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________________ hindI nATyadarpaNa' OF DELHI hiMdI mAdhyama kAryAnvaya nidezAlaya dillI vizvavidyAlaya...Janeleran Jain Educational
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________________ hiMdI nATyadarpaNa
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________________ mudrakasya karAghAtaiH khinnA cenmama bhAratI / karAmbujAmRtasparzaiH santaH ! saJjIvayanta tAm / /
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________________ hiMdI nATyadarpaNa zrI rAmacandra-guNacandra-viracita nATyadarpaNa kI hiMdI vyAkhyA pradhAna saMpAdaka DaoN0 nagendra saMpAdaka DaoN0 dazaratha ojhA DaoN0 satyadeva caudharI bhASyakAra AcArya vizvezvara siddhAMtaziromaNi hiMdI mAdhyama kAryAnvaya nidezAlaya dillI vizvavidyAlaya
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________________ dillI vizvavidyAlaya punarmudraNa 1990 pratiyA~ 2100 saMrakSaka pro0 nirmala kumAra siddhAMta saMpAdaka maMDala DaoN0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI DaoNo narendranAtha caudharI AcArya vizvezvara DaoN0 vijayendra snAtaka DaoN0 dazaratha ojhA DaoN0 udayabhAnu siMha saMyojaka DaoN0 nagendra yaha pustaka mAnava saMsAdhana vikAsa maMtrAlaya, bhArata sarakAra ke Arthika sahayoga se prakAzita kI gaI hai mUlya 50 rupae hiMdI mAdhyama kAryAnvaya nidezAlaya, dillI vizvavidyAlaya, I0e0 / 6, maoNDala TAuna dillI- 110 009 dvArA prakAzita tathA ajaya oNphaseTa priMTarsa, 73, ziva maMdira galI maujapura, dillI- 110032 dvArA mudrita
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________________ vaktavya hiMdI nATyadarpaNa nAmaka yaha pustaka zrI rAmacandra-guNacandra viracita nATyadarpaNa kI hiMdI vyAkhyA prastuta karatI hai jisakA bhArata ke sabhI vizvavidyAlayoM meM prayoga ho rahA hai| isa graMtha ke mUla racanAkAra hemacandra ke ziSya rAmacandra haiM, kiMtu isakI racanA meM unake sahapAThI guNacandra kA bhI yogadAna hone se use donoM kI sammilita kRti mAnA jAtA hai| yaha graMtha bharatamani ke 'nATyazAstra' ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai, kiMta phira bhI lekhaka-dvaya ne kaI sthaloM para bharatamani se apanA matabheda vyakta karate hue aneka maulika prasthApanAe~ bhI prastuta kI haiN| hama graMtha ke saMdarbha meM eka anya dilacaspa tathya yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki gaNacandra ne ise dhanaMjayakRta 'dazarUpaka' kI pratidvaMdvitA meM likhA thaa| yaha pustaka pahalI bAra dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke hiMdI vibhAga dvArA prakAzita kI gaI thI, paraMtu katipaya kAraNoM se isakA panaprakAzana saMbhava nahIM ho paayaa| pastaka kI mA~ga ko dekhate hae hiMdI vibhAga ne isake prakAzana kA adhikAra nidezAlaya ko de diyA hai, jisake lie nidezAlaya hiMdI vibhAga kA AbhArI hai| nidezAlaya ne pustaka ko zIghra upalabdha karAne kI dRSTi se isakA kevala punarmudraNa karAyA hai| AzA hai isase chAtroM va adhyApakoM kI samasyA kA nirAkaraNa hogaa| nidezAlaya hiMdI vibhAga ke bhUtapUrva adhyakSa prophesara tAraka nAtha bAlI kA AbhArI hai jinhoMne hiMdI vibhAga kI cAra pustakoM ke prakAzanAdhikAra nidezAlaya ko dene kA nirNaya liyaa| jagadIza candra manA nidezaka
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________________
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________________ viSayAnukrama viSaya pRSTha 1-52 bhUmikA [mAcArya vizvezvara sampAdakIya(ka) nATapadarpaNa meM rUpaketara kAvyazAstrIya prasaMga [f0 satyadeva caudharI] (kha) nATayazAstrIya granthoM meM nATayadarpaNa kA sthAna [DaoN0 dazaratha projhA] 53-87 85-67 prathama viveka vRttibhAga kA maGgalAcaraNa vRttimAga kI pravataraNikA nATaya-racanA kI duSkaratA rasa-kaSiyoM kI prazaMsA zabda-kaviyoM kI nindA nIrasavANI kI nindA kaSiyoM ke lie vyavahAramAna kI upayogitA vidvattA ke sApa kavitva prAvazyaka kAmyApaharaNa kI nindA trividha kAvya-saMvAda mUlagrantha kA maGgalAcaraNa maGgala-zloka kI dUsarI vyAkhyA pratipAdya viSaya rUpakoM ke bheda (1) nATaka kA lakSaNa vartamAna caritroM ke prabhinaya kA niSedha nATakoM meM devatAoM ke nAyakatva kA khaNDana nAyikA divya bhI ho sakatI hai nAyaka ke cAra bheda svabhAva-vyavasthA parita ke do bheda bhAvAbhivyakti ke nATakIya prakAra nATakaracanA-viSayaka vizeSa bAteM
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________________ (ka) YS viSaya kapAbhAga kI racanA kI zikSA nATaka meM parityAjya paha-lakSaNa nATakoM kI bhaMka-saMkhyA kA viSaya maloM meM pradarzanIya tattva viSkambhakAdi-prayoga viSkambhaka-lakSaNa pravezaka-lakSaNa mahAsya tathA cUlikA-lakSaNa prAvatAra-lakSaNa viSkammakAdi kI viSaya-vyavasthA upAya-vyAkhyA bIja patAkA-nirUpaNa patAkA aura prakarI patAkA aura prakarI kA dUsarA bheda patAkA anivArya nahIM patAkA bhora patAkA-sthAna patAkA-nirUpaNa patAkA:sthAna prakarI-lakSaNa M R 61 bindu-lakSaNa 77 . . kArya kI vyAkhyA upAyoM kI mukhyatA ke niyAmaka hetu pAMca dazAmoM kA nirUpaNa (1) prArambhAvasthA prayatnAvasthA prAptyAzAvasthA (4) niyatApti-avasthA (5) phalAgama-avasthA sandhi-nirUpaNa (1) mukha (2) pratimukha (3) garbha "
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________________ viSaya (6) nirvaharaNa sandhi kA dvitIya lakSaNa mukhasandhi ke dvAdaza zraGga (1) upakSepa (2) parikara (3) parinyAsa (4) samAdhAna (5) ubheda (6) karaNa (7) ( 5 ) vilomana bhedana ( 9 ) prApaNa (10) yukti (11) vidhAna (12) paribhAvanA pratikha sandhi ke teraha bhaGga (1) vilAsa (2) dhUnana (3) rodha ( 4 ) sAntvana (5) varNa saMhRti (6) namaM (7) narmadyuti ( 5 ) tApa (6) puSpa (10) pragamana (11) vajra (12) upanyAsa (13) anusarpaNa garbha sandhi ke teraha aMga (1) saMgraha ( kha ) (2) rUpa (3) anumAna (4) prArthanA (5) udAhRti (6) krama (7) uga SUCK ... BOTA 9001 **** .... 1904 ... ... 630 ... 1... pRSTha 103 105 108 106 206 111 112 114 115 116 117 116 120 122 123 124 127 128 130 131 133 135 136 138 140 141 143 144 245 145 147 148 146 150 151 152
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________________ vivada (8) vidrava (8.) bhAkSepa (10) (11) mAgaM (12) pratyAharaNa (13) toTaka grAmazaM sandhi ke teraha aGga (1) drava (2) prasaMga (3) sampheTa (4) apavAda pradhikhala (5) chAdana (6) dhuti (7) kheda ( 5 ) virodha saMrambha zakti (2) (10) (11) prarocanA (12) prAdAna (13) vyavasAya nirvaharaNa sandhi ke caudaha praGga (1) sandhi (2) nizeSa (3) prathana (4) nirNaya (5) paribhASA upAsti kRti ghAnanya samaya parigUhana (4) (7) ( 5 ) ( 9 ) (10) (11) bhASaNa (12) pUrva bhAva (13) kAvyasaMhAra (14) prazasti anya bhAcAyoM ke mata kA khaNDana ( ga ) 000. *** ... .... ... ... 0000 ... .... .... .... **** ... .... .... ... 818 .... ... .... 1000 0000 .... ... 000 ... pRSTha 154 155 156 158 159 160 161 161 162 163 164 165 167 167 168 171 172 175 177 177 178 176 176 150 151 152 183 184 156 187 187 190 161 193 195 195
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________________ viSaya viveka saGgati 2. prakaraNa kA lakSaNa prakaraNa bheda prakalpya svarUpa utsarga kA pratideza 3. nATikA kA lakSaNa nATikA meM karttavya kA upadeza nATikA meM karane yogya anya bAta 4. prakaraNI kA lakSaNa 5. vyAyoga kA nirUpaNa sandhi tathA pravasthAnoM kI nyUnatA kA upapAdana 6. samavakAra kA nirUpaNa samavakAra meM kiye jAne vAle anya kAryoM kA upadeza zRGgAradi kI vyAkhyA 7. bhArata kA lakSaNaM kattavya ke pradarzana dvArA nAyaka kA varNana 8. prahasana kA lakSaNa zuddha prahasana saGkIrNa (gha ) dvitIya viveka 9. Dima kA lakSaNa rasoM kI sukha-duHkhAtmakatA Dima meM karane yogya anya bAtoM kA tathA nAyaka kA nirdeza 11. IhAmRga kA lakSaNa IhAmRga meM karane yogya anya bAteM 12. vIthI kA lakSaNa 10. utsRSTikAGka kA nirUpaNa utsRSTikA meM karane yogya anya bAtoM kA nirdeza vothI ke teraha maGga (1) vyavahAra (2) praghibala (3) gaNDa (4) prapaJca (5) trigata (6) cala (7) prasatpralApa 180. .... 1000 .... **** .... ... .... Da **** .... **** .... Sopor pRSTha 202 202 206 211 211 212 215 216 217 218 216 221 223 225 22e 230 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 238 238 240 240 242 242 246 249 252 254 257 218
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________________ viSaya pRSTha 262 () vAkkelI (6) nAlikA (10) mRdava (11) udghAtyaka (12) avalagita (13) avaspandita vyAyoga Adi anya rUpakoM ke sAmAnya, nATaka-lakSaraNa 266 267 268 273 275 277 281 283 285 287 288 260 293 265 265 tRtIya viveka vRtti-nirUpaNa bhAratI vRtti kA nirUpaNa prAmukha kA lakSaNa prAmukha ke aGgabhUta pAtrapraveza ke niyama prarocanA-nirUpaNa sAttvatI vatti kA nirUpaNa kaizikI vRtti kA nirUpaNa prAramaTI vRtti kA nirUpaNa rasa-nirUpaNa rasa kA prAzraya anumitivAda naTa meM anubhAvoM kI sthiti anubhAva Adi saMjJAnoM kA viSaya rasabhedoM kA varNana (1) bhedoM sahita zRGgAra rasa kA nirUpaNa (2) zRGgAra ke vibhAva tathA anubhAvoM kA varNana (3) hAsya-rasa (4) hAsya ke bheda karuNa rasa raudrarasa (7) vIra rasa (8) bhayAnaka rasa (9) bIbhatsa rasa (10) adbhuta rasa (11) zAnta rasa kAvya meM rasa kA samAveza karane meM vizeSa sAvadhAnI viruddha rasoM kA virodha aura usakA parihAra MMr mr merrrrrrrr 312
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________________ viSaya rasa-doSa rasoM ke sthAyI bhAva vyabhicAribhAva (1) nirveda (2) glAni (3) (4) zaGkA (5) prasUyA (6) mada (7) ( 5 ) apasmAra zrama cintA (6) capalatA (10) prAvega (11) mati (12) vyAdhi (13) smRti (14) dhRti (15) ghamarSa (16) maraNa (17) moha nidrA (18) ( 19 ) supta ( 20 ) ugratA (21) harSa (22) viSAda (23) unmAda (24) dainya (25) vrIDA (26) trAsa (27) tarka ( 28 ) garva (29) zrautsukya (30) pravahitthA (31) jADagha (3.) prAlasya (33) vibodha (ca) :: .... **** ... 4460 .... **** .... .... 200 **** ~** .... ... ... ... 1830 1300 ... pRSTha 324 326 330 331 332 333 333 333 334 335 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 338 336 340 340 341 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 344 345 345 346 247
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________________ pRSTha 348 349 349 350 351 351 351 3 // 354 358 (cha) viSaya rasAdikoM meM pArasparika kArya-kAraNabhAva anubhAva (1) vepathu (2) stambha (3) romAJca (4) svarabheda (1) (6) mUrchA (7) sveda (ka) vivarNatA abhinaya (1) vAcika (2) prAGgika (3) sAttvika (4) prAhArya caturtha viveka nAndI ghrapAkA lakSaNa (1) prAvezikI dhra vA (2) naiSkAmikI dhruvA (3) AkSepikI ghra vA (4) prAsAdikI dhruvA (5) mAntarI dhra vA ke pAtroM kI prakRti ke bheda (1) uttama prakRti-puruSa (2) madhyama prakRti-puruSa (3) nIca prakRti-puruSa (4) uttamA-strI (5) madhyamA-strI (6) nIca-strI nIca prakRti vAle nAyaka mukhya nAyaka kA lakSaNa mukhya nAyaka ke guNa (1) teja (2) vilAsa (3) mAdhurya 367 372 272
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________________ viSaya (4) (5) sthairya (6) gAmbhIrya (7) praudArya zobhA (8) lalita goraNa nAyaka pratinAyaka vidUSaka prAdi kI prakRti dhIroddhatta Adi nAyakoM meM se pratyeka ke alaga alaga vidUSaka dhIroddhatta Adi ke sahAyaka antaHpura ke upayogI paricAraka varga kA varNana nAyikA kA lakSaNa nAyikAoM ke vizeSa bheda nAyikAoM ke tIna bheda (1) mugdhA (2) madhyA (3) pragalmA nAyikAoM ke prasiddha bheda (1) (2) vipralabdhA (3) khaNDitA (4) kalahAntaritA (5) virahotkaNThitA proSitapatikA * (6) vAsakasajjA (7) svAdhInabhartRkA (8) abhisArikA striyoM ke yauvana meM hone vAle dharma tIna prAMgika alaMkAra (1) bhAva (2) hAva (3) helA dasa svAbhAvika dharma ( ja ) (1) vibhrama (2) vilAsa (3) vicchitti (4) lIlA ... ... .... 9000 1904 000 6868 ... 4000 ... .... ... 840 19. pRSTha 373 374 374 374 375 375 375 376 376 377 375 375 379 350 350 380 351 301 381 351 352 382 382 383 353 384 384 384 385 386 386 387 387 387 387 388
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________________ pRSTha 398 388 389 386 389 360 390 390 sh 390 mmmmmm m 361 viSaya (5) vivoka (6) vihata (7) lalita (8) kuTumita (6) moTTAyita (10) kilakicita prayatnaja alaMkAra (1) zobhA (2) kAnti (3) dIpti (4) mAdhurya (5) praudArya (6) dhairya (7) pragalbhatA nAyikAoM kA nAyakoM ke sAtha sambandha nAyikAoM kI sahAyikAeM bhASA-vidhAna prAkRta-pAThya bolane ke viSaya meM manya prakAra bhASA-viSaya ke anya prakAra rUpakoM meM nAma bhAdi kA vyavahAra isI viSaya meM kucha anya jJAtavya kalpita kiye jAne vAle nAmoM kI kalpanA karane ke prakAra anya rUpaka (1) saTTaka (2) zrIgadita (3) durmilitA prasthAna goSThI (6) hallIsaka zamyA prekSaNaka rAsaka nATya-rAsaka kAvya bhAraNa (13) bhANikA 362 363 364 364 365 367 402 403 404 404 405 405 406 SCREEREDEE 406 406 406 407 407 408 400 408
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________________ pariziSTa viSaya (1) (2) (3) nATyadarpaNa (mUla) nAda ke vivaraNa meM nirdiSTa granthakAroM ke nAma nATyadarpaNa ke vivaraNa meM nirdiSTa nATayAdi granthoM ke nAma pRSTha 1-25
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________________ bhUmikA pratyakAra kA deza prastuta grantha 'nATayadarpaNa' ke racayitA rAmacandra guraNacandra pazcima bhArata meM sthita gujarAta deza ke nivAsI the / saMskRta sAhitya ke vizAla bhaNDAra ko itanA gauravazya evaM samRddha banAne meM [zAradA deza ] kAzmIra ke bAda gujarAta kA vizeSa mahatvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai / pujarAta hila paTTana kA prasiddha rAjya vidvAnoM kA pramukha prAzraya sthAna bhaura bhAratIya- vAha maya kI sevA evaM samRddhi meM sabase pragragaNya rAjya thA / isa rAjya kI sthApanA vikrama saM0 802 [I0 satru 746] meM huI thI / 'bharaNa hila - gopAla' nAmaka kuzala zilpI ne isa sthAna kI parIkSA ke bAlakkaDa' vaMza ke tatkAlIna rAjA 'motI sama vaNarAya' ko isa sthAna para uttama 'pattana' basAne kA parAmarza diyA thA / tadanusAra 'motI sama vaNarAya' ne isa sthAna para apanI rAjadhAnI kA nirmAraNa karAyA paura 'arAhila- gopAla' ke nAma para usakA nAma 'praNahila- paTTaNa' rkhaa| yaha 'maraNa hila paTTaNa' mAge calakara bhArata kA eka pramukha rAjya banA aura usane saMskRta sAhitya ko samRddha banAne meM bar3A mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA / kAzmIra ke samAna 'aNahila- paTTana' kA rAjya bhI zaiva-rAjya thA / usake rAjA prAyaH zaiva sampradAya 'ke' anuyAyI the / kintu sAhitya-samRddhi ke kSetra meM vahAM jainoM kA vizeSa mahattvapUrNa bhAga rahA hai / 11vIM zatAbdI se lekara 13vIM zatAbdI taka prAyaH do sau varSa paryanta 'maraNa hila-paTTana' kA prabhutva apane caramotkarSa para rhaa| isa bIca meM (1) bhImadeva (1021-69 I0] (2) karNadeva [1064 se 94 I0 ], rAjA ke samaya 'mAhila paTTama' 'zeva' vidvAnoM kA pratyanta priya kendra bana gayA thA / zaivAcArya jJAnadeva, somezvara purohita, surAcArya, bhora madhyadeza ke zrIdhara tathA zrIpati bhAdi zaiva-dharma ke aneka prasiddha vidvAn 'bharaNa hila paTTana' kI rAjasabhA ke ratnoM ke rUpa meM use suzobhita kara rahe the| rAjA bhImadeva ke 'sandhi vigrahika' dAmodara paNDita usa samaya apanI vidvatA ke lie atyanta prasiddha the / unake prabhAva se hI usa samaya 'ahila -paTTana' vidvAnoM ke mAkarSaNa kA kendra bana gayA thaa| yoM to 'mAhila paTTana' kA rAjya zeva rAjya thaa| usake rAjA mora 'sAndhivigrAhika' dAmodara paNDita donoM zaiva sampradAya ke anuyAyI the, kintu unake yahA~ sabhI dhArmika vidvAnoM kA samAna rUpa se svAgata hotA thaa| eka bhora jahA~ zevAcAmaM jJAnadeva sarIle aMba vidvAna unakI sabhA ko suzobhita karate the unhIM ke sAtha moca [bhUzukaccha ] ke kolakavi 'dharma tasvo-paplava' kI yuktiyoM ke bala para sabhA meM vAda-vivAda karate the| usI sabhA meM jainAcArya zAnta-sUri inakI sabhA ke paNDita the jo 'bauddha tarka se utpanna durUha prameyoM kI zikSA evaM sarka buddhi ke lie atyanta prakhyAta the| paTTana kA rAjadvAra jaise sabhI dharmoM aura sampradAyoM ke vidvAnoM ke lie samAna rUpa se prAkarSaNa kA kendra thA isI prakAra sabhI dezoM evaM rAjyoM ke vidvAnoM ke lie bhI vaha mAkarSaNa kA kendra thA / 'karNa sundarI nATikA' ke kartA kAzmIrI paNDita bilhaNa ghora nabAGgI TIkAkAra jayadeva -sUri ne karNadeva ke zAsana kAla meM 'alahila-paTTana' kI rAjasabhA ko susobhita fear thaa| prastuta grantha 'nATaya-darpaNa' ke racayitA zrI rAmacandra suraNacandra bhI isI vidvajja-vitarva pragatizIla rAjya kI vibhUti the|
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________________ ( 2 ) pranthakAra ke guru prAcArya hemacandra prastuta grantha 'nATyadarpaNa' ke nirmAtA rAmacandra ne apane nATakoM kI prastAvanA meM sUtradhAra ke dvArA apane ko prAcArya hemacandra kA ziSya batalAte hue apanA paricaya diyA hai / jaise "sUtra0-dataH zrImadAcAryahemacandrasya ziSyeNa rAmacandreNa viracitaM nalavilAsA. bhidhAnamAcaM ruupkmbhinetumaadeshH|" [nalavilAsasya prAmukhe "sUtra-zrIsiddhahemAbhidhAna-zabdAnuzAsanavedhasaH zrImadAcAryahemacandrasya ziSyeNa rAmacandreNa viracitaM satyaharizcandrAbhidhAnamAdirUpakamabhinIya smaajnmnurjyissyaamH|" [satyahariSacandrasya prastAvanAyAm] sUtra0-zrImadAcAryahemacandraziSyasya prabandhazataka mahAkave rAmacandrasya bhUyAsaH prabandhAH / " [nirbhayabhImavyAyogasya prastAvanAyAm] isa prakAra apane aneka granthoM meM nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ne apane bhApako prAcArya hemacandra kA ziSya ghoSita kiyA hai / isa 'nATayadarpaNa' kI vivRti ke anta meM bhI "zabda-pramANa-sAhitya-chandolakSmavidhAyinAm / zrIhemacandrapAdAnAM prasAdAya namo namaH // " likhakara granthakAra ne apane guru zrI prAcArya hemacandra ko namaskAra karate hue unake prati apanI zraddhA kA pradarzana kiyA hai| nATyadarpaNa-kAra rAmacandra ke guru, ye mAcArya hemacandra, jaina dharma ke anuyAyI aura bahuta bar3e vidvAna the| jaina dharma ke zAstrIya tattvoM ke prapUrva-jJAtA evaM vyAkhyAtA hone ke atirikta ve vyAkaraNa, nyAya, sAhitya prAdi zAstroM ke bhI prakANDa paNDita the| inakA janma san 109. meM gujarAta ke antargata 'dhandhukA' grAma ke eka vaizya parivAra meM huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma 'cima' (athavA cacca) mora mAtA kA nAma 'cAhiNI' (athavA 'pAhiNI) paa| hemacandra kA bAlyAvasthA kA rAzinAma 'caGgadeva' thaa| bhAge mATha varSa kI bhavasthA meM jaina dharma meM dIkSita hone para inakA nAma badala kara 'somacandra' prasiddha humaa| mora phira 21 varSa kI avasthA meM 'sUrI' pada prApta karane se unakA nAma 'hemacandra' prasiddha humaa| kahate haiM 21 varSa kI avasthA meM jaba inako 'sUrI' pada prApta huA taba inake zarIra kA varNa hema (suvarNa) ke samAna tathA mukha kI kAnti candramA ke samAna thI, isIlie inakA nAma hemacandra rakhA gyaa| 'somaprabhasUri' viracita 'kumArapAlapratiboSa' kI kathA ke anusAra prAcArya hemacandra ke sUripada kI prApti kA mahotsava nAgaura (mAravAr3a) meM bar3e samAroha ke sAtha manAyA gyaa| isa mahotsava para hone vAle vyaya kA sArA bhAra nAgaura nivAsI aura prAcArya hemacandra ke makta vyApArI 'dhanada' ne apane Upara liyA thaa| _ 'somaprabhasUri' ke anusAra 'dhandhukA' grAma ke eka vaizyakula meM utpanna yaha 'caGgadeva' bAlaka 'pUrNatalla-gaccha' ke nivAsI zrI devacandra sUri' ke samparka evaM prabhAva se hI zramaNa-sampradAya meM praviSTa humA / bAlaka caGgadeva ko pAyu prabhI pATha varSa kI hI thii| 'devacandra sUri' vihAra karate hue unhIM dinoM 'bandradeva' ke pAma 'dhandhukA' meM phuNce| vahAM pratyeka dina 'sUri' kA pravacana (dezanA)
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________________ ( 3 ) hotA thA / ina pravacanoM kAM bAlaka caGgadeva ke hRdaya para bar3A prabhAva par3atA thaa| eka dezanA (pravacana) pUrI hone para yaha vaNik kumAra caGgadeva pratyanta vinayapUrvaka prAcArya ke sAmane upasthita huA / bAlaka ke mAmA ' nemi' ne prAcArya se bAlaka kA paricaya kraayaa| aura bAlaka 'caGgadeva' ne unase prArthanA kI ki - 'sucAritrya rUpI jalayAna dvArA isa saMsAra sAgara se pAra lagAie / ' devacandrasUri ne bAlaka kI yogyatA aura utkaTa icchA ko dekha kara usake mAmA ' nemi' se kahA ki isake pitA 'cacca' ko preraNA karo ki vaha ise vrata grahaNa kI prAjJA de de taba hama isa bAlaka ko prApta kara niHzeSa zAstra parAmArtha kA avagAhana karAveMge / pazcAt yaha loka meM tIrthaGkara jaisA upakAraka hogA' / anta meM sambhavataH 1068 I0 meM ATha varSa kI Ayu meM bAlaka 'caGgadeva' ne prAcArya devacandra sUri se jaina dharma kI dIkSA grahaNa kii| usa samaya usa 'sohamuha' saumyamukha kA nAma 'somacandra' rakhA gayA / 21 varSa kI Ayu meM 1911 I0 meM 'sUri' pada prApta karane para unakA nAma 'somacandra' se badala kara hemacandra ho gayA ! yaha nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ke guru zrAcArya hemacandra ke prArambhika jIvana kI kahAnI hai / AcArya hemacandra ke gaurava kA yatheSTa paricaya isase milatA hai / 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cIkane pAta' kI lokokti ke anusAra prAcArya hemacandra ke gaurava ke lakSaNa unakI bAlyAvasthA meM hI prakaTa hone lage / unakA jIvana kramazaH vikasita hotA huA jaina dharma ke eka mahAn AcArya evaM saMskRta-sAhitya ke pUrva vidvAn ke rUpa meM lokapratiSThA ke carama zikhara para pahu~ca gayA thA / hemacandra kA rAjasambandha - jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai AcArya hemacandra kA janma gujarAta meM san 1060 meM huA thA / aura 1098 meM unhoMne prAcArya devacandra sUri se jaina dharma kI dIkSA grahaNa kii| gujarAta meM isa samaya jayasiMha siddharAja kA rAjya cala rahA thaa| jayasiMha siddharAja kA zAsanakAla 1063 se 1243 I0 taka rhaa| isake bAda 1143 se 1173 taka lagabhaga 30 varSa kumArapAla meM 'ahila paTTana' ko gaddI para rAjya kiyA / ina donoM rAjAoM ke yahAM AcArya hemacandra ko bar3A gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta thA / jayasiMha siddharAja lagabhaga unake samavayaska the, prataeva unakA sadaiva mitravat vyavahAra rahatA thA / kumArapAla ziSya ke samAna una para sadA bhakti rakhate the| jayasiMhasiddharAja ke zAsana meM gurjara aura mAlavA rAjyoM meM lambA yuddha calatA rhaa| anta meM 1136 I0 meM mAlavA rAjya ke Upara gurjara rAjya ko vijaya prApta huii| isa vijayaprApti ke avasara para gurjara deza kI prajA ne apane rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja kA bar3e utsAha evaM samAroha ke sAtha svAgata kiyA / isa svAgata samAroha ke avasara para rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja kA zrAcArya hemacandra ke sAtha prathama paricaya huA thA / yaha paricaya uttarottara pragAr3ha maMtrI ke rUpa meM vikasita hotA gayA / jayasiMhasiddharAja ke vijaya mahotsava ke avasara para sabhI sampradAyoM ke pratinidhiyoM ne unakA svAgata kiyA thA / isI prasaGga meM jaina dharma ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM prAcArya hemacandra ne unakA svAgata kiyA thA / unake svAgata padyoM meM nimna padya vizeSa rUpa se prasiddha hai--- bhUmi kAmadughAM svagomayarasairAsiJca ratnAkara ! muktA svastika mAtanudhvamuDupa tvaM pUrNakumbhI bhava / ghRtvA kalpatarordalAni sarala digvA raNAstoraNAnyAdhatta svakaraivijitya jagatIM nanveti siddhAdhipaH / ( prabhAvakacarita pR 300 )
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________________ ( 4 ) isa prathama rAjaparicaya ke samaya AcArya hemacandra kI prAyu 46 varSa ke lagabhaga bI / kisI anya avasara para rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja 'aNahila paTTana' ke rAjamArga para hAthI para car3he hue jA rahe the| dUsarI zrora se zrAcArya hemacandra sUri paidala bhA rahe the| mArga sakarA thA / rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ne hAthI rukavA diyaa| isa para prAcArya hemacandra ne unako eka ora se niHzaMka hAthI nikAla le jAne kA sujhAva dete hue tatkAla banA kara nimna zloka par3hA " kAraya prasaraM siddha ! hastirAjamazaGkitam / trasyantu diggajAH kintabhUyastvayaivodbhUtA yataH // / " hemacandrAcArya ko sAhityasevA - uparyukta vivaraNa ke anusAra san 1136 meM mAlava- vijayotsava ke samAroha ke avasara para prAcArya hemacandra kA bharaNa hila paTTana' ke adhIzvara jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha prathama paricaya hudhA / usake bAda san 1946 meM jayasiMha kI samApti ho gii| isa prakAra sAta varSa taka ina donoM kA sAtha rhaa| ina sAta varSoM ke thor3e se kAla meM rAjA jayasiMha ke protsAhana aura preraNA se, inhoMne bahuta bar3e aura bahuta mahattvapUrNa sAhitya kI racanA kI hai| vyAkararaNa, nyAya, sAhitya, chandaHzAstra prAdi sabhI viSayoM para unake praur3ha evaM pratyanta ucca koTi ke grantha pAe jAte haiM : 1] siddha-hemazabdAnuzAsana, 2 kAvyAnuzAsana 3 chando'nuzAsana, 4 vAdAnuzAsana, 5 dhAtupArAyaNa, 6 dvayAzraya mahAkAvya, 7 dezInAmamAlAbhidhAna cintAmariNa 8 manekArthaM saMgraha nighaNTu, 6 sapta sandhAna mahAkAvya, 10 triSaSTizalAkA puruSa carita, 11 pariziSTa parva, 12 yogazAstra, 13 vItarAga stotra 14 dvAtriMzikA dvayasrIti, 15 pramANamImAMsA prAdi unake likhe hue granthoM kI sUcI bahuta lambI hai / aura inake pratipAdya viSayoM kA kSetra bar3A vyApaka hai / itane vyApakaM bhara vividha viSayoM para itanI uccakoTi ke grantha likha kara unhoMne sacamuca apane prAcAryatva ko caritArtha kiyA bhora saMskRta sAhitya kI mahatI sevA kI hai| prAcArya hemacandra ke ye sabhI grantha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / kintu inameM 'siddha-hemazabdAnuzAsanam' kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| yaha vyAkaraNa zAstra kA grantha hai yaha bAta usake 'zabdAnuzAsana' nAma se hI pratIta hotI hai, kintu usake nAmakaraNa meM siddhahema pada jor3a kara AcArya hemacandra ne apanI aura rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja kI mitratA ko amara kara diyA hai| isa nAmakaraNa meM 'siddha' pada rAjA 'jayasiMha siddharAja' kA bodhaka hai aura 'hema' pada prAcArya hemacandra ke nAma kA sUcaka hai / siddharAja jayasiMha kI preraNA se prAcArya hemacandra ne isa zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA kI hai isa bAta ko prAcArya hemacandra ne isa nAmakaraNa dvArA sUcita kiyA hai| unakA 'triSaSTizalA kApuruSacarita' eka vizAla purANa grantha hai / maura unakA 'pariziSTa-parva' bhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa ke anusandhAna kArya meM upayogI ho sakatA hai| saMskRta praura prAkRta donoM bhASAtroM meM likhA gayA 'dvadyAzraya mahAkAvya' eka utkRSTa mahAkAvya hai / 'pramAraNa mImAMsA' unakA darzana grantha hai| isameM jaina darzana ke anusAra pramANoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha prapUrNa hI upalabdha hotA hai / yaha grantha sUtra rUpa meM likhA gayA hai| sUtroM ke Upara unakI apanI hI banAI huI svopajJa vRtti bhI pAI jAtI hai| 'yogazAstra' meM jaina darzana ke sAtha yoga-prakriyA kA samanvaya karane kA bana kiyA gayA hai| prAcArya hemacandra ne sabhI viSayoM para grantha likha kara apane anuyAyiyoM ke saMskRta adhyayana ke lie eka svataMtra granya- mAlA kI racanA kara dI hai| unake dhanuyAyI vidyAciyoM ko par3hane par3hAne ke lie sabhI pramukha viSayoM para apane svatantra grantha mila
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________________ sakate haiM / isa prakAra unhoMne saMskRta vidyA ke adhyayana ke nimita jaina dharma evaM gujarAta pradeza donoM ko svAvalambI banA diyA hai| antima jhAMkI prAcArya hemacandra eka mahAn sAdhupuruSa aura saMskRta ke praur3ha vidvAna the / unakA adhikAMza samaya adhyayana, adhyApana evaM sAhityika kArya meM vyatIta hotA thaa| rAjA jayasiMha ke sAtha aura unake bAda jayasiMha ke uttarAdhikArI kumArapAla ke sAtha yadyapi unakA ghaniSTa sambandha thA, kintu ve zramaNoM kI nAI alaga apane vihAra meM rahate the| prAvazyakatA hone para siddhagaja jayasiMha aura kumArapAla unake sthAna para jAkara hI unase Avazyaka parAmarza prApta karate the| phira bhI rAja-samparka bar3I burI balA hai / bhAcArya hemacandra ko isa rAja-samparka kA bar3A burA phala bhoganA pdd'aa| rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha mAcArya hemacandra kA prathama paricaya 1136 meM mAlavavijayotsava ke samAroha ke avasara para huA thaa| usa samaya unakI avasthA 46 varSa kI thii| usake bAda 7 varSa taka rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha unakA sambandha rhaa| usake bAda unake uttarAdhikArI 'maNahila-paTTana' ke rAjA kumArapAla ke sAtha 30 varSa taka u. kA sambandha rahA / isa prakAra 46 varSa kI prAyu meM rAja-samparka meM Akara 37 varSa taka ve nirantara rAja-samparka meM rahe, praura 83 varSa kI Ayu meM unakA dehAvasAna humaa| unake dehAvasAna kI ghaTanA bar3I karuNa hai ! 'praNahila-paTTana' ke rAjA aura prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSya kumArapAla ke koI putra nahIM thaa| eka putrI thI aura usakA lar3akA pratApamalla thaa| 30 varSa rAjya karane ke bAda rAjA kumArapAla vRddha ho gae the, aura unheM rAjya ke uttarAdhikArI kara nirNaya karane ko cintA huii| unake nikaTa sambandhiyoM meM eka to yahI unakA dauhitra pratApamalla pA aura dUsarA unakA bhAI ajayapAla thaa| inhIM do meM se kisI ko 'praNahila paTana' kI rAjagaTTI kA uttarAdhikArI banAyA jA sakatA thaa| ina donoM meM kisako rAja-siMhAsana denA ucita hogA isa viSaya meM parAmarza karane ke lie vRddha rAjA kumArapAla bhAcArya hemacandra se parAmarza karane ke lie unake sthAna para ge| rAjA ke sAtha unakA priya eka jaina vyApArI 'varaNAha-prAbhar3a' bhI thaa| rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha prAcArya hemacandra kA samparka kevala sAta varSa hI rahA thA / isalie jayasiMha zaiva dharma ke hI anuyAyI bane rahe, kintu kumArapAla prAcArya hemacandra ke upadezoM ko suna kara jaina bana gae the| unakA dauhitra pratApamalla bhI jaina thaa| isalie prAcArya hemacandra ne ra kumArapAla ko yaha parAmarza diyA ki dharma ke sthairya ke lie pratApamalla ko gaddI denA acchA rhegaa| kintu rAjA ke jaina mitra 'vaNAha-mAbhar3a' kI yaha sammati thI ki-"kucha bhI ho, para apanA kAma kA" isa kahAvata ke anusAra 'prajayapAla' ko gaddI denA ThIka hogA / anta meM paristhitiyoM se vivaza hokara ajayapAla ko hI rAjya kA uttarAdhikArI banAyA gyaa| prAcArya hemacandra ke yahAM jisa samaya rAjA kumArapAla rAjya ke uttarAdhikArI ke viSaya meM parAmarza kara rahe the usa samaya prAcArya kA eka vidyArthI bAlacandra bhI vahAM upasthita thaa| usa bAlaka bAlacandra ke dvArA prajayapAla ko kisI taraha yaha bAta mAlUma ho gaI ki prAcArya hemacandra ne usako gaddI die jAne kA virodha kiyA hai| isa bAta ko suna kara use bar3A kSobha humA aura yaha bhAcArya hemacandra tathA unake kRpApAtra evaM sAthiyoM kA zatru bana gyaa| pAcArya
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________________ hemacandra kI avasthA usa samaya 13 varSa kI ho cukI thI aura usake bAda bahuta zIghra hI unakA dehAvasAna ho gyaa| patA nahIM yaha usake kisI SaDyantra kA pariNAma thA yA yaha svAbhAvika mRtyu thii| yadyapi granthoM meM to isakA ullekha nahIM milatA hai phira bhI ajayapAla kI prakRti ko dekhate hue yaha pAzcarya nahIM hai ki usane kisI SaDyantra dvArA prAcArya hemacandra ko samApta karA diyA ho| kyoMki prAcArya ke nidhana ke bAda 32veM dina hI ajayapAla ne viSa dekara kumArapAla ko samApta kara diyA aura svayaM rAjyasiMhAsana para adhikAra kara liyaa| isa ghaTanA kA ullekha aneka jaina granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / san 1348 meM likhe gae rAjazekhara sUri ke 'prabandhakoSa' meM isa ghaTanA kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai "evaM brajati kAle rAjA kumArapAladevaH zrI hemazca vRddho jaatii| zrI hemasUriMgacchevirodhaH / rAmacandra-guNacandrAdivRndamekataH / ekato bAlacandraH / tasya ca bAlacandrasya rAjabhrAtRvyena majayapAlena saha maitrii| ekadA prastAve rAjJo gurUNAM prAmaDasya ca rAtrI mantrArambhaH / rAjA pRcchati-bhagavan ! prahamaputraH, kamahaM svapade ropayAmi ? guravo avanti pratApamallaM dauhitraM rAjAnaM kuru dharmastharyAya, ajayapAlAttu svasthApitadharmakSayo bhAvI / atrAntare prAbhaDaH prAhabhagavan ! yAzastAdRzaH, prAtmIyo bhavyaH / punaH zrIhemaH-prajayapAla rAja mA kRthAH rAvayava / evaM mantraM kRtvA usthitAstrayaH / sa ca maMtro bAlacandreNa zrutaH, ajayapAlAya ca kathitaH / prato hemagacchIyarAmacandrAdiSu dveSaH, prAbhaDe tu prItiH / hemasUreH svargamanaM jAtam / tatoM dinadvAtriMzatA rAjA kumArapAlo'jayapAladAttaviSeNa paralokamagamat / ajayapAlo rAjye niSaNNaH / zrI hema-dveSAd rAmacandrAdiziSyANAM taptalohaviSTAsanapAtanayA mAraNaM kRtam / rAjavihArANAM bahUnAM pAtanam / laghukSullakAnAhAyya prAtaH prAtamRgayAM katu manyAsayati / pUrvamete caityaparipATImakArSurityupAhasatA bAlacandro'pi svagotrahatyAkAraka iti avadbhiAhmaNarmanasa uttAritaH / zrImAlavAn gatvA mRtaH / pApaM pacyate hi savyaH / " prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSya prastuta grantha nATayadarpaNa ke nirmAtA rAmacandra ukta gujarAta kI mahAvibhUti prAcArya hemacandra ke pramukha ziSya the| rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke samaya meM hI prAcArya hemacandra ne unheM apanA paTTa ziSya ghoSita kara diyA thaa| san 1277 (saM0 1334) meM likhe gae prabhAcandrasUri ke 'prabhAvaka carita' meM rAmacandra ke paTTadhara ziSya hone kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA gayA hai| "rAjA zrIsiddharAjena, anyadAnuyuyuje prbhuH| bhavatAM ko'sti padRsya yogyaH ziSyo guNAdhikaH / / tamasmAkaM darzayata cittotkarSAya, mAmiva / aputramanukampA, pUrve tvAM mA sma zocayan // . prAha zrIhemacandrazca na ko'pyevaM hi cintakaH / Adyo'pyabhUdilApAlaH satpAtrAmbhodhicandramAH // sajjJAnamahimasthairya muninAM kiM na jAyate / kalpadrumasame rAzi svayIzi kRtasthitI / / astyamuSyAyANo rAmacandrAkhyaH kRtizekharaH / prAptarekhaH prAptarUpA saGgha vizvakalAnidhiH / / anyadA'darzayaMste'mu, kSitipasya stuti ' ca sH| anuktAmAdyavidbhihallekhAdhAyinI vyadhAt / /
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________________ ina zlokoM meM rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja aura prAcArya hemacandra kA saMvAda variNata hai| eka vAra rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha ne prAcArya hemacandra se pUchA ki-he bhagavan ! bhApakA uttarAdhikArI yogya ziSya kauna hai. hameM bhI usakA darzana karAne kI kRpA kreN| rAjA jayasiMha ke koI putra nahIM thaa| isalie usane kahA ki he prAcArya kahIM aisA na ho ki merI taraha prApake viSaya meM bhI zoka kA avasara prAe ki prApakA koI yogya ziSya nahIM thaa| isalie apane paTTadhara uttarAdhikArI kA nizcaya kara lIjie / aura isa para prAcArya hemacandra ne rAmacandra ko apanA uttarAdhikArI paTTaziSya batalAyA aura kahA ise kisI samaya prApako dikhalA bhI cukA huuN| usa samaya usane arthAt rAmacandra ne Apako apUrva DhaMga se stuti bhI kI thii| isa stuti kA varNana usI 'prabhAvaka carita' meM nimna prakAra kiyA gagA hai tathAhi mAtrayApyadhikaM kaMcinna sahante jigISavaH / itIva tvaM gharAnAtha ! dhArAdhipamapAkRthAH // arthAt he rAjan / vijayenyu loga (mAtrayApyadhika) apane se tanika bhI bar3e ko sahana nahIM karate haiM, isalie gharAnAtha ! mApa usa dhArAnAtha arthAt mAlavArAja kA nAza kara ddaaleN| isa zloka meM dharAnAtha tathA dhArAnAtha zabdoM ke prayoga meM camatkAra hai| isa zabdoM kI mAtrAmoM kI gaNanA kI jAya to 'dharAnAtha kI apekSA 'dhArAnAtha' meM eka mAtrA adhika hai| kavi ne dharAnAtha sambodhana 'gurjarAdhIza jayasiMha siMharAja ke lie kiyA hai aura 'dhArAnAtha' pada se mAlavarAja ko pora saMketa kiyA hai| vaha mAtrayA adhika hai / isalie isako naSTa karane kI bAta kavi ne kahI hai / isa ukti meM kucha kavijanocita bhapUrva camatkAra hai / isIlie bhAcArya hemacandra ne use 'anuktAmAdyavidbhi' ekadama apUrva kahA hai / aura isIlie usako suna kara rAjA kA sira jhUmane lgaa| jaisA ki agale zloka meM kahA hai ziroSUnanapUrva ca bhUpAlo'tra dRzaM ddhii| rAme, vAmetarAcAro viduSAM mahimaspRzAm / / isa prakAra ke varNanoM se vidita hotA hai ki prAcArya hemacandra ne rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAmane hI arthAt apanI mRtyu se lagabhaga 40-42 varSa pUrva hI rAmacandra ko apanA paTTadhara uttarAdhikArI evaM pramukha ziSya ghoSita kara diyA paa| rAmacandra ke atirikta 1 mahendrasUri, 2 guNacandra sUri, 3 varSamAnagaNi, 4 devacandra muni, 5 pazcandra 6 udayacandra tathA 7 bAlacandra ye 7 unake sahapAThI tathA bhAcArya hemacandra ke vizeSa kRpApAtra ziSya the| 1. mahenanari-ina meM se mahendrasUri ne prAcArya hemacandra ke 'bhanekA.saMgraha' mAmaka anya ke Upara 'hemAnekArya saMgraha TIkA' likhI thii| jaisA ki unake nimna iloka se pratIta hotA hai zrI hemasUriziSyeNa shriimnmhemaasuurinnaa| bhaktiniSThena TIkeyaM tamAmnava pratiSThitA // 2.3. pampakAra ke sahAmyApI pulacanapati sapA varSamAnapali-vi0sa0 1241 (sara 1204 10) meM somaprabhAcArya ne 'kumArapAla pratiyoSa' kAmpa-nya kI racanA kI thii| sobata
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________________ bhapanA yaha kAvya hemacandra ke ziSya puNacandrarmANa tathA varSamAnagariNa ko sunAyA thA, isa prakAra kA ullekha unhoMne svayaM isa prakAra kiyA hai zazijaladhisUryavarSe zucimAse ravidine sitASTamyAm / jinadharmapratiboSa: klRpto'yaM gurjarendrapure // hemasUripadapaMkajahaMsa: mahendra munipaH zrutametat / varSamAna-guNacandragarirAbhyAM sAkamAkalitazAstrarahasyaiH / / ina zlokoM meM varSamAna tathA guNacandra donoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha sAtha-sAtha kiyA hai aura unheM prAcArya hemacandra kA ziSya batalAyA hai| isase ye donoM bhI nATaghadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ke sahapAThI siddha hote haiN| inameM se guNacandra to ve haiM jinhoMne rAmacandra ke sAtha milakara isa prastuta grantha 'nATyadarpaNa' aura usakI svopazavRtti kI racanA kI hai| vardhamAnagaNi ne bhI 'kumAra vihAraprazasti' nAmaka grantha kI vyAkhyA kI hai| usakA paricaya nimna lekha se milatA hai __zrIhemacandrasUriziSyeNa varSamAnagaNinA kumAravihAraprazastI, kAvye'muSmin SaDarthe kRte'pi kautukAt SoDazottaraM zataM vyAkhyAnaM cakre / 4-5. devacandra muni tapA yazazcandragariNa-ye donoM bhI prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSya aura nATapadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ke sahapAThI the| inameM se devacandramuni ne 'candralekha vijaya' nAmaka 'prakaraNa' (spaka bheda) kI racanA kI hai, aura yazazcandragaNi kA nAma merutuGga sUri dvArA viracita 'pravandhacintAmaNi' meM prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSya rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai| 6. udayacandra-inake nAma kA ullekha prAcArya hemacandra-viracita zabdAnuzAsana kI nyAsa TIkA ke lekhaka kanakaprama ne nimna prakAra kiyA hai bhuupaalmaulimaanniky-maalaalaasitshaasnH| darzanaSaTkanistandrohemacandro munIzvaraH / / teSAmudayacandro'sti ziSyaH saMzyAvatAM vrH| yAvajjIvamabhUd yasya, vyAkhyA jJAnAmRtaprapA / tasyopadezAd devendrasUri ziSyalavo vyadhAt / nyAsasArasamudvAraM manISI kanakaprabhaH / / 7. bAlacandra-rAmacandra ke sahapAThiyoM meM bAlacandra jI kA bhI vizeSa sthAna hai| isake nAma kI carcA hama abhI bhAcArya hemacandra kI antima jhAMkI ke prasaGga meM karacuke haiN| rAmA kumArapAla kI mRtyu kA kAraNa yahI thA, pora pAzvayaM nahIM ki prAcArya hemacandra kI mutyu bhI isI kAraNa huI ho| kavi kaTAramala kI upAdhi kavi rAmacandra kA janma kara pAra kahA~ humA isakA ThIka nirNaya karane kA koI sAdhana upalabdha nahIM hai| san 1136 meM prAcArya hemacandra ko, payasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha paricaya hone ke samaya ve bhAvArya hemacandra ke vivApiyoM meM the| yaha bAta pUrvodata ilokoM ke mAdhAra para mobA.sakatI hai, aura usase yaha pariNAma bhI nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki unakA janma gujarAta hima-paTTana' ke pAsa-pAsa hI kahI humo hogaa| tabhI unheM prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSyatva ko bImAbakA prasAra saralatA se mina mayA /
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________________ ( @) prAcArya hemacandra ke dvArA rAmacaMdra kA paricaya rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke sAtha bhI ho gayA thaa| eka bAra grISma Rtu kI pracaNDatA kI carcA ke prasaGga meM rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja na bhane pAriSadoM se pUchA ki garmI meM dina lambe kyoM ho jAte haiM ? 'kathaM grISme divasA gurutarA : ?" logoM ne bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke uttara die| usa samaya rAmacaMdra bhI sabhA meM upasthita the / rAjA ne unakA bhI abhiprAya jAnanA caahaa| rAmacandra ne unake prazna kA uttara diyaa| vaha uttaraM usa samaya kI sAmantI paramparA ke anusAra aura kavi rAmacandra ko kavitva pratibhA ke anurUpa thA / rAmacandra ne rAjA ke prazna kA uttara nimna zloka dvArA prastuta kiyA / deva ! zrIgiridurgamalla ! bhavato digjaitrayAtrotsave, dhAvadvI raturaGga niSThura khurakSuNNakSmAmaNDalAt / vAtodbhUtarajomilatsurasaritsaMjAtapaGkasthalI - dUrvA cumbana caMcurAravihayAstenAtivRddhaM dinam / / zloka meM rAjA ke pratApa kA varNana hai| rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja jaba digvijaya karane nikalate haiN| taba unake sainikoM ke ghor3oM ke khuroM se ur3AI gaI dhUli zrAkAza-gaMgA para jAtI hai aura usa para dUba uga AtI hai| sUrya kA ratha jaba prAkAza gaMgA para pahu~catA hai to sUrya ke ghor3e usa harI harI dUba ko dekha kara use khAne ke lie ruka jAte haiN| isalie unako apane lakSya sthAna para pahu~cane meM vilamba ho jAtA hai| isI kAraNa dina bar3A ho jAtA hai| uttara ko suna kara rAjA bahuta prasanna hue| vizeSakara isalie ki yaha zloka kavi kA turanta banAyA huA zloka yA bhaura usame kavi kI kalpanA-zakti kA paricaya milatA thA / isI prakAra kisI anya avasara para rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ne rAmacandra se kahA ki'sabhyonagaraM varNaya paTTanAbhidhAnam' 'bharaNahila paTTana' nagara kA varNana abhI kro| rAmacandra ne tanika sI dera meM hI 'bharAhila paTTana' nagara ke varNana meM nimna zloka banA kara rAjA ke sAmane prastuta kara diyA - etasyAsya purasya pauravanitAcAturyatAnirjitA manye nAtha ! sarasvatI jaDatayA nIraM vahantI sthitA / kIrtistambhamiSocca daNDarucirAmutsRjya vAhAvalItaMtrIkA guru siddhabhUpatisarastumbI nijAM kacchapIm // isa zloka kA bhAva yaha hai ki isa 'ahila paTTana' kI nivAsinI striyoM kI caturAI se parAjita hokara sarasvatI bilkula mUrkhA bana kara unake sAmane 'pAnI bharane lagI / isIlie apanI vINA kI kacchapI [ nIce vAle bhAga] ko siddharAja bhUpAla ke tAlAba kI kacchapI ke rUpa meM nIce chor3a diyA aura vINAdaNDa ko rAjA ke kIrti stambha ke rUpa meM dhAraNa kie prora meghAvalI ko taMtrI banAe hue ghUma rahI hai / yoM to donoM ilokoM meM kucha gar3abar3a hai kintu sadyaH nirmita iloka hone ke kAraNa ve kAphI acche zloka hai / rAmacandra kI isa prakAra kI pratibhA kA paricaya rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ko ghaneka bAra prApta ho cukA thaa| isalie rAjA ne prasanna hokara 'kavi kaTAramalla' kI upAdhi rAmacandra ko pradAna kI /
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________________ ( 10 ) eka bAra kAzI se vizvezvara nAmaka kavi paNDita praNahila paTTana praae| yaha rAjA kumArapAla ke samaya kI bAta hai / ve kavivara zrAcArya hemacandra kI sabhA meM pahu~ce / usa samaya rAjA kumArapAla bhI prAcArya hemacandra ke pAsa baiThe hue the / vizvezvara paNDita ne sA pahu~cate hI prAcArya hemacandra ko prAzIrvAda dete hue nimna zlokArddha ko par3hA pAtu vo hema ! gopAlaH kambalaM daNDamudvahan / lokArddha kA artha thA ki he hemacandra ! daNDa bhaura kambala dhAraNa kie hue gopAla kRSNa tumhArI rakSA kreN| kavi vizvezvara ne prapanI dhArmika bhAvanA ke anusAra kRSNa ke dvArA unakI rakSA kI bAta kahI thii| para prAcArya hemacandra aura unake zrAsa-pAsa kI sArI maNDalI to jaina matAvalambinI thii| use to 'kRSNa tumhArI rakSA kareM, yaha bAta kucha rucikara nahIM mAlUma par3I / usake sthAna para yadi 'jina tumhArI rakSA kareM' yaha bAta kahI jAtI to unheM pracchA lagatA / usa samaya kavi rAmacandra bhI vahIM baiThe the| unheM kRSNa kA yaha 'rakSA karane kA gaurava' pasanda nahIM AyA / isalie unhoMne turanta hI zeSa prAdhe zloka kI pUrti nimna prakAra karake sunA dISaDdarzana pazugrAmaM cArayan jainagocare // pahile zlokAdvaM meM daNDa aura kambaladhArI gopAla ke rUpa meM kRSNa ko upasthita kiyA thA / rAmacandra ke zlokArddha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki hAtha meM lAThI lie hue aura kaMdhe para kamariyA DAle hue vaha gopAla 'jaina gocare' jainoM ke yahA~ SaDdarzana rUpa pazunoM ko carA rahA hai / vizvezvara kavi ke hRdaya meM zrAzIrvAda dete samaya kRSNa ke prati jitanA abhimAna vyakta ho rahA thA, rAmacandra ke ilokA ne utanI burI taraha kRSNa kI hInatA ko prakAzita kiyA hai| isa prakAra yaha zloka dhArmika saMgharSa kA pundara udAharaNa bana gayA hai / sahRdaya logoM ne usa samaya bhI isa kA rasAsvAdana kiyA hogA / aura prAjake sahRdayoM ko bhI usameM eka tIkhA hI sahI para vizeSa rasAsvAdana milegA "pAtu vo hema ! gopAlaH kambalaM daNDamudvahan / SaDdarzana pazugrAmaM cAraMyan jainagocare || " isa ghaTanA kA yaha vivaraNa merutuGga AdhAra para diyA gayA hai / caritrasundaragaNi kI ghaTanA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai / racita prabandha cintAmariNa [10 226-27] ke 'kumArapAlacarita mahAkAvya' meM isI prakAra paJcalakSANi dravyANAM daza coccaisturaGgamAn / vizvezvarAya kavaye tuSTaH zrI kumaro dadau // sAdhaM nRpatinA so'tha vizvezvarakaviyo / zrI hemasUrizAlAyAM vidvadgoSThI ra seritaH // zrAlokya saMsadaM sUrebhU ririjanAvRtAm / sa brahmapariSattulyA menAM mene kavIzvaraH // sUri-ziSyakSAya dve samasye samArpayat / 'vyASiddheti' prasiddhA''dyA 'zRGgAmeNeti' vAparA // tAmAdyAM niravadyapadyaracanAhRdyaH kapardI mahA imAtyaH pUrvamapUrayad gurutaraprajJAprakarSoddharaH /
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________________ kurvastammanasIti vismayabharaM zrIsUriziSyaH saNAn / manyA mAnyatamo'nizaM matimatAM zrIrAmacandro'myadhAt / / yaha varNana, pUrva varNana se bhinna prakAra kA hai| isake anusAra zvezvara kapikA pahile rAjA kumArapAla ne apanI sabhA meM satkAra kiyaa| usake bAda kaSi jA kumArapAla sAtha prAcArya hemacandra kI zAlA meM gae hai| vahAM unhoMne prAcArya ke ziSyoM ke parIkSA ke lie do samasyAeM pUrti karane ke lie rkhiiN| inameM se eka samasyA 'yASiddhA' thI aura dUsarI 'zRGgAgreNa thii| inameM pahilI samasyA kI pUrti pahile rAjA ke mahAmAtya 'kapa' ne kI / usake bAda dUsarI samasyA kI pUrti hemacandra sUri ke ziSya rAmacanda ne kii| ina donoM ke samasyA-pUrti zlokoM ko granthakAra ne isa prakAra prastuta kiyA hai naitasyAH prasRtidvayena sarale ! zakye pidhAtu hazI sarvatrApi pa lakSyate mukhazazijyotsnAvitAnariyam / ityaM madhyagatA sakhIbhirabhito hagmIlanAta keliSu, vyASiddhA, nayane mukhaM ca rudatI sve garhate kanyakA // yaha mahAmAtya dvArA kI gaI 'byASiyA' samasyA kI pUrti hai| ra pacandra dvArA kI gaI dUsarI samasyA ko pUrti nimna prakAra hai svaM no gotragurustavenduradhipastasyAmRtaM taskare tena vyAdhazarAturAM mama priyAmenAM samujjIkya / ityukta magalAJchanasya hariNe kAruNyamAjalpataH zRGgAmeNa mRgasya pazya patitaM netAmbu bhUmaNDale / / inameM se prathama zloka meM kanyAnoM kI mAMkhamicaunI ko krIDA kA varNana hai| mAMDa micaunI khelane vAlI lar3akiyoM meM eka lar3akI kI pAMkhe bahuta bar3I bar3I hai| itanI bar3I ki 'prasUtihayena' donoM hAthoM se 'pidhAtuna zakye' Dhakane meM nahIM pAtI hai / usase mAMkha micaunI kaise khelI jaay| usa lar3akI meM dUsarA doSa yaha bhI thA ki vaha kahIM bhI jAkara chipe, para usake saudarya kI kAnti cAroM mora phaila jAne se vaha chipI nahIM raha sakatI hai| ina donoM kAraNoM se usa kanyA ko 'dRgmIlana keli' se nikAla diyA gayA-'jyASizA' / pauravaha becArI apane mukha tathA netroM ko kosa-kosa kara rone lgii| dUsare zloka meM koI maga zRGgAya se candramA meM baiThe hue maga ko sparza karate hue usase prArthanA kara rahA hai ki tuma hamAre vaMza ke bar3e-bUr3he guru ho, candramA tumhArA svAmI hai| usase mamata bhare hAtha ke dvArA vyAdha ke bANa se matakalpa merI priyA haranI ko punarjIvita kraado| isa prakAra kahate hue karuNAmayI prArthanA karane vAle mRga kI bhAMkhoM se mAMsU Tapakane lge| isa prakAra apanI dI huI donoM samasyAoM kI turanta prastuta kI gaI ina donoM sundara pUrtiyoM ko suna kara vizvezvara paNDita atyanta prasanna hue| sapaharSa nijApana se nipIyAzu puurite| maho ! bAnAti vizve'smin kavireva kaveH zramam //
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________________ kavi rAmacanakA pAtmapariSaya nATapa darpaNakAra rAmacandra kA yaha paricaya hamane anya logoM ke granthoM meM variNata sAmagrI ke prAdhAra para diyA thaa| aba mAge unakI svayaM dI huI sAmagrI ke AdhAra para unakA kucha paricaya prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| nATagharacanA ke niyamoM ke anusAra nATaka kI prastAvanA meM sUtradhAra ke mukha se pratyeka nATakakAra apane sambandha meM kucha paricaya detA hai : raGgaprasAda madhuraH zlokaH kAmyArthasUcakaiH / spakasya kaverAkhyAM gotrAdyapi sa kIrtayet / / sAhityadarpaNa 6-28 / isa niyama ke anusAra pratyeka nATaka ke prArambha meM kavi rAmacandra ne apanA paricaya diyA hai, parantu paricaya meM unhoMne apane gotrasthAna prAdi kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| apane sabhI nATakoM meM unhoMne kevala bhAcArya hemacandra sUri ke ziSya-rUpa meM hI apanA paricaya karAyA hai / isa lie unake ThIka janma sthAna, pitRnAma aura kula-gotrAdi kA koI paricaya hamako nahIM milatA hai| phira bhI unake apane vyaktitva ke paricaya karAne ke lie unakI svalikhita paryApta sAmagrI milatI hai| apane viSaya meM sabase lambA paricaya unhoMne kadAcit 'raghuvilAsa' kI prastAvanA meM diyA hai / vaha paricaya nimna prakAra hai ___ "mAriSa ! siddhahemacandrAbhiSAnazabdAnuzAsanavidhAnavedhasaH zrImadAcArya hemacandrasya ziSyaM rAmacandramabhijAnAsi ? candra0-- [sAkSepam paJcaprabandha miSapaJjamukhAnakena vidvanmanaHsadasi nRtyati yasya kItiH / vidyAtrayIcaNamacumbitakAvyatandra kastaM na veda sukRtI kila rAmacandram ? kintu dravyAlaGkAranAmA prabandho'nabhineyatvena tAvadAstAm / apareSAM rAghavAbhyudaya-yAdavAbhyudayanalavilAsa-raghuvilAsAnAM caturNA ramaNIyatama-sanddhyanivezAnAM vizadaprakRtInAM punarmadhye kutra prajAnAmanurAgaH ? [raghuvilAsa-prastAvanAyAm] yaha uddharaNa 'raghuvilAsa' ko prastAvanA se liyA gayA hai / isameM kavi rAmacandra ne apane pAMca pranthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inameM se prathama 'dravyAlaGkAra' grantha nyAyazAstra se sambandha rakhane vAlA grantha hai aura zeSa cAroM unake prasiddha nATaka hai / pA~ca granthoM ke ullekha se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki 'raghuvilAsa' kI racanAkAla taka ve isako milA kara pAMca granthoM kI racanA kara cuke the| mora unake kAraNa unakI paryApta khyAti ho gaI thii| isa pariSaya meM unhoMne apane ko 'vidyAtrayI caraNam' kahA hai| sAdhAraNa 'trayovidyA' pada se vedavidyA kA grahaNa hotA hai / kintu rAmacandra jaina vidvAna the isalie veda vidyA se unakA koI sambandha nahIM thaa| unhoMne jo 'vidhAtrayI' kA prayoga kiyA hai usase nyAya, vyAkaraNa tathA sAhitya vidyA kA grahaNa hotA hai / rAmacandra kA ina tInoM zAstroM ke Upara pUrNa adhikAra thA, isI lie unhoMne yahAM apane ko 'vidyAtrayIcaNam' tInoM vidyAoM meM nipuNa kaha kara apanA paricaya diyA hai / 'nATayadarpaNa-vivRti' ke anta meM * "zamalakSma-pramAlakSma-kAvyalakSma-kRtazramaH / vAgvilAsastrimArgoM nau, pravAha iva jAhna.jaH // "
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________________ likha kara unhoMne phira apane ko ina tInoM vidyAnoM kA paNDita sUcita kiyA hai| apanA hI nahIM apane prAcArya hemacandra kA bhI ina tIna zAstroM kA hI pANDitya 'nATapadarpaNa-vivRti' ke panta meM unhoMne isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai - "zabda-pramANa-sAhitya-chando-lakSma vidhAyinAm / zrIhemacandrapAdAnAM, prasAdAya namo nmH||" 'nATapadapaMNa vivRti' ke prArambha meM bhI . "prANAH kavitvaM vidyAnAM, lAvaNyamiva yoSitAm / vidyavedino'pyasmai, tato nityaM kRtspRhaaH||" nA0 80 1-9 isa zloka se unhoMne apane ko 'vidyavedinaH' kaha kara apanA paricaya diyA hai / 'sivahemazamdAnuzAsana' ke Upara 'nyAsa' TIkA likha kara unhoMne apane vyAkaraNazAstra ke pANDitya ko caritArtha kara diyA hai / apane 'dravyAlaMkAra vivRti' grantha dvArA nyAyazAstra ke pAraGgatatva ko, paura nATayadarpaNa evaM aneka nATakoM kI racanA dvArA apane sAhityazAstra niSNAtatva ko caritArtha kara dikhaayaa| unake granthoM ke par3hane se spaSTa hI pratIta hotA hai ki ve ina saba zAstroM ke prapUrva vidvAn the| isalie unakA 'vidya-veditva' kA abhiyAna yathArtha hI thaa| 2. nATaghadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ne apane nATakoM meM apanI svAtantrya-priyatA para bar3A bala diyA hai / unakI kAvyaracanA bilkula svatantra hai / kimI anya kavi kI kavitA prAdi kA unhoMne tanika bhI mAzraya nahIM liyA hai / isa bAta ko pradarzita karate hue nalavilAsa kI prastAvanA meM likhA hai ki "naTaH [vimRzya] bhAva ! ayaM kaviH svayamutpAdaka utAho paropajIvakaH ? sUtradhAraH-patrArthe tenaiva kavinA dattamuttaram janaH prajJAprAptaM padamatha padArtha ghaTayataH parAdhvAdhvanyAnu naH kathayatu girAM vatta niriyam / amAvAsyAyAmapyavikalavikAsIni kumudA nyayaM lokazcandravyatikaravikAsIni vadati // nilavilAsa 1-7] aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kisI mAlocaka ne rAmacandra ko gatAnugatika arthAt purAnI bAtoM kA hI varNana evaM anugamana karane vAlA kaha diyA thaa| usakA virodha karate hue isa zloka meM unhoMne yaha dikhalAyA hai ki 'hama to sadA apanI buddhi meM prasphuTita navIna padArthoM kI racanA karate haiM, phira bhI yadi hameM loga dUsaroM kA anugamana karane vAlA kahate haiM to kahane do| aisA to saMsAra meM kahA hI jAtA hai / dekho na ! saMsAra kumadoM ko candramA ke samparka se hI khilane vAlA kahatA hai / para ve kumuda to amAvasyA ke dina candramA ke na hone para bhI khilate hai| isalie cogoM kI bAta vizvAsa ke yogya nahIM hai| "mapi ca zapathapratyeyapadapadArthasambandheSu prItimAvadhAnaM anamavalokya jAtakhedena tenedaM cAbhihitam - spRhAM lokaH kAvye vahati jaraThaH kuNThitatamaH vobhirvAcyena pratikuTilena spputtite|
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________________ 'vayaM vIcI gAdu kathamapi na batAH punarimA miyaM cintA tastaralayati nityaM kimapi maa| purAnI zailI ke jina yamakAdi pradhAna aura citrakAvyoM kA artha bhI samajhAnA kaThina hotA hai, isa prakAra ke kAvyoM meM logoM kI vizeSa mabhiruci se khinna hokara rAmacandra ne yaha zloka likhA hai / usakA bhAva yaha hai ki hama isa prakAra ke svabhAvata: durjeya aura nikRSTa racanAzailI kA avalambana karane meM asamartha haiM / to loga hamAre kAvya ko pasanda kareMge yA ki nahIM yahI cintA hameM satA rahI hai / arthAt rAmacandra ne purAnI zailI kA avalambana karake hI apane nATakoM kI racanA nahIM kI hai / isalie gatAnugatika kevala purAnI lakIra ke fakIra nahIM hai lIka lIka gAr3I cale lokahi cala kapUta / tIna lIka para nA caleM zAyara zera sapUta " kavi rAmacandra to zAyara bhI hai aura sapUta bhI, isalie purAnI lIka para calane vAle kaise ho sakate haiM / sanakI racanAzalI citrakAvya kI kaThina zailI se sarvathA bhinna sarala aura subodha zaMlI hai| isIlie unakI racanA vizeSa rUpa se rasavatI bana par3I hai| isI bAta ko unhoMne nimna loka meM dikhalAyA hai prabandhAnApAtu navabhariNativedagdhyamadhurAnu vavIndrA nistandrAH kati nahi murAriprabhRtayaH / Rte rAmAnnAnyaH kimuta parakoTo ghaTayitu ra sAn nATayaprANAn paTuriti vitarko manasi nH| marthAta pavIna kalpanA aura uktiyoM se madhura kAvyoM kI racanA karane vAle murAri Adi na jAne kitane kadi hue haiN| kintu nATaya ke prANa bhUta rasoM kA caramotkarSa taka pahuMcAne meM samartha, racanA ko prastuta karane vAlA to rAmacandra ke atirikta koI dUsarA kavi dikhalAI nahIM detA hai| yaha to macandra ne apanI svataMtra racanAzalI kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kintu dUsare kaviyoM ke pada-padArtha kA mAharaNa karane vAle kaviyoM ko unhoMne bar3I kaTu mAlocanA kI hai| unakI aneka kRtiyoM meM isa ma haraNa-pravRtti ko nindA pAyI jAtI hai| unameM se kucha udAharaNa nimna kavitvaM parastAvat kalaGkaH pAThazAlinAm / bhanyakAvyaH kavisvaM tu kalakasyApi cUlikA / / [nATayadarpaNa-viyati 1-11] yaha loka nATa padapaNa vivRti ke mAdi meM likhA hai| isI prakAra isa vivRti ke anta meM bhI unhoMne likhA hai paropanItazabdArthAH, svanAmnA kutakIrtayaH / libadvAro'dhunA sena, ko nau klezamaveSyati ? mAjakala to loga dUsaroM ke zabda proM ko lekara apane nAma se prasiti prApta kara lete hai| jaba hama donoM arthAt nATayadarpaNakAra rAmacandra aura puNacandra ke usa kaSTa ko, jo unhoMne isa praya tathA anya anya kI racanA meM uThAyA hai kona samajha sakegA?
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________________ 'kaumudI mitrANanda' kI prastAvanA meM bhI unhoMne isI mAya ko nimna prakAra liyA hai paropanItazabdAH svanAmnA kutakIrtayaH / nibaddhAro'dhunA tena vizrAmasteSu yaH sAm / / kavi rAmacandra na kevala kAvya racanA ke kSetra meM apitu jIvana ke sabhI kSetroM meM svataMtratA ke upAsaka hai| apanI isa svAtantryaprigata kA paricA paneka sthAnoM para diyA hai / kucha udAharaNa nimna prakAra hai kA cet sarasaM kimarSamamRtaM. vo kuraMgIhazA pota kandarpavipANDagaNDaphalaka rAkAzAma kim ? svAtaMtrya yadi bIvisAvadhi muSA svabhUbhuvo vaibhave vaivI yadi povanabharA zItyA sarasyApi kim ? / / narUvilAsa 2-2] isake tIsare maraNa meM unhoMne pUrNa svataMtratA ke sAmane svarga mora tInoM lokoM ke vaibhava ko tuccha batalAyA hai| nalavilAsa ke chaThe patra meM unhoMne phira isa svAtaMtrya kI parcA kI hai anubhUtaM na yad yena rUpaM nArvati tasya saH / na svataMtro vyayo vetti parataMtrasya dehinH|| [nalavinAsa 6-7] pinastotra' ke rAta meM unhoMne svAtaMtrya-mahimA kA bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai 'svataMtrI deva ! bhUyAsaM sArameyo'pi.varmani / mA sma bhUvaM parAyattastrisokasyApi nAyakaH // he deva ! maiM cAhatA hU~ ki meM svataMtra rii| bhale hI galI kA kuttA bana kara rhuuN| parAdhIna ho kara meM tInoM lokoM kA rAjA bhI bananA nahIM cAhatA huuN| yaha svAtatrya-priyatA kA carama rUpa hai / satyaharizcandra kI prastAvanA meM bhI unhoMne likhA hai sUktayo rAmacandrasya, vasantaH, kalagItayaH / svAtaMtrya, iSTayogazca paMcate. harSasRSTayaH // 1 rAmacandra kI sUktiyAM, 2 vasanta, 3 sundara gAna, 4 svataMtratA ra iSTa kA yoga ye pAMcoM bastueM mAnanda evaM sukha kI sRSTi karane vAlI hai| "prApya svAtaMtryalakSmI mudamatha vahAM zAzvatI yAdavendraH" yAdavAmyudara] "prApya svAtaMtryalakamI manumavatu murda zAzvatI bhiimsenH|" . nirbhaya bhImayAyoga] "prajAtagaNanAH samAH paramatA svataMtro bhv|" [namavilAsa, tathA atyaharicandra] 'bhAzApa yazomavamI parI svataMtrazciraM bhUyAH" . ..kaumudImitrANada] "nAmyAsAM yavIcyaMta ciraM sarvArtha sidi hadi" [mAnadhArAnte]
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________________ kavi rAmacandra ke pradha prastuta nATapadarpaNa anya ke lekhaka rAmacandra kI 'prabandhazatakartA' ke rUpa meM vizeSa rUpa se prasiddhi hai| unhoMne svayaM prameka granthoM meM apane ko sau anyoM kA nirmAtA 'pranbadhazatakartA' batalAyA hai / 'kaumudImitrANanda' ko prastAvanA meM 'prabandhazatavidhAnaniSNAtabuddhinA' ityAdi dvArA spaSTa rUpa se apane ko 100 granyoM kA nirmAtA batalAyA hai| isI prakAra nirbhayabhImavyAyoga' kI prastAvanA meM 'prabandhazataka mahAkave rAmacandrasya' ina zabdoM meM apane ko prabandhazatakartA ghoSita kiyA hai| kintu durbhAgya se unake saba anya upalabdha nahIM ho rahe hai| choTe-choTe 'stava' Adi taka ko milAkara isa samaya taka unakI kevala 39 kRtiyAM upalabdha huI haiN| unameM se hamAre jJAna meM kevala chaH grantha prakAzita hue haiM, jinake nAma nimna prakAra hai 1. nATaghadarpaNa [bar3odA se prakAzita 2. nalavilAsa nATaka [bar3odA se prakAzita] 3. kaumudImitrANanda [mAtmAnanda sabhA bhAvanagara se prakAzita] 4. nirbhayabhImavyAyoga [yazo jaina granthamAlA se prakAzita 5. satyazrIharizcandranATaka [nirNaya sAgara bambaI se prakAzita] 6. kumAravihArazataka [bhA0 prA0 sabhA se prakAzita) hamAre jJAna meM ina chaH prakAzita granthoM ke atirikta rAmacandra ke nAma se nimna sAta aprakAzita grantha aura milate haiM jinakA ullekha nATayadarpaNa meM pAyA jAtA hai 7. mallikAmakarandaMprakaraNam [nA0 60 meM uddhRta] 8. yAdavAbhyudayaM nATakam nA. da. meM uddhRta] 9. raghuvilAsa-nATakam (nA0 da0 meM uddhRta] 10. rAghavAbhyudaya-nATakam [nA0 da0 meM uddhRta] 11. rohiNImRgAra-prakaraNam [nA0 da meM uddhRta) 12. vanamAlAnATikA [nA0 da0 meM uddhRta] 13. sudhAkalazaH [nA0 da0 meM uddhRta] 14. dravyAlaGgAra [gghuvilAsa prastAvanA meM uddhRta] 15 yaduvilAsa [raghuvilAsa prastAvanA meM udRta] inake atirikta kavi rAmacandra ke nimna grantha aura upalabdha hote haiN| ve saba choTechoTe stava rUpa haiM 16. yugAdidevadvAtriMzikA 17. vyatirekadvAtrizikA 18. prasAdadAtrizikA 19. prAdidevastavaH 20. munisuvratadevastavA 21. nemistavaH 22. jinastotrANi 23. haimabRhadvRttinyAsaH 24-36 taka solaha sAdhAraNa jina staba
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________________ mAnyatA kA abhizApa rAmacandra ke jIvana kA antima bhAva du:khamaya hI rahA / isakA kAraNa unakA pranyA ho pAnA thaa| 'pramAvaka-parita' ke anusAra to maNahila-maTTana ke rAjA jayasiMha siddharAja ke samaya meM hI unakI dAhinI mAMsa naSTa ho gaI thii| isa bAta kA varNana prabhAvaka-carita meM nimna prakAra kiyA gayA hai "upAyayAzritasyAsya mahApIThApuraHsaram / vyanazara dakSiNa : ........ ....." karmaprAmANyamAlocya te shiitiibhuutcetsaa| sthitAstatra paturmAsImAsInAstapasi sthire / " parthAt kabhI caturmAsa ke avasara para kavi rAmacandra kI pokha. dukhane bhAI aura pratyanta pIr3A dene ke bAda unakI dAhinI mAMsa jAtI rahI / rAmacandra ne use apane karmoM kA doSa kahakara santoSa kiyaa| bhora pUrvavat tapo'nuSThAna karate hue cAturmAsya ko vahIM pUrNa kiyaa| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha ghaTanA unake mukhya 15-16 anyoM ke racanA-kAla ke bAda huI hai| paura usane unakI kArya-paddhati evaM pravRtti ko hI badala diyA hai / isa durghaTanA ke bAda ve anya granthoM ko chor3a kara kevala stavoM kI racanA meM laga ge| hamAre isa anumAna kA kAraNa yaha hai ki unake svavoM meM aneka jagaha dRSTi-dAna kI prArthanA pAI jAtI hai| 'nimistava' ke anta meM unhoMne likhA hai neme ! niSehi nizitAsilatAbhirAma ! candrAvadAtamahasaM mayi deva! huSTim / sayastamAMsi vitatAnyapi yAntu nAza mujjambhatAM sapadi zAzvatikaH prakAzaH / / isameM spaSTataH dRSTidAna kI prArthanA kI gaI hai / 'SoDaza SoDazikA' ke anta meM bhI kucha isI prakAra kI prArthanA nimna zloka meM kI gaI hai| svAminnanantaphalakalpataro'tirAma ! candrAvadAta caritAJcitavizvapakra! zakastutAMghrisarasIruha ! duHsthasAthai, deva ! prasIda karuNAM kuru dehi dRSTim / / Upara hamane 'prabhAvaka parita' ke jo zloka uddhRta kie the yadyapi 'dhyanazad dakSiNaM pakSuH' kevala dakSiNa cakSu ke nAza kI bAta kahI gaI thI kintu vastuta: unakI eka hI cakSu naSTa nahIM huI thI apitu ve donoM netroM se vihIna andhe ho gae the| isIlie ina saba ilokoM meM unhoMne dRSTidAna kI prArthanA kI hai| 'vyatirekadvAtrizikA' ke anta meM to unhoMne apane vidhinatAvya' arthAt devAt prApta huI bhanyatA kA ullekha kiyA hai| aura isake sAtha hI 'galattanutA' parSAta vAkya kA bhI saMketa karate hue likhA hai jagati pUrvaviviniyoga vidhinatAndhya-galattanutA'dikam / sakalameva vikhumpati yaH kSaNAta abhinavaH zivamuSTikaraH satAm //
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________________ itkAramakAraNakasuhadaM vizvasya pAvaM jinaM taM stotustrijagadilakSaNa guNagrAmAbhirAmAkRtim / yaH kazcid vikacIbabhUva bata me bhAgyAtirekastataH tallokavyatiriktamuktiguvatipremapramodotsavaH // ina donoM zlokoM meM se prathama loka meM granthakAra ne pArzvadeva kI stuti kI hai aura unake anugraha se 'vidhinatAnya' aura 'galattanutA' ke nAza kI bhAzA prakaTa kI hai| dUsare zloka meM bhI unhIM pArzvanAtha kI stuti karate hue isIprakAra apane 'bhAgyAtireka' ke 'vikacIbhavana' kI carcA kI hai / yoM bhancha tA jIvana kA abhizApa hai| kintu usameM bAhya vRttiyoM kA nirodha hokara manuSya kI vRttiyAM svayaM antarmukhI bana jAtI hai aura usake bhItara bhagavAna ke prati prema kA udaya ho jAtA hai yaha acchI bAta hai| isa dUsare zloka meM rAmacandra ne apane usI 'bhAgyAtireka' ke "vikacIbhavana' ko pramodotsava' kaha kara prapanA santoSa vyakta kiyA hai| pranthakAra ke jIvana kI antima jhAMkI mAcArya hemacandra ke jIvana kI mantima jhAMkI hama dekha cuke haiN| jisa samaya 'mahilapaTTana' ke rAjA kumArapAla apane uttarAdhikArI ke nirNaya ke sambandha meM parAmarza karane ke lie prAcArya hemacandra ke AvAsa-sthAna para parAmarza kara rahe the, usa samaya pAcArya ke panyAnya ziSyoM ke sAtha rAmacandra bhI upasthita the| usa samaya prajayapAla ko rAjya kA uttarAdhikArI na banAne kA jo parAmarza prAcArya hemacandra kI bhora se diyA gayA thA usameM rAmacandra kA vizeSa hAtha thaa| mAcArya hemacandra ke ziSyoM meM rAmacandra kA pratidvandvI pora mana hI mana unase dveSa rakhane vAlA usakA sahapAThI bAlacandra bhI thaa| usane hI ajayapAla ke pAsa jAkara rAmacandra kI cug2alI karake ajayapAla ko rAmacandra kA zatru banA diyA thaa| isalie jaisA ki hama pahile par3ha cuke haiM aba ajayapAla rAjA banA to usane rAmacandra ko bulA kara garma lohe kI cAdara ke Upara biThA kara unako maravA DAlA / rAmacana kI isa nRzaMsa hatyA ke pUrva majayapAla ne kahA thA ki mahivIDhaha sacarAcaraha jiNa siri dilhA paay| tamu pratthamaratu diNesaraha houta hoi cirAya // ' [mahIpIThasya sacarAcarasya yena zirasi dattAH pAdAH / tasyAstamanaM dinezvarasya bhavitavyaM bhavati cirAya // ] arthAt jo mAre carAcara jagat ke sira para paira rakhakara calatA hai usa dinezvara sUrya kA anta meM cirakAla ke lie prasta ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra mAja hamAre sira para paira rakhane kA yatna karane vAle isa rAmacandra kA anta ho rahA hai| rAmacandra ke sahakArI gamAvandra prastuta 'nATyadarpaNa' grantha kI racanA meM rAmacandra ke sAtha guNacandra kA bhI nAma mAtA hai / arthAt isa grantha kI racanA rAmacandra guNacandra donoM ne mila kara kI hai| inameM se rAmacandra ke jIvana kA vRttAnta Upara diyA gayA hai / kintu guNacandra ke viSaya meM kucha adhika paricaya nahIM milatA hai / kevala itanA vidita hotA hai ki ye rAmacandra ke sahapAThI ghaniSTa mitra bhaura prAcArya hemacandra ke ziSya the| inhoMne apane tIsare sAthI varSamAnagaNi ke sAtha somaprabhAcArya racita 'kumArapAla pratibodha' kA zravaNa kiyA thaa| isa bAta kA ullekha karane vAle do zloka hama pRSTha 8
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________________ para ur3ata kara cuke haiN| unameM 'varSamAna-guNacandragaNibhyAM' pada meM guNacandragaNi pada se inhIM nATyadarpaNa vivRttikAra guNacandra kA hI saMketa kiyA gayA hai / ina guNacandra ne rAmacandra ke sAtha milakara do granthoM kI racanA kI hai| eka to yahI prastuta 'nATyadarpaNa' grantha aura dUsarA isI prakAra kA 'dravyAlaGkAravRtti' grantha hai / ye donoM grantha rAmacandra tathA guNacandra kI sammilita kRtiyAM hai| ina sammilita do kRtiyoM ke atirikta rAmacandra kI to 37 svatantra kRtiyAM mora pAI jAtI. kintu guNacandra kI ora koI kRti nahIM pAI jAtI hai / guNacandra ke viSaya meM itanA hI varNana upalabdha hotA hai| ho mATavarpaNa prastuta nATyadarpaNa grantha rAmacandra-guraNacandra kA banAyA huA hai| yaha cAra 'vivekoM' meM vibhakta hai / mUla grantha kArikA rUpa meM likhA gayA hai / usake Upara granthakAroM ne svayaM hI vivRtti likhI hai / grantha meM kula 207 kArikAeM haiN| 'raghunAtha' ne 'vikAmorvazIya' kI TokAyeM aura 'bhartRmalika' ne 'bhaTTikAvya' kI TIkA meM 'nATyadapaMkha' kA ullekha kiyA hai / kintu vaha nATayadarpaNa prakRta grantha se bilkula bhinna pratIta hotA hai / isa anumAna kA kAraNa yaha hai ki bhartR malika ne 'bhaTTikAvya' [14-2] kI TIkA meM nATyadarpaNa se 'zuddhatAmramayI madhyazu SirA kAhalA mateti nATyadarpaNe' likhakara nATyadarpaNa kA zloka uddhRta kiyA hai kintu yaha zloka prastuta nATa padarpaNa meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| yahI nahIM apitu prastuta nATyadarpaNa meM aisA koI prakaraNa nahIM hai jisameM isa zloka kI khapata ho sakatI ho| isa zloka meM 'kAlA' nAmaka vAdya kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai kintu prastuta nATayadarpaNa meM vAdya kI carcA karane vAlA koI bhI prakaraNa nahIM AyA hai / taba yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhaTTikAvya [sarga 14-2] meM uddhRta zloka rAmacandra-guNacandra kRta nATayadarpaNa se bhinna kisI anya hI nATayadarpaNa se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra raghunAtha ne vikramorvazIya TIkA meM nATyadarpaNa kA eka uddharaNa nimna prakAra diyA hai patra ca samAsoktyA pUrvoktaprakAreNa kAvyArthaprakAzanAt patrAvalI samAkhyeyaM naandii| tathAcokta nATyadarpaNakRtA tasyAM bIjasya vinyAso hyabhineyasya vastunaH / zleSeNa vA samAsoktyA nAmnA patrAvalI tu sA // [vikramorvazIya pR0 7 ni0 sAgara] isa zloka meM nAndI ke 'patrAvalI' nAmaka vizeSa bheda kA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai kintu prastuta nATyadarpaNa meM yaha nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki rAmacandra guNacandra kRta prastuta nATya darpaNa ke atirikta koI aura bhI nATya darpaNa rahA hogA jisase ki ukta zloka uddhRta kie gae hoNge| nATyazAstra aura nATya darpaNa prastuta nATya darpaNa grantha kA mUla prAdhAra bharatamuni kRta nATyazAstra hai| para nATayazAstra eka bar3A vistIrNa grantha hai / use samasta lalita kalAmoM kA vizvakoza kahA jA sakatA hai| nATaya darpaNa kA kSetra usakI apekSA bahuta choTA hai / nATyazAstra ke 18veM adhyAya meM dazarUpakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / mukhyataH usI ke bhASAra para rAmacandra-guNa candra ne apane isa granya kI
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________________ ( 20 ) racanA kI hai / rAmacandra-candra ke pahile isI prakAra ke 'dazarUpaka' nAmaka eka gramya kI racanA 'jaya' kara cuke the| prastuta grantha usI kI pratidvandvitA meM likhA gayA pratIta hotA hai| isakI bhUmi meM rAjanIti ko pratispardhA kI preraNA rahI ho to bhI kucha prAzcarya nahIM hai / dazarUpakakAra dhanajaya mAlava nareza muJja ke sabhA paNDita the / rAmacandra guraNacandra gurjarezvara ke paNDita the| gujarAta pora mAlavA rAjyoM kA sadA saMgharSa rahatA thA / unameM dIrghakAla taka yuddha bhI calate rahe ye| isalie gaurava-prApti ke hara kSetra meM donoM rAjyoM kI pratispardhA calatI rahatI thii| isI pratispardhA ke kAraNa mAlavAdhIza ke grAzraya meM nirmita 'dazarUpaka' kI pratispardhA meM isa nATapadarpaNa kI racanA huI ho, yaha sarvathA sambhAvita hai| hama prAge yaha dekheMge ki nATaghavalakAra me prAyaH 13 sthaloM para dazarUpakakAra ke mata kA ullekha kiyA hai kintu eka bhI sthAna para unakA nAmataH nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai / 'anye', 'kecit' prAvi sarvanAma zabdoM se pUrvapakSa prastuta kara usakA khaNDana kiyA hai| para usa dazarUpaka vAle prakaraNa ko prArambha karane ke pahile hama bharata ke nATakazAstra bhaura nATyadarpaNa ke viSaya meM kucha vicAra kara lenA cAhate haiM / nATyadarpaNa kI racanA yadyapi bharatamuni ke nATayazAstra ke bhAdhAra para kI gaI hai kintu rAmacandra guraNacandra ne aneka sthaloM para bharatamuni se apanA mata bheda prakaTa kiyA hai| isa prakAra ke do udAharaNa hama nIce dete haiM kA varNana karate hue nATaghadarpaNakAra ne "grasma ca pUrvaraGgasya pratyAhArAdInyAsAritAntAni navAntarjavanikaM gItakAdIni 'prarocanAntAni ca daza bahirjavanikamaGgAni prayojyAni 'pUrvAcAryaH' lakSitAni / prasmAbhistu . svato lokaprasiddhatvAt tannyAsakramasya niSphalatvAt vividhadevatA paritoSarUpasya tatphalasya ca zraddhAlupratAraNamAtratvAdupekSitAni / prarocanA tu pUrva raGgAGgabhUtA'pi nATye pravRttI pradhAnamaGgamiti lakSyate / " 1. tRtIya viveka meM 'prarocanA' likhA hai ki - isameM 'pUrvAcAryaiH' pada se bharata muni kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai| bharata muni ne pUrva raGga ke 12 bhaGgoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| jinameM se 1 javanikA ke bhItara bhora daza javanikA ke bAhara kie jAte haiN| nATyadarpaNakAra ne inameM se kevala eka praGga 'prarocanA' ko liyA hai, zeSa 18 maGga ko chor3a diyA hai / unake chor3a dene ke tIna kAraNa yahA~ dikhalAe hai : 1. svato lokaprasiddhatvAta, 2. tannyAsakramasya niSphalatvAt auaura 3. vividha devatA paritoSarUpasya tatphalasya ca zraddhAluprasAraNamAtratvAt / 2. isa sthala para nATayadarpaNakAra ne bharata muni se apanA matabheda prakaTa kiyA hai / isI prakAra kA eka aura sthala bhAratI vRtti ke vivecana meM mAyA hai / vRttiyoM ke nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM nATyazAstra ke 20 veM adhyAya meM nimna zloka bhAyA hai- raudre bhayAnake caiva vizepArabhaTI durghaH / bIbhatse karuNe caiva bhAratI samprakIrtitA / / [ nATaghazAstra 20 - 64 ] isake anusAra kevala bIbhatsa tathA karuNa rasoM meM 'bhAratI vRti' kA prayoga bharatamuni ko prabhipreta pratIta hotA hai / kintu usI 20veM pradhyAya meM isake pUrva 47vAM zloka nimna prakAra mAyA hai
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________________ ( 21 ) bevAstathAstu vikSayAratyAropamA prarocanAmukhaM caiva vIpI prahasanaM tathA [pApazAstra 4-01] isa zloka meM prarocanA, mAmukha mAdi ko usa mAratA vRtti kA bheda batalAyA gayA hai| prarocanA, bhAmukha bhAdi kA to bIbhatsa tathA karuNa ke atirikta anya rasoM se bhI sambandha hai| isalie bharatamuni ke ina vacanoM meM virodha pratIta hotA hai / isakI AlocanA karate hue nATapadarpaNakAra ne likhA hai ki ___ "ye tu bhAratyAM bIbhatsa-karaNI prapanAH, ta: sarasabIpI-pradhAnazRGgAravIramANapradhAnahAsyaprahasanAni svayameva bhAratyAmeva vRttI niyaMtritAni nAvekSitAni / " 'ye tu' se yahAM bharatamuni kA grahaNa hai / jina bharatamuni ne bhAratI vRtti meM bhI matsa tathA karuNa rasa kA samAveza mAnA hai, unhoMne svayaM hI sarvarasAvIthI, aura aGgAra. yA vIra rasa jisameM mukhya hai isa prakAra ke bhANa tathA hAsyarasa jisameM pradhAna rahatA hai una prahasanoM kI bhAratI vRtti meM racanA kA jo nizcaya pahile kiyA hai, usakI upekSA kara dI hai / prata: unake isa kayana meM 'vaktovyAghAta' doSa pAtA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki jahAM prAyazyakatA par3I hai vahAM nATyadarpaNakAra ne bharatamuni kI mAlocanA bhI kI hai| nATyarpaNa aura bazarUpaka nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra ne apane isa granya meM prAyaH 13 bAra 'manye' 'kecit pAdi zabdoM se apane pUrvavartI mATaghalakSaNakAra dhanaJjaya ke dazarUpaka kA ullekha kiyA hai / inameM se do sthAnoM para to unake mata ko pAlocanA karate hue unheM 'na munisamayAdhyavasAyinaH' aura parasampradAyavandhyaH ' arthAt bharatamuni ke abhiprAya ko na samajha sakane vAlA kahA hai| zeSa 11 sthaloM para mukhasandhi prAdi ke paloM ke viviSa lakSaNoM meM apane lakSaNoM se dazarUpaka meM visAe gae lakSaNoM meM jo bheda pAyA jAtA hai usakA pradarzana karAyA hai| jina do sthaloM para rAmacandrapuNacandra ne dhanamjaya ko 'na munisamayAdhyavasAyinaH' bharata muni ke mata ko na samajhane vAlA batalAyA hai unameM se eka sthala nATaka-lakSaNa ke avasara para aura dUsarA prakaraNa-lakSaNa ke avasara para pAyA hai| 1. nATaka ke lakSaNa meM nATapadarpaNakAra ne 'khyAtAgharAjacaritaM' [kArikA 5] yaha eka vizeSaNa diyA hai / isake anusAra kisI itihAsa-prasiddha pUrvavartI rAjA ke carita kA avalambana karake ho nATaka kI racanA karanI cAhie / arthAt itihAsa-prasiddha pUrvakAlIna rAjA hI nATaka kA nAyaka ho sakatA hai| isake bAda agalI chaThI kArikA meM dhIrodAtta, dhIrokhata, dhIralalita tathA dhIraprazAnta ye cAra prakAra ke nAyaka-svabhAva batalA kara pratyeka ke uttama, madhyama do bheda kie hai| isa prakAra svabhAvabheda ke mAdhAra para nAyaka ke 6 bheda ho jAte haiM / isase pagalI sAtavIM kArikA meM yaha dikhalAyA hai ki 'devA dhIroddhatA:' devatA loga dhIroddhata svabhAva ke hote hai| dhIrodAttA: sainyezamantriNaH' senApati tathA mantrI dhIrodAtta svabhAva ke hote hai| 'dhIrazAntA pariNaviprAH' vaNik pora vipra dhIraprazAnta svabhAva ke hote haiM / aura anta meM 'rAjAnastu caturvidhAH' rAjA cAroM prakAra ke svabhAva vAle hote haiM, yaha kahA hai| isake anusAra nATaka kA nAyaka cAroM prakAra ke svabhAva vAlA ho sakatA hai|
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________________ ( 22 ) dazarUpakAra ne jo nATaka kA lakSaNa kiyA hai usameM 'dhIrodAttaH pratApavAn' [3-22] nAyaka kA dhIrodAta honA Avazyaka batalAyA hai| arthAt dazarUpakakAra ke anusAra nATaka kA nAyaka kevala dhIrodAtta hI ho sakatA hai anya nahIM / isa viSaya para nATyadarpaNakAra kA dazarUpakakAra se mata bheda hai / nATaghadarpaNakAra dhIralalita yAdi ko bhI nATaka kA nAyaka mAnate haiM / dazarUpakakAra kevala dhIrodAtta ko hI mAnate haiM / dhIralalita Adi ko nahIM maante| isI kAraNa rAmacandra-guNacandra ne dazarUpaka kA khaNDana karate hue likhA hai ' [ 'rAjAna' iti] bahuvacanAda vyaktibhedena catuHsvabhAvo nATakasya netA / na punarekasyAM vyaktI, ekatra prAdhAnyena svabhAvacatuSkasya varNayitumazakyatvAditi / pradhAnanAyakasya pAyaM niyamaH / gauNanetRNaM tu svabhAvAntaramapi pUrvasvabhAvatyAgena nibadhyate / ye tu nATakasya netraM dhIrodAttameva pratijAnate, na te munisamayAdhyavagAhinaH / nATakeSu dhIralalita dInAmapi nAmakAnAM darzanAt, kavisamayabAhyAzca / [ nATyadarpaNa 1-0 ] isa uddharaNa meM nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'kevala dhIrodAtta ko nATaka kA nAyaka mAnane se bharatamuni ke mata ko na samajhane vAlA kahA hai / bharata muni ne jo nATaka kA lakSaraNa kiyA hai vaha nimna prakAra hai- prakhyAtavastuviSayaM prakhyAtodAttanAyakaM caiva / rAjarSidezyacaritaM tathaiva divyAzrayopetam // nAnAvibhUti saMyutamRddhivilAsAdibhirguNaizcaiva / pravezakADhyaM bhavati hi tannATakaM nAma / [ nATyazAstra a018, 10-11] bharatamuni ke isa nATaka lakSaNa meM spaSTa rUpase 'prakhyAtodAttanAyaka' pada se nATaka meM udAtta nAyaka kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isI ke prAdhAra para dhanaJjaya ne 'dazarUpaka' meM 'dhIrodAttaH pratApavAn' Adi likhA hai / kintu rAmacandra use bharatamuni ke gata ko samajhane vAlI bAta kahate haiM / yaha bAta kucha aTapaTI sI pratIta hotI hai / nATyazAstra ke vartamAna saMskaraNoM meM upalabdha pATha ke anusAra to dazarUpaka kA mata bharata kA anugAmI ho hai virodhI nahIM / sambhava hai rAmacandra - guNacandra ke pAsa nATyazAstra kA jo saMskaraNa rahA ho usameM kucha anya prakAra kA pATha pAyA jAtA ho / yadi usa pATha ko jisake AdhAra para ve dazarUpakakAra ko bharatamuni ke matako na samajhane vAlA kaha rahe haiM, yahA~ de diyA hotA to bAta adhika spaSTa ho jAtI, usake binA nATyadarpaNakAra kI bAta spaSTa raha jAtI hai / parantu isa viSaya meM nATyadarpaNakAra ne dUsarI bAta yaha bhI likhI hai ki- 'nATakeSu dhIralalitAdInAmapi nAyakAnAM darzanAt kavisamayabAhyAzca' / arthAt nATakoM meM dhIra lalita zrAdi nAyaka bhI pAe jAte haiM, ataH dazarUpakakAra kA mata kavi sampadAya ke viparIta bhI hai| yaha bAta kucha adhika spaSTa hai / (2) nATyadarpaNakAra dvArA kI gaI dazarUpaka kI AlocanA kA dUsarA prasaGga 'prakaraNa' ke lakSaNa meM prAyA hai| 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa 'dazarUpaka' meM nimna prakAra kiyA gayA hai"atha prakaraNe vRttamutpAdyaM lokasaMzrayam / amAtya vipra-vaNijAmekaM kuryAcca nAyakam //
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________________ ( arer pIraprazAsa zeSa noTakavata, ## ) dharmakAmAyeM tatparam / sandhi pravezakarasAdikam i vazarUpaka 3-39, 40j isa lakSaNa ke anusAra 'prakaraNa' meM dhIraprazAnta svabhAva vAle amAtya, vipra yA after meM se kisI eka ko nAyaka banAnA cAhie yaha prayaM nikalatA hai / kintu nATaghadarpaNakAra isa bAta se sahamata nahIM hai| unake mata meM pramAttha ke sAtha dhIraprazAnta vizeSaraNa saMgata nahIM hotA hai| prathama viveka kI sAtavIM kArikA meM ve pahile hI likha cuke hai ki 'dhIrodAttaH saMnyedhamantriraNa : ' senApati dhaura bhramAtya dhIrodAta hI hote haiN| arthAt bhramAtya sadA dhIrodAtta honA cAhie | 'zrIrazAntA variNaviprAH' vaNik aura vitra to dhIrazAnta hote haiM, kintu dhamAtya dhIraprazAnta nahIM dhIrodAtta hotA hai| isalie dazarUpakakAra ne jo amAtya ko 'prakaraNa' kA tazyaka mAna kara 'vIrazAnta' usakA vizeSaNa diyA hai vaha ucita nahIM hai| isI bAta ko nATyadarpaNa kAra ne nimna prakAra likhA hai "saciva rAjyacintakaH / prayaM vaNig-viprayormadhyapAtyapi dhIrodAtta - dhIraprazAntI karaNe netArau bhavataH iti pratipAdanArthaM pRthagupAtaH / yastvamAtyaM netAramabhyupagamya dhIraprazAntaMnAyakamiti prakaraNaM vizeSayati, sa vRddhasampradAyavandhyaH / " [ nATyadarpaNa 2 - 1] saciva arthAt amAtya rAjya kA cintaka prarthAt prabandha karane vAlA hotA hai / yadyapi vipra tathA daNik ke bhItara hI isa amAtya kA bhI prantarbhAva ho sakatA hai arthAt vipra yA variNak maiM se hI koI amAtya hotA hai| isalie yadi usakA alaga grahaNa na kiyA jAtA to bhI kAma cala sakatA thaa| phira bhI usakA malaga grahaNa isalie kiyA gayA hai ki amAtya dhIrodAtta hotA hai aura vaNik vipra donoM dhIraprazAnta hote haiN| isalie zramAtya ke pRthag grahaNa se yaha abhiprAya nikalA ki prakaraNa meM dhIrodAsa tathA dhIraprazAnta donoM prakAra nAyaka ho sakate hU~ / isa dazA meM dazarUpakakAra ne 'prakaraNa' meM amAtya ko nAyaka mAnate hue mA jo 'dhIraprazAnsa' vizeSaNa dvArA 'prakaraNa' meM 'dhIraprazAnta' ke hI nAyaka hone kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, vaha ucita nahIM hai| ina do sthaloM para to nATyadarpaNakAra ne dazarUpakakAra ke mata kI AlocanA kI hai / kintu inake atirikta prAyaH 11 sthala aise haiM jinameM mukha sandhi Adi ke zraGgoM ke lakSaNoM meM nATyadarpaNa tathA dazarUpaka meM bheda pAyA jAtA hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne aise sthaloM para apanA lakSaNa dene ke bAda 'pranye' Adi padoM se dazarUpaka ke lakSaNa bhI dikhA die haiN| ina 11 sthaloM ko hama nIce de rahe haiM / 1. mukha sandhi ke paJcama bhaGga 'udbha eda' kA lakSaNa nATyadarpaNa meM 'svalpaprarohaudbheda:' kiyA gayA hai [kA0 1-43 ] / dazarUpaka meM usake sthAna para 'ubhedo gUDhabhedanam ' [deza0 10:9] kiyA gayA hai / nATyadarpaNa kI vivRti meM isI kA ullekha 'anye tu gUDha bhedanamubhedamAmananti' isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai / 2. nATyadarpaNa meM mukha sandhi kA AThavAM praGga bhedana mAnA gayA hai / usakA lakSaNa 'bhedanaM pAtra nirgama:' [kA0 1-44] kiyA gayA hai| dazarUpaka meM usakA lakSaNa 'bhedaH protsAhanA matA' [ kA0 1- 29 ] isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'manye tu bhedaM protsAhanamAhuH'
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________________ ( 24 ) lila kara isI bheda ko darzAyA hai| isI prasaGga meM nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'manye tu saMhatAnAM pratipakSANAM bIjaphalotpattinirodhakAnAM vizleSakaM bhedarUpamupAyaM bhedanaM manyante' isa rUpa meM bheda ke tutIya lakSaNa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / mukha sandhi ke ina do maGgoM ke lakSaNoM ke viSaya meM rAmacandra tathA dhananjaya kA matabheda hai| mAge 'pratimukha sandhi' ke maGgoM ke viSaya meM donoM kA matabheda dikhalAte hai| 3. 'pratimukha sandhi' kA pAMcavAM bhaGga 'vaNaMsaMhRti' hai| usakA lakSaNa nATyadarpaNa meM 'pAtroSo varNasaMhatiH' [phA0 148] kiyA gayA hai| dazarUpaka meM usake sthAna para 'cAtu yopagamanaM varNasaMhAra iSyate' [1-35] yaha lakSaNa kiyA hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne isI bheda ko 'anye tu varNAnAM brAhmaNAdInAM dvayostrayANAM catuNA vA ekatra mIlanaM varNasaMhAramAcakSate' isa prakAra dikhalAyA hai| 4. 'pratimukha sandhi' kA sAtavAM mana 'narmadyuti' hai / isakA lakSaNa nATyadarpaNa meM 'doSAvRto tu tadyutiH', [kA0 46] kiyA hai / dazarUpaka meM usake sthAna para 'parihAsavaco narma, vRtistajjA dyutirmatA' [kA0 1-33] yaha lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne anye tu narmabAM puti cutimAhuH' ina zabdoM meM isa bheda ko dikhalAyA hai| 5. 'garbha sandhi' kA tIsarA aGga 'rUpa' hai| usakA lakSaNa 'nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'paM nAnArthasaMzayaH' kiyA hai / dazarUpaka meM 'rUpaM vitakaMvad vAkyam' yaha 'rUpa' kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'anye tvadhIyate rUpaM vitarkavad vAkyam iti' [pRSTha 147] isa spa isa bheda ko pradarzita kiyA hai| isI prasaGga meM 'manye tu citrArtha rUpakaM vacaH' [pRSTha 148] ina zabdoM meM kisI tIsare lakSaNa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / 6. garbha sandhi' kA chaThA paGga 'krama' hai| nATyadarpaNa meM usakA lakSaNa 'mo bhAvasya nirNayaH [kA0 1-54] kiyA gayA hai / dazarUpaka meM 'kramaH saMcintyamAnAptiH' [-] yaha ma kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai ! nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'kramaH saMcintyamAnAptiH ityAhuH' likhakara isa bheda ko dikhalAyA hai / 'anye tu bhaviSya darthatattvopalabdhi kramamicchanti' ina zabdoM meM kama kA tIsarA lakSaNa nI nATyadarpaNakAra ne dikhalAyA hai| 7. 'avamarza sandhi kA pAMcavA maga 'chAdana' hai / nATyadarpaNa meM usakA lakSaNa 'chAdanaM manyumArjanam [kA0 1-58] kiyA gayA hai| dazarUpaka meM 'chAdana' ke sthAna 'chalana' maGga pAyA gayA hai| nATyadarpaNakAra ne isakA ullekha 'madhye tyasya sthAne chalanaM avamAnanarUpamAhaH' ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai / isake atirikta (1) 'manye tu kAryArthamasamasyApyarthasya sahanaM chApanamicchanti / ' (2) 'apare tu chalanaM sammohamicchanti' isa rUpa meM chAdana praGga ke viSaya meM do matoM kA ullekha [pR0 166] pora kiyA hai / 8. 'avamarza sandhi' kA chaThA praGga 'puti' hai / nATyadarpaNa meM usakA lakSaNa 'tiraskAro dyutiH' (kA0 59] kiyA gayA hai| dazarUpaka meM 'tarjanodvejane dyutiH' [1-46] isa prakAra 'dhuti' kA lakSaNa kiyA hai / isa mantara kA ullekha karate hue nATyadarpaNa meM likhA hai'tarjanojanaM dyuti kecidicchanti' isake sAtha hI 'apare tu tarjanAdharSaNe yuti manyante' isa rUpa meM 'ati' ke tIsare lakSaNa kA bhI ullekha nATyadarpaNakAra ne kiyA hai|
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________________ ( 25 / 6. 'bhavamarza sandhi' kA razama mA 'zakti' hai| usakA lakSaNa nATya darpaNa meM - prasAdanaM zaktiH' [kA0 60] pora dazalpaka meM viroSazamanaM zakti:' [1-46] kiyA gayA hai| TyadarpaNakAra ne 'eke tu viroSa thamanaM zaktimicchanti' likha kara isa bheda kA ullekha kiyA hai| 10. avamarza sandhi kA 13vA aGga 'vyavasAya' hai| nATyadarpaNa meM usakA lakSaNa mavasAyo'dhyahetuyuk' [kA0 60] aura dazarUpaka meM 'vyavasAyaH svazaktyuktiH' [kA0 1.50] kiyA hai| nATyadarpaNakAra ne 'manye tu vyavasAyaH svazaktyuktiH iti paThanti' likha kara isa mera kA pradarzana kiyA hai| 11. nirvahaNa sandhi' kA pAMcavAM paGga paribhASaNa hai| nATyadarpaNa meM usakA zakSaNa paribhASAsvanindanam' [kA0 1-63] mora dazarUpaka meM paribhASA mithojalpaH' [1-52] kiyA gayA hai| nATyadarpaNakAra ne isa bheda ko 'eke tu paribhASA miyojalpaH iti paThanti' likha kara isa bheda kA ullekha kiyA hai / rAmacandra paura sAgaragambI rAmacandra-guNacandra ke pUrvavartI nATyalakSaNakAroM meM dazarUpakakAra dhanaJjaya [san 974995] ke bAda dUsarA nAma 'nATakalakSaNaratnakoza' ke nirmAtA 'sAgaranandI' kA pAtA hai| ye donoM mammaTa ke uttaravartI prAcArya hai / sAgaranandI ne dhanaJjaya se lagabhaga 100 varSa bAda apane 'bhATakalakSaNaratnakoza' nAmaka mahatvapUrNa grantha kI racanA kI hai| inakA asalI nAma to kevala 'sAgara' thA kintu nandavaMza meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa ve 'sAgaranandI' nAma se hI prasiddha hai| inakA 'nATakalakSaNaratnakoza' grantha, jaisA ki usake nAma se hI spaSTa hai, nATyazAstra viSayaka anya hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra ko sambhavata: isa prantha kA bhI pUrNa paricaya prApta thaa| dhananjaya ke samAna sAgaranandI se bhI rAmabanda-puNacandra kA aneka sthaloM para mata bheda pAyA jAtA hai / nATyadarpaNa meM jisa prakAra nATaka kI pAMcoM rAdhiyoM ke vividha praGgoM ke lakSaNa karate samaya jahA~ kahIM dazarUpaka ke majharaNa bheda pAyA hai vahA~ 'manye' prAdi zabdoM se dazarUpaka ke lakSaNa ko bhI ur3ata kara diyA hai| isI prakAra 12veM rUpaka bheda 'vIthI' ke maGgoM kA vivecana karate hue jahAM unake lakSaNa se mitra anya lakSaNa bhI pAe jAte hai, vahAM 'manye mAdi zabdoM meM una lakSaNoM kA ullekha kara diyA hai| yaha ullekha dazalpaka se sambaddha pratIta nahIM hotA hai / kyoMki dazarUpaka meM 'vIthI' ke pramoM kA vivecana hI nahIM kiyA gayA hai / dazarUpakakAra ne tRtIya prakAza ke anta meM kevala 68, 66 do kArikAmoM meM 'bIpI' kA lakSaNa mAtra kara diyA hai / usake aGgoM kA vivecana nahIM kiyA kiyA hai| mATyadarpaNakAra ne 'bIpI' ke lakSaNa ke atirikta usake 13 aGgoM kA udAharaNoM bahita vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| aura usameM apane se bhinna anya lakSaNoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / samasaLapa ke nahIM hai isalie aisA bhanumAna hai ki sambhavataH ye 'nATakalakSaNaratnakoza' rAmana aura mambaTa 1. kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTa rAmacandra-guNacandra ke pUrvavartI prAcArya hai / para unhoMne ahobhATavanamANa sambandhI koI prAthamikSA hai mora na kAvyaprakAza meM hI nATaka-sambandhI kisI visakI vivejanA kI hai, isalie nATyadarpaNa kA mammaTa ke sAtha koI vizeSa sambandha pratIta kintu rasadoSoM kA vivecana donoM ne kiyA hai / isalie isa aMza meM donoM kA sa
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________________ samAnya hai| isa prasaGga meM eka sthala para nATyadarpaNakArakAmyaprakAzakAra ke matakA sanna kiyA hai| rasa-doSoM meM maja maryAda pradhAna rasa kA adhika vistAra karanA doSa mAnA gayA hai| kAvyaprakAza meM ise 'mAsyApyativistRti' [saptama ullAsa sUtra 52, 101se mAma meM paura nATyadarpaNa maiM ise 'maGgombU' [kA...21] nAma se kahA gayA hai| kAvyaprakAzakAra ne 'maGgasya mapradhAnasya, pati vistareNa varNane yayA hayagrIvava havagrIvasya [.362 bhAnamana se prakAzita saMskaraNa] sila kara pratinAyaka saya grIva ke prati vistRta varNana ko isake udAharaNa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| kintu nATyadarpaNakAra isa dRSTikoNa se sahamata nahIM hai| unhoMne isakA khaNDana karate hue ise 'vRtta-doSa' arthAt kapA-mAga kA doSa mAtra kahA hai, rasadoSa nahIM / rasa kI dRSTi se to unake mata meM yaha doSa na hokara pUNa hai| pratipakSI kA atyanta utkarSa dikhalA kara nAyaka dvArA usakA vadha karAne meM to nAyaka kA utkarSa bar3hatA hI hai, isalie usa dRSTi se yaha doSa nahIM apitu guNa hI hai, yaha nATyadarpaNakArakA abhiprAya hai| apane isa mata kA pratipAdana unhoMne isa prakAra kiyA hai "kecitra hayagrIva hayagrIvavarNanamuvAharanti / sa punarva tadoSo vRttanAyakasyAlpavarNanAt / tatra hi vIro rasaH, sa vizeSato vaSyasya zaurya-vibhUtyatizayavarNanena mUSyata iti / " [nA0603-21] isake sthAna para unhoMne kRtyArAvaNa kA udAharaNa prastuta karate hue likhA hai "bhayAjogyam / pAspa musyarasapoSakatayA avayavabhUtasyogya vistareNotkaTatvaM dossH| yathA kRtyArAvaNe jaTAyuvaSa-sakSmaNazaktimeda-sItAvipattizravaNeSu rAmasya muhahaH karaNASikyam / " nA. 603-23] 2. pratikUla-vibhAvAdigraha' nAma kA dUsarA rasa-doSa hai| kAvyaprakAza meM isakA udAharaNa nimna prakAra diyA gayA hai "prasAde vartasva, prakaTaya mudaM, saMtyA ruSaM priye zuSyantyaGgAnya sUtamiva te siMcatu payaH / nidhAnaM saukhyAno kSaNabhimukhaM sthApaya mukhaM ra mugdhe pratyetu prabhavati gataH kaalhrinnH|| matha zRGgAre praskUilasya zAntasyAnityatAprakAzanarUpo vimAvastaraprakAzito nivaraNa vyabhicArI upAttaH // " kA0 pR. 360 pati isa iloka meM zRGgAra rasa ke pratikUla zAnta rasa kA tathA usake pratispatAkyApanAtmaka nirvedarUpa vyabhicAribhAva kA grahaNa hone se yahA~ pratikUlavibhAvAri parivaha rUpa rasa doSa hotA hai| nATyadarpaNakArane isa udAharaNa ko kisI prakAra kI mAlocanA na karate hue bhI isakA dUsarA udAharaNa nimna prakAra diyA hai tyajata mAnamarsa ta vigraha punareti gataM paturaMpA / parabhUtAbhiAratIya nivedite, smaramate ramate sma vdhuujnH|| mA zRGgAraprati lasya zAmsasyAnityatA prakAsanaspo vibhAgo mibhH| [mA..-2)
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________________ ( 27 ) ina donoM meM kevala zloka kA antara hai, bhAva donoM udAharaNoM kA bilkula eka hI hai / isake atirikta 'akANDe prathanaM, prakANDe chedaH dIptiH punaHpunaH tathA praGgigo'nanusandhAnam, ina cAroM rasa doSoM ke udAharaNa kAvyaprakAza tathA nATyadarpaNa meM bilkula eka hI die haiN| 3. rasa-doSoM ke nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM kAvyaprakAza meM 'vyabhicAri-rasa-sthAyibhAvAnAM zabdavAcyatA' ko sabase pahilA rasa doSa kahA gayA hai| arthAt mammaTa ke anusAra vyabhicAribhAva athavA rasa athavA sthAyibhAvoM ko apane vAcaka zabda dvArA kathana nahIM karanA cAhiye / unakA strazabda se kathana karane para rasAnubhUti kA apakarSaka hone se doSAdhAyaka hotA hai / kintu nATyadarpaNakAra isa bAta se sahamata nahIM haiM / isalie isa viSaya meM mammaTa kA khaNDana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai "kecittu 'vyabhicAri-rasa- sthAyinAM svazabdavAcyatvaM rasadoSamAhuH / tadayuktam / vyabhicAryAdInAM svavAcakapadaprayoge'pi vibhAvapuSTe: dUrAdutsukamAgate vivalitaM sambhASiNi sphAritaM, saMdipatyaruNaM gRhItavasane kiJcAJcita latam / mAninyAzcaraNAnativyatikare vASpApUkSaNaM, cakSurjAtamaho ! prapaMcacaturaM jAtAgasi preyasi // isameM utsuka divalita Adi vyabhicAribhAvoM kA svAda kathana hone para bhI rasa kI paripuSTi ho rahI hai, isa lie vibhAvAdi kA svazabda se grahaNa doSa nahIM hai / yaha nATyadarpaNakAra kA abhiprAya hai / 4. isI prakAra kaSTakalpanayA vyaktiranubhAvavibhAvayoH' [kA0 pra0 kArikA 60. pU0 357 ] ko dUsarA rasadoSa mAnA gayA hai| para nATyadarpaNakAra kA mata isa viSaya meM bhI mammaTa se bhinna hai / apane mata ko vyakta karate hue unhoMne likhA hai"evamubhayarasa sAdhAraNa vibhAvapadAnAM kaSTa ena sandigdhatvalakSaNo vAkyadoSa eva / yathA - niyatavibhAvAbhidhAyitvAdhigamo'pi pariharati mati rati lunIte, skhalatitarAM parivartate ca bhUyaH / iti bata viSamA dazA svadehaM paribhavati prasabhaM kimatra kurmaH // matra ratiparihArAdInAM vibhAvAnAM karuNAdAvapi " samdeha iti / " sambhavAt zRGgAraM prati bhAvatva[ nA0 da0 3 23 ] isa prakAra mammaTa ne kAvya prakAza meM jina mATha prakAra ke rasadoSoM kA varNana kiyA yA nATyadarpaNakAra ne unameM se tIna kA bilkula khaNDana kara diyA, aura cAra ko jyoM kA yoM grahaNa kara liyA hai, aura eka ko udAharaNa meM parivartana karate hue svIkAra kara liyA hai / rAmacandra aura abhinavagupta -- nATyazAstra para 'abhinavabhAratI' nAmaka vivRti ke nirmAtA abhinavagupta bhI nATyadarpaNakAra ke pUrvavartI zrAcArya haiN| rasa-nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM nATyadarpaNakAra ne unake mata ke bAdhAra para apane mata kI sthApanA kI hai| kintu usameM bhI unhoMne abhinavagupta kI apekSA kucha vanatA utpanna kara dI hai /
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________________ ' deva ! 1. uttaravartI sabhI mAtrAmoM ne rasa ko prAyaH brahmAnandasahodara para paramAnandasvarUpa mAnA hai / karuNa aura bhayAnaka tathA bIbhatsa jaise rasoM ko bhI sukhAtmaka esa mAnA gayA hai / sAhityakAra mibvanAtha ne sabhI rasoM ko aikAntika sukhAtmakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue likhA hai sentdAvapi rase jAyate yat paraM sukham / sacetakhAmanupravaH pramANaM taMtra kevalam / / kina seSu yadA duHkhaM na ko'pi syAt tammutaH / tathA satAvaNAdInAM pacitA duHsa heturura / / vizvanAtha prAvi ke isa susAzyakatAvAda ke viparIta abhinavagupta ne pratyeka rasa ko sukhaduHkhobhayAtmaka rasa mAnA hai / arthAt unake mata meM pratyeka eka meM sukha kI pradhAnatA hote hue bhI duHkha kA sparza rahatA hai / unhoMne likhA hai [ sAhityadarpaNa pari0 3,405] ityAnandarUpatA sarvarasAnAm / kintUparaJjaka viSayavazAt tathAmapi kaTukitA sparzo'sti vIrasyeva / sa hi klezasahiSNutAdiprANa ena / " [hindI abhinavabhAratI pR0 478 ] inameM bhI zRGgAra, hAsya, vIra tathA pradbhuta ina cAra rasoM meM sukha kI pradhAnatA ke sAtha duHkha kA nuvedha rahatA hai| isake viparIta raudra, bhayAnaka, karuraNa tathA bIbhatsa ina cAra rasoM meM duHkha kI pradhAnatA ke sAtha sukha kA anuvedha mAnA hai / kevala zAnta rasa ko hI unhoMne nitAnta sukharUpa mAnA hai / prabhinavabhAratI ke prathama adhyAya meM isa viSaya kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana karate hue abhinavagupta ne likhA hai- " sa ca sukha - duHkharUpeNa vicitreNa samanugato na tu tadekAtmA / tathAhi -rati-hAsautsAha - vismayA sukhasvabhAvatvam / tatra tu cirakAlavyApi sukhAnusandhirUpatvena viSayonmukhyaprAraNatayA tadviSazaMsAbAhulyena prapAyabhIrutvAd duHkhAMzanuvedhoM rateH / hAsasya sAnusandhAnasya vidya tsadRzastAtkAlikaM lpaduHkhAnuvedhaH sukhAnugataH / utsAhasya tAtkAlika - duHkhAyAsa nimajjanarUpAnusandhinA bhAvi bahujanopakAricittarakAlamA visusamA cikIrSAtmanA sukharUpatA / vismayasya niranusandhAnatattulyasukharUpatA / krodha-bhaya-zoka- jugupsAnAM tu duHkhasvarUpatA / tatra cirakAladuHkhAnusandhiprANo viSayagatAsstyantikanAzabhAvanA tadAkAMkSAprANatayA sukhaduHkhAnuvedhavAn krodha: / niranusandhitAtkAlikakuHsaprANatayA tadaNgamAkAMkSotprekSita sukhAnusambhinnaM bhavam / IkAlikasrava bhI viSaya nAzajaH prAktanasukhasmaraNAnuviddhaH sarvathaiva duHkharUpaH zokaH / utpAdya mAnaduHkhAnusandhAnajIvitaviSayAt palAyanaparAyaNa rUpA niSiSyamA naca kita sukhAmuthiyA kutupsA / samatapUrvadaHkha saJcaya smaraNaprANitaH sambhAvitataduparamabalama yo nirvedaH / [hindI] abhinavabhAratI 40 216-224] ina tInoM anucchedoM meM abhinavagupta ne zrRGgAra, hAsya, vIra tathA pradabhuta rasoM meM sukha kI pradhAnatA de sAtha-sAtha duHkhAnuveSa kI, tathA roDa, bhayAnaka, kaaar tathA bIbhatsa rasoM meM duHkha kI pradhAnatA ke sAtha sukhAnuvedha kI carcA karate hue dhameM nirdoSa ko nitAnta susamaya ThaharAyA hai|
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________________ ( 29 ) rasoM ke viSaya meM nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-gurAcandra kA mata pUrvokta donoM matoM se bhinna prakAra kA hai / use hama vibhajyavAdI mata kaha sakate haiN| vizvanAtha prAdi ne sabhI rasoM ko sukhAtmaka rasa mAnA hai| bhabhinavagupta ne sabhI rasoM ko ubhayAtmaka rasa mArA hai / kintu nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra ne na sabhI rasoM ko sukhAtmaka rasa mAnA hai, auH na sabhI rasoM meM sukha-duHkha donoM kA samAveza mAnA hai| unhoMne rasoM ko alaga-alaga do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara diyA hai / jinameM se zRGgAra. hAsya vIra, adbhuta tathA zAnta ina pAMca ko sarva yA sukhAtmaka aura karuNa, raudra, bhayAnaka tathA bIbhatsa ina cAra ko sarvathA duHkhAtmaka rasa btlaayaa| apane isa siddhAnta kA pratipAdana nATyadarpaNa meM unhoMne nimna prakAra se kiyA hai - "taSTavibhAvAdiprathitasvarUpasampattayaH zRGgAra-hAsyavIra adbhuna-zAntAH paJca sukhaatmaanH| prapareM punaraniSTavibhAvAdyupanItAtmAnaH karuNa-raudra-bImatrA-bhayAnakAH catvAro duHkhaatmaanH| yat punaH sarvarasAnAM sukhAtmakatvamucyate, tatpratItibAdhitam / prAstAM nAma mukhyavibhAvopacitaH, kAvyAbhinayopanIta-vibhAvopacito'pi bhayAnako bIbhatsaH, karaNo rodro vA rasAsvAdavatAmanAkhyeyAM kAmapi klezadazAmupanayati / ataeva bhayAnakAdibhirudvijate samAvaH / na nAma sukhAsvAdAdu go ghaTate / [nATyadarpaNa 3-7] 3. isa uddharaNa meM rAmacandra-guNacandra ne spaSTa rUpa se pAMca rasoM ko sukhAtmaka tathA cAra rasoM ko duHkhAtmaka kaha kara rasoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara diyA hai| ata: unakA mata vimajyavAdI mata kahA jA sakatA hai| - 1. dUsarA prasaGga jahA~ rAmacandra-guNacandra mabhinavagupta ke sAtha haiM. zAntarasa kA prakaraNa hai| zRGgAra-hAsya-karuNa-raudra-vIra-bhayAnakA: / bIbhatsAdbhutasaMjJo cetyaSTau nATye rasAH smRtAH / / nATyazAstra .15] isa bharatavacana ke bhAdhAra para aneka vidvAna nATaka meM kevala pATha 2soM kI sthiti mAnate hai| kintu abhinavagupta prAdi aneka vidvAn zAntarasa ko bhI navama rasa mAnate haiN| unake anusAra isa bharata-vacana ke uttarArdha kA pATha 'bIbhatsAdbhutazAntAzca nava nATya rasA: smRtAH' isa prakAra kA hai / abhinavagupta ke nATyazAstra ne chaThe adhyAya para 'abhinavabhAratI' vyAkhyA likhate hue usake anta meM bahuta vistAra ke sAtha zAntarasa kA vivecana kiyA hai / unake pUrva nATyazAstra ke dUsare vyAkhyAtA udbhaTa ne bhI zAntarasa ko nATyarasa mAnA hai, mora ukta bharata vacana ke pAThAntara ke manusAra navarasoM kA pratipAdana karate hue likhA hai ki-- shRnggaar-haasy-krunn-rodr-biir-bhyaankaaH| bIbhatmAdbhuta-zAntAeSa naba mATo rasAH smRtAH / / [unTa kAmpAlaM. 4-4] anaT ne bhI zAnta rasa ko mAnA hai| balki unhoMne eka premAn rapa ko mora jor3a kara rasoM kI saMkhyA daza kara dI hai| unakA zloka nimna prakAra hai
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________________ majAra-bIra-kavaNa-bIbhatsAbhayAnakA tA haasyH| rodA zAntaH preyAniti mantavyAH rsaa| srve|| [vaTa kAvyAmaDAra 12-1] pATha rasoM ko mAna kara zAntarasa kA baNDana karane vAloM meM dazarUpakakAra dhanambaya aura unake TIkAkAra dhanika kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekha-yogya hai / dhanajaya ne likhA hai samamapi kecit prAhA puSTinATyeSu naitasya / nirvedAdiratApyAvasthAyI svarate karam / / varanyAyaka tattoSastenASTo sthAyino matAH // " [vacaspaka 4, 3.-16] isakI vyAkhyA karate hue dhanika ne likhA hai "iha zAntarasaM prati vAdinAmanekaviSA vipratipattayaH / kevidAhuH nAstyeva zAnto rasaH / tasthAcAryeNa vibhAvAmapratipAdanAllakSaNAkaraNAt / anye tu vastutastasyAbhAvaM varNayanti / panAdikAlapravAhAyAtarAgaSayorunchetta mazakyatvAt / manye tu vIravIbhatsAdAvantarbhAvaM varNayanti / evaM badantaH thamamapi necchanti / yathA tathA pastu / sarvayA nATakAdI abhinayAtmani sthAyitvamasmAbhiH hamasma niSidhyate / tasya samastavyApAraviSayarUpasya mabhinayAyogAt / [dazarUpaka 4, 35-36] dazarUpakakAra ke zAntarasa ke virodhI hone para bhI nATayazAstra ke pramukha vyAkhyAtA sUTa, bhaTTanAyaka, abhinavagupta mAdi ne zAntarasa kI sattA svIkAra kI hai aura use nAvyarasa mAnA hai isalie usakA niSedha karanA ucita nahIM hai| nATaghadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra bhI isa viSaya meM abhinavagupta ke sAtha hai / rasa ke bheda karate hue unhoMne likhA hai mRGgAra-hAsya-karuNA, raudr-viir-bhyaankaaH| bIbhatsAha.ta-zAntAca, rasA: sadbhirnava smRtAH / / [nATapadarpaNa 3, 1] (3) zA tarasa kI sthiti ke bAda tIsarA prazna zAntarasa ke sthAyibhAva kA hai| zAntarasa kA sthAyi pAva kyA hai ? isa viSaya meM aneka mata pAe jAte haiM / mammaTa meM 'nirveda' ko zAntarasa kA sthAyibhA ha batalAte hue 'nirvedasthAyibhAvo'sti zAnto'pi navamo rasaH [kA0 pra0 sUtra 4. kA. 35] / bharatamuni ne vyabhicArIbhAvoM kI gaNanA karAte samaya 'nirveda' ko sabase pahilA vyabhicArI bhAra ginAyA hai| taba use zAntarasa kA sthAyibhAva kase kahA jA sakatA hai? yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai isa bAta ko mana meM rakha kara kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTa ne usakA samAdhAna karane kA yatna kiyA hai / unakA kahanA hai ki 'nirveda' svarUpataH pramaGgala hae hai / usako vyabhicAri. bhAvoM kI gaNanA meM sabase pahile nahIM ginanA cAhie thaa| kintu bharata muni ne usa pramAGgalika 'nida' kA jo sabase pahile grahaNa kiyA hai, vaha isalie kiyA hai ki 'nirveda' eka aisA pAva hai vo vyabhicAribhAvoM meM parigaNita hone para zAntarasa kA sthAyibhAva hai| usakI sthAyitA kI sUcanA ke lie hI garata muni ne 'nirva' kA grahaNa sabase pahile kiyA hai / mammaTa ne apane isa abhiprAya ko nimna prakAra se prakaTa kiyA
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________________ "nipasyAmajanaprAyasya prathamamanupAdeyatve'pi upAdAnaM vyabhicAritve'pi sthAyitAM. miSAnArtham / " [kAvya prakAza zAnamaNDala pR0.138] saGgItaratnAkara meM bhI isI muktikama se nirveda ko zAnta rasa kA sthAyibhAva siddha karate hue likhA hai uhilya sthApinaH, prApte samaye vyabhicAriNAm / pramAlamapi te pUrva nirvedameva yat // munirmane'sya tannUnaM syaayitaa-vybhicaarite| pUrvAparAnvayo yasya madhyasyasyAnuSaGgataH / / [saGgItaratnAkara 1315-1316] nATaparpaNakAra isa bAta ko nahIM mAnate haiN| unake mata meM 'nirveda' kevala vyabhicArimAva hai, syAyibhAva nahIM hai / isalie use zAntarasa kA sthAyibhAva nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| unhoMne likhA hai"mayaM nivedaH rasevaniyatatvAt kAvArikatvAcca vyabhicArI, ma sthaayii|" [nATyadarpaNa 3-28] abhinavagupta ne bhI nirveda ko zAntarasa kA sthAyibhAva nahIM mAnA hai / unhoMne vistAra pUrvaka isakA khaNDana karate hue abhinavabhAratI meM pR. 613-617 taka isakA vivecana kiyA hai / usake anta meM likhA hai ki "tatazca tasvamAnamevedaM tasvamAnamAlayA paripoSyamANa. miti na nirvedaH sthAyI, kintu tasvamAnameva sthAyIti bhavet / " [abhinavabhAratI pu0 617] isase yaha spaSTa hai ki yukti kama ke minna hone para bhI nirveda zAntarasa kA sthAyibhAva nahIM hai isa viSaya meM nATapadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra abhinava gupta ke sAtha haiN| nAe rapaNa yA viSaya rAmacandra guNacandra ne apane 'mATaSadarpaNa' anya kI rakSanA yacApi bharata muni 6 bATayazAstra ke mAdhAra, para kI hai kintu ina donoM meM bahuta antara hai| nATya zAH 36 adhyAyoM kA eka vizAla vizvakoSa hai jisameM prAyaH samI lalita kalAmoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| usake sAmane nATayakSaNa' bahuta choTA sA grantha hai| isameM nATayazAstra ke kevara 18veM adhyAya meM paNita viSaya kAhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / nATaya zAstra ke 18veM adhyAya kA 'daza sapakanirupaNAdhyAya' hai| isameM 1 nATaka, 2 prakaraNa, 3 jyAyoga, 4 samavakAra, 5 bhANa, 6 prahasana, 7 Dima, bhara.IhAmuga bhaura 10 vIcI ina dasa prakAra ke rUpakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isIlie isa adhyAya ko 'dazA-nirUpaNAdhyAya' kahate hai| isI pradhyAya ke mAdhAra para dhanaJjaya me harUpaka' kI racanA kI thI aura usI ke bhASAra para rAmacandra gupapanna ne. 'nATapakSapaNa kI rasanA kI hai| nATayazAstra ke.18 prayAya kA nAma 'dazarUpakAdhyAya' hai, kintu usameM pUrvokta daza pura vyakoM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha sabake saMgura se bampa do pakoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| ye
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________________ ( 32 ) bheda nATaka tathA prakaraNa ina donoM ke mizraNa se banate haiM / bharata muni ne inakA vidhAna nimna zloka meM kiyA hai- anayozca bandhayogAdeko bhedaH prayoktRbhirjJeyaH prakhyAtastvitaro vA nATIsaMjJAzrite kAvye // [ nATayazAstra 18, 57 ] zloka kA artha kucha aspaSTa sA hai kintu isakA yaha abhiprAya pratIta hotA hai ki nATaka tathA prakaraNa ina donoM ke yoga se eka nATikA yA nATI nAma se prasiddha bheda samajhanA cAhie / athavA dUsarA prakaraNI nAmaka praprasiddha bheda samajhanA caahie| ye donoM 'nATI' nAma se kahe jAte haiM / isa zloka kI aspaSTatA ke kAraNa kucha loga 'nATikA' tathA 'prakaraNI' do saMkIrNa bheda mAnate haiM aura kucha loga donoM ke sasura se banA huA kevala eka saGkIrNa bheda mAnate haiM aura use 'nATI' yA nATikA nAma se kahate haiN| dazarUrakakAra dhanaJjaya 'nATikA' rUpa kevala eka saGkIrNaM meda mAnate haiM mora 'nATyadarpaNakAra' 'nATikA' tathA 'prakaraNI' rUpa do saGkIrNa bheda mAnate hai / dazarUpaka kI vyAkhyA karane vAle ghanika ne do bheda mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai"matra kecit manayozca bandhayogAdeko bhedaH prayoktubhirjJeyaH / prakhyAtastvitaro vA nATIsaMzAdhite kAvye || " ityamuLe bharatIyaM zlokaM. 'eko bhedaH prakhyAto nATikAkhyaH, itarastva prakhyAtaH prakaraNikAsaMzo, nATIsaMjJayA dve kAvye prAzrite' iti vyAcakSAraNAH prakaraNikAmapi manyante / tadasat / uddezalakSaNayorana miSAnAt / samAnalakSaNatve vA bhedAbhAvAt / vastu rasa-nAyakAnAM prakaraNAbhedAt prakaraNikAyAH / ato'nuddiSTAyA nATikAyA yanmuninA lakSaNaM kRtaM tatrAyamabhiprAyaH- zuddhalakSaNasaGkarAdeva tallakSaNe siddhe lakSaNakaraNaM saGkIrNAnAM nATikaiva kartavyeti niyamArthaM vijJAyate : " [dazarUpaka 3-43vI TIkA ] isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'pranayozca bandhayogAt' ityAdi bharatamuni ke zloka ke zrAdhAra para kucha loga nATikA aura prakaraNI do saGkarakRta bheda mAnate haiM / kintu unakI yaha mAnyatA anucita haiN| isake cAra kAraNa haiM / 1. nATikA tathA prakaraNI nAma se do alaga-alaga bhedoM kA na uddezya arthAt nAmamAtra se kathana kiyA gayA hai ghora na lakSaNa / 2. yadi nATikA tathA prakaraNI donoM kA lakSaNa eka sA hI mAnA jAya to unameM bheda nahIM rahatA hai / 3. prakaraNI kA alaga bheda mAnane vAle usakA jo lakSaNa karate haiM usake anusAra 'prakaraNI' kI vastu, rasa mora nAyaka saba 'prakaraNa' ke samAna hote haiM isalie use 'prakaraNa' se alaga mAnanA asaGgata ho jAtA hai / isalie prArambha meM kathita 'uddiSTa' na hone para bhI bharatamuni ne 'nATikA' kA jo lakSaNa kiyA hai usakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki saGkarabhedoM meM se kevala eka 'nATikA' kI racanA karanI caahie| dhanika dvArA kie isa utkaTa virodha ke bAda bhI rAmacandra guNacandra ne 'prakaraNI' ko 'erfeer' free rUpaka bheda mAna kara usakA lakSaNa kiyA hai ' evaM prakaraNI kintu netA prakaraNoditaH / ' arthAt nATikA ke samAna caturaGkatva pAdi dharmoM se yukta 'prakaraNI' hotI hai| kintu isa meM bheda yaha hai ki nATakota rAjAdi nAyaka ke sthAna para prakaraNokta vaNit yAdi nAyaka hogA
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________________ ( 2 ) hai| isa nAyaka-bheda ke kAraNa hI isake nAma kA bheda ho jAtA hai| 'nAyakAnusAritvAt sarvavyavahArANAm' kyoMki sAre vyavahAra nAyaka ke anusAra hI hote haiM / isalie prakaraNokta nAyaka hone ke kAraNa caturaGgatva prAdi dharmoM se yukta rUpaka bheda ko 'prakaraNI' kahate haiM . yaha granthakAra kA mabhiprAya hai| isa prakAra nATayadarpaNa meM 10 mukhya rUpaka tathA nATikA evaM prakaraNI rUpa do sIrNa bhedoM ko milAkara kula 12 prakAra ke rUpakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dazarUpakakAra dhanaJjaya ne dasa prakAra ke mukhya rUpakoM ke sAtha 'nATikA' rUpa eka saGkIrNa bheda ko milA kara 11 rUpakoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / phira bhI unhoMne apane grantha kA nAma 'dazarUpaka' hI rakhA hai / isakA kAraNa kucha to bharatamuni ke nATayazAstra meM 18veM adhyAya ke lie prayukta hone vAlA 'dazapakanirUpaNAdhyAya' nAma hai| usameM bhI nATikA sahita 11 bhedoM kA nirUpaNa hone para bhI usakA nAma 'dazarUpakanirUpaNAdhyAya' rakhA gayA hai / usIke anukaraNa para dhanajaya ne bhI apane grantha kA nAma 'dazarUpaka' rakhA hai| isake sAtha dhArmika bhAvanA ke anusAra viSNu ke dasa avatAroM ke sAtha bharatamuni ke dazarUpakoM kA sambandha jor3anA bhI isakA eka kAraNa hai| apane maGgalAcaraNa meM isa sambandha ko dikhalAte hue nimna zloka likhA hai-- "dazarUpAnukAreNa yasya mAyanti bhaaykaaH| namaH sarvavide tasmai viSNave bharatAya ca // " [dazarUpaka 1, 2] jisa prakAra yahAM dhanaJjaya ne rUpakoM kI daza saMkhyA kA apane iSTa deva viSNu [panApa ke pitA kA nAma bhI viSNu hI thA ke dasa avatAroM ke sAtha sambandha jor3a kara apanI dhArmika bhAvukatA kA paricaya diyA hai, isI prakAra nATapadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra ne rUpakoM kI dvAdaza saMkhyA kA apane dharma meM pratipAdita prAcAra se lekara dRSTivAda-paryanta dvAdaza maGgoM ke sAtha sambandha porakara hI. apanA maGgalAcaraNa zloka likhA hai "caturvargaphalo niyaM, jainoM vAcamupAsmahe / rUpadizabhivizvaM yayA nyAyya dhRtaM pathi // " [nATayadarpaNa 1.1] isa prakAra dasa ke sthAna para 12 rUpaka bhedoM kA nirUpaNa nATaghadarpaNa kA pratipAdya viSaya hai / isa viSaya kA pratipAdana karane ke lie granyakAra ne apane prantha ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| unheM 'viveka' nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA hai| prathama viveka meM unhoMne kevala nATaka kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| dvitIya viveka meM 'prakaraNa' prAdi zeSa 11 rUpaka bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / isa prakAra apane mukhya pratipAdya viSaya marthAt dvAdaza rUpoM ke lakSaNoM kA pratipAdana unhoMne do vivekoM meM hI kara diyA hai| usake bAda tRtIya viveka meM nATapa se sambaddha vRtti, rasa, bhAva bhaura abhinaya mAdi kA vivecana kiyA hai, bhora patuthaM viveka meM kucha aisI bAtoM kI carcA kI hai jo sAre rUpakoM meM samAna rUpa se upayoga meM pAne vAlI hai| isalie isa viveka kA nAma 'sarvarUpakasAdhAraNamakSaNanirNayaH' rakhA gayA hai| dazarUpakakAra vanazcaya ne nATaka ke atirikta anya rUpaka-bhedoM ke nipala meM bahuta saMkSepa se kAma liyA hai| adhikAMza rUpakoM kA nirUpaNa unhoMne do cAra zlokohI samApta kara diyA hai| nATayarpaNakAra rAmacandra-purucandra ne nATaka ke samAna panya rUpaka bhedoM kA nirUpaNa bhI praryApta vistAra ke sAtha kiyA hai| isalie ubakA nirUpaNa dhamakSaya kI apekSA adhika spaSTa aura upayogI bana par3A hai|
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________________ modayArpaNa ke udAharaNa ___ nATyadarpaNa kA viSaya-pratipAdana jaise dazarUpaka kI apekSA adhika vizad pora vistuta hai, isI prakAra usake udAharaNoM kA kSetra bhI dazarUpaka kI apekSA kahIM adhika vyApaka hai / rAmacandraguNacandra ne apane pratipAdya viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie isa pampa meM jo udAharaNa prastuta kie hai ve prAyaH 63 nATakoM se lie gae haiN| ina 63 nATakoM kI sUcI bahuta lambI hai| dazarUpaka meM yaha bAta kahA~ hai ? ina 63 nATakoM meM 11 nATaka to svayaM rAmacandra ke apane banAe hue nATaka hai| bhavabhUti ke (12) uttara rAmacarita (13 / mahAvIra carita aura (14) mAlatI mASava tInoM nATaka isa sUcI meM upasthita hai| isI prakAra kAlidAsa ke (15) abhijJAna zAkuntala, (16) vikramorvazIya tathA (17) mAlavikAgnimitra ina tInoM nATakoM ke udAharaNa isameM prastuta kie gae hai| yaha bAta vizeSa rUpa se ullekha yogya hai ki isameM 'mAlavikAgnimitra' kA nAma sarvatra 'mAlatikAgnimitra' diyA gayA hai| vizAkhadeva kRta (18) mudrArAkSasa nATaka ke sAtha unake (19) devIcandra gupta nATaka ke udAharaNa bhI isameM die gae haiN| murArikavi ke (20) anargharASava, zrIharSa ke (21) nAgAnanda, bhora (22) ratnAvalI, (23) zUdraka ke mRcchakaTika, (24) bhaTTa nArAyaNa ke veNIsaMhAra ke udAharaNa bhI die gae haiM / (25) mAsa ke svapnavAsavadattam tathA (26) daridracArudattam nATakoM kA ullekha isameM pAyA hai / isameM vizeSa ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki bhAsa ke svapnavAsavadattam se 'pAdAkrAntAni puSpANi' ityAdi eka hI zloka (kA0 53 meM anumAna ke udAharaNa rUpa meM diyA gayA hai kintu vaha iloka 'svapnavAsavadattam' ke vartamAna mudrita saMskaraNoM meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| mora bhAsa ke 'cArudatta' kA yahAM 'daridra cArudatta' nAma se ullekha kiyA gayA hai / (27) kundamAlA nATaka ke udAharaNa bhI pAe haiN| rAmacandra-guNacandra ne use 'vIranAga' kI racanA batalAyA hai jabaki vartamAna upalabdha 'kundamAlA' nATaka diGnAga kI kRti hai / sambhava hai diGnAga kA hI dUsarA nAma 'vIranAga' ho| amAtya zakuka ke (28) 'citrotpalAvalambitam' nATaka ke udAharaNa bhI isameM die hai| patA nahIM yaha zaMkuka bharata ke vyAkhyAkAra zaMkuka haiM yA koI dUsare / bANabhaTTa kI (29) kAdambarI. (30) kAlidAsa ke kumArasambhava, guNAlya kI (31) bRhatkathA, vyAsa ke (32) mahAbhArata paura bhartR meNTha ke (33) hayagrIvavadha ke udAharaNa bhI die gae haiM / ye 33 grantha to prAyaH prasiddha grantha hai| kintu inake atirikta prAyaH 30 aise granthoM ke udAharaNa bhI rAmacandra guNacandra ne apane isa nATyadarpaNa meM prastuta kie haiM jo atyanta maprasiddha hai, aura aba taka prakAzita nahIM hue haiN| unakA kucha thor3A sA paricaya denA Avazyaka hai / prataH hama inakA sAmAnya paricaya nIce de rahe haiN| nATyadarpaNa meM una ta 35 alabhya prantha 1. anaGgavatI nATikA-nATyadarpaNa ke tRtIya anuscheda ke prArambha meM tIsarI kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM pUrvaraGga ke anta meM 'sthApaka' dvArA 'bhAmukha' ke anuSThAna ke udAharaNa ke lie "tathA ca 'anaGgavatyA nATikAyAM dRzyate 'pUrvaraGgAnte sthApaka' iti" isa rUpa meM manamavatI 'nATikA' kA ullekha kevala eka bAra kiyA gayA hai| aura kahIM bhI isakA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| isakA nirmANa kisane aura kaba kiyA isakA paricaya prApta honA sambhava nahIM hai / grantha ke malamya hone se usakI kathA vastu kA bhI patA nahIM cala sakatA hai / bhoja ke 'zRGgAraprakAza' [11-147]. hemacandra ke 'kAvyAnuzAsana' [8,339] tathA zAradAtanaya ke 'bhAvaprakAzana' (pR. 267 madhi 9] meM 'pravaGgavatI' kA ullekha nimna prakAra milatA hai
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________________ 'kSudrakathA manthullI yeha mahArASTrabhASayA bhavati / gorocaneva kAryA sAnaGgavatIva vA kavibhiH / / " [zRMgAraprakAza 11-147] "pretamahArASTrabhASAyAM kSudra kathA gorocanAnaGgavatyAdivat mnthllikaa| kSudrakathA manthallI preta mahArASTrabhASayA bhavati / gorocaneva kAryA sAnaGgavatIva vArkaceTI [kavi miH||" kAvyAnuzAsana saviveka ni0 sA0 pRSTha 336] "kSudrakathA mattallikA yeha mahArASTrabhASayA bhavati / gorocateka kAryA'naGgavatI mAvarasavidhA // " [bhAvaprakAzana pR0 267, adhi] ina tInoM granthA meM jisa "panaMgavatI' kA ullekha milatA hai yaha nATyadarpaNa meM uddhRta 'bhanaMgavatI' mATikA se bhinna koI aura hI cIja hai| kyoMki 'nATyadarpaNa' ko 'pranaMgavatI nATikA' jaisA ki usake 'pUrvaraMgAnta sthApakaH' isa utaraNa se pratIta hotA hai| saMskRta bhASA meM likhI gaI nATikA hai, aura 'zRgAraprakAza' prAdi tInoM granthoM meM ullikhita 'gogecanA anaMgavatI' mahArASTra ko preta bhASA meM likhI huI koI kSudra kathA hai jise mahArASTra bhASA meM 'manthullI' kahate haiN| isa lie 'nATapadapaMNa" kI anaMgavatI nATikA' usase bilkula bhinna hai| kamendra kI 'bRhatkathAmaMjarI' [518-19] meM eka anaMgavatI ke carita kA ullekha milatA hai / sambhava hai ki 'nATyadarpaNa' vAlI 'manaMgavatI nATikA' kI racanA isI kathA ke prAdhAra para kI gaI ho, maura jaise udayana-vAsavadattA kI kayA ke prAdhAra para aneka nATakoM kI racanA huI hai. isI prakAra 'anaMgavatI' kI yaha kathA bhI mahArASTra kI preta bhASA meM kSudra kathA ke rUpa meM prasiddha huI ho| isa sabake hone para bhI 'nATayadarpaNa' kI 'anaMgavatI nATikA' ke kartA mAdi kA viSaya bilkula andhakAra meM rahatA hai / 2. manaGga senAharinandhiprakaraNam-'nATyadarpaNa' ke prathama viveka meM 'amarza sandhi' ke pAMcaveM bhaMga 'chAdana' ke nirUpaNa meM anya kAra ne ___"yathA zrI zuktivAsakumAraviracite manaMga senA-harinandini prakaraNe navame'Gka rAjaputra candraketunA datta karNAlaGkArayugalaM nAyikayA mAdhavyA nAyakasya preSitam / " ityAdi rUpa meM 'manaMgasenA-harinandiprakaraNam' kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura use 'zuktivAsa kumAra' kI kRti batalAyA hai| kintu ye 'zuktivAsakumAra' kauna hai ? isakA kucha patA nahIM calatA hai| isalie unake kAla prAdi kA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| .. abhinavarAghavam-nATapadapaMNa ke tRtIya viveka meM 'prarocanA' ke lakSaNa ke prasaMga meM granthakAra ne nimna prakAra se kevala eka bAra isa nATaka kA ullekha kiyA hai "yayA kSIrasvAmiviracite'bhinavarAghavesthApaka:-(saharSam) mAyeM ! cirasya smRtam / massyeva rAghavamahInakathA pavitra, kAvyaprabandhaghaTanA prathitaprathimnaH / maddendurAja-caraNAmjamadhuvratasya, kSIrasya nATakamananyasamAnasAram / "
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________________ yaha nATaka to nahIM milatA hai, kintu isa zloka meM usake kartA mAvikA paryApta paricaya de diyA gayA hai / isake anusAra 'abhinavarAghava' ke nirmAtA kSIrasvAmI, bhaTTandurAja ke ziSya hai| ye bhaddendurAja abhinavagupta ke bhI guru hai / dhvanyAloka kI 'locana' TIkA meM prabhinavagupta ne inakA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai bhaTTendurAjacaraNAjakRtAdhivAsa, hRdyazruto'bhinavaguptapadAbhiSo'ham / yat kiMcidapyanuraNan sphuTayAmi kAvyA lokaM sulocana-niyojanayA janasya / / yathA'smadupA yAyabhaTendurAjasya / " [dhvanyAlokalocana pR0 43, 116] isase pratIta hotA hai ki abhinavarAghava ke nirmAtA paura svAmI kadAcita mabhinavagupta ke sahapAThI haiM / 'nATyadarpaNa' ke atirikta (1) kalhaNa kRta rAjataraMgiNI, [taraMga 4, zloka 499], (2) amarakoza ke vyApAtA kSIrasvAmI, (3) hemacandrAcAryakRta siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana [ma. 1, pu. 44]. tathA hemacandra kI hI 'mabhidhAnacintAmaNi' kI svopazanAmabhAvAvivRti [50 360, 461] meM bhI kSIrasvAma' ke nAma kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / ye saba kSIrasvAmI kadAcit eka hI vyakti rahe hoNge| usa dazA meM kSIrasvAmI ne mabhinavagupta ke kAla meM hI rAmacandra ke carita ko lekara apane irae 'abhinavarAghavam' nATaka kI racanA kI hogii| para yaha isa samaya upasampa nahIM ho rahA hai| (4) parjunacaritam-nATaghadarpaNa ke tRtIya viveka meM viruddha rasoM ke virodha yA pavirodha kI vyavasthA ke prakaraNa [kA0 1-23] meM 'arjunacarita' kA eka zloka kevala eka bAra nimna prakAra uddhRta kiyA gayA hai-- yathA pracunacarite samutthite dhanurvanI bhayAvahe kirITinaH / mahAnupaplavo'bhavat pure purandaraviSAm // patra nAyakasya vIraH, pratipakSANAM tu bhyaankH|" 'marjunacarita' ke lekhaka kA yahAM nATayadarpaNakAra ne koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai kintu isake nirmAtA 'vanyAlokakAra mAnandavardhana hai| yaha mAnandavardhana kA lisA eka mahAkAvya hai| mAnandavardhana ne apane dhvanyAloka meM do bAra isakA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai "vipakSaviSaye hi bhayAtizayavarNane nAyakasya bhayaparAkramAdisampat sutarAmughotitA bhavati / yathA madIye malunacarite arjunasya pAtAlAvataraNaprasaGge vaizana pradarzitam / " mAnandavarghana kA yaha arjunaparita nATaka nahIM apitu mahAkAvya hai isa bAta kA ullekha bhI unhoMne svayaM hI kiyA hai "yathA ra madIya eva parjuna carite mahAkAvye x x x" .. rudraTa ke kAvyAlaGkAra, kI. TIkA meM 'mami sAnu' - 'paryunacaritaM bhAnandavarSanAcAryaprAkRtakAvyam' likha kara samaparita kI sAphata kA kAmya batamAyA / kintu unakA
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________________ ( 17 ) yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai| jo isoka yahA~ mApadaNakAra ne usa kiyA hai vaha saMskRta kA pa hai, isalie yaha spaSTa hai ki arjunacarita prAnandavardhanAcArya kA saMskRta mahAkAvya hai / namisAdhu me binA dekhe ho anumAna se use prAkRta kAvya kaha diyA hai| yaha kAvya isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai, isalie usakA nAma prasiddha granthoM kI sUcI meM diyA hai| (5) indulekhAnATikA - nATacadarpaNa ke prathama viveka meM nirvahaNa adhi ke kAvyasaMhAra nAmaka dhana ke nirUpaNa ke prasa meM kArikA 65 ] satyakAra ne indulelA nATikA kA eka prAkRta bhAga uddhRta kiyA hai [nA0 da0 1465] / kintu isa nATikA kA kartA kauna hai ? isakA koI paricaya prabhI taka upalabdha nahIM huA hai| X (6) igbuselAvISI - nATaghadarpaNa ke dvitIya viveka meM 'bothI' ke pAMcaveM bhaGga [kA0 33] ke nirUpaNa ke prasajJa meM "yathA indulekhAyo vIcyArAjA - vayasya ! kiM nu kalahaMsanAdo, madhuro madhupAyinAM tu bhaMkAraH ? hRdayagRhadevatAyAstasyA sanUpuruSa raNaH // " nu yaha eka zloka uddhRta kiyA hai| mahArAja bhoja ke 'zrRGgAra prakAza' (12-188] tathA zAradAtanaya ke 'bhAvaprakAzana' [ adhiva, pR0 231] meM bhI yahI pakSa isI nAma se ur3ata kiyA gayA hai| kintu 'bhAvaprakAzana' meM 'hRdayagatadevatAyAH' ke sthAna para 'hRdayagatavedanAyAH ' pATha diyA gayA hai| nATaghadarpaNa tathA zRGgAraprakAza kA pATha eka hI hai, aura adhika macchA pATha hai / jaisA ki nAma se ho prakaTa hai 'indulekhA nATikA' tathA 'indulekhA vIthI' eka hI kathAnaka para Upara likhe hue do alaga grantha haiM, kintu donoM meM se kisI ke bhI kartA kA patA nahIM milatA hai / 1 (7) udayamacaritam - nATayadarpaNa ke tRtIya viveka meM ArabhaTI vatti ke nirUpaNa maiM 'kha' ke udAharaNa rUpa meM 'udayanacaritaM kili jahastiprayogaH' (pU: 140 ) isa rUpa meM 'udayana carita' kA ullekha kiyA hai / 'dazarUpaka' ko 'mavalIka' TIkA meM [2] 57, aura sAhitya darpaNa [ 6-135 ] maiM bhI isI rUpa meM udayanacaritra kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vaise udayana kI kathA saMskRta sAhitya meM pratyanta prasiddha aura bar3I vyApaka kathA hai| mUlataH udayana kA carita bRhatkathA se liyA gayA hai, aura usake sAdhAra para aneka nATakoM kI racanA huI hai / sambhava hai usake AdhAra para 'udayana efer' ares feet nATaka kI racanA huI ho / para vaha na upalabdha hai mora na unake kartA kA koI patA calatA hai| yahAM jisa rUpa meM usakA ullekha huA hai usake kisI vizeSa nATaka ke rUpa meM nahIM, khimAnya rUpa se udayana-kathAtmaka svayanacarita kA grahaNa karane se bhI kAma vaca sakatA hai| aise mAha ke kAvyolaGkAra meM vijigISumupanyasya vatsezaM vRddhadAma' [ 4-19], kAlidAsa ke mata meM 'prApyAyantI mudayana kathAkovidaprAmavRkSa prAcArya haribhadrasUri ke 'prAvazvaka sUtravRtti' meM [pU0 66-67, 673,605], prAcArya hemacandra viracita triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarite' [parya0 10 sa 11184-265 ], somaprabha ke kumArapAla pratibodha [ 80-59] mAdi jana-granthoM meM bhI samAna rUpa se udayana kI kathA kA ullekha milatA hai / thA bAta isa kathA kI pratyanta lokapriyatA kI sUcaka hai / L ( 5 ) udAsarAghavam nATaghavarSaNa meM 'udAtarAghava' nATaka kama kiyA gayA hai| pahalI bAra prathama viveka kI 45 vIM kI usase tIna dharI bAda
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________________ C prathama viveka kI bilkula samApti para praura tIsarI vAra caturtha viveka kI dvitIya kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM 'dazarUpaka' ke praloka-TIkAkAra ne tRtIya prakAza kI 25vIM kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM 'yamA chadmanA bAlivagho mAyurAjena udAttarAghave parityaktaH, isa rUpa meM udAttarAghava kA ullekha karate hue use mAyurAja kI kRti batalAyA hai| vakoktijIvita-kAra' kuntaka ne bhI 'yathA udAtta rAghave kavinA vaidagdhyavazena mArIcamRga mAraNAya prayAtasya lakSmaNasya paritrANArthaM sItayA kAtaratvena rAmaH prerita ityupanibaddham' isa rUpa meM 'udAttarAghava' kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina donoM ullekhoM se yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki isa 'udAttarAghava' ke kavi ne rAmacarita ko udAsa banAne ke lie usako kathAvastu meM naye saMzodhana kie hai| isIlie kuntaka ne likhA bhI hai ki "yathA ( ekasyAmeva dAzarathikathAryA) rAmAbhyudaya udAttarAghava-vAracarita bAlarAmAyaNakutyArAva - mAyApuSpakaprabhRtayaH / te hi prabandhapravarAstenaM va kathAmArgeNa miragaMlarasAjAragarbhasampadA pratipadaM prativAkyaM prati prakaraNaM ca prakAzamAnAbhinavabha X x x harSAtirekamanekazo'pyAsvAdyamAnaH samutpAdayanti sahRdayAnAm / " [vakrokti jIvita pR0 539 ] 'dazarUpakAvaloka' meM [3-56, 3-31, 4-23, 28] udAttarAghava ke tIna zloka bhI udghRta kie gae haiM / vizvanAtha ne sAhitya darpaNa [pari0 6, zloka 27, 50, 154] meM isake iloka udata kie haiN| bhojadeva ke 'zRGgAraprakAza' ( pR0 12], sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa [ 10 6451, hemacandrAcArya ke 'kAvyAnuzAsana' ko svopajJa malaGkAracUr3AmaNivRtti [pR0 150 ] meM bhI isake udAharaNa die gae haiN| isase yaha nATaka atyanta lokapriya rahA pratIta hotA hai| rAjazekhara ne 'mAyurAja' ko kalacuri vaMza kA kavi kahA hai| aisA jalhA-saMgrahIta 'sUktimuktAvalI' ke nimna lekha se pratIta hotA hai "rAjazekhara -- mAyurAjasamo jAto nAnyaH kalacuriH kaviH / udanvataH samuttasthuH kati vA tuhinAMzayaH // [jalharaNa- saMgrahIta sUktimuktAvalI 45 ] isa kAra bahuprazaMsita, bahucarcita yaha udAsarAghava nATaka nizcaya hI pratyanta uccakoTi kA nATaka rahA hogA. kintu durbhAgya se isa samaya yaha upalabdha nahIM ho rahA hai / ( 9 ) kRtyArAvaNam - nATyadarpaNakAra ne kRtyArAvaraNa ke 13 udAharaNa isa grantha meM die haiN| isa 'pramukha' meM ne 'avalagita' kA udAharaNa [ 2-36 ], prathama aGka se 'adhibala' kA udAharaNa [2 - 31] dvitIya zrama se 'vajra' kA udAharaNa [1-50 ], caturtha praka se 'prArthanA' kA udAharaNa [1-53], SaSTha aGka se 'vidrava' kA udAharaNa [ 1 - 54 ], mora saptama bharata se 'vizeSa' aura 'zakti' ke udAharaNa meM [1-56, 60] 7 udAharaNa to pras-nirdeza pUrvaka uddhata kie haiN| inake atirikta rUpa, yuti, kheda, zrAkSya, prArabhaTI-vRtti, praGgogyU ina 6 ke udAharaNa aGkollekha ke binA die haiN| isa prakAra kevala nATyadarpaNa' meM 13 bAra 'kRtyArAvaNa' nATaka kA ullekha huA hai / isake atirikta abhinavagupta kI abhinavabhAratI [zra0 10 pR0 410, zra0 50 pR0 104-105, pra0 42 pR0 176 kha0 2, 444, 523, 524 kha0 3 pR0 13, 40] meM jagaha bhojadeva ke 'zRGgArakAza' meM pra0 12, 187, 167, 200 tIna jagaha, hemacandrAcArya ke kAvyAnuzAsana-viveka meM eka jagaha [a0 6, pU0 279 ], zAradAtanaya ke bhAva
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________________ prakAza' meM [pR. 238, 241] do jagaha aura sAhityadarpaNa [pari0 6, iloka 137] meM bhI isakA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / kuntaka ne bhI vakroktijIvita meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| kintu 'zarakAvaloka' meM isakA eka bAra bhI ullekha nahIM milA yaha prAzcarya kI bAta hai.| itanA prasiddha yaha nATaka bhI prAja upalabdha nahIM ho rahA hai, yaha bhI pAzcarya kI bAta hai| (10) kozalikAnATikA-nATapadarpaNa ke prathama viveka kI dasavIM kArikA kI vyAkhyA ke prasaGga meM kevala eka bAra 'kozAlikAnATikA' kA ullekha pAyA hai| isa ullekha se vaha pratIta hotA hai ki yaha nATikA vatsarAba upavana ke caritra ko lekara likhI gaI thii| nATaparpaNa meM likhA hai- 'yathA madhIbhavanuta (1)zaviracitAyo kozAlikAyo nATikAyA kozAmikAprAhimadhikRtya pravRnasya varasagamasya na prAsanikam / " isa nATikA kA anyatra koI naslekha nahIM milatA hai, mora na yaha nATikA hI upalabdha hotI hai| (11)-vivArapalAvanika asara -jATaparpaNa ke prathama-viveka meM garmasahie sAtaveM maga 'udvega' ke udAharaNa ke prasaGga meM pranyakArane "yathA pramAtpasaMkuviracite citropamAvalambitake prakaraNe paJcame nepaye sacItkAram-" ityAdi kA meM citrotpamAvalambitaka' prakaraNa ko amAtya zaMkuka kI kuti ghoSita kiyA hai| zaMkuka kA nAma to sAhityazAstra ke itihAsa meM pratyanta prasiddha hai| kAvyaprakAzakAra ne rasa-nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM caturSa ullAsa meM, abhinavagupta ne 'abhinavabhAratI meM aneka bAra zaMkuka kA nAma ullekha kiyA hai| kintu saba jagaha unake mata kA khaNDana hI kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNArtha tena saMkukAdibhi.x xx vayaMva bahutaramupamyastam / [.2 pR. 67) zaMkukastvAha x x x etadapyasat / [pa0 6, 274] patvatra pakukenokta x x x tadasat [ma. 6, 282] iti dhiishNkukH| etacca pUrvAparavismaraNavijRmbhitamasya [adhyAya 6, 263] isI prakAra yahAM nATaghadarpaNa meM dvitIya viveka ke 'vIthI' nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM unake mata kI anupAdeyatA kA pratipAdana karate hue agthakAra ne likhA hai __ "zaMkukastu madhamaprakRteAyakatvamanicchan prahasanamANAdI hAsyarasapradhAne viTAde. nAyakatvaM pratipAdayan kathamupAdeyaH syAditi / " [nATa TyadarpaNa 2-28] rAjataraMgiNI [sa. 4,705] meM kavibudhamanaH sindhaH zazAMka: zaMkukAbhidhaH / yamuddizyAkarot kAvyaM suvanAbhyudayAbhiSam / / ityAdi para dvArA zaMkuka ko 'bhuvanAbhyudayam' nAmaka kAmya kA nirmAtA batalAyA hai| vallabhadeva-saMgrahIta subhASitAvali' meM [126, 538, 545, 750, 873, 874, 106, 1233, 1234, 3127, ..378 saMkhyA bAraha paraka ke nAma se ur3ata kie gae hai| mATapazAstra ke gyAlyAtA ke rUpa meM unakI vizeSa prasitipipApA ke kAmAnumAsana [pa. 2057 risAsvAtanA bhAvaprakAyana' (pa... 252 bI ka kA usleva miA
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________________ ( * ) gayA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki meM zaMkuka hI isa 'citrotpalArvalambitaka' prakaraNa ke nirmAtA hoNge| kintu ve kisake prapramAtya the isakA patA nahIM cala rahA hai| yaha grantha bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / (12) chaltirAmam - nATayadarpaNakAra ne cAra sthAnoM para 'chalitarAma' nATaka ke nAma kA ullekha karate hue udAharaNa prastuta kie hai| kuntaka ke vakroktijIvita meM bhI 'dalitarAma' kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / dhanika ke 'dazarUpakAvaloka' meM [1041, 3-13, 17] tIna sthaloM para, moja ke 'zRGgAraprakAza' [0 11, pR0 123], tathA sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa [10 377, 645 ] tathA vizvanAtha ke sAhityadarpaNa [ pari0 6 pa 261] meM bhI isakA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| kintu na to isake kartA kA patA calatA hai aura na yaha grantha hI upalabdha hotA hai / 'vyAyoga' ke lakSaNa ke (13) jAmadagnyajayaH - 'nATacadarpaNa' ke 'dvitIya viveka meM pra meM 'strInimitta saMgrAma' jisameM strI kI prApti ke lie saMgrAma na vaha vyAyoga hotA hai| isakA udAharaNa dikhalAne ke lie- 'strIti matrya saMgrAmasaMyuktazca / yathA- 'jAmadagnajaya parazurAmeNa sahasrAju tasya vaidhaH kRtaH / isa rUpa meM isa jAmadagnyajaya vyAyoga' kA ullekha kiyA hai / 'dazarUpaka ke mUla meM mora 'avaloka' TIkA meM bhI vyAyoga ke lakSaNa ke prasaGga meM 'astrInimi tazca saMgrAmo jAmadagnyajaye yathA' [ 3-61], likha kara isakA nirdeza isI rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai / kintu isakI racanA kisane kaba kI isakA koI patA nahIM lagA hai| yaha grantha bhI isa samaya upalabdha nahIM ho rahA hai / (14) taraGgavatam - nATyadarpaNa ke dvitIya viveka meM 'prakaraNa' ke nirUpaNa prasaGga meM kA0 3 tathA 4 kI vyAkhyA meM do jagaha 'taraGgavatta' prakaraNa kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| dhanika ke 'dazarUpakAvaloka' [3-38], zAradAtanaya ke 'bhAvaprakAzana' [bhUSi08, 10 243], praura vizvanAtha ke sAhityadarpaNa [pari0 6 0 226 ] meM bhI isakA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai kintu isakA kartA kauna hai isa viSaya meM koI patA nahIM calatA hai, bhora na yaha grantha milatA hai / (15) devIcandraguptam - mATayadarpaNa' meM sAta vAra devI candraguta nATaka kA ullekha bhASA hai mora use 'mudrArAkSasakAra' vizAladeva yA vizAkhadatta kI kRti batalAyA gayA hai / ina udAharaNoM se isa nATaka kI kathAvastu prAyaH spaSTa ho jAtI hai / rAjA rAmagupta ne prabala zakarAya ke mAMgane para apanI rAnI dhruvadevI ko zakarAja ko samarpita kara denA svIkAra kara liyaa| bAda ko rAmagupta ke bhAI candragupta dhruvadevI ke veSa meM zakarAja ke zivira meM gayA maura vahAM pahu~ca kara candragupta ne zakarAja kA vadha kara DAlA, yaha isa nATaka kI kathA hai| isa kathA kA ullekha 'harSacarita' meM pAyA jAtA hai "zakAnAmAcAryaH zakAdhipatiH candragupta bhrAtRjAyAM dhruvadevIM prArthayamAnaH, candraguptena gha. badevIveSadhAriNA strIveSajanaparivRtena rahasi vyApAdita iti / " [ harSacarita u0 5 0 270 ] 'kAvyamImAMsA' meM bhI isa kathA kA ullekha prAtA haidavA ruddhagatiH khasAdhipataye devIM dhruvasvAminIM yasmAt khaNDitasAhaso nivavate zrIrAmagupto nRpaH / [ kAvyamImAMsA 0950 47 ]
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________________ isa kathA ko lekara devIyApta nATaka kI kamAI bhI baneka gaha pAyA jAtA hai| kintu yaha anya isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai| mudrArAkSasa rAdhA devIcandra gupta ke atirikta 'mabhisArikavayitaka' nAmaka eka mAra mTaka bhI vizAkhadeva ne banAyA thaa| isa bAta kA ullekha abhinavabhAratI [4. 22 pR0 197, vaNa 3 pR0 28] tathA 'zRMgAraprakAza' meM milatA hai / yaha nATaka vatsarAja udayana ke paritako kara likhA gayA thA, yaha bAta bhI nimna uddharaNoM se vidita hotI hai "ythaa liy'aabr'nim gaagaaphilsstti hy' blii hiy'aa pAt lIlAceSTitAt kAmaH prtyaaliiyH|""- . : bhi.pA . 29 10 197] "yathA zrIvizAladevakRte bhisArikApatake vatsarAjaH sambhAvitaputravadhAya papAvatya kustama cAmyavAda mAraR pR0 197) 16. payonidhimapanamAyaNa sviIya viko 'samavakAra' ke nirUpaNa prasaMga meM 'patra dvAdaza netAraH phala sevA pRSaka papaI kiM vAharaNa meM 'yathA payonidhimeyane hari-bami-prabhRtInAM samayAdilAmAH' isa rUpa meM 'payodhimathana' kA ullekha hone se yaha 'samavakAra' pratIta hotA hai / 'dazarUpaka' ke samavakAra nirUpaNa meM bhI 'bahuvIrarasAH sarve yavadambhodhimanyane' [3-64] isa rUpa meM 'ambhodhimathana' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yaha 'payodhimathana' kA hI dUsarA nAmAntara hai| bhomadeva ke 'zRMgAraprakAza' meM [pra. 11 pR. 148) tathA hemacandrAcArya * 'kAmyAnuzAsana meM apabhraMza bhASA meM likhe gae eka 'madhimathata' kA ullekha nimna prakAra milatA hai "yo'pabhrazanibaddho mAtrAchandobhirabhimato'lpaSiyAm / vAcyaH sa sandhibandhaH catumusoktAdhimapanAdi // " [zRMgAraprakAza pR0 21, pR0 148] apabhraMzabhASAnibaddhasandhibandhamathanAdi / [kAvyAnuzAsana 0 8 10 130] patA nahIM isI 'mamdhimathana' ko nATyadarpaNa kAra ne yahA~ 'payodhimathama' ke nAma se niviSTa kiyA hai, yA yaha koI alaga grantha hai / na yaha grantha milatA hai aura na usake kartA mAdi kA patA calatA hai| 16. pANDavAnandam - nATyadarpaNa ke dvitIya viveka meM vIthI' ke 'udghAtyaka' nAmaka 11veM aMga ke udAharaNa meM pANDavAnanda kA sUtradhAra sapA pAripazvika kI ukti-pratyukti ma 'kA bhUSA balinA kSamA' ityAdi eka zloka uvRta kiyA gayA hai| usakI pravataraNikA meM- 'yathA pAgavAnande sUtradhAra-paripAzvikayoktipratyuktI-' isa rUpa meM 'pANDavAnanda' kA ullekha kiyA, gayA hai| pIpI' ke prasaMga meM nirdiSTa hone ke kAraNa yaha 'bIthI' hai aisA anumAna hotA hai| 'pampakAvaloka' meM 'udghAtyaka' ke udAharaNa rUpa meM tanika se pATha bheda ke sAtha yahI paca ur3ata kiyA gayA hai| 'abhinavabhAratI' [ma. 18 pu. 454] meM bhI 'pANDavAnanda' kA yaha para sar3ata humA hai aura bAradAtanaya ke 'mAvaprakAzama' [10 230] meM bhI yaha paca pANDavAnanda' se ur3ata pAvA pAtA hai| kintu isakA kartA kauna pA isakA kucha bhI patA nahIM calatA hai porana yaha anya
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________________ 17. pArSavijayam-nATaparpaNa ke prathama viveka meM pratimukha sandhi ke pATha graMga 'tApa' tathA 'anumarpaNa' ke nirUpaNa ke prasaMga meM 'yathA pArtha vijaye' likha kara tIna bAra 'pArthavijaya ke uddharaNa die gae haiN| bhojarAja ke 'zRMgAra prakAza meM bhI [50 12, prA0 vi0 pR0 164, 167. 191] sAma, dUta rUpa sandhyaMgo ke udAharaNa rUpa meM pArthavijaya' ke kucha ghaMza uddhRta kie gaye hai| __ "tatra pumo'pi hrIH yathA 'pArthavijaye' gandharvaH parAjitasya baddhasya arjunena vikramya mocitasya duryodhanasya / " "tatra sAma yathA pArthavijaye' bhagavAn vAsudevo dautyena gato duryodhanamAha" zRgAraprakAza pra0 12, prA0 vi0 pR0 197, 16.] 'sUktamuktAvalI' meM rAjazekhara ke nAma se nimna padya uddhRta huprA hai katuM trilocanAdanyaH kaH pArSavijayaM kSamaH / tadarthaH zakyate draSTuM locanayimiH katham / / " sUktamuktAvalI pi0 ri0 2, 63] isa zloka se pratIta hotA hai ki isa 'pArthavijaya' ke nirmAtA trilocana kavi hai| prasiddha dArzanika vAcaspati mizra ne 'nyAyavAtika tAtparyaTIkA' meM 'trilocanagurUnItamArgAnugamanonmukhaH' likha kara trilocana apanA guru ghoSita kiyA hai| inhIM trilocana kavi kA banAyA humA yaha pArthavilaya' nATaka thaa| kintu isa samaya taka upalabdha yA prakAzita nahIM humA hai| 18. puSpadUtikam --'nATyadarpaNa' ke prathama tathA dvitIya viveka meM kula milA kara mATha sthAnoM para 'puSpagutikam' ke nAma tathA usake uddharaNa die gae haiN| 'vakroktijIvita' kA jo uddharaNa hama 'kRtyArAvaNa' ke vivecana ke prasaMga meM pRSTha 38 para de pAe hai usameM bhI 'puSpa dUtika' kA nAma pAyA hai| abhinavabhAratI [a0 18 pR. 432] tathA 'dazarUpakAvaloka' [pra0 3, zloka 45] meM 'puSpatika' kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| isameM samudra datta nAmaka pariNaka nAyaka aura kulastrI rUpa nandayantI nAyikA kI kathA dI gaI hai / vividha granthoM meM isake uddharaNa milane para yaha grantha prAja upalabdha yA prakAzita nahIM hai| 19. pratimAnitam-'nATyadarpaNa' ke prathama viveka ke anta meM-'zrI bhImadevasUnovaMsunAgasya kRto pratimAniruddha' ina zabdoM meM 'pratimAniruddha' nATaka kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| abhinavabhAratI [50 16, pR0 3] meM bhI bhImadeva-sUnu vasunAga kI kRti ke rUpa meM 'pratimAniruddha' kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 'vakroktijIvita' meM kevala nATaka ke nAma kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai : vallabhadeva-saMgRhIta 'subhASitAvalI' meM [zloka 1274, 1283, 1363] tIna eloka vasunAga kRta uddhRta kie gae hai / 'pratimAniruddha' ke nirmAtA vasunAga ke hI banAe hue pratIta hote haiM / yaha nATaka bhI isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai| . 20. prayogAmyukyam--nATyadarpaNa ke dvitIya viveka meM 'vIthI' ke caturtha aMga 'prapaMca' ke nirUpaNa ke prasaMga meM vidUSaka aura ceTI kA saMvAda 'prayogAbhyudaya' se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha 'vIthI' zreNI kA rUpaka hai| bhojadeva ke 'bhaMgAraprakAra
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________________ meM bhI[ 8.19 prayogAmyuSya' kA ThIka vahI sa udAhumA hai| parantu yaha anya zrI isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai| 21. bAlikAvambitakam-jalavilAsa meM 'bAlikAvaMcitaka' ke samAharaNa rokAra die gae haiN| eka udAharaNa usake pAmuka se liyA gayA hai| usameM 'bIpI' ke nava bhaga 'mAlI' kA prayoga nimna prakAra divasAyA hai"yA bAlikAvaMcita pAripAzvika: tapanIyojjvalakarakaM. kuvalayApi bhaasmaanaakaale| tejomayaM dinakarAd dvitIyamAvava me bhUtam / / patra nigUDho mAravalakSaNo'rthaH ..... loke "dvitIyamenaM 'muni pazva' iti catupAdAnyaSAkaraNena vyAzyAta iti|" [nArayadarpaNa 2-35] isameM prAkAza-mArga se kRSNa ke pAsa pAte hue nArada kA varNana hai| dUsare sthAna para"yathA vA bAlikAvaJcitake riSTastAvaduraprabhRGgavikaTaH zailendrakalpA vRSaH, saptadvIpasamudrajasya payasaH zoSakSamA pUtanA / kezI vAjitanuH khuraivighaTayedApanagAMnmedinI, sArtha bandhubhirevamUjitabalaM kA kaMsamAskandati // " [nATayavarpaNa 2-32] mAdi zloka isa 'bAlikAvaJjitaka' se uddhRta kie gae haiN| ina uddharaNoM se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha rUpaka kRSNa kI kathA ko lekara likhA gayA hai, aura usameM 'bAlikA' pada kadAcit rASA ke lie prayukta hupA hogA / durbhAgya se yaha rUpaka bhI upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| 22. manoramAvatsarAjam-nATa padarpaNa ke dvitIya vikeka meM 'vIthI' ke 'prasattAlApa' nAmaka pakSa ke nirUpaNa ke prasaGga meM kevala eka vAra isakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| usameM "yathA bhImaTa-viracite manoramAvatsarAje" isa rUpa meM isa rUpaka kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| jaisA ki isake nAma se hI prakaTa hai yaha rUpaka vatsarAja udayana kI kathA ko lekara likhA gayA hai| udayana ke bharita ko lekara saMskRta sAhitya meM bhaneka granthoM kI racanA huI hai| (1) vAsavadatA, (2) vINAvAsavadattA, (3) svapnavAsavadattA, (4) pratijJAyogandharAyaNa, (5) ratnAvalI, (6) priyadarzikA, (7) kauzAlikA, (8) abhisArikAzitaka, (E) tApasavatsarAja, (10) udayanacarita mAdi sabhI grantha eka hI kathA ko lekara. likhe gae hai| bhImaTa kavi kA yaha 'manoramAvatsarAja' rUpaka usI zreNI meM prAtA hai| isake nirmAtA bhImaTa ke viSaya meM alhaNa-saMkalita 'sUktamuktAvalI' meM eka paMca pAyA hai - kalijarapatizpake bhImaTa: paJcanATakIm / prApapravandharAjatvaM teSu svapnadazAnanam // [sUktamukAbalI 2:63] arthAt bhImaTa kavi kaliyara ke rAjA the| unhoMne pAMca nATaka banAe the jinameM 'svapna-dazAnana' nAmaka sarvazreSTha thA / piTasana prAdi ke anusAra 'rAvaNImAna' kAvya ke nirmAtA bhIma aura phalibhararAja bhImaTa eka hI vyakti hai| veda kI bAta hai ki unakI yaha kati bhI pAnI taka prakAza meM nahIM pAI hai|
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________________ ( ). 23. mallikAmakaragyam - yaha rAmacandra kA aers banAyA 'prakaraNa' rUpa hai| 'nATyadarpaNa' ke tRtIya viveka kI 21vIM kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM 'yathA vA asmadupaza mallikAmakarande prakaraNe - isa rUpa meM 'mallikAmakaranda' kA udAharaNa kevala eka dhAra diyA gayA hai| bhAja se 300 varSa pahile 17vIM zatAbdI meM kAntivijayagaraNa dvArA taiyAra kie gae sUcIpatra meM 'tasyaiva [ paM0 rAmacandrasya ] mallikAmakarandanATakam' 1500 / [purAtatva pu0 de0 pra0 4 424- 128 ] isa rUpa meM mallikAmakaranda. ko rAmacandra kA nATaka batalAyA hai| kintu yaha ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki granthakAra ne svayaM use 'nATaka' ke sthAna para 'prakaraNa' kahA hai / 1500 iloka arthAt manuSTup isakA parimANa thA, kintu yaha grantha bhaba taka praprApya bhora aprakAzita hai / prAsyaM hAsyakaraM zazAGkayazasAM bimbAdharaH sodaraH pIyUSasya vacAMsi manmathamahArAjasya tejAMsi ca / dRSTivipacandrikA, stanataTI lakSmInaTInATaghabhUH praucityAcaraNaM vilAsakaraNaM tasyAH prazasyAvadheH || 24. mAyApuSpakas- 'nATayadarpaNa' ke prathama viveka meM 'bIja' kA nirUpaNa karane bAlI 21vIM kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM - heet mAyApuSpake zApaH pravizya vacanakrameNAha - isa rUpa meM mAyApuSpaka kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| isI prakAra Age patAkA lakSaNa ke prasaMga meM [kA0 33] phira 'yathA mAyApuSpake' likha kara eka udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai. ina udAharaNoM se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha nATaka hai aura rAmacandra kI kathA ko lekara likhA gayA hai / abhinavabhAratI [ zra0 13 pU0 216, a0 19 pR0 10, ma0 22 pR0 169 ] meM bhI tIna vAra isakA ullekha huA hai, maura kuntaka ke 'vakroktijIvita' kA jo uddharaNa hama abhI 'kRtyArAvaNa' kI vivecanA (90 38) meM de pAe haiM usameM bhI 'mAyApuSpaka' ke nAma kA ullekha hai / kintu isa nATaka kA kartA kauna hai isake viSaya meM koI patA nahIM calatA hai, aura na yaha nATaka aba taka prakAzita hI hudhA hai / mAra kara 5 dikhAvA hai kaikeyI vava pativratA bhagavatI kvaivaMvidhaM vAgviSaM, dharmAtmA kara raghUdahaH kva gamito'raNyaM sajAyAnujaH / kva svaccha bharataH kva vA pitRvadhAnmAtrA'dhikaM dahyate kiM kRtveti kRto mayA dazarathe'vadhye kulasya kSayaH // " 25. mAyayAbhyubabana - yaha nATaka svayaM nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra kavi kA banAyA huA hai / 'yathA vA vasmayupaza eva yAdavAbhyudaye likha kara granthakAra ne apane isa nATaka se sAta sthAnoM para udAharaNa uddhRta kie haiM / granthakAra ke paricaya ke prasaGga meM hamane unake 'raghuvilAsa' nATaka ke pramukha se jo uddharaNa diyA thA usameM unakI sarvazreSTha pAMca nATakoM meM isa 'yAdavAbhyudaya nATaka' kA bhI nAma hai| jaisA ki isake nAma se hI pratIta hotA hai isameM yaduvaMzI kRSNa ke caritra kA varNana hai / kaMsa aura jarAsandha prAdi bhArata para kRSNa ke sAmrAjya kA pradarzana usake kAvyopasaMhAra ke nimna zloka
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________________ bAto ghoSabhuvA vidhRtya madhujit, kaMsa: kSayaM lambhitA, sampratyeva vinirmitaM magadhabhUbha: kavandhaM vapuH / pAdAkrAntamajAyatAIbharataM tad ahi naH kiM paraM? seyo'smAdapi pANDaveza! punarapyAzAsmahe yad vayam / / [nATyadarpaNa 1-61] yaha nATaka yoM to svayaM nATapadarpaNakAra rAmacandra kA banAyA hamA hai, kintu aba taka anupalabdha aura aprakAzita hai / prataH yahAM usakA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| 26. ravilAsam-granthakAra ke paricaya ke prasaGga meM 'raghuvilAsa' kA jo uddharaNa hama Upara de cuke haiM usase spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki yaha 'raghuvilAsa' nATaka nATaghadarpaNakAra rAmacandra ko apanI kRti hai, aura vaha unake sarvazreSTha pAMca nATakoM meM se eka hai| nATaghadapaMNa meM unhoMne apane isa nATaka ke 14 udAharaNa die haiN| kintu durbhAgya kI bAta hai ki svayaM nATyadarpaNakAra kA yaha nATaka bhI prAja taka upalabdha tathA prakAzita nahIM ho sakA hai| 27. rAghavAbhyudayam-'yAdavAbhyudaya ke samAna yaha 'rAghavAbhyudaya' nATaka bhI nATapadapaMNakAra rAmacandra kA apanA banAyA humA nATaka hai, aura unake sarvottama pAMca nATakoM meM ginAyA gayA hai| jainasAhitya saMgraha khaM0 1 0 2 kI 'rAghavAbhyudayaM nATakaM paM0 rAmacandra kRtaM 10 mam' isa TippaNI se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha nATaka dasa grahoM kA bar3A nATaka hai| kintu anya kRtiyoM ke samAna aba taka anupalabdha mora paprakAzita hai| 26. rAdhAvipralambham-'nATayadarpaNa' ke prathama viveka ke bhAta meM 'yathA bhejalaviracite rAdhAvipralambhe rAsakAGka parikara-parinyAsayorupakSepeNaMva gatavAna tannibandhaH / evaM parasparAntarbhAve caturaGgo'pi kvApi sandhirbhavati / " isa rUpa meM granthakAra ne 'rAdhAvipralambha' ko bhejjala-kavi viracita rAsakAra batalAyA hai| isakA ullekha mabhinavabhAratI meM bhI bhAyA hai paura vahAM isakA eka zloka nimna prakAra uddhRta kiyA gayA hai-- medhAvizikhaNDi-tANDavavidhAvAcAryakaM kAlpayan nirjhayo bhurajasya mUrchatitarAM vegusvanApUritaH / vINAyAH kalayan layena gamakAnugrAhiNIM mUcrchanAM kalaMtyeSa ca kAlakuTTitalayAM ramyazrati SADave / " - [abhinavabhAratI dillI saMskaraNa pR0 21] isI padya ko abhinavabhAratI ke paMcamAdhyAya meM phira 'bhejjalanAmnA nijarUpake uktam' [ma. 5 pR0 214 pra0 6] isa avataraNikA ke sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai| 'zRGgAraprakAza' meM 'yayA rAsakAGka' pri0 12, pR0 182] ina zabdoM meM kadAcita isI 'rAsakAra kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 26. rAmAbhyudayam-nATaghadarpaNa meM anyakAra ke nAma kA ullekha kie binA sthAnoM para 'rAmAbhyudaya nATaka' ke uddharaNa die gae hai| isa nATaka ke dvitIyA se sItA ke prati sugrIva kI sandezokti, mArIca, rASaNa aura prahastahA saMvAda. die gae hai| artha maLU se sItA ke pagni-praveza prAdi 'paripUhana' ke udAharaNa me, sItA-parivAna kA mavamAnana 'pala sAharaNa meM, bhASA-ziromana 'pArapaTI'
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________________ (v) ke lakSaNa ke avasara para bilAe hai| dhvanyAloka [udyota 2, 133] dhvanyAlokalocana [ udyota 3, 148] zRGgAra prakAza' [0 12186, 201]. 'bhAvaprakAzana' [07, 200 212] Adi meM bhI isa nATaka kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| dhvanyAloka -kAMcana [ udyota 3. 50 448 ] ke ullekha se hI yaha vidita hotA hai ki isa nATaka ke karttA yazovarmA hai| kSemendra ke |susatilaka' [2, 39 3 22] tathA vallabhadeva-saMgrahIta subhASitAvalI' [10 604] meM yazovarmA kI kRtirUpa ye kucha zloka uddhata kie gae haiN| ve sambhavata isI nATaka se lie gae hai / yazovarmA nAma ke eka rAjA kannauja meM hue haiN| unakA kAzmIrarAja lalitAditya se yuddha huA thA, cora uma yuddha meM yazovarmA ko parAjaya kA duHkha dekhanA pdd'aa| unake isa yuddha kA varNana 'rAjataraMgiNI' meM kiyA gayA hai kavivAkpati rAjabhavabhUtyAdisevitaH / jito yayo zovarmA tadguNastutivanditAm // 'prabhivanabhAratI' zrAdi ke nirmAtA abhinava gupta ke lagabhaga 200 varSa pUrva unake pUrvaja pratrigupta inhIM kAnyabjezvara yazovarmA ke yahAM rahate the| isa yuddha meM vijaya prApta karane ke bAda kAThamIra nareza bar3e sammAna pUrvaka unako apane yahAM liyA le gae the| abhinavagupta ne svayaM apane 'taMtrAloka' grantha meM isa ghaTanA kA varNana nimna zlokoM meM kiyA hai ni doSazAstrasadanaM kila madhyadezaH, tarimannajAyata guNAbhyadhiko vijanmA | ko vyatrigupta iti nAmanirutagotra :, zAstrAbdhicarvaNakalokhadagastya gotraH / / tama lalitAdityo rAjA svakaM puramAnayat / pravarabhasAda kAzmIrAkhyaM himAlaya mUrdhajam // [gajataraMgiNI ta0 4, 144 ] [mantrAloka, ma0 27] ina yazovarmA ke yahA~ vidvAnoM kA saMgraha thaa| kavi vAkpatirAja bhavabhUti bhAdi inhIM kI rAjamabhA meM rahate the| sambhava hai inhIM yazovarmA ne isa 'rAmAbhyudaya' nATaka kI racanA kI ho / yaha nATaka bhI aba taka upalabdha yA prakAzita nahIM huA hai / * 30. rohiNI mRgA nATapadapaMNa ke prathama viveka meM 'mukhasandhi' ke 'parinyAsa' nAmaka tRtIya bhaGga ke nirUpaNa-prasaGga maiM - 'yathA vA asmadupaze rohiNIsugA bhidhAne prakaraNe mRgAGkaM prati vasantaH / ' isa rUpa meM 'rohiNImugAr3a' ko nATyadarpaNakAra ne svayaM apanI kRti ghoSita kiyA hai / Age phira 'mukha sandhi' ke paribhAvanA nAmaka 12 meM aGga ke udAharaNa rUpa meM bhI 'rohiNImRgA' prakaraNa se eka zloka uddhava kiyA hai| para yaha 'prakaraNa' bhI isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai / 31. mApAmATikA- 'rohilI sugAr3a' prakaraNa ke samAna 'banamAlAnATikA' bhI . svayaM nATyadarpaNakAra kI kRti hai| haMDA ki unhoMne tRtIya viveka meM 21 vIM kArikA kI vyAsta 'pAina sammoM 7: kiyA hai|
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________________ bahaSTTippaNI para rakhake bhAgAra para pAnI' mAri . 338] isa banamAmA nATikA ko amaracandra kI gati tanAmA hai| kintu yaha ThIka nahIM hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki rAmacandra svAna para muMba.se pracandra likha diyA gayA hai| gaNi-kAntiviruSa ke lie prAcImAndA sUvipatra' meM to 'pa. rAmacandrakasA vanamAlAmATikA noka..[purAtala pu0.6.4,424. 428] ina zabdoM meM 'bamamAmA mATikA' ko rAvaNa kI itihI sAvA hai| samATikA kA kevala eka hI udAharaNa nATyadarpaNa meM diyA gayA hai, aura yaha savA mala kI bAbatIta ukti ke rUpa meM hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki usa mATikA kI rapamA bhI mala- bantI parita ko lekara kI gaI hai| kintu yaha nATikA bhI isa samaya taka upalabdha ka prakAzita nahIM huI hai| (32) zipivilasitam-mATyarpaNa ke prathama viveka meM vimarza santi ke samaya ke prasaGga [kA0 39) meM viSivitadhitana' kA kevala eka uddharaNa nimna prakAra diyA hai devato yayA viSivilasite pAme"cukI-hA vik kaSTam, nabollabhyaH prAnaH karmavipApavArtA'pi naiva yavihAsti saM rASacandraH tenojjhitA vidhivimohitacetanena / ' devA vane tridazanApavilAsinImiH, katuM gatA jagati saspamiti prvaadH||" isa udAharaNa kI lakSaNa ke sAtha yojanA karate hue nATyadarpaNakAra ne likhA hai-. "patra sUdAcArAvalambini nale devatyakta-damayantI-rAjyaprAptividhanako vimrshH|" isa paMkti se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki nala-damayantI ke caritra ko lekara isa nATaka kA racanA kI gaI thii| kintu isakA nirmAtA kauna thA isakA kucha patA nahIM pltaa| nATaka bhI aba saka upalabSa tathA prakAzita nahIM humA hai / __33. vilakSAburyodhanama-nATyadarpaNa ke prathama viveka meM 'pratimukha-zani ke zavama mA 'puSpa' ke udAharaNa [kA0 46] rUpa meM yathA vilabhaduryodhane-bhISmaH etate hadayaM spRzAmi yadi kA sAkSI tavaivAtmaka, sampratyeva tu nohe yavamavat tat tAvadAkarmyatAm / eka: pUrvamuvAyuSaiH sa bahubhihastato'nantaraM yAvanto vayamAhavapraNayinaH tAvanta evaapuNnaaH|| isa eka udAharaNa ke atirikta anyatra kahIM bhI vilAduryodhana kA nAma nahIM milatA hai| isa lie yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki isakA kartA kona hai / vaha nATakamA sakarASita bhI nahIM hupA hai| 34. supAkala-'mATyapaMkha' ke dvitIya viveka meM bIbI muhaba' bhAmaka ke.nirUpaNa meM 'yathA prasmadupar3e sudhAkamaze' pora 'papA supAkala ina avatarasikAyoM ke sAtha do pasoka upAharaNa rUpa meM prastuta kie hai| ye donoM hI noka prAkRta bhASA hai| isase hamatIla hotA hai ki yaha 'supAkamazaH' nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacanako sundara gApAmayI bayA bhAva-mAyA pradhAna iti hai| yaha koI nATakamA kalahI..anie guNApi sahavAsa aura
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________________ sAhitya saMzoSakasaM0 150 2] 'sudhAkalazAsyasubhASitAkoza: paM0 rAmacandrakaMtaH" isa lekha se pratIta hotI hai / purAtatva [pu0 8 ma0 4, 424, 428] meM paM0 rAmacandrakRtaH sudhAkalazaH 1300' isa lekha se yaha bhI pratIta hotA hai ki isameM 1300 zloka the| isameM prAkRta zlokoM kI pradhAnatA thii| yaha grantha bhI aba taka anupalabdha tathA aprakAzita hai| 35. hapapIvavaSam-'hayagrIvavadha' saMskRta sAhitya kA pratyanta prasiddha grantha hai| isake racayitA bhatu meSTha hai| inakI bhI saMskRta sAhitya meM pratyanta prazaMsA pAI jAtI hai| kAvyamImAMsAkAra rAjazekhara ne likhA hai-prArambha meM jo prAdi kavi vAlmIki pe. ghe hI agale janma meM bhartu meNTha bane the| usake bAda bhartR meNTha ne bhavabhUti ke rUpa meM janma liyA aura bhAja ve hI bhartR meNTha rAjazekhara ke rUpa meM upasthita hai| isa prakAra rAjazekhara ne bhartu meNTha ke sAtha-sAtha apanI bhI prazasA kara lI hai / rAjazekhara kA zloka nimna prakAra hai babhUva valmIki bhavaH purA kaviH, tataH prapede bhuvi mata meNThatAm / sthitaH punaryo bhavabhUtirekhayA sa vartate samprati rAjazekharaH / / [bAlarAmAyaNa 1-16, bAlabhArata pra0 12] rAjazekhara ne hI dUsarI jagaha kAvyamImAMsA meM yaha likhA hai ki vizAlA arthAt ujjayinI nagarI meM prAkara bar3e-bar3e mahAkaviyoM kI parIkSA hotI hai ki kauna kitane pAnI meM hai| usameM mAkara hI kAlidAsa pora mata meNTha kI parIkSA huii| yahIM mAkara pramara, rUpa, sUra mora bhAravi kA yaza phailA, paura harizcandra tathA candragupta kI parIkSA bhI yahIM mAkara huii| ina saba kaviyoM meM kAlidAsa, mata meNTha tathA bhAravi tIna to prasiddha kavi hai, zeSa pratyanta praprasiddha kavi hai / phira bhI apane samaya meM ujjayinI meM usakA apanA kucha vizeSa gaurava rahA hogaa| rAjazekhara kA yaha loka nimna prakAra hai iha kAlidAsa-mata meSThI patrAmara-rUpa-sUra-mAravayaH / haricandra-candra gupto parIkSitAviha vizAlAyAm // [kAvya mImAMsAyAm maM0 10 pR0 55] rAjazekhara bhata meNTha ke bar3e bhatta aura prazaMsaka the| yaha bAta ina Upara uddhRta die hue donoM zlokoM se spaSTa pratIta hotI hai / balhaNa kI saMgRhIta 'sUktamuktAvalI' meM bhI rAjazekhara ke nAma se eka padya milatA hai, jisameM rAjarokhara ne bhata meNTha kI sUktiyoM kI tulanA 'maNi' arthAt hAthI ko hokane vAle aMkuza se aura kaviyoM kI tulanA kuMjara se arthAt hAthI se kI hai| rAjazekhara kA kahanA hai ki jaise 'suriNa' ke lagane para hAthI kA sira ghUmane lagatA hai isI prakAra sameTha kI sUktiyoM ko par3ha kara kavikuMjara marthAt mahAkaviyoM ke sira jhUmane lagate hai| apanI isa sundara kalpanA ko unhoMne zloka meM nimna prakAra vyakta kiyA hai "vakrokrayA meSTharAjasya vahantyA maNirUpatAm / mAmilA punvanti mUrSAnaM kvikunraaH||" [muktamuktAvalI 2-64] zAMgharapaddhati meM bhI bha meraTha ke bAma kA ullekha nimna zloka meM pAyA jAtA hai mAso rAmila-sobhitI vararuciH zrI sAhasAkaviH chogArajitakAlibAsa-taratAbA sumadhuca / /
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________________ daNDI bANa-divAkarI gaNapatiH kAntazca ratnAkaraH siddhA yasya sarasvatI rasavatI ke tasya sarve'pi te / / ___ [zArgadharapaddhati 188] kavi padmaguptane bhI-jinakA dUsarA nAma parimala bhI thA--'navasAhasAMkacarita' nAmaka apane anya meM mata meNTha kA smaraNa bar3e mAdara ke sAtha karate hue unakI prazaMsA-sUcaka nigna do haloDa likhe hai tattvaspRzaste kavayaH purANAH zrI bhata meNTha prayukhA jayanti / nistrizaSArAsahazena yeSAM vaidarbhamArgeNa giraH pravRttAH / / [navasAhasAMkacarita 5] mata meNTha sahA kavi saMsAra meM sarvotkarSazAlI hai jinakI vANI talavAra kI dhAra ke samAna vaidarbhI rIti kA avalambana karake pravAhita hotI rahatI hai / isa padya meM bhartR meNTha ke kAvya meM vaidarbhI rIti kI pradhAnatA sUcita karate hue usakI atyanta prazaMsA aura usake prati mAdara bhASa ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| unhIM padmagupta ne bhartR meNTha kI prazaMsA meM dUsarA zloka nimna prakAra likhA hai pUrNendubimbAdapi sundarANi, teSAmadUre purato yazAMsi / ye bhartu meSThAdikabIndrasUkti vyaktopaviSTena payA prayAnti // " [navasAhasAMkacarita ] marthAt jo navIna kavigaNa bhatR meNTha jaise kavIndra kI sUktiyoM dvArA spaSTa rUpa se upaviSTa mArga para calate haiM, arthAt bhartR meSTha ke samAna vaidarbhI rIti kA avalammAna karate hai unako zIghra hI pUrNimA ke mandramA se bhI adhika sundara yaza prApta hotA hai / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM kina kevala rAjazekhara hI bhartRmeNTha ke prazaMsaka hai, apitu payApta bhI unake vaise hI bhakta aura prazaMsaka pratIta hote haiN.| 'sUkamuktAvalI tayA 'zAGgAdharapaddhati' bhI bhatu meSTha kA guNagAna kara rahI hai| inhIM prasiddha kavirAja bha meNTha ne 'hayagrIvavarSa' nAmaka mahAkAvya kI racanA kI thii| kAzmIra ke itihAsa 'rAjataraMgiNI'. meM aisI kathA dI huI hai ki bhat bheNTha apane 'hayagrIna vadha' nAmaka navanirmita mahAkAvya ko lekara kAzmIrAdhipati mAtRpta ke yahA~ ge| vahA~ unhoMne apanA sArA mahAkAvya rAjA ko sunAyA, para yahAM unheM eka bAra sAdhuvAda prApta nahIM hupA ma unako rAjA kI parasikatA aura apane prakavitva donoM para bar3I pani huii| de apanI puskAra ! bApa mage to rAjA ne uThakara eka sone kA pAtra usake nIce lagA diyA ki kahIM isakAvya kA mAdhurya nIce na bikhara jAya / ma meSTha rAjA ke hRdaya kA bhASa samajha kara atyanta bAhue, aura unhoMne anubhava kiyA ki mujhe merI racanA ke anurUpa mAdara Apta ho gyaa| isase aphoko samama mAra, bAda meM rAmAnesako jo panAdi diyA vaha 6 unako anAvazyaka . sA pratIta hupA / rAjataraMgiNIkAra ne isa sundara ghaTanA kA ulala binama ra kiyA hai hayagrIvavaSaM mestadane saMyan na / mAsamApti to nApat sAdhu sAdhviti vA patraH / / atha apayituM tasmin pustakaM prasture nyayAt / mAvaNyaniryAvadhiyA - RATOR :
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________________ ( 50 ) antarazatayA tasya tAzyA kRtasaskRtiH / bhata meNThaH kavimane punarakaM dhiyo'rpaNam // [rAjataraMgiNI 30 3, 260-262] kAvyaprakAza kI 'bAlabodhinI' TIkA meM vAmanAcArya ne pa.1] hayagrIdadadha ko nATaka batalAyA hai| sUra se 'rAjakIya pranyamAlA' meM prakAzita kAvyaprakAza meM bhI 'hayagrIvavarSa' kA nATaka rUpa meM hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isI kAraNa hamane bhI apanI kAvya prakAza kI TIkA meM nATaka rUpa meM hI usakA nirdeza kara diyA hai| kintu 'zrRMgAraprakaraza', 'kAvyAnuzAsana' prAdi prAcIna anyoM se niti hotA hai ki yaha nATaka nahIM, apitu 'sargabandha' mahAkAvya hai / hemacandrAcArya ke 'kAvyAnuzAsana' meM [ma. 8. 337] 'saMskRtabhASAnibaddhasargajancha hayagrIvavadhAdi' likha kara granthakAra ne ise paSTa rUpa se zraya kAvya hI sUcita kiyA hai| bhojadeva ke 'zRMgAraprakAza meM bhI 'hayagrIvavadha' kA aneka sthAnoM para ullekha pAyA hai| vahA~ bhI ise mahAkAdhya hI mAnA hai| 'zrRMgAraprakAza' meM kucha sthala, jinameM 'hayagrIvavadha' kI parcA kI gaI hai nimna prakAra hai"hayagrIvadhAdayo mahAdevAdInAmaitihAsikaM caritamAvedayanti / " [zRGgAraprakAza pra0 12, pR0 168] "mAsIda daityo iyagrIvaH......." [saM0 pra0 11, pR0 140]] rAtrivarNanaM kiraatrjuniiy-kumaarsmbhv-shishupaalbss-hygriivvssaadii|" [zRGgAraprakAza pra0 11, pR0 152] yasmin itihAsAnipezalAn pezalAn kaviH kurute / sa hayagrIvavadhAdiprabandha va sagaMbandhaH syAt // " zRGgAraprakAza pra0 pR. 156] kavi kSemendra ne 'suvRtta lilaka' [3, 16] meM sagaMbandha mahAkAvya ke prArambha meM anuSTupa ke prayoga kA udAharaNa dete hue hayasIvavaSa kA 'mAsIda daityo hayagrIvaH' ityAdi para nata kiyA hai| isase bhI pratIta hotA hai ki hamanIvavarSa' nATaka nahIM, kAmya hai| zrI maGkha kavi ne apane 'zrIkaNThacarita' meM atyanta akSA ke sAtha bhatuMmeSTha kavikA ullekha karate hue likhA hai--- meNTe svadviradAdhirohiNi, baMdhaM yAte subandhI viSeH - zAnta hanta ca bhAravI, viSaTite bANe vivaadspRshaaH| vAgdevyA viramantu patra vidhurA drAg spa STate ziSTaH kazcan sa prasAdayati jayadvANi sdaarinnnii|| aise mahAkavi the mata meNTha, binakA yazogAna saMskRta sAhitya ke anekAneka kaviyoM ne muktakaNTha se kiyA hai / kintu kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTa kI dRSTi meM meSThakapi ce nhiiN| unhoMne do tIna jagaha me kavi kA ullekha kiyA hai para yaha prasaMsA-vyaMbaka nahIM hai| sabase pahile kAvyaprakAza ke prapA ullAsa meM unhoMne sabase nikaSTa citra kAvya kA so udAharaNa divA hai yaha hayagrIvavaSa meM se bola kara nikAlA hai vinirmataM mAnavamAtmamandirAba - bhavatyupazrutva pAlpayApi vaa| sa-sambhamendratipAtivAcA nimovivAvi bhivaamptii||
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________________ __ yaha zloka TIkAkAroM ke anusAra bhatameNDa ke 'haka varSa' se liyA gayA hai| zloka meM kavi ne yaha bhAva prastuta kiyA hai ki jisa samaya hayagrI prasAda se kevala ghUmane ke lie hI nikalatA thA aura usakA samAcAra yadi indra ko patA jAtA thA to indra itanA bhayabhIta ho uThatA thA ki saikar3oM naukara-cAkaroM ke hote hue bhI bhAga ra apanI 'nagarI amarAvatI kA phATaka banda kara detA thA, aura usa phATaka ke bAda hone para kati yaha utprekSA karatA hai ki mAno hayagrIva ke Dara ke kAraNa amarAvatI nAyikA ne mAnI pAkheM mIca lI hai| hayagrIva ke prabhAvAtizaya kA varNana RSi ne kitane sundara DhaMga se kiyA hai| nagarI kA dvAra banda karane ke lie indra kI utAvalI, aura manarAvatI ke bhaya se mokha mIcane kI utprekSA, isa padya meM kucha camatkAra dikhalA rahI hai| para kA prakAzakAra ne sse madhama kAvya kI koTi meM rakhA hai| jaisA ki Upara puSTa 50 para uddhRta zRGgAraprakAza ke uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki 'hayagrIvAya' meM mahAdeva ke aitihAsika carita kA varNana kiyA gayA hai. hayagrIva isameM pratinAyaka hai / zizupAlavadha' Adi ke samAna isa kAvya kA nAmakaraNa bhI nAyaka nahIM apitu pravinAyaka ke nAma para humA hai| isake nAyaka mahAdeva hai| unake dvArA iyagrIva kA vadha isameM dikhalAyA gayA hai| kintu usake vadha ke pUrva hayagrIva ke pratApAtizaya kA varNana bahuta vistAra ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai| isalie kAvyaprakAzakAra ne rasadoSoM ke prasaGga meM 'aGgasyApyativistRtiH' doSa ke udAharaNa rUpa meM phira 'hayagrIvavaSa' kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| "aGgasyA'pradhAnasyAtivistareNa varNanaM yathA hayagrIvavadhe hayagrIvasya / " kAvyaprakAza, jJAnamaNDala saM0 pR0 362] ina saba ullekhoM se pratIta hotA hai ki kAvyaprakAza mammaTa kI dRSTi meM hayagrIvavadha eka nitAnta nimna zreNI kI kRti hai| hamAre prastuta nATagha darpaNakAra rAma candra-guraNacandra mammaTa ke isa vicAra se sahamata nahIM hai / mammaTa ne hayagrIva ke jisa atizaya varNana ko rasa doSa mAnA hai, rAmacandra-guNacandra ne use doSa na mAna kara rasa kA utkarSAdhAyaka guNa mAnA hai| unake mata meM hayagrIva ke atizaya varNana ko yadi doSa hI kahA jAya to vaha 'vRtta-doSa' mathati kathA kA doSa ho sakatA hai, rasa kA doSa nhiiN| rasa kI dRSTi meM to vaha varNana vIrarasa kA utkarSAdhAyaka hI hai apakarSakAraka nhiiN| isI prasaGga meM 'nATayadarpaNa' meM kevala eka vAra hayagrIvavadha kA ullekha nATyadarpaNakAra ne kiyA hai / mammaTa ne jise 'bhaGgasyApyativistRti' doSa kahA hai use mATyadarpaNakAra ne 'manogya' nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA hai / isake udAharaNa rUpa meM unhoMne 'kRtyArAvaNa' se jaTAyuvadha, lakSmaNa-zaktibheda, sItAvipatti-zravaNa Adi se utpanna vAra-vAra vaNita karuNa rasa ke atizaya ko prastuta kiyA hai, aura usake bAda kAvyaprakAzakAra ke mata kA khaNDana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai __ "kecidatra hayagrIvavadhe hayagrIvavarNanamudAharanti / se punarvasadoSo vRtsanAyakasyAlpavarNanAt / tatra hi vIro rasaH, sa vizeSato vadhyasya zauryavibhUtyatizayavarNanena bhUSyate / " nATyadarpaNa 3-23] arthAt [kAvyaprakAza kArakAdi] kucha loga 'hayagnIvavadha' meM hayagrIva ke varNana ko isa 'progya' ke udAharaNa rUpa meM prastuta karate hai, kintu vaha vRtta-arthAt kathA bhAga kA doSa hai, kyoMki kathA ke nAyaka kA varNana usameM kama kiyA gayA hai| vaha rasa kA doSa nahIM hai / kyoMki usa 'hayagrIvavadha' kA mukhya rasa vIra rasa hai, aura vadhya ke zaurya, vIrya, vibhUti mAdi ke bhatizaya varNana se usa mukhya bIra rasa kA utkarSAdhAna hI hotA hai, apakarSa nahIM / isalie hayagrIva kA pratizaya varNana rasa doSa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai! yaha nATyapaMNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra kI sammati hai|
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________________ / 52 ) bhartu meNTha apanI rasavatI racanA ke lie hI to itane prasiddha hai| yadi vai mammaTa ke anusAra kevala adhama citrakAvya ke nirmAtA hote to kyA unheM itanI prasiddhi prApta ho sakatI hai ? aura kyA rAjazekhara jaise manasvI kavi kA sira jo ki apane ko vAlmIki kA mavatAra mAnatA hai bhartumeNTha ke sAmane zraddhA se muka sakatA thaa| aura kyA usa nIrasa prathama kAvya ko sunakara hI 'prAviddhA iva kunvanti mUrdhAnaM kavikuJjarAH' kI ukti caritArtha ho sakatI thI? ye saba uktiyAM bhartu meNTha kI isa mahatI racanA kI apUrva rasavattA kI paricAyikA hai| mammaTa aise mAlocaka hai, jo apanI 'doSadRSTi ke lie vizeSa rUpa se prasiddha yA badanAma hai| apanI isI 'doSa dRSTi ke kAraNa 'hayasIva vadha' meM unheM sarvatra doSa hI doSa dikhalAI die haiN| para rAjazesara,papagupta, bilhaNa mAdi anya kaviyoM evaM pAlocakoM ko dRSTi meM bhartu meNTha eka 'rasasiH kavIzvaraH' hai| Upara 'rAjataraMgiNI' se mAhagupta tathA bhartR NTha kI jisa kathA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vaha bhI isI bAta kI puSTi karatI hai / 'lAvaNyaniryANadhiyA taSaH svaraNaMbhAjanam' kI bAta bhI to hayagrISavaSa kI atizaya rasavattA ko ho sUcita kara rahI hai| bar3odA se prakAzita 'udaya sundarI kapA' meM usake nirmAtA kAyasya kavi sovA ne bhI to bhata megTha kI isa 'rasasiddhatA kI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai "sa kazcidAlelyakaraH kavitve prasiddhanAmA muvi bha meSThaH / rasaplave'pi . sphurati prakAmaM, varNeSu yasyojjvalatA tathava // " isa prakAra ke bahuprazaMsita, mahucita aura bar3e bar3e kaviyoM ke zraddhAbhAjana bhata meNTha kI ekamAtra kRti ko prathama kAvya kI zreNI meM rakhanA aura usase rasadoSoM kA anusandhAna karanA mammaTa kI kevala doSadRSTi kI vizeSatA ko hI pratyApita karatA hai| mata meNTha ho bhaba bhI 'kazcidAlekhyakaraH kavitve'-kavitA ke pUrva citrakAra haiN| jinake citra meM 'rasaplave'pi rasa kA . pravAha bharA hone para bhI, aura dUsare pakSa meM pAnI par3a jAne para bhI 'sphurati prakAmaM varNeSu yasyojjvalatA tathaiva' varNo kI, aura dUsare pakSa meM citra ke raMgoM kI camaka vaisI hI banI rahatI hai tanika bhI malina nahIM ho pAtI hai| upasaMsahAra. yaha 35 nATakoM mora kAvyoM kA paricaya hamane yahA~ upasthita kiyA hai| ina granyoM kA ullekha saMskRta sAhitya ke bhanekAneka granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| prAja se 800 varSa pUrva 12vIM zatAbdI meM nATyadarpaNakAra rAmacandra-guNacandra ke samaya meM ye anya upalabdha the| granthakAra ne unameM se aneka uddharaNa svayaM die haiN| parantu pAja taka ye grantha prakAzita nahIM hue hai| sambhavataH upalabdha bhI nahIM hue haiM / anyathA unakA prakAzana avazya hotaa| itane suprasiddha evaM mahatvapUrNa granthoM kA isa 800 varSa ke bIca meM sarvathA lopa ho bAnA mAzcarya kI bAta hai, yA phira unakI aba taka upalabdhi na honA hamAre pramAda kI sUcaka hai / nATyadarpaNakAra ne ina mahattvapUrNa pranpoM kA nAma mora paricaya hamako diyA, isake lie hama unake kRtajJa hai| aba inakI soSa karanA mora unake prakAzana kI vyavasthA karanA hamArA kAma hai| pAzA hai vidvajjana isa dizA meM vizeSa rUpa se pravala kareMge tAki unakI upalabdhi sarvasAdhAraNa ko ho ske| vispara sivAntaziromaNi basanta paJcamI, saM0 2017 prAcArya janavarI 1991 gurukuma mizvavidyAsapa vRndAvana
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________________ sampAdakIya (ka) nATyadarpaNa meM rUpaketara kAvyazAstrIya prasaMga nATyadarpaNa apane nAma ke anurUpa nATyazAstrIya pranya hai, jise granthakAroM ne cAra viveko meM vibhakta kiyA hai| inhoMne rUpaka ke daza mevoM meM nATikA aura - prakaraNI ko jor3akara isake kula bAraha bheda svIkAra kiye haiN| ina jaina lekhakoM ne itanI saMkhyA zAyada isalie ginAyI hai ki 'jainI' vAraNI ke bhI 12 rUpa mAne gaye haiN| grantha ke prathama viveka meM 'nATaka' nAmaka prathama rUpaka-bheda kA svarUpa evaM vivecana prastuta kiyA hai aura dvitIya viveka meM 'prakaraNa' bhAdi zeSa gyAraha bhedoM kaa| tRtIya viveka meM rasavRtti, rasa, rasa-doSa tathA abhinaya kA vivecana hai tathA caturtha viveka meM ApakopayogI anya sAmagrI kA, jisake antargata nAyaka-nAyikA bheda ko bhI sthAna milA hai| isa prakAra grantha meM rUpaka-sambandhI pracalita sAmagrI ko ekatra nirUpita, vyavasthita evaM vivecita kiyA gayA hai| kalevara ko dRSTi se sarvAdhika sthAna grantha ke pramukha viSaya rUpaka ko hI milA hai / isa dRSTi se dUsarA sthAna rasa kA hai aura tIsarA sthAna nAyaka-nAyikA bheda kaa| ukta viSayoM ke atirikta isa grantha meM katipaya anya viSayoM para bhI mAnuSaMgika rUpa se prakAza par3a gayA hai, jaisekAvyaprayojana, kAvyahetu, kavitva-mahimA, pralaMkAra, vakrokti, bhaucitya, anaucitya, doSa mAdi / isa lekha meM rUpaka ke paririkta prAyaH sabhI prasaMgoM para granthakAroM kA dRSTikoNa prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA jaaegaa| 1. kAvyaprayojana isa grantha meM kAvyaprayojana-prasaMga ko svatantra sthAna nahIM milaa| grantha ke nimnota maMgalAcaraNa caturvargaphalAM nityA jainI vAcamupAsmahe / rUpaidazabhivizvaM yayA nyAyye dhRtaM pathi // --meM granthakAroM ne 'jainI' vANI kI upAsanA karate hue ise caturvarga-phala-pradAyinI kahA hai aura apanI vRtti meM isa phala ko abhineya vAkya arthAt dRzyakAmya ke sAtha bhI sambaddha kiyA hai / isa sambandha meM unakA mantavya isa prakAra hai : 1. dRzya kAvya dvArA dharma, mayaM paura kAma ye tInoM phala to prApta hote hI haiM, isase mokSaprApti bhI hotI hai| 2. mokSa-prApti kA eka kAraNa to yaha hai ki isase sahRdaya ko zikSA milatI hai ki rAmAdi ke samAna mAcaraNa kA grahaNa karanA cAhie aura rAvaNAdi ke samAna mAcaraNa kA tyAga / dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki dharma nAmaka puruSArtha kI svIkRti kara lene para isake dvArA paramparA-rUpa se mokSa-prApti bhI sambhava hai|' hA mokSaprApti ma phala dharma kI apekSA gauNa phala hotA hai|' 1. pracAmineyavAparatayA iloko'yaM vyAyAyate / pacapi sAmAra dharmArthakAmaphalAmyeva nATakAcIni tapApi 'rAmavara sitamyaM na rAbasavA' iti heyopAdeyahAnopAbAnaparatayA, dharmasya molahetutayA moso'pi pAramparSaNa phlm| -hindI nATaparpaNa pRSTha 11 2. mobastu dharmakAryatvAta gauvaM phalan / -vahI, pRSTha 21
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________________ ( 54 ) 3. 'jainI' vANI ke anurUpa kAvya ke dvArA bhI ina puruSArthoM meM se racayitA athavA pAThaka ko vahI phala pradhAnatA se prApta hotA hai jo use prabhISTa hotA hai aura zeSa phala use goNa rUpa se milate haiN| 4. janI' vANI se tAtparya kAvya-nATaka bhI liyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki yaha vANI (racanA) bhI 'jinoM' arthAt rAga prAdi ke vijetAoM-kAvyanATakakAroM-kI hotI hai| kAvyaprayojanoM meM puruSArthacatuSTaya ko sarvaprathama bhAmaha ne sthAna diyA thA aura inake uparAnta rudraTa aura kuntaka ne / agnipurANakAra ne mokSa ko chor3a kara zeSa trivarga ko hI kAvyaprayojana mAnA thA / rAmacandra-guNacandra ke uparAnta vizvanAtha ne bhI puruSArtha-catuSTaya ko kAvyaprayojana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| ina cAroM meM se arthaprApti aisA prayojana hai, jisa para koI vivAda nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| 'dharma' se tAtparya yadi 'dhAryate iti dharma:' arthAt zubha kartavya kA pAlana hai, to yaha kAvya kA sAkSAt prayojana na hokara prasAkSAt prayojana hai / kartavya vastuta: usa karma kA nAma hai jise hama dUsaroM kI preraNA prathavA upadeza dvArA karate haiM tathA dUsaroM ke upakAra ke lie karate hai, kintu kAvya-sarjana antaHpreraNA se prasUta hone ke kAraNa na to dUsaroM kI preraNA athavA upadeza kI apekSA rakhatA hai aura na isake dvArA dUsaroM kA upakAra karanA kavi kA pramukha uddezya hotA hai / aura yadi 'dharma' se tAtparya 'puNyaphala-prApti' liyA jAe to ise bhAja ke buddhivAdI yuga kA mAnava svIkAra nahIM kregaa| ThIka yahI sthiti 'mokSa' nAma kAvyaprayojana kI bhI mAnanI cAhie, kyoMki svayaM granthakAra ne dharma aura mokSa meM kAraNa-kArya sambandha svIkAra kiyA hai| zeSa rahatA hai eka puruSArtha- 'kAma' arthAt abhISTa phala kI prApti / 'kAma' zabda se yadi mAnavIya rAgAtmaka bhAvoM kI icchApUrti yaha abhiprAya liyA jAe to ise prakArAntara se pralokika mAnandaprApti kA paryAya mAna sakate haiM jise mammaTa ne 'sadyaHparanirvRti' nAma diyA hai| vastuta: yahI phala kAvya kA.pramukha evaM abhISTa prayojana hai / kintu nATyadarpaNa meM ise spaSTa zabdoM meM sthAna nahIM milaa| isa grantha ke isa prasaMga meM upayukta eka vizeSatA ullekhanIya hai ki jo sahRdaya jisa phala-prApti ke lie kAvya-nirmANa athavA kAvya-paThana karatA hai use vahI phala to pramukha rUpa se milatA hai aura zeSa phala gauNa rUpa se / nissandeha unakI yaha dhAraNA anya kAvyazAstrIya graMthoM meM dekhane ko nahIM miltii| kintu 'yAdRzI bhAvanA yasya siddhirbhavati tAdRzI' isa kathana para bhI mAja kA buddhivAdI mAnava pUrNa prAsthA evaM vizvAsa nahIM rakhatA / dUsarI ullekhanIya vizeSatA yaha hai ki inhoMne kAvya-nATaka kI racanA ko bhI 'jainI' vANI isalie kahA hai ki yaha rAga prAdi ke vijetAnoM ko vAraNI hotI hai / granthakAroM ne yadyapi zleSa ke bala para hI yaha kheMcatAna karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, kintu unakI yaha dhAraNA nissandeha mAnya hai / kAvya-nATaka praNetA inake praNayana ke samaya sAMsArika rAga-dveSa, sukha-duHkha, lAbha-hAni mAdi dvandvoM se Upara uTha cukA hotA hai / citta kI ekAgratA ke binA vaha kavi-karma bhI nahIM kara sktaa| samAdhi kI avasthA athavA vedyAntarasparzazUnyatA isa karma ke lie nitAnta manivArya hai / taTasthatA isa karma kI bhASArazilA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki kisI uddezya ko lakSya meM rakha kara racita grantha athavA kAvya-nATaka vAstavika 'kAvya' kahAne ke adhikArI nahIM hote aise kAvyoM se sAmpradAyikatA athavA 'prApegaNDA' ke durgandha kI lapaTeM uThA karatI hai| 1. iSTalakSaNatvAmba phalasya yo yasya pugvArtho'bhISTaH sa tasya pradhAnam / -vahI, pRSTha / 2. jinAnA rAgAvitalA nAlAbapanApekSayaM bnii| -vahI, pRSTha 11
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________________ 2. kAvyahetu saMskRta kAvyazAstriyoM meM se jinhoMne kAvyahetumoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai unameM se daNDI vAmana, rudraTa, kuntaka aura mammaTa kA nAma ullekhya hai| mammaTa ne pUrvavartI kAvyazAstriyoM kA sAragrahaNa karate hue kevala tIna kAvyahetu niviSTa kiye the-zakti, nipuNatA paura abhyAsa / nATapadarpaNa ke racayitAmoM ne isa mora spaSTa saMketa nahIM kiyaa| granthArambha meM kAvyanATapa-nirmANa para calatA-sA prakAza DAlate hue ve kahate hai ki 'bo kavi nidhana se lekara rAjA taka kI 'mocitI' parthAt unake sAmAnya vyavahAra se avagata na hote hue bhI kAvya-nirmANa kI kAmanA karate hai, ve vidvajjanoM ke upahAsa ke pAtra banate hai pAragada pati pApoSitI na vivanti ye| spayanti kavitvAya, relanaM te sumeSasAm // 118 tayA jo nATakakAra na to gIta, vAca, nutya prAdi jAnate hai, na lokasthiti se paricita hai, aura na prabandhoM arthAta nATakoM kA pabhinaya hI kara sakate hai ve bhI nATaka-racanA karane ke adhikArI nahIM hai magItavAdyavRttamA nokasthitivivo maaye| abhinetuMratuMbavAste phimunaaH|| upayukadonoM poM meM do kAmpahetupoM kI prakArAntara se parcA huI hai : gIta, vAba, nRta (nRtya) mabhinaya mAdi kA kriyAtmaka mAna tapA raMka se rAjA-paryanta loka-vyavahAra se priciti| ina donoM hetuoM ko rudraTa pora kuntaka ke zabdoM meM adhikAMza sImA taka 'vyutpatti' kaha sakate hai. paura mammaTa ke zabdoM meM nipuNatA' / pUrNa sImA taka isalie nahIM ki ina prAcAryoM ne 'vyutpatti' aura 'nipuNatA' ke antargata loka-vyavahAramAna ke pratirita kAmyagranyoM evaM kAvyazAstrIya pranyoM kA paThana-pAThana bhI sammilita kiyA hai| prastu.! rAmacanaguNacandra ke upayukapana se yaha samajhanA cAhie ki unheM kevala 'vyavahAra-mAma' ko hI kAmyahetu mAnanA abhISTa hogA bhora veSa do ko, pratimA maura mamyAsa ko, nhiiN| jaise ki Upara baha pAye hai unakA uddezya kAvyahetunoM kA nirUpaNa karanA nahIM thA, kebala kavitva-mahimA prakaraNa meM unhoMne isa prasaMga kI carcAmAtra kara dI hai| nissandeha zakti athavA pratibhA kAvya-racanA kA anivArya hetu hai, aura mokajJAna tathA isake sAtha sAtha 'abhyAsa' gauNa hetu hai, kintu ina donoM se zakti kA parikAra evaM saMskAra hotA hai-yaha bhI prasandigdha rUpa se satya hai| pratimAsya hetuH / putpatyamyAsAnyA sNskaaryaa| . -kAmyAnuzAsana (hemacana), pRSThaM 6 3. kavitva-mahimA vidvajjanoM ko zAstrajJAna ke sAtha vikarma meM bhI nipuNa honA cAhie, isa sambandha . meM isa grantha meM ina zabdoM meM parcA kI gayI hai-jisa prakAra lAvaNya nArI kA prANa hai usI prakAra kavitva saphala vicAmoM kA prANa hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tInoM piyAmoM prati tInoM vedoM ke jJAtA bhI sarvadA kavitva-nirmANa kI abhilASA rakhate hai / satya to yaha hai ki visva-nirmANa kA samAva vidvAnoM ke lie eka aisA kalaMka haisA ki mAsikA ke Upara kor3ha kA hotA hai, athavA yaha amAva aisA hai jaise kisI mRganayanI kesarIra para kutoM kA prabhAva ho / mora dhAyada isI kalaMka
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________________ evaM prabhAva se bacane ke lie] kaI loga manya kaviyoM ke kAvyoM dvArA kavi bananA cAhate hai / kintu yaha pravRtti to ukta kalaMka kI bhI cUlikA prarthAt baddhaka hai| ukta prasaMga se do viSaya hamAre sAmane mAte hai-anya zAstrajJAna ke sAtha-sAtha kavikarma kA bhI apekSita rahanA tathA caurakavi kI nindA / anya zAstrajJAna ke sAtha phakikarma meM bhI naipuNya honA kisI vyakti ke vyaktitva meM nissandeha zobhAvRddhi kA kAraNa bana sakatA hai, para isake prabhAva meM kisI ke vyaktitva meM na to kalaMka lagane kI sambhAvanA karanA samucita hai| mora na hI kavitva ko sakala vidyAnoM kA prANa samajhanA / zAstra-jJAna buddhi evaM mastiSka kA vyApAra hai aura kavi-karma hRdaya kaa| prataH zAstrIya carcA mora kavitva meM eka dUsare kA puTa de dene se inameM se kisI kA bhI yathAvat evaM samyak rUpa upasthita nahIM hotA / kyoMki kavitva meM kalpanA eka anivArya tatva hai maura udhara zAstrIya carcA tathA kalpanA kA pArasparika virodha hai / isa AdhAra para nissaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki zAstravettA ko apane siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa, pratipAdana prayavA sampAdana karate samaya kavikarma kI nitAnta apekSA nahIM rhtii| yadi kavikarma se tAtparya padya-nirmANa hai to yaha tAtparya saMkucita sImita evaM ekadezIya hone ke kAraNa yathArtha nahIM hai, maurana hI rAmacandra-guNacandra ko sambhavataH yahI tAtparya abhISTa hogaa| prataH kavitva ko sakala vidyAmoM kA 'prANa' samajhanA manucita hai| yadi kavikarma se tAtparya 'padya-nirmANa' le bhI liyA jAe to bhI mudraNa-yantra ke isa yuga meM hara zAstrIya athavA laukika carcA ko paca-bada rUpa meM prastuta karanA hAsyAspada evaM pravAJchanIya hai / ho, yadi koI zAstravettA kavi bhI hai to yaha viziSTatA jaise ki Upara kaha pAe hai usake vyaktitva meM zobhA-vRddhi kA kAraNa bana jAegI, kintu isakA prabhAva usake kalaMka kA kAraNa kisI bhI rUpa meM nahIM hai| paurakavi kI nindA jitanI ko bAe por3I hai| dUsaroM kI racanA ko apanA batAne vAlA to cora hai hI, kintu dUsaroM kA bhAvApaharaNa karake use apane zabdoM meM prastuta karane vAlA to pahale prakAra ke caura kavi kI apekSA kahIM aSika dambhI hai, prataH adhika parApI praura nindanIya hai / aise 'kaviyoM' kI nindA bhaneka rUpoM meM kI gahI hai| isa sambandha meM kAmpazAstriyoM meM rAjazekhara ke aura kaviyoM meM bANabhaTTa ke kapana prAya: ukta kie jAte hai| isamandha ke hindI vyAkhyAkAra prAcArya vizvezvara ne rAjazekhara ke ubaraNa prastuta kiye hai (. pRSTha 6) bANabhaTTa ne caurakaviyoM kI bhartsanA hue kahA hai| bhanyavalaparAvRtyA vi / manAyA satA madhye vivIro bivAvyate // harSacaritam 16 1, prANaH kavitvaM vidhAna sAvadhAniya yoSitAm / viSayevino'pyasma tato nityaM tispRhA // nAsikAnte havaM vitra prayoga rmaayo| kucAmAvaH puranAkyAH kAmyAmAto, vipazcitaH // prakavitvaM parastAvat kala pAThazAlinAn / samyakAmyaiH kavitvaM imarasyApi nikaa|
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________________ 'isa sammAna meM vidhArasaraha hai ki vivaha svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai ki momikatA' nAma kA tasva nitAnta durlabha hai, to bhAvasAmpa ke mAdhAra para kisI kI makhanA kyoM kI jAe? bhAvasAmya kA eka kAraNa to mAnava-mana kA aikya hai / vibhinna deza aura kAla meM vartamAna vyaktiyoM ne jo ki pratyeka dRSTi se eka dUsare se apramAvita hai eka hI prakAra ke vicAra prakaTa kiye hai| nissandeha isa prakAra kA bhAvasAmya upasthita karane vAlA vyakti kisI bhI rUpa meM aparAdha tathA nindA kA pAtra nahIM hai| kabhI koI bAta, koI ghaTanA athavA koI vicAra par3hA-sunA jAne.para hamAre hRdaya ke kisI kone para jA par3atA hai aura phira kamI paristhitivaza jAgRta hokara anAyAsa vAraNI apavA lekhanI dvArA niHsRta ho jAtA hai aura bhAva-sAmya kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| kintu isa prakAra kI sAmpatA para mAnava kA koI adhikAra nahIM hai, kyoMki nato vaha dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko apane mana meM saMskAra rUpa meM prasupta hone se roka sakatA hai aura na hI unheM abhivyakta hone se / kabhI hama dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko par3a aura sunakara .. unheM navIna evaM vyavasthita rUpa meM pratipAdita karane ke lie lAlAyita ho uThate hai aura unheM nibandha, kavitA, nATaka, kahAnI upanyAsa prAdi ke rUpa DhAla dete haiN| nissandeha yaha prakriyA bhI nindanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki isase pUrva bhAvoM ko navIna dizA milatI hai, hamArI, kalpanA kA saMyoga pA kara ye bhAva kahIM adhika spaSTa, vizada, grAhya evaM prabhAvazAlI bana jAte haiN| isa punarAmyAna-prakriyA ko cAheM to maulikatA kA nAma bhI de sakate haiN| pUrvajJAta bhAva hamArI kalpanA kA yoga pAkara yadi navIna rUpa meM pratipAdita ho jAeM to ise 'maulikatA' mAna lene meM adhika mApatti bhI nahIM honI cAhie / bhava devala zeSa eka rUpa raha jAtA hai jo pratyanta bhasanIya hai, vaha hai-dUsare ke bhAvoM kA bAhya kalevara badala denA, dUsare ke zabdoM ke sthAna para apane zabdoM mora dUsaroM kI vAkyavalI ke sthAna para apanI vAkyavalI ko rakhate cale jAnA pora isa dambha kI prArameM kapi paura vicAraka kahalAnA / yaha pravRtti pUrNataH tyAjya hai| 4. alaMkAra grantha ke mUla bhAga meM nimnokta sthaloM para prakAra kI carcA huI hai : 1. kathA mAdi kA mArga pralaMkAroM dvArA komala hone ke kAraNa sukhapUrvaka saMcarasIya hai, kintu nATaka kA mArga rasa kI kalloloM se paripUrNa hone ke kAraNa pratyanta paThina hai|' 2. vaha pANI ko zleSa alaMkAra se puru hone para bhI rasapravAha se rahita hone ke kAraNa kaThora hotI hai vaha [bhoktA ke mana ko usa prakAra pramusmita nahIM karatI jisa prakAra durbhaga [bhAta yauna rasa na nikalane ke kAraNa kaThora bhaga pAnI] striyAM [puruSoM ko mAhAdita nahIM krtii|' 3. nATaka nAmaka rUpaka meM prabaMdhArA rasa kA balana mAt skhalana athavA bhaMga nahIM honA cAhie : pAkamAvatA // 1 // 1. alaMkAramRtaH pApAH kavAdImA pusamparaH / kusandhArastu nATyasma sAlolAsaMkumaH // 1 // 2. ilevAlaMkAramAno'pi rsaaniynkkssaa| durmagAra kAminyaH pIpantimamano viraH // 1 //
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________________ ukta sthalA ke atirikta nimnokta vo manya sthaloM meM prakAra kI carcA sAkSAt na ho kara prasAkSAt rUpa se huI hai: 1. jo kavi (nATakakAra) nAnAvidha zabda tathA artha ke lIlya (camatkAra) kAraNa rasa rUpa amRta se parAGmukha ho jAte hai ve vidvAn hote hue bhI uttama kaviyoM kI gaNanA meM nahIM paate| 2. kAvya (nATaka) meM parva aura zabda kI utprekSA (kalpanA) itanI ilAdhya nahIM hai jitanA ki rasa ilAdhya hai| pakA humA aura sundara bhI mAma yadi rasa-zUnya ho to [bhoktA ke mana meM] usake prati udvejanA (paNA, aruci) utpanna ho jAtI hai| ___ ina donoM sthaloM meM zabda mora parSa ke lolya (camatkAra) aura inakI utprekSA (kalpanA) se granthakAroM kA tAtparya zabdAlaMkAra aura prarthAlaMkAra se hI hai| grantha ke mUlabhAga meM anyatra bhI 'pralaMkAra' zabda kA prayoga humA hai, para vahAM isa zabda se tAtparya hai-nAyikA ke yauvanastha bhAva, hAva bhAdi 20 dharma jo tIna soM meM vibhakta kiye gaye hai| kintu prastuta prakaraNa se ina pralaMkAroM kA koI sambandha nahIM hai, kyoMki ye zamdArya rUpa kAvya-zarIra ke zobhAkAraka dharma na hokara nAyikA ke vyaktitva ke zobhAkAraka dharma hai| upayukta uddharaNoM meM se prathama ukharaNa meM kakSA kI bhapekSA nATaka ko isa prAdhAra para utkRSTa mAnA gayA hai ki rasa ke binA bhI kevala alaMkAra-prayoga ke bala para kacA kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai kintu nATaka ke lie rasa eka anivArya tatva hai| vastutaH yaha dhAraNA saMskRta ke dazakumAracarita, vAsavadattA mAdi kathA-pAkhyAyikA sAhitya ko lakSya meM rakhakara prastuta kI gayI pratIta hotI hai, jinameM alaMkAroM kA pratizaya prayoga hupA hai / isakA eka kAraNa pAThaka kI dRSTi se thA aura dUsarA kAraNa kavi kI dRSTi se / yaha sAhitya sAmAnya stara se ucca varga ke lie nirmita hotA thaa| inase eka ora ye pAThaka anuprAsa, yamaka, zleSa, parisaMkhyA, virodhAbhAsa mAdi se camaskRta hote nahIM aghAte the, aura udhara dUsarI ora 'gacaM kavInAM nikaSaH vadanti' isa ukti ke mAdhAra para gavakAra kI siddhi evaM prazaMsA kA prAdhAra alaMkAra-prayoga dvArA camakAra-pradarzana samajhA jAne lagA thaa| kintu ukta dhAraNA vartamAna kathA-sAhitya ke lie nitAnta upayukta nahIM hai| nATaka ke samAna isake lie bhI rasa-tatva kA samAveza nitAnta anivArya hai, aura alaMkAra kI ise bhI vizeSa prapekSA nahIM rhtii| isI prakAra prabandhakAra mora muktakakAra kaviyoM meM bhI rAmacandra-guNacandra ne isI prakAra kA hI bhantara nirdeza kiyA hai jo ki yuktisaMgata pratIta nahIM hotaa| .. 1. mAnArthazabdalaulyena parAJco ye rasAmRtAt / vidvAMsaste kavIdrANAmahanti na punaH kayAm // nA0 10 106 2. na tapAryazabbotprekSAH ilAdhyAH kAmye payA rasaH / vipAkakanamapyAnaM udveSayati nIrasam // mA030 222 3. . nA0 204 / 27,28 4. x x x x x / yogyatAM ca rasanivezakavyavasAyinaH prabandhakavayo vivanti, na punaH zabdArthaprathana-vaicizyamAnonmaviSNavo muktakavayaH / hi. nA. 10 pRSTha 197
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________________ ukta dvitIya ukharaNa meM rasa mora pralaMkAra ke pArasparika sambandha para prakAza DAlate hue prakArAntara se alaMkAra ko rasa kI apekSA do sthitiyoM meM anukRSTa mAnA gayA hai : (ka) rasa hI kAvya kA anivArya dharma hai, alaMkAra nahIM, (kha) alaMkAra kA anucita prayoga rasAsvAda meM bAdhaka banatA hai| ye donoM dhAraNAeM rasa-siddhAnta ke hI anukUla prastuta kI gayI hai| pralaMkAravAdiyoM ne sabhI kAvya-zobhAkara dharmoM ko 'alaMkAra' kI saMbhAte hue kisI vizeSa kAvyAMga ko kAvya ke anivArya tatva ke rUpa meM svIkRta nahIM kiyA thaa| unakI dRSTi meM na kevala anupAsa evaM upamA mAdi hI alaMkAra the, apitu guNa, rIti, rasa, dhvani, nATayavRtti bhAdi ye sabhI mI kAvyazomAkara hone ke kAraNa 'alaMkAra' nAma se abhihita kiye gaye the| prataH unake manusAra yadi kisI kAvyAMga ko kAma kA manivArya tatva svIkRta karanA cAheM to usakA nAma 'alaMkAra' hI hogaa| cAhe vaha manuprAsa-upamA prAdi kA vAcaka ho, athavA guNa, rIti, rasa paura dhvani kaa| kintu idhara rasavAdiyoM ne kevala rasa ko hI kAvya kI prAsmA arthAt anivArya tatva svIkRta kiyA, tathA bhalaMkAra ko zanArtha kA prAbhUSaka dharma mAnate hue prakArAntara se ise rasa kA bhI utkarSaka mAna liyA aura vaha bhI nitya rUpa se nhiiN| nityarUpa se pralaMkAra ko rasa kA utkarSaka dharma na mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha zabdArtha kA zobhAvarddhaka hote hue bhI kabhI to rasa kA utkarSa karatA hai, kabhI nahIM karatA aura kabhI isakA apakarSa bhI kara detA hai-ThIka usI prakAra jisa prakAra kaTaka-kuNDala prAdi kAminI ke zarIra ke zobhavarddhaka hote hue usakI manaHsthiti ke anusAra kabhI usakI prAtmA kA utkarSa karate haiM, kabhI nahIM karate aura kabhI apakarSa bhI karate haiN| rasa aura alaMkAra ke pArasparika sambandha nirdeza-prasaMga meM bhalaMkAravAdiyoM kA yaha mantavya bhI ullekhanIya hai ki ve rasa, bhAva prAdi ko aMgIbhUta aura aMgabhUta donoM rUpoM meM svIkAra karate hue inheM nimna rUpa se 'pralaMkAra' meM antarbhUta karate the-aMgIbhUta rasa ko rasavad alaMkAra meM, aGgIbhUta bhAva ko preyasvad meM, manIbhUta rasAbhAsa evaM bhAvAbhAsa ko urjasvI meM, manIbhUta bhAvazAnti ko samAhita meN| inake atirikta malIbhUta bhAvodaya, bhAvasandhi aura bhAvazabalatA ko inhIM nAmoM ke hI pralaMkAroM meM bharasabhUta kiyA gayA hai / isake atirika unhoMne maGgabhUta rasa, bhAva mAdi saba ko dvitIya udAtta pralaMkAra hI meM antata kiyaa| kintu vastutaH rasa, bhAva mAdi se. anya camatkAra nitAnta bAhya na hokara nitAnta bhAntarika hai / pralaMkAra kI racanA anivAryataH kavi ke sAyAsa zabda-yojana para prAghRta hai maura usakA camatkAra 'nAda tathA prathaM para / kintu idhara rasapUrNa kAvya kI racanA ke lie zabdayojana anivArya tatva nahIM hai, aura isakA mAsvAda nAda evaM artha para prAdhRta na hokara vyaGgadhArtha para mAghRta hai / zabdayojana yadi alaMkRta na bhI ho, to bhI sarasa racanA vyaGgayArtha ke bala para sahRdaya ke lie mAsvAda-pradAna kI kSamatA rakhatI hai / 'prAdhAnyena vyapadezAH bhavanti' isa siddhAnta ke anusAra yaha niSkarSa nissaMkoca nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki eka aura 'alaMkAra' kaviniSTha hai to dUsarI ora 'rasa' sahRdaya-niSTha / mUlataH inhIM AdhAroM para rasavAdI rasa ko alaMkAra meM antarbhUta karane ke viruddha haiM / unhoMne rasa ko kAvya ko prAtmA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate hue alaMkAra ko ananivArya rUpa meM isakA utkarSaka dharma mAna liyA / ataH unhoMne .. 1. ' kAvyazobhAkarAn dharmAn alaMkArAn pracakSate /
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________________ maGgomUta rasa, mAva pAriko inhI mAmoM se hI apihita kiyaa| hAM, maGgabhUta rasa, bhaura bhAva ko inhoMne kAmaH rasapa paura preyasvad alaMkAra nAma diyA, rasamAsa tathA bhAvAbhAsa ko UrjasvI alaMkAra aura bhAvazAnti ko samAhita alaMkAra / isake atirikta bhAvodaya mAdi tInoM ko majarUpa meM pariNata hone para inhIM nAmoM ke hI malaMkAroM se abhihita kiyA gayA / yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki rasavad malaMkAroM ko anuprAsa tathA upamA mAdi ke samAna citrakAvya kA aMga na mAnakara puraNIbhUtambApa ke 'paparasyAGga nAmaka bheda kA aMga svIkAra karake mammaTa ne prakArAntara se vaha bhI saMketa kiyA ki ye bhalaMkAra anuprAsa, upamA pAdi pralaMkAroM ko prapekSA ucca bhAva-bhUmi para avasthita hai kyoMki inameM vAcyAthaM kI apekSA vyaGgapArtha bhale hI gauNa ho, kintu anuprAsa, upamA bhAdi ke samAna inameM vAcyArya kI apekSA vyaGgapArtha kI prasphuTatA nahIM hotii| rasavAdI bhAcAryoM kA prakAra ke prati yahI iSTikoNa hai, mora isI ke hI prAdhAra para rAmacandraguNacandra kI ukta kathana meM prakArAntara se svIkRti hai ki rasa hI kAvya kA anivArya dharma hai, bhasaMkAra nhiiN| praba rAmacandra-guNacandra kI dUsarI dhAraNA ko leM ki pralaMkAra kA anucita prayoga rasAsvAda meM bAdhaka banatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, prakAra kA maucityapUrNa prayoga hI rasa kA utkarSa kara sakatA hai, panaucityapUrNa prayoga nahIM / isa sambandha meM vAmana, bhojarAja aura kSemendra ke nimnota kavana avalokanIya hai : prAbhUSaNoM ke prAdarza-prayoga ke lie kevama aisA zarIra hI adhikArI hai jo hara prakAra se supAtra ho| isa dRSTi se na to acetana zava alaMkAroM kA adhikArI hai, na kisI yati kA zarIra paura na kisI nArI kA yauvanavandhya vapu |'ghr sajIva, svastha, sundara zarIra para bhI mAbhUSaNoM kA prayoga maucitya kI apekSA rakhatA hai-maMjana kI kAlimA bar3I bar3I mAMkhoM meM hI zobhita hotI hai bhanyatra nahIM, muktAhAra unnata pIna payoSaroM para suzobhita hote haiM anyatra nahIM dIrghApAMgaM nayanayugalaM bhUSayatyajanadhIH tuGgAbhogI prabhavati kucAvacitaM hArayaSTiH / 100bha0 13160 kintu isake viparIta kaNTha meM mekhalA kA, nitambaphalaka para sundara hAra kA, hAthoM meM nUpuroM kA, paraNoM meM keyUroM kA pravadhAraNa kitanA kurUpa, madA aura hAsyaprada banegA yaha kahane kI mAvazyakatA 1. (ka) tathA hi pracetanaM zavazarIraM kuNDalAyupetamapi na bhAti, alaMkArayAbhAvAt / yatizarIraM kaTakAdiyukta hAsyAvahaM bhavati, pralaMkArasya anaucityAt / (sa) vapuriva yauvanavandhyamaGganAyAH / kA0 sU0 vR0 33112 (patti) 2. kaNThe lekhalayA nitambhaphalake tAreNa hAreNa vaa| pANI nUpurabandhanena dharaNe keyUrapAzena vaa|| zaurya pragate ripo kavaraNayA, nAyAnti ke hAsyatAM, podhita vinA vadhi pratante, nAlaMkRtirnoguNAH / / ca0, pRSTha 1
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________________ ( 61 ) una tIna kathanoM se spaSTa hai ki bhAbhUSaNoM kA prayoga jahA~ sajIva evaM sundara zarIra kI apekSA rakhatA hai, vahAM maucitya bhI usake lie anivArya tatva hai / kAvyagata pralaMkAroM ke zobhAvaha prayoga meM bhI inhIM donoM tattvoM kI anivAryatA apekSita hai - ( 1 ) pralaMkAroM kA sarasa kAvya meM prayoga (2) sarasa kAvya meM bhI alaMkAroM kA bhaucityapUrNa prayoga / eka prora yadi zava, yati-zarIra athavA yauvanavandhyavapu para zrAbhUSaNoM kA zravadhAraNa eka kotuhala mAtra hai, to dUsarI mora nIrasa kAvya meM bhI alaMkAra prayoga kA anya nAma 'uktivaicitrya mAtra' hai - 'yatra tu nAsti rasaH tatra ( alaMkArAH) uktivaicitryamAtraparyavasAyinaH / jisa prakAra hAthoM meM nUpuroM kA aura caraNoM meM keyUroM - kA bandhana samucita nahIM hai, usI prakAra vipralambha zRGgAra meM bhI yamaka Adi kA bandhana samucita nahIM hai / tAtparya yaha ki laukika aura kAvyagata donoM prakAra ke alaMkAroM kA jIvana aura unakI pralaMkAritA ucita sthAnavinyAsa para hI prAzrita hai| phira bhI zarIra saundarya kI apekSA kAvyasaundarya adhika saMvedanazIla hai / udAharaNArtha rakAra kA anuprAsa vipralambha zRMgAra ke eka udAharaNa meM rasa kA upakAra karatA hai to TakAra kA anuprAsa usI hI rasa ke dUsare udAharaNa meM rasa kA upakAra nahIM krtaa|' tabhI mammaTa ko pralaMkAroM ke viSaya meM likhanA par3A - kvacittu santamapi nopakurvanti / spaSTa hai ki eka hI rasa ke do udAharaNoM meM komala varNaM 'rakAra' aura kaThora varga 'TakAra' kI sAtA prathamA prasahyatA kA uttaradAyitva bhaucitya ke hI sadbhAva athavA prabhAva para nirbhara hai / jahA~ taka zabdAlaMkAroM bhaura arthAlaMkAroM ke pArasparika tAratamya kA prazna hai, saMskRta kA kAvyazAstrI zabdAlaMkAroM ke prayoga ke manocitya ke viSaya meM apekSAkRta adhika prAzaMkita rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki daNDI jaise pralaMkAravAdI ne bhI anuprAsa maura yamaka ke prati apanI avahelanA prakaTa kI hai, * prora rudraTa jaise pralaMkArapriya prAcArya ne anuprAsa alaMkAra kI svasammata madhurA, proDhA prAdi pA~ca vRttiyoM ke aucityapUrNa prayoga para vizeSa bala diyA hai| mAnandavarddhana ne anuprAsa bandha ke viSaya meM eka cetAvanI dI hai ki 'zrRMgAra ke sabhI prabhedoM meM anuprAsa kA bandha sadA eka sA prabhivyaMjaka nahIM huA karatA / prataH kavi ko isa alaMkAra ke zraucityapUrNa prayoga ke lie vizeSa sAvadhAnI baratanI caahie| zRGgAra vizeSataH vipralambha zRGgAra meM yamaka kA (zabdazleza, citra bhAdi kA bhI) prayoga kavi ke pramAda kA sUcaka hai / kuntaka anuprAsamayI racanA kI pratinibaddhatA kA0 pra0, 8 ullAsa, pRSTha 30 1. 2. (ka) kAvyasyAlamalaMkAraiH kiM mithyAgaraNa taMga gaMH / yasya jIvitamoSityaM vicintyApi na dRzyate / pro0vi0ca0 pR0 4 (kha) ucita sthAnavinyAsAvalaMkRtiralaMkRtiH / vahI pR0 6 / 3. dekhie mammaTa dvArA uddhRta donoM udAharaNa -- (ka) prapasAraya ghanasAram ..... / (kha) ghise viTTarie TaTTAvi' (kA0 pra0 8 ma ullAsa ) kA0 da0 1 / 43, 44, 61. 4. 5. kA0 pra0 2 / 32. 6. (ka) zRGgArasyAMgino yatnAdekarUpa 11 sarveSvevaprabhedeSu nAnuprAsaH prakAzakaH // dhva0 2 ! 14 // (kha) dhvanyAtmabhUtazRGgAre yasakAvinibandhanam / zaktAvapi prabhAvitvaM vipralambhe vizeSataH // va0 jI0 2 / 4.
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________________ ( 62 ) ( saMkulatA - pUrNa baddhatA) ke pakSa meM nahIM hai, aura yadi aisI racanA ho bhI jAe; to use asukumAra nahIM banAnA cAhie' / bhaTTalollaTa (?) ke mata meM yamaka zrAdi zabdAlaMkAra rasa ke prativirodhI haiM / inakA prayoga kavi ke abhimAna kA sUcaka hai, athavA bher3acAla ke samAna hai / " ina saba prAcAryoM ke anurUpa rAmacandra- guNacandra ne bhI alaMkAra vizeSataH zleSa alaMkAra ko apane ukta kathana meM rasa ke galana arthAt bhaMga kA kAraNa mAnA hai / hamane dekhA ki zabdAlaMkAroM ke maucitya ko samajhAte samajhAte saMskRta kA zrAcArya kahIM kahIM unakA virodha aura niSedha taka kara baiThA hai| para prarthAlaMkAroM ke prayoga kA niSedha vaha kisI avasthA meM karane ko udyata nahIM hai / vaha inheM svastha rUpa meM dekhanA cAhatA hai / alaMkAra kA svastha rUpa hai - rasa, bhAva zrAdi kA aMga bana kara rahanA / use yaha rUpa dene ke lie eka prabuddha afa ko vizeSa prakAra ke samIkSaraNa kI sadA prapekSA rakhanI caahie| kA prayoga karate cale jAnA kavi kI svecchA para bhI nirbhara nahIM hai samajhe jAeMge, jaba ye rasa meM dattacitta, pratibhAvAn kavi ke sAmane kisI prayatna ke binA racanA meM rasAnukUla samAviSTa hokara svayaM kavi ko bhI mAzcaryacakita kara deM / niSkarSa yaha ki marthAlaMkAroM ke praucityapUrNa prayoga kI kasauTI hai - prapRthagyatna- rUpa se rasAnukUlatA kI prApti isake atirikta arthAlaMkAroM ke upakAraka tabhI / hAtha jor3e cale AeM, " arthAt rasAkSiptatayA yasya bandhaizakyakriyo bhavet / pRthagyatnanirvatyaH so'laMkAro dhvanau mataH // dhvanyA 2 / 16 / maura yadi zabdAlaMkAroM kA bhI, rasopayogI bana kara apRthagyatna- rUpa se, racanA meM svata: samAveza sambhava hotA, to saMskRta ke prAcAryoM ne arthAlaMkAroM ke samAna inheM bhI nizcita hI samAna mahattva de diyA hotA / ye dhvani arthAlaMkAroM kA maucityapUrNa prayoga karane ke lie mAnandavarddhana ne nimna sAdhanoM meM se kisI eka kA Azraya lene kI sammati dI hai ( 1 ) aMgIbhUta rasa ke prati rUpaka prAdi zralaMkAroM kA sadA maMgarUpa se vivakSA karatA / (2) aMgIrUpa meM alaMkAroM kI vivakSA kabhI na karanA / (3-4) pravasara para inakA grahaNa athavA tyAga karanA / 1. nAtinibandhavihitA, nApyapezalabhUSitA / va0 jI0 2 / 4 / 2. yamakAnulomataditaracakrAvibhido tirasavirodhinya / prabhimAnamAtrametad gaGkurikAvi pravAhI vA // kA0 anu0 (hema) pRSTha 3. 4. rasabhAvAditAtparyamAzritya vinivezanam / pralaMkRtInAM sarvAsAmalaMkAratvasAdhanas // bva0 pR0 122 / 5. alaMkArAntarANi - rasasamAhitacetasaH pratibhAvate: kaverahampUvikayA parApatanti / (dhvagyA0 2 / 16 / vRtti) dhvanyA0 2 / 18, 19
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________________ (5) bhArambha karake use anta taka nibhAne kA prayatna na karanA / (6) yadi manAyAsa mAdyanta nirvAha ho bhI jAe to use aMgarUpa meM rasapoSaka banAne kA yatna krnaa| uparyukta sAdhanoM meM se prathama do to eka hI haiN| pAMcaveM sAdhana kA tIsare aura cauthe meM tathA chaThe kA pahale meM antarbhAva ho sakatA hai / ina saba kA kula milAkara uddezya yaha hai ki racanA meM pralaMkAroM ko rasa ke aMga rUpa meM hI sthAna diyA jAe, pradhAna rUpa meM kabhI nahIM, aura aisA karane ke lie kavi samIkSA-buddhise kAma le, tabhI maryAlaMkAra apanI yathArthatA ko prApta kara sakeMge dhvanyAtmabhUte bhRGgAre samIkSya vinivezataH / rUpakAviralaMkAravarga eti yathArthatAm // dhva0 2 / 17 // 5. guNa rasa aura guNa ke paraspara-sambandha kA nirdeza karate hue eka sthAna para granthakAra likhate haiM ki 'vyAyoga' nAmaka rUpaka meM vIra, rodra prAdi dIpta rasoM kI sthiti hotI hai| mataH isa meM gadya tathA padya donoM pojaguNa-yukta hone cAhieM : dIptAnAM vIraraudrAdInAM rasAnAmAzrayaH / prataevAtra gadhaM padyaM caujoguNayuktam / ' (hi0 nA0 da0 pRSTha0 221) . mAnandavarddhana tathA unake anuyAyiyoM ke anusAra guNa kA rasa ke sAtha doharA sambandha hotA hai-eka sambandha pradhAna hai aura dUsarA gauNa / pradhAna sambandha kA prAdhAra sahRdaya kI cittavRtti hai, aura gauraNa sambandha kA prAdhAra varNa, pada aura artha haiM / ataH guraNa pradhAnataH rasa kA dharma hai aura gauNataH varNAdi kaa'| (1) rasa ke sAtha guraNa kA pradhAna sambandha hotA hai / isakA yaha tAtparya hai ki zRMgAra, karuNa mAdi komala rasoM meM citta kI druti hone ke kAraNa mAdhurya guNa kI svIkRti hogI, aura vIra, raudra mAdi kaThora rasoM meM citta kI dIpti hone ke kAraNa aoja guNa kii| komala athavA kaThora rasoM meM se kisI bhI rasa meM yadi prartha kA bhavabodha tvarita ho jAegA to vahA~ citta kI vyApti hone ke kAraNa mAdhurya athavA bhoja ke matirikta prasAda guNa kI bhI svIkRti kI jaaegii| dUsare zabdoM meM, kisI sarasa. racanA meM yadi tvarita arthAvabodha na hogA to vahAM rasa ke anukUla mAdhurya athavA bhoja meM kisI eka guNa kI sthiti mAnI jAegI, aura yadi tvarita arthAvabodha ho jAegA to vahA~ rasa ke anukUla mAdhurya aura prasAda guraNa, athavA bhoja aura prasAda guraNa do-do guNoM kI sthiti svIkRta hogii| isa prakAra ye guNa sahRdaya ke citta kI vibhinna avasthAmoM para AdhArita haiN| citta kI druti, dIpti athavA vyApti nAmaka avasthAeM pahale hotI haiM aura rasAbhivyakti inake bAda hotI hai| aisA kabhI nahIM ho sakatA ki sahRdaya kA mana ina bhavasthAnoM meM se na gujare aura rasa kA abhivyakti ho jAe / niSkarSataH cittavRtti kapa guNa aura rasa meM pUrvApara-sambandha hai tathA yaha sambandha nitya arthAta panivArya hai| (2) guNa kA rasa ke sAtha goNa sambandha bhI hai / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki zRMgAra, karuNa 1. (ka) ye rasasyAGgino dharmAHx x acalasthitayo gunnaaH| (ba): guNavRtyA punasteSAM mRttiH smaayormtaa| .kA00 8.66,71
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________________ prAdi komala rasoM meM komala varNoM kA prayoga honA cAhie tathA samasta padoM kA prayoga yA to na ho, yadi ho to alpa ho jisameM samasta para laghu hoN| isI prakAra vIra, rodra mAdi kaThora rasoM meM kaThora vargoM kA prayoga karanA cAhie, tathA saghana aura adhika samAsoM kA prayoga honA caahie| ukta varNoM evaM padoM kA prayoga komala rasoM meM mAdhurya guNa kA abhivyaMjaka kahAtA hai aura kaThora rasoM meM moja guNa kaa| inake atirikta yadi kisI bhI sarasa racanA meM prathaM kA pravabodha tvarita ho jAegA to usameM cAhe kaise bhI varNoM aura padoM kA prayoga ho vahAM mAdhurya athavA moja meM se kisI eka guNa ke sAtha prasAda guNa kI svIkRti bhI kI jaaegii| isa prakAra ye guNa varNa bhaura pada para AdhArita haiM, racanA arthAta kAvya ke bAhya pakSa para mASArita hai, pUrvokta guNoM ke samAna sahRdaya kI cittavRtti arthAt kAvya ke prAntarika pakSa para pApArita nahIM haiN| isake atirikta pUrvokta guNoM ke samAna ina guNoM kA rasa ke sAtha nitya sambandha bhI nahIM hai| udAharaNArtha, zrRMgAra rasa ke kisI padya meM yadi koI apIDha kavi dIrgha-samastavRtti maura TavargAdi se yukta kaThora varNayojanA kA prayoga kara legA, to usa sthiti meM bhI usa padya meM rasagata mAdhurya guNa kI hI svIkRti hogI aura varNAdigata projaguNa kI / kyoMki guNa kI sthiti rasa para mAta hai na ki varNayojanA para / hA~, isa padya meM 'varNa-pratikUlatA' nAmaka doSa bhI avazya mAnA jaaegaa| kintu mAdarza sthiti yahI hai ki zrRMgAra prAdi rasoM meM mAdhuryaguNa ke abhivyaJjaka vaNaM prayukta kiye jAne cAhie aura raudra mAMdi rasoM meM proja guNa ke| rAmacandra-guNacandra ko apane upayukta phavana meM yahI mAdarza sthiti prabhISTa hai ki pIra-raudra prAdi dIpta rasoM meM rasagata moja guNa to svataHsiddha hai hI, vahA~ dhAdigata bhI moSa graNa hI honA caahie| 6. vakrokti prastuta grantha meM 'vakrokti' zabda kA prayoga jina prasaMgoM meM humA hai, unameM nimnokta cAra prasaMga ullekhanIya hai-vIthI, zRMgAra rasa, bhAmukha, aura rasadoSa / inhIM prasaMgoM meM vakrokti ko na to kuntaka-sammata vyApaka artha meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai, tathA na zabdAlaMkAra rUpa pracalita artha meM / ina prasaMgoM meM isakA prayoga eka-samAna artha meM na hokara tIna bhinna arthoM meM humA hai : (1) vIthI'-prasaMga meM vakrokti se tAtparya hai-vividhatA vicitratA, athavA shbltaa| granthakAroM ne vIthI ke lakSaNa meM ise nATakAdi dvAdaza rUpakoM kI upakAriNI kahA hai aura isakA kAraNa yaha batAyA hai ki vIthI ke vyAhAra, adhibala prAdi 13 aMga nATaka bhAdi sabhI rUpakoM meM upayogI hai, aura ina aMgoM ke sambandha meM unhoMne kahA hai, ki ye aneka vakroktiyoM arthAt vividhatAoM, vicitratAoM athavA zabalatAoM se yukta hai sarveSAM rUpakANAM nATakAvInAM vkroktyaavisNkulaa| trayodazAGgapravezena upayoginI vaicitryakArikA // hi0 mA0 da0 pRSTha 241 isI prasaMga meM hI zRMgAra aura hAsya ko aneka prakAra kI vakroktiyoM se yukta kahA gayA hai / yahA~ bhI 'vakrokti' kA artha vividhatA hI hai vakroktisahalasaMpulatvena zRMgArahAsyayo sUcanAmAtratvAt kaizikI sihomsvm| -vahI
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________________ ( * ) (2) isI prakAra zrRMgAra rasa ke nimmokta prasaMga meM bhI vakrokti se abhiprAya hai sundara vArtAlApa, na ki kuntaka-sammata vakrokti--- prathamaH sambhogAyo bahuH / prspraavlokn-maan-vicitryoktyaadibhevto'nntprkaarH| ----hi0 nA0 60 pRSTa 107 (3) prAmukha-prasaMga meM 'vakrokta' (vakrokti) sAmba kA prayoga 'spaSTa vacana se viparIta' bharya meM huaA hai : mukha meM sUtradhAra ko prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga karatA hai-spaSTa bhaura vkrokt|" vakrokta se tArArya hai sAkSAt vivakSita artha kA apratipAdaka kathana--"vakroka: sAkSAd vivakSitArthasyApratipAdana :,' arthAt vaha vacana ko spaSTatayA na kahA jA kara ghumA-phirA kara kahA jAe, jaisA ki saMskRta nATakoM ke 'bhAmukha' meM prAya: vyavahRta hotA hai / (4) rasadoSa-prasaMga meM 'vakrokti' zabda kA prayoga tA nahIM humA, 'mavakrokti' kA humA hai / yahA~ 'vakrokti' se abhiprAya hai-yukta, ucita, mAnya, saMgata mAdi / rasa, sthAyibhAva, vyabhicAribhAva, prAdi kI svazabdavAcyatA kA sarvaprathama saMketa udbhaTa ne kiyA thA, tathA kuntaka, mammaTa mAdi bhAcAryoM ne ise eka doSa mAnA thA, kintu rAmacandra-guNacandra ne isa doSa-kalpanA ko prayukta kahA hai, tathA ise bhavyutpanna janoM kI ukti ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate hue ise 'pravakrokti' arthAt prayukta, anucita, amAnya, asaMgata dhAraNA mAnA hai : 'tasmAd mayura sanoktisvAvavakroktireveyam' (hi. nA0 d0)| ukta dhAraNA prayukta hai athavA nahIM, yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya nahIM hai / vicAraNIya yaha hai ki kyA 'vakrokti' zabda kA artha 'yukta' mAMdi bhI ho sakatA hai ? zanda ke vAcyArtha se to isa artha kA bodha nahIM hotA, hA~ yadi kheMcatAna kI jAe to vakrokti = kAvya kA bAhya sAdhana% kASya kA upayukta athavA yukta, mAnya, ucita tatva / prataH vakrokti kA artha huA yukta paura pravakrokti kA prayukta / kintu isa dhAraNA se manastuSTi nahIM hotii| sambhavataH yaha pATha hI prazuddha . ho / athavA 'vakrokti' zabda kA artha kAvyatva bhI liyA jA sakatA hai, jisake anurUpa 'pravakrokti' kA prathaM hogA--'kAvyatva se bahiSkRta' / prastu! yaha zamna yahA~ 'maprayukta' koSa se dUSita hai| (2) isake atirikta isa grantha meM nimnokta sthala para yadyapi 'vakratA' athavA 'vakrokti' zabda kA bahAra nahIM kiyA gayA, tathApi jisa dhAraNA ko vahA~ prastuta kiyA gayA hai usakA mUla prAdhAra acana kI vakratA hI hai / 'vIthI' nAmaka rUpaka-meva ke 13 aMgoM meM se 10 maMga hai mRdaivam - jisakA lakSaraH hai|jsmeN guNa aura doSa kA pArasparika vyatyaya ho-vyatyayo poSayauH mudavam / ' (hi. nA. 40 pRSTha 263) / isa prakAra 'mRdada' nAmaka vIthyata ke do rUpa haiM guNoM kA doSa bana mAnA aura doSoM kA guNa bana jAnA / prathama rUpa ke bAharaNa-svarUpa nATyadarpa meM tIna udAharaNa prastuta kiye gaye haiM jinameM guNa ko doSa batAyA gayA hai| inameM se prathama do udAharaNa lIjie 1. vidUSakanaTI mArSaH prastutAkSepi bhASaNam / sUtradhArasya vajhota spaSTotaM yat tavAmukham // 2. pitta vyabhicArirasaspAyino svazambavAyaravaM rasabodhamA, tabhann / hi 2010 pula 328
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________________ ( 66 ) (ka) dyUta sabhA meM becArI dropadI 'gau: go:' [arthAt meM tumhArI 'gI' hU~, mujhe bacAzro, mujhe bacAo ] cillAtI rahI kintu usa samaya kyA dhanurdhArI arjuna vahA~ nahIM thA jo use bacA sakatA ? 'veNIsaMhAra' meM duryodhana jayadratha kI mAtA kI cetAvanI ko avahelanA karate hue bole / (kha) [mere Ane para ] tumhAre mukhacandra ne muskarA kara merA svAgata kiyA, netroM ne praphullita hokara, bAhugroM ne romAJcita hokara aura vANI ne gadgad svara ko dhAraNa karake, kintu tumhAre kucadandroM meM koI parivartana nahIM AyA, ve vaise ke vaise kaThora prarthAt jar3a bane rahe," 'nalavilAsa' meM nala AgatapatikA damayantI se bole / " pahale patha meM arjuna kA 'dhanuSaMratva' aura dUsare padya meM kucadvandvoM kI 'kaThoratA' - yadyapi ye donoM guNa hai tathApi inheM doSa rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA gayA hai| ina udAharaNoM se do bAteM spaSTa haiM / eka yaha ki yahA~ 'guNa' zabda kAvyaguNoM kA sUcaka na hokara laukika guNoM kA sUcaka hai, ghora dUsarI yaha ki isa prakAra kI doSatA kA AdhAra vacana kI vakratA hai jisase guNa doSa na bana kara aura bhI adhika nikhara AtA hai tathA kAvya-saundarya kA kAraNa banatA hai / isI prakAra doSa ke guggagga bana jAne ke sambandha meM bhI jo udAharaNa prastuta kiye gaye haiN| unameM sabhI doSa kAvya-doSa ke sUcaka na hokara laukika doSoM ke sUcaka haiM tathA de guNa rUpa meM darita kie jAne para bhI grAhya na bana kara tyAjya bana gaye haiN| isa varNana prakAra kA mUla prAdhAra bhI vacana kI vakratA hI hai / do udAharaNa lIjie : 2 (ka) droNa, karNa, jayadratha prAdi sAta mahArathiyoM dvArA abhimanyu ke vadha kA samAcAra sunakara duryodhana kaha uThA ki zatru para kiyA gayA apakAra bhI niHsandeha atyanta prAnandadAyaka hotA hai / (kha) saba kI patniyA~ sundara nahIM hotIM, paranArIgAmI puruSa rAjyadaNDa kA bhAgI banatA hai, X X X X X X, yadi dUsaroM ke hita meM saMlagna vezyAyeM na hoM to becAre kAmAtaM jana kahAM jAyeM ? prathama padya meM 'kSAtradharma kA parityAga' rUpa doSa guraNa mAnA gayA hai, bhora dvitIya padya meM 'vezyAgamana' rUpa doSa bhI guNa rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / kintu ina donoM padyoM ke vaktAbhoM ke prati na to kavi kI sahAnubhUti hai aura na hI usake anurUpa sahRdaya kI / ataH vacana vakratA ke AdhAra para ye donoM laukika doSa aura bhI adhika tyAjya rUpa meM variNata ho gaye haiM / aucitya aura anocitya maucitya isa grantha meM 'procitya' kA prayoga nimnokta cAra sthaloM para huA hai (1) kavi dhIrodAtta prAdi mukhya pAtra ke lie] apanI gacchA se kisI phala- vizeSa kA utkarSa variNata nahIM karane laga jAtA, apitu 'procatya' arthAt unitA ko dekhakara hI vaha aisA karatA hai : "kavirapi na svecchayA phalasya utpaSaM nibaddhamarhati kintu procityena / " (pRSTha 30) 1-2 hindI nA0 40 pRSTha 263-265 / 7. (ka)
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________________ (2) jo vRtta nAyaka athavA prakRta rasa ke prayukta athavA viruddha ho use yA to chor3a denA cAhie, ayavA usakI anyathA kalpanA kara lenI cAhie / / 1 / 18) yahAM 'anyathA' zabda se svayaM granthakAroM kA abhiprAya hai aucitya athavA avirodha-anyatheti aucityenA'virodhena vaa| udAharaNArtha, nalavilAsa meM nala jaise dhIralalita nAyaka dvArA niraparAdha patnI kA tyAga yadyapi anucita hai kintu kApAlika ke prayoga se vaha [ucitatA-(procitya-) pUrvaka nibaddha ho gayA hai, ataH yaha prasaMga anibandhanIya nahIM hai / (pRSTha 36) (3) jisa prakAra nATaka meM abhinaya prabandha ke lie upayukta phala, aMka, upAya, x xx rasa prAdi kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra prakaraNa meM bhI ina saba kA prayoga maucitya (ucitatA) kA ullaMghana kiye binA karanA cAhie --."abhineyaprabanyocitaM phalADopAya.."rasAdikaM yathA nATake lakSitaM tathA'trApi sAvityA'natina raNa''yogyam / " (pR0 212) gha) nirveda Adi tetIsa saMcAribhAva zRgArAma rasoM meM yazAyoga prayukta karane cAhie : "trayastrizat yathAyogaM rasAnAM vyabhicAriNaH / " yahAM yAyoga' kA tAtparya hai-rasoM ke maucitya (ucitatA) kA anullaMbara arthAt isakA samyak pAlana --- 'yarAyogam' iti rasaucityA. 'natikrameNa / (hi. nA. da0 pRSTha 331) ukta uddharaNoM se yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki 'mocitya' dAda kA prayoga kSemendra-sammata aucitya-siddhAnta ke pAribhASika artha meM na kiyA jAkara 'ucitatA' artha meM kiyA gayA hai, yadyapi yaha alaga bAta hai ki mUlatA jo kucha kSemendra ko abhISTa hai lagabhaga vahI kucha rAmacandra-guNacandra ko bhI prabhISTa hai / kSemendra ke zabdoM meM 'ucitasya ca yo bhAvastadaucityaM pracakSate', kintu unhoMne kSemendra ke samAna sAkSAt athavA asAkSAt rUpa meM ise 'kAvya ko jIvita svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| () manaucitya isa granma meM katipaya sthaloM para 'manaucitya' zabda kA bhI prayoga huyA hai / eka sthala para yaha pAMca rasadoSoM meM se eka rasadoSa hai| pAMca rasadoSa hai-panaucitya, aMga kI ugratA, apuSTi, pratyukti mora maGgibhit / inameM se 'manocitya' nAmaka rasadoSa kA svarUpa hai-vaha karma jo sahRdayoM ke mana meM vicikitsA praryAta zaMkA athavA sandeha kA kAraNa bane-saharayAnAM vicikitsA-hetu karmAnaucityam / (pRSTha 324) prAge calakara isI prasaMga meM manaucitya ko 'rasadoSa' kA paryAya svIkAra karate hue andhakAroM ne kahA hai ki yadyapi aMgoM kI ugratA mAvi zeSa cAra rasadoSa bhI mUlata: 'anaucitya' nAmaka doSa meM hI mantarbhUta ho sakate hai, [ata: inakA pRthak nirUpaNa nahIM karanA cAhie], tathApi sahRdayoM ko anaucitya arthAt rasadoSa kA samyaka jJAna ho jAe, isalie aisA kiyA gayA hai"maMgotra pAdayAca boSAH paramArthato'naucityAntaHpAtino'pi sahRdayAnAmanaucityavyutpAdanArSabhudAharaNatvenopAsAH / pRSTha (328) ukta donoM sthaloM se bhI yahI jJAta hotA hai ki 'anaucitya' zabda kSemendra-sammata pAribhASika 'praucitya ke prabhAvAtmaka prarSa meM prayatana hokara rasadoSa parya meM hI svIkata dayA hai|
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________________ isakA kAraNa sambhavatA mAnandavana kA yaha kathana pratIta hotA hai ki panaucitya ke binA rasamaja kA koI anya kAraNa nahIM hotA-"manocisyA Rte nAnyam rasabhaGgasya kAraNam / " (vanyA. 3/14 vRtti) prAnandavarDana ne rasabhaMga pora panaucitya meM paraspara sambandha jor3A to rAmacandra-guNacandra ne ise 'rasadoSa' kA hI samAnArthaka mAna liyaa| isI prasaMga meM yaha jJAtavya hai ki manaucitya zabda kA doSaM ke artha meM sambhavataH sarvaprathama prayoga mahimabhaTTa ne kiyA thA tathA isake maneka bhedoM kI bhI carcA kI thI, kintu vahA~ na to ise rasadoSa ke partha meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai aura na hI isake bheda rasadoSa hI hai| vahAM to ise kAvya-doSa ke sAmAnya marya kA hI vAcaka mAnA gayA hai / (dekhie vyaktiviveka 2ya vibhazaM) hA~, prastuta grantha meM nimnokta sthala para 'panaucitya' zabda kA prayoga kSemendra-sammata 'bhocisya' ke prabhAvAtmaka rUpa meM bhI upasthita kiyA gayA hai-"prahasana nAmaka rUpaka kevala hAsya rasa kA hI viSaya hai / yaha zugAra rasa kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki [isa rUpaka ke mukhya pAtroM] nindanIya pAkhaNDI prAdi kA jugAra rasa ke rUpa meM nirUpaNa karanA bhanaucitya (praucitya ke prabhAva) kA sUcaka hai-ninyapAlabhitInAM zagArasyA'naucityenAbhAvAt kevalahAsyaviSayatvameva / (pRSTha 321) udhara kSemendra mI rasa ke pIcitya ke viSaya meM pratyanta mAgrahazIla hai kurvan saliye vyAptimaucityaciro rasaH / madhumAsa ivAzokaM karotyaMkuritaM mnH|| bhaucitya vicAracarcA-16 tathA ve rasoM ke pArasparika saMyojana meM manaucitya ko iSTakara nahIM mAnate teSAM parasparAilevAt kuryAdaucityarakSaNam / manocisyena saMspRSTaH kasyeSTo rasasaMkaraH // -vahI, 18 8. doSa pIche nirdeza kara pAye hai ki isa grantha meM pAMca rasa-doSoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa prasaMga ke atirikta doSa para manyatra viziSTa prakAza nahIM galA gyaa| isa prasaMga meM andhakAroM ne ukta pAMca rasadoSoM ke mevopabhedoM kA nispaNa kiyA hai jinheM inase pUrva mammaTa ne bhI thor3e-bahuta panTara ke sAtha ullikhita kiyA thaa| isa prasaMga kI do ullekhanIya vizeSatAeM hai-(1) rasAdi kI svazanokti ko doSa na mAnanA, tathA (2) vimAva kI kaSTakalpanA dvArA vyakti ko mammata ke samAna rasadoSa na mAnakara 'sandipa' nAmaka vAkyadoSa mAnanA / ye donoM svala vicAraNIya hai| (13) rasAdi kI svayambokti kA sarvaprathama ullekha yUTa ne apane 'kAvyAlaMkArasArasaMgraha meM rasa prakAra kA lakSaNa prastuta karate hue ina samoM meM kiyA pA rasabahakSitasyAmanArAvirasAvayam / samatvApisaMcArivimAyAbhinayAtparam // kA..... " 1. pahalA e-hi0 gAupAhA. 219 /
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________________ isa kathana se unakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki rasavad alaMkAra vahAM hotA hai jahA~ zrRMgAra mAdi spaSTa (pradhAna prayavA manI) rUpa se dikhAye gaye hoM tapA sAtha hI sthAyibhAva, saMcAribhAva, vibhAva tathA minaya prayAMta anubhAva aura sAtvika bhAva [ke vibhinna prakAroM kA svazamda se bhAsada (kayana) bhI kiyA gayA ho| isI pralaMkAra ke udAharaNa-svarUpa unhoMne nimnokta tIna paca prastuta kiye ye iti bhAvayatastasya samastAna pArvatoguNAn / saMbhRtAnalpasaMkalpaH kambaH prabalo'bhavat / / svikhatA'pi sa gANa babhAra pulakotkaram / kavambakalikAkozakesaraprakaropam // bhaNamautsukyabhicyA cintAnizcalayA kSaNam / kSaraNaM pramobAlasayA huzAsyAsyamabhUSyata // kA0 sA0 saM0 4 // 2-4 / yaha udAharaNa rasavAdiyoM ke mata meM rasa kA hai aura pralaMkAravAdiyoM ke mata meM rasavat alaMkAra kaa| una donoM kA vibhinna dRSTikoNa hI isa dhAraNA kA uttaradAyI hai / kintu yahAM vicANIya viSaya yaha dRSTikoNa nahIM hai, apitu yaha hai ki kyA kisI sarasa vAkya meM rasa mAdi kI svazabdokti anivArya hai / udbhaTa ke TIkAkAra pratihArendurAja ne ukta pacoM meM vibhAvAdi pAMcoM tattvoM kI svazabdokti kA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai ki yahAM kandarpa arthAt 'rati' nAmaka sthAyibhAva, mautsukya, cintA, pramoda (harSa) nAmaka saMcAribhAva, sveda mora pulaka (romAJca) nAmaka sAtvikabhAva-ye sabhI, tathA inake atirikta pArvatI mora 'tasya' arthAt mahAdeva ye donoM vibhAva bhI svazana dvArA kathita hai| (pRSTha 54) prata. yahAM udbhaTa-sammata rasavat alaMkAra kA ukta lakSaNa ghaTita ho jAtA hai| udbhaTa mora pratihArendurAja ke ina vaktavyoM se yaha niSkarSa nikAla sakate haiM ki udbhaTa ke samaya taka rasavat alaMkAra (mayavA rasa) ke udAharaNoM meM vimAvAdi kI svazamdokti anivAryataH svIkRta kI jAtI thii| uddhaTa ke uparAnta mAnandavacana ne apane rasadoSa-prasaMga meM ukta doSa kA nAmollekha nahIM kiyaa| hA~, rasa vAcya para prAta na hokara vyaGgaya para mAna hotA hai-isa prasaMga meM unhoMne prakArAntara se isa doSa kI carcA kI hai| isa sambandha meM unakA kathana yaha hai ki kisI bhI racanA meM vibhAva mAdi kI paripakva sAmagrI ke prabhAva meM rasa pAdi ke nAmollekha-mAtra se rasAnubhUti nahIM ho jAtI--hi deva bhArAvinambamAnamAvi vibhAvAvipratipAdanarahite kAmye manApapi rsvsvprtiitirsti| -nyA. 154 vRtti mAge basakara kumsaka ne uTa ke usa kavana kA ullekha karate hue usakA khaNDana kiyaa| unake mata kA sAra yaha hai ki rasa pAdi kI svabdokti dvArA hI yadi rasavarNA kA camatkAra svIkAra kiyA jAe taba to sapura (pAdi miSTAna) kA nAma lene mAtra se bhI unakA mAsvAda prApta ho jAnA cAhie, kintu aisA hotA nahIM hai|' 1. padapi karivat ' sva cAvicArivibhASAbhimavArapavam' ityanena pUrvameva sAvaM viracitam / svasavAsAvaratAnAmapariNApUrvamasmAkam / x x x x bada sma ramitIyamAnAH tiSaSamatarata: tamAnI parakhacamatkAraM kurvantItyanena nyAyena pUjanunayaH pApA samaramiyavanAvAH bAsvApasamparaM sammAsyanti xxx x. nItiyApita paDa 343-344
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________________ kuntaka ke uparAnta mammaTa ne 'rasa Adi kI svazabdavAcyatA' ko rasadoSoM meM parigaNita kiyaa| unheM isa doSa kI preraNA prAnandavarddhana aura sambhavataH kuntaka ke ukta prasaMgoM se milI hogii| mammaTa ke anukaraNa para vizvanAtha ne bhI isa doSa kI svIkRti kI ora nimnokta udAharaNa prastuta kiye (ka) sAmunvIkSya kuraMgAkSI raso naH ko'pyajAyata / (kha) candramaNDalamAlokya zRGgAre magnamantaram / (ga) ajAyata ratistasyAH tvayi locamagocare / (gha) jAtA lajjAvatI mugdhA priyasya paricumbane / idhara rAmacandra-guNacandra ne sambhavataH mammaTa ke isa prasaMga se preraNA prApta kara unase asahamati prakaTa karate hue ukta rUpa meM isa doSa ko masvIkRti kI hai| isa sambandha meM hamArI vinamra sammati yaha hai ki (ka) jahAM vibhAvAdi-sAmagrI apUrNa evaM aparipakva rUpa meM prastuta kI jAtI hai, athavA isakA prabhAva hI rahatA hai, vahAM yadi rasa, zRgAra, rati, lajjA prAdi zabdoM dvArA kathana ko sarasa banAne kI ceSTA kI jAe to nissandeha aise kathana na to sarasa kahAeMge pora na kAvyatva kI kisI koTi meM hI ve antarbhUta hoNge| ve kevala sAdhAraNa vArtAmAtra hI hoMge jaise ki vizvanAtha dvArA prastuta ukta cAra vAkya / (kha) jahAM vibhAvAdi kI sampUrNa sAmagrI kA upasthApana samyak rUpa se kiyA jAe, aura yadi vahAM rasa Adi meM se kisI eka kA nAma-nirdeza bhI anAyAsa ho jAe to ina sarasa prasaMgoM meM yaha doSa prayama to svIkRta nahIM karanA cAhie, aura yadi svIkRta kiyA bhI jAe to use kSamya samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki isase rasa-prApti meM koI vyAghAta upasthita nahIM hotaa| udAharaNArtha, rAmacandra-guNacandra prastuta padya meM mAninI ke netroM kA prapaJca-cAturya-pUrNa varNana kAvyAlAdakatA kA utpAdaka hai, kintu kevala 'utsukam' nAmaka saMcAribhAva ke prayoga se isameM rasadoSa mAnakara kAvyatva kI prasvIkRti athavA hIna-kAvyatva kI svIkRti karanA samucita nahIM hai / isI prakAra eka ora udbhaTa tathA dUsarI ora svayaM mammaTa dvArA prastuta do udAharaNa bhI kevala vArtAmAtra na hokara kAvyacamatkAra ke utpAdana meM samartha haiM, kyoMki usa sahRdaya ko jo isa pAribhASika kAvyadoSa se nitAnta aparicita hai, ina zabdoM ke prayoga ke kAraNa usake prAhlAda meM tanika bhI vyAghAta nahIM phuNctaa| (ga) kAvyaprakAza ke TIkAkAroM ne isa prasaMga meM yaha saMketa bhI kiyA hai ki sthAyibhAva, saMcAribhAva Adi ke pracalita nAmoM ke sthAna para yadi unakA paryAyavAcI zabda rakha diyA jAe to vahAM doSa nahIM rhtaa| udAharaNArtha "ThaNatkAraH atigataMvatsAhastasya ko'pyabhUta" meM 'utsAha nAmaka sthAyibhAva kA prayoga doSa kA kAraNa hai, para yadi yaha pATha kara diyA jAe to yaha doSa na rahegA-'pramodastasya ko'pyabhUt / ' kintu yaha dhAraNA bhI samucita nahIM hai / isa doSa kA eka 1. hindI nATyadarpaNa pRSTha 328 2. (ka) sabIga vayitAtane..... (kha) tAmanakalayamaMgala..." / kA0 pra0 7/321, 322
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________________ ( 71 ) mAtra mAdhAra hai kAvyacamatkAra kI prapuSTi / mammaTa prastuta yaha patha' isa bAdhAra para bhale hI sadoSa ho, para isa kAraNa kadApi sadoSa nahIM mAnanA cAhie ki isameM 'utsAha' zabda kA prayoga humA hai, prathavA 'pramoda' zabda rakha dene se yaha prapuSTi dUra ho jAegI aura yaha sadoSa na rahegA / (s) vastutaH isa doSa kI svIkRti kA mUla uddezya vyaGgapAyaM kI mahattA spaSTa karanA hai / yataH yadi rasa, sthAyibhAva Adi kA prayoga na kiyA jAe to yaha prAdarza sthiti hai, vibhAvAdi kI paripakvatA meM inakA prayoga sadoSa nahIM hai tathA inakI aparipakvatA meM doSa hai / ataH rAmacandra guNacandra kI ukta dhAraNA prAMzika rUpa se prAhma hai-pUrAta nahIM / (2) aba dUsare doSa ko leM - ' vibhAva kI kaSTakalpanA dvArA vyakti (abhivykti)|' isa doSa kA mammaTa tathA rAmacandra- guNacandra ne nimnokta udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai pariharati rati mA~ta sunIte svalatitarAM parivartate ca bhUyaH / iti bata viSamA vaMzA svadehaM paribhavati prasabhaM kimatra kurmaH // arthAt yaha nAyikA kisI prakAra kI ruci nahIM rakhatI, isakI buddhi kSINa ho gayI hai, yaha nirantara giratI par3atI hai tathA bAra bAra karavaTeM badalatI hai / isa prakAra isake deha kI mavasthA pratyanta viSama hai, isakA kyA upAya kiyA jAe ? -- isa kathana se yaha sandeha banA rahatA hai ki isa nAyikA kI yaha dazA viyoga (rati) ke kAraNa hai athavA zoka ke kAraNa / ataH yaha nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha sakate ki yaha udAharaNa vipralambha zRMgAra rasa kA hai prathA karuNa rasa kA / mammaTa ne ise 'vibhAvasya kaSTakalpanayA vyakti' nAmaka rasadoSa mAnA hai auaura rAmacandra guNacandra ne 'sandigdha' nAmaka vAkyadoSa / nATyadarpaNa meM rasadoSoM ke atirikta anya doSoM kA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA gayA / kAvyaprakAza meM vAkyagata sandigdha kA udAharaNa hai-- kasmin karmariNa sAmarthyamastha mosapatetarAm / yaM sAdhucarastasmAd aJjalirvasyatAmiha / kA0 pra07/205 arthAt, isa puruSa kI zakti kisa kArya meM prakaTa nahIM hotI ? yaha vyakti to 'sAdhucara' hai / maTha: ise namaskAra kIjie / 'sAghucara' se yaha spaSTataH prakaTa nahIM hotA ki vaha sAdhuyoM meM ghUmatA-phiratA hai' athavA 'pahale sAdhu rahA hai|' mataH yahAM mammaTa ke mata meM vAkyagata sandeha hai| nissandeha ukta 'pariharati ratipadya meM isa prakAra kA sandeha nahIM hai| yahAM rasa-viSayaka sandeha hai vAkyaviSayaka nahIM / isI prasaMga meM bhaMgata sandeha kA udArahaNa bhI draSTavya hai mAtsaryamutsArya vicArya kAryamAryAH samaryAdamudAharantu / har: mitambA: fear bhUdharANAmuta smarasmeravilAsinInAm // kA0 pra0 7 / 262 10 saMprahAre 2. kA0 pra0 7 / 326, mA0 0 3 / 23 vRti | praharaNaM / mahArANAmparasparam / ThatkAraiH bhUtisAhastasya ko'pyabhUt // kA0 207/224
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________________ ( 2 ) marthAt, kyA parvata ke nitamba (prAntara bhAga) sevanIya hai athavA vilAsiniyoM ke nitambaisa kathana meM prakaraNAbhAva ke kAraNa yaha sandeha banA rahatA hai ki yaha udAharaNa zAnta rasa kA hai athavA zrRMgAra rasa kaa| riharati rati ..." padya tathA isa padya meM samasyA eka hI hai ki do rasoM meM se ise kisa rasa kA udAharaNa mAnA jAe / kintu sAtha hI donoM padyoM meM antara hai vaha yaha ki eka meM zleSa the. kAraNa sandeha hai aura dUsare meM isake binA / vastutaH anvayavyatireka-sambandha ke AdhAra para 'sevyA nitmbaa|' kapana meM pradoSatA kI apekSA padadoSatA pradhika hai, jaise ki svayaM mammaTa ne padagata sandeha kA aisA ho udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai-"mAzIHparamparA vandyAM karNe kRtvA kRpAM kuch|" isameM vandyAm' kA artha sandigdha hai / kyA isakA prayaM 'vandanIyA arthAt namaskaraNIyA ko' hai, athavA vandyAm bandyAm) kA artha 'bandIkRta pahilA meM hai ? kintu 'sevyAH nitambA...' meM rasa-viSayaka sandeha hai jo ke zleSa' para AdhArita hai, aura 'pAzI:paramparAM vandyAm...' meM zleSa to hai kintu yahAM rasa-viSayaka sandeha nahIM hai| ata: 'prAdhAnyena vyapadezAH bhavanti' ke anusAra prathama padya meM rasadoSa hai aura vitIya padya meM paradoSa / 'zleSa' ke sambandha meM prAcAryoM kI spaSTa dhAraNA hai ki isakI sthiti taba mAnanI cAhie jaba yaha svatantra rUpa meM prayukta ho|' isakI paratantra athavA gauNa sthiti meM pradhAnatA usa kAmya-tatva kI mAnanI cAhie jisakA yaha poSaka ho| ukta vivecana ke AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki 'sevyAH nitambA:...' aura 'pariharati rati..." ina donoM padyoM meM sandiAdha nAmaka rasadoSa hI hai. kintu eka antara ke sAtha-prathama meM zliSTa sandiradha doSa hai aura dUsare meM pazliSTa, para donoM haiM rasagata hI / kyoMki doSa kI dRSTi se rasa-nirNaya meM sandigdhatA kA banA rahanA hI donoM kA pratipAdya hai| 'pariharati rati...' meM 'vibhAva kI kaSTakalpanA dvArA abhivyakti' nAmaka doSa kI svIkRti isalie nahIM mAnanI cAhie ki vibhAvAdi to rasa-siddhi ke lie sAdhana hai| isa padya meM rasa kA nirNaya sandigdha raha jAne ke kAraNa sandigdha doSa mAnanA cAhie aura vaha bhI rasagata / niSkarSataH rAmacandra-guNacandra kI yaha dhAraNA ki yahA~ vAkyagata sandigdha doSa hai aMzataH mAnya hai, kyoMki yahAM sandigdha doSa rasagata hI hai vAkyagata nhiiN| 8. rasa nATayadarpaNa meM anya kAvyopakaraNoM ke samAna rasa para bhI kevala isa dRSTi se prakAza hAlA gayA hai ki isakA rUpaka ke sAtha kyA sambandha hai, kauna kauna se rasa isake vibhinna bhedoM athavA aMgoM ke sAtha sambaddha hai prAdi / udAharaNArtha-'bhANa' rUpaka meM zRMgAra aura vIra rasa kI pracAmatA hotI hai, 'Dima' meM raudra rasa kI tathA 'utsRSTAI' meM karuNa rasa kI, aura vIthI' kA sambandha saba rasoM ke sAtha hotA hai, ityaadi|''bhaartii' nAmaka nATayavRtti saba rasoM ke sAtha sambaddha hotI hai, 'sAsvatI' raudra, vIra, zAnta bhora maddhata rasoM ke sAtha, 'kazikI' hAsya aura zRMgAra rasa ke sAtha, tathA 'mArabhI' raudra bhAdi dIpta rasoM ke sAtha / ' isI prakAra rUpakoM meM kauna kauna se rasa paraspara mitra hote hai tathA korA virodhI bhora virodhI, rasoM kA parihAra kisa prakAra kiyA pAe, prAvi-ina bahucarcita viSayoM para bhI isa anya meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai / 1. meSasya copamAsamaMkAravivitto'sti viSayaH iti| [phA0 pra0 6 ma u0, ilevaprakaraNa] 2. hindI mAravala 2/16, 21, 23, 28 / 1. 3/2, 5, 6 / 4. vahI pRSTha 320 /
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________________ sAka yora , zArasparika sambandha-nirdezaka upayukta sthaloM ke atirikta isa prastha meM rasa-viSayaka katipaya anya samasyA prasaMgoM kI bhI carcA kI gayI hai, jaise-- (1) rasa kI mhttaa| 10 analita se itara saMcAribhAvoM tathA rasoM kA nAma-nidaza / 13, nau rasoM kA krama-nirdeza / (4) kSAra rasa ke donoM bhedoM kA nirNAyaka prAdhAra / (5) adbhuta rasa kI mahattA evaM sthiti / (6) zAnta rasa kA sthAyibhAva / (7) abhinaya mora naTa tathA prekSaka / (8) rasa kI sukhaduHkhAtmakatA / aba ina prasaMgoM kA digdarzana evaM sAmAnya vivecana prastuta hai| (1) rasa kI mahattA prastuta grantha meM aneka sthaloM para yaha nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai ki rasa nATaka meM apanI viziSTa mahattA rakhatA hai| inameM se kucha sthaloM para rasa ko kAvya ke anya upakaraNoM-vizeSataH bhalaMkAra-ko apekSA sarvottama upakaraNa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, jinakA ullekha pIche yathAsthAna kiyA cukA hai / isa sambandha meM anya ullekhanIya sthala isa prakAra hai (1) nATya kA pantha rasa kI kalloloM se paripUrNa hotA hai|' (2) nATya kA eka mAtra mApAra rasa hI hai|' (3) (nATagha ke) kathAbhAga meM viccheda na Ane denA rasa kI paripuSTi ke lie kiyA pAtA hai|' (4) 'prakaraNa' nAmaka rUpaka meM purAnI bAtoM meM bhI kavi ko rasa kI paripuSTi ke lie nayI bAta aura bar3hA denI caahie| (5) kavi (nATakakAra, prabandhakAra) kI samapra cetanA ekamAtra rasa-vidhAna meM hI saMmagna rahatI hai, vaha rasa-niveza meM siddhahasta hotA hai| ukta sthaloM se spaSTa hai ki granthakAroM ko yaha mAnanA abhISTa hai ki rasa nATaka kA anivArya tattva hai tathA nATakakAra kA eka-mAtra lakSya isI kI hI puSTi evaM siddhi karanA hai / vastutaH 1. panyA: x x x mATapasya rskllolsNkulH| hi0 nA0 ba0 pRSTha 3 2. zammAmAtrazaraNAH zurukAyo yamakalevAdInAmeva nibandhamarhanti, na tu rasaMkazaraNaspa nATayasya / -vahI, pRSTha 320 3. itivRttasyAvicchevaH rspushprssH| -yahI pRSTha 196 4. papi patra prAttAnaM nivapate tatrApi kavitA rasapuSTiheturadhikAvApo viSayaH / -vahI pRSTha 211 5. rasavidhAna kavetasaH kaH xxx rasanivezakavyavasAyinaH prabandhakavayaH xxxr -vahI, pRSTha 105.197
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________________ ( 4 ) nATaka aura rasa ke pArasparika sambandha ko carcA bharata muni ke samaya se hI kI jAtI rahI hai| unhoMne nATagha (nA.) ke lakSaNa meM anya tattvoM ke sAtha rasatattva kA bhI samAveza kiyA hai, nATaya ke pradhAna aMgoM meM pAThaya, gIta, abhinaya ke matirikta rasa ko bhI gaNanA kI hai', tathA nATaya meM rasa kI anivArya sthiti ko prakArAntara se svIkAra kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki nATyadarpaNa meM kathA paura muktaka-kAvya kI siddhi pralaMkAra-camatkAra para bhASArita kI gayI hai aura nATaka tathA prabandha-kAvya kI rasa para / kintu prathama dhAraNA aMzataH satya hai, aura dUsarI dhAraNA ke sambandha meM itanA aura jJAtavya hai ki prabandhakAvyoM kI apekSA nATaka meM rasa kI puSTi adhika saMkulatA ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki isa meM vibhAvAdi sAmagrI apane yathAvat rUpa meM sanniviSTa rahatI hai| isI prasaMga meM yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki rAmacandra-guNacandra ne zabdArtha ko kAvya kA zarIra mAnate hue kahA hai ki isa zarIra meM prANa-saMcAra karane vAlA rasa hI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kavijanoM kI prIni rasa kI prati hI hotI hai arthazabdavapuH kAmyaM rasaH prAraNevisarpati / prazaMsA tena sauhAvaM raseSu kavimAninAm // nA0 30 3/21 (.) pracalita pe itara rasoM tyA saMcAribhAvoM kA nAmanirdeza isa grantha meM pracalita se itara saMcAribhAvoM tathA rasoM kA nAma-nirdeza kiyA gayA hai kintu inakA svarUpa prastuta nahIM kiyA gayA / inakI sUcI isa prakAra hai saMcArabhAva --kSut, tRSNA, maMtrI, muditA, zraddhA, dayA, upekSA, rati, santoSa, kSamA mArdava, mArjava, dAkSiNya prAdi / rasa--lolya, sneha, vyasana, duHkha, sukha prAdi / ina pAMcoM ke sthAyibhAva kramazA ye haigaI (tRSNA), mAItA, mAsakti, prati aura santoSa / kintu kaI prAcArya inakA antarbhAra pracalita rasoM meM mAnate haiN| (3) nava rasoM kA krama isa grantha meM zRMgAra Adi no rasoM kI pUrvApara-krama sthiti ke sambandha meM nimnora saMgatiyAM prastuta kI gayI hai jo ki prAya: manastovaka hai / (1) sarvaprathama zrRMgAra rasa kI gaNanA karane cAhie kyoMki 'kAma' saba prANiyoM meM sulabha tattva hai, tathA unheM pratyanta paricita rahatA hai, prata saba ko manohara pratIta hotA hai / (2) zrRMgAra ke uparAnta hAsyarasa kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai, kyoMki yaha rasa zRMgAra kA anugAmI (usase udbhUta evaM usakA poSaka) hotA hai| (3) isake uparAna 1. bahakatarasamArgam x x x mA0 zA0 16/118 2. jagrAha pAThayamRgvedAt sAmanyo gItameva c| yajurvedabhinayAn rasAnAparaNAdapi // bahI 1/17 3. ye rasA iti paThayante nATace nATapaSidhamaNaH / vahI 1/2 4. dekhie pRSTha 6 5, 6, hindI nATaparpaNa pRSTha 331, 306
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________________ ( 75 ) karuNa rasa-kyoMki yaha hAsya rasa kA virodhI arthAt usake viparIta hotA hai / (4) isake uparAnta raudra rasa-kyoMki yaha rasa arthapradhAna hai aura artha kI utpatti kAma se hotI hai| (5) isa ke uparAnta vIra rasa-kyoMki yaha rasa dharmapradhAna hai aura dharma kI utpatti kAma aura artha donoM se hotI hai / (6) isa ke uparAnta bhayAnaka rasa-kyoMki vIrarasa kA mukhya uddezya hai bhIta janoM ko abhaya-pradAna / (7) isake uparAnta bIbhatsa rasa-kyoMki sAttvika jana bhaya ke prati jugupsA prakaTa karate haiM / (8) isake uparAnta adbhuta rasa-kyoMki bIbhatsa ko vismaya dvArA dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| (9) saba se anta meM zAnta rasa kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai, kyoMki zama saba dharmoM kA mUla kAraNa hai|' niSkarSataH ukta prasaMga meM 'kAma' ko pradhAna mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki isI para hI dharma aura artha donoM AdhArita hai, tathA ina tInoM ke bala para zRgAra prAdi nau rasoM kI pUrvApara-sthiti nirdhArita kI gayI hai; tathA sAtha hI prakArAntara se zRMgAra rasa kI pradhAnatA bhI siddha kI gayI hai, kyoMki akelA zRMgAra rasa hI aisA hai jo 'kAma' se sambaddha hai / zRgAra ke atirikta anya rasa yA to artha aura dharma meM se kisI eka athavA donoM para avalambita hai athavA eka dUsare rasa para / isa prakAra se rAmacandra-guNacandra ne agnipurANakAra evaM bhojarAja kI etaviSayaka prakhyAta dhAraNa kA anya rUpa se samarthana kiyA hai ki zRMgAra rasa sarvopari rasa hai / (4) zRGgAra rasa ke donoM bhedoM kA nirNAyaka prAdhAra zRMgAra rasa ke do pracalita bhedoM ke sambandha meM granthakAroM kA kahanA hai ki ye bheda gAya ke citakabare aura kAle varNa ke samAna nitAnta vibhinna na hokara paraspara saMkulita (mizrita) rahate haiM, kyoMki eka aora sambhoga meM vipralambha kI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai aura dUsarI pora vipralambha meM manogata sambhoga kA bhAva anusyUta rahatA hai / kintu isa sthiti meM nirNaya utkaTatA ke prAdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai| hA~, yadi kisI padya meM donoM avasthAoM ko prastuta kiyA jAtA hai to vaha mIlita (eka samAna AhlAdaka) citraNa kA sthala atizaya camatkAra kA dyotaka hotA hai avasthAdvayamIlananibandhane ca saatishyshcmtkaar:| (hi0 nA0 20 pRSTha 306) inameM se pramama dhAraNA kA AdhAra vyAkaraNazAstra kA yaha prasiddha siddhAnta hai ki 'prAdhAnyena vyapadezAH bhavanti / ' nissandeha zRGgAra ke donoM bhedoM meM itara bheda kA aMza saMvalita rahatA hai aura usakA vyapadezaka AdhAra hai kisI eka tattva kA prAdhAnya / kintu dUsarI dhAraNA .vicAraNIya hai| prathama to aise padyoM kA milanA asambhava hai, jina meM sambhoga athavA vipralamma meM se kisI eka rUpa kI pradhAnatA lakSita na hotI ho, aura dUsare, paMDitarAja jagannAtha ke zabdoM meM saMyoga aura vipralambha kA ekamAtra prAdhAra antaHkaraNa kI vRtti-vizeSa hai; bAhya vAtAvaraNa nahIM hai / ' rAmacandra-guNacandra ne isa prasaMga meM jo udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai, usI se milatA julatA udAharaNa jagannAtha ne bhI isI prasaMga meM diyA hai 1, 2. hi nA0 20 pRSTha 305, 306 3. imo saMyogaviyogAlyAvantaHkaraNavRttivizeSau / -rasagaMgAdhara pRSTha 41 4. "ekasmina zayane parAGmukhatayA vItottaraM tAmyato" ityAdi -hi0 nA0 10 pRSTha 307
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________________ ( 76 ) zAyatA savidhe'pyanIzvarA saphalIka maho manorathAn / dayitA dayitAnanAmbujaM paramIlanayanA nirIkSate // [rasagaMgAdhara pRSTha 41,12] ina donoM udAharaNoM meM antaHvRtti ke AdhAra para antataH sambhoga zrRMgAra kI hI svIkRti hogI, viyoga kI bhAvanA to yahAM uddIpaka mAtra hai| (5) adabhuta rasa kI mahattA evaM sthiti nATyadarpaNa meM adbhuta rasa ko carcA do sthaloM para kI gayI hai-eka 'parigRhana' nAmaka nirvahaNa-sandhyaGga ke prasaMga meM aura dUsare 'nATaka' nAmaka rUpaka ke prasaMga meN| pahale prasaMga meM adbhuta rasa kA sAmAnya sA svarUpa-nirdeza hai-"adbhuta rasa kI prApti 'upagRhana' (parigRhana) kahAtI hai / isakA sthAyibhAva 'vismaya' hai / udAharaNArtha, rAmAbhyudaya nATaka meM sItA-jvalana prakaraNa ke antargata sItA ke lie agnideva kA praveza prAdi / " [pRSTha 188] dUsare prasaMga meM adbhuta rasa kI mahattA evaM sthiti para prakAza DAlA gayA hai-"nATaka nAmaka rUpaka meM eka rasa aMgIrUpa meM honA cAhie, tathA anya rasa aMgarUpa meM / isake anta meM adbhuta rasa honA cAhie : ekAGgirasamanyAGgam adbhutAntam' / 'madbhutAntam' pada kA vigraha karate hue prAcArya kahate haiM ki "adbhuta eva raso'nte nirvahaNe yatra", arthAt nATaka ke anta meM-nirvahaNa sandhi meM-pradbhuta rasa honA cAhie / isakI vyAkhyA meM mAge kahA gayA hai ki "nATaka meM eka ora zRMgAra, vIra, raudra prAdi rasoM dvArA strIratna, pRthvIlAbha, zatrukSaya rUpa sampattiyoM kI prApti hotI hai, aura dUsarI pora karuNa, bhayAnaka tathA bIbhatsa rasoM dvArA ina saba kI prApti / kintu nATaka ke anta meM adbhuta rasa dvArA lokottara evaM asambhAvya phalarUpa prApti dikhAnI cAhie, kyoMki pratyeka kriyA kA koI na koI phala to avazya hotA hI hai, ataH yadi nATaka meM prasAdhAraNa vastu rUpa phala kI kalpanA na kI gayI to phira isake nirmANa meM parizrama karane se kyA lAbha ?" (pRSTha 37) isa kathana kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki maMgI rasa cAhe koI bhI ho kintu usa rasa se sambaddha phala 'adbha' se mizrita honA cAhie / 'adbhuta' se yahAM tAtparya hai aisA phala jo eka pIra to asambhAvya ho, arthAt o sAmAnya paristhitiyoM meM sulabha na ho, athavA jisake lie nAyaka ko lokAcAra se kicid vilakSaNa mAcaraNa karanA par3e athavA ghora vipattiyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3e; aura dUsarI mora vaha lokottara ho, arthAt jisakI prApti sAmAnya jana ke lie prAyaH asambhava sI hotI huI bhI sabakI lAlasA evaM kAmanA kA viSaya banI rhe| udAharaNArtha, sAmAnya lokavyavahAra ke tamAna kevala vivAha-sambandha dvArA nAyikA kI prApti meM adbhuta-tatva kA samAveza ma hone ke kAraNa yaha nATaka kA viSaya nahIM hai / hA~, duSyanta-zakuntalA kA prema-prasaMga nATaka kA viSaya bana sakatA hai, kyoMki isameM eka mora lokAcAra se vilakSaNa prAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai bhora dUsarI ora anandya sundarI zakuntalA rUpa phalaprApti pratyeka sahRdaya kI lAlasA evaM kAmanA kA viSaya bana gayI hai| isI prakAra 'pRthvIrAja-saMyogitA svayaMvara' bhI prasAmAnya varamAlA-prasaMga ke samAleza ke kAraNa nATaka kA viSaya bana sakatA hai| isI prakAra vIra rasa ke nATakoM meM bhI maipoliyana kA kathana bhI ki "maiM gayA. maiMne dekhA aura maiMne jIta liyA" usI sthiti meM nATaka
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________________ ( 77 ) kA viSaya bana sakatA hai jaba ki yA to zatrupakSa kA kAyaratApUrNa palAyana bhI sAtha hI dikhAyA jAe, yA phira yaha dikhAyA jAe ki zatruoM ke rakta kI pyAsI talavAra jyoM kI tyoM khicI raha gayI aura vaha 'becArA' janazUnya zatru-nagarI meM hAtha malatA raha gayA / kintu isa sabase bar3hakara zrAdarza sthiti rAma-rAvaNa yuddha prasaMga kI mAnanI cAhie jisameM rAma ne rAvaNa para AkramaNa karake usakI senA evaM sahayogI vIra sambandhiyoM kA mUlocchedana karake laMkA vijaya ke uparAnta sItA kA uddhAra kiyA / ina saba prakaraNoM meM zraMgI rasa zrRMgAra athavA vIra rasa svIkAra kiye jaaeNge| yadi inameM anya rasoM kI jhalaka milegI bhI to ve aMgI ke poSaka hone ke kAraNa vaMgarUpa meM svIkRta raheMge / kintu aMgI ( poSya) rahA ke camatkAra kA mUla kAraNa ye aMga (poSaka) rasa nahIM haiM, apitu 'adbhuta' kA samAveza hI hai--yaha rAmacandra gurA/candra kA mUla abhiprAya hai, aura zAyada isI prathavA isa prakAra kI dhAraNA se prerita hokara dharmadatta nAmaka AcArya ne nimnalikhita kathana meM prabhuta rasa kI sarvatra ( saba sarasa racanAoM meM ) svIkRti kara lI thI rase sAraH camatkAra: sarvatrA'pyanupate / tacca matkArasAratve sarvApyadbhuto rasaH // " - aura isI AdhAra para hI nArAyaNa nAmaka AcArya ( zrAcArya vizvanAtha ke pitAmaha) ne kevala pradabhuta rasa ko hI ekamAtra rasa ghoSita kiyA thA- tasmAt prabhutamevAh kRtI nArAyaNo ramam / nissandeha rasa meM camatkAra hI sArabhUta tatva hai| makAra ko vizvanAtha ke zabdoM meM vismaya kA apara paryAya bhI kaha sakate haiM, jisase sahRdaya ke citta kA vistAra hotA hai| "camatkAra: cittavistArarUpo vismayAparaparyAya: " aura isa camatkAra athavA vismaya ko khIMcatAna kara 'prabhuta' kA bhI paryAya mAna lene meM koI prApatti nahIM honI cAhie, aura yahI madbhuta sabhI rasoM meM eka anivArya tattva bhI hai, kyoMki isake binA rasa kI siddhi hI sambhava nahIM hai / kintu yaha saba svIkAra karate hue bhI (1) na to rAmacandra guNacandra bhAcAryoM ke samAna isa 'adbhuta' ko 'adbhuta rasa' isa nAma se prabhihita karanA cAhie, aura - (2) na zrAcArya nArAyaNa ke samAna isa pradbhuta ko hI ekamAtra rasa svIkAra karanA cAhie | kyoMki ukta svIkRti meM yaha 'camatkAra' prathavA 'adbhuta' nAmaka tatva racanA ke mUla rasa kA kevala sAdhana mAtra hotA hai, sAdhya nahIM hotA, sAdhya to zRMgAra Adi anya rasa hI hote haiM / kevala itanA hI kyoM, yahAM taka ki jisa racanA meM pradbhuta rasa sAdhya rUpa meM rahegA, vahAM bhI sAdhana rUpa meM hI isakI sthiti anivAryataH rahegI / niSkarSataH isa prasaMga meM 'bhuta' zabda kAvyacamatkAra kA hI paryAya hai, adbhuta rasa kA nahIM / (6) zAnta rasa kA sthAyibhAva rAmacandra guNacandra ne zAnta rasa kA sthAyibhAva nirveda na mAnakara 'zama' mAnA hai / isa sambandha meM unake nimna kathana ullekhanIya haiM 12. sAhityadarpaNa 33 iti /
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________________ ( 78 ) (1) niHspRhatA ( icchA ke prabhAva ) ko 'zama' kahate haiM - niHspRhatvaM zamaH / (pRSTha 330) kAma, krodha, lobha, mAna, mAyA Adi se rahita, viSayasaMlagnatA se vimukta, prakliSTa cittavRtti rUpa 'zama' nAmaka sthAyibhAva zAnta rasa [ ke rUpa meM abhivyakta] hotA hai : 'kAma-krodha-lobha- mAna-mAyAdhanuparakta-paronmukhatA -vivarjitA'kliSTaceto rUpazamasthAyI zAnto raso bhavati / ( pRSTha 317) (2) daridratA, vyAdhi, apamAna, IrSyA, bhrama, zrAkroza, tADana, iSTaviyoga, paravibhUtidarzana pradi ( sAMsArika) klezoM ke kAraNa virasatA ( vairAgyabhAva ) tathA tattvajJAna ko nirveda nAmaka saMcAribhAva kahate haiM-nirvedastatvadhIH klezairvairasyam / ( pRSTha 331 ) (3) janma-maraNa se yukta saMsAra se, bhaya tathA vairAgya se, jIva, bhajIva (paramAtmA zrIra prakRti), pApa-puNya Adi tattvoM tathA mokSa ke upAyoM ke pratipAdaka zAstroM ke vimarzana se zAnta rasa kI utpatti hotI hai / (pRSTha 317 ) spaSTataH ukta kathanoM meM 'zama' ko sthAyibhAva mAnA gayA hai aura 'nirveda' ko sNcaaribhaav| rAmacandra guNacandra se pUrva mammaTa ne nirveda ko sthAyIbhAva bhI mAnA thA bhaura saMcAribhAva bhI tathA 'nirveda' sthAyibhAva se zAnta rasa kI abhivyakti svIkRta kI thii| kintu ina AcAryoM ne mammaTa ke isa mantavya ko svIkRta karate hue kahA hai ki eka hI bhAva ko ina donoM nAmoM se abhihita karanA svavacana virodha hai / kintu vastutaH mammaTa ko bhI vahI abhISTa hai jo ina donoM zrAcAryoM ko hai| unhoMne sabhI sthAyibhAvoM tathA saMcAribhAvoM kI sUcI prastuta karake inheM 'lakSaNa nAma prakAza' samajha kara inakA lakSaNa prastuta nahIM kiyA / kintu unake zAnta rasa ke prakhyAta udAharaNa "aho vA hAre vA kusumazayane vA dRSadi vA" se nissandeha yahI pratIta hotA hai ki nirveda nAmakasthAyibhAva tatvajJAna se utpanna bhAva hai, na ki sAMsArika klezoM ke kAraNa utpanna vairAgya bhAva se / hA~, yaha dUsarA rUpa ise saMcAribhAva kI hI saMjJA degA, sthAyibhAva kI nahIM / mammaTa kI isI dhAraNA ko mammada ke TIkAkAroM ne bhI samajhA thA bhaura spaSTataH likhA thA sthAyI syAt viSayeSveSa tatvajJAnAt bhaved yadi / iSTAniSTa viyogAptikRta stu vyabhicArya sau // kA0 pra0 ( bAlaboSinI TokA) pRSTha 116 kintu phira bhI, rAmacandra- guNacandra ne nirveda aura zama kA svarUpa malaga-alaga dikhAkara viSaya kI spaSTatA meM pUrNa sahayoga diyA hai, aura sambhavataH inake grantha se prathavA isI ke anurUpa kisI 1. (ka) nirvedasya x x x prathamam x x x upadAnaM vyabhicAritve'pi sthAyitAbhidhAnArtham / kA0 pra0 4 / 34 (kha) nirvedasthAyibhAvo'sti zAnto'pi navamo rs| / vahI 4 / 35 2. mammaTastu vyabhicArikathanaprastAve nirvedasya zAntarasaM prati sthAyitAM, 'pratikUla vibhAvAdiparigrahaH' ityatra tu tameva prati vyabhicAritAM ca va vAraNAH svacanavirodhena pratihataH iti / - hi0 nA0 ba0 pRSTha 332 /
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________________ ( 72 ) manya grantha se preraNA prArata kara vizvanAtha ne bhI kAvyaprakAza ke samAna 'nirveda' ko donoM rUpoM meM svIkRta na kara inhIM ke anurUpa zama tathA nirveda donoM bhAvoM kI alaga-alaga svIkRti kI hai / " vastutaH svaccha pratipAdana ke lie zrAvazyaka bhI yahI thA / abhinaya aura naTa tathA prekSaka 'prabhinIyate iti zrabhinayaH' / abhinaya use kahate haiM jisake dvArA [zrabhISTa] prartha (viSaya) sAmAjikoM ke sammukha sAkSAt rUpa se prastuta kiyA jAtA hai - sAmAjikAnAmAbhimukhyena sAkSAtkAreNa nIyate prApyate'rtho'neneti abhinayaH / (6.) anukarttA (naTa ) apane anukaraNa dvArA anukAryaM ( rAmAdi) aura prekSaka ke bIca sambandha sthApita karatA hai usake anukaraNa ke bala para prekSaka use hI anukArya samajhane lagatA hai / kintu yaha saba kaise sambhava hotA hai kyoMki na to anukartA ne anukArya ko dekhA hotA hai, aura na prekSaka ne / ataH na to dhanukartA anukArya kA [ yathAvat] anukaraNa kara sakatA hai aura na prekSaka dhanukartA ke anukaraNa ko dekhate hue bhI ise [vAstavika] anukaraNa mAna sakatA hai / " isa zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM rAmacandra guraNacandra ke nimna kathana ullekhanIya hai : 1. abhinetA kavi-praNIta rAmAdi ke carita ko par3hakara pratyanta abhyAsa dvArA aisA anubhava karane lagatA hai ki usane manukArya ko svayaM dekha sA liyA hai aura punaH yaha adhyavasAna karane lagatA hai ki meM usI kA hI anukaraNa kara rahA hU~ / " 2. yahAM eka zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai ki kavi jana apane nATakoM meM rAma zAdi anukArya kI avasthA kA citraNa kaise kara pAte haiM jabaki unhoMne bhI to rAma ko nahIM dekhA hotA / isake uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki " trikAladarzI RSijanoM se unheM yaha jJAna milatA hai, jisake prAdhAra para ve apane nATakoM kA nirmANa karate haiM, tathA inake hI jJAna para pUrNa vizvAsa karane se prekSaka bhI naTa ko anakArya samajha letA hai / * 3. yadyapi naTa ko yaha jJAta nahIM hotA ki amuka avasara para kisa prakAra kA hAsya prathavA rodana anukArya ne kiyA hogA, kintu vaha vastutaH lokavyavahAra kA ( loka meM vibhinna bhavasaroM para haMsane aura rone vAle vyaktiyoM kA) anukaraNa kara rahA hotA hai / " 1. sAhityadarpaNa 3 / 142, 175, 245 2. rAmAderanukAryasya naTena prekSaka svayamadRSTatvAt / anukarttA hi manukAryamadRSTvA nAnukartuM malam / prekSako'pi cAdRSTAnukAryo nAnukartuM nukasa svamanumanyate / hi0 nA0 0 pRSTha 35.2 3. tavayaM naTo rAmAdezcaritaM kavinibaddha madhItya pratyantAbhyAmavazataH svayaM hRSTamanumanyamAno'nukaromi ityadhyavasyati / - vahI 4. iha tAvad itthamAkRtiritthaM gatiH XXX ityevamazeSamapi rAmAvilalitam RSINAM kAladazinA jJAnena nizcitaM kavayo nATake nibadhnanti / tatra cArthe munizAmavizvAsAt naTasya sAkSAt darzanemeva / - vahI, pRSTha 353 5. paramArthatastu lokavyavahAramevA'yamanuvartate / - vahI
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________________ 4. udhara prekSaka bhI yadyapi deza-kAla ke bheda ke kAraNa naTa ko rAmAdi samajhane meM asamartha hotA hai, to bhI naTa dvArA uccarita rAmAdi ke zabda-saMketoM ke zravaNa tathA atyanta manorama saMgIta prAdi ke vazIbhUta hokara usa naTa ko rAmAdi samajhane lagatA hai jo [vAcika prAdi] cAra prakAra ke abhinaya se AcchAdita ho cukA hotA hai-usakA apanA vAstavika rUpa rAmAdi ke rUpa ke nIce DhaMpa gayA hotA hai / aisI sthiti meM prekSaka rAmAdi kI sukha athavA duHkha rUpa. pravasthAnoM meM lIna ho jAtA hai|' 5. isake atirikta anukartA ko anukArya samajha lene kA kAraNa mrAnti bhI hai, jisake bala para prekSaka zrRMgAra Adi rasoM kA AsvAda prApta karatA hai : unmipanti ca bhrAnterapi zRMgArAdayaH / kyoMki isI bhrAnti ke hI kAraNa svapna meM bhI kAminI, vairI athavA caura Adi ko dekha kara svapna STA stambha mAdi anubhAvoM kA anubhava karate haiN| ukta kathanoM kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki koI prekSaka jaba taka anukartA ko kRtrima vyakti samajha rahA hotA hai taba taka use rasAsvAda prApta nahIM ho sakatA / kintu jaba vaha use anukArya samajhane lagatA hai tabhI use rasAsvAda kI prApti hotI hai| use anukArya samajha lene kA kAraNa hai usakA abhinaya-kauzala tathA anya raMgamaJcIya manohArI vyvsthaa| ina donoM ko nATyadarpaNa ke anusAra 'bhrAnti' athavA cakAcauMdha bhI kaha sakate haiN| udhara anukartA kA abhinaya-kauzala bhI isI adhyavasAna para prAdhArita hai ki vaha apane mApako anukArya hI samajha le bhaura yaha tabhI sambhava hai jaba eka mora to vaha kavi-nibaddha nATaka kA punaH punaH abhyAsa karatA hai aura dUsarI ora vaha lokika vyavahAra se vibhinna prakAra ke manobhAvoM kA pradarzana sIkhatA hai| zeSa rahA kavi kA prazna ki use anukAryoM kI vibhinna manodazAmoM kA jJAna kaise ho jAtA hai ? vaha ise jJAnacakSuSoM se dekhane vAle RSiyoM se prApta karatA hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra kA ukta vivecana adhikAMzata: mAnya hai| unakA antima kathana kiJcit zithila hai| isakA abhiprAya kevala yahI liyA jA sakatA hai ki kavijana kAvya-nATaka ke nirmANa ke samaya apanI kalpanA ke bala para jo vivaraNa prastuta karate haiM ve zAyada lagabhaga vaise hI hoMge jaise ki anukAryoM ke sAtha ghaTita hue hoNge| jise mAja kA pAlocaka kalpanA (imaijinezana) kahatA hai use rAma candra-guNacandra ke zabdoM meM 'RSiyoM kI zAnacakSu' kaha sakate haiN| svayaM vAlmIki bhI yadi rAma ke samaya meM rahe hoM to bhI ve unakI sarva prakAra kI manodazAoM se avagata nahIM hoNge| ataH unakI jJAnacakSu ko 'kalpanA' kA paryAya mAna sakate haiN| isI prakAra bhAsa, kAlidAsa mAdi nATakakAroM ne anya muniyoM ke samparka dvArA manukArya vyakti kI manodazAmoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA hogA-yaha mAnanA bhI na to vyavahAra-saMgata hai pora na buddhisaMgata / " hamAre vicAra meM anukArya kI sthiti ke pravaboSa ke lie sarvapramukha sAdhana hai paramparA1. prekSakopi rAmAvizamdasaMketamavaraNAda pratihasaMgItakAhitavaivazyAca svarUpadezakAlabhedenA. sapAbhUteSvapi abhineya catuSTayASEAvanAt tathAbhUtebjiya naTeSu rAmAdImadhyavasyati / prataeva tAsu tAsu suna:sapAsu rAmAyavasthAsu tnmyiibhvti| -vahI, pRSTha 352-353 2. unmipanniva bhrAnterapi gaaraamyH| kAminIvairi-caurAdIn praSisvapnamabhipazyataH puMsa: katham praparacA rasapraroharohiNastatra stamlAdayo'nubhAvAH prAdurbhaveyuriti |-vhii, pRSTha 353 1. nimameta pati.mAnanto (lakA) na rAmAvilusakuzeSu tanmayI bhveyuH| -vahI
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________________ ( hai ) gata jJAna athavA lokAnuzruti / isI ke hI bala para kavijana rAma ke paramparAgata mathavA lokAnuzruta rUpa kA citraNa karate cale Aye haiM / yadyapi apanI kalpanA ke AdhAra para ve ke caritra meM idharaudhara parivartana bhI kara dete haiM, tathApi una ke mUla rUpa meM, unakI mUla bhAvanA meM koI antara nahIM mAtA / vaha apane hI deza vizeSa athavA kAla-vizeSa ke vyakti ke rUpa meM hI citrita kiye jAte haiM, anya deza athavA kAla ke vyakti ke rUpa meM nahIM / isI prakAra naTa bhI yadyapi nATaka meM nirdiSTa nATaka: kAra (athavA nirdezaka ) ke 'svagata, prakaTa, sAMvega, sakopa, saharSa 'tArasvareNa' prAdi nirdezoM dvArA abhinaya - kauzala prApta karatA hai, kintu kisI vyakti-vizeSa ke abhinaya ke lie use nirdezana lokaparamparA dvArA hI milatA hai / virahI rAma, virahI yakSa aura virahI pururavA ke rahavilApa meM kyA antara hai yaha jJAna use athavA usake nirdezaka ko kevala loka-paramparA dvArA hI milatA hai / ThIka yahI sthiti kI bhI hai| sItA ke viyoga meM 'rAma' yadi raMgamaMca para sUrane lagatA hai to bhAratIya paramparA se prabhiza prekSaka kA 'karuNa rasa hAsya-vinoda meM parivartita ho jAtA hai, kintu isa papa se zi kisI videzI ke rasAsvAda meM koI antara nahIM AtA bisUranA bhI karuNa rasa kI abhivyakti kA kAraNa bana sakatA hai para sAmAnya anukArya ke anukaraNa-prasaMga meM na ki rAma jaise dhIrodAsa nAyaka ke prasaMga meN| isa rasabhaMga athavA rasAsvAda kA eka mAtra kAraNa hai loka-paramparAgata jJAna athavA lokAnuzruti / isI kasoTI para yadi koI naTa zAmanaya karatA hai to prekSaka use anukArya samajhakara rasAsvAda prApta karatA hai / 6 8. rasa kI sukhaduHkhAtkakatA. isa grantha kA sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa prasaMga vaha hai jisameM rasa ko sukhaduHkhAtmaka kahA gayA hai- sulyaH khAtmako rasaH / ( 37 ) isa kathana ko spaSTa karate hue granthakAroM kA abhimata hai ki jahA~ zRMgAra, hAsya, vIra, adbhuta prora zAnta ye pA~ca rasa sukhAtmaka, vahA~ karuNa, raudra, bIsa aura bhayAnaka ye jAra rasa duHkhAtmaka hai / ' prathama varga ke rasa to nirvivAda rUpa se sukhAtmaka hai hau, kintu dvitIya varga ke rasoM ko bhI yadi sukhAtmaka mAna liyA jAtA hai to isI para rAmacandracandra ko Apatti hai / isa sambandha meM unhoMne nimnokta cAra tarka upasthita kiye haiM : 1. unakA pahalA tarka yaha hai ki bhayAnaka prAdi rasa sahRdayoM ko kisI pravarNanIya klezadazA taka pahu~cA dete haiM / inase sAmAjika udvega prApta karate haiM / sukhAsvAda se bhI bhUlA kahIM koI udvigna hotA hai ?" sItA kA haraNa, dropadI ke vastroM tathA kezoM kaH karSaNa, harizcandra kI cAla ke yahA~ dAsatA, rohitAzva kI mRtyu mAdi ghaTanAoM ke abhinaya ko dekhakara kauna aikA hRdaya hai jo suvAsvAda ko prApta karatA ho ? 3 2. dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki kAvya-nATaka meM laukika AcAra-vyavahA kA citrArtha rUpa meM dI kiyA jAtA hai / kavijana sAMsArika sukhoM kA varNana sukha-rUpa meM karate hai ghora duHkhoM kA varNana duHkha-rUpa meN| virahI rAma-sItA mAdi manukAryoM kI karuNaM dazAe~ nissandeha duHkhAtmaka 1. hindI nATacadarpaNa pRSTa 260 // 2. bhayAmako bIbhatsaH kadalo raudro vA rasAsvAdavatAm samAsyeyAM kAmapi klezadazAsupa* nayati / ataeva bhayAnakA vibhivadvijate samAjaH / ma rAma suzAsvAra vego ghaTate / - vahI, pRSTha 291 / bar3I, 221-212 /
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________________ ( 2 ) hotI haiM, ata: yadi unake kAvya-nATaka gata anukaraNa ko sukhAtmaka mAnA jAe to vaha anukaraNa vAstavika na hogA, kyoMki vaha laukika vastusthiti se viparIta hI rhegaa|' 3. rasa ko sukhAtmaka mAnane vAloM kI ora se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaise loka meM virahI evaM zokAkula janoM ke sammukha kAruNika prasaMgoM kA varNana athavA abhinaya karane se unheM sukha-tAntvanA - milatI hai, isI prakAra kAvya-nATaka gata karuNa, bhayAnaka mAdi rasa bhI sukhAtmaka hI hai, duHkhAtmaka nahIM haiN| kintu rAmacandra-guNacandra kA kathana hai ki vastutaH aise prasaMgoM meM bhI duHkhI janoM ko jo sukhAsvAda milatA pratIta hotA hai| mUlataH vaha bhI duHkhAsvAda hI hai, kyoMki yadi vahI vyakti du:khapUrNa vArtAmoM se sukha-sA anubhava pratIta karatA hai, to pramodapUrNa vArtAoM se [itara janoM ke samAna] sukha kA anubhava na kara vikalita hI hotA hai / prataH vAdiyoM kA ukta sahAnubhUti-mUlaka takaM manastoSaka evaM mAnya nahIM hai| vastuta: karuNa prAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka hI haiN|' 4. yadyapi bhayAnaka, karuNa bhAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka hI hai, phira bhI yadi inase sahRdaya parama Ananda ko prApta karate haiM to kevala-mAtra kavi evaM naTa kI kuzalatA se camatkRta hokara hii|' isa kathana se granthakAroM kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kavi ke vyavasthita evaM mArmika nirUpaNa ko par3hakara athavA naTa ke sundara evaM hRdayahArI abhinaya ko dekhakara hameM jo AsvAda prApta hotA hai, usakI lolupatA hI sahRdaya ko bhayAnaka, karuNa Adi rasoM se yukta bhI kAvya-nATakoM se prAnanda prApta karAtI hai tathA unheM bAra bAra par3hane-dekhane kI aora pravRtta karAtI hai, anyathA ye rasa to duHkhA. tmaka hI hote haiN| eka udAharaNa dvArA apane kathana kI puSTi karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra loka meM vIra puruSa apane usa prANa-ghAtaka zatru ko bhI dekhakara Azcaryacakita se raha jAte haiM jo prahAra karane meM atyanta nipuNa hotA hai, usI prakAra prekSaka bhI athavA naTake kauzala dvArA camatkRta ho jAte haiN| ukta tarkoM meM se prathama tarka mana ke udvega ko lakSya meM rakha kara prastuta kiyA gayA hai aura dvitIya tarka laukika vyavahAra aura kAvya-racanA kI pArasparika anvati ko| tRtIya tarka laukika sahAnubhUti evaM sAntvanA se sambaddha hai aura caturya takaM kAvyatva evaM abhinaya-janya bAhya camatkAra se / yadi gambhIratApUrvaka vicAra kareM to ina cAroM tarko ke mUla meM eka hI bhrAnta dhAraNA sannihita hai ki laukika vyavahAra aura kavi-kRti meM koI antara nahIM hai, ye donoM eka hI gharAtala. para avasthita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki pahale tarka meM sahRdaya ko bhI bhayAnaka, karuNa mAdi rasoM 1. (ka) kavayastu sukhaduHkhAtmakasaMsArAnurUpyeNa rAmAvicaritaM nibadhnantaH sukhaduHkhAtmaka rasAnu viDameva pragnanti / (kha) tathAnukAryagatAzca karaNAvayaH parivevitAnukAryasthAt tAvad bukhAtmakA eva / yadi cA'nukaraNe sukhAtmanaH syuHna samyag hAnukaraNaM syAtU / viparItasbena bhAsanAd iti / -vahI, pRSTha 291-262 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 262 / 3. manenaiva ca sarvAGgAdvArakena kavinaTazaktijanmanA camatkAreNa vipralapAH paramAnanda rUpatA duHkhAtmakeSvapi karaNAviSu sumeSasA pratijAnate / -vahI, pRSTha 261 / / 4. vismayante hi ziracchevakAriNA'pi prahArakuzalena vairiNA shodhaarmaaninH| -vahI
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________________ (53 ) dvArA vaisA hI udvigna evaM vikalita samajha liyA gayA hai jaisA ki sAmAnya vyavahAra meM bhayamIta athavA kAgrasta vyakti ko / kintu vastutaH laukika rati, zoka bAdi bhAvoM meM tathA kAvyagata ina bhAvoM meM sadA antara rahatA hai| laukika bhAva eka deza, kAla evaM vyakti taka sImita rahate haiM aura kAvya-gata bhAva pratyeka prakAra kI sImA se nitAnta vimukta hote haiN| isI prakAra dUsare tarka meM ukta dhAraNA ke hI bala para laukika ghaTanAoM aura kAvya-gata ghaTanAnoM ko eka samAna samajha liyA gayA hai | kintu yaha eka amAnya mantavya hai / donoM meM bahuvidha tathA bahuhetuka antara rahatA hai| inameM se eka antara to yaha hai ki kAvya meM lokika ghaTanAoM ke avamAna kevala yathArtha kA citraNa na hokara yathArtha ke sAtha kalpanA-tattva kA samikSaNa bhI anivAryataH rahatA hai / zrastu ! ataH loka maura kAvya kI pArasparika anukUlatA ko zAdhAra mAnakara prakArya ke hI anurUpa sahRdaya ke sukhaduHkha kA nirNaya karanA mulata: bhramapUrNa hai / aba tIsare varka ko leN| udhara loka meM putra- vicchedavilA mAtA ke zoka meM, aura idhara aisI mAtA ko raMgamaMca para dekhakara athavA isake caritra ko par3hakara zokavihvala sahRdaya ke zoka meM antara hai| udhara sAntvanA se duHkha kA halkA honA, isa kA kucha kSaNoM ke ke lie lupta ho jAnA athavA isakA bar3ha jAnA Adi sabhI sthitiyAM sambhava haiM, kintu idhara zoka sthAyibhAva se udvigna athavA prAkula [ yadi isa sthiti ko yaha nAma deM to ] sahRdaya ke lie prathama to sAntvanA pradAna kA prazna hI upasthita nahIM hotA, kyoMki kAvya-nATakagata ghaTanAmoM se itara ghaTanAoM ke sAtha usakA koI sambandha hI nahIM / bhaura yadi usake sammukha aisI ghaTanAe~ lAyI bhI jAtI hai to usa samaya vaha sahRdaya na hokara sAMsArika vyakti mAtra raha jAtA hai| caturtha tarka meM satyatA bhavazya hai, para ekAMgI / kavi ke racanA - kauzala se aura vizeSataH naTa ke abhinaya kauzala janya camatkAra nissandeha sahRdaya ko prabhibhUta kara detA hai| isa kathana kI puSTi meM eka pratyudAharaNa lIjie ki kisa prakAra eka atyanta karaNotpAdaka evaM hRdayavidAraka dRzya bhI eka manAr3I naTa ke asaphala pradarzana dvArA karuraNa ke sthAna para hAsya kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai / astu ! kavi aura naTa kI kuzalatA se utpanna camatkAra se kisI bhI sthiti meM inakAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu yaha camatkAra pUrvavartI prabhAva kA uddIpaka kAraNa hotA hai, usakA utpAdaka kAraNa nahIM hotA / udAharaNArtha, zRMgAra rasa meM vaha sahRdaya ke rati bhAva ko uddIpta karatA hai aura karuNa rasa meM usake zoka bhAva ko / isake pratirikta ukta kauzala-janya camatkAra kavi athavA naTa kI / pratibhA ke prati prekSaka ke hRdaya meM prAzcaryabhAva bhI utpanna karatA hai / kintu jaisA ki rAmacandra-guNacandra kA mantavya hai ki isI prAzcaryabhAva ko karuNa rasa meM sukha prApti kA kAraNa nahIM mAnanA caahie| yaha prAzcaryabhAva laukika hotA hai / mataH isase laukika mAhlAda hI utpanna ho sakatA hai, kAvyagata rasa-sukhAtmaka rasa - utpanna nahIM ho sakatA / (2) soM ko sukhAtmaka bhaura duHkhAtmaka svIkAra karane vAle prathama mAcArya rAmacandra guNacandra nahIM hai| inase pUrva bhI kucha isa prakAra ke spaSTa kathana mila jAte haiN|" (ka) yena tvamyaSAyi sukhaduHkhajananazaktiyuktA viSayasAmagrI bAhyaMva sukhaduHkhasvabhAvo daH / [ prajJAta prAcArya] prabhinavabhAratI, bhA0 1 pRSTha 278 1. vizeSa vivaraNa kelie dekhie 'rasasiddhAnta: svarUpa-vizlevaraNa' (mAnamvaprakAza dIkSita) pRSTha 206-230..
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________________ (kha) rasasya sukhaduHkhAtmakatayA tadubhayalakSaraNaravena upapadyate, prataeva tadubhayajanakatvam / -rasakalikA (rudra bhaTTa) nambara prAfa rasa'z2a pRSTha 155 (ga) rasA hi sukhduHkhruupaaH| zRM0 pra0 2ga bhAga pRSTa 366 kintu ina kathanoM se yadyapi yaha spaSTa pratIta nahIM hotA ki ukta prAcArya sabhI rasoM ko sukhAtmaka aura du:khAtmaka svIkAra karate the athavA kucha ko sukhAtmaka aura kucha ko du.khAtmaka, kintu phira bhI sambhAvanA yahI hai ki ve bhI rAmacandra-guNacandra ke samAna zRMgAra, hAsya Adi ko. sukhAtmaka mAnate hoMge aura bhayAnaka, karuNa prAdi ko duHkhAtmaka / ina kathanoM ke atirikta prAcArya vAmana ne kisI prAcArya ke nAma para aisA kathana bhI uddhRta kiyA hai, jisase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki vaha svayaM athavA sambhavatA kucha anya prAcArya bhI karuNa rasa meM sukha aura duHkha donoM kA sammizraNa mAnate the: kavaraNaprekSaNIyeSu smplvHsukhduHkhyo| yathA'nubhavataH siddhastathaivoja:prasAdayoH // kA0 sU0 vR0 3 / 1 / 6 vRtti arthAt jisa prakAra karuNa rasa ke nATakoM meM sukha aura duHkha kA mizraNa sahRdayajanoM ke anubhava dvArA siddha hai, usI prakAra aoja pora prasAda kA mizraNa bhI unake anubhava dvArA siddha hai| sukha pahale hotA hai athavA duHkha pahale--isa mora isa zloka meM koI saMketa nahIM hai, kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unheM karuNa rasa meM duHkha kI sthiti pUrvamAnya hogI, aura sukha kI bAda meM / dUsare zabdoM meM, sahRdaya laukika duHkha kA anubhava karatA huA bhI antataH kAvyagata mAnanda kA pralaukika sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| kucha isa prakAra kI dhAraNA kI vyAkhyA madhusUdana sarasvatI ne sambhavataH sarvaprathama maulika rUpa se kI hai| unake kathana kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sabhI rasoM se nissandeha sukha kA anubhava hotA hai, parantu yaha anubhava saba rasoM meM tulya rUpa se nahIM hotaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki sattvaguNa kI pradhAnatA hI sukha kA hetu hai, kintu aisA kabhI nahIM hotA ki kisI rasa meM rajoguNa maura tamoguNa nitAnta abhibhUta ho jAeM aura sasvaguNa pUrNata: mAvirbhUta athavA udvikta ho jAe, apitu rajoguNa aura tamoguNa kisI na kisI aMza taka avazya vidyamAna rahate haiN| ye kisa rasa meM kitanI mAtrA meM vidyamAna rahate haiM, yadyapi isakA nirNaya kara sakanA kaThina hai tathApi ve rahate avazya hai| ata: unake mizraNa ke tAratamya ke anusAra saba rasoM meM sukha ke sAtha duHkha kA mizraNa bhI samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra hamAre sammukha nimnokta-cAra vikalpa upasthita hote hai(ka) sabhI rasa sukhAtmaka hai, (kha) sabhI rasa sukhaduHkhAtmaka haiM, . (ga) zrRGgAra, hAsya prAdi rasa sukhAtmaka haiM mora bhayAnaka, karuNa mAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka haiM, (gha) zRMgAra mAdi rasa to sukhAtmaka haiM kintu bhayAnaka prAdi rasa sukhaduHkhAtmaka hai| 1. sasvaguNasya sukharUpatvAt sarveSAM bhAvanA sulamayatve'pi rakhastamozamizraNAta tAratamya bhavagantavyam / prato na sarveSu raseSu tulyasukhAnubhavaH / -ma0 bhAU ra0 pRSTha 156
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________________ ina vikalpoM meM se rAmacandra-guNacandra yadyapi spaSTata: tIsare vikalpa ko svIkAra karate hue bhayAnaka prAdi ko duHkhAtmaka svIkAra karate haiM, tathApi ve inheM antata: sukhAtmaka bhI svIkAra karate hoNge| kucha isa prakAra kA saMketa unhoMne svayaM bhI diyA hai-pAnakamASaryamiva ca toraNAsvAdena duHkhAsvAdena sutarAM sukhAni svavante iti / (hi. nA0 da0 pRSTha 261) arthAta "jisa prakAra pAnaka (khaTTe-mIThe-tIkhe peya) kI miThAsa duHkhasvAdajanaka tIkSNa padArtha ke mizraNa se aura bhI adhika sukhAsvAda pradAna karatI hai, usI prakAra karuNa Adi rasoM meM bhI du:kha kA mizraNa sukhAsvAda pradAna karatA hai|" vastutaH dekhA jAe to pAnaka padArtha aura karuNa rasa meM sthApita yaha upameya. upamAna sambandha yathAvata evaM sughaTita pratIta nahIM hotA, kyoMki pAnaka meM mAdhuyaM bhora tIkSNatA ke mizraNa meM bhale hI pUrvApara-sambandha ho, kintu usake mAsvAda meM pUrvAparasambandha nahIM rahatA, kintu karuNa rasa ke zoka (laukika duHkha) aura isa rasa ke prAsvAda (sukha) meM nissandeha pUrvApara-sambandha banA rahatA hai, yadyapi yaha alaga bAta hai ki inameM kAla kA antara itanA tvarita evaM kSipra hotA hai ki yaha kahate nahIM banatA ki isa duHkha maura sukha meM koI kAla-sambandhI antara hai bhii| astu ! jo ho, rAmacandra-guNacandra kA yaha uddharaNa yaha mAnane ke lie paryApta hai ki vaha ukta vikalpoM meM se tIsare vikalpa ko svIkAra na kara cauthe vikalpa ko svIkAra karate hoMge ki bhayAnaka, karuNa Adi kevala duHkhAtmaka na hokara sukhaduHkhAtmaka haiM / athavA yoM kahiye ki duHkhasukhAtmaka hai / pUrvasthiti meM yaha dukhAtmaka haiM paura antima sthiti meM sukhAtmaka / yadi yahI unakI mAnyatA hai to isakI vyAkhyA upasthita kI jA sakatI hai / yadi ve bhayAnaka, karuNa prAdi ko nitAnta duHkhAtmaka svIkAra karate haiM to unakI yaha dhAraNA kAvyazAstra aura manovijJAna ke to pratikUla haiM hI, vyavahAra ke bhI sarvathA pratikUla hone ke kAraNa sarvathA amAnya hai / isa dRSTi se vizvanAtha kA kevala eka yahI taka ise amAnya ThaharAne ke lie paryApta hai ki karuNa prAdi rasa isIlie sukhAtmaka hai ki sahRdaya jana ise dekhane ke lie sadA unmukha arthAt lAlAyita rahate haiM karaNAdAvapi rase bAyate yatparaM sukham / sacetasAmanubhavaH pramANaM tatra kevalam / kiMca teSu yadA duHkhaM na ko'pi syaasnmukhH|| sA060 314,5 rAmacandra-guNacandra kA koI pAThaka unake sampUrNa grantha ke avalokana ke uparAnta yaha mAnane ko kadApi udyata na hogA ki una jaise tattvavetA aura cintaka mAcArya karaNa mAdi ko kevala duHkhAtmaka hI mAnate hoNge| vaha ise duHlAtmaka mAnate avazya hoMge kintu pUrvasthiti meM, paura mantataH ve inheM sukhAtmaka hI mAnate hoNge| isa mAnyatA kI byArayA kaI rUpoM meM tathA kaI dRSTiyoM se kI jA sakatI hai| ...... zrRMgAra, karuNa prAdi sabhI prakAra ke rasoM meM rati, zoka mAdi sabhI sthApibhAva aba taka vibhAvAdi ke saMyoga dvArA rasarUpa meM pariNata apanA abhivyakta nahIM hote, taba taka unase laukika sukha athavA duHlA kA hI anubhava hotA hai| uvAharaNArtha, yadi kisI prekSaka ko paMgAra rasa ke nATaka meM apanI preyasI kI apavA karaNa rasa ke nATaka meM apane mRta puSa kI smRti
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________________ ( 86 ) ho pAtI hai to usakA rati athavA zoka bhAva use laukika sukha athavA duHkha kI anubhUti karAyegA / vaha prekSaka nATayagRha meM baiThA humA bhI tatkSaNa ke lie sahRdaya na hokara sAMsArika vyakti hI hotA hai| kintu jisa kSaNa vahI vyakti nijatva kI bhAvanA se Upara uTha jAtA hai, vahI kSaNa rasadazA kA hai-ratijanya sAMsArika sukha athavA zokajanya sAMsArika duHkha isa rasa-dazA kI pUrvasthiti bana jAte haiM aura rasa-dazA pantima sthiti bana jAtI hai| 2." kAvyazAstrIya AdhAra para laukika kAraNa, kArya evaM sahakArikAraNa kAvya meM isIlie kramazaH vibhAva, anubhAva aura saMcAribhAva kahAte haiM ki ve aba laukika kSetra se Upara uThakara alaukikatA ke kSetra meM jA pahu~cate hai| jaba taka bhaya, zoka prAdi bhAva laukika kAraNa mAdi se sampRkta hai. (cAhe vaha ghaTanA-sthala nATayagRha bhI kyoM na ho), taba taka ve nissandeha duHkhAtmaka hai, kintu vibhAva mAdi se sampRkta hone ke kAraNa ve sukhAtmaka bhayAnaka, karuNa prAdi rasoM ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAte hai| 3. bhayAnaka, karuNa prAdi ko apanI pariNati meM sukhAtmaka svIkAra karane ke lie kAvyAcAryoM kA 'sAdhAraNIkaraNa' nAmaka siddhAnta eka pravala sAdhana hai, jisake bala para sahRdaya asAdhAraNa (vizeSa) se sAdhAraNa (sAmAnya) bhAvabhUmi para utara pAtA hai / ' usakA bhaya athavA zoka kisI deza athavA kAla-vizeSa se mukta ho jAtA hai| vaha apane samasta moha, saMkaTa mAdi (se anya prajJAna) se nivRtta ho jAtA hai| pariNAmataH kAvya-nATakagata koI pAtra bhaba usake lie apanA viziSTa vyaktitva khokara mAnava-mAtra bana jAtA hai-rAma nAmaka puruSa pAtra puruSamAtra, bana jAtA hai aura sItA nAmaka strI-pAtra strImAtra bana jAtA hai, aura isakA pragalA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki sahRdaya nijatva aura paratva donoM prakAra ke vizvAsoM se vinimukta ho jAtA hai| prataH isa prakAra kI paristhiti meM sahRdaya ke lie na to zRMgAra prAdi rasoM dvArA laukika sukhAnubhUti svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai, aura na bhayAnaka prAdi rasoM dvArA laukika du:khAnubhUti - yaha avasthA donoM prakAra ke rasoM meM alokika sukhAtmikA hI hotI hai| isa prakAra anta meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki 1. pratyeka sthAyibhAva aparipakva avasthA meM laukika sukha athavA duHkha kA kAraNa banatA hai, kintu paripakva avasthA meM kevala alaukika sukha kA hii| 2. bhayAnaka, karuNa prAdi rasoM meM nissandeha prekSaka bhaya, zoka prAdi se janya duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai-kintu vaha laukika duHkha hI hotA hai-ThIka usI prakAra jaise vaha zRMgAra, hAsya mAdi rasoM meM rati, hAsa mAdi se anya laukika sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| kintu yaha laukika sukha athavA duHkha rasa-dazA kI pUrvavartI bhavasthA hai aura rasa-dazA usakI paravartI avasthA hai| 1. (ka) asAdhAraNasya sAdhAraNakaraNam iti sAdhAraNIkaraNam / 2. xxxbhayameva paraM deshaalaabnaaligitm| -hindI abhinavabhAratI pRSTha 470 3. kAvyexxnATace cexxniviDanijamohasaMkaTatAnivAraNakAriNA vibhaavaadi-saadhaarnniikrnnaatmnaaxxx| -vahI, pRSTha 464.465 4. tatra sItAvizadAH parityaktAnakatanayAvivizeSA strImAnavAcinaH / -zarUpaka 4/40 vRtti
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________________ 3. kintu yaha sadA prAvazyaka nahIM ki pratyeka mahatva ko isa prakAra ke laukika sukha athavA du:kha kI anubhUti ho hI, kinhIM sahRdayoM ko nahIM bhI hotI, yadyapi aise sahayoM kI saMkhyA bahuta alpa hotI hai, kintu donoM prakAra ke rasoM se unheM alokika sukhAnubhUti avazya prApta hotI hai| 4. prataH bhayAnaka Adi rasoM ko nitya rUpa se duHkSAtmaka nahIM mAna sakate, paura adhikAMzataH aisA mAna lene para bhI vaha duHkha laukika hI hotA hai, kintu yaha duHsa paravartI alaukika sukhAnubhUti kI prApti ke lie kisI bhI rUpa meM na to anivArya sAdhana hai aura na hI sahAyaka sAdhana / hAM, vaha atyanta bhAvuka sahRdayoM kI pralaukika sukhAnubhUti ke lie uddIpaka kAraNa avazya siddha ho sakatA hai| 5. niSkarSata: bhayAnaka, karuNa mAdi rasa duHsAtmaka nahIM hai, ve ve bhI zrRMgAra mAdi ke samAna sukhAtmaka hI haiM /
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________________ (kha) nATayazAstrIya granthoM meM nATayadarpaNa kA sthAna nATapazAstra-sambandhI upalabdha evaM anuparampa sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa karane se hameM pramukha nATapAcAryoM kI sAta koTiyAM milatI hai: ( sarasake pUrvavatI mAcArya jinakI racanAoM ko marata ne apane nATayazAstra meM sarvathA bhAtmasAta kara liyA hai / hama bhAcAryoM kI racanAeM abhI taka aprAdhya haiN| (2) prAcArya bharata jinakA nATayazAstra zatAbdiyoM taka prAyaH sabhI prAcAryoM kI racanAmoM kA mUlAdhAra banA rahA / (3) marata ke bhanuvartI prAcArya jinakI racanAe~ bharata ke nATayazAstra para mAdhata haiN| inhoMne kArikAeM evaM vRttiyAM likhakara bharata ke mata kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyaa| isa varga ke pramukha mAcArya -prabhinavagupta', dhanajaya', sAgaranandI', rAmacandra-guNacandra', zAradAtanaya, ziGgabhUpAla, pagosvAmI, sundaramitra aura nndikeshvr| (4) ve prAcArya jinakI sampUrNa racanAeM to anupalabdha hai, kintu anya prAcAryoM ne apanI racanAmoM meM jinakA ullekha karate hue kahIM kahIM unake uddharaNa diye haiM / udAharaNArtha abhinavagupta ne apane prathama adhyAya meM nAndI kA vivecana karate hue 'kohalapradarzitA nAndI' mila kara yaha siddha kiyA hai ki unheM kohala kI koI na koI racanA upalabdha thI jo aba maprApya hai ! ve eka sthAna para bharata se kohala kA matabhinya dikhAte hue ve likhate haiM : "anena tu lokena kohalamatena ekAvazAGgatvamucyate / na tu bhrte|" . [pabhinavabhAratI, adhyAya 6 kArikA 10 kI vRtti] mabhinavagupta ne patilApArya ke zlokoM ko bhI caudaha bAra uddhRta kiyA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki dattila nAmaka bhAcArya kI bhI koI na koI racanA abhinavagupta ko prApta dhau / sAgaranandI ke 'nATakalamaNaratnakoSa' meM prazmakuTTa mora bAdarAyaNa kI racanAmoM ke kaI uddharaNa prApta hote hai / isI anya meM zAtakarNI nAmaka prAcArya ke kaI uddharaNa pAye jAte haiM / abhinavagupta - -- 1. racanA-abhinavabhAratI -samaya basavIM zatAmbI kA anta / -samaya 974 se 64 ii.| nATakamakSaraNaratnakoza-samaya 11 zataka kA puurvaa| nATaparpaNa --samaya 12 zataka kA madhyabhAga / bhAvaprakAzana -samaya 12 paura 13 zataka ke madhya / nATakaparibhASA . -samaya 14 zataka / nATakacamikA -samaya 15 zataka / nATayapradIpa -samaya 1613ii| , aminayararpaNa -samaya 2-3 zatI I0 (sambhavataH)
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________________ ( 8e ) ne baru nAmaka prAcArya kI racanA kA ubaraNa dekara eka sthAna para likhA hai-'tumbsledmuhm|' abhinayabhAratI ke caudahaveM adhyAya meM kAtyAyana kA mata kaI zlokoM meM usRta kiyA gayA hai / kAtyAyana ne vIroM ke bhujadaMDa ke varNana meM nagdharA banda aura nAyikA-varNana maiM vasantatilakA kA prayoga vihita mAnA hai| isIprakAra isI grantha ke coye adhyAya meM rAhula nAmaka prAcArya kA mata dete hue abhinavagupta likhate hai-'yathokta rAhulena,' tathA 'te ca yathAha rAhulA' vizvanAtha ne apane grantha sAhityadarpaNa meM nakhakuTTa kI racanAmoM ke uddharaNa diye hai| isa prakAra isa koTi ke pramukha nATyAcArya hue-mAtagupta, dattila, azmakuTTa, bAdarAyaNa, zAtakI, tumburu, kAtyAyana, rAhula, nakhakuTTa maadi| . . (5) pAMcavIM koTi meM ve prAcArya prAte haiM jinakA ekamAtra nAmollekha pAyA jAtA hai, kintu jinakI na to koI racanA upalabdha hai, na kisI zloka kA usaraNa hI kahIM pAyA jAtA hai| aise prAcAryoM meM bharata ke pUrvavartI hai-zilAlina, kRzAzva, pUrtila, zANDilya, vAtsya jinakA ullekha bharata ke nATayazAstra meM pAyA jAtA hai| mabhinavabhAratI, dazarUpaka paura bhAvaprakAzana meM sadAziva, padmabhU, drohiriNa, vyAsa, pAJjaneya nAmaka prAcAryoM kA nATayakAra ke rUpa meM varNana milatA hai, parantu unakI kisI racanA kA usaraNa nahIM pAyA jAtA / zAradAtanaya ne apane graMtha bhAvaprakAzana meM subandhu kA ullekha kiyA hai| yadi yaha subandhu vAsavadattA ke racayitA bhI hai, to inakA samaya pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM mAnanA hogA, kintu nATayasambandhI inakI koI bhI racanA prApya nahIM hai| (6) chaThI koTi meM ve prAcArya mAte hai jinhoMne nATaka ke sambandha meM koI svataMtra racanA , na karake kevala bharata nATayazAstra kA bhASya prastuta kiyA hai / aise bhASyakAroM meM prAcArya mabhinavagupta, kIrtighara, nAnyadeva, bhaTTa udbhaTa, zrIzaMkuka, bhaTTayaMtra prasiddha hai| (7) sAtavIM koTi meM ve prAcArya haiM, jinhoMne kAvyazAstra ke sabhI aMgoM ko grahaNa karake usake kucha pradhyAyoM meM nATaya-zAstra kA vivecana kiyA hai| aise prAcAryoM meM ziGgabhUpAla, rUpagosvAmI, bhojarAja, vidyAnAtha aura vizvanAtha prasiddha hai / ziGgabhUpAla ne apane grantha 'rasArNavasudhAkara' meM eka ora to 'nATaka-paribhASA' kI racanA kevala nATya-viSayoM ko lekara kI, mora dUsarI ora isa grantha ke aMtima bhAga meM kAvya ke anya viSayoM ke sAtha nATayazAstra para bhI prakAza DAlA / isI prakAra bhojarAja ne 'zRMgAraprakAza' ke bArahaveM prakAza meM nATaka kA varNana kiyA paura zeSa meM sAhityazAstra ke samI aMgoM kA / unhoMne apane 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' ke pAMcaveM pariccheda meM to nATaka kA vivecana kiyA aura zeSa adhyAyoM meM kAvyazAstra ke anya aMgoM kA / vidyAnAtha ne 'pratAparudrayazobhUSaNa' nAmaka grantha ke kevala tIsare prakaraNa meM nATaka kA vivecana kiyA paura vizvanAtha ne sAhityarpaNa ke chaThe pariccheda meM nATaya-sambandhI lakSaNoM para prakAza ddaalaa| ina prAcAryoM ne bharata-nATayazAstra evaM dazarUpaka ko apanI racanAmoM kA bhAdhAra bnaayaa| ukta prAcAryoM meM se adhikAMza ne apane ko bharata ke nATyazAstra kA RgI mAnA hai, kintu nATayadarpaNa ke racayitA rAmacandra-guraNacandra bar3e garva ke sAtha apanI racanA ko sarvathA maulika mAnate haiM, aura bharata-nATyazAstra para prAnta dazarUpaka ke matoM kA sthAna sthAna para khaNDana karate hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra ke pUrva dhanaJjaya aura unake anuja panika kI dazarUpaka para avaloka-vRtti kA itanA pracAra ho gayA thA ki sarvatra ukta graMtha hI samApta ho rahA thaa| dhanaJjaya ke uparAnta
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________________ tIna zatAbdiyAM bIta cukI thIM, bhora isa kAla meM aise aneka nATaka viracita ho cuke the, jinheM dekha kara rAmacandra-guNacandra ko dazarUpaka ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa aparyApta pratIta hone lage, aura unheM nATayazAstra para eka svatantra maulika granya likhane kI.mAvazyakatA jAna pdd'ii| racanA kI preraNA rAmacandraguNacandra ke pUrva nATyazAstra-sambandhI tIna grantha pati prasiddha the| 1. bharatakRta 'nATyazAstra' 2. dhanaJjaya-kRta 'dazarUpaka' 3. sAgaranandI-kRta 'naattklkssnnrtnkoss'| nATaghadarpaNa meM sthAna sthAna para uparyukta tInoM granthoM se matabheda milatA hai / rAmacandra svayaM eka saphala nATayakAra the| unhoMne eka darjana se adhika nATakoM kI racanA kii| apane grantha nATyadarpaNa meM pAribhASika zabdoM kA lakSaNa dete hue udAharaNa ke lie unhoMne apane nATakoM se uddharaNa diye / isase yaha mAbhAsa milatA hai ki ve pUrvavartI prAcAryoM ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNoM se prasantuSTa hokara navIna granyoM kI racanA Avazyaka samajhate the| ve svayaM likhate haiM ki kAlidAsa Adi mahAn kaviyoM ke banAe hue aneka rUpakoM ko dekha kara aura svayaM bhI aneka rUpakoM kA nirNaya karake hama donoM nATya-lakSaNa kI vivecanA prArambha karate haiM / (nA0 da. 12) prAcArya vizvezvara ne apanI bhUmikA meM isa grantha kI preraNA ke sambandha meM apanA mata dete hue likhA hai "isakI pRSThabhUmi meM rAjanIti kI pratispardhA kI preraNA rahI ho to bhI kucha mAzcarya nahIM hai / dazarUpakakAra dhanaJjaya mAlavanareza muMja ke sabhApaNDita the| rAmacandra-guNacandra gurjarezvara ke paNDita the / gujarAta pora mAlavA rAjyoM kA sadA saMgharSa rahatA thaa| isameM dIrghakAla taka yuddha bhI calate rahe the| isalie gaurava-prApti ke hara kSetra meM donoM rAjyoM kI pratispardhA calatI rahatI thii| isI pratispardhA ke kAraNa mAlavAdhIza ke prAzraya meM nirmita dazarUpaka kI pratispardhA meM isa nATayadarpaNa kI racanA huI ho, yaha sarvathA saMbhAvita hai"| dazarUpaka aura nATakalakSaNaratnakoSa se nATyadarpaNa kI tulanA karate hue yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki rAmacandra ko pUrvavartI mAvAryoM ke nATyasambandhI lakSaNoM se kaI sthaloM para itanA asantoSa thA ki unheM apane mata ko spaSTa karane kelie eka naye grantha kI racanA karanI Avazyaka pratIta huI / dazarUpaka aura nATyadarpaNa kI tulanA karate hue 21 sthaloM para matabheda milatA hai, jisakA vistRta vivecana bhUmikA ke pRSTha 21 se 25 taka dekhA jA sakatA hai / sAgaranandI ke mata se bhI ye granthakAra kaI sthaloM para matabheda rakhate haiM, isakA vistRta vivecana bhI pRSTha 25 para dekhA jA sakatA hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra ko maulikatA rAmacandra-guNacandra nirbhIka zAstra praNetA the| unhoMne na kevala dhanaJjaya aura sAgananandI ke hI matoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai. apiTa bharatamuni ke mata kA bhI khaMDana karane meM unheM saMkoca nahIM huA / nidarzana evaM pramANa ke lie nimna prasaMga draSTavya haiM / tRtIya viveka meM prarocanA ke sambandha meM unakA mata dekhA jA sakatA hai / isake lie bhUmikA kA pRSTha 20 draSTavya hai / vRttiyoM kA nirUpaNa bhI bharatamuni ke mata se bhinna jAna par3atA hai|
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________________ ( 1 ) rAmacandra ne bharatamuni ke 'bhAratI vRtti vivecana' meM 'vadatovyAghAta doSa' dikhA kara bharatamuni ke mata kI AlocanA kI hai| bharatamuni ne jahA~ rUpaka ke daza bheda kiye haiM, vahA~ 'nATayadarpaNakAra' ne isake bAraha bheda karake maMgalAcaraNa meM hI jinavANI ke prAcArAdi se lekara dRSTivAda paryanta bAraha aMgoM ke anusAra rUpaka ke bAraha bhedoM kA saMketa kara diyA hai| bharatamuni ke dazarUpakoM se do bheda nATikA maura prakaraNI adhika mAna kara inhoMne nayI paddhati se bAraha rUpakabhedoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA hai| unhoMne nATaka, prakaraNa, nATikA, bhaura prakaraNI meM kaizikI, sAttvatI, cArabhaTI prora bhAratI vRttiyA~ mAnI haiM, kiMtu vyAyoga, samavakAra, bhANa, prahasana, Dima, utsRSTikAGka IhAmRga evaM vIthI meM kaizikI rahita kevala tIna vRttiyoM / isaprakAra vRttiyoM ke AdhAra para nATakoM kA vargIkaraNa rAmacandra guraNacandra kI apanI maulika sUjha hai / nATyadarpaNa meM rasa - vivecana bhI pUrvAcAryoM se kahIM kahIM bhinna pratIta hotA hai / rAmacandraguNacandra apane pUrvavartI prAcArya mammaTa ke mata kA khaMDana karate hue kahIM bhI saMkoca nahIM karate / mammaTa 'adhika vistAra' ko rasadoSa meM parigaNita karate haiM, kintu nATyadarpaNakAra ise rasadoSa na mAna kara vRttadoSa mAnate haiN| unakA kathana hai ki rasa kI dRSTi yaha doSa na hokara guNa hai / " pratipakSI kA atyaMta utkarSa dikhalAkara nAyaka dvArA usakA badha karAne meM to nAyaka kA utkarSa bar3hatA hI hai, isalie yaha doSa nahIM apitu guNa hai|" isakA vistArapUrvaka varNana nATyadarpaNa ke pRSTa 155 para dekhA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra ina bhAcAryoM ne abhinavagupta ke matoM kA bhI rasa kI dRSTi meM khaMDana kiyA hai| isake lie bhUmikA (pRSTha 28 se 31) taka draSTavya hai / 1 nAsyadarpaNakAra kA rasa- vivecana sarvathA mAnya bhale hI na ho, para vaha maulika avazya hai / unhoMne rasa ko sukhaduHkhAtmaka donoM mAnA hai, unake mata se zRGgAra, hAsya, vIra, adbhuta aura zAMta to sukhAtmaka rasa haiM, kintu karuNa, raudra, bIbhatsa aura bhayAnaka rasa dukhAtmaka hI haiM / tRtIya vivecana meM katipaya AcAryoM ke sabhI rasoM ko sukhAtmakatA kA khaMDana karate hue rAmacandrapuraNacandra kArikA kI vRtti meM kahate haiM : [kucha AcAryoM ke dvArA] jo saba rasoM ko sukhAtmaka batalAyA jAtA hai, vaha pratIti ke viparIta [ hone se sAmAnya prasaMgata ] hai / mukhya [ prarthAt vAstavika ) vibhAvoM se utpanna karuNa prAdi kI duHkhAtmakatA kI to bAta hI jAne do, kAvya ke abhinaya meM prApta [ banAvaTI ] vibhAva prAdi se utpanna huA bhI bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa, karuNa, athavA raudra rasa AsvAdana karane vAloM ko kucha avarNanIya-sI kleza dazA ko utpanna kara detA hai / isIlie bhayAnaka prAdi [ dRzyoM] se sAmAjikoM ko ghabarAhaTa hotI hai [yadi saba rasa sukhAtmaka hoM to ] sukhAsvAdase to kisI ko udvega nahIM hotA [isalie karuNAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka hI hote haiM ] / " 1. sthAyIbhAvaH zritotkarSo vibhAvavyabhicAribhiH / spaSTAnubhAvanizreyaH sukhaduHkhAtmako rasaH // 2. yat punaH sarvarasAnAM sukhaduHkhAtmakatvamucyate tat pratotibAdhitam / prAstAM nAma mukhyavibhAvopacitAH, kAvyAbhinayopanItavibhAvopacito'pi bhayAnako bIbhatsakaruNau raudro vA rasAsvAdavatAmanAkhyeyA~ kAmapi klezavazAmupanayati / zrataeva bhayAnakAdibhirudvijate samAjaH / na nAma sukhAsvAdobudvego ghaTate / hi0 0 nA0 da0 pRSTha 260-261
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________________ (12) sabhI rasoM ko sukhAtmaka.mAnane vAle mAcAryoM ke takoM kA khaMDana karate hue nATyavarpaNakAra kahate hai ki kavi evaM abhinetA ke kauzala ke dvArA karuNa mAdi rasoM meM bhI buddhimAna vyakti ko paramAnanda kI anubhUti hotI hai, yaha dhAraNAmAtra hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra kI yukti yaha hai ki kavigaNa to sukha-duHkhAtmaka saMsAra ke anurUpa hI rAmAdi ke caritra kI racanA karate samaya sukhaduHsAtmaka rasoM se yukta hI (kAvyanATaka mAdi kI) racanA karate haiN| jaba kavi ko svataH duHsAtmaka rasa kI anubhUti hotI hai to rohitAzva ke maraNa, lakSmaNa ke zakti-bhedana prAdi ko dekhakara sAmAjika ko sukha kA mAsvAda kaise ho sakatA hai ? [isalie karuNAdi rasoM ko sukhAtmaka mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| unakA dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki manukAyaMgata karuNAdi vilApAdi yukta hone ke kAraNa nizcita rUpa se duHkhAtmaka hI hote haiN| yadi unako anukaraNa meM sukhAtmaka mAnA jAya to vaha samyak anukaraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai / tIsarA tarka hai ki iSTajana ke vinAza se du:khiyoM ke sAmane karuNAdi kA varNana kiye jAne prathavA abhinaya kiye jAne para jo sukhAsvAda hotA hai vaha bhI vAstava meM duHkhAtmaka hI hotA hai| . nATyadarpaNakAra karuNa ko duHkhAtmaka aura vipralambha zRGgAra ko sukhAtmaka svIkAra karate hue kAraNa batAte haiM ki-vipralambha bhRGgArastu vAhAdikAryatvAd du.kharUpo'pi sambhogasambhAvanAgarbhasvAt sukhAtmakaH / arthAt vipralambha zRMgAra to iSTajana ke dAhAdi dvArA vinAza kI pratIti se janya hone ke kAraNa duHkha rUpa hone para bhI usameM sambhoga (punarmilana) kI sambhAvanA banI rahane se sukhAtmaka nATyadarpaNakAra kA rasasiddhAnta anya prAcAryoM ke siddhAnta se bhinna hai| ve kAvya mora nATaka meM sAmAnya-viSayaka aura vizeSa-viSayaka vividha rasoM kI sthiti mAnate haiM ! jahA~ anya prAcArya loka meM hone vAlI strI puruSa kI paraspara rati ko rasa nahIM mAnate, vahA~ nATayadarpaNakAra laukika strI puruSa Adi ko bhI vibhAvAdi zabdoM se aura unakI rati prAdi ko bhI 'rasa' zabda se nirdiSTa karate haiN| ___granthakAra ke maMta se rasAnubhUti ke pAMca prAdhAra hote haiM (1) laukika rUpa meM sthita puruSa (2) naTa (3) kAvya nATaka ke zrotA (4) kAvyanATaka ke manusandhAtA arthAt kavi evaM nATayakAra (5) sAmAjika / anukArya, anukartA, zrotA evaM anusandhAtA ko to pratyakSa rUpa meM rasAnubhUti hotI hai kintu sAmAjika ko parokSa rUpa meM / rAmacandra-guNacandra ke mata se prekSaka mAdi meM rahane vAlA rasa lokottara hai aura zeSa laukika / rasabheda saMbaMdhI graMthakAra kA mata anya prAcAryoM ke mata se bhinna hai| yadyapi rAmacandraguNacandra rasa ke mUlataH nau bheda mAnate haiM, kintu inake atirikta tRSNA ko sthAyI bhAva mAna kara lolyarasa, ArdratA ko sthAyibhAva mAnakara sneha rasa, prAsakti ko sthAyI bhAva mAna kara vyasanarasa, parati ko sthAyIbhAva mAna kara duHkha rasa, aura saMtoSa ko sthAyI bhAva mAna kara sukha rasa kI bhI anubhUti ve svIkAra karate haiN|
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________________ isa prakAra graMthakAra ne svatantra DhaMga se rasavivecana kA bhI prayAsa kiyA hai| isa prayAsa meM saphalatA kI kasoTI eka mAtra yahI hai ki mAgAmI bhAcAryoM ne unake mata ko kahIM mAnya nahIM mAnA, aura vizvanAtha mAdi ne unake matoM kI sarvadA avahelanA hI kii| nATyadarpaNakAra kI eka bar3I vizeSatA yaha dikhAI par3atI hai ki ve apanI kArikA ke gUr3ha sthaloM kI vyAkhyA svaracita vRtti meM itane vistAra ke sAtha kara dete haiM ki ve gUr3ha sthala spaSTa ho jAte haiN| kahIM kahIM to anya bhAcAryoM ke kaI zlokoM meM variNata lakSaNoM ko ve eka hI zloka meM samAviSTa kara lete haiM / jahA~ bharata muni ne aThArahaveM adhyAya ke 10,11,12veM zlokoM meM nATaka kA lakSaNa kiyA hai vahA~ rAmacandra ne kevala eka zloka meM nATaka kI paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai "una rUpaka bhedoM meM se dharma, artha mora kAmarUpa triviSa phaloM vAlA, aMka, upAya, dazA, saMdhi se yukta, devatA mAdi jisameM sahAyaka hoM, isa prakAra kA pUrvakAla ke prasiddha rAjAmoM kA caritrapradarzita karane vAlA abhineya kAvya nATaka kahalAtA hai: khyAtAkharAjacaritaM dhrmkaamaastknm| sAGkopAyAvazA-saMdhi-divyAGgatA nATakam // 1 / 5 / / rAmacandraguNacandra ne abhinavagupta ke nATaka zabda kI vyutpatti kI mAlocanA kI hai| abhinavagupta ne 'paT nRtI' ke sthAna para 'Natanato' pATha mAna kara nati arthAt namanAka nad dhAtu se nATaka kI siddhi mAnI hai, jo unake vicAra se 'mitA hrasvaH 64162 (paSThA0) sUtra se Nic pare rahate upadhA ko hrasva karane ke vidhAna se 'naTaka' zabda 'ghaTaka' ke samAna banatA hai / kintu rAmacandra kI yaha aApatti upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki abhinavagupta ne nanAyaka dhAtu se bhI nATaka zabda kI siddhi kI hai| (vizeSa vivecana ke lie nATyadarpaNa kI prastuta hindI vyAkhyA pR0 23 dekhie|) isa sambandha meM vivecana karate hue prAcArya vizvezvara ne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki abhinavagupta ne kevala namanArthaka dhAtu se hI nahIM, apitu nartanArthaka pAtu se bhI nATaka zabda kI siddhi kI hai / abhinavagupta likhate hai: nATakaM nAma tacceSTitaM pratIbhAvadAyakaM bhavati tathA halyAnupravezarajanollAsanayA hRdayaM zarIraM ca nartayati nATakam / nATaka aura nATaketara kAvyAMgoM meM antara nATayadarpaNakAra ke pUrva prAcAryoM ne nATaka evaM nATaketara kAvya meM utanI spaSTatA ke sAtha antara nahIM dikhalAyA hai, jitanI spaSTatA hameM rAmacandraguNacandra kI racanA nATyadarpaNa meM milatI hai / prAcArya dhanaJjaya ne nATaka aura nATaketara rUpakoM meM antara dikhAte hue likhA hai prakRtitvAvazAnyeSAM bhUyo rasapariprahAta / sampUrNalakSaNatvAcca pUrva nATakamucyate // [nATaka anya prakAra ke rUpakoM kI prakRti hai / prarthAt prakaraNa mAdi bhedoM kA lakSaNa nATaka ke prAdhAra para hI kiyA jAtA hai| nATaka meM bahuta adhika rasa kA parigraha hotA hai, aura usameM saMpUrNa lakSaNa hote haiN|
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________________ (14) yahA~ dhanaJjaya ne nATaka aura anya rUpakoM meM antara dikhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai, para rUpaka aura rUpaka se itara sAhitya kA antara kahIM nahIM spaSTa kiyA hai| rAmacandraguNacandra ne isa samasyA ko sulajhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai 1. rAmacandraguNacandra ne nATaka aura kathAsAhitya meM vyAvartaka dharma sthApita karate hue kahA hai ki yadyapi kathAdi bhI zrotAmoM ke hRdaya ko nacA dete haiM kinta ve upAyAdi vaicitrya hetumoM ke prabhAva meM utane ullAsakArI nahIM hote| 2. nATaka ke dvArA rAjA aura usake aMga rUpa meM mAmAtyAdi ko vyutpanna kiyA jAtA hai, jo nATaketara sAhitya meM sambhava nahIM hai| 3. kathAsAhitya aura nATaka kI racanAzailI meM spaSTa antara isa prakAra hotA hai| zravyakAvya meM padya hI padya aura pAkhyAyikA meM gadya hI hotA hai aura donoM meM samudra, nadI, sUrya, candra prAdi ke prAkRtika varNana kA bAhulya hotA hai| kintu nATaka meM padya kI saMkhyA svalpa aura gadyazailI bhI pAkhyAyikA se bhinna hotI hai| kAdambarI evaM vAsavadatA Adi prAkhyAyikA-granthoM meM dIrgha sAmAsika gadya spRhaNIya hai| kintu nATaka meM sarala evaM doghaM samAsa-rahita gadya hI vAJchanIya hai, kakaMza aura adhika samastapadayukta gadya ThIka nhiiN| nATaka meM usI avAntara kathAvastu kI yojanA hotI hai, jo paraMparA se phala kI sAdhaka hotI hai / rAmacandraguNacandra ne apane 'nalavilAsa' nAmaka nATaka kA ullekha karate hue damayantI ke citradarzana dvArA nala ke hRdaya meM anurAga utpanna karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, mataH citradarzana kI pravAntara kathA nATaka ke sarvathA upayukta hI mAnI jaaygii| 4. nadI, samudra, sUrya, candramA, parvata, madhupAna jalakrIr3A prAdi kA varNana nATaketara sAhitya meM Avazyaka mAnA jAtA hai, kintu nATaka meM ina lambe varNanoM se nATaka-rasa tirobhUta ho jAtA hai| inakA pratyalpa varNana to svIkArya ho sakatA hai, para vistRta varNana nATakopayogI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 5. alaMkAroM kA vizeSa prayoga bhI nATaka meM upAdeya nahIM samajhA jaataa| nATyadarpaNakAra kahate haiM ki unhIM zleSopamAdi kA prayoga karanA cAhie jo rasasiddhi ke lie kiye jAne vAle prayatna se hI siddha hote haiM / kathAbhAga meM upakSepa prAdi saMndhyaMgoM kI racanA isa prakAra karanI cAhie ki jisase ve rasa ko tirobhUta na kara skeN| lakSaNa aura udAharaNa nATyadarpaNakArane pAribhASika zabdAvalI ke lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa pUrvavartI prAcAryoM se pRthak rUpa meM kiye hai| unhoMne na to bharata kA anusaraNa kiyA hai aura na anya pUrvavartI nATyAcAryoM kA / unhoMne lakSaNa aura udAharaNa kI eka navIna paddhati apanAI hai| sUtroM meM sAmAnya lakSaNa aura vRtti meM usakA vivecana kiyA hai| yahAM do bAra pAribhASika zabdoM ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa likhakara rAmacandraguNacandra ko maulikatA para prakAza DAlane kA prayAsa kiyA jaaygaa| praGka kA lakSaNa bharatamuni isa prakAra likhate haiM
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________________ ( 65 ) pra iti rUDhizabdo bhAvazca rasaMzca rohayatyarthAn / nAnAvidhAnayukto yasmAttasmAdbhavedaGkaH // isa lakSaNa se praGka kA svarUpa spaSTa nahIM hotA / dhanaJjaya ne bhI aGka kA lakSaNa spaSTa nahIM kiyA / nATyadarpaNakAra ne ahna kA lakSaNa anya prAcAryoM kI apekSA adhika vistAra ke sAtha isa prakAra likhA hai [kArya kI prArambha prAdirUpa] avasthA kI samApti athavA kAryavaza [ asamApta avasthA kA bhI] viccheda [ jo bhagale praGka kI kathA ke bIja athavA ] bindu se yukta aura do ghar3IM se lekara cAraprahara taka ke darzanIya artha se yukta ho vaha 'a' kahalAtA hai / pA~ca avasthAoM meM se kisI bhI eka avasthA kA prArambha aura pUrNatA dvArA samApti [prata kI niyAmikA hotI hai / usako maGka meM dikhalAnA cAhie] prathavA masamApta avasthA kA bhI kAryavaza jo bIca meM viccheda kara diyA jAya vaha bhI aGka kA niyAmaka hai / 'kArya' pada se yahA~ eka dina meM na ho sakane vAle dUradezagamana prAdi athavA bahuta lambA hone ke kAraNa eka dina meM jisakA abhinaya kiyA jAnA sambhava na ho [usakA grahaNa hotA hai ] / usake kAraNa jo avasthA kA bIca meM ho viccheda kara diyA jAtA hai vaha bhI 'maGka' kA niyAmaka hai / [kArikA 19 ] rAmacandraguNacandra kA yaha lakSaNa pUrvavartI prAcAryoM ke lakSaNoM se adhika spaSTa hai / kintu prAzcarya yaha hai ki parivartI AcAryoM ne isakA koI upayoga nahIM kiyA, aura vizvanAtha ne sAhityadarpaNa meM bharata ke hI lakSaNa kA AdhAra lete hue kahA hai " jisake anta meM sampUrNa pAtra raMgamaMca se niSkramaNa kara jaaeN|" bharata ne kahA hai : niSkrAmaH sarveSAM yasminnaGkaH sa vijJeyaH zrora vizvanAtha ne bharata ke nimnalikhita zlokoM kI sarvathA upekSA kI tathA unakA koI aMza apane meM sammilita nahIM kiyA lakSaNa likhA hai yatrArthasya samAptiryatra ca bIjasya bhavati saMhAraH / kiJcidavalagna bindu) so'Gka iti savAvagantavyaH // aGka kA yaha lakSaNa adhika spaSTa haiM / abhinavagupta ne isI lakSaNa kA AdhAra lekara itya lakSaNe H zabdaH / anyato vyavacchevakaM lakSalam zrabhineye rasabhAvasafarius rohayati / hRvayasaMvAdasAdhAraNatA karaNena pratyakSIbhAvanayA rasAkArodayapraroho bhavati / prArambhAdyatrasthAlakSaraNo yatra samApyate so'GkaH / mukhAdiSu yathAkramaM bIjasya dazAvizeSAH saMhArasAnvavAcyA aneka rasAGkitatvAva iti nAma / - abhinavabhAratI abhinavagupta ne bharatamata kI vyAkhyA vistAra ke sAtha kI hai / sAgaranandI ne 'nATakalakSaNaratnakoza' meM bhaGka meM varjita ghaTanAoM kA hI ullekha kiyA hai / ghaTanAkAla ke viSaya meM itanA avazya likhA hai "bahukAlaprapeyaM kAryaM nAGka vidheyam / " arthAt dIrghakAla meM ghaTita hone 1. pratyakSacitracaritairyukto bhAvarasodbhavaiH / prantaniSkrAntanikhilapAtro'Gka iti kIrtitaH // sA0 da0 6-16 /
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________________ vAle kArya ko aGka meM sthAna nahIM denA cAhie, kintu bhara kI vizeSatAoM kA kahIM ullekha nahIM kiyaa| uparyukta lakSaNoM kI tulanA karate hue yaha svIkAra karanA par3egA ki rAmacandra-guNacandra ne pUrvavartI prAcAryoM ke aGka-sambandhI pakSaNoM ko svatantra rIti se socane aura vyApaka banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai / isI prakAra arthaprakRti ke lakSaNa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta karane se bhI ima ukta niSkarSa para hI pahuMcate hai| artha-prakRti bharatamuni ne bIja, bindu, patAkA, prakarI aura kArya nAmaka pAMca parvaprakRtiyoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| paravartI sabhI prAcAryoM ne bharatamuni kA hI manusaraNa kiyA aura unhIM ke nirmita lakSaNoM ko pAdhAra bnaayaa| sabhI ne prayojana-siddhi ke pAMca hetumoM kA upayukta sama rkhaa| kintu rAmacandraguNacandra ne inameM parivartana kara diyaa| unhoMne praryaprakRti ko 'upAva bhAma se abhihita kiyA aura unakA krama rakhA- . bIjaM patAkA prakarI binduH kArya yyaaci| phalasya hetavaH pandha cetanAcetanAtmakAH / / sUtra 1 / 28 unhoMne kArikA kI vRtti meM yaha saSTa kiyA hai ki ruci ke anurUpa inake krama meM parisana kiyA jA sakatA hai / anya bhAcArya isa mata se sahamata nhiiN| dUsarA bhantara yaha hai ki rAmacanApUrNamA ina upAyoM kA vibhAjana cetana evaM pracetana kI dRSTi se eka vilakSaNa rIti se karanA cAhate hai| acetana hetu bhI mukhya bhaura pamukhya bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| 'bIja' mukhya bhavetana hetu hai aura 'kArya' amukhy| isI prakAra cetana hetu bhI mukhya maura upakaraNabhUta dRSTi se do prakAra ke hote haiM / 'bindu' mukhya cetana hetu hai / upakaraNabhUta cetana hetu do prakAra ke hote hai-(1) svArthasiddhi yukta hone ke sAtha parArtha-siddhipara (2) parAdha-sistitsara / prathama kA nAma 'patAkA' hai, mora dvitIya kA nAma prkrii| isa prakAra kA vargIkaraNa bhora kama hameM anya kisI prAcArya kI racanA meM nahIM dikhAI par3atA / paMca upAyoM ke lakSaNa bhI anya bhAcAryoM se kahIM-kahIM bhinna rUpa meM dikhAI par3ate hai| rAmacandra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye lakSaNa ke uparAnta svaracita nATakoM se udAharaNa dekara lakSaNoM kI puSTi karate hai| bIja mora bindu ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa kA mApAyoM ko apekSA adhika paSTa aura bodhagamya hai| mAvazyakatAnusAra ekahI. 'upAda ke pAra pAra udAharaNa dekara unhoMne kaThina viSaya ko sarala banA dene kA prayAsa kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha, bIja kekSaNa ke uparAnta ratnAvalI, satyaharizcandra, svaracita yAdavAbhyudaya evaM mudrArAkSasa ke una sthaloM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai jahA~ se 'bIja' prArambha hokara zAkhA mAvi rUpa meM vistAra pAtA hai| upayukta vivecana se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki rAma candra ne nAdaca-sambandhI (da sthaloM kA maulika rIti se cintana karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| itanA avazya hai ki maulikatA utsAha meM ve kahIM kahIM itane bahaka gae hai ki mubalaka panate pAgale. raha pAte haiN| jaise sa-varNana katipaya prasaMgoM meM /
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________________ ( 5 ) nATyadarpaNakAra kA yogadAna ___ rAmacandra una katipaya prAcAryoM meM parigaNita hone yogya hai jinameM kArayitrI evaM bhAvayitrI donoM prakAra kI pratimA vidyamAna hai| nATyadarpaNa ke atirikta unhoMne mallikA-. makarandama, yAdavAbhyudayam, raghuvilAsama, rAghavAbhyudayam, rohiNImugAGkam, vanamAlA-nATikA mAdi nATaka evaM sudhAkalaza nAmaka kAvya kI racanA kii| apane nATapagrantha ke lie unake mana meM nATakaracanA kI preraNA uThI prapavA nATaka-racanA ke uparAnta prAcIna nATaya-sakSaNoM meM saMzodhana kI mAvazyakatA pratIta huI. athavA donoM preraNAe~ sAtha sAtha utpanna huI, yaha nizcaya karapA kaThina hai| ___ yadyapi nATayArpaNameM vidvAn vyAkaraNa kI aneka prazuddhiyAM nikAla sakate haiM, mora prAcArya kI navIna mAnyatAmoM kA khaNDana bhI kara sakate hai, para itanA to avazya hI svIkAra karanA par3egA ki (1) una donoM granthakAroM ne aneka prakAzita nATaya-granthoM kA adhyayana karake unake AdhAra para eka naye nATyazAstra kA nirmANa kiyA / (2) aneka prakAzita granthoM kA viSaya prakAza meM lAkara nATya-sAhitya kI samRddhi kI (3) nATya-sAhitya mora nATyazAstra kA naye DhaMga se cintana kiyaa| (4) aneka gambhIra viSayoM kA apane matAnusAra spaSTIkaraNa kiyaa| (5) virakti pradhAna jaina samAja meM zRMgAra-pradhAna nATyasAhitya ko bhI samAhata kiyaa| (6) pUrvAcAryoM dvArA niti nATya-lakSaNoM meM saMzodhana upasthita karane kA sAhasa karake navIna zailI para socane kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| (7) rasa-vivecana meM ina prAcAryoM ne eka nayA siddhAnta upasthita kiyaa| ye prAcArya rasoM ko prabhinavagupta ke samAna na to sukha-duHkha rUpa hI mAnate haiM, na inakA mata dhanaMjaya-dhanika evaM vizvanAtha ke samAna sukhAtmakavAdI hI hai| inakA mata vibhajyavAdI mata kahalAtA hai jisake viSaya meM hama pUrva vivecana kara pAe haiN|
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________________ zrIrAmacandra-guNacandra viracitaM svopajJavivaraNavibhUSitaM nATyadarpaNam prathamo vivekaH caturvargaphalAM nityaM jainI vAcamupAsmahe / rUpaidizabhi-vizvaM yayA nyAyye dhRtaM pathi // 1 // atha zrImadAcArya vizvezvarasiddhAntaziromaNiviracitA nATyadarpaNadIpikA hindI vyAkhyA inota pRccha janimA kavInAM manodhRtaH sukRtastakSata dyAm / imA u te praNyo vardhamAnA manovAtA agha nu dharmaNi gman / / Rgveda 3-38-2 / vizva-nATyamidaM sUtradhAro yastanute sdaa| rasakandasvarUpAya tasmai sUtrAtmane namaH / / yadaMza-bhAyaM bharate savRttike kRtaM, na pUrti-viSayasya taavtaa| ato'sya pUtya pariziSTarUpataH : tanomi vRttiM khalu nATyadarpaNe / / vRttibhAgakA maGgalAcaraNa [dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa] caturvargAtmaka phaloMko pradAna karane vAlI [rAgAdi ke vijetA] jinoMkI [usa] vANIko hama namaskAra karate haiM jisane [apane] bAraha rUpoM ke dvArA saMsArako nyAyocita mArgameM sthApita kiyA hai / 1 / isa granthake nirmAtA zrI rAmacandra-guNacandra (1063-1175) do vyakti haiN| unhoMne sammilita rUpase isa granthakI racanA kI hai| donoM jaina AcArya zrI hemacandra ke ziSya aura paraspara sahAdhyAyI gurubhAI haiN| jaina matAvalambI honeke kAraNa isa gaGgalazloka meM unhoMne 'jainI-vANI' arthAt rAgAdi vijetA apane ArAdhya jinoMkI vANIko namaskAra kiyA hai / usa 'jina-vANI' ke unhoMne 'dvAdaza-rUpa' batalAe haiM / ye 'dvAdasa-rUpa' jaina zAstroMmeM nimna prakAra ginAe gae haiM 1. prAcArAga, 2. sUtrakRtAGga, 3. sthAnAGga, 4. samavAyAGga, 5. bhagavatI,
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________________ 2. ] nATyadarpaNam mahAkavinibaddhAni dRSTvA rUpANi bhUrizaH / svayaM ca kRtvA, svopajJaM nATyalakSma vivRvahe ||2|| 6. jJAtAdharmakathA, 7 upAsakadazA, 5 antakRddazAGga, 6 anuttaropapAyika, 10. praznavyAkaraNa, 11. vipAka aura 12 dRSTivAda | zrAcArAGgase lekara dRSTivAda paryaMta ina 'dvAdaza rUpoM ke dvArA hI rAgAdike vijetA jinoMko vAraNIne vizvako dharmamArga meM sthita rahane kI preraNA pradAna kI hai| isalie granthakArane yahA~ una dvAdaza rUpoM vAlI jina-vAraNIko namaskAra kiyA hai| kintu isake atirikta yahA~ 'dvAdaza rUpoM' kI carcA karanekA kucha aura bhI kAraNa hai usakA sambandha isa granthase hai / nATyadarpaNa ke Arambha meM jo yaha maGgala- zloka likhA gayA hai usakA granthake pratipAdya nATya viSaya ke sAtha bhI kucha sambandha honA caahie| isa dRSTise granthakAra isakI nATyaparaka bhI Age svayaM prastuta kareMge / isa vyAkhyA meM 'dvAdarUpaiH' se bAraha prakAra ke rUpakabhedoMkA grahaNa kiyA jAyagA / isI dRSTise granthakArane yahA~ vizeSa rUpase 'rUpaMdvAdazabhiH ' padoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / [ ava0 nATya viSayapara sabase prAcIna aura prAmANika graMtha bharata munikA 'nATyazAstra' hai / usake bAda 'dazarUpaka', 'bhAvaprakAza', 'sAhityadarpaNa' tathA 'pratAparudrayazobhUSaNa' Adi aneka pratthoM meM nATya-sambandhI viSayakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ina sabameM hI prAyaH rUpaka ke dasa bheda ginAe gae haiM / daza-rUpakakAra dhanaJjayane to apane granthakA nAma ho 'dazarUpaka' rakhA hai| usase rUpaka ke mukhya dasa bhedoMkI sUcanA milatI hai| unhoMne dasa rUpakoM kA sambandha dasa avatAroMke sAtha bhI jor3A hai| dasa avatAroMke samAna rUpaka bhI dasa hI haiM, yaha unakA mata hai / parantu phira bhI unhoMne gaurA bhedake rUpameM gyArahaveM bheda 'nATikA' kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| maura 'ratnAvalI nATikA' ke bahuta se udAharaNa bhI graMtha meM prastuta kie haiN| 'bhAvaprakAza' tathA sAhityadarpaNakAra ne bhI 'nATikA' ko gyArahavA~ bheda mAnA hai aura usake udAharaNa rUpa meM 'ratnAvalI - nATikA' kA ullekha kiyA hai / isa prakAra anya prAcAryo ke mata meM bhI rUpakake gyAraha bheda bana jAte haiM / kintu yahA~ graMthakAra ne 'prakaraNI' nAmaka eka aura bheda karake rUpakake bAraha bheda kara die haiM / usI zrAdhArapara yahA~ 'dvAdaza rUpoM' kI carcA kI gaI hai / isa graMtha ke do bhAga haiM eka kArikA bhAga zrIra dUsarA usakA vRtti prathavA vivaraNa bhAga / donoM bhAgoM ke racayitA eka hI haiM / arthAt- jinhoMne mUla kArikAoMkI racanA kI hai, unhoMne unapara svayaM hI vRtti bhI likhI hai| isalie yaha maGgala-zloka kArikA bhAga aura vRtti bhAga donoMke prArambha meM diyA gayA hai / yahA~para yaha zloka vRtti bhAgake maGgalAcaraNa ke rUpameM diyA gayA hai| mUlakArikA bhAgake maGgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM prAge phira isako likhakara isakI vyAkhyA kareMge / samprati vRti bhAgako pravataraNikAMke rUpameM bAraha zloka likhate haiM / vRtti bhAgakI avataraNikA - . [kAlivAsa prAvi] mahAkaviyoMke banAe hue aneka rUpakoM [ bhUrizaH rUpANi ] ko
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________________ ava.] prathamo vivekaH alaGkAramRduH panthAH kathAdInAM susaJcaraH / duHsaJcarastu nATyasya rasakallolasaGkalaH // 3 // na gItAvAdyanRttajJA lokasthitivido na ye / abhinetuca katuM ca prabandhAste bahirmukhAH // 4 // dekhakara aura svayaM bhI [aneka rUpakoMkA nirmANa karake [marzata nAvya-lakSaNa mAdikA pUrNa mAna aura anubhava prApta karake hama donoM [arthAt isa graMthake racayitA rAmacandra guraNacandra isa nAyavarpaNa graMthameM nAvya-lakSaNakI vivecanA [prArambha karate haiM / 2 / / jaisA ki Upara likhA jA cukA hai ki isa granthake kartA rAmacandra aura guNacandra do vyakti haiN| una donoMne milakara isa granthakI racanA kI haiN| isa mATyadarpaNake atirikta 'dravyAlaGkAravRtti' nAmaka eka aura bhI aisA grantha hai jisakI racanA ina donoMne milakara kI hai| guNacandrakA sdatantra rUpase likhA huA koI anya nahIM milatA hai| parantu rAmacandra ne svatantra rUpase bhI bahutase granthoMkI racanA kI hai| unako prAyaH 'prabandha-zatakartA upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA jAtA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha humA ki unhoMne lagabhaga sau granthoMkI racanA kI thii| unake saba grandha to aba taka nahIM mile haiM aura na unake nAma hI jJAta haiM kintu phira bhI apane gyAraha nATakoMkA ullekha unhoMne apane isa granthameM sthAna-sthAnapara kiyA hai| arthAt adhika nahIM to kama-se-kama gyAraha nATaka to unhoMne banAe hI haiN| jaba itane nATaka unhoMne svayaM banAe haiM to sambhavataH apane samayameM upalabdha prAyaH sabhI nATaka unhoMne par3ha DAle hoNge| itane nATakoMke par3hane aura svayaM banAneke bAda unhoMne isa nATyadarpaNakI racanAmeM hAtha lagAyA hai isase vidita hotA hai ki ve isa viSayapara grantha likhane ke lie pratyanta upayukta aura adhikArI vyakti haiN| isI bAtako sUcita karane ke lie unhoMne isa zloka meM sabase pahale apane nATya-viSayaka isa vizAla anubhavakA ullekha uparyukta prakArase kiyA hai| nATyaracanAkI duSkaratA kAvyake, zravya-kAvya, nATaka AkhyAyikA prAdi aneka bheda mAne gae haiN| ina sabakI hI racanAke lie vizeSa prakArako pratibhAkI prAvazyakatA hotI hai kintu graMthakAra kI dRSTi meM nATakakI racanA anya praGgoMkI apekSA adhika kaThina hai / isalie ve agale zlokoMmeM usakI duSkaratAkA pratipAdana karate hue likhate haiM kathA prAvi [kAvyake anya prabhedoMkI racanA kA mArga alaGkAroMse komala ho mAneke kAraNa sukhapUrvaka saJcaraNa karane yogya hai [marthAt alaGkAra-pradhAna kathA prAdikI racanA saralatAse kI jA sakatI hai] kintu rasoMko kalloloMse paripUrNa honese nATyakA mArga pratyanta kaThina. [duHsaJcara] hai| 3 / jo gIta-vAdya-nRtya prAdiko nahIM jAnate haiM aura jo loka-vyavahAra meM kuzala nahIM haiM ve [pravandhAna arthAt] nATakoMkA abhinaya karane aura racanA karanekelie [bahirmukha haiM arthAt] adhikArI nahIM haiM / 4 /
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________________ 4] darpaNam sa kavistasya kAvyena martyA api sudhAndhasaH / rasomiMghUrNitA nATya yasya nRtyati bhAratI ||5|| nAnArthazabdalaulyena parAzvo ye rasAmRtAt / vidvAMsaste kavIndrANAmarhanti na punaH kathAm ||6|| 1 ina zlokoM meM granthakArane kathA prAdi kAvyabhedoMke mArgako 'alaGkAramRdu:' bhataeva 'susaJcara' kahA hai aura nATakakI racanAke mArgako 'rasa- kallola - saMkula' honeke kAraNa 'duH saJcara' batalAyA hai / kintu kathA Adi gadya-kAvyoM ke lekhakoMne 'gadyaM kavInAM nikaSaM vadanti' likhakara usa gadya racanAko hI kaviyoMkI pratibhAkI parakhake lie kasauTI mAnA hai / isI prakAra padyAtmaka prabandha-kAvyoM ke lekhakoMne chandake parimita akSaroMke bandhana meM ba~dhakara kI jAne vAlI kAvya racanA hI kavi-pratibhAkA nikaSa mAnA hai / vAstava meM pratibhAvAtu kaviyoM ke lie to sabhI mArga susaJcara haiM aura apratibhAvAnoMke lie sabhI jagaha kaThinAI hai / paNDitarAja jagannAthane apanI racanA zaktikI prasaMzA karate hue likhA hai sAhitye sukumAravastuni dRDhanyAyagrahagranthile tarphe vA mayi saMvidhAtari samaM lIlAyate bhAratI / zayyA vAstu mRdUttaracchadavatI darbhAGkurairAstRtA / bhUmirvA hRdayaGgamo yadi patistulyA ratiryoSitAm // jisa prakAra anukUla patike honepara cAhe kaThora bhUmi ho yA komala susajjita zayyA ho striyoMke zrAnanda zraura vilAsa meM koI antara nahIM par3atA hai isI prakAra pratibhAvAn kavike honepara vaha kisI mArga cale usake Age sarasvatI samAna rUpase hI apane saundaryako abhivyakta karatI hai, usameM antara nahIM mAtA hai / rasakaviyoM kI prazaMsA nATyakI racanAko 'rasa- kallola - saMkula' honeke kAraNa hI kaThina kahA gayA thaa| kintu vaha rasa hI nATya yA kAvyakA prAraNa hai| isIlie 'rasasiddhAH kavIzvarAH' rasakaviyoMkI sarvatra prazaMsA kI gaI haiN| agale zloka granthakAra bhI unakI likhate haiM meM prazaMsA karate hue [ bhava0 martyalokake ghAsI ant [ vAstavika ] kavi hai aura usake kAvya [ ke par3hane ] se [ manuSya ] bhI [ kAvyarasa rUpa ] zramRtakA pAna karane vAle bana jAte haiM jisakI vAraNI nATaka meM rasakI lahariyoMmeM cakarAtI huI-sI nAcatI hai / 5 / zabda-kaviyoMkI nindA jo kavi nAnArthaka [zrarthAt zranekArtha- vAcaka liSTa ] zabdoMke pralobhanameM [ par3akara ] rasAmRtrase parAGmukha ho jAte haiM [arthAt rasakI upekSA kara, kevala zleSa zrAdike nirvAhake lie zabda pradhAna tukabandImeM laga jAte haiM] ve vidvAn [zabdapaTutAke kAraNa vidvAn to kahe jA sakate haiM kintu ve 'kavIndrANAM kathAM na prarhanti'] uttama kavi nahIM kahalA sakate haiM / 6 ! 1. katham /
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________________ ava0 ] prathamo viveka: rasAnisyandakarkazAH / zlepAlaGkArabhAjo'pi durbhagA iva kAminyaH prINanti na bhano giraH ||7! AraGkAd bhRpatiM yAvadaucitIM na vidanti ye / spRhanta kavitvA khelanaM te sumedhasAm ||8|| nIrasa vANIkI nindA zleSa alaGkArase yukta honepara rasa- pravAhase rahita honeke kAraNa karkaza [viyoM ko] vANI usI prakAra [sahRdayoM ke ] anako praphullita nahIM karatI hai jisa prakAra zrAliGgana karatI huI zraura zralaGkAroMse sajI huI honepara bhI [ yauna] rasake na nikalane ke kAraNa kaThora bhaga vAlI [dubhaMga] striyA~ [puruSoMko] zrAhlAdita nahIM karatI haiM / 7 / isa prakAra ina tIna zlokoM meM granthakArane rasakaviyoMkI prazaMsA karate hue yaha dikhalAyA hai ki rasa hI kAvya yA nATakakA sarvasva hai| usase rahita nATakoM ko alaGkAra prAdise cAhe jitanA bhI alaMkRta kara diyA jAya ve sahRdayoM ko prAkRSTa nahIM kara sakate haiM / sahRdayoM ke AkarSaNa ke lie rasapradhAna nATaka hI upayukta ho sakate haiM / kaviyoM ke lie vyavahAra jJAnakI upayogitA uttama kAvya yA nATakakI racanAke lie sabase mukhya kAraNa to kavikI pratibhA hai / kintu usake bAda kavikI vyutpatti arthAt laukika tathA zAstrIya vyavahArakA parijJAna bhI dUsarA anivArya kAraNa hai / mammaTa zrAdine to ina donoM ko alaga-alaga kAraNa na mAnakara sammilita rUpase kAraNa mAnA hai / aura unake sAtha 'kAvyahazikSayAbhyAsaH' grarthAda abhyAsako bhI jor3akara --- [ 5 zakti nipuNatA loka-zAstra- kAvyAdyavekSaNAt / kAvyajJazikSayAbhyAsa iti hetustadudbhave || kAvyaprakAza 1-2 : zakti arthAt kavitvakI bIjabhUta pratibhA, loka, zAstra tathA kAvyAdike parizIlana se utpanna nipuNatA arthAt vyutpatti, aura kAvyake nirmANa tathA usakI vivecanA meM samartha kAvyajJoMkI zikSA ke anusAra abhyAsa karanA ye tInoM milakara 'hetu:' arthAt kAvyake kAraNa hote haiM / 'na tu hetavaH' alaga-alaga tIna kAraNa nahIM hote haiN| isI dRSTise yahA~ bhI granthakAra lokavyavahAra prAdikI upayogitAkA pratipAdana karate hue likhate haiMnirdhana se lekara rAjA taka [ ke vyavahAra] ke praucityako jo nahIM jAnate haiM aura forest kAmanA karate haiM [arthAt kavi bananA cAhate haiM] ve vidvAnoMke upahAsake [manoraMjanake] pAtra banate haiM [ lekhanaM te sumedhasAm ] 80 vidvattA ke sAtha kavitva Avazyaka -- agale zlokoMmeM granthakAra isa bAtapara bala dete haiM ki loka raMjana aura lokameM pratiSThAkI prApti kevala vidvattAke dvArA nahIM ho sakatI hai / inakI prAptike lie zAstrIya vidvattA ke sAtha kavitvakI zakti bhI zrAvazyaka hai / kavitvake binA korA vidvAn lokameM na pratiSThA prApta kara sakatA hai aura lokakA dhyAna apanI zrora zrAkarSita kara sakatA hai /
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________________ . nATyadarpaNam [ ava0 gaNAH kavitvaM vidyAnAM lAvaNyamiva yoSitAm / vidyavedino'pyasmai tato nityaM kRtaspRhAH // 6 // nAsikAnte dvayaM zvitraM dvayovIMDA rasajJayoH kucAmAvaH kuraGgAkSyAH kAvyAbhAvo vipazcitaH // 10 // akavitvaM parastAvat kalaGkaH pAThazAlinAm / anyakAvyaH kavitvaM tu kalaGkasyApi cUlikA // 11 // striyoMke lAvaNyake samAna kavitva, vidyAnoMkA prANarUpa hai| isalie trayovidyAke jAnane vAle vidoMke vidvAna] bhI isa [kavitvakI prApti ke lie sadA utsuka rahate haiM / / / [zlokake uttarAkhaM meM kahI jAne vAlI] do vastue~ nAkake Upara hue kor3hake samAna hai aura [ina] donoMse rasajJoMko lajjA hotI hai| [ve donoM vastue~ kauna sI yaha kahate haiN| unameMse eka to] mRganayanI [sanvarI] ke stanoMkA prabhAva [arthAt choTe stana kA honA aura dUsarA) vidvAnakA kAvyAbhAva [arthAt kavi na honA, ye donoM nAkaparaphe kor3ha ke samAna lajjAprada hote haiM] // 10 // . kAvyApaharaNakI nindA jaisA ki pichale zlokoMmeM kahA gayA hai binA kavitvake kevala kore vidvAnoMko bhI jagatmeM pAdara prApta karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai| isalie kabhI-kabhI kavitvakI pratibhA se hIna, kintu lokameM prAdara pAneke lie utsuka, vidvAn bhI dUsaroMke kAvyako curAkara apaharaNa kara apane nAmase prasiddha kara dete haiM aura isa prakAra anAyAsa hI lokameM pAdara prApta karane kA prayatna karate haiN| isa prakAra logoMkI nindA karate hue granthakAra agale zloka meM likhate haiM [pAThazAlinAm arthAt vidvAnoMkelie kavi na honA hI bar3A kalaGka hai kintu anyoM ke kAvyase [arthAt dUsaroMke kAvyakA apaharaNa karake apane nAmase prasiddha karanese] kavitva [ko prApta karanekA yatna to kalarakI bhI cUlikA [aura bhI adhika bar3hAne vAlI ceSTA] rAjazekhara prAdine isa prakArake kaviyoMkA acchA vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne kaviyoMke cAra bheda kie haiN| (1) utpAdaka kavi, (2) parivartaka kavi, (3) AcchAdaka kavi pora (4) saMvargaka kvi| inameMse 'utpAdaka' kavi usako kahate haiM jo apanI pratibhAke . balase sundara mUtana kAvyakI svayaM racanA karatA hai| vahI vAstavameM kavi kahalAnekA adhikArI hai| dUsarA 'parivartaka' kavi vaha kahalAtA hai, jo kisI anya kavike bhAva aura zabdoM meM hera-phera karake usako apanA kAvya banA letA hai| arthAt kucha parivartanoMdvArA dUsarekI kavitApara apane vyaktitvakI chApa lagA detA hai| tIsare prakArakA kavi 'pAcchAdaka' kavi hotA hai / vaha dUsarekI racanAko chipA detA hai, prakAzita honekA avasara nahIM detA hai paura usIse milatI-julatI yA hIna koTikI bhI apanI kavitAko prasiddha kara detA hai / cauthA kavi 'saMvargaka' kavi kahalAtA hai| 'saMvargaka' kA artha DAkU hai| jo dUsare kAvyako
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________________ ava0 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 7 khullama-khullA apanA kahakara prakAzita karanekA dussAhasa karatA hai vaha 'saMvargaka-kavi' kahalAtA hai / parivartaka kavi aura AcchAdaka kavi yadi cora kavi haiM to saMvargaka-kavi DAkU kavi hai| kaviyoMke ye saba bheda prAcIna kAla meM bhI pAe jAte the aura aba bhI pAe jAte haiN| isa prakArake kaviyoM ke viSaya meM nimna zlokameM acchI cuTakI lI gaI hai kaviranuharati cchAyAM, artha kukaviH, padAdikaM caurH| sakalaprabandhahatre sAhasakartre namastasmai / arthAt kavi yadi kabhI kAvyApaharaNakA yatna karatA hai to vaha kevala chAyAmAtrakA hI apaharaNa karatA hai| kukavi dUsareke kAvya se arthakA apaharaNa karatA hai aura cora kavi padAdikA apaharaNa karatA hai| kintu jo sAre prabandha, sAre kAvyakA hI apaharaNa kara letA hU~ usa sAhasika DAkUko dUrase namaskAra hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha huA ki dUsaroMke kAvyase chAyAmAtrakA apaharaNa karanA, grahaNa kara lenA anucita nahIM hai usakI anumati sukavike lie bhI pradAna kI gaI hai| kintu arthApaharaNa, padApaharaNa aura prabandhApaharaNa uttarottara gurutara aparAdha bana jAte haiM / trividha kAvyasaMvAda-- Uparake zlokameM 'kaviranuharati cchAyAM' likhakara kaviko chAyApaharaNako anumati-sI pradAna kara dI gaI pratIta hotI hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki kAvyoMmeM bahudhA sAmya bhI pAyA jAtA hai| aura vaha sAmya kabhI-kabhI mahAkaviyoMke kAvyoMmeM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| para vaha chAyA-sAmya hI hotA hai / dhvanyAlokakAra prAnandavardhana tathA rAjazekhara prAdi ne isa prakArake kAvya-sAmyako tIna bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA hai| (1) pratibimba-kalpa sAmya, (2) prAlekhyaprakhya sAmya aura (3) tulyadehivat sAmya / inakA varNana karate hue mAnandavardhanAcAryane likhA hai saMvAdo dhanyasAdRzyaM tat punaH pratibimbavat / AlekhyAkAravat tulya dehivacca zarIriNAm // dhvanyAloka 4.12 / inake lakSaNa rAjazekharane nimna prakArase kiye haiM arthaH sa eva sarvo vAkyAntaraviracanAparo yatra / tadaparamArthavibhedaM kAvyaM pratibimbakalpaM syAt // kiyatApi yatra saMskArakarmaNA vastu bhinnavad bhAti / tat kathitamarthacaturai-rAlekhyaprakhyamiti kAvyam / / arthAt pratibimbakalpa-kAvya, mUlakAvyakA prativimbamAtra pratIta hotA hai usakA apanA vyaktitva aura svarUpa mUla kAvyase alaga pratIta nahIM hotA hai / prAnandavardhanAcAryane isa prakArake kAvyako 'tAttvika-zarIra-zUnya' aura rAjazekharane usako 'aparamArtha-vibheda' kahA hai| yaha kAvya sarvathA heya hai| dUsare bhAlekhyaprakhya kAvya meM mUlakAvyakA kucha saMskAra karake usakI racanA kI jAtI hai| jisase vaha prativimbabhAvako chor3akara Alekhya yA citrake samAna pratIta hotA hai| yaha bhI heya hI mAnA jAtA hai| tIsarA 'tulyadehivat' sAmya mAnA gayA hai| mAnandavardhanane isake viSaya meM likhA hai tattvasyAnyasya sadbhAve pUrvasthityanuyAyyapi / vastu bhAtitarAM tanvyAH zazicchAyamivAnanam / / dhvanyA0 4-14 /
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________________ [ kA0 1 sU0 1 nATyadarpaNama kavitvavandhyAH klizyante sukhAkatu jaganti ye / netre nimIlya vidvAMsaste'dhirohanti parvatam ||12|| atha ziSTasamayaparipAlanAya pratyUhavyUhopazamanAya ca sakala sandarbhArthamtavanAgarbha samuciteSTAdhidaivatasya sUtrakAroM namaskAra zlokaM parAmRzana:[ sUtra 1 ] - caturvargaphalAM nityaM jainIM vAcamupAsmahe / rUpairdvAdazabhi- vizvaM yayA nyAyye pathi dhRtam // 1 // 8] arthAt jisa prakAra kAminIkA mukha pUrvavartI candramAkI kAntikA anusaraNa karane para bhI pratyanta zobhita hotA hai isI prakAra pUrvakAvyakI chAyAkA anusaraNa karanevAlA navIna kAvya bhI camatkArayukta ho sakatA hai / zrAnandavardhana isa prakArake kAvya- sAmyake samarthaka haiM / isIko pUrva iloka meM "kaviranuharati cchAyAM" likhakara grAhya kahA gayA hai / kavitvazaktise rahita jo [vidvAn prapanI korI vidyAke zrAdhArapara ] jagatko prasanna [sukhI] banAnekA kleza uThAte haiM ve vidvAn mAno A~kheM mIMca kara parvatapara car3hane kA yatna karate haiN| [zrarthAt ve kabhI apane kArya meM saphala nahIM ho sakate haiM] unakA vaha prayAsa pravivekapUrNa hai // 12 // mUla granthakA maiGgalAcaraNa Uparake bAraha zloka granthakI avataraNikA rUpameM likhe gae the / ve mUla grantha ke bhAga na hokara usake vyAkhyAbhUta vivaraNake bhAga the / aba prAgese mUla grantha dhaura usakI vyAkhyAkA zrArambha hotA hai / jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai yaha grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai- eka mUla kArikA bhAga jisako sUtrabhAga bhI kahA jAtA hai, aura dUsarA usakA vyAkhyA - bhAga zrathavA vivaraNa bhAga kahalAtA hai| ina donoM bhAgoMke nirmAtA eka hI vyakti haiM / prarthAt sUtrakAroMne svayaM hI usapara vivaraNa bhI likhA hai / isalie mUla sUtra granthakA jo maGgala zloka thA usIko unhoMne apane vivaraNake prArambhameM maGgalazlokake rUpameM bhI de diyA hai / 'catuvargaphalAM' ityAdi zlokako hama isase pahile bhI dekha cuke haiM, vahI zloka aba phira zrA gayA hai| isakA yahI kAraNa | pahilI jagaha vivaraNa yA vyAkhyA-bhAgake maGgalazlokake rUpameM usako diyA gayA thA / ava use mUla sUtra-grantha ke maGgaladalokake rUpameM likhakara svayaM sUtrakAra hI usakI vyAkhyA kara rahe haiN| isa bAta ko samajha lenese zlokakI punarAvRtti se kisI prakArakA saMzaya yA bhrama utpanna nahIM hogA / 'sadAcAra ke paripAlana ke lie zraura vighna samudAyake nAza karanekelie sUtrakAra [arthAt mUla sUtra granthake nirmAtA rAmacandra guraNacandra ] sampUrNa granthake arthako stuti se yukta [pranthake prArambhameM namaskAra karane yogya ] samucita iSTadevatA [jainI vAk zrarthAt sarasvatI ] ke namaskAra -paraka zloka likhate haiM- [ sUtra 2] - [ dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa] caturvargAtmaka phalako pradAna karane vAlI [rAgAdi doSoMko jIta lene vAle zrata eva ] jinoM [prarthAt jina nAmase kahe jAne vAle santoM] kI [ usa] vAraNIko [ isa granthake nirmAtA hama donoM] namaskAra karate haiM jisane
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________________ kA0 1 sU0 1 ] prathamo vivekaH [ e 'caturvarge' ityAdi - caturvargo dharma-artha-kAma-mokSA, yathaucityaM pradhAnaM gau vA 'phalaM' yasyAH / samudAya samudAyinorabhedo'pyasti, tena puruSabhedena eka-dvi-tripuruSArtha phalatve'pi caturvargaphalatvaM na vihanyate / iSTalakSaNatvAcca phalasya yo yasya puruSArtho'bhISTaH sa tasya pradhAna, aparo gauNaH | 'nityam' ityanena AvazyakaM vAcaH catuvargaphalaM prati hetutvamucyate / arthApekSayA jinAnAmiyaM 'jainI' / jinopadiSTa' hyarthaM RSayo praznanti | 'vAcam' iti bhAratIm / 'upAsmahe' tadarthAnuSThAnena samIpe vartAmahe / samIpavRtyA ca tadekazaraNatmAtvamAtmanaH khyApitam / [apane prAcArAGga se lekara dRSTivAda paryanta prasiddha] bAraha rUpoMke dvArA samasta jagatko nyAyocita [ dharmAnukUla ] mArga meM niyantrita kiyA hai |1| 'caturvarga' ityAdi [vyAlyeya zloka kA pratIka bhAga hai / zrAge usakI vyAkhyA karate haiM] caturvarga arthAt dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa [rUpa cAroM puruSArtha prakaraNAnukUla] praucitya anusAra jisake pradhAna yA gauNa phala haiM [ vaha caturvagaMphalA vAraNI huI ] / samudAya zraura samudAya [zrarthAt samaSTi aura vyaSTi ] kA prabheda bhI [mAnA jAtA ] hai isalie puruSabhedase [kIM] eka [ kahIM ] do aura [kahIM] tIna puruSArthake phala honepara bhI caturvargaphalatva kA khaNDana nahIM hotA hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yahA~ jina vAraNIkA jo 'caturvargaphalatva' pratipAdana kiyA hai vaha sarvatra samAna rUpase ghaTita nahIM hotA hai / puruSabhedase usameM bheda pAyA jAtA hai / kahIM dharma artha kAmAdimeM se kevala eka hI phalakI prApti hotI hai / kahIM do phala bhI mila sakate haiM aura kahIM tIna yA cAra phala bhI mila sakate haiN| isalie jina vAragI kahIM ekaphalA, kahIM dviphalA, aura kahIM triphalA bhI ho sakatI hai / isalie yahA~ jo 'caturvargaphalatva' kahA hai so ucita nahIM hai / yaha zaGkA ho sakatI hai / isa zaGkAkA samAdhAna karanekelie granthakArane samudAya aura samudAyI arthAt samaSTi aura vyaSTi ke prabheda - siddhAntakA zrAzraya liyA hai / isa siddhAnta ke anusAra samudAyI arthAt vyaSTi rUpa dharma, artha Adi alaga-alaga vyaktiyoM aura una cAroMke samudAya arthAt samaSTiko abhinna mAnakara kevala eka, do yA tIna phaloM ke hone para bhI caturvargaphalatva bana jAtA hai| usameM koI doSa nahIM hotA hai / yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai / ye cAroM phala sarvatra samAna sthitimeM bhI nahIM hote haiM / koI pradhAna hotA hai prora koI gaurA / jo phala jisa samaya jisa vyaktiko vizeSa rUpase abhISTa hotA hai vaha usa samaya pradhAna phala kahalAtA hai aura zeSa phala gauraga kahalAte haiM / parantu vaha phala cAhe pradhAna rUpa ho athavA gauNa rUpa, pratyeka dazA meM caturvargaphalake bhItara ginA jAtA hai / tabhI una cAroMkI phalarUpatAkA upapAdana ho ukatA hai aisI bAtako prAge kahate haiM--- aura phalake iSTa hone se [arthAt abhISTa arthakI prAptike hI phala-pada- vAcya honese dharmAdi cAroM puruSArthomeMse jisa samaya ] jo puruSArtha jisako prabhISTa hai vaha usake lie pradhAna [ phala ] hotA hai aura pratya [puruSArtha ] gauraga [ phala ] hote haiM / [ 'caturvargaphaloM ke sAtha anvita hone vAle ] 'nityam' isa padase vAraNIkA caturvargaphalake prati Avazyaka - zranivArya --hetutva
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________________ 10 nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 1, sU01 'nityam' ityasyAtrApi sambandhAdupAsanasyAvicchittiH khyApitA / rUpANi aGgAnyAcArAdIni dRSTivAdaparyantAni / 'dvAdaza' prasiddhAni / saMkhyA nirdezena cAniyantritasaMkhyAyA jinavAcaH prastutAtulyatvena vyavacchedaH kathyate / ___ 'vizvam' iti smudaayaapekssmektvm| karmabhUmitvAt prAdhAnyavivakSayA manuSyaloko kA vizvam / 'nyAyye' nyAyAdanapete / 'dhRtama' vyavasthApitam / vyavasthApanasya kAlye'pi atItanirdezo'rthApekSayA vAco'nAditvakhyApanArthaH / 'pathi' iti puruSArthaprApaNopAyatvAdahiMsA-dAnAdikaM karma lakSyate / sUcita kiyA hai / ' [arthAt jinavANI avazya hI catuvargarUpa phalako pradAna karane vAlI hotI hai| yaha jina-vANI sarvatra sAkSAt zabdAtmaka hI ho yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai kintu] arthako apekSAse [rAgAdike vijetA ata eva 'jina' nAmase prasiddha santoM] jinoMkI yaha [vAraNI] 'jainI' vAga [kahI gaI hai| jinoM [ arthAt rAgAdi vijetA santoM ] ke dvArA batalAe hue prarthako hI RSi loga grantha rUpase likhate haiM / [isalie RSiyoMke granthoM meM likhI gaI bhASA sAkSAt jina-vANI na hote hue bhI 'prarthApekSayA' jinoMkI vANI 'jainI vAg' [kahI jA sakatI hai] 'vAcam' isa padase bhAratI [kA graharaNa hotA hai] / 'upAsmahe' isase usake anusAra pAcaraNa dvArA usake samIpameM upasthita hote haiM / samIpa rahane ke dvArA apane ekamAtra usake zaraNagatvakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| 'nityam' isa padakA anvaya eka bAra pahile 'caturvargaphalAM' ke sAtha kara cuke haiM / kintu dubArA 'upAsmahe' ke sAtha bhI granthakAra usakA anvaya karanA cAhate haiN| aura isa prakAra upAsanAkI nityatA yA nirantaratA sUcita karanA cAhate haiM / isalie agalI paMktimeM ve apane isa abhiprAyako vyakta karate hue likhate haiM "nityam isa [pada kA yahA~ [upAsmahe padake sAtha] bhI anvaya honese upAsanAkA aviccheda [narantarya] sUcita kiyA hai / [bAraha] rUpa arthAt prAcArAdise lekara dRSTivAda paryanta bAraha aGga prasiddha haiN| [dvAdaza isa] saMkhyA nirdezase aniyata-saMkhyA vAlI jina-vANIke prastuta [arthAt dvAdaza saMkhyA vAle rUpakabhedoM ke sAtha samAnatA na honese vyavaccheda kiyA gayA hai / ___ isakA yaha abhiprAya huA ki jinoMkI vANI to anya viSayoMse sambandha rakhane vAlI aneka prakArako ho sakatI hai kintu yahA~ usa sabakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA haiN| dvAdazAGga vAlI jina-vANIkI hI prastuta dvAdaza prakArake rUpakoMke sAtha samAnatA ho sakatI hai isalie AcArAGgase lekara dRSTivAda paryanta dvAdaza aGgoMkA pratipAdana karane vAlI jina-vANIko hI yahA~ namaskAra kiyA hai| ___'vizvam' isa padameM samudAyako dRSTise eka vacana [kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / [arthAt usa ekavacanase samaSTi rUpase sAre carAcara jagatkA grahaNa karanA cAhie] / athavA karmabhUmi [arthAt karma-yoni] honeke kAraNa pradhAnatAko vivakSAseM [kevala] manuSyaloka [yahA~] 'vizva' [padase abhipreta ho sakatA hai| [dharmapayyarthanyAyAdanapete aSTA0 isa sUtrase nyAya-zabdase yatpratyaya karake 'nyAyya' zabdakI siddhi hotI hai| isalie] 'nyAyya' arthAt nyAyase anapeta [nyAyAnukUla mArga] meM / 'dhRtam' arthAt vyavasthita kiyA / [isa] vyavasthApanake akAlika hone
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________________ kA0 1, sU01 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 11 2--prathAbhineyavAkyaparatayA zloko'yaM vyAkhyAyate / yadyapi sAkSAt dharmaartha-kAmaphalAnyeva nATakAdIni tathApi 'rAmavad vartitavyaM na rAvaNa vad' iti heyopAdeya-hAnopAdAnaparatayA, dharmasya ca mokSahetutayA mokSo'pi pAramparyeNa phalam / 'nityam' ityanena caturvargaphalAnyeva rUpakANi nibandhanIyAni iti khyaapyte| jinAnAM rAgAdijetRNAM lakSaNapraNayanApekSeyaM 'jainii'| na nAma sarvatropadiSTaM lakSaNaM na / navekSA'rvAcInadRzaH saMkSepavistarAbhyAM tat katu prabhavanti / para bhI arthAt jina-vAraNIke dvArA jagatko nyAya-mArgameM vyavasthita karanekA kArya, bhUta bhaviSya vartamAna tInoM kAloMmeM hI hotA rahatA hai phira bhI 'dhRtam' padameM pratItakAlake sUcaka kta-pratyayake dvArA kevala pratIta-kAlakA nirdeza vANIke anAditvako sUcita karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai| 'pathi' mArga meM isa [pada] se [dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa] puruSArthoke prApta karanekA upAya honeke kAraNa ahiMsA dAna Adi karmakA grahaNa [pathi padase hotA hai| [arthAt jinoMkI vANIne vizvako ahiMsA dAna prAdi karmoM meM lagAyA yaha 'pathi dhRtam' kA artha hai| maGgala zlokakI dUsarI vyAkhyA yahA~ taka vivaraNakArane maGgalazlokako sAmAnya maGgalAcaraNa-paraka vyAkhyAkI hai| prAge ve isakI dUsare prakArakI vyAkhyA kreNge| isa dUsarI vyAkhyAkA sambandha prakata nATakAdi rUpa viSayake sAtha hogaa| isalie isameM 'vAcam' zabdase sAmAnya vAraNI mAtrakA grahaNa na hokara kevala nATakAdi rUpa vANIkA hI grahaNa kiyA jaaygaa| zeSa padoMke arthoM meM to koI vizeSa antara nahIM kiyA gayA hai kintu unakI vyAkhyA nATakAdiparaka rUpase bhinna prakArase dikhalAI hai| usIko agale anucchedameM likhate haiM - aba Age abhineya-vAkya [arthAt nATaka Adi paraka rUpase isa zlokako [dUsare prakArase vyAkhyA karate haiM / yadyapi sAkSAt rUpase nATaka prAdi [bArahoM prakArake rUpaka] dharma, artha aura kAma [ina tInoMmeMse hI kisI eka] phalako hI pradAna karane vAle hote haiM [arthAt mokSa rUpa caturtha phalake sAdha nATakAdikA koI sAkSAt sambandha nahIM hotA hai] phira bhI 'rAmake samAna AcaraNa karanA cAhie rAvaNake samAna nahIM' isa prakArako heya [arthAt parityAga karane yogya adharmAcaraNa aura upAdeya [arthAt grahaNa karane yogya dharmAcaraNa] ke [kramazaH] hAna [arthAt parityAga] aura upAdAna [arthAt grahaNa] paraka honese [nATakAdi mokSake prati bhI paramparayA kAraNa ho sakate haiN| isalie mokSako bhI unakA phala kahA jA sakatA hai / isakA dUsarA kAraNa bhI agalI paMktimeM dete haiM ki] aura dharmake [bhI] mokSajanaka honese paramparAse mokSa bhI [nATikAdikA] phala ho sakatA hai / 'nityam' isa [pada se caturvarga rUpa phala ke sAdhaka, athavA caturvarga rUpa phalako pradarzita karane] vAle hI nATakAdi kI racanA [kaviyoMko] karanI cAhie yaha bAta ["nityam' padase sUcita kI gaI hai / [jainI isa padameM 'jina' padase tasyedam aSTA0 isa sUtrake dvArA zraga -pratyaya karake 'jano' pada banatA haiM / isalie usakA artha] jinAnAmiya jaino jinoMkI yaha / arthAt jina-sambandhinI dhAraNI yaha hotA hai / aura 'jina' zabdase rAgAdike vijetA santoMkA grahaNa hotA hai isalie 'jinoM' arthAt rAga Adiko yaza meM kara lenevAloMkI yaha vAsI sAkSAt rUpase jinaprokta na
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________________ 12 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 1, sU01 'vAcam' nATakAcAM, 'upAsmahe' parizIlayAmaH / 'nityama' iti atrApi sambabhyate / satatAparizIlitAbhineyavAco hi kuto nAmaucityavAdino bhaveyuH / - rUpyante abhinIyante iti rUpANi nATakAdIni / anabhinayAnAM rUpazabdApratIteH sAmAnyanirdeze'pi vAco'bhineyatvaM labhyate / bhUribhedatve'pyabhineyavAco 'dvAdabhiH ' iti prastutaprakaraNApekSam / vizvam' iti pUrvavat , samavakArAdInAM deva-daityacaritavyutpAdakatvAt / 'pathi' iti yazaHsampadupAyatvAta kRtyaM lakSAta / nAyaka-pratinAyakayohi nayAnayaphalopadazanena nATakAdibhi-du dontacetasAM nyAyAdanapete kRtye pravRttirvyavasthApyate / atrApi vyAkhyAne zraddhAparatvena namaskAraparataiva zlokasya / vyAkhyeya-vyA. khyAnayorekakata katvakhyApanArthamayameva zloko vivaraNasyApyAdAvadhIta iti // 1 // hone para bhI mUla rUpameM] lakSaNoMkI racanAko dRSTise 'jainI' [vAraNI kahI jA sakatI hai| [yahA~para yaha zaGkA ho sakatI hai ki nATakAyike lakSaNa to bharatAdike granthoM meM sarvatra pAe jAte haiM phira unako jina-praNIta kaise kaha sakate haiN| isakA uttara denekI dRSTi se agalI raktimeM likhate haiM ki sarvatra upadiSTa artha lakSaNa na ho aisI bAta nahIM hai| [kyoMki mUla rUpase jinoM dvArA praNIta lakSaNoMko ho] navIna dRSTivAle bAdake [bharata prAdi muni saMkSepa .aura vistArake dvArA unako [phira kara sakate haiN| 'vAcam' arthAt nATakAdi rUpa [vAraNI] ko| 'upAsmahe' arthAt hama parizolita nirUpita karate haiN| prathama vyAkhyAmeM bhI 'nityaM' padakA sambandha 'caturvagaMphalAM' aura 'upAsmahe' donoM padoMke sAtha kiyA gayA thaa| isI prakAra isa dvitIya vyAkhyAne bhI donoMke sApa sambandha mAnA hai| isI bAta ko prAge likhate haiM ki 'nityam' yaha pada pahale caturvargaphalA ke sAtha eka bAra anvita ho cukA hai kintu dubArA yahAM [upAsmaheke sAtha] bhI anvita hotA hai| 'upAsmahe ke sAtha 'nityam' padake sambandhase yaha abhiprAya nikalatA hai ki nATaka prAdikA nirantara parizIlana karane se hI nATakake lakSaNAdikA nirUparaNa ThIka tarahase kiyA jA sakatA hai / anyathA] abhinaya vAraNI [arthAt nATakAdi kA nirantara anuzIlana na karane vAle [nATakalakSaNakAra arthAt nATyazAstrake viSayapara graMtha likhane vAle vidvAn] praucitya ko pratipAdana karane vAle [arthAt nATakAdimeM ucita niyamoMke pratipAdaka ] kaise ho sakate haiM ? nATakAdikA nirantara parizIlana na karanevAle vidvAn anubhavahIna hone ke kAraNa nATakAdike lakSaNa aura praucitya AdikA pratipAdana nahIM kara sakate haiN| isalie hamane arthAt isa granthake praNetA rAmacandra aura guNacandrane nATakoMkA satata parizIlana karake anubhava prApta karaneke bAda hI isa granthakI racanAkA sAhasa kiyA hai yaha granthakArakA nigUr3ha abhiprAya hai| mAge graMthakAra rUpaka zabdako vyutpatti dvArA yaha dikhalAte haiM ki nATakoM ke lie 'rUpaka zabdakA prayoga kyoM hotA hai| rUpita arthAt abhinaya dvArA pradarzita kiye jAte haiM, isalie nATakAdi 'rUpa' yA rUpaka kahalAte haiN| jinakA abhinaya nahIM hotA hai unako 'rUpa' zabdase pratIti na honeke kAraNa
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________________ ------ ----- --- - ----- - --- - kA02, sU02 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 13 atha lakSaNasya viSayaM pratijAnIte-- (sUtra 2)-abhineyasya kAvyasya bhUribhedabhRtaH kiyat / kiyato'pi prasiddhasya dRSTaM lakSma pracakSmahe // 2 // yahA~ vANIkA sAmAnya nirdeza honepara bhI usase abhineya [nATakAdi rUpa vAraNI] kA ho grahaNa hotA hai / abhineya [nATakAdi rUpa vANoke bArahase adhika bahutase bheda honepara bhI 'dvAdazamiH' bAraha yaha pada] prastuta prakaraNake anusAra kahA gayA hai / "vizvas' yaha pada pUrva [mAyA ke samAna [yahA~ isa dvitIya vyAyAmeM bhI samudAyako dRSTise ekavacanameM prayukta huSA hai| kyoMki nAyake bheda rUpa samaskAra prAdimeM deva tathA daitya prAdike carita kA pradarzana honese nATya samasta vizvase hI sambandha rakhatA hai] / 'pathi' yaha [pada] yaza: sampAdanakai upAya honese utsama kAryoMko bodhita karatA hai| nAyaka aura pratinAyakake dharma aura adharma ke phaloMko dikhalAkara nATakAdi durdAntacitta [pramiyoM ke vyavahArako bhI nyAyya mArgameM vyavasthita karate haiN| isa [dUsarI] vyAkhyAmeM bhI zraddhAparaka honese yaha zloka namaskAra sUcaka hI samajhanA trAhie / vyAkhyeya [bhUla kArikAnAga aura vyAlyA [arthAt isa vivaraNa donoMke kartA abhinna honese isI zlokako vivaraNa ke prArambhameM bhI de diyA gayA hai| yahA~para yaha mUla graMthako kArikAke rUpameM pAyA hai| ataH usakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| pahalI bAra vivaraNake maGgalazlokake rUpameM diyA gayA thA / ataH usakI vyAkhyA yahA~ nahIM kI gaI thI] // 1 // pratipAdya viSaya prathama zlokameM maGgalAcaraNa karane ke bAda aba dvitIya kArikAmeM granthakAra apane grantha ke pratipAdya viSayakA digdarzana karAte haiN| jaisA ki grantha ke nAmase hI spaSTa hai nATyase sambandha rakhane vAle lakSaraNoM prAdikA pratipAdana hI isa granthakA mukhya evaM pradhAna pratipAdya viSaya kahA jA sakatA hai| ina lakSaNa trAdikA pratipAdana bhI granthakAra pUrvapraNIta bharatamuni ke 'nATyazAstra' prAdike aAdhArapara kareMge / isIlie mUla kArikAmeM kahA hai.---'dRSTaM lakSma pracakSmahe' arthAta pUrva-pratipAdita lakSaNoM ke prAdhArapara hI hama lakSaNa Adi likheMge / antara itanA hai ki bharatamunike samAna nATyake sAre viSayoMkA aura sAre bhedoMkA pratipAdana na kara ke kucha cune bhedoM aura viSayoMkA hI lakSaNa kareMge aura vaha bhI bahuta vistArake sAtha nahIM apitu saMkSepameM kreNge| isI dRSTise kArikAmeM 'kiyato'pi' aura 'ki yat lakSma pracakSmahe' do jagaha 'viyata' padakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / pahalI jagaha 'kiyato'pi' kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAre nATyabhedoMkA nahIM apitu kevala kucha bhedoMkA hI lakSaNa kreNge| dUsarI jagaha "kiyat' padakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vistArapUrvaka lakSaNa na karake kucha thor3AsA hI saMkSipta lakSaNa kreNge| isI bAta ko Age likhate haiM aba lakSaraNa arthAt] zAstra ke viSayakA pratipAdana [ko pratijJA karate haiM--- sUtra 2]-bahuta prakArake bhedoMse yukta abhineya-kAvya [arthAt nAya] meMse kucha prasiddha bhedoM] ke [bharata nATyazAstra AdimeM vistArapUrvaka pUrva-dRSTa kucha arthAt saMkSipta] lakSaNa hama [apane isa granthameM Age] kaha rahe haiM / 2 /
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________________ 14 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 2, sa02 'abhineyasya' vAcika-mANika-sAtvika-AhAyara bhinayaH pratyakSIbhavanayogyasya / sUtrakArAbhiprAyApekSaM caitat , tena rasa-bhAva-nAyaka-nAyikAdilakSaNasya abhineyaM prati pravRttasya anabhineyavyApitve'pi na virodhaH / 'kAvyasya' varNanAtmanaH zabdArthagranthanasya kavivyApArasya / 'bhUrIn' rasapradhAnAn nATakAdIna, apradhAnarasAMzca durmilita-zrIgadita-bhANI-prasthAna-rAsakAdIn 'bhedAn' vibhani / 'kiyat' iti anAntarIyakasya raGgasandhyantarAlAdilakSaNasya parihAreNa vakSyamANaprabandhadvAdazakaprathananAntarIyakaM katipayaM lakSmeti yogH| 'kiyato'pi' lakSaNavidhAvabhipretasya / tena kohala: zItalakSmANaH sATakAdayo na lakSyante / lakSaNIyabAhulye'pi hi yAvatyeva bhAge layituH zraddhA tAvAne va lakSyate / kiyato'pi ca 'prasiddhasya' rasaprAdhAnyAdakhilalokaraJjakatayA khyAtasya nATakAdeH / 'dRSTa' pUrvamunipraNItanATyalakSaNapaurvAparyaparAmarzena upayuktatayA nizcitam / evaM ca svamanISikAnirAsena lakSaNasyopAdeyatvamuttam / lakSati abhine yAdanabhineyAcca kiyato'pi vyavacchinattIti 'lakSma' lakSaNam / 'cakSmahe' sArAsAropAdAnahAnAbhyAM saMkSepa-vistarAbhyAM ca prakarSeNa brUmahe / evaM cAparapraNItalakSaNotyakarSeNa niSprayojanatvamapAstamiti / / 2 / / 'abhineya [kAvya] ke' arthAt vAcika, prAGgika, sAttvika [arthAt mAnasa aura prAhArya [arthAt veSa-bhUSAtmaka cAra prakArake] aminayoMke dvArA pratyakSa hone yogya [nAvya] kA [lakSaraNa kaheMge] / yaha bAta sUtrakArake abhiprAyako dRSTi se kahI hai / isalie rasa bhAva nAyaka-nAyikA prAdike jo lakSaNa abhineya [kAvya kI dRSTise kiye gae haiM unake anabhineya arthAt zravya-kAvya meM pAe jAne para bhI virodha nahIM hotA hai| 'kAvyakA' arthAt varNanAtmaka zabda aura arthake granthana rUpa kavike vyApArakA / 'bahutase' arthAt rasa-pradhAna nATaka prAvi, aura gauNa rasa vAle durmilita, zrIgadita, bhAraNI, prasthAna aura rAsaka Adi bhedoMko dhAraNa karane vAle [yaha 'bhUribhedabhRtaH' padakA prartha huA] / 'kiyat' isase anAvazyaka raGga sandhyantarAla prAdike lakSaNoMko chor3akara pAge kahe jAne vAle bAraha prakArake prabandhoMkI racanAke lie pAvazyaka 'kucha' lakSaNoMko kaheMge yaha sambandha [yA abhiprAya] hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha huA ki bharatamuni-praNIta nATyazAstra AdimeM raGgazAlAke nirmANa prAdike viSayako bahuta sUkSma vivecana karate hue atyanta vistArake sAtha pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / prakRta pranthakArane usa viSayako bilkula chor3a diyA hai / unhoMne apane kSetrakA bahuta vistAra na karake sImita kSetrako hI apanA viSaya banAyA hai usakI dRSTi se jitanA bhAga atyanta Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai usIkA pratipAdana yahA~ kiyA hai / aura vaha bhI abhineya kAnyake kevala kucha bhedoMke sambandhameM hI likhA gayA hai| bAraha prakArake abhineyakAvyake bhedoMkI vivecanA hI isa granthameM kI gaI hai| ataH granthakArakA kSetra una bhedoMkI vivecanA taka hI sImita hai| isa bAtako Age likhate haiM "kiyato'pi' arthAt grantha [lakSaNavidhi] meM abhipreta phucha chor3e-se [bhedoM] kA [hI lakSaNa kareMge] / isalie [nAjyazAstrake bharatamunise bhI prAcInatara prAcArya] kohala praNIta sATaka [saTTaka] mAdikA lakSaNa yahAM nahIM kiyA gayA hai / lakSaNIya [arthAt abhi neya
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________________ kA0 3-4, sU03 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 15 atha vyaktibhedAnuddeze, niyataM na zakyate lakSaNamAkhyAtumiti tAnudizati[sUtra 3]-nATakaM prakaraNaM ca nATikA prakaraNyatha / / vyAyogaH samavakAro bhANaH prahasanaM DimaH // 3 // kAvyoM kA bAhulya [bahutAyata] honepara bhI jitane bhAgameM ['lakSayituH' lakSaNa karane vAle arthAt] granthakArako zraddhA [icchA] hai utane hI bhAgake [arthAta kevala bAraha bhevoMke hI lakSaNa karate haiN| aura "kiyato'pi ca prasiddhasya' kucha prasiddha abhineya-kAvyoM kA prati rasakI pradhAnatA honeke kAraNa samasta jagatke pAlhAdake kAraNa rUpase prasiddha nATaka prAdikA [hI lakSaNa kareMge] / 'dRSTa' arthAt [bharata prAdi pUrvamuniyoM ke dvArA race gae nAvya lakSaNoM ke tAratamya [paurvAparya kA vicAra karake upayuktatayA nizcaya kie hue [lakSaNako kaheMge / isa prakAra ['dRSTaM' padake prayoga dvArA pUrvAcAryoMke lakSaNoMke upAdeyatA-tAratamyakI vivecanA karake lakSaNa kaheMge isa bAtako sUcita karanese apanI kalpanAmAtrake nirAsa dvArA lakSaNoMko upAdeyatAkA pratipAdana kiyA hai| [prAge 'lakSaNam' zabdakA artha karate haiM, jo abhineya paura kucha anabhineyoMse bhI pRthak karatA hai vaha lakSaNa hai ['samAnAsamAnajAtIyavyavacchedo hi lakSaraNArthaH'] isake anusAra samAnajAtIya anya abhineya kAvyoMse aura asamAnajAtIya anabhineya kAyoMse bhinna karane vAle hI nATaka prAdike lakSaNa hote haiN| yaha bAta isa paMktise sUcita ko hai ] / 'prakRSTarUpase kaha rahe haiM' arthAt [pUrvAcAryoMke lakSaNoM se sAra bhAgako grahaNa karake aura prasAra bhAgako tyAga kara aura saMkSepa tathA vistArake dvArA [arthAt jahA~ pUrvAcAryone bahuta saMkSepa kara diyA hai vahA~ kucha vistAra karake aura jahAM unhoMne adhika vistAra kiyA hai vahA~ saMkSepa karake] prakRSTarUpase kaha rahe haiN| isa prakAra anyoMke race lakSaNoMse utkarSa dikhalAkara [apanI racanAke niSprayojanatvakA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai [arthAt upayogitA pradarzita karadI hai] // 2 // rUpakoM ke bheda jaisAki granthakAra prathama maGgala-zlokameM saMketa kara cuke haiM isa granthameM bAraha prakArake rUpaka-bhedoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA jaaygaa| isalie agalI do kArikAoMmeM granthakAra una bAraha bhedoMke nAma ginAte haiN| isa nAma ginAnekI prakriyAko zAstrIya paribhASAmeM 'uddeza' zabdase kahA jAtA hai / 'uddeza' zabdakA artha 'nAmamAtreNa vastusaGkIrtanaM uddezaH' arthAt nAmamAtrase vastukA kathana karanA 'uddeza' kahalAtA hai yaha kiyA gayA hai| prAyaH zAstroMmeM uddeza lakSaNa aura parIkSA ina tIna prakArake upAyoMke dvArA apane viSayakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai / usa paddhatikA hI avalambana karake granthakAra yahA~ rUpaka-bhedoMkA nAmamAtrase kathana yA 'uddeza' ina do kArikAoM meM kara rahe haiM / phira Age unake lakSaNa prAdi kreNge| [sUtra 3]-1 nATaka aura 2. prakaraNa, tathA 3. nATikA, 4. prakaraNI evaM 5. gyAyoga, 6. samavakAra, 7. bhAraNa, 8. prahasana, 6. Dima / 10. utsRSTikAGka, 11. IhAmRga, 12. vIyo [ye bAraha rUpakake bheda hote haiN| unameMse nATaka prakaraNa nATikA aura prakaraNI ye] cAra [bheda kaziko, sAtvatI prArabhaTI tathA bhAratI rUpa] saba vRttiyoMse yukta hote haiM aura bAdake pATha [rUpaka bheda] kazikovRttise rahita
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________________ 16] nATyadarpaNama sa IhAmRgo vIthI catvAraH sarvavRttayaH / trivRttayaH pare svaSTau kaizikI parivarjanAt ||4 // 'cakAraH' sarvapuruSArthaphalatvena mahApuruSopadezArhacaritatvena ca prabandheSu nATakaprakaraNayoH prAdhAnyamAha / 'atha' - zabdo nATikAdicatuSTyAd apUrNasandhitvena viSkambhaka pravezakA yogyatvena anupadezArhacaritaprAyatvena ca uttareSAM pArthakyaM * jJAparyAta | 'aGka' iti utsRSTikAGkI, na punaravasthAsamAptyAdirUpaH / zraGkavatAM madhye pAThAt chando'nurodhAcca ekadezenAbhidhAnam / [ kA0 3-4, sU0 3 'catvAraH' iti prakraraNyantA vyaktibhedAH / 'sarvA' guNa pradhAnabhAvena catasro'pi vRttayoM bhAratI-sAtvatI-ArabhaTI-kaizikyo vakSyamANalakSaNA yatra / 'tisro' bhAratIsAtvatI-ArabhaTyo vyastAH samastA vA vRttayo yeSu / atra ca yeSu vyAyoga- samavakAra- IhAmRga - DimeSu ekasyA vRtterna rlakSaNe prAdhAnyanirdezasteSu vyaktibhedena pRthaka-pRthagekaikasyA vRtteH kavisvecchayA prAdhAnya' nibadhyate / yeSu tu bhedeSu bhAraNa-prahasana - utsRSTikAGka vo Su yasyA vRtteH prAdhAnyanirdezasteSu prativyakti tasyA eva prAdhAnyamaparayogauNatvamalpatvAbhAvo vA / 'kaizikyAH' pari sAmastyena 'varjanaM' abhAvaH / yadyapi samavakAre zRGgAratvamasti tathApi na tatra kaizikI / na khalu kAmamAtra zRGgAraH, kintu vilAsotkarSaH / na cAsau raudraprakRtInAM netRNAm / zRGgArazabdazca tatra kAmamAtraparyavasAyIti // / 3-4|| honeke kAraNa [ kevala sAsvatau prArabhaTI tathA bhAratI ina] tIna prakArakI vRttiyoMse yukta ho hote haiM / 3-4 / [kArikA meM 'prakaraNaM' ke bAda jhAyA huA ] cakAra, samasta [ prarthAt cAroM prakArake ] puruSArthIke pradAna karane vAle honese tathA mahApuruSoMke upadeza-yogya caritrase yukta hone ke kAraNa [bArahoM prakArake ina ] prabandhoM [prabhineya-kAvyoM] meM nATaka tathA prakaraNakI pradhAnatAko sUcita karatA hai / [ 'prakararaNoM' ke bAda prayukta huA ] atha zabda 1. sampUrNa [arthAt Age kahI jAne vAlI pA~ca prakArako ] sandhiyoMse yukta na honeke kAraNa, 2. viSkambhaka tathA pravezaka [ inake lakSaNa mAge kie jAyeMge] ke prayogya honese, aura 3. upadeza pradAna karanemeM asamartha caritroMse pUrNa honeke kAraraNa [ vyAyogase lekara vIthI paryanta ] agale zrATha [ bhedoM] kA nATakAdi [ prathama cAra bhedoM] se bheda sUcita karatA hai| [kArikA meM prAe hue ] 'praGka' zabda se 'ussRSTikAGka' kA [ grahaNa karanA cAhie] avasthA samApti prAdi rUpa praGkoMkA nahIM / prayukta [ nATakAdi ] ke madhyameM paThita honese chandake anurodha se [ utsRSTikAGka pUrA zabda na kahakara ] ekadeza [ zraGka-pada] se kathana kiyA gayA hai / [cAra] arthAt [nATakase lekara ] 'prakaraNI' paryanta [ rUpakoMke ] vyakti bheda / [sarvavRttayaH saba vRttiyoMse yukta hote haiN| isakA artha karate haiM] saba arthAt guraNabhAva yA pradhAnabhAvase bhAratI, sAtvatI zrArabhaTI tathA kaizikI cAroM vRttiyA~ jisameM rahatI haiN| [ve nATakAdi cAra bheda saba vRttiyoMse yukta hote haiM / zrAge 'trivRttayaH' kA artha karate haiM] tIna arthAt bhAratI, sAttvatI tathA zrArabhaTI [nAmaka tIna ] vRttiyA~ alaga-alaga [ vyasta ] athavA sammi
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________________ kA05, sU0 4 ] prathamo viveka [ 17 atha yathoddezaM lakSaNamAha[sUtra 4]-khyAtAdharAjacaritaM dharmakAmArthasatphalam sAGkopAya-dazA-sandhi-divyAGgaM tatra nATakam // // lita rUpase [samastA] jinameM rahatI haiM [ve vyAyogase lekara vIthI paryanta pATha rUpakabheda 'trivRttayaH' tIna vRttiyoM vAle hote haiN| inameM jina vyAyoga, samavakAra IhAmRga aura DimameM unake lakSaNoM meM eka-eka vRttike prAdhAnyakA nirdeza [kiyA huA hai unameM vyakti-bhedase kavi apanI svecchAse eka-eka vRttiko pradhAna rUpase nibaddha karatA hai / aura jina bhedoMmeM arthAt bhAraNa prahasana, utsRSTikAGka aura vIthImeM jisa [vizeSa] vRttikA nAma lekara] prAdhAnyakA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai unameM [kavi apanI svecchAse nahIM apitu usI nirdezake anusAra usI vRttiko pradhAna rUpase aura anya donoM [vRttiyoM kI gauraNa rUpase athavA alpatAke kAraNa sarvathA prabhAvako [upanibaddha karatA hai / Age 'kaizikoparivarjanAt' kA artha karate haiM-] kaizikI [vRtti kA 'pari' arthAt sampUrNatayA varjana arthAt abhAva honero cyAyogase lekara vIthI paryanta pATha bheda kevala tIna vRttiyoM vAle hote haiM] / yadyapi samavakArameM zRGgAratva [zRGgArakA bhAva kAma pradarzita hotA hai kintu phira bhI [zRGgArameM honevAlI] kaizikI-vRtti vahA~ nahIM rahatI hai| kyoMki kevala sAdhAraNa kAmakA hI nAma zRGgAra nahIM hai kintu [usake] vilAsa kA utkarSa [udAttIkaraNa zRGgAra zabdase kahA jAtA hai / samavakArameM sAmAnya laukika kAmavyApAramAtrakA pravarzana hotA hai usake vilAsotkarSa yA udAttIkaraNakA nahIM] / kyoMki [vaha] samavakArameM prastuta kie jAne vAle [raudra-prakRtike] pAtroM meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie samayakArameM yathArtha zRGgArakA pradarzana sambhava nahIM hai, aura usameM prayukta zRGgAra zamba kevala [sAmAnya] kAma mAtrakA bodhaka hai| isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki tIna vRttiyoM vAle pATha mpaka-bhedoMmeMse samavakAra meM yadyapi kAmako pravRttiyoMkA darzana hotA hai kintu usako udAtta rUpa na honese zRGgAra zabdase nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / isalie usameM kaizikI vRttikA upayoga nahIM hotA hai| ata eva vyAyoga Adi anya sAta bhedoMke sAtha, kAma-yukta hone para bhI samavakArako kaizikI-vRtti hIna kevala tIna vRttiyoM vAle vargameM rakhA gayA hai / / 3-4 // 1 nATaka lakSaNa pichalI kArikAmoM meM granthakArane rUpakake vAraha pradhAna bhedoMkA 'uddeza' arthAt 'nAmamAtreNa vastusaGgItaMna' kiyA hai / 'trividhA ca zAstrasya pravRttiH, uddezo lakSaNaM parIkSA ca' isa siddhAntake anusAra 'uddeza' ke bAda lakSaNakA avasara prAtA hai| ata eva prAge granthakAra uddezake kramase hI lakSaNoMkA nirUpaNa prArambha karate haiM / uddezakramameM sabase pahale nATakakA nAma pAyA hai isalie sabase pahale nATakakA hI lakSaNa karate haiN| aba uddeza kramake anusAra [nATakake] lakSaraNako kahate haiM-- [sUtra 4] una [rUpaka-bhedoM] meMse dharma, artha aura kAma [rUpa trividha] phalAvAlA, praGka, upAya, dazA, sandhise yukta, devatA prAvi jisameM [pradhAna nAyakake aGga arthAt sahAyaka hoM, isa prakArakA pUrvakAlake prasiddha rAjAnoMkA carita [pradarzita karanevAlA abhineya kAvya] nATaka [nAmase kahA jAtA hai / /
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________________ 18 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA05, sU04 khyAtAgharAjasya caritaM yatretyanyapadArthaH / iha khyAtatvaM vidhA, nAmnA, ceSTitena, dezena ca / kauzAmyAM caritaM vatsarAjenaiva rajakam / caritamapi vatsarAjasya / kauzAmyAM vAsavadattAlAbhAdikameva / vAsavadattAlAbhAdikaM vatsarAjasya kauzAmbyAmeva / caritakhyAtatvaM ca prdhaancritaapekssyaa| tatastadanuyAyIni ranjakatvArthamakhyAtAmyapi caritAni kriyante / tena bahuSu rAmaprabandheSu sItAharaNAnayanopAyAnAM yuddhAnAM gauNa pAtrANi / apareSAM ca bhaNitivizeSAdInAM bhede'pi na virodhaH / pUrvakAlake prasiddha rAjAkA caritra jisameM pradarzita kiyA gayA ho vaha [khyAtAyarAmacarita' abhineya kAvya huA], yaha anya-padArthapradhAna [bahuvrIhisamAsa 'khyAtAyarAmacarita' isa pada meM kiyA gayA hai| isameM prasivasva tIna prakArase hotA hai, 1 nAsase [prasidatva), 2kAyoMse ceSTitena prasiddhatva praura 3 dezase prasiddhatva / [mAge ina tInoM prakArake prasidatvako udAharaNoM dvArA spaSTa rUpase dikhalAte haiN| jaise nAmakI prasisikA udAharaNa yaha hai ki kauzAmbImeM carita [arthAta cahAeM abhinaya vatsarAja ke nAma se hI harayAkarSaka hotA hai| arthAta isa rUpameM vatsarAja nAmase nAyaka udayanakA khyAtatva banatA hai| dUsarA caritase prasiddhakA udAharaNa dikhalAte haiM] aura vatsarAja [uvayana] kA kauzAmbomeM vAsavadattA-prAti rUpa carita hI [hatyAkarSaka hotA hai| yaha parita kAryoM dvArA prasiddhikA udAharaNa hmaa| isoko tIsare prakArase badala denepara] batsarAja [udayana kA vAsavadattAlAbhArika [carita] kauzambImeM hI [haNyAkarSaka hotA hai yaha dezase prasiddhikA udAharaNa humA / arthAt eka vatsarAjake caritrameM hI tInoM prakArako prasihi bAI jAtI hai / yaha caritrakI khyAti pradhAna nAyakako dRSTise ho [lI bAto] hai| isalie zobhAdhAna kelie usa [praSAna-nAyaka] ke anuyAyI prasiddha caritra bhI [nATakameM upanivaDa] kie jAte haiN| isalie bahutase rAma-kAmyoMmeM sItA haraNa tathA punaH prAlike yuToMmeM gauNa pAtra [bhI pAe jAte haiM] / aura anya [bhapradhAna pAtroM ko uktiyoMmeM [bhinna-bhinna nATakoM meM biroba honepara bhI doSa nahIM hotA hai| ___vahAM granthAkArane 'nAmnA, ceSTitena dezena ca' tInoM prakArakI prasidi eka vatsarAja udayana ke caritrameM hI dikhalAI hai| aura usakelie tIna bhinna-bhinna sthAnoMpara 'ebakAra' kA prayoga kiyA hai / 'kauzAmvyAM caritaM vatsarAjenaiva rjkm'| isa vAkyameM 'eva kAra' dvArA vatsarAja nAmapara bala diyA gayA hai / arthAt kauzAmbI meM vahA~ke pUrvavartI rAbA vatsarAja udayanakA nAma prasiddha hai isalie vahAM unakA caritra hI logoMko priya lagatA hai| yaha 'vatsarAjenaiva' meM vatsarAjake sApa prayukta 'ekkAra' kA abhiprAya hai| dUsarI jagaha 'paritamapi vatsarAjasya kauzAmvyAM vAsavadattalAbhAdikameva' meM prayukta 'evakAra' vAsavadatAM-prApti rUpa caritake Upara hI bala detA hai| arthAt vatsarAja udayanake panya caritra itane hRdayAkarSaka nahIM hai jitanA ki vAsavadattA-prAptikA vRttAnta / yaha 'ceSTitena' prasiddhikA udAharaNa humA / tIsarI jagaha 'vAsavadattA lAbhAdikaM vatsarAjasya kauzAmmyAmeva' yahA~ 'kauzAmbI' ke sApa prayukta 'evakAra' kauzAmbI rUpa dezapara vizeSa bala detA hai| paryAda vatsarAja udayanakA vAsavadattA-lAbharUpa carita bhI kevala kauzAmbI meM hI vizeSa rUpase lokapriya hai bhanyA nhiiN|
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________________ kA0 4, sU0 4 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 16 Adya eti pUrvaH tena vartamAnabhaviSya tornirAsaH / kavinA hi raJjanArthaM kizcit sadayupekSyate, kicidasadapyAdriyate / vartamAne ca naisari tatkAlaprasiddhibAdhayA rasahAniH syAt / pUrva mahApuruSacariteSu ca azraddhAnaM syAt / bhaviSyatastu vRttaM caritamapi na bhavati / caryate sma caritamityatItanirdezAt / yaha 'dezena' prasiddhikA udAharaNa hai / isa prakAra eka vatsarAja udayana ke caritrameM hI tInoM prakArako prasiddhike udAharaNa granthakArane dikhalA die haiN| vartamAna caritroM ke abhinayakA niSedha - nATakoM meM kevala pUrvakAlake prasiddha rAjAgroMko hI nAyaka rUpameM prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai vartamAna yA bhaviSyatke rAjAoM ko carita-nAyaka ke rUpameM prastuta nahIM karanA cAhie isa bAtako yahA~ anthakArane 'Adya-rAja' padase sUcita kiyA hai / isa bAtako vivaraNakAra agalI paMktiyoM meM dikhalAte haiM- 'prAdya' isa [pada ] se pUrva [kAlake rAjAmoMkA hI grahaNa hotA hai], isalie vartamAna aura bhaviSyat [ kAlake rAjAnoMke caritrakA varNana] kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| [isakelie Age do yuktiyAM dete haiM / unameMse pahalI yukti yaha hai ki-nATaka meM] zobhAdhAna ke lie kavi kabhI-kabhI kucha vidyamAna [arthAt vAstavika ] vAtako bhI chor3a detA hai aura kucha pravidyamAna [arthAt svayaM kalpita prathaM] ko bhI graharaNa kara letA hai| [yadi nATakoMmeM vartamAna kAlake vyaktiko bhI nAyaka banA diyA jAya to aise sthaloMmeM] vartamAnako netA banAnepara to taskAlIna prasiddhi bAdhita honese rasakI hAni hogI / aura pUrvakAlake mahApuruSoMke caritakI upekSA [zraddhAnaM] bhI hogI / [isalie vartamAna kAlake caritrako nATakameM nAyaka nahIM banAnA cAhie] aura bhaviSyat kAlakA [kalpita kathAnaka ] to 'carita' bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki jisakA [ pratItakAla meM ] zrAcararaNa kiyA jAtA thA vaha 'carita' [ kahalAtA ] hai yaha [bAta 'carita' padameM prAe hue kta pratyayase sUcita hotI hai| isalie kta pratyayake dvArA ] pratItakAlakA nirdeza honese [ bhaviSyatkAlake kathAnakako carita bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai] / abhinava bhAratIkAra abhinavaguptane bhI prathamAdhyAyameM [pR0 145 para] isa viSaya kI vivecanA vistAra ke sAtha kI hai| bharata nATyazAstra ke prathamAdhyAya meM 'tadante'nukRtivaMddhA yathA daityAH suraMjitA:' / yaha [ zloka 57 ] prAyA hai| isameM indrako sabhAmeM devatAoMoM dvArA daityoMpara vijaya prApta karaneke kathAnakake abhinaya kie jAnekI bAta likhI hai / isa prAdhArapara kinhIM pUrvavartI TIkAkAroMne yaha pariNAma nikAlA hai ki apane svAmI rAjA prAdiko prasanna karaneke lie kabhI-kabhI unake caritrakA bhI abhinaya unako dikhalAnA caahie| parantu prabhinavagupta isa bAtako svIkAra nahIM karate haiM / isalie unhoMne prathamAstreet isa 57 vIM kArikAkI vyAkhyA ke prasaGgameM isa praznako uThAkara usakA khaNDana nimna 'prakArase kiyA hai "prabhuparitoSAya prabhucaritaM kadAcinnATaye varNanIyamiti' 'yathA daityAH surairjitAH' ityetasmAllabhyata iti kecidAhuH / - tadasat / dazarUpaka-lakSaNa yuktivirodhAta / tatra hi kiJcit prasiddhacaritaM kiJcidutpAdyacaritamiti vadayate" /
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________________ 20 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 5, sU0 4 , rAjeti kSatriyamAtraM, na punarabhiSikta eva / rAma-jImUtavAhana pArthAdInAmanabhiSiktAnAmapi darzanAt / kSatriyo martya eva tena na devanetRkaM nATakamityuktaM bhavati / nATakaM hi rAmavadvartitavyaM na rAvaNavat ityupadezaparam / devatAnAM tu durupapAdasyAvyarthasyecchAmAtrata eva siddhiriti taccaritamazakyAnuSThAnatvAnna martyAnAmupadezayogyam / tena ye divyamapi netAraM manyante na te samyagamaMsateti / " na ca vartamAnacaritAnukAro yukto, vineyAnAM tatra rAga-dveSamadhya adhyasthatAdinA tanmayIbhAvAbhAve prIterabhAvena vyutpatterapyabhAbhAt / vartamAnacarite ca dharmAdikarma - phattasambandhasya pratyakSatve prayogavaiyarthyam / apratyakSatve 'bhaviSyati pramANAbhAvAt iti nyAyena vyutpatterasambhavAnnAdhikam / etacca dazarUpakAdhyAya vitaniSyAma ityAstAM tAvat " / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki prabhu rAjAdike prasanna karaneke lie kabhI-kabhI usake caritrakA bhI abhinaya unako dikhalAnA cAhie aisA jo loga mAnate haiM unakA kathana ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki dazarUpakoM ke lakSaNoM meM kucha nATakAdi prasiddha carita vAle mAne gae haiM prora samavakAra Adi kucha bheda utpAdya carita arthAt kalpita caritra ke zrAdhArapara nirmita mAne gae haiN| vartamAna rAjAdikA caritra ina donoM meM se kisI zreNI meM nahIM zrAtA hai / ataH usakA abhinaya ucita nahIM hai / isa sambandha meM dUsarI yukti yaha hai ki vartamAna caritroM meM dekhane vAloM kA rAga-dveSa- mAdhyasthya Adi honese unakA na manoraMjana hogA aura na unako koI zikSA hI milegI / arthAt nATakake donoM hI prayojana vyartha ho jAyeMge / zrataH vartamAna caritakA abhinaya nahIM karanA cAhie / isI viSaya meM abhinavaguptane tIsarI yukti yaha dI hai ki vartamAna caritameM yadi dharmAdikA phala turanta pratyakSa ho jAtA hai to nATakake prayogakA koI lAbha sAmAjikako nahIM milatA hai / aura yadi dharmAdi phalakA pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai to usase koI. zikSA nahIM mila sakatI hai / ataH vartamAna caritakA abhinaya ucita nahIM hai / yahA~ prakRta grantha meM rAmacandra guNacandrane bhI vartamAna caritra ke abhinayako anupayukta ThaharAyA hai| unakI yuktiyAM zrabhinavaguptakI yuktiyoMse bhinna hai kintu unakI kalpanA sundara hai / ina donoMkI yuktiyoM ko milAkara isa viSayakA eka sarvAGga sundara vivecana upasthita ho jAtA hai / isalie hamane abhinavaguptake matakA yahA~ ullekha kara diyA hai / nATaka meM devatAoM ke nAyakatvakA khaNDana -- aura 'rAjA' padase kSatriyamAtrakA grahaNa karanA cAhie kevala abhiSiktakA ho [grahaNa ] nahIM [karanA cAhie ] / kyoMki rAma, jImUtavAhana aura yudhiSThira zrAdi anabhiSikta bhI [ nAyaka rUpameM] pAe jAte haiM / kSatriyase mAnava [rUpa kSatriya ] kA hI grahaNa karanA cAhie isakA yaha abhiprAya hotA hai ki nATaka meM devatAnoMko nAyaka nahIM banAyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki 'rAmake samAna zrAcaraNa karanA cAhie rAvaNa ke samAna nahIM, isa upadezako denevAlA nATaka hotA hai / aura devatAoM ke lie to pratyanta kaThina kAryako siddhi bhI unakI icchA mAtra hI ho jAtI hai isalie unake caritake anusAra AcaraNa sambhava na honese vaha manuSyoMke lie upadezapara nahIM ho sakatA hai [ isalie devatAko nAyaka banAnA vyartha dhaura anucita hai] isalie jo devatAoM ko bhI [nATakoMko ] nAyaka mAnate haiM unakA mata ThIka nahIM hai|
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________________ kA05, sU0 4 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 21 nAthikA tu divyApi bhavati ythorvshii| pradhAne martyacarite taccaritAntarbhAvAt / upadezAjahaprAyavRttatvena dIptarasatvenaiva ca samavakArAdau divyo'pi netA na virudhyate / caritamityAcaritaM na tu kavivuddhikalpitam / bAhulyApekSaM caitata, tenAlpaM kimapi rajaka kalpitamapi na doSAyeti / / dharma-kAma-arthA vyasta-samastAH sat pradhAnaM phalaM yatra / mokSantu dharmakAryatvAt gauNaM phalam / santo'cirabhAvitvAd vartamAnA vA dharmArtha-kAmAH phlm| tena bhAvikAmArthaphalatvAdAgamAna nATakam / tatra dharmaphale nATake dayA-dama-dAna-nyAyaprAyaM dRSTaphalaM AmuSmikaphalaM ca rAjyAdyabAdhayA netuzcaritaM vyutpAdyate / na punaH sarvasaGgaparityAgaM kRtvA vratamAcaritamityAmuSmikaphalameva / sAkSAd dRSTaphalArthI hi lokH| . nAyikA divya bhI ho sakatI hai nAyikA to divya bhI ho sakatI hai jaise urvazI / kyoMki pradhAna mAnava [rUpa nAyaka | ke caritrameM usa [divya nAyikA ke caritrakA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| upadeza pradAna karanekI kSamatAse rahita aura dIpta rasa vAlA honete samavakAra prAdimeM to divya arthAt devatAoMko netA mAnanepara bhI koI virodha nahIM hotA hai| 'caritrameM' isa padase | pahale ] AcaraNa kiyA huA yaha artha gRhIta hotA hai / kavikI buddhise kalpita [caritrakA kA grahaNa] nahIM hotA hai / aura yaha bAhulyako dRSTi se [kahA gayA hai isalie thor3A-sA kucha saundaryAdhAyaka [vRtta] kalpita honeparabhI doSAdhAyaka nahIM hotA hai| [Age 'dharmakAmArthasatphalam' isa kArikA bhAgako vyAkhyA karate haiM-] alaga-alaga [vyasta yA samasta [samaSTi] rUpameM dharma, kAma aura artha jisake sat arthAt pradhAna phala haiM [vaha 'dhamakAmArthasatphalam' huA] / mokSa to dharmakA kArya [dharma-janya honese gauraNa phala hotA hai [isalie yahA~ usakI gaNanA nahIM karAI hai] / athavA atyanta zIghra prApta hone vAle honese bhAvI dharmAdi ko bhI sat kahA jA sakatA hai isalie sat arthAt vartamAna [vartamAna sAmIpye vartamAnavadvA] dharma kAma aura artha jisake phala hai [yaha 'dharma-kAmArthasatphalam' ko dUsarI vyAkhyA huii| isa vyAkhyAke anusAra [sudUravartI janmAntara meM prApta hone vAle] bhAvI phala [kA pratipAdana karane vAle 'pAgama', nATaka [zreNI meM nahIM mAne jAte haiN| una [dharma, kAma aura artha phala vAle nATakoM jaise] meM se dharma-phala vAle nATakoMmeM dayA, dama, dAna aura nyAya prAdi dRSTa phala tathA rAjya prAdikI abAghAse pAralaukika phala vAle netAke caritrakA pradarzana karAyA jAtA hai| samasta sambandhoMko parityAga karake [nAyakane] vratakA anuSThAna kiyA isa rUpameM prAmuSmika phala vAle [nAyakake caritra kA pradarzana nahIM [karAyA jAtA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki saMsAra sAkSAt dRSTa phalako [dekhanA cAhatA hai| __'dharma-kAmArthasatphalam' isa kArikAbhAgameM dharma phala vAle nATakakI carcA kI gaI hai| dharma ke bhItara vidhirUpa aura niSedharUpa donoM prakArake dharmokA samAveza ho sakatA hai| dayA dAna AdikA karanA vidhirUpa dharma hai aura saba vyApAroMse uparati rUpa vratAdi, niSedha rUpa dharma hai| yahA~ nATakameM dayA dAnAdi rUpa vidhi dharmoMkA hI dharma padase grahaNa karanA cAhie / sarvavyApAroparati rUpa dharmakA grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki usa prakArake karmoM
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________________ 22 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA05, sU04 kAmaphale ca divykuljstriismbhog-snggiitk-kaamcaaropvnvihaarpraaym| arthaphale ca zatruccheda-sandhi-vigrahAdirAjyacintAprAyamiti / . 'sAka, iti aGka-upAya dazA-sandhibhirvakSyamANaiH saha vartate / 'divyAGgama, iti divyaM devatA anyo'pi cottamaH pradhAnasya neturaGga sahAyaH patAkA-prakarInAyaka-lakSaNo yatra / divyo hi netaiva virudhyate na puna: shaayH| atyanta bhaktAnAmeva nAma devatAH prasIdantIti devatArAdhanapuraHsaraM upAyAnuSThAnamAdheyamiti vyutpAdanArtha divyo'pyasvena kAryaH / kA phala lokameM sAkSAt nahIM dekhA jAtA hai / isalie jina vratAdike pradarzanase sAmAnikako sAkSAt phalakA darzana na ho sake usa prakArake dharmakA grahaNa yahA~ dharma padameM abhipreta nahIM hai| rAjyAdikI bAdhAkA prabhAva to usake pUrvakRta dharmakA dRSTa phala ho sakatA hai kintu vratAnuSThAnakA phala usa samaya dekhaneko nahIM mila sakatA hai| ataH dayA, dAna Adi dRSTaphala tathA rAjyakI bAdhAkA abhAva Adi prAmuSmika dharma phala mAne jA sakate haiM / yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya pratIta hotA hai / aura kAmaphala vAle [nATaka] meM divya [arthAt apsarA] athavA [uttama kulameM utpanna huI] kulIna strIkA. sambhoga, saGgIta, kAmacAra [arthAt yatheccha upabhoga prAdi pAcaraNa] aura upavana-vihAra prAdi [pradhAna phala pradarzita kiyA hai| arthaphala vAle [nATaka meM zatrukA nAza, sandhi-vigraha Adi rAjya cintAkA pradhAna phalake rUpameM pradarzana kiyA mAtA] hai| yahAM taka granthakArane 'dharmakAmArthasatphalam' isa kArikA-bhAgakI vyAkhyA kI hai| aba mAge 'sAjhopAyadazAsandhi' isa padakI vyAkhyA karate haiN| isameM aGka, upAya, dazA aura sandhi pada pAe haiM, ye saba nATyazAstrake pAribhASika zabda haiN| granthakAra ina sabake lakSaraNa Age kreNge| una praGka prAdi sabase yukta, pUrvakAlika rAjAoM ke caritrakA prastuta karane vAlA nATaka hotA hai yaha isa padakA abhiprAya hai / isI abhiprAyako agalI paMktiyoM meM dete haiM Age kahe jAne vAle praGka, upAya, dazA tathA sandhise yukta [prAdharAjacarita nATaka kahalAtA hai] | "divyAGgam' [isa padake do prakArake artha ho sakate haiN| unameMse pahilA artha yaha hai ki divya arthAt devatA [athavA aura bhI [koI] uttama-prakRti [mahAnubhAva pradhAna arthAt nAyakakA aGga arthAt sahAyaka prarthAt patAkA-nAyaka athavA prakarI-nAyaka-rUpa jisameM ho [vaha nATaka 'divyAGga' huaa| isapara yaha zaGkA ho sakatI hai ki abhI to nATakameM divya nAyakake rakhe jAnekA khaNDana kara cuke haiM phira usake turanta bAda hI devatAmoMko nAyakakA sahAyaka athavA patAkA-nAyaka yA prakarI-nAyaka banAnekI bAta kaha rahe haiM ye donoM viruddha bAteM haiN| isakA zaGkA samAdhAna karate haiM ki] devatAko nAyaka banAnA hI anucita hai sahAyaka banAnA [anucita nahIM hai / pratyanta bhaktoMke Upara hI devatA prasanna hokara unake sahAyaka bananeke lie udyata] hote haiM isalie devatAoMkA pUjana karake hI upAyoMkA anuSThAna karanA cAhie isa bAtako zikSA deneke lie devatAoMko bhI sahAyaka [rUpameM prastuta karanA cAhieM [yaha isa paMktikA abhiprAya hai] /
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________________ kA05, sU04 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 23 tatra devatA yathA nAgAnande gaurI / uttamaprakRtiryathA rAmAdiprabandheSu sugrIvAdiriti / yadvA divyAni anavadyAni aGgAni vakSyamANAni upakSepAdIni yatra / tatreti nirdhAraNArthaH / abhineyasamudAyAn pradhAnapuruSArthapravRttavinayarAjAdivyutpAdanaguNena nATakaM nirdhAryate / nATakamiti nATayati vicitraM raJjanApravezena sabhyAnAM hRdayaM nartayati iti nATakam / abhinavaguptastu namanArthasyApi naTernATakazabda vyutpAdayati / tatra tu ghaTAditvena hrasvAbhAvazcintyaH / / unameMse devatA [ke sahAyaka honekA udAharaNa] jaise nAgAnandameM gaurI [malayAtIko prAptimeM jImUtavAhana ko sahAyaka banatI hai / dUsare prakArake] uttama-prakRti [ke sahAyaka hokeko udAharaNa] jaise rAmAdike nATakoMmeM sugrIva prAdi / prathavA vivya arthAt sundara jisake mana arthAt prAge kahe jAne vAle upakSepa mAvi [rUpa baGga] haiM vaha [divyAGgahamA / yaha 'dibAja' padakA dUsarA artha hai| [kArikAmeM AyA humA] 'tatra' zabda nirdhAraNArthaka [chAMTaneke arthameM prayukta hai| [bAraha prakArake] abhineya [kAvyoM ke samudAyameMse [nATakakA alaga nirdhAraNa yahA~ 'tatra' zambake dvArA kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki] mukhya [dharma, artha, kAma rUpa] puruSArthoM [ko siddhi meM pravRtta, upadeza karane yogya rAjA mAdiko [vizeSa rUpase] zikSA pradAna karane vAlA hote nATakako [abhineya-kAvyake anya bhedoMse 'tatra' zabake dvArA yahA~] alaga kiyA jA rahA hai ["nirvAyate' / isalie 'tatra' zabda yahA~ nirdhAraNArthaka hai| bhAge] nATaka [bhandako vyutpatti vikhalAte haiM] nAnA prakArase saundarya ke praveza dvArA hI sahRdayoke hRdayoMko [nATayati nabati] mAnandAtireka se naghAtA-sA hai isalie nartanArthaka naTa dhAtuse] 'nATakA, [zabda banatA hai| abhinavagumane to ['rapaTa nRto' ke sthAnapara 'eTa nau pATha mAnakara 'nati arthAt namana marca vAle naTa dhAtuse bhI nATaka zabdakI siddhi kI hai| kintu usa sthalapara [namana arthameM to naTa dhAtuke] ghaTAdi gaNapaThita honese [mita aura ghaTAdi gaNapaThita dhAtumoko 'ghaTAdayo mita.ke anusAra mit mAnanese 'mitA hrasvaH' praSTA0 6-4.62 sUtrase Nic pare rahate upadhAko hasva karane kA vidhAna honese 'nATaka' zabdameM] hrasvakA prabhAva cintanIya hai / [arthAt zuddha nahIM pratIta hotA hai] / arthAt yadi ghaTAdi garaNastha naTa dhAtuse isa zabdakI siddhi ko jAyago to upadhAko hrasva hokara 'ghaTaka' zabdake samAna 'naTaka' zabda bananA cAhie / nATaka zabda nahIM bnegaa| ___'gaTa nRtto' pAtu bhvAdigaNa meM [dhAtu-saMkhyA 310 tathA 781] do sthAnoMpara par3hA gayA hai| siddhAntakaumudIkArane ina meM se prathama-paThita dhAtuko nATyArthaka aura dubArA paThita dhAtuko nRtyArthaka mAnA hai| ___ "idameva. pUrvamapi paThitam / tatrAyaM vivekaH pUrvapaThitasya naattymrthH| yatkAriSu naTavyapadezaH / vAkyArthAbhinayo nATyam / ghaTAdau tu nRtaM nRtyaM cArthaH / yatkAriSu nartakampapadezaH / padArthAminayo nRtyam / gAtravikSe"mAtraM nRttam / kecittu ghaTAdI gaTa natI iti paThanti / bhvAdigaNakI 781 saMkhyA 4 : dhAtuko vyAkhyA meM yaha siddhAntakaumudIkArakA lekha hai| isI NaTa nato pAThakA ullekha namanArthaka naTa dhAtuke rUpa meM yahAM kiyA gayA hai| abhinavaguptane nATaka zandako vyutpatti karate samaya yadyapi 'gaTa nato' dhAtukA spaSTa rUpase ullekha nahIM kiyA hai kintu 'namanaM prahvIbhAvaH' namanakA artha 'prahvIbhAva' namratA
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________________ 24 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA05, sU0 4 yadyapi kathAdayo'pi zrotRhRdayaM nATayanti tathApi zraGkopAyAdInAM vaicitryahetUnAmabhAvAt na tathA raJjakatvamiti na te nAkaTam / tathA nATakaM pradhAnapuruSArtheSu rAjJAM tadaGgabhUteSvamAtyAdInAM ca bahUnAM vyutpAdakamiti katipayavyutpAdakAni praka rakhAdInyapi na nATakamiti / / 5 / / pradarzana hotA hai / isa 'prahvIbhAva' aura 'nati' zabdoM kA ullekha nATaka zabdako vyutpatti ke prasaGgameM avazya kiyA hai / aThArahaveM gradhyAya meM nATaka ke vivecana ke prasaGgameM- (1) nRpatInAmeva nATakannAma tacceSTitaM prahvIbhAvadAyakaM bhavati [pR0 413, paMkti 8] / (2) yadyapi sarvasUtrakArANAmartho hRdaye pravipro vineyAMzca vinItAna karoti [ 414, paMkti 2] / * (3) pradhAna puruSArthe pradhAnavineyAnAM, anyatrAnyeSAM vedayato'varnati vyutpattiM dadAti / tata eva nATakamucyate / [pR0 44, paMkti 7] / ityAdi rUpa meM aneka sthAnoMpara namana prahvIbhAva, nati Adi bhAvoMkA nATaka zabda ke sAga sambandha dikhalAyA hai / jisase pratIta hotA hai ki abhinavagupta namanArthaka naTa dhAtu se mI nATaka zabdako vyutpatti mAnate haiM / parantu prakRta granthakAra rAmacandra guraNacandra isa vyutpatti se sahamata kahanA hai ki ghaTAdi garaNa paThita gaTa dhAtuko hI kucha logoM ne 'nRtau' ke meM mAnA hai / ghaTAdi garaNa paThita dhAtuyoMko bhit-saMjJA hokara unameM mitAM ho jAtA hai / usa dazA meM nATaka pada meM bhI hasva hokara 'ghaTaka' ke cAhie / 'nATaka' zabda usa dhAtuse nahIM bana sakatA hai / zrata eva vyutpattikA khaNDana kiyA hai / rAmacandra - guNacandra yahA~ grabhinavaguptakI vyAkhyApara jo grApatti kI hai vaha ghaTAdi maraNasya naTa-dhAtuko natyarthaka mAnanepara hI bana sakatI hai| yadi usase bhinna pahile sthalapara 310 ghAtu saMkhyA vAle naTa dhAtuko namanArthaka mAna liyA jAya to isa prakArako Apatti nahIM uTha sakatI hai / sambhava hai abhinavagupta usI sthalapara 'naTa natI' pATha mAnate hoM dUsarI jagaha nahIM / usa dazA meM unakI vyutpatti meM koI doSa nahIM hogA / abhinavagupta ne kevala namanArthaka dhAtuse hI nahIM apitu [pR0 413, adhyAya 18] nataMnAyaka dhAtuse bhI nATaka zabdakI siddhi ko hai / nATakaM nAma tacceSTitaM prahvIbhAvadAyakaM bhavati tathA hRdayAnupravezaraJjanollAsanayA hRdayaM zarIraM ca nartayati nATakam' ye donoM prakArako vyutpattiyA~ abhinava guptane kI haiM / yadyapi kathA zrAdi bhI zrotAoMke hRdayako [ zrAnandAtireka se ] nacAte haiM kintu ve upAya Adi vaicitrayake hetujhoMke na honese itane zrAnanda-dAyaka nahIM hote haiM isalie unako nATaka nahIM kahate haiM / aura nATaka pradhAna puruSArtha ke viSayameM rAjA [arthAt mukhya nAyaka ] aura usake aMga rUpameM zramAtya zrAdi bahutoM ko vyutpanna karAne vAlA hotA hai isalie [ usase minna] kevala kucha [gine-cune vyaktiyoM ] ko vyutpatti pradAna karAne vAle prakaraNa zrAdi [abhineya-kAvyoMke anya gyArahoM bheda] nATaka nahIM [kahalAte ] haiN|. nahIM haiM / unakA bajAya 'nato' artha hrasyaH sUtrase hasva samAna 'naTaka' pada bananA rAmacandra - guNacandra ne isa
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________________ kA0 6, sU05 ] prathamo vivekaH atha rAjazabdaM vyAkhyAtu sAmAnyena netuH svarUpamAha[sUtra 5]-uddhRtodAtta-lalita-zAntA dhIravizeSaNAH / vAH svabhAvAzcatvAro netRNAM madhyamottamAH // 6 // 'dhIro' dhairya mahAvyasane'pyakAtayaM vizeSaNaM yeSAM uddhatAdInAM, dhIroddhata-dhIrodAtta-dhIralalita-dhIraprazAntA ityrthH| evaM nAma kavivarNAta / janmotvivAgtu svabhAvA netRNAM yathA-tathA vA santu / 'netaNAma' iti bahuvacanAt prAyeNekekasmin dharmiNyekekaH svabhAvaH, kvacideva tu catvAraH / 'madhyamottamA' iti-yadyapi svasthAne sarvamapi uttamamadhyamAdhamabhedena tridhA, tathApi dhIroddhatAdayaH svabhAvA uttamamadhyamabhedenaiva varNanIyA iti // 6 // ___ isa grantha ke nirmAtA rAmacandra-guNacandrane isa nATakake lakSaNa-sUtrakI racanAmeM apane kauzalakA bar3A acchA paricaya diyA hai / anya graMthoM meM jahAM nATakakA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai vahAM kaI zloka isake lakSaNa rUpameM likhe gae haiN| svayaM bharatamunine aneka zlokoMmeM nATakakA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai-- . prakhyAtavastuviSayaM prakhyAtodAtta-nAyakaM caiva / rAjarSivaMzyacaritaM tathaiva divyAzrayopetam // 10 // nAnAvibhUtibhiryutaM Rddhivilaasaadibhigunnaishcaiv| . aMkapravezakAdhya bhavati hi tannATakaM nAma // 1 // nRpatInAM yaccaritaM nAnA rasa-bhAva-ceSTitaM bahudhA / ' sukhaduHkhotpattikRtaM bhavati hi tannATaka nAma // 12 // 0 // kintu yahA~ granthakArane kevala eka hI zlokameM nATakake lakSaNako sarvAMga-pUrkha banA diyA hai / yaha unake racanA-kauzalakA dyotaka hai| nAyakake cAra bheda aba rAja zabda [arthAt nAyaka kI vyAkhyA karanekelie sAmAnya rUpase nAyako svarupakA varNana karate haiM [sUtra 5]-nAyakoMke dhaura vizeSaNase yukta uddhata, udAtta, lalita aura prazAMta [arvAta dhaurota, dhIrodAtta, dhoralalita aura dhIraprazAMta] cAra prakArake svabhAva [kevala madhyama tavA uttama [do rUpoMmeM] hI varNana karane cAhie [adhama nahIM] // 6 // dhIra arthAt dhairya arthAt bhArI vipattimeM bhI na ghabar3AnA, jinakA vizeSakha hai be, arthAta dhorokhata, porovAtta, ghoralalita tathA dhIraprazAMta [ina cAra prakArake nAyaka-svamAryokA varNana karanA caahie| isa prakArakA [svabhAvoMkA] varNana [kevala] kavi [apane nATakameM] karatA hai| [unhIM] nAyakoMke janmase utpanna svabhAva cAhe jaise hoN| 'netRNAm' isa bahuvacana ke nizase [yaha pratIta hotA hai ki] prAyaH eka-eka vyakti meM eka-eka prakArakA hI svabhAva [sAvya-nATaka meM hotA hai / cAroM svabhAva to kahIM [virale hI pAe jAte haiM / madhyamotamA' isase [padase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki yadyapi apane-apane sthAnapara saba hI [vastue~] uttama, madhyama aura adhama bhevase tIna prakArakI hotI haiN| [isalie dhIroddhata prAdike bhI ye tIna
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________________ 26 ] nATyadarpaNam / [ kA05, sU06 bhava bahuvacanAptameva viSayabhedaM spaSTayati[satra 6] devA dhIroddhatA, dhIrodAcAH sainyeza-mantriNaH / . dhIrazAntA vaNig-viprAH, rAjAnastu caturvidhAH // 7 // svabhAva-svabhAvinorabhedAt sAmAnAdhikara eyanirdezaH / rAjJAM cAtuvidhyamahanAt devA dhIroddhatA eva, sainyeza-mantriNo dhIrodAttA eva, vaNiga-viprA ghorazAntA eva, varNanIyA iti svayogavyavasthAyakatvenaivAvadhAryate nAnyayogavyabacchedena / tIna bheda ho sakate haiN| phira bhI pIroita mAvi [nAyakoMke svabhAva] uttama tathA madhyama [basa do] bhedoM meM hI varNana karane cAhie [arthAt unake adhama rUpako nATakoM meM prastuta nahIM karanA cAhie] // 6 // svamAva-vyavasthA pichalI kArikAmeM nAyakoMke cAra prakArake svabhAvoMkA varNana kiyA thaa| usakI bAssAmeM yaha bhI kahA thA ki sAmAnya rUpase eka vyaktimeM eka hI prakArakA svabhAva pAyA bAtA hai kintu kahIM-kahIM cAroM prakArake svabhAva bhI eka vyaktimeM pAe jA sakate haiM / aba ina cAroM prakArake svabhAvoMkI vyavasthA arthAt kina logoMmeM kisa prakArakA svabhAva pAyA bAtA hai athavA kisakA kisa prakArakA svabhAva nATakAdimeM citrita karanA cAhie isa bAta ko isa kArikAmeM kahate haiM [sUtra 6]-devatA dhIrodata [svabhAva] senApati tathA mantrI dhIrodAtta [svabhAva] pahilA tathA bAhmaNa dhIraprazAnta [svabhAva tathA kSatriya cAroM prakArake [svabhAvavAle ho sakate haiM // 7 // isa kArikAmeM dhIralalitakA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| vyaktibhedase kSatriya cAroM svabhAvake ho sakate haiM / isa kathanase kSatriyoM meM dhIralalitakA samAveza ho jAtA hai / zrIkRSNa Adi dhIralalita-nAyakake udAharaNa haiN| yahAM jo devatAmoMko dhIroddhata, senApati maura mantriyoMko dhIrodAtta, tathA vipra tathA vaNikako dhIraprazAnta batalAyA hai, usakA abhiprAya svayogavyavasthApana-mAtra hai, anyayoga-vyavaccheda nhiiN| arthAt devatA prAdikA usI-usI prakArakA svabhAva citrita karanA cAhie yahI isa vyavasthAkA abhiprAya hai| pratyoMmeM isa prakArakA svabhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai, yaha isakA tAtparya nahIM hai| isa bAtako vivaraNakAra pAye likhate haiM svabhAva tathA svabhAvavAna donoMkA prabheda mAnakara diyA dhorokhatAH mAdimeM samabhAva paraka porokhatAH' tathA svabhAvavAn 'devA' donoM padoMkA samAma vibhakti tathA samAna pacanameM praboba ma] sAmAnAdhiraNya-nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| rAjA [prati maSiyoM ke cAturvimyake bahe bAnese devatA porokhata hI ho sakate haiM], senApati tathA mantrI dhIrodAtta ho, mora balikatavA vipra dhIraprazAnta hI variNata hone cAhie yaha bAta svayogamyavasthApakatvena hI nirdhArita hoto hai pranyayoga myavacchedakatvena nhiiN| amuka bAta aisI hI honI cAhie isa bhAvameM sayukta hone vAlA 'e' pada vivaraNa
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________________ kA0 7, sU0 6 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 27 yaH punaH parazurAmasyAtikrUratvakhyApanArtho dhIroddhatatvanibandhaH sa 'bhASAprakRtivepAdeH kAryataH kApi laMghanam' ityapavAdAdaviruddhaH / ayaM ca niyamo devAnAM martyApekSayA na svApekSayA / zivAdInAmudAttAnAM brahmAdInAM zAntAnAmapi ca darzanAt / 'rAjAnaH' iti kSatriyajAtiH / bahuvacanAt vyaktibhedena catuHsvabhAvo nATakasya netA, na punarekasyAM vyaktau / ekatra prAdhAnyena svabhAvacatuSkasya varNayitumazakyatvAditi / pradhAnanAyakasya cAyaM niyamo gauNanetRNAM tu svabhAvAntaramapi pUrvasvabhAvatyAgena nibadhyate / ye tu nATakasya netAraM dhIrodAttameva pratijAnate na te munisamayAdhyavagAhinaH / nATakeSu dhIralalitAdInAmapi nAyakAnAM darzanAt kavisamaya vAhyAca ||7|| gArthaka mAnA jAtA hai / isake prAyaH tIna prakArake prayoga mAne jAte haiM / 'vizeSya-sambaddhaH evakAraH pranyayogavyavacchedaka : 'arthAt vizeSya padase jaba 'eva' kA pada sambandha hotA hai to vaha anyayogakA vyavacchedaka hotA hai / jaise 'pArthaM eva dhanurdhara:' isameM 'pArtha' arjunako chor3akara anya dhanurdhara nahIM haiM yaha pranyayogakA vyavaccheda hotA hai / isI prakAra 'vizeSaraNa saMgataH evakAra prayogavyavacchedaka : ' / vizeSaNa-saMgata evakAra prayoga vyavacchedaka hotA hai jaise 'pArtho dhanurdhara eva' arthAt arjuna dhanurdhara hI hai yahA~ 'eva' zabda zrarjunameM dhanurdharatvake prayoga arthAt sambandhAbhAvakA niSedhaka arthAt pravazya sambandhakA dyotaka hai / isI prayogavyavacchedaka evakArako yahA~ granthakArane 'svayogavyavasthApaka' mAnA hai / dhIroddhata Adi vizeSaraNoM ke sAtha sambaddha etrakAra anyayogakA vyavacchedaka nahIM apitu prayogavyavacchedaka athavA svayogavyavasthApakamAtra hai yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai / tIsarA evakAra kriyAke sAtha sambaddha hotA hai / 'kriyA sambaddha evakAro pratyantAyogavyavacchedaka : kriyA ke sAtha sambaddha hone vAlA 'evakAra' zratyantAyogakA vyavacchedaka hotA hai / jaise 'nIlaM kamalaM bhavatyeva' isameM 'bhavati' kriyAke sAtha sambaddha 'evakAra' kamalameM nIlatvake pratyanta prayogakA niSedha karake nIla kamala bhI ho sakatA hai isa arthako bodhita karatA hai / aura jo [vipra ] parazurAma ke pratikraratvake sUcita karane ke lie dhIroddhatatvakA varNana kiyA gayA hai vaha 'kahIM kAryavaza [vizeSa prayojanase] bhASA - prakRti aura veSa Adi [ viSayaka niyamoM kA ullaMghana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai' isa apavAdake vidyamAna honese anucita nahIM hai [arthAt yahA~ apavAda rUpameM hI parazurAma ke brAhmaNa hote hue bhI dhIroddhata-svabhAvakA varNana kiyA gayA hai yaha samajhanA cAhie] / devatAnoMkA yaha [ dhIroddhata svabhAvakA ] niyama manuSyoMkI dRSTise hai, apanI dRSTise nhiiN| kyoMki [devatAoM meM bhI ] ziva prAdi dhIrodAtta tathA brahmA zrAdi dhIrazAnta [nAyaka] bhI dikhalAI dete haiM / 'rAjAnaH' padase [rAjAkA hI grahaNa na karake ] kSatriyajAti mAtra [ kA grahaNa karanA cAhie ] / zraura [ rAjAnaH padameM] bahuvacana [ke prayoga ] se vyakti-bhedase nATakake netA cAroM prakArake svabhAva vAle ho sakate haiM, eka vyakti meM [ cAroM prakArake svabhAva ] nahIM [ho sakate haiM yaha bAta sUcita kI hai] / kyoMki eka vyaktimeM hI cAroM prakArake svabhAvakA varNana kara sakanA asambhava hai / aura yaha niyama [arthAt cAroM prakArake svabhAvakA eka vyaktimeM varNana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai kevala ] pradhAna nAyakake viSayameM hI hai| gaurA nAyakoMmeM to pUrva-svabhAvako chor3akara anya svabhAvakA varNana bhI kiyA jA sakatA
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________________ nATyadarpaNam 28 ] atha dhIroddhatAdInAM yathoddezamarthamAha[ sUtra0 7 ] - dhIroddhatazcalazcaNDo darpa dambhI vikatthanaH / / dhIrodAco'tigambhIro nyAyI saccI kSmI sthiraH ||8|| zRGgArI dhIralalitaH kalAsaktaH sukhI mRduH / nayI // 6 // [ kA08-6, sU0 7 dhIrazAnto'haGkAraH kRpAlurvinayI akAtaratvaM dhIrazabdasyArthaH sarvatra samAna eva / calatvAdayaH punaruddhatAdInAM zabdAnAmarthAH / calo'navasthitaH / caNDo raudraH / darpaH zauryAdimadaH / dambhaH kUTa prayogaH / vikatthanaH svaprazaMsI / zratigambhIro duravabodhamadhyaH / sattvI zoka - krodhAdyanabhibhavanIyaH / sthiro vimRzyakArI / kalAsakto gItAditatparaH / sukhI mantrinyastarAja cintAbhAratvAnnirAdhiH / mRdurakrUrAcAraH / anahaGkAraH sarvathApyanavalepaH / dhIrodAttastu vinayacchannA valepaH, iti bhedaH / vinayI gurujanAdyanullaMghIti / upalakSaNamAtraM caitat tenoddhatAdInAM yathaucityamapare'pi dharmA dRSTavyA iti ||8 hai / jo nATakake nAyakako kevala dhIrAvAta hI mAnate haiM ve bharatamunike siddhAntako nahIM samajhate haiN| aura nATakoMmeM dhIralalita prAvi nAyakoMke bhI pAe jAnese kaviyoMke vyavahArase aparicita pratIta hote haiM / [ prarthAt bharatamunike siddhAnta tathA kaviyoMke vyavahAra donoMke anusAra nATakoM meM cAroM prakArake nAyakoMkA citraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| kevala dhIrodAta hI nAyaka ho aisA koI bandhana nahIM hai ] ||ou aba [ uddeza] kramake anusAra dhIroddhata zrAdikA artha batalAte haiM [ sUtra 7 ]dhIroddhata [nAyaka] asthira citta, bhayaGkara, abhimAnI, chalI, zrAtma- zlAghI, [ hotA hai]| dhIrodAsa [ nAyaka ] atyanta gambhIra, nyAyapriya, zoka - krodha zrAvike vazIbhUta na hone vAlA [saravI ], kSamAzIla aura sthira [ soca-vicAra kara kArya karane vAlA hotA hai ] // 8 // [ sUtra 7 ] dhIralalita [ nAyaka ] zRGgArapriya, [gIta vAdyAdi] kalAnoMkA premI [ rAjyabhArako mantrIko sauMpakara nizcita ho jAne vAlA ] sukhI aura komala svabhAvakA [ hotA hai] / aura dhIraprazAnta [ nAyaka ] sarvathA zrahaGkAra-rahita, dayAlu, vinayazIla aura nIti avalambana karane vAlA hotA hai / // [kArikAmeM zrAe hue ] 'dhIra' zabdakA artha prakAtaratva [na ghabar3AnA ] hai / vaha [ dhIrodAttaM Adi cAroM prakArake nAyakoMmeM] sabameM samAna hI hai aura calatva zrAdi uddhata prAdi zabdoM ke * zrartha haiM / 'cala' arthAt prasthiracitta / 'caNDa' zrarthAt bhayaGkara / zauryAdike ghamaNDakA nAma 'darpa' hai / 'vambha' kA artha kUTaprayoga [chala ] hai / zrAtmazlAdhA karane vAlA 'vikatthanaH ' [ hotA ] hai / 'pratigambhIra' arthAt jisake manakI bAta sahaja na samajhI jA ske| 'sattvI' arthAt zoka- krodha vike vaza meM na hone vAlA 'sthira' arthAt soca-vicAra kara kArya karane vAlA / kalAsakta prarthAt gIta [vAdya] prAvi [ kalAnoM] kA premI / 'sukhI' arthAt rAjyakI cintAkA bhAra mantrIko sauMpakara nirzacata ho jAne vAlA / 'mRdu:' arthAt krUra AcaraNa na *
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________________ kA0 10, sU0 8 ] atha caritazabdaM vyAcaSTe 9 [ sUtra 8 ] -- mukhyamiSTaphalaM vRttaM aGgaM prAsaGgikaM kvacit / sUcyaM prayojyamabhyU, upekSyaM taccaturvidham // 10 // prathamo vivekaH mukhyaM sarvaprabandhavyApitvAt pradhAnam / iSTaM sarvotkarSeNa kaverabhipretaM phalaM yasya / vRttaM caritam / aGga mukhyavRttasyAnuyAyitvAdavayavaH / prasaGgAt parakIyayatnAdAgataM prAsaGgikam / iha tAvat na nisargataH kiJciccaritaM mukhyamaGga vA, kintu bahuSvapi phaleSu kaviryasya atyantamutkarSamabhipraiti tatphalamiSTam / anena ca yat phalavad vRttaM tadiha mukhyam / taditarat aGgatvAt prAsaGgikam / rAmaprabandheSu hi sugrIvamaitrI - zaraNAgata [ 26 karane vAlA / 'prahaGkAra' arthAt sarvathA abhimAna zUnya | dhIrodAtta [nAyaka ] to [abhimAnayukta honepara bhI ] vinayake dvArA apane abhimAnako chipA lene vAlA hotA hai yaha [SIra prazAnta se usakA ] bheda hai / 'vinayI' arthAt gurujana zrAdi [kI prAjJA yA maryAdA] kA ullaMghana na karane vAlA | ye dharma kevala upalakSaNa mAtra hai / isalie praucityake anusAra dhIroddhata Adi [ nAyakoM] meM anya dharma bhI samajha lene cAhie // 8-6 // carita ke do bheda nATaka meM varNita prAkhyAna vastu jisako yahA~ granthakArane 'vRtta' tathA 'carita' zabdoMse nirdiSTa kiyA hai do prakArakA hotA hai| eka mukhya aura dUsarA usakA aGgabhUta / nATaka meM varita pradhAna phala kI prApti jisako hotI hai vaha pAtra nATakakA nAyaka yA pradhAna pAtra hotA hai / usakA carita mukhya carita kahalAtA hai / aura zeSa saba carita usakI kAryasiddhike upakAraka hote haiM isalie ve saba usake praGgabhUta carita mAne jAte haiM / isI bAtakA pratipAdana granthakAra isa kArikAke vivaraNa meM nimna prakAra karate haiM [ sUtra 8 ] - [ kavike dvArA abhipreta ] pradhAna phala jisako prApta hotA hai usakA carita [ iSTaphalaM vRttaM] mukhya [ carita kahalAtA hai] / aura [ zranivArya rUpase sarvatra nahIM apitu 'kvacit' zrarthAt ] kahIM-kahIM [afraMgata ] prAsAGgika [vRtta] graGga [prapradhAna carita kahalAtA ] hai / [ina donoM prakArake caritoMke bhI unakI abhivyaktiko prakriyAko dRSTise cAra bheda hote haiM / unake nAma isa kArikAmeM nimna prakAra dikhalAe haiM] vaha bhI 1 sUcya, 2 prayojya, 3 zrabhyUhya [kalpanIya] zraura 4 upekSaNIya [bhedase] cAra prakArakA hotA hai // 10 // sAre prabandha [ arthAt sAre nATaka meM bhAvise lekara anta taka nirantara] vyApaka rahanese pradhAna [ carita ho ] mukhya [ carita kahalAtA ] hai / [ usakA lakSaraNa yahA~ 'iSTaphalam' kiyA gayA hai / isalie isa zabdakA artha prAge dete haiM ] / 'iSTa' arthAt kavi jisake phalako sabase utkRSTa rUpameM cAhatA hai [vaha 'iSTa' phalaM iSTa phala vAlA vRtta] hai [vRtta arthAt carita] / zraGga-prarthAt mukhya caritakA anugAmI honese usakA zravayava [ zraGga-carita kahalAtA hai ] / prasaGga prarthAt anya [viSayaka ] yatna se prApta hone vAlA vRta prAsaGgika [carita kahalAtA ] hai / inameM se koI bhI carita svabhAvata: mukhya yA zraMga-rUpa nahIM hotA hai / kintu aneka phaloMmeM se kavi jisako pratyanta utkarSa [ dikhalAnA ] cAhatA hai vaha phala 'iSTa' [phala hotA ] hai /
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________________ 30 nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 10, sa08 vibhISaNarakSaNa-rAvaNavadha-sItApratyAnayanAdiSu sItApratyAnayanasyaiva prAdhAnya vinA pratipAditam / tatsampAdanAya taditareSu pravRtteH / ata eva tAnyaGgAni / - kavirapi na svecchayA phalasyotkarSa nibadhumarhati, kintvaucityena / yasya dhIroddhatAde-ryadeva phalamucitaM tasyaivotkarSoM nibndhniiyH| prAGgikasyApi ca mukhyavRttaprayatnenaiva niSpattividheyA / prayatnAntare hi tadapi mukhyaM syAt / tApasa vatsarAje hi vatsarAjasya mukhyAya kauzAmbIrAjyalAbhAya prayatnenaiva yaugandharAyaNavyApAraNa prAsaGgika vAsavadattAsaMgama-padmAvatIprAptyAdikarmApi sAdhyate / 'kvacit' iti yatraiva mukhyo netA phalasiddhau sahAyamapekSate tatraiva prAsaGgikam / na sarvatra / yathA bhaTTazrIbhavanutacUr3AmaNiviracitAyAM kozAlikAyAM nATikAyA kozAlikAprAptimadhikRtya pravRttasya vatsarAjasya na prAsaGgikam / yathA vAsmadrapajhe satya-harizcandre nATake pratijJAnirvAhaM prati pravRttasya 'harizcandrasya / 'taccaturvidham' iti 'tat' sAmAnyena vRttam / / 10 / / yaha phala jisako prApta hotA hai vaha 'carita' yahAM mukhya ['carita' kahalAtA hai| usase bhinna [carita usakA] aGga honese prAsaGgika [carita kahalAtA hai / rAma-viSayaka nATakoM meM sugrIvamaMtrI, zaraNAgata vibhISaNako rakSA, rAvaraNa-badha aura sItAkA lauTAnA prAdimeMse sItAke pratyAnayanakA hI pradhAna rUpase varNana kiyA hai| anyoM kA varNana karane meM usa [sItA-pratyAnayana] ke sampAdanake lie hI pravRtta honese [sotA-pratyAnayana hI pradhAna phala hai| anya pradhAna nahIM hai] isalie ve aMga [kahalAte haiN| kavi bhI apanI icchAse [kisI vizeSa phalakA utkarSa varNana nahIM kara sakatA hai| kintu praucityake anusAra [hI vaha utkarSakA varNana karatA hai / jisa dhIroddhata prAdi [nAyaka ke kelie jo phala ucita ho usakA hI utkarSa varNana karanA caahie| aura mukhyavRttake lie kie gae prayatnake dvArA hI prAsaGgika [vRtta ko bhI siddhi karanI caahie| usa [prAsaM. gika vRttako siddhi] ke lie alaga prayatna karanepara to vaha bhI mukhya bana jaavegaa| 'tApasavatsarAja' nAmaka nATaka meM vatsarAja [udayana] ke kauzAmbIke rAjyako prApti rUpa mukhya phalake lie kie gae [vatsarAjake maMtrI yaugandharAyaNake vyApArase hI vAsavadattAkA samAgama aura padmAvatIkI prApti prAdi khya prAsanika kArya bhI siddha ho jAte haiN| [isI prakAra sarvatra mukhya phalakI prAptike lie kie jAne vAle vyApArase hI prAsaGgika kAryoMkI siddhi dikhalAnI caahie| usake lie alaga vyApArako AvazyakatA nahIM honI cAhie / anyathA vaha aGga na rahakara pradhAna bana jAyagA] / [kArikAmeM pAe hue] 'kvacit' isa padase [yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki jahA~ mukhya nAyaka [apane] phalako siddhike lie sahAyakako cAhatA hai vahAM hI prAsaGgika [carita] ko prAvazyakatA hotI hai| [vahIMpara usakA varNana karanA cAhie] saba jagaha nhiiN| jaise zrI bhavanuta cUr3AmariNa bhaTTa dvArA viracita 'kozAlikA' [nAmaka nATikAmeM kozAlikA [nAyikA] kI prAptikelie pravRtta vatsarAjakA [koI sahAyaka prahAta na hone se usameM] prAsaGgika [vRtta] yA caritra nahIM hai| athavA jaise hamAre banAye hue 'satyaharizcandra' [nAmaka nATakameM apanI pratijJAko
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________________ kA0 11, sU0 6 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 31 atha cAturvidhyameva spaSTayatisUtra 6]--nIrasAnucitaM sUcyaM, prayojyaM tadviparyayaH / UhyaM tadavinAbhUtaM, upekSyaM tu jugupsitam // 11 // nIrasaM araJja kam / anucitaM sarasapyanahaM AliGgana cumbanAdi / tat sUrya visskmbhaadibhirjaapym| tasya nIrasAnucitasya viparyayaH sarasamucitaM ca prayujyate, vAcikAdibhirabhinayaiH sAmAjikAnAM sAkSAdiva kriyate iti pryojym| tayoH sUcyaprayojyayoravinAbhUtaM dezAntaraprAptyAdau gamanAdi Uhyate svayaM vitayaM te iti upam / na nAma dezAntaraprAptiH pAdaviharaNAdikaM vinA bhavati / upekSyate brIDAdihetutvAdavagaNyate itrpekssym'| jugupsanIyaM bhojana-snAna-zayana-prasravaNAdi / yat punaruttararAmacarite sItAyAH, asmadupajJa nalavilAse araNye damantyAzca prayuktaM tat prastutatopayogitvAt raJjakatvAcca na duSTam / / 11 / / / pUrNa karanekelie pravRtta harizcandrakA [koI sahAyaka yA prAsaGgika vRtta yA caritra nahIM hai / kArikAke antameM pAe hue ] 'taccaturvidham' isa [pada] meM 'tat' [padase sAmAnya rUpase carita [arthAt vRtta, (1) sUcya, (2) prayojya, (3) abhyUhma arthAt kalpanIya aura (4) upekSya pAdi bhedoMse cAra prakArakA ho sakatA hai yaha bAta prandhakAra dvArA sUcita ko raI hai] // 10 // caritakI cAra avasthAe~ yA sthitiyA~- . aba [pichalI kArikAmeM batalAI huI caritakI] cAra prakArako sthitiko hI [isa kArikAmeM spaSTa karate haiM [sUtra ]-[prastuta caritameM jo kucha bhAga] nIrasa yA anucita ho vaha [vikhalAne yogya nahIM hotA hai apitu viSkambhakA dine anyoMkI ukti dvArA] sUcita karane yogya [hotA hai| [ataH usako 'sUcya' vRtta kahA jAtA hai, usake viparIta [arthAt sarasa aura ucita bhAga ho] 'prayojya' [abhinaya dvArA dikhalAne yogya hotA hai| usakA avinAbhUta [arthAt jisake binA 'prayojya' bhAgakA abhinaya hI na ho sake vaha bhAga svayaM] 'Uhya' [arthAt kalpanIya hotA hai| aura ghRNA utpanna karane vAlA [jugupsita bhAga] 'upekSaraNIya' [hotA] hai [arthAt usakA abhinaya nahIM karanA cAhie] // 11 // nIrasa arthAt jo manoraJaka na ho| anucita arthAt jo sarasa honepara bhI [dikhalAneke] ayogya ho jaise prAliGgana, cumbana prAdi, vaha 'sUcya' arthAt viSkambhaka prAdi dvArA jJApanIya [arthAt anyoMke varNana dvArA bodhya hotA hai| [mAge 'tadviparpayaH' kA artha karate haiM] usakA arthAt nIrasa aura anucita rUpa 'sUcya bhAgakA viparIta arthAt sarasa aura ucita hai vaha prayukta kiyA jAtA hai arthAt vAcika prAdi [cAroM prakArake] abhinayoM dvArA sAmAjikoM ke sAmane pratyakSa-jaisA kiyA jAtA hai isalie 'prayojya' [kahalAtA hai| una 'sUcya' tathA 'prayojya' donoMkA avinAbhUta [arthAt jisake binA 'sUcya' athavA 'prayojya' bhAgakA upapAdana ho na ho sake] jaise anya sthAnapara pahuMcaneke lie [aparihArya] gamana 'prAdiko svayaM kahA, 1. upekSyate vIDAdihetutvAdavagaNyate ityupekSyaM yojyam / 2. tayoH sUcya-prayojyayo jugupsanIyaM bhojana-snAna-zayana prasravaNAdi /
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________________ 32 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 12, sU0 10 atha anyAnapi vRttabhedAn darzayati[sUtra 10] prakAzaM jJApyamanyeSAM svagataM svahRdi sthitam / parAvRtya rahasyAkhyAnyasmai tadapavAritam // 12 // marthAt kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai isalie vaha 'Uhya' [kahalAtA hai / kyoMki pairoMse cele binA dUsare sthAnapara nahIM pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| jo upekSita kiyA jAtA hai arthAt lajjAdi-janaka honeke kAraNa anAhata kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'upekSya' [kahalAtA hai| [dhRNAke janaka] bhojanasnAna-zayana aura mUtra-tyAga prAdi [prasravaNa] jugupsita [kahalAte haiN| kintu 'uttararAmacarita' meM rAmako govameM par3I huI sItAkA aura hamAre banAe hue 'nalavilAsa' meM vanameM damayantIke zayanakA jo abhinaya dikhalAyA gayA hai vaha prastutameM upayogI hone aura manoraJjaka honeke kAraNa doSa nahIM hai // 11 // bhAvAbhivyakti ke nATakIya prakAra nATakameM aura loka meM bhI sArI bAteM eka hI rUpa meM se nahIM kahI jAtI haiM / bhinna-bhinna avasaroMpara bhinna-bhinna prakArakI zailIkA avalambana vArtAlApameM kiyA jAtA hai / koI bAta aisI hotI hai jo sabake sAmane kahI jAtI hai / koI aisI hotI hai jise vaktA dUsaroM se chipA kara apane taka hI sImita rakhanA cAhatA hai| ina donoM ke lie nATakameM alaga-alaga zailiyoM kA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai| jo bAta gopya nahIM hai, vaktA sabako usa bAtako sunAnA cAhatA hai usako nATyakI paribhASAmeM 'prakAzam' zabdase kahA jAtA hai| aura jisako vaktA anya sabase chipAkara kevala apane taka hI sImita rakhanA cAhatA hai isa prakArakI bAta ke lie nATakameM 'svagatam' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / ye 'prakAzam' tathA 'svagatam' zabda nATaka meM bhAvAbhivyaktikI vizeSa prakArakI zailIko sUcita karate haiN| 'svagatam' rUpameM kahI jAne vAlI bAta gopya hotI hai / parantu usakI gopyatA kevala abhinaya karane vAle pAtroM kI dRSTise hI hotI hai| nATaka ke dekhane vAle sAmAjikoMkI dRSTise nhiiN| nATaka meM likhate samaya jisako 'svagatam' likhA jAtA hai vaha bAta bhI sAmAjikoMko sunAnI hI hotI hai| anyathA sAmA rasAsvAda gaDabaDA jaaygaa| isalie abhinaya karate samaya usa svagata bhAgako bhI z2orase bolA jAtA hai ki jisase sAmAjikagaNa use spaSTa rUpase suna skeN| kevala mukha-mudrAdike dvArA aisA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai ki mAno vaklA apane mana meM hI kaha rahA hai / isI prakAra jo bAta aneka pAtroMse chipAkara kisI eka pAtra para prakaTa karanI hotI hai use anya logoMkI aora se mukha mor3akara usa eka vyaktise kahA jAtA hai| usako 'apavArita' nAmase kahA gayA hai / isa 'apavAritam' ko bhI sAmAjikako sunAnA avazya abhipreta hotA hai / isI bAta ko isa kArikAmeM likhate haiM--- praba vRtta [ko abhivyakti ke anya prakAroMko bhI dikhalAte haiM [sUtra 10] - anya sabako jatalAne yogya [vRtta yA bAta ko 'prakAzam' aura kevala apane hRdayameM sthita [gopya bAta] ko 'svagatam' [zailIse] kahA jAtA hai| [bahutoMse chipAkara eka hI vyakti para prakaTa karanekelie anyoMkI porase] mukha mor3akara rahasyakA kathana karanA 'apavAritam' kahA jAtA hai / 12 /
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________________ kA0 13, sU011 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 33 yad vRttamagopyatayA anyeSAmAtmavyatiriktAnAmapi jJApyaM tat prakAzata iti 'prakAzam' / yat punaranyeSAM gopyatayA svahRdya va sthitaM tat 'svagatama' / parAvRtya aGgavalanenAzrAvayitebhyaH parAGmukhIbhUya anyasmai rahasyAkhyA yA tadapavAryate bahUnAM pracchAdyata iti 'apvaaritm| AkhyAyate iti AkhyA / karmasAdhanaH / tena vRttamapavAritam / evamuttara. traapi||12|| [sUtra 11]-tripatAkAntaro'nyena jalpo yastajjanAntikam / AkAzoktiH svayaM-prazna-pratyuttaramAtrakam // 13 // jo bAta gopya na honese apanese bhinna anya logoMko bhI batalAne yogya hai usako prakAzita kie jAne ke kAraNa 'prakAzam' kahate haiN| aura jo [bAta] anyoM se chipAne yogya honese apane manameM hI rakhanI hotI hai usako 'svagatam' kahate haiM / zarIra ko ghumAkara jinako sunAnA nahIM hai unakI orase mukha mor3akara kisI dUsarese rahasyakA kathana karanA bahutose chipAe jAneke kAraNa 'apavAryate iti apavAritam' isa vyutpattike anusAra 'apavAritam' kahalAtA hai| jisako kahA jAya vaha 'pAkhyA' hai| [yaha kArikAmeM pAe hue 'sAkhyA' zabdako vyutpatti hai| isake anusAra prAkhyA zabda] karmameM [pratyaya karake] sikha hotA hai| isalie [karmabhUta arthAta kahA jAne vAlA] vRtta 'apavArita' [kahalAtA hai| isI prakAra prAge [jalpa pAdi zabdoMkI vyutpatti] bhI samajhanI cAhie // 12 // pichalI kArikA meM grantha kAroMne 'prakAzam', 'svagatam' aura 'apavAritam' ina tIna nATakIya paribhASAoMkI vyAkhyA kI thii| usI prasaMgameM cauthA 'janAntikam' zabda bhI nATakoMmeM prayukta hotA hai / 'janAntikam' aura 'apavAritam' zabda eka-dUsarese sambaddha kintu eka-dUsare se viparIta sthitike bodhaka haiN| jaba bahusaMkhyaka anya saba logoMse chipAkara koI bAta kisI eka hI vyaktipara prakaTa karanI hotI hai taba usako 'apavAritam' kahate haiN| isa 'bhapavAritam' kA lakSaNa pichalI kArikAmeM kiyA jA cukA hai| 'janAntikam' zabdakA prayoga usase viparIta sthitimeM hotA hai| jo bAta kisI eka hI vyaktise chipAkara anya bahusaMkhyaka vyaktiyoMpara prakaTa karanI hotI hai usake prakaTa karanekelie vizeSa zailIkA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai aura usa vizeSa zailIko 'janAntikam' kahA jAtA hai| isa zailImeM 'tripatAka' athavA 'vipatAkAkara' kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / 'janAntikam' ke samAna 'tripatAka' zabda bhI nAzya zAstrakA pAribhASika zabda hai| kaniSThikAke pAsa vAlI 'anAmikA' umalIko aMgUThese dabAkara zeSa tIna uMgaliyA uThAkara jo hAthakI sthiti banatI hai usako 'tripAtAkAkara' kahate haiN| isa prakAra hAthako mukhake pAsa lagAkara eka vizeya vyaktise chipAkara anyoM ko sunAne ke lie jo bAta kI jAtI hai usako 'janAntikam' kahate haiM / isIko Age likhate haiM [sUtra 11]-tripatAka [arthAt jisameM tIna uMgaliyAM uThI huI hoM isa prakArake] hAyako bIca meM lagAkara [eka vyaktise chipAkara bahusaMkhyaka manyoMke sAtha jo vArtAlApa hai
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________________ 34 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 13, sU0 11 jalapyate iti jalpo vRttameva / UrdhvasarvAgulirvakrAnAmikaH kararitrapatAkaH / so'ntaramazrAvyaM prati vyavadhAnaM yatra / anyena saha jalpo janAnAmekasyaiva gopyatvAt bahUnAmantika, zrAvyatayA nikaTaM, 'jnaantikm'| iha yad vRttamekasyaiva gopyaM bahUnAmagopyaM tajjanAntikam / tdvipriitmpvaaritm| praznazca pratyuttaraM ceti samAhAraH / apAtrakama, raGgapraviSTadvitIyapAtrarahitam / raGgapraviSTapAtreNa svayamAtmanaiva yaH prazno yaccottaraM tadAkAze pAtrAbhAvAt zUnye uktiH 'shraakaashoktiH'| ucyate iti uktiH / prshnottrvissyo'rthH| kvacit svottarArthamanubhASaNacchAyayA parakIyaH praznaH, kvacin svapraznasyAnubhASaNacchAyayA parakIyamuttaraM ityubhayapi AkA zoktiriti / / 13 / / vaha 'janAntika' aura binA pAtrake svayaMhI prazna tathA uttarakA kathana 'AkAzoktiH' [kahalAtA hai // 13 // ___ jo kahA jAtA hai vaha jalpa' 'vRtta' hI hotA hai / anAmikA uMgalIko jhukAkara aura saba aMguliyA~ uThI hoM aisA hAtha "tripatAka' [kahalAtA hai| usako prabhAvya [arthAt jisa eka vyaktiko bAta sunAnA abhISTa nahIM hai usa eka vyakti ke prati vyavadhAna jisameM banAyA jAya / [vaha jalpa "tripatAkAntaraH jalpaH' hamA] / anyoMke sAtha [vizeSa prakArakA] vArtAlApa ekahIke prati gopya hone, aura [bahutoMke prati bhagopya honese] bahutase jamoMke lie zrAvya honese 'prantika' arthAt nikaTa honeke kAraNa 'janAntika' [kahalAtA hai| [mAge 'apavArita' aura 'janAntika' kA vizeSa bheda dikhalAte hai-] inameMse jo bAta ekahI [vyakti] se chipAnA ho bahutoMse gopya na ho vaha 'janAntika' [kahalAtA hai| usake viparIta [arthAt bahutoMse gopya aura ekapara hI prakAzanIya artha] 'apavAritam' [kahA jAtA] hai| [ kArikAmeM pAe hue 'praznapratyuttaram' padameM ] prazna aura pratyuttara ina donoMkA samAhAra hai| 'apAtrakam' [ padakA ] raGgameM praviSTa dUsare pAtrase rahita [yaha bhAva hai] / raGga meM praviSTa pAtrake dvArA jaba svayaM apane-aApahI prazna aura pratyuttara kiyA jAtA hai vaha prAkAzameM arthAt dUsarA pAtra na honese zUnyameM kathana honese 'prAkAzoktiH' [kahalAtI hai| jo kahA jAya vaha [artha] 'ukti' hai / arthAt prazna aura uttarakA viSayabhUta artha [ukti padase abhipreta hai| isake bhI do prakAra hote haiM] kahIM svayaM uttara deneke lie anubhASaraNake dvArA dUsarekA prazna, aura kahIM apane praznake [uttara rUpa] anubhASaNa dvArA dUsarekA uttara [prAkAzoktike rUpa meM kahA jAtA hai| ye donoM hI prAkAzokti [kahalAte haiN| [anubhASaraNacchA. yAkA abhiprAya yaha hai ki usa parakIya prazna yA uttarako svayaM kahake sunAtA hai arthAta kahIM praznAMza AkAzabhASita rUpa hotA hai, aura kahIM uttara bhAga prAkAzabhASita rUpa hotA hai| isa 'AkAzabhASita' zabda kA prayoga bhI nATakoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ] // 13 // bAraha tathA teraha saMkhyAkI ina donoM kArikAoM meM nATakIya bhAvAbhivyaktikI pAMca zailiyAM dikhalAI haiN| inameM se 'prakAzam' tathA 'svagatam' ye donoM zabda paraspara sambaddha zamda hai| jaba 'svagatam' rUpase kahIMpara kucha bAta kahI jAtI hai taba usake bAda phira jahA~para gopanIya bAta samApta ho jAtI hai aura vaktA sabako sunAne yogya bAta kahanA prArambha karatA hai vahA~para 'prakAzam' zabdakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| hara jagaha 'prakAzam' zabdakA prayoga
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________________ kA0 13, sU0 11 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 35 nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki nATakakA sArA bhAga to sarvazrAvya arthAt 'prakAzam' hotA hI hai / usake lie hara jagaha 'prakAzam' likhane kI bhAvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai / usa 'prakAzam' ke bIca jahA~ kucha bhAga aisA zrA jAtA hai jise vaktA svayaM taka hI sImita rakhanA cAhatA hai usake lie 'svagatam' zailIkA prayoga hotA hai / yadyapi 'svagata' zabdase apane manameM kahI jAne vAlI "svagataM svahRdi sthitam" bAtakA hI grahaNa hotA hai kintu vaha bolI itane uccasvarase jAtI hai ki nATaka dekhane vAle sAmAjika usako suna sakeM / jahA~ koI aisI bAta kahanI hotI hai jisako usa samaya sAmAjikako bhI sunAnA abhISTa nahIM hotA hai vahA~ usa bAtako 'svagatam ' padase na kahakara 'karNe evamiva' likha kara kAnameM kahalAyA jAtA hai / 'svagatam' ke rUpa meM kahI jAne vAlI bAta kevala anya pAtroMse gopanIya hotI hai / sAmAjikoM se nahIM | eka bAra jaba 'svagatam' likha diyA gayA taba vaha 'svagatam' ke rUpameM kahI jAne vAlI bAta jahA~para samApta hotI hai usake bAda 'prakAzam ' padakA nirdeza karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / isalie 'svagatam' ke samAsa hone ke bAda 'prakAzam' kA ullekha nATakoM meM sarvatra kiyA hai gopanIya bAtako kahanekA eka prakArakA yaha 'svagatam' huaa| isake atirikta do prakAra aura bhI haiN| eka 'apavAritam' aura dUsarA 'janAntikam' / inameM se jaba eka vyaktise chipA kara pradhika vyaktiyoMpara bAtako prakaTa karanA abhISTa hotA hai taba usa bAtako 'janAntikam' nAmase kahA jAtA hai| 'janAntikam' zabdakA artha hI yaha batalA rahA hai ki bahuta se 'janoM' ke 'pratika' arthAt samIpa jo ho vaha 'janAntikam' kahalAne yogya hai / isalie 'janAntikam' ke rUpa meM kahI jAne vAlI bAta eka hI vyaktise gopanIya zrora bahutase janoMke lie zrAvya hone ke kAraNa unake 'antika' arthAt 'nikaTa' honese 'janAntika' nAmase kahI jAtI hai| isake viparIta jo bAta bahutoM se chipA kara eka hI vyaktipara prakAzita karane yogya ho usako pragaTa karane ke lie 'apavAritam' zabdakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / yaha zabda bhI nATakoM bahuta prayukta hotA hai / isa prakAra gopanIya bAtako prakaTa karane ke lie (1) 'svagatam ' ( 2 ) ' apavAritam' aura (3) 'janAntikam' ina tIna nATakIya prabhivyakti-zailiyoMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| ina sabhI zailiyoMke dvArA abhivyakta kie jAne vAle bhAva sAmAjikoMke lie zrAvya hI hote haiN| isalie itane jorase abhivyakta kie jAte haiM ki sAmAjika binA kisI kaThinAIke unako suna sakeM / kevala abhinayakI mudrAoMoMke dvArA unakI gopanIyatAkA pradarzana kiyA jAtA hai| Age kahI jAne vAlI zrathavA pUrva kahI jo bAta sAmAjikako bhI nahIM sunAnI hotI hai usake lie inase bhinna (4) 'karNe evameva' kAnameM kahalAne kI cauthI zailI aura bhI pAI jAtI / hai usakA nirdeza yahA~ nahIM kiyA gayA hai zrAge 16vIM kArikA meM usakA ullekha kareMge yaha ' evameva' vAlI zailI nATakoM meM bahuta kama mAtrA meM virala rUpase hI prayukta hotI hai / eka nATaka meM eka bArase adhika isakA prayoga prAyaH nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / ( 5 ) prakAzam vAlI pAMcavI zailI mukhya abhivyajanA-zailI hai / jo sAre nATakoM meM pradyattaM vyApaka rahatI hai / / 13 / /
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________________ nATyadarpaNama 36 ] atha vRttasya kartavyaguNAnAha [ sUtra 11] - svampapadyaM laghugadyaM zliSTAvAntaravastukam sindhu-sUryendu- kAlAdivarNanAdhikyavarjitam // 14 // suSThu prasannArtha prasiddhazabdaM alpaM parimitaM padya yatra / gadya ena hyarthaH kathyamAnaH sukhAvabodho bhavati / laghu hRdyaM parimitaM ca gadyaM yatra / karkazaM bahusamAsaM ca gadya durbIdhatvAt khedamupanayati / zliSTAni pAramparyeNa pradhAnaphalasambaddhAni zravAntarANi prastutAntarAlavartIni vastUni yatra / nATye hi tadevAvAntaraM vRttamAyojyaM yat pAramparyeNa pradhAnaphalasAdhakam / yathA ratnAvalyAM plavagasampAtaH sAgarikAnurAgabIasya phalakasya samprAptihetuH / yathA vAsmadupajJe nalavilAse kApAlika vidUSaka niyuddha rAjJonurAgamUlasya damayantI pratikRtidarzanasya hetuH / sindhurnadI samudro vA / sUryendubhyAM tadudayastau gRhyate / kAlo vasantAdiH prabhAvAdizca / AdizabdAt giri-madhupAnajalakrIDAdi / sindhyAdika hi kAvyakaNDUvazAnniSphalaM na varNanIyam / saphala madhye kena dvAbhyAM vA vRttAbhyAm | adhikyantu rasamantarayatIti ||14|| [ kA0 14, sU0 11 nATaka racanAviSayaka vizeSa bAteM--- agalI do kArikAnoM meM granthakAroMne nATakakI racanA meM dhyAna rakhane yogya kucha vikSeSa bAtoMkA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai aba vRttake [arthAt nATakakI racanA ke avazya ] karane yogya guNoM ko kahate haiM [ sUtra 11 ] - sundara aura thor3e padyoM tathA sarala gadyase evaM paraspara sambaddha zravAntara [kathA Adi ] vastuoM se yukta, samudra, nadI, sUrya-candra [ke udayAsta ] zraura [ vasanta yA prabhAta zrAdi ] kAlake adhika varNanase rahita [arthAt svalpa varNana yukta nATakakI racanA karanI cAhie yaha bAta nATya-racanA meM pravazya kartavya arthAt vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya hai / 14 / sundara arthAt sarala artha aura prasiddha zabdoM vAlA, thor3A zrarthAt parimita padya jisameM ho [yaha svalpapadyaM kA artha humA ] | kyoMki gadya ke dvArA kahA gayA zrartha jaldI samajhameM lA jAtA hai / 'laghu' arthAt manohara aura parimita gadya jisameM ho [ yaha 'laghugadyaM' kA artha hai ] / karkaza aura adhika samAsoM vAlA gadya kaSTadAyaka hotA hai zliSTa arthAt paramparAse pradhAna phala se hI sambandha rakhane vAlI avAntara arthAt prastutake bIca meM prayukta vastue~ jisameM hoM [yaha 'zliSTAvAntaravastukam ' kA artha hai ] / nATakameM usI pravAntara kathAvastu kI yojanA karanI cAhie jo paramparayA pradhAna phalakI sAdhaka ho / jaise ratnAvalI zrAnA, sAgarikA [ udayanake prati] anurAgake sUcaka citrapaTakI jaise hamAre banAe hue nalavilAsa meM kApAlika aura vidUSakakA jhagar3A rAjA [ nala] ke [ damayantIke prati] anurAgake sUcaka damayantIke citrake darzanakA hetu hai / sindhukA zrartha nadI zrathavA samudra hai| sUrya aura indu pase unake udaya astakA praharaNa hotA hai / prAvi zabdase parvata, madhupAna, jalakrIDA prAdi [ kA grahaNa hotA hai] / kevala kAvyaracanAkI khujalI miTAne ke lie samudra zrAdikA vyartha varNana nahIM karanA caahie| sArthaka honepara bhI eka-do zlokoM [nATikA ] meM bandarakA prAptikA hetu hai / prathavA
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________________ kA0 15, sU0 12 ] prathamA vivekaH [12] - ekAGgirasamanyAGgamadbhUtAntaM rasormibhiH / alaGghitamalaGkAra-kathAGgaira galadrasam // 15 // eko nAyakaucityenAnyatamo zraGgI pradhAnaraso yatra / anye aGgirasAdapare rasA zraGga' gauNA yatra / nATakaM hi sarvarasaM, kevalameko aGgI, tadapare gauNAH / adbhuta eva raso ante nirvahaNe yatra / yataH zRGgAra-vIra - raudraiH strIratna- pRthvIlAbha-zatrukSayasampattiH / karuNa-bhayAnaka- vIbhatsaiH tannivRttiH / iti iyatA krameNa lokottarAsambhAvyaphalaprAptau bhavitavyamante adbhutenaiva / api ca nATakasyAsAdhAraNavastulAbhaH phalatvena yadi na kalpyate tadAnIM kriyAyAH phalamAtraM 'kilidastyeveti kiM tatropAyavyutpAdanaklezena / 'rasormibhI' rasAdhikyena 'alaGghita' avicchinnam / na nAma rasaparatayA kathA zarIramantara yet / se hI karanA caahie| kyoMki lambA varNana rasako tirobhUta kara detA hai / isa kArikA meM 'svalpapadyaM' zabda vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna dene yogya hai / vaise 'svalpa' zabda eka sAdhAraNa zabda hai / usakA prathaM 'thor3A' hotA hai / isalie 'svalpapadya' kA artha 'thor3e padyoM vAlA' yaha honA caahie| kintu granthakArane yahA~ usakI jo byAkhyA kI hai usameM unhoMne 'svarUpa' padako su + alpa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara 'su' kA artha 'suSThu prasannArtha prasiddhazabda, tathA 'alpa' kA artha parimita kiyA hai| isalie yaha zabda vizeSa rUpase dhyAna dene yogya hai / yahA~ taka caudahavIM kArikAko vyAkhyA samApta ho gaI / kintu yaha viSaya prabhI pUrNa nahIM huA hai / magalI kArikAmeM bhI isI viSayakA varNana kiyA gayA hai / [ sUtra 12] - jisameM eka rasa pradhAna aura anya rasa zrapradhAna hoM grantameM pradbhuta rasa [ kA niveza ] ho kintu rasAdhikyase [ kathAbhAga ] vicchinna na hone pAMve, sAtha hI alaGkAra yA kathA Adi [ke prAdhikya ] se rasakA viccheda bhI na hone pAve [isa ina saba bAtoMkA dhyAna rakhate hue hI nATakakI racanA karanI cAhie] / 15 / nAyakake praucityake anusAra koI eka rasa jisameM pradhAna ho [ yaha 'ekAGgirasa' kA artha hai ] / 'anya' arthAt pradhAna rasase bhinna rasa jisameM praGga prarthAt gauraNa ho / nATaka meM [vaise to ] sAre rasa hote haiM kintu eka rasa pradhAna aura usase bhinna saba gauNa hote haiM / antameM arthAt nirvaharaNa- sandhimeM pradbhuta rasa hI honA caahie| kyoMki zRGgAra, vIra, raudra rasoMke dvArA strIratna prathavA rAjyAdikA lAbha aura zatruke vinAza prAdiko siddha hotI hai / praura karuNa, bhayAnaka tathA vIbhatsake dvArA [pratinAyakako ] una [strIratna rAjya Adi prApti ] kI nivRtti hotI hai / isa lie isa prakArase [sabhI rasoMkA nATaka meM upayoga hotA hai aura ] lokotara sambhAvya phala prApti [ke dilAne] meM antameM adbhuta rasa honA caahie| [ isakI siddhi ke lie dUsarA hetu yaha bhI hai ki ] yadi zrasAdhAraraNa vastukI prAptiko nATakakA phala na mAnA jAya to pratyeka kriyAkA kucha-na-kucha phala to avazya hotA hI hai phira usake lie upAyoMkA avalambana karane se kyA lAbha? rasakI laharoMse prarthAt rasake prAdhikyase [jisakI kathAvastu ] laMghita arthAt vicchinna na ho| rasa- pradhAna hokara kabhI kathAke svarUpako vicchina na kare / 1. na kiJcit / [ 37
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 16,17, sU0 13,14 alaGkArAH shlessopmaadyH| kathA vRttam / aGgAnyupakSepAdIni, aGgabhUtA rasAzca, tairagalana atruTana raso yatra / ta eva zleSopamAdayo vidheyA ye rasaniSpattiprayatnenaiva niSpadyante / vRttAnte aGgAni upakSepAdIni ca tathA nibandhanIyAni yathA rasamantarayanti / aGgabhUtA rasAzca tathA niyojyA yathA na nAGginaM rasaM tirodadhata iti // 1 // atha vRttabandhazikSAmAha[sUtra 13]- uktatvAd vakSyamANatvAd bhUyaH kAryAd yaducyate / tat karNe zrAvayed yena na yAti punaruktatAm // 16 // ukta pUrva, vakSyamANaM puraH prakAzyamAnam / prayojanavazAd bhUyo'pi yad vRttamucyate tat punaruktatAbhayAta pAtrasya karNe kaviH zrAvayet / tathA ca dRzyate 'karNe evameva' // 16 // [sUtra 14]-gopucchakezakalpAni nATyavastUni kalpayet / udAttA raJjakA bhAvAH sthApanIyAH puraH purH||17|| gopucchamya ca kezA: kecit stokamAtrayAyinaH, kecinmadhyAvadhayaH, keci. dantavyApinaH / evaM prabandhavastUnyapi / yathA ratnAvalyAM pramodotsavo mukhasandhAveva niSThitaH / mukhopakSipto bAbhravyAdivRttAntazca nirvhnnaarmbhe| ratnAvalI prApsyA ___ alaGkAra zleSa upamAdi hai / kathA arthAt vRttAnta / aGgase upakSepa Adi aGgoM tathA apradhAna rasoMkA praharaNa hotA hai| unase [arthAt zleSAdi alaGkAra, avAMtara kathA aura upakSepAvi aGgoM athavA apradhAna rasoM] ke dvArA jisameM [pradhAna] rasakA viccheda na ho| unhIM zleSa upamAvikA prayoga karanA cAhie jo rasa-siddhike lie kie jAnevAle prayatnase hI siddha ho sakate hoN| aura kathAbhAgameM upakSepa prAdi aGgoMkI racanA isa prakArase karanI cAhie ki jisase ve rasako tirobhUta na kara skeN| tathA aGgabhUta apradhAna rasoMko isa DhaMgase rakhanA cAhie ki ve pradhAna rasako tirobhUta na kara sakeM // 15 // aba kathAbhAgako racanAko zikSAko kahate haiM-- [sUtra 13]-pahale kahe hue yA prAge kahe jAnevAle [kathAbhAga] ko yadi kAryavaza phira dubArA kahA jAya to usako [kavi 'kaNe evameva' likhakara] kAnameM kahalAve jisase vaha punavakta na ho|16| 'ukta' arthAt pahile kahA huA aura 'vakSyamANa' arthAt mAge kahe jAne vAlA jo artha prayojanavaza dubArA kahA jAtA hai usako punaruktise bacAnekelie kavi pAtrake kAnameM kahalAve / jaisA ki [nATakoMmeM] 'karNe evameva' [likhA] dekhA jAtA haiM // 16 // [sUtra 14]-nATakako 'nuoMko racanA gopucchake kezoMke samAna kre| aura jo udAtta tathA manoraJjaka bhAva hoM unako Age-Age [mukhyarUpase prastuta kare / 17 / gopucchake bAloMmeM kucha thor3I dUra taka ho jAte haiN| kucha bIca taka pahuMcate haiN| aura kucha anta taka phaile rahate haiN| isa prakAra nATakakI vastue~ bhI rakhanI caahie| jaise ratnAvalI [nATikA meM pramadotsava mukhasandhimeM hI samApta ho gayA hai| mukhasandhimeM sUcita
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________________ kA018, sa. 15 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 36 dayazca sArarUpAH padArthAH ante iti / udAttA uttmprkRtiyogyaaH| anudAttA api ye rakhakA bhAvAste sakalasyApi prabandhasya rasArohAthai puraH puro nivezanIyA iti||17|| athAnibandhanIyamAha[sUtra 15]-ayuktaM ca viruddhaM ca nAyakasya rasasya vaa| vRttaM yat tat parityAjyaM prakalpyamathavA'nyathA // 18 // ayuktamanucita, viruddha viparItam / prityaajymupekssnniiym| dhIralalitasya dhanucitaM parastrIsambhogAdi, viruddhaM dhIroddhatatvAdi / zRGgArasya pratyakSamAliGganacumbanAdi anucitaM, vIbhatsastu viruddhaH / anyatheti aucityenAvirodhena vA / yathA nalavilAse dhIralalitasya nAyakasya doSaM vinA sadharmacAriNIparityAgo'nucita iti kApAlikaprayogeNa nibaddhaH / evamanyadapyUhyamiti // 18 // bAbhravya prAvikA vRttAnta nirvahaNa-sandhike prArambhameM [samApta ho gayA hai] bhora rasnAvalIkI prApti mAdi sArabhUta padArtha aMtameM samApta hue haiN| udAtta [bhAva arthAt uttama prakRtike yogya [bhAva mukhyarUpase prastuta karane cAhie] aura anudAtta honepara bhI jo rajaka bhAva haiM ve bhI sAre nATakake rasake adhirohaNa [poSaNa] kelie mAge mAge [pradhAna rUpase] rakhane cAhie // 17 // ___ isa kArikAmeM granthakArane 'kaNe evameva' ko punaruktike bacAnekelie prayukta kie jAnevAle bhAvAbhivyakti ke sAdhanake rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai / kintu kahIM-kahIM usa samayakI sAmAjikase gopya bAtako abhivyakta karane ke lie bhI isa mArgakA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai| nATaka meM parityAjya ___ pichalI kArikAproMmeM nATakakI racanAmeM grahaNa karane yogya vizeSa bAtoMkI ora dhyAna dilAyA gayA thaa| aba isa kArikAmeM nATaka meM parityAga karane yogya bAtoMkA ullekha karate hue granthakAra dikhate haiM praba [nATakameM] na rakhane yogya [bAtoMko kahate haiM [sUtra 15] jo [bAta] nAyakake athavA [prakRta] rasake lie anucita yA viparIta ho usako parityAga kara denA cAhie [nATakameM pradarzita nahIM karanA cAhie] athavA anya prakArase usakI kalpanA kara lenA cAhie [arthAt usako badala denA cAhie / 18 / / prayukta arthAt anucita aura viruddha arthAt viparIta [arthako] paritlAjya arthAta upekSA karane yogya [samajhanA cAhie] / jaise dhIralalita [nAyaka kelie parastrIke sAtha sambhoga karanA anucita hai [isalie parityAjya hai] / aura dhIrodatatvAdi viruddha hai| [isalie dhIralalita nAyakake varNanameM usameM dhIroddhatatvake guNa-svabhAva prAdikA citraNa nahIM karanA caahie| prAge rasake lie anucita tathA viruddhakA udAharaNa dete haiM] pratyakSa dikhalAyA humA prAliGgana-cumbana Adi zRGgArake lie anucita, tathA bIbhatsa [rasakA pradarzana zRGgArarasake] viruddha hai| anya prakAra se [kalpanA kara lenA cAhie isakA artha yaha hai ki praucityake anusAra athavA jisase vaha virodhI na rahe isa prakArase [kalpanA karale] / jaise nalavilAsameM dhIralalita nAyakakelie binA doSake sahamiraNIkA parityAga anucita hai isalie kApA. likake prayogake kAraNa [nalane damayantIkA parityAga kiyA hai / isa rUpameM [anyathA kalpanA karake] pariNata kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra pragya [sthaloMpara bhI] samajha lenA caahie|
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________________ nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 16, sU016 'dharma-kAmArthasatphalam' iti sugamatvAdupekSya 'sAhopAyadazAsandhi' ityasmAdakapadaM lajJayati[patra 16j-avasthAyAH samAptirvA chedo vA kAryayogataH / aGkaH sabindu-dRzyArthaH caturyAmo muhUrtataH // 16 // avasthA vakSyamANAH prArambhAdikAH phaca / tatrAnyatamasyA avasthAyA upakama-niSpattibhyAM yA samAptiH / asamAptAyAmapyavasthAyAM kAryavazena yo vA chedaH khaeDana so'GkaH / kArya dUrAdhvagamanAdi ekAhAghaTamAnaM bhUyastvAdekAhAzakyAbhinayaM zakuntalA nATakameM duSyantake dvArA zakuntalAkI vismRti aura pratyAkhyAna bhI isI prakArakI ghaTanAeM haiM jinakI anyathA kalpanA dvArA kavine apane nAyakake caritako camakA diyA hai / mahAbhArata meM jahA~se ki zakuntalAkA pAkhyAna liyA gayA hai- duSyanta eka matyanta lampaTa prakRtikA rAjA hai| jo madhukarake samAna nae-nae puSpoMkA rasAsvAdana karanekA vyasanI hai| isI prasaGgameM usane kaNvamunike pAzramameM unakI anupasthitimeM pahu~cakara zakuntalAke sAtha saba kucha kiyA aura usako apane mahala meM bulAnekA vacana dekara bhI bhUla gyaa| para kAlidAsa ne isako duSyantakA svAbhAvika vyApAra na mAnakara durvAsAke zApako usakA kAraNa mAnA hai| kAlidAsane apanI isa prakriyA dvArA isake kAraNa rUpameM durvAsAke zApakI kalpanA karake duSyantako na kevala lampaTatAke isa doSase hI bacA liyA hai balki zakuntalAkA pratyAsyAna karavAkara use uccakoTike pAdarzacaritrake rUpameM citritakara usako dhIrodAtta nAyakakA rUpa pradAna kara diyA hai // 18 // aGkalakSaNa pAMcavIM kArikAmeM 'khyAtAdharAjacaritaM' prAdise nATakakA lakSaNa kiyA gayA thaa| usIkI vizeSa vyAkhyA mAge cala rahI hai| isameMse kevala 'khyAtAdyarAjacaritaM' isa prathama padakI hI vistRta vivecanA 18 vIM kArikA taka kI gaI hai| usa nATaka-lakSaNameM dUsarA pada 'dharmakAmArthasatphalam' yaha hai / parantu yaha pada bahuta sarala hai isalie isakI alagase vizeSa bhyAkhyA na karake, agale 'sAGkopAyadazAsandhi' ityAdikI vizeSa vyAkhyA Age prArambha karate haiM / isameM sabase pahalA 'aGka pada hai isalie isa kArikAmeM' 'aGka' kA lakSaNa karate haiN| 'dharmakAmArthasatphalam' yaha sarala [pada] hai isalie usako chor3akara agale sAGkopAyavaMzAsandhi' isa [agale vizeSaNa] meMse [prathama] 'aGka' padakA lakSaNa karate haiM--- [sUtra 16]- [kAryako prArambha prAvi rUpa] avasthAko samApti athavA kAryavaza [prasamApta avasthAkA bhI] viccheva [jo agale aGkako kathAke bIja athavA] binduse yukta paura [do ghar3I arthAt 48 minaTake] 'muhUrta' se lekara cAra prahara [bAraha ghaNTe] takake darzanIya arthase yukta ho vaha 'aGka' kahalAtA hai [yaha aGkakA lakSaNa huA] / 16 / avasthA [padase] Age kahe jAne vAlI prArambha [yatna prAptyAzA prAdi rUpa pA~ca haiN| unameMse kisIbhI eka avasthAkA prArambha aura pUrNatA dvArA samApti [aGkako niyAmikA hotI hai / usako aGka meM dikhalAnA cAhie] athavA asamApta avasthAkA bhI kAryavazase jo bIcameM viccheda prarthAt samApti kara dI jAya vaha [bho] prakakA niyAmaka] hai| 'kArya' padase yahA~
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________________ kA0 16, sU0 16 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 41 1 vA / tadvazAdavasthAyA antarAle yazchedaH kriyate so'pyaGka ityarthaH / etAvaDhaGka-lakSaNam / binduriti saha bindunA vartate / vicchinnavistRtArthasya uttarAGkamyAnusandhAnAtmA vRttasaMkSepa uttaratra vistAryamANatvAdudake telabinduriva 'bindu:' / pUrvottarayoraGkayorasambaddhArthatvaM mA bhUditi pUrvAGkamyAnte bindunibandhanIyaH / eka dinameM na ho sakane vAle dUra-dezagamana Adi zrathavA bahuta lambA honeke kAraNa eka dina meM jisakA zrabhinaya kiyA jAnA sambhava na ho [ usakA graharaNa hotA hai]| usake kAraNa jo avasthAkA bIca meM hI viccheda kara diyA jAtA hai vaha bhI 'praGka' [kA niyAmaka ] hai yaha abhiprAya hai| itanAhI kA lakSaNa hai [arfour ] 'sabindu:' [zrarthAt ] binduse yukta / [ pUrva meM] vicchinna vistRta arthakA gale meM sambandha dikhalAnevAlA kathAkA sUkSma bhAga, Age vistAra pAneke kAraraNa tailabinduke samAna 'bindu' [ kahalAtA ] hai / Age-pIche vAle zraGka paraspara prasambaddha na ho jAyeM isalie pUrva ke anta meM 'bindu' kI racanA karanI caahie| agalA zloka 'tApasavatsarAjacarita' ke tRtIya ke anta meM diyA gayA hai / zloka meM mukhya rUpa se vRkSa aura chAyAkA varNana kiyA hai / parantu usameM nAyaka-nAyikA ke vyavahArakA samAropa kara eka prakArakA vizeSa camatkAra utpanna kara diyA gayA hai| prAtaHkAlake samaya sUryamaNDala bilkula kSitijakA spazaMsA karatA huA hotA hai / isalie usa samaya vRkSoMkI chAyAkA parimAraNa bahuta lambA hotA hai / arthAt chAyA bahuta dUra taka phailI hotI hai / usake bAda jyoM-jyoM sUrya Upara car3hatA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM vRkSakI chAyA choTI hotI jAtI haiM / antako dopahara ke samaya vaha bilkula vRkSake nIce ikaTThI ho jAtI hai / aura vRkSa usa sArIkI sArI chAyA ko apane zarIra ke bhItara samAviSTa kara letA hai / vRkSacchAyA kI ina sthitiyoMko kavine mAninI nAyikAke vyavahArake sadRza dikhalAyA hai / mAninI nAyikA jaise prArambha meM pratyadhika mAna karake pati se rUThakara dUra calI jAtI hai isI prakAra vRkSakI chAyA meM ArambhameM arthAt prAtaHkAla ke samaya dIrgha parimAraNako grahaNa kara dUra taka phaila jAtI hai / phira jaise mAninI pazcAttApase pIr3ita hokara lAghavako prApta hotI hai arthAt mAnako chor3akara patike pAsa zrAtI hai isI prakAra Upara uThate hue sUryakA santApa vRkSakI chAyAko atyanta choTA banA detA hai / aura antameM jaba nAyikA sarvAtmanA nAyakakI vazavartinI hokara usakI godameM A jAtI hai taba nAyaka usako jaise AliGgana pAza meM bA~ca letA hai isI prakAra madhyAhna meM vRkSa priyAke samAna apane hI bhItara sampiNDita chAyAko sarvAtmanA apanA letA hai / yaha isa zlokakA bhAva hai / isa prakAra isa chAyA ke vyavahArapara nAyaka-nAyikA ke vyavahArakA zrAropa kara jisa hai usI prakArakA vyavahAra nATakake caturtha aGka meM nAyaka-nAyikAkA pAyA jAtA hai| isalie agale praGka viSayakA saMkSepa meM pratipAdaka honese isako 'bindu' ke udAharaNa rUpameM yahA~ prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 'bindu' padakA prayoga yahA~ 'tela- bindu' ke sAdRzyase kiyA jA rahA hai / choTAsA bindu jaise pAnI meM par3anepara bar3e zrAkAra meM phailatA jAtA hai isI prakAra binda ma kathita prathaM agale aGka meM vistRta rUpase phaila jAtA hai. isIlie usako 'bindu' kahate haiM / isIkA udAharaNa prAge dete haiM --- zloka meM kavine vRkSa praura vyavahArako sUcita kiyA
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________________ nATyadarpaNam Adau mAnaparigraheNa guruNA dUraM samAropitAM pazcAt tApabhareNa tAnavakRtA nItAM paraM lAghavam / utsaGgAntaravartinImanugamAt sampiNDitAGgImimAM sarvAGgaprayaM priyAmiva taruzchAyAM samAlambate // " iti tRtIyAsamAptau uttarAGkakAryAnusandhAyako binduH / yathA vA nalavilAse caturthe svayambarAGke nepathye vandI - vinyasyAbhinavodaye zriyamayaM rAzi pratApojjhito dyatasya vyasanIva dhUsara karaH santruTyadAzAsthitiH / nidrAyaddalalocanAM kamalinIM santyajya madhyevanaM krAmatyambarakhaNDamAtravibhavo dezAntaraM gopatiH / iti / / 42 ] yathA tApasavatsarAje jaise tApasa vatsarAja caritameM prArambha meM [chAyA-pakSameM prAtaHkAla aura nAyikA-pakSameM mAnake grAvimeM] prabala mAna [parimANa aura navaroM] ko graharaNa karake dUra taka phailI huI [chAyA pakSameM dUra taka phailI huI aura nAyikA pakSameM nAyakase dUra bhAgI huI ], vAdako tanutAko prApta karAne vAle santApa [nAyikA pakSameM pazcAttApa aura chAyApakSameM sUryake car3hAva] ke prAdhikyase pratyanta laghutAko prApta huI, isalie [dhanugamAt arthAt ] lauTakara aGgoMko sameTakara goda meM samAI priyAke samAna eturnt vRkSa saba bhaGgoMse prema pUrvaka grahaNa kara rahA hai / / yahA~ tRtIya prakI samApti meM dhagale makA sambandha jor3ane vAlA 'bindu' rakhA gayA ] hai / prathavA jaise nalavilAsake svayambarAGka nAmaka caturtha praGka [ke anta meM] meM nepathyameM bambI [sandhyAkAlameM sUryAstakA varNana karatA huA nimna zloka kaha rahA hai| isa ilokameM ise nalakI pravasthAkA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai] / [ yahA~ 'gopati' zabda ziSTa hai| usake vo dhartha hote haiM eka rAjA aura dUsarA sUrya / go pRthivIkA nAma hai| usakA pati arthAt rAjA nala aura 'sUrya' pakSameM 'gavAM kiraNAnAM patiH gopati sUryadeva:' isI prakAra prathama pAdameM bhAyA huA 'rAzi' ] rAjA pada bhI zilaSTa hai / usakA eka artha nalakA virodhI rAjA, cora dUsarA artha candramA hai| prabhI jisakA udaya huA hai isa prakArake rAjA [arthAt nala pakSameM apane virodhI rAjAko] yaha artha hotA hai / aura sUrya pakSameM candramAko] apanI lakSmI [nala pakSameM dhana-sampatti aura sUrya pakSameM teja ] bekara svayaM pratAparahita, huprA khelaneke vyasanI [jujhArI] ke samAna malina kiraNoM [jujhArI pakSameM karakA artha hAtha hogA ] vAlA banakara, aura [ santraTyadAzAsthiti: sUryake pakSameM usake prastonmukha ho jAnese prAzA arthAt ] dizAoMkI maryAdAko vilopa karatA huA [judhArI pakSameM jisakI prazAkI sthiti bilkula samApta ho gaI hai arthAt apanI jItase bilkula nirAza ho cukA hai isa prakArakA 'gopatiH' arthAt rAjA nala aura ] sUrya [donoM hI 'nidrAyaddalalocanA' sUrya pakSameM] jisakI paMkhur3I-rUpa prA~kheM micI jA rahI haiM isa prakAra kI kamalinIko [auaura nala pakSameM sotI huI damayantIko / sUrya pakSameM madhyevanaM] jalake bIcameM [pora mala pakSameM jaMgalameM ] [ kA0 16, sU0 16
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________________ kA0 19, sU0 16 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 43 ida ca padamupayogApekSam / tena sarvarUpakaparyatAkaghu, ekAGkaSu ca rUpakeSu, samavakArAdhaSu ca upayogAbhAvAd bindornibndhH| chor3akara kevala AkAzakA ekadeza [arthAt pazcima bhAga] hI jisakA vibhava raha gayA hai nila pakSameM 'ambara-khaNDamAtravibhavaH', jisake pAsa kevala eka vastra mAtra hI sampatti zeSa hai] isa prakArakA 'gopatiH' [arthAt sUrya aura dUsare pakSameM rAjA nala] dezAntarako [arthAta sUrya pakSa meM pAtAla lokako aura nala pakSameM anya sthAnako] jA rahA hai| yaha zlokakA sAdhAraNa artha hai| isameM vaMtAlika sandhyAkAlIna sUryAstake dRzyakA varNana kara rahA hai / para usameM agale aGkameM dikhalAI jAne vAlI sampUrNa ghaTanAkA bIja-rUpa se bar3A sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha caturtha aGka svayambarA hai| isameM nalakA damayantIke sAtha vivAhakA dRzya dikhalAyA gayA hai| agale maGkameM nalakI dyUtakrIr3A prAdikA varNana hai| nala itakIr3AmeM rAja-pATa saba kucha hArakara banameM cale jAte haiN| damayantI bhI unake sAtha jAtI hai / rAjA nala vahAM bhUkhase vyAkula hokara apanI sthitise bilkula nirAza ho jAte haiM paura mantameM bana meM jaba damayantI so jAtI hai to usako akelA chor3akara kahIM mora bhAga jAte haiN| isa saba ghaTanAkramako agale aGkameM dikhalAyA gayA hai| kintu yahA~ kavi ne vaitAlikake dvArA kie jAne vAle caturtha aGkake isa antima zloka meM usa sAre ghaTanAkramako zleSa dvArA bar3e sundara rUpameM vyakta kara diyA hai| nala jue meM hArakara navIna sampatti prApta karane vAle vijayI rAjAko apanI sampatti prarpaNa kara aura svayaM pratApa-rahita hokara dhUtavyasanIke samAna malina hAtha aura sampUrNa AzApoMkA parityAga kara atyanta nirAza hokara kevala eka kapar3ekA Tukar3A hI jinakA vaibhava zeSa raha gayA hai isa prakArake gopati arthAt pRthivIpAla banakara 'nidrAyaddalalocanA' kamalinIke samAna damayantIko vanameM akelA sotA huA chor3akara kisI anya dezako cale jAte haiM yaha artha bhI zleSa dvArA isa zlokase sUcita kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra saMkSepameM pragale aGkakI kathAkA sUcaka hone se yaha aGkake anta meM par3hA huA yaha zloka 'bindu' kA sundara udAharaNa bana par3A hai| isa prakAra 'sabinduH' padase, pUrva prakake antarma agale aGka meM Ane vAlI kathAkA sambandha sUcita karanekelie 'bindu' kI racanA prAvazyaka batalAI gaI hai| jisa prakAra pAnI meM par3A huprA telakA bindu phailakara vistIrNa ho jAtA hai isI prakAra prazAntameM 'bindu' pase jisa kathA-bhAgakA saMketa kiyA jAtA hai vaha kathA-bhAga agale aGkameM vistRta hokara phaila jAtA hai| isIlie aGkAntameM kie jAne vAle isa saMkSipta saMketa ke lie yahA~ bindu' zabdaphA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| yaha vindu pratyeka praGkake antameM avazya ho yaha prAvazyaka nahIM hai apitu upayogakI apekSAse hI usakI racanA kI jAtI hai| jahAM usakA upayoga nahIM ho sakatA hai vahIM usakI racanA prAvazyaka nahIM hai / jaise nATaka prAdike antima prakSoM meM bindukA koI upayoga nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki usake prAge to phira koI nayA aMGka mAnA hI nahIM hai jisameM usakA vistAra ho ske| isalie antima praGkameM 'bindu' kA sanniveza nahIM kiyA jAtA hai / isI prakAra ekAGkI nATakoMmeM bhI dUsarA koI praGka na honese 'bindu' kA koI upayoga nahIM hotA hai| isa bAtako mAge likhate haiM
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________________ 44 ] mATyadarpaNam [ kA0 16, sU016 'dRzyArthaH' iti dRzyA, rajakatvAd darzanIyA, arthA nAyakaparitopabhogA yatra / caritAsAkSAtkAre hi prekSakANAmavyutpattiH / sambhogAsAkSAtkAre ca kimanena mahAklezeneti vairasya syAt / zApAvasAnavivAhAdayo'pi rajakatvAt sAkSAtkAryAH / yathA urvazyAH zApodbhavasya latAbhAvasya naashH| dRzyAvinAbhAvinau sUcyo-Usau apyau~ kvacid bhavataH / etadakasya svarUpam / yaha [bindu] pada upayogakI dRSTise ho rakhA gayA hai| isalie sAre rUpakoMke antima paDoM meM, ekAGkI rUpoM meM aura samavakAra prAdike paTToMmeM upayoga na honese 'bindu' kI racanA nahIM kI jAtI hai| __ aGkake lakSaNameM 'sabinduH' ke bAda pragalA 'dRzyArthaH' pada hai| isalie agale anucchedameM usakI vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM _ 'dRzyArthaH' isase [yaha abhiprAya hai ki] dRzya arthAt manoraJjaka honese dekhane yogya artha arthAt nAyakake carita aura upabhoga jisameM hoM [vaha 'dRzyArthaH' imaa| isameM carita aura upabhoga donoMkA sAkSAtkAra prAvazyaka hai| kyoMki] caritakA sAkSAtkAra na honepara dekhanevAloMko [rAmAdivat pravartativyaM na rAvaNAdivat isa prakArako] zikSA prApta nahIM ho sakatI hai| aura sundara bhogakA sAkSAtkAra na honepara [nAyakake dvArA uThAe gae] isa mahAn klezase kyA lAbha huA aisA anubhava honese [nATaka] nIrasa ho jaaygaa| zApakI nivRtti aura vivAha prAdi bhI raJjaka honese [aMkake bhItara] sAkSAt dikhalAne caahie| [arthAt unakA dikhalAnA niSiddha nahIM hai] / jaise [vikramorvazImeM] urvazIke zApavaza prApta hue latAbhAvako nitti [dikhalAI gaI] hai / dRzyake pravinAbhUta honese 'sUcya' aura 'Uhya' artha bhI kahIM [aGkameM ho sakate haiM / yaha paGkakA svarUpa hai / ___yahA~para granthakArane 'etadaGkasya svarUpam' kahA hai| isake pUrva 36 pRSTha para etAvadaGkalakSaNam' yaha likha cuke haiN| arthAt aGkake lakSaNako vyAkhyA karate hue eka jagaha 'etAvadaGkalakSaNam' aura dUsarI jagaha 'etadaGkasvarUpam' yaha likhA hai| isa do prakArake lekhakA vizeSa prayojana hai| lakSaNa do prakArake mAne gae haiM eka taTastha lakSaNa aura dUsarA svarUpa-lakSaNa / jo svarUpake antargata na hokara bhI anyase bheda karAne vAlA ho usako 'taTasthalakSaNa' kahate haiM / aura jo svarUpake antargata hokara pranyase vyAvRtti karAtA hai vaha 'svarUpalakSaNa' kahalAtA hai / jaise 'janmAdyasya yataH' jisase jagatkA janmAdi arthAt utpatti, sthiti paura pralaya hotA hai vaha brahma yA Izvara hai| isameM jagatkA janmAdi Izvara yA brahmake svarUpake antargata na honepara bhI vyAvartaka honese 'taTastha-lakSaNa' kahalAtA hai| mora 'saccidAnandaM brahma' prAdi brahmake 'svarUpa lakSaNa' hote haiN| isI prakAra yahA~ 'pravasthAyAH samAptirvA chedo vA kAryayogataH' yaha praGkakA 'lakSaNa' arthAt 'taTastha lakSaNa' hai aura 'sabinduH dRzyAyaH' yaha mahakA 'svarUpa' arthAt svarUpa-lakSaNa hai / isa abhiprAyase ye donoM pada likhe gae haiN| isa prakAra 'aGka' ke lakSaNa tathA svarUpakA pratipAdana karane ke bAda agale caraNa meM andhakAra 'aMka' ke kAla-parimANakA nirdeza karate haiN| isameM eka muhUrta arthAta do ghar3I [48 minaTa] se mekara cAra pahara [12 ghaNTA] taka aMkakA kAla-parimANa batalAyA hai / marthAt eka maMkakA vistAra utanA hI honA cAhie jisakA abhinaya isa samayake bhItara
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________________ [ 45 kA0 16, sU016 ] prathamo vivekaH 'cAturyAmo muhartatA' iti muhUrtAdArabhya yAmacatuSTayaM yAvat / sarvApakarSaNa ghaTikAdvayAbhine yH| sarvotkarSeNa triMzadghaTikAbhineyaH / muhUrtAdapyapakarSe prayogAparipUrNatvena, yAmacatuSTayAdapyAdhikye Avazyakakarmavirodhena ca prekSaka-prayovataNA vairasyaM syAt / etadakasyApakRSTamadhyamotkRSTaM kAlamAnamiti / / amunA vRddhasampradAyAyAtenAGkalakSaNena vakSyamANanItyA aGkasaMkhyAparimANa. mupapadyate / ye tu vRddhasampradAyamavadhUya aGkamadhye'pyavasthA samApayanti tanmatasaMgrahArtha uttarArdhameva lakSaNam / atra punaraGkasaMkhyAniyamakAraNamaparamanveSyamiti // 16 // samApta ho sake / isI bAtako bhAge kahate haiM _ 'caturyAmo muhurtataH' arthAt 'muhUrta' se lekara cAra pahara [jisakA abhinaya ho]| arthAta kamase-kama [muhUrta bhara do ghar3I [48 minaTa] meM abhinaya karane yogya / aura adhikase-adhika [cAra prahara] tIsa ghar3I [bAraha ghaNTe meM abhinaya karane yogya / muhUrta se bhI kama [prayogasamaya] honepara prayogake apUrNa raha jAnese, aura cAra paharase bhI adhika [abhinaya] honepara [sandhyAcandana pravi] prAvazyaka kAryomeM vighna par3anese dekhane vAloM aura abhinaya karane vAloM [donoM] ke lie hI arucikara ho jaavegaa| yaha [kAlako dRSTise] aGkakA kamase kama, madhyama aura sabase adhika kAla-parimAraNa kahA hai| yahAM sabase adhika jo cAra prahara arthAt bAraha ghaNTekA abhinayakA kAla-parimANa likhA hai vaha kevala ekAGkI rUpakoM meM hI lAgU ho sakatA hai / aneka aMkoM vAle nATaka mAdi meM eka-eka aMkakA abhinaya cAra prahara meM samAta ho yaha bAta to bilkula prasaGgata hai| prataH use kevala ekAMkI rUpakoM taka hI sImita samajhanA caahie| madhya kAla-parimAraNa yadyapi yahA~ likhA nahIM gayA hai kintu inake bIca meM kahIM bhI svayaM samajhA jA sakatA hai / isalie madhyamakA bhI ullekha vyAkhyAkArane kara diyA hai| nyUnatama parimANa eka muhUrta arthAt do ghar3I yA 48 minaTakA mAnA gayA hai| pUrvAcAryoMke matAnusAra paramparAse pAe hue isa pra-lakSaNase prAge kahI jAne vAlI praGkoMko saMkhyAkA parimANa bhI bana jAtA hai| jo loga prAcIna prAcAryoke matako upekSA karake aDke bIca meM bhI avasthAko samAdhi kara dete haiM unake matakA saMgraha karaneke lie uttarAdha hI lakSaNa hai| aura isa matameM aGkasaMkhyAke niyamakA koI aura kAraNa khojanA hogA // 1 // nATakoMkI aGka saMkhyAkA viSaya isa kArikAmeM aGkake lakSaNase prakoM kI saMkhyA nizcayakI bAta kahI hai / usakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki avasthAko samApti eka aGkameM ho karanI cAhie, athavA kAryavaza usakA viccheda jahA~ hotA hai vaha praGka kahalAtA hai| arthAt aGkakI racanA pravasthAnoMke prAdhArapara kI jAtI hai| nATakameM prastuta kAryako 1 prArambha, 2 yala, 3 prAptyAzA, 4 niyatApti aura 5 phalAgama ye pAMca avasthAeM mAnI gaI haiN| unakA varNana prAge hogaa| inameM se samAnyataH eka-eka avasthAkI eka-eka aMkameM pUrNatA honepara mATakakI samApti pAMca aMkoM meM ho jAnI maahie| yadi kisI avasthAkI pUtimeM do aMka laga jAya to nATakake maMka ho sakate hai| ho abasthAnoMmeM do-do aMka laga jAne para sAta yA pAMcoM pravasthAnoM meM do-do aMka laga jAne
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________________ nATyadarpaNama / kA0 20, sU017 athAsya lakSaNazeSa saMkhyAparimANamAha-- [catra 17]-AvazyakAvirodhyarthaH svalpapAtraH snirgmH| paJcasaMkhyo'pakarSeNa dazasaMkhyaH prakarSataH // 20 // ekasminnaGka tAvadavAntagaNi bahUni kAryANi na nibandhanIyAni / yatrApi nibadhyante tatrApyAvazyakasya sandhyAvandana-bhojanAdevirodhena / suSTu kAryopayogIni alpAni saMkhyayA pAtrANi yatra / tatrotkarSe daza, madhyamagatyA aSTau, apakarSaNa catvAri panca vA pAtrANi / Adhikye tu pAtrasammanaiva abhinayacatuSTayaM prekSakANAmavibhAvanIyaM syAt / prabhutapuruSasAdhya parvatoddharaNAdi na raGga darzanIyamityuktaM bhavati / samavakArAdau tu bahupAtratve'pi vizeSopAdAnAnna doSaH / sanirgamaH' iti nigamo raGgapraviSTapAtrANAM svakAryANi kRtvA niSkramo javanikayA tirodhAnam / para adhikase-adhika dasa aMka taka rakhe jA sakate haiN| isa prakAra nATakoMkA kamase-kama pAMca bhaura adhikase-adhika dasa aMkoMke rakhanekA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| vaha saba vidhAna bhavasthAmoMko vibhAjanakA prAdhAra mAnakara hI kiyA gayA hai| isa bAta kA pratipAdana pragalI kArikAmeM karate haiM aba maDake lakSaNake zeSa bhAga aura saMkhyA-parimANako kahate haiM [sUtra 17] -mAvazyaka [sandhyA-vandana-bhojana prAdi kAryoM meM bAdhA na DAlanevAlA jisakA [abhineya] artha hai [isa prakArakA], sundara aura parimiti-saMkhyA vAle pAtroMse yukta, tathA [antameM sAre pAtroMke] bAhara cale jAne [ko dikhalAne vAlA kamase-kama pAMca saMkhyA aura adhikase-adhika vasa saMkhyA yukta aGka hotA hai / [yaha 19-20 do kArikAnoMko milA kara praDakA lakSaNa banatA hai] / 20 / eka aGkameM bocake bahutase kAryokA samAveza nahIM karanA caahie| jahA~ kahIM karanA hI par3e vahAM bhI prAvazyaka sandhyA-vandana bhojanAdi kAryomeM bAdhA na pAne venA caahie| suSchu, sundara arthAt kAryameM upayogI bhora saMkhyAko dRSTise 'alpa'-kama-pAtra, jisameM ho [baha 'svalpAtra' hA] / isameM [arthAt pratyeka prameM adhikase-adhika basa, madhyama rUpameM pATha paura aura kamase-kama cAra yA pAMca pAtra hone caahie| adhika [saMkhyA honepara to pAtroMkI bhIr3a-bhAr3ake kAraNa hI cAroM prakArake abhinaya dekhanevAloMko beka tarahase nahIM bola skeNge| isakA yaha prAzaya bhI humA ki bahuta adhika puruSoMke dvArA sAdhya parvatakA uThAnA prAdi kArya raGgabhUmimeM nahIM dikhalAne caahie| samavakAra prAdimeM to adhika pAtra honepara bhI vizeSa [abhinayoM kA grahaNa ho sakane [meM bAdhA na hone se doSa nahIM hotA hai| [arthAt samavakAra mAvimeM basase adhika pAtra bhI aGka meM rakhe jA sakate haiM] / 'sanirgama', arthAt raGgameM pAe hae pAtroMkA apane kAryoko karake bAhara calA jAnA arthAt javanikAke pIche calA jAnA [jisameM ho vaha aGka kahalAtA hai| samavakArAdimeM dazase adhika pAtra honepara bhI 'vizeSopAdAnna doSaH' abhinayake vizeSa rUpoMkA grahaNa karane meM koI doSa nahIM hotA hai yaha bAta jo yahA~ kahI hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki samavakArameM devatAmoM athavA daityAdikA mabhinaya dikhalAyA jAtA hai isalie usakA
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________________ kA0 20, sU0 17 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 47 'pazcasaMkhyaH' iti atyantastokatAyAM pADDAH / sarvotkarSeNa daza / madhyamavRtyA paTa, sapta, aSTau, nava 'ityaGkasaMkhyAyA bhedAH / yadA ekaikasyAmavasthAyAM ekaikoDastadA pacAGkAH / yadA tu kAryavazena kAvyavasthA upakramopasaMhArAbhyAM chidyate tadA SaTU / eka upakramAGkaH, eka upasaMhArAGkaH / aparAvasthAcatuSTayasya tu catvAraH / evaM kRtvA aSTau nava ca / sarvAvasthAbhede tu dazeti / yadApi kAryabahutvAt kAvyavasthA vyaGkA tadApyutkarSato dazeva / ekasyAH kasyAzcidekAGkakaraNAt / ekasyAM cAvasthAyAmaGkatrayaM dRzyate / yathA veNIsaMhAre garbhasandhau prAptyAzAvasthAlaMkRte tRtIya- caturtha pacamA zraGkAH / nyUnatve tvaGkAnAmekAGka tApi syAt / tathA ca paJca sandhayo nopasaMhiyeran / zradhikye punaraniyata saMkhyatvaM syAditi madhyamA vRttirAzrIyate / nATikA-prakarayostu caturaGkatvama / kasyAzcidavasthAyA avasthAntare mizraNAditi // 20 // maNDapa bhI sAmAnya nATya-maNDapane bahuta bar3A banatA hai| isalie usameM abhinaya avyakta nahIM hotA hai / mAnava-caritakA abhinaya pradarzita karane ke lie jo madhyama maNDapa banatA hai usameM adhika pAtroMke zrA jAnepara abhinaya pravyakta ho jAtA hai| isalie nATakAdimeM dasa pAtroMse adhika pAtroMke eka sAtha raGgabhUmimeM dhAnekA niSedha hai / 'paJjA' 'pA~ca praGka vAlA' isase kamase kama pA~ca ajU hoM [ yaha abhiprAya hai ] / sabase adhika dasa [ ho sakate haiM] / madhyama dazAmeM chaH, sAta, mrATha yA nau taka kI saMkhyAke bheda ho sakate haiM / jaba [pUrvoka pA~ca avasthAoMmeMse ] eka-eka avasthAke lie ekaeka aGka ho taba pA~ca dha hue| jaba kAryavaza kisI avasthAkA upakrama aura upasaMhAra [alaga-alaga do proMmeM] baMTa jAtA hai taba chaH ma ho jAte haiN| eka upakramAGka / dUsarA upasaMhArAGka / aura zeSa cAroM avasthAoMoMke cAra ma [milakara chaH ma ho jAte haiM] / viaf [it] pravasthAoMke [upakrama upasaMhAra rUpameM alaga-alaga moMmeM] baMTa jAnepara to [milAkara ] dasa dha ho sakate haiN| aura aba kAryake prAdhikyake kAraNa kisI avasthAmeM tIna prakU ho jAyeM to bhI [saba milAkara ] praSika-se-adhika basa hI praGka hone caahie| [ isake lie ] kisI [anya] abasthA maiM eka hI aGka karake [kula saMsthA isase adhika nahIM honI caahie]| basa hI hone caahie| eka avasthAmeM tIna pra bhI pAe jAte haiN| jaise 'beraNIsaMhAra' meM prAptyAzA [rUpa tIsarI avasthA] se yukta 'garbhasaMdhi' [nAmaka tRtIya saMdhi-bheva] meM [nATakake] tRtIya caturtha aura paJcama [ tIna ] [ laga gae haiM] kama honepara to eka ajU bhI ho sakatA hai| kintu usase pA~coM saMghiyoM kA pradarzana nahIM ho sakegA / aura [isase bhI] adhika honepara saMkhyAkI koI prabadhi - nahIM rahegI isalie madhyama mArgakA avalambana karanA ucita hai| nATikA aura prakararaNImeM to cAra aGka hone caahie| kisI avasthAmeM dUsarI vyavasthAkA mizraNa kara denese [pacike sthAnapara cAra dha ho jAyeMge // 20 // 1. ityapasaMkhyA zubhedAH /
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________________ 45] darpaNam ayAGkAnibandhanIyamAha [ sUtra 18 ] - zrabhighAtaH pradhAnasya neturgrathyo na kutracit / [ kA0 21, sU0 18 bandhaH palAyanaM sandhiryojyo vA phalalipsayA ||21|| abhighAtaH zoNitahetuH prahAraH / pradhAnasya mukhyasya / tena patAkA prakarInAyakAdInAM prathayata eva / kutraciditi viSkambhakAdAvapi / sAmAnyoktAvapyabhighAtaH paraparakRtaH / tena yadasmAbhiH satyaharizcandre harizcandreNa devatopahArArtha svayaM svamAMsotkartanaM nibaddhaM na tad doSAya / ahnoM meM pradarzanIya tatva pichalI do kArikAoM meM praGkakA lakSaNa karaneke bAda aba agalI kArikA meM granthakAra yaha dikhalAnA cAhate haiM ki zraGkoM meM kina-kina bAtoMko nahIM dikhalAnA caahie| jina bAtoM kAmoM meM dikhalAne kA niSedha hai unameM pradhAna nAyakakA 'zrabhighAta' sabase mukhya hai / prabhighAta zabdakA prathaM 'rakta pravAhita kara denevAlA prahAra' kiyA gayA hai| pradhAna nAyakakA abhighAta to na kevala praGkoM meM apitu viSkambhaka Adi meM bhI kahIM kisI prakAra nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie / usakA bandhana palAyAna Adi bhI sAmAnya rUpase nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie / kintu vizeSa sthiti meM yadi bandha Adike dvArA vizeSa phalakI siddhi ho taba unako pradarzita kiyA jA sakatA hai / isI bAta ko isa kArikAmeM nimna prakAra likhA hai aba praGkoM meM na rakhane yogya [arthI] ko kahate haiM [ sUtra 18] - pradhAna nAyakakA abhighAta [ zoNita-janaka prahAra ] kahIM bhI [arthAt meM to nahIM hI dikhalAnA cAhie kintu usake atirikta niSkambhaka zrAdimeM bhI ] nahIM dikhalAnA caahie| [ pradhAna nAyakakA ] bandhana palAyana athavA sandhi [ bhI sAmAnya rUpa se nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie kintu ] vizeSa phalakI prAptikI icchA se pradarzita kiyA jA sakatA hai / 21 / 'prabhighAta' prarthAt raktako pravAhita karanevAlA prahAra / pradhAna prathavA mukya [ nAyaka ] kA [ nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie] isa [ kathana ] se patAkA nAyaka aura prakarI nAyaka zAdi [ pramukhya nAyakoM ] kA [ zrabhighAta bhI ] prathita kiyA hI jAtA hai [ yaha abhiprAya hai ] / 'kutracit' isase vikambhaka prAdimeM bhI [ nahIM dikhalAnA yA variMgata karanA cAhie vaha abhiprAya hai / prabhighAta svakRta praura parakRta donoM prakArakA ho sakatA hai / vizeSa nirdezake binA ] sAmAnya rUpase kathita honepara bhI yahA~ parakRta [ kA hI graharaNa karanA caahie]| isalie hamane 'satyaharizcandra' [nATaka] meM devatAko upahAra rUpameM car3hAne ke lie harizcandra ke hI dvArA svayaM apane mAMsa kATanekA jo varNana kiyA hai vaha [ parakRta prabhidhAta na hoveke kAraNa ] dovAdhAyaka nahIM hai| isameM pradhAna nAyaka ke zrabhighAtakA niSedha karate hue vRttigrantha meM patAkA nAyaka tathA prakarI nAyakake abhighAtakI anumati de dI gaI hai| ina patAkA aura prakarI nAyakoMke lakSaNa Age kie jAyeMge / kintu isa prakaraNa ke arthako samajhane ke lie saMkSepa meM unakA jJAna prAvazyaka hai / 'vyApi prAsaGgikakaM vRttaM patAketyabhidhIyate' yaha 'patAkA' kA lakSaNa, aura 'prAsaGgika
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________________ kA0 21, sU018 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 46 . pareNApi vipakSaNa kRto nibidhyate / tena nAgAnande garur3akRtAbhighAtasya jImUtavAhanasya sAkSAtkaraNaM paropakArAya sattvAdhikyena vizeSato rasapuSTimAvahati / yo'pi cAsmAbhI raghuvilAse zaktisaktavakSaso lakSmaNasya pravezaH kRtaH, so'pi na doSAya / sItA''nayanalakSaNaphalasambandhena rAmasya mukhyatvAt / 'bandha' iti parairgrahaNam / yathA vAsavadattAnRttavAre vatsarAjasya / palAyanamapasaraNam / yadAhuH'azakye sarvamutsRjyApagacchet' / dRSTA hi jIvataH punarAvRttiryathA suyAtrodayanayoH / iti / 'sandhiH ' sandhAnam / taduktam "pravRttacakreNAkrAnto rAkSA blvtaa'blH| sandhinopanamet tUrNa kosh-dnnddaatmbhuumibhiH|" iti phalalipsayeti-bandhanAdIni tAvanna yojyAni / yadi ca yojyante tadA paryante viziSTa phalamavekSya, na punarevameveti // 2 // pradezasthaM caritaM prakarI matA' yaha 'prakarI'kA lakSaNa hai / arthAt prAsaGgika kintu vyApaka carita kA nAma 'patAkA' hai jaise rAma-prabandhoM meM sugrIvakA caritra rAmake bAda vyApaka carita hai / prataH usakA nAyaka sugrIva 'patAkA-nAyaka' mAnA jAtA hai / isake viparIta ekadezastha prAsaGgika vRttako 'prakarI' kahA jAtA hai jaise jaTAyukA vRttAnta rAmAyaNameM 'prakarI' carita hai| usakA mAyaka jaTAyu 'prakarI-nAyaka' hai / usakA abhighAta aura badha taka bhI dikhalAyA jA sakatA hai paura dikhalAyA bhI gayA hai| [parakRta abhighAtameM bhI] 'para' zabdase zatruke dvArA kiyA gayA [mabhidhAta] hI niSita hai| isa lie nAgAnandameM gar3ake dvArA abhighAta kie hue [rakta pravAhita hote hue] jImUtabAhanake sAkSAtkArase paropakArake prabala utsAhake kAraNa rasako vizeSa rUpase puSTi hotI hai| [isa lie vaha boSAdhAyaka nahIM hai / aura hamane bhI raghuvilAsameM jo chAtImeM zakti lage hue lakmaNakA [raGgamApara] praveza karAyA hai vaha boSAdhAyaka nahIM hai| kyoMki sItAke vApasa lAne rUpa phala sambandhake kAraNa rAma mukhya [nAyaka] hai| [lakSmaNa mukhya-nAyaka nahIM hai / prataH unakA mabhidhAta pradarzita karanA doSAdhAyaka nahIM hai| kArikAmeM pAe hae] 'bandha' [padakA parya] dUsaroM ke dvArA pakar3A jAnA hai| jaise vAsavadattAko nRtyazAlAmeM vatsarAjakA [bandhana dikhalAyA gayA hai vaha vizeSa phalako siddhikA janaka honese doSAdhAyaka nahIM hai] palAyanakA artha [yuddhAdise] haTa jAnA hai| jaisAki [usake praucityako dikhalAnekelie] kahA gayA hai 'masamartha ho jAnepara saba kucha chor3akara calA jaave'| kyoMki jIvita rahate phira vApisa pAnA dekhA jAtA hai / jaise suyAtra paura udayanakA / [isa lie jIvana rakSAke lie anivArya honepara palAyana bhI ucita hai] / 'sandhi' arthAt mela kara lenA / jaisAki [usakA paucitya dikhalAte hue kahA hai [jisakA cakra cala rahA hai usa] prabhAvazAlI balavAn rAjAke sAtha durbala rAjA koza baNa aura apanI bhUmi mAvike dvArA sadhi kara le| .. 'phalalipsayA' isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki [svamAnyataH] bandha prAliko yojanA nahIM karanI cAhie kintu yadi yojanAko hI jAya to antameM kisI vizeSa phalako dekhakara ho kI nAya, aise hI nahIM // 21 //
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________________ 50 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 22, 2016 atha viSkambhAdInAM lakSaNakathanArtha aGkAvarNanIyaM viSkambhakAdibhirvarNanIyamityAha[tra 16]-darAdhvayAnaM pUrodho rAjya-dezAdiviplavaH / rataM mRtyuH samIkAdi vaNyaM viSkambhakAdibhiH // 22 // duuraavyaanmiti| muhUrtatrika-catuSkasAdhya dezAntaraMgamanaM zakyatvAda'pi darzyate / yat punaradhikakAlasAdhyaM tadazakyatvAt viSkambhakAdibhireva varNyam / vizrAntisthAna-zayana-pAna-bhojanAdInAM bahUnAmaraJjakakriyANAM prasaGgAt / samavakArAdau tu dUradhvayAnadarzane'pi na doSaH / divyasya gaganakramaNasAmarthyAt / viSkambhakAdi-prayoga nATakAdimeM 'dRzya', 'sUcya' tathA 'Uhya' tIna prakArake artha hote haiM isa bAsakA ullekha vRttikAra 11 kArikAke vRttibhAgameM kara cuke haiN| inameM se jina proMko nATakameM sAkSAt abhinaya dvArA dikhalAyA jAtA hai ve 'dRzya' artha kahalAte haiN| nATakAdikA adhikAMza bhAga 'dRzya' hI hotA hai| usakA nAma hI 'dRzya kAvya' hai| kintu kucha bhAga aisA bhI hotA hai jisako abhinaya dvArA dikhalAnA na sambhava ho sakatA hai aura na kaviko prabhISTa ho sakatA hai| aise arthoM ko kavi anya rUpoMme kahalavAkara sUcitamAtra karatA hai / unako 'sUcya' artha kahate haiM / ina 'sUcya' arthome prAyaH do prakArake artha pAte haiM, eka nIrasa aura dUsare prati vistIrNa evaM anupyogii| rAmAdike jIvana ke mukhyabhAgoMko hI abhinaya dvArA pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai / choTI-choTI bAtoMko abhinaya dvArA dikhalAnese nATakakA bahuta vistAra ho jAyagA isalie una arthoko pAtroMke vArtAlApa dvArA sUcita karAyA jAtA hai / isI prakAra nIrasa paryakI bhI sUcanAmAtra dI jAtI hai / una arthoko 'sUcya' prathaM kahate haiN| aura unake lie nATakameM paDoMse bhinna vizeSa bhAgoMkI racanA kI jAtI hai / una bhAgoMkA sAmAnya nAma 'arthopopaka' hai| ye 'arthopakSepaka' pA~ca prakArake mAne gae haiM / jinako kramazaH 1. viSkambhaka, 2. pravezaka, 3. cUlikA, 2. aGkAsya, mora 5. aMkAvatAra kahate haiM / inhIMke lakSaNa karanekelie pranyakAra ina viSkambhaka mAdike dvArA sUcanIya arthokI carcA isa kArikAme nimna prakAra karate haiM aba viSkambhaka prAdi [pA~ca prakArake arthopakSepakoM] ke lakSaNa karanekelie par3oM meM pravarNanIya [sUcya-bhAga] ko viSkambhakAdike dvArA varNana [arthAt sUcana] karanA cAhie isa bAtako kahate haiM [sUtra 16]-dUra dezako gamana, nagarAbaroSa, rAjya tathA dezAvikA viplava, sambhoga, mRtyu, pragaccheda prAdi [ar3oM meM na dikhalAne yogya proM ko "viSkambhaka' prAdike dvArA varNana karanA cAhie / 22 / 'dUra mArgakA gamana' isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki tIna-cAra muhUrtameM jisakI samApti ho sake isa prakArakA dezAntara-gamana to sambhava honese ameM bhI dikhalAyA jA sakatA hai| kintu jo adhika kAlameM samApta ho vaha [aDDoMmeM dikhalAneke] azakya honese viSkambhaka mAvi ke dvArA hI pariNata kiyA jAnA caahie| kyoMki usameM ThaharanekA par3Ava, zayana, pAna, bhojana mAvi bahuta-sI parammaka kriyAmoMkA samAveza hogaa| samavakAra mAvimeM to dUra mArgako yAtrAke dikhalAnemeM bhI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki devatAmoMmeM prAkAma-gamanakI sAmarthya hotI hai|
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________________ kA0 22, sU016 ] prathamo vivekaH nagararodho'pyevameva, senAyAH, parNakuTI-yantra-suraGgAdidAnavyApArANAM ca bAhulyAt / rAjya-dezAdibhraMzo'pi patana-maraNAdisambhavAt tathaiva / ratamiti AliGgana cumbanAdi brIDAdAyitvAdevameva / tena tadanukUlAni rahaHpraveza-vakroktyAdInyake'pi darzyante / mRtyuH prANanirgama eva / samIkaM hasta-pAdAdiccheda eva / tena nAgAnande jImUtavAhanasya kSaNabhAvinAM indriyavaikalyAdInAM, raghuvilAse ca rAvaNasya vibhISaNaM prati sATopaM candrahAsagrahaNasyAGka'pyavirodhaH / AdizabdAdaparamapi prabhUtakAla-klezasAdhyaM brIDAtaGkadAyi ca gRhyte| Adizabdena pravezaka-zraGkAsyacUlikAGkAvatArANAM grahaNamiti // 22 // nATaka meM 'dUrAnvayAna' arthAta adhika lambI yAtrAko aGkoM dvArA dikhalAnekA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki adhika lambI yAtrA meM rAste meM Thaharane ke lie par3AvoM, unameM hone vAle bhojana, pAna zayana sabhI vyApAroMko dikhalAnA Avazyaka hogaa| vaha saba eka to atyanta nIrasa ho jAyagA aura dUsare lambA bhI adhika ho jAyagA / isalie nATakameM usako pratyakSa dikhalAnekA niSedha kara arthopakSapakoMke dvArA sUcita mAtra karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| kintu 'samavakAra' prAdi rUpakabhedoMmeM dUrAdhvayAnakA aGkoMmeM dikhalAnekA bhI niSedha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki 'samavakAra' meM devAdike caritrakA pradarzana kiyA jAtA hai / una devatAmoMmeM mAkAza-gamanakI sAmarthya hotI hai ataH usameM bIcake par3Ava, Adi sambandhI vyApAroMke dikhalAnekI aAvazyakatA na rahane se na nIrasatA pAtI hai aura na diirghtaa| __nagarAvarodha bhI isI prakAra [nIrasa vyApAroMse pUrNa honeke kAraNa dikhalAyA nahIM jA sakatA hai| [kyoMki usameM senAke [Thaharanekelie] parNakuTI [DerA yA jhoMpar3I] yantra suraMga lagAne prAdi vyApAroMko bAhulya hotA hai| rAjya-dezAdikA viplavabhI patana-maraNa mAvi [aneka prakArake nIrasa aura azobhanIya vyApAroM kI sambhAvanAse pUrNa honeke kAraNa usI prakArakA [arthAt nATakameM na dikhalAkara kevala sUcita karane yogya] hai| sambhoga bhI mAliGgana-cumbana prAdi lajjAjanaka [vyApArase paripUrNa honeke kAraNa usI prakArakA [arthAt raGgamanapara na dikhalAne yogya] hai| isalie usa [surata-sambhoga] kelie anukUla ekAnta-sthAnameM praveza aura vakrokti prAvi to prakoMmeM bhI dikhalAe jAte haiM [kintu usake mAge jahAMse mAliGgana-cumbanAdi prArambha hotA hai usa bhAgako vIDAdAyaka honese poMmeM raGgamaJcapara dikhalAnA niSiddha mAnA gayA hai] / mRtyuse prANa nikala jAnekA hI prahaNa hotA hai| 'samIka' kA artha hAtha-paira prAvikA kATanA hI hai / isalie nAgAnandameM jImUtavAhanakA kucha samaya hone vAlA indriya-vaikalya Adi, aura raghuvilAsameM rAvaNakA vibhISaNa ke prati koSa kArake talavArakA praharaNa mRtyu arthAt prAvimocana athavA samIka arthAt hAtha-pairake chevana taka na pahuMcanese, dikhalAyA jAnepara bhI doSAdhAyaka nahIM hai / [samIkAvi' meM prayukta] 'prAdi' zabbase prabhUta kAla aura prabhUta klezase sAdhya tathA grIDAdAyaka prAdi anya arthoMkA bhI prahaNa hotA hai| [aura viSkambhakAdibhiH meM prayukta] 'mAdi' zabdase pravezaka, aGkAsya, cUlikA aura bhAvatAra [rUpa zeSa cAroM arthopakSepako] kA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| arthAt sUkhya artha ko ina pA~ca prakArake arthopakSepakoMke dvArA hI sUcita karanA cAhie / sAkSAta rUpase nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie] // 22 //
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 23-24, sU020 atha prathama viSkambhakaM zuddhAzuddhabhedaM lakSayati[sUtra 20]-akAnahasya vRttasya trikAlasyAnurajinA / saMkSipya saMskRtenoktiraGkAdau madhyamai janaiH // 23 // zuddho viSkambhakastatra saGkIrNo nIca-madhyamaiH / aGkasandhAyakaH zakyasandhAnAtItakAlavAn // 24 // viSkambhakalakSaNa pichalI kArikAmeM granthakArane nATakake prakoM meM jina bAtoMkA sAkSAt rUpase dikhalAnA vajita hai unakA ullekha kiyA thaa| inameM se dUrAdhvayAna prAdi kucha kArya prabhUtakAla-sAdhya yA prabhUta zramasAdhya honese, kucha kArya vrIDAdAyI hone se, aura kucha kArya prAta vRdAyI hone ke kAraNa aGkAnaha prakSoM meM sAkSAt rUpase dikhalAne ke ayogya mAne gae haiN| parantu kathAbhAgakI saGgati banAe rakhane ke lie ina bhAgoMkI bhI sarvathA upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| isalie prekSakoMko ina kathAbhAgoMse paricita karAne ke lie 'viSkambhaka' prAdi pAMca prakArake 'marthopakSepakoM kI racanAkI vyavasthA nATyazAstra meM kI gaI hai| ina 'arthopakSepakoM meM sabase mukhya 'viSkambhaka' hai| isalie agalI do kArikAmoMmeM granthakArane 'viSkambhaka' kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai| __ aba [pAMcoM 'arthopakSepakoM' meM sabase pahale zuddha aura azuddha bheva vAle [do prakArake] 'viSkambhaka' kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 20]-[aba una [pAMcoM prakArake 'arthopakSepakoM] meMse [bhUta bhaviSyat aura vartamAna tInoM kAloMke [aDAnaha] aDoMmeM na dikhalAne yogya vRtta [kathAbhAga] ko aDke prArambhameM saMkSipta karake madhyama pAtroM ke dvArA saMskRtameM kahalAneko 'zuddha viSkambhaka' [kahate hai] mora nIca tathA madhyama pAtroMke dvArA saMskRta tathA prAkRta bhASAmeM kahalAnekA yatna] sahoNaM [viSkambhaka kahalAtA hai| [zuddha aura saGkIrNa donoM prakArakA viSkambhaka paGka ki pratipAdya viSayako saGgati] ko jor3ane vAlA [athavA do aDke bIcake kathAbhAgakI saGgatiko jor3ane vAlA 'prasandhAyaka hotA hai] aura jitane kAlakI smRti sambhatra ho utane pratItakAla [kI smRti karAne vAlA [zakyasandhAnAtItakAlavAna hotA hai / 23-24 // ___granthakArane yaha 'viSkambhaka' kA lakSaNa kiyA hai / lakSaNakI racanAzalI kucha aspaSTasI pratIta hotI hai / isalie usako ThIka tarahase samajhane ke lie vizeSa prayatna karane kI prAvazyakatA hai / isa lakSaNameM nimna bAteM samAviSTa kI gaI haiM 1. viSkambhakameM aGkAnaha parthAt jisakA nATakake prakoMmeM dikhalAnA ucita nahIM hai unhIM bAtoMkA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai| 2. usa aGkAnaha bhAgako madhyamapAtroMke dvArA athavA nIca bhora madhyama donoM prakAra ke pAtroM dvArA kahalAyA jAtA hai| kevala madhyama pAtroMke dvArA kahAlAyA jAne para 'zuddha-viSkambhaka' tathA nIca-madhyama dvividha pAtroM dvArA kahalAe jAne para 'saMkIrNa viSkambhaka' hotA hai| 3. viSkambhakameM prarthakI sUcanA dene vAle pAtrAkI bhASAkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai
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________________ kA0 23-24, sU0 20 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 53 araJjakaM ca raJjakamapi ekadinAzakyAbhinayaM ca prekSakaiH sAkSAdanupalabhyamAnaM 'zraGkAnarham' | 'trikAlasya' vRtta-vartsyad - vartamAnakAlasya | anuraJjineti samastena zradIrghasamAsena ca prasannena / 'saMkSipya' vitatamapi uttarAGkasandhAnopayogyeva kRtvA / ' saMskRteneti zuddhaviSkambhakApekSam / saGkIrNe tu saMskRtenAsaMskRtenApi ca, nIcapAtrasyApi tatra bhAvAt / aGkAdAviti prathame'Gke zramukhAdUrdhvam, anyeSu punarArambhe iti tAvat sarve samAmananti / kohalaH punaretaM prathamAGkAdAvevecchati / kintu usameM kevala zuddhaviSkambhUka ke pAtroMkI bhASA saMskRta hotI hai / saGkIrNa viSkambhaka meM jo madhyama pAtra hoM ve hI saMskRta bolate haiM bhora nIca pAtra prAkRta bhASAkA hI avalambana karate haiM / TIkA meM to isa bhedakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai kintu mUla meM usako ullekha na honese artha spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA hai / 4. 'aGkasandhAyakaH' tathA 'zakyasandhAnAtItakAlavAn' ye do pada jo lakSaNa meM rakhe gae haiM ve adhika spaSTa haiM / 'maGkasandhAyakaH' kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki viSkambhaka do aGkoMke bIca kathA bhAgako jor3akara kathAsUtrako pravicchinna banAtA hai| mora 'zakyA sandhAnAtItakAlavAn' kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki atItakAlakI jina ghaTanAoM kA ullekha usameM kiyA jAtA hai ve ghaTanAe~ bahuta adhika purAnI nahIM honI caahie| kevala utanI purAnI hoM jinakA smaraNa sAmAnya rUpase manuSyako raha sakatA hai / 5. pAMcavIM bAta yaha hai ki viSkambhakakI racanA aGkake prArambha meM hI kI jAtI hai / anta meM yA bIcameM nahIM / 'aGkAdI' kA yaha bhI abhiprAya hai ki yaha viSkambhaka prathama prameM. bhI rakhA jA sakatA hai / kintu vahA~ yaha prAmukhake bAda ho mA sakatA hai usake pahale nahIM / anya moMmeM aMka prArambhameM hotA hI hai / inhIM saba bAtoM ko lekara vyAkhyAkAra ina zlokoMkI vyAkhyA nimna prakAra karate haiM [raka arthAt ] nIrasa, athavA sarasa honepara bhI [pratyanta vistIrNa honeke kAraNa ] jisakA abhinaya eka dinameM karanA sambhava na ho [ isIlie ] prekSakoMko sAkSAt [ prabhinaya dvArA ] na dikhalAyA jAne vAlA [kathAbhAga ] zraGkanAI [ zraMka meM na dikhalAne yogya ] hai / tInoM kAlakA prarthAt bhUta, bhaviSyat tathA vartamAnakAlakA / 'anuraMjinA' [saMskRtena] isase sarvathA samAsa-rahita athavA choTe-choTe samAsoM vAle sarala [prasanna ] saMskRtake dvaaraa| 'saMkSipya' prarthAt fatati [kathAbhAga ] ko bhI agale aMkakA sambandha jor3ane mAtra [saMkSipta ] banA kara [kahalAnA ] / 'saMskRtena' [ saMskRta bhASAke dvArA kahalAnA ] / yaha kevala zuddha-viSkambhakako dRSTise kahA gayA hai / saGkIrNa [ viSkambhaka ] meM to saMskRta aura [prasaMskRta arthAt ] prAkRta se bhI [arthAt donoM bhASAoM ke dvArA vRtta kahalAyA jAtA hai] kyoMki usameM nIca pAtra bhI hote haiM [ve saMskRta nahIM bola sakate haiM / ataH ve prAkRta bhASAmeM bhAvaraNa karate haiM aura jo madhyama pAtra hote haiM ve saMskRtabhASAmeM / isa prakAra saGkIrNa viSkambhaka meM saMskRta tathA prAkRta donoM bhASAoMkA upayoga hotA hai ] / 'prAvo' praGkake prArambhameM isase [yaha abhiprAya hai ki ] prathama praGka meM [pramukha prarthAt prastAvanAke bAda, aura zeSa praGkoMmeM praGkake prArambhameM hI [ viSkambhakakI racanA honA cAhie
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________________ 54 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 23-24, sa0 20 madhya mairiti zramAtya senApati vaNig viprAdibhiH / na punardevI kumAranAyaka pratinAyakAdibhiH / madhyamatvaM caiSA rAjApekSayA / rAjaparijanApekSayA tu te'pi pradhAnam / janairiti pumbhiH, strIbhiH, strI- pusaizca sAmAnyavAdhitvAt / bahuvacanamatantram / tenaikenApi svagatenAkAzoktyA ca nibadhyate / janairiti sAmAnyanirdezAdeva ca zuddhaviSkambhe striyA api saMskRtenaiva pAThaH / zuddho nIcApravezAt / viSkasnAti anusandhAnena vRttamupaSTambhayati iti viSkambhakaH / 1 tatreti viSkambhAdiSu paJcasu madhyAt dvibhedatvena viSkambhako nirdhAryate / atha saGkIrNo nIcasyApi pravezAt / nIcA dAsa ceTyAdayaH / 'aGkasandhAyaka' iti aGkasya yaha bAta [ nATyazAstra] saba [ zrAcArya ] mAnate haiM / kintu kohala [nAmaka nATyAcArya ] isako kevala prathama praGkake prArambhameM hI mAnate haiM / isakA abhiprAya yaha huA ki bharata grAdi anya saba nATyAcAryoMke mata meM nATakake kisI bhI praGka meM prAvazyakatAnusAra viSkambhakakA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA / kintu kevala itanA dhyAna rakhanA hai ki jaba kabhI bhI viSkambhakakA prayoga kiyA jAya vaha sadA ake prArambha meM hI honA caahie| bIcameM yA anta meM nahIM / kintu kohalAcAryakA mata isase bhinna hai / unakA yaha kahanA hai ki viSkambhakakA prayoga kevala prathama praGkake prArambha meM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / anya aGkoMmeM usakA prayoga nahIM ho sakatA hai / yA phira prake madhya athavA anta meM kahIM bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai / 'madhyama:' isa padase zramAtya senApati vaNik vipra zrAdike dvArA [ yaha artha karanA cAhie ] / mahArAnI, rAjakumAra, nAyaka, 'pratinAyaka' zrAdike dvArA [ yaha zrartha] nahIM [ lenA cAhie ] / ina [ zramAtya senApati zrAdi ] kA [bhI] madhyamatva rAjAkI dRSTise hai / rAjAke zranya sevakoM st apekSAse to ve bhI pradhAna haiM / 'janai:" isa padase [padake ] sAmAnya vAcaka honese puruSoMke dvArA, athavA striyoMke dvArA, athavA strI aura puruSa donoMke dvArA yaha artha grahaNa [karanA caahie| isameM ] bahuvacana zravivakSita hai| [prarthAt bahutase pAtra hI prayukta kie jAyeM yaha isa bahuvacanAnta 'janai:' padakA abhiprAya nahIM hai ] / isalie 'svagata' athavA 'zrAkAzabhASitake rUpameM eka pAtrake dvArA bhI [apekSita arthako kahalA kara viSkambhakakA] prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / 'jana' isa sAmAnya nirdezake kAraNa hI zuddha viSkambhakameM striyoMke dvArA bhI saMskRtameM hI pATha kiyA jAtA hai| [isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAmAnya rUpase striyoMke mukhase prAkRta bhASAkA hI prayoga nATakoMmeM karAyA jAtA hai kintu zuddha viSkambhakameM yadi koI madhyama strIpAtra ho to usako saMskRtameM bhASaraNa karAyA jA sakatA hai] / zuddha [ viSkambhaka ] nIca [pAtroM] kA praveza na honese [hI zuddha kahalAtA ] hai / [AAge viSkambhaka zabdakA nirvacana dikhalAte haiM ] 'viSkamnAti' arthAt smRtike dvArA kathAbhAgako [ jor3akara ] puSTa banAtA hai isalie [ usako ] 'viSkambhaka' kahA jAtA hai [ yaha viSkambhaka zabdakA pravayavArtha hai ] / 'tatra' isase 'viSkambhaka Adi pAMca [arthopakSepakoM] ke madhyameMse [zuddha tathA saMkIrNa rUpa] do bheda vAlA 'viSkambhaka' alaga nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA hai [ yaha bAta 'tatra' padase sUcita kI hai / 'saptamyAstral' sUtrase saptamIke artha meM tral pratyaya karake 'tatra' zabda banA hai / zaura 'yatazca nirdhAraNam' [jisase kisI vastuko cuna kara alaga kiyA jAya usa nirdhAraNameM saptamI
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________________ prathamo vivekaH kA0 23-24, sU0 20 ] [ 55 aGkArthasya sandhAyakaH saMsUcakaH prathamAGkabhAvI / zraGkayoraGkArthayoH sandhAyakaH puna: raGkadvayAntarAlabhAvI / zakyaM sandhAnamanusmaraNaM yasyAsau zakyasandhAnaH / sa cAsAvatItakAlo vRtto'rthastadvAna viSkambhako bhavati / iha tAvat puruSaprajJApekSayA viSkambha kArya kAlo nibadhyate / rAmayudhiSThirAdayo hi cirAtItamadhyarthamanusandadhatIti sa tathaiva nivadhyate / ye tu prAkRtAH stokakAlamevArthamanusandadhate tadarthastathaiva niSandhanIyaH / kAmaphale tu nATake varSaikavRttameva nibadhyate / parataH saMskAra vicchedAt / vayo'tivRttezceti / / 23-24|| vibhakti hotI hai / ataH yahA~ saptamI vibhaktike dvArA bane 'tatra' pavase nirdhAraNa - chAMTanA laga karanA sUcita hotA hai yaha abhiprAya hai ] / zrAge saGkIrNa [ viSkambhakako] nIca [pAtra] kA bhI praveza honese [saGkIrNa viSkambhaka ] kahate haiM / nIca arthAt vAsa vAsI prAvi / 'aGkasandhAyaka:' isase [ do artha nikalate haiN| eka to yaha hai ki] kA arthAt eka ake arthakA sandhAyaka arthAt saMsUcaka / isa prakArakA [ eka praGkakA prarthAt eka prajuse sambaddha saint sUcaka jo faokambhaka hotA hai vaha ] prathama praGkake ArambhameM hI hotA hai| ['asandhAyakaH' kA dUsarA artha yaha bhI hai ki] do zraGkoMkA arthAt do praGkoMke prathoM kA sandhAyaka arthAt sambandha karAne vAlA [jor3ane vAlA ] vaha do aGkoMke bIca meM [arthAt uttaravartI prajUke prArambhameM ] hotA hai / [zrAge 'zakyasandhAnAtItakAlavAn' padakA artha usako do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate haiM / pahale 'zakyasandhAna' isa bhAgakA artha karate haiM] jisakA sandhAna prarthAt manusmaraNa ho sakatA hai [ utanA pratItakAla zakyasandhAna huA ] / isa prakArakA [ zakyasandhAna] jo zratItakAla arthAt zratIta kAlameM humrA kathAbhAga usase yukta [arthAt usako sUcita karane vAlA ] viSkambhaka [ 'zakyasandhAnAtItakAladhAn' viSkambhaka huA ] / [ isameM puruSoMkI smaraNazakti [ prajJA ] kI apekSAse viSkambhakake [arthAt kathAbhAga] ke kAlako [ zakyasandhAna : jisakA smaraNa sambhava ho sake isake anusAra ] nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| rAma yudhiSThira Adi [ prabala smaraNazakti vAle uttama pAtra) bahuta purAne pratIta arthako bhI smaraNa kara sakate haiM isalie [viSkambhaka meM unake smaraNase sambandha rakhanevAlI dIrghakAlIna bAta bhI kahI jAtI hai vahA~ ] usako usI prakArase dikhalAyA jAtA hai / aura jo sAdhAraNa puruSa thor3I derakI hI bAta smararaNa kara sakate haiM unake lie usI prakArako racanA karanI cAhie / kAmapradhAna phalavAle nATaka meM to [ viSkambhakake rUpameM] eka hI varSake vRttako racanA kI jAtI hai| usake bAda [arthAt eka varSase adhikakAlake premake] saMskAroMkA viccheda ho jAtA hai auaura avasthA bIta jAnese bhI / [zRGgAra rasameM adhika purAnI bAtoMkA smaraNa vyartha ho jAtA hai] 1 // 23-24 // 'fassmbhaka' ke isa lakSaNameM granthakArane 'zakyasandhAnAtItakAlavAn' 'isa vizeSaraNa kI vyAkhyApara vizeSa bala diyA hai| utane dUrake pratIta kAlake arthakAhI varNana 'viSkambhaka' dvArA karanA cAhie, jisakA anusaMdhAna arthAt smaraNa sambhava ho / rAma yudhiSThira mAdi dIrghakAlIna ko bhI smaraNa kara sakate haiM, prataH unake vRtta meM dIrghakAlIna ghaTanA kA bhI vana kiyA jA sakatA hai / sAmAnya puruSa svarUpa kAlake arthako smaraNa kara sakate haiM, unake prasaGga meM usIke anusAra viSkambhaka meM varNana karanA caahie| yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai /
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 25, sU0 21 atha viSkambhakalakSaNAnuvAdena pravezaka lakSayati-- [sUtra 22/--evaM pravezako nIcaiH parArthaiH prAkRtAdinA / etau prabhUtakAryatvAnnATakAdicatuSTaye // 25 // evamiti 'aGkAnahasya' ityAdi sarva viSkambhakalakSaNamatrAtidizyate / kevalamasau nIcaireva pAtraiH parArthaM mukhyanAyakAdikAryaniSThenaM punaH svakRtyaikatatparaiH / yathA "ANatta mhi bhaTTadAriyAe ityaadi| [zrAjJaptAsmi bhartR dArikayA ityAdi / iti saMskRtam]" pravezakakA lakSaNa arthopakSepakoMmeM viSkambhakake bAda dUsarA sthAna 'pravezaka' kA prAtA hai / viSkambhakake jo kArya batalAe gae haiM prAyaH ve hI saba kArya 'pravezaka' ke dvArA bhI sampanna kie jAte haiM / phira bhI una donoMko alaga-alaga mAnA gayA hai isakA kAraNa unake svarUpa meM kucha bhedakA honA hai| inakA pukhya bheda yaha hai ki pravezakameM kevala nIca pAtroMkA prayoga hotA hai| aura viSkambhaka meM kevala madhyama, yA nIca mora madhyama donoM prakArake pAtroMkA prayoga hotA hai / viSkambhaka meM kevala nIca pAtroM kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai| ina bhedoMkA paricaya Age die jAne vAle lakSaNa se hI milegaa| ataH granthakAra Age pravezakakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra karate haiM aba viSkambhakake lakSaNakA anuvAda karate hue pravezakakA lakSaNa dikhalAte haiM [sUtra 21]--isa prakAra [arthAt aGkAnaha prakoMmeM na dikhalAne yogya trikAlavartI prarthako sUcita karane vAlA] dUsaroMke lie kArya karane vAle [arthAt svAmI Adiko prAjJAke manusAra kAryameM niyukta] nIca pAtroM [dAsa-dAsI prAdi] ke dvArA saMskRtase bhinna prAkRta prAvi [bhASAmoMke prayoga se [zakyasandhAnAtItakAlake arthako sUcita karane vAlA] 'pravezaka' hotA hai| [itanA pravezakakA lakSaNa huA] adhika kArya ke sAdhaka] honeke kAraNa nATakAdi cArameM arthAt nATaka, nATikA, prakaraNa aura prakaraNI ina cArameM], anAvazyaka yA aGkAnaha bhAgako saMkSipta karake sUcana karaneke lie viSkambhaka aura pravezaka ina donoM arthopakSepakoM kA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai / 25 // isa prakAra 'evaM' isa pahase 'aGkAnahasya' ityAdi viSkambhakakA sArA lakSaNa yahA~ [pravezakameM] sambaddha hotA hai [anyadharmasyAnyatrAbhisambaddho prtiveshH| anyake dharmakA anyatra sambandha dikhalAnA 'pratideza' kahalAtA hai| viSkambhakake sAre dharmoMkA pravezakake sAtha sambandha pradarzana rUpa 'prativeza kigA gayA hai| una donoMmeM antara kevala itanA hai ki yaha pravezaka] kevala nIca aura dUsaroMke kAryameM lage hue arthAta mukhya nAyaka prAdike kArya meM saMlagna, na ki svayaM apane kAryameM lage hue pAtroMke dvArA [prayukta hotA hai] jaise baMsI ki svAmiputrIne prAjJA dI hai [tadanusAra maiM amuka kArya kara rahI hUM] ityAdi [pIca pAtra beTI mAvi dvArA prayukta pravezakakA udAharaNa hai| isa prakAra viSkambhakase pravezakakA eka bheda to yaha humA ki viSkambhakameM madhyama pAtroMkA upayoga bhI hotA hai aura nIca pAtroM kA bhI prayoga ho sakatA hai| kintu pravezaka
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________________ kA0 25, sU0 21 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 57 nIcaprayuktatvAdeva ca grAmyArthaprAyeNa prAkRtena, prAdizabdAt zaurasenyAdinA pravezako bhavati / apratyakSAnarthAn sAmAjikahRdaye pravezayatIti pravezakaH / kecit pravezakaM prathamAMkasyAdau necchanti / etAviti viSkambhaka-pravezako / nATakAdicatuSTayaM nATaka-prakaraNa-nATikA-prakaraNyaH / nATakAdau hi parimitopAyena bahuSu mukhyAvAntarakAryeSu nRpAdInAM tatsahAyAnAM cAmAtyAdInAM vyutpattiH kriyate iti atraiva prabhUtakAryavyutpAdako visskmbhk-prveshko| na vyAyogAdiSu ekAMkeSu tAvadalpavRttatvenAlpakAryatvAt / bahakkeSvapi samavakArasya paramparAsambaddhAGkatvAt , apareSAntu katipaya. dinavRttatvAditi / aGkAsyAdIni tu svalpasUcyatvena yathAsambhava rUpakAntareSvapi bhavanti ||2shaa meM nizcita rUpase nIca pAtroMkA hI prayoga hotA hai / isIse dUsarA bhASAviSayaka bheda bhI pA jAtA hai| viSkambhakameM saMskRta bhASA mukhya rahatI hai kintu pravezakameM prAkRtabhASAkA hI prayoga hotA hai| isI bAtako Age likhate haiM ___ nIca [pAtroM ke dvArA prayukta honeke kAraNa hI prAmya [aziSTa arthase yukta prAkRtake dvArA, prAdi zabdase [unameM bhI] zaurasenI prAdike dvArA pravezaka [kA prayoga hotA hai / [Age pravezaka zabdako vyutpasi dikhalAte haiN| apratyakSa proMko sAmAjikoMke hRdayameM praviSTa karAtA hai isalie 'pravezaka' [kahalAtA hai| kucha [nATyAcArya] loga prathama graMka prAdimeM isa [pravezaka] kA prayoga nahIM mAnate haiN| [yaha viSkambhakase isakA tIsarA bheda huaa| 'etau' arthAt viSkambhaka aura pravezaka / nATakAdi cArameM [rahate haiM / isameM nATakAvi cAra se] 1 nATaka, 2 prakaraNa, 3 nATikA aura 4 prakaraNI [ina cArakA grahaNa karanA caahie| nATakAdimeM [aMka rUpa] parimita sAdhanoMke dvArA mukhya tathA avAntara [gauNa] bahuta-se kAryokA parijJAna rAjA aura usake sahAyaka mantrI prAviko karAnA hotA hai isalie inameM hI vistRta avAntara kAryokA paricaya karAneke lie ye viSkambha aura pravezaka [prayukta hote haiM / 'vyAyoga' prAdi ekAMkI [rUpaka] meM thor3A-sA hI kathAbhAga honese kama kArya honeke kAraNa [ina viSkambhaka aura pravezakoMkA prayoga] nahIM hotA hai| aura aneka aMkoM vAloMmeM bhI 'samavakAra' ke aMkoMke paraspara sambaddha na honese, tathA anyoMmeM kucha dinakA hI vRttAnta hone se [pravezaka tathA viSkambhakakI aAvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai] yaha abhiprAya hai| aMkArayAdi [zeSa tIna arthopakSepaka] to alpa vRtake sUcana karane yogya honeke kAraNa yathAsambhava [zrAvazyakatAnusAra anya rUpakoMmeM bhI prayukta hote haiM / isa prakAra isa lakSaNa meM pravezakake viSkambhaka tathA anya arthopakSepakoMse jo bheda dikhalAe gae haiM ve mukhya rUpase nimna prakAra haiM-- 1. viSkambhaka meM madhyamapAtra bhI prayukta hote haiM isalie saMskRta bhASAkA bhI prAzraya ligA jAtA hai| kintu pravezakameM kevala nIcapAya hI hote haiM isalie usa meM kevala prAkRta bhASAkA hI upayoga hotA hai| 2. viSkambhakA prayoga aGkake AdimeM bhI prastAvanAke bAda kiyA jA sakatA hai kintu pravezakakA prayoga prathama aMkameM nahIM hotA hai| 3. praGkAsya prAdi anya parthopakSepakoMkA prayoga nATikAdimeM bhI ho sakatA hai kintu
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________________ darpaNam 56 ] atha aGkAsya-cUlike lakSayati[ sUtra 22 ] -- aGkAsyamantapAtreNa vastunaH sUcanaM cUlA chinnAGkamukhayojanam / pAtrairnepathya saMsthitaiH // 26 // antapAtreNeti pUrvasyAGkasyAnte strI-puraM sAnyatareNa pAtreNa / chinnasya asambaddhasya uttarAGkamukhasya yojanamupakSepo yastat 'aGkAsyam' aMkamukham / yathA vIracarite dvitIyAGkAnte " pravizya sumantraH - bhagavantau vasiSTha- vizvAmitrau bhavataH sabhArgavAna cAhayete iti / itare tu kva bhagavantau ? sumantra: - mahArAjadazarathasyAntike / itare - tadanurodhAt tatraiva gacchAmaH / ityaGkamamAptau - tataH pravizanti [ kA0 26, sU0 22 vasiSThavizvAmitra-zatAnanda janaka parazurAmAH / " . ityatra pUrvAGkAnte eva praviSTena sumantrapAtreNa zatAnanda janaka kathArthavicchede uttarAGkamukhasUcanAt zraGkAsyamiti / frostre mora pravezakakA prayoga ekAMkI vyAyogAdi aura parasparAsambaddha praGkoM vAle sama kAra tathA pralpavRtta vAle anya rUpakabhedoM meM nahIM kiyA jAtA hai / aba mAge 'aGkAspa' tathA 'cUlikA' donoMkA lakSaraNa [eka hI kArikAmeM] karate haiM[sUtra 22] - [praGkake prantameM hI praviSTa hone vAle] antima pAtra ke dvArA [pUrva ase asambaddha] vicchinna [ agale uttaravartI] praGkake prArambhakA sambandha jor3anese 'praGkAstha' nAmaka prathapakSepaka hotA hai] aura nepathya sthita pAtroMke dvArA vastuko sUcanA 'cUlikA' [kahalAtI ] hai / 26 / antima pAtra ke dvArA arthAt pUrva ke antameM [ praviSTa hone vAle ] strI yA puruSa kisI bhI pAtra ke dvArA chinna arthAt [ pUrva praGkake sAtha ] prasambaddha agale aGkake prArambha [kha] kI jo yojanA arthAt upakSepa [bIjAropaNa ] karanA vaha 'zraGkAsya' arthAt 'aGkamukha' [kahalAtA ] hai / jaise mahAvIra caritake dvitIya aGka ke antameM "praviSTa hokara sumantra [ kahate haiM ki ] - maharSi vasiSTha tathA vizvAmitra, bhArgava [parazurAma ] sahita prApa donoM [zatAnanda aura janaka] ko bulA rahe haiM / anya donoM - [janaka aura zatAnanva] ve dono kahA~ haiM [ yaha pUchate haiM] ? sumantra -[uttara dete haiM ] - mahArAja dazarathake samIpa haiM / > anya donoM - unakI icchA ke anusAra hama saba vahIM jAte haiM / yaha [ dvitIya] samApti meM [prAyA hai] / usake bAda [ agale pra afers feastfee zatAnanda janaka aura parazurAma praviSTa hote haiM / " isa udAharaNa meM pUrvavartI dvitIya praGkake antameM hI praviSTa hone vA Tare aura janakake vArtAlApa rUpa arthako vicchinna karake [gale tRtIya meM vasiSTha prAvike sAtha hone vAle janaka zatAnandake vArtAlApa rUpa] prakeArakI sUcanA [lie yaha praGkAsyakA udAharaNa hai] /
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________________ kA0 26, sU0 22 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 56 'vastu' iti kasyacidarthasya sUcanamupakSepaH / 'pAtraiH' strI-puMsaiH / 'nepathyasaMsthitaiH' yavanikAntara dezasthAyibhiH / sA cUDeva cUlikA / raGgAbhineyArthasya nepathyapAtrokteH zikhAkalpatvAt / yathA 'uttararAmacarite' dvitIyAGkasyAdau"svAgataM tapodhanAyAH / tataH pravizati tapodhanA / " 1 atre nepathyapAtreNa striyA vAsantikayA zrAtreyIvastunaH sUcanAt cUlikA | yathA vA 'nalavilAse' dvitIyAGkasyAdau "svAgataM saparicchadAya kalahaMsAya / tataH pravizati kalahaMso makarikAprabhRtikazca parivAraH / " atra nepathyapAtreNa puMsA zekhareNa kalahaMsAdivastunaH sUcanAt cUleti / yathA vA ratnAvalyAM "astApAstasamastabhAsi nabhasaH pAraM prayAte ravau AsthAnoM samaye samaM nRpajanaH sAyantane sampatan / sampratyeSa saroruha timuSaH pAdAMstavAsevitu prItyutkarSa kRto dazAmudayanasyendorivodIkSate // " us 'praGkAsya' kA udAharaNa diyA hai isameM 'chinnAGka' pada vizeSa rUpase dhyAna dene yogya hai / isI padake dvArA zraGkAsya aura zrAvatArakA bheda hotA hai / praGkAsyameM agalA pUrva se sambaddha rUpameM prArambha hotA hai aura aGkAvatAra meM pUrva ke aMga rUpameM hI nayA praGka prArambha hotA hai| yahAM ina donoMkA bheda hai / 'vastuna:' prarthAt kisI arthakA 'sUcana' prarthAt upakSepa karanA / 'pAtraH' arthAt strI-puruSoMke dvArA / 'nepathya saMsthitaH' arthAt yavanikAke bhItara sthita 'cUDA' zrarthAt zikhAke samAna honese 'cUlikA' hai| kyoMki nepathyako ukti raGgameM abhinaya kie jAnevAle zrarthakI zilAke samAna hotI hai / jaise uttararAmacaritake dvitIya prake prAdimeM [nepathyameM] tapodhanAkA svAgata hai / " isake bAda tapodhanA praveza karatI hai / " isameM nepathya meM sthita vAsantikakA rUpa strIpAtrake dvArA zrAtreyI rUpa vastuke sUcita honese yaha 'cUlikA' [kA udAharaNa] hai / prathavA jaise nalavilAsake dvitIya aGkake zrAdimeM [ bhI cUlikA dI gaI hai ]- "saparivAra kalahaMsakA svAgata hai / isake bAda kalahaMsa aura makarikA Adi parivAra praviSTa hotA hai / " isameM nepathyavartI 'zekhara' nAmaka puruSapAtra ke dvArA kalahaMsAdi vastuke sUcita hone se 'dhUlikA hai / athavA jaise rasnAvalImeM - [prathama praGkameM ] "apanI samasta prabhAko prastAcalapara bikherakara, sUryake zrAkAzake pAra cale jAnepara, sAyaMkAla ke samaya sabhA maNDapa meM eka sAtha praviSTa hote hue sAre rAjA kamaloMkI kAntikA haraNa karane vAle [zrarthAt kamaloMke samAna sundara ] aura atyanta Ananda [ pratyutkarSa ] ko pradAna karane vAle [candramA kI kiraNoMke samAna kamala-zobhApahArI aura zrAhlAdakAraka ] satata udayazIla are pAvoMke samAna prApa 'udayana' ke [pAdoMkoM] caraNoMko sevA [upAsanA ] karanekelie bela rahe haiN|
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________________ 60 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 27, sU0 23 iti nepathya pAtreNa bandinA kAnanasthasyodayanavastunaH sAgarikAM prati sUcanAt cUlikA // 26 // athAGkAvatAraM lakSayitumAha- [ sUtra 23 ] - - mo'GkAvatAro yat pAtrairaGkAntaramasUcanam / pAtrAntarAbhAvena yasyaivAGkasya pAtrairavicchinnArthatayA sUcanIyArthasyAbhAvAt pravezaka viSkambhaka sUcanArahitamaGkAntaraM bhavati, sa dvitIyAGkasyAvatAraNAdRGkAvatAraH / yathA mAlavikAgnimitre prathame'Gke -- "vidUSakaH -- tena hi duve vi devIe pekkhAgi gaiba saMgIdobakaraNaM gahiba tattabhavado dRdaM visajjetha / athavA mudaMgasaddo yyeva NaM utthAvaissadi / [tena hi dvAvapi devyAH prekSAgRhaM gatvA saGgItopakaraNaM gRhItvA tatrabhavantau dUrta visarjayetAm | athavA mRdaGgazabda eva tamutthApayiSyati iti / saMskRtam ] / " ityupakrame mRdaGgazabdazravaNAnantaraM tAnyeva sarvANi pAtrANi dvitIyAGkamArabhante iti / anye tu yatra anAGkAnAM bIjalakSaNo'rtho'vatAryate tamaGkAvatAramAmananti / yathA ratnAvalyAM dvitIyo'GkaH / tatra hi -- yahA~ nepathyavartI cAraNa rUpa pAtra ke dvArA sAgarikAke prati udyAnameM sthita udayana rUpa vastuke sUcanase cUlikA [ banatI] hai / isa prakAra isa eka hI kArikA meM granthakArane 'aGkamukha' zraura 'cUlikA' ina do arthopakSepakoM ke lakSaNa sundaratA ke sAtha prastuta kie haiM / / 26 / / zraGkAvatArakA lakSaNa -- Ma [thakAra ] zraGkAvatArakA lakSaraNa karanekelie kahate haiM [ sUtra 23 ] -- jo [pUrvaM zraGkake] pAtroMke dvArA [ anya kinhIM pAtroMke prAgamanakI foresee prAdi zrarthopakSepakoMke mAdhyama se ] sUcanA die binA [ pUrva zraGkoMke pAtroMse hI ] dUsare aGkakA prArambha hotA hai usako 'praGgAvatAra' kahate haiM / [navIna meM jAnevAle nae ] dUsare pAtroMke na honeke kAraNa aura sUcanIya arthakara prabhAva honese pravezaka, viSkambhaka prAdike binA hI jisa [pUrvavartI] aGka ke pAtroMke dvArA zravicchinna rUpase nae praGkakA prArambha kiyA jAtA hai vaha dvitIya praGkakA pravatAraNa karAne vAlA honese 'zraGkAvatAra' kahalAtA hai| jaise mAlavikAgnimitra [nATaka] ke prathama zra [ke anta] meM [ nimna vAkya zrAtA hai ]-- "vidUSaka - - isalie zrApa donoM devIko raGgazAlA meM jAkara aura saGgItake sAjako sa~bhAlakara [yahA~ hama logoMke pAsa ] dUta bheja diijiegaa| prathavA [dUta bhejanekI prAvazyakatA nahIM hogI kyoMki prApake] mRdaGgakA zabda ho hama sabako uThA [kara saGgIta sunanekelie Apake pAsa pahu~cA ] degA / " [prathama ke anta meM] isa prakArakA upakrama karake mRdaGga zabdake avaraNake bAda ve hI saba pAtra dvitIya praGkakA prArambha karate haiM / dUsare prAcArya to jisa meM zranya [saba] praGkoMke bIjabhUta arthako avatAraraNA kI
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________________ prathamo vivekaH [ 61 "Idisamsa kannagArayaNassa Idiye yyeva vare ahilAseNa bhodavvaM / [Idazasya kanyAratnasyedRza eva vare'bhilASeNa bhavitavyam / iti saMskRtam]" ityAdiko'nurAgalakSaNaH sarvAGkAnAmartha iti / zrayaM ca garbhAGko'pyucyate / kA0 27, sU0 24 ] yadAhu: "aGkAntareva cAGko nipatati yasmin prayogamAsAdya / bIjArtha yuktiyukto garbhAGko nAma vijJeyaH // " iti atha viSkambhakAdInAM viSayavyavasthAmAha [ sUtra 24 ] Adyau sUcye bahAvanye kramAdalpe tare tame // 27 // tara-tama-pratyayau nAntarIyakatayA sannidhAnAccAlpazabdaM prakRtimAkarSataH, tenAlpatare alpatame ityarthaH / chando'nurodhAcca pratyayAnukaraNanirdezaH / 'zranye' aGkAsya- cUlikA aGkAvatArAH / kramAditi lakSaNakrameNa / 'bahau', bahukAle ca sUcye AviSkambhaka pravezakau / 'alpe' alpakAle cAGkAsyam, alpatare alpatarakAle ca cUlikA, alpatame alpatamakAle cAGkAvatAra iti // 27 // jAtI hai usako 'praGkAvatAra' mAnate haiM / jaise ratnAvalImeM dUsarA aGka [inake matase zraGkAvatAra kA udAharaNa banatA hai]| kyoMki usameM-- . " isa prakArake kanyAratnakA isa prakArake varameM hI abhilASa honA cAhie" / ityAdi saba zraGkoMkA [bIjabhUta] anurAga rUpa artha [ pradarzita kiyA gayA hai] isa lie [yaha dvitIyAGka hI zraGkAvatAra mAnA jAtA hai] / isIko [ ve loga ] 'garbhAGka' bhI kahate haiN| jaisAki [ garbhAGkakA lakSaNa karate hue ] likhA hai ki- "jahA~ prayoga [ke avasara] ko prApta karake zraGkake bhItara ho bIjArtha aura yukti sahita navIna zraGka [usase avicchinna rUpase prArambha ho jAtA hai usako 'garbhAGka' nAmase samajhanA cAhie / viSkambhakAdikI viSaya-vyavasthA- pichalI kArikAoM meM viSkambhaka, pravezaka Adi pA~ca prakArake arthopakSepakoM kA varNana kiyA thA unake viSayakA upasaMhAra karate hue 27vIM kArikAke uttarArddha-bhAga meM inakA prayoga kaba-kaba karanA cAhie isa viSayavyavasthAkA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra likhate haiMta froster zrAvikI viSaya-vyavasthAko kahate haiM ------------ [ sUtra 24 ] - bahuta aura bahukAla -vyApI [arthake] sUcanIya honepara bhAvike do [prarthAt viSkambhaka auaura pravezakakA prayoga karanA cAhie] aura alpa, pralpatara evaM alpatama [artha sUcanIya] hone para kramase [praGkAsya, cUlikA aura praGkAvatAra rUpa ] anya [arthopakSepakakA prayoga karanA cAhie] / 27 / [kArikAmeM die hue ] tara, tama donoM pratyaya [ prakRtike binA na raha sakane ke kAraNa avinAbhUta honese aura sannihita honeke kAraNa 'alpa' zabdako prakRti rUpameM prAkarSita kara lete haiN| isalie alpatara aura alpatama yaha artha ho jAtA hai / [mUla kArikAmeM ] chandake anurodha ke kAraNa [alpatara alpatama na kahakara kevala tara tama dvArA) pratyayake dhanukararaNakA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / [kArikAmeM prAe hue ] 'anya' [pada ] se praGkAsya, cUlikA aura aGkA
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________________ yAlAca / 62 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 28, sU025 zratha aAnantarodiSTamupAyaM vyAcaSTe[sUtra 25]--bIjaM patAkA prakarI binduH kArya yathArUci / phalasya hetavaH paJca cetanAcetanAtmakAH // 28 // ___ upAyasvarUpAparijJAne tadviSayANAmArambhAdInAM svarUpaparijJAnAsambhava iti upAyasvarUpa. vyutpAdyate / 'yathAruci' iti naiSAmaudeziko nibandhakramaH, sarveSAmavazyambhAvitvaM vA / . 'phalasya' mukhyasAdhyasya 'hetava' upaayaaH| iha hetuvidhA acetanazcetanazca / acetano'pi mukhyAmukhya bhedAda dvidhA / mukhyo bIjam, tanmUlatvAditareSAm / amukhyastu kAryam / cetano'pi dvidhA mukhya upakaraNabhRtazca / mukhyo vatAra [kA grahaNa hotA hai / 'kamAt' isa parase lakSaNake kramase [praGkAsya cUlikA prazAvatArakA praharaNa karanA caahie| svecchayA nahIM yaha abhiprAya hai] / bahuta tathA bahukAla vyApI [marthaka] sUcanIya honepara prAdike do arthAt viSkambhaka aura pravezaka [prayukta hote haiM] / alpa aura alpakAlIna [arthaka sUcanIya] honepara aGkAsya, [usase bhI kama] alpatara aura malpatara-kAlIna [arthake sUcanIya] honepara cUlikA, tathA [usase bhI kama alpatama aura alpatama-kAlIna [arthaka sUcanIya] honepara alAvatAra kA prayoga kiyA jAnA cAhie yaha abhiprAya hai / 27 // isa prakAra isa kArikAko samAptike sAtha pAMcoM poMpakSepakoMkA viSaya-vivecana samApta ho jAtA hai| pAMcavIM kArikAmeM nATakakA jo lakSaNa kiyA gayA thA usakI hI vyAkhyA mAge cala rahI hai| isameM 'mara' pada pAyA thA usakI vyAkhyAke prasaGga meM ina viSkambhaka mAdi parthopakSepakoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gyaa| usake dvArA nATaka ke lakSaNa meM pAe hue 'ma' padakI vyAkhyA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| nATaka-lakSaNa vAlI kArikA meM 'maGka' padake bAda 'upAya' padakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| prata eva aGka padakI vyAkhyAke bAda 'upAya' padakI vyAkhyA krama-prApta hai / isa lie agalI kArikAmeM 'upAya' padakI vyAkhyA prArambha karate haiN| isa kArikAmeM pAMca prakArake upAya batalAe gae haiN| parantu pahile unake cetana paura macetana do bheda kie haiN| unameM se pracetana upAyoMke bhI mukhya tathA pramukhya do bheda kie hai| phira cetana upAyoMke bhI mukhya tathA upakaraNabhUta do bheda karake unameMse upakaraNa bhUtake bhI do bheda kara die haiN| isa prakAra upAyoMkI saMkhyA pAMca ho jAtI hai| ina pAMcoM upAyoM kA varNana isa kArikAmeM nimna prakArase kiyA hai ___ aba [nATaka-lakSaNameM] aGkake bAda kahe hue 'upAya' [pada] kI vyAkhyA [prArambha] [sUtra 24]-1. bIja, 2. patAkA, 3. prakarI, 4. bindu aura 5. kArya [patAkA prakarI aura bindu ye tIna cetana tathA bIja evaM kAryako do acetana isa prakAra] ye cetana aura pracetanAramaka phalake hetu pA~ca ['upAya' kahalAte haiM [unakA apanI rucike anusAra [prayukta] kre|28|| upAyoMke svarUpako jAne binA unake sambandhameM prArambhAvike svarUpakA parimAna bhI pasambhava hai, isa lie 'upAyoM ke svarUpakA paricaya karavAyA jA rahA hai / [kArikAmeM pAe
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________________ kA0 26, sU0 26 ] prathamo vivekaH binduH, kAryAnusandhAnarUpatvAt / upakaraNabhUto dvidhA / (1) svArthasiddhiyutaH parArthasiddhiparaH, (2) parArthasiddhiparazca / pUrvaH patAkA, anyaHprakarIti / atra cAcetana. cetanAnAM madhye bIjabindvomukhyatvam, sarvavyApitvAditi // 28 // atha bIjamAha sUtra 26]-stokodiSTaH phalaprAnto hetu/jaM prarohaNAt / AdI gabhIratvAdalpanikSipto mukhyaphalAvasAnazca yo hetu mukhyasAdhyopAyaH, sa dhAnyabIja va 'bIjabhU' / 'prarohaNAt' uttaratra zAkhopazAkhAdibhivistaraNAt / idaM ca AmukhAnantaraM nibadhyate / bIjaM hi naattkaadiinaamitivRttaarthsyopaayH| prAmukhaM tu rUpakaprastAvanArtha naTasyaiva vRttam / yAH thunaratra nATakArthaspRzo naToktayastAH prayogapAtanikAthemeva / ata eva prAmukhoktA api bIjoktayaH praviSTanATakapAga punarucyante / tathA ca ratnAvalyAmhue] 'yathAdhi' isa [pada se yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki ki prauddezika [arthAta jisa kramase unako yahAM par3hA gayA hai usI] kramase [nATakameM] unakA prayoga-krama [apekSita nahIM hai| aura saba [pAMcoM upAyoM] kA aparihAryatva [apekSila] hai| [arthAt kavi yA nATakakAra apanI AvazyakatA aura icchAke anusAra unameMse kinhIMkA aura kisI bhI kramase upayoga kara sakatA hai] / 'phala' arthAt [nATakake] mukhya sAdhyake 'hetu' upAya [kahalAte haiN| ye hetu [upAya] do prakArake hote haiN| eka 'pracetana' aura dUsare 'cetana' / [unameMse] acetana hetu] bhI mukhya tathA amukhya bhedase do prakArakA hotA hai| mukhya [acetana hetu] bIja' [kahalAtA] hai| kyoMki anya saba usake prAzrita hote haiN| pramukhya [acetana hetu) 'kArya' kahalAtA hai| cetana hetu] bhI mukhya aura upakaraNabhUta do prakArakA hotA hai| mukhya [cetana hetu] kAryAnusandhAna rUpa honese 'bindu' [kahalAtA hai| upakaraNabhUta [cetana hetu bhI] do prakArakA hotA hai| epha svArthasiddhiyukta honeke sAtha parArthasiddhipara, aura dUsarA [kevala parArthasiddhimeM tatpara / [inase] pahilA arthAt svArthasiddhiyukta honeke sAtha parArthasiddhipara cetana sAdhana 'ptaakaa'| aura [kevala parArthasiddhipara] dUsarA [cetana sAdhana] 'prakarI' kahalAtA hai| inameM se bhI acetana tathA cetana [sAdhanoM aura upAyoM meMse [kramazaH] bIja aura binduko [nATaka kI pAkhyAna-vastumeM] sarvatra vyApaka honese mukhyatA hai // 28 // aba Age [upAyoMmeMse sarvaprathama] 'bIja' ko kahate haiM bhUtra 26]--[prArambhameM] sUkSmarUpase kahA gayA aura [antameM] phala rUpameM paryavasita honevAlA mukhya acetana hetu [vRkSake bIjake samAna zAkhA prAvi rUpameM vistRta ho jAnese 'bIja' [kahalAtA hai| [nATakake prArambhameM, [gambhIra duya honese sUkSma rUpameM boyA aura mukhya phalameM samApta honevAlA jo hetu, mukhya-sAdhyakA upAya hai vaha dhAnyake bIjake samAna honese 'bIja' [kahalAtA hai| kArikAmeM Ae hue] 'prarohaNAt' [padakA abhiprAya] 'zAkhA-prazAkhA rUpameM phaila jAnese' yaha hai| [nATakako racanAmeM] prAmukha [prastAvanA ke bAda isa [bIja] ko nibaddha kiyA jAtA hai| bIja nATakake itivRtta [pAkhyAna-vastu] kA upAya [hotA hai| [kintu] prAmukha to rUpakako prastuta karanekelie naTakA hI vyApAra [vRttam] hai| [arthAt
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 26, sU016 "dvIpAdanyasmAdapi madhyAdapi jalanidherdizo'pyantAt / pAnIya jhaTiti ghaTa yati vidhirabhimatamabhimukhIbhUtaH // " ityAdyAmukhoktaM yaugandharAyaNaH paThati / prAmukha-bhAgakA nATakako mulya mAlyAna-vastu yA itivRtta kathA Adike sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hotA hai / isa [prAmukha] meM jo nATakake mukhya kathA-bhAga [artha] ko sparza karanevAlI naToMkI uktiyAM hotI haiM ve prayogakI avataraNikAkelie hI hotI haiM [mukhya nATakakA aGga nahIM hotI hai / isI lie prAmukhameM kahI huI bIjabhUta uktiyoMko [prAmukhake bAda] praviSTa humA nATakakA pAtra phirase duharAtA hai / isIlie ratnAvalImeM---- "anukUlatAko prApta huA [abhimukhIbhUtaH] vaiva, anya dvIpase, sAgarake bIcase aura vizAoMke chorase bhI apane abhISTa arthako lAkara milA detA hai|" prAmukhameM kahe hue [nATakake kathAbhAgako sparza karanevAle] isa zloka ko priAmukha ke bAda praviSTa humA nATakakA pAtra] yaugandharAyaNa phira par3hatA hai| ___ ratnAvalIke prAmukhameM naTIne naTase yaha kahA thA ki merI eka hI lar3akI hai tumane bar3e dUra dezameM usakA sambandha pakkA kara diyA hai| patA nahIM itanI dUrase Akara vaha kaba merI lar3akIkA pANigrahaNa kregaa| maiM to isI cintAmeM marI jA rahI huuN| isalie merA mana gAne-vAneko nahIM karatA hai / isake uttarameM naTane isa zlokako kahA hai / usakA bhAva yaha hai ki tuma cintA kyoM karatI ho / bhagavAna ke anukUla honepara ve to dUsare dvIpase, samudrake madhyase mora dizAmoMke chorase bhI abhimata proMko lAkara milA dete haiN| taba yaha kArya bhI pUrNa hogA hii| kyoMki maiMne bhI to bhagavAnakI preraNAse hI yaha sambandha pakkA kiyA hai| isa prakAra yaha zloka mukhya rUpase naTIkI cintAkI nivRttike lie naTake dvArA kahA gayA hai / kintu vaha prakRta nATakakI kathAvastuko sparza kara rahA hai| isa nATakakI nAyikA ratnAvalI siMhalezvarakI putrI hai| kisI jyotiSIne isa nATakake nAyaka rAjA udayana aura unake mantrI yogandharAyaNako batalAyA thA ki siMhalezvarakI putrI isa ratnAvalIke sAtha jisakA vivAha hogA vaha cakravartI sAmAjyako prApta kregaa| isa lie udayanakI porase yogandharAyaNane ratnAvalIkA vivAha udayanake sAtha kara denekA prastAva usake pitA ke sAmane rkhaa| kintu usa samaya udayanakI rAnI vAsavadattA vidyamAna thI jo dUrake sambandhameM ratnAvalIkI bahina lagatI thii| siMhalezvarane yaha socakara ki isa vivAhase ratnAvalIkI bahina vAsavadattAko kleza hogA-usa prastAvako asvIkAra kara diyaa| kucha samaya bAda yaugandharAyaNane vAsavadatIka mara jAnekA samAcAra phailA dene ke bAda vahI prastAva phira siMhalezvarake sAmane rkhaa| isa bAra ve sambandha karane ke lie taiyAra ho ge| usa prasaGga meM ratnAvalI siMhalase bhArata pA rahI thii| usakA jahAja DUba gyaa| vaha jaise-taise kisI kASTha ke sahAre bacakara udharase pAnevAle vyApAriyoMke dvArA yogandharAyaNako prApta huI / yaugandharAyaNane use apanI bahina batalAkara rakSAke lie rAjamahala meM rAnI vAsavadattAke pAsa kucha dinoMke lie rakha diyaa| yaha kenyA sAgarase prApta huI thI isa lie isakA nAma bhI yaugandharAyaNane 'sAgarikA' rakha diyA thaa| kanyAko vAsavadattAne apane pAsa rakha to liyA kintu usake apUrva rUpa-lAvaNyako dekhakara vaha bar3I sazaka ho gaI ki kahIM rAjAkI dRSTi
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________________ kA0 26, sU0 26 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 65 yathA vA 'satyaharizcandre' "satvaikattAnavRttInAM pratijJAtArthakAriNAm / prabhaviSNurna devo'pi kiM punaH prAkRto jnH||" ityAmukhoktaM harizcandraH paThati / yathA vA asmadupajJa eva 'yAdavAbhyudaye'---- udayAbhimukhyabhAjAM sampattyarthaM vipattayaH puMsAma / jvalitAnale prapAtaH kanakasya hi tejaso vRddhayai / / iti nATakapAtraM guptamantraH paThati / isa para na par3a jAya / isa lie vaha bar3e yatna-pUrvaka rAjA udayanakI dRSTise usako bacAe rakhane kA yatna karatI thii| kintu rAjamahala meM rahakara yaha kaba taka sambhava thA / mAkhira rAjA ke kAnoM taka usa ke rUpa-lAvaNyakI carcA pahu~cI hii| aura phira saba prakArake upAyoMkA avalambana karake rAjAne usakA sAkSAtkAra karane aura bhantameM usake sAtha vivAha karane meM saphalatA prApta kara hI lii| ____ isa kramase anukUla devane siMhala nAmaka dUsare dvIpase, samudra ke madhyase aura dizAoM chorase ratnAvalIko lAkara udayanake sAtha sambaddha kara hI diyaa| isa prakAra prAmukhameM jo yaha zloka kevala naTIkI sAntvanAke lie kahA gayA thA vaha nATakakI mukhya kathA vastukA sparza kara rahA hai| isalie prAmukhakI samAptike bAda jaba nATakake pAtrake rUpameM udayanake mantrI yogandharAyaNa raGgamaJca para praviSTa hote haiM to phira ve isa zlokako doharAte haiM / pAmukha meM par3hA huaA yaha zloka mukhya kathAbhAgakA sparza karanevAlA honepara bhI kevala naToktimAtra thA, nATakakA bhAga nhiiN| isI lie mukhya nATakase sambaddha karane ke lie yogandharAyaNake dvArA usakA punaH pATha dikhalAyA gayA hai| isI prakArake aura udAharaNa bhI mAge dete haiN| athavA jaise 'satyaharizcanda' [nATaka] meM-- kevala satva-pradhAna vRttiyoM vAloM aura pratijJAta praryako [nizcita rUpase pUrNa karane vAloM ke mArga meM bAdhA DAlane ke lie baiMva bhI samartha nahIM hotA hai phira sAdhAraNa logoMkI to bAta hI kyaa| prAmukhameM kahe hue isa [iloka] ko [nATaka ke pAtrake rUpameM praviSTa hamA] harizcandra [phira dubArA] par3hatA hai| athavA. jaise hamAre hI banAe hae yAdavAbhyudaya meM unnatikI ora pragatizIla puruSoMkI vipattiyAM bhI unake abhyudaya [sampatti ke lie hI hotI haiM / sonekA prajvalita agni meM par3anA bhI usakI kAntiko bar3hAnevAlA hotA hai| [prAmukhameM pAe hue kathA-sparzI isa bIjabhUta zlokako] guptamantra [nAmakA pAtra phira par3hatA hai| ye tInoM zloka usa-usa nATakake prAmukhameM kisI anya rUpameM kahe gae haiM kintu unake dvArA mukhya nATakake pAkhyAna vastuko bIja rUpase sUcanA milatI hai| sUtradhAra bhI mukhya nATakake pAkhyAna-vastuko saMkSipta rUpameM sUcita karanekI dRSTise hI una zleSamaya zlokoMkA
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 26, sU0 26 tatra bAja kvAcad vyApArarUpam / yathA ratnAvalyAM vatsarAjasya ratnAvalIprAptiheturanukUladevaH sAgarikAntaHpura nikSepAdi yaugandharAyaNa vyApAraH / kvacittu vyasananivRttiphale rUpake vyasanopakSeparUpam / yathA 'mAyApuSpake' zApaH pravizya vacanakrameNAha - 66 kaikeyI kva pativratA bhagavatI kvaivaMvidhaM vAgviSaM dharmAtmA kva raghUdvahaH kva gamito'raNyaM sajAyAnujaH / kva svaccho bharataH kva vA pitRbadhAnmAtrAdhikaM dahyate kiM kRtveti kRto mayA dazarathe vadhye kulasya kSayaH // prayoga karatA hai / parantu yAmukha bhAga meM prayukta isa prakArakI uktiyoM ko bIja nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / pramukha ke bAda bIjakA grAropaNa hotA hai / isI lie pramukhakI samApti ke bAda mukhya nATakakA jo pAtra raGgamaJcapara AtA hai usake dvArA isa prakArakI uktiyoMko punaH kahalAkara nATakakAra bIjakA AropaNa karatA hai / yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai / yaha bIja rUpa upAya, nATakoM ke AkhyAna vastuke anusAra vibhinna rUpakA hotA hai / nATakakA avasAna jisa rUpa meM honA hai usIke anusAra nATakake Arambha meM usakA bIjAropaNa kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakArake cAra udAharaNa granthakAra Age prastuta karate haiM / inameM se pahilA udAharaNa ratnAvalI nATikAse diyA gayA hai / ratnAvalI nATikA meM jaisAki pahile kahA jA cukA hai sAgara se prApta huI ratnAvalIko yaugandharAyaNane sAgarikA nAmakI apanI bahina kahakara udayanake rAjamahala meM vAsavadattAke pAsa rakha diyA hai / yahI isakA bIja bhAga hai / isIke dvArA vatsarAja udayanako zrAge calakara ratnAvalIkI prApti ho sakI hai / yaha bIja yaugandharAyaNakA vyApAra rUpa hai / isI bAta ko Age likhate haiM- aura vaha bIja kahIM vyApArarUpa hotA hai / jaise ratnAvalI [nATikA meM] vatsarAja [udayana] ko ratnAvalIko prApti karAnevAlA devakI anukUlatAse yukta sAgarikAkA antaHpura meM [ vAsavadattA ke samIpa ] rakhane zrAdikA yaugandharAyaNakA vyApAra / isa prakAra ratnAvalI meM yaugandharAyaNakA vyApAra bIjabhUta upAyake rUpameM prayukta huyA hai / isameM ratnAvalIkI prApti nATakakA antima phala abhISTa haiM isa lie ratnAvalI kA antaHpura-nikSepa usa kA janaka honese 'bIja' hai / jisa nATaka meM kisI vipattikI nivRtti AkhyAna vastukA carama phala abhISTa hotA hai usameM usa vipattikA prArambha ho 'bIja' rUpa upAya ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| isakA udAharaNa Age dete haiM / kahIM, jahA~ki [ nAyakapara zrAnevAlI kisI] vipattikA nivAraNa hI [nATakakA mukhya ] phala hai| usa nATakameM vipattikA prArambha [bIja rUpameM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai ] / jaise 'mAyAgote' [nATaka] meM [ zravaNakumArake vadha ke bAda usake andhe mAtA-pitA dvArA dazarathako diyA huA ] zApa [ mAnava rUpameM] praviSTa hokara vacanakramase [nATakake bhAvI zrAkhyAnaM - vastuko ] kahatA hai kahA~ to pativratA bhagavatI kaikeyI aura kahA~ isa prakArakA vAraNIkA viSa [ ugalanA ], kahA~ dharmAtmA rAmacandra aura kahA~ usako strI aura bhAIke mAtha vanako bhejA jAnA, kahA~ svaccha hRdaya bharata aura kahA~ pitAke vadhake kAraNa mAtrAse bhI adhika aparimita santApako
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________________ kA0 26, su0 26 ] prathamo vivekaH kvacid vyasanAbhyudayayorupakSeparUpam / yathA 'tApasavatsarAje' mANavakaH "macco vi evaM sAmiNA apaNo paDikUlamAyaraMterA daDhaM AyAsido ! patthudaM ca Na. rumA missehiM saha saMpadhAriye sAmibhattIe madivihavassa ya guruvaM" ityAdi / [ zramAtyo'pyevaM svAminA AtmanaH pratikUlamAcaratA dRDhamAyAsitaH / prastutaM cAnena rumaNvanamizraH saha sampradhArya svAmibhaktyA mativibhavasya cAnurUpam / iti saMskRtam ] | kvacid vyasanopanipAte tannivRttyupakramarUpam / yathA mudrArAkSase cANakya:"AH ka eSa mayi sthite candraguptamabhibhavitumicchati / nandakulakAlabhujagIM kopAnalabaddaladhUmalatAm / adyApi badhyamAnAM vadhyaH ko necchati zikhAM me // ityAdi nAyaka pratinAyaka - zramAtyAdyAzrayeNa vicitrarUpo bIjopanyAsa iti / [ zrathavA mAtAke dvArA duHkhako ] bhoga rahA hai / [ mujha zApake dvArA ] kevala dazarathake ho vadhya hone para bhI maiMne yaha sAre kulakA vinAza kyoM kara DAlA / kahIM vyasana tathA abhyudaya [arthAt pahale honevAle vyasana yA vipati aura usake bAda prApta honevAle abhyudayakA pradarzana jisa nATakako kathA vastumeM kiyA gayA hai usa prakAra ke nATaka] donoMkA [boja rUpameM] upakSepa [hotA hai] jaise tApasavatsarAjacaritameM mAragavaka [praviSTa hokara kahatA hai ki ] isa prakAra svAmIne [ vatsarAja udayanane] svayaM apane pratikUla zrAcaraNa karake zramAtya ko bhI atyanta kaSTa diyA / kintu usa [amAtya yaugandharAyaNa] ne svAmibhakti aura apane buddhivaibhavake anurUpa [dUsare mantrI] rumaNvAn mitrake sAtha vicAra kara [kAryakA] prArambha kara diyA / kahIM [prArambha nAyakake Upara] vipattike zrAne [kI sambhAvanA hone ] para usakI nivRttikA upakrama [bIja rUpameM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai] jaise mudrArAkSasameM cAraNakya [kahatA hai ] - are mere rahate yaha kauna candraguptako balapUrvaka abhibhUta karanA cAhatA hai / [ 67 yaha kauna mRtyukA abhilASI [vadhyaH kaH ] nandakula [ kA vinAza karanevAlI, usa ] kI kAlI nAgina rUpa aura [mere] pracaNDa kopAnalakI nIlI dhUmarekhA rUpa merI zikhAko prAja [ nandakulakA nAza ho jAnepara ] bhI baMdhane nahIM denA cAhatA hai / ityAdi / [ isa prakAra ] nAyaka- pratinAyaka zramAtya Adike zrAzrayase [nATakake] bIjakA prAropaNa nAnA prakArase kiyA jA sakatA hai / mudrArAkSasa meM rAkSasa aura malayaketu milakara candraguptako rAjyacyuta karane kI yojanA banA rahe haiM / nandakulakA vinAza kara cANakyane hI candraguptako rAjA banAyA hai / isalie jaba use yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki malayaketuke sAtha milakara nandakulakA purAnA mantrI rAkSasa candraguptako rAjyacyuta karanA cAhatA hai taba usane yaha zloka kahA hai / yahI zloka mudrArAkSasa nATakakA bIjabhUta hai / isIke zAkhA prazAkhAtroMke rUpameM Age kathAbhAgameM cAraNakya tathA rAkSasa donoMke prayatnoMkA paricaya milatA hai / usakA pariNAma anta meM rAkSasakA cAraNakyako zrAtmasamarpaNa hotA hai /
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________________ nATyadarpaNam 65 ] patAkA-nirUpaNa isa kArikA ke pUrvArddha-bhAga meM bIjarUpa prathama upAyakA varNana uttarArddha-bhAga meM patAkA rUpa dUsare upAyakA varNana prArambha karate haiN| jA cukA hai, pA~ca upAyoMko cetana tathA pracetana bhedase do bhAgoM meM vibhakta pA~coM, sAdhanoM meM se bIja tathA kAryarUpa rUpa do upAyoMko pracetana sAdhanoM meM prakArI tathA bindu rUpa tIna upAyoMko cetana sAdhanoM meM ginA jAtA hai / 'bIja' rUpa pracetana sAdhanakA varNana kiyA thA isa lie sAmAnyataH usake bAda dUsare pracetana sAdhana 'kArya' kA varNana karanA cAhie thA / kintu mUla kArikA meM 'bIja' ke bAda 'patAkA' kA nAmataH kathana yA uddezya kiyA gayA hai / isalie uddeza kramase hI unake lakSaraNa karanA ucita mAnakara 'bIja' ke bAda 'patAkA' kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai- pA~coM upAyoMkA nAmataH kathana yA uddeza karane vAlI kArikAmeM jo bIjake bAda patAkAkA nAma rakhA gayA hai vaha kadAcit chandoanurodhase hI rakhA gayA hai / patAkA zabdakA prasiddha artha dhvajA hai / parantu yahA~ vaha artha abhipreta nahIM hai / dhvajA rUpa patAkA pracetana padArtha hai / yahA~ patAkA zabda se vetana arthakA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa lie patAkA zabdakA mukhya prasiddha artha yahA~ saGgata nahIM hotA hai / yahA~ nAyakake kAryakI siddhi meM sahAyatA denevAle kisI cetana vyaktike lie 'patAkA' zabdakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jaise rAmacandra, ke caritra meM sItAnayana prAdi rUpa kAryakI siddhi meM unake sahAyaka sugrIva rahe haiN| 'isa lie ve 'patAkA' yA 'patAkA nAyaka' kahalAte haiN| patAkA jisa prakAra prasiddhi tathA prAzastya kI sUcikA hotI hai / isI prakAra patAkA nAyaka bhI pradhAna nAyakakI prasiddhi tathA prAzastya zrAdikA sUcaka hotA hai| isa lie patAkA ke sadRza hone se usako bhI 'patAkA' yA 'patAkA nAyaka' kahA jAtA hai / patAkA aura prakarI [ kA0 26, sU0 26 'patAkA' ke sAtha hI dUsarA zabda 'prakarI' bhI ina pA~coM upAyoMkI gaNanA meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai / ye donoM pradhAna nAyakako kAryasiddhimeM usake pradhAna sahAyaka hote haiM / ina donoM meM paraspara yaha antara hotA hai ki 'patAkA nAyaka' kA apanA bhI kucha svArtha hotA hai / bhora 'prakarI' kA apanA koI svArtha nahIM hotA hai / 'patAkA nAyaka' apane svArthako siddhike sAtha-sAtha pradhAna nAyakake kAryakI siddhi meM sahAyaka hotA hai / kintu 'prakarI' apane kisI svArthakI apekSA na rakhakara nirapekSa bhAvase pradhAna - nAyakakA sahAyaka hotA hai / 'rAmacarita' meM sugrIva 'patAkA nAyaka' hai aura jaTAyu 'prakarI' kA udAharaNa hai| sugrIva bAlise apane rAjya maura apanI patnIko vApisa dilAne ke svArthako siddha kara rAmakA sahAyaka banA hai / prora jaTAyu nirapekSa bhAvase rAmakI sahAyatA karatA hai| isa lie svArdhasiddhiyuta honeke kAraNa sugrIva 'patAkA nAyaka' mora kevala parArthasiddhi para hone ke kAraNa jaTAyu 'prakarI nAyaka' haiM / isI abhiprAyako lekara Age graMthakAra 'patAkA' aura 'prakarI' ke lakSaNa dete haiM / unameM se bhI pahile ve patAkAkA lakSaraNa karate haiM / patAkA aura prakarI kA dUsarA bheda kiyA gayA hai| aba jaisA ki Upara kahA kiyA gayA hai / aura zeSa patAkA pichale prakaraNa meM patAkA aura prakarIkA eka bheda to yaha huA ki patAkA nAyaka ke sAtha svArthakA
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________________ kA0 26, sU. 26 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 66 sambandha bhI rahatA hai aura prakarauke sAtha svArthasiddhikA koI prazna nahIM rahatA hai| inakA dUsarA bheda donoMke caritrakI vyApakatAkI dRSTise hai / 'prakarI' kA caritra bilakula ekadezI aura sImita hotA hai| patAkA-nAyakakA caritra usakI apekSA paryApta bar3A aura adhika deza-vyApI hotA hai| patAkAkA lakSaNa karate hue jo 'mA-vimarzAt' pada diyA gayA hai usase patAkA-nAyakake caritrakI vyApakatA hI pradarzita kI gaI hai| nATakake kathAbhAgako pAMca bhAgoMmeM bAMTakara usameM pAMca prakArako sandhiyoMkA prayoga karanekA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ina sandhiyoM ke nAma.-1. mukha-sandhi, 2. pratimukha-sandhi, 3. garbha-sandhi, 4. vimarza sandhi aura 5. nirvahaNa-sandhi rakhe gae haiN| inameM patAkA-nAyakakA caritra mukha-sandhise prArambha hokara 'mA-vimarzAt' vimarza sandhitaka vyApta ho sakatA hai / 'mA-vimarzAt' padameM pAe hue prAGa-upasargake bhI do artha haiM / eka 'maryAdA' aura dUsarA 'mabhividhi' / 'tena vinA maryAdA' aura 'tatsahito abhividhiH| mA-vimarzAt padameM yadi prAGa-upasargako maryAdArthaka mAneM to 'tena vinA' arthAt vimarza sandhiko chor3akara arthAt garbha-sandhi paryanta patAkA-nAyaka ke caritrakA kSetra rahatA hai / aura yadi mAGa upasargako 'abhividhi' arthameM mAnate haiM to 'tena saha abhividhiH' isa lakSaNa ke anusAra 'prAvimarzAta' padase vimarza-sandhiko bhI sammilita karake mukha, pratimukha, garbha aura vimarza ina cAroM sandhiyoM meM patAkA-nAyakakA caritra vyApaka ho sakatA hai / parantu 'prakarI' kA caritra bilakula ekadezI hotI hai / patAkA anivArya nahIM . patAkA aura prakarI donoM ke viSayameM eka bAta yaha aura dhyAna rakhane kI hai ki isa donoM meM se kisIkI bhI sthiti nATakameM anivArya nahIM hai| ina donoMke binA bhI nATakakI racanA ho sakatI hai| inakI prAvazyakatA usI dazAmeM hai jaba mukhya nAyakako sahAyakako mAvazyakatA hotI hai| jisa nAyakako isa prakArake sahAyakakI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI usake caritra ko lekara likhe gae nATaka kI racanA inake binA bhI kI jA sakatI hai| patAkA aura patAkA sthAna ___ isa sambandha meM eka bAta mora dhyAnameM rakha lenI cAhie ki yaha patAkA zabda kabhIkabhI bhrama utpanna kara detA hai| yaha jo yahA~ patAkAkA lakSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai vaha pradhAnanAyakake sahAyaka patAkA-nAyakakA lakSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai / isake atirikta cAra prakArake patAkA-sthAnoMkA varNana bhI mAge maayegaa| ve 'patAkA-sthAna' isa patAkAse bilakula bhinna vastu hai| jahAM kevala 'patAkA' zabdakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai vahAM usase 'patAkAnAyaka'kA hI grahaNa hotA hai| patAkA-sthAnoMkI carcA jahA~ abhipreta hotI hai vahA~ kevala patAkA zabdakA prayoga na karake 'patAkA-sthAna' zabdakA hI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| ina donoM ke nAmoM meM pratyadhika sAmya hone ke kAraNa hI granthakArane patAkA-lakSaNake bAda hI patAkAsthAnoMkA' bhI varNana kara diyA hai| vaise sAdhAraNataH isa sthala para unake varNanakA koI prasaGga nahIM thaa| isa vivaraNako samajha lene para prAge kahe hue patAkA-lakSaNa ke samajhane meM saralatA hogii|
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________________ so ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 26, sU0 27 atha patAkA nirUpayati [sUtra 27]-prAvimarza patAkA ceccetanaH sa parArthakRt // 26 // svArthAya pravRtto yo hetuzcetanaH parasya pradhAnasya prayojana sampAdayati sa prasiddhi prAzastyahetutvAt patAve va 'ptaakaa'| sugrIva-vibhIpaNAdihi rAmAdinopakreyamANo rAmAderAtmanazcopakArAya bhavan , rAmAdeH prasiddhi prAzastyaM ca sampAdapati / 'ce' iti yadi phalalAdhane sAhAyyApekSANAM nAyakAnAM vRttaM nibadhyate, tadA patAkA bhvti| na tu svaparAkramabahumAninAmiti / evaM prkrypi| avimarzamiti yadA maryAdAyAmAG, tadA mukha-pratimukha-garbhAn , yadA punarabhividhau, tadA vimarzamabhivyApya viramati / tAvatyeva patAkAnAyakasya svaphalasiddhinibadhyate / nirvahaNasandhAvapi tatphale nibadhyamAne tulyakAlayorupakAryopakArakatvAbhAvAt , na tena pradhAnasyopakAraH syAt / siddhaphalastvasau pradhAnaphala eva vyApriyamANo bhUtapUrvagatyA patAkAzabdavAcya iti ||26|| aba [svArthasiddhike sAtha-sAtha parArthasiddhi-para upakaraNabhUta cetanasAdhana rUpa] patAkA kA nirUpaNa karate haiM [sUtra 27]-patAkAkA honA aparihArya nahIM hai kintu] yadi vaha cetana svArthasiddhisahita] parArthakArI ho to [mukhasandhise lekara vimarzasandhi-paryanta 'patAkA' [nAyaka ho sakatA hai / nirvaharaNasandhimeM usakI sthiti nahIM rahanI cAhie // 26 // jo cetana hetu apane svArtha ke lie pravRtta honepara bhI dUsare arthAt pradhAna nAyakake prayojanako siddha karatA hai vaha [pradhAna-nAyakako prasiddhi evaM prAzastyakA hetu honese patAkA ke samAna [goraNa rUpase] 'patAkA' [kahalAtA hai| sugrIva vibhISaNAdi rAmAdike dvArA upakRta hokara rAmAdike aura apane donoM ke upakAraka hokara rAmAdiko prasiddhi aura prAzastya ko siddha karate haiM [isalie 'patAkA' kahalAte haiM] / 'cet' isa padase [yaha bAta sUcita kI hai ki yadi phalasAinameM sahAyaka kI apekSA rakhane vAle nAyakoMke caritrakA varNana kiyA jAtA hai taba to 'patAkA' hotA hai kintu apane hI parAkramako bahuta samajhane vAle [nAyakake caritra ke varNana] meM [patAkA-nAyaka nahIM hotA hai| isI prakAra 'prakarI' meM bhI samajhanA cAhie / 'prA-vimarza' isa padameM jaba prAG 'maryAdA' arthameM hai taba ['tena vinA maryAdA' usa vimarzasandhiko chor3akara mukha pratimukha aura garbhasandhiyoMmeM, aura jaba 'abhividhi' meM [prAGkA prayoga mAne to 'tena saha abhividhiH' usa vimarza sandhiko bhI sammilita karake] vimarza-sandhi paryanta patAkA [nAyakakA caritra] samApta hotA hai| [adhikase adhika] vahA~ taka hI patAkAnAyaka ke apane phalakI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yadi nirvahaNa-sandhimeM bhI usa [patAkA-nAyaka] ke phala kA varNana kiyA jAya to samAna kAla taka rahane vAle [pradhAna-nAyaka aura patAkA-nAyakake caritroMmeM] upakArya-upakAraka bhAra sambhava na honese usa [patAkA-nAyaka ke dvArA pradhAnanAyakakA upakAra nahIM ho skegaa| [vimarza-sandhi paryanta ho] phalakI siddhi ho jAnepara to [nirvaharaNasandhimeM] vaha pradhAna-nAyakake phalake lie hI yatna karatA huA [aba patAkA na rahanepara bhI] bhUtapUrva gatise 'patAkA' zabdase kahA jAtA hai // 26 //
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________________ kA0 30, sU0 28 ] prathamo vivekaH atha patAkAprastAvAt patAkAsthAnakAnAM sAmAnyalakSaNaM bhedAMzcAha-- [sUtra 28]----cintitArthAtparaprApti-kRte ytropkaarinnii| patAkAsthAnakaM tatta caturdA maNDanaM kvacit // 30 // 'arthaH' karma-karaNavyutpattyA prayojanamupAyazca / adhyavasitAtprayojanAdupAyAca anyasya prayojanasyopAyasya ca prApti yativRtte upakAriNI, pradhAnaphalopakArikA taditivRttaM patAkAsthAnakam / upakAritvamAtrasAmyAt patAkAsthAnasya tulyaM patAkA. sthAnakam / na punaH patAkAsthAnameva / ata eva tu-zabdaH patAkAsvarUpAt vyatireka dyotayati / maNDanamiti ekamapi patAkAsthAna nATya-kAvyAlaGkaraNaM kiM puna? trINi catvAri vaa| etadvihInaM rUpakaM na kAryamityarthaH / kvaciditi antarA. ntarA, na tu patAkAvannirantaram / ata eva patAkAto bhidyate // 30 // patAkAsthAna-- isa prakAra patAkAkA prakaraNa honese [usase milate hue] patAkA sthAnake sAmAnya lakSaNa aura usake bhedoMko kahate haiM [sUtra 28]-~soce hue artha [arthAt prayojana tathA upAya] se dUsare [prayojana yA upAya rUpa] arthako [anAyAsa] prApti jahA~ itivRtta [nAkhyAna-vastu] meM upakAriNI ho jAtI hai vaha [nATakameM nirantara na rahakara] kahIM-kahIM hone vAlA cAra prakArakA 'patAkAsthAna' [nATya rUpa kAvyakA zobhAjanaka] saundaryAdhAyaka hotA hai / 30 / / 'artha' zabdase [adhyaMte iti arthaH] isa prakArako karmameM vyutpattise prayojana, tapA [arthyate yena sa arthaH] isa prakArako karaNa vyutpattise upAya [donoM 'artha' kahalAte haiN| nizcita kiye hue prayojana tathA upAyase bhinna prayojana tathA upAyakI prApti jahAM kathAbhAga kI upaphAriNI arthAt pradhAna phalako [siddhi meM] upakAriNI hotI hai vaha kathAbhAga [itivRtta) 'patAkAsthAnaka' kahalAtA hai| pahale kahe hue patAkA-nAyakake samAna pradhAnakai] upakArakatvamAtrako samAnatAke kAraNa patAkAkI arthAt patAkA nAyakake sthAna arthAt sthitike tulya honese yaha 'patAkAsthAna' [kahalAtA hai| [patAkA nAyaka kI sthiti rUpa na honese] 'patAkAsthAnIya' hI nahIM hai| [arthAt patAkAsthAna patAkA svarUpa nahIM kintu pradhAnopakArakatvako samAnatAke kAraNa patAkAke tulya hai| isIlie kArikAmeM pAyA huA] tu-zabda patAkAke svarUpase [patAkAsthAnake bhedako sUcita karatA hai / 'maNDanam' isase [ekavacana] se [yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki eka sthAnapara prayukta] / eka bhI patAkAsthAna nATyakAvyakA saundaryAdhAyaka ho jAtA hai phira do, tIna, cAra [prakArake kahe jAne vAle athavA adhika sthAnoMpara prayukta hue patAkAsthAnoM kA to kahanA hI kyA hai| [nATakameM vizeSa rUpase patAkAsthAnakA prayoga avazya karanA cAhie isake binA rUpaka [kI racanA ko nahIM karanA cAhie yaha abhiprAya hai| [kArikAmeM pAra hue] 'kvacit' isa [pada se [yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki nATakameM] bIca-bIcameM [kahIM-kahIM hI patAkAsthAnoMkA prayoga karanA cAhie] patAkA [nAyaka] ke samAna nirantara [usakI upasthiti prAvazyaka nahIM hai isIlie [patAkA sthAna] patAkA [nAyaka se bhinna [mAnA jAtA hai] // 30 //
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________________ 72 ] nATyadarpaNam kA0 31, sU062 atha mAyabhedama: [tra 26] -sahaseSTArthalAbhazca 'sahasa' ityAkasmikatvena sabhyAnAM camatkAra hetutvamAha / yathA 'ratnAvalyAM' sAgarikAyAM pAzAvalambanapravRttAyAM vAsavadatteti manyamAno rAjA pAzAdvimocayati, tadA taduktyA sAgarikAM pratyabhijJAyAha "kayaM me priyA sAgarikA ? alamalamatimAtreNa / " ityAdi / atrAnyatprayojanaM cintitaM, vaicitryakAri ca prayojanAntaraM smpnnm| yathA vA 'nalavilAse', vidUSaka-kApAlikaniyuddhanivAraNAyodyatasya rAjJo damayantIpratikRtilAbha iti / / anyasminnupAye cintite sahasopAyAntaraprAptiryathA nAgAnande jImUtavAhanasya zaMkhacUDAdaprAptavadhyapaTasya kaJcukinA vAsoyugalArpaNamiti / aba [cAra prakArake patAkAsthAnoM se prathama bhedako kahate haiM [sUtra 26]-sahasA [mAkasmika rUpase prApta honeke kAraNa samyoMke lie camatkAraanaka] iTa vastuko prApti kA varNana prathama prakArakA patAkAsthAna kahalAtA hai / 'sahasA' isa [pa] se mAkasmika rUpase prApta honeke kAraNa sabhyoMke camatkArakA hetutva sUcita kiyA hai / jaise ratnAvalI meM [tRtIya aMkameM] sAgarikAke [apane galemeM] phAMsI lagAnemeM pravRtta honepara rAjA udayana usako [apanI mukhya rAnI] vAsavadattA samajhakara phAMsI se chur3Ate haiM / usa samaya usakI uktiko sunakara sAgarikAko pahicAna kara kahate haiM ki___ "are yaha to merI priyA sAgarikA hai / haTo haTo yaha pratisAhasa mata kro|" ityAdi / yahA~ rAjA udayanane vAsavadattAko pAzase chur3Ane rUpameM] kucha dUsarA hI prayojana socA thA kintu [ sabhyoM ke lie aura svayaM rAjAkelie bhI ] camatkAra-janaka [prAkasmika macintita rUpase sAgarikAkI prApti rUpa] kucha aura hI [prayojana arthAt kArya ho gyaa| athavA jaise nalavilAsameM vidUSaka aura kApAlikakI lar3AIko bacAnekelie udyata [arthAt lar3AI bacAnekA prayatna karate samaya] rAjA [nala] ko [vidUSakake bagala meM se nikala kara girI huI] damayantIkI tasvIrakI prApti / ___ isase pUrva kArikAmeM pAe hue 'artha' zabdakI vyAkhyA karate samaya karma aura karaNa rUpa do prakArako vyutpatti mAna kara 'artha' zabda ke 'prayojana' tathA 'upAya' do artha kiye the| 'sahaseSTArthalAbhazca' isa prathama patAkAsthAnake lakSaNa meM bhI 'artha' zabdake ye donoM prartha abhipreta haiM / inameM se 'prayojana' rUpa prarthako lekara do udAharaNa de die / aba prAge 'upAya' rUpa parthako lekara bhI eka udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM anya upAyake socanepara sahasA [acintita prAkasmika rUpase ] manya upAyakI prApti [kA udAharaNa] jaise nAgAnandameM jImUtavAhanako zaMkhacUr3ase vadhyake [dhAraNa karane yogya] vastroMkI prApti na honepara [akasmAt prAkara] kaMcukIke dvArA [lAla raMgake kapar3e ke jor3oMkA samarpaNa [ira vastuko pUrti karatA hai /
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________________ kA0 31, sU030 ] prathamo vivekaH atha dvitIyamAha sUtra 30]-zliSTasAtizayA ca vAk / zliSTA prakRtasambaddhA, sAtizayA atyadbhutArthA / yathA 'rAmAbhyudaye' dvitIye'ke sItAM prati sugrIvasya sandezoktiH "bahunAtra kimuktena pAre'pi jaladheH sthitAm / acirAdeva devi tvAmAhariSyati rAghavaH // " atra 'pAre'pi jaladhaH' ityatizayoktirapi sItAM prati tathaiva vRttatvAt kRtasambaddhA / atra cAtizayoktimAtrAccintitAt prayojanAdaparaM tathaiva sItAharaNaM prayojanaM sampannamiti sAmAnyalakSaNam / isa prakAra prathama prakArake patAkAsthAnake tIna udAharaNa granthakArane yahA~ prastuta kie haiN| ina tInoM udAharaNoMmeM nAyakake dvArA pracintita, atyanta Akasmika rUpase iSTa prayojana yA iSTa upAya rUpa iSTa arthakI prApti ho gaI hai| isalie ye tInoM udAharaNa prathama prakArake patAkAsthAnake hue| aba dvitIya prakArake patAkAsthAnakA varNana prArambha karate haiM / dvitIya patAkAsthAnameM sahasA iSTa kI prApti nahIM hotI hai kintu prakRta prakaraNa se sambaddha koI aisI adbhuta bAta kisI pAtrake mukhase nikala jAtI hai jisakA prAgeke kathAbhAgameM adbhuta prabhAva dikhalAI detA hai| isIkA varNana mAge karate haiN| aba dvitIya patAkAsthAna ko kahate haiM [sUtra 30] -[zliSTA] prakRta-sambaddha aura [sAtizayA] adbhutArthaka vacana [dvitIya prakArake patAkAsthAna kahalAte haiN| 'gliSTA' prakRta [prakaraNa] se sambaddha aura 'sAtizayA' arthAt atyanta adbhuta arthavAlI [vAraNIkA Akasmika prayoga dvitIya prakArakA patAkAsthAna kahalAtA hai] / jaise rAmAbhyudayameM dvitIya aGkameM sItAke prati sugrIvako [nimnalikhita] sandezokti [meM pAyA jAtA hai "adhika kyA kahA jAya, samudra ke pAra sthita honepara bhI he devI! rAmacandrajI Apako zIghra hI le praaveNge|" yahA~ 'pAre'pi jaladheH sthitAm' samudra-pAra rahanepara bhI yaha atizayokti ke rUpameM hI kahA gayA] bhI sItAke prati usI prakAra ghaTita honese prakRtase sambaddha hai| aura yahA~ atizayoktimAtrase vicArita prayojanase bhinna usI prakAra [samudrapArase sItAkA grAharaNa rUpa prayojana ho gyaa| yaha [patAkAsthAnakA] sAmAnya lakSaNa bhI isameM samanvita ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra kI ukti bhavabhUtike urattarAmacaritra meM bhI pAI jAtI hai| vasiSTha kA prajAko prasanna rakhanekA sandeza pAkara rAmacandrajI aSTAvakra munise kahate haiM snehaM dayAM ca saukhyaM ca yadi vA jAnakImapi / ArAdhanAya lokasya muJcato nAsti me vyathA // __ arthAt lokake pArAdhana ke lie prajAkI prasannatAke lie mujhe sneha, dayA, saukhya aura yahAM taka ki svayaM jAnakIko bhI chor3a dene meM koI kaSTa nahIM hogaa| yahAM yaha bAta to pati
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________________ 74 ] atha tRtIyamAha nATyadarpaNam [ sUtra 31] dvayarthA ca 1 'vAkU' iti iha, uttaratra ca sambadhyate / dvayarthA zleSAdivazAt prastutopayogyarthAntaro pakSepiNI / yathA [ kA0 31, sU0 31 'prItyutkarSakRto dazAmudayanasyendorivo dIkSate / ' atra hi sandhyAvarNanaprayojanena kAvyaM prayuktaM, sAgarikAM prati udayanAbhivyaktilakSaNaM prayojanAntaraM sampAdayati / tathA ca sAgarikA 'ayaM so rAyA udayaNo, jassa zrahaM tA deNa diraNA / ' iti / [zrayaM sa rAjA udayano yasyAhaM tAtena dattA / iti saMskRtam ] | zayokti rUpameM hI kahI gaI thI kintu usake bAda zIghra ho rAmacandra ne apane sneha, dayA bhaura saukhya ke sAtha jAnakIkA bhI parityAga kara diyA hai / isa dvitIya patAkAsthAnake lakSaraNa meM 'liSTa' padakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai kintu usakA artha kevala 'prakRta se sambaddha' itanA hI hai / yahA~ 'liSTa' pada do arthake vAcaka zabdakA grAhaka nahIM hai / pragale tRtIya patAkAsthAna meM 'zliSTa' zrarthAt dvadyathaMka padake prayoga dvArA cintita artha se bhinna prayojana yA upAya rUpa anya zrarthakI pratIti hotI hai / isa bhedake kAraNa tRtIya patAkAsthAna pahile aura dUsare donoM patAkAsthAnoMse bhinna hai / pahile aura dUsare kisI bhI patAkAsthAna meM 'liSTa' arthAt dvayarthaka padakA prayoga nahIM hotA hai| tRtIya patAkAsthAnakA AdhAra dvagharthaka zabda hI hotA hai| isI kAraNa usako prAge bhinna rUpa meM kahate haiM / aba tIsare patAkAsthAnako kahate haiM [sUtra 31] do zrathavAlI [vAraNIkA prayoga karake cintita arthase anya arthakI pratIti jisameM hotI hai vaha tRtIya patAkA sthAna kahalAtA hai ] / [dvitIya patAkAsthAnake lakSaraNameM kahA. huA] 'vAk' yaha pada yahAM [tRtIya patAkAsthAna ke lakSaNa meM] aura prAge [caturtha patAkAsthAnake lakSaraNa meM] bhI sambaddha hotA hai| 'do bhrayaMvAlI' arthAt zleSAdike kAraNa prastutake upayogI dUsare arthakA bodha karanevAlI vANI jaise [ratnAvalI nATikA prathama zraGkake prAyaH prantameM vaitAlika rAjAkI stuti karate hue kahate haiM ki ] -- "udIyamAna candramAko nayanAnandadAyinI kiraNoMke samAna [rAjA loga udayana rAjAke caraNoMkI ora] dekha rahe haiN|" yahA~ saMdhyA-varNanake prayojanase kAvyakA [lokakA ] prayoga kiyA gayA hai kintu vaha sAgarikA ke prati udayana [rAjA rUpa artha] kI abhivyakti rUpa dUsare prayojanako sampAdita, kara rahA hai| isI lie [ isa ilokako sunane ke bAda] sAgarikA [ kahatI hai ki ] [ acchA ] ye ve rAjA udayana haiM jinheM pitAjIne mujhe [ apane saMkalpa dvArA ] diyA thA / isa zloka meM sandhyAkA varNana prakRta hai / usameM 'udayanasya' yaha pada zliSTa arthAt do prathakA bodhaka hai / sAmAnya rUpase use navodita candramAke lie prayukta kiyA gayA hai kintu usase udayana rAjAkA bhI bodha huA hai / prataH yaha tRtIya patAkAsthAna hai /
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________________ kA0 31, sU0 32 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 75 atha caturthamAha [sUtra 32] aprakaTe zliSTa-spaSTa-pratyabhidhApi ca // 31 // aprakaTe pratyuttarakArakeNAvijJAte'rthe kecidupakSipte sati zliSTamanyAbhiprAyaprayuktamapi prastutasambaddhaM, spaSTa vizeSanizcayakAri, yat pratyabhidhAnaM pratyuttaraM, tadrUpA ca vAgiti / yathA mudrArAkSasecANakya:-api nAma durAtmA rAkSaso gRhya ta ? evamasphuTe'rthe upakSipte[pravizya] siddhArthakaH-ayya ghito| [Arya gRhItaH / iti saMskRtam / ] iti pratyuttaraM prastutArthasambaddhaM vizeSanizcayakAri ca / ata eva punaH-- aba caturtha [patAkAsthAna] ko kahate haiM / [sUtra 32]---aprakaTa [arthAt uttara denevAle vyaktiyoMko bhI ajJAta] arthake upasthita hone para [anya abhiprAyase kahA jAnepara bhI prakRta prakaraNameM] susambaddha tathA [usa prastuta aprakaTa prarthake viSayameM vizeSa rUpase nizcaya karAnevAlA] spaSTa uttara bhI [caturtha prakArakA patAkAsthAna kahalAtA hai / 31 / aprakaTa arthAt pratyuttara denevAleko avidita arthako kisI [vaktAke dvArA] prastuta kie jAnepara zliSTa arthAt anya abhiprAyase kathita honepara bhI prakRta arthase sambaddha aura spaSTa prarthAt [usa prastuta aprakaTa artha ke viSaya meM] vizeSa nizkya karAnevAlA jo uttara usa rUpakI vANI [caturtha prakArakA patAkAsthAna kahalAtI hai / jaise mudrArAkSasameM-- "cANakya--kyA durAtmA rAkSasa pakar3a meM A sakegA ?" isa prakArake aprakaTa [arthAt uttara denevAle siddhArthakako jisa bAtakA jJAna nahIM hai, arthAt siddhArthakane isa bAtako nahIM sunA hai usa prakArake] arthake prastuta honepara [anya kAryavaza cANakyake pAsa prAyA huA] siddhArthaka [praviSTa hokara kahatA hai] prArya [pAkA saMdeza] grahaNa kara liyaa|" siddhArthakake pravezake pahile cAraNakyane svagata rUpameM 'api nAma durAtmA rAkSaso gRhya ta' yaha vAkya kahA thaa| siddhArthakane usa vAkyako nahIM sunA thaa| use isa bAtakA koI jJAna nahIM thaa| kintu cANakya ke isa vAkyake uccAraNa karane ke sAtha hI anya kAryavaza cANakya ke pAsa pAyA humA siddhArthaka praviSTa hokara kahatA hai 'pArya gRhItaH' / taba isa vAkya kA cANakya ke vAkya ke sAtha sambandha bana jAtA hai aura usase cANakyako yaha pratIta hotA hai ki 'Arya durAtmA rAkSasa pakar3a liyA gayA smjho|' isa prakAra siddhArthaka dvArA kahA gayA ] yaha pratyuttara prastuta [ rAkSasa. grahaNa rUpa] prarthase sambaddha AST vizeSa rUpase [rAkSasake pakar3e jAnekA] nizcaya karanevAlA [ho jAtA hai|
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 32, sU0 33 cANakya:- [ saharSamAtmagatam ] hanta gRhIto durAtmA rAkSasaH / iti / idaM pratyuttaraM sandeza - grahaNajJApanaprayojanena prayukta, cANakyasya rAkSasagrahaM nizcAyayati iti sAmAnyalakSaNam / pratyekaM cakArazcaturNAmapi nATakaM prati prAdhAnyakhyApanArtha iti ||31|| atha prakarIlakSaNamAha [ sUtra 33] - prakarI cet kvacidbhAvI cetano'nyaprayojanaH / 'kvacidbhAvI' vRttaikadezavyApI / anyasya ' mukhyanAyakasya [prayojanameva ] prayojanaM yasya / sa cetanaH sahakArI prakarSeNa svArthAnapekSayA karotIti prakarI / zraNAdike i-pratyaye saMjJAzabdatvena strItvam / yathA rAmaprabandheSu jaTAyuH / 'cet' ityanena patAkAvadanavazyambhAvitvamAha / kvacidbhAvitvAt svArthanirapekSatvAcca patAkAto bheda iti / 76] isI lie phira [cANakya, siddhArthaka ke isa kathanako apane vAkya ke sAtha jor3akara aura use rAkSasake pakar3ane meM apanI saphalatAkA nizcayakAraka mAnakara apane manameM prasanna hokara kahatA hai ki - ] "cAraNakya - [ saharSa apane manameM kahatA hai] bar3I prasannatA kI bAta hai ki rAkSasa pakar3a meM A gayA / " [yahA~ siddhArthaka dvArA anya artha meM prayukta vAkya rUpa ] yaha uttara [ cANakyake] saMdezako grahaNa kara leneke sUcita karaneke prayojana se [siddhArthakane] prayukta kiyA thA kintu [ vaha ] cAraNakya ko rAkSasake pakar3e jAnekA nizcaya karAtA hai / isa lie [ usameM 'cintitArtha paraprApti' yaha patAkAsthAnakA] sAmAnyalakSaraNa [samanvita ho jAtA ] hai / [patAkAsthAnake pUrvokta cAroM lakSaNoM meM] pratyeka ke sAtha prayukta cakAra nATaka ke prati cAroMko pradhAnatAko sUcita karanekelie hai // 31 // aba prakarIkA lakSaraNa kahate haiM [ sUtra 32] - yadi [ svArthAnapekSa rUpase kevala ] anya [zrarthAt mukhya nAyaka ] ke prayojana ko siddha karanevAlA cetana [sahAyaka nATaka ke adhika bhAgameM vyApaka na hokara kevala ] kisI eka deza meM honevAlA hI ho to use 'prakarI' kahA jAtA hai. / [kArikAmeM zrAe hue ] 'kvacidbhAvI' [isakA artha] kathAke ekadezameM vyApaka [yaha hai ] / 'anyasya' arthAt mukhya nAyakakA prayojana hI jisa [sahAyakakA] kA prayojana hai vaha ['anyaprayojanaH' huA ] / vaha cetana sahakArI prakarSeNa arthAt svArthako apekSA na karatA huA [niSkAmabhAvase mukhya nAyakake kAryako] karatA hai / isa lie [arthAt prakarSeNa karotIti prakarI isa vyutpatti ke anusAra ] 'prakarI' [ kahalAtA ] hai / pra-upasarga-pUrvaka kR-dhAtuse] zrauNAdika ipratyaya karane para saMjJA zabda honese strItva [sUcaka GIp pratyaya hokara prakarI pada banatA ] hai / jaise rAma - [ caritako lekara likhe gae ] prabandhoMmeM jaTAyu [svArthAnapekSa cetana sahAyaka, vRttake kevala ekadezameM sthita honese 'prakarI' kahA jAtA hai] / 'ceta' isa [pada] se patAkAke samAna [ prakarIkI bhI ] zravazyambhAvitAkA niSedha sUcita hotA hai / [zrarthAt nATakameM patAkA praura 1. anyasya mukhya nAyakasyaivaM prayojanaM yasya /
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________________ kA0 32, sU0 34 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 77 atha bindulakSayati [sUtra 34]--hetozchede'nusandhAnaM bahUnAM bindurAphalAt // 32 // upAyAnuSThAnasyAvazyakartavyAdinA vyavadhAne sati nAyakapratinAyakAmAtyAdInAM yadanusandhAna jJAna masau jJAnavicAraNaphalalAbhopAyatvAd binduH / sarvavyApisvAdvA jale telabinduriva binduH / AphalAditi biijvtsmrtetivRttvyaapktvmaah| kevala bIjaM mukha sandhereva prabhRti nibadhyate, bindustu tadanantaramiti | ___ iha tAvannAyakasahAya-ubhayebhyastridhA phlsiddhiH| tatra sarveSAM svavyApAravicchittAvanusandhAnAtmA bindurnibadhyate / yathA ca nAyakena pratipakSetivRttamanusandhIyate, tathA pratipakSaNApi nAyakasyativRttamanusandhIyate / ata eva bahUnAmityupAttam / prakarI donoMkA caritra aparihArya nahIM hai ] / kevala eka dezameM honeke kAraNa [vacidbhAvitvAt] aura svArthAnapekSa honese [prakarI-nAyakakA] patAkA-nAyakase bheda hai / pAMca upAyoM meM se bIja, patAkA aura prakarI ina tIna upAyoMkA varNana ho gyaa| aba cothe upAya 'bindu' kA barNana prasaGga-prApta hai| upAyoMkA cetana acetana rUpameM jo do prakAra kA vibhAga kiyA gayA thaa| usameM patAkA, prakarI tathA bindu ina tInako cetana sAdhanoM ke vargameM rakhA thaa| unameM se bhI patAkA aura prakarI rUpa do cetana sAdhanoMkA varNana ho cukA aba tIsare cetana sAdhana 'bindu' kA varNana karate haiN| aba bindukA lakSaNa karate haiM--- [sUtra 34] -[anya Avazyaka kAryoMke kAraNa hetu [arthAt upAyAnuSThAna ] kA vismaraNa ho jAnepara bhI phirase smaraNa 'bindu' kahalAtA hai| aura vaha [nAyaka pratinAyaka amAtya prAdi rUpa] bahutoMkA tathA phalaprApti-paryanta [sAre nATakameM vyApta ho sakatA hai / 32 // zrAvazyaka kartavya prAdike dvArA upAyAnuSThAnakA [vyavadhAna] viccheda ho jAnepara nAyaka, pratinAyaka, amAtyAdike dvArA jo usakA punaH smaraNa [rUpa jJAna] vaha jJAna aura vicArake phala-prAptikA upAya honese 'bindu' [kahalAtA hai / athavA [nATakameM] sarvatra vyApaka honese [jalameM telakA bindu jaise sAre jalameM phaila jAtA hai isa prakAra sAre nATakameM vyApaka honese] jalameM taila-binduke samAna 'bindu' [kahalAtA hai| 'grAphalAt' isa [pada se bIjake samAna [bindukI bhI] sAre kathAbhAmameM vyAptiko sUcita kiyA hai| [arthAt bIjake samAna hI bindu bhI sAre nATakameM anta taka vidyamAna rahatA hai| antara] kevala [itanA hai ki bIja mukhasandhike prArambhase hI nibaddha hotA hai aura bindu usake bAda [prArambha hotA hai| kintu donoM nATakameM anta taka vyApaka rahate haiM yaha donoMkI samAnatA hai| yahA~ [nATakameM] nAyaka ke dvArA hone vAlI]2 sahAyaka [ka dvArA tathA3 una donoM se milakara tIna prakArako phalasiddhi hotI hai| [unameM sabako hI apane vyApArakA viccheda ho jAne para punaH smRti ho sakatI hai isalie nAyaka aura unake sahAyaka amAtyAdi] una saba ke hI [sambandhase apane-apane vismRta vyApArako smRti rUpa 'bindu' ko racanA hotI hai| [aura na kevala nAyaka tathA usake sahAyakoMse sambaddha 'bindu' kI hI racanA hotI hai apitu pratinAyakake sambandhase bhii| kyoMki jaise nAyaka, pratinAyakake vRtta [caritra kA anusandhAna
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________________ 7] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 32, sU0 34 nAyaka vinduryathA asmadupajJe 'rAghavAbhyudaye' pazcame'Gke sugrIvacaritazravaNenAtipatite sItApahAraduHkhe sItAM smRtvA rAmaH- kalatramapi rakSitu nijamazaktamAtmAnvayaprasUtamabhivIkSya mAmahadda jAtalajjAjvaraH | prakAzayitumakSamaH kSaNamapi svamAsyaM jane / prayAti caramodadhI 'patitumepa devo raviH // ityanena punaH sItApahAraduHkhamAnusaMhitamiti / [ dhyAna] karatA hai isI prakAra pratinAyaka bhI nAyakake caritrakA dhyAna [anusandhAna] karatA hai [ isalie pratinAyakakI dRSTi bhI bindukA vinyAsa nATaka meM ho sakatA hai ] / isI lie [kArikA meM] 'bahUnAM' isa [pada] kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / 'bindu' kA yaha sAmAnya lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa lakSaNa ke dekhanese pratIta hotA hai| ki nAyaka yA usake sahAyaka amAtyAdi athavA pratinAyaka aura usake sahAyaka zramAtyAdike anya Avazyaka kAryoM meM vyApRta ho jAne se kucha samaya ke lie mukhya bIja rUpa upAyakI vismRti yA viccheda ho jAne ke bAda usakI jo punaH smRti hotI hai usako 'bindu' kahate haiM / isa smRti yA anusandhAnake binA nATakakA kArya Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA hai isalie isakA honA zrAvazyaka hai / eka nATakameM eka hI jagaha nahIM aneka bAra isakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai / upAyoMkA cetana-acetana rUpa jo dvividha vibhAga kiyA gayA thA usameM isa binduko cetana upAyoM meM ginA gayA thA / para yaha bindu svayaM to cetana rUpa nahIM hai / cetanakA vyApAra rUpa hai / parantu usa smaraNa yA anusandhAna rUpa acetana vyApArako cetana rUpa meM mAnakara hI cetana upAyoMke varga meM bindukA antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai| Age binduke udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM / unameM nAyaka bindu [kA udAharaNa] jaise hamAre banAe rAghavAbhyudaya [nATaka] meM paJcama meM sugrIvake caritrake sunanese sItAke apaharaNake duHkhake [ kucha samaya ke lie ] vismRta ho jAnepara [ phira dubArA ] sItAko smaraNa karake rAma [nimna zloka kahate haiM ]"apanI strIkI rakSA karanemeM bhI zrasamartha mujhako apane [sUryavaMza ] vaMzameM utpanna huA dekhakara lajjAse santapta [ sUryadeva ] kSaraNa bharako bhI logoMko apanA mukha dikhalAnemeM akSama ho jAneke kAraNa yaha sUrya deva pazcima sAgara meM DUbane jA rahe haiM / isa [ zloka ] ke dvArA [kucha dera ke lie vismRta hue ] sItApaharaNake duHkhako [rAmacandra ] punaH smaraNa karate haiN| isa prakAra yaha nAyaka ke 'bindu' kA udAharaNa hai| isI prakArakA dUsarA udAharaNa Age 'tApasavatsarAja' caritase dete haiN| usameM nATakake nAyaka vatsarAja udayana mRgayA Adi vyApAroM meM laga jAne se kucha samaya ke lie apanI rAnI vAsavadattAko bhUla jAte haiM / isI bIca meM rAjA ke mRgayA - zivira meM jahA~ ki vAsavadattA ThaharI huI thI Aga laga jAne aura rAnIke usI zivira ke bhItara jala jAnekA samAcAra rAjAko milatA hai / usa samAcArako sunakara rAjA ko punaH vAsavadattAkI smRti ho AtI hai / usI prasaGga meM se tApasavatsarAjacaritakA zloka granthakArane yahA~ uddhRta kiyA hai /
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________________ kA0 32, sU0 34 yathA vA 'tApasavatsarAjacarite' mRgayAdibhiranyaizcAmAtyavyApArairvatsarAjasya vicchinne'pi priyAsamAgamautsukyarupe prayojane, dvitIye'Gke rAjA vAsavadattAM dagdhAmupazrutyAha prathamo viveka: rumaNvan ! muJca mukha, kSudrAgne smuto'pi dhUmakaluSAt kSiprasthiteH sarvato jvAlA tANDavakAriNaH kimaparaM bhIto'smi bhAgyairmama / antarbaddhapadaM na pazyasi sakhe zokAnalaM tena mAm evaM vArayasi priyAnusaraNAt pApaH karomyatra kim / / iti vAsavadattAyAmAgraha vizeSAt tadevAnusaMhitam / evamatrottareSvapyadveSu nAyakasya bindurnibaddho'sti 1 [ 76 evaM sahAya ubhaya-vipakSANAmapi svavyApArAnusandhAnAtmA bindurdraSTavyaH / // 32 // athavA jaise tApasakAsarAjacaritameM mRgayA zrAdi tathA pramAtyoMke [dvArA Ayojita ] anya vyApAroMke kAraNa vatsarAja [ udayana ] ko priyA [ vAsavadattA ] ke samAgamake autsukya rUpa prayojanake vismRta ho jAnepara bhI dvitIya meM rAjA [ vatsarAja udayana zivira meM ] vAsavadattA jala jAne [ ke samAcAra ] ko sunakara kahate haiM "rAjA --- rumaNvan chor3o ! mujhe [mata pakar3o] chor3a do / vaise bhI ghUmate kaluSita, kSaNika sthitivAle aura cAroM ora jvAlAnoMkA tANDava karanevAle isa kSudra agnise maiM apane bhAgyake doSase hI Dara gayA huuN| aura kyA [ kahA jAya ] he mitra ! rumaNvan ] tuma mere hRdayake bhItara bhare hue zokAnalako nahIM dekha pA rahe ho isI lie [agni meM jalakara maraneke dvArA ] priyAkA anusaraNa karane se mujhe roka rahe ho| maiM prabhAgA zrama kyA karU~ / vAsavadattA prati vizeSa prAgraha honese [ usake zragnimeM jalakara mara jAnekA samAcAra sunakara rAjAko] usIkA smaraNa ho zrAyA hai [ jisako ve mRgayA zrAdike prasaGgameM bhUla gaye the ] | isI prakAra [ tApasavatsarAjake] agale zraGkoMse bhI nAyakake 'bindu' [arthAt anya Avazyaka kAryo prasaGgase kucha samaya ke lie vismRta arthako smRti ] kA nibandhana kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ 'tadevAnusaMhitam' meM 'tat' padase 'priyAsamAgamotsukya kA grahaNa karanA cAhie / 'tadeva' meM 'tat' pada napuMsaka -liGga hai isa lie usase na to vAsavadattAkA grahaNa ho sakatA hai aura na prAgrahakA grahaNa ho sakatA hai / isa lie yahA~ vAsavadatta kA smaraNa yA AgrahakA smaraNa nahIM apitu priyA ke samAgamake autsukyakA smaraNa huA hai / isI bhA~ti [nAyaka ] sahAya, athavA [nAyaka zraura sahAya ] donoM aura vipakSa [zrarthAt pratinAyaka aura usake sahAyaka ] kA bhI apane [ vismRta] vyApArakA smaraNa epa 'bindu' samajha lenA caahie| [ zrarthAt unake udAharaNa nATakoMmeMse svayaM DhU~Dha lene cAhie] / Upara 28vIM kArikA meM bIja, patAkA, prakarI, bindu tathA kArya rUpa pA~ca upAya kahe gae the unameM se bindu- paryanta cAra upAyoMkA vizeSa vivecana kramazaH "yahA~ taka kara diyA |
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________________ ] atha kArya vivRNoti 80 dam [ sUtra 35 ] -- sAdhye bIjasahakArI kAryam / pradhAnanAyaka - patAkAnAyaka - prakarInAyakaiH sAdhye pradhAnaphalatvenAbhiprete, bIjasya prArambhAvasthopakSiptasya pradhAnopAyasya, sahakArI sampUrNatAdAyI sainya-koza durgasAmAdyupAyalakSaNo dravya-guNa- kriyAprabhRtiH sarvo'rthaH, cetanaiH kAryate phalamiti kAryam / ayamatropAyAnAM nibandhasaMkSepaH / sahAyAnapekSANAM nAyakAnAM vRtte bIja bindu - kAryANi traya evopAyAH / sahAyApekSANAM tu patAkA prakArIbhyAM anyatarayA vA saha paJca catvAro veti / [ kA0 33, sU0 35 atra antima upAya 'kArya' zeSa raha jAtA hai isakA lakSaNa Adi karate haiM / jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai cetana aura acetana varga meM jo upAyoMkA dvividha vibhAga kiyA gayA hai usameM sabase prathama upAya bIja tathA sabase antima upAya kArya ina do upAyoMko zracetana upAyoMke varga meM rakhA gayA thA / vaise kAryakA jo lakSaNa Age kiyA jA rahA hai usameM bhI kAryako bIja kA sahakArI batalAyA gayA hai / isa lie ina donoMkA paraspara vizeSa sambandha hai / ba kAryakI vyAkhyA karate haiM [ sUtra 35 ] - sAdhya [arthAt pradhAna phalakI siddhi] meM bIjakA sahakArI [ dravya, guraNa zrAdi pracetana sAdhana ] 'kArya' [kahalAtA ] hai / pradhAna nAyaka, patAkA nAyaka yA prakarInAyakoMke dvArA sAdhya arthAt pradhAna phala rUpa se abhipreta [ viSaya ] meM [ bojasya prarthAt ] prArambhAvasthA ke rUpameM zrAropita bIja arthAt pradhAnopAya rUpa bIjakA sahakArI zrarthAt [ usako] pUrNatA taka pahu~cAnevAlA sainya, koza, durga, sAmAdi upAya rUpa dravya, guNa, kriyA zrAdi sArA hI [ zracetana sAdhanabhUta] artha, cetanoM ke dvArA phala [ sAdhyakI siddhimeM vizeSa rUpase pravRtta arthAt upayukta ] karAyA jAtA hai / isa ['cetanaH kAryate phalamiti kAryam' isa vyutpatti ] se 'kArya' [kahalAtA ] hai / yaha pA~coM prakAra ke upAyoMkA saMkSipta rUpameM varNana huaa| ye pA~coM upAya sarvatra aparihArya nahIM haiM / kintu zrAvazyakatA ke anusAra hI unakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| jina nAyakoMko sahAyakoMkI vizeSa prAvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai aura svayaM apane sAmarthya se ho jo sAre kAryako siddha kara lete haiM unake caritrako lekara likhe gaye nATakoM meM patAkA' tathA 'prakarI' kA koI upayoga na hone se unakI racanA nahIM kI jAtI hai / usa dazA meM ina nATakoM meM tIna hI upAyoMkA prayoga hotA hai / sahAyakakI zrAvazyakatA jinako par3atI hai unake caritrameM zrAvazyakatAnusAra kevala patAkA yA kevala prakarI kisI eka kA upayoga honepara cAra, zrIra donoMkA upayoga honepara pAMcoM upAya kAmameM bhAte haiM / isI bAtako graMthakAra agalI paMkti meM kahate haiM sahAyakako apekSA na rakhanevAle nAyakoMke caritra meM hoja. upAya [prayukta] hote haiM / aura sahAyakoM ko apekSA rakhanevAle patAkA tathA prakarI donoMko milAkara pA~ca, athavA una donoMmeMse tInake sAtha ] milAkara cAra [ upAyoMkA prayukta kie jAte ] haiN| du zraura kArya tIna hI ko [ ke caritrameM] meM to kisI [ ekako bIjAdi
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________________ kA0 33, sU0 35 ] prathamo videsaH prathAmISAM mukhyatvavyavasthAyAM hetumAi-- [sUtra 35]-kAryastu mukhyatA / kAryaiH phalaM pratyupakAravizeSaiH ! punarbIjAdinAM mukhyatA bAhulyaM prAdhAnyaM vA nibandhanIyam / tatra bIjabindvostAvanmukhyatvameva, sarvavyApitvAt / patAkA-prakarIkAryANAM tu mukhyaphalaM pratyupayogApekSayA ekasya yontrayANAM vA mukhyatvamanyeSAM cAmukhyatvam / tatra patAkAyA mukhyatvaM yathA zrIzUdraka-viracitAyAM mRcchakaTikAyAM pUrvopakAropagRhItasya bhAryakasya / prakaryA yathA--vIranAganibaddhAryA kundamAlAyAM sautAyAstada patyayozca pAlana-saMyojanAbhyAM svaphalanirapekSasya bAlmIkeH / ubhayoyathA--rAmaprabandheSu sugrIva-vibhISaNa jaTAyu-hanUmadagandAdInAM ca / patAkA-prakoralpatve abhAve vA sarvatra kAryasya mukhyatvam / upAyokI mukhyatA ke niyAyaka hetu-- [pAMcoM upAyoMke lakSaNa prAdi karaneke bAda aba inakI mukhyatA [aura gauNatva] kI vyavasthAmeM hetu batalAte haiM - [sUtra 35]--[phalake prati upakAra vizeSa rUpa kAyoMke anusAra mukhyatA [nirdhArita] hotI hai| kArya prarthAt phaloMke prati upakAra-vizeSake dvArA bIjAdi [upAyoM] kI mukhyatA arthAt bAhulya athavA pradhAnatvakI racanA karanI cAhie / una [pA~coM upAyoM meMse [pracetana upAya bIja tathA [cetana upAya] bindu ina donoMke [nATakameM mAdise anta taka] sarvatra vyApaka honese mukhyatA hI hotI hai| patAkA, prakarI paura kArya [ina tInoM upAyoM kI to mukhya phalake prati upayogitAko dRSTise [kahIM] ekako [kahIM] doko athavA [kahIM] tInoMkI mukhyatA aura zeSakI gauNatA [pramukhyatA hotI hai| unameMse patAkAko mulyatA [kA udAharaNa se bhI zUdraka [kavi viracita mRcchakaTika [nATaka] meM pUrva upakArake kAraNa vazIbhUta prAryaka [nAmaka patAkAnAyaka ko [mulyatA pAI jAtI hai| prakarI [ nAyaka] ko [ mukhyatAkA udAharaNa ] jaise vIranAga viracita 'kundamAlA' [nATaka] meM [rAmadvArA parityaktA gabhiNI] sItA aura usake [kuza lava donoM] putroMkA pAlana tathA [una donoM putroM sahita sItAkA rAmake sAtha] saMyoga karAne [rUpa kArya] ke dvArA apane kisI phalako apekSA na rakhanevAle [ isalie prakarI nAyakake lakSaNase yukta ] bAlmIkikI [mulyatA pAI jAtI hai| [patAkAnAyaka tathA prakarInAyaka] donoMkI [mukhyatAkA udAharaNa] jaise rAma-prabandhoM meM [arthAt rAmake caritrako lekara likhe gae nATakoMmeM] sugrIva, vibhISaNa, jaTAyu, hanumAna praGgadAviko [mukhyatA pAI jAtI hai| patAkA-nAyaka tathA prakarI-nAyakake gauNa honepara [alpatve] prathavA sarvathA na honepara [prabhAve vA] sadA kAryako hI mulyatA rahatI hai|
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________________ 82 ] nATyadarpaNam atha patAkAyAH pradhAnatve samarthite sandhiprasaGga nirasyati- [ sUtra 36 ] - patAkAyAH pradhAnatve'nusandhiH sUcanAdibhiH ||33|| patAkAvRttasya prAdhAnyanibandhe'pi anusandhi-mukhyavRttasandhyanugataH sandhibhavati / gauNaH sandhirityarthaH / yadyapi patAkAyAH pradhAnatve mukhye tivRttavat sandhayaH syustathApi te'nusandhayo mukhyasandhyupayogitvena gauNatvAt / zraparathA patAkA vRtasya prAsaGgikatvaM na syAt / sandhisaMkhyAvRddhizca syAt / zrata eva te sUcanAdibhirbhavanti / AdizabdAt kvacidUhyante, lezato nibadhyante ca / na ca mukhyasandhibhyaH pRthag gaNyante / anusandhiriti ekavacanamavivakSitam / mukhya nirvAhayoravazyambhAvitvAt / tena dviprabhRtayo'nusandhayo bhavanti / yathA 'mayApuSpake' durga bhUmimAtya bhRtya - suhRdo dArAH zarIraM dhanaM, mAno vairivimarda-saukhyamamaraprakhyeNa sakhyonnatiH / yasmAt sarvamidaM priyAvirahiNAstasyAdya zaktA vayaM, na svecchAsulabhaiH patho'pi ghaTane zailAbhakhaNDairapi // [pA~coM sAdhanoMmeMse patAkAnAyakakA bhI prAdhAnya kahIM ho sakatA hai yaha bAta abhI kahI jA cukI haiN| isa prakAra ] patAkAke pradhAnatvakA samarthana karanepara [ usake caritra meM zrAge kahe jAnevAle ] sandhiyoMkI bhI prApti hotI hai, usakA nirAkaraNa karate haiM [ sUtra 36 ] - patAkAkI pradhAnatA honepara [mukhya sandhi nahIM hote haiM kintu ] sUcanA zrAdike dvArA anusaMdhi [gauraga saMdhi] hote haiM / 33 / [ kA0 33, sU0 36 patAkA [tree] ke prAdhAnyakA varNana karanepara bhI [ mukhya saMdhi nahIM hote hai kintu ] 'pranusaMdhi' arthAt mukhya saMdhike anugata saMdhi arthAt gauNa saMdhi hote haiM yaha abhiprAya hai / afrater [nAyaka ] ke pradhAna honepara mukhya [nAyaka] ke caritra ke samAna [ usameM bhI mukhya ] saMdhi hone cAhie phira bhI ve [mukhya saMdhi na hokara ] mukhya saMdhike upayogI [zraGga] honese gaura honeke kAraNa 'anusaMdhi' [kahalAte ] haiM / anyathA [ yadi patAkA nAyakake vRttameM prayukta saMdhiko mukhya saMdhi hI mAnA jAya to] patAkA nAyakake caritrakI gauraNatA [prAsaGgikatva ] nahIM banegI / isalie [ gauraNa saMdhi honeke kAraraNa ] ve [ anusaMdhi ] sUcanA zrAdike dvArA prakAzita hote haiN| Adi zabdase [ yaha bhI sUcita hotA hai ki ] kahIM [unakI] kalpanA kI jAtI hai aura kahIM aMzataH [ anusaMdhike rUpameM ] racanA kI jAtI hai / kintu mukhya saMghiyoM se alaga unakI gaNanA nahIM kI jAtI hai| 'anusaMdhi:' [pada meM prayukta] ekavacana zravivakSita hai| kyoMki [eater nAyakake caritameM bhI] mukha aura nirvaharaNa rUpa do [ anusaMdhiyoM ] kA honA zrAvazyaka hai / isalie [eka saMdhi to hotA hI nahIM hai] dose lekara [ tIna-cAra prAdi] anusaMdhi hote haiN| jaise mAyA- puSpakameM jina [ rAmacandrajI ] kI kRpAse [hamako] durga, bhUmi, zramAtya, mitra, strI, zarIra, dhana, mAna, zatrunAzakA sukha aura deva-kalpa [ rAmacandrajI ] ke sAtha mitratA yaha saba prApta huA hai, Aja hama priyAse virahita unake lie yatheSTa rUpameM prApta honevAle parvata ke samAna bar3e-bar3e zilAkhaNDoM se [samudrake Upara pula banAkara ] mArgakA nirmAraNa karanemeM bhI samartha nahIM ho rahe haiM [ yaha lajjA aura duHkhakI bAta hai ] /
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________________ kA0 33, sU0 36 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 83 Atra mukhAdisandhinibandhanIyaM rAmeNa saha maitryAdikamabhyuhyamupakarupya sugrIvavacanAd rAmazaktisampannAbhyudayaM nirvahaNasyaiva vRttamupanibaddhamiti / yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye mitraM darzanamAtrato'pi gaNitaH kiSkindhamAgatya ca, kSuNNaH kSudramatiH sa sAhasagatirdattA satArA mhii| itthaM tena vitanvatA na vihitaM devena rAmeNa kiM, tat satyaM mama tasya kartumucitaM prANairapi prINanam / / atra 'mitram' ityAdinA mukhaM, 'kiSkindha' ityAdinA pratimukhaM, 'kSueNa:' ityAdinA vimarzaH, 'dattA satArA mahI' iti nirvahaNaM sugrIvavacanAt prakAzitam / uttarArdhena tu mukhya nAyakAnuyAyitvadarzanAdanusandhitvaM khyApitamiti / prakaryAstu prAdhAnye'pi svalpavRttatvAt sandhyanusandhicintaiva nAstIti / / 3 / / yahA~ [arthAt isa udAharaNameM] mukhasaMdhimeM varNanIya rAmacandra ke sAtha maitrI prAvi kalpanIya arthako sugrIvake vacanase kalpanA karake, [arthAt usakA sAkSAt rUpase varNana na karake rAmacandrako zaktise prApta prabhyudarA rUpa nirvaharaNa [saMdhimeM varNana kie jAne yogya] vRttakA hI varNana kiyA hai| ___ isa prakAra isameM mukhasandhi tathA nirvahaNa saMdhike arthakoMkA do anusaMdhiyoMke rUpameM samAveza kiyA gayA hai / isalie yaha do anusaMdhiyoM ke samAvezakA udAharaNa hai| Age cAra anusaMdhiyoMke prayogakA udAharaNa rAghavAbhyudayase dete haiN| athavA jaise 'rAghavAbhyudaya' [nATaka] meM [cAra anusaMdhiyoMkA samAveza nimna zlokameM patAkA-nAyaka sugrIvake vRttAMtameM pAyA jAtA hai] [jina rAmacandrajIne mujhako dekhate hI apanA mitra mAna liyA, [1 mukhasaMdhi], usake bAda kiSkindhAmeM prAkara [2 pratimukha saMghi], kSudramati aura sAhasagati [arthAt sRSTatApUrvaka paradArApaharaNa Adi kArya karanevAle] usa duSTa [bAli] kA nAza kiyA [3 vimarza saMSi], aura [merI patnI] tArAke sahita pRthivI [arthAt merA rAjya mujhako] pradAna kI [4 nirvaharaNa saMghi] / isa prakAra [mere hitake samasta kArya] karate hue bhagavAn rAmacandrajIne [mere lie kyA nahIM kiyA [arthAt saba kucha kiyA, mere sAre manoratha pUrNa kara die / isalie yaha bilkula satya hai ki mujhe apane prANoM [ke mUlya] se bhI [arthAt prANoMko dekara bhI] unakI prasannatAkA sampAdana karanA caahie| yahAM [arthAt isa udAharaNameM] "mitram' ityAdise mukha [saMdhi], kiSkindhAmeM prAkara ityAdise pratimukha [saMghi], 'kSuNNaH' [bAliko mArA] ityAdise vimarza [saMdhi], tathA 'dattA satArA mahI' tArAke sAtha merA rAjya mujhako pradAna kiyA isase nirvahaNa [saMghi] [ina cAra anusaMdhiyoM ko sugrIvake vacanase prakAzita kiyA hai| [zlokake] uttarArddhase [apanA] mukhya nAyakakA anuyAyitva dikhalAkara [una mukhAdi saMghiyoMkA] anusaMdhitva [gauNa saMSitva bhI] sUcita kiyA hai| . prakarI [ nAyaka ] kA to prAdhAnya honepara bhI [usakA] thor3AsA hI vRtta honeke kAraNa [usameM] saMdhi yA anusaMSi prAviko cintA hI nahIM hotI hai // 33 //
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________________ nA 84 ] nATyadarpaNam . [ kA0 34, sU0 37 (3) atha upAyAnantaramuddiSTAM dazAM lakSayitu tadAnuddizati[sUtra 37] -praarmbh-ytn-praaptyaashaa-niytaapti-phlaagmaaH| netuvRtte pradhAne syuH pazcAvasthA dhruvaM kramAt // 34 // 'netuH', mukhyaM phalaM prati bIjAdyupAyAna prayoktuH / 'avasthAH' pradhAnavRttaviSaye kAya-vAG-manasA vyApArAH / 'dhruvam' iti pradhAne vRtte paJcAnAmavazyambhAvamAha / tena prAsaGgike dvayAdayo anusandhivad gauNAzca bhavanti / nATakalakSaNaprastAvAnnATake, nATa kalakSaNAnusAriSu prakaraNa-nATikA-prakaraNISu cAyaM niyamaH / tena vyAyogAdI yathAlakSaNaM nyUnAvasthatvamapi na doSAya / 'kamAt' iti uddezoktakrameNaiva nibadhyante, nApAyavat kramAkramAbhyAm / prekSApUrvakAriNAM hi prathamamArambhaH, tataH prayatnaH, tataH sambhAvanA, tato nizcayaH, tataH phala prAptirityayameva krama iti ||4|| (3) pAMca dazAoM kA nirUpaNa - pAMcavIM kArikAmeM nATakakA lakSaNa karate samaya 1 aGka aura 2 upAyake anantara tIsare 'dazA' zabdakA prayoga kiyA gayA thaa| 'dazA' bhI nATakakA eka mukhya bhAga hai| isalie upAyoMkA nirUpaNa kara cukaneke bAda 'dazA' kA nirUpaNa prArambha karate haiM / viSkambhaka Adi pA~ca arthopakSepakoMkA varNana karane ke bAda bIja Adi pA~ca upAyoMkA varNana kiyA gayA thaa| usI prakAra avasthAoM aura pAge kahI jAne vAlI sandhiyoMkI bhI saMkhyA pAMca-pAMca hai / isa samaya pahale pA~ca avasthAnoMkA varNana karate haiN| aba upAyoMke bAda uddiSTa 'dazA' kA lakSaNa karanekelie usake bhedoMko ginAte haiM ['uddizati' nAmamAtreNa kathayati] sUtra 37]-nAyakake mulya caritra [vRtta] meM 1 prArambha, 2 yatna, 3 prAptyAzA, 4 niyatApti aura 5 phalAgama ye pAMca avasthAe~ [isI] kramase mora avazya hotI haiM [isameM pAMca avasthAnoMkA uddezamAtra kiyA gayA hai| unake lakSaNa mAge kareMge // 34 // 'netA' arthAt mukhya phala [ko prApti ke prati bojAdi upAyoMkA prayoga karane vAloMke, [caritrameM pA~ca avasthAe~ avazya hotI haiM] / 'avasthA' arthAt pradhAna caritrake viSayameM zarIra, vAraNI tathA manake vyApAra / 'dhruvam' isa [pada] se pradhAna [nAyaka ke caritrameM [vRtte pAMcoM [avasthAmoM kI aparihAryatA sUcita kI hai| isalie prAsaGgika [arthAt patAkA prakarI prAdike caritrameM] anusandhiyoMke samAna do prAdi [avasthAe~] bhI ho sakatI haiM aura ve gaurava haiN| nATakake lakSaraNakA prakaraNa honese nATakameM tathA nATakake lakSaNakA anusaraNa karane vAle prakaraNa nATikA tathA prakaraNI meM bhI yahI niyama hai [arthAt pA~coM pravasthAnoMkA honA anivArya hai / isalie vyAyoga AdimeM unake lakSaNoMke anusAra [pA~coM pravasthAnoMkA prayoga na karake] nyUnatva [arthAt do-tIna-cAra avasthAnoMkA prayoga] bhI doSAdhAyaka nahIM hotA hai| 'kamAt' isa [pada] se [yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki pA~coM avasthAe~] isI kramase nibaddha karanI cAhie upAyoMke samAna kama yA vyatikramase nahIM / buddhimAn puruSoMke kAryameM pahale prArambha, phira usake bAda prayatna, usake bAda sambhAvanA, usake bAda nizcaya aura antameM phalaprApti yahI krama rahatA hai| [isalie nATaka meM bhI isI kramase avasthAoMkA samAveza karanA cAhie] // 3 //
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________________ kA0 35, sU0 38 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 85 (1) athArambhaM vyutpAdayati sUtra 38]-phalAyautsukyamArambhaH phalaM mukhyaM sAdhyam / tadarthamautsukyaM upAyaviSayaM, anenopAyena etata sidhyatIti / smaraNotkaNThAdi karma, tadanuguNo vyaapaarshcobhymaarmbhH| upAviSayamotsukyaM, autsukyAnuguNo vyApArazcArambhAvasthetyarthaH / yathA veNIsaMhAre prathame'ke sahadevaM prati"bhImaH-atha bhagavAna kRSNaH kena paNena suyodhanaM prati mandhiM katu prahitaH / sahadevaH-Arya nanu pnycbhirmaamaiH|" ityaadi| yathA vA nalavilAse prathame'ke--"nepathye tUryadhvaniH / . kalahaMsaH--deva yugAdideva-devAtAyatana-sandhyAvalipaTahadhvanigyam // rAjA- [svagatam ] aho paramaM zakunam / [punarvimRzya preSayAmyetaM kalahaMsaM damayantyAH pArve / eSA ca makarikA vidarbhabhASA-veSAcArakuzalA sahaiva yaatu|" ityaadiiti| pichalI kArikAmeM pAMcoM pravasthAnoMkA 'uddeza' arthAt nAmamAtrase kathana kiyA gayA thA / aba unameMse eka-eka avasthAkA kramase lakSaNa mAdi karate haiN| unameM saba pahale prArambha avasthAkA lakSaNa dete haiN| (1) bhArambhAvasthA aba prArambha [avasthA] kA vivecana karate haiM[sUtra 38] --phala [kI prApti kelie protsukya 'prArambha' [avasthA kahalAtI hai| phala [kA parya] mukhya sAdhya [hai| usake lie upAya-viSayaka autsukya arthAt isa upAya [ke karane se yaha [phala] siddha hogA isa prakArakA smaraNa tathA utkaNThAdi karma, aura usake anukUla vyApAra donoM prArambha [avasthA hote haiN| prarthAt upAya-viSayaka autsukya, aura prautsukyake anurUpa vyApAra [donoM prArambhAvasthA hai yaha abhiprAya hai| jaise veNIsaMhArake prathama pra sahadevake prati [bhIma kahate haiM ki]-- "bhIma-acchA bhagavAn kRSNako kina zartopara duryodhanake pAsa sandhi karaneke lie bhejA hai ? sahadeva-prAyaM pAMca gAMvoMke dvaaraa|" ityAdi / athavA jaise nalavilAsake prathama aGka meM"nepathya meM vAdyadhvani [sunAI detA hai / kalahaMsa --deva, yugAdidevake mandira [devatAyatana] ke saMdhyAkAlIna pUjanake samayake vAdyoMkA yaha dhvani hai| rAjA---[svagata] aho yaha bar3A acchA zakuna hai| [phira vicAra kara] taba isa kalahaMsako damayantIke pAsa bheja duuN| aura vidarbha dezakI bhASA veSa tathA prAcAra prAdiko jAnane vAlI yaha makarikA [dAsI] bhI usake sAtha hI bheja dI jAya / " ityAdi / ___ yaha saba mukhya phalakI prAptike lie upAya viSayaka protsukya tathA tadanurUpa vyApArake sUcaka haiM / ataH ye prArambhAvasthAkA pradarzana karate haiN|
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________________ 86 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 35, sU0 38 etAsu cAvasthAsu nAyaka-sahAya pratipakSa daivavyApArANAM zranyatamasya, dvayotrayANAM caturNAM ca ekasyAM dvayostisRSu catasRSu pazvasvapi ca yathAyathamunmIlane vRttiH / phala yogastu mukhya nAyakasyaiva / na ca daivAt karmaNaH prArambhAnunmIlane mAnuSakarmAbhAvAnnATakasyAvyutpattihetutvam / daiva mAnuSavyApArayoH parasparApekSayaiva zubhAzubhaphalasAdhakatvAt / daivAdapyarthaM pazyantaH puNyamupacetu mAnuSe karmaNa pravarterana / upabhogAcca kSIyamANamananukUlaM daivaM prati vihitaprANAtyayAH pratIkSeranniti sarvatra daivasya mAnuSavyApArApekSitvAt devAyattaphalAnyapi rUpakAriNa sAmAjikAnAM buddhisaMskArAya nibandhanIyAni / yathA puSpadUtikaM mRcchakaTikA ceti / ye prArambhAvasthA ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa Upara ke anucchedoMmeM dikhalAe haiM / aba agale anuccheda meM granthakAra yaha dikhalAnA cAhate haiM ki ina avasthAoM kA pradarzana nAyakake vyApAra dvArA bhI ho sakatA hai aura kahIM pratinAyaka, sahAyaka tathA deva-vyApArake dvArA bhI sakatA hai / aura vaha kevala zrArambhAvasthA meM hI nahIM apitu sabhI zravasthAnoM meM ho sakatA hai / kabhI-kabhI nAyaka, sahAyaka, pratipakSa mora deva byApAroM meM se do, tIna yA cAroM milakara kisI avasthA vizeSakA unmIlana karAte haiM / kabhI ye cAroM yA inameM se eka, do, yA tIna kisI eka avasthAkA athavA ekase adhika do, tIna, cAra yA pAMcoM avasthAoM kA unmIlana karAte haiM / isI bAta ko agale anuccheda meM isa prakAra diyA hai ina [pA~coM] pravasthAnoMmeM 1 nAyaka, 2 sahAyaka [ patAkA prakarI], 3 pratinAyaka aura 4 deva [ina cAroM vyApAroMke] meMse kisI eka yA do yA tIna athavA cAroMkA, kisI eka [avasthAke unmIlana] meM, athavA do yA tIna prathavA cAra yA pA~coM [pravasthAnoM] ke unmIlana meM zrAvazyakatAnusAra vyApAra hotA hai / [zravasthAoM kA prakAzana yA unmIlana cAhe kisIke bhI vyApAra se ho kintu ] phalako prApti [ sarvava] mukhya nAyakako hI hotI hai / ina avasthAoM ke prakAzana meM deva vyApAra bhI kAraNa ho sakatA hai yaha bAta abhI isa anuccheda meM kahI hai / deva vyApAra ko paMcavidha avasthAoM ke prakAzana meM kAraNa mAnane para yaha prazna uTha sakatA hai ki nATakakA uddeza manoraJjanake sAtha kartavyA kartavyakI zikSA denA hI hai / jaba devako kAraNa mAneMge to usapara manuSyakA niyaMtraNa na hone ke kAraNa devAzrita kAryoMse koI zikSA nahIM milegI / yaha zaGkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna agale anuccheda meM karate haiMdevake vyApArase prArambha zrAdi [ avasthAoM ] ke unmIlana honepara usameM mAnuSa vyApArakA prabhAva honese nATakako zikSA pradAnakA hetu nahIM kahA jA skegaa| yaha bAta nahIM erent cAhie / [ kyoMki ] deva tathA mAnuSa-vyApAra donoM eka-dUsarekI sahAyatAse ho zubha aura azubha phalake sAdhaka hote haiN| [dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki] bhAgyase bhI prarthakI prAti dekhakara [dekhane vAle ] puNyakA sazcaya karaneke lie manuSya sAdhya kArya meM pravRtta ho sakate haiM / aura jIvana saMkaTameM par3a jAnepara bhI [vihitaprANAtyayAH] pratikUla daivake upabhoga dvArA naSTa honekI pratIkSA kara sakate haiM isalie vaivake sarvatra mAnuSa-vyApArako apekSA rakhanese devake adhIna hI jinakA phala hai isa prakArake rUpaka bhI sAmAjikoMke buddhiko zuddhikelie banAne hI caahie| jaise 'puSpadvatika' tathA 'mRcchakaTika' Adi [devAyatta phala vAle rUpaka haiM ] /
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________________ kA0 35, sU0 36 ] prathamo vivekaH (2) atha prayatnamAha [mUtra 36] -prayatno vyApRtau tvarA / mukhyaphalopAyavyApAraNe tvarA, anenopAyena vinA phalaM na bhavatIti nizcayena paramotsukya, prakarSeNa yatnaH prayatnaH / autsukyamAtramArambhaH, paramotsukyaM tu prayatna ityrthH| yathA ratnAvalyAm-- "tahA vi nasthi anno dasaNovAu tti jahA tahA Alihiya jadhAsamIhidaM krissN| [tathApi nAstyanyo darzanopAya iti yathA-tathA Alikhya yathAsamIhitaM krissye|" iti saMskRtam ] / ityaadi| yathA vA nalavilAse tRtIye'Gke-- "rAjA-[ satvaram ] makarike prabhavasi rAjaputrImiha samAnetuma ? makarikA-ahaM dAva paryAtassaM / AgamaNaM uNa divvassa bAyattaM / [ahaM tAvat prayatiSye, AgamanaM punardevasyAyattam / iti saMskRtam] | rAjA-tahi yatasva / " ityaadi| unase bhI sAmAjikoMko zikSA milatI hI hai / (2) prayatnAvasthA aba prayatna [ke lakSaNa prAdi] ko kahate haiM[sUtra 36]- [phalake upAyoMke vyApArameM zIghratA [karanA] prayatna kahalAtA hai| mukhya phala kI prApti ke upAyoMko lAgU karanemeM zIghratA arthAt isa upAyake binA yaha phala siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa prakArake nizcayake kAraNa [upAyako prayukta karaneke lie] atyanta utsukatA, prakarSeNa yatna [prayatna isa vyutpattike anusAra] 'prayatna [kahalAtA hai| [isakA abhiprAya yaha huA ki kevala protsukya prArambha [avasthAmeM], praura parama protsukya prayatna [avasthAmeM parigaNita] hotA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM "phira bhI darzanakA anya koI upAya nahIM hai isalie jaise-taise citra banAkara hI apanI icchAko pUrti karatA huuN|" ityaadi| athavA jaise nalavilAsake tRtIya prameM"rAjA-[zIghratAse] makarike ! kyA tuma rAjaputrIko yahAM lA sakatI ho ? makarikA-maiM [apanI prorase pUrA] prayatna kruuNgii| kintu mAnA bhagavAnake adhIna hai| rAjA--to [zIghra hI] yatna kro|" ityaadi| ye donoM udAharaNa mukhya phalakI prAptike prati upAyoMkA upayoga karane ke viSaya meM
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________________ 88 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 35, sU040 (3) aba mAsyAzA vipatrAyati[sUtra 40]-phalasambhAvanA kiJcit prAptyAzA hetumAtrataH // 3 // mAtrazabdena phalAntarayogaH pratibandhanizcayazca vyavahadyate / palAntarAsambandhAt anizcitabAdhakAbhAvAccopAyAdISat pradhAnaphalasya yA sambhAvana!, na tu nizcayaH, sA prApteH pradhAnaphalalAbhasya AzA prAptyAzA / yathA veNIsaMhAre tRtiiye'the| . "bhImA-kRSTA yena ziroruheSu pazunA pAzcAlarAjAtmajA, yenAsyAH paridhAnamapyapahRtaM rAjJAM gurUNAM puraH / yasyoraH sthalazoNitAsavamahaM pAtu pratijJAtavAna, so'yaM mabhujapaJjarAntargataH saMrakSyatAM kauravA // " ityatra duHzAsanavadhAdazeSakauravabadhasambhAvanena yudhiSThirasya raajypraaptismbhvH| yathA vA nalavilAse caturthe svayambarAGka"nalaH-kalahaMsa ! makarike ! phalitaH sa eSa vAM prayAsa: / kalahaMsaH-deva nAvayoH prayAsaH kintu devasya mvapnaH / / * tvarA yA parama prautsukyako pradarzita kara rahe haiN| isalie ye prayatnAvasthA ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM yahA~ prastuta kie gae haiN| (3) prAptyAzAvasthA-- aba prAptyAzA [rUpa tRtIyAvasthA] ko vivecana karate haiM [sUtra 40] -hetumAtrase phalako [prAtiko] kucha sambhAvanA [ho jAnA] 'prAptyAzA' [kahalAtI hai / 35 / mAtra zabdase [mukhya phalake atirikta yA mukhya phalase bhinna] anya phalakA sambandha tathA pratibandhake nizcayakA nivAraNa kiyA hai| [usa hetuke sAtha] anya phalakA sambandha na honese aura kisI anizcima bAdhakake abhAvarUpa upAyase pradhAna phalako [prAptiko] thor3I-sI sambhAvanA, na ki nizcaya honA, prAptikI arthAt pradhAna phalakI prAptiko prAzA honese 'prAptyAzA' [kahalAtI hai| jaise veNIsaMhArake tIsare angkmeN| "bhIma---jisa duSTa pazunA] ne pAJcAlarAjakI putrIke kezoMko khIMcA thA aura jisane rAjAmoM tathA guruyoMke sAmane usake vastroMkA bhI apaharaNa [karanekA yatna kiyaa| jisakI chAtIkA rakta pInekI maiMne pratijJA kI thI vaha [duSTa duHzAsana isa samaya merI bhujAoMke zikaMjemeM prA gayA hai / he kauravo ! [tumhArI sAmarthya ho to prAkara aba] isakI rakSA kara lo|" isameM duHzAsanake vadhase samasta kauravoMke vadhako sambhAvanA ho jAnese yudhiSThirako rAjyaprAptiko sambhAvanA [prAptyAzA] ho gaI hai| athavA jaise nalavilAsake svayambarADU nAmaka caturtha aGkameM-- "nala-he kalahaMsa ! he makarike ! tuma donoMkA yaha prayAsa saphala ho gyaa| kalahaMsa-deva ! hama donoMkA prayAsa nahIM kintu pApakA svapna [saphala humA /
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________________ [ 8 kA0 36, sU041 ] prathamo vivekaH nalaH-samabhUdidAnI svpnaarthpraapyaashaa|" iti // 35 // (4) atha niyatAptiM spaSTayati [satra 41]-niyatAptirupAyAnAM sAmanyAt kArya nirnnyH| pradhAnaphalahetUnAM pratibandhakAbhAvena sakalasahakArisampatyA kAryasya pradhAnaphalasya nirNayo bhaviSyatyeveti nizcayo,niyatA phalAvyabhicAriNI prApniniyatAptiH / yathA veNIsaMhAre "kartA dyUtacchalAnAM jatumayazaraNoddIpanaH so'bhimAnI, rAjA duHzAsAnAde-gururanujazatasyAgarAjasya mitrama / kRSNAkezottarIyavyapanayanapaTuH pANDavA yamya dAsAH, kvAste duryodhano'sau kathayata na ruSA draSTumabhyAgatau svH||" ityAdinA bhiimaarjunaabhyaamekshessduryodhnaanvessnnaaniytaaptidshitaa| nala-aba svapnake arthako prAptiko prAzA ho gaI hai|" ityAdi // 35 // 4 niyatApti avasthA prArambha, yatna, aura prAptyAzA rUpa tIna avasthAmoMkA varNana kara cukaneke bAda aba . 'niyatApti' rUpa caturtha avasthAke lakSaNAdikA avasara prApta hotA hai| ataH prAge usakA varNana prArambha karate hai| aba niyatApti ke lakSaNa Adi] ko spaSTa karate hai [sUtra 41]-upAyoMke saphala hojAnese kArya [kI prApti kA nirNaya 'niyatApti' kahalAtI hai| pradhAna phalake hetuoMke, pratibandhaka [kAraNoM kA nAza [prabhAva ho jAnese aura [usakI utpattike] samasta sahakAriyoMke prApta ho jAneke kAraNa kArya arthAt pradhAna phalakA nirNaya arthAt avazya hogA ho isa prakArakA nizcaya, niyatA arthAt phalako avyabhicAriNI nizcita prApti honese [isa vyutpatti ke anusAra] .niyatAti [kahalAtI hai| . jaise veNIsaMhArameM-- "[hama pANDavoMke sAtha] dyUtakA chala [karake hamArA rAjya apaharaNa karane vAlA, lAkhake ghara meM banda karake hama saba] ko jalAne vAlA, duHzAsana prAdikA vaha abhimAnI rAjA, sau bhAiyoMkA guru [jyeSTha bhAI], aGgarAja [karaNaM] kA mitra, draupadIke keza aura vamoM kA apaharaNa karAne meM paTu aura [adhika kyA kaheM] pANDava jisake 'dAsa' haiM vaha duryodhana aba kahA~ hai, batalAno, hama donoM [arthAt arjuna aura bhIma] krodhame. [use mAraneke lie] nahIM kevala milaneke lie pAe haiN|" ityAdi [vacana] se bhIma tathA arjunake dvArA prakale bace hue duryodhanakA anveSaNa kie jAneke kAraNa [pANDavoMko rAjyako prAptikA nizcaya ho jAne se / yaha niyatApti hai| veNIsaMhArake paJcama aGkameM karNa grAdi taka saba senApatiyoM kA baMdha ho jAnepara aura duryodhanakA jIvana bhI saGkaTameM par3a jAnepara mUchita duryodhanako rathameM lekara sArathi usake ratha ko bhagA lAtA hai| aisI dazAmeM dhRtarASTra tathA gAndhArI duryodhanako samajhA rahe haiN| usI samaya duryodhanako khojate hue bhIma aura arjuna udhara pA nikalate haiN| usI prasaGgameM yaha
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________________ 10 ] nATyadarpaNam. [ kA0 36, sU0 41 yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye SaSThe'Gka --- "sugrIvaH- [jAmbavantaM prati] bhavatu yAhazastAdRzo vA sa pAradAriko rAkSasastathApi devapAdAnAM vdhyH| rAmaH-[ sItApahAra smRtvA sagarvavizAdam ] kapirAja ! pratirAjavikramayAminItapanodaye bhavati sahAye sati-- nihatya dazakandharaM saha vipakSarakSaHkathA-- prathAbhiradhisaGgaraM janakajA grahISye dhruvam / zazAka nasa rakSitu raghupatiH parebhya; priyA-- mayaM tadapi sambhavI ciramakItikolAhalaH // " - iti| bhImakI ukti hai| isako sunakara kauravapakSake mukhya senAnAyakoMke mAre jAne aura duryodhanake akele hI zeSa raha jAnese aba pANDavoMkI rAjya-prApti prAya: nizcita ho jAtI hai / isalie granthakArane ise kAryakI 'niyatApti' rUpa caturthI avasthA ke udAharaNa ke rUpameM yahA~ prastuta kiyA hai| isI prakArakA niyatAptikA dUsarA udAharaNa mAge apane banAe rAghavAbhyudaya nATaka meMse prastuta karate haiN| athavA jaise rAghavAmyudayake SaSThADUmeM___ suprIva-[jAmbavantake prati kahate haiM ki] he amAtya ! vaha dUsareko kA apaharaNa karane vAlA rAkSasa [rAvaNa] cAhe kaisA bhI [balavAna aura vidvAn ho kintu [dUsarekI zrI kA apaharaNa karane vAlA honeke kAraNa vaha pApI hai prata eva] deva pAda [zrI rAmacandrajI] ke lie badhya hI hai| rAma-sItAke apaharaNake duHkhako smaraNa karake garva tathA viSAdake sahita kahate haiM ki he kapirAja ! zatruno [pratirAja] ke vikrama rUpa yAminI [rAtri ke lie sUryake .. samAna arthAt zatruoMke parAkramako naSTa karane vAle prApake sahAyaka honepara zatru rAkSasoMkI kathAnoMkI paramparAoMke sAtha rAvaNako yuddhabhUmimeM mAra kara nizcaya ho maiM [janakajA] sItAko prAta kara luuNgaa| phira bhI vaha raghupati dUsaroMse apanI priyAko rakSA karane meM bhI samartha nahIM huzrI isa prakArakA apakItikA kolAhala sadAke lie ho ho jaaygaa| yh| ___ yahAM bhI phalasiddhike bAdhakoMkA nirAkaraNa aura phala-prApti arthAt sItAke uddhArake abhISTa sAdhanoMke upasthita ho jAnese rAmacandrako sItAke uddhAra rUpa phalako prAptikA nizcaya ho hI gayA hai| isalie yaha bhI 'niyatApti' rUpa caturthI avasthAkAke udAharaNa rUpameM prastuta kyiA gayA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ taka kAryakI prArambha Adi pAMca avasthAnoM meM se cAra avasthAmoMkA lakSaNa tathA udAharaNa prAdi sahita vistAra-pUrvaka vivecana ho gayA / aba eka 'phalAgabha' rUpa antima avasthA zeSa raha jAtI hai| usakA nirUpaNa agale zlokArdha dvArA prastuta karate haiM /
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________________ kA0 36, sU0 42 ] prathamo vivekaH (5) atha phalAgamaM nirUpayati-- [sUtra 42] -sAkSAdiSTArthasambhUti- yakasya phalAgamaH // 36 // sAkSAt samanantaraM, na tu dAnAdibhyaH svargAdiphamiva jnmaantrbhaavinii| iSTasyAbhipretasya, arthasya prayojanasya, samyak pUrNatvena, bhUtirutpattiH, phalasyAgamaH bhAgamArambho na punarAgatatvam / iha phalasyotpattyAvezaH pazcamyavasthA / utpannasya tu nAyakena yaH sambhogastat prabandhasya mukhyaM sAdhyam / ata eva phale sAdhye nAyakasya pazvAvasthAH saGgacchante / 'nAyakasya' ityanena cAvasthAntarANi saciva-nAyikA-vipakSa-devAdivyApArarapi nibandhyate ityukta bhavati / tAni tu tathA nibaddhAnyApa phala to nAyaka eva paryavasyanti / ata eva ratnAvalyAM--prArambhe'smin svAmino vRddhihetau' ityAdi svAmigatvenaiva yaugandharAyaNenoktam / phalAgamaH puna yakasyaiva nibadhyate / (5) phalAgama avasthA--- aba phalAgama [rUpa paJcamI avasthA kA nirUpaNa karate haiM [sUtra 42]---nAyakako sAkSAt [janmAntarabhAvI phalake rUpameM nahIM prapitu isI janma meM kAryake bAda iSTa arthako prApti 'phalAgama [rUpa paJcamI avasthA kahalAtI hai // 36 // [ kArikAmeM pAyA huyA ] sAkSAt' pada samantara] turanta bAdameM [ honevAlI iArtha prAlikA sUcaka hai], na ki dAnAdile prApta honevAle svargAdi phalake samAna dUsare janmameM prApta honevAlI [iSTArtha prAptikA grahaNa usase hotA hai] / 'iSTa' arthAt abhipreta [cAhe hue] 'artha' arthAt prayojanakA [sambhUti arthAtu] samyak pUrNa rUpase [bhalI prakAra bhUti arthAt utpatti / 'phalAgama' kahalAtI hai / phalAgana isa padameM] 'mAgama' arthAt prArambha [kA grahaNa karanA cAhie, na ki [prAgatatva arthAt phalakI siddhi / arthAt phalako utpattikA prArambha pazcamI [phalAgama rUpa] avasthA |se abhipreta hai| aura [pUrNa rUpase utpanna [phala) kA jo nAyakadvArA upayoga hai vaha prabandhakA mukhya sAdhya hai / [avasthA rUpa nhiiN| isalie phalakI 'siddhi meM nAyakakI pA~ca avasthAe~ mAnanA yuktisaGgata hai| _ 'nAyakasya' isa pada se yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki phatAgama rUpa antima avasthAko chor3akara anya [cAroM avasthAe~ saciva, nAyikA, pratinAyaka yA deva prAdike vyApAroMke dvArA bhI prAyojita ho sakatI haiM [kintu phalAgama rUpa antima avasthA kevala nAyakako hI prApta hotI hai| yaha abhiprAya hai| ve [prArambha Adi rUpa cAra avasthAe~] usa prakArase [arthAt nAyakase bhinna saciva, nAyikA, pratinAyaka tathA devAdi dvArA nibaddha honepara bhI phala rUpameM [antako] nAyakameM hI paryavasita hotI hai [arthAt zeSa cAroM avasthAoMko prAyojanA cAhe kisIke bhI prayatnase ho kintu antameM usakA phala nAyakako hI prApta honA hai|| isIlie ratnAvalI meM--- 'svAmiko vRddhike hetubhUta isa kArya meM' ityAdi svAmigata rUpase hI [phalakA nirdeza karate hue] yaugandharAyaNane kahA hai| [arthAt ratnAvalIke prArambhameM prArambhAvasthAkA prAyojana yadyapi amAtya yaugaMdharAyaNane kiyA hai kiMtu usakA phala svAmigata hI nirdiSTa kiyA hai] / phalAgama [paJcamI avasthA kevala] nAyakako ho variNata kI jAtI hai /
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________________ 12] yathA veNIsaMhAre SaSThe'Gke "bhUmau kSiptvA zarIraM nihitamidamasRk candanAbhaM mayAGga, lakSmIrAyeM niSaNNA caturudadhipayaHsImayA sArdhamurvyA / bhRtyA mitrANi yodhAH kurubala manujAM dagdhametad raNAgnau, nAmaikaM yad bravISi kSitipa ! tadadhunA dhArtarASTrasya zeSam // " ityanena duryodhanaM itvA bhImasenena yudhiSThira rAjyasamarpaNaphalayogo darzitaH / yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 36, sU0 42 "vaidehIM hRtavAMstadeSa mahataH saMkhye viSahya klamAn, cakreotpATitakandharo dazamukhaH kInAzadAsIkRtaH / phalAgama rUpa paJcamI avasthA ke lakSaNakI vyAkhyA meM 'sAkSAt ' tathA 'phalAgama' ina do zabdoMkI vyAkhyApara granthakArane vizeSa bala diyA hai / 'sAkSAt padase unhoMne yaha artha liyA hai ki iSTa arthakI prApti dAnAdi karmose prApta honevAle svargAdi rUpa phalake samAna janmAntarabhAvinI na hokara 'sAkSAt' isI janma meM aura kamoM ke anantara hI honI cAhie / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yadi nATakameM bhI janmAntarabhAvinI phalaprAptikA varNana kiyA jAya to phira prekSakako karma aura usake phalakA sambandha pratyakSa rUpase gRhIta na ho sakanese use nATaka se kartavyAkartavyakI zikSA prApta nahIM ho skegii| isalie phalaprApti sAkSAt rUpameM hI prati honI cAhie / dUsarA bala unhoMne 'phalAgama' padakI vyAkhyApara diyA hai / phalAgama zabdase unhoMne phalakI pUrNa rUpa se prApti nahIM apitu kevala phalaprAptikA Arambha yaha artha liyA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki phalakI pUrNa rUpase prApti to avasthAke bhItara nahIM prAtI hai / vaha to antima sAdhya hai / yahA~ antima sAdhyakA nahIM apitu kevala avasthAoM kA varNana cala rahA hai / isalie phalAgama zabda se phalaprAptikA prArambha yaha artha granthakArane liyA hai / jo sarvathA ucita hai / Age phalAgama rUpa paJcamI avasthA ke do udAharaNa dete haiM / jaise veNIsaMhArake chaThe ajUmeM [bhIma kaha rahe haiM ] - [duryodhanake] zarIrako pRthivIpara paTakakara usakA yaha rakta maiMne candanake samAna apane zarIrameM lagA liyA hai| cAroM samudroMkA jala jisakI sImA hai isa prakAra kI pRthivIkesAtha lakSmIko prArya [yu SiSThira] meM sthApita kara diyA hai / [ kauravoMke] bhRtya, mitra, yodhAgaraNa, kurusenA aura [ duryodhanake] bhAI saba isa rakhAgnimeM bhasma ho gae / he rAjan [ yudhiSThira ] ! prApa jisa nAmako bola rahe haiM. [ dhRtarASTrake putra ] duryodhanakA kevala eka vahI [nAmamAtra hI ] zeSa raha gayA hai / isase duryodhanako mArakara bhImasenane yudhiSThirako rAjyApaMga rUpa phalako pradarzita kiyA hai / [ ataH yaha phalAgamakA udAharaNa hai ] / athavA jaise rAghavAbhyudayameM [ rAma kaha rahe haiM ki ] - [rAjagane] vaidehIkA apahararaNa kiyA thA isalie saMgrAmameM mahAn kaSToMko sahakara bhI cakrase gardana kATakara usa rAvaNako yamarAjake arpita kara diyA / kintu usa [ sItA ] ke
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________________ kA0 32, sU0 42 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 63 prANAn yadvirahe'pyahaM vidhRtavAMstena pAsundara, vaktraM darzayitu tathApi na purastasyA vilakSaH kssmH||" iti / iha ca tAvan puruSakAramAtrAbhinivezinAM daivamapAkurvatAM nAstikAnAM devabahumAnavyutpattaye puruSakAro'pyaphalastadabhAvo'pi saphala iti darzanIyam / tato daivAyattaphale daridracArudattAdirUpake puruSayApArasya gauNatvAt kathaM prArambhAdayaH syuH ? na, tatrApi nAyakasya phalAthitvAt , phalamya ca prArambhAdinAntarIyakatvAt / anumAnyapi hi sasyAni vRSTisekApyAyitAyAM bhuvi ucchUnatA-stambabhavana-puSpodgamakrameNaiva phalanti / yadyapi hi sevAvazeSavyApAravimukhaH purupo na vyApriyate, tathApi devarito rAjAdivyAMpriyata eva / sa ca rAjAdigato vyApAraH puruSagata eva / tadvayApArasAdhyaphalArthitvAt / aparathA parata: prAptamapi phalaM nAGgIkuryAditi // 36 // virahameM bhI jo maiM prANoMko dhAraNa kie rahA isalie lajjita huA maiM apane lajjAse yukta [trapAsundaraM mukhako usake [sItAke sAmane dikhalAnemeM samartha nahIM huuN| isameM kalAgama rUpa paJcamI avasthAkA varNana hai / Upara yaha batalAyA thA ki prArambhAdi anya avasthAnoMkI yojanA devake vyApAra se bhI ho sakatI hai| kintu usakA phala nAyakako hI prApta hogaa| isIkA samarthana karate hue pAge usakI vizeSa upayogitAkA pratipAdana karate haiN| kevala puruSArthako mAnane vAle aura devakA tiraskAra karane vAle nAstikoMko bhI daMvameM zraddhA karAneke lie kahIM] puruSArtha bhI vyartha ho jAtA hai aura usakA prabhAva [arthAt deva bhI saphala ho jAtA hai yaha bAta yahAM nATakameM dikhalAnI cAhie / isalie kevala devake adhIna phala vAle 'daridra-cArudatta' prAdi rUpakoMmeM puruSake vyApArake gauNa ho jAnese prArambha prAdi [avasthAe~] kaise ho sakatI haiM yaha zaGkA yadi uThAI jAya to]--- ___ ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki vahA~ bhI nAyakako phalako kAmanA hotI hI hai| aura phala prArambhAdike binA nahIM ho sakatA hai| [isalie usameM bhI prArambhAdi avasthAoMkA samAveza ho sakatA hai / binA boe hue bIja bhI [jaba kisI prakAra khetameM par3a jAte haiM to ve] varSAse tara huI bhUmimeM phUlakara [aMkura phUTakara] paudA bana kara aura phUla kara kramase hI phalate haiM [isI prakAra binA puruSArthake kevala bhAgyake dvArA boe gae karma bIja bhI prArambhAdi pravasthAnoMke dvArA hI phalako utpanna karate haiN| ____ yadyapi sevA prAdi samasta vyApAroMse rahita rAjAdi sadRza] puruSa svayaM] kisI kAryako nahIM karatA hai kintu devase prerita athavA rAjA prAdi honepara [svayaM bhI vaiva-preraNAke anusAra vyApAra karatA hI hai / aura rAjAdigata vaha [deva prerita vyApAra bhI] puruSakA hI vyApAra hotA hai / [kyoMki usa devI- vyApAra dvArA hone vAle phalakA prArthI vaha [rAjAvi] ho hotA hai / anyathA [yadi vaha phalArtho na ho to] bAdameM prApta honevAle phalako bhI svIkAra na kreN||36||
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________________ 64 ] nATyadarpaNam (4) atha dazAnantaramuddiSTAna vyAkhyAtu sandhInupakSipati[ sUtra 43 ] - mukhaM pratimukhaM garbhAssmarza - nivarhaNAnyamI / sandhayo mukhyavRttAMzAH paJcAvasthAnugAH kramAt ||37|| mukhyasya svatantrasya mahAvAkyArthasyAMzA bhAgAH parasparaM svarUpeNa cAna: sandhIyante iti sandhayaH / avasthAbhiH prArambhAdibhiranugatA, avasthAsamAptau samAyanta ityarthaH / avasthAnAM ca dhruvabhAvitvAt sandhayo'pi nATaka - prakaraNa-nATikAprakaraNISu paJcAvazyambhAvinaH / samavakArAdau tu vizeSopAdAnAdRnatve'pi na doSaH / kramAditi mukhAdyuddezakrameNa avasthAkrameNa ca nivadhyante / iha tAvat prabandhanibandhanIyo'rtho'vasthAbhedena paJcabhirbhAgeH parikalpyate / ekaikazazca bhAgo dvAdazatrayodazetyAdirUpayA aGgasaMkhyayA vibhajyate / prAsaGgikavRttasandhayastu mukhyasandhyanuyAyitvAdanusandhaya evetyuktameveti ||37| [ kA0 37, sU0 43 (4) sandhi-nirUpaNa - 5vIM kArikA meM nirdiSTa nATaka lakSaNa meM 'praGka' 'upAya' aura 'dazA' ke bAda 'sandhiyoM' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ata eva dazAoMkA nirUpaNa kara cukane ke bAda aba sandhiyoMkA nirUpaNa prArambha karate haiM / pA~ca arthopakSepaka, pA~ca aGga ra pA~ca dazAoMke samAna sandhiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI pAMca hI hai / yahA~se zrAge una pA~coM sandhiyoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA jAyagA / aba 'dazA' ke anantara kahe hue [sandhiyoM] kI vyAkhyA karaneke lie 'sandhiyoM' kA prArambha karate haiM- [ sUtra 43 ] - mukha, pratimukha, garbha, vimarza aura nirvaharaNa ye [pUrvokta ] pA~ca avasthAnoM kA kramazaH anugamana karane vAle mukhya kathAke pA~ca bhAga 'sandhi' kahalAte haiM |37| mukhya arthAt svatantra mahAvAkya [ nATakake kathAbhAga ] ke aMza arthAt bhAga, paraspara apane rUpase aura aGgoMke sAtha milate haiM isalie 'sandhi' [kahalAte haiM] / prArambha prAvi [ pA~ca ] avasthA ke sAtha calane vAle [ haiM isalie] avasthAkI samAjhipara [ sandhi bhI ] samApta ho jAte haiM / yaha [' avasthAnugA:' padakA ] abhiprAya hai / [nATakoMmeM avasthAke lakSaNa meM kahe gae 'dhruva' padase] avasthAoM ke aparihArya honese [ unakA anusaraNa karane vAle pA~coM] sandhi bhI nATaka, prakaraNa, nATikA aura prakaraNI meM aparihArya haiM / samayakAra prAdi [rUpakoMke anya bhevoM] meM to [sandhiyoM kI saMkhyAkA ] vizeSa rUpase nirdeza honeke kAraNa kama [ saMkhyA ] hone para bhI doSa nahIM hai / [ kArikAmeM prAe hue ] 'kramAt' isa [ pada ] se mukhAdi rUpameM uddeza ke kramase [arthAt jisa kramase unake nAma isa kArikAmeM ginAe gae haiM usI kramase] aura vasthAoM ke kramase hI [ sandhiyoMkA ] samAveza kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ [ nATakameM] prabandhameM varNanIya kathAbhAgako [ prArambha Adi ] zravasthAoM ke bhedase pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai / aura unameMse pratyeka bhAga bAraha-teraha prAdi rUpa praGgoMkI saMkhyAmeM bA~TA jAtA hai / [ye hI pA~ca sandhi aura bAraha teraha zrAdi sandhyaGga kahalAte haiM] / prAsaGgika [ patAkA prAdi ke] caritrake sandhi to mukhya sandhiyoMke anugAmI honeke kAraNa 'anusandhi' hI hote haiM yaha mAta pIche kahI jA cukI hai // 37 //
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________________ kA0 38, sU0 44 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 15 (1) atha mukhaM lakSayitumAha [sUtra 44]--mukhaM pradhAnavRttAMzo biijotptti-rsaashryH| prArambhAvasthAbhAvitvAt pradhAnavRttasya bhAgo mukhamiva mukhama / 'bIjotpatteH' mukhyopAyopakSepasya, 'rasAnAM' ca zRGgArAdInAmAbhayo'vataraNaM yatra / prArambhopayogI yAvAnartharAziH prasaktAnupasaktyA vicitrarasasanivezastAvAna mukhasandhirityarthaH / __ yathA 'ratnAvalyAM' prathamo 'GkaH / atra hi sAgarikArAjadarzanarUpe amAtyaprArambhaviSayIkRte'rtharAzI amAtyayaugandharAyaNasya pRthivIsAmrAjyavijagISo-riH, vatsarAjasya vasantavibhAvaH zRGgAraH, paurapramodAvalokanAdabhutaH, / tata udyAnagamanAdArabhya punaH zRGgAraH iti / ___ yathA vA 'satya harizcandre' prthmo'ngkH| tatra hi kulapatiprArambhaviSayIkRte pRthivI-suvarNadAnAbhyupagamarUpe artharAzau rAjJaH prathamaM mahAvarAhadarzane adbhutaH, prahatahariNIdarzane karuNaH, punarAzramadazene adbhutaH, hariNIvadhazravaNakruddhasya kulapate raudraH, tataH prathivIsuvarNadAnAbhyupagame rAjJo dAnavIra iti / rasaprANo nATyavidhiriti ramAzrayatvamuttarasandhiSvapi draSTavyamiti / (1) mukhamandhi--- pratha mukha [saMdhi] kA lakSaNa karaneke lie kahate haiM----- [sUtra 44] noTako utpatti tathA rasakA prAzrayabhUta mulya kathAbhAgakA [mukhake samAna sabase pahile dikhalAI denevAlA aMza 'mukhasaMdhi' kahalAtA hai| kathAbhAgako prArambhAvasthAke sAtha honeke kAraNa pradhAna vRttakA [prArambhika bhAga mukhake samAna [sabase pahile dRzya honese] 'mukha' [saMdhi kahalAtA hai| bIjakI utpatti arthAt mukhya upAyake {upakSepa] prArambhakA aura zRGgArAdi rasoMkA prAdhaya arthAt pravataraNa jisameM hotA hai vaha mukhasaMdhi kahalAtA hai] / arthAt [nATakaka] prArambhakA upayogI jitanA artharAzi aura prasaktAnuprasakta arthAt paramparita rUpase vicitra rasoMkA [jitanA saniveza (prArambhake lie upayogI hai| vaha saba mukhasaMdhi [ke aMtargata hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM prathama aGka [mukhasaMdhikA udAharaNa hai| kyoMki usameM amAtya yaugaMdharAyaNa ke prArambha | vyApAra ke viSayabhUta sAgarikAke rAjAke dvArA dekhe jAne rUpa arthasamudAyameM pRthivIke sAmrAjyako prApta karanekI icchA rakhanevAle amAtya yogaMdharAyaNakA vIrarasa, vasaMta rUpa [uddIpana] vibhAva se yukta vatsarAjakA zRGgArarasa, puravAsiyoM ke pramodake avalokanase adbhuta aura usake bAda udyAnameM prAnese lekara phira zRGgAra pAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra [mukhasaMdhimeM vicitra rasAzrayatva pAyA jAtA hai / athavA jaise satyaharizcaMdra meM prathama prAmukhasaMSikA udAharaNa hai| usameM kulapati ke prArambhaphe viSayabhUta pRthivI aura suvarNadAnake svIkAra karane rUpa arthasamudAyameM, rAjAko prathama mahAvarAhake darzana rUpa adbhuta, [usake bAda mArI gaI hariNIko dekhanepara karuNa, usake bAda prAzramake dekhanepara adbhuta, phira hariNIyaSa [ke samAcAra ko sunakara burA hae phulapatikA raudra aura phira pRthivI aura suvarNa kA dAna karanepara rAjAkA dAnavIra [rasa pAyA hai| [isa prakAra isa nATakameMbhI mukhasaMghimeM nAnA rasoMkA vicitra saniveza kiyA gayA
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________________ 66 ] nATyadarpaNam kA0 38, saM0 45 (2) atha pratimukhaM vyAcaSTe--- [sUtra 45]-pratimukhaM kiyalakSyabIjodghATasamanvitaH // 38 // 'pradhAnavRttAMza' ihottareSu ca smaryate / kiyallakSyasya mukhasandhI gambhIratvena nyastatvAdISat prakAzasya bIjasya pradhAnopAyasya, udghATena prabalaprakAzanena, samyaganugataH, prayatnAvasthAparicchinno yaH pradhAnavRttAMzaH sa mukhasyAbhimukhyena vartata iti 'prtimukhm'| "dvIpAdanyasmAdapi" ityAdinA samAtyena sAgarikAceSTitarUpaM bIja mukhasandhau nyasta, vasantotsavakAmadevapUjAdinA tirohitatvAdISallakSyam / tasya ca susaGgatAracita rAja-sAgarikAsamAgamena dvitIye aGke udghATa iti // 38 // hai| prata eva yahA~ bhI mukhasaMdhi rasAyaH hai] / nAvyako racanAkA prAraNa hI rasa hai isalie [pratimukha prAdi] agalI saMSiyoMmeM bhI rasAbhayatva honA cAhie / (2) pratimukhasandhi aba pratimukha [sandhi] ko vyAkhyA karate haiM--- [sUtra 45]- [ mukhasandhimeM ] sUkSmarUpase dikhalAI dene vAle [ kiyalakSya ] bIjake udghATanase yukta prati-mukha [sandhi] hotA hai|38|| [mukhasandhike lakSaNameMse] 'pradhAnavRttAMzaH' isa bhAgakI anuvRtti yahA~ [isa pratimukhake lakSaNameM] tathA prAge [garbha sandhi prAvika lakSaNameM ] bhI pAtI hai / ['iha uttareSu ca sa smaryate isa vAkyakA yaha artha kiyA hai] / "kiyalakSyasya' [ padakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki ] mukhasandhimeM gUDha rUpase prAropita kie gae, isalie sUkSma rUpase dikhalAI dene vAle bIjake arthAt pradhAna upAyake, udghATana arthAt prabala rUpase prakAzanase, samyak arthAt spaSTarUpase anugata, prayatnAvasthAmAtrameM vyApta, pradhAna vRttakA jo bhAga hotA hai vaha mukhake sAmane prAge vidyamAna honese 'pratimukha [pratimukhasandhi kahalAtA hai| pratimukhasandhike lakSaNakI isa vyAkhyAmeM tIna bAteM kahI gaI haiN| pahalI bAta to yaha kahI hai ki 'pradhAnavRttAMzaH' isa bhAgakA sambandha mukhasandhike lakSaNase yahA~ bhI lAnA caahie| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki mukhasandhimeM bIjakA sUkSmarUpase jo niveza kiyA jAtA hai usakA pratimukhasandhimeM adhika spaSTa rUpase vikAsa udghATana kiyA jAtA hai| aura tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki jaise mukhasandhi prArambhAvasthAkA anusaraNa karane vAlA hotA hai / prArambhAvasyAke samApta hone ke sAtha hI mukhasandhi samApta ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra pratimukhasandhi prayatna rUpa dvitIyAvasthAkA anugAmI hotA hai| dvitIyAvasthAke samApta hone ke sAtha samApta ho jAtA hai| prAge isIkA udAharaNa prastuta karate haiN| .. __ jaise [ratnAvalImeM] 'DopAdanyasmAvapi ityAdise amAtya [yaugandharAraNa] ke dvArA sAgarikAkA vyApAra rUpa bIja [prathamAkumeM] mukhasandhimeM [sUkSmarUpase sthApita kiyA thaa| vaha basantotsava, kAmadeva-pUjanAvike dvArA tirohita honeke kAra / thor3A-sA dikhalAI detA thaa| usakA susaGgatAke dvArA karAe gae rAjA aura sAgarikAke samake dvArA dvitIyAMkameM udaghATana [adhika vistAra kiyA gayA hai| [mata eva dvitIyAMka.. kathAbhAga usa nATakameM pratimukhasandhi kahalAtA hai] // 36 //
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________________ kA0 36, sU0 46 ] garbha vyAkhyAtumAha [ sUtra 46 ] - bIjasyaunmukhyavAn garbho lAbhAlAbhagaveSaNaiH / utpatti-udghATanadazAdvayAviSTasya bIjasya zranmukhyaM phalajananAbhimukhyaM tadvAn / prAptyAzayA tRtIyAvasthayA paricchinno lAbhAlAbhagaveSaNaiH punaH punaH bhavadbhiryuktaH pradhAnavRttAMzo garbhasandhiH / atha prathamo vivekaH yathA veNIsaMhAre tRtIya- caturtha - pazJca medhvaM keSu / phalasAdhakAnAM pANDavAnAM vRtte nepathye bhImasenena - 'kRSTA yena ziroruheSu pazunA' / ityAdinA pratijJAnirvahaNopakramAta vijayAnuguNyalAbhena bIjasyonmukhyaM darzitam / tathA [ 67 'bhagadattaluhila kumbhake' [bhagadattarudhirakumbhakaiH ] | ityAdinA rAkSasImukhasUcitena pradhAnayodhavadhena / 'eze khudhiTThajju kezeSu girihaya doNe vAvAyIidi / ' [' eSa khalu dhRSTadyumnena kezeSu gRhItvA droNo vyApAdyate' / iti saMskRtam / ] tyAdinA rAkSasamukha sUcitena ca senApativaghena / svabalakSobhakAriNA karNa3 garbhasandhi aba garbha [ saMdhi] kI vyAkhyA karaneke lie kahate haiM [sU0 46 ] - [mukhya phalake] lAbha aura pralAbha [ prarthAt kabhI prAptiko prAzA aura kabhI prAptiko nirAzA ] ke anusaMdhAnake dvArA bIjakI phalonmukhatAse yukta [kathAbhAga ] garbha [ saMdhi kahalAtA ] hai / [pahile mukha tathA pratibhukha saMdhimeM kahI huI] utpatti tathA udghATana rUpa do avasthA se 'yukta bIjakA jo phala-jananake unmukha honA, usase yukta [ tIsarA garbhasaMdhi hotA hai / aura vaha ] prAptyAzA rUpa tRtIyAvasthA se sImita [arthAt tRtIyAvasthAke sAtha prArambha aura usakI samAptike sAtha samApta honevAlA ] hotA hai| bAra-bAra honevAle lAbha tathA alAbhake anusaMdhAnoMse yukta pradhAna kathAkA bhAga garbhasaMdhi [kahalAtA ] hai / jaise veNIsaMhArameM tRtIya, caturtha aura paJcama praGkoMmeM [garbhasaMdhi nimna prakAra pAyA jAtA hai] / phalake sAdhaka pANDavoMke caritrameM nepathya meM bhImasenake dvArA "kRSTA yena zirovaheSu" [ tRtIya ajUke 47veM zlokameM isakA artha pIche pRSTha para delo] / ityAdise [ bhImasenake dvArA apanI ] pratizAke pUrNa karaneke upakramase vijayakI anukUlatAkI prAptike dvArA bIjakI phalonmukhatAkA pradarzana kiyA hai| aura [ usI tRtIya ke pravezaka meM ] "bhagavatake ruSirase bharA huA ghar3A" ityAdike dvArA rAkSasIke mukhase sUcita karAe gae pradhAna yoSA [bhagadatta] ke babase, aura [usI pravezaka meM ] "yaha sRSTadyumna bAla pakar3akara droraNako mAra rahA hai" isake dvArA DAkSasake mulase sUcita karAe gae senApatike babale tathA [usI ameM] apanI senAmeM prazAMti paidA karanevAle ka
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________________ 18 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 36, sU0 46 zvatthAmnoH kalahena ca duryodhanasya vijayAlAbhalakSaNaM pANDavavRtte phalAnuguNaM bIjasyonmukhyam / tathA ___ "zrAH zaktirasti vRkodarasya mayiM jIvati vatsasya chaayaamaayaakrminm|" iti yoddha niSkrAntena duryodhanena vijayAnveSaNarUpaM aunmukhyam / tathA "rAjJo mAnadhanasya kAmukabhRto duryodhanasyAgrataH, pratyakSaM kurubAndhavasya miSataH karNasya zalyasya ca / pItaM tasya mayAya pANDavavadhUkezAmbarAkarSiNaH, koSNaM jIvata eva tIkSNa karajacaNNAdasRga vakSasaH // " ityAdinA bhImasenena duHzAsanavadhAt vijayalAbharUpamaunmukhyam / evamatra punaHpunarlAbhAlAbhagaveSaNairbIjasyonmukhyam darzitam / ata eva phalaprAptisambhAvanArUpo grbhsndhirucyte| tathA azvatthAmAke kalahase, duryodhanako parAjaya rUpa aura pANDavoMke pakSameM phalake anukUla boja kA pronmulya [vikhalAyA gayA hai] / tathA [caturtha prathameM] 'mAH! mere jIte rahate bhIma, vatsa duHzAsanakI chAyA taka chUneko zakti nahIM rakhatA hai [yaha kahakara ] yuddha ke lie nikalate hue duryodhanake dvArA vijayAnveSaNa rUpa phalonmukhatA [vikhalAI gaI haiM] tathA-- ___"abhimAnI aura dhanurdhArI rAjA duryodhanake sAmane, kaurava bandhunoMke prAge, tathA karNa evaM zalyake dekhate-dekhate prAja maiMne pANDavoMkI badhU [draupavIke] ke keza tathA vastroMkA apaharaNa karanevAle usa duHzAsanakI apane tIkSNa nAkhUnoM dvArA phAr3I gaI chAtIkA garama-garama lahU usake jIte hue bhI pI liyaa|" ityAdi [vAkya] se bhImasenake dvArA duHzAsanake vadhase [pANDavoMke] vijayalAbha spa phalakI unmukhatA [dikhalAI gaI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ viraNIsaMhArameM] bAra-bAra [vijayake] lAbha aura alAbhake anusaMdhAna dvArA bojako [phalake prati unmukhatA dikhalAI gaI hai| prata eva [yaha phalakI prAptiko sambhAvanA rUpa garbhasaMdhi kahalAtA hai| veNIsaMhAra vIrarasa-pradhAna nATaka hai| usameM pANDavoMkA vijayalAbha mukhya phala hai / prathama aGkameM usameM 'lAkSAgRhanalaviSAnna' ityAdi bhImasenakI uktise jisa kauravavaMzake nAza ke bIjakA prAropaNa kiyA gayA thA usakA dvitIya aGkameM adhika ubheda hokara tRtIya caturtha prakSoM meM usake prAptikI AzA ho jAtI hai| ina aGkoM meM aneka sthAnoMpara kauravoMke pradhAnapuruSoMke vadhakI sUcanA milatI hai| yaha pANDavoMkI vijayake anukUla jAtI hai| kahIM-kahIM duryodhana Adi kabhI apanI vijayake lie prayatnazIla dikhalAI dete haiM / vaha sthala mukhya phalakI prAptimeM bAdhaka pratIta hote haiN| saba milakara lAbhako AzA adhika rahatI hai| isalie isa bhAgameM prAptyAzA rUpa tRtIyAvasthA aura garbhasandhi rUpa tRtIya sandhiko hI nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| isI dRSTise granthakArane garbhasandhike udAharaNarUpameM usa bhAgako prastuta kiyA hai| yaha vIrarasa pradhAna nATakameM garbhasandhikA pradarzana karAyA / isI prakAra zRGgAra-pradhAna nATakoMmeM bhI dikhalAyA jA sakatA hai / isI bAtako pAge kahate haiM
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________________ kA0 36, sU0 47 ] prathamo vivekaH [ evaM zRGgArAdipradhAneSvapi rUpakeSu lAbhAlAbhagaveSaNAni darzanIyAni / iha garbhasandhau aprAptyaMzaH pradhAnaM phalasambhAvanAtmakatvAt / anyathA phala- nizcayAtmaka eva syAt / atramarzasandhau tu prAptyaMzaH pradhAnaM phalanizcayarUpatvAditi vizeSaH / iti / zrathAvamarzamAha - [ sUtra 47 ] - udbhinnasAdhyavighnAtmA vimarzo vyasanAdibhiH // 36 // bIjasya utpatti-udghATa- phalonmukhyairudbhinna bhavanAbhimukhaM yat sAdhyaM pradhAnaphalaM tadvighnAtmA tatpratyUhasampAtAtmA niyatApticaturthyavasthAparicchinnaH pradhAnavRttAMzaH, vimRzati balavadantarAyahetusampAta pratyAsannamapi sAdhyaM prati sandegdhi netA'sminniti 'vimarzaH' / niyataphalAptyadasthayA vyAptatve'pyasya sandheH sambhAvanAnantaraM sandehasyAprAptAvapi ca phalaM prati janaka vighAtakayostulyabalatvAt sandehAtmakatvam / 'vighnairapi hanyamAnAzca mahAtmAno vizeSato yatante' iti tattvato niyataisI prakAra zRGgAra- pradhAna rUpakoMmeM bhI [ phalakA] lAbhAlAbhake anusandhAna dikhalAne cAhieM / isa garbhasaMdhimeM, usake phalasambhAvanA rUpa honese praprAptikA zraMza pradhAna rahatA hai / anyathA [garbhasaMdhi na rahakara ] phala- nizcayAtmaka [vimarza-saMdhi] hI bana jAya / vimarza -saMghimeM prAptikA aMza pradhAna rahatA hai / kyoMki vaha phala-nizcaya rUpa hotA hai / yaha [ garbhasaMdhi tathA vimarza -saMghikA ] bheda hai / 4 vimarza - sandhi - aba vimarza [ sandhi ] ko kahate haiM [ sUtra 47 ] - [ bIjakI utpatti, udghATana aura phalaunmukhyake dvArA ] ubhinna prarthAt pUrNa honeke lie prastuta jo sAdhya, usameM vyasana prAdike dvArA vighna-svarUpa vimarza [ saMdhi ] kahalAtA hai / 36 / [mukha, pratimukha tathA garbhasaMdhiyoM meM kramazaH ] bIjakI utpatti, udghATana tathA phalonmukhatAke dvArA udbhinna arthAt [ saphala ] honevAlA jo sAdhya, arthAt pradhAna phala, usakA vighna-svarUpa arthAt usameM vighnopanipAta rUpaH niyatApti nAmaka caturthI avasthAse paricchinna [ arthAt caturthI avasthAke udayake sAtha udaya zraura usakI samAptike sAtha samApta honebAlA mukhya kathAkA bhAgako jisameM ki 'vimRzati' arthAt balavAn vighnoMke zrA jAnese pratyAsanna phalake prati bhI nAyaka sandeha meM par3a jAtA hai| isalie [ isI vyutpattilabhya arthake kAraraNa] 'vimarza' [ sandhi kahA jAtA ] hai / isa [vimarza ] sandhike niyatApti rUpa [caturthI] phalAvasthAse vyApta honepara bhI aura sambhAvanA [prarthAt utkaTa koTike nizcaya] ke anantara sandehakA avasara na honepara bhI phalake prati janaka aura usake vighAtaka donoMke tulyabala hone ke kAraraNa [vimarza - sandhiko] sandehAtmakatA hotI hai| aura [sandehAtmakatA hote hue bhI ] 'fbahanoMse bAra-bAra bAdhita honepara bhI. mahApuruSa aura adhika yatna [ phala prAptike lie ] karate haiM' isalie vAstava meM vaha niyatApti rUpa hI hotA hai / 'zreyAMsi bahuvighnAni bhale kAryoM meM aneka vighna hote hI haiN| isalie vighnake kAraraNoMke upasthita honepara bhI samIpavartI
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________________ 100 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 36, sU0 47 phalAptirUpatvam / 'zreyAMsi bahuvighnAni bhavanti' iti vighnahetusampAte'pi, pratyAsannavartini phale na nivartanIyamiti ca vyutpAdayitumavazyamatra sandhau vighnataat nibandhanIyAH / 'vyasanAdibhiH' iti zrAdizabdAt zApAdiparigrahaH / tatra vyasanAdvighno yathA rAmAbhyudaye paJcame'Gke / rAmaH"pratyAkhyAnaruSaH kRtaM samucitaM krUreNa te rakSasA, soDhaM tacca tathA tvayA kulajano dhatte yathoccaiH ziraH / vyarthaM samprati vibhratA dhanuridaM tvavyApadaH sAkSiNA, rAmeNa priyajIvitena tu kRtaM premNaH priye ! nocitam // " atra rAvaNena yanmAyArUpasItAvyApAdanaM tadrUpeNa vyasanena sItAprAptivighnajo vimarzaH / yathA vA raghuvilAse SaSThe'Gke / lakSmaNaH "nAkIrNA dazakandharI palabhujAM patyuH zitaiH patribhiH, dattA nApi vibhISaNAya suhRde laGkAdhipatyasthitiH / vaidehI virahAgnimagnamanaso nAryasya sandarzitA, jAta janma vRthA haddA ! raNadhurAdhaureya doSNo mama / / " [ phala] kI prAptise nivRtta nahIM honA cAhie [kitane hI vighna prAyeM apane prayatnako nahIM chor3anA cAhie] isa bAtakI zikSA [ sAmAjikoMko] venekelie [vimazaM] sandhimeM vighnoMke kAraNoMko avazya pradarzita karanA caahie| [ kArikAmeM para hue ] 'vyasanAvibhi:' meM Adi zabdase zApAdikA grahaNa karanA cAhie / [arthAt pratyAsanna phalako siddhimeM jo vighna-bAdhAe~ upasthita hotI haiM usake vyasana arthAt kleza yA zApAdi aneka kAraNa ho sakate haiN| unameM kisI bhI kAraNase vighnoMkI upasthiti dikhalAI jA sakatI hai] / unameM se saMkaTa [ vyasana] ke kAraNa vighna [kI upasthitikA udAharaNa] jaise rAmAmyudayameM paJcama meM / rAma [kahate haiM ki ] - 'nirvayo rAkSasa [rAvaraNa] ne pratyAkhyAna [arthAt usakI prArthanAko asvIkAra ] kara venese utpanna krodhake kAraNa tumhAre sAtha ucita hI [vyavahAra] kiyA [zrarthAt rAvaNane tumhAre inkAra kara denepara tumhAre sAtha jo vyavahAra kiyA vaha usake krodhake anurUpa hI thA ] | aura tumane bhI usa [ atyAcAra] ko isa prakArase sahana kiyA jisase ucca kulakI striyA~ prAja bhI garvase mastaka U~cA karatI haiM / kintu tumhArI vipattiyoMko sAkSIrUpase dekhanevAle [ aura usakA pratikAra na karaneke kAraraNa] vyartha hI dhanurdhAraNa karanevAle apane jIvanake lobhI rAmane he priye ! apane pramake anurUpa kArya nahIM kiyA / yahA~ rAvaNake dvArA banAvaTI sItAko jo mAra DAlA gayA thA usa vyasanase sItAkI prApti meM vighna prA par3anese yaha vyasana janya vimarza [ saMdhi ] hai / prathavA jaise raghuvilAsake chaThe prame / lakSmaNa [ kaha rahe haiM ] " [ maiM lakSmaraNa] rAkSasarAja [palabhujAM patyuH ] ke daza ziroMke samudAyako tIkSNa vAraNoMke dvArA kATakara girA nahIM pAyA, na mitravara vibhISaraNako laGkAke rAjAkA pada dilA pAyA aura na virahAgnise saMtapta manavAle prArya rAmacandrako vaidehIkA darzana hI karA
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________________ kA0 36, sU0 47 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 101 atra lakSmaNasya zaktibhedavyasanena phalaprAptivighnajanmA vimrshH| zApAdyathA abhijJAnazAkuntale paJcame'Gke durvAsaHzApavimohitatvena tyaktAyAM zakuntalAyAmahitAyAM ca, SaSTe'Gke aMgulIyakadarzanena samupajAtasmRtI rAjani durvAsaHzApavighnajo vimrshH| daivato yathA vidhivilasite paMcame'Gke"kaMcukI-hA dhika kaSTam , naivrollaMghyaH prAktanaH karmavipAkaH / vArtApi naiva yadihAsti sa rAjacandraH, tenojjhitA vidhivimohitacetanena / devA vane tridazanAthavilAsinIbhiH, katu gatA jagati sakhyamiti prvaadH|| atra sUdAcA rAvalambini nale devatyaktadamayantI-rAjyaprAptivighnajo vimrshH| krodhAdyathA veNIsaMhAre paSThe'Gke siddhakalpe'pi kArye krodhAtizayAdaparyuSitAM paayaa| isa lie raNako dhurAko dhAraNa karanevAlI merI bhujAoMkA janma hI vyartha ho gyaa| yahA~ lakSmaNake zakti laga jAneke kAraNa upasthita vyasanase phalaprAptimeM vighna prA par3anese utpanna [vyasana-janya] vimarza [saMdhi] hai / isa prakAra ina donoM zlokoM dvArA graMthakArane pratyAsanna phalakI siddhi meM kisI Akasmika vighnake A jAne se vyasana-janya saMzaya yA vimarza ke upasthita ho jAne ke udAharaNa die haiN| zApase utpanna [vimarza sandhikA udAharaNa] jaise abhijJAna zAkuntala [nATaka ke paJcama aGkameM durvAsAke zApase besudha honeke kAraNa [ duSyantake dvArA ] zakuntalA kA parityAga kara dene aura usake antahita ho jAneke bAda, SaSTha aGgameM aMgUThIko dekhakara rAjAko usakA smaraNa pAnepara, durvAsAke zAparUpa vighnase utpanna vighnajanya vimarza sandhi hai| daivavaza [ vimarzakA udAharaNa ] jaise 'vidhi-vilasita' [ nATakake ]. paMcamAGkamakaJcukI-hA dhika, bar3e duHkhakI bAta hai ki pUrva janmake karmoke phalase baca nahIM sakate haiN| jisa [ke rAjA banane kI koI bAta [sambhAvanA] bhI nahIM thI vaha aba [vaivavazAta prAja] rAjarAjezvara bana rahA hai aura [jo rAja-rAjezvara thA] usane bhAgyake kAraNa buddhibhraSTa ho jAnese [jue meM rAjapATako hArakara antameM apanI priyatamA damayantIko] vanameM chor3a diyaa| phira devatA loga apsarAoMke sahita vanameM usase mitratA prApta karaneke lie saMsArameM [bhUtalapara] pahuMce, isa prakArakA [nala-damayantIkA] kathAnaka lokameM prasiddha hai| isameM pAcakakA kAma karanevAle nalake bhItara devavaza chor3I huI damayantI tathA rAjyaprAptike mArgameM pAnevAle vighnoMke kAraNa utpanna vimarza dikhalAyA hai| krodhase utpanna [vimarza kA udAharaNa] jaise veNIsaMhArake chaThe aDUmeM [kaurava-vijaya rUpa] kAryake prAyaH sampUrNa ho cukanepara bhI bhImasenake [aAja yadi maiM duryodhanako nahIM mAra laMgA to svayaM prANatyAga kara dUMgA isa prakArako] bAsI na honevAlI [marthAta dUsare dina
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________________ 102 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 40, su0 48 pratijJAmAsthita..te bhImasene, duryodhane cAntarjala nimagne yatnAnveSaNairapyanupalabhyamAne yudhiSThiro nirvedAd vimRzannAha tIrNe bhISmamahodadhau kathamapi droNAnale nivRte, karNAzIviSabhogini prazamite zalye ca yAte divam / bhImena priyasAhasena rabhasAt svalpAvazeSe jaye, sarve jIvitasaMzayaM vayamamI vAcA samAropitAH // atra bhImakrodhAt kAryavinipAte sati jAta iti krodhajapratijJAvighnAtmA vimarzaH / evamanekahetujo vimarzasandhiH // 3 // atha nirvahaNasandhiM nirUpayati [ sUtra 48 ] - savIjavikRtAvasthAH, nAnAbhAvA mukhAdayaH / phalasaMyogino yasmin asau nirvahaNo dhruvam // 40 // bIjatya vikRtaM vikAra utpatti udghATa- phalaunmukhyAdikaH saha bIjavikRtaiH taka na TikanevAlI, usI dina pUrNa honevAlI] pratijJA kara lenepara, aura duryodhanake jalake bhItara chipa jAne tathA prayatna- pUrvaka khoja karanese bhI na milanepara pratyanta duHkhI hokara 'vimarza' karate hue yudhiSThira kahate haiM- "bhISma rUpa mahAsAgarako pAra kara lenepara, jaise-taise karake droNAcArya rUpa zragniko zAnta karaneke bAda, aura karNa rUpa bhayaMkara nAgarAjako nAza karane tathA zalyake svarga sidhAra jAneke bAda jabaki vijayakA thor3A-sA hI kAma zeSa raha gayA thA aise samaya sAhasa ho jisako priya hai isa prakArake bhImasenane kevala [apanI pratijJA rUpa] vAraNIse hama sabako saMzayameM DAla diyA hai / [zrarthAt yadi prAja duryodhanakA patA nahIM laga pAtA hai to bhImasena apanI pratijJAke anusAra apanA prANa tyAga kara deMge / usa dazAmeM hama sabakI bhI vahI gati hogI ] / yaha [vimarza ] bhImake krodhake kAraNa kAmake bigar3a jAnepara utpanna huA hai, isalie koSa -janya pratijJAse utpanna vighna rUpa vimarza hai / isa prakAra aneka prakArake hetunoMse 'vimarza' utpanna hotA hai | // 36 // 5 nirvahaNa sandhi aba mAge 'nirvaharaNa' sandhikA nirUpaNa karate haiM [ sUtra 48 ] - bIja aura usake [ udghATana phalonmukhatA zrAdi] vikAroM evaM [prArambha prAvi rUpa] avasthAnoMke sahita [bindu patAkA zrAdi ] nAnA prakAra ke bhAva [arthAt sthAyibhAva vyabhicAribhAva zrAdi prathavA bindu prAdi upAya ] tathA mukha Adi [ sandhiyA~] jahA~ pahu~ca kara [mukhya ] phalase yukta hote haiM vaha 'nirvaharaNa' [nAmaka paMcama sandhi kahalAtA ] hai / aura vaha [rUpakoMke samasta bhedaprabhedoMmeM dhruva arthAt ] aparihArya hai |40| bIjako vikRti prarthAt utpatti udghATana, phalonmukhatA praadi| bIja [ usakI ] vikRti tathA prArambha Adi avasthAnoMke sahita jo vidyamAna hoM / [ yaha kArikAke 'sabIja
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________________ kA040, sU048 ] prathamo vivekaH avasthAbhizca prArambhAdibhivartante / nAnA vicitrA bhAvAH sthAyi-vyabhicArisAttvikAH, athavA bhAvayanti phalaM sAdhayanti bhAvA, upAyA bindu-patAkA-prakarIkAryANi yatra / sukhaprAptau ca phale rati-hAsa-utsAha-vismaya-sthAyibhAvabAhulyaM, dhRti-gava-protsukya-madAdi-vyabhicAribAhulyaM ca mukhAdInAm / duHkhahAnau tu phale krodha-zoka-bhaya-jugupsA-sthAyibhAvabAhulyaM, AlasyogryAdi-vyabhicAribAhulyaM ca draSTavyam / mukhAdayo mukh-prtimukh-grbh-vimrshaaH| phalena mukhasAdhyena nAyaka-pratinAyaka-nAyikA-amAtyAdivyApArAH, samyagaucityena yujyanta sambadhyante yasmin pradhAnavRttAMze sa phalAgamAvasthayA paricchinno nirvahaNasandhiH / dhruvamiti prArambhasya nirvAhAvinAbhAvitvAt savarUpakeSvasyAvazyambhAvamAha / yathA ratnAvalyAmaindrajAlikapravezAt prabhRtyAsamApteriti / kecit tu mukhAdayaH sandhayo, avasthAzca yatra pRthaka-pRthak saMkSepataH punarulliGgyante ta nirvahaNasandhimAhuH / yathA satyaharizcandre SaSThe'Gke / devaHvikRtAvasthAH' padakA artha huaa| prAge kArikAke 'nAnAbhAvAH' padakA prarya karate haiN|] nAnA prakArake arthAt vicitra bhAva arthAt sthAyi, vyabhicAri tathA sAttvika [rUpa bhAva / athavA 'bhAvayanti' arthAt phalako siddha karate haiM [isa vyutpattike anusAra phalotpattike jo sAdhana hote haiM] ve 'bhAva' kahalAte haiN| aura ve] bindu, patAkA, prakarI tathA kArya rUpa upAya ['bhAva' kahalAte haiN| ve] jisameM vidyamAna hoM [vaha nirvaharaNa-sandhi hotA hai| yaha kArikAmeM pAye hue 'nAnAbhAvAH' padakA abhiprAya hai] sukha prApti rUpa [phala vAle nATaka meM rati, hAsa, utsAha, vismaya prAdi sthAyibhAvoMkA bAhulya rahatA hai| dhRti, garva, protsukya, mada prAdi vyabhicAribhAvoMkA bAhulya mukhAdi [ sandhiyoM ] meM rahatA hai| paura duHkha-hAni rUpa phala [vAle rUpakoM] meM krodha, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA rUpa sthAyibhAvoMkA bAhulya, tathA prAlasya, ugratA, prAdi vyabhicAribhAvoMkA bAhulya [hotA hai aisA] samajhanA caahie| [kArikAmeM prAe hue mukhAdi padakA artha karate haiN| mukhAdi arthAt mukha, pratimukha, garbha tathA vimarza [rUpa cAra sandhiyA~] / phalake sAtha arthAt mukhasandhike sAdhyake sAtha, nAyaka, 'pratinAyaka, nAyikA, amAtya prAdike vyApAra 'samyak' arthAt ucita prakArase jisameM pukta hote haiM, arthAt mukhya kathAMzake sAtha sambaddha hote haiM, phalAgama rUpa avasthAse yukta vaha nirvaharaNa-sandhi kahalAtA hai| [kArikAmeM pAe hue] 'dhra vaM" isa padase prArambha kie hae kAryako samApti avazya honI cAhie, isalie samasta rUpakoMmeM isakI [nirvahaNa-sandhikI] sattA avazya honI cAhie yaha sUcita kiyaa| nirvaharaNa-sandhikA udAharaNa] jaise ratnAvalImeM aindrajAlikake pravezase lekara samAptiparyanta [kA bhAga nirvaharaNa-sandhikA sadAharaNa hai| nirvahaNa sandhikA dvitIya lakSaNa kucha loga to [nirvaharaNa-sandhikA lakSaNa isa prakAra karate haiM ki mukha pAri sandhiyAM aura avasthAe~ jisameM saMkSepase alaga-alaga dubArA kahI jAtI haiM usako nirvaharaNasandhi kahate haiN| jaise satyaharizcandra [nATaka ke chaThe mahameM ['mATo munikanyakA' ityAdi agale ilokameM mukha-sandhi mAvikA dubArA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai] satyaharizcandra nATakakI racanA 6 par3oM meM samApta huI hai / nATakake prArambhameM hI
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________________ 104 ] nATyadarpaNam ! kA0 40, sU0 48 AkheTo munikanyakA kulapatiH kIraH zRGgAlo'dhvagAH, vipro mleccha patirmanuSyamaraNaM lambastanI mAntrikaH / udvaddhaH puruSo viyaccaravadhUrgomAyunAdaH phaNI, sarva sattvaparIkSaNotsukarasairasmAbhiretat kRtam / / AkheTa ityAdinA mukhasandhinibaddhAH, kIra ityAdinA pratimukhasandhibhAvinaH, azvagetyAdinA garbhasandhigrathitAH, manuSyetyAdinA ca vimarzasandhisUtritAH, yathAsaMkhya prArambhAdyavasthAnugatAH phalavanto'rthA nirvahaNasandhAvekavAkyatA''pAdanArtha saMkSepataH punarupAttA iti // 4 // kuntala aura kapijalake sAtha rAjA harizcandra ghor3epara car3he hue varAhakA pAkheTa karate hue praviSTa hote haiM, isI mRgayA-prasaMgameM eka tapovanake samIpa meM rAjAke vAraNase eka garbhiNI hariNI kI hatyA ho jAtI hai| yaha hariNI prAzramake kulapatikI kanyAkI pAlatU hariNI thii| rAjA ko usa hariNIke vadhase bar3A duHkha hotA hai / ve apane sAthiyoM ke sAtha prAzrama meM praveza karate haiN| vahA~ kulapati unakA svAgata karate haiN| kintu isI bIcameM kulapatiko mAlUma hotA hai ki unakI kanyA apanI priya hariNIke mAre jAneke kAraNa anazana karake marane ke lie taiyAra ho rahI hai| aura usake sAtha usakI mAtA bhI anazana karane jA rahI hai| kanyAkA nAma vaMcanA aura usakI mAtAkA nAma nikRti hai| kanyA aura patnIke anazana tathA hariNI ke vadhakA samAcAra jAnakara kulapati atyanta kruddha ho uThate haiM, aura rAjAko bahuta kharIkhoTI sunAte haiM / antameM ve kahate haiM ki yaha rAjA apanA sarvasva dAna karanepara hI isa pApase mukta ho sakatA hai / aura rAjA usI samaya apanA sarvasva dAna kara dete haiM / yaha mukha-sandhi kA kathAbhAga hai| prAge kI rAjA harizcandrake apane becane Adiko kathA agale aGkoMmeM calatI hai, usa sAre kathAbhAga kA sparza karanevAle zabdoM dvArA kathAMzakA nirdeza agale zloka meM 'pAkheTo munikanyakA kulapatiH' zabdoM se kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra zloka meM Ae hue kIraH zRgAlo, adhvagA mAdi pratyeka zabda nATakake pragale prakoMmeM variNata kathAnaka tathA viziSTa pAtroMse sambandha rakhatA hai / ina zabdoMke dvArA sAre nATakake kathAbhAgakI saMkSepameM bar3I sundaratAke sAtha eka tarahase punarAvRtti kara dI gaI hai| isalie yaha dUsare lakSaNa ke anusAra nirvahaNa sandhikA udAharaNa hai / zlokakA artha nimna prakAra hai (1) vaha zikAra, munikI putrI, phulapAta, (2) vaha totA aura zRgAla, (3) vaha pathikA, brAhmaNa aura mleccharAja, (4) vaha manuSyakA maraNa, lambastanI, mAMtrika, ukhata puruSa, pakSiyoMkA zamda, zRgAloMkI AvAja, aura sarpa yaha saba prApako [harizcandrakI] zaktikI parIkSAke lie hamane hI kiyA thaa| . isameM] pAkheTa ityAdise mukhasandhimeM nibaddha [artha], kIra ityAdise pratimukha sandhimeM nibaddha [mayaM], adhvagA ityAdise garbha sandhimeM athita [artha] aura manuSya ityAdise vimarza sandhimeM variNata [atha] kramazaH prArambha prAdi avasthAmoMse yukta phalavAna artha ekavAkyatA sampAdanake lie nirvahaNa sandhimeM saMkSepase phira kahe gae haiN| [isalie nirvahaNa sandhike dUsare lakSaNake anusAra rAja usakA udAharaNa hai] // 40 //
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________________ kA0 41-42, sU0 46 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 105 atha 'divyAGgama' ityatra aGga-zabdopAttAni upakSepAdIni aGgAni vipaJcayitu prathamaM (1) mukhasandhigatAnyuddizatisUtra 46] ---upakSepaH parikaraH parinyAsaH samAhitiH / ubhedaH karaNaM caitAnyatraivAtha vilobhanam // 41 // bhedanaM prApaNaM yukti-vidhAnaM paribhAvanA / sarvasandhiSvamUni syuH, dvAdazAGgaM mukhaM dhruvam // 42 // 'atraiva' iti upakSepAdIni karaNAntAni mukhasandhAveva bhavanti / tatrApi upakSe ra-parikara-parinyAlAnAM yathoddezakramamAdAveva, samAdhAnasya tu racanAvazAnmadhyaikadeza eva, ubheda-karaNayostu upAntye nibandhaH / mukhasandhike dvAdaza aGga pAMcavIM kArikA meM granthakArane nATakakA lakSaNa karate samaya usameM paJca-sandhiyoMkI carcA kI thii| una paJca-sandhiyoM kA nivecana yahA~ taka samApta ho gyaa| aba Age una sandhiyoM ke aGgoMkA varNana prArambha karate haiM / ina aGgoMkI saMkhyA pratyeka sandhimeM alaga-alaga nirdhArita kI gaI hai / mukhasandhimeM 12 aGga hote haiN| pratimukhasandhi, garbhasandhi tathA vimarza sandhi ina tInoM sandhiyoM meM teraha-teraha tathA nirvaharaNa sandhimeM 14 aGga mAne gae haiN| isa prakAra pAMcoM sandhiyoM meM kula milAkara aGgoMko saMkhyA paisaTha ho jAtI hai| prAge anthakAra kramazaH pA~coM sandhiyoMke ina paiMsaTha aGgoMkA varNana kreNge| unameM sabase pahile mukhasandhike bAraha bhedoMkA uddeza arthAt nAma mAtreNa kathana karate haiN| aba [pA~cavIM kArikAmeM nATakake lakSaNameM pAe hue] divyAGgam isameM aGga zabdase gRhIta hone vAle 'upakSepa' prAdi [pAMcoM sandhiyoMko milAkara 65] praGgoMkA vivecana karaneke lie pahile mukhasandhike [bAraha] aGkoMkA uddeza [arthAt nAmamAtrase kathana karate haiM [sUtra 46]--(1) upakSepa, (2) parikara, (3) parinyAsa, (4) samAdhAna, (5) upabheda, (6) karaNa, ye chaH aGga] isameM hI [arthAt mukhasandhimeM hI hote haiM [anya sandhiyoM meM nahIM hote haiM / . sUtra 46]----aura (7) vilobhana, (8) bhedana, (9) prAparaNa, (10) yukti, (11) vidhAna tathA (12) paribhAvanA ye [sAta maGga] saba sandhiyoMmeM ho sakate haiN| isa prakAra] bAraha praGgoMvAlA mukhasandhi [rUpakake samasta bhedoMmeM 'dhrava' arthAt pravakSya hotA hai| ___'atraiva' isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki upakSepase lekara karaNa panta [ pa] mukhasandhimeM hI hote haiM [anya sandhiyoM meM nahIM hote haiN| unameM bhI upoSa, parikara tathA parinyAsa [ina tInoM aGgoM] kA isa [uddezake] kramase [sambike prArambhameM hI sanniveza kiyA jAtA hai| samAdhAnakA racanAke anusAra madhyake [kisI] eka bhAgameM hI tathA udbheda evaM karaNakA [mukhasandhike prAyaH antameM [upAntye hI sanniveza kiyA jAtA hai| kArikA meM Ae hue 'atrava' padase yaha kahA thA ki upakSepase lekara karaNa paryanta chaH praGga mukhasandhimeM hI hote haiM, anya sandhiyoMmeM nahIM hote haiN| inameM se karaNa nAmaka bhaGga panya sandhiyoM meM to hotA hI nahIM hai kintu mukhasandhimeM bhI usakA honA mAvazyaka
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________________ nATyadarpaNam . [ kA0 41-42, sa0 46 upakSepAdIni karaNarahitAni yuktisahitAni SaTa anAvazyaM bhavanti | vilobhanAdIni tu sarvasandhiSvapi bhavanti / saMvidhAnakavazAt tadarthasyAnyatrApi smbhvaat| bAhulyanibandhanApekSayA tvtropaadaanm| evamanyasandhiSvapi jJeyam / __ bhedastu savesandhiSvaGkAnte, pravezaka-viSkambhakAnte ca avazyaM nibndhniiyH| pAtrabhedarUpatvAt tasya / upakSapa-parikara-parinyAsabhyo'parANyaGgAni vRttAnuguNyAuddezakamAtikrameNApi nibadhyante / Amukhasya ca naTavRttatvena itivRttAnaGgatvAt tadanantaramaGgAnAM nibndhH| dvAdazAGgamiti sndhiH| saMvidhAnakhaNDAnyaGgAni sandhirUpasya aGgino'vayavatvena niSpAdakatvAt / nahIM hai| usa karaNako haTAkara usake sthAnapara yuktiko jor3a denepara jo upakSepa Adi chaH aGga banate haiM unakA mukhasandhimeM honA anivArya hai isa bAta ko agale anucchedameM kahate haiM karaNako chor3akara aura yuktiko milAkara upakSepAdi chaH [arthAt (1) upakSepa, (2) parikara, (3) parinyAsa, (4) samAdhAna, (5) udbheda tathA (6) yukti ye chaH aGga] yahAM [arthAt mukhasandhimeM] avazya hote haiN| vilobhanAdi [zeSa chaH aGga] to saba hI sandhiyoMmeM hote haiN| kyoMki racanAke anusAra unakA kArya 'anyatra' [arthAt anya sandhiyoMmeM bhI ho sakatA hai| [saba sAndhayoMmeM sambhava honepara bhI] yahA~ [arthAt mukhasandhimeM] una [vilobhanAdi zeSa chaH aGgoM kA grahaNa bAhulyake kAraNase [arthAt mukhasandhimeM vilobhanAdi aGgoM kA adhikatara prayoga honeke kAraNa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra anya sandhiyoM [ke agoMke viSaya] meM bhI majhanA caahie| / arthAt pratimukhAdi anya sandhiyoMmeM kahe hue aGgoMkA prayoga bhI usa-usa sandhise bhinna anya sandhiyoMmeM bhI ho sakatA hai| kintu adhikatara prayoga usa-usa sandhimeM hI hotA hai, isalie unakA grahaNa usa-usa sandhimeM vizeSa rUpase kiyA gayA hai| bheda [nAmaka pAThaveM aGga] ko saba sandhiyoMmeM, aGkake antameM, pravezaka tathA viSkambhakoM ke antameM avazya prayukta karanA caahie| kyoMki vaha pAtra-parivartana rUpa hotA hai| upakSepa, parikara tathA parinyAsa [ina tIna aGgoM ko chor3akara anya aGga to kathAvastukI anukUlatAke anusAra uddeza-kramakA parityAga karake bhI prayukta kie jA sakate haiM / prAmukhake naTavRttAnta-rUpa honese kathAvastukA bhAga na honeke kAraNa [usake bIca meM aGgoMkA prayoga na karake] usake bAda aGgoMkA prayoga kiyA jAtA haiN| 'dvAdazAGga' isase bAraha aGgavAlA sandhi gRhIta hotA hai| sandhirUpa avayavIke avayava rUpase nirmANa karanevAle honeke kAraNa [upakSepAdi aGga] racanA [saMvidhAnaka] ke praGga kahalAte haiN| Upara jo hamane yaha dikhalAyA thA ki mukhasandhike bAraha aGga, pratimukha, garbha tathA vimarzasandhiyoMmeM se pratyekameM teraha-teraha aGga tathA nirvaharaNasandhimeM caudaha aGga mAne gae haiN| yaha aGgasaMkhyA kevala una-una sandhiyoMmeM batalAe gae aGgoMkI dRSTise kahI gaI hai| kintu una sandhiyoMmeM, kahe hue apane aGgoMke atirikta anya sandhiyoM ke aGgoMkA prayoga bhI ho sakatA hai| unako milA denepara yaha saMkhyA vAlA niyama nahIM rahatA hai / isI bAtako granthakAra agale anucchedameM likhate haiM
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________________ kA0 41-42, sU0 46 ] prathamo vivekaH - aGgasaMkhyAniyamazca sndhissuupaattaanggaapekssyaa| sandhyantaraGgAnupraveze tu na sNkhyaaniymH| saMkhyAsaMkSepazcAGgAnAM parasparAntarbhAvena pratisandhisukaro'pi prAcInairakRtatvAt , bhaNitibhaMgibAhulyasya ca camatkArakAritvAdasmAbhirna kRtH| 'dhra vam' iti mukhasandhiH sarvarUpakeSvavazyaM bhavati / nirvahaNamapyevam / zrArambhanirvAhayoravazyambhAvitvAt / pratimukhAdayastu vyAyogAdiSu yathAlakSaNaM bhavanti, na bhavanti ca / . aGgAni ca vRttavistarakAritvAdavazyaM nibandhanIyAni / aparathA 'rAmasya patnI rAvaNena vnaantaadphRtaa| rAmeNa ca jaTAyuSaH samupalabhya, sugrIvaM sahAyaM vAnarAdhirAjyapratipAdanAdadhigamya, samudrasetubandhamAdhAya, nihatya ca rAvaNaM pratyAnItA ityatra prArambhAdyavasthAnibandhanIyaiH paJcabhirapi sandhibhirbIjAzupAyayuktainibaddha rUpake vRttasaMkSepaH syAt / tathA ca na cmtkaarH| kiM cAraJjakamapi vRttaM aGgavaicitryeNa nibadhyamAnaM parAM raktimAvahati / kAryavazAcca punarucyamAnamapi vRtta aGgabhaGgayA nibaddhamapunaruktamivAbhAti / ayaHzalAkAkalpatA ca aGgasambaddhAya vRttasya na bhavati / pratyekazazcAGgAnAM prayojana yathAvasaraM lakSaNe darzayiSyAmaH // 41 aGgoMko saMkhyAkA niyama [una-una] sandhiyoMmeM gRhIta aGgoMkI dRSTise hI hotA hai| anya sandhiyoMke aGgokA anupraveza ho jAnepara to yaha saMkhyA-niyama nahIM rahatA hai| aura pratyeka sandhimeM [kucha aGgoMkA] eka-dUsare meM antarbhAva karake agoMko saMkhyAkA saMkSepa sambhava honepara bhI prAcIna prAcAryoMke dvArA na kie jAneke kAraNa tathA kathana-zailiyoMke bAhulyake camatkArajanaka honeke kAraNa hamane nahIM kiyA hai / 'dhra vam' isa [pada]se [yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki] mukhasandhi samasta rUpakoMmeM avazya hotA hai / isI prakAra nirvaharaNasandhi bhI [rUpakake samasta bhedoMmeM avazya hotA hai / [pratyeka rUpaka athavA pratyeka kArya meM prArambha aura samAptike avazyambhAvI honese [pratyeka rUpakameM mukhasandhi tathA nirvaharaNasandhikA honA aparihArya hai / anya sandhiyoMkA saba rUpaka bhedoMmeM honA aparihArya nahIM hai] pratimukha prAdi [anya sandhiyA~] to lakSaNoMke anusAra vyAyoga Adi [rUpaka bhedoMmeM hotI bhI haiM aura nahIM bhI hotI haiN| [pratyeka sandhimeM variNata] aGgoMke, kathAvastuke vistArakArI honese aGgoMkI racanA (rUpakoMmeM] avazya karanI cAhie / anyathA [rUpakako kathAvastu bahuta saMkSepameM samApta ho jAneke kAraNa camatkAra-zUnya ho jaavegii| jaise] (1) rAmako patnIko rAvaNane haraNa kara liyaa| (2) rAmacandrane jaTAyuse [isa samAcArako] jAnakara, (3) vAnaroMke adhirAjapadako pradAna karaneke dvArA sugrIvako apanA sahAyaka banAkara, (4) samudrapara setubandha banAkara aura rAvaraNako mArakara, (5) usako lauTA liyA isa [rAmAyaNako kathA meM prArambhAvi pravasthAnoM ke dvArA viracita tathA bIjAdi upAyoMse yukta pA~coM sandhiyoM [ke prayoga] se [yukta] rUpakako racanA karanepara [bhI] kathAvastukA [atyanta] saMkSepa ho jAtA hai| isIlie usameM koI canatkAra nahIM rahatA hai / [isake viparIta] araJjaka [nIrasa] kathAvaratu bhI vibhinna aGgoM dvArA [vistAra-pUrvaka vaNita honepara atyanta manoraJjaka bana jAtI hai / aura kAryavaza [kahIMkahIM] kathAbhAga punarukta honepara bhI praGgoMko zailIse nibaddha honepara punarukta-sI pratIta nahIM
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________________ 108 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 43, sU0 50 atha sakala kAvyArthaH, pradhAnarasalakSaNaM prayojanaM ca, saMkSepeNopakSipyata iti prathama (1) 'upakSepaM lakSati [sUtra 50]-bIjasyoptirupakSepaH-- vistAriNaH kAvyAthasya mUlabhUto bhAgo bIjamiva 'biijm'| tasya uptirAvApamAnaM 'upakSeH' / yathA ratnAvalyAM nepathye dvIpAdanyasmAdapi madhyAdapi jalanidherdizo'pyantAt / AnIya jhaTiti ghaTa yati vidhirabhimatamabhimukhIbhUtaH / / ityAdinA yaugandharAyaNena vatsarAjasya ratnAvalIprAptihetuH svavyApArAnukUladaivo bIjamuptam // hotA hai| aura agase sambaddha [arthAt aGgoMko zailIse nibaddha] kathAvastu loheko zalAkAke samAna [ekadama sIdhA aparivartanIya nahIM rahatA hai [usameM lacakolApana A jAtA hai jisase kavi saundaryAdhAnake lie use prAvazyakatAnusAra mor3amAr3a sakatA hai| pratyeka aGgakA alagaalaga prayojana unake lakSaNameM yathAvasara dikhlaaveNge| isa anuccheda meM granthakArane pazca-sandhiyoMmeM kahe jAnevAle maGgoMkI upayogitAke viSaya meM sAmAnyarUpase prakAza DAlA hai / usake anusAra aGgoMkA prayojana kathAvastumeM camatkAra ko utpanna karanA hai / aGgoMke prayogake binA atyanta sarasa kathAvastu bhI nIrasa bana jAtI hai / aura aGgoMke yathocita prayogake dvArA nIrasa kathAvastumeM bhI camatkAra utpanna kiyA jA sakatA hai| isalie granthakArane rUpakoMmeM aGgoMke prayogako aparihArya mAnA hai| unhIM ke dvArA kathAkA vistAra aura lacakIlApana pAtA hai| aura punarukti prAdi doSoMkA parihAra hotA hai / prata eva aGgoMkA prayoga atyanta Avazyaka hai // 41-42 / / ina do kArikAoM meM mukhasandhike aGgoMkA uddeza arthAt nAmamAtrase kathana karaneke bAda aba granthakAra mukhasandhi ke bArahoM aGgoMkA alaga-alaga-alaga lakSaNAdi Age kareMge / inameM sabase pahile upakSepa rUpa prathama aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM -- (1) upakSepa [upakSepa rUpa prathama manake dvArA samasta kAvyakA artha aura pradhAna rasa rUpa prayojana saMkSepameM bIja rUpase upakSipta kiyA jAtA hai, isalie ['upakSipyate'nena iti upakSepaH' isa vyutpattike anusAra sabase pahile 'upakSepa' kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 50]- [kathAvastuke bIjakA vapana karanA 'upakSepa' kahalAtA hai / [mAge calakara vistRta honevAle kathAvastukA mUlabhUta bhAga dhAnyake] bojake samAna [honese 'bIja' [kahalAtA hai| usako DAlanA arthAt bonA jisa aGgake dvArA kiyA jAtA hai vaha] 'upakSepa' [kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM nepathyameM [bIjakA 'upakSepa' isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai dUsare dvIpase bhI, samudrake bIcase bhI aura dizAke chorase bhI anukUla huA vaiva abhiita vastuko lAkara milA detA hai| ityAdi [kathana ke dvArA [vatsarAMja udayanake maMtrI] yaugandharAyaNane vatsarAja udayana] ko rasnAvalI [nAdhikA] kI prApti karAnevAle apane vyApArake anukUla deva rUpa
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________________ kA0 43, sU0 51-52 / prathamo vivekaH [ 106 (2) atha parikaraH [sUtra 51]---svalpavyAsaH parikriyA / upakSiptasyArthasya suSThu vizeSavacanairalpaM vistAraNaM 'prikrH'| yathA veNIsaMhAre bhImasenaH sahadevamAha pravRddhaM yadvairaM mama khalu zizoreva kurubhiH,. na tatrAryA heturbhavati na kirITI na ca yuvAm / jarAsandhasyoraHsthalamiva virUDhaM punarapi, krudhA bhImaH sandhiM vighaTayati yUyaM ghaTayata // iti / (3) atha parinyAsaH [sUtra 52]--vinizcayaH parinyAsaH--- upakSipya, vistAritasyArthasya vizeSeNa nizcayaH siddhatayA hRdaye'vasthApana parito nyasane 'parinyAsaH' / yathA rAghavAbhyudaye ___ "matisAgara:---deva mA shtisstthaaH| pralaye'pi hi kiM vipariyanti munibhASitAni ? bIjakA prAdhAna kiyA hai| (2) parikara 'parikara [nAmaka mukhasandhike dUsare prakako kahate haiM]-- [sUtra 51]--[bIja rUpameM upakSipta arthakA] svalpa vistAra 'pariphara' [nAmaka, mukhasandhikA kahalAtA hai| [bIja rUpameM upakSipta prarthakA [svalpavyAsaH arthAta bhalI prakArase vizeSa vacanoM dvArA tanika-sA vistAra karanA parikara' [kahalAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM bhImasena sahadeva se kahate haiM... 'merA kaurayoMke sAtha bacapanase hI jo baira bana gayA hai usameM na prArya [arthAt yudhiSThira kAraNa haiM, na arjuna aura na tuma donoM [arthAt nakula aura sahadeva hI kAraNa haiM / krodhake kAraNa bhImasena [arthAt maiM svayaM] jarAsaMdhake uraHsthalake samAna paripakva saMdhiko bhI aGga karane jA rahA hai tuma loga use bhale ho jor3ate rho|" (3) parinyAsa sUtra 52]--[upakSipta praura tanika vistArita arthakA] vizeSa rUpase nizcaya parina kahalAtA hai| bIja rUpameM upakSipta karake phira [parikara aGga dvArA] visphArita arthakA vizeSa rUpase nizcaya arthAt siddha mAnakara hRdayameM dhAraNa karanA [paritaH] pUrNa rUpase hRdayameM] sthApita karanA parito nyasanaM parigyAsa: isa vigrahake anusAra] 'parinyAsa' [kahalAtA) hai| jaise 'rAdhavAbhyudaya' meM matisAgara--he rAjan ! Apa zaGkA na kreN| kyA muniyoMke vacana kabhI pralayameM bhI mithyA ho sakate haiM ?
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________________ 110 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 43, sU0 52 . janakaH-tan kiM bhujadaNDavikramAkrAntabhAratakhaNDa anyasya tasyApi parAjayaH sambhAvyate? matisAgaraH- [svagatam] aho durAtmano rAkSasasyAzviyaM, yadayaM raho'pi devasta ibhidhAnamuccArayan bibheti / (prakAzam] deva sambhAvyata iti kimucyate ? siddha eva kiM nAbhidhIyate devena / " iti / yathA vA veNIsaMhAre "cazcad-bhujabhramita-caNDagadAbhighAtasaJcUrNitoruyugalasya suyodhanasya / stthAnApaviddha-ghanazoNinazoNapANi ruttayiSyati kacAMstava devi bhImaH // " iti / yathA vAsmadupaTe rohiNImRgAGkAbhidhAne prakaraNe prathama'Gke mRgAta prati"vasantaH-kumAra mA zaGkiSThAH __unmattapremasaMrambhAdArabhante ydnggnaaH| tatra pratyUhamAdhAtu brahmApi khalu kaatrH||" anupakSipto'rtho na vistAyete, avistAritazca na nizcIyate iti trayANAmapyeSAM uddezakrameNaiva nibandhaH / * janaka - to kyA apane bhujadaNDake vikamake hI jisane bhAratake tIna khaNDoMko mAkrAMta kara liyA hai usa [rAvaraNa] kI bhI kabhI parAjaya ho sakatI hai ? matisAgara--[apane manameM 'svagata' kahate haiM] aho duSTa rAkSasarAjake zAsanakA kaisA prabhAva hai ki ye mahArAja ekAMtameM bhI usakA nAma lene meM Darate haiN| [prakAzam] he rAjan [usako parAjaya] sambhava hai aisA kyoM kahate haiM, siddha ho hai aisA prApa kyoM nahIM kahate haiN| isameM [vistArita arthakA 'vizeSeNa nizcayaH' arthAt siddhatayA kathana honese yaha 'parinyAsa' nAmaka tIsare aGgakA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise veNIsaMhArameM-- he devi ! apanI caJcala bhujAbhoMse ghumAI huI bhayaGkara gavAke prahArase tor3I huI duryodhana kI donoM javAnoMke gAr3he jame hue pracura raktase raMge hue hAthoMse hI yaha bhIma tumhAre bAloMko baaNdhegaa| isameM [vistArita arthakA siddhavat kathana honese yaha 'parinyAsa' kA udAharaNa hai / athavA jaise hamAre banAe hue 'rohiNImRgAGka nAmaka prakaraNameM prathamAGkameM mRgAke prati vasanta kahatA hai] vasaMta kumAra ! pApa [kisI prakArako zaGkA na kreN| unmatta premake AvegameM striyA~ jo [praNaya-vyApAra] prArambha karatI haiM usameM vighna DAlanekA sAhasa brahmA bhI nahIM kara sakatA hai| saMkSipta rUpameM bIjake samAna] upakSipta kie binA arthakA vistAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai aura vistAra kie binA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai isa lie [upakSepa parikara tathA parinyAsa] ina tInoM [aGgoM] kA uddezakamase [arthAt isI kramase sanniveza karanA caahie|
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________________ kA0 43, sU053 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 111 (4) atha samAhitiH [sUtra 53]--punAsaH samAhitiH // 43 // saMkSipyopakSiptasya bIjasya spaSTatApratipAdanArtha punAso bhaNitivaicitryaM, samyag aAsamantAt dhAnaM poSaNaM 'smaahitiH'| yathA veNIsaMhAre-- "[nepathye)-bho bho drupada virATa-vRSNyandhaka-saha devaprabhRtayo'smadakSauhiNIpatayaH kauravacamUpradhAnAzca yo: zrUyatAm--- yat satyavatabhaGgabhIrumanasA yatnena mandIkRtaM, yadvismartumapIhitaM zamavatA zAntiM kulsyecchtaa| tad dyUtAraNisambhRtaM nRpasutAkezAmbarAkarSaNaiH, krodhajyotiridaM mahat kuruvane yaudhiSThiraM jambhate // " iti / 'svasthA bhavanti' iti yadvIjaM, tadidAnI pradhAnanAyakatagatatvena samyak poSa nItimiti // 43 // (4) samAdhAna aba [caturtha aGga] 'samAdhAna' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 53]- [saMkSepameM upakSipta bIjakA) dubArA [adhika spaSTa rUpase prAdhAna 'samAdhAna' [kahalAtA hai| 43 / [upakSepa rUpa prathama aGgameM] saMkSepase upakSipta bIjako aura adhika spaSTa rUpase pratipAdana karaneke lie phirase kathana karanA arthAt vicitra bhASaNazailIse [dubArA kathana karanA, 'samyag' bhalI prakArase aura 'pA samantAt pUrNa rUpase sthApita karanA [isa vigrahake anusAra 'samAdhAna' [samAhiti kahalAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM-- "nepathyameM-he drupada, virAT, vRSNI, andhaka aura sahadeva prAdi hamArI prakSauhiNI senAke senApatiyo ! aura kauravoMko senAke pradhAnAdhikAriyo ! [pApa saba loga kAna kholakara sunaleM ki-~ bAraha varSa vanavAsa tathA eka varSake ajJAtavAsakA jo vrata hama pANDavoMne liyA hai vaha kahIM bhaGga na ho jAya isa prakAra] satyavratake bhaGgase DaranevAle [yudhiSThira ne [aba taka apanI] jisa [krodhAgni] ko yatna-pUrvaka dabAe rakhA thA aura zAnta-svabhAva vAle [yudhiSThira] ne phulakI zAntiko kAmanAse jisako bhUlanekA bhI yatna kiyA, dyUtako arariNayoMse utpanna aura draupadIke keza tathA vastroMke khIMce jAnese narapazu [duHzAsana ke dvArA uddIpta kiyA humA yudhiSThirakI vaha bhayAnaka krodhAgni prAja kurukula rUpa vanameM [usako bhasma kara deneke lie] pradIta ho rahA hai| isameM ['svasthA bhavantu mayi jIvati dhArtarASTrAH' mere jIvita rahate kaurava kahIM] 'svastha ho sakate haiM' [athavA kaurava svargako bhAveM] isa rUpameM jisa bIjakA prAdhAna kiyA gayA thA vaha isa samaya pradhAna nAyaka [yudhiSThira gata rUpase pUrNa rUpase paripuSTa ho gayA hai| [isa lie yaha 'parinyAsa'kA udAharaNa hai] // 43 //
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________________ 112] (5) athodabhedaH - nATyadarpaNam [ sUtra 54 ] svalpapraroha udbheda: zrImukhAnantaramuptasya bIjasya svalpaprarohaH, kiJcit phalAnuSThAnAnukUlyapradarzanaM dhAnyasyocchUnateva 'ubheda:' / bIjasyodghATana maM kuravalpam, udbhedaH punaraMkura kalpAdudghATanAda bhUminyastadhAnyocchUnate va prAcInAvasthA ityayaM mukhasandherevAGgam / na punarudughATa rUpatvAt pratimukhasandheH / yathA veNIsaMhAre-" nAva puNo vi tae Agacchiya ahaM samAsAsaidavvA / " [nAtha punarapi tvayAgatyAhaM samAzvasayitavyA / iti saMskRtam ] isa prakAra yahA~ taka mukhasandhike upakSepa, parikara parinyAsa tathA samAdhAna rUpa cAra joMkA varNana ho cukA hai / aba udubheda nAmaka pazcama zraGgakA varNana prArambha karate haiM / upabheda - zabda se milatA-julatA dUsarA udghATa-zabda hai / isa zabdakA prayoga pratimukhasandhi ke lakSaNa ke prasaGga meM pahile kiyA jA cukA haiM / " pratimukhaM kiyallakSyabIjodghATasamanvitaH " pratimukhasaMdhi ke isa lakSaNa meM 'bIjodghATa' kI carcA kI gaI thI / yahA~ mukhasaMdhi ke paJcama bheda kA nAma 'ubheda' hai / isameM bhI bIjake 'svalpapraroha' kI carcA kI gaI hai / isase kabhI yaha prazna ho sakatA hai ki isa 'udbheda' aura 'udghATa' meM kyA antara hai / isa lie isa 'udbheda' rUpa mukhasaMdhi ke aGgakI vyavasthA ke prasaGgameM hI graMthakArane pratimukhasaMdhi ke 'udghATa' se 'udbheda' kA yaha antara dikhalAyA hai ki jaise bIjako bhUmimeM boneke bAda pahile bIja phUlatA hai taba usake bAda bIja phUTakara usameM se aMkura nikalatA hai / usI prakAra bIjako phUlanevAlI avasthA ke samAna yahA~ nATya bIjakA jo svalpa vistAra hotA hai vaha 'udbheda' kahalAtA haiM / aura dhAnya bIjakI aMkurAvasthA ke samAna jo aura adhika vistAra hotA hai vaha 'udUghATa' kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra 'udbheda' praGga, 'udghATa' kI apekSA pUrvavartI zraGga hai / isI lie vaha mukhasandhikA aGga hai| aura 'udghATa' usake bAdakI aMkura kalpa avasthA hai| isa lie vaha 'udbheda' ke bAdakI zraura pratimukhasandhi kI avasthA hai| 'udbheda' zraura 'udghATa' ke isa bhedako granthakAra 'udbheda' ko vyAkhyA meM Age dikhalAte haiM / (5) ubheda + [ kA0 44, sU0 5.4 aba ubheva [nAmaka mukhasandhike paJcama aGgakA lakSaNa kahate haiM ] - [ sUtra 54 ] - [ bIjakA ] thor3A-sA vistAra ubheda [nAmaka zraGga kahalAtA ] hai / zrAmukhake bAda boe gae [kathAvastuke] bIjakA tanika-sA vistAra prarthAt thor3I-sI phalako dhanukUlatAkA pradarzana, dhAnyakI ucchUnatA [ phUlane] ke samAna [ honese ] 'ubheva' [kahalAtA ] hai / [ pratimukha sandhimeM kahA jAnevAlA ] bIjakA 'udghATa' [dhAnyabIjake ] aMkura ke samAna haiN| aura udbheda aMkura kalpa udghATase pUrvavartI dhAnyake phUlaneke samAna usase pahilI avasthA hai / isa lie yaha [ udbheda] mukhasaMdhikA hI praGga hai / na ki 'udghATa' rUpa honese pratimukhasaMdhikA / [ arthAt pratimukhasaMdhike 'udghATa' se sukhasaMghikA 'udbheda' zraGga bilakula bhinna tathA usase pUrvavartI zravasthA rUpa hai / ] jaise veraNIsaMhAra meM - " he nAtha ! zrApa phira bhI prAkara mujhe bhAzvAsana deveM /
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________________ --------- - --- - - kA0 43, sU0 54 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 113 iti draupadyAbhihito bhImaH pratyAha-- "ayi kimadyAyalIkAzvAsanAbhiH ? bhUyaH paribhavakSAntilajjAvidhuritAnanam / aniHzeSitakauravyaM na pazyasi vRkodaram // " iti kurunidhanArambharUpasya bIjArthasyAyamubhedaH / iti / anye tu gRDhabhedanamubhedanamAmananti / yathA ratnAvalyAM vatsarAjasya kusumAyuva-vyapadeza-nigUDhasya 'astApAsta' ityAdinA vaitAlikavacasA sAgarikA prtyubhedH| yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye___ "sItA-[samantAdavalokya rAmaM ca savizeSa nirvarNya svagatam ] kathamayamanaGgo'pyaGgamAsthAya cApAropaNaM draSTumAyAtaH / prasIda bhagaknanaGga ! prasIda / tathA kuyoM yathA rAma eva cApAropaNAya prabhavati / lavaGgikA-[aMgulyA rAmaM darzayantI] jaM bhaTTidAriyA ittiyaM kAlaM maraNorahagobaraM kayavadI taM saMpayaM dihigoyaraM karedu / [yaM bhadArikA iyantaM kAlaM manorathagocaraM kRtavatI, taM sAmprataM dRSTigocaraM karotu / iti saMskRtam] / draupadIke isa prakAra kahanepara bhImane uttara diyA ki"are aba bhI aura mithyA pAzvAsana denese kyA lAbha [maiM to yahI kahatA hU~ ki]-- tiraskAra sahana karaneko lajjAke kAraNa malinamukha bhImako tuma aba kauravoMkA nAza kie binA dubArA nahIM dekhogI [arthAt aba maiM kauravoMkA samUla vinAza karaneke bAda hI dubArA tumhAre pAsa pAU~gA / usase pahale nahIM] " isameM kauravoMke vinAzake prArambha rupa bIjakA 'ubheda' [svalpapraroha] hai / isa prakAra granthakArane mukhasandhike 'udbheda' nAmaka paJcama aGgakA lakSaNa prastuta kiyaa| kintu anya vyAkhyAkAra 'ubheda'kA lakSaNa anya prakArase karate haiN| unake matameM kisI gUDha arthakA prakaTa honA 'ubheda' kahalAtA hai / isa matako granthakAra bhAge dikhalAte haiM / dUsare [prAcArya] to [kisI] gUDha [rahasya ke prakaTa honeko 'udbhedana' kahate haiN| jaise ratnAvalImeM [anaGga pUjanake avasarapara] kusumAyudhake nAmase chipe hue vatsarAja [udayana] kA 'prastApAsta' ityAdi [iloka] se vaitAlikAke vacanase sAgarikAke prati [udayanake rUpameM vatsarAjakA] prakaTa honaa| [ubheda kahA jA sakatA hai / athavA jaise rAghavAmyukyameM "sItA--[cAroM prora dekhakara aura rAmacandrakI ora vizeSa rUpase dekhatI huI apane manameM svagata kahatI hai] acchA yaha [anaGga] kAmadeva bhI zarIra dhAraNa karake dhanuSake prAropaNako dekhane ke lie pA gayA hai / kRpA karo, bhagavan manaGga ! kRpA karo, jisase rAmacandra hI dhanuSake car3hAnemeM samartha ho sake [anya koI samartha na ho sake / 'lavaGgikA---[agulIse rAmako dikhalAtI huI] he svAmiputri ! jinako pApa prama taka manorathakA viSaya banAe hue thIM unako aba dRSTikA viSaya banA lo [arthAt bekha lo] /
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________________ 1.4 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 44, sU0 55 __ sItA--[ sasambhramaM svagatam ] kathamahaM rAmameva anaGgamajJAsiSam ?" ityanaGgabhrAntyA nigUDhasya rAmasya lavaGgikAvacasA udbhedaH / / (6) atha karaNama [sUtra 55]-karaNaM prastutakriyA / avasarAnuguNasyArthasya prArambhaH karaNam / yathA veNIsaMhAre"sahadevaH-Arya gacchAmo vayaM gurujanAnujJAtA vikramAnurUpamAcaritum / bhImaH--ete ca vayamudyatA evaarysyaajnyaamnusstthaatum|" ityanena anantarAGkaprastUyamAna-saMgrAmArambhaNAt 'karaNam / yathA vA yAdavAbhyudaye dvitIyAGkopAntye "kasaH--[ saprasAdam ] sAdhu amAtya sAdhu / ayameva saMgrahopAyo nAnyaH / tat tarhi vraja tvaM sAmagrIkaraNAya / ", ityanena anantarAGkaprastUyamAna-mallaraGgabhUmiprArambhAt karaNamiti / anye tu vipadAM zamanaM krnnmaahuH| zamanaM cAzIrvAdavazena anyathA vaa| sItA-[ pAvara-pUrvaka apane manameM ] acchA maiM rAmacandrajIko ho kAmadeva samajha rahI thIM !" . isa prakAra kAmadevake bhramameM chipe hue rAmacandrakA laGgikAke vacanase [sItAke prati prakaTa honA] udbhava hai| ubhedake dUsare lakSaNake anusAra ye do udAharaNa yahA~ prastuta kie gae haiN| (6) karaNa praba karaNa [nAmaka mukhasandhike SaSTha aGgakA lakSaraNa karate haiM][sUtra 55]-prastuta [kAryakA anuSThAna karaNa [kahalAtA hai| avasarake anukUla arthakA prArambha karanA 'karaNa' [kahalAtA hai| jaise gheNIsaMhArameM-- "sahadeva-he prArya. hama gurujanoMkI anumatise apane parAkramake anusAra [yura] karaneke lie jA rahe haiN| bhIma--aura ye hama bhI prAryako prAjJAkA pAlana karaneke lie taiyAra ho haiN|" isa [saMvAda] se agale aGkameM prastuta kie jAne vAle saMgrAmakA prArambha karanese yaha 'karaNa' [kA udAharaNa hai| __ athavA ase yAdavAbhyudayameM dvitIya aGgake prAyaH antameM upAntye]-- "kaMsa--[prasanna hokara zAbAza mantrivara zAbAza, yahI [kRSNaka] pakar3anekA upAya hai dUsarA nhiiN| isa lie sAmagrI taiyAra karaneke lie jaano|" isa [kathana se agale parameM prastuta kie jAnevAle mallayugakA malAr3A banAnekA prArambha karanese yaha 'karaNa' [nAmaka mukhasaMSikA SaSTha paGga hai| panya [mAcArya] to vipattiyoMke zamanako 'karaNa' kahate haiN| vaha zamana mAnIrika rUpameM athavA anya prakArase donoM prakArase ho sakatA hai|
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________________ kA0 44, sU0 56 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 115 yathA veNIsaMhAre bhImaM prati draupadI "jaM asurasamarAbhimuhassa hariNo maGgala, taM tumhANaM bhodu / iti / [yadasurasamarAbhimukhasya haremaGgalaM, tad yuSmAkaM, bhavatu / iti saMskRtam / (7) atha vilobhanam-- - [sUtra 56]-vilobhanaM stutergAya'm stute-guNavadetaditi zlAghAtaH prastute kRtye gAya-abhilASasthirIkaraNa vilobhanam / .. yathA veNIsaMhAre 'cazvabhuja' ityAdi zlokAnantaraM "draupadI-nAdha kiM dukkaraM tae parikuvieNa ? tA aNugiehaMtu edaM vasidaM devadAu / [nAtha ! kiM duSkaraM tvayA parikupitena ? tadanugRhNantu etad vyavasitaM devatAH / ' iti saMskRtama] ityanena suyodhana vadhasya guNavattvakhyApanAd bhImasya gAya padaM vilobhanam / idaM ca parinyAsAnantarameva nibadhyate / sandhyantara sAdhAraNyAya coktkrmennoshH|| jaise 'veNIsaMhAra' meM bhImake prati draupadI kahatI hai] asuroMse yuddha ke lie jAte hue viSNuko jo maGgala prApta huA thA vaha tumako bhI [prApta ho| (7) vilobhana vilobhana-aba vilobhana [nAmaka sattama aGgako kahate haiM][sUtra 56]-- stutike dvArA [vastuke prati] abhilASa vilobhana [kahalAtA hai| stutise arthAta yaha [vastu] guragavAna hai isa prakArako prazaMsAke kAraNa prastuta kArya ke viSaya meM abhilASakA sthira ho jAnA 'vilobhana' [kahalAtA hai| jaise 'veNIsaMhAra' meM 'caJcadbhujabhramita' ityAdi zlokake bAva draupadI [kahatI hai] ---- "he nAtha Apake prakupita honepara kyA duSkara hai ? [arthAt saba kucha sahaja sAdhya hai / isalie devatAgaNa tumhAre isa nizcayako anugRhIta kreN|" isase suyodhanake vadhako guNavattAko sUcita karake bhImasenake [usake prati] abhilASa ko puSTa karanA 'vilobhana' hai| isakA sannidheza [mukhasandhike caturtha praGga] 'parinyAsa' ke anantara [paJcama aGgake rUpameM] hI hotA hai| parantu uddezavAlo kArikAmeM ise parinyAsake bAda nahIM rakhA hai| 6 maGgoMke bAda sAtaveM aMgake rUpameM rakhA gayA hai| isakA yaha kAraNa hai ki ] anya sandhiyoMmeM bhI honeke kAraNa ukta kramase [ arthAt anya sandhiyoMmeM honevAle aGgoMke prArambhameM ] kathana kiyA gayA hai| isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki yaha jo 'vilobhana' aGga yahA~ dikhalAyA hai isakA sthAna sAdhAraNataH mukhasandhike parinyAsa aGgake bAda hotA hai / isalie mukhasandhike aGgoMmeM 'parinyAsa' aGgake bAda isako ginAnA cAhie thaa| kintu 41vIM kArikAmeM parinyAsake bAda
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________________ 116 ] (8) atha bhedanam - nATyadarpaNama [ sUtra 57 ] - bhedanaM pAtranirgamaH // 44 // raGgapraviSTAnAM pAtrANAM nirgamo raGgAnniHsaraNaM yena tad bhedanam / pAtrANAM yathAsvaM prayojanavazAditazca itazca gantumanyArtho'pyabhiprAya udyamo vA raGgAnnirgamamApAdayan bhedanamucyate / yathA 'veNIsaMhAre' bhImo draupadyA saMgrAmApAyazaGkinyA zarIrAnapekSe parAkrame niSiddhaH pratyAha--- "bhImaH - sukSatriye - [ kA0 44, sU0 57 anyo'nyAsphAlabhinna-dviparudhira- vasA-sAndramastiSka paGke, magnAnAM syandanAnAmuparikRta padanyAsavikrAntapattau / sphItAsa+pAnagoSThI ra sadazivazivA tUrya - nRtyatka bandhe, saMgrAmaikArNavAntaHparyAsa vicaritu paNDitAH pANDuputrAH ||" iti / / etena hi saMgrAmavicaraNe pANDavAnAM pANDityakhyApanena saMgrAmAvataraNAbhiprAyaH sahadevasya, Atmanazca saMghAta bhedanArtha evopadarzita iti bhedo'Ggam / isako na karAke karaNa ke anantara usakI gaNanA karAI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki karaNa taka ke 6 graGga kevala mukhasandhimeM hI hote haiN| Age ginAe gae zeSa chaH aGga mukhasandhike atirikta anya sandhiyoM meM bhI hote haiM / yaha bAta pIche kaha cuke haiN| yaha vilobhana zraGga mukhasandhi ke pratirikta anya sandhiyoM meM bhI ho sakatA hai / isalie usakA nAma parinyAsake bAda na rakhakara anya sandhiyoM meM bhI honevAle graGgoM ke sAtha rakhA gayA hai| (8) bhedana -- ba bhedana [nAmaka mukhasandhike praSTama aGgakA lakSaraNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 57 ] pAtroMkA [raMGgabhUmise] bAhara jAnA 'bhedana' [kahalAtA ] hai 144 // raGgabhUmi meM praviSTa hue pAtroMkA nirgama arthAt raGgabhUmise bAhara jAnA jisase hotA hai vaha 'bhedana' kahalAtA hai / kisI prayojanavaza pAtroMkA idhara-udhara jAnekA abhiprAya yA udyoga bhI raGgabhUmi nirgamakA hetu honese 'bhedana' kahalAtA hai| jaise 'veNIsaMhAra' meM yuddha meM zraniSTako AzaGkA karanevAlI draupadIke dvArA zarIracintAko chor3akara parAkrama karaneke lie manA kie jAnepara bhImasena kahate haiM "bhIma- he sukSatriye ! eka-dUsare ke sAtha saMgharSa meM kaTe hue aura hAthiyoMke rudhira evaM vasA [ carbI] se bhare hue siroMko kIcar3a meM DUbe hue rathoMke Upara hokara padAti sainika jisameM parAkrama dikhalA rahe haiM, garama-garama rudhirake pAnakI goSThImeM zrRMgAla tathA zRgAliyoMkI zramaGgala dhvanikA vAdya [turya] jisameM baja rahA hai aura [kabandha arthAt sira kaTe hue ] ruNDa jisameM nAca rahe haiN| isa prakArake anokhe saMgrAma sAgarake jalake bhItara ghusakara vicaraNa karanemeM pANDava loga nipuNa haiM / [ isalie isa viSaya meM tuma kisI prakArako cintA mata karo] " isake dvArA saMgrAmake bhItara vicaraNa karanemeM pANDavoMke pANDityako sUcita karake sahadeva ke saMgrAma meM zravatIrNa honeke abhiprAyako aura [zatrunoMke] saMghAtako bhedana karaneke apane
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________________ kA0 45, sU0 58 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 117 anye tu bheI protsAhanamAhuH / yathA 'veNIsaMhAre' "draupadI-nadhi ! mA khu jaeNaseNIparibhavuddIvidakovA aNavekkhidasarIga parikakamissadha, yado apamattasaMcaraNoyAI riubalAI suNIyati / [nAtha mA khalu yAjJasenIparibhavoddIpitakopA anapekSitazarIrAH parikramiSyatha yato'pramattasaJcaraNoyAni ripubalAni zrUyante / iti saMskRtam / ] "bhImaH-ayi sukSatriye ! 'anyo'nyAsphAlabhinna-' ___ ityAdinA viSaeNAyA draupadyAH krodhotsAhabIjAnuguNyenaiva protsAhanA bhedaH iti / anye tu saMhatAnAM pratipakSANAM bIjaphalotpattinirodhakAnAM vizleSakaM bheda- . rUpamupAyaM 'bhedane' manvate iti // 44 // (8) atha prApaNam-- [sUtra 58]-~prApaNaM sukhasamprAptiH sugvasya suvahe tozca samyaganveSaNAdAptiHprApaNam / yathA veNIsaMhAre "kaJcukI-[pravizya] kumAra eSa khalu bhagavAn vAsudevaH pANDavapakSapAtAmarSitena kururAjena saMyamitumArabdhaH / tataH sa mahAtmA darzitavizvarUpatejaHsampAtamUchitamavadhUya kuru balamasmatsenAsannivezamanuprAptaH / ato devaH kumAramavilambitaM abhiprAyako pradarzita kiyA hai isalie yaha 'bhevana' nAmaka aGga hai| anya [prAcArya] to protsAhanako bheda' kahate haiM / jaise veNIsaMhArameM "draupadI-nAtha yAjJasenIke apamAnase uddIptakrodha hokara kahIM apane zarIra [ko rakSAko] porase asAvadhAna hokara yuddhabhUmimeM na ghUmane laganA / kyoMki zatru-senAmeM sAvadhAna hokara hI jAnA cAhie aisA sunate haiN| bhIma---he subhatriye ! [tuma DaratI kyoM ho] 'anyo'nyAsphAla' [ityAdi pichale zlokameM kahe hue saMgrAmake bhItara vicaraNa karane meM pANDava loga bahuta nipuNa haiN| isalie tuma cintA na karo / ityAdi [kathana] se, viSaNNa manavAlI draupadIko krodha tathA utsAhake bIjake anurUpa hI protsAhana kie jAnese yaha 'bheda' nAmaka aGga] hai| anya [prAcArya] to bIjakI phalotpattikA avarodha karanevAle saMhata zatrunoMke phor3ane vAle bhedarUpa upAyako hI 'bhedana' [nAmaka sandhyaGga] mAnate haiM // 44 // / __isa prakAra 'bhedana' nAmaka aSTama aGgakI cAra prakArako vyAkhyA upasthita kI hai| aba Age mukhasandhike navama aGga 'prApaNa'kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiN| (E) prApaNa aba prApaNa [nAmaka, mukhasandhike navama aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 58]-sukhakI samprApti prApaNa [nAmaka aGga kahalAtI hai| sukha tathA sukhake kAraNako bhalI prakAra anveSaNase honevAlI prAptiko 'prAparaNa' [nAmaka sandhyaGga kahA jAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM "kaJcukI-[praviSTa hokara kumAra pANDavoMke prati pakSapAtake kAraNa kucha hokara kururAjane ina bhagavAna vAsudevako pakar3anA caahaa| taba ve mahAtmA apane vizvarUpake pradarzita
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________________ 118 ] nATyadarpaNam draSTumicchati / " ayaM hyartho bhomasenasya kurubhiH saha sandhibhedamApAdayazcAntaH sukhayatIti / tathA bhariNativaicitryArthamaGgAni kavaya ekasminnapi sandhAvAvartayanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre idamevAGga punarnibaddham / tathAhi "beTI - [ draupadImuddizya sAnandam ] bhaTTiNi ! parikuvido vizra kumAro lakkhIyadi / [bhatri ! parikupita iva kumAro lakSyate / iti saMskRtam ] | draupadI - evaM tA avadhIraNA vi meM esA samAsAdi / tA idha yyeva uvavisi sukhAmo dAva nAdhassa vavasidaM / [evaM tAvadavadhIraNApi mAmeSA samAzvAsayati / tadatraivopavizya zruNumaH tAvat nAthasya vyavasitam / iti saMskRtam ] / bhImaH - mathnami kauravazataM samare na kopAda, duHzAsanasya rudhiraM na pitrAmyurastaH / sacUrNayAmi gadayA na suyodhano sandhiM karotu bhavatAM nRpatiH paNena // draupadI - [ saharSam ] asudapuravaM IdisaM vayaNaM, tA puNo vibhA / [ azrutapUrvaM IdRg vacanam / tat punarapi bharaNa / iti saMskRtam ] / " karaneke tejase mUchita kaurava balako chor3akara apanI senAke zivira meM cale aae| isalie deva prApako [ kumArako] turanta dekhanA cAhate haiM / [prarthAt prApako turanta bulA rahe haiM ] / " kauravoMke sAtha sandhi [ke prayatna] ko samApta karanevAlA yaha artha bhImasenake antaHkararaNako prasanna karatA hai [ isalie yaha prAparaNa nAmaka aGga hai] / ukti- vaicitrya sampAdanArtha kavigaNa eka hI sandhimeM bhI zraGgoM ko duharA dete haiM / jaise veraNIsaMhAra meM [mukhasandhimeM hI] isa [prAparaNa nAmaka] aGgako hI dubArA [ isa prakAra se ] nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| jaise ki [ kA0 15, sU0 58 "ceTI -- [ draupadIko lakSya karake zrAnandapUrvaka kahatI hai] he svAmini ! kumAra [bhImasena ] kupitase dikhalAI dete haiM / draupadI - yadi yaha bAta hai to [mere prati unakI ] yaha upekSA bhI mujhako sAntvanA pradAna karatI hai / isalie hama donoM yahIM baiThakara nAthake nizcayako suneM / bhIma - -yadi zrApa [sahadeva prAvi] ke rAjA sAhaba [ yudhiSThira] kisI zarta para [kauravoM ke sAtha ] sandhi kara leM to kyA maiM kruddha hokara yuddha bhamimeM sau kauravoMkA nAza nahIM karU~gA / athavA duHzAsanakI chAtIkA rakta pInA chor3a dU~gA / yA gadAse duryodhanakI jaMdhAnoMko cUrNa nahIM karU~gA / [ arthAt yudhiSTira bhale hI kauravoMke sAtha sandhi kara leM, para maiMne to jo kucha pratijJA kara lI hai usako pUrA karake hI rahU~gA / sandhike kAraNa apanI pratijJAko kabhI bhI na chor3a gA] / draupadI - [ saharSa ] isa prakArakA [zrAnandadAyaka ] vacana pahile kabhI nahIM sunA thA isalie [ isako ] phira-phira kahie / "
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________________ kA0 45, sU0 56 ] prathamo vivekaH ___ iti draupadyA abhipretArthaprAptiriti / / (10) atha. yukti: [sUtra 56]--yuktiH kRtyvicaarnnaa| vicAraNA guNadoSavivekataH kAryaparyAlocanam / yathodAttarAghave"lakSmaNa: ki lobhena vilaDintaH sa bharato yenaitadevaM kRtaM, mAtrA strIlaghutAM gatA kimathavA mAtaiva me madhyamA ? mithyaitanmama cintitaM dvitayamapyAryAnujo'sau guru, mAtA tAtakalatramityanucitaM manye vidhAtrA kRtam / " iyaM ca yukti sthAnAntarabhAvinyapi tApasavatsarAje upakSepa-parikarAntare nibaddhA dRSTeti / rAghavAbhyudaye tthaivaasmaabhirgrthitaa| tatra hi "matisAgara:~yan purA bhaTTArakeNa sAgarabuddhinA vibhIpaNAya kathitaM yathA isase draupadIke abhipreta arthako prApti kahI hai [isalie yaha 'prAparaNa' nAmaka sandhyaGga kA udAharaNa hai| (10) yukti -- aba yukti [nAmaka, mukhasandhike vazama aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 56]-kAryakA vicAra karanA yukti [nAmaka dazama aGga kahalAtA hai| vicAraNA arthAt guNa-doSake vivecana dvArA kAryakA paryAlocana karamA / jaise 'udAttarAdhava' meM"lakSmaraNa [kahate haiM kyA vaha bharata [rAjyake] lobhase parAbhUta ho gae jisase [rAmako vanavAsa dilAnekA] yaha kArya kiyA hai / athavA kyA merI majhalI mAtA [kaikeyI] hI mAnameM strI ke samAna laghutA ko prApta ho gaI thiiN| [jisake kAraNa unhoMne yaha nIca kArya krvaayaa]| athavA merI socI huI ye donoM hI bAteM mithyA haiM kyoMki ye mere bar3e bhAI [guru arthAt bharata prAryake [arthAt rAmacandra ke anuja haiN| [arthAt rAmacandrajIke anuja aura mere guru bharata kabhI aisA anucita kArya nahIM kara sakate haiM aura mAtA [kaikeyI] pitAjIkI patnI haiM [isa lie ve kabhI isa gahita pApako nahIM kara sakatI haiM / isa lie ina donoMke viSaya meM socanA anucita hai| taba phira yaha kArya huA kaise, isakA samAdhAna karate haiM ki mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha anucita kArya devane hI kiyA hai / " isa prakAra kAryakI vicAraNarUpa hone se yaha 'yukti' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| yaha yukti [nAmaka aGga mukhasaMdhimeM] anya sthAnapara honevAlI [arthAt dazama sthAnapara paThita honepara bhI 'tApasavatsarAjacarita' meM 'upakSepa' tathA 'parikara' ke bIca meM [dvitIya sthAnapara nibaddha kiyA huA dekhA jAtA hai / isalie 'rAghavAbhyudaya' meM hamane bhI usI prakAra [upakSepa tathA parikarake bIca meM athita kara diyA hai| vahA~para -1 "matisAgara-svAmI sAgarabuddhine jo pahale kabhI vibhISaNase kahA thA ki
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________________ 220 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 45, sU0 60 'sItAnimittako dAzarathito rAvaNakya' iti / tasyArthasya tadetaccApAropaNaM bIjamupasthitam / kathitaM ca me karaikanAmnA laGkAcAriNA careNa yathA-'bhUmaNDalasyeva rAvaNasyApi sItAyAM prema astyeva, kintu dordoccApAroNe nAyAtaH' / [vimRzya] tannUnamasau pazcAdapi sItAmapahariSyati / " iti / (11) atha vidhAnam [sUtra 60]--vidhAnaM sukha-duHkhAptiH dvayoH sukha-duHkhayorekatra anekatra vA pAtre prAptiH / ekasyaiva vA sukhasya duHkhasya vA prAptiH, vidhAnam / ekatrapAtre sukha-duHkhayoH prAptiryathA-mAlatImAdhave"mAdhavaH- yadvismayastimitamastamitAnyabhAvam , aanndmndmmRtplvnaadivaabhuut| tatsannidhau tadadhunA hRdayaM madIyaM, ___ aGgAracumbitamiva vyathamAnamArate / / ityanena sAnurAgamAlatyavalokanAnmAdhavasya sukha-duHkhAptiH / anekatra yathA tApasavatsarAje kAJcanamAlayA jJAtigRha vArtAvizeSApadezAt vAsavadattAyA viyogaduHkhe'pahna te rAjA smitvA''ha--.. 'sItAke kAraNa dazaratha-putrake dvArA rAvaNakA vadha hogA' / usa bAtakA bIjarUpa yaha cApAropaNa [kA prasaGga pA gayA hai / aura laGkAmeM vicaraNa karanevAle karaika nAmaka guptacara ne mujhase kahA bhI hai ki--'bhUmaNDalake [anya saba rAjAnoMke] samAna rAvaNa bhI sItAko cAhatA hI hai kintu apanI bhujAoMke darpake kAraNa cApAropaNameM nahIM pAyA hai| [kucha socakara] to nizcaya hI yaha bAdako sItAkA apaharaNa kregaa| yaha [bhI kAryako vicAraNA rUpa honese yukti nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai] / (11) vidhAna aba vidhAna [nAmaka, mukhasandhike gyArahaveM aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 60]--sukha-duHkhako prApti 'vidhAna' [kahalAtI hai| sukha tathA duHkha donoMkI eka pAtrameM athavA aneka pAtroMmeM prApti / athavA sukha aura duHkhameMse kisI ekako hI prApti [donoM hI] vidhAna [nAmaka aGgake bhItara samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| eka hI pAtra meM sukha-duHkha donoMko prAti [kA udAharaepa jaise 'mAlatImAdhava' meM mAdhava [kahatA hai] __ "mAdhava-jo [merA hRdaya mAlatIko upasthitimeM] vismayase.. kuNThita, anya samasta bhAvoMse zUnya, amRtameM DubakI lagAnese prAnandaHnimagna-sA ho rahA thA vahI merA hRdaya isa samaya [mAlatIke viyogakAlameM] aGgAroMse jalA huA-sA vedanAmaya ho rahA haiM / " isase anuraktA mAlatIko dekhakara mAdhavako sukha aura [usake viyogameM] duHkhako prAli [eka hI pAtrameM pAI jAtI hai| _ bhinna-bhinna pAtroMmeM [sukha aura duHkhakI prAptikA udAharaNa] jaise 'tApasavatsarAja' meM pitagRhake samAcAra vizeSake bahAnese kAJcanamAlA dvArA vAsavadattAke viyoga duHkhako chipAne para rAjA muskarAkara kahate haiM
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________________ kA0 45, sU0 60 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 121 "dRSTi' premabharAlasAM mayi muhuvinyasya lajjAvatI, kAlasyAhamihAsahetyavirata pratyarpayantI manaH / jAtA devi tadA mamApanayane hetustvmevaadhunaa| ki sandezanavIbhavatkulagRhotkaNThAdhikaM tAmyasi // " atra ca vAsavadattAyAH pravAsAbhyupagamAd duHkhama / vatsarAjasya cAviditapravAsavRttAntasya sukham / ekasya sukhasya prAptiryathA ratnAvalyAm-- "kaztraNamAle paiTThAvehi asoyamUle bhayavaMtaM pajjunnaM / [ityupakrame] [kAzcanamAle pratiSThApayAzokamUle bhagavantaM pradyumnam / iti saMskRtam] rAjA-kusumasukumAramUrti-dadhatI niyameMna tanutaraM madhyam / AbhAsi makaraketoH pAvasthA. cApayaSTiriva // ityArabhya, 'vAsavadattA rAjAnaM pUjayati' iti yAvat / / ekasya duHkhasya yathAsmadupajJe nirbhayabhIma-nAmni vyAyoge"bhImaH-- anyAyaikajuSaH zaThavratajuSo ye'smAkamatra dviSaH, te nandanti mada vahanti mahatIM gacchanti ca zlAdhyatAm / "merI mora bAra-bAra premabharI dRSTi DAlatI huI, lajjAyukta, aura 'maiM adhika vilambako sahana nahIM kara sakatI hUM' isa prakAra [apanA] mana samarpita karatI huI, he devi ! usa samaya tuma ho mere haTAnekA kAraNa banI to phira saMdezase pitRgRhako utkaNThAke navIna ho jAnese isa samaya kyoM duHkhI ho rahI ho ?" yahA~ vAsavadattAke pravAsa svIkAra karaneke kAraNa duHkha hai / aura pravAsakA vRttAMta na vidita honeke kAraNa vatsarAjako sukha hai / [isa prakAra bhinna-bhinna pAtroM meM alaga-alaga sukhaduHkhako prAtirUpa vidhAnakA yaha udAharaNa hai| eka sukhako prApti kA udAharaNa] jaise ratnAvalImeM--- "kAJcanamAle ! azokake nIce bhagavAn kAmadeva [pradyumna] ko sthApita kro| [isake prasaGgameM] rAjA-kusamoMke samAna sukumAra dehavAlI aura vrata-pAlanake kAraNa aura bhI adhika kSINa madhyase yukta tuma makaraketu [kAmadeva ke pAsa rakhI huI cApaSTike samAna pratIta hotI ho [zobhita hotI ho| __ yahA~se lekara 'vAsavadattA rAjAko pUjA karatI haiN| yahAM taka kevala eka sukhakI prApti kA varNana honese yaha vidhAna nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| kevala duHkhakI prApti [ kA udAharaNa ] jaise hamAre banAye : 'nirbhayabhImasena' nAmaka dhyAyogameM [bhIma kahate haiM]-- bhIma-kevala anyAyapara prArUr3ha, duSTatAkA vrata dhAraNa kie hue, yahA~ hamAre ko zatru hai, mAnanda kara rahe haiM, garva dhAraNa kie phirate haiM aura saba jagaha prazaMsA prApta kara rahe haiN| aura hama] jo nyAyakA avalambana kara rahe haiM aura pratyanta saralatAko dhAraNa
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________________ 122 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 45, sU0 61 ye tu nyAyaparAH parArjavadharAste pazyatAmI vaya nIcaiH karmakRtaH parAbhavabhRtastaptAzca vartAmahe / / " sukhasya sukhahetozca anveSaNarUpA 'prAptiH' / sannihitasukhAtmakaM ca ekapAtragatasukhAtmakaM ca vidhAnamiti bhedaH / (11) atha paribhAvanA-- sUtra 61]--vismayaH paribhAvanA // 45 // jijJAsAtizayena kimetaditi kautukAnubandho vismayaH, paribhAvanA ! yathA nAgAnande__ "[malayavatIM dRSTvA ] nAyakaH svargastrI yadi tAkRtArthamabhavaccakSuHsahasra hareH, nAgI cenna rasAtalaM zazabhRtA zUnyaM mukhe'syAH sthite / jAtinaH sakalAnyajAtijayinI vidyAdharI cediya, syAt siddhAnvayajA yadi tribhuvane siddhAH prasiddhAstataH // " . kie haiM so ve hama dekho [rasoiyA prAdike] nIca karmako kara rahe haiM aura tiraskAra prApta kara rahe haiN| mukhasandhike 'prApaNa' nAmaka aGgakI carcA Upara kI jA cukI hai| usameM bhI 'prApaNaM sukhasamprAptiH' sukha-samprAptiko hI usakA lakSaNa batalAyA gayA thaa| yahA~ 'vidhAna' aGgameM sukhaprAptiko vidhAna aGgakA lakSaNa batalAyA hai| taba ina donoM meM paraspara kyA bheda hai yaha prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai| isa lie granthakArane agalI paMkti meM ina donoMke bhedako isa prakAra pradarzita kiyA hai ki sukha aura sukhake kAraNakA anveSaNa jisameM kiyA jAya vaha 'prApti' [arthAt prAparaNa nAmaka aGga] hai / aura [anveSaNa rUpa nahIM kintu] sannihita sukha svarUpa tathA eka pAtra gata 'sukhAtmaka' viSAna hotA hai yaha ['prAparaNa' tathA vidhAna ina donoM praGgAkA] bheda hai| (12) paribhAvanA aba paribhAvanA [nAmaka, mukhasandhike bArahaveM aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM[sUtra 61]-vismaya [kA nAma] 'paribhAvanA' hai| jijJAsAke atizayake kAraNa 'yaha kyA hai isa prakArakA prAgraha, vismaya [kahalAtA) hai / vahI 'paribhAvanA' [nAmaka aGga kahA jAtA hai| jaise nAgAnandameM "[malayavatIko dekhakara] nAyaka [jImUtavAhana kahatA hai ki] [yaha malayavatI] yadi svargako strI hai to indrake sahasroM netra kRtArtha ho gae [samajho], yadi yaha nAga jAtiko strI hai to isake mukhake vidyamAna rahate pAtAlaloka candramAse zUnya nahIM [kahA jA sakatA hai / yadi yaha vidyAdharI hai to nizcaya hI hamArI [vidyApara] jAti anya jAtiyoMse zreSTha hai / aura yadi yaha siddhavaMzameM utpanna huI hai to aba siddha loga tribhuvana meM prasiddha ho jAyeMge [yaha samajho] / isameM malayavatIke saundaryAtizayako dekhakara jImUtavAhana apane vismayako prakaTa kara rahA hai pataH yaha 'paribhAvanA' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai|
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________________ kA0 46-47, sU0 62 ] prathamo viveka: [ 123 yathA vA rohiNImRgAkAbhidhAne prakaraNe prathame'Gke"mRgAGkaH [sotkaNTham] sA svargalokalalanAjanavarNikA vA, divyA payodhiduhituH pratiyAtanA vA / zilpazriyAmatha vidheH padamantimaM vA, vizvatrayInayanasaGghaTanAphalaM vaa|| etAni mukhasandherdvAdazAGgAni / / 45 // [2] atha pratimukha sandhyaGgAnyuddizati[sUtra 62]---vilAso dhUnanaM rodhaH sAntvanaM varNasaMhatiH / narma narmadyutistApaH syuretAni yathArUci // 46 // puSpaM pragamanaM vajramupanyAsopasarpaNam / paJcAvazyamathAGgAni pratimukhe trayodaza // 47 // athavA jaise rohiNImRgAGka nAmaka prakaraNake prathama aGkameM"magAGka utkaNThApUrvaka kahatA hai vaha [rohiNI] kyA svarga lokakI striyoMkI [variNakA] citrita karanevAlI lekhanI [yA 'varNakA' kastUrI hai / athavA sAgarakI putrI lakSmIko divya pratikRti [pratiyAtanA tasvIra] hai| athavA vidhAtAke racanA-kauzalako carama sImA hai athavA tInoM lokoMke [samasta prANiyoMke] netroMkI racanAkA phala hai|" isameM rohiNIke saundaryAtizayake kAraNa utpanna vismayako mRgAGkane prakaTa kiyA hai / isalie yaha mukha sandhike 'paribhAvanA' nAmaka bArahaveM aGgakA udAharaNa hai / isa prakAra yahA~ taka granthakArane mukhasandhike bAraha aGgoM ke lakSaNa tathA udAharaNa dikhalAkara unakA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kara diyA hai| isalie aba isakA upasaMhAra karate hue agalI paMkti likhate haiM ye bAraha mukhasandhi praGga hote haiM // 45 // [2] pratimukhasandhike teraha aGga--- ___ aba isake Age pratimukhasandhike tiraha] aGgoMkA uddeza [nAmamAtreNa kathana] karate haiM [sUtra 62]-(1) vilAsa, (2) ghUnana, (3) rodha, (4) sAntvana, (5) varNasaMhAra, (6) narma, (7) narmadyuti aura (8) tApa ye [pATha aGga pratimukhasandhimeM] yathAruci rakhe jA sakate haiN| arthAt unakA rakhA jAnA aparihArya nahIM hai| kathAvastuko upayogitAke anusAra unako rakhA bhI jA sakatA hai aura nahIM bhI rakhA jA sakatA hai] // 46 // [sUtra 62]-(9) puSpa, (10) pragamana, (11) vana, (12) upanyAsa aura (13) upasarpaNa ye pAMca [praGga pratimukhasanthimeM] prAvazyaka haiM / isa prakAra pratimukhasandhimeM kula teraha jaMga hote haiN|47||
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________________ 124 ] nATyadarpaNamM [ kA0 48, sU0 63 'yathAruci iti vRttavaicitryAnurodhenAtra bhavanti, na bhavanti ca / puSpAdIni punaH pacAvazyaM pratimukhasandhau bhavantyeva / trayodazApyetAni pratimukha eva sutarAM nirbandhamarhanti / uddezakramazca nibandheSu nApekSaNIya iti / / 46-47|| (1) atha vilAsaH [ sUtra 63 ] -- vilAso nR-striyorIhA, mR-striyoH parasparamIhA ratyabhilASaH / yathAbhijJAnazAkuntale mukhasandhAvupalabdhAyAM nAyikAyAM pratimukhe tadviSayo rAjJo vilAsaH / tatra hi rAjA Aha "kAmaM priyA na sulabhA manastu tadbhAvadarzanAzvAsi / akRtArthe'pi manasije ratimubhayaprArthanA kurute // [smitaM kRtvA ] evamAtmAbhiprAyasambhAviteSTajanacittavRttiH prArthayatA vipralabhyate / kutaH - 'yathAruci' isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki kathAvastukI vicitratA ke anusAra [ye pATha bhaGga pratimukhasandhimeM] hote bhI haiM aura nahIM bhI ho sakate haiN| [arthAt unakI sthiti aparihArya nahIM hai] / zeSa puSpa Adi pA~ca - [bha] to pratimukhasandhimeM pravazya hote hI haiN| ye terahoM praGga pratimukhasandhimeM ho sanniviSTa hote haiM [anya sandhiyoMmeM prayukta nahIM hote haiM] / inakI racanAyeM uddezakrama apekSita nahIM hotA hai / [prarthAt jisa kramase yahA~ ginAe gae haiM usI kramase inakI racanA ho yaha prAvazyaka nahIM hai ] // 46-47 // isa prakAra 46-47 do kArikAnoM meM pratimukha sandhike teraha zraGgoMke nAma ginAkara tathA unameM se pA~cakI anivArya sthiti evaM prAThako aicchika sthitikA ullekha karake praba unake lakSaNa prAdi kramazaH prArambha kreNge| inameM sabase prathama praGga 'vilAsa' hai / isalie sabase pahile usIkA lakSaNa karate haiM / (1) vilAsa - . aba [ pratimukhasandhike zraGgoMmeMse prathama praGga] 'vilAsa' [kA lakSaraNa karate haiM ][ sUtra 63 ] -- strI aura puruSakI [ paraspara sammilanako ] icchA 'vilAsa' [nAmaka, pratimukhasandhikA prathama aMga kahalAtI ] hai / puruSa tathA strIko paraspara [ sammilanakI] icchA prarthAt ratiko kAmanA [ vilAsa nAmaka praGgake rUpameM kahI jAtI ] hai / jaise prabhijJAnazAkuntala meM mukhasandhimeM [ prathama aGkameM nAyikA ] zakuntalA prApta ho jAnepara pratimukhasandhimeM [dvitIya meM] usake viSayameM rAjAkA [rati viSayaka ] zrabhilASa vilAsa / usameM rAjA [duSyanta apane isa abhilASako vyakta karate hue ] kahate haiM- "priyA [ zakuntalA isa samaya ] bhale hI prApta na ho kintu merA mana to usake bhAvako dekhakara vizvasta hai [ki vaha mujhe prema karatI hai isalie jaldI yA derase vaha mujhako pravazya prApta hogI ] / kyoMki kAmadevake kRtArtha na honepara bhI [arthAt sambhogAbhilASake pUrNa na hone para bhI ] donoM oorakA prema svayaM rati [ eka apUrva Ananda ] ko pradAna karatA hai / [phira muskarAkara rAjA kahatA hai] -- isa prakAra apane manake abhiprAyake anusAra .
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________________ kA0 48, sU0 63 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 125 snigdhaM vIkSitamanyato'pi nayane yat prerayantyA tayA, yAtaM yacca nitambayogurutayA mandaM vilAsAdiva / mA gA ityuparuddhayA yadapi tat sAsUyamuktA sakhI, sarva kila tat matparAyaNamaho kAmaH svatAM pazyati // " ityAdinA rAjJo ratisamIhA / yathA vA nalavilAse tRtIyAle "damayantI-[rAjAnamavalokya svagatama] kahamesa sayaM bhayavaM paMcabANo? ahavA varAyassa aNaMgarasa kudo Idiso aMgasohaggappanbhAro ? tA kadattho damayandrIyAe aNgcNgimaa|" iti / [kathameSa svayaM bhagavAna paJcabANa: ? athavA varAkasyAnaGgasya kuta IDazo'GgasaubhAgyaprAgbhAraH ? tat kRtArthA damantyA aMgacaGgimA / iti saMskRtam] / yathA vAsmadupajhe kaumudImitrANandanAmni prakaraNe tRtIye'Gke"mitrANanda:---priye ! vaktraM zItarucirvacAMsi ca sudhA dRSTizca kAdambarI, bimboSThaH punareSa kaustubhamaNiH mUrtizca lakSmIstava / iSTajanakI cittavRttiko kalpanA karake premI jana svayaM apaneko dhokhA dete haiN| kyoMki apane manako bhAvanAke anusAra ve yaha samajhane lagate haiN| ki [unakI premapAtrane dUsarI ora dRSTi DAlate hue bhI jo madhuratAke sAtha dekhA [vaha zAyada merI prora hI dekhA thA], nitamboMke bhArake kAraNa jo vilAsapUrvaka dhIre-dhIre gamana kiyA, aura [sakhoke dvArA] jAnI nahIM isa prakAra roke jAnepara jo nArAja hokara [usa sakhI ko] phaTakArA thA kahA thA vaha saba mere hI kAraNa thA / pAzcarya hai ki kAma [yA kAmI puruSa apane prema pAtrake sAre kAryoM meM apanA sambandha hI dekhatA hai|" ityAdise rAjA [duSyanta] kI ratiko icchA pradarzita kI gaI hai| ataH yaha pratimukhasandhike vilAsa nAmaka prathama praGgakA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise navavilAsake tRtIya aGkameM "damayantI-[rAjAko dekhakara svagata apane manameM kahatI hai]-acchA yaha to svayaM bhagavAn kAmadeva [mA gae] haiM / athavA [vaha kAmadeva to zarIra rahita anaGga hai] usa vicAre anaGga ke pAsa itane dehasaubhAgyako sampatti kahA~ ho sakatI hai| [isalie yaha kAmadeva nahIM hai] / isalie nizcaya hI ye rAjA nala haiM] taba to damayantIkA arthAt merA] aGga-saundarya kRtArtha ho gyaa| __ isameM rAjA nalake prati damayantIkI ratikA pradarzana hone se yaha bhI 'vilAsa' nAmaka pratimukhasandhike prathama aGgakA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise hamAre banAye hue 'kaumudI-mitrANanda' nAmaka prakaraNameM tRtIya prameMmitrANanda-priye ! [tumhArA] mukha candramA, [tumhArI] vANI amRta, [tumhArI dRSTi kAvambarI [madirA], [tumhArA] aSaroSTha kaustubhamariNa aura tumhArI mUrti lakSmI rUpa hai| [isa sabako dekhakara aisA
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________________ 126 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA048, 0 63 zraddhAluyugapad vilokitumayaM svApatyajAtaM vigata , ekamthaM viracayya kundaradane tvAmarNavaH sUtavAn / pranimukhasya cAdAvevedamaGga nibndhniiym| ya eka mukhe rasa upakSipyate namyaiva sthAyA, vibhAvAnubhAvavyabhicAribhiH possnniiyH| kAmapAle ca rUpake mukhamandhAvupakrAntaH zRGgAraHpratimukhe vilAsena sa eva vistAryate / vilAsaprakAzakAnyeva cetarANyaGgAni nibandhanIyAni / pratIta hotA hai ki apanI sArI santAnoMko eka sAtha dekhane ke lie utsuka [zraddhAlu] sAgara ne bahuta dinoM ke bAda una sabako eka sAtha milAkara tumako utpanna kiyA hai| isa zlokameM mitrANandakI kaumudIke prati ratikA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isalie yaha bhI pratimukhasandhike vilAsa nAmaka prathama aGga kA udAharaNa hai| isa [vilAsa nAmaka aGgako pratimukha-sandhike prArambhameM hI nibaddha karanA caahie| [isake sAtha yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki jisa rasakA mukhasandhimeM upakSepa kiyA gayA hai usIke sthAyibhAvako [pratimukhasandhimeM] vibhAva, anubhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAvoMke dvArA sampuSTa kiyA jAnA caahie| kAmaphalavAle rUpaka meM mukhasandhimeM zRGgAra-rasakA upakSepa hotA hai / isalie pratimukhasandhimeM vilAsake dvArA usIkA vistAra kiyA jAtA hai / aura vilAsake prakAzaka hI [pratimukha-sandhike] anya aGgoMkI racanA karanI caahie| ___ vilAso nR-striyorIhA' isa lakSaNake anusAra puruSa aura strIko icchA yA ratikA pradarzita karanA 'vilAsa' kahalAtA hai / yaha "vilAsa' nAmaka aGga pratimukhasandhikA prathama aGga hai| isalie prati mukha sandhike prArambhameM usako nibaddha karanA caahie| veNIsaMhAra nATakake racayitA bhaTTanArAyaNane apane nATakakI racanA karate samaya nATyake niyamoMkA pAlana kaThoratAke sAtha karane kA yatna kiyA hai / isalie unhoMne apane nATakake dvitIya aGkameM pratimukhasandhike prArambha meM duryodhana tathA bhAnumatIke vilAsakA varNana bahuta vistArake sAtha kiyA hai| kintu uttaravartI sabhI AlocakoMne bhaTTanArAyaNake isa kAryako anucita ThaharAyA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki veNIsaMhAra vIrarasa-pradhAna nATaka hai / usa meM itane adhika vistArake sAya zRGgArarasakA pradarzana ucita nahIM hai| isasie 'prakANDe prathanam' nAmaka rasadoSa ke udAharaNa ke rUpameM sarvatra veNIsaMhArakA yaha prakaraNa hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yahAM bhI granthakArane usake anaucityakI ora saGkata kiyA hai| unhoMne isa anaucityakA kAraNa yaha batalAyA hai ki mukhasandhimeM jisa rasakA upakSepa kiyA jAya, usIkA poSaNa pratimukhasandhimeM vilAsa prAdi aGgoM ke dvArA kiyA jAnA caahie| zRGgArarasa-pradhAna nATakoMmeM mukhasandhimeM zRGgArarasakA upakSepa kiyA jAtA hai, isalie pratimukhasandhimeM vilAsa nAmaka aGgake dvArA usakA hI poSaNa kiyA jAnA ucita hai| kintu vIrarasa pradhAna nATaka meM, mukhasandhimeM jaba vIrarasakA upakSepa kiyA gayA hai taba pratimukha-sandhimeM vilAsa nAmamAGgake dvArA usakA hI poSaNa honA cAhie / vIrasarasa-pradhAna nATakake pratimukhasandhimeM zRGga sakA poSaNa pradhAna rasake viparIta ho jAtA hai ataH doSAdhAyaka hai / isalie venniisNhaar| yaha prakaraNa anucita hai / graMthakArakA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki yadyapi pratimukhasaMdhike vilAsa aGgakA lakSaNa 'nR-striyorIhA' kiyA gayA hai kintu usakA abhiprAya kevala sambhogakI icchA yA zRGgAra-bhAvanA hI
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________________ kA0 48, sU0 64. ] prathamo vivekaH [ 120 vIrAdirasapradhAneSvarthaphaleSu rUpeSu punarutsAhAdisampadviSayo nR-striyorIhAvyApAro vilaasH| yastu veNIsaMhAre bhAnumatyA saha duryodhanasya darzito ratyabhilASarUpo vilAsaH, sa nAyakasya tAdRze'vasare 'nucitaH / yadAha sandhi-sandhyaGgaghaTanaM rsbndhvypekssyaa| na tu kevalazAstrArthasthitisampAdanecchayA ||iti / (2) atha dhUnanam [sUtra 64]-dhUnanaM saamynaadrH| sAmni anunaye anAdaro manAganAtiH / namo'lpArthatvAt / yathA pArthavijaye. citrasenena saMyate duryodhane satiyudhiSThiraH- "vatsa bhImasena ! ayasa kAlaH zUrANAM khinnAnAM yatra bndhussu| __ ApadgataparitrANama, apUrvo'nunayakramaH / / nahIM apitu prakRta rasake anukUla strI-puruSako icchA yaha artha karanA cAhie / vIrarasa-pradhAna nATaka meM 'vilAsa' aGga meM vIrarasake anukUla strI-puruSoMkI icchAkA varNana kara vIrarasako sampuSTa karanA caahie| aura usIke anukUla grantha maGgoMkI bhI racanA karanA cAhie / bhaTTanArAyaNane isa siddhAntako nahIM samajhA hai, isIlie ve isa prakArako bhUla kara baiThe haiN| isI bAtako graMthakAra agale anucchedameM nimna prakAra likhate haiM vIra prAdi rasapradhAna arthavAle rUpakoMmeM to utsAha prAdikA poSaNa karanevAlA strIpuruSakA icchA rUpa vyApAra vilAsa [padase gRhIta] hotA hai| isalie 'veNIsaMhAra' meM jo suyodhanake sAtha bhAnumatIkA ratyabhilASa dikhalAyA hai vaha usa prakArake [yuTakI taiyArI karane yogya] samayameM nAyakake lie anucita hai / jaisAki [dhvanyAlokakArane] kahA hai ki-- __ saMdhi tathA saMdhiyoMke maGgoMko racanA rasaprayogake anusAra karanI caahie| kevala zAstrako maryAdAkI rakSAko icchAse ho nahIM karanI caahie| isa vacanase aisA bhrama ho sakatA hai ki zAstra-sthiti aura rasa-sthitimeM viroSa ho sakatA hai / veNIsaMhArakArane zAstra-sthitikA pAlana karanekI icchAse hI duryodhana bhora bhAnumatIke ratyabhilASakA varNana pratimukhasandhi ke vilAsa praGgameM kiyA hai / kintu yahA~ andhakArane yaha dikhalAyA hai ki veNIsaMhArakArane zAstra-sthitiko hI nahIM samajhA hai / unhoMne jo rasyabhilASakA varNana kiyA hai vaha zAstrIya maryAdAke anukUla nahIM pranikUla kiyA gayA hai| (2) dhUnana prabadhUnana [nAmaka pratimukhasandhike dvitIya maGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 64] -zAMti-vacanoMkA anAdara karanA dhUnana [kahalAtA hai| sAma arthAt anunaya [vacanoM] meM manAvara arthAt por3I-sI manAsthA [pUnana kahalAtA hai] / make pralpArthaka honese [manAganAhatiH yaha marca kiyA hai| jaise 'pArSavijaya' meM citrasenake dvArA duryodhanake pakar3a lie jAneparayudhiSThira [kahate haiM]-he bassa bhImasena! yaha vaha samaya [mA gayA hai jabaki apane moMte nArAja hue rokA mApatti par3e
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________________ 128 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 48, sU0 65 bhImaseno'pi duryodhana prati yudhiSThirasyAnunayamagRhannAha"ko'yamanekavidhApakArakAriNaH kauravAnuddizyA syAbhAvaH" iti / kecid dhuunnmrtimaahuH| tacca rodhenaiva saMgRhItamiti / (3) atha rodhaH [sUtra 65] rodho'tiHatiH khedo vyasanamiSTarodhAd rodhaH / yathA devIcandragupta - "rAjA [candraguptamAha] tvaduHkhasyApanetu sA zatAMzenApi na kSamA / dhruvadevI-[sUtradhArImAha] - hajje iya sA IdisI ajja uttassa krunnaapraahiidaa| [haje ! iya sA IdazI Arya putrasya karuNAparAdhInatA / iti saMskRtam] sUtradhArI-devi paMDati caMdamaMDalAu vi cuDulIu kiM patu karimha / / [devi ! patanti candramaNDalAdapi ulkaaH| kimatra kurmH| iti saMskRtama] rAjA-tvayyupAropitapremNA tvadarthe yazasA saha / parityaktA mayA devI jano'ya jana eva me // hue [baMdhunoM kI rakSA karane rUpa [unako manAnekA koI apUrva anunaya prakAra [pravazita kiyA jAtA hai|" [ yudhiSThira ke dvArA isa prakAra duryodhanako chur3Aneke lie prerita kie jAne para ] bhImasena bhI duryodhanake prati yudhiSThira ke anunayako asvIkAra karate hue kahate haiM - aneka prakArase apakAra karanevAle kauravoMke prati prApako yaha dayA kaisI hai ?" isameM bhImasena yudhiSThirake zAntivacana yA anunayakA tanika anAdara-sA karate haiM ataH yaha dhUnana' nAyaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| koI [prAcArya] arati kheda yA duHkha ko 'dhUnama' kahate haiN| [kintu yaha ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha to rodha [nAmaka agale aGga] meM hI saMgRhIta ho jAtA hai| (3) rodha aba rodha [nAmaka pratimukhasaMdhike tRtIya praGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 65]-parati [kA nAma] 'rodha' hai| prarati arthAt kheda yA duHkha [prakaTa karanA] iSTake pravarodhake kAraNa rodha' [kahalAtA] hai / jaise devIcandraguptameM rAjA [caMdraguptase kahatA hai] "vaha tumhAre duHkhako zatAMzameM bhI dUra karane meM samartha nahIM hai| dhra vadevI [sUtradhArIse kahatI hai]--- are ! Aryaputrako yaha kaisI karuNA-parAdhInatA hai| sUtradhArI--devi ! candramaNDalase bhI ulkApAta hotA hai / isameM hama kyA kreN| rAjA--tumameM apane premako sthira karanevAle maiMne tumhAre lie yazake sAtha-sAtha devI kA bhI parityAga kara diyaa| aura yaha prajA] jana to mere [prajA] jana hI haiM [unake parisyAgako to bAta hI kyA hai|
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________________ kA0 48, sU0 65 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 126 dhruvadevI-ahaM pi jIvidaM pariccayaMtI paDhamayaraM yyeva tuma parica iss|" ahamapi jIvita parityajantI prathamatarameva tvAM pritykssyaami|| iti saMskRtam] atra strIveSaniha te candragupta priyavacanaiH strIpratyayAt dhruvadevyA gurumanyu. santAparUpasya vyasanasya samprAptiH / yathA vA satyaharizcandre-- "rAjA--devi ! avalambasva madvacanam / atraiva tiSTha / azikSita pAdacArA na zakSyati bhavatI kramitudarbhAGkaravidhurAsu vanavasundharAsu / sutArA--jaM bhodi taM bhodu / ahaM gamissaM / [yad bhavati tad bhavatu / ahaM gamiSyAmi / iti saMskRtam ] rAjA-[kulapati prati] bhagavan ! tyajat hemno lakSaM caturudadhikAThacI ca vasudhAM, sudhAmbhobhiH snAnAdapi samadhikAM prItimabhajam / savatsAmetAM tu pravasanaparAM vIkSya dayitAM, idAnIM manye'haM jvaladanalalIDhaM vapura daH // iti / dhra vadevI-maiM bhI apane jIvanakA parityAga karatI huI usase pahale hI tumako chor3a duuNgii| yahA~ caMdraguptake strI-veSameM chipe honese dhra vadevIko [usameM vAstavika strI honeke vizvAsake kAraNa [apanese anya strIke prati rAjAkI prAsaktiko dekhakara ] atyaMta duHkha aura saMtApa rUpa vyasanakI prApti ho rahI hai [isa lie roSa nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai] / dhruva svAminI magadha nareza rAmagupta kI patnI haiN| rAmagupta bar3A kApuruSa hai| zatruke dabAvase vaha apanI priyatamAko zatruko dene ke lie taiyAra ho gayA thaa| candragupta isa apamAna ko sahana nahIM kara sakA / usane svayaM strIkA veSa dhAraNakarake zatruke pAsa jAkara apamAnakA badalA lene kA nizcaya kiyaa| isa prasaGgameM strI-veSameM upasthita usI candraguptake sAtha rAjA rAmaguptakA vArtAlApa ho rahA hai / dhruva svAminI ko yaha rahasya patA nahIM hai| isalie vaha strI beSadhArI candraguptako dUsarI strI samajhakara duHkhI ho rahI hai| isIlie ise rodhake udAharaNa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| athavA jaise satyaharizcaMdra' meM-- rAjA--devi ! merI bAta mAna jAyo / tuma yahIM raho / [mAja taka kabhI paidala na calaneke kAraNa tuma kuza-aMkuroMse bharI huI vanabhUmiyoMmeM nahIM cala skogii| sutArA-cAhe jo ho maiM to [avazya] calUgI / rAjA--[kulapatike prati bhagavan ! lAkhoM svarNa-mudrAnoM, aura cAroM samudra rUpa kAJcIko dhAraNa karanevAlI vasundharA kA parityAga karate hue maiMne sudhA-salilase snAna karanekI apekSA bhI adhika prAnandakA anubhava kiyA thaa| kiMtu bacceke sahita isa priyatamA rAnIko [vanameM paidala calaneko udyata dekhakara isa samaya mujhe aisA laga rahA hai mAno merA yaha sArA zarIra prAgase prAligita ho rahA hai| . isa zlokameM rAjA harizcandra jaba apanA rAja-pATa saba-kucha dekara jA rahe haiM usa
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________________ 130 ] (4) atha sAntvanam - nATyadarpaNam [ sUtra 66 ] - sAntvanaM sAma kruddhasyAnukUlam / yathA rAmAbhyudaye dvitIye'GkemArIcaH - nAya manuvRttivacasAmavasaraH / parisphuTaM vijJApyate--- dArANAM vratinAM ca rakSaNavidhau vIronuyojyAnuja, vIrANAM khara-dUSaNa-trizirasA meko vadhaM yo vyadhAt / tasyAkhaNDitatejasaH kulajane nyakkAra AviSkRtaH, kuNThaH saGgaradurmadasya bhavataH syAccandrahAso'pyasiH // rAvaNaH - AH pratipakSa pakSapAtina kSudra rAkSasApasada kiM bahunA - tavaiva rudhirAmbubhiH kSatakaThora kaNThasrutaiH, ripustutibhavo mama prazamametu krodhAnalaH | suradvipazira:- sthalIdalanadaSTamuktAphalaH, svasuH paribhavocitaM punarasau vidhAsyatyasiH // (iti khaGgamAkarSati / ) (4) sAntvana samaya rAnI sutArA aura putrako bhI sAtha calane ke lie udyata dekhakara jisa duHkha zrIra saGkaTa meM par3a gae the usakA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa lie yaha pratimukhasandhi ke 'rodha' nAmaka tRtIya aGgakA udAharaNa hai / 'rodha' kA lakSaNa 'prati' hai / arthAt kheda yA vyasana, duHkha, saGkaTa ko rodha kahA gayA hai / [ kA0 48, sU0 66 aba 'sAntvana' [ nAmaka pratimukha saMdhike caturtha aGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 66 ] - zAnti vacana [kA nAma ] ' sAntvana' hai / kruddhako manAnA [ sAma kahalAtA hai] jaise rAmAbhyudayameM dvitIya zraGkameM " mArIca -- yaha khuzAmada karanekA avasara nahIM hai / [ maiM to ] spaSTa rUpa se batalAe detA hU~ ki - jisa vIra [ rAmacandra ] ne strI [ sItA] aura tapasviyoMkI rakSAkA bhAra choTe bhAI [ lakSmaraNa] ko sauMpakara khara dUSaraNa aura trizirA Adi vIroMkA akele hI vadha kara DAlA thA / usakI patnIke apamAna yA mAraneke lie nikalA huA tumhArA caMdrahAsa nAmaka khaGga bhI kuNThita ho jAyagA / rAvaNa -- zrare zatruke pakSapAtI nIca, duSTa rAkSasa adhika kyA kahU~ -- [ rAmako mAranekI bAta to jAne de pahile] tere hI kaThora kaNThase nikale hue rudhira jalase [tere dvArA kI gaI ] zatrukI stutise utpanna merA krodhAnala zAMta ho le| devatAnoMke hAthI [ airAvata ] ke gaNDasthalake vidAraNake kAraNa jisameM muktAphala laga gae haiM isa prakArako [ merI] yaha talavAra, bahina [ zUrpaNakhA ] ke apamAnake anurUpa [ rAmacaMdra ke vadha rUpa kArya ko] bAdako karegI [zrarthAt pahile tujha mArIcako, jo zatru kI stuti kara rahA hai samApta kara lU~ taba phira rAmacaMdra ko mAranekA kArya bAdako kara lU~gA ] / aisA kahakara [rAvara mArIcake mAraneke lie apanI] talavArako khIMcatA hai /
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________________ kA0 48, sU0 360: prathamo viveka: [ 131 prahastaH-- [pAdayornipatya] prasIdatu prasIdatu mahArAjaH / nedamanurUpaM svAminaH / deva ! -lokatrayakSayodvattaprakopAmesarasya te / IzacandrahAsasya bhRtyeSvanucinaH kramaH // [punaH kramAdAha] deva prasIda prAyAdatikramo'yaM na vAmatayA / iti mArIcaM prati kruddhasya rAvaNasya prahastavihito'yamanunayaH sAntvanam / vajramapyatra prasaGgAt prayuktam | "kuSThaH saGkara durmadravya bhavataH syAJcandrahAso 'pyasiH, ityasya pratyakSaniSThuratvAt / (5) atha varNa saMhRti: [ sUtra 67 ] pAtrodho vasaMhati // 48 // pRthak sthitAnAM pAtrANAmoghaH kAryArtha miilnm| varNyante iti varSA, teSAM nAyaka pratinAyaka-nAyikA - saddAyAdipAtrANAM saMhatirekatrakaraNam / yathA ratnA valyAma- rAjA-rAjA sunaGgate ! kvAsoM, kvAsau [ ityata Arabhya ] - isa prakAra yahA~ taka rAvaNa ke kopakA varNana kiyA hai| isake agale bhAga meM prahasta, mArIcake prati rAvaNake isa kopakA zamana karanekA yatna karate hue kahatA hai- prahasta - [pairoM meM girakara ] prasanna hoM mahArAja, prasanna hoM ! yaha kArya prApake anurUpa nahIM hai / deva ! tInoM lokoMkA nAza karane meM samartha prakopavAloMmeM agragaNya ! isa prakArakA zrApake caMdrahAsa [talavAra ] kA bhRtyoMpara prahAra ucita nahIM hai / [ usake Age phira kahatA hai] deva ! prasanna hoM / premake kAraNa hI yaha [ maryAdAkA ] pratikramaNa [ mArIcane] kiyA hai, virodhI hokara nahIM / isa prakAra mArocake prati kruddha hue rAvaraNa ke prati prahastakA anunaya sAntvana [aGgakA udAharaNa] hai / isameM prasaGgataH [agale zraGga] 'vajra' kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai / [ pratyakSa niSThura vacanakA prayoga 'vajra' kahalAtA hai / so isa prasaMgameM] yuddhake durabhimAnI tumhArI candrahAsa [ nAmaka ] talavAra bhI kuNThita ho jAyagI. isa [ mArIcake kathana ] ke pratyakSa ho niSThura honese [ yaha 'vajra' kA bhI udAharaNa hai / (5) varNa saMhAra - 'va saMhRti' [nAmaka pratimukhasaMdhi ke paJcama zraGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 67 ] -- [ zraneka] pAtroMkA samudAya [ ikaTThA ho jAnA ] 'vahuti' [nAma zraGga kahalAtA ] hai / alaga-alaga sthita pAtroM kA 'progha' arthAt kisI kAryakelie eka sAtha sammilita [vasaMhRti kahalAtA hai]| jinakA varNana kiyA jAya ve [pAtra ] 'vasa haiN| una 'varNoM' arthAt nAyaka, pratinAyaka, nAyikA sahAya zrAdi pAtroMkA, saMhRti arthAt ikaTThA honA [varNasaMhRti kahalAtA hai ] hai / jaise ratnAvalI meM - rAjA -- susaMgate vaha kahA~ hai, kahA~ hai / [ yahA~se lekara ] --
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________________ 132 ] nATyadarpagAm . kA048, sU067 zrIreSA pANirapyasyAH pArijAtasya pallavaH / / kuto'nyathA sravatyeSa mvedacchadmAmRtadravam // iti yaavt| atra rAja-sAgarikA-vidUSaka-susaGgatAnAmekatra yojanam / anye tu varNAnAM brAhmaNAdInAM yathAsambhavaM dvayostrayANAM caturNA vA ekatra mIlanaM varNasaMhAramAcakSate / yathA vIracarite tRtIye'Gke pariSadiyamRSINAmeSa vRddho yudhAjita saha nRpatibhiranyairlomapAdazca vRddhaH / ayamaviratayajJo brahmavAdI purANaH prabhurapi janakAnAmadraho yAcakaste / / iti / eke tu varNitArthatiraskAraM varNasaMhAramAmananti / udAharanti ca yathA veNIsaMhAre kacukinA rathaketanapatane nivedite bhAnumatI "aMtarIyadu dAva edaM samasthabaMbhaNANaM veyajmuNi-maMgalugghoseNa / iti" [antarIyatAM tAvadetat samasta brAhmaNAnAM vedadhvanimaMgalodghoSeNa / iti saMskRtam] // 4 // yaha [sAkSAt] lakSmI hai aura isakA hAtha pArijAtakA pallava hai| anyathA [isase] ravedake bahAnese amRtadrava kaise Tapaka rahA hai| isa [sAre prasaMga] meM rAjA, sAgarikA, vidUSaka tathA susaMgatA [prAdi aneka pAtroM] kA eka sAtha sammilana ho gayA hai [ataH yaha varNasaMhRti nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai] / anya [vyAkhyAkAra] to varNo arthAt brAhmaNAdikA yathAsambhava do-tIna yA cAra [voM] ke eka sAtha ikaTThe honeko 'varNasaMhRti' kahate haiM / jaise mahAvIracaritake tRtIya aGkameM sItA-svayamvarameM rAmacandrajI ke dvArA dhanuSa tor3a die jAne ke bAda parazurAmajIke prA jAnepara unake sAtha saMgharSakA prasaGga cala rahA hai| parazurAmajI rAmacandrapara atyanta aprasanna haiM aura unako mAra dene kA bhaya dikhalA rahe haiN| usa samaya anya saba loga ikaTThe hokara parazarAmajIko manAne kA yatna kara rahe haiM / isI prasaGga meMse yaha zloka yahA~ uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| usameM brAhmaNa, kSatriya mAdi aneka vargoM ke prayojanavaza ekatra ho jAnese yaha varNasaMhArakA udAharaNa hai| zlokakA artha nimna prakAra hai-- yaha RSiyoMkA samudAya, yaha [bharatake mAmA kekaya dezake rAjA] vRddha yudhAjit, aura anya rAjAoMke sAtha ye bUr3he lomapAda tathA nirantara yajJa karane vAle evaM purAne brahmavAdI janakoMke rAjA [sIradhvaja] ye saba Apake pravirodhI hokara prApase yAcanA kara rahe haiM [prataH abakI bAra pApa rAmacandrako kSamA karadeM] / anya loga gita prarthake tiraskArako 'varagasaMhAra' mAnate haiN| aura usake udAharaNa rUpameM veNIsaMhAra [ke dvitIya aGka] meM kaJcukIke dvArA [duryodhana ke] rathakI dhvajA ke patana [rUpa azakuna] kI sUcanA milanepara bhAnumatI prAke nimna vacanako udAharaNa rUyameM prastuta karate haiM bhAnumatI- isa [apazakuna] ko samasta brAhmaNoMke [dvArA kie jAne vAle] veda-dhvani ke ghoSadvArA zamana kara do // 48 //
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________________ kA0 46, sU0 68 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 133 (6) atha narma-- [sUtra 68]-krIDAyai hasanaM narma yathA ratnAvalyAma "vidUSakaH-- [karNaM datvA sasambhramaM rAjAnaM haste gRhItvA] bho vayassa ! palA. yamha / edasmiM lakucapAyave ki pi mahAbhadaM privsdi| yadi me na pattiyasi tA amgado bhaviya sayaM yyeva zrAyannehi / [bho vayasya ! palAyAmahe / etasmin lakucapAdapekimapi mahAbhUtaM parivati / yadi mAM na pratyeSi tadAto bhUtvA svayamevAkarNaya / iti saMskRtama] / rAjA--[Akaye kyasya sArikeyam / iti / " tathA"vidUSaka :-bho mA paMDiccagaThavamuvvahaha / edaM deha vakkhANaissaM jA esA AlihidA, sA karaNagA dasaNIyA ya / [bho mA pANDityagarvamubaha / ida devAya vyAkhyAsyAmi yA eSA''likhitA sA kanyakA darzanIyA ca ! iti saMskRtam] | rAjA-vayasya yadyevaM avahitaiH zrotavyam / astyavakAzo na kutUhalasya / ' tathA-- "susaGgatA--sahi jassa kae tuvaM AgadA so ayaM purado ciTThadi / [sakhi yasya kRte tvamAgatA so'yaM puratastiSThati / iti saMskRtam] / (6) narma isa prakAra yahA~ taka pratimukha-sandhike pAMca aGgoMkA varNana ho gyaa| aba prAge pratimukha-sandhike chaThe aGga 'namaM' kA varNana prArambha karate haiN| aba 'narma' [nAmaka chaThe aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 68] ---manoraJjana [kroDAyai] kelie hAsya karanA 'narma' [kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM vidUSaka-[kAna lagAkara sunate hue aura bhayake mAre rAjAkA hAtha pakar3akara vidUSaka rAjAse kahatA hai ki- he mitra, calo yahA~se bhAga caleM kyoMki isa kaTahalake per3apara koI bhayaGkara mahAbhUta rahatA hai| yadi tuma mere Upara vizvAsa nahIM karate ho to apane Apa mAge bar3hakara suna lo [dekho isapara bhUta bola rahA hai ki nahIM] / rAjA -[sunakara are mitra ! yaha to mainA bola rahI] [bhUta kahA~] hai| yahA~ vidUSakakA vacana manoraJjana mAtrake lie hai isalie yaha 'narma' yA hAsya majAka kA udAharaNa hai / ratnAvalIse isI prakArakA eka aura udAharaNa prAge dete haiM vidUSaka-are mitra, pADityakA garva mata kro| maiM to isakI aisI vyAkhyA karatA hU~ ki yaha jo citra aGkita hai vaha kanyA hai aura varzanIyA hai| rAjA-yadi aisI bAta hai to tanika sAvadhAna hokara sunanA cAhie [ki yaha kyA kahatI hai / kyoMki isa kanyAkelie] hameM utsukatA honA svAbhAvika hai| susaGgatA--sakhi ! jisake lie tuma pAI ho vaha sAmane hI upasthita hai|
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________________ 134 ] naahy' [ kA0 46, sU06% sAgarikA--[ sAsUyam ] susaMgade ! kassa kae ahaM AgadA ? [susaMgate ! kasya kRte ahamAgatA ? iti saMskRtama] / susaMgatA---ayi appasaMkide ! NaM cittaphala hayassa, tA girAha edN|" iti / [ayi AtmazaGkite ! nanu citraphalakasya / tad gRhANainam / iti saMskRtam] / etA vidUSaka-susaGgata yA rAja-sAgarikAkoDArtha hAsoktayaH / anekazo'pyekamevAGga nibaddhathata iti tridhodAhRtam / yathA vA nlvilaase| "vidUSakaH-- [lambamtanIM vilokya sabhaya kampam ] bho rAyaM ahaM edAu hANA uhissaM / [bho rAjan ! ahametasmAt sthAnAdutthAsyAmi / iti saMskRtam] / rAjA-kimiti / vidUSakaH--jai esA thUlamahisI kaDiaDaM nacAtI mamori paDedi, tA dhuvaM maM maaredi|| [yadyeSA sthUlamahiSI kaTitaTaM nartayantI mamopari pateta , tathA dhruvaM mAM mArayet / iti saMskRtam] / " tathA-- "rAjA-lambastAni idamAsanamAsyatAm / vidUSakaH-modI laMbattharaNIe dulaM khu edaM pAsaNaM / tA tuma sAbahANAe uvavisidavvaM / [bhavati ! lambastanyai durbalaM khalvetadAsanam / tat tvayA sAvadhAnayopavezyama / iti sNskRtm]|" sAgarikA-[krodha-pUrvaka susaGgate ! maiM kisake lie AI huuN| susaGgatA-are apane prApa zaGkA kara lene vAlI, citraphalake lie [mAI ho na isa [citra] ko pakar3o [yaha tumhAre sAmane hI rakhA hai|" ye saba vidUSaka tathA susaGgatAko [kramazaH] rAjA tathA sAgarikAke manoraJjanake lie hAsyoktiyA~ haiM [ata: 'narma' nAmaka' aGgake udAharaNa haiM] eka hI aGgakA aneka bAra bhI prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai / isake lie tIna udAharaNa die haiN| athavA jaise nalavilAsameM "vidUSaka-[lambastanIko dekhakara bhayase kAMpate hue] he rAjan ! maiM to isa sthAnase uThatA huuN| rAjA-kyoM kisalie [uThate ho ? vidUSaka-yadi yaha moTI bhaisa kamara nacAtI huI mere Upara gira par3I to mujhako mAra hI raalegii|" tathA"gajA--he lambastani ! isa prAsana [kursI para baittho| vidUSaka---bhagavati ! lambastanoke lie yaha prAsana durbala hai isalie tuma isapara sAba. . dhAna hokara baitthnaa| ye maba hAmyoktiyAM narma nAmaka aGgake udAharaNa rUpa meM prastuta kI gaI haiN|
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________________ kA0 46, sU0 66 ] prathamo vivekaH / 135 tathA"vidUSaka :---bhodi ! kiM aidubbalA si / bhavati ! kimatidurbalAsi / iti saMskRtama] / lambastano---maggaparissameNa / [mArgaparizrameNa / iti saMskRtam] / vidUSaka : ---bho kalahaMsA kittiehiM goNehi mudehiM esA idha saMpattA ? [bho kalahaMsa ! kiyadbhi-gobhi-ma taireSAtra samprAptA / iti saMskRtama] / [kalahaMso vihasyAdhomukhastiSThati // " iti / (7) atha narmadyati : sUtra 66]-doSAvRttau tu tadyutiH / doSAvRtye doSAcchAdanAya yat punarhasanaM hAsyaheturvAkyaM sA tasya narmaNo dyotanaM narmadyutiH / yathA ratnAvalyAm "vidUSakaH--bhoH ! ajja vi esA cauvveI viya baMbhaNo riyAu paDiupayattA / [bho ! adyApyeSA caturvedIva brAhmaNa RcaH paThitu pravRttA / iti saMskRtam] / rAjA-vayasya kimapyanyacetasA mayA nAvadhAritam / tat kimanayoktam ? vidUSaka :-bho ! eda edAe paDhidaM dullahajaNANurAo lajjA garUI paravvaso aappaa| piyasahi ! visamaM pimma maraNaM saraNaM nu varamekam // [bhoH ! idametayA paThitam[durlabhajanAnurAgo lajjA gurvI paravaza aatmaa| priyasakhi ! viSamaM prema maraNaM zaraNaM nu varamekam // iti sNskRtm]| tathA"vidUSaka-bhagavati ! [kahie] prApa durbala kaise ho rahI haiM ? lambastAnI-mArgakI thkaavttse| vidUSaka-are kalahaMsa [rAstemeM kitanI gaueM mAra kara ye yahAM taka pAI haiN| [kalahaMsa haMsate hue mukha nIcA kara letA hai|" yaha saba hAsya-paraka vacana haiN| isalie yaha bhI narmakA udAharaNa hai| (7) narmadyuti aba 'narmadhuti' [nAmaka pratimukha-sandhike sakSama aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM] mitra 69]-doSake chipAneke lie [hAsya vacanoMkA prayoga hone para tazruti arthAt] narmadyutiH nAmaka aMga mAnA jAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalI meM-- 1 Saka-are yaha [mArikA] to aba bhI caturvedI brAhmaNake samAna pracAmoMkA pATha kare jA raha hai| rAjA-he mitra merA dhyAna dUsarI ora thA, maiM samajhA nahIM ki isane kyA khaa| vidUSaka-pare isane yaha kahA hai ki durlabha janake sAtha prema ho gayA hai, bhArI labjA ho rahI hai kintu prAtmA bhI paravakSa hai| priya sakhi ! prema bar3A kaThina hai aba to kevala maraNa ho eka zaraNa hai|
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________________ 136 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 46, sU0 70 rAjA-bho mahAbrAhmaNa ! ko'nya evaM RcAmabhijJaH ? atra maursa doSa chAdayitu yad vidUSakeNokta tad rAjJo hAsyahetutvAnjarmadyutiH / anye tu narmajAM dhRtiM narmadhu timAhuH / yathA ratnAvalyAm--- ___ susaMgatA-sahi ! adakkhinnA dANi si tuvaM jA evaM bhaTTiNo hatthAvalaMbiyA vi ko na mucasi / sakhi ! adAkSiNyA idAnIM tvamasi yA evaM bhaturhastAvalambitApi kopa na muJcasi / iti saMskRtam ] / sAgarikA-[sabhrUbhaMgamISadvihasya] susaMgade ! iyANi pi na viramasi / " iti / [susaMgate ! idAnImapi na viramasi / iti sNskRtm]| ete ca narma-namA tI aGga kAmapradhAneSveva rUpakeSu nibandhamahataH / kaizikIprAdhAnyena teSAM hAsyocitatvAditi / () atha tApaH [sUtra 70]-apAyadarzanam tApaH yathA pArthavijaye"kacukI--bho bho lokapAlA: paritrAyadhvam / --. ------ - rAjA-he mahAbrAhmaNa [tumako chor3akara aura kauna ina RcAroMko samajha sakatA hai| yahA~ [apano] mUrkhatAke doSako chipAnekelie vidUSakane jo-kucha kahA hai vaha rAjAke hAsyakA hetu hotA hai / [isalie narmadyuti aMgakA udAharaNa hai] / anya loga to narma [majAka se utpanna ti [aAnanda ko narmadyuti kahate haiN| jaise ratnAvalImeM ___ susaMgatA-sakhi ! tuma bar3I dAkSiNya-rahita ho jo svAmI ke isa prakAra hAtha pakar3ane para bhI krodha nahIM chor3atI ho| sAgarikA-[bhauheM Ter3hI karake tanika haMsakara susaMgate ! tU aba bhI nahIM mAnatI hai / yaha narmadyutikA udAharagA hai / kyoMki isameM mumaMgatAke hAsyavacaname mAgarikAko eka prakArake vizeSa prAnanda yA dharya kI prApti ho rahI hai| isalie jo loga nabhejA dhRtiko 'narmadyuti' kahate haiM unakI dRSTise yaha narmadyutikA udAharaNa hotA hai| ye narma tayA narmati nAmaka donoM aMga kAma-pradhAna rUpoM meM hI nibaddha kie jA sakate haiN| kyoMki una [kAma-pradhAna rUpoM ke kaMzikI-pradhAna hone se unameM hAsya ucita ho sakatA hai| () tApa aba 'tA' [nAmaka pratimukhamavike aSTama aMgakA lakSaNa karate hai . [mUtra 70] kisI iSTajanake [apAya arthAta vinAkA darzana tApajanaka honeme] 'tApa' [kahalAtA hai / base pAvijayameM kancuko-he he mokapAso ! rakSA kro|
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________________ kA0 46, sU070 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 137 eSA vadhU bharatarAjakulasya sAdhvI, duryodhanasya mahiSI priyasaGgarasya / vismRtya pANDu-dhRtarASTra-pitAmahAdIn , gandharvavIrapazubhiH paribhUyate sma // yudhiSThiraH--[ zrutvA duryodhanAnta:pure mahatImapAyazaMkAmAviSkurvannAha ] vatsa ! svagotraparibhavAviSkAraniSThuraH shbdH| adyApyabhrAnta 5vAsi / kaH ko'tra, cApama / [iti cApAropaNamabhinayana sambhramAduttiSThati] iti / ke cittu sthAne'sya anunayAtyo graha-nigraharUpaM 'zamanaM' paThanti / yathA pArthavijaye-- "bhImaH-prAH ka eSa mayi sthite bharatakulaM paribhavati ? ataH paraM na marSayAmi" iti / atra 'ayi vatsa ! svagotra' ityAdi pUrvadazitena yudhiSThirasaMrambheNa bhImasyAnunayagrahaNam / aratinigraho yathA veNI saMhAre yaha bhAratake rAjavaMzako sAdhvI vadha, aura yuddhapremI duryodhanakI rAnI, pANDu tarASTra aura pitAmaha [bhISma] prAviko bhulAkara [arthAt unako zakti prAdikI ora dhyAna na dekara] duSTa gandharva vIroM dvArA apamAnita kI jA rahI hai| yudhiSThira-[ sunakara, aura duryodhanake antaHpurameM kisI bhArI vinAzako zaMkA samajhakara kahate haiM ki ] he varasa [bhIma] ! apane vaMzake apamAnakA kaThora apriya zabda [sunAI de rahA hai| tuma aba taka sthira baiThe hue ho| kauna, yahA~ kauna hai ? dhanuSa-dhanuSa [jaldI dhanuSa mAo] isa prakAra [kahate hue aura] dhanuSa car3hAnekA abhinaya karate hue jaldIse uThate haiM / isameM duryodhana ke aMtaHpura meM honevAle vinAzako dekhakara yudhiSThirakI vya pratA kA varNana diyA gayA hai / ataH yaha 'tApa' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| kucha loga isa ['tApa' nAmaka aMga] ke sthAnapara anunayake grahaNa aura aratike nigraha rUpa 'zamana' ko pratimukha saMdhike aMgoM meM par3hate haiN| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki ve loga 'tApa' ko pratimukhasandhikA aGga na mAnakara 'zamana' ko usakA aGga mAnate haiM / aura isa zamanakI vyAkhyA do prakArakI karate haiM / eka anunayakA grahaNa, aura dUsarI aratikA nigraha, ina donoMko ve 'zama:' kahate haiN| jaise pArthavijayameM [anunayagrahaNakA uhAharaNa "bhIma--are, yaha kauna hai jo mere rahate bharatakulakA apamAna karanA cAhatA hai| isase adhika maiM sahana nahIM kruuNgaa| ___ isa [udAharaNa] meM "he vatsa ! apane gotrake parAbhavakA-sA apriya zabda sunAI de rahA hai" ityAdi pUrvazita [ vAkyameM dikhalAe hue ] yudhiSThirake krodhako dekhakara bhIma [yudhiSThirake] anunayakA grahaNa karate haiM [isalie yaha anunaya grahaNa rUpa zamanake prathama bhedakA udAharaNa hai| prarati-nigraha [nAmaka zamanake dUsare bhevakA udAharaNa] jaise veNa saMhArameM =
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________________ 138 ] nATyadarpaNam kA0 46, sU0 71 - "sakhI--jai evaM tA kahehiM jeNa mhe paDihAvayaMtIu pasaMsAe devadANaM saMkittaNeNa duvAdiparigraheNa paDihaNissAmo!" [yadyAvaM tadA kathaya yena vayaM pratiSThApayantyaH prazaMsayA devatAnAM saMkIrtanena durvAdiparigraheNa pratihaniSyAmaH / iti saMskRtam] / punaH svAvasare ___ "bhAnumatI--[arghapAtraM gRhItvA sUryAbhimukhaM sthitvA] bhayavaM ambaramahAsarekkasahassavatta ! disAbahumukhamaMDaNa kuMkumavisesaya ! sayasabhuvaNarayaNappaIva ! jja iha siviNayadasaNe kiMci accAhida,taM bhayavado paNAmeNa sabhAduNo ayyauttassa kusala pariNAma bhodu ti|" [bhagavan ! ambaramahAsaraikasahasrapatra ! digvadhUmukhamaNDalakukuma vizeSaka ! sakalabhuvanaratnapradIpa! adyaha svapnadarzane yat kiJcidatyAhitaM, tad bhagavataH praNAmena sabhrAturAryaputrasya kuzalapariNAmaM bhvtu|" iti saMkRtam / atra duHsvapnodbhutAyA aratenirgrahaH / iti / (6) atha puSpam [sUtra 71]-puSpaM vAkyaM vizeSavat / / 46 // pUrva svayamanyena vA kenacit prayuktaM vacanamapekSya yadu vizeSayuktaM vacanaM prayujyate tena anyena vA, tat pUrvasmAdvizeSavat / taba vAkyaM puSpamiva puSpam / kezaracanAyAH puSpamiva pUrvavAkyAlaMkArakAritvAt / yathA 'vilakSaduryodhane' "sakhI-yadi aisI bAta hai to kaho, jisase hama loga pratiSThApanA, prazaMsA, devatAmoMke saMkIrtana tathA dUrvAdike paharaNake dvArA [usa duHsvapna] kA pratividhAna kreN| veNIsaMhArake dvitIya praGko bhAnumatIke mukhase du svapnakI bAta sunakara usakI sakhI usa paratike zamanakI carcA kara rahI hai / prataH yaha prati nigrahakA udAharaNa hai / bhAge svayaM bhAnumatI dvArA kie jAnevAle parati-nigrahakA ullekha karate haiN| phira apanA avasara prAnepara __ "bhAnumatI-[ardhapAtra lekara aura sUryake sAmane khar3e hokara] he bhagavan ! mAkAza rUpa mahAsarovarake advitIya kamala ! digvadhUke mukha-maNDalake kuMkuma-bindu ! aura samasta bhuvanoMke [prakAzita karanevAle] ratnadIpa ! mAja svapna-darzanameM jo-kucha mahAbhaya [pratyAhitaM mahAbhautiH] upasthita hunA vaha Apako praNAma karanese, bhAiyoM sahita pAryaputrake lie kuzala pariNAmakA janaka ho| isameM duHsvapnase utpanna praratikA nigraha [svayaM bhAnumatI kara rahI hai / prataH zamanakA udAharaNa hai| (6) puSpa aba 'puSpa' [nAmaka pratimukhasaMdhike navama aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 71]-vizeSatAse yukta vAkya 'puSpa' [nAmaka aMga hotA hai pahile svayaM hI, athavA kisI dUsareke dvArA kahe.gae vAkyako apekSAse jo vizeSatA yukta baccana [bAdako] usoke dvArA athavA anya [vaktA] ke dvArA prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| pUrva
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________________ kA0 46, sU071 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 136 "bhISmaH etat te hRdayaM spRzAmi ryAda vA sAkSI tavaivAtmajaH, sampratyeva tu gograhe yadabhavat tat tAvadAkartyatAm / ekaH pUrvamudAyudhaiH sa bahubhidRSTastato'nantaraM, yAvanto vayamAhavapraNayinastAvanta evaarjunaaH|" atrInagadhaM vishessvdvaakym| yathA vA satyaharizcandra--- "vasubhUti:-[saroSa rAjAnaM prati] na nAma syuH svarNa-kSiti-suta-kalatrANi yatinAM, tadasmai yahattaM tadiha nikhilaM bhasmani hutam / vihAya vyAmohaM vimRza vimRzAdyApi nRpate ! tapovyAjacchanna kimapi niyataM devamidama / / kula patiH-[sopahAmama] are mukhara ! sacivApasada ! cirAd yathArthamabhihitavAnasi / dustapa-tapaHkara kali tasvargApavargazarmaNo mApadezena daivatAnyeva munyH|" vAkyako apekSA vizeSatA-yukta vaha vAkya puSpake samAna [honese] 'puSpa' kahalAtA hai| puSpa jisa prakAra kezaracanAkA alaGkAra hotA hai isI prakAra vizeSavat uttara vAphya] pUrva-vAkya kA zobhA-dhAyaka hotA hai| jaise 'vilakSaduryodhana' meM--- ___ "bhISma [duryodhanase kaha rahe haiM]-- yaha maiM tumhAre hRdayakA sparza karake [ tumhArI zapatha khAkara kaha rahA hU~ ] athavA tumhArA hI putra isakA sAkSI ho sakatA hai| ki abhI gaumoMko pakar3ate samaya jo-kucha humA usako pahile suna lo| pahile [yuddha ke prArambha hote samaya] zastra uThAe hue hama] bahutase logoMne usa akele [arjuna] ko dekhA thA aura usake bAda [jaba yuddha meM garmI prAI to hama loga jitane hI [usake sAtha] yuddha karaneko icchA karanevAle the [unameMse pratyekake sAtha yuddha karane ke lie prastuta] utane hI arjuna dikhalAI dete the|" isameM zliokakA] uttarArddha [pUrvArddha kA vizeSaka honese] 'vizeSavat' hai / athavA jase satyaharizcandrameM"vasubhUti [krodhameM zrAkara rAjAke prati kahate haiM]-- saMnyAsiyoM ke pAsa sonA, pRthivI, putra, kalatrAdi nahIM hone cAhie isalie mApane isa [kulapati sAdhu] ko jo kucha [apanA rAjya aura svarNa prAdi] diyA hai vaha saba bhasmameM DAlI pAhutike samAna vyartha hai| isalie merI prArthanA hai ki isa vyAmohako tor3akara [ki yaha koI mahAtmA hai] he rAjan ! Apa aba bhI vicAra kIjie [isake cakkara meM mata par3ie] yaha to tapasvIke veSameM chipA humA nizcaya hI koI devatA hai jo Apako parIkSA lenekelie AyA huA pratIta hotA hai| kulapati-upahAsa karate hue] are vAcAla ! nIca mantrI ! bahuta dera bAda tUne ThIka bAta kahI hai / duSkara taparUpI hAthake dvArA svarga aura apavarga sukhako prApta karanevAle munigaNa [sacamuca] devatA hI hote haiM /
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________________ 140 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 50, sU072 . atra vasubhUtivAkyAduttaravAkyaM samarthakatvena vizeSaditi // 46 / / (10) atha pragamanam . [sUtra 72] -pragamaH prativAk-zreNiH praznapratipanthinI vAka prativAk / tasyAH zreNiH / apakarSito ve prativacane, utkarSato bahUnyapi / yathA veNIsaMhAre "bhAnumatI-ayyautta ! adimittaM me saMkA baadhaad| tA aNumannedu maM ajja utto| [Aryaputra ! atimAtraM mI zaMkA bAdhate / tadanumanyatAmAmAryaputraH / iti saMskRtam] rAjA-ayi devi ! kiM no vyAptadizAM prakampitabhuvAmakSauhiNInAM phalaM, ki droNena kimaMgarAjavizikhairevaM yadi klAmyasi / bhIru ! bhrAtRzatasya me bhujavanacchAyAsukhApAzritA, tvaM duryodhana kesarIndragRhiNI zaMkAspadaM kiM tava / / isameM vasubhUtike vAkyake bAdakA [kulapatikA vAkya [pUrva vAkyake arthakA] samarthaka honese "vizeSavat' hai [isalie yaha bhI 'puSpa' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai / pahile udAharaNa meM pUrva vAkya tathA uttara vAkya donoM ke vaktA bhiissm-the| isameM donoM ke vaktA alaga-alaga haiM yaha bheda hai / (10) pragamana--- aba 'pragamana' [nAmaka pratimukha sandhi ke dazama aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM][sUtra 72]--praznottara-paramparA [kA nAma] 'pragama' hai / praznako virodhinI [arthAta praznako samApta karane vAlI uttara rUpa] vANo 'prativAk' [kahalAtI hai| usakI zreNI [arthAt paramparA prativAk-zreNi' huI / usoko pragamana praGga ke nAmase kahate haiN| usa paramparAmeM] kama-se-kama do prativacana hoN| adhika to bahuta bhI ho sakate haiN| [usakA udAharaNa] jaise veNIsaMhArameM---- ___bhAnumatI-Aryaputra ! [svapna darzana ke kAraNa] mujhe [aniSTako] zaMkA bahuta satA rahI hai| isalie Apa mujhe [vatopavAsAdi dvArA usa anarthake pratividhAna karaneke lie] anumati pradAna kreN| rAjA-ayi devi ! [yadi tanikase azubha svapnake dIkha jAnese tuma isa prakAra ura jAtI ho to phira] cAroM dizAtroMmeM vyAsa, aura pRthivIko kampita kara sakane vAlI hamArI prakSauhiNI senAoM kA kyA phala hai ? yadi tuma isa prakAra duHkhI ho rahI ho to [hamAre mahArathI prAcArya] broNa [ke rahane se kyA lAbha humA ? aura aMgarAja [karNa] ke [zaktizAlI] bAraNoMkA kyA upayoga huA ? [arthAt ina logoMke rahate hamArA koI kisI prakArakA bhI aniSTa sambhava nahIM hai isalie tumako ghabar3Ane kI tanika bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai] he bhIra ! tuma mere sau bhAiyoM ke bhuja-samUhako chAyAmeM baiThI huI duryodhana rUpa mRgarAjakI patnI ho, tumhAre lie ranekA kyA kAraNa ho sakatA hai| [isalie tuma bilkula mata ddro| hamArA koI aniSTa nahIM hogA /
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________________ kA0 50, sU0 73 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 141 bhAnumatI-ayyAutta ! na hu me kiMci saMkA tumhesu sannihidesu / iti / [Aryaputra ! na hi me kAcicchaMkA yuSmAsu sannihiteSu / iti saMskRtam] yathA vA nalavilAse tRtIye'Gke-- "damayantI-[bhujamavalambite rAjani kramAdAha-] jaI evaM muMca me pANiM | [yadyevaM muMca me pANim / iti saMskRtam] / rAjA--kathamaparAdhakArI mucyate ? damayantI-kiM ediNA avaraddhaM / [kimetenAparAddhama / iti saMskRtam] / rAjA--etena matpratikRtimAlikhya ahamiyati virahAnale pAtitaH / damayantI---[matvA] jai evaM tA ahaM pi te pANiM gahissaM / tava pANilihidena paDeNa ahaM pi etAvatthasarIrA jAdA / iti / [yadi evaM tadAhamapi te pANiM grahISye / tava pANilikhitena paTana ahametadavasthazarIrA jAtA / iti saMskRtam] / (11) atha vajram [sUtra 73]-vajraM pratyakSakarkazam / yaniSThuratvAt pratyakSarUkSaM vAkyaM yacca pUrvaprayuktasyAnyavAkyasya anuSThAnasya vA pradhvaMsakaM tad vajramiva vajram / yathA veNIsaMhAre-- bhAnumatI-he prAryaputra [sacamuca ho] Apake samIpa rahane para mere lie koI zaMkA [kA sthAna nahIM hai|" isameM duryodhana tathA bhAnumatI ke praznottarake rUpa meM prativAk-zreriNa dikhalAI gaI hai ! isalie yaha 'pragama' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai / athavA jaise nalavilAsameM tRtIya aMkameM"damayantI-yadi aisI bAta hai to merA hAtha chor3a do| rAjA-aparAdhIko kaise chor3A jA sakatA hai ? damayantI--isane kyA aparAdha kiyA hai ? rAjA---isane merI tasvIra banAkara mujhe isa prakArake virahAnala meM DAla diyA hai| damayantI--to phira maiM bhI tumhArA hAtha pkdd'eNgii| tumhAre hAthake dvArA likhe gae paTake kAraNa mere zarIrakI yaha hAlata ho gaI hai| isameM nala-damayantIke uttara-pratyuttarakI paramparA hone se yaha bhI 'pragama' aGgakA udAharaNa hai| (11) 'vajra' aba 'vajra' [nAmaka pratimukha sandhike gyArahaveM aMgakA lakSaNa Adi kahate haiM]--- pratyakSa rUpase karkaza [pratIta hone vAlA vacana] 'vajra' [kahalAtA hai| jo vAkya kaThora honeke kAraNa spaSTa rUpase hI rUkSa hai aura pUrva kahe hue vAkya athavA [pUrva kie hue] kAryakA vinAza kara detA hai vaha vajrake samAna kaThora aura kArya-vidhvaMsaka honese 'vajra' [kahalAtA hai| jaise beNIsaMhArameM
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________________ nATyadarpaNam "azvatthAmA -- [karNa] muddizya ] re re rAdhAgarbhabhArabhUta sUtApasada ! kathamapi na niSiddho duHkhinA bhIruraNA vA, drupadatanayapANistena pitrA tava bhujabaladarpAdhyAyamAnasya vAmaH, zirasi caraNa eSa nyasyate vArayainam // " mamAdya / 142 ] yathA vA kRtyArAva dvitIye'Gke"rAvaNa - videha rAjaputri ! vikrameNa mayA lokAH, tvayA rUpeNa nijitAH / sabrahmacAriNamato bhajamAnaM bhajasva mAma // sItA --hadAsa ! appA dAva tae na nijjido, kA gaNaNA lopasu / " [hatAza AtmA tAvat tvayA na nirjitaH, kA gaNanA lokeSu / iti saMskRtam ] anena pratyakSa karkazena vAkyena rAvaNavacanaM pradhvastam / yathA vA raghuvilAse- "rAmaH -- [ virAdhavezaM rAvaNaM prati sAkSepama] - [ kA0 50, sU0 73 yuddhazrAddhamayAH sakuTTima taTIzANA nizAtAzrayAH, devImapyanalambhaviSNava ime trAtu pRSatkA yadi / manantaH pRthupukhapatra pavanairdhammillamAlya zriyaM nibhidyaH kathamiddhako kazaghanAM paulastyakaNThATavIm // " " zrazvatthAmA - [kako lakSya karake] are rAdhAke garbhake bhArabhUta nIca sUta ! [ yaha ThIka hai ki ] duHkhI athavA [tere kahaneke anusAra ] bhIrU mere una pitA [ droNA cArya ] ne kisI kAraraNase zrAja drupadatanaya [ STaSTadyumna ] ke [ apanA zirako kATaneke lie udyata ] hAthako nahIM rokA, [ use jAne de] para le bhujabala ke darpase phUlane vAle tere sirapara yaha maiM apanA bAMyA paira rakhatA hU~ [tere bhItara sAmarthya ho to ] isako roka [ke dikhalA ] / yaha vajra ke samAna pratyakSa karkaza vacana 'vajra' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai / athavA jaise 'kRtyArAvaraNa' ke dvitIya meM rAvaNa - he jAnaki ! maiMne apane parAkramase, aura tumane apane rUpase lokoMko jIta liyA hai [isalie hama donoM sahAdhyAyI hai ] isalie apane cAhane vAle apane sabrahmacArI [sahAdhyAyI mujha rAvaNa] ko [tuma bhI] prema karo / sotA -- zrare nIca ! tUne to apane [ zrAtmA ] Apako hI nahIM jIta pAyA hai, lokoM [ke jItane] kI to bAta hI kahA~ haiM ? isa pratyakSa karkaza vAkyase rAvaNakA vacana [ pradhvasta] kaTa jAtA hai / [ isalie yaha 'va' nAmaka ke dUsare bhedakA udAharaNa huA / ] / prathavA jaise raghuvilAsameM [ kArya-vidhvaMsa rUpa vajjra ke tRtIya bhedakA udAharaNa ] - [virAdhaveSa dhArI rAvaraNake prati rAma kahate haiM ] yuddhakI zraddhAse bhare hue pakke pharza vAlI pahAr3a kI taTI rUpa zAraNa [ para ghisane ]
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________________ kA0 50, sU074 ] yathA vAtraiva- vainateyaH - [ rAmaM prati] ajitendriyaH khalu durAtmA rAvaNo na kSAmyati kalitasaubhAgyasArANAM paradArANAm / tadiyamAryA vaidehI kvacidapi goprayitumucitA / prathamo vivekaH lakSmaNaH - ajitendriyaH khalu durAtmA sUryahAso na kSAmyati pApIyasAM puMsAm / tadiyamA vaidehIna kvacidapi gopAyitumucitA / " iti / anena vainateyavacanaM pradhvastamiti / (12) athopanyAsa :---- [ 143 [ sUtra 74 ] - upapattirupanyAsa: kaMcidarthaM vidhAtu yA upapatti-yuktiHsa upanyAsaH / yathA kRtyAMrAdaNe"rAmaH sIte AtAM puSpakam / sItA - itAsa ! avi marissaM na puraNa AruhissaM / [ hatAza ! api mariSyAmi na punarArokSyAmi / iti saMskRtam ] | rAvaNaH --- AH ! kiM bahunA yAvat kareNa dRDhapIDitamuSTiyantramutkhAya candrakiraNadyuticandrahAsena tvatpuro baTuziraHkamalopahAra Arabhyate / samadhiroha zivAya tAvat / se tIvra dhAra vAle yadi mere ye bAraNa devI [ sItA] kI rakSA karanemeM samartha nahIM ho sakeM to apane dIrgha pukha patroMkI havAse [ rAvaNake] kezoMkI zobhA ko naSTa karate hue atyanta kaThora evaM saghana rAvaraNake ziroMke jhuNDako ye bAraNa kaise kATeMge / (12) upanyAsa - zrathavA jaise yahA~ [ raghuvilAsameM] hI [ isakA eka aura udAharaNa ] - [ prajitendriya ] ''vainetaya-- [ rAmake prati ] duSTa rAvaNa bar3A kAmI hai vaha dUsaroMkI sundara striyoM ko sahana nahIM karatA hai / isalie ina prAryA vaidehIko kahIM chipAkara rakhanA hI ucita hai / lakSmaraNa-- [ to phira hamArA yA candrahAsa nahIM apitu] sUryahAsa [ khaDga ] bhI bar3A duSTa aura [ zrajitendriya apane ] vazameM na rahane vAlA hai / vaha pApI puruSoM ko kSamA nahIM karatA hai / isalie ina zrAryA vaidehIko kahIM chipAneko zrAvazyakatA nahIM hai / isa [ lakSmaNa vacana ] se vainateyake vacanakA kATa ho jAtA hai / aba 'upanyAsa ' [ nAmaka pratimukha sandhike 12veM aGgakA lakSaraNa Adi kahate haiM ][ sUtra 74 ] - [ kisI kAryake lie ] yuktiko prastuta karanA 'upanyAsa' [ kahalAtA hai] / fret kArya karaneke lie jo yukti vaha 'upanyAsa' hai / jaise kRtyArAvaraNameM--- rAvaNa -- he sIte ! puSpaka vimAnapara car3ha jAo / sotA -- zrare nIca, maiM mara bhale hI jAU~ para car3heMgI nahIM / rAvasa -- pracchA, adhika kahanekI AvazyakatA nahIM to le maiM jorase mUThako pakar3a kara candra-kiraNoMke samAna dyuti vAlI talavArako nikAlakara tere sAmane ina baTunoM [ tapasvI brahmacAriyoM ke ziroM-rUpI kamaloM ko kATa kara ] upahAra denA prArambha karatA hU~ / bhalA cAho to car3ha nAzro ,
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________________ 144 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA050, sU0 75 sItA-varaM attaNo sarIrassa accAhida, na uNa navodhaNANaM / iya adhiruhAmi maMdabhAiNI / hA ajjaputta ! [iti rudatA ArohaM nATati] iti / varamAtmanaH zarIrasya atyAhitaM, na punastapodhanAnAma / iyamadhirohAmi mandAginI / hA Aryaputra ! iti saMskRtam] yathA vA raghuvilAsai-- virAdhaveSo rAvaNa:--[rAmaM prati] Agantavo yUyaM, ahaM punarAkalitavipinakuharo vane caradezIyaH / prabhUtAntarAyaM samparAyaM ca rAvaNapramukhebhyo rakSAbhyaH sambhAvayAmi bhavatAm / vadhUvAgurAniyantritamanasazca kuta eva yoddhmlmbhvissnnvH| tadiyamAryA vaidehI kimapi vanakuharamalaMkurutAm / " ___ iyamapahArArthinA rAvaNena sItAmekAMkinI katu yuktirdazitA / iti / (13) athAnusarpaNam - sUtra 75]-naSTeSTehA 'nusarpaNam // 50 // pUrvamupalabdhasya punarantaritasya itivRttavazAdabhilaSitasyAthasya IhA anveSaNaM anusarpaNam / yathA pArthavijaye dvitIye'Gka draupadI yudhiSThiramuddizyAha "draupadI-mahArAya imAhiM yyeva divasaparivattaNa gaNaNAhi kiNIbhadapAya - bhakuve yadukkhamsa me hiya yassa pamhuTTho viya aNajjadussAsaNaNa attaNo kesgghaavmaannvuttNto| sItA- apane zarIrako bhayameM DAla denA acchA hai kintu tapasviyoMko [saMkaTa meM DAlanA ucita nhiiN| acchA maiM maMdabhAginI car3hatI huuN| hA prAryaputra ! [aisA kahakara rotI huI vaidehI puSpaka vimAnapara prArohaNakA abhinaya karatI hai|" __ athavA jaise raghuvilAsameM [upanyAsakA dUsarA udAharaNa]-- ___ "virAdha veSadhArI rAvaraNa [rAmake prati kahatA hai] pApa loga [bAharase prAe hue haiN| aura maiM isa vanako kuharoMko chAnA huA lagabhaga vanacara huuN| isalie maiM rAvaNa prAdi rAkSasoM ke dvArA [Apake mArgameM] aneka vighnoM tathA yuddhoMkI sambhAvanA karatA huuN| [usa samaya strI ke jhaMjhaTameM ApakA mana ulajhA honese pApa unake sAtha lar3anemeM kaise saphala ho sakeMge / isalie ina prAryA vaidehIko vanakI kisI guphAmeM rakha diijie| sItAke apaharaNake cAhanevAle rAvaNane sItAko akelA karaneke lie yaha yukti dikhalAI hai [ataH yaha bhI 'upanyAsa' aGgakA uhAharaNa hai] / (13) anusarpaNa-- aba 'anusarpaNa' [nAmaka pratimukhasaMdhike terahaveM aGgakA kSaraNa pAvi kahate haiM[sUtra 74]-vismRta hue iSTa arthakA punaH anusaMdhAna 'anusa[kahalAtA hai / 50 / pahile [eka bArake anubhava dvArA prApta hue, phira [kira. kAraNase vismRti dvArA lupta hue, abhilaSita arthakA kathAprasaMgake vazase phira dubArA anusaMdhAna [yA smRti] anusarpaNa [nAmaka praGga kahalAtA hai| ase pArthavijayake dvitIya aGkameM draupadI yudhiSThirase kahatI hai...
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________________ kA0 51-53, sU0 76-77 ] pratha baiMka: [ 145 [mahArAja zrabhireva divasaparivartanagaNanAbhiH kiNIbhUta paribhavodvegaduHkhasya meM hRdayasya prasmRta evAnAryaduHzAsanena svAtmanaH kezamahApamAnavRttAntaH / iti saMskRtam ] ! niSpratIkAra- kAlaharaNAt prabhmRtaM naSTamiti bruvatI atha prAganubhava punastamanusmaratIti // 50 // etAni pratimukhasandheraMgAni trayodazeti || [3] atha garbhasandhe raMgAni vyAkhyAtumuhirAti---- [ sUtra 76 ] - saMgraho rUpamanumA prArthanodAhRtiH kramaH / udvego viplavazyetad gutaH kAryaSTakam // 51 // AkSepAvalaM mArgo satyAharaNa- toTake | paJcaitAni pradhAnAni garbhe'GgAni trayodaza // 52|| 'guNata:' iti guNabhAvena, guNamupakAramapesya vA / tena phalodbhedadarzanArthaM saMgraso'vazyaM nibandhanIyaH / nepAdIni tu sukhyAnIti / / 51-52 (1) atha saMgrahaH [ sUtra 77] - saMgrahaH sAma-dAnAdiH sAma-dAne daNDa-bhedayorupalakSaNam | Adizabdena sAyendrajAlAdisaMgrahaH / yathA ratnAvalyAma--- he mahArAja ! inhIM dinoMke parivartanoM ko ginate hue maiM, hRdayameM gA~Tha-sI DAla dene vAle [ghAva yA bAra-bArakI ragar3ase zarIra ke kisI sthAnapara jo kaDo gA~Tha-sI bana jAtI hai usako kiraNa kahate haiM.] duHzAsanake dvArA kie gae apane bAloMke khIMce jAneke apamAnake vRttAMtako bhUla gaI thI / yahA~ [isa kathana meM ] pahile [kezagraharaNake kAlameM] anubhava dvArA prApta aura pratikAra ke binA ho kAlake vyatIta honeke kAraNa bhUle hue [duHkha ] ko isa prakAra kahatI huI [ draupadI ] usako phira smaraNa karatI hai / [ ataH yaha 'anusarpaNa' kA udAharaNa hai ] / ye pratimukhasaMdhike teraha zraGga haiM | (3) garbha sandhike teraha aGga aba garbhasandhike aMgoMkI vyAkhyA karaneke lie unake nAma ginAte haiN| [ 76 ]- 1. saMgraha, 2. rUpa 3. anumA, 4 prArthanA, 5. udAhRti, 6. krama, 7. uga, 8. aura 9. viplava / ye mrATha [praMga] gauraNa rUpameM [mA vizeSa prayojanavaza prayukta ] karane cAhie / 51 / 9. prAkSepa, 10. adhivala, 11. mArga, 12. pratyAharaNa aura 13. toTaka / ye pA~ca aMga garbhasaMdhimaiM pradhAna [aMga] haiN| isa prakAra [garbhasaMdhike] teraha zraMga [hote] haiM / 52 / (1) saMgraha [ sUtra 77] - [ sabase pahile] 'saMgraha' nAmaka garbhasaMdhike aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM ]sAma vAna prAdi [ke prayogako] 'saMgraha' [ kahA jAtA ] hai / jaise ratnAvalImeM ----
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________________ - 146 ] nATyadarpaNam "rAjA - vayasya na khalu kizcit tvayi na sambhAvyate / " iti sAma / saMketAdivArtA zrutvA kaTakavitaraNaM tu dAnam / [bhedo] yathA raghuvilAse paJcame'Gka kramAt pavanaveSo rAkSasaH prAha" rAkSasaH - prasIdatu devaH / rAvaNa --gRhANa prasAdam | [punaH pratIhAraM prati ] barAhatuNDa ! samAdiza kumAra kumbhakarNaM yathA pavanaM kiSkindhArAjye tvaritamabhiSiJca / " eSa dotyArthamAgatavato bAlitanayasya cobhArthaM kRtako hanumatpituH sugrIvAda bhedaH prayuktaH / yathA vA caturthe'Gke rAvaNaH--- [ kA0 53, sU0 77 "yAyAvare kimanena vanecare, mAM sthAvaraM varamupAsva kuraGgakAkSiM / kiM vA stuve tava purazcaturasthitInAM vaidagdhya saurabhavatI bhavatI prakANDama || sItAko vA jAjAvaroM ko vA thAvaru ttivivegaM lakgvaNanArAyapaddhaI vAvikarissara / [ko vA yAyAvaraH ko vA sthAvara iti vivekaM lakSmaNanArAcapaddhatirAviSkariSyati / iti saMskRtam ] | rAvaNaH [saroSaM candrahAsaM parAmRzya ] "rAjA - he mitra ! tumhAre lie koI bAta asambhava nahIM hai / " yaha sAma hai / [ usake bAda usI dvitIyAmeM] saMketAdikI bAta sunakara kaTakakA denA, dAna [aMgakA prayoga ] hai / [bheda-prayogakA udAhararaNa] jaise raghuvilAsa meM paamAGka meM [vArtAlApake] kramase hanumAna ke pitA ] pavanakA veSa dhAraNa kie hue [mAyAvI] rAkSasa kahatA hai "rAkSasa - he mahArAja ! zrApa prasanna hoN| rAvaNa -- [ hamAre] prasAdako grahaNa kro| [phira pratihArase] he varAhatuNDa ! kumAra kumbhakako [merI prorase ] zrAjJA do ki pavanakumArako zIghra [ jAkara ] kiSkindhAke rAjyapara abhiSikta kare / " isameM [rAmako zrorase] dUta bana kara lAe hue aMgadake kSobhake lie hanumAnake pitA [ pavanakumAra] kA sugrIvase yaha banAvaTI bheda dikhalAyA gayA hai| zrathavA jaise yahIM [arthAt raghuvilAsameM ho] caturtha praGkameM rAvaNa [kahatA hai] - "rAvaraNa - he mRgake samAna netroM vAlI sIte / sarvadA mAre-mAre phirane vAle [ zratizayena yati iti yAyAvara: ] isa [ rAmacandrake pAsa rahane] se kyA lAbha hai / sadA sthira eka sthAna para] rahane vAle mujhako apanA vara banA lo| tumhAre sAmane maiM [apanI ] kyA bar3AI karU. tuma to svayaM caturokI sthiti meM pratyanta samabhavAra prasiddha ho / sItA - kauna mArA-mArA phirane vAlA yA kauna sthira rahane vAlA hai isa bAtako to lakSmaNake bANoMkI paMkti hI prakaTa karegI / rAvaraNa -- [ krodhapUrvaka talavArako pakar3atA huA ]
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________________ kA0 53, sU078 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 147 premAvanaddhahRdayaHsarva lekezvaraH sudati ! soDhA / soDhA na candrahAsaH punara ymullunntthvRttaanaam|" / eSa sItAkSobhArtha rAvaNena daNDaH prayuktaH / . mAyAprayogazcAtraiva kRtakaladamaNa sugrIvAnayana-rAvaNasItAghaTanAdiko nibaddha iti| (2) atha rUpam [sUtra 78].-rUpaM nAnAMthesaMzayaH / nAnArUpANAmarthAnAM saMzayo'navadhAraNaM rUpamiva spama / aniyato hayAkAro ruupmucyte| mumbasandhyaMgAd yukteH kRtyavicAra rUpatvena niyatAkArAyA asya bhedaH / yathA kRtyArAvaNe rAmo jaTAyuSamapratyabhijAnannAha--- "girirayammarendreNAdya nilUna pakSaH, kataripurasurezaiH zAtito vainateyaH / aparamiha mano me naH pituH prANabhUtaH, kimuta bata sa eSa vyapetAyurjaTAyuH // " iti / anye tvadhIyate-'rUna vitarkavad vAkyam' iti / he sundara dA~toM vAlI sIte ! premase prAbaddha hRdaya honeke kAraNa laMkezvara [arthAt maiM rAvaNa] to saba kucha [arthAt tumhArI ucita-anucita saba bAteM] saha legA kintu [yaha dhyAna rakho ki luTeroM [arthAt rAma lakSmaNa ke AcaraNoMko yaha talavAra sahana nahIM kregii|" sItAkI urAneke lie rAvaNane yaha daNDakA prayoga kiyA hai| aura isI [raghubilAsameM] meM lakSmaNa sugrIva prAdike banAvaTI prAnayana aura sItA rAvaNake banAvaTI sammilanake varNanaM dvArA mAyAkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| (2) rUpa aba 'rUpa' [nAmaka garbhasandhike dvitIya aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM]-- aneka prakArake arthokA saMzaya [varNana karatA] 'rUpa' [kahalAtA hai| aneka prakArake arthoMkA [eka jagaha] saMzava arthAt kisI ekakA nizcaya na kara sakanA rUpa [arthAta aniyatAkAra] ke samAna honese 'rUpa' kahalAtA hai / aniyata prAkArako 'rUpa' kahA jAtA hai| kAryake vicAra-rUpa aura niyata prAkAra bAle 'yukti.' nAmaka] mukhasandhike aGgase [aniyata prAkAra honeke kAraNa isa [garbhasandhike 'rUpa' nAmaka aMga] kA bheda [spaSTa hai| [isa 'rUpa' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa] jaise kRtyArAvaraNameM [rAvaraNake dvArA mAre gae] jaTAyuko na pahicAna sakane para rAma kahate haiM- . . . - kyA mAja devarAja indrane isa parvatake paMkha kATa DAle haiM ? athavA daityoMke rAjAne barake kAraNa garuDako kATa kara DAla diyA hai| mere mana meM eka aura bAta bhI AtI hai ki prathavA ye hamAre pitAjIkA prANabhUta [ghaniSTa mitra mare hue jaTAyu haiN| . isameM mRta jaTAyuko dekhakara nAnA prakArake arthokA saMzaya dikhalAyA gayA hai isalie yaha 'rUpa' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| dUsare loga-vitarka yukta vAkya 'rUpa' hai' isa prakAra ['rUpa' kA lakSaNa] par3hate haiN|
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________________ 148 ] nATyadarpaNama kA0 53, sU0 76 yathA ratnAvalyAM rAjA kramAdAha "praNayavizadAM dRSTi vaktre dadAti na zaMkitA, ghaTa yati dhanaM kaNThAzlepe rasAnna payodharau / vadati bahuzo gacchAmIti prayatnadhRtApyaho, ramayatitarAM saMketasthA,tathApi hi kAminI // kathaM cirayati vasantakaH ? kiM khalu viditaH syAdayaM vRttAnto devyaaH|" ityanena ratnAvalIsamAgamaprAptyAnuguNyenaiva devIzaMkayA vitarkAd ruupmiti| anye tu-citrArthe rUpakaM vacaH' iti paThanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre sundarakeNa citrasaMgrAmavarNanamiti / (3) atha anumAnam [sUtra 76]-anumA nizcayo liMgAt / liMgAddhetornAntarIyakasya liMgino nizcayo'numAnama / nizcayarUpatvena ca UharUpAyA yuktabhidyate / yathA bhAsakRte svapnavAsavadatte zephAlikAmaNDapazilAtalamavalokya vatsarAjaH [usakA udAharaNa] jaise ratnAvalImeM kramase rAjA kahatA hai bhayabhIta honeke kAraNa mukhakI bhora premapUrvaka [nirbhaya hokara] dekha nahIM pAtI hai gale meM prAliMgana karatI huI bhI prAnandamagna hokara jorase stanoMko nahIM cipaTAtI hai / prayatnapUrvaka pakar3ane para bhI bAra-bAra maiM jAtI hU~ yaha kahatI hai| phira mI saMketavaza mAI huI kAminI atyanta prAnanda pradAna karatI hai| vasantaka [vidUSaka na jAne dera kyoM kara rahA hai [abhI taka prAyA nahIM] ? kahIM yaha samAcAra devI [vAsavadattA] ko mAlUma to nahIM ho gyaa|" / isa [kathana] se ratnAvalIke sAtha samAgamake anukUla hI devI [vAsavadattA] ko zaMkA se vitarka honeke kAraNa 'rUpa' [aGgakA yaha udAharaNa hai| anya [prAcArya] to-- 'vicitra prartha vAlA rUpa [kahalAtA hai|' yaha ['rUpa'kA lakSaNa] batalAte haiM [paThanti / jaise veNIsaMhArameM [paMcama prameM] sundarake saMgrAmakA vicitra rUpase varNana karatA hai [vaha 'rUpa' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai] / (3) anumAna aba 'anumAna' [nAmaka garbhasandhike tRtIya aMgakA lakSaNa prAvi kahate haiM][sUtra 76]-liMgake dvArA [liMgIkA] nizcaya 'anumAna' [kahalAtA hai| liMga prarthAt hetuke dvArA usase avinAbhUta [nitya sambana] ligI [arthAt sAdhya] kA nizcaya karanA 'manumAna' kahalAtA hai| nizcaya rUpa honeke kAraNa hI kaha rUpa 'yukti' [nAmaka mukhasandhike praGga se isakA bheda hai| ___ jaise bhAsa-viracita svapna vAsavadattameM zephAlikA-maNDapake zilAtalako dekhakara vatsarAja [udayana kahate haiM]
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________________ kA 53, sU080 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 146 "pAdAkrAntAni puSpANi soSma cedaM zilAtalam / nUnaM kAcidihAsInA mAM dRSTvA sahasA gtaa|" pUrvAddhaM liMgam / uttarArddhamanumAnam / yathA vA yAdavAbhyudaye SaSThe garbhAve rukmiNImavalokya kRSNAH "asyAM mRgIzi dRzoramRtacchaTAyAM, devaH smaro'pi niyataM vitatAbhilASaH / etat samAgamamahotsavabaddhatRSNAm Ainti mAmaparathA vizikhaiH kathaM sH||" iti (4) atha prArthanA [sUtra 8.]-prArthanA bhAvayAcanam // 53 // bhAvAnAM sAdhyaphalocitAnAM rati-harSa-utsavAdInAM yAcanaM prArthanA / yathA devIcandragupte caturtha'Gke candraguptaH"priye mAdhavasene ! tvamidAnI me bandhamAjJApaya / kaNThe kinnarakaNThi ! bAhulatikApAzaH samAsajyatAM, hAraste stanabAndhavo mama balAd badhnAtu pANidvayam / pAdau tvajjaghanasthalapraNayinI sandAnayenmekhalA, va tvad-guNabaddhameva hRdayaM bandhaM punarnArhati / / " "phUla pairoMse kucale hue haiM aura yaha zilAtala garma ho rahA hai| [isase pratIta hotA hai ki nizcaya hI yahAM koI [strI] baiThI huI thI jo mujhako dekhakara sahasA calI gaI hai|" isameM pUrvArDa [bhAga liga hai, aura uttarAI [bhAga anumAna hai| athavA jaise yAdavAbhyudayake chaThe [ajUke] garbhAmeM kRSNa kahate haiM] netroMke lie amRtake samAna [pAlhAda-dAyinI] isa mRganayanIke viSayameM nizcaya ho kAmadevakA utkaTa abhilASa hai| anyathA isake samAgamake mahotsavake lie utsuka mujhako [apanA pratidvandI aura bAdhaka samajhakara] yaha apane bANoM se kyoM mAra rahA hai ?" isameM kAmadevake bANoMke prahAra rUpa liMgase kAmadevake nAyikAke prati abhilASa rUpa liMgIkA anumAna kie jAne se yaha 'manumAna' rUpa aGgakA udAharaNa hai| (4) prArthanA aba prArthanA [nAmaka garbhasandhike caturSa aMgakA lakSaNamAdi karate haiM][sUtra 80] bhAvoMkI yAcanA prArthanA [kahalAtI hai| sAdhya phalake anurUpa rati, harSa, utsava prAdi bhAvoMko yAcanA prArthanA [kahalAtI hai| jaise devIcandraguptake caturtha aGkameM candragupta [kahatA hai]- . [priye mASavasene ! tuma aba mere bandhanako prAmA [apane maGgoMko isa prakAra] do he kinnarake samAna [madhura] kaNTha vAlI [priye] ! apanI bAhulatAkA pAza mere gale meM ddaalo| tumhAre stanoMkA bAndhava [stanoMke sAtha rahane vAlA] hAra jabaradastI mere dono hAthoMko bAMdha le| tumhAre jaghanasthalakA mAliMgana karane vAlI mekhalA mere pairoMko akara le| kinta pahile kI tamhAre gaNoMse baMdhe hue hatyako bArA bAMdhanekI prAvazyakatA nahIM ,
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________________ 150 ] nATyadarpaNam . [ kA054, sU081 atra rate prArthanA .. tathA kRtyArAvaNe caturthe'Gke sItAharaNa-bhAtRduHkhAcca duHkhito viphalAnveSaNo lakSmaNaH-- "tadapi nAmAyamammavRttAntasya pratikSaNamupacIyamAna-nAyakavyasanabhAjo'bhyudayAvasAnaH saMhAro nATakasyeva bhvet|" atrAbhyudayAtmaka utsavo lakSmaNenArthitaH / kecidabhyarthanAmAtraM prArthanAmAhuH / yayA raghuvilAse kRtakahanamapitRveSo rAkSasaH [rAvaNaM prati-- "vad bhagnaM vipinaM. dhanurdharakalAdakSo yadakSo itaH, zikSA laMghayataH kSapAcarapate yanmUnidattaM padam / yad vezmAni paraHzanAni zizunA kSuNNAni kApeyataH, tat kSantavyamazeSameSa purataste deva ! baddho'liH / / iti / kecit tu prAktanamidaM cAGga na manyante // 53 // (5) athodAhRtiH isameM ramaNako prArthanA hai| aura kRtyArAvaNake caturtha aMkameM sItAharaNa tathA bhAIke duHkhase duHkhita [sItAke] anveSaraNameM asaphala lakSmaNa [kahate haiM]--- ... "phira bhI kyA pratikSaNa bar3hane vAlI vipattiyoMse yukta nAyaka vAle nATakake upasaMhAra ke samAna hamArA bhI abhyudayameM paryavasAna hogaa|" yahA~ lakSmaNane abhyudayAtmaka utkarSakI kAmanA-prArthanA kI hai| [prataH yaha 'prArthanA' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai| kucha loga abhyarthanAmAtra [arthAt pratyeka prakArakI yAcanA ko 'prArthanA' kahate haiM / jaise raghukliAsameM hanumAnake pitA [arthAt pavanakumAra kA banAvaTI veSa dhAraNa karanevAlA rAkSasa [rAvaraNake prati kahatA hai] - [mere putra hanumAnane laMkAmeM Akara] jo udyAna ujAr3A, aura dhanurgharoMko kalAmeM dakSa prakSakumAroMko mArA, aura zikSAkA ullaMghana karanevAle rAkSasarAjake sirapara jo paira rakhA, tathA vAnarabhAvake kAraNa [kApeyataH] mere baccene jo saMkar3oM ghara jalA DAle, he deva ! . usa sabako kSamA kreN| maiM [ usakA pitA ] aApake sAmane yaha maiM hAtha jor3atA huuN| ____ isameM pavanakumArakA veSa dhAraNa kie hue mAyAvI rAkSasa, jo rAvaNase hanumAnako "kSamA karanekI yAcanA kara rahA hai usako bhI 'prArthanA' aGga kahA jA sakatA hai| ___ koI [prAcArya] to isase pahile [arthAt anumAnako] pora isako [arthAt prArthanA] ko jaMga nahIM mAnate haiN| (5) udAhRti aba 'udAhRti' nAmaka garbhasaMdhike paJcama aMgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 81}---[kisIke] samutkarSa [kA varNana] 'uvAhati' [kahalAtA hai
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________________ kA0 54, sU082 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 151 lokaprasiddhavastvapekSayA yaH samutkarSaH sagutkRSTo'rthaH sa utkarSAharaNAdudAhRtiH / yathA ratnAvalyA... "rAjA---aho mahadAzcaryam - manaH prakRtyaiva calaM durlakSaM ca tathApi me| ___ kAmenedaM kathaM viddhaM samaM sarvaiH zilImusvaiH / / atretaradhanvibhyo manmathasya yugapat sarvaiH zaraiH svabhAvacapala-durlakSamanovedhena smutkrssH| (6) atha kramaH-- sUtra 82]-kramo bhAvasya nirNayaH / bhAvasya parAbhiprAyasya, athavA bhAgyamAnasyArthasya Uha-pratibhAdivazAnirNayo yathAvasthitarUpanizcayaH 'krama' / vuddhistatra kramate, na pratihanyase ityrthH| yathA devIcandragupte"candragupta:---dhruvadevIM dRSTvA svagatamAha] iyamapi devI tiSThati / yaiSA ramyAM cAratikAriNI ca karUNAM zophena nItA dazAM, tatkAlopagatena rAhuziramA gupteva cAndrI klaa| patyuH klIbajanocitena caritenAnena esa: satI, lajjA-kopa-viSAda-bhItyaratibhiH kSetrIkRtA tAmyati // " mokaprasiddha [sAmAnya] vastunoMkI apekSA [kisI vastukA] jo samutkarSa hai vaha utkarSa kA prAharaNa [karanevAlA honese 'udAhRti' [kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM "rAjA-are ! aho ! bar3e prAzcaryakI bAta hai ki mana to svabhAvataH hI ghaJcala aura na dikhalAI denevAlA hai| phira bhI kAmadevane mere usa manako eka sAtha hI apane sAre vAraNoMse viddha kara diyA hai|" yahA~ svabhAvataH caJcala aura ne dikhalAI denevAle manako eka sAtha hI sAre vAraNoMse vedha deneke kAraNa anya dhanurdhAriyoMko apekSA 'kAmadevakA utkarSa variNata honese yaha 'samutkarSa' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai| (6) krama-- aba 'krama' [nAmaka garbhasaMdhike SaSTha aMgakA lakSaNa karate haiM[sUtra 82]-bhAvakA nizcaya 'krama [kahalAtA hai bhAva arthAt dUsareke abhiprAyakA, athavA UhA, pratibhA pAbike dvArA bhAgyamAna [vicAra prAdimeM nimagna aryake yathAvasthita rUpa mAvikA nizcaya 'kama' [kahalAtA hai| usake viSayameM buddhi kramaNa karatI hai [calatI hai|] pratihata nahIM hotI hai isalie usako 'krama' kahate haiM / jaise devo candragupta meM "candragupta - [dhravadevIkI mora dekhakara] yaha devI bhI baiThI hai mo-- tatkAla pAe hue rAhuke zirake dvArA kavalitakI huI candramAko kalAke samAna zoka ke kAraNa ramya hone para bhI du ladAyinI karuNa avasthAko prAsa, patike puruSa hone para bhI napuMsakoM-jaise isa prAcaraNase lajjA, kopa, viSAda, bhaya paratise masta duHkhI ho rahI hai|
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________________ 152 ] nATyadapam atra dhruvadevyabhiprAyasya candraguptena nizcayaH / tathA ratnAvalyAm - hiyA sarvasyAsau harati viditAsmIti vadanaM dvayordaSTavAlApaM kalayati kathAmAtmaviSayAm / sakhISu smerAsu prakaTayati vailakSyamadhikaM, priyA prAyeNAste hRdayanihitAtaMka vidhurA // zratra rAjJA bhAvyamAnAyAH sAgarikAyAH svarUpAvasthAnirNayaH kRtaH / anye tu - ' kramaH sazcintyamAnAptiH' ityAhuH / yathA ratnAvalyAmavatsarAjasya sAgarikAsamAgamamabhilaSato vidUSakeNopavane yojanam / anye tu bhaviSyadarthatattvopalabdhiM kramamicchanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre"kRpaH - rAjana duryodhana ! mahAn khalu droNaputreNa vodumadhyavasitaH samarabhAraH / bhavatA ca kRtaparikaro'yamucchettu lokatrayamapi samarthaH / kiM punaretad yudhiSThirabalam / " iti / (7) athodvega: [ sUtra 83 ] - udvego bhIH caura nRpa ari-nAyikAdibhyo bhayamudvegaH / yathA zramAtyazaMkukaviracite citrotpalAvalambita ke prakaraNe pazrcame'Gke [ kA0 54, sU0 83 yahA~ dhruvadevIke abhiprAyakA candraguptake dvArA nizcaya [honese 'krama' kA udAharaNa ] hai / isI prakAra ratnAvalImeM "saba logoMko [merA vatsarAjake prati prema] vidita ho gayA hai aisA samajha kara [ sAgafrer] sabase mukha chipAtI hai, [kahIM] do janoMko bAta karate dekhakara yaha samajhatI hai ki ye loga mere viSayameM hI bAta kara rahe haiM / sakhiyoMke muskarAnepara aura bhI adhika zarmA jAtI hai / isa prakAra priyA [ sAgarikA ] prAyaH hRdaya meM baiThe hue bhayase pIr3ita rahatI hai / " isameM rAjAne bhAvyamAna sAgarikAke svarUpa tathA zravasthAkA nirNaya kiyA hai [ isa lie yaha bhI 'krama' nAmaka zraGgakA udAharaNa hai ] / anya loga to 'saJcintyamAna arthakI prAptiko 'krama' kahate haiN| jaMke ratnAvalImeM sAgarikA samAgamako cAhane vAle vatsarAjako upavana meM vidUSaka ke dvArA [ sAgarikAke sAtha ] milA denA / [ yojanA sacintyamAna zrarthakI prApti rUpa hone se 'krama' aGga haiM) / anya loga zrAge hone vAle arthatattvake jJAnako 'krama' kahate haiM / jaise veNIsaMhAra meM"kRpa - he rAjan duryodhana ! droNake putra [ azvatthAmA] ne mahAn yuddhake bhArako graharaNa karanekA nizcaya kiyA | Apake dvArA [senApati padapara] prabhiSikta kie jAnepara vaha tInoM lokoM kA nAza karanemeM bhI samartha ho sakatA hai| isa yudhiSThirakI senAkI to bAta hI kyA hai / (7) udvega aba 'udvega' [nAmaka garbhasandhike saptama zraGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiN|]-- [ sUtra 83 [ --bhaya [ kA nAma ] 'udvega' hai / caura, rAjA, zatru prathavA nAyikA zrAdise bhaya 'udvega' [kahalAtA ] hai / jaise pramAtya
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________________ kA0 54, sU0 83] prathama vivekaH [ 153 " [nepathye sacItkAram ] girahedha le girahedha veDhedha le veDhedha / [sarve sabhayamavalokayanti ] | [gRhNIta re gRhNIta veSTadhvaM re vebrudhvam / iti saMskRtam ] / sthavira :- hA dhik kaSTaM, dasyavaH sampatanti / kimatra zaraNaM prapadyemahi / " atra nAyikA-sakhI-sthavirAdInAM rAjagRha maGga ena vidrutAnAM dasyubhyo bhayam // tathA mRcchakaTyAM sArthavAhacArudattasya cauryAbhizApajaM nRpAd bhayam / tathA veNIsaMhAre paJcame'Gke [nepathye kalakalAnantarama] - "bho bho duryodhanAnujIvinaH kauravabhaTAH kimidamasmad bhayAdyathAyathaM saJcaranti bhavantaH / dhRtarASTra : - [ sAzaMkram ] saJjaya ! jJAyatAM kimetaditi / saJjaya : - [ utthAya nepathyAbhimukhamavalokya ] tAta ! mahArAja ! prAptAvekarathArUDhau pRcchantau tvAmitastataH / sarve - (sAzaMkam ) kazca kazca -- saJjaya:-- sa karNAriH sa ca krUro vRkakarmA vRkodaraH / / gAndhArI - jAda kiM saMpadaM avalaMvaNaM iti / [jAta kiM sAmpratamavalambanam / iti saMskRtam ] etadaribhayam / tathA ratnAvalyAm- zaMkuka viracita 'citrotpalAcalambitaka' nAmaka prakararaNa ke pacamAMka --- " [nepathyameM cItkAra karate hue ] pakar3o re pakar3o, bAMdho re baaNdho| [saba loga bhayabhIta hAkara dekhane lagate haiM] / vRddha - hAya DAkU zrA rahe haiN| yahA~ kisakI zaraNa meM jAya / " isameM rAjagRha ke bhaMga ho jAnese bhAge hue nAyikA, sakhI tathA sthavira Adi ko DAkunoM bhaya [variNata huA hai ataH yaha 'udvega' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa ] hai / isI prakAra mRcchakaTikameM sArthavAha cArudattako cauke zrabhizApa se utpanna rAjAse bhaya [udvegakA udAharaNa hai ] / isI prakAra veNIsaMhArameM pazvama zraGkameM " [nepathya meM kolAhalake pranantara] are re duryodhanake anuyAyI kaurava vIro ! hamAre bhayake mAre tuma idhara-udhara kyoM bhAga rahe ho ? dhRtarASTra - [sazaMka zokara ] saJjaya ! dekho to kyA bAta hai / saJjaya - [ uTha kara aura nepathyakI zrora dekha kara ] tAta mahArAja ! cApako idhara-udhara pUchate hue eka rathapara baiThe hue donoM A gae haiM / saba loga - [bhayabhIta hokara ] kauna kauna ? saJjaya - - vaha karNakA zatru [arjuna] aura vaha bher3iyAke samAna karma vAlA bhIma / gAndhArI -- are beTA ! aba kyA sahArA ho sakatA hai ? yaha zatrubhaya [kA udAharaNa ] hai / isI prakAra ratnAvalImeM-
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________________ 154 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA054, su084 sAgarikA-vara dANiM ahaM sayaM yyeva attANayaM ubadhaiya uvrdaa| na uNa jANisaMkedabusaMtAe devIe susaMgadA viya paribhUda mhi / tA jAva idha asoe gadana jahAsamIhidaM krissN|" [paramidAnImahaM svayamevAtmAnamudvadhyoparatA / na punatisaMketavRttAntayA devyA susaMgatava paribhUtAsmi / tad yAvatrAzoke gatvA yathAsamIhitaM krissye| iti sNskRtm]| atra nAyikAto bhayam / (6) atha vidrava : bhitra 84]--dravaH zaMkA bhaya-trAsakAriNo vastuno yA zaMkA'pAyakArakatvasambhAvanA sA dravati ranathIbhavati hRdayamanayeti 'dravaH' / upanataM bhayamudvegaH / tatsambhAvanA tu vidravaH / yathA kRtyArAvaNa SaSThe'Gke zAntigRhasthe rAvaNe-- "[nepathye hA ajjautta ! parittAyAhi parittAyAhi / [hA Aryaputra ! paritrAyamva, paritrAyasva / iti saMskRtam ] / pratihArI-zrutvA sasambhramamAtmagatam] ammo bhaTTiNI cikaMdahi / [prakAzam ] bhaTTA aMteure mahato kalaya kalo maNIyadi / [aho bhI evAkrandati / bhartaH ! antaHpure mahAn kalakalaH zrUyate / iti sNskRtm]| __ rAvaNaH-jJAyatAM kimetat / " iti / sAgarikA-pracchA ho ki aba maiM svayaM apane-Apa phAMsI lagA kara mara jAU~ tAki saMketa [milana ke samAcArako jAna, jAne vAlI rAnI [vAsavadattA] ke dvArA susaMgatAke samAna apamAnita na honA pdd'e| isalie isa zoka ke pAsa jAkara apanI isahAkI pUrti karatI huuN| yaha nAyikAse bhaya [kA udAharaNa hai| (8) vidrava aba 'vidrava' [nAmaka garbhasandhike aSTama aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM]--- [sUtra 84]--zaMkA 'drava' [nAmase kahI jAtI hai| bhaya yA trAsa utpanna karane vAlI vastuse jo zaMkA arthAt vinAza yA aniSTa karane ko sambhAvanA, vaha, jisase hRdaya dravita arthAt zithila hotA hai [isa vyutpatti anusAra] 'va' kahalAtI hai| [prAge 'udvega' nAmapha pUrvokta Ggase isa 'drava' kA bheda dikhalAte haiM / zrA jAne vAlA bhaya 'udvega' kahalAtA hai aura [bhAge Ane vAle bhayakI] sambhAvanA drava [nAmase kahI jAtI hai| [yaha udvega' tathA 'drava' ina donoM aGgokA leDa hai| jaise kRtyArAvaraNa meM SaSThAMkameM rAvaNake zAntigRhameM baiThe honepara --- "nepathyama] hA Aryaputra ! bacAno bcaano| pratIhArI--[sunakara bhayabhIta hokara apane manameM] are yaha to svAminI hI cillA rahI hai| [prakAzameM] he svAmin ! antaHpura meM bar3A kolAhala sunAI de rahA hai| rAvaraNa---[jAkara dekho yaha kyA bAta hai /
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________________ kA054, sU0 85 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 155 ___ atra rAvaNasya shNkaa| ye tvatra zaMkA trAsarUpaM sasambhramamaMgamAhuH tad vidrava-udvegAbhyAM gatAmiti / (8) athAkSepaH [sUtra 85]--AkSepo bIjaprakAzanam // 54 / / prAptyAzAvasthAnibaddhasya bIjasya mukhakAryopAyasya prakAzana prakarSaNa! virbhAnaM aakssepH| yathA veNIsaMhAre sUtaH "dattvA droNena pArthAdabhayamapi na saMrakSita: sindhurAja, krUraMduHzAsane'smina iMriNa iva kRtaM bhImasenena karma / duHsAdhyAmapyarINAM laghumiva samare pUrayitvA pratijJAM, nAhaM manye sakAmaM kurukula vimukhaM devametAvatApi // " atra pANDavAna rAjyaprAptirUpakAryopAyasyonmukhyAviSkara gAM kRtama / yahA~ rAvaraNako [bhayako zaMkA hai [isalie yaha nidrava' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| jo loga yahA~ trAsa rUpa zaMkAko saMsambhrama garbhasandhiko 14vAM] aGga kahate haiM [vaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki vaha 'vidva' prabhavA 'udvega' ke hI antargata ho jAtA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki kihIM prAcAryone marbhasandhike ina teraha aGgoM ke pratirikta 'sambhrama' ko bhI garbhasandhikA covhavA~ aMga mAnA hai| kintu pratyakAra unake isa matase sahamata nahIM hai / 'sambhrama' ko garbhasandhikA praga mAnane vAloMne usakA lakSaraMga, trAsa rUpa zaMkA ko 'sambhrama' kahate haiM isa prakAra kiyA hai.| granthakArakA kahanA yaha hai ki yadi trAsa arthAta bhayako 'sambhrama' mAnA jAya to vaha to 'udvego bhI: isa lakSaNa vAle udvegake antargata ho jAtA hai| aura yadi zaMkAko 'sasambhrama' kahA jAya to vaha 'vidravaH zaMkA' isa lakSaNa vAle 'vidrava' aGgake antargata ho jAtA hai / ina donoMse. atirila usako alaga koI astitva nahIM banatA hai / ataH sambhrama' ko alaga caudahavA~ aGga mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| (E) AkSepa-- ava 'prAkSepa [nAmaka garbhasandhike navama aGgake lakSaNa Adi kahate haiM]----- [sUtra 85]---bIjake prakAzana karane ko 'AkSepa' bahate haiM / 54 / [garbhasandhike antargata prAptyAzAko avasthAmeM nibaddha, mukhyakAryake upAyabhUta bIjakA prakAzana arthAt prakaraNa acchI. prakArase prAvirbhAvana 'prAkSepa' [kahalAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhAra meM sUta kahatA hai]-- droNAcAryane abhaya-dAna karake bhI arjunase sindhurAja [jayadratha] kI rakSA nahIM kara paaii| isa du.zAsanake viSaya meM bhI [siMhasadRza] bhImasenane hariNake samAna krUra karma kara DAlA [arthAt siMha jisa prakAra hariNako anAyAsa hI mAra DAlatA hai isI prakAra bhImasenane duHzAsanako samApta kara diyA] / isa prakAra zatruoM [arthAt pANDavoM] kI duHsAdhye pratijJAoM ko bhI yuddhabhUmi meM jhaTapaTa pUrNa karake bhI mujhe aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kurukulakA virodhI deva abhI pUrNa manoratha nahIM ho pAyA hai [abhI vaha kucha aura bhI khela dikhalAvegA] / yahA~ pANDavoMke rAjya-prApti rUpa kAryake upAya [zatruke pramukha puruSoMke vadha kA mukhya rUpase prakAzana [ kiyA gayA ] hai [ ataH yaha prakSepa' nAmaka navama aGgakA udAharaNa hai / ganI..
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________________ nATyadarpaNam . [ kA0 55, sU086 athavA bIjasya hRdayabhUminigUDhatvAdabhiprAyasya bhisskrnnmaakssepH| yathA ratnAvalyAM, vAsavadattAyAmeva sAgariketi rAjJA vidUSakeNa ca parigRhItAyAM taduktiSu"priye sAgarike! zItAMzumukhamutpale tava dRzau padmAnukArau karo, rambhAgarbhanibhaM tavoruyuglaM bAhU mRnnaalopmo| ityAhlAdakarAkhilAGgi ! rabhasA niHzaMkamAliGgaya mAm , aGgAni tvamanaGgatApavidhurANyeAhi nirvApaya / / " - ityAdiSurAjJA svaabhipraaybhissprkaashnm| kecidetadaGgana manyante iti||54|| (10) athAdhibalama [sUtra 86]-adhibalaM balAdhikyam / parasparavazvanapravRttayoryasya buddhisAhAyAdighalAdhikyena yatkarma itaramabhisandhAtu samartha tatkarma balaviSaye adhikabalayogAdadhibalam / yathA ratnAvalyAm "kiM padmasya ruci na hanti nayanAnandaM vidhatte na vA, vRddhiM vA jhaSaketanasya kurute nAlokamAtreNa kim ? vaktrendau tava satyayaM yadaparaH zItAMzurabhyudgato, darpaH syAdamRtena cediha tadapya styeva bimbAdhare / / " athavA bIja arthAt hRdaya rUpa bhUmise chipe hue abhiprAyakA bAhara prakAzita karanA 'pAkSepa' [kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvasImeM rAjA tathA vidUSakake dvArA vAsavadattAko hI sAgarikA samajha lenepara unakI uktiyoM meM [rAjA kahatA hai]--- "priye sAgarike ! tumhArA mukha candramA ke samAna], tumhAre netra nIla-kamala rUpa, tumhAre hAtha kamalake sadRza, tumhArI donoM jA~ghe kadalIke bhItarI bhAgake samAna, tumhArI bAhue~ mRNAlake tulya haiN| isa prakAra sarvAGgoMse pAlAdakAriNi [he priye] ! prAyo, prAyo, jaldIse nizaGka bhAvase gAr3hAliGgana dvArA kAmAvegase santapta hue mere aGgoMko zAnta kro|" ityAdimeM rAjA dvArA apane abhiprAyakA prakAzana kiyA gayA hai| (10) adhibala aba [garbhasandhike] 'adhibala' [nAmaka dazama aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM][sUtra 86]-balake prAdhikyako 'adhibala' kahate haiM / eka-dUsareko dhokhA denemeM lage hue do vyaktiyoMmeM buddhi athavA sahAyakoM grAdike balake prAdhikyake kAraNa jisakA kArya dUsareko dhokhA dene meM samartha ho jAtA hai usakA vaha kArya balAdike viSayameM adhika bala sampanna honese 'adhibala' [nAmaka aGga kahalAtA hai / jaise ratnAvalImeM kyA [tumhArA mukha candramAke samAna kamaloMko kAntiko naSTa nahIM karatA hai ? athavA kyA [candramAke samAna ho] netroMko prAnanda pradAna nahIM karatA hai ? athavA darzanamAtrase hI [candramAke samAna tumhArA mukha jhaSaketana prarthAt ] kAmako nahIM bar3hAtA hai jo yaha dUsarA
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________________ kA0 55, sU086 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 157 ___ iti pAThAnantaraM rAjJA vAsavadattAyA mukhodghATane pratyabhijJAnam / atra sAgarikAveSa dhArayantI vidUSakabuddhidaurbalyAd vAsavadattA rAjAnamabhisandhatte / kapaTasyAnthAbhAvamanye adhibalamAhuH / yathA ratnAvalyAm"rAjA-evamapi pratyakSadRSTavyalIkaH kiJcidvijJApayAmi AtAmratAmapanayAmi vilakSa eSaH, lAkSAkRtAM caraNayostava devi ! mUrnA / kopoparAgajanitAM tu mukhendubimbe hatukSamo yadi paraM karuNA mayi syAt / / iti / atra vAsavadattAM prati rAjJo vaJcanaM viphalaM jAtam / eke tu sopAlambhaM vAkyamadhibalamicchanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre paJcame'Gka dhRtarASTramuddizya "bhImasenaH-alamidAnI mnyunaa| kRSTA kezeSu kRSNA nRpasadasi vadhUH pANDavAnAM nRpaiyaH sarve te krodhavahnau kRzazalabhakulAvajJayA yena dagdhAH / candramA [mAkAzameM] udaya ho rahA hai| yadi [usako] amRtakA garva ho [aura usIke kAraNa tumhAre mukhake sAmane udaya honekA dussAhasa kara rahA ho to vaha [amRta] bhI to tumhAre pradhara-bimbameM vidyamAna hI hai| isa pAThake bAva rAjAke dvArA [sAgarikA samajhI huI] vAsavadattAke mukhako kholanepara vAsavadattAkA phicaannaa| yahAM sAgarikAkA veSa dhAraNa kie hue vAsavadattA vidUSakakI mUrkhatA [buddhidaurbalyAta] se rAjAko dhokhemeM DAla detI hai| dUsare loga kapaTake anyathAbhAva [ arthAta parivartana ] ko 'adhibala' kahate haiN| jaise ratnAvalImeM [isa UparavAlI ghaTanAke bAda ho __ "rAjA--isa prakAra aparAdhake pratyakSa dekha lie jAnepara bhI kucha prArthanA karanA cAhatA hU~ [aura raha prArthanA yaha hai ki]. he devi ! [apane sAgarikA-prema rUpa isa aparAdhake kAraNa] lajjita maiM lAkSA dvArA sampAditako huI tumhAre caraNoMko raktatAko apane sirase dUra kara hI rahA hU~ [arthAta tumhAre caraNoMpara sira rakhakara apane isa aparAdhakI kSamA mAMga rahA hU~ kintu] yadi mere Upara atyanta dayA ho jAya to kopake kAraNa utpanna huI mukha-rUpa candramAko raktatAko bhI [cumbanAdi dvArA dUra karane meM samartha ho sakatA huuN|" yahA~ vAsavadattAke prati [khuzAmada dvArA] dhokhA denekA rAjAkA prayatna viphala ho gyaa| [arthAt vAsavadattA usakI bAtoMse prasanna nahIM huI / kucha loga upAlambha yukta vAkyako 'adhibala' kahate haiM / jaise veNIsaMhArake pAMcaveM prathameM dhRtarASTrako lakSyameM rakhakara bhImasena [kahate haiM ki]-- bhImasena-praba duHkha karanekI mAvazyakatA nahIM hai| jina rAjAmoMne pANDavoMkI vadhU vaupadIke bAloMko pakar3akara rAja-sabhAmeM ghasITA thA una sabako kSudra pataGgake samAna jisane apanI krodhAgnimeM bhasmasAt kara diyA vaha maiM [yaha
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________________ 158 ] nATyadarpaNam . kA0 55, sU0 87 tAta ! tvAM zrAvaye'haM na khalu bhujabalazlAghayA nApi darpAt putraiH pautraizca karmaNyatiguruNi kRte tAta ! sAkSI tvameva // " iti / (11) atha mArgaH [sUtra 87]--mArgastacArthazaMsanam / paramArthasya vacanaM sAmAnye nocyamAnaM prakatArthena yat sambadhyate tnmaargH| yathA mudrArAkSase "rAjA-[pravizya svagatamAha] rAjyaM hi nAma rAjadharmAnuvRttiduHkhitasya * nRpatermahadaprItisthAnam / kutaH-- parArthAnuSThAne jar3ayati nRpaM svArthaparatA, parityaktasvArthI niyatamayathArthaH kSitipatiH / parArthazcet svArthAdabhimatataro hanta balavAna, parAyattaH prIteH kathamiva rasaM vetti puruSaH / / api ca durArAdhyA lakSmIrAtmavadbhI rAjabhiH / kutaH tiktAdudvijate mRdo paribhavatrAmAna santiSThate, mUrkha dveSTi na gacchati praNayitAmatyanta vidvatsvapi / zUrebhyo'bhyadhika bibhetyupahasatyekAnta bhIrUra ho, zrIlabdhapramareva vezavanitA duHkhopacaryA bhRzam // " iti / saba samAcAra prApako isalie sunA rahA hU~ ki he tAta ! putroM aura pautroM ke dvArA kie jAne vAle kisI bhI bar3e kArya meM Apa hI sAkSI ho sakate haiM isalie yaha saba samAcAra prApako sunAyA hai] apane bhujabalakI prazaMsAkelie athavA abhimAnavaza hokara nahIM [sunAyA hai / bhImasenakA yaha sopAlambha vacana isa lakSaNase 'adhibala' aGgakA udAharaNa hotA hai| (11) mArga aba 'mArga' [nAmaka garbhasandhike gyArahaveM aMgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM][sUtra 86]-tattvArthako kathana karanA.'mArga' [kahalAtA hai| dAstavika bAtakA sAmAnya rUpase kathana honepara bhI prakRta prakaraNake sAtha [usake vizeSa rUpase sambaddha honepara 'mArga' nAmaka aMga kahalAtA hai| jaise mudrArAkSasameM "rAjA-[praviSTa hokara svagata kahate haiM] rAjadharmakA pAlana karaneke kAraNa rAjAke lie rAjya zAsanakA saJcAlana] bar3e saGkaTakA kAraNa hotA hai / kyoMki---- [yadi rAjA apane svArthako pradhAnatA detA hai to ravArthaparatA rAjAko dUsaroMkA kArya karanese rokatI hai| [yadi dUsareke lie] apane ravArthako chor3a detA hai to nizcaya hI rAjA [ayathArthaH] rAjA nahIM rahatA hai| aura yadi svArthako apekSA parArthatAko pradhAnatA dI jAya to dUsareke adhIna ho jAnepara balavAn [rAjA bhI Ananda kA bhoga kaise kara sakatA hai| aura jitendriya rAjAoM ke dvArA bhI lakSmIko pArAdhanA bar3I kaThina hai| kyoMki [atyanta tIkSaNa prakRti ke rAjA] se [lakSmI] ghabar3AtI hai aura komala prakRtike pAsa [dUsaroM ke dvArA] apamAnita honeke bhayase nahIM TikatI hai / mUlse dveSa karatI hai, aura adhika vidvAnoMke pAsa bhI nahIM rahatI hai| zUroMse bhI bar3A DaratI hai, aura atyanta bhIruSoMkA bhI upahAsa
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________________ kA0 55, sU088 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 156 yathA vA raghuvilAse caturthe'Gka ----rAvaNa:---[saviSAdam ] "laMkezvare tridazadarpahare virAgo, rAgaraMtu. kAnanacare jnkaatmjaayaaH|| saundarya-vikrama-kalA-vibhavAnapekSaH myAM vicAravimukhaH khalu ko'pi pandhAH // " etat tattvArthakathanaM sAmAnyenoktamapi prakRtena sambadhyata iti / (12) atha asatyAharaNam [sUtra 88]--asatyAharaNaM chana / yathA mAlavikAgnimitre yajJopavItamaddhAMguSTho vidRsskH| "vidUpaka:---[pravizya sasambhramamAha ! parittAyadu parittAyadu bhavaM / [paritrAyatAM paritrAyatAM bhavAna / iti saMskRtam / rAjA-kimetata ? vipaka:-bho! sApega mhi dlo| [bho ! marpaNAmmi dRSTaH / ini saMskRtama ] / [marva vidUSakaM dRSTvA viSaNNAH / ] rAjA-kaSTa kva bhavAn paribhrAntaH ? vidUSakaH-devaM pekkhissaM ti prAcArapuppharasa kAraNA pamadavaNaM gadu mhi / tahiM ca asoyatthavagarasa pasAride amgahatthe koDaraviriNaggadeNa sAparUpeNa kAleNa mii lNbhido| imANi duvedaaddhaavnnaanni| karatI hai / isa prakAra labdha-prasarA praur3hA vezyAke samAna lakSmI bar3I kaThinatAse vazameM AtI hai| yahA~ tattvArthakA prakRtase sambaddha rUpameM kathana kiyA gayA hai isalie yaha 'mArga' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai / athavAM jaise raghuvilAsake caturtha aGka meM rAvaNa viSAda-pUrvaka [kahatA hai] - devatAoMke bhI darpakA apaharaNa karanevAle laGkAke adhIzvara [mujha rAvaNa ke prati sItAkA vairAgya hai [arthAt mujha rAvaNako to nahIM cAhatI hai aura vana-vanameM bhaTakanevAle [rAmacandra ke prati rAga hai| nizcaya hI premakA mArga saundarya, vikrama, kalA aura vaibhavakI upekSA karanevAlA aura avicArazIla hotA hotA hai| yaha yathArtha bAtakA kathana sAmAnya rUpase ukta honepara bhI prakRtase sambaddha hai / (12) asatyA haraNa aba asatyAharaNa [nAmaka garbhasandhike gyArahaveM aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM--- [sUtra 87]-chala 'asatyAharaNa' kahalAtA hai| jase mAlavikAgnimitra yajJopavItase aMgUThe ko bAMdhe hue viduSaka [Akara ghabar3Ate hue kahatA hai ---] bacAie Apa mujhe bacAie / rAjA---are yaha kyA huyA ? vidUSakaH-are sA~pane Dasa liyA hai| [saba vidUSakako dekhakara khinna ho jAte haiM / rAjA---tuma kahA~ ghUsa rahe the ? vidUSaka -- tumhAre pAsa lA rahA thA isalie prAcArArtha puSpa lene ke lie pramavavanameM gayA thaa| vahA~ azokakA gucchA lene ke lie hAtha bar3hAte hI kAlake samAna Apane pakar3a liyaa| de do dA~ta [lage] haiN|
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________________ 160 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 55, sU08 [devaM prekSiSye ityAcArapuSpasya kAraNAt pramadavanaM gto'smi| tatra cAzokastabakasya prasArita hastAne koTaravinirgatena sarparUpeNa kAlenAsmi lbdhH| imo dvau daMSTrAvaNau // [iti sNskRtm]|" -- atra rAjaprasAdaparIkSArtha vidRSakeNa ketakIkaNTaka kSatasya asatyA sarpadaMzatA prakAziteti / (13) atha toTakam sUtra 86]-toTakaM garbhitaM vacaH // 5 // krodha-harSAdisambhUtAvegagarbhitaM vacanaM toTayati bhinatti hRdayamiti toTakam / yathA rAmAbhyudaye caturthe'ke "indrajit-tAta ! kimidamanucitamArabdhaM tAtena, yadayamakANDa eva kumbhakarNaH prativodhyate / kimatra na kazcit kSudratApasopamardAya sambhAvitastAtena / api ca rakSovIrAH dRDhoraHpratiphalanadalatkAladaNDapracaNDAH, dordaNDAkANDakaNDUviSamanikaSaNatrAsitakSmAdharendrAH / yAtAH kAmaM na nAma smRtipathamapathaprasthitendrAnusArI, svarvAsikliSTadRSTaH kathamahamapi te vismRto meghanAdaH / / etat krodhA dAvega vacanam / yathA vA raghuvilAse caturthe'Gke rAvaNa: isameM rAjAke premako parIkSA leneke lie vidUSakane ketakIke kAMToMke cihnoMko jhUThamUTha sarpadaMzake rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai [ataH yaha 'asatyAharaNa' kA udAharaNa hai] / (13) toTaka aba toTaka [nAmaka garbhasandhike terahaveM aGgakA nirUparaNa karate haiM][sUtra 88] [kisI vizeSa bhAvase] gabhita vacana 'toTaka'. (kahalAtA hai / 55 // krodha, harSa, prAdise utpanna prAvega yukta vacana, hRdayakA toTana arthAt bhedana karatA hai isalie 'toTaka' [kahalAtA hai| [toTakakA udAharaNa] jaise rAmAbhyudayameM caturtha aGkameM "indrajitahe tAt ! Apane yaha kyA anucita kAma prArambha kara diyA ki binA bAta ke hI kumbhakarNako jagA rahe haiN| kyA Apane yahAM kisI aurako kSudra tApasakA upamardana karaneke lie samartha nahIM samajhA / paura-- jinake puSTa vakSaHsthaloMpara par3akara kAlakA daNDa bhI khaNDa-khaNDa ho jAtA hai isa prakArake pracaNDa, aura bhujadaNDoMmeM acAnaka uThI huI khujalIke nivAraNa ke lie khujalAkara jo parvatoMko bhI hilA DAlate haiM isa prakArake [zaktizAlI] rAkSasa vIroM kI ora prApakA dhyAna nahIM gayA to koI bAta nahIM hai, kintu [apathaprasthita arthAt bhAgate hue indrakA bhI pIchA karane vAle aura svargalokake rahane vAle jisako bhayabhIta hokara dekhate hai isa prakArake meghanAda ko prApa kaise bhUla gae [jo isa kumbhakarNako jagAne lage] ? yaha [meghanAdakA] krodhake kAraNa pAvegamaya vacana hai| athavA jaise raghuvilAsameM caturtha aMkameM, rAvaNa
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________________ kA056-57, sU. 60-61 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 161 'vaktrANi he ! hasata gAyata tAratAraM, netrANi ! cumbata vihasya ca karNapAlIH / dorvallayaH ! kuruta tANDavaDambaraM ca, zrIrAvaNaM nanu videhasutA rirNsuH||" idaM harSAdAvegagarbha vacanam / etAni garbhasandhestrayodazAGgAni // 55 / / [4] athAmarzasandheraMgAni vyAkhyAtumuddizati[sUtra 60]-dravaH prasaMgaH sampheTo'pavAdazchAdanaM dyutiH / khedo nirodhaH saMrambho bhaveyurguNato nava // 56 // zakti-prarocanA-dAna-vyavasAyAstu mukhytH|| trayodazAMgAnyAmarza dravAdIni nava prayojanamapekSya gauNatayA badhyante / zaktyAdIni catvAri punaH praadhaanyen| (1) atha dravaH [chatra 61]-dravaH pUjyavyatikramaH // 57 // vyatikramo maargaacclnm| yathA ratnAvalyAM sannihitaM bhartAramavagaNayya vidUSakasya sAgarikAyAzca vAsavadattayA bandhanamiti // 5 // "rAvaraNa-prare [mere daza] mukho ! tuma loga [prasanna hokara khUba ha~so aura gAno / he netro ! tuma prasannatAse [phala-phela kara] kAnoMkA cumbana karo [kAnoM taka phaila jAo] / he bhujavalliyo ! tuma khUba nAho kyoMki prAja vaidehI rAvaNake sAtha ramaNa karanA cAhatI hai|" yaha [rAvaraNakA] harSase Avegamaya vacana hai| ye garbhasandhike teraha aGga hue // 5 // [4] bhAmarza sandhike teraha aGgaaba mAmarza sandhike aGgoMko vyAkhyA karaneke lie unake nAma ginAte haiM-- [sUtra 86]-1 drava, 2 prasaMga, 3 sampheTa, 4 apavAda, 5 chAdana, 6 dyuti, 7 kheda, 8 niroSa, aura 6 saMrambha ye nau [vimarzasandhike] gauNa aGga haiM / 56 / / [sUtra 89-10 zakti, 11 prarocanA, 12 dAna aura 13 vyavasAya ye cAra mukhya maGga hai / isa prakAra bhAmarza sandhimeM teraha aMga hote haiM / drava mAvi nau aMga prayojanake anusAra gauNa rUpase nibaTa kie jAte haiM, maura zakti mAvi bhAra mukhya rUpase nibaddha hote haiN| (1) prama 'drava' [nAmaka vimarzasandhike prathama aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM][sUtra 90]-pUjyoMko vyatikrama karanA 'va' [kahalAtA hai| vyatikrama arthAt mArgase haTa jaanaa| jaise ratnAvalImeM sAmane upasthita bhartA [batsarAva udayana ] ko upekSA karake vAsavadattAke dvArA vidUSaka tathA sAgarikAko baMdhavAnA 157
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________________ 162 ] nATyadayaNam / kA058, sU0 62 (2) atha prasaMga :--- [sUtra 62]--prasaMgo mahatAM kIrtiH kIrtiH saMzabdanam / yathA veNIsaMhAre paSThe'Gke-- yudhiSThira :--[mukhaM prakSAlya upaspRzya ca eSa tAvanalAJjali-rgAGga yAya gurave prapitAmahAya shaantnve| ayamapi pitAmahAya vicitrviiryaay| [sAstram / tAtasya adhunaavsrH| ayamapi tatrabhavate svargasthitAya gurave sugRhItanAmne pitre devAya pANDave / " ityAdi / kecidaprastuta tArthavacanaM prasaMgamicchanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre SaSTe'Gke."yudhiSThira :--[draupadI prati] sa kIcakanipUdano baka-hiDimba-kirmIrahaH, madAndhamagadhAdhipadviradasandhibhaMgAzaniH / gadA-parighazobhinA bhujayugena tenAnvitaH / priyastava mamAnujo'rjunagururgato'staM kila // " atra mAyAta pasvinA rAkSasena vyalIkabhImabadhaMkathanAt yudhiSThirasyAprastutaH zokaH / (2) aba prasaMga nAmaka vimarza sandhike dvitIya praGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 61]-mahAna [pUrvaja] logoMkA kIrtana karanA 'prasaMga' [nAmaka praGga kahalAtA hai| kIti arthAt kathana karanA / jaise deraNIsaMhArake chaThe aGkameM-- "yudhiSThira-mukhako dhokara aura prAcamana karake apane pUrvajoMko jalAali dete hue kramazaH unakA kIrtana karate hue kahate haiM] sabase pahale yaha jalAali gaMgAtanaya pUjya prapitAmaha zAntanukelie hai| yaha dUsarI pramAali pitAmaha vicitravIryakelie hai| [rote hue] aba pitAjIkI bArI pAtI hai| acchA yaha tIsarI jalAali] svargalokavAsI pUjya aura mugRhItanAmA pitA pANDukelie hai / " ityaadi| isa vacana meM jalAJjali dete samaya yudhiSThira dvArA apane pUrvaja mahApuruSoMke nAmoMkA kolana kiyA gayA hai ataH yaha 'prasaMga' nAmaka mAmarzasandhike dvitIya aGgakA udAharaNa hai| koI loga prastuta prarthake kathanako 'prasaMga' mAnate haiN| jaise veNIsaMhArake chaThe aMkameM"yudhiSThira-[draupadIke prati]- . kIcakako mArane vAlA, bakAsura, hiDimba aura kirrara [prAvi rAkSasoMkA nAza karane vAlA, madamatta magaSarAja [jarAsandha] rUpa hAthIkI sanSiyoMko bhagna karane vAlA, bora gayA tapa parigha [nAmaka prastroM se zobhita una [apUrva zaktizAlI bhujAnoMse yukta, tumhArA priya, merA choTA bhAI aura arjunakA jyeSTha bhrAtA [arthAta bhImasena, ina munijI mahArAja kathanake anusAra samApta ho gayA hai| yahAM bhAvaTI tapasvI [duryodhanake pakSapAtI] rAmasane, jhUTha-mUTha bhImake mAre jAnekI bAta kahakara yuSita karako aprAsaMgika zokameM gala diyA hai [mataH yaha prasaMga nAmaka maGgakA udAharaNa hai|
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________________ kA0 58, sU0 63 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 163 (3) atha sampheTa:-- [sUtra 63]-sampheTaH krodhajaM vcH| parasparaM krodhajanmottara-pratyuttararUpaH saMlApaH sampheTaH / yathA veNIsaMhAre "bhImaH-bho kauravarAja ! kRtaM bandhunAzadarzanamanyunA / maivaM viSAdaM kRthAH paryAptAH pANDavAH samarAya ahamasahAya iti / paJcAnAM manyase 'smAkaM yaM suyodhaM suyodhana ! daMzitasyAttazastrasya tena te'stu raNotsavaH // itthaM zrutvA asUyAtmikAM nikSipya kumAre dRSTiM uktavAn dhArtarASTra: karNa-duHzAsanabadhAt tulyAveva yuvAM mama / apriyo'pi priyo yoddha tvameva priysaahsH||" ityetad bhIma-duryodhanayoranyonyaM roSabhASaNam / yathA vA yAdavAbhyudaye saptame'Gke"balabhadraH-[svagatama] kathamupahasati nAradaH / bhavatu [prakAzam ] vRddhokSasya nRpasya tasya niyataM ko nAma mallo yudhi, vyAdhatta kila yamya vikramacaNa: pakSaM muninAradaH / (3) aba sampheTa [nAmaka vimarzasaMdhike tRtIya aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM] - [sUtra 62]-kroSapUrNa bhASaNa 'sampheTa' [kahalAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM "bhIma-he kauravarAja [duryodhana] ! bandhunoMke nAzako dekhakara duHkhI honekI prAvazyakatA nahIM hai / tuma yaha duHkha mata karo ki pANDava loga yuddha karaneke lie [paryApta] bahuta se haiM aura maiM akelA huuN| hama pAMcoMmeMse jisake sAtha yuddha karanA tuma sahaja samajho kavacAdi dhAraNa karake aura zastra lekara usIke sAtha tuma yuddhakA prAnanda le sakate ho| aisA sunakara [bhIma tathA arjuna] donoM kumAroMko mora prasUyApUrvaka dekhakara duryodhana kahatA hai ki [arjunane karNakA aura tumane duHzAsanakA vadha kiyA hai| ye donoM hI mere priya the isalie] karNa aura duHzAsanakA vaSa karanevAle honeke kAraNa tuma donoM hI mere lie ekajaise [apriya ho, phira bhI, apriya honepara bhI sAhaso tuma hI yuddhake lie mujhe priya mAlUma par3ate ho|" ____ yaha bhIma tathA duryodhanakA eka-dUsareke prati roSa-bhASaNa hai [mataH yaha 'sampheTa'nAmaka maGgakA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise yAdavAbhyudaya meM sakSama prakRmeMbalabhadra-[apane mana meM acchA nArada hamArI haMsI ur3A rahe haiN| [prakAzam] bUr3he sAMDake samAna usa rAjAke sAtha puTa karanevAlA pratimalla kauna ho sakatA hai jisakA pakSa svayaM nAsva muni le rahe haiM yaha vyaGgayokti hai| phira bhI kaMsakA vinAna karane meM
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________________ 164 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA058, sU064 kaMsadhvaMsakRtazramau madhuriporyAhU tathApyAhave, kSAmasthAmalavAnurUpamacirAdAdhAsyataH kizcana / / nAradaH [saroSamiva]-- kaMsAMsabhittimadamardanakelicazcozcakrasphuliGgagaNasaMgapizaMgabAhuH / sampUrayiSyati harerapi gADharUDha saMgrAmadohadamasau magadhAdhinAthaH / / iti / (4) athApavAdaH [sUtra 64]-apavAdaH priivaadH| parIvAdaH svaparadoSodghaTTanam / yathA puSpadRti ke pazcame'Gke"brAhmaNaH-mAjitA hi brAhmaNasya mukhamadhuraH kAlapAzaH / tathAhi hataH putro hato bhrAtA hato mArjitayA pitaa| tathApyetAM svagotraghnIM nindAmi ca pibAmi ca / / " iti / parizrama kara cukanevAle madhuripu kRSNake donoM bAhu durbala yA prabala jo kucha haiM usake anurUpa yuTameM kucha-na-kucha zIghra hI dikhlaayeNge| nArada [kroSapUrvaka] kaMsake skaMdhoMkI bhittikA mardana karanemeM catura, cakrakI cinagAriyoMke saMsargase [samudAyase] potabAha [arthAt kRSNakA sudarzana cakra bhI jisake hAthoM meM kevala cinagAriyAM utpanna kara sakatA hai adhika usakA kucha bigAr3a nahIM sakatA isa prakArakA] yaha magadharAja, kRSNako bhI prabala yuddha-kAmanAko pUrA kara degaa| yaha nArada tathA balabhadrake roSa-vAkya eka-dUsareke prati kahe gaye haiM ataeva yaha bhI 'sampheTa'kA dUsarA udAharaNa hai| (4) aba apavAda [vimarzasandhike caturtha aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 93]--[kisIko nindA karanA 'apavAda' [kahalAtA hai| nindA karanA arthAt apane yA dUsareke doSakA prakaTa krnaa| jaise puSpadUtikake paJcama aGkameM "brAhmaNa-mAjitA [arthAt zakara milA huA vahI] brAhmaNake lie mukhameM madhura lagane vAlA kAlapAza hai / isalie-- isa mAjitA [zakara mile hue vahI] ne yadyapi apane putra [dhRta] ko mAra DAlA [arthAt vahI se ghI utpanna hotA hai isalie ghI dahIkA putra hai| kintu jaba dahIko zakara milAkara khAneke kAmameM le liyA jAya to usase ghI kaise nikala sakatA hai isalie 'mAjitA zakara mile vahone apane putrako naSTa kara diyA yaha kahA hai] bhrAtA [taka maThe] ko bhI mAra diyA hai aura pitA [dUdha] ko bhI naSTa kara diyA hai phira bhI apane vaMzakA nAza karane vAlI isa 'mAjitA' kI nindA karatA huA bhI maiM usako pI rahA huuN| isameM mAjitA zakara mile dahIko nindA honese yaha 'apavAda' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai|
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________________ kA0 58, sU0 64 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 165 atra svadoSodghaTTanam / tathA raghuvilAse saptame'Gka rAvaNaM prati mArIcaH "khaNDaya nyAyatejobhiH zUra ! kolInadurdinam / anIti-dhUmarI hanti yshshcuutaagrmjriiH||" atra paradoSodghaTTanamiti / (5) atha chAdanam [sUtra 65]--chAdanaM manyumArjanam // 5 // manyurapamAno yena mAya'te tat chAdanam / yathA ratnAvalyAma "sAgarikA-diThThayA pajjalido bhayavaM huyAsaNa ajja karissadi me sayaladukkhavasANaM tti| [diSTyA prajvalito bhagavAna hutAzano'dya kariSyati me sakaladuHkhAvasAnamiti / iti saMskRtam]" __ anye tu --kAryArthamasahyasyApyarthasya sahanaM chAdanamAmananti / yathA zrIzuktivAsakumAraviracite anaMgasenA-harinandini prakaraNe navame'Gke, rAjaputracandraketunA dattaM karNAlaMkArayugalaM nAyikayA mAdhavyA nAyakasya preSitam / nAyakena harinandinA puSpalakanAmAnaM brAhmaNaM rAjabandhanAnmorcAyatu tanmAtre'tisRSTam / ___ isameM [vaktAne] apane doSakA [arthAt nindA karate hue bhI pAnekA] udghATana kiyA hai| ___ aura raghuvilAsake sAtaveM aGka meM rAvaNake prati mArIca [kahatA hai] "he zUra [rAvaraNa] ! nyAyake tejoMke dvArA ayaza rUpI dudina [meghAcchannaM tu durdinam] kA nAza karo [arthAt sItAko mukta karake apane nyAyakA paricaya dekara tumhArA jo apayaza sItAharaNake kAraNa ho rahA hai usako dUra karo] anItikI dhUmarI yazo rUpa pAmrakI uttama mArIkA nAza kara detI hai / [isalie anItike mArgako chor3a do| isameM [vaktA] dUsareke doSakA udghATana [kara rahA hai / (5) aba 'chAdana' [nAmaka vimarza sandhike paJcama aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM[sUtra 64]-apamAnakA parimArjana 'chAvana' kahalAtA hai // 58 // manyu arthAt apamAnakA mArjana jisake dvArA kiyA jAya vaha 'chAdana' nAmaka praGga kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalI meM "sAgarikA-saubhAgyase prajvalita hayA agni Aja mere sAre duHkhoMko samApta kara degaa|" anya loga to vizeSa prayojanake kAraNa asahya arthako bhI saha leneko 'chAdana' mAnate haiN| jaise-zrI zuktivAsakumArake banAe hue 'anaMgasenA harinandI nAmaka prakaraNake navama aGka meM, rAjaputra candraketuke dvArA die hue kAnoMke alaMkArake jor3eko nAyikA mAdhavIne nAyakake pAsa bhejA thA / nAyaka harinandIne puSpalaka nAmaka brAhmaNako rAjabandhanase mukta karAneke lie use usakI [puSkalaka brAhmaraNako] mAtAko dAna kara diyaa| usa [karNAbharaNa
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA058, sU0 65 tatpratyabhijJAya ca sa brAhmaNaH paureSu prakAzitacauryo rAjAjJayA vadhyasthAnaM netumaarbdhH| tanmAtrA cAgatya harinandine niveditam / harinandinA ca brAhmaNarakSArtha cauryamAtmano'GgIkRtya ayazo visoDhamiti / anye tvasya sthAne cchalanamavamAnanarUpamAhuH / yathA rAmAbhyudaye sItAyAH parityAgenAvamAnaM cchlnm| apare tu chalanaM sammoha micchanti / yathA veNIsaMhAre SaSThe'Gke"yudhiSThiraH- [azrUNi muzcan cArvAkamAha] sarvathA kathaya brahman saMkSepAd vistareNa vA / vatsamya kimapi zrotumetad dattamuro mayA / / rAkSasa:-zrayatAma tasmina kaurava-pArthayorgurugadAghoradhvanI sNyuge| dropadI-[labdhasaMjJA] ayi tado kima ? [ayi tataH kim ? iti saMskRtam] / rAkSasa:-[Atmagatam] kathaM punaranayA labdhA saMjJA / aphraamysyaaHpraannaan| [prakAzam ] - sIrI tatkSaNamAgatazciramabhUta tasyAgrataH saMgaraH / kaJcukI-nUnaM tatkRto'tra kazcidapacAro bhaviSyati / kA upayoga kie jAnepara usa] ko pahicAna kara nagaravAsiyoMmeM corIkA aAropa ghoSita kara rAjAkI prAjJAse brAhmaraNako vadhya sthAnakI ora le jAyA jAne lgaa| taba brAhmaNakI mAsAne prAkara harinandIse khaa| harinandIne brAhmaNako rakSAke lie svayaM corI karaneke aparAdhako svIkRta kara apayazako sahana kiyaa| yaha [chAdana' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai|] / anya loga isa [chAdanake] ke sthAnapara avamAna rUpa 'chalana' [aGga] ko mAnate haiM [chAdanako aMga nahIM mAnate haiM] / jaise rAma bhyudayameM sItAke parityAgase kie gae apamAnako ['chalana' nAmaka aMga kahate haiN| anya loga sammohako chalana kahate haiM / jaise veNIsaMhArake chaThe aGkameM- "yudhiSThira---[rote hue cArvAkase kahate haiM ] ----- he brahman ! saMkSepase yA vistArase jaise cAheM prApa kahie / vatsa [bhIma] ke kisI bhI samAcArako sunaneke lie maiMne apanA hRdaya taiyAra kara liyA hai / rAkSasa-acchA sunie| draupadI-hozameM Akara acchA taba phira kyA huA ? rAkSasa-[svagata] acchA yaha to phira hozameM A gii| abhI isake prANoMkA prapaharaNa karatA huuN| [prakAzam kahatA hai usI samaya balarAmajI vahA~ pA gae aura unake sAmane bahuta dera taka [bhIma tathA duryodhanakA] yuddha hotA rhaa| kaJcukI---nizcaya hI unake dvArA kiyA gayA koI aniSTa isameM upasthita hogaa|
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________________ kA0 56, sU0 66-67 ] rAkSasaH (6) atha dyutiH prathamo vivekaH Alambya priyaziSyatAM tu ilinA saMjJA raddaH sA kRtA yAmAsAdya kurUttamaH pratikRtaM duHzAsanArau gataH // iti atra tApasena vyAmohaH kRtaH ||5|| [ sUtra 66 ] -- tiraskAro dyutiH yathA kRtyArAvaNe mandodarI prati aMgadaH " mA gAniSTa puna jagAminI gatvA punaH sthIyatAM, yatrAste bhujavIryadapinamadI vidrAvaNo rAvaNaH / - madvAhudrayapaJjagannaggatA mRDe kimAkrandasi siMhasyAMkamupAgatAmitra mRgI kasvAM paritrAmyate // " tarjanIdvejane yati kecidicchanti / apare tu narjanAdyutiM manyante / nadetanmatadvayamadhyazrIbhedAna saMgRhInam / evamanyadapi mAjJAna pAramparyeNa vA nyakkAraparaM vAkyaM dyutireva | (7) atha veda: [ sUtra 67 ] - - khedaH zramaH kAya manodbhavaH / yathA vikramorvazyAM purUravAH - [ 167 rAkSasa - -balarAmajIne zrapane priya ziSya [ duryodhana] kA pakSa lekara cupacApa koI aisA saMketa kiyA jisako prApta kara kururAja [duryodhana ] ne duHzAsanako bhArane vAle [bhImasena] se [duHzAsanake vakA] badalA le liyA [ zrarthAt bhImasenako mAra DAlA ] / " yahA~ tApasa [veSadhArI rAkSasa ] ne vyAmoha utpanna kara diyA hai| (6) aba 'ti' [ nAmaka grAmarza sandhike chaTe aGgakA nirUpaNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 65 ] - tiraskAra karanA 'dya uti' [kahalAtA ] hai ]-- jaise kRtyArAvaraNake meM mandodarIke prati zraGgada [ kahatA hai ] " mata jAo, Thaharo, acchA phira calo, tanika idhara cala kara khar3I ho jAno, jahA~ para bhujAoM ke parAkrama ke abhimAna se cUra yaha [ zatrunoMko] bhayabhIta karane vAlA rAvaraNa [ khar3A ] hai / zrarI mUrkha ! merI donoM bhujAnoMke paJjarameM par3I huI tU cillA kisa lie rahI hai / siMhake paje meM phaMsI huI hariraNIke samAna zraba kauna tujhako bacA sakatA hai ?" koI loga DATane-phaTakArane [tarjana udvejana] ko 'dyuti' kahate haiM / dUsare loga DATane aura ghasITaneko 'dyuti' kahate haiN| ina donoM matoMmeM arthakA bheda na honese [ isI dyuti-lakSarake: bhItara ] saMgraha ho gayA hai / isI prakAra sAkSAt yA paramparAse anya apamAna-paraka vAkya bhI 'dhuti' hI mAne jAte haiM / (7) kheda aba 'kheda' [nAmaka amarza sandhike saptama zraGgakA lakSaraNa zrAdi karate haiM] [ sUtra 66 ] - zArIrika yA mAnasika zrama 'kheda' [kahalAtA ] hai / jaise vikramorvazImeM purUravA kahate haiM
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________________ 168 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 56, sU068 "aho zAnto'smi / bhavatu asyAstAvad girinadyAstIre sthitastaraMgavAtaM seniSye / " ityAda / atra kAyikaH / tathA raghuvilAse saptame'Gke rAvaNa:-[sakhedam ] "huM zakraH sa jito jito dhRta-ghRtaH kailAsazailo'pyare ! krAnta krAntamidaM jagat 'pratibhujagrastAsikairbAhubhiH / / yArabdhA prati bandhubandhanakathA laMkApaterjIvataH, karNeSu prathate kimantamanayA nItaM na visphUrjitam // " atra maansH| tathA kRtyArAvaNe lakSmaNa: "mArgAH kaNTakinaH prataptasikatApAMzUkarA laMdhitAH, krAntAH zRGgavatAM nikAmaparuSAH sthUlopalA bhUmayaH / bhrAntaM dRptamRgendranAdajanitatrAsaiH samaM dantibhiH ? pItaM ca dvipadAnarAjikatuSavyAsaMgatiktaM payaH / / " atrobhyjH| yadyapi zramodvegavitarkAdayo vyabhicArimadhye lakSayiSyante, tathApi rasavizeSapuSTayartha sandhyaMgAvasare lakSyante / iti / (8) atha virodhaH [sUtra 68]-virodhaH prastutajyAniH ''are bar3A thaka gayA huuN| acchA calo isa pahAr3I navIke kinAre baiThakara taraMgoMkI vAyukA sevana kruuN|" ityAdi / isameM zArIrika zrama dikhalAyA gayA hai / aura raghuvilAsake saptama aGka meM rAvaNa [khedapUrvaka kahatA hai]-- "ho usa indrako to bAra-bAra jItA thaa| are ! usa kailAsa parvatako bhI bAra-bAra uThAyA ho thA / aura pratyeka bhujAmeM talavAra pakar3akara isa sAre jagatko aneka bAra pAkrAnta kiyA hI hai kintu prAja rAvaNake jIte-jI usake bandhanoM ko pakar3anekA jo yaha prasaMga prArambha huA hai aura kAnoM meM pahuMca rahA hai usane kyA usa sAre darpakA nAza nahIM kara diyA hai| isameM [rAvaraNake mAnasika [khedakA varNana hai / aura kRtyArAvaraNameM lakSmaNa [kahate haiM] "kA~To aura jalatI huI bAlU tathA dhUla kUr3A-karakaTase bhare hue mArgomeM calanA pdd'aa| pahAr3oMko atyanta kaThora aura bar3e-bar3e pattharoMse bharI huI bhUmiyoMko pAra karanA pdd'aa| matta siMhoMke garjanase bhayabhIta hue hAthiyoMke sAtha vanoMmeM dhUmanA par3A aura hAthiyoMke madake kaluSita samparkake kAraNa tikta pAnI pInA pdd'aa|" isameM [zArIrika aura mAnasika donoM prakArakA kheda pAyA jAtA hai / yadyapi zrama-udvega vitarka Adike lakSaNa vyabhicAribhAvoMke prasaMgameM kie jAveMge phira bhI rasako vizeSa puSTike lie sandhiyoMke aGgoMke prasaMgameM yahAM bhI unake lakSaNa kara die gae haiN| (8) aba virodha [nAmaka vimarzasandhike aSTama aGgakA lakSaNa Adi karate haiM] [sUtra 67]-prastuta arthako hAni 'virodha' [kahalAtA hai| 1. prtibhtt|
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________________ kA0 56, sU018 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 166 prastutasya kAryasya jyAniH atyayo virodha iva 'virodhaH' / yathA kRtyArAvaNe saptame'Gka "kaJcukI-[lakSmaNa-vibhISaNau prati] kumAra ! etat / ubhau-kim / kancukI-zrAH idam / ubhau-Arya ! kathaya kathaya / kaJcukI-kA gatiH ? zrayatAm / AryA khalu sItA rAvaNAjJayA kiMkaropanItaM bhatu yAziro'valokya sakhIbhirAzvAsyamAnApi nivRttaprayojanA 'nAhamAtmAnaM klezayAmi' ityuktvA sarve-kiM kRtavatI ? kancukI-yanna zakyate vaktum / zazina iva kalA nizAvasAna' kamalavanodaramutsuke va hNsii| patimaraNarasena rAjaputrI sphuritakarAlazikhaM viveza vahnim // " atra sItApratyAnayanasya prastutasya virodhaH / anye tu kheda-virodhau na manyante / vidrava-vicalane tu paThanti / tatra vidravo bndh-bdhaadhyvsaayaadiH| yathA chalitarAme prastuta kAryakI hAni arthAt nAza virodhake samAna honese 'virodha' [kahalAtA hai / jaise kRtyArAvaNake sakSama aGkameM "kaJcukI-lakSmaraNa tathA vibhISaNake prati kahatA hai] -kumAra ! yaha / donoM-kyA ? kaJcukI-are yh| donoM-Arya ! kahie-kahie [kyA bAta hai] / kaJcukI--kyA karU / acchA suno| prAryA sItAne rAvaNako prAjJAse naukara dvArA lAe gae [svAmI rAmacandrake [kaTe hue] banAvaTI sirako dekhakara, sakhiyoMke dvArA prAzvAsana die jAnepara bhI 'aba mare] jInekA prayojana samApta ho gayA' aisA kahakara saba loga-kyA kiyA ? kaJcukI-jisako kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai| rAtrikI samAptipara candramAko kalAke samAna ho jAneke] samAna, utsukA haMsIke kamala vanoMke bhItara [samA jAne ke samAna, patike maraNake rasase rAjaputrI sItA bhayaMkara jvAlAe~ jinameMse nikala rahI haiM isa prakArako agnimeM praviSTa ho gii|" isameM sItAke pratyAnayana rUpa prastuta kAryakA viroSa hai| [isalie yaha mAmarza sandhike 'virodha' nAmaka aSTama aMgakA udAharaNa hai] / anya loga to kheda aura virodha ina donoM praGgoM ko nahIM mAnate haiM [unake sthAna para] "vidra' tathA 'vicalana' [agoM ko mAnate haiN| unameM se badha athavA bandhanake nizcayako 'vidrava' kahate haiM / jaise 'chalitarAma' meM1. vinaavsaane|
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 56, sU0 18 "yenAvRtya mukhAni sAma paThatAmatyantamAyAsitaM, bAlyAd yena hRtAkSasUtravalayapratyarpaNaiH krIDitam / yuSmAkaM hRdayaM sa eSa vizikhairApUritAMsasthalo, mUrcchAghoratamaH pravezavivazo badhvA lavo nIyate // " iti / badhAdhyavasAyastu mRcchakaTikAyAM cArudattaviSayaH / tathA ratnAvalyAm"punarvAsavadattA - zrajjautta ! gaMkhu attaNo kAraNA bhaNAmi esA mae nigviNazriyAe saMpadA sAgariyA vivajjadi / iti / [ zrAryaputra ! nanu khalvAtmanaH kAraNAt bharaNAmyeSA mama nighR hRdayayAH sampat sAgarikA vipadyate / iti saMskRtam ] / " atra sAgarikAyA bandha-vadhAgnibhirvidravaH / tathA veNIsaMhAre 170 ] "yudhiSThiraH - kaH ko'tra / saniSaGgaH dhanurupanIyatAm / kathaM na kazcit parijanaH / bhavatu vA, bAhuyuddhasambhAvanAvihastamenaM durAtmAnaM gADhamAliGganya jvalitaMjvalananamabhipatAmi / " iti / atra sambhramAtmako vidravaH / iti / zaurya-kula- vidyA-rUpa-saubhAgyAdisambhavamAtmavikatthanaM tu vicalanam / yathA veNIsaMhAre pacame'Gke "tAta ! amba ! - "jisa [va] ne sAmavedakA pATha karate hue [brahmacAriyoMkA ] mukha banda karake unako bar3A saMga kiyaa| jisane bacapanake kAraraNa unake prakSasUtra aura valaya prAviko chInakara phira bekara krIr3Ae~ kIM, tumhAre hRdayake samAna [ atyanta priya] bAloMse jisakA kandhA bharA huA hai aura mUrcchAse gahana andhakArameM pahu~ca jAneke kAraNa vivaza usa lavako [tumhAre sainika ] bAMdhakara lie jA rahe haiM / " [ yaha bandhanAdhyavasAyakA udAharaNa haiM] baSake pradhyavasAyakA [ udAharaNa] jaise 'mRcchakaTika' meM cArudatta ke viSayameM [pAyA jAtA hai] / aura jaise 'ratnAvalI' meM [ vAsavadattA phira kahatI hai / ] zrAryaputra ! maiM apane kAraNa hI kahatI hU~ ki mujha nirdayAkI sampatti sAgarikA [isa zragnimeM jalakara ] marI jA rahI hai| isameM sAgarikA bandha tathA badha zrAdi [donoM] ke honeke kAraNa 'vidrava' [zraGga pAyA jAtA ] hai / aura 'vairaNIsaMhAra' meM- "yudhiSThira -- are ! yahA~ kauna hai ? tUNIra sahita dhanuSa lAno / zrare, koI naukara nahIM jAna par3atA hai| acchA rahane do| bAhuyuddhakI sambhAvanAke kAraNa [strase rahita] khAlI hAtha vAle isako jorase pakar3akara prajvalita agnimeM kUdA par3atA hU~ / " isameM sambhrama rUpa 'vidrava' hai / zaurya, kula, vidyA rUpa, saundarya zrAdike kAraNa apanI prazaMsA karanA 'vicalana' [ kahalAtA ] hai / jaise 'veNIsaMhAra' ke paJcam praGka "he tAta ! he mAtaH !
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________________ kA056, sU0 66 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 171 sakalaripujayAzA yatra baddhA sutaiste, tRNamiva paribhUto yasya garvaNa lokaH / raNazirasi nihantA tasya rAdhAsutasya, praNamati caraNau vAM madhyamaH pANDavo'yam // Apa-ca tAta! cUrNitAzeSakauravyaH kSIbo duHzAsanAsRjA / bhaktavA suyodhanasyorU bhImo'yaM zirasArcati // " iti / patra svaguNAviSkaraNAt vicalanamiti / (E) atha saMrambhaH [sUtra 86]-saMrambhaH zaktikIrtanam // 56 // saMrabdhAnAmuttara-pratyuttareNa zrAtmazaktibhASaNaM saMrambhaH / yathA veNIsaMhAre duryodhanaM prati kramAd"bhImaH-anyacca mUDha ! zoka strIvannayanasalilairyat parityAjito'si, bhrAturvakSaHsthalavighaTane yazca sAkSIkRto'si / AsIdetat tava kunRpateH kAraNaM jIvitasya; kruddhe yuSmatkula kamalinI-kuJjare bhImasene // __ tumhAre putroMne jisake Upara sAre zatruoMko vijaya karanekI prAzA lagAI huI thI, aura jisake abhimAnake kAraNa sAre saMsArako tuNake samAna tiraskRta kiyA thA, usa rASAsuta [karNa] ko yuddhabhUmimeM mAranevAlA yaha madhyama pANDava [arjuna] Apake donoMke caraNoM meM praNAma karatA hai| he tAta ! aura bhI [sunie] samasta kauravoMkA nAza kara DAlanevAlA, duHzAsanake raktase matta hunmA evaM duryodhanako aMdhAtroMko tor3akara yaha bhIma [bhI] prApako zirase namaskAra karatA hai|" isameM apane guNoMke prakaTa karaneke kAraNa yaha 'vicalana' [aGgakA udAharaNa hai| (9)-prada saMrambha [nAmaka prAmarzasandhike navama aGgake lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM][sUtra 98]-[apanI] zaktikA kathana karanA 'saMrambha' [nAmaka aGga kahalAtA hai|56| prAveza bhare do janoMkA uttara-pratyuttara dvArA apanI-apanI zaktikA kathana karanA 'saMrambha' [kahalAtA hai / jaise 'veNIsaMhAra meM duryodhanake prati bhIma kramase kahate haiM]-- "mUrkha ! aura bhI [suna]-- striyoMke samAna [apane sambandhiyoMkA nAza dekhakara tujhe jo rulAyA gayA, aura bhAI [duHzAsana] kI chAtIko phAr3ane aura usakA raktapAna karane meM jo tujhako sAkSI banAyA gyaa| tere kula rUpa kamalinIke lie hAthoke samAna [vinAzaka bhImasenake kruddha honepara bhI tere aba taka sIvita rahanekA yahI kAraNa thA. [anyathA tujhe na jAne kabakA mAra diyA
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________________ 172 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 60, sU0 100 rAjA-durAtman ! bharatakulApasada ! pANDavapazo! nAhaM bhavAniva vikatthanApragalbhaH / kintu drakSyanti na cirAt supta bAndhavAstvAM raNAGgaNe / madugadAbhinnavakSo'sthiveNIkAbhImabhUSaNam // " ityAdIti / asaMrabdhasyApi dRzyate / yathA veNIsaMhAre yudhiSThiraH "nUnaM tenAdya vIreNa prtijnyaabhnggbhiirunnaa| badhyatAM kezapAzaste sa caasyaakrssnnkssmH||" iti / / sampheTe krodhena bhASaNamAtraM saMrambhe tu balakIrtanamityanayorbheda iti // 56 (10) atha zaktiH _[svatra 100]-kruddhaprasAdanaM zaktiH kruddhasya prasAdanaM anukUlanaM buddhi-vibhavAdizaktikAryatvena sA zaktiH / yadi vA kruddhasya dviSataH prakarSaNa sAdanaM vinAzanaM zaktiH / yathA ratnaMvalyAm rAjA-- rAjA-are nIca ! bharatakulakalaMka! pANDavapazo ! maiM tere samAna prAtmazlAghAmeM nipuNa to nahIM hU~ kintu tere bAndhava loga zIghra hI, merI gadAse lUTI huI chAtIkI asthiyoMko mAlAse bhayaMkara bhUSaNoMse yukta tujhako yuddhabhUmimeM sotA huA dekheNge| ityAdimeM [saMrabdhoMke zakti-kIrtanake kAraNa 'saMrambha' kA udAharaNa hai| krodhAvezake binA bhI [zakti-khyApana] dekhA jAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM-- "yudhiSThira-pratijJAke aGga bhaMga honeke bhayase vaha [bhImasena] Aja tumhAre kezapAza ko aura jisane usakA prAkaSaMNa kiyA thA una donoMko [kramazaH] bA~dhe tathA maaregaa| isameM 'badhyatA' pada badhArthaka tathA bandhanArthaka donoM dhAtunoMse samAna rUpameM hI banatA hai| prataH usake donoM artha lagate haiN| yaha vacana yudhiSThirane krodhAvezake binA hI kahA hai| prataH dUsare prakArake 'saMrambha maGgakA udAharaNa hai| prAge isI aAmarza sandhike sampheTa nAmaka tRtIya aGgake sAtha isa 'saMrambha' nAmaka navama aGgakA bheda dikhalAte haiN| 'sampheTa' [aGga] meM kevala kroSase bhASaNa mAtra hotA hai aura 'saMrambha meM zaktikA kIrtana hotA hai yaha ina donoMkA bheda hai // 56 // (10) aba 'zakti' [nAmaka amarza sandhike dazama aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 100] kruddhako prasanna karanA 'zakti' [kahalAtA hai| kuddhako prasanna karanA arthAt anukUla karanA, buddhi yA vaibhava prAvi zaktikA kArya honese vaha [kruddha prasAdana] 'zakti' [kahalAtA hai| athavA kruddha hue zatrukA [prasAdana arthAta prakaraNa sAdana] atyanta vinAza 'zakti' [kahalAtA hai| [pahale prakArakA udAharaNa] jaise ratnAvalImeM-rAjA
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________________ kA0 60, sU0 100 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 173 , "savyAjaiH zapathaiH priyeNa vacasA cittAnuvRttyA bhRzaM, vailakSyeNa pareNa pAdapatanairvAkyaiH sakhInAM muhuH / pratyAsattimupAgatA mama tathA devI rudatyA yathA, prakSAlyeva tayaiva vASpasalilaiH kopo'panIto yathA / " tathA katyArAvaNe saptamAMkasya pUrvArddha--- "kaSTaM bhoH kaSTam-- rAmeNa pralaye neva mahAsattvena liilyaa| pAtito'yaM dazazirAH zRGgavAniva parvataH // " iti / atra virodhino rAvaNasya vinAzanamiti / eke tu nirodhaprazamanaM zaktimAmananti / yathottaracarite - "lavaH-virodho vizrAntaH prasarati raso nirvRtighanaH, tadauddhatyaM kvApi vrajati vinayaH prahvayati mAm / jhagityasmin dRSTe kimapi paravAnasmi yadi vA, mahAghastIrthAnAmiva hi mahatAM ko'pyatizayaH / / " iti / etadapyatraivAntarbhUtam / prasAdane prasatterapi bhAvAt / asti cAtra lavasya kruddhasya manaHprasattiriti / "bahAne banAkara zapathoMke dvArA, priya vacanoMke dvArA, sarvathA cittake anusAra anugamana karaneke dvArA, atyanta lajjAke [anubhava yA prakAzana] dvArA, pairoMpara par3akara aura bAra-bAra sakhiyoMke kahanepara bhI priyA [vAsavadattA] usa prakAra prasannatAko prApta nahIM huI jaisI ki svayaM rotI huI usane AMsuoMse mAno krodhako dhokara bahA diyA ho [arthAt vAsavadattAke ina mAsubhoMne mAno usakA sArA krodha bahA diyA ho|" yaha prathama prakArake prasAdana rUpa zakti aGgakA udAharaNa hai / dUsare lakSaNake anusAra zakti praGgakA udAharaNa mAge dete haiM aura jaise 'kRtyArAvaraNa ke saptamAMkake pUrvAddha meM"are ! bar3e duHkhakI bAta hai ki pralayake samAna mahA-zaktizAlI rAmacandrane bhRGgoMse yukta parvatake samAna isa daza ziroMvAle rAvaNako anAyAsa hI girA diyaa|" isameM virodhI rAvaNakA vinAza kahA gayA hai [ataH yaha dUsare lakSaNake anusAra zakti nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai] / kucha loga viroSake prazama ko 'zakti' kahate haiM / jaise 'uttaracarita'meM-- "lava--[rAmacandrajIke mAjAnese candraketuke sAtha honevAle yuddha meM hama donoM arthAta lava aura candraketukA] virodha zAnta ho gayA aura Ananda pradAna karane vAlA prema [rasa] utpanna ho rahA hai / vaha uddaNDatA [jo mere aba bhItara tho] na jAne kahA~ calI gaI, aura vinaya mujhe [usake sAmane] vinamra banA rahI hai / inako dekhakara na jAne kyoM maiM turanta hI paravaza-sA ho gayA hU~ athavA tIrthokeM samAna mahApuruSoMkA kucha anirvacanIya prabhAva hotA hai| . , isameM yaha [viroSa-vizrAnti bhI isI [kruddha-prasAdana] meM antarbhUta ho jAtI hai| prasAdana
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________________ 174 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA060, sU0 100 prakRtAbhiprAyaviruddhAcaraNaheturabhiprAyo bhAvAntaramaGga atrAnya manyante / yathA tApasavatsarAje SaSThe'Gka-yaugandharAyaNasya vAsavadattAM maraNAdhyavasAyAnivartayitu bhAvaH / tadviraddhA citAviracanakriyA abhiprAyAntarAt kRteti bhAvAntaram / tatra hi-- "yaugandharAyaNaH--bhadra vinItaka ! racaya citAm / " iti / anye tu zakteH sthAne AjJAM paThanti / yuktAyuktamavicArya krodhAd yadAjJApanaM sA AjJA / yathA kRtyArAvaNe trijaTayA dAruNikabhidhAnA rAkSasI pRSTA-- trijaTA-dAruNie kiM tuma bhaNAsi / [dAruNike ! kiM tvaM bhaNasi / iti saMskRtam ] / dAruNikA--ayye tiyaDe ! avi nAma appaDihadA ANA mama sarIre nivaDissai na uNa IdisaM akajjaM karaissaM / [ayi trijaTe ! api nAma apratihatA AjJA mama zarIre nipatiSyati na punarIdRzamakArya kariSyAmi / iti saMskRtam] / trijaTA--tahA vi tumaM dAruNi tti vuccasi / [tathApi tvaM dAruNikA ityucyase / iti saMskRtam ] (punaH kramAnnepathye-) meM [prasatti] prasannatAke bhI pA jAnese / aura yahA~ kuddha lavake manako prasatti arthAt prasannatA haiN| [ataH yaha kruddha prasAdana rUpa zaktike bhItara hI pA jAtA hai| usakA alaga lakSaNa karane ko prAvazyakatA nahIM hai| anya loga prakRta abhiprAyake viruddha prAcaraNake hetubhUta abhiprAya-rUpa bhAvAntarako isake sthAna para aGga mAnate haiN| jaise tApasavatsarAjake SaSTha aGkameM yaugandharAyaNakA vAsaghadattAko maraNase bacAne kA abhiprAya hai| kintu usake viparIta citA banAnekI kriyA dUsare abhiprAyase karAI hai| isalie vaha bhAvAntara [aGga kA udAharaNa hai| jaise ki vahA~ yaugandha rUpaNa kahate haiM] "yaugandharAyaNa--he bhadra vinItaka ! citA banA do| yaha [yaugandharAyaNakA vacana unake prakRta abhiprAyake viparIta honese bhAvAntarakA udAharaNa hai ] / ___anya loga zaktike sthAnapara prAjJA [nAmaka aGga] ko rakhate haiN| ucita-anucitakA vicAra kie binA krodhase jo prAga de denA hai usako prAjJA [aGga] kahate haiN| jaise kRtyArAvaraNameM trijaTA dAruriNakA nAmako rAkSasIse pUchatI hai / trijaTA--he dAruNike ! tuma kyA kaha rahI ho ? dAruriNakA--he pAyeM trijaTe ! [rAvaraNako] apratihata prAjJA mere zarIrapara bhale hI gire [arthAt rAvaNa bhale hI mujhe jAna se maravA DAle kintu maiM isa prakArakA anucita kArya nahIM kruuNgii| trijaTA-phira bhI loga tumako dAruNikA [nAmase kahate haiN| phira kramase neyathyameM
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________________ kA0 60, sU0 66 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 175 "ddA tiyaDe ! esA de piyasahI sIdA bhattaNo mAyAsira dasa guppattI maraNanicchayA aggiM pavisiukAmA / [hA trijaTe eSA te priyasakhI sItA bharturmAyAzirodarzanotpattimaraNanizcayA agniM praveSTukAmA ] | trijaTA - hA hadamma maMdabhAiNI mA dANi divveNa bhattuNo ANA saMpAdIyadi / [ hA hatAsmi mandabhAginI / mA idAnIM daivena bhatu rAjJA sampAdyate ] | etasmAdavasIyate sItAvyApAdanAya krodhAda rAvaNena dAruNikAyai prAjJA datteti / sarvasandhiSvapi matAntarANi vRddhoktavAt bhaNitibhedAda vaicitryasya raJjakasvAcca pramANAnyeva / ata eva sarvasandhiSvapyaMga saMkhyAkaraNamudAiraNaparamiti mantavyamiti / atha prarocanA [ sUtra 100 ] - bhAvasiddhiH prarocanA / nirvahaNasandhI bhAvino'rthasya siddhiH siddhatvenopakramaNaM prakarSeNa rocyate dIpyate'nayA rUpakArthaM iti prarocanA / yathA veNIsaMhAre pAJcAlakaH - [ 'ahaM ca devena cakrapANinA' ityupakramya ] kRtaM sandehena - pUryantAM salilena ratnakalazA rAjyAbhiSekAya te kRSNAtyantacirojjhite ca kabarIbandhe karotu kSaNam / hA trijaTe ! tumhArI yaha priya sakhI sItA svAmI [ rAmacandrake] banAvaTI zirako dekhaneke kAraNa deneke nizcaya karake agnimeM praviSTa honA cAhatI hai / trijaTA - are meM prabhAginI marI / bhagavAn kare isa samaya svAmI [rAvaraNa] kI zrAzApUrNa na ho sake / isa [saMvAda] se pratIta hotA hai ki rAvaNane dAdarikAko sItAko mAra DAlane kI AjJA dI thI / [ isalie yaha 'prAjJA' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| kyoMki vaha prAjJA krodhAvezameM hI dI gaI hai| sabhI saMdhiyoMmeM [proMke viSayameM] anya-anya [ lakSaraNa prastuta karanevAle ] mata vRddhoM dvArA kathita honese aura varNana zailI ke bhedase utpanna vaicitryake manoraJjaka honeke kAraNa pramANabhUta [mAnya] hI hai / isIlie sabhI saMdhiyoMmeM zraGgoMkI gaNanA kevala udAhararaNa-paraka samajhanI cAhie / [arthAt usI prakArake anya aGga bhI ho sakate haiN| vaha saMkhyA nizcita nahIM hai yaha samajhanA cAhie] / aba 'prarocanA' [nAmaka vimarzasaMdhike dazama zraGgake lakSaraNa zrAdi karate haiM ] -- Age honevAlI siddhi [ kA kathana ] 'prarocanA' [kahalAtI ] 1 nirvahaNa saMdhimeM Age honevAle arthakI siddhi, artha yA usako siddha hI mAnakara kaMthana karanA jisake dvArA rUpakakA viSaya prakarSase prakAzita yA dIpta hotA hai [ isa vyutpattike dhanusArI 'prarocanA' [kahalAtI] hai / jaise 'veNIsaMhAra' meM - pAJcAlaka --- - [ mujhe deva cakramANi kRSNa ne yahA~se lekara ] saMdehakI koI prAvazyakatA nahIM hai [isa lie ]
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________________ 176 ] nATyadarpaNam kA 60, sU0 100 rAme zAtakuThArabhAsurakare kSabamocche dini krodhAndhe ca vRkodare paripatatyAjI kutaH sNshyH||| __ atra yudhiSThirarAjyAbhiSekasya dropadIkezasaMyamanasya ca bhAvino'pi siddhatvena kalpanam / __ yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye saptame'ke sItAyA vadanaM vikAzamayatA rAmasya zokAnalaH zAnti yAtu sagItayazca jabhujainRtyantu shaakhaamRgaaH| sandhAnAya vibhISaNaH prayatatAM laMkAdhipatyazriyaH saumitredezakaNTha-kaNThavipinaM kAlaH kiyAMzchindataH // iti / anye tu satkArA dezana prarocanAmAhuH / yathA veNIsaMhAre yudhiSThiraH- [puruSabhavalokya ] bhadra ucyatAM sahadevaH kraddhasya vRkodarasyApayuSitAM dAruNAM pratijJAmupalabhya praNaSTasya mAninaH kauravanAthasya padavImavekSitumatinipuNamatayaH, teSu teSu sthAneSu parAtmavedinacArA, mantriNaH sacivAzca bhaktimantaH paTupaTa havyaktaghoSaNAH suyodhanasaJcAravedinaH pratizrutadhana-pUjA-pratyupakriyAH saJcarantu samantapaJcakamiti / dhana-pUjApratizravaNapracoditAH pratyupakAre vatiSyante duryodhanapratilambhavArtAyai / iti / Apa [arthAt yudhiSThira apane rAjyAbhiSekake lie pApa ratnoMke kalazoMko jalase bharavAveM, aura draupadIke bahuta dinoMse khule hue kezapAzako bA~dhanekA utsava kre| kyoMki tIkSNa kuThArase dIpta karavAle kSatriya rUpa vRkSoMko kATanevAle parazurAma aura krodhAndha bhIma ke saMgrAma meM zrA jAne para [vijayameM ] kyA saMdeha hai ? __ isa [pAJcAlakake kathana meM prAge honevAle yudhiSThirake rAjyAbhiSeka tathA draupadIke kezabaMdhana rUpa arthako siddha-sA mAna liyA gayA hai| [ataeva yaha 'prarocanA' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise rAghavAbhyudayake saptam aGkameM sItAkA mukha prasannatAse khila uThe, rAmacaMdajIkI zokAnala zAMta ho jAya, vAnara loga gIta gAte hue aura hAtha hilAte hue nAceM, aura vibhISaNa laGkAkI rAjyalakSmIko prApta karane kA prayatna prArambha kara de, kyoMki lakSmaNako rAvaNake kaNThoMke vanako kATanemeM kitanI dera laganI hai [tanika derameM kATa ddaaleNge| isameM Age honevAlI bAtoMko siddhavat varNana kiyA gayA hai| isalie yaha 'prarocanA' aGgakA udAharaNa hai| anya loga satkArako prAjJAko 'prarocanA' kahate haiM / jaise 'veNIsaMhAra'meM yudhiSThira-[puruSakI mora dekhakara] bhadra sahadevase kaha ki kruddha bhImakI bAsI na honevAlI [arthAt Aja hI pUrI honevAlI duryodhanake vadhako] : tirako sunakara chipa gae hue abhimAnI kauravarAjake sthAnakA patA lagAneke lie una-una sthAnoMpara apane aura zatrupakSake pahicAnanevAle guptacara, maMtrI aura bhaktimAna saciva aura tIvra paTaha vAdya dvArA spaSTa rUpase ghoSaNA dhana pUjA prAvi puraskArako sUcanA prApta, duryodhanake gamanAgamana [ke sthAnoM ko
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________________ kA0 60, sU0 101-102 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 177 anye tvasya sthAne yukti paThanti / yukti savicchedoktiH / yathA puSpa dUtike -- "samudradattaH- (12) athAdAnam - bhartA tavAhamiti kaSTadazAviru putrastavaiSa kuta ityanuhAranA / zastraM puraH patati kiM karavAhin vyaktaM viraumi yadi sAbhyupatsyate mAm // " iti / [ sUtra 101] - phalasAmIpyamAdAnam | mukhya phalasya darzanamAdAnam / yathA nAgAnande - [nAyakamuddizya ] garuDaH --- nAgAnAM rakSitA bhAti gurureSa yathA mama / tathA sarpAnAkAMkSA vyaktamayApanedhyati // atra nAgarakSAlakSaNasya mukhyaphalasya sAmIpyanibandha iti / (13) atha vyavasAyaH [ sUtra 102 ] - vyavasAyo'rthya hetuyuk / / 60 / / haiM ] - jAnanevAle logoMko samaMta paJcakake cAroM zrora bheja deM / badalemeM dhana pUjA prAdike zrAzvAsana se prerita hokara duryodhanako pakar3avAneke [lie] samAcAra deneko taiyAra ho jAyeMge / isameM duryodhanakA patA lagAnevAloMko satkAra dhana AdikA pralobhana denekA jo vacana diyA gayA hai vahI 'prarocanA' hai / anya loga isa [prarocanA ] ke sthAnapara yukti [aGga ] ko par3hate haiM / jaise puSpahUtika samudradatta [ kahatA hai ] - meM "maiM tumhArA svAmI hU~ yaha [kahanA isa ] kaSTadazAke viparIta hai / yaha tumhArA putra hai [ yaha kahA jAya ] to phira yaha anudAratA kyoM ? zastrakA prahAra honevAlA hai aba kyA karU, yadi spaSTa rUpase rotA-cillAtA hU~ to vaha mujhako jAna legI / " (12) aba 'zravavAna' [ nAmaka vimarzasaMdhike bArahaveM praGgakA lakSaNa zrAdi karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 101] phalakA samIpa dIkhanA 'AdAna' kahalAtA hai / mukhya phalakA [ samIpa ] dIkhanA 'zrAdAna' kahalAtA hai| jaise nAgAnandameM nAyakako lakSya karake garur3a [ kahate haiM ] "nAgoMke rakSaka ye [ jImUtavAhana] mere guruse pratIta hote haiM isalie aba sA~poMko khAne kI [merI ] icchA nizcaya hI samApta ho jAyagI / " isameM nAgoM kI rakSA rUpa mukhya kAryake sAmIpyakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| [ata eva yaha 'AdAna' nAmaka isa aGgakA udAharaNa hai] (13) aba 'vyavasAya' [ nAmaka vimarzasaMdhike terahaveM zrRGgakA lakSaraNa zrAdi karate [sUtra 102 ] - prarthanIya phalake hetukA yoga 'vyavasAya' [kahalAtA ] hai / 60|
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________________ 178 ] 'yugiti' yojana' yuk / valyAm "aindrajAlikapravezAdAramya - 'eko uNa kheDao tae avassaM pekkhidavvo' [ekaH punaH khelakastvayAvazyaM prekSitavyaH ] iti yAvat / atra hi yaugandharAyaNna yadagIkRtaM tanniSpAdaka hetusamAgamaH / sandhimapIti / nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 60, sU0 102 zrarthanIya phalasya hetustadyogo vyavasAyaH / yathA ratnA anye tu 'vyavasAyaH svazaktyuktiH' iti paThanti / yathA veNIsaMhArenUna' tenAdya vIreNa pratijJAbhaMgabhIruNA / badhyate kezapAzaste sa cAsyAkarSaNa kSamaH // iti / etacca 'saMrambhaH zaktikIrtanam' ityanenaiva saMgRhItamiti / kecidanyatamAGgAnaGgIkAreNa dvAdazAGgamevaitaM sandhimicchanti / evaM garbha etAnyavamarza sandhestrayodazAGgAni / atha nirvahaNamandheraGgAni lakSayitumuddizati- [sUtra 103 ] - sandhi-nirodho grathanaM nirNayaH paribhASaNam / upAstiH kRtirAnandaH samayaH parigUhanam // 61 // 'yuka' arthAt yojn| zrarthanIya phalakA jo hetu usakA yoga 'vyavasAya' [ kahalAtA ] hai / jaise ratnAvalI meM - aindrajAlikake praveza se lekara 'merA eka khela zrApako zravazya dekhanA cAhie' yahA~ taka [prarthanIya phalakA yoga honese vyavasAya zraGgakA udAharaNa hai ] / isameM yaugaMdharAyaNane [ udayana tathA vAsavadattAkA sambaMdha karAnekA ] jo nizcaya kiyA thA usake sampAdaka hetukA samAgama ho rahA hai [zrata eva yaha 'vyavasAya' nAmaka praGgakA udAharaNa hai ] / anya loga to " apanI zaktikA kathana karanA 'vyavasAya' [kahalAtA ] hai" aisA lakSaNa karate haiM / jaise veraNIsaMhAra meM- "pratijJAkA bhaGga na hone pAve isa bhayase vaha vIra [bhImasena ] nizcaya hI prAja tumhAre kezapAzako bA~dhegA aura jisa [duHzAsana] ne isako khIMcA thA usako mAregA / " yahA~ 'badhyate' yaha pada badhArthaka tathA baMdhArthaka donoM dhAtunoMse samAna rUpameM hI banatA hai isalie usakA eka pakSameM bA~dhanA aura dUsare pakSameM mAranA donoM hI artha hote haiM / [kucha loga 'vyavasAya' kA 'vyavasAyaH svazaktyuktiH' aisA lakSaNa karate haiM] kintu yaha "zaktikA kathana karanA saMrambha [ zraGga kahalAtA ] hai" isa [ saMrambha praGga ] ke bhItara hI zrA jAtA hai [ zrataH vyavasAyakA yaha lakSaraNa ucita nahIM hai ] / kucha loga [vimarzasaMdhike teraha aGgoM meM se ] kisI praGgako na mAnakara isa saMdhike bAraha aGga hI mAnate haiM / isI prakAra garbhasaMdhi meM bhI [bAraha praGga ho mAnate haiM ] / ye zravamarzasaMdhike teraha aGga haiM // 60 // nirvahaNa sandhi ke caudaha aGga aba nirvahaNasaMdhi ke praGgoMke lakSaraNa karane ke lie unake nAma ginAte haiM [ sUtra 103 ka ] ( 1 ) saMdhi, (2) nirodha, (3) prathana, (4) nirNaya, (5) paribhASaNa, (6) upAsanA, (7) kRti, (8) zrAnanda, (6) samaya, (10) parigrahana | 61 |
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________________ kA0 62-63, sU0 104-105 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 176 bhASaNaM kAvyasaMhAra-pUrvAbhAva-prazastayaH / caturdazAGgo nirvAhaH, vizeSAnupAdAnAt sarvANyapyetAni pradhAnAni // 61 // (1) atha sandhiH [sUtra 104]-sandhi/japhalAgamaH // 62 // mukhasandhau nyastasya prArambhAvasthAviSayIkRtasya bIjasya udghATonmukhyAdhaivikAraiH phale phalAgamAvasthAyAmAgamana DhaukanaM sandhiH / yathA ratnAvalyAma-- __ vasubhUtiH-[ agnividravAnantaraM sAgarikAM nirvarNya ] bAbhravya ! susahazIyaM rAjaputryAH / bAbhravyaH--mamApyevameva manasi / iti / atra mukhe yadupta bIjaM tannikaTIbhUtamiti / idamaGgamavazyaM nibandhanIyama // 62 / / (2) atha nirodhaH [sUtra 105]-nirodhaH kArya mImAMsA / naSTasya kAryasya yuktaye yadanveSaNaM tniruddhvstuvissytvaannirodhH| yathA litarAme ladamaNena baddhvA pAnIto lavo yajJArthaM sItApratikRtimupakalpitAM rAmasadasi dRSTa vA svagatamAha [sUtra 103 kha]-(11) bhASaNa, (12) kAvyopasaMhAra, (13) pUrvabhAva tathA (14) prazaMsA, nirvahaNa [saMdhi] ke ye caudaha aGga hote haiN| [anya saMdhiyoMke samAna inameM gauNa aura mukhyakA] bheda na kie jAnese ye sabhI mukhya praGga haiM [inameM koI bhI aGga gauraNa nahIM hai] / 61 / (1) aba 'saMdhi' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike prathama aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 104]-bIjakA phala rUpa taka pahuMcanA 'saMdhi' [nAmaka praGga kahalAtA hai / 62 // mukhasaMdhimeM Aropita prArambhAvasthA bIjarUpakA, udghATana-ponmukhya prAdi vikAroM ke dvArA phala arthAt phala-prAptiko avasthAmeM A jAnA arthAt pahu~ca jAnA 'saMdhi' [nAmaka aGga kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM _ "vasubhUti-[agnidAhake upadravAdike bAda sAgarikAko dekhakara he bAbhravya ! yaha to rAjaputrIke samAna mAlUma hotI hai| . bAbhravya-mere mana meM bhI yahI bAta hai| yahA~ mukhasaMdhimeM jisa [sAgarikA prApti rUpa] bojakA vapana kiyA gayA thA vaha [prAptike atyanta nikaTa pahuMca gayA hai / isa aGgakI racanA avazya hI karanI caahie|62|| (2) aba 'nirodha' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike dvitIya aMgakA lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM]-- [sUtra 105]-kAryakA vicAra karanA 'nirodha' [kahalAtA hai| vinaSTa kAryake banAneke lie jo anusaMdhAna karanA vaha niruddha [vinaSTa] vastu-viSayaka honese 'nirodha' [kahalAtA hai| jaise chalitarAmameM [azvamedhayajJakA ghor3A pakar3aneke kAraNa lakSmaNa dvArA bAMdhakara lAyA huA lava. rAmake sabhA-bhavanameM yajJake lie banAI huI sItAkI suvarNamayI pratimAko dekhakara apane manameM kahatA hai
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________________ 180 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 63, sU0 106 "lava:--aye kamiyamambA rAjadvAramAgatA / [utthAya sahasopasRtyAJjali baddhavA] amba ! abhivaadye| [nirUpya] kathamiyaM kaanycnmyii| [apamRtyopavizati, sarve parasparamavalokayanti] / rAmaH--[dRSTa vA] vatsa ! kimiyaM tava maataa| lavaH-rAjan ! jJAyate saiveyamasmajjananI, kintveSA devI bhUSaNojjvalA / [rAmaH savASpaM haste gRhItvA samIpe upavezayati] / lakSmaNa:--[sAstram ] AyuSman ! kinnAmadheyA sA devAnAM priyasya jnnii| lavaH-tAM khalu mAtAmaho asmAkamabhidhatte sIteti / . lakSmaNaH--[savASpaM rAmasya pAdayornipatya] Arya ! diSTyA vardhase, saputrA jIvatyAryA / " atra naSTaya sItAjIvanakAryasya yuktyA mImAMseti / (3) atha prathanam [sUtra 106]-grathanaM kAryadarzanam / kAyeM mukhyaphalam / athyate sambadhyate vyApAreNa mukhyaphalamaneneti prathanam / yathA veNIsaMhAre "bhImasenaH-pAJcAli ! na khalu mayi jIvati saMhatecyA duHzAsanavilulitA veNirAtmapANinA / tiSThatu tiSThatu svayamevAhaM saMhagami / " iti / "lava-are, ye mAtAjI rAjAke dvArapara kaise prAI ? [uThakara aura sahasA pAsa jAkara aura hAtha jor3akara-he mAtAjI ! namaste ! [dekhakara] are yaha to sonekI hai| [haTakara baiTha jAtA hai| saba loga eka-dUsareko dekhane lagate haiN| rAma---[dekhakara] he vatsa ! kyA ye tumhArI mAtAjI haiN| lava-he rAjan ! aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki ye hamArI ve mAtA hI haiM / kintu yaha devI to bhUSaNa dhAraNa kie hue hai| [rAmacaMdra rote hue hAtha pakar3akara lavako pAsa biThAlate haiN| lakSmaNa-[rote hue] prAyuSman ! tumhArI mAtAjIkA kyA nAma hai ? lava-unako hamAre nAnAjI sItA kahate haiN| lakSmaNa-[ rote hue rAmacaMdrake pairoMpara girakara ] pArya, bhAgyase prApakI vRddhi hai| mAryA [sItA] putra sahita jIvita haiN|" - yahA~ sItAke jIvanarUpa vinaSTa hue kAryakI yukti dvArA mImAMsA kI hai| [ataH yaha nirodha nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai] / (3) aba 'prathana' nAmaka nirvahaNa saMdhike tRtIya aGgakA lakSaNa Adi karate haiM]sUtra 106]-kAryakA dikhalAI denA 'prathana' kahalAtA hai| kArya arthAt mukhya phala / jisa vyApArake dvArA mukhya phala prathita.arthAt sambaddha hotA hai vaha 'prathana' [aGga] hai / jaise veNIsaMhArameM ___ "bhImasena he pAJcAli ! mere jIvita rahate duHzAsanake dvArA khIMce gae kezoMko apane hAthase mata bAMdhanA / Thaharo-Thaharo, maiM svayaM abhI bA~dhatA huuN|"
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________________ kA0 63, sU0 107 ] prathamo vivekaH yatra draupadIkezasaMyamanakAryasya vyApAreNa grathanamiti / (4) atha nirNaya: ..... [sa] 107] - nirNayo'nubhavakhyAtiH ! jJeye'rthe sandiddAnaM apratiyayamAnaM vA prati yadanubhavasyAnubhUtasyArthasya nirNayArtha kathana tat jJeyArthanirNayAt nirNayaH / yathA yAdavAbhyudaye samudravijayaM prati"vasudevaH -- [sapramodam ] deva ! mayA kaMsapratibhayena kRSNaM gokule gopayatA yo mahAna klezo'nubhUtastasya phalamidAnImabhUt / kintu lokaparijJAnabhayena yanmayA devapAdAnAmapi na vijJapta tatra devena kSantavyam / " atra vasudevena svAnubhUtaM kRSNagopanaklezaM samudravijayo bodhitaH / yathA vA puSpadUtike prakaraNe 'kinnAmanakSatro'yaM bAlakaH' iti samudradattena pRSThaH senApatiH 'vizAkhA nakSatro 'yaM bAlakaH' ityAha / samudradattaH zrutvA pUrvAnubhUtaM nandayantIsamAgamaM smarannAha - 'tadA kila nandayantyA puSTena mayA kathitaM yathA- etau tau pratidRzyete cArucandrasamaprabhau / khyAtau kalyANanAmAnau ubhau tiSyapunarvasU | tadAdhAnAd dazamaM janma nakSatramiti jyotiHzAstrasamaryAvido yad bruvate tadupapannameveti / isameM draupadIke kezoMke bA~dhaneka rUpa kAryakA vyApAra dvArA grathana kiyA hai / (4) aba 'nirNaya ' [ nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike caturtha aGgakA lakSaraNa Adi karate haiM ] - [sUtra 107 ] - anubhavakA kathana karanA 'nirNaya' [ kahalAtA ] hai / jAnane yogya arthake viSaya meM saMdehayukta yA prajJAnayukta vyakti ke prati jo nirNayake lie anubhUta arthakA kathana karanA hai vaha, jJeya arthakA nirNaya karanevAlA honese 'nirNaya' [kahalAtA ] hai / jaise yAdavAbhyudayameM samudravijayake prati vasudeva kahate haiM "vasudeva -- [zrAnandake sAtha ] deva kaMsake bhayake kAraNa kRSNako gokulameM chipAkara rakhane meM maiMne jo kaSTa uThAe unakA phala zrAja prApta ho gayA / kintu logoMko mAlUma ho jAneke bhaya se jo maiMne zrApako bhI nahIM batalAyA usake lie zrApa kSamA kareM / " yahA~ vasudevane apane anubhUta kRSNake chipAneke klezako samudra vijayako sUcanA dii| zrathavA jaise puSpavRtika [nAmaka ] prakaraNa meM -- " yaha bAlaka kisa nakSatra meM utpanna huA hai" isa prakAra samudradatta ke dvArA pUche jAnepara senApati - "yaha bAlaka vizAkhA nakSatramekA haiM" yaha kahate haiM / isako sunakara samudradatta pUrvAnubhUta nandayaMtI ke samAgamako smaraNa karate hue kahate haiM ki "usa samaya naMdayaMtIke dvArA pUche jAnepara maiMne usase kahA thA ki candramAke samAna sundara kAMti vAle aura prasiddha sundara nAmavAle ye donoM tiSya aura punarvasU ke samAna dikhalAI dete haiM / usako dhyAna meM rakhanese jyotiHzAstra ke paNDita jo yaha kahate haiM ki inakA janma-nakSatra dazama hai so ThIka hI hai / " [ 181
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________________ 182 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 63, sU0 108 (5) atha paribhASA [sUtra 108] - paribhASA svanindanam // 63 // . svAparAdhoghaTTanaM paribhASA / yathA tApasavatsarAjacarite vAsavadattAM prati"rAjA-[ sAsram ] devi ! kiM bravISi yathA tathA dhRtaprANaM niHsnehaM nirapatrapam / AnandAmRtavarSiNyA dRSTayApyanugRhANa mAm / / yathA vA nalavilAse damayantI prati nalaH "na prema nihitaM citta na cAcAraH satAM smRtaH / tyajatA tvAM vane devi ! mayA dAruNamAhitam / / " yathA vA rAghavAbhyudaye rAmaH [svagatam ] "vaidehI hRtavAMstadeSa mahata: saMkhye viSaya klamAna , cakrotpATitakandharo dazamukhaH kiinaashdaasiikRtH| prANAn yadvirahe'pyahaM vidhRtavAMstena trapApAMsuraM, vaktraM darzayitu tathApi na purastasyA vilakSaH kSamaH / / " eSu vatsarAja-nala-rAmacandrANAM svAparAdhodghaTTanamiti / etadaGga rajakatvA. datrAvazyaM nibandhanIyam / (5) aba 'paribhASaNa' [nAmaka nirvaharaNa saMdhike paJcama aGgakA lakSaNa prAvikahate haiM]--- apanI nindA karanA 'paribhASaNa' [kahalAtA hai / 63 / [sUtra 108]-apane aparAdhako prakAzita karanA 'paribhASA' [praGga kahalAtA hai| jaise tApasavatsarAja caritameM vAsavadattAke prati [rAjA udayana kahate haiM] "rAjA-rote hue] devi ? kyA kahatI ho sneharahita aura nirlajja, jaise-taise apane prANa dhAraNa karanevAle mujhako tuma apanI mAnaMdAmRtako barasAnevAlI dRSTise anugRhIta kro|" athavA jaise nalavilAsameM nala damayaMtIke prati [kahate haiM] "maiMne [tumako vanameM sotA chor3akara jAte samaya na tumhAre premakA manameM vicAra kiyA pora na sajjana-puruSoMke praacaarkaa| he devi ! tumako vanameM chor3akara maiMne atyaMta niSThuratAkA kArya kiyA thaa|" athavA jaise rAmAbhyudayameM rAma [svagata kahate haiM] -- "isa [rAvaNa ne vaidehIkA apaharaNa kiyA thA isalie yuddhameM nAnA prakAra ke klezoMko uThAkara cakrase gale kATakara usa rAvaNako yamarAjakA dAsa banA diyaa| kintu tumhAre viyoga meM bhI jo maiM prANa dhAraNa kie rahA isa lajjAke kAraNa maiM apane malina mukhako tumhAre sAmane dikhalA nahIM pAtA huuN|" ina [tInoM udAharaNoM] meM [kramazaH] vatsarAja, nala aura rAmacaMdra apane-apane aparAdhoM ko prakAzita karate haiM [isalie ye 'paribhASaNa' nAmaka praGgakA udAharaNa haiN| manoraaMka hone ke kAraNa isa aGgakI racanA avazya hI karanI caahie| kucha loga 'prApasameM bAtacItako paribhASaraNa' kahate haiN| isameM bhI yahI [vatsarAja,
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________________ kA064, sU0 186 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 183 eke tu 'paribhASA mitho jalpa.' iti paThanti / atrApIdamevodAharaNamiti // 6 // (5) athopArita: __ [sUtra 106]-sevopAstiH / sevA para-prasattiheturvyApAraH / yathA veNIsaMhAre "bhImaH-[draupadImapusRtya] devi pAJcAlatanaye ! diSTa cA vardhase ripukulkssyenn|" anena, bhImena draupadyAH prasAditatvAt paryupAstiH / yathA vA raghuvilAse"rAmaH savinayaM sItAM prati]-- prANAna yadvirahe'pyahaM vidhRtavAn devi ! priyaprANitastat kSantavyamazeSameSa samayaH smerAkSi ! naiva krudhAm / saumitreH kapibharturasya ca manaHprItyai tadehi priye, hastiskandhamalaM kuruSva nanu te pUrNa prtijnyaavdhiH|" ___ atra rAmasya siitaaprsttihetuaapaar:| anye tvasya sthAne priyahitAcaraNajanitAM prasatti prasAda maGgamAhuH / yathA tApasa vatsarAje gRhItapancAlAdhipati rumaNvantaM yaugandharAyaNaM ca prati--- nala tathA rAmacaMdra tInoMkI uktiyA~] udAharaNa haiM / 63 / (6). aba 'upAsti' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike SaSTha aGgakA lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM[sUtra 106]-sevA [kA hI nAma] 'upAsti' [upAsanA] hai| sevA arthAt dUsareko prasanna karanevAlA vyApAra [upAsanA upAsti kahalAtA hai jaise veNIsaMhArameM ''bhIma---[draupadIke pAsa jAkara] he devi pAJcAlatanaye ! saubhAgyase zatrukulake nAzase tumhArI vRddhi ho rahI hai|" isake dvArA bhImake draupadIko prasanna karanese yaha paryupAsana [kA udAharaNa] hai / prathavA jaise raghuvilAsameM"rAma [vinayapUrvaka sItAke prati] he devi ! tumhAre virahameM bhI apane jIvanakA premI maiM jo prAraNa dhAraNa kie rahA usa sabako kSamA kro| he smerAkSi ! yaha samaya krodhakA nahIM hai / lakSmaNa aura isa vAnararAja [sugrIva ke manako prasanna karaneke lie prAno hAthokI pIThako alaMkRta kro| tumhArI pratijJA ko avadhi samApta ho cukI hai|" yahA~ sItAko prasanna karanevAlA rAmakA vyApAra hai [ataH yaha bhI 'upAsti' nAmaka aGgakA udAharaNa hai| ___ anya loga to isa [upAsti] ke sthAnapara priya tathA hitake kie jAneke kAraNa [honevAlI manako] prasannatA rUpa 'prasAda' ko aGga kahate haiM / jaise tApasavatsarAjameM pAJcAlAdhipatike pakar3a lie jAneke bAda rumaNvAna aura yaugaMdharAyaNake prati --
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________________ 184 / nATyadapeNam / kA0 64, sU0 110 "rAjA--sAdhu sacivAgresara ! sAdhuH zlAghyA dhIrdhiSaNasya rAvaNavaza yAtaH surANAM patiH, sarva vettyuzanA rasAtalamahAkAlAndhakAre baliH / ityasmAnanapekSya vairivijayaprAptIjasoH ke vayaM, stotAraH svayameva vettu yuvayorlokastayozcAntaram // " atra vatsarAjasyAmAtyAbhyAM priyahitAcaraNa janitA prasattiriti / (7) atha kRtiH . [sUtra 110]-kRtiH kSemam / labdhasya paripAlana kSemaH / yathA ratnAvalyAm "vAsavadattA-ayyautta dUre se NAdiulaM / tA tadhA karesi jadhA baMdhuaraNaM na sumredi| [Aryaputra dUre'syA jJAtikulam / tat tathA kuryAH yathA bandhujana na smarati / iti saMskRtam ] / " anena labdhAyA ratnAvalyAH sthirIkaraNam / / anye punarasya sthAne prAptasya prAtikUlyazamana dyutimAhuH / yathA mudrArAkSase"cANakyaH-amAtya rAkSasa ! apISyate candanadAsasya jovitam ? rAjA-sAdhu [zAbAza] sacivoMmeM agragaNya sAdhu [zAbAza] - vRhaspatikI buddhi bar3I zlAghanIya mAnI jAtI hai kintu [ve jina iMdra ke maMtrI haiM vaha] indra [apane zatru] rAvaNake vazameM phaMsa gyaa| [loga kahate haiM] zukrAcArya saba-kucha jAnate haiM kintu vi jinake maMtrI haiM vaha] bali pAtAlake mahAaMdhakArameM par3A hai / isalie hamArI apekSA ke binA hI vairI [pAJcAlarAja] para vijaya prApta kara leneke kAraNa aparimita parAkramazIla prApa donoMkI prazaMsA karanevAlA maiM kauna hotA hU~, saMsAra svayaM hI tumhArA aura una donoM [arthAt vRhaspati tathA zukrAcArya] ke aMtarako samajhale / [arthAt tuma donoMkI pratibhA bRhaspati tathA uzanA se kahIM adhika hai isameM koI saMzaya nahIM hai|" ___isameM [rumaNvAna tathA yaugaMdharAyaNa] donoM amAtyoMke dvArA kie gae [vairivijaya tathA sAgarikA saMyojana rUpa] priya tathA hitake kAraNa vatsarAjakI prasannatA [kA varNana hai [prataH yaha prasAda rUpa aGgakA udAharaNa hai] / (7) aba 'kRti' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike saptama aGgake lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM][sUtra 110]-kSemako kRti kahate haiN| prAptakI rakSA karanA 'kSema' [kahalAtA hai| jaise ratnAvalImeM "vAsavadattA--Aryaputra ! isa [sAgarikA ke gharake loga [mAtA-pitA] bahuta dUra rahate hai| isalie prApa aisA yatna kareM jisase isako baMdhujanoMkI yAda na Ave / " isa [kathana] se prApta ratnAvalIko sthira kiyA jA rahA hai| [ataH yaha labdha-paripAlana rUpa 'kSema' aGgakA udAharaNa hai| anya loga to isa [labdha-ripAlana rUpa kSema] ke sthAnapara prAptake pratikUlatAke zamana rUpa yutiko [aGga mAnate haiM / jaise mudrArAkSasameM "cANakya-amAtya rAkSasa ! kyA Apa caMdanadAsake jIvana kI rakSA ko cAhate haiM ?
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________________ kA064, sU0 110 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 185 rAkSasaH-mo viSNugupta.! kutaH sandehaH / ___ cANakyaH-agRhItazastreNa bhavatA nAnugRhyate vRSala ityataH sandehaH / tadyadi satyameva candanadAsasya jIvitamiSyate gRhyatAmidaM zastram / rAkSasa:-viSNugupta ! mA maivm| ayogyA vayamasya / vizeSatastvayA gRhItasya grhnne| punarbahu prazasya rAkSasaM cANakya AhacANakyaH--kimanena ? bhavataH zastragrahaNamantareNa na candanadAsasya jIvita masti / rAkSasa:-namaH sarvakAryapratipattihetave suhRtsnehAya / na kA gatiH / eSa gRhNAmi / " etallabdhasya rAkSasasya sAcivyagrahaNavAmatAprazamanAd aa tiH / apare tu krodhAdeH prAptasya zamana dyutimAmananti / yathA veNIsaMhAre"bhImasenaH-rAjaputri ! alaM mAmavalokya trAsena kRSTA yenAsi rAjJAM sadasi nRpazunA tena duHzAsanena | styAnAnyetAni tasya spRza mama karayoH pItazeSANya sRji / rAkSasa---he viSNugupta ! [isameM] kyA saMdeha hai ? cANakya-zastrako [maMtripada ko grahaNa karake pApa vRSala [caMdragupta ko anugRhIta nahIM kara rahe haiM isalie saMdeha hai| isalie yadi sacamuca hI caMdanadAsake jIvanako [bacAnA] cAhate haiM to isa zastra [maMtripada ko svIkAra kro| rAkSasa-he viSNugupta ! na-na, aisI bAta mata kro| hama isake yogya nahIM haiM / aura vizeSakara tumhAre dvArA grahaNa kie zistra yA maMtripada] ke grahaNa meM / hama bilakula hI ayogya hai| phira aneka prakArase rAkSasakI atyaMta prazaMsA karake cANakya kahatA hai--- cANakya----isa sabase kyA lAbha ? [sIdhI-sI bAta yaha hai ki tumhAre zastra grahaNa [maMtripadako svIkAra kie binA caMdanadAsakA jIyana nahIM baca sakatA hai| rAkSasa--[mitrako rakSAke lie aniSTa kArya bhI svIkAra hI karanA par3atA hai isalie] saba kAryoMko svIkAra karaneke hetubhUta mitra-snehako namaskAra hai| aura koI mArga nahIM hai / isalie isa [maMtripada] ko svIkAra karatA huuN| yaha prApta hue rAkSasake saciva padake svIkAra karane meM virodhakA zamana hai isalie pati [nAmaka graMgakA udAharaNa hai| anya loga to prApta honevAle krodha prAdike zamanako 'dyuti' kahate haiM / jaise veNIsaMhArameM-- "bhImasena- he devi ! mujhako dekhakara Daro mata / jisa narapazu duHzAsanane rAjAoMkI sabhAke bIca tumako [bAla pakar3akara] lIMcA thA, usake pInese bace hae aura hAthoMmeM jame hue isa raktako kara dekho! aura he priye ! merI gadAse jisako jaMghAe~ tor3a galI gaI haiM usa prakArake kauravoMke rAjA [buryodhana ] ke
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________________ 186 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA064, sU0 111 kAnte rAjJaH kurUNAmatisarasamidaM magadAcUrNitoroH, __ aGgA'mRG niSiktaM tava paribhavajasyAnalasyAstu zAntyai // " atra bhImena draupadyAH krodhopazamaH / tathA ratnAvalyAma "deva zrUyatAma / iyaM siMhalezvaraduhitA siddhenaadissttaa| yo'syAH pANi grahIvyati sa sArvabhaumo rAjA bhaviSyati / " ityAderArabhya parijhAtAyAH svabhaginyAH samprati karaNIye devI pramANam / " iti yAvat / anena svAjanyAvagamAt vAsavadattAyAH sAgarikAM prati IrSyA-koparaya zamanamiti / (4) athAnandaH [sUtra 111]-Anando vAJchitAgamaH / prakArazatairvAgchitamyArthasya sAmastyena AgamaH prAptiH, AnandahetutvAt praanndH| yathA ratnAvazyAma"vAsavadattA-[rAjAnamupetya] ajjautta paDiccha edaM / [Aryaputra ! pratIcchatAm / iti saMskRtam ] / rAjA-[hastau prasArya] ko devyAH prasAdaM na bahu manyate ? vidUSakaH-hI hI bho jayadu bhavaM / NaM puhavI idANiM hatthe bhUda vyeva piyabilakula tAle raktako maiMne apane pratyeka aMgameM malA huA hai usase tumhAre apamAnase anya tApa ko zAMti hogii|" isameM bhIma ke dvArA draupadIke koSakA zamana hai [prataH cuti kA udAharaNa hai] / paura ratnAvalImeM "he deva ! sunie| isa siMhalezvarakI putrIke viSayameM siddhane kahA thA ki jo koI isakA pANigrahaNa karegA vaha sArvabhauma rAjA bnegaa|" yahA~se lekara "aba pahicAnI huI apanI bahinake viSayameM kyA karanA cAhie isa viSaya meM pApa hI pramANa hai|" yahA~ tk| isa prasaMga] se [ratnAvalIko] apanI bahina jAnakara sAgarikAke prati vAsavadatAko IrSyA tathA koSakA zamana pAyA jAtA hai [isalie yaha cutikA udAharaNa hai] / (6) aba prAnanda [nAmaka nirvahaNasaMSike praSTa aMgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 111]-vAJchita arthako prApti 'mAnanda' [nAmaka aMga kahalAtA hai| saMkar3oM prakAroMse vAJchita arthAt cAhe hue prarthakA sampUrNa rUpase mAgama maryAta prAli mAnandakA kAraNa honese 'mAnanda' [kahalAtA hai / jaise ratnAvalImeM "vAsavaratA-[rAjAke pAsa jAkara Aryaputra! isa [ratnAvalI] ko grahaNa kiijie| rAbA-hAtha phailAkara devIke prasAdakA kauna pAvara nahIM karatA hai ? [isalie maiM devIkA prasAda samajhakara ralAvalIko svIkAra karatA huuN| vidUSaka -hI-hI pare pApako vijaya ho / jyotiSiyoMke kapanake anusAra ratnAvatI
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________________ kA0 64, sU0 112-113 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 187 vayassassa iti / [hI hI bho / jayatu bhavAn nanu pRthivIdAnI haste bhUtaiva priyavayasyasya / iti sNskRtm|]" (8) atha samayaH [sUtra 112]--samayo duHkhanirvAsaH / duzkhanirgamayuktaH kAlaH samayaH / yathA mRcchakaTyAM cArudattaM, pAlakasya rAjJa AjJayA badhyatvena cANDAlagocaragataM, tatkSaNaprAptarAjyasya AryakasyAjJayA zAlika Ai "zAlika:--apayAta apayAta jAlmAH |[dRsstt vA saharSam] dhriyate cArudattaH saha vasantasenayA / sampUrNAH khalvasmat svAmino manorathAH / diSTyA bho ! vyasanamahArNavAdagAdhAduttIrNe guNavRttayA sushiilvtyaa| tvAmeva priyatamayA yutaM samIkSe, jyottnADhya zazinamivoparAgamuktam / " atra cArudattasya duHkhApagama iti / (10) atha parigRhanam [sUtra 113]-adbhutAptiH parigRhanam // 64 // kA pANigrahaNa kara leneke kAraNa] aba samajho ki sArI pRthivI hI priya vayaskake hAtha meM prA gii| isameM sAgarikA rUpa vAJchita arthako prApti ho jAnese rAjAko pratyaMta prAnanya humaa| isa prakAra yaha mAnanda nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai| (9) aba 'samaya' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike navama aMgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 112]-duHkha [ke vinoM kA nikala jAnA 'samaya kahalAtA hai| duHkhake nikala jAnevAlA kAla 'samaya' [nAmaka aMga kahalAtA hai| jaise mRcchakaTikameM rAjA pAlakakI prAjJAse vadha kie jAne yogya cArudattake cANDAloMke hAtha meM pahu~ca jAnepara [sahasA huI rAjyakAMtimeM 'pAlaka' ko haTAkara 'prAryaka' ke rAjA bana jAne para usI samaya rAjyake aizvarya [arthAt rAjasiMhAsana ko prApta karanekAle 'pAryaka' kI mAjJAse 'zAlika' kahatA hai-- "zAlika haTo cANDAlo htto| [dekhakara harSapUrvaka] saubhAgyase vasaMtasenAke sahita cArudatta jIvita haiM / aba hamAre svAmIke saba manoratha pUrNa ho ge| saubhAgyavaza guNoM se paripUrNa tathA sundara zIla svabhAvavAlI [apanI priyatamA vasaMtasenA] ke sahita [mArya cAruvatta] apAra duHkhasAgarako pAra kara cuke haiM aba maiM grahaNase mukta caMdrikAyukta caMdramAke samAna tumako bhI apanI] priyatamAse yukta dekhanA cAhatA huuN|" yahA~ cArudattake duHkhakI samApti ho jAnese [yaha 'samaya' aMgakA udAharaNa hai| (10) aba 'parigRhana' [nAyaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike dazama aMgakA lakSaNa prAdhikarate hai] / [sUtra 113]-~adbhuta prarthakI prApti parigRhana' [kahalAtA hai|
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________________ 188] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 64, sU0 113 vismayasthAyibhAvAtmakasya zradbhutarasasya prAptirupagUhnam / yathA rAmAbhyudaye rAmeNa pratyAkhyAtA sItA jvalanaM praviSTA / tadanantaraM - nepathye kalakalaH - dhUmavrAta vitAnIkRtamupari zikhAdorbhirabhraMlihAyaiH, vid bhrAjiSNu ratnaM tatamurasi tathA carma cAmUrakhaM ca / bhUyastejaH pratAnairviraha malinatAM cAlayannaGkabhAjo, devyAH saptarcirAvirbhavati viphalayan vAcchitAnyantakasya // " tataH pravizati paTAkSepeNa sItAmAdAya vahniH / sarve daSTa vA saMsambhramamutthAya vayaM zracaryam / namo bhagavate hutAzanAya iti praNamanti / " atrAgnipraviSTasItApratyujjIvanAt adbhutaprAptiH / yathA vA raghuvilAse T " madhye'mbhodhi babhUva viMzatibhujaM rakSo dazAsyaM punastat pAtAla-mahI-triviSTapabhaTAMzcakrAma dorvikramaiH / martyastasya punarmRNAlatulayA ciccheda kaNThATavIM, vairAgyasya ca vismayasya ca padaM rAmAyaNaM vartate // vismaya jisakA sthAyIbhAva hai isa prakArake adbhuta rasakI prApti 'parigrahana' [ kahalAtA ] hai / jaise rAmAbhyudayameM rAmake dvArA [ pratyAkhyAna arthAt ] asvIkAra kara die jAneke bAda sItA pragnimeM praviSTa ho jAtI hai| usake bAda- "nepathya meM kolAhala [ aura usake sAtha nimna vacana sunAI dete haiM ] -- prakAzako cumbana karanevAlI jvAlArUpa bAhunoMse dhUmasamUhako vitAna banAkara, chAtI para camakate hue ratnako tathA mRgacarmako dhAraraNa kie hue apane tejaH samudAyake dvArA sItAdevIke virahako malinatAkI dUra karate hue se goda meM baiThI huI sItAdevIkI virahajanya malinatAko dUra karate hue bahnideva kAlake manorathako viphala karake [sItA sahita ] prakaTa ho rahe haiM / usake bAda sItAko lie hue, paTAkSepase vahnideva praviSTa hote haiM / saba loga dekhakara zrAdarapUrvaka khar3e hokara -- zrAzcarya hai, zrAzcarya hai / bhagavAn zragnidevako namaskAra hai / yaha kahakara praNAma karate haiM 13 yahA~ agni meM praviSTa huI sItAke phira jIvita ho jAnese zradbhuta rasakI prApti hai [ ataH yaha 'parigRhana' nAmaka aMgakA udAharaNa hai ] / zrathavA jaise raghuvilAsameM- "bIsa bhujAoM aura daza ziroM vAlA rAkSasa [rAvaraNa] samudrake bocameM thA kintu usane bhujAnoMke balase pAtAla, pRthivI aura svarga sabako AkrAMta kara liyA thA / phira eka manuSyane usake kaNThoMke samudAya ko mRNAlake samAna [anAyAsa hI ] kATa ddaalaa| isa prakAra rAmAyaNa [saMsArake bala-vaibhava Adi kI vyarthatAko dikhalAneke kAraNa] vairAgya aura vismaya sthAna hai / " [ yahA~ bhI zradbhuta rasakA varNana honese 'parigRhana' zraGga mAnA jAtA hai] /
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________________ kA0 64, sU0 113 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 186 puSpadUtike tu nirNayavarjitAni sandhyAdInyaMgAni parigUhanAntAni ekasminneva zloke dRzyante / tathAhi"samudradattaH -- svapno'yaM / senApatiH na hi ! samudradattaH - vibhramo nu manasaH ? [1 sandhiH ] 1. senApatiH -- zAntam ! samudradattaH --tadeSA trapA / [2 nirodhaH ] senApatiH -- jAyA te / [ 3 prathanam ] samudradattaH -- kathamaGkabAlatanayA ? [4 paribhASaNam ] senApatiH -- putrastavAyaM / samudradattaH - mRSA / [5 dyutiH] senApatiH -- AlambAya na eSa vetti niyataM sambandhametadgatam / [6 prasAdaH ] samudradattaH -- kenaitad ghaTitaM visandhi [7 AnandaH ] senApatiH - - vidhinA / [8 samayaH ] samudradatta:- [sutarUpaM dRSTvA ] sarvaM samAyujyate / [6 parigRhanam ] iti / 64 | puSpadRtika meM to [nirvaharaNasaMdhike aba taka variMgata ina dasa zraGgoM meMse ] eka nirNaya ko chor3akara saMdhise lekara parigUhana paryanta [ nau praGga ] eka hI ilokameM dikhalAI dete haiM / jaise- 'samudradatta - kyA yaha svapna hai ? senApati nahIM | samudradatta to kyA manakA bhrama hai ? [yahA~ taka saMdhi nAmaka prathama zraGga hugrA ] senApati-- nahIM nahIM [zAMtam ] / samudradatta to kyA yaha lajjA hai ? [yaha nirodha nAmaka dvitIya zraGga huA ] senApati - yaha ApakI strI hai| [yaha prathana nAmaka tRtIya zraGga huA ] samudradatta- to isakI goda meM choTA baccA kaise hai ? [ yaha paribhASaraNa nAmaka caturtha huA ] 1 senApati - yaha ApakA putra hai samudradatta jhUTha ! [ yaha pA~cavA~ dyuti nAmaka graGga hugrA ] senApati - [ isa putrake] graharaNa karaneke lie yaha nizcaya hI isake sAtha apane sambaMdha ko nahIM jAnatA hai / [yaha chaThA prasAda aGga huprA ] samudradatta --isa TUTe sambandhako kisane jor3a diyA ? [ yaha sAtavA~ Ananda zraGga hai ] senAnati - devane / [ yaha AThavA~ aMga samaya huA ] samudradatta --- [putrake rUpako dekhakara ] saba kucha ho sakatA hai / [yaha 'parigRhana' nAmaka navama aMga huA ] isa prakAra eka hI zloka meM nirvaharaNa saMdhike nau aMgoMkA ikaTThA samAveza isa zloka meM dikhalAyA gayA hai / ilokake rUpameM isa saMvAdako isa prakAra likhA jAyagA --
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________________ 160 ] (11) atha bhASaNam gRhyate / nATyadarpaNam [ sUtra 114 ] - bhASaNaM sAmadAnoktiH / sAmno vacana dadatazca vacanam / zrabhyAmupalakSaNaparasvAt priyaM hitaM ca "yathA mRcchakaTyAm-- AryakarAjAjJayA zArbalikazcArudattamAha- tvadyAnaM tryaH samAruhya gataste zaraNaM purA / pazuvad vitate yajJe itastenAdya pAlakaH // cArudattaH -- zArbalika ! kiM yo'sau rAjJA pAlakena ghoSAdAnIya niSkAraNaM kUdAgAre bandhane baddha AryakanAmA tvayA mocitaH ? zArvalikaH - satyam / siMhAsanAdhirohe anuSThitamAtre ca tena taba suhRdA rAjJA zraryakeNa ujjayinyAM ca velAtaTe tubhyaM rAjyamatisRSTam / tat pratimAnyatAM prathamaH suhRt- praNayaH / [punaveMsantasenAmAha] Arye vasantasene ! rAjA tavopari tuSTo bhavartI vadhUzabdena anugRhNAti / vasantasenA -- zrajja savvaliya kayattha hi / I [ zrArya zAlika ! kRtArthAsmi / iti saMskRtam ] / [punazcArudattamAha-Arya ! kimasya bhikSoH kriyatAm ? "jo tumhAre rathapara car3hakara prAyA thA usa [ zrAryaka] ne [pahile DAlA / [ kA0 65, sU0 114 svapno'yaM, na hi vibhramo nu manasaH, zAntaM, tadeSA trapA jAyA te, kathamaMkabAlatanayA, putrastavAyaM, mRSA / AlambAyana eSa vetti niyataM sambandhametadgatam kenaitad ghaTita visandhi, vidhinA, sarvaM samAyujyate ||64|| (11) aba 'bhASaNa' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike gyArahaveM aMgakA lakSaraNa zrAdi karate haiM ][sUtra 114] sAma-dAnake vacana 'bhASaNa' [kahalAte ] haiM / sAmakA vacana zraura dete hue [dAna ] kA vacana [ bhAvaraNa kahalAtA hai] / inake upalakSaraNamAtra honese inase priya tathA hita [ vacanakA grahaNa hotA hai / jaise mRcchakaTika meM prAka rAjAkI prAjJAse zAlika cArudattase kahatA hai [rAjA bananese pahile chipaneke lie ] tumhArI zaraNameM rAjA ] pAlakako vistRta yajJameM pazuke samAna mAra cArudatta - zAlika ! kyA jisako rAjA pAlakane prahIroM kI bastI se lAkara binA kAraNa hI tahakhAne meM kaida kara diyA thA usa zrAryakako tumane chur3A diyA / zAlika - - hA~ [ ThIka hai / aura siMhAsana para baiThaneke sAtha hI tumhAre usa mitra rAjA zrAryakane ujjayinI meM velAke kinAre tumheM rAjya pradAna kiyA hai| isalie mitrako isa prathama icchAko svIkAra karo / Upara prasanna hokara [phira vasaMtasenAse kahatA hai] prAyeM vasaMtasene ! rAjA m tumako vadhU pada [ arthAt cArudattakI vadhU pada] se sambodhita karate haiM / vAsavadattA - prArya zArbalika ! maiM anugRhIta hU~ /
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________________ kA0 65, sU0 115 | prathamo vivekaH [ 161 cArudattaH-bhikSo ! kiM tava bahumatam ? bhitu:--aNiccattaNaM pekkhiya pavvajA bahumANe saMvutte / [anityatvaM prekSya pravrajyAbahumAnaH saMvRttaH / cArudattaH--sakhe dRDho'sya nishcyH| tat pRthivyAM sarvavihAreSu kulapatiH kriyatAm / shaalikH--evmett| cArudatta.--priyaM nH| vasantasenA--saMpada jIvida miha / [sAmprataM jIvitAsmi / iti saMskRtam] / zAlika:- sthAvarakasya kiM kriyatAm ? cArudattaH--subhRtyo'yamadAso'stu / ' zAlika:-evaM, yathA Aha aaryH|" atra sAmnA dAnena anyaizca priyahitairuktiH / anayoH pRthagapyuktinibadhyate / idapyagamavazyaM nibandhanIyamiti / (12) atha pUrvabhAva:--- [sUtra 115]-prAgbhAvaH kRtyadarzanam / yathA ratnAvalyAm-- "yogandharAyaNaH-evaM vijJAya bhaginyAH samprati karaNIye. devI pramANa / [zAlika]-[phira cArudattase kahatA hai] prArya ! isa bhikSukA kyA kiyA Aya ? cAruvatta-he bhikSo ! kahie pApa kyA cAhate haiM ? bhikSu--[saMsArako] anityatAko dekhakara mujhe vairAgya ho gayA hai| cArudatta-he mitra ! isakA yaha nizcaya dRr3ha hai| isalie pRthivIke saba bihAroMkA inako kulapati banA do| zAlika---yaha ThIka hai aisA hI hogaa| cArudatta-yahI hameM priya hai| vasaMtasenA--aba maiM jIvita huI [aba merI jAnameM jAna pAI] / zAlika--sthAvarakakA kyA kiyA jAya ? khAruvatta-- isa uttama sevakako dAsatAse mukta kara do| zArvalika--jaisA Arya kahate haiM vaisA hI hogaa| isameM sAmase, dAnase aura anya prakAroMse priya uktiyAM haiN| ina donoMkA alaga-alaga kathana bhI kiyA jAtA hai / isa aMgako bhI avazya hI nivaDa karanA caahie| (12) aba 'pUrvabhAva' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike bArahaveM praGgakA lakSaNa mAvi karate haiM] [sUtra 115]--kArya [arthAt mukhya phala] kA darzana karanA yA karAnA] prAgbhAva [yA pUrvabhAva kahalAtA hai / jaise rasnAvalI meM "yaugaMdharAyaNa--isa sabako jAnakara praba apanI bahinake lie kyA karanA cAhie isameM pApa hI pramAraNa haiN|
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________________ 152 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 65, su0 115 vAsavadattA-phuDaM yyeva kinna bhaNAsi paDivAhedi se rayaNamAlaM ti / [sphuTa meva kinna bhaNasi pratipAdayAsmai ratnAvalImiti / __ iti saMskRtam ] / " atra 'vatsarAjAya ratnAvalI dIyatAm' iti kAryasya yaugandharAyaNAbhiprAyAnupraviSTasya vAsavadattayA darzanam / yathA vA yAdavAbhyudaye "yudhiSThiraH-deva ! kRSNo'yaM bhAratArdhacakravartI navamo vAsudeva iti munayaH santi / samudravijayaH-jAne bhAratArdharAjye - kRSNamabhiSektu mAmutsAha yati mhaaraajH| yudhiSThiraH--etadeva devasya jarAsandhavadhaprayAsaphalam / " iti / atra yudhiSThirAbhimataM kRSNarAjyAbhiSekakArya samudravijayena darzitam / mukhasandhyAdhu ktavAkyasadRzavAkyadarzanam pUrvavAkyaM aMgamasya sthAne kecidAmananti / yathA mudrArAkSase "cANakyaH [puruSaM prati]-idaM ca vaktavyo vijayo durgapAlaH / amAtyarAkSasadarzanaprIto devazcandraguptaH samAjJApati, vinA hastibhyaH kriyatAM sarvabandhanamokSa iti| athavA amAtyarAkSase netari kiM hastibhiH prayojanam ? vAsavadattA-spaSTa rUpase kyoM nahIM kahate ho ki ratnAvalI ina [udayana] ko de do|" yahA~ yaugaMdharAyaNake abhiprAyake bhItara anupraviSTa 'ratnAvalIko vatsarAjako de do' isa [mukhya kAryakA vAsavadattAke dvArA varzana hai [ataH yaha pUrvabhAvakA udAharaNa hai] / athavA jaise yAdavAbhyudayameM--- "yudhiSThira--deva ! muni loga kahate haiM ki vasudevake navama putra yaha kRSNa bhAratake prAdhe bhAgake cakravartI rAjA hoNge| ___ samudravijaya-jAna par3atA hai ki kRSNako prAdhe bhAratake rAjyapara abhiSikta karaneke lie mahArAja mujhako utsAhita kara rahe haiN| yudhiSThira--yahI aApake jarAsaMdhake vadha karAneke prayAsakA phala hai|" yahAM yudhiSThirake abhimata kRSNake rAjyAbhiSeka kAryako samudravijayane dikhalAyA hai [isalie yaha pUrvabhAva aGgakA udAharaNa hai| kucha loga isa [pUrvabhAva aGga] ke sthAnapara mukhasaMdhi AdimeM kahe gae vAkyake sadRza vAkyake [punaH] darzana rUpa pUrvavAkya nAmaka praGgako mAnate haiN| jaise mudrArAkSasameM "cANakya--[puruSake prati] paura durgapAla vijayase yaha bhI kaho ki amAtya rAkSasake darzanase prasanna hue deza candragupta prAjJA dete haiM ki hAthiyoMko chor3akara zeSa sabhI baMdhana vAloM ko mukta kara do| prayayA amAtya rAmasake netA ho jAne para prava hAthiyoMko bhI kyA prAvazyakatA hai?
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________________ prathamo vivekaH vinA vAhanapotAbhyAM mucyatAM sarvabandhanam / pUrNapratijJena mayA kevalaM badhyate zikhA // " atramukhe yadupakSiptam- 'badhyaH ko necchati zikhAM me' iti tadeva bhaMgyantare upanyastamiti / uddezoktasaMjJAtaH saMjJAntareNa yallakSaNavidhAnaM sarvatra tacchandonurodhAditi / (13) atha kAvyasaMhAraH [ sUtra 115 ] - varecchA kAvya saMhAraH / -- kA0 65, sU0 115 ] IpsitaM dAtumabhilASo varecchA / tajjanito 'bhUyaH kiM te priyamupakaromi ' iti prazna ityarthaH / sa ca grahItari apratIcchati, pratIcchati ca sampAdayitubhUyasImicchAM darzayituM nibadhyate / tatra sati sarvasminnevepsite sampanne prastutaM kAvyameva saMhriyate iti ' kAvyasaMhAraH' / yathA 'kRtyArAvaNe' sItArakSaNe rAmasya priye hite ca mahati karmaNi kRte'pi - asantuSyan agniMrAha [ 163 vAhana tathA pota [ jahAja ] ko chor3akara anya sabake baMdhanoMko khola diyA jAya / pratijJApUrNa ho jAneke kAraraNa kevala maiM aba apanI coTI ko bA~dhatA hU~ / " isameM mukhasaMdhimeM jo yaha jo kahA thA ki 'badhake yogya kauna vyakti merI zikhAko baMdhane nahIM denA cAhatA hai usIko prakArAntarase phira kahA gayA hai [ isalie yaha pUrvavAkya rUpa zraGgakA udAhararaNa hai ] / nirvaharaNa - sandhike caudaha aMgoMke nAma ginAte samaya pUrvabhAva nAmase bArahaveM aMgakA nirdeza kiyA gayA thaa| 'prAgbhAva' nAmake kisI aMgakA ullekha uddeza - kArikAoM meM nahIM kiyA gayA thA / kintu yahA~ lakSaraNa karate samaya 'pUrvabhAva' kA lakSaNa na karake 'prAgbhAva' kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / yaha 'prAgbhAva' 'pUrvabhAva' kA hI dUsarA nAma hai / zloka meM 'pUrvabhAva' zabdakA prayoga chaMdakI dRSTise ThIka nahIM baiThatA thA isalie graMthakArane unake sthAnapara 'prAgbhAva' zabdakA prayoga kara diyA hai / isI bAtako graMthakAra agalI paMkti meM likhate haiM- uddeza [kAla ] kI saMjJAko chor3akara anya nAmase lakSaraNakA kathana karanA sarvatra chandake anurodhase kiyA gayA hai| (13) aba 'kAvya saMhAra' nAmaka nirvahalasaMdhike terahaveM zrRGgakA lakSaNa prAdi kahate haiM ][sUtra 115] vara [ pradAna karane] kI icchA kAvyakA upasaMhAra [kahalAtA ] hai / prabhISTa varako pradAna karanekA prabhilASa varecchA [ kahalAtA ] hai / usase utpanna 'tumhArA aura kaunasA priya kArya karU" isa prakArakA prazna [kAvyasaMhAra kahalAtA hai ] yaha abhiprAya hai / vaha (1) gRhItAke dvArA grahaNa na karanepara aura (2) prathamA svIkAra karane para denevAlekI aura adhika icchAko dikhalAneke lie [do kAraNoMse] nibaddha kiyA jAtA hai| usa [bara pradAnake] honeke bAda samasta kAmanAoMke pUrNa ho jAnese kAvya hI samApta ho jAtA hai isalie [ isako ] 'kAvyasaMhAra' [ kahA jAtA ] hai / jaise kRtyArAvaraNa meM rAmake priya tathA hita sItArakSaraNa rUpa mahAna kAryake kara cukane para
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________________ 164 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 65, sU0 115 "agniH--vatsa ! ucyatAM kiM te bhUyaH priyamupakaromi ? rAmaH-bhagavan ! ataH paramapi priyamasti ? iti / " yathA vA 'yAdavAbhyudaye"yudhiSThiraH--deva ! kimataHparaM prArthyate yadUnAm ? samudravijayaH-[sAzcam ] kimataH paramapi prArthanIyamasti ? trAto ghoSabhuvAM vidhRtya madhujit , kaMsaH kSayaM lambhitaH, sampratyeva vinirmitaM magadhabhUbhatu: kabandhaM vapuH / pAdAkrAntamajAyatArdhabharata tad brUhi naH kiM paraM ? zreyo'smAdapi pANDaveza ! punarapyAzAsmahe ydvym||" anayorapranigRhIte vare kAvyasaMhAraH / tathA indule khAyAM nATikAyAM rAjJI nAyikAmindulekhAmAha "IdisIe tuha imAe kulANusarisIe sIlasaMpattIe saMmuhIkadassa me hidayassa uvavanno yyeva samucidAe paDivattIe ayaM avasaro, tA mama yyeva piyaM karitI varesu jaM te samI hidN| [IdRzyA tavAnayA kulAnusadRzyA zIlasampattyA sammukhIkRtasya me hRdayasya upapanna eva samucitayA pratipattyA ayamavasarastat mamaiva priyaM kurvantI vRNuSva yat te samIhitam / iti saMskRtam ] / nAyikA-Idisassa devIpasAyassa na dAva adhiyaM sarisaM kiM pi bhavissadi, jaM varaissaM / tadhA vi ko devIe pasAdANaM pajjatakAmo? tA piyadasaNaM me pasAdIkaredu devii| bhI saMtuSTa na hokara agni [rAmase] kahatA hai "agni-vassa ! kaho tumhArA aura kyA priya karU? rAma-bhagavan ! kyA isase bhI adhika priya ho sakatA hai|" [yaha varako svIkAra na karaneke rUpameM 'kAvyasaMhAra kI racanA kI gaI hai| athavA jaise yAdavAbhyudayameM-- "yudhiSThira-deva ! yaduvaMziyoMkelie isase adhika aura kyA cAhate haiM ? samudravijaya [prAzcarya-sahita] kyA isase bhI adhika prArthanIya ho sakatA hai ? ahIroMke yahAM rakhakara kRSNakI rakSA kara lI, kaMsakA nAza kara diyA aura abhI magadharAja [jarAsaMdha] ke zarIrako [sira kATakara] kabaMdha [dhar3amAtra banA diyA, bhASA bhArata deza apane adhIna ho gayA, to he pANDavarAja ! batalAie ki isase adhika aura kyA kalyANa ho sakatA hai jisakI hama kAmanA kareM ?" ina donoM [udAharaNoM] meM varake svIkAra na karane meM 'kAvyasaMhAra' humA haiN| aura indulekhA nATikAmeM rAnI nAyikA indulekhAse kahatI hai "rAnI-tumhArI apane kulake anurUpa isa prakArako zIla-sampattise prasanna hue mere hRdayameM upayukta vizvAsase yaha avasara prApta huA hai isalie mere hI priya kAryako karatI huI jo tumhArI icchA ho vaha vara mAMga lo|
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________________ kA0 65, sU0 115 ) prathamo vivekaH [ 195 Izasya devIprasAdamya na tAvadadhika sadRzaM kimapi bhaviSyAta ydvrissyaami| tathApi ko devyAH prasAdAnAM paryAptakAmaH ? tat priyadarzanAM me prasAdIkarotu devii| iti saMskRtam ] / rAjJI-bADhaM pddivaadidaa| bADha pratipAditA / iti saMskRtam] / nAyikA-mahaMto psaado| [svagatam ] saMpadaM pamajjiya bhuji sabhAvaM piyadaMsaNAe icchA-gurUva-nehassa aNusarisaM vavaharirasaM / [mahAn prasAdaH / sAmprataM pramAya' bhujiSyabhAvaM priyadarzanAyA icchA-gauravasnehasyAnusadRzaM vyavahariSye / iti saMskRtam ] ] atra varasya pratigrahaH / iti / idamaGgamavazyaM nibandhanIya prazastinAntarIyakatvAditi / (14) atha prazasti:-- [sUtra 116]-prazastiH zubhazaMsanA // 65 // jagataH kalyANazaMsanA prshstiH| taca nAyakastadAtyo vA paThati / yathA kRtyArAvaNa--- "rAmaH-tathApIdamastu yathAyaM mama sampUrNazcintitArtho manorathaH / evamabhyAgato raGgaH sarvapApaiH pramucyatAm // api ca-- nAyikA- isa prakArake devIke prasAdase adhika aura kucha nahIM ho sakatA hai jisakA maiM saraNa karU / phira bhI devIke prasAdase kisako tRpti hotI hai isalie [maiM yaha vara mAMgatI hU~ ki devI priyadarzanAko mujhe prasAda rUpameM pradAna kreN| rAnI-acchA de dii| nAyikA-bar3I kRpA hai / [apane manameM] aba priyadarzanAke dAsIbhAvako dUra karake usake sAtha usakI icchA, gaurava aura snehake anurUpa [isake sAtha] vyavahAra kruuNgii|" isameM varako svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isa [kAvyasaMhAra rUpa] aGgako [agale] prazasti nAmaka praGga] se avinAbhUta honeke kAraNa avazya grathita karanA caahie| (14) aba 'prazasti' [nAmaka nirvaharaNasaMdhike caudahaveM praGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM] - [sUtra 116]--kalyANako kAmanA prazasti [kahalAtI hai / saMsArake kalyANako kAmanA 'prazasti' [kahalAtI hai| usako nAyaka prathavA koI anya [pAtra] par3hatA hai / jaise kRtyArAvaraNameM-- "rAma-phira bhI yeha ho ki jisa prakAra vicArita artha ke viSaya meM merA yaha manoratha pUrNa humA isI prakAra [nATyAvalokanArtha] pAe hue saba sAmAjika saba prakArake duHkhoM [pApaiH] se mukta ho jAve / paura bhI
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________________ 166 ] nATyadarpaNam kA0 65, sU0 116 nirItayaH prajAH santu santaH santu cirAyupaH / prathantAM kavayaH kAvyaH samyag nandantu maatrH|" yathA vA yAdavAbhyudaye"yudhiSThiraH-tathApa kimapi mo vayama-- kalyANaM bhUrbhuvaH svaH prasaratu, vipadaH prakSayaM yAntu sarvAH, santaH zlAghAM bhajantAmapacayamayatAM durmatidurjanAnAm / dharmaH puSNAtu vRddhi sakala yadumanaH kairavA rAmacandraH, prApya svAtantryalakSmI mudamatha vahatAM zAzvatI yaadvendrH||" iyaM cAvazyaM nivandhanIyA / tathA itivRttAntabhUtA ceyam / tenArayAH pRthagagaNane catuHpapirapi aGgasaMkhyA bhavati / / sandhi nidha-grathana - pUrvabhAva - kAvyasaMhAra - prazastibhyo'nyAMgAnAM zeSasandhiSvapi kAryavazato nibandhaH / atrApi ca svecchayA niyogaH / etAni nirvahaNasandhezcaturdazAGgAni / sarvasandhInAM cAMgAni itivRttAvicchedArthamupAdIyante / itivRttasyAvicchedazva rasapuSTayarthaH / vicche de hi sthAyyAdestrAMTa tatvAta kutamtyo rasAsvAdaH ? tato rasavidhAnakatAnacetasaH kaveH prayatnAntarAnapekSaM yadaMgamujjambhate, tadevopanibaddhaM sahRdayAnAM prajAgaraNa [ativRSTiranAvRSTiH mUSakAH zalabhAH shukaaH| pratyAsannAzca rAjAnaH SaDetA ItayaH smRtAH // ina chaH prakAra ko] ItiyoMse rahita ho, sajjana loga cirAyu hoM aura kavigaNoMke kAvyoMkI abhivRddhi ho, tathA mAtAe~ pUrNarUpase prAnandita hoN| [yaha jagatakI kalyANa kAmanA prazasti kahalAtI hai|" athavA jaise yAdavAbhyudayameM-- "yudhiSThira-phira bhI hama kucha kahate haiM ki bhUH bhuvaH svaH [saba lokoM meM kalyANakA prasAra ho, sArI vipattiyoMkA vinAza ho, sajjana puruSoMkI prazaMsA ho, aura durjanoMkI durmatikA hrAsa ho, dharma vRddhi ko prApta ho, saba yAdavoMke manorUpa karavoMko AhlAdita karanevAle candra ke samAna yAdavendra svAtantrya lakSmIko prApta kara cirasthAyI Anandako prApta hoN|" . isa [prazasti nAmaka aGga] ko racanA avazya hI karanI caahie| aura yaha kathAvastu ke antargata bhI hotI hai isalie isakI gaNanA na karanepara [ pUrvokta 65 aGgoMke sthAnapara kevala ] aGgoM kI saMkhyA kevala cauMsaTha raha jAtI hai / _ [nirvaharaNasaMdhike 1. saMdhi, 2. nirodha, 3. grathana, 4. pUrvabhAva, 5. kAvyasaMhAra aura 6. prazasti, ina [cha ] aGgoM ko chor3akara anya aGgoMkA kAryavazase zeSa saMdhiyoM meM bhI prayoga ho sakatA hai / aura yahA~ [arthAt nirvahaNa saMdhimeM bhI apanI icchAke anusAra prayoga ho sakatA hai| ye caudaha nirvaharaNasaMdhike aGga haiN| sabhI saMdhiyoM ke aGga kathAbhAgake aviccheda ke lie hI nibaddha kie jAte haiN| aura kathAvastukA aviccheda rasako paripuSTi ke lie hotA hai| [kathAvastukA] viccheda ho jAnepara to sthAyibhAva AdikA bhI viccheda ho jAnese rasakA prAsvAdana kaise ho sakegA? isalie
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________________ kA0 65, sU0 116 ] prathamo vivekaH [ 167 hRdayamAnandayati / aGgAni ca sthAyi-vibhAvAnubhAva-vyabhicArirUpANi draSTavyAni / amISAM ca svasandhI sandhyantare ca yogyatayA nibndhH| yogyatAM ca rasanivezaikavyavasAyinaH prabandhakavayo vidanti, na punaH zabdArthagrathanavaicitryamAnonmadiSNavo muktkvyH| tena ekamapyaMgaM rasapoSakatvAdekasminnapi sandhau dvistriA nibadhyate / yathA veNIsaMhAre sampheTa-vidravI punaH-punardarzitau vIra-raudrarasAvuddIpayataH / ratnAvalyAM ca vilAsaH punaH-punaruktaH zRGgAramullAsayati / ataH paramapi nibandhastu vairasyamAvaha tIti / tathAMgadvayena sAdhyaM yadA ekanaiva siddhayati tadekameva nibadhyate / yathA zrIbhImadevasUnoH vasunAgasya kRtI pratimAniruddha parikarAMrthasya upakSepeNaiva gatatvAt na tnnibndhH| evamaMgatrayeNApi / yathA bhejjalaviracite rAdhAvilambhe rAsakAMke parikara. parinyAsayorupakSepeNaiva gatatvAnna tanniyandhaH / evaM parasparAntarbhAve caturaGgo'pi kApi sandhirbhavati / rasake vidhAnameM hI sarvAtmanA lage hue kavike anya prayatnakI apekSAke binA [svAbhAvika rUpa se] jo aGga udbhUta hotA hai usakI racanA hI sahavayoMko Ananda pradAna karatI hai [kRtrima rUpase prayatnapUrvaka sanniviSTa aGgoMko racanA usa prakAra pAhAvadAyinI nahIM hotI hai] maGga sthAyibhAva, vibhAva, anubhAva, vyabhicAribhAva prAvi rUpa hote haiN| inakA apanI sandhimeM [arthAt jisa-jisa sandhimeM unake nAma ginAe gae haiM usa-usa sandhimeM] tathA anya saMdhiyoMmeM yogyatAke kAraNa ho sanniveza kiyA jAtA hai, aura unakI yogyatAko kevala rasakA sanniveza karanemeM tatpara prabandha-kAgyoMke nirmAtA kavi hI samajhate haiN| kevala zabda aura prarthakI racanA-vaicitryase hI unmatta ho jAnevAle muktaka [nirmAtA] kavi nahIM samajha sakate haiM / isalie [arthAt yogyatA ke prAdhArapara ho] rasakA paripoSaka honepara eka hI praGga eka hI sandhimeM do yA tIna bAra bhI nibaddha kiyA jAtA hai| jaise veNIsaMhArameM sampheTa tathA vidrava aGgake bAra-bAra pradarzita kie jAkara vIra tathA raudra rasako puSTa kara rahe haiN| paura ratnAvalImeM vilAsa nAmaka praGga bAra-bAra nibaddha hokara zrRMgArarasako paripuSTa karatA hai| isase adhika [arthAt jahA~ taka usase rasakA paripoSa hotA hai usase adhika yA do-tIna bAra se adhika rakhanepara to virasatAko prakaTa karanevAlA ho jAtA hai [isalie kisI aGgakA pratyadhika sanniveza nahIM karanA cAhie / [isake viparIta] jaba vo aGgoMke dvArA sAdhya kArya eka hI aGgAke dvArA ho sakatA ho taba eka hIkI racanA kI jAtI hai| jaise zrI bhImadevake putra vasunAgako pratimAniruddha racanAmeM [mukhasaMdhike] parikara [aMgake] ke kAryako upakSepa [aMga] ke dvArA hI siddhi ho jAne se usa [parikara] ko alaga racanA nahIM kI gaI hai| isI prakAra tIna aMgoMke dvArA [sAdhya kArya jaba eka hI aMgake dvArA siddha ho sakatA hai taba usa aMgake atirikta zeSa do aMgoMkI racanA nahIM kI jAtI hai / jaise bhejjala viracita rAdhAvipralambha nAmaka rAsakAMkameM parikara tathA parinyAsa [ina do aMgoM ke upakSepake dvArAhI
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________________ 168 ] nATyadapaNam / kA0 65, sU0 116 atrAntare ca kecidekaviMzati sandhyantarANi smaranti sAma bhedastathA daNDo dAnaM ca vadha eva ca / pratyutpannamatitvaM ca gotraskhalitameva ca // sAhasaM ca bhayaM caiva bhI- yA krodha eva ca / ojaH saMvaraNaM bhrAntistathA hetvadhAraNam // dUto lekhastathA svapnazcitraM mada iti smRtaH / iti / eSu ca keSAMcit sAmAdInAM svayamaMgarUpatvAt , keSAMcinmatyAdInAM vyabhi. cArirUpatvAt , dUta-lekhAdInAmitivRttarUpatvAt , anyeSAmupakSepAdyantarbhAvAcca na pRthaga lkssnn-pryaasH| tathAhi garbhasandhau sAma-dAnAdirUpasaMgraho'Ggam / matyAdayo vyabhicAriSu lakSayiSyante / dUta-lekhAdInAmitivRttarUpatA dRzyate / tayA udAttarAghave hetvadhAraNAtmA upakSepaH / pratimAniruddha svapnarUpaH / rAmAbhyudaye bhayAtmA / veNIsaMhAre krodhaatmaa| evamanyeSvapyaMgeSvantarbhAvaH kIrtanIya iti // 6 // iti zrIrAmacandra-guNacandraviracitAyAM svopazanATyadarpaNavivRtau nATakanirNayaH prathamo vivekaH // 1 // gatArtha ho jAnese una donoMkI racanA nahIM kI gaI hai| isa prakAra eka-dUsareke bhItara praGgoMkA samAveza ho jAnepara [ kabhI-kabhI ] kevala cAra praGgoMkA bhI [koI ] sandhi ho jAtA hai| anya prAcAryoke matakA khaNDana isa prasaMgameM [hamAre pratipAdita pAMca saMdhiyoMke atirikta ] kucha loga 21 saMdhiyoM aura mAnate haiN| [unake nAma nimna prakAra haiM 1. sAma, 2. bheva, 3. vaNDa, 4. vAna, 5. baSa, 6. pratyutpannamatitva, 7. gotraskhalita 8. sAhasa, 6. bhaya, 10.dhI arthAt buddhi, 11. mAyA, 12. koSa, 13. moja, 14. saMvaraNa, 15. bhrAnti, 16. hetvavadhAraNa, 17. dUta, 15. lekha, 16. svapna, 20 citra tathA 21 md| [ina 21 saMSiyoMko bhI kucha loga mAnate hai kintu inameMse sAma prAdi kuchake svayaM aMga rUpa honese, mati mAvi kinhIMke vyabhicAribhAvarUpa honese, dUta lekha prAvika kathAvastu rUpa honese, aura anyoMke upakSepa prAdi rUpa honese unake pralaga lakSaNa karanekA prayatna hamane nahIM kiyA hai| jaiseki garbhasaMdhimeM sAma, dAna rUpa saMgraha nAmaka aMga mAyA hai| mati mAdike lakSaNa vyabhicAribhAvoMmeM kie jaaveNge| dUta lekha prAdi kathA-bhAga rUpa hI hote haiN| aura udAtta rAghavameM upakSepa [aMga] hetvaSAraNa rUpa hai| pratimAnilDameM [upakSepa.aga] svapna rUpa hai / rAmAbhyudayameM [upakSepa] bhaya rUpa hai| aura veNIsaMhArameM kroSarUpa [upopa hai|[prtev ina aneka saMSiyoMke upakSepameM antarbhUta ho jAnese unako bhI alaga kahanekI mAvazyakatA nahIM hai] isI prakAra anya pragoM meM bhI [ina 21 saMSiyoMkA] antarbhAva samajha lenA caahie| [ataH ina saMSiyoMko mAnanA ucita nahIM hai / zrI rAmacandra guNacandraviracita svanirmita nATyadarpaNa kI vivRtimeM nATaka-nirNaya-nAmaka prathama viveka pUrNa hubhA // 1 //
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________________ atha dvitIyo vivekaH
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________________ atha dvitIyo vivekaH atha 'nATaka' prakaraNaM ca' ityato nATaka' lakSayitvA prakaraNaM lakSyateatha nATyadarpaNa - dIpikAyAM dvitIyo vivekaH / viveka - saGgati prathama vivekake prArambhameM tIsarI tathA cauthI kArikAmeM granthakArane bAraha prakAra ke rUpakoM kA uddezya arthAt nAmamAtreNa kathana kiyA thaa| unameM sabase pahilA sthAna 'nATaka' kA aura usake bAda dUsarA sthAna 'prakaraNa' kA thA / isalie prathama vivekake zeSa bhAga meM nATakake lakSaraNa zrAdikA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA thaa| mukhyarUpase nATakakA hI vivecana hone se prathama vivekakA nAma granthakArane 'nATaka-nirNaya' rakhA hai / rUpakoMmeM nATaka hI sabase mukhya hai isalie usake lakSaNa prAdikA vistArapUrvaka vivecana karanemeM eka pUrA viveka (adhyAya) lagAyA gayA hai / aba isa dvitIya vivekameM prakaraNa prAdi zeSa gyAraha prakAra ke rUpaka bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA jaaegaa| isalie granthakArane isa 'viveka' kA nAma 'prakaraNAcekAdazarUpakanirNaya:' rakhA hai / ina zeSa ekAdaza rUpakoM meM prathama aura sabase mukhya sthAna 'prakaraNa' kA hai / isalie isa vivekakA Arambha prakaraNa ke nirUpaNa se hI karate haiM / [sUtra 117] 'nATakaM prakaraNaM ca' isa [rUpaka bhevoMkA uddezya arthAt nAmamAtrase karane vAlI kArikAmeM ginAe hue rUpakabhedoM] meMse [prathama vivekameM prathama rUpaka bheda ] nATakakA lakSaraNa karake [ dvitIya rUpaka bheva] aba 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaraNa karate haiM 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa karate hue granthakAra mukhya rUpase 'nATaka' se usake bhedoM kA pradarzana kareMge / 'samAnAsamAnajAtIyavyavacchedo hi lakSaNArtha:' isa niyamake anusAra samAna jAtIya tathA asamAna jAtIyase bheda karanA hI 'lakSaNa' kA prayojana hai / isalie 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaraNa karate samaya unake samAna jAtIya 'nATaka' se bheda dikhalAnA zrAvazyaka hai / isa bhedapradarzanake dvArA hI 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa pUrNa banatA hai / ataH 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaraNa karane vAlI ina do kArikAoM meM 'nATaka' se usakA bheda dikhalAte hue hI 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / 'nATaka' se 'prakaraNa' kA mukhya bheda kathAvastuke svarUpake viSaya meM hai / 'nATaka' kI AkhyAnavastu itihAsa prasiddha hotI hai / kintu 'prakaraNa' kI zrAkhyAna vastumeM kalpanAkI pradhAnatA rahatI hai / nATaka 'khyAtAdyarAjacaritaM pUrvavartI itihAsa prasiddha rAjAnoMke carita ko prastuta karatA hai kintu 'prakararaNa' 'kalpyanetR-phala- vastUnAM' kalpita netA, phala tathA vastu ke prAdhArapara sthita hotA hai / inakA dUsarA bheda yaha hai ki 'nATaka' rAjacaritapara bhavasambita hotA hai to 'prakaraNa' vaNik, vipra, athavA saciva caritroMke prAdhArapara nirmita
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________________ 202 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 [sUtra 117] prakaraNaM variNag-vipra-sacivasvAmyasakarAt / mandagotrAGgAnaM divyAnAzritaM madhyaceSTitam // 1[66] // dAsa-zreSThi-viTayuktaM klezADhatacca sptdhaa| kalpyena - phala-vastUnAmeka-dvi-tri-vidhAnataH // 2 [67] // hotA hai| pariNaka, vipra athavA sacivameMse koI bhI 'prakaraNa' kA nAyaka ho sakatA hai / kintu eka 'prakaraNa' meM inameMse eka hI nAyaka hogaa| ina tInoMmeMse 'saciva' padakA artha 'rAjyacintaka' kiyA gayA hai| rAjyacintakameM mukhya rUpase 'mamAtya' prAtA hai kintu mukhya amAtyake adhIna hI. senAvibhAga bhI rahatA hai aura senApati bhI rAjyakI cintA karane vAlA pramukha adhikArI hai isalie usakA bhI grahaNa isa padase kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra senApati tathA amAtya donoMkA grahaNa 'saciva' padase hotA hai| inameM se senApati tathA amAtya ye donoM dhIrodAtta nAyaka mAne jAte haiN| paura vipra tathA vaNika ye donoM dhIraprazAnta nAyaka mAne jAte haiN| prarthAt 'prakaraNa meM mukhya rUpase dhIrodAtta tathA dhoraprazAnta nAyaka hI hote haiN| dhIroddhata prAdi nhiiN| koI-koI prAcIna mAcArya amAtyako dhIraprazAnta nAyaka mAnate haiN| aura 'prakaraNa' ko dhIraprazAnta-nAyaka vAlA rUpaka mAnate haiN| kintu andhakAra isa siddhAntase sahamata nahIM hai / unake matameM pramAtya dhIrodAttanAyaka hotA hai| vipra paura vaNik dhIraprazAnta nAyaka hote haiN| isalie 'prakaraNa' kA nAyakaM dhIrodAtta bhI ho sakatA hai aura dhoraprazAnta bhii| 'nATaka' aura 'prakaraNa' kA. tIsarA bheda yaha hai ki 'nATaka meM divya pAtra bhI nAyakake sahAyaka-rUpameM upasthita ho sakate haiN| kintu 'prakaraNa' meM divya pAtroMkA praveza nahIM ho sakatA hai / nATaka 'divyAGgam' aura 'prakaraNa' 'divyAnAzritam' hai / arthAt 'nATaka' meM aMgarUpameM, nAyakake sahAyaka rUpameM, divya pAtroMkA upayoga ho sakatA hai| prakaraNa' meM nhiiN| isakA mukhya kAraNa 'prakaraNa' kA 'klezADhyam' kleza-pradhAna honA hai| divya pAtra sukha-pradhAna hote haiM / aura 'prakaraNa' ke pAtra du:khADhya hote haiM / isalie 'prakaraNa' meM divya pAtroMkA praveza ucita nahIM mAnA gayA hai / 'nATaka' aura 'prakaraNa' ke ina mukhya bhedoMko dhyAnameM rakhate hue hI grandhakAra do kArikAmoM meM 'prakaraNa' kA lakSaNa isa prakAra prastuta karate haiM vaNika, vipra tathA saciva inameMse alaga-alaga kisI eka nAyakase pukta, manda [madhyama] kulakI nAyikA bAlA, vidhya pAtroMkA mAzraya na lenevAlA, manda-beSTAmoMse yukt-||1[16] // dAsa, zreSThI aura viToMse paripUrNa, evaM kleza-pradhAna [rUpaka 'prakaraNa' [kahalAtA hai| aura vaha netA, phala, tathA vastuproMmeMse eka-do prathavA tInake kalpita honeke vidhAna ke anusAra sAta prakArakA hotA hai / / 2 [67] // __isa 64 vIM kArikAke anta meM graMthakArane netA, phala tathA vastuke kalpita honeke mAdhArapara 'prakaraNa' ke sAta bheda dikhalAe haiN| nAyaka, phala tathA vastu ina tInake kalpita honeke AdhArapara 'prakaraNa' ke jo sAta bheda banAe gae haiM ve, unameM eka, do, yA tInoMkI kalpanAke kAraNa bana jAte haiN| tInoM meM se kisI ekake kalpita hone ke kAraNa tIna bheda hoNge| phira do-do ke kalpita honepara bhI tIna bheda baneMge / isa prakAra chaH bheda hue / mora
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________________ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 ] dvitIyo viveka : [ 203 prakarSeNa kriyate kalpyate netA phalaM vastu vA samasta-vyastatayA'treti 'prkrnnm| prasiddhatvAt lakSyamanUya lakSaNaM vidhIyate / vANijaH kraya-vikrayakRtaH / viprAH SaTkarmANaH / sacivo rAjyacintakaH / ayaM vaNiga-viprayormadhyapAtyapi dhIrodAtta-dhIraprazAntau prakaraNe netArau bhakta iti pratipAdanArtha pRthagupAttaH / yastvamAtyaM netAramabhyupagamya dhIraprazAntanAyakamiti 'prakaraNaM' vizeSayati sa vRddhasampradAya-vandhyaH / sAtavAM bheda una tInoMke kalpita honepara bnegaa| isa prakAra 'prakaraNa' ke sAta bheda ho jAte haiN| isako aura adhika spaSTa karane ke lie ina bhedoMko nimna prakAra dikhalAyA jA sakatA hai: ekake kalpita honepara tIna bheda : 1. kevala nAyakake kalpita honepara prathama bheda / 2. kevala phalake kalpita honepara dvitIya bheda / 3. kevala pAkhyAna-vastuke kalpita honepara tRtIya bheda / do-do ke kalpita honepara tIna bheda : 4. nAyaka aura phalake kalpita honepara caturtha bheda / 5. nAyaka aura vastuke kalpita honepara paJcama bheda / 6. phala aura vastuke kalpita honepara SaSTha bheda / tInoMke kalpita honepara eka bheda : nAyaka, phala, tathA vastu tInoMke kalpita honepara saptama bheda / isa prakAra 'prakaraNa' ke sAta bheda dikhalAe mAne gae haiN| inameM se jahA~ nAyaka, phala, tathA bhAkhyAna-vastu tInoM kalpita hote haiM vaha 'prakaraNa' sarvathA kalpita hotA hai| jahAM eka yA dokI kalpanA kI jAtI hai vahA~ zeSa do yA eka bhAga itihAsAzrita hote haiM yaha samajhanA cAhie / kavi jisa bhAgakI kalpanA karatA hai vahI 'prakaraNa' kA mukhya bhAga hotA hai / 'prakaraNa' kA camatkAra usI bhAgameM nihita hotA hai / 'prakaraNa' kI isI kalpanAkI pradhAnatAko dikhalAnekelie granthakAra 'prakaraNa' padakA nirvacana karate hue ina kArikAoM kI vyAkhyA prArambha karate haiM jisameM nAyaka, phala, athavA pAkhyAnavastu alaga-alaga [eka-eka athavA do-do) athavA saba [arthAt tInoM prakRSTa rUpase kie jAte arthAt kalpita kie jAte haiM vaha 'prakaraNa' [kahalAtA hai| [yaha prakaraNa' zabdakA nirvacana hotA hai| usase ho 'prakaraNa' kI kalpanApradhAnatA sUcita hotI hai / lakSya [arthAt 'prakaraNa]' ke prasiddha honese [kArikAke prArambha meM sabase pahale prayukta 'prakaraNa' isa padase] usakA anuvAda karake [kArikAmoMke zeSa bhAga meM] lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai| [bhAge lakSaNabhAgameM pAe hae variNa mAdi padoMkI vyAkhyA karate haiM] kraya-vikraya karane vAle vANika kahalAte haiN| [1 adhyayana 2 adhyApana, 3 yamana, 4 yAjana, 5 dAna denA aura 6 pratigraha arthAt bAna lenA ina] chaH koko karane vAle 'vipra' kahalAte haiN| rAjyako cintA karane vAlA 'saciva' [kahalAtA hai| yaha [saciva varipaka tathA vipake antargata ho jAnepara bhI [marthAta kSatriya rAjA hotA hai aura zUdra sevaka / ve donoM saciva nahI hote haiN| isalie vaNika yA viprameMse hI saciva hotA hai ataH una donoMke madhyaMpAtI honepara bhI], dhIrodAtta [saciva athavA dhIraprazAMta [vipra]
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________________ 204 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 yadAhu: 'senApatiramAtyazca dhIrodAttau prakIrtitau' iti / 'saMkarAt' iti vyaktibhedena vaNigAdayo netAraH / na punarekasyAmeva prakavyaktau samavakArAdivat trayo'pi / 'prakaraNa' ke netA hote haiM isa bAta ke pratipAdanake lie alaga kahA gayA hai| jo 'pramAtya' ko nAyaka mAnakara dhIraprazAMta-nAyaka vAlA rUpaka 'prakaraNa' hotA hai isa prakAra [' prakaraNa' ko ] vizeSita karate haiM ve vRddha-sampradAyako nahIM samajhate haiN| [prarthAt ve prAcIna prAcAyoMkI paramparA ke viparIta bAta karate haiN| kyoMki prAcIna prAcAryoMke matAnusAra zramAtya yA saciva dhIraprazAMta nahIM apitu dhIrodAta nAyaka hotA ] hai / " jaisA ki kahA bhI hai senApati aura zramAtya dhIrodAtta [ nAyaka ] mAne jAte haiM / isa anuccheda meM 'viprAH SaTkarmANaH 1' yaha jo likhA gayA hai vaha manu Adi smRtikAroMkI vyavasthA ke AdhArapara likhA gayA hai / 'manuHsmRti' meM brAhmaNoM ke chaH karma nimna prakAra ginAe gae haiM adhyApanamadhyayanaM yajanaM yAjanaM tathA / dAnaM pratigrahaM caiva brAhmaNAnAmakalpayat // manuH kArikA meM Ae hue 'asaMkarAt' padakI vyAkhyA karate haiM / usakA prAzaya tInoM nAyaka ho sakate haiM kintu yaha hai ki yadyapi 'prakaraNa' meM vipra, amAtya tathA variNa unakA saMkara nahIM honA caahie| arthAt eka 'prakaraNa' meM inameM se eka hI nAyaka honA caahie| eka hI 'prakaraNa' meM tInoM nAyaka nahIM ho sakate haiM / 'samavakAra' AdimeM to eka hI 'samavakAra' meM aneka nAyaka bhI ho sakate haiM / kintu eka 'prakaraNa' meM aneka nAyaka nahIM ho sakate haiM yaha bAta granthakArane 'asaMkarAt' padase sUcita kI hai| isI bAtako bhagalI paMkti meM likhate haiM 'asaMkarAt' isa [pa] se [ yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki 'prakararaNa' meM] vyaktibheda se [arthAt alaga-alaga 'prakararaMga' meM alaga-alaga ] vaNik prAdi nAyaka ho sakate haiN| 'samayakAradi ke samAna eka hI 'prakararaNa' [rUpa vyakti ] meM tInoM [nAyaka] nahIM [ho sakate haiM] / Age kArikA ke 'mandagotrAGganam' padakA artha karate haiM / isa padako do prakArakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / pahalI vyAkhyA meM 'manda' padako 'gotra' padakA vizeSaNa mAna kara 'manda gotrA' arthAt nIcakulotpannA vezyAdi 'prakaraNa' kI nAyikA hotI hai yaha prathaM kiyA hai / aura dUsarI vyAkhyA meM pahale 'gotra' padakA 'aMganA' padake sAtha samAsa karake, phira 'manda' pada ko 'gotrAMganA' padakA vizeSaraNa banAyA hai / isa prakriyA se 'mandA' arthAt nikRSTa zrAcaraNa vAlI 'gotrAMganA' arthAt 'svavaMzotpannA' arthAt nAyakake samAna gotrakI nAyikA 'prakaraNa' meM hotI hai yaha artha kiyA hai / arthAt 'prakaraNa' meM kahIM nIcakulajA vezyA Adi aura kahIM svakulotpannA, aura kahIM donoM prakArakI nAyikAe~ hotI haiM / isIlie sAhityadarpaNakAra ne 'prakaraNa' ke lakSaNa meM likhA hai : 'nAyikA kulajA kvApi, vezyA kvApi, dvayaM kvacit' / sA0 da0 6-226 /
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________________ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 205 'mandagotrA' mandakulA, aMganA nAyikA yatra / yadvA 'mandA' mandavRttA, gotrAMganA yatra / ata evAtra nAyikaucityena nAyako'pi mandagotra eva / evaM ca puSpadUtike azoka dattAdizabdAkarNanena samudradattasya nandayantyAM yA vyalIkazaMkopanibaddhA, sA na doSAya / parapuruSasambhAvanAyA nirvahaNaM yAvadatropayogAt / aparathA uttamaprakRtInAM zvazureNa vadhvAH, putre dUre sthite nirvAsana, nirvAsitAyAzca zabarasenApatigRhesasthAnamanucitameva / 'mandagotrA' arthAt madhyama kulakI 'aMganA' arthAt nAyikA jisameM ho / athavA 'mandA' arthAt madhyama zrAcaraNa vAlI 'gotrAGganA' prarthAt kulajA nAyikA jisameM ho [ vaha 'prakaraNa' kahalAtA hai]| isIlie nAyikAkI anurUpatA ke kAraNa nAyaka bhI madhyama kula kA hI hotA hai / isalie 'puSpadUtika' meM 'prazokadatta' Adike zabdako suna kara 'samudradatta' kI 'nandayantI' ke caritrake viSaya meM jo zaMkA variNata kI gaI hai vaha doSAdhAyaka nahIM hai / kyoMki yahA~ nirvahaNa sandhi- paryanta parapuruSa [ ke sAtha 'nandayantI' ke sambandha ] kI sambhAvanAkA upayoga [dikhalAI detA ] hai / pranyathA uttamaprakRti vAle logoM meM putrake bAhara dUra gae hone para zvazurake dvArA putrabadhUkA gharase niSkAsana, aura nikAla die jAnepara [ putrabadhU er] zara-senApati gharameM rahanA [jo ki isa 'puSpadRtika' 'prakararaNa' meM dikhalAyA gayA hai vaha ] anucita hI ho jAegA [ usakI saMgati taba hI lagatI hai jaba usake nAyaka tathA nAyikA prAdiko uttama prakRtikA na mAna kara madhyama- prakRti mAnA jAe ] // isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki uttama prakRtikI nAyikAke prati kabhI parapuruSa sambandha kI zaMkA Adi nahIM kI jA sakatI hai / 'puSpadvatika' kI nAyikA 'nandayantI' ke prati usake zvazurako parapuruSa sambandhako zaMkA utpanna ho gaI thI isalie usane putrabadhUko ghara se nikAla diyA thA / isapara yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki jaise 'puSpadUtika' kI nAyikAke caritra ke viSaya meM zaMkA ho gaI thI, isI prakAra 'veNIsaMhAra' meM duryodhanako bhI apanI patnI bhAnumatI ke caritrake viSaya meM zaMkA ho gaI thii| to kyA bhAnumatI aura duryodhanakI gaNanA bhI madhyama prakRti ke nAyaka nAyikAmeM kI jAnI cAhie ? zrathavA unako uttama vargake nAyakanAyikA meM hI ginanA caahie| isa zaMkAkA granthakAra yaha samAdhAna karate haiM ki 'veNIsaMhAra' meM jo bhAnumatI ke prati zaMkAkA varNana kiyA gayA hai vaha anucita hai / ve donoM uttama prakRti ke nAyaka-nAyikA haiM / prata eva bhAnumatIke caritrake prati zaMkAkA varNana nATakakArako nahIM karanA cAhie thA / kiyA gayA hai / duryodhanakI veNIsaMhArake dvitIya aMka meM isa ghaTanAkA ullekha rAnI bhAnumatIne yuddha ke prArambha honeke pUrva eka dina rAtako eka bahuta burA svapna dekhA thA / usakI zAntikI vyavasthA karAnekelie vaha ekAnta meM AnI sakhiyoMko usa svapna ko sunA rahI hai / isI bIcameM duryodhana usa sthAnapara pahu~ca jAtA hai aura chipakara unakI bAteM sunane lagatA haiM | svapna meM bhAnumatIne yaha dekhA thA ki kisI nevalene sau sA~poM ko mAra DAlA hai / yaha sau saMkhyA kauravoMke sAtha sambaddha ho jAtI hai isalie use sau bhAiyoM sahita duryodhana ke praniSTako zaMkA ho gaI thii| isI svapnako vaha sakhiyoMko sunA rahI hai / usameM nevale ke lie 'nakula' zabdakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isako suna kara duryodhanako mAdrIputra
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________________ 206 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 uttamaprakRtInAM rAjJAM tu kulastriyAM vyalIkasambhAvanA duryodhanasyeva bhAnumatyAmanucitaiva / vaNigamAtya viprAzca svavargApekSayaivottamAH, na raajaapekssyaa| etadarthameva ca mandazabdena gotraM vizeSitam / prakaraNe hi nAyako vyutpAdyazca madhyamaprakRtireva / nakula ke sAtha bhAnumatIke anucita sambandhakI AzaMkA ho gaI hai / usa prasaMgake zabda jinhoMne duryodhanake manameM isa prakArakI zaMkAko utpanna kiyA nimna prakAra hai "bhAnumatI-tato'haM tasyAtizayitadivyarUpiNo nakulasya darzanenotsukA jAtA hatahadayA ca / tadujhitvA tadAsanasthAna latAmaMDapaM praveSTumArabdhA / duryodhanaH--[savailakSyamAtmagatam ] kiM nAmAtizayitadivyarUpiNo nakulasya darzanenotsukA jAtA hatahRdayA ca / tatkimanayA pApayA mAdrIsutAnuraktayA vayamevaM vipralabdhAH / [sotprekSam iyamasmat 2-10 iti paThitvA] mUDha duryodhana ! kulaTAvipralabhyamAtmAnaM bahumanyamAno'dhunA kiM vakSyasi / [kiM karAThe 2-6 iti paThitvA dizo'valokya] aho etadarthamevAsyAH prAtareva viviktasthAnAbhilASa: sakhIjanakathAsu ca pakSapAtaH / duryodhanastu mohAdavijJAtabandhakIhradayasAraH kvApi pribhraantH| prAH pApe! matparigrahapAMsule tad bhIrutvaM tava mama puraH sAhasAnIdRzAni, zlAghA sAsmadvapuSi vinayavyutkrame'pyeSa rAgaH / taccaudArya mayi jaDamatau cApale ko'pi panthAH, khyAte tasmin vitamasi kule'janyakaulInametat // 2-11 sakhI-tatastataH ? bhAnumatI-tataH so'pi mAmanusaranneva latAgRhaM praviSTaH / ubhe-tatastataH? bhAnumatI-tatastena sapragalbhaprasAritakareNApahRtaM me stanAMzukam / ubhe-tatastataH ? bhAnumatI-tata Aryaputrasya prabhAtamaMgalatUryaravamizreNa vAravilAsinIjanasaMgItaraveNa pratibodhitAsmi / isa prakaraNameM bhAnumatIke svapna-darzanake vRttAntakA jo varNana kiyA gayA hai usase duryodhanako bhAnumatIke caritrake viSayameM zaMkA ho jAnA svAbhAvika thaa| kintu antameM jaba usako yaha mAlUma huA ki yaha svapnakA varNana hai taba svayaM hI usakI zaMkA kA nivAraNa bhI ho gyaa| kintu granthakArakA kahanA yaha hai ki usa uttama prakRtike nAyakanAyikAke viSayameM isa prakArakI zaMkAkA honA bhI ucita nahIM hai| isalie kavikA yaha varNana manucita hai| isI bAtako ve prAge likhate haiM uttama prakRtike rAjAnoMmeM to, kulastrIke prati bhAnumatIke viSayameM duryodhana dvArAko gaI zaMkAke samAna, duzcaritratAko sambhAvanA kA varNana] bhI anucita hI hai| [prata eva 'veNIsaMhAra' kA yaha prasaMga anucita hI hai| variNag amAtya aura vipra apane-apane vargako dRSTise hI uttama ho sakate haiM / rAjAko
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________________ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 207 . 'divyAnAzritam' iti divyairanAzritam / nATake hi aMgatvena divyo bhavati / prakaraNe tu tathAbhAvo'pi neSTaH / tasya sukhabAhulyenAlpaduHkhatvAt / aparathA divyatvameva hIyate / madhyaM sarvottama-hInaprakRtyayogyaM ceSTitaM vihAra-vyAhAra-veSa-sambhogAdiko vyApAro yatra / tena kalpitavRttatve'pyasya na rAjocitAntaHpurAdisambhogaH / kancukiprabhRtibhRtyavargo vA / na cAdhamapAtrasambhogAdirvA nibandhanIyaH / tathA ca vezyAyAM nAyikAyAM vinayarahitamapi ceSTitaM nibadhyate / yathA vizAkhadevakRte 'devIcandragupte' mAdhavasenAM samuddizya kumAracandraguptagyoktiH AnandAzrujalaM sitotpalamacorAbadhnatA netrayoH, pratyaMgepu varAnane pulakiSu svedaM samAtanvatA / kurvANena nitambayorupacayaM sampUrNayorapyasau, kenApyaspRzatA'pyadhonivasanagranthistavoccha.vAsitaH // iti // apekSAse nhiiN| isake lie bhI 'manda' zabbase 'gotra'ko vizeSita kiyA hai| arthAt 'mandagotrAGgana' padameM jo 'manda' padako 'gotra' padakA vizeSaNa banAyA gayA hai usakA yaha bhI abhiprAya hai ki pariNaka amAtya vipra prAvi, rAjAko apekSAse manda gotra vAle hI hote haiM] / 'prakaraNa meM nAyaka paura [vyutpAdyaH arthAt jinako zikSAke lie 'prakaraNa' ko racanA kI gaI hai ve] sAmAjika donoM madhyama zreNIke hI hote haiN| __ bhAge kArikAmeM pAe hue 'divyAnAzritaM' padakI vyAkhyA karate haiM "divyAnAzritam' isakA yaha artha hai ki vivyapAtroMse rahita / 'nATaka meM to aMga rUpase [arthAt nAyakake sahAyaka rUpameM] divya pAtra [upasthita hotA hai kintu 'prakaraNa meM to usa prakArako [arthAt nAyakake aMgarUpameM] sthiti bhI iSTa nahIM hai| usa [divyapAtra ke sukhapradhAna honeke aura alpaduHkhayukta honeke kAraNa [klezAjya arthAt duHkhapradhAna 'prakaraNa meM unakI sthiti saMgata nahIM banatI hai| anyathA [arthAt yadi divya pAtroMko sukhapradhAna aura pralpa duHkhavAlA na mAnA jAya to unakI divyatA hI naSTa ho jaavegii| mAge kArikA meM pAe hue 'mandaceSTitam' padakI vyAkhyA karate haiM madhya arthAt sarvottama athavA sabase nikRSTa prakRtike ayogya, ceSTita arthAt vihAra, [cyAhAra arthAt] bhASaraNa, veSa aura sambhogAdi vyApAra jisameM ho [vaha madhyaceSTita 'prakaraNa' hotA hai| isalie pAkhyAna-vastuke kalpita honepara bhI isameM rAjAoMke samAna antaHpura prAdikA bhoga, kaJcukI prabhRti bhRttyavarga, athavA adhamapAtroMkA-sA sambhogAdikA varNana nahIM karanA cAhie / [apitu saba kucha madhya sthitike anurUpa hI honA cAhie ] / isIlie vezyA ke nAyikA honepara ziSTatA-rahita bAtoMkA bhI varNana ho jAtA hai| jaise vizAkhadevake banAe hue 'devIcandragupta meM mAdhavasenA [vezyA ko lakSyameM rakhakara kumAra candragutako [ziSTatAse rahita nimnalikhita ukti hai - zubhra-kamalake samAna kAnti vAlI A~khoMmeM, AnandAzrunoMko utpanna karane vAle, aura he varAGgane ! tumhAre romAJca-yukta sAre aMgoM meM svedotpAdana karadenevAle, evaM bhare hue nitamboMkI vRddhi karA dene vAle, kisI [premI ne sparza kie binA hI tumhAre nIce pahananeke vastrakI nArekI gAMThako khulavA DAlA hai|
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________________ . 208 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 66-67, sU0 117 vyutpAdyo'pi ca prakaraNe madhyamaprakRtireva / netRcaritasyApi tathAbhUtatvAditi / ___ 'dAsa-zreSThi-viTairyaktam' iti / 'dAso' jIvitAvadhi vetanakrIto, bAlyAt prabhRti poSito vA / 'zreSThI' vaNikpradhAnam / 'viTo' dhUrtaH / tatra kancukisthAne daasH| amAtyasthAne zreSThI / vidUSakasthAne viTaH / upalakSaNaM caitat , tenAparamapi cATukAra-sahAyAdikaM vaNigAdyaucityena nibandhanIyam / 2 'klezAdhyam' iti dukhadIptam / apAyazatAntaritaphalatvAditi etAvallakSaNam / tacceti, uktalakSaNaM 'prakaraNaM' saptabhedam / 'ino' nAyakaH / 'phalaM' mukhyasAdhyam / 'vastu' phalasAdhakA upaayaaH| eteSAM eka-dvi-trividhAnena saptabhedaM 'prakaraNama' / tatra netuH prakalpane taditarayozcAkalpane eko bhNgH| evaM phala-vastunorapi / evamekakalpavidhAne trayo bhaMgAH / tathA nAyaka-phalayoH, nAyaka-vastunoH, phalavastunorvA kalpane zeSasyaikasya cAkalpane trayo dvikbhNgaaH| nAyaka-phala-vastUnAM trayANAmapi samuditAnAmapi kalpane eko bhaMgaH / evaM sarvamelanena' saptadhA prakaraNamiti // 1-2 [66-67] / / yaha kumAracandraguptakA vacana vinaya-rahita yA ziSTatA-rahita hai| uttama prakRtike pAtroM meM isa prakArake vacanoMkA prayoga upayukta nahIM hotA hai| kintu yahA~ vezyA mAdhavasenAke nAyikA hone ke kAraNa hI isa prakArake vacanake prayogakI saMgati lagAI jA sakatI hai / yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai / nAyakake caritrake bhI [usa prakArake arthAt] madhyama-prakRtikA honeke kAraNa 'prakaraNa'meM [vyutpAdya arthAt sAmAjika bhI madhyama-prakRtike hI hote haiN| Age kArikAmeM pAe hue 'dAsa-zreSThi-viTayuktam' kI vyAkhyA karate haiM___ 'vAsa-zreSThi-viTayuktam' [isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki] jIvana-paryantake lie vetanase kraya kiyA huA athavA bacapanase pAlA humA 'dAsa' hotA hai / variNakoMkA pradhAna, athavA pradhAna variNaka 'zreSThI' kahalAtA hai / 'viTa' [kA artha] dhUrta hai| unameMse [nATakake] kaJcukIke sthAnapara [prakaraNameM] 'dAsa' [ko samajhanA cAhie] / amAtyake sthAnapara zreSThI aura vidUSakake sthAnapara viTa [kA upayoga hotA hai / [dAsa-zreSThi-viTayuktaM] yaha [vacana] upalakSaNa rUpa hai / isalie variNak prAdi [nAyakoM] ke aucityake anusAra cATukAra [cApalUsa] sahAyaka prAvi anya [pAtroM kA bhI varNana karanA cAhie / 'klezAvyam' isakA 'duHkha-pradhAna' yaha artha hai| kyoMki usakA phala saikar3oM kaSTa bhoganeke bAda prApta hotA hai| [isalie 'prakaraNa' duHkhapradhAna rUpaka hotA hai| yahAM taka [arthAta 67vIM kArikAke pUrvAddha bhAga taka prakaraNakA] lakSaraNa kahA hai [mAge usake bheda dikhalAte haiN| ___ Age 67vIM kArikAke uttarArdha bhAgakI vyAkhyA karate haiN| isameM 'kalpyena-phalavastUnAM' isa padameM 'kalpyena' kA padaccheda 'kalpya+ina' yaha kiyA jAnA cAhie / isa prakAra kA padaccheda karake hI usakA artha Age dikhalAte haiM aura 'vaha' arthAt pUrvokta lakSaNavAlA 'prakaraNa' sAta prakArakA hotA hai / 'ina' [zabdakA artha] nAyaka hai| phala [zabdakA artha] mukhya sAdhya hai| aura phalake sAdhaka upAya 'vastu' [kahalAte haiN| inameMse eka, do, yA tInake [kalpita honeke vidhAnase 'prakaraNa'ke sAta 1. pariNagAyau vidhava pr0| 2. kleshaadypr0| 3. sarvamIlanena /
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________________ kA068, sU0 118 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 206 atha nAyikAyogadvAreNa bhedasaMkhyAnamapyAha[sUtra 118]-kulastro gRhavArtAyAM paNyastrI tu viparyaye / viTe patyau dvayaM tasmAdekatrizatidhA'pyadaH // // [3]68 // gRhavArtAyAM gArhasthyocitapuruSArthasAdhake vRtte kulajaiva strI nAyikAtvena vaNigAdInAM nibandhanIyA / yathA 'pusspduutike'| viparyaye tu gAIsthyocitapuruSArthAvarNane vezyaiva nAyikAtvena nibandhanIyA yathA 'taraGgadatte / ubhayayogasya viTa eva vidhAnAdanayorapyavadhAraNam / viTe gIta-nRtya-vAdyavicakSaNe dyUta-pAna-vezyAdiSu prasakte kalAkuzale mUladevAdI patyo nAyakatvena' vivakSite vezyA kulastrI ceti dvayaM taducitagAIsthyapuruSArthApekSayA nibandhanIyam / asya tu viTatvAdeva pnnystroprdhaanm| kulastrI tu pitR-pitAmahAdyanurodhAd gauNam / viTasya patitvAnuvAdAd vaNigAdyantabhUto'pi 'prakaraNe' viTo netA labhyate / vezyA-kulajAbhyAM saMkIrNatvAdayaM bhedo'zuddhaH / pUrvI tu zuddhau strIsaMkarAbhAvAt / zuddhabhedayorapi viTaH sasahAya ekaH / saMkIrNe tu bahavaH / kecit tu vaNignetRkamapi dhUrtasaMkulatvAnmRcchakaTikAdikaM saMkIrNaM mnynte| bheva ho jAte haiN| unameMse nAyakake kalpita, aura zeSa donoM [arthAt phala aura vastu ke kalpita na honepara eka bheda hotA hai| isI prakAra phala aura vastumeM bhI [ekake kalpita aura zeSa doke kalpita na honepara eka-eka bheda hotA hai / isa prakAra ekako kalpanAke vidhAnase tIna bheva banate haiN| isI prakAra (1) nAyaka aura phala, (2) nAyaka aura vastu tathA (3) phala maura vastu ina do-do ke kalpita, aura zeSa ekake bhakalpita honepara do-do vAle tIna bheda hote haiN| nAyaka, phala aura vastu tInoMke eka sAtha kalpita honepara eka bheda banatA hai| isa prakAra sabako milAkara 'prakaraNa' ke sAta bheda ho jAte haiN| [1-2] 66-67 // . isa prakAra 67 vIM kArikAke uttarArddha meM nAyaka mAdike kalpita honeke mAdhArapara 'prakaraNa' ke sAta bheda dikhalAe haiN| mAge kulastrI, vezyA tathA donoM prakArakI nAyikAnoM ke variNata honepara ina sAtoM prakArake 'prakaraNoM ke tIna-tIna bheda aura bhI bana sakate haiN| isalie 'prakaraNa' ke 21 bheda ho jAte haiN| ina bhedoMko agalI kArikAmeM dikhalAte haiM aba nAyikAke bhedoMke dvArA [prakaraNa' ke bhedoMko saMkhyAko bhI kahate haiM [sUtra 118]-gRhasthocita vRttameM kulastrI, isake viparIta vRttameM vezyA aura biTa [dhUtaM] ke, pati [rUpameM variNata honepara [kulastrI aura vezyA] donoM [nAyikAeM ho sakatI haiN| isalie ['prakaraNa' ke pUrvokta sAta bhedoM se pratyekake tIna-tIna bheva ho jAnese saba milakara yaha ikkIsa prakArakA bhI ho sakatA hai [3] 68 / gRhavArtA arthAt gRhasthocita puruSArtha ke sAdhaka vRta [kathA] meM pariNam prAdi [nAyakoM kI kulajA strI hI nAyikA rUpameM rakhanI caahie| jaise 'puSpatika' meN| isake viparIta arthAt gRhastha dharmake ucita puruSArthakA varNana na honepara vezyAko hI nAyikA rUpameM prastuta karanA caahie| jaise 'taraMgavata' meN| [kulajA mora pezyA] bonoMke yoga kA viTake sAtha hI [arthAt viTake pati honepara hI vidhAna honese ina [kulabA tapA 1. vivksste|
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________________ 210 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA068, sU0 116 eSu ca bhedeSu nAyakavRttAnurUpa eva vyutpaadyH| atra hi vaNigamAtyaviprAdyucitA trivargaprAptiH, tadarjane sthairya-dhairyAdi,vyApadi mUDhatA, kulastrIvRttaM, vezyAsusambhogacAturya, viTa-dUtayoH svarUpa, nAyikArAgAparAgaligAni, hRdayagrahaNaprayogazca, nAyakayoraparAgakAraNAni, caturottamamadhyamaprakRtenAyakasya, uttAmadhyamaprakRtenAyikAyAzca svarUpam , sAmAdyupAyaprayogazca vyutpAdyAnAmupadizyate / 'tasmAditi' yataH zuddhasaMkIrNAbhedatrayarUpaM saptabheda 'prakaraNaM', 'tasmAdekavizatidhApyadaH' etat 'prakaraNam / caturdaza zuddhAH, sapta saMkIrNAH prakaraNabhedAH / nAyikAyAH kalpitAkalpitatvenAnye'pi bhedAH saMbhavanti / paramadRSTatvAdupekSitAH // [3] 68 // vezyA] donoMkA bhI avadhAraNa [arthAt gRhavAmi kevala kulajA hI, aura usase bhinnameM kevala vezyA hI nAyikA ho sakatI hai isa prakArakA niyama hai| 'viTa' arthAt gIta-nRtya aura vAdyameM nipuNa dyUta, pAna aura vezyAdike sevanameM tatpara kalA-kuzala mUladevAdi jaise patiyoMke nAyaka rUpameM vivakSita honepara vezyA aura kulajA donoM apane-apane yogya gRhasthocita puruSArthakI [aura usase bhinna puruSArthako] apekSAse [nAyikA rUpameM] vezyA aura kulajA donoMkI racanA karanI caahie| isa [viTa rUpa pati ke dhUrta honeke kAraNa ho vezyA pradhAna hai aura kulastrI to pitA pitAmaha prAvire anuroSase [rakhI huI honeke kAraNa] gauNa hotI hai| viTake pati rUpameM kathana karanese variNaga prAdhike antargata hone para bhI viTa nAyaka ho sakatA hai yaha bAta nikalatI hai| [arthAt viTa 'prakaraNa' kA netA to ho sakatA hai kintu vaha pUrvokta variNag amAtya yA viproMmeMse hI koI hogaa| unase alaga nahIM] / vezyA tathA kulajA [donoM prakArako nAyikAoM se saMkIrNa honeke kAraNa yaha bheda azuddha bheda hai| pahale donoM [arthAt jisameM kevala kulajA athavA kevala vezyA hI nAyikA ho be] strIke saMkara na honeke kAraNa zuddha bheda haiN| zuddha bhedoMmeM bhI sahAyakoMke sahita eka viTa hotA hai| saMkIrNameM to aneka hote haiN| koI loga varipak jisakA nAyaka hai isa prakAra ke 'prakaraNa' ko bhI dhUtoMse vyApta honeke kAraNa saMkIrNa mAnate haiM / jaise mRcchakaTika maadi| ina bhedoMmeM nAyakake vRsake anusAra hI sAmAjika [vyutpAdya] hote haiN| isameM variNaka, amAtya, vipra prAdike ucita [dharma artha kAma rUpa] 1 trivargako prApti, 2 usake prApta karanekelie apekSita sthiratA, dhairya prAvi, 3 mApattikAlameM mUDhatA, 4 kula-striyoMkA mAcAra, 5 vezyAmoMke bhalI prakAra sambhogakA cAturya, 6 viTa tathA vidUSakake svarUpa 7 nAyikAke anurAga tathA aparAgake liMga, 6 hRdayako vazameM karaneke prayoga, 10 nAyakanAyikA donoM ke paraspara aparAgake kAraNa, 11 catura uttama madhyama prakRtike nAyaka, tathA uttama madhyama prathama prakRtikI nAyikAke svarUpoMkA aura 12 sAmAdi upAyoMke prayoga kA upadeza sAmAjikoMko diyA jAtA hai| 'tasmAt' isase [yaha abhiprAya hai ki kyoMki [pUrvokta] sAta bhejoMse yukta 'prakaraNa' ke [eka kevala kula strIke nAyikA honepara aura dUsarA kevala paNyastrIke nAyikA honepara] do zuddha aura eka saMkIrNa [arthAt jisameM donoM prakArakI nAyikAe~ hoM isa prakAra tIna bheda ho sakate haiM / isalie yaha 'prakaraNa' 743= 21 prakArakA bhI ho sakatA hai| unameMse bauvaha zuddha aura sAta saMkIrNa bheva hoNge| nAyi
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________________ kA066, sU0 120 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 211 athAkalpyasvarUpam' nirUpayati[sUtra 116]-pratrAkalpya purA kluptaM yadvA'nArSamasadguNam / atra 'prakaraNe' akalpyaM anutpAdyaM yat tat pUrvakavikRtakAvyAdau kluptaM sat samudradattatacceSTitAdivad grAhyam / athavA yadatrAkalpya tat pUrvarSipraNItazAstravyatiriktabRhatkathAyupanibarddha mUladeva-taccaritAdivadupAdeyam / 'sadguNam' iti / yadatrAkalpyaM pUrvakavikalpitaM bRhatkathAdyupanibaddhaM vA caritramapi tadasadguNaM, pUrvakavikAvye bRhatkathAdI cAsanto guNAH rasapuSTihetavo bhaNitivizeSAdayo yatra / yadapyatra prAktanaM nibaddhayate tatrApi kavinA rasapuSTiheturadhikAvApo vidheya ityarthaH / ata evArSasya varjanam / tatra hyabhUtaguNAvApe zrAddhalokasya jugupsA syAditi // apavAdabhUtaM kRtyamuktvA utsargamatidizatikAnoMke kalpita aura akalpita honese aura bhI adhika bheda ho sakate haiM / parantu [lakSyagranthoMmeM] na pAe jAnese unakA yahA~ varNana nahIM kiyA hai [unakI upekSA kara dI hai] // [3]68 // aba 'prakalpya' [arthAt jisameM nAyikAdiko kalpanA nahIM kI jAtI hai una] ke svarUpako kahate haiM [sUtra 116]--jisakI kalpanA pahile [anya kAvyoMmeM] kI jA cukI hai athavA anArSa anthoM meM variNata kintu [prasadguNam arthAt]. navIna guNoMse yukta [nAyakAdi yahAM 'prakaraNa' meM] prakalpita ho sakate haiN| yahA~ arthAt 'prakaraNa' meM jo prakalpita arthAta [kavike dvArA svayaM] anutpAdita hotA hai vaha pUrva kaviyoMke banAe kAya?meM kalpita samudravasAdike caritrake samAna [yahA~ 'prakaraNa' meM] grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| prathavA jo yahAM akalpita hotA hai vaha pUrvavartI RSi-praNIta zAstrAdise bhinna gRhatkathAdi [pranArSa granyoM] meM upanibaddha mUladevacaritra prAvike samAna upAdeya hotA hai| [kintu vizeSatA yaha hotI hai ki vaha 'asadguNa' arthAt pUrvakavi-kalpita athavA vRhatkathAdimeM variNata, jo caritra yahAM [prakaraNa meM] akalpita rUpameM liyA jAtA hai vaha bhI, usameM jo guNa vahA~ [pUrva kavike pAtrameM] nahIM hote haiM usa prakArake apUrva guNoM se yukta hotA hai| arthAt pUrva kaviyoMke kAvyoMmeM aura bRhatkathAdimeM jo guNa usameM nahIM visalAe gae haiM isa prakArake rasake paripoSaka apUrva vacana-vizeSAdi rUpa guNa jisameM hoM isa prakArakA ['prakaraNa' honA cAhie] isameM jo kucha purAnI bAta kahI jAe usameM bhI rasa kI paripuSTikelie kaviko naI bAta aura bar3hA denI caahie| yaha abhiprAya hai| isIlie yahAM [pranArSa padase] pArSa [caritroM kA niSeSa kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki una [prArSa caritroM meM navIna guNoMkA varNana honepara prakSAlu logoMko ghRNA ho jaaegii| [isa prakAra 'prakaraNa' ke lakSaNameM nATakase bhinna apavAdabhUta kAryoko kaha kara aba [nATakake samAna hI jo-jo bAteM 'prakaraNa meM bhI pAI jAtI hai una] utsargabhUta [sAmAnya bAtoM kA ['prakaraNa' meM] prativeza karate haiM1. klpsvk|
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________________ 212 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 70, sU0 121 [sUtra 120] zeSaM nATakavat sarva kaizikIpUrNatAM vinA // [4] 66 // ___ uktAd vaNika-vipra-saciva-svAmyAdikAllakSaNAccheSaM aparamabhineyaprabandhocitaM phala-zrata-upAya-dazA-saMdhi-saMdhyaMga-pravezaka-viSkabhaka-aMkAvatAra-aMkamukha-cUlikAvRttibheda-rasAdikaM yathA nATake lakSitaM tathAtrApi sarvamaucityAnatikrameNAyojyam / vRtticatuSTayasyAtideze'pi kaizikIbAhulyaM na nibandhanIyam / klezaprAcuryeNa zRGgArahAsyayoralpatvAt / yathA mRcchakaTI-puSpadUtika-taraMgadattAdiSu / yatpuna-rbhavabhUtinA mAlatImAdhave kaizikIvAhulyamupanibaddhaM, 'tanna vRddhAbhiprAyamanuruNaddhIti / tadayaM saMkSepaH-yasya pUrvaprasiddha evArthe kutUhalaM asau munipraNItazAstraprasiddhacaritena nATakena rAjAdiruttamaprakRtivyutpAdyate / yasya punarutpAdye'rthe kutUhalamasau vaNigAdibhirmadhyamaprakRtiH 'prakaraNena' / durmedhasAM hi nyAyye vartma ni pravRtyartha kavayo'bhineyaprabandhAna prathnantIti // [4] 66 // atha prakaraNAnantaroddiSTAM nATikAM lakSayitumAha [sUtra 120]-kaizikIkI pUrNatAko chor3akara zeSa saba nATakake samAna 'prakaraNa' meM bhI hotA hai| [4] 66 / [prakaraNake lakSaNameM vizeSa rUpase kahe hue] pariNaka vipra, athavA amAtyake nAyakatvAdi rUpa vizeSa lakSaNake atirikta abhinaya prabandhake yogya anya 1 phala, 2 aMka, 3 upAya, 4 dazA, 5 sandhi, 6 sandhyaMga, 7 pravezaka, 8 viSkambhaka, 9 aMkAvatAra, 10 aMkamukha, 11 cUlikA, 12 vRttibheda aura 13 rasAdika saba aMse nATakoMmeM kahe gae hai usI prakAra paucityakA pratikramaNa na karate hue yahAM [prakaraNa' meM bhI prayukta karane cAhie / [sa] sAmAnya niyamase sAmsvatI prArabhaTI kaMziko bhAratI prAvi cAroM vRttiyoMkI prApti honepara bhI ['prakaraNa' meM kaizikIke bAhulyakA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki usameM klezakA prASiSaya honese bhRGgAra aura hAsyakA avasara kama hotA hai isalie 'prakaraNa' meM kaizikI vRttikA adhika prayoga ucita nahIM hotA hai| jaise mRcchakaTika, puSpatika mora taraMgadatta mAdi [prakaraNoM meM [kaMzikI vRtikA adhika prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai| bhavabhUtine jo apane mAlatI mAdhava ['prakaraNa'] meM kaizikIkA pracura prayoga kiyA hai vaha vRddha-sampradAya [arthAt pUrva AcAryoMke mata] ke anukUla nahIM hai| isakA sArAMza yaha humA ki-jinako pUrvaprasiddha carita prAbimeM hI abhiruci hotI hai una rAjAdi uttama prakRtike logoMko muniyoMke banAe hue zAstrArimeM prasika parita vAle nATakAdike dvArA hI dhyutpatti karAI jAtI hai| aura jinako kalpita meM abhinadhi hotI hai una madhyama prakRti vAle vaNika mAviko 'prakaraNa' ke dvArA vyutpatti karAI jAtI hai| kyoMki mandabukhiyoMko ucita mArgameM pravRtta karAne ke lie hI kavijana abhinaya [nATakAri] prabandhoMkI racanA karate hai // [v] 66 // 3. tRtIya rUpaka bheda 'nATikA' kA lakSaNa aba 'prakaraNa' meM antara kahI huI 'nATikA' kA lakSaNa karanekelie kahate haiM1. tatra / 2. mutpAdyate /
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________________ kA0 70, sU0 121 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 213 [ sUtra 121 ] - caturaMkA bahustrIkA nRpezA strI-mahI-phalA / kalyyArthA kaizikamukhyA pUrvarUpadvayotthitA / [5] 70 / / prakhyAti khyAtitaH kanyA- devyornATI caturvidhA / 'caturaMka' iti avasthAtrayasamAptiparicchinnAstrayo'GkAH / kasyAzcidavasthAyAH prabhUtarase'vasthAntare samAvezena yugapadavasthAdvayasamAptyA kavicchede catvAro'GkAH / alpaM hi vRttaM nATikAyAmato vRttasaMkSepArthamavasthAyAH samAvezaH / bahustrIkatA ca kaizikamukhyatvena zRGgArarasabAhulyAt / ata eva lalitAbhinayAtmikAH / striyazca devI - dUtI-sakhI-beTI-kanyakAdayaH / nRpaH kaizikIprathAnatvAda dhIralalito rAjA Izo netA yasyAm / ata evAtra prakaraNo bhavatve'pi sarvo rAjocito vyavahAraH / nAyakAnusAritvAt sarvavyavahArasya / 'strI - mahIphalA' iti strIlAbhapura:rAjyaprAphilA / 'kalyyArthA' iti karma-karaNavyutpattibhyAM 'artha' phalamupAyAzca / [sUtra 121 ka ] -cAra ghaMkoM vAlI, aneka strI pAtroM, rAjA rUpa nAyaka, aura strI prathavA pRthivI [kI prApti rUpa] phala vAlI, kalpita prayaM pradhAna, kaizikI bahula, pUrvakathita donoM rUpakoM [arthAt 'nATaka' aura 'prakaraNa'] se utpanna, 'nATikA' hotI hai| [yaha 'nATikA' kA lakSaNa huA ] / [5] 70 / / [ kSetra 121 ] - kanyA aura devI [do prakArako isakI nAyikAeM hotI haiM una donoM] ke [bhI] maprasiddha tathA prasiddha honese [bo-do bheda ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra kula milAkara] 'nATikA'ke cAra bheda hote haiM / ['nATaka' meM sAdhAraNata: 'kArya' kI pA~ca 'avasthAeM' batalAI gaI haiM aura unameMse pratyeka 'avasthA' kA varNana eka-eka aMka meM pUrA honeke kAraNa 'nATaka' meM kama-se-kama pA~ca aMka bhAvazyaka mAne gae haiM kintu 'nATikA' meM cAra hI aMka batalAe haiN| isakA upapAdana karate hue granthakAra likhate haiM ki 'caturaMka' isase tIna avasthAoMoMkI samAptise yukta tIna aMka aura kisI eka avasthA kA pradhAnabhUta anya avasthA meM samAveza kara eka sAtha do avasthAnoMkI samApti vAlA eka [ cauer] aMka, isa prakAra cAra aMka hote haiM / 'nATikA' meM kathAvastu kama hone ke kAraNa kathAvastuke saMkSepakelie hI eka avasthAkA [kisI dUsarI avasthAmeM] samAveza kahA gayA hai / [nATikAmeM] kaizikoko pradhAnatAke kAraNa zrRMgArarasako pramukhatA honese bahuta striyA~ [zrAvazyaka ] hotI haiN| isI kAraNa [ ve striyAM] lalita prabhinaya bAlI hotI haiM / [nATikAko] striyA~ devo, dUtI, sakhI, ceTo, aura kanyA Adi hotI haiN| ['nRpezA' meM] grupa [zabda] se dhIralalita rAjA, [kA praharaNa hotA hai] vaha jisameM svAmI arthAt nAyaka ho [vaha 'nRpeza' nATikA hotI hai ] / isIlie [nATikAke] 'prakararaNa' se udbhUta honepara bhI usameM sArA vyavahAra rAjAke yogya ho hotA hai| kyoMki sArA vyavahAra nAyakake anurUpa hI ucita hotA hai / "strI-mahIphalA" isase [ yaha bAta sUcita kI hai ki ] strIlAbha puraHsara rAjyaprAti [nATikAkA ] phala hotA hai / 'kalpgrAryA' isameM [ 'abhyaMte iti artha:' isa prakArako karmaparaka
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________________ 214 ] nATyadarpaNam tena dvAvapyatrotpAdyau / 'kaizikI' vakSyamANalakSaNA, sA 'mukhyA' pradhAnaM yasyAm / mukhyatvaM ca zeSavRttyapekSayA bAhulyam / tata eva gIta-nRtta vAdya- hAsyAdInAM zRGgArAGgAnAM prAcuryam / pUrvarUpadrayaM 'nATaka' 'prakaraNaM' ca / tasmAdutthitamutthAnaM yamyAm / kaizikIprAdhAnyAcca yat strIprAyaM kAmaphalaM 'nATaka', 'prakaraNaM' ca kizcina, tadiha grAhyam / anyeSAmanurUpatvAbhAvAt / etadvayotthitatvena cAvasthA- sandhi-sandhyaMga-bIja-bindu-patAkA-prakarI-patAkAsthAnaka aMka pravezaka viSkambhaka itivRttabhedAdIni, ubhaya bhedasAdhAraNAni labhyante / tatra 'nRpezA' iti nATakadharmaH / tata eva nAyako'kalpitaH / 'kalpyArthA' iti prakaraNadharmaH / etAvallakSaNam // [ 5 ] 78 / / 'akhyAti khyAtitaH' iti / iha nATikAyAM nAyikAyA dvayaM kanyA devI ceti yugapat / apariNItA kanyA / antaHpurasaMgItaka bhedabhinnA / pariNItA tu devI / tayoH vyutpatti tathA zrarthyate zraneneti artha' isa prakArakI kararaNa-paraka vyutpatti ho sakatI hai / isalie ] karma aura karaNa - paraka [ dvividha] vyutpattiyoMke kAraraNa phala aura upAya donoM ''artha' hote haiM [arthAt karma vyutpatti ke anusAra phalako 'artha' kahA jAtA hai aura kararaNa vyutpattike anusAra 'upAya' ko 'artha' kahA jA sakatA hai / [ kA0 71, sU0 121 isalie [nATikA meM phala aura upAya ] ye donoM kalpita hote haiN| [yaha abhiprAya hai ] / 'kezikI' kA lakSaNa zrAge kiyA jAyagA / vaha jisameM mukhya arthAt pradhAna ho [ yaha 'kaizikamukhyA' kA artha hai ] / anya [ bhAratI prArabhaTI aura sAttvatI ] vRttiyoMko apekSA [kaizikIkA] bAhulya hI [ usakI] mukhyatA hai / isIlie [ nATikAmeM ] gIta, nRtta, vAdya aura hAsya prAdi zRMgArake aMgoMkI pracuratA rahatI hai / pahile kahe hue jo do rUpakabheda prarthAt nATaka aura prakararaNa unase jisakI utpatti hotI hai [ vaha nATikA hotI hai yaha 'pUrvarUpadotthitA' padakA artha hai ] / kaizikIko pradhAnatA honeke kAraraNa jo koI nATaka athavA prakaraNa strI- bahula aura kAmaphala vAlA ho usakA hI [nATikAkI prakRtike rUpameM] graharaNa karanA cAhie / anya [ nATaka yA prakararaNa] ke [ nATikAke svarUpa ke] anukUla na honese [ anya prakAra ke nATakAdiko nATikAkI prakRti nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai ] / ina [nATaka tathA prakaraNa] donoM utthita hone ke kAraNa avasthA, sandhi, sandhyaMga, bIja, bindu, patAkA, prakarI, patAkAsthAnaka, aMka, pravezaka, viSkambhaka, aura kathAvastukA bheva zrAdi 'nATaka' tathA 'prakaraNa' donoMse milate-julate hI [nATikA meM] lie jAte haiM / nATikA meM 'nRpezA' [arthAt rAjA nAyaka hotA hai] yaha nATakakA dharma hai / isIlie nAyaka kalpita nahIM hotA hai / aura 'kalpyArthA' yaha 'prakaraNa' kA dharma hai / [ 'artha' zabda se vyutpattibheva dvArA phala aura upAya donoMkA grahaNa hotA hai yaha bAta bhI kaha cuke haiM / isa kAraNa nATikAmeM phala aura upAya donoM kalpita hote haiM / yaha 'kalpayAryA' padakA abhiprAya hai / isa prakAra nATikA meM 'nATaka' tathA 'prakaraNa donoMke dharma pAe jAte haiM isalie nATikAko 'pUrvarUpadvayotthitA' kahA hai ] itanA hI [nATikAkA] lakSaraNa hai [ prAge usake bheda kahe haiN| lakSaNabhAga yahA~ samApta ho gayA hai ] / / [5] 70 // 'prakhyAti khyAtita' isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki---isa nATikA meM kanyA zraura devI donoM eka sAtha nAyikAe~ hotI haiM / prapariNItA [strI] 'kanyA' hotI hai / aura vaha antaHpurake
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________________ kA0 7, sU0 122 / dvitIyo vivekaH [ 215 pratyeka prasiddhi-aprasiddhiyAM caturbhedatvAnnATikApi cturvidhaa| tatra' 'devyaprasiddhA kanyA prasiddhaH ityekaH / devyaprasiddhA kanyakApyaprasidveti dvitIyaH / devI prasiddhA kanyA tvaprasiddhati nRtIyaH ravI prasiddhA kanyApi prasiddhati caturthaH / ubhayoH prasiddhatve'pi ca kalpitAyatvaM nAtikAtrAH / anyathA saMvidhAnakaracanAt / nATayati nartayati vyutpAdyamanAbhIti aci, gairAderAkRtigagatvAcca DanyAM 'naattii'| alpavRttatvAdalpArthe 'kapi' nATikA ityapAti / zrIpradhAnAvAta sukumArAtizayatvAcca striiliNgsNjnyaanirdeshH| evaM prakaraNyAmapoti / atha nATikAgataM kartavyamupadizati[sUtra 122]---atra mukhyAkRto yogaH paryante neturanyathA // [6] 71 // premAdro vartate'nyasyAM netA mukhyAbhizaMkitaH / / saMgIta prAdi bhedoMke kAraNa aneka prakArako hotI hai / vivAhitA [strI] 'devI' hotI hai| una donoMkI prasiddhi tathA aprasiddhi ke kAraNa nAyikAke cAra bheda ho jAnese nATikA bhI cAra prakArako hotI hai / unameMse (1) devI aprasiddha ho aura kanyA prasiddha ho yaha pahalA bheda hunaa| (2) devo aprasiddha ho aura kanyA bhI aprasiddha ho yaha dUsarA bheda huaa| (3) devI prasiddha ho kintu kanyA aprasiddha ho yaha tIsarA meM huaa| (4) devI prasiddha ho aura kanyA bhI prasiddha ho yaha cauthA bheda huaa| [devI aura kanyA] donoMke prasiddha honepara bhI [nATikAmeM unake caritra prAdi rUpa] saMvidhAnakako racanA prasiddha kathAkI apekSA] kucha anya hI prakAra se kara denese nATikA 'kalpyArthA' ho jAtI hai| [Age nATikA zabdako vyutpatti dikhalAte haiN| yaha zabda naTa nartane dhAtuse banA hai| usake anusAra jo sAmAjikoM [vyutpAdyoM ke manoMko nacAtI hai [AhlAdita karatI hai] isa vigrahameM ac-pratyaya karake [SidgaurAdibhyazca sUtrameM] gaurAdi gaNake prAkRti gaNa honese DIpa pratyaya honepara 'nATI' [yaha pada siddha hotA hai / [yaha nATI pada nATikAkA paryAyavAcaka zabda ho hai / nATI padase alpArthameM kap-pratyaya karake 'nATikA' pada bana jAtA hai| isa bAtako Age kahate haiM ] alpa kathAvastu hone ke kAraNa alpArthameM kapapratyaya hokara 'nATikA' yaha bhI | rUpa banatA hai| nATikA aura nATI padoMmeM jo strIliMgakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai usakA upapAdana karate haiM] strI-pradhAna honeke kAraNa aura saukumAryakA atizaya honeke kAraNa strIliMgako saMjJAke dvArA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / isI prakAra 'prakaraNI' [isa pada] meM bhI [strIliMgake padakA prayoga samajha lenA caahie| aba nATikAmeM [pAkhyAna-vastuko racanA kisa prakAra karanI cAhie isa] kartavyakA upadeza karate haiM [ sUtra 122 ]-usa [nATikA] meM, anta meM [arthAt nirvahaNa-sandhimeM] nAyakakA mukhya nAyikA dvArA anya [kanyA ke sAtha yoga karAyA jAnA caahie| [aura usake pUrva] nAyaka premAsakta hokara bhI mukhya nAyikAse DaratA hugrA-sA anya [kanyAke sAtha praNayavyApAra meM pravRtta hotA hai| 1. dekhycsipr| 2. sukumArAtinayatvAcca / 3. nAyakAgata pr|
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________________ 216 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 73, sU0 123 'atra' nATikAyAM 'mukhyA' nRpavaMzajatva-gambhIratva-pariNItatvAdibhiH pradhAnaM nAyikA, tadvazAdantaHpurasaMgItakasambandhena zruti-darzanAbhyAmAsannayA 'anyayA' 'kanyayA' 'yogaH' sambandho nAyakasya 'paryante' nirvahaNasandhau darzayitavyaH // [6] 71 / - netA ca tallAbhAdarvAk pravardhamAnAnurAgo mukhyAtazcakitahRdayaH kanyAyAmupavanAdiSu saMketasthAneSu sNghttte| . __ kRtyAntaramapi darzayati[sUtra 123] --devI dakSA'parA mugdhA samA dharmA dvayoH punaH // [7] 72 // krodha-prasAda-pratyUha-rati-cchamAdi bhuurishH| devI dakSA caturA nibandhanIyA / aparA tu kanyA mugdhA caaturyvrjitaa| dharmAH punaH kSatriyavaMzajatva-naya-vinaya-lajjA-mahattva-gAmbhIryAdayaH, tulyA dvayoH devI-kanyayornibandhanIyAH // [7] 72 // tathA kanyAnurAgaparijJAne devyA rAjani krodhH| rAjJA ca tasyAH prasAdanam / devyA ca rAjJaH kanyAsamAgame vighnaH / rAja-kanyayoH parasparaM ratiH / sarveSAmAnyonyaM vacanam / Adi zabdAdanyadapi zrRgArAMgaM bhUyo bhUyo nibandhanIyamiti / / isa nATikAmeM rAjavaMzameM utpanna honeke kAraNa, gambhIratvake kAraNa aura pariNItA honeke kAraNa, mukhyA nAyikA hI pradhAna hotI hai| usake dvArA antaHpurake saMgIta prAdike sambandhase zravaNa yA darzana dvArA prAsa dUsarI kanyAke sAtha nAyakakA sambandha antameM arthAt nirvahaNa sandhimeM dikhalAnA caahie| // [6] 71 // aura usake [arthAt nirvaharaNa sandhike] pahile to nAyaka [anya kanyAke prati kramazaH] anurAgako vRddhi honepara bhI mukhya nAyikAse DaratA huA-sA hI upavana prAdimeM kanyAse milatA hai| praba [nATikAmeM] karane yogya anya bAta bhI dikhalAte haiM [sUtra 123]-devIko caturA rUpameM, aura [anya arthAta] kanyAko mugdhA rUpameM [dikhalAnA cAhie / donoMke [kulajatvAdi] dharma samAna [dikhalAne cAhie / 7 [72] // __ [aura nATikAko pAkhyAnavastuke bIca meM] koSa, prasAda, vidhna, rati aura chala prAdikA pracura-prayoga dikhalAnA caahie| devI dakSA prarthAt caturA rUpameM pradarzita karanI caahie| aura dUsarI kanyA to mugdhA prarthAt cAturyarahita [dikhalAnI caahie| kSatriyavaMzajatva, naya, vinaya, lajjA, mahattva, gAmbhIrya mAvi dharma donoM arthAt devI tathA kanyAmeM samAna rUpase dikhalAne caahie| kanyAke [ prati rAjAke ] anurAgakA jJAna honepara rAjAke prati devIkA krodha, aura rAjAke dvArA usa [devoM ko prasanna karanekA yatna [dikhalAnA cAhie / devIke dvArA rAjA kanyAke sAtha samAgamameM vighna upasthita karanA, rAjA aura kanyAkA paraspara anurAga, aura sabakA eka dUsareko dhokhA [ dekara kArya siddha karanekA prayatna nATikAmeM dikhalAnA cAhie / Adi zabdase zrRMgArake aMgabhUta anya dharmoko bhI bAra-bAra grathita karanA caahie|
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________________ kA0 73, sU0 124 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 217 atha nATikAlakSaNAtidezena 'prakaraNI' lakSayati[sUtra 124]-evaM prakaraNI kintu netA prakaraNoditaH // [8] 73 // ___ evaM nATikokta-caturaMkatvAdilakSaNAnusAreNa 'prakaraNI' grthniiyaa| kintu netA prakaraNokto vaNigAdiH / tena vaNigAAcita eva veSa-saMbhogAdiH sarvo'pyatra vyvhaarH| tyapi tjjaatynuruupv| phalamapi mahIlAbhasya vaNigAderanucitatvAt strIprAptipuraHsaraM dravyalAbhAdikaM draSTavyam / kaizikIbahulatvaM ca naattkdhrmH| prakaraNasyAlpakaizikItvAt / kalpyArthatvaM variNagAdinAyakatvaM ca prkrnndhrmH| tathA nATakaprakaraNotthitatve'pi nATikA-prakaraNikayoH nATakoktanAyakAnusAreNa' nAyikAvyapadezaH / nAyakAnusAritvAt srvvyvhaaraannaam| prakarSeNa kriyate kalpyate asyAmarthaH iti 'prkrnnii'| alpArthe kapi 'prakaraNikA' / ete ca dve api mukhyarUpakadvayasaMkaraniSpannatvAt saMkIrNabhedarUpe / evamanye'pi saMkarabhedA rUpakadvaya-trayAdi-sAMkaryeNa sambhavanti paramadRSTatvAdarajakatvAcca na te lakSyante iti / nATikAyAM ca rAjJAM, prakaraNikAyAntu vaNigAdInAM vilAsapradhAnaM dharmArthAvirodhi vRttaM nATaka-prakaraNayoriva vyutpAdyam // 873 // 4. caturtha rUpaka bheda "prakaraNI' kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra yahA~ taka nATikAke lakSaNakA nirUpaNa kara aba Age granthakAra 'prakaraNI', ke lakSaNakA nirUpaNa prArambha karate haiM / ___Aba 'nATikA' ke lakSaNake 'atideza' dvArA [anyake dharmakA pranyake sAtha sambandha dikhalAnA 'matideza' kahalAtA haiM] 'prakaraNI' kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 124]-isI prakAra [arthAt nATikAko racanAke samAna ho] 'prakaraNI' [ko racanA karanI cAhie] kintu usameM, 'prakaraNa' meM kathita [vaNik prAdi hI] nAyaka honA caahie| [8] 73 // isI prakAra arthAt nATikAmeM kahe caturaMkatvAdi lakSaNoMke anusAra 'prakaraNI' ko racanA karanI caahie| kintu [isa bAtakA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki prakaraNImeM] 'prakaraNa' meM kahe hue vaNik prAdimeMse hI [koI] nAyaka honA caahie| isalie variNak Adike yogya hI veSa aura sambhoga prAdi sArA vyavahAra yahA~ dikhalAnA caahie| strI nAyikA bhI usI jAtike anurUpa honI caahie| pRthivIlAbha rUpa phalake varipaka prAvikelie anucita honese strIprApti sahita dravyalAbhAdi phala bhI ['prakaraNa' ke samAna hI honA caahie| ['nATikA' ke samAna 'prakaraNI' meM bhI nATaka aura 'prakaraNa' donoMke dharmokA samAveza hotA hai jinameMse] kaizikIkA bAhulya nATakakA dharma hai| kyoMki 'prakaraNa' meM kaizikI kI nyUnatA hotI hai| ['prakaraNI' meM kaizikI-bAhulya rahatA hai vaha dharma nATakase liyA jAtA hai 'prakaraNa' se nahIM] kalpita arthakA honA aura variNagAdikA nAyakatva ye donoM 'prakaraNa' ke dharma [prakaraNI meM Ate haiN| nATaka aura 'prakaraNa' se utthita honepara bhI 'nATikA' aura 'prakaraNI' donoMmeM, nATaka [aura prakaraNa meM kahe hue nAyakoM ke anusAra hI nAyikAkA vyavahAra honA caahie| kyoMki sAre vyavahAra nAyaka ke anusAra hI ucita hote haiN| 1. nAyikAnusArema nAyaka vyapadezaH
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________________ 218 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 74-75, sU0 125 atha pUrNadazA-saMdhIni rUpakANi lakSayitvA nyUnadazA-sadhIni nirUpyante / tatrApi manuSyanAyakapratyAsattyA prathama 'vyAyoga' lakSayati[sUtra 125]-ekAhacaritakAMko garbhAmarzavijitaH / / astrInimittasaMgrAmo niyuddhaspardhanoddhataH // [9] 74 // svalpayoSijjanaH khyAtavasturdIptarasAzrayaH / adivyabhUpatisvAmI vyAyogo nAyikA vinA // [10]75 // ekadivasanivartanIyakArya eka eva aGko ytr| ekAhacaritatvAccaikAGkatva['prakaraNa' ke samAna hI 'prakaraNI' kA nirvacana mAge dikhalAte haiM jisameM [pAkhyAna-vasturUpa] artha bhalI prakArase kiyA arthAt kalpita kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'prakaraNI' kahalAtI hai [yaha 'prakaraNI' zabdakA avayavArtha huA] / alpArthameM kapa-pratyaya karake 'prakaraNikA' [pada bhI bana jAtA hai] / [nATikA aura prakaraNI] ye donoM hI [nATaka tathA prakaraNa rUpa] mukhya do rUpakoM ke saMkarase utpanna honeke kAraNa saMkIrNabheda rUpa haiN| isI prakAra do rUpakoM yA tIna rUpakoM ke saMkarase utpanna anya saMkara bheda bhI ho sakate haiN| kintu lakSya granthoMke rUpameM] na pAe jAnese aura manoraJjaka na honese hamane unake lakSaNa nahIM kie haiM / 'nATaka' aura 'prakaraNa' ke samAna hI nATikAmeM rAjAmoMke aura 'prakaraNikA' meM variNagAdike, dharma evaM arthake pravirodhI vilAsa-pradhAna vRttakA varNana karanA cAhie // [8] 73 // 5. paJcama rUpakabheda 'vyAyoga' kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra nATaka, prakaraNa, nATikA aura prakaraNI ina cAra rUpaka bhedoMkA nirUpaNa kara cukane ke bAda aba paJcama bheda 'vyAyoga'ke lakSaNakA avasara prAtA hai| yahAM taka jina cAra rUpakA bhedoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai una sabameM sampUrNa dazAoM aura sandhiyoM. kA varNana thaa| kintu yahA~se Age jina rUpakabhedoMkA varNana kiyA jAegA unameM dazA tathA sandhi donoM nyUna saMkhyAmeM rheNgii| isI bhedako dikhalAte hue granthakArAge 'vyAyoga'kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiN| pUrNa dazAoM aura pUrNa sandhiyoMse yukta [1 nATaka, 2 prakaraNa, 3 nATikA aura 4 prakaraNI ina cAra] rUpakoMke lakSaNa kara cukane ke bAda aba nyUna dazA aura sandhiyoMse yukta [rUpaka bhedoM kA nirUpaNa [prArambha karate haiN| unameM se bhI ['cyAyoga' meM nATakAdi pUrvokta cAra rUpakabhedoMke samAna manuSya nAyakakA sambandha honese pahale cyAyoga'kA nirUpaNa karate haiM----- [sUtra 125 ka] - eka dinake vRttAntako dikhalAne vAle aura eka hI aMka se yukA, garbha tathA vimarza sandhiyoMse rahita, strIse bhinna nimittase saMgrAma jisameM dikhalAyA gayA ho, mallayuddha aura spardhAse dIpta / - [6] 74 / sUtra 125 kha]-bahuta kama strI pAtroM vAlA, prasiddha kathA-vastu tathA dIpta rasoMse sampanna, adivya [devatA tathA rAjA Adise bhinna senApati amAtyAdi rUpa nAyakase yukta rUpaka 'jyAyoga' [kahalAtA hai| kintu usameM nAyikA nahIM hotI hai| [10] 7 / eka dina meM hI kAryakI samAptiko pradarzita karane vAlA, eka hI aMka jisa meM ho [vaha ekameva 'vyAyoga' kahalAtA hai| yaha vyAyogakA mukhya lakSaNa hai] / eka hI dinake
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________________ kA074-75, sU0 125 ] dvitIyo vivekaH . [ 216 masya / dIptarasa-nAyakayuktatvAt garbhavimarzavivarjanam / dIptaraso hi kAlakSepAsahiSNutayA vinipAtAnAM zaMkayA ca prArambha-prayatnAnantaraM phalAgama evaM ytte| .. evamIhAmRganAyakA' api / Dima-samavakAranAyakAstu bahutaraphalArthitvena prAptyAzAyuktA dIptarasatvena ca vinipAtAzaGkino nirvimarzakAH / bhANa-prahasanayo yakasyAdhamatvAd, utsRSTikAGke zokArthatvAd, vIthyAM cAsahAyatvAn, sarveSAmalpavRttatvAcca prArambhAnantaraM phalAgamanibandhaH / nATakAdinAyakasya tu prekSApUrvakAritvenArtisahatvAt hita-bahuphalakartavyArambhitvena vinipAtapratyayApAkaraNAcca savovasthAsambhavena paJcApi sandhayo bhavantyeva / vRttAntakA varNana honese isameM kevala eka hI aMka hotA hai| dIptarasa [raudra vIra prAdi rasapradhAna] nAyakase yukta honeke kAraNa hI garbha tathA avamarza sandhiyoMkA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| doptarasa vAlA [nAyaka] kAlakSepako [arthAt kAryasiddhi meM vilambako sahana nahIM kara sakatA hai [jaldabAja hotA hai, aura kAma bigar3a jAneke Darase [kAlakSepa kie binA prArambha aura prayatna rUpa do avasthAnoM ke anantara hI phalako prApta karanekA yatna karatA hai / [isalie isameM garbha tathA vimarza sandhiyoMkA avasara nahIM pAtA hai / sandhi tathA avasthAoMkI nyUnatAkA upapAdana isI prakAra 'IhAmRga' nAmaka rUpakabheda] ke nAyaka bhI [kAlakSepako sahana nahIM kara sakate haiM isalie usameM bhI garbha aura vimarza sandhiyAM nahIM hotI haiM] / 'Dima' aura 'samavakAra' ke nAyaka to pracura phalako kAmanA vAle honese 'prAptyAzA' [avasthAvAlI 'garbha sandhi] se yukta to hote haiM kintu dIptarasa [jaldabAja] honese vinipAta [kArya vinAza] ko zaMkAse yukta honeke kAraNa vimarza' rahita hote haiM / [isalie 'Dima', 'samavakAra' prAdi pakabhedoM meM 'garbhasandhi' hotA hai kintu vimarzasandhi' nahIM hotA hai / 'bhAraNa' aura 'prahasana' nAmaka rUpakabhedoM ke nAyakoMke adhama honese, aura 'utsRSTikAMka' meM zokakA prAdhAnya honese, tathA 'vIthI' prAdi [bhaekabhedoMmeM nAyakake] sahAyaka-vihIna honese, aura ina sabhIke svalpavRttavAlA honese prArambha [mavasthA] ke bAda ho [bIca kI yatna, prAptyAzA Adi tIna avasthAnoM ko chor3akara] phalaprApti [rUpa paJcamAvasthA kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| nATakAdike nAyaka to vicArapUrvaka kArya karane vAle, kaSTasahiSNu, hitakara aura bahuphala vAle kAryake prArambha honese, aura vinipAtake kAraNoM [arthAt bAdhAoM] ke nirAkaraNameM samartha honese [nATakAdimeM] sArI avasthAnoMkA sambhava honese pAMcoM sandhi hote hI haiN| isa prakAra isa anucchedameM granthakArane vibhinna rUpaka bhedoMke nAyakoMkI manovRtti kA vizleSaNa karate hue dIpta svabhAva vAle nAyaka jaldabAja hote haiM aura kArya meM koI vighna na pA jAya isa dRSTi se turanta hI phala prAptikA yatna karate haiM isalie usa prakArake nAyakoM se yukta 'vyAyoga' Adi rUpaka bhedoMmeM eka, do yA tIna- avasthAoMko chor3akara zeSa do tIna yA cAra avasthAoM aura usIke anusAra do, tIna yA cAra sandhiyoMkA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| nATakAdi prArambhika cAra rUpaka bhedoM meM hI pAMcoM avasthAoM tathA pAMcoM sandhiyoM kA upayoga hotA hai| antake zeSa rUpaka bhedoM meM sAre sandhiyoM aura sArI avasthAnoMkA 1. naayikaa|
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________________ 220 ] [ kA0 76, sU0 126 atra ca garbhAvamarza sandhipratiSedhe etatsandhiparicchedike prAptyAzA- niyatAptI avasthe api pratiSiddhe eva / evamapareSvapi rUpakeSu tattatsandhiniSedhe tattatsandhiparicchedikAvasthApi niSiddhaiva draSTavyeti / astrIti astryarthasaMgrAmasaMyuktazca / yathA jAmadagnyajaye parazurAmeNa sahasrArjunavadhaH kRtaH / niyuddhaM bAhuyuddham / spardhanaM zaurya - vidyA-kula-dhana-rUpAdikRtaH saMharSaH / tAbhyAmuddhRto dIptaH / prayoga nahIM hotA hai / inameM se 'vyAyoga' meM 'garbha' aura 'vimarza' ko chor3akara kevala tIna sandhiyoM aura tIna avasthAoM kA hI prayoga hotA hai / 'Dima', 'samavakAra' Adi meM vimarza sandhiko chor3akara zeSa cAra sandhiyoM aura cAra avasthAoM kA upayoga hotA hai / 'bhAga' tathA 'prahasana' 'utsRSTikAMka' tathA 'vothI' ina cAroMmeM kevala prAdi aura antakI do avasthAnoM aura do sandhiyoM kA hI upayoga hotA hai / bIca kI tIna avasthAoM tathA tIna sandhiyoM kA upayoga nahIM hotA hai / ina bAraha prakArake rUpaka bhedoMkI sandhi tathA avasthA dRSTise sthiti nimna prakAra banatI hai zrAdike prayogakI rUpaka bheda 1. nATaka 2. prakaraNa 3. nATikA 4. prakaraNI 5. vyAyoga 6. IhAmRga 7. samavakAra nATyadarpaNam 8. Dima 6. bhoraNa 10. prahasana 11. utsRSTikAMka 12. vIthI kevala cAra aMkoM meM kevala cAra aMkoM meM garbha, vimarza rahita garbha, vimarza rahita vimarza varjita vimarza varjita pratimukha, garbha, vimarza rahita bhAraNavat bhoraNavat bhANavat bhAgavat bhAraNavat bhAgavat yahA~ [arthAt vyAyogameM] garbha tathA vimarza sandhikA niSedha honese ina sandhiyoM ko vyApta karane vAlI 'prAptayAzA' prara 'niyatApti' rUpa pravasthAnoMkA bhI niSedha samajhanA cAhie / isI prakAra anya rUpakoMmeM bhI usa usa sandhikA niSedha honepara usa usa sandhi ko vyApta karane vAlI avasthAko bhI niSiddha hI samajhanA cAhie / 'strI' ityAdise strIko chor3akara anya nimittase saMgrAmayukta ho [yaha sUcita kiyA hai] jaise 'jAmadagnyajaya' [nAmaka vyAyogameM] parazurAmane sahastrArjunakA vadha kiyA hai| 'niyuddha' kA bAhuyuddha hai / zaurya, vidyA, kula, dhana aura rUpAdike kAraNa honevAlA saMharSa 'spardhA' [kaha[lAtA ] hai / una donoM [arthAt niyuddha tathA spardhA ] se uddhata arthAt dIpta [ vyAyoga hotA hai ] / 1. muratvapi / prayukta avasthA sandhi pA~coM avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ pA~coM avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ pA~coM avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ pA~coM avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ tIna avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ tIna avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ cAra avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ cAra avasthA tathA sandhiyA~ zrAdi zranta kI do sandhi-avasthA varjita avasthA sandhi
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________________ kA0 76, sU0 126 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 221 svalpastrIpAtratvaM ca kaizikIrahitatvAt / etena puruSapAtrabAhulyaM labhyate / 'khyAtaM prasiddha vastu nAyakopAyalakSaNaM yasya / dIptAnAM vIra-raudrAdInAM rsaanaamaashryH| ata-evAtra gadyaM padyaM caujoguNayuktam / tathA divyabhUpativarjitaM senApatyamAtyAdidIptarasanAyakasampannaH / kecidasya dvAdazanetRkatvamAmnAsiSuH / vizeSeNa A samantAd yujyante kAryArtha saMrabhante'treti 'vyAyogaH' / 'nAyikAM vinA' ityanena nAyikAyAstaducitasya ca dUtyAdeH parijanasya niSedhaH / tena nAyakaparicchadabhUtAzceTyAdayo bhavantyeva / atra ca mantri-senApatyAdInAM yuddhAdibahulaM vRttaM vyutpAdyamiti // [6-10] 74-75 // atha kramaprApta samavakAraM lakSayati[sUtra 126] -vijJeyaH samavakAraH khyAtAoM nivimrshkH|| udAttadeva-daityezo vIthyaGgI vIra-raudravAn // [11]76 // saMgatairavakIrNaizcAthaiH trivargopAyaiH pUrvaprasiddhaireva kriyate nibadhyate iti 'samavakAraH / ' khyAtArtha iti bRhatkathAdiprasiddhanAyaka-upAya-trivargaphalo vimarzasandhivivarjitazca / [vyAyogameM] strI pAtroMko malpatA kaiziko rahita honeke kAraNa hotI hai| isase puruSa pAtroMkA prAdhikya sUcita hotA hai| jisameM nAyaka tathA upAya rUpa 'vastu' khyAta arthAt prasiddha ho| vIra raudra prAdi vopta rasoMkA prAzraya ho| isIlie isameM gadya aura padya donoM moja guNase yukta hone caahie| aura [ghyAyoga] divya [arthAt devatA rUpa nAyaka aura rAjAoM [rUpa nAyakoM] se bhinna, dIpta rasoMke anurUpa senApati amAtyAdi nAyakoMse yukta honA caahie| koI loga isameM bAraha prakArake nAyaka batalAte haiN| [mAge 'vyAyoga' zava kA nirvacana kara usakA avayavArtha dikhalAte haiM jisameM vizeSa rUpase 'pA samantAt' arthAt saba prorase yukta hote haiM arthAt kAryakelie prayatna karate haiN| vaha 'vyAyoga' [kahalAtA] hai [yaha 'vyAyoga' padakA avayavArtha yA nirvacana hai] / 'nAyikAM vinA' isa padase nAyikA aura usake yogya dUtI prAdi parijanoMkA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| isalie nAyakake sevakAdi ke rUpameM ceTo prAdi hotI hI haiM [unakA niSedha nahIM samajhanA caahie| isa sabakA phalitArtha yaha huA ki isameM [arthAt vyAyogameM] senApati amAtya prAdikA yuddha-pradhAna caritra pradarzita karanA cAhie // [9-10] 74-75 / / 6. paSTha rUpakabheda 'samavakAra' kA nirUpaNa ['vyAyoga' nAmaka paJcama rUpakabhedake nirUpaNake bAva] aba 'samavakAra' [nAmaka SaSTha rUpakabheda] kA avasara prApta honese usakA nirUpaNa karate haiM [sUtra 126]---prasiddha pAkhyAna vastuke AdhArapara prathita, vimarza-sandhise rahita udAtta prakRtike deva-daitya prAvi nAyakoM vAlA, vIra yA raudrarasa pradhAna, vIthoke aMgoMse yukta [rUpakabhedako] 'samavakAra' samajhanA cAhie / [arthAt 'samavakAra' ke lakSaNameM ina saba bAtoMkA samAveza hotA hai] // [11] 76 // [kArikAko ghyAlyA prArambha karate hue pranthakAra sabase pahale 'samavakAra' padakA nirvacana kara usakA avayavArtha dikhalAte haiM / kahIM mile hue aura kahIM bikhare hue trivarga
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________________ 222 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 76, sU0 126 'udAtta' iti udAttatvaM mahattva - gAmbhIryAdi / daiva-daityAnAM hi dhIroddhatatvaM mayapekSayaiva, svajAtyapekSayA tu dhIrodAttatvamapi / atra ca tattadeva-daityabhaktAnAM iSTadevatAdi-karmaprabhAvAdikIrtanAt mahatI prItiryAtrAjAgarAdi-prekSAkaraNa- tadanuSThitopAyAdiSu pravRttizca bhavatIti deva-daityau netArau / evamanyeSvapi manuSyanetRkeSu vAcyam / vIthyaGgAni vyAhArAdIni vakSyamANAni / tadvAna / vIra - raudravAn ityatizAyane matuH / tenAtra' trizRGgAratve'pi vIra-raudrau pradhAnam / deva-daityAnAmuddhatatvena zRGgArasya cchAyAmAtratvena nibandhanAditi || [ 11 ] 76 // ke pUrva prasiddha upAyoMke dvArA jisako kiyA arthAt banAyA jAtA hai vaha 'samavakAra' kahalAtA hai / [zrarthAt samavakAra zabda sama zrava upasarga pUrvaka kR dhAtu se niSpanna hotA hai ] / 'khyAtArtha ' se [ yaha abhiprAya hai ki] bRhatkathA AdimeM prasiddha nAyaka, upAya tathA trivarga-rUpa phalase yukta, tathA vimarza-sandhise rahita honA cAhie / ['udAttadeva-daityezo' meM] 'udAtta' isase mahattva gAmbhIryAdiko udAttatva samajhanA caahie| devoM aura daityoMkA dhIroddhatatva manuSyoM kI apekSAse hotA hai| apanI-apanI jAti kI apekSAse to [devoM tathA daityoM donoMmeM] dhIrodAttatva bhI hotA hai| yahAM [saMsAra meM yA samavakArameM] una-una devoM tathA daityoMke bhaktoMmeM apane-apane iSTadeva prAvi, unake karma tathA prabhAva prAdike kIrtanase pratyanta prAnanda [ prIti ] yAtrA, jAgaraNa, [prekSAkaraNa arthAt ] darzana yA jhAMkI banAnA zrAdi aura unake dvArA kie gae upAyoMke anuSThAna zrAdimeM pravRtti hotI hai isalie deva aura daityoMko yahA~ [arthAt samavakAra meM] nAyaka mAnA gayA hai / isa prakAra manuSyoM se bhinna nAyakoM vAle anya rUpakabhedoMmeMke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA caahie| ['vIthyaGgavAnU' isa padameM nirdiSTa] 'vothI' ke 'vyAhArAdi' aMga jo zrAge kahe jAne vAle haiM unase yukta [ honA cAhie ] / 'vIra-raudravAn' isameM pratizAyana arthameM matu pratyaya hai / isalie [samayakArameM agalI 77 vIM kArikAmeM kahe hue (1) dharmaphalaka, (2) arthaphalaka, tathA ( 3 ) kAmaphalaka ] tInoM prakArake zRGgAra ke honepara bho, vIra aura raudra pradhAna [ rasa] hote haiM / rate da aura daityoMke uddhata honeke kAraNa unake zRGgArakA [ samavakAra meM] chAyAmAtra rUpase hI varNana hotA hai / [ isalie zRGgArarasa usameM pradhAna nahIM hotA hai| vIra yA raudrarasa hI samavakAra meM pradhAna rasa hote haiM ] // [11] 76 // isa prakAra 'samavakAra' kA sAmAnya lakSaraNa isa kArikA meM diyA hai / 77 se 80 taka agalI cAra kArikAnoM meM usake sambandha meM anya aneka bAtoM kA varNana kreNge| inameM 'samavakAra' ke dvAdaza nAyaka aura tIna aMka batalAe gae haiN| dvAdaza nAyakoMkI saMkhyAkA upapAdana do prakAra kiyA gayA hai / eka mata to yaha hai ki samayakArake jo tIna aMka hote haiM inameM se pratyeka meM cAra-cAra nAyaka hote haiN| isa prakAra tInoM aMkoM meM milAkara bAraha nAyaka ho jAte haiM / pratyeka aMka meM jo cAra-cAra nAyaka kahe gae haiM unameM nAyaka - pratinAyaka aura una donoMke sahAyaka ye cAroM nAyaka mAne jAte haiN| tabhI cAra nAyaka banate haiM / dUsare mata meM 'samavakAra' ke pratyeka aMkameM bAraha-bAraha nAyaka hote haiM / yaha bAraha saMkhyA bhI isI prakAra nAyaka pratinAyaka aura unake anurUpa sahAyakoM koM milAkara pUrI hogI / 1. zraGgAratve'pi /
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________________ kA0 77-78, sU0 127 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 223 atha kRtyAntaramupadizati[sUtra 127] -atra dvAdaza netAraH phalaM teSAM pRthak pRthak / aMkAstrayaH trizRMgArAH trikapaTA trividrvaaH|| [12]77 // SaD-yugmaikamuhUrtAH syuH niSThitArthAH svkaarytH| mahAvAkye ca sambaddhAH kramAd dvi-ekaiksndhyH||[13]78|| 'atra' samavakAre nAyakA dvAdaza / tatra' pratyakaM dvAdaza / yadi vA' pratyakaM nAyaka 'samakakAra ko agalI kArikAmeM 'trizRMgAra' tIna prakArake zRMgAroMse yukta kahA gayA hai| vaise to isake prasaMgameM zRMgArake sambhogazRMgAra aura vipralambhazRMgAra kevala ye donoM hI bheda kie gae haiN| kintu yahA~ tIna prakArake zRMgAraramoMkI carcA kI gaI haiN| yahA~ zRMgAra ke ye tIna bheda phala kI dRSTi se kie gae haiN| (1) dharmapradhAna zRMgAra (2) arthapradhAna zrRMgAra aura (3) kAmapradhAna zRMgAra / isa prakAra zRMgArake tIna bheda karake 'samavakAra'ko 'trizRMgAraH' kahA gayA hai| zRMgArake ye tInoM bheda 'samavakAra' ke tInoM aMkoMmeMse pratyeka aMkameM hone caahie| eka-eka aMka meM eka-eka bhedakA nibandha nahIM karanA cAhie yaha bAta bhI Age kheNge| __ 'samavakAra ke tInoM aMkoMkI racanAke viSayameM bhI yaha bAta vizeSa rUpase nirdiSTa kI gaI hai ki unakI racanA isa prakArase honI cAhie ki unameM se pratyeka aka apanemeM paripUrNa ho| usako apane artha kI pUrNatAke lie dUsare aMkake sahArekI AvazyakatA na ho / isake sAtha hI anta meM tInoM aMkoMkI ekavAkyatA yA paraspara sambandha bhI pratIta ho ske| isake lie yaha mArga batalAyA gayA hai ki prathama aMkake prArambhameM bhAmukhake bAda tInoM aMkoMke arthake upakSepaka bIjakA nibandhana karanA caahie| usake bAda tInoM aMkoMko isa prakArase banAveM ki unakA AkhyAnavastu usI akameM samApta ho jAya / kintu antameM tRtIya aMkameM phira isa prakArakI racanA karanI cAhie ki jisase usakA AkhyAnabhAga apane meM paripUrNa ho kintu sAya ho tInoM aMkoM ke arthakA paraspara sambandha bana ske| inhIM saba bAtoMko 77-78 pragalI do kArikA proM meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai aba Age [samavakArameM] kie jAne vAle anya kAryoMkA upadeza karate haiM [sUtra 127 ka]-isa [samavakAra) meM bAraha nAyaka hote haiN| unakA phala alagaalaga hotA hai| tIna prakArake zRMgAra, tIna prakArake kapaTa aura tIna prakArake vidravase yukta tIna praGka hote haiM / [12] 77 / / [sUtra 127 kha]--[samavakArake tInoM aMka kramazaH] chaH muhUrta, do muhUrta aura eka muhUrta vAle [arthAt itane samaya meM jinakA abhinaya ho sake isa prakArake] / svayaMmeM paripUrNa arthavAle, aura mahAvAkya [arthAta svayaMmeM paripUrNa honepara. bhI ekavAkyatAyukta arthAt paraspara] meM sambaddha, tathA kramazaH do. eka aura eka sandhi vAle hone cAhie [arthAt prathama aMkameM mukha pratimukha rUpa do sandhiyAM, dvitIya aMkameM kevala eka garmasandhi tathA tRtIya aMkameM kevala eka nirvahaNa sandhikI racanA honI cAhie / [13] 78 / ___ isa 'samayakAra meM bAraha nAyaka hote haiN| unameM se pratyeka aMkameM bAraha [nAyaka] hote 1. prtyekN| 2. pratyeka
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________________ 224 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 77-78 sU0 127 pratinAyakau tatsahAyau ceti catvArazcatvAraH / tataH sarvasaMkhyayA dvAdaza dvAdaza iti madhyamA vRttiH / tena kvacinnyUnAdhikye'pi na doSaH / 'tepAm' iti dvAdazAnAM nAyakAnAM pRthagbhUtAni phalAni badhyante / yathA ' payodhimanthane' harivaliprabhRtInAM lakSmyAdilAbhAH / zrata eva sahAyakA ANi sugrIvAdivannAyakatvena vyapadizyante / 'trya' iti trayo'GkA bhavanti zRGgAratryAdiviziSTAH na tvekaika ekasminnake zRGgArAdInAmekaikabhAvAditi / muhUrto cadikAdvayam / tatra prathamaH paramuhUrtaH / dvitIyo dvimuhUrtaH / tRtIya ekamuhUrtaH / eke tu pratyakaM yathoditadviguNaM kAlamAnamAhuH / I 'niSThitArthAH' kArtha sAdhyaphalasya kAntarArthAsambaddhatvena khasminneva parisamAprArthAH / mahAvAkye ca paripUrNa prabandhArtha sAdhye phale sambaddhAH / sakalaprabandhasAdhyaphalopAyabhUtArthAstrayo'GkA ityarthaH / iha tAvadAmukhAnantaraM saMkSepeNAMkatrayArthopakSepakaM bIjaM nibandhanIyam / tadanantaramaMkadvayaM zravAntaravAkyArthena parasparavicchinamAyojyam / tRtIyastvaM karatathA haiM [ yaha eka mata hai ] / athavA pratyeka aMtameM 1 nAyaka, 2 pratinAyaka, aura una donoM ke sahAyaka isa prakAra cAra-cAra, aura phira [ tInoM zraMkoMke cAra-cAra nAyakoMko ] saba milAkara bAraha [nAyaka ] hote haiM yaha madhyama mArga hai / isalie kisI aMkameM kama aura adhika [ nAyakoMkI saMkhyA ] honepara bhI doSa nahIM hotA hai / 'teSAm' arthAt una bArahoM nAyakoMke phala alagalaga variNata hote haiN| jaise 'payodhimanthana' meM viSNu aura bali Adi [ nAyakoM] ke lakSmI prAdikI prApti prAdi rUpa [ alaga-alaga ] phala [ dikhalAe gae ] haiM / isalie [saba nAyakoMke alaga-alaga phaloMkA nibandhana honese] sugrIva zrAdike samAna sahAyaka bhI nAyaka rUpase kahe jAte haiM / 'traya' tIna, isase tInoM prakArake zRMgAroMse viziSTa tIna aMka hote haiM yaha prabhiprAya hai / na ki eka-eka aMka meM eka-eka zRMgArAdi hotA hai [ isakA artha yaha huA ki 'samavakAra' ke pratyeka aMkameM tInoM prakAra ke zRMgAra, tInoM prakArake kapaTa, aura tInoM prakArake vidrava, dikhalAe jAne caahie| eka-eka aMka meM eka-eka prakAra ke zrRMgAra, kapaTa aura vidravakA pradarzana nahIM karanA cAhie ] | muhUrtase do ghar3I [kAlakA grahaNa hotA ] hai / una [' samavakAra' ke tIna aMkoM se prathama [ka] chaH muhUrtakA, dvitIya [aMka ] do muhUrtakA aura tRtIya [ aMka ] eka muhUrtakA honA cAhie [ yaha kArikAmeM Ae hue SaDyugma ekamuhUrtA: syu:' isakA artha hai ] / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki itane kAlameM tInoM aMkoMkA prabhinayAdi rUpa artha samApta ho jAnA caahie| koI [ vyAkhyAkAra ] to pratyeka aMka meM isa kAlase duganA kAlakA parimANa mAnate haiN| [kArikAmeM prAe hue ] 'niSThitArthA:' isase usa aMkakI kathA meM sAdhya phalakA dUsare aMka se sambandha na honese apanemeM hI artha kI samApti ho jAya yaha abhiprAya hai / [zrarthAt 'samavakAra ke tInoM aMkoMmeMse pratyeka aMkake kathAbhAgakI samApti usameM ho jAnI cAhie] phira bhI mahAvAkya meM [arthAt sampUrNa samavakAra meM] pUrNa prabandhake kathAse sAdhya phalameM paraspara sambaddha hone cAhie / prarthAt sampUrNa prabandhase sAdhya phalake upAyabhUta artha vAle tInoM praGka hone cAhie yaha abhiprAya hai / [ isa prayojanakI siddhike lie samavakArake praGkoMkI rajA isa prakArase karanI cAhie ki ] sabase pahale prAmukhake anantara saMkSepameM tInoM zroMke arthakA upakSeNa karane
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________________ kA0 76-80, sU0 128 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 225 nibandhanIyo yathA avAntaravAkyArthavicchinnaH sarvAGkArthasambaddhArthazca bhavati / evaM hi pUrvAparAnusandhAnAvadheyadhiyo vyavahitArthAnusandhAnAvahitabuddhayazca trivargasiddha yupAyavyutpattyA'nugRhItA bhvnti| aGkAntarArthAnusandhAyI ca parasparAsambaddhAsatvAdatra na bindurnibadhyate / 'kramAd' iti prathama-dvitIya-tRtIyakrameNa aGkA dvi-eka-ekasandhayaH / tatra prathame'Gke mukhapratimukhe, dvitIye garbhaH, tRtIye nirvahaNamiti / [12-13 ] 77-78 // atha zRGgArAdIni vyAkhyAtumAha-- [sUtra 128]-zRGgArastrividho dharmakAmArthaphalahetukaH / vaJcya-vaJcaka-daivebhyaH, sambhavI kpttstridhaa|[14] 76 // jIvAjIvobhayotthaH syAd vidravakhiramISu tu| pratyekamakeSvekakaH padyaM ca sragdharAdikam // [15] 80 // vAle bIjakI racanA karanI caahie| usake bAda [prathama tathA dvitIya] donoM aGgoMko [svayaMmeM samApta ho jAne vAle avAntara vAkyAke rUpameM eka-dUsarese vicchinna rUpameM grathita karanA caahie| [usake bAda] tRtIya aGkako racanA isa prakAra karanI cAhie ki [prathama aura dvitIya praGka rUpa] avAntara vAkyoMke arthameM vicchinna honepara bhI saba aGkoMke arthase sambaddha artha vAlA ho jAya / isa prakAra pUrvApara artharUpako grahaNa karane meM aura vyavahita parvake anusandhAna karane meM samartha buddhivAle [sAmAjika, dharma prathaM kAma rUpa] trivargakI siddhike upAyoMke parijJAnake dvArA anugRhIta hote haiN| __ yahA~ [samavakArameM ake] paraspara asambaddha honeke kAraNa, dUsare praDake zyoko jor3anevAle 'bindu' kI racanA isameM nahIM kI jAtI hai| 'kamAt' [dvi-eka-ekasaSayaH isa kArikA bhAgameM] kramate, isase prathama dvitIya tRtIyake kamase paka, kramazaH do eka aura eka sandhi vAle hote haiM / unameM se prathama maGkameM mukha aura pratimula[do sandhi], dvitIyameM garbhasandhi, mora tRtIya [a] meM nirvaharaNa sandhi hotA hai| [isa prakAra tInoM par3oM meM kramazaH se eka tayA phira eka sandhi hotA hai| vimarza sandhi samavakArameM nahIM hotA hai yaha bAta 76vIM kArikAmeM hI nivimarza' padase kahI jA cukI hai| [12-13] 77-78 // ___ina donoM kArikAmoMmeMse 77vIM kArikAmeM samayakArake tInoM makoMko trizRGgAra, trikapaTa aura trividravase yukta kahA gayA thaa| kintu ina padoMkA partha vahAM spaSTa nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| isalie agalI do kArikAkoMmeM ina tInoM zandoMke arthako spaSTa karanekA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / isameM 'trizRGgAra' padase dharma, mathaM aura kAma hetuka tathA tatphalaka tIna prakArake zRGgAroMkA, trikapaTa padase vaJcayottha, vaJcakottha tathA devottha tIna prakArake kapaToMkA, tathA jIva ajIva aura ubhayase utthita tIna prakArake vidravoMkA grahaNa hotA hai isI bAtako granthakAra agalI donoM kArikAmoM meM dikhalAte haiM [sUtra 126 ka]-dharma kAma aura mayaM jisake (1) phala tathA (2) hetu hai vaha [vibhaGgAra] tIna prakArakA bhaGgAra hotA hai| [isI prakAra sApa, ma tavAvase sattala hone vAlA kapaTa [bho] tIna prakArakA hotA hai| [14] 76 /
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________________ 226 . ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 76-80, sR0 128 dharma-kAma-arthAH phalaM hetavazca yasya / natra patnIsaMyogarUpasya zRGgArasya paradAravarjanAdiko dharmaH phalam / dAnAdikamtu dharmaH syAdilAbhasya hetuH / kAma-zRGgArazabdAbhyAM strI-pusayo ratiH, taddha tuzca strI-pusAdiguhyate / tatra strI-pusAdirUpazRGgArasya ratirUpaH kAmaH phalam / ratirUpamya zRGgArasya strI-pusAdirUpaH kAmo henuH / atra ca kAmazRGgAre strI parastrI kanyA ca grAhyA / na punaH vadArA vezyA vA / yathA zakrasyAhalyA / svadArA''dau hi dharmasyApyanupravezena kevalasyaiva kAmasya phala-haMtubhAvo na gyAt / artho rAjya-suvaNe-dhana-dhAnya-vastrAdiH / tatra paNyAdiyoSitAM, kapAMcita subhagAnAM pusA cArthaphalaH shRnggaarH| vezyAdiSu ca pusAmartha hetukaH zRGgAraH / devAdInAmapi gandharva-yakSAdirUpANAM rAjyAdyarthasamohA bhavatyeva / tadArAdhakAnAM cArthaprAptiH / atra ca pakSe kAraNe kAryopacArAd devAnAmarthazRGgAro draSTavyaH / athavA artho arthanIyaM paropakAra-prAtajJAnirvAhAdikam / tacca devAdInAmapi bhavatyaveti / [sUtra 126 kha]----jIva ajIva aura jIvAjIva ubhayase utpanna hone vAlA vidrava [bhI] tIna prakArakA hotA hai| inamese pratyeka ameM eka-eka arthAt eka zRGgAra, eka kapaTa aura eka vidrava kI racanA karanI cAhie / aura [samavakArameM sragdharAdika vRtta honA caahie| [15] 80 / dharma, kAma aura artha jisake phala [arthAt sAdhya] tathA hetu [arthAt sAdhaka haiM [vaha dharma-kAmArthaphalahetukaH hunaa| unameMse patnI-saMyoga rUpa zRMgArakA paradAravarjana rUpa dharmaphala hotA hai| aura dAnAdi rUpa dharma usa strI [svapatnI ke lAbhakA hetu hotA hai| [isa prakAra svapatnI-saMyoga rUpa zrRMgArakA phala bhI dharma hotA hai, aura usakA hetu bhI dharma hotA hai] / kAma aura zRMgAra zabdoMse stra:-puruSako rati [rUpa phala aura usake hetu strI aura puruSa donoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| unameMse strI-puruSa rUpa zRMgArakA rati rUpa kAma phala hai| aura rati rUpa zRMgArakA strI-puruSAdi rUpa kAma hetu hai| aura isa kAma-zRMgArameM 'strI' padase para strI athavA kanyAkA hI grahaNa karanA caahie| apanI patnI athavA vezyAkA grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| jaise indraM kI ahlyaa| apanI strI prAdimeM to dharmakA bhI sambandha honese kevala kAmakA phalabhAva yA hetubhAva nahIM bana sakatA hai| [isalie kAma-zRMgArameM 'strI'se parastrI yA kanyAkA hI grahaNa karanA cAhie yaha abhiprAya hai / [artha-zrRMgAra zabda meM] 'ardha' se rAjya, suvarNa, dhana, dhAnya vastrAdi [kA grahaNa hotA hai] / yahA~ vezyAoM aura kinhIM sundara puruSoMkA arthaphalaka zRMgAra hotA hai| aura vezyAdike viSayameM puruSoMkA arthahetuka zrRMgAra hotA hai| arthAt vezyAdiko zrRMgArake dvArA artha-rUpa phalako prApti hotI hai isalie unakA zrRMgAra arthaphalaka hotA hai| aura puruSoMko artha dvArA zRMgArakI prApti hotI hai ataH unakA vezyA viSayaka zrRMgAra arthahetuka zRMgAra hotA hai] gandharva yakSAdi rUpa devatAoMko bhI rAjya prAdi arthako icchA hotI hai| aura unake pArASakoMko arthako prApti hotI hai| isa pakSameM kAraNameM kAryakA upacAra mAnakara devatAmoMkA artha-bhaMgAra samajhanA cAhie / athavA paropakAra pratijJA nirvAha prAvi arthanIya 'artha' kahalAtA hai| aura vaha vevAvikoMmeM bhI hotA hai| [isalie unakA zrRMgAra artha-zRMgAra kahalAtA hai / ___saraya-sA pratIta hone vAlA mithyA prakalpita prapaJca kapaTa [kahalAtA hai| vaha
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________________ kA0 76-80, sU0 128 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 227 mithyAprakalpitaH satyAnukArI prapaJcaH kapaTaH / sa ca yatra vaJcanIyaH sAparAdhaH sa vaccyottho vazcakasya vaJcanecchAyAM satyAM kpttH| vazcakabuddhayabhAve sAparAdhe'pi vaJcaye vaJcanAyAH sampatyayogAt / tena vaJcya tthaH kapaToM vazcakAvinAbhAvyeva / ata eva ubhayajazcaturtho na bhavati / yatra tu vaJcyAparAdhaM vinA vaJcakabuddha yaiva kevalayA kapaTo bhavati sa vaJcakasambhavI / yatra tu dvayostulyaphalAbhidhAnavatoH kAkatAlIyanyAyena eka upacIyate 'paro'pacIyate savaJcyAparAdhAbhAvena vazcakasya ca vaJcanAbuddha yayogena ca daivasambhavIti / vidravanti trasyanti janA yasmAditi vidrvo'nrthH| 'triH' iti prakAratrayayuktaH / tatra jIvottho hastyAdijaH / ajIvotthaH zastrAdijaH / jIvAjIvottho nagaroparodhajaH / tatra hastyAdeH zastrAdezca vyApArAditi / amISu tu zRGgAra-kapaTa-vidravANAM triSu bhedeSu madhye ekaiko bhedo'GkeSu pRthaka pRthaga nibandhanIyaH / tatra prathame'Gke'nyatamaH kapaTa upAye, vidravo vyApattisambhAvanAyAM, zRGgAraH phalAMze / evaM dvitIye tRtIye ca / prathame cAGka zRGgAraH kAmazRGgAra eva / raJjanAyAM sAdhakatamasya prathamamupAdAnAt / ata eva prahAso'pyatra nibdhyte| 'padya (1) jahA~ vaJcanIya [puruSa] aparAdhI hotA hai aura vaJcakako dhokhA dene kI icchA hotI hai vahA~ vaJcyottha kapaTa kahalAtA hai| (2) vaJcya [puruSa] ke aparAdhI honepara bhI vaJcaka ko usa prakArakA jJAna na honepara vaJcanA bana hI nahIM sakatI hai isalie vaJcyottha kapaTa vaJcaka [meM vaJcana karanekI buddhi kA avinAbhAvI hai| isa kAraNa [vaJcya-vaJcaka donoM se utpanna caturtha bheda nahIM hotA haiM / yahA~ taka vaJcyottha kapaTakA varNana kiyaa| aba Age vaJcakottha kapaTakA varNana karate haiM--- __ jahA~ vaJcya [jisako dhokhA diyA jA rahA hai usa] ke aparAdhake binA hI kevala vaMcakako [vaJcanA] buddhise hI kapaTa hotA hai vaha vaJcakottha kapaTa kahalAtA hai| [prAgeM devottha kapaTakA lakSaNa karate haiM ] jahA~ tulya phala aura tulya kAraNa [mabhidhAna] honepara bhI kAkatAlIya-nyAyase akasmAt ekakI vRddhi ho jAtI hai aura ekakA hrAsa hotA hai vahA~ vaJjya hriAsa vAle] kA aparAdha na hone aura vaJcaka [vRddhi vAle] meM vaJcanAbuddhi na honeke kAraNa vaha devottha kapaTa hotA hai| [prAge kArikAmeM prAe hue tIna prakArake vidravoMkA varNana karate haiM / jisase loga vidvata hote haiM arthAt bhayabhIta hote haiM usa anarthako 'vidrava' kahate hai / vaha tIna prakArakA hotA hai / [1 jIvottha, 2 ajIvottha aura 3 jIvAjIvostha] / unameMse hastI prAdike dvArA utpanna hone vAlA [anartha] jIvottha hai / zastrAdise hone vAlA ajIvottha hai| aura nagaroparodha prAdise utpanna jIvAjIvottha hai| usa [nagaroparodhajanya anartha] meM hastI prAdi aura zastrAdi donoMkA vyApAra honese [usa prakArake anarthako jIvAjIvottha anartha kahA jAtA hai| [amISu tu] isase zRGgAra, kapaTa aura vidravoMke tIna-tIna bhevoMmeMse eka-eka bheda par3oM meM alaga-alaga nibaddha karanA cAhie / unameMse prathama aGkameM [tInoM prakArake kapaToMmese] 1. smbhvaayogaat| 2. upaaye| 3. tanasya /
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________________ 228 ] nATyadapaNam / kA0 76-80, sU0 128 ca sragdharAdikam / zrAdizabdAd bakSaraM zArdU lAdyojoguNayuktaM gRhyate, na punargAyatryAdi / tena hi bahvarthAbhidhAne kliSTatA syAt / kecit punaralpAkSaraM gAyatryAdikaM ardhasama-viSamAdikaM cAtra parva manyante / anena ca gadyasyAtra na niSedhaH pdyvaishissttyvidhaanaarthtvaaditi| . ___ samavakAre ca saMkSiptaH sahAsyaH zRGgAraH, kapaTo vidravo devAsuravairanimittaM, samprahArAdikaM ca divyaprabhAvasAdhyam / laukikIbhirupapattibhihInaM mAyA-indrajAla-plutalaMghana-ucchedya-pustAvapAtAdibahulayA prArabhaTa yA vRttyA sarvamapi prahasana-kapaTa-vidravAdi kutUhalinAM parAM tuSTimutpAdayituM vyutpAdyate / yadAhu : zUrAstu vIra-raudraSu niyuddheSvAhaveSu c| bAlA mUkhoH striyazcaiva haasy-shok-bhydissu|| 'parituSyantIti vAkyazeSa iti // [14-15] 76-80 // koI eka kapaTa upAya [ke rUpa meM, [kAryameM] aApattiko sambhAvanA rUpameM eka vijJava, aura phala rUpameM [koI eka zRGgAra dikhalAnA cAhie / isI prakAra dvitIyaM tathA tRtIya aDaroM meM [bhI eka kapaTa upAya rUpameM, Apattiko sambhAvanA rUpameM eka-eka prakArakA vidraya, aura phala rUpameM eka-eka prakArake zRGgArakA varNana karanA caahie| kintu isa bAtakA vizeSa rUpase dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki] prathama aGka meM kAma-bhRGgAra hI rakhA jAya / manoraJjanAmeM usa [kAma-zRGgAra] ke sAdhakatama honese usakA prathama prahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| isI kAraNa isameM prahAsako racanA bhI kI jAtI hai / padyameM sragdharA prAdi [lambe padya hI samayakAra meM prayukta karane cAhie] prAdi zabdase adhika prakSaroM vAle aura projo guNayukta zArdUlavikrIDita prAdi [vRttoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / [alpa akSaroMvAle] gAyatrI prAdi [chandoM] kA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| usa [gAyatrI prAdi alpAkSara chandoM) ke grahaNa karanese lambe arthakA varNana karane meM kaThinAI hogii| [isalie svalpAkSara chandoMkA grahaNa samavakArameM nahIM karanA caahie| koI loga svalpAkSara gAyatrI prAdi aura ardhasama tathA viSama prAdi chandoMkA isameM grahaNa mAnate haiM / isa [padyoMkA vizeSa rUpase nAma lene se yahA~ gadyakA niSedha [abhipreta] nahIM hai / padyoMke prASikyakA vidhAna karaneke lie hI [sragdharAdikA] vidhAna honese / / samavakArameM hAsya sahita saMkSipta zRGgAra, aura devoM tathA asuroMke varake kAraNa hone vAlA kapaTa, vidrava tathA vidhya prabhAvase sAdhya yuddhAdika [lA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| laukika yuktiyoMse rahita [arthAt laukika upAyoMse siddha na hone vAlA] mAyA, indrajAla, uchalanA-kUdanA [ucchedya arthAt naSTa karane yogya] zatruke putale prAdikA girAnA prAdi, jisameM mukhya rUpase kiyA jAtA hai isa prakArako prArabhaTo vRttise sampAdita prahasana, kapaTa, vidraya prAdi sabhI kucha kotUhalotsuka janatAko pratyanta Ananda pradAna karate haiM [isalie unakA varNana kiyA jAtA hai] / jaisA ki kahA bhI hai ki zUra loga vIra raudra rasoMmeM, mallayuddha aura yuddhoMmeM [mAnanda anubhava karate haiM] aura bAlaka, mUrkha tathA striyA~ hAsya, zoka, bhaya AdimeM [prAnandakA anubhava karate haiN| 'prasanna hote haiM yaha vAkya zeSa hai [arthAt isa vAkyako Uparase jor3a lenA cAhie // [14-15] 79-80 //
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________________ kA0 81, sU0 126 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 226 atha bhANasya kramaprApto lakSaNAvasaraH[sUtra 126]-bhAraNaH pradhAnazRGgAra-vIro mukha-nirvAhavAn / ekAGko dazalAsyAGgaH prAyo lokAnuraJjakaH // [16] 81 // bhaNyate vyomoktyA nAyakena svaparavRttaM prakAzyate'treti 'bhANaH' / zaurya-saubhAgyavarNanA bAhulyenAtra vIrazRGgArayoH prAdhAnyam / zRGgArAGgatvAd hAsyo'pyatrAGgatayA vrnnniiyH| tathA mukha-nirvahaNasandhisampUrNa ekAhanivartanIyatvAdekAGkaH / daza cAtra lAsyAGgAni nibadhyante / tAni caitAni yathA ca geyapadaM sthitaM pAThyamAsInaM puSpagaNDikA / pracchedakaM trigUDhaM ca saindhavAkhyaM dvigUDhakam / / uttamottamakaM caivamukta-pratyuktameva ca / iti / prAyeNa lokasya pRthagjanasya viTa-vezyAdivRttAtmakatvAd raJjanAtmakaH / viTadhUrta-kuTTanyAdiceSTitaM rAjaputrAdInAmapi cAturyArthaM jJeyameveti prAyograhaNamiti / / .. [16] 81 // 7. saptama rUpaka bheda 'bhANa' kA lakSaNa aba kramase bhAraNakA lakSaNa karanekA avasara prAtA hai [isalie bhAraNakA lakSaNa karate haiN| __ [sUtra 126] zRGgAra yA vIra rasa pradhAna, mukha sandhi tathA nirvahaNa [do ho sandhiyoM se yukta, daza lAsyAGgoMse pUrNa, eka praGka vAlA, aura prAyaH sAdhAraNa janoMkA manoraJjana karanevAlA [rUpakabheda] 'bhAraNa' [kahalAtA hai // [16] 81 // jisameM nAyaka [anya kisI pAtrake raGgabhUmimeM upasthita na honese] aAkAzokti dvArA apane aura dUsareke vRttako kahatA yA prakAzita karatA hai| vaha [bhavyate yatreti bhAgaH' isa gyutpatti ke anusAra] 'bhAraNa' kahalAtA hai| isameM zaurya yA saubhAgyakA adhika varNana honeke kAraNa vIra tathA zRGgArakA prAdhAnya hotA hai| zRGgArakA aGga, honese hAsyarasakA bhI isameM praGga rUpase varNana honA caahie| aura eka hI dina meM pUrNa honevAle kathAbhAgase yukta honese eka aGka vAlA, tathA mukha aura nirvaharaNa [do ho] sandhiyoMse yukta ['bhAraNa' hotA hai / isameM daza lAsyAGgoMkA bhI varNana hotA hai / ve [dasa lAsyAMga] nimna prakAra kahe gae haiM 1 geyapada, 2 sthita, 3 pATya, 4 puSpagaNDikA, 5 pracchedaka, 6 trigaDha, 7 saindhava nAmaka dvigUDaka, 8 uttamottamaka, 6 ukta praura 10 pratyukta [ye dA lAsyAGga kahe gae haiM / [ina sabakA prayoga bhAraNameM hotA hai / [kArikAmeM pAe hue 'prAyo lokAnuraJjakaH' isa bhAgako vyAkhyA karate haiM] prAyaH lokakA arthAt ciT dhUrta, aura vezyA Adike vRttase yukta sAdhAraNa logoMke manoraJjanakA kAraNa hotA hai [ucca koTike logoke manoraJjanakA kAraNa nahIM hotA hai] / viTa, dhUrta kuTTinI prAdikA caritra cAturyako zikSAke lie rAjaputrAdiko bhI jAnanA cAhie isalie [kArikAmeM ] 'prAyaH' padakA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai // [16] 81 // 1. eka trimUDhaM / 2 dvimUDhakaM /
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________________ 230 ] _ nATyadarpaNam [ kA082-83, sU0 130-131 atha kartavyopadezena nAyakamuddizati[sUtra 130]-eko viTo vA dhUrto vA vezyAdeH svasya vA sthitim / ___ vyomoktyA varNayedatra vRttirmukhyA ca bhAratI // [17]82 // eko dvitiiypaatrrhitH| viTaH pallavakaH, dhUrtazcauraH dyUtakArAdiH, vezyAdeH paNyastrI-kulaTA-zambhalyAdeH / svasyAtmano vA sthitiM caritaM vyomoktyA raGgApraviSTadvitIyapAtrasambandhivacanAnuvAdena varNayedaGgavikAraiH sAmAjikAnavagamayet / atra bhANe / bhAratI cAtra vRttiH prabhUtatayA pradhAnam / vIra-zRGgArayoH pradhAnatve'pi vyomoktyA vAcika evAtrAbhinayo na sAttvikAGgakAviti, na sAttvatI kaizikI vA pradhAnam / atra viTAdInAM paravacanAtmaka vRttaM prekSakANAmavacanIyatvApAdanArthaM vyutpAdyata iti / atra kecit viTAkalpitaM vRttaM, nAyakaM ca viTameva manyante // [17] 82 // * atha prahasanasya samaya :[sU0 131]-vaimukhyakArya vIGgi khyAtakaulInadambhavat / hAsyAGgi bhANasandhyaGka-vRtti prahasanaM dvidhA // [18] 83 // aba [nAyakake kartavyake pradarzana dvArA nAyakakA varNana karate haiM [sUtra 130]--eka viTa yA dhUrta [nAyaka] vezyAdiko athavA apanA sthitiko 'AkAzabhASita' ke dvArA isameM varNana karatA hai aura isameM bhAratI vRttiko pradhAnatA hotI hai // [16] 82 // ___eka arthAt dUsare pAtrase rahita viTa arthAt [pallavaka arthAt] vezyAsakta aura dhUrta cora jumArI Adi [ bhAraNakA nAyaka hotA hai ] / vezyAdi arthAt bAjArU aurata, kulaTA [chinAla, vyabhicAriNI strI.] aura [zambhalI arthAt] kuTTinI, dUtI Adike (caritako], athavA apanI sthitiko yA caritako raMgameM praviSTa na hone vAle dvitIya pAtrake vacanoMkA anuvAda karake [arthAt raMgameM anupasthita kisI anya pAtrake sAtha vArtAlApake rUpameM kie jAne vAle aAkAzabhASitake dvArA varNana kare, aura aGga vikAroMke dvArA sAmAjikoMko use samajhAve / 'atra' isameM arthAt bhArata meN| aura pracuramAtrAmeM honese isa [ bhAraNa ] meM bhAratI vRtti pradhAna hotI hai| vIra aura zRGgAra rasoMkI pradhAnatA honepara bhI AkAzabhASita [ke rUpameM athita honese vAcika hI abhinaya hotA hai / sAttvika yA AGgika nhiiN| isalie sAtvatI athavA kaiziko vRttiko pradhAnatA [bhAraNameM nahIM hotI hai / isameM viTa prAdi kA dUsaroMko Thagane vAlA caritra bhI, prekSaka Thage na jA sakeM isa prakArakI zikSA denekelie. dikhalAyA jAtA hai / kucha loga isa [bhAraNa] meM kathAbhAgako [sarvathA] viTa dvArA kalpita tathA nAyaka [sadA] viTa hI honA cAhie aisA mAnate haiM / [17]82 // aSTama rUpaka bheda-prahasanakA lakSaNa aba 'prahasana' kA [lakSara karanekA avasara prAtA hai [sUtra 131] - [pAkhaNDiyoM prAdike prati udAsInatAko utpanna karAnevAlA, vIthIke aGgoMse yukta, prasiddha janApavAda aura mithyA dambhase yukta, aura bhAgake samAna [mukha nirvaharaNa 1. ratiH /
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________________ kA084, sU0 132 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 231 vaimukhyaM bahumAnAbhAvaH kArya prayojanaM yasya / prahasanena hi pAkhaNDiprabhRtInAM caritaM vijJAya vimukhaH puruSo na bhUyastAn vaJcakAnupasarpati / vIthyaGgAhaurAdibhiryathAyogaM saMyuktaM ca vidheyam / kolInaM janavAdaH tat khyAtaM prasiddham / dambhazca AtmanyatathyasAdhutvAropaNampa: syAto'tra vidheyaH / yathA zAkyAnAM strIsamparko garhaNIyo na cauryam / evaM dambho'pi / hAsyo raso aGgI mukhyo yatra / bhANavacca sandhI mukhanirvahaNe / eko'GkaH bhAratI vRttizca nibndhniiyaa| hAsyarasaprAdhAnye'pyatra na kaizikI vRttiH / nindhapAkhaNDi-prabhRtInAM zRGgArasyAnaucityenAbhAvAt kevalahAsyaviSayatvameva / ata eva lAsyAGgAnyana alpAnyeveti / 'dvidhA' dviprakArakaM zuddhaM saGkIrNaM ceti / / [18] 83 // atha nAyakakathanadvAreNa zuddhamAha[sUtra 132]-nindyapAkhaNDi-viprAderazlIlAsabhyavajitam / parihAsavacaHprAyazuddhamekasya ceSTitam // [16] 84 // nindyAH zIlAdinA garhaNIyAH, pAkhaNDinaH zAkya-bhagavattApasAdayaH, viprA rUpa do] saMdhiyoM [eka] aGka, tathA [bhAratI] vRtti vAlA hAsyapradhAna [rUpakabheda] 'prahasana' [zuddha tathA saMkIrNa bhedase do prakArakA hotA hai| [18] 83 / [pAkhaNDiyoM Adike prati vaimukhya arthAt AdarakA abhAva [usakA utpAdana] jisakA kArya arthAt prayojana hai / prahasanake dvArA pAkhaNDI Adike caritako samajhakara, manuSya una ThagoMke pAsa phira nahIM jAtA hai [isalie prahasanako pAkhaNDiyoMke prati vaimukhyakArI kahA gayA hai] / vyavahArAdi vIthyaGgoMse yukta [prahasanako] banAnA cAhie / kolIna arthAt lokApavAda / vaha jisameM khyAta arthAt prasiddha ho| aura apane meM jhUThe sAdhutvake pradarzana rUpa dambhako isameM prakAzita karanA caahie| jaise bauddhoMmeM strI-samparka nindanIya hai corI nahIM [isa prakAra kA janApavAda rUpa kolIna prasiddha hai| isa prakAra [atathya sAdhutva pradarzana rUpa] dambha bhI [prasiddha karanA cAhie] / hAsyarasa jisameM aGgI arthAt mukhya ho [isa prakArakA prahasana hotA hai] / bhAraNake samAna mukha tathA nirvaharaNa nAmaka do hI saMdhi [isa prahasanameM bhI hote haiM / eka hI aMka, aura bhAratI vRtti [bhI bhAgake samAna hI nibaddha karanI caahie| hAsya rasakI pradhAnatA honepara bhI isameM kaiziko vRtti nahIM hotI hai| kyoMki nindanIya pAkhaNDI AdimeM zRGgArarasakA anaucitya honese unameM kevala hAsya-viSayatva hI hotA hai| isIlie prahasanameM zRGgArakI pradhAnatA na hone ke kAraNa isameM thor3e hI lAsyAMgoMkA varNana hotA hai / vaha do prakArakA arthAt zuddha aura saGkIrNa do prakArakA hotA hai / [18]83 // aba nAyakake kathana dvArA zuddha [prahasana ko kahate haiM--- [sUtra 132] - nindA yogya pAkhaNDI brAhmaNa Adi kisI ekakA azlIlatA tathA asabhyatAse rahita parihAsa vacanoMse pUrNa ceSTita [jisameM ho vaha zuddha prahasana kahalAtA hai / [16] 84 / nindanIya arthAt gahita prAcAra vAle, pAkhaNDI arthAt bauddha aura brAhmaraNa tapasvI prAdi [graMthakAra jaina haiM isalie unhoMne bauddha tathA bhagavattApasa arthAt brAhmaNa tApasa prAdi 1. mpko|
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________________ nATyadarpaNam 232 ] [ kA0 85, sU0 133 jAtimAtropajavano dvijanmAnaH / zrAdizabdAdanyasyApyevaMvidhasya duSTasyaikasyaiva kasyacicceSTitaM vRttaM, azlIlena prAmyeNa jugupsA- zramaGgalahetunA ca, asabhyena ca vrIDa | kAriNA rahitam / parihAsapradhAnavacanabahulaM ca / etadabhidhAyi rUpakamapi copacArAd zuddhaM prahasanam / dvitIyavezyA' dicaritasAGkarya rahitatvAditi || [16] 84|| atha saGkIrNam [ sUtra 133 ] ---- saGkIrNamuddhatAkalpa-bhASAcAra - paricchadam / bahUnAM bandhakI- ceTa-vezyAdInAM viceSTitam // [20] 85 // bahUnAM caritaiH saGkIrNatvAt saGkIrNam / RtyulbaNavetravyavahArAcAraparijanam / uddhatatvaM ca satAmanucitatvAt / bandhakI svairiNI, ceTo dAsaH, vezyA paNyastrI / AdizabdAt zambhalI-dhUrta - vRddha - SaNDha - pAkhaNDi vipra-bhujaga cAra-bhaTAdayo vikRtaveSa. bhASAcArA gRhyante / vigarhaNIyaM hAsyajanakaM ceSTitamanuSThAnam / ekasya bandhakyAdeH kasyacit dvAreNa yatrAneka evaMvidha eva prakarSeNa hasyate tat saGkIrNacaritaviSayatvAt saGkIrNam / zuddhe tu pAkhaNDyA derekasyaiva caritaM prahasyate iti pUrvasmAd bhedaH / airat fror pAkhaNDI kahA hai] vipra [vidyAdi brAhmaNocita guNoMse rahita honepara bhI ] kevala jAtile jIvikA - nirvAha karane vAle dvija / 'prAdi' zabdase isa prakArake kisI anya eka hI duSTake jugupsA aura zramaGgala janaka azlIlatA arthAt grAmyatAse aura vrIDAjanaka asabhyatA [rUpa azlIlatA] se rahita vyApArakA varNana [ prahasana meM honA cAhie] / parihAsa pradhAna vacana adhika mAtrAmeM pAe jAte haiN| isa lie isa [ isa parihAsa pradhAnavacana ] ko kahane vAlA rUpaka bhI upacArase 'zuddha' 'prahasana' kahalAtA hai / vezyAdi kisI dvitIyake carita kA saGkara na honese [ isa prakArakA prahasana 'zuddha' kahalAtA hai |[16] 84 // ta saMkIrNa prahasanakA lakSaraNa karate haiM-- [ sUtra 133 ] -- pratyanta uddhata veSa, bhASA, prAcAra aura parijanoMse yukta, vezyA tathA front [eyabhicAriNI strI] zrAdi bahutoM ke caritrase yukta [ prahasana ] saGkIrNa [ prahasana kahalAtA ] hai / [20] 85 / bahutoM ke caritase vyApta honeke kAraNa [ isa prakArakA prahasana ] saMkIrNa kahalAtA hai / [veSa, bhASA, prAdhAra AdikA] uddhatatva [ usa prakArake veSa grAdike] sajjanocita na hone ke kAraraNa [ kahA jAtA ] hai / bandhakI arthAt svaMriNI, ceTa arthAt dAsa, vezyA, bAjArU strI / 'Adi' zabda se zambhalI [chinAla ], dhUrta, vRddha, hijar3A, pAkhaNDI, brAhmaNa, bhujaga, [ vezyAoM ke sevaka ], cAra tathA bhATa prAdi vikRta veSa, bhASA aura prAcAra vAloMkA grahaNa hotA hai / [Age 'viceSTitaM' zabdakA artha karate haiM] vizeSa rUpase garhaNIya zrarthAt hAsyajanaka ceSTitaM arthAt vyApAra [ anusstthaan]| bandhakI prAdimeMse kisI ekake dvArA jahA~ isa prakArake anya aneka logoMkA upahAsa kiyA jAtA hai vaha saGkIrNa caritokA viSaya honese saGkI [ prahasana kahalAtA ] hai / zuddha [prahasana] meM to pAkhaNDI Adi kisI ekake hI caritakA upahAsa kiyA jAtA hai yaha pichale [ zuddha prahasana ] se [ saMkIrNarUpa prahasanakA ] bheda hai / 1. AsAna / 2. cArabuddha / 3. picArata /
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________________ kA086, sU0 134 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 233 anye tu-svabhAvazuddha-pAkhaNDyAdezvarita prahasyate tat saGkIrNacaritaviSayatvAt saGkIrNamityAhuH / saGkIrNamanekAGka kecidnusmaranti / atra ca prathamena zlokena sAmAnyalakSaNam / dvitIyena zuddhasya, tRtIyena ca saGkIrNasya lakSaNam / ubhayatra tu viTa-ceTyAdeH parijanasya bhUyastvamiti / prahasanena ca bAla-strI-mRrkhANAM hAsyapradarzanena nATaye prarocanA kriyate / tataH saJjAtanATyarucayaH zeSarUpakai-dharmArthakAmeSu vyutpAdyante / tathA vRttacyutasya pAkhaNDiprabhRtervattaM zuddhaM, bandhakyAdezva, dhUrtAdisaMkulaM saMkIrNaM vRttaM tyAjyatayA vyutpAdyate iti // [20] 85 // atha Dimasya lakSaNakramaH[sUtra 134]-prazAnta-hAsya-zRGgAra-vimarzaH khyAtavastukaH / - raudramukhyazcaturaGkaH sendrajAla-raNo DimaH // [21] 86 // zAnta-hAsya-zRgArarUparasatrayeNa vimarzAkhyacaturthasandhinA ca rahitatvAt zeSarasairanyasandhibhizca yuktaH / zAntasya karuNahetukatvenopalakSaNatvAt karuNo'pi niSidhyate duHkhaprakarSAtmakatvAt / saGkIrNa prahasanakA dUsarA lakSaNa anya loga to-svavizuddha [arthAt pavitra AcAravAle honepara bhI pAkhaNDI prAvi [arthAt anya dharmoke anuyAyI brAhmaNAdi] ke caritakA jisameM upahAsa kiyA jAtA hai vaha caritakA saGkara [zuddha caritameM azuddhatA kA viSaya honese saMkIrNa [prahasana] hotA hai yaha kahate haiM / kucha logoMkA kahanA yaha hai ki saMkoNaM [prahasana] aneka aDoM vAlA hotA hai / [aura zuddha prahasanameM kevala eka aGka hotA hai yaha una donoMkA bheda hai / prahasanake lakSaraNameM 83-85 taka tIna zloka pAe haiM] inameM se prathama zlokase [prahasanakA] sAmAnya lakSaNa, dvitIyase zuddhakA lakSaNa, tathA tRtIya zlokase saMkIrNa. [prahasana kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai| zuddha tathA saMkIrNa] donoMmeM viTa, ceTa prAvi parijanoMkA bAhulya rahatA hai| prahasanake dvArA hAsya pradarzita karake mUoM aura striyoMkI nAdhyake viSaya meM abhiruci utpanna kI jAtI hai| usase nATakake viSayameM ruci ho jAnepara zeSa rUpakabhedoMke dvArA unako dharma, artha aura kAma kI zikSA pradAna kI jAtI hai| aura sAtha hI prAcArahIna pAkhaNDI mAvi [kisI eka kA zuddha vRtta tathA dhUrtAdise vyApta bandhakI prAdikA saMkIrNa carita tyAjya rUpase dikhalAyA jAtA hai| [vaha prahasanakI upayogitA hai] // [20] 85 // 6 navama rUpaka bheda 'Dima' kA lakSaNa [prahasanake lakSaNake bAda prAge] aba 'Dima' ke lakSaNakA avasara prApta hai-[prataH 'Dima' kA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [sUtra 134] --zAnta, zRGgAra aura hAsya rasoM sahita, vimarza sandhi-vihIna, prasiddha pAkhyAnavastu vAlA, tathA raudra rasa-pradhAna, indrajAla evaM yuddhAdise paripUrNa cAra aMkoM vAlA [rUpakabheva] 'Dima' [kahalAtA hai / [21] 86 // zAnta, zRGgAra aura hAsya rUpa tIna rasoMse, tathA vimarza nAmaka caturtha sandhise rahita honese anya rasoM tathA sandhiyoMse sukta [Dima hotA hai] / zAnta rasake [yahA~] kavaraNa-janya
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________________ 234 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA086, sU0 134 iha ca karuNa-raudra-bhayAnaka-bIbhatsAzcatvAro rasA duHkhAtmAnaH / zRGgAra-hAsyavIra-adbhuta-zAntAH paJca sukhaatmkaaH| divyAnAM ca sukhabAhulyenAlpaduHkhatvAdanyathA divyatvameva na syAdityeSAM tatprabhAvAnAnugRhItAnAmanyeSAM ca duHkhAtmAnorasA aprayojyA eva / samavakArAdau tu yad raudrAdivarNanaM tad divyahetukasvAbhAvikasukhAbAdhakatvAdaduSTameva / mAdhavajJAdisamuttho hi raudrH| svAdhikakrodhAdisambhavo bhayAnakaH / mAdyazucizarIrAdhavalokanAd bIbhatsazca divyAnAmAgantuka ev| karuNaH punariSTaviyogaprabhavazokaprakarSarUpatvAt svAbhAvikasukhaparipanthI sarvadeSAmavarNanIya eva / zAnto'pi viSayAsaktimattvAdasambhavyeva / / __atra ca Dime hAsya-zRGgAravarjanamindrajAlAdibahulatvAducitameveti / khyAtaM rUpase upalakSaNa honeke kAraNa [zAnta parase ho] kataraNarasakA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai [yaha samajhanA cAhie / [kataraNarasake duHkhaprakarSAtmaka honese| rasoMkI sukha duHkhAtmakatA karuNarasakI duHkhAtmatAke kathanake prasaMgase rasoMke suHkhAtmaka tathA dukhAtmaka dvividha vibhAgako dikhalAte haiM yahA~ kaharaNa, raudra, bhayAnaka aura bIbhatsa ye cAra rasa duHkhAtmaka rasa haiN| zRGgAra, hAsya, vIra, adbhuta aura zAnta ye pAMca rasa sukhAtmaka rasa hai| divya pAtroMmeM sukhapradhAna honeke kAraNa unameM duHkhako nyUnatA honese, anyathA [arthAt yadi unameM sukhakI pradhAnatA na mAnI jAya to] unameM divyatA hI nahIM bnegii| isalie ina deivatAoM] aura unake prabhAvase anugRhIta anyoM [arthAt unake bhaktagaNoM ke sAtha du.khAtmaka rasoMkA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie / isapara yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki yadi divya pAtroMke sAtha duHkhapradhAna rasoMke prayogakA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai to raudrarasa-pradhAna samavakArameM divya pAtroMkI saMgati kase lagegI isa zaMkAkA uttara prAge dete haiM ki samavakArAdimeM [divya pAtroMke hote hue bhI jo raudra rasakA varNana kahA gayA hai vaha [una pAtroMke] divyatA-janya svAbhAvika sukhakA bAdhaka na honese doSAdhAyaka nahIM hai| [mAge vibhinna rasoMke kAraNa tathA svarUpakA upapAdana prasaMgataH karate haiM] manuSya prAdike dvArA kI jAne vAlI avajJA prAdise raudra [rasakA sthAyibhAva krodha] utpanna hotA hai| apanese adhika zaktizAlI puruSa ke krodhAdise bhayAnaka [rasake sthAyibhAva bhaya] kI utpatti hotI hai / aura manuSyAdike apavitra zarIra prAdike avalokanase bIbhatsa [rasakA sthAyibhAva jugupsA] divya pAtroMmeM [vAstavika nahIM] prAgantuka hI hotA hai / arthAt duHkhAtmaka raudra bhayAnaka aura bIbhatsarasoMkA devatAoMke sAtha varNana Agantuka rUpameM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / vAstavika rUpase nhiiN| karuNarasakA varNana to unake sAtha kisI bhI rUpameM nahIM karanA cAhie isa bAtako Age kahate haiM] kintu priyajanake viyogase utpanna zokake prakarSa rUpa honeke kAraNa svAbhAvika sukhake virodhI karuNa rasakA ina devatAoM ke sAtha kabhI bhI varNana nahIM karanA caahie| isI prakAra [devatAoMke] viSayAsakti-pradhAna honeke kAraNa unameM zAntarasa bhI asambhava hI hai [arthAt devatAnoMke caritameM zAntarasakA bhI varNana nahIM karanA cAhie / yahA~ 'Dima' meM indrajAlAdikA bAhulya honese hAsya tathA zRGgArakA varjana ucita hI
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________________ kA087, sU0 135 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 235 pUrvaprasiddhaM vastvitivRttaM nAyakopAyaphalalakSaNamatra / raudro mukhyo'GgI yatra / zeSA rasAH punaraMgAni / avasthAcatuSTayaviziSTaH catuHsandhitvena catudinanivartanIyetivRttatvena ca caturaGkavAn / aGkAvatArarUpAzcAtra aGkA vidheyAH / cUlikAGkamukhayorapi yuddhAdivarNane nibandho bhavatyeva / 'sendra' iti sahendrajAla-raNAbhyAM vartate / vidyamAnatA cAtra shaarthH| indrajAlamasatAM zabda-rUpAdonAM prakAzanam / anyathApAdanaM vaa| raNaH saMgrAmaH, baahuyuddh-blaatkaarpraabhvaadiruupH| Dimo Dimbo viplava ityarthaH / tadyogAdayaM DimaH / DimeH saMghAtArthatvAditi // [21] 86 / atha kRtyAntaraM nAyakaM copadiziti[sUtra 135] -atrolkApAta-nirghAtAzcandrasUryoparaktayaH / .. surAsurapizAcAdyAH prAyaH SoDaza naaykaaH||[22] 87 // hai| [lakSaraNameM pAe hue 'lyAtavastukaH' padakA artha karate haiM ki jisameM nAyaka, phala, tathA upAya rUpa artha 'vastu' arthAt itivRtta khyAta arthAt pUrva-prasiddha hai| [isa prakArakA Dima honA caahie| rodarasa jisameM praGgI arthAt pradhAnarasa hai| zeSa rasa aGga arthAt prapradhAna hote haiN| [vimarzasandhi-rahita kahanese zeSa] cAra sandhiyoM vAlA honeke kAraNa cAra pravasthAnoMse yukta, tathA cAra dinoMmeM sampAdita kathA-bhAga vAlA honese cAra aMkoMse yukta [rima ko kahA gayA hai / isameM aGgoMkI racanA aMkAvatArake rUpameM karanI cAhie [aMkAvatArakA lakSaNa 'so'GkAvatAro yat pAtra raDAntaramasUcanam' yaha 27vIM kArikAmeM kiyA jA cukA hai| isake anusAra pUrva aGkake pAtroM dvArA hI binA kisI anya sUcanAke navIna ajUkA prArambha hotA hai usako prAvatAra kahate haiN| Dimake prakoMkI racanA isI prakArase karanI cAhie yaha pratyakArakA abhiprAya hai| arthAt Dimake prakoM meM prathama aGkake pAtroM dvArA hI dvitIya aGka prAdikA prArambha honA caahie| aura usameM viSkambhaka pravezaka prAdi arthopakSepakoMkA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| kintu yuddhAdike varNanameM cUlikA tathA pramukha donoM [propalepakoM kA prayoga hotA hI hai| [viSkambhaka pravezaka prAdikA prayoga nahIM hotA hai] / 'sendrajAlaraNo DimaH' isakA artha yaha hai ki indrajAla aura yuddhase yukta ho / yahA~ 'saha' padakA artha vidhamAnatA hai| [arthAt sendrajAlameM sahArthaka 'sa' mAyA hai usase indrajAla aura yuTakI DimameM vidyamAnatA sUcita hotI hai| avidyamAna zabda aura rUpAdiko prakAzita karanA 'indranAla' [kahalAtA hai| bAhuyuddha, balAtkAra parAbhavAdi rUpa saMgrAma raNa [zabdakA artha hai| Dima arthAt Dimba yA viplava 'Dima' zabdakA mukhya artha hai usake yogase [rUpakabhedakA nAma] Dima hai| "Dima' dhAtuke saMghAtArthakA honese [viplavAdipradhAna rUpakabheda Dima kahalAtA hai| yaha Dima zabdakA nirvacana hai| yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai] // [21] 86 // aba [DimameM] karane yogya anya bAtoMkA, aura nAyakakA nirdeza karate haiM [sUtra 135]--isa [Dima] meM ulkApAta, bhUkampa, candramA aura sUryake uparAga [arthAt praharaNa athavA pariveSa] dikhalAe jAne caahie| [sUrya tathA candramAke cAroM ora kabhI-kabhI eka gola gherA dikhalAI detA hai isIko 'pariveSa' kahate haiM] sura. pratura, pizAca prAdi prAyaH solaha
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________________ 236 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA088, sU0 136 'atra' Dime ulkApAta-nirghAta-candrasUrya pariveSAH / upalakSaNaparatvAccAsya lepyakiliJja-carma-vastra-kASThakRtAni rUpANi ca pradarzyante / 'surAsura' ityAdyazabdAd yakSarAkSasabhujagendrAdigrahaH / prAyograhaNAt nyUnAdhikatve'pi na doSaH / divyAnAmuddhatatvAd dhIrAddhatA ete drssttvyaaH| svajAtyapekSayA tu dhIrodAttatvamapi na virudhyate / eSAM ca parasparavibhinnA bhAvAH sthAyi-vyabhicAryAdayo'pi vrnnniiyaaH| samavakAravat tattad devatAbhaktaprItikAryatvAd divyanAyakatvaM divyacaritAnuSThAnavyutpattizca drssttvyaa| evamIhAmRge'pi // [20] 87 // atha kramaprAptamutsRSTikAGka nirUpayati[sUtra 136] -utsRSTikAGkaH puMsvAmI khyAtayuddhotthavRttavAn / bhAraNoktavRttisandhyaGko vAgyuddhaH karuNAGgikaH // [23] 88 // prakArake nAyaka hote haiM / [22] 87 / isa [DimameM | ulkApAta, bhUkampa, sUryagrahaNa, candroparAga aura inake upalakSaNamAtra honese [inake sadRza lepya [arthAt plAsTara karane yogya dravyase banI huI] athavA kilija [arthAt harI caTAI athavA patale tastaise banI huI] carmase, vastrase tathA kASThase banI huI pratimAnoM Adi [rUpoM ko dikhalAyA jAtA hai| [kArikAmeM pAe hue surAsurapizAcAdyA: padameM] 'prAdha' zabdase yakSa, rAkSasa, bhujagendra, prAdikA grahaNa karanA caahie| ['prAyaH SoDazanAyakA.' meM] 'prAyaH' padase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki kabhI-kabhI isase adhika yA kama honepara bhI doSa nahIM hai| [arthAt sAdhAraNataH DimameM solaha nAyaka hote haiM, kintu kabhI-kabhI isa saMkhyAmeM nyUnA dhikya ho jAnepara bhI koI doSa nahIM hotA hai / divyajanoMke uddhata honese ye [Dimake solahoM nAyaka dhIroddhata samajhane caahie| [manuSyoMko apekSAse hI ye dhIroddhata kahe gae haiM] apanI jAtiko apekSAse to inakA dhIrodAttatva bhI viruddha nahIM hai [arthAt apanI jAtikI apekSAse to ve dhIrodAtta bhI kahe jA sakate haiM ] / ina [solahoM nAyakoMke ke sthAyibhAva vyAbhicAribhAva prAdi bhI paraspara pRthak-pRthak hI varNana karane caahie| samavakArake samAna una-una devatAoM ke bhaktoMke prati upakArI [prAnandadAyaka] honese [DimameM bhI] divya nAyaka hote haiM aura divya caritake anuSThAnakA parijJAna [rUpa usakA phala] samajhanA caahie| isI prakAra 'IhAmRga' meM bhI [divya nAyakoMkI sthitikA samarthana samajhanA cAhie / samavakArameM tIna aGkoMmeM bArahaM nAyaka dikhalAe the| pratyeka aGkameM nAyaka, pratinAyaka aura unake do sahAyaka isa prakAra cAra nAyakoMke hone se tIna prakoMke samavakArameM kula milAkara bAraha nAyaka mAne the| isI prakAra cAra prakoM vAle Dimake pratyeka maGkameM cAra-cAra nAyaka hone se kula milAkara solaha nAyaka mAne gae haiN| ina sabake vibhAva anubhAva pora phala Adi pRthak-pRthak hI varNana karane caahie| 10. dazama rUpaka bheda 'utsRSTikAGka' kA lakSaNa pratra kramase prApta utsRSTikAkA nirUpaNa karate haiM sUtra 136] ['Dima' aura 'samayakAra' meM divya nAyaka kahe gae the unake viparIta] puruSa nAyaka vAlA, prasiddha yuddhase janya [prarthAt prasiddha yuropAkhyAnapara prAdhArita kathAvastu
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________________ kA0 88, sU0 136 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 237 utkramaNonmukhA sRSTirjIvitaM yAsAM tA utsRSTikAH, zocantyaH striyaH / tAbhiraGkitatvAd 'utsRSTikAGkaH' / pumAMso mA atra svAmino, na divyA duHkhAtmakasya karuNarasasyAtra prAdhAnyAt / divyAnAM ca sukhabAhulyena tatsambandhAyogAt / khyAtaM bhAratAdau prasiddhaM yad yuddhaM tatra sambhavi, karuNarasabahulaM yad vRttaM tat, svayaM prasiddhaM vA'sadatra nibandhanIyam / bhANapratipAditaM mukha-nirvahaNAkhyasandhidvayam / paridevitabAhulyAnmukhyA bhAratI vRttiH / ekAhanivartanIyacaritatvAdekAGkazcAtra krtvyH| zauryAdimadAvaliptAnAM parasparaM doSodghaTTanaM vAgyuddhaM, tadahulaH / matvarthIyeno bhUmnyatra vidhAnAt / vAgyuddha cAnuzocanaparAyaNAnAmiti raudrApravezena na karuNasyAGgitvavyAghAtaH / karuNo raso'GgI pradhAna bAhulyanibandhanAdatra vidheyaH / khyAtayuddhotthavRtte dha-bandhAdisadbhAveneSTaviyogAdiprAcuryAditi / / [23] 88 // vAlA, bhAraNameM kahe hue [mukha tathA nirvahaNa rUpa do] sandhiyoM, [bhAratI] vRtti tathA [eka aGkase yukta, karuNarasa-pradhAna, vAgyuddha pradarzaka, [rUpakabhe] utsRSTikAGka [kahalAtA hai / / [23] 88 // isa kArikAko vyAkhyA prArambha karanese pahale granthakAra 'utsRSTikAGka' padakA nirvAcana dikhalAte haiM jinakI sRSTi arthAt jIvana utkramaNonmukha hai isa prakArako zokagrasta striyA~ 'utsRSTikA' [kahalAtI hai] unase aGkita [arthAt unako carcA karane vAlA rUpakabheda] utsRSTikAGka [kahalAtA hai| 'svAmI' kahanese isameM puruSa arthAt martya hI nAyaka hote haiN| duHkhAtmaka karuNarasakI pradhAnatA honeke kAraNa [utsRSTikAGkameM] divya nAyaka nahIM hote haiN| kyoMki divyajanoMke sukhapradhAna honese unake sAtha usa [duHkhAtmaka karuNarasa] kA sambandha nahIM hotA hai [ataH isameM divya nAyaka nahIM hote haiM] / 'khyAta' arthAt mahAbhArata prAvimeM prasiddha jo yuddha, usameM hone vAle karuNarasase paripUrNa jo pAkhyAna-vastu, athavA [mahAbhAratAdike aAdhArake binA] svayaM prasiddha jo vidyamAna yA avidyamAna pAkhyAna-vastu, usakI racanA isameM karanI caahie| bhAgameM pratipAdita mukha tathA nirvaharaNa nAmaka do sandhi, vilApa AdikA bAhulya honese bhAratI mukhya vRtti, tathA eka dina meM samApya carita vAlA honese eka aGka isameM rakhanA caahie| zaurya Adike madase matta janoMkA eka-dUsarepara doSAropaNa vAgyuddha [kahalAtA hai| usakA bAhulya [isa utsRSTikAGkameM hotA hai| yahA~ matvarthIya pratyayake bAhulyArthameM vihita honese [vAgyuddhaH kA artha vAgyukhabahula: karanAcAhie / aura yaha vAgyuddha anuzodhanaparAyaNa janoMkA hai isalie [vAgyuddha meM yuddha padake honese] raudra kA praveza nahIM hotA hai isalie karuNarasako pradhAnatAkA vyAghAta bhI nahIM hotA hai [arthAt utsRSTikAGkameM anuzocanaparAyaNa striyoMkA vAgyuddha honepara bhI usameM raudrarasa nahIM apitu karuNarasa hI pradhAna rahatA hai / isameM adhikAMzameM variNata karake karuNarasa hI pradhAna rUpase nivaDa karanA caahie| prasiddha yuddhAtmaka itivRttameM badha-bandhadike honese iSTa-viyogAdikA prAcarya honeke kAraNa [karuNarasa hI utsRSTikAGkakA pradhAnarasa hotA hai] // [23] 86 //
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________________ 238 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 86-60, sU0 137-138 atha kRtyazeSamupadizati[sUtra 137] -nirvedavAco bhUmnAtra yoSitAM paridevitam / narA nivRttasaMgrAmAzceSTAzcitrA visaMsthulAH // [24]86 // atra utsRSTikAGke yAsu zrutAsu nirvedo jAyate, tA nivedavAco bAhulyena nibandhanIyAH / devopAlambha-AtmanindAdirUpAnuzocanAtmaka paridevitaM ca yopitAM bahudhA varNanIyam / pumAMsazcoparatoMddhataprahAra-badha-bandha-tADanAdirUpasaMgrAmAH pAtratvena niyojyaaH| bhUminipAta-vivartitoraH zirastADana-svakezavoTanAdikA nAnAprakArAzceSTA visaMsthulA drshniiyaaH| atra cotsRSkiAGke uttamAnAM madhyamAnAM ca bahuvidhavyasanapAtena vairasyAditAnAM mahAvipadyapi avipAdinAM sthirANAM ca punarunnatidRzyate ityaviSAdaM cittasthairya ca vidhAtu strIparidevitabahulaM vRttaM vyutpAdyata iti // [24] 86 // athehAmRgasya lakSaNaprapaJce payoya :[sUtra 138] -IhAmRgaH savIthyaGgo divyezo dRptamAnavaH / ekAGkazcaturaGko vA khyAtAkhyAtetivRttavAn // [25] 60 // aba [utsRSTikAGkameM] karane yogya anya bAtoMkA nirdeza karate haiM--- [sUtra 137]- isameM mukhya rUpase striyoMke vilApa tathA [saMsArakI anityatA duHkhamayatvAdike pratipAdana dvArA] vairAgyako janaka bAtoMkA varNana karanA caahie| puruSoM ko saMgrAmase nivRtti aura [bhUpatana urastAuna kezatroTanAdi rUpa] nAnA prakArako vizRGkhala ceSTAe~ pradarzita karanI caahie-|| [24] 86|| ___ utsRSTikAGkameM jina,[bAtoM] ke sunanese vairAgya utpanna hotA hai isa prakArako vairAgyajanaka bAteM nibaddha karanI cAhie / devako upAlambha denA, AtmanindA, aura anuzocana rUpa striyoMkA vilApa, pracura mAtrAmeM varNana karanA caahie| aura puruSoMko uddhata prahAra badha, bandha, tADana prAdi rUpa saMgrAma vyApAroMse uparata pAtrake rUpameM dikhalAnA caahie| bhUmipara loTanA, chAtI pITanA, sira phor3anA, bAla nocanA, prAdi nAnA prakArako vizRGkhala ceSTAe~ [striyoMko] dikhalAnI cAhie / isa utsRSTikAGkameM nAnA prakArako prApattiyoMke A par3anese, duHkhoMse pIr3ita, kintu mahAn vipattikAlameM bhI na ghabar3Ane vAle, evaM sthira rahane vAle, uttama tathA madhyamalogoMko phira dubArA unnati hotI hai isalie [manuSyako duHkhameM par3a jAnepara bhI] ghabar3AnA nahIM cAhie tathA cittako sthira rakhanA cAhie isa bAtako zikSA dene ke lie [athavA vipattigrasta puruSoMko dhairya tathA utsAha pradAna karane ke lie] striyoMke vilApAdise pUrNa kathA prastuta kI jAtI hai / [24] 86 / / 11 ekAdaza rUpaka bheda 'IhAmRga' kA lakSaNa - aba 'IhAmRga' ke lakSaNa prAdi karanekA avasara [prAsa] hai [sU0 138] ---vIthyaGgoMse yukta, divya nAyaka, tathA dRta mAnavapAtroM vAlA, eka maGka: athavA cAra praGkoM vAlA, prasiddha athavA aprasiddha kathApara prAzrita-[25] 60 /
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________________ kA0 60-61, sU0 138 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 236 divyastrIhetusaMgrAmo nirvizvAsaH saviDvaraH / / stryapahAra-bheda-daNDaH prAyo dvAdazanAyakaH // [26] 61 // IhA ceSTA mRgasyeva strImAtrArthA atra iti IhAmRgaH / saha vIthyaGgAhArAdibhirvartate / divyezo divyanAyakaH / dRptA uddhatA mAnabA martya puruSapAtrANyatra / ekAGkazcaturaGko veti / atra ca vRttasaMkSepa-vistArAnurodhinI kavisvecchA pramANam / ekAGkatve ekAhanirvartyameva caritam / caturaGkatve tu caturdinanirvartyam / khyAtAkhyAtaM prasiddhAprasiddha yaditivRttaM tadvAn / prazaMsAyAM ca matustena caturaGkatve parasparAGkasambaddhamitivRttama na tu samavakAravadasambaddham / divyastrIhetuH saMgrAmo yatra / atra hi divyAM nAyakastriyamanicchintI pratinAyako'paharati / tatastannimittako nAyaka-pratinAyakayoH saMgrAmo nibandhanIyaH / nirgato vizvAsaH parasmin pratyayo yasmAt / AvegAnarthaparasparaspardhAdayo viDvaraH, taya ktaH / strInimittamapahAra-bheda-daNDA yatra / te ca yathAsambhavaM strIviSayA anyaviSayA vaa| bhedaH sAmadAnAdinA vizlepopapAdam / daNDo bandhAdiH / prAyograhaNaM nAyikA-nyUnAdhikatvakhyApanArtham // [25-26] 60-61 / / divya strIke kAraNa jisameM saMgrAmakA pradarzana kiyA jAya, paraspara vizvAsa rahita, paraspara spardhAdi rUpa [viDvaroM se yukta, striyoMke apaharaNa, bheda athavA daNDakA pradarzaka, aura prAyaH bAraha nAyakoM vAlA [rUpakabheda] IhAmRga hotA hai // ] 5[-26] 61 // jisameM 'mRga'ke samAna kevala strIke lie 'IhA' arthAt ceSTA hotI hai vaha 'IhAmRga' [kahalAtA] hai [yaha IhAmRga' zabdakA nirvacana huA] / vaha vyAhArAdi rUpa vIthyaGgoMse yukta hotA hai| divya nAyaka tathA dRta arthAt uddhata mAnavapAtra jisameM hoN| eka athavA cAra aGka vAlA ho| isa viSayameM [arthAt aToMkI saMkhyA viSapameM] kathAbhAgake saMkSepa athavA vistArakA anusaraNa karanevAlI kaviko icchA hI pramANa hai [kavi pAkhyAna-vastuke saMkSepa vistArake anusAra praGkoMko saMkhyA rakhane meM svatantra hai / eka aGka honepara eka dinameM samApta hone vAlA hI caritra rakhanA caahie| aura cAra aGka honepara cAra dinameM samApta hone vAlI kathA honI caahie| prasiddha athavA aprasiddha jo kathA, usapara prAdhArita / isameM prazaMsA artha meM matup pratyaya hai / isalie cAra aGka honepara unakI kathA paraspara sambaddha honI cAhie, samavakArake samAna asambaddha nhiiN| ['samavakAra' ke lakSaNa meM usake proMko svayaM 'niSThitArthA' kahA thA / 'IhAmRga' ke aGka usase bhitra paraspara sambaddha hote haiM / divya strIke kAraNa jisameM saMgrAma ho| isameM nAyakakI [pratinAyakako na cAhane vAlI divya strIko pratinAyaka [balAt] apaharaNa karatA hai| aura usake kAraNa nAyaka tathA pratinAyakameM saMgrAma dikhalAyA jAtA hai / jisameM dUsarepara vizvAsa na rahA ho| pAvega, anartha, paraspara spardhA Adi "biDvara kahalAte haiN| unase yukta, strIke kAraNa jisameM apaharaNa, bheda aura daNDa hote haiN| ve yathAsamva strI ke viSaya meM athavA anyake viSayameM [hote haiN|] bheda arthAt sAma yA dAnAdike dvArA phUTa ddaalnaa| daNDa arthAt bandha prAdi / 'prAyaH' padakA grahaNa [saMkhyAke] nyUnatva aura adhikatvake sUcita karaneke lie hai| [25-26] 60-61 //
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________________ 240 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 6-63, smR. 136-148 atha kRtyazeSamupadizati[sUtra 136]--vyAjenAtra raNAbhAvo badhAsanne zarIriNi / vyAyogoktA rasAH sandhi-vRtta yo'nucitA ratiH // [27] 62 // badhAsanne samarAnantaraM bhAvibadhayogye zarIriNi vyAjena palAyanAdinA raNAbhAvo vidheyaH / bhAratAM sAkSAt , nepathye'pi badho na vrnnniiyH| rasA vIra-raudrAdyA dIptAH / sandhayo garbhAvamarzavarjitAstrayaH / vRttayazca kaizikIhInA tina eva / 'sandhivRttayaH' itItaretarayogo dvandvaH / anucitA rati ratyAbhAsaH / sa ca pratinAyakasya niSpremastrIviSayatvAditi / / [27] 62 // atha kramaprAptAM vIthIM lakSati[sUtra 140]-sarvasvAmi-rasA vIthI tvekAGkA dvaya kpaatrikaa| mukhanirvAhasandhiH syAt, sarvarUpopayoginI // [28] 63 // nATakAdisarvarUpakANAmetaduktam / vakroktimArgeNa gamanAd vIthIva vIthI / aba [utsRSTiAkAGkameM] karane yogya zeSa bAtoMko kahate haiM-- [sUtra 136]- isameM badhAsanna vyaktike [palAyana prAdike] bahAnese yuddha kI samApti tathA vyAyogameM kahe hue [vIra raudrAdi dIpta] rasa sandhi evaM [kaizikIko chor3akara bhAratI, sAtvatI, pArabhaTI tIna] vRtti [honI cAhie], tathA evaM anucita ratikA varNana honA cAhie // [27] 62 // ____baghAsanna arthAt bAdameM zIghra hI jisakA vadha hone vAlA ho isa prakArake zarIrI arthAt vyakti ke palAyana prAdike bahAnese isameM yuddhako samApti dikhalAnI cAhie / arthAt sAkSAt [badha dikhalAe jAneko] kI bAta to dUra rahI nepathyameM bhI badhakA varNana nahIM karanA caahie| vyAyogokta rasa arthAt vIra raudrAdi dIpta rasa [hone cAhie] / garbha aura mavamarza sandhiyoMko chor3akara [mukha, pratimukha tathA nirvaharaNa rUpa tIna sandhi [hone cAhie / aura kaizikIko chor3akara [bhAratI, sAttvatI, prArabhaTI Adi tIna hI vRttiyA~ honI caahie| 'sandhi-vRttayaH' isa padameM itaretarayogameM dvandva-samAsa hai anucita rati arthAt ratyAbhAsakA varNana honA cAhie aura vaha pratinAyakake ananurakta strI-viSayaka [rati pradarzana honese hotA hai / [27] 62 // dvAdaza rUpaka bheda 'vIthI'kA lakSaNa aba kramaprApta 'vIthI' kA lakSaraNa karate haiM--- [sUtra 140] -[uttama, madhyama adhama] saba prakArake nAyakoMse aura samasta rasoMse yukta, eka aGka aura eka yA do pAtroM vAlI, mukha tathA nirvahaNa [rUpa do] sandhiyoMse yukta, [apane trayodaza praGgoM dvArA nATaka prAdi] samasta rUpakoMko upakAriNI 'bIthI' [kahalAtI] hai| [28] 63 // [sarvarUpopayoginI] yaha bAta nATakAdi sabhI rUpaka ke SayameM kahI gaI hai / [arthAt vIthI meM kahe jAnevAle teraha aGga nATaka sahita sabhI rUpakoMmeM hote haiN| vakroktimArgase 1. vIthIti /
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________________ [ 241 kA 63, sU0 140 ] dvitIyo vivekaH sarve gvAmina uttama-madhyama-adhamarUpAH / sarve rasAraca zRGgArAdayaH paryAyeNAtra vidhAtavyAH / yadAha kohala : uttamAdhamamadhyAbhi-yuktA prkRtimiliyaa| ___ ekahA- dvihAyo vA sA vIthItyakSisaMcitA / / iti // zaMkukastvadhamaprakRternAyakatvamanicchan prahasana-bhAzAdau hAsyarasapradhAne viTAdernAyakatvaM pratipAdayan kathamupAdeya: syAditi ? 'ekAMkA' ityanena ekadivasAyogyamitivRttamati darzayati / dvAbhyAM pAtrAbhyAM ukti-pratyuktivaicitryaviziSTA, ekana vA pAtreNa AkAzabhASitasamanvitena yuktA vIthI kavinA svecchayA vidheyaa| mukha-nirvAhAkhyo sandhI yasyAm / sarveSAM rUpakANaM nATakAdInAM vakroktyAdisaMkula-trayodazA mavezena upayoginI vaicitrykaarikaa| ata ravAnte lakSitA / vakroktisahasrasaMkulatvena zRGgAra-hAsyayoH sUcanAmAtratvAt kaishikiivRttihiintvm| atra ca bahuvidhA vakroktivizeSA uttama-madhyama-adhamanAyakAnAM vyutpAdyante iti // [28] 63 // [isameM kahe hue trayodaza agoMke nATakAdi sAre rUpakoMmeM] jAnese bIthoke samAna hone ke kAraNa yaha 'bItho' kahalAtI hai| uttama. madhyama, aSama rUpa sAre svAmI arthAt nAyaka [isameM hote haiM] / aura zaGgAra prAdi sAre rasa eka-eka karake paryAyase isameM varNana kie jAte haiN| jaisA ki kohalane kahA hai-- uttama, adhama aura madhyama tInoM prakArake pAtroMse yukta eka pAtrake dvArA athavA do pAtroMke dvArA sampAdita [rUpaka bheda] 'vIthI' kahalAtI hai| zaMkuka jo adhama prakRtiko nAyaka nahIM mAnanA cAhate haiN| ve bhANa, prahasana Adi hAsyarasapradhAna [rUpakoM] meM viTa mAdi [adhama pAtroM ko nAyaka [banAne kA pratipAdana karake kaise zraddhaya vacana ho sakate haiM ? [arthAta zaMkuka eka ora to yaha kahate haiM ki prathama prakRtikA nAyaka nahIM honA caahie| dUsarI ora bhAraNa prahasana prAdimeM adhama prakRtike viTAviko hI nAyaka banAnekA vidhAna karate haiN| ye donoM bAteM paraspara viparIta haiM isalie unakA kathana upAdeya nahIM ho sakatA hai / isalie vahAM vIthI meM jo adhama prakRtike bhI nAyaka hone kI bAta kahI gaI hai vaha anucita nahIM hai| 'ekAMkA' isa padase eka dinameM samApta honevAle pAkhyAna-bhAgakA hI isameM varNana honA cAhie yaha dikhalAyA hai| ukti-pratyukti dvArA vaicitrya yukta do pAtroMse, athavA prAkAzabhASitakA avalamba karane vAle eka hI pAtrase yukta 'vIthI' kavi apanI icchAke anusAra banA sakatA hai / mukha tathA nirvahaNa nAmaka do hI sandhi isameM hote haiM / vakrokti prAvise yukta prayodaza vIthyaGgoke nATakAdi [samasta] rUpakoMmeM upayukta honese una sabako upayoginI arthAta vaicitryasampAdikA [vIthI hotI hai| isIlie sabake anta meM usakA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai| sahasroM prakArako vakroktiyoMse yukta honeke kAraNa hAsya tathA zRGgArako sUcanAmAtra honese isako kaizikovRttihIna kahA jA sakatA hai| isameM uttama, madhyama tathA madhama nAyakoM ke [apanI-apanI rucike anukUla] aneka prakArake vakrokti-bhavoMkA [sAmAjikako] zAna 1. tyekAdaza /
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 64-65, sU0 141-142 athAsyA aGga sAnyabhidhIyante-- [ sUtra 141 ] - vyAhAro'dhibalaM gaNDaH prapaJcAstrigataM chalam / prasatpralApo vAklI nAlikA mRdavaM matam / [26] 4 // udghAtyakAvalagite prathAvaspanditaM smRtam 242 ] bhAratIvRttivartIni vIthyaGgAni trayodaza / / [30] 65 // etAni trayodaza vIthyaGgAni vividha vakroktyAdirUpatvAd bhAratyAM vRttau vartanazIlAni / ata eva vIthyapyeSAmaGgAnAM zraGgIbhUtA bhAratIvRttyekadezaH // [ 26-30] 64-65 / / (1) tatra prathamaM vyAhAraH [ sUtra 142 ] - pranyArthA bhAvidRSTirvA vyAhAro hAsyalezagIH / 1: anyo'rthaH prayojanaM yasyAH, bhAvinI vA bhaviSyantI dRSTirdarzitaviSayo'rtho yasyAH sA / hAsye lezapradhAnA gIrvANI / vividho'rtha Ahriyate'nayeti vyAhAraH / tAnyArthI yathA mAlavikAgnimitre lAsyaprayogAvasAne mAlavikA nirgantumicchati / C karAyA jAtA hai // [ 28 ] 63 // aba isa [ vIthI ] [ sUtra 141 ] - 1. vyAhAra, 2. adhibala, 3. gaNDa, 4. prapaJca, 5. trigata, 6. chala, 7. prasatpralApa, 8. dAkkeli hai. nAlikA, 10. mRdava, 11. uddhAtyaka, 12. zravalagita, 13. avaspandita bhAratI-vRtti meM hone vAle ye teraha vIthIke praGga haiM / [ 26-30 ] 64-65 / / ye terahoM aGga vividha prakArakI vakrokti rUpa honese / [ vAgvyApAra rUpa] bhAratI vRttimeM rahane vAle hote haiM / isIlie ina vIthyaGgoM kI praGgIbhUta 'vIthI' bhI bhAratI-vRttikA hI eka bhAga hai / / [ 26-30] 64-65 / / ke [ teraha ] graGga kahate haiM (1) vyAhAra nAmaka prathama vIthyaGga una [teraha vIthyaGgoM] meMse pahalA 'vyAhAra' hai [ usakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra karate haiM ] [ satra 142 ] -- [ kathita prayojanase ] anya prayojana vAlI prathavA zrAge hone vAle [ kisI vizeSa ] prayojanase hAsyake lezase yukta kahIM gaI vANI 'vyAhAra' | kahalAtI ] hai / [sAmAnya kathita prayojanase ] anya artha, arthAt prayojana jisakA ho athavA bhAvinI arthAt prAge hone vAlI dRSTi arthAt dikhalAe jAne vAlA artha jisakA viSaya ho, isa prakAra kI, hAsyake samparkase yukta vAraNI, [ vyAhAra kahalAtI ] hai / [ vyAhAra zabdakA nirvAcana dikhalAte haiM ] - jisa [vAraNI] ke dvArA vividha prathakA prAhararaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha vyAhAra [kahalAtI ] hai / unameM se prArthaviSayaka vyAhArakA udAharaNa jaise mAlavikAgnimitrameM nRtya prayoga ke samApta honepara mAlavikA bAhara jAnA cAhatI hai| [ usa samaya vidUSaka usako rokatA hunA kahatA hai ki
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________________ kA0 66, sU0 142 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 243 "vidUSakaH--modi ! ciTTha dAva, visumaridaM khu vo kiMci taM tAva pucchisaM / [bhavati ! tiSTha tAvad vismRtaM khalu vaH kiJcit tat tAvat prakSyAmi] / gaNadAsaH-vatse ! tiSTha tAvadupezavizuddhau gamiSyasi / [mAlavikA sthitA] / dhAraNI-godamavayaNaM pi ajjo hiyae pamANIkaredi / [gotamavacanamapi Aryo hradaye pramANIkaroti] / gaNadAsaH--devi mA maivam / devapratyayAt sambhAvyate sUkSmadarzI gotamaH / pazyamando'pyamandatAM yAti saMsargeNa vipazcitaH / paGkacchidaH phalasyeva nikarSaNAvilaM payaH / [vidUSakaM vilokya] kiM vivakSitamAryasya ? vidUSakaH-paDhamaM dAva pekkhage pucch| pacchA jo mae kammabhedo lakkhido taM bhaNissaM / [prathamaM tAvat prekSakAna pRccha, pazcAd yo mayA kramabhedo lakSitastaM bhnnissyaami| gaNadAsaH-bhagavati ! guNo vA doSo vA yathAdRSTamabhidhIyatAm / paribrAjikA-yathA me darzanaM tathA sarvamanavadyam / gaNadAsaH-devaH kathaM manyate ? vidUSaka---Apa jarA Thaharie / Apa kucha bhUla gaI haiM usake viSaya meM pUchatA huuN| garaNadAsa--[mAlavikAkA nRtya-zikSaka guru hai, vaha kahatA hai] vatse ! Thahara jAgro / [vidUSaka jo kucha pUchanA cAhatA hai usakA uttara dekara] upadezakI zuddhatA ho jAnepara jaanaa| [mAlavikA ruka jAtI hai| dhAraNI-[rAjAkI pradhAna rAnI hai vaha mAlavikAkA adhika dera rAjAke sAmane rahanA pasanda nahIM karatI hai isalie kahatI hai ki kyA isa [gotama] mUrkha [vidUSaka] ke vacanako bhI prArya apane hRdayameM pramANa maaneNge| [arthAt isa mUrkhakI bAta dhyAna dene yogya nahIM hai| gaNadAsa--devi ! aisA mata khie| mahArAjake sambandhase [gotama vidUSakameM bhI nRtyako bArIkiyoMko samajha sakanekI kSamatA ho sakatI hai| isalie] gotama sUkSmadarzI ho sakatA hai| dekhie vidvAnke saMsargase mUrkha bhI vidvattAko prApta kara sakatA hai| [jalako] malinatAko dUra karane vAle [katakavRkSake phalake saMsarga se jaise malina jala bhI zuddha ho jAtA hai / [vidUSakako dekhakara Apa kyA kahanA cAhate haiM ? vidUSaka-pahile [jisako isa nRtyako parIkSAmeM nirNAyaka niyata kiyA gayA hai una] prekSaka-mahodayase pUcho, usake bAda maiMne jo kamI dekhI hai usako btlaauuNgaa| ___ gaNavAsa-[parivAjikAse] bhagavati ! [isa mAlavikA nRtyameM ] guNa yA doSa jo prApane dekhA ho use khie| parivAjikA--jahA~ taka maiM samajha hU~ saba-kucha ThIka hai / garaNadAsa-rAjAse] mahArAjako kyA sammati hai ?
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________________ nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 66, sU0 142 rAjA - vayamapi svapakSaM prati zithilAbhimAnAH saMvRttAH / garaNadAsaH -- deva ! adya nartayitA'smi / dhAraNI - diTTyA pekkhagArAdharoNa. [garaNadAsamavalokya] ajjo vaDhadi / [diSTyA prekSakArAdhanena Aryo vardhate / 244 ] gaNadAsaH - devaparigraho me vRddhihetuH / [vidUSakaM vilokya] vadedAnIM yat te manaH karSati / 3 vidUSakaH -- paDhamovadesadaMsaNe paDhamaM baMbharaNassa pUyA icchiduvvA, sA tae laMghidA / [prathamopadezadarzane prathamaM brAhmaNasya pUjA evyA, sA tvayA laMghitA / ] parivrAjikA ho prayogAbhyantaraH praznaH ! [sarve prahasanti mAlatI smitaM karoti ] / " ityayaM nAyakasya vizrabdhanAyikAdarzanArthaM prayukto hAsyalezakAritvAd vyAhAraH / bhAvidRSTiryathA ratnAvalyAM dvitIye'Gka rAjA - hamArA bhI apane pakSa meM [arthAt mAsavikAkI pratidvaMdvinIke viSaya meM] abhimAna nahIM rahA [ mAlavikAkI jIta huI ] / garaNadAsa -- deva ! Aja maiM nartayitA [ saccA nRtya-zikSaka kahalAnekA adhikArI ] hU~ / [ kyoMki Apa mere kArya se santuSTa hue haiM] / dhAraNI - saubhAgyase prekSaka [prarthAt nirNAyaka ] ko prasanna karake prApakI [ vRddhi] vijaya ho rahI hai / garaNadAsa --- prApakA sevaka honA hI merI vRddhikA kAraNa hai / [ vidUSakakI zrora dekhakara], acchA, aba tumhArA mana kyA kahatA hai so batAo ? vidUSaka -- pahilI bAra upavezakA pradarzana karate samaya [arthAt apanI kalAkI parIkSA dete samaya ] pahile brAhmaraNadevatAko pUjA karanI cAhie so prApane nahIM kI haiN| paribrAjikA - proho ! prayogakI bar3I bArIkIkA prazna hai / [ saba loga jorase ha~sane lagate haiM / mAlavikA muskarAtI hai / ] " yaha nAyaka [rAjA] ko vizrabdha rUpase [ adhika kAla taka ] nAyikA ko dikhalAne [ rUpa anyArtha ] ke lie [vidUSaka dvArA ] tanika hAsyakArI [ vacana kahA gayA hai isalie yaha vyAhAra [kA udAharaNa ] hai / bhAvidRSTi [rUpa dvitIya prakArake vyAhArakA udAharaNa] jaise ratnAvalIke dvitIya zra meM rAjA [ kahate haiM] yaha zloka zleSayukta hai / isameM die gae vizeSaraNa latA aura nArI donoM pakSoMmeM lagate haiN| rAjA samadanA nArI-sI dIkhanevAlI latAko dekhakara kaha rahe haiM ki isakI ora dekhane se mahArAnI samadanA nArIkA avalokana mAnakara avazya nArAja hoNgii| aura Age calakara isI prasaMga meM samadanA sAgarikA ke sAtha rAjAko dekhakara mahArAnIkA mukha krodhase lAla ho jAtA hai / isalie isa zloka meM jo 'kopavipATaladyuti mukhaM devyAH kariSyAmyaham' kahA haiM vaha bhAvidRSTi viSayaka hAsyalezokti honese vyAhAra nAmaka vIthyaGgakA udAharaNa hai / zloka
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________________ kA0 66, sU0 142 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 245 rAjA-uddAmotkalikAM vipANDuraruci prArabdhajRmbhAM kSaNA dAyAsaM zvasanodgamairaviralairAtanvatImAtmanaH / "adyodyAnalatAmimAM samadanAM nArImivAnyAM dhruvaM pazyana kopavipATalA ti mukhaM devyAH kariSyAmyaham // " atra rAjJA vAsavadattA prati bhAvyarthadarzanaM hAsyenoktam / / anye tu vartamAnapratyakSArthavAcakaM hAsyalezakaraM vaco vyAhAramicchanti / yathA mRcchakaTyAM vidRSako gaNikAyA vasaMtasenAyA gRhaM pravizan vasaMtasenAyA mAtaraM dRSTvA pRcchti| "vidRpakaH-kA esA baMdhulA ? [kA eSA baMdhulA ?] ceTI-esA ajjuAe jaNaNI attiyaa| [eSA AyoyA jananI attikA] / vidUSakaH-jadi mare tA sIyAlasahassassa pajjattikA / atha kiM edaM pavesiya' duvArasohA nimmavidA ? Adu ukvaMdaveNa pavesidA ? kA artha nimna prakAra hai--- "pracura utkalikAoM [nArI pakSameM priyamilanako utkaNThAoM aura latApakSameM kaliyoM se paripUrNa, [nArI pakSameM priyaviyogake kAraNa aura latApakSa meM phUloMse ladI hone ke kAraNa dhavalakAntivAlI, z2ambhAyukta [aura 'prArabdhaz2ambhI' meM 'jammA' padase nArI pakSameM jambhAI tathA latApakSameM kusumoMkA vikAsa artha lenA cAhie ] aura nirantara honevAle vAyuke jhoMkoMse [nArI pakSameM 'zvasanodgamaiH' kA artha dIrgha nizvAsa aura latApakSameM isakA artha vAyuke jhoMke lenA cAhie] se apane prAyAsa [ nArI pakSameM apane duHkha tathA latApakSameM apane kampana ] ko prakAzita karatI huI anya nArIke samAna [tulya vizeSaNoMvAlI] isa udyAnalatAko dekhatA humA prAja maiM nizcaya hI devI [mahArAnI] ke mukhako krodhase prAraktavarNa kara duuNgaa|" isameM rAjAne vAsavadattAke prati bhAvI arthakA darzana [arthAt prAge honevAlI ghaTanA] ko hAsyake rUpameM kahA hai / [isalie yaha bhAvidRSTi rUpa 'syAhAra' nAmaka vIthyaGgakA udAharaNa hai| anya loga to vartamAna pratyakSa prarthaka bodhaka hAsyamaya vacanako vyAhAra kahate haiM / jaise mRcchakaTikameM vasantasenA vezyAke ghara meM praviSTa hote samaya vasantasenAko mAtAko dekhakara vidUSaka pUchatA hai "vidUSaka - yaha [bandhulA] raMDI kauna hai ? ceTo-yaha AryA [vasantasenA] ko mAtA attikA hai| vidUSaka-- yadi [yaha] mare to hajAroM zRGgAloMke lie [bhojanArtha paryApta hai| aura yaha to batalAyo ki kyA isako [makAna ke bhItara] praviSTa karaneke bAda dvArakI zobhAkA nirmANa karavAyA thA athavA Uparase uThAkara bhItara lAye the [kyoMki vaha itanI adhika moTI hai ki dvArameMse to yaha bhItara pA nahIM sakatI hai / 1. ptimi|
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________________ 246 ] darpaNam kA0 66, sU0 143 [yadi tadA zrRMgAla sahastrasya paryAptA / atha kimetAM pravezya dvArazobhA nirmAtA ? athavA skaMdena pravezitA ?] ceTI - ayya ! mA ettiyaM zranekkhasu / attikA cAuthie 'bAdhayadi / [ Arya ! mA etAvadanvIkSasva / attikA cAturthikena bAdhyate ] vidUSakaH - bhayavaM cAutthiya maM pibaMbharaNaM anukaMpehi / iti [ bhagavan cAturthika ! mAmapi brAhmaNamanukampasva] / " yathA vA nalavilAse lambastanI kApAlikIM prati vidUSakaH-"ekaM dAva me saMsayaM bhaMjehi / maha baMbhaNIe mAyA sthUlakuTTiNI jA pADaliputte vasadi sA kiM tumaM, Adu annA kA vi / ityAdIti / [ekaM tAvanme saMzayaM bhaGgava / mama brAhmaNyA mAtA sthUlakuTTinI yA pATaliputre vasati sA kiM tvam ? utAnyA kApi ? ]" (2) prathAdhibalam - [sUtra 143 ] - mitho jalpe svapakSasya sthApanAdhibalaM balAt // // [31] 66 // mithaH parasparaM jalpe uktipratyuktikrame kriyamANe svapakSasya khAbhyupagamasya parasparaprajJopajIvanabalAt sthApanA sughaTitatvaM kriyate yatra tadadhikabalasambandhAdadhibalam | ceTI- zrArya ! itanA hI [moTA inako ] mata smjho| mAtAjI [ zrAjakala ] cAturthika [ cauthe dina zrAnevAle jvara] se pIr3ita hai [ isalie dubalI ho gaI hai ] / vidUSaka - he bhagavana cAtuthika ! [ yadi ApakI kRpAse yaha itanI moTI hai to phira ] mujha brAhmaraMgake UparabhI kRpA kIjie / " yaha vartamAna pratyakSa arthakA bodhaka hAsyakara vacana hai / [athavA ] jaise nalavilAsa meM lambastanI kApAlikA ke prati vidUSaka [ kahatA hai ] - "vidUSaka - mere eka saMzayako dUra kro| [ yaha batAo ki ] merI brAhmaNIkI [arthAt merI patnIkI] sthUlakuTTinI nAmakI mAtA jo paTanAmeM rahatI hai vaha kyA tuma hI ho, athavA koI aura hai ? ityadi [ bhI vartamAna pratyakSa artha viSayaka hAsyakara vacana honese isa prakArake vyAhArakA udAharaNa hai / " (2) 'adhibala' nAmaka dvitIya vIthyaGga aba 'adhibala' [ nAmaka dvitIya vithyaGgakA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM ] - [sUtra 143 ] -- paraspara vArtAlApa meM balapUrvaka apane pakSakI sthApanA karanA 'adhivala' [kahalAtA ] hai / [31] 66 / . 'mithaH' arthAt paraspara, 'jalpa' arthAt ukti pratyukti ke krama meM [ kathanopakathanake karanemeM ] * apane pakSa arthAt prapane siddhAntakA paraspara buddhikA pravalambana kara jo sthApana arthAt yuktiyuktatva siddha kiyA jAtA hai vaha adhika balakA sambandha honese 'adhibala' [kahalAtA ] hai / 1. vANI / 2. mUla /
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________________ dvitIyo vivekaH [ 247 yathA kRtyArAvaNe prathame'Gka sItAveSadhAriNyA 'zUrpaNakhayA saha saMvAde [nepathye] -- kA0 66, sU0 143 ] " hA bhrAtarlakSmaNa ! paritrAyasva mAM paritrAyasva / [iti zrutvA 'zUrpaNakhA mohamupagatA / tasyAM ca mUDhAyAM] lakSmaNaH -- Arye ! samAzvasihi samAzvasihi / zUrpaNakhA - [ akSiNI unmIlya sakrodhaM ] zraH araNanja ! ajja vi tumaM ciTThasi yyeva / aho ! dANi si tumaM nissaMso nigviNo ya ciTThadu dAva bhAduyasiNeho, kadha raNAma ikkhAjakulasaMbhaveNa mahAkhattieNa bhaviya evaM tae vavasiyaM ? gaM bhaNAmi evabhakkaMdato sas vina uvekkhIyadi kiM puraNa prajjautto ? [ : anArya ! adyApi tvaM tiSThasyeva / zraho idAnImasi tvaM nRzaMso nighRNazca * tiSThatu tAvad bhrAtRsnehaH, kathaM nAma ikSvAkukulasambhavena mahAkSatriyeNa bhUtvaivaM tvayA vyavasitam ? nanu bhaNAmi evamAkrandan zatrurapi nopekSyate kiM punarAryaputraH / iti saMskRtam ] | lakSmaNaH-Arye ! nanu tvadartha eva AryeNa sthApito'smi / zUrpaNakhA - kumAra ! evaM mama attho kado hodi / evaM ca ahaM parirakkhidA homi / tA savvadhA anna yyeva de ANi abhippAyaM lakkhemi / ityAdi / [kumAra ! evaM mamArthaH kRto bhavati ! evaM cAhaM parirakSitA bhavAmi ? tatsarvathAnyameva te'niSTamabhiprAyaM lakSayAmi / iti saMskRtam ] / " 'yathA vA raghukliAse jaise kRtyArAvaraNa meM prathama prameM sItAkA veSa dhAraNa kie hue zUrpaNakhAke sAtha saMvAdameM [arthAt saMvAvake avasarapara ] nepathyameM " he bhAI lakSmaNa ! mujhe bacAmro, bacAo / [aisA sunakara zUrpaNakhA mUcchita ho jAtI hai ] maura usake mUcchita ho Anepara lakSmaraNa [kahate haiM]- zrAyeM ! dhairya dhAraNa karo / zUrpaNakhA - [kheM kholakara krodhapUrvaka kahatI hai] are duSTa anArya ! tuma abhI lar3e hue hI ho / are ! taba to tuma bar3e krUra aura nirlajja [ pratIta hote] ho / bhAIke snehakI bAta jAne bhI do, to bhI ikSvAkukulameM utpanna mahAn kSatriya hokara tumane yaha kaise kiyA ? [aba taka tuma gae kyoM nahIM ?] maiM kahatI hU~ ki isa prakAra pukAranepara zatrukI bhI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai [zatrukI rakSAke lie bhI turanta jAnA cAhie thA ] phira prAryaputrakI to bAta hI kyA hai ? lakSmaraNa - zrAyeM ! ApakI hI rakSAkelie mujhe prAyaM [ rAmacandra ]ne niyukta kiyA hai / zUrpaNakhA - kumAra ! kyA isa prakAra merA kAma hogaa| aura kyA isa prakAra merI rakSA hogii| isalie maiM tumhArA kucha aura hI aniSTa abhiprAya dekhatI huuN| [jisake kAraNa tuma abhI taka nahIM gae ] / " athavA jaise raghuvilAsa meM - 1. sUpaM /
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________________ 248 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 66, sU0 143 "mayaH-deva ! sItApahAramatitarAM jugupsate lngkaalokH|| rAvaNa:- [sAkSepam ] sItApahAramatitarAM jugupsate lakAlokaH ? mayaH-[sabhayam ] atha kim / rAvaNa:-[ sAvahelam ]--- aviditapathaH premNAM bAhyAnurAgarujAM jaDo, vadatu dayitAmaitrIvandhyo yathApratibhaM jnH| mama punariyaM sItA rAjyaM sukhaM vibhavaH priyaM, hRdayamasavo mitraM mantrI ratidhRtirutsavaH / / [punaH sakhedam ] Arya ! kimekamasya pAmaraprakRterlaGkAlokasya vicAracAturIvaimukhyamudbhAvayAmi asyAM prema mameva vAGmanasayoruttIrNamanyasya ced, vaidehyAM nayanakalAlavaNaprArohabhUmau bhavet / kApeyaM parirabhya sa prakaTayannuluNThabhUyaM haThAt , kiJcit kAmitamAdadhIta, kRtavAn vedhAstu mAM rAvaNam / / aparathA punarAye ! ahaMyunikarAgraNIravagaNayya dharmArgalAM, prasahya yadi jAnakImabhirameta laGkApatiH / 'maya-[rAvaraNase] deva ! laGkAvAsI loga sItAke apaharaNakI pratyanta nindA karate haiN| rAvaNa----[krodhapUrvaka] prArya ! kyA laGkAvAsI loga sItAke apaharaNako atyanta nindA karate haiM ? maya-[DaratA huA] aura kyaa| rAvaraNa [anAdara pUrvaka] --- premamArgako na samajhanevAle, anurAgako pIDAkA anubhava karane meM akSama, aura priyajana kI maitrIse rahita, mUrkha loga apanI samajhake anusAra cAhe jo kheN| para mere lie to yaha sItA hI rAjya, sukha, vaibhava, priya, hRdaya, prAraNa, mitra, mantrI, dhairya aura prAnanda saba-kucha hai| [phira khevapUrvaka kahatA hai] prArya ! ina pAmara-prakRti vAle laGkAvAsiyoMkI avicArazolatAko kyA kahU~ yadi vANI aura manako sImAko pAra kara jAne vAle mere [premake ] samAna kisI aurakA kevala netroMse prAsvAdana karane yogya lAvaNyake aMkurako janmabhUmi sItAmeM [merA sA] prema ho jAya to vaha nizcaya hI [usako] jabaradastI pakar3akara AnandAtireka pUrvaka vAnaratA [vAnarake samAna kAma-pravRtti ko prakaTa karatA huA kucha [adbhuta kAma-vyApAra karane lgtaa| yaha to kaho ki vidhAtAne mujhe [atyanta dhairyazAlo, rAvaNa banAyA hai [ki maine apane hAthameM hone aura usake lie itanA kaSTa uThAnepara bhI abhI taka usake sAtha balAtkAra nahIM kiyA hai / nahIM to he prArya !abhimAniyoMkA agraNI laGkApati, dharmamaryAdAkA parityAga karake jAnakIke sAtha
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________________ kA067, sU0 144 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 249 amuSya nanu rodasIvijayaniSNadoSNaH sami nmRgavyarasikastadA ka iva nAma vaitaNDikaH ! // . mayaH-[apavArya mndodrii| prati] vatse / yathAvasthitamabhidhAne lApatau kimataH paraM vijJApayAmi / iti / " kecittu 'anyo'nyavAkyAdhikyoktiH spardhayA'dhivalaM bhavet' iti paThanti / etadapyobhedAdanena saMgRhItamiti // [31] 66 // (3) atha gaNDa:[sUtra 144]-gaNDo'kasmAd yadanyArtha prastutAnugata vacaH / anyAbhiprAyeNAkasmAt pratyuktaM prativacanatayAnuccAritamapi prativacanarUpatayA prakrAntena yat sambaddha vacanaM, tad duSTArthagarbhavAd duSTazoNitagarbhagaNDa iva 'gaNDaH' / yathottaracarite"rAmaH--[sItAmavalokya] iyaM gehe lakSmIriyamamRtavatirnayanayorasAvasyAH sparzo vapuSi bahulazcandanarasaH / ayaM bAhuH kaNThe ziziramasRNo mauktikasaraH kimasyA na preyo yadi paramasahyastu virahaH // balAt ramaNa karane lage to dyAtA-pRthivIko vijaya karanemeM samartha bhujadaNDa vAle, usake sAtha yukha-mRgayAkA rasika kauna bAdhaka bana sakatA hai ? maya----[aura koI na suna sake isa prakAra---apavArya---mandodarIke prati vatse ! [yaha bAta to] laGkApati ThIka hI kaha rahe haiM taba maiM aura kyA kahU~ ?" yahAM paraspara saMvAdameM rAvaNane yuktiyoM ke balase prabalatAke sAtha apane pakSako sthApanA kI hai| prataH yaha 'adhibala' nAmaka dvitIya vodhyaGgakA udAharaNa hai| koI loga spardhAke kAraNa eka-dUsarese bar3hakara vAkyoMke kayanako 'pradhibala' kahate haiN| arthameM bheda na honese [arthAta paryataH isI pUrva lakSaNa vAle adhibalake samAna honese] usakA bhI antarbhAva isI [pUrvokta lakSaraNameM] ho jAtA hai / / [31] 66 // (3) gaNDa nAmaka tRtIya vIthyaGga 3-aba 'gaNDa' [nAmaka tRtIya vIthyaGgakA lakSaNAdi karate haiM]-- [sUtra 144] anyArSaka honepara bhI prastutase sambaddha ho jAne vAlA jo bacana akasmAt kahA jAya vaha 'gaNDa' kahalAtA hai| anya abhiprAyase akasmAt bolA gayA jo bacana pratyuttarake rUpameM uccArita na honepara bhI, prakRtake sAtha pratyuttara rUpameM saMgata ho jAtA hai vaha, aniSTa arthako apane bhItara lie hue honese gande khUnase bhare hue phor3eke samAna 'gaNDa' kahalAtA hai| jaise uttararAmacaritameM "rAma [sautAko dekhakara] yaha [sItA] ghara meM lakSmI ke samAna hai, yaha netroM ke lie amRtako zalAkAke samAna [sukhada hai / isakA yaha [zItala] sparza zarIrameM pracura candana rasake tepake samAna hai| isakA
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________________ 250 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA067, sU0 144 pravizya-pratIhArI] deva uvasthido [deva upsthitH|] rAmaH-ayi ! kaH ? pratIhArI-devassa AsannaparicAro dummuho iti [devasya AsannaparicArako durmukhaH] iti // " atrAkasmAt pratIhAravacanamanyAbhiprAyaprayuktaM prastutarAmavacasA saMyujyamAnatvAd 'geddH'| yathA vA bAlikAvaJcitakekaMsaH-riSTastAvadudapragavikaTaH zailendrakalpo vRSaH, saptadvIpasamudrajasya payasaH zoSakSamA puutnaa| kezI vAjitanuH khurairvighaTayedApannagAnmedinI, sAdhaM bandhubhirevamUrjitabalaM kaH kaMsamAskandati / [nepathye) jo annao pasUo anneNa ya vaDhio mhupphvo| kaNho so parauTTho mArei na koi dhArei // [yo'nyataH prasUto'nyena ca vardhito madhuprabhavaH / kRSNaH sa parapuSTo mArayati na ko'pi na dhArayati / ]" yaha bAhu galemeM zItala aura cikanA hAra hai / isakA kaunasA bhAga priya nahIM hai ? [saba kucha hI priya hai] / kintu yadi kucha asahya hai to vaha isakA viyoga hai| [praviSTa hokara] pratIhArI-veva ! upasthita hai| rAma-are kauna ? [upasthita hai| pratIhArI-pApakA prAsanna paricAraka durmukha / " isa [saMvAda] meM anya abhiprAyase prayukta [arthAt dumukhake prAgamanako sUcanA deneke abhiprAyase kahA gayA] bhI pratIhArIkA vacana ['yadi paramasahyastu virahaH' isa prastuta rAmavacanake sAthake-sAtha mila jAnese 'gaNDa' [nAmaka vothyaGgakA udAharaNa bana gayA hai / athavA jaise 'bAlikAvaJcitaka' meM - "kaMs-bar3e-bar3e sIMgoMse bhayaGkara riSTa, mahAn parvatake samAna vRSa, sAtoM dvIpoMke samudroMmeM honevAle sAre jalako sokha jAnemeM samartha pUtanA, [ye saba mere sahAyaka haiM] / aura prazva-rUpadhArI kezI apane khuroMse pAtAla taka bhUmiko khoda DAla sakatA hai isa prakArake bandhuoM [sahAyakoM ke kAraNa pratyanta zaktizAlI kaMsako kauna parAjita kara sakatA hai ? . [nepathyameM] jo kisI dUsarese utpanna humA aura kisI dUsarese pAlA gayA [arthAta devakI-vasudeva kA putra aura nandake dvAra pAlA gayA kRSNa] vaha atyanta balazAlI [paripuSTa, madhuse utpanna] mAdhava kRSNa mAra rahA hai aura koI bacAnevAlA nahIM hai|" raMgabhUmimeM praviSTa [kaMsa rUpa] pAtrake dvArA paThita vacanake sAtha mila jAne vAlA yaha nepathya-paThita aniSTArtha sUcaka vacana gaNDa [kA udAharaNa bana gayA hai|
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________________ dvitIyo vivekaH [ 251 idaM raMgamadhyapraviSTapAtrapaThitena vacasA nepathyapaThitamaniSTArthasUcakaM saMyujyamAna cUlikAgaNDaH / yathA vA satyaharizcandra ko0- 67, sU0 144 ] " rAjA - kapibjala ! puro gatvA vilokaya, AzramaH kiyati dUre ? [' yadAdizati devaH ityabhidhAya kapinjalo niSkrAntaH] rAjA ! [sakhedam ] - viG mAM bhraNavighAtinaM sakaluSaM dhig jIvitaM me'khilakSoNIlo kakaropatApajanitA dhig dhig mamaitAH zriyaH / puNyAste karuNAmRtA manaso ye nAma vAcaMyamAH, hastAropitazarmaNi pratikalaM vRttAH zubhe karmaNi // kuntala ! vayamidAnIM sarvasvaparityAgamIhAmahe / [ pravizya ] kapibjalaH - deva pratyAsannaM pazya - rAjA - kiM sarvasvaparityAgam ? kapinjalaH - nahi, munInAmAzramam / " iti / " isa zloka meM mukhya rUpase vasantameM honevAle kokilake viyogiyoM ko mAra DAlanevAle arthAt atyanta santApadAyaka kalaravakA varNana hai / parantu prakRta meM kaMsako mAranevAle kRSNa ke sAtha bhI usakA sambandha hai / 'anyataH prasUtaH', 'anyena vardhitaH', 'parapuSTaH' Adi saba pada kokilake vAcaka bhI hote haiM aura kRSNaparaka bhI / kokilakA nAma 'parabhRta' bhI hai / kyoMki kokila apane baccoM kA pAlana kaunoMke dvArA karAtA hai| kRSNa bhI parabhRta dUsareke dvArA pAle hue haiM / 'kRSNa' tathA 'madhuprabhavaH' pada bhI kokila pakSa tathA kRSNa donoMmeM lagate haiM / yaha kokila viyogI janoM ko santApadAyaka hotA hai / mukhya rUpase yahA~ usakA hI ullekha hai / kintu manyArthaka honepara bhI vaha vAkya prastuta kaMsake vacana ke sAtha mila gayA hai / isalie yaha gaNDakA udAharaNa bana gayA hai / athavA jaise satya harizcandrameM-- "rAjA - kapiJjala jarA dhAge bar3hakara dekho ki Azrama kitanI dUra hai ? [jo prAjJA, kahakara kapiJjala bAhara calA jAtA hai] / rAjA- - [khedapUrvaka]-- merI isa lakSmIko dhikkAra hai / bhrUNahatyA karane vAle mujhako dhikkAra hai / mere pApI jodhanako dhikkAra hai / sAre bhUmaNDala ke logoMko karoM dvArA santApa dekara prApta kI gaI karuNA zrArdra hRdaya vAle aura mauna dhAraNa karane vAle jo [munigarA ] anAyAsa sukha pradAna karanevAle [hastAropitazarma riNa] zubha kAmoM meM pratikSaraNa lage rahate haiM ve dhanya haiM / kuntala ! aba hama sarvasva darityAga kara [muniyata graharaNa karanA ] cAhate haiM / kapiJjala - [ praviSTa hokara ] deva ! samIpa zrA gayA hai usako dekhie / rAjA-kyA ! sarvasva parityAgako [ dekhU] ? kapiMjala -- jI nahIM, muniyoMke zrAzramako / " isameM anya abhiprAyase kahA gayA kapiJjalakA vacana, prastuta rAjAke vacanake sAtha
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________________ 252 ] (4) atha prapana: [ sUtra 145 ] - prapaJcaH sastavaM hAsyaM mitho mithyaikalAbhakRt / [32] 67 // yathA ratnAvalyAM rAjA kadalIgRhe citragatAM sAgarikAM pazyan susaGgatAyA darzane phalakaM pracchAdya tAmAha nATyadarpaNam " rAjA - susaGgate kathamihastho bhavatyA jJAtaH ? susaGgatA -- bhaTTA na kevalaM tuvaM, samaM cittaphalaeNa savvo vRttaMto mae jANido, tA gaDaya devIe nivedaissaM / [ bhartaH ! na kevalaM tvaM, samaM citraphalakena sarvo vRttAnto mayA jJAtaH, tad gatvA devyai nivedayiSyAmi / iti saMskRtam ] | vasantakaH -- ( apavArya) bho ! savvaM saMbhavIyadiM / muharA khu esA gabbhadAsI, tA kiMci dahaya paridosehi gaM / [ bho / sarvaM sambhAvyate / mukharA khalu eSA garbhadAsI, tat kiMcid datvA paritoSaya enAm ] / / [ kA0 67, sU0 145 rAjA- - [ susaGgatAyA alakAn pramArjayan ] susaMgate ! krIDAmAtrakamevaitat / tathApi nAkAraNe tvayA devI khedayitavyA / idaM ca te pAritoSikam / [iti karNAbharaNaM dadAti ] | susaGgatA - [praNamya sasmitam ] bhaTTA pasAdo me karaNAbharaNe / bhartaH ! prasAdo me kararNAbharaNena / " ityAdi / atra rAja- susaGgatayormitho 'devyai nivedayiSyAmi' iti hAsyam / 'bhaTTA pasAdo' iti stavasahitamekasya rAjJaH sAgarikAlaGgamalAbhakAraNaM prapaJco'sadbhUtatvAt / susaGgatAkarNAbharaNalAbhastu mukhyasAdhyaM pratyanupayogitvAnna vivakSitaH / milakara bhAvI aniSTakA sUcaka ho gayA hai / isalie yaha bhI gaNDakA udAharaNa hai / isake pUrva patAkA sthAnake rUpameM bhI isakA varNana A cukA hai / 4 aba prazna [ nAmaka caturtha vIthyaGgakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 145 ] - kisI ekako lAbha pradAna karane vAlA, stuti sahita mithyA hAsya prapaJca [kahalAtA ] hai / / [32] 67 // jaise ratnAvalI meM, kadalIgRhameM sAgarikAke citrako dekhate hue rAjA, susaMgatAko dekhakara citrakalakako Dhakakara [ usase kahate haiM ] - rAjA- - susaMgate ! hama yahA~ baiThe haiM yaha tumako kaise mAlUma huA ? susaMgatA - he svAmin ! na kevala zrApa, apitu citraphalaka ke sahita samasta vRttAnta mujhako mAlUma ho gayA hai| so maiM jAkara devI se kahU~gI / vasantaka [ dUsarA na suna pAe isa prakAra - zrapavArya - rAjAse kahatA hai ] are ! saba kucha ho sakatA hai / yaha garbhadAsI bar3I vAcAla hai isalie ise kucha dekara santuSTa karo / rAjA - [susaMgatAke bAloMko saMvAratA huA ] susaMgate ! yaha saba to kevala khela mAtra hai phira bhI tuma devIko vyartha hI kaSTa mata denA / lo yaha tumhArA pAritoSika hai / [ yaha kahakara kAnokA AbhUSaNa detA hai] / susaMgatA - [muskarAtI huI praNAma karake ] he svAmin ! yaha kararNAbharaNa mujhe puraskAra meM de rahe haiM / " ityAdi / isameM 'devIse jAkara nivedana karUMgI' [yahA~se lekara ] 'bhartaH ! yaha [karAbharaNa merA ]
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________________ kA0 67, sU0 145 ] dvitIya viveka: [ 253 kecit tvasadbhUtena pAradAryAdinaipuNyAdinA yo'nyo'nyastavo hAsyahetustaM prapacamAhuH / yathA- "raMDA caMDA dikkhidA dhammadArA majjaM maMsaM khajjae pijjae vA / bhikkhA bhojjaM cammakhaMDaM ca sejjA kolo dhammo karasa no bhAdi rammo | [raNDA caNDA dIkSitA dharmadArA, madyaM mAMsaM khAdyate pIyate vA / bhikSA bhojyaM carmakhaNDaM ca zayyA, kaulo dharmaH kasya no bhAti ramyaH // " iti saMskRtam] anye tu dvayorlabhaM vinA mithyArUpaM hAsyaM saMstavayuktaM prapaJcatvena manyante / yathA prayogAbhyudaye-- "taraGgadattakaceTI- ammo ayaM khu eso saMcArimaM uvahAsapaTTaNaM kAyyabhaMDIravo ido yevA gacchadi / [aho ayaM khalvepa saMcariSNUpahAsapatnaM Aryabha eDIrava ita evAgacchati / iti saMskRtam / vidUSaka -- upasRtya bhodI ! sAgadaM te / [bhavati / khAgataM te] / neTI - [ svagatam ] parihAsaissaM dAva NaM / [ prakAzam ] ko dANi esa amhA puraskAra hai' [ yahA~ taka ] yaha stuti sahita; rAjA aura susaMgatAkA paraspara hAsya hai| eka arthAt rAjAko sAgarikAko prApti rUpa lAbhakA kAraNa hai / aura mithyA vyavahAra rUpa honese prapaJca hai / susaMgatAko kararNAbhararaNakI prApti [prayaJjake lakSaNameM kahe hue 'ekalAbhakRt padase yahA~ ] mukhya sAdhyake prati anupayukta honese vivakSita nahIM hai / kucha loga prasadbhUta paradArAbhigaman zrAdike naipuNyake dvArA jo eka-dUsarekI stuti hAsyakA kAraNa hai usako prapaJca kahate haiN| jaise utkaTa [ kAmavega vAlI] raMDiyA~ [ jisa dharmameM] dIkSAprApta dharmadArA [ samajhI jAtI] haiM, madya aura mAMsa [svecchA-pUrvaka] khAyA-diyA jAtA hai / [jisa dharmameM] bhikSA ho bhojana hai, aura carmakA Tukar3A hI zayyA hai aisA kaula [ vAmamArgI sampradAyakA ] dharma kisako sundara [ zrAkarSaNa karane vAlA] nahIM lagatA hai / isameM kaula dharmake anuyAyI kisI sAthIkA upahAsa karate hue usameM paradArAbhigamana yAdi dikhalAkara usakI hAsyakara stuti kI gaI hai isalie yaha dUsare lakSaNa ke anusAra prapaJcakA udAharaNa hai / anya loga to donoM [ meMse kisI ] ke lAbhake binA hI prazaMsAyukta mithyA hAsyako prapaJca kahate jaise prayogAbhyudayameM --- "taraMgadattakI dAsI - are saJcaraNazIla upahAsa - nagara rUpa yaha kArya bhaNDoraka idhara hI prA rahe haiM / vidUSaka - [pAsa Akara ] zrApakA svAgata hai /
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________________ "54 ] nATyadarpaNam pesaNayAro ceDau ti|| [parihAsayiSyAmi tAvadenam / ka idAnImeSo'smAkaM preSaNakArakazceTaka iti / vidUSakaH-ahaM ghaDadAsINaM sAmigo / ___ [ahaM ghaTadAsInAM svAmikaH] / ceTI-kiM ceDau tti bhaNide kuvido tumaM / [ki ceTaka'iti bhaNite kupitastvam] vidUSaka :-ko dANi viseso ghaDadAsINaM kubhadAsINaM ca ? ka idAnIM vizeSo ghaTadAsInAM kuMbhadAsInAM ca] ? ceTI-mA kuppa bhaTTautto tti bhaNisaM / [mA kupya, bhartR putra iti bhaNiSyAmi / vidUSakaH-bhodI ! turva pi mA kuppa ajjA iti bhariNasaM / [bhavati ! tvamapi mA kupya, AryA iti bhaNiSyAmi / ceTI-aho bhaTTauttassa gdii| [aho bhartR putrasya gatiH] vidUSakaH-aho adirUA ajjyaa| [aho atirUpA AryakA]" iti / / [32] 17 // (5) atha trigatam[sUtra 1.46]-trigataM zabdasAmyena bhinnasyArthasya yojanam / __bhinnasya prastutAdanyasya / trigatamanekArthagataM zabdasyAnekArthatvAt / tena dvayartha ceTo-[svagata] isase tanika majAka kara / [prakAza yaha hamArA preSaNa karAne vAlA kauna dAsa hai| vidUSaka--maiM ghaTadAsiyoMkA svAmI huuN| [ghaTadAsIkA artha janmase dAsI hai] / ceTI-kyA ceTa kahanese zrApa nArAja ho gae ? vidUSaka -ghaTadAsI aura kumbhavAsImeM kyA bheda hai ? ceTI-nArAja na hoM aba 'bhataputra' khuuNgii| vidUSaka-pApa bhI nArAja na hoM aba 'AryA' kahA kruuNgaa| ceTI-poho bhaTTaputrako cAla [kasI sundara hai] ! vidUSaka-graho prAryAkA rUpa kasA sundara hai ! donoMmeMse kisIke bhI lAbhake binA yaha mithyA saMstavayukta hAsya vacana hai| yaha dUsare matase prapaJca nAmaka vIthyaGgakA udAharaNa hai / [32]67 // 5 vigatanAmaka paJcama vIthyaGgaaba trigata [kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM] [sUtra 146] - zabdako samAnatAke kAraNa [anekArthaka kadako prastuta arthase] bhinna artha nikalanA 'trigata' [kahalAtA hai| zabdoMko samAnatAke kAraNa [anvArthaka zabdoMse] anya arthako yojanA trigata' kihalAtA hai / jaise 'devIcandragupta' ke dvitIya aMkameM prajAmoMke prAzvAsanake lie rAjA rAma
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________________ kA0 68, sU0 146 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 255 mapi / yathA devIcandragupte dvitIye'Gke prakRtInAmAzvAsanAya zakasya dhruvadevIsampradAne abhyupagate rAjJA rAmaguptenArivadhArthaM yiyAsuH, pratipannadhruvadevInepathyaH kumAra candragupto vijJapayannucyate yathA " rAjA - pratiSThoktiSu na khalvahaM tvAM parityaktumutsahe / pratyaprayauvanavibhUSaNamaGgametad, rUpazriyaM ca tava yauvanayogya rUpam / saktiM ca mayyanupamAmanurudhyamAno devIM tyajAmi balavAMstvayi me'nurAgaH // anyastrIzaMkayA dhruvadevI - yadi bhatti avekkhasi tado maM maMdabhAiNiM pari cacayasi / [ yadi bhaktimapekSase tato mAM mandabhAginIM parityajasi ] / rAjA - api ca, tyajAmi devIM tRNavat tvadantare | dhruvadevI - ahaM pi jIvidaM pariccayaMtI ajjauttaM paDhamayaraM yyeva pariccaissaM / [ ahamapi jIvitaM parityajantI AryaputraM prathamatarameva parityakSyAmi / ' rAjA - tvayA vinA rAjyamidaM hi niSphalam / dhruvadevI - mamAvi saMpada niSphalo jIvalAo suhaparicayapIo bhavirasadi / [mamApi sAmprataM niSphalo jIvalokaH sukhaparityajanIyo bhaviSyati / ]. guptake dvArA dhruvadevIko zakarAjako de denA svIkAra kara lenepara dhruvadevIkA veSa dhAraNa karake zatruke badhake lie jAne vAle kumAra candraguptako lakSya karake kahate haiM rAjA - pratiSThA vacanoMke avasarapara maiM tumako bhulA nahIM sakatA hU~ / maiM [ yadyapi ] devIkA parityAga karane jA rahA hU~ kintu zrabhinava yauvanase ramaNIya tumhArI yaha deha, yauvanake anurUpa isa rUpa-saundarya, aura apane prati anupama premako dekhakara tumhAre prati merA prabala anurAga hai / dhruvadevI - [ candraguptako dUsarI strI samajha kara ] yadi isake premakI apekSA hai to [ isakA artha yaha hai ki apane prati ananya anurAga rakhane vAlI ] mujha mandabhAginIkA parityAga kara rahe haiN| rAjA - aura tumhAre kAraNa [arthAt tuma devIkI dUsare pakSa meM tumhAre premake vazIbhUta hokara ] maiM tRNake samAna [arthAt zakarAjako devIke ve beneko svIkAra kara rahA hU~ ] / dhruvadevI - [prApake isa parityAgase khinna hokara ] maiM bhI apane jIvanakA parityAga karake prAryaputrako pahile hI chor3a dUMgI / rAjA - [ candraguptake prati ] tumhAre binA merA yaha rAjya vyartha hai / dha. badevI- mere lie bhI aba yaha jIvaloka niSphala hai / use maiM saralatA se parityAga kara sakUMgI / rAjA - kintu devI merI vivAhitA patnI hai isalie unake prati mujhe dayA bAtI haiN| rakSA kara ho loge aisA mAnakara devIkA parityAga kara rahA hU~ /
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________________ nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 68, sU0 146 rAjA - UDheti devIM prati me dayAlutA / dhruvadevI -- iyaM ajjautta ! IdisI dayAludA, jaM praNavaraddho jaro gugado evaM pariccaIyAdi / 256 ] [iyamAryaputra ! IdRzI dayAlutA yadanaparaddho jano'nugata evaM parityajyate ] / rAjA - tvayi sthitaM snehanibandhanaM manaH // dhruvadevI - do yyeva maMdabhAgA pariccaiyAmi / [ta eva mandabhAgA parityajye] / rAjA - tvayyupAropitapremNA tvadarthe yazasA saha / parityaktA mayA devI jano'yaM jana eva me // dhruvadevI - haMje ! iyaM sA ayyauttarasa karuNadA / [haMje ! iyaM sA Aryaputrasya karuraNatA ] / sUtradhArI - devi ! pati caMdamaMDalAu cuDulIo, kiM ettha karIyadi / [devi ! patanti candramaNDalAdapyulakAH, kimatra kriyate ] ? rAjA - devIviyogaduHkhArtAstvamasmAna ramathiSyasi / dhruvadevI- viyogadukkhaM pi de akaruNarasa asthi yyeva ? [viyogaduHkhamapi te'karuNasyAstyeva ] ? rAjA - tvadduHkhasthApanetuM sA zatAMzenApi na kSamA ||" iti // etata strIveSadhAricandraguptabodhanArthamabhihitamapi vizeSaNasAmyena devyA strIviSayaM pratipannamiti bhinnArthayojanam / evaM vyarthamapi zleSAdivazAdudAhAryam / dhruvadevI - he prAryaputra ! yaha [AApakI ] aisI dayAlutA hai ki apane prati anurakta aura aparAdhI sevikA [mujha] ko chor3a rahe haiM / rAjA- - [ candraguptake prati ] kintu tumhAre premake kAraNa merA mana tumameM lagA huA hai / dhruvadevI - isIlie mujha mandabhAginIkA parityAga kara rahe haiM ? rAjA -- tumhAre Upara prema [ vizvAsa ] karake tumhAre lie [ zrarthAt tuma devIko rakSA zatruvadha karake avazya kara sakoge aisA mAnakara, devIparityAgakA vacana dekara ] yazake sAthasAtha maiMne devIkA parityAga kara diyA aura yaha prajAjana to mere prajAjana hI Thahare / dhruvadevI - haMje ! yaha AryaputrakI vaha karuNatA hai [ jo mere prati rakhate haiM ] / sUtradhArI - devi ! candramaNDalase bhI yaha ulkApAta ho rahA hai aba isameM kyA kiyA jA sakatA hai / rAjA - devIke viyoga ke duHkhame duHkhI hamako aba [ zatrukA vadha karake devIkI rakSA dvArA ] tuma ho sukhI banAoge / uvadevI - karuNA-rahita Apako viyoga-duHkha banA hI hai ? rAjA - tumhAre duHkhako dUra kara sakane meM vaha tanika bhI samartha nahIM hai / " strI-veSadhArI candraguptako bodhita karaneke lie kahe hue bhI ye saba vacana vizeSaNoMkI samAnatA ke kAraNa dhruvadevIne anya strI-paraka samajha lie haiM isalie yojanA [honese trigata nAmaka vIthyaGgakA udAhararaNa] hai / isI prakAra yaha bhinnArthameM unakI zleSAdike dvArA tIna
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________________ kA068, sU0 146 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 257 athavA zrutisArUpyeNaikasyaiva praznarUpatayA sataH prativacanatayA bhinnArthasya yojnm| yathA vikramorvazyAma sarvakSitibhRtAM nAtha ! dRSTA srvaanggsundrii| - rAmA ramye vanAnte'smin tvayA virahitA mayA // atra prazne mahIbhRtaH prtishbdenaitdevottrm| yadvA zabdo'vyaktadhvanimAtraM, tatsAmyenAnekArthayojanaM 'trigatam' / yathA indulekhAyAM vIthyAm"rAjA-vayasya-- kiM nu kalahaMsanAdo madhuro ? madhupAyinAM nu jhaGkAraH ? hRdayagRhadevatAyAstasyAH nu sanUpurazcaraNaH ? ||iti|" (6) atha chalam[sUtra 147]-vaco'nyArtha chalaM hAsya-vaJcanA-roSakAraNam // [33]98 // proMse sambaddha ]trigata] kA udAharaNa samajha lenA caahie| athavA prazna rUpase sthita eka hI vacanako zabdako samAnatAse uttarake rUpameM lagAnese bhinnArtha meM yojanA ["trigata' kahalAtI hai| jaise vikramorvazI meM (urvazIke cale jAnepara usake viyoga duHkhase pAgala huA rAjA idhara-udhara usako khojatA phiratA hai aura vaha himAlaya parvatase urvazIke viSayameM prazna karatA humA kahatA hai] he samasta parvatoMke svAmin ! isa sundara vana-bhAgameM mujhase alaga huI sarvAGga-sundarI strI [prarthAt urvazI] ko kyA prApane dekhA hai ? isa praznake karanepara pratidhvani dvArA parvatakA yahI uttara hai| parvatakI prorase uttarake rUpameM ina zabdoMkA artha yaha hogA ki he samasta rAjAoMke adhipati [mahArAja] ! 'tvayA virahitA' tumase viyukta huI, sarvAGga-sundarI strIko 'mayA' maiMne isa sundara vana-bhAgameM dekhA hai / isameM prazna kAlameM 'mayA virahitA tvayA dRSTA' yaha anvaya hotA hai / aura uttara-pakSa meM 'tvayA virahitA mayA dRSTA' yaha anvaya hotA hai / isI prakAra 'sarvakSitibhRtAM nAtha' kA artha donoM pakSoMmeM bhinna ho jAtA hai| prazna pakSameM kSitibhRt kA artha parvata aura uttara pakSameM kSitibhRt kA artha rAjA hotA hai / athavA zabdase pravyakta dhvanimAtra [ lenA cAhie ], usakI samAnatAse anekArthakI yojanA 'vigata' [nAmaka vIthyaGga kahalAtA hai| jaise indulekhA [nAmaka] vIthImeM rAjA-he mitra ! kyA kalahaMsoMkA nAda yA madhupoMkA jhaGkAra madhura hai athavA mere hRdayamandirakI usa devatAke nUpura [kI dhvanise yukta] caraNa [adhika madhura haiM ] ? (6) chala nAmaka chaThA vIthyaMga- aba 'chala' [nAmaka anya SaSTha vIthyaGgakA lakSaNa karate haiN| [sUtra 147]-dUsareke lie prayukta, hAsya, vaJcanA yA roSake janaka vacanakA prayoga 'chala' [kahalAtA hai / [33] 98 /
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________________ 258 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 66, sU0 148 prayojanAntareNa prayuktaM yadvacanamanyasya, anyasya hAsya-vaJcanA-roSakAraNaM tadvaanAhetutvAcchalam / yathA "kassa va na hoi roso dahaNa piyAe savvaNaM aharaM . sabhamarapaumagyAiri vAriyavAme sahasu iNhi // [kasya vA na bhavati roSo dRSTvA priyAyAH suvraNamadharam / sabhramarapadmAdhAyiNi vAritavAme sahasvedAnIm // iti saMskRtam ] / " etadvacaH sakhyA bhartR pratyAyanaprayojanenoktaM vidagdhajanasya hAsyaM zvazurAdevazcanAM sapatnyA roSa janayatIti // [33] 18 // (7) athAsatpralApaH satra 148]--asatpralApastattvena hitaM yannAvagamyate / paramArthato hitamupakAraparyavasAyi yadvacanaM avivecakatva-mauAbhyAM tattvena hitatvena naivAvabudhyate avivecakaima khaizca, tat tau prati asato asAdhubhUtasya prlpnmstprlaapH| tatrAvivecakaM prati yathA rAmAbhyudaye dvitIye'Gka "rAvaNa:-prAyazaH zrutameva bhavadbhiryathA kalatramAtrasAdhano'sau tApasaratadapahAra eva tAvannirUpyatAm / na ca kalatrApaharaNAhate puruSAsyAparaM paribhavasthAnamasti / tatra mArIcena sAhAyaka kriymaannmicchaami|| . anya prayojanase prayukta kiyA gayA dUsare vyaktikA jo vacana dUsareke lie hAsya vacanA athavA roSakA kAraNa ho vaha vaJcanAkA hetu honese 'chala' kahalAtA hai / jaise apanI priyAke aparameM [ dantakSatakA ] ghAva dekhakara kisako krodha nahIM pAtA hai ? isalie manA karanepara bhI na mAnane vAlI, aura bhramara-yukta kamalako sUMghane vAlI prava [bhramarake kATa lenese bane praSaravaNake kAraNa apane patike krodha ko bhoga / yaha vacana sakhIne [nAyikAko rakSAke lie usake] svAmIko [yaha vizvAsa dilAne ke lie [ki isake parapuruSa-dvArA pravarataraNa nahIM huA hai apitu bhramarake kATa lenese varaNa hamA hai] kahA jAnepara bhI vidagdha logoMmeM hAsya, zvazurAdiko vaJcanA tathA sapatnImeM roSa utpanna karatA hai / [33] 98 // (7) asatpralApa nAmaka sAtavA~ vIthyaMga : praba asatpralApa [nAmaka saptama vIbhyaGgakA lakSaNAdi kahate haiM / [sUtra 148]-jisa hitakArI vacanako yathArtha rUpameM grahaNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'prasatpratApa' hai| vAstavameM hitakArI prarthAt lAbha pahuMcane vAlA honepara bhI [sunane vAleke] avivekatva athavA mUrkhatAke kAraNa hitakArI rUpase grahaNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai vaha una donoMke prati prasat arthAt ahitakara pralApake samAna honese 'asatpralApa' [kahalAtA hai| . unameMse pravivecakake prati [asatpralApakA udAharaNa] jaise rAmAbhyudayake dvitIyAMkameMrAvaNa-tumane yaha to zAyada sunA hI hai ki usa tApasake pAsa kevala eka strI
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________________ kA0 66, sU0 148 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 256 mArIcaH-svAmin ! jIvato rAmasya paribhava ityazakyametat / na khalu tApasa iti tamavajJAtumarhati devH| anyadeva vastvantaraM kimapi tat / rAvaNaH-[ sakrodham ] AH kiM nAma vastvantaraM tat ? mUr3ha ! yuktyaiva kSatrabandhoH paribhavamasamaM jIvataH kartumicchan, mAyAsAhAyake tvaM nipuNatara iti prArthaye nAsamarthaH / yaccAnyat tatra bajraprahatimasRNitasphArakeyUrabhAjaH, sajjAstrailokyalakSmIhaThaharaNAsahA bAhavo rAvaNasya // " atra mArIcavacanaM paramArthato hitamapi rAvaNena nAvagatam / / mUrkha prati, yathA bhImaTaviracite 'manoramAvatsarAje' vatsarAjAbhyudayazaMsI rumaNvAn pAMcAlamucchettukAmastasya kRtakabhRtyatAM zrito vizvAsotpAdanArthaM vatsarAjAntaraHpuramAdIpya yaugandharAyaNapramukhAnAha "kauzAmbI mama hasta eva parayA zaktyA mayA svIkRtaH, paMcAlAdhipatiH prabhuH sa bhavatAM na jJAyate kvaadhunaa| nanvAdIpita epa mohitaparAnIkena lAvANako, devI samprati rakSyatAmayamahaM prApto rumaNvAn svayam // " hI hai / isalie usakA apaharaNa hI sabase pahale karanA caahie| strIke apaharaNase adhika puruSake lie apamAnakA dUsarA sthAna nahIM hai / isameM mArIca sahAyatA kare aisA maiM cAhatA huuN| . mArIca-svAmin ! rAmake jIte rahate usakA apamAna ho sake yaha asambhava hai| vaha koI sAdhAraNa tApasa hai yaha samajhakara usakI avajJA nahIM karanI caahie| vaha kucha aura hI cIja hai| rAvaNa-[sakrodha hokara are vaha kaunasI dUsarI cIja hai ? mUrkha -- ___ usa nIca kSatriyake jIte rahate hI yuktise usakA apamAna karaneke lie hI, tU SokhA denemeM adhika catura hai aisA samajhakara tumase kahA thA, maiM asamartha hU~ aisA mata smjhnaa| aura vaha jo kucha aura hai usake lie bacake prahAroMse cikane hue bAjUbandoMko dhAraNa karane vAle aura tInoM lokoMkI lakSmIko balAta haraNakara sakanemeM samartha, mere [rAvaNake] bAhu taiyAra haiN| yahAM mArIca kA vacana vAstavameM hitakara honepara bhI rAvaNane [ hitakara ] nahIM smjhaa| mUrkhake pratijaise bhImaTa [kavi vicita manoramAvatsarAjameM vatsarAjakI unnati kI kAmanA karane vAle [mantrI] hamavAn pAzcAlarAjako nAza karanekelie usake banAvaTI bhRtya banakara usako vizvAsa dilAne ke lie vatsarAjake [lAvAraNaka banameM sthita hone ke samaya] antaHpurameM prAga lagAkara yaugandharAyaNa prAvise kahate haiM- kauzAmbIko mere hAyameM hI smjho| atyanta zaktizAlI honeke kAraNa [ usapara nItise hI vijaya prApta karanI hogI aisA mAnakara maiMne pAJcAlarAjako [banAvaTI rUpase) apane svAmI rUpameM svIkAra kiyA hai| prApake meM prabhu [udayana ne mAlUma kahA~ haiN| zakI senAko bhramameM alane vAle maiMne isa lAvANaka [vana] ko prAga lagA dI hai, praba [isa lAvA. 1. mahati /
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________________ 260 ] nATyadarpaNama kA 66, sU0 146 etacca paramArthataH pAMcAlocchedaparaM yaugandharAyaNenAvabuddhama ! vAsavadattayA sambhramakanAmnA yaugandharAyaNAnucareNa ca maukhyAnnAvagatam ! yathA vA vyasaninA rAjaputreNa kiM sukhamiti pRSTe mantriputrazocyate-- __ "sarvadA yo'kSavijayI surAsevanatatparaH / - tasyArthAnAM sukhAnAM ca samRddhiH karagAminI // " etadapi mUrkhatvAt priyAMze pAzakavijaya-madyapAnarUpe gRhyate, na tvindriyavijayadevatArAdhanarUpe hitAMze iti / anye tu bAlotkaNThitAdInAmasambaddhakathAprAyamasatpralApamicchanti / yathA-- "eka trINi navASTa sapta SaDiti vyAluptasaMkhyAkramAH, vAcaH krauMcaripoH zizutvavikalAH zreyAMsi puSNantu vaH / / " yathA vA raghuvilAse sItAvirahito rAmaH - "araNye mAM tyaktvA hariNa ! hariNAkSI kva nu gatA, parAbhUto dRSTvA kathayasi na cenmA sma kathaya / are krIDAkIra ! tvamapi vahase kAmapi ruSaM, yadevaM tUSNIkAmanusarasi vAcaMyama iva // " iti / ekake zivira meM sthita] devIko pApa loga bacA lo [isa bAtakA samAcAra dene ke lie maiM] rumaNvAn svayaM pAyA huuN| pAJcAlarAjake nAzake lie yaha [rumaNvAnakA prayoga hai] isa bAtako yaugandharAyaNane samajha liyA kintu vAsavadattA tathA yaugandharAyaNake sambhrama nAmaka anucarane mUrkhatAvaza nahIM smjhaa| ____ athavA [usI manoramAvatsarAjameM] vyasanI rAjaputrake dvArA sukha kyA hai yaha pUche jAne para mantriputra kahatA hai jo sarvadA apanI indriyoMpara vijaya prApta karane vAlA hai aura devatAoMkI sevAmeM tatpara rahatA hai usake lie prartha aura sukhakI samRddhi hastagata rahatI hai| [yaha isa zlokakA vivakSita artha hai kintu vyamanI rAjaputra] apanI mUrkhatAke kAraNa apane priya aMzameM [prakSavijayI padase] cUtakI vijaya, tathA [surAsevana padasai] madha-sevana artha ko letA hai| indriyavijaya aura devatArAdhana rUpa hitAMzako nhiiN| dUsare loga to asambaddha kathAyukta bAlakoMkI utkaNThA prAdike varNanako prasatpralApa mAnate haiN| jaise / krauJcAri kAtikeyako zizutvake kAraNa asambaddha eka, tIna, nau, pATha, sAta, cha: prAdi saMkhyA ke kramase rahita vANI tumhArA kalyANa kreN| athavA jaise raghuvilAsameM sItAse virahita rAma [kahate haiM he hariNa ! hariNAkSI [sItA] vanameM mujhako chor3akara kahA~ calI gaI hai ? kyA tuma mujhako dekhakara Dara jAnese nahIM kaha rahe ho, yadi aisI bAta ho to Daro mata, batalA do / are kIDAke tote ! kyA tuma bhI nArAja ho gae ho phi mauniyoM ke samAna isa prakAra cuppI dhAraNa kie hue ho|
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________________ kA0 100, sU0 150 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 261 (8) atha vAkkelI[sUtra 146]-praznottaraM tu vAkkelI hAsyA vAk-prativAgapi // [34] 66 ___praznasya praznayoH praznAnAM vottaraM praznottaram / sahAsA chekokti-pratyuktirvA / dvayamapyetad vacanakrIDArUpatvAd vaakklii| yathA "nadInAM meghavigame kA zobhA pratibhAsate ? / bAhyAntarA vijetavyA ke nAma kRtinArayaH ? // " atra 'zraraya' iti ekatra rayAbhAvo, aparatra zatrava iti eka prAtavacanam / evaM bahUnAmapi draSTavyam / etatpraznottaram / chekokti-pratyuktiyathA-- "ko'yaM dvAri ? hariH, prayAhya pavana zAkhAmRgasyAtra kiM, kRSNo'haM dayite, bibhemi sutarAM kRSNAt punarvAnarAt / mugdhe'ha madhusUdano, vraja latAM tAmeva tanvImalaM, mithyA sUcayasItyupetya dhanikAM hrIto hariH pAtu vaH // " (5) vAkkelI nAmaka aSTama vIthyaGgaaba 'vAkkelI' [kA lakSaNAdi karate haiM [sUtra 146] praznottara prathavA hAsyapUrNa uttara-pratyuttara 'vAkkalI' kahalAtI hai [34] 66 / eka praznakA, do praznoMkA, athavA bahuta praznoMkA uttara [yahAM para] praznottara [kahalAtA hai| prathavA hAsyayukta, cAturyapUrNa, ukti-pratyukti [ye donoMhI vacanoMko krIDA rUpa hone se vAkkalI hai] / jaise barasAtake bAda nadiyoMkI kasI zobhA hotI hai ? aura kina bAhya tathA prAntaroMko vijaya karanA cAhie ? 'ye do prazna haiN| ina donoM praznoMkA epha hI uttara dete haiM ki] 'prryH| isameM eka pakSameM [arthAta prathama praznake uttarameM] 'prarayaH' kA artha rayakA prabhAva arthAt vegAbhAva aura dUsare pakSameM 'zatru' yaha [donoM praznoMkA] eka hI uttara hai| isI prakAra bahuta praznoMkA bhI [eka hI uttara] ho sakatA hai| yaha praznotara [rUpa vAkkelokA udAharaNa hai| cAturyapUrNa ukti-pratyukti [kA udAharaNa] jaise are daravAjepara yaha kauna hai ? [yaha dhanikA rAdhikAkA prazna hai| isakA uttara kRSNa dete haiM] hari [arthAt maiM kRSNa huuN| 'hari' zabdakA artha kRSNa bhI hotA hai aura bAnara bhii| kRSNane to hari zamse kRSNa prathaM lekara apanA paricaya diyA thaa| kintu rAdhAne usakA vAnara artha lekara kRSNako uttara diyA ki yadi tuma vAnara hoto] upavanameM cale jaano| yahA~ bandarakA kyA kAma ? [isa para kRSNa phira] he priye ! maiM [bandara nahIM apitu] kRSNa huuN| [isa para rAdhA usakA kAlA bandara arthAt laMgUra artha lekara kahatI hai ki] kAle bandaroMse to maiM bahuta uratI huuN| [isa para kRSNa phira madhusUdana nAmase apanA paricaya dete hue kahate haiM] prarI bhIlI priye ! maiM [laMgUra nahIM] madhusUdana huuN| [rAdhA madhusUdanakA bhramara
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________________ 262 ] nATyadarpaNam kecittu sAkAMkSasya vAkyasya vinivartanaM vAkkelImadhIyate / yathottaracarite -- "tvaM jIvitaM tvamasi me hRdayaM dvitIyaM, sva kaumudI nayanayoramRtaM tvamaGga / ityAdibhiH priyazatairanurudhya mugdhAM, tAmeva zAntamathavA kimataH pareNa ||" [34] 66 // (1) atha nAlikA - [ sUtra 150 ] - hAsyAya vaJcanA nAlI paravipratAraNakAri yaduttaraM hAsyAya hAsyanimittaM nigUDhArthatvAd bhavati sa nAlI vyAjarUpA praNAlikA / yathA ratnAvalyAM sAgarikA citraphalakArthamAgatA kadalIgRhe vatsarAjaM dRSTvA bahiH sthitA susaGgatayocyate- [ kA0 100, sU0 150 "susaGgatA - sahi jassa kae tuvaM AgadA so ettha yUyeva ciTThadi / [ sakhi yasya kRte tvamAgatA so'traiva tiSThati / iti saMskRtam ] / sAgarikA - [sako pamiva ] sahi kassa ? [ sakhi kasya ] ? susaGgatA - [sahAsam ] ayi appasakide gaM pauttamahUsave cittaphalahayassa / artha lagAkara kahatI hai ki ] to phira usI komala latAke pAsa jAo mujhe kyoM dhokhA dete ho isa prakAra dhanikA] rAdhA ke pAsa jAkara lajjita hueM kRSNa tumhArI rakSA kareM / koI loga sAkAMkSa [ zraparisamApta] vAkya vApisa kara lene [arthAt kahate-kahate ] ko roka leneko vAkkelI kahate haiN| jaise uttaracaritameM tuma [arthAt sItA] merI prAtasvarUpa ho, tuma ho merA dUsarA hRdaya ho, tuma netroMke lie kaumudIrUpa aura aMgoMke lie zramRtarUpa ho / isa prakArake saikar3oM priya vacanoMse usa bholI [ sItA] ko zrAzvAsana dekara aba usako [tumane gharase nikAla diyaa| isa bAtako vAsantI Age kahanA cAhatI hai, kintu usako bIcameM hI roka detI hai] athavA cupa raho isake mAge kahane se kyA lAbha ? / / 66 / / [34] (6) nAlikA nAmaka navama vIthyaGga -- aba 'nAlikA' [nAmaka navama vIthyaGgakA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] (sUtra 150 ) majAka karaneke lie dhokhA denA 'nAlI' [kahalAtA ] hai / ghokhA dene vAlA jo uttara hAsyake lie arthAt gUDhArtha honese hAsyakA janaka hotA hai vaha nAlI arthAt bahAnA rUpa [hAsyakI] praNAlikA [honese 'nAlI' kahalAtA / jaise ratnAvalI meM citraphalaka ke leneke lie AI huI sAgarikA kabalIgRhameM vatsarAja udayanako baiThA dekhakara bAhara ruka jAtI hai / taba susaMgatA usase kahatI hai susaGgatA - he sakhi ! jisake lie tuma AI thIM yahIM sthita haiM / sAgarikA - [ kruddha hotI huI sI] he sakhi ! kisake lie [maiM zrAI thI] ? susaGgatA - [ haMsakara ] zrarI apane Apa zaGkA kara lene vAlI ! isa prAnandake avasara para citra phalaka ke lie /
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________________ kA0 100, sU0 151 ] dvitIyo vivekaH [ 263 [ayi AtmazaGkita nanu pravRttamadhUtsave citraphalakasya / kecit tu hAsyahetunopetAM' nigUDhArtharUpAM prahelikAM nAlI manyante / yathA 'bAlikAvaJcitake' pAripAzvika: "tapanIyojjvalakarakaM kuvalayAruci bhAsamAnamAkAze / tejomayaM dinakarAd dvitIyamAcakSva me bhUtam / / " atra nigUDho nAradalakSaNo'rthaH sUtradhAreNAsminneva zloke 'dvitIyamenaM muni pazya'iti caturthapAdAnyathAkaraNena vyAkhyAta iti / (10) atha mRdavam ... [sUtra 151]-vyatyayo guNa-doSayoH / mRdavam guNAnAM doSatvaM, doSANAM ca guNatvaM yenottareNa vyatyayo viparyAsaH kriyate, tanmRdA parapakSamardanena svapakSamavati rakSatIti mRdavam / / guNasya doSIkaraNaM yathA veNIsaMhAre dvitIye'Gke "jayadrathamAtA-jAda ! te khu baMdhuvadhAmarisuddIvidakovA samare aNavekkhiyasarIrA prikmissNti| [jAta ! te khalu bandhuvadhAmarSoddIpitakopAH samare'napekSitazarIrAH parikramiSyanti / iti saMskRtam] kruddha loga hAsyake hetu rUpameM prApta hone vAlI nigUDhAyaM vAlI 'prahelikA' ko 'nAlI' batalAte haiM / jaise bAlikAvaJcitakameM pAripAzvika [kahatA hai / soneke samAna camakate hue karoM [kiraNoM aura dUsare pakSameM hAthoM] vAle, prAkAzameM camakate hue aura pRthivI-maNDalapara ruci na rakhane vAle, sUryako chor3akara tejomaya kisI anya bhUta prANI] ko mujhe btlaao| yahA~ nArada rUpa artha chipA huA hai| sUtradhArane [sUryase bhinna tejomaya] 'ina muniko dekho' isa prakAra caturtha pAdako badalakara [arthAt dvitIyamAcakSva meM bhUtam' ke sthAnapara dvitIyamenaM muni pazya' aisA pATha karake] batalAyA hai| (10) mRdava nAmaka dazama vIthyaGgaaba 'mRdava' [nAmaka dazama vIthyaGgakA lakSaNAdi kahate haiM- . [sUtra 151]-guNa aura doSako badala denA [arthAt guNako doSa, aura boSako guNa banA nA] 'mRdava' kahalAtA hai| jisa uttarase guNoMkA doSatva, aura doSoMkA guNatva isa prakArakA parivartana ho jAtA hai vaha mRdaH prarthAt dUsare pakSake mardana dvArA apane pakSako rakSA pravana] karaneke kAraNa 'mRdava' kahalAtA hai : guraNako doSa banA dene [rUpa 'mRdava' kA udAharaNa] jaise veNIsaMhArake dvitIya aMkameM jayadratha mAtA-are beTA ! bandhu [abhimanyu ke vadhake kAraNa atyaMta kucha hue ve [pANDava loga] apane zarIrakA bhI moha chor3akara [yuddhabhUmimeM] vicaraNa kareMge [isalie unase sAvadhAna hokara lar3anA cAhie / 1pekssaa|
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________________ 264 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 100, sU0 159 rAjA - [ sopahAsam ] evametat / sarvajanaprasiddhamevAmarSitvaM pANDavAnAm / pazya hastAkRSTavilolake zavasanA duHzAsanenAjJayA, pAMcAlI mama rAjacakrapurato gaugauriti vyAhRtA / tasminnamba sa kiM na gANDivadharo' nAsIt pRthAnandano, yUnaH kSatriyavaMzajasya kRtinaH krodhAspadaM kiM na tat / ?" atra dhanurdharatvAdayo guNA doSIkRtAH / yathA nalavilAse " rAjA - devi ! upAlabhyase Abhyantara parijanAparAdhena / damayantI - kaha viya ? [ kathamiva ] ? rAjA - vaktrenduH smitamAtanodadhigate dRSTI vikAsazriyaM, bAhU kaNTakakorakA vibhRtAM prAptA giro gauravam / kiM nAGgAni tavAtitheyamassRjan svasvApateyocitaM, samprApte mayi naitadujjhati kucadvandaM punaH stabdhatAm // " atra stabdhatA stanaguNo doSI kRtaH / rAjA--- - [ upahAsa karatA huA ] acchA yaha bAta / [pANDavoMke kopase hameM DaranA cAhie] kintu pANDavoMkA kopa to saba loga jAnate haiM [ki ve kopa karake bhI merA kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakate haiM ] | dekho merI prAjJAse duHzAsanake dvArA rAjAnoMkI sabhAke bIca meM draupadIke keza aura vastroMke hAthase khIMce jAnepara [ maiM tumhArI gau hU~ merI rakSA karo isa prakAra aneka bAra] draupadIse gau-gau [ye dInatApUrNa zabda ] kahalavA lie| [ draupadI gau-gau kahakara cillAtI rahI] usa samaya kyA gANDIvadhArI arjuna nahIM thA ? athavA kSatriyavaMza meM utpanna hue manasvI yuvakake lie kyA vaha [apanI patnIkA aisA ghora apanA ] lajjA janaka nahIM thA ? ] yahA~ [ prarjunake] dhanurdharatva zrAdi guNoMko doSa banA diyA hai / zrathavA jaise nalavilAsa meM rAjA - prapane bhItarI parijanoMke aparAdhake kAraNa tumako ulAhanA mila rahA hai| damayantI - - kaise ? rAjA - [mere prAnepara tumhArA ] mukhacandra muskarAne lagA, donoM netra [vikAsako prApta ho gae ] khila uThe, bAhunoMmeM romAJca ho zrAyA aura vANI bhArI ho gaI / isa prakAra kyA tumhAre zraGgoMne apanI-apanI kSamatA ke anurUpa merA Atithya yA svAgata nahIM kiyA ? [ arthAt mere Anepara tumhAre anya sAre zraGgoMne merA svAgata kiyA] kintu mere zrAne para bhI yaha tumhArA stana yugala apanI svabdhatA] prarthAt kaThoratA [ aura dUsare pakSameM jar3atA ] ko nahIM chor3a rahA hai / yahA~ stabdhatA [ kaThoratA ] stanoMkA guNa hai kintu usako doSa banA diyA hai / 1 kANDivavaro /
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________________ kA0 100, sU0 151 ] zrapi cAsmadupajJe 'sudhAkalaze' "lacchI gir3I bhUsA apattavijjAraNa sA puro garuI / tatto paDhejja vijjaM zrajammaduI kara sakanno // [lakSmIgRhiNAM bhUSA, aprAptavidyAnAM sA punargurvI / tataH paThed vidyAmAjanmaduHkhakarAM sakarNaH / iti saMskRtam ]" nirvedAda vibudhairvidyA guNo'pi doSIkRtaH / doSasya guNIkaraNaM yathA veNIsaMhAre kaJcukinA saha vivAde" duryodhanaH -- sUktamidaM kasyApi - dvitIyo vivekaH guptaH sAkSAt mahAnalpaH svayamanyena vA kRtaH / karoti mahatIM prItimapakAro'pakAriNAm // yenAtha droNa-karNa-jayadrathAdinihatamabhimanyumupazrutyoccha vasiMtamiva 'nazcetasA / ' atra kSatradharmaM tyaktvA zrabhimanyurnihata ityayaM doSaH, svaprItihetutvena guNIkRtaH / yathA vA nalavilAse " sarveSAmapi santi vezmasu kutaH kAntAH kuraGgIdRzo, nyAyArthI paradAra viplavakaraM rAjA janaM bAdhate / AjJAM kAritavAn prajApatimapi svAM paJcavANastataH, kAmArtaH kva jano vrajet parahitAH paNyAGganAH syurna cet // " aura jaise hamAre banAye hue sudhAkalazameM bhI lakSmI gRhasthoMkA bhUSaNa hai, zraura vidyA na par3he hue kA vaha aura bhI bar3A bhUSaraNa hai / isalie zrAjanma duHkha dene vAlI vidyAko [sakara : bar3e kAnoMvAlA gadahA ] mUrkha hI par3hegA / yahA~ vidyA rUpa guNoMko bhI devoMne nivedake vazIbhUta hokara doSa banA diyA hai| doSako guraMga banA denA jaise veraMgI saMhAra meM kacukI ke sAtha vivAda meM-- duryodhana - yaha kisIkA kathana bar3A sundara hai ki pane [ apakAriyoM arthAt] zatrunoMke prati gupta rUpase prathavA sAkSAt rUpase choTA vA bar3A svayaM yA dUsareke dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA apakAra bhI pratyaMta prAnandadAyaka hotA hai / isIlie Aja droNa, karNa, jayadratha prAdi [sAta mahArathiyoM ] ke dvArA abhimanyuke mAre jAnekA samAcAra sunakara hamArA citta prasanna ho uThA hai / [ 265 yahA~ kSAtra dharmakA parityAgakara ke [sAta mahArathiyoMne milakara ] grabhimanyuko mAra diyA yaha [ dharmaviruddha honese ] doSa honepara bhI apanelie AnandadAyaka honese guraNa banA diyA gayA hai / zrathavA jaise nalavilAsa meM - saba logoM ke gharameM to mRganayanI [sundarI] striyAM kahA~se ho sakatI haiM aura nyAyakArI rAjA dUsaroMkI striyoMko bigAr3anevAle logoMko daNDa detA hai / aura kAmadevane svayaM prajApatise bhI apanI AjJA pAlana karavA lI [ arthAt prajApati sadRza bhI jaba kAmapara vijaya prApta na kara sake taba sAmAnya manuSya kAmapara vijaya prApta kara sakegA yaha to prasambhava hI hai / aisI dazAmeM] yadi vezyAeM na hoM to kAmAtaM-jana [ apanI tRpti ke lie] kahA~ jAya ? 1. upasuteddhasitamiva /
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________________ 266 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 100, sU0 151 bhatra paNyastrItvaM doSaH zRGgArapuSTa yarthaM guNIkRtaH / mapi ca yathA 'sudhAkalaze' tANa namo nigguNaseharANa guNisalahijjajammANaM / niaguNavihalattabhavA siviNe vi na jANa araIu // [ tebhyo namo nirguNazekharebhyo guNizlAdhyamAnajanmabhyaH / nijaguNaviphalatvabhavAH svapne'pi na yeSAmaratayaH / / iti saMskRtam ]" atra nirvedAd guNibhinirguNatvaM doSo'pi gunniikRtH| ubhayamekatra yathA "santaH saccaritodayavyasaninaH prAdurbhavadyantraNAH, sarvatraiva janApavAdacakitAstiSThanti duHkhaM sadA / avyutpannamatiH kRtena na satA naivAsatA vyAkulo, yuktAyuktavivekazUnyahRdayo dhanyo janaH praakRtH|| atra sattvaM guNo'pi doSIkRtaH / prAkRtatvaM tu doSo'pi guNIkRta iti / (11) athodghAtyakam-- [sUtra 151]-parasparaM syAdudhAtyaM gUDhabhASaNam // [35] 100 // ' pRcchaka-prativaktroranyonyaM gUDhArthamukti-pratyukta yAtmaka bhASaNaM udghAte praznAtmake sAdhu udghAtyam / yadA praSTA vivakSitottaradAnasamarthaH kintu yanmamAbhipretaM tad yuktamayuktaM vetyabhisandhAya pRcchati, prativaktA cocitamabhidhatte tadA udghaatymityrthH| yahAM vezyAtva rUpa doSa bhI zRGgArakI puSTike lie guraNa banA diyA gayA hai / paura bhI jaise sudhAkalazameM guriNajana bhI jinake janmako prazaMsA karate haiM una nirgagA-ziromaNiyoMko namaskAra hai| kyoMki apane guNake viphala ho jAnekA duHkha unako svapnameM bhI nahIM hotA hai| yahA~ guriNayoMne vairAgyake kAraNa nirguNatvaM rUpa doSako bhI guNa banA diyA hai| [roSako guraNa banA denA aura guraNako doSa banA denA ina donoMkA ekasAtha udAharaNa jaise uttama kAryoMke karaneke abhyAsI sajjana puruSa lokApavAdake bhayase yantraNAgrasta aura sadA kaSTameM rahate haiN| kintu ucita-anucitake vicArase rahita, isalie kI huI bhalAI-burAIse vyAkula na hone vAle mUrkha sAdhAraNa loga dhanya haiN| yahA~ sajjanatA rUpa guNako bhI doSa banA diyA gayA hai aura murkhatA rUpa doSako bhI guraga banA diyA gayA hai| (11) udghAtyaka nAmaka gyArahavA~ vIthyaGga jaba 'udghAtthaka'kA [kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM]-- [sUtra 151]-paraspara gUr3habhASaNako 'udghAtyaka kahate haiM / 100 // praznakartA aura uttara dene vAle donoMke bIca paraspara gUDhArthayukta uttara-pratyuttara rUpa bhASaNa praznAtmaka udghAtameM sAdhu honese 'udghAtyaka' kahalAtA hai| jaba pUchane vAlA svayaM vivakSita uttara denemeM samartha honepara bhI, jo merA abhipreta artha hai vaha ucita hai yA manu.
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________________ kA0 101, sU0 152 ] dvitIyo viveka: yathA 'pANDavAnande' sUtradhAra - pAripArzvikayoruktipratyuktI - "kA bhUSA balinAM kSamA paribhavaH ko yaH svakulyaiH kRtaH, kiM dukhaM parasaMzrayo jagati kaH zlAdhyo ya zrAzrIyate / ko mRtyurvyasanaM zucaM jahati ke yairnirjitAH zatravaH, kaivijJAtamidaM virATanagaracchannasthitaiH .. pANDavaiH // " iti / / [35] 100 // (12) zrathAvala gitam - [ sUtra 152 ] - taccAvalagitaM siddhiH kAryasyAnyamiSeraNa yA / vivakSitaprayojanasyAnyakArya karaNavyAjena sampattiryana tadanyakAryAva laganAdavala - gitam / yathottaracarite samutpannavanavihAradohadAyAH sItAyA dohadakAryamiSeNa janApavAdAdaraNye tyAgaH / [ 267 kecit tu pAtrAntare svavyApAraM nikSipya yat kAryAntarakaraNaM tadavalagitamityAhuH / yathA kRtyArAvaNasyAmukhe " sUtradhAraH - [ niHzvasya ] Arye ! nanu bravImi - cita isa abhiprAya se [ dUsarese ] pUchatA hai, aura uttara dene vAlA ucita uttara detA hai vaha 'udghAtyaka' hotA hai / [ jaise pANDavAnanda meM sUtradhAra aura pAripAzvika ke udita pratyuktikA [nimna prakAra ] haibalavAnoMkA bhUSaNa kyA hai ? [ yaha sUtradhArakA prazna hai ] / kSamA [ balavAnoMkA bhUSaraNa hai yaha uttara ] | apamAna konasA hai ? | yaha prazna hai] jo apane kulake logoM dvArA kiyA jAya vahI zrapamAna hai [ yaha uttara humrA ] duHkha kyA hai ? [ yaha prazna hai ] dUsaroMkA AsarA lenA [duHkha haiM yaha uttara huA ] / saMsAra meM prazaMsanIya kauna hai ? yaha prazna hai ] jisakA loga zrAzraya lete haiM [ yahI ilAdhya hai yaha uttara huA ] mRtyu kyA hai ? [ yaha prazna hai] vyasana [ hI mRtyu hai yaha uttara humrA ] | zokase kauna bacatA hai ? [ yaha prazna hai ] jinhoMne zatrunoMpara vijaya prApta kara lo ve hI duHkha ke pAra ho jAte haiM yaha uttara hugrA ] / isa sabako kisane samajha liyA hai ? [ yaha prazna hai ] virATake nagara meM chipakara rahane vAle pANDavoMne [ina saba bAtoMko ThIka tarahase samajha liyA hai yaha uttara hai ] / (12) avalagita nAmaka bArahavA~ vIthyaGga -- zrama valagita [kA] lakSaNAdi karate haiM ]-- [ sUtra 152] - jahA~ zranyake bahAne se kAryako siddhi ho usako 'pravalagita' kahate haiM / jahA~ anya kAryake karaneke bahAnese vivakSita prayojanakI siddhi ho jAya vaha zranya kAryakA avalambana karanese 'avalagita' kahalAtA hai / jaise uttararAmacaritameM sItaH ke manameM afvahArako icchA utpanna honepara sItAke icchA [dohada ] rUpa kAryake bahAnese janApavAdake kAraraNa sItAko vanameM chor3a denA [ pravalagitakA udAharaNa hai] kucha loga apane kAryako dUsare pAtrake Upara DAlakara anya kArya meM laga jAneko 'zravasagita' kahate haiM / jaise kRtyArAvaraNake prAmukhameM sUtradhAra - [ nizvAsa lekara ] are zrAyeM ! maiM to yaha kahatA hU~ ki
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________________ 268 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 101, sU0 153 vAkprapaThacaikasAreNa nirvishessaalpvRttinaa| svAmineva naTatvena nirviraNAH sarvathA vayam // tad gacchatu bhavatI putraM mitraM vA kamapi puraskRtya kramAgatAmimAM kujIvikAmanuvartayitum / " tataH kramAdAha "parigrahorumAhaughAd gRhasaMsArasAgarAt / bandhusnehamahAvAdidamuttIrya gamyate // " atra svajIvikAM dAreSu nikSipya paralokahetukAryakaraNaM svayamAzritam / apare tu prastute'tyasmin kArye yadanyat svayameva siddhayati tadavalagitam / yathA chalitarAme "rAmaH-lakSmaNa ! tAtaviprayuktAmayodhyA vimAnasthoM nAhaM praveSTuHzaknomi / tadavatIrya gcchaami| ko'pi siMhAsanasyAdhaH sthitaH pAdukayoH puraH / jaTAvAnakSavalayI cAmarIva virAjate / atra bharatadarzanakAryAntarasyaivameva siddhiriti / (13) athAvaspanditam[sUtra 153]-svecchoktasyAnyathAkhyAnaM yadavaspanditaM tu tat // [36] 101 // bAta banAnA hI jisakA sAra hai isa prakArake, aura sAdhAraNa-sI alpa vRttivAle svAmI jaise naTa-vyApArase hama sarvathA khinna ho gae haiN| isalie putra yA kisI mitrako lekara tuma kulakramAgata isa kujIvikAkA anusaraNa karaneke lie jAgo [maiM to nahIM jAUMgA] / usake bAda phira kramase [mAge calakara kahatA hai parivAra rUpa mahAn grAhoMse bhare hue aura bandhusneha rUpa bhayaMkara bhavaroM vAle isa gRhastha rUpa saMsAra sAgarako pAra karake maiM to jAtA huuN| yahA~ apanI jIvikAko strIke Upara chor3akara [naTa] svayaM paralokake hetubhUta kAryoke karanemeM laga jAtA hai| dUsare loga to jahA~ anya kAryake prastuta honepara anya kArya svayaM hI siddha ho jAya usako 'pravalagita' kahate haiN| jaise chalitarAmameM rAma-he lakSmaNa ! pitAjIse zUnya ayodhyAmeM, maiM vimAnapara baiThA humA nahIM jA sakatA hU~ isalie utarakara cluuNgaa| [mare yahAM to siMhAsanake nIce pAdukAoMke sAmane jaTAdhAraNa kie hue, akSamAlAyukta, aura camara-yukta-sA koI baiThA huA hai| (13) avaspandita nAmaka terahavA~ vIthyaGga aba 'pravaspandita' [kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM][sUtra 153]--svecchAse [arthAt usa vizeSa abhiprAyase na kahe hue [ cana] kA
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________________ kA0 102, sU0 154 ] dvitIyavivekaH [ 266 svecchayA varNanAbhiprAyamAtreNa uktasyAnyathAkhyAnaM yadavaspanditaM zranyArthakathanarUpaM yat tadavaspanditam / cakSuH spandanAdivat antargata sUcanIyasambhavAt / yathA veNIsaMhAre "satpakSA madhuragiraH prasAdhitAzA madoddhatArambhAH / nipatanti dhArtarASTrAH kAlavazAnmedinIpRSThe ||" atra svecchayA zaradvarNanAya haMsavarNanaM sUtradhAreNoktam / etat pAripArzvikena dhRtarASTrasutAnAM duryodhanAdInAmamaGgalArthakathanena anyathAkhyAtam / yathA vA chalitarAme "sItA - jAda ! pabbhAe tummehi aujjhAe gaMtatrvaM / so a rAyA vieNa - paNamidavvo / [jAta ! prabhAte yuvAbhyAmayodhyAyAM gantavyam / sa ca rAjA vinayena praNantavyaH ] lavaH - amba ! kimAvAbhyAM rAjopajIvikAbhyAM bhAvyam ? anya prakArase kathana karanA 'zravaspandita' kahalAtA hai / [36]101 / svecchA se prarthAt sAdhAraNa varNana ke abhiprAyase kahe huekA anya prakAra se kathana karanA prarthAt anya zrarthakA kathana jo hotA hai vaha prakhake phar3akanese antargata abhiprAyake sUcanake samAna honese 'zravaspandita' kahalAtA hai / jaise veNIsaMhAra meM - zaradvarNanake abhiprAyase sUtradhArane 'satpakSA' : zrAdi zloka par3hA hai / usameM 'dhArtarASTrAH ' pada haMsoMke lie zrAyA hai| kintu usase kauravoMke patana rUpa anya prartha kI bhI pratIti hotI hai / yadyapi sUtradhArane isa abhiprAyase nahIM kahA hai kintu pAripAzvikane kauravoMke nAza-rUpa zramaGgalArtha meM usakI vyAkhyA kara lI hai / ataH yaha 'avaspandita' nAmaka vIthyaGgakA udAharaNa hai / ilokakA artha donoM pakSoMmeM nimna prakAra lagatA hai : sundara pakSa vAle [haMsa aura duryodhana ke pakSa meM 'satpakSA' kA artha bhISma, droraNa Adi uttama puruSa jisake pakSa meM haiM isa prakArake kaurava yaha hogA ] jina [ haMsoM] ne [ apanI sthiti se] vizAnoMko pralaMkRta kara diyA hai [zraura kauravoMke pakSa meM jinhoMne sArI dizAgroMko apane vazameM kara liyA hai / ] madake kAraNahI uddhata zrArambha [ vyApAra ] karane vAle dhArtarASTra [zrarthAt haMsa aura kaurava donoM] kAla [ haMsapakSameM zaraddha tu rUpa kAla, tathA kaurava pakSa meM mRtyu rUpakAla ] ke vazIbhUta hokara pRthivIpara gira rahe haiM [ 'patanti' kA artha haMsa pakSameM utaranA aura kaurava pakSameM giranA hai / haMsa zarad Rtu meM pRthivIpara utarate haiM ] / yahA~ sUtradhArane zarad Rtuke varNanake lie svecchAse haMsakA varNana kiyA hai / isako pAripAzvikane duryodhana Adi dhRtarASTrake putroMke zramaGgala-paraka artha meM anya prakArase samajha liyA hai / [isalie yaha 'avaspandita' kA udAharaNa hai ] / athavA jaise chalitarAmameM- sItA - he putro ! kala savere tuma donoM prayodhyA jAnA, aura usa rAjAko vinaya-. pUrvaka praNAma karanA / lava- mAtAjI ! kyA hama donoMko rAjAkA sevaka bana jAnA cAhie ? [ phira hama usako vinayapUrvaka namaskAra kyoM kareM ? ]
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________________ 270 ] nATyadarpaNama / kA0 102, sU0 154 sItA-so khu tumhANaM pidA / [sa khalu yuvayoH pitA] / lavaH -kimAvayo raghupatiH pitA ? sItA-[sAzaGkam ] na khu tu hANaM sayalAi yyeva puhavIe / [na khalu yuvayoH, sakalAyA eva pRthivyAH ] / " iti / etAni ca trayodaza vIthyaGgAni sarvarUpakANAM sarvasandhiSu nibandhanIyAni / sarvasandhisAdhAraNyAdAmukhe'pi bhAvAcca sandhyaGga bhyaH pRthaguktAnIti // [36]101 // atha vyAyogAdau rUpAntare sAmAnyanATakalakSaNAtidezAmAha[sUtra 154] -svAM svAM vaizeSikI hitvA sandhi-vRttyAdikAM sthitim / sAmAnyA nATakasyAnyA vijJeyA ruupkaantre|[37]102|| vaizeSikImasAdhAraNI sandhi-vRttyAdikAM iti AdizabdAdaGkaparimANa-rasanAyakAdiparigrahaH / 'anyA' iti pAtroktivaicitrya-aGkopAya-dazA-sandhyaGgalakSaNanAyakAdiprakRtyaucityAdikA sthitiAyogAdau rUpakAntare nATakapratipAditA jJAtavyA / prakaraNe tu nATakasamAnatvamuktameva / nATikA-prakaraNyoHpunarnATaka-prakaraNAntarbhUtatvAnna kiJcit pRthaga vAcyamiti sarva samanjasam / / [37102 // iti rAmacandra-guNacandraviracitAyAM svopajJa-nATyadarpaNavivRtau prakaraNAdyekAdazarUpanirNayo dvitIyo vivekaH samAptaH // sItA-vaha tumhAre pitA haiN| lava-kyA raghupati hama donoMke pitA haiM ? sItA-[sAzaGka] kevala tumhAre hI nahIM sArI pRthivIke [vaha pitA haiN| ina teraha vIthyaGgoMko sAre rUpakoMke saba sandhiyoM meM dikhalAnA caahie| saba saMdhiyoM meM sAdhAraNa honese, aura prAmukhameM bhI nibaddha honese inako sandhyaGgoMse alaga kahA gayA hai // [36]101 // __aba vyAyoga prAdi anya rUpakoMmeM sAmAnya, nATaka-lakSaNakA prativeza karate hue [granthakAra] kahate haiM [sUtra 154] --apanI-apanI saMdhi tathA vRtti prAdi viSayaka vizeSa sthitiko chor3akara nATakakI zeSa sthiti anya rUpakoMmeM bhI samAna rUpase samajha lenI cAhie / [37] 102 / 'vaizeSikI' arthAt asaadhaarnn| 'sandhi-vRttyAdikAm' isameM prAdi zabdase praka-parimANa, rasa aura nAyaka prAdikA grahaNa karanA cAhie / 'anyA' isa padase pAtroktivaicitrya, aGka, upAya, dazA, sandhyaGga, lakSaNa tathA nAyakAdi prakRtikA aucitya Adi rUpa sthiti vyAyogAdi anya rUpakoMmeM bhI nATaka meM pratipAdita [sthitike samAna] samajha lenI caahie| prakaraNameM to nATakakI samAnatA kahI hI jA cukI hai| aura nATikA tathA prakaraNIke aMtargata honese [una donoMke viSayoMmeM ] alaga kucha kahanekI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai| isa prakAra saba viSaya spaSTa ho jAtA hai / [37] 102 // zrI rAmacandra-guraNacandra viracita svapraNIta nATyadarpaNako vivRtimeM prakaraNAvi, ekadaza rUpakanirUparaNa nAmaka dvitIya viveka samApta humaa|
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________________ atha tRtIyo vivekaH
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________________ atha tRtIyo vivekaH atha rUpakoddezaznokoddiSTAH kramaprAptA vRttayaH prapacyante[sUtra 155]-bhAratI sAtvatI kaizikyArabhaTI ca vRttayaH / rasa-bhAvAbhinayagAzcatasro nATyamAtaraH // [1]103 // puruSArthasAdhako vicitro vyApAro vRttiH| rasa-bhAvAbhinayA vakSyamANAH / tAMstanmayatvena gacchanti / rasa-bhAvAbhinayasambhinno hi sarvo nATye vyApAraH / 'catasra' iti caturbhedatvamanyatamaceSTAMzaprAdhAnyavivakSayA, aparathA'nekavyApArasaMvalitamekameva vRttitattvam / na nAma prabandheSu vyApArAntarAsaMvalitaH ko'pyekAkI kAyiko vAciko mAnaso vA vyApAro lkssyte| kAyikyo hi vyApRtayo. mAnasairvAcikaizca vyApAraiH sambhidyante / zabdollikhitaM manaHpratyayaM vinA raJjakastha kAyavyApAraparispandasyAbhAvAt / vAcikyo mAnasyazca kAyaparinpandAvinAbhAvinya eva / tAlvAdivyApArAbhAve atha nATyadarpaNadIpikAyAM tRtIyo vivekaH vRttinirUpaNa [prathama dvitIya vivekameM rUpakake samasta bhedoMke lakSaNa prAdi kara cukaneke bAda aba rUpakoMkA uddeza [arthAt nAma-parigaNana karAnevAle [arthAt 3.4] zlokoMmeM ['sarvavRttayaH' tathA 'trivRttayaH zabdoMke prayoga dvArA kahI huI vRttiyoM [kI vyAkhyA] kA avasara prAsa honese vRttiyoMkA nirUpaNa [prArambha karate haiN| [sUtra 155]-rasa, bhAva, abhinaya viSayaka bhAratI, sAtvatI, kaizikI aura pArabhatI cAra prakArako vRttiyAM nAnyakI mAtA ke sadRza hotI haiN| [1] 103 / / puruSArthake sAdhaka nAnA prakArake vyApArako 'vRtti' kahate haiN| rasa, bhAva aura abhi. naya kA lakSaNAdi] Age kheNge| [bhAratI prAdi vRttiyA~] tanmaya arthAt rasabhAvAdimaya honese unakA anugamana karatI hai isalie isa kArikAmeM unake vizeSaNake rUpameM 'rasabhAvAbhinayagAH' isa vizeSaNapadakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki nATyameM sArA hI vyApAra rasa, bhAva aura abhinayase yukta hotA hai / [kArikAmeM pAe hue] 'catastraH' isa padase kahA huA caturbhedatva kisI eka vyApArAMzako pradhAnatAko vivakSAse kahA gayA hai anyathA [vAstavameM to] aneka vyApAroMse milA humA vRtti-tattva [arthAt vyApAra] eka hI hotA hai / kyoMki nATakAdi [rUpa prabandhoM] meM [kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika vyApAroMmeMse] koI bhI vyApAra anya cyApAroMke yogake binA nahIM hotA hai| kAyika vyApAra mAnasika tathA vAcika vyApAroMse mizrita hote haiN| kyoMki zabda dvArA nirdiSTa mAnasika jJAnake binA koI sundara kAyika vyApAra sambhava nahIM hai aura mAnasika tathA vAcika vyApAra to kAdhika vyApArake binA ho hI nahIM sakate haiN| kyoMki tAlu Adike vyApArake binA zabdakA
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________________ 274 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 103, sU0 155 vacanAnuccAraNAt, prANAdirUpakAyaparispandAbhAve manovyAmRtyanupalakSaNAcca / manaHzUnyazca vyApAraH kAyiko vAciko vA'raJjakatvAdanibandhanIya eva / vidUSako'pi hAsyA) buddhipUrvakameva visaMsthulaM viceSTate / ataH saMkIrNatve'pi aMzaprAdhAnyApekSayA vRttyshctsrH| nATyasya abhineyakAvyasya mAtara iva mAtaraH / Abhyo hi varNanIyatvena kavihRdaye vyavasthitAbhyaH kAvyamutpadyate / 'nATya' iti ca prastAvApekSam / tenAnabhineye'pi kAvye vRttayo bhavantyeva / na hi vyApArazUnyaM kiJcidvarNanIyamasti / raGgAnantaraM ca nATyamiti raGgasya vyApArazUnyatvenAvRttitve'pi na kazcid doSaH / murchAdau tu vyApArAbhAvena vRttyabhAve'pi na nATyasya vRttimayatvahAniH / bAhulyApekSayA vRttimayatvagyAbhimatatvAditi / / [1] 103 / / / uccAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai / aura prANAdi rUpa kAyika vyApArake prabhAvameM manovyApAroMkA bhI parijJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| [isalie mAnasika tathA vAcika vyApAra donoM kAyika vyApArake sAtha mizrita hote haiN| akele nahIM ho sakate haiN| isI prakAra manovyApArase rahita kAyika yA vAcika vyApAra nIrasa [araJjaka] honese [nATakAdimeM] varNana karaneke yogya nahIM hotA hai| vidUSaka bhI hAsyake lie buddhipUrvaka ho aTapaTI ceSTAe~ karatA hai / isalie [kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika vyApAra rUpa bhAratI Adi cAroM vRttiyoMke paraspara saMkIrNa honepara bhI [usa-usa] aMzakI pradhAnatAko dRSTise cAra prakArako vRttiyA~ [kahI gaI haiN| [mAge kArikAmeM Ae hue 'nATyamAtaraH' padakA artha karate haiM] nAvyako arthAt abhineya kAvyako mAtAke samAna [jananI) honese [vRttiyAM nAvyako] mAtA [kahalAtI hai| kyoMki kavike hRdaya meM varNanIya rUpase sthita [kAyika-vAcika-mAnasika vyApAra rUpa] ina [bhAratI prAdi cAroM vRttiyoM se hI kAvyako utpatti hotI hai [arthAt kavi apane kAvyameM kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika vyApAroMkA hI varNana karatA hai| vaha vividha vyApAra hI kAvyakA janaka hotA hai, aura bhAratI Adi vRttiyAM kAyika. vAdika, mAnasika vyApAra rUpa hI haiN| isalie kAvyako jananI honese unako kAvyako mAtA kahA gayA hai| 'nAdhyamAtaraH' isameM] 'nATya' yaha pada prakaraNa kI dRSTise pAyA hai| [arthAt isa samaya nATakakA nirUpaNa kiyA jA rahA hai isalie yahAM 'nATyamAtaraH' kahA gayA hai| vaise ye vattiyAM kevala nAvya arthAt abhineya kAvyako hI nahIM apitu anabhineya zravya kAvyako bhI mAtA haiM / kyoMki zravyakAvyoMmeM bhI kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika vyApAroMkA hI varNana hotA hai, isalie anabhineya [arthAt zravya] kAvyameM bhI [bhAratI prAdi] vRttiyAM hotI hI haiN| kyoMki vyApArarahita kisI arthakA varNana nahIM hotA hai| mukhya nATakakA prArambha pUrva [nAndIpATha prAdi rUpa] pUrvaraGgake bAda hotA hai isalie pUrvaraGgake [nATyameM varNanIya vyApAroMse rahita hone para bhI koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha pUrvaraGga vAlA bhAga vAstavameM nATakakA aMza nahIM hai| isI prakAra mukhya nATakake bIca meM prAne vAle mUrchA prAdi [ka prasaMgoM meM vyApArAdi na hone se vRttiyoMkA prabhAva honepara bhI nATyake vRttimayatvakI hAni nahIM hotI hai| kyoMki [vRttiyoM ke] bAhulyako dRSTise vRttimayatvakA kathana kiyA gayA honese [kahIM thor3ese bhAgameM vyApArazUnyatA honese koI hAni nahIM hotI hai| mUrkhAdi prasaMgoMmeM vRttyabhAva honepara bhI nAvya
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________________ kA0 104, sU0 156 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 275 atha bhAratyA lakSaNamAha[sUtra 156]-srvruupkgaaminyaamukh-prrocnotthitaa| prAyaHsaMskRtaniHzeSarasADhayA vAci bhAratI // [2]104 // sarvarUpakeSu abhineyAnabhineyeSu gamanazIlA prAyastanmayatvAd varNanAyAH / AmukhaprarocanayorutthitaH sambhavo yataH / prAyo bAhulyena saMskRtena sarvarasaizca dIptAH / vRttimaya hI mAnA jAtA hai| yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai] // [1] 103 // (1) bhAratIvRttikA nirUpaNa isa prakAra pichalI kArikAmeM vRttiyoMkA sAmAnya lakSaNa karane ke bAda aba Age bhAratI Adi cAroM vRttiyoM meM se eka-eka vRttikA lakSaNa kreNge| pichalI kArikAmeM yaha kahA thA ki cAroM vRttiyAM kAyika, vAcika tathA mAnasika vyApAra-rUpa haiM isI dRSTi se Age ina cAroMke lakSaNa kreNge| isa inameM se bhAratI vRtti vAcika vyApAra-rUpa aura sAtvatI vRtti mAnasika vyApAra rUpa hotI hai| zeSa kaizikI tathA prArabhaTI donoM vRttiyAM kAyika vyApArarUpa hotI hai| kAvya aura nATya meM vAcika vyApAra kI pradhAnatA honeke kAraNa sabase pahale vAcika-vyApAra rUpa bhAratI-vRttikA lakSaNa nimna prakAra karate haiN| aba bhAratI [vRtti kA lakSaNa kahate haiM ---- [sUtra 156]-samasta rupakoMmeM rahane vAlI, prAmukha tathA prarocanAse usthita [arthAt nATya ke prArambhika bhAgoM meM vizeSa rUpase upasthita] sampUraNaM rasoMse paripUrNa, tathA prAyaH saMskRta [bhASA kA avalambana karane vAlI, vAgvyApAra-pradhAna vRtti 'bhAratI' [vRtti kahalAtI] hai / [2] 104 [kArikAmeM pAe hue 'sarvarUpakagAminI' padakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yaha bhAratI vRtti amineya paura aMnabhineya [arthAt dRzya-kAvya aura zravya-kAvya] saba rUpakoMmeM jAne vAlI [saba prakArake kAvyoMmeM vidyamAna rahane vAlI hai| kyoMki sArA varNana prAyaH usase yukta [bhAratIvRttimaya hotA hai| ['prAmukha-prarocanosthitA' kA artha karate haiM ki prAmukha tathA prarocanA [rUpa kAvya yA nATya bhAgoM kA udaya jisase hotA hai / [zamukha aura prarocanA kisako kahate haiM yaha prazna yahA~ upasthita hotA hai| isakA lakSaNa pragalI do kArikAmoM meM kareMge] / prAyaH arthAt adhikatara saMskRta bhASA aura saba rasoMse yukta [bhAratI dRtti hotI hai / bhAratIvRttike isa lakSaNa meM mukhyarUpase prAmukha tathA prarocanA bhAgoM meM bhAratIvRtti kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai aura usako prAya: saMskRtabhASA tathA saba rasoMse yukta kahA gayA hai / yahA~ 'prAyaH' zabdakA jo prayoga kiyA gayA hai usakI granthakAra yaha vyAkhyA karate haiM ki yadyapi bhAratIvRttikA mukhya-sthAna prAmukha tathA prarocanA bhAgoMko mAnA gayA hai kintu inase bhinna sthAnoMpara bhI isakA sthAna pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra mukhya rUpase bhAratIvRtti meM saMskRtabhApAkA hI prayoga hotA hai kintu vaha ekadama anivArya nahIM hai| kabhI-kabhI saMskRtase bhinna prAkRtabhASAkA bhI bhAratIvRttimeM avalambana kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI bAtako granthakAra agalI paMkti meM nimna prakAra kahate haiM ..
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________________ 276 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 104, sU0 156 prarocanA-prAmukhayoranyatrApi ca rUpakaikadeze prAkRtAdipAThena bhAratIdarzanAt prAyograhaNaM arthavat / sarvarUpakabhAvitvAdu rasAnAM ca vAgjanyatvAd sarvarasAtmakatvam / ye tu bhAratyAM bIbhatsa-karuNau prapannAstaiH sarvarasapradhAnavIthI-zRGgAravIrapradhAnabhANahAsyapradhAnaprahasanAni svayameva bhAratyAmeva vRttau niyantritAni nAvekSitAni / 'prarocanA' aura 'prAmukha' [bhAgoM se anyatra bhI rUpoMke kisI ekavezameM [bhAratI vRsike dekhejAnese] aura [saMskRtabhASAko chor3a kara] prakRta prAdi [bhASA] ke pAThase bhI bhAratIvRttike dekhe jAnese [kArikAmeM kiyA gayA] 'prAyaH' zambakA grahaNa sArthaka hai| rasoMke saba rUpakoMmeM vyApaka hone aura vANI dvArA vyakta honese [vAgvyApArapradhAnA bhAratI vRtti] sarvarasAtmaka hotI hai / jo [dazarUpakakAra dhanaJjaya] bhAratIvRttimeM [saba rasa na mAna kara] kevala bIbhatsa aura karuNa rasa mAnate haiM unhoMne svayaM apane Apa hI bhAratIvRttimeM niyantrita sarvarasapradhAna [vItho] zRGgAra aura vIrarasa pradhAna [bhAraNa], tathA hAsyarasa-pradhAna [prahasana kramazaH] vIthI bhANa tathA prahasanoM kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA hai [isIlie ve bhAratIvRttimeM kevala bIbhatsa aura karuNarasako hI mAnate haiN| kintu unakA yaha siddhAnta ThIka nahIM hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki dhanaJjaya jo kevala bIbhatsa tathA karuNarasameM bhAratIvRttikA prayoga mAnate haiM unhoMne bhI 'bItho', bhAraNa tathA prahasanake lakSaNoM meM bhAratIvRtti kA samAveza mAnA hai| sUtra 140 meM 'vIthI' kA lakSaNa karate hue 'sarvasvAmirasA vothIta likhakara prakRta granthakArane vIthI meM samasta rasoMke rakhanekA vidhAna kiyA hai / 141 ve sUtra meM bIthoke teraha aMgoMkA varNana karate hue phira 'bhAratIvRttivartIni vIbhyaMgani trayodaza' likhakara vIthImeM 'bhAratI' vRttikA samAveza kiyA hai| isa prakAra vIthImeM samasta rasoMke sAtha bhAratIvRttikA prayoga mAnA jAtA hai| isake atirikta 116veM sUtrameM 'bhANa-pradhAnabhRGgAra-vIrauM' likhakara bhANameM zRGgAra tathA vIrarasako pradhAnatAkA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| aura usake sAtha hI 130veM sUtra meM 'vRtti mukhyA ca bhAratI' likhakara bhAgameM bhAratIvRttiko mukhyatA pratipAdana kI hai| isalie vIra tathA zRGgArake sAtha bhAratIvRttikA sambandha bhAraNake lakSaNa meM pratipAdana kiyA hai| phira sUtra 131 veM 'hAsyAGgi bhANasadhyaGgavRtti prahasanaM dvidhA' isa prahasanake lakSaNameM hAsyarasako prahasanakA pradhAnarasa tathA bhAgake samAna sandhi, aMka tathA vRttiyoMkA pratipAdana kara prahasanameM bhI bhAratIvRttiko pradhAnatA nirdiSTakI hai| isalie hAsyarasake sAtha bhI bhAratIvRttikA samAveza pAyA jAtA hai / isakA artha yaha huA ki bhAratIvRttikA sambandha prahasanake lakSaNake anusAra hAsyarasake sAtha, bhANake lakSaNake anusAra vIra aura zRGgAra rasoMke sAtha, aura vIthIke lakSaNake anusAra sabhI rasoMke sAtha hotA hai| vIthI, bhAraNa aura prahasanake ye lakSaNa sarvasammata lakSaNa haiN| jo dazarUpakakAra dhanaJjaya prAdi bhAratIvRttikA sambandha kevala bIbhatsa aura karuNa rasase batalAte haiM, ve bhI vIthI bhAraNa aura prahasanake isI prakArake lakSaNa karate haiM / ina lakSaNoM ke anusAra unhoMne bhI vIthI, bhANa tathA prahasanoMko bhAratI vRttimeM niyantrita kara diyA hai| phira bhI ve bhAratIvRttikA sambandha kevala bIbhatsa aura karuNa rasase batalAte haiN| yaha bAta unake apanehI kathanake viparIta ho jAtI hai / isI bAtako granthakArane yahAM 'taiH' vIthI, bhAraNa, prahasanAni svayameva bhAratyA vRttI niyantritAni nAvekSitAni' isa rUpameM likhA hai|
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________________ kA0 104, sU0 157 ] tRtIyo vivekaH / [ 277 _ 'vAci' vAgvyApAraviSaye vaagvyaapaaraatmiketyrthH| bhAratI vAgvyApAraviSaya evetyyogvyvcchedH| tena vAcikAbhinayAtmikA sAttvatyapi bhavati / vRttyantarANi tu sarvathAbhinayaviSayANi / bhAratIrUpatvAd vyApArasya bhAratIti / / [2] 184 / / atha bhAratIsambhavamAmukhaM lakSayati-, [sUtra 157] -vidUSaka-naTI-mArphaH prastutAkSepi bhASaraNam / sUtradhArasya vakrokta-spaSToktairyat tadAmukham // [3]105 // pAripAzvika eva vidUSakaveSadhArI viduusskH| isa sthalakA pATha kucha aspaSTasA hai| pUrva saMskaraNoMmeM 'sarvavIthIpradhAnazRGgAravIra bhAgapradhAnahAsyaprahasanAni' isa prakArakA pATha chapA thaa| usakI koI saGgati nahIM lagatI hai| isameM 'sarvarasapradhAnavIthI-bhRGgArabIrapradhAnabhANa-hAsyapradhAnaprahasanAni' isa prakAra pATha honA cAhie thA, ataH hamane yahI pATha mUla meM diyA hai| ___. 'vAci' arthAt vAgvyApArake viSayame hone vAlI arthAt vAgvyApArAtmaka vRtti 'bhAratI' hI hotI hai| bhAratI vAgvyApArake viSayameM hI hotI hai yaha prayoga-vyavaccheda [kA niyama hai| [isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki bhAratI vRtti vAgvyApArake viSayameM hI hotI hai| anyatra nhiiN| isakA yaha artha nahIM hai ki kevala bhAratI vRtti hI vAgvyApAra-viSayaka hotI hai, anya vRttiyoMkA vAgvyApArase sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie sAttvatI vRtti bhI vAgvyApArAtmikA hotI hai| bhAratI tathA sAsvatI vRttiko chor3akara] anya vRttiyA~ to sarvathA [kAyika] abhinaya rUpa hI hotI haiN| [bhAratIvRttimeM] vyApArake [pUrNatayA] bhAratI rUpa [arthAt vAcikarUpa] honese [isa vRttikA nAma] 'bhAratI' [rakhA gayA hai| isa kArikAkI vyAkhyAmeM 'bhAratI vAgvyApAraviSaya eva ityayogavyavacchedaH' yaha vAkya AyA hai / ise vizeSa rUpase samajhane kI AvazyakatA hai| 'eva' padake prayoga-vyavaccheda, anyayoga-vyavaccheda aura atyantAyoga-vyavaccheda ye tIna artha mAne gae haiM / 'pArtha eva dhanurdharaH' prAMdi vAkyoMmeM jaba eva' pada vizeSyake sAtha saMgata hotA hai taba vaha 'vizeSyasaMgatastvevakAra anyayogavyavacchedakaH' isa niyama ke anusAra anyayogakA vyavacchedaka hotA hai / 'pArtha eva dhanurdharaH nAnyaH' yaha usakA artha hotA hai / isake viparIta jaba 'pArtho dhanurdhara eva' isa rUpameM usakA sambandha vizeSaNa ke sAtha hotA hai to 'vizeSagasaMgatastvevakAro ayoga-vyavacchedakaH' isa niyamake anusAra usakA artha prayoga-vyavaccheda hotA hai / arthAt pArtha meM dhanurdharatva avazya hai| usameM dhanurdharatvakA ayoga-prabhAva nahIM hai| isI prakAra yahA~ 'bhAratI vAgvyApAraviSaya eva' meM vizeSaNake sAtha saMgata honese evakAra ayoga-vyavacchedaka hai / [2] 104 / / bhAratI vRttise sambaddha AmukhakA lakSaNa aba bhAratI [ vRtti ] nirmita [athavA bhAratI vRttike nirmAtA ] prAmukhakA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 157]-sUtradhArakA vidUSaka, naTI athavA pAripAzvika ke sAtha spaSTa rUpase athavA vakra mArgase, prastuta [arthAta nAyakAdi mukhyapAtrake praveza kA sampAdana karanevAlA jo vArtAlApa hotA hai vaha 'prAmukha' [kahalAtA hai // [3]105 // [ naTakA mukhya sahAyaka ] pAripAzvika hI vidUSakakA veSa dhAraNa kara lenese yahA~
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________________ 278 ] nATyadarpaNama / kA0 105, sU0 157 mArpaH pAripAzvikaH / vidUSaka-naTI-mArthairvyastaiH samastairvA saha sUtradhAragya raGgasUtraNAkatuH, sUtradhAraguNAnukArasya vA nATayasthApanAkartuH sthApakaraya, prastutasya kAvyArthasyAkSepi upasthApakaM bhASaNaM vakroktaiH sAkSAd vivakSitArthasyApratipAdakaiH, spaSToktaiH sAkSAd vivakSitArthasya pratipAdakaizca yat svasyAbhiprAyotkIrtanaM tadAmukham / "pAGa maryAdAyAm' tena mukhasandhiM prApya nivartate / 'ISadarthe vA' tata ISanmukhaM mukhasandhisUcakatvAdArambhaH / prastAvanAzabde nApyetaducyate / idaM tAvadAmukhaM nATa yAt pRthagbhUtam / tatra kadAcit raGgasUtrayitaiva zrAmukhArthamanutiSThati, tathA ca dRzyate--'nAndyante sUtradhAraH' / 'nAndyante' ityavayave samudAyopavidUSaka kahA gayA hai / [vaise nAyaka rAjA prAdikA sahAyaka vidUSaka hotA hai usa vidUSakakA yahA~ grahaNa nahIM samajhanA caahie| apitu sUtradhArakA sahAyaka, jo pAripAzvika bhI kahalAtA hai vahI nATakAdike prArambhameM mukhyapAtrakA raGgamaJcapara praveza karAneke lie vidUSakakA dheSa dhAraNa karake sUtradhAra ke sAtha vArtAlApa karatA hai| usI pAripAzvikakelie yahA~ vidUSaka zabdakA prayoga hupA hai yaha graMthakArakA abhiprAya hai| mArSakA artha bhI] pAripAzvika [arthAta sUtradhAra yA naTakA mukhya sahAyaka hai| [yahAM pAripAzvika apane mukhya rUpameM abhipreta hai| pahile usIko vidUSaka rUpameM upasthiti batalAI tho] vidUSaka, naTI aura pAripAzvikoMke. sAtha alaga-alaga athavA eka sAtha sUtradhAra arthAt raGgakI prAyojanA karanevAle [pradhAnanaTa] kA, athavA nAvyArthakI sthApanA karane vAle aura sUtradhArake guNoM kA anukaraNa karane vAle [kintu sUtradhArase bhinna] 'sthApaka'kA prastuta kAvyArthako upasthita karAnevAlA jo bhASaraNa, vakoktiyoMse arthAt sAkSAt rUpase vivakSita arthakA pratipAdana na karanevAle [vacanose], athavA spaSToktiyoMse arthAt sAkSAta rUpase vivakSita arthakA pratipAdana karane vAle vAkyoM se jo [bhASaNa arthAta apane abhiprAyakA kathana karatA hai vaha 'prAmukha' kahalAtA hai| [prAmukha zabdameM prAG upasarga hai| usake do artha hote haiM : eka maryAdA aura dUsarA abhividhi / ye donoM zabda sImA arthake vAcaka haiN| unameM bheda yaha hai ki jo sImA batalAI jAtI hai vaha yadi sImita hone vAle bhAgake andara hI samAviSTa hotI hai to use 'abhividhi' kahate haiM / aura yadi usa taka ho, arthAt usako bAhara chor3akara usake pahile-pahile sImA mAnI jAtI hai to usako 'maryAdA' kahate haiM / jaise yahA~ prAmukhako sImA mukhasandhi paryanta kahI hai| usameM mukhasandhiko bhI prAmukhake bhItara mAnA jAya to AGa abhividhyarthaka aura yadi mukhasandhiko prAmukhase alaga rakhanA abhipreta hai to 'prAGa' kA artha maryAdA hogA / yahA~ prAG maryAdA arthameM hai isalie [ prAmukha ] mukhasandhi taka pahu~cakara [arthAt mukhasandhise prArambha honese pahile] samApta ho jAtA hai / athavA [yahA~ prAGa] 'ISat' artha meM hai isalie ISanmukha [arthAt choTA mukha arthAt ] mukhasandhikA sUcaka honese prArambha [ prAmukha kahalAtA hai ] / isIko 'prastAvanA' nAmase bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha prAmukha [mukhya nATabase alaga hotA hai [mukhya nATakakA bhAga nahIM hotA hai / usameM kabhI [raGgasUtrayitA arthAt sUtradhAra ho svayaM prAmukhameM kie jAne vAle [vArtAlApa prAdi rUpa] kAryako karatA hai| jaisA ki [bhAsa prAdike nATakoMke prArambhameM] 'nAndIke antameM sUtradhAra' [praviSTa hokara prAmukhakA prArambha karatA hai yaha likhA huA dikhalAI detA
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________________ kA0 105, sU0 157 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 27 cArAt pUrvaraGgAnte iti draSTavyam / nAndI hi pUrvaraGgasyAGgam / atra ca pakSe prAmukhArthasya sUtradhAraviSayatvAnmukhasandheH prabhRti kavervyApAraH / hai| yahAM 'nAnyante' isa padameM avayavameM samudAyakA upacAra honese [nAncI pada samasta pUrvaraGgakA bodhaka hai yaha samajhanA caahie| kyoMki nAndI pUrvaraGgakA aGga hai| kintu yahA~ usa praGga yA avayavavAcaka 'nAndI' padase jisakA vaha aGga yA avayava hai usa ajI-rUpa samasta pUrvaraGgakA grahaNa hotA hai / arthAt samasta pUrvaraGgakA vidhAna samApta ho jAnepara sUtradhAra praviSTa hokara mukhya nATakake pAtrake pravezako prastAvanA prArambha karatA hai] isa pakSa prAmukhakA [pratipAdya partha sUtradhArase sambandha rakhatA hai, isalie mukhasandhise pahile-pahile [athavA mukhasandhike prArambha honese pUrva taka jo kucha varNana hotA hai vaha saba ] kavikA vyApAra hotA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki mukhasandhi, mukhya nATakakA aGga hai, isalie mukhasandhise mukhya nATakakA prArambha hotA hai| usa mukhya nATaka vAle bhAgameM jitanA vyApAra hotA hai vaha kavike dvArA variNata honepara bhI kavikA vyApAra nahIM hotA hai apitu jina pAtroMke dvArA usakA kathana hotA hai una pAtroMkA vyApAra hotA hai| kavi kevala usa vyApArako sunAnekA nimitta banatA hai| kintu mukhasandhi yA mukhya nATakakA prArambha honese pahile 'prAmukha' taka kA jo vyApAra hotA hai vaha saba kavikA apanA vyApAra hotA hai / kAvyazAstrake lakSaNagranthoM meM dhvani-bhedoMke nirUparaNake prasaGgameM 'kaviprauDhoktisiddha' aura 'kavinibaddhavaktRprauDhoktisiddha' donoM vyaGgayoMko alaga-alaga mAnA hai / yadyapi kavinibaddha vaktA kI ukti kavike dvArA hI nibaddha hone se kaviproDhokti meM pA sakatI hai kintu svayaM kavikI uktise kavinibaddha vaktA kI ukti ko alaga mAnA gayA hai / isI prakAra yaha kaviNyApAra aura kavinibaddha-vaktRvyApAra ko alaga-alaga mAnakara granyakArane 'prAmukha' takake vyApArako kavi-vyApAra kahA hai| usake prAge mukhya nATakake bhItara hone vAlA sArA vyApAra kavike dvArA vaNita hone para bhI kavi vyApAra nahIM apitu kavi-nibaddha pAtroM yA vaktAoMkA vyApAra hai, yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai| _ 'prAmukha' ke isa prasaGga meM granthakArane sUtradhAra tathA sthApaka, naTI, vidUSaka, pAripAzvika mArSa Adi aneka padoMkA prayoga kiyA hai| nATakakA abhinaya karanevAle naTavargakA pradhAna netA nATyake sAre [sUtra] kA kArya saJcAlana karatA hai isalie. usako 'sUtradhAra' kahA jAtA hai / isa kArya meM sUtradhArake do pradhAna sahAyaka hote haiM / eka naTI aura dUsarA pAripAzvika / naTo sUtradhArakI strI hai . jo usake kArya meM usakI pramukha sahAyikA hotI hai| zeSa naToM meM se jo sUtradhArakA pradhAna sahAyaka hotA hai vaha 'pAripAzvika' kahalAtA hai| sUtradhAra vArtAlApa karate samaya naTIko 'AryA' kahakara aura pAripAzvikako 'mASa' kahakara sambodhana karatA hai / yaha sUtradhAra, naTI tathA pAripAzvika tathA 'mArSa' padoMkI vyAkhyA ho gaI / isI pAripAzvikake lie 'vidUSaka' padakA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai| vaise nATaka meM rAjA Adi mukhya nAyakakA pradhAna sahAyaka vidUSaka hotA hai| usakA kArya rAjAke gupta praNaya-vyApAra prAdive usakI sahAyatA karanA, aura hara samaya rAjAkA manoraJjana karanA hotA hai| yahA~ prAmukhake prasaMgameM jo vidUSakakA nAma liyA gayA hai yaha usa mukhya vidUSakakA grAhaka nahIM hai / apitu
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________________ 280 1 'nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 105, sU0 157 kadAcit sanAndIka raGgamanuSThAya vizrAnte sUtradhAre, tattulyaguNAkRtiH sthApaka zrAmukhamanutiSThati / tathA cAnaGgavatyAM nATikAyAM dRzyate-'pUrvaraMgatyAnte sthApakaH / atra ca pakSe prAmukhAnuSThAne'pi kveaapaarH| sthApakasya sUtradhArAnukAriNo rAmAnukAriNo naTasyeva kavinaiva pravezAt / 'vakrokta' iti ca vIthyaGgAnAmevaMvidharUpANAM vyAhArAdInAM sadbhAvamAheti / spaSToktistvevaM yathA-'nAgAnande nATayitavye kimityakAraNameva rudyate ?' iti // [3]105 // sUtradhArakA mukhya sahAyaka yA pAripAzvika bhI kabhI vidUSakakA-sA veSa dhAraNa karake usI ke samAna kArya karatA huA sAmane AtA hai isake lie hI yahAM vidUSaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| aba eka zabda aura raha jAtA hai 'sthApaka' / sUtradhAra ke samAna hI veSa tathA kAryako karane vAlA usakA koI sahAyaka sthApakake rUpa meM nATakakI prastAvanA karatA hai usako 'sthApaka' kahate haiM / mukhya nATakake prArambha honese pahile aneka prakArakI taiyArI karanI hotI hai / usako pUrvaraGga kahA gayA hai| pUrvaraGgake 15 aGga bharatanATyazAstra meM kahe gae haiN| inhIM meM mAndI pATha bhI eka aGga hai / prAya: nATakoMke prArambha meM sabase pahale 'nAndI' ke zloka likhe milate haiN| bhAsavike nATakoM meM una nAndI-zlokoMkA ullekha nahIM rahatA hai| nAndI vAle zloka nATaka meM likhe gae hoM athavA na likhe gae hoM kintu unakA pATha kiyA avazya jAtA hai| nAndI pATha takakA sArA pUrvaraGgakA kArya nizcita rUpase sUtradhAra hI karatA hai| usake bAda prAmukha yA prastAvanAkA avasara prAtA hai| isa prastAvanAke viSaya meM do prakArako vyavasthA pAI jAtI hai| kabhI to sUtradhAra svayaM hI prastAvanAkA kArya bhI karatA hai / arthAt prastAvanA yA prAmukha dvArA svayaM hI mukhya pAtroM kA praveza karabAkara sUtradhAra raGgamaJcase bAhara jAtA hai| kintu dUsare prakAra kI yaha vyavasthA bhI pAI jAtI hai ki nAndIpATha takakA kArya sUtradhAra svayaM karatA hai| nAndIpAThake samaya sArA naTavarga upasthita rahatA hai / abhinaya karane vAle sAre naTa milakara prArthanA zrAdi karate haiN| usameM mUtradhAra bhI avazya upasthita rahatA hai| kintu usake bAda sUtradhAra svayaM nivRtta ho jAtA hai| usake sthAnapara usake sadRza dUsarA vyakti Akara prastAvanA yA prAmukhakA kArya karatA hai usako 'sthApaka' kahate haiN| isI bAtako granthakAra prAge likhate haiM kabhI to nAndI sahita pUrvaraGgako samApta karake sUtradhAra ke vizrAma kara lenepara usake tulya guNoM aura prAkRtivAlA sthApaka [prAkara] 'prAmukha'kA sampAdana karatA hai| jaise ki 'anaGgavatI' nATikAme 'pUrvaraGgake bAda sthApaka' [praviSTa hotA hai yaha likhA hai / isa pakSameM prAmukhake anuSThAnameM bhI kavikA vyApAra hotA hai| rAmakA anukaraNa karanevAle naTake [pravezake] samAna sUtradhArakA anukaraNa karanevAle sthApakakA bhI praveza kavike dvArA hI karAe jAne ke kAraNa ['prAmukha' bhI kavikA vyApAra hotA hai, lakSaNameM die hue] 'vakrokta' isa padase isa prakArake [arthAt prabhI dvitIya vivekake anta meM kahe hue] vyavahArAdi rUpa vIthyaGgoM kI sattA [prAmukhameM sUcita kI hai| spaSTokti to isa prakAra hotI hai jaise ki 'nAgAnandakA abhinaya karate samaya binA bAtake kyoM rote ho / [3]105]
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 158 ] athAmukhAGgabhUtaM nATyapAtrapravezavidhimAha tRtIyo viveka: [sUtra 158 ] - vAkyArthasamayAhvAnairbhAvoktaiH pAtrasaMkramaH / samayaH kAlaH / zrahnanaM saMjJA / etaiH sUtradhAra-sthApakAbhyAmuktairhetubhUtaiH pAtrazya mukhya nAyakAdibhUmikAdhAriNo naTAdilokasya saMkramaH pravezaH / vAkyArthayonUdyamAnatayA pAtrapravezahetutvam / samayAhvanayostu sUcakatveneti / vAkyena yathA harizcandra - "svaikatAnavRttInAM pratijJAtArthakAriNAm / prabhaviSNurna devo'pi kiM punaH prAkRto janaH // " etadeva paThan harizcandraH pravizati / arthena yathA veNIsaMhAre "nirvANavairadaddanAH prazamAdarINAM, nandantu pANDutanayAH saha mAdhavena / raktaprasAdhitabhuvaH catavigrahAzca svasthA bhavantu kururAjasutA sabhRtyAH // " Amukha aGgabhUta pAtrapravezake niyama [ 281 aba Amukha zraGgabhUta nATyake pAtroMke pravezake vidhiko kahate haiM [ sUtre 158 ] -- [ bhAva arthAt ] sUtradhAra prathavA sthApakake dvArA kahe hue vAkya [prathavA usake] artha, [athavA ] kAla, [ zrathavA ] nAmake dvArA [ nATya ke mukhya ] pAtrakA praveza hotA hai [yA karAnA cAhie] / samaya arthAt kAla / zrAhnAna arthAt saMjJA [nAma ] | sUtradhAra athavA sthApakake dvArA kahe gae ina [vAkya, artha, samaya tathA nAma ] ke dvArA pAtra prarthAt mukhya nAyaka zrAdike veba ko dhAraNa karanevAle naTAdikA saMkrama arthAt praveza hotA hai / vAkya tathA arthakA anuvAda dvArA pAtra praveza prati hetutva hotA hai aura kAla tathA nAmakA sUcaka honese / airs dvArA [praveza] jaise harizcandra meM - "ekamAtra sAttvika vRttivAloM, aura pratijJAta arthako pUrNa karanevAloM [ke kArya ] kA bhagavAna bhI bAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA hai, taba sAdhAraNa manuSyoM [ke bAdhaka bana sakane] kI to bAta hI kyA hai / " [prAmukhameM sUtradhAra paThita] isI vAkyakoM bolate hue [pradhAna pAtra] harizcandra praveza karatA hai / arthake dvArA [ pravezakA udAharaNa] jaise veraNIsaMhAra meM "zatrugroMke naSTa ho jAnese jinakA vara rUpa zragni zAnta ho gayA hai isa prakArake pAMDava loga kRSNa ke sAtha Ananda manAe~ / aura raktase bhUmiko suzobhita karanevAle [ athavA raktebhyaH priyajanebhyaH prasAdhitA dattA bhUyaH, te raktaprasAdhitabhuvaH ] apane priya sevakoMko bhUmi pradAna karanevAle, tathA jinake vigraha arthAt zarIra ghAyala ho gaye haiM [ athavA jinhoMne vigraha arthAt yuddha samApta kara diyA hai] isa prakArake kaurava loga apane bhRtyoMke sahita svarga meM sthita [ athavA svastha zarIra ] hoM / "
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________________ 282 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 106, sU0 158 ityasya vAkyasya chandasA prathitasya caturthapAdena 'svasthA bhavanti mayi jIvati dhArtarASTrA:' ityanenArtha gRhItvA bhImaH / samayena yathA chalitarAme "sAditaprakaTa nirmalacandrahAsaH, prAptaH zaratsamaya eSa vizuddhakAntiH / utkhAya gADhatamasaM ghanakAlamutraM, rAmo dazAsyamiva sambhRtabandhujIvaH // " atra samAnavizeSaNai rAmazabdakIrtanAcca rAmapravezasUcanA | yAnena yathA zrabhijJAnazAkuntale chanda rUpameM prathita isa vAkyake caturtha cararaNake arthako lekara 'svasthA bhavantu mayi jIvati dhArtarASTrAH ' mere jIte rahate koravagaraNa kabhI svastha baiTha sakate haiM ? yaha kahate hue bhImakA praveza hotA hai / " tavAsmi gItarAgeNa hAriNA prasabhaM hRtaH / eSa rAjeva duSyantaH sAraMgeraNA tiraMhasA // " samaya [ke varNana] se [mukhyapAtrakA praveza] jaise khalitarAma meM - isa zloka meM zaratkAlake varNanake dvArA rAmacandrakA praveza karAyA gayA hai| zloka meM kahe hue vizeSa zaratkAla aura rAmacandra donoM pakSoM meM lagege / prathama caraNa meM 'candrahAsa' zabda sliSTa hai / zaratkAla pakSameM usakA artha candramAkA hAsa yaha hotA haiM / aura rAmacandra ke pakSa meM . candrahAsakA artha talavAra hotA hai / caturtha caraNa meM 'saMbhRtabandhujIvaH' meM zaratpakSa meM 'bandhujIva' puSpavizeSakA nAma hai, aura rAmacandrapakSameM usakA artha bandhu arthAt lakSmaNa ke jIvanako bacA lenevAlA hai | tRtIya caraNa meM 'ghanakAlamugraM' meM zaratpakSa meM ghanakAlakA artha varSAkAla hai aura rAmacandra pakSameM usakA artha rAvaraNa hai / zlokakA artha nimna prakAra hai- ''[meghoMke bAhara ] prakAzita nirmala candramA hAsako prApta karane vAlA, [rAmapakSameM naMgI talavArako hAthameM lie hue ] vizuddha kAnti vAlA, yaha zaratsamaya, gAr3ha andhakArayukta [ rAmapakSameM gahana jJAnAndhakArase yukta ] bhayaMkara varSakAla [ rAmapakSa meM varSakAla ke samAna ugra ] ko vinaSTa karake bandhujIva puSpako dhAraNa karatA huA isa prakAra thA gayA hai jaise nirmala naGgI talavArako lie hue vizuddhakAnti aura bandhu arthAt lakSmaNa ke jIvana kI rakSA kara lene vAle rAmacandra bhayaMkara rAvaNa ko mArakara zrAe hoM / " isameM [ zaratsamaya tathA rAmacandra donoM pakSoM meM lagane vAle ] samAna vizeSaraNoMse aura rAma zabdakA kathana karanese rAmacandrake pravezakI sUcanA milatI hai / [ zrAhvAna arthAt] nAmase [pAtrapravezako sUcanAkA udAharaNa] jaise 'zrabhijJAnazAku ntala, meM " [prAmukhaneM sUtradhAra naTIse kahatA hai ] tumhAre manohara gItarAgase yaha maiM aise haraNakara liyA gayA hUM jaise manohara aura pratyaMta vegavAn isa mRgake dvArA yaha rAjA duSyanta [haraNakara liyA gayA hai] / "
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 156 ] tRtIyo vivekaH / [ 283 atra nATya-AmukhayoH sambandhanArtha kavinA bhAvipravezasya pAtrasya yuktyA nAmagrahaNam / pUrvatra samAnavizeSaNabalAnnAmAgatamityanayovizeSa iti / eSAM ca nATyapAtrapravezaprakArANAmanyatama evaikazcamatkArI nibndhniiyH| anyathA pAtrapravezagraMthabAhulyena prastutArthavidhAtaH syAditi / zabdavyApArabAhulyAcca bhAratyaMzabhUtatvamasya / ___evaM prarocanAyAH pUrvaraGgAGgabhUtAyA apIti / pAtrapravezasya pUrvo mAga shraamukhm| uttaraH punarnATayamiti // atha prarocanAM vyAcaSTe[sUtra 156]-pUrvaraGga guNastutyA samyonmukhya prarocanA // [4]106 // . pUrva nATyAt prathama, gIta-tAla-vAdya-nRttAni nATyAdikaM ca pAThyaM vyastaM samastaM ca prayujyate yatra raGga rajanAhetau nATyazAlAyAM sa puurvrnggH| asya ca pUrvaraGgasya pratyAhArAdIni AsAritAntAni nava antarjavanika, gItakAdIni prarocanAntAni ca daza bahirjavanika aGgAni prayojyAni pUrvAcAyairlakSitAni / asmAbhistu svato loka ___ isa [udAharaNa] meM nATya tathA prAmukhakA sambandha jor3ane ke lie kavine prAge hone vAle pAtrake pravezake lie yuktipUrvaka [duSyantake] nAmakA grahaNa kiyA hai [ataH yaha mAhvAna dvArA pAtrapravezakA udAharaNa hai] pahile ['prAsAdita prakaTa nirmalacandrahAsa' prAdi udAharaNa meM] to samAna vizeSaraNoMke balase nAma prApta ho jAtA hai [bhukhyarUpase usameM samayakA hI varNana hai / kintu isameM mukhya rUpase duSyantake nAma hI kathana hai] yaha ina donoM udAharaNoMkA pAtrapravezake ina [cAra] prakAroM meM se kisI eka hI camatkAra-janaka prakArakA pravalambana karanA caahie| anyathA [saba prakAroMkA avalambana karanepara to] pAtrapraveza viSayaka graMthakA vistAra ho jAne se prastuta viSayameM vighna pdd'egaa| isa [prAmukha] meM zabda-vyApArako pracuratA honeke kAraNa yaha bhAratI vRttikA aMzabhUta hai| isI prakAra pUrvaraGgako praGgabhUta prarocanAmeM bhI [zabda-vyApArake bahula honese bhAratIya vRttikA pNgtvhai| [mukhya pAtrake pravezake pahilekA bhAga 'prAmukha' [kahalAtA hai maura [pAtrapravezake] bAdakA bhAga nATya [kahalAtA hai| prarocanA nirUpaNaaba [bhAratIya vRttise sambaddha] 'prarocanA' kI vyAkhyA karate haiM [sUtra 156 }----pUrvaraGga meM [kavi, nATya, sUtradhAra Adi guNoMkI stuti dvArA sabhyoM ko [nATya darzanakelie] unmukha karanA 'prarocanA' [kahalAtI hai / [4] 106 / [pahile kArikAmeM pAe hue pUrvaraGga zabdakA nirvacana dikhalAte haiM] nATyake pahile gIta, vAdya, nRtya nATyAdi aura pAThyakA alaga-alaga prathavA milAkara jisa [bhAga meM raMga prarthAt raJjanAke kAraNabhUta nATyazAlAmeM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai vaha pUrvaraGga kahalAtA hai| isa pUrvaraGgake 'pratyAhAra' se lekara 'prAsArita' paryanta nau javanikAke bhItara, aura gItakAdise lekara prarocanA paryanta daza javanikAke bAhara kie jAnevAle aMgoMke lakSaNa pUrva prAcAryoM ne kie haiN| hamane to unake 1 svataH lokasiddha honekA kAraNa, 2 unake varNanakamake
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________________ 284 "nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 107, sU0 156 prasiddhatvAt , tannyAsakramasya niSphalatvAd, vividhadevatAparitoSarUpasya tatphalasya ca zraddhAlupratAraNamAtratvAdupekSitAni / prarocanA tu pUrvaraGgAMgabhUtApi nATya pravRttI pradhAnamiti lkssyte| . tatra pUrvaraGge guNastutyA prastutaprabandhArthasya prItyAdihetutvaprazaMsanena sAmAjikAnAM zravaNAvalokanotsAhotpAdanaM prakRto'rthaH prakarSaNa rocyate upAdeyatayA dhriyate'nayeti prarocanA / yathA kSIrasvAmiviracite abhinavarAghave"sthApakaH - [saharSam] Arye ! cirasya smRtam / astyeva rAghavamahInakathApavitraM, kAvyaM prabandhaghaTanAprathitaprathimnaH / bhaTTandurAjacaraNAbjamadhuvratasya, kSIrasya nATakamananyasamAnasAram / / " yathA yathA vA raghuvilAse "sItAM kAnanato jahAra vihitavyAjaH purA rAvaNa staM vyApAdya raNena tAM punaratho rAmaH samAnItavAn / niSphala honeke kAraNa, aura 3 vividha devatAoMko prasanna karane rUpa unake phalake kevala bhavAnumoMko dhokhA dene mAtra vAlA honese, unakI upekSA kara dI hai| [pUrvaraGgake una 16 aMgoMmeMse] 'prarocanA' to pUrvaraMgakA aMga honepara bhI nATyameM pravRtti karAne meM mukhya hai isalie usakA lakSaNa [hama bhI] kara rahe haiN| - usa pUrvaraMga [ke 16 aMgoM meM, guraNoMko stuti dvArA prastuta prabandhake arthako Ananda prAdike janaka rUpameM prazaMsA karake sAmAjikoMmeM usake dekhanekA utsAha utpanna karanekelie prakRta prartha jisake dvArA [prakarSeNa rocyate] atyanta rocaka banAyA jAtA hai arthAt upAdeya siddha kiyA jAtA hai vaha 'prarocanA' [kahalAtI hai| jaise kSIrasvAmI viracita abhinavarAghavameM"sthApaka---[saharSa] prAyeM ! bar3I dera bAda yAda prAI rAmacandrako paramotkRSTa kathAse pavitra, aura nATaka racanAmeM prasiddha sAmarthya vAle, bhaTTa indurAjake caraNakamaloMke caJcarIka, kSIrasvAmIkA pradvitIya mahattva vAlA [mabhinava rAghava nAmaka kAvya arthAta] nATaka to vidyamAna hai hI [phira cintA kisa bAtakI hai| sAmAjikoMko prasanna karaneke lie Aja hama loga usI advitIya nATakakA abhinaya prastuta kara sakate haiN|" isameM rAmacandra ke caritra aura kSIrasvAmIko nATaka-racanA-sAmarthyAdiko prazaMsA dvArA sAmAjikoMmeM nATaka-darzanakA utsAha utpanna karanekA yatna kiyA gayA hai isalie yaha parvaraMga kI aMgabhUta prarocanA' kA udAharaNa hai| athavA jaise raghuvilAsameM "pUrvakAlameM chala karake rAvaNa sItAko vanase haraNa kara le gayA thA, usako mArakara rAmacandra phira usako chur3Akara lAe the / kaviyoMko sUkti rUpa mauktika maeiyoMke [utpAdaka ke lie svAti jalake samAna tathA bhu, bhuvaH, svaH tInoM lokoMko mohita karane vAle mohana
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________________ kA0 107, sU0 160 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 285 etasmai kavisUktimauktikamaNisvAtyambhase bhUrbhuvaH svAmohanakArmaNAya sukathAratnAya nityaM namaH // yathA vA nalavilAse "kaviH kAvye rAmaHsarasavacasAmekavatArnalasyedaM hRdya kimapi caritaM dhIralalitam / samAdiSTo nATye nikhilanaTamudrApaTurahaM, prasannaH sabhyAnAM kaTari ! bhagavAnadya sa vidhiH // " iti / iyaM prarocanA pUrvaraGgAt prathamaM pazcAcca nibadhyate / nibandhe cAsyA nAvazyambhAvaniyama iti // [4] / 106 // athoddezaprAptAM sAttvatI lakSayati-- [sUtra 160]-sAtvato sattva-vAgaGgAbhineyaM karma mAnasam / _ sArjavAdharSa-mud-dhairya-raudra-vIra-zamAdbhutam // [5]107 // kamake samAna [rAmAyaNa kI isa sundara kathAratnako namaskAra hai| isameM kathA bhAgakI prazaMsA dvArA usa kathAke prAdhArapara viracita 'raghuvilAsa' nATakake dekhane ke lie sAmAjikoMko protsAhita karanekA yatna kiyA gayA hai / athavA jaise nalavilAsameM "[isa nalavilAsa nAmaka nATakakA nirmAtA sarasa vacanoMkA nidhAna rAmacandra isa kAvyakA [nirmAtA] kavi hai, nalakA manohara dhIralalita aura adbhuta caritra [isa kAvyakA varNya viSaya hai, aura samasta nATya kalAnoMmeM nipuNa mujhako nATya karanekI prAjJA milI hai, [isase siddha hotA hai ki he sundara kaTi vAlI [prAyeM ] ! Aja bhagavAn samyoMke Upara prasanna ho rahe haiN|" isameM granthakArane apane banAe hue navavilAsakI 'prarocanA'ko uddhata kiyA hai| isa prarocanA bhAgameM kavikI bhI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| nATakake prAdhArabhUta pAkhyAna-vastu, aura usakA abhinaya karane vAle naTako bhI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| ina sabako prazaMsA dvArA sAmA. jikoM meM isa nATakake dekhaneke lie utsAha evaM abhiruci utpanna karanekA yatna kiyA gayA hai| isalie yaha bhI prarocanAkA udAharaNa hai| yaha prarocacanA pUrvaraMgake pahile aura pIche. [donoM rUpoMmeM] nibaddha kI jA sakatI hai| aura isake rakhe jAne kA koI prAvazyaka niyama nahIM hai| [arthAt yaha prAvazyaka nahIM hai ki pratyeka nATakameM prarocanA avazya hI rakhI jaae| kavi isa viSayameM svatantra hai| vaha cAhe to prarocanA rakhe cAhe na rkhe| yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai phira bhI adhikAMza nATakoMmeM 'prarocanA' pAI ho jAtI hai // 106 // [4] / . 2 sAtvatI vRttikA nirUpaNa aba uddezakramase prApta sAtvatI [vRtti kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 160]-mAnasika, vAcika tathA kAyika abhinayoMse sUcita, prArjava, gaTaphaTakAra, [prAdharSa] harSa aura dhayaMse yukta, tathA raudra, vIra, zAnta evaM prabhuta rasoMse sambaddha mAnasa vyApAra 'sAtvatI' vRtti kahalAtA hai / [5] 107 /
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________________ 286 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 107, sU0 160 sat sattvaM prakAzaH, tadyatrAsti tat sattvaM manaH, tatra bhavA sAttvatI / saMjJAzabdatvena bAhulakAt strItvam / sattva-vAgaGgAbhineyaM sattva- vAgaGgAbhinayairjJApyam / sattvAbhinayavAgabhinaya - aGgAbhinayayuktaM mAnasaM karma sAttvatItyarthaH / abhinayatrayAbhidhAne'pi mAnasavyApArasya sattvapradhAnatvAt sattvAbhinaya evAtra pradhAnamitarau gauNau / zrata eva sattvazabdaH prathamamupAttaH / Arjava makauTilyam / zradharSo vAcA nyakkAraH / mudda harSaH / dhairyaM vyasane'pyakAtaryam / etaiH raudrAdibhizca saha vartamAno manovyApAraH sAttvatI / AvasyopAdAnAdatra kapaTAbhAvaH / dharSakhyApanAduddhatapuruSasadbhAvaH / mutpratipAdanAcchoka-karuNa-nirvedAbhAvaH / dhairyAbhidhAnAt khyAdisaGgamautsukyAbhAvazcAbhihito bhavati / raudrarasayoge'pi keSAJcit sattvaM prakAzarUpaM dRzyata eveti raudropAdAnam / vIrarasazcAtra yuddha-dAna- dayAvIrAdirUpaH, sattvabAhulya d gRhyate / 'zama' iti ca zama-sthAyibhAvaH zAnto raso draSTavyaH / ariSaDvargajayasya sattvaikanibandhanatvAt / adbhuto'pyanyasaMvAvalokanAt sAttvikAnAM dRzyata eveti / idaM ca mAnasaM karma vicitrAbhirgambhIroktibhiH prArabdhakAryAparityAgAt, kAryAntaraparigraheNa saMgrAmAya parotsAhanena, sAmAdiprayoga-daivAdinA arisaMghAta bhedajananenAnyaizca bahubhiH prakArairlakSyate iti / [5] 107 // mAnasa, sat arthAt sattva yA prakAza [kA nAma hai ], vaha jisameM rahatA hai vaha mana sattva huA / usameM rahanevAlI [mAnasa vyApAra rUpa] sAtvatI vRtti hotI hai| saMjJA zabda honese bahuta karake [sAttvatI zabdase meM ] strIliGga [ vAcaka GIpa pratyaya huA ] hai / 'sattvavAgaMgAbhineya' [ kA artha ] vAcika tathA kAyika abhinayoMke dvArA jJApya [ vyApAra hai ] / mAnasika abhinaya, vAcika abhinaya, aura kAyika abhinayase yukta mAnasika vyApAra 'sAttvatI' vRtti [kahalAtA ] hai, yaha abhiprAya hai / [ mAnasika, vAcika tathA kAyika ] tInoM prakAra ke prabhinayoMke kahe jAnepara bhI mAnasa vyApArake hI sattva-pradhAna honese ina [tInoM] meM sattvAbhinaya ho pradhAna hai aura zeSa donoM gaurA haiM / isIlie sattva zabdakA sabase pahale grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / [kArikA meM Ae hue 'Arjava' zrAdi zabdoM kA artha karate haiM] 'prArjava' arthAt kuTilatAkA prabhAva 'pradharSa' arthAt vANIke dvArA tiraskAra [DA~Ta phaTakAra ] / 'mut' prarthAt harSa | 'dhairya' arthAt vipattikAla meM bhI na ghabarAnA / inase aura raudrAdise yukta mAnasa vyApAra 'sAttvatI' vRtti [ kahalAtA ] hai / zrArjavake grahaNase isameM kapaTakA prabhAva [ sUcita hotA hai ] / 'prAdharSa' ke kaMthana se uddhata puruSoMkA sadbhAva [ sUcita hotA hai] / harSakA pratipAdana honese zoka, karuNa nivedakA prabhAva [ sUcita hotA hai] / 'I' ke kathanase strI prAdike saGgamake prati autsukyakA prabhAva sUcita hotA hai / raudrarasakA yoga honepara bhI kinhIM - kinhIM meM prakAza rUpa sattva dikhalAI detA hai / isalie raudrakA grahaNa kiyA hai| aura isa [ sAttvatI vRti ] meM vIraraMsase yuddhavIra dAnavIra, dayAvIra prAvikA grahaNa sattva-pradhAna honese hotA hai| 'zama' padase zama jisakA sthAyibhAva hai usa zAMtarasakA graharaNa hotA hai / kyoMki [zAMtarasa meM kie jAnevAle kAma-krodhAdi ] chaH mAnasa zatrugroMke satva-pradhAna honese [zamakA grahaNa kiyA hai ] / anyoMke satyako dekhanese sAsvika vRttiyoM ke logoM meM pradabhuta bhI pAyA jAtA hai| [isalie isakA bhI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai ] / yaha mAnasa vyApAra nAnA prakArako gambhIra utiyoM dvArA prAramSakAryake ( saikar3oM vighna par3ane
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________________ kA0 107, sU0 161 ] tRtIyo nevekaH ... [ 287 atha kaizikI[sUtra 161] -kaizikI haasy-shRnggaar-naatty-nrmbhidaatmikaa| atizAyinaH kezAH santyAsAmiti kezikAH striyaH / 'stanakezavatItvaM hi strINAM lkssnnm'| tatpradhAnatvAt tAsAmie kaizikI / hAsya-zRGgArAbhyAM strIbAhulyavicitraprakArenepathya-kAmavyavahArANAM sadbhAvamAha / nATyaM nRtta-gIta-vAditrANi / agrAmya iSTajanAvarjanarUpo vAga-veSa-ceSTAbhiH parihAso narma / vAcA yathA "patyuH zirazcandrakalAmanena spRzeti sakhyA parihAsapUrvam / sA raJjayitvA caraNau kRtAzIrmAlyena tAM nirvacanaM jaghAna // " yathA vA satyaharizcandra-- . "rAjA-[vihamya ] vihaGgarAja ! niHzeSavezyAcakravartinImenAM lambastanImupazlokaya / zukaH---puNyaprAgalbhyalabhyAya vezyApaNyAya maGgalam / __yatra pratIpAH zAstramya, kAmAdarthaprasUtayaH // " para bhI] na chor3ane se, nae kAryoMkA [bho] svIkAra kara lenese, saMgrAmAdike lie dUsaroMko utsAhita karanese, sAma Adike prayoga athavA devAvivaza zatru-samudAyameM bheda DAlanese aura isI prakArake anya bahutase prakAroMse lakSita ho sakatA hai // [5]107 // 3 kaizikI vRttikA nirUpaNa aba kaiziko [vRttikA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 161]-hAsya, zRGgAra [ nRtya, gIta prAdi rUpa ] nATya tathA [ narma arthAt ziSTa parihAsa prAdike bhedoMse yukta kaizikI [iti hotI hai| atizaya yukta keza jinake hoM ve striyAM kazikA huI [arthAt kazikI vRtikI utpati keza zabdase huI hai / lambe kezoMse yukta hone ke kAraNa strIko 'kezikA' kahA jAtA hai] kyoMki 'stanakezavatI strI' yaha strIkA lakSaNa hai| unakA prAdhAnya honese unakI yaha vRtti 'kaizikI' kahalAtI hai / usameM hAsya aura zRGgAra zabdoMse strIjanoMkI adhikatA, nAnA prakArake veSa-vinyAsa, tathA kAmabhyavahAroMko upasthiti sUcita kI hai / 'nATya' se nRtya, gIta, bAyakA praharaNa hotA hai / iSTajanoMko AkarSita karanevAlA, vANI, dheSa tathA ceSTA AdikedvArA kiyA jAnevAlA ziSTa [agrAmya] parihAsa narma [kahalAtA hai| vANoke dvArA [narmakA udAharaNa] jaise--- "pairoMmeM mahAvara lagA cukanepara sakhIke dvArA parihAsapUrvaka isa [caraNa se pati [ziva] ke sirapara sthiti [sapatnI rUpa] candrakalAkA sparza karanA isa prakAra AzIrvAda kiejAne para binA uttara die hue hI usane [arthAt pArvatIne] usa [sakho] ko mAlAse mAra diyaa|" athavA jaise satpaharizcandra meM vAcika narmakA udAharaNa nimna prakAra hai].-- ___ "rAjA---[haMsakara he vihaGgarAja [mantrina zukadeva samasta vezyAoMko cakravartinI isa lambastanIkI prazaMsA to kro| zuka-puNyasambhArase prApta honevAle vezyA-vyApArakA bhalA ho jisameM zAstrIya vidhAnake viparIta, kAmase arthako prApti hotI hai [ zAstra meM to arthase kAmako prApti
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________________ 288 ) nATyadapaNam kA0 108, sU. 162 veSeNa yathA-nAgAnande vidUSaka-zekharavyatikare : ceSTAnarma yathA mAlavikAgnimitrenipuNikA vidUSakasyopari sarpavibhramakAri daNDakASThaM pAtayati / iti / etacca kvacinmAnAn , kaciddhAsyAt , kacit zRGgAra-hAsyAt , kacid bhayahAsyAt , kacit sAparAdhapriya-pratibhedanAt , kacit pUrvanAyikA-pratibhayAt , ityAdyanekadhA drssttvym| ___ atra zRGgArarasena ratyAkhyo mAnaso, hAsyena narmabhedaizca vAciko, nATya na kAyikazca vyApAraH saMgRhIta iti vyApAratrayasaGkarAtmikeyagiti / 'athArabhaTI [sUtra 162]-prArabhaTyanRta-dvandva-chadma-dIptarasAnvitA // [6]108 // __ AreNa pratodakena tulyA bhaTA uddhatAH puruSA aarbhttaaH| te santyasyAmiti 'jyotsnAditvAdaNi' aarbhttii| anutamasatyam / dvandvayuddhamanekaprakAram / chadma vaJcanAhetuH prayogaH / anena indrajAla-pustaprayoga-cchedya-bhedyAdigrahaH / dItA rasA raudrAdaya : kahI gaI hai kintu vezyA-vyApArameM isake viparIta kAmase arthako prApti vezyAnoMko hotI hai] / " veSake dvArA [ parihAsa rUpa narmakA udAharaNa ] jaise nAgAnandameM vidUSaka aura zekhara ke samparka meM [hA hai| ceSTAke dvArA parihAsakA [udAharaNa] jaise mAlavikAgnimitrameM--- nipuriNakA vidUSakake Upara sarpakI bhrAMti utpanna karane vAle lakar3I ke r3he-mer3he ] uNDeko DAla detI hai| yaha [parihAsa yA nama] kahIM mAnake kAraNa, kahIM hAsyake kAraNa, kahIM zRMgArajanaka hAsya ke lie, kahIM bhayajanaka hAsyake lie, kahIM aparAdhI priyake pratibhedanake kAraNa, aura kahIM pUrva nAyikAke bhayake kAraNa, isa prakAra aneka tarahakA hotA hai| ___ yahA~ [kArikAmeM Ae hue] zRGgArarasase rati-rUpa mAnasa-vyApArakA, hAsya [pada] se aura parihAsake [pUrvokta] bhedoMse vAcika-vyApArakA, tathA 'nATya' [pada] se kAyika vyApAra kA saMgraha hotA hai / isalie yaha [kazikI vRttitInoM prakArake vyApAroMke sara rUpa hai| [arthAt kaizikI vRttimeM tInoM prakArake vyApAroMkA samAveza rahatA hai / 4 ArabhaTI vRttikA nirUpaNa-- aba prArabhaTI [vRttikA lakSaNa karate haiM]--- [sUtra 162]--anRtabhASaNa, chala-prapaJca, dvandvayuddha, tathA [raudra dhAdi] doharasoMse yukta [vRtti prArabhaTI [vRtti kahalAtI hai / [6] 108 / 'prAra' arthAt cAbukake samAna, jo bhaTa arthAt uddhata pure' ve 'prArabhaTa' hue| ve jisameM pracura mAtrAmeM hoM vaha [prArabhaTa zabdako] jyotsanAdi gaNapaThitama ra aNa-pratyaya karanepara prArabhaTo [vRtti kahalAtI hai| [lakSaraNa meM prAe hue pranRtAdidAkA artha karate haiM] anRta arthAt asatya bhASaNa / dvandvayuddha aneka prakArakA ho sakatA hai| dhokhA dene ke lie kie jAne vAlA prayoga chadma kahalAtA hai / isake dvArA indrajAla [pusta lepyAdi nirmita putalI prAvikA
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________________ tRtIyo vivekaH kA0 106, sU0 162 } auddhatyAgAdihetavaH / atrAnRtAdibhirvicitranepathya kiliJjahastiprayoga-mAyAzivodarzanAdikaM bhaya harSAtizayAkulitapAtrapravezaH, pUrva nAyakAvasthAyAH parityAgena nAyakAvasthAntaragraho avaskanda- agnyAdikRtavidravAdika, vividhasthAyi vyabhicAribhAvayuktaM prasaMgAgata kAryAdikaM bAhuyuddha-zastraprahArAdikaM ca saMgRhyate / ta eveyaM sarvAbhinayAtmikA sarvavyApArAtmikA ca / tatra vicitraM nepathyaM veNIsaMhAre azvatthAmnaH / udayanacarite kiliJjahastiprayogaH / mAyA zirodarzanaM rAmAbhyudaye / balImukhena pAtrapravezo ratnAvalyAm / harSeNa vAmanaceTyAH pravezaH satyaharizcandre / bAlinetRtyAgena sugrIvanetrantaragrahaNam / parazurAmasyauddhatyAvasthA tyAgena zAntAvasthAntaragrahaNam / vicitrabhAvaM kAryAntaraM kRtyArAvaNe / tathA hi aMgadenA'bhidryamANAyA sandodaryA bhayam / aMgadasyotsAhaH / asyaiva rAvadarzanena 'etenApi surAjitAH' ityAdi vadato zasaH / 'yastAtena nigRhya bAlaka iva prakSipya kakSAntare' iti ca jalpato jugupsA -hAsa - vismayAH / rAvaNasya rati-krodhau / niyuddhAdi tu rAmAyaNIyeSu indrajilladamaraNayoriti // [6] 108|| prayoga tathA chedya-bhedya zrAdikA grahaNa hotA hai| proddhatya, AvegAdike kAraNabhUta raudrAdirasa dIptarasa [ kahalAte ] haiM : isameM anRtAdise, nAnA prakArake veSa vinyAsa, [ kiliJjahastiprayoga arthAt ] caTAI zrAdise bane hue [banAvaTI ] hAthIkA prayoga, tathA [mAyAzirodarzana arthAt ] banAvaTI zira prAdikA dikhalAnA [gRhIta hotA hai], bhaya tathA harSake atizayase vyAkula pAtrakA praveza, nAyakakI pUrvAvasthAko chor3akara nAyakakI dUsarI avasthAkA praharaNa, prAkramaraNa yA zragni zrAdike dvArA kie jAnevAlI bhagadar3a, Adi rUpa nAnA prakArake sthAyi vyabhicAribhAvoMse yukta prAsaMgika kAryAdi, bAhuyuddha aura zastraprahArAdikA saMgraha ho jAtA hai / isalie yaha [prArabhaTI vRtti kAyika, vAcika, tathA mAnasika ] saba prakAra ke abhinayoMse yukta zraura saba prakArake vyApAroM vAlI [vRtti ] hai / [ 286 unameM vicitra veSa- vinyAsa [ kA udAharaNa] jaise veNIsaMhAra meM azvatthAmAkA [vicitra veSa- vinyAsa varNita hai ] / udayanake caritra meM banAvaTI hAthIkA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai / banAvaTI zirakA darzana jaise rAmAbhyudayameM [ rAmake banAvaTI kaTe hue sirakA darzana sotA ko karAyA gayA ] hai / [balImukha prarthAt ] bandarake bhayase praveza [kA udAharaNa] jaise rasnAvalI meM [pAyA jAtA hai] / harSase jaise satyaharizcandameM vAmanaceTIkA praveza [varita hai ] / bAlIke netRtvako chor3akara sugrIvake netRtvako svIkAra karanA / parazurAmako uddhatAvasthAko chor3akara dUsarI zAntAvasthAkA varNana [ ye donoM nAyakAntara aura avasthAntara ke graharaNake udAharaNa haiM ] / vicitra prakArake [ prAsaGgika ] anya kArya [ kA udAharaNa ] jaise kRtyArAvaNa meM [ nimna prakAra pAyA jAtA hai ] zraGgadake dvArA pIchA kie jAnepara mandodarIkA bhaya, zraGgadakA utsAha, isa [ aGgadake dvArA hI rAvaraNako dekhanepara 'acchA isa [rAvaraNa] ne bhI devatAoM ko jItA thA isa prakAra kahate hue [rAvaraNakA ] hAsya banAnA, zraura 'jisako [ rAvaNa] pitAjI : [ arthAt zraGgada ke pitA bAlI ] ne bAlakake samAna pakar3akara koTharI meM [ banda kara diyA thA]' isa prakAra kahate hue [rAvaraNa ke prati bhaGgavakI] ghRNA, hAsya aura vismaya [ kA varNana ] tathA rAvaNake rati, krodha [ ye saba prasaGgocita kAryoMke udAharaNa haiM] / rAmAyaraNake prAdhArapara
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________________ 260 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 106, sU0 163 atha 'rasabhAvAbhinayagAH' ityato vRttilakSaNAt prathamaM rasmAcaSTe[sUtra 163]-sthAyI bhAvaH zritotkarSo vibhAva-vyabhicAribhiH / spaSTAnubhAvanizcayaH sukha-duHkhAtmako rasaH // [7]106 // pratikSaNamudaya-vyayadharmakeSu bahuSvapi vyabhicAriSvanuyAyitayAvazyaM tiSThatIti sthAyI / yadvA tadbhAva eva bhAvAt anAve vAbhAvAt ratyAdirvyabhicAriNaM glAnyAdike pratyavazyaM sthaayii| upacayaM prApya rasarUpeNa ratyAdirbhavatIti bhAvaH / visAva-rlalanodyAnAdibhirAlambanoddIpanarUpai-rbAhya hetubhiH sata evAvirbhAvAd, vyabhicAribhirlAnyAdibhI rasikamanaH-zarIravartibhiH paripoSaNAcca zritotkarSaH / svIkRtasAkSAtkAritvAnubhUyamAnAvastho, yathAsambhavaM sukha-duHkhasvabhAvo rasyate AsvAdyate iti rasaH / tatreSTavibhAvAdigrathitasvarUpasampattayaH zRMgAra-hAsya-vIra-adbhuta-zAntAH sukhaatmaanH| apare punaraniSTavibhAvAdyupanItAtmAnaH karuNa-raudra-bIbhatsa-bhayAnakAzcatvAro duHkhAtmAnaH / bane nATakAdimeM lakSmaNa aura meghanAdake niyuddha Adi [ke udAharaNa haiM] // [6] 108 // rasa nirUpaNa [isa prakAra bhAratI prAdi cAroM vRttiyoMke lakSaNa ho jAneke bAva] praba vRttike [sAmAnya] lakSaNameM pAe hue 'rasa-bhAvAbhinayagAH' isa padameMse sabase pahile rasakA varNana prArambha karate haiM--- [sUtra 163]-vibhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAva prAdike dvArA paripoSako prApta hone vAlA, spaSTa anubhAvoMke dvArA pratIta honevAlA, sthAyibhAva [rUpa hI] sukha-duHkhAtmaka [arthAta kevala sukhAtmaka athavA kevala duHkhAtmaka na hokara ubhayAtmaka] rasa hotA hai / [7] 106 / [yaha granthakArane rasakA lakSaNa kiyA hai| aba usameM pAe hue sthAyibhAvAdikA svarUpa dikhalAte haiM] pratikSaraNa udaya tathA asta hone vAle aneka vyabhicAribhAvoM meM jo anugatarUpase avazya vidyamAna rahatA hai vaha 'sthAyibhAva' [kahalAtA hai / athavA usa [sthAyibhAva] ko vidyamAnatAmeM hI hone aura usakI avidyamAnatAmeM [vyabhicAribhAvoMke] na honese, vyabhicAribhAva glAni mAdike prati, ratyAdi avazya sthAyibhAva hotA hai| [yaha sthAyI zabdakA artha huprA aba Age sthAyIke Age jur3e hue bhAva zabdakA artha karate haiN| vyabhicAribhAva prAdi sAmagrIke dvArA] paripoSako prApta karake ratyAdi, rasarUpa ho jAtA hai isalie ['bhavatIti bhAvaH isa vyutpattike anusAra retyAdi] 'bhAva' [kahalAtA hai| vibhAvoM arthAt lalanA aura udyAna prAdi [rUpa] Alambana tathA uddIpana vibhAvarUpa bAhya hetuoMke dvArA pUrvase hI vidyamAna [ratyAdi sthAyibhAva kA AvirbhAva honese, aura rasikoMke mana meM vidyamAna glAni prAdi vyabhicAribhAvoMke dvArA paripuSTa honeke kAraNa, utkarSako prApta [arthAt sAkSAtkArAtmaka anubhUyamAnAvasthAko prApta honevAlA, yathAsambhava sukha-dukhobhayAtmaka [sthAyibhAva rasyate iti rasaH' isa vyutpattise] AsvAdyamAna honese rasapadase vAcya [bodhita hotA hai| [rasake isa lakSaraNameM rasako sukha-duHkhAtmaka arthAt ubhayAtmaka mAnA hai| una donoM prakArake rasoMkA vibhAga mAge dikhalAte haiM] unameMse iSTa vibhAvAdike dvArA svarUpasampattiko
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 163 ] tRtIyo vivekaH - [ 261 yat punaH sarvarasAnAM sukha-dukhAtmakatvamucyate tat pratItibAdhitam / AstAM nAma mukhyavibhAvopacitAH, kAvyAbhinayopanItavibhAvopacito'pi bhayAnako bIbhatsaH karuNo raudro vA rasAsvAdavatAmanAkhyeyAM kAmapi klezadazAmupanayati / ataeva bhayAnakAdibhirudvijate samAjaH / na nAma sukhAsvAdAdudvego ghaTate / yat punarebhirapi camatkAro dRzyate sa rasAsvAdavirAme sati yathAvasthitavastupradarzakena kavi-naTazaktikauzalena / vismayante hi zirazchedakAriNApi prahArakuzalena vairiNA shaunnddiirmaaninH| anenaiva ca sarvAGgAhlAdakena kavinaTazaktijanmanA camakAreNa vipralabdhAH paramAnandarUpatAM duHkhAtmakeSvapi karuNAdiSu sumedhasaH prtijaante| etadAsvAdalaulyena prekSakA api eteSu pravartante / kavayastu sukha-duHkhAtmakasaMsArAnurUpyeNa rAmAdicaritaM nibadhnantaH sukha-duHkhAtmakarasAnuviddhameva grnnti.| pAnakamAdhuryamiva ca tIkSNAsvAdena duHkhAsvAdena sutarAM sukhAni svadante iti / api ca sItAyAH haraNaM, draupadyAH kacAmbarAkarSaNaM, harizcandrasya cANDAladAsyaM, rohitAzvasya maraNaM, prakAzita karane vAle zRGgAra, hAsya, vIra, adbhuta aura zAnta [ye pA~ca sukhapradhAna rasa haiN| aura aniSTa vibhAvAdike dvArA svarUpa lAbha karane vAle karuNa, raudra, bIbhatsa aura bhayAnaka ye cAra duHkhAtmaka rasa haiN| [kucha prAcAryoke dvArA] jo saba rasoMko sukhAtmaka batalAyA jAtA hai vaha pratIti ke viparIta [honese pramAnya asaMgata hai| mukhya [arthAt vAstavika] vibhAvoMse utpanna [karuNa mAdikI duHkhAtmakatAkI to bAta hI jAne do, kAvyake abhinayameM prApta [banAvaTI] vibhAva prAdise utpanna huprA bhI bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa, karuNa athavA raudrarasa prAsvAdana karane vAloMkI kucha pravarNanIyasI klezadazAko utpanna kara detA hai| isI lie bhayAnaka prAdi [dRzyoM] se sAmAjikoMko ghabarAhaTa hotI hai| [yadi saba rasa sukhAtmaka hI hote to] sukhAsvAdase to kisIko udvega nahIM hotA hai| [isalie karuNAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka hI hote haiM / aura jo ina [karuNAdirasoM se bhI sahRdayoMmeM camatkAra dikhalAI detA hai vaha rasAsvAdake samApta honeke bAda yathAsthita jaise-taise padArthoko dikhalAne vAle kavi aura naTajanoMke kauzalake kAraNa hotA hai| kyoMki vIratAke abhimAnI jana bhI [eka hI prahAra meM] sirako kATa DAlane vAle, prahAra-kuzala varI [ke kauzalako dekhakara, usa] se bhI vismaya [aura tajjanya camatkAra] ko anubhava karate haiN| sampUrNa aGgoMko Ananda pradAna karane vAle [saba indriyoMke AhlAdaka], kavi aura naTajanoMko zakti [kauzala se utpanna camatkArake dvArA dhokhe meM prAkara buddhimAna loga bhI duHkhAtmaka karuNAdi rasoMmeM bhI paramAnanda rUpatA samajhane lagate haiM / aura inakA prAsvAdana karaneke lobhakA saMvaraNa na kara sakaneke kAraNa prekSaka sAmAjika bhI ina [ke prAsvAdana] meM pravRtta hote haiM / kavigaNa to sukha-duHkhAtmaka saMsArake anurUpa hI rAmAdike caritrako racanA karate samaya sukha-duHkhAtmaka rasoMse yukta hI [kAvya nATaka Adi kI racanA karate haiN| pane kA mAdhurya jaise [usameM par3I huI mircake tIkhe prAsvAdase aura adhika acchA pratIta hotA hai isI prakAra [karuNAdi duHkhapradhAna rasoMmeM] duHkhake tIkhe prAsvAvase milakara sukhoMkI anubhUti aura bhI adhika prAnandadAyinI bana jAtI hai| aura [nATakAdimeM ] sotAke haraNa, draupadIke keza evaM vastroMke khIMce jAne, harizcandrako cANDAlake
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________________ 292 ] . nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 106, sU0 163 lakSmaNasya zaktibhedanaM, mAlatyA vyApAdanArambhaNamityAdyaminIyamAnaM pazyatAM sahRdayAnAM ko nAma sukhAsvAdaH ? __ tathAnukAryagatAzca karuNAdayaH paridevitAnukAryatvAt ' tAvad duHkhAtmakA eva / yadi cAnukaraNe sukhAtmAnaH syurna samyaganukaraNaM syAt / viparItatvena bhAsanAditi / yo'pISTAdivinAzaduHkhavatAM karuNe vaya'mAne'bhinIyamAne vA sukhAsvAdaH so'pi paramArthato duHkhAsvAda eva / duHkhI hi duHkhitavArtayA sukhamabhimanyate / pramodavArtayA tu tAmyatIti karuNAdayo duHkhAtmAna eveti / vipralambhazRGgArastu dAhAdikAryatvAd duHkharUpo'pi sambhogasambhAvanAgarbhatvAt sukhaatmkH| yahA~ dAsatA, rohitAzvake maraNa, lakSmaNake zaktibhedana, mAlatIke mAraneke upakrama prAvike abhinayako dekhane vAle sahRdayoMko sukhakA prAsvAda kaise ho sakatA hai ? [isalie karuNAdi rasoMko sukhAtmaka mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| isI bAtake samarthana ke lie prAge aura bhI yukti dete haiN| paura anukAryagata [arthAt rAmacandra prAdike vAstavika jIvana meM sItAviyogake samaya] karaNAdi vilApAdiyukta honeke kAraNa nizcita rUpase duHkhAtmaka hI hote haiN| yadi unako anukaraNa [rUpa nATakAdi] meM sukhAtmaka mAnA jAya to vaha samyak anukaraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| vAstavika duHkhAtmaka pratItise] viparIta rUpameM [nATakAdimeM ] pratIta honese [nATakAdimeM rAmake vRttakA yathArtha amukaraNa nahIM bnegaa| isa kAraNa bhI karuNAdiko duHkhAtmaka hI mAnanA par3egA] 1 . . kabhI-kabhI kisI iSTajanake vinAzake samaya usako sAntvanA denekAlae loga kisI anyake isI prakArake duHkhakA varNana Adi karate haiN| aura usa prakArake dUsareke duHkhako sunakara yA dekhakara duHkhita vyaktiko kucha sAntvanA aura apane kaSTako sahanekA bala milatA hai parantu vaha sukha nahIM hai| vaha duHkhAsvAda hI hai / duHkhI vyaktike sAmane dUsaroMke usI prakArake duHkhake varNanase to usako sAntvanA milatI hai kintu yadi usa duHkhake samaya usake sAmane nAca-raMga Adi prAnanda vArtAkI carcA kI jAya to vaha usako burI mAlUma hotI hai| isalie karuNAdi rasa dukhAtmaka hI hai isa bAtako Age granthakAra isa prakAra likhate haiM aura iSTajanake vinAzase duHkhiyoMke sAmane karuNAdikA varNana kie jAne athavA abhinaya kie jAnepara jo sukhAsvAda hotA hai vaha hI vAstavameM dU:khAsvAda hI hotA hai / duHkhI vyakti dUsare duHkhI vyaktiko duHkha-vArtAse sukha-sA [sAntvanA-sI] . anubhava karatA hai| aura pramodakI vArtAse [usa samaya] udvigna hotA hai / isalie bhI karuNa prAdi rasa duHkhAtmaka ho hote haiM [unako sukhAtmaka rasa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / 'vipralambha zRMgAra to [iSTajanake ] dAhAdi [dvArA vinAzakI pratIti] se janya honeke kAraNa duHkharUpa honepara bhI usameM punarmilana [sambhoga] ko sambhAvanA banI rahanese sukhAtmaka [kahA gayA hai| isa paMkti meM granthakArane karuNa tathA vipralambha zRGgArakA bheda dikhalAyA hai| karuNa1. tAlikAryatvAt / 2. spurnA /
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 163 1 tRtIyo vivekaH ___ rasazca mukhyalokagataH prekSakagataH kAvyasya zrotR-anusandhAyakadvayagato veti / 'spaSTAH' iti spaSTAH samyaG nirnniitaaH| asandigdhaM hi liGga bhavati / anubhAvayanti rasako duHkhAtmaka aura vipralambha zRGgArako sukhAtmaka rasa mAnA hai / isa bhedakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vipralambha zRGgArameM punarmilanako sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai / kintu karuNameM punarmilanakI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai / rAmacandrake jIvana meM sItA haraNake bAdakA prasaMga vipralambha zRGgAra kA prasaMga hai aura sItAniSkAsanake bAdakA prasaMga karuNarasakA prasaMga hai / isI bhedako mahAkavi bhavabhUtine uttara rAmacaritameM isa prakAra dikhalAyA hai upAyAnAM bhAvAdaviralavinodavyatikaraiH, vimardaiIrANAM jnitjgtybhutrsH| viyogo mugdhAkSyAH sa khalu ripaghAtAvadhirabhUt, kaTustUSNIM sayo niravadhirayaM tu pravilayaH / / karuNa tathA vipralambha donoMmeM priyajanakA viyoga hotA hai / usa viyogameM donoM jagaha duHkhI vyakti rudana vilApa prAdi karatA hai| para ina donoMkA bheda karAne vAlI sImArekhA mRtyu hai / mRtyuke pahale vAlA viyoga vipralambhakA kSetra hai aura mRtyuke bAdakA viyoga karuNa kA kSetra hai| vipralambhazRGgArameM pati-patnIkA viyoga hotA hai, para kisIkA maraNa nahIM hotA hai| isalie usa viyogako avasthAmeM kiyA jAne vAlA rudana aura vilApAdi saba vipralambhazRGgArako sImAmeM prAtA hai| kintu jahA~ kisI ekako mRtyu ho jAneke bAda usA prakArakA rudana aura vilApa pAyA jAtA hai vaha saba karuNakI sImAmeM pAtA hai| karuNa rasako sImAkA nirdhAraNa karane vAlA yaha mRtyu kabhI vAstavika bhI hotA hai aura kabhI avAstavika bhI ho sakatA hai| pravAstavika mRtyukA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vAstavameM mRtyu to nahIM huI hai kintu kisI kAraNase pati-patnI donoM meM se kisI ekane apane dUsare sAthI kI mRtyu samajha lI hai| jaise rAmacandrane sItAko banameM bhijavA deneke bAda yaha samajha liyA hai ki 'kavyAdbhiraGgalatikA niyataM viluptA' sItAke zarIrako nizcaya hI jaMgalake mAMsabhakSI siMhAdi prANI khA gae haiN| yadyapi sItA marI nahIM hai kintu rAmacandrane usako marA humA mamajha liyA hai / phalataH uttararAmacaritameM kiyA gayA rAmacandrakA sArA vilApa karuNarasakA viSaya, aura uttararAmacaritako karuNarasa pradhAna nATaka mAnA jAtA hai| isIlie uttararAmacaritameM sItAke isa viyogako "niravadhirayaM tu pravilayaH' kahA gayA hai / rasakA zrAzraya isa prakAra graMthakArane yahA~ taka rasoMko sukhAtmaka aura duHkhAtmaka do vargomeM vibhakta karate hue sAre rasoMko sukhAtmaka mAne jAneke siddhAMtakA vistArapUrvaka khaNDana kiyA hai| aba prAge aura vyAkhyA prArambha karate haiM / isameM bhI pahilI paMktimeM rasoke pAzrayakA nirUpaNa karate hue likhate haiM ki aura rasa [mukhya lokagata prarthAta] anukAryagata [arthAt rAgAdigata hotA hai athavA sAmAjikagata hotA haiM [arthAta mukhya rUpase naTameM rasa nahIM rahatA hai aura kAvyameM [kAvyake] zrotA athavA nirmAtA [anusandhAyaka ina domeM rahatA hai| [mAge kArikAme prAe hue 'spaMDAtubhAvanizceyaH' padako vyAkhyA karate haiM ] spaSTA' isase spaSTa arthAta bhalI prakArase milIta
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________________ 264 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 106, sU0 163 parasthAnapi rasAnavabodhayantIti zranubhAvAH / stambha-sveda-azru-romAJca-nakSepa - zrAdayaH / tairyathAsambhavaM sattayA nizceyaH / iha tAvat sarvalokaprasiddhA parasthasya rasasya pratipattiH / sA ca na pratyakSA cetodharmANAmatIndriyatvAt / tasmAt parokSaiva / parokSA ca pratipattiravinAbhUtAd vastvantarAt / atra ca rase'nyasya vastvantarasyAsambhavAt kAryamevAvinAkRtam / [anubhAvoMke dvArA rasakA nizcaya hotA hai]| kyoMki prasaMdigdha ho liGga [dhanumApaka] hotA hai / [Age isa padameM prAe hue 'anubhAva' padakI vyutpatti dikhalAte haiM] anubhava karAte haiM arthAt dUsare meM rahane vAle rasoMko lakSita karate haiM isalie [' anubhAvayanti iti dhanubhAvA:' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra ] stambha, sveda, prabhu, romAca, bhrUkSepa prAdi 'anubhAva' [kahalAte] haiN| unake dvArA yathAsambhava sadrUpameM nizcaya kiyA jAnevAlA [ratyAdi sthAyibhAva rasa kahalAtA hai ] / yahA~ [kAvya nATaka AdimeM] dUsare [ rAmAdi] meM rahane vAle rasako pratIti sAre loka meM prasiddha hai| [ vaha prantaH kararaNavartinI hotI hai / ] aura prantaHkaraNake dharmoke indriyagrAhya na honese pratyakSa nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai| isalie parokSa rUpa hI hai / aura parokSa pratIti usase vinAbhUta [ prarthAt jisake vinA vaha pratIti nahIM bana sakatI hai isa prakAra ke [zabda yA liGga prAdi rUpa ] anya vastuke dvArA hotI hai| aura rasameM [ isa prakArakI ] zranya vastukA sambhava na honese usakA kArya [prarthAt manubhAvAdi] hI [rasake] pravinAbhUta hai| isalie unhoMke dvArA rasakI pratIti hotI hai] / isa paMkti meM graMthakArane yaha kahA thA ki anubhAvAdi kArya ho rasake zravinAbhUta yA nAntarIyaka hote haiM isalie unake dvArA hI rasakI pratIti hotI hai / isapara yaha zaMkA upasthita kI jA sakatI hai ki anubhAvAdiko rasakA nAntarIyaka yA avinAbhUta nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki rasakA avinAbhUta kevala unako kahA jA sakatA hai jo rasake binA ho hI na sakeM / stambha svedAdi zranubhAvoMkI vaha sthiti nahIM haiM / de to rasake binA bhI ho sakate haiN| jaise abhI Upara kahA jA cukA hai ki gsa yA to mukhya loka zrarthAt rAmAdimeM rahatA hai prathavA prekSaka zrarthAt sAmAjika meM rahatA hai naTameM rasa mukhya rUpa se nahIM rahatA hai / kintu rasakA abhAva honepara bhI naTameM stambha svedAdi anubhAva pAe jAte haiM / isalie ve rasake avinA bhUta yA nAntarIyaka nahIM hai| taba unase rasakI pratIti kaise ho sakatI hai ? isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna granthakAra do prakArase karate haiM / pahilA samAdhAna to yaha hai ki hama naTagata svedAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA rasakI anubhUti nahIM mAnate haiN| kyoMki hamane 'kAryamevAvinAbhUtaM' kahA hai / hama rasake kAryarUpa anubhAvoMko rasakA avinAbhUta kahate haiM / naTagata stambhAdi rasake kArya nahIM apitu kAraNa hai / naTagata stambha - svedAdiko dekhakara prekSaka yA sAmAjika meM rasAnubhUti hotI hai / isalie naTagata stambha-sveda azru Adi sAmAjikagata rasake kAraNa haiM, kArya nahIM / prekSakagata prazru zrAdi usake kArya haiM / una prekSakagata anubhAvAdiko dekhakara dUsaroMko parastha rasakI patIti hotI hai / yaha granthakAra ke dvArA prastuta kie gae prathama samAdhAnakA abhiprAya hai / isa samAdhAna ke viSayameM eka bAta vizeSa rUpase dhyAna denekI yaha hai ki yahA~ granthakAra ne prekSakagata anubhAvAdiko kAryarUpa kahA hai, aura unake dvArA 'parastha' rasakI pratItikA
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 163 ] tRtIyo viveMka: [ 265 paragatavibhAvAdyanukriyAyAM ca pararajjanArtha pravRttasya naTasya rasAbhAve'pi stambhasvedAdayo bhavantIti, naiSAM rasanAntarIyakatvamAzaGkanIyam / teSAM paragatarasajanakatvenAkAryatvAt / naTagatA hi stambhAdayaH prekSakagatarasAnAM kAraNam / prekSakagatAstu kAryANi / parodaM cArthaM bubhutsunA parokSArtha-nAntarIyake liGgasvarUpe nipuNena pratipattrA bhaagym| upapAdana kiyA hai / yaha siddhAMta anya siddhAMtoMse vilakSaNa hai / anya siddhAMtoMmeM rasako sAkSAtkArAtmaka brahmAnanda-sahodara mAnA gayA hai| parantu yahA~ rasakI parokSAtmaka maura parastha pratItikA upapAdana kiyA gayA hai| paMktiyoM kA artha nimna prakAra hai dUsaroMke manoraJjanakelie, dUsaroMmeM [arthAt anukArya rAma prAdimeM] rahanevAle vibhAvake anukaraNameM pravRtta honevAle naTameM rasakA prabhAva honeparabhI stambha svedAvi [anubhAva] hote haiM isase unake rasake avinAbhUta na honekI zaGkA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki ve [arthAt naTagata stambha svedAdi anubhAva] paragata [arthAt sAmAjikameM rahanevAle] rasake janaka honese [rasake] kArya nahIM [apitu kAraNa hote haiN| naTagata stambha prAdi sAmAjikagata rasoMke kAraNa hote haiN| sAmAjikagata [stambha prAvi] ke [rasa ke] kArya hote haiM / anumitivAda __ granthakArane yahA~ yadyapi nAmataH kisIke matakA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai kintu unake isa lekhase spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki isa viSaya meM zaMkukake anumitivAdakA anusaraNa kara rahe haiM / parantu inakA anumitivAda bhI bharata sUtrake vyAkhyAtA prAcArya zaMkukake anumitivAdase kucha bhinna-sA hai| zaMkukake matameM naTagata anubhAvAdise rasakI anumati mAnI gaI hai / parantu yahA~ sAmAjikagata anubhAvAdike dvArA usakI anumatikA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / parokSa arthako jAnaneko icchA rakhane vAleko parokSa prarthake avinAbhUta liMgake svarUpake samajhane meM nipuNa jJAtA honA caahie| isa paMktikA abhiprAya yaha hai ki parastha rasakA anumAna karane vAlA vyakti isa viSayako bhalI prakAra samajhatA ho ki amuka prakArake anubhAva amuka prakArakI manaHsthiti meM hote haiN| tabhI vaha sAmAjika yA prekSakagata vizeSa prakArake anubhAvoMko dekhakara usameM zRGgAra vIra mAdi vizeSa rasoMkA anumAna kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra granthakArane yahA~ paragata rasake anumAnakA prakAra to dikhalA diyaa| kintu prekSakagata anubhAvAdise rasakI pratIti kisako hotI hai yaha prazna anuttarita raha jAtA hai| sabhI prekSakoMko eka-dUsaremeM rahane vAle rasakI parokSa pratIti hotI hai yahI eka samAdhAna isa praznakA ho sakatA hai kintu vaha kucha ucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai / rasako pratIti sAmAjikako sAkSAtkArAtmaka hotI hai tabhI usakA prAsvAdana bana sakatA hai| parokSa jJAnako prAsvAdana nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / ataH yaha siddhAMta yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| dUsarA samAdhAna, naTameM anubhAvoMkI sthiti anubhAvoMke dvArA rasakI pratIti hotI hai isa siddhAMta ke viSaya meM yaha zaMkA uThAI gaI thI ki anubhAvoMko rasoMkA pravinAbhUta yA nAntarIyaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki
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________________ 266 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 106, sU0 164 ___naTe'pi ca rasaM gamayantyeva yadA rasakAryA bhavanti / na ca. naTasya raso na bhavatItyekAntaH / paNyastriyo hi dhanalobhena pararatyartha ratAdi vipancayantyaH kadAcit svayamapi parAM ratimanubhavanti / gAyanAzca paraM rajayantaH kadAcit svayamapi rajyante / evaM naTo'pi rAmAdigataM vipralambhAdyanukurvANa: kadAcit svayamapi tanmayIbhAvamupayAtyeveti tadgatA api romAJcAdayastatra rasaM gamayeyureva / ata eva 'spaSTAnubhAva' ityuktam / . romAJcAdayazca ye strI-pusa-naTa-kAvyasthAste pareSAM rasajanakatvAd vibhAvamadhyavartinaH / prekSaka-zrotR-anusandhAtrAdisthitAsturasasya kAryANi santo vyavasthApakAH / yatra vibhAvAH paramArthena santaH pratiniyataviSayameva sthAyinaM rasatvamApAdayanti, tatra niyataviSayollekhI rasAsvAdapratyayaH / yuvA hi rAgavatI yuvatimavalambya tadviSayAmeva ratiM zRGgAratayAsvAdayati / naTameM rasake na honepara bhI anubhAva utpanna hote haiN| taba jina anubhAvoMkI rasake sAtha dhyApti yA avinAbhAva hI nahIM hai unase rasakI pratIti yA anumiti kaise ho sakatI hai ? isa zaMkAkA eka samAdhAna granthakArane yaha diyA ki naTagata anubhAvoMse rasakI pratIti nahIM hotI hai apitu prekSakagata kAryabhUta anubhAvoMse rasakI pratIti hotI hai| aba isI viSayameM dUsarA samAdhAna yaha de rahe haiM ki naTameM rasa nahIM hotA hai yaha bAta bhI nahIM hai| naTameM bhI rasa ho sakatA hai / isalie naTagata anubhAva bhI rasake pavinAbhUta haiM / isI bAtako pranthakAra agalI paMktiyoM meM nimna prakAra likhate haiM [naTameM rahane vAle anubhAvAri] jaba [naTagata] rasake kArya [arthAt naTagata rasase utpanna hote haiM taba ve naTameM bhI rasakA anumAna karAte haiN| aura naTameM rasa hotA hI nahIM hai yaha koI niyama nahIM hai| vezyAeM jo ghanake lobhase dUsaroMko [bhogake lie] rati prAdikA bhavasara detI haiM kabhI svayaM bhI atyanta mAnandakA anubhava karatI haiM / aura gAne vAle dUsaroMke manoraMjanake lie gAte hue kabhI svayaM bhI mAnanda-manna ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra naTa bhI rAmAdigata vipralambhazRGgArakA anukaraNa karate hue kabhI svayaM bhI tanmayIbhAvako prApta ho ho jAtA hai / isalie usameM rahane vAle romAMca mAdi [anubhAva] bhI [usake bhItara rahane vAle] rasakA anumAna karAte haiM / isIlie [kArikAmeM] 'spaSTAnubhAvanizcayaH' yaha kahA gayA hai| [marthAta prekSakameM yA maTameM jahA~ bhI rasake kAryabhUta anubhava spaSTa rUpase pratIta hoM vahIM ye rasakA anumAna karA sakate haiN| [lokameM] strI, puruSa, naTa, tabA kAvyameM sthita jo romAJca Adi [anubhAva hote hai ve anyoMmeM [sthita] rasake janaka honese [rasake kAraNabhUta] vibhAvoMmeM [gine jAte haiN| [isake viparIta nATakAdi dRzya-kAvyaka] prekSaka [bhavya-kAvyake] zrotA tathA [una donoMke] anusandhAtA [arthAt nirmAtA kavi]meM sthita [romAJcAdi] to rasake kArya rUpa honese [rasake vyavasthApaka arthAt nizcAyaka hote haiN| jahAM [arthAt lokameM] vAstavika rUpameM sthita vibhAva [sItA rAma mAvi nizcita vyakti-vizeSameM [rati prAvi rUpa] sthAyibhAvako rasarUpatAko prApta karAte haiM vahAM rasakA mAsvAda niyata vyaktivizeSameM hotA hai| jaise ki [lokameM koI] yuvaka kisI yuvatiko lekara
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 164 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 267 yatra tu parAnuraktAM vanitAmavalambya sAmAnyaviSayA ratirupacayamupaiti, tatra na niyataviSayaH zRGgArarasAsvAdaH / vibhAvAnAM sAmAnyaviSaye sthAyyAvirbhAvakatvAt / bandhuzokArtA ca rudatIM striyamavalokya sAmAnyaviSaya eva karuNarasAsvAdaH / evamanyeSvapi raseSu vizeSa - sAmAnya viSayatvaM draSTavyam / usake viSaya meM apanI ratiko zrRGgArarasake rUpameM AsvAdana karatA hai| [isI prakAra lokameM vAstavika rUpase vidyamAna sItA-rAmAdi rUpa vibhAvameM niyata vizeSase sambaddha rUpameM hI rasAsvAdako anubhUti hotI hai| yahA~ rasakI pratIti vizeSa viSayaka aura laukikI huI / Age sAmAnya viSayaka rasakI pratItiko pralaukikatA kA upapAdana karate haiM ] / jahA~ [lokameM vAstavika rUpameM sthita, para] anya meM anurakta vanitAko [arthAt parakIyA nAyikA ] ko lekara [ aneka vyaktiyoM meM ] sAmAnya viSayaka rati paripoSaraNa hotA hai vahA~ niyata vyaktivizeSase sambaddha rUpameM zrRGgArarasakA prAsvAda nahIM hotA hai [arthAt eka strIse aneka vyaktiyoM ko sAmAnyarUpase zRGgArAnubhUti hotI hai] kyoMki [aise udAharaNoM meM strI prAdi rUpa ] vibhAvoMse sAmAnya rUpase [aneka vyakti viSayaka ratikA prAvi] sthAyibhAva kA prAvirbhAva honese [sAmAnya-viSayaka hIM rasAsvAda hotA hai] / isI prakAra apane kisI priya bandhuke viyogase pIr3ita yuvatiko rote hue dekhakara [ dekhane vAle aneka vyaktiyoMko ] sAmAnya viSayaka hI karuNarasakA zrAsvAda hotA hai| [isa prakAra ina do udAharaNoMke dvArA granthakArane yaha dikhalAyA hai ki zRGgAra aura karuNa donoM rasoMkI sAmAnya-viSayaka tathA vizeSa viSayaka donoM prakArakI sthiti hotI hai| yahI bAta zranya rasoMke viSayameM bhI samajhanI caahie| isI bAta ko agalI paMkti meM likhate haiM] / isI prakAra granya rasoMmeM bhI sAmAnyaviSayatva aura vizeSa viSayatva samajha lenA cAhie / yaha jo rasoMkA sAmAnya viSayatva tathA vizeSa viSayatva dikhalAyA hai vaha vAstavika rUpase vidyamAna paramArthena santaH ' vibhAvAdike dvArA utpanna rasoMke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai / 'paramArthasatAM' vAstavika rUpa meM vidyamAna vibhAvAdikI sthiti loka meM hI hotI hai, kAvya nATaka AdimeM nahIM / isalie yaha sAmAnya aura vizeSagata dvividha rasoMkI sthiti bhI loka meM hI ho sakatI hai / kAvya yA nATakameM nahIM / kAvya aura nATaka meM sAdhAraNIkaraNa vyApAra dvArA sAmAnya rUpase aneka vyaktiyoMmeM rasakI anubhUti hotI hai| isa bAtako agale prakaraNa meM dikhalA rahe haiM / kintu yahA~ eka bAta vizeSarUpase dhyAna dene yogya hai aura vaha yaha bAta hai ki anya AcAryoMne rasako alokika mAnA hai| lokameM hone vAlI strI-puruSakI paraspara ratiko anya prAcAryoMne rasa nahIM mAnA hai / kAvya nATakameM hone vAle vibhAvAdiko hI una logoMne vibhAvAdi zabdase kahA hai / unake mata meM vibhAvAdi zabda bhI lokake nahIM kAvya nATakake kSetra meM hI sImita zabda hai / yahA~ granthakArane laukika strI-puruSa zrAdiko bhI ' vibhAvAdi' zabdoMse aura unakI rati Adiko bhI 'rasa' zabda se nirdiSTa kiyA hai / isIlie unhoMne sAmAnya viSayaka aura vizeSa viSayaka dvividha rasoMkI sthiti mAnI hai| unakA yaha siddhAnta anya prAcAryoMse vilakSaNa hai / isa prakAra laukika rasAdi viSayaka vivecanA karaneke bAda aba granthakAra bhagale prakaraNa meM kAvya-nATakagata rasoMkI vivecanA karate hue likhate haiM
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________________ 288 nATyadarpaNam kA0 106, sU0 163 ye punaraparamArthasanto'pi kAvyAbhinayAbhyAM santa ivopanItA vibhAvAste zrotRanusandhAta prekSakANAM sAmAnyaviSayameva sthAyinaM rasatvamApAdayanti / atra ca vissyvibhaagaanpekssiirsaasvaadprtyyH|n hirAmasya sItAyAMzRGgAre'nukriyamANe sAmAjikasya sItAviSayaH zRGgAraH samullasati / api tu sAmAnyastrIviSayaH / niyataviSayasmaraNAdinA sthAyinaH pratiniyataviSayatAyAM tu pratiniyataviSaya eva rasAsvAdaH / tathA aparamArthasatAM,' abhinaya-krAvyAptiAnAM ca vibhAvAnAM bahusAdhAraNatvAd ya ekasya rasAsvAdaH so'nyApratikSepAtmA, ityayogavyavacchedena na punrnyyogvyvccheden| aura vAstavika rUpameM na honepara bhI kAvya yA abhinaya [nATaka] ke dvArA vidyamAnase pratIta honevAle jo vibhAvAvi haiM ve [kAvyake] zrotA, anusandhAtA [arthAt nirmAtA tathA prekSaka [tInoMmeM] sAmAnya viSayaka sthAyibhAvako hI rasarUpatAko prApta karAte haiN| yahAM [marthAt kAvyanATakameM] viSaya-vibhAgako apekSA na karane vAlA rasAsvAda hotA hai| [arthAta kAvya nATaka prAvimeM sAmAnya-viSayaka aura vizeSa-viSayaka do prakArakA rasodakoSa nahIM hotA hai| rAmake sItA-viSayaka zRGgArakA anukaraNa honepara sAmAjikameM sItA-viSayaka [arthAt vyakti vizeSase sambana] zRGgArAnubhUti nahIM hotI hai apitu sAmAnya strI-viSayaka [zRGgArakI hI anubhUti hotI hai| loka niyata viSayake vidyamAna na honepara bhI] niyata viSayake smaraNAdi se niyata-viSayaka [arthAta usa smaryamAraNa vyakti-vizeSase sambaddha] hI rasAsvAda hotA hai| arthAt lokameM bhI vibhAvAdiko vAstavika rUpase vidyamAna pora vAstavika rUpase pavidyamAna honepara bhI smaryamANa, do rUpoM meM sthiti ho sakatI hai / aura unase vizeSa-viSayaka arthAt vizeSa-vyaktise sambaddha rUpameM bhI rasAnubhUti ho sakatI hai| kintu kAvya aura nATya meM vibhAvAdi vAstavika rUpameM vidyamAna nahIM hote haiN| kevala kAvya tathA abhinayake dvArA samarpinna hote haiN| isalie unase vizeSa-viSayaka rasAnubhUti na hokara sAmAnya-viSayaka rasAnubhUti hI hotI hai / isa bAtako agalI paMktiyoMko isa prakAra likhate haiM--- aura vAstavameM avidyamAna kintu [kevala] kAvya tathA abhinayakedvArA samarpita vibhAvoMke aneka puruSoMke lie samAna honese [bahusAdhAraNatvAt] jo.[una bahutase sAmAjikoMmeMse kisI ekakA rasAsvAda hai vaha anyakA pratikSepaka rUpa [arthAt anyoMkI rasAnubhUtimeM bAdhaka na hone se[usa vizeSa sAmAjikameM] ayogavyavacchedase [arthAt pravazya] rahatA hai, pranyayoga-vyavacchedaka [arthAt anyoM meM usakI sthitimeM bAdhaka banakara] nahIM rahatA hai| yahA~ 'ya ekasya rasAsvAdaH so'nyApratikSepAtmA ityayogavyavacchedena na puna ranyayogavyavacchedena' yaha sArI paMkti tanika kliSTa paMkti hai| paMktike prArambhameM 'tathA paramArthasato' pada bhI saMdigdha-sA yA bhramajanaka ho sakatA hai / usameM 'tathA' ke mAge 'paramArthasatAM' padAveda na karake tathA aparamArthasatAM' isa prakArakA padaccheda karanA caahie| kyoMki kAvya nATaka pAdimeM jo vibhAvAdi hote haiM ve 'paramArthasat' vAstavika rUpa meM vidyamAna nahIM hote haiN| isalie yahA~ 'tathA aparamArthasatAM' yahI padaccheda karanA ucita hai / isake bAda 'ya ekasya rasAsvAdaH sonyAn prati kSepAtmA' isa prakArakA pATha pUrva saMskaraNameM chapA thaa| pUrva pAThake samAna 1. paramArthasatAM:
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 163 ] tRtIyo vivekaH -- evaM ca loke kAvye vA sarvarasikasAdhAraNa rasAsvAdo na punaH srvthaapyaadhaaraanullekhii| AdhArollekhanirapekSAthAzcittavRtteH kasyAzcidanupalakSaNAt / cittavRttivizeSazca rsH| yaha pATha bhI atyanta bhrAmaka pATha hai| mUla pANDulipimeM to yahA~ 'so'nyApratikSepAtmA' pATha thaa| kintu pUrva saMskaraNake sampAdaka mahodayane 'so'nyAn prati kSepAtmA' yaha pATha sujhAyA hai / kintu yaha pATha ThIka nahIM hai| 'sonyApratikSepAtmA' yahI ThIka hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki kAvya-nATaka meM samarpita vibhAvAdise jo eka vyaktiko rasAsvAda hotA hai vaha bhanyoMkA pratikSepa nahIM karatA hai| arthAt pratyoMkI rasapratItikA bAdhaka yA niSedha karane vAlA nahIM hotA hai| kAvya nATakameM jisa samaya kisI eka vyaktiko rasAsvAda ho rahA hai usake sAtha hI anya aneka vyaktiyoM ko bhI rasAsvAda hotA hai / isI bAtako granthakArane yahA~ 'so'nyApratikSepAtmA' padase dikhalAyA hai / isalie yahI pATha ThIka hai / pUrva-saMskaraNameM sujhAyA gayA pATha ThIka nahIM hai| paba Age 'prayogavyavacchedena na punaranyogavyavacchedena' vAlI paMkti pAtI hai| isakA mabhiprAya yaha hai ki kAvya nATakameM jo eka vyaktikA rasAsvAda hotA hai vaha 'ayogavyavacchedena' usa vizeSa vyaktikA hotA hai 'pranyayogavyavacchedena' nhiiN| 'prayogavyavaccheda' kA artha usa vyaktimeM rasake prayoga arthAt prabhAvakA vyavacchedaka arthAt niSedhaka arthAta usameM sadbhAvakA sUcaka rUpa hotA hai / isameM 'prayoga' aura 'vyavacchedaka' do zabda pAe haiN| ina donoMkA artha abhAva-paraka hai / prabhAvakA prabhAva arthAt bhAva hotA hai / do niSedhoMke eka sAtha prayukta hone para unakA artha bhAva ho jAtA hai| yahA~ prabhAva paraka 'prayoga' tathA 'vyavacchedaka' do zabdoMkA eka sAtha prayoga honese unakA artha bhAva rUpa bana jAtA hai / arthAt kAvya aura nATakoMmeM jo eka vyaktikA rasAsvAda hotA hai vaha usa vyaktimeM rasakI sattAkA hI bodhaka hotA hai| 'na punaranyayogavyavacchedena' yaha isa paMktikA dUsarA bhAga haiN| isakA artha 'anyayoga' arthAt anyoMke sAtha sambandhakA 'vyavacchedaka' arthAt niSedhaka rUpameM 'na' prarthAt nahIM hai yaha hotA hai / arthAt kAvya nATakoMmeM jo ekakA rasAsvAda hotA hai vaha 'manyayogavyavacchedaka' prarthAt anya vyaktiyoMke sAtha usa rasake sambandhake niSedhakake rUpameM nahIM hotA hai| arthAt kAdhya nATaka meM eka vyaktike rasAsvAdakA artha yaha nahIM ho sakatA hai ki anya kisIko rasAsvAda na ho| lokameM to ssAsvAda vizeSa vyaktiyoM taka sImita bhI ho sakatA hai| usa dazAmeM eka vyaktikA rasAsvAda anya vyaktiyoMke rasAsvAdameM bAdhaka ho sakatA hai| kintu kAvya nATakameM eka hI sAmagrIse eka vyaktiko jo rasAsvAda hotA hai vaha usI sAmagrIse anyoMke hone vAle rasAsvAdame bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai / yaha granthakArakA mabhiprAya hai| __ isa prakAra lokameM aura kAvyameM [donoM jagaha saba rasikoMke lie sAdhAraNa spase rasAsvAda hotA hai| [lokameM vizeSa-viSayaka rasAsvAda kevala vizeSa rasika taka sImita hotA hai| kintu sAmAnya viSayaka rasAsvAda rasikamAtrase sambandha rakhatA hai| isa abhiprAyase 'sarvarasikasAdhAraNaH' kahA hai / rasake mAdhArakA sarvathA amullekha karane vAlA nahIM hotA hai bhASArakA ullekha jisameM na ho isa prakArako kisI bhI cittavRttike na pAe jAnese [cittavRtti ke mAdhArake ullekhase rahita rasAnubhUti nahIM ho sakatI hai| cittavRttikA mApAra rasika
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________________ 300 } nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 106, sU0 163 chAtra ca ratyAdervibhAvairAvirbhUtasya poSakAriNo vyabhicAriNo rasikagatA eva grAhyAH / yadA hi vibhAvaiH khyAdibhiH, kAvyanATyagatairvA anyasya ratyAdayo rasonmukhatvenonmIlyante, tadA yathAyogaM vyabhicAriNo'pi tatra prAduHSanti / na hi khyAdicintAM zRGgAro, dhRtiM hAsyo, viSAdaM karuNo, zramarSa raudro, harSa vIraH, trAsaM bhayAnakaH, zaMkAM bIbhatsaH, zrautsukyamadbhuto, nirvedaM zAntaH sahacAriNaM binA prAdurbhavati / zranyagatacetaso viraktacetaso vA vAkyArthAvabodhe vanitAdidarzane'pi vA cintAdyabhAve rasAbhAvAt / saukSmyA dAzubhAvAcca kvacidanupalakSaNe'pi na doSaH / prAdurbhUtAzca vyabhicAriNo rasonmukhaM sthAyinaM poSayanto rasatvamApAdayanti / ata eva rasatvonmukhAnAM sthAyinAM vyabhicAriNaH sahacAriNo, vibhAvAstu prAgbhAvinaH / hai| jisakI citavRtti ho vaha vyakti usa citavRttikA prAdhAra huA / ] cittavRtti-vizeSa hI rasa hai / [ isalie isa pratIti meM usake prAdhArabhUta rasikakA sambandha avazya rahatA hai| yaha granthakArakA abhiprAya hai ] / maura yahAM vibhAvoMse prAvirbhUta hone vAle rati Adi [ sthAyibhAva ] ko puSTa karane vAle vyabhicAribhAva rasikagata ho lene caahie| [ naTagata yA anukAryagata vyabhicAriyoM se sAmAjikagata ratyAdiko puSTi nahIM hotI haiM yaha abhiprAya hai ] / jaba [lokameM] strI prAdi vibhAvoM se, athavA kAvya nATyagata vibhAvoMse dUsaroMko ratyAdikA rasonmukha rUpase unmIlana hotA hai taba [una sAmAjikoM] ke bhItara yathocita vyabhicAribhAvoMkA bhI AvirbhAva hotA hai / kyoMki strI prAdikI cintA [ rUpa vyabhicAribhAva ] ke binA zRGgArarasa, dhRti [ rUpa . vyabhicAribhAva] ke binA hAsya, vivAda [ rUpa vyabhicAribhAva ] ke binA karuNa, amarSake binA raudra, harSake binA vIra, trAsa [rUpa sahacArI] ke binA bhayAnaka, zaMkA [rUpa sahacArI] ke binA bIbhatsa, zrautsukya [rUpa sahacArI] ke binA zradbhuta aura nirveda [rUpa sahacArI ] ke binA zAntakA prAvirbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki cittake dUsarI ora lage honepara prathavA viraktacittako cintAdi [ sahacAriyoM] ke prabhAva meM [kAvya nATakake] vAkyoMke arthakA jJAna hone athavA [ sAkSAt rUpameM] strI prAdike darzana honepara bhI zRGgAra rasako anubhUti yA utpatti nahIM hotI hai / [ kahIM yadi citAdike binA bhI rasakI pratIti anubhava ho to vahA~ yaha samajhanA cAhie ki] sUkSma honeke kAraNa athavA pratyanta zIghratAke kAraraNa [una sahacAriyoMko sthiti honepara bhI] unake na dikhalAI deneke kAraNa usameM koI doSa nahIM prAtA hai / [ isa prakAra laukika strI prAdi vibhAvoM athavA kAvya nATakagata vibhAvoMse rasikoMmeM] prAdurbhUta hone vAle vyabhicAribhAva rasonmukha sthAyibhAvako puSTa karate hue [usako ] rasatvako prApta karAte haiM / isIlie vyabhicAribhAva rasonmukha sthAyibhAvoMke sahacArI [kahalAte] haiM / aura vibhAva to [sthAyibhAvoMke ] pUrvavartI [arthAt kAraNa kahalAte ] haiM / rasake lakSaNakI kArikAmeM graMthakArane 'zritotkarSo vibhAvavyabhicAribhiH yaha kahA thA / isameM vyabhicAribhAvase graMthakAra rasikagata vyabhicAribhAvoMkA grahaNa karanA cAhate haiM / yadyapi vyabhicAribhAva naTAdimeM bhI ho sakate haiM kintu una sabako ve kevala vibhAva mAnate haiM / maTagata anubhAva vyabhicAribhAva granthakAra kI dRSTimeM vibhAvakoTike hI prantagaMta hote haiM / isalie yahA~ vyabhicAribhAva sAmAjikagata hI lene caahie| isI bAta ko aura adhika khola
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________________ kA0 106, sU0 163 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 301 ye punaH stryAdigatAH kAvyAbhinayopadarzitAzca vyabhicAriNo'nubhAvA vA te parasmin rasonmukhatvena sthAyinamunmIlayanti / te vibhAvA eva jnktvaat| vyamicAri-anubhAvavyapadezaH punareteSAM styAdyapekSayA, varNanIyAnukAryApekSayA ca / . yadapyucyate-'vibhAvAnubhAvavyabhicArisaMyogAd rasaniSpattiH' iti tatrApyanubhAvA vyabhicAriNazca tyAdivarNanIyAnukAryApekSayaiva drssttvyaaH| .. tadevaM sva-parayoH pratyakSa-parokSAbhyAMgamaH sukha-duHkhAtmA (1) lokasya (2) naTasya (3-4) kAvya-zrotR-anusandhAtroH (5) prekSakasya ca rsH| kevalaM mukhyastrI-pusayoH spaSTenaiva rUpeNa raso, vibhAvAnAM paramArthasattvAt / ata eva vyAbhicAriNo'nubhAvAzca kara Age likhate haiM aura [lokameM] jo strI prAdimeM rahane vAle athavA [kAvya tathA nATakameM] kAvya tathA abhinayake dvArA samarpita vyabhicAribhAva athavA anubhAva hote haiM ve dUsaroMke bhItara [arthAt sAmAjikoMke hRdayameM] sthAyibhAvako rasonmukha banAte haiN| isalie [rasAnubhUtike] kAraNa rUpa honese vibhAva hI kahalAte haiN| unake lie vyabhicAribhAva yA anubhAva zabdakA prayoga [sAmAjikako dRSTise nahIM hotA hai apitu lokameM kevala strI prAdiko apekSAse aura [kAvya nATakameM] varNanIya anukAryako apekSAse hI hotA hai / [arthAt anukArya rAmAdimeM athavA naTameM athavA lokameM strI prAdi niSTha jo anubhAva yA vyabhicAribhAva hote haiM ve una logoMkI dRSTise to anubhAva yA vyabhicAribhAva kahe jA sakate haiM kintu sAmAjikakI dRSTise ve saba rasake kAraNa rUpa honese vibhAva hI kahe jAte haiN| sthAyibhAvoMkI puSTi ke lie yahAM jina anubhAvoM tathA vyabhicAribhAvoMkA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai ve rasikagata arthAt sAmAjikagata anubhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAva ho ho sakate haiN| aura [bhAratamunine] jo "vibhAva, anubhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAvoMke saMyogase rasakI niSpatti hotI hai" yaha kahA hai yahA~ bhI anubhAva aura vyabhicAribhAva [lokameM] strI prAdi [aura kAvya nATakameM] varNanIya anukAryakI apekSAse hI samajhane caahie| isa prakAra granthakArake matameM rasakI pratIti yA rasAnubhUtike AdhAra cAra hote haiM / lokameM (1) strI Adi vibhAvoMmeM bhI rasakI pratIti hotI hai aura (2) unako dekhane bAle prekSakoMko bhI / strI prAdikI rasAnubhUti svagata aura pratyakSAtmaka hotI hai| prekSakakI rasapratIti paragata aura parokSAtmaka hotI hai / nATaka meM (3) naTako svagata pratyakSAtmaka, rasapratIti aura (4) prekSakako usa naTagata yA paramata rasakI parokSAtmaka pratIti hotI hai| isI bAta ko agale anuccheda meM nimna prakAra kahate haiM isa prakAra (1) [lokasya] lokako [aMrthAt laukika rUpameM sthita puruSako], (2) [naTasya arthAt naTako, (3) kAvya [tathA nATaka donoM ke zrotA, tathA (4) anusandhAtA [arthAt kartA] ko evaM (5) prekSaka [sAmAjika ko [ina pAMcoMko do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta karane para pahile cArako eka koTimeM rakhanese una cAroMke eka vargako svataH pratyakSa rUpameM tathA pAMcavIM prekSaka arthAt sAmAjikako paragata aura parokSa rUpameM rasakI pratIti hotI hai| isI bAtako yahA~ 'sva-parayoH pratyakSa-parokSAmyAM' zamdase kahA hai] sva tathA parako [kramazaH] pratyakSa tathA parokSa rUpase sukha-duHkhAtmaka rasa pratIta hotA hai / isameMse bhI [lokameM kevala mukhya strI
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________________ 302 ] nATyadarpa [ kA0 106, sU0 163 `rasajanyAH tatra spaSTarUpAH / anyatra tu prekSakAdau dhyAmalenaiva rUpeNa / vibhAvAnAmaparamArtha satAmeva kAvyAdinA darzanAt / ata eva vyabhicAriNo'nubhAvAzca rasAnu - sAreNAspaSTA eva / ata eva prekSakAdigato raso lokottara ityucyate / kAvyasya ca rasAvirbhAvakavibhAvavatvAt sarasatvam / na punaH kAvyameva rasaH, kAvye AdhAre vA rasaH / zritotkarSo hi cetovRttirUpaH sthAyI bhAvo rasaH / sa cAcetasya kAvyasyAtmA Adheyo vA kathaM syAt ? tataH kAvyArtha pratipatteranantaraM pratipatRNAM rasAvirbhAvaH / pratipattArazcAtmastha sukhamiva rasamAsvAdayanti / na punarbahiHsthaM rasaM modakamiva pratiyanti / anyo hi modakasyAsvAdo'nyazca pratyayo rasasya / na hi bahisthasya rasasya pratyayamAtreNa rasAsvAdazcarvaNAtmakaH saMgacchate / bhayAnaka- karuNavibhAvAddhi kAvyArthAt pratipattuzcetodharmatayA sthitau bhUya- zokau bhayAnaka - karuNatayA pariNamataH / yadi ca pratipattuH sthAyI eva na rasatayA bhavati tadA bahiHsthasya rasasya pratyayo'pi na puruSameM vibhAvoMke vAstavika honese rasakI spaSTarUpase pratIti hotI hai| isalie unameM rasase utpanna hone vAle [ rasake kAryabhUta] anubhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAva spaSTarUpa hote haiM / anyatra prekSaka AdimeM [ dhyAmala arthAt ] aspaSTa rUpame hI [ anubhAva vyabhicAribhAva hote haiM] kAvyAvike dvArA vAstava meM zravidyamAna vibhAvAdike ho upasthita kie jAnese [ unake dvArA honevAlI rasapratIti bhI aspaSTa hI hotI hai] / isIlie [prekSakAdimeM] vyabhicAribhAva tathA anubhAva bhI rasake anusAra aspaSTa hI hote haiM / ata eva prekSaka AdimeM rahane vAlA rasa [ prasat vibhAvoMse utpanna aura aspaSTa anubhAva vyabhicAribhAva yukta honese] lokottara kahalAtA hai / rasake AvirbhAva karAnevAle vibhAvAdise yukta honese kAvyako sarasa mAnA jAtA hai / na to kAvya ho rasa hai aura na kAvya rUpa zrAdhAra meM rasa rahatA hai| [isalie kAvyakI sarasatAkA upapAdana rasake zrAvirbhAvaka vibhAvAdike usameM vidyamAnaM honeke kAraNa hI kiyA jA sakatA hai ] / paripuSTa huprA cittavRtti rUpa sthAyibhAva ho rasa [ kahalAtA ] hai / vaha pracetana kAvyakA zrAtmA yA Adheya nahIM ho sakatA hai / isalie kAvya ke arthako samajha lene ke bAda samajhane vAle [prekSaka yA zrotA ] ke bhItara rasakA avirbhAva hotA hai / zraura anubhava karane vAle [prekSakAdi ] apane bhItara rahane vAle sukhake samAna, rasakA AsvAdana karate haiN| modaka prAdike samAna bAhara rahane vAle rasakA graharaNa nahIM karate / modaka prAdikA zrAsvAdana anya prakArakA hotA hai aura rasakA jJAna aura tarahakA / bAhara rahane vAle rasake jJAnamAtrase carvaNAtmaka rasAsvAdakA upapAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai [ zrarthAt yadi modakAdike samAna rasako bahistha bAhara rahanevAlA mAna liyA jAya to usakI carjaragAkA upapAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie bAhya rasakA anubhava nahIM hotA hai zrapitu anubhava karane vAleke hRdaya meM bhItara rahane vAle sukhAdike samAna hI rasakA AsvAdana hotA hai ] / kyoMki bhayAnaka tathA kararaNa vibhAvoMkA varNana karane vAle kAvyake arthase jJAtA [ sAmAjika ] ke citta-dharmake rUpa meM sthita bhaya tathA zoka [sthAyibhAva] bhayAnaka tathA karuNa rasake rUpameM pariragata ho jAte haiM / yadi sAmAjikakA sthAyibhAva hI rasa rUpa na mAnA jAya to phira bAhara rahanevAle rasakI pratIti bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai / kyoMki kAvya yA naTameM yA kahIM anyatra rasa
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________________ kA0 110, sa0 164 ] . tRtIyo vivekaH prApnoti / kAvye naTe'nyatra vA rasasyAsattrAt / asatazcApi pratyaye ahRdayasyApi pratItiH syAt / tato vibhAvapratipAdakakAvyapratipatteranantaraM pratipattureva sthAyI raso bhavati / taddhetutvAcca kAvyaM rasavaditi / [7] 106 // atha rasabhedakathanAvasare'pi prastAvAgatAnAmanubhAvAdisaMjJAnAM viSayaM lakSayati[sUtra 164]-kArya-hetuH sahacArI sthAyyAdeH kAvyavAni / anubhAvo vibhAvazca vyabhicArI ca kIrtyate // [8]110 // sthAyinAM zrAdizabdAd rasabhAvAnAM ca SAsambhavaM ye lokasiddhAH kArya-hetusahacAriNaH,te kAvyavartmaninAmaneyAnabhineya bhedAbhanne yathAsaMkhyaM anubhAva-vibhAvavyabhicAritaMjAmiH kIrtyante / kAvyasaMskAratiraskRtAtmabhiH kadAcilloke'pyevaM vyavadviyante / tatra anu liMganizcayAt pazvA bhAvayanti gamayanti liGginaM rasamityanubhAvAH, stammAdayaH / vAsanAtmatayA sthitaM sthAyinaM rasatvena bhavantaM vibhAvayanti AvirbhAvanAvizeSaNa prayojayanti iti pAlambana-uddIpanarUpA lalanodyAnAdayo vibhaavaaH| rasonmukhaM sthAyinaM prati viziSTenAbhimukhyena caranti vartante iti vyabhicAriNaH / Abhimukhya rahatA hI nahIM hai| to phira usakI pratIti hI kaise ho sakegI? aura sAmAjikake bhItara] vidyamAna [rasa] kI pratIti mAnanepara to asahRdayoMkobhI hone lgegii| isalie vibhAvAdike pratipAdaka kAvyako samajhaneke bAda pratipattA sAmAjikake bhItara rahane vAlA sthAyibhAva hI rasa bana jAtA hai / aura usakA kAraNa honese kAvya rasavat kahalAtA hai // [7] 106 // aba rasake bhedoMke kathanakA avasara honepara bhI prakaraNameM pAe hue anubhAva prAli saMjJAoMkA viSaya batalAte haiM [arthAt anubhAva AdikA lakSaNa karate haiM / sthAyibhAva prAdike [ lokasiddha ] kArya, kAraNa aura sahacAriyoMko kAvyamArgameM kramazaH anubhAva, vibhAva-tathA vyabhicAribhAva kahA jAtA hai / [8]110 // sthAyibhAvoMke, aura Adi-zabdase rasa tathA [rativAdiviSayA bhAvaH prAdi lakSaraNake prAnusAra devAdi-viSayaka rati-rUpa] bhAvoMke jo lokasiddha yathAsambhava kArya, kAraNa aura sahakArI hote haiM ve abhinaya aura anabhineya donoM prakArake kAvyamArgameM kramazaH anubhAva, vibhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAva nAmoMse kahe jAte haiM, aura kAvyasaMskArase prabhAvita logoMke dvArA kabhI-kabhI lokameM bhI isI prakAra [arthAt anubhAva prAdi nAmoMse] kahe jAte haiM / aAge ina tIna zabdoM kA avayavArtha dikhalAte haiN| unameMse 'anu' arthAt liGgake nizcayake bAda [rasako] bhAvita arthAt boSita karane vAle honese [kArya rUpa] stambha prAdi [rasake kArya] 'anubhAva' kahalAte haiN| yaha anunAva zabdakA avayavArtha hyaa| Age vibhAva zabdakA nirvacana karate haiN| bAsanA rUpase sthita, rasarUpatAko prApta honevAle, [ ratyAdi ] sthAyibhAvako vizeSa rUpase bhAvita karate haiM pArthAt vizeSa rUpase prAvirbhata karate haiM ve lalanA aura udyAnAdirUpa [rasake kramaza: pAlambana tathA uddIpana rUpa [kAraNa bhAva' kahalAte haiN| [mANe vyabhicAribhAva zabdakA nirvacana karate haiN| rasonmukha sthAvibhAvakeprati vizeSa prakAra ke prAbhimukhyase caraNa karanevAle arthAt vidyamAna honevAle honese 'tyabhicAribhAva' kahalAte haiN| [ 'prAbhimukhyena caranti'meM] 'mAbhimukhya kA artha poSakatva hai / [prAge vyabhicArabhAva zabdakA dUsare prakArakA
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________________ 304 ] darpaNam [ kA0 110 sU0 164 ca poSakatvam / yadvA vyabhicaranti sthAyini satyapi ke'pi kadApi na bhavantIti vyabhicAriNaH, svavibhAvavyabhicAriNaH bhAve bhAvAt abhAve'bhAvAcca / rasAyanamupayuktavato hi glAni - Alasya zramaprabhRtayo na bhavantyeva / tatra sthAyino ratyAdayaH saMvidAtmakatvAdajaDA eva / dhairyAdInAM khedAdInAM cAnubhAvAnAM vanitAdInAM parvatAdInAM ca vibhAvAnAM nirvedAdInAM vyAdhyAdInAM ca vyabhicAriNAM yathAsaMkhyaM saMvinmayatva - zarIradharmatvAdinA jaDAjaDAtmakatvam / ete cAnubhAvAdayaH sthAyinaM prati kArya-kAraNa- sahacArirUpatvAdevApradhAnam / sthAyI tu prakarSaprAptyA eSAM pracchAdakatvAt pradhAnam / tathA vyAghrAdervibhAvasya krodhanirvacana karate haiM ] sthAyibhAvake vidyamAna honepara bhI kabhI koI [ vyabhicAribhAva ] nahIM hotA hai isalie [ sthAyibhAvake sAtha praniyata arthAt ] vyabhicArI honese vyabhicAribhAva [kahalAte haiM] arthAt zrapane vibhAvake honepara bhI na honese aura [apane vibhAvAdi rUpa kAraraNoMke ] na honepara bhI honese [ye] apane vibhAvoMke vyabhicAribhAva [kahalAte] haiN| kyoMki rasAyanakA upayoga karanevAloMko glAni, zrAlasya, thakAvaTa mAdi nahIM hote haiM [isalie jo apane kAraNa ke honepara zravazya hotA hai aura usake na honepara nahIM hI hotA hai vaha 'zravyabhicArI' kahalAtA hai / aura jo kAraNake na honepara bhI ho yA kAraNake honepara bhI na ho vaha 'vyabhicArI' kahalAtA hai / unameM se ratyAdirUpa sthAyibhAva jJAnasvarUpa honese cetanAtmaka hI hote haiN| dhairyAdi [rUpa mAnasa ] pranubhAva jJAnarUpa honese prajar3a tathA svedAdi [rUpa zArIrika] anubhAva jar3Atmaka [hote ] haiM / vanitAdi [vibhAva cetana rUpa] tathA parvatAdi vibhAva [zracetana rUpa hote haiM] praura nirvedAdi [ vyabhicArabhAva jJAna rUpa honese ajar3a ] tathA vyAdhyAdi rUpa vyabhicAribhAva [ zarIradharma honese jaDAtmaka hote haiM / ataH ye kramazaH ] jJAnarUpa [ prajar3a ] tathA zarIradharmAdi rUpa [jaDa isa prakAra ] jaDa aura cetana ubhayarUpa hote haiM / The kintu vedAntI gugNa isa anuccheda meM granthakArane sthAyibhAvoMko kevala cetanasvarUpa tathA anubhAva, vibhAva evaM vyabhicArabhAvoM ko cetana acetana ubhayaviva mAnA hai / sthAyibhAvoMko cetanasvarUpa mAnane kA yaha hetu diyA hai ki ve jJAnAtmaka hote haiM / vedAntAdi zAstroMke anusAra jJAnAtmakatA hI cetanAkA svarUpa hai / sthAyibhAva jJAnAtmaka 'saMvinmaya' honese cetana svarUpa hI hai yaha granthakArakA zrAzaya hai / nyAya siddhAntameM jJAna cetana zrAtmAkA guNa hai| svayaM cetana nahIM hai / naiyAyika guNa ra guNI arthAt jJAna aura prAtmAkA bheda mAnate haiM / guNIkA bheda nahIM mAnate haiN| isalie unake matameM jJAna cetanakA guNa nahIM apitu cetanasvarUpa hI hai / isa siddhAntako lekara granthakArane yahA~ sthAyibhAvoMko jJAnasvarUpa hone se cetana hI mAnA hai / aura anubhAva, vibhAva va vyabhicAribhAvoM meM se kucha jJAnarUpa bhI hote haiM aura kucha jJAnase bhinna zarIradharmabhUta bhI hote haiM isalie unako ja mAnA hai / zrAge sthAyibhAvoMko pradhAnatA tathA anubhAva-vibhAva dikhalAte hue unake guraNa pradhAnabhAvakA nirUpaNa karate haiM zrajaDAtmaka arthAt ubhayarUpa dikI zrapradhAnatAkA hetu ye anubhAvAdi sthAyibhAvake prati kArya, kAraNa tathA sahakArI rUpa honese prapradhAna mAne jAte haiM / sthAyibhAva prakarSako prApta hokara ina [ anubhAvAdi] kA pracchAdaka hone jAnese
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________________ kA0 111 sU0 165 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 305 bhAvirbhAvakatvAt zrama - cintAdezca vyabhicAriNo bhayotsAhAdipoSakatvAn, stambhavepathu-svedAdezcAnubhAvasya zRGgAra bhayAnakadijatvAt kvacidapi na pArthako niyamaH / sAmagrIpatitasya tu niyama iti sAmagrI evaiSAmAvirbhAvikA poSikA jJApikA ceti // [8]110|| sir prastutAneva rasabhedAnAha [sU0 165 ] - zRGgAra- hAsya-karuragAH raudra-dIra-bhayAnakAH / bIbhatsAdbhuta zAntAzca rasAH sadbhirnava smRtAH // [![6] 111 // tatra kAmasya sarvajAtisulabhatayA atyantaparicitayA ca sarvAn prati hRdyeti pUrva zRGgAraH / tataH zRGgArAnugAmitvAd hAsyaH / tato hAsyavirodhitvAt karuNaH ! kAmasya vArthatvAt tato'rthapradhAno raudraH / kAmArthayozva dharmajanyatvAt tato dharmapradhAno vIraH / asya ca bhItAbhayapradAnasAratvAt tato bhayAnakaH / bhItasya ca sAttvikaiju gupsanIyapradhAna mAnA jAtA hai / (1) vyAghrAdi vibhAvoMke [ raudra rasake sthApibhAva ] krodha, tathA [bhayAnaka rasake sthAyibhAva ] bhayake zrAvirbhAvaka honese, (2) zrama tathA cintAdi vyabhicAribhAvoMke [ bhayAnakake sthAyibhAva ] bhaya aura [ vIrarasa ke sthAyibhAva ] utsAhAdi donoMkA poSaka honeke kAraNa, (3) ! isI prakAra ] stambha, vepathu Adi anubhAvoMke zrRMgAra tathA bhayAnaka donoMse janya honeke kAraNa alaga-alaga [ rasoMke vibhAva zranubhAva tathA vyabhicAribhASoM ke nizcita rUpase alaga ] honekA koI niyama nahIM hai| [kisI vizeSa rasakI] sAmagrI meM thA jAnepara to niyama hai / isalie sAmagrI ho inako utpanna karanevAlI, poSaraNa karanevAlI aura jJApana karAnevAlI hotI hai [ yaha samajhanA cAhie] / / [8] 110 // aba [ dhAge ] prastuta rasabhedoMkA hI varNana [ prArambha] karate haiM [ sUtra 165 ] - 1. zrRMgAra, 2. hAsya, 3. karuraNa, 4 raudra, 5. vIra, 6. bhayAnaka, 7. bIbhatsa, 8. adbhuta aura 6. zAnta ye nau rasa sahRdayoMne mAne hai / / [6] 111 // unameM kAmake saba jAtiyoMmeM sulabha, aura atyanta paricita honese tathA sabake prati usakI manoharatA hotI hai isa kAraNa sabase pahile usakA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| zrRMgArakA anugAmI honeke kAraNa usake bAda hAsya [ kahA ] hai / hAsyakA virodhI honese usa [hAsya ] ke bAda karuNa rakhA gayA hai| [isa prakAra hAsya praura karaNakA kAma se sambandha dikhalAkara ba raudrakA bhI kAmase sambandha dikhalAte haiM ] / kAmake arthaja honese usa [karaNa] ke bAda prarthapradhAna raudra [ rakhA gayA hai] kAma aura prathaM donoMke dharmajanya hone ke kAraNa usa [raudrarasa ] ke bAda dharmapradhAna vIrarasa rakhA gayA hai / yaha vIra rasa mukhya rUpase bhayabhItoMko prabhaya pradAna karanevAlA hotA hai isalie [bhayake sAtha sambaddha honese ] usake bAda bhayAnakakA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / sAtvika vRttike loga bhayakI nindA karate haiM isalie [bhayakA jugupsAke sAtha sambandha honese usake bAda [ jugupsA sthAyibhAva vAlA ] bIbhatsa rasa rakhA gayA hai / bIbhatsa kA vismayake dvArA nAza ho jAtA hai isalie [ bIbhatsakA vismayake sAtha sambandha honese ] usake bAda [ vismaya sthAyibhAva vAlA ] adbhuta rasa rakhA gayA hai| dharmakA mUla kAraNa zama
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________________ 306 ] - nATyadarpaNam kA0 212, sU0 166 tvAt tato bIbhatsaH / bIbhatsamya ca vimmayenApanIyamAnatvAt tato'dbhataH / dharmasya ca zamamUlatvAt tadante shmH| iti / ete zRGgArAdayo navaiva rasA raJjanAvizeSeNa puruSArthopayogAdhikyena ca sadbhiH pUrvAcAryairupadiSTAH / sambhavanti tyapare'pi / yathAgarddhasthAyI laulyH| AItAsthAyI snehaH / AsaktisthAyi vyasanam / aratisthAyi duHkham / santoSasthAyi sukhaamityaadi| kecideSAM pUrvadhvantarbhAvamAhuriti / [6]112 / / atha sabhedaM zRMgAraM nirUpati[sUtra 166]-sambhoga-vipralambhAtmA zRGgAraH prathamo bahuH / mAna-pravAsa-zApecchA-virahaiH paJcadhA'paraH // 10]112 // vilAsinoranyonyAnukUlavatinoH premaparayoryad darzana-sparzanAdiH, sa sambhogaH / parasparAnuraktayorapi vilAsinoH pAratantryAderaghaTanaM cittavizleSo vA vipralambhaH / etau dvAvasyavasthAvizeSau AtmA svabhAvo yasya avasthAtu-rdazAdvayAnuyAyinaH AsthAbandhAtmakaratiprakarSarUpanya zRMgArasya / tena zRMgArasya nemau bhedau gotvasyeva zAvaleyabAhuleyau, apitu sambhoge'pi vipralambhasambhAvanAsadbhAvAt , vipralambhe'pi manasA sambhogAnuvAd ubhayasaMvalitasvabhAvaH shRNgaarH| utkaTatvAccaikadeze'pi sambhogazRMgAro vipralambhazRMgAra iti copacAreNocyate / avasthAdvayamIlananibandhane ca sAtizayazcamatkAraH / yathAhai isalie sabase antameM zama [ sthAyibhAva vAlA zAntarasa ] rakhA gayA hai| vizeSarUpase manoraJjaka tathA puruSArthokI siddhimeM upayogI honeke kAraNa zrRMgAra prAdi ye nau rasa hI pUrvavartI sahRvaya prAcAryone nirdiSTa kie haiN| kintu inase bhinna aura rasa bhI ho sakate haiN| jaise tRSNA rUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA lolya, prArdratArUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA sneha, AsaktirUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA vyasana, arati rUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA duHkha aura santoSa rUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA sukha ityAdi [anya rasa bhI ho sakate haiM / kucha loga [inako rasa to mAnate haiM kintu] inakA antarbhAva pUrvokta nau rasoMmeM hI kara lete haiM / [6]111 // aba prAge bhedoM sahita zRMgAra rasakA nirUparaNa [prArambha karate haiM [sUtra 166]-sambhoga aura vipralambhAtmaka do prakArakA zrRMgArarasa hotA hai| unameMse pahilA [arthAt sambhoga zRMgAra) ananta prakArakA [bahuH] hotA hai| dUsarA [vipralambha zRMgAra] 1. mAna, 2. pravAsa, 3. zApa, 4. IrSyA tathA 5. viraha rUpa pA~ca prakArakA hotA hai| [10] 111 / eka-dUsareke anukUla par3anevAle aura eka-dUsareko prema karane vAle [strI-puruSa rUpa do vilAsiyoMkA jo paraspara darzana sparzana prAdi hai vaha sambhoga [zRMgAra kahalAtA hai| paraspara anurakta honepara bhI paratantratA prAdike kAraNa [strI-puruSa rUpa] donoM vilAsiyoMkA paraspara milana na ho sakanA athavA cittakA vilaga ho jAnA vipralambha zRMgAra [kahalAtA] hai| ye donoM avasthA vizeSa jisa avasthAvAn premabandha rUpa ratike utkarSa rUpa zRgArakA prAramA arthAt svabhAvabhUta hai vaha ['sambhoga-vipralambhAtmA' hai| yaha isa zabdakA artha hai] / isalie gauoMke citakabarI paura kAlI [ zAbaleyatva bhaura kAhuleyatva ] bhedoMke samAna ye [sambhoga tathA vipralambha ] donoM alaga-alaga bheda nahIM hai / apitu sambhogameM bhI vipralambhakI
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________________ kA0 112, sU0 166 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 307 "ekasmin zayane parAGmukhatayA vItottaraM tAmyatoranyonyaM . hRdayasthite'pyanunaye saMrakSatogauravam / dampatyoH zanakairapAMgavalanAmizrIbhavacakSuSo rbhagno mAnakaliH sahAsarabhasavyAvRttakaNThagraham // " atra IyAvipralambha-sambhogayovirbhAvAdikRtA sAtizayA cmtkRtiH| prathamaH sambhogAnyo bhuH| prspraavlokn-cumbn-vicitrvkroktyaadibhedto'nntprkaarH| yathA "kimapi kimapi mandaM mandamAsaktiyogAdaviralitakapolaM . jalpatorakrameNa / azithilaparirambhavyApUtaikaikadoSNo raviditagatayAmA ratrireva vyaraMsIt // " aparo vipralambhaH / IrSyA-praNayabhaMgAbhyAM vaimanasya mAnaH / yathA "yAte dvAravatI tadA madhuripau tahattamampAnatAM, kAlindItaTarUDhavaMjulalatAmAliMgya sotkaNThayA ' sambhAvanA bane rahane aura vipralambha meM bhI manameM sambhogakA [icchAtmaka ambandha vidyamAna rahanese zRMgArarasa ubhayAtmaka hotA hai| kintu [kisI eka aMzako] pradhAnatA kAraNa sambhoga zRMgAra, vipralambha-zRMgAra isa prakAra kahA jAtA hai| donoM avasthAmake sammizraNakA varNana honepara vizeSa camatkAra hotA hai| jaise "rUThe honeke kAraNa eka hI palaMgapara leTe honepara bhI cupacApa duHkhI hote hue aura manameM eka-dUsareke manAneko icchA hote hue bhI apane-apane gauravakI rakSA karane meM lage hue bampatiyoMke ghorese prAMkheM ghumAkara dekhate samaya pAkha-se-AMkha mila jAnapara unakA praNayakalaha svayaM hI samApta ho gayA aura [donoMne haMsate hue vegase eka-dUsarekA kiNThagraha prAliMgana kara liyaa|" isameM IrSyAvipralambha aura sambhoga donoMkI [eka sAtha mizrita rUpameM] vibhAvAdike kAraNa atyanta camatkArayukta pratIti hotI hai| pahilA sambhoga nAmaka zRMgAra bahuta prakArakA hotA hai / arthAt eka-dUsareke avalokana, cumbana aura nAnA prakArake sundara vArtAlApa mAdi bhedase ananta prakArakA hotA hai / jaise ___ atyanta premake kAraNa gAlase gAla milAe hue, gADha prAliMganameM jinakI eka-eka bhujA lagI huI hai isa prakArake [hama donoM sItA aura rAmacandrake] binA kramake [saMgata asaMgata sabhI prakArako] bAta karate hue hI sArI rAta bIta gii|" yaha uttararAmacaritakA zloka hai / isameM sambhoga zRGgArake aneka rUpoMkA pradarzana karAyA gayA hai| dUsarA vipralambha zRMgAra [ pA~ca prakArakA hotA hai yaha bAta kahI jA cukI hai| una pAMca bhedoMmeMse ] IrSyA athavA praNaya kalahake kAraNa honevAlA vaimanasya mAna kahalAtA hai| [mAnakA udAharaNa] jaise
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________________ nATyadarpaNam tad gItaM guruvASpagadgadagalattArasvaraM rAdhayA, yenAntarjalacAribhirjalacarairapyutkamutkUjitam // " sannihitadezasyApi rUpAntarApAdanaM zApaH / yathA kAdambaryA mahAzvetayA vazampAyanasya zukarUpApAdanam / mAtApitrAdipArataMtryAd bhAvinavasaMgamayoH saMgamAbhilASa icchA / yathA-"uddhaccho piyai jalaM jaha jaha viralaMgulI ciraM pahiyo / pAvAliyA vi taha taha dhAraM tara pi taguei // [UrdhvAkSaH pibati jalaM yathA yathA viralAMgulizciraM pathikaH / pApAlikApi tathA tathA dhArAM tanukAmapi tanayati // " iti saMskRtam ] | 308 ] yathA vAsmAkaM sudhAkalaze [ kA0 112, sU0 166 " ratthAi saMcarataM niyacchiu pADivesiyajuyANaM / kammaya kammaM pi hu varaNavaidhUzrA sayaM kuraNai // [ rathyAyAM saMcarantaM dRSTvA prativezmikayuvAnam / karmakarIkarmApi khalu dhanapatiduhitA svayaM kurute // " iti saMskRtam ] | "taba kRSNajIke dvArakA cale jAnepara virahAkula huI rAdhAne una [kRSNa] ke dvArA jhoMkA die jAne ke kAraNa jhukI huI yamunAke kinArekI vetasalatAko pakar3akara bar3e-bar3e AMsU DarakAte hue aura bhare hue galese ucca svarase isa prakAra rudana kiyA ki jisako sunakara [ yamunAke] jalake bhItara rahanevAle jalajantu bhI gardana uThAkara rone lage / yaha [ praNayabhaMgajanya mAnarUpa vipralambha-zRMgArakA udAharaNa hai] / [ vipralambhakA dUsarA bheda yA kAraNa zApa hai / usakA lakSaNa karate haiM ] samIpastha rahanevAlekA bhI anya rUpa karA denA zApa kahalAtA hai| jaise kAdambarI meM mahAzvetAke dvArA vaMzampAyana ko zuka rUpameM banA denA [zApakA udAharaNa hai] / . mAtA-pitA zrAdike paratantra honeke kAraraNa [ isa samaya jinakA milana nahIM ho pA rahA hai kintu ] zrAge jinakA prathama milana honevAlA hai unakI paraspara milanakI icchA abhilAva (kahalAtI ] hai [ usake kAraNa do premiyoMkA jo milanakA abhAva hai vaha abhilASajanya vipralambha kahalAtA hai] / jaise " [pAnI pilAnevAlIke pAsa dera taka rahaneke lie] Upara dekhate hue pathika aMjaliko aMguliyoMko virala arthAt kholakarake jaise-jaise pAnI pI rahA hai usI prakAra pyAUvAlI pahalese hI patalI dhArAko aura bhI adhika patalI karatI jAtI hai [arthAt pAnI pInevAle pathika aura pilAnevAlI prapApAlikA donoM hI adhikase adhika kAlataka eka-dUsareke pAsa rahanA cAhate haiM] / " zrathavA jaise hamAre [banAye hue ] sudhAkalaza meM [ prabhilASakA udAharaNa ] - "par3osI yuvakako galImeM ghUmatA hudyA dekhakara dhanapatiko putrI naukarAnIke karane yogya kAmoMko bhI apane-zrApa kara rahI hai [jisase usa yuvakako dekhanekA avasara mila sake] / "
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________________ kA0 113, sU0 167 } tRtIyo vivekaH [ 306 sambhUtabhogayormAtAdyabhAve'pi kAryAntaravyApRtatayA ananusarparNa virahaH / yathA "anyatra vrajatIti kA khalu kathA nApyasya tAk suhRt , yo mAM necchati nAgatazca ha hA ko'yaM vidheH prakramaH ? ityalpetarakalpanA-kavalitasvAntA nizAntAntare, bAlA vRttavivartanavyatikarA nApnoti nidrAM nizi // " iti // [10] 112 // athobhayAtmano'pi zRMgArasya vibhAvAnubhAvau pratipAdayati[sUtra 167]-strI-pusa-kAvya-gItatu-mAlya-veSeSTa-kelijaH / abhineyaH sa cotsAha-cATu-tApAzru-manyubhiH // - [11] 113 // iha zRGgAre strI-pusau parasparaM mukhyvibhaavau| tayozcottamaprakRtikayorupayogI kAvyAdiH / kAvyaM ca sarasamabhineyAnabhineyabhedaminnam / gItena vAdyanRttAdyapi gRhyate / Rtavo vasantAdyAH / mAlyena vilepana-tAmbUla-viziSTabhavanAdi lakSyate / veSo jinakA sammilana pahile ho cukA hai isa prakArake premiyoMkA mAtA-pitA prAvike pratibandhake binA bhI anya kAryoMke kAraNa paraspara milana na ho sakanA viraha [ kahalAtA hai| __ "mire pati kahIM praura calA jAya aisA to socanA bhI prasaMgata hai, aura unakA koI aisA mitra bhI nahIM hai jo mujhe na cAhatA ho [arthAt kisI mitrane unako rokakara mujhe kaSTa diyA ho aisI bAtabhI nahIM ho sakatI hai kintu phirabhI abhItaka pAe nahIM, hAya, bhagavan ! yaha payA khela kara rahe haiM jo ve abataka nahIM pAe] isa prakArako aneka bhISaNa kalpanAmoMmeM dUbI huI bAlA rAtako karavaTa badalatI huI par3I hai aura usako nIMda nahIM pA rahI hai|" . - yaha [viraha-rUpa-vipralambhakA udAharaNa hai] // [10]112] - aba [sambhoga aura vipralambha rUpa] donoM prakArake zrRMgArake vibhAva tathA anubhAvoMkA varNana karate haiN| [sUtra 167] -strI puruSa [zRMgArake mukhya vibhAva haiM] kAvya, gIta, Rtu, mAlya, beSa anya isa vastu tathA [vana-vihAra jalakrIDA prAvi spa] keliyoMse [bhaMgAra] utpanna hotA hai| ye saba zrRMgArake kAraNa vibhAva hai| nATakameM] utsAha [eka-dUsareko] cATukAritA, saMtApa, rudana tathA mAna prAdike dvArA usakA abhinaya karanA cAhie / [11]113 // inameMse strI-puruSa eka-dUsareke prati mukhya vibhAva hai| uttama prakRtivAle una donoMke upayogI kAvyAdi [bhI gauNa kAraNa honese gauNa vibhAva kahe jA sakate haiM] / kAvya pabase abhineya aura anabhineya [arthAt ezyakAmya tathA avyakAvya ] bhedase yukta sarasa kAyakA prahaNa karanA cAhie / 'gIta' pabase [usake sahakArI] bAba aura nRtya prAdi bhI ahasa hotA hai| 'Rtu parase vasantAdi [abhipreta hai| mAlya parase vilepama, tAmbUla aura vizeSa bhavana prAvikA bhI prahala samajhanA caahie| para pase vizeSa prakArake vastra pralaMkArAvipa
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________________ 310 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 113, sU0 167 viziSTavastrAbharaNAdi nepathyam / iSTo vidUSaka - candrodaya-cakravAka-IsAle khyAdiH / yadvA jayana - vadana- prasAda - smita- manojJAMgavikAra- vakroktyAdayo glAnyAlasya-zramAdayazceSTAH / evaMvidhA hi vikArAH parasparaM strI-puMsayoriSTA bhavanti / kelayaH puSpAvacaya-upavanagamana - jalakrIDAdayazceSTAvizeSAH / evamanye'pyupalakSaNA devaMvidhA vibhAvA draSTavyAH / ebhyo yathAyogamubhayAtmApi jAyate ratisthAyI zrRMgAraH / 1 sa ca zRMgAro labdhasattAkaH sannabhineyo vAcika sAttvika AMAMgika zrAhAryAbhinayairnaTena sAmAjikAnAM sAkSAzcarvaNAgocara utsAhAdibhiH kartavyaH / utsAho nayana-vaMdanaprasAdakArI cittollAsaH / ayaM ca sthAyyapi vIrasya atrAgantukatvAd anubhAvaH / evaM rasAntaraM prati vyabhicAritvamapi sthAyinAM sahacAritayA bhavatyeva / asya ca sthAyyanubhAvAbhinaya-dvAreNAtrAbhinayahetutvam / evaM ratyAdAvapi vAcyam / tApo'bhimatAprApteH kAya manaH- pIDA / manyurIrSyApraNayabhaMgAbhyAM cittodvegaH / utsAha - cATubhyAM nayanacAturya-kSepa - parasyAMgavikArAdiH sambhoga' gArasyAnubhAvaH sUcitaH / tApa - azru- manyubhiH punaH punaH paridevanAdirvipralambhazRMgArasyanubhAvo lakSitaH / tatra sambhoge sukhamayA dhRtyAdayo vyabhicAriNaH / vipralambhe tvAlasyaugya - jugupsAvarjA nirvedAdayo duHkhaprAyA iti ||[11]113 || nepathyakA praharaNa karanA caahie| 'iSTa' pavase vidUSaka, candrodaya, cakravAka, haMsa aura prAlelya [ citra ] prAdiko bhI lenA cAhie / prathavA [ iSTa padase ] netroM ghora ceharekI prasannatA, muskarAhaTa, sundara aMgavikAra, sumanohara vakoktiyA~ prAdi aura glAni, prAlasya dhama prAdi ceTA lenI caahie| [ kyoMki ] isa prakArake vikAra strI-puruSoMko paraspara iSTa hote haiM / keliyoMse puSpAvacaya, vanavihAra, jalakoDA prAdi ceSTAnoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| [ina sabake ] upalakSaraNa rUpa honese isI prakArake anya vibhAva bhI le lene caahie| inake dvArA yathAyogya [ sambhoga tathA vipralambha rUpa] donoM prakArakA ratirUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA zrRMgAra utpanna hotA hai / usa utpanna zrRMgArako utsAha bhAvike dvArA abhinaya karanA cAhie arthAt vAnika sAsvika [ mAnasika], prAMgika tathA veSAviSayaka [mAhArya ] prabhinayoMse naTake dvArA sAmAfroth sAkSAt carvaNAkA viSaya banAyA jAnA cAhie / netroM aura cehareko praphullita karanevAlI cittako prasannatA utsAha [kahalAtA ] hai / yaha [utsAha ] vIrarasakA sthAyibhAva honepara bhI yahA~ zRMgArarasameM prAgantuka gauraNa honese [ sthAyibhAva na hokara ] dhanubhAva hotA hai / isI prakAra [anya] sthAyibhAvoMkA bhI dUsare rasoMmeM sahakArI honeke kAraNa vyabhicAritva bhI hotA hI hai / isa [ vIrarasake] sthAyibhAva aura [zrRMgArarasake] anubhAvakA abhinaya [ke prati pravartakatva] dvArA yahA~ [zrRMgArarasa meM ] abhinayake prati hetutva hotA hai / isI prakAra ratyAdimeM bhI [ anya rasoMke prati vyabhicAribhAvatva prAvi] samajhanA caahie| [ 'tApa' zabdakI vyAkhyA karate haiM] / priyajana [ prabhimata ] ke prApta na honepara hone vAlI zArIrika aura mAnasika pIDA 'tApa' kahalAtI hai| 'madhu' pabase IrSyA tathA praNaya- kalahake dvArA honevAlA jitakA udvega [gRhIta hotA hai / kArikAmeM pAe hue] 'utsAha' tathA 'cATu' zabdoMse nayanacAturya aura bhUkSepa karane vAle [ strI-puruSa rUpa vibhAva ] ke aMgavikArAdi rUpa sambhogamvAra ke anubhAvoMko sUcita kiyA gayA hai / aura
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________________ kA0 114, sU0 168 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 311 . atha hAsyaH[sUtra 168]-vikRtaacaar-jlpaaNgaaklpvismaapnodbhvH| hAsyo'syAbhinayo nAsAspandAzrujaTharagrahaiH // [12]114 // vikRtaH prakRti-deza-kAla-vayo'vasthAdiviparItaH / aMgasya ca vikRtatvaM virUpo vyApAraH, khaJja-kuNTatvAdi vA / upalakSaNAcca dhAya-laulyAdInAmanucitAnAM marmodghATana-anyahasanAvalokanAdezca prhH| vismApanaM kakSAnAsAvAdana-grIvA-karNacUDA-bhra nartana-parabhASAdyanukaraNAdikaM ca viTaceSTitam / ebhyaH svaparasthebhyo hAsasthAyI hAsyarasaH prAdurasti / nAsayA gaeDauSThAdayo, azruNA cAkuJcana-prasAraNAdayo netravikArAH, jaTharagraheNa pArzvagraha-karatADana-mukharAgAdayaH saMgRhyante / vyabhicAriNazcAsya avahitthA-harSotsAha-vismayAdaya iti // [12] 114 // [kArikAmeM pAe hue agale] tApa, prabhu tathA manyu padoMke dvArA vipralambhazrRMgArake paridevana prAdi rUpa anubhAvoMko sUcita kiyA gayA hai| unameMse sambhoga-zRMgArameM sukha rUpa dhRtyAdi bhyabhicAribhAva hote haiM aura vipralambhabhRgArameM mAlasya, ugratA aura jugupsAko chor3akara duHla-pradhAna nirvedAdi [vyabhicAribhAva hote haiM] // 113 / / hAsyarasaaba mAge hAsyarasakA nirUpaNa karate haiM [sUtra 168]-vikRta mAcaraNa, bAtacIta, veSa-vinyAsa aura [nAka bajAnA, bagala bajAnA Adi rUpa vismApana arthAt mAzcaryajanaka ceSTAoMse hAsyarasa utpanna hotA hai| nAka sikor3ane prabhu pora peTa pakar3ane prAdike dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [12]114 // vikRta arthAt prakRti [ svabhAva ]. deza, kAla, Ayu aura avasthA prAdike viparIta [mAcAra hAsyajanaka hotA hai ] / aMgoMkA vikRtatva [do prakArakA ho sakatA hai| eka to] virUpa vyApAra [kA kiyA jAnA], arthAt [dUsarA] khaJjatva [laMgar3Apana] yA nirbalatA prAvi rUpa hotA hai| [kArikAmeM ginAe gae vikRtAcAra prAdike] upalakSaNa rUpa honese [unase bhinna] anucita pRSTatA lAlaca Adi aura marma bhAgoMko dikhalAnA, dUsaroMkA maz2Aka banAnA, aura [vizeSa prakArase] dekhane AdikA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| [kArikAmeM Ae hue] "vismApana' padase bagala aura nAkakA bajAnA, gardana, kAna, sira yA bhauMhoMkA maTakAnA aura dUsaroMko bolIkA anukaraNa karanA prAvi rUpa vyApArakA grahaNa hotA hai / apane meM prathavA kisI dUsaremeM sthita ina [vikRtAcAra prAdike dekhane] se hAsasthAyibhAva vAleM hAsyarasako utpatti hotI hai| [kArikAmeM pAe hue nAsAspandake 'nAsA' zabdase gAla aura moTha prAdi [ke calAne kA bhI prahaNa hotA hai| pratha' padase [ netroMke ] sikor3ane aura phailAne mAdi rUpa netravikAroMkA bhI grahaNa samajhanA caahie| [kArikAke] 'jaTharagraha' zabdase [peTa pakar3ane ke sAtha hI pArzvagraha hAtha poTanA, mukharAga mAvikA bhI saMgraha hotA hai / 'pravAhitthA' [arthAt prAkAragopana] harSa, utsAha, vismaya prAdi isa [hAsyarasa] ke vyabhicAribhAva hote haiN|[12]114||
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________________ 312 ] nATyadarpaNam athAsya bhedAnupadizati -- [ sUtra 169 ] - vihAsazcopahAsazca madhye jyeSThe smitaM hasaH / apahAso'tihAsazca nIce prAyo'dhame rasaH // [13] 115 // [ kA0 115, sU0 166 tatra hasanaM madhurasvaram / sAsyarAga-samayaprAptaM ca vihasitam / sAMsaziraHkampamupahasitam / etau bhedau madhyamaprakRtau / alakSitadvijaM smitam / kicillakSyadantaM * isitam / imau bhedau uttamaprakRtau / anavasara prApta sAzrunetramutkampitAMsa-zirazcApahasitam / karopagUDhapArzva vikruTasvaramuddhataM cAtiha sitam / zramU bhedAvadhamaprakRtau / evaM SaDete hAsyabhedAH / ayaM ca hAsyo rasaH prAyo bAhulyenAdhamaprakRtau pAmaraprAye bhavati / svavargApekSayA ca striyAH prAdhAnye'pi puruSApekSayAdhamataiveti tasyAmapi / evaM karuNa-bhayAnaka-bIbhatsa - adbhutA zrapyadhamaprakRtau bhUyastvamanubhavanti / pAmaraprAyaH. sarva: prakarSeNa hasati, zocati, bibheti, paranindAmAdriyate, svalpenApi subhASitena | sarvatra vismayate iti / / [13] 115 / / pra prAge isa [ hAsyarasake] bhedoMko dikhalAte haiM [ sUtra 166 ] - madhyama [ prakRtike pAtroM] meM [hAsyarasake] vihAsa aura upahAsa [rUpa do bheda pAe jAte haiM], uttama [zreSTha prakRtike pAtroM] meM smita aura hAsa [rUpa vo hAsya bheda pAe jAte haiM] zrara nIca [ prakRtike pAtroM] meM prapahAsa tathA pratihAsa [rUpa do hAsya-bheda pAe jAte haiM] / aura yaha hAsyarasa, prAyaH prathama pAtroMmeM pAMyA jAtA hai / [13] 115 / I [ hAsyake jo chaH bheda kArikA meM dikhalAe haiM ] unameMse samucita pravasarapara jisameM gAla lAla ho jAeM isa prakArakA madhura svarase ha~sanA 'vihasita' [kahalAtA ] hai / kandhe zrIra sira jisameM hilane lageM [ isa prakArakA ha~sanA ] 'upahasita' kahalAtA hai| ye [ vihasita aura upahasita rUpa ] donoM bheda madhyama prakRti [ke pAtroM] meM hote haiN| jisameM dAMta dikhalAI na deM isa prakArakA hAsya 'smita' [ muskarAnA ] kahalAtA hai / aura jisameM dA~ta thor3e-thor3e bilalAI dene lage [isa prakAra kA hAsya ] 'hasita' [kahalAtA ] hai / [smita aura hasita] ye donoM bheva utama prakRti [ke pAtroM] meM hote haiN| binA avasarake jisameM AMkhoMmeM prasU prA jAeM kambe aura sira hilane lageM, isa prakArakA haMsanA 'apahasita' kahalAtA hai / aura hAthoMse banako thAmakara jora-jora se uddhatatApUrvaka ha~sanA 'pratihAsa' kahalAtA hai / [ prahasita aura hisita] ye donoM bheda adhama prakRti [ke pAtroM] meM hote haiM / isa prakAra hAsyake chaH bheda ho jAte haiN| yaha hAsyarasa adhikatara prathama prakRtike mIca puruSoMmeM hotA hai| apane vargakI apekSAle [kisI vizeSa ] strIkI uttamatA [ pradhAnatA ] nivara bhI puruSoM kI apekSA usa [ uttama strI ] meM bhI prathamatA hI hotI hai isalie una [] meM bhI hAsyarasa adhikatara pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra karaNa, bhayAnaka, prabhuta tathA bImA rasa bhI adhikatara prathama prakRti [prarthAt nIca pAtroM] meM hote haiN| isalie nIca prakRti vAle sabhI loga prAyaH jorase haMsate, adhika zoka karate, adhika Darate aura adhikatara dUsaroM kI nindA karate haiM tathA tanika-se bhI subhASitako sunakara Azcarya karane lagate haiM / [ [ [13] 115 //
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________________ kA0 116-17, sU0 170-71 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 313 atha karuNaH[sUtra 170]-mRtyu-bandha-dhanabhraMza-zApa-vyasana-sambhavaH / karuNo'bhinayastasya vaassp-vaivrnny-nindnH||[14]116|| zApo'bhimataviyogaheturdivyaprabhAvavataH AkrozaH / vyasanamanarthaH / anena dezoccATanAderjAtaM viplavajAtaM saMgRhyate / ebhyo vibhAvebhyaH zokasthAyI karuNo rasaH sambhavati / vASpa-vaivAbhyAM niHzvAsa-mukhazopa-smRtilopa-sastagAtratAdayo'nubhAvAH suucitaaH| nindanamAtmano devasyAnyasya copaalmbhH| anena rudita-pralapitA-urastADanAdi gRhyate / vyabhicAriNastasya nirveda-lAni-cintA-autsukya-moha-zrama-bhayaviSAda-dainya-vyAdhi-jaDatA-unmAda-apasmAra-Alasya-maraNa-stambha-vepathu-vaivarNya azrusvarabhedAdaya iti // [14] 116 // atha raudraH - [sUtra 171] -prhaaraasty-maatsry-drohaadhrssopniitijH| raudraHsa cAbhinetavyo ghAtadantoSThapIDanaH // [15] // 117 // paramavidArayano vidArayatazca zastrAdivyApAraNaM prhaarH| anena gRhabhRtyAdhupamardanasya grhH| asatyena badha-bandhAdyabhidhAyakavAkpAruSyasya grahaH / guNeSvasUyA mAtsaryam / droho jighAMsA / dArAdikhalIkAra-vidyA-karma-deza-jAtyAdinindA-rAjya aba mAge karuNa [rasakA nirUpaNa karate haiM]-. [sUtra 170]-[kisI priyajanake mRtyu, bandhana, dhananAza, zApa tathA vipatti prAdi [ko dekhane]se karuNarasa utpanna hotA hai| prAsunoM, [cahareko vivarNatA tathA [bhAgyako] nindA mAvike dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [13] 116 / priyajanake viyogako karAne vAlI, divya prabhAva vAle vyaktiko aprasannatA 'zApa' kahalAtA hai| anartha kA nAma] 'vyasana' hai| isase deza-nAzase hone vAle viplava-samudAyakA praharaNa hotA hai| ina vibhAvoM ke dvArA zoka rUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA karuNarasa utpanna hotA hai| pAMsU, [cehare kI] vivarNatA, niHzvAsa, mukha sUkhanA, smRtikA lopa, zarIrakI zithilatA prAdi anubhAva bhI sucita hote haiN| nindAse apanI niMdA, bhAgyako athavA andhoM ko ulAhanA denA [abhipreta hai / isase rone, pralApa karane aura chAtI pITanekA bhI saMgraha hotA hai / nirveda, glAni, cinnA, prautsukya, moha, zrama, bhaya, viSAva, dainya, vyAdhi, jaDatA, unmAva, apasmAra, mAlasya, bharaNa, stambha, vepazu, vaivarNya, azru, svarabheda Adi isake vyabhicArabhAva hote haiN|[14]116 // aba Age raudrarasa [kA lakSaNAdi karate haiM] [sUtra 171] -prahAra, asatya, mAtsarya, droha, bhASarSaNa tathA prapanItise raudrarasa hotA hai aura mArane, dAMta zathA aoThoMke cabAneke dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [15]917 // - dUsareko kATa dene vAlA yA na kATane vAlA zastrakA vyApAra 'prahAra' kahalAtA hai / isase ghara aura bhRtya prAdika upamardanakA bhI prahaNa hotA hai| 'prasatya' padase badha, bandha bhAvike kahane vAle kaThora vAkyoM mAvikA saMgraha hotA hai| guNoMmeM prasUyA [voSAviSkaraNa] 'mAtsarya' kahalAtA hai| mAranelI icchA 'droha' [kahalAtI hai / striyoM prAdhikA apamAna,
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________________ 314 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 118, sU0 172 srvsvaaphrnndiraadhrssH| anyAyo'panItiH / anenauddhatyaM sucitam / etebhyo vibhAvebhyaH krodhasthAyI raudro raso jAyate / ghAtena chedana-bhedana-rudhirAkarSaNAdiranubhAvo gRhyate / dantauSThapIDanena gaNDauSThasphuraNa-hastApraniSpeSAdyanubhAvavRndaM sUcyate / vyabhicAriNazcAsya moha-utsAha-Avega-amarSa-cApala-augya-sveda-vepathu-romAncAdaya iti / sthAyino'pi cotsAhAdayo rasAntaraM prati vyAbhicAritAM svIkurvanti / stambhasvedAdayazca na rasakAryA vyabhicAriNaH, kintu sthAyikAryA iti / / [15] 117 // atha vIraH[sUtra 172]-praakrm-bl-nyaay-yshstttvvinishcyH| vIro'bhinayanaM tasya dhairya-romAJca-dAnataH // [16]118 // parAkramaH parakIyamaNDalAdyAkramaNasAmarthyam / balaM hastyazva-ratha-padAti-dhanadhAnya-mantryAdisampat / zArIrikI shktivrvaa| nyAyaH sAmAdInAM samyak prayogaH / anenendriyajayo gRhyate / yazaH sArvatrikI zauryAdiguNakhyAtiH / anena zatruviSaye santApakartRtvaprasiddhirUpaH pratApo gRhyate / tattvaM yAthAtmyaM tasya vinizcayaH / evamAdibhirvibhAvairutsAhasthAyI vIrarasaH sambhavati / sa cAnekadhA, yuddha-dharma-dAna-guNa-pratApAvarjanavidyA, karma, deza, jAti Adiko nindA praura rAjya yA sarvasvakA apaharaNa prAvi 'prAdharSa' [kahalAtA hai / anyAyakA nAma 'apanIti' hai| isake dvArA prauddhatyako bhI sUcita kiyA hai| ina vibhAvoMse krodha rUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA raudrarasa utpanna hotA hai 'ghAta' padase chevana-bhedana aura rakta bahAne prAdi anubhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / dAMtoM ke pIsane aura oMTha cabAnese gAloM aura proSThoMke phar3akane, hAyake agrabhAgake malane, prAdi anubhAva-samudAyakA prahaNa hotA hai| isa [raudrarasa] ke vyabhicArabhAva moha, utsAha, Avega, amarSa, capalatA, ugratA, sveda, vepatha aura romAJcAdi hote haiN| utsAhAdi [vIrarasameM] sthAyibhAva honepara bhI raudrAdi] dUsare rasoM meM vyabhicArI bana jAte haiM / stambha aura svedAdi rasake kAryarUpa honese [yahA~] vyabhicAribhAva nahIM kahalAte haiM apitu sthAyibhAvake kArya honese vyabhicAribhAva kahalAte haiN|[15]117|| aba vIrarasa [kA lakSaNa prAdi karate haiM] [sUtra 172]-parAkrama, bala, nyAya, yaza, aura tatvavinizcaya prAdise vIrarasa hotA hai, paura rya, romAJca tathA dAnake dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [16] 118 / dUsareke rAjya prAdipara pAka maraNako sAmarthya parAkrama [kahalAtA hai| hAthI, ghor3e, raya, padAti, dhana-dhAnya praura mantrI prAdikI sampatti bala [padase abhipreta hai| athavA zArI. rika zakti [bala kahalAtI hai] / sAmAdi [upAyoM kA samucita prayoga 'nyAya' [kahalAtA] hai| isake dvArA indriya-jayakA grahaNa hotA hai| zoryAdi guNoMkI sarvatra prasiddhi 'yaza' [kahalAtI hai| isake dvArA zatrunoMke bhItara santApa karanekI prasiddhi rUpa pratApakA [bhI] prahaNa hotA hai| tattva arthAt yathArthatA, usakA vinizcaya [tattvavinizcaya kahalAtA hai / isa prakArake vibhAvoMse utsAha rUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA vIrarasa utpanna hotA hai| aura yukha, dharma, bAna, prAdi guNoM tathA pratApAkarSaNa prAdi upAdhiyoMke bhevase [yuTavIra, dharmavIra, dAnavIra pAri pase] aneka prakArakA hotA hai| mahAna zatru-sainya athavA mahAna vipattike upasthita
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________________ kA0 116, sU0 173 1 tRtIyo vivekaH [ 315 Adhu pAdhibhedAt / dhairya mahatyapi parasainye vipadi vA akaatrym| anena sainyottejana-parAkSepAderanubhAvasya grahaH / dAnena prmod-maadhysthy-shaantcessttaadeH| vyabhicAriNazcAsya dhRti-mti-grv-aaveg-shriiprth-amrss-smRti-romaancaadyH| vIrarase ca yuddhA- . dibhAve'pi na raudratvam, utsAha-nyAyapradhAnatvAt / raudre tu moha-ahaGkAra-apanyAyaprAdhAnyamityanayo na sAGkaryamiti // [16] 118 / / atha bhayAnakaH - [sUtra 173]-patAkA-koti-raudraprAji-zUnya-taskara-doSajaH / bhayAnako'bhinetavyaH stambha-romAJca-kampanaiH / / [17].116 // raudrAH svarAkAravaikRtyena bhISaNAH pishaacolukaadyH| AjiHzastrAghAtaH / ayaM copalakSaNaM vdh-bndhyoH| zUnyaM nirjanaM gehaarnnyaadi| doSo gurunRpAderaparAdhaH / ebhyo dRSTa-zrutebhyazcintyamAnebhyo vA vibhAvebhyo bhayasthAyI bhayAnako raso jAyate / gAvasyAcalanaM stambhaH / kampanaM karacaraNAdInAM pravepanam / ebhirgAtra-mukha-dRSTivikAragalazoSa-vaivarNya-mUrchA-dayo'nubhAvAH saMgRhyante / vyabhicAriNazcAsya zaGkA-mohadainya-Avega-capalatA-trAsa-apasmAra-maraNa-stambha - sveda - romAnca - vepathu - svarabhedavaivAdaya iti // [17] 116 // honepara bhI na ghabar3AnA 'dhairya' kahalAtA hai| isake dvArA [apanI] senAko uttejita karane aura dUsarepara prAkSepa prAdi anubhAvoMkA paharaNa hotA hai| 'dAna' padase pramoda madhyasthatA pora zAMta ceSTAdikA grahaNa hotA hai / isa [vIrarasa ke vyabhicArabhAva ti, mati, garva, Avega, amarSa, ugratA, smRti tathA romAJca prAdi hote haiN| vIrarasameM yuddhAdike honepara bhI raudratva nahIM pAtA hai| kyoMki usameM utsAha tathA nyAyako pradhAnatA rahatI hai| raudrarasameM to moha mahaGkAra aura anyAya prAdiko pradhAnatA rahatI hai isalie [vIra aura roba] ye donoM eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate haiM / / [16] 118 // praba bhayAnaka [rasakA varNana karate haiM] - [sUtra 173]-patAkA, kIrti, bhayotpAdaka [pizAca ulUkAdi], yuddha [prAjiH], nirjana sthAna, aura cora-AphU prAdi tathA [guru prAdike doSoMse bhayAnakarasa utpanna hotA hai| stambharomAJca tathA kampanake dvArA usakA abhinaya karanA caahie| [17] 116 / ___ svara tathA prAkArako vikRti dvArA bhayotpAdaka pizAca ulUkAvi raudra [padase gRhIta] hote haiN| yaha [rodrapada vadha tathA bandhanakA bhI upalakSaNa [grAhaka hai| nirjara ghara yA araNyAdi 'zUnya' padase liyA jAtA hai / doSa arthAta guru athavA rAjA mAdikA apraadh| ina vibhAvoMke dekhane yA sunanese bhayarUpa sthAyibhAva vAle bhayAnaka rasakI utpatti hotI hai| aMgako hilaneilanekA prabhAva 'stambha' kahalAtA hai| hAtha-paira AdikA hilanA 'kampana' kahalAtA hai / isake dvArA zarIra, mukha, yA dRrikA vikAra, galekA sUkha jAnA, vivarNatA aura mULa prAdi anubhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / zara, moha, banya, pAvega, capalatA, trAsa, apasmAra, maraNa, stambha, sveda, romAJca, kampana, svarabheva, varNya Adi isake vyabhicAribhAva hai| [17] 116 //
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________________ nATyadarpaNam / kA0 116-20, sU0123-24 atha bIbhatsaH - [sUtra 174]-jugupsanIyarUpAdi-parazlAghAsamudbhavaH / bIbhatso'bhinayazcAsya niSThevodvega-nindanaH // [18] 120 // jugupsanIyA mAlinya-kuthitatva-durgandhitva-karkazatvAdibhiramanojJAH / rUpAdayo rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparza-zabdalakSaNAH viSayAH / pararaya vipakSasya zlAghA stutiH / ebhyo dRSTazrutebhyo vibhAvebhyo jugupsAsthAyI bIbhatso rasaH samudbhavati / parazlAghAyAM hi vizeSato doSadarzanena jugupste| niSThevaH kaphanirasanam / udvego gaatrdhuunnm| nindanaM doSodhanam / ebhirgAtrasaGkocana-mukhavikUNana-nAsAkarNapracchAdana-hallekhAdiranubhAvaH sUcyate / vyabhicAriNazcAsya vyAdhi-moha-Avega-apasmAra-maraNAdayaH iti // [18] 120 // ___athAdbhuta :[sUtra 175]-divyendrjaal-rmyaarth-drshnaabhiissttsiddhitH| adbhutaH, so'bhinetavyaH zlAghA-romAJca-harSataH // [16] 121 // divyAH zakrAdayaH / indrajAla mantra-divya-hastayuktyAdinA asaMbhavadvastu. pradarzanam / ramyaH sAtizayatvena hRdyo'rthaH zilpakarma-rUpa-vAkya-gandha-rasa-sparza-nRttagItAdikaH, tasya darzanaM sAkSAtkAraH / anena svayaM kIrtanaM zravaNaM ca gRhyate / zrabhISTamatya praba bIbhatsa [rasakA varNana karate ha] [sUtra 174]-ghRNita rUpa grAdi tathA zatrukI prazaMsA mAdise utpanna bIbhatsarasa hotA hai| thUkane, nAka-bhauM sikor3ane aura nindAke dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [18] 120 // malinatA saDAMSa, durgandha athavA karkazatA mAvike kAraNa prarucikara [artha] 'jugupsanIya' [artha] kahalAte haiN| rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza zammAdi rUpa viSama 'para' arthAt vipakSa [zatru] kI prazaMsA ['parazlAghA' pabase abhipreta hai / ina vibhAvoMke dekhane yA sunanese jugupsArUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA vIbhatsarasa utpanna hotA hai| zatrukI prazaMsAmeM vizeSa rUpase doSoMko dekhakara usase ghRNA karatA hai / niSTheva' padakA artha kaphakA nikalanA [arthAt thUkanA hai| hAthapara mAdikA calAnA udvega [kA sUcaka hai| nindA arthAt doSa nikaalnaa| inase aGgoM ke sikor3ane, mukhake vicakAne, nAka-kAna prAvike banda karane aura jI micalAne, Adi anubhAdoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / vyAdhi, moha, mAvega, apasmAra, maraNa prAdi isake vyabhicAribhAva hai / [18] 120 // praba adbhuta [rasakA nirUpaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 175]-devatAoM, athavA indrajAla, sundara rastu prAdike dekhane sagA bhAbhISTa prarthako [prAkasmika] siddhise utpanna hone vAlA adbhuta rasa hotA hai / prazaMsA romAJca tathA harSake dvArA usakA abhinaya karanA cAhie // [18] 121 // divya praryAt indrAdi devatA / mantra athavA kisI dravya athavA hAyako cAlAko yAvika dvArA asambhava bAtako dikhalA denA 'indrajAla' kahalAtA hai| ramya arthAt atyanta sundara lagane vAlA acaM jaise silpa-racanA, apavA rUpa yA vAkyaracanA, prathadA gagva, rasa,
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________________ kA0 122, sU0 176 ] tRtIyo vivekaH ntamIpsitam / tasya siddhiH praaptinissptti| evamAdibhyo vibhAvebhyo vismayasthAyI adabhuto raso bhavati / harSeNa svAnubhAvAH sUcyante / ebhirnayanavistAra-gAnollukasana animiSaprekSaNa-celoMgulibhramaNa-gadgad-vacana-vepathu-svedAderanubhAvasya grahaH / vyabhicAriNazcAsya Avega-jaDatA-samdhana-stambha-azrA-gadgad-romAJcAdaya iti / [16] 12 atha zAntaH -- [sUtra 176]-- saMsArabhaya-vairAgya-tattva-zAstra-vimarzanaH / zAnto'bhinayanaM tasya kSamA-dhyAnopakArataH // [20] 122 / / deva-manuSya-nAraka-tiryagrUpeNa bahudhA eribhramaNaM saMsAraH, tasmAd bhayam / vairAgya viSayavaimukhyam / tattvasya jIvAjIva-puNya-pApAdirUpasya, zAstrasya mokSahetupratipAda. kasya vimarzana punaH punazcetasi nyasanam / evamAdibhirvibhAvaiH, kAma-krodha-lobha-mAna: mAyAdyanuparakta paronmukhatAvijitAkliSTacetopazamasthAyI zAnto raso bhavati / tarjana-vadha-bandhAdisahanaM kssmaa| dhyAnaM jIvAjIbAdihantvabhAvanam / anena svAnubhAvA sparza, nRtta, gItAdi, usakA darzana arthAt sAkSAtkAra krnaa| isase svayaM kahanA yA sunanA bhI gRhIta hotA hai| abhISTa padase pratyanta cAhane yogya pratyanta priya partha gRhIta hotA hai / usako sihi arthAta prApti athavA utpatti / isa prakArake vibhAvoMse vismaya rUpa sthAyibhAvavAlA adbhuta rasa utpanna hotA hai| [kArikAmeM prAe hue] 'harSa' pavase apane anubhAva sUcita hote haiM, inase nenoM kA vistAra, aMgoMko tor3anA-mor3anA TakaTako lagAkara dekhanA, kapar3A athavA aMguliyoMkA ghumAnA, gadgad vacana, kampana aura svedAvi anubhAvoMkA prahaNa hotA hai| pAvega, jar3atA, stambha, pradhu, gadgad aura romAJcAdi isake vyabhicAribhAva hote haiM / / [16] 121 // akSa zAMta [rasakA nirUpaNa karate ha] sUtra 176]-janma-maraNa [rUpa saMsAra se bhaya, vairAgya, [prAtmA-paramAtmA dhAdi] tattvoM aura zAstrAdike cintanase utpanna hone vAlA zAMtarasa hotA hai| aura kSamA, dhyAna tathA upakAra ke dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| [20] 122 // . deva manuSya nAraka yA tiryak [pazu-pakSI] Adi rUpameM ghUmanA [arthAta bAra-bAra janma dhAraNa karanA] 'saMsAra' kahalAtA hai| usase bhaya [zAMtarasakA kAraNa hotA hai / ] viSayoMse vimukhatA 'vAya' kahalAtA hai / tattva arthAt nIva aura ajIva athavA pApa aura puNya yAvi apa, sA mokSake upAyoMke pratipAdaka zAstrakA vicAra karanA, cita meM bAra-bAra laanaa| isa prakAra ke bhAvoMse kAma, krodha, moha, abhimAna, mAyA hAdike.sambandhase rahita viSayonmukhatAse rahita agalaSTa cittavRtti rUpa zamasthAyibhAva vAlA zAMtarasa utpanna hotA hai| - phaTakAra lajena) adha, bandhana prAdiko saha lenA 'kSamA' kahalAtI hai| jIva-prajI dhAdi tatvoMkA vicAra karalA 'dhyAna' kahalAtA hai : isase apane nizcanaSTitA bhAdi anubhAva pracita hote haiM / 'upakAra' paTase maMtrI, muditA moda] kANA, aura upekSA mAdhyasthya] prAdi anubhAva sUSita hote haiN| nida, bhakti, mRti, iti prAdi isake vyabhicAribhAva hai| cinajaya prAdi se kinhIM prAcAryoM ne isa [zAMtarasa] ko nahIM mAnA hai| unake matameM
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________________ 318 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 123, sU0 177 nizcaladRSTitAdayaH sUcitAH / upakAreNa maitrI-pramoda-kAruNya-mAdhyasthyAdayo'nubhAvA gRhyante / vyabhicAriNazcAsya nirved-mti-smRti-dhRtyaadyH| zrayaM ca kaizcinnoktaH, teSAM sakalaklezavimokSalakSaNamokSapuruSArthaparAGmukhatvameva dUSaNamiti // [20] 122 // atha kAvyeSu rasanibandhane'vahitairbhAvyamiti upadizati[sUtra 177]-artha-zabdavapuH kAvyaM rasaH prANaivisarpati / ajasA tena sauhArda raseSu kavimAninAm // [21]123 // zabdArthoM abhineyAnabhineyabhedasya kAvyasya vapuH zarIram / rasAH punaH prANAH / tairvibhAvopanibandhanakaraNopanItaiH sahRdayahRdayeSu kAvyaM visarpati / tena hetunA kavimammanyAna ajasA mukhyatoM raseSu sauhArda prItiH / rasAvirbhAvinA prayatnenaivopanItasya, alaMkArasyApi nibndhH| sa cetazcamatkArotyeva iti aJjasA ityuktam / yathA __"kapole patrAlI karatalanirodhena muditA, nipIto niHzvAsairayamamRtahRdyo'dhararasaH / sakala klezoMke chur3Ane vAle mokSa rUpa puruSArthase parAGmukha honA hI dUSaNa hai| [isalie una kA mata ucita nahIM hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki mokSa-prAptike lie zAMtarasako sthiti prAvazyaka hai / jo loga zAMtarasako nahIM mAnanA cAhate haiM unake matameM mokSako siddhikA mArga hI banda ho jAtA hai| phira mokSako siddhi kisa prakAra hogii| isalie sakala puruSArthake ziromaNibhUta mokSa puruSArthakI siddhike ekamAtra hetubhUta zAMtarasakA mAnanA anivArya hai yaha pamyakArakA abhiprAya hai|]|| [20] 122 // aba kAvyoM [ kI racanA ] meM [ kaviyoMko ] rasakA samAveza karanemeM vizeSa rUpase sAvadhAna rakhanA cAhie isa bAtako [agalI kArikAmeM] kahate haiM [sUtra 177]--zabda aura artha rUpa zarIra vAlA kAvya, rasa rUpa prANoMsehI calatA hai isalie apaneko kavi samajhane vAle [sukaviyoM kA rasoMke prati anAyAsa prema hotA hai| [21] 123 / abhineya tathA anabhineya bheda vAle kAvyakAM zarIra zabda aura artha hai| aura rasa unakA prANa haiN| vibhAvoMke samAveza rUpa sAdhanoMse prApta una [rasoM] ke dvArA kAvya sahRdayoM ke hakyoMme praveza pAtA hai [visarpati] / isa kAraNa apaneko kavi samajhane vAle sukaviyoMkA rasoMmeM pradhAna rUpase prema hotA hai| [mukhya rUpase] rasako prAvirbhUta karane vAle prayatnase hI prApta hone vAle alaMkArako bhI racanA karanI caahie| [pralaMkAroMkI racanAke lie alagase prayatna sukavi nahIM karate haiM / rasake sannivezameM jo yatna karate haiM usIse svAbhAvika rUpase alaGkAra bhI unake kAvyoMmeM pA jAte haiM aura ve cisameM camatkAra utpanna karate haiN| isa bAtake sUcana karaneke lie [kArikAmeM] 'asA' padakA grahaNa kiyA hai| .. jaise he mAnini priye ! tumhAre gAloMparakI patrAlI [candanAdike dvArA banAI gaI saunvaryASAyaka rekhAe~, nArAja ho jAneke kAraNa gAloMke Upara rakhe gae] hAthoMkI ragar3a se miTa gaI [kintu tumane hameM unake chUnekA avasara nahIM diyA] amRta ke samAna sundara tumhAre
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________________ kA0 123, sU0 177 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 316 muhuH kaNThe lagnastaralayati vASpaH stanataTaM, priyo manyurjAtastava niranurodhe na tu vayam // " yathA rAghavAbhyudaye "tallAvaNyamananyavRttivacasAM tat kauzalaM pezalaM, tat saubhAgyamabhAgyamartya vimukhaM tad yauvanaM pAvanam / ekena priyasaGgamena manaso vizrAmadhAmnA vinA, vyartha sA hRdi sarvameva manute vyAlolanetrotpalA // " yathA vAsmadupaje mallikAmakarande prakaraNe makarandaH "zrAsyaM hAsyakaraM zazAGkayazasAM bimbAdharaH sodaraH, pIyUSasya, vAMsi manmathamahArAjasya tejAMsi ca / dRSTiviSTapacandrikA stanataTI lakSmInaTInATyabhUH, aucityAcaraNaM vilAsakaraNaM tasyAH prazasyAvadheH // " yathA vAsmadupajJAyAM vanamAlAyAM nATikAyAm ___ "rAjA-[damayantI prati]"dRSTiH kathaM jaraThapATalapATaleyaM kampaH kimeSa padamoSThadale babandha / nAraGgaraGgaharaNapravaNaH priye'sya vaktrasya kuMkumamRte'ruNimA kuto'yam / / " eSu rasaprayatnenaiva zabdArthAlaMkAralAbhaH // [21] 123 // ina aparoMke rasako uSNa niHzvAsoMne pI DAlA [para hameM na mila sakA] aura tumhAre mAsU galemeM lipaTate hue stanoMke [Upara girakara unake] taTako kampita kara rahe haiM [para hama usake chUneke lie tarasa rahe haiM ] jAna par3atA hai ki [prAja] krodha hI tumhArA priya bana gayA hai, hama nhiiN|" athavA jaise 'rAghavAbhyudaya meM-- "vaha caJcala netroM vAlI [jyAlolanetrotpalA, apane] usa [lokottara] lAvaNyako, anyatra na pAe jAne vAle vacanoMke usa sundara kauzalako, prabhAgyazAlI puruSoMko prApta na ho sakane vAle usa saubhAgyako, aura usa pavitra [apane] yauvanako, hRdayako vidhAma dene vAle ekamAtra priyasaGgamake binA isa sabako vyartha hI samajhatI hai|" athavA jaise hamAre banAe hue 'mallikAmakaranda' nAmaka prakaraNa meM makaranda "saundaryako carama sImA [prazasyAvadheH] rUpa usa [nAyikA] kA mukha candramAko koti kA upahAsa karane vAlA hai. bimbAdhara amRtakA sahodara hai, vAraNI manmatha mahArAjake tejake samAna hai, dRSTi svargako cA~danI-sI hai, stanataTI lakSmI rUpa naToko koDAbhUmi hai aura ucita pAcaraNa vilAsako utpanna karane vAlA hai|" athavA jaise hamArI banAI huI 'vanamAlA' nATikAmeM"rAjA [ramayantIke prati]-. he priye ! tumhArI] dRSTi purAne lodhra [pATala vRkSa vizeSa] ke samAna lAla kyoM ho rahI hai ? tumhAre moThameM kampa kyoM ho rahA hai ? aura binA hI kuMkumake lagAe tumhAre musapara nAraMgIke raMgako bhI parAjita karane vAlI yaha lAlimA kyoM ho rahI hai?
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________________ 320 nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 124, su0 178-76 amumevArtha draDhayAta[sUtra 178]-na tathArthazabdotprekSAH zlAghyAH kAvye yathA rasaH / vipAkakamramapyAnaM udvajayati nIrasam // [22] 124 // na hi navanavArthavyutpannazabdagrathanameva kAvyaM, tarka-vyAkaraNayorapi tathAbhAvaprasaMgAt / kintu vicitrarasapavitrazabdArthanivezaH / vipAkakamanIyamapi sahakAraphalaM virasamudva gamAvahati / ataH zabdArthamAtrazaraNAH zuSkakavayo yamakazleSAdInAmeva nibandhamarhanti / na tu rasaikazaraNasya nATyasyeti // 124 // atha viruddharasAnAM virodhe vyavasthAmAha[sUtra 176]-ekatra svairiNostulyazaktyoryoge viruddhtaa| ekasminnAzraye nAyakAdau tasminneva prakrame parasparaviruddhayo rasayoviruddhatA, na tu bhinne / yathA'rjunacarite-- inameM rasake lie kiye gae prayatnase hI [svAbhAvika rUpase] zabdAlaGkAra tathA praryAlakAroMkA samAveza ho gayA hai [unake lAneke lie kavine pRthak prayatna nahIM kiyA hai|] isI bAtako puSTa karate [hae dhAge kahate haiM [sUtra 178]-kAvyameM zabda tathA arthako kalpanA utanI prazaMsanIya nahIM hotI hai jitanI rasako sthiti / jaise paka jAneke kAraNa sundara lagane vAlA prAmakA phalabhI rasa-rahita honepara burA mAlUma hotA hai / [22] 124 // nae-nae prayoko prakAzita karane vAle zabdoMkI racanA kara denA mAtra hI kAvya nahIM kahalAtA hai| kyoMki nyAya tathA vyAkaraNAvimeM bhI yaha [nae-nae proMke prakAzaka bhandoMkI racanA ho sakatA hai| kintu [vicitra camatkArajanaka, rasase pavitra zabda aura arthakA sannivezahI kAvya kahalAne yogya hotA hai| jaise paripAka ho jAneke kAraNa sundara dikhalAI dene vAlA bhI prAmakA phala rasazUnya hone para surA lagatA hai| isalie kevala zamda tathA artha kA avalambana karane vAle zuSka kavi yamaka anuprAsa prAdikI hI racanA kara sakate haiM, rasapraSAna nATakako [racanA nahIM kara sakate haiM / [22] 124 // aba viruddha rasoMkA virodha [upasthita honepara usake parihArake mArga [vyavasthA ko batalAte haiM [sUtra 179]-eka hI sthAnapara ko svatantra aura tulyazakti vAle rasoMmeM virodha hotA hai| [arthAt (1)bhinna prAzrayoM meM rahane vAle athavA (2) svatantra na rahane vAleM, athavA (3) tulya bala na rahane vAle rasoM meM virodha nahIM hotA hai / ata eva (1) do virodhI rasoMmeM pAzrayabhedase, (2) ekako dUsareke aMga banA denepara, athavA (3) vonoMko kisI tIsare avirodhI rasakA aMga banA denese aura gauNa rUpase varNana karanepara virodha nahIM rahatA hai| yahI unake virodha-parihArake mArga haiN| eka hI pAzraya arthAt nAyakAdimeM aura usI prasaMgameM paraspara virodhI rasoMkA virodha hotA hai| bhinna prAzrayoMne athavA bhinna prasaMgoMmeM [usI nATakameM virukha rasakA varNana hone para virodha nahIM hotA hai / jaise arjunacaritameM
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________________ kA0 125, sU0 176] tRtIyo vivekaH . [ 321 samutthite dhanurdhvanau bhayAvahe kirITinaH / mahAnupaplavo'bhavat pure purandaradviSAm // " atra nAyakasya vIraH, pratipakSANAM tu bhayAnakaH / yathA vA "dantakSatAni karajaizca vipATitAni, prodbhinnasAndrapulake bhavataH shriire| dattAni raktamanaptA mRgarAjavadhvA jaatspRhaimunibhirpyvlokitaani||" atra tasminneva prakame muni-kAmukayobhinnayona zRGgAra-zAntau viruddhAviti / tathA svairiNoH svatantrayoH satorviruddhayo rasayorviruddhatA, na tu paratantrasvatantrayoH, mukhyasyAyattayorvA yathA "kurabaka ! kucAghAtakrIDAsukhena viyujyase, bakulaviTapin ! smartavyaM te mukhAsavasecanam / caraNaghaTanAzUnyo yAsyasyazoka ! sazokatAM, iti nijapuratyAge yasya dviSAM jagaduH striyaH // " marjunake bhayAvaha dhanuSake dhvanike udaya honepara indra ke zatruproMke nagarameM bar3I ghabarAhaTa phaila gii| . isameM [vIra tathA bhayAnaka do rasoMkA varNana hai| ye donoM rasa ekAdhayameM honepara virodhI mAne jAte haiN| yahAM una donoMke prAdhayakA bheda kara diyA gayA hai| isalie unameM viroSa nahIM rahatA hai] / nAyaka [arjuna] meM vIra rasa hai aura zatrunoM meM bhayAnaka rasa hai [isalie prASayabheda ho jAnese unameM virodha nahIM rahA / athavA jaise raktapAnako icchA karane vAlI [dUsare pakSameM anurAgapUrNa mana vAlI] mRgarAjako vadhU [siMhanI dUsare pakSameM kisI rAjAkI patnI ne prApake romAJcayukta zarIrake Upara jo bantaprahAra pora nakhoMse vipATanake cinha banAe haiM unako muniyoMne bhI saspRha hokara [arthAta hama bhI ina vantakSata nakhAkSatoMse vibhUSita hote isa icchAse] dekhaa| yahAM uso prasaGgameM muni aura kAmuka do bhinna prApayoMmeM rahane vAle zAMta aura mRGgAra rasokA virodha nahIM hai| ___isI prakAra [ko virodhI rasoMke] svatantra rUpase [pariNata] honepara hI virodha hotA hai ekake paratantra aura dUsareke svatantra honepara athavA donoMke kisI tIsare mulya rasake adhIna honepara [unakA viroSa] nahIM hotA hai / jaise he kurabaka ! [vRkSa vizeSa, hamAre yahA~se cale jAnepara tuma [hamAre dvArA prApta hone vAle kucAghAtake sukhase vaMcita ho jAnoge / he bakula ! [maulazrIke vRkSa] tumheM hamAre dvArA prApta hone vAle marake kulle dvArA secanakI yAda mAyA kregii| he mazoka ! hamAre barala prahArase vaJcita ho jAnepara tuma zokayukta ho jaanoge| jisake [bhayake kAraNa usake zamoMko striyAM isa prakAra ina vRkSoM ko samboSita karake kahatI thiiN|
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________________ da [ kA0 125, sU0 176 atroddIpanavibhAvaiH kurabakA dibhiruddIpyamAnaH zRGgAro vizeSataH karuNaM svatantramaGginaM dviSatstrINAM poSayati / yathA vA 322 ] "prayaM sa razanotkarSI pInastanavimardanaH / nAbhyurUjaghanasparzI nIvIvisraMsanaH karaH // bhUrizravasaH samarabhuvi patitabAhudarzanena tatpriyANAM zRGgAraH smaryamANaH karuNaM poSayati / mukhyasyAyattau yathA---- " kSipto hastAvalagnaH prasabhamabhihato'pyAdadAnoM'zukAMtaM, gRhNan kezeSvapAstazcaraNanipatito nekSitaH sambhrameNa / AliGgan yo'vadhUtastripurayuvatibhiH sAzrunetrotpalAbhiH, kAmIvArdrAparAdhaH sa dahatu duritaM zAnbhavo vaH zarAgniH // " atra tripuraripuprabhAvAtizasya karuNa - zRGgArAvaGgabhUtau / parasparavirodhe'pi cAnyamukhaprekSitapAratantryaduHkhAbhighAtena svAtmapuSTimalabhamAnayo nRpasamIpasthita - zrAtatAyidvayavat kutaH karuNa-zR' gArayorghAtya - ghAtakabhAvaH iti ? isameM kueos prAdi rUpa uddIpana vibhAvoMke dvArA uddIpta kriyA jAne vAlA zatru striyoMkA zRGgAra rasa unake bhItara rahanevAle pradhAna aura svatantra karuNa rasako puSTa karatA hai / prathavA jaise [hamArI razanA arthAt ] tagar3Iko haTAne vAlA, pona stanoMkA mardana karane vAlA tathA nAbhi jaMghAoM aura nitamboM kA sparza karane vAlA tathA nAreko kholane vAlA [hamAre priyatama bhUrizravAkA ] yaha vahI [ prAnandadAyaka ] hAtha hai / isameM samarabhUmimeM par3e hue, bhUrizravAke hAthako dekhakara usako patniyoMkA smayaM mAraNa zRGgAra rasa [bhUrizravAkI mRtyuke bAda vartamAna ] karuNa rasakA paripoSaraNa kara rahA hai| [isalie zrRMgAra karuNa rasakA aMga honese usakA virodhI nahIM hai] / [[kisI tIsare ] mukhya rasake adhIna rahane vAle [ do virodhI rasoMke avirodhakA udAharaNa] / jaise-- zivAjI dvArA kie gae tripuradAhake samaya tripurakI striyoMko durdazAkA varNana karate hue kavine isa zloka meM agnikA kAmI ke sAtha sAdRzya isa prakAra dikhalAyA hai[ zrArdrAparAdha kAmIke samAna striyoMkA ] hAtha pakar3anepara bhaTaka diyA gayA, balAt haTAe jAnepara bhI vastroMko grahaNa karanevAlA, kezoMko kRte samaya dUra haTAyA gayA, pairoMmeM giranepara bhI [ agni pakSameM] bhayake kAraNa [ aura kAmI pakSameM sambhrama arthAt AdarapUrvaka ] na dekhA gayA, aura [parastrI gamana prAvi rUpa turanta kie hue aparAdhake kAraNa] tAje zraparAdha vAle kAnake samAna A~khoMmeM prAMsu bhare hue tripurakI yuvatiyoMne prAliMgana karate hue jisa [agni] ko jhaTaka diyA hai isa prakArakA zivajIke mAraNoMkA zragni tumhAre duHkhoM yA pApoM ko nAza kare / isameM karuNa aura zrRMgAra [donoM paraspara virodhI rasa ] tripurAri [zivajI ] ke pratApA
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________________ kAya 125, sU0 176 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 323 tathA ekAzrayayorapi tulyabalayorvirodho, na tu hiinaadhikblyoH| yathA pururavAH prAha "kvAkArya zazalakSmaNaH kva ca kulaM bhUyo'pi dRzyeta sA, doSANAM prazamAya naH zrutamaho kope'pi kAntaM mukham / kiM vakSyaMtyapakalmaSAH kRtadhiyaH svapne'pi sA durlabhA, cetaH ! svAsthyamupaihi kaH khalu yuvA dhanyo'dharaM dhaasyti||" atra zRGgAra-zAMtayorna parasparamaGgAGgibhAvo apoSya-poSakatvAt / tRtIyasyAbhAvAt aGgabhAvo'pi nAsti, kintu svatantrau / tathApi na virodhaH, zAMtasyAgantukatvena alpabalatvAt / ata evAtra paryante zRGgAre vizrAntiH / evmnytraayudaahaarym| tathA ekAzrayayoH svairiNostulyazaktyorviruddhayoryoge nairantarye virodho na tvatizayake aMga haiN| isalie paraspara virodhI honepara bhI dUsare [pradhAnabhUta zivake pratApAtizaya] kA mukha dekhane vAle honese paratantratAke duHkhase prAkrAMta hokara svayaM apane paripoSaNako na prApta kara sakane vAle karuNa maura zRMgArameM, rAjAke samIpameM sthita do prAtatAyiyoMke samAna eka dUsareke lie dhAraya-ghAtaka bhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai / [isalie yahAM ina donoM rasoM kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai| isI prakAra eka hI [nAyaka prAvi rUpa] prAdhayameM rahane para bhI donoMke tulya bala honepara hI viroSa hotA hai| durbala aura prabala honepara nhiiN| jaise [vikramorvazIyameM] purUravA kahatA hai (1) kahAM yaha anucita kArya aura kahAM [hamArA ujjvala banavaMza [taka] / (2) kyA vaha phira kabhI dekhaneko milego [autsukya] / (3) [mare] maiMne to doSoMpara vijaya prAptake lie hI zAstroMkA adhyayana kiyA hai [phira isa kumArgapara kyoM jA rahA hU~] [mati / (4) [moho] koSameM [nArAja honepara bhI usakA [lAla-lAla] mukha kitanA sundara lagatA hai| [smrnn]| (5) [mare mere isa vyavahArako belakara] vidvAna evaM dharmAtmA loga mujhako kyA kaheMge shNkaa| (6) vaha to| aba svapna meM bhI durlabha ho gii| banya] (7) are mana tanika pIraja rkho| [] (8) na jAne kauna saubhAgyazAlI yuvaka usake pradharAmRtakA pAna karegA [cintA] / isameM zAMta aura zrRMgAra rasokA poSya-poSakabhAva na honese aMgAMgibhAva [maryAta guNapradhAnabhAva nahIM hai / aura kisI tIsare risa] ke na honese [donoMkA tIsareke prati] aMgabhAva bhI nahIM hai| kintu bonoM svatantra rasa haiN| phira bhI yahA~ zAnta rasake Agantuka honese durbala [tathA bhaMgArake prakRta hone ke kAraNa prabala honese [una donoM kA virodha nahIM hai| isalie yahA~ panta bhaMgAra rasa meM hI vidhAnti hotI hai| isI prakAra samya bAharaNa bhI samajha sene paahie| paura ekAmayameM rahane vAle do svatanya tavA suMsya pasaratoMkA bhI meranta pAra
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________________ 324 ] nATyadarpaNama viruddhena rasAntareNa vyavadhAne / yathA nAgAnande "rAgasyAspadamityavaimi na hi me dhvaMsIti na pratyayaH / " ityAdinopakSepAt prabhRti zAMto rasastasya viruddho malayavatIviSayaH zRGgAraH'aho gItamaho vAditram' ityAdinA zradbhutamantare kRtvA nibaddhaH / evamanyepyudAhAryamiti / [ kA0 125, sU0 180 vibhAva-vyabhicAriNAM tu rasAnurodhena virodhaH parihArazca draSTavyaH / atha rasadoSAnAha - M [ sUtra 180 ] - doSo'naucityamaGgaugraca zrapoSo'tyuktiraGkSibhit (a) sahRdayAnAM vicikitsAhetu karmAnaucityaM taccAnekadhA / ( ka 1) tatra kvacit pratikUlavibhAva- mAtranibandho yathA " tyajata mAnamalaM bata vigrahairna punareti gataM caturaM vayaH / parabhRtAbhiritIva nivedite smaramate ramate sma vadhUjanaH || " / / [23] 125 / / zravyavadhAnase varNana] honepara hI vizeSa hotA hai / [donoMke] avirodhI anya rasake vyavadhAna honepara virodha nahIM hotA hai / jaise nAgAnandameM [he mitra Atreya ! yaha yauvana] viSaya-vAsanAkA ghara hai yaha bAta maiM jAnatA hU~ aura yahaM sadA rahane vAlA nahIM hai yaha bAta bhI mujhe mAlUma hai [ prathamAMka zloka saMkhyA 4] / ityAdi [mukhasandhike] upakSepa [nAmaka aMga] se lekara zAMta rasa [prArambha ho gayA ] hai / usakA virodhI mAlatI viSayaka anurAga [ prathamAMkake 14 veM zlokake pUrva kahe gae ] 'zraho gItaM zraho vAditam' ityAdi [vAkya ] se bIcameM praddbhuta rasakA samAveza karake [ vyavadhAnase] varNana kiyA gayA hai| [isalie yahA~ zAMta tathA zrRMgAra rasoMkA virodha nahIM rahatA hai ] / isI prakAra anya rasoMmeM bhI samajha lenA cAhie / [virodhI rasoM] ke vibhAvoM tathA vyabhicAribhAvoM meM rasake [ virodha-pravirodhako vyavasthAke ] anusAra hI virodha tathA usakA parihAra samajha lenA cAhie / aba rasake doSoMkA varNana prArambha karate haiM [ sUtra 180 ] - ( ka ) [ rasoMkA ] anaucitya, (kha) aMgoMkI ugratA [arthAt prapradhAnabhUta rasakA pradhAnarasako apekSA vistArapUrvaka varNana ] ( ga ) [ mukhya rasakI] puSTikA prabhAva, (gha) [mukhya rasakA bhI prAvazyakatAse] adhika vistAra (Ga) [ aMgibhit prarthAt ] pradhAna rasako bhulA denA [ye pA~ca prakArake rasake] doSa hote haiM / [33] 125 / (ka) sahRdayoMke [manameM] zaGkA yA saMdeha [utpanna] karane vAlA karma anaucitya kahalAtA hai / aura vaha aneka prakArakA ho sakatA hai / [ rasakA anaucitya ] kahIM ( ka1) pratikUla vibhAvAdike vana rUpa hotA hai| jaise-- isa mAnako chor3a do, [adhika kAla taka ] praraNaya-kalaha karanA ucita nahIM hai| yaha [ yauvanakI] sundara avasthA [ eka bAra samApta ho jAnepara ] phira lauTakara nahIM prAtI hai / kokiloMke [lahU zabda dvArA] mAno isa prakArakI sUcanA denepara vadhUjana kAmotsuka patiyoMke
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________________ kA0 125, sU0 150 ] tRtIyo viveka: [ 325 atra zRGgArapratikUlasya zAMtasyAnityatAprakAzarUpo vibhAvo viruddhaH / (ka 2) kvacidakANDe prathanam / yathA veNIsaMhAre dhIroddhataprakRterapi duryodhanasya bhISma-pramukhamahAvIralakSakSayakAriNi pravRtte samarasaMrambhe bhAnumatIM prati zRGgAravarNanam / (ka 3) kvacidakANDe vicchedo yathA vIraracite rAghava bhArgavayordhArAdhirUDhe vIrarase 'kaNamocanAya gacchAmi' iti rAghavasyoktiH / ( ka 4) kvaciduttamAdhama- madhyamAnAM prakRtInAmanyathA varNanam / yathAuttamAnAM hAsya-bIbhatsa-karuNa-bhayAnaka- zrabhutaprakarSaH / ( ka 5) madhyamA'dhamAnAM tu zramAmyaH zrRMgAraH, vIra- raudra-zAMtaprakarSazca / (ka 6) uttameSvapi divyeSu sambhogeTa gAravarNanaM pitroH sambhogavarNanasamaM yathA kumArasambhave umA-mahezvarayoH / (ka 7) divyeSUttameSvapi sadyaH phaladakrodha-svaH pAtAlagamana-samudralaMghanAdyutsAhavarNanam / sAtha ramaraNa karane lagIM / ( ka1) isameM zrRMgAra rasake pratikUla pranityatA prakAzana rUpa zAMta rasake vibhAvoMkA varNana [ prakRta zrRMgAra rasake] viparIta hai / (ka 2) kahIM bemauke vistAra kara denA [ bhI rasa dodha hotA hai] jaise beNIsaMhAra [ke dvitIyA ] meM dhIroddhata prakRtike [nAyaka ] honepara bhI bhISma prAdi lAkhoM vIroMkA nAza kara DAlane vAle [bhayaGkara] yuddhake prArambha honepara bhI bhAnumatIke prati zRMgArakA barNana [ prakANDa-prathana rUpa rasadoSakA udAharaNa hai ] / ( ka 3) kahIM avasara ke binA hI rasakA viccheda [kara denA bhI rasadoSa hotA hai] jaise - mahAvIracaritra meM rAmacandra tathA parazurAmajI ke bIca vIrarasake pUrNa pravAhapura grA jAnepara [ acchA aba maiM ] 'kaMgana kholaneke lie jA rahA hU~' yaha rAmacandrakA kathana [prakANDameM rasakA vicchedaka honese rasadoSa hai] / ( ka 4) kahIM uttama prathama tathA madhyama prakRtiyoM [vAle pAtroM] kA viparIta rUpameM varNana [ prakRti- viparyaya nAmaka rasavoSa hai] jaise uttama [ prakRti vAle pAtroM] ke varNana hAsya bIbhatsa kaharaNa bhayAnaka aura pradabhuta rasoMkA pratyadhika varNana [ anucita hai] ( ka 5) madhyama tathA prathama [ prakRtike nAyakAvi] ke [sAtha pragrAmya arthAt ] zuddha zrRMgAra vIra, raudra aura zAMtarasake prakarSakA varNana [ anucita honese ye donoM prakArake bana prakRti- viparyaya nAmaka rasa donoMmeM prAte haiM] ( ka 6) uttama [ prakRtiyoM] meM bhI divya [pAtroM] ke zrRMgArakA varNana [apane] mAtApitAke zrRMgAra rasake varNana ke samAna [ honese anucita ] hai / jaise kumArasambhavameM pArvatI aura zivake [ zRMgArakA varNana ] / ( ka 7) devatAoMko chor3akara uttama prakRtiyoMmeM bhI turanta phala dene vAle yA pAtAlameM gamana, samudralaGghanAdike utsAhakA varNana [bhI anucita hone isI viparyaya rUpa rasadoSakI zreNImeM prAtA hai] /
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________________ 326 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 125, sU0 150 (ka) dhIrodAtta dhIroddhata-dhIralalita-dhIra zAMteSUttameSu vIra- raudra-zRMgArazAMtAnAmavarNanaM, viparItavarNanaM vA / madhyamAdhameSu tveSu vIrAdirasaprakarSa varNanam / (ka ) kvacid varNa- samAsAnyathAprathanam / tatra dIpteSu raseSu saMyuktaimUrdhanyaizca varNaiH samAsadairyeNa ca prAyaH prasanno masRNazca bandhaH / adIpteSu tu zRMgAra- hAsyakaruNa-zAnteSu mUrdhasthavargApavcamai svaizca varNaiH asamAsena madhyamasamAsena ca prAyaH prasanno bandhaH / sarveSu ca prasiddhaira kliSTairaprAmyaiH puSTaH thaiH padairnyAsaH / ( ka 10) kvaciduttamasya uttamanAyikAyAM vyalIkasambhAvanA | ( ka 11) kvacinnAyikApAdaprahArAdinA nAyakasya kopaH / (12) kvacid vayo - veSa- deza - kAlA- avasthA-vyavahArAdInAmanyathA varNanam / ( ka 13) evamanyadapi yamaka - zleSa - citrAdikaM RtuM samudrAdi candrArkodayAstAdiprakarSa varNanaM ca rasAnaGgamanaucityaM draSTavyamiti / (kha) athAGgautram | aMgasya mukhyarasapoSakatayA zravayavabhUtasya aupraya' vistareNetkaTatvaM doSaH / yathA kRtyArAvaNe jaTAyubadha-lakSmaNazaktibheda - sItAvipatti8) dhIrodAtta, dhIroddhata, dhIralalita aura dhIrazAMta rUpa utsama prakRtiyoM meM bhI vIra, raudra, zrRMgAra tathA zAMta rasoMkA varNana na karanA athavA viparIta varNana [ prakRti- viparyaya nAmaka rasa doSa hotA hai] aura madhyama tathA prathama prakRtiyoMmeM to ina [ dhIrodAttAdi] meM vIrAdi rasoMke prakarSakA varNana [bhI anucita honese prakRti-viparyaya nAmaka rasadoSoMmeM pAtA hai] / ( ka ) kahIM varNoM tathA samAsoMkA [rasake viparIta rUpameM ] zranyathA prayoga [ bhI rasadova meM ginA jAtA hai] / jaise [vIra raudrAdi ] dIpta rasoMmeM saMyukta aura mUrdhanya [arthAt RTuraSAraNAM mUrdhA - ra, Sa, tathA Tavarga ] varNoM tathA lambe-lambe samAsoMse sundara aura manohAriNI racanA banatI hai / aura zRGgAra, hAsya, karuNa, tathA zAMta jaise pradIpta rasoMmeM to vargake pazcama akSara se yukta hrasva varaNoM aura samAsa-rahita athavA zralpa samAsake dvArA sundara tathA manohAriNI racanA hotI hai| aura sabhI rasoMmeM prasiddha prakliSTa grAmyatA rahita tathA puSTArthaka padoMkA vinyAsa honA caahie| [isake viparIta honepara doSa ho jAtA hai] / ( ka 10 ) kahIM uttama [ prakRti ] ke [ nAyaka ] kI uttama nAyikAke prati vyabhicArasambhAvanA [ bhI anaucitya mAnI jAtI hai kyoMki uttama prakRtikI nAyikAmeM isa prakArake doSakI sambhAvanA bhI nahIM karanI cAhie ] / ( ka 11) kahIM nAyikAke pAdaprahArAdise nAyakake kopakA varNana [ anaucityake hai ] / ( ka 12) kahIM prayu, veSa, deza, kAla, avasthA tathA vyavahArAvikA zranyathA varana [bhI anaucitya mAnA jAtA hai ] / ( ka 13 ) yamaka, isI prakAra [anucita rUpase prayukta] zleSa, citra, Rtu, samudrAvi, sUrya tathA candra ke udayAstAdike jo ki rasake aMga nahIM haiM una [rasake anaGga] ke prakarSakA vana [arthAt zratyadhika vistArake sAtha varNana] anaucitya samajhanA cAhie / (kha) aba [ zraGgoMkI] utA [doSakA nirUpaNa karate haiM] praGga arthAt mukhya rasake poSaka honese pravayava rUpakI ugratA prarthAt atyanta vistArake kAraNa utkaTa ho jAnA bhI doSa hai / jaise kRtyArAvaragameM jaTAyuke badha, lakSmaNake zakti lagane, auaura sItAko vipattiko sunane
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________________ kA0 125, sU0 180 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 327 zravaNeSu rAmasya muhurmuhuH karuNAdhikyam / aMgabhUto hi raso na dhArAdhirohamaIti, anyathA'Ggina vIrarasaM tirodadhIta / kecidatra hayagrIvadhe hayagrIvavarNanamudAharanti / sa punarvR ttadoSo vRttanAyakasyAlpavarNanAt / tatra hi vIro rasaH sa vizeSato badhyasya zaurya-vibhUtyatizaya varNanena bhUSyata iti / (ga) 'apoSa:' iti dhArAnadhirohaNaM apoSo doSaH / yathA"bIbhatsA viSayA, jugupsitatamaH kAyo, vayo gatvaraM, prAyo bandhubhiradhvanIva pathikairyogo viyogAvahaH / hAtavyo'yamasambhavAya virasaH saMsAra ityAdikaM, sarvasyApi hi vAci, cetasi punaH kasyApi puNyAtmanaH || " atra kavinA 'vAci' ityupanibadhnatA viSayabIbhatsatvAdInAM zAntajananaM prati mandatvamuktam / anyathA sarvasya cetasyapi syAt / apoSazcAMgino, aMgAMgibhAvavarjitasya vA muktakopAttasya / aMgabhUtasyApoSaH punara doSa eveti / (gha) ' atyuktiH' iti dhArAdhirUDhasyApi rasasya nairantaryeNa punaH punaH uddIpti - para rAmacandra ke bAra-bAra karuraNa [ vilApAvi ] kA adhikaya [ isa prograya nAmaka rasadoSakA ubAhararaNa hai] / bhaGgabhUta [ apradhAna] rasakA pratyanta vistAra nahIM honA caahie| anyathA vaha pradhAna bhUta vIrarasako dabA degA / kucha loga hayagrIva-vadha meM hayagrIvake varNanako isakA udAharaNa batalAte haiM / kintu [hamArI sammati meM to ] vaha vRtta doSa hai [ rasadoSa nahIM hai] / kyoMki usameM vRtta [arthAt kathAbhAga ] ke nAyakakA varNana kama [ aura pratinAyaka hayagrIvakA vana adhika ho gayA hai / ataH vaha vRtta doSa hai rasadoSameM usakA udAharaNa nahIM denA cAhie] / usameM vIrarasa [mukhya rasa] hai maura ass [yaprIva] ke zauyaM tathA vibhUti zrAdike pratizaya vanase vaha zobhita [paripuSTa ] hI hotA hai [prataH usameM rasadoSa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| vaha vRtta doSa arthAt kathAbhAgakA doSa hai] (ga) prapoSa arthAt [ mukhya rasakA] pravAhapara na AnA [prapoSa nAmaka rasadoSa hotA hai] / jaise viSaya pratyanta bIbhatsa hai, yaha zarIra [mala-mUtra prAdikI khAna honese ] zratyanta ghRNita hai, prAyu vinaSTa hone vAlI hai, aura bandhu bAndhavoMke sAtha milana rAstemeM milane vAle pathikoM samAna antameM viyoga meM paryavasita honevAlA hI hotA hai [asambhavAya arthAt ] purnajanmase bacane ke lie [ muktikI prAptikelie] isa nIrasa saMsArako tyAga denA cAhie ityAdi [ vairAgyapUrNa bAteM] saba logoMke kevala vacanoM meM rahatI hai, manameM to kisI puNyAtmAke ho pAI jAtI hai / isameM 'vAci' [vAraNImeM hI hotI hai manameM nahIM] aisA kahakara kavine viSayoMkI bIbhatsatA Adiko zAMtarasako utpattike prati mandatA sUcita kI hai| anyathA [ yadi inameM prabalatA hotI to ] sabake manameM bhI [ unakI sthiti ] hotI [ isalie yahA~ rasakA praparipoSa rUpa rasadoSa hai ] / yaha aparipoSa ( 1 ) pradhAna rasakA athavA (2) muktakoMmeM svatantra rUpase vaNitakA hotA hai / aMgabhUta [ pradhAna rasa] kA aparipoSa, doSa nahIM hotA hai / (gha) 'pratyukti' arthAt rasake pravAhapara pahuMca jAnepara bhI usakA bAra-bAra uhI
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________________ 328 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 125, sU0 180 rdoSo yathA kumArasambhave ratipralApeSu / labdhaparipoSo hi rasaH punaH punaH parAmazvamAno mAlatI-mAlyamiva mlAyati / ata eva prakarSaprAptarasaviziSTAnAM kavInAmalpIyAneva vAgvilAsa iti / (Ga) 'aMgibhit' iti bahurase prabandhe avayavabhUtarasApekSayA aMgino'vayavibhUtasya rasasya 'bhid' anusandhAnaM doSaH / anusandhirhi sarvasvaM rasapoSasya / smRtyabhAve punarapoSa eva / yathA ratnAvalyAM caturthe'Gka bAbhravyAgamanAt sAgarikAvismRtiriti / aMgaugyAdayazca doSAH paramArthato anaucityAntaHpAtino'pi shRdyaanaamnaucityvyutpaadnaarthmudaahrnntvenopaattaaH| kecittu vyabhicAri-rasa-sthAyinAM svazabdavAcyatvaM rasadoSamAhuH, tadayuktam / vyabhicAryAdInAM svavAcakapadaprayoge'pi vibhAvapuSTau "dUrAdutsukamAgate vivalita sambhASiNi sphArita, saMzliSyatyaruNaM gRhItavasane kizvAcita latam / pana [karanekA prayatna karanA [pradhAna rasakA prati-vistAra 'pratyukti' nAmaka rasadoSa kahalAtA hai] / jaise kumArasambhavameM ratike vilApoMmeM bAra-bAra karuNa rasako uddIpta karamekA yatna kiyA gayA hai| isalie vaha doSa hai| kyoMki] rasakA pUrNa paripoSa ho jAneke bAda usako bArambAra sparza karanese vaha [bAra-bAra chuI gaI] mAlatIko mAlAke samAna kAMtihIna ho pAtA hai| isalie prakarSa-prApta rasaviziSTa kaviyoMkA vAgvilAsa thor3A hI hotA hai| [arthAta uttama kavi rasakA pUrNa paripoSa ho jAneke bAva rasakA anAvazyaka vistAra nahIM karate haiM / (8) 'maGgibhit' arthAt aneka rasoM vAle prabandha [kAvya nATakAdi] meM avayavabhUta [papradhAna] rasakI apekSAse praGgI [arthAt pradhAna] pravayavibhUta [pradhAna] rasakA bhedana arthAt vismaraNa [ananusaMdhAna, aGgibhit nAmaka rasa] doSa hotA hai| kyoMki [hara samaya mukhya rasakA dhyAna rakhanA hI usake paripoSaNakA prANa hai| usako bhulA denepara to usakA paripoSa ho nahIM banatA hai| [isalie pradhAna rasako bhulA denA rasakA aparipoSa-janaka 'praGgibhit' nAmaka doSa kahalAtA hai ] jaise ratnAvalIke caturtha prathoM meM bAbhravyake prA jAnepara [nATakakI pradhAna nAyikA sAgarikAko vismRti [honese mukhya rasakI hI vismRti ho gaI hai / ataH usa meM 'maNibhit' nAmaka rasadoSa mAnA jAtA hai / [ukta 5 rasa doSoM meM se prathama pranaucityako chor3akara] praGgoMkI upratA prAdi [zeSa cAroM doSa vAstavameM to anaucitya [rUpa prathama doSa] ke bhItara hI mA jAte haiM phira bhI sahadayoMko anaucitya [ke vividha prakAroM kA paricaya karaneke lie hI yahAM dikhalAe gae haiN| kucha loga vyabhicAribhAva, rasa, tathA sthAyibhAvoMke nAmataH prahaNa [svazamdavAdhyatva] ko bhI rasadoSa mAnate haiN| [hamArI arthAt granthakAra rAmacandra guNacandrako sammatimeM] yaha ucita nahIM hai| vyabhicAribhAva prAdike vAcaka apane padoM [nAmoM kA prayoga honepara bhI vibhAva mAvikI puSTi honepara [rasakI anubhUti hotI hI hai| usameM koI bAdhA nahIM hotI hai| isalie vyabhicAribhAvAdiko svazabda-vAcyatA koI doSa nahIM hai| jaise isa prakArake udAharaNake rUpameM pranthakAra agalA zloka ubaMta karate haiM]-- [nAyakake] dUra rahanese [usake darzanake lie] utsuka, [pAsa] mAnepara nIce jhuka
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________________ kA0 126, sU0 181 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 326 mAninyAzcaraNAnativyatikare vASpAmbupUrNekSaNaM, cakSurjAtamaho prapaJcacaturaM jAtAgasi preyasi // " ityAdau rasotpattaradoSa evAyam / tasmAdavyutpannoktitvAdavakroktireveyam / evamubhayarasasAdhAraNavibhAvapadAnAM kaNTena niyatavibhAvAbhidhAyitvAdhigamo'pi sandigdhatvalakSaNo vAkyadoSa eva / yathA "pariharati rati matiM lunIte skhalatitarAM parivartate ca bhUyaH / iti bata viSamA dazA svadeha paribhavati prasabhaM kimatra kurmaH // " atra matiparihArAdInAM vibhAvAnAM karuNAdAvapi sambhavAt zRMgAraM prati bhAvatvasandeha iti // [23] 125 // atha vRttilakSaNe rasAnantaramuddiSTAnAM bhAvAnAmavasarastatrApi rasAnurodhena prathama sthAyina ucyante / [sUtra 181]-rati-hAsazca-zokazca krodhotsAhI bhayaM tathA / jugupsA-vismaya-zamA rasAnAM sthAyinaH kramAt // [24] 126 // jAne vAle, usake bAta karanepara [prasannatAse] phaTe hue, mAliMgana karane laganepara [koSase] lAla hue, aura kapar3A pakar3anepara bhauheM Ter3hI kie tathA caraNoMmeM praNAma karane laganepara prAsumose bhare, mAninIke netra priyatamake [parastrI-sambhoga rUpa aparAdhake aparAdhI honepara nAnA prakArako prapaJca-racanAmeM catura ho gae haiM yaha pAzcaryako bAta hai| ityAdimeM [utsukatA prAdi rUpa vyabhicAribhAvoMke svazagdavAcya prati nAmataH gRhIta honepara bhI] rasako utpatti honese yaha [vyabhicAribhAvAdiko svazambavAcyatA] boSa nahIM hotA hai| isalie avidvAnoMke dvArA kathita honese yaha [sthAyibhAvAdiko svAnavAdhyatAko doSa ThaharAne vAlI] ukti ThIka ukti nahIM hai [arthAt vyabhicAribhAvAriko svazabdavAcyatAko doSa nahIM mAnanA cAhie / ___isI prakAra do rasoMmeM samAna rUpase pAe jAne vAle vibhAvAdi vAdhaka padoMse kisI eka niyatarasake vibhAvAdiko kaThinatAse pratIti bhI [jiseki mammaTa prAdine rasadoSoMmeM ginAyA hai vaha rasadoSa na hokara sandigdhatvarUpa vAkyadoSa hI hai| jaise [isa nAyikAko] bar3I becainI ho rahI hai, isakI buddhi ThikAne nahIM hai, bAra-bAra gira par3atI hai, aura nirI karavaTeM badala rahI hai / isa prakAra isake dehakI bar3I viSama avasthA ho rahI hai isakA kyA upAya karanA caahie| isameM ratikA pariharaNa prAdi rUpa vibhAva[zRMgArameM to hote hI haiM usake atirikta] karuNAdimeM bhI ho sakate haiM isalie unake zRMgArake prati bhAva hone meM sandeha hai [ise anya loga rasadoSa mAnate haiM / parantu graMthakArake matameM vaha vAkyadoSa hai, rasadoSa nahIM] // [23] 125 // aba vRttiyoMke lakSaNameM rasoMke bAda kahe hue bhAvoMke pratipAdanakA yapi avasara hai kintu rasoMke prasaGgase pahile sthAyibhAvoMko kahate haiN| [sUtra 181]- rati, hAsa, zoka, krodha, utsAha, bhaya, muguptA, vismaya bhora sama meM nau zRMgArAdi pUrvokta nau] rasoMke kramazaH sthAyibhAva haiM / [24] 126 /
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________________ 330 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 127, sU0 182 strI-puMsayorAsthA bandhAparaparyAyo'nyonyamabhiSvaMgo ' ratiH' / eSA ca kAmAvasthAnuvartinyA abhilASamAtrasArAyA vyabhicAriNyAH, devatAdiSu bandhuSu manoharavastuSu ca prItirUpAyAzca ratervilakSaNaiva / rabjanonmAdAnuviddhazcittasya vikAso 'hAsa:' / nirve - dAnuviddha N duHkhaM 'zokaH' / apacikIrSA jugupsAhetuH paritApAvezaH 'krodhaH' / dharma-dAnayuddhAdikarmaNyanAlasyaM 'utsAha:' / vaiklavyaM 'bhayam' / kutsitatvAdhyavasAyo 'jugupsA' / utkRSTatvAdhyavasAyo 'vismayaH' / niHspRhatvaM 'zamaH ' / rasAnAM zRMgArAdInAM sthAyinaH pariNAmikAraNAni / 'kramAt' iti rasodda zakrameNa / tenAmI rasAntarANAM vyabhicAriNo'nubhAvAzca bhavanti / tatraiSAmAgantukatvena sthAyitvAbhAvAt / sahabhAvitvena poSakatve vyabhicAritA / kAryatve tvanubhAvatA / tathaiSAM vibhAvA anubhAvAzca ye gArAdiSu raseSUktAsta eveti na pRthak ucyante / / [24] 126 / / [sU0 182 ] - nirveda-glAnyapasmAra - zaGkA - 'sUyA-mada-zramAH / cintA - cApalamAvego mati-rvyAdhiHsmRti- dhRtiH // / / [25] 127 // zabdoMmeM 'prAsthAbandha' bhI abhilASamAtra rUpa vyabhi strI aura puruSakA eka-dUsare ke prati prema, jisako dUsare kahate haiM, 'rati' kahalAtA hai / yaha [rati] kAmAvasthA meM rahanevAlI cAribhAvAtmaka ratise, tathA devatAdike prati [ prema ], bandhudhoke prati prema, aura manohara vastuoMke prati prIti rUpa ratise bhinna prakArakI hotI hai / manakI prasannatA aura unmAda prAvise utpanna cittakA vikAsa 'hAsa' kahalAtA hai / nirdebase yukta duHkha 'zoka' kahA jAtA hai / [dUsareke ] epakAra karane tathA [dUsarese] ghRNA karanekA hetubhUta santApakA prAveza 'krodha' kahalAtA hai| dharma, dAna aura yuddhAdi kAryoMke prati prAlasyakA prabhAva 'utsAha' kahalAtA hai / ghabarAhaTakA nAma 'bhaya' hai / kutsita honekA nizcaya 'jugupsA' kahalAtA hai / utkRSTa honekA nizcaya 'vismaya' kahA jAtA hai| [kisI vastuko prApti AdikI ] icchAkA prabhAva 'zama' kahalAtA hai| rasoMke arthAt zRGgArAdike prati sthAyibhAva [zrarthAt ratyAdi pariNAma ke janaka ] pariNAmikAraNa hote haiN| 'kramase' [yaha jo kArikAmeM kahA hai] isase rasoMke nAma kIrtanake kramase ina [sthAyibhAva]ko samajhanA caahie| isalie [ ye ratyAdi jisa rasake sthAyibhAva mAne gae haiM] usase bhinna rasoMmeM ve vyabhicAribhAva nathA anubhAva rUpa bhI ho sakate haiN| una [dUsare rasoM] meM ina [ratyAdi] ke zrAgantuka honese sthAyibhAvatva [ inameM ] nahIM banatA hai / [ratyAdike] sahacArI rUpase rasa-poSaka honepara unako vyabhicAribhAva kahA jAtA hai / aura kAryarUpa honepara unako anubhAva kahA jAtA hai / ina [ratyAdi ] ke vibhAva aura anubhAva jo zrRMgArAdi rasoM meM kahe haiM ve hI [ yahA~ sthAyibhAvoM meM] hote haiM isalie alaga nahIM kahe gae haiM / [ prarthAt zrRMgArAdi rasoMmeM jo vibhAva anubhAva kahe jA cuke haiM ve hI ratyAdi sthAyibhAvoMke bhI vibhAva, anubhAva aura vyabhicAribhAva hote haiM isalie yahA~ unako dubArA nahIM kahA hai ] // [24] 126 // . sthAyibhAvoMke bAda agalI tIna kArikAthoM meM vyabhicAribhAva dikhalAte haiM [ sUtra 182 ] -- 1. nirveda, 2. glAni, 3. apasmAra, 4. zaGkA, 5. zrasUyA, 6. mada, 7. zrama, 8. cintA, 6. capalatA, 10. zrAvega, 11. vyAdhi, 12. mati, 13. smRti, 14. dhRti
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________________ kA0 128-26, sU0 182 ] tRtIyo vivekaH amarSo maraNaM moho nidrA suptaugya-dRSTayaH / viSAdonmAda-dainyAni vIDA trAso vitarkaNam // // [26] 128 // garvotsukyAvahitthAni jADyAlasya-vibodhanam / trayastrizad yathAyogaM rasAnAM vyabhicAriNaH // // [27] 126 // 'trayastriMzata' iti dvandvAnuvAdamAtram / anye'pi punaH sambhavanti / yathA zuttRSNA-maitrI-muditA-zraddhA-dayA-upekSA-rati-santoSa-kSamA-mArdava - Arjava - dAkSiNyAdayaH, tathA sthAyino'nubhAvAzceti / 'yathAyogam' iti rasaucityAnatikrameNa / tena kecit sAdhAraNAH, kecit punarasAdhAraNAH / etacca yathArasaM nirNItameveti / // [25-27] 127-126 / / (1) athaiSAM pratyekazaH svarUpapratipAdaka lakSaNamukhyate[sUtra 183]-nirvedastatvadhIH klezavarasyaM zvAsatApakRt / klezA dAridra-ya-vyAdhyapamAneA-bhramAkroza-tADaneSTaviyoga-paravibhUtidarza 15. amarSa, 16. maraNa, 17. moha, 18. nidrA, 16. supti, 20. harSa, 21. ugratA, 22. viSAda, 23. unmAva, 24. dainya, 25. vIr3A, 26. trAsa, 27. vitakaM / 28, gavaM, 26. prautsukya, 30. pravAhitthA [ prAkAra-gopana], 31. jaDatA, 12. mAlasya, aura 33. vibodha-ye taitIsa paucityake anusAra [yathAyoga] rasoMke vyabhicArita bhAva hote haiN| [25-27] 127-126 / taitIsa kahanese isa [ tIsa aura tIna ] baMda [samAsase taitIsa saMkhyAkA] anuvAramAtra kiyA gayA hai| kintu inake atirikta anya vyabhicAribhAva bhI ho sakate haiM / jaise-bhUkha, pyAsa, maitrI, muditA, zraThA, dayA, upekSA, rati, santoSa, kSamA, mRdutA, saralatA, bAkSiya pAri / aura sthAyibhAva tathA anubhAva [bhI vyabhicAribhAva ho sakate haiN| ve saba ina 33 se alaga haiN| isalie 33 saMkhyA kevala pUrvakathita saMkhyAkA anuvAdamAtra hai] / 'yathAyogam' isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki rasake procityake anusAra [inameMse kauna kahAM kisa rasameM vyabhicAribhAva hai isakA nirNaya karanA caahie| isalie kucha [vyabhicAribhAva aneka rasoMmeM samAna rUpase vidyamAna rahaneke kAraNa ] sAdhAraNa hote haiM aura kucha [ nizcita rUpase kisI vizeSa rasameM hI rahaneke kAraNa] asAdhAraNa hote haiN| isa bAtakA nirNaya rasoMke prasaGgameM kara ho cuke haiN| [24-47] 127-126 / / (1) aba kramazaH inake svarUpake pratipAdaka lakSaNa kahate haiM [sUtra 183]-tattvajJAna [ paraka cittavRtti ] kA nAma 'nirveda' hai| vaha klezota utpanna virasatAke kAraNa hotA hai aura zvAsa tathA tApakA kAraNa hotA hai| kleza arthAt daridratA, vyAdhi, apamAna, IrSyA, bhrama, phaTakAra [mAkosa], mAra, paraviyoga, dUsaroMke aizvarya-varzana mAdi / tatvajJAnAvi rUpa vibhAvoMse jo varasya vaha 'nirvera
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________________ 332 nATyadarpaNam / kA0 130, sU0 184 nAdayaH / tatvajJAnAdibhirvibhAvairyad vairasyaM sa nirvedH| sa ca niHzvAsa-santApayorupalakSaNatvAdanyeSAM ca cintAzru-vaivarNya-dainyAdInAmanubhAvAnAM kAraka iti / ayaM ca raseSvaniyatatvAt kAdAcitkatvAcca vyabhicArI na sthAyI / evamanyeSvapi vAcyam / ___ mammaTastu vyabhicArikathanaprastAve nirvedasya zAntarasaM prati sthAyitAM, pratikUlavibhAvAdipariprahaH' ityatra tu tameva prati vyabhicAritAM ca, bruvANaH svavacanavirodhena pratihata iti / (2) atha glAniH[sUtra0 184] glAniH pIDA jarA'yAsaH, prazaktiH kArya kampabhAk // [28] 130 // 'pIDA' vyAdhi-vamana-vireka-t-pipAsAdibhiranekadhA kAya-manoduHkham / 'zrAyAso' vyAyAmAdhvagati-suratAdibhiH kaaykleshH| pIDA-jarA''yAsairupalakSaNAdanyaizca / nidrocchedamanastApAdibhirvibhAvairyA'zaktiH sAmarthyAbhAvaH sA 'glAniH' / kAya kaaykssaamtaa| kArya-kampAvupalakSaNatvAt . kSAmavAkya-mandapadotkSepa-vaivarNya-anutsAhAdIMzcAnubhAvAn bhajata iti // [28] 130 // kahalAtA hai| aura vaha nizvAsa aura saintApakA, tathA unake upalakSaNarUpa honese cintA, ama-vivarNatA dainyAdi anya anubhAvoMkA bhI janaka hotA hai| yaha [nirveda] rasoMmeM niyata na honese praura kAbAcitka honese vyabhicAribhAva hotA haiM / isI prakAra anya [vyabhicAribhAvoM] meM bhI [aniyatatva aura kAvAciskatva honeke kAraNa hI unakA vyabhicAribhAvatva] samajhanA caahie| .. [ kAvyaprakAzakAra ] mammaTane to vyabhicAribhAvoMke nirUpaNake prasaGgameM nidako zAntarasakA sthAyibhAva kahA hai aura 'pratikUlavibhAvAvigrahe rUpa rasa doSake prasaMgameM usI [zAntarasa] ke prati [nirveda ke vyabhicArabhAvatvakA pratipAvana karake svayaM hI apane kathanakA khaNDana kara liyA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha humA ki nirveda sthAyibhAva nahIM hotA hai / sadA vyabhicAribhAva hI hotA hai / mammaTane jo vyabhicAribhAvoMke nirUpaNake prasaGgameM nirvedako sthAyibhAva mAnA hai vaha anucita hai / aura mAge svayaM unake kathanase hI yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki nirveda zAntarasakA sthAyibhAva nahIM apitu kevala gyabhicAribhAva hai| usa dazAmeM zAntarasakA sthAyibhAva 'zama' hogaa| isalie yahA~ granthakArane zamako hI zAntarasakA sthAyibhAva mAnA hai / / (2) [sUtra 134]-praba glAni [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] pIDAkA nAma glAni hai / vaha vAkya aura zrama prAdi vibhAvoM [kAraNoM se utpanna hotI hai aura kRzatA tathA kampa prAvi[anubhAvoM ko utpanna karanevAlI hotI haiM / [28] 130 // gyAdhi, vamana, virecana, bhUkha, pyAsa Adike dvArA aneka prakArase zArIrika, mAnasika duHkhakA nAma 'pIDA, hai / vyAyAma, mArgagamana aura suratAdise honevAlA zArIrika kleza 'mAyAsa' [kahalAtA hai| por3A, vAkya aura prAyAsAdise tathA unake upalakSaNarUpa honese nidrA na mAne, mAnasika santApa prAvi anya vibhAvoMse jo prazakti hotI hai vaha 'glAni' kahalAtI hai| kRzatA prarthAta zArIrika durbltaa| [aura vaha kampako janaka hotI hai /
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________________ kA0 131, sU0 186 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 333 (3) athApasmAraH[sU0 185]-vaikalyaM graha-doSebhyo'pasmAro nindyaceSTitaH / 'grahAH' paragrahaNazIlAH pishaacaadyaaH| dhAtuvaiSamyaM doSaH / bahuvacanAducchiSTazUnyasthAnasevanAzucisamparkAderyad vaikalyaM kRtyAkRtyAvivecakatvaM so'psmaarH| nincha vigahitaM sahasA bhUmipatana-phenamokSa-niHzvasana-dhAvana pravepana-stambha-svedAdikaM ceSTitamatreti // (4) atha zaMkA[sU0 186]-zaGkA sva-paradaurAtmyAd dolanaM zyAmatAdiyuk // [26] 131 // daurAtmyamakAryakaraNam / upalakSaNatvAccAsya sAdRzyAdayo'pi vibhAvA graahyaaH| dolanaM kSobha-sandehAbhyAmanavasthitvaM cetasaH / zrAdizabdAn muhuravalokana-avaguNThanamukhauSTha-kaNThazoSa-jilAparilehana-vepathu-caladRSTitvAdayo'nubhAvA gRhyante iti / // [26] 131 // (5) athAsUyAkAzyaM tathA kampake upalakSaNarUpa honese AvAja na nikalanA, paira dhIre uThanA, vivararNatA paura anutsAha mAvi manubhAvoMko bhI boSita karate haiM // 13 // (3) aba apasmAra kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 185] [ pizAcAdi rUpa] grahoM tathA [vAta-pittAdi rUpa] boSoMkI viSamatAse utpanna becainI 'apasmAra' kahalAtA ho aura vaha [ bhUmipatana mAvi rUpa ] gahita vyApAroMse yukta hotA hai| dUsaroMko pakar3a lenevAle pizAcAdi 'maha' kahalAte haiM / vAta, pitta, kapha rUpa dhAtumoMkI viSamatA 'doSa' kahalAtI hai| [doSamyo isa bahuvacanase ucchiSTa khAne, nirjana sthAnameM rahane, aura gande padArthose samparka rakhanese jo vikalatA arthAt kartavya aura akartavyakA nizcaya na kara sakanA vaha 'apasmAra' kahalAtA hai / 'nincha' arthAt gahita sahasA bhUmipara gira par3anA, phena girAne laganA, jorase zvAsa lene laganA, daur3anA, kAMpanA, kar3A par3a jAnA aura pasImA mAne laganA prAvi ceSTAe~ isameM hotI haiN| (4) aba 'zaGkA' [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 186]-apane yA dUsareke duSkarmose [manakA kampana zaGkA kahalAtI hai| aura vaha jyAmatA prAviko utpanna karanevAlI hotI hai / [26] 131 // 'daurAtmya' arthAta anucita kAryokA karanA [daurAtmya padake upalakSaNa rUpa honese [sArise utpanna zAmeM raca Adi rUpa] sAdRzya prAdi vibhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa karanA cAhiye / dula tathA sambahake kAraNa manakI asthiratA 'dolana' kahalAtI hai| prAdi zamdase bAra-bAra dekhanA, muMha Dhaka lenA, mukha, proSTha.kaNThakA sUkha jAnA, jIbha calAnA, kA~panA, paMcana hi mAvi manya anubhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / [29] 131 // - (2) aba 'prasUyA' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM]
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________________ 334 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 132, sU018 [sU0 185]-dveSAdeH sadguNAkSAntirasUyA doSazinI / zrAdizabdAdaparAdha-garva-parasaubhAgya-aizvarya-vidyA-lIlAdarzanAdigrahaH / sadguNA jJAna-kriyAdayo viziSTadharmAH / eSA ca doSAn vaJcakatvAdInasataH sato vA darzayati / upalakSaNAt bhrUbhaMga-avajJA-guNanihnava-manyu-krodhAdayo'nubhAvA gRhyanta iti // (6) atha madaH[sU0 188]-jyeSThAdau munmado madyAt, nidrA-hAsyAghra kRt kramAta // [30] 132 // jyeSTha uttamaH / zrAdizabdAnmadhyamAdhamau gRhya te / nidrayA smita-madhurAsyarAgaromaharSa-ISadvathAkulavacana-sukumAragatyAdayaH, hAsyena skhalana-ghUrNana-bAhussana-kuTilagamanAdayaH, azruNA ca niSThIvana-jihvAskhalana-smRtinAza-matibhraza-chardita-hikkAkaphAdayo gRhyante / 'kramAt' iti uttamAdau yathAsaMkhyaM nidraadyo'nubhaavaaH| nATayeca rakhanAnimittamApAnamapi kvacidabhinIyate / tatra ca mado vyabhicArI sambhavati / yatra punaH pAtraM pItamadyameva pravizati, tasya trAsAdinA mado'paneyo'nyathA kAryavyAghAtaH syAditi // [30] 132 / / [sUtra 187]-dveSAdike kAraNa [kisI dUsareke] sapuraNoMko sahana na kara sapanA, 'prasUyA' kahalAtA hai aura vaha [sadA dUsareke doSoMko dekhane vAlI hotI hai|| ___ mAvi zambase aparASa, garva, dUsaroMke saubhAgya, yA vidyA, yA lIlA mAdike darzanakA grahaNa hotA hai / sadguNa arthAt jJAna, kriyA prAdi viziSTa dharma / yaha prasUyA] vidyamAna yA pravicamAna banakatvAdi doSoMko dekhane vAlI hotI hai| [doSarazinI padake] upalakSaNa ma honese 5 bhaGga, apamAna, guNoMkA chipAnA, manyu tathA koSa, mAdi [asUyAke] anubhAvoMkA bhI paharaNa hotA hai| (6) praba mada vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 188] - jyeSTha prAvi [arthAt uttama, madhyama yA adhama prAtroM meM mana-dhanya paura nidrA, hAsya tathA rodanako utpanna karanevAlA mAnanda 'mada' kahalAtA hai|[20152|| jyeSTha arthAt uttama / prAvi zambase madhyama tathA aSamakA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| nidrA pavase muskarAhaTa, ceharepara halakI lAlimA, romAMca ho pAnA, prasta-vyasta bacana aura sukumAra gati mAvikA, 'hAsya' pabase giranA cakkara hAnA, hAya Tole ho bAnA aura lar3ala. jhAnA Adi, tathA 'prabhu' padase thUkanA, jIbha SaTakAramA, smRtinAza, gatiza, bamana, hicakI, kapha prAvikA praharaNa bhI hotA hai| mAt' isase yaha abhiprAya hai ki uttama prApi meM kramazaH nidrA mAvi anubhAva hote haiN| [arthAt mAse uttamameM nidrA, bhayamameM hAsya tathA prathamameM rovana hotA hai| svAmIke manoraMjanake lie kabhI mapAnakA bhI abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| unameM mada vyabhicAribhAva hotA hai| bo pAsa madyapAna pie e hI pagina karane ke lie pAtA hai usakA mana to bhayAvihArApurakaramA pAhie nahIM to [ganimaya kArya meM vighna pdd'egaa| [30] 132 //
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________________ kA0 133, sU0 161 ] (7) atha zramaH - [ sUtra 186 ] - zramo ratAdibhiH sAdaH sveda - zvAsAdikAraraNam / dizabdAdadhvagati - vyAyAmAdervibhAvasya grahaH / sAdo'GgAdInAM zoSaH / dvitIyAdizabdAnmukhavikUNana vijRmbhaN- aMgamardana- mandapadotkSepAderanubhAvasya graha iti // tRtIyo vivekaH (8) atha cintA - [10] --- prAdhizcintA priyAnApteH zUnyatA-zvAsa- kArzyayuk // [31] 133 // AdhirmAnasI pIDA / priyasyeSTasyAprAptiH priyAprAptirvA priyAnAptiH / zUnyatA vikalendriyatA / upalakSaNatvAdekAgra dRSTitva- smRtyAdayo'pyanubhAvA iti / / [31] 133 || [ 335 (6) atha cApalam [ sUtra 161] - cApalaM sAhasaM rAga-dveSAdeH svairitAdimat / sAhasamavimRzyakAritA / AdizabdAjjADyA dehaH / svairitvaM svacchandAcAraH / zrAdizabdAd vAkpAruSya tADana-badha-bandhAderanubhAvasya graha iti / (7) zraba zrama [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 189 ] - ramaraNa karane prAdike kAraraNa utpanna thakAvaTa 'bhrama' kahalAtA hai / aura vaha sveda tathA zvAsAdikA kAraNa hotA hai / [ratAdimeM] 'Adi' zabdase mArgagamana aura vyAyAma prAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / 'sAda:' arthAt zarIrAdikA zoSa / [zvAsAdikAraNam meM thAe hue ] dUsare 'Adi' zabdase mu~ha sikur3anA, jambhAI, aGgoMkI malinatA, dhIre-dhIre paira uThAnA prAdi anubhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / (8) aba cintA [ rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 160 ] - iSTa vastuko prApti na hone [athavA aniSTakI prApti hone ] se utpanna mAnasI pIr3Ako 'cintA' kahate haiN| vaha indriyoMko vikalatA zvAsa aura kRzatA dhAviko jananI hotI hai / [31] 133 // 'prASi' zrarthAt mAnasika pIr3A / priya arthAt iSTakI praprApti athavA prapriyako prApti [donoMse hI cintA utpanna hotI hai ] / zUnyatAkA artha indriyoMko vikalatA hai / aura upalakSaraNabhUta hone se vaha usase TakaTakI lagAnA, yAda AnA Adi anubhAvoMkA bhI graharaNa hotA hai / / [31] 133 // (6) aba capalatA nAmaka vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 161] - rAgadveSAdike [ prativekake] kAraNa binA vicAre jo kArya karane laganA hai vaha [ zravimRzyakAritA rUpa sAhasa ] 'capalatA' kahalAtA hai / aura vaha svecchAcaritA bhAvikI jananI hotI hai / 'sAhasa' arthAt binA soce-samajhe kArya karanA / [ pahale] 'Adi' zabdase janatA AvikA praharaNa hotA hai| svacchanda prAcaraNa 'svaritA' hai / [ dUsare ] 'bhavi' zakyase kaThora
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________________ 336 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 134. sU0 193 (10) athAvegaH[sUtra 192]-prAvegaH sabhrammo'taryAt vikartA'Gga ano-girAm // [32] 134 // __ sambhramaH saMkSobhaH / atakyaM acintitopanatamiSTamaniSTa vaa| tatreSTaM devtaaguru-maany-vllbh-smpcchrvnn-dRssttyaadi| anissttmgni-bhuukmpaayutpaat-vaat-vrss-kuarcor-saamnojnyshrvnndrshnaadi| tatrAbhyutthAna-pulakAliMganavastrAdipradAnAdayaH priyAH, sAMgalastatAmukhavaivarNya-piNDIbhAva-pradhAvana-AkulanetratA- tvaritApasaraNa - pazcAdavalokana-zastrAdigrahaNa-urvIpatana-kampa-veda-stambhAdayo apriyAMzcAMgikAH / harSa-vismayAdayaH priyAH, zaMkA-viSAda-bhayAdayo'priyAzca mAnasAH / smRti-cATukArAzaMsAvAkyAdayaH priyAH, krandana-paridevana-asambandhavacanAdayazcApriyA vAcikA vikArA yathAyoga priyApriyAtartyavastujAvegasyAnubhAvAH / sarve'pyete vikArA uttamasya sthairyAnuviddhAH, nIcasya tu cApalAnuviddhA iti // [32] 134 // (11) atha matiH[sUtra 193]-pratibhAnaM matiH zAstra-tarkAd bhrAMticchidAdikRt / bacana, mAra-pITa karane aura badha-bandhana prAvikA grahaNa hotA hai| . (10) praba pAvega [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 142]-akasmAta upasthita ho jAne vAle [iSTa yA aniSTa] se utpanna soma 'mAvega' kahalAtA hai / aura zarIra, mana tathA vANImeM vikArakA janaka hotA hai| [32]134 // 'sambhrama' arthAt saMkSobha / 'pratayaM' arthAt jisako socA bhI nahIM thA isa prakArake iSTa yA aniSTakA akasmAt upasthita ho jAnA / usameM [pratopanata] 'iSTa' se devatA, guru, mAgya, priya athavA sampattikI prAptikA sunanA prAdi [gRhIta hotA hai] / 'aniSTa se bhAga laga jAnA, bhUkampa prAdikA utpAta, AMdhI-pAnI, hAthI, cora, sAMpa aura arucikara bAtakA sunanA yA [bharucikara dRzyakA] dekhanA prAdi [gRhIta hotA hai] / unameM bhI abhyutthAna romAdha, prAliGgana pora vastra-pradAna prAdi priya, aura sAre aGgoMkA zithila ho jAnA, mukha pIlA ho jAnA, piNDIbhAva, daur3anA, netroMmeM ghabarAhaTa dIkhanA, jaldIse haTa jAnA, loTa-lauTakara pIche dekhanA, zastrAdi uThAnA pRthivIpara gira jAnA, kampana, sveda aura zarIrako niSkriyatA prAvi apriya aGgika [anubhava hote haiN| harSa-vismaya prAdi priya, zaMkA, viSAda, bhaya prAdi prapriya mAnasika [anubhava hote haiM / prazaMsA, cApalUsI zubhAkAMkSAke vAkya prAdi priya, tapA paura asambaddha pralApa karanA prAdi vAcika vikAra, yathAyogya priya-apriya rUpa [pratakyaM ronA-vilApa karanA arthAt akasmAt upasthita hone vAle vastuoMse utpanna prAvegake anubhASa hote haiM / ye sabhI vikAra uttama puruSoM meM dhairyase yukta aura nIca [pAtroM] meM capalatAse yukta rahate haiM / [32] 134 // (11) praba mati [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate hai? - [sUtra 143]-zAstra [ke cintana] tathA sakase utpanna hone vAlI navanavonmezazAlinI prajJA 'mati' kahalAtI hai| aura vaha bhramocchedana mAviko jananI hotI hai|
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________________ kA0 135, sU0 164-65 ] tRtIyo vivekaH navanavollekhazAlinI prajJA pratibhAnam / zAstra zAstraviSayaM cintanam / tarko vidhi-niSedhaviSayau sambhAvanApratyayau anvaya-vyatirekAtyayo vaa| bhrAMtiH saMzayo viparyayo vA / zrAdizabdAdupadezAdigrahaH iti / / (12) atha vyAdhiH[sUtra 194]-doSebhyo'Gga-manaHkleSo vyAdhiH stanita-kampavAn // [33] 135 // doSAH kapha-vAta-pitta-sannipAtAdayaH / stnitmaatesvrH| upalakSaNAnmukhazoSadantavINAvAdana-zItAbhilASa-vikSiptAMgatA-saMtApAdayo'pyanubhAvA gRhyante iti // [33] 135 // (13) atha smRtiH -- [sUtra 195]-dRSTAbhAsaH smRtistulyadRSTyAde nnatikriyA / dRSTAbhAsaH pUrva dRSTamiti jJAnam / tulyadRSTiH sdRshdrshnm| AdizabdAt sarAbhavaNa-cintA-saMskAra rAtripazcAdbhAganidroccheda -praNidhAna-punaHpunaHparizIlanapUrva darzanapATavAdevibhAvasya grahaH / annatebhruva UrdhvakSepasya / upalakSaNAcchira kampanAvalokanAdezcAnubhAvasya kriyA niSpattiryasyAH, sA tatheti // maI-naI sUjha dene vAlI buli 'pratibhA' kahalAtI hai| zAstrase zAstra-viSayaka cintana [kA paharaNa hotA hai| kisI eka pakSakI] vidhi aura niveSa se utpanna hone vAle vividha sambhAvanA zAna athavA anvaya tathA vyatirekako tarka' kahate haiM / 'bhrAMti' zamdase saMzaya athavA viparyaya [bonoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / prAdi zabdase upadeza prAdikA grahaNa hotA hai| (12) aba vyAdhi [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] sUtra 194]-[vAta-pittAvi rUpa] doSoMse utpanna zArIrika yA mAnasika kleza 'vyAdhi' kahalAtA hai| aura vaha mArtasvara tathA kampAdikA janaka hotA hai // [33] 135 // _ 'yoSa' arthAt kapha, vAta, pitta aura unakA sannipAta prAdi / 'stanita' arthAt pArasvara / usake upalakSaNa rUpa honese mukhakA sUkhanA, vAMtoMkI vINAkA bajAnA, ThaNDakako icyA pora agoMkI vikSiptatA tathA santApa prAdi anubhAvoMkA bhI praharaNa hotA hai| [33] 135 // ... (13) aba smRti [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM ] [sUtra 165]-milate-julate sadRza padArthako dekhane mAdise utpanna pUrva ra arthakA bhAna 'smRti' kahalAtA hai| aura vaha bhauheMko umnati mAdikI jananI hotI hai|| haTAbhAsa arthAt pUrva arthakA jJAna / tulyadRSTikA artha milate-julate sahA padArthakA rekhamA, hai| prAdi zambase sahaza bhavaraNa, cintA, saMskAra, rAtrike pichale bhAgameM nIrakA bula bAnA, dhyAna, bAra-bAra socanA, darzanako tIvratA prAvi [vibhAvoM prarthAt kAraNoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| bhauhoMkI unnati praryAta bhauhoMkA Upara car3hanA mAvi manubhAvoMkA / usake upalakSaNa ma honese sira hilAnA aura dekhane mAvi anubhAvoMkI kriyA prati utpatti jisase hotI haibaha usa prakArako [dhammatikiyAkI jananI smRti hotI hai|]
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________________ 338 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 136-37, sU0 166-68 (14) atha dhRtiH -- [sUtra 196]--dhRtirjAneSTalAbhAdeH santuSTirdehapuSTikRt // [34] 136 // jJAnaM vivekajJAnaM bAhuzrutyaM vA / iSTasyepsitamya lAbhaH praaptiH| AdizabdAta zaucAcaraNa-krIDA-devatAdibhakti-viziSTazaktyAdevibhAvasya grahaH / dehapuSTirupalakSae gatAnanuzocanAdInAmanubhAvAnApiti / / [34] 136 // (15) athAmarSaH - [sUtra 197]-kSepAdeH pratikArecchA'marSo'smin kampanAdayaH / kssepstirskaarH| AdizabdAdapamAnAdevibhAvasya grhH| apakAriNi svayamapakaraNAbhilASaH prtikaarecchaa| parasyApakArAbhAve'pi parAnarthakaraNAbhiprAyarUpaH krodha itynyorbhedH| asminnamarSe / zrAdizabdAdadhomukhacintana-prasveda-utsAha-dhyAnopAyAnveSaNa-tarjana-tADanAdInAmanubhAvAnAM graha iti / / (16) atha maraNam[sUtra 198]-vyAdhyAdemRtyusaGkalpo maraNaM vikalendriyam // [35] (14) aba ti [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 146]---jJAna athavA iSTaprApti prAdise utpanna santoSa 'ti' hai| aura vaha zarIrako puSTi AdikA karane vAlA hotA hai / [34] 136 / jJAna arthAt vivekajJAna athavA bhushruttaa| iSTa arthAt manacAhI vastukA lAbha arthAt prApta honaa| Adi zabdase zuddhAcaraNa krIDA [manoraMjana], devatAoMko bhakti, vizeSa bhAvita Adi kAraNoM [vibhAva] kA graharaNa hotA hai| dehapuSTi zabda, bItI bAtakA zoka na karane prAdi anubhAvoMkA bhI upalabharaNa hai / / [34] 136 // (15) aba amarSa [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 147] :- tiraskAra prAdike kAraNa utpanna badalA leneko icchA 'pramarSa' hai / isameM kampana prAdi [anubhAva hote haiN| kSepa prarthAt tiraskAra / prAdi zabdase apamAnAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| apakArIke prati svayaM usakA prapakAra karanekI icchA 'pratikArecchA' kahalAtI hai| dUsareke dvArA apakAra na kie jAnepara bhI dUsareko hAni pahuMcAnekA abhiprAya kroSa' kahalAtA hai| yaha ina donoMkA bheda hai / isameM arthAt amarSa meM / mAdi zabdase sira nIcA karake socanA, pasInA mAnA, utsAha, dhyAna, upAyoMke khojane, phaTakArane, poTane prAdi anubhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| (16) aba maraNa [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 148]-vyAdhi prAdike kAraNa maraneko icchA karanA 'maraNa' kahalAtA hai [arthAt yahA~ maraNa zabdase prAraNa nikala jAne rUpa vAstavika maraNakA prahaNa nahIM hotA hai| syoMki nATakoMmeM vAstavika maraNakA dikhalAnA niSiza mAnA gayA hai / aura vaha indriyoMko vikala karane vAlA hotA hai| [35] 137 /
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________________ kA0 137, sU0 166 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 336 vyAdhyAdayo vaat-pitt-shlessmvaissmy-jvr-vicrcikaa-pittkaadyH| AdizabdAt zastrAbhighAta-viSapAna-ahidaMza-zvApada-gaja-turagAdyAkramaNa-vAhanoccasthAnapatanAdevibhAvasya grahaH / 'mRtyusaMkalpo' duSpatikAro'yamanarthastasmAdavazyaM mariSyAmItyadhyavasAyaH / vikalAni svaviSayagrahaNaM pratyasamarthAnIndriyANi yasmin / upalakSaNAd vihvalaceSTitahikkA-niHzvAsa-parijanAnavekSaNa - avyaktAkSarabhASaNa - vadanadainya-sahasAbhUmipatanakampana - sphuraNa-kArya - phena-jADya - hastaskandhabhaGgAnapekSitagAtrasaJcArAdayo'nubhAvA gRhynte| prANanirodharUpaM tu maraNaM na nATye prayojyamiti, na tasya vibhAvAnubhAvasvarUpANi pratipAdyanta iti // 137 / / / (17) atha mohaH - [sUtra 196]-acaitanyaM prahArAdermoho,'trAghUrNanAdayaH / . _ 'acaitanya' pravRtti-nivRttijJAnAbhAvo na tu sarvathA gatacetanatvam / 'prahAro' marma. nnybhighaatH| AdizabdAt tIvravedanA-azakyapratikAra-caura-rAjA-ahi-vyAghrAdyAkramaNa-dezaviplava-agnyudakAdyupaghAta-vairidarzana-zravaNAdevibhAvaraya grahaH / atra mohe| Adi zabdAd bhramaNa-patanendriyAvyApArAderanubhAvasya grahaH / vyAdhi arthAt vAta, pitta kaphake vaiSamyase utpanna jvara vicacikA khAja aura phor3AphunsI prAdi / prAdi zabdase zastraprahAra, viSapAna, sA~pake kATane, hiMsra jantuoM, hAthI, ghor3e mAvika prAkramaNa, savArI athavA U~ce sthAnase girane prAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| [vAstavameM to marane kI icchA bhI koI nahIM karatA hai isalie ] mRtyusaMkalpase yahA~, yaha prApatti aisI hai jisakA pratikAra asambhava hai isalie avazya hI mara jAU~gA isa prakArakA nizcaya [mRtyusaMkalpa padase gRhIta hotA hai / vikala arthAt apane viSayako grahaNa karanemeM asamartha indriyAM jisameM ho jAtI haiM [vaha mRtyusaMkalpa vikalendriya maraNa rUpa hamA] / usake upalakSaraNa rUpa honese vihvala ceSTAnoM, hicakI, niHzvAsa, parijanoMko na dekhane, aspaSTa zAdoMkA uccAraNa, ceharekI dInatA, sahasA pRthivIpara gira par3ane, kAMpane lagane, phar3akane, kRzatA, phena galane, jar3atA, hAtha kandhe Avike TUTane-phUTaneko cintA na karake aGgoMke saMcAlana prAvi anubhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| prANa banda ho jAnA rUpa [vAstavika maraNa to nATakameM nahIM dikhalAnA cAhie / isalie usake vibhAva aura anubhAvoMke svarUpoMko yahA~ pratipAdana nahIM kiyA hai / [35] 137 / / (17) aba moha [rUpa vyabhicAribhAva kA lakSaNa karate haiM] - [sUtra 196] -prahAra Adise utpanna pracaitanya 'moha' kahalAtA hai| isameM cakkara pAnA prAdi hotA hai| acaitanyakA artha [kartavya va prakartavyameM] pravRtti-nivRttike jJAnakA na rahanA hai| sarvathA caitanyakA prabhAva [pracaMtanya zambase vivakSita nahIM hai ] prahAra arthAt marmasthalapara prAghAta / prAdi zambase tIvra vedanA, jinakA pratikAra sambhava na ho isa prakArake cora, rAjA, sarpa, vyAghra prAvika prAkramaNa, veza-viplava, Aga-pAnI Adike upadrava, zatruke dikhalAI dene athavA sunAI rene pAvi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| isameM arthAt mohmeN| prAvi zambase cakkara lAne
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________________ 340 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 136, sU0 200-201 (18) atha nidrA [ sUtra 200 ] - indriyAvyApRtinidrA, khevAve rddhakampinI || [36] 138 // indriyANi sparzanAdIni, na tu manaH, tasya nidrAyAmapi vyApArAt / 'avyAprati' viSayagrahaNoparatiH / AdizabdAdAlasya daurbalya-rAtri jAgaraNa-pratyAhAra-madazrama - klama-cintA-zayAlatAdervibhAvasya grahaH / mUrddhakampanena jRmbhaNa-vadanavikAsaniHzvAsa-netraghUrNana aGgabhaGga-akSimIlana-sarvakriyAsammohAdayo'nubhAvA upalakSyanta iti || [38] 138 // (16) atha suptam [ satra 201 ] - suptaM nidrAprakarSo'tra svapnAyita - khamohane / 'prakarSo' gADhatamAvasthA / svapnasya tAtkAlika viSayajJAnasya zrayitaM pratItitastat ' svapnAyitaM ' pralapitam / khAnAM manaHSaSThAnAmindriyANAM mohanamatizayena viSayavaimukhyam / nidrAyAM manaso'vadhAnamasti / atra tu tadapi manAguparudhyata iti bhedaH / vibhAvAstu nidrAgatA evAtra grAhyAH // girane aura indriyoMke vyApArake prabhAva Adi anubhAvoMkA praharaNa hotA hai / (18) aba nidrA [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 200] thakAvaTa grAvise utpanna indriyoMke vyApArakA prabhAva 'mitrA' kahalAtA hai / usase sira hilane lagatA hai / [36] 138 / indriyoMse tvacAM prAdi [ jJAnendriyoMkA ho graharaNa karanA cAhie ] manakA nahIM / kyoMki usakA vyApAra to nidrAkAlameM bhI hotA rahatA hai / vyApArakA prabhAva prarthAt [indriyoMkA ] viSayoMke grahaNase haTa jAnA / prAdi zabda se prAlasya, daurbalya, rAtameM jagane, adhika bhojana, madake sevana, parizrama, thakAvaTa, cintA, soneke svabhAva yAdi [nidrAke vibhAvoM arthAt ] kAraNoMkA graharaNa hotA hai| sira hilAnese jamhAI mAne, lambI niHzvAsa chor3ane, ghumAne, aMgar3AI prAne, zrIlaM jhapakane aura sArI kriyAghroMko bhUla jAne Adi anubhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / [36] 138 // (16) aba supta [nAma vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 201] - - prabala nidrAkA thAnA 'supta' [nAmaka vyabhicAribhAva] kahalAtA hai / isa meM banA - [svapnAyita] aura mana sahita saba indriyoMkA vikyoMse pratyanta vaimukhya [mohana] ho jAtA hai / [ nidrAkA ] prakarSa arthAt gADhatama avasthA | svapnakI prarthAt usa samaya [svapna meM hone vAle] jJAnakI 'prAyitaM' arthAt pratIti jisameM ho usa baneko 'svapnAyita' kahate haiM / 'kha' arthAt manake sahita [pA~coM kula milAkara ] chahoM indriyoMkA 'mohana' arthAt viSayoMse pratyanta vimukhatA / mitrAmeM manakI vRti rahatI hai yahA~ [suptimeM] to vaha bhI bilkula niruddha ho jAtI hai| yaha [mitra aura supsi ina donoMkA ] bheda hai| nidrAmeM kahe hue vibhAva ho yahA~ [suptike bhI kArana ] samajhane cAhie //
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________________ kA0 140, sU0 202-204 (20) prabhoSama [ satra 202 ] --'parAdhAnnaghRNyaM zragraya bandha-vadhAdibhiH // [37] 136 // 'duSTa' hiMsratvAnRtavAditva- vaJcakatvAdiyukte / aparAdhAdakArya kAritvAd daurmukhya-cauryAdirUpAda vibhAvAd yad rAjAdernairdhReyaM nirdayatvaM tadauprayam / tacca baMdhanvadhAbhyAm ! AdizabdAt tADana-nirbhartsana-sveda-ziraH kampAdibhiranubhAvairabhinetavyamiti || [37] 136 // (21) atha harSaH [ sUtra 203 ] - harSaH prasattiriSTApteratra svedAzru - gadgadAH / bhartR 'prasatti' zvetovikAsaH / 'iSTa' priyasaMyogApriyasaMyoganivRtti deva-guru-rAjaprasAda-bhojanAcchAdana-dhana-putrAdilAbha - putrAdigataharSa - viSayopabhogotsavAdi / 'gadgado' vASparUddhakaNThasya vAk / upalakSaNAna pulaka- priyabhAparaNa-netramukhaprasAdAderabhAvasya graha hati / (22) atha viSAdaH [ sUtra 204 ] - viSAdastAntiriSTasyAnAptenizvAsa cintanaH // tRtIyo vivekaH - [ 341 (20) atra upatA [rUpa vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 202] - aparAdhake kAraNa duSTa puruSake prati vadha-bandhAvi dvArA jo niyatA [ kA prakAzana hai ] vaha 'ugratA' kahalAtI hai / [37] 136 / [38] 140 // duSTa arthAt hiMsA karane vAle, jhUTha bolane vAle, athavA dhokhA dene vAle [ke prati ]. aparAdhake kAraNa arthAt pranucita kArya karane, UTapaTAMga bAta karane, corI, prAdi rUpa kAraNoM se jo rAjA zrAdi ko niThuratA arthAt nirdayatA, usako 'ugratA' kahA jAtA hai usakA abhinaya vadha tathA bandhana ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / prAdi zabdase mArane-phaTakArane sonA aura sira hilAne yAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA usakA abhinaya hotA hai / / [37] 136 // (21) aba 'harSa' [ vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM--- [ sUtra 203 ] - iSTako prAptike kAraNa [manakI] prasannatA harSa hotA hai| isameM sveda, prabhu dhaura gadgadatA ho jAtI hai / prasannatA prarthAt cittakA vikaas| iSTa prarthAt priyakA saMyoga prathavA prapriyake saMyoga kI nivRtti, devatA, guru, rAjA prathavA svAmIkI kRpAkI prApti, bhojana, zrAcchAdana, vastra, dhana, putrAdikI prApti, putrAdiko prasannatA, viSayoMke upabhoga zraura utsava zrAdi [ kA graharaNa hotA hai ] / prAMsuzroMse galA bhare huekI vANI 'gadgada' kahalAtI hai / usake upalakSaraNa rUpa honese romAMca, priya bhASaNa, prAMkhoM aura mukhako prasannatA prAdi anubhAvoMkA grahaNa bhI hotA hai / (22) zrama viSAda (kA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 204 ] -- iSTa vastuke na milanese [cittakA] anutsAha 'vivAda' kahalAtA hai / niHzvAsa tathA cintAke dvArA [ usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai] / [38] 1401
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________________ 342 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 141, sU0 205-206 'taanti'rnutsaahaakraantshcittsntaapH| 'iSTa' prArabdhanirvahaNa-daivApratikUlatvAdi / tasyAnAptiralAbho viparItalAbho vaa| cintanamupAyAnAm / bahuvacanAt sahAyAnveSaNa-vaimanasyAdibhirmadhyamottamagatairmukhazoSa-nidrA-dhyAna-jihvAparilehAdibhistvadhamagatairanubhAvairabhinIyata iti // [38] 140 // (23) athonmAdaH[sUtra 205]-manoviplutirunmAdo grahadoSairayuktakRt / viplutirvisaMsthulatA,' kvacidapyavizrAntiriti yAvat / graha-doSau apasmAre vyAkhyAtau / ayuktamanucitaM gIta-nRtta-paThitotthita-zayita-pradhAvita-rudita-AkraSTaasambaddhapralApana - animittahasita-bhasmapAMsvavadhUlana- nirmAlya - vIraghaTavaktrazarAvAbharaNopabhogAdi / ayaM cottamasya vipralambhe, adhamasya karuNe vyabhicArI / apasmArastu bIbhatsa-bhayAnakayoH / sa ca manovaikalyam , ayantu mano'navasthitiriti bheda iti / (24) atha dainyam[sUtra 206]-prApadaH svAntanIcatvaM dainyaM kAAvaguNThanaiH // // [36]141 // tAnti arthAt anutsAhase yukta cittakA santApa / iSTa arthAta prArambha kie hue kAryakI samAti bhAgyako prapratikUlatA prAdi / usakA prApta na honA athavA viparIta [arthAt paniTa] ko prAzi / cintana arthAt upAyoMke cintanadvArA [usakA abhinaya hotA hai| cintanaH padameM] bahuvacanake prayogase sahAyakoMkI khoja pora vaimanasya prAdi madhyama tathA uttama pAtragata [anubhAvoM ke dvArA tathA] aura mukha sUkhane, nIda, dhyAna, jIbha pherane grAdi pradhamapAtragata anubhAvoMkedvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [30] 140 // (23) aba unmAdakA [lakSaraNa karate haiM] [bhUta-pizAcAdi rUpa] graha tathA [vAta pittAdi rUpa] doSoMke kAraNa manakA patra ho jAnA 'unmAda' kahalAtA hai aura usameM anucita kArya karane lagatA hai / [sUtra 205] -'vipluti' arthAt masthiratA, kahIM bhI cittakA na laganA / graha tathA doSa donoMkI vyAkhyA apasmArameM kI jA cukI hai| prayukta arthAt anucita gAnA, nAcanA, par3hanA, uThanA, bhAganA, ronA, cillAnA, asambaddha bakavAda karanA, binA bAtake haMsanA, rAkha yA dhUla pheMkanA, devatAoMkI vastuoM [nirmAlya] pIpala mAdike vRkSoMpara TA~ge hue ghar3oM, [vIraghaTa] karavA, sakore Adi aura prAbharaNAvikA upabhogAdi / yaha [unmAda] uttamake vipralambhameM praura madhamake karuNameM vyabhicAribhAva hotA hai| aura apasmAra bIbhatsa tathA bhayAnaka rasoMmeM [vyabhicAribhAva hotA hai| [yaha unmAda tathA apasmArakA eka bheda hai| unakA dUsarA bheda yaha bhI hai ki vaha [arthAt apasmAra]manako vikalatAmaya hotA hai aura yaha [unmAda] manako asthiratArUpa hotA hai yaha ina [unmAda tathA apasmAra kA [dUsarA] bheda hai| (24) aba vainya [nAmaka vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 206]-mApattiyoM ke kAraNa manako vikalatA 'chainya' kahalAtI hai / [bahareko] kRSNatA aura Dhakaneke dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| [39]141 //
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________________ kA0 142, sU0 207-208 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 343 'Apado' daurgty-nykaaraadeH| svAntanIcatvaM manaHklaibyam / kANyaM vdnshyaamtaa| avaguNThanaM zirogAtravaraNam / bahuvacanAccharIrAsaMskAra-gauravaparihAravastramAlinyAdyaizcAnubhAvairabhinetavyamiti // [36] 141 // (25) atha brIDA[sUtra 207]-vrIDA'nutApa-gurvAderadhASTarya gAtragopakam / akRtyakaraNAdanu pazcAt tApo mAnaso vivekaH / gururmAtApitrAdiH / zrAdizabdAt pratijJAtAnirvahaNa-guruvyatikrama-avajJAna-asaMmtavAdervibhAvasya grahaH / adhATa thamavaiyAtyam / gAtragopanenopalakSaNAd adhomukhacintana-nakhanistodana-bhUvilekhanavastrAMgulIyasparzanAderanubhAvasya graha iti // (26) atha trAsaH[sUtra 208]-ghorAccakitatA trAsaH kAya-saGkoca-kampitaH / // [40] 142 // _ 'ghoraM' bhISaNaM nirghAtAzanipAta-mahAbhairavanAda-mahAraudrasattva-zavadarzanAdi / 'cakitatA' udvegakArI camatkAraH / anarthasambhAvanAtaH sattvabhrazo bhymitynyorbhedH| bahuvacanAt stambha-romAJca- mUrchA-gadgadvacanAdibhizcAyamanubhAvairabhinIyate iti // // [40] 142 // mApattise arthAt durgati yA apamAna mAdike kAraNa, apane manakI nIcatA arthAt vikalatA / kRSNatA arthAt mukhakA kAlA par3a jAnA / avaguNThana arthAt sira aura zarIrakA Dhaka lenA / bahuvacanase zarIrakA [zuddhi prAvi rUpa] saMskArakA prabhAva, gauravako bhulA denA aura vastroMko malinatA prAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA usakA abhinaya hotA hai // [36] 141 // (25) aba voDA [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 207] -pazcAttApa athavA mAtA-pitA prAdi gurujanoM [ko upasthiti ke kAraNa pRSTatAkA na karanA 'vIDA' kahalAtI hai aura usase mukha zarIrAdiko chipAtA hai| manucita kAryake karaneke kAraNa bAdako honevAlA tApa arthAt mAnasazAna [anutApa kahalAtA hai] / mAtA-pitA Adi guru haiN| prAdi zabdase pratijJAko pUrA na kara sakane, puruSoM kI maryAdAkA ullaMghana, apamAna aura aparicaya prAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / apASTarya arthAt uddaNDatAkA prabhAva / gAtragopanake upalakSaraNa honese, usase sira jhukAkara socane, nAkhUna cabAne, bhUmi kuredane, kapar3e yA aMgUTho prAdike chUne prAdi anubhAvoMkA paharaNa hotA hai / . (26) aba trAsa [kA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [sUtra 208]- bhayaMkara vastuko dekhakara cakita ho jAnA 'trAsa' kahalAtA hai / zarIra ke sikor3ane aura kAMpaneke dvArA [usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai] [40] 142 // bhayaMkara garjana, bijalI giranA, mahAbhayaMkara zabda, atyanta bhISaNa prAraNIkA darzana mAdi 'ghora' padase lie jAte haiM / bhayako utpanna karanevAlA pAzcarya cakitatA' kahalAtA hai| [usa ghora darzanAdise trAsa hotA hai| aura anarthakI honekI sambhAvanAse mAnasika balakA nAza 'bhaya' hotA hai / yaha bhaya aura trAsakA bheda hai| bahavacanase stambha, romAMca, mA ,
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________________ 344 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 143, sU0 206-211 (27) atha tarka: [sUtra 206]-ekasambhAvanaM tarko vAdAderaGganartakaH / 'vAdo' vipratipattistasmAt / AdigrahaNAt sandehabAdhakabalodbhUtapakSAntarAbhAvajJAnavizeSa-pratItyabhilASAdervibhAvAd yadyekasya pakSasya sambhAvanaM bhavitavyamaneneti pratyayaH sa tarkaH / aGgasya bhra-ziro'Gga lyAdernartaka iti / (28) atha garvaH[sUtra 210]-AtmanyAdhikyadhIrvo vidyAderanyarIDhayA // // [41] 143 // 'AdhikyadhIH' parajugupsAkrAntaH svasmina bahumAnaH / zrAdizabdAjjAti-kulalAbha-buddhi-vAllabhya-yauvanaizvaryAdevibhAvasya grahaH / 'rIDhA' avajJA / tayA / upalakSaNAta pAruSya-asUyA-AdharSaNa-anuttaradAna - aGgAvalokana- upahasana - alaGkAravyatyAsAdibhizcAnubhAvairabhinetavya iti // [41] 143 / / (26) athautsukyama[sUtra 211]-iSTAbhimukhyamautsukyaM smaraNAdyAt tvarAdibhiH / gadgadavacana bhAdike dvArA bhI isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [40]142 // (27) aba takaM | vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaNa karate haiM] - [sUtra 206]-vAda Adike dvArA eka pakSako sambhAvanA 'tarka' kahalAtA hai / usase aMgoMkA nacAnA [rUpa anubhAva utpanna hotA hai / vAda arthAt matabheda [vipratipatti] / usase [tarka hotA hai / prAdi zabdase sandehake nivAraka [prabala pramANa] ke balase utpanna dUsare pakSake prabhAvakA jJAna aura vizeSa pratItiko icchA prAdi vibhAvoMse jo kisI eka pakSako sambhAvanA, arthAt yaha bAta aisI honI cAhie isa prakArako pratIti, vahI 'taka' kahalAtA hai / aMga arthAt bhauMha, sira yA aMguli prAdikA navAne vAlA hotA hai| (28) aba garva [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 210]--vidyA prAdike kAraNa anyoMko avajJA karake apaneko bar3A samajhanA 'ga' kahalAtA hai| [41] 143 / / 'prAdhikyadhI:' arthAt [anyake prati ghRNAke sahita apane pApako bar3A samajhanA / [vidyAdeH meM prayukta prAdizabdase jAti, kula, lAbha, vRddhi, [kisIko] vallabhatA, yauvana, aizvarya prAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / 'roDhA' arthAt pravajJA / usase upalakSaNa dvArA pAruSya, asUyA, roba jamAne [dharSaNa] uttara na dene, apane] aMgoMkA dekhane, dUsarekA upahAsa karane aura alaMkAroMkA bhinna sthAnoMpara prayoga karane prAdi anubhAvoke dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [2] 143 // (26) protsukya [kA lakSaNa karate haiM]- [sUtra 211] - [iSTake] smaraNa prAdike kAraNa iSTake prati zIghratA prAdise prabhimukha pravRtta honA 'motsukya' kahalAtA hai|
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________________ kA0 145, sU0 212-13 ] tRtIyo viveka: [ 345. zrabhimukhyamautsukyam / smaraNamiSTasya / AdyazabdAnmanojJadidRkSA abhiSvaGgalobhAdervibhAvasya grahaH / tvarA mano-vAk- kAyadRSTi - cApalam / zrAdizabdAt kRtyavismaraNa- dIrghaniHzvAsa-asambaddhavacana- sveda- hattApAderanubhAvasya graha iti / (30) athAvahitthA - [ sUtra 212] - dhASTaryAdavikribArodho'vahitthAstra kriyAntaram // / / [42] 144 / / 'ghASTrIya " prAgalbhyam | AdizabdAd bhaya lajjA-gaurava- kuTilAzayatvA devibhAvasya grahaH / sarvAnugatatvakhyApanArthaM ghASTryaM prathamamupAttam / sabhayAdirapi pragalbho na zaknotyAkAraM saMvatum / 'vikriyA' bhrUvikAra mukharAgAdikA, tasyA rodhaH saMvaraNam / rovakArakatvenopacArAccittavizeSo'pi rodhaH / na bahiHsthA cittavRttiriti pRSodarAditvAd avahitthA' / atrAvahitthAyAM prastutakriyAto'nyakathanAvalokanakathAmaGgakRtakasthairyAdikaM kriyAntaramiti / [42] 144 // (31) atha jADyama [ sUtra 213 ] -- jADyamiSTAditaH kAryAjJAnaM maunAnimeSaNaiH / zrAbhimukhya zrautsukya kahalAtA hai| smaraNa iSTakA [ zrabhipreta hai / 'smaraNAdyAt' meM ] 'cAya' zabdase sundara vastuke dekhanekI icchA, prema aura lobhAdi vibhAvoM [kAraNoM] kA graharaNa hotA hai / varAkA abhiprAya mana, vANI tathA zarIra aura dRSTiko capalatA hai| Adi zabdase kAmako bhUla jAne, lambI zvAsa chor3ane, asambaddha bAta karane, sveda, aura hRdayakI jalana dhAdi anubhAvoMkA graharaNa hotA hai (30) va zravahityA [kA lakSaNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 212] - dhRSTatA prAdise utpanna vikArako chipAnekA yatna 'zravahitthA' kahalAtA hai / isameM [ prAkAra - vikRtiko chipAneke lie] dUsarI kriyA kI jAtI hai / [42] 144 / dhRSTatA arthAt pragalbhatA prAdi zabda se bhaya, lajjA, gaurava, duSTAbhiprAya Adi kAraNoM [ vibhAvoM] kA grahaNa hotA hai / [zrAyake] sabameM anusyUta honeke kAraNa sabase pahale dhRSTatA kA grahaNa kiyA hai / sabhaya Adi vyakti bhI yadi pragalbha na ho to prAkArako chipAne meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / vikriyA arthAt bhauMhoMkA Ter3hA honA yA sukhakA lAla prAdi ho jAnA prAdi, usakA rodha arthAt chipAnA / [bAhya vikArako ] chipAnekA kAraNa honese usa prabhiprAyakI cittavRtti- vizeSako bhI 'rodha' kaha sakate haiN| bAhara prakAzita na hone vAlI citavRti 'na bahirathA' honese 'pravahitthA' kahalAtI hai [ yaha avahitthA padakA nirvacana hai] 'darAdigaNa' paThita niyamase isakI siddhi hotI hai / isameM arthAt pravahitthA meM prastuta kriyAse bhinna kathana, avalokana, bAta samApta kara denA, banAvaTI sthiratA dikhalAnA yAdi dUsarI kriyAe~ kI jAtI haiM / / [42] 144 // [kA lakSaNa karate haiM ] (11) aba [ sUtra 213] - iSTa dise [arthAt iSTaprAptiko prasannatA me ] kAmako bhUla jAnA 'jAnA' kahalAtA hai / mauna aura TakaTakI lagAkara dekhaneke dvArA [usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai] + 1
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________________ 346 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 146, sU0 213-14 'iSTa' priyaM, tamya darzana-zravaNe apiisstte| AdizabdAdaniSTadarzana-zravaNa-vyAdhyAdevibhAvasya grahaH / kAryAjJAnaM netrAbhyAM pazyato'pi zrotrAbhyAM zRNvato'pi cedAnI kiM kRtymitynishcyH| nedaM vaikalya-acaitanyasvabhAvamityapasmAra-mohAbhyAM bhinnam / 'mauna' tUSNImbhAvaH / 'animeSaNaM' animeSanirIkSaNam / bahuvacanAt prvshtvaadibhirnubhaavairbhinetvymiti| (32) athAlasyam[sUtra 214]-karmAnutsAha AlasyaM zramAdyAjjRmbhitAdibhiH // [43] 145 // zrAdizabdAt sauhitya-svabhAva-vyAdhi-garbhAdibhirvibhAvaiH strI-nIcAnAmanudyamarUpamAlasyaM bhavati / zramasya vyabhicAritve'pi anyavyabhicAriNaM prati vibhAvatve na doSaH / vyabhicAritA tu parasparaM vyabhicAriNAM sthAyitvaprasaGgAd duSTaiva / evaM vyabhicAriNAm anubhAvatvamapi bhavatyeva / jRmbhitena, AdizabdAd AsitenAhAravarjitapuruSArthAnArambhAdibhizcAnubhAvaistadabhinetavyam / alaso'pi hyavazyamAhAraM karotyeveti // [43] 145 // ___ iSTa prarthAt priya, usakA darzana aura zravaNa bhI iSTa [padase abhipreta hai| Adi sambase aniSTake varzana, zravaNa, vyAdhi prAdi kAraNoM [vibhAvoM] kA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| kArya kA mAna na honA arthAta prAMkhoMse dekhate hue aura kAnoMse sunate rahanepara bhI, aba kyA karanA cAhie isakA nizcaya na kara sakanA / yaha [jADya] na vikalatA rUpa hai aura na pracaitanya rUpa isalie [vaikalya rUpa] apasmAra tathA [acaMtanya rUpa] moha donoMse bhinna hai| mauna arthAt cupa rahanA / animeSaraNa arthAt TakaTakI lagAkara dekhanA / bahuvacanase paravazatA prAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| (32) praba prAlasya [vyabhicAribhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM]-- [satra 214]--zrama prAvike kAraNa kAryameM utsAhakA na honA 'pAlasya' kahalAtA hai| jambhAI Adike dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai / [43] 145 // [jambhitAdibhi: meM prayukta zrAdi zabdase peTa bharA honA, [pAlasyakA] svabhAva, roga, yA garbha prAdi kAraNoMse strI aura nIcoMko udyamahInatA pAlasya kahalAtA hai| zramake dhyabhicAribhAva honepara bhI dUsare vyabhicAribhAvake prati vibhAva [kAraNa] hone meM koI doSa nahIM hai| vyabhicAribhAvoMkI paraspara vyabhicAritA [unameMse ekake] sthAyibhAva bana jAneke kAraNa dUSita ho hai| [arthAt vyabhicAribhAva to kisI sthAyibhAvakA hI hotA hai| yadi eka vyabhicAribhAvako dUsarekA vyabhicAribhAva mAnA jAya to pahalA vyabhicArI, vyabhicAribhAva nahIM apitu sthAyibhAva ho jaaygaa| isalie kisI vyabhicAribhAvako dUsare bhyabhicArIkA vyabhicAribhAva nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| hAM unako vibhAva aura anubhAva mAnA jA sakatA hai] isI prakAra vyabhicAribhAva anubhAva bhI ho sakate haiN| z2ambhita sabase praura mAvi zabdase baiThe-baiThe khAneke atirikta koI kAma na karane prAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA.usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| prAlasI bhI bhojana to avazya hI karatA hai isalie khAmeko chor3akara anya koI kAma na karanA prAlasya kahalAtA hai / [43] 145 / /
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________________ kA0 147, sU0 215-16 ] tRtIyoM vivekaH / 347 atha vibodhaH[sUtra 215] -nidrAcchedo vibodhazca zabdAderaGgabhaGgavAn / AdizabdAt sparza-svapnAnta-AhArapariNAmAdevibhAvasya grhH| upalakSaNAt jRmbhA-akSivimardana-zayanamokSaNa-bhujAkSepa-aMgulitroTanAdiranabhAvo draSTavyaH / paryante cakAraH sarvavyabhicArisamuccayArthaH iti / athaiSAM rasAdInAM madhye keSAMcit parasparaM kAryakAraNatAMmAha[sUtra 216] -keSAJcit tu rasAdInAmanyonyaM hetukAryatA / / [44] 146 // AdizabdAd vyabhicAriNAm / yathA vIrAdadbhutaH / mahApuruSotsAho hi jagadvismayaM phalaM saakssaadnusndhtte| tathA draupadIsvayamvarAdau viiraacchRnggaaro'pi| raudrAca vadha-bandhAdiphalAnantaraM krunn-bhyaanko| tathA sarvarasebhyo'nantaraM sarve sajAtIyA rasA bhavanti / yathA zRGgAriNaM dRSTa vA zRGgAraH, hasantaM dRSTvA hAsyaH / ityevaM sarvaraseSu hetu-phalabhAvo vaacyH| sarvarasAnAM cAbhAsA anaucityapravRttatvAt hAsyarasasya kAra (33) aba vibodha [kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 215]-zabda Adike kAraNa hone vAlA nidrAbhaGga vibodha' kahalAtA hai aura usameM aMgar3AI Adi [manabhAva hote haiN| . prAdi zambase chUne, svapnakI samApti, bhojanakA paripAka ho cukane prAvi [vibhAgoM] kAraNoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| [aMgabhaMgavAn padake upalakSaNa rUpa honese jambhAI, mAla malanA phira so jAne, khATa parase uTha baiThane. hAtha phailAne, aMguliyAM caTakAne Adi anubhAvoMko samajhanA caahie| [vibodhake varNanake sAtha vyabhicAribhAvoMkA varNana samApta hotA hai| isalie 'vibodhazca' isa padameM pAyA humA] aMtameM prayukta cakAra vyabhicAritvake samukhyakelie hai| [arthAt yahAM taka sAre vyabhicAribhAvoMkA varNana samApta ho gayA isa bAtakA sUcaka hai] / ___aba ina rasAvimeMse kinhIMke paraspara eka-dUsareke prati kArya-kAraNabhAvakA kathana karate haiM [sUtra,216]--rasAdikoMmeMse kinhIMkA paraspara eka-dUsareke prati kArya-kAraNabhAva hotA hai / [44] 146 // Adi zabdase vyabhicAriyoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| [rasoMke paraspara kArya-kAraNabhAvakA udAharaNa dete haiM] jaise vIrarasase adbhuta rasa [utpanna hotA hai] / mahApuruSoMkA utsAha [jo vIrarasakA sthAyibhAva hotA hai] sAkSAt rUpase jagatke vismaya rUpa phalako [arthAt adbhuta rasake sthAyibhAvako] utpanna karatA hai| aura draupadI svayamvarAdimeM [arjunake parAkramako dekhakara draupadIke manameM] vIrarasase zRGgArarasakI bhI utpatti hotI hai| aura raudrarasase usake vaSa yA anSa rUpa phaloMko dekhakara karuNa tathA bhayAnaka rasoMkI utpatti hotI hai / isI prakAra saba rasoMse unake gava honevAle sajAtIya rasa utpanna hote haiN| jaise zRGgArayuktako dekhakara [dUsaremeM] bhRGgAra, haMsate hueko dekhakara [dUsaremeM] hAsya [utpanna hotA hai / isa prakAra sAre rasoMmeM kArya-kAraNabhAva samajhanA caahie| [ anaucityase pravRtta honevAle rasa, rasAbhAsa
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________________ 348 ] nATyadaparaNam [ kA0 148, sU0 217 gam / rAvaNasya viSayapravRttatvAt zRGgArAbhAsaH satAM hAsyamupajanayati / hAsyAbhA sAdapi hAsyo bhavati yathA lokottarANi caritAni na loka eSaH sammanyate yadi kimaGga badAma nAma ? yat tvatra hAsamukharatvamamuSya tena, pArzvopapIDamiha ko na vijAhasIti // vyabhicAriNAmapi utpAdyotpAdakabhAvo yathA vyAdhernirvedaH, cintAvivodhAbhyAM smRtiH, zramAdAlasyamityAdi / vyabhicAryAbhAsAdapyanaucityapravRttatvAd hAsyo bhavatIti / / [44] 146 // atha rasAnAM sthAyinAM vyabhicAriNAmanubhAvAnAM ca kArya bhUtAnanubhAvAna prati pAdayati [ sUtra 217 ] - vepathuH-stambha - romAJcAH svarabhedo'bha -mUrcchanam / svedo vaivarNyamityAdyA zranubhAvA rasAvijA: // [ 45] 147 ] AdyazabdAt prasAda ucchvAsa- niHzvAsa- krandana- paridevita ullukasana bhUmivilekhana-vivartana-udvartana-nakhanistodana bhrukuTi-kaTAkSa- tiryagadhomukhanirIkSaraNa - prazaMsanahasana-dAna-cATukAra AsyarAgAdayaH / kvacit sthAyino vyabhicAriNazca / yathAyogaM rasAnAM sthAyinAM vyabhicAriNAnubhAvAnAM ca sahasrasaMkhyA anubhAvA iti / / [45] 147 // kahalAte haiM] anaucityase pravRtta honeke kAraraNa sAre rasoMke rasAbhAsa hAsyarasake kAraNa hote haiN| jaise rAjaraNakA [ sItAke ananurakta hone ke kAraNa ] praviSaya meM pravRtta zRGgArAbhAsa, sahRdayoMke bhItara hAsya utpanna karatA hai / [ anya rasAbhAsoMse ho nahIM apitu ] hAsyAbhAsa se bhI hAsyarasa utpanna hotA hai / jaise [rAvAke] lokottara caritroMko yadi yaha loka ucita nahIM samajhatA hai to hama kyA kaha sakate haiM / kintu [anucita karma karake bhI bezarmokI taraha ] jo vaha aTTahAsa karatA huA ha~satA hai usako dekhakara aisA kauna hai jo kokha pakar3akara nahIM ha~satA hai / [ha~sate-ha~sate kisa kI kokhoMmeM darda nahIM hone lagatA hai ] / vyabhicAribhAvoMmeM bhI paraspara utpAdya utpAdakabhAva hotA hai / jaise vyAdhile niveda utpanna hotA hai| cintA tathA vibodhase smRti, aura zramase prAlasya utpanna hotA hai / anaucitya se pravRtta honevAle vyabhicAribhAvasebhI hAsyarasakI utpatti hotI hai // [ 44] 146 // e rasoMke, sthAyibhAvoM aura vyabhicAribhAvoMke | tInoMke | kAryabhUta pratipAdana karate haiM - / sUtra 217 ] -kampa, stambha, romAJca, svarabheva, prAMta mUrkhA, sveTa ityAdi rasAvise utpanna honevAle anubhAva hote haiM / / 45] 147 / prA zabda se prasannatA, ucchvAsa, nizvAsa, ronA-billAnA, ullusAsana ] nocanA, bhUmi lodanA loTanA-poTanA, nAkhUna cabAnA, akuTi kaTAkSa, idhara-udhara kara er, air karanA, ha~sanA, dAna, cApalUsI prora mukhakA lAla par3a jAnA cAdi [ bhA bhI hote haiN| kahIM sthAvibhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAva bhI [bhASa ho sakate haiM]
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________________ kA0 148, sU0 218-20 ] tRtIyo vivekaH atha te pratyekazo lakSyante / tatra ( 2 ) vepathuH - [ sUtra 218 ] - bhayAdervepathurgAtraspando vAgAdivikriyaH / AdizabdAda roga-harSa-zIta- roSa-priyasparzAdevibhAvasya grahaH / spandaH kinicacalanam / vAgAderAdizabdAda gati ceSTAdevikriyA yasmAt / ityanubhAvakathanam // (2) atha stambha: -- [ sUtra 216 ] -- yatne'pyaGgAkriyA stambho harSAdiH, hA ! viSAdavAt // // [ 46] 148 // hasta pAdAdInAmantaH parispande'pya kriyA calanAbhAvaH stambhaH / zrAdizabdAd vismaya-bhaya-mada-rogAdervibhAvasya graha iti || [ 46] 148 // (3) zratha romAJcaH [ sUtra 220 ] - romAJcaH priyadRSTacAdeH rogaharSo'GgamArjanaiH / dizabdAda vyAdhi-zIta-krodha- sparzAdevibhAvasya grahaH / bahuvacanAdaGgamedurapramukha netravikAsa-dantavINAvAdanAdibhirabhinetavyaH // rasoMke sthAyibhAva tathA vyabhicAribhAvoMke aura anubhAvoMke bhI yathAyogya sahasroM pranubhAva ho sakate haiM / / [45] 147 // (1) zrava una anubhAvoM meM pratyekakA alaga-alaga lakSaNa karate haiM / unameM sabase pahale vepathuH [kA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 218] - 1 - bhaya zrAdike kAraNa zarIrakA kiDicat vicalita ho jAnA 'vepathu' kahalAtA hai aura usase vAraNI zrAdimeM vikAra yA jAtA hai / [ 346 Adi zabdase roga, harSa, zIta, krodha, priyake sparza zrAdi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / spanda arthAt tanikasA hila jaanaa| 'vAgAde:' isameM Adi zabda se gati aura ceSTA zrAdimeM jisase vikAra zrA jAtA hai / yaha [ vepathuH ] granubhAvakA kathana kiyA hai / (2) stambha [ kA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] [sUtra 219] - harSa prAdike kAraNa yatna karanepara bhI broMkI kriyAkA na honA 'rambha' kahalAtA hai / aura usameM 'hAya' Adi zabdoMse viSAda prakaTa hotA hai| [46 ] 1480 aGgakA zrarthAda hAtha-paira zrAdike bhItara gati honepara bhI bAhara unakA na cala sakanA stambha kahalAtA hai / prAdi zabdase vismaya, bhaya, mada aura rogAvi [ zranya kAraNoM] vibhASoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / [46 ] 148 // (3) zratra romAJca [kA lakSaNa karate haiM ] [sUtra 220] - priyake dekhane zrAdise utpanna honevAlA romaharSa 'romA' kahalAtA hai / praGga sahalAne ke dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| zrAdi zabda se vyAdhi, zIta, krodha, sparza Adi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| bahuvacana se Ggake phUla jAne, prAMyoMke khila jAne aura dantavIragAke bajAne Adi anubhAvadvArA usakA abhinaya karanA cAhie /
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________________ 350 ] (4) atha svarabheda:[ sUtra 221 ] svaramedaH svarAnyatvaM madAderharSa - hAsyakRt // nATyadarpa [ kA0 150 sU0 221-23 anyatvamupacayApacayAbhyAM bhedaH / zrAdizabdAd bhaya-jarA-harSa-krodha-rAgaraukSyAdervibhAvasya grahaH / upalakSaNAd brIDA-nirvedAdayo'pyanubhAvA draSTavyA iti / // [ 47 ] 146 // // [ 47 ] 146 // (5) athAzru -- [ sUtra 222 ] - azru netrAmbu zokAdyairnAsAspandAkSirUkSaNaiH / AdyazabdAdanimeSaprekSaraNa - Ananda zramarSa dhUma -aJjana- jRmbharaNa-bhaya- pIDA- hAsyAdervibhAvasya grahaH / nAsAyAH spandaH zleSmasravaNama / bahuvacanAnniSThIvana-gadgadasvarAderanubhAvasya graha iti // (6) atha mUrcchanam - [ sUtra 223] mUrcchanaM ghAta kopAdyaiH khaglAnibhUmipAtakRt // / / [48] 150 // AdyazabdAd madAdervibhAvasya grahaH / khaglA nirindriyANAmabhibhavaH / upalakSaNAt veda-zvAsAdayo'pyanubhAvA iti || [ 48] 150 // (4) aba svarabheda [ rUpa anubhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 221] - mada zrAdike kAraNa honenAlI zabdakI bhinnatA 'svarabheda' kahalAtA hai / aura vaha harSa tathA hAsyako utpanna karanevAlA hotA hai / [ 47 ] 146 / [ svarakI] anyatA zrarthAt usake tIvra yA manda ho jAnese honevAlA bheda / zrAdi zabdase bhaya, bur3hApA, harSa, krodha, rAga aura rUkSatA Adi vibhAvoMkA grahaNa hotA hai / upalakSaraNa rUpa hone se vrIDA tathA nirveda Adi anubhAva bhI samajha lene cAhie // [ 47 ] 146 // (5) aba prabhu [ rUpa anubhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 222 ] - zoka zrAdike kAraNa utpanna honevAle nayanajalakA nAma 'prabhu' hai / nathune phar3akane aura A~khoMke poMchanekedvArA [ usakA abhinaya karanA cAhie] / prAdya zabdase TakaTakI lagAkara dekhanA, zrAnanda, krodha, dhuAM, zraJjana, jambhAI, bhaya, por3A, hAsya prAvi vibhAvoMkA graharaNa hotA hai / nAkakA spandana arthAt usase zleSmAkA pravAhita honA / bahuvacanase thUkane aura gadgada svara prAdi anubhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / (6) aba mUrcchA [ rUpa anubhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 223 ] - prahAra yA kopa zrAdike kAraNa utpanna indriyoMkI samarthatA 'mUrcchA' kahalAtI hai / aura vaha [mUrcchita vyaktiko ] bhUmipara girA dene vAlI jAtI hai / 150 // Adya zabda se mada zrAdi kAraNoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| glAni prarthAt indriyoMkA asamartha ho jAnA / upalakSaraNa honeke kAraNa sveda aura zvAsa Adi anubhAvoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / / [48 ] 150 //
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________________ kA0 151, sU0 224-26 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 351 (7) atha svedaH[sUtra 224]-svedo romajalasrAvaH zramAdeyaMjanagrahaiH / AdizabdAd bhaya-harSa-lajjAroga-tApa-graha-duHkha-dharma-vyAyAmAdevibhAvasya grahaH / bahuvacanAd vAtAbhilASa-svedApanayanAdibhirapyabhinetavya iti / (8) atha vaivarNyam[sUtra 225]-chAyAvikAro vaivarNya kSepAdevinirIkSaNaH // // [46] 152 // chAyA zobhA tasyA vikAro virUpatvam / pstirskaarH| AdizabdAt santApa-bhaya-krodha-vyAdhi-zIta-zrama-tIvrAMzukarAdervibhAvasya grhH| bahuvacanAt nakhanistodana-brIDAdibhirapyabhinetavyamiti / / [46] 151 // atha rasabhAvAnantaroddiSTasyAbhinayasyAvasaraH / sa ca vAcika-AGgika-sAttvika AhAryabhedaizcaturkI / tatra prathama vAcikaM lakSayati [sUtra 226] -vAciko'bhinayo vAcAM ythaabhaavmnukriyaa| vAganukAryA prayojana heturasyeti 'prayojanam' haima0 6-4-117] iti 'ikaNi' (7) aba sveda [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 224] -zrama mAvike kAraNa utpanna honevAlA romajalakA srAva 'sveda' kahalAtA hai| aura paMkhA hAtha meM lene Adike dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| prAdi zabdase bhaya, harSa, lajjA, roga, santApa, graha, duHkha, vyAyAma prAdi kAraNoM [vibhAvoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| bahuvacanase havAko icchA, pasInA poMchanA prAdi anubhAvoMke dvArA bhI usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| (8) praba vivarNatA rUipa anubhAvakA lakSaraNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 225]-apamAna prAdike kAraNa utpanna honevAlA mukhako kAntikA vikAra 'vaivarya' kahalAtA hai / idhara-udhara dekhane prAdike dvArA usakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| .... / [46] 151 / chAyA arthAt [mukhako] shobhaa| usakA vikAra arthAt bigar3a jaanaa| kSepa arthAt tiraskAra / prAdi zabdase samtApa, bhaya, krodha, roga, zIta, thakAvaTa aura dhUpa Adi vibhAvoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / bahuvacanase nAkhUna cabAne aura lajjA prAdike dvArA bhI isakA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai yaha sUcita kiyA hai // [46] 151 // aba rasa aura bhAvoMke manantara kahe hue abhinaya [ke nirUpaNa] kA avasara prAtA hai / vaha [abhinaya] vAcika, prAGgika, sAttvika aura prAhArya [arthAt veSa-bhUSAdi rUpa] cAra prakArako hotA hai| unameMse sabase pahale vAcika [abhinaya] kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 226] -[ vaktAke ] bhAvake anusAra [ usako ] vANIkA anukaraNa vAcika [abhinaya] kahalAtA hai| anukaraNa ko jAne vAlI vANI [kA anukaraNa] jisakA prayojana hetu hai| vaha hema 'cAhata' hema vyAkaraNake 'prayojanam' isa sUtrase 'ikaNa' pratyaya hokara 'vAcika' para bamatA
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________________ 352 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 152, su0 226 vAcikaH / sAmAjikAnAmAbhimukhyena sAkSAtkAreNa nIyate prApyate artho'neneti abhinayaH / vAcAM saMskRta-prAkRtAdInAM sArthikAnAmarthikAnAM vA / yathAbhAvaM krodha-ahaGkArajugupsA-utsAha-vismaya-hAsa-rati-bhaya-zoka - sukha-duHkha-moha-lobha-mAyA-asUyA-zaGkA''dInAM, vepathu-stambha-romAJca-mUrchA-vaivarNya-prasAdAdInAM vA bhAvAnAmanatikrameNa / tathA ca kavayaH 'sakrodhaM' 'sAvegaM' ityAdInyanukAryabhAvaprakAzakAni kriyAvizeSaNAnyupanibadhnanti / tenaikenoktamaparasya yathAbhAvaM anuvadato'nuvAda eva na vAciko'bhinaya iti / anukriyA ca vAgAdInAM tadadhyavasAyavazAt na punarvastutaH / rAmAderanukAryasya naTena prekSakairvA svayamadRSTatvAt / anukartA hyanukAryamadRSTvA nAnukatu malama / prekSako'pi cAdRSTAnukAryo nAnukaturanukartRtvamanumanyate / tadayaM naTo rAmAdezcaritaM kavinibaddhamadhItya atyantAbhyAsavazataH svayaM dRSTamanumanyamAno anukaromi ityadhyavasyati / paramArthastu lokavyavahAramevAyamanuvartate / prahRSTo'pi hi rAmeNa rudite roditi, na tu hasati / viSaNNo'pi ca hasite hasati, na tu roditiityaadi| prekSako'pi rAmAdizabdasaMketazravaNAdatihRdyasaMgItakAhitavaivazyAcca svruuphai| [prAge abhinaya zabdakA nirvacana karate haiM ] / prAbhimukhyase arthAt sAkSAtkArAtmaka rUpa se [abhinetavya artha jisake dvArA sAmAjikoMke pAsa pahu~cAyA jAtA hai vaha [abhinIyate isa nirvacanake anusAra abhinaya kahalAtA hai / vacanoMkA arthAt saMskRta athavA prAkRta bhASAmaya vacanoMkA prathavA sArthaka yA anarthaka vcnoNkaa| [vaktAke] manake anusAra 'yathAbhAvaM' arthAt krodha mahaGkAra, jugupsA, utsAha, vismaya, hAsya, rati, bhaya, zoka, sukha-duHkha, moha-lobha mAyA, asUyA, zakA prAdi [ bhAvoM ] kA, tathA kampa, stambha, romAJca, mULa, vaivarNya tathA prasannatA prAdi rUpa bhAvoMkA atikramaNa kie binA [ abhinaya karanA 'yathAbhAvamanukriyA' kahalAtI hai / isIlie kavigaNa 'sAvega' sakrodha' ityAdi anukArya bhAvake prakAzaka padoMkA prayoga karate haiN| isalie ekake dvArA kahe gaekA, dUsareke dvArA yathocita bhAvakA anukaraNa kie binA jo [anuvAda karanA] kathana karanA hai vaha kevala 'anuvAda' kahalAtA hai usako vAnika abhinaya nahIM kahA jAtA hai| kyoMki vAcika abhinayameM yathAbhAvAnukriyA bhAvoMkA anukaraNa prAvazyaka hai / aura vAraNI prAdikA anukaraNa [yaha rAmakA kathana hai] isa prakArake nizcayake kAraNa hotA hai vAstavika rUpameM nhiiN| kyoMki naTane athavA prekSakoMne kisIne bhI anukArya rAmAdiko svayaM nahIM dekhA hai / anukaraNa karane vAlA [naTa] anu kArya [rAmAdi] ko dekhe binA usakA anukaraNa karane meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / aura prekSaka bhI anukAryako dekhe binA anukaraNa karane vAleko anukartA nahIM mAna sakatA hai| isalie yaha naTa kavike dvArA nibaddha rAma Adike caritrako par3hakara atyanta abhyAsake dvArA svayaM dekhA jaisA mAna kara 'maiM [isa samaya usakA anukaraNa kara rahA hU~' aisA nizcaya karatA hai [isI adhyavasAyake kAraNa usake vyApArako anukaraNa kahA jAtA hai] vAstavameM to vaha [rAmake vyApAra kA nahIM apitu] loka-vyavahArakA hI anukaraNa karatA hai| kyoMki svayaM prasanna honepara bhI rAmake ronepara rotA hai ha~satA nahIM hai| aura svayaM duHkhI honepara bhI [rAma prAdike] haMsane para haMsatA hai, rotA nahIM hai| ityAdi aura prekSaka bhI [ naTake viSaya meM ] rAma prAvi zabda-saMketako samajhane tathA atyanta
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________________ kA0 152, sU0 224 ] [ 353 deza-kAlabhedenAtathAbhUteSvapyabhineyacatuSTayAcchAdanAt tathAbhUteSviva naTeSu rAmAdInadhyavasyati / ata eva tAsu tAsu sukha-duHkharUpAsu rAmAdyavasthAsu tanmayIbhavati / apare teSu tu nAmasaMketa-saMgItakAbhinayeSu rAmAdyadhyavasAyahetuSu upadezaparametaditi manyamAnA heyopAdeya-hAnopAdAnaikatAnacetaso jAyante / athavA iha tAvat itthamAkRtiH, itthaM gatiH, itthaM jalpitaM, itthaM krodhAdilAlitaM ityevamazeSamapi rAmAdilalitaM RSINAM kAladarzinA jJAnena nizcitaM kavayo nATake nibadhanti / tatra cArthe munijJAnavizvAsAnnaTasya sAkSAd darzanameva / api ca kadAcinmasadRzo vastusvarUpe bhrAmyanti na punarjJAnadRzaH / tatra munijJAnadarzitaM artha darzanAdyadhikatara mavagataM vastuta evAnukurvANo durvidagdhabuddhibhiH kathakAra pAkriyate varAko naTaH ? prekSakAraNAM tu satyasati ca svadarzane naTeSu rAmAdyavyavasAya eva / anyathA tu kRtrimametaditi jAnanto na rAmAdisukha-duHkheSu tanmayIbhaveyuH / unmiSanti ca bhrAntairapi zRGgArAdayaH / kAminI- vairi caurAdInadhisvapnamabhipazyataH puMsaH kathamaparathA rasapraroharohiNastatra stambhAdayo'nubhAvAH prAdurbhaveyuriti / tRtIyo vivekaH manohara saMgItako sunane Adike kAraraNa vivaza hokara, svarUpa deza aura kAlakA bheda honese usa prakArake [arthAt rAmAdi rUpa ] na honepara bhI [vAcika, AMgika, sAtvika tathA zrAhArya rUpa] cAroM prakArake abhinaya ke dvArA [naTake] svarUpakA zrAvararaNa kara lie jAnese usa prakAra ke [arthAt rAmAdi rUpa] bane hue, naToMmeM rAmakA nizcaya kara lete haiM / isIlie usa prakArakI sukha-duHkhamayI rAma prAviko avasthAnoM meM tanmaya- sA ho jAtA hai| dUsare loga [ yaha kahate haiM ki naTameM] rAma zrAvikA nizcaya karAne vAle nAmake saMketa saMgIta aura abhinaya prAdi hetuoMke upasthita honepara yaha [ prabhinaya prAdi saba sAmagrI manoraJjanake sAtha-sAtha kartavya ke] upaveza deneke lie hai aisA mAnakara heya tathA upAveyake parityAga athavA grahaNa meM hI tatpara ho jAte haiM / zrathavA [ tIsarA mata yaha hai ki rAma Adi ] anukArya puruSoMko isa prakArakI zrAkRti, isa prakArako gati, isa prakAra kI bAta bIta, praura isa prakArakA krodhAdiko cAratA thI / isa prakAra rAmAdike sampUrNa caritrako RSiyoMke trikAladarzI jJAnake dvArA nizcaya karake hI kavigaraNa nATakameM usakI racanA karate haiM / aura usake viSayameM munijanoMke vizvAsake kAraNa naTakA [rAma rUpameM darzana] sAkSAt [ rAmakA hI ] darzana hai / aura dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki ina carma cakSunoMse dekhane vAle loga bhrAMta ho sakate haiM kintu jJAna cakSugroMse dekhane vAle [munigaraNa bhrAMta] nahIM [ho sakate haiM] / isalie muniyoM [ke sadRza kaviyoM] ke jJAna dvArA pradarzita [prathaM] vAstavika dekhe hue se bhI adhika acchI tarahase avagata arthako vAstavika rUpameM anukararaMga karane vAle bicAre naTako alpabuddhi [yaha anukararaNa nahIM hai isa prakAra ] nirAkaraNa kaise kara sakate haiM ? prekSakoM ne [zranukAryako ] dekhA ho yA na dekhA ho kintu unako [ rAmAdikA zrabhinaya karate samaya ] naToMmeM rAma Adi [ke areer ] kA nizcaya hotA hI hai / pranyathA yaha banAvaTI [rAma] hai isa prakArakA jJAna honepara rAmAdike sukha-du:khoMmeM tanmayatAko prApta nahIM kara sakate haiM / [ isa prakAra naTameM rAmAvi buddhiko cAhe bhrama hI kyoM na mAnA jAya kintu usase sAmAjika meM zRGgArAdikI pratIti
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________________ 354 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 152, sU0 227 athAnika:[sUtra 227] -karmaNo'Gga rupAGgazca sAkSAd bhAvanamAGgikaH // // [50] 152 // karmaNo'nukArya ceSTAyA aGga : ziro-hasta-vakSaH-kaTI-pArzva-pAdAdibhiH, upAGga zca netr-bhuu-pkssm-adhr-kpol-cibukaadibhiH| sAkSAd bhAvanaM parokSasyApi sAmAjikebhya: sAkSAdiva krnnmaanggikH| aGgAni prayojana hetavo yasyetyAGgikaH / 'yathAbhAvaM' iti, atrApi smaryate / tena rAmAderanukAryasya ye krodha-utsAha-Avega-vaimanasyaharSa-vaivarNya-zrAsyarAga-bhra kuTyAdayazceSTAvimizrA bhAvAH, tairanasyUtasya karmaNaH sAkSAdiva bhAvanaM na tu kevalasyeti / ttrottmaanggsyaakmpit-kmpitaadystryodsh| hotI hI hai| kyoMki] bhrAMtise bhI bhRGgArAdikI utpatti ho sakatI hai| anyathA svapnameM kAminI, vairI cora prAdiko dekhane vAloMke bhItara rasake carama sImApara pahuMca jAnepara [rasoMke anukUla] stambhAdi anubhAva kaise hote haiM ? praba prAMgika [abhinayakA varNana karate haiM]-- [sUtra 227] -aMgoM aura upAGgoMke dvArA kAryokA sAkSAtkAra karAnA AMgika [abhinaya kahalAtA hai / [50] 152 / kAryokA arthAt anukArya [rAmAdi] kI ceSTAkA / aMgoMke dvArA arthAt sira hAtha yAtI kamara pAva aura paira Adi rUpa [mukhya aMgoM] ke dvaaraa| aura upAMgoM prarthAt netra bhauMha, palaka, adhara, kapola, Thor3I prAdi [gauNa] upAMgoke dvaaraa| sAkSAt bhAvana prarthAt parokSa arthako bhI sAmAjikoMke lie sAkSAt-sA banA denaa| prAMgika [abhinaya kArya] hai| aGga jisakA prayojana arthAt hetu hai vaha prAGgika hai [yaha AGgika sabdakA nivarcana humA] / isa kArikAke pUrvAddha meM paThita 'yathAbhAvanukriyA meMse] 'yathAbhAvaM' yaha bhAga yahA~ [prAGgikake lakSaNameM] bhI saMgata hotA hai| isalie rAmAdi anukAryake jo koSa, utsAha, Avega, vaimanasya, harSa, vaivarNya, mukharAga aura bhra kuTi prAdise yukta ceSTAvimizrita bhAva haiM unase samanvita kAryokA sA sAkSAtkaraNa honA Avazyaka hai], kevala [bhAvAnukaraNa rahita karma] kA nhiiN| isa prakAra prAGgika abhinayakA lakSaNa karaneke bAda aba graMthakAra bharata munike nATya zAstrake prAdhArapara prAGgika abhinayoMkA saMkSipta vivecana karate haiN| bharatamunike nATyazAstrake prAThaveM adhyAyameM ina prAGgika abhinayoMkA vizeSa rUpara varNana kiyA gayA hai usIkA saMketa karate hue graMthakAra prAge pratipAdana karate haiN| granthakArane yahA~ aGgoM aura upAGgoMke dvArA kie jAne vAle abhinayako prAGgika abhinaya kahA hai / bharatamunine ina aGgoM tathA upAGgoM kA vibhAjana nimna prakAra kiyA hai "tatra ziro hastoraH pAvakaTIpAdataH SaDaMgAni / netra-bhra-nAsAdhara - kapola - cibukanyupAMgAni // 8-14 // unameMse sirake kampita pAkampita prAdi teraha prakAra ke abhinaya hote haiN| ina chaH maGgoMmeMse sirake teraha prakArake abhinayoMkA saMketa yahA~ granthakArane kiyA hai|
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________________ kA0 152, sU0 227 ] tRtIyo viveka: dRSTeH kAntAbhayAnakAdayaH SaTtriMzat / dearekayoH bhramaNa-valanAdayo bahavaH kriyAbhedAH samasAcyAdayo darzana prakArAzca / akSipuyorunmeSa-nimeSAdayo bahavaH / . bhruvorutkSepa - patanAdayaH sapta / nAsikAyA natA mandAdayaH SaT / gaNDayoH tAma unakA ullekha nATyazAstra meM isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai- mukhaje'bhinaye viprA nAnAbhAvarasAzraye / zirasaH prathamaM karma gadato me nibodhata // 8- 17 // kampitaM kampitaM ca dhutaM vidhutameva ca / paravAhitamA avadhUtaM tathAMcitam // 18 // nicitaM parAvRttamutkSiptaM cApyadhogatam / lalitaM ceti vijJeyaM trayodazavidhaM ziraH // 16 // dRSTike kAntA, bhayAnakA zrAdi chattIsa prakAra hote haiM / bharatamunine dRSTi ke ina chattIsa prakAroMke nAma nimna prakAra ginAe haiMkAntA bhayAnakA hAsyA karaNA cAdbhutA tathA / raudrA vIrA ca bIbhatsA vijJeyA rasadRSTayaH // 41 // snigdhA hRSTA ca dInA ca kruddhA dIptA bhayAnvitA / jugupsitA vismitA ca sthAyibhAveSu dRSTayaH // zUnyA ca malinA caiva zrAMtA lajjAnvitA tathA / kucitA cAbhitaptA ca jihvA salalitA tathA // vitarkitArdhamukulA vizrAMtA viluptA tathA // kekarA vikozA ca trastA ca madirA tathA / triMzad dRSTyA tAstAsu nATyaM pratiSThitam // 45 // 42 // [ 355 43 // 44 // netra aura tArakoMke bhramaraNa, valana Adi bahuta se kriyAbheda hote haiM / sama aura vakra [sAcI] Adi darzanake prakAra haiM / isa sama Adi darzana prakAroMkA varNana karate hue bharatamunine likhA haipravakSyAmi prakArAn darzanasya tu / thA samaM sAcyanuvRtte ca hyAlokita - vilokite / pralokitollokite cApyavalokitameva ca / / 106 / / 8 / / [akSi ] netrapuToMke unmeSa, nimeSa prAdi bahutase bheda hote haiM / bharatamunine ina netrapuToM ke abhinaya bhedoM kA nirUpaNa nimna prakAra kiyA haitArAgato'syAnugataM puTakarma nibodhata / unmeSazca nimeSazca prasRtaM kuJcitaM samaM / vivartitaM sasphuritaM pihitaM savitADitam // bhauMhoM ko uThAnA - girAnA prAvi sAta [prabhinaya prakAra hote haiM] / nAsikAke natA, mandA Adi chaH / Thor3Ike kuTTana, khaNDana bhAdi bahutase [ abhinaya prakAra hote haiM] / gAloMke
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________________ 356 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 152, su0 227 phullAdayaH SaT | adharasya vivartana kampAdayaH SaT / cibukasya kuTTana - khaNDanAdayo bahuSaH / grIvAyAH samA natAdayo nava / hastayoH patAka-vipatAkAdayazcatuHSaSTiH / vakSasa bhugna-nirbhugnAdayaH paca / pArzvayornata-samunnatAdayaH paJca / udarasya zAma khalla - pUrNalakSaNAstrayaH / kaTadhArinnAnivRttAdayaH paJca / UrvoH kampana - valanAdayaH paca / jaGghayorAvartita - natAdayaH paca / pAdayorudghaTita samAdayaH SaT / tathaikapAdapracArarUpAH samapAdA-sthitAvartikAdayo bhaumyaH SoDaza / atikrAMta apakrAMtAdayaH SoDaza kAzikyazca 'cAryaH / sthirahasta-paryastukAdayo aGgahArA dvAtriMzat / pivaka jAnA, yA phUla jAnA prAvi chaH, pradhara ke phar3akanA, kA~panA Adi chaH, Thor3Ike kucha, khaNDana prAvi bahutase [abhinaya prakAra hote haiM] / gardana ke sabhA, natA zrAdi nau, hAthoMke patAkA, tripatAkAdi 64 prakAra hote haiM / chAtIke prAbhugna, nirbhugna Adi pA~ca, pAvake nata, samunnata mAdi pA~ca, udarake durbala, khAlI aura bharA prAvi tIna kamarake chinna anivRtta Adi pAMca, jAMghoM ke kampana, lapeTanA prAvi pA~ca, jaMdhAnoMke Avartita nata zrAdi pA~ca [abhinaya prakAra hote haiM] / pairoMke udghaTita, sama Adi chaH [prabhinaya prakAra hote haiM ] / aura eka pairase calane rUpa samapAda, sthita, prAvartita prAdi solaha prakArako bhUmipara kI jAne vAlI 'cArI' tathA pratikrAMta apakrAnta prAdi solaha prakArako AkAzIya 'cArI' evaM sthira hasta paryastaka Adi battIsa prakArake aGgahAra [ ye saba prAGgika abhinayake antargata prAte haiM] / isameM granthakArane jina 'cArI', 'aGgahAra' mAdi prAGgika abhinaya bhedoMkA ullekha kiyA hai unakA varNana nATyazAstra ke dazama adhyAyameM vistArapUrvaka diyA gayA hai| usameM 'bArI' kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai eka pAdapracAro yaH sA cArItyabhisaMjJitA / dvipAdakramaNaM yattu karaNaM nAma tadbhavet // 12-3 // arthAt eka parakedvArA calanekA nAma 'cArI' zrora donoM pairoMse parikramaraNa karaneko 'karaNa' kahate haiM / nATaka meM 'cArI' ke mahattvakA pradarzana karate hue bharatamunine likhA haicArIbhiH prasRtaM nRttaM cArIbhizceSTitaM tathA / cArIbhiH zastramokSazca cAryo yuddhe ca kIrtitAH // 5 // yadetat prastutaM nATyaM taccArISveva saMsthitam / na hi cAryA binA kiMcinnATya 'Gga sampravartate // 6 // nATyameM cArIke mahattvakA pratipAdana karaneke bAda bharatamunine prAga solaha prakArako bhaumI aura solaha prakArakI prakAzikI cAriyoMke nAma ginAkara unake lakSaNa vistArapUrvaka dikhalAe haiM / ina sabako dekhanA cAheM to nATyazAstra ke dazama adhyAya meM dekhanA cAhie / yahA~ granthakArane unake nAmoMkA saMketamAtra kiyA hai| ve nAma nimna prakAra ginAe gae haiMsamapAdA sthitAad zakaTAkhyA tathaiva ca / adhyadhikA cASagatirvicyavA ca tathA parA // 8 // eDakAkrIDitA baddhA uruvRttA tathAMkitA / utspanditAtha janitA syanditA cApasyanditA // 6 //
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________________ kA0 152, sU0 227 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 357 talapuSpa puravartitAdIni karaNAnyaSTottara zatamityAdiH sarvo'pi ceSTAviSayo aGgopAGgaprabhavatvAd-AGgika evAbhinayaH / 1 gatayo'pyevam / tatrottama -madhyama-nIcAnAM krameNa dhIrA madhyamA drutA ca sAmAnyena gatiH / vizeSastu bRddha-vyAdhita-kSadhita-zrAMta-tapaH klAMta-tumita- sAvahityazoka-zRGgArAnvita- svacchandAdInAM mantharA / harSa- Avega - kutUhala-bhaya-prautsukyAdimatAM tvaritA / pracchannakAmuka - vairi-caura-raudrasatvAdizaGkitAdInAM niHzabdapadasanArA unmArgA digavalokanavatI ca / zIta-varSArditayoH kampamAnA sampIDitAGgA / dharmArtasya svedApanayanA chAyAvalokanavatI / prahArArta-sthUlayoraGgAkarSaNa- zvAsavatI sthirA ca / yatinAM netracApalya-purato yugamAtranirIkSaNavatI / unmatta mattayorvighUrNitanetrA skhalitA samotsAritamatallI matallI ceti SoDaza / 1 etA bhaumyaH smRtAzcAryaH zRNutAkAzikIH punaH // 10 // ina solaha maumI cAriyoMke nAma ginAneke bAda bharatamunine solaha prakArakI grAkAzikI cAriyoMke nAma die haiM jo nimna prakAra haiM zratikrAMtA pakrAMtA pArzvakrAMtA tathaiva ca / UrdhvajAnuzca sUcI ca tathA nRpurapAdikA // / 11 // DolApAdA tathAkSiptA zraviddhovRttasaMjJite / vidyudbhrAMtA hyalAtA ca bhujaMgatrAsitA tathA // 12 // mRgaplutA ca daNDA ca bhramarI ceti SoDaza / kAzikyaH smRtA hotA lakSaNaM ca nibodhata // 13 // talapuSpa puTatatA prAMdi eka sau mATha prakArake karaNa hote haiM [ dvipAdakamalaM yattu karaNaM nAma tadbhavet ] isa prakAra ceSTAkA sArA hI viSaya maMgoM aura upAMgoMke dvArA hone vAlA honeke kAraNa prAMgika abhinaya kahalAtA hai / isI prakAra gatiyAM bhI [dyAMgika abhinayake bhItara hI prAtI haiN| bharatamunine bArahaveM adhyAyameM gatipracArakA vistAra pUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| usake AdhArapara gatiyoMkA saMkSipta vivaraNa graMthakAra yahA~ prastuta kara rahe haiN]| unameMse uttama, madhyama tathA prathama pAtroMkI sAdhAraNataH kramazaH dhIrA, madhyamA tathA dRtA gati hotI hai / vizeSa rUpase rogI, vRddha, bhUkhe, thake hue, tabase kSINa hue, kSubhita, prAkAra-gopana meM lage hue [sAvahittha] zokayukta yA mha yukta aura svacchandAdikI gati manthara hotI hai| harSa, prAvega, kautUhala, bhaya, cautsukya prAvi yukta vyaktiyoMkI gati teja [svaritA] hotI hai / pracchanna- kAmuka, vaMrI, cora aura bhayAnaka prANiyoMse Dare hue Adi vyaktiyoMkI dhIre-dhIre, prAvAja na hone pAve isa prakAra paira rakhate hue, rAstA chor3akara aura cAroM prora dekhate hue calanevAlI gati hotI hai| jAr3e tathA bali pIr3itoM kI gati kA~pate hue aura zarIrako sikor3e hue hotI hai / pasInA poMchate hue dhaura chAyAkI khoja karate hue gati hotI hai| abhiyokI apane zarIrako khIMcate hueso haoNpanese yukta prora dhUpase saMtapta vyaktikI prahArase AtaM aura moTe sthira-sI gati hotI hai / nati netroMkI capalatAse rahita aura sAmaneko ora thor3I dUra taka dekhane vAlI hotI kie hue vyaktiyoMkI gati prA~seM car3hAe hue aura lar3abar3Ate hue
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________________ 358 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 153, sU0 228 ca / vidUSakasya asmbddhkssnnvtii| jale pAdavikarSavatI, prataraNe jaThara-zaya-kAyAbAhubhyAM jalavipATanavatI ca / jalahriyamANasya visaMsthulAGga-keza-vasanavatI / andhaandhakAragatayoH prAkRSyamANamandapadA pura prasAritavilolahastA c| ArohaNe UrdhvAvalokanaparA, viparItA tvvrohnne| AkAze samAbhyAM pAdAbhyAM, vAhaneH, pakSAbhyAM vA / AkAzAnyato visaMsthulAMgakeza-aMzukA / ityAyaneko gatiprakAra iti / tathA rUpasya zirasi hastau kRtvA kiJcidAsyacAlanAnimiSakSaNAbhyAm , zabdasya zirasA pArzvanatena, sparzasya netrAkucanena, rsmaandhyoshcaikocchvaasenaabhinyH| sarvo'pi cAbhinaya iSTo, madhyo'niSTazceti triprakAraH / tatreSTaH saumukhya-pulakagAtra-netravikAsAdinA kriyate / madhyo mAdhyasthyena / aniSTaH ziraHparAvartana-netranAsAvikoNanAditi / caturvidhazcAtra mukharAgaH, prasannaH, svAbhAvikoM, raktaH, zyAmaraceti rasaucityAnatikrameNa bhavati / yadapi sarvazarIrasAdhyaM bhUpAtAdikaM tadapyAGgika eva / aGgopAGgarUpatvAccharIrasyeti // [50] 152 / / atha sAttvikaH[sUtra 228] -sAttvikaH svarabhedAderanubhAvasya darzanam / hotI hai / vidUSakako gati asambana bAtoMko dekhate hue hotI hai| pAnImeM, pairoMko ghasITate hue, terate samaya peTa, hApa, zarIra tathA bAhamoMse jalako cIrate hue, aura jala meM bahate ekI prastabhyasta hAtha-paira, keza tathA vastroMse yukta gati hotI hai| andhoM aura andhakArameM calane vAloM ko dhIre-dhIre pairoMko sacer3ate hue mora mAgekI pora phaile hue hAyako hilAte hue [gati hotI hai]. Upara car3hate samaya Uparako bhora dekhate hue aura utarate samaya usake viparIta [arthAt nIcekI pora dekhate hue gati hotI hai| prAkAzameM donoM paira ekase kie pavA bAhanoMke dvArA athavA paMkhoMke dvArA [gati hotI hai| prAkAzako chor3akara anyatra prasta-vyasta keza vastrAbise yukta aneka prakArakA gamanaviSi kahA gayA hai| paura rUpa [ke darzana] kA [abhinaya] sirake Upara hAtha rakhakara tanika sira hilAte hue TakaTakI lagAkara dekhate hue netroMse, zabda [ke bhavaraNa] kA [bhinaya] eka prorako sira jhukAkara sunanese, vizeSa prakArake sparzakA abhinaya] pAkheM banda kara lenese, aura rasa tathA gandhakA eka lambe sAMsa leneke dvArA hotA hai| sabhI abhinaya ra, madhyama tathA anita tIna prakArakA hotA hai| unameMse iSTa abhinaya manako prasannatA, zarIrake romAMca tathA meDoMki vikAsa prAvika vArA [pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai| madhya abhinaya madhmaspatAke dvArA pora aniSTa.abhinaya [kA pradarzana] muMha phera lene aura netra evaM nAkake sikor3aneke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| isa prabhinayameM prasamma, svAbhAvika rakta, lAla tathA kAlA cAra prakArakA munarAga hotA hai / jo rasake procityake anusAra hotA hai| aura SivIpara gira par3amA prAvi jo sAre bharIse sAmya vyApAra hai vaha bhI zarIrake hI pragopAMga rUpa honese mogika prabhinayake antargata hI hotA hai| [50] 152 // aba sAtvika [arthAta mAnasika abhinayakA varNana karate hai]-- . . . [Sa 228] -svaramevAdi manubhAvoMkA pravana sAvika abhinaya kahalAtA hai|
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________________ kA0 153, sU0 226 ] tRtIyo vivekaH [ 356 manaH savaM tat prayojanaM heturasyeti sAtvikaH / mano'navadhAne hi na zakyanta eva svarAdayo naTena darzayitum | AdizabdAd vepathuH stambha-romAMcamUrchana+veda-vaivarva-ana-nizAmocchavAsa santApa- zaitya - bhA-kArzya - meduratva-ullukasana- zravahitya - sAvadhAnatA-lAlA-phenamokSa-gAtrasraMsana-hikA dergrahaH / nAyamabhinayo vAcikaH zabdAnanukArAt / nApyAGgikaH aGgopAGgasAdhya spaSTaceSTAyA abhAvAditi / svarabhedAnumAnaM rasottama - madhyama adhamaprakRtyAdyaucityAnusArato draSTavyamiti // athAhArya : [ sUtra 226] - varNAdyanukriyA''hAryo bAhyavastunimittakaH // [51] 153 // varNaH zvetAdiH / AdizabdAd rasa- gandha Akalpa zrAyudha vAhana aGgAdhikyadeza -nadI- nagara - vana pakSi-dvipada-catuSpada-pada-prAsAda - parvatAdergrahaH / bAhya zarIravyatiriktaM bhasma dhAtu-jatu-rAga- haritAla- maSI mRttikA vastra-veNu - dalAdikaM nimittamasyeti / vAcikAdayastu zarIranimittA iti bhedaH / ayaM ca deza-kAla-kula-prakRti-dazA - strItva ekAgra manakA nAma satva hai / vaha satva jisakA prayojana arthAt hetu hai vaha sAttvika [prabhinaya ] hotA hai / manakI sthiratA na honepara naTa svarabhedAdikA pradarzana nahIM kara sakatA hai [ isalie svarabhedAdi zranubhAvoMkA pradarzana sAttvika abhinaya kahalAtA hai] / prAdi zabda se kampana, stambha, romAMna, mUrchA, sveda, vivaraNaMtA, prAMsU niHzvAsa, ucch vAsa, santApa, zaitya, ambhAI, kRzatA, sthUlatA, ullukasana, zrAkAragopana [ zravahitthA ] sAvadhAnatA, lAra girAnA yA phena girAnA, zarIrakA zithila kara denA aura hicako prAdikA grahaNa hotA hai / ina east yaha abhinaya zabdAnukararaNa rUpa na honese vAcika nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura aMgoM prathavA upAMgoM se sAdhya spaSTa ceSTArUpa na honese prAMgika bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| [isalie yaha tIsare prakArakA sAsvika abhinaya kahalAtA hai ] / svarabheda Adi zranubhAvoMkA pradarzana rasa tathA uttama madhyama prathama Adi prakRtiyoMke zraucitya ke anusAra kiyA jAnA cAhie / da [ veSa bhUSAdise sAdhya cauthe prakArake] grAhAyaM [ abhinayakA lakSaNa karate haiM ][ sUtra 229 ] - bAhya vastuoMoMke dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA varNa prAdikA anukaraNa hArya [abhinaya kahalAtA ] hai / [ 51] 153 / vara arthAt zvetAdi / Adi zabdase rasa, gandha, veSa [ zrAkalpa ] zastra, vAhana, aMgoMkI adhikatA, deza, nadI, nagara, vanapakSI, dvipada, catuSpada, padarahita [sarpa Adi ] prAsAda aura parvata zrAdikA grahaNa hotA hai / bAhya arthAt zarIrase bhinna bhasma dhAtu lAkha AdikA rAma, haritAla, syAhI, miTTI, vastra, bA~surI aura patrAdi jisake nimitta prarthAt prayojaka haiM [ vaha saba zrAhArya abhinaya kahalAtA hai ] / aura vAcika Adi [ pahale kahe hue tInoM prakArake abhinaya] to zarIra nimittaka hote haiM yaha [una tInoMse isa grahArya abhinaya kA ] bheva hai / deza, kAla, prakRti, dazA, strItva, puMstva, SaNDatva prAvike praucitya ke anusAra isa [pAhArya abhinaya ] ko karanA cAhie /
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________________ 360 ] nATyadarpaNam [.kA0 153, sa0 226 puMstva-paNDatvAcAcityAnusArato vidheya iti / yastu paJcamazcitrAbhinayaH proktaH so'pyaGgopAGgakarmavizeSarUpatvAdAgika evAntarbhavati / abhinayadvaya-traya-catuSTayasannipAtarUpaH sAmAnyAbhinayaH punarvAcikAdilakSaNenaiva caritArtha iti // [51] 153 // iti zrIrAmacandra-guNacandraviracitAyAM svopajJanATyadarpaNavivRtau vRtti-rasa-bhAva-aminayavicArastRtIyo vivekaH // 3 // aura jo pAMcaveM prakArakA citrAbhinaya [nAvyazAstrameM kahA gayA hai vaha bhI aMgoM tathA upAMgoMke vizeSa karma-rUpa honese prAMgika abhinayake bhItara hI A jAtA hai|| do, tIna yA cAra abhinayoMkA sannipAta rUpa jo sAmAnyAbhinaya [nATyazAstrameM] kahA gayA hai vaha bhI vAcika prAvike lakSaNoMke antargata hI ho jAtA hai| [11]153 // zrI rAmacandra-guNacandra viracita svanirmita mATyadarpaNako vivRttimeM vRtti-rasa-bhAva-abhimaya-vicAra nAmaka tatIya viveka samApta humA // 3 //
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________________ atha caturtho vivekaH
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________________
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________________ atha caturtho vivekaH ataH paraM sarvarUpakopayogi kizciducyate[sUtra 230]-deva-bhUpa-sabhA-bhartR mukhyAnAM maGgalAbhidhA / nityA rUpamukhe nAndI padaiH SaDbhirathASTabhiH // [1] 154 // ___ 'mukhya' grahaNaM sarasvatI-kaviprabhRtInAmupalakSaNArtham / 'maGgalAbhidhA' sadbhUtaguNotkIrtanaM, AzIrvacanaM vA / 'nityA' evaM vidharUpaiva / apareSAM tu pAThyAnAmutthApanAdInAM pUrvaraGgAGgAnAM prayogavazAdanyathAtvamapi bhavati / avazyambhAvAdvA nityatvam / zeSANAM hi raGgAGgAnAM nAvazyambhAvaH / aharahaH prayojyatvAdvA nityatvam / yAvaddhi rUpakasyAbhinayastAvadeSA nAndI prayoktavyaiva / 'rUpakasya' nATakAdeH, 'mukhe' prArambhe, nAndI / prayogasthAnakathanametat / nAndItvaM ca maGgalAbhidhAyAHpratyUhApasAraNena samRddhiMjanakatvAt / 'padAni' vAkyAGgAni / kecittu pUrNavAkyApekSayAvAntaravAkyAni 'padAni' ityAhuH / tathA ca bharatamunirnAndI paThati-- ____ atha nATyadarpaNadIpikA caturtho vivekaH bhava saba prakAra ke rUpakoMmeM upayogI kucha bAteM kahate haiM--- [sUtra 230]-devatAoMkI, rAjAkI, sabhAkI tathA svAmI prAdiko maMgala-kAmanA rUpa, chaH padoMse yukta athavA pATha padoMse yukta 'nAndI pratyeka rUpakake bhArambhameM nitya hI karanI caahie| [1] 154 / 'mukhya' padakA grahaNa sarasvatI aura kavi mAvikA upalakSaNa hai / 'maMgalAbhidhA' arthAt vidyamAna sadguNoMkA kathana karanA, athavA pAzIrvacana / 'nityA' arthAt (1) sadA isI prakArako [maMgalAbhiSA rUpa] hotI hai| pUrvaraMgake, par3he jAne vAle 'utthApanA' mAvi anya aMgoMmeM to prayogake bhedase parivartana bhI ho jAtA hai| [kintu nAndIkA sabhI rUpakoMmeM eka hI svarUpa rahatA hai / yaha nityA' padakA abhiprAya hai) / (2) athavA [saba rUpakoMmeM nAndIkA] avazyambhAva honese nityakSa kahA hai| raMgake anya aMgoMkA honA prAvazyaka nahIM hai| athavA (3) pratidina prayoga kie jAneke kAraNa nAndokA nityatva kahA hai| jaba taka rUpakoMkA abhinaya rahegA taba taka isa nAndIkA prayoga kiyA jAnA caahie| yaha 'nityA' padakA mabhiprAya hai] / rUpaka' arthAt nATakAdike 'mukha' arthAt prArambhameM nAndI hotI hai| yaha prayogake sthAnakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| kinoMke binAza dvArA samRddhijanaka honeke kAraNa maMgala-kAmanA maMgalAcaraNako 'nAndI' kahA gayA hai / 'pada' arthAt vAkyake avayava / kucha loga pUrNa vAkyako hahise avAntara khaDa-vAkyoMko 'pada' kahate haiM / jaisAki [avAntara khaNDa vAkyoMko pada mAnakara] bharatamunine [nATyazAstra bha05,110-113 meM isa prakAra nAndIkA pATha dikhalAyA hai|
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________________ 364 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 154, sa0 130 "namo'stu sarvadevebhyo dvijAtibhyazca vai namaH / jitaM somena vai rAjJA zivaM go-brAhmaNAya ca // brahmottaraM tathaivAstu hatA brahmadviSastathA / - prazAstvimAM mahArAjaH pRthivIM ca sasAgarAm // rASTra pravardhatAM caiva raGgasyAzA samRdhyatu / prekSAkartumahAna dharmo bhavatu brahmabhASitam / / kAvyakarturyazazcApi dharmazcApi pravardhatAm / ijyayA cAnayA nityaM prIyantAM devatA iti // " nA0 a05, 110-113 // atra dvaadshaavaantraashiirvaakyaani| Sabhiriti vyasra, aSTabhiriti caturalaM raGgamapekSya madhyamanAndyA nirdezaH / vyasraraGga cottamA dvAdazabhiH, adhamA tribhiH padairnAndI / caturasraraGga punaruttamA SoDazabhiH, adhamA catubhiriti / nAndI ca pUrvaraGgAGgAnAM dvAdaza maGgaM sakalapUrvaraGgAGgopalakSikA / tena 'nAndyante sUtradhAra' ityasya / sakalapUrvaraMgAni tu keSAzcillokaprasiddhatvAta, keSAzcinniSphalatvAta, keSAMcidanavazyambhAvitvAcca na lakSyante / nAndI tvavazyambhAvitvAt , maMgalAbhidhAnapUrvakatvAcca zubha ___ samasta devatAoMko aura dvijAtiyoMko hamArA namaskAra hai / soma rUpa rAjA [acaMvA prakAzamAna candramA kI vijaya ho tathA gauoM evaM brAhmaNoMkA kalyANa ho / - isI prakAra brAhmaNoMkI vRddhi yaha brahmavidyAko vRddhi ho / tathA brahmadveSiyoMkA vinAza ho| aura mahArAja sAgaroM sahita isa pRthivIkA zAsana kreN| rASTrako samRddhi ho aura raMgazAlAoMko AzA pUrNa ho / nATyako vyavasthA karAne vAle [rAjA prAdi] ko mahAn dharmakI prApti ho aura [unake dvArA] vedoMkA pATha hotA rhe| tathA kAvya kI racanA karane vAle [kaviyoM ko yazakI prApti ho, unake dharmako sadA vRddhi hotI rahe / tathA isa yajJake dvArA sadeva devagaNa prasanna hote rheN| isameM prAzIrvAAtmaka bAraha avAntara vAkya haiN| [kArikAmeM] 'SabhiH ' isa parase tribhujAtmaka raMgako lakSyameM rakhakara madhyama nAndIkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai aura 'mahabhiH' pabase caturasra manDapako dhyAnameM rakhakara madhyama nAndIkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| tribhujAtmaka maNDapameM uttama nAndI bAraha padoMko [madhyama 6 padoMko] aura aSama [nAndI] tIna padoMkI hotI hai / paura caturastra maNDapameM uttama [nAndI] solaha padoMko [madhyama pATha padoMko] tathA adhama nAndI] cAra padoMkI hotI hai| nAndI, pUrvaraMgake aMgoM meM bArahavAM aMga hai aura yahA~ vaha pUrvaraMgake sAre aMgoMkI upalakSaNa rUpa hai| isalie 'nAndyante sUtradhAraH' [yaha jo nATakoMmeM likhA jAtA hai isakI bhI upalakSikA hai / [pUrvaraMgake aMgoMmeMse kucha loka-prasiddha honese, kubake niSphala honese aura kinhIMke Avazyaka na honese honese pUrvaraMgake samasta aMgoMkA lakSAraNa hamane yahAM nahIM kiyA hai| nAndIkA honA to prAvazyaka hai isalie, aura pratyeka zubha kAryake prArambhameM maMgalAcaraNa karanA hI cAhie isalie nAndokA lakSaNa kiyA hai| isIlie [arthAt pratyeka zubhakAryake bhArambhameM maMgalAcaraNake prAvazyaka honeke kAraNa jo loga nAndI ko mATakamA aMga nahIM mAnate haiM ve] kavigaNa [bhI] nATakake bhArambhameM 'nAnyante sUtradhAraH'
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________________ kA0 155, sU0 231 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 365 kRtyArambhasyeti lakSitA / ata eva kavayo rUpakArambhe 'nAndyante sUtradhAraH' iti paThanti / yatra tu kavikRtA nAndI na dRzyate tatrApi raGgasUtraNakartR kRtA draSTavyA / nAMdIpAThakAzca sUtradhAra-sthApaka-pAripAzvikA iti // 154 / / atha dhruvA lakSyate-- . [sUtra 231]-praveza-niSkramAkSepa-prasAdAntarasaGgatam / citrArtha rUpakaM geyaM paJcadhA syAt kavidhavA // [2] 155 // 'rUpakaM kavidhruvA' iti sambandhaH / pravizataH pAtrasya rasa-bhAva-prakRti-avasthAdikaM prveshshbdenocyte| tadanusAreNa zleSa-samAsoktyAdyalaMkRtaM yad rUparka gIyate sA, 'pravezaH' prayojanamasyA iti 'IkaNi' praaveshikii| (1) yathA anargharAghave(ka)-"diNayarakiraNukkero piyAyaro ko vi jIvaloyassa / __ kamalamaulaMkavAlI-kaya-mahuara-kaDDhaNaviyaDDho / [arthAt nAndI sampAdanake bAda sUtradhAra praviSTa hotA hai] isa prakAra likhate haiM / [bhAsa prAdi ke nATakameM] jahA~ kavi dvArA kI gaI nAndI upalabdha nahIM hotI hai vahA~ bhI raMgako vyavasthA karane vAle sUtradhArakI porase kI gaI nAndI samajha lenI caahie| nAndI-pATha karane vAle sUtradhAra, sthApaka tathA pAripAzvika ye tIna hote haiM / [1] 154 / / / aba 'dhra vA' kA lakSaNa karate haiM-- [sUtra 181]-[pAtroMke] praveza, niSkramaNa, [rasAntarake prAkSepa, [prastuta rasake] umjvalIkaraNa aura [ naToMke kisI chidra arthAt ] truTi [ko chipAneke lie ina saba ke sAtha sambaDa jo pada [rUpakaM] gAe jAte haiM ve 'dhruvA' kahalAte haiM aura vaha [pUrvokta praveza nijakramaNa prAdi pA~cake sAtha sambaddha honese] 'kavidhra vA' pA~ca prakArako hotI hai| [2] [kArikAmeM] 'rUpakaM kavidhra vA' isa prakArakA anvaya karanA caahie| [rUpakaM arthAt geya padoMko dhra vA kahate haiM yaha abhiprAya hai] / usakA prayojana pAtroMkA praveza niSkramaNa mAdi pAMca prakArakA hotA hai isalie dhra vA bhI pA~ca prakArakI kahI gaI hai| unameMse pahale pAtroMke pravezase sambaddha prAvezikI dhra vA dikhalAte haiM prAge praviSTa hone vAle pAtrake rasa, bhASa, prakRti, avasthA Adiko yahA~ 'praveza' zabdase kahA gayA hai / usake anusAra zleSa samAsokti prAdike dvArA jisa [rUpaka arthAt] geya padakA gAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha praveza jisakA prayojana hai isa artha meM [prAcArya hemacandrakRta vyAkaraNake anusAra] 'IkaNa-pratyaya karane para' prAvaziko [pada siddha hotA hai / (1) prAvezikI dhruvA[praveziko dhra vAkA udAharaNa] jaise anagharAghavameM (ka) sUryadevakA kiraNa samudAya jo kamala-kalikAmoMko govameM bhaukA pAkarSaNa karane meM vivagdha hai, samasta jIvalokakelie kucha apUrva prAnandadAyaka hai|
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________________ 366 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 155, sU0 231 [dinakarakiraNotkaraH priyAkaraH ko'pi jIvalokasya / kamalamukulAMkapAlIkRtamadhukarakarSaNavidagdhaH // iti saMskRtama] // " iyaM svAzramarakSaNArtha rAmAkarSaNAyAgacchato vizvAmitrasya AdityodayavarNanavyAjena prveshsuucikaa|| (kha) yathA vA devIcandragupte pazcame'Gke- . "eso siyakaravittharapaNAsiyAsesaveritimiroho / niyavihavareNa cando gayaNaM gahaM laMdhitaM visai / / [ eSa sitakaravistarapraNAzitAzeSavairitimiraughaH / nijavibhavavareNa candro gaMganaM graha laMghayitu vizati ||iti saMskRtam // " iyaM svApAyazaMkinaH kRtakonmattasya kumAracandraguptasya candrodayavarNanena prveshprtipaadiketi| (2) aGkAnte aGkamadhye vA sanimittaM raGgAt pAtrasya bahiniHsaraNaM niSkramaH / ttpryojnaa| anuzatikAderAkRtigaNatvAd 'ikaNi' ubhayapadavRddhau naisskraamikii| yathA devIcandragupte paJcamAMkAnte "bahuviha-kajjavisesaM aigUDhaM niNhavei mynnaado| 'nikkhalai khuddhacittau rattAhuttaM maNo riuNo // [bahuvidhakAryavizeSamatigUDhaM nihna te madanAt / niSkalati dubdhacitto raktAkSiptamanA ripoH / / __ iti saMskRtam ]" yaha sUryodaya-varNanake bahAne se apane prAdhamakI rakSAke lie rAmacandrako livA bAneke uddezyase AnevAle vizvAmitrake pravezako sUcikA [pravezako dhra vA] hai| (kha) athavA jaise devI candraguptake paJcama praDameM prapatI zubha kiraNoMke vistAradvArA zatru rupa samasta andhakAra-samudAyako nAza kara dene vAlA candramA apane pracura [jyotsnA rUpa] vaibhavase [aniya] grahoMkA ullaMghana karaneke lie prAkAzameM praviSTa ho rahA hai / yaha candrodayake varNanake bahAnese apane vinAzako zaMkA karanevAle banAvaTI rUpase unmatta bane hue kumAra candragupta ke pravezako sUcikA [praveziko dhravA] hai| (2) naiSkrAmikI dhruvA (2) praGkake antameM athavA prakuke bonameM kAraNavaza pAtrakA raMgase bAhara jAnA niSkramaNa kahalAtA hai| vaha jisakA prayojana ho, vaha nikrAmiko dhranA hotI hai| yaha naSkAmikI para anuzatikAdigaraNako prAkRtigaraNa mAnakara [hemacandra vyAkaraNake bhanulAra] IkaNa-pratyaya karanepara tathA ubhayapada-vRddhi karake 'naSkAmiko' [pada siddha hotA hai / se devIcandraguptake paJcama praDake antameM--- mAnA prakArake atyanta gupta vizeSa kAryoko kAmake prAvegase chipAnA cAhatA hai aura sake raktapAna ke lie utsuka ampatsivAlA [kumAra caLagupta raNabhUmise] bAhara jAtA hai|
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________________ kA0 155, sU0 231 ] caturthI viveka: [ 367 iyamunmatasya candrasya madanavikAragopanaparasya anAka zatrubhItasya rAjakulagamanArthaM niSkramasUciketi / (3) prastutarasollaMghanena rasAntarodbhAvanamAdepaH / tatprayojanA prakSepikI / yathodAttarAghave rAmasya prastutazTaGgArojlaMghanena- "are re tApasa! sthirIbhava, kvedAnIM gamyate ? svarmama parAbhava ekadattavyathaH / kharaprabhRtivAndhavo halanavAtasandhukSitaH / taveha vidalIbhavattanusamucchalacchoNitacchAcchuritava dasaH prazamametu kopAnalaH // " ityAdi nepathyavAkyAkarNanena vIrarasAkSepaH / (4) prastutasya rasasya vibhAvonmIlanena nirmalIkaraNaM 'prasAda' / praviSTapAtrasya antargata cittapravRtteH sAmAjikAna prati prathanaM vA 'prasAda' / prasAdaprayojanA 'prAsAdikI' / iyaM ca prAvezika AkSepikyanantarasavazyaM prayojyeti vRddhasampradAyaH / (5) 'antara' chiMdra', tatra bhavA 'AntarI' / anukarturyadA nAzaMkita eva dhanavidhAtAdinA vidhAtaH, uddhataprayogAzrayAdvA mUrchA-bhramAdisambhAvanA, vastrAbharaNadervA yaha madana vikArako chipAneke lie unmatta aura kucha zatru se bhayabhIta candraguptake rAmaaari jAnekelie [ raGgamaJcase] niSkramaNakI sUcikA hai / (3) AkSepikI dhruvA - prastuta rasako haTAkara anya rasakA utpanna karanA 'prAkSepa' kahalAtA hai / vaha jisakA prayojana hai vaha 'AkSepikI' huI / jaise 'udAttarAghava' meM - rAmacandrake prastuta zRGgArarasako haTAkara [nimna zloka dvArA vIrarasakA prAkSepa karAyA gayA hai] are duSTa tApasa ! Thahara jA, khar3A raha, praba jAtA kahA~ hai ? merI bahina [ zUrpaNakhA ] ke apamAna se utpanna, eka [ prasahya zrapUrva ] klezako denevAlA khara-dUSaNa prAvi bandhuoMke vinAza rUpa vAyuse prajvalita kiyA huprA krodhAnala prAja cUrNa kie jAte hue tere zarIrase nikalanevAle raktapravAhase jisakA vakSaHsthala vyApta ho rahA hai isa prakArakA banakara hI zAMta hogA / : ityAdi nepathyagata [ rAvaraNake ] vAkyako sunanese vIrarasakA prAkSepa hotA hai / ( * ) prAsAdikI dhruvA - athavA vibhAvoMke unmIlana dvArA prastuta rasakA nirmelIkaraNa 'prasAda' kahalAtA hai / praviSTa hue patrako cittavRttiko sAmAjikoMke sAmane prakAzita karanAH prasAda' mAnA jAtA hai| 'prasAda' jisakA prayojana hai vaha 'prAsAdiko' [dhruvA] huI / 'prAvezikI' aura 'prAkSepikI' vAcake isa [prAvikI dhruvA ] kA prayoga avazya karanA cAhie yaha vRddhajanoMkI paramparA hai| (5) AntarI dhruvA antara arthAt truTi [f] / usa [chi yA truTi ] ke honepara prayuktakI jAne vAlI [va] 'prAptarI' [ vA kahalAtI] hai / [ isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki ]jaba anukaraNa karane ko (1) jisakI zaMkA bhI nahIM ho sakatI thI isa prakArake prAkasmika dhana
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________________ 368 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 155, sR0 231 pracyutiH, tadA tatsaMvaraNAvakAzaditsayA iyaM gIyate / asyAM cA bhASi vA rasasvarUpamanuvartyam / chidrAcchAdanamAtraprayojanatvAccAsyA na sArthakapadanyasanamupayogIti zuSkAkSarAkhyevAsyAM nibadhyante / 'saMgataM ' pravezAdyanurUpArtham / 'citro' nAnAprakAraH, saraH kAnanAdi-divasa-rAtrisandhyAdiH, uttama - madhyamAdhamaprakRtiH gaMja- bAji - siMhAdirbhAvo ratyAdikazcArtho yatra / arthazca tathA nibandhanIyo yathA 'upazruti zakunanyAyena' pratyayena prastutopayogI bhavati / 'rUpaka' niyatamAtrAkSaraM chandaH / 'geyaM' svaratAlairgAnAIm / paJcadhA pravezAdibhiH vinAza zrAdike kAraNa prAdhAta lagatA hai taba zrathavA (2) kisI uddhata prayogake kAraNa mUrcchA yA cakkara prAne laganekI sambhAvanA honepara, prathavA (3) vastra, prAbharaNa prAvike gira jAnepara usa [ truTi, antara yA chidra ] ke chipAnekelie avasara pradAna karanekI dRSTise isa [ zrantarI dhruvA ] kA gAna kiyA jAtA hai| [jisase prekSakoMkA dhyAna usa gAnakI dhora khalA jAtA hai aura naTako usa truTiko pUrA karane aura sa~bhala jAnekA avasara mila jAtA hai ] / isameM pUrvavartI zrathavA zrAge zrAnevAle rasake svarUpakA anugamana Avazyaka hotA hai| kevala chidroMkA prAcchAdana karanA hI isakA prayojana hotA hai isalie isameM sArthaka padake pATha Adi hI upayogI nahIM hai [ aura sArthaka geya pada isa samaya akasmAta banAe bhI nahIM jA sakate haiM ] isalie kevala [ sArthaka yA nirarthaka jaise bhI bana jAyeM] zuSka akSaramAtrakA isameM jor3a-tor3a kiyA jAtA hai / [ unhIM ke gAnase sAmAjikoMkA citta baMTAkara naTako apanI truTiko chipAne tathA sa~bhalanekA avasara mila jAtA hai| / [praveza, niSkrama, prAkSepa, prasAda aura antara ina pA~coMke sAtha ] 'saMgata' prarthAt praveza zrAdi [ pA~coM ] ke anurUpa [ jo geya pada vaha 'dha uvA' kahalAtA hai ] / citra prarthAt nAnA prakArakA [ zrarthAt ] tAlAba, bana Adi athavA dina rAta va sandhyAdi athavA uttama, madhyama va prathama prakRti prathavA hAthI, ghor3A, siMha Adi padArtha aura ratyAdi rUpa artha jisa [geya pada ] meM hoM [ vaha 'citrArthaM ' geya pada 'dhruvA' kahalAtA hai] / isa arthako racanA isa DhaMgale karanI cAhie ki jisase vaha 'upazruti- zakuna - nyAya' se apane [zravaraNAtmaka ] jJAnamAtrase prakRtameM upayogI ho sake / isameM 'upazruti zakuna nyAya' zabdakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki paramparAgata saMskAroMke anusAra yAtrApara jAte samaya yadi nIlakaNTha prAdi kisI vizeSa pakSIkA darzana yA usakI dhvanikA zravaNa athavA jalase bhare ghaTa AdikA darzana ho jAya to vaha kArya siddhike lie zubha zakuna mAnA jAtA hai / yadyapi jalabhare ghaTako le jAnevAlekA, athavA pakSIke zabda karanekA prayojana yAtrA karanevAlekelie zakuna karanA nahIM hotA hai / usakA prayojana kucha aura hI hotA hai / kintu ina padArthoMke darzana athavA zabdake zravaraNamAtra se maMgala hotA hai / isI prakAra ina dhruvAnoMke padoMkA artha ca kacha bhI ho kintu unake zravaNamAtra athavA jJAnamAtrase unakA prakRta meM upayoga ho sake ! yaha 'upazrutizakuna nyAya' kA abhiprAya hai / niyata mAtrA aura niyata prakSaroM vAlA banda yahA~ 'rUpaka' [ pavase abhipreta ] hai / svara aura tAlase gAne yogya 'geya' kahalAtA / [ pravA] pA~ca prakArakI prarthAt praveza [ praveza
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________________ kA0 156, sU0 232 ] caturtho viveka: [ 366 1 pcprkaaraa| upayogabAhulyApekSaM caitat / apare ca dhruvAprakArAH santi, alpopayogitvAt tu na lakSitAH / 'kavidhavA' iti kabeH prabandhakaturiyaM paJcavidhA dhruvA / zranena raGgamadhyavartinInAM dhruvANAM raMgavidhyanantaraM nATyAcArya kalpitAnAM gAnadhuvANAM ca vyudAsa iti ||[2] 155 || atha nATyapAtrANAM prakRtibhedAnAha [ sUtra 232] - uttamA madhyamA nIcA prakRtirnR striyostridhA / ekaikApi tridhA sva-svaguNAnAM tAratamyataH // // [3] 156 // 'un' ityavyayaM utkRSTa 'rthe / tataH prakRSTArthe 'namapi' uttamA / prakarSeNa kriyante iti / prakRtirjanma sahabhuvaM zubhAzubhaM zIlam / 'triveti' tisro'pi prakRtayaH svasthAne uttamA madhyamA nIcAzceti / 'guNAH' pratyeka prakRtiSu vakSyamANAH / prakRSTasya kicidAdhikya bahutvabhAvinostarap-tamap-pratyayayoranukRtistara - tamau iti / tayorbhAva: 'tAratamyam' / sAmAnya- kiJcidAdhikya-sAtizayAdhikyalakSaNAvasthAtrayayogitvamiti / / [3] 156 // free, AkSepa, prasAda aura antara ]- zrAdise pA~ca prakArakI hotI hai / [ ina pAMca prakAroMke ] upayoga bAhulyako dRSTise yaha [pA~ca bhevoMkA] kahA gayA hai / [ vaise to ina pAMca pratirikta] caura bhI dhravAke prakAra haiM kintu unakA upayoga bahuta kama honese unake lakSaNa nahIM kie haiN| [kArikAmeM ina pA~coMko 'kavi vA' kahA hai isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki kavidhavAoMke pratirikta anya dha uvAe~ bhI hotI haiN| isalie ] 'kavidhruvA' isa padake dvArA kavi arthAt graMthakartA [prarthAt graMthakartAke dvArA prayukta ] ye pA~ca prakArako 'dhruvA' hotI haiN| isase pUrva raGgake madhya meM honevAlI aura pUrvaraMgavidhike bAda nATyAcArya dvArA kalpita gAnako dhruvAoMkA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| [arthAt ye pA~ca prakAra kevala 'kavidhruvA' ke hote haiN| anya vAoMse ina bhedoM kA koI sambandha nahIM hai ] / / [2] 155 // mana nAvyake pAtroMkI prakRtike bhedoMko batalAte haiM [sUtra 232] - [ nATakake] strI aura puruSa [pAtroM] kI uttama, madhyama tathA prathama tIna prakArako prakRti hotI hai| aura apane-apane guraNoMke tAratamyase unameMse pratyeka [ prakRti ) ke phira tIna-tIna bheda ho sakate haiM / [3] 156 / [uttama padakA nirvacana karate haiM / isa uttama pabameM 'ut' yaha zravyaya utkRSTa prartha meM hai / usase prakaSTa arthameM tamap-pratyaya hokara 'uttamA' [pada banatA hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki] jisakI bAhya ceSTAeM uttama rUpase kI jAtI haiM [ vaha uttama prakRti kahalAtI hai] pa prApta honevAle bhale-bure svabhAvako 'prakRti' kahate haiM / ['ekaMkApi tridhA' isa sthalapara dubArA prayukta hue ] 'tridhA isase [ yaha sUcita kiyA jAtA hai ki pahalI bAra jo uttama, madhyama va prathama tIna prakArako prakRti kahI gaI thIM ve ] tInoM prakArako prakRtiyAM apane sthAna meM bhI uttama, madhyama tathA nIca [bhevase] tIna prakArako ho sakatI haiM / [ sva-svaguNAnAM tAratamyataH meM kahe hue ] 'guNa' pratyeka [uttama, madhyama va prathama prAvi] prakRtiyoMmeM zrAge kahe jAne vAle haiN|
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________________ 370 ] nATyadarpaNama 0 158, sU0 233-35 athottamaprakRteH puMso guNAnAha[sUtra 233]-zaraNyo dakSirastyAgI loka-zAstravicakSaNaH / gAmbhIrya-dharya-zauNDIrya-nyAyavAnunamaH pumAn // [4] 157 // zaraNamApadgatatrANam / tatra sAdhuH / 'dakSiNo'nukUlaH / 'loka zabdanAtra lokavyavahAra ucyate / tatra 'vickssaaH| evamAdayo'nye'pyuttamapuruSaguNA draSTalyA iti / / [4] 157 // ___ atha madhyagaprakRtiH[sUtra 234]-madhyo madhyaguraNaH / 'madhya!' nAghyutkaSTA nApyapakRSTA 'guNA' lokavyavahAra cAturya-kalA-vicakSaNatvAdayo dharmA asyeti / atha nIcaprakRtiH.... [sUtra 235] -~-nIcaH pApIyAn pizuno'lasaH / kRtaghnaH kalahI klobaH strIlIlo rUkSavAga jar3aH // |5158 // [mAge 'tAratamya' zabdakA artha karate haiM] 'prakRSTa' [pada] se kucha prAdhikya aura bahuta arthameM honevAle 'tarapa-tama' donoM pratyayoMke anukaraNa rUpameM 'tara-tama' [pratyAMza] haiM / una [tara-tama] kA bhAya 'tAratamya' huprA / [usakA artha yaha hai ki sAmAnya, usase kucha adhika praura usase bhI vizeSa adhika rUpa tIna avasthAmoMse yukta [bhAva 'tAratamya' kahalAtA hai] // [3]156 / / praba Age uttama prakRtivAle puruSake guNoMko kahate haiM [sUtra 233]-zaraNAgatoMke rakSaNameM sAdhu, anukUla, tyAgI, lokavyavahAra tathA zAstroM meM nipuNa, gambhIratA, dhIratA, parAkrama aura nyAya-vicArase yukta puruSa 'uttama' puruSa kahalAtA hai| [4] 157 // zaraNa arthAt vipatti meM par3e hueko rakSA karanA ! uttama sAdhu [dhyakti 'zaraNya' kahalAtA hai] / 'dakSiraNa' arthAt sabake ] anukUla / 'loka' zabdase yahAM lokavyavahArakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| usameM nipunn| isI prakArake anya bhI guNa uttama prakRtivAle puruSoM meM hote haiN||[4] 157 // aba prAge madhyama prakRti ke puruSake guNoMko kahate hai - [sUtra 234] --madhyama guNoMvAlA [puruSa] madhyama prakRti kahalAtA hai / 'madhyama' arthAt na to adhika utkRSTa praura na hI adhika nikRSTa 'guNa' arthAt lokavyavahArako nipuNatA, kalA, vidvattA prAvi dharma jisake hoM [vaha madhyama prakRtikA puruSa kahalAtA hai| aba prAge noca prakRti [puruSake guNoMko kahate haiM]--... [satra 235]--nIca prakRtivAlA puruSa atyanta pApa karane vAlA, curAlakhora, prAlasI, kasama, jhagar3AlU, parAkrama-vihIna, strI-nirata praura rUkSa bolanevAlA hotA hai / [5]158 //
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________________ kA0 155, sU0 236-37 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 371 "pizunaH' karNejapaH / 'klIyo hInasattva iti // [5] 158 // athottamAM triyamAha[sUtra 236] -lajjAvatI mRdu/rA gambhIrA smithaasinii| vinItA kulajA dakSA vatsalA yoSiduttamA // // [6] 156 // vatsalA snehaleti // [6] 156 // atha madhyamA-nIce [sUtra 237]-naravanmadhyamA-nIcemadhyama-nIcapuruSavanmadhyamA-nIce striyau boddhavye / eSA nR-striyovidhA prakRtiranurUpA virUpA rUpAnurUpiNI ceti punstriprkaaraa| tatrAnurUpA puMsaH pauMsnaH, striyAstu straiNo vayo'vasthA'nurUpo bhAvaH / virUpA tu bAlocitabhAvasya sthavireNa, sthavirocitasya tu bAlena darzanam / rUpAnurUpiNI puruSo'pi strIrUpeNa bhUtvA, striyA puMrUpayA ca zrI-pusabhAvadarzanamiti // - "pizuna' arthAt cugalakhora / 'kloba' arthAt zakti rahita // [5]158 // praba prAge uttama strI [ke guNoM ko kahate haiM [sUtra 236] --lajjAvatI, mRdu, dhIra, gambhIra, manda muskAnevAlI, namra, uccakulotpanna, catura aura sahanazIla strI uttama strI kahalAtI hai / [6]156 / 'vatsalA' arthAt sneha karane vAlI // [6] 156 // isa prakAra yahA~ taka uttama, madhyama va madhama tInoM prakArakI prakRtivAle puruSoM tathA tInoM prakRti kI striyoMke guNa, kahe gae hai| praba mAge madhyamA tathA nIcA striyoMke lakSaNa kahate haiM[sUtra 237] -[madhyama tathA nIca puruSake samAna madhyamA tathA nIca striyAM hotI hai| madhyama tathA nIca puruSoMke samAna [prakRtivAlI] madhyamA tathA nIcA striyoMko samajhanA caahie| puruSa tathA striyoMko yaha [uttama, madhyama tathA pradhama rUpa tIna prakArako prakRti (1) anurUpA, (2) virUpA tathA (3) rUpAnurUpiNI bhedase phira tIna-tIna prakArako hotI hai| unameMse puruSakA puruSake anurUpa aura strIkA strIke anurUpa prAyu aura dazA prAvi ke anukUla bhAva 'anurUpA' [prakRti kahalAtA hai| paura bAlocita bhAvakA vRddhakedvArA apavA vRddhocita bhAvakA bAlakake dvArA pradarzana 'virUpA' prakRti [kahalAtA hai| jahAM puruSa bhI strI banakara prathavA strI bhI puruSa banakara [kramazaH] strIbhAva tathA puruSabhAvako pradarzana karate haiM vaha 'rUpAnurUpiNI' prakRti kahalAtI hai|| isa prakAra yahA~ taka uttama, madhyama tathA adhama prakRti ke puruSa tathA striyoMke lakSaNa dikhalAkara Age madhyama tathA pradhama prakRtike pAtroMko bhI nATyameM nAyaka banAyA jA sakatA hai isa bAtako likhate haiN| prathama vivekameM kevala uttama prakRti vAle nAyakoMke banAe jAnekA vidhAna kiyA thaa| usase apavAda rUpa meM yahA~ madhyama tathA nIca prakRti ke nAyakoMke banAnekA bhI vidhAna kiyA jA rahA hai|
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________________ darpaNam zratha prabandheSu nIcaprakRtikamapi nAyakamAha [ sUtra 238 ] - nIco'pIzaH kathAvazAt / kathA vRttaM, tasyA vazaH sAmarthyaM hasanIyatvAdi tasmAd bhAraNa-prahasanayoH, kasyAvid vIthyAM ca nIco'pi nAyakaH / prathamaviveke madhyamottamayornAyakatvamuktaM tadapavAdo'yamiti / 372 ] atha sarvarUpakeSu mukhyanAyakaM lakSayati [ sUtra 236 ] - pradhAnaphalasampanno'vyasanI mukhya nAyakaH // [ 7 ] 160 // vyasanaM svadhyAyAsaktiH, vipadvA / [7] 160 // athAsya guNAnuddizati - [ sUtra 240 ] - tejo vilAso mAdhuryaM zobhA sthairyaM gabhIratA / praudArya lalitaM cASTau guragA netari sattvajAH // // [ 8 ] 161 // '' ityuktaparigaNanam / na tu saMkhyAniyamo 'nyeSAmapi sambhavAt / sattvaM vipulAzayatvam // [8] 161 // zrathaiSAM pratyekazo lakSaNam - mAge prabandhakAvyoMmeM nIca prakRtivAle nAyakoM [ke ho sakane] kA bhI pratipAdana karate haiM [ kA0 160, sU0 238-40 [ sUtra 238 ] - kathAke anusAra kahIM noca bhI nAyaka ho sakatA hai / kathA prarthAt prAkhyAna vastu / usake vazase arthAt sAmarthya se arthAt hasanIyatva prAdi kI dRSTise / isalie 'bhArata' aura 'prahasana' meM tathA kisI 'vIthI' meM nIca bhI nAyaka ho sakatA hai| prathama vivekameM [ kevala ] madhyama tathA uttamake nAyakatvakA kathana kiyA thA yaha usakA pavAda hai / aba prAge samasta rUpakoMke mukhya nAyakakA lakSaraNa karate haiM [ sUtra 239 ] - [rUpakake] pradhAna phalako prApta karanevAlA [viSayAsakti prathavA prANa ko hAni rUpa vipatti ] vyasanase rahita mukhya nAyaka hotA hai / [7] 160 / vyasanakA artha strI prAdike prati prAsakti prathavA [ prANahAni prAdi rUpa ] vipatti hai [7]160 // [ sUtra 240 ] - aba isa [mukhya nAyaka ] ke guNoM ko ginAte haiM mukhya nAyakameM unake satva se utpanna 1. teja, 2. vilAsa, 3. mAdhurya, 4. zobhA, 5. sthiratA, 6 . gambhIratA, 7. udAratA, 8. lAlitya ye ATha guNa rahate haiM / [8] 161 / 'bhraSTa' isa padase [kArikAmeM] kahe hue [zrATha guNoM] kI gaNanA bikhalAI hai / yaha saMkhyAkA niyama nahIM hai [ prarthAt prATha hI guNa mukhya nAmaka meM hote haiM yaha isa 'aSTI' padakA abhiprAya nahIM hai / kyoMki inake atirikta ] anya guraga bhI nAyakameM ho sakate haiN| ['sazvasambhavAt' padameM] 'sattva' zabda se vipulAzayatvakA grahaNa hotA hai |[8]161 // (1) aba Age ina [ zrATha guNoM] meMse pratyeka ke alaga-alaga lakSaNa
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________________ kA0 161, sU0 241-44 ] caturtho vivekaH [sUtra 241]-kSepAderasahiSNa tvaM tejaH prAraNAtyaye'pi ca / tepstirskaarH| AdizabdAd dainyAvajJAdigrahaH / 'prANAtyaye'pi ca' iti prANAtyayamaNyupagamyetyarthaH / tenaashissnnutvmkssmaa| na tu dezakAlAvasthAdyapekSayA nItyA sahanapUrvakaM niryAtanamiti / (2) atha vilAsa:[sUtra 242]-vilAso vRzavad yAnaM dhIrA dRk sasmitaM vacaH / [9] 162 // 'vRSo' mahokSaH / dhIratvamudAttatvamiti // [1] 162 // (3) atha mAdhuryam[sUtra 243]-mAdhuryaM vikRtiH stutyA kSobhahetau mahatyapi ! prastutAd rUpAd rUpAntaraM 'vikRtiH' / 'stutyA' romASca-parikarabandha-zmazrukezasamAracana-zastrAvalokanAdikAt / 'kSobhaH' satvacalanamiti / (4) atha zobhA[sUtra 244]-zobhA cihnaghRNA-spardhA-dAkSya-zauryodyamonnaye // [10] 163 // [sUtra 241]-prANanAzake saMkaTako svIkAra karake bhI apamAna prAviko sahana na karanA 'teja' kahalAtA hai| 'kSepa' arthAt tiraskAra / prAdi zabdase denya praura pravajJA prAvikA paharaNa hotA hai| 'prAraNAtyaye'pi ca' isakA apane prANoMke vinAzako bhI svIkAra karake yaha abhiprAya hai| isalie 'asahiSNutva kA artha sahana na karanA kSamA na karanA hai / veza, kAla, avasthA mAdi ko apekSAse usa samaya sahana karake bAdameM usakA badalA lenA [niryAtana, asahiSNutva zabda kA prathaM] nahIM hai| (2) aba vilAsa [guraNakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 242]-vRSake samAna gati, dhIra dRSTi pora muskarAte hue bAta karanA yaha 'vilAsa' guraNakA lakSaNa hai / [6] 162 / vRSa arthAta sAMDa / dhIratvakA artha udAtatva hai| [6] 162 / (3) aba prAge mAdhurya [guragakA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 243]-krodha AnekA mahAn kAraNa upasthita honepara bhI halakI-sI vikRti mAdhurya [guraNa kahalAtI hai| prastuta vartamAna rUpase bhinna rUpako prApti 'vikRti' kahalAtI hai| halake-se [stutyA arthAt ] romAMca, kamara kasanA, mUchoMpara tAva denA aura zastrakI pora dekhanA mAdise [halakIsI vikRtikA prakAzana mAdhurtha guraNa kahalAtA hai] / 'kSobha' arthAt sattvase vicalita ho jaanaa| (4) aba 'zobhA' [guNakA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 244]-ghRNA, spardhA, dakSatA, zaurya tathA udyamake vidyamAna honeke anumAna karanekA cihna zobhA [guNa] kahalAtA hai / [10] 163 //
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________________ 374 ] nATyadarpaNam kA0 163, sU0 245-40 'cihna' ghaNAdeH sattAnizcayahetuH zarIravikAraH / 'ghRNA' nIcArthajugupsanama / 'sparddhA' adhikena saha sAmyAdhikyAbhilASaH / 'udyama' utsAhaH / eSAmunnayaH sattAnizcaya iti / [10] 163 / / (5) atha sthairyama-- [sUtra 245]-vighne'pyacalanaM sthairya prArabdhAdazabhAdapi / ___ 'vighnaH' pratyUhaH / 'acalanaM' dAyam / azubhamiha paralokAnucitamiti // (6) atha gAmbhIryama[sUtra 246] -nAmbhIrya sahajA mUtiH kopa-harSAdigopinI // [11] 164 // 'sahajA' mukharAga-dRSTavikArAdirahitA / 'mUrtiH'dehasvabhAvaH / 'Adi' zabdAda bhaya-zokAdigrahaH / 'gopanI pracchAdiketi / / [11] [164 / / (7) athaudAryama[sUtra 247] -praudArya zatru-mitrANAM prAriNatenApyupagrahaH / bahuvacanAnmadhyasthAnAM grahaH / 'prANita'-zabdena svajIvitavyasya dAnamucyate / 'api'-zabdena dAna-priyabhASaNAdigrahaH / 'upagraha upakAra iti / "cihna' arthAt ghRNA Adiko vidyamAnatAkA nizcAyaka hetubhUta zArIrika vikAra / moca arthako nindA 'ghRNA' hai / adhika guNa vAleko barAbarI karanA yA usase adhika banane kI icchA 'spA' [kahalAtI hai / 'udyama' kA artha utsAha hai| inakA 'unnayana' arthAt ss| kA nizcaya [jisa cihnake dvArA hotA hai usako 'zobhA' guNa kahate haiM] / / [10] 163 // (5) aba mAge stharya [guNakA lakSaNa karate haiM]--- [sUtra 245] --vighnoMke upasthita hone para bhI praura azubha prArabdhase bhI apane nizcayako na chor3anA sthairya kahalAtA hai / 'vighna' arthAt pratyUha bAdhA / 'pracalana' arthAt dRr3ha rahanA / 'prazubha' kA artha yahA~ paralokake ayogya [karma mAdi] hai| (6) aba Age gambhIrya [guraNakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 246]-krodha aura harSa prAdiko prakaTa na hone denevAlI svAbhAvika deha-sthiti kA nAma gAmbhIrya hai / [11] 164 // ___ sahajA arthAt [krodhAdike mAnepara bhI] mukhako lAlimA aura dRSTike vikAra prAdi se rahita / 'bhUti' arthAt behakA svabhAva / 'prAdi' zabdase [kopa aura harSake sAtha] bhayazokAdikA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| 'gopanI' arthAt prAcchAdana karane vAlI [prakaTa na hone dene bAsI] // [11] 164 // (7) aba prAge audArya [guraNakA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 247]-apane prANa dekara bhI zatru yA mitrakA upakAra karanA 'pauvArya' lAtA hai| bahuvacaname [zatru aura mitroM ke sAtha] madhyasthoMkA bhI paharaNa hotA hai| 'prANita'
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________________ kA0 165, sU0 240-50 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 375 () atha lalitama[sUtra 248]-zRGgAriceSTA lalitaM nivikArAH svabhAvajAH // [12] 165 // 'zRGgAriNyaH' shRnggaarnitaaH| ceSTAHtiryagavalokana-vakroktibhASaNa-zarIramaMkArAdikAH / nivikArAH' gahArahitAH / 'mvabhAvajAH' abuddhipUrvakA iti / [12] 165 / / atha mukhya netAramuktvA gauNamAha[sUtra 246]-amukhyo nAyakaH kizcidUnavRtto'grayanAyakAt / 'amukhyatvaM' pradhAnakalApekSayA'vAntaraphalabhAjanatvAta / 'nAyakatvaM' vahutaravRttavyApakatvAna mukhyanetRsahAyabhUtatvAcca / kizcidRnaM. mvalpanyunaM vRnaM zArya-tyAgabuddha cAdikaM yamya / ayaM ca patAkAprakarImpo nAyako dapatrya iti // atha pratinAyakamAha - [sUtra 250] -lobhI dhIroddhataH pApo, vyasanI pratinAyakaH // [13] 166 // mukhyanAyakamya pratipanthI nAyakaH 'praninAyakaH' / yathA rAma-yadhiSThigyo * gavaNa-duryodhanau iti / / [13] 166 // manase apane jIvanako de DAlanekA abhiprAya hai / 'api' zambase dAna aura priyabhASaNa prAvi kA praharaNa hotA hai / 'upagraha' arthAt upakAra / / (8) praba lalita [gaNakA lakSaNa prAge karate haiN| ---- [sUtra 248] - [nindita] vikAroMse rahita svAbhAvika zRMgAra-veTAe~ lalita kahalAtI haiN| [12] 165 / 'zRMgAriNI' arthAt zRMgArase utpanna hone vaalii| 'ceSTA' arthAt tirachI nasarase dekhanA, vakroktiyoMse bhASaNa, tathA zarIrako sajAnA prAdi / 'nivikAra' arthAt prasundaratAse rahita / 'svabhAvajA' prot binA soca kara ko huI / / [12] 165 / / mukhya nAyakakA varNana karane ke bAda aba mAge gauraNa nAyakako kahate haiM--- [sUtra 246 }-mukhya nAyakakI apekSA kucha kama vRtta [kama kathAbhAga] vAlA amulpa nAyaka kahalAtA hai| pradhAna phalako apekSA pravAntara pramukhya phalakA pAtra honese isako 'amulya' kahA gayA hai| aura bahuta bar3e kathAbhAgameM vyApaka hone tathA nAyakake sahAyaka rUpameM honese usakA 'nAyakatva' hotA hai| jisakA vRtta prarthAt zaurya tyAga aura buddhi prAdikA mukhya nAyakakI prapekSA] 'kicidUnam' arthAt kama hai| aura yaha [pramukhya nAyaka kArikA 26 tathA 32 meM prathama vivekameM kahe hue] 'patAkA' tathA 'prakarI' nAyaka samajhane caahie| aba prAge pratinAyakakA lakSaNa karate haiM[sUtra 250] -pratinAyaka lobhI, dhIroddhata, pApI pora vyasanI hotA hai| [13] 166 / mukhya nAyakakA virodhI nAyaka 'pratinAyaka' kahalAtA hai| jaise rAma aura pudhiSThirake viroSI rAbaraNa aura duryodhana mAdi / / [13] 166 //
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________________ 376 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 166, sU0 251-52 atha vidUSakAdInAM prakRti keSAzillakSaNaM cAha[sUtra 251]-nIcA vidUSaka-klIba-zakAra-viTa-kiGkarAH / hAsyAyAdyo nRpe zyAlaH zakArastvekavid viTaH // . [14]. 167 / / 'klIbo' napuMsakaH / eSAM nIcatvaM naisargikam / svAmicittAnurodhAdopAdhika tu madhyamatvamapi / tatrAdyo vidUSako hAsyanimittaM bhavati / hAsyaM cAsya aMga-nepathya-bacovikArAt tredhaa| tatrAMgahAsyaM khlti-khnyj-dntur-vikRtaanntvaadinaa| nepthyhaasymtyaaytaambrtvollokit-vilokit-gmnaadinaa| vacohAsyamasambaddhAnarthakAzlIlabhASaNAdinA bhavati / 'nRpe' nRpasya sambandhI 'zyAlaH' patnIbhrAtA / nIcatvAdeva cAyaM hInajAtiH / 'hAsyAya' iti atrApi sambandhAnna sarvo rAjaputrAdinapazyAlaH zakAra', kintarhi vikRtahAmyahetuH paricAraka eva / eka rAjopayogi kizcida gItAdiSu madhye vetti iti ekavid, viTo jJeya iti / / [14] 167 // ____ atha dhIroddhatAdInAM netR NAM pratyeka vibhinnAn vidUSakAnAha[sUtra 252]-snigdhA dhIroddhatAdInAM yayaucityaM viyoginAm / liMgI dvijo rAjajIvI ziSyazcaite vidUSakAH // [15] 168 // aba prAge vidUSaka prAviko prakRti aura unameMse kinhIMke lakSaNa kahate haiM [sUtra 166]-vidUSaka napuMsaka zakAra viTa aura bhRtya prAdi nIca [pAtra hote haiM] unameMse pahalA [arthAt vidUSaka] hAsyake [utpanna karane] kelie hotA hai| rAjAkA [nIca jAtIya] sAlA 'zakAra' kahalAtA hai| [rAjAke upayogI nRtya gItAdi] kisI eka bAtako jAnane vAlA 'viTa' kahalAtA hai| [14] 167 / / ___ 'klIba' arthAt npusk| inakA nIcatva svAbhAvika hotA hai| kintu svAmIke cittake anusAra aupAdhika rUpase madhyamatva bhI ho sakatA hai| unameMse pahalA arthAt vidUSaka [sabake lie hAsyajanaka hotA hai / isakA hAsya (1) aMma, (2) veSa-bhUSA tathA (3) vacanoMse | utpanna] tIna prakArakA hotA hai| jaise gaMjApana, laMgar3Apana, bAhara nikalate hue yA Upara baiThe hue dAMtoM aura vikRta mukha prAdise praGga-hAsya hotA haiM / atyanta lambe-caur3e astroMse Upara tAkane, idhara-udhara dekhane aura gamana prAdike dvArA nepathyahAsya hotA hai| aura asaMbaddha anarthaka tathA alIla bhASaNa prAdike dvArA vacana-mUlaka hAsya utpanna hotA hai / 'nRpe' arthAt rAjAkA sambandhI / 'zyAla' arthAt patnIkA bhAI / nIca [pAtroMmeM parigaNita] honeke kAraNa hI vaha nIca jAtikA hotA hai| 'hasyAya' isa padakA yahA~ [zyAlake sAtha bhI saMbaMdha honese rAjAke rAjaputra prAdi (uttamajAtIya sAre sAle 'zakAra' nahIM hote haiM apitu vikRti hAsyake kAraNabhUta [nIcajAtIya] paricAraka [ rUpasAlA ] hI ['zakAra' kahalAtA hai / viTake lakSaNa meM pAe hue 'ekavit' padakA artha karate haiM] gItAdimeMse rAjAke upayogI kisI eka ko jAnatA hai isalie 'ekavit' viTa kahalAtA hai / / [14 | 167 // aba prAge dhIroddhata mAdi nAyakoM se pratyekake alaga-alaga vidUSakoM [ke lakSaNoMko
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________________ kA0 167, sU0 252-53 ] caturyoM vivekaH [ 377 snigdhAH' suhRdaH / 'Adi' zabdAd dhIrodAtta-dhIralalita-dhIraprazAntA gRhaante| epAM 'viyoginAM' vipralambhazRGgAravatAM aucityAnatikrameNa liMgyAdayo yathAsaMbhavaM sandhi vigraheNa, vigraha sandhinA ca vizeSeNa dUSayanti vinAzayanti, vipralambha tu vinodadAnena vismArayanti iti 'viduusskaaH'| ucitazca liMgI devatAnA, brAhmaNasya ziSyaH, rAjJAM tu ziSyavarjAstrayaH / evaM vaNigAderapIti / / [15] 168 // athepAmeva dhIroddhatAdInAM sahAyAnAha[sUtra 253]-yuvraaj-cmuunaath-purodhH-scivaadyH| __ sahAyA etadAyattakava lalitaH punaH // [16] 166 // __ 'Adi' zabdAdATavika-sAmantAdayastApasAdayazca gRhyante / ete ca kecidarthakAmayoH shaayaaH| kecid dhrmshaayaaH| tathA sahAyAyattasiddhireva dhIralalitaH / sahAyatryApArazca nAyakatryApAra eva, etAvada patvAnnAyakasya / dhIroddhatAdayastu svaanya-ubhayasiddhayaH iti / [16] 166 // kahate haiM - [satra 252 }-dhIroddhata Adi nAyakoMke (snigdhAH arthAt mitra aura viyogiyoM ke praucityake anusAra ligo [arthAt brahmacArI yA sanyAsI prAvi bAhmaNa rAjajIvI tathA ziSya pAvi vidUSaka hote haiN| [15] 168 / / snigdha' arthAt mitra / [dhIroddhata padake sAtha jur3e hue] 'mAdi' zabase dhorIvAsa, pIralalita tathA dhIraprazAMta nAyakoMkA bhI grahaNa hotA hai| inake 'viyogI' prati vipralamabhaMgArayukta honepara yathAsambhava liMgo prAdi [vidUSaka] aucitya ke anusAra hote haiN| pAne vidUSaka zabdakA nibaMcana dikhalAte haiM] sandhiko vigrahotpAdanake dvArA tathA vigrahako sambi. anana dvArA vizeSa rUpase dUSita arthAt vinaSTa karate haiM aura vipralambhako manoraMjana pravAma karaneke dvArA vinaSTa karate haiM isalie 'vidUSaka kahalAte haiN| devatAmoMke lie [ligI arthAt] balabArI [yA saMnyAso], brAhmaNake lie ziSya, praura rAjAke lie ziSyako chor3akara zeSa tInoM vidyaka ucita haiM / isI prakAra vaNig prAdi bhI [praucityAnusAra vidUSaka samajha lene cAhie // [16] 168 // praba mAge kinhIM dhIrodata mAdi [nAyakoM] ke sahAyakoMkA varNana karate haiM [sUtra 253] --yuvarAja, senApati, purohita aura saciva mAdi [ina dhorokta mAdi nAyakoMke sahAyaka hote haiM / aura dhoralalita [nAyaka] to ina [sahAyakoM ke prAyatta-siddhi vAlA hI hotA hai / [arthAt svayaM kArya nahIM karatA hai| sahAyakoMke dvArA hI dhoralalita nAyakake sAre kAryokA sampAdana hotA hai / [17] 166 / _ 'prAdi' zamse vanAdhyakSa [prAvika] tathA sAmanta aura tApasa prAvikA grahaNa hotA hai| isameMse kucha artha tayA kAma [ko siti] meM sahAyaka hote haiM / kucha dharma [ko siDi] meM sahAyaka hote haiM aura dhIralalita [nAyaka] sahAyAyattasiddhi hI hotA hai / sahAyakoMkA vyApAra nAyakakA hI vyApAra mAnA jAtA hai| kyoMki [dhIralalita] nAyaka isI sahAyAyatasivi ke rUpameM hotA hai| mahAyAyattasiddhi dhoralalita nAyakako chor3akara] dhIroddhata prAvi zeiSa tIna prakArake nAyaka] to (1) svAyattasiDi, (2) anyAyattasiddhi aura (3) ubhayAyatasiddhi
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________________ 378 ] nATyadapaNama [ kA0 170, sU0 252-53 atha zuddhAntocita parivAramAha[sU0 254]-zuddhAnte kAruko dvAHsthaH kaMcukI zubhakarmariNa / varSavarastu rakSAyAM, nirmuNDaH preSaNe striyAH // kAryAkhyAne pratIhArI, rakSA-svastyormahattarA / pUrvatividhau vRddhA, citrAdau zilpakArikA // . [17] 170 // [18] 171 / / zuddhAntamantaHpuraM, tasminnAcAravAna Aryo hInasatvaH pumAna 'kArakaH' / sa dvArapAlo dakSo napuMsakaH / 'kaMcukI' adRSyajAtiH strIgvabhAvaH / tunchasatvo vinItazca 'vrssvrH'| atiniHsattvo'karma karazca nimuNDaH' / sa ca ntrINAM dAsyAdInAM prepaNakArakaH / 'rakSA' bhUtyAdikarma / 'svasti'maGgalavAcanama / 'citra' patra-vallayAdi / 'Adi'zabdAd gandha-puSpa-zilpa-zayyA Asana-cchatra-maNDana saMvAhana-zrAkrIDa vyaja nAdigraha iti // [17-18) 17.1.5 // atha nAyikA lakSayati---- [sU0 255] -nAyikA kulajA divyA kSatriyA paNyakAminI / antimA lalitodAttA pUrvodAttA tridhA pare // [16] 172 // tIna prakArake hote haiM / / 17] 166 / / . pratra mAge aMtaHpurake upayogI paricAraka-yA kA varNana karate haiM--- , sUtra 254] --antaHpura meM (1) kAruka, dvArapAsa, kaMcukI zubhakAmameM, (2) rakSAmeM varSavara, (3) striyoMke preSaNa prAdimeM nirmuNDa, ye kAryakartA hote haiM puruSa / [17] 170 / ___ kAryako sUcanA dene meM pratIhArI. bhabhUta Adi dene aura svastivAcanameM mehatarAnI, pUrva-paramparA vidhike pAlanameM vRddhA aura citrAdi racanAmeM zilpakArikA | ye striyA kAryakatroM hotI haiN| [16] 171 // zuddhAntakA artha antaHpura hai| usame sadAcArI, zreSTha aura pauruSahIna puruSa 'kAruka' [vizeSa kAryakatA honA caahie| dvAragAla catura namaka honA caahie| utama jAti kA aura strIsvabhAva vAlA [puruSa kabuko honA caahie| nyUna pauruSa vAlA aura vinIta (puruSa varSavara [anta pura-rakSaka honA caahie| atyanta pauruSahIna aura akarmaNya nimaNDa | hotA hai| vaha dAsI. prAdhi striyoM ko idhara-udhara bhejanevAlA hotA hai| [kArikAke rakSAsvastyomahattarA bhAga meM prayukta 'rakSA' pada bhabhUta prAdi dene ke prathameM prayukta hai| svasti arthAt maMgala vAcana / citra arthAt patravallI prAdi | ko racanA / prAdi zabdase gandha-puSpa, zilpazayyA-mAsana-chatra, maNDana saMvAhana, khilaunA aura paMkhe prAdikA praharapa hotA hai / / 170-171 // praba mAge nAyikAke lakSaNako kahate haiM ... sUtra 255] kulajA divyA kSatriyA aura vezyA [cAra prakArako nAyikA hotI hai| unameMse antima prarthAt vezyA nAyikA lalitodAtta ho] hotI hai / aura pahalI [arthAt
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________________ kA0 172, sU0 256 } caturthI vivekaH 376 'kulajA' vipra-vaNigAdikulasambhUtA / 'pratimA' iti paNyakAminI lalitodAttA rUpakeSu varNanIyA kAmArthapradhAnatvAt / 'pUrvA' kulajA punarudAttA, naya-vinayagurubhItyAdibahulatvAna / 'pare' dvAbhyAmanye / tridhA dhairya - lAlitya - udAttatvena triprakAre / divyottamajAtitvAbhyAM kAmArthaniSThatvAcca / zAntatvaprakArastu bhogabhUmijatvena divyAnAM divyAmAhAcaryeNopAttatvAcca kSatriyANAM naiva gRhyate iti / / [16] 172 / / athAsAM vizeSamAha - [ sUtra 256 ] - rAgiNyevAprahasane nRpe divye ca na prabhau / gaNikA kvApi divyA tu bhavedeSA mahIbhujaH // [20] 173 // prahasanavarjite rUpake gaNikA nAyikA rAgiNyeya vidheyA / yathA mRcchakaTikAyAM cArudattasya vasantasenA / prahasane tu hAmyanimittaM araktApi / nRpa-divyanAyakayozca gaNikA na nAyikA nibandhanIyA / epA gariekA yadi divyA bhavati, tadA rAjJaH 'kvApi' iti, vRttAnurodhAnnAyikAtvena bhavati / yathorvazI purUravasaH / 'nRpe divye ca na prabhau' ityasyApavAdo'yamiti / / [20] 173 // kulajA nAyikA ] udAtta hotI hai| zeSa donoM divyA aura kSatriyA [dhIrA, lalitA aura udAsA] tIna prakArakI hotI haiM / [16] 172 / kulajA arthAt brAhmaNa yA vaNik prAdike kulameM utpanna huI / [ kSatriyA nAyikA alaga ginAI hai isalie kulajAko vyAkhyA meM kSatriyAkA praharaNa na karake brAhmaNa yA vaMzya kulopanAkA hI varNana kiyA hai ] / pratimA arthAt [paNyakAminI] vezyA nAyikA rUpakoM meM lalitodAttA hI varNana karanI caahie| pUrvA prarthAt pahilI kulajA nAyikA nIti vinaya aura gurupra [ mAtA pitA zrAdi] se bhayase yukta honeke kAraNa udAttA hI [varNanIya hotI hai ] 'pare' arthAt [ vezyA tathA kulajA ] ina donoMse bhinna [divyA tathA kSatriyA rUpa] zeSa donoM [ prakArakI nAyikAe~| dhIrA, lalitA tathA udAttA rUpa honese tIna prakArakI hotI hai| divya tathA uttama jAtivAlI honese aura kAma tathA prarthaniSTha honese [divya tathA kSatriyA nAyikAe~ dhIrA, lalitA tathA udAtA ] tIna prakArako hotI hai| divya nAyikAoMke bhogabhUmimeM utpanna honeke kAraNa aura kSatriyA nAyikAdyoMke divyoMke sAhacayaMse prApta honeke kAraNa dhIrazAnta vAlA cauthe prakArakA nahIM liyA jAtA hai| [arthAt dhIra prazAnta nAyakake samAna dhIrazAnta nAyikA varNanIya nahIM hotI hai] / / [16] 172 / / [sUtra 256] aba ina [nAyikAoM] ke vizeSa bhedako kahate haiM- prahasana se bhinna rUpakoMmeM gaNikA nAyikA anurAgiNI ho nibaddha karanI cAhie / [prahasana meM anurAga rahita gaNikA nAyikA bhI ho sakatI hai]| rAjA aura divya nAyakoMke sAtha gaNikA nAyikAkA varNana nahIM karanA caahie| kahIM-kahIM yaha gaNikA nAyikA yadi divya ho to usakA rAjAke sAtha sambandha varNana ho sakatA hai / [20] 173 / prahasana se bhinna rUpoMmeM gaNikA nAyikA anurAgiNI hI dikhalAnI caahie| jaise mRcchakaTika meM cAvalako vasantasenA [ anurAgiNI nAyikA hai ] / prahasana meM to hAsya [janana]
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________________ 380 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 174, sU0 257-56 athAsAM traividhyamAha - [ sUtra 257 ] - mugdhA madhyA pragalmeti trividhAH syurimAH punaH / imAH kulajAdaya iti / atha mugdhA [ satra 258 ] - mugdhA vAmA rate svatvamAnA rohadvayaH - smarA // [21] 174 // rataM surataM; tatra viparItA anabhijJatvAt / ata evepdiirssyaa-kopaa| rohata pravardha - mAnaM vayo yauvanaM smarazca yasyA iti / / [24] 174 // atha madhyA [ sUtra 256 ] - madhyA madhyavayaH -kAma-mAnA mUrchAntamohanA / madhyA anadhirUDhaprauDhavayaHyaH -kAma-mAnA yasyAH / mUrddhAntaM zracaitanyaparyavasAyi mohana surataM kiMcidabhijJatvAdasyAH / eSA ca dhIrA adhIrA dhIrAdhIrA ceti tridhA / tatra dhIrA kRtAgasi priye sotprAsavakroktiparA / adhIrA sAzruparuSabhASiNI / dhIrAdhIrA sAtmAsaM paruSavakroktiva / dinIti / 1 kAraNa anurAgahIna [gaNikA nAyikA ] bhI ho sakatI hai| rAjA aura divya nAyakoM ke sAtha gaNikA nAyikAkA varNana nahIM karanA caahie| kintu yaha gaNikA yadi divya ho to 'kvApi' isa kathana se kathAvastuke anurodhase kabhI rAjAko nAyikA bhI ho sakatI haiN| jaise urvazI purUravAkI [nAyikA hai] / 'nRpe divye ca na prabhoM' rAjA aura divya nAyakake sAtha gaNikAkA varNana nahIM karanA cAhie' isa [pUrvokta niyama] kA yaha apavAda hai jisameM vikraya gamikAko rAjAkI nAyikA rUpameM varNana karanekI anumati dI gaI hai] / / [20] 1736 ina [nAyikAnoM ] ke tIna bheda batalAte haiM [sUtra 257 ] [ kulajA divyA kSatriyA aura garikA ] ye [ cAroM nAyikAe~] phira mugdhA madhyA aura pragalbhA [bhevase] tIna prakArakI hotI hai / ye arthAt kulajA Adi [cAroM nAyikAeM inameM se pratyeka ke tIna-tIna bheda hote haiM : kula milAkara bAraha bheda ho jAte haiM ] / We mugdhA [nAyikAkA lakSaraga karate haiN| [ sUtra 258 ] -- ' yovana aura kAmake uThAvapara sthita' svalpa mAna vAlI tathA suratavyApAra meM pratikUla nAyikA 'mugdhA' nAyikA kahalAtI hai | 21] 174 aba Age madhyA [ nAyikAkA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 256 ] - madhyama prAyu, madhyama kAma aura madhyama mAna vAlI tathA suratakAla meM [zrAnandAtireka se ] mUrchA paryanta pahu~ca jAnevAlI madhyA nAyikA hotI hai / madhyama arthAt praprauDha, jisakI Ayu, kAma tathA mAna [ aprauDha ] hote haiM [ vaha madhyA nAmikA kahalAtI hai ] mUrchAnta prarthAt pracaitanya paryanta jisakA 'mohana' arthAt sUta-vyApAra hotA hai ! kyoMki vaha [suratAnandase] kucha paricita ho cukI hai / aura yaha dhIrA pradhIrA tathA dhIrAdhIrA bhedase tIna prakArakI hotI | unameM se priyake (pranyastrI-sambandharUpa] aparAdha-yukta
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________________ kA0 175, sU0 260-62 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 31 atha pragalbhA[sUtra 260] -pragalbheddhavayo-manyu-kAmA sparze'pyacetanA // [22] 175 // iddhA dIptA vayo-manyu-kAmA yasyAH / priyeNa spRSTApi prakRSTakAmatvAdeSA caitanya mucati / eSApi madhyAvat triprkaaraa| tatra dhIrA kRtAgasi priye sAvahitthAdarA kRtaudAsInyA ca rte| adhIrA sntrjn-taaddnpraa| ghorAdhIrA sotpAsavakroktipareti // [22] 175 / / atha prakArAntareNa nAyikAnAM prasiddhAna bhedAnAha[satra 261]-kAryataH proSite patyAvabhaSA proSitapriyA / kArya dhanArjana-rAjaprayojanAdi, tasmAd dezAntaraM gate priye, abhUSA kezasammArjanAdibhUSArahiteti / atha vipralabdhA[sUtra 262]-vipralabdhA sasaMkete preSya dUtImanAgate // [23] 176 // honepara vyaMgyapUrNa tAne dene vAlI hotI hai| adhIrA rote hue kaThora vacana kahane vAlI hotI hai| aura pIrAdhIrA rote hue vyaMgya aura kaThora tAne sunAtI hai| .. aba bhAge pragalbhA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate hai]___ [sUtra 26.] -pUrNa rUpase dosa mApu, kAma tavA mAna bAlI aura priyake] sva. mAtrase [mAnandAtireka se ] machita ho jAne vAlI [nAvikA pragalamA nAyikA kahalAtI hai| [22] 175 / / isa aryAta hopta prAyu, mAna tathA kAma jisake haiM vaha [iDavayo-manyu-kAma huI / atyanta upa kAma-vAsanAse yukta honeke kAraNa yaha [pragalbhA nAyikA priyatamake sparzamAtrase bhI hoza-hanAsa bhUla jAtI hai| yaha bhI madhyAkI taraha [pIrA-mIrA aura dhIrAdhIrA bhebase] tIna prakArako hotI hai| unameMse dhIrA priyake aparAdhI honepara apane prAkArako chipAte hue [priyake prati] pAdara pradarzita karatI hai, kintu surata-vyApArameM, udAsIna ho jAtI hai|. praSorA [priyako] DoTa-phaTakAra karatI aura mAra taka lagAtI hai| dhIrAdhIrA vyaMgyapUrNa tAne sunAtI hai [22] // 175 // aba mAge nAyikAoMke anya prakArase prasiddha mevoMko kahate haiM [sUtra 261]-kAryavaza priyake bAhara cale jAnepara zarIrakI sajAvaTa na karanevAlI proSitapatikA nAyikA kahalAtI hai| __ kArya arthAt dhanopArjana athavA rAjAkA prayojana prAdi, usake kAraNa priyake dezAMtara ko cale Anepara bhUSArahita praryAta kezaprasAdhana prAdi rUpa bhUSAse rahita [nAyikA 'proSitpatikA' kahalAtI hai / prAya mAge vipalabdhA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 262]- [nAyikAke sAtha milaneko saMketa karake aura dUtIko bheja - bhI [priyake] ma mAnepara [nAyikA] 'vipratamdhA-nAyikA' kahalAtI hai / [23] 176 //
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________________ 382 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 177, sU0 263-65 patyAviti sarveSu stro bhedeSu smaraNIyam / tena kAryataH kRtasaMketaM dUtIM vA preyAnAgate patyau 'vipralabdhA' iti sambandhaH || [23] 176 // atha khaNDitA [ sUtra 263 ] - khaNDitA khaNDayatyanyAsaktyA vAsakamIyitA / aparatryabhiSvaMgAducitaM vAsakarma kurvANe priye zrasUyAvatI khaNDitA / vipralabdhAyAM nAnyatryAsaktirityasyA bhedaH iti / atha kalahAntaritA [ sUtra 264 ] - IrSyAkalaha niSkrAnte kalahAntaritAtibhAk // [24] 177 // IrSyAkalahena tatsamIpAnniSkAnte tatsavidhamanAgacchati priye pIDAvatI kalahAntariteti / atreya yA kalahapUrvakaM parasparamasaMyogAbhilASaH / pUrvatra tu nAyikA samAgamArthinI kalahAbhAvAt, kintu anyAsaMgini priye IrSyAmAtravatIti vizeSa iti / / [24] 177 / / atha virahotkaNThitA [ sUtra 265 ] - vilambayatyadoSe'pi virahotkaNThitotsukA / 'patya' yaha pada saba striyoM [arthAt saba nAyikAoM ] ke sAtha samajha lenA cAhie / isalie kAryavaza milanekA saMketa karake aura dUtoMko bheja karake bhI kAryavaza patike na thA sakanepara vipralabdhA nAyikA hotI hai yaha saMbandha hai || [23] 176 // aba prAge khaNDitA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 263 ] - khaNDitA nAyikA [patikI ] anya strIke prati prAsaktike kAraNa IrSyAyukta hokara [ anya strIke pAsa jAte samaya usake] vastroM ko khaNDita kara detI hai / anya strIke prati prAsaktike kAraNa sundara vastra zrAdiko dhAraNa karate samaya patike prati prasUyAvatI nAyikA 'khaNDitA' kahalAtI hai| vipralabdhA nAyikA ] meM [ usake patimeM dUsare strIke prati prAsakti nahIM hotI hai yaha [ khaNDitA tathA vipralabdhA kA ] bheda, hai / zrama prAge kalahAntaritA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 264 ] - IrSyA- kalahake kAraNa patike bAhara cale jAnepara duHkhI hone vAlI 'kalahAntaritA' nAyikA kahalAtI hai / [24] 177 / for free kAraNa usa [strI] ke pAsase priyake nikala jAne aura samIpameM na zrAne para pIDA anubhava karane vAlI nAyikA kalahAntaritA' hotA hai / isameM IrSyA ke kAraNa prApasa meM milane kI icchA nahIM hotI hai / pahilI [ khaNDitA] nAyikA to kalaha na hone ke kAraNa samAgama ke lie icchuka hai, kintu anya ke sAtha sambandha rakhane vAle priya ke viSaya meM kevala IrSyA vAlI hai yaha bheda hai / [24] 177 // aba Age virahotkaNThitA [ nAyikAkA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 265 ] - apanA koI aparAdha na honepara bhI [ anya strIke prati prAsakti ke kAraraNa pAsa zrAnemeM] vilamba karanepara utsukA [nAyikA ] virahotkati kahalAtI hai /
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________________ kaoN0 178, su0 266-67 ] caturtho vivekaH 33 anyanArIvyAsaMgAdinA prastutastrIkRtAparAdhAbhAve'pitatrAgantakAme'pi vilamba kurvANe patyau nAyakotsukA satI virhotknntthitaa| atra priyAgamanamacirAivazyambhAvi, parasparaM kalahazca nAstIti sarvAbhyo bhinneyamiti / atha vAsakasajjA[sUtra 266] -hRSTA vAsakasajjAtmAnyalaMkRtiparaSyati // [25] 178 // priyeNa saha rAjyAdivasanaM vAsakaH / tatrocite udyamaparA / 'eSyati' vivakSitaH kAlAgamanavati priye svamaNDanavatI nAyikA vAsakasajjA / pUrvAsu sarvAsu vipralambhazRGgAro 'tra tu sambhogazRGgAra iti bhedaH / [25] 178 // atha svAdhInabhatkA[sUtra 267] -subhagammAninI vazyAsanne svaadhiinbhrtRkaa| ___ subhagamAtmAnaM manyate yA nAyikA sA vazye Asanne ca patyau etadIyarUpa. yauvanAdyAkSiptahRdayasvAt svAdhInabhartRkA / Asannavartipriyatamatvena pUrvAsyA bhinneyamiti // prastuta strIkA aparAdha na honepara mI usa [apanI] strIke prati pAneko icchA rakhate hue bhI dUsarI strIke pAsa hone prAvike kAraNa patike vilamba karanepara nAyaphase milanake lie utsuka nAyikA 'virahotkaNThitA nAyikA' kahalAtI hai| usameM priyakA prAgamana zIghra hI avazya hone vAlA praura paraspara kalaha nahIM hai isalie yaha pUrvako saba nAyikAmoM se bhinna hai| aba mAge vAsakasamA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 266]-patike prAnekI prAzA honepara prasanna hokara apaneko sajAnemeM lagI huI nAyikA 'bAsakasajA' kahalAtI hai| [25] 178 / rAtri mAviko priyake sAtha rahanA 'vAsaka' hai| usake yogya vyApArameM lagI huI [pAsakasajA kahalAtI hai] / 'eSyati' arthAt priyake vivakSita kAlapara prAgamana karanekI mAzA honepara apaneko sajAne meM lagI huI nAyikA 'vAsakasajjA' kahalAtI hai| pahale kahI huI [proSitpatikA se lekara 'virahotkaSThitA' taka pAMca saba nAyikAmoMmeM vipralambha zrRMgAra hai| isa [chaThI bAsakasamjA] meM sambhoga zrRMgAra hai yaha isakA anya saba nAyikAmoMse bhera hai|| [25] 178 // aba mAge svAdhInamatakA [nAyikAkA lakSaNa karate haiM]-. [sUtra 267]-[patike] apane vazameM aura sadA samIpavartI honepara apaneko supara samajhane vAlI nAyikA svAdhInabhatkA' kahalAtI hai| . jo nAyikA apaneko sumbara samajhatI hai vaha patike apane .bA. aura samIpavartI honepara usake rUpa yauvana pArise harAyake vazIbhUta ho jAnele svAdhInamatakA kahanAtI hai| ..priyake samIpa upasthita honeke bhArata yaha picanI mircAt bAlabacyA nApina
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________________ 384 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 176, sU0 268-66 athAbhisArikA --- [ sUtra 268 ] - sarantI sArayantI vA riraMsurabhisArikA // [26] 176 // sarantI svayaM tasya pArzve, sArayantI vA taM priyamAtmasamIpe / riraMsuH suratArthinI nAyikA abhisArikA / atra nAyikAyAH priyasannidhau gamanamiti bhedaH iti || [26] 176 // 'atha strINAM yauvanasthAna dharmAnAha [ sUtra 266 ] - bhAvAdyA yauvane strIraNAmalaGkArAstrayo'GgajAH / daza svAbhAvikAzcaite kriyArUpAstrayodaza / / [27] 180 // sati bhoge guragAH saptAyatnajAzca svabhAvajAH / nAvazyambhAvino'thaiSA, vizatiH strISu mukhyataH // [ 28 ] 181 // yauvane uttamaprakRtInAM ca, vanitAnAM ca bhAva-hAvAdayo'laMkArAH kaTaka-keyUrAdivad vapurvibhUSAhetavaH prAdurbhavanti / bAlye'pi kiMcidunmIlanti / vArdhake tu prAcurye nazyanti / ete ca yauvane strINAM prAdhAnyato'laMkArAH / puMsAM tUtsAhAdayo mukhyato aba mAge 'abhisArikA' [nAyikAkA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] - [ sUtra 268 ] - |- ramaNa karanekI icchA se svayaM [priyake pAsa] jAne vAlI prathavA priya ko apane pAsa bulAne vAlI nAyikA abhisArikA kahalAtI hai / [26] 176 / 'sarantI' arthAt svayaM usake pAsa jAtI huI prathavA 'sArayantI' prarthAt usa priyako apane pAsa bulAne vAlI / riraMsu arthAt suratAbhilASiNI nAyikA abhisArikA kahalAtI hai / isameM nAyikA svayaM priyake pAsa jAtI hai [ aura svAdhInabhartRkAmeM priya nAyikA ke pAsa upasthita rahatA hai] yaha [svAdhInabhartRkAse isakA ] bheda hai| [26] 176 // aurge striyoMke [arthAt nAyikAnoMke] yauvanameM hone vAle dharmoko kahate haiM [ sUtra 266 ] - yovanakAlameM striyoMke bhAva Adi tIna AMgika aura dasa svAbhA vika pralaMkAra hote haiN| ye terahoM [ pralaGkAra dravya rUpa na hokara ] kriyA rUpa hote haiM / [27] 180 / [priyakA] sambhoga honepara binA prayatnake utpanna hone vAle sAta svAbhAvika guNa hote haiM jo avazyambhAvI nahIM hote haiN| ye bIsa [13+7= 20 ] guNa mukhya rUpase striyoM meM rahate haiN| [28] 181 / yauvana meM uttama prakRti vAle [puruSoM] aura striyoM meM bhAva hAva bhAvi alaGkAra kaTakakeyUra prAvike samAna zarIrakI zobhAke janaka utpanna ho jAte hai / bAlyAvasthAmeM bhI kuchakucha udita hote haiM, aura vRddhAvasthA meM adhikAMza prAyaH naSTa ho jAte haiN| yauvanameM me striyoMke mukhya rUpase zralaGkAra hote haiN| puruSoMke to utsAhAdi mukhya rUpase alaGkAra hote haiN| isIlie uddhatAdi nAyakoMke sAtha dhIratva vizeSaNa kahA gayA hai| puruSoMmeM bhAvAdi
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________________ kA0 182, sU0 270 1 caturtho vivekaH 35. 'laMkArAH / tena nAyakabhedeSuddhatAdiSu dhIratvaM vizeSaNamuktam / bhAvAdayastu puruSANAM utsAhAdyAcchAditA eva bhavantIti te gaunnaaH| bhAvAdInAM ca viMzatisaMkhyAtvamatrodiSTabhedApekSayA, aparathA yauvane vanitAlaMkArANAmanantasaMkhyAtvameva / tatra prathame trayo aMgAd, yauvanodbodhazAlinaH priyadRSTi-vastra-mAlyAdibAhyanimittarahitAdgAtramAtrAjjAyante / tebhyaH pare daza svasmAd ratilakSaNAd bhAvAt priyopbhogaanupbhogyorjaaynte| ete ca daza eka-dvi-tryAdivikalpena bhAvAnnAvazyambhAvinaH / athAMgajAHsvAbhAvi: kAzca kriyArUpAH strIceSTAtmakAH / militAzca tryodshsNkhyaaH| tataH pare sapta yatnaM antaHparispandaM vinA dehadharmarUpAH puruSopabhoge sati bhavanti / pUrve tu ceSTAtmakAH / icchAto yatnastato dehaceSToti yatlajA iti // [27-28] 180-181 // (1) atha bhAvAdInAM pratyekazo lakSaNamAha[sUtra 270]-bhAvo vAgAdivaziSTa yaM cihna ratyuttamatvayoH / vAcAM, zrAdizabdAt kara-pAdAdInAM vaiziSTa yaM hRdyo vikAraH aMtargataratibhAvasya pAmaranAyikAvalakSaNyena uttamaprakRtitvasya ca nishcyheturbhaavH| bhavati hi tathAbhUtaM vAgAdivaicitryamupalabhya buddho'yamantaHkAmapradIporayA iti, uttamaprakRtizca nAyikeyamiti sahRdayasya nizcaya iti / / [malabAra] utsAhAdi [puraSocita alaGkAroM se mAcchAdita hI hote haiM isalie [puruSoMne] unako gauraNa kahA gayA hai| bhAva prAviko bIsa saMkhyA yahA~ ginAe gae bosa] bhAvoMkI dRSTise hI hai| vaise to yauvanameM striyoMke alaGkAroM kI saMkhyA ananta hotI hai| una [bosa malayAroM] meMse [bhAva-hAva aura helA ye] pahale tIna yauvanodayase yukta zarIrameM priyake dekhane athavA vastra-mAlya Adike binA bAhya sAdhanoMke binA kevala zarIramAtrase utpanna hote haiM [isIlie inako aMgaja kahA gayA hai| aura unase agale basa svayaM apane ratirUpa bhAvase priyakA upabhoga hone yA na honepara utpanna hote haiM / ye basa [alaGkAra kahIM eka, kahIM do, mA kahIM tIna mAvi rUpase bhI utpanna ho sakate haiM / isalie ve pravazyambhAvI nahIM hote haiN| pora aMgaja tathA svAbhAvika sabhI alakAra kriyArUpa arthAt striyoMke ceSTAtmaka hote haiN| [jaMgala tathA svAbhAvika donoM prakArake alaGkAroMko] milAkara teraha saMkhyA hotI hai| unake bAba sAta [alara] puruSakA upabhoga ho jAne ke bAda [striyoM ke bhItara] yatna arthAt bhItarI myApArake binA hI baha dharmake rUpameM prakaTa hote haiN| pahale tiraha] to ceSTAtmaka hote haiN| [para ye sAta ceSTAtmaka nahIM apitu deha dharmarUpa hote haiM yaha inakA bheva hai]. icchAse mana hotA hai| yaranase veha-ceSTA hotI hai| isalie biha-ceSTAtmaka pahale teraha alavarayasta [mora antima sAta alaGkAra prayatna hote haiM / / [27-28) 180-181 // aba mAge bhAva mAdike alaga-alaga sakSaraNa karate haiMrati paura uttamatvako sUcaka vANI Adiko vizeSatAko 'bhAva' kahate haiN| [satra 270]-bApIkA aura prAdi zabdase hAtha-paira prAvikA ziSTaya prati manohara viphAra, bhItara rahane vAle rati-bhAvazA mora pAmara nAyikAse bhinna uttama prakRtitya nizmAyaka cihna, 'bhAva' kahalAtA hai / usa prakArake vANI mAvika siMhako dekhakara isake bhItara kAma-pradIpa prajvalita ho gayA hai isa prakArakA aura yaha nAmikA uttama
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________________ 386 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 183, sU0 271-72 (2) atha hAvaH - [satra 271]-netrAdivikRtaM hAvaH sazRGgAramasantatam // [26] 182 // netrayoH, AdizabdAd bhra-cibuka-grIvAdezca sAtizayo vikAraH zRGgArocita udbhidyodbhidya vizrAntimattvenAsantato hAva iti // [26] 182 / / (3) atha helA[sUtra 272] -tadeva santataM helA, tAruNyodbodhazAlinI / * tadeva sAtizayaM netrAdivikRtaM santataM prasaraNazIlaM sazRGgAraM samucitavibhAvavizeSopagrahavirahAdaniyataviSayaM prabuddharatibhAvasamanvitaM helA / asyAM ca tAruNyasya prakarSagamanam / ete ca trayo'GgajAH parasparasamutthitA api bhavanti / tathA hi kumArIzarIre prauDhatamakumAragata-hAva-bhAva-helAdarzana-zravaNAbhyAM bhAvAdayo'nurUpA virUpAzca bhavanti / kintUttarAnapekSya eva bhaavH| hAvastu bhAvApekSaH / hAvApekSiNI ca helA / pUrvapUrvotkarSarUpatvAdanayoriti / prakRtiko hai isa prakArakA nizcaya sahRdayoMko ho jAtA hai [isIlie bhAvako rati tathA usamatvakA cihna kahA gayA hai / aba prAge 'hAva' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM [sUtra 271]-zRGgArayukta kintu nirantara na rahanevAlA netrAdikA vikAra 'hAra' kahalAtA hai| [26] 182 // donoM netroMkA, aura prAdi zabdase bhauMha, ThoDI, gardana mAvikA bhUgArake anusa vizeSa prakArakA [vikAra] uTha-uThakara vidhAMta ho jAneke kAraNa nirantara na vidyamAna rahane vAlA vikAra 'hAva' kahalAtA hai / [26]182 // - aba Age 'helA' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 272]-yauvanotkarSapara udita aura nirantara rahanevAlA vahI nivArikA vizeSa prakArakA vikAra] 'helA' kahalAtA hai| zRMgArake anurUpa aura nirantara vidyamAna rahanevAlA netra prArikA vahI vizeSa prakAra kA vikAra kisI vizeSa kAraNa [vibhAva ke sambandhake binA, paniyata-viSaya [arthAt kisI vyakti-vizeSase sambaddha na honevAlAprabuddha sAmAnya ratibhAvase samanvita [vahI netrAdhi kA vizeSa prakArakA vikAra] 'helA' kahalAtA hai| isa [helA] meM yauvanodaya prakarSako prApta ho jAtA hai| [bhAva, hAva aura helA] ye tInoM prAMgika vikAra eka-dUsarese bhI uvita hote haiN| jaise ki kumArIke zarIrameM prauDhatama kumArake bhAva hAva helAko dekhane yA sunanese [usa kumArake prati ruci yA praci honeke kAraNa] anurUpa yA virUpa bhAvAdi utpanna hote haiN| [ye paraspara anyonya bhAvAdi hote haiM ] kintu inameMse bhAva uttaravartI [hAvAdi] kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA aura hAva [apane pUrvavartI] bhAvako apekSA karatA hai [bhAvake binA hAva utpanna nahIM ho sakatA hai| aura hAvake bAda utpanna honevAlI] helA hAvako apekSA karatI hai hAva binA utpanna nahIM hotI hai] ina [hAva tathA helA] donoMke pUrNa-pUrvake utkarSa pa honecha /
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________________ kA0 184, sU0 273-74 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 30 atha svabhAvajeSu prathama vibhramamAha[sUtra 273]-rAgAdinA viparyAsaH kriyAraNAmatha vibhramaH // // [30] 183 // atheti AMgikAnantaryArthaH / rAgaH priyatamaM pratyeva bahumAnaH / AdizabdAnmadaharSAdigrahaH / mado madyakRtazcittollAsaH / harSaH saubhAgyagarvaH / anyathA vaktavye'nyathAvacanaM,hastenAdAtavye pAdenAdAnaM, kaTIyogyasya kaNThe nivezanaM, ityAdikazceSTAviparyAso vibhramaH / viziSTavibhAvalAbhe ratiprakarSAd dehavikArAH svaabhaavikaaH| aMgajAstu viziSTavibhAvamantareNeti vizeSaH / [30]183 // atha vilAsaH[sUtra 274]-vilAsaH priyadRSTyAdau cArutvaM gAtrakarmaNoH / zrAdizabdAt sambhASaNAdigrahaH / cArutvaM tAtkAlikaH sAtizayo vizeSaH / karmasthAnAsana-gamana-nirIkSaNAdiceSTeti / atha vicchittiH arthAta apane pUrvavartI bhAvake utkarSa rUpa honese hAva, bhAvakI apekSA karatA hai aura apane pUrvavartI hAbake utkarSa-rUpa honese helA hAvako apekSA karatI hai / [isa prakAra tIna prakArake prAMgika dharmoko kaha cukaneke bAda] aba prAge svAbhAvika [basa dharmo] meMse pahale 'vibhrama' ko kahate haiM sUtra 273]-rAgAdike kAraNa kiyA ulaTa-pulaTa ho jAnA 'vibhrama' kahalAtA hai|[30]183|| ___'patha' isa zambakA artha prAMgika [dharmoke varNana ke bAda yaha hai / rAga arthAt priyatama ke prati hI atyanta prAdara / pAdi zabdase mada, harSa prAvikA prahaNa hotA hai| mada arthAt mApAnake kAraNa utpanna cittako prsnntaa| harSa arthAt apane saubhAgyakA garva / kucha paura kahaneke sthAna para kucha aura kaha jAnA, hAyase pakar3ane yogyako parase pakar3anA, kamarameM pahimane yogyako galemeM gala senA [yaha saba "kriyANAM viparyayaH', 'vibhrama' kahalAtA hai| viziSTa kAraNa [vibhAva ke prApta honepara ratike prakarSase behameM vikAra honA svAbhAvika hai [ isalie inako svAbhAvika dharma kahA gayA hai aura mAMgika vikAra to vizeSa kArapake binA [zarIramAtrase utpanna hote haiM yaha [ina donoM prakArake dhokA bheva hai] [30]183 // aba mAge 'vilAsa' [kA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [sUtra 274]-priyake varzana prArise zarIra maura koMmeM vizeSa sukumAratA vilAsa' pAri zabdase sambhASaNa mAvikA prahama hotA hai| pAtva arthAt usa samaya ratana honevAlA vizeSa prakArakA saundarya / karma arthAt khar3A honA, baiThanA, balamA aura sanA mAvi pramANe vivitti' [kA mahAse
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________________ 388 1 nATyadarpaNama / kA0 186, sU0 275-78. [sUtra 275]-veSAlpataiva vicchittiH parAM zobhA vitanvatI // // [31]184 // __ svalpApyAkalparacanA prakRtisaubhAgyAdiguNayuktatvAt parAM zobhA striyAM vitanvatI vicchittiriti // [31] 184 // athaM lIlA[sUtra 276]-lIlA dayitavAgAdeH sve nyAso bahumAnataH / AdizabdAda veSa-vyApArAdigrahaH / priyatamaprItyatizayena dayitavAgAdeH sazRGgAraM svasmin nyAsaH samyaka karaNa lIleti / __ atha vizvoka:[sUtra 277]-vivvoko'nAdaro mAna-dadiSTe'pi vastuni // // [32]185 // mAnazcittasamunnatiH / darpaH saubhaagygrvH| iSTa vastramAlyAlaMkArAdIti / // [32]185 / / atha vihRtam[sUtra 278]--vihRtaM jalpakAle'pi maunaM hrI-vyAja-maugdhyataH / jalpakAlo bhASaNasyocitaH samayaH / maunamabhASaNam / vyAjaH chadma / upalakSaNa sitra 275] -atyadhika saundaryako pradarzita karanevAlA svalpa veSa-dhAraNa hI vicchitti kahalAtI hai / [31]184 // striyoMke bhItara unake prakRSTa saubhAgyAdi guNoMse yukta honeke kAraNa pratyanta sauMdarya ko prakAzita karanevAlA thoDAsA bhI veSa-vinyAsa 'vicchitti' kahalAtI hai // [31j184 // aba mAge 'lIlA' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 276]-priyake vacana prAviko atyanta prAvarapUrvaka apane bhItara rakhanA lIlA kahalAtI hai| mAdi zabbase beSa aura vyApAra prAdikA praharaNa hotA hai| pritamake prati atyadhika prema honeke kAraNa priyatamako vANI mAviko zrRMgArAbhivyaktipUrvaka apane meM lagAnA arthAta yathArtha banAnA 'lIlA' kahalAtI hai| prava prAge 'vizvoka' [kA lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 277] -mAna athavA darpake kAraNa iSTa bastuke prati bhI. manAvara dikhalAnA 'vizloka' kahalAtA hai / [32]185 // mAna arthAt cittakA car3hA honaa| harSa arthAt saubhAgyakA garva / iSTa arthAta vastra mAlA, alaMkAra prAdi // [32]185 // aba prAge vihRta [kA lakSaNa karate haiM]--- [sUtra 278]--lajjA athavA kisI bahAne athavA mugdhatAke kAraNa bolane ke ucita samayapara bhI na bolanA 'vihata' kahalAtA hai|
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________________ kA0 187, sU0:276-81 ] .caturtho vivekaH [ 385 tvAdanAyattatva-bAlyAdayo'pi gRhyante / Atmano cAdiprakAzananimittaM samaye'pyabhASaNaM vihRtmityrthH| atha lalitama[sUtra 279]-lalitaM gAtrasaMcAraH sukumAro nirarthakaH // [33]186 // gAtrasya netrahastAdeH, saMcAro vyaapaarH| sukumAro'timanoharo, draSTavyaM vinA dRSTikSepo, grAhyamRte hastAdivyAtirityevaM niSprayojano lalitam / saprayojanastu vyApAro vilAsa, ityanayorbhedaH iti // [33] 186 // _ atha kuTumitam- - [sUtra 280]-kacauSThAvigrahe kopo mRSA kuTumitaM mudi / AdizabdAt stn-kraadiprhH| priyatamena kacAdiSu gRhyamANAyA antaHpramode 'pi vyalIkakopakaraNa kuTumitamiti / atha moTTAyitam[sUtra 281]-moTTAyitaM priyekSAdau rAgato gAtramoTanam // [34] 187 // priyasya darzana-zravaNAnukaraNAdiSu sadbhAvabhAvanAtmakarAgavazAdaMgamardanaparyanta yoSitazceSTitamati // [34] 187 // ___ jalpakAla praryAta bhASaNake ucita samaya / mauna arthAt cupa rhnaa| vyANa sarvAta bahAmA / isake upalakSaNa spa homese paravazatA aura bAlya mAvikA grahaNa hotA hai| apanI lajjA prAvike prakAzanake lie bolane avasarapara bhI na bolanA "bihata' kahalAtA hai yaha abhiprAya hai| mAge 'lalita'kA [lakSaNa karate haiM[satra 276]-vyarSa hI masApatake sAtha aMgoMkA calAnA 'lalita' kahalAtA hai| gAtra aSavA netra aura hApa prArikA, saMcAra prati saMcAlana-vyApAra / sukumAra arthAta pratyanta manohara / [base praSya viSayake na honepara bhI hari gar3AnA, pakarane yogya kisI vastuke na honepara bhI hAca mAvikA claanaa| isa prakArakA niSprayojana myApAra 'lalita' kahalAtA hai| aura saprayojana vyApAra vilAsa' kahalAtA hai| yaha ina donoMkA bhera hai|[31]186|| aba mAge 'puTTamita' [kA lakSaNa karate hai] [sUtra 288]-[priyatama bArAza, moSTha mAvi pakar3e jAnepara hAyake bhItara to prasannatAke honepara bhI bAhara miyA koSa risatAnA 'mita' kahalAtA hai| ... mAvi zabase stana, kara prAvikA pahaNa hotA hai| priyatamake pArAmA mArike * pakar3e jAnepara bhI bhItara prasannatA honepara bhI jhUThamUTha nArAja hotA 'mita' kahalAtA hai| aba mAge mohAyita kAlama karate [vatra 281]-priyatamake vana mAvika honepara gokA marohamA 'mohApita' kA hai [avjter priyatamale barmana, bhavara, parasArita honepara tanmayatA ma rAma bhArata [vimitra maMgoMki mana paryanta svIkAyApAra moDAvita manAtA hairean .
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________________ nATyadarpaNam L kA0 188, sU0 282-84 kilakiMcitam - [ sUtra 2=2 ] - muhuH smitA'nukampAdeH saMkaraH kilakicitam / AdizabdAd bhaya hasita-zrama- roSa-garva -duHkhAbhilASAdigrahaH / garvAd vAraM vAraM smitAdInAM saMkIrNatayA yoSitA yatkaraNaM tat kilakiJcitam / ete daza svAbhAvikA bhuktAyAmabhuktAyAM ca yoSiti ratibhAvodbodhAd bhavantIti / yathAyatnajeSu saptasu zobhA prathamaM lakSyate 360 1 [ sUtra 283 ] - projjvalyaM yauvanAdInAmatha zobhopabhogataH / [35] 188 / yauvanasya, AdizabdAd rUpa - lAvaNyAdInAM ca puruSeNopabhujyamAnAnAM yadaujjvalyaM chAyAvizeSaH sA zobhA / atheti svAbhAvikAnantaryArtha iti / / [35] 188 // atha kAnti- dIptI - [ sUtra 284 ] --sA kAntiH pUrNasambhogA dIptiH kAntestu vistaraH / zobhaiva va rAgAvatAraghanA kAntiH / kAntireva cAtivistIrNA dIptiH / yauvanAdInAmaujjvalyasya manda-madhya tIvrAvasthAH krameNa zobhA - kAnti-dIptaya ityarthaH iti / aa or 'feoficita' [kA lakSaraNa karate haiM ] [ sUtra 282 ] - |-- bAra-bAra ha~sane, rone zora kampana prAvikA sammizraNa 'kila kiMcita' kahalAtA hai / prAdi zabdase bhaya, hAsya, zrama, roSa, garva, du:kha aura prabhilASa zrAdikA grahaNa hotA hai / garvake kAraNa striyoMke dvArA haMsane rone zrAvikA jo bAra-bAra saMkIrNa rUpase kiyA jAnA hai vaha 'kilakicita' kahalAtA hai [yaha abhiprAya hai / bhuktA tathA prabhuktA donoM prakAra kI striyoMmeM ratibhAvakA udaya honepara ye vaza svAbhAvika dharma udaya hote haiM / aba Age binA yatnake utpanna hone vAle sAta dharmomeMse pahale 'zobhA' kA lakSaNa karate haiM [ sUtra 283 ] - upabhogake bAda yovana prAvikI ujjvalatA 'zobhA' kahalAtI hai / [35] 188 / anu0 - yauvanakA, auaura Adi zabdase rUpa lAvaNyAvikI puruSake dvArA bhoge jAne para jo ujjvalatA arthAt saundaryAtizaya usako 'zobhA' kahate haiM [yaha abhiprAya hai ] / [ 'zratha kSobhopayogata:, meM prayukta ] 'praya' hAbva svAbhAvika zrAnantarya praryakA bodhaka hai| [arthAt pahale freen fee dasa svAbhAvika dharmoke bAda zobhAkA lakSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai ] // [35] 188 // aba Age 'kAnti' aura 'dIpti' [donoM kA lakSaraNa karate haiM] [ sUtra 284 ] -- pUrNa vistArako prApta ho jAnepara vaha zobhA ho 'kAnti' kahalAtI hai / aura 'kAnti' kA bhI vizeSa vistAra 'dIpti' kahalAtA hai / - atyanta anurAgAtizayake kAraNa ghanatAko prApta zobhA hI 'kAnti' kahalAtI hai aura atyanta vistArako prApta ho jAne vAlI 'kAnti' ho 'dIpti' kahalAtI hai / arthAt yovana urfast ujjvalatAko manda, madhya aura tIna avasthAeM ho kramazaH zobhA, kAnti aura doti kahalAtI haiM yaha abhiprAya hai //
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________________ kA0 160, sU0 285-87 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 361 atha mAdhuryodAyeM[sUtra 285]-saumyaM tApe'pi mAdhuryam, audAryamucitAcyutiH // [36] 186 // . zoka-krodha-bhaya-amarSa-IrSyAdijaH santApastApaH / api zabdAd brIDA-ratyAdije asvAsthye 'pIti / tApe 'pi satyucitasya vinayAdikasya acyutiraparityajanaM audAryam / mAdhurya zrAkArAvikRtiH ityanayovizeSa iti // [36] 186 / / atha dhairya-prAgalbhye[sUtra 286]-ceto'vikatthanaM dhairyaM prAgalbhyaM kauzalaM rte| avikatthanaM AtmazlAghA-cApalAbhyAM rahitaM ceto dhairyamiti / kauzalaM vaizArA, rate suratakriyAyAM yat tat prAgalbhyam / ete yatnamantareNa puruSopabhoganiSpannAH strINAM sapta guNA iti / atha evaMvidhAlaGkAravatInAM strINAM nAyakeSu viniyogamAha-, [sUtra 287]-yathaucityaM ca netRNAM nAyikAH, kulajAdayaH // [37160 ___aucityaM prakati-avasthA aacaar-deshkaalaadyvirodhH| tadanatikrameNa dhIroddhatAdInAM nAyakAnAM kulajAdayo nAyikA nATakeSu nibandhanIyA iti / / [27] 160 // aba prAge 'mAdhurya' aura 'praudArya' donoMke lakSaNa karate haiM] [sUtra 285]-tApake honepara bhI saumyatA mAdhurya kahalAtA hai / aura ucita mArgase patita na honA 'praudArya' kahalAtA hai| [36] 186 / zoka, krodha, bhaya, amarSa aura IrSyA dise unpanna hone vAlA santApa yahA~ 'tApa' [mAnA gayA hai / 'mapi' zabdase lajjA aura ratyAdise utpanna asvasthatAka bhI grahaNa hotA hai / isa tApake honepara bhI [saumyatAkA banA rahanA 'mAdhurya' kahalAtA hai / aura tApake honepara bhI vinaya Adi rUpa ucita bAtoMkA parityAga na karanA audArya' kahalAtA hai| prAkArameM vikAra kA utpanna na honA mAdhurya hai [ aura manameM vikArakA utpanna na honA praudArya hai ] yaha ina donoMkA bheda hai / / [36] 166 // aba prAge 'vairya' tathA 'pragalbhatA' [donoMkA lakSaNa karate haiM]-- [sUtra 286]-[prAtmazlAghA aura capalatAse rahita vittAvasthAkA nAma 'dhairya' hai aura surata-vyApAra meM nipuNatAphI prApti 'pragalbhatA' kahI jAtI hai| pravikatyA arthAt prAtmazlAghA aura capalatAse rahita cittAvasthAkA nAma 'dhairya' hai| praura 'rate' arthAt surata-vyApArameM jo kauzala arthAt nipuNatA vaha 'prAgalbhya' kahalAtA hai| ye sAta guNa puruSopabhogake dvArA striyoM meM binA yatnake svayaM hI utpanna ho jAte haiN| aba isa prakArake [10+7=17] alaMkAroM se yukta nAyikAoMkA nAyakoMke sAtha sambandha dikhalAte haiM ---- [sUtra 287]---aucityake anusAra kulajA Adi nAyikAeM nAyakoMke sAtha vinipukta pharanI caahie| [35] 190 / praucitya arthAt prakRti, avasthA, prAdhAra, deza, kAla, mAdike sAtha praviroSa / usa
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________________ nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 162, sR028 nAyikAnAM sahAyinya ucyante [ sUtra 288 ] --sahAyinyastu dhAtreyI liMginI prAtivezikAH / zilpinI ceTikA - sakhyo guptA dakSA mRdu-sthirAH // [38] 161 // dhAtrI stanyadAyinI / liMginI parivrAjikAdiliMgavatI / prAtivezikA nikaTAvasathA / zilpinI citrAdizilpakArikA / ceTikA dAsI / sakhI samAnaguNA maitryamupaganA / evamAdikAH priyaghaTane sahAyinyaH / etAzca 'guptA' rahasyadhAraNasamarthAH / vRkSA deza-kAla- samayAdividaH / mRdva yo anahaMkRtAH / sthirAzcApalavarjitAH / evamanye'pi guNA draSTavyA iti / / [38] 161 // atha sAmAnyena bhASAvidhAnamucyate 362 ] [ sUtra 2=6 ] - devAnIcanRraNAM pAThaH saMskRtenAtha jAtucit / mahiSI - mantrijAyA- paNyastrINAmavyAjaliMginAm // [36] 162 // [vitya ] kA ullaGghana kie binA dhIroddhata zrAdi nAyakoMke sAtha kulajA prAdi nAyikAoM kA nATakAdi meM varNana karanA cAhie / [37] 160 // aba ina nAyikAoMkI sahAyikAoMko kahate haiM [ sUtra 288 ] - dhAya, parivrAjikA, par3osina, zilpino, dAsI aura sakho jo [guptA arthAt] rahasyako dhAraNa karanemeM samartha, catura, zrahaMkArarahita aura capalatArahita hoM inakI sahAyikAeM hotI haiM / [38] 161 / dhAtreya arthAt dUdha pilAne vAlI dhAya / liMginI arthAt parivajikA zrAdike cihnoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlI / prativezikA arthAt samIpa rahane vAlI par3osino / zilpinI prarthAt citrAdi zilpakI racanA karane vAlI / ceTI zrarthAt dAsI / sakhI prarthAt samAna guNa vAlI aura mitratAko prApta strii| isa prakAra kI striyA~ priyake sAtha milana karane meM sahAyikA hotI haiN| ye saba guptA arthAt rahasyako chipA sakane meM samartha, dakSA prarthAt deza, kAla, zrAcAra zrAdiko samajhane vAlI, mRdu zrarthAt grahaMkArarahita praura sthirA prarthAt capalatArahita honI cAhie / isI prakArake anya guraNa bhI [ sahAyikAoM meM ] samajhane cAhie // [ 38 ] 161 // aba sAmAnya rUpa se bhASAvidhAnako kahate haiM [ tatra 286 ] -- devatAoM praura nIcoMko chor3akara arthAt uttama tathA madhmama puruSoMke pATha saMskRta meM [ honA caahie| aura kabhI-kabhI paTarAnI, mantri-patnIvezyAnoMkA tathA | liMginI padameM liginazca liginyazca arthAt puruSa tathA strI-rUpa donoM prakArake ligiyoMmeMse eka zeSa ho jAnese ] paruSa tathA strI-rUpa donoM prakArake parivAjakoM dambha-rahita [prarthAt muni, bauddha, bhikSu, zrotriya zrAdi] dvArA [ bhI saMskRta kA prayoga kiyA jAnA cAhie] / 36 [162] / / *
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________________ kA0 163, sU0 260 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 363 devazabdena surAH suryazcaikazeSAd gRhyante / eSAM ca nIcavarjitAnAmuttama-madhyamanarANAM ca / strINAM prAkRtasyaiva vidhAnAt puruSANAmeva saMskRtA bhaassaa| kadAcit punaH kAryavazataH kRtAbhiSekAyA rAjyA mantrijA-paNyastriyoliginAM ca ekazeSeNa puM-strIrUpANAM paribAD-muni-zAkya-zrotriyAdInAM saMskRtaM draSTavyam / liMginazca dambha vinA ye gRhItavratAsteSAM saMskRtam / sAmarthyAcca vyAjaliMginAM prAkRtamiti labhyate / sthagopanArthametairbhASAnyathAtvasya karaNAt / tatra mahiSyAH saMdhi-vigrahaciMtAdinA, maMtrijAyA nyAyapravRttyAdinA vezyAyA vaidagdhyAdinA, liMginAM ca sarvavidyAkauzalakhyApanAdinA kAryeNa saMskRta, anyatra tu prAkRtamavargatavyam / 'yoSitAm' iti mahiSyAdInAM prAkRtasyaiva prAptau 'devAnIcanRNAM' iti ca liMginAM saMskRtasyaiva prasaGga 'jAtucin' ityaprAptyarthaM prAptaniSedhArtha copAttam / tena liMginAM bAhulyena prAkRtaM bhavatIti / [33] 192 // atha prAkRtaM pAThyamAha[sUtra 260]-bAla-baNDa-grahagrasta-matta-strIrUpa-yoSitAm / prAkRtenottamasyApi dAridyazvaryamohinaH / [40] 163 // 'deva' zambase eka zeSase deva aura devI donoMkA grahaNa hotA hai| inameM aura nIcoMko chor3akara zeSa puruSoMkI bhASA saMskRta honI caahie| striyoM ke lie prAkRtakA hI vidhAna hone se [striyoMkI prAkRta bhASAhI honI caahie| kabhI-kabhI kAryavaza paTarAnI maMtri-patnI vezyA tathA ligiyoMmeM eka zeSa dvArA strI-puruSa rUpa donoM prakArake saMnyAsiyoM muniyoM bora tathA brAhmaNa bhotripAdiko saMskRta bhASA samajhanI cAhie / liMgase jinhoMne dambha rahita hokara prata liyA hai unako saMskRtakA prayoga karAnA caahie| isa kathanako sAmarthyase banAvaTI parivAjaka prAdike dvArA prAkRtakA prayoga karanA cAhie yaha artha nikalatA hai| kyoMki ye apaneko chipAneke lie bhASAko badala bhI lete haiN| unameMse sandhi-vigraha prAdikI cintAke avasarapara rAjanItike dvArA saMskRta bhASaraNa karanA cAhie] nyAya, vicAra prAdike samaya [mantrijAyA arthAta] mantrIko patnIke dvArA [saMskRta bhASaNa karAnA cAhie] / vaidagpyAdi pradarzana] ke lie vaizyA dvArA mora saba vidhAnoMmeM pravINatAke siddha karaneke lie parivAjikA mAdike dvArA kAryAvizeSake kAraNa saMskRtakA prayoga karAnA caahie| aura sAdhAraNa rUpameM anya jagaha prAkRtakA hI prayoga samajhanA caahie| 'yoSitAm' isa padase mahiSI mAvimeM prAkRta [kA prayoga] prApta honese aura 'devAnIvanRNAM' pabase parivAjaka AdimeM saMskRta ki prayogake] ke hI prApta honepara 'jAtucit' isa padako [prAptako]praprAptike lie arthAt prAptake niSeSakaraneke lie pahala kiyA gayA hai| isalie parivrAjaka prAvimeM adhikatara prAkRtakA prayoga hotA hai / [39]192 // aba mAge prAkRta pAThyako kahate haiM [sUtra 260]-bAlakoM, napusako prahagrasta, matta, strIprakRti vAle aura striyoMkA prAkRtakA hI prayoga karAnA caahie| aura dArijya athavA aizvaryAdi mohita uttama puruSake dvArA bhI [prAkRta bhASAkA ho prayoga karAnA caahie| [re] 193 /
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________________ 364 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 165, sU0 240-41 grahaiH zanaizcarAdibhiH, kadAgrahairvA grastA dUSitA grahagrastAH / strIrUpAH strIprakRtayaH purussaaH| bAlAdInAmajJatva-nIcaprakRtikatva-tucchasvabhAvatvAdeH prAkRtena paatthH| tathottamaprakRterapi dhIrodAttAde-AriyaizvaryAbhyAM upalakSaNAd dhanabhrazAdinA ca mUDhamanasaH prAkRta pATha iti // [40] 163 / / ___ aparamapi vAkprakAramAha[sUtra 261]-pratyantanIca-bhUtAdau paizAcI mAgadhI ca vAk / / zaurasenI tu nIcasya dezoddeze svadezagIH / / [41] 164 // atyantanIcaH prakaSTAdhamaprakRtiH / AdizabdAt pizAcAdigrahaH / eSu paizAcI mAgadhI ca sAMkaryeNa bhASA bhavati / nIcamAtraprakRteH punaH shaursenii| dezasya kumamagadhAderuddezaH prakRtatvaM tasmin sati sva-videza sambandhinI bhApA nibandhanIyeti // [41] 164 / ' prakArAMtaramapyAha[satra 262]-tiryagjAtyantarAdInAmAnurUpyeNa sNkthaa| tiryaJcaH pazavo pakSiNazca / jAtyantarANi variNaga-vipra-cANDAlAdIni / etAni grahoM arthAt zanaizcara prAdike prathavA kutsita prAgrahoMse jo dUSita haiM ve grahagrasta hue [unake dvArA prAkRta bhASAkA prayoga karAnA cAhie ] / strIrUpa arthAta striyoM-jaise svabhAvavAle puruSa [unake dvArA bhI prAkRtakA hI prayoga karAnA cAhie / bAlakoM grAdike mUrkha, ajJAnI, nIca prakRti vAle tathA kSudra svabhAvavAle hone Adike kAraNa prAkRta bhASAkA pATha karAyA jAtA hai / aura [kabhI] uttama prakRti vAle arthAt dhIrodAtta Adike [svabhAva vAle puruSake bhI daridratA athavA aizvaryAtizayase mohita ho jAnepara aura inake upalakSaNa rUpa honese dhananAza prAdise bhI vimUDhamanaska ho jAnepara prAkRta hI bulavAnA cAhie / [40 |163 // aba bolane ke viSayameM anya prakAroMkA bhI varNana karate haiM [sUtra 261]-atyanta nIca bhUtAdi [ ke bhASaNa ] meM paMzAcI' tathA mAgadhI [saMkoNaM] bhASA prayukta hotI hai / nIca [pAtrake bhASaNa meM 'zaurasenI' prAkRta bhASA hotI hai / aura kisI deza-vizeSakA ullekha honepara apane-apane dezako bhASAkA hI prayoga karAnA cAhie / [41] 194 / atyanta nIca arthAta atyadhika adhama prakati vaalaa| bhUtAdi pada meM prayukta mAdi zabdase pizAcAdikA grahaNa hotA hai| isameM paMzAcI aura mAgadhI donoM bhASAoMkA saMkIrNa rUpase prayoga hotA hai| aura kevala sAmAnya rUpase nIca prakRti vAle pAtra meM zaurasenI bhASAkA prayoga karAnA cAhie / [41] 164 // aba mAge [bhASAke viSaya] anya prakAra bhI batalAte haiM--- [sUtra 262]--pazu-pakSI Adi aura vibhinna jAtiyoM meM praucitya ke anusAra [bhASA kA avalambana karake bAtacIta honI caahie| tiryak arthAt pazu aura pakSI / anya jAtiyA~ prayot variNaka, vipra, cANDAla prAdi / ge saba eka hI sthAnapara bhI ho sakate haiN| 'prAdi' zabdase grAmameM rahanevAle nagara nivAsI
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________________ kA0 166, sU0 213-264 ] caturtho vivekaH [ 365 caikasminnapi deze bhavanti / zrAdizabdAda graamy-naagrk-aarnnyk-vitt-devkulikaadigrhH| evaM vidhapAtrANAmAnurUpyeNa yasya tiryagAderyA bhaNitirItiH prasiddhA sA sA tasya samyaga varNanIyA / yena sa evAyaM tiryagAdiriti tAdra pyAvagamo bhavati / iyaM ca dezagIzca prAyo apabhraze nipatatIti // atha bhASAderanyathAtvamapi bhavatItyAha[sUtra 263]-bhASA-prakRti-vRttAdeH kAryataH kvApi laMghanam // [42] 195 // bhASAyAH sNskRt-praakRtaadervaacH| prakRteruttama-madhyamAdhamarUpAyAH / vRttasya AcArasya, itivRttasya vaa| AdizabdAd dhIroddhatavAdidharmANAM nepathyAdervA kenacit prayojanena laMghanamiti kramo vidheyaH / etacca yathAyathaM kvacit kiMcit pradarzitameva / svayaM vAbhyUpamiti // [42] 165 // atha rUpakeSu yo yena nAmnA vyavahartavyastasya tadAha[sUtra 264] -prAryeti zabdhate patnI liginI brAhmaNI dvijaiH / ambApi jananI-vRddha pUjyA tu bhavatItyapi // [43] 166 // aura vanameM rahane vAle tathA viTa, devakulikA prAvikA grahaNa hotA hai / isa prakArake pAtroMkI bhASA mAnurUpyake anusAra arthAt jisa tiryagAdikI jo bhASA lokameM prasiddha hai usako usake sAtha bhalI prakArase prayoga karanA cAhie jisase yaha vahI tiraMgAdi hai yaha bAta ThIka taraha se pratIta ho ske| yaha [ tiyaMgAdiko bhASA] aura deza-bhASA donoM prAyaH apabhraM zameM prAtI haiN| praba prAge bhASA mAdimeM parivartana bhI ho sakatA hai yaha bAta dikhalAte haiM-. [sUtra 263]-bhASA, prakRti, vRtta praryAta prAcAra yA kathAvastu prAvikA kAryavaza kahIM ullaMghana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| [42] 195 / bhASA arthAt saMskRta aura prAkRta prAdi vANIkA / prakRti paryAta uttama, madhyama, aSama rUpa prakRtikA / vRtta prati prAcaraNakA prathavA kathAvastukA / mAdi zambase dhIrodAttavAdi dharmoM kA prathavA veSa-bhUSAvikA kisI vizeSa prayojanase laDana kiyA jA sakatA hai isa kArakA [kama prarthAt ] anvaya karanA caahie| isa bAtakA kahIM-kahIM kucha varNana kiyA A pukA hai| athavA svayaM samajha lenA cAhie // [42] 195 // ___ praba rUpakoMmeM jisako jisa nAmase pukArA jAnA cAhie usake usa nAma mAviko patalAte haiM [sUtra 264] -brAhmaNoMke dvArA patnI, parivAjikA paura brAhmaNI 'pAryA' isa nAmase kahI jAtI hai| mAtA aura vRddhA strI [bhAryA zambase to kahI ho jAtI hai kiMtu usake pratirikta) ambA' bhI kahI jAtI hai| pUjyA strI [bhI prAryA to kahI ho jAtI hai usake pratirikta] 'bhavatI' isa pabase bhI kahI jAtI hai| [43] 196 /
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________________ 366 ] nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 167, sU. 26) bhrAtrAgrajo 'dhamairmantrI naTI-sUtrabhRtau mithaH / purodhaH-sArthavAhAbhyAM ya patnI patnyA jara patiH // [44] 167 // 'Aryazabda' ityanto avivakSitaliMga-saMkhyA-kArakaH zaktisvarUpamAtreNa grahaNArthamupAttaH / tena nAnAliMga-saMkhyA-kArakeSu prayujyate / evamanyatrApi draSTavyam / patnI sdhrmcaarinnii| ambApIti na kevalaM 'AryA' zabdena kiMtu 'ambA' zabdenApi jananI-vRddhe ucyte| pUjyA maanyaa| sA cAtreSad vRddhA satI, 'bhavati' iti zabdena 'AryA' zabdena ca vAcyA / . bhrAtrA anujena agrajo jyeSTho bhrAtA, adhamaihInaH maMtrI rAjJaH sacivo naTIsUtradhArau mithaH parasparaM naTyA sUtradhAraH sUtradhAreNa ca naTI, purodhaH-sArthavAhAbhyAM kartRbhyAM patnI, pantyA ca kA vRddhaH patiH 'Arya' iti zabdyate iti sNbNdhH| 'Aryeti zabdyate patnI' ityanenaiva siddhe'pi 'purodhaH-sArthavAhAbhyAM patnI' iti yauvane'pi 'AryA' iti vA nibaMdhanArtham // [43-44] 166-167 // [choTe. bhAIke dvArA ] bar3e bhAIko [ Arya zabdase bhI kahA jAtA hai aura usake atirikta bhrAtA [bhI kahA jAtA hai] nauca pAtroMke dvArA mantrIko [ko prArya] aura naTI tathA sUtradhAra paraspara eka-dUsareko [prArya tathA prAryA] aura purohita tathA sArthavAhake sAtha [ yauvanasthAmeM ] patnI [prAryA ] tathA patnIke dvArA vRddha pati [prArya zabda kahA jAtA hai ] / [44] 167 / [AyeMti isa kArikAbhAgameM] iti zabda jisake antama diyA gayA hai isa prakArakA prArya zamna liMga, saMkhyA, kAraka prAvise rahita zaktike svarUpamAtrase grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / .isalie vibhinna liMga, saMkhyA tathA kArakoMmeM usakA prayoga mAnA jAtA hai| isI prakAra anya zabdoMke viSayameM bhI samajhanA caahie| [arthAt ambA, bhavatI Adi zabda bhI niyata saMkhyA, niyata kAraka prAdike grAhaka na hokara sAmAnya rUpase hI par3he gae haiM] / patnIkA artha sahadharmacAriNI hai / 'ambApi' isameM jananI tathA vRddhAke na kevala 'prAryA' zabdase hI nahIM apitu 'ambA' zabdase bhI kahI jAtI hai| pUjyA arthAt maany| vaha kucha thor3e vRddhA honepara 'bhavato' isa zabdake dvArA tathA 'AryA' zabdake dvArA sambodhita kI jAtI hai| bhAI arthAt choTe bhAI dvArA bar3e bhAIko [prArya zavvase], tathA nIca pAtroMke dvArA mantrI prarthAtU rAjAke sacivako [prArya kahA jAtA hai ] tathA naTo aura sUtradhAra eka-dUsare ko paraspara arthAta naTokedvArA sUtradhArako [prAyaM]. tathA sUtradhArakedvArA naTIko [prAryA sambodhana kiyA jAtA hai] / purohita tathA sAryavAha rUpa prayogakartAoM ke dvArA patnI [AryA kahI jAtI hai ] aura patnIke dvArA vRddha pati [prArya rUpa padase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai / 'Ayati zabdhate paranI' isa 166vIM kArikAke prArambhika bhAga] se hI [patnI ke lie prAryA zabdake prayogake] siddha honepara bhI 'purodhaH-sArthavAhAbhyAM patnI' isameM [jo patnIko prAryA padase sambodhita kie jAneko mAta dubArA kahI gaI hai] vaha [purohita tathA sArthavAhakedvArA yauvanAvasthAmeM bhI patnIko 'prAryA' kahakara hI sambodhita karanA cAhie isa bAtako sUcita karane ke lie kahI gaI hai // 43.44] 196-167 //
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________________ kA0 168, sU0 265 ] caturtho vivekaH / [ 367 anyadapyAha-- [sUtra 265]-mahArAjo nRpaH sarvastvAryaputreti yauvane / puMsA bhadreti bhoktavyA priyeti dayitAthavA / // [45] 168 // pitA-putrAbhidhAyogaimukhyA devyapi rAjabhiH / vidUSakeraNa bhavatI rAjI-ceTyo nRpastriyaH // // [46] 166 // bhaTTinI svAminI devItyevaM sarvAH paricchadaiH / vezyA 'jjuketi vRddhA tu sA'ttA tulyA striyA halA // // [47] 200 // 'pattyA' iti 'jaran' iti cAnuvartate / patnyA jarannRpo 'mahArAja' iti / sarvamtu nRpo'nyazca patiryovane vartamAna 'Aryaputra' iti patnyA kiirtyte| Aryaputra iti' hi zvazureNa vyapadezo yauvanasya zRGgArocitatvakhyApanArthaH / yauvanAdanyatra tu 'Aya [isI viSaya meM prAge] aura bhI kahate haiM [sUtra 265]- [patnI ke dvArA vRddha] rAjAko mahArAja kahakara sambodhana karanA cAhie] saba rAjA aura anya [sAmAnya rUpase rAjA tathA] pati ko patnI ke dvArA yauvana kAlameM prAryaputra [nAmase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai] / bhoktamyA strIko puruSa [prathama paricayake sAtha ] bhadrA [ kahakara ], aura dayitA arthAt bhAryAko yA priya, [kahakara sambodhana kareM] / [45]198 / athavA [ dayitA prati apanI patnoko usake ] pitA yA putroM ke nAmako jor3akara [rAmacandrakI mAtA sAyavA somazarmAkI putrI isa rUpameM sambodhana kiyA jAtA hai] / rAjAmoM ke dvArA mukhyA arthAt paTarAnIko [priyAke atirikta devI bhI kahA jAtA hai / vidUSakake dvArA rAnI pora ceTI [donoMzo bhavatI pavase samboSita kiyA jAnA cAhie / [46] 166 / sArI rAniyoM ko parijanoMke dvArA bhaTTinI, svAminI, devo isa prakAra sambodhana kiyA jAnA cAhie [isameM 'nRpastriyaH' pada 19veM zlokake antameM pAyA hai usakA anvaya isa 200veM zlokameM hotA hai / [yauvanavatI] vezyAko [usake sevakavarga] 'ajjukA' [kahakara sambodhana karate haiM] aura usI [vezyA] ke vRddha honepara , atA' pabase usako sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| pora barAbara thAlI striyAM eka-dUsareko 'halA' kahakara sambodhana karatI haiM / [47]200 / panyA' aura 'jara' ye donoM pada [197 saMkhyAvAlI kAriphAse] anuvRtti dvArA mAte haiN| isalie pasnIke dvArA vRddha rAjAko mahArAja [kahakara sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| yaha abhiprAya hai] / sAmAnya rUpase sAre rAjAoMko [mahArAjake atirikta] prAryaputra [bhI kahA jAtA hai] yauvanAvasthA meM vartamAna patiko [patnI] mAryaputra padase kahatI hai / 'prAryaputra' yaha nAma zvasurake sambandhase banA hai| [aura yauvanakAlameM isa zabdakA prayoga] pauvanake zRGgAro
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________________ 368 ] nATyadarpaNama kA0 201, sU0 266 ityevaM kiityte| bhoktavyA bhottumabhilaSitA prathamaparicayaM puruSeNa strI 'bhadrA' iti, dayitA bhAyo punauvane 'priyA' iti kIrtyate / athavA dayitA pitA-putrayoyaMdabhidhAnaM tadyogaistena yujyamAnaiH zabdaiH 'mAraputri 'somazarmajanani' ityevamAdibhiH purussennaabhaassyaa| mukhyA kRtAbhiSekA dayitA punardevIti, apizabdAt priyeti ca rAjabhirbahuvacanAdanyazca pumbhiH / tathA vidUSakeNa rAjhI rAjapatnI ceTI ca bhavati' iti vAcyA / tathA sarvo Apa nRpastriyo rAjapatnyaH parijanena bhaTTinI svAminI devI iti zabdaiH zabdAnte / bezyA paNyastrI yauvanavatI draSTavyA, vRddhAyA nAmAntaravidhAnAt / parijanena . 'ajjukA' iti / sA iti vezyA vRddhA punaH 'attA' iti / tulyA samAnakula-zIlavayo'vasthAdikA vanitA ca samAnayA striyA halA'iti vAcyA iti / / / [45-47] 168-200 // anyadapyAha--- [sUtra 266]-haMje tvanuttamA-preSye bhagavaditi devatA / tapaHsthA cArya-devaSi-bahuvidyAH sayoSitaH // [48] 201 // cita honekI sUcanA denevAlA hai / yauvanakAlako chor3a anya samayameM kevala 'prAyaM' padase [patnI patiko sambodhita karatI hai] / bhoktavya arthAtU jisake sAtha puruSa bhoga karanA cAhatA hai usa strIko prathana paricayake samaya puruSa 'bhadre' kahakara sambodhita karatA hai| aura dayitA arthAtU apanI bhAryAko yauvanakAlameM 'priyA' padase sambodhita karatA hai / athavA dayitA arthAta patnIko isakA pati priyAke atirikta usake pitA aura putrake jo nAma hoM unake sAtha mor3akara mATharakI putrI, somazarmAkI mAtA prAdi isa prakArake zabdoMse sambodhita karatA hai| mukhyA arthAt abhiSiktA patnIko rAjA loga devI bhI kahate haiN| api zabdase priyA bhI rAjAmoMke dvArA kahA jAtA hai| banuvacanase anya puruSoMke dvArA bhI [kRtAbhiSekA rAnIko devI kahA jAtA hai / tathA vidUSakake dvArA rAjapatnI arthAta rAnI aura ceTI donoMko 'bhavato' pase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai / aura rAjAoMkI sabhI patniyo arthAta rAniyoMko parijanavarya bhaTTinI, svAminI tathA devI zabdoMse sambodhita karate haiN| vezyA padase yauvanAvasthAvAlI bAjArU strIkA grahaNa karanA caahie| kyoMki vRddhA vezyAoMke lie attA isa dUsare nAma kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| [usa yauvanavato vezyAko parijanavarga 'ajja kA' isa nAmase kahate haiN| 'sA' arthAta vahI vezyA vRddhA ho to 'pratI' padase kahI jAtI hai / tulyA arthAt samAna kula, zIla, prAyu aura dazA prAdi vAlI barAbaravAlI strIko barAvaravAlI dUsarI strI 'halA' kahakara sambodhita karatI hai| [45-47] 190-200 // . [isI viSayameM pAge aura bhI kahate haiM [satra 296]-uttama prakRtise rahita [prata eSa apreSyA pra dUtI prAdike rUpameM priyake pAsa na bhejane yogya ] aura preSyA donoMko 'haja' zabdase 'sAdhita kiyA jAtA hai| [sarasvatI prAdi ] yevaMtA pora tapasvinI strIko 'bhagavatI' zabdase kahA jAtA hai / pUjya aura bahuta puruSoM aura unakI patniyoM bonoMko bhI bhagavat zabdase sambodhita karanA caahie| [4] 201 /
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________________ ----- - ba. 203, sU0 266 ] caturtho vivekaH / 36 bhAnyo nAmAntara rAjA liginAtha vidUSakaH / vayamyo 'pyadharmabhaTTI lokadeveti bhUpatiH // [4] 202 // uttamaprakRtirahitA yuvatiHapreSaNIyA satI anuttamA,sA, preSyAca 'haMje' zabdena kIrtyate / devatA srsvtyaadikaa| tapaHsthA vrtvishessvtii| ete ca svataMtre, na tu kaMcanApi patimAzrite / aAH puujytmaaH| bahuvidyAH bhushrutaaH| ete ardhyAdayaH sayopito bhAryApyetadIyA bhagavacchabdenocyate ityarthaH / tathA mAnyaH prasiddhanAmaparihAreNa nAmAntaraiH prazaMsAsUcibhiH amAtya ! zreSThin ! vatsarAja ! somavaMzamauktikamaNe ! ityaadibhiraabhaassnniiyH| prAyikaM caitat / tena cATukArAdau-udayane mahoM zAsati ko vipadAmavakAzaH' iti svaanaamnaapyaabhaassyH| ___ mAnyAdanyastu madhyamaH svanAmabhirvAcyaH / nIcasya sambhASaNantu vakSyAma iti / liMginA ca 'rAjan' zabdena zabdyate bhUpatiH ityuttareNa saMbandhaH / upalakSaNAt 'kauravya' ityaadyptyprtyyaantairpi| vidUSakaiH punarbhUpatiH 'vayasya' zabdena api zabdAt 'rAjan' zabdena ca / adhamaizca nIcaprakRtibhibhUpatiH bhaTTin-zabdena lokaizca uttamamadhyama-adhamaprakatibhirjanaiH bhUpatirdeva zabdena zabdyata iti // [48-46] 201-202 // mAnya puruSoMko [ unake asalI nAmoMko chor3akara ] anya nAmoMse sambodhana karanA caahie| rAjAko parivrAjaka mAvi 'rAjan pabase aura vidUSaka 'vayasya' padase, prathama puruSa 'bhaTTI' padase tathA sAdhAraNa lokoMke dvArA 'deva' pabase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| [46]202 // ___ uttama prakRtise rahita yuvatI jo [ dUtI prAdike rUpameM ] bhejane yogya nahIM hai usako tathA bhejane yogya strI [preSyA] donoMko haMje padase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| devatA arthAt sarasvatI aadi| aura tapaHsthA arthAt kisI vizeSa vratake anuSThAnameM lagI huii| ye bonoM svatantra hoM kisI patike pAzrita na ho taba [bhagavat zabdase kahI jAtI hai / prarcanIya arthAt atyanta pUjya, aura bahuvidyA arthAt bahata pUjya ye praya' prAdi saMyoSitaH' arthAta apanI patniyoMke sahita, arthAt unakI patnI bhI 'bhagavat' zabbase vAcya hotI hai| yaha abhiprAya hai| aura mAnya janoMko prasiddha nAma chor3akara prazaMsAsUcaka dUsare nAmoMse samboSita kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-pramAtya, beSThin, vatsarAja, candravaMzake mauktikamariNa ! ityAdi [upanAmoM] ke dvArA sambodhita kiyA jAnA caahie| yaha kathana prAyika hai [maryAta prAyaH adhikatara isa prakArake nAmoMse samboSita karanA cAhie isalie cATukAritA mAvi [khuzAmada mASi] ke samaya 'mahArAja udayanake rAjya meM vipattiyoMkA avasara kahAM pA sakatA hai' ityAdi. meM apane prasiddha nAma dvArA bhI sampreSana kiyA jA sakatA hai| mAnyako chor3akara anya arthAt madhyama logoMko unake prasiddha nAmoMke dvArA hI sambo. pita karanA caahie| nIcake lie samboSita padoMko mAge kheNge| parivAjaka prAvi liMgapAriyoMke dvArA rAjAko rAjan pavase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai yaha agale vAkyake sAtha sambaddha hai| [rAjA parake upalakSaNa rUpa honese kauramya prAdi apatyArthaka pratyaya jinake antameM hoM isa prakArake zabdoM ke dvArA bhI {rAjAko samboSita kiyA jA sakatA hai| vidU
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________________ 400 ] nATyadarpaNam / kA0 203, sU0 297 kiMca[sUtra 267]-mitrAkhyAbhirvidU rAjA kumAro bhartR dArakaH / muni-zAkyau bhadanteti svaprasiddhaghA'paro vratI // [50] 303 / / sUtrI bhAvo'nugenAsau tena mArSaH samaH sakhA / ziSyAtmajAnujAH putra-vatsau tAto jarannapi / [51] 204 // saumyo bhadramukhazceti nIco haNDe tu pAmaraiH / yena karmAdinA yastu khyAtaH sa tadupAdhikaH // [52] 205 // vayasya-sakhItyAdayo mitraakhyaaH| tAbhividUSako rAjJA smbodhyH| sUtratvAcca 'vid' ityekadezanirdezo na virodhI / kumAro yuvarAjaH kaumAre vayasi vartamAno 'nyo vA eSa bhartR dAraka iti, bhartR dArako vA 'kumAra' ityAmadhAtavyaH / evaM kumAryapi SakoMke dvArA rAjAko 'vayasya' kahakara aura api zabdase 'rAjan' isa padase bhI sambodhita kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathamoM arthAt nIca prakRti vAloMke dvArA rAjAko 'bhaTTI' zabdase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai| uttama, madhyama tathA aSama prakRtike sAmAnya logoMke dvArA rAjAko 'deva' kahakara sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| [48-46] 201-202 // aura bhI [isI viSayameM prAge kahate haiM] [sUtra 297]-rAjAM vidUSakako mitra-vAcaka padoMse sambodhita karatA hai| svAmIke putrako kumAra pavase kahA jAtA hai| jaina tathA bauddha bhikSu bhavanta' padase samboSita hote haiM / anya vratI [tapasvI] loga apane-apane sampradAyameM prasiddha nAmoMse sambodhita hote haiN| [5.] 203 / sUtradhArako usakA anucara 'bhAva' zabdase pukAratA hai| aura vaha arthAt sUtradhAra usa [anucara] ko 'mASa' kahakara samboSita karatA hai| barAbara vAleko 'sakhA' kahakara aura ziSya, puna tathA choTe bhAIko kramazaH putra, vatsa tathA tAta kahakara samboSita kiyA jAtA hai| tAta zabbase vRkSa janoMko bhI sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai|[51] 204 / nodha puruSako [madhyama tathA uttama puruSoM ke dvArA] saumya bhadramukha kahakara aura nIcoM ke dvArA [nocako ho] harekahakara sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| aura jisa kAryake dvArA . jisakI prasiddhi hai usa kAryako karane vAlA usa-usa padase samboSita kiyA jAnA caahie| [52] 205 // vayasya, salA ityAdi mitra-bAdhaka pada haiM / unake dvArA rANA vidUSakako sambodhita karatA hai| [ina kArikAmoMke] sUtrarUpa honese isameM vidUSaka isa pUre pakke sthAnapara "vidU isa [mAya] padake prayogameM koI viroSa nahIM pAtA hai| kumAra arthAt kaumArAvasthAmeM vartamAna yuvarAja / athavA svAmI ke anya putra ko 'bhata bAraka' kahA jAtA hai / aSadA svAmI
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________________ -- kA0 205, sU0 267 ] caturtho vivekaH . [ 401 drssttvyaa| munirnimrantha5:, zAkyaH saugataH, etau bhadaMteti / thaparaH pAzupatAdivratI svasamayaprasiddhanAmabhirvAcyaH / yathA pAzupatasya bhApUrva 'bhAsarvajJa' ityAdi sambhASaNam / tathA sUtrI sUtradhAro anugena anucareNa kA 'bhAva'-zabdena smbhaassyH| aso ityanugaH sUtradhArAt kiMcinnyUnaguNaH tena sUtradhAreNa 'mArSa' itybhidhaatvyH| tathA samo vayo 'vasthA-guNAdinA tulyaH, samenaiva 'sakhA' iti vaacyH| mitrAbhidhAyinA zabdena sambhASya ityrthH| anena ca vidhAnena samasya prasiddhasvanAmnA sammASaNa na nissidhyte| asambhavAyogayorvyavacchedaphalatvAt sarvasyApi nAmavidhAnasya / tena AryAdinAmavidhAne'pi nAnyazabdena kiirtnnissedhH|| 'ziSyAtmajAnujAH' iti ziSyo dIkSito'dhyApitovA / AtmajaH putrH| anujo laghIyAn bhraataa| ete guru-janaka-jyeSThabhrAtRbhiH yathAsaMkhya putrazabdena vatsazabdena ca smbhaassyaaH| tAtazabdena punarjaran, api-zabdAta ziSyAtmajAnujAzca kiirtniiyaaH| tathA nIcaprakRtimadhyamottamAbhyAM 'saumya' iti 'bhadramukha' iti ca shbdyte| pAmarairnIcaiH punarnIca eva 'haMDe'-zabdena, upalakSaNAd 'are', 'haho' ityAdinA ca ke putra 'bhata vAraka' ko 'kumAra' kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra kumArIke lie bhI [bhartR dArikA padakA prayoga] samajhanA cAhie / muni arthAt digambara, jaina aura zAkya arthAta baukha-bhikSu / ina donoMko 'bhadanta' isa padase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai / pAzupatAdi anya sampradAyoMke sAdhu apane-apane sampradAyameM prasiddha nAmoMse sambodhita hote haiN| jaise pAzupata sAdhuke lie bhA-vAya ko pahale lagAkara 'bhA-sarvajJa' mAvi sambodhana kiyA jAtA hai| . aura sUtrI arthAt satradhArako anuga arthAt usake kicit nyUna guNa vAle .. anucarake dvArA 'bhAva' zabdase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai / aura 'prasauM arthAt anucarako joki sUtradhArase kicit nyUnaguNa vAlA hotA hai sUtradhAra dvArA 'bhASa zambase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai| aura barAbara vAle arthAt prAyu, dazA aura guNAvimeM apane samAna vyakti ko barAbara vAlA vyakti 'sakhA' kahakara arthAt mitra-vAcaka padoMse sambodhita karatA hai| isa vidhAnake dvArA barAbara vAleko usake prasiddha nAmase sambodhita karanekA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| ina sAre sambodhana-prakAroMke vidhAna kA prayojana asambhava [arthAt pratyantAyoga] aura prayoga-vyavaccheda karanA hI hai, isalie 'prAya Adi nAmoMke vidhAnameM bhI anya zabdoM ke dvArA samboSita karanekA niSeSa nahIM hai| "ziSyAtmajAnujAH' isameM ziSya arthAt jisako dIkSA dI ho athavA par3hAyA ho| mAtmaja arthAt putra / paura anuja arthAt choTA bhaaii| inako [kramazaH] guru, pitA aura bar3e bhAIke dvArA 'putra' zabdase aura 'vatsa' zabdase samboSita kiyA jAtA hai| 'tAta' zamdase [ziSya, putra aura choTe bhAIko to samboSita kiyA ho jAtA hai kintu inake atirikta] vRddha janoMko bhI sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai / 'api' zamse ziSya, putra tathA choTe bhAIko bhI 'sAta' zabdase sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| aura nIca prakRti vAleko uttama tathA madhyama loga . 'saumya', praura bhAmukha kahakara pukArate haiN| pAmaroM arthAt nIcoMke dvArA nIca puruSako hI 'haMDe' zabbase aura isake upalakSaNameM rUpa honese 'mare', 'haho' mAvi zamdoMse bhI pukArate haiN| 'yena' arthAt jisa karma
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________________ 402 ] nATyadapasAm / kA0 206, sU0 246 vaacyH| yeneti karma vANijya-kRSi-pAzupAlya-gIta-nRtta-vAdyavAdana-citra-rAjasevAzastra-zramAdivyApAraH / AdizabdAt jAti-kulAdigrahaH / yena kenacit karmAdinA yaH kazcita prasiddhaH sa tena karmAdinopAdhinA zabdapravRttinimittana saMkIrtanIyaH / yathA gAMdhikaH tAmbUlikaH, kRSIvalaH, pazupAlo, gopAlo, gAMdharvazcitrakaraH, sevakaH, vaidyaH, kSatriyo, brAhmaNa ityAdi / tathA svayaM vA yat kalpyate tadapi karmAdyanurUpyeNaiveti / / [50-52] 202-205 // atha kalpanIyanAmnAM kalpanAprakAramAha[sUtra 298]-zUre vikramasaMsUci kalpyaM nAmAtha vAriNaje / dattAntaM prAyazo vipre gotrakarmAnurUpyataH // [53] 206 // nRpastriyAM zubhaM dattA-senAntaM paNayoSiti / puSpAdivAcakaM ceTayAM ceTe maGgalakIrtanam // [54] 207 // * zUre sattvapradhAne puruSe vikramasya zauryasya saMsUcakaM nAma kalpanIyam / yathA arthAt vANijya, kRSi, pazu-pAlana, gIta, nRtya, vAdya-vAdana, citraracanA, rAjasevA, zastra aura zramAdi vyApArase [jo prasiddha ho usako usa upAdhike dvArA sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai] Adi zabdase jAti, kula prAvikA grahaNa hotA hai| jisa kisI karma prAdise jo koI prasiddha ho usako usa karma-sUcaka upAdhi prAdike dvArA arthAta usa upAdhiko nAma zabdakA pravRtti-nimitta mAnakara sambodhita karanA cAhie / jaise [itara, phulela prAdikA vyApAra karane vAleko] gAMdhika, [pAna becane vAleko] tAmbUlika, [khetI karanevAleko] kisAna, [kutte pAlane vAleko] zupAla [gAyoMkA pAlana karane vAleko] gopAla [saMgItase jIvikopArjana karane vAle ko] gAMdharva, [citraracanAkA kArya karane vAleko], citrakara [naukarIpezAko] sevaka, vaidya, kSatriya, brAhmaNa ityAdi [ye saba karma-nimittaka sambodhana-pada kahalAte haiM / aura jina nAmoMko svayaM kalpanA kI jAe ve bhI karma Adike anurUpa hI hone cAhie // [50-52] 203-205 / jaba Age kalpita kie jAne vAle nAmoMko kalpanA karaneke prakArako kahate haiM--- [sUtra 268]-zUra-vIra ke lie parAkrama-sUcaka nAmakI kalpanA karanI caahie| variNakA nAma aisA rakhanA cAhie jisake aMtameM datta mAtA ho aura brAhmaNakA nAma gotra evaM karmake anurUpa rakhanA cAhie / [53] 206 / rAjAkI rAnIkA zubha-sUcaka nAma kalpita karanA caahie| vezyAoM ke nAma aise banAne cAhie jinake anta meM 'dattA' yA 'senA' pada prAte hoN| ceTIke nAma phUla Adike Upara rakhane caahie| aura ceTaphA nAma kisI maMgala-vastukA sUcaka kalpita karanA caahie| [54] 207 / zUra arthAta parAkrama-pradhAna puraSake lie vikrama arthAt parAkramake saMsUcaka nAmako kalpanA karanI cAhie / jaise bhImaparAkrama arimardana aadi| baniyoM ke lie prAyaH arthAt
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________________ kA0 207, sU0 268 ] caturthI trivekaH [ 403 bhImaparAkramo'rimardana ityAdi / vANije punaH prAyazo bAhulyena dattazabdAntaM nAma - vidheyam / yathA samudradattaH sAgaradanta ityAdi / prAyovacanAda dhanapatirityAdyapi / vipre tu gotra-karmaNorAnurUpyeNa nAma kalpanIyam / yathA zAMDilyo . gArgyAyaNa ityAdi / zratharva zikaH sAmako agnihotriya ityAdi / prAyovacanAdagnizarmA somazarmA ityapi / tathA nRpastriyAM zubhaM zubhasaM sUcakaM nAma kartavyaM / yathA sulakSaNA vijayavatI ityAdi / paraNayoSiti vezyAyAM punardattAzabdAntaM senAzabdAntaM ca nAma karaNIyam / yathA devadattA, vasantasenA / prAyograharaNAd vidagdhamitrA vasantazrI rityAdyapi / tathA hari preSyAyAM yoSiti mAlinI mallikA ityAdIni puSpavAcakAni, AdizabdAt cUtalatikA priyaMgumaMjarI ityAdIni ca nAmAni kalpanIyAni / ceTe preSaNIyapuruSe punaH maMgalaM maMgalakAraNaM vastu kIrtyata zabdyate yena nAmnA tat siddhArtha ketyAdi siddhiM neyam / evamanyadapyatra uttama - madhyama adhamapAtrANAM prayojanAnusArato nAma rUpakeSu kIrtanIyamiti // 206-207 / / f tadevaM nATakAdIni vIthyatAni dvAdaza rUpANi saprapaJcaM lakSitAni // anyAnyapi rUpakAriNa dRzyate / yadAhu: adhikatara 'datta' zabda jisake aMtameM ho isa prakAra ke nAmako kalpanA karanI caahie| jaise samudravata, sAgaravanta ityAdi / prAyaH zabdakA grahaNa honese [vattAnta nAmoMko chor3akara anya prakArake mAmabhI baniyoMke rakhe jA sakate haiM] jaise dhanapati ityAdi / brAhmaNoMke nAma, gotra aura karmake anurUpa kalpita karane caahie| jaise zANDilya, gArgyAyaNa [ ye donoM nAma gotra-paraka haiM] aura prAthavaM rika, sAmaka, pragnihotriya ityAdi [ ye tInoM nAma karmake AdhArapara banAe gae haiM ] | rAjAkI strIke lie zubha arthAt maMgalakA sUcaka nAma kalpita karanA cAhie / jaise sulakSaNA yA vijayavatI ityAdi / paNayoSita prarthAt vezyAke lie dattA zabda yA senA zabda jisake aMta meM isa prakArake nAmako kalpanA karanI caahie| jaise devavattA, vasantasenA ityAdi / prAyaH zabdake grahaNase [ dattAnsa tathA senAnta nAmoM ko chor3akara ] vidagdhamitrA vasantI ityAdi [nAma bhI vezyAghroMke rakhe jA sakate haiM] / ceTI arthAt jisako [priyake pAsa dUtI zrAdike rUpa meM sandeza dekara ] bhejA jA sake isa prakArako [vizvastasevikA ] strIke lie mAlinI, mallikA ityAdi puSpavAcaka, aura Adi zabdase vRtalatikA, priyaMgumaMjarI ityAdi nAmoMkI bhI kalpanA ko jA sakatI hai| dhaura seTa arthAt bheje jA sakane yogya puruSake lie maMgala arthAt maMgalajanaka vastukA jisa zabda se kathana sUcita ho isa prakArakA nAma kalpita karanA caahie| jaise siddhArthaka yAdi nAma banAne caahie| isI prakAra yahA~ rUpakoM meM prayojanake anusAra uttama, madhyama tathA prathama pAtroMke nAma rakhane caahie| [5354] 206-207] " / isa prakAra nATaka se lekara vIthI- paryanta bAraha prakArake rUpakoMkA vistArapUrvaka vivecana yahA~ taka kara diyA gayA hai| [ ina bAraha prakArake rUpakoM ke pratirikta] grantha rUpaka bhI pAe jAte haiM / jaisA ki mAge kahate haiM
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________________ 404 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 208-10 sU0 266 [ sUtra 266-1] - viSkambhaka - pravezakarahito yastvekabhASayA bhavati / aprAkRta saMskRtayA sa saTTako nATikA / / 55 / / [2] - zrIriva dAnavazatroryasmin kulAMganA patyuH / varNayati zaurya-dhairyaprabhRti guraNAnagrataH sakhyAH // patyA ca vipralabdhA gAtavye taM kramAdupAlabhate / 'zrIgadita 'miti manISibhirudAhRto'sau padAbhinayaH // // 56 // [1] saTTaka viSkambhaka tathA pravezakase rahita, prAkRta-rahita kevala eka bhASAmeM [prarthAt saMskRta bhASA vAlA prAkRta se rahita aura prAkRta vAlA saMskRtase rahita] banAyA gayA, nATikA ke sadRza rUpaka 'saTTaka' nAmase kahA jAtA hai // 1 // sAhitya - varparakArane saTTakakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai-saTTakaM prAkRtAzeSa pAThya syAdapravezakam / na ca viSkambho'pyatra pracurazcAdbhuto rasaH // 276 // kA javanikAkhyAH syuH syAdanyannATikAsamam / yathA karpUramaMjarI / sAhityadarpaNakArake anusAra saTTakameM sArA pAThya bhAga kevala prAkRta bhASA meM likhA jAtA hai, kintu nATyadarpaNakAra ke anusAra saMskRta yA prAkRta kisI bhI eka bhASAmeM likhA jA sakatA hai / jo saTTaka prAkRta bhASA meM likhA jAe vaha saMskRta bhASAse rahita ho aura jo saMskRta meM likhA jAe vaha prAkRta bhASAse rahita ho / yaha nATyadarpaNakAra ke praprAkRta saMskRtayA ekabhASayA bhavati' kA abhiprAya pratIta hotA hai / [2] zrIgadita isameM bhI jahA~ dAnavazatru prarthAt viSNukI patnI lakSmIke samAna koI kulAMganA apane patike zaurya, dhairya prAdi gugoMkA sakhIke sAmane bakhAna karatI hai / aura patike dvArA ThagI jAnepara kisI gItameM usako upAlambha detI hai usako vidvAnoMne 'zrIgati' kahA hai / aura vaha [ padArthoMkA abhinaya na hokara kevala ] padAbhinayAtmaka hotA hai / / 56 / / sAhityadarpaNakArane 'zrIgadita' kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA haiprakhyAtavRttamekAMka prakhyAtodAttanAyakam | prasiddhanAyikaM garbha-vimarzAbhyAM vivarjitam // 263 // bhAratIvRttibahulaM zrItizabdena saMkulam / mataM zrIgaditaM nAma vidvadbhirUparUpakam // 264 // zrIrAsInA zrIgadite gAyet kiMcit paThedapi / ekAMko bhAratIprAya iti kecit pracakSate // 265 //
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________________ kA0 211, sU0 266 ] [3] - cauryaratapratibhedaM caturtho vivekaH cApi / yUnoranurAgavarNanaM yatra grAmyakathAbhi: kurute kila dUtikA rahasi // mantrayati ca tadviSayaM nyagjAtitvena yAcate ca vasu / labdhvApi labdhumicchati 'dumilitA' nAma sA bhavati / / 57 / [4] - prathamAnurAga - mAna- pravAsa-zRGgArasaMzrayaM yat syAt / prAvRD-vasantavarNanaparamanyad vApi sotkaNThas // zrante vIrarasAdyainibaddhametaccatubhirapasAraiH / prasthAnamiti bruvate pravAsamupalakSayat sudhiyaH // 58 // nRtyacchinnAni khaNDAnyaprasArAH // 58 // 211 // [ 405 [3] durmilitA jisameM koI vratI ekAnta meM grAmya [ grazlIla ] kathAnoM dvArA yuvaka aura yuvatiyoMke premakA varNana aura unake cauryaratakA prakAzana karatI hai / usake viSaya meM salAha karatI hai nIca jAtikI honese dhana mA~gatI hai / dhanake mila jAnepara bhI aura adhika dhana cAhatI hai usako 'durmilita' nAmaka rUpaka kahA jAtA hai // 57 // sAhityadarpaNakArane 'durmilitA' ke sthAnapara durmallikA Adi nAmoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai aura usakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai durmallI caturaMkA syAt kaizikI - bhAratIyutA / garbhA nAgara-narA nyUnanAyakabhUSitA // 303 // trinAliH prathamo'Gko'syAM viTakrIDAmayo bhavet / paMcanAlidvitIyo 'Gko vidUSakavilAsavAna // 304 // raNAlikastRtIyastu pIThamardavilAsavAn / caturtho dazanAliH syAdekaH krIDitanAgaraH / / 305 || [4] prasthAna prathama anurAga, mAna, pravAsa, zrRMgArarasase yukta varSA zraura vasantake varNana, athavA auaura bhI utkaNThA-pradarzaka sAmagrIse paripUrNa, antameM vIrarasa dvArA nibaddha kiyA gayA aura cAra apasAra [arthAt nRtya dvArA chinna honevAle khaNDoM] meM viracita [ uparUpakabhedakoM] vidvAn loga pravAsake sUcaka 'prasthAna' isa nAma se kahate haiM // 58 // nRtyake dvArA chinna honevAle [rUpakake] khaNDoMko apasAra kahate haiM / 'prasthAnaka' kA lakSaraNa sAhityadarpaNakArane nimna prakAra kiyA haiprasthAne nAyako dAso hInaH syAdupanAyakaH / dAsI ca nAyikA vRttiH kaizikI bhAratI tathA // 280 // surApAnasamA yogAduddiSTArthasya saMhatiH / kau dvau layatAlAdirvilAso bahulastathA // 281 //
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________________ 406 ] nATyadarpaNam [ kA0 212-14, sU. 266 [5]-goSThe yatra viharatazceSTitamiha kaiTabhadviSaH kiMcit / riSTAsurapramathanaprabhRti tadicchanti goSThIti // 56 // [6]-yamaNDalena nRttaM strINAM hallIsakaM tu tat prAhuH / tatrako netA syAd gopastrINAmiva murAriH // 60 // [7]-yasya padArthAbhinayaM lalitalayaM sadasi nartako kurute| tannartakaM zamyA lAsyacchalitadvipadyAdi // 61 // kinnaraviSayaM lAsyaM nRttaM zamyA / zRGgArarasapradhAnaM lAsyam / zRGgAra-vIra-raudrAdipradhAnaM chalitam / dvipadyAdayaH chndobhedaaH|| [-]-rathyA-samAja-catvara-surAlayAdI pravartyate bahubhiH / ____pAtravizeSaryat tat prekSaNakaM kAmadahanAdi // 62 // [5] goSThI jisameM goSThameM vihAra karanevAle kRSNake riTAmaravaSa prAdi jaise kisI vyApArakA pradarzana kiyA jAya usako 'goSThI' kahate haiM // 5 // sAhityadarpaNakArane 'goSThI'kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai prAkRtairnavabhiH pubhirdazabhirvApyalaMkRtA / nodAttavacanA goSThI kaizikIvRttizAlinI // 274 // hInA garbha-vimarzAbhyAM paMca-SaD yoSidanvitA / kAma-zRGgArasaMyuktA syAdekAkavinirmitA // 275 / / [6] hallIsaka striyoMkA jo-maNDalAkAra banAkara nAcanA hai usako 'hallIsaka' kahate haiM / gopiyoMka bIca kRSNake samAna usameM eka nAyaka hotA hai / 60 // sAhityadarpaNakArane hallIsakakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai hallIsaka eka evAMkaH saptASTau daza vA striyaH / vAgudAttaikapuruSaH kaizikIvRttirujvalA / / mukhyAntimau tathA sandhI bahutAlalayasthitiH // 307 // [7] zamyA sabhAmeM nartakI lalita layake sAtha jisake padArthokA pabhinaya karatI hai usa mRtyako zamyA, lAsya, chalita, dvipadI mAdi nAmoMse kahate haiN||61|| kinnaroMke nAcako 'zamyA' kahate haiN| zRMgArarasa pradhAna nRtta 'lAsya' kahalAtA hai| zRMgAra, bora aura rodrAdi pradhAna nRttako 'chalita' kahate haiM / 'vipadoM' mAvi [una nRttoMmeM gAeM jAnevAle chandoMke bheda hote haiN| [8] prekSaNaka - galImeM, samAjameM, caurAhe .. apavA mazAlA pAdimeM bahutase vizeSa prakArake pAtroM ke dvArA jisakA pradarzana kiyA jAya usa [nRtyavizeSa ko 'prekSaraeka' kahate haiN| vaise.kAmabahana prAdi [prekSaNakake udAharaNa // 12 //
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________________ kA0 215-17, sU0 266 ] caturtho vivekaH / 407 [6] SoDaza dvAdazAho vA yasmin nRtyanti nAyikA; / piNDIbandhAdivinyAsaH rAsakaM tadudAhRtam // piNDanAva tu bhavet piNDI gumphanAcchAlA bhaveda / bhedanAd medhako jAto, ltaajaalaapnodtH||63|| [10]-kAminIbhibhuvo bhatuzceSTitaM yat tu nRtyte| rAgAd vasantamAsAdya .sa zeyo nATyarAsakaH // 64 // sAhityadarpaNakArane 'prekSaNakam' ke sthAnapara 'prekSaNam' nAmakA prayoga kiyA hai aura usakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai garbhAvamarzarahitaM presaNaM hInanAyakam / asUtradhAramekAMkamaviSkambha - pravezakam // 286 // niyuddhasampheTayutaM sarvavRttisamAzritam / nepathye gIyate nAndI tathA tatra prarocanA // 287 // [[] rAsaka jisameM solaha, bAraha yA pATha striyA [mAyikAeM] piNIbandha mAvikI racanA dvArA nAcatI haiM usako 'rAsaka' kahA jAtA hai| [nAcane vAliyoM ke eka sAtha ikaTThe ho jAneko pisI kahate haiN| eka-dUsarese muMpa: kara [mAdana] zRMkhalA kahalAtI hai| pUrva gumphita] latAjAlako tor3akara alaga ho jAneko bhetaka kahate haiM // 63 // sAhityadarpaNakArane 'rAsaka'kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai rAsakaM paMcapAtraM syAt mukha-nirvahaNAnvitam / bhASA-vibhASAbhUyiSThaM bhAratIkaizikIyutam // 288 // asUtradhAramekAMkaM savIthyaMgaM kalAnvitam / zliSTanAndIyutaM khyAtanAyika mUrkhanAyakam // 28 // udAttabhAvavinyAsasaMzritaM cottrottrm| iha pratimukhasandhimapi kecit pracakSate // 26 // [10] nATya-rAsaka basanta mAvi[unmAvaka] RtuoMke mAnepara striyoMke dvArA rAgAvi mAvezameM jo rAjAmoM ke paritrakA nRtya dvArA pradarzana kiyA jAtA hai usako 'nAvya-rAsaka' kahA jAtA hai // 4 // sAhityadarpaNakArane nATyarAsakakA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai nATyarAsakamekAMka bahutAlalayasthiti // 287 // udAttanAyaka tadvatpIThama>panAyakam / hAsyo'nayatra sazRGgAro nArI vAsakasajjikA // 278 // mukhanirvahaNe sandhI lAsyAMgAni dazA'pi ca / kecit pratimukha sandhimiha necchanti kevalam // 27 //
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________________ 408 ] ... nATyadarpaNama [ kA0 218, sU0 266 [11]-pAkSiptikAya varNo mAtrAdhruvako'pyabhagnatAlazca / paddhatikA chardanikA yatra syustaviha kAvyamiti // 65 // [12]-hari-hara-bhAnu-bhavAnI-skanda-pramathAdhipastutinibaddhaH / uddhata-karaNaprAyaH strIvoM varNanAyuktaH // yadi caiva zuddhavAcA zuddhaH saMkorNayA ca saMkIrNaH / sarvAbhirbhASAbhicitrazca viceSTitazcitraH // prayamuddhato'tha lalito bhAraNo lalitoddhatazca sambhavati / arthAnAmauddhatyAllAlityAdubhayasattvAcca // 62 // [13]-yad duSkaramabhineyaM citraM cAtyuTaM ca sambhavati / tad bhAraNake 'bhineyaM yutamanutAlavitAlazca // prAyo haricaritayutaH svIkRtagAthAdivarNamAtrazca / sukumArataH prayogAd bhAraNo'pi hi bhAriNakA bhavati // 63 // ityAdIni // 63 // [11] kAvya jisameM prAkSiptakA, varNa, mAtrA, dhrava aura na TUTanevAlA tAla, paDhatikA paura varSanikA jisameM ho usako 'kAvya' kahate haiM // 65 // [12] bhANa viSNa, mahAdeva, sUrya, pArvatI, skanda aura pramathAdhipako stutimeM nigaDa kiyA gayA, ukta karaNoMse yukta, strI pAtroMse rahita, yadi zuddha saMskRta vANo dvArA varNanAyukta ho to zuddha paura yadi [saMskRta tathA prAkRtake] saMkara [dvArA kie gae varNana] se yukta ho to saMkoraNaM [bhAraNa kahalAnevAlA] saba prakArako bhASAoM aura nAnA prakArake vyApAroMse vicitra yaha bhAraNa uddhata [usameM variNata viSayoMke udata lalita tathA ubhayAtmaka honese usata, lalita tathA lalitoddhata [bhevase tIna prakArakA ho sakatA hai| aura usa bhAraNameM abhineya vastu anutAla tathA vitAloMse yukta hotA hai / / 62 // [13] bhANikA adhikatara viSNuke caritase yukta striyoM dvArA gAthA [chanva], varNa aura mAtrAmoMkI racanA jisameM kI jAya isa prakArakA bhAga bhI sukumAratAke prayoga ke [vikhalAneke kAraNa] bhAriNakA kahalAtA hai // 63 / sAhityadarpaNakArane bhAraNa tathA bhAriNakAke lakSaNa nimna prakAra kie haiM bhANikA zlakSaNanepathyA mukha-nirvahaNAnvitA / kaizikI-bhAratIvRttiyuktakAGkavinirmitA . // 308 // udAttanAyikA mandapuruSAtrAGgAsaptakam / upanyAso'tha vinyAso vibodhaH sAdhvasaM tathA // 306 //
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________________ upasaMhAraH ] caturtho vivekaH [ 40 . __etAni ca svalpamAtraraMjanAnimittatvAda, vRddhairanabhihitatvAcca vRttAveva kItitAnIti / zabda-pramANa-sAhitya-chandolakSmavidhAyinAm / / zrIhemacandrapAdAnAM prasAdAya namo namaH // 1 // paropanItazabdArthAH, svanAmnA kRtakIrtayaH / nibaddhAro'dhunA tena, ko nau klezamaveSyati // 2 // na sUtra-vRttyorAdhikyaM na hInatvaM na kunntthtaa| yAvadarthA giraH santi svayaM santo vivecatAm // 3 // zabdalakSma-pramAlakSma-kAvyalakSma-kRtabhamaH / vAgvilAsastrimArgo nau pravAha iva jAhra jaH // 4 // rUpasvarUpaM vijJAtu yadIcchata athAsthitam / santastadAnIM gRhIta nirmalaM nATyadarpaNama // 5 // samarpaNaM nivRttizca saMhAra iti sptmH| upanyAsaH prasaMgena bhavet kAryasya kItenam / / 310 // nirvedavAkyavyutpattirvinyAsa iti sa smRtaH / bhrAntinAzo vibodhaH syAnmithyAkhyAnaM tu sAdhvasama // 311 // sopAlambhavacaH kopapIDayeha samarpaNam / nidarzanasyopanyAso nivRttiriti kathyate // 312 // saMhAra iti ca prAhuyet kAryasya samApanam / / inake svalpa mAtrAmeM hI manoraMjaka hone tathA bharatamuni [vRddha] ke dvArA na kahe jAneke kAraNa [inako hamane mUla graMthameM na dikhalAkara yahA~] vRttibhAgameM hI dikhalAyA hai| vyAkaraNa, nyAya, sAhitya tathA chandaHzAstrake lakSaNa graMthoMkI racanA karanevAle zrI pUjya prAcArya hemacandrajIko prasannatAke lie hama unako namaskAra karate haiM // 1 // ___ Ajakala ki graMyakAra prAya:] dUsaroMke zamvoM aura proMko lekara apane nAmase [graMtha racanA-dikhalAkara kotikA upArjana karate haiM [isI dazAmeM isa graMtha kI racanAmeM uThAe hue] hamAre klezako kauna samajhatA hai // 2 // _[hamAre isa graMthameM] na sUtrakA prAdhikya hai aura na vRtibhaagkaa| na kisI bhAgameM kamI hai aura na [kuNThatA arthAt aspaSTatA hai| vidvAna loga svayaM hI dekha leM ki isameM jitanA artha kahanA hai utane hI zabdoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| [anAvazyaka kucha bhI nahIM likhA gayA hai aura na apekSita vAtako chor3A ho gayA hai] // 3 // vyAkaraNazAstra, nyAyazAstra aura sAhityazAstrameM zramako pradarzita karanevAlA hama donoMkI vANIkA pravAha gaMgAko pArAke samAna tIna dhArAmoM vAlA hai / / 4 // he sajjana puruSoM yadi mApa rUpakoMke vAstavika svarUpako dekhanA cAhate ho to isa nirmala nAvyadarpaNako prahaNa kIthie / [isa nirmala nAvyAparaNameM hI rUpakoMke svarUpako yathArtha varzana ho skegaa|
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________________ 410 ] nATyadarpaNama [ upasaMhAraH - iti zrI rAmacandra-guNacandraviracitAyAM svopakSanATyadarpaNAvivRttI sarvarUpakasAdhAraNalakSaNanirNayo nAma caturtho viveka : mI rAmacanna-guNacana viracita svanirmita nAvyadarpaNako vivRtti meM sabasapakoMke samAna viSayoMkA pratipAdana karanevAlA caturva viveka samAma humA // uttarapradezastha 'pIlIbhIta' manDalAntargata 'makatula' prAmanivAsinA bhI zivalAla-balazI-mahodayAnAM tanujanuvA vRndAvanasya-gurukula vizvavidyAlayASigataviyena, tatratyAcAryapavamadhitiSThatA, ema0 e0 itpupapavAriNA vidyAmArtaDena' bhImadAbAryavizvezvarasiddhAntaziromaNinA viracitA 'mAyAparaNadIpikA' himbomyAlyA smaaptaa| samAptazcArya pranyaH / . samApta
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________________ pariziSTa [1] rAmacandra-guNacandrasaMsUtritaM nATyadarpaNam (mUlam) atha nATakanirNayaH prathamo vivekaH caturvargaphalAM nityaM, jainI vAcamupAsmahe / spadizabhirvizvaM, yayA nyAyye dhRtaM pathi // 1 // abhineyasya kAvyasya, bhUribhedabhRtaH kiyat / kiyato'pi prasiddhasya, dRSTaM lakSma pracakSmahe // 2 // nATakaM prakaraNaM ca, nATikA prakaraNyatha / vyAyogaH samavakAraH bhANaH prahasanaM ddimH|| 3 // mata IhAmRgo vIthI, catvAraH srvvRttyH| trivRttayaH pare tvaSTau, kauzikI-parivarjanAt / / 4 / / khyAtAdharAjacaritaM, dharma-kAmArthasatphalam / sAtopAya-dazA-sandhi, divyAGga tatra nATakam // 5 // uddhatodAtta-lalita zAntA dhiir-vishessnnaa:| vA: svabhAvAzcatvAraH, netRNAM madhyamottamAH // 6 // devA dhIroddhatA dhIrodAttAH sainyeza-mantriNaH / dhIrazAntA variNag-viprAH, rAjAnastu caturvidhAH // 7 // dhIroddhatazcalazcaNDaH, dI dambhI vikatthanaH / / dhIrodAtto'tigambhIraH, nyAyI sattvI kSamI sthiraH / / 8 / / zRGgArI dhIralalitaH, kalAsaktaH sukhI mRduH| dhIrazAnto'nahaGkAraH, kRpAluvinayI nayI // 6 // mukhyamiSTaphalaM vRttam, aGga prAsaGgika kvacit / sUcyaM prayojyamamyUhyam, upekSyaM taccaturvidham / / 10 / /
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________________ prathamo vivekaH nIrasAnucitaM sUkhyaM, prayojyaM tadviparyayaH / UhyaM tadavinAbhUtam, upekSyaM tu jugupsitam // 11 / / prakAzaM jJApyamanyeSAM, svagataM svahadi sthitam / parAvRtya rahasyAsyA'nyasmai tabapavAritam // 12 // tripatAkAntaro'nyena, jalpo yastajjanAmnikam / pAkAzoktiH svayamprazna-pratyusaramapAtrakam // 13 // svalpapacaM laghugacaM, zliSTAvAntaravastukam / sindhu-sUryendu-kAlAdi-varNanAdhikyavajitam // 14 // ekAGgirasamanyAGgam, adbhutAntaM rasomibhiH / palacitamalaGkAra-kathA-maragalavU-rasam // 15 // uktatvAd vakSyamANatvAd, bhUyaHkAryAd yaducyate / tat karNe zrAvayed yena, na yAti punaruktatAm / / 16 / / gopuccha-keza-kalpAni, nATyavastUni kalpayet / udAttA rakhakA bhAvAH, sthApanIyA: puraH puraH / / 17 // prayuktaM ca viruddhaM ca, nAyakasya rasasya vA / vRttaM yat tat parityAjyaM, prakalpyamayavA'nyathA // 18 // avasthAyAH samAptirvA, chedo vA kAryayogataH / maGkaH sabindu zyArthaH, caturyAmo muhUrtataH / / 16 // AvazyakAvirodhyarthaH, svalpapAtraH snigmH| pazcasayo'pakarSeNa, dazasaGgyaH prakarSataH / / 20 // mabhidhAtaH praSAvasya, neturgrathyo na kutracit / bandhaH palAyanaM sandhiH, yojyo vA phalalipsayA // 21 // dUrAdhvayAnaM pUroSaH, rAjya-dezAdi-viplavaH / rataM mRtyuH samIkAdi, vayaM viSkambhakAdibhiH // 22 // makAnahasya vRttasya, trikaalsyaanurnyjinaa| saGkSipya saMskRtenoktiH, mAdI madhyamaijanaiH // 23 // zuddho viSkambhakastatra, saGgINoM niic-mdhymH| masandhAyakaH zakya-sandhAnAtItakAlavAn // 24 // evaM pravezako nIcaH, parArthaH prAkRtAdinA / eto prabhUtakAryatvAta, nATakAdicatuSTaye // 25 // alAsyamantapAtreNa, binAGkamukhayojanam / vastunA sUcanaM cUlA, pAtranepathyasaMsthitaH // 26 //
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________________ prathamo vivekA so'GkAvatAro yat-pAtraH, praGkAntaramasUcanam / prAcI sUcye bahAvanye, kramAdalpe tare tame / / 27 / / bIjaM patAkA prakarI, binduH kArya yathAruci / phalasya hetavaH paJca, cetanAcetanAtmakAH // 28 // stokoddiSTaH phalaprAntaH, heturbIja prarohaNAt / pAvimarza patAkA cet, cetanaH sa parArthakRt // 29 // cintitApiraprAptiH, vRtta ytropkaarinnii| patAkAsthAnakaM tat tu, caturdhA maNDanaM kvacit // 30 // sahaseSTArthalAbhazca, zliSTasAtizayA ca vAg / parthA cAprakaTe zliSTa-spaSTapratyabhidhA'pi ca // 31 // prakarI cet kvacid bhAvI, cetno'nypryojnH| hetokchede'nusandhAnaM, bahUnAM bindurAphalAt // 32 // sAdhye bIjasahakArI, kArya kAryastu mukhytaa| patAkAyAH pradhAnatve'nusandhiH sUcanA''dibhiH // 33 // bhArambha-yatna-prAptyAzA-niyatApti-phalAgamAH / netutte pradhAne syuH, pazcAvasthA dhruvaM kramAt // 34 // phalAyautsukyamArambhaH, prayatno vyApUto tvraa| phalasambhAvanA kizcit, prAptyAzA hetumAtrataH // 35 // niyatAptirupAyAnAM, sAkalyAt kAryanirNayaH / sAkSAdiSTArthasambhUtiH, nAyakasya phalAgamaH // 36 // mukha pratimukhaM garbhAmarza-nirvahaNAnyamI / sandhayo mukhyavRttAMzA;, paJcAvasthA'nugA: kramAt // 37 // mukhaM pradhAnavRttAMzaH, bIjotpatti-rasAzrayaH / pratimukhaM kiyallakSya-bIjodATa-samanvitaH // 38 // bIjasyonmukhyavAna garbhaH, lAbhAlAma-gaveSaNaH / udbhinnasAdhya-vighnAtmA, vimarzI vyasanAdibhiH // 39 // sabIjavikRtAvasthA: nAnA-bhAvA mukhaadyH| phalasaMyogino yasmin, aso nirvahaNo dhra vam // 40 // upakSepaH parikaraH, parinyAsaH smaahitiH| udbha daH karaNaM catAnyatraivAtha vilobhanam // 41 // bhedanaM prApaNaM yukti, vidhAna paribhAvanA / sarvasandhidhvamUni syuH, dvAdazAcaM mukhaM dhruvam // 42 //
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________________ x] prathamo vivekaH bIjasyaptirupakSepaH svalpavyAsaH parikriyA | vinizcayaH parinyAsaH, punarnyAsaH samAhitiH / / 43 / / svalpapraroha udbhedaH karaNaM prastutakriyA / vilobhanaM stutergAyaM, bhedanaM pAtranirgamaH // 44 // prApaNaM sukhasamprAptiH, yuktiH kRtyavicAraNA / vidhAnaM sukha-duHkhAptiH, vismayaH paribhAvanA / / 45 / / vilAso dhUnanaM rodhaH, sAntvanaM varNa saMhRtiH / narma narmadyutistApaH syuretAni yathAruci / / 46 / / puSpaM pragamanaM vajram, upanyAsopasarpaNam / paJcAvazyamapyaGgAni pratimukhe trayodaza // / 47 / / vilAso na striyorIhA, ghUnanaM sAmnyanAdaraH / roSo'tiH sAntvanaM sAma, pAtrodho varNaM saMhRtiH // 48 // krIDAye hasanaM narma doSAvRttau tu tadudyutiH / apAyadarzanam tApa:, puSpaM vAkyaM vizeSavat // 49 // pragamaH prativok zreNiH, vajra pratyakSakarkazam / upapattirupanyAsaH, naSTeSTehA'nusarpaNam // 50 // saGagraho rUpamanumA, prArthanodAhRtiH kramaH / udvego vidravazcaMd, guraNataH kAryamaSTakam // 51 // prakSepo'dhilaM mArgo'satyA haraNa- toTake | paMcatAni pradhAnAni, garbhe'GgAni trayodaza / / 52 / / saGgrahaH sAma-dAnAdiH, rUpaM nAnArthasaMzayaH / anumA nizcayo liGgAt, prArthanA bhAvayAcanam // 53 // udAhRtiH samutkarSaH, kramo bhAvasya nirNayaH / udvego bhordravaH zaGkhA''kSepo bIjaprakAzanam // 54 // adhibala balAdhikyaM, mArgastattvArthazaMsanam / asatyAharaNaM chadma toTakaM - garbhitaM vacaH // 55 // dravaH prasaGgaH sampheTo'pavAdAzchAdanaM dyutiH / khedo virodha: saMrambhaH bhaveyurgaraNato nava / / 56 / / zakti prarocanA''dAna vyavasAyAstu mukhyataH / trayodazAGgAnyAmarze, dravaH pUjyavyatikramaH // 57 // prasaGgo mahatAM kIrtiH, sampheTa: krodhajaM vacaH / apavAdaH parIvAdaH, chAdanaM manyumArjanam // 58 //
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________________ prathamo vivekA tiraskAro iti: khedaH, zrama: kAya-mano-bhavaH / virodhaH prastutajyAni, saMrambhaH zaktikIrtanam // 56 / / kaddhaprasAdanaM zaktiH bhAvisiddhiH prarocanA / phalasAmIpyamAdAnaM, vyavasAyo'rthya hetuyuk // 60 / / sandhinirodho grathanaM nirNaya: paribhASaNam / upAstiH kRtirAnandaH, samayaH parigRhanam / / 61 / / bhASaNaM kAvyasaMhAra-pUrvabhAva prshstyH| caturdazAGgo nirvAhaH, sandhiIja-phalAgamaH / / 62 // nirodha: kAryamImAMsA, prathanaM kAryadarzanam / nirNayo'nubhavakhyAtiH, paribhASA svanindanam // 63 // sevopAsti: kRtiH kSemam, prAnando vaanychitaagmH| samayo duHkhanirvAsodutApti: parigRhanam // 64 // bhASaNaM sAma-dAnoktiH, prAgbhAva: kRtyadarzanam / varecchA kAvyasaMhAraH prazasti: zubhazaMsanA / / 65 / / iti zrIrAmacandra-guNacandraviracite nATayadarpaNasUtre nATakanirNayo nAma prathamo vivekaH // 1 // prathaH prakaraNAghekAdazarUpanirNayo dvitIyo vivekaH prakaraNaM variNag-vipra-saciva-svAmyasaMkarAt / mandagotrAGganaM divyAnAzritaM madhyaceSTitam // 1 // dAsa-zrISThi-viTayukta, klezADhaya tacca sptdhaa| kalpyena phala-vastUnAm, eka-dvi-tri-vidhAnataH // 2 // kulastrI gRhavArtAyAM, paNyastrI tu viparyaye / / viTe patyo dvayaM tasmAd ekaviMzatidhA'pyadaH // 3 // atrAkalpyaM purA kluptaM, yadvA'nArSamasadguNam / / zeSaM nATakavat sarva, kaizikIpUrNatAM vinA // 4 // caturaGkA bahustrIkA, nRpezA strii-mhiiphlaa| kalpyArthA - kaizikI-mukhyA, pUrvarUpadvayotthitA / / 5 / / prakhyAti-khyAtitaH kanyA-devyornATI caturvidhA / patra mukhyAkRto yogaH, paryante neturanyayA / / 6 / /
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________________ 61 dvitIyo vivekaH premAdroM vartate'nyasthAM, netA mukhyAbhizaGkitaH / devI dakSA'parA mugdhA, samA dharmA dvayoH punaH // 7 // krodha - prasAda - pratyUha-rati-cchAdi bhUrizaH / evaM prakaraNI kintu netA prakaraNoditaH // 8 // ekAhacaritaikAGko, garbhAmarzavivarjitaH / astrInimittasaGgrAmo, niyuddha-spardhanoddhataH // e // svalpayoSajjanaH rUpAta vasturdIptarasAzrayaH / divya bhUpatisvAmI, vyAyogo nAyikAM vinA / / 10 / / vizeyaH samavakAraH syAtArthaM nirvimarzakaH / udAttadeva-daityezo, vIthyaGgI vIra raudravAn // 11 // atra dvAdaza netAraH phalaM teSAM pRthak pRthak / aGkAstrayastrizRGgArA, trikapaTA strividravAH // 12 // SaDyugmekamuhUrtAH syuH, niSTitArthAH svakAryataH / mahAvAkye ca sambaddhA:, kramAd dvaya kaikasandhayaH // 13 // zRGgArastrividho dharma - kAmArtha phalahetukaH / vaya - vaJcayaka- devebhyaH sambhavI kapaTastridhA // 14 // jIvAjIvobhayotthaH syAd, vidravastriramISu tu / pratyekamaGkaSvekaH, padyaM ca sragdharA''dikam / / 15 / / bhANaH pradhAna zRGgAra-voro mukhanirvAhavAn / ekAGkI dazalAsyAGgaH, prAyo lokAnuraJjakaH / / 16 / / eko viTo vA dhUrtovA, vezyA''deH svastha vA sthitim / vyomoktyA varNayedatra, vRttirmukhyA ca bhAratI // 17 // vaimukhyakAryaM vISyaGgiH khyAtakolIna dambhavat / hAsyAGgi mAraNa sandhyaGka-vRtti prahasanaM dvidhA // 18 // nindya pAkhaNDi viprAdeH, azlIlA'sabhya-varjitam / parihAsavaca:- prArya, zuddhamekasya ceSTitam / / 19 / / saGkIrNamuddhatAkalpa - bhASA''cAra-paricchadam / bahUnAM bandhakI- ceTa-vezyA''dInAM viceSTitam // 20 // prazAnta- hAsya zRGgAra-vimarzaH khyAtavastukaH / raudramukhyazcaturaGkaH sendrajAla - raNo DimaH / / 21 // pratrolkApAta-nirghAtAH, candra-sUryoparaktayaH / surAsura-pizAcAdyAH, prAyaH SoDaza nAyakAH / / 22 / /
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________________ dvitIyo vivekaH utsRSTikAGkaH puMsvAmI, khyAtayuddhotthavRttavAn / bhANoktasandhi-vRttyaGgaH, vAgyuddhaH karuNAGgikaH // 23 // nirvedavAco bhUmnAtra, yoSitAM paridevitam / narA nivRttasaGgrAmAH, ceSTAzcitrA visaMsthulAH // 24 // IhAmagaH savIthyaGgaH, divyezo dRptamAnavaH / ekAzcaturaGko vA syAtAkhyAtetivRttavAn // 25 // divyastrIhetusaGgrAma:, nirvizvAsa: saviDvaraH / sthyapahAra-bheda-daNDaH, prAyo dvAdazanAyakaH / / 26 / / vyAjenAtra raNAbhAvaH, vadhAsanne zarIriNi / vyAyogoktA rasAH sandhi-vRttayo'nucitA ratiH / / 27 // sarvasvAmirasA vIthI, tvekAGkA dvaya kapAtrikA / mukhanirvAhasandhi: syAt, sarvarUpopayoginI // 28 // gyAhAro'dhivalaM gaNDaH, prapaJcastrigataM chlm| asatpralApo vAkkelI, nAlikA mRdavaM matam // 26 // uddhAtyakAvalagite, athAvaspanditaM smRtam / bhAratIvattivartIni, vIthyaGgAni trayodaza // 30 // anyArthA bhAvidRSTiA, vyAhAro hAsyalezagIH / mitho jalpe svapakSasya, sthApanA'dhibalaM balAt // 31 // gaNDo'kasmAd yadanyArtha, prastutAnugataM vcH| prapaJcaH sastavaM hAsya, mitho mithyakalAbhakRt / / 32 // trigataM zabdasAmyena, bhinnasyArthasya yojanam / vaco'nyAyaM chalaM hAsya-vaJcanA-roSakAraNam / / 33 / / asatpralAstattvena, hitaM yannAvagamyate / praznottaraM tu vAkkelI, hAsyA vAk prativAgapi // 34 / / hAsyAya vazcanA vAlI, vyatyayo gunn-dossyoH| mRdavaM parasparaM syAd, udghAtyaM gUr3ha bhASaNam // 35 // taccAvala gitaM siddhiH, kAryasyAnyamiSeNa yaa| svecchoktasyAnyathA''syAnaM, yadavaspanditaM tu tat / / 36 // svAM svAM vaizeSikoM hitvA, sandhi-vRttyAdiko sthitim / sAmAnyA nATakasyAnyA, vijJayA rUpakAntare / / 37 // iti zrIrAmacandra-guNacandraviracite nATayadarpaNe prakaraNAdya kAdazarUpanirNayo nAma dvitIyo viveka; samAptaH / / 2 //
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________________ prathaH vRtti-rasa-bhAvabhinaya-vicAraH tRtIyo vivekaH bhAratI sAtvatI kaizikyArabhaTI ca vRttayaH / rasa-bhAvAbhinayagA:, catasro nATya-mAtaraH // 1 // srvruupkgaaminyaamukh-prrocnosthitaa| prAya: saMskRtani:zeSa rasADhyA vAci bhAratI // 2 // vidUSaka-naTI-mAH, prastutAkSepi bhASaNam / sUtradhArasya vakrokta-spaSTokta yat tadAmukham / / 3 / / vAkyArya-samayAvAnaH, bhAvoktaM : pAtrasaGkramaH / pUrvaraGga guNastutyA, sabhyonmukhyaM prarocanA // 4 // sAtvatI sattva-vAgaGgAbhineyaM karma maansm| sAvAdharSa-mudharya-rodra-vIra-zamAdbhutam // 5 // kaiziko hAsya-zRGgAra-nATya-dharmabhidAtmikA / mArabhaTyanRta-dvandva-chama-dIptarasAnvitA // 6 // . sthAyI bhAva: zritotkarSaH, vibhAva-vyabhicAribhiH / spaSTAnubhAvanizceyaH, sukha-duHkhAtmako rasaH // 7 // kAryahetuH sahacArI, sthAyyAde: kAryavarmani / anubhAvo vibhAvazca, vyabhicArI ca kIrtyate // 8 // zRGgAra-hAsya-karuNAH, raudra-vIra-bhayAmakAH / bIbhatsAha ta-zAntAzcaM, rasA: sadabhirnava smRtAH // 6 // sambhoga-vipralambhAramA, zRGgAraH prathamo bahuH / / mAna-pravAsa-zApecchA-virahaiH paJcadhA'paraH // 10 // strii-pus-kaavy-giit-maaly-bressessttkelijaa| abhineyaH sa cotsAha-cATu-tApAnmanyubhiH / / 11. // vikRtAcAra-jalpAlAkalpalya-vismApanodbhavaH / hAsyo'syAbhinayo nAsA-spandAzra-jaThara-grahaH // 12 // mRtyu-bandha-banaza-zApa-vyasana-sambhavaH / ' karuNo'bhinayastasya, vASpa-vaivarNya-nindanaH // 14 // prhaaraasty-maatsry-droh-vrssaapniitijH| rohaH sa vAbhinetanyaH, ghAta-dantoSTha-pIDanaiH // 15 //
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________________ tRtIyo vivekaH parAkrama-bala- nyAya yazastatva vinizcayaiH / vIro'bhinayanaM tasya, dhairya-romAJca dAnataH // 16 // patAkA kIrti- raudrAji-zUnya-taskara doSajaH / bhayAnakosbhinetavyaH, stambha - romAJca- kampanaH / / 17 / / jugupsanIyarUpAdi-parazlAghA-samudbhavaH / bIbhatso'bhinayazcAsya, niSThevodvega-nindanaH // 18 // divyendrajAla - ramyAthaM darzanAbhISTasiddhitaH / adbhutaH so'bhinetavyaH, zlAghA- romAJca harSataH // 16 // saMsArabhaya-vairAgya-tatva zAstra vimarzanaH : / zAnto'bhinayanaM tasya, kSamA dhyAnopakArataH // 20 // artha - zabda vapuH kAvyaM rasaH prANavisarpati / praJjasA tena sauhArda, raseSu kavimAninAm / / 21 / / na tathA'yaM - zabdotprekSAH, zlAghyAH kAvye yathA rasaH / vipAkakamramapyAzram, udvejayati nIrasam // 22 // ekatra svaritostulya- zaktyoryoge viruddhatA / doSosnaucityamaGgItham, prapoSo'tyuktiraGgit // 23 // ratirhAsazca zokazca krodhotsAho bhayaM tathA / jugupsA - vismaya - zamAH, rasAnAM sthAyinaH kramAt // 24 // nirveda glAnyapasmAra - zaGkA'sUyA-mada- zramAH / cintA cApalamAvegaH, matirvyAdhiH smRtiSu tiH // 25 // zramarSo maraNaM mohaH, nidrA-suptIca hRSTayaH / viSAdonmAda - danyAni, vrIDA trAso vitarkaraNam // 26 // rat sukyA vahisthAni, jADyAlasya-vibodhanam / trayastrazad yathAyogaM, rasAnAM vyabhicAriNaH // 27 // nirvedastatvadhI - klezaH, vairasyaM zvAsa- tApakRt / glAniH pIDA jarA''yAsaH, prazaktiH kAzyaM kampa bhAk / / 28 / vaikalyaM grahadoSebhyo'pasmAro nindyaceSTitaH / zahara sva-para-vIrAtyAd, daulanaM zyAmatA''diyuk // 29 // dveSAdeH sadguNAzAntiH, prasUyAM doSadarzanI / jyeSThAdI munmado madyAt, nidrAhAsyAzrukRt kramAt // 10 // zramo ratAdibhiH sAthaH, sveda-zvAsAdi kAraNam / prAdhizvintA priyAnApteH zUnyatA-bavAsa-kAvyaMyuk // 31 // [e
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________________ tRtIyo vivekA cApalaM sAhasaM rAga-dveSAdeH svaritA'dimat / pAvegaH sambhramo'takkarSAd, vikartAGga-mano-girAm // 32 // pratibhAnaM matiH zAstra-tarkAd bhrAnticchidAdikRt / doSebhyo'Gga-mana:-klezaH, vyAdhiH stanita-kampavAn // 33 // dRSTAbhAsaH smRtistulya-dRSTayAdedhUnatikriyA / tirzAneSTalAbhAdeH, santuSTidehapuSTikRt / / 34 / / kSepAdeH pratikArecchA'marSo'smin kampanAdayaH / vyAdhyAdemutyusaGkalpa: maruNaM vikalendriyam / / 35 // pracaMtanyaM prahArAde: moho'trAghUrNanAdayaH / indriyAvyApRtinidrA, khedAdemUrdhakampinI / / 36 / / suptaM nidrAprakarSo'tra, svapnAyita-khamohane / duSTe'parAdhAnnaghaNyam, progra bandha-vadhAdibhiH // 37 // harSaH prasattiriSTApteH, atra svedAzra-gadgadAH / viSAdastAntiriSTasyAnApteniHzvAsa-cintanaH // 38 / / manoviplutirunmAdaH, graha-doSarayuktakRt / prApadaH svAntanIcatvaM, dainyaM kAAvaguNThanaH // 36 / / vrIDA'nutApa-gurvAdeH, pradhASyaM gAtragopakam / ghorAccakitatA trAsaH, kAyasaGkoca-kampitaH / / 40 // ekasambhAvanaM tarkaH, vAdAderaGganartakaH / mAtmanyAdhikyadhIrgaH, vidyA''deranyarIDhayA // 41 // iSTAbhimukhyamautsukyaM, smaraNAdyAt svarA'dibhiH / dhASTraghAdevikriyArodho'vahitthA'tra kriyAntaram // 42 // jADyamiSTAditaH kAryAjJAnaM maunAnimeSaNaH / karmAnutsAha Alasya, zramAdyAmbhitAdibhiH // 43 // nidrAcchedo vibodhazca, zabdAderaGgabhaGgavAn / keSAMcit tu rasAdInAm, anyonyaM hetu-kAryatA / / 44 / / vepathu-stambha-romAJcAH, svarabhedo'zru mUrchanam / svedo vaivarNya mityAdyAH, anubhAvArasAdijAH // 45 // bhavAdervepathutra-spando vAgAdivikriyaH / yatne'pyaGgAkriyA stambhaH harSAdehIM ! viSAdavAn // 46 // romAJcaH priyadRSTayAdeH, romaharSo'GgamArjanaH / svarabhedaH svarAnyatvaM madAdeharSa-hAsyakRt // 47 / /
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________________ tRtIyo vivekaH azru netrAmbu zokAcaH, naasaaspndaakssirkssnnH| mUrdhana ghAta-kopAyaH, khaglAnimipAtakRt // 4 // svedo romajalasrAvaH, zramAdevyaMjanaprahaH / chAyAvikAro vaivaNyaM, kSapAdedignirIkSaNaH / / 46 // vAciko'bhinayo vAcAM, ythaabhaavmnukriyaa| karmaNo'Gga rupAGgazca, sAkSAd bhAvanamAjikaH // 50 // sAttvikaH svarabhedAH, anubhAvasya darzanam / varNAdyanukiyA''hAryaH, bAhyavastunimittakaH // 51 // iti zrIrAmacandra-guNacandravinirmite nATyadarpaNasUtre vRtti-rasa-bhAvabhinaya vicArastRtIyo vivekaH // 3 // atha sarvarUpaka-sAdhAraNa-lakSaNanirNayaH caturthovivekaH deva-bhUpa-sabhA-bhartR-mukhyAnAM maGgalAbhidhA / nityA rUpamukhe nAndI, padaiH SaDbhirathASTabhiH // 1 // praveza-niSkramAkSepa-prasAdAntarasaGgatam / citrArtha rUpakaM geyaM, paJcadhA syAt kavidhra vA // 2 // uttamA madhyamA nIcA, prakRtina striyostridhaa|| ekakApi vidhA sva-sva-guNAnAM tAratamyataH // 3 // zaraNyo dakSiNastyAgI, lokshaastrvickssnnH| gAmbhIrya-dhairya-zoNDIyaM-nyAyavAn uttamaH pumAn // 4 // madhyo madhyaguNo nIcA, pApIyAn pizuno'lasaH / kRtaghnaH kalahI klIvaH, strIlolo rUkSavAg jaraH // 5 // lajjAvatI mRdurdhIrA, gambhIrA smitahAsinI / vinItA kulajA dakSA, vatsalA yoSiduttamA // 6 // naravanmadhyamA-nIce, nIco'pIza: kathAvazAt / pradhAnaphalasampanno'vyasanI mukhyanAyakaH / / 7 / / tejo vilAso mAdhurya, zobhA sthairya gaMbhIratA / paudArya lalitaM cASTI, guNA netari sasvajAH // 8 // .
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________________ 11] nAm / caturSoM vivekaH me derasahiSNutvaM, tejaH prANAtyaye'pi / vilAso vRSavad yAnaM, dhIrA dRk sasmitaM vacaH // 6 // mAdhurya vikRtiH stutyA, kSobhahetI mahatyapi / zomA cihna ghRNA-sparkhA-dAkSya-zauryodhamonnaye // 10 // vighne'pyacalanaM sthairya prArabdhAvazubhAdapi / gAmbhIrya sahajA mUrtiH, kopa-harSAdi-gopanI // 11 // povArya zatru-mitrANAM, prANitenApyupagrahaH / zRGgAriceSTA malitaM, nirvikArAH svabhAvajAH // 12 // amulyo nAyakaH kiJcidUnavRtto'praghanAyakAt / lobhI dhIroddhataH pApI, vyasanI pratinAyakaH / / 13 // nIcA vidUSaka-klIva-zakAra-viTa-kiGkarAH / hAsyAyAyo nupe zyAlaH, zakArastvekavid viTaH // 14 // snigdhA dhIrodatAdInAM, yathocityaM viyoginAm / liGgI dvijo rAjajIvI, ziSyAzcaite vidUSakAH // 15 // yuvarAja-camUnAtha-purodha:-sacivAdayaH / sahAyA etadAyatta-karmava lalita: puna: // 16 / / / zuddhAnte kAruko dvA:sthaH kaJcukI zubhakarmaNi / varSavarastu rakSAyAM, nimuNDaH preSaNe striyAH // 17 // kAryAkhyAne pratIhArI, rakSA svatyomahattarA / pUrvAsthitividhI vRddhA, citrAdI zilpakArikA // 18 // nAyikA kulajA divyA, kSatriyA pnnykaaminii| mantimA lalitodAttA, pUrvodAttA tridhA pare // 16 // rAgiNyevAprahasane, nRpe divye ca na prbhii| gariNakA kvApi divyA tu, bhavedevA mhiibhujH|| 20 // mugdhA madhyA pragasmeti, trividhAH syurimAH punH|| mugdhA vAmA rate svalpa-mAnA rohada-bayaHsmarA // 21 // madhyA madhya-vayA-kAma-mAnA mUgdhAnta-mohamA / pragalbheDa-dhayo-manyu-kAmA sparze'pyacetanA // 22 // kAryataH proSite patyAvabhUSA proSitapriyA / vipralapA sasate, preSya dUtImamAgate // 23 // saNDitA khaNDayatyanyAsaktyA vAsakamIdhyitA / I-kalaha-niSkrAnte, kalahAntaritA'tibhAra // 24 //
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________________ / 13 caturtho vivekaH bilambayatyadoSe'pi, virhotknntthitotsukaa| hRSTA vAsakasajjAmanyalaMkRtiparaSyati / / 25 / / subhagammAninI vazyAsanne svaadhiinmtkaa|| sarantI sArayantI vA riraMsurabhisArikA // 2 // bhAvAdyA yauvane strINAm, alaGkArAstrayo'GgajAH / daza svAbhAvikAte, kriyAspAsrayodaza // 27 / / sati bhoge guNA: saptAyatnavAzca svabhAvajAH / nAvazyambhAvino'SA, vizatiH strISu mukhyataH // 28 // bhAvo vAgAdivaziSTayaM, cihna ratyuttamatvayoH / netrAvidhikRtaM hAvaH sazRGgAramasantatam // 26 // tadeva santataM helA, taarunnyodbodhshaalinii| rAgAdinA viparyAsaH, kiyANAmaya vibhramaH / / 30 // vilAsaH priyadRSTyAdI, cArutvaM gAtra-karmaNoH / veSAspataiva vicchittiH, parAM zobhA vitanvatI / / 31 / / lIlA dayitvAgAdeH, sve nyAso bahumAnataH / . vizvoko'nAdaro mAna-dAdiSTe'pi vastuni // 32 // vihRtaM jalpakAle'pi, maunaM hrI-vyAja-maugdhyataH / lalitaM gAtrasaJcAraH, sukumAro nirarthakaH // 33 // koSTAdigrahe kopaH mRSA kuTumitaM mudi / moTTAyitaM priyekSAdau, rAgato gAtramoTanam / / 34 // muhuH smitAzra-kampAdeH saGkaraH kili (la) kiMcitam / maujjvalyaM yauvanAdInAma, maya zobhopabhogataH // 35 // sA kAntiH pUrNasambhogA, dIptiH kAntestu vistaraH / saumyaM tApe'pi mAdhuryam, paudAryamucitAcyutiH / / 36 / / ceto'vikarathanaM dhairya, prAgalbhyaM kauzalaM rte| yathocityaM ca netRNAM, nAyikAH kulajAdayaH / / 37 // sahAyinyastu paatreyii-lingginii-praativeshikaaH| zilpinI-ceTikA-sakhyaH, guptA dakSA mRdu-sthirAH // 38 // devAnIcanRNAM pAThaH, saMskRtenAtha jAtucit / mahiSI mantrijA-paNyastrINAmavyAjaliGginAm / / 39 / / bAla-SaNDha-grahagrasta-matta-strIrUpa-yoSitAm / prAkRtenottamasyApi, vAriNazvaryamohinaH // 40 //
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________________ 14] caturka vivekaH pratyantanIcabhUtAdI, paizAcI mAgadhI ca vAk / zaurasenI tu nIcasya, dezoddeze svadezagI: // 41 // tiyaMga-jAtyanta rAdInAma, prAnurUpyeNa sraayaa| bhASA-prakRti-vRttAdeH, kAryata: kvApi sahanam // 42 // mAryeti zambate patnI, liGginI brAhmaNI vijA(jaiH) / ambA'pi jananI-vRddha, pUjyA tu bhavatItyapi // 43 // bhrAtrA'grajo'dhamamantrI, naTI-sUtrabhratI miyaH / puroSaH-sArthavAhAmyAM, patnI palyA paran patiH // 4 // mahArAjo nRpaH sarvastvAryaputreti yauvane / pusA bhadreti bhoktavyA, priyeti dayitA'thavA // 45 // pitA putrAbhiSAyogaimuMkhyA devyapi rAjabhiH / vidUSakeNa bhavatI, rAzIcevyo nupastriyaH // 46 // bhaTTinI svAminI devItyevaM sarvAH pricchdaiH| vezyA'jjuketi vRddhA tu, sA'ttA tulyA striyA hamA / / 47 // haje tvanuttamA-preSye, bhagavaditi devtaa| tapaHsthA cArya-devarSi-bahuvicAH syossitH||4|| * mAnyo nAmAntara rAjA, liGginA'ya vidUSakaH / vayasyo'pyadharmabhaTTI, mokadeveti bhUpatiH // 49 // mitrAlyAbhirvidU rAjA, . kumAromadArakaH / muni-zAkyo bhavanteti, svaprasipAro pratI // 50 // sUtrI bhAvo'nugenAso, tena mArSaH samaH smaa| ziSyAtmajAnujAH putra-varaso tAto parapi / / 51 // somyo madramukhazceti, nIco haNTe tu paamraiH| yena karmAdinA yastu, syAta: sa tadupAdhikaH // 52 // zUre vikramasaMsUSi, haspyaM nAmASa paanninne| dattAntaM prAyazo vitre, gotra-karmAnusaMpyataH // 53 // nupastriyAM zubha batA-senA'taM paNayoSiti / puSpAvivAcaka peTaghA, beTe maGgalakIrtanam // 4 // iti zrI rAmacandraguNacandranirmite nATapadarpaNasUtre sarvapakasAdhAraNalaNanirNayo nAma satuSoM vivekaH samAptaH // 4 // 207 pacAtmakaM samApta maavnnmr||
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________________ pariziSTam [2] 284 naattprpnnvivrnnnirdisstt-anynaamsuucii| [parSakameva anyakunAma mabhinavaguptA (nATabhazAstrasya abhinavamAratIvRttikAra:) 23 indurAjabhaTTaH (kSIrasvAmiguru) kohalaH (saTTakAvilakSmapraNetA) 14,241. kSIrasvAmI: (bhaTTandurAjaziSyo'bhinavarASavanATakakAra:) 284 bharatamuniH (nATapaNAstra-nirmAtA) 27,212 bhavanutacUDA bhaTTaH (kozalikAnATikAkAraH) bhavabhUtiH (mAlatImASavakartA) 212 bhAsa (svapnavAsavadatakartA) 148 bhImaTa: (manoramA-vatsarAjakartA) 252 bhImadevaH .(vasunAga-banaka:) mejvanaH (rASAvipralambharacayitA) mammaTA (kAvyaprakAzakArA) muniH (bharatamuniH) (nATyazAstrakA) 27, 212 basunAyA (bhImavevasUnuH, pratimA'nirutapraNetA) vizAkhadevaH (devIcandraguptaracayitA) 200 vIranAma: (kundamAmAkartA) (mamAtyaH, citrotpamAvalambitakaprakaraNakAra:) 241,152, zukhviAsakumAraH (manasenA-harinandhiprakaraNakAra:) 195 (mucchakaTikAkAra) 81 hemacanaH (sanda-pramANa-sAhitya-anyo-mamavidhAtA, nATapadaNakara-guru:) 4.6 332
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________________ 28. 1. 164 pariziSTam [2] nAyavarNavivarasaniviSTa mAlAvinyanAma suucii| [saMkola] nATapAvigranyanAma. (1) pramApatI nATikA (2) 'manasenA-harinandiprakaraNam (zuktivAsakumAraracitam) (3) mamamerApavam (murAriracitaM nATakam) 365 (6) abhimAnazAkuntalam (mahAkavikAmidAsakRtaM nATakama) 124, 282 (5) mabhinavarAghavam (bhaTTandurAjaziSyanIrasvAmiracitaM nATakama) 284 (6) madhunacaritam (mAnandavardhanaracitaM mahAkAvyam) 32. pAcArAma (maheMda-gaNaparathitaM sUtrama) (8) indulekhAnATikA (9) indulekhAvIyI 257 (10) * uttaracaritam uttararAmacaritam (bhavabhUtiracitaM nATakama) 173,24,262 (11) udayanacaritam 289 (12) udAttarAghavam (mAyurAjaviracitaM nATakam) 119 (13) kAdambarI (bANabhaTTapraNItA kapA) 308 (14) kundamAlA (vIranAganibaDhA) nATakam (15) kumArasambhavam (mahAkavikAlidAsakRtaM mahAkAvyam] 325, 328 (16) kRtyArAvaraNam (nATakama) 142,143,147,150,154,117.168,199.173,144, 193,195,247,267 (17) kaumudI-mitrANandaM prakaraNam (svopazama) 125 (18) koSikAnATikA (bhaTTazrIbhavanutagaviracitA) (19) citrotpalAvalambitakaM prakaraNam (pamAtyakAra kaviracitam) 152 (90) mitarAmam (nATakam) 166176,268,266,282 (21) jAmadagnyajayaH (byAyogaH) 220 (22) taraGgAdattama (prakaraNam) 206, 212 (23) vApasavatsarAjam [marelaparSanasutAnaharSAparamAnamImAparAvaracitaM nATakam] 42,67, 76.104.102,153 (24) daridravAhAta pakam (bhAsaracitam) (25) dRSTibAyaH (pahaMda-gaNapara-paSitaH sidvAntaH) (21) devIcanaguptam (visAparevAna) nATakara 128,148.151.207,255 1.
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________________ nATyAdinanvanAma [ 17 (27) draupadIsvayaMvaram (28) nalavilAsaM nATakam (svopanam) 42,72,85,87,88,125,234,141,182,246, ..264,265,285 (29) nAgAnandam (zrIharSanimitaM nATakam) 122,177,280,288 (30) nirbhayabhImavyAyogaH (sthopazaH) 121 (31) payodhimathanam 224 (32) pANDavAnandam 267 (33) pArthavijayam (trilocanakRtaM nATakam) 227,136,137,144 puSpadUSitakaM prakaraNam 164,177,181 pratimA'niruddham (bhImadevasunuvasunAgakRtaM nATakam) / 197 (36) prayogAbhyudayam 253 (37) bAlikAvaJcitakam (nATakam) 250,263 (38) bRhatkathA (guragaDhagharacitA) 211,22 // (39) bhAratam (vyAsaprathitaM kAdhyam) (40) manoramA-vatsarAjama (bhImaTaviracitaM nATakam) 259 (41). mallikA-makarandaM prakaraNam (svopazam) (42) mAyApuSpakam (nATakam) 66,82 (43) mAlatImASavam (bhavabhUtinirmitaM prakaraNam) .. 156,288 (4) mAlati (vi) kA'gnimitram [kavikAlidAsanimitaM nATakam 120 (45) mudrArAkSasam (vizAkhadevanirmitaM nATakam) 67,75,158,184,192 (46) mRcchakaTikA prakaraNam (zUdrakaviracitam) (47) yAdavAbhyudayaM nATakam (svopalam) 65,114,149,163,151, 692,194,166 (48) raghuvilAsaM nATakam (svopazam) 100,142,144,146,150,159,160,165,168 183,188,247,260, 284 (ve) ratnAvalI [zrIharSaracitA nATikA] 56,60,63,87,95,108,121,131,135,136, 145, 148, 151, 152, 153,156,157,165,170,172,178,176,14,186, 191,244,252,262 (50) rAghavAbhyudayaM nATakam (svopajJam) 3,90,62,106,113,182 (51) rAdhAvipralambha rAsakAI rUpakam (bhejjalaviracitam) 197 (52) rAmAbhyudayam [yazovarmaviracitaM nATakam] 73,100,130,160,166,176,108, 258 (53) rohiNI-magA prakaraNam (svopazam) 110, 123 (54) vanamAlA nATikA (svopajJA) 310 (55) vikramovaMzI nATakam [kavikAlidAsasRSTam] 167, 257 (56) viSivilasitam (nATakam) (17) vilakSaduryodhanam (nATakama) 138
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________________ 18] nATyagranthanAma (58) vIracarita nATakam (bhavabhUti racitam) (59) veNIsaMhAram [bhaTTanArAyaNanirmitaM nATakam] 85,88,86,92,67,101,106,110, 191,112,114,115.117,11,127,137,140,141,148,152,153,151,157.162,153,166,170,171,172,171,176,178,10,183,185,263,265; 266,281 (60) satyaharizcandra nATakam (svopazam) 15,15,129,139,251,281,287 (61) sudhAkalazaH (svopazaH) 265,266 (12) svapnavAsavadattam (kavibhAsakRtaM nATakam) 148 (63) hayagrIvavaSam [bhata meNThaviracitaM mahAkAvyam] 127
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________________ pariziSTam [4] varSakameNa] mAdhArasthalam [nATyazAstra pra0 16,110] 405 [kAvyaprakAze 4,33 uddhRtam) nirbhayabhImavyAyoge veNIsaMhAre 408 pArthaviSaye [mahAbhArate strIparve pa0 24,16] raghuvilAse 322 26. 248 59 284 248 pacaprArammaH mAntareva cAko mante vIrarasAya manyatra bajatIti anyAyakapuSaH bhanyonyAsphAsaminna mayamukhato'ya lalito prayaM saH kAlaH zUrANAM mayaM sa razanotkarSI bharaNye mAM tyaktvA aviditapayaHpremNAM bhastApAstasamasta pastyeva rASavamahIna masyA prema mameva masyA mRgIhazi mahaMyunikarAmaNI mAkSiptikAbhyavarNo mAkheTo munikanyakA mAtAmratAmapanayAmi prAdI mAnaparigraheNa mAnandAzrujalaM mAlambya priyaziSyatAM prAsAvitaprakaTanirmala prAsyaM hAsyakaraM iyaM gehe lakSmI uttamASaNamAmiH uttamottamakaM caiva udayAbhimukhyabhAjA uddAmotkalikA udayo piyA palaM (prA.) ralAvalyAma pabhinavarAghave raghuvilAse yAdavAbhyudaye ma06 raghuvilAse 248 104 157 42 207 167 282 satyaharizcandra pra.6 ratnAvalyAm 'tApasavatsarAje devIcandragupte veNIsaMhAre chalisarAme mallikA-makaranthe uttara rAma] parite kohalasya [ma. bhA0 18,63] [nATayazAstra pa018,179] yAdavAmmudaye ratnAvalyAm pa02 gAthAsaptazatvAm pa0 2,11 241 245
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________________ 20 . ] unmattaprema saMrambhAd ekasmin zayane ekaM trINi navASTa etat te hRdayaM spRzAmi etenApi surA jitAH etI to prati dRzyete eSA vaghUrbharatarAja esosiyakara visthara (prA0 ) kaMsAMsabhittimadamardana kaNThe kinnarakaNThi kathamapi na niSiddho kapole patrAlI karNI-duHzAsanavadhAt kartA yUtacchalAnAM kalatramapi rakSitu kalyANaM bhUrbhuvaH svaH kaviH kAvye rAmaH kassa va na hoi roso (prA0 ) kA bhUSA balinAM kAmaM priyA na sulabhA kAminIbhirbhuvo bhattu : kAvya racApi kimapi kimapi manyaM kiM tu kalahaMsanAdo ki no vyApta dizAM kiM padmasya rucaM ki lobhena vilaGghitaH kuravaka ! kucASAta kusumasukumAramUrtikRSTA kezeSu kRSNA kRSTA yena ziroruheSu kRSTA yenAsi rAjJAM kaikeyI kva pativratA ko'pi siMhAsanasyAdhaH ko'yaM dvAri, hariH caturtha pariziSTa 110 307 260 136 251 181 137 366 164 146 142 318 163 86 78 166 285 258 267 124 407 364 307 257 140 156 116 321 121 157 68 EX 66 265 261 rohiNI - mRgAI pra0 1 amaruzatake 23 [dazarUpakAvaloke pra0 3 uddhRtam] vilakSaduryodhane kRtyArAvaNe puSpadUSitake pArthavijaye devI candragupte yAdavAbhyudaye pra0 7 devIcandragupte pra0 4 veNIsaMhAre [zramaruzatake 81] veNIsaMhAre "" rAghavAbhyudaye pra0 5 yAdavAbhyudaye refere [ abhinavabhA0 1861 u] [dhvanyAloke u0 1 uddhRtam] pANDavAnande abhijJAnazakuntale [ nATyazAstre pra0 5 ] uttararAmacarite indulekhAyAm veNIsaMhAre ratnAvalyAm udAttarAghave [kAvyamImAMsAyAM pR0 73 u0 ] ratnAvalyAm veNIsaMhAre pra0 5 pra0 3 22 " mAyApuSpake chalitarAme [zRMgAraprakAze 12 u ]
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________________ kauzAmbI mama hasta eva kvAkArya zazalakSmaNaH kSipto hastAvalagnaH kSudrAgmeramuto'pi khaNDaya nyAyatejobhiH girirayamamarendra gAva guptaH sAkSAt mahAnalpaH geyapadaM sthita pAThyam goSThe yat tu viharataH caJcabhujabhramita cUritAzeSakauravyaH cauryarata pratibhedaM jo manno po ( prA0 ) tapanIyojjvalakarakaM tallAvaNyamananyavRtti tavAsmi gItirAgeNa tavaiva rudhirAmbubhiH tasmin kaurava pArthayoH tAraNa namo nigraMga- ( prA0 ) titAdudvijate mRdo tIraNa bhISmamahodadhau tyajata mAnamalaM tyajan hemno labhaM tyajAmi devIM trAto ghoSayat svaduH sthApanetu sA tvayAnaM yaH svayyupAropita premNA tvaM jIvitaM tvamasi me datvA droNena dantakSatAni karajaivaca dArANAM vratinAM ca diyara kiratukkerI (prA0 ) diSTyA bho ! durga bhUmiramAtya caturtha pariziSTa 259 323 322 79 165 147 265 226 406. 110 171 401 250 263 319. 282 130 166 266 158 102 324 126 255 194 125 190 256 262 155 321 130 365 {ss 82 [ 21 manoramAvatsarAje [vikramorvazyAm ] [amaruzatake 2] tApasavatsarAje pra0 2 ghuvilAse pra0 7 kRtyArAvaNe veNIsaMhAre [ni0sA0 nATyazAstre pra018, 183; 16,119] [hai0kA0 pra0 8 u ] veNIsaMhAre pra0 5 " bAlikAvatake 20 rAvAbhyudaye bhijJAnazakuntale rAmAbhyudaye zra0 2 veNIsaMhAre pra0 6 sudhAkalaze mudrArAkSase veNIsaMhAre 0 6 [ raghuvaMze 9,47 ] satya harizcandra devI candragupte bhra0 2 yAdavAbhyudaye devIcandragupte mRcchakaTyAm devIcandra gupte 0 2 uttara [rAma ] carite veNIsaMhAre [dhvanyAloke u0 3 uddhRtam] rAmAbhyudaye bha0 2 anarghyarAghave mRcchakaTyAm mAyApuSpake
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________________ caturva pariziSTa 131. 198 325 121 319 256 172 64,108 189) 261. 22 ] dullahapaNAsurAmo (prA.) eto lekhastathA svapnaH dUrAdutsukamAgate dRSTi premabharAsasa dRSTika jaraThadevIviyogaduHkhAtAdrakyanti na cirAt dvIpAdanyasmAdapi dhig mA bhrUNavighAtinaM dhUmavAtaM vitAnInadInA meSavigame ma mAma syuH svarNana prema nihitaM citta namo'stu sarvadevebhyo nAkIrNA dazakandharI nAgAnA rakSitA bhAti nirItayaH prajAH santu nirvANavaradahanAH nihatya dazakandharaM nUnaM tenAva vIreNa paJcAnA manyase'smAkaM patyA ca vipralabdhA candrakalAmanena parAnuSThAne jayati parigrahorugrAhoSAd pariSadiyaSINAmeSa pariharati rati matiM sunIte pAdAkrAntAni puSpANi piNDanAva tu bhavet piNDI puNyaprAgalbhyalamyAya pUryantA salilena praNayavizA dRSTi pratyagrayauvanavibhUSaNapratyAzyAnaruSaH kRtaM prathamAnurAga-- pravRttapaNAkAntaH [nATyAne havanasta ke...] vApasavatsarAje vanamAlAyAma devIcandragupte sa. 2 veNIsaMhAre ratnAvalyAm / satyaharizcandra rAmAbhyudaye [pabhinavabhA0 ma. 18. u]] satyaharizcandra . nalavilAse [nATyazAstra pra0 5,105] raghuvilAse pra06 nAgAnande kRtyArAvaNe [viNIsaMhAre ma0 1] rASavAbhyudaye ma06 veNIsaMhAre 182 281 172.178 404 287 [kumArasambhave 7,19] mudrArAkSase kRtyArAvaNe vIraparite ma.3 (kAvyaprakAye 7,326 u0] svapnavAsavadatta 132 146 407 287 175 148 255 satyaharizcandra veNIsaMhAre ratnAvalyAma devIcandragupte pra02 rAmAbhyudaye pra0 5 401 . [kauTalIyecAsne madhi. 7, 0 3]
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________________ caturtha pariziSTa 106 153 veNIsaMhAre raghuvilAse veNIsaMhAre bha0 5 408 147 raghuvilAse rAmAbhyudaye ma. 2 devIcandragupte-ma0 5 327 364 177 [nATayazAstre pra0 5,106] puSpadUSitake veNIsaMhAre ma06 92 " 118 188 151 raghuvilAse ratnAvalyAm 4.5 243 167 pravRddha yad vairaM prANAn yadvirahe'pyahaM prAptAvekarathArUDhI prAyoharicaritayutaH premAvanabahRdayaH bahunA'tra kimukta na? bahuvihakajjavisesaM (prA.) bIbhatsA viSayA brahmottaraM tathaidAstu bhartA tavAhamiti bhUmau kSiptvA zarIraM bhUyaH paribhavakSAnti. madhnAmi kauravazataM madhye'mbhodhi babhUva manaH prakRtyaiva calaM mantrayati ca tadviSayaM mando'pyamandatAM yAti mA gAstiSTha punavaMja mArgA:kaNTakinaH . mitraM darzanamAtrato'pi yacca padArthAbhinayaM yat satyavratamabhIrumanasA yathAtathA ghRtaprAraNaM yathA'yaM mama sampUrNaH yadi ceSa zuddhavAcA yad duSkaramamineyaM yad bhagnaM vipina yad vismayastimita yanmaNDalena nRta yastAtena nigRhya bAlaka iva yate dvAravatIM tadA yAyAvareNa kimanena yuktyaiva kSatrabandhoH yuddhavAdamayaM yenAvRtya mukhAni rakSovIrA dRDhora: mAlavikAgnimitre kRtyArAvaraNe 168 " rAghavAbhyudaye 406 182 veNIsaMhAre tApasavatsarAje kRtyArAvaNe 400 40 150 120 406 289 307 raghuvilAse mAlatImAdhave bhibhinavabhA0 u. pra. 4, pR0 181) kRtyArAvaNe [vakroktijIvite 2,56 20]] raghuvilAse rAmAbhyudaye ma.2 raghuvilAse balitarAme rAmAbhyadaye pra.4 259 142 16.
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________________ 24] caturtha pariziSTa 253 [kapUramaJaryAm] sudhAkalathe 406 151 324 364 250 156 265 348 125 raMDA caMDA dikkhidA (prA.) ratthAi saMcarantaM (prA.) rathyA-samAja-catvara. ramyAM cAratikAriNI rAgasyAspadamityavaimi rAjJo mAnadhanasya rAmeNa pralayeneva rASTra pravardhatAM caiva riSTastAvadudanalakezvare tridazadarpahare lacchI gihINa bhUsA (prA0) lokatrayakSayovRttalokottarANi caritAni vaktraM zIdarucirvacAMsi vastrANi he ! hasata vakvenduH smitamAtanodavAprapaJcakasAreNa vArtA'pi naiva yadihAsti vikrameNa mayA lokA: binA vAhana-potAbhyAM vinyasyAbhinavodaye viroSo vizrAntaH viSkambhaka-pravezaka vRddhokSasya nupasya vaidehI hRtavAMstadeSa zazina iva kalA zItAMzumukhamutpale zUrAstu vIra-raudreSu zoka strIvannayanasalila: zrIriva dAnavazatroH zrIreSA pANirapyasyAH zmAdhyA pIrghiSaNasya SoDaza dvAdazASTo vA sakalaripujayAzA sa kIcakaniSUdano sarapakSA madhuragirA 264 268 101 142 193 devIcandragupte pra.6 nAgAnande veNIsaMhAre kRtyArAvaraNe ma07 [nATayazAstre a0 5,107]] bAlikAvaJcitake raghuvilAse pra0 4 sudhAkalaze * rAmAbhyudaye pa02 [bAmanaguptasya ma. bhA0 6,45] kaumudImitrANande ma03 raghuvilAse ma0 4 nalavilAse kRtyArAvaNe vidhivilasite ma05 kRtyArAvaNe pa0 2 mudrArAkSase nasavilAse uttara [rAma] carite [hai. kAvyA0 u0pra08] yAdavAbhyudaye pra07 rAghavAbhyudaye kRtyArAvaNe pra07 ratnAvalyAm [hamakAmyA viveke pa0 8,326 u0] beNIsaMhAre 173 62,182 156 228 404 132 184 ratnAvalyAm tApasavatsarAje 407 veNIsaMhAre pra. 5 171 162 269
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________________ caturtha pariziSTa 65,281 satvakatAnavRttInAM santaH saccaritodaya sandhisandhyaGgaghaTanaM samutthite dhanudhvaMno sarvakSitibhRtAM nAya ! 'sarvathA kathaya brahman ! sarvadAyokSavijayI sarveSAmapi santi savyAjaH zapathaH sAma bhedastathA daNDo sA svargalokalalanAsAhasaM ca bhayaM caiva sItAM kAnanato jahAra sItAyA vadanaM snigdhaM vIkSitamanyatosvapno'yaM nahi vibhramaH svargastrI yadi tat svasurmama parAmavahataH puSI hato bhrAtA hari-hara-bhAnu-bhavAnI.. hastAkRSTavilolahUM zakraH sa jito hriyA sarvasyAso 257 166 260 265 173 168 123 198 204 [ 25 satyahariSacandra [dazarUpakAva0 pra0 3 30] [dhvanyAloke u0 3,12] arjunacarite vikramorvazyAm veNIsaMhAre pra06 manoramAvatsarAje nalavilAse ratnAvalyAm [nATyazAstre a0 19,101] rohiNI-mRgAke ma05 [nATyazAstra ma0 19.102] ___ raghuvilAse rAghavAbhyudaye 500 mabhijJAnazakuntale puSyadUSitake ma05 . nAgAnande . , udAttarAghave puSpadUSitake ma05 125 189 122 367 408 168 152 veNIsaMhAre 2 raghuvisAse pa. ratnAvalyAm
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________________ hiMdI mAdhyama kAryAnvaya nidezAlaya dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke zreSTha prakAzana itihAsa 1. prAcIna bhArata kA itihAsa saM0 DI0 ena0 mA evaM zrImAlI 35.00 2. madhyakAlIna bhArata saM0 harizcandra varmA 45.00 3. Adhunika bhArata kA itihAsa saM0 Ara0 ela0 zukla 50.00 4. biTena kA itihAsa saM0 pArthasArathi guptA 26.00 5. yUropa kA itihAsa saM0 pArthasArathi guptA 6000 6. Adhunika pazcima kA udaya saM0 pArthasArathi guptA 7. baMgAla kA Arthika itihAsa ena0 ke0 sinhA 40.00 8. bhArata kA svataMtratA saMgharSa saM0 bipina candra 60.00 9. hiMdustAna ke nivAsiyoM kA ke0 ema0 azarapha 25.00 jIvana va unakI paristhitiyA~ 10. prAcIna bhArata meM dAsa prathA devarAja cAnanA 25.00 11. pRthvI se purAtatva sara mArTImara vhIlara 40.00 12. prAgitihAsa majumadAra va gopAla zaraNa 40.00 rAjanIti vijJAna 1. bhAratIya zAsana evaM rAjanIti saM0sazIlA kauzika 50.00 2. rAjanIti siddhAMta saM0 jJAna siMha saMdhu 28.00 3. bhArata meM upanivezavAda aura rASTravAda saM0 satyA ema0 rAya 50.00 4. bhArata meM vidhi vyavasthA narendra lAla madAna 10.00 5. rAjanItika ciMtana ke AcArya mAikala phosTara 20.00 6. briTiza saMvidhAna sara Aibara jeniMgsa 16.00 7. tulanAtmaka zAsana aura rAjanIti saM0 Ara0 bI0 jaina 45.00 8. saMvidhAnavAda oma prakAza gAbA 6.00 .. keMdra-rAjya saMbaMdha zarmA evaM yAdava 20.00 10. bhArata kA vikAsa mArga e0 Ara0 desAI 30.00 / bhAratIya samAja, adhikAritaMtra aura prazAsa Ara0bI0jaina5.00 sAhitya | sAhitya kA samAja zAstrIya ciMtana saM0 nirmalA jaina 20.00 2. pAli bhASA aura sAhitya indra candra zAstrI 70.00 3 bhAratIya sAhitya kA samekita itihAsa saM0 DaoN0 nagendra 80.00 4. bhAratIya kAvya siddhAMta DaoN0 nagendra evaM TI0 ena0 bAlI 30.00 manovijJAna evaM darzana 1. vikAsa manovijJAna bhAga-1 hArloka 2. vikAsa manovijJAna bhAga-2 hArloka 30.00 3 samakAlIna vizleSaNAtmaka dharma darzana vI0 pI0 varmA 25.00 +. darzana-vivecanA vI0 pI0 varmA 50.00 40.00 pApti sthAna . hiMdI mAdhyama kAryAnvaya nidezAlaya, dillI vizvavidyAlaya _Jainii ko gAra auraka na0 2 DaoN0 sAla grArga, pannAjAra vidyAlaya ke sAmane, dillI-11040407ary.org phona 211016