke zabda se pratIta hotA hai ? isa prakAra zabdajanya vyavahAra kA vicAra karane para syAt' isa artha ke dyotaka nipAta kA prayoga karanA cAhie arthAt syAt pada ke prayoga se hI svakSetra, kAla, dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA astitva aura para dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA nAstitva siddha hotA hai| adAdi gaNa kI 'as bhuvi' dhAtu se liG lakAra meM prathama puruSa kA ekavacana syAt banatA hai| yaha syAt nipAta usake sAdRzya ko rakhane vAlA liGanta pratirUpaka avyaya hai| prazna : kisa zabda ke dvArA kathita anekAnta syAt zabda ke dvArA prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai ? uttara : syAtkAra ke dvArA hI anekAnta prakAzita hotA hai? kyoMki "sampUrNa padArtha sat svarUpa hI haiM" ityAdi vAkya kI abheda vRtti (sambandha) se vA abheda upacAra (vyavahAra) se anekAnta kahA jAtA hai aisA hama kahate haiN| yAnI abheda vRtti hone ke kAraNa eka dharma ke pratipAdaka zabda se aneka dharma kaha die jAte haiN| sampUrNa vastu kA kathana karane vAlA sakalAdeza vAkya to vastu ke kAla, AtmasvarUpa Adi ke dvArA abheda vRtti yA abheda upacAra se svakIya sampUrNa dharmoM kA eka sAtha kathana karatA hai kyoMki vaha sakalAdeza vAkya pramANa ke adhIna ho rahA bolA jAtA hai aura vastu ke eka aMza ko kahane vAlA vikalAdeza to bheda ke upacAra se yA bheda kI pradhAnatA se kramazaH azeSa dharmAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana karatA hai kyoMki usa vikalAdeza vAkya kI pravRtti nayoM ke adhIna hai| prazna : krama kyA hai ? aura yugapat kyA hai ?
Page #270
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 257 yadAstitvAdidharmANI kAlAdibhirbhedavivakSA tadaikasya zabdasyAnekArthapratyAyane zaktyabhAvAt kramaH / yadA tu teSAmeva dharmANAM kAlAdibhirabhedena vRttamAtmarUpamucyate tadaikenApi zabdenaikadharmapratyAyanamukhena tadAtmakatAmApannasyAnekAzeSarUpasya prtipaadnsNbhvaadyaugpdyN| ke puna: kAlAdayaH ? kAla: AtmarUpaM arthaH saMbaMdha: upakAro guNideza: saMsargaH zabda iti / tatra syAjjIvAdi vastu astyeva ityatra yatkAlamastitvaM tatkAlAH zeSAnaMtadharmA vastunyekatreti, teSAM kAlenAbhedavRttiH / yadeva cAstitvasya tadguNatvamAtmarUpaM tadevAnyAnaMtaguNAnAmapItyAtmarUpeNAbhedavRttiH / ya eva cAdhArortho dravyAkhyostitvasya sa evAnyaparyAyANAmityarthenAbhedavRttiH / ya evAviSvagbhAvaH kathaMcittAdAtmyalakSaNaH saMbaMdhostitvasya sa evAzeSavizeSANAmiti saMbaMdhenAbhedavRttiH / ya eva copakArostitvena svAnuraktakaraNaM sa eva zeSairapi guNairityupakAreNAbhedavRttiH / ya eva ca guNidezostitvasya sa evAnyaguNAnAmiti gunnideshenaabhedvRttiH| ya eva ___uttara : jisa samaya astitva, nAstitva Adi dharmoM kI kAlAdi ke dvArA vivakSA hai taba eka zabda kI aneka arthoM ko samajhAne meM (jJAna karAne meM) zakti kA abhAva hone se krama se kathana kiyA jAtA hai| ___jaba unhIM dharmoM kA kAla Adi ke dvArA abheda sambandha se AtmasvarUpa kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai taba eka zabda ke dvArA dharma ko samajhAne kI mukhyatA se eka dharma ke sAtha tadAtmakatA ko prApta aneka azeSa dharmoM ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karanA saMbhava hone se yugapat kahA jAtA hai arthAt bheda vivakSA meM vastu ke eka-eka dharma kA krama kiyA jAtA hai aura abheda vivakSA meM eka zabda dvArA aneka dharmAtmaka vastu kA eka hI samaya meM yugapat nirUpaNa hotA hai, isI se naya aura pramANa kA bheda siddha hotA hai| kAlAdika ke dvArA dravya, guNa aura paryAyoM meM bheda aura abheda kA kathana prazna : kAlAdi puna: kyA haiM ? uttara : kAla, AtmarUpa, artha, sambandha, upakAra, guNideza, saMsarga aura zabda isa prakAra ATha haiM, una AThoM meM jIvAdika vastu kathaMcit asti svarUpa hI hai usameM jIvakAla rUpa se asti hai| jIvasvarUpa eka vastu meM astitva, vastutva Adi sampUrNa ananta dharmoM kA bhI vahI kAla hai kyoMki kAla svarUpa se una dharmoM kI abheda rUpa se vRtti (sambandha) hai arthAt sarva astitva Adi guNa kA AtmarUpa nijasvarUpa hai vahI abheda vRtti se anya ananta guNoM kA bhI AtmasvarUpa hai, arthAt AtmasvarUpa se ananta dharmoM kI paraspara meM abheda vRtti hai| jo astitva guNa kA AdhArabhUta dravya nAmaka padArtha hai vahI artha (dravya) abheda vivakSA se anya paryAyoM kA Azraya hai, arthAt eka hI dravya ke AdhAra meM ananta guNa Adheya rUpa se rahate haiM, jo hI apRthak bhUta kathaMcit tAdAtmyalakSaNa astitva guNa kA sambandha hai, vahI apRthakbhUta sambandha abhedavRtti se sampUrNa vizeSa aMzoM (paryAyoM) kA bhI hai| arthAt sambandha ke kAraNa hI sampUrNa dharmoM kA vastu ke sAtha abheda hai| jo hI svakIya astitva se vastu ko apane anurUpa kara dene rUpa svabhAva vAlA upakAra hai arthAt jo vastu ke astitva svarUpa ko akSuNNa rakhane vAlA upakAra hai, vahI upakAra azeSa sampUrNa guNoM ko bhI svakIya-svakIya anurUpa karane vAlA upakAra hai, arthAt eka hI upakAra jaise astitva dharma ko vastu ke
Page #271
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 258 caikavastvAtmanAstitvasya saMsargaH sa eva zeSadharmANAmiti saMsargeNAbhedavRttiH / ya eva vAstItizabdostitvadharmAtmakasya vastuno vAcakaH sa eva zeSAnaMtadharmAtmakasyApIti zabdenAbhedavRttiH / paryAyArthe guNabhAve dravyArthikatvaprAdhAnyAdupapadyate, dravyArthikaguNabhAvena paryAyArthikaprAdhAnye tu na guNAnAM kAlAdibhirabhedavRttiH aSTadhA saMbhavati / pratikSaNamanyatopapatterbhinnakAlatvAt / sakRdekatra naanaagunnaanaamsNbhvaat| saMbhave vA tadAzrayasya tAvadvA bhedaprasaMgAt / teSAmAtmarUpasya ca bhinnatvAt tadabhede tadbhedavirodhAt / svAzrayasyArthasyApi nAnAtvAt anyathA nAnAguNAzrayatvavirodhAt saMbaMdhasya ca saMbaMdhibhedena bhedadarzanAt nAnAsaMbaMdhibhirekatraikasaMbaMdhAghaTanAt taiH kriyamANasyopakArasya ca pratiniyatarUpasyAnekatvAt guNidezasya ca anurUpa kara detA hai vahI eka upakAra sampUrNa azeSa guNoM evaM paryAyoM ko vastu ke anurUpa karane vAlA hai kyoMki, sampUrNa dharmoM meM paraspara bheda nahIM hai| jo astitva kA guNI deza hai usa guNI deza ke sAtha abheda vRtti hone se vahI azeSa anya guNoM kA guNI deza hai| jo vastu ke astitva guNa kA saMsarga hai, vahI azeSa dharmoM kA saMsarga hai kyoMki saMsarga kI apekSA bhI paraspara guNoM meM abheda vRtti hai| jo asti zabda asti dharmAtmaka vastu kA vAcaka hai vahI asti zabda zeSa bace vastu ke aneka dharmoM ke astitva kA bhI vAcaka hai, isa prakAra zabda ke dvArA bhI sampUrNa dharmoM kI eka vastu meM abheda vRtti arthAt isa prakAra kAla, AtmarUpa, artha, sambandha, upakAra, guNideza, saMsarga, zabda inake dvArA ananta guNoM meM abheda vRtti hai kyoMki, dravyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA se, aura paryAyArthika naya kI gauNatA se ananta guNoM kA paraspara kAla Adi kI apekSA abheda hai sabhI guNa, paryAyoM kA dravya kSetra kAla bhAva eka hI hai| tathA dravyArthika naya kI gauNatA aura paryAyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA se kathana karane para paraspara meM ananta guNoM ke kAlAdika ke sAtha ATha prakAra kI abhedavRtti saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki, pratyeka kSaNa meM guNa bhinna-bhinna rUpa se pariNata hote haiM ataH bhinna-bhinna dharmoM kA kAla bhinna-bhinna hai| paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA eka samaya meM eka vastu meM aneka guNoM (svabhAvoM) kA rahanA saMbhava nahIM hai yadi eka samaya meM eka vastu meM aneka guNoM kA rahanA saMbhava hogA to una guNoM kI AzrayabhUta vastu kA utane prakAra se bheda ho jAne kA prasaMga AegA arthAt jitane guNa haiM, utane guNoM kI AzrayabhUta vastu bhI utanI saMkhyA vAlI ho jAegI isalie paryAyArthika naya se aneka guNoM ke sAtha kAla kI apekSA abheda vRtti nahIM hai arthAt bheda vRtti hai tathA unakA kArya bhI bhinna-bhinna hai jaise jJAna guNa kA kArya jAnanA hai aura darzana kA dekhnaa| ___ paryAya dRSTi se una guNoM kA AtmasvarUpa bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| yadi aneka guNoM kA AtmasvarUpa sarvathA abhinna mAnA jAyegA to guNoM meM bheda hone kA virodha hogA arthAt eka vastu meM eka svabhAva vAle aneka guNa nahIM raha sakate ata: AtmasvarUpa kI apekSA bhI guNoM meM sarvathA abhedavRtti siddha nahIM hotii|
Page #272
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 259 pratiguNaM bhedAt tadabhede bhinnArthaguNAnAmapi guNidezAbhedaprasaMgAt / saMsargasya ca pratisaMsargibhedAt tadabhede saMsargibhedavirodhAt / zabdasya ca prativiSayaM nAnAtvAt sarvaguNAnAmekazabdavAcyatAyAM sarvArthAnAmekazabdavAcyatApatteH zabdAMtaravaiphalyAt / tattvatostitvAdInAmekatra vastunyevamabhedavRtterasaMbhave kAlAdibhirbhinnAtmanAmabhedopacAraH kriyate / tadevAbhyAmabhedavRttyabhedopacArAbhyAmekena zabdenaikasya jIvAdivastuno'naMtadharmAtmakasyopAttasya syAtkAro dyotakaH smvtisstthte|| paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA nAnA dharmoM kA AzrayabhUta dravya nAmaka artha bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| anyathA (bhinna-bhinna AdhAra ke abhAva meM) eka dravya ke nAnA guNoM ko Azraya dene kA virodha hai arthAt artha ke bhinna-bhinna hone se una dharmoM meM artha kI apekSA bhI abheda vRtti nahIM hai arthAt bhedavRtti hai| ____ nAnA guNa rUpa sambandhiyoM ke bheda se sambandha kA bhI paryAyArthika naya se bheda dekhA jAtA hai kyoMki aneka sambandhiyoM ke dvArA eka vastu meM eka sambandha ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| (jaise somadatta ke pitA kA sambandha bhAI ke sAtha ghaTita nahIM hotA hai) ata: paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA aneka dharmoM meM sambandha kA abheda bhI nahIM hai| ___una dharmoM ke dvArA kiyA gayA upakAra bhI pRthak-pRthak pratyeka vastu meM niyata hokara aneka svarUpa hai| jaise jJAna kA upakAra vastu ko sAkAra jAnanA hai aura darzana kA upakAra vastu kA nirAkAra avalokana hai isalie eka upakAra kI apekSA se hone vAlI aneka guNoM meM abheda vRtti ghaTita nahIM ho sktii| pratyeka guNa kI apekSA guNI kA deza bhI bhinna-bhinna hai yadi guNoM ke bheda se guNa vAle deza kA bheda nahIM mAnA jAyegA to sarvathA bhinna dUsare padArthoM ke guNoM kA bhI guNI deza abhinna ho jAyegA aura saMsarga kA to prati saMsarga ke bheda se (bheda hone para bhI) una saMsarga kA abheda mAnA jAyegA to saMsargiyoM ke bheda hone kA virodha hai ataH saMsarga se bhI abheda vRtti nahIM ho sktii| pratyeka viSaya kI apekSA vAcaka zabda ke bhI nAnApanA hai| yadi sarva guNoM ko eka zabda dvArA hI vAcya mAnA jAyegA taba to sampUrNa arthoM ko bhI eka zabda dvArA nirUpaNa karane kA prasaMga AyegA ata: aisI dazA meM bhinna-bhinna padArthoM ke lie pRthak-pRthak zabdoM kA bolanA vyartha hogaa| ___ ataH zabda ke dvArA abheda vRtti nahIM hai vastutaH astitva, nAstitva Adi dharmoM kA eka vastu meM abhedaM vRtti kA honA asaMbhava hai parantu kAla, AtmarUpatA Adi ke dvArA bhinna-bhinna rUpa dharmoM kA abheda rUpa se upacAra kiyA jAtA hai arthAt paryAyArthika naya se nAnA paryAyoM meM bheda hai kyoMki eka paryAya dUsarI paryAya svarUpa nahIM hai, phira bhI eka vastu yA dravya kI ananta paryAyoM meM abheda kA vyavahAra kara liyA jAtA hai ata: ina abheda vRtti yA abheda upacAra se eka zabda ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye ananta dharmAtmaka eka jIva Adi vastu kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| una aneka dharmoM kA dyotaka syAtkAra nipAta vyavasthita hai arthAt vikalAdeza ke dvArA krama se aneka dharmoM kA kathana karane para yA sakalAdeza ke dvArA ananta dharmoM kA yugapat kathana karane para anekAnta kA dyotaka syAt pada kA prayoga avazya karanA pdd'egaa|
Page #273
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 260 syAcchabdAdapyanekAMtasAmAnyasyAvabodhane / zabdAMtaraprayogotra vizeSapratipattaye // 55 // syAditi nipAto'yamanekAMtavidhivicArAdiSu bahuSvartheSu vartate, tatraikArthavivakSA ca syAdanekAMtArthasya vAcako gRhyate ityeke / teSAM zabdAMtaraprayogo'narthaka: syAcchabdenaivAnekAMtAtmano vastunaH pratipAditatvAdityapareM, tepi yadyanekAMtavizeSasya vAcake syAcchabde prayukte zabdAMtaraprayogamanarthakamAcakSate tadA na nivAryate, zabdAMtaratvasya syAcchabdena kRtatvAt / anekAMtasAmAnyasya tu vAcake tasmin prayukte jIvAdizabdAMtaraprayogo nAnarthakastasya tadvizeSapratipattyarthatvAt kasyacitsAmAnyenopAdAne pi vizeSArthinA vizeSo'nuprayoktavyo vRkSazabdAvRkSatvasAmAnyasyopAdAnepi dhavAditadvizeSArthitayA dhavAdizabdavizeSavaditi vacanAt / bhavatu nAma dyotako vAcakazca syAcchabdo'nekAMtasya tu pratipadaM prativAkyaM vA zrUyamANaH samaye loke ca kutastathA pratIyata ityAha; syAd zabda ke dvArA anekAnta sAmAnya kA jJAna ho jAne para bhI yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se dharmoM kI pratipatti (jJAna) karane ke lie asti, nAsti Adi zabdAntaroM kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka hai|||55|| 'syAt' yaha tiGanta pratirUpaka nipAta anekAnta, vidhi (preraNA karanA) vicAra Adi bahuta se arthoM meM rahatA hai| una aneka arthoM meM se eka samaya eka artha kI vivakSA hotI hai ata: syAt zabda aneka arthoM kA vAcaka grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra eka vAdI kahatA hai| koI dUsarA vAdI kahatA hai ki yadi eka 'syAt' zabda ke dvArA aneka dharmAtmaka sampUrNa vastu kA pratipAdana ho jAtA hai to unake siddhAnta meM zabdAntaroM kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai ? ina donoM vAdiyoM kA samAdhAna karate hue jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yadi ve bhI (vAdI) vizeSarUpa se anekAnta ko kahane vAle syAt zabda kA prayoga karane para zabdAntara ke prayoga ko vyartha kahate haiM taba to unakA nivAraNa (nirodha) nahIM ho sktaa| unako kahate hue roka nahIM sakate kyoMki zabdAntaroM se hone yogya prayojana ko syAt zabda ne kara diyA hai (arthAt syAt zabda ke dvArA zabdAntaroM kA kArya ho jAne se zabdAntaroM kA kathana karanA vyartha hai ) parantu sAmAnya rUpa se anekAnta vAcaka syAt zabda kA prayoga karane para zabdAntara (asti nAsti Adi) kA prayoga karanA vyartha nahIM hai kyoMki una zabdAntaroM kA prayoga syAt zabda kI vizeSatA ko jAnane ke lie hai| kisI bhI vastu kA sAmAnya rUpa se kathana karane para usake vizeSa ko jAnane ke icchuka puruSa ke dvArA usa vastu ke vizeSa kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai, arthAt vizeSArthI ko vizeSa kA prayoga karanA hI caahie| jaise vRkSa zabda se vRkSatva sAmAnya kA grahaNa ho jAne para bhI usa vRkSa ke vizeSa dhava, khadira Adi ke abhilASI puruSa ke dvArA dhava Adi vizeSa zabdoM kA prayoga nA Avazyaka hotA hai| usI prakAra prakaraNa meM syAt pada ke sAtha vizeSa padoM kA uccAraNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| jaise syAt asti, syAt nAsti ityaadi| yaha 'syAt' zabda anekAnta kA dyotaka evaM vAcaka ho sakatA hai (isameM koI Apatti nahIM hai) parantu pratyeka pada aura vAkya syAtpada se yukta loka meM aura zAstra meM sunAI nahIM de rahA hai? ataH syAt zabda kI pratIti kaise ho sakatI hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM:
Page #274
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 261 soprayuktopi vA tajjaiH srvtraarthaatprtiiyte| yathaivakAro yogAdivyavacchedaprayojanaH // 56 // yathA caitro dhanurdharaH pArtho dhanurdharaH nIlaM sarojaM bhavatItyatrAyogasyAnyayogasyAtyaMtayogasya ca vyavacchedAyAprayuktopyevakAraH prakaraNavizeSasAmarthyAttadvidbhiravagamyate, tasyAnyatra vizeSaNena kriyayA ca saha prayuktasya tatphalatvena pratipannatvAt / tathA sarvatra syAtkAropi sarvasyAne kAMtAtmakatvavyavasthApanasAmarthyAdekAMtavyavacchedAya kiM na pratIyate / na hi kazcitpadArtho vAkyArtho vA sarvathaikAMtAtmakosti pratItivirodhAt / kathaMcidekAMtAtmakastu sunayApekSonekAMtAtmaka eva tato yuktaH pramANavAkye nayavAkye ca saptavikalpe syAtkArastadarthaM zabdAMtaraM vA zrUyamANaM gamyamAnaM vAvadhAraNavat / kiM punaH pramANavAkyaM kiM vA laukika vyavahAra meM yA zAstra meM pratyeka pada vA vAkya meM syAt zabda kA prayoga nahIM hone para bhI zAstroM ko jAnane vAle puruSoM ke dvArA sarvatra artha se syAt pada kI pratIti kara lI jAtI hai| usI prakAra ayoga, anya yoga aura atyanta yoga kA vyavaccheda karanA jisakA prayojana hai aise evakAra kA prayoga binA kiye hI samajha liyA jAtA hai||56|| jaise 'caitra dhanurdhara hai' isa vAkya meM caitra dhanuSa ko hI dhAraNa karatA hai, dhanuSadhArI hI hai| isa prakAra dhanuSa ke ayoga kA vyavaccheda karane vAlA evakAra vizeSa prakaraNa ke sAmarthya se jAna liyA jAtA hai| tathA 'pArtho dhanurdharaH' arjuna dhanuSa kA dhArI hai, isa vAkya meM eva nahIM lagAyA hai phira bhI anya yoga (anya vyaktiyoM meM dhanuSa dhArI pane) kA vyavaccheda karane vAlA evakAra prakaraNa ke anusAra grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai ki aneka yoddhAoM ke madhya meM arjuna hI dhanuSadhArI hai| isa prakAra vizeSya yA uddezya ke sAtha lage hue evakAra se anyayoga kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai| - "nIla saroja hotA hai" isa vAkya meM nIlakamala hotA hI hai| isa prakAra kamala meM nIlatva ke atyanta ayoga ko vyavaccheda karane vAlA evakAra prakaraNa se jAna liyA jAtA hai| "nIlaM saroja bhavatyeva" isa vAkya meM kriyA ke sAtha 'eva' lagAne se nIlakamala ke sarvathA na hone kI vyAvRtti kI gayI hai| isa prakAra ayoga, anyayoga aura atyantAyoga ke vyavaccheda ke lie aprayukta bhI evakAra prakaraNa vizeSa ke sAmarthya se vidvAnoM ke dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai kyoMki anya sthaloM para vizeSaNa, vizeSya tathA kriyA ke yukta kiye gae usa evakAra kA una ayoga vyavaccheda, anyayoga vyavaccheda aura atyantAyoga vyavaccheda rUpa phalatva ke dvArA pratipanna (vyApta) hone se jJAta hai (jAnA jA cukA hai)| isI prakAra sabhI vAkyoM meM aprayukta bhI syAtkAra zabda sabhI padArthoM kI anekAntAtmaka vyavasthA ke sAmarthya se ekAnta kA vyavaccheda karane ke lie kyoM nahIM pratIta hotA hai arthAt evakAra ke samAna syAtkAra pada bhI binA uccAraNa kiye bhI pratIta hotA hai kyoMki kisI padArtha kA yA vAkya kA artha sarvathA ekAnta svarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki sarvathA ekAnta mAnanA pratIti viruddha hai| sunayoM kI apekSA se arpita kiyA gayA kathaJcit ekAnta svarUpa padArtha vA vAkyArtha anekAnta svarUpa hI hai arthAt sunaya anya dharmoM kI apekSA rakhate haiM isalie asti, nAsti Adi sAta bheda vAle pramANa bodha vAkya aura naya vAkya meM syAt' isa zabda kA prayoga karanA upayukta hai isalie avadhAraNA karane vAle evakAra ke samAna syAtpada ko bhI sAtha
Page #275
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 262 nayavAkyaM ? sakalAdezaH pramANavAkyaM vikalAdezo nayavAkyamityuktaM / kaH punaH sakalAdeza: ko vA vikalAdezaH ? anekAtmakasya vastunaH pratipAdanaM sakalAdezaH, ekadharmAtmakavastukathanaM vikalAdeza ityeke, teSAM saptavidhapramANanayavAkyavirodhaH / sattvAsattvAvaktavyavacanAnAM saikaikadharmAtmajIvAdivastupratipAdanapramANAnAM sarvadA vikalAdezatvena yathAvAkyatAnuSaMgAt kramArpitobhayasadavaktavyAsadavaktavyobhayAvaktavyavacanAnAM vAnekadharmAtmakavastuprakAzinAM sadA sakalAdezatvena pramANavAkyatApatteH / na ca trINyeva nayavAkyAni catvAryeva pramANavAkyAnIti yuktaM siddhAntavirodhAt / dharmimAtravacanaM sakalAdezaH dharmamAtrakathanaM tu vikalAdeza ityapyasAraM, sattvAdyanyatamenApi dharmeNAvizeSitasya dharmiNo vcnaasNbhvaat| dharmamAtrasya kvaciddharmiNyavartamAnasya vaktumazakte: pratyeka pada aura vAkya ke sAtha jor3a lenA caahie| athavA vastu kI siddhi ke lie arthApatti ke dvArA gamyamAna aura zAstroM ke dvArA zrUyamANa zabdAntara (syAt pada kA) prayoga nahIM bhI kiyA ho to bhI pratyeka pada meM lagAnA caahie| zaMkA : pramANa vAkya kyA hai? aura naya vAkya kyA hai ? samAdhAna : sakalAdeza to pramANa vAkya hai aura vikalAdeza naya vAkya hai| zaMkA : sakalAdeza kyA hai ? aura vikalAdeza kyA hai ? samAdhAna : aneka dharmoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha vAlI vastu kA kathana karanA, pratipAdana karanA sakalAdeza hai aura aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke eka dharma kA (eka dharmAtmaka vastu kA) kathana karanA vikalAdeza haiN| aisA koI kahate haiN| isa sambandha meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki unake yahA~ sAta prakAra ke pramANa vAkya aura sAta prakAra ke naya vAkya bolane kA virodha AyegA kyoMki eka-eka dharma svarUpa jIvAdi vastu ke pratipAdana karane meM tatpara sattva, asattva, avaktavya vacanoM ke sarvadA vikalAdezI hone ke kAraNa naya ke vAkyapane kA prasaMga AyegA tathA kramArpita ubhaya, astyavaktavya, nAstyavaktavya aura asti nAstyavaktavya ye cAra vAkya sadA aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke prakAzaka haiM ataH sakalAdeza hone ke kAraNa inake pramANa vAkyatA kA prasaMga AyegA parantu asti, nAsti aura avaktavya ye tIna naya vAkya haiM aura asti nAsti, astyavaktavya, nAstyavaktavya, asti nAstyavaktavya ye cAra pramANa vAkya haiM, yaha niyama karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki aisA kahane para siddhAnta se virodha AtA hai arthAt-jaina siddhAntAnusAra sAtoM hI naya vAkya haiM aura sAtoM hI pramANa vAkya haiM ata: sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza kA pUrvokta lakSaNa lakSaNAbhAsa hai| kevala dharmI kA kathana karane vAlA vAkya sakalAdeza hai aura kevala dharma kA kathana karanA vikalAdeza hai| isa prakAra kahanA bhI asAra (sAra rahita) hai kyoMki sattva, asattva Adi aneka dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharma ke vizeSaNa ke binA dharmI kA kathana karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| sampUrNa dharmoM se rahita zuddha dharmI kA kathana karanA zakya nahIM hai| kisI na kisI dharma se yukta hI dharmI kA kathana hotA hai| isI prakAra kisI bhI dharma se rahita (sarva dharmoM se rahita) kisI bhI dharmI meM nahI rahane vAle dharma mAtra kA kathana karanA bhI zakya nahIM hai|
Page #276
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 263 / syAjIva eva syAdastyeveti dharmimAtrasya ca dharmamAtrasya vacanaM saMbhavatyeveti cet na, jIvazabdena jIvatvadharmAtmakasya jIvavastunaH kathanAdastizabdena cAstitvasya kvacidvizeSye vizeSaNatayA pratIyamAnasyAbhidhAnAt / dravyazabdasya bhAvazabdasya caivaM vibhAgAbhAva iti cenna, tadvibhAgasya nAmAdisUtre prarUpitatvAt / yepi hi pAcako'yaM pAcakatvamasyeti dravyabhAvavidhAyinoH zabdayorvibhAgamAhusteSAmapi na pAcakatvadharmAdivizeSa: pAcakazabdAbhidheyortha: saMbhavati, nApi pAcakAnAzrita: pAcakatvadharma ityalaM vivAdena / sadAdivAkyaM saptavidhamapi pratyekaM vikalAdezaH samuditaM sakalAdeza ityanye, tepi na yuktyAgamakuzalAstathA yuktyAgamayorabhAvAt / sakalApratipAdakatvAt pratyekaM sadAdivAkyaM vikalAdeza iti na samIcInA yuktistatsamudAyasyApi vikalAdezatvaprasaMgAt / na hi sadAdivAkyasaptakaM samuditaM sakalArthapratipAdakaM "kathaJcit jIva hI hai, isa prakAra kevala jIva dravyarUpa dharmI ko kahane vAlA vacana vidyamAna hai| kathaJcit asti hI hai, isa prakAra kevala astitva dharma mAtra kA kahane vAlA vAkya bhI saMbhava hai ata: kevala dharmI ke pratipAdaka vAkya aura kevala dharma pratipAdaka vAkya kA niSedha kaise kara sakate haiM," aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dharmI vAcaka jIva zabda se jIvatva dharmAtmaka (prANadhAraka jIvatva dharma se yukta) jIva vastu kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| kevala dharma rahita dharmI kA kathana nahIM ho sktaa| dharma vAcaka asti zabda ke dvArA kisI vizeSya meM vizeSaNa rUpa se pratIyamAna (pratIti meM Ane vAle) astitva kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| kevala astitva dharma kA nirUpaNa nahIM ho sktaa| . "isa prakAra kahane para dravya vAcaka zabda aura bhAva vAcaka zabdoM kA vibhAga nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki dravya aura bhAva donoM tadAtmaka haiN|" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dravya aura bhAva zabda ke vibhAga kA "nAma sthApanA dravyabhAvatastannyAsaH" isa sUtra ke kathana meM nirUpaNa kara cuke haiN| jo bhI koI vidvAn dravyavAcaka zabda aura bhAva vAcaka zabdoM ke vibhAga ko isa prakAra kahate haiM ki yaha pAcaka hai| vahA~ pAcaka (rasoiyA) zabda vizeSa jIva dravya vAcaka hai aura pAcakatva zabda bhAva vAcaka hai| unake bhI pAMcaka dharmatva se aviziSTa kevala pAcaka artha pAcaka zabda kA vAcya ho hI nahIM sakatA aura pAcaka rUpa AdhAra se rahita akelA pAcakatva dharma bhI koI padArtha nahIM hai ataH adhika vivAda karane se koI prayojana nahIM hai| "astitva, nAstitva Adi dharmoM ko kahane vAle sAtoM bhI vAkya yadi pratyeka pRthak-pRthak kahe jAte haiM taba to vikalAdeza hai aura jaba sAtoM samudita hokara kahe jAte haiM taba sakalAdeza kahe jAte haiN|" aisA koI anya vidvAn kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAle bhI yukti aura Agama meM kuzala nahIM haiM kyoMki isa prakAra kI yukti aura Agama kA abhAva hai| sakala padArtha kA pratipAdaka na hone ke kAraNa pRthak-pRthak astitva Adi ko kahane vAlA vAkya vikalAdeza hai, yaha yukti samIcIna nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra kahane para to sAtoM vAkyoM ke samudAya ko bhI vikalAdezatva kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki astitva Adi sAtoM vAkya samudita hokara bhI sampUrNa vastubhUta artha ke pratipAdaka nahIM haiN| sampUrNa dvAdazAMga zAstroM ko hI vastu ke sampUrNa aMzoM ko usa prakAra pratipAdita karanA prasiddha hai|
Page #277
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 264 sakalazrutasyaiva tathAbhAvaprasiddhaH / etena sakalArthapratipAdakatvAt saptabhaMgIvAkyaM sakalAdeza iti yuktirasamIcInoktA, hetorasiddhatvAt / sadAdivAkyasaptakameva sakalazrutaM nAnyattadvyatiriktasyAbhAvAt ato na hetorasiddhiriti cenna, ekAnekAdisaptabhaMgAtmano vAkyasyAzrutatvaprasaMgAt / sakalazrutArthasya sadAdisaptavikalpAtmakavAkyenaiva prakAzanAt tasya prakAzitaprakAzanatayAnarthakatvAt / tena sattvAdidharmasaptakasyaiva pratipAdanAdekatvAdidharmasaptakasya caikAnekAdisaptavizeSAtmakavAkyena kathanAt tasyAnarthakyAdazrutatvaprasaMga iti cenna, tasya sakalAdezatvAbhAvApatteranaMtadharmAtmakasya vastuno'pratipAdanAt / yadi punarastitvAdidharmasaptakamukhenAzeSAnaMtasaptabhaMgIviSayAnaMtadharmasaptakasvabhAvasya vastunaH kAlAdibhirabhedavRttyAbhedopacAreNa prakAzanAtsadAdisaptavikalpAtmakavAkyasya sakalAdezatvasiddhistadA syAdastyeva jIvAdivastvityasya isa kathana se sAtoM bhaMgoM ke samudAya rUpa vAkya sakalAdeza hai, sampUrNa arthoM kI pratipAdaka hone se yaha yukti bhI samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM hetu kI asiddhi hai arthAt kevala saptabhaMgI vAkya meM hI sampUrNa artha kA pratipAdana nahIM hotA hai| "astitva, nAstitva Adi sAta se bhinna koI vastu aMza zeSa nahIM hai, astitva Adi sAta vAkya hI sakala zruta haiM, isa sapta bhaMgI se bhinna koI pRthak zAstra nahIM hai sapta bhaMgI se bhinna zAstra kA abhAva hai, isalie hetu asiddha nahIM hai" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para to eka, aneka, nitya, anitya, Adi dharmoM ke sapta bhaMgAtmaka vAkyoM ke azrutapane kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki naiyAyikoM ne sampUrNa zAstroM ke artha ko astitva Adi sAta prakAra ke vAkyoM ke dvArA hI prakAzita kiyA hai| usa astitva Adi sAta bhaMgoM ke dvArA prakAzita hue sakala zruta kA punaH nitya, anitya Adi vAkyoM ke dvArA prakAzita karanA vyartha hai| _ "usa astitva Adi sapta bhaMgI ke pratipAdaka vAkya ne to astitva Adi sAta dharmoM kA hI nirUpaNa kiyA hai aura ekatva, anekatva Adi sAta dharmoM kA eka, aneka, Adi vizeSa rUpa sAta vAkyoM ke dvArA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai ataH anarthaka hone se usa ekatva Adi ke azruta kA prasaMga nahIM hai" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra kahane para to sat Adi sapta bhaMga vAkya ke sakalAdezatva ke abhAva kI Apatti ho jAyegI, kyoMki ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA astitva Adi ke dvArA pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai, arthAt kevala astitva, nAstitva Adi kA hI kathana hotA hai zeSa ananta dharmoM kA ekatva, anekatva, nityatva Adi saptabhaMgI ke dvArA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| yadi punaH astitva Adi sAta dharmoM kI mukhyatA se azeSa ananta sapta bhaMgiyoM ke viSayabhUta ananta saMkhyA vAle sapta dharma svabhAvaka vastu kA kAla, Atma svabhAva, artha, sambandha, Adi dvArA abheda vRtti vA abheda upacAra se prarUpaNa hotA hai, ata: astitva, nAstitva Adi sapta vikalpAtmaka vAkya ke sakalapanA siddha hai| aisA kahoga taba to "syAd asti eva jIvAdi vastu" kisI apekSA jIvAdi vastu
Page #278
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 265 sakalAdezatvamastu / vivakSitAstitvamukhena zeSAnaMtadharmAtmano vastunastathAvRttyA kathanAt / syAnnAstyevetyasya ca nAstitvamukhena, syAdavaktavyamevetyasyAvaktavyatvamukhena, syAdubhayamevetyasya ca kra mArpitobhayAtmakatvamukhena, syAdastyavaktavyamevetyasya cAstyavaktavyatvamukhena, syAnnAstyavaktavyamevetyasya ca nAstyavaktavyatvamukhena syAdubhayAvaktavyamevetyasya cobhayAvaktavyatvamukheneti pratyekaM saptAnAmapi vAkyAnAM kuto vikalAdezatvaM ? prathamenaiva vAkyena sakalasya vastunaH kathanAt dvitIyAdInAmaphalatvamiti cet , tadApyekasaptabhaMgyA sakalasya vastunaH pratipAdanAt parAsAM saptabhaMgInAmaphalatvaM kiM na bhavet ? pradhAnabhAvena svaviSayadharmasaptakasvabhAvasyaivArthasyaikayA saptabhaMgyA prakathanAt , svagocaradharmasaptakAMtarANAmaparAbhiH saptabhaMgIbhiH kathanAnna tAsAmaphalatvamiti cet, tarhi prathamena vAkyena svaviSayaikadharmAtmakasya vastunaH pradhAnabhAvena kathanAt hai hI, "isa eka bhaMga ko bhI sakalAdezapanA siddha ho jAyegA, kyoMki vivakSita astitva dharmakI pradhAnatA se zeSa bace hue ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA abheda vRtti yA abhedopacAra se kathana ho jAyegA, tathA 'syAnAsti' isa eka vAkya ke dvArA nAstitva kI pradhAnatA se sampUrNa vastu kA kathana ho jAtA hai ataH 'kathaMcit nAsti' yaha pada bhI sakalAdezI hai| - syAdavaktavyaM' kathaJcit vastu avaktavya hai-isa akele pada ko sakalAdezIpanA hai-kyoMki avaktavya kI mukhyatA se sampUrNa ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA abheda vRtti yA abheda upacAra se kathana ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra kathaJcit asti nAsti rUpa krama se arpita (vivakSita) ubhayAtmaka vastu kI mukhyatA se zeSa ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA kathana ho jAtA hai| 'kathaJcit asti avaktavya hai' isa kathana ke bhI sakalAdezapanA hai-kyoMki asti avaktavya kI mukhyatA se sarva ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA kathana ho jAtA hai| ___kathaJcit 'nAsti avaktavya' isa akele vAkya ke bhI sakalAdezIpanA siddha ho jAtA hai-kyoMki nAsti avaktavya kI mukhyatA se sakala ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana ho jAtA hai| 'kathaJcit asti nAsti avaktavya' isa vAkya ke bhI sakalAdezIpanA hai kyoMki asti nAsti avaktavya kI mukhyatA se zeSa ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra sAtoM hI vAkyoM / ke pRthak-pRthak vikalAdezapanA kyoM nahIM hai? arthAt vikalAdezIpanA bhI hai| prathama kathita 'syAd asti' vAkya ke dvArA sampUrNa vastu kA kathana ho jAne se 'nAsti' Adi vAkyoM kA kathana karanA niSphala ho jAtA hai| "aisA kahane para to eka saptabhaMgI ke dvArA sakala vastu kA pratipAdana ho jAne se zeSa saptabhaMgiyoM kA kathana karanA bhI niSphala kyoM nahIM hogA ? / yadi kaho ki svakIya viSayabhUta sAtoM dharma svarUpa artha kA pradhAna rUpa se eka saptabhaMgI ke dvArA kathana kiyA jAtA hai tathA svakIya viSayabhUta asti Adi sapta dharmoM se pRthakbhUta anya ekatva Adi dharmoM kA dUsarI ekatvAdi saptabhaMgI ke dvArA kathana kiyA jAtA hai ata: una aneka saptabhaMgiyoM kA kathana niSphala nahIM hai arthAt ekatvAdi saptabhaMgiyA~ svakIya niyata dharmoM kA mukhyatA se kathana karatI haiM taba to prathama vAkya (syAd asti) ke dvArA svakIya viSayabhUta eka dharma svarUpa vastu kA pradhAna rUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai aura dUsare (nAsti) Adi vAkyoM
Page #279
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 266 dvitIyAdibhiH svagocaraikaikadharmAtmakasya prakAzanAt kutasteSAmaphalatA ? kathaM punararthasyaikadharmAtmakatvaM pradhAnaM tathA zabdenopAttatvAt zeSAnaMtadharmAtmakatvamapyevaM pradhAnamastviti cenna, tasyaikato vAkyAdazrUyamANatvAt / kathaM tatastasya pratipattiH abhedavRttyAbhedopacAreNa vA gamyamAnatvAt / tarhi zrUyamANasyeva gamyamAnasyApi vAkyArthatvAt pradhAnatvamanyathA zrUyamANasyApyapradhAnatvamiti cenna, * agnirmANavaka ityAdi vAkyaikyArthenAnaikAMtAt / mANavakegnitvAdhyAropo hi tadvAkyArtho bhavati na ca prdhaanmaaropitsyaagnerprdhaantvaat| tatra tadAropopi pradhAnabhUta eva tathA zabdena vivakSitatvAditi cet , kastarhi gauNaH zabdArthostu na kazciditi ke dvArA mukhyatA se nija-nija viSaya ke eka-eka dharma svarUpa vastu kA kathana kiyA gayA hai ataH nAsti avaktavya Adi chaha vAkyoM ke bhI niSphalatA kaise ho sakatI hai? arthAt nAsti Adi chaha bhaMga bhI ekaeka viSaya ko pradhAna rUpa se kahate hI haiN| ___"ananta dharmasvarUpa artha kI eka dharmAtmakatA pradhAna kyoM hai ? kyoMki usa prakAra zabda ke dvArA gRhIta zeSa bace hue ananta dharma bhI pradhAna ho sakate haiN|" jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA pUrNa rUpa se eka vAkya ke dvArA kahakara sunAyA jAnA nahIM ho sakatA arthAt dravya kahane para kevala dravyatva kA nirUpaNa hotA hai| vastutva kahane se vastu kA, tattva kahane se sat (astitva) guNa kA, prameya kahane se prameyatva guNa kA zrotAoM ke dvArA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| prazna : eka dharma ke pratipAdaka zabda ke dvArA sarvAMga vastu kI pratipatti kaise hotI hai ? uttara : abheda vRtti yA abheda upacAra se eka zabda ke dvArA bhI pUrNa vastu jAna lI jAtI hai arthAt zabda ke dvArA to vastu kA eka aMga hI sunA jAtA hai kyoMki eka sAtha vastu ke sampUrNa aMzoM ke kathana karane kI zakti zabdoM meM nahIM hai parantu eka zabda se zrotA svakIya kSayopazama ke anusAra aneka dharmoM ko samajha letA hai| koI kahatA hai ki isa prakAra to zabda ke dvArA sune gaye artha ke samAna vyutpatti ke dvArA gamyamAna artha ke bhI vAkyArthapanA hone se pradhAnatva prApta ho jAyegA, anyathA sune gaye artha ke bhI pradhAnapanA nahIM hogaa| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki "agnirmANavakaH" yaha bAlaka agni hai, ityAdi vAkyoM ke eka-eka artha ke dvArA vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai| caMcala bAlaka meM tejasvitA hone ke kAraNa agnitva kA adhyAropa karanA hI usa vAkya kA artha hotA hai parantu vaha artha pradhAna nahIM hai, kyoMki Aropita agni ko pradhAnapanA prApta nahIM ho sakatA, arthAt zabda ke dvArA sunA gayA artha pradhAna hotA hai aura zeSa jAna liyA gayA artha gauNa hotA hai| aisA nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki bAlaka meM agni zabda kA kathana sunA gayA hone para caMcalatA, uSNatA Adi ke kAraNa Aropita kiyA gayA hai ata: agni zabda Aropita hone se sunA huA hokara bhI gauNa hai| usa bAlaka meM Aropita agni zabda pradhAnabhUta hai kyoMki zabda ke dvArA vivakSita (kathita) hai, to zabda kA gauNa artha kyA hai ? zabda kA gauNa (apradhAna) artha kucha bhI nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki "gauNa aura mukhya ke viSaya meM vivAda hone para mukhya kA hI jJAna hotA hai"
Page #280
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 267 cenna, gauNamukhyayormukhye saMpratyayavacanAt / ghRtamAyurannaM vai prANA iti kAraNe kAryopacAraM, maMcAH krozaMtIti tAtsthAttAcchabdopacAraH / sAhacaryAdyaSTiH puruSa iti, sAmIpyAdRkSA grAma iti ca gauNaM zabdArthaM vyavaharan svayamagauNaH zabdArthaH sarvopIti kathamAtiSTheta ? na cedunmattaH / gauNa eva ca zabdArtha ityapyayuktaM, mukhyAbhAve tadanupapatteH / kalpanAropitamapi hi sakalaM zabdArthamAcakSANairagovyAvRttorthAdartho buddhinirbhAsI gozabdasya mukhyorthastatonyo vAhIkAdirgauNa ityabhyupagaMtavyaM / tathA ca gauNamukhyayorvAkyArthayoH sarvaiH zabdavyavahAravAdibhiriSTatvAnna kasyacittadapahnavo yukto'nyatra vacanAnadhikRtebhyaH / nanu yatra zabdAdaskhalatpratyayaH aisA kahA gayA hai arthAt gauNa aura mukhya donoM hI artha zabda ke dvArA kahe jAte haiN| jaise "ghRta hI Ayu hai"| "anna hI prANa hai|" ina vAkyoM meM kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai arthAt ghRta kA sevana karanA dIrgha Ayu kA kAraNa hai ata: kAraNa meM Ayu rUpa kArya kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai| anna kA sevana prANoM ke sthira rahane kA kAraNa hai ataH anna rUpa kAraNa meM prANarUpa kArya kA upacAra kiyA gayA hai| maMcA (macAna) cillAte haiN| isa vAkya meM tAtstha macAna para baiThe hue mAnava kA macAna meM AropaNa karake kaha diyA jAtA hai ki macAna cillAte haiM arthAt-tAtstha tatrastha hone ke kAraNa tatpanA yaha AdhAra kA Adheya meM Aropa hai| jaise ghI kA ghar3A, ghRta ke saMyoga se ghar3A ghI kA kahA jAtA hai| kisI vastu kA sAhacarya se bhI AropaNa kara liyA jAtA hai, jaise lAThI ke sAhacarya se puruSa ko yaSTi (lAThI) kaha diyA jAtA hai| kahIM samIpa artha meM vastu kA Aropa kara liyA jAtA hai, jaise vRkSa hI grAma hai" arthAt yahA~ grAma ke ati samIpa hone ke kAraNa vRkSoM meM grAmapane kA upacAra kara liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra zabda ke gauNa artha kA svayaM vyavahAra karane vAlA vAdI 'zabda ke artha sabhI pradhAna hI hote haiM,' isa prakAra kI vyavasthA kaise kara sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM kara sakatA, tathA zabda kA artha mukhya aura gauNa donoM prakAra kA hai phira bhI usako mukhya hI mAnanA, gauNa svIkAra nahIM karanA, yaha pAgalapana kI ceSTA hai| "zabda kA artha gauNa hI hai" yaha bauddha kA kathana bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki mukhya ke abhAva meM gauNapanA bana nahIM sakatA arthAt mukhya agni ke hone para bAlaka meM gauNa rUpa se agni kA AropaNa kiyA / jAtA hai| ___ sampUrNa zabdArthoM ko kalpanA Aropita hI kahane vAle bauddhoM ke dvArA 'agovyAvRtta' (gAya se bhinna bhaiMsa Adi se vyAvRtta) go svalakSaNa rUpI jo paramArtha se buddhi meM pratibhAsita ho rahA hai use avazya mAna lenA caahie| kyoMki gau zabda kA mukhya artha to gAya hai| aura usase bhinna bojhA lAdanA, sIdhApana Adi gauNa artha haiM tathA gauNa aura mukhya vAkyArtha meM loka vyavahAra aura zAstrIya artha hone ke kAraNa sabhI vAdiyoM ko vAkya ke gauNa tathA mukhya do artha iSTa ho jAte haiM arthAt zabda ke mukhya aura gauNa donoM artha hote haiM, ata: gauNa aura mukhya artha me kisI bhI artha kA apahnava (lopa) karanA ucita nahIM hai| jo vacana bolane ke adhikArI nahIM haiM (gUMge, pAgala, bAlaka Adi) unako chor3akara sabhI vAdI, prativAdI ko zabda ke mukhya aura gauNa do artha mAnanA caahie|
Page #281
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 268 sa mukhyaH zabdArthaH zrUyamANa iva gamyamAne'pi yatra tvaskhalat pratyayaH sa gauNostu tato na zrUyamANatvaM mukhyatvena vyAptaM gauNatvena vA gamyamAnatvaM yena zabdopAtta eva dharmo mukhyaH syAdaparastu gauNa iti cena, askhalatpratyayatvasyApi mukhyatvena vyAptyabhAvAt prakaraNAdisiddhasyAskhalatpratyayasyApi gauNatvasiddheH pratipatrA bubhutsitaM vastu yadA mukhyorthastadA taM prati prayujyamAnena zabdenopAtto dharmaH pradhAnabhAvamanubhavatIti vizeSAnaMtadharmeSu guNabhAvasiddheH / nanvastu prathamadvitIyavAkyAbhyAmekaikadharmamukhyena zeSAnaMtadharmAtmakasya vastunaH pratipattiH kathaMcidabhihitaprakArAzrayaNAttRtIyAdivAkyaistu kathaM sattvasyaiva vAnaMzazabdasya tebhyo'pratipatteriti cenna, tRtIyAdvAkyAd dvAbhyAmAtmakAbhyAM sattvAsattvAbhyAM sahArpitAbhyAM niSpannasyaikasyAvaktavyatvasyAnaMzazabdasya zaMkA : jisa artha meM zabda se askhalat (saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya rahita) pratyaya (jJAna) hotA hai vaha artha zabda kA mukhya vAcyArtha (zabdArtha) hai, tathA zabda ke dvArA sune gaye artha ke samAna zabda ke dvArA jAne gaye (gamyamAna) artha meM bhI yadi askhalat (samIcIna) pratyaya (jJAna) hotA hai to vaha bhI mukhya artha mAnA jAtA hai, parantu zabda ko sunakara jisa artha meM skhalat (saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya sahita) pratyaya (jJAna) hotA hai vaha zabda kA artha gauNa mAnA jAtA hai, ata: zabda se sunA gayApana mukhyatva ke sAtha vyApti nahIM rakhatA hai, usI prakAra abhedopacAra se vA prakaraNavaza arthApatti se gamyamAna artha bhI gauNa ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha nahIM rakhatA hai, jisase ki zabda kA gRhIta dharma mukhya kahA jAye aura . zeSa dUsare artha gauNa kahe jAyeM ? ___samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki askhalita pratyaya kI bhI mukhyatva ke sAtha vyApti kA abhAva hai, kyoMki prakaraNa, yogyatA, Adi se siddha askhalat pratyaya ke bhI gauNatva kI siddhi hai| samajhane vAle ziSya ke dvArA jijJAsA ko prApta vastu jisa samaya mukhya artha hai usa samaya vaktA ke dvArA ziSya ke prati prayukta zabda ke dvArA kathita dharma pradhAna kA anubhava karatA hai (pradhAna kahalAtA hai) isa prakAra zeSa bace ananta dharmoM meM gauNa artha siddha hai arthAt zabdabodha kI prakriyA meM lakSaNa, upacAra, tAtparya, saMketa grahaNa Adi kA lakSya rakhanA Avazyaka hai| zaMkA : prathama (asti)dvitIya (nAsti) vAkya ke dvArA eka-eka dharma kI mukhyatA se zeSa bace ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kI pratipatti (jJAna) hotI hai to hovo (usameM koI vivAda nahIM hai) parantu kathaJcit zabda ke dvArA abhihita (kathita) prakAra ke Azraya se hone vAle tRtIya (avaktavya) Adi vAkyoM se niraMza zabda ke dvArA vAcya kevala sattva kI apratipatti hone se unakI pratipatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki tIsare avaktavya se sahArpita sattva, asattva dharma se niSpanna eka avaktavya kI aMzarahita zabda ke dvArA pratIti hotI hai, arthAt prathama dvitIya bhaMga ke samAna tRtIya avaktavya dharma bhI akelA niraMza hai, ata: tRtIya aMzarahita avaktavya bhI zabda kA vAcya ho jAtA hai|
Page #282
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 269 prtiite| caturthAttAbhyAmeva kramArpitAbhyAmubhayAtmakatvasya vyaMzasya pratyayAt / paMcamAttribhirAtmabhivya'zasyAstyavaktavyatvasya nirjJAnAt / SaSThAcca tribhirAtmabhivya'zasya nAstyavaktavyatvasyAvagamAt / saptamAccaturbhirAtmabhistryaMzasyAstinAstyavaktavyatvasyAvabodhAt / na ca dharmasya sAMzatvenaikasvabhAvatve vA dharmitvaprasaMgaH dvitvAdisaMkhyAyAstathAbhAvepi dharmatvadarzanAt / niraMzaikasvabhAvA dvitvAdisaMkhyeti cenna, dve dravye iti sAMzAnekasvabhAvatA pratItivirodhAt / saMkhyeyayordravyayoranekatvAttatra tathA pratItiriti cet, kathamanyatrAnekatve tatra tathAbhAvapratyayotiprasaMgAt / samavAyAditi cet, sa konyonyatra caturtha vAkya sa krama se arpita asti nAsti ke dvArA ubhayAtmaka (asti nAsti rUpa do dharma vAlI) do aMza vAlI vastu kA jJAna hotA hai| pA~caveM saptabhaMgI vAkya se tIna dharmAtmaka ke dvArA do aMza vAle eka asti avaktavya kA jJAna hotA chaThe bhaMga ke dvArA tIna dharmasvarUpa se nAsti avaktavya ina aMzoM kA jJAna hotA hai| saptama vAkya se cAra dharmoM ke dvArA tIna aMza vAle asti nAsti avaktavya kA jJAna hotA hai arthAt niraMza zabda se niraMza kA aura sAMza zabda se vastu ke sAMza kA jJAna hotA hai sapta bhaMgoM meM prathama tIna dharma to niraMza haiM aura aMta ke cAra bhaMga sAMza hote haiN| "sAMzatva aura aneka svabhAvatva svIkAra karane para dharma (caturtha Adi bhaMga) ke dharmitva kA prasaMga AyegA" aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki do, tIna Adi saMkhyA ko usa prakAra aMza sahita aura aneka svabhAva vAlI hote hue bhI dharmatva dekhA jAtA hai| "do tIna Adi saMkhyA niraMza eka svabhAva vAlI haiN| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki do dravya haiN| isa prakAra dvitva saMkhyA meM aMza sahitapanA aura aneka svabhAva sahitapanA kI pratIti hotI hai, isameM virodha hai| ___. yadi kaho ki saMkhyA karane yogya do dravyoM ko anekapanA hone ke kAraNa una saMkhyAoM meM bhI usa saMkhyA meM usa prakAra ke anekapana kI upacAra se pratIti hotI hai, to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki anya dravyoM meM anekatva hone para bhI unameM atiprasaMga hone se tathAbhAva pratyaya (isa prakAra anekatva kA jJAna) kaise ho sakegA ? yadi samavAya sambandha se anekatva kI pratIti mAnI jAyegI, to vaha samavAya kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha ke atirikta dUsarA kyA ho sakatA hai? tathA jaba saMkhyA aura saMkhyeya meM tAdAtmya sambandha hai taba
Page #283
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 270 kathaMcittAdAtmyAditi / saMkhyeyavatkathaMcittadabhinnAyAH saMkhyAyAH sAMzatvAdanekasvabhAvatvasiddheH / evaM svabhAvasyAnekatvepi tadvatodravyasya kathaMcittadabhinnasyaikatvAnekAMzatvamavaktavyatvasya siddhamaMzasya cAnekatvepyekadharmatvamastyavaktavyatvAderaviruddhaM, tathA zrutajJAnevabhAsamAnatvAt tadbAdhakAbhAvAcca / ta etestitvAdayo dharmA jIvAdivastuni sarvasAmAnyena tadabhAvena ca, viziSTasAmAnyena tadabhAvena, viziSTasAmAnyena tadabhAvasAmAnyena ca, viziSTasAmAnyena ca dravyasAmAnyena guNasAmAnyena ca dharmasamudAyena tadvyatirekeNa ca dharmasAmAnyasaMbaMdhena tadabhAvena ca dharmavizeSasaMbaMdhena tadabhAvena ca nirUpyaMte / tatrArthaprakaraNasaMbhavaliMgaucityadezakAlAbhiprAyagamyaH zabdasyArtha ityarthAdyanAzrayaNebhiprAyamAtravazavartinA sarvasAmAnyena ca vastutvena jIvAdirastyeva tadabhAvena cAvastutvena nAstyeveti nirUpyate / tathA zrutyupAttena viziSTasAmAnyena saMkhyeya (saMkhyAvAle) ke samAna kathaJcit saMkhyeya se abhinna saMkhyA ke sAMzatva aura aneka svabhAvatva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, isa prakAra svabhAva ke anekapanA hote hue bhI usa svabhAva vAle aura kathaMcit usa svabhAva se abhinna dravya ko ekatva hone ke kAraNa avaktavya dharma ke eka aMzapanA siddha hai, aura aMza ke anekapanA hone se astyavaktavya, nAstyavaktavya Adi dharmoM ke eka dharmapanA siddha hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| isa prakAra dvAdazAMga zrutajJAna meM pratibhAsita hote haiM aura isa saptabhaMgI kI siddhi meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| ye jo astitva Adi dharma haiM ve jIvAdi vastu meM sabake sAmAnya rUpa se aura sAmAnya ke abhAva rUpa se kahe jAte haiN| viziSTa sAmAnya se aura usake abhAva se kahe jAte haiM- arthAt sAmAnya astitva chahoM dravyoM meM hai parantu jIvadravya meM apanA astitva hai, para ajIvAdi rUpase usa sAmAnya kA abhAva hai- jIva meM avasthita hai| viziSTa sAmAnya aura viziSTa sAmAnya kA abhAva sAmAnya se kahA jAtA hai| tathA viziSTa sAmAnya aura vizeSaNa ke dvArA do bhaMga banAye jAte haiN| sAmAnya kA sAmAnya aura viziSTa sAmAnya ke dvArA do bhaMga ho jAte haiN| dravya sAmAnya aura guNa sAmAnya ke sAtha do bhaMga hote haiN| dharma kA samudAya aura usase bhinna kathana karane se do bhaMga hote haiN| dharma sAmAnya kA sambandha aura usake abhAva ke dvArA do bhaMga hote haiN| dharma kA vizeSa sambandha aura usakA abhAva rUpa kathana karane se do bhaMga hote haiN| isa prakAra do-do bhaMgoM ke sAtha aneka prakAra ke sapta bhaMga kahe jA sakate haiN| upari kathita nava yugaloM kA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai-artha (prayojana), prakaraNa, saMbhava, liMga, (hetu) aucitya, deza, kAla aura abhiprAyoM ke dvArA gamya (jAnane yogya) zabda kA vAcyArtha hotA hai| isa prakAra artha (prayojana) Adi ke Azraya ke binA bhI abhiprAya mAtra ke vaza hokara sarva sAmAnya (sarva vastu meM pAyA jAne vAlA) vastu kI apekSA jIvAdi asti svarUpa hI haiM, tathA usa sarva sAdhAraNa ke abhAvarUpa tuccha avastu kI apekSA jIvAdika padArtha nahIM hai, aisA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, arthAt vastu sattA, Adi vyApaka sAmAnya hai aura usake vizeSa hokara vyApya sAmAnya jIvatva pudgalatva Adi hai| aneka mAnava-tiryaMcoM meM sAdhAraNa rUpa se jIvatva rahatA hai ataH jIvatva vizeSa rUpa hotA huA bhI sAmAnya hai|
Page #284
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 271 jIvAditvenAsti tatpratiyoginA tadabhAvenAjIvAditvena nAstIti ca bhNgdvyN| tenaiva viziSTasAmAnyenAsti tadabhAvasAmAnyena vastvaMtarAtmanA sarveNa sAmAnyena nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, tenaiva viziSTasAmAnyenAsti tadvizeSaNamukhyatvena nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, sAmAnyenAvizeSitena dravyatvenAsti viziSTasAmAnyena pratiyoginaivAjIvAditvena nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, dravyasAmAnyenAvizeSitenaivAsti guNasAmAnyena guNatvena sa eva nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, dharmasamudAyena trikAlagocarAnaMtazaktijJAnAdisamitirUpeNAsti tadvyatirekeNopalabhyamAnena tathA zabda ke dvArA kathita aura zruti (kAna) ke dvArA gRhIta viziSTa sAmAnya jIva Adi kI apekSA jIvAdika padArtha asti svarUpa haiM, aura usa jIva ke pratiyogI viziSTa sAmAnya ke abhAva svarUpa ajIva Adika apekSA se jIva nAsti svarUpa hai, arthAt vizeSa pratiSThita mAnava ke hone para sAmAnya jIva kA niSedha kara diyA jAtA hai, isa prakAra do bhaMga hote haiN| tathA usI viziSTa sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva hai aura usa viziSTa sAmAnya kA abhAva rUpa hai jo dUsarI sarva vastuoM meM pAyA jAtA hai, aise anya sarva padArthoM meM rahane vAle sAmAnya astitva kI apekSA jIva nAsti hai| isa prakAra do bhaMga hote haiN| viziSTa sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva asti svarUpa hai, aura usake vizeSaNoM meM mukhya rUpa se rahane vAle sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva nAsti svarUpa hai, arthAt jIvatva sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva hai kyoMki anya dravyoM kI apekSA jIva viziSTa hai aura jIvoM kI apekSA sAmAnya hai kyoMki sabhI jIva-jIva haiM tathA tiryaJca, deva Adi vizeSaNa kI apekSA sAmAnya viziSTa vizeSaNa kI mukhyatA se jIva nAsti hai, ye do bhaMga hote haiN| tathA vizeSoM se rahita dravyatva sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva hai aura vizeSoM se sahita pratiyogI svarUpa ajIva Adi kI apekSA jIva nahIM hai, ye do bhaMga nahIM haiN| (nAsti kI apekSA haiM) arthAt jisa samaya vyApaka dravyatva kI vivakSA se jIva asti hai aura vyApya sAmAnya ajIvatva Asravatva Adi kI apekSA jIva nAsti hai| svakIya vizeSa aMzoM se rahita dravya sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva asti svarUpa hai, aura vahI jIva guNa ke sAmAnya guNatva kI apekSA nAsti hai, ye do bhaMga haiM, arthAt paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA bheda vivakSA karane para dravya, guNa aura paryAya bhinna-bhinna haiM, ataH dravya sAmAnya kI apekSA jIva asti hai, guNa vizeSa kI apekSA nAsti hai| trikAlavartI ananta jJAnAdi zakti ke samUha rUpa dharma samudAya kI apekSA jIva asti svarUpa hai usase vyatireka (vartamAnakAlIna eka do guNa vA paryAya) rUpa se upalabhamAna rUpa se jIva nAsti hai, ye do bhaMga utpanna hote haiM arthAt koI jIva meM jJAna guNa nahIM mAnate haiM koI ananta zakti nahIM, unakI apekSA kathana kiyA gayA hai ki jIva ananta guNoM kA piNDa svarUpa se asti svarUpa hai| eka Adi guNa yA AtmA se bhinna guNa kI apekSA jIva nAsti svarUpa hai|
Page #285
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 272 rUpeNa nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, dharmasAmAnyasaMbaMdhena yasya kasyaciddharmasyAzrayatvenAsti tadabhAvena kasyacidapi dharmasyAnAzrayatvena nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayaM, dharmavizeSasaMbaMdhena nityatvacetanatvAdyanyatamadharmasaMbaMdhitvenAsti tadabhAvena tadasaMbaMdhitvena nAstIti ca bhaMgadvayamityanekadhA vidhipratiSedhakalpanayA sarvatra mUlabhaMgadvayaM nirUpaNIya athAsti jIva ityastizabdavAcyAdarthAdbhinnasvabhAvo jIvazabdavAcyorthaH syAdabhinnasvabhAvo vA ? yadyabhinnasvabhAvastadA tayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyavizeSatvAbhAvo ghaTakuTazabdavat tadanyatarAprayogazca, tadvadeva viparyayaprasaMgo vA / sarvadravyaparyAyaviSayAstizabdavAcyAdabhinnasya ca jIvasya sarvadravyaparyAyAtmakatvaprasaMga: ___ dharmoM ke sAmAnya sambandha se jisa kisI bhI dharma ke Azraya se jIva asti svarUpa hai tathA dharma sAmAnya ke abhAva kI apekSA aura jisa kisI dharma ke Azraya se rahita kI apekSA jIva nAsti svarUpa hai, isa prakAra ye do bhaMga hote haiM arthAt sAmAnyataH sampUrNa dharmoM ke sAtha jIva kA tAdAtmya sambandha hai ata: kathaJcit ananta dharmoM kA jIva ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha hone se jIva ananta dharmoM ke Azraya svarUpa hai (asti) kintu tAdAtmya sambandha se rahita dharma (guNa) kA Azraya jIva nahIM hai| kisI dharma vizeSa sambandha ke dvArA nityatva, cetanatva, amUrttatva, kartRtva, Adi dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharma ke sambandha se jIva astisvarUpa hai aura dharma sambandha ke abhAva meM nityatva Adi kA sambandha na hone se jIva nAsti svarUpa hai arthAt nityatvAdi dharma kI apekSA jIva asti rUpa hai aura anityatva Adi dharma kI apekSA jIva nAsti svarUpa hai, ye do bhaMga hote haiN| isa prakAra aneka prakAra se vidhi aura niSedhoM kI kalpanA karake sampUrNa padArthoM se sAta bhaMgoM ke mUlabhUta do bhaMgoM kA kathana kara lenA caahie| "jIva asti hai" isa prathama vAkya meM astitva kA artha sattA hai| isa asti zabda vAcya artha se jIva zabda vAcya artha abhinna svabhAva hai ki bhinna svabhAva hai ? yadi asti zabda vAcya artha jIva se abhinna svabhAva hai to una jIva aura asti meM vizeSatA ke sAtha hone vAle samAna adhikaraNa vizeSatva kA abhAva ho jaayegaa| jaise ghaTa aura kuTa zabda meM sarvathA abheda hone ke kAraNa samAnAdhikaraNatA nahIM hai, kathaJcit bhinna padArthoM meM samAnAdhikaraNatA hotI hai| ___ yadi jIva aura asti donoM abhinna haiM to do padoM meM se eka hI kA prayoga nahIM karanA cahie arthAt jaise paryAyavAcI ghaTa yA kalaza zabdoM meM eka kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| athavA usI ke samAna viparyaya ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai, arthAt jaise ghaTa ke badale meM kuTa zabda kA prayoga kara sakate haiM aura kuTa ke badale meM ghaTa kA, usI prakAra 'jIva' ko kahane ke lie asti kA aura asti' ko kahane ke lie jIva kA prayoga karane kA prasaMga aayegaa| jIva ko kahane ke liye saMbhAvya sattAvAcaka asti zabda kaha diyA jaayegaa| aura sattA ko kahane ke liye jIva zabda kA prayoga kiyA jaayegaa| yadi sampUrNa paryAya aura dravyoM kA viSaya karane vAle asti zabda ke vAcya sattA se jIva ko abhinna svIkAra kiyA jAyegA to jIva kA sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| (yaha
Page #286
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 273 sarvadravyaparyAyANAM vA jIvatvamiti saMkaravyatikarau syAtAM / yadi punarastivAcyAdarthAdbhinna eva jIvazabdavAcyorthaH kalpyate tadA jIvasyAsadpatvaprasaMgostizabdavAcyAdarthAdbhinnatvAt kharazRMgavat viparyayaprasaMgAt / jIvavatsakalArthebhyobhinnasyAstitvasyAbhAvaprasaktiranAzrayatvAt / tasya jIvAdiSu samavAyAdadoSo'yamiticenna, samavAyasya sattvAdbhinnasyAsadpatvAt sa tadvato: sambandhatvavirodhAt / na ca samavAye sattvasya samavAyAntaramupapannaM anavasthAnuSaMgAt svayaM tthaanisstteshc| tatra tasya vizeSaNAbhAvAdadoSa iti cet sopi vizeSaNAbhAvaH saMbaMdho yadi sattvAdbhinnastadA na sadrUpa iti kharaviSANavatkathaM saMbaMdhaH ? saMkara doSa hai)| isa prakAra sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ko jIvapanA prApta hogaa| vaha vyatikara doSa hai| arthAt isa prakAra sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ke yugapat tadAtmaka prApti svarUpa saMkara doSa aura paraspara meM viSaya ke parivartana rUpa vyatikara doSa aayegaa| yadi asti ke vAcya artha se jIva zabda kA vAcya artha bhinna hI kalpita kiyA jAyegA to asti zabda ke vAcya artha sadrUpa se bhinna hone ke kAraNa jIva ko gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna asat svarUpa ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt jo asti zabda kA viSaya nahIM hai, asti se sarvathA bhinna hai, vaha asat svarUpa hai| tathA viparItatA kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt sattA vAle kitane hI cetana padArtha jIva rUpa nahIM ho skeNge| ___ jIva ke samAna sampUrNa padArthoM se astitva ko yadi bhinna mAnA jAyegA to astitva ke bhI abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki astitva guNa Azraya ke binA raha nahIM sktaa| 'astitva kA jIva AdikoM meM samavAya sambandha ho jAne se koI doSa (anAzraya kA doSa) nahIM A sakatA arthAt samavAya sambandha se astitva kA padArthoM meM sambandha ho jAtA hai ata: padArthoM se bhinna bhI astitva sthita rahatA hai| 'anAzraya doSa nahIM AtA hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki sattA, jAti se sarvathA bhinna hone ke kAraNa samavAya sambandha bhI asad rUpa hI hai arthAt sat aura asat kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA tathA sat aura asat ke madhya meM rahane vAle ko samavAya sambandhapane kA virodha bhI hai| samavAya meM astitva kA sambandha dUsare samavAya se mAnanA bhI yukta nahIM hai kyoMki usameM anavasthA doSa AtA hai tathA vaizeSikoM ne sattA kA samavAya meM samavAyAntara se sambandha mAnanA iSTa bhI nahIM kiyA hai| - "usa samavAya meM usa sattA kA vizeSaNatA sambandha hai| isalie anavasthA doSa nahIM hai" isa prakAra vaizeSika ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha vizeSaNatA sambandha bhI yadi sattA se bhinna hai taba to satsvarUpa nahIM ho sktaa| ata: gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna asat rUpa vizeSaNatA kA samavAya ke sAtha sambandha kaise ho sakatA hai| arthAt do meM rahane vAlA sambandha bhAva padArtha meM hI ho sakatA hai ? abhAva rUpa padArtha meM nhiiN|
Page #287
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 274 parasmAdvizeSaNIbhAvAtsattvasya prathamavizeSaNIbhAve yadyasadrUpatvAbhAvastadA saivAnavasthA tatrApi sattvasyabhinnasyAnyavizeSaNIbhAvakalpanAditi na kiNcitsnnaam| sattvAdbhinnasya sarvasya svabhAvasyAsadrUpatvaprasiddheriti / sarvathaikAntavAdinAmupAlambho na syAdvAdinAmasti zabdavAcyAdarthAjjIvazabdavAcyasyArthasya kathaMcid bhinnatvopagamAt / tathaiva vAciMtyapratItisadbhAvAcca paryAyArthAdezAddhi bhavanajIvanayoH paryAyayorastijIvazabdAbhyAM vAcyayoH pratItiviziSTatayA pratIterbhedaH dravyArthAdezAttu tayoravyatirekAdekatarasya grahaNenAnyatarasya grahaNAdabhedaH pratibhAsata iti na virodhaH saMzayo vA tathA nizcayAt / tata eva na saMkaro vyatikaro vA, yena rUpeNa jIvasyAstitvaM tenaiva nAstitvAniSTe: yena ca nAstitvaM tenaivAstitvAnupagamAt tadubhayasyApyubhayAtmakatvAnAsthAnAcca / na caivamekAMtopagame kazciddoSaH sunayArpitasyaikAMtasya samIcInatayA sthitatvAt pramANArpitasyAstitvAne kAMtasya prasiddhaH / dUsare vizeSaNI bhAva sambandha se pUrva vAle vizeSaNI bhAva sambandha meM sattA kA astitva mAna kara asadrUpatA kA abhAva ho jAtA hai, aisA vaizeSika kaheMge taba to vahI anavasthA doSa AyegA kyoMki dUsare vizeSaNIbhAva ko sat banAne ke lie tIsare vizeSaNI bhAva se sattA rakhanI pdd'egii| isa prakAra paramparA kA abhAva na hone se anavasthA doSa aayegaa| isa prakAra koI bhI padArtha sat rUpa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki sattA se bhinna sarva svabhAvoM ko asadrUpatA kI prasiddhi hai| isalie vaizeSika ke dvArA kathita upAlaMbha ekAnta vAdiyoM ke hI ho sakatA hai syAdvAdiyoM ke prati yaha ulAhanA nahIM A sakatA kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM . to asti zabda ke dvArA vAcya sattA rUpa artha se jIva zabda ke dvArA vAcya prANI artha kA kathaJcit bheda svIkAra karate haiM tathA isa prakAra tarka ke agocara bhedAbhedAtmaka guNa, guNI kI pratIti kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA se asti zabda ke dvArA vAcya bhavana (sattA) aura jIva zabda ke dvArA kathita jIvana rUpa paryAyoM kI viziSTatA (vilakSaNatA) pratIti hone ke kAraNa donoM paryAyoM meM pratIti bheda hai arthAt paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA astitva aura jIvatva meM bheda hai parantu dravyArthika naya kI apekSA jIvatva aura astitva meM avyatireka (abheda) hone ke kAraNa donoM meM se kisI eka kA grahaNa karane para dUsare kA grahaNa ho hI jAtA hai ata: paryAya paryAyI meM, guNa guNI meM, astitva aura jIvatva meM abheda pratibhAsa ho rahA hai ataH syAdvAda meM koI virodha nahIM hai| tathA inameM paryAyArthika aura dravyArthika naya kI apekSA guNa guNI meM bhedAbhedAtmaka pratIti kA nizcaya hone se saMzaya bhI nahIM hai| tathA isa anekAnta siddhAnta meM saMkara, vyatikara doSa bhI nahIM hai kyoMki jisa rUpa se jIva kA astipanA siddha hai, usI svabhAva se nAstipanA iSTa nahIM hai, aura jisa svabhAva se vastu kA astipanA hai usa svabhAva se nAstipanA svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai isalie saMkara doSa nahIM hai| tathA bheda aura abheda ina donoM kA ubhayAtmakapanA bhI sarvathA vyavasthita nahIM hai| isalie paraspara me viSaya kA parivartana na hone ke kAraNa inameM vyatikara doSa bhI nahIM hai| tathA anavasthA doSa, vaiyAdhikaraNa doSa, apratipatti doSa, abhAvadoSa to syAdvAda siddhAnta meM A nahIM sakate kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM sarvathA ekAntavAda kA parityAga hai|
Page #288
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 275 / yenAtmanAnekAMtastenAtmanAnekAMta evetyekAMtAnuSaMgopi nAniSTaH pramANasAdhanasyaivAnekAMtatvasiddhaH nayasAdhanasyaikAMtatvavyavasthiteranekAMtopyanekAMta iti pratijJAnAt // taduktaM / "anekAMtopyanekAMta: pramANanayasAdhanaH / anekAMtaH pramANAtte tadekAMtArpitAnayAt' iti / na caivamanavasthAnekAMtasyaikAMtApekSitvenaivAnekAMtatvavyavasthite: ekAMtasyApyanekAMtApekSitayaivaikAMtavyavasthAnAt / na cetthamanyonyAzrayaNaM, svarUpeNAnekAMtasya vastunaH prsiddhtvenaikaaNtaanpeksstvaadekaaNtsyaapynekaaNtaanpeksstvaat| tata eva tayoravinAbhAvasyAnyonyApekSayA prasiddheH kArakajJApakAdivizeSavat / taduktaM / "dharmadharmyavinAbhAvaH siddhyatyanyonyavIkSayA / na svarUpaM svato hyetatkArakajJApakAMgavat // " iti / kiM cArthAbhidhAnapratyAyanAt jisa rUpa se astitva hai usa svarUpa se astitva hI hai, jisa svarUpa se nAstitva hai usa svarUpa se nAstitva hI hai isa ekAntavAda meM bhI koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki sunaya se vivakSita ekAnta kI samIcIna rUpa se sthiti (siddhi) hai aura pramANa se vivakSita astitva ke anekAnta kI prasiddhi hai kyoMki jisa rUpa se anekAnta hai usa rUpa se anekAnta hI hai, isa prakAra ke ekAnta kA prasaMga bhI aniSTa nahIM hai kyoMki pramANa ke dvArA siddha kiye gaye viSaya meM ekAntapanA vivakSita yA vyavasthita hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta meM anekAnta bhI anekAnta (ekAnta nahIM) hai| so hI samantabhadra AcArya ne kahA hai ki jinadeva ! anekAnta bhI pramANa aura naya ke dvArA siddha kiyA gayA tattva aneka dharma svarUpa hai| sarvathA anekAnta nahIM hai kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM pramANa kI apekSA anekAnta vyavasthita hai aura vivakSita naya kI apekSA se ekAnta vyavasthita hai| isa anekAnta ke kathana meM anavasthA doSa nahIM hai kyoMki aneka dharmoM kA samudAya rUpa anekAnta ekAnta kI apekSA rakhatA hai, aura ekAnta anekAnta kI apekSA se vyavasthita hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anusAra isa kathana meM anyo'nyAzraya doSa bhI nahIM hai kyoMki vastu meM naya dRSTi se ekAnta aura pramANa dRSTi se anekAnta apane svabhAva se siddha hai| ___ 'nijasvarUpa se vastu kI prasiddhi ho jAne se anekAnta ke svarUpa-lAbha meM ekAnta kI apekSA nahIM hai-aura na svakIya svarUpa lAbha meM ekAnta ko anekAnta kI apekSA hai parantu vyavahAra meM vastu ke svarUpa kI siddhi meM ekAnta anekAnta ke paraspara meM avinAbhAva kI prasiddhi hai arthAt ekAnta (naya) ke binA anekAnta (pramANa) kI siddhi nahIM hotI aura anekAnta ke binA ekAnta kI siddhi nahIM hotI kyoMki ina donoM meM avinAbhAva siddha hai| jaise kAraka hetu, jJApaka hetu Adi vizeSa padArtha avinAbhAva se yukta haiN| .. arthAt kAraka hetu ke binA jJApaka hetu nahIM raha sktaa| kAraka hetu agnike binA jJApaka hetu dhUma nahIM raha sktaa| so hI samantabhadrAcAya ne devAgama stotra meM kahA hai-dharma aura dharmI kA avinAbhAva paraspara kI apekSA se siddha hotA hai parantu unakA svarUpa lAbha paraspara kI apekSA se siddha nahIM hotA hai| yaha svayaM apane kAraNoM se niSpanna hotA hai jaise kAraka hetuoM ke kartA, karma rUpa aMga yA jJApaka hetuoM ke bodhya, bodhaka aMga paraspara kI apekSA rakhane vAle nahIM haiN|
Page #289
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 276 tulyanAmatvAttadanyatamasyApahnave sakalavyavahAravilopAtteSAM bhrAMtatvaikAMte kasyacidabhrAMtasya tattvasyApratiSThiteravazyaM paramArthasattvamurarIkartavyaM / tathA cArthAbhidhAnapratyayAtmanA syAdastyeva jIvAdistadviparItAtmanA tu sa eva nAstIti bhaMgadvayaM sarvapravAdinAM siddhamanyathA sveSTa tattvAvyavasthiteH / tathA coktaM / "sadeva sarvaM ko necchetsvarUpAdicatuSTayAt / asadeva viparyAsAnna cena vyavatiSThate // " iti kathamavaktavyo jIvAdi:? dvAbhyAM yathoditaprakArAbhyAM pratiyogibhyAM dharmAbhyAmavadhAraNAtmakAbhyAM yugapatpradhAnanayArpitAbhyAmekasya vastuno bhavitsAyAM tAdRzasya zabdasya prakaraNAdezcAsaMbhavAditi kecit / tatra koyaM guNAnAM yugapadbhAvo nAmeti bhAvArtha : ekAnta aura anekAnta kA avinAbhAva se rahanA to paraspara eka dUsare kI apekSA se hai parantu unakI niSpatti svakAraNoM se hotI hai jaise karttApana karmatva kI apekSA se hai, aura karmatva kartA kI apekSA se hai ataH karttApana aura karmatva kA vyavahAra paraspara sApekSa hai, kartA aura karma kA svasvarUpa paraspara sApekSa nahIM hai| aise hI pramANa aura prameya kA svarUpa to svakIya-svakIya kAraNoM se svataH siddha hai parantu unakA jJApya aura jJApaka vyavahAra paraspara kI apekSA se hai isI prakAra asti Adi meM bhI samajhanA caahie| . athavA artha, zabda aura jJAna ye tIna samAna nAma vAle haiM ata: una tInoM meM se yadi eka kA bhI lopa kiyA jAtA hai to sampUrNa laukika aura zAstrIya vyavahAroM kA bhI lopa ho jAtA haiN| yadi ina tInoM ko bhrAnta ekAnta svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to kisI bhI abhrAMta vastubhUta tattva kI pratiSThA nahIM ho sktii| ata: ina tInoM kA vAstavika rUpa se sadbhAva svIkAra karanA caahie| usI prakAra artha, zabda aura jJAna rUpa se jIva Adika kathaJcit asti svarUpa haiM, usa asti se viparIta (nAsti rUpa) jIvAdika nahIM haiM arthAt ajJAna svarUpa jIvAdi nahIM haiN| isa prakAra do bhaMga sarva pravAdiyoM ke siddha haiN| anyathA (svacatuSTaya kI apekSA asti aura para.catuSTaya kI apekSA nAsti ke binA) sva iSTa tattva kI vyavasthiti nahIM ho sktii| so hI samantabhadrAcArya ne devAgama stotra meM kahA hai kiaisA kauna vAdI aura prativAdI hai jo sampUrNa dravyoM ko svacatuSTaya kI apekSA astisvarUpa aura viparIta (paracatuSTaya) kI apekSA nAsti rUpa svIkAra nahIM karatA hai kyoMki asti aura nAsti ke binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| zaMkA : jIvAdi padArtha avaktavya (zabda ke dvArA nahIM kahane yogya) kaise haiM? yadi kaho ki yathodita prakAra se pUrva kathita avadhAraNA svarUpa paraspara meM eka dUsare ke pratiyogI tathA eka hI samaya meM eka sAtha pradhAna naya kI vivakSA se kathana karane ke lie arpita (vivakSita) asti nAsti donoM dharmoM se yukta vastu ko jAnane kI icchA hone para usa vastu ke vAcaka zabda kI tathA prakaraNa Adi kI asambhavatA hone se 'avaktavya' bhaMga kahA jAtA hai, aisA koI kahate haiM taba to vaha guNoM kA yugapad bhAva (eka sAtha kathana karane kI icchA) kyA hai ? isakA syAdvAdiyoM ko vicAra karanA caahie|
Page #290
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 277 ciNtyN| kAlAdhaMbhedavRttiriti cet na, parasparaviruddhAnAM guNAnAmekatra vastunyekasmin kAle vRtteradarzanAt sukhaduHkhAdivat / nApyAtmarUpeNAbhedavRttisteSAM yugapadbhAvastadAtmarUpasya parasparavibhaktatvAttadvat / na caikadravyAdhAratayA vRttiyugapadbhAvasteSAM bhinnAdhAratayA pratIteH shiitossnnsprshvt| saMbaMdhAbhedo yugapadbhAva ityapyayuktaM, teSAM saMbaMdhasya bhinnatvAddevadattasya chatradaMDAdisaMbaMdhavat samavAyasyApyekatvAghaTanAdbhinnAbhidhAnapratyayahetutvAt saMyogavat / na copakArAbhedasteSAM yugapadbhAvaH pratiguNamupakArasya bhinnatvAnnIlapItAdyanuraMjanavat pttaadau| na caikadezo guNinaH sambhavati nirNshtvopgmaat| yato guNidezAbhedo yugapadbhAvo guNAnAmupapadyeta / na teSAmanyonyaM saMsargo yugapadbhAvastasyAsaMbhavAdAsaMsRSTarUpatvAdguNAnAM "kAla, AtmasvarUpa Adi se abheda vRtti ho jAnA guNoM kA yugapat bhAva hai" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki paraspara viruddha asti, nAsti, Adi guNoM kA eka vastu meM eka samaya rahanA dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai-jaise sukha duHkhaM donoM eka sAtha nahIM rahate haiN| AtmasvarUpa se abheda vRtti honA bhI una guNoM kA yugapad bhAva nahIM hai kyoMki una viruddha guNoM kA AtmasvarUpa bhI paraspara meM pRthak-pRthak hai arthAt jaise sukha kA AtmasvarUpa nirAkulatA hai-aura duHkha kA AtmasvarUpa vyAkulatA hai| eka dravyarUpa AdhAra ke Adheya hokara rahanA bhI yugapad bhAva nahIM hai kyoMki zIta aura uSNa sparza ke samAna bhinna-bhinna AdhAra se una dharmoM kI pratIti hotI hai| "sambandha kA abheda honA guNoM kA yugapad bhAva hai," yaha kahanA bhI yukti rahita hai| kyoMki una guNoM kA svakIya sambandha bhinna-bhinna hai| jaise devadatta kA chatarI, daNDa, aMgUThI Adi ke sAtha sambandha pRthak-pRthak hai| .. samavAya sambandha bhI eka hokara ghaTita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki saMyoga sambandha ke samAna samavAya sambandha bhI bhinna zabda, bhinna jJAna aura bhinna-bhinna kAryoM kA hetu hone ke kAraNa aneka haiM arthAt jaise saMyoga sambandha aneka haiM-vaise samavAya sambandha bhI aneka haiN| jaise caukI, kapar3A Adi kA saMyoga bhinna-bhinna haivaise AtmA ke jJAnAdi guNoM kA tathA pudgala ke rUpAdi guNoM kA samavAya sambandha bhI bhinna-bhinna hI hai| . upakAra dvArA abheda honA bhI una guNoM kA yugapad bhAva nahIM hai kyoMki pratyeka guNa kA upakAra bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| jaise vastra Adi meM nIla, pIta Adi raMga se anuraMjita raMga kA upakAra bhinna-bhinna hai arthAt nIle raMga se nIlatva aura pIle raMga se pItatva Adi upakAra bhinna-bhinna hotA hai tathA guNI niraMza hai-ataH guNI kA ekadeza honA saMbhava nahIM hai| isalie guNI deza kA abheda honA bhI guNoM kA yugapad bhAva nahIM hai| - guNoM kA paraspara meM saMsarga honA bhI yugapat bhAva nahIM hai| kyoMki guNoM meM saMsarga kI saMbhavatA nahIM hai| jaise zukla, kRSNa Adi ke samAna guNa paraspara meM eka dUsare se mile hue nahIM haiN| yadi una guNoM kA paraspara meM sambandha hotA to guNoM meM bheda hone kA virodha hotA hai|
Page #291
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 278 zuklakRSNAdivat tatsaMsarge guNabhedavirodhAt / na ca zabdAbhedo yugapadbhAvo guNAnAM bhinnshbdaabhidheytvaanniilaadivt| tato yugapadbhAvAt sadasattvAdiguNAnAM na tadvivakSA yuktA yasyAmavaktavyaM vastu syAt ityekAMtavAdinAmupadravaH, syAdvAdinAM kAlAdibhirabhedavRtteH parasparaviruddheSvapi guNeSu sattvAdiSvekatra vastuni prasiddheH pramANe tathaiva pratibhAsanAt svarUpAdicatuSTayApekSayA virodhAbhAvAt / kevalaM yugapadvAcakAbhAvAtsadasattvayorekatrAvAcyatA sattAmAtranibaMdhanatvAbhAvAdvAcyatAyAH / vidyamAnamapi hi sadasattvaguNadvayaM yugapadekatra sadityabhidhAnena vaktumazakyaM tasyAsattvapratipAdanAsamarthatvAt tathaivAsadityabhidhAnena tadvaktumazakyaM tasya sattvapratyAyane sAmarthyAbhAvAt / sAMketikamekapadaM tadabhidhAtuM samarthamityapi na satyaM, tasyApi ___ zabdoM kA abheda honA bhI guNoM kA yugapat bhAva nahIM hai, kyoMki nIla, pIta Adi ke samAna asti nAsti Adi guNa bhI bhinna-bhinna zabdoM ke dvArA kahe jAte haiN| isaliye sattva asattva Adi guNoM ke yugapat bhAva se unakI vivakSA karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| jisa vivakSA ke hone para vastu avaktavya siddha ho sakatI ho| arthAt vastu avaktavya siddha nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki sattva, asattva, nityatva, anityatva Adi guNoM kI yugapat kahane kI vivakSA honA virodha hone ke kAraNa siddha nahIM hai| . isa prakAra kI zaMkA ke pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-isa prakAra ekAntavAdiyoM ke dvArA diyA gayA upadrava vA ulAhanA syAdvAdiyoM ke prati lAgU nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM eka vastu meM paraspara viruddha sattva, asattva Adi guNoM meM kAla Adi ke dvArA abheda vRtti kA honA prasiddha hai kyoMki pramANa jJAna meM isa prakAra kA pratibhAsa ho rahA hai tathA svacatuSTaya kI apekSA astitva kA aura paracatuSTaya kI apekSA nAstitva kA eka sAtha rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| (virodha kA abhAva hai) kevala eka sAtha (yugapat) sattva aura asattva ina donoM guNoM ke eka vastu meM vAcakatA (kathana karane) kA abhAva hone se avAcya (avaktavya) kaha diyA jAtA hai| vA avaktavya dharma mAnA jAtA hai| vAcyatA kevala dharmI kI sattA ke AdhIna hI nahIM hai arthAt jagat ke sAre padArtha vacana ke dvArA kathana karane yogya hI haiM-aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| kucha padArtha aise bhI haiM jo vacanoM ke dvArA kahe nahIM jA sakate ataH vastu meM sattva aura asattva donoM guNa eka sAtha vidyamAna haiM- tathApi eka vastu meM eka samaya meM yugapat sat zabda ke dvArA donoM dharmoM kA kathana karanA azakya hai tathA asat-nAsti zabda ke dvArA bhI sattva aura asattva ye donoM dharma eka sAtha nahIM kahe jA sakate kyoMki asattva dharmazabda sattva dharma ko samajhAne meM samartha nahIM hai aura sattva dharmazabda asattva kA kathana karane meM samartha nahIM hai| __sAMketika (saMketa karane vAlA) eka pada donoM paraspara virodhI dharmoM ko eka sAtha kahane meM samartha hai-aisA bhI kahanA satya (ucita) nahIM hai kyoMki sAMketika padake bhI krama se hI donoM arthoM ko samajhAne kA sAmarthya hai arthAt zabda ke dvArA pratipAdya viSaya meM krama se hI pravRtti hotI hai| jaise AkAza, vANI, indriyA~ Adi aneka arthoM kA vAcaka 'go' zabda hai- parantu vaha eka sAtha aneka arthoM kA saMketa karake bhI eka sAtha sarva arthoM kA kathana nahIM kara sakatA, apitu krama se hI jJAna karA sakatA hai|
Page #292
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 279 krameNArthadvayapratyAyane sAmopapatteH / tau saditi zatRzAnayoH saMketitasacchabdavat dvaMdvavRttipadaM tayoH sakR dabhidhAyaka mityane nApAstaM, sadasattve ityAdipadasya kra meNa dharmadvayapratyAyanasamarthatvAt / karmadhArayAdivRttipadamapi na tayorabhidhAyakaM, tata eva pradhAnabhAvena dharmadvayapratyAyane tasyAsAmarthyAcca / vAkyaM tayorabhidhAyaka mane naivApAstamiti sakalavAcakarahitatvAdavaktavyaM vastu yugapatsadasattvAbhyAM pradhAnabhAvArpitAbhyAmAkrAMtaM vyavatiSThate tacca na sarvathaivAvaktavyameva zabdenAsya vaktavyatvAdityeke / te ca pRssttvyaaH| kimabhidheyamavaktavyazabdasyeti ? yugapatpradhAnabhUtasadasattvAdidharmadvayAkrAntaM vastviti cet , kathaM tasya sakalavAcakarahitatvaM ? avaktavyapadasyaiva tadvAcakasya sadbhAvAt / yathA vaktavyamiti padaM sAMketikaM isa prakAra 'tau sat' isa vyAkaraNa sUtra ke anusAra 'zatR aura zAnac' ina do pratyayoM meM saMketa kiye gaye 'sat' zabda ke samAna dvandva samAsa vRtti se niSpanna pada 'sattvAsattva' kA eka zabda ke dvArA eka sAtha kathana kara degA isakA bhI khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai kyoMki dvandva samAsa ke dvArA niSpanna sattvAsattva (astinAsti) ityAdi pada ke bhI krama se hI do dharmoM ko samajhAne kA, kathana karane kA sAmarthya hai| eka sAtha do dharmoM ke kathana karane kA sAmarthya nahIM hai| : isI prakAra karmadhAraya, bahubrIhi Adi samAsa se niSpanna pada bhI do dharmoM kA eka sAtha kathana karane vAle nahIM haiN| kyoMki pradhAna rUpa se do dharmoM kA eka sAtha kathana karane ke sAmarthya kA usa pada meM abhAva hai arthAt koI bhI eka pada yugapat donoM dharmoM kA vAcaka nahIM hai ataH una do dharmoM kA eka sAtha vAcaka koI vAkya saMbhava hai, isakA bhI isa kathana se khaNDana kara diyA hai| yugapat (eka sAtha) pradhAna rUpa se arpita (vivakSita) sattva aura asattva ina do dharmoM se AkrAnta (vyApta) avaktavya vastu sampUrNa vAcaka zabdoM se rahita hone se sarvathA avaktavya hI vyavasthita hai, aisA nahIM hai kyoMki avaktavya zabda ke dvArA avaktavya vastu kA kathana kiyA jA rahA hai arthAt vastu 'avaktavya' hai yaha kahA jAtA hai| aisA koI prativAdI kaha rahA hai| jainAcArya usase pUchate haiM ki avaktavya zabda kA abhidheya (vAcyArtha) kyA hai ? yadi kaho ki yugapat pradhAnabhUta sattva, asattva, nitya, anitya Adi do dharmoM se vyApta vastu avaktavya zabda kA vAcyArtha hai taba to usa vastu ke sakala vAcaka zabdoM se rahitapanA kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki usa vastu ke vAcaka avaktavya zabda kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra eka kAla meM do viruddha dharmoM se vyApta vastu kA vAcaka avaktavya pada sAMketika hai arthAt avaktavya pada do dharmoM kA eka sAtha saMketa kara rahA hai ; usI prakAra anya zabda bhI usake vAcaka kyoM nahIM hoNge| yadi kaho ki anya pada yugapat do dharmoM se AkrAnta vastu kA krama se jJAna karA sakate haiM- yugapat nahIM, taba to avaktavya pada bhI vastu kA vAcaka nahIM ho sktaa|
Page #293
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 280 tasya vAcakaM tathAnyadapi kiM na bhavet ? tasya krameNaiva tatpratyAyakatvAditi cet , tata evAvaktavyamitipadasya tadvAcakatvaM mAbhUt / tatopi hi sakRtpradhAnabhUtasadasattvAdidharmAkrAMtaM vastu krameNaiva pratIyate sAMketikapadAMtarAdiva vizeSAbhAvAt vaktavyatvAbhAvasyaivaikasya dharmasyAvaktavyapadena pratyAyanAcca na tathAvidhavastupratyAyanaM sugharTa yenAvaktavyapadena tadvyaktamiti yujyate / kathamidAnIM "avAcyataikAMtepyuktirnAvAcyamiti yujyate' ityuktaM ghaTate ? sakRddharmadvayAkrAntatveneva sattvAdyekaikadharmasamAkrAMtatvenApyavAcyatve vastuno vAcyatvAbhAvadharmeNAkrAMtasyAvAcyapadenAbhidhAnaM na yujyate iti vyAkhyAnAt / yena rUpeNAvAcyaM tenaiva vAcyamavAcyazabdena vastviti vyAcakSANo vastu yenAtmanA sat tenaivAsaditi virodhAnnobhayekAtmyaM vastuna iti kathaM vyavasthApayet? sarvatra syAdvAdanyAyavidveSitApatteH / tato vastuni mukhyavRttyA samAnabalayoH sadasattvayoH parasparAbhidhAnavyAghAtena kyoMki usa avaktavya zabda ke dvArA bhI yugapat (eka sAtha) pradhAnabhUta sattva aura asattvAdi dharmoM se vyApta vastu krama se hI pratIta hotI hai aura krama se jAnI jA sakatI hai jaise do dharmoM ko kahane ke lie sAMketika anya padoM ke dvArA krama se hI vastu kI pratIti hotI hai kyoMki yugapat do dharmoM kA kathana karane meM asamartha sAMketika padAntaroM meM aura avaktavya pada meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai| athavA avaktavya pada se eka vaktavya ke abhAva kA hI jJAna hotA hai| yugapat do dharmoM se AkrAnta vastu kA avaktavya pada se nirUpaNa nahIM ho sakatA isalie ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA avaktavya pada ke dvArA kathana karanA sughaTa nahIM hai ataH avaktavya pada se vastu vyakta kaise ho sakatI hai| (vyakta hotI hai aisA kahanA kaise ho sakatA hai ?) zaMkA : yadi avaktavya zabda ke dvArA do dharmoM se vyApta vastu kA kathana nahIM hotA hai to zrI samantabhadra dvArA kathita "avAcyatA ekAnta se avAcya hI hai yaha kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai", yaha isa samaya kaise ghaTita hogA? uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa kArikA kA yaha artha hai ki eka samaya meM do dharmoM se AkrAnta vastu jaise avAcya hai usI prakAra sattva, asattva eka-eka dharma se ArUr3ha vastu ko yadi avAcya mAnA jAyegA to vAcyatAbhAva nAmaka eka dharma se yukta vastu kA avAcya pada se kathana karanA yukta (ThIka) nahIM ho skegaa| ___arthAt paripUrNa vastu ko avaktavya bhaMga se avAcya nahIM kahA hai kintu vastu ke vAcyatvAbhAva nAma ke dharma kA kathana karane ke lie avaktavya zabda hai| yadi sarvathA vastu kA avAcyapanA svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to usa eka vAcyatvAbhAva dharma kA bhI avaktavya zabda ke dvArA pratipAdana nahIM hogaa| "jisa svarUpa se vastu avAcya hai, usI svarUpa se avAcya zabda ke dvArA vastu vAcya hai" aisA kahane para to "jisa svarUpa se vastu sat hai usI svarUpa se asat hai" aisA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| to phira virodha hone se ubhaya ekAnta vastu nahIM hai" aisA vyavasthita kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt sarvathA vastu na sat hai aura na asat hai yaha vyavasthA kaise ho sakatI hai ? ityAdi; apanI icchAnusAra kArikA kI vyAkhyA karanA syAdvAda nyAya se dveSa rakhane kA hI prasaMga AtA hai| syAdvAda nyAya meM koI doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki
Page #294
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 281 vyAghAte stiissttvipriitnirgunntvaaptteH| vivakSitobhayaguNenAbhidhAnAt avaktavyortha ityayamapi sakalAdezaH parasparAvadhAritaviviktarUpaikAtmakAbhyAM guNAbhyAM guNivizeSaNatvena yugapadupakSiptAbhyAmavivakSitAMzabhedasya vastunaH samastaikena guNarUpeNAbhedavRttyAbhedopacAreNa vAbhidhAtuM prakrAMtatvAt / sa cAvaktavyazabdenAnyaizca SaDbhirvacanaiH paryAyAMtaravivakSayA ca vaktavyatvAtsyAdavaktavya iti nirNItametat / etena sarvathA vastu sat svalakSaNamavaktavyamevetimatamapAstaM svalakSaNamanirdezyamityAdivacanavyavahArasya tatrAbhAvaprasaMgAt / yadi punarasvalakSaNaM zabdenocyate nirdezyavyAvRttyA ca nirdezyazabdena vikalpapratibhAsina evAbhidhAnAt na tu vastu rUpaM parAmRzyata iti mataM, tadA kathaM vastu tathA pratipannaM syAt ? tathA vyavasAyAditi cet , sopi vyavasAyo isa prakAra to mukhyavRtti se Aropita samAna bala vAle sattva aura asattva dharmoM kA paraspara kathana karane kA vyAghAta ho jAne ke kAraNa jaba donoM kA nAza ho jAyegA to siddhAnta se viparIta guNarahitatA kI Apatti AyegI aura guNoM kA abhAva kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai| vivakSita asti, nAsti ina ubhaya guNoM ke dvArA kathana karane se vastubhUta artha avaktavya hai| isa prakAra yaha bhI kathana vastu ke sakala aMzoM ko kahane vAlA sakalAdeza vAkya hai kyoMki paraspara avadhArita (nizcita) bhinna-bhinna ekarUpa vAle do guNoM ke dvArA guNIrUpa se viziSTa vastu kA eka samaya yugapat Aropita do guNoM ke dvArA avivakSita aMza bheda vAlI vastu ko sampUrNa yA eka guNa ke dvArA abhedavRtti aura abheda upacAra se kathana karane ke lie prakaraNa prApta hai| arthAt abheda vRtti aura abheda upacAra se guNa guNI ko eka mAna liyA jAtA hai| vivakSA ko prApta yA jinakI vivakSA nahIM, aise sarva guNoM kA samudAya hI vastu hai| guNoM se bhinna vastu nahIM hai isalie avaktavya zabda ke dvArA pUrNa vastu kA kathana nahIM ho sktaa| syAdvAda matAnusAra abheda vRtti yA abheda upacAra se vastu ke sakalAdeza kA kathana ho sakatA hai ataH avaktavya zabda ke dvArA tathA anya asti Adi chaha bhaMga rUpa zabdoM ke dvArA paryAyAntara kI vivakSA se kathana kiyA jAtA hai ata: padArtha kathaJcit avaktavya hai| arthAt vastu avaktavya hote hue bhI sAta bhaMgoM ke vAcaka zabdoM ke dvArA vaktavya hai| isa sapta bhaMga kathana ke dvArA "paramArthabhUta svalakSaNa vastusat sarvathA avaktavya hai" isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddhoM ke kathana kA bhI khaNDana kara diyA hai kyoMki svalakSaNabhUta vastu ko sarvathA avaktavya mAnane para "svalakSaNa kathana karane yogya nahIM hai, svalakSaNa kSaNika hai, vizeSarUpa hai, niraMza hai" ityAdi vacanoM ke vyavahAra ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA aura vastu kA svarUpa samajhanA bhI kaThina hogaa| yadi bauddhoM kA mantavya ho ki, "svalakSaNa zabda se vastubhUta svalakSaNa nahIM kahA jAtA hai-apitu anyApoha kahA jAtA hai jo avastu hokara vikalpa jJAna meM pratibhAsita hai ata: svalakSaNa zabda se asvalakSaNa kI vyAvRtti aura anirdezya zabda se nirdezya kI vyAvRtti hotI hai jo vAstavika nahIM hai apitu vikalpa meM pratibhAsita hai| vAstavika svarUpa ke viziSTa jJAna kA zabda se parAmarza nahIM hotA hai|
Page #295
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 282 yadi vastusaMsparzI zabdastaM spRzatu karaNavat / na hi karaNajanitaM jJAnaM vastu saMspRzati na puna: karaNamiti yuktaM / karaNamupacArAttatspRzatIti cet tathA zabdopIti samAnaM / zabdajanito vyavasAyopi na vastu saMspRzatIti cet kathaM tato vasturUpaM pratyeyaM ? bhrAMtimAtrAditi cet , na hi paramArthatastadanirdezyamavadhAraNaM vA siddhyetA' darzanAttathA tatsiddhiriti cet na, tasyApi tatrAsAmarthyAt / na hi pratyakSaM bhAvasyAnirdezyatAM pratyeti nirdezayogyasA sAdhAraNAsAdhAraNarUpasya vastunastena sAkSAtkaraNAt / svalakSaNavyatiriktA keyaM nirdezyatA sAdhAraNatA kA pratibhAtIti cet tasyAsAdhAraNatAnirdezyatA vA keti samaH paryanuyogaH / svalakSaNatvameva seti cet samA isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yadi vastu avAcya haiM taba anirdezya, kSaNika, svalakSaNa Adi svarUpa vastu ko kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai arthAt avAcya vastu kA svalakSaNa dvArA kathana kaise ho sakatA hai| yadi kSaNikatva, avaktavyatva Adi ke dvArA vastu kA nirNaya ho jAne se vastu kI pratipatti (jJAna) ho jAtI hai aisA kahate ho to, yadi vaha nirNaya vAstavika artha kA sparza kara rahA hai (vAstavika vastu kA kathana kara rahA hai) taba to indriyoM ke samAna zabda bhI vAstavika artha kA sparza karatA hai aisA mAnanA cAhie arthAt jaise indriyA~ yathArtha vastu ko jAnatI haiM, vaise zabdajanya Agama jJAna bhI vastu ko jAnatA hai| indriyajanya jJAna vastu kA sparza karatA hai (vastu ko viSaya karatA hai) indriyA~ vastu ko viSaya nahIM karatI haiM ata: indriyoM ke samAna jar3a zabda padArtha kA sparza nahIM karatA hai| aisA kathana bhI yuktipUrNa nahIM hai| kyoMki indriyoM ke dvArA viSaya hone para hI indriyajanya jJAna utpanna hotA hai, anyathA nhiiN| yadi bauddha kahe ki kArya kA kAraNa meM upacAra karake indriyA~ vastu kA sparza karatI haiM, aisA kahA jAtA hai ; taba to zabda bhI upacAra se vastu ko viSaya karate haiM aisA kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki 'indriya aura zabda' donoM meM AkSepa aura samAdhAna tulya hI haiN| ___ yadi zabdajanita nizcayAtmaka jJAna vastu kA sparza nahIM karatA hai to vastu kA svarUpa kaise samajhA jA sakegA? yadi kaho ki kevala bhrAnti se vastu ko samajhA jAtA hai, vAstava meM nahIM taba to paramArtharUpa svalakSaNa avaktavya hai, anirdezya hai, asAdhAraNa hai; isakI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| "nirvikalpa darzana se anirdezya aura asAdhAraNa svalakSaNa kI siddhi hotI hai" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa nirvikalpa darzana meM usa anirdezya, asAdhAraNa ke kathana karane kA sAmarthya nahIM hai| arthAt nirvikalpa darzana (pratyakSajJAna) yaha vicAra nahIM kara sakatA hai ki yaha vastu avAcya hai, vizeSa rUpa hai, ityAdi kyoMki vicAra karanA zrutajJAna kA viSaya hai ataH pratyakSajJAna padArthoM kI anirdezyatA ko nahIM jAnatA hai parantu pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA nirdeza karane yogya, sAdhAraNa aura asAdhAraNa rUpa vastu kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai arthAt matijJAna padArthoM kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai aura zrutajJAna zabda ke dvArA kathana karatA hai|
Page #296
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 283 samAdhiH, sAdhAraNatAnirdezyatayorapi tatsvarUpatvAt / tarhi nirdezyaM sAdhAraNamiti svalakSaNameva nAmAMtareNoktaM syAditi cet tavApyasAdhAraNamanirdezyamiti kiM na nAmAMtareNa tdevaabhimtN| tatheSTau vastu na sAdhAraNaM nApyasAdhAraNaM na nirdezyaM nApyanirdezyamanyathA cetyAyAtaM / tato'kiMcidrUpaM jAtyaMtaraM bhavanna dUrIkartavyaM gatyaMtarAbhAvAt / tadakiMcidrUpaM cet kathaM vastu vyAghAtaM sakRtkalpitarUpAbhAvAdakiMcidrUpaM nAnubhUyamAnarUpAbhAvAditi cet tavApyasAdhAraNaM / tatkimidAnImanubhUyamAnarUpaM vastu sthitaM tathA vA ? sthAne taimirikAnubhUyamAnamapIMdudvayaM svalakSaNa se bhinna hokara yaha nirdezyatA aura sAdhAraNatA kyA pratibhAsa rahI hai ? aisA kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki "vastu kI anirdezyatA aura asAdhAraNatA kyA hai ?" donoM prazna samAna haiN| ___yadi bauddha kahe ki asAdhAraNatA aura anirdezyatA to svalakSaNa kA svarUpa hI hai to isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki nirdezyatA aura sAdhAraNatA bhI vastu ke svalakSaNa rUpa hI hai ataH samAdhAna prazna ke samAna hai| svabhAva, svabhAvavAna se pRthak nahIM hote| - yadi bauddha kahe ki nirdezya aura sAdhAraNa ye donoM svalakSaNa ke nAmAntara hI kahe gaye haiM-aisA samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddha ke prati jainAcArya kahate haiM ki to phira anirdezya aura asAdhAraNa bhI svalakSaNa ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiM, isase bhinna kucha nahIM hai? aisA kyoM nahIM kahA jaayegaa| unako nAmAntara mAnanA caahie| . isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki vastu sAdhAraNa bhI nahIM hai, asAdhAraNa bhI nahIM hai, nirdezya bhI nahIM hai, aura anirdezya bhI nahIM hai parantu vastu anya prakAra hI hai| isalie akiMcit se jAtyantara rUpa ko dhAraNa karane vAlI vastu ko dUra nahIM kara skte| (arthAt vastu nirdezya bhI hai anirdezya bhI hai, sAdhAraNa bhI hai asAdhAraNa bhI hai aisA syAdvAda rUpa svIkAra karanA cAhie) vastu ke svarUpa kA kathana karane ke lie dUsarA upAya nahIM hai arthAt syAdvAda ke binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai aura syAdvAda ke dvArA vastu kI siddhi karane ke lie zabdoM kI AvazyakatA hai| zabdajanya jJAna ke binA vastu kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| - vastu kA svarUpa kucha bhI nahIM hai, aisA kahane para vastu kaise banegI ? arthAt kucha bhI svarUpa nahIM hai aura vaha vastu hai, aisA eka bAra kahane meM vyAghAta doSa hai arthAt jo kucha bhI nahIM hai, vaha vastu nahIM ho sakatI hai aura jo vastu hai, vaha "kucha nahIM" aisA nahIM ho sakatA hai| bauddha kahate haiM ki eka bAra hI kalpanA kara liye gaye aneka svarUpa to vastu meM nahIM haiM ata: vastu akiMcit svarUpa hai arthAt vyAvahArika zabdoM ke dvArA kathana nahIM ho sakatA ata: vastu akiMcit hai| parantu anubhUyamAna rUpa kA abhAva hone se vastu akiMcit rUpa nahIM hai arthAt vastu ke pratyakSa karane yogya svarUpa to vAstavika haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki tumhAre siddhAnta meM vaha vastu kA sAdhAraNa svarUpa kyA isa samaya anubhUyamAna hai (anubhava meM A rahA hai ) anubhava meM sthita hai| yadi asAdhAraNa rUpa se vastu anubhava meM A rahI hai aisA mAnoge to taimirika rogI ke dvArA anubhUtamAna do candramA bhI vastubhUta ho jAyeMge arthAt mana kalpita asAdhAraNa vastu kA anubhava karanA yadi satya hai to pIliyA roga se jarjarita puruSa ke netra roga ke kAraNa do candramA kA anubhava bhI satya honA caahie|
Page #297
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 284 vastu syAt |sunirnniitaasmbhvdbaadhkprmaannN vastu nAnyaditi cet tarhi yathA pratyakSatonubhUyamAnaM tAdRzaM vastu tadvaliMgazabdAdivikalpopadarzitamapi dezakAlanarAMtarAbAdhitarUpatve sati kiM nAbhyupeyate vizeSAbhAvAt / tato jAtyaMtarameva sarvathaikAMtakalpanAtItaM vastutvamityukteH syAdavaktavyamiti sUktaM "kramAptiAbhyAM tu sadasattvAbhyAM vishessitN'| jIvAdi vastu syAdasti ca nAsti ceti vaktuM zakyatvAdvaktavyaM syAdastItyAdivat / kathamastyavaktavyamiti cet pratiSedhazabdena vaktavyamevAstItyAdi vidhizabdenAvaktavyamityeke tadayuktaM, sarvathApyastitvenAvaktavyasya nAstitvena vaktavyatAnupapatteH vidhipUrvakatvAt pratiSedhasya / sarvathaikAMtapratiSedhopi hi vidhipUrvaka evAnyathA mithyAdRSTiguNasthAnAbhAvaprasaMgAt / durnayopakalpitaM rUpaM sunayapramANaviSayabhUtaM na bhavatIti pratiSedhe sarvathaikAMtasya na kazcidvyAghAtaH / astitvaviziSTatayA sahArpitatadanyadharmadvayaviziSTatayA ca ___"jisa padArtha ke asaMbhava hone ko bAdhA dene vAlA pramANa sunirNIta hai athavA jisa padArtha ke sadbhAva kI siddhi meM bAdhaka ho rahe pramANa kI asaMbhavatA hai vaha vAstavika padArtha hai| anya padArtha vastubhUta nahIM hai|" to jisa prakAra pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA anubhUta vastu yathArtha hai usI prakAra avinAbhAvI hetu, saMketa se grahaNa kiyA gayA zabda ceSTA Adi se utpanna vikalpajJAna ke dvArA pradarzita kiye gaye padArtha bhI dUsare deza, anya kAla, aura bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM se abAdhita svarUpa hone para unako vastubhUta kyoM nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki pratyakSa se jJAta aura vikalpajJAna ke dvArA jJAta padArtha ke viSaya meM koI antara (vizeSatA) nahIM hai ataH sabhI prakAra kI ekAntoM kI kalpanAoM se atIta vastu vAstavika hai| isalie kathaJcit jIva Adi vastu avaktavya hai| aisA kahanA samIcIna hai| isa prakAra tIsarA avaktavya bhaMga siddha hai| "krama se vivakSita sattva aura asattva se viziSTa (vyApta) jIvAdi vastu kathaJcit asti aura nAsti svarUpa hai" aisA kathana karanA zakya hone se kathaMcit caturtha (asti nAsti) bhaMga ke dvArA vastu vaktavya hai| jaise syAdasti ityAdi vAkyoM ke dvArA kahane yogya hone ke kAraNa syAdasti, syAnnAsti, syAdavaktavya ina bhaMgoM ke dvArA vastu kathana karane yogya hai| zaMkA : 'astyavaktavya' yaha pA~cavA~ bhaMga kaise siddha hotA hai ? koI prativAdI samAdhAna karate haiM ki niSedha vAcaka nAsti zabda ke dvArA jIva Adi vaktavya hI haiN| kintu asti ityAdi vidhi (sattA) vAcaka zabda ke dvArA jIvAdi avaktavya haiM ataH asti hokara avaktavya ho gyaa| samAdhAna - jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki sarvathA bhI astitva dharma ke dvArA nahIM kahe jAne yogya jIva Adi kA astitva ke dvArA avaktavya aura nAstitva ke dvArA naya vaktavya kI utpatti (siddhi) nahIM ho sktii| pratiSedha bhI vidhi pUrvaka ho jAtA hai| sarvathA ekAnta kA niSedha karanA vidhipUrvaka hI hotA hai| anyathA mithyAtva guNasthAna ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt mithyAtva guNasthAna samyagdarzana ke abhAva rUpa hI hai| durnayoM ke dvArA kalpita vastu svarUpa, sunaya aura pramANa kA viSaya nahIM hotA hai| isalie sarvathA ekAntoM kA niSedha karane meM koI vyAghAta doSa nahIM hai kyoMki niSedha bhI vidhipUrvaka hotA hai|
Page #298
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 285 vastuni pratipitsite tadastyavaktavyamityanye, tadapyasAraM / tatrAstyavaktavyAvaktavyAdibhaMgAMtaraprasaMgAt / tatopi sahArpitatadanyadharmadvayaviziSTasya tatopyaparasahArpitadharmadvayaviziSTasya vastuno vivakSAyA nirAkartumazakte: pratiyogidharmayugalAnAmekatra vastunyanaMtAnAM saMbhavAt teSAM ca sahArpitAnAM vaktumazakyatvAt astyanaMtAvaktavyaM vastu syAt taccAniSTaM / yena rUpeNa vastviti tena tatpratiyoginA ca sahAkrAMtaM yadA pratipattumiSTaM tadAstyavaktavyamiti kecit, tepi yAvadbhiH svabhAvaiH yAvaMti vastunostitvAni tatpratiyogibhistAvadbhireva dharmaH, yAvaMti ca nAstitvAni tadyugalaiH sahArpitaistAvaMtyavaktavyAni ca rUpANi tatastAvatyaH saptabhaMgya ityAcakSate cet pratiSThatyeva yuktyAgamAvirodhAt / etena nAstyavaktavyaM ciMtitaM pratyeyaM, syAdasti nAstyavaktavyaM ca vastviti pramANasaptabhaMgI sakalavirodhavaidhuryAt siddhA / nayasaptabhaMgI tu nayasUtre prapaMcato nirUpayiSyate / tataH parArthodhigamaH astitvadharma kI viziSTatA se aura eka sAtha vivakSita anya do dharma viziSTatA se vastu ko jAnane kI vivakSA hone para "astyavaktavya" isa paMcama bhaMga kI utpatti hotI hai, aisA koI kahate haiM parantu unakA yaha kathana nissAra hai (sAra rahita hai) kyoMki asti, nAsti se bhinna do dharmoM kI vivakSA karane para astyavaktavyAvyaktavya Adi bhaMgAntara kA prasaMga AtA hai isalie anya do dharmoM ke sAtha vivakSita kiye gaye aura unase bhinna do dharmoM se viziSTa vastu kI tathA usase bhinna ke sAtha arpita do dharmoM se viziSTa vastu kI vivakSA kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie zakta (samartha) nahIM hai| kyoMki eka vastu meM nitya, anitya, asti nAsti Adi aneka pratiyogI (viruddha) ananta dharma yugaloM kA rahanA saMbhava hai parantu eka sAtha vivakSita una dharmoM kA kathana karanA azakya hone ke kAraNa ananta avaktavya dharma kA kathana karanA iSTa nahIM hai| isalie anya matAnusAra pA~cavA~ bhaMga ThIka nahIM hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anusAra hI prazasta hai| jisa svarUpa se vastu hai usa svarUpa se to asti hai kintu usa astisvarUpa ke dvArA aura usake pratiyogI dharma se AkrAnta vastu ko samajhAne ke lie jaba prayatna kiyA jAtA hai taba astyavaktavya rUpa bhaMga kahA jAtA hai| aisA koI kahate haiN| parantu isa prakAra kahane vAle ko bhI jitane vastu ke astitvarUpa bhAva dharma haiM aura una dharmoM ke pratiyogI jitane svabhAva haiM ve nAsti rUpa haiM una asti-nAsti rUpa sarva yugala dharmoM ke sAtha eka samaya meM vivakSita kiye gaye utanI saMkhyAvAle aneka avaktavya rUpa ho jAte haiM aura avaktavya kI saMkhyA vAlI sapta bhaMgiyA~ bana jAtI haiN| taba to yukti aura Agama se avirodha hone ke kAraNa unakA kathana pratiSThita ho hI jAtA hai, anyathA nahIM arthAt asti aura avaktavya ina donoM dharma kI eka sAtha vivakSA karane para pA~cavA~ bhaMga ho jAtA hai| - isa uparyukta kathana se nAstyavaktavya nAma ke chaThe bhaMga kA vicAra karanA cAhie arthAt nAsti aura avaktavya dharma ke sAtha bhaMga karane para nAstyavaktavya dharma se kahA jAtA hai| sAtavA~ bhaMga 'astinAstyavaktavya' hai| yaha bhaMga bhI vastu ke astitva, nAstitva aura avaktavya dharmoM kI eka sAtha yojanA karane para utpanna hotA hai isa prakAra jIva Adi vastu paraspara kI apekSA pramANoM ke dvArA saptabhaMgI sampUrNa virodha rahita siddha hai| naya saptabhaMgI nayasUtra meM vistAra pUrvaka nirUpaNa kreNge|
Page #299
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 286 pramANanayairvacanAtmabhiH kartavyaH svArtha iva jJAnAtmabhiH, anyathA kAtsnryenaikadezena ca tttvaarthaadhigmaanupptteH|| tadevaM saMkSepatodhigamopAyaM pratipAdya madhyamaprasthAnatastamupadarzayitumanAH sUtrakAraH prAha; nirdeshsvaamitvsaadhnaadhikrnnsthitividhaantH|| 7 // nirdezAdInAmitaretarayoge dvaMdvaH karaNanirdezazca bahuvacanAMta: pratyeyastathA tasi vidhAnAt / sthitizabdasya svataMtratvAdalpAkSaratvAcca pUrvanipAtostviti na codyaM, bahuSvaniyamAt / sarvasya nirdezapUrvakatvAtsvAmitvAdinirUpaNasya pUrvaM nirdezagrahaNamarthAnyAyAnna virudhyate svAmitvAdInAM tu praznakzAt kramaH / nanu ca saMkSiptaiH pramANanayaiH saMkSepato'dhigamo vaktavyo madhyamaprasthAnatastaireva madhyamaprapaMcaina isa prakAra vacanAtmaka pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA parArtha adhigama hotA hai aura jJAna svarUpa pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA svayaM adhigama hotA hai| anyathA (sannikarSa, indriyavRtti Adi upAyoM se) eka deza aura pUrNadeza ke dvArA tattvArthoM kA adhigama honA nahIM bana sktaa| __isa prakAra saMkSepa se adhigama ke upAyabhUta pramANa aura nayoM kA vivecana karake madhyama gati se ziSyoM ko samajhAne ke lie nirdeza Adi adhigama ke upAyoM kA AcArya kathana karate haiM __ nirdeza (vastu ke nAma mAtra kA kathana), svAmitva, sAdhana (kAraNa), adhikaraNa, sthiti (kAlakRta maryAdA) aura vidhAna (prakAra) inase bhI jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama (jAnakArI) hotA hai||7|| nirdeza Adi zabdoM meM paraspara itaretara yoga dvandva samAsa hai ataH samAsAnta pada ko bahuvacanAnta tRtIyA vibhakti se karaNa nirdeza samajhanA caahie| kyoMki nirdeza Adi zabdoM ke vigrahoM meM tasi' nAmaka hRt pratyaya kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ikArAnta aura ukArAnta zabdoM kI susaMjJA hai| sthiti zabda suanta aura alpacara hai ataH sthiti zabda kA pUrva meM nipAta honA cAhie, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki jisa sUtra meM bahuta se padoM kA samAsa hotA hai usameM suanta aura alpaakSara vAle zabdoM kA pUrva nipAta karane kA niyama nahIM hai arthAt do padoM kA samAsa karane para alpacara aura ikArAnta, ukArAnta, pUrva nipAta kA vidhAna karane vAle sUtra lAgU hote haiM-parantu tIna cAra Adi bahuta se padoM kA dvandva samAsa karane para pUrva nipAta ke niyama lAgU nahIM hote haiN| tathA anya bhI svAmitva sAdhanAdi kA nirUpaNa nirdeza pUrvaka hI hotA hai, ata: artha sambandhI nyAya se nirdeza kA sUtra meM prathama grahaNa karanA viruddha nahIM hai| athavA svAmitva Adi kA praznoM ke anusAra krama hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie arthAt vastu ke nAmoccAraNa karane para hI svAmitva Adi ke prazna uThate haiM ata: sarva prathama nirdeza kA kathana kiyA hai| saMkSipta pramANa naya ke dvArA saMkSepa se adhigama hotA hai, aisA kahanA cAhie aura madhyama ruci kI apekSA se unhIM madhyama vistAra vAle pramANa aura naya ke dvArA adhigama hotA hai aisA kahanA cAhie thA,
Page #300
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 287 punarnirdezAdibhistato nedaM sUtramAraMbhaNIyamityanupapatticodanAyAmidamAha;nirdezAdyaizca kartavyodhigamaH kAMcana prati / ityAha sUtramAcAryaH prtipaadyaanurodhtH||1|| ye hi nirdezyamAnAdiSu svabhAveSu tattvAnyapratipannAH pratipAdyAstAn prati nirdezAdibhisteSAmadhigamaH kartavyo na kevalaM pramANanayaireveti sUktaM nirdezAdisUtraM vineyAzayavazavartitvAtsUtrakAravacanasya / vineyAzayaH kutastAdRza iti cet tatonyAdRzaH kutaH tathA vivAdAditi / tata evAyamIdRzostu nyAyasya smaantvaat|| _ kiM punarnirdezAdaya ityAha;yatkimityanuyogerthasvarUpapratipAdanam / kAsya'to dezato vApi sa nirdezo vidAM mtH||2|| kasya cetyanuyoge satyAdhipatyanivedanaM / svAmitvaM sAdhanaM kenetyanuyoge tathA vcH||3|| punaH sarvathA bhinna nirdeza Adi ke dvArA adhigama kahanA ucita nahIM hai, ataH sUtrakAra ko nirdeza' Adi sUtra kI racanA kA prArambha karanA yogya nahIM hai isa prakAra kI anupapatti (utpanna) zaMkA kA nivAraNa karate hue AcArya kahate haiM : pratipAdya (anuzAsana karane yogya) ziSya ke anurodha se kinhIM ziSyoM ke prati, nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jIvAdikoM kA adhigama karAnA cAhie ata: anukUla ziSya ke Agrahavaza AcArya ne nirdeza' isa sUtra kA kathana kiyA hai||1|| jo ziSya nirdeza (kathana) karane yogya svAmI Adi svabhAvoM meM jIvAdi tattvoM ko samajha nahIM pAyA hai, (apratipanna hai) usake prati nirdeza Adi ke dvArA pratipAdana karane yogya jIvAdi tattvoM kA usako adhigama (jJAna) karAnA cAhie kyoMki avyutpanna ziSya kevala pramANa aura naya ke dvArA samajha nahIM sakatA hai| isalie sUtrakAra ne nirdeza' Adi sUtra kI racanA upayukta hI kI hai kyoMki sUtrakAra mahApuruSoM ke vacana vinIta ziSyoM ke anukUla hote haiN| prazna : vinayazIla ziSya kA abhiprAya kaisA hai, yaha kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai ? uttara : ziSya kA abhiprAya aisA nahIM thA, aisA kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai? yadi koI kahe ki isa prakAra kA vivAda thA, isalie isa sUtra kI racanA kI gaI hai to jainAcArya bhI kaha sakate haiM ki nirdeza Adi ke viSaya meM vivAda thA, isalie isa sUtra kI racanA kI gaI hai, donoM ke praznoM meM nyAya kI samAnatA hai| nirdezAdi kyA haiM - aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM jo kucha hai, so kyA hai? isa prakAra prazna hone para pUrNa rUpa se athavA ekadeza se bhI jo arthasvarUpa kA pratipAdana karanA hai, vaha nirdeza hai| aisA vidvAnoM kA kathana hai||2|| .. ___ yaha padArtha kisakA hai, aisA prazna hone para usake adhipatitva kA kathana karanA svAmitva hai| isa padArtha kI utpatti kA kAraNa kyA hai? aisA prazna hone para padArthoM kI utpatti ke kAraNoM kA kathana karanA sAdhana hai||3||
Page #301
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 288 kveti paryanuyoge tu vacodhikaraNaM viduH / kiyacciramiti prazne pratyuttaravacaH sthitiH|| 4 // katidhedamiti prazne vacanaM tattvavedinAm / vidhAnaM kIrtitaM zabdaM tattvajJAnaM ca gamyatAm // 5 // kiM kasya kena kasmin kiyacciraM katividhaM vA vastu tadrUpaM cetyanuyoge kAryena dezena ca tatha prativacanaM / nirdezAdaya iti vacanAt pravaktuH padArthAH zabdAtmakAste pratyeyAH tathA prakIrtitAstu sarve sAmarthyA jJAnAtmakA gamyate'nyathA tadanupapatteH / satyajJAnapUrvakA mithyAjJAnapUrvakA vA ? na sarve zabdA nirdezAdaya satyA nAma suSuptAdivat , nApyasatyA eva te saMvAdakatvAt prtykssaadivt|| yaha padArtha kahA~ rahatA hai ? aisA prazna hone para usake nivAsasthAna kA kathana karanA adhikaraNa kahalAtA hai| yaha padArtha kitane kAla taka rahegA ? aisA prazna hone para usakA pratyuttara denA itane kAla taka rahegA yaha sthiti hai||4|| __yaha padArtha kitane prakAra kA hai, aisA prazna hone para usake bhedoM ke kathana karane rUpa jo vidvAnoM ke vacana haiM, vaha vidhAna kahalAtA hai // 5 // adhigama kA sAkSAt kAraNa jJAna hai aura usase avyavahita pUrvavartI zabda usakA pradhAna kAraNa hai jo ki ajJAnasvarUpa hai, jar3a hai ata: chahoM kA kathana karate samaya vacana pradhAna rUpa se kahe gaye haiM arthAta zabdAtmaka aura jJAnAtmaka nirdeza Adika upAya adhigama ke kAraNa haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| kyA vastu hai ? kisakI vastu hai ? kina kAraNoM se nirmita hai ? kahA~ para sthita hai ? yaha vastu kitane dera taka (kAla taka) rahegI? aura vastu kitane prakAra kI hai ? isa prakAra prazna hone para pUrNa rUpa se vA ekadeza se usI prakAra uttara rUpa prativacana kahanA nirdeza Adika haiM, aisA mUla sUtra meM kahA hai| athavA, prakRSTa vaktA ke nirdeza Adi padArtha haiM ve zabdAtmaka haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie| kyoMki jJAna sAmarthya se unakA isI prakAra kathana kiyA gayA hai| tathA adhigama ke upAyabhUta nirdezAdika sabhI padArtha sAmarthya se jJAnAtmaka jAne jAte haiN| anyathA (yadi nirdeza Adika ko jJAnAtmaka nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) kathanopakathana kA vyavahAra nahIM ho sktaa| bhAvArtha : vacana vaktA ke pramANa jJAna ke kArya haiN| arthAt vacana se hI vaktA kI pramANatA siddha hotI hai tathA ve vacana zrotA ke pramANa jJAna ke kAraNa haiM kyoMki vacana sunakara hI zrotA ko jJAna utpanna hotA hai| kAraNa kA kArya meM aura kArya meM kAraNa kA upacAra karane se zabda bhI pramANa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra vAcya vAcaka bhAva aura gamya gamaka bhAva kI sAmarthya se nirdeza Adika zabda rUpa aura jJAna svarUpa haiN| satya jJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hue nirdeza Adika satya kahe jAte haiN| mithyA jJAnapUrvaka utpanna nirdeza Adika zabda mithyA kahe jAte haiN| sabhI nirdeza Adi zabda satya nahIM hote haiM jaise gAr3ha nidrA meM supta vA mUrcchita Adi jIvoM ke zabda satya nahIM haiN| tathA ye sabhI nirdezAdi zabda sarvathA asatya bhI nahIM haiM, kyoMki ye nirdeza Adi zabda pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANa ke samAna saMvAdaka (saphala pravRtti ke janaka) haiM arthAt nirdeza Adi zabda artha aura jJAnAtmaka haiN|
Page #302
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 289 kiM svabhAvairnirdezAdibhirarthasyAdhigama: syAdityAha;tairAdhigamo bhedaatsyaatprmaannnyaatmbhiH| adhigamya svabhAvairvA vastunaH karmasAdhanaH // 6 // kartRstho'dhigamastAvadvastunaH sAkalyena pramANAtmabhirbhedena nirdezAdibhirbhavatIti prmaannvishessaastvete| dezastu nayAtmabhiriti nayAH tato nApramANanayAtmakaistairadhigatiriSTA yato vyAghAtaH / kasya puna: pramANasyaite vizeSAH zrutasyAspaSTasarvArthAviSayatA pratItiriti kecit / matizrutayorityapare / tetra praSTavyAH / kuto materbhedAste iti ? matipUrvakatvAdupacArAditi cenna, avadhimana:paryayavizeSatvAnuSaMgAt / yathaiva hi matyArthaM paricchidya zrutajJAnena parAmRzannirdezAdibhiH prarUpayati tathAvadhimana:paryayeNa vA / na caivaM, zrutajJAnasya tatpUrvakatvaprasaMga: kisa svabhAva vAle nirdeza Adika ke dvArA jIvAdika arthoM kA adhigama hotA hai-aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM pramANa aura naya ke bhedasvarUpa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA ekadeza yA sarvadeza se jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai| (yahA~ AtmA se pramANa, naya svarUpa jJAnoM kI bheda vivakSA kI gaI hai| kartA meM rahane vAle AtmA se pRthak pramANa naya svarUpa nirdeza Adike dvArA padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai aura karma meM rahane vAlA adhigama jAnane yogya vastuke svabhAvabhUta jar3a nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jJAna hotA hai, kartA meM rahane vAlA adhigama kartA se bhinna viSayIbhUta pramANa nayoM ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| tathA adhipUrvaka gam dhAtu sakarmaka hai ataH kartA ke samAna karma meM bhI nirdeza Adi rahate hai|) athavA adhigamya svabhAva rUpa pramANa aura naya ke dvArA vastu kA nirNaya hotA hai||6|| zrotA rUpa kartA meM sthita vastu kA pUrNa rUpa se adhigama pramANa ke bheda rUpa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA hotA hai kyoMki kartA meM sthita adhigama ko karane vAle nirdeza Adi pramANa vizeSa (zrutajJAna) svarUpa haiM aura kartA meM sthita vastu kA ekadeza adhigama nayasvarUpa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA hotA hai ata: nayapramANAtmaka nirdeza Adi ke dvArA vastu kA jJAna iSTa hai| tathA naya pramANAtmaka nirdeza ko mAnane para vyAghAta doSa bhI nahIM AtA hai| parantu apramANa aura kunayAtmaka nirdeza Adi ke dvArA vastu kA adhigama iSTa nahIM hai kyoMki isameM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai| prazna : nirdeza Adi kisa pramANa ke bheda haiM? uttara : koI AcArya avizada rUpa viSaya se pratIti hone se nirdeza Adi ko zrutajJAna ke bheda mAnate haiM aura koI nirdeza Adi ke mati aura zruta ina donoM jJAnoM ke bheda mAnate haiN| nirdeza Adi ko matijJAna kA bheda mAnane vAle se pUchate haiM ki nirdeza Adi matijJAna ke bheda kaise ho sakate haiM? ___matijJAnapUrvaka zrutajJAna hotA hai, isalie nirdeza Adi matijJAna ke bheda kahe jAte haiM aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki upacAra se nirdeza Adi ko matijJAna kA bheda mAne lene para avadhijJAna aura mana: paryaya jJAna ke nirdeza Adi bheda prabheda kA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki jisa prakAra matijJAna ke dvArA artha ko jAnakara zrutajJAna ke dvArA vicAra karake nirdezAdika ke dvArA ziSyoM ke lie artha kA nirUpaNa karatA hai| usI prakAra avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna ke dvArA
Page #303
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 290 sAkSAttasyAniMdriyamatipUrvakatvAt paraMparayA tu tatpUvakatvaM nAniSTaM / zabdAtmanastu zrutasya sAkSAdapi nAvadhimanaH paryayapUrvakatvaM virudhyate kevalapUrvakatvavat / tato mukhyataH zrutasyaiva bhedA nirdezAdayaH pratipattavyAH kimupacAreNa, prayojanAbhAvAt / tata eva zrutaikadezalakSaNanayavizeSAzca te vyvtisstthte| yeSAM tu zrutaM pramANameva teSAM tadvacanamasAdhanAMgatayA nigrahasthAnamAsajyata iti kvacitkathaMcitpraznaprativacanavyavahAro na syAt / svaparArthAnumAnAtmakosau iti cenna, tasya sarvatrApravRtteratyaMtaparokSeSvartheSu tadabhAvaprasaMgAt / na ca zrutAdanyadeva bhI artha ko pratyakSa karake zrutajJAna ke dvArA vicAra karake vaktA nirdeza Adi ke dvArA vastu kA kathana karatA hai|(at: nirdeza Adika avadhijJAna aura manaHparyaya ke vizeSa (bheda) kyoM nahIM mAne jAte haiN|) aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki aisA mAnane para zrutajJAna ke bhI avadhi, mana:paryaya jJAnapUrvaka hone kA prasaMga AtA hai parantu zrutajJAna sAkSAt mAnasika mati pUrvaka hotA hai| paramparA se mana:paryaya jJAna kA kAraNa mAnanA aniSTa nahIM hai| arthAt avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna bhI paramparA se zrutajJAna ke kAraNa haiM aisA mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| zabdAtmaka aura jJAnAtmaka ke bheda se zrutajJAna do prakAra kA hai| jJAnAtmaka zrutajJAna kA sAkSAt kAraNa mAnasa zruta jJAna hai aura paramparA kAraNa cAkSuSa pratyakSa avadhi jJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna Adi bhI ho sakate haiM kintu zabdAtmaka zrutajJAna kA sAkSAt kAraNa bhI avadhi jJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna ko mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| jaise arhanta bhagavAna kevalajJAna dvArA sampUrNa padArthoM kA (sakala pratyakSa ke dvArA) zabdAtmaka dvAdazAMga zrutajJAna kA upadeza dete hI haiM ata: jisa prakAra zabdAtmaka zrutajJAna kA kevalajJAna sAkSAt kAraNa hai vaise avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna bhI zabdAtmaka zrutajJAna ke sAkSAt kAraNa ho sakate haiM, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai (jJAnAtmaka zrutajJAna kA kAraNa mana-indriyajanya matijJAna hai ataH kevalI bhagavAna ke jJAnAtmaka zrutajJAna nahIM hai|) isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki mukhyataH nirdeza Adi zrutajJAna ke hI bheda haiM, matijJAna ke nahIM; aisA jAnanA cAhie, upacAra se paramparA matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnane meM koI lAbha nahIM hai| isalie nirdeza Adi zruta ke ekadeza lakSaNa naya ke bheda haiM yahI vyavasthita hai-arthAt nirdeza Adi ko zrutajJAna kA bheda mAnane para ve nayAtmaka bhI ho sakate haiN| jinake mata meM zrutajJAna jJAnAtmaka (pramANasvarUpa) hI hai (nayAtmaka aura zabdAtmaka nahIM hai), unake mata meM nirdeza Adi kA kathana karanA sAdhana (hetu) kA aMga na hone se nigraha sthAna ko prApta ho jAtA hai aura aisA hone para kahIM bhI kisI bhI prakAra se prazna, uttara, pratyuttara ke bolane kA vyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA hai arthAt jJAnAtmaka zruta kA to uccAraNa hotA nahIM hai kyoMki vaha svArtha jJAna hai jaise mati Adi jJAna aura zrutajJAna ko zabdAtmaka mAnA nahIM hai ataH prazna, uttara Adi vyavahAra kA lopa ho jaayegaa|
Page #304
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 291 svArthAnumAnaM matipUrvakaM parArthAnumAnaM ceti, tadbhedatvamiSTameva nirdezAdInAM / prAmANyaM punaH zrutasyAgre samarthayiSyata iti neha pratanyate / karmasthaH punaradhigamorthAnAmadhigamyamAnAnAM svabhAvabhUtaireva nirdezAdibhiH kAtsnyaikadezAbhyAM pramANanayaviSayairvyavasthApyate / nirdezyamAnatvAdibhireva dhrmairaanaamdhigtiprtiiteH| karmatvAtteSAM kathaM karaNatvena ghaTaneti cet, tathA pratIteH / agneruSNatvenAdhigama ityatra yathA / nanvagneH karmaNaH karaNamuSNatvaM bhinnameveti cet na, tadbhedaikAMtasya nirAkaraNAt / kathaMcidbhedastu samAnonyatra / na hi nirdezatvAdayo dharmAH karaNatayA praznottara vyavahAra zruta rUpa nahIM hai, kintu svArtha aura parArthAnumAnasvarUpa zrutajJAna hai (vaktA kA vacana svArthAnumAna hai aura zrotA kA vacana vyavahAra parArthAnumAna hai|) aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sarvatra anumAna jJAna kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai ataH atyanta parokSa svargAdika padArthoM meM anumAna kI pravRtti nahIM hone se praznottara vyavahAra ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt una parokSa padArthoM ke jAnane kA prazna bhI nahIM uTha sakatA kyoMki vacanoM ke dvArA hI una parokSa padArthoM kA Agama jJAna hotA hai| _ kiMca-matipUrvaka hone vAle svArthAnumAna aura parArthAnumAna bhI zrutajJAna se bhinna nahIM haiN| (kyoMki artha se arthAntara kA jJAna honA zrutajJAna hai aura sAdhana se sAdhya kA jJAna honA anumAna jJAna hai isalie sAdhya aura sAdhana kI bheda vivakSA se utpanna anumAnajJAna zrutajJAna rUpa hI hai|) ata: nirdeza, sAdhana Adi adhigama ke upAya zrutajJAnaM ke bheda mAnanA hI iSTa hai| isakI pramANatA kA varNana Age zrutajJAna ke prakaraNa meM kareMge ata: yahA~ vistAra rUpa se kathana nahIM kara rahe haiN| bhAvArtha : sakarmaka dhAtu kA zuddha artha kartA aura karma donoM meM rahatA hai ata: kartA meM rahane vAle artha kA nirUpaNa kara diyA hai, aba karma meM sthita artha kA varNana karate haiN| ___ adhigamya (jAnane yogya) padArthoM kA pUrNa svarUpa yA ekadeza se hone vAlA karmastha adhigama (anubhava yA jJAna) pramANa aura naya ke viSayabhUta nirdeza Adi ke dvArA vyavasthita kiyA jAtA hai| kyoMki nirdeza (kathana) karane yogya dharmoM (vastu svarUpa) ke dvArA padArthoM kA adhigama honA pratIta hotA hai| arthAt AtmA nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jIvAdika padArthoM ko jAnatA hai| zaMkA : nirdeza Adika jaba karmasvarUpa padArthoM kA svabhAva hai, taba unake karaNatva kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai ? samAdhAna : nirdeza Adi ko bhedasvarUpa se pratIti ho rahI hai ata: ye nirdeza Adi karaNa svarUpa haiM jaise agni uSNatvarUpa karaNa (sAdhana) ke dvArA jAnI jAtI hai ata: agni kA uSNatva karaNa sAdhana hai| usI prakAra nirdeza Adi ke dvArA padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai ata: nirdeza Adi karaNa svarUpa haiN| zaMkA : agnisvarUpa karma se uSNatva rUpa karaNa sarvathA bhinna hai, kyoMki guNa-guNI meM sarvathA bheda hai ? samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki guNa-guNI ke bheda ekAnta kA pUrva meM khaNDana kara cuke haiM arthAt guNa-guNI meM sarvathA bhinnatA nahIM hai kyoMki isakA pUrva meM varNana kara cuke haiN| guNa-guNI meM lakSya, lakSaNa, saMjJA, prayojana Adi kI apekSA kathaMcit bheda hai kathaMcit abheda hai| usI prakAra nirdeza Adi meM bhI karma se kathaMcit bheda hai aura kathaMcit abheda hai kyoMki ye samAna hI haiN|
Page #305
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 292 samabhidhIyamAnA jIvAde: karmaNaH paryAyArthAdbhinnA neSyate / dravyArthAttu tatasteSAmabhedepi bhedopacArAtkarmakaraNanirdezaghaTaneti kecit / pare punaH karmasAdhanAdhigamapakSe nirdezyatvAdInAM karmatayA pratIte: karaNatvameva necchaMti teSAM vizeSaNatvena ghaTanAt / na hi yathAgniruSNatvena viziSTodhigamopAyairadhigamyata iti pratItiraviruddhA tathA sarverthA nirdezyAdibhirbhAvairadhigamyaMta iti nirNayopyaviruddho nAvadhAryate / tathA sati parAparakaraNaparikalpanAyAM mukhyato guNato vAnavasthAprasaktirapi nivAritA syAt / tadaparikalpanAyAM vA kiMca-karaNatva se kathita nirdezatva, svAmitva Adi karmasvarUpa dharmI se paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA kathaMcit bhinna nahIM hai aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie apitu kathaMcit bheda hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| ataH dravyArthika naya kI apekSA jIvAdika padArthoM se nirdezatva Adi dharmoM kA abheda hone para bhI bheda kA upacAra karane para karma aura karaNa rUpa se nirdeza (kathana) ghaTita ho jAtA hai, aisA kinhIM AcAryoM kA mata hai| vaha khaNDanIya nahIM hai arthAt dravyArthika naya kI apekSA dharma-dharmI, guNa-guNI meM abheda hai aura paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA bheda hai aisA jAnanA caahie| koI karmasAdhana vyutpatti se siddha adhigama kA pakSa lekara nirdeza Adi kI karma rUpa se pratIti hotI hai ata: nirdeza Adi ko karaNatva rUpa se svIkAra nahIM karate haiM unake mata meM nirdeza AdikoM ko vizeSaNa rUpa se ghaTita kiyA jAtA hai arthAt nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAna ina vizeSaNoM se viziSTa artha kA pramANa aura naya ke dvArA adhigama hotA hai, yaha sUtra kA artha kiyA jAtA hai| kyoMki jaise uSNatva nAma ke vizeSaNa se viziSTa agni pramANa aura naya rUpa adhigama ke upAyoM ke dvArA jAnI jAtI hai, isa prakAra kI pratIti aviruddha hai (viruddha nahIM) hai usI prakAra sarva padArtha nirdezya Adi bhAvoM (vizeSaNoM) ke dvArA viziSTa hokara adhigama upAyoM ke dvArA jAne jAte haiM, yaha nirNaya bhI aviruddha nahIM hai aisA nahIM hai apitu aviruddha hai aura aisA hone para parApara karaNa kI parikalpanA meM mukhya aura gauNa rUpa se anavasthA doSa kA bhI nivAraNa kara diyA jAtA hai| arthAt jIvAdi padArthoM ko jAnane ke lie nirdezatva Adi karaNoM kI AvazyakatA hai, usI prakAra nirdeza Adi karaNoM ko jAnane ke lie dUsare karaNoM kI AvazyakatA hogI aura unako jAnane ke lie dUsare karaNoM kI / isa prakAra Agata anavasthA doSa kA bhI nirdeza Adika ko kathaMcit karaNatva aura kathaMcit karmatva mAnane se nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| Age Ane vAle karaNoM kI kalpanA nahIM karane para anavasthA doSa to nahIM hogA, parantu svAbhimata dharmoM ke bhI karaNatva nahIM ho, aisI zaMkA ko avakAza bhI nahIM rahegA arthAt nirdeza Adika ko padArthoM kA vizeSaNa mAna lene para anavasthA doSa bhI nahIM AtA hai aura dharma kAraNa nahIM hoMge yaha prazna bhI nahIM uTha sakatA hai ataH karmastha adhigama ke pakSa meM nirdeza Adika ko adhigama ke kAraNa na mAna kara padArtha ke vizeSaNa mAnane caahie| yaha bhI kisI kA kathana, AcArya kahate haiM, ThIka hai| .
Page #306
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 293 svAbhimatadharmANAmapi karaNatvaM mA bhUdityapi codyamAnamanavakAzyaM syAt / nanvevamaparAparavizeSaNakalpanAyAmapyanavasthA vizeSaNAMtararahitasya vA jIvAde: svAbhimatadharmavizeSaNaiH pratipattau tairapi rahitasya pratipattirastu vizeSAbhAvAditi cenna, vizeSyAt kathaMcidabhinnatvAdvizeSaNAnAM / vastuto'naMtA vidhayopi hi dharmA nirdezAdibhiH saMgRhItA vizeSaNAnyeva, tadvyatiriktasya dharmasyAsaMbhavAt / tatra jIvAdivastu vizeSyameva dravyArthAdezAt nirdezyatvAdi vizeSaNameva paryAyArthAt / pramANAdezAdapi vizeSaNavizeSyAtmakaM vastu jAtyaMtaramiti prarUpaNAyAM noktadoSAvakAzaH / nanvevaM nirdezAdidharmANAM karaNatvapakSepi na parAparadharmakaraNatvaparikalpanAdanavasthA tadvyatirekeNa parAparadharmANAmabhAvAtteSAM tu karaNatvaM tairadhigamyamAnasyArthasya karmatA nayAdezAt , pramANAdezAttu karmakaraNAtmakaM jAtyaMtaraM vastu prarUpyate iti na kiMcidavadyaM / naittsaadhiiyH| karaNatve nirdezAdInAM karmasAdhanatAnupapatteH vizeSaNatve tu tdupptteH| vizeSaNavizeSyabhUtasya jIvAdyarthasya karmasAdhanodhigamaH pratipattuM zaMkA : isa prakAra karaNa pakSa ke samAna vizeSaNa pakSa meM parApara vizeSaNa kI kalpanA karane para anavasthA doSa A sakatA hai arthAt uttarottara vizeSaNoM kI kalpanA kI AkAMkSA bar3hatI jaayegii| yadi vizeSaNAntaroM se rahita jIvAdika kI apane abhimata nirdeza Adi vizeSaNoM ke dvArA pratipatti (jJAna) honA mAnane para to nirdeza Adi vizeSaNoM se rahita jIvAdika kI pratipatti svIkAra karanI caahie| vizeSaNAntaroM meM aura nirdeza Adi vizeSaNoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| samAdhAna : aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki vizeSya se vizeSaNoM ko kathaMcit abhinna mAnA hai| vAstava meM vidhi (asti) rUpa ananta dharma nirdeza Adi ke dvArA hI gRhIta hote haiM, ve sarva vastu ke vizeSaNa hI haiN| (jaise jIva hai, dharma hai ityAdi sarva sattva svarUpa padArtha ke vizeSaNa hI haiN|) kyoMki vizeSaNa rahita vastudharma kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt vizeSa ke binA koI sAmAnya dharma rahatA hI nahIM hai ata: dravyArthika nayakI apekSA jIvAdi vastu vizeSa hai aura paryAyArthika naya kI vivakSA se nirdezyatvAdi jIvAdi vastu ke vizeSaNa haiM tathA dravya paryAyAtmaka vastu ko eka sAtha jAnane vAle pramANa vAkya kI apekSA vizeSya vizeSaNAtmaka (sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka) jAtyantara vastu hai ata: vaizeSika Adi ke dvArA kathita doSoM kA syAdvAda kathana meM avakAza nahIM ho sktaa| zaMkA : isa prakAra to nirdeza Adi dharmoM ko karaNatva mAnane para bhI uttarottara dharmoM ke karaNatva kI kalpanA se utpanna anavasthA doSa nahIM A sakatA kyoMki una nirdeza Adi karmoM se bhinna sthita para-apara (dUsare) dharmoM (karaNa) kA abhAva hai| una nirdeza AdikoM ko to karaNatva ke dvArA jJAta artha ko karmatva naya vivakSA se hai| yadi naya vivakSA ko gauNa kara pramANa apekSA se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai taba to karma aura karaNa svarUpa hokara tIsarI jAtyantara vastu kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, isameM anavasthA Adi koI doSa nahIM Ate haiN| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA zreSThatama nahIM hai kyoMki nirdeza AdikoM kA karaNatva mAna lene para karma sAdhanapanA nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi nirdeza Adi ko vizeSaNa mAna liyA jAtA hai to karmasAdhanatva ghaTita ho sakatA hai| isalie vizeSaNa vizeSyarUpa jIvAdi padArthoM kA karma sAdhana adhigama hotA hai arthAt nirdeza
Page #307
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 294 zakyata iti vizeSaNatvapakSa eva zreyAn / sakalavizeSaNarahitatvAdvastuno na saMbhavatyeva nirdizyamAnarUpamiti matamapAkurvannAha;bhAvA yena nirUpyaMte tadrUpaM nAsti tattvataH / tatsvarUpavaco mithyetyayuktaM niHpramANakam // 7 // yattadekamane ca rUpaM teSAM prtiiyte| pratyakSatonumAnAccAbAdhitAdAgamAdapi // 8 // ___ na hi pratyakSAnumeyAgamagamyamAnAnAmarthAnAM pratyakSAnumAnAgamairekamanekaM ca rUpaM parasparApekSaM na pratIyate parasparanirAkaraNapravaNasyaiva tsyaaprtiiteH| na cApratIyamAnasya sarvathaikAMtasyApyavasthitau pratIyamAnasyApi jAtyaMtarasyAvasthiti ma sveSTarUpasyApi tatprasaMgAt / tathA caikarUpAbhAvasya bhAveSvanavasthitau syAdevaikarUpasya vidhistadanavasthitau anekarUpasya parasparavyavacche darUpayorekatarapratiSedhonyatarasya vidheravazyaM bhAvAnnIlatvAnIlatvavat parasparavyavacchedasvabhAvau ekarUpabhAvAbhAvI pratIto, tadanenAnekarUpAbhAvasya Adi ko padArthoM kA vizeSaNa mAna lene para jIvAdika meM karma sAdhana ghaTita ho sakatA hai vA jIvAdika padArthoM meM karma sAdhana jAnanA zakya ho sakatA hai isalie sUtra kA artha karate samaya karaNa sAdhana (nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai) kI apekSA vizeSaNa nirdeza Adi se viziSTa jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai, yaha pakSa zreSTha hai| (jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra sArI vyavasthA sughaTa hai, ekAnta pakSa meM nhiiN|) sakala vizeSaNa rahita hone se vastu kA nirdeza (kathana) karanA saMbhava nahIM hai (kyoMki vastu avaktavya hai|) aisA kahane vAloM ke mata kA nirAkaraNa karate hue AcArya kahate haiM : bauddha kA kathana hai-jisa svarUpa ke dvArA vastu kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vAstava meM vaha vastu kA svarUpa nahIM hai isalie vastu ke svarUpa kA kathana karanA mithyA (asatya) hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki bauddha kA yaha kathana ayukta hai, aprAmANika hai, pramANasiddha nahIM hai kyoMki pratyakSa pramANa, anumAna pramANa aura abAdhita (nirdoSa) Agama pramANa se eka aura aneka svarUpa vastu kI pratIti hotI hai arthAt vastu aneka dharmAtmaka pratIta ho rahI hai||7-8|| pratyakSa, anumeya aura Agama gamya padArtha paraspara meM sApekSa eka aura aneka svarUpa pratyakSa jJAna, anumAna jJAna aura Agama jJAna ke dvArA pratIta nahIM hote haiM, aisA nahIM hai arthAt pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama pramANa ke dvArA eka aura aneka svarUpa vastu pratIta hotI hai apitu paraspara nirAkaraNa karane meM pravaNa (catura) eka aura aneka kI pRthak pratIti nahIM hotI hai arthAt sarvathA eka yA aneka rUpa nahIM hai| apratIyamAna sarvathA ekAnto kI vyavasthA na hone para pratIyamAna (pratIti meM Ane vAle) jAtyantara (ekAneka dharmAtmaka) vastu kI vyavasthA kaise nahIM ho sakatI arthAt ekAneka dharmAtmaka vastu kI vyavasthA siddha hai| anyathA (yadi aneka dharmAtmaka vastu svIkAra nahIM karate haiM to) sva iSTa (svalakSaNa, kSaNikatva Adika) kI bhI avyavasthA hone kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt kSaNikatva kI siddhi nahIM hotii| tathA ca-padArthoM meM eka rUpa ke abhAva kI vyavasthA na hone para eka rUpa bhAva kI vidhi avazya ho jAtI hai aura vastu ke eka rUpa ke sadbhAva kI vyavasthA na hone para aneka rUpa kI vidhi ho jAtI hai| paraspara eka dUsare ke vyavaccheda svarUpa do padArthoM meM se kisI eka kA niSedha karane para zeSa dUsare kI vidhi avazya ho jAtI hai| jaise koI bhI nIla aura anIla donoM se rahita nahIM ho sktaa| isI prakAra ekarUpa kA bhAva (vidhi) aura abhAva (niSedha) bhI paraspara vyavaccheda svabhAva vAle pratIta hote haiM isalie isa kathana se yaha bhI nirUpaNa kara diyA gayA hai ki jaba vastu ke aneka svarUpa ke
Page #308
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 295 bhAveSvanavasthitAvanekarUpasya vidhistadanavasthitAvekarUpasya niveditaH samAnatvAnyAyasya / nanu vAdhyakSe sakaladharmarahitasya svalakSaNasya pratibhAsanAt na tatraikamanekaM vA rUpaM parasparaM sApekSaM nirapekSa vA tadrahitatra vA pratibhAti kalpanAropitasya tu tathA pratibhAsanasya tattvatosattvAt / saMvRttyA tatsadbhAvobhISTa eva / tathA patadabhAvayoranekarUpatadabhAvayozcaikAnekarUpayoH parasparavyavacchedasvabhAvayorekatarasya pratiSedhe'nyatarasya vidheravazyaMbhAvepi na kiMcidviruddhaM, bhAvAbhAvobhayavyavahArasyAnAdizabdavikalpavAsanodbhUtavikalpapariniSThitasya zabdArthatayopagamAt / taduktaM / "anAdivAsanodbhUtavikalpapariniSThitaH / zabdArthastrividho dharmo bhAvAbhAvobhayAzrayaH // " iti kecit / tepi nAnavadyavacasaH / sukhanIlAdInAmapirUpANAM kalpitatvaprasaMgAt / spaSTamavabhAsamAnatvAnna teSAM kalpitatvamiti cenna, svapnAvabhAsibhiranekAMtAt / na hi caiSAmapi kalpitatvaM mAnasavibhramAtmanA svapnasyopagamAt tasya karaNajavibhramAtmanopagame vA kathamiMdriyajavibhramAttaddhAMteH pRthak abhAva kI siddhi na hone para aneka svabhAva kI siddhi hotI hai aura aneka svabhAva kI siddhi na hone para eka svabhAva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, yaha nyAya samAna hai arthAt ekAneka dharmAtmaka vastu anAyAsa siddha ho jAtI hai| zaMkA : pratyakSa jJAna meM sampUrNa dharmoM se rahita svalakSaNa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai| usa pratyakSa jJAna meM eka rUpa, aneka rUpa vA paraspara sApekSa vA nirapekSa aura sApekSa nirapekSa rahita vastu kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai kyoMki eka aneka Adi pratibhAsa kalpanA se Aropita hone se asat rUpa haiM, vAstavika nahIM haiM, ata: vyavahAra naya se kalpita ekatva anekatva kA saMvRtti se sadbhAva iSTa hai, vAstava meM nhiiN| isalie paraspara vyavacchedAtmaka eka svabhAva aura usakA abhAva, aneka rUpa aura usakA abhAva aura eka svarUpa aura aneka svarUpa meM kisI eka kA niSedha karane para zeSa dUsare kI vidhi karanA avazyaMbhAvI ho jAnA bhI kiMcit viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki bhAvAtmaka, abhAvAtmaka aura ubhayAtmaka vyavahAra to anAdi kAlIna zabda aura vikalpa jJAna kI vAsanAoM se utpanna vikalpoM meM sthita haiN| unake vyavahAra ko bauddha darzana meM zabda ke vAcyArtha se svIkAra kiyA hai, vAstavika rUpa se nhiiN| so hI bauddha grantha meM kahA hai-bhAva, abhAva aura ubhayAtmaka kA Azraya lekara kalpita tIna prakAra kA dharma hI zabda kA vAcyArtha hai, jo AtmA meM anAdi kAlIna mithyA saMskAra se utpanna vAsanA hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| . samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA yaha kathana bhI nirdoSa nahIM hai, arthAt zabda ke vAcyArtha ko bauddha vastubhUta nahIM mAnate haiM ataH unakA kathana nissAra hai, kyoMki vikalpa jJAna ko mithyA vAsanA mAnane para pratyakSa jJAna se jJAta aMtaraMga sukha, jJAna Adi aura bahiraMga nIla, pIta Adi svalakSaNoM ke bhI kalpitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| "spaSTa avabhAsa hone se sukhAdi aura nIlAdika ke kalpitatva nahIM hai" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para svapna pratibhAsita sukhAdi aura nIlAdi ke sAtha vyabhicAra AyegA arthAt svapna meM dRSTa nIlAdi padArthoM kA spaSTa pratibhAsa hai, parantu akalpita (vAstavika) nahIM hai, apitu kalpita hai ata: jo-jo akalpita hai unakA hI spaSTa pratibhAsa (nirvikalpa) hotA hai, kalpita kA
Page #309
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 296 prarUpaNaM na virudhyate / mAnasavibhramatvepi vizadatvaM svapnasya virudhyata iti cenna, vizadAkSajJAnavAsanAsadbhUtatvena tasya vaizadyasaMbhavAt / na ca tatra vizadarUpatayAvabhAsamAnAnAmapi sukhanIlAdInAM pAramArthikatvaM visNvaadaat| tadvajjAgraddazAyAmapi teSAmanAdIMdriyAdijajJAnavAsanodbhUtapratibhAsapariniSThitatvAtpratyakSA eva te na vastusvabhAvA iti zakyaM vktuN| bAdhakAbhAvAdvAstavAste iti cet, zabdArthAstathA saMtu / na cAbhAvasyApi zabdArthatvAtsarvazabdArthAnAmavAstavatvamiti yuktaM, bhaavaaNtrruuptvaadbhaavsy| nanu tucchAbhAvasyAzabdArthatve kathaM pratiSedho nAma nirviSayaprasaMgAditi cenna, vastusvabhAvasyAbhAvasya vidhAnAdeva tucchasvabhAvasya tasya nahIM, yaha hetu anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai, kyoMki svapna Adi meM kalpita kA bhI spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai tathA svapna meM anubhUta nIlAdi nirvikalpa jJAna kA viSaya bhI nahIM haiM-kyoMki saugata mata meM svapna ko manojanita vibhrama jJAna svIkAra kiyA hai| yadi usa svapna ko bahirindriyajanya vibhrama jJAna mAnA jAyegA to anyatra granthoM meM indriyajanya bhrAnti se usa svapna rUpa bhrama kA pRthak nirUpaNa karanA viruddha kaise nahIM hogA? arthAt bAhya padArthajanya bhrAnti aura svapna bhrAnti kA pRthak-pRthak nirUpaNa karane se paraspara virodha AtA svapna jJAna ko mAnasa vibhrama mAnane para svapna ke vizadatva kA virodha AtA hai arthAt jo bhrAnti rUpa jJAna haiM, ve spaSTa nahIM hote haiM, pratyakSa pramANa rUpa jJAna hI vizada hote haiN| bauddhoM kA isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki vizada indriya jJAna se nirmita vAsanA se utpanna svapna jJAna ke vizadatva saMbhava hai parantu svapna meM spaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita sukha Adi antaraMga padArtha aura nIlAdi bahiraMga padArthoM meM visaMvAda hotA hai ata: ve paramArthabhUta nahIM haiN| aisA kahane para svapna dazA ke samAna jAgrata avasthA meM bhI sukha, nIlAdika padArtha indriyajanya jJAna kI anAdikAlIna vAsanA se utpanna pratibhAsa meM sthita hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa viSaya to ho jAyeMge parantu vAstavika nahIM ho sakeMge, aisA jainAcArya bhI kaha sakate haiN| ___ yadi bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se jAgrata avasthA meM hone vAle sukha, nIla Adi padArtha vAstavika haiM to phira bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se zabda kA vAcya artha vAstavika kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt zabda kA vAcyArtha bhI vAstavika hai| aisA mAnanA pdd'egaa| __ abhAva bhI zabda kA vAcyArtha hai aura abhAva avAstavika hai ata: sabhI zabdoM kA vAcyArtha abhAva svarUpa hone se avAstavika hai aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki abhAva bhI bhAvAntara svarUpa hai arthAt abhAva bhI bhAva svarUpa hai| jaise gAya kA abhAva mahiSI Adi hai| tuccha nirupAkhya abhAva koI padArtha nahIM hai| zaMkA : tucchAbhAva ko yadi zabda kA vAcyArtha nahIM mAnA jAyegA to usa tucchAbhAva kA niSedha kaise hogA ? tathA niSedha ke bhI nirviSayatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki vastu svarUpa ke abhAva kA vidhAna karane para tucchAbhAva rUpa abhAva kA niSedha svayameva siddha ho jAtA hai| jaise anekAnta kI siddhi ho jAne para
Page #310
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 297 pratiSedhasiddheH kvacidanekAMtavidhAnAt / sarvathaikAMtapratiSedhasiddhivat tathA tasya mukhyaH pratiSedho na syAditi cenna kiMcidaniSTaM, na hi sarvasya mukhyenaiva pratiSedhena bhavitavyaM gauNena veti niyamosti yathApratItasyopagamAt / nanu gauNepi pratiSedhe tucchAbhAvasya zabdArthatvasiddhirgamyamAnasya zabdArthatvAvirodhAt sarvathaikAMtavaditi cenna, tasyAgamyamAnatvAttadvat / yathaiva hi vastunonekAMtAtmakatvavidhAnAt sarvathaikAMtAbhAvo gamyate na sarvathaikAMtastathA vasturUpasyAbhAvasya vidhAnAttucchAbhAvasyAbhAvo na tu sa gamyamAnaH / nanu tucchAbhAvasyAbhAvagatau tasya gatiravazyaMbhAvinI pratiSedhyanAMtarIyakatvAt pratiSedhasyeti cenna, vyAghAtAt / tucchAbhAvasyAbhAvazca kutazcidgamyate bhAvazceti ko hi brUyAtsvasthaH / nanu vasturUpasyAbhAvasya vidhAnAttucchAbhAvasyAbhAvagatistadgatestasya gatistato (anekAnta kA vidhAna karane para) sarvathA ekAnta kA niSedha svayameva ho jAtA hai| aisA hone para tucchAbhAva kA mukhya rUpa se niSedha nahIM hotA hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki yaha kathana syAdvAda meM aniSTa nahIM hai| sarva niSedha mukhya rUpa se hI honA cAhie yA gauNa rUpa se hI honA cAhie, aisA niyama nahIM hai| kyoMki jisa niSedha kI mukhya yA gauNa rUpa se pratIti hotI hai, vaisA hI mAna liyA jAtA hai| zaMkA : tucchAbhAva kA gauNa rUpa se niSedha karane para bhI zabda kA vAcyArtha siddha ho jAtA hai kyoMki zabda ke dvArA kathita padArtha ke samAna zabda ke dvArA gamyamAna padArtha ko bhI zabda kA vAcyArthapanA prApta hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai jaise sarvathA ekAnta ko zabda kA vAcyArtha mAnane meM virodha nahIM hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise sarvathA ekAnta, zabda ke dvArA jAnane yogya nahIM hai vaise hI tucchAbhAva, zabda ke dvArA gamyamAna nahIM hai kyoMki jisa prakAra aneka dharmAtmaka vastu kA kathana karane para sarvathA ekAnta kA abhAva jAna liyA jAtA hai, sarvathA ekAnta kA astitva nahIM jAnA jAtA hai, apitu sarvathA ekAnta kA niSedha hotA hai| usI prakAra vastutva rUpa ke abhAva kI vidhi hone para tucchAbhAva rUpa abhAva kA abhAva siddha ho hI jAtA hai, parantu tucchAbhAva kA abhAva to kaise bhI gamyamAna nahIM hotA hai, jAnA nahIM jAtA hai arthAt jaise sarvathA ekAnta prameyatva dharma se rahita hai vaise hI tucchAbhAva prameyatva dharma se rahita hai, jJAna ke dvArA gamya nahIM hai kyoMki vaha prameya nahIM hai aura jo prameya nahIM hotA vaha jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hotaa| . - zaMkA : tucchAbhAva ke abhAva kA jJAna karane para tucchAbhAva kI gati (jJAna) avazyaMbhAvI hai, kyoMki niSedhya (niSedha karane yogya) padArtha ke sAtha rahatA hai, arthAt abhAva kA niSedha taba hI ho sakatA hai jabaki niSedhya (jisakA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai usa abhAva padArtha) kA astitva hotA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai arthAt jisakA astitva hai usakA niSedha kaise ho sakatA hai, kisI kAraNa se tucchAbhAva ko abhAva rUpa kathana karane vAlA aura tucchAbhAva kI sattA kA bhI kathana karane vAlA svastha kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt tucchAbhAva sarvathA abhAvarUpa hI hai aura zabda kA viSaya hone se sattva rUpa bhI hai aisA kahane vAlA jJAnI nahIM ho sakatA ?
Page #311
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 298 na vyAghAto nAma, yata eva hi tasyAbhAvagatistata eva bhAvasyApi gatau vyAghAto nAnyatheti cenna, sAmastyena tasyAbhAvagatau punarbhAvagateAhateravasthAnAt / pratiniyatadezAditayA tu kasyacidabhAvagatAvapi na bhAvagatirvihanyAta iti yuktaM / kathamidAnI "saMjJinaH pratiSedho na pratiSedhyAdRte kvacit' iti mataM na virudhyate? tucchAbhAvasya pratiSedhyasyAbhAvepi pratiSedhasiddheranyathA tasya zabdArthatApatteriti cenna, saMjJinaH samyagjJAnavataH pratiSedhyAdRte na kvacidaMtatarbahirvA pratiSedha iti vyAkhyAnAttadavirodhAt / sakalapramANAviSayasya tucchAbhAvasya pratiSedhaH svayamanubhUtasakalapramANAviSayatvena tadanuvadanameveti syAtpratiSedhAdRte pratiSedhaH syAnetyanekAMtavAdinAmavirodhaH zaMkA : vastu svarUpa ke abhAva kA vidhAna karane se hI tucchAbhAva ke abhAva kI jJapti ho jAtI hai aura tucchAbhAva ke abhAva ke jJAna se tucchAbhAva kI jJapti ho jAtI hai| isalie isameM vyAghAta doSa nahIM AtA hai| jisa rUpa se usa tucchAbhAva ke abhAva kI jJapti hotI hai usI rUpa se tucchAbhAva ke bhAva kI jJapti mAna lI jAtI hai taba to vyAghAta doSa avazya AtA hai parantu anyathA mAnane se vyAghAta doSa nahIM AtA samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sampUrNa rUpa se tucchAbhAva abhAva rUpa hI jAnA jAtA hai, to phira tucchAbhAva ke bhAva kI jJapti karane se vyAghAta doSa vaise kA vaisA hI raha jAtA hai| pratiniyata dezakAla Adi kI apekSA se kisI ke abhAva kI jJapti ho jAne para bhI punaH kisI anya dezakAla Adi aura anya avasthA meM usake bhAva kA jJAna kara lene meM vyAghAta doSa nahIM AtA hai, yaha kathana ThIka hai| arthAt kisI deza kAla meM abhAva mAnanA aura kisI deza Adi meM unakA sadbhAva mAnanA vyAghAta doSa se yukta nahIM hai apitu sarvathA abhAva rUpa tucchAbhAva ko sadbhAva rUpa mAnanA vyAghAta doSa se yukta hai| . kisI kA prazna hai-"pratiSedha karane yogya padArtha binA saMjJA (nAma) vAle kA kahIM bhI niSedha nahIM hotA hai" yaha jainAcAryoM kA kathana viruddha kyoM nahIM hogA, arthAt tucchAbhAva ke nahIM hone para tucchAbhAva kA niSedha karane para jainAcAryoM ke svavacana se yaha bAdhita hogA ki jo prameya nahIM hai usakA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, anyathA (tucchAbhAva ko niSedhya mAnakara yadi niSedha kiyA jAyegA to) vAcaka saMjJA vAle tucchAbhAva ko zabda ke vAcya artha kA prasaMga aayegaa| jainAcArya uttara dete haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki "saMjJinaH pratiSedho na pratiSedhyAdRte kvacit" isa kArikA kA artha samantabhadrAcArya ne isa prakAra kiyA hai "saMjJinaH arthAt samIcIna jJAna vAle niSedhya ke binA kahIM bhI aMtaraMga vA bahiraMga padArtha kA niSedha nahIM hotA hai" aisA vyAkhyAna karane se AcAryoM ke kathana se hamAre kathana meM aura hamAre kathana se AcArya deva ke kathana meM virodha nahIM AtA hai| bhAvArtha : sarvathA ekAnta ke samAna tucchAbhAva samyag jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai ataH niSedhya ke binA bhI usakA niSedha kiyA jA sakatA hai| sakala pramANoM ke aviSayabhUta tucchAbhAva kA niSedha svayaM anubhUta sampUrNa pramANoM kA viSaya na hone se kevala anuvadana karanA mAtra hai arthAt tucchAbhAva kisI bhI pramANa kA viSaya nahIM hai, aisA kathana karake
Page #312
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 299 pramANavRttAMtavAdaparatvAttaSAM / na hi yathA jIvAdivastu pratiniyatadezAditayA vidyamAnameva dezAMtarAditayA nAstIti pramANamupadarzayati tathA tucchAbhAvaM tasya bhAvarUpatvaprasaMgAt / sarvatra sarvadA sarvathA vasturUpamevAbhAvaM tadupadarzayati tathA tucchAbhAvAbhAvamupadarzayatIti tadvacane dossaabhaavH| nanvevaM tucchAbhAvasadRzasyAnarthakatve prayogo na yuktotiprasaMgAt, prayoge punararthaH kazcidvaktavyaH sa ca bahirbhUto nAstyeva ca kalpanArUDhastvanyavyavaccheda evoktaH syAttadvatsarvazabdAnAmanyApohaviSayatve siddherna vAstavAH zabdArthA iti cet naitadapi sAraM, usakA niSadha kara diyA jAtA hai ataH kathaMcit pratiSedhya ke binA bhI pratiSedha kara diyA jAtA hai aura kathaMcit pratiSedhya ke binA pratiSedha nahIM bhI hotA hai ataH anekAntavAdiyoM ke kathana meM virodha nahIM AtA hai kyoMki una anekAntaMvAdiyoM ke dvArA pramANa siddha vRttAnta kA anuvadana (kathana) kiyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra pramANa (anekAntavAda yA samyagjJAna) pratiniyata deza, kAla kI apekSA (svacatuSTaya kI apekSA) vidyamAna jIvAdi padArthoM kA paracatuSTaya kI apekSA nAstitva dikhalAtA hai| (svacatuSTaya kI apekSA jIvAdi padArtha asti rUpa hai aura paracatuSTaya kI apekSA nAsti hai, aisA samyagjJAna kathana karatA hai) usI prakAra yadi samyagjJAna svacatuSTaya aura para catuSTaya kI apekSA tucchAbhAva ke astitva aura nAstitva kA kathana karegA to jIvAdika ke samAna kathaMcit tucchAbhAva ke bhI bhAvatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| __samyagjJAna sarvatra sarvakAla meM aura sabhI prakAra se vastusvarUpa abhAva ko hI dikhAtA (kahatA) hai aura tucchAbhAva ke bhI usI prakAra vastusvarUpa abhAva ko kahatA hai| isa prakAra usake kathana karane meM koI doSa nahIM AtA hai arthAt tucchAbhAva koI padArtha nahIM hai| jaise bandhyA kA putra koI vastu nahIM hai| ___ zaMkA : isa prakAra tucchAbhAva zabda ko vyartha mAnane para to zabda kA prayoga karanA hI yukta nahIM hai arthAt tucchAbhAva ke sadRza koI padArtha hI nahIM hai-to 'tucchAbhAva' isa zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai| anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt nirarthaka zabdoM kA prayoga karanA bhI Avazyaka ho jAyegA tathA tucchAbhAva kA vacana prayoga karane para phira usakA koI vAcya artha bhI kahanA par3egA parantu tucchAbhAva kA vAcyArtha ghaTa, paTa Adi ke samAna bahiraMga vastubhUta artha hotA nahIM hai arthAt jaise ghaTa Adi zabda vAcyArtha vAstavika vastu nahIM hai vaise tucchAbhAva bhI vAstava artha nahIM hai kevala kalpanA ropita anya vyavaccheda hI tuccha padArtha abhAva zabda se kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra usa abhAva zabda ke samAna sabhI zabdoM kA anyApoha rUpa artha kA viSaya karanA siddha ho jAne para sabhI zabdoM ke vAcyArtha vAstavika siddha nahIM hote haiM apitu kAlpanika siddha hote haiN|
Page #313
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 300 abhAvazabdasyAbhAvasAmAnyaviSayatvAttasya vivAdApannatvAt / sarvo hi kimayamabhAvo vastudharma: kiM vA tuccha iti pratipadyatena nAstIti pratyayArtho'bhAvamAtre / tatra ca vastudharmatAmabhAvasyAcakSANA: syAdvAdinaH kathamabhAvazabdaM kalpitArthaM svIkuryuH? svayaM tuccharUpatAM tu tasya nirAkurvaMtaH parairAropitAmAzaMkitAM vAnuvadatItyuktaprAyaM / na cAtyaMtAsaMbhavino rUpasya vastunyAropitasya kenacidAzaMkitasya cAtucchAde: sarvazabdAnAmanyavyavacchedaviSayatvaprasaMjanaM prAyaH pratItivirodhAt / kathamanyathA kasyacitpratyakSasya nIlaviSayatve sarvapratyakSANAM nIlaviSayatvaprasaMjanaM nAnujJAyate sarvathA vizeSAbhAvAt / atha yatra pratyakSe nIlaM pratibhAsate nirbAdhAttannIlaviSayaM yatra pItAdi tattadviSayamityanugamyate tarhi yatra zAbde jJAne vasturUpamakalpitamAbhAti tadvasturUpaviSayaM yaMtra tu kalpanAropitarUpaM tattadgocaramityuktaM / tataH zabdArthAnAM bhAvAbhAvobhayadharmANAmabhAvAdivAsanodita samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA yaha kathana sArabhUta nahIM hai kyoMki 'abhAva' zabda kA abhAva sAmAnya hai aura sAmAnya vivAda meM par3A huA hai| yahA~ vicArAtmaka prazna hai ki vivAda meM par3A huA sarva hI abhAva zabda kyA vastu kA dharma hai? athavA tuccha svabhAva hai ? abhAva kA artha 'nahIM' nahIM hai, ityAdi abhAva sAmAnya meM artha prApta hotA hai arthAt abhAva kA artha sAmAnya abhAva hai| isalie yahA~ abhAva ko vastu dharma kahane vAle syAdvAdI abhAva zabda ko kalpita artha vAlA kaise svIkAra kara sakate haiM, arthAt nahIM kara skte| syAdvAdI to svayaM usa tuccharUpatA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue para (vaizeSika) ke dvArA Aropita yA mImAMsaka ke dvArA zaMkA kA viSayabhUta tucchAbhAva kA anuvadana karate haiM, usakA kathana mAtra karate haiN| isakA pUrva meM vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA gayA hai| tathA atyanta asaMbhavI (atyantAbhAvAtmaka) kintu khaNDana karane ke dvArA vastu meM Aropita tucchAbhAva Adi ke vAcaka sarva zabdoM ko anyApoha artha ke viSayatva kA prasaMga denA pratIti viruddha hai, anyathA kisI bhI pratyakSa jJAna kA nIlatva ko viSaya karane vAlA hone para rakta pIta Adi kA viSaya karane vAle sabhI pratyakSa ke nIlatva ke grahaNa karane kA prasaMga kyoM nahIM AvegA, apitu nIlatva ke grahaNa karane kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki inameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| yadi jisa pratyakSa meM nIla kA pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha nirbAdhatA se nIla kA viSaya karane vAlA hI pratyakSa hai aura jisa pratyakSa meM pIta, rakta Adi padArtha bAdhA rahita pratibhAsita hote haiM vaha pItAdi kA viSaya karane vAlA pratyakSa hai, aisA mAnate ho to, jisa zabdajanya jJAna meM akalpita paramArthabhUta vastusvarUpa pratibhAsita hotA hai, vaha zabdajJAna vastubhUta padArtha kA viSaya karane vAlA hai parantu jisa zabdajJAna meM kalpanA meM Aropita avastubhUta padArtha pratibhAsita hote haiM vaha zabdajJAna avastubhUta padArtha kA viSaya karane vAlA hai, aisA mAnanA cAhie jisakA kathana pUrva meM kara diyA gayA hai| isalie zabda ke vAcyArtha bhAva, abhAva
Page #314
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 301 vikalpapariniSThitatve pratyakSArthAnAmapi tatsyAt teSAM baadhkaabhaavaat| pAramArthikatve vA tata eva zabdArthAnAmapi tadbhavediti na prtipaaditvirodhaabhaavH| yadapyuktaM pratyakSe sakaladharmarahitasya svalakSaNasya pratibhAsanAnna tatraikamanekaM vA rUpaM vA parasparasApekSaM vA nirapekSaM vA tadrahitaM vA prtibhaatiiti| tadapi mohavilasitameva, anekAMtAtmakavastupratIterapahnavAt / ko hi mahAmohaviDaMbita: pratibhAsamAnamAbAlamabAdhitamekamanekAkAraM vastu pratyakSaviSayatayAnAdRtya kathamapyapratibhAsamAnaM brahmatattvamiva svalakSaNaM tathA AcakSIta ? atiprasaMgAt tathAnumAnAdAgamAcca bhAvasyaikAnekarUpaviziSTasya pratIyamAnatvAnna "bhAvA yena nirUpyate tadrUpaM nAsti tattvataH" iti vacanaM ni:pramANakamevorarIkArya, yataH svarUpavacanaM sUtre mithyA syAt / yathA ca pratyakSamanumAnamAgamo aura ubhaya dharmoM kA tathA ina dharmoM sa yukta dharmiyoM kA yadi anAdikAlIna bhAva, abhAva Adi kI vAsanA se utpanna hue vikalpa jJAna dvArA sthita honA (managaDhanta) mAnA jAtA hai, to pratyakSa jJAna ke viSayabhUta arthoM ko bhI asatya vikalpoM ke dvArA nirmita mAnanA par3egA arthAt pratyakSa dvArA jJAta padArtha bhI vastubhUta nahIM hoNge| yadi bauddha kahe ki.pratyakSa padArtha vastubhUta haiM isameM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai to usI prakAra bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se zabda kA vAcyArtha bhI vAstavika hogA arthAt pratyakSa jJAna ke viSayabhUta padArtha ko pAramArthika mAnane para zabda ke vAcyArtha ko bhI pAramArthika mAnanA caahie| isa prakAra zabda kA vAcyArtha siddha ho jAne para bauddhoM kI apanI kahI gayI 'anAdivAsanodbhUta' isa kArikA se virodha huaa| bauddha idhara to zabda kA vAcyArtha nahIM mAnate haiM aura udhara aneka granthoM yA vaktAoM dvArA svakIya tattva kA pratipAdana karAte haiN| isa prakAra ke pratipAdana se apanA hI virodha huaa| isa virodha doSa kA abhAva bauddha nahIM kara sakate haiN| tathA bauddha mata meM jo yaha kahA huA hai ki-pratyakSa meM sakala dharma rahita kore svalakSaNa kA pratibhAsa hotA hai ata: usameM ekarUpa, anekarUpa, paraspara sApekSa, paraspara nirapekSa, vA donoM se rahita, kucha bhI svarUpa pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-isa prakAra kahanA kevala moha kA vilAsa hai| kyoMki yaha kathana aneka dharmAtmaka vastu kI pratIti kA lopa karane vAlA hai| moha kI viDambanA se yukta koI puruSa hI "bAlagopAla (sabhI logoM) taka bAdhA rahita pratibhAsamAna, eka-aneka AkAra vAlI, vastu pratyakSa viSaya kA anAdara karake kisI bhI prakAra se dRSTigocara na hone vAle (pratibhAsita nahIM hone vAle) brahmAdvaita ke samAna, bauddha ke dvArA abhimata svalakSaNa ko sarva dharmoM se rahita kahatA hai arthAt mohI ajJAnI mithyAdRSTi hI anubhava meM Ane vAlI anekAntAtmaka vastu ko chor3akara ekAntavAdI bauddha dvArA kathita vastu kA vizvAsa karatA hai, samyagdRSTi nhiiN| yadi pramANa prasiddha padArthoM kA tiraskAra karake pramANa se bAdhita padArthoM kI kalpanA kI jAyegI to atiprasaMga doSa aayegaa| sAMkhya, naiyAyika Adi sabhI ke dvArA svIkRta padArthoM ko satya mAnanA pdd'egaa| tathA-anumAna aura Agama pramANa se eka aura aneka dharma se viziSTa vasta ke pratIyamAna ho jAne se bhI "padArtha jisa svarUpa se kahA jAtA hai, vAstava meM usakA vaha svarUpa nahIM hai" yaha bauddha kA vacana aprAmANika hai ataH svIkAra nahIM karanA cAhie jisase ki sUtrakAra kA nirdeza Adi sUtra' meM nirdeza zabda se svarUpa kA kathana karanA mithyA ho sakatA ho arthAt bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta svarUpa rahita avyakta tattva siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai|
Page #315
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 302 . vAnekAMtAtmakaM vastu prakAzayati svanirNItAbAdhaM tathAgre prpNcyissyte| kiM caniHzeSadharmanairAtmyaM svarUpaM vastuno yadi / tadA na niHsvarUpatvamanyathA dharmayuktatA // 9 // tattvaM sakaladharmarahitatvamakalpanAropitaM pratyakSataH sphuTamavabhAsamAnaM vastunaH svarUpameva, tena tasya na niHsvarUpatvamitISTasiddhaM / kalpanAropitaM tu tanna vastunaH svarUpamAcakSmahe / na ca kalpitaniHzeSadharmanairAtmyasyAtmasvarUpatve vastuno niHzeSadharmayuktatAniSTA, kalpitasakaladharmayuktasya tasyeSTatvAt / vastukRtAkhiladharmasahitatA tu na zakyApAdayituM tayA vastuni kalpitani:zeSadharmanairAtmyasvarUpatvasyAvinAbhAvAt tAmaMtareNApi tasyopapatteriti kecit| te'pi mhaamohaabhibhuutmnsH| svayaM vastubhUta sakaladharmAtmakatAyAH svIkaraNepi tdsNbhvaabhidhaanaat| jisa prakAra pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama pramANa anekAtmaka vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai yaha sunirNIta hai nizcita hai, bAdhArahita hai, usakA kathana Age vistArapUrvaka kreNge| kiM ca-yadi vastu kA svarUpa ni:zeSa dharmoM se rahita hai taba to vastu ke svarUpa rahitatA nahIM hai, apitu dharma rahitatA hai anyathA (yadi dharmarahitatva vastu kA svarUpa nahIM mAnate haiM to) sulabhatA se dharmayuktatA siddha ho jAtI hai||9|| bauddha kA kathana-kalpanA jJAna se anAropita, nirvikalpa pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA vizada avabhAsita aura sakala dharmoM se rahita-panA hI vAstavika, vastu kA svarUpa hai isalie vastu kA svarUpa rahitapanA nahIM hai isa prakAra iSTa kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt vastu dharmarahita hai, svabhAva rahita nahIM hai| bauddha mata meM vastu kA svabhAva aura dharma bhinna-bhinna mAnA gayA hai ata: unakA kathana hai ki nityAdi vastu ke dharma kalpanA se Aropita haiM, yaha vastu kA svabhAva nahIM isalie nirvikalpasvabhAva se rahita vastu nahIM hai apitu kalpanAropita nityAdi dharmoM se rahita vastu hai| bauddha darzana meM kalpanA se Aropita vastu kA svarUpa nahIM mAnA hai| vastu kA svarUpa kalpanA se Aropita hai, aisA hama nahIM kaha rahe haiN| tathA kalpita ni:zeSa dharmoM se rahita vastu kA svarUpa mAna lene para sampUrNa dharmoM se yuktatA bhI hamako aniSTa nahIM hai kyoMki kalpita sakala dharmayukta vastu ke iSTatva hai arthAt bauddha darzana meM kalpita dharmayukta vastu ko mAnA hI haiN| usa kalpita dharmayukta vastu ke dvArA vastubhUta akhila(sampUrNa) dharma sahitatA dUra karanA zakya nahIM hai| kyoMki vastu meM kalpita sampUrNa dharmoM kA rahitapanasvarUpa kA usa vastubhUta akhila dharmoM se sahitatva ke sAtha avinAbhAva kA abhAva hai| arthAt jahA~ kalpita dharmoM kA abhAva hai vahA~ vAstavika dharma Thahara nahIM sakate haiM, aisA niyama nahIM hai ata: vastu meM kalpita dharmoM kA sadbhAva hone se vAstavika dharmoM kA abhAva svayameva siddha ho jAtA hai| sampUrNa vAstavika dharma ke binA bhI vastu meM kalpita dharmoM kI upapatti (siddhi) ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra koI kahatA hai| jainAcArya isakA prativAda karate haiM-isa prakAra vastu ke svarUpa kA kathana karane vAle bauddha bhI mahAmoha se abhibhUta manavAle haiN| kyoMki svayaM vastu kI paramArthabhUta sakala dharmoM ke sAtha tadAtmakatA ko svIkAra karake bhI usako asaMbhava kahate haiN| arthAt vastu ke dharma ko vAstavika svIkAra karake bhI niSedha 1. vaibhASika bauddh|
Page #316
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 303 kalpitAkhiladharmarahitatvaM hi vastunaH svarUpaM bruvANena vastubhUtasakaladharmasahitatA svIkRtaiva tasya tannAMtarIyakatvAt / kalpanApoDhaM pratyakSamityatra kalpanAkArahitatvasya vastubhUtAkAranAMtarIyakatvena pratyakSe tadvacanAttatsiddhivat tathA kalpanAkArarahitatvasya vacanAdvastubhUtAkArasiddhirna pratyakSe svIkRtaiveti cet , tatkimidAnIM sakalAkArarahitatvamastu tasya saMvidAkAramAtratvAttattvatastathApi neti cet kathaM na vastubhUtAkArasiddhiH / na hi saMvidAkAro vastubhUto na bhavati saMvidadvaitasyApyabhAvaprasaMgAt / tataH kalpitatvena niHzeSadharmANAM nairAtmyaM yadi vastunaH svarUpaM tadA svarUpasaMsiddhiH yasmAdanyathA vastubhUtatvenAkhiladharmayuktatA tasya siddheti vyAkhyA preyasI / athavA vastubhUtaniHzeSadharmANAM nairAtmyaM vastuno yadi svarUpaM tadA tasya karate haiM tathA kalpita sampUrNa dharmoM se rahita vastu ke svarUpa ko kahane vAle bauddha vastubhUta sakala dharma sahitatA svayaM svIkAra karate hI haiM kyoMki kalpita dharma rahitatA vAstavika dharma sahitatA ke sAtha vyApti rakhatI hai ataH kalpita dharma rahitatA aura vAstavika dharma sahitatA meM koI antara nahIM hai| "pratyakSa jJAna kalpanA rahita hai" isa prakAra pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM kalpanA rUpa AkAroM se rahitatva kA vastubhUta AkAroM ke sAtha anAntarIyakatva (avinAbhAvAtma) hone se pratyakSa jJAna meM kalpanApor3ha zabda se jaise una kalpanA rUpa AkAroM kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, vaise hI kalpanA dharma rahitatva kahane se vastu meM vAstavika dharma kA sahitapanA siddha ho hI jAtA hai| (jaise isa manuSya kI A~khaM nakalI nahIM hai arthAt asalI hai yaha siddha ho jAtA hai|) .. tathA isa prakAra kalpanAkAra rahitatva ke vacana (kathana) se pratyakSa jJAna meM vastubhUta AkAra ko siddha svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-kyA bauddha pratyakSa jJAna ko sampUrNa AkAroM se rahita mAnate haiM ? bauddha pratyakSa ko kevala saMvitti (jJAna) AkAra mAtra hI mAnate haiN| ata: vAstavika AkAra siddha nahIM hai, to usake vastubhUta AkAra kI siddhi kaise nahIM ho sktii| arthAt jaba jJAna meM AkAra rahitapanA nahIM hai to kalpanA rUpa sAkArapanA svata: siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki saMvitti sAkAra hai vaha vastubhUta hai to jJAna meM pratibimbita hone vAle padArtha vAstavika sAkAra kyoM nahIM haiM ? avazya haiN| - tathA saMvidAkAra vastubhUta nahIM hai, aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie kyoMki yadi jJAna meM AkAra vastubhUta nahIM mAne jAyeMge to saMvid advaita ke bhI abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi kalpita hone ke kAraNa sampUrNa dharmoM ke nirAtmaka (rahita) vastu kA svarUpa mAnA jAyegA to vastu kA kucha na kucha svarUpa to siddha ho jaayegaa| kyoMki anyathA (dharma rahitatva vastu kA svarUpa nahIM mAnane para) vastubhUtatva hone ke kAraNa usa vastu ko sampUrNa dharmoM se sahitatva svata: siddha hai, yaha vyAkhyA hI zreyaskarI hai, atipriya hai arthAt jJAna meM pratibimbita sAkAra aura savikalpa jJAna hI satya hai| yaha siddhAnta anubhavabhUta hone se zreSTha hai|
Page #317
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 304 svarUpasaMsiddhistatsvarUpasyAnirAkaraNAt / anyathA tasya pararUpatvaprakAreNa tu saiva vastubhUtadharmayuktatA vAstavAkhiladharmAbhAvasya vastunaH parabhAve tAdRzasakaladharmAsadbhAvasya svAtmabhUtatvaprasiddharanyathA tdnupptteH| athavA kalpitAnAM vastubhUtAnAM ca ni:zeSadharmANAM nairAtmyaM vastunaH svarUpaM yadi tadA tasya svarUpasaMsiddhiranyathA kalpitAkalpitasakaladharmayuktatA tasyeti vyAkhyeyaM sAmAnyena ni:zeSadharmavacanAt / vyAghAtazcAsmin pakSe nAzaMkanIyaH kalpitAnAM vastubhUtAnAM ca dharmANAM vastuni yathApramANopapannatvAt / tato yatsakaladharmarahitaM tanna vastu yathA puruSAdyadvaitaM tathA ca kSaNikatvalakSaNamiti jIvAdivastunaH svadharmasiddhiH sakaladharmarahitena athavA vastubhUta sampUrNa dharmoM se rahitapanA vastu kA dharma hai taba to vastu kA svarUpa siddha ho hI jAtA hai kyoMki vastu ke svarUpa kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hai arthAt dharma rahita vA dharma sahita vastu to siddha ho tI hai| anyathA (yadi dharma rahitatva vasta kA svarUpa nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) usa dharma rahitatva kA pararUpatva prakAra se vahI vAstavika dharmoM se yaktapanA siddha ho jAtA hai kyoMki vastabhata akhila dharmoM ke abhAva ko vastu kA svabhAva na mAnakara parabhAva mAnA jAtA hai to vaise vAstavika sakala dharmoM ke sadbhAva kA svAtmabhUtapanA prasiddha ho hI jAtA hai, anyathA (dharma sahitatva ko svAtmabhUta mAne binA) dharma rahitatva kA parabhAvapanA bana nahIM sktaa| athavA kalpita aura vAstavika sampUrNa dharmoM kA rahitapanA vastu kA svarUpa mAnate haiM to usa vastu ke svarUpa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai arthAt kalpanA ke nirAkaraNa se hI vastu kA svarUpa siddha ho jAtA hai anyathA (donoM prakAra ke dharmoM se rahitapane ko vastu kA svarUpa na mAneMge to) kalpita aura akalpita dharmoM se yuktatA usa vastu ko prApta ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra vyAkhyAna karanA caahie| vastu ni:zeSa dharmoM se rahita hai, yaha sAmAnya kathana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya pakSa ke anusAra vyAghAta doSa kI bhI AzaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki vastu meM kalpita (asti-nAsti, nitya-anitya ityAdi saptabhaMgI ke viSayabhUta) dharmoM kA aura vastubhUta (dravyatva, vastutva, sukha, duHkha, pudgala ke rUpa, rasa ityAdi) dharmoM ke pramANa kA ullaMghana na karake siddhi ho jAtI hai, arthAt vastu meM asti Adi kalpita dharma aura dravyatva Adi vastubhUta dharma pramANasiddha haiM kyoMki jo sampUrNa dharma se rahita hai, vaha vastu nahIM hai jaise puruSAdvaita, zabdAdvaita Adi vastubhUta nahIM haiM usI prakAra bauddha mata meM svIkRta kSaNikatva svalakSaNa bhI sampUrNa dharmoM se rahita hai ata: vastubhUta nahIM hai| isa prakAra vyatireka vyApti ke dvArA jIva, pudgala, dharma Adi vastu ke svadharma kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt kalpita dharma bhI vAstavika haiN| vastu ke aMga haiM, asatya nahIM haiM apitu satya haiN| koI prativAdI doSa de rahA hai ki jo sakala dharma se rahita hai vaha vastu nahIM hai| isa vyApti meM eka dharma se vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai arthAt eka astitva nAmaka dharma anya dharmoM se rahita hai| kyoMki guNa meM dUsare guNa nahIM rahate haiN| svabhAva meM dUsarA svabhAva, paryAya meM anya paryAya nahIM rahatI hai| guNa nirguNa haiM, paryAya ni:paryAya hai| yahA~ niSedhavAcaka 'nir' kA artha anyonyAbhAva nahIM apitu atyantAbhAva hai| ataH sAdhya
Page #318
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 305. dharmeNAnekAMtastasya vastutvAditi cenna, vastvaMzatvena tasya prarUpitatvAt vastutvAsiddheH / anyathA vastvanavasthAnAnuSaMgAt / tadevaM sarvathA vastuni svarUpasya nirAkartumazakteH sUktaM nirdezyamAnatvamadhigamyaM / na kazcitkasyacitsvAmI sNbNdhaabhaavtoNjsaa| pArataMtryavihInatvAt siddhasyetyapare viduH||10|| ___ saMbaMdho hi na tAvadasiddhayoH svasvAminoH zazAzvaviSANavat , nApi siddhAsiddhayostat vaMdhyAputravat / siddhayostu pArataMtryAbhAvAdevAsaMbaMdha eva anyathAtiprasaMgAt / kenacidrUpeNa siddhasyAsiddhasya ca pArataMtrye siddhe parataMtrasaMbaMdha ityapi mithyA, pakSadvayabhAvidoSAnuSaMgAt / na caikasya niSpannAniSpanne rUpe staH pratIghAtAt / tanna (sakala dharma se rahita vastu nahIM hai, sAdhya) ke nahIM rahane para bhI (vastutvAt) isa hetu ke raha jAne se eka astitvAdi dharma ke sAtha vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai| aisA bauddha kA kathana ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dharma ko vastu ke aMgarUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA hai arthAt dharma vastu nahIM, apitu vastu kA aMza hai ata: dharma meM vastutva kI asiddhi hai isalie vastutva hetu nahIM hai aura sakala dharmapanA sAdhya bhI nahIM hai, ataH koI doSa nahIM hai anyathA (yadi eka dharma ko bhI anya dharmoM se sahita kara vastutva mAnA jAyegA to) una dharmoM ke bhI anya dharmoM ke sAtha sahitapanA hone se anavasthA kA prasaMga AtA hai| kyoMki anya dharma se dharma sahitatA mAnane para anya dharma kI sahiMtatA dUsare dharma se mAnanI par3egI ityAdi rUpa se anavasthA doSa AyegA kintu jaina siddhAnta meM dharma, dharmI ke samudAya rUpa akhaNDa vastu mAnI gayI hai isalie sarvathA vastu meM svarUpa kA (svabhAva kA) nirAkaraNa karanA zakya nahIM hai| isalie vastu nirdezyamAnatva ke dvArA adhigamya hai| athavA vastu nirdezya (vacana ke dvArA kathana karane yogya hai) ataH vastu ke svarUpa ko jAnane ke upAya nirdeza kA kathana samIcIna hai| isa prakAra nirdeza kA kathana samApta huaa| aba svAmitva kA kathana karate haiN| * - vAstava meM, sambandha kA abhAva hone se aura pArataMtrya vihIna hone se koI kisI kA svAmI nahIM hai kyoMki siddha ke samAna sarva sambandha rahita haiN| aisA koI kahate haiN||10|| asiddha meM sva aura svAmI kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA jaise asiddha kharagoza vA ghor3e ke sIMga kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai| eka asiddha hai dUsarA siddha hai unakA bhI sambandha nahIM ho sakatA jaise vandhyA ke putra kA sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt vandhyA to siddha hai usakA astitva dRSTigocara ho rahA hai aura putra avidyamAna hai, ina donoM meM janya jananI sambandha bhI nahIM ho sktaa| jo do padArtha paripUrNa niSpanna haiM unameM bhI eka dUsare ke sAtha parAdhInatA na hone se sambandha siddha nahIM hai, anyathA yadi siddha (niSpanna) padArtha meM paraspara sambandha mAneMge to atiprasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt siddha jIva yA AkAza bhI parAdhIna ho jaayeNge| jo svayaM niSpanna nahIM hai usako parAdhInatA kI AvazyakatA hai, niSpanna padArtha ko dUsaroM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai|
Page #319
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 306 tattvata: saMbaMdhostIti / taduktaM / "pArataMtrye hi saMbaMdhe siddhe kA parataMtratA / tasmAtsarvasya bhAvasya saMbaMdho nAsti tttvtH||" iti saMbaMdhamAtrAbhAve ca siddhe sati na kazcitkasyacitsvAmI nAma yataH svAmitvamarthAnAmadhigamyaM syaadityke|| tathA syAdvAdasaMbaMdho bhAvAnAM prmaarthtH| svAtaMtryAt kiM na dezAdiniyamotirIkSyate // 11 // pArataMtryasyAbhAvAdbhAvAnAM saMbaMdhAbhAvamabhidadhAnAstena saMbaMdhaM vyAptaM kvacitpratipadyate na vA ? pratipadyate cet kathaM sarvatra sarvadA saMbaMdhAbhAvamabhidadhurvirodhAt / no cet kathamavyApakAbhAvAdavyApyAbhAvasiddheH / kisI rUpa se siddha aura kisI rUpa se asiddha ke parataMtratA siddha hone para pArataMtrya sambandha hai, isa prakAra kahanA bhI mithyA hai kyoMki isameM donoM pakSoM meM diye gaye doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt siddha padArtha ko parAdhInatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| aura jo asat svarUpa hai, asiddha aMza hai-vaha kyA parAdhIna hogA jo hai hI nahIM, vaha kyA to dUsare ke AdhIna hogA aura kyA apane AdhIna hogA? .. athavA eka niSpanna (paripUrNa) aura dUsarA aMza aniSpanna ye donoM viruddha dharma eka sAtha eka samaya meM nahIM raha sakate haiN| kyoMki ina donoM meM paraspara vyAghAta karane vAlA pratighAta doSa AtA hai| jo niSpanna hai vaha aniSpanna nahIM hai aura jo aniSpanna hai vaha niSpanna nahIM hai isalie tattva se vicArA jAye to sambandha nahIM hotA hai| bauddha grantha meM kahA bhI hai ki "parataMtratA hone para sambandha siddha hotA hai" parantu sampUrNa bhAvoM ke niSpanna ho jAne para padArthoM meM sambandha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai, isa prakAra sAmAnya rUpa se sambandha kA abhAva siddha ho jAne para koI bhI kisI kA svAmI bana nahIM sktaa| AdhAra, Adheya, janya, janaka, vAcya, vAcaka bhAva nahIM hone se akelA sva svAmI sambandha kaise ho sakatA hai ? jaba sAmAnya nahIM hai to vizeSa kI sthiti kaise ho sakatI hai| isa prakAra sambandha mAtra ke abhAva kI siddhi hone para koI kisI kA svAmI nahIM hai| isalie svAmitva ko arthAdhigamya kahanA kaise yukta ho sakatA hai? isa prakAra koI (bauddha) kahate haiN| jainAcArya bauddha ke isa kathana kA uttara dete haiN| syAdvAda siddhAnta ke anusAra padArthoM kA vAstavika sambandha hai kyoMki padArthoM kI ekAnta se svataMtratA svIkAra kara lene para niyata deza aura niyatakAla Adi ke niyama se utpatti dekhI jAtI hai, vaha kaise ghaTita ho skegii||11|| bhAvArtha : sarva padArthoM ke ekAnta se svataMtra hone para unake paryAya kI utpatti meM deza-kAla kA niyama kaise ghaTita ho sakegA? parataMtratA ke abhAva se padArthoM ke sambandha ke abhAva kA kathana karane vAle bauddha kyA usa parataMtratA se sambandha ko vyApta huA yAnI avinAbhAva rakhatA huA kisI dRSTAnta meM jAna lete haiM yA nahIM ? arthAt
Page #320
