Jain Sahitya ka Itihas 02

Author(s): Kailashchandra Shastri
Publisher: Ganeshprasad Varni Digambar Jain Sansthan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010295/1

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eka dRSTi meM prastuta grantha jaina sAhityakA itihAsa eka pIThikA aura do bhAgoMme mamApta hai| (i) pIThikAmeM, jo 776 pRSThoMmeM hai, lakhakane janadharmake prAk aura vartamAna itihAsako 'jainadharmake itihAsako khoja', 'prAcIna sthitikA anveSaNa', 'aitihAsika yugameM' aura 'zrutAvatAra' zIrSakoM dvArA anumandhAnapUrNa evaM taTastha lekhanIse prastuta kiyA hai| pratyeka viSayako gambhIratA. vizadatA aura vistArase zodha kI hai| (ii) prathama bhAgameM, prathama adhyAyake prathama paricchedama mUlAgama-sAhityake antargata kamAya-pAhuDa, usakI viSayavastR. usake kartA AdikA vizada vivaMcana hai / dvitIya paricchedameM chakkhaMDAgama ( paTkhaNDAgama ), usakI viSayavastu aura kartA AdikA, nRtIya paricchedameM mahAbaMdhakA vistRta paricaya hai| dvitIya adhyAyame caNi-sAhityakA ahApoha hai| tRtIya adhyAya ke prathama paricchedameM dhavalA TIkA. umakI viSaya-vastR aura kAM AdikA pratipAdana hai| dvitIya paricchedameM jayazvalA-TIkA, umakI viSayavastu aura kartA AdikA vistRta kathana kiyA gayA hai / caturtha adhyAyameM anya prAcIna kama-mAhityakA nirUpaNa hai / paMcama adhyAyameM uttarakAlIna kama-mAhitya vizadatAse vivecita hai / isa prakAra isa gvaNDama mUlAgama aura aura unake TIkA-sAhityapara vistArapUrvaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai / yaha bhAga 510 pRSThoMmeM pUrA huA hai / (iii) prastuta dvitIya bhAgame, uttaravartI zeSa sAhityakA vizada aMkana huA hai / digambara sAhitya kyA aura kitanA hai, isakA aitihAsika Akalana ina donoM bhAgoM tathA pIThikAma samprApta hai !

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zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA-27 jainasAhityakA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga lekhaka siddhAntAcArya paNDita kailAzacandra zAstrI zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA prakAzana

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zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA sampAdaka aura niyAmaka DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA prakAzaka maMtrI, zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA 1/128, DumarA~va kaoNlonI, assI vArANasI-5 prathama saMskaraNa : 1100 vI0ni0 saM0 2502 zrAvaNazuklA 7 (pArzvanirvANa-saptamI), mUlya : bIsa rupaye bhagavAna mahAvIrakI paccIsavIM nirvANa-rajatazatI tathA varNI-zatAbdike maGgala prasaGgapara mudraka vardhamAna mudraNAlaya javAharanagara kaoNlonI durgAkuNDa roDa, vArANasI-1

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prakAzakIya navambara 1975 meM jainasAhityakA itihAsa bhAga 1 kA prakAzana huA thA aura usake prakAzakIyake antameM AzA kI thI ki usakA dUsarA bhAga bhI disambara 1975 taka prakAzita ho jAyagA / kintu jo socA jAtA hai vaha pUrA nahIM hotA / isa dUsare bhAga ke prakAzanameM disambara 1975 ke bAda 7 mAha to pUre laga hI gaye haiM / isameM sabase bar3A bAdhaka kAraNa arthakA abhAva rahA hai / yaha usI prakAra jisa taraha majadUra jitanA kamA letA hai utanI gujara-basara kara letA hai / aura yadi nahIM kamA pAtA hai to use bhUkhA rahanA par3atA hai / yahI hAla isake prakAzanakA rahA | preraNA yA prayatnase jo Arthika sahAyatA milI vaha kAgaja tathA chapAImeM de dii| pichale dinoM bA0 nandalAlajI kalakattAne svayaM aura apane mitroMko prerita kara 2351 rupae kI granthaprakAzana -sahAyatA tathA 5 saMrakSakasadasya banA kara bhijAye / abhI hAla meM bAhubalI (kolhApura) jAnepara zrI bra0 mANikacandrajIke cavare kAraMjAne bhI hamArI preraNApara kucha logoMko saMrakSaka sadasya banAkara sahayoga pradAna kiyA tathA prayAsazIla haiM / isI zrRMkhalA meM dAnazIlA zrImatI kusuma bena motIcandane bhI 500 ) kI prakAzana - sahAyatA pradAna kI hai / hameM itanI hI prasannatA hai ki zraddheya paM0 kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI vArANasIkA varSoM pUrva kiyA gayA parizrama saphala ho gayA aura unakA yaha 'jainasAhityakA itihAsa' bhAga 2 bhI, jo antima hai, chapa gayA hai / isake lie zraddheya paNDitajIke to kRtajJa haiM hI, sahAyatAdAtAoM, usake prerakoM aura varddhamAna presako bhI dhanyavAda dete haiM, jinake samaveta prayatnoMse yaha kArya sampanna ho sakA / yaha grantha bhI bhagavAn mahAvIrakI 2500vIM nirvANa-zatIkA eka sukhada, sundara aura jJAnamaya upahAra hai, jo nizcaya hI pAThakoMkA vizeSa jJAna - sambarddhana karegA | pArzva- nirvANa -saptamI, vI0 ni0 saM0 2502 (DaoN0) darabArIlAla koThiyA 2 agasta, 1976 I0, maMtrI, zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA

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lakhakakA vaktavya jaina sAhityake itihAsake dUsare bhAgako pAThakoMke hAthoM meM dete hue mujhe parama prasannatAkA anubhava honA svAbhAvika hai| varNI-granthamAlAne san 53 meM isa yojanAko hAthameM liyA thaa| aura maiMne lagabhaga sAta varSa meM isake tIna bhAga likhe the| prathama to pIThikA bhAga hai / usakA prakAzana san 63 meM huA thA / zeSa do bhAga bAraha varSoMke pazcAt varNI-granthamAlAke maMtrI DA0 darabArIlAlajI koThiyAke athaka prayatnase hI prakAzita ho sake haiN| pIThikAke pazcAt prathama bhAgameM karmasiddhAnta-viSayaka sAhityakA itihAsa hai / isa dUsare bhAgameM bhUgola, khagola, tathA dravyAnuyoga ( adhyAtma aura tattvArtha ) viSayaka sAhityakA itihAsa hai| ina bhAgoMke adhyayanase vijJa pAThakoMko karaNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga viSayaka maulika granthokA viSaya-paricaya bhI jJAta ho sakegA aura ve unake racayitA AcAryoke sambandhameM bhI jAna skeNge| sAhitya deza, dharma aura jAtikA jIvana hotA hai / ataH usakA itihAsa bhI utanA hI upayogI hai jitanA kisI rASTrakA itihAsa / jaisA maiMne Upara kahA hai ki yaha itihAsa pandraha varSa pUrva likhA gayA thA, ataH isameM kucha sthala vicAraNIya ho sakate haiM / udAharaNake liye dravyasaMgrahake TIkAkAra brahmadeva aura kundakundake TIkAkAra jayasenake paurvAMparyakA vicAra / maiMne inameM jayasenake pazcAt brahmadevako batalAyA hai / kintu yathArthameM brahmadevake pazcAt hI jayasena hue haiN| unakI paJcAstikAya-TIkAkA dravyasaMgrahakI TIkAke sAtha milAna karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| brahmadevajIkI TIkAmeM padmanandIpaMcaviMzatikAse koI uddharaNa nahIM liyA gayA hai, kintu paJcAstikAyakI TIkAmeM liyA gayA hai tathA usake bAdake AcArasArase bhI uddharaNa liyA gayA haiM / ataH nizcaya hI jayasena bAdake haiM / tathA AzAdharake anagAradharmAgRta (1 / 110) kI TIkAmeM dravyasaMgrahako TIkAko akSaraNaH apanAyA gayA hai, ataH AzAdharane hI brahmadevajIkA anukaraNa kiyA hai, itanA saMzodhana apekSita hai / isako dRSTimeM rakhakara hI usa prakaraNako par3hanA cAhiye / antameM merA kartavya hai ki maiM una saba Adhunika vidvAn lekhakoMkA AbhAra svIkAra karUM, jinakI kRtiyoM aura lekhoMkA upayoga maine apane isa itihAsameM kiyA hai|