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 307 paropagamAt tasyatena vyAptisiddheradoSa iti cenna, tathA svapratipatterabhAvAnuSaMgAt / paropagamAddhi paraH pratipAdayituM zakyaH / sarvathA saMbaMdhAbhAvAnnAzakya eva pratyakSata iti cenna, tasya svAMzamAtraparyavasAnAt / na kazcitkenacitkathaMcitkadAcitsaMbaMdha itIyato vyApArAtkartumasamarthatvAdanyathA sarvajJatvApatteH / sarvArthAnAM sAkSAtkaraNamaMtareNa saMbaMdhAbhAvasya tena pratipattumazakteH / keSAMcidarthAnAM svAtaMtryamasaMbaMdhena vyAptaM sarvopasaMhAreNa agni kA aura dhUma kA avinAbhAva jJAta hotA hai to agni ke abhAva meM dhUma kA abhAva jAna liyA jAtA hai| usI prakAra paratantratA rUpa vyApaka ke sAtha sambandha rUpa vyApya kA avinAbhAva jJAta hogA to parataMtratA ke abhAva meM sambandha kA abhAva jAna sakeMge anyathA nhiiN| yadi paratantratA ke sAtha sambandha kI vyApti ko jAnate haiM to sambandha siddha ho jAtA hai to kaise kaha sakate ho ki sarvatra (sarva deza meM) aura sarvadA (sarvakAla meM) sambandha kA abhAva hai kyoMki isa kathana meM virodha AtA hai| arthAt pUrva meM sambandha ko mAnakara pazcAt nahIM mAnanA pUrvApara virodha hai| yadi kaho ki paratantratA se vyApta hue sambandha hetu ko kahIM nahIM jAnate haiM to avyApaka ke abhAva se avyApya ke abhAva kI siddhi kaise kara dI jAtI hai ? athavA parataMtratA ke abhAva svarUpa hetu kI sambandha abhAva svarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti banane kA nirNaya hai ki nahIM ? anumAna jJAna ko pramANa mAnane vAloM ko vyApti nAmaka sambandha mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| dUsare darzanoM meM svIkRta usa sambandha kI (vyApti kI) usa paratantratA ke sAtha vyApti ko siddha kara lete haiM ata: koI doSa nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki dUsaroM ke dvArA svIkRta sambandha se vyApti ko svIkAra karane para svayaM pratipatti hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki paropagama se para kA pratipAdana karanA hI zakya hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA svIkRta niyama ko dUsarA hI samajhA sakatA hai| jo svayaM jisa jJeya ko jAnatA hI nahIM hai vaha dUsaroM ko samajhA nahIM sktaa| __bauddha kahate haiM ki sabhI prakAroM se sambandha na hone ke kAraNa dUsarA bhI samajhAne ke lie samartha nahIM hI hai| paramArtha se pratyakSa ke dvArA hI padArthoM ke sambandha kA abhAva jAnA jAtA hai, ataH sva ko pratipatti (jJAna) honA kaThina nahIM hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki vaha pratyakSa jJAna to svAMza (apane aMza) ko jAnane meM hI caritArtha (sArthaka) hokara naSTa ho jAtA hai ata: kaunasA padArtha, kisa padArtha ke sAtha, kisa prakAra se, kisa kAla meM sambandha nahIM rakhatA hai, isa prakAra kA vyApAra karane ke lie pratyakSa jJAna samartha nahIM hai| anyathA (yadi pratyakSa jJAna sabako jAnane meM samartha hai to) sarvajJatva kA prasaMga AtA hai kyoMki sampUrNa padArthoM kA sAkSAt kiye binA (pratyakSa jAne binA) pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA sambandha ke abhAva ko jAnanA zakya nahIM hai| sarva deza aura sarva kAla kA upasaMhAra karane vAlI vyApti ko pratyakSa jAnane vAlA sarvajJa hI ho sakatA hai, anya koI nahIM ho sktaa|
Page #321
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 308 pratipadya tatonyeSAmasaMbaMdhapratipattirAnumAnikI syAditicet tattarhi svAtaMtryamarthAnAM na tAvadasiddhAnAM, siddhAnAM tu svAtaMtryAtsaMbaMdhAbhAve tattvataH kiMnna dezAdiniyamenodbhavo dRzyate tasya pArataMtryeNa vyAptatvAt / na hi svataMtrorthaH sarvanirapekSatayA niyatadezakAladravyabhAvajanmAsti na cAjanmA sarvathArthakriyAsamarthaH svayaM tasyAkAraNAt / pratyAsattivizeSAddezAdibhistanniyatotpattirarthasya syAditi cet , sa eva pratyAsattivizeSa: saMbaMdha: pAramArthikaH siddha ityAha;dravyata: kSetrataH kAlabhAvAbhyAM ksycitsvtH| pratyAsannakRtaH siddhaH saMbaMdhaH kencitsphuttH||12|| kasyacitparyAyasya svata: kenacitparyAyeNa sahaikatra dravye samavAyAdravyapratyAsattiryathA smaraNasyAnubhavena saugata kahatA hai ki kinhIM vivakSita arthoM ke svAtaMtrya ko sambandhAbhAva (sambandha ke abhAva) ke sAtha vyApti rakhate hue jAnakara aura usa vyApti se dUsare padArthoM ke asambandha kI pratipatti (jJAna) anumAna se hotI hai arthAt vivakSita padArtha kI vyApti ke jJAna se sAdhya-sAdhana ke sambandha ko jAnakara bhinna padArthoM ke sAdhya sAdhana kI vyApti anumAna se jAna lI jAtI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa anumAna se vyApti ko jAnane meM anavasthA doSa AtA hai kyoMki vyApti ko jAnane vAle anumAna ke utthAna meM bhI punaH vyApti ko jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai| tathA asiddha padArthoM kI to svataMtratA ho nahIM sakatI arthAt jo abhI taka asiddha hai, vaha svataMtra ho nahIM sakatA aura siddha padArthoM kA to svataMtra hone ke kAraNa yadi sambandha nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to vastuta: deza, kAlAdi ke niyama se padArthoM kI utpatti honA kaise dRSTigocara ho rahA hai ? yadi deza, kAla Adi ke niyama se utpatti hotI hai to usakI parataMtratA ke sAtha vyApti hogI, vaha svataMtra nahIM ho sktii| jo apanI utpatti meM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA rakhatA hai vaha parataMtra hotA hai| jo sarvathA svataMtra hotA hai vaha padArtha niyata dezakAla dravya bhAva kA avalambana lekara utpanna nahIM hotA hai| jo utpanna nahIM hotA hai (kUTastha nitya hai) vaha sarvathA arthakriyA karane meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki svataMtra padArtha kisI kA kAraNa nahIM hotA hai arthAt jo paryAya se paryAyAntara hotA hai pariNamana karatA hai, vahI arthakriyA karane meM samartha hai aura vahI kisI kA kAraNa ho sakatA hai| yadi pratyAsatti vizeSa se deza, kAla Adi ke sAtha niyata rUpa se artha (padArtha) kI utpatti mAneMge to vahI pratyAsatti vizeSa sambandha pAramArthika siddha ho jaayegaa| isI kathana ko AcArya vizeSa rUpa se kahate haiM kisI padArtha kA kisI anya padArtha ke sAtha dravya, kSetra (deza), kAla aura bhAvoM ke dvArA pratyAsannatA (nikaTatA) se kiyA gayA sambandha svata: siddha hai| sphuTa rUpa se dravya pratyAsatti, kSetra pratyAsatti, kAla pratyAsatti aura bhAva pratyAsatti cAra sambandha pratIta ho rahe haiM // 12 // kisI eka paryAya kA svata: kisI anya paryAya ke sAtha eka dravya meM samavAya sambandha ho jAnA dravya pratyAsatti kahalAtI hai| jisa prakAra smaraNa kA pUrva anubhava ke sAtha eka AtmA meM samavAya ho rahA
Page #322
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 309 . sahAtmanyekatra samavAyastamaMtareNa tatraiva yathAnubhavasmaraNAnupapatteH somamitrAnubhavAdviSNumitrasmaraNAnupapattivat / saMtAnaikatvAdupapattiriti cenna, saMtAnasyAvastutvena tanniyamahetutvAghaTanAt / vastutve vA nAmamAtraM bhidyeta satAM no dravyamiti / tathaikasaMtAnAzrayatvameva dravyAdravyAzrayatvaM ceti na kazcidvizeSaH yatsaMtAno vAsanAprabodhastatsaMtAnaM smaraNamiti niyamopagamopi na zreyAn, proktadoSAnatikramAt / saMtAnasyAtmadravyatvopapattau yadAtmadravyapariNAmo vAsanAprabodhastadAtmadravyavivartaH smaraNamiti paramatasiddheH / kathaM parasparabhinnasvabhAvakAlayorekamAtmadravyaM vyApakamiti ca na codyaM, sakRtrAnAkAravyApinA jJAnenaikena prativihitatvAt / samasamayavartino hai kyoMki usa dravya pratyAsatti rUpa samavAya (tAdAtmya) sambandha ke binA usI AtmA meM anubhava ke anusAra smaraNa kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| arthAt jisane anubhava kiyA hai vahI smaraNa karatA hai, jisane anubhava nahIM kiyA hai vaha smaraNa nahIM kara sktaa| jaise somamitra ke anubhava se viSNumitra ko smaraNa nahIM ho sakatA ata: dravya pratyAsatti ke kAraNa janma janmAntara meM bhI AtmA ko pUrva anubhava kA smaraNa ho sakatA hai| isase AtmA ke nityatA kI siddhi hotI hai| "saMtAna ke ekatva se anubhava ke anusAra smaraNa ho jAtA hai" bauddhoM kA aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMtAna avastu hai, kalpita hai ataH vaha avastubhUta saMtAna anubhava ke anusAra niyata vyakti meM hI smaraNa hone kA kAraNa ghaTita nahIM ho sktii| yadi saMtAna vAstavika hai taba to saMtAna aura dravya meM nAma mAtra kA antara hai arthAt dravya kaho yA saMtAna, eka hI artha hai| inameM zabda bheda hai, artha bheda nahIM hai tathA eka santAna ke Azraya rahane vAlA AzrayI kaho yA eka dravya kA AzrayI kaho, eka hI artha hai, donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| jisa saMtAna meM smaraNa karAne vAlI vAsanAe~ jAgRta hotI haiM usI saMtAna meM smaraNa utpanna hotA hai| isa prakAra kA niyama svIkAra karanA zreyaskara nahIM hai kyoMki isa niyama se bhI doSoM kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| santAna ko Atmadravyatva ho jAne para jisa Atmadravya kA pariNamana hokara anubhava ke pazcAt vAsanA jAgRta huI hai usI Atmadravya kA pariNAma hokara smaraNa utpanna hotA hai| isase to jaina siddhAnta kI hI siddhi hotI hai| "paraspara bhinna svabhAva vAle aura bhinna kAla meM hone vAle anubhava aura smaraNa meM vyApaka hokara rahane vAlA eka Atmadravya kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ?" bauddha kahate haiN| aisI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki eka hI samaya meM aneka nIla, pIta Adi nAnA AkAroM meM vyApane vAle eka citrajJAna ke dvArA khaNDana ho jAtA hai arthAt jaise eka jJAna citra padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAnatA hai usI prakAra eka AtmA paraspara bhinna kAla svabhAva vAle padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAna letA hai| samAna
Page #323
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 310 rasarUpayorekaguNivyAptayoranumAnAnumeyavyavahArayorekadravyapratyAsattiranenoktA tadabhAve tayostadvyavahArayogyatAnupapatteH / ekasAmaNyadhInatvAttadupapattiriti cet kathamekAsAmagrI nAma ? ekaM kAraNamiti cet , tatsahakAryupAdAnaM vA ? sahakAri cet kulAlakalazayordaNDAdirekA sAmagrI syAt samAnakSaNayostayorutpattau tasya sahakAritvAt / tathA etayoranumAnAnumeyavyavahArayogyatA avyabhicAriNI syAt tdeksaamaaydhiintvaat| ekasamudAyavartisahakArikAraNamekA sAmagrI na bhinnasamudAyavarti yatoyamatiprasaMga iti cet , kaH punarayameka: samudAya: ? sAdhAraNArthakriyAniyatAH pravibhAgarahitA rUpAdaya iti cet kathaM pravibhAgarahitatvamekatvapariNAmAbhAve teSAmapapadyatetiprasaMgAta / sAMvatyaikatvapariNAmeneti cenna. tasya pravibhAgAbhAvahetatvAyogAta / pravibhAgAbhAvopi samaya (eka samaya) meM rahane vAle eka guNI dravya meM vyApta rUpa se rasa kA aura isase rUpa kA anumAna karake anumAna aura anumeya ke vyavahAra ko prApta hue rUpa aura rasa guNa kI bhI paraspara meM eka dravya pratyAsatti hai| isakI bhI ukta kathana se siddhi ho jAtI hai| yadi rUpa aura rasa meM eka dravyapratyAsatti nahIM mAnI jAtI hai to unameM anumAna aura anumeya ke vyavahAra kI yogyatA nahIM ho sktii| ___eka sAmagrI ke AdhIna hone ke kAraNa rasa se rUpa kA aura rUpa se rasa kA anumAna ho jAtA hai aisA saugata ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha eka sAmagrI kyA vastu hai? yadi kaho ki eka sAmagrI AdhInatA kA artha hai-kaarnn| to vaha kAraNa kaunasA hai, nimitta kAraNa hai? ki upAdAna kAraNa hai ? yadi . nimitta (sahakArI) kAraNa mAnate ho to kulAla (kuMbhakAra) aura ghaTa kI daNDa, cakrAdi sahakArI kAraNa bhI eka sAmagrI ho jAvegI kyoMki samAna samaya meM pariNamana karate hue una kulAla aura ghaTa kI utpatti meM ve daNDAdi padArtha sahakArI kAraNa hote haiM tathA eka sAmagrI ke AdhIna hone ke kAraNa una kuMbhakAra aura ghaTa kI anumAna anumeya ke vyavahAra kI yogyatA bhI vyabhicAra doSa rahita ho sakatI hai kyoMki ve donoM hI eka sAmagrI ke AdhIna haiM arthAt sahakArI kAraNa eka hone se kuMbhakAra se ghaTa kA aura ghaTa se kuMbhakAra kA anumAna ho jAnA cAhie, parantu aisA hotA nahIM hai| ___ yahA~ yadi bauddha kaheM ki eka samudAya meM rahane vAle sahakArI kAraNa eka sAmagrI haiM, bhinna samudAya meM rahane vAle sahakArI kAraNa eka sAmagrI nahIM haiM jisase ki yaha atiprasaMga hotA hai arthAt ghaTanirmANa ke kAraNa samudAya, kuMbhakAra ke kAraNa samudAya se bhinna haiM, ataH bhinna samudAya meM rahane ke kAraNa daNDa Adi eka sAmagrI nahIM haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha eka samudAya padArtha kyA hai ? . sAdhAraNa arthakriyA meM niyata aura prakaTa vibhAga se rahita rUpa, rasa Adi ko yadi samudAya kahate ho to una rUpAdikoM kA paraspara ekatva pariNAma ke abhAva meM vibhAgarahitatva kaise siddha ho sakatA hai| yadi paraspara ekatva ke abhAva meM bhI vibhAga rahitatva siddha hotA hai to atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt AkAza aura AtmA Adi ke bhI vibhAga rahitatva hokara samudAya bana jaayegaa| saMvRtti (asatya kalpanA) se ekatva pariNAma ke dvArA rUpa AdikoM kA avibhAgIpanA mAnanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa kalpita (sAMvRtta) ekatva
Page #324
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 311 teSAM sAMvRta iti cenna hi tattvataH pravibhaktA eva rUpAdayaH samudAya ityApannaM / na caivaM keSAMcitsamudAyetaravyavasthA sAdhAraNArthakriyAniyatatvetarAbhyAM sopapanneti vA yuktaM, sUryAMbujayorapi samudAyaprasaMgAt / tayoraMbujaprabodharavyoH saadhaarnnaarthkriyaaniyttvaat| tato vAstavameva prvibhaagrhitsmudaayvishessstessaamektvaadhyvsaayheturNgiikrtvyH| sa caikatvapariNAmaM tAttvikamaMtareNa na ghaTata iti sopi pratipattavya eva, sa caikaM dravyamiti siddhaM / svaguNaparyAyANAM samudAyaskaMdha iti vacanAt / tathAsati rasarUpayorekArthAtmakayorekadravyapratyAsattireva liMgaliMgivyavahArahetuH kAryakAraNabhAvasyApi niyatasya tadabhAvenupapatteH saMtAnAMtaravat / na hi kvacitpUrve rasAdiparyAyAH pararasAdiparyAyANAmupAdAnaM nAnyatra dravye vartamAnA iti niyamasteSAmekadravyatAdAtmyavirahe kathaMcidupapannaH / ekamupAdAnamekA sAmagrIti dvitIyopi pakSaH saugatAnAmasaMbhAvya eva, nAnAkAryasyaikopAdAnatvavirodhAt / pariNAma ko prativibhAga ke abhAva kA hetupanA nahIM hai| (abhAva ke hetutva kA ayoga hai)| una rUpAdikoM ke pravibhAga kA abhAva bhI sAMvRta (kalpita) hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para to vAstavika pravibhakta hI rUpAdi samudAya ko prApta ho jAyeMge, parantu aisA nahIM hai| - tathA kinhIM padArthoM kI sAdhAraNa arthakriyA meM niyata aura aniyata ke dvArA samudAya evaM asamudAya kI vyavasthA hotI hai, aisA kahanA bhI ayukta hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para sUrya aura kamala ke bhI samudAyapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| una sUrya aura kamala meM kamala kA khila jAnA aura sUrya kA prakAzita honA rUpa sAdhAraNa arthakriyA kA niyatapanA hetu vidyamAna hai isalie vibhAga rahita samudAya vizeSa vAstavika haiM tathA una rUpAdikoM ko ekatvAdhyavasAya hetu paramArtha se svIkAra karanA cAhie kyoMki vaha ekatva pariNAma vAstavikatA (vA tAdAtmya sambandha) ke binA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA ataH rUpa rasa kA paraspara dravya ke sAtha kathaMcit tAdAtmya sambandha hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| vahI guNa aura paryAyoM kA samudAya eka dravya hai aisA siddha hotA hai kyoMki "svakIyaM guNa-paryAyoM kA samudAya hI skandha hai" aisA saugata grantha kA vacana hai| aisA hone para ekArthAtmaka (eka arthasvarUpa) rUpa aura rasa kI eka dravya pratyAsatti hai (eka dravya nAmaka sambandha hai) aura vaha eka dravya pratyAsatti (eka dravya meM tAdAtmya rUpa se rahanA) hI rUpa, rasa ke sAdhya sAdhana vyavahAra kA kAraNa hai| arthakriyA meM niyata kArya-kAraNa bhAva kI bhI eka dravya pratyAsatti ke abhAva meM utpatti nahIM ho sktii| jaise dUsare santAnoM kA anubhava smaraNa rUpa kArya kA hetu nahIM hotA hai arthAt mahIdatta ke dvArA anubhUta padArthoM kA devadatta smaraNa nahIM kara sakatA kyoMki kisI dravya meM pUrva meM sthita rasAdi paryAyeM uttaravartI samaya meM hone vAlI rasAdi paryAyoM kI upAdAna kAraNa haiM parantu dUsare dravya meM rahane vAlI pUrvavartI rasAdi paryAyeM prakRta dravya ke rUpAdika kI upAdAna kAraNa nahIM ho sktiiN| isa prakAra kA niyama eka dravyAtmakatva ke binA kisI prakAra bhI nahIM bana sakatA hai| isa prakAra 'ekAsAmagrI' isa prakAra ke vAkya meM sahakArI kAraNa kA prakaraNa samApta huaa| aba upAdAna kAraNa kA varNana karate haiN| . "aneka kAryoM kA eka upAdAna kAraNa honA eka sAmagrI hai" isa prakAra saugata kA dvitIya pakSa
Page #325
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 312 yadi punarekaM dravyamanekakAryopAdAnaM bhavettadA saivekadravyapratyAsattirAyAtA rsruupyoH| kSetrapratyAsattiryathA balAkAsalilayorekasyAM bhUmau sthitayoH saMyuktasaMyogo hi tato nAnyaH pratiSThAmiyati / janyajanakabhAva eva tayoH parasparaM pratyAsattiriticenna, anyatarasamudbhUtAyAH paratra sarasi balAkAyA nivAsasaMbhavAt / naikA balAkA pUrvaM saraH pravihAya saroMtaramadhitiSThaMtI kAcidasti pratikSaNaM tadbhedAditicenna, kathaMcittadakSaNikatvasya pratIterbAdhakAbhAvAttadbhAMtatvAnupapatteH / kSiteH pratipradezaM bhedAdekatra pradeze balAkAsalilayoranavasthAnAnnaiva tatkSetrapratyAsattiriticenna, kSityAdyavayavinastadAdhArasyaikasya sAdhanAt / na caikasyAvayavino nAnAvayavavyApina: bhI saMbhAvya (saMbhavanA karane yogya) nahIM hai kyoMki aneka kAryoM kA eka upAdAna hone kA virodha hai| yadi aneka kAryoM kA eka dravya upAdAna kAraNa mAnA jAyegA to rUpa aura rasa kI vahI ekadravya pratyAsatti siddha hotI hai arthAt rUpa aura rasa kA paraspara sAdhya sAdhana vA kArya kAraNa bhAva ekadravya kI pratyAsatti ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra anubhava aura smaraNa bhI eka dravya pratyAsatti (eka nitya Atma dravya) ke binA siddha nahIM ho skte| aba kSetra pratyAsatti kA kathana karate haiN| jaise eka bhUmi meM sthita bakapaMkti aura jala kA saMyukta saMyoga sambandha hI kSetrapratyAsatti hai| usase bhinna aura koI dUsarA sambandha yahA~ pratiSThA ko prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra ke kSetra sambandha ko nahIM mAnakara una jala aura bagulA kA paraspara meM janya-janakabhAva kSetra pratyAsatti mAnanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki dUsare sarovara meM utpanna balAkAoM kA anya dUsare sarovara meM nivAsa karanA saMbhava hai| arthAt eka sarovara kI balAkA dUsare tAlAba meM jA sakatI hai| eka hI balAkA pUrva tAlAba ko chor3akara dUsare tAlAba meM jAkara nahIM rahatI hai kyoMki bagulA pratyeka kSaNa meM bhinna-bhinna paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai ataH pratyeka samaya meM bhinna-bhinna bagulA hotI haiM aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki baka paMkti ke kathaMcit akSaNikatva (nityatva) kI pratIti ke bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai arthAt bagulA kI paMkti kathaMcit nitya hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai, isameM koI bAdhA nahIM hai ataH isameM bhrAntatva kI anupapatti hai| jIvana se lekara maraNa paryanta jIvita rahane vAlA bagulA eka hai| "pRthvI ke pratyeka pradeza meM bheda hone se eka AkAza pradeza meM balAkA aura jala donoM kI avasthiti nahIM ho sakatI hai ata: eka pradeza meM rahane vAloM kI kSetra pratyAsatti siddha nahIM ho sktii| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki una jala, bagulA paMkti Adi ke AdhArabhUta bhUmi Adi aneka avayavoM kI siddhi kI jA cukI hai| aneka avayavoM meM eka hI samaya vyApaka rahane vAle eka avayavI dravya kA rahanA asaMbhava hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki vedya AkAra, veda AkAra aura saMvitti AkAra inameM vyApaka rUpa se rahane vAlA eka jJAna mAnA gayA hai| vaha pratIti siddha hai, usI prakAra aneka avayavoM meM eka hI samaya eka hI dravya kA rahanA pratIti siddha hai| isa prakAra kSetra pratyAsatti siddha karake kAlapratyAsatti kA kathana karate haiN|
Page #326
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 313 sakRdasaMbhavaH pratItisiddhatvAdvedyAdyAkAravyApyekajJAnavat / kAlapratyAsattiryathA sahacarayoH samyagdarzanajJAnasAmAnyayoH zarIre jIvasparzavizeSayorvA pUrvottarayorbharaNikRttikayoH kRttikArohiNyorvA tayoH prtyaasttyNtrsyaavyvsthaanaat| bhAvapratyAsattiryathA gogavayayoH ke valisiddhayorvA tayorekatarasya hi yAdRgbhAva: saMsthAnAdiranaMtajJAnAdirvA tAdRktadanyatarasya supratIta iti na pratyAsattyaMtaraM kayozcidanekapratyAsattisaMbaMdhe vA na kiMcidaniSTaM pratiniyatodbhUte: sarvapadArthAnAM dravyAdipratyAsatticatuSTayavyatirekeNAnupapadyamAnatvena prasiddheH / saiva caturvidhA pratyAsattiH sphuTa: saMbaMdho bAdhakAbhAvAditi na saMbaMdhAbhAvo vyavatiSThate / nanu ca dravyapratyAsattirekena ____ jaise sahacara (eka sAtha rahane vAle) samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna sAmAnya kI kAla pratyAsatti hai| athavA zarIra meM jIva aura sparza vizeSa kI kAla pratyAsatti hai| pUrva aura uttara kAla meM udaya hone vAlI bharaNI nakSatra aura kRttikA nakSatra ke athavA kRttikA aura rohiNI ke kAla kI apekSA pratyAsatti hai| kAla pratyAsatti ke binA samyagdarzana Adi ke sahacara bhAva kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai| isa prakAra kAla pratyAsatti kA kathana pUrNa huaa| aba bhAva pratyAsatti kA kathana karate haiM-gau (gAya) aura gavaya (rojha) meM sAdRzya sambandha hone ke kAraNa, jaise saMsthAna racanA Adi pariNAma gau meM haiM vaise hI racanA Adi rojha meM haiM ata: ina donoM meM racanA Adi kI apekSA bhAva pratyAsatti hai| kevalI bhagavAna aura siddha bhagavAna meM paraspara bhAva pratyAsatti hai| kyoMki jaise ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha aura ananta vIrya Adi bhAva terahaveM caudahaveM guNasthAnavartI kevalI bhagavAna ke haiM vaise hI ananta jJAnAdi bhAva siddha parameSThI ke haiN| athavA siddha bhagavAna ke jaise ananta jJAnAdi haiM-vaise kevalI bhagavAna ke bhI pratIta ho rahe haiN| bhAva pratyAsatti se bhinna sambandha kI inameM sambhAvanA nahIM hai| kinhIM do padArthoM meM aneka pratyAsatti rUpa sambandha ho jAye to koI aniSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki apane niyata dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke kAraNa se sampUrNa padArthoM kI utpatti (pariNamana) hotI hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina cAra sambandhoM ke atirikta (bhinna) anya sambandhoM kI asiddhi hone se dravya kSetra Adi cAra sambandhoM kI hI prasiddhi hai| bhAvArtha : samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke eka Atmadravya meM rahane ke kAraNa dravya pratyAsatti hai, eka kSetrAvagAhI hone se kSetra pratyAsatti hai| eka samaya meM rahane se kAla pratyAsatti hai aura donoM hI kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika bhAva hone se inameM bhAva pratyAsatti bhI hai| isa prakaraNa meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se sphuTa rUpa se cAra prakAra ke pratyAsatti rUpa sambandha haiM ataH sambandha kA abhAva vyavasthita nahIM hai|
Page #327
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 314 dravyeNa kayozcitparyAyayoH kramabhuvoH sahabhuvorvA tAdAtmyaM tacca rUpazleSaH sa ca dvitve sati saMbaMdhinorayukta eva virodhAt tayoraikyepi na saMbaMdha: saMbaMdhinorabhAve tasyAghaTanAt dviSThatvAdanyathAtiprasaMgAt / nairataryaM tayo rUpazleSaH ityapyayuktaM, tasyAMtarAbhAvarUpatve tAttvikatvAyogAt prAptirUpatvepi praapteH| paramArthataH kAtsnyaikadezAbhyAmasaMbhavAdgatyaMtarAbhAvAt / kalpitasya tu rUpazleSasyApratiSedhAt na sa tAttvika: saMbaMdhosti prakRtibhinnAnAM svasvabhAvavyavasthite: anyathA sAMtaratvasya saMbaMdhaprasaMgAditi kecit / taduktaM / "rUpazleSo hi saMbaMdho dvitve sa ca kathaM bhavet / tasmAt prakRtibhinnAnAM saMbaMdho nAsti tattvataH // " iti| tadetadekAMtavAdinazcodhe zaMkA : eka dravya ke sAtha krama se hone vAlI kinhIM vivakSita anubhava, smaraNa rUpa paryAyoM kA athavA rUpa, rasa Adi guNa svarUpa paryAyoM kA tadAtmaka ho jAnA dravya pratyAsatti hai aura tAdAtmyasvarUpa pratyAsatti kA artha hai-rUpazleSa (ekameka ho jAnA) parantu vaha zleSa sambandhiyoM ke dvitva (do) hone para ayukta hai| zleSa sambandha do padArthoM meM nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki zleSa aura dvitva inameM paraspara virodha hai arthAt svataMtra do padArthoM kA tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| tathA una sambandhiyoM kA ekatva svIkAra karane para bhI sambandha ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| aura do sambandhiyoM ke abhAva meM bhI usa sambandha kI ghaTanA nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki sambandha do padArthoM meM hI hotA hai, akele meM nhiiN| anyathA (yadi eka meM rahane vAlA sambandha mAnA jAyegA to) atiprasaMga doSa AyegA arthAt AtmA-AtmA kA bandha ho jaayegaa| ___usa dravya pratyAsatti rUpa sambandha ko tAdAtmya sambandha na mAna kara nairantarya (antarAla rahita) sambandha mAnanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha niraMtaratA antarAla ke abhAva rUpa hai ataH usameM vAstavikatA kA ayoga hai| yadi saMzleSa kA artha donoM kI paraspara prApti honA mAnA jAtA hai to vaha prApti pUrNa rUpa se hotI hai yA ekadeza rUpa hotI hai, ye do prazna uThate haiN| unameM pUrNa rUpa se yA ekadeza se prApti honA paramArtha se asaMbhava hai arthAt pUrNa rUpa se sambandha mAnane para aneka paramANuoM kA piNDa eka aNumAtra ho jAyegA ekadeza saMzleSa mAnane para vaha AtmabhUta aura parAtmabhUta ke bheda se do prakAra kA hogaa| yadi ekadeza saMzleSa AtmabhUta hai to do vastu kA saMzleSa pRthak-pRthak rahegA aura parAtmabhUta kaheMge to usakA sambandha karAne ke lie dUsare kI aura use tIsare kI AvazyakatA hone se anavasthA doSa aayegaa| saMzleSa kA spaSTa artha karane ke lie ina tIna se atirikta gatyantara kA abhAva hai arthAt anya koI upAya nahIM hai| kalpita rUpa saMzleSa kA bhI niSedha nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki vaha tAttvika nahIM hai| vaha rUpa saMzleSa svakIya bhinna-bhinna prakRtiyoM ke anusAra sarvathA bhinna padArthoM meM apane nija svarUpa se avasthita hai| unakA paraspara svarUpa saMzleSa kaise ho sakatA hai? nahIM ho sakatA, jaise jala aura kamala ina do bhinna padArthoM meM saMzleSa (ekamekatA) nahIM ho sktaa| anyathA (nirantaratA ko sambandha kahoge to) sAMtaratA ke bhI sambandha hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| aisA koI (bauddha) kahatA hai, unake grantha meM bhI likhA hai| "rUpa saMzleSa sambandha do padArthoM meM kaise ho sakatA hai ? isalie prakRti se bhinna padArthoM kA sambandha vAstavika nahIM hai|" iti|
Page #328
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 315 na punaH syAdvAdinA / te hi kathaMcidekatvApattiM saMbaMdhino rUpazleSaM sNbNdhmaacksste| na ca sA dvitvavirodhinI kathaMcitsvabhAvanairaMtaryaM vA tadapi nAMtarAbhAvarUpamastitvaM chidramadhyaviraheSvanyatamasyAMtarasyAbhAvo hi tatsvabhAvAMtarAtmako vastubhUta eva yadA rUpazleSaH kayozcidAsthIyate nirbAdha tathA pratyayaviSayastadA kathaM kalpanAropitaH syAt / ke nacidaMzena tAdAtmyamatAdAtmyaM ca saMbaMdhinoviruddhamityapi na maMtavyaM tathAnubhavAccitrAkArasaMvedanavat / etena prAptyAdirUpaM nairaMtaryaM rUpazleSa ityapi svIkRtaM tasyApi kathaMcittAdAtmyAnatikramAt / tataH svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH prakRtibhinnAnAmarthAnAM na saMbaMdhastAttvika ityayuktaM tata eva teSAM saMbaMdhasiddheH / svasvabhAvo hi bhAvAnAM pratIyamAnaH kathaMcitpratyAsattiviprakarSazca sarvathA tadapratItestena cAvasthitiH kathaM saMbaMdhAbhAvaikAMtaM sAdhayet saMbaMdhaikAMtavat / na cApekSatvAt saMbaMdhasvabhAvasya mithyApratibhAsaH jainAcArya ukta zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna karate haiM ekAntavAdiyoM kI yaha kutarkaNA (zaMkAyeM) syAdvAdiyoM ke prati nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki ve syAdvAdI sambandhiyoM ke saMzleSa rUpa sambandha ko kathaMcit ekarUpa kahate haiM aura vaha ekatva kI prApti do kA virodha karane vAlI nahIM hai arthAt AtmA aura pudgala kA athavA svarNa aura cAMdI kA saMzleSa hone para bhI ve donoM ekarUpa nahIM hote haiM tathA nairantarya sarvathA antara ke abhAva rUpa tucchAbhAva nahIM hai apitu isa prakaraNa me antara kA chidra, madhya, viraha, sAmIpya, vizeSa Adi aneka artha haiN| isa sUtra meM antara kA chidra, madhya, viraha meM se kisI eka antara ke abhAva svarUpa artha mAnA gayA hai ata: vaha svabhAvAntarAtmaka bhAvasvarUpa hone se vAstavika hI hai| athavA (jisa samaya) kinhIM do padArthoM kA vastubhUta nirantara rUpasaMzleSa nirbAdha jJAna kA viSaya hotA huA sthita hai, isa prakAra jJAna kA viSayabhUta rUpasaMzleSa kalpanA Aropita kaise ho sakatA hai arthAt rUpasaMzleSa kalpita nahIM hai| do sambandhiyoM kA kisI aMza se tAdAtmya ho jAnA aura kisI aMza se tAdAtmya nahIM honA, yaha viruddha hai, aisA bhI nahIM mAnanA caahie| kyoMki citrAkAra ke sambandha ke samAna isa prakAra kA anubhava hotA hai arthAt jaise citrAkAra vAle saMvedana kA nIlAkAra se abheda hai, kathaMcit bheda hai| aisA bhedAbhedAtmaka citra jJAna saugata ne svIkAra kiyA hai| - isa kathana (kathaMcit bhedAbhedAtmaka rUpa) se bauddha ke dvArA kathita prApti AdirUpa nairantarya rUpasaMzleSa hai, yaha bhI svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai kyoMki niraMtara kA bhI kathaJcit tAdAtmya se atikramaNa nahIM hai arthAt saugata siddhAnta meM jo nairantarya (antara rahita) saMzleSa hai (sambandha hai) vahI jaina siddhAnta meM kathaMcit tAdAtmya hai| isalie prakRti (svabhAva) se bhinna padArthoM kA apane svabhAva meM vyavasthita hone se unakA paraspara sambandha vAstavika nahIM hai-aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sambandha kA niSedha karanA hI sambandha kI siddhi hai arthAt vidhi ke binA niSedha nahIM kyoMki padArthoM kA svasvabhAva pratIta hotA hai ata: svabhAva aura svabhAvavAnoM kI kathaMcit pratyAsatti (nikaTatA) aura kathaMcit viprakarSa (dUratva) pratIta ho rahA hai| sarvathA pratyAsatti yA viprakarSatva pratIta nahIM hotA hai| kathaMcit sva svAmI sambandha, samavAya sambandha,
Page #329
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 316 sUkSmatvAdivadasaMbaMdhasvabhAvasyApi tathAnuSaMgAt / sa cAsaMbaMdhasvabhAvo'nApekSikaH kathaMcidarthamapekSya kasyacittadvyavasthiteranyathAnupapatteH / sthUlatvAdivat pratyakSabuddhau pratibhAsamAno anApekSika eva tatpRSThabhAvinA tu vikalpenAdhyavasIyamAno yathApekSikastathA vAstavo bhavatIticet, saMbaMdhasvabhAvopi samAnaM / na hi sa pratyakSena pratibhAsate yato'nApekSiko na syAt / nanu ca parApekSeva saMbaMdhastasya tanniSThatvAt tadabhAve sarvathApyasaMbhavAt / parApekSamANo bhAvaH svayamasattvAdapekSate sa tathA na tAvadasannapekSo dharmAzrayatvavirodhAt tAdAtmya sambandha Adi siddha hai| jaba svasvarUpa se padArthoM kI sthiti hotI hai taba ekAnta rUpa se sarvathA sambandha ke abhAva ko siddha kaise kara sakate haiM ? jaise ekAnta rUpa se sambandha siddha nahIM hotA hai, vaise hI ekAnta rUpa se sambandha kA abhAva bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai| bhAvArtha : paryAya aura paryAyI kA sambandha mAne binA svasvabhAvoM meM padArthoM kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| sUkSmatva, hrasvatva Adi ke samAna sApekSa (apekSA sahita hone se) sambandha svabhAva kA mithyA pratibhAsa hai-aisA nahIM hai kyoMki apekSAkRta ko mithyA kahane para asambandha svabhAva ke bhI mithyA pratibhAsa hone kA prasaMga AtA hai kyoMki asambandha svabhAva bhI anapekSika (apekSA rahita) nahIM hai| kisI padArtha kI apekSA se hI asambandha kI vyavasthA hotI hai| anyathA (yadi asambandha kisI kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai to) anya kisI eka padArtha kA kisI anya eka artha kI apekSA se asambandha kI vyavasthA nahIM hotii| jaise sthUla, hrasva Adi kI apekSA ke binA vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| yadi apekSA sahita hone se guru -ziSya, pitA-putra, svAmI-sevaka, pati-patnI Adi sambandha vAstavika nahIM mAne jAte haiM to asambandha bhI vAstavika siddha nahIM ho sktaa| bauddha kahatA hai ki pratyakSa buddhi meM pratibhAsamAna asambandha anApekSika hai; puna: usake pIche hone vAle asatya vikalpa ke dvArA nirNIta hone se jaise asambandha ApekSika hai, usI prakAra asambandha avastubhUta hai arthAt pratyakSa jJAna kA viSayabhUta asambandha aMza vAstavika hai aura kalpanA se jJAta asambandha aMza avAstavika hai parantu sambandha to kisI prakAra se bhI vAstavika nahIM hai| __ jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to vastu ke sambandha svabhAva meM bhI samAna rUpa se yahI kathana lAgU ho jAtA hai, vaha sambandha pratyakSa jJAna meM pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai arthAt sambandha bhI pratyakSa jJAnameM pratibhAsita hotA hai jisase vaha anApekSika nahIM ho skegaa| apitu sambandha bhI pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya hone se vAstavika hai| sambandha ko nahIM mAnane vAlA bauddha kahatA hai ki-sambandha anya kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hI hotA hai-kyoMki vaha sambandha ApekSika padArthoM meM hI rahatA hai| apekSaNIya padArthoM ke abhAva meM sambandha kI sarvathA asaMbhavatA hai| athavA dUsaroM kI apekSA rakhane vAle sambandha svayaM asadbhUta hokara dUsaroM kI apekSA rakhatA hai ki (athavA) svayaM sat hokara parApekSA karatA hai ?
Page #330
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 317 kharazRMgavat / nApi san sarvanirAzaMsatvAdanyathA sattvavirodhAt kathaMcitsannasannApekSya ityayamapi pakSo na zreyAn pakSadvayadoSAnatikramAt / na caikorthaH sannasaMzca kenacidrUpeNa saMbhavati virodhAdanyathAtItAnAgatAdyazeSAtmako vartamAnArtha: syAditi na kvacitsadasattvavyavasthA, saMkaravyatikarApatteH / tatoparApekSANAmasannibaMdhana: saMbaMdha: siddhyet / taduktaM / "parApekSAdisaMbaMdha: sostkthmpeksste| saMzca sarvanirAzaMso bhAvaH kthmpekssyte||" iti kazcit / sopi sarvathA sadasattvAbhyAM bhAvasya parApekSAyA virodhamapratipadyamAnaH kathaM tAM pratiSedhyAt / pratipadyamAnastu svayaM pratiSeddhumasamarthastasyAH kvacitsiddheranyathA virodhAyogAt kathaM cAnirAkurvannapi parApekSA sarvatra saMbaMdhasyAnApekSikatvaM pratyAcakSIta? na cedunmattaH / svalakSaNameva saMbaMdho'nApekSika: syAnna tato'nyaH / prathama pakSa ke anusAra asadbhUta padArtha to para kI apekSA nahIM kara sakatA hai kyoMki apekSA kriyA rUpa dharma kA Azraya sadbhUta kartA honA caahie| asat padArtha ko khara (gadhe) ke sIMga ke samAna apekSA dharma ke Azrayapana kA virodha hai| tathA dUsare pakSa ke anusAra sadbhUta padArtha bhI parakI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai| sattva hone se sarva AkAMkSAoM se rahita hai| vaha kisI kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai| anyathA yadi sat padArtha parakI apekSA karatA hai, to usake sadbhUtatva meM virodha AtA hai arthAt jo paripUrNa nahIM hai vahI anya kI apekSA karatA hai| kathaMcit sat aura kathaMcit asat apekSA karake kahanA yaha pakSa bhI zreSTha nahIM hai| kyoM ki donoM pakSoM meM kathita doSoM kA atikrama nahIM hotA hai arthAt sat aura asat pakSa meM diye gaye doSa ubhaya pakSa meM prApta ho jAte haiN| athavA eka hI padArtha kisI svarUpa se sadbhUta aura kisI se asat ho, aisA saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki isameM paraspara virodha hai| anyathA, yadi aisA nahIM hai to vartamAnakAlIna padArtha hI atIta (bhUta), anAgata (bhaviSyat) Adi azeSa Atmaka ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra kisI bhI padArtha meM sattva aura asattva kI vyavasthA nahIM hogii| tathA saMkara (saba milakara eka ho jAnA) aura vyatikara doSa kA bhI prasaMga AyegA jisase dUsaroM kI apekSA rakhane vAle padArtha kA asat kAraNa mAnakara hone vAlA sambandha siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt parApekSA rUpa sambandha siddha nahIM ho sktaa| so hI bauddha kathita grantha meM kahA hai: jo parApekSA rakhane vAlA sambandha hai-vaha asadbhUta hokara dUsaroM kI apekSA kaise kara sakatA hai ? yadi vaha sambandha sat rUpa hai taba to nirAkAMkSa hai aura jo nirAkAMkSabhAva hai vaha dUsare kI apekSA kaise kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra bauddha ke kaha cukane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki ___ vaha saugata sarvathA sad aura asad ke dvArA padArthoM kI parApekSA se hone vAle virodha ko nahIM samajhatA huA parApekSA kA niSedha kaise kara sakatA hai ? aura sat asad ke dvArA bhAvoM kA parApekSA ke sAtha virodha ko jAnane vAlA bauddha svayaM niSedha karane ke lie samartha nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki kahIM-na-kahIM sambandha ke sAtha para padArtha kI apekSA siddha ho jAtI hai taba hI to virodha AtA hai anyathA (parapadArthoM kI apekSA ke siddha hue binA) virodha kA ayoga hai| tathA dUsare kI apekSA kA nirAkaraNa nahIM karane vAlA sarvatra sambandha kI anApekSikatA kA khaNDana kaise kara sakatA hai ? yadi binA jAne sambandha kA khaNDana karegA to vaha unmatta (pAgala) hai| arthAt unmatta (pAgala) puruSa hI parApekSA ko mAnatA huA bhI apekSA kA khaNDana karatA hai, jJAnI nhiiN|
Page #331
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 318 sa ceSTo nAmamAtre vivAdAdvastunyavivAdAditicet / kaH punaH saMbaMdhamasvalakSaNamAhatasyApi svena rUpeNa lakSyamANasya svalakSaNatvAt / nanu kuta: saMbaMdhastathA dvayoH saMbaMdhinoH siddhaH ? ekena guNAkhyena saMyogenAnyena vA dharmeNAMtarasthitenAvAcyena vA vasturUpeNa saMbaMdhAditicet , sa tatsaMbaMdhinoranAMtaramarthAMtaraM vA ? yadyanAMtaraM tadA saMbaMdhinAveva prasajyete / tathA ca na saMbaMdho nAma / sa tatotiraM cet saMbaMdhinau kevalau kathaM saMbaMdhau syAtA tattvAnyatvAbhyAmavAcyazcet kathaM vastubhUtaH syAt / bhavatu cArthAMtaramanAMtaraM vA saMbaMdhaH / sa tu dvayorekena kutaH svalakSaNa tattva hI binA apekSA sambandha ko prApta hotA hai| usa svalakSaNa sambandha se anya koI sambandha nahIM hai aura vaha svalakSaNarUpa sambandha anApekSika hai aura bauddhoM ko iSTa hI hai| isa kathana meM bauddha aura jainamata meM nAma mAtra kA vivAda hai| vAstavika vastu meM vivAda nahIM hai" isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya pratyuttara dete haiM ki kauna vAdI sambandha ko asvalakSaNa (svalakSaNa rahita) kahatA hai? arthAt koI nahIM kahatA hai kyoMki sambandha bhI svakIya lakSaNa se lakSyamANa hotA huA svalakSaNa svarUpa hI hai svalakSaNa ko chor3akara koI vastu rahatI hI nhiiN| bauddha prazna karate haiM ki- do sambandhiyoM ke madhya meM rahane vAlA sambandha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? isa para jaina yA anya koI yoM kahe ki eka saMyoga nAmaka guNa se athavA anya kisI antara sthita dharma ke dvArA avAcya vastu ke svarUpa se donoM kA sambandha honA bana jAtA hai, aisA kahane para to prazna uThatA hai ki antarAla meM sthita vaha avAcya vastu svarUpa una do sambandhiyoM se bhinna hai ? yA abhinna hai ? (arthAntara hai ? ki anarthAntara hai ?) yadi anarthAntara (abhinna) hai taba to kevala do sambaMdhiyoM ke mAnane kA hI prasaMga AyegA aura aisA hone para sambandha kI sthiti nahIM rahegI, sambandha siddha nahIM hogaa| yadi sambandha ko donoM sambandhiyoM se bhinna mAnate ho to pRthak sthita sambandha se kevala do sambaMdhiyoM kA sambandha kaise siddha hogA? yadi bhinna aura abhinna rUpa se nahIM kahane yogya (tattva aura atattva se rahita) avAcya sambandha hai to vaha avAcya sambandha vastubhUta kaise hogA ? yadi padArtha kaisA bhI ho, sambandha arthAntarabhUta (bhinna) ho cAhe anarthAntara bhUta ho to vaha sambandha do meM eka rUpa se kaise rahegA ? arthAt do sambandhiyoM meM kisI anya sambandha se rahane vAlA sambandha hotA hai| dUsare eka se sambandha mAnate haiM to bhI usake sAtha sambandha siddha nahIM ho sktaa| yadi dUsare eka sambandha se do ke sAtha sambandha kA sambandha mAnA jAyegA to anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt jaise AtmA aura jJAna meM rahane vAlA saMyoga sambandha guNa hone ke kAraNa samavAya sambandha se hai taba AtmA aura jJAna meM rahane vAlA samavAya bhI kisI dUsare sambandha se yukta hogA ataH anavasthA doSa aayegaa| isalie sambandha jJAna nahIM hai| bahuta dUra jAkara bhI do sambandhiyoM meM sambandha kA jJAna kaise bhI nahIM ho sakatA? arthAt sarva padArtha apane svarUpa meM sthita haiM, kisI kA kisI ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai|
Page #332
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 319 syAt / pareNaikena-saMbaMdhAditi cet tenApi na sNbNdhH| pareNaikena saMbaMdhAdityanavasthAnAt saMbaMdhamatiH sudUramapi gatvA dvayorekAbhisaMbaMdhamaMtareNApi saMbaMdhatvena kathaM na abhisaMbaMdhatvamati: kevalayo: saMbaMdhinoratiprasaMgAt / yadi saMbaMdhazca svenAsAdhAraNena rUpeNa sthitastadA siddhamamizraNamarthAnAM paramArthataH / taduktaM / "dvayorekAbhisaMbaMdhAt saMbaMdho yadi tadvayoH / kaH saMbaMdho'navasthA ca na saMbaMdhamatistathA // " "tau ca bhAvau tadanyazca sarve te svAtmani sthitAH / ityamizrAH svayaM bhAvAstanmizrayati kalpanA // " iti kathaM saMbaMdha: svalakSaNamiSyate saMbaMdhinorAMtaraM tato'natirasya tu tatheSTau na vastuvyatirekeNa saMbaMdhonyatra kalpanAmAtrAditi vadannapi na syaadvaadimtmvbudhyte| tadvibhedAbhedaikAMtaparAGmukhaM na taddoSAspadaM / yena rUpeNa lakSyamANaH saMbaMdho anyo vArthaH svalakSaNamiti tu parasparApekSabhedAbhedAtmakaM jAtyaMtaramevoktaM tasyAbAdhitapratItisiddhatvena svalakSaNavyapadezAt / tato na anyathA ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai aura kisI kA kisI ke bhI sAtha svAmI sambandha ho jaayegaa| yadi kahA jAe ki svakIya asAdhAraNa rUpa se sambandha sthita hai taba to paramArtha se padArthoM kA amizraNa rUpa (paraspara nahIM milane rUpa) asambandha hI siddha hotA hai arthAt sarva padArtha apane-apane svarUpa meM pRthak-pRthak avasthita haiM kisI kA kisI ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai| so hI kahA hai: - "donoM kA eka abhisambandha hone se yadi sambandha mAnA jAtA hai to phira una donoM kA kyA sambandha hogA? anavasthA hone se sambandha jJAna bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai" arthAt daMDa aura daMDI kA saMyoga sambandha mAnA jAye aura daNDa meM saMyoga guNa samavAya sambandha se rahe ataH saMyoga aura daNDa kA samavAya mAnA jaae| samavAya kA saMyojaka svayaMrUpa sambandha se aura samavAya meM svarUpa sambandha vizeSaNatA sambandha se rahatA hai| isa prakAra sambandhoM kI paramparA zAMta na hone se anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yaha anavasthA doSa sambandha jJAna nahIM hone detA hai tathA "ve donoM sambandhI rUpa bhAva aura unase bhinna sambandha tathA dUsare sarva padArtha svasvarUpa meM sthita haiM ata: sarva padArtha amizra haiM (paraspara bhinna-bhinna haiM, vyAvRta haiM mile hue nahIM haiN)| vyavahArI loga kalpanA jJAna se sambandha kI (mizraNa kI) kalpanA karate haiM" isalie sambandhiyoM se bhinna sambandha padArtha svalakSaNa kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt nhiiN| una sambandhiyoM se abhinna sambandha kA iSTa karoge to donoM sambandhI rUpa vastuoM se bhinna koI sambandha padArtha nahIM bana sktaa| kevala kalpanA ke atirikta sambandha koI vastu nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane vAlA saugatAnuyAyI bhI syAdvAda siddhAnta ko nahIM samajhatA hai, kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta bheda aura abheda ke ekAnta se parAGmukha hai| ata: doSa ke sthAna se rahita hai arthAt saugata ke dvArA kathita sambandha ke niSedha se sambandha siddhi meM diye gaye doSa syAdvAda siddhAnta meM lAgU nahIM ho skte| jisa rUpa se lakSita sambandha vA anya padArtha svalakSaNa hai ise paraspara sApekSa bhedAbhedAtmaka bhinna jAti vAlA padArtha kahA jAtA hai kathaJcit bhedAbhedAtmaka vastu kI abAdhita pratIti siddha hotI hai| isalie svalakSaNa isa nAma ko prApta hotA hai| tathA kalpanA ke anusAra calane vAle vyavahArI 1. pareNaikena sambandhAditicet tenApi na sambandhaH' yaha solApura prati meM nahIM hai|
Page #333
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 320 kalpanAmevAnuruMdhAnaiH pratipattRbhiH kriyAkArakavAcina: zabdAH saMyojyaMte'nyApohapratItyarthameveti ghaTate yenedaM zobheta / "tAmeva cAnuruMdhAnaiH kriyAkArakavAcinaH / bhAvabhedapratItyarthaM saMyojyaMte'bhidhAyikAH // " iti kriyAkArakAdInAM saMbaMdhinAM tatsaMbaMdhasya ca vasturUpapratItaye tadabhidhAyikAnAM prayogasiddheH sarvatrAnyApohasyaiva shbdaarthtvniraakrnnaacc| tataH kazcitkasyacitsvAmI saMbaMdhAtsidhyatyeveti svAmitvamarthAnAmadhigamyaM nirdezyatvavadupapannameva // na kiMcitkenacidvastu sAdhyate sanna cApyasat / tato na sAdhanaM nAmetyanye tepysduktyH||13|| sAdhanaM hi kAraNaM tacca na sadeva kAryaM sAdhayati svarUpavat , nApyasatkharaviSANavat / prAgasatsAdhayatIti na vA yuktaM, sadeva sAdhayatIti pakSAnatikramAt / na hyutpatteH prAgasat prAgeva kAraNaM niSpAdayati, tasyAsata eva nisspaadnprskteH| utpattikAle sadeva karotIti tu kathanena kathaM na satpakSaH / kathaMcitsaha karotItyapi na pratipattAoM (jJAtAoM) ke dvArA anyApoha kI pratIti ke lie kriyAkArakavAcI zabda jor3a liye jAte haiM, yaha kathana ghaTita nahIM hotA jisase ki saugata kA yaha siddhAnta zobhita hotA ho ki "kalpanAoM kA anurodha karane vAle jJAtAoM ke dvArA bhAvoM ke bheda kI pratIti karAne ke lie kriyAvAcI aura kArakavAcI zabda jor3a liye jAte haiM arthAt saugata siddhAnta meM kriyA kAla meM kAraka nahIM hai ataH kriyA-kAraka sambandha nahIM hai| vAcya-vAcaka bhAva bhI nahIM haiM ataH saugata kA kathana suSThu nahIM hai kyoMki kriyA, kAraka, jJApaka, Adi sambandhiyoM aura unake sambandha ke vAstavika svarUpa kA jJAna karane ke lie unake kahanevAle zabdoM kA prayoga karanA siddha hai tathA saba sthAnoM para anyApoha hI zabda kA vAcya artha hai isakA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai isalie koI eka vivakSita padArtha kisI eka kA svasvAmI sambandha ho jAne se svAmI siddha ho hI jAtA hai| isa prakAra padArthoM kA nirdezyapane ke samAna svAmIpanA bhI jAnane yogya hai| aba sAdhana anuyoga kA vicAra karate haiM : sat vastu kisI sAdhana (kAraNa) ke dvArA siddha nahIM kI jAtI hai aura sarvathA asat vastu bhI kisI sAdhana ke dvArA siddha nahIM kI jAtI hai ataH sAdhana nAmaka koI padArtha nahIM hai, aisA anya koI vAdI (kAryakAraNa bhAva ko nahIM mAnane vAle bauddha) kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha bhI asad ukti hai, arthAt samIcIna nahIM hai||13|| kyoMki, kArya-kAraNa bhAva dRSTigocara hai| sAdhana kA artha kAraNa hai aura yaha sAdhana rUpa kAraNa svarUpa ke samAna sat kArya ko siddha nahIM karatA hai aura gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna asat kArya ko bhI siddha nahIM karatA hai| "pUrva meM jo asat hai usako sAdhana siddha karatA hai"-aisA kahanA bhI yukta nahIM haiM, kyoMki isa kathana se sat kArya hI sAdhana banatA hai isa pakSa kA atikramaNa nahIM hotA hai arthAt sat padArtha ko hI kAraNa siddha karatA hai ata: siddha sAdhana hai| utpatti ke pUrva asat kArya ko kAraNa pUrva meM hI banA liyA hai-isa prakAra to nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki, aisA mAnane para asat kArya ke utpAdana kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt kAraNa asat padArthoM kA utpAdaka ho jaayegaa| utpatti kAla meM kAraNa sad padArthoM ko hI utpanna karatA hai-aisA kahane
Page #334
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 321 vyavatiSThate, yena rUpeNa sattena karaNAyogAdanyathA svAtmanopi karaNaprasaMgAt / yena cAtmanA tadasattenApi na kAryatAmiyarti zazaviSANavadityubhayadoSAvakAzAt / sadasadrUpaM kAryaM nA'nAkulaM, na ca kathaMcidapi kAryamasAdhayat kiMcitsAdhanaM nAma kAryakaraNabhAvasya tttvtosNbhvaacc| taduktaM / "kAryakAraNabhAvopi tayorasahabhAvataH / prasiddhyati kathaM dviSTho'dviSThe saMbaMdhatA kathaM // " "krameNa bhAva ekatra vartamAnonyanispRhaH / tadabhAvepi bhAvAcca saMbaMdho naikavRttimAn / / " "yadyapekSya tayorekamanyatrAsau prvrtte| upakArI hyapekSa: syAt kathaM copakarotyasat para to satpakSa kyoM nahIM AyegA ? arthAt sat aura asat donoM pakSoM meM bhI kArya kAraNa bhAva siddha nahIM hotA hai| ____ kisI dravya kI apekSA sat aura kathaJcit paryAya kI apekSA asat kArya ko kAraNa utpanna karatA hai, yaha syAdvAda pakSa bhI vyavasthita nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki jisa svarUpa se kArya sat hai usa svarUpa se usakA karanA nahIM ho sakatA hai| anyathA (yadi satsvarUpa kA bhI punaH utpAdana kiyA jAtA hai taba to) kAraNoM ke apanI AtmA ke bhI punaH niSpAdana karane kA prasaMga AtA hai| jisa svarUpa se vaha kArya asat hai usI svarUpa se kArya ko prApta karatA hai-aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki zaza ke sIMga ke samAna asat ke utpAda kA prasaMga AtA hai ata: ubhaya (donoM) doSoM kA avakAza (sthAna) hone se syAdvAdiyoM kA sat-asat rUpa kArya kA pakSa lenA bhI anAkula nahIM hai arthAt AkulatA utpAdaka hone se sadoSa hai ata: kisI bhI prakAra se kArya ko nahIM banAtA huA to koI sAdhana siddha nahIM ho sktaa| isalie paramArtha se kArya kAraNa bhAva kI asaMbhavatA hai| sohI bauddha granthoM meM kahA hai "kArya-kAraNa bhAva bhI eka kAla meM donoM eka sAtha na rahane se adviSTha meM dviSTha sambandhatA kaise siddha ho sakatI hai arthAt kArya-kAraNa bhAva do padArthoM meM rahatA hai vaha eka sAtha eka kAla meM rahatA nahIM hai, kAraNa ke samaya kArya nahIM hai aura kAryakAla meM kAraNa nahIM hai ataH dviSTha sambandha kI asaMbhavatA hai ata: do padArthoM meM rahane vAle kArya-kAraNa meM sambandha kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai ? (1) sambandha nAma kA padArtha eka kAraNa yA kArya meM rahatA huA tathA kArya aura kAraNoM meM se eka kI bhI apekSA na karatA huA eka meM hI sthita rahane vAlA vRttimAna (sambandha) nahIM bana sakatA kyoMki kArya aura kAraNa meM se eka ke na hote hue bhI sambandha raha jAtA hai, aisA mAnA gayA hai| parantu kevala eka meM rahane vAlA sambandha nahIM hotA hai| (2) yadi kArya-kAraNabhAva vAdI kahe ki kArya aura kAraNa meM se eka kArya athavA kAraNa kI apekSA karake zeSa bace anya kArya aura kAraNa meM vaha sambandha krama se pravRtti karatA hai ataH apekSA sahita hone se do meM rahane vAlA hI mAnA jAtA hai to jo apekSya hai (jisakI apekSA kI jAtI hai, vaha upakArI honA cAhie) arthAt upakArI kI hI apekSA hotI hai, anya (anupakArI) kArya kAraNoM kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| parantu jaba kAryakAla meM kAraNa aura kAraNa kAla meM kArya bhAva avidyamAna hai to vaha upakAra kaise kara sakatA hai ?
Page #335
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 322 // " "yadyekArthAbhisaMbaMdhAtkAryakAraNatA tayoH / prAptA dvitvAdisaMbaMdhAt savyetaraviSANayoH // " "dviSTho hi kazcitsaMbaMdho nAtonyattasya lakSaNaM / bhAvAbhAvopadhiryoga: kAryakAraNatA yadi // " yogopAdhI na tAveva kAryakAraNatAtra kiN| bhedAccenna tvayaM zabdo niyoktAraM smaashritH||" "pazyannekamadRSTasya darzane tadadarzane / apazyatkAryamanveti vinApyAkhyAtRbhirjanaH // " darzanAdarzane muktvA kAryabuddharasaMbhavAt / kAryAdizrutirapyatra lAghavArthaM nivezitA // " "tadbhAvabhAvAttatkAryagatiryasya tu vartate / saMketaviSayAkhyA sA saasnaadeogtirythaa||" (3) yadi eka sambandha rUpa artha se ba~dha jAne ke kAraNa kAryatva aura kAraNatva rUpa se svIkRta kramavartI padArthoM meM kArya-kAraNa bhAva mAnA jAtA hai taba to baila ke dAyeM, bAyeM sIMga meM dvitva saMkhyA Adi zabda ke dUravartI nikaTavartI padArthoM meM hone vAle kAla, deza sambandhI paratva, aparatva vibhAga, Adi ke sambandha se kArya-kAraNa bhAva prApta ho jAegA kyoMki, donoM sIMga meM dvitva vibhAga Adi vidyamAna haiN| . (4) koI sambandhavAdI kahate haiM ki sambandha dviSTha hai| isase anya dviSTha kA lakSaNa nahIM hai, kyoMki bhAvAbhAvopadhi (jisake hone para honA aura nahIM hone para nahIM honA rUpa upAdhi) yoga-kArya kAraNatA hai taba to sabhI sambandha siddha nahIM hote haiN| aisA hone para usa bhAva-abhAva rUpa vizeSaNa ko hI kArya kAraNa bhAva kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai| asat sambandha kI kalpanA karane se kyA lAbha hai? yogopAdhI (jisake hone para honA aura jisake nahIM hone para nahIM honA) ve donoM anvaya vyatireka bhI kArya kAraNatA nahIM hai kyoMki isameM bheda se eka kArya-kAraNa bhAva zabda ke dvArA anvaya vyatireka rUpa prameya nahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoMki, zabda to prayoga karane vAle ke AdhIna hai arthAt niyoga karane vAlA zabda kA jisa prakAra prayoga karatA hai zabda usI prakAra ke artha ko kaha detA hai| ____ jisa kAraNa se jAnane yogya parantu kAraNa ke pUrva dRSTigocara nahIM hone para bhI vartamAna me sthita kArya ko dekhakara "vaha isase utpanna huA" isa bAta ke upadezaka puruSa ke binA bhI munaSya jAna lete haiM aura kArya kA jJAna kara lete haiN| darzana, adarzana (viSayarUpa bhAva aura abhAva) ko chor3akara kArya buddhi kI asaMbhavatA hai| arthAt viSaya svarUpa bhAva aura abhAva ke sivAya kArya buddhi kucha jAnatI hI nahIM hai| yaha isakA kArya hai, ityAdi kAryAdi zruti (zabda vyavahAra) ko bhI lAghava ke lie niviSTa kiyA gayA hai| arthAt jisake hone para hotA hai jisake nahIM hone para nahIM hotA hai itanA vistArapUrvaka na kaha kara "yaha isakA kArya hai" "yaha isakA kAraNa hai" aisA zabda bola diyA jAtA hai| bhAva aura abhAva rUpa hetu ke dvArA jo kArya jJAna hone kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, va jisa kArya kA kathana kiyA hai vaha bhI isa kAraNa kA yaha kArya hai, aura isa kArya kA yaha kAraNa hai, isa saMketa ke viSaya ko hI karatA hai| (vastubhUta kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko nahIM btaataa)| jaise sAsnA (gale meM laTakatA huA carma) Adi zabda se sIMga pUMcha ke dvArA gau (gAya) kA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai arthAt gau aura sAsnA Adi kA kArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM hai jJApya-jJApaka bhAva ho sakatA 1. bhedAccennanvayaM yaha pATha maa0pr0|
Page #336
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 323 "bhAve bhAvini tadbhAvo bhAva eva ca bhaavitaa| prasiddha hetuphalate prtykssaanuplbhtH||" "etAvanmAtratattvArthAH kAryakAraNagocarAH / vikalpA darzayaMtyarthAn mithyArthAn ghttitaaniv||" "bhinne kA ghaTanA'bhinne kAryakAraNatApi kA / bhAve vAnyasya vizliSTau zliSTau syAtAM kathaM na tau // " iti| tadetadasaddUSaNaM / svAbhimatepyakAryakAraNabhAve samAnatvAt / tthaahi| akAryakAraNabhAvodviSTha eva kathamasahabhAvinoH kAryakAraNatvAbhyAM nissedhyyorrthyorvrtte| na vA dviSThosau saMbaMdhAbhAvattvavirodhAt / pUrvatra bhAve vartitvA paratra krameNa vartamAnopi yadi sonyanispRha evaikatra kArya nAmaka padArtha ke hone para kAraNa kA bhAva honA hI kAraNatva hai| aura kAraNa ke hone para hI kArya kA honA kAryatva hai| isa prakAra pratyakSa aura anupalambha se hetutA evaM kAryatA donoM prasiddha haiN| isa prakAra bhAva, abhAva hI kArya-kAraNatA hai, usase bhinna nahIM ataH kevala itane hI bhAva aura abhAva rUpa tattva kA viSaya lekara utpanna hone vAle asatya vikalpajJAna kArya-kAraNa kA viSaya kara rahe haiM, aura asatya artha ko viSaya karane vAle ve vikalpa jJAna pratyeka asambaddha padArtha ko bhI paraspara sambaddhoM ke samAna dikhalAte haiN| athavA, yaha kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko prApta huA artha bhinna hai yA abhinna hai? yadi kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko prApta huA artha sarvathA bhinna hai to bhinna padArthoM meM saMyojanA (kArya kAraNatA) kaise ghaTita ho sakatI hai? kyoMki, ve svakIya-svakIya pRthak-pRthak svabhAvoM meM vyavasthita haiN| yadi abhinna mAnoge to abhinna (akele) meM kArya, kAraNatA kaise ho sakatI hai ? arthAt nahIM ho sktii| - yadi sarvathA bhinna aura abhinna na mAnakara eka sambandha nAma ke padArtha se jur3e hue padArthoM kA sambandha mAnate haiM to ve bhinna sambandha se vibhakta sthita ve kArya-kAraNa rUpa do padArtha mile hue kaise ho sakate haiM ? (ata: sAdhana nAmaka padArtha nahIM hai|) aba jainAcArya isake pratyuttara meM kahate haiM ki isa prakAra dUSaNa uThAnA samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise bauddhoM ke dvArA kArya-kAraNa bhAva meM dUSaNa diye haiM ve dUSaNa bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta akArya-kAraNa bhAva meM bhI samAna rUpa.se upasthita haiN| usI ko spaSTa karate haiM; dviSTha akArya-kAraNa bhAva kArya-kAraNa bhAva ke dvArA niSedhya do asahabhAvI arthoM meM kaise rahatA hai ? yaha akArya-kAraNa bhAva adviSTha (do meM nahIM rahane vAlA) bhI nahIM hai| (dviSTha do meM rahane vAlA hai) kyoMki akArya-kAraNa bhAva ko do meM rahane vAlA nahIM mAnane para usake sambandhAbhAva kA virodha AtA hai| pUrva bhAva meM rahakara punaH dUsare padArtha meM rahatA huA vaha akAryakAraNa bhAva yadi anya kI spRhA (apekSA) nahIM karatA hai to eka meM rahane vAlA vaha asambandha kaise ho sakatA hai| abhI taka nahIM utpanna, paravartI padArtha ke na hone para bhI pUrva samayavartI padArtha meM rahane vAlA aura pUrva padArtha ke naSTa hone ke kAraNa abhAva ho jAne para bhI uttara samayavartI padArthoM meM rahatA huA vaha asambandha eka meM hI rhegaa| "pUrva padArtha meM rahane vAlA asambandha parakI apekSA karatA hai aura para samayavartI padArthoM meM rahatA huA pUrva samayavartI padArtha kI apekSA rakhatA hai, ata: anya nispRhatA na hone ke kAraNa asambandha do meM rahane vAlA hI hai|" aisA bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki anupakAraka pUrva padArtha uttara padArtha kI
Page #337
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 324 tiSThatkathamasaMbaMdha: ? parasya hyanutpannasyAbhAvepi pUrvatra vartamAnaH pUrvasya ca naSTatvenAbhAvepi paratra vartamAnosAvekavRttireva syAt / pUrvatra vartamAnaH paramapekSate paratra ca tiSThatpUrvamato saMbaMdho dviSTha evAnyanispRhatvAbhAvAditi cet kathamanupakAraM tathottaramapekSyateti prsNgaat| sopakArakamapekSata iti ceta nAsatastadopakArakatvAyogAt / yadi punarekenAbhisaMbaMdhAtpUrva-parayorakAryakAraNabhAvastadA savyetaraviSANayoH sa syAdekena dvitvAdinAbhisaMbaMdhAt / tathA ca siddhasAdhyatA / dviSTho hi kazcidasaMbaMdho nAtonyattasya lakSaNaM yenAbhimatasiddhiH / yadi puna: pUrvasyAbhAva eva yo bhAvo'bhAve'bhAvastadupadhiyogo-kAryakAraNabhAvastadA tAveva bhAvAbhAvAvayogopAdhI kiM no'kAryakAraNabhAva: syAt tayorbhedAditi cet, zabdasya niyoktRsamAzritatvena bhedepyabhedavAcinaH prayogAbhyupagamAt / svayaM hi lokoyamekamadRSTasya darzanepyapazyaMstadadarzane ca apekSA kyoM karegA ? anyathA (yadi anupakAraka padArtha kI apekSA karegA to) atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| "tathA upakAra karane vAle uttara padArtha kI pUrva padArtha apekSA karatA hai" aisA kaha nahIM sakate ? kyoMki usa samaya avidyamAna padArthoM ke upakArakatva kA ayoga hai| yadi kisI eka padArtha se pUrA sambandha ho jAne ke kAraNa pUrva uttara padArthoM meM, akAryakAraNa bhAva mAnA jAyegA to baila ke dAyeM, bAyeM sIMgoM meM bhI akArya kAraNa bhAva ho jAnA cAhie kyoMki eka kA dvitva Adi ke sAtha sambandha pAyA jAtA hai aura aisA hone para siddha sAdhyapanA hI hai arthAt isa prakAra sambandha puSTa ho jAtA hai| jo koI bhI asambandha hai vaha do Adi padArthoM meM hI hai-isase bhinna asambandha kA koI lakSaNa nahIM hai jisase ki bauddhoM ke abhimata kI siddhi ho sakatI ho| , "pUrvavartI padArtha kA abhAva hone para hI uttaravartI padArtha kA sadbhAva hai, tathA pUrvavartI padArtha kA sadbhAva uttaravartI padArtha kA abhAva hai| usa upAdhi kA yoga (arthAt ayoga vizeSaNa hI) akAryakAraNa bhAva hai| bauddha ke aisA kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA hone para to ve (bhAva aura abhAva hI ayoga vizeSaNa vAle hokara) akArya-kAraNa bhAva kyoM nahIM mAna liye jAte haiM ? avidyamAna (asat) asambandha kI kalpanA se kyA prayojana hai ? bauddha kahate haiM ki bhAva aura abhAva ke sAtha usa akArya kAraNa bhAva kA vizeSya vizeSaNa hone ke kAraNa unameM bheda hai ata: vaha ayoga hI akArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM ho sktaa| isake uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki zabda to prayoktA ke adhIna hokara pravRtta hotA hai| arthAt prayoktA jisa prakAra eka artha yA aneka artha vAle zabda ko bolatA hai, zabda vaisA hI artha kaha detA hai| ata: bheda hone para bhI abheda ko kahane vAle zabda kA prayoga karanA mAna liyA jAtA hai| adRSTa akArya ke vartamAna meM darzana hone para bhI eka akAraNa ko nahIM dekhatA huA aura usake nahIM dIkhane para bhI dekhatA huA laukika jana samudAya vyAkhyAtAoM ke binA bhI 'yaha isakA akArya hai' aura
Page #338
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 325 pazyadvinApyAkhyAtabhirakAryamavabudhyate / na ca tathA darzanAdarzane muktvA kvacidakAryabuddhirasti / na ca tayorakAryAdizrutirvirudhyate lAghavArthatvAt tnniveshsy| yA punaratadbhAvAbhAvAdakAryagatirupavarNyate sA saMketaviSayAkhyA, yathA asAsnAderagogatiH / naitAvatA tattvatokAryakAraNabhAvo naam| bhAve hi abhAvinI vA bhAvitA ahetuphalate prsiddhe| prasiddhe pratyakSAnupalaMbhAbhyAmeva / tadetAvanmAtratattvArthA evAkAryakAraNagocarA vikalpA darzayaMtyarthAn mithyArthAtsvayamaghaTitAnapIti samAyAtaM / bhinne hi bhAve kA nAmAghaTanA tatkvAnyAvabhAsate? yenAsau tAttvikI syAt / abhinne sutarAM nAghaTanA / na ca bhinnAvoM kenacidakAryakAraNabhAvena yogAdakAryakAraNabhUtau syAtAM saMbaMdhavidhiprasaMgAt / tadevaM na tAttviko'rtho nAma kAryakAraNabhAvo vyavatiSThate'kAryakAraNabhAvavat / svasvabhAvavyavasthitArthAn vihAya nAnyaH kazcidakAryakAraNabhAvostviti / tathA vyavahArastu kalpanAmAtranirmita eva kAryakAraNavyavahAravaditicet tarhi vAstava eva 'yaha isakA akAraNa hai,' aisA svayaM samajha lete haiN| darzana, adarzana yA inake viSayabhAva abhAva ko chor3akara kahIM bhI akArya buddhi nahIM hotI hai tathA bhAva aura abhAva hI akArya haiM aura akAraNa haiM ityAdi zabda prayoga bhI una donoM meM viruddha nahIM par3ate haiM kyoMki una zabdoM kA niveza karanA lAghava ke lie hai| jo phira usa bhAva, abhAva ke na hone se akAryapane kA jJAna honA kahA jAtA hai, vaha kevala saMketa viSaya kI vyAkhyA karane vAlA hai| jaise ki sAsnA Adika ke abhAva se gau se bhinna ago (padArtha) kA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai| itane mAtra se paramArtha rUpa se akAryakAraNa bhAva kaise bhI nahIM bana sakatA ata: akArya rUpa bhAva ke na hone para akAraNa kA honA athavA akAraNa ke na hone para akArya kA honA hI ahetu phalapanA prasiddha hai| isa prakAra pratyakSa aura anupalaMbha se hI akAryatA aura akAraNatA prasiddha ho jAtI hai| itanA mAtra hI tattva artha, akArya kAraNagocara vikalpa dikhAtA hai| ataH ve asatya mithyA artha ko viSaya karane vAle haiN| bhinna padArtha meM asambandha bhI kyA ho sakatA hai ? aura vaha asambandha bhinna rahakara kahA~ pratibhAsita hotA hai? arthAt vaha asambandha padArthoM se pRthak kahIM bhI pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai, jisase vaha asambandha tAttvika ho sakatA ho| abhinna padArthoM meM sulabhatA se asambandha nahIM ho sakatA, tathA bhinna par3e hue artha bhI kisI akAryakAraNa bhAva se ba~dha jAne ke kAraNa akArya aura akAraNa svarUpa ho jaayeNge| aura aisA hone para bauddhoM ko vAstavika sambandha ke vidhAna karane kA prasaMga AegA ata: isa prakAra akArya kAraNa bhAva bhI vAstavika artha siddha nahIM ho sktaa| jaise bauddhoM ke kArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM banatA hai| ___nija svabhAva meM vyavasthita ho rahe padArthoM ko chor3akara anya koI akAryakAraNa bhAva nahIM hai tathA loka meM jo akArya kAraNa kI vyavasthA hai, vaha kevala kalpanA-kalpita hai, jaise kArya kAraNa bhAva kA
Page #339
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 326 kaarykaarnnbhaavo'kaarykaarnnbhaavvt| kevalaM tadvyavahAro vikalpazabdalakSaNo vikalpanirmita iti kimaniSTaM / vasturUpayorapi kAryakAraNabhAve tayorabhAvo vastutveti na tu yuktaM, vyAghAtAt kvacinnIletaratvAbhAvavat / tato yadi kutazcitpramANAt kAryakAraNabhAvaH paramArthataH keSAMcidarthAnAM sidhyet tadA tata eva kAryakAraNabhAvopi pratIteravizeSAttathaiva hi gavAdInAmasAdhyasAdhanabhAvaH parasparamatadbhAvabhAvitvapratItervyavaMtiSThate / tathAgnidhUmAdInAM sAdhyasAdhanabhAvopi tadbhAvabhAvitvapratIterbAdhakAbhAvAt / nanvakasmAdagniM dhUmaM vA kevalaM pazyataH kAraNatvaM kAryatvaM vA kiM na pratibhAtIticet kiM punarakAraNatvamakAryatvaM vA pratibhAti / sAtizayasaMvidAM pratibhAtyeveti vyavahAra kalpita hai| bauddha ke isa kathana para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to akArya-kAraNa bhAva ke samAna kArya-kAraNa bhAva vAstavika siddha ho jAtA hai| kevala unakA vikalpa zabda lakSaNa vyavahAra satya kalpanAoM ke vikalpa se nirmita hai| aisA mAnanA aniSTa kyoM hai ? bhAvArtha : kArya kAraNa bhAva aura akArya kAraNa bhAva ye donoM hI vastu ke svabhAva haiN| jaiseM AtmA aura AkAza kA akArya aura akAraNa bhAva ina donoM kA svabhAvabhUta tathA jJAna aura AtmA kA kaary| kAraNa bhAva bhI AtmA aura jJAna kA svabhAva hai| aise nija svabhAva meM vastu vyavasthita hai| saMsAra meM svabhAva aura svabhAvavAna ke atirikta anya koI vastubhUta padArtha nahIM hai| vastubhUta padArthoM kA kArya kAraNa svabhAva mAnate hue bhI kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA abhAva kahanA aura usa kArya kAraNa bhAva ke abhAva ko vastu kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki, isa kathana meM vyAghAta doSa AtA hai arthAt ye donoM vAkya paraspara virodhI haiN| jaise kisI padArtha meM nIla se bhinnapanA svIkAra karake punaH nIletara kA abhAva kahanA vyAghAta doSa se yukta hai| yadi kisI bhI pramANa se kinhIM arthoM kA paramArtha rUpa se akArya kAraNa bhAva siddha karate ho to usI kAraNa se kArya-kAraNa bhAva bhI siddha ho jaayegaa| kyoMki pratIti meM donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| jisa prakAra gau, bhaiMsa Adi kI paraspara meM anvaya-vyatireka se hone aura na hone kI pratIti na hone ke kAraNa asAdhya sAdhanapanA vyavasthita hai, usI prakAra agni, dhUma, kRtakatva, anityatva Adi kA bhI usake hone se honA pratIta hone se sAdhya sAdhana bhAva vyavasthita ho jAtA hai ata: isa bhAva bhAvitva pratIti meM bAdhaka kA abhAva hai arthAt jJApya, jJApaka aura kArya kAraNa bhAva ko prApta padArthoM meM sAdhya, sAdhanatva pramANoM ke dvArA siddha hai| prazna : akasmAt kevala dhUma yA kevala agni ko dekhane vAle puruSa ke agni meM kAraNatva aura dhUma meM kAryatva kA pratibhAsa kyoM nahI hotA hai ? uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki agni meM akAraNatA tathA dhUma meM akAryatA kA kyA jJAna ho jAtA hai? akAraNa-kArya bhAva jJAta ho jAtA hai ? bauddha kahatA hai ki sAtizaya jJAnI janoM ko akAraNatA kA aura akArya kA pratibhAsa hotA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane para to "sAtizaya jJAnI janoM ko
Page #340
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 327 cet , kAraNatvaM kAryatvaM vA tatra teSAM na pratibhAtIti kozapAnaM vidheyaM / asmadAdInAM tu tadapratibhAsanaM tathA nizcayAnupapatteH kSaNakSayAdivat / tathobhayatra samAnaM / yathaiva hi tadbhAvabhAvitvAnadhyavasAyinAM na kvacitkAryatvakAraNatvanizcayosti tathA svayamatadbhAvabhAvitvavyavasAyinAmakAryakAraNatvanizcayopi pratiniyatasAmagrI sApekSakatvAdvastudharmanizcayasya / na hi sarvatra samAnasAmagrIprabhAvo nirNayastasyAntaraGga bahiraGga sAmagrI vaicitryadarzanAt / dhUmAdijJAnasAmagrImAtrAttatkAryatvAdinizcayAnutpatteH na kAryatvAdi dhUmAdisvarUpamiti cet tarhi kSaNikatvAdirapi tatsvarUpaM mAbhUttata eva kSaNikatvAbhAve vastutvameva na syAditi cet kAryatvakAraNatvAbhAvepi kuto vastutvaM kharazRMgavat / sarvathApyakAryakAraNasya vastutvAnupapatteH kUTasthavat / agni aura dhUma meM kAraNa kAryatA kA pratibhAsa (jJAna) nahIM pratibhAsita hotA hai," isa viSaya meM kyA saugata ne saugandha khAI hai ? arthAt akAraNa kAryatA ke samAna atizaya jJAnI janoM ko kAraNa kAryatA kA jJAna bhI honA caahie| parantu hamAre sarIkhe sAdhAraNa logoM ko usa prakAra kA nizcaya na hone ke kAraNa inakA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| jaise svalakSaNa kA pratyakSa ho jAne para bhI usake abhinna svabhAva kSaNikatva kA nizcaya na hone se pratyakSa dvArA ullekhanIya jJAna nahIM hotA hai ata: isa prakAra akArya-kAraNa aura kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA hamAre sarIkhe sAdhAraNa jIvoM ko jJAna nahIM honA donoM meM eka samAna hai| __jaise kahIM para (kisI sthala meM) jisake hone para hI hone kA nirNaya karAne vAloM ko kisI padArtha meM kArya kAraNa bhAva kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra jisake nahIM hone para nahIM hone kA nirNaya karAne vAloM ke akAraNa aura akArya kA nizcaya bhI kisI AtmA, AkAza Adi meM nahIM ho pAtA hai| dharmI ke dekhane para zIghra dharma kA nirNaya ho jAe, aisA niyama nahIM hai kyoMki vastu ke dharmoM kA nizcaya honA pratyeka niyata sAmagrI kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hai| sarvatra dharmI aura dharmoM kI sadRza sAmagrI se hI nirNaya utpanna nahIM hotA hai kyoMki usake nirNaya meM bahiraMga aura aMtaraMga sAmagrI kI vicitratA dekhI jAtI hai| (arthAt kvacit dharmI kA jJAna hone para usake dharmoM (svabhAvoM) kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| jaise AtmA-rUpI dharmI kA jJAna ho jAne para bhI usake ananta dharmoM kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| kvacit dharmoM kA jJAna hokara bhI dharmI kA vizada jJAna nahIM ho pAtA hai jaise AkAza ke avakAza denA Adi dharmoM kA jJAna hone para bhI dharmI AkAza kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai|) _ "dhUma Adi ke jJAnoM kI sAmAnya sAmagrI mAtra se unake kArya aura kAraNatva kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai ata: kAryatva kAraNatva Adi dhUma Adi ke svarUpa nahIM haiM, svabhAva nahIM haiN|" isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to una nIla Adika svalakSaNoM ke bhI kSaNikatva, sUkSmatva Adi svarUpa nahIM ho skeNge| kyoMki saugata meM zraddhAna karane vAloM ne svalakSaNa ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpa pratyakSa ke dvArA kSaNikatva Adi kA nizcaya honA svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki kSaNikatva ke abhAva meM vastutva hI nahIM rahatA hai taba to kArya, kAraNatva ke abhAva meM bhI gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna vastutva kaise raha sakatA hai ? arthAt kArya-kAraNa ke abhAva meM jaise gadhe ke sIMga kA astitva nahIM rahatA hai usI prakAra kArya-kAraNa ke abhAva meM vastutva bhI nahIM raha sktaa|
Page #341
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 328 kSaNikaikAMtavadvA vizeSAsaMbhavAt / nanu ca sadapi kAryatvaM kAraNatvaM vA vastutvasvarUpaM na sNbNdho'dvisstthtvaat| kAryatvaM kAraNe hi na vartate kAraNatvaM vA kArye yena dviSThaM bhavet / kAryakAraNabhAvastayoreko vartamAnaH saMbaMdha iti cenna, tasya kAryakAraNAbhyAM bhinnasyApratIte : / satopi pratyekaparisamAptyA tatra vRttau tsyaanektvaaptteH| ekadezena vRttau sAvayavatvAnuSakteH svAvayaveSvapi vRttau prakRtaparyanuyogasya tadavasthatvAdanavasthAnAvatArAt / kAryakAraNAMtarAle tasyopalaMbhaprasaMgAcca tAbhyAM tasyAbhedepi kathamekatvaM bhinnaabhyaambhinnsyaabhinntvvirodhaat| svayamabhinnasyApi bhinnArthastAdAtmye paramANorekasya sakalArthestAdAtmyaprasaMgAdekaparamANumAtraM jagatsyAt sarvathA akArya-kAraNa ke vastupanA asiddha hai| jaise sAMkhya ke dvArA svIkRta kUTastha nitya AtmA, athavA bauddhoM ke dvArA mAnA gayA vastu kA kSaNikatva siddha nahIM hai ekAnta avastu hai kyoMki artha kriyAkAabhAva hone se kUTastha nitya aura kSaNika ekAnta meM vizeSatA kI asaMbhavatA hai arthAt jo kisI kA kAraNa vA kArya nahIM hai vaha paramArtha rUpa padArtha nahIM hai| zaMkA : kAryatva aura kAraNatva ke sadbhUta hote hue bhI sambandha ke dviSTha hone se sambandha vastusvarUpa nahIM hai| arthAt sambandha do vastu meM rahatA hai, parantu kArya-kAraNa bhAva do meM nahIM rahatA hai| ata: kArya kAraNa sambandha vAstavika nahIM hai kyoMki, kAraNa meM kAryatva aura kArya meM kAraNatva nahIM rahatA hai jisase ki vaha donoM meM raha sakatA ho| "do meM rahane vAlA eka kArya-kAraNa bhAva hai" aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki kArya kAraNa se bhinna usa kArya kAraNa bhAva kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| tathA kArya kAraNa bhAva ko sadrUpa mAna liyA jAe to bhI usa kArya kAraNa bhAva sambandhI kArya aura kAraNoM meM pratyeka meM paripUrNa rUpa se vRtti mAnanI par3egI ? tabato vaha sambandha anekapana ko prApta ho jAegA arthAt jo padArtha eka hI samaya apane pUre zarIra se do meM rahatA hai, vaha eka nahIM hai vastuta: ve do haiN| yadi usa eka sambandha ko kucha ekadeza se kAraNa meM aura ekadeza se kArya meM rahane vAlA mAneMge to sambandha meM sAvayava kA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki jo sAvayavI hotA hai vahI eka-eka bhAga se aneka meM sthita raha sakatA hai aura ekadeza svarUpa apane avayavoM meM bhI avayavI kI ekadeza se hI vRtti mAnI jAyegI to phira prakaraNa prApta prazna uThAnA vaise kA vaisA hI avasthita rahegA ataH anavasthA doSa aaegaa| __ athavA kArya kAraNa bhAva ke madhya meM rahane vAle usa kArya kAraNa bhAva ke upalaMbha hone kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt jaise do kapar3oM ke jor3a (sambandha) meM DorA dRSTigocara hotA hai, parantu dhUma aura agni ke madhya meM rahane vAlA kArya-kAraNa bhAva dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahA hai| kArya-kAraNa meM sambandha kA abheda mAnane para bhI vaha sambandha eka kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki jo do bhinna padArthoM se abhinna hai, usako ekapana kA virodha hai svayaM abhinna padArtha kA yadi bhinna arthoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha mAnA jAegA to eka paramANu ke bhI sampUrNa padArthoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya hone kA prasaMga AegA aura aisA hone para sarva jagat paramANu mAtra ho jAegA arthAt eka paramANu hI sarva jagat svarUpa ho jAtA hai|
Page #342
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 329 / sakalajagatsvarUpo vA paramANuriti bhedAbhedaikAMtavAdinorupalaMbhaH syAdvAdinastathAnabhyupagamAt / kAryakAraNabhAvasya hi saMbaMdhasyAbAdhitatathAvidhapratyayArUDhasya svasaMbaMdhino vRttiH kathaMcittAdAtmyamevAnekAMtavAdinocyate / svAkAreSu jJAnavRttivat kutonekasaMbaMdhitAdAtmye kAryakAraNabhAvasya saMbaMdhasyaikatvaM na virudhyate iti cet, nAnAkAratAdAtmye jJAnasyaikatvaM kuto na virudhyate ? tadazakyavivecanatvAditi cet tata evAnyatrApi kAryakAraNayorhi dravyarUpatayaikatvAt kAryakAraNabhAvasyaikatvamucyate na ca tasya zabde vivecanatvaM mRdravyAt kuzUlaghaTayorhetuphalabhAvenopagatayordravyAMtaraM netumazakteH / kramabhuvoH paryAyayorekadravyapratyAsatterupAdAnopAdeyatvasya vacanAt / na caivaMvidhaH kAryakAraNabhAvaH siddhAMtaviruddhaH sahakArikAraNena kAryasya kathaM yat uttara : isa prakAra bheda ekAnta aura abheda ekAnta vAdiyoM ke dvArA kathita upalaMbha (ulAhanA) syAdvAdiyoM ke prati lAgU nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki syAdvAdiyoM ne isa prakAra kA ekAnta svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta ke nirbAdha jJAna meM ArUr3ha kArya-kAraNa bhAva nAmaka sambandha kI apane pratiyogI, anuyogI rUpa sambandhiyoM meM kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha rUpa hI vRtti svIkRta hai| jaise ki bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta jJAna kI svakIya AkAroM meM kathaJcit tAdAtmya vRtti hai| aisA kahA jAtA hai arthAt jaise jJAna eka hokara bhI aneka AkAroM meM rahatA hai vaise hI eka sambandha kathaJcit aneka sambandhiyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha se rahatA hai| aneka sambandhiyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya hone para kArya-kAraNa bhAva sambandha kA ekatva viruddha kaise nahIM hai ? aisA bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddha siddhAnta meM eka jJAna aneka AkAroM meM viruddha kaise nahIM hai ? "eka jJAna kA aneka AkAroM se pRthak vivecana karanA zakya nahIM hai| isalie eka jJAna aneka AkAroM ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai"| bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para, jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha kathana to anyatra (kArya kAraNa bhAva meM) bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki eka kArya kAraNa bhAva sambandha kA do Adi sambandhiyoM meM se pRthak karanA azakya hai| kArya aura kAraNa ke niyama se dravyarUpapane se eka hone ke kAraNa kArya-kAraNa bhAva sambandha kA ekapanA kahA gayA hai| usa sambandha kA zabda ke nimitta se (zabda ke dvArA) pRthak karaNa nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki dravyatva sAmAnya kI apekSA ve donoM eka haiN| jaise hetu (kAraNa) aura phala (kArya) bhAva ko prApta kuzUla (ghaTa kI pUrvavartI paryAya) aura ghaTa ko miTTIdravya se pRthak karanA zakya nahIM hai| arthAt kAraNa aura kArya (kuzUla aura ghaTa) donoM hI miTTI dravya rUpa hI haiM kyoMki krama se hone vAlI paryAyoM meM eka dravya kI pratyAsatti hone se upAdAna kA kathana kiyA gayA hai arthAt eka hI dravya kI pUrva samayavartI paryAya upAdAna kAraNa hai, aura uttara sayamavartI paryAya upAdeya kArya hai| isa prakAra kAraNa kArya (upAdAna-upAdeya) bhAva eka dravya meM honA siddhAnta viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki, eka dravya kI paryAya hone se upAdeya kArya kI upAdAna kAraNa ke sAtha eka dravya pratyAsatti hai| yaha dravya pratyAsatti sambandhI kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA kathana huaa|
Page #343
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 330 syAdekadravyapratyAsatterabhAvAditi cet kAlapratyAsattivizeSAt tatsiddhiH / yadanaMtaraM hi yadavazyaM bhavati tattasya sahakArikAraNamitaratkAryamiti pratItaM / na cedaM sahakAritvaM kvacidbhAvapratyAsattiH kSetrapratyAsattirvA niymaabhaavaat| nikaTadezasyApi cakSuSo rUpajJAnotpattau sahakAritvadarzanAt / saMdaMzakAdezcAsuvarNasvabhAvasya sauvarNakaTakotpattau yadi punaryAvatkSetraM yadyasyotpattau sahakAri dRSTaM yathAbhAvaM ca tattAvatkSetraM tathAbhAvameva sarvatreti niyatA kSetrAbhAvapratyAsattiH sahakAritvaM kArye nigadyate tadA na doSo virodhAbhAvAt / tadevaM vyavahAranayasamAzrayaNe prazna : eka dravya kI pratyAsatti kA abhAva hone se sahakArI kAraNa ke sAtha kAryoM kA kArya-kAraNa bhAva kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai ? arthAt jisameM eka dravyapanA nahIM hai, aise guru ziSya meM, svAmI bhRtya meM svAmI sambandha kArya kAraNa bhAva kaise ghaTita ho sakegA ? uttara : kAla pratyAsatti nAmaka sambandha vizeSa se sahakArI kAraNa aura kAryoM meM usa kArya kAraNa bhAva sambandha kI kArya siddhi hotI hai jisase avyavahita uttara kAla meM niyama se jo avazya utpanna hotA hai, vaha usakA sahakArI kAraNa hai aura zeSa dUsarA kArya hai| isa prakAra kAlika sambandha sabako pratIta hotA hai arthAt sahakArI kAraNoM ke sAtha kArya kI kAla pratyAsatti hai| kahIM para bhI kSetra pratyAsatti aura bhAva pratyAsatti ko sahakArI kAraNa nahIM samajhanA caahie| kyoMki kSetra pratyAsatti aura bhAva pratyAsatti meM sahakArI kAraNatva ke niyama kA abhAva hai kyoMki nikaTa dezavAlI cakSu ko bhI rUpajJAna kI utpatti meM sahakArIpanA dekhA jAtA hai arthAt zarIra ke eka deza meM cakSu hai aura sampUrNa AtmA meM rUpa jJAna hotA hai| athavA cakSu to zarIra meM hai aura dUsare kSetra meM sthita vastu ke jAnane meM sahakArI hotI hai| athavA saMDAsI Adi svarNa svabhAva vAle svarNa ke kar3e kI utpatti meM sahakArI kAraNa hote haiM arthAt saMDAsI aura svarNa ke bhI ekakSetrapanA nahIM hai| tathA kArya-kAraNa sambandha meM bhAva pratyAsatti bhI kAraNa nahIM hai kyoMki cakSu paudgalika hai aura rUpa jJAna cetana kA pariNAma hai; kar3A sone kA hai aura saMDAsI lohe kI hai ataH inameM bhAvika sambandha aura kSetra kA sambandha na mAna kara kAlika sambandha hI mAnanA caahie| athavA yadi jitanA kSetra jisa prakAra ke svabhAva kA atikramaNa na karake jo kAraNa jisa kArya kI utpatti meM sahakArI kAraNa hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai, vaha kAraNa utane kSetra aura usa prakAra ke pariNAma ke anusAra kAryakArI hai| isa prakAra bhAva pratyAsatti aura kSetra pratyAsatti bhI sarvatra kAryakArI hai ata: kSetrapratyAsatti aura bhAva pratyAsatti bhI niyata haiN| usameM virodha kA abhAva hone se doSoM kA abhAva bhAvArtha : jitane kSetra meM kArya hotA hai yadi usa kSetra ko kAraNa mAnate haiM to kArya meM kSetra pratyAsatti kAraNa hai parantu kSetra meM upAdAna-upAdeya bhAva nahIM ho sktaa| usI prakAra bhAva pariNAma se avibhAgI praticchedoM kA yathAsaMbhava saMkhyA, pariNAma, jAti Adi kI samAnatA se bhAva pratyAsatti ko bhI kAraNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| vAstava meM hai nhiiN|
Page #344
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 331 kAryakAraNabhAvo dviSThaH saMbaMdha: saMyogasamavAyAdivatpratItisiddhatvAt pAramArthika eva na punaH kalpanAropita: sarvathApyanavadyatvAt / saMgraharjusUtranayAzrayaNe tu na kasyacitkazcitsaMbaMdhonyatra kalpanAmAtrAt iti sarvamaviruddhaM / na cAtra sAdhyasAdhanabhAvasya vyavahAranayAdAzrayaNe kathaMcidasaMbhava iti sUktaM sAdhanatvamadhigamyamarthAnAM tadapalapaMto'saduktaya eva ityAha;mokSAdisAdhanAbhyAsAbhAvAsaktestadarthinAm / tatrAvidyAvilAseSTau kva muktiH paarmaarthikii||14|| saMviccetsaMvidevetyadoSaH sA yadyasAdhanA / nityA syAdanyathA siddhaM sAdhanaM paramArthataH // 15 // isa prakAra vyavahAra naya ke Azraya se (apekSA se) saMyoga, samavAya, vizeSya-vizeSaNa, guruziSya, svAmI-naukara sambandha ke samAna, sarvathA nirdoSa hone se tathA pratIti siddha hone se do meM rahane vAlA kArya kAraNa bhAva sambandha bhI pAramArthika (vastubhUta) hai kalpanA se Aropita nahIM hai parantu sampUrNa padArthoM ko sadrUpa se grahaNa karane vAle zuddha sattAgrAhI saMgraha naya kI apekSA se aura sUkSma eka samaya kI paryAya ko grahaNa karane vAle RjusUtra naya kI apekSA se koI bhI kisI kA sambandha nahIM hai-arthAt kisI kA kisI ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai kevala kalpanA mAtra hai| isa prakAra naya vivakSA se anekAnta meM sambandha aura asambandha viruddha nahIM haiN| isa prakAra sAdhana ke prakaraNa meM vyavahAra naya kI apekSA se kathaMcit sAdhya sAdhana bhAva asaMbhava nahIM hai| isalie jAnane yogya jIvAdi padArthoM kA aura samyagdarzana Adi kA sAdhana bhI jAnane yogya hai| arthAt sAdhana bhI samyagdarzana Adi ke jAnane kA upAya hai| jo saugata matAnuyAyI sAdhana kA lopa karate haiM, sAdhana ko nahIM mAnate haiM, unakA vaha kathana samIcIna nahIM hai| pratItiviruddha hai| usI ko Age kI kArikA meM kahA gayA hai| - yadi vyavahAra naya se bhI sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva kA apalApa (lopa) kareMge to mokSAbhilASI jIvoM ke jJAnArjana tapazcaraNa Adi sAdhanoM ke abhyAsa ke abhAva kA prasaMga aaegaa| tathA, dhanArthI ke dhanopArjana ke kAraNoM ke abhyAsa ke abhAva kA prasaMga aaegaa| yadi dIkSA grahaNa karanA, jJAnopArjana karanA Adi mokSa ke kAraNoM ko avidyA kA vilAsa (ceSTA) iSTa kiyA jAyegA (mAnA jAyegA) to mukti pAramArthikI kaise ho sakatI hai||14|| - yadi mokSa ke sAdhana ko jJAna svarUpa svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to mokSa bhI jJAna svarUpa hI hogaa| isameM koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki kArya-kAraNa ke anusAra hI hotA hai| yadi jJAna svarUpa mokSa akAraNa hotA hai to mokSa ke nityatva kA prasaMga AegA (kyoMki jo akAraNa hotA hai vaha nitya hotA hai jaise aakaash)| yadi mukti nitya nahIM hai, sakAraNa hai taba to sAdhana rUpa anuyoga paramArtha siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt sAdhana vAstavika hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai|||15||
Page #345
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 332 nityasarvagateSviSTau tasyAH saMvittyasaMbhavAt / kva vyavasthApanAnaMzakSaNikajJAnatattvavat // 16 // na hi kSaNikAnaMzasaMvedanaM svataH pratibhAsate sarvasya bhrAMtyabhAvAnuSaMgAt / tadvannityaM sarvagataM brahmeti na tatsaMvedanameva muktiH pAramArthikI yuktA, tataH sakalakarmavipramokSo muktirurarIkartavyA / sA baMdhapUrviketi tAttviko baMdhobhyupagaMtavyaH tayoH sasAdhanatvAt anyathA kAdAcitkatvAyogAtsAdhanaM tAttvikamabhyupagaMtavyaM na punaravidyAvilAsamAtramiti sUktaM saadhnmdhigmym|| AdhArAdheyabhAvasya padArthAnAmayogataH / tattvato vidyate nAdhikaraNaM kiMcidityasat // 17 // sphuTaM drvygunnaadiinaamaadhaaraadheytaagteH| prasiddhibAdhitatvena tadabhAvasya sarvathA // 18 // . yadi jJAnasvarUpa mukti kI saMvitti ko nitya sarvavyApaka AtmasvarUpa iSTa kiyA jAyegA (mAnA jAyegA) to jJAnasvarUpa mukti kI saMvitti honA (nizcaya honA) bhI asaMbhava hai ata: bauddhoM ke niraMza aura kSaNakSayI jJAna tattva ke samAna, brahmavAdiyoM ke nitya, sarva vyApaka, saMvitti (jJAna) svarUpa mokSa kI siddhi bhI kaise ho sakatI hai ? arthAt mukti ko sakAraNa mAnane para hI tattva zravaNa, manana Adi kI siddhi ho sakatI hai anyathA nahIM // 16 // ___ kSaNika aura aMza rahita svasaMvedana svayaM pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai| yadi sarva jIvoM ko svasaMvedana kA svayaM pratibhAsa hotA hai to bhrAnti ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt sarva jIvoM ko sadRza jJAna prApta hogA kisI ko bhI kisI tattva meM bhrAnti nahIM rhegii| "usI svasaMvedana ke samAna nitya, sarvagata, parama brahma kA bhI svayaM pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| ataH svasaMvedana hI pAramArthikI mukti hai-aisA bhI kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| (pramANoM se bAdhita hai) isalie sarva karmoM se rahita ho jAnA hI mukti hai, aisA svIkAra karanA cAhie aura sarvakarmoM se rahita avasthA (mukti) bandhapUrvaka hI hotI hai ata: bandha tattva ko bhI vAstavika svIkAra karanA cAhie kyoMki ve mokSa tattva aura bandha tattva donoM hI apane utpAdaka kAraNoM se yukta haiN| anyathA, yadi unako utpAdaka kAraNa sahita sAdhana nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to kadAcit kA ayoga hogA arthAt jo anAdi kAla se ba~dhA hai, vaha ba~dhA hI rahegA aura baMdha ke kAraNoM kA abhAva hone se navIna bandha nahIM hogA aura na mukti kI prApti hogii| isalie sAdhana ko bhI tAttvika svIkAra karanA cAhie / yaha sAdhana (kAraNa) avidyA kA vilAsa mAtra hai-aisA nahIM mAnanA caahie| isa prakAra umA svAmI AcArya ne tattvAdhigama kA upAya sAdhana ko kahA hai jo samIcIna hai-aisA jAnanA caahie| atha adhigama ke upAyabhUta adhikaraNa kA kathana karate haiM:_"jIva, ghaTa Adi padArthoM ke vastubhUta AdhAra Adheya bhAva kA ayoga hai, isalie jagat meM koI kisI kA kiMcit bhI adhikaraNa nahIM hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| __kyoMki dravya guNa Adi kI spaSTa rUpa se AdhAra Adheya gati jAnI jA rahI hai arthAt dravyoM kA AdhAra Adheya bhAva pratyakSa dRSTigocara ho rahA hai isalie usa adhikaraNa kA abhAva sarvathA lokaprasiddha pratItiyoM se bAdhita hai||17-18||
Page #346
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*333 na hi dravyamaprasiddha guNAdayo vA pratyabhijJAnAdipratyayenAbAdhitena tannirUpaNAt / nApyAdhArAdheyatA dravyaguNAdInAmaprasiddhA yataH sarvathAdhikaraNamasaditi pakSaH prasiddhibAdhito na syAt / hetuzcAsiddhaH padArthAnAmAdhArAdheyabhAvasya vicAryamANasyAyogAditi / sthAlyAM dadhi paTe rUpamiti tatpratyayasya nirbAdhasya tatsAdhanatvAt kAryakAraNabhAvavizeSasya sAdhakoyaM pratyaya iti cet sa evAdhArAdheyabhAvostu / sAMvRtosAviti cet na, kAryakAraNabhAvasya tAttvikasya sAdhitatvAt / tadvizeSasya tAttvikatvasiddheH / kathaM tarhi guNAdInAM dravyAdhAratve dravyasyApyanyAdhAratvaM na syAdyato'navasthA nivAryeta / teSAM vA dravyAnAdhAratvaprasaktiriti cet __ pratyabhijJAna, anumAnajJAna, pratyakSajJAna aura Agama pramANa ke dvArA nirbAdha nirUpaNa ho jAne se dravya aura guNAdi aprasiddha nahIM hai| tathA dravya aura guNa Adi kI AdhAra AdheyatA bhI aprasiddha nahIM hai| isalie "adhikaraNa sarvathA asat hai" yaha pakSa (kathana) prasiddha bAdhita nahIM hogA ? apitu avazya hogaa| padArthoM ke vicAryamANa AdhAra, Adheya bhAva kA ayoga hone se hetu asiddha hai arthAt pratItiyoM se AdhAra Adheya bhAva kI siddhi ho jAne para bauddhoM kA pakSa pramANa bAdhita hai-hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai| jaise thAlI meM dahI hai-vRkSa meM Amraphala haiM, kapar3e meM rUpa hai, AtmA meM sukha hai ityAdi padArtha kA nirdoSa jJAna AdhAra-Adheya bhAva ko siddha karane vAlA sAdhana (kAraNa) hai| bauddha kahatA hai ki "thAlI meM dahI hai" ityAdi jJAna to vizeSa kArya-kAraNa bhAva ke sAdhaka haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yahI AdhAra Adheya haiM arthAt syAdvAda mata meM kArya-kAraNa bhAva kA vyApya hI AdhAra-Adheya bhAva bana jAtA hai isameM koI kSati nahIM hai| kArya-kAraNa bhAva vyApaka hai aura AdhAraAdheya bhAva vyApya hai| cakSu aura jJAna meM athavA ghaTa aura daNDa meM kArya kAraNa bhAva hai, AdhAra Adheya bhAva nahIM hai parantu AtmA aura jJAna meM tathA kapar3e aura rUpa meM kArya-kAraNa bhAva bhI hai aura AdhAra-Adheya bhAva bhii| . bauddha kahatA hai ki kArya-kAraNa bhAva to kalpita hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| isake uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddha kA yaha kathana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki, kArya-kAraNa bhAva kI vAstavikatA pramANoM ke dvArA pahale siddha kara cuke haiM isalie sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kA kArya kAraNa bhAva aura AdhAra Adheya bhAva pAramArthika hai aisA siddha ho jAtA hai| "zaMkA : yadi guNoM kA AdhAra dravya hai to dravyoM kA AdhAra anya dravya kyoM nahIM hai ? arthAt guNoM ke AdhArabhUta dravya ke samAna dravya kA bhI AdhArabhUta anya dravya honA cAhie aura dravya kA bhI anya AdhAra svIkAra kareMge to anavasthA doSa kA nivAraNa kaise ho sakegA ? yadi dravya kA anya dravya AdhAra nahIM hai to guNoM ke bhI dravya ke anAdhAratva (guNa bhI nirAdhAra rahane) kA prasaMga aayegaa"| isa prakAra bauddhoM kI zaMkA kA jainAcArya nirAkaraNa karate haiN|
Page #347
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 334 nAnavasthAprasaMgotra vyomnaH svaashrytaasthiteH| sarvalokAzrayasyAMtavihInasya samaMtataH // 19 // ___ svAzrayaM vyoma, smNttotvihiintvaanythaanupptteH| samaMtatoMtavihInaM tat sakalAsarvagatArthAbhAvasvabhAvatve satyekadravyarUpatvAt / rUpAdiparamANUnAM rasAdiparamANubhAvarUpatvAdavirodha iti cet te tarhi rUparasAdiparamANavaH sarve sakRtparasparaM saMsRSTA vyavahitA vA syuH ? na tAvatsaMsRSTAH kAtnyanaikadezena vA saMsargasya svayaM nirAkaraNAt / vyavahitatve tu teSAmanaMtAnAmanaMtapradezaM vyavadhAyakaM kiMcidurarIkartavyaM tadeva vyoma tessaambhaave| iti siddhaM sakalAsarvagatArthAbhAvasvabhAvatvaM vyomnaH / na ca tasyAnaMtA: pradezAH parasparamekazo dravya ko guNoM kA AdhAra mAnane para anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai kyoMki sampUrNa saMsAra ke padArthoM ko Azraya dene vAle aura anta rahita (ananta pradezI) AkAza pradeza kA svAzrayapanA asiddha nahIM hai arthAt sAre jagat ke padArthoM ko Azraya (AdhAra) dene vAlA AkAza svayaM nirAdhAra rahatA hai| vaha svapratiSThita hai // 19 // AkAza svAzrita hai, cAroM tarapha antarahita hone se; anyathA (svAzraya ke binA) antarahitapanA siddha nahIM ho sktaa| sakala asarvagata (avyApaka) padArthoM kA abhAva svarUpa svabhAva hone se tathA eka akhaNDa dravya hone se AkAza cAroM tarapha se anta rahita hai| "rUpa, rasa Adi ke paramANu rasa gandha Adi ke paramANuoM ke svabhAva rUpa ho jAte haiM isameM koI virodha nahIM hai arthAt jisa prakAra AkAza ananta hai (anta rahita hai) vaise paramANu bhI anta rahita haiN| paramANu ke bhI avibhAgI praticcheda nahIM hai; vaha bhI sva Azraya rahatA hai; usake bhI AdhAra Adheya bhAva nahIM honA caahie|" bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki ve rUpa, rasa, gandha sparza vAle sarva paramANu paraspara eka sAtha saMsarga yukta haiM ki antarAla sahita haiM ? prathama pakSa ke anusAra ve paramANu saMsarga sahita to ho nahIM sakate kyoMki isakA pUrva meM nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| paramANuoM kA paraspara saMsarga mAnane para ekadeza se saMsarga hotA hai ki sarvadeza saMsarga hotA hai ? yadi eka paramANu kA dUsare paramANu ke sAtha sarvadeza saMsarga hotA hai taba to sarva pudgala eka paramANu rUpa ho jaaeNge| yadi paramANu kA sambandha ekadeza mAnA jAyegA to paramANu meM bhI aMza kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| yadi paramANu kA sambandha vyavadhAna sahita mAnoge to una ananta paramANuoM kA paraspara vyavadhAna karAne vAlA koI ananta pradeza vAlA padArtha svIkAra karanA caahie| aura vaha ananta pradeza vAlA AkAza dravya hI hai aura usa AkAza ke avyApaka abhAva svabhAvatva siddha hI hai| usa AkAza ke ananta pradeza paraspara vyavadhAna yukta (antarAla sahita) nahIM haiM kyoMki AkAza pradezoM ke bhI paraspara vyavadhAna karane vAle padArtha kI kalpanA karane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai| arthAt AkAza ke pradezoM kA vyavadhAna karane vAlA koI padArtha nahIM hai| AkAza dravya meM usake ananta pradezoM kA kathaMcit tAdAtmya sambandha hai ata: vyavadhAna rahita hai| anyathA (eka dravya meM tAdAtmya sambandha ke abhAva
Page #348
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 335 vyavahitA yatastadvyavadhAyakAMtarakalpanAyAmanavasthA kathaMcidekadravyatAdAtmyenAvyavahitatvAt anyathA tadavyavadhAnAyogAt / bhavitavyaM vA vyavadhAnena teSAM prasiddhasattvAnAM vyavadhAnenavasthAnAt / yena caikena dravyeNa teSAM kathaMcittAdAtmyaM tanno vyometi tasyaikadravyatvasiddhiriti nAsiddhaM vyomno sarvagatArthAbhAvasvabhAvatvasAdhanaM / tatastadanaMtaM sarvalokAdhikaraNamiti nAnavasthA tdaadhaaraantraanupptteH|| vyomavat sarvabhAvAnAM svprtisstthaanussNjnN| kartuM naikAntato yuktaM sarvagatvAnuSaMgavat // 20 // nizcayanayAt sarve bhAvAH svapratiSThA iti yuktaM na punaH sarvathA vyomavatteSAM sarvagatatvAmUrtatvAdiprasaMgasyApi durnivaartvaat| sarvadravyANAM sarvagatatve ko doSa iti cet pratItivirodha meM) AkAza pradezoM kA vyavadhAna rahitapanA bana nahIM sktaa| parantu akhaNDa, achidra AkAza pradezoM ke hI avyavadhAna (antarAla rahitapanA) ho sakatA hai tathA prasiddha una AkAza pradezoM ke avyavadhAna hI honA caahie| yadi una AkAza pradezoM meM antarAla sahitapanA mAnA jAegA to anavasthA doSa AegA arthAt AkAza pradezoM ke vyavadhAyaka padArtha ke bhI dUsarA vyavadhAyaka honA cAhie ataH anavasthA doSa aaegaa| eka dravya ke sAtha AkAza pradezoM kA kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha mAnane para doSa nahIM AtA hai| jisa eka akhaNDa dravya ke sAtha ananta pradezoM kA kathaJcit tAdAtmya sambandha hai, vahI syAdvAda siddhAnta meM AkAza dravya hai ataH AkAza ke eka dravyatva kI siddhi hai isalie AkAza dravya ke sarvagatArtha bhAva svabhAvatva sAdhana asiddha hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai| isa prakAra sarva loka kA adhikaraNa (avagAha dene vAlA) AkAza hai; isameM anavasthA doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki AkAza ko AdhAra kI anupapatti hai arthAt akhaNDa dravya hone se AkAza ko dUsare dravya ke AdhAra kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| . "AkAza ke samAna sabhI padArthoM ke ekAnta rUpa se apane meM pratiSThita rahane kA prasaMga AegA arthAt AkAza ke samAna sabhI padArtha apane meM sthita raheMge, kisI kA koI AdhAra nahIM hogaa|" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para sabhI padArthoM ke AkAza ke samAna sarvagatatva (vyApakatva) kA prasaMga AegA arthAt jaise sarva padArtha AkAza ke samAna vyApaka nahIM haiM, vaise nirAdhAra bhI nahIM haiM // 20 // yadyapi nizcaya naya se sarva padArtha apane meM hI pratiSThita haiN| (kisI kA kisI ke sAtha AdhAra Adheya bhAva nahIM hai) isa prakAra sarvathA AkAza ke samAna AdhAra rahita mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki, yadi vyavahAra naya se bhI AkAza ke samAna sarva padArthoM ko AdhAra rahita mAneMge to jIva Adi padArthoM ke bhI AkAza ke samAna sarvagatatva aura amUrttatva Adi kA prasaMga bhI durnivAra hogaa| AkAza ke samAna jIvAdi padArtha bhI amUrta aura sarvagata hoNge|
Page #349
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 336 evAmUrtatvAditi vkssyaamH| pratItyatikrame tu kAraNAbhAvAt sarvamasamaMjasaM mAnameyaM pralApamAtramupekSaNIyaM syAditi yathA prtiitisiddhmdhikrnnmdhigmymaanaam|| asthiratvAtpadArthAnAM sthiti:vAsti tAttvikI / kSaNAdUrdhvamitIcchaMti kecittadapi durghttm|| 21 // niranvayakSayaikAMte saMtAnAdyanavasthiteH / puNyapApAdyanuSThAnAbhAvAsakternirUpaNAt // 22 // saMvRtyA saMtAnasamudAyasAdhAt pretyabhAvAnAM puNyapApamuktimArgAnuSThAnasya cAbhyupagamAt paramArthatastadabhAvAsaktirnAniSTeti cet, kimidAnI saMvedanAdvaitamastu paramArthaM sat zaMkA : sarva dravyoM ko sarvatra vyApaka mAnane meM kyA doSa hai ? uttara : sarva padArtha sarvagata haiM-yaha kathana pratIti viruddha hai| jaise saMsArI jIva aura pudgala ko amUrta kahanA pratIti viruddha hai| tathA dharma adharma AkAza ko mUrtika kahanA pratIti viruddha hai| pratyakSa jJAna kI anumAna jJAna se mUrtatva kI pratIti nahIM ho rahI hai| (isakA vistArapUrvaka kathana pA~caveM adhyAya meM kareMge) kAraNa kA abhAva hone se pratIti kA ullaMghana karake kathana karanA asamaMjasa hai; pralApa mAtra hai| ata: vastu . ke vyavasthApana kA kAraNa na hone se tathA nIti kA ullaMghana karane vAlA hone se upekSaNIya hai; grahaNa karane yogya nahIM hai| isalie pratIti siddha hone se adhikaraNa bhI padArthoM ke jAnane kA upAya hai-aisA jAnanA caahie| adhikaraNa kA nirUpaNa pUrNa huaa| aba sthiti kA kathana karate haiM: "sarva padArtha asthira haiM-kSaNa kSayI haiM ataH unakI sthiti vAstavika nahIM hai| kyoMki, ve eka kSaNa se adhika sthita nahIM rahate haiN| isa prakAra koI (bauddha) cAhate haiM (svIkAra karate haiN)| parantu, unakA yaha kathana durghaTa hai| (kaThinatA se bhI ghaTita nahIM hotA hai) kyoMki, sarvathA padArthoM kA niranvaya nAza mAna lene para santAna samudAya Adi kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI aura puNya-pApa Adi anuSThAna ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt niranvaya nAza hone vAle padArthoM meM puNya-pApa, pUrva-bhava smaraNa Adi kA kathana siddha nahIM ho sakatA isalie sthiti kA nirUpaNa karanA upayukta hai||21-22|| bauddha kahate haiM ki kAla pratyAsatti se kalpita aneka kSaNika pariNAmoM kI saMtAna, deza pratyAsatti se svIkRta aneka kSaNika pariNAmoM kA samudAya, samAna dharmoM kI apekSA se mAnA gayA sAdharmya evaM mara kara punaH janma dhAraNa karanA rUpa pretyabhAva, tathA puNya-pApa, mokSamArga kA anuSThAna Adi sarva prakriyA saMvRtti (kalpanAoM) se kalpita hai bauddha siddhAnta meM puNya-pApa, pretyabhAva Adi ko kalpanA se svIkAra kiyA hai ata: puNya, pApAdi ke abhAva kA prasaMga paramArtha se aniSTa nahIM hai arthAt puNya-pApa Adi vAstavika nahIM haiN| yaha saugata mata meM iSTa hai bauddha ke isa kathana ke uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki kyA saugata mata meM svIkRta saMvedanAdvaita paramArtha sat hai ?
Page #350
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 337 niranvayavinazvarANAmekakSaNasthitInAM naanaapdaarthaanaamnubhvaat| tadapi neti cet tarhi iSTaM saMtAnAdi sarvaM niraMkuzatvAt tacca niranvayakSayaikAMte saMvRttyApi na syAt / tathA ca nirUpitaM "saMtAna: samudAyazca sAdharmya ca niraMkuzaH / pretyabhAvazca tatsarvaM na syAdekatvanihnave // " iti| nanu ca bIjAMkurAdInAmekatvAbhAvepi saMtAna: siddhastilAdInAM samudAyasAdharmyaM ca tadvatsarvatra tatsiddhau kimekatveneti cenna, sarvabIjAMkurAdInAmekasaMtAnatvApatteH, sakalatilAdInAM vA samudAyasAdharmyaprasakteH / pratyAsattervizeSAtkeSAMcideva saMtAna: samudAya: yadi bauddha kahe ki anvayarahita, vinAzazIla aura eka kSaNasthAyI aneka ghaTa, paTa, jIvAdi padArthoM kA anubhava ho rahA hai, ata: saMvedanAdvaita bhI paramArtha sat nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to bAdhaka pramANa se rahita hone ke kAraNa sabhI santAna, samudAya Adi padArtha abhISTa (paramArtha sat rUpa) ho jAyeMge; niraMkuza siddha ho jAe~ge tathA niranvaya nAza vA kSaNika ekAnta kI apekSA se dUsare hI kSaNa meM dravyatva kA anvaya rahita nAza ho jAne para bauddha mata meM santAna samudAya sAdharmya aura marakara janma lenA (punarbhava) Adi sabhI padArtha saMvRtti se bhI bAdhArahita siddha nahIM ho sakate haiN| bhAvArtha : jaba padArtha sarvathA naSTa ho jAte haiM, dravya dRSTi se bhI dhruva nahIM rahate haiM, to puNya-pApa, marakara janmanA, svakIya karmoM kA phala bhoganA Adi koI bhI kriyA saMvRtti se siddha nahIM hotI hai tathA aisA devAgama stotra meM bhI nirUpaNa hai| so hI samantabhadra ne kahA hai - ekatva pariNati svabhAva kA nihnava karane para pretyabhAva, santAna, samudAya, sAdharmya, sarvabhAva niraMkuza hokara siddha nahIM ho sktaa| zaMkA : bIjAMkura nyAya se bIja aMkura Adi ke ekatva kA abhAva hone para bhI saMtAna kI siddhi hai arthAt aMkura avasthA meM bIja ke sarvathA naSTa ho jAne para aura vRkSa meM aMkura kA abhAva ho jAne para vaha bIja kI saMtAna kahI jAtI hai tabhI to bIja ke anurUpa phala lagate haiN| tila Adi kA samudAya bhI siddha ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra tila Adi kA sAdRzya hone se sAdharmya bananA bhI zakya hai| isa prakAra sarvathA bheda meM santAna, samudAya sAdharmya kI siddhi ho jAne para eka akhaNDa avinAzI dravya ke mAnane se kyA prayojana samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-arthAt dravya ko kSaNadhvaMsI mAnanA upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para sarva bIja aMkurAdika meM eka saMtAna hone kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt gehU~ bIja se hI gehU~ kA paudhA banegA, yaha niyama nahIM rahegA apitu kisI bhI bIja se gehU~ kI utpatti ho jAyegI kyoMki bIja to bauddha matAnusAra sarvathA naSTa ho jAtA hai usa bIja se sarvathA bhinna gehU~ laghu vRkSa kI utpatti huI hai| ata: gehU~ bIja utpanna na hokara kisI bhI bIja se utpanna ho sakatA hai| usameM eka saMtAnatva kyoM nahIM hogA? tathA sakala tila, sarasoM, Adi ke bhI samudAya aura sAdharmya hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| "yadi bauddha kahe ki kisI vizeSa pratyAsatti (sambandha) se kucha vivakSita pUrvottarabhAvI saMtatiyA~ santAna bana jAtI haiM aura vizeSa sambandha ke kAraNa kinhIM niyata padArthoM kA hI samudAya athavA viziSTa
Page #351
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 338 sAdharmyaM ca viziSTamiti cet, sa konyo'nyatraikadravyakSetrabhAvapratyAsatteriti nAnvayanihnavo yuktaH / na hyavyabhicArI kAryakAraNabhAvaH saMtAnaniyamahetuH, sugatetaracittAnAmekasaMtAnatvaprasaMgAditi samarthitaM prAk / nApyekasAmagyadhInatvaM samudAyaikatvaniyamanibaMdhanaM dhUmeMdhanavikArAdirUpAdInAM nAnAsamudAyAnAmekasamudAyatvAnuSaMgAt prtiitmaatuliNgruupaadivt| etena samAnakAlatvaM tannimittamiti pratyuktaM, eka dravyAdhikaraNatvaM tu sahabhuvAmekasamudAyatvavyavasthAheturiti satyevAnvite dravye tilAdirUpAdi-samudAyaikatvaniyamaH sAdharmya / sAdharmya bana jAtA hai, anya taTastha padArthoM kA nahIM," to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vizeSa sambandha ekadravyapratyAsatti, ekakSetrapratyAsatti aura ekabhAvapratyAsatti ke atirikta anya kauna ho sakatA hai ? bhAvArtha: eka dravya meM usakI bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSyat aneka paryAyeM tadAtmaka ho rahI haiM ata: unakA eka dravya sambandha hone ke kAraNa santAna bana jAtA hai| anya dravya kI paryAyeM usa santAna meM anvita nahIM ho pAtI haiN| tathA sajAtIya aneka padArthoM ke eka kSetra meM rahane rUpa kSetra pratyAsatti samudAya hai tathA samAna rUpa se pariNamana karane vAle padArthoM kA eka bhAva pratyAsatti sAdharmya hai| sarvathA bhinna padArthoM meM santAna, samudAya, sAdharmya Adi ghaTita nahIM hote| isalie eka dravya anusyUta rahane vAle ekatva vA dhruvatva ke anvaya kA nihnava karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| avyabhicArI (nirdoSa) kArya-kAraNa bhAva sambandha to saMtAna kI niyata vyavasthA kA hetu nahIM hai, kyoMki isa prakAra mAnane para to buddha aura anya saMsArI AtmAoM ke bhI eka saMtAnapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| bhAvArtha : uttara paryAya kI utpatti rUpa kArya meM pUrva samayavartI paryAya kAraNa hai| vaha kAraNa kArya-bhAva siddha hone para saMtAna siddha hotI hai aura vaha kArya-kAraNa bhAva dhruva eka dravya meM hI ghaTita ho sakate haiM, pRthak-pRthak dravyoM meM nahIM, usakA pUrva meM samarthana kara cuke haiN| eka sAmagrI kA adhInatva bhI samudAya ke ekatva kI niyata vyavasthA kA kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para to aneka samudAyoM meM rahane vAle dhUma ke rUpa Adika aura gIle IMdhana ke rUpa AdikoM ke bhI eka samudAyatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| jaise ki pramANa se jJAta vijaurA nIMbU ke rUpa rasa Adi kA samudAya bana jAtA hai arthAt-agni ke prajvalita hone para gIle IMdhana ke rUpa aura dhUma ke rUpa Adi kI sAmagrI eka hai kintu unakA samudAya pRthak-pRthak mAnA jAtA hai aise hI kSetra bhUmi, jalavAyu Adi eka sAmagrI hote hue bhI aneka bIja yA aMkuroM ke samudAya bhinna-bhinna haiM ataH eka sAmagrI kI AdhInatA eka samudAya kA kAraNa nahIM ho sakatI hai| isa pUrvokta kathana se samAna kAlapanA bhI eka santAnapana yA eka samudAyapana kA kAraNa hai, isakA bhI khaNDana kara diyA hai| yadyapi eka dravyAdhikaraNa eka sAtha hone vAlI paryAyoM ke eka samudAya kI vyavasthA kA kAraNa hai- parantu vaha tInoM kAla meM anvaya rUpa se sthita rahane vAle eka dravya ke mAnane para hI bana sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| tathA tila Adi rUpa samudAya ke ekatva kA niyama vA sAdhayaM kA niyama bhI nAnA
Page #352
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 339 na punarnAnAdravyANAM samAnahetukatvAditi vArtAmAtraM, visadRzahetUnAmapi bahulaM sAdharmyadarzanAt / rajatazuktikAdivat samAnapariNAmasattvAt sAdharmya bhAvapratyAsattivizeSAdeva sAdharmya / na ca samAnapariNAmo nAnA pariNAmidravyAbhAve saMbhavatIti na tadvAdinAmekadravyApahavaH zreyAn / pretyabhAvaH kathamekatvAbhAve na syAditicet tasya mRtvA punrbhvnlkssnntvaat| santAnasyaiva mRtvA punarbhavanaM na punardravyasyeti cenna, saMtAnasyaikadravyAbhAve niyamAyogasya prtipaadnaat| kathaMcideka dravyAtmano jIvasya pretyabhAvasiddhaH / puNyapApAdyanuSThAnaM punarapi saMvAhakartRkriyAphalAnubhavitRnAnAtve kRtanAzAkRtAbhyAgamaprasakterdUrotsAritameva / tatsaMtAnaikye caikadravyatvasya dravyoM ke mAnane para nahIM hotA, apitu anvaya rUpa eka kSetra ke mAnane para hI ho sakatA hai| samAna hetu vAle padArthoM kA sAdharmya kahanA kevala pralApa mAtra hai, kyoMki visadRza kAraNoM se utpanna hue padArthoM meM bhI prAyaH karake sAdharmya dekhA jAtA hai| jaise khAna se utpanna cAMdI aura jala se utpanna sIpa meM kathaJcit zvetavarNa kI apekSA sAdharmya dekhA jAtA hai| yadi samAna pariNati ke vidyamAna hone se padArthoM kA sAdharmya mAnA jAtA hai taba to eka vizeSa bhAva pratyAsatti se hI sAdharmya honA iSTa kiyA gayA hai, parantu vaha samAna jAti vAlA pariNAma to nAnA pariNAmI dravyoM ke abhAva meM saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt sadRza pariNAma bhI pariNAmI dhruva rahane vAle aneka dravyoM ke mAnane para hI siddha ho sakatA hai ataH santAna, samudAya aura sAdharmya ko kahane vAle bauddhoM ko eka anvita dravya kA lopa karanA zreyaskara nahIM hai| prazna : eka anvita Atma dravya ke nahIM mAnane para pretya bhAva (marakara puna: janma lenA) siddha kyoM nahIM hotA hai? uttara : marakara punaH janma lenA rUpa pretyabhAva marane aura janma lene vAle eka jIva ko mAne binA siddha nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt marakara puna: janma lene vAlI eka AtmA ke hone para hI pretya bhAva siddha ho sakatA hai| ___ "santAna mara kara punaH janma letI hai, saMtAna kI paramparA calatI hai, dravya dhruva nahIM hai" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki eka dravya ke abhAva meM saMtAna ke niyama ke ayoga kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai arthAt santAnI ke binA saMtAna kI paramparA kaise raha sakatI hai ? ataH kathaJcit eka dravyAtmaka jIva ke mAnane para hI pretyabhAva kI siddhi ho sakatI hai arthAt eka jIva ke naSTa ho jAne para marakara janma usI kA ho sakatA hai| punaH kSaNikavAda meM puNya, pApAdi kA anuSThAna, lena-dena Adi kriyAoM kA kartA, unake phaloM kA anubhoktA, kArya kA karanA, usake phalakA bhoganA Adi sarva kriyAoM ko dUra se pheMka diyA gayA hai arthAt kSaNika ekAnta meM puNya-pApa Adi kA anuSThAna, phala bhoganA Adi kucha bhI nahIM bana sktaa|
Page #353
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 340 siddherna niranvayakSayaikAMtastadvAdibhirabhyupagaMtavyaH / tataH sarvathA saMtAnAdyupagame dravyasya kAlAMtarasthAyinaH prasiddherna kSaNAdUrdhvamasthiti: pdaarthaanaam|| yathA caikakSaNasthAyI bhAvo hetoH samudbhavet / tathAnekakSaNasthAyI kinna loke pratIyate // 23 // nanu prathame kSaNe yathArthAnAM kSaNadvayasthAsnutA tathA dvitIyepIti na kadAcidvinAzaH syAdanyathA saiva kSaNasthitiH pratikSaNaM svabhAvAttato na kAlAMtarasthAyI bhAvo hetoH samudbhavan pratIyate'nyatra vibhramAditi na maMtavyaM, kSaNakSayasthAyinAM tRtIyAdikakSaNasthAyitvavirodhAt / prathamakSaNe dvitIyakSaNApekSAyAmiva dvitIyakSaNe prathamakSaNApekSAyAM kSaNadvayasthAsnutvAvizeSAt pratikSaNaM svabhAvabhedAnupapatteH kAlAMtarasthAyitvasiddheH / nanu ca hiMsAdi pApa karane vAlA dUsarA hogA aura phala kA bhoktA dUsarA siddha hogA tathA saMtAna ko eka mAnane para eka dravyatva kI siddhi hotI hai, ata: bauddhoM ko niranvaya kSaNika ekAnta nahIM svIkAra karanA caahie| __ isalie sarvathA saMtAna Adi ko mAnane para eka dravyatva kI siddhi hotI hai| padArthoM kA eka kSaNa ke Urdhva (Upara) nahIM rahanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra eka kSaNasthAyI bhAva (padArtha) hetu se utpanna hotA hai-vaise hI aneka kSaNoM taka sthAyI rahane vAle bhAvoM kI loka meM pratIti kyoM nahIM hotI hai ? arthAt kAraNoM se eka kSaNasthAyI padArthoM kI utpatti ke samAna kAlAntara sthAyI padArtha dRSTigocara hote haiN||23|| zaMkA : jaise prathama kSaNa meM padArthoM kA do kSaNa taka sthita rahanA svabhAva hai, usI prakAra dUsare kSaNa meM bhI do samaya taka rahanA rUpa svabhAva sthita rhegaa| isI prakAra tIsare Adi kSaNa meM bhI sthita rhegaa| isa prakAra to padArtha kA kabhI bhI vinAza nahIM hogaa| anyathA yadi dUsare tIsare samaya meM rahanA nahIM mAneMge to eka samaya sthita rahanA hI padArtha kA svabhAva nizcita hotA hai| ata:pratikSaNa svabhAva meM bheda hone se padArtha kAlAntara sthAyI nahIM hai| yaha hetu se siddha hotA huA pratIta hotA hai| bhrAnti se kAlAntara sthAyI padArtha kI pratIti hotI hai| uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA yaha kathana (padArtha kAlAntara sthAyI nahIM hai) samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki do kSaNasthAyI padArthoM ke tIsare cauthai Adi kSaNoM meM sthAyI rahane kA virodha hai| prathama kSaNa meM dvitIya kSaNa kI apekSA hai aura dvitIya kSaNa meM prathama kSaNa kI apekSA hai| ata: do kSaNa sthAyIpana svabhAva me koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| isI prakAra tRtIya kSaNa Adi meM lagAnA caahie| isalie padArtha meM sarvathA svabhAva bheda nahIM hone se kAlAntara sthAyitva kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt padArthoM ke anvaya rUpa se rahate hue bhI niraMtara parivartana hotA rahatA hai na padArtha sarvathA kUTastha nitya hai aura na sarvathA kSaNika hai apitu nityAnityAtmaka hai| paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA pratikSaNa padArthoM meM svabhAva bheda pAyA jAtA hai aura dravyArthika naya se padArthoM meM pratikSaNa svabhAva bheda nahIM hotA hai ata: padArtha kAlAntara sthAyI hai|
Page #354
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 341 prathamakSaNe dvitIyakSaNApekSaM kSaNadvayasthAyitvamanyadeva, dvitIyakSaNe prathamakSaNApekSAttatostyeva pratikSaNaM svabhAvabhedo'sattaH kSaNamAtrasthitiH siddhyetsarvArthAnAmiti vadaMtaM pratyAha;kSaNamAtrasthitiH siddhaivarjusUtranayAdiha / dravyArthikanayAdeva siddhA kAlAMtarasthitiH // 24 // na hi vayamRjusUtranayAtpratikSaNasvabhAvabhedAt kSaNamAtrasthitiM pratIkSayAmaH tataH kaalaaNtrsthitivirodhaat| kevalaM yathArjusUtrAtkSaNasthitireva bhAvaH svahetorutpannastathA dravyArthikanayAtkAlAMtarasthitireveti praticakSmahe sarvathApyabAdhitapratyayAttatsiddhiriti sthitirdhigmyaa|| vizvamekaM sdaakaaraavishessaaditysNbhvi| vidhAnaM vAstavaM vastunyevaM kecitpralApinaH // 25 // sadAkArAvizeSasya nAnArthAnAmapahnave / saMbhavAbhAvataH siddhe vidhAnasyaiva tattvataH // 26 // zaMkA : prathama kSaNa meM dvitIya kSaNa kI apekSA rakhane vAle do kSaNasthAyI bhAva pRthak haiM dvitIya kSaNa meM prathama kSaNa kI apekSA rakhane vAle bhAva pathaka haiM ataH pratyeka kSaNa meM svabhAva bheda rahatA hai isalie sampUrNa padArthoM kI kevala eka samaya kI sthiti siddha hotI hai isa prakAra zaMkA karane vAle bauddha ke prati jaina AcArya kahate haiM : ____ samAdhAna : yadi RjusUtra naya kI apekSA kathana kiyA jAtA hai taba to paryAyoM kI eka kSaNamAtra sthiti siddha hotI hai arthAt RjusUtra naya kI apekSA pratyeka padArtha pratikSaNa pravartana karatA rahatA hai parantu dravyArthika naya kI apekSA dravya kAlAntara meM sthita siddha hote haiM // 24 // __ bhAvArtha : RjusUtra naya kI apekSA pratyeka vastu anitya hai, kSaNadhvaMsI hai aura dravyArthika naya kI apekSA nitya aura kAlAntara sthAyI hai ata: vastu nityAnityAtmaka hai| hama syAdvAdI loga RjusUtra naya kI apekSA niraMtara svabhAva bheda hone ke kAraNa sampUrNa paryAyoM kI kevala eka kSaNa mAtra sthiti kI pratIkSA nahIM karate haiM kyoMki RjusUtra naya kI apekSA se padArthoM ke kAlAntara sthiti kA virodha hai arthAt RjusUtra naya kI apekSA hama padArtha ko kSaNadhvaMsI mAnate haiN| jaise RjusUtra naya kI apekSA eka kSaNa sthita rahane vAlA padArtha svakIya kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai-vaise hI dravyArthika naya kI apekSA padArtha cirakAla taka sthita rahane vAlA apane kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai aisA jaina siddhAntAnuyAyI hama kahate haiN| sarvathA abAdhita pramANoM ke dvArA kAlAntara sthAyI dhruva paryAya kI siddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra sthiti ko bhI padArthoM ke jAnane kA upAya samajhanA caahie| aba vidhAna kA kathana karate haiM.. sat AkAra kI avizeSatA se utpanna hone ke kAraNa vizva eka rUpa hai isalie vastu meM vidhAna (bhedagaNanA) kA vAstavika honA asaMbhava hai| isa prakAra koI (brahmAdvaitavAdI) vyartha kA pralApa kara rahA hai kyoMki, aneka arthoM kA lopa karake (nAnArthoM ko svIkAra na karake) sad AkAroM kI avizeSa kA (sadrUpa brahmAdvaita ko mAnanA vA siddha karanA) honA saMbhava nahIM hai isalie vidhAna (bheda ke prakAra) kI vAstavika rUpa se hI siddhi ho jAtI hai arthAt sAmAnya rUpa se satpanA vizeSa bhedoM ke hone para hI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ataH vidhAna siddha ho jAtA hai||25-26||
Page #355
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 342 ___ sarvamekaM sadavizeSAditi viruddha sAdhanaM, nAnArthAbhAve sadavizeSasyAnupapattestasyAbhedaniSThatvAt / nanu ca sadekatvaM sadavizeSo na tatsAdharmyaM yato viruddhaM sAdhayediti cenna, tasya sAdhyasamatvAt / ko hi sadekamicchat sarvamekaM necchet / yadi puna: sattAvizeSAbhAvAditi hetustadApyasiddhaM, sadghaTaH satpaTa iti vizeSasya prtiiteH| mithyeyaM pratItirghaTAdivizeSasya svapnAdivadvyabhicArAditi cenna, sattAdvaite samyaGmithyApratItivizeSasyAsaMbhavAt saMbhave vA tadvadanyatra tatsaMbhavaH kathaM nAnumanyate ? mithyApratIteravidyAtvAdavidyAyAzca nIrUpatvAnna sA sanmAtrapratIterdvitIyA yato bhedaH siddhyet iti cenna, vyAghAtAt / pratItirhi sarvA svayaM pratibhAsamAnarUpA sA vizva ke sampUrNa padArtha sAmAnya rUpa se sat hone ke kAraNa eka haiM, isa anumAna meM diyA gayA savizeSa yaha hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai, kyoMki aneka arthoM ke abhAva meM sattA rUpa se avizeSa kI utpatti. (siddhi) nahIM ho sakatI hai vaha sat kA sAmAnyapana vizeSa svarUpa se bhedoM meM hI sthita hai|' zaMkA : sattApana se avizeSatA kA artha to sattva rUpa se ekatva hai usa sattA rUpa se sAdharmya usakA artha nahIM hai jisase hamArA hetu sAdhya ke viruddha anekatva ko siddha kara sakatA ho| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha hetu sAdhya sama hai arthAt jo ekapanA sAdhya hai, vahI sattA avizeSa kA artha sattA rUpa se ekapanA hai ata: hetu aura sAdhya eka samAna haiN| jaba sAdhya asiddha hai to hetu bhI asiddha hai| kauna buddhimAna hai jo sat rUpa se hetu ke to ekatva svIkAra karatA ho aura sabakA ekapanA iSTa nahIM karatA ho arthAt jaba hetu aura sAdhya donoM eka haiM to hetu ko jAnanA hI sAdhya ko jAnanA huA ataH anumAna karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? yadi phira sabako eka siddha karane ke lie sattA vizeSa kA abhAva hai-yaha hetu bhI asiddha hai kyoMki ghaTa sat hai paTa sat hai, isa prakAra vizeSa sattA vAle padArtha pratIti siddha haiN| advaitavAdI kahatA hai ki svapna Adi ke sAtha vyabhicAra hone se ghaTAdika vizeSa kI pratIti mithyA hai arthAt jaise svapnAdi avasthA meM ghaTAdika kA pratibhAsa mithyA hai, usI prakAra jAgRta avasthA meM bhI hone vAlA ghaTAdika kA pratibhAsa mithyA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki advaitavAdI kA yaha kathana ucita nahIM haikyoMki sattAdvaita meM yaha pratIti samIcIna hai aura yaha mithyA pratIti hai aise bheda kA honA asaMbhava hai arthAt jaba sattA meM dvaitapanA hI nahIM hai to yaha pratIti samIcIna hai, yaha mithyA hai, isa prakAra kA bheda (dvaita) kaise ho sakatA hai? yadi mithyA aura samIcIna bheda saMbhava haiM to phira usake samAna anya sthAnoM meM bhI bheda svIkAra karake sAmAnya sattA aura vizeSasattA ye do bheda kyoM nahIM mAnate haiM ? advaita kA kadAgraha kyoM karate haiM ? "avidyA ke kAraNa mithyA pratIti hotI hai aura avidyA ke nIrUpatva hai (arthAt-avidyA svarUpa rahita tuccha padArtha hai), ataH sattAmAtra ko viSaya karane vAlI pratIti se atirikta avidyA koI dUsarA vastubhUta padArtha nahIM hai|" 1. nirvizeSaM hi sAmAnyaM bhavet khrvissaannvt|
Page #356
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 343 kathaM nIrUpA syAt / grAhyarUpAbhAvAnnIrUpA mithyApratItiriticettarhi grAhyarUpasahitA samyak pratItiriti tadvizeSasiddheH / samyakpratItirapi grAhyarUparahiteticet kathamidAnIM satyetarapratItivyavasthA? yathaiva hi sanmAtrapratItiH svarUpa evAvyabhicArAtsatyA tathA bhedapratItirapi / yathA vA sA grAhyAbhAvAdasatyA tathA sanmAtrapratItirapIti na vidyAvidyAvibhAgaM buddhyAmahenyatra kathaMcidbhedavAdAt tato na sanmAtraM tattvataH siddhaM sAdhanAghaTanAditi vidhAnasyaiva nAnArthAzrayasya siddhestadadhigamyameva nirdeshaadivt|| tadevaM mAnataH siddhairnirdezAdibhiraMjasA / yuktaM jIvAdiSUkteSu nirUpaNamasaMzayam // 27 // aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha kathana vyAghAta doSa se yukta hai arthAt yaha kathana svavacana bAdhita hai kyoMki sampUrNa hI pratItiyA~ (jJAna) apane svarUpa se pratibhAsamAna svarUpa haiN| jo svayaM pratibhAsamAna svarUpa hai vaha svabhAva se rahita nIrUpa kaise ho sakatI hai ? yadi advaitavAdI kahe ki jJAna ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya rUpoM ke nahIM hone se (jJAna ke grahaNa karane kA abhAva hone se) pratIti mithyA aura svabhAva rahita avastu hai to isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane para to jJAna ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya sattA samIcIna pratIti siddha hotI hai| isa prakAra samyak pratIti aura asamyak pratIti ke bheda se sattA vizeSa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yadi samyak pratIti ko bhI grahaNa rUpa se rahita mAnate haiM tabato isa samaya samIcIna pratIti aura asamIcIna pratIti kI vyavasthA kaise ho sakatI hai ? jisa prakAra kevala zuddha sattA ko viSaya karane vAlI pratIti sattA vidhi svarUpa meM hI vyabhicAra rahita hone ke kAraNa satya svarUpa hai usI prakAra ghaTa, paMTa Adi bheda rUpa vizeSa sattA ko viSaya karane vAlI pratIti bhI vyabhicAra rahita hone se satya svarUpa hai jaise grAhya viSaya na hone se vaha bheda pratIti asatya mAnI jAtI hai usI prakAra zuddha sanmAtra pratIti bhI bahirbhUta grAhya padArtha na hone ke kAraNa asatya ho jAegI ata: kathaJcit bheda vAda se atirikta vidyA aura avidyA ke vibhAga ko hama kucha bhI nahIM samajhate haiM isalie kevala satsvarUpa advaita tattva vAstavika svarUpa se siddha nahIM ho pAtA hai tathA advaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA kathita sAdhana (hetu) bhI ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| bhAvArtha : bheda ekAnta aura abheda ekAnta siddha nahIM hotA hai-apitu kathaJcit bhedAbhedAtmaka siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra nirdeza aura svAmitva ke samAna vidhAna bhI jAnane yogya hai kyoMki aneka arthoM meM rahane vAle adhigamaka vidhAna kI siddhi ho jAtI hai aura vidhAna ke kathana se hI vastu kA paripUrNa jJAna hotA isa prakAra pramANa se siddha kiye gaye nirdeza Adi ke dvArA pUrvokta jIvAdi padArthoM kA aura ratnatraya Adi kA saMzaya rahita nirdoSa adhigama hone kA nirUpaNa karanA yukta hai| arthAt sUtrakAra umAsvAmI ke dvArA kathita nirdeza Adi yuktisaMgata hai||27||
Page #357
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 344 na hi pramANanayAtmabhireva nirdezAdibhirjIvAdiSu bhAvasAdhanodhigamaH kartavya iti yuktaM tadviSayairapi nirdizyamAnatvAdibhiH kAtsnyaikadezArpitaiH karmasAdhanasyAdhigamasya karaNAt teSAmuktapramANasiddhatvAditi vyvtisstthte|| yathAgamamudAhAryA nirdeSTavyAdayo budhaiH| nizcayavyavahArAbhyAM nayAbhyAM mAnatopi vA // 28 // nizcayanaya evaMbhUtaH vyavahAranayo'zuddhadravyArthikastAbhyAM nirdeSTavyAdayo yathAgamamudAhartavyA vikalAdezAt pramANatazca sakalAdezAt / tadyathA / nizcayanayAdanAdipAriNAmikacaitanyalakSaNajIvatvapariNato jIvaH vyavahArAdaupazamikAdibhAvacatuSTayasvabhAvaH, nizcayataH svapariNAmasya vyavahArataH sarveSAM, nizcayato "pramANanayairadhigamaH" isa sUtra ke anusAra pramANa naya svarUpa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jIva Adi padArthoM meM bhAva sAdhana nirukti se siddha kiyA gayA adhigama karanA caahie| itanA hI yukta nahIM hai kintu pramANa aura naya ke sAtha meM pramANa aura nayoM ke viSayabhUta sarvadeza evaM ekadeza se vivakSita kiye gaye nirdeza karane yogya, svAmI pane ko prApta Adi ke dvArA karma sAdhana se nirukti se adhigama karanA caahie| nirdeza Adi bhI pramANa siddha vyavasthita haiN| bhAvArtha : "nirdizyate anena iti nirdezaH" isa prakAra karaNa sAdhana ke dvArA nirdeza Adi kI siddhi . karanA caahie| aura "adhigamanaM adhigamaH" isa prakAra bhAva sAdhana ke dvArA adhigama ko siddha karane para. vastu ko pUrNa rUpa se tathA ekadeza se jAnane vAle pramANa, naya, svarUpa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jIvAdikoM kA adhigama hotA hai tathA 'nirdizyate yat' isa prakAra karma meM yat pratyaya kara punaH zAnac aura taddhita ke 'tva' pratyaya karane para sAdhe gaye nirdezyamAnatva AdikoM se 'adhigamyate yat' jo jAnA jAye aisA karmasAdhana adhigama kiyA jAtA hai| viSaya aura viSayI donoM meM pUrNadeza aura ekadeza se jAnaliyA gayA pana aura jAnalenA pana vyavasthita ho rahA hai ataH granthakAra kA viSayI aura viSaya kI apekSA ukta donoM sUtra banAnA sArthaka hai| ___ vyavahAra aura nizcayanaya ke dvArA tathA pramANa ke dvArA buddhimAnoM ko AgamAnusAra nirdeza karane yogya, svAmipane ko prApta Adi padArthoM ko jAna lenA cAhie aura unake udAharaNa banA lene caahie||28|| evaMbhUtanaya hI nizcayanaya hai, aura azuddha dravyArthika naya vyavahAra naya hai| ina nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya ke dvArA nirdeza karane yogya jIvAdi padArthoM kA AgamAnusAra kathana karanA caahie| vastu ke vikala aMza ko grahaNa karane vAle vikalAdezI naya vAkya ke dvArA aura vastu ke sakala aMza ko grahaNa karane vAle sakalAdezI pramANa vAkya ke dvArA vastu ke svarUpa ko jAnanA caahie| jaise-nizcaya naya se anAdi pAriNAmika caitanya lakSaNa jIvatva pariNata jIva hai arthAt isa parama pAriNAmika bhAva rUpa jIva ke karmoM ke udaya, kSaya, upazama aura kSayopazama kI apekSA nahIM hai| vyavahAra naya kI apekSA aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika aura audayika ina cAroM bhAva svarUpa pariNata ko jIva kahate haiN| nizcaya naya se jIva svakIya jJAna darzana rUpa
Page #358
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 345 jIvatvasAdhana: vyavahArAdaupazamikAdibhAvasAdhanazca, nizcayata: svapradezAdhikaraNo vyavahArataH zarIrAdyadhikaraNaH, nizcayato jIvanasamayasthitiH vyavahArato dvisamayAdisthitiranAdyavAsanasthitirvA, nizcayatonaMtavidhAna eva vyavahArato nArakAdisaMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAnaMtavidhAnazca / pramANatastadubhayanayaparicchittirUpasamudAyasvabhAva ityAdayo jIvAdiSvapyAgamAvirodhAnnirdezAdInAmudAharaNamavagaMtavyam // na kevalaM nirdezAdInAmadhigamastattvArthAnAM kiM tarhi; satsaMkhyAkSetrasparzanakAlAMtarabhAvAlpabahutvaizca // 8 // pariNAmoM kA svAmI hai| vyavahAra naya se paradravya ke sambandha ke nimitta se hone vAle krodhAdi sabhI pariNAmoM kA svAmI hai, tathA upacarita asadbhUta vyavahAra naya se ghara, putra, strI, gAya, bhaiMsa Adi kA bhI svAmI hai| nizcayanaya se jIva kA sAdhana svakIya jJAna darzana Adi jIvatva hI hai, svabhAva bhAva kA hI AtmA sAdhana (kAraNa) hai jo ki pAriNAmika bhAva hai aura vyavahAra naya se upazama samyaktva, krodhAdi vibhAva bhAva kA AtmA sAdhana hai, kAraNa hai athavA inake dvArA jIva kI siddhi hotI hai inameM hI daza prANagarbhita haiN| nizcaya se jIva kA adhikaraNa svakIya Atmapradeza hI haiM kyoMki nizcaya naya se AtmA apane pradezoM meM hI rahatI hai aura vyavahAra naya se zarIra, ghara, bhUmi Adi bhI jIva ke adhikaraNa haiN| nizcaya naya se anAdikAla se ananta kAla taka jIvita rahane ke samayoM taka jIva kI sthiti hai arthAt AtmA anAdi kAla se ananta kAla taka rahatA hai| vyavahAra naya se do samaya se lekara anAdi avasAna sahita hai arthAt eka paryAya meM rahane ke kAraNa jaghanya antarmuhUrta aura utkRSTa taiMtIsa sAgara pramANa sthiti hai athavA daza prANoM kA dhAraka AtmA ananta kAla taka rahatA hai| nizcaya naya se jIva ananta prakAra kA hai aura vyavahAra naya se narakAdi gatiyoM ke bheda se saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta prakAra ke haiM arthAt isa prakAra jIva, ajIva, Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa ratnatraya Adi ke bhI nirdeza Adi kathana karanA caahie| tathA pramANa se yaha jIva una nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM nayoM ke dvArA utpanna jJapti svarUpa ke viSayabhUta samudAyoM kA svabhAva hai arthAt AtmA jJAna svarUpa hai, yaha jIva kA nirdeza hai| isa prakAra nirdeza Adi chahoM anuyogoM kA jIva, ajIva Adi sAtoM tattvoM meM Agama ke avirodha se nirdeza Adi kA udAharaNa jAnanA cAhie arthAt saMkSepa se jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA hotA hai aura vistAra se isa nirdeza Adi ke dvArA jAnanA caahie| kevala nirdeza Adi ke dvArA hI jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama nahIM hotA hai, to jIvAdi padArthoM ke jAnane ke dUsare upAya kauna se haiM ? aisI jijJAsA hone para kahate haiM: sat , saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpabahutva ke dvArA bhI jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama hotA h||8||
Page #359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 346 svArtho'dhigamo jJAnAtmakaiH, parArthaH zabdAtmakaiH kartavya iti ghttnaat|| nanu pUrvasUtra evAdhigamasya hetoH pratipAditatvAt kiM cikIrSuridaM sUtramabravIt iti cet ;sadAdibhiH prapaMcena tattvArthAdhigamaM muniH| saMdidarzayiSuH prAha sUtraM ziSyAnurodhataH // 1 // ye hi ziSyAH saMkSeparucayastAn prati "pramANanayairadhigamaH" iti sUtramAha, ye ca madhyamarucayastAn prati nirdezAdisUtraM, ye punarvistararucayastAn prati sadAdibhiraSTAbhistattvArthAdhigamaM darzayitumidaM sUtraM, shissyaanurodhenaacaaryvcnprvRtteH|| nAstitvaikAMtavicchittyai tAvat prAk ca prarUpaNam / sAmAnyato vizeSAttu jiivaadystitvbhidvide||2|| nanvekatvAdastitvasya na sAmAnyavizeSasaMbhavo yena sAmAnyato nAstitvaikAMtasya vizeSato jIvAdinAstitvasya vyavacchedAttatprarUpaNaM prAgeva saMkhyAdibhiH kriyate / na hyekA na sattA sarvatra, sarvadA tasyA jJAnAtmaka sat saMkhyAdi ke dvArA svArtha (apane ApakA) adhigama hotA hai| (kyoMki pratipAdaka ko svayaM kA anveSaNa karanA bhI Avazyaka hai)| zabdAtmaka sat saMkhyA Adi ke dvArA padArtha kA adhigama hotA hai (kyoMki pratipAdya zrotA apanI pratipatti ko zabdoM ke dvArA hI jAnatA hai|) hetuoM ke dvArA tattvArtha ke adhigama kA pratipAdana karanA pUrva sUtra meM kaha diyA gayA hai to puna: isa sUtra kA kyA karane kI icchA se pratipAdana kiyA hai ? aisI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM : ati vistAra ke sAtha satsaMkhyA Adi ke dvArA tattvArthoM ko dikhalAne ke icchuka umAsvAmI AcArya ne ziSyoM ke anurodha se sUtra kahA hai||1|| kyoMki jo ziSya saMkSepa ruci vAle haiM unake prati "pramANanayairadhigamaH" isa sUtra kA kathana kiyA hai aura jo ziSya na adhika saMkSepa se samajhatA hai aura na ati vistAra se samajhatA hai, aise madhyama ruci vAle ziSya ko samajhAne ke lie "nirdeza svAmitva sAdhanAdhikaraNa sthitividhAnataH" isa sUtra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai parantu jo ziSya atIva vistAra se samajhane kI utkaNThA rakhate haiM, una ziSyoM ke prati 'satsaMkhyA' Adi ATha anuyogoM ke dvArA tattvArtha ke adhigama ko dikhAne ke lie isa sUtra kA nirdeza kiyA hai kyoMki ziSyoM ke anurodha se AcArya ke vacanoM kI pravRtti hotI hai| ___ ina anuyogoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se nAstitva ke ekAnta kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie aura vizeSa rUpa se jIvAdika ke astitva ko nahIM mAnane vAle cArvAka kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie sarvaprathama sUtra meM "sat" kI prarUpaNA kI h||2|| ___zaMkA : 'sat' ekatva (eka) hai; usake sAmAnya aura vizeSa do bheda kaise saMbhava ho sakate haiM? jisase sAmAnyataH sampUrNa padArthoM ke nAstitva ke ekAnta kA aura vizeSa rUpa se jIvAdika ke nAstitva
Page #360
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 347 vicchedAbhAvAt / sattAzUnyasya kasyaciddezasya vAnupapatteH, satpratyayasya sarvatra sarvadA sadbhAvAt / satpratyayasyaikarUpatvepi sattAnekatve ca na kiMcidekaM syAditi kazcit , so'smiikssitaabhydhaayii| sattAyAstadbAhyArthebhyaH sarvathA bhinnAyAH pratItyabhAvAt tebhyaH kathaMcidbhinnAyAstu pratItau tadvatsAmAnyavizeSavattvasiddhe noktopaalNbhH|| sarvamasadeveti vadaMtaM pratyAha;sanmAtrApahnave saMvitsattvAbhAvAnna saadhnm| sveSTasya dUSaNaM vAsti nAniSTasya kathaMcana // 3 // saMvedanAdhInaM hISTasya sAdhanamaniSTasya ca dUSaNaM jJAnAtmakaM na ca sarvazUnyatAvAdinaH saMvedanamasti, vipratiSedhAt / tato na tasya ca yuktaM / nApi parArthaM vacanAtmakaM tata eveti na sanmAtrApahnavopAyAt saMvinmAnaM grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdizUnyatvAcchUnyamiti cet ; kA viccheda karane ke lie saMkhyAdi' ke pUrva sat kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai arthAt sattA nitya, vyApaka aura eka hai| jaba usameM sAmAnya aura vizeSa vikalpa hI nahIM haiM to phira sAmAnya aura vizeSa rUpa se nAstitva ke nivAraNa ke lie 'sat' kA nirdeza kyoM kiyA jAtA hai ? sattA eka nahIM hai-aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki sarvatra sadA usa sattA ke vyavaccheda kA abhAva hai arthAt sarvakAla aura sarvadeza meM AkAza ke samAna sattA vyApta hokara rahatI hai, koI bhI deza sattA se zUnya hokara sthita nahIM hai, sampUrNa padArthoM meM, sarva sthaloM para sadA hI 'sat' aise jJAnoM kA sadbhAva hai| satpratyaya ke ekatva rUpa hote hue bhI yadi sattA ko aneka rUpa mAnA jAyegA to saMsAra meM koI eka rUpa siddha nahIM ho skegaa| aisA koI (vaizeSika) kahatA hai| samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaizeSika kA yaha kathana binA vicArA hai, kyoMki sattAvAle ghaTapaTa Adi bAhya padArthoM se sarvathA bhinna sattA kI pratIti kA abhAva hai| ____una sattAvAna padArthoM se kathaMcit bhinna (aura kathaMcit abhinna) sattA kI pratIti hone para to unhIM arthoM ke samAna sattA ke bhI sAmAnya vizeSatva siddha hotA hai ataH syAdvAda siddhAnta meM tumhAre dvArA kathita ulAhanA lAgU nahIM hotaa| "sarva padArtha asat hI haiM"-isa prakAra kahane vAle zUnyavAdI ke prati AcArya kahate haiM: padArthoM kI sattA mAtra kA sarvathA lopa kara dene para (sarvathA tattvoM kA abhAva mAnane para) saMvedana ke sattva kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai, tathA saMvedana ke astitva kA abhAva mAnane para iSTa tattva kA sAdhana aura aniSTa tattva kA dUSaNa bhI kisI prakAra siddha nahIM ho sakatA // 3 // - kyoMki svakIya iSTa kI siddhi karanA aura aniSTa tattvoM meM dUSaNa denA saMvedanA ke AdhIna hai parantu sarva zUnyatAvAdiyoM ke jJAnAtmaka saMvedana nahIM hai, kyoMki unake siddhAnta meM jJAnAtmaka saMvedana kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai isalie zUnyavAdiyoM ko sampUrNa satpadArthoM kA apahnava (lopa) karanA yukta nahIM hai tathA dUsaroM
Page #361
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 348 grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdizUnyaM saMvittimAtrakam / na svata: siddhamArekAbhAvApatterazeSataH // 4 // parato grahaNe tasya grAhyagrAhakatAsthitiH / paropagamataH sA cetsvataH sApi na sidhyati // 5 // kutazcidgrAhakAtsiddhaH parAbhyupagamo yadi / grAhyagrAhakabhAvaH syAttattvato nAnyathA sthitiH||6|| grAhyagrAhakabhAvotaH siddhassveSTasya sAdhanAt / sarvathaivAnyathA tasyAnupapattirvinizcayAt // 7 // na hi grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdizUnyasya saMvedanasya svayamiSTasya sAdhanaM svAbhyupagamataH parAbhyupagamato vA svataH parato vA paramArthataH grAhyagrAhakabhAvAbhAve ghaTate, atiprasaMgAt / saMvRtyA ghaTata eveti cet, tarhi saMvedanamAtra paramArthaM sat saMvRttisiddhaM / grAhakavedyatvAdbhedavyavahAravat svarUpasya svato gatiriticet , kutastatra ke lie iSTa kA sAdhana aura aniSTa kA dUSaNa bhI vacanAtmaka hai, vaha bhI zUnyavAdiyoM ke ghaTita nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki sat mAtra kA lopa karane para satsvarUpa vacana kaise ghaTita ho sakate haiM ? .. "grAhya-grAhaka bhAva, bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva, kArya-kAraNa bhAva, vAcya-vAcaka bhAvAdi se zUnya hone ke kAraNa saMvedana mAtra ko zUnya tattva kahate haiN|" aisA bauddha ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM: grAhya-grAhakAdi bhAvoM se zUnya (rahita) saMvittimAtra (saMvedana) svata: siddha nahIM hai| yadi zUnya saMvedana kI svataH siddhi hotI hai to pUrNa rUpa se saMzaya hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA // 4 // yadi zUnya saMvedana kA dUsare ke dvArA grahaNa hotA hai to grAhya grAhaka bhAva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai arthAt saMvedana grAhya ho jAtA hai aura para padArtha grAhaka ho jAte haiN| yadi grAhya-grAhaka bhAva svataH na mAnakara dUsare (syAdvAdiyoM) ke kathana se usameM grAhya-grAhaka bhAva svIkAra kiyA jAyegA to usakI siddhi bhI svata: nahIM ho sakatI // 5 // yadi kisI anya grAhaka jJAna se parAbhyupagama (dUsaroM kI svIkRti ko) siddha huA mAnoge to vAstavika rUpa se grAhya-grAhaka bhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| anyathA lokaprasiddha grAhya-grAhaka bhAva kI sthiti nahIM ho sktii| athavA anya prakAra se iSTa tattva kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI ataH svakIya iSTa padArtha ke sAdhana se hI grAhya-grAhaka bhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| anyathA (grAhya-grAhaka bhAva ke abhAva meM) sabhI prakAroM se usa iSTa saMvedana mAtra tattva kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI jo vizeSa rUpa se nizcita hai||6-7|| grAhya-grAhaka Adi bhAva se zUnya svayaM bauddha ke dvArA iSTa saMvedana kA sAdhana (siddha) karanA grAhyagrAhaka Adi bhAva ke abhAva meM svataH svIkAra karane se athavA dUsare mImAMsaka Adi ke dvArA svIkRta hone para bhI ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai| anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt pramANa aura prameya kA grAhya, grAhaka bhAva kA abhAva mAnane para svecchAnusAra abhISTa tattva kI siddhi ho jAyegI, sabhI vAdiyoM ke manoratha siddha ho jaayeNge| yadi kalpita vyavahAra se grAhya-grAhaka bhAva mAnakara iSTa tattva kA sAdhana ghaTita karate haiM to vAstavika rUpa se sadbhUta saMvedana ko bhI kalpita siddha samajhanA par3egA kyoMki jaise dvaita rUpa bhedoM ko jAnane
Page #362
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 349 saMzayaH? tathA nizcayAnupapatteriti cenna, sugatasyApi tatra tatprasaMgAt / tasya vidhUtaklpanAjAlatvAnna svarUpe saMzaya iti cet; tadidamanavasthitaprajJAsyasubhASitaM saMvedanAdvaitatattvaM pratijJAya vidhUtakalpanAjAla: sugataH, pRthagjanA: kalpanAjAlAvRttamanasa iti bhedasya kathanAt / kathaM ca saMvedanAdvaitavAdinaH saMvRttiparamArthasatyadvayavibhAga: siddhaH ? saMvRttyeti cet , so'yamanyonyasaMzrayaH / siddhe hi paramArthasaMvRttisatyavibhAge saMvRttirAzrIyate tasyAM ca siddhAyAM tadvibhAga iti kutaH kiM siddhyet, tanna tattvato grAhyagrAhakabhAvAbhAve sveSTasAdhanaM nAmeti vinishcyH|| vAlA vyavahAra vAstavika nahIM ha, kalpita hai, usI prakAra kalpanA se kalpita grAhaka dvArA jAnane yogya hone ke kAraNa zuddha saMvedana bhI pAramArthika nahIM ho skegaa| 'zuddha saMvedana ke svarUpa kI jJapti svata: ho jAtI hai' aisA saugata ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa zUnya saMvedana meM saMzaya kaise hotA hai ? arthAt svataH saMvedyamAna hai, vaha sarvatra pratibhAsita rahatA hai| parantu saugata ke dvArA svIkRta saMvedana meM aneka puruSoM ko saMzaya hotA hai| cUMki zuddha saMvedana kA sabako nizcaya nahIM hotA hai isalie kisI-kisI ko saMzaya hotA hai aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA kahane para to sugata ke bhI usa saMvedana kA nizcaya na hone se saMzaya hone kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt buddha ke bhI nirvikalpa jJAna svIkAra kiyA hai, nizcaya jJAna nahIM mAnA hai| yadi kaho ki saugata kA jJAna vikalpa jAla se rahita hai ata: svarUpa meM saMzaya nahIM hai (saMzaya to kalpanA jJAna hai) to yaha avicArazIla (caMcalabuddhivAle) kA kathana hai arthAt jisakI buddhi kisI nirNIta mArga para sthita nahIM hai, ve hI aisA kaha sakate haiM, anya nhiiN| saMvedanAdvaitavAdI ke mata kA nirAkaraNa bauddha jana zuddha saMvedana tattva ke pUrva meM advaita kI pratijJA karake punaH "buddhadeva kalpanA se rahita haiM aura saMsArI jIva kalpanA jAla se AvRtta mana vAle haiM" isa prakAra bheda kA kathana karate haiN| parantu advaita ko mAnakara puna: dvaita ko puSTa karanA yaha buddhimAna kA kAma nahIM hai| ___saMvedanAdvaitavAdI ke yahA~ saMvedana ke kalpanA satya aura vAstavika satya-ye do vibhAga siddha kaise ho sakate haiN| yadi saMvRtti (vyavahAra) se kalpanAsatya aura vAstavika satya yaha vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai to yaha anyo'nyAzraya doSa hai| kyoMki vAstavika satya aura kalpanA satya kA vibhAga siddha ho jAne para saMvRtti (vyavahAra) kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai aura saMvRtti ke siddha ho jAne para kAlpanika satya aura vAstavika satya kA vibhAga karanA siddha hotA hai isa prakAra parasparAzraya doSa ke utthAna meM kisase kisakI siddhi ho sakatI hai ? isalie vAstavika rUpa se grAhya-grAhaka bhAva ke abhAva meM apane iSTa sAdhana kI nAma mAtra bhI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| aisA nizcaya karanA caahie|
Page #363
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 350 'bAdhyabAdhakamAvasyApyabAdheniSTasAdhanaM / svAnyopagamataH siddhyennetyasAvapi tAttvikam // 8 // na hi bAdhyabAdhakabhAvAderaniSTasyAbAdhanaM svataH sarveSAM pratibhAsate, vipratipattAvabhAvaprasaMgAt / saMvinmAtrapratibhAsanameva tatpratibhAsanamiti cet na, tasyAsiddhatvAt / parato bAdhakAdaniSTasya bAdhanamiti cet siddhastarhi bAdhyabAdhakabhAvaH iti tannirAkaraNaprakaraNasaMbaMdha pralApamAnaM / saMvRttyA aniSTasya bAdhanAdadoSa iti cet tarhi tattvato na vA bAdhyabAdhakabhAvasya bAdhanamiti doSa ev| parAbhyupagamAt tadbAdhanamiti cet tasya sAMvRtatve doSasya tadavasthatvAt / pAramArthikatvepi tadanatikrama eveti sarvathA bAdhyabAdhakabhAvAbhAve tattvato naanissttbaadhnmnuppnnm|| ___ bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva ke abAdhita hone para hI aniSTatattva kI siddhi ho sakatI hai| bAdhya (asatya jJAna aura jJeya) bAdhaka (samIcIna jJAna aura jJeya) donoM ke abhAva meM bhI aniSTa tattva meM bAdhA kaise dI jA sakegI ? kevala sva-para ke svIkAra kara lene mAtra se to aniSTa tattva meM bAdhA siddha nahIM ho sakatI ata: vaha bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva yA aniSTa tattva kI bAdhA karanA bhI tAttvika hai||8|| arthAt aniSTatattva yA bAdhyabAdhaka bhAva ke paramArthabhUta hone para sva iSTa tattva kI siddhi kara sakate haiM, anyathA nhiiN| saMvedanAdvaitavAdiyoM ko aniSTa aise bAdhya-bAdhaka Adi bhAva kI bAdhA svata: sabhI ko pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki sabhI ko svataH bAdhA kA pratibhAsa ho jAtA to vivAda hone kA prasaMga bhI nahIM aataa| "kevala zuddha saMvedana kA jJAna honA hI usa aniSTa bAdhya-bAdhaka Adi kI bAdhA kA pratibhAsa hai" -aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki akele usa zuddha saMvedana ke pratibhAsa kI siddhi nahIM hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA svIkRta bAdhaka bhAva se aniSTa kI bAdhana hai-aisA kahate ho to bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva ke khaNDana karane ke prakaraNa kA sambandha karanA pralApa mAtra hai| yadi pUrva ke samAna saMvRtti (vyavahAra) rUpa kalpanA se aniSTa tattva kI bAdhA ho jAne ke kAraNa ukta doSa nahIM Ate haiM-aisA kahoge to vAstava rUpa se bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva ke bAdhA nahIM ho sakatI ata: doSa vaise kA vaisA rahatA hI hai arthAt vAstavika rUpa se bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva mAnanA pdd'egaa| yadi dUsare vAdiyoM ke svIkRta kiye bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva se usakI bAdhA karoge taba to usa dUsaroM ke svIkAra ko yadi kalpita mAnA jAyegA to vahI doSa vaise kA vaisA avasthita rahegA arthAt kalpita bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva se aniSTa bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva kI bAdhA nahIM bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva ko pAramArthika mAna lene para bhI doSoM kA atikramaNa nahIM hotA hai| isalie, sarvathA bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAva ke abhAva meM vAstavika rUpa se aniSTa tattva kI bAdhA karanA kisI prakAra bhI siddha nahIM hai| 1. bAdhya-bAdhaka bhAvasyApyabhAveniSTabAdhanaM / mANikacanda jI kI prati meM aisA pATha hai| parantu mUla pATha zuddha pratIta hotA hai|
Page #364
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 351 kAryakAraNabhAvasyAbhAve sNvidkaarnnaa| satI nityAnyathA vyomaarviNdaadivdprmaa||9|| sarvathaivAphalatvAcca tasyAH sidhyanna vstutaa| saphalatve punaH siddhA kAryakAraNatAMjasA // 10 // na saMvidakAraNA nApi sakAraNA nAphalA nApi saphalA yato'yaM doSaH / kiM tarhi ? saMvitsaMvideveti cet , naivaM paramabrahmasiddheH saMvinmAtrasya sarvathApyasiddheH smrthnaat|| vAcyavAcakatApyevamiSTAniSTAtmanoH svayam / sAdhanAddUSaNAccApi vAgbhiH siddhAnyathA na tat // 11 // yadi saMvedanAdvaita vAdI kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM to kArya-kAraNa bhAva ke abhAva meM saMvedana sat akAraNa ho jAne se nitya ho jAyegA kyoMki jo akAraNa hotA hai vaha nitya hotA hai anyathA (yadi saMvedana ke kArya-kAraNa bhAva nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) vaha saMvedana AkAza ke phUla ke samAna pramA rahita (jJAna kA viSaya nahIM) hone se asat ho jaayegaa||9|| yadi saMvedanA sarvathA phala rahita hai to usa saMvedanA ke vastupanA siddha nahIM ho sakatA arthAt arthakriyA ko karane vAle padArtha hI vastubhUta mAne gaye haiN| yadi saMvedanA ko phala sahita svIkAra karate haiM to nirdoSa kArya-kAraNa bhAva siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt uttara phala ko utpanna karanA hI saMvedanA kA kArya hai||10|| . bhAvArtha : pratyeka dravya anAdi kAla se ananta kAlaparyanta dhrauvya rahakara bhI niraMtara pariNamana karatA rahatA hai| usa pariNamana meM pUrvavartI paryAya upAdAna kAraNa hai aura uttaravartI paryAya kArya hai| yaha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya kA krama anAdi kAla se hai aura yahI dravya kA dravyatva hai| saMvedana bhI AtmA ke jJAna guNa kI paryAya hone se, utpAda vyaya se yukta hone se kAraNa-kArya bhAva sahita hai| bauddha kahatA hai-saMvedanA akAraNa bhI nahIM hotI hai aura sakAraNa bhI nahIM hotI hai, saphalA bhI nahIM hai aura niSphalA bhI nahIM jisase yaha doSa lAgU ho ske| prazna : saMvitti kA svarUpa kyA hai ?, uttara : saMvid to saMvid hI hai, jaise svAnubhUti svAnubhUti hI hai aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra ke kathana se parama brahma kI siddhi ho sakatI hai arthAt bauddha ke samAna brahmavAdI bhI kaha sakate haiM ki brahma, brahma hI hai ata: zuddha saMvedanA kI siddhi sarvathA nahIM ho sakatI hai-aisA samarthana kara diyA hai| .. tathA saMvedanAdvaitavAdiyoM ke vAcya-vAcaka bhAva bhI sulabhatA se siddha ho jAtA hai kyoMki iSTa svarUpa aura aniSTa svarUpa padArthoM ke sAdhana aura dUSaNa dene kA prayoga vacanoM ke dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai arthAt iSTa ko siddha karane ke lie sAdhana (hetu) kA prayoga vacana ke dvArA hI hotA hai aura aniSTa ko dUSaNa denA bhI vacana ke dvArA hI hotA hai| anyathA-(vAcya-vAcaka bhAva ke binA) vaktA iSTasAdhana aura aniSTa dUSaNa kA pratipAdana kara pratipAdya (ziSya) ko samajhA nahIM sakate haiM ata: vAcya-vAcaka bhAva siddha hai||11||
Page #365
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 352 . svayamiSTAniSTayoH sAdhanadUSaNe paraM prati vAgbhiH prakAzayitvAtItya vAcakabhAvaM nirAkaroti kathaM svasthaH / no cet kathamiSTAniSTayoH sAdhanadUSaNamiti ciMtyaM / saMvRttyA cet na tayA tsyoktsyaapynuktsmtvaat| svapnAdivatsaMvRttesRSArUpatvAt / tadamRSArUpatve paramArthasya saMvRtiriti nAmakaraNamAtraM syAttato na grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdizUnyaM saMvittimAtramapi zUnyasAdhanAbhAvAt srvshuunytaavt|| . tatsatprarUpaNaM yuktamAdAveva vipazcitAm / kvAnyathA paradharmANAM nirUpaNamanAkulam // 12 // . ___ satprarUpaNAbhAve'rthAnAM dharmiNAmasattvAt kva saMkhyAdidharmANAM prarUpaNaM sunizcitaM pravartate zazaviSANAdivat / kalpanAropitArtheSu tatprarUpaNamiti cet na teSvapi kalpanAropitena rUpeNAsatsu na tannirUpaNaM svayaM iSTa zuddha saMvedanAdvaita kA sAdhana aura svayaM ko aniSTa dvaita ke dUSaNa ko dUsare vAdI yA ziSya ke prati vacanoM ke dvArA pratipAdana karake bhI vAcya-vAcaka bhAva kA ullaMghana karake nirAkaraNa karatA hai, vaha bauddha svastha kaise hai (arthAt sva vacana kA virodhaka hone se unmatta hai|) yadi ve bauddha vacanoM ke dvArA para (dUsaroM) ke prati padArthoM kA pratipAdana karanA nahIM mAnate haiM to svakIya iSTa tattva kA sAdhana aura aniSTa . tattva kA dUSaNa kaise kara sakeMge ? isakA svayaM bauddhoM ko vicAra karanA caahie| "paramArtha se iSTa kA sAdhana aura aniSTa kA dUSaNa nahIM kahA jAtA hai, apitu vyavahAra se kahA jAtA he" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vyavahAra (asatyakalpanA) se kahA gayA sAdhana aura dUSaNa kA vacana nahIM kahe hue ke samAna hai| svapnAvasthA yA mUrchAvasthA meM uccarita zabda vyartha hote haiM kyoMki bauddha siddhAnta meM saMvRtti (vyavahAra) ko sarvathA asatya mAnA hai| yadi saMvRtti ko satyarUpa mAnate ho taba to paramArtha kA nAmakaraNa mAtra hI saMvRtti siddha hotI hai arthAt saMvRtti kaho yA paramArtha kaho, yaha nAma mAtra meM bheda rahegA, vAstava bheda nahIM hai ataH saMvRtti se vAcyavAcaka bhAva hai| yaha vAstavika vAcya vAcaka bhAva hai isalie grAhya-grAhaka bhAva Adi se zUnya bhI saMvitti mAtra siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki sarva zUnyatA ke samAna jJAna se atirikta zUnyatA ke sAdhana kA bhI abhAva hai| ___ sampUrNa prarUpaNA kI Adi meM vidvajjanoM ke lie satprarUpaNA (padArthoM ke sadbhAva kA prarUpaNa karanA) hI samucita hai| anyathA (vastu ke sadbhAva ke nirNaya hue binA) anya saMkhyA Adi dharmoM kA AkulatA rahita pratipAdana ho nahIM sktaa||12|| ___ padArthoM ke sadbhAva kA nirUpaNa kie binA (satprarUpaNA ke abhAva meM dharmiyoM kA asattva hone se) saMkhyA Adi dharmoM kI prarUpaNA kA sunizcita pravartana kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt satprarUpaNA ke binA saMkhyA Adi dharmoM kA pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki 'sat' dharma hai aura vaha AdhArabhUta dharmI ke binA saMkhyA Adi dharmoM kA kathana nahIM kara sakatA jaise kharagoza ke sIMga kA astitva hI nahIM hai to unakI saMkhyA Adi kA kathana nahIM ho sktaa| "kalpanA se Aropita padArthoM meM 'sat' kI prarUpaNA hotI hai" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki kalpanA se Aropita svarUpa vAle una asat padArthoM meM 'sat' kI prarUpaNA karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM
Page #366
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 353 yuktamatiprasaMgAt / satsu tannirUpaNe satprarUpaNamevAdau prekSAvatAM yuktamiti niraakulm|| nirdezavacanAdetadbhinnaM dravyAdigocarAt / sanmAtraviSayIkurvadarthAnastitvasAdhanam // 13 // nirdezavacanAtsattvasiddheH sadvacanaM punaruktamityasAraM, nirdezavacanasya dravyAdiviSayatvAt sadvacanasya sanmAtraviSayatvAt bhinnaviSayatvena tatastasya punaruktatvAsiddheH / na hi yathA jIvAdayosAdhAraNadharmAdhArA: pratipakSavyavacchedena nirdezavacanasya viSayAstathA sadvacanasya tena sarvadravyaparyAyasAdhanena sattvasyAbhidhAnAt / tasyApi svapratipakSAsattvavyavacchedena pravRtterasAdhAraNaviSayatvameveti cenna, asattvasya saMdatararUpatvena sadvacanAdavyavacchedAt bhavadapi sAmarthyAnnAstitvasAdhanaM sadvacanaM sapratipakSavyavacchedena sanmAtragocaraM nirdezavacanAdbhinnaviSayameva tato mahAviSayatvAt / nirdizyamAnavastuviSayaM hi nirdezavacanaM na svAmitvAdiviSayaM, hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt asat kalpanA kara lene para AkAza ke phUla, gadhe ke sIMga Adi ke bhI satprarUpaNA kI kalpanA karane kA prasaMga aayegaa| . yadi 'sat' rUpa kA hI nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai aisA mAnate haiM to vidvajjanoM (vicArazIla puruSoM) ko sarvaprathama satprarUpaNA kA kathana karanA hI ucita hai| yaha nirAkula hokara siddha kara diyA gayA hai| kevala dravyAdigocara (kevala sthUla dravya yA sadRza vyaMjana paryAya rUpa katipaya padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAle) nirdeza vacana se yaha sarva vastubhUta arthoM kI kevala sattA ko viSaya karatA huA astitva ko siddha karane vAlA sattA kA prarUpaNa pRthak hai||13|| ___ "sUtra meM kathita nirdezavacana se sattva kI siddhi ho jAne se punaH 'sat saMkhyA' isa sUtra ke dvArA sattA kA nirUpaNa karanA punarukta hai|" aisA kahanA sAra rahita hai kyoMki nirdeza vacana kA dravya, guNa, kriyA Adi viSaya hai arthAt dravya, guNa Adi vizeSoM kA viSaya karanA nirdeza hai; jaise yaha AtmA hai, yaha jJAna hai, ityAdi aura abhedarUpa se sattA mAtra kA viSaya karanA 'sat' kA prarUpaNa hai ata: donoM kA bhinna-bhinna viSaya hone se sat kI prarUpaNA ke punarukta kI asiddhi hai kyoMki jaise asAdhAraNa dharmoM ke AdhAra katipaya jIvAdi padArtha pratikUla pakSa kI vyAvRtti karake nirdeza vacana ke viSaya haiM, usI prakAra asAdhAraNa dharma ke AdhArabhUta jIvAdi padArtha 'sat' vacana ke viSaya nahIM haiM kyoMki sampUrNa dravya, guNa aura paryAyoM meM vyApa kara rahane vAlI sAmAnya sattA kA 'sat' zabda ke dvArA kathana kiyA jAtA hai arthAt nirdeza kA viSaya vizeSa hai aura 'sat' kA viSaya sAmAnya hai| yahI donoM meM bheda hai| - "sat vacana kI sva pratipakSI asattA kI vyAvRtti karake hI pravRtti hotI hai, ata: vaha bhI sampUrNa sat asat padArthoM meM nahIM rahane se asAdhAraNa sat padArthoM kA hI viSaya hai"-aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki asattA tucchAbhAva rUpa padArtha nahIM hai apitu asattva ke bhI dUsare sattva rUpa se vyavasthita hone se asattva kA sat vaMcana se vyavaccheda nahIM hotA hai arthAt asattva bhI kisI rUpa se sattva hai| athavA-arthApatti pramANa ke sAmarthya se pratipakSI ke nAstitva ko siddha karane vAlA aura svakIya pratipakSI ke vyavaccheda karake kevala sattA kA viSaya karane vAlA 'sat' vacana nirdeza vacana se bhinna viSaya vAlA hI hai kyoMki katipaya dravya, guNa paryAya kA kathana karane vAle nirdeza se sattA mahAviSaya vAlI hai
Page #367
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 354 sadvacanaM punaH sarvaviSayamiti mahAviSayatvaM / sattvamapi nirdizyamAnaM nirdezavacanena viSayIkriyamANaM na tasyAviSaya iti cenna, svAmitvAdivacanaviSayasattvasya tadaviSayatvAt / kiM saditi hi prazne syAdutpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM saditi nirdezavacanaM, na punaH kasya sat kena kasmin kiyacciraM kiM vidhAnamiti praznavatarati tatra svAmitvAdivacanAnAmevAvatArAt / naivaM, sadvacanaM kimityanuyoga eva pravartate sarvathA sarvAnuyogeSu tasya prvRtteH| saMkhyAdivacanaviSaye sadvacanasyApravRtterna sarvaviSayatvamiti cenna, tsyaasttvprsNgaat| na hyasaMta eva saMkhyAdayaH aura nirdeza vacana to zabdoM ke dvArA kathita vastu ko hI viSaya karatA hai, svAmitva, sAdhana, saMkhyA Adi kA kathana nahIM karatA hai parantu satprarUpaNA nirdeza, svAmitva,sAdhana, saMkhyA, dravya, guNa, paryAya Adi saba hI ko viSaya karatA hai nirdeza kA viSaya alpa hai aura sattA kA viSaya mahAn hai ataH sattA kA kathana punaruktadoSa se yukta nahIM hai| ___ "zabda ke dvArA nirdiSTa sattA bhI nirdeza vacana ke dvArA viSaya kiyA gayA hone se nirdeza vacana kA aviSaya nahIM hai arthAt jisa prakAra sat vyApaka hai, saMkhyA Adi sabhI meM rahatA hai, usI prakAra nirdeza bhI saMkhyA Adi ko viSaya karane vAlA hone se mahA viSaya vAlA hokara vyApaka hai"-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki svAmitva, sAdhana Adi ko viSaya karane vAlI sattA usa nirdeza vacana kA vyApya hokara viSaya nahIM hai| sattA kise kahate haiM ? aisA prazna hone para AcArya kahate haiM-utpAdavyaya dhrauvya se yukta ko sat kahate haiM arthAt jisameM niraMtara utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya hotA rahatA hai-usako sat kahate haiN| yaha nirdeza vacana hI uttara ho sakatA hai parantu sat kisakA hai ? sat kA svAmI kauna hai ? kisa kAraNa se sat utpanna hotA hai ? sat kA sAdhana kyA hai ? sat kahA~ rahatA hai ? sat kA adhikaraNa kyA hai ? sat kitane kAla taka (sthiti) rahatA hai ? aura sat kA vidhAna (prakAra) kyA hai ? isa prakAra praznoM kA avatAra (utpanna) hone para 'sat kA svAmI, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti, vidhAna Adi vacanoM kA nirdeza rUpa se uttara nahIM ho sakatA arthAt svAmitva hai, sAdhana hai, Adi vacanoM kI utpatti hotI hai-isalie nirdeza Adi chaha prarUpaNA haiN| nirdeza Adi kyA haiM ? aisA prazna hone para kevala nirdeza ko hI sat vacana kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai apitu svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa Adi ke sabhI praznoM meM sat vacana kI pravRtti hotI hai ataH sat prarUpaNA vyApaka hai- aura nirdeza vyApya hai| sat sAmAnya hai aura nirdeza vizeSa hai isalie sat aura nirdeza kA pRthakpRthak varNana kiyA gayA hai| ___"nirdeza karane yogya saMkhyA, kSetra Adi ke kathana ke viSaya meM sat vacana kI pravRtti nahIM hotI haiataH sattA ke sarva viSayapanA (sarva padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlI) nahIM ho sakatA"-aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMkhyAdi vacanoM ke dvArA asat saMkhyAdi kA viSaya nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt asat (abhAva) rUpa saMkhyA, kSetra Adi kA vacanoM ke dvArA kathana nahIM ho sakatA anyathA (yadi asattva kA viSaya kiyA jAyegA to) saMkhyA Adi ke asattva kA prasaMga aayegaa|
Page #368
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 355 saMkhyAdivacanairviSayIkriyate teSAmasattvaprasaMgAt / satAM na teSAM nirviSayIkaraNe siddhaM / sadvacanenApi viSayIkaraNamiti tadeva sarvaviSayatvena mahAviSayaM tato na punruktm|| gatyAdimArgaNAsthAnaiH prapaMcena nirUpaNam / mithyaadRssttyaadivikhyaatgunnsthaanaatmkaatmnH|| 14 // kRtamanyatra pratipattavyamiti vAkyazeSaH / sopaskAratvAt vArtikasya suutrvt| saMkhyA saMkhyAvato bhinnA na kAciditi kecana / saMkhyAsaMpratyayasteSAM nirAlaMbaH prasajyate // 15 // naiva saMkhyAsaMpratyayostIMdriyajaH tatraikasmin svalakSaNapratibhAsamAne spaSTamekatvasaMkhyAyAH pratibhAsanAbhAvAt / na hIdaM svalakSaNamiyamekatvasaMkhyeti pratibhAsadvayamanubhavAmaH / nApi liMgajo'yaM yadi "sattva svarUpa saMkhyAdika kA vacanoM ke dvArA viSaya (kathana) kiyA jAtA hai"- aisA kahoge to sattva kA hI saMkhyA Adi vacanoM ke dvArA viSaya (kathana) kiyA gayA hai"-aisA siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra satprarUpaNA hI sarva padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlI hone ke kAraNa mahAviSayavAlI hai ataH satvacana punarukta nahIM haiN| gatiindriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAna, saMyama, darzana, lezyA, bhavyatva, samyaktva, saMjJitva, aura AhAraka ina caudaha mArgaNAsthAnoM ke dvArA aura mithyAdRSTi, sAsAdana-samyagdRSTi, samyagmithyAdRSTi, avirati samyagdRSTi, deza saMyata, pramatta saMyata, apramatta saMyata, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSma sAmparAya, upazAMta moha, kSINamoha, sayoga kevalI aura ayoga kevalI ina caudaha guNasthAnoM meM sthita jIvoM kI vistAra rUpa se prarUpaNA karanI caahie| arthAt mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna meM kaunasI gati kA astitva hai? kauna sI indriya hai? kauna sI kAya hai? ityAdi kA vistRtarUpa se kathana karanA cAhie // 14 // ... sarvArthasiddhi Adi granthoM meM vistAra pUrvaka satprarUpaNA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai-vahA~ se jAna lenA caahie| yaha vAkyavizeSa Upara ke zloka meM lagA lenA cAhie kyoMki sUtra ke samAna vArtika bhI apane artha ko vyakta karane ke lie sopaskAraka (yathAyogya pariziSTa vAkyoM kA AkarSaNa karane vAle) hote haiN| . koI kahatA hai ki- saMkhyAvAna padArtha se koI bhI saMkhyA bhinna nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para saMkhyA ke nirAlaMba jJAna kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt gagana kusuma ke samAna saMkhyA bhI jJAna ke viSaya se rahita ho jaayegii||15|| bauddha : padArtha se bhinna saMkhyA kA samIcIna jJAna indriyajanya pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya to nahIM hai, kyoMki indriyajanya eka pratyakSa meM svalakSaNa ke spaSTarUpa se pratibhAsita ho jAne para ekatva saMkhyA kA pRthak pratibhAsa hone kA abhAva hai arthAt svalakSaNa ke pratibhAsa meM anya saMkhyA kA pratibhAsa nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki "yaha svalakSaNa tattva hai, aura yaha usakI ekatva saMkhyA hai," isa prakAra do pratibhAsoM kA hama anubhava nahIM kara rahe haiN|
Page #369
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 356 saMkhyAsaMpratyaya: saMkhyApratibaddhaliMgasya pratyakSasiddhasyAbhAvAt / tata eva na zAbdo'yaM pratyakSAnumAnamUlaH / yogipratyakSamUlo'yamiti cenna, tasya tathAvagaMtumazakyatvAt / tato'yaM mithyApratyayo nirAlaMbana eveti kecit , teSAM tasya dizAviniyamo na syAt / kAraNarahitatvAdanyAnapekSaNAt sarvadA sattvamasattvaM vA prasajyeta / nirAlaMbanopi samanaMtarapratyayaniyamAt pratiniyatoyamiti cena bahiH saMkhyAyAH pratiniyatAyA prtiiyte|| vAsanAmAtrahetuzcetsA mithyAkalpanAtmikA / vastu sApekSikatvena sthvisstthtvaadidhrmvt||16|| ___ saMkhyA kA samIcIna jJAna hetujanya anumAna svarUpa bhI nahIM hai arthAt anumAna pramANa se bhI saMkhyA nahIM jAnI jAtI hai kyoMki saMkhyA rUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti ko rakhane vAle aura pratyakSa pramANa se siddha hetu kA abhAva hai| pratyakSa jJAna aura anumAna jJAna hai mUla kAraNa jisakA, aisA zAbda bodha (AgamajJAna) bhI saMkhyA ko viSaya karane vAlA nahIM hai arthAt saMkhyA kA jJAna zAbda bodha (Agama rUpa) bhI nahIM hai| . "yaha saMkhyA yogI pratyakSa ke mUla zAbda jJAna kA viSaya hai aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki usa Agama ko sarvajJa ko mUla mAna kara pravarttanA jAnane ke lie azakyatA hai kyoMki sabhI apane-apane AgamoM ko sarvajJa pratipAdita mAnate haiM kintu isakA nirNaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai ataH pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama ye tInoM jJAna saMkhyA ko viSaya nahIM karate haiM isalie yaha saMkhyA mithyA pratyaya (mithyAjJAna) hai, nirAlaMba hai (jJeya viSaya se rahita hai) aisA koI kahatA hai ? aba isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para saMkhyA kAraNa rahita hone se aura anya kI apekSA rahita hone se saMkhyA jJAna ke upadeza kA vizeSa niyama nahIM ho skegaa| kAraNa rahita aura apekSA rahita hone se sarvadA sat yA asat kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt yadi eka padArtha meM do cAra Adi kA jJAna hogA to saMkhyA jJAna ke niyata rahane kI vyavasthA nahIM rhegii| tathA Alambana rahita hone se kisI se kisI ka bhI jJAna ho sakatA hai, parantu saMkhyA kA jJAna avasthita nahIM hai| . bauddha kahatA hai ki nirAlamba hotA huA bhI saMkhyA kA jJAna avyavahita pUrvavartI jJAna hone se niyama se pratiniyata hai arthAt anAdikAlIna vAsanAjanya avyavahita pUrva samayoM meM saMkhyA kA jJAna apane upAdAna kAraNavaza, vahIM para usI samaya saMkhyA kA jJAna karA detA hai, sarvatra sarvadA nahIM karAtA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM kA aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki pratiniyata saMkhyA se bahirbhUta saMkhyA kA jJAna pratIta ho rahA hai| athavA parigaNita jIvAdi padArthoM meM pratiniyata saMkhyAvAna se kathaJcit bahirbhUta saMkhyA kI pratIti ho rahI hai ata: mithyA vAsanA ke kAraNa saMkhyA kAlpanika nahIM hai| puna: bauddha kahatA hai ki jaise yaha isase lambA hai, yaha isase adhika madhura hai, ityAdi bar3A, choTA Adi dharma jaise ApekSika hone se kAlpanika haiM vaise hI do tIna Adi saMkhyAoM kA jJAna bhI vAsanAmAtra hetuoM se utpanna hone se mithyA kalpanA svarUpa hai, vAstavika nahIM hai arthAt jo vastubhUta hote haiM ve dUsaroM kI apekSA nahIM karate haiM jaise rUpa, rasa, sukha Adi padArtha parantu do, tIna Adi saMkhyA apekSAkRta hai ata: vAstavika nahIM hai||16||
Page #370
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 357 nIrUpeSu zazAzvAdiviSANeSvapi kiM na sA tatkalpanAsu satyAsu svarUpeNa tu saaNjsaa|' bahirvastuSu saMkhyAdhyavasIyamAnA vAsanAmAtrahetukA mithyAkalpanAtmikaivApekSikatvAdidharmavaditi cenna, nIrUpeSu zazAdiviSANeSvapi tatprasaMgAt / tatkalpanAsvastyeveti cet tarhi tA: kalpanA: svarUpeNa satyAH kiM vA na satyAH ? na tAvaduttara: pakSaH svamatavirodhAt / kathamidAnIM svarUpeNa satyAsu kalpanAsu saMkhyA paramArthato na syAt, tAsvapi kalpanAMtarAropitApekSikatvAvizeSAt / bahirvastuSveveti cet, syAdevaM yadi vikalpanAropitatvenApekSikaM vyAptaM siddhyet|| na cApekSikatA vyAptA nIrUpatvena gamyate / vastu satsvapi nIlAdirUpeSvasyAH prsiddhitH||17|| ___ jainAcArya kahate haiM ki-svarUpa rahita zaza zRMga yA azva zRMga Adi meM bhI vaha mithyA kalpanA svarUpa saMkhyA kyoM nahIM hogii| yadi kaho ki vaha kalpanAoM meM hI hai taba to saMkhyA vastubhUta kyoM nahIM hogii| vastubhUta kalpanAoM se svIkRta saMkhyA bhI spaSTa rUpa se vAstavika svarUpa samajhI jAegI, kAlpanika nhiiN| "ghaTa, paTa Adi bAhya vastuoM meM nirNIta saMkhyA vAsanAoM ke kAraNa utpanna hone se, apekSA se hone vAle sthUlatva, paratva, aparatva, sUkSmatva Adi dharmoM ke samAna do tIna Adi saMkhyA bhI mithyA kalpanA svarUpa hai"- aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki sarvathA svarUpa rahita zaza, azva Adi viSANoM meM bhI ApekSika dharmoM ke aura usa saMkhyA ke rahane kA prasaMga aayegaa| "yadi kaho ki kalpanAoM meM hI saMkhyA hai ?" to ve kalpanAyeM apane svarUpa se satya haiM ki asatya haiM ? (satya hai ki satya nahIM hai| isameM uttara pakSa kalpanA satya nahIM hai) to svamata kA virodha hone se yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki bauddhoM ne kalpanAoM ko svakIya kalpanA rUpa zarIra se satya svIkAra kiyA hai ata: isa samaya svarUpa se satya kalpanAoM meM saMkhyA paramArtha kyoM nahIM hogI ? arthAt prathama pakSa ke anusAra kalpanAoM ko satya svIkAra karane para saMkhyA bhI satya hogii| "bahiraMga vastuoM ke samAna una svarUpa satya kalpanAoM meM bhI anya dUsarI kalpanAoM se Aropita ApekSikatA vizeSatA rahita sthita hai ata: ve kalpanAe~ kalpita haiM aura kalpanA se Aropita dvitva tritva Adi saMkhyA bhI ApekSika hone se kalpita hai|" saugata ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra taba ho sakatA thA ki yadi kalpanA dvArA Aropitapane karake ApekSikapanA vyApta siddha ho jAtA hai parantu kalpanA se vyApta ApekSikapanA siddha nahIM hai| - ApekSikatA ni:svarUpapane se vyApta ho rahI nahIM jAnI jA rahI hai kyoMki vAstavarUpa se, vastu rUpa se, satsvarUpa nIla Adi meM bhI isa ApekSikapane kI siddhi hai arthAt nIla Adi raMga meM bhI raMga kI taratamatA (nIlatara, nIlatama) gadhe ke sIMga ke samAna ni:svarUpa nahIM hai||17|| 1- nIrUpeSu zazvAdiviSANeSvapi kiM na saa| tatkalpanAsu satyAsu svarUpeNa tu sAMjasA // 17|| mA. pra. meM yaha zloka rUpa meM hai|
Page #371
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 358 nIlanIlAMtarayorhi rUpo yathA nIlApekSaM nIlAMtararUpaM tathA nIlAMtarApekSaM nIlamiti nIlAdirUSeSu vastu satsvapi bhAvAdapekSikatAyA na kalpanAropitatvena vyAptiravagamyate yataH saMkhyAMtarayA bhirNtrniiruuptvN| yadi punaraspaSTAvabhAsitve satyApekSikatvAditi hetustadA sAdhanavikalo dRSTAMtaH, sthaviSThatvAdidharmANAM spaSTAvabhAsitvAt / tatra bhrAMtamiti cenna, bAdhakAbhAvAt / sthaviSThatvAdidharmapratibhAso na spaSTo vikalpatvAdanumAnAdivikalpavadityanumAnaM tadbAdhakamiti cenna, purovartini vastunIMdriyajavikalpena spaSTena vyabhicArAt / tasyApi pakSIkaraNAdavyabhicAra iti cettarhi saMbhAvyavyabhicAro hetuH spaSTatvena vikalpatvasya __ jaise nIla aura nIlAntara meM nIla kI apekSA nIlAntara (adhika nIla) rUpa hai usI prakAra nIlAntara kI apekSA nIla hai| isa prakAra paramArtha se sadbhUta nIlAdi vastuoM meM ApekSikapanA vidyamAna hai isalie ApekSikatA kI, kalpanAropitatva ke sAtha vyApti nahIM jAnI jA sakatI hai| etadartha aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga - padArthoM meM rahane vAlI saMkhyA ko nisvarUpa na kahA jAye arthAt ApekSika bhI saMkhyA vastubhUta hai svarUpa zUnya nahIM hai| "yadi punaH kalpanAropita sAdhana meM aspaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita hone para ApekSikapanA hetu kahate haiM arthAt bauddha ApekSikatva hetu se kalpanA Aropita kI siddhi nahIM karate haiM-apitu kalpanAropitatva sAdhana meM aspaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita ApekSika hai, aisA kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa sAdhana meM saugata ke dvArA kathita choTA, bar3A Adi vastu ke sthaviSTha Adi dRSTAnta sAdhana vikala haiN| sAdhana se rahita hone se vikala haiM kyoMki sthUlatva, sUkSmatva Adi dharmoM ke spaSTAvabhAsitva vidyamAna hai ataH hetu kA vizeSaNa aspaSTa prakAzitva dRSTAnta meM na hone se sAdhana vikala dRSTAnta hai| _ "una sthUlapanA Adi dharma meM spaSTaprakAzitapanA bhrAnta svarUpa hai"-aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai . kyoMki sthUlatva Adi dharmoM ke spaSTa bhAsitva meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai| saugatAnuyAyI sthUlatva Adi. dharmoM ke spaSTa bhAsitva ko anumAna ke dvArA bAdhita kara rahA hai-tathApi-sthUlatva Adi dharmoM kA pratibhAsa spaSTa nahIM hai kyoMki vikalpAtmaka hai; jo vikalpa svarUpa hai- usakA pratibhAsa spaSTa nahIM hotA hai, jaise vikalpa Adi anumAna jJAna arthAt jaise vikalpAtmaka hone se anumAna smRti Adi jJAna spaSTa jAnane vAle nahIM haiN| isa prakAra sthUla Adi dharma spaSTa pratibhAsa anumAna pramANa se bAdhita hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki saugata kA aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isa anumAna meM pratyakSa sAmane rakhI huI vastu meM indriyajanya jJAna ke vikalpa se vyabhicAra AtA hai arthAt sanmukha rakhe huye ghaTa, paTa Adi meM indriyajanya vikalpa jJAna spaSTa dikha rahA hai parantu usameM spaSTapane kA abhAva sAdhya nahIM hai ata: bAdhaka anumAna kA hetu vyabhicArI hai| pramANa jJAna kA bAdhaka jhUThA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| bauddha kahatA hai ki "usa indriyajanya vikalpa ko pakSakoTi meM rakha dene se vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai arthAt sthUlatva Adi dharma ke samAna indriyajanya vikalpa bhI spaSTa nahIM haiM ataH sAdhya meM hetu ke rahane se hetu vyabhicArI nahIM hai" bauddhoM ke isa kathana kA khaNDana karate hue jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para to tumhArA hetu saMbhAvyavyabhicArI hotA hai kyoMki vikalpatva kA spaSTatva ke sAtha koI virodha siddha nahIM 1. vyabhicAra ke sandeha hone ko saMbhAvya vyabhicArI kahate haiN|
Page #372
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 359 . virodhAsiddheH kvacidvikalpatvasyAspaSTatvena drshnaat| spaSTatvena virodhe caMdradvayapratibhAsatvasya satyatvenAdarzanAt svasaMvitpratibhAsatvasyApi satyatvaM mA bhUt tathA tadvirodhasiddheravizeSAt / atha pratibhAsitvAvizeSepi svasaMvitpratibhAsaH satyaH zazidvayapratibhAsazcAsatyaH saMvAdAdasaMvAdAccocyate tarhi vikalpatvAvizeSepIMdriyajavikalpaH spaSTaH sAkSAdarthagrAhakatvAt nAnumAnAdivikalpo'sAkSAdarthagrAhakatvAdityanumanyatAM / tathA ceMdriyajavikalpe vyabhicAra eva nirvikalpatvAdiMdriyajasya jJAnasyAniMdriyajo vikalpostIticenna, tasyAgre vyavasthApayiSyamANatvAt tato nAvaspaSTAvabhAsitvaM dRSTAMtestIti / sAdhanavaikalyameva sarvatra saMkhyAyAM ca tannAstIti pakSAvyApako heturvanaspaticaitanye svApavat / na hi spaSTAvabhAsiSvartheSvaspaSTAvabhAsitvaM saMkhyAyAH prasiddhaM / na ca tatra hai| kvacit vikalpa jJAna bhI aspaSTatva rUpa se dRSTigocara hotA hai| spaSTa kA vikalpa ke sAtha virodha hone para eka candramA meM do candramA ke dRSTigocara hone vAle pratibhAsatva kA satya rUpa se darzana nahIM ho sakatA ataH svasaMvedana ke pratibhAsa ko satyapanA nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki pratibhAsapane kA usa satyapane ke sAtha virodha kI siddhi hone meM koI aMtara nahIM hai| athavA sAmAnyarUpa se pratibhAsatva ke vizeSatA rahita hone para bhI saMvAdaka hone se svasaMvedana kA pratibhAsa satya hai aura pramANAntara pravRtti yA saphala pravRtti kA janaka rUpa saMvAdaka na hone se do candramA kA pratibhAsa asatya kahA jAtA hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA hone para to vikalpa kI vizeSatA na hone se indriyajanya jJAna bhI vikalpAtmaka spaSTa hai kyoMki indriyajanyajJAna vizada rUpa se artha kA grAhaka hai| anumAna, smRti Adi vikalpa jJAna avizada rUpa se artha ke grAhaka hone se spaSTa nahIM haiM aisA mAnanA cAhie ata: indriyajanya vikalpa jJAna meM spaSTapanA hone se saMkhyA ko vAstavika nahIM mAnane meM diye gayA vyabhicAra doSa kA nirAkaraNa nahIM huaa| ___ "nirvikalpa hone se indriyajanya jJAna ke aniMdriyajanya vikalpa hai arthAt indriyajanya jJAna nirvikalpa hai ata: vikalpa jJAna indriyajanya nahIM hai, apitu vikalpa jJAna anindriya janya hai|" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki ekadeza vizada jAnane vAlA indriyajanya sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa jJAna vikalpa svarUpa hai, isakI Age vyavasthApanA (siddhi) kI jaaegii| isalie vizada rUpa se prakAzita sthUlatva Adi dRSTAnta meM aspaSTa bhAsitva hetu ke nahIM rahane se saugata ke dvArA diyA gayA dRSTAnta sAdhana vikala hai| athavA-saMkhyA ko nirUpa siddha karane meM diyA gayA avizada prakAzatva aura ApekSikatva hetu sampUrNa saMkhyA meM nahIM rahatA hai, ata: hetu pakSa meM vyApaka nahIM hai-jaise vanaspati ko caitanya siddha karane ke liye diyA gayA svApa (zayana) hetu sarva vanaspatiyoM meM vyApaka nahIM hai arthAt vanaspati meM caitanya siddhi karane ke lie diyA gayA zayana hetu sarva vanaspatiyoM meM nahIM rahane se bhAgAsiddha hetu hai| vaise hI sabhI saMkhyAoM meM aspaSTa bhAsitva nahIM hai kyoMki spaSTa pratibhAsI ghaTAdi padArthoM meM rahane vAlI saMkhyA kA aspaSTabhAsitva
Page #373
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 360 . spaSTasaMkhyAnubhavAbhAve tadanusArI vikalpaH pAzcAtyo yuktaH, pItAnubhavAbhAve piitviklpvt| tadabhilASavikalpe vAsanA tasmAdyukta eveti cet tarhi pItAdivikalpopi tata eveti na pItAdyAkAro vAstavortheSu saMkhyAvaditi nIrUpatvaM / satyeMdriyajJAnevabhAsanAt pItAdyAkAro vAstava eveti cet tata eva saMkhyA vAstavI kiM na syAt / na hi sA tatra nAvabhAsate tadavabhAsAbhAvAt kasyacittadakSavyApArAMtarAMtaraM tadanizcayAt tadavijJAne tasyAH pratibhAsanamiti cet, tata eva pItAdyAkAra: syAttatra tanmA bhUt / yadi punarabhyAsAdisAkalye sarvasyAkSavyApArAMtaraM prasiddha nahIM hai| yadi vahA~ spaSTa saMkhyA ke anubhava kA abhAva mAnA jAyegA to usa anubhava ke anusAra hone vAlA pichalA vikalpa jJAna yukta kaise hogA ? jaise pIta ke anubhava ke abhAva meM pIche pIta kA vikalpa jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| "saMkhyA ke vikalpa meM athavA zabda yojanA ke vikalpa meM vAsanA lagI rahatI hai| usa vAsanA ke kAraNa avastubhUta saMkhyA kA vikalpajJAna utpanna honA yukta hI hai| bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to asatya vAsanAoM ke kAraNa pIta, nIla Adi kA bhI vikalpa jJAna utpanna ho sakatA hai| kyoMki saugata dvArA svIkRta svalakSaNa arthoM meM pIta Adi AkAra bhI vAstavika nahIM ho sakate, jaise ki padArthoM meM ve saMkhyA vAstavika nahIM mAna rahe haiM, isa tarIke to pItAdika AkAra bhI ni:svarUpa ho jAeMge athavA pIta nIlAdi AkAroM se rahita vaha svalakSaNa ni:svarUpa ho jAegA jo bauddhoM ko iSTa nahIM hai| ___yadi kaho ki indriyajanya satya jJAna meM prakAzita hone ke kAraNa pIta, nIla Adi AkAra vAstavika haiM, taba to satya indriyajanya jJAna meM pratibhAsita hone ke kAraNa saMkhyA bhI vAstavikI kyoM nahIM hogii| vaha saMkhyA usa satya indriyajanya jJAna meM pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai-aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie kyoMki aisA mAnane para jagat prasiddha usa saMkhyA ke pratibhAsa kA abhAva ho jaaegaa| yadi kaho ki kisI-kisI puruSa ke indriya vyApArAntara saMkhyA kA nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA hai isalie usa indriyajanya jJAna meM usa saMkhyA kA pratibhAsa honA nahIM mAnA hai| taba to kisI manuSya ko indriya vyApAra ke anantara pItAdi kA zIghra nirNaya nahIM hotA hai, ata: indriyajanya jJAna meM pItAdi kA pratibhAsa bhI nahIM mAnanA caahie| yadi pItAdi kA pratibhAsa vAstavika hai to saMkhyA kA pratibhAsa bhI vAstavika hogaa| yadi kaho ki punaH abhyAsa Adi sakala kAraNoM kI pUrNatA hone se sabhI prANiyoM ko indriya vyApAra ke anantara pItAdi AkAroM meM nizcaya utpanna ho jAtA hai ata: usa indriyajanya jJAna meM una vastubhUta pItAdi AkAroM kA pratibhAsa hai, taba to abhyAsa Adi sAmagrI kI pUrNatA hone para saMkhyA kA sabhI ko nizcaya ho jAne se saMkhyA kI jJapti bhI indriyajanya jJAna meM mAna lenA cAhie kyoMki abhyAsa Adi kAraNoM kI samagratA hone para sabhI jIvoM ke akSa vyApAra dvArA saMkhyA kA nirNaya ho jAnA asiddha nahIM hai tathA pItAdi AkAroM se saMkhyA meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt pItAdi AkAroM ke samAna saMkhyA bhI vastubhUta hai|
Page #374
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 361 pItAdyAkAreSu nizcayotpattestadvedane tatpratibhAsanamiti mataM tadA saMkhyApratibhAsanamapi tata evAnumanyatAM / na hi tadabhyAsAdipratyayAsAkalye sarvasyAkSavyApArAnnizcayaH saMkhyAyAmasiddha iti kazcit pItAdyAkArAdvizeSa: saMkhyAvatpItAdyAkArANAmapi vastunyabhAva eveti vAyuktaM, sakalAkArarahitasya vastuno'pratibhAsanAt purussaadvaitvt| vidhUtasakalakalpanAkalApaM svasaMvedanameva svataH pratibhAsamAnaM sakalAkArarahitaM vastu matamiti cet tadeva brahmatattvamastu na ca tatpratibhAsate kasyacinnAnaikAtmana eva sarvadA prtiiteH| sarvasya pratItyanusAreNa tattvavyavasthAyAM bahiraMtazca vastubhedasya siddheH| kathaM pItAdyAkAravat saMkhyAyAH pratikSepaH pratItyatikrame kutaH svessttsiddhirityuktpraayN| tataHsA caikatvAdisaMkhyeyaM sarveSvartheSu vaastvii| vidyamAnApi nirNItiM kuryAddhetoH kutazcana // 18 // pratikSaNavinAzAdi bahiraMtaryathAsthiteH / svaavRttypaayvaicitryaadbodhvaicitrynisstthiteH|| 19 // saMkhyA ke samAna pItAdi AkAroM kA bhI vastubhUta padArthoM meM abhAva hI hai-aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki puruSAdvaita ke samAna sakala AkAroM se rahita vastu kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| sampUrNa kalpanAoM ke samudAya se vizeSa rUpa se rahita svasaMvedana jJAna hI svayameva pratibhAsamAna sakala AkAroM se rahita vastubhUta hai, svalakSaNa nIlAkAra, pItAkAra, saMkhyAdi padArtha vastubhUta nahIM haiN| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kathanAnusAra brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM kA parama brahma tattva bhI vastubhUta siddha ho jAtA hai parantu vaha brahmAdvaita kisI ko bhI pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki eka aura aneka rUpa se padArtha sadA pratibhAsita hotA hai-aisI pratIti hotI hai| sabhI prAmANika puruSoM kI pratIti ke anusAra tattvoM kI vyavasthA hone para bahiraMga, aMtaraMga vastuoM ke bheda kI siddhi hotI hai| isalie pItAdi AkAroM ke samAna saMkhyA kA khaNDana kaise kara sakate haiM ? yadi pratItiyoM kA atikramaNa kiyA jAyegA to abhISTa tattvoM kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai ? isakA kathana pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| ye prasiddha ekatva, dvitva Adi saMkhyAyeM sampUrNa arthoM meM vAstavika rUpa se vidyamAna hokara bhI kisI viziSTa jJAna rUpa kAraNavaza apanA nirNaya karAtI haiM jaise ki aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga sabhI padArtha bauddhamatAnusAra pratyeka kSaNa meM naSTa ho jAne se vartamAna rUpa se sthita haiM arthAt kSaNa-kSaNa meM vinaza jAnA hI vartamAna hai aura kSaNikapanA viziSTa jJAna se hI jAnA jAtA hai kyoMki jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama rUpa nAza kI vicitratA se jJAna kI vicitratA honA pratiSThita hI hai| pratyeka padArtha eka do Adi saMkhyA rUpa hai, jaise zuddha dRSTi se jIva eka hI hai, parantu viziSTa dRSTi se saMsArI, mukta ; trasa, sthAvara Adi aneka bheda pAye jAte haiN| ve saMkhyA ke binA jJAta nahIM ho sakate // 1819 // arthAt jAne nahIM jA skte| athavA prameya padArtha kI sattA hI pramAtAoM ko nizcaya karAne meM hetu nahIM hai kyoMki yadi sattA hI padArthoM ke nizcaya karAne meM kAraNa hotI to sarvadA sabhI jIvoM ke sabhI padArthoM ke
Page #375
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 362 na hi prameyasya sattaiva pramAturnizcaye hetuH sarvasya sarvadA sarvanizcayaprasaMgAt / nApIMdriyAdisAmagrImAtraM vyabhicArAt / svAvaraNavigamAbhAve tatsadbhAvepi pratikSaNavinAzAdiSu bahiraMtazca nizcayAnutpatteH, svAvaraNavigamavizeSavaicitryAdeva nizcayavaicitryAsiddheranyathAnupapatteH / tathA sati niyatamekatvAdyazeSa saMkhyA sarveSvartheSu vidyamAnApi nizcayakAraNasya kSayopazamalakSaNasyAbhAve nizcayaM janayati tadbhAva eva ksycittdnishcyaat|| yatraikatvaM kathaM tatra dvitvAderapi saMbhavaH / parasparavirodhAccettayo.vaM pratItitaH // 20 // pratIte hi vastunyekatvasaMkhyA dvitIyAdyapekSAyAM dvitvAdisaMkhyA vA naikasthatvAttasyAstato na virodhH|| nizcaya kA prasaMga aataa| indriya, prakAza Adi sAmagrI mAtra bhI padArthoM ke nirNaya kI kAraNa nahIM hai kyoMki indriya, prakAza Adi sAmagrI ke hone para bhI sUkSma padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM hotA ataH indriya, Aloka Adi ko prameya ke nizcaya kA kAraNa mAnanA anaikAntika doSa se yukta hai| svakIya jJAna ke AvaraNa ke abhAva meM indriyoM ke vidyamAna hone para bhI pratikSaNa vinAza AdimeM bahiraMga aura aMtaraMga padArthoM kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai tathA jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama yA kSaya hone para indriyoM ke abhAva meM padArthoM kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : jaise avadhijJAna, manaHparyaya jJAna aura kevalajJAna indriyoM ke abhAva meM bhI padArthoM kA nizcaya kara lete haiM ata: indriyA~ aura prakAza bhI padArthoM ke nizcaya karAne meM kAraNa nahIM haiN| svakIya AvaraNa kSayopazama aura kSaya kI vicitratA se hI padArthoM ke nizcaya ke vicitratA kI siddhi hotI hai; anyathA (yadi kSayopazama kI vizeSatA na ho to) manda, mandatara Adi jJAna kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| so kSayopazama ke anusAra jJAna hone kI vyavasthA ho jAne para padArthoM meM niyata ekatva Adi saMkhyAyeM sAre padArthoM meM vidyamAna haiM phira bhI nizcayajJAna ke kAraNabhUta kSayopazama lakSaNa ke abhAva meM nizcaya ko utpanna nahIM karAtI haiM aura kSayopazama ke hone para kisI vyakti ko saMkhyA kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai| zaMkA : jisa padArtha meM ekatva saMkhyA vidyamAna hai, usameM do tIna Adi saMkhyA kA rahanA kaise saMbhava hai ? kyoMki ekatva aura do tIna Adi meM paraspara virodha hai| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMkhyA kI pramANoM se pratIti ho rahI hai aura pratIti se prasiddha kA virodha nahIM hotA hai|||20|| pramANa se pratIta (nirNIta) vastu meM ekatva saMkhyA hai, aura dUsare, tIsare Adi padArthoM kI apekSA dvitva Adi saMkhyA bhI hai| ve dvitva Adi saMkhyAyeM anekastha hone se eka padArtha meM aneka saMkhyA ke rahane kA virodha nahIM hai| jaise vaizeSika mata meM eka samavAya aneka padArthoM meM rahatA hai|
Page #376
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 363 vastunyekatra dRSTasya parasparavirodhinaH / vRttidharmakalApasya nopAlaMbhAya kalpate // 21 // syAdvAdavidviSAmeva virodhapratipAdanAt / yathaikatvaM padArthasya tathA dvitvAdi vAMchatAm // 22 // ye khalu padArthasya yena rUpeNaikatvaM tenaiva dvitvAdi vAMchaMti teSAmeva syAdvAdavidviSAM virodhasya prtipaadnaat| "virodhAnnobhayaikAtmyaM syAdvAdanyAyavidviSAM" iti vacanAt na syAdvAdinAmekatvAdidharmakalApasya parasparaM pratipakSabhUtasya vRttirekatraikadA virudhyate tathA dRSTatvAt / tato nopAlaMbhaH prklpniiyH|| syAdvAdinAM kathaM na viruddhatA ubhayaikAtmyAvizeSAditi cet ;yenaikatvaM svarUpeNa tena dvitvAdi kthyte| naivAnaMtAtmano'rthasyetyastu kveyaM viruddhatA // 23 // dvitIyAdyanapekSeNa hi rUpeNArthasyaikatvaM tadapekSeNa dvitvAdikamiti dUrotsAritaiva viruddhatA'nayoH pratyakSa dRSTigocara hone vAle paraspara virodhI dharmoM ke samUha kA eka vastu meM rahane kA ulAhanA denA kalpita nahIM hai (arthAt syAdvAda siddhAnta meM eka meM paraspara virodhI dharma kaise rahate haiM-aisA ulAhanA nahIM de skte|) pratyut syAdvAda se dveSa rakhane vAle ke hI virodha kA pratipAdana (virodha AtA) hai kyoMki syAdvAda se dveSa rakhane vAle jisa prakAra se padArtha kA ekatva mAnate haiM usI prakAra se do tIna Adi saMkhyA kA sadbhAva mAnate haiM parantu syAdvAdiyoM ke siddhAnta meM bhinna-bhinna svabhAvoM se ekatva, dvitva Adi saMkhyAoM kI vRtti mAnI gaI hai, ataH syAdvAda meM virodha nahIM hai||21-22|| __jo prativAdI niyama se padArtha kA jisa svarUpa se ekatva mAnate haiM usI svarUpa se do, tIna Adi rUpa saMkhyA kI vAJchA karate haiM, unhIM syAdvAda se dveSa rakhane vAle vAdiyoM ke virodha doSa kahA jAtA hai| zrI samantabhadrAcArya ne devAgamastotra meM kahA hai ki "syAdvAda siddhAnta ke sAtha virodha rakhane vAle kAntavAdiyoM ke ekatva, anekatva, ubhayatva, nityatva, anityatva Adi kA eka padArtha meM rahane kA virodha hai," kintu syAdvAdiyoM ke siddhAntAnusAra paraspara pratipakSIbhUta ekatva Adi dharmoM ke samUha kI eka padArtha meM eka sAtha eka samaya meM vRtti honA viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra eka hI vastu meM eka samaya meM nitya, anitya, sat, asat , eka, aneka Adi aneka dharmoM kA AdhAra dRSTigocara ho rahA hai ataH syAdvAda siddhAnta meM virodha kA ulAhanA nahIM de skte| __zaMkA : syAdvAda siddhAnta meM paraspara virodhI do dharmoM kA eka padArtha meM rahanA virodhI kyoM nahIM hai ? kyoMki syAdvAda aura ekAnta siddhAnta meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| arthAt ubhaya (donoM hI) eka svarUpa haiN| samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM syAdvAda siddhAnta meM jisa svarUpa se ekatva hai, usa svarUpa se dvitva Adi kA kathana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| kyoMki ananta dharmAtmaka vastu meM anya dharmoM kI apekSA paraspara viruddha dharmoM ke rahane meM viruddhatA kaise A sakatI hai-arthAt nahIM A sakatI jaise eka hI vastu dravyArthika naya kI apekSA nitya hai aura paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA anitya hai, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai|||23|| dvitIya Adi kI apekSA nahIM karake kathana karane para padArthatva ke ekatvapanA hai aura dvitIya Adi
Page #377
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 364, svarUpabheda: punaranaMtAtmakatvAttasya tattvato vyavatiSThate kalpanAropitasya tasya nirAkaraNAt bhavaMzcaikatvAdInAmekatra sarvathApyasatAM virodha: syAtsatAM vaa| kiM caatH|| sarvathaivAsatAM nAsti virodhaH kUrmaromavat / satAmapi yathA dRSTasveSTatattvavizeSavat // 24 // na sarvathApyasatAM virodho nApi yathA dRSTasatAM / kiM tarhi, sahaikatrAdRSTAnAmiti cet kathamidAnImekatvAdInAmekatra sakRdupalabhyamAnAnAM virodha: siddhyet ? mUrtatvAdInAmeva tattvato bhednyaatttsiddheH| nanu ca yathaikasyArthasya sarvasaMkhyAtmakatvaM tathA sarvArthAtmakatvamastu tatkAraNatvAdanyathA tdyogaat|| kI apekSA karane para artha kI dvitva, tritva Adi saMkhyAyeM haiM ataH viruddhatA ko dUra bhagA diyA hai| yadyapi ekatva, anekatva, nitya, anityatva Adi meM apane svarUpa kI apekSA bheda hai tathApi ananta dharmAtmaka dharmI vastu ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha kI apekSA bheda nahIM hai| ata: ekatva ke sAtha dvitva Adi saMkhyA viruddha tathA kalpanA Aropita nahIM hai arthAt vAstavika rUpa se eka dharmI meM paraspara virodhI dharma rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| ekatva Adi dharmoM kA eka padArtha meM rahane kA virodha sat padArthoM kA virodha hai? yA asat padArthoM kA virodha hai ? aisI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM: kachue ke roma ke samAna sarvathA asat padArthoM kA virodha nahIM ho sktaa| tathA jaise dRSTigocara ho rahe haiM una satpadArthoM kA bhI paraspara virodha nahIM hai kyoMki apane-apane abhISTa tattvoM ke vizeSoM kA virodha kisI ne bhI nahIM mAnA hai||24|| ___sabhI prakAroM se asat padArthoM kA virodha nahIM hai aura jisa prakAra ve dRSTigocara ho rahe haiM una sat padArthoM kA virodha bhI nahIM hai| prazna : to phira virodha kisakA hai ? uttara : eka artha (padArtha) meM eka sAtha dRSTigocara nahIM hone vAle dharmoM kA virodha hai to eka dharmI me eka sAtha dRSTigocara hone vAlI ekatva, dvitva Adi saMkhyAoM kA virodha kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? ata: mUrtatva, amUrtatva, cetanatva, acetanatva Adi kA vAstava meM bhedanaya kI apekSA virodha siddha hotA hai vaha eka sthalapara nahIM dIkha rahA hai| zaMkA : jaise eka artha kA sampUrNa saMkhyAoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha siddha hai, usI prakAra eka artha kA sampUrNa arthoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha siddha honA cAhie kyoMki una paudgalika kAryoM ke kAraNa sabhI pudgala ho sakate haiN| anyathA (unake sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to) usake kAraNatva kA ayoga hotA hai arthAt tAdAtmya sambandha ke binA paraspara niyata kArya kAraNa bhAva ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| ___samAdhAna : isa prakAra zaMkAkAra ke kathanAnusAra sabhI pRthak-pRthak padArtha dUsare padArthoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka siddha ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra to atIva AkulatA bar3ha jAyegI arthAt sarva padArtha ekameka ho jaayeNge| kisI bhI vAdI ko aisI padArthoM kI saMkaratA iSTa nahIM hai|
Page #378
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 365 sarvaM sarvAtmakaM siddhyedevamityatisAkulam / sarvakAryodbhave sattvasyArthasyedRkSazaktitaH // 25 // bhavadapi hi sarvaM sarvakAryodbhave zaktaM sarvakAryodbhAvanazaktyAtmakaM sidhyedyathA sarvasaMkhyApratyayaviSaya bhUtaM sarvasaMkhyAtmakamiti zaktyAtmanA sarvaM sarvAtmakatvamiSTameva // vyaktyAtmanAnubhAvasya sarvAtmatvaM na yujyte| sAMkaryapratyayApatteravyavasthAnuSaMgataH // 26 // na hi sarvathA zaktivyaktyorabhedo yena vyaktyAtmanApi sarvasya sarvAtmakatve sAMkaryeNa pratyayasyApatterbhAvasyAvyavasthAnuSajyate kathaMcidbhedAt / paryAyArthato hi zaktervyaktirbhinnA tadapratyakSatvepi pratyakSAdabhedena tadaghaTanAt / nanu ca yathA pratyayaniyamAdvyaktayaH parasparaM na saMkIryate tathA zaktayopi tata eveti athavA, sampUrNa kAryoM ke utpanna karAne meM dravya dRSTi se sattva artha ke isa prakAra kI zakti mAnI gaI hai arthAt sattA saMgraha naya kI apekSA sattva sAmAnya se sarva jar3a cetana padArtha eka haiN||25|| sarva padArtha sarva kAryoM ko utpanna karane meM samartha haiM ata: sarva kArya udbhAvana zakti se tadAtmaka siddha haiM jaise ki sarva saMkhyA jJAnoM ke viSayabhUta padArtha sampUrNa saMkhyAoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka haiN| isa prakAra sampUrNa padArtha zakti rUpa se sarva ke sAtha tadAtmaka iSTa hI haiM arthAt sAmAnya sattAgrAhI naya kI apekSA sarva tadAtmaka haiM, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| zakti (dravya) dRSTi se sarva padArtha eka hote hue bhI vyaktisvarUpa (paryAya dRSTi) se padArthoM kA sarvAtmakapanA (ekatva) mAnanA yukta (susaMgata) nahIM hai kyoMki vyaktirUpa se sarva padArthoM kA paraspara ekatva mAna lene para sAMkarya ke jJAna hone kI Apatti hone ke kAraNa padArthoM kI avyavasthA hone kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt gorasa kI apekSA dUdha aura dahI meM ekatva hote hue bhI paryAya rUpa dUdha aura dahI meM ekatva nahIM hai| kyoMki svakIya paryAya kI apekSA donoM eka ho jAne para dUdha aura dahI kI vyavasthA kA abhAva ho jaayegaa||26|| . sarvathA vyakti aura zakti meM abheda nahIM hai| jisase zakti ke samAna vyakti Atmakatva ke sAtha bhI sarva padArthoM kA sarvAtmakatva ho jAne se sAMkaryajJAna (sarva padArthoM ke eka jJAna) hone kI Apatti (pratipatti) hotI hai arthAt sabhI padArthoM kA ekatva rUpa se jJAna hone kA aura sarva padArthoM kI niyata vyavasthA ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai, ataH zakti aura vyakti meM paraspara kathaMcit bheda hai aura kathaMcit abheda hai| paryAyArthika naMya kI apekSA zakti (dravya) se vyakti (paryAya) bhinna hai kyoMki una zaktiyoM ke apratyakSa hone para bhI vyaktiyoM ke dvArA pratyakSa honA pratIta hotA hai| sarvathA abheda yA bheda ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| sarvathA vyakti ke bheda hone para zakti kA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| zaMkA : jaise pratiniyata jJAna ke niyama se vyaktiyA~ paraspara ekameka nahIM hotI haiM usI prakAra zaktiyA~ bhI usI jJAna ke niyama se saMkIrNa (ekatva) nahIM hoNgii| ataH zakti rUpa se sarva padArtha sarvAtmaka
Page #379
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 366 kathaM zaktyAtmakaM sarvaM syaat| na hi dahanasya dahanayuktAvanumAnapratyaya: sa evodyAnazaktau yatsUtrapratyayapratiniyamo na bhavediti kazcit, sopyuktAnabhijJa eva / na hi vayaM zaktInAM saMkaraM brUmo vyaktInAmiva tAsAM kathaMcitparasparamasAMkaryAt / kiM tarhi, bhAvasyaikasya yAvaMti kAryANi kAlatrayepi sAkSAtpAraMparyeNa vA tAvatyaH zaktayaH saMbhAvyaMta ityabhidadhmahe pratyekaM sarvabhAvAnAM kathaMcidanukAryasya kasyacidabhAvAt / sarvaM kRtakamekAMtatastathA syAditicenna, sarvathA sarveNa srvsyopkaarytvaasiddheH| dravyArthataH kasyacitkenacidanupakaraNAt / na copakAryatvAnupakAryatvayorekatra virodhaH, saMvidi vedyavedakAkAravat pratyakSatarasvasaMvidvadyAkAravivekavadvA nirbAdhanAtpratyayAttathA siddheH / anyathA ksycittttvnisstthaanaasNbhvaat| nanvevaM sarvatra sarvasaMkhyayA saMpratyayAsattvAt (ekameka) kaise ho sakate haiM ? kyoMki agni kI dAha karane rUpa zakti meM jo anumAna jJAna utpanna hotA hai, vahI anumAna jJAna agni kI nissaraNa yA Urdhvajvalana zakti meM jJApaka nahIM hai jisase ki vahA~ jJAna ke hone kA pratiniyama nahIM hotA ho arthAt bhinna-bhinna zaktiyoM meM jaba bhinna-bhinna jJAna hotA hai to zakti rUpa se sarva zaktiyoM ko sarvAtmakapanA kyoM iSTa kiyA jAtA hai ? aisA koI kahatA hai ? samAdhAna : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAlA hamAre abhiprAya ko nahIM samajhatA hai kyoMki hama zaktiyoM kA bhI paraspara meM saMkara ho jAnA nahIM kahate haiN| vyaktiyoM ke samAna una zaktiyoM ke bhI paraspara meM kathaMcit asaMkara rUpa se paraspara bheda hai| prazna : jaina kyA mAnate haiM ? uttara : "eka padArtha ke tInoM kAla meM bhI avyavahita rUpa se yA paramparA se jitane bhI kArya ho cuke haiM yA ho rahe haiM athavA hoMge, utanI hI zaktiyA~ usa padArtha kI saMbhAvita hotI haiM" aisA hama mAnate haiN| pratyeka padArtha sampUrNa padArthoM kA kathaMcit anukaraNa karane yogya kArya hoya, aise kisI bhI padArtha kA sadbhAva nahIM mAnA hai arthAt sabhI kAryoM meM se koI bhI eka kArya (paryAya) sampUrNa bhAvoM (padArthoM) kA anukaraNa kare aisA jaina siddhAnta nahIM hai| ___ "aisA mAnane para to sampUrNa padArtha ekAnta rUpa se kRtaka hI ho jaaeNge"| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvathA sarva padArthoM ke dvArA sampUrNa padArthoM ke upakAratva kA ayoga hai| (upakAratva kI asiddhi hai|) kyoMki, anAdi ananta dravyArtha (dravyArtha naya) kI apekSA kisI kA kisI ke dvArA upakAra nahIM hotA hai| (dravya nitya aura akAraNa hai) paryAya dRSTi se upakAraka upakArya bhAva hai| eka padArtha meM upakAryatva aura anupakAryatva kA virodha nahIM hai jaise saugata ke dvArA svIkRta saMvedana meM vedyAkAra aura vedakAkAra donoM avirodha rUpa se rahate haiN| athavA, vedya vedaka AkAroM se rahita zuddha saMvedana jJAna meM svasaMvedana aMza pratyakSa rUpa mAnA hai ve aura vedya, vedaka, saMvitti Adi AkAroM ke pRthakpane ko parokSa rUpa mAnA hai| isI prakAra bAdhArahita jJAna se gocara upakArya anupakAryapane kI eka padArtha meM siddhi ho rahI hai| anyathA (yadi bAdhArahita jJAna se vastu kI vyavasthA nahIM mAnate haiM to) kisI bhI vAdI ke svakIya abhISTa tattvoM kA pratiSThita honA saMbhava nahIM hai|
Page #380
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 367 kathamekatvAdisaMkhyA sarvA sarvatra vyavatiSThate atiprasakteriti cenna, ekatraikapratyayavadvitIyAdyapekSayA dvitvAdipratyayAnAmanubhavAt / sakRtsarvasaMkhyAyAH pratyayo nAnubhUyate eveti cet, satyaM / kramAdabhivyaktiH kvacidvitvasaMkhyA hi dvitIyAbhivyaktA dvitvapratyayavijJeyA, tRtIyAdyapekSayA tu tritvAdisaMkhyAbhivyaktA tritvaadiprtyyvedyaa| tathAnabhivyaktAyAstasyAH tatpratyayAviSayatvAdasakRtsarvasaMkhyAsaMpratyayaH / nanu saMkhyAbhivyaktaH prAkkutastanI kuta: siddhA ? tadA tatpratyayasyAsaMbhavAt / tatsaMbhave vA kathaM nAbhivyaktA ? yadi punarasatI tadA kuto'bhivyaktistasyAH maMDUka zikhAvadityekAMtavAdinAmupAlaMbhaH na syAdvAdinAM sadasadekAMtAnabhyupagamAt / sA hi zaktirUpatayA prAkkutastanI parApekSAta: pazcAdabhivyaktyAnyathAnupapattyA siddhA prazna : isa prakAra sabhI padArthoM meM sampUrNa saMkhyAoM ke jJAna hone kA sadbhAva nahIM hai to phira ekatva, dvitva Adi sabhI saMkhyAyeM sabhI padArthoM meM kaise vyavasthita ho jAtI haiM ? yadi jJAna ke binA hI saMkhyAe~ siddha ho jAtI haiM to atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt pudgala Adi jar3a padArtha bhI jJAna svarUpa ho jaayeNge| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki eka hI padArtha meM ekatva jJAna ke samAna dvitIya Adi padArthoM kI apekSA se dvitva Adi saMkhyA kA bhI jJAna anubhava meM A rahA hai| prazna : eka sAtha sarva saMkhyAoM kA jJAna anubhava meM nahIM A rahA hai| - uttara : tumhArA yaha kahanA satya hai kyoMki yadyapi eka sAtha sarva saMkhyA nahIM hotI hai parantu krama se saMkhyAoM kI abhivyakti hotI hai| kisI eka padArtha meM kvacit dUsare padArtha se abhivyakta huI dvitvAdi saMkhyA dvitva jJAna ke dvArA jAnane yogya hai| tRtIyAdi padArthoM kI apekSA se abhivyakta huI tritva Adi saMkhyA tritvAdi jJAna ke dvArA jAnane yogya hai ata: anabhivyakta huI una saMkhyA kA una jJAna kA aviSaya hone se eka sAtha sampUrNa saMkhyA kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| prazna : saMkhyA kI abhivyakti pUrva kisa padArtha se kaunasI saMkhyA utpanna hotI hai (abhivyakta hotI hai)? yaha kisa pramANa se siddha hai? kyoMki abhivyakti ke pUrva kAla meM usa saMkhyA kA jJAna honA asaMbhava hai| yadi unake pUrva jJAna honA saMbhava hai, to vaha saMkhyA abhivyakta kaise nahIM hai? yadi usa samaya saMkhyA abhivyakta nahIM hai, to vaha saMkhyA padArtha meM kisa kAraNa se abhivyakta hotI hai| jaise sarvathA asat rUpA meMr3haka kI coTI kI abhivyakti nahIM ho sakatI hai| uttara : isa prakAra kA ulAhanA ekAntavAdiyoM ke prati lAgU ho sakatA hai| yaha ulAhanA anekAnta vAdiyoM ke prati nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki syAdvAdiyoM ne sarvathA sat aura asat ko ekAnta se svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| kyoMki vaha saMkhyA kisI-na-kisI hetu se zakti rUpa se pUrva meM vidyamAna hai anyathA saMkhyA ke pIche dUsaroM kI apekSA se abhivyakti nahIM ho sktii| vaha saMkhyA vyakti rUpa se pUrva meM vidyamAna nahIM thI
Page #381
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 368 vyaktirUpatayA tvasatI sAkSAtsvapratyayAviSayatvAditi dravyArthaprAdhAnyAdupeyate / paryAyArthaprAdhAnyAttu sApekSA kAryA tadbhAvabhAvAt / na hyasatyAmapekSAyAM dvitvAdisaMkhyotpadyata iti na bhAvasya vyaktasaMkhyApekSayA sarvasaMkhyAtmakatvaM yatastadvat sarvaM sarvAtmakatvaM ytstdvtprsjyte| tatprasaMga eva ca sarvatra sarvasaMkhyApratyayasya . yathAsaMbhavamanubhUyamAnasya bAdhakaH syAt tadabAdhitAcca saMkhyApratyayAt siddhA vAstavI sNkhyaa| tato nirbAdhanAdeva pratyayAttattvaniSThitau / saMkhyAsaMpratyayAtsatyA tAttvikIti vyavasthitam // 27 // yatra nirbAdhaH pratyayastattAttvikaM yathobhayaprasiddhaM vasturUpaM, nirbAdhapratyayazca saMkhyAyAmiti sA tAttvikI siddhaa|| sA naiva tattvato yeSAM teSAM dravyamasaMkhyakam / saMkhyAtotyantabhinnatvAdguNakarmAdivanna kim // 28 // kyoMki sAkSAt (avyavahita rUpa se) apane saMkhyA jJAna meM viSayabhUta nahIM huI thii| isa prakAra tInoM kAla meM anvita rahane vAle dravya rUpa artha kI pradhAnatA se saMkhyA ko nitya svIkAra karate haiN| alpa kAla rahane vAlI paryAyarUpa artha kI pradhAnatA se saMkhyA kAraNoM kI apekSA rakhane vAlI hone se kArya bhI hai| apekSA ke hone para (una do, tIna Adi padArthoM ke hone para) hI saMkhyA kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| apekSA ke nahIM hone para dvitva, tritva Adi saMkhyA kabhI bhI utpanna nahIM hotI hai ataH padArthoM kI vyakta huI saMkhyAoM kI apekSA se sampUrNa saMkhyAoM ke sAtha tadAtmakatA nahIM hai jisase ki usa zakti ke samAna vyakti rUpa se bhI padArthoM ke sarva svarUpa ho jAne kA prasaMga AvegA aura sampUrNa padArthoM meM yathAyogya saMbhava hokara asaMbhava kiye jAne vAle sampUrNa saMkhyAoM ke jJAna kA vaha prasaMga bAdhaka ho jAve arthAt sarva saMkhyAoM ke jJAna kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai ataH bAdhA rahita saMkhyA jJAna se (vAstavika saMkhyA jJAna se) vAstavika saMkhyA siddha ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra saugata ne dvitva Adi saMkhyA ko sarvathA anitya mAnA hai aura sAMkhya ne saMkhyA ko sarva prakAra nitya hI mAnA hai parantu jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra saMkhyA kathaMcit nitya aura kathaMcit anitya hai| bAdhA rahita pramANa jJAnoM ke dvArA yadi tattvoM kI vyavasthA honA mAnA jAtA hai to saMkhyA ke samIcIna jJAna se saMkhyA bhI vAstavika siddha hotI hai| isa prakAra saMkhyA dvArA tattvoM kA prarUpaNa karanA vyavasthita hai||27|| jisa viSaya meM nirbAdha pramANa hai, vaha padArtha vAstavika hai| jaise vAdI aura prativAdI donoM ke yahA~ prasiddha vastu svarUpa vAstavika hai| saMkhyA bhI nirbAdha pramANa se siddha hai-ataH vaha vAstavika hai aura vaha paramArthabhUta siddha hai|| jina vaizeSika Adi ke siddhAnta meM saMkhyA vAstavika nahIM hai, unake siddhAnta meM saMkhyA se atyanta bhinna hone ke kAraNa guNa, karma, sAmAnya Adi ke samAna dravya saMkhyA rahita kyoM nahIM hoMge? arthAt avazya hoNge||28||
Page #382
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 369 samavAyavazAdevaM vyapadezo na yujyte| tasyaikarUpatAbhISTe niyamAkAraNatvataH // 29 // saMkhyA tadvato bhinnaiva bhinnapratibhAsatvAt sahyaviMdhyavadityeke, teSAM dravyamasaMkhyaM syAt sNkhyaatotyNtbhinntvaadgunnaadivt| tatra saMkhyAsamavAyAtsasaMkhyameva taditi cet na, tadvazAdevaM vypdeshsyaayogaat| na samavAyaH saMkhyAvadrvyamiti vyapadezanimittaM niyamAkAraNatvAt / pratiniyamAkAraNaM samavAyaH sarvasamavAyisAdhAraNaikarUpatvAt sAmAnyAdimattu dravyamiti pratiniyatavyapadezanimittaM samavAya itypynenaapaastN| "samavAya ke vaza se (samavAya sambandha se) saMkhyA vAle dravya kA vyavahAra ho jAyegA"- aisA kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki vaizeSika ne usa samavAya ko ekasvarUpa abhISTa kiyA hai arthAt vaizeSikoM ne sarva jagadvyApI samavAya eka hI mAnA hai| "eka eva samavAyastattvaM bhAvena" aisA kaNAda kA sUtra hai isalie samavAya bhI aneka sthAnoM para niyamita vyavahAra kA kAraNa nahIM ho sakatA // 29 // . saMkhyA vAle dravyoM se saMkhyA guNa bhinna hI hai kyoMki saMkhyA aura saMkhyAvAna kA bhinna-bhinna pratibhAsa hotA hai, jaise sahyAcala aura vindhyAcala kA bhinna-bhinna pratibhAsa hone se ve donoM bhinna-bhinna haiN| aisA koI (vaizeSika) kahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM, aisA kahane vAloM ke guNAdika ke samAna saMkhyA se atyanta bhinna hone se dravya asaMkhyAta ho jaayeNge| saMkhyA ke samavAya sambandha se dravya saMkhyAta ho jAyeMge aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMkhyA ke "saMyoga se saMkhyAvAna hai" aisA vyapadeza nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt jisa prakAra bhinna jJAna se AtmA jJAnavAna nahIM hotA hai, tAdAtmya sambandha se jJAnavAna hai, usI prakAra saMkhyA ke sambandha se dravya saMkhyAvAna hai, aisA vyapadeza nahIM hotA hai-saMkhyA ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha se saMkhyAvAna kahalAtA hai| . tathA niyama kA kAraNa na hone se samavAya sambandha "saMkhyAvAna dravya hai" isa vyapadeza kA nimitta nahIM ho sakatA hai, isI ko anumAna dvArA siddha karate haiM-samavAya sambandha padArthoM ke saMyoga karAne meM pratiniyamita kAraNa nahIM hai arthAt jJAna kA saMyoga AtmA ke sAtha karAnA aura rUpa, rasa Adi kA pudgala ke sAtha sambandha karAnA, yaha samavAya kA niyama nahIM hai kyoMki samavAya sarva dravyoM meM sAdhAraNa rUpa se eka hI hai| bhAvArtha : jo eka rUpa hotA hai vaha bhinna-bhinna adhikaraNoM meM saMyoga karAne kA niyAmaka nahIM hotA hai| "sAmAnya (jAti), guNa, karma Adi sahita jIvAdi dravyoM meM 'dravyaM' yaha dravya hai, isa prakAra pratiniyata vyapadeza (vyavahAra) kA kAraNa samavAya hai" isa prakAra kA vaizeSika kA kathana bhI ukta kathana se khaNDita ho jAtA hai|
Page #383
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 370 kenacidaMzena kvacinniyamahetuH samavAya iti cena, tasya sAvayavatvaprasakteH svasiddhAntavirodhAt / niraMza eva samavAyastathA zaktivizeSAnniyamaheturityayuktaM, anumAnavirodhAt / / samavAyo na saMkhyAdi tadvatAM ghaTane prabhuH / niraMzatvAdyathaivaikaH paramANuH sakRttava // 30 // na hi niraMzaH sakRdekaH paramANuH saMkhyAdi bhavatAM parasparamiSTavyapadezanaghaTane samarthaH siddhaH tadvatsamavAyopi vizeSAbhAvAt / zaktivizeSayogAt samavAyastatra parivRDha iti cet , paramANustathAstu / sarvagatatvAtsa tatra samartha iti cenna, niraMzasya tadayogAt paramANuvat / nanu niraMzopi samavAyo yadA yatra yayoH "sarvatra vyApaka samavAya bhI kisI vivakSita eka aMza ke kAraNa kisI vastu meM niyama karane kA nimitta ho jAtA hai"-aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA kahane para samavAya ke avayava sahita hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| tathA samavAya ko avayava vA aMza sahita mAnanA vaizeSika siddhAnta ke viruddha hai ata: aisA mAnanA svasiddhAnta viruddha hai| ___ "niraMza samavAya bhI usa prakAra kI zakti vizeSa se "saMkhyAvAna, jJAnavAna' Adi vyavahAroM ke niyama karane kA hetu bana jAtA hai" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai (ayukta hai) kyoMki yaha kathana anumAna ke viruddha hai| arthAt anumAna pramANa se bAdhita hai| samavAya saMkhyAdi aura saMkhyAvAnAdi padArthoM meM sambandha karAne ke lie samartha nahIM hai-kyoMki samavAya niraMza hai| jaise tere (vaizeSika) mata meM niraMza eka paramANu saMkhyAdi aura saMkhyAvAna Adi padArthoM meM ekabAra sammelana karAne meM samartha nahIM hai||30|| niraMza eka paramANu eka hI samaya meM saMkhyAdi aura saMkhyAvAna Adi meM paraspara iSTa sambandha karAne meM samartha nahIM hai arthAt jaise hAtha eka hai, aMgulI pA~ca haiM isa prakAra ke abhISTa vyavahAra ko karAne ke lie niraMza paramANu samartha nahIM hai| usI prakAra niraMza samavAya bhI saMkhyA, saMkhyAvAna, jJAna, jJAnavAna, Adi abhISTa vyavahAra ko karAne meM samartha nahIM hai kyoMki niraMza kI apekSA paramANu meM aura samavAya meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| yadi vaizeSika kahe ki eka hI niraMza samavAya svakIya zakti vizeSa ke saMyoga se niyata guNa-guNI kA sambandha karAne meM dRr3ha (samartha) hai to phira niraMza paramANu bhI guNa, guNI, paryAya, paryAyI ke sambandha karAne meM samartha ho jaayegaa| "samavAya sarvagata hai isalie sarva guNa-guNiyoM kA sambandha karA detA hai"-aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| "kyoMki paramANu ke samAna niraMza samavAya ke sarvavyApI hone kA ayoga hai| niraMza padArtha sAre jagat meM vyApta hokara nahIM raha skte| prazna : niraMza samavAya bhI jisa samaya jisa deza meM jina samavAyiyoM kA vizeSaNa hotA hai, usa kAla meM usa sthAna para una samavAya, samavAyiyoM ke pratiniyata vyavahAra kA kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| samavAya aura abhAva kA tadvAna (abhAvavAna aura samavAyavAna) ke sAtha vizeSaNa vizeSyabhAva sambandha hai ataH pratiniyAmaka vizeSaNa vizeSya bhAva sambandha se samavAya sambandha svayaM usa saMyoga kA pratiniyata hai|
Page #384
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 371 samavAyinovizeSaNaM tadA tatra tayoH pratiniyatavyapadezaheturvizeSaNavizeSyabhAvAt pratiniyAmakAt svayaM tasya pratiniyatatvAditi cena, asiddhtvaat|| yugapanna vizeSyaMte tenaiva samavAyinaH / bhinnadezAdivRttitvAdanyathAtiprasaMgataH // 31 // na khAdibhiranekAMtasteSAM saaNshtvnishcyaat| niraMzatve pramAbhAvAdvyApitvasya virodhtH|| 32 // vizeSaNavizeSyatvaM saMbaMdhaH samavAyibhiH / samavAyasya siddhyeta dvau vaH pratiniyAmakaH // 33 // na hi bhedaikAMte samavAyasamavAyinAM vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvaH pratiniyata: saMbhavati yataH samavAyasya kvaciniyamahetutve pratiniyAmakaH syaat|| uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki yaha kathana asiddha hai arthAt samavAya aura samavAyiyoM kA vizeSya vizeSaNa bhAva sambandha bhI anavasthA hone ke kAraNa siddha nahIM ho sakatA, ataH anumAna kA pratiniyata hetu pakSa meM nahIM rahane se asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai| eka vizeSya vizeSaNa bhAva sambandha ke dvArA samavAya vAle aneka padArtha eka samaya meM eka sAtha viziSTa nahIM kiye jA sakate haiM kyoMki padArtha bhinna-bhinna kAla-kSetra meM avasthita haiN| anyathA (yadi eka hI vizeSya vizeSaNa bhAva se aneka bhinna kSetra-kAla vAle padArthoM kA guNa, karma, saMkhyA Adi se sahita honA mAna liyA jAyegA to) atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai arthAt jisa kisI ke sAtha paraspara sambandha ho jaayegaa||31|| "AkAza, deza, dizA Adi ke sAtha bhI anekAnta hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai arthAt AkAza, dizA Adi eka hote hue bhI aneka ke sAtha sambandha rakhate haiM ata: jo eka hotA hai vaha aneka ke sAtha sambandha nahIM rakhatA yaha hetu vyabhicAra hI hai kyoMki AkAza eka hote hue bhI bahutoM ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai" aisA bhI nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki AkAza, dizA Adi ke bhI sAMzatva (aMza sahitapanA) nizcita hai| .. AkAza Adi ko niraMza mAnane para pramA (pramiti) kA abhAva hone se AkAza Adi ke vyApitva kA virodha AtA hai arthAt niraMza AkAza sAre jagat meM vyApaka nahIM ho sktaa| jo sAMza hotA hai vahI aneka dezoM meM vyApaka ho sakatA hai, niraMza eka pradeza meM hI rahatA hai| eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza meM sthita hone para sAMzatA siddha ho jAtI hai||32|| tumhArA (vaizeSikoM kA) samavAyiyoM ke sAtha samavAya kA vizeSya vizeSaNa sambandha pratiniyAmaka siddha ho sakatA hai ? arthAt vizeSya aura vizeSaNa donoM hI siddha nahIM ho sakate ? // 33 // . samavAya aura samavAyiyoM ke ekAnta se bheda mAna lene para vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva sambandha bhI pratiniyata nahIM saMbhavatA hai| jisase ki kahIM para bhI samavAya kA niyama karAne ke hetupana kI vyavasthA karane meM niyAmaka hotaa| . bhAvArtha : sarvathA bhinna vizeSya-vizeSaNa sambandha ke dvArA pRthak sthita samavAya kI niyata vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI aura sarvathA nyAre samavAya dvArA AtmA, saMkhyA saMkhyAvAna Adi ke saMyojana kI niyati nahIM bana sakatI hai|
Page #385
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 372 sannapyayaM tatastAvannAbhinnaH svamatakSateH / bhinnazcetsa svasaMbaMdhisaMbaMdhonyosya kalpanAt // 34 // sopi tadbhinnarUpazcedanavasthopavarNitA / tAdAtmyapariNAmasya samavAyasya tu sthitiH // 35 // sudUramapi gatvA vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvasya svasaMbaMdhibhyAM kathaMcidananyatvopagame samavAyasya svasamavAyibhyAmanyatvasiddheH siddhaH kathaMcittAdAtmyapariNAmaH samavAya iti saMkhyA tadvataH kthNcidnyaa|| gaNanAmAtrarUpeyaM saMkhyoktAtaH kathaMcana / bhinnA vidhAnato bhedagaNanAlakSaNAdiha // 36 // . nirdezAdisUtre vidhAnasya vacanAdiha saMkhyopadezo na yuktaH punaruktatvAdvidhAnasya saMkhyArUpatvAditi na codyaM, tasya tataH kathaMcidbhedaprasiddheH / saMkhyA hi gaNanAmAtrarUpA vyApinI, vidhAnaM tu prakAragaNanArUpaM tataH prativiziSTameveti yukta: saMkhyopadezastattvArthAdhigame hetuH|| ___ sat rUpa vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva apane sambandhiyoM se abhinna hai, aisA to kaha nahIM sakate-kyoMki aisA mAnane para svamata (vaizeSika mata) kI kSati hotI hai kyoMki vaizeSika sambandha aura sambandhI meM sarvathA bheda hI mAnatA hai, yadi samavAya sambandhiyoM se vizeSya-vizeSaNa bhAva sambandha sarvathA bhinna svIkAra karate haiM to una vizeSya-vizeSaNa bhAva sambandha kA apane sambandhiyoM ke sAtha sambandha karAne vAle dUsare sambandha kI kalpanA karanI par3egI aura vaha sambandha apane sambandhiyoM se bhinna hogaa| usakA sambandha karAne ke lie dUsare sambandha kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| isalie anavasthA doSa aayegaa| jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra guNaguNI meM saMkhyA aura saMkhyAvAna Adi meM tAdAtmya pariNAma samavAya kI sthiti hai arthAt guNa guNI, saMkhyA aura saMkhyAvAna meM kathaMcit bheda hai aura kathaMcit abheda hai, yahI kathana nirdoSa hai||34-35|| bahuta dUra jAkara bhI vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva kA sva sambandhiyoM ke sAtha kathaJcit abheda svIkAra karate haiM taba to samavAya kA apane AdhArabhUta samavAyiyoM ke sAtha kathaMcit bhinnatva (bhedapanA) siddha ho jAtA hai ata: sambandhiyoM kA kathaMcit tadAtmakatva se pariNamana honA hI samavAya hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra saMkhyA bhI saMkhyA viziSTa padArthoM se kathaJcit bhinna hai aura kathaMcit abhinna hai|| arthAt kathaMcit bheda hone se "saMkhyAvAna dravya kI saMkhyA hai" yaha bheda nirdeza siddha hotA hai aura kathaMcit abheda hone se saMkhyAvAna dravyoM kI vizeSa pariNati saMkhyA hai, yaha siddha hotA hai| "satsaMkhyA" isa sUtra meM saMkhyA kA artha kevala gaNanA karanA mAtra hai ata: bhedoM kI gaNanA karanA hai lakSaNa jisakA aise vidhAna se saMkhyA kathaJcit bhinna hai||36|| koI kahatA hai ki "nirdeza, svAmitva Adi sUtra meM bheda gaNanA rUpa vidhAna kA kathana ho cukA hai, ataH puna: isa sUtra meM saMkhyA kA upadeza karanA punarukta doSa hone ke kAraNa yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki vidhAna saMkhyArUpatva hI hai" jainAcArya kahate haiM-aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki saMkhyA aura vidhAna meM kathaMcit bheda kI prasiddhi hai| saMkhyA gaNanA mAtra rUpa hone se vyApinI (vyApaka) hai| parantu vidhAna prakAroM kI ginatI svarUpa prati viziSTa hai ata: vyApya hai| bhAvArtha : saMkhyA sarvatra rahatI hai ata: vyApaka hai aura katipaya niyata bhedoM kI gaNanA karane vAlA vidhAna kucha viziSTa padArthoM meM rahatA hai ata: vyApya hai|
Page #386
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 373 nA nivAsalakSaNaM kSetraM padArthAnAM na vAstavam / svasvabhAvavyavasthAnAdityeke tadapezalam // 37 // rAjJaH sati kurukSetre tannivAsasya darzanAt / tasminnasati cAdRSTe vAstavavasyAprabAdhanAt // 38 // nanvevaM rAjJaH kurukSetraM kAraNameva tatra nivasanasvabhAvasya tasya tena janyamAnatvAditi cet kimaniSTa, kAraNavizeSasya kSetratvopagamAt kAraNamAtrasya kssetrtvetiprsNgH|| pramANagocarasyAsya nAvastutvaM svatattvavat / nAnumAgocarasyApi vastutvaM na vyavasthitam // 39 // na vAstavaM kSetramApekSikatvAt sthaulyAdivadityayuktaM, tasya pramANagocaratvAt svatattvavat / na hyApekSikamapramANagocaraH sukhanIletarAdeH pramANaviSayatvasiddheH / saMvinmAtravAdinastasyApi tadaviSayatvamiti // saMkhyA aura vidhAna meM vyApaka vyApya bheda hai ataH vidhAna se atirikta saMkhyA kA upadeza denA yuktisaMgata hai aura vaha. tattvArthoM ke vizada rUpa se jJAna karAne meM nimitta kAraNa hai| yahA~ taka saMkhyA kA vyAkhyAna kara diyA gayA hai| aba kSetra kA prarUpaNa karate haiN| padArthoM kA nivAsa lakSaNa kSetra vAstavika nahIM hai kyoMki sampUrNa padArtha svakIya-svakIya svarUpa meM vyavasthita rahate haiN| aisA koI (saugata matAnuyAyI) kahate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI apezala (sundara nahIM) hai||37|| vAstavika kurukSetra ke hone para hI yahA~ nivAsa karane vAle rAjA kA darzana hotA hai| tathA kurukSetra ke nahIM hone para rAjA kA nivAsa nahIM dekhA jAtA hai ata: vAstavika kSetra kisI pramANa se bAdhita nahIM hai||38|| ... prazna : isa prakAra kurukSetra rAjA kA hI kAraNa hai kyoMki vahA~ kurukSetra meM usa rAjA ke nivasana svabhAva kA janyamAnatva hai arthAt kurukSetra meM usa rAjA ke nivAsa karanA rUpa svabhAva kI kSetra rUpa se utpatti hotI hai ataH rAjA ke kSetra meM A jAne para kSetra sthiti rAjA kI pariNati kA utpAdaka kAraNa hai| kAraNa se atirikta kSetra koI vastubhUta nahIM hai| ____uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha kathana hamako (jainoM ko) aniSTa kyoM hai ? arthAt aniSTa nahIM hai kyoMki kAraNa vizeSa ko hamane kSetrarUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| kAraNa mAtra ko kSetra mAnane meM ati prasaMga doSa AtA hai ataH kathaJcit kAraNa vizeSa ko kSetra kahanA hameM (jainAcAryoM ko) abhISTa hI hai| svatattva ke samAna pramANa gocara (samIcIna jJAna kA viSayabhUta) yaha kSetra avastu nahIM hai| tathA anumAna gocara (anumAna pramANa kA viSaya) hone se isa kSetra ke vastutva vyavasthita nahIM hai (kalpita hai) aisA bhI nahIM kaha sakate // 39 // "ApekSikatva (kSetra kI apekSA kalpita) hone se nivAsasthAna rUpa kSetra vAstavika nahIM hai| jaise sthUlatva (sthUlapanA), choTApanA Adi kalpita hone se vAstavika nahIM haiN|" aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki pramANa kA viSaya hone se kSetra pAramArthika hai| jaise samIcIna jJAna kA viSaya hone se svakIya abhISTa tattva vAstavika hai|
Page #387
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 374 cenna tasyA nirastatvAt / nanu ca kSetratvaM kasya pramANasya viSayaH syAt ? na tAvatpratyakSasya tatra tasyAnavabhAsanAt / na hi pratyakSabhUbhAgamAtrapratibhAsamAne kAraNavizeSarUpe kSetratvamAbhAsate kAryadarzanAttvanumIyamAnaM kathaM vAstavamanumAnasyAvastuviSayatvAditi kazcit, sopyyuktvaadii| vastuviSayatvAdanumiteranyathA pramANatAnupapatteriti vkssymaanntvaat|| nanu nirdezAdisUtredhikaraNavacanAdiha kSetrasya vacanaM punaruktaM tayorekatvAditi zaMkAmapanudannAha; "tathA apekSAkRta mAne gae padArtha pramANa ke viSaya nahIM haiM" aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki apekSA se hone vAlA sukha, usase adhika sukha, nIla, nIlatara (adhika nIlA raMga), nIlatama (usase bhI adhika nIlA) Adi ke pramANa ke viSaya hone kI siddhi hai| "zuddha saMvedana ko mAnane vAle saugata ke sukha sukhatara, nIla nIlatara Adi ApekSika vastu jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai" aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki grAhya grAhaka bhAva Adi se rahita zuddha saMvedana advaita kA pUrva meM khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai| __ arthAt jo ApekSika hotA hai vaha jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hotA hai-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki "nIla hai, yaha adhika nIla hai"- ityAdi ApekSika nIla Adi padArtha pramANa ke viSaya hote hI haiN| prazna : kSetra kisa pramANa kA viSaya hai ? kSetra pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki usa pratyakSa (indriya pratyakSa) jJAna meM kSetra kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA sAmAnya bhU (pRthvI) bhAga kA pratibhAsa ho jAne para bhI vizeSa kAraNa rUpa kSetra kA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| bhAvArtha : jaise sAmAnya do puruSoM ko dekhane para kauna guru hai aura kauna ziSya hai ? aisA vibhAga pratyakSa jJAna nahIM kara sakatA, usI prakAra sAmAnya pRthvI ke dRSTigocara hone para bhI pratyakSa jJAna kAraNa vizeSakSetra kA jJAna nahIM kara sktaa| yadyapi nivAsasthAna rUpa kArya ke dRSTigocara hone se kAraNa svarUpa kSetra anumAna jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai parantu anumAna jJAna kA viSaya avastu hai, kalpita hai ata: anumAna jJAna kA viSayabhUta kSetra vAstavika kaise ho sakatA hai, aisI kisI (bauddha) kI zaMkA hai| arthAt bauddha kahatA hai ki kSetra anumAna jJAna kA viSaya hone se vAstavika nahIM hai| uttara : jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAlA bauddha yuktivAdI nahIM hai kyoMki anumAna pramANa vAstavika artha ko viSaya karatA hai| anyathA (yadi anumAna jJAna vAstavika artha ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai to) anumAna jJAna prAmANika nahIM ho sktaa| isakA kathana Age jJAna kA varNana karate samaya kreNge| nirdezAdi sUtra meM adhikaraNa kA kathana hai| usa adhikaraNa ke kathana se kSetra kA kathana ho hI jAtA hai, punaH kSetra kA kathana karanA punarukta doSa se yukta hai kyoMki kSetra aura adhikaraNa ina donoM meM ekatva hai, isa prakAra kI zaMkA ko dUra karate hue AcAya kahate haiM:
Page #388
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 375 sAmIpyAdiparityAgAdvyApakasya parigrahAt / zarIre jIva ityadhikaraNaM kSetramanyathA // 40 // ___ zarIre jIva ityadhikaraNaM vyApakAdhArarUpamuktaM, sAmIpyAdyAtmakAdhArarUpaM tu kSetramihocyate tatonyathaiveti na punaruktatA kSetrAnuyogasya // trikAlaviSayArthopazleSaNaM sparzanaM matam / kSetrAdanyatvabhAgavartamAnArthazleSalakSaNAt // 41 // trikAlaviSayopazleSaNaM sparzanaM, vartamAnArthopazleSaNAt kSetrAdanyadeva kathaMcidavaseyaM / sarvasyArthasya vartamAnarUpatvAtsparzanamasadeveti cenna, tasya dravyato'nAdiparyaMtarUpatvena trikaalvissyopptteH| nanvidamayuktaM vartate vastu trikAlaviSayarUpamanAdyanaMtaM ceti / taddhi yadyatItarUpaM kathamanaMtaM ? virodhAt / tathA yadyanAgataM kathamanAdi ? tato na trikaalvrtiiti|| yaha samIpa hai, yaha dUra hai, yaha dUratara hai ityAdika kA parityAga karane se aura kevala vyApaka AdhAra ko grahaNa karake jo kathana kiyA jAtA hai vaha adhikaraNa hai jaise isa zarIra meM jIva hai, ityAdi kathana adhikaraNa rUpa hai| usase anyathA (samIpatA, dUratA Adi se kathana karanA) kSetra hai| arthAt samIpa Adi ke sambandha se kSetra kI vyavasthA hotI hai|||40|| zarIra meM jIva hai, grAma meM vRkSa hai, ityAdi vyApaka AdhArAtmaka adhikaraNa hotA hai aura samIpatA, antarAla, dUra ityAdi paraka AdhAra rUpa kSetra kahalAtA hai| ata: adhikaraNa se kSetra bhinna hai; anya prakAra kA hai| ata: 'satsaMkhyA' ityAdi sUtra meM kSetrAnuyoga kI prarUpaNA punarukta nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : adhikaraNa se kSetra vizeSa adhika hai, vizAla hai| adhikaraNa meM kevala Adheya hI rahatA hai parantu kSetra meM Adheya se bhinna padArtha bhI rahate haiN| jaise samyagdarzana kA bAhya adhikaraNa trasa nAlI hai, aura aMtaraMga kSetra AtmA hai| parantu trasa nAlI rUpa kSetra meM samyagdRSTi ke atirikta anya padArtha bhI raha sakate haiN| kSetra meM samIpatA Adi kA kathana hai; adhikaraNa meM kevala AdhAra kA hI kathana hai| ___ bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna rUpa tInoM kAloM meM padArthoM kA AdheyarUpa se saMsarga rakhane vAlA sparza kahA jAtA hai jo vartamAna kAla meM padArthoM kA saMsarga rakhane vAle kSetra se anyatva bhAga (bhinnatva dhAraNa karane vAlA) hai||41|| ___vartamAnakAlIna padArthoM ke saMsarga rakhane vAle kSetra se trikAla saMsarga rakhane vAlA sparza kathaMcit anya (bhinna) hI hai aisA samajhanA caahie| "sAre padArthoM kA vartamAna svarUpa hI hai arthAt sampUrNa padArtha eka kSaNa rahakara naSTa ho jAte haiMata: sparzana kA kathana karanA asat svarUpa hai| ve tInoM kAla meM raha nahIM sakate ?"-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki sampUrNa padArthoM ke dravyArthika naya kI apekSA se anAdi kAla paryanta anvita rahane se trikAla viSaya (trikAla meM rahanA) siddha ho jAtA hai| prazna : vastu trikAlagocara anAdi ananta svarUpa hai, aisA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki jo ananta rUpa hai vaha atIta kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt jo ananta rUpa hai usakA anta kaise ho sakatA hai?
Page #389
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 376 dravyato'nAdiparyaMte siddhe vstunybaadhite| sparzanasya pratikSepastrikAlasya na yujyate // 42 // na hi yenAtmanAtItamanAgataM vA tenAnaMtamanAdi vA vastu brUmahe, yato virodha: syAt / nApi sa tadAtmA vastuno bhinna eva, yena tasyAtItatve'nAgatatve ca vastuno'naMtatvamanAditvaM ca kathaMcinna sidhyet / tato'nAdyanaMtavastunaH kathaMcitrikAlaviSayatvaM na pratikSepArhamaviruddhatvAditi zleSAMzastallakSaNa: sprshnopdeshH| sthitimatsu padArtheSu yovadhiM darzayatyasau / kAlaH pracakSyate mukhyastadanyaH svasthiteH paraH // 43 // na hi sthitireva pracakSyamANaH kAlaH sthitimatsu padArtheSvavadhidarzanahetuH kAlatvAt sthAnakriyaiva vyavahArakAlo nAto'nyo mukhya iti cena, tadabhAve tdnupptteH|| tathAhi;na kriyAmAtrakaM kAlo vyavahAraprayojanaH / mukhyakAlAdRte siddhyedvartanAlakSaNAtkvacit // 44 // kyoMki inameM paraspara virodha hai aura jo anAdi hai vaha anAgata kaise ho sakatA hai ? ata: vastu trikAlavartI kaise ho sakatI hai ? uttara : dravyArthika naya kI apekSA abAdhita rUpa se anAdi ananta paryanta rahane vAlI vastu siddha ho jAne para trikAlavartI sparzana kA khaNDana karanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai||42|| "jisa pariNAma se vastu atIta aura anAgata hai, usI rUpa se vastu anAdi, ananta hai" aisA syAdvAdI nahIM mAnate haiM jisase ki virodha AtA hai tathA atIta anAgata pariNAmoM se vastu sarvathA bhinna hai aisA bhI nahIM hai jisase ki una pariNAmoM ko atItapanA aura bhaviSyapanA hone se vastu ko kathaMcit anantapanA aura kathaMcit anAdipanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| isalie anAdi kAla se ananta kAla taka sthita vastu kA kisI apekSA tIna kAla gocara vastu kA khaNDana karanA yogya nahIM hai ata: trikAla vastu ke rahane meM koI virodha nahIM hai| isa prakAra tInoM kAla meM zleSa hone rUpa aMza se usa vastu kI siddhi hotI hai| yahA~ taka sparzana kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| aba kAla kA varNana karate haiN| jo trikAla rahane vAle padArthoM meM rahane vAlI avadhi ko dikhAtA hai, vaha kAla kahA jAtA hai| padArthoM kI svakIya-svakIya sthiti se yahA~ satsaMkhyA se avasthita kAla mukhya kAla hai aura vaha vyavahAra kAla se bhinna hai|||43|| kucha kAla taka sthita rahane rUpa vyAkhyAna kiyA jAne vAlA kAla padArtha nahIM hai kyoMki sthiti vAle padArthoM meM maryAdA ko dikhAne vAle kAraNa meM kAlapanA vyavasthita hai arthAt padArthoM ke kucha samaya taka rahane ko sthiti kahate haiM aura sthitimAna padArtha ke eka samaya, varSa Adi ke parimANa ko kAla kahate haiN| "vastu ke sthAna kriyA ko vyavahAra kAla kahate haiM, isa vyavahAra kAla se bhinna koI mukhya kAla nahIM hai?-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki mukhya kAla ke abhAva meM vyavahAra kAla utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| so hI kahate haiM-vyavahAra kA prayojaka kriyA mAtra (samaya, ghar3I, ghaNTA Adi kAla) kAla vartanA lakSaNa mukhya kAla ke binA kahIM para bhI siddha nahIM ho sakatA // 44 //
Page #390
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 377 na hi vyAvahArikopi kAla: kriyAmAtraM samakAlasthitiriti kAlavizeSaNAyAH sthiterbhaavprsNgaat| paramaH sUkSmaH kAlo hi samayaH sakalatAdRzakriyAvizeSaNatAmAtmasAt kurvaMstato'nya eva vyavahArakAlasyAvalikAdermUlamunnIyate / sa ca mukhyakAlaM vartanAlakSaNamAkSipati tasmAdRte kvacittadaghaTanAt / na hi kiMcidgauNaM mukhyAdRte dRSTaM yenAtastasyAsAdhanaM // paratvamaparatvaM ca samadignatayoH stoH| samAnaguNayoH siddhaM tAdRkkAlanibaMdhanaM // 45 // parAparAdikAlasya tattvahetvaMtarAnna hi / yato'navasthitistatrApyanyahetuprakalpanAt // 46 // svatastattvatathAtve ca sarvArthAnAM na tadbhavet / vyAptyasiddhermanISAderamUrtatvAdidharmavat // 47 // yathApratItibhAvAnAM svabhAvasya vyavasthitau / kAle parAparAditvaM svatostvanyatra tatkRtam // 48 // vyavahAra rUpa prayojana siddha karane vAlA kAla kevala kriyA mAtra nahIM hai kyoMki ina padArthoM kI samAna kAla meM sthiti hai, isa prakAra kAla hai vizeSaNa jisakA aisI sthiti ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| - parama sUkSma kAla samaya kahalAtA hai| sampUrNa kriyAoM ke vizeSaNoM ko AtmasAt (apane AdhIna) karatA huA usase pRthak (anya) hI vyavahAra kAla kA mUla Avali, muhUrta, divasa Adi se jAnA jAtA hai| vaha vyavahAra kAla vartanA lakSaNa mukhya kAla kA AkSepa (anumAna) kara letA hai| kyoMki vartanA lakSaNa mukhya kAla ke binA vyavahAra kAla ghaTita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki mukhya ke hone para (mukhya siMha ke hone para) hI gauNa(bacce meM siMha) kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai mukhya ke abhAva meM gauNa kI kalpanA nahIM hotI hai| jisase ki isa vyavahAra kAla se usa mukhya kAla kA sAdhana nahIM kiyA jA ske| samAna dizA meM prApta aura samAna guNa vAle satsvarUpa padArtha ke vyavahAra kAla ko kAraNa mAnakara paratva (bar3A), aparatva (choTA) kA vyavahAra siddha hotA hai| vaha paratva, aparatva dizAkRta vA guNakRta nahIM hai apitu kAlakRta paratva aparatva hai| kAla meM sthita paratva aura aparatva dUsare hetvantara se prApta nahIM hotA hai jisase usameM anya hetu kI kalpanA karane se anavasthA doSa AtA ho // 45-46 // "jisa prakAra dIpaka sva-para prakAzaka hai usI prakAra jyeSTha kaniSTha, paratva, aparatva vyavahAra kAla se hote haiM, parantu kAla kA parivartana svataH hotA hai tathA kAla kA paratva aparatva bhI svataH hotA hai| kAla ke samAna sabhI padArthoM kA paratva, aparatva svataH nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki koI aisI vyApti siddha nhiiN| jaise ki vicAra zAlinI buddhi, udAratA Adi ke amUrttatva Adi dharma haiM ve dharma ghaTa, paTa Adi ke nahIM ho sakate haiN| svapara donoM kI jJapti karanA jJAna kA svabhAva hai vaha ghaTa kA svabhAva nahIM ho sktaa| jisa prakAra pramANoM se siddha padArthoM ke svabhAvoM kI vyavasthA hai usI prakAra vyavahAra kAla meM paratva aparatva pariNAma svataH haiN| anya padArthoM ke parivartana kA nimitta kAraNa kAla kRta hai" aisA samajhanA caahie||47-48||
Page #391
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 378 kvAnyathA vyavatiSThate dharmAdharmanabhAMsyapi / gatyAdihetutApatterjIvapudgalayoH svtH|| 49 // zarIravAGmanaHprANApAnAdInapi pudgalAH / prANinAmupakuryurna svatasteSAM hi dehinaH // 50 // jIvA vA cetanA na syuH kAyAH saMtu svkaastthaa| niMbAdirmadhurastikto guDAdiH kaalvidvissaam||51|| ekatrArthe hi dRSTasya svabhAvasya kutazcana / kalpanA tadvijAtIye sveSTatattvavighAtinI // 52 // tasmAjjIvAdibhAvAnAM svato vRttimatAM sdaa| kAla: sAdhAraNo heturvartanAlakSaNaH svtH|| 53 // na hi jIvAdInAM vRttirasAdhAraNAdeva kAraNAditi yuktaM, sAdhAraNakAraNAdvinA kasyacitkAryasyAsaMbhavAt anyathA (yadi prAmANika pratIti ke anusAra svabhAvoM kI vyavasthA nahIM mAnI jAyegI to) dharma,adharma aura AkAza dravya ke bhI jIva, pudgala ke gati, sthiti meM udAsIna kAraNatva, avagAhanatva kI vyavasthA kaise ho sakatI hai| jIva aura pudgala kI gati, sthiti, avagAhana ke kAraNa kA prasaMga svayameva jIva aura pudgala ko prApta ho jAegA / / 49 / / jaise ki AkAza svayaM apanA avagAha kara letA hai| tathA pudgala dravya bhI prANiyoM ke zarIra vacana mana, prANa, apAna (zvAsocchvAsa) sukha, duHkha, Adi upakAroM ko nahIM kara skeNge| tathA zarIradhArI prANI bhI svataH una pudgaloM kA prakSAlana, mArjana Adi dvArA niyama se upakAra nahIM kara skeNge| svataH apanA upakAra . kreNge||50|| pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa siddha padArthoM ke svabhAvoM kI pratIti ke anusAra vyavasthA nahIM mAnI jAyegI to jIva padArtha cetana svarUpa nahIM ho skeNge| vA jar3a zarIra cetanasvarUpa ho jaayegaa| nIma Adi madhura ho jAyeMge aura gur3a Adi madhura padArtha tikta (kaSAyale) ho jAyeMge tathA kAla dravya se dveSa karane vAloM ke kisI bhI tattva kI vyavasthA nahIM hogI // 51 // bhAvArtha : kAla ko mAnane vAle syAdvAdiyoM ke vastu-vyavasthA bana sakatI hai, anyathA vastu vyavasthA nahIM ho sktii| eka artha meM dekhe gaye svabhAva kI kisI bhI kAraNa se yadi usa vijAtIya padArtha meM kalpanA kI jAtI hai to svakIya iSTa tattva kI vighAta karane vAlI hotI hai| isalie sarvadA svayaM apane svarUpa se vartanA ko prApta jIva, pudgala Adi padArthoM ke parivartana meM sAdhAraNa hetu vartanA lakSaNa kAla hai| vaha kAla anya padArthoM ke parivartana meM kAraNa hai aura sva ke parivartana meM kAraNa hai| anya padArthoM kA parivartana karAtA hai aura apanI bhI vartanA karatA hai|52-53|| "jIva, ajIva Adi padArthoM kI utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya rUpa varttanA kevala asAdhAraNa kAraNa se hI hotI hai" -aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki, sAdhAraNa kAraNa ke binA kisI bhI kArya kA utpAda honA saMbhava nahIM hai jaise karaNajJAna (indriyajanya jJAna) sAdhAraNa kAraNa ke binA nahIM hye sktaa|
Page #392
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *379 krnnjnyaanvt| tatra hi mana:prabhRti sAdhAraNaM kAraNaM cakSurAdyasAdhAraNamanyatarApAye tadanupapatteH / tadvatsakalavRttimatAM vRttau kAla: sAdhAraNaM nimittazcopAdAnamasAdhAraNamiti yuktaM pazyAmaH / khAdi tannimittaM sAdhAraNamiticenna, tasyAnyanimittatvena prsiddhH| kenacidAtmanA tattannimittatvamapIticet sa evAtmA kAla iti na tadbhAvaH / tathA sati kAlo dravyaM na syAditi cenna, tasya dravyatvena vkssymaanntvaat| svahetorjAyamAnasya kutshcidvinivrtte| punaH prasUtita: pUrvaM virahoMtaramiSyate // 54 // kAla eva sa cediSTaM viziSTatvAnna bhedataH / sUcanaM tasya sUtresmin kathaMcinna virudhyate // 55 // kyoMki usa karaNa jJAna meM mana, indriya Adi sAdhAraNa kAraNa haiM aura cakSu Adi indriyA~ tathA cakSurAdi indriyoM ke AvaraNa kA kSayopazama asAdhAraNa kAraNa haiN| bhAvendriya aura dravyendriya rUpa vA sAdhAraNa aura asAdhAraNa kAraNa meM se kisI bhI kAraNa kA apAya (abhAva) hone para jaise kAraNa jJAna nahIM ho sakatA, usI prakAra sampUrNa vartanA vAle padArthoM kI pariNati hone meM kAla dravya sAdhAraNa kAraNa hai, nimitta kAraNa hai aura padArthoM kI parivartana karane kI svakIya zakti asAdhAraNa upAdAna kAraNa haiN| yaha hama yuktipUrvaka dekhate haiN| ___padArthoM ke parivartana meM AkAza Adi nimitta kAraNa (sAdhAraNa kAraNa) haiM-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki una AkAza Adi kI anya avagAha Adi kAryoM ke nimittapane se siddhi hai hI arthAt "yadi kaho ki kisI eka svarUpa se vaha AkAza usa varttanA kA bhI nimitta ho jAyegA" -aisA kahane para to vaha kAla dravya hI hai| usa kAla dravya ke abhAva meM padArthoM kI vartanA nahIM ho sktii| ata: kAla dravya kA abhAva nahIM ho sktaa| "aisA hone para kAla dravya siddha nahIM hotA hai ?" aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai-kyoMki pA~caveM adhyAya meM mukhya kAla dravya kA varNana kreNge| bhAvArtha : dravyoM ke parivartana meM kAraNabhUta kAla dravya tattvoM ke kathana meM nimittabhUta hai-padArthoM ke jAnane kA sAdhana kAla hai| isa prakAra kAla kA kathana samAsa huaa| aba antara ko kahate haiM: svakIya aMtaraMga, bahiraMga kAraNoM se utpanna padArthoM kI kisI vinAza-kAraNa se nivRtti ho jAne para punaH kAlAntara meM usakI utpatti hone para pUrva kA vyavahita samaya antara mAnA jAtA hai||54|| ____ "utpanna padArtha ke naSTa ho jAne para punaH usakI utpatti hone ke vyavadhAna ko yadi antara kahA jAtA hai to vaha antara kAla hI hai| arthAt kAla se bhinna dUsarA antara nahIM hai| ata: sUtra meM kAla se pRthak antara kA nirUpaNa karanA vyartha hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sAmAnya kAla se antara kAla meM viziSTatA hone ke kAraNa antara kA pRthak kathana karanA hamane iSTa kiyA hai| ata: sUtra meM antara kA kathana karanA kathaJcit viruddha nahIM hai||55||
Page #393
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *380 nanu na kevalaM virhkaalontrN| kiM tarhi . chidraM madhyaM vA aMtarazabdasyAnekArthavRttezchidramadhyaviraheSvanyatamagrahaNamiti vacanAt / na cedaM vacanamayuktaM kAlavyavadhAnavatkSetrasya vyavadhAyakasya bhAgasya ca padArtheSu bhAvAditi kazcit / sopi yadi mukhyamaMtaraM chidraM madhyaM vA brUyAt tadAnupahatavIryasya nyagbhAve punarudbhUtidarzanAttadvacanamiti virudhyte| virahakAlAkhyasyAMtarasyAnena samarthanAt / athApradhAnaM tadiSTameva / sAMtaraM kASThaM sachidramiti pratItermukhyaM chidramiti cenna, tatrApi virahasya tathAbhidhAnAt / dravyavirahaH chidraM na kAlaviraha iti cenna, dravyavirahasya padArthaprarUpaNAnaMgatvAt / kSetraM vyavadhAyakaM chidramiti viraha kAla ko kevala antara hI nahIM khte| prati zaMkA : kAla hI antara nahIM hai, to antara kA artha kyA hai ? uttara : chidra, madhya, Adi aneka arthoM meM antara zabda kI vRtti (pravRtti) hone se chidra, madhya aura viraha kAla inameM se kisI eka ko grahaNa karanA caahie| aisA kahA gayA hai| aura vacana yuktirahita nahIM hai| arthAt akalaMkadeva ne antara zabda ke chidra, madhya, viraha Adi aneka artha kiye haiN| kahIM cheda artha meM jaise yaha kATha sAntara (cheda sahita) hai| kahIM bheda artha meM "dravya se yaha dravyAntara hai|" kahIM vizeSa artha meM, jaise isa manuSya kI apekSA isa manuSya meM antara (vizeSatA) hai| kahIM bahiryoga artha meM antara zabda kA prayoga hotA hai, jaise grAma ke antara (bAhya) kuA hai ityaadi| ye akalaMkadeva ke vacana ayukta bhI nahIM haiN| kyoMki padArthoM meM jaise kAlakRta vyavadhAna hai usI prakAra vyavadhAna karane vAlA kSetra kA vibhAga bhI padArthoM meM vidyamAna hai| antara kA artha kevala kAla vyavadhAna hI grahaNa nahIM karanA apitu vyavadhAna karane vAle kSetrAntara Adi ko bhI grahaNa karanA cAhie kyoMki vaha kSetra bhI padArthoM meM sthita hai| aisA koI vAdI kahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha zaMkAkAra bhI chidra athavA madhya ko yadi mukhya rUpa se antara kahatA hai to "nahIM prakaTa huI hai zakti jisakI, aise dravya kI nimitta kAraNavaza kisI paryAya ke tirobhAva ho jAne para anya nimittoM se usI paryAya kA prakaTa honA dekhA jAtA hai| yaha sUtra meM antara kahA gayA hai" vAdI ke kathana kA akalaMkadeva ke vArttika se virodha AtA hai| kyoMki unhoMne antara kA artha 'viraha kAla' nAma se samarthana kiyA hai| yadi una chidra aura madhya ko antara kA gauNa artha mAnate ho to hama (jainoM) ko iSTa hI hai| ata: mukhya rUpa se antara kA artha viraha kAla hai| "kATha sAntara hai (cheda sahita hai) isa prakAra pratIti hone ke kAraNa antara zabda kA mukhya artha chidra hai" -aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sUtra ke artha meM antara zabda kA artha viraha (vyavadhAna) kiyA gayA hai| cheda sahita kATha meM dravya kA viraha (vyavadhAna) rUpa cheda liyA gayA hai, viraha kA artha kAla nahIM kiyA gayA hai"-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki, dravya kA viraha (vyavadhAna) honA padArtha kI prarUpaNA kA aMga (kAraNa) nahIM hai| "vyavadhAna karane vAlA kSetra chidra hai"-aisA kahanA bhI ayukta hai| kyoMki aisA
Page #394
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 381 cAyuktaM tasya mdhyvypdeshprsNgaat| bhAgo vyavadhAyako madhyamiti vAyuktikaM himavatsAgarAMtaramityAdiSu madhyasyAMtarasya vyavadhAyakabhAgasyApratIteH / pUrvAparAdibhAgavirahoMtarAlabhAgo madhyamiticet tarhi sarva eva kka kSetravirahoMtarAlarUpaH chidraM iti viraha evAMtaraM nyAyyaM tatra chidramadhyayoH kathaMcidvirahakAlAdananyatvepi jIvatattvAdhigamAnaMgatvAdihAnadhikArAdavacanaM / virahakAlasya tu tadaMgatvAdupadeza iti yuktN| pudgalatattvanirUpaNAyAM tu chidramadhyayorapi vacanaM vArtikakArasya siddhm|| atraupazamikAdInAM bhAvAnAM prtipttye| bhAvo nAmAdisUtroktopyuktastattvAnuyuktaye // 56 // nAmAdiSu bhAvagrahaNAtpunarbhAvagrahaNamayuktamiti na codyaM, atraupazamikAdibhAvApekSatvAttadgrahaNasya kahane para usa chidra ke madhyapane ke vyavahAra kA prasaMga AtA hai| parantu zaMkAkAra ne cheda ko madhya se bhinna mAnA hai| tathA "vyavadhAna karane vAlA bhAga (hissA) madhya hai" isa prakAra madhya ko chedra se bhinna kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki "himavatsAgarAntaraM' ityAdi prayoga meM antara zabda kA artha madhya abhISTa hai, parantu samudra ke madhya meM himavAna parvata ke rahane kA vyavadhAna karane vAle bhAga (hisse) kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| ata: vyavadhAna karane vAlA bhAga madhya nahIM hai| yadi pUrvApara (pUrva pazcima) Adi bhAgoM (hissoM) kA virahasvarUpa madhyavartI antarAla bhAga madhya kahA jAtA hai, to sabhI kSetra madhya ho jaayeNge| aisI avasthA meM antarAla svarUpa kSetraviraha ko chidrapanA kaise raha sakatA hai ata: isa sUtra meM antara zabda kA artha viraha kAla (vyavadhAna) karanA hI nyAyya (ucita) hai| una antaroM meM chidra aura madhya ke viraha kAla se kathaJcit abheda hone para bhI jIvAdi tattvoM kI adhigati (jJAna) meM chidra aura madhya kAraNa na hone se isa sUtra meM chidra aura madhya kA adhikAra nahIM hai (upayoga nahIM hai) ataH chidra aura madhya kA yahA~ grahaNa nahIM hai (avacana hai) parantu jIvAdi tattvoM ke adhigama kA upAya (kAraNa) hone se viraha kAla kA upadeza (kathana) kiyA gayA hai| isalie antara kA artha viraha (kAla vyavadhAna) kahanA yukta hai| - tathA pudgala tattva kA nirUpaNa karane para to chidra aura madhya ko bhI grahaNa karanA vArttikakAra (akalaMka deva) ko siddha hai, iSTa hai| arthAt pudgala tattva ke adhigama meM chidra aura madhya bhI antara zabda se grahaNa karanA AcArya deva ko iSTa hai| . isa prakAra antara kA prakaraNa samApta ho gayA / aba bhAvoM kA varNana karate haiM: yadyapi "nAmasthApanAdravyabhAvatastanyAsaH" sUtra meM vastu kI vartamAna paryAya rUpa bhAva kA kathana ho cukA hai tathApi isa "satsaMkhyA.." sUtra meM aupazamika, kSAyika Adi bhAvoM kA jJAna karAne ke lie bhAva kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ziSyoM ko vizada rUpa se tattvoM kA anuyoga karAne ke lie maharSiyoM ne udyoga kiyA hai||56|| nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAra nikSepoM meM 'bhAva' kA grahaNa ho jAne se punaH bhAva kA grahaNa karanA yukta nahIM hai, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki isa sUtra meM aupazamikAdi bhAvoM kI apekSA
Page #395
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 382 vineyAzayavazo vA tattvAdhigamahetuvikalpaH srvo'ymitynupaalNbhH|| etelpe bhvshcaite'miibhyo'tiviviktye| kathyatelpabahutvaM tatsaMkhyAto bhinnasaMkhyayA // 57 // pratyekaM saMkhyayA pUrva nizcitArthepi piMDataH / kathyatelpabahutvaM yattattataH kiM na bhidyate // 58 // ___ nanu yathA vizeSato'rthAnAM gaNanA saMkhyA tathA piMDatopi tato na saMkhyAtolpabahutvaM bhinnamiticenna,kathaMcidbhedasya tvayaivAbhidhAnAt / na hi sarvathA tatastadabhedavizeSe saMkhyA piMDaM saMkhyeti vaktuM shkym|| iti prapaMcataH sarvabhAvAdhigatihetavaH / sadAdayonuyogAH syuste syAdvAdanayAtmakAH // 59 // sakalaM hi vastusattvAdayo'nuyujAnA: syAdvAdAtmakA eva vikalpayaMtu nayAtmakA eveti na pramANanayebhyo bhidyte| tatprabhedAstu prapaMcataH sarve tttvaarthaadhigmhetvo'nuveditvyaaH|| hone ke kAraNa 'bhAva' kA grahaNa karanA sArthaka hai| athavA vinIta ziSyoM ke abhiprAya ke AdhIna tattvAMdhigama karAne vAle hetuoM kI kalpanA hotI hai ataH syAdvAda siddhAnta meM yaha ulahanA nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : bhAva prarUpaNA se vastu-svarUpa va Atmatattva kA bhAna hotA hai| isa AThaveM sUtra meM kathita anuyoga ke dvArA tattvoM kA jJAna hotA hai| aba alpahutva kA kathana karate haiM una padArthoM se ye padArtha alpa saMkhyA vAle haiM, ye padArtha ina padArthoM se bahuta hai| isa prakAra padArthoM ke pRthak bhAva karAne ke lie alpabahutva kahA jAtA hai| yaha alpabahutva saMkhyA prarUpaNA se bhinna hai| pUrva meM pratyeka padArtha jo saMkhyA prarUpaNA ke dvArA nizcita ho cukA hai usameM bhI piNDa rUpa se paraspara alpabahutva kahA jAtA hai ataH saMkhyA se alpabahutva bhinna kyoM nahIM hogA (avazya hogaa)| pratyeka padArtha kI gaNanA karane vAlI saMkhyA se piNDarUpa se mile hue aneka padArthoM kI apekSA nyUnatA aura adhikatA kA kathana karane vAlA alpabahutva bhinna hI hai||57-58|| zaGkA : jaise vizeSa rUpa se padArthoM kI gaNanA karanA saMkhyA hai, usI prakAra piNDa (samudAya) rUpa se padArthoM kI alpabahutva rUpa se gaNanA karanA bhI saMkhyA hai, isalie saMkhyA se alpabahutva bhinna nahIM hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA upayukta nahIM hai kyoMki Apane bhI saMkhyA aura alpabahutva meM kathaJcit bheda svIkAra kiyA hai| yadi aisA bheda svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAegA to yaha saMkhyA kA piNDa hai aura yaha saMkhyA hai' isa prakAra bheda rUpa se kathana karanA zakya nahIM hogaa| ata: saMkhyA kA vizeSa rUpa se jJAna karAne ke lie alpabahutva kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa prakAra bheda, prabheda ke vistAra se sarva padArthoM kI jJapti (adhigama) ke kAraNabhUta sat saMkhyA Adi ATha anuyoga hote haiN| ve sarva syAdvAda (pramANa) aura nayAtmaka haiM arthAt jagat ke sampUrNa adhigati ke (jAnane ke) upAya pramANa aura naya se bahirbhUta nahIM haiM pramANa aura nayAtmaka hI haiN||59|| sampUrNa vastuoM ke sat saMkhyA Adi anuyoga ko prApta dharma syAdvAdAtmaka (zrutajJAna) svarUpa aura ekadeza se vivakSita sattvAdi naya svarUpa hai, aisI kalpanA karanI cAhie ataH sattvAdi pramANa aura nayoM
Page #396
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 383 sattvena nizcitA-bhAvA gamyate saMkhyayA budhaiH| saMkhyAtAH kSetrato jJeyAH sparzanena ca kaaltH|| 60 // tathAMtarAcca bhAvebhyo jnyaaytelpbhutvtH| kramAditi tathaiteSAM nirdezo vyavatiSThate // 61 // praznakramavazAdvApi vineyaanaamsNshym| nopAlaMbhamavApnoti pratyuttaravacaH kramaH // 62 // ___ tato yukta eva sUtre sadAdipAThakramaH shbdaarthnyaayaavirodhaat| sAmAnyenAdhigamyaMte vizeSeNa ca tairythaa| jIvAdayastathA jJeyA vyAsenAnyatra kiirtitaaH|| 63 // jIvastatra saMsArI muktazca, saMsArI sthAvarazca trasazca, sthAvaraH pRthivIkAyikAdirekeMdriyaH sUkSmo bAdarazca, sUkSmaH paryAptakoparyAptakazca, tathA bAdaropi, trasaH punardIndriyAdiH paryAptako'paryAptakazceti sAmAnyena vizeSeNa se bhinna nahIM haiN| isa prakAra vistArapUrvaka prarUpita kiye gae tattvArthoM ke adhigati ke hetu jAnanA cAhie arthAt nAma Adi nikSepa, nirdeza Adi anuyoga aura sat saMkhyAdi sarva vastu ke jAnane ke upAya tathA naigamAdinaya sabhI pramANa ke hI bheda haiN| ___ 'sat' ke dvArA nizcita hue padArtha ko buddhimAna, saMkhyA ke dvArA jAna jAte haiN| saMkhyA ke dvArA nizcita padArtha kSetra ke dvArA, sparzana ke dvArA, kAla ke dvArA tathA antara kAla, bhAva aura alpabahutva ke dvArA jAne jAte haiM isa prakAra ukta krama se padArthoM kA nirNaya hotA hai| vinIta ziSyoM ke praznoM ke kramavaza pratyuttara vacanoM kA krama ni:saMzaya hai ata: sUtra meM kathita sat Adi anuyogoM kA krama kisI bhI ulAhane ko prApta nahIM hotA hai||60-61-62|| - isalie sUtra meM zabda sambandhI aura artha sambandhI nyAya ke avirodha hone se sat saMkhyA Adi ke par3hane kA krama yukta hI hai| bhAvArtha : zabda zAstra kI dRSTi se ziSyoM kI vyutpatti kI vRddhi ke lie tathA ziSyoM ke praznAnusAra uttara dene ke lie. arthadRSTi se satsaMkhyAdi kA krama rakhanA yukta hI hai| . ___yahA~ sAmAnya aura vizeSa rUpa se jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama hotA hai| isa grantha meM saMkSepa se kathana kiyA hai, vistAra se kathana anyatra (anya granthoM se) jAnanA cAhie // 63 // ina sAta tattvoM meM jIva saMsArI aura mukta ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| saMsArI trasa aura sthAvara ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| sthAvara pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika, vanaspati kAyika ekendriya sUkSma bAdara haiN| sUkSma, paryApta aparyApta ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| bAdara bhI do indriya, tIna indriya, cAra indriya, paMcendriya saMjJI, asaMjJI, paryApta, aparyApta Adi ke bheda se aneka prakAra ke haiN| isa prakAra sAmAnya aura vizeSa ke dvArA jIva sattA rUpa se jAne jAte haiN| usI prakAra saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana Adi ke dvArA bhI jIvAdi tattvoM kA adhigama hotA hai| isI prakAra ajIva, Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa tattvoM kA kathana bhI sat saMkhyA Adi ke dvArA karanA caahie|
Page #397
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 384 ca yathA sattvenAdhigamyate saMkhyAdibhizca tathA saMkSepeNAjIvAdayopIhaiva / vyAsena tu gatyAdimArgaNAsu sAmAnyato vizeSatazca jIvavadajIvAdayo'nyatra kIrtitA vijJAtavyAH / / ityuddiSTau tryAtmake muktimArge samyagdRSTerlakSaNotpattihetUn / tattvanyAsau gocarasyAdhigaMtuM hetu naaniitikshcaanuyogH||1|| iti tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAre prathamasyAdhyAyasya dvitIyamAhnikam / vistAra se gati Adi mArgaNAoM meM, mithyAdarzana Adi guNasthAnoM meM bhI sat saMkhyA Adi kA nirUpaNa karanA caahie| jIva ke samAna ajIva, Asrava Adi kA kathana anya sarvArthasiddhi, gommaTTasAra Adi granthoM se jAnanA caahie| isa prakAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa tIna svarUpa mokSamArga kA uddeza (kathana) kara cukane para puna: samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa aura usakI utpatti ke kAraNoM kA pradarzana karAne vAle do sUtroM kA kathana kiyaa| tadanantara jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA aura nikSepoM kA kathana sUtra meM kiyaa| usake pazcAt ratnatraya ke viSaya ko samajhAne ke vA jAnane ke kAraNabhUta aura laukika zAstrIya aneka nItiyoM se yukta yaha anuyoga tIna sUtroM ke dvArA kahA gayA hai| yaha ATha sUtroM kA saMkSipta kathana hai|| isa prakAra zrI vidyAnanda svAmI viracita tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra nAmaka grantha meM prathama adhyAya sambandhI dUsarA Ahnika pUrNa huA / .
Page #398
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 385 zloka pRSTha saM. 10 382 114 125 151 * tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkArAMtargata - zlokasUcI - dvitIya khaMDa - zloka pRSTha saM. (i) akSaNAnugataH zabdo icchA zraddhAnamityeke agonivRttimapya 118 iti prapaMcataH sarvaatraupazamikAdInAM ____381 ityevamAkRtiM zabdaarthagrahaNato'nartha iMdriyANi ca samyaMci arthasvavyaMjakAdhInaM . advayasyApi jIvasya ekatvAropamAtreNa antardarzanamohasya ekatrArthe virodhazcet anye tvatto na saMtIti ekasya bhAvatokSINaanyApohe pratIte ca 124 ekatrArthe hi dRSTasya anvayapratyayAtsiddhaM etena saMcitAzeSaabhAvasyAvinAbhAva etena tavayasyaiva asadrUpapratItirhi etelpe bahavazcaiteasthiratvAtpadArthAnAM evaM prayojanApekSA evaM pacatizabdodhi(A) (ka) AtmA tatprAbhRtajJAyI katidhedamiti prazne AtmAnaM saMvidantyanye karmaprAdhAnyatastatra AdhArAdheyabhAvasya 332 kalpanAropitoMzI cet Asravo'pi ca baMdhasya kalpane vAnavasthAnAt AhurvidhAtR pratyakSaM kasya cetyanuyoge sa 153 378 137 42 110 66 382 43 113 35 288 52 170 39 213 287
Page #399
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 386 zloka pRSTha saM. pRSTha saM. 44 zloka (ca) cakSurAdipramANaM cet citastu bhAvanetrAdeH 221 351 379 3/ kramo hetuvizeSAtsyAt krameNa yogapadyAdvA . kAryakAraNabhAvasyAkAla eva sa cediSTaM kiM tattvaM nAma yenAryakriyAvAn puruSo'sarvakuMDalItyAdayaH zabdA kutazcidgrAhakAtsiddhaH kvAnyathA vyavatiSThate kveti paryanuyoge tu . 73 348 378 288 (ja) jAtAveva tu yatsaMjJA jAtidvAreNa zabdo hi jAtiH sarvasya zabdasya jAtirAkRtirityartha jAtivyaktyAtmakaM vastu jIvo jIvazca baMdhazca jIvAdInAmiha jJeyaM jIvatvaM tattvamityAdi jIva evAtra tattvArtha jIvAjIvaprabhedAnAM jIvA vA cetanA na syuH jJAnAdilakSaNaM tasya jJAnAvRtyAdibhedena jJAnaM matyAdibhedena 211 341 372 355 kSaNakSayAdirUpasya kSaNamAtrasthitiH siddhaikSayopazamamAyAti (ga) gaNanAmAtrarUpeyaM gatyAdimArgaNAsthAnaiH guDazabdAdyathA jJAne guNe karmaNi vA nAma guNaprAdhAnyato vRtto guNe samAzritatvena gotvarUpAttadAvezAt grAhyagrAhakabhAvAdigrAhyagrAhakabhAvo'taH 107 73 73 111 tato nApratibhAterthe tatsaMpatsaMbhavo yeSAM tattvaM satazca sadbhAvo tatrAnadhyavasAyasya 348 348
Page #400
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 387 zloka . pRSTha saM. zloka pRSTha saM. tatra syAdvAdinaH prAhuH 131 194 tatpramANAnnayAcca syAt 219 210 221 pa 125 378 192 74 306 tannAMzinyapi nizzeSatanna yuktaM niraMzAyAH tasya bhAvo bhavettatvaM tasmApyanyairasaMvitteH tasya ced dRzyasAmAnyatasmAjjIvAdibhAvAnAM tAdAtmyapariNAmasya tena nAnAditA tasya tenAnAgatabaMdhasya tenAniSedhatAnyasyatena paMcatayI vRttiH tenecchAmAtrataMtraM yat teSAM darzanajIvAditebhyopi bhedarUpeNa teneha sUtrakArasya tairAdhigamo bhedAt trikAlagocarAzeSatrikAlaviSayArthopa(da) dRgmohastu kvacijjAtu dravyAdiSaTpadArthAnAM dravyAMtaramukhe tu syAt dravyameva padArthostu tatra praznavazAtkazcit tatsatprarUpaNaM yuktaM tato nirbAdhanAdeva tathaiveMdriyasamyaktvAt tathAcAnaMtaparyAyaM tathA sati na zabdAnAM . tathA hyanumiteroM tathA ca sakalaH zAbdatathA DitthAdi zabdAzca tathA syAdvAdasaMbaMdho tathAMtarAcca bhAvebhyo tadAhaMkArasamyaktvAt tadasattasya jIvAditadapyasaMgataM jAtitadAvezAttathA tatra tadayuktamanekAMtatadredazca padArthebhyaH tadA nAmAdayo na syuH tadupagrahahetutvAt tadevaM mAnataH siddhetanmAtrasya samudratve 131 383 145 149 199 108 289 198 147 375 149 153 44 343 169
Page #401
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 388 zloka pRSTha saM. zloka 146 dravyaparyAyato vAcyo dravyArthikanayAttAvat dravyataH kSetrataH kAladravyato'nAdiparyaMte . 147 308 376 . 168 dharmidharmAtmakaM tattvaM dharmidharmasamUhasya 194 195 305 320 60 22 na khAdibhiranekAMtaH nAmno vakturabhiprAyo nAmoktaM sthApanAdravyaM nAmeMdrAdi: pRthaktAvat nAmAderavibhinnazcet nAyaM vastu na cAvastu nAnyonubhAvyo budhyAsti nAtra saMvedanaM kiMcit nApramANaM pramANaM vA nAzeSavastuniIteH nAyaM doSastato naiva nAnavasthA prasaMgotra nAstitvaikAMtavicchityai nAMzebhyo'rthAntaraM kazcit nirdezAlpabahutvAdi nisargAditi nirdezo nirhetukasya nAzasya nizzeSadezakAlArthAnirdezyAdyaizca kartavyonizzeSadharmanairAtmyaM nityasarvagatAtmeSTau niranvayakSayakAMte nirdezavacanAdetat / 33x 346 na kazcitkasyacitsvAmI na kiMcitkenacidvastu na kAyAdikriyArUpo na ca pradhAnadharmatvaM na ca tattvAMtarAbhAvaH na zraddhatte pradhAnaM vA na samyagdarzanaM nityaM na jIvA bahavaH saMti nanvevaM saptatattvArthananvanAhitanAmnopi nanvanaMtaH padArthAnAM nanu nyAsaH padArthAnAM nanu nAmAdayaH kenye na kriyAmAtrakaM kAlo na cApekSikatA vyAptA 22 197 146 287 147 302 149 332 376 336 357 353
Page #402
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 389 zloka . pRSTha saM. zloka pRSTha saM. 373 357 65 125 nivAsalakSaNaM kSetraM nIrUpeSu zazAzvAdinaikatvAdhyavasAyopi naitatsannAmasAmAnyano AgamapunastredhA noAgamaH punarbhAvo 134 167 135 167 141 181 196 pramANavidhisAmarthyAt pramANavRttihetutvAt pratItayA punarjAtyA pramANaM ca nayAzceti pramANaM sakalAdezi pratyAsanneSvayukteSu pramANena gRhItasya pramANena nayaizcApi pratikarma vyavasthAnapramANaM yogyatAmAtrAt pratikSaNavinAzAdi pramANagocarasyAsya pratyekaM saMkhyayA pUrva praznakramavazAdvApi 199 348 49 212 148 361 373 217 198 382 383 377 377 parato grahaNe tasya parArthA jIvasiddhirhi paryAyArthanayAdrede parArthaM nirNayopAyo paryAyArthArpaNAjhedo parokSAkAratAvRtteH paratvamaparatvaM ca 'parAparAdikAlasya pApApAyAd bhavatyeSa pAramparyeNa cecchabdAt puNyapApapadArthoM tu pudgaladravyamAhArapradhAnasya vivartAyaM pradhAnasyaiva samyaktvAt pratipakSavizeSo'pi pramANAdaya eva syuH 109 40 136 (ba) bahiH kAraNasAkalye baMdhahetunirodhazca baMdho mokSastayorhetU baMdhazcAsravakAryatvAt baMdhaH puMdharmatAM dhatte bAdhyabAdhaka bhAvasyAbADeMdriya paricchedyaH 21 350
Page #403
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 390 zloka pRSTha sa. pRSTha saM. / 91 134 47 294 136 192 181 bhAvasya tadvato bhedAtbhAvAMzosatsadAbhAvabhAvA yena nirUpyaMte bhAvinoAgamadravyaM bhrAMtiridriyajeyaM cet bhinnAbhinno virodhazcet bhinna eveti cAyukta bhedaprabhedarUpeNA bhede nAmAditastasya bhedaikAMte punarna syAt 152 215 148 147 zloka yatra zabdAtpratIti: syAt yatsvato'bhimukhaM vastu . yatkimityanuyogerthayattadekamanekaM ca yanna prakAzasAmAnya yatraikatvaM kathaM tatra yathA pAvakazabdasya yathaiva mama saMvittiyathaiva ca mamAdhyakSa yathA hi sati sattvena yathA jAtyAdayo dravye yathAzini pravartasya yathA caikakSaNasthAyI . yathAgamamudAhAryA yathApratIti bhAvAnAM yadyaspaSTAvabhAsitvAt yadi gaurityayaM zabdo yugapanna vizeSyate yenaivArtho mayA jJAtaH yenaikatvaM svarUpeNa yopi brUte pRthivyAdiH 217 19. 344 377 (ma) manaH samyaktvataH samyak madhyamoktyApi tadvyAdimateravadhito vApi mohArekAviparyAsamokSastAvadvineyena mokSasaMpAdike cokte mokSAdisAdhanAbhyAsA 90 118 371 217 363 58 (ya) yattvenAvasthito bhAvaH yatazcAnAgatAghaugha rAjJaH sati kurukSetre * 373
Page #404
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 391 zloka pRSTha saM. zloka pRSTha saM. 365 vyaktyAtmanAnubhAvasya vyApakaM pacisAmAnyaM vyomavatsarvabhAvAnAM 335 112 (za) 119 zabdena lakSitA jAtiH zabdapratItayA jAtyA zarIravAGmanaHprANA 132 378 363 241 93 351 (la) lakSaNasya tato nAtilohitAkRtimAcaSTe lohitapratyayaM rakta(va) vakturicchAM vidhatte'sau vastunaH kRtasaMjJasya vastunyekatra dRSTasya / vAkye'vadhAraNaM tAvat vAMchitArthapravRtyAdi vAcyavAcakatApyevaM vAsanAmAtrahetuzcet vinA paropadezenavidhAtrahaM sadaivAnya* vikalpyadRzyasAmAnyaivinA hetuvizeSeNa vizvamekaM sadAkArAvizeSaNavizeSyatvaM vijJAnapracayopye'Sa vyabhicAravinirmukteH vyaktisAmAnyato vyakti vyaktAvekatra zabdena . vyakteH prakhyApakAMzcAnyAn 356 27 30 125 383 (sa) samyakzabde prazaMsArthe sarAge vItarAge ca sa ca dravyaM bhavetkSetraM samyagdarzanazakterhi sapta jIvAdayastattvaM satyaM kiMtvAsravasyaiva sattvena nizcitA bhAvA sannapyasau bhavatyeva sadAdibhiH prapaMcena sarvathA tatprayoge'pi sadAkArAvizeSasya sanmAtrApahnave saMvit sarvathaivAphalatvAcca sarvathaivAsatAM nAsti sarvaM sarvAtmakaM sidhyet 210 42 341 346 254 341 347 351 107 364 365
Page #405
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 392 zloka pRSTha saM. pRSTha saM. 369 . 134 370 372 42 44 zloka siddhaM bhAvamapekSyaiva sthitimatsu padArtheSu sUtrakArotra tattvArthasUtrevadhAraNAbhAvAt sUtre nAmAdinikSiptasopi tadbhinnarUpa soyamityavasAyasya soprayukto'pi vA tajjJaiH / syAdvAdAzrayaNe yuktaM syAnnAstyeva viparyAsAt syAnAstyavAcyameveti syAcchabdAdapyanekAMtasyAdvAdavidviSAmeva svatastattvaM tathAtve ca' svahetorjAyamAnasya svasaMvedanamevaikaM svarUpepi ca sArUpyAt svAMzeSu nAMzino vRttau svArthanizcAyakatvena sphuTaM dravyaguNAdInAM 71 samavAyavazAdevaM samavAyo na saMkhyAdi sannapyayaM tatastAvat saMcitasya svayaM nAzAt saMvare sati saMbhUteH saMti satyAstato nAnAsaMvaro jIvadharmaH syAt saMzItivatprameyAMtasaMzayasya tadAtraiva saMjJAkarmAnapekSyaiva saMyogidravyazabda: syAt saMyogabalatazcaivaM saMviccetsaMvideveti saMkhyA saMkhyAvato bhinnA sAmarthyAdAdisUtre tat sAdarAnugrahAkAMkSA sAMprato vastuparyAyo sArUpyasya pramANasya sA caikatvAdisaMkhyeyaM sA naiva tattvato yeSAM sAmIpyAdiparityAgAt sAmAnyenAdhigamyante "73 74 331 3633 355 377 133 182 212 141 192 168 361 368 375 383 hAnAdivedanaM bhinnaM %%%
Page #406
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
_