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- 5 - unameM sabase prathama meM paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra, zrI nAthUrAma premI, DA0 hIrAlAla aura DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyekA smaraNa karatA hU~, jo aba isa saMsAra meM nahIM haiM / jaina sAhitya aura usake itihAsake sambandhameM jo labdha hai vaha inhIM manISiyoMkI dena hai / inake pazcAt maiM svIkAra karatA hU~ / kucha jJAna Aja upaanya sabakA AbhAra dehalIke lAlA pannAlAlajI agravAla eka aise sajjana puruSa haiM jinake dvArA dillI ke zAstra bhaNDAroMse pratiyA~ ghara baiThe upalabdha ho jAtI haiM / isI taraha zrI mahAvIrajI atizaya kSetra kameTI jayapurake maMtrIjIkI kRpAse DA0 kastUracandajI kAlIvAlake dvArA pratiyAM upalabdha hotI rahatI haiM / ata ina sabakA bhI maiM AbhArI hU~ / varNI- granthamAlAke maMtrI DaoN0 koThiyA tathA zrI bAbUlAlajI phAgullake prayatnase hI yaha bhAga zIghra prakAzita ho sakA hai| ataH unakA bhI AbhAra svIkAratA hU~ / bhAdramAsa 2502 } bhadainI, vArANasI kailAzacandra zAstrI

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viSaya sacI a * * * [ bhUgola khagola viSayaka sAhitya pR0 1 se 93 ] jaina bhagola kA paricaya pR02-6 milAvaTa kisane kI lokavibhAga zve jambUdIpapaNNatti tiloyapaNNati ,, sUrya prajJapti AdhAra candraprajJapti tiloyapaNNatti meM granthollekha 10 jyotiSkaraNDa lokAyanI vRhat kSetra samAsa lokavinizcaya , vRhat saMgrahaNI lokavibhAga , trilokasAra mUlAcAra .. ,, TIkA kucha ullekhanIya matAntara jambUdvIpapaNNattisaMgraha viSaya paricaya milA racayitA tathA guru paramparA kartA aura samaya samayavicAra tiloyapaNNatti aura tattvArtha- saMskRta lokavibhAga vAtika50 racanAsamaya [ dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhitya 93 se 171 ] udgama grantharacanA AcArya kundakunda zailI aura sASA kundakunda sambandhI kathAyeM 97 adhyAtmakA udgama aura ke nAma prasAra 132 janmasthAna 'samaya' zabda kA artha 136 , ke guru 104 vyavahAranaya aura videhayAtrA 108 nizcayanaya 138 giranArapara vivAda samayasAra kA viSayaparicaya 141 samayavicAra pUjyapAda devanandi 154 iSTopadeza DA0 pAThaka kA mata 112 samAdhitaMtra 156 kundakunda aura yativRSabha 125 joidu-yogindu 159 paramAtma prakAza 161 kundakundAnvaya aura mUlasaMgha 126 yogasAra premIjI kA mata 155

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-7 188 . [ adhyAtmaviSayaka TIkA sAhitya 172 se 209 ] TIkAkAra amRtacandasUri 172 samayavicAra 191 racanAye 173 TIkAkAra jayasena 192 vizeSatAyeM 176 samayavicAra 193 samaya 178 prabhAcandrakRta TIkA 194 amRtacanda aura devasena 182 padmaprabha maladhArideva 196 , aura pAhuDadohA 183 iSTopadeza TIkA 197 ,, aura tattvAnuzAsana 184 TIkAkAra brahmadeva devasena kA tattvasAra 186 paramAtma prakAzavRtti racanAkAla 187 upAdhyAya yazovijaya 203 svarUpasambodhana adhyAtmasAra 206 paanandikRta nizcayapaJcAzat 190 adhyAtmopaniSad 208 __ [ tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya 210 se 272 ] paJcAstikAya sUtra aura bhASya meM birodha 241 uddezya 210 tattvArtha sUtra kI utpattikathA 244 granthakA rUpa tattvArtha sUtra 246 viSayaparicaya mahattva 247 pravacanasAra 217 racanA zailI 248 viSayaparicaya 218 viSaya paricaya 248 niyamasAra do sUtra pATha 251 viSayaparicaya 222 bhASya sammata sUtra pATha meM gRddhapiccha aura unakA matabheda 256 tattvArthasUtra 226 racanA kA AdhAra 260 umAsvAti kI paramparA 228 kyA bhASya aura sUtroM kA mUla sUtra pATha kauna 268 kartA eka hai ? racanA kA samaya 269 [tatvArthaviSayaka TIkA sAhitya 273 se 381 ] AcArya pUjyapAda devanandi 273 tattvArtha bhASya racita grantha 277 sarvArthasiddhi aura bhASya 294 sarvArthasiddhi 280 bhASya meM matAntara nirdeza 296 sarvArthasiddhi kI racanA zailI 281 bhASya meM Agamaviruddha sarvArthasiddhi viziSTa carcAeM 282 mAnyatAeM 297 samaya 288 bhASya kA racanAkAla 300 211 221 266 294

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akalaMka deva kA tattvArtha vAtika 301 cacita viSaya 304 tattvArtha bhASya aura tattvArthavArtika akalaMkadeva kA samaya AcAyaM siddhasena gaNi 317 tattvArtha bhASyavRtti 319 zailI samaya vicAra amRtacandra sUri tattvArtha sAra 332 dravya saMgraha bRhad dravya saMgraha 339 tattvArthavRttiTippaNa 344 prabhAcandra kRta TIkAtraya 347 prabhAcandrakRta dravya saMgrahavRtti 348 m m m Mr mmmm m m mm AcArya narendrasena aura unakA siddhAntasAra saMgraha 350 tIna anya sUtragrantha 356 tattvArtha sUtra arhatpravacana 358 zAstrasAra samuccaya 358 TIkAkAra jayasena 359 brahmadevakRta dravyasaMgrahaTIkA 361 bhAskaranandi kI tattvArtha ___ vRtti 364 tattvArthasUtra kI aprakAzita TIkAeM tattvArtha sUtra kI do __haribhadrIya TIkA 371 zrutasAgara sUri 376 zrutasAgarI TIkA 378 nAmasUcI . 382-396

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jaina sAhityakA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga prathama adhyAya bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya jaina sAhityameM bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhityakA pAribhASika nAma 'lokAnuyoga-sAhitya' hai / isa anuyoga-sAhityake aMtargata dvIpa, samudra, parvata, nadiyA~, kSetra evaM nagarAdike sAtha sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra, tArA AdikA bhI varNana AtA. hai| yaha aisA loka-sAhitya hai, jisameM Adhunika jyotiSa, nimitta, graha-gaNita aura bhUgolakA samAveza ho jAtA hai| __bhAratameM prAcIna kAlase hI vaidika aura zramaNa ina donoMne jIvanake vividha sambandhoM aura kAraNa kalApoMkA nirUpaNa karate hue bhUgola aura khagola sambandhI samasyAoM para bhI vicAra kiyA hai| RgvedameM bhUgola aura khagola sambandhI jaisI carcAeM upalabdha hotI haiM vaisI hI isa lokAnuyoga-sAhityameM bhI / zramaNoMkI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki ve pratyeka mUla muddekA tarka pUrvaka vicAra upasthita karate haiM aura pratyeka kAraNasUtrake sAtha unakI 'vAsanA' bhI aMkita karate jAte haiM, jisase unakA pUrvAgraha vyakta nahIM hotaa| jisa kAryako sAtavIM-AThavIM zatAbdIke vaidika vicArakoMne 'vAsanA' ke vizleSaNake rUpameM upasthita kiyA hai usa kAryako lokAnuyoga-sAhityake racayitAoMne IsvI sankI Arambhika zatAbdiyoMmeM hI sampanna kiyA thaa| zramaNoMkI bhUgola-khagola sambandhI aneka mAnyatAeM vaidika purANoM aura tadviSayaka anya sAhityase bhinna haiM / hama yahA~ granthakramase viSayakA nirUpaNa karate hue usakA sAMgopAMga itivRtta prastuta karate hai / pahale likha Aye haiM ki karaNAnuyogake antargata jIva aura karmaviSayaka sAhitya tathA lokAnuyoga viSayaka sAhitya garbhita haiM / lokAnuyogakA matalaba loka racanA sambandhI sAhitya se hai jisase Ajake zabdoMmeM khagola aura bhUgola liyA jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIrakI divyavANIko sunakara unake pradhAna ziSya gautama gaNadhara ne jina bAraha aMgoMkI racanA kI thI unameM sabase mahatvapUrNa aura vizAla antima

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2 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa aMga dRSTivAda thaa| usa dRSTivAdake pAMca bhedoMmeMse prathama bhedakA nAma parikarma thA / usa parikarmake bhI pAMca bheda the-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasamudraprajJapti aura vyAkhyAprajJapti / yaha saba grantha khagola aura bhUgola viSayaka jaina mAnyatAoMse sambaddha the| kheda hai ki ye saba lupta ho gye| phira bhI unake AdhAra para vane jaina grantha unake abhAvakI AMzikapUrti karate haiN| isa prakaraNameM usI lokAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityake itihAsa para prakAza DAlA jaayegaa| jahA~ taka hama jAnate haiM vaidika dharma aura bauddha dharmake sAhityameM bhI bhUgola aura khagolakA tathA usase sambaddha lokaviSayaka anya vAtoMkA kathana hai| kintu unameM jaina lokAnuyoga viSayaka svataMtra granthoMkI tarahakA svataMtra sAhitya hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| kintu jainadharmameM karaNAnuyogake antargata karma aura lokaviSayaka sAhityakA sthAna dhArmika dRSTise bhI vizeSa mahatvapUrNa hai| dharmadhyAnake cAra bhedoMmeMse do bheda vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya kramase karmaviSayaka aura lokaviSayaka cintanase sambaddha haiN| ataH dharmadhyAnameM saMlagna zrAvaka aura sAdhuke lie karma aura lokaviSayaka zAstroMkA paThana-pAThana aura cintana hitAvaha hai| isa kAraNase bhI karmaviSayaka aura lokAnuyoga viSayaka svataMtra sAhitya jaisA jaina paramparAmeM upalabdha haiM vaisA anyatra nahIM hai| usIkA satat cintana manana karate rahanese jainAcAryone use khUba pallavita aura puSpita kiyA hai aura gaNitake AdhAra para use vyavasthita kiyA hai| moTe taura para khagola aura bhUgola viSayaka bhAratIya vidvAnoMkI prAcIna mAnyatAyeM kucha aMzoMmeM samAna haiM / yadyapi Ajake vijJAnakI mAnyatAoMse unakA mela nahIM khAtA aura Ajake vijJAnake vidyArthiyoMko ve ekadama aTapaTI aura asaMgata pratIta hotI haiM, tathApi unake pIche prAcIna bhAratIya cintana aura avalokanakA mahatvapUrNa hAtha hai ataH unheM ekadama upekSaNIya kahakara dRSTise ojhala nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ataH lokAnuyoga viSayaka janasAhityakA paricayAdi denese pUrva prakRta viSayakA sAmAnya paricaya karA denA ucita hogaa| sAtha hI TippaNameM vaidika aura bauddhAbhimata khagola-bhUgolakA bhI Avazyaka aMza diyA jAtA hai isase tulanA karanemeM saralatA hogii| 1. jainadharmameM AkAzake madhyameM loka mAnA hai aura isa tarahase eka akhaNDa AkAzako do bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kara diyA hai| unakA nAma hai-lokAkAza yA loka aura alokAkAza yA aloka / jitane AkAzameM jIva pudgala Adi saba dravyoMkA AvAsa hai vaha loka hai zeSa aloka hai| lokake tIna bheda hai-adholoka, madhyaloka aura uurdhvlok| eka manuSya donoM paira phailAkara aura

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 3 apane donoM hAthoMko donoM kUlhoM para rakha kara khar3A ho to usakA jaisA AkAra hotA hai ThIka vaisA hI AkAra loka kA hai| __ lokakA mApa eka rajjU ( rAju ) nAmake mApase kiyA jAtA hai| usake vistArakA varNana jainazAstroMmeM hai| vaha loka caudaha rAjU UMcA hai| pUrabapazcimameM lokake tala bhAgameM usakA vistAra 7 rAjU hai| phira 7 rAjU Upara madhyameM ekarAju vistAra hai| phira 3 // rAjU Upara 5 rAjU vistAra hai aura phira 3 // rAjU Upara eka rAju vistAra hai| adholokameM Upara nIce sAta naraka haiM jinameM nArakiyoMkA AvAsa hai| madhya lokameM manuSya aura tiryaJcoMkA AvAsa hai aura Urdhva lokameM svarga haiN| tathA lokake Upara agra bhAgameM siddhaloka hai usameM mukta jIvoMkA AvAsa hai| yaha lokakA sAmAnya paricaya hai / ___ isa lokako cAroM orase sarvatra tIna vAyu maNDala ghere hue haiM unheM vAtavalaya kahate haiM / lokake tala bhAgameM una vAtavalayoMkI moTAI 60 hajAra yojana hai| Upara lokake vistArake anusAra ghaTatI aura bar3hatI gaI hai| yaha saMkSepase sAmAnya lokakA svarUpa hai| adholokameM ratnaprabhA, zarkarAprabhA, bAlukAprabhA, paMkaprabhA, dhUmaprabhA, tamaHprabhA aura mahAtamaH prabhA nAmakI sAta pRthiviyAM kramase nIce nIce haiN| inameMse ratnaprabhA pRthivIke tIna bhAga haiM-kharabhAga, paMkabhAga aura abbahulabhAga / kharabhAga aura paMkabhAgameM bhavanavAsI aura vyantara deva rahate haiN| aura abbahulabhAgameM prathama naraka hai| nIcekI pratyeka pRthivImeM eka eka naraka hai| isa taraha kula sAta naraka' haiM aura unameM 84 lAkha vile haiM jinameM nArakI rahate haiM aura aneka prakArakA kaSTa bhogate haiM / una viloMke nAma raurava prajvalita, tapta, tama, apratiSTha Adi jaise hai| madhya lokameM jise tiryagloka kahate haiM, eka dUsareko cAroM orase veSThita 1. 'pRthivI aura jalake nIce raurava, mahAjvAla, tama, apratiSTha Adi bahutase bhayAnaka naraka haiN| inameM pApI jIva marakara janma lete haiM / vahA~se nikalakara ve kramazaH sthAvara kRmi, jalacara, dhArmika puruSa, deva aura mumukSu hote haiN|'-vi0 pu0 a6 / tathA bhA0 pu0 5 ska0 26 a0 / 2. isa pRthivI para jambU, plakSa, zAlmala, kuza, krauMca, zAka aura puSkara ye sAta dvIpa haiN| ye dvIpa cAroM orase lavaNa, ikSurama, madirA, ghRta, dahI, dUdha aura mIThe jalake sAta samudroMse ghire hue haiN| ina sabake bIcameM jambUdvIpa hai| usake bhI bIcobIcameM suvarNamaya sumeruparvata hai| isakI U~cAI caurAsI hajAra yojana hai| yaha solaha hajAra yojana pRthvImeM ghusA hai| isake

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4 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kiye hue valayAkAra asaMkhyAta dvIpa aura samudra haiN| una sabake madhyameM eka lAkha yojana vistAra vAlA jambUdvIpa hai| usake cAroM ora do lAkha yojana vistAra vAlA lavaNa samudra hai| usake bAda dUsarA dvIpa aura phira dUsarA samudra hai| yahI krama anta taka hai| unakA vistAra uttarottara pUrvakI apekSA dugunA hotA gayA hai| una dvIpa aura samudroMke kucha nAma isa prakAra haiM-jambUdvIpa', lavaNasamudra, ghAtakI khaNDa dvIpa, kAlodadhi samudra, puSkaravara dvIpa, puSkaravara samudra, vAruNIvara dvIpa, vAruNIvara samudra, kSIravara dvIpa, kSIravara samudra, ghRtavara dvIpa, ghRtavara samudra, ikSuvara dvIpa, ikSuvara samudra / aMtake dvIpa aura samudrakA nAma svayaMbhUramaNa hai| puSkaravara dvIpake ThIka madhyameM valayAkAra mAnuSottara parvata hai| vahIM taka dakSiNameM himavAna, hemakUTa aura niSadha tathA uttarameM nIla, zveta aura zrRMgI nAmaka varSa parvata haiN| unameMse madhyake do parvata niSadha aura nIla eka eka lAkha yojana taka phaile haiN| unase dUsare dUsare dasa dasa hajAra yojana kama haiN| ve sabhI do hajAra yojana U~ce aura itane hI caur3e haiM / meruparvatake dakSiNa ora bhAratavarSa, kimpuruSavarSa, aura harivarSa hai| uttarakI ora ramyaka hiraNyamaya aura uttarakaruvarSa haiM jo bhAratavarSake samAna dhanuSAkAra hai / pratyeka kA vistAra nau nau hajAra yojana hai| ina sabake bIcameM ilAvRtta varSa hai jisameM sumerupavaMta khar3A hai| yaha ilAvRtta sumeruke cAroM ora nau hajAra yojana taka phailA hai| isake cAroM ora cAra parvata haiN| ye cAroM parvata mAnoM sumeruko dhAraNa karaneke liye cAra kIliyAM haiN| inameMse pUrvameM mandarAcala, dakSiNameM gandhamAdana, pazcimameM vipula aura uttarameM supArzva haiN| ye sabhI dasa dasa hajAra yojana UMce haiN| jambUvRkSa ke kAraNa dvIpakA nAma jambUdvIpa par3A hai|' -vi0 pu0 dvi0 aM0, a02|tthaa bhA0 pu0, 5 ska0, 20 a0 / 1. jambUdvIpako cAroM orase lAkha yojana vistAravAle valayAkAra sAre samudrane ghera rakkhA hai| usI taraha kSAra samudrako ghere hue plakSadvIpa hai| jambUdvIpakA vistAra lAkha yojana hai| isakA vistAra usase dUnA hai| plakSadvIpako apane hI barAbara parimANa vAlA ikSurasa samudra ghere hue hai| isa samudrako usase dUnA vistAra vAlA zAlmala dvIpa ghere hue haiN| -vi0 pu0, aM0 2, a0 4 / 2. 'puSkara dvIpameM vahA~ke adhipati mahArAja savanake mahAvIra aura dhAtakI nAmaka do putra utpanna hue| ataH una donoMke nAmAnusAra usameM mahAvIra khaNDa aura ghAtakI khaNDa nAmaka do varSa haiN| isameM mAnasottara nAmaka eka hI varSaparvata kahA jAtA hai jo isake madhyameM valayakAra sthita hai tathA pacAsa

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 5 bhanuSyakA AvAsa hai| ataH zurUke DhAI dvIpa aura do samudra manuSya loka kahe jAte haiN| jambUdvIpake madhyameM sumeru parvata hai| usakI U~cAI eka lAkha yojana hai| ghAtakI khaNDa aura puSkara dvIpameM bhI do do meru haiN| unakI U~cAI 84 hajAra yojana hai| jambUdvIpameM sumeruse dakSiNameM himavAna, mahAhimavAna aura niSadha nAmake tathA uttarameM nIla rukmi aura zikharI nAmake varSadhara parvata haiM / prathama meru parvatake dakSiNakI ora kramase bharata haimavata aura hari nAmaka aura uttarameM ramyaka hairaNyavata aura airAvata nAmake varSa ( kSetra ) haiM / una sabake bIcameM videha varSa hai| usa videha varSake bIcameM subheru parvata hai| bharata varSakA uttara dakSiNa vistAra pAMca sau chabbIsa yojana aura eka yojanake unnIsa bhAgoMmeM se 6 bhAga hai| AgekA pratyeka varSadhara parvata aura varSa videha paryanta dUnA dUnA vistAra liye hue hai / aura videhake pazcAt airAvata paryanta yaha vistAra kramase AdhA hotA gayA hai| ataH bharata aura airAvata varSakA vistAra samAna haiN| ye donoM dhanuSAkAra haiN| ina donoMke madhyameM eka vijayA giri hai| himavAna parvatase nikalakara gaMgA aura siMdhu nadI bhAratavarSa meM hokara bahatI haiM aura vijayAke nIcese nikalakara lavaNa samudra meM giratI haiN| isI taraha airAvatameM zikharI parvatase nikalakara raktA raktodA nAmakI nadI vijayAdhake nIcese hotI huI airAvata kSetrameM bahatI haiM aura lavaNa samudrameM giratI haiN| ina donoM nadiyoM aura vijayA parvatake kAraNa bharata aura airAvatake cha chai khaNDa ho gaye haiN| unameMse pAMca mleccha khaNDa aura kevala eka AryakhaNDa hai| videhakSetrakA vistAra bharata se causaThagunA hai| bIcameM sumeru parvata hai / usake cAroM ora cAra gajadanta parvata haiN| unameMse meruse pazcimottara dizA meM gandhamAdana, uttara pUrva dizAmeM mAlyavAna, dakSiNa pUrva dizAmeM saumanasa, aura dakSiNa sahasra yojana UMcA aura itanA hI saba ora golAkAra phailA huA hai| yaha parvata puSkara dvIparUpa goleko mAnoM bIcameM se vibhakta kara rahA hai aura isase vibhakta honese usameM do varSa ho gaye haiN| usameM pratyeka varSa aura parvata valayAkAra hI hai ||74-78||"pusskr dvIpa cAroM orase apane hI samAna vistAra vAle mIThe pAnI ke samudrase maNDalake samAna ghirA huA hai // 87 // isa prakAra sAtoM dvIpa sAta samudroMse ghire hue haiN| aura ve dvIpa tathA samudra paraspara samAna haiM aura uttarottara dugane hote gaye haiM ||88||""pusskr dvIpameM sampUrNa prajAvarga sarvadA apane Apa hI prApta hue SaTrasa bhojanakA AhAra karate haiM // 93 // -vi0 pu0, aMza 2, a0 4 /

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6 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa pazcima dizAmeM vidyutprabha nAmaka gajadanta parvata haiM / ye cAroM gajadantAkara parvata eka orase sumeruko chUte haiM to dUsarI orase nIla athavA niSadha prvtoNko| meruse uttarameM gandhamAdana aura mAlyavAnke madhyameM uttarakuru hai aura meruse dakSiNameM saumanasa aura vidyutprabhake madhyameM dakSiNa kuru hai / bharata, airAvata aura videha ye karma bhUmiyA~ haiM yahA~ se svarga, mokSa aura naraka prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| zepa bhoga bhUmiyA~ haiN| bharata aura airAvatameM utsarpiNI aura avasapiNI kAlake cha samayoMke dvArA sadA parivartana huA karatA hai| kintu zeSa kSetroMmeM sadA ekasI sthiti rahatI hai| bhogabhUmimeM kalpavRkSoMse prApta vastuoMkA upayoga hotA hai vahA~ dharma-karma nahIM hai bhogakI hI pradhAnatA hai| manuSya sukhI svastha hote haiN| rAjya sattA nahIM hotI / videhake uttara kuru aura dakSiNa kuru pradezameM bhI bhogabhUmi hai| zeSa videhase sadA jIva mukti lAbha karate haiM / isIse usakA nAma vigatadeha-videha hai| jambU dvIpakI taraha hI dhAtakI khaNDa aura puSkarArdhameM bhI bhAratAdi kSetra tathA varSadhara parvata hai unakI saMkhyA aura vistAra dUnA hai| isakA vizeSa kathana tiloyapaNNati Adise jAnA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ to kevala paricayakI dRSTise thor3A AbhAsa karAyA gayA hai| ___isa samatalase sAta sau nabbe yojana Upara tAreM haiN| tAroMse dasa yojana Upara sUrya hai / sUryase 80 yojana Upara candramA hai / candramAse cAra yojana Upara nakSatra hai| nakSatroMse cAra yojana Upara budha hai| budhase tIna yojana Upara zukra hai / zukrase tIna yojana Upara vRhaspati hai| vRhaspatise tIna yojana Upara maMgala hai| maMgalase tIna yojana Upara zani hai / yaha jyotiSamaNDala' manuSyalokameM sadA bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai / usIke bhramaNase manuSyalokameM dina rAta hote haiN| 1. 'bhAratavarSameM hI satyayuga, tretA, dvApara aura kali nAmaka Ara yuga haiM / anyatra kahIM nahIM haiM / x x jambU dvIpameM bhI bhAratavarSa zreSTha hai kyoMki yaha karma bhUmi hai| isake atirikta anyAnya deza bhogabhUmiyA~ haiM |''"plkss dvIpase lekara zAkadvIpa paryanta chahoM dvIpoMmeM sadA tretA yugake samAna samaya rahatA hai| ina dvIpoMke manuSya sadA nIroga rahakara pA~ca hajAra varSa taka jIte haiN| -vi0 pu0, aM0, a0 4 / 2. 'pRthivIse eka lAkha yojana dUra sUrya maNDala hai / aura sUrya maNDalase bhI eka lakSa yojanake antara para candra maNDala hai| candramAse pUre sau hajAra yojana Upara sampUrNa nakSatra maNDala hai| nakSatra maNDalase do lAkha yojana Upara zukra hai / zukrase utanA hI dUrI para magaMla hai| aura magaMlase bhI do lAkha yojana Upara vRhaspati haiM / vRhaspatise do lAkha yojana Upara zani hai| zanise

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 7 sumeru parvata eka lAkha yojana UMcA haiM / usake Upara 40 yojana UMcI usakI cUlikA hai| cUlikAse eka vAlAgrakA antara dekara svargAke vimAna zurU ho jAte haiN| svarga 16 hai aura yugalarUpase Upara 2 sthita haiM / 16 svargAke Upara nau veyaka haiM, unake Upara nau anudiza vimAna hai| unake Upara pAMca anuttara vimAna hai / aura unake Upara siddha loka hai / ___ saMkSepameM yaha jaina khagola bhUgola sambandhI mAnyatA hai| vaidika dharma aura bauddha dharmameM bhI isase kucha milatI-julatI aura kucha bhinnatAko liye hue mAnyatAeM haiM / astu, lokavibhAga (za0saM0 380 vi0 saM0 515) digambara paramparAmeM lokAnuyoga viSayaka prAcIna grantha lokavibhAga thaa| yaha grantha abhI taka anupalabdha hai| parantu eka saMskRta lokavibhAga upalabdha hai jo usIkA parivartita rUpa hai / usake prArambhameM kahA hai ki loka aura alokake vibhAgoMko jAnane vAle jinezvaroMkI bhaktipUrvaka stuti karake loka tattvakA saMkSepa meM vyAkhyAna karatA huuN| aura antima prazastimeM kahA hai ki devI aura manuSyoMkI sabhAmeM tIrthaGkara mahAvIrane bhavyajanoMke liye jo sArA jagata vidhAna kahA, jise mudharmA svAmI Adine jAnA aura jo AcAryoMkI paramparA dvArA calA AyA, use RSi siMhasUrane bhASAkA parivartana karake racA aura nipuNa sAdhuoMne use sammAnita kiyaa| jisa samaya uttarASAr3ha nakSatrameM zanaizcara vRSa rASimeM, vRhaspati tathA uttarA phAlgunimeM candramA thA tathA zuklapakSa thA, usa samaya pAMDya rASTrake pATalika grAmameM pUrvakAlameM sarvanandi munine isa zAstrako likhA thaa| kAMcI nareza siMha varmAke 22veM saMvatsara aura zakake 380veM saMvatsarameM yaha grantha samApta huaa| eka lAkha yojanake antara para saptarSi maNDala hai| saptaSiyoMse bhI sau hajAra yojana Upara samasta jyotizcakrakA nAbhirUpa dhruva maNDala sthita hai|'-vi0 pu0, aMza 2, a07| 1. 'lokA lokavibhAgajJAn bhaktyA stutvA jinezvarAn / vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena lokatattvamanekadhA // 1 // ' 2. 'bhavyebhyaH suramAnuSorusadasi zrIvaddhamAnArhatA, yatproktaM jagato vidhAna makhilaM jJAtaM sudharmAdibhiH / AcAryAvalikAgataM viracitaM tat siMhasUraSiNA, bhASAyA parivartanena nipuNaH sammAnitaM sAdhubhiH // 1 // vaizve sthite ravisute vRSabhe ca jIve rAjottareSu sitapakSamupetya candre / grAme ca pATalikanAmani pANDyarASTra zAstra purA likhitavAn muni sarvanandiH // 2 // saMvatsare tu dvAviMze kAJcIzasiMha varmaNaH / azItyagne zakAmAnAM siddhametacchatatraye // 3 // '

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8 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa saMskRta lokavibhAgase prAcIna lokavibhAgake sambandhameM kevala itanI hI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / saMskRta lokavibhAgake kartAne yadyapi yaha nahIM likhA ki vaha prAcIna lokavibhAga kisa bhASAmeM hai; tathApi usake saMskRta rUpAntarase aura AcArya paramparAgata honese yahI vyakta hotA hai ki vaha prAkRtameM hI hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI jJAta nahIM hotI ki usakA parimANa kitanA thA / __ saMskRta lokavibhAgake kartAne antameM granthakA pramANa 1526 anuSTupa zloka batalAyA hai / para yaha parimANa mUla granthakA hai athavA usake saMskRta rUpAntarakA, yaha spaSTa nahIM hotaa| upalabdha lokavibhAgameM 2230 zloka haiM / inameM 704 zloka adhika hai / 100 se adhika gAthAeM tiloya paNNattiko, 200 padya Adi purANake aura zeSa gAthAe~ tiloyasAra; jaMbUdIpa paNNatti, aulokyasaMgraha Adi granthoMkI haiM / kahI inake nAma bhI diye haiM aura kahIM 'uktaMca' kahakara uddhRta kI hai / saMskRta lokavibhAgameM jambU dvIpa, lavaNa samudra, mAnuSa kSetra, dvIpa samudra, kAla jyotirloka; bhavanavAsIloka, adholoka; vyantaraloka, svargaloka aura mokSa nAmaka 11 vibhAga haiM / prAcIna lokavibhAgameM bhI saMbhavatayA isI nAmake itane hI adhikAra rahe hoNge| usa lokavibhAgake antameM usake racayitA sarvanandine grantha racanAke kAla, sthAna AdikA nirdeza kiyA hogaa| usI kA saMskRta rUpAntara saMskRta loka vibhAgameM kiyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| aura usase usake rUpAntarakArakA 'bhASAyAH parivartanena' likhanA akSarazaH sArthaka pratIta hotA hai| ___muni sarvanandike sambandhameM zrI premIjIne likhA hai ki zaka sambat 388 kA markarA kA jo dAnapatra hai usameM koNDakundAnvayake jina chaha muniyoMke nAma hai unameM abhayanandi jayanandi, guNanandi, aura candranandi nAma nanjanta haiN| sarvanandi nAma bhI aisA hI hai aura unakA lokavibhAga makarA lekhase ATha varSa pahalekA hai / arthAt jina antima candranandiko dAna diyA gayA hai, saMbhava hai unhIMke samakAlIna ho aura yApanIya hoN| ___ jo kucha ho, kintu sarvanandike viSayameM kucha bhI jJAta nahI hai| isa nAmake kisI AcAryakA koI prAcIna athavA arvAcIna ullekha bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| tiloya' paNNatti tiloya paNNatti yA triloka prajJapti prAcIna aura mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isake 1. hindI anuvAdake sAtha tiloyapaNNatti granthakA prakAzana do bhAgoMmeM jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA zolApurase huA hai|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 9 kartAne usake isa nAmako sArthaka batalAte hue likhA hai ki yaha tInoM lokoMke prakAzanameM dIpake samAna hai / aura unakA yaha kathana eka dama yathArtha hai yaha bAta granthake avalokanase spaSTa ho jAtI hai| digambara jaina paramparAmeM loka viSayaka upalabdha sAhityameM tiyoya paNNatti hI prAcIna haiN| aura prAyaH usIke AdhAra para loka viSayaka anya granthoMkA nirmANa huA hai| yaha apane viSayakA eka Akara grantha hai| aura isameM aneka prAcIna mAnyatAoM; matAntaroM aura granthoMkA ullekha milatA hai| una granthoMmeMse Aja do eka hI upalabdha haiM / AdhAra granthakA Arambha karate hue granthakArane likhA hai ki yaha 'tiloya paNNatti' jinendra bhagavAnake mukhase nirgata aura gaNadhara devake dvArA zabda racanA rUpa mAlAmeM gUMthe gaye, tathA pravAha rUpase zAzvata padoMko liye hue haiM ataH eva yaha sampUrNa doSoMse rahita hai aura AcArya paramparAse mujhe prApta huI hai| maiM atizaya bhakti dvArA prasanna kiye gaye guruke caraNoMke prasAdase ise kahatA huuN| Age trilokake vyAsAdiko 'dRSTivAdakA nisyanda' vatalAte hue likhA hai ki trilokakI muTAI, caur3AI aura UMcAIkA hama vaisA hI varNana karate haiM jaisA dRSTivAda aMgase nikalA hai| usase pUrva likhA hai ki paramANu bhI pUrate aura galate haiN| ataH pUraNa galana kriyAse yukta honeke kAraNa ve bhI pudgala hai aisA dRSTivAdameM nirdiSTa hai| ina ullekhoMse prakaTa hotA hai ki triloka prajJaptikA mUla AdhAra dRSTivAda nAmaka aMga hai| dRSTivAdake hI eka bheda parikarmake antargata candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti jambUdvIpa prajJapti, aura dvIpasamudra prajJapti thiiN| unhIM sabakA yathAyogya kathana isa granthameM bhI hai kyoMki trilokameM candra sUrya, jambUdvIpa tathA zeSa dvIpasamudra sabhI gabhita ho jAte haiM / aura trilokake sAtha saMlagna zabda prajJapti unhIMkA smaraNa karatA hai| yadyapi grantha racanAke samaya ve saba naSTa ho cukI thIM tathApi AcArya paramparAse granthakArako unakA jJAna avazya prApta huA thaa| use hI unhoMne isa granthameM nibaddha kiyA hai| ataH isa granthakA mUlAdhAra dRSTivAda aMga hai / aura sahAyaka ve grantha haiM jinake matAntaroMkA ullekha isa granthameM hai| 1. ti0 pa0, 1, 6 / 2. ti0 pa0 1, 85-87 / 3. ti0 50, 1, 148 / 4. ti0 pa0, 1-99 /

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10 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa grantha-nAmollekha trilokaprajJapti meM lokavinizcaya, lokavibhAga aura mUlAcArake sivAya maggAyaNI lokAyanI, saMgAiNI, AdikA ullekha milatA hai / saggAyaNI, saMgAyaNI, saMgAiNI, saMgAhaNI, aura saMgoyaNI ye saba bhinna grantha pratIta nahIM hote, balki lipikAroMke doSase hI ina vividha rUpoMkI sRSTi huI jAna par3atI hai / caudaha pUrvomeMse dUsare pUrvakA nAma agrAyaNIya thA / prAcIna prAkRta granthoMmeM isakA rUpa aggANIya yA aggeNiya pAyA jAtA hai / ti0 pa0 kI prastAvanAmeM pro0 hIrAlAla jIne ( pR0 11) saggAyaNI Adiko bhI aggAyaNIyakA hI bhraSTa rUpa mAnA hai aura likhA hai ki jaba ki isa racanAkA usake matabhedoMke spaSTa kathana sahita itane vAra ullekha kiyA jAtA hai taba isakA yaha artha ho sakatA hai ki tiloyapaNNattikArako agrAyaNIya pUrvakA savivaraNa vRttAnta upa labdha thA / hameM kheda hai ki prophesara sAhaba ke ukta matase hama sahamata nahIM ho sakate aura usake kaI kAraNa haiM / prathama to agrAyaNIya pUrvameM varNita viSayake sAtha trilokaprajJapti meM pratipAdita viSayakA mela nahIM khAtA / tattvArthavArtika (1 / 20 ), dhavalA ( 1, pR0 ) jayadhavalA ( mA0 1, pR0 130), aMgaprajJapti ( gA0 40 - 41), nandI cUrNi (sUtra 26), aura usakI TIkAoM meM prAyaH yahI batalAyA hai ki agrAyaNI pUrva meM sunayoM, durnayoMkA cha dravyoM aura nau padArthoMkA, kriyAvAdI Adi matoMkI prakriyAkA kathana rahatA hai / usameM loka racanA sambandhI viSayoMkA bhI kathana rahatA hai aisA donoM paramparAoMke kisI bhI granthameM nahIM khaa| aura ukta nAmoMse triloka prajJapti meM jo ullekha milate haiM ve saba loka racanAke antargata viSayase sambaddha hai yahA~ hama unheM uddhRta kara denA ucita samajhate haiM / " 'paNuvIsajoyaNAiM dhArApamuhammi hodi vikkaMbho / saggAyaNikattAro evaM NiyamA paruvedi // 217 // a0 4' dhArAke mukhameM gaMgA nadIkA vistAra paccIsa yojana hai / saggAyaNIke kartA isa prakAra niyamase nirUpaNa karate haiM / X x vAsaTThi joyaNAiM do kosA hodi kuMDa vitthAro / saMgoNI kattAro evaM NiyamA parUvedi // 219 // a0 4 x ( jisa kuNDameM gaMgA giratI hai) usakA vistAra bAsaTha yojana aura do kosa hai / saMgoyanIke kartA niyamase aisA kathana karate haiM /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 11 yaha saggAyaNI aura saMgoyaNI eka hI pratIta hote haiN| lipi kartAke kAraNa inameM bheda par3a gayA pratIta hotA hai / caujoyaNa ucchehaM paNasahadIhaM tadaddhavitthAraM / saggAyaNi AiriyA evaM bhAsaMti paMDusilaM // 1821 // -4 a0 'yaha pANDuka zilA cAra yojana UMcI, pA~ca sau yojana lambI aura isase Adhe arthAt ar3hAI sau yojana pramANa vistArase sahita hai| isa prakAra saggAyaNi AcArya kahate haiN| siribhaddasAla vedI vakkhAra girINa aMtara pamANaM / / paMca sama joyaNANi saggAyaNiyammi NiddiSTuM ||2029||-a0 4 'zrIbhadrazAla vanakI vedI aura vakSAragiriyoMke antarakA pramANa pA~ca sau yojana saggAyaNImeM batalAyA hai| x vasaiNiyAdINaM puha puha culasIdilakkha parimANaM / paDhamAe kakkhAe sesAsu duguNa duguNa kame // 27 // evaM sattavihANaM sattANIyANa hoMti pattekkaM / saMgAyaNi AiriyA evaM NiyamA parUveti ||272||-a0 8 / 'devendroMkI prathama kakSAmeM vRSabhAdika anIkoMkA pramANa pRthak pRthak caurAsI lAkha hai| zeSa kakSAoMmeM kramazaH isase dUnA-dUnA hai| isa prakAra sAta prakAra saptAnIkoMmeM se pratyekake hai, aisA saMgAyaNi AcArya niyamase nirUpaNa karate haiN| sagavIsaM koDIo sohammidesu hoMti deviio| puvvaM piva sesesuM saMgAhaNiyammi NiddiDheM ||387||-a0 8 / 'saudharma indrake sattAIsa karaur3a aura zeSa indroMke pUrvokta saMkhyA pramANa deviyA~ hotI haiM / aisA saMgAhaNimeM kahA hai| __ukta matabhedoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki jisa granthase ve matabheda liye gaye haiM unameM kama se kama madhyalokakA to vistRta varNana thaa| yadi aisA na hotA to gaMgA, gaMgA kuNDa, bhadrasAlavana aura vakSAragirikA antara tathA pANDuka zilAkA varNana usameM kahA~se hotaa| isI taraha usameM svargalokakA bhI varNana thaa| aura jahA~ ina donoMkA varNana ho vahA~ narakalokA varNana na ho, aisA nahIM ho sakatA / ataH ukta granthameM avazya trilokakA varNana thaa| isIse triloka prajJaptimeM usake

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12 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa matAntara diye gaye haiN| aisA grantha agrAyaNI pUrva nahIM ho sakatA / kyoMki usakA pratipAdya viSaya dravyAnuyoga hai, na ki karaNAnuyoga / . dUsare, agrAyaNIya pUrva to gaNadhara gautamake dvArA prathita huA thA vaha kisI AcAryakI racanA nahIM thaa| kintu 'saggAyaNI' ke sAtha triloka prajJaptikArane AcArya aura kartA zabdoMkA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| isase vaha koI AcArya racita grantha pratIta hotA hai aura usakA pratipAdya viSaya lokAnuyoga thaa| ukta saba matAntara usa eka hI granthake pratIta hote haiM / lipi kartAoMke doSase eka hI grantha saggAyaNI, saMgAiNI, saMgAyaNI, saMgoyaNI aura saMgAhaNI nAmoMse nirdiSTa huA jAna par3atA hai / granthakA mUla nAma saMgahaNI honA caahiye| zvetAmbara sAhityameM saMgrahaNI nAmake grantha milate haiN| eka vRhatsaMgrahaNI nAmaka grantha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kRta hai| inakA samaya vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha hai / usa granthameM bhI karaNAnuyogakA hI viSaya hai|| triloka prajJaptikArake sanmukha bhI koI prAcIna saMgrahaNI nAmaka grantha rahA hogA / usIke matabhedoMkA nirdeza unhoMne trilokaprajJaptimeM kiyA hai| ukta ullekhoMke sivAya 'maggAyaNI' aura 'saMgAiNi' kA nirdeza kramase 'loka vinizcaya' aura 'loka vibhAga' ke sAtha bhI milatA hai| donoM ullekha isa prakAra haiM 'dasaviMda bhUvAso paMca sayA joyaNANi muhvaaso| evaM loyaviNicchaya maggAyaNie mudIredi ||198||-a0 4 / 'balabhadra kUTakA bhUvistAra dasake dhanarUpa arthAt eka hajAra yojana aura mukha vistAra pA~ca sau yojana pramANa hai / isa prakAra lokavinizcaya maggAyaNImeM kahA hai| yahA~ 'lokavinizcaya aura maggAyaNI' bhI ho sakatA hai aura lokavinizcaya sambandhI maggAyaNI artha bhI ho sakatA hai| lokavinizcayake anya bhI ullekha triloka prajJaptimeM haiN| ataH yaha to nirvivAda hai ki lokavinizcaya nAmaka koI grantha trilokaprajJaptikArake sammukha thaa| kintu yaha maggAyaNI usIkA koI bhAga thA yA svataMtra grantha yahI vicAraNIya hai| lokavinizcayake sAtha Agata maggAyaNIko pro0 hIrAlAla jIne aggAyaNIya nAmaka dUsarA pUrva mAnA hai| kintu hameM yahA~ bhI saggAyaNI pATha ThIka pratIta hotA hai / 'sa' aura 'ma' meM jyAdA antara nahIM hai ataH lokavinizcayake sAtha ukta saMgrahaNIkA hI ullekha yahAM pratIta hotA hai|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 13 dUsarA ullekha isa prakAra hai jalasihare vikkhaMbho jalaNihiNo joyaNA dasasahassA / evaM saMgAiNie loyavibhAe viNiddiSTuM // 2448 // a0 4 / 'jala zikhara para lavaNa samudrakA vistAra dasa hajAra yojana hai| isa prakAra saMgAiNImeM aura loka vibhAgameM kahA hai'| ___ yahA~ to donoM pRthak-pRthak haiM ataH 'saMgAiNI aura loka vibhAga' artha karanA hI ucita pratIta hotA hai / yaha saMgAiNI bhI ukta saMgrahaNI hI pratIta hotI hai / astu, lokAyanIkA nirdeza ti0pa0 meM eka ullekha lokAyinI kA milatA hai jo isa prakAra hai kappaM paDi paMcAdI pallA devINa vahade AU / do do vaDDhI tatto loyAyaNiye samuddiDheM // 530 // 'deviyoMkI Ayu prathama kalpameM pA~ca palya pramANa haiM / isake Age pratyeka kalpameM do-do palyakI vRddhi hotI gaI hai, aisA lokAyinI meM kahA hai'| saMgAyaNI kI taraha lokAyanI bhI koI grantha pratIta hotA hai / 'ayaNa' anta vAle ye nAma kucha vicitrase pratIta hote haiM / zAyada purAkAlameM isa tarahake grantha nAmoMkA pracalana rahA ho| kintu trilokaprajJaptike sivAya anyatra inakA koI nirdeza nahIM miltaa| loka vinizcayakA ullekha ti0 pa0 meM saMgAyaNI AdikI taraha lokavinizcaya nAmaka granthake bhI aneka ullekha haiM jo isa prakAra haiM solasa kosucchehaM samacaurassaM tadaddhavitthAraM / loyaviNicchayakattA devacchandaM parUvei // 1866 / / a0 4 / 'lokavinizcayake kartA devacchandaM ko samacatuSkoNa solaha kosa UMcA aura isase Adhe vistArase saMyukta batalAte haiN| 1. ti0pa0 a0 4, gA0 1865meM devacchandako do yojana UMcA, eka yojana vistAra vAlA aura cAra yojana lambA kahA hai| kintu tatvArtha vAtika (3 / 10) meM lokavinizcayake anusAra solaha yojana UMcA aura 8 yojana vistAra vAlA kahA hai|

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14 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa vAso paNaghaNakosA taduguNA maMdirANa uccheho| loyaviNicchayakattA evaM mANe Nisvedi ||1975||-a0 4 / 'mandiroMkA vistAra pA~cakA ghana arthAt ekasau paccIsa kosa pramANa aura U~cAI isase duguNI hai| isa prakAra lokavinizcayake kartA inake pramANakA nirUpaNa karate haiN| tANaM ca merupAse paMcasayA joyaNANi vitthaaro| loyaviNicchayakattA evaM NiyamA parUvedi // 2028 // 'nIla aura niSadha parvatake pAsameM vakSAra' parvatoMkA vistAra dosau pacAsa yojana hai isase Age meruparvataparyanta pratyekameM pradeza vRddhi honese meruke pAsameM unakA vistAra pA~casau yojana pramANa ho gayA hai| isa prakAra lokavinizcayake kartA niyamase nirUpaNa karate haiN| X te caucaukoNeSu ekkekkadahassa hoMti cattAri / loyaviNicchayakattA evaM NiyamA parUveti ||69|-a0 5 / 've ratikara parvata pratyeka drahake cAra-cAra konoMmeM cAra hote haiM / isa prakAra lokavinizcayakartA niyamase nirUpaNa karate haiN| loyaviNicchayakattA kuMDalaselassa vaNNaNapayAraM / avareNa sarUveNaM vakkhANai taM parUvemo // 129 ||-a0 5 / 'lokavinizcayake kartA kuNDala parvatakA varNana dUsare prakArase karate haiM use yahA~ kahate haiM 1. ti0pa0 a0 4, 2017meM vakSAra parvatoMkA sarvatra vistAra pA~casau yojana kahA hai| kintu tatvArtha vArtikameM (3 / 10) lokavinizcayake samAna meruke pAsameM pA~casau yojana aura nIla-niSadhake pAsameM 250 yojana vistAra kahA hai| jambUdvIpaprajJaptimeM (7-18) unakA vistAra sarvatra 500 yojana batalAyA hai / tri0sA0 (gA0 753)meM bhI itanA hI vistAra kahA hai| 2. ti0pa0 gA0 (5-69)meM vApiyoMke donoM bAhya koNoMmeM do hI ratikA bata lAye haiN| kintu tatvArthavArtikameM (3 / 15) lokavinizcayake anusAra cAra cAra ratikara batalAye haiN| 3. tattvArthavArtika (3 // 35) meM kuNDalavara aura rucakavara dvIpakA varNana loka vinizciyake anusAra hai|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 15 loyaviNicchayakattA rucaka varahissa vaNNaNapayAraM / aNNeNa sarUvaNaM vakkhANai taM payAsemi ||167|-a0 5 / __'lokavinizcayake kartA rucakavara parvatakA varNana anya prakArase karatA hai use yahA~ kahate haiN| paNNAsAdhiya dusayA kodaMDA rAhuNayara bahalattaM / evaM loyaviNicchaya kattAyario parUvedi ||203||-a07 / 'rAhunagarakA bAhulya' do sau pacAsa dhanuSa pramANa hai aisA lokavinizcayake kartA AcArya kahate haiN| savvANi paNIyANi kakkhaM paDi chassa sahAveNa / puvva va vikuvvaNAe loyaviNicchaya muNI bhaNai ||270|-a0 8 / 'pratyeka kakSAkI saba senAe~ svabhAvase cha sau aura vikriyAkI apekSA pUrvokta saMkhyAke samAna haiM / aisA lokavinizcayake kartA muni kahate haiM / khaNa haNahaTTa duga igi aTThaya cha ssatta sakka deviio| loyaviNicchaya gaMthe huvaMti sesesu puvvaM va ||386||-a0 8 / 'zUnya, zUnya, zUnya, ATha, do, eka, ATha, chaha aura sAta, ina aMka pramANa saudharma indrakI deviyA~ hotI haiN| zeSa indroMmeM deviyoMkA pramANa pahaleke samAna hotA hai aisA lokavinizcaya granthameM kahA hai'| lokaviNicchayagaMthe loyavibhAgammi savva siddhANaM / ogAhaNa parimANaM bhaNidaM kiMcUNacarimadehasamo ||9||-a0 9 / 'lokavinizcaya granthameM aura lokavibhAgameM saba siddhoMkI avagAhanAkA pramANa kucha kama carama zarIrake samAna kahA hai| isa prakAra triloka prajJaptimeM lokavinizcayake matabhedoMkA ullekha milatA hai| yaha lokavinizcaya avazya hI koI mahattvapUrNa grantha honA cAhiye / akalaMkadevane tattvArthavArtikake tIsare aura cauthe adhyAyameM jo triloka sambandhI kathana kiyA hai lokavinizcaya sambandhI matabhedoMke sAtha unakA milAna karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki akalaMkadevane lokavinizcayake anusAra kathana kiyA hai / ataH unake 1. tattvArthavAtikameM (4 / 12) rAhuvimAnakA bAhulya lokavinizciyake anusAra 250 dhanUSa batalAyA hai| .

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16 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa sAmane lokavinizcaya vartamAna ho to koI Azcarya nahIM hai| saMbhava hai lokavinizcaya nAmase prabhAvita hokara hI unhoMne apane granthoMke nAma siddhivinizcaya aura nyAyavinizcaya rakhe hoN| lokavibhAga aba hama triloka prajJaptimeM ullikhita lokavibhAga sambandhI ullekhoMko yahA~ uddhRta karate haiM / lokavinizcayake pazcAt lokavibhAga hI aisA grantha hai jisakA tri0 pra0 meM vizeSa ullekha milatA hai do chanvArasabhAgabbhahio koso kameNa vAughaNaM / loyauvarimmi evaM loyavibhAyammi paNNattaM ||281||-a0 1 / 'lokake Upara arthAt loka zikhara para tInoM vAtavalayoMkA bAhulya kramase eka kosa aura usakA AdhA, eka kosa aura eka kosakA chaTA bhAga tathA eka kosa aura eka kosakA bArahavA~ bhAga hai, aisA lokavibhAgameM kahA hai'| X loyavibhAyAiriyA dIvANa kumANusehi juttANaM / aNNasarUveNa Thidi bhAsaMte taM parUvemo ||249||-a0 4 / 'lokavibhAgAcArya kumAnuSoMse yukta una dvIpoMkI sthiti anya prakArase kahate hai / usakA nirUpaNa karate haiN| X joiggaNa-NayarINaM savvANaM rUMdamANa sAricchaM / vahalattaM maNNate logavibhAyassa AiriyA ||115||-a0 7 / 'lokavibhAgake kartA AcArya samasta jyortigaNoMkI nagariyoMke vistAra pramANake samAna hI usake bAhulyako bhI mAnate haiN| loyavibhAyAiriyA surANa loaMtiANa vakkhANaM / / aNNasarUvaM veti tti pi eNhi parUvemo ||635||-a0 8 / 'lokavibhAgAcArya lokAntika devoMkA vyAkhyAna anya rUpase karate hai isaliye use bhI hama yahA~ kahate haiN| loka vibhAga nAmaka eka graMthakA, jisakA saMskRta rUpAntara upalabdha hai, paricaya prArambhameM hI karAyA gayA hai| kintu loka vibhAgake nAmase jina matAntaroMkA nirdeza triloka prajJaptimeM hai, unameMse saMskRta loka vibhAgameM aneka viSaya to milate nahIM yA anya rUpameM milate haiN| udAharaNake liye

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 17 1. tri0 pra0 1-281 meM batalAyA hai ki lokavibhAgameM lokake Upara, vAyukA bAhulya 1 // kosa Adi kahA hai| kintu saMskRta loka vibhAgameM lokake agrabhAgameM tInoM vAtavalayoMkA bAhulya kramase do kosa, eka kosa aura cAra sau paccIsa dhanuSa kama eka kosa kahA hai| yahI bAhulya triloka prajJaptimeM bhI batalAyA-yathA kosadugamekkakosaM kiMcUNekkaM ca loyasiharammi / UNapamANaM daMDA caussayA paMcavIsajudA ||271||-a0 1 isIkA saMskRta rUpa saMskRta loka vibhAgameM hai lokAgre krozayugmaM tu gavyUtiyUnagorutaM / nyUnapramANaM dhanuSAM paMcaviMzacatuHzatam // trilokaprajJaptimeM jo lokavibhAgakA mata diyA hai vaha mata yadi ukta lokavibhAgameM thA to saMskRta rUpAntarakArane use chor3akara triloka prajJaptikA mata kyoM diyA ? yadi usane bhASA parivartana karate hue mUla lokavibhAgake matoMkI upekSA kI hai to usakA 'bhASAyAH parivartanena' likhanA ucita pratIta nahIM hotA / ataH yahI adhika saMbhava pratIta hotA hai ki ukta mata usa lokavibhAgameM nahIM thA, ataH rUpAntarakArane triloka prajJaptise usakI pUrti kara lii| isI taraha tri0 pra0, a0 4, gA0 2491 meM kahA hai ki 'lokavibhAgAcArya kumAnuSoMse yukta dvIpoMkI sthiti anya prakArame kahate haiN| aura Age usa sthitikA kathana bhI kiyA hai kintu saMskRta loka vibhAgameM antarvIpoMkA jo varNana hai vaha tri0 pra0 se milatA hai| isIse usake samarthanameM saMskRta loka vibhAgake racayitAne tri0 pra0 kI gAthAeM bhI uddhRta kI haiN| ina bAtoMse triloka prajJaptimeM ullikhita lokavibhAgake aura sarvanandi racita lokavibhAga ke eka honemeM sandeha hotA hai / zrI premIjIne likhA hai ki tiloyapaNNattimeM lokavibhAgake matoMkA jisa svarUpameM aneka jagaha ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura niyamasArakI TIkAmeM jise loka vibhAgAbhidhAna paramAgama' kahA hai vaha avazya hI kAphI vistRta rahA hogA aura saMskRtameM usakA yaha saMkSepa kiyA gayA hai-'vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena' / zAyada isI lie isameM ve bahuta-sI bAteM nahIM milatI jinake niyamasAra, ti0 pa0 Adi granthoMmeM lokavibhAgameM kahe jAneke ullekha milate haiN|' premIjIkI ukta saMbhAvanA una kathanoMke viSayameM lAgU ho sakatI hai jo saM0 lo0 vi0 meM nahIM 1. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 5 / 2

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18 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa milate / kintu jo kathana tri0 pra0 ke anusAra milate haiM aura tri0 pra0 meM pratipAdita lokavibhAgake matAnusAra nahIM milate, saMkSepI karaNakI bAta unake viSayameM lAgU nahIM ho sktii| kisI granthakI bhASAko parivartita karake usa granthakA sakSepIkaraNa karanevAlA mUla granthakI mAnyatAoMko chor3akara usake sthAna meM dUsareke matoMkA nirdeza kare to ise saMkSepIkaraNakA phala nahIM kahA jA sktaa| phira saM0 lo0 vi0 ke Adya zlokake parvArdhameM maMgala karake jo uttarArdhameM 'vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena' kahA hai vaha loka vibhAgake liye nahIM kahA kintu lokatattva' ke liye kahA hai / 'anekadhA loka tattvako maiM saMkSepase vyAkhyAna kruuNgaa|' zAyada yaha Adya zloka bhI sarvanandi racita lokavibhAgakI Adya gAthAkA hI saMskRta rUpAntara ho aura sarvanandine apane loka vibhAgameM hI anekadhA lokatattvakA saMkSepase kathana karanekI pratijJA kI ho| premIjIne ThIka hI likhA hai ki 'jaba taka sarvanandikA mUlagraMtha nahIM milatA taba taka isa tarahake vikalpa uThate hI rheNge|' aura taba taka yaha bhI nizcaya pUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki tri0 pra0 meM ullikhita loka vibhAga hI sarvanandi racita lokavibhAga hai| astu, mUlAcAra eka ullekha mUlAcArakA milatA hai jo isa prakAra hai palidovamANi paMcaya sattArasa paMcavIsa paNatIsaM / causu jugalesu AU NAdavvA iMdadevINaM // 531 // AraNadugapariyataM vaDDhaMte pNcpllaaii| mUlAAre iriyA evaM NiuNaM Nisveti // 532 ||-a0 8 / 'cAra yugaloMmeM indradeviyoMkI Ayu kramase pAMca, sataraha, paccIsa, paiMtIsa palya mANa jAnanA caahiye| Age AraNa yugala taka pAMca palyakI vRddhi hotI gaI / aisA mUlAcArameM AcArya nirUpaNa karate haiN|' mUlAcAra nAmaka grantha mudrita ho cukA hai vaTTakerAcAryakA kahA jAtA hai / sake paryApti adhikArameM gA0 80 meM indradeviyoMkI Ayu barAbara ukta prakAra 'kahI hai| isa prakAra ti0 50 meM ukta granthoMkA nAma nirdeza milatA hai| aura usase ha spaSTa hai ki graMthakArake sAmane ukta graMtha vartamAna the aura unhoMne apane ntha nirmANameM unase sAhAyya liyA thaa| unake sivAya bhI aise aneka graMtha jinakI gAthAeM jyoM kI tyoM athavA pAThabhedase ti0 pa0 meM pAI jAtI haiN| nakI carcA Age kI jaayegii|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 19 kucha ullekhanIya matAntaroM kA nirdeza ti0pa0 meM jina granthoMkA nAmollekha karate hue unake matabhedoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai| unake sivAya bhI aneka matabhedoMkA nirdeza pAThAntara rUpameM athavA anirdiSTa AcAryoMke nAmase milatA hai| una sabakA saMkalana kara sakanA to yahA~ zakya nahIM hai| phira bhI kucha ullekhanIya matAntaroMkA nirdeza yahA~ kiyA jAtA hai| 1. maMgala zabdake arthaka sambandhameM matAntara pAvaM malaM ti bhaNNai uvacArasarUveNa jIvANaM / taM gAledi viNAsaM Neditti bhaNaMti maMgalaM keI ||17||-a0 1 'jIvoMke pApako upacAra rUpase mala kahA jAtA hai| use yaha maMgala galAtA hai / vinAzako prApta karatA hai isalie bhI koI AcArya ise maMgala kahate haiN|' vizeSAvazyaka bhASyameM bhI maMgalakA yaha lakSaNa nahIM hai / 2. dUsare adhyAyameM zarkarA Adi chai pRthiviyoMkA bAhulya kramase battIsa, aTThAIsa, caubIsa, bIsa, solaha aura ATha hajAra yojana batalAyA hai / Age gAthA 23ke dvArA vahI bAhulya prakArAntarase 132000, 128000, 120000, 118000, 1160000 aura 108000 batalAyA hai| yaha digambara granthoMmeM to nahIM miltaa| kintu jinabhadragaNi praNIta vRhatsaMgrahaNImeM (gAthA 241) ukta mata milatA hai / saMbhavatayA zvetAmbara paramparAmeM yahI mata mAnya hai / 3. cauthe adhyAya gA0 770meM kahA hai ki samavasaraNameM sthita mAnastambhoMkI U~cAI apane-apane tIrthakarake zarIrakI U~cAIse bAraha guNI hotI haiM / Age gA0 778meM kahA hai ki RSabhanAtha svAmIke samavasaraNameM mAnastambhoMkI U~cAI eka yojanase adhika thii| zeSa tIrthakaroMke mAnastambhoMkI U~cAI kramase hIna hotI gaI aisA kitane hI AcArya kahate haiN| 4. cauthe adhyAya gAthA 1496-99meM vIra nirvANake pazcAt zakarAjAkI utpattikA kAla batalAte hue cAra mata diye haiN| isI taraha vIra nirvANase 1000 varSa paryanta hue rAjavaMzoMkI kAla gaNanA sambandhI bhI eka matabheda diyA hai / inakA kathana Age kareMge / 5. cauthe adhyAya gA0 2546meM batalAyA hai ki dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpameM meruko chor3akara zeSa parvatoMkA vistAra jambUdvIpake parvatoMse dugunA hai| yahI mata sarvamAnya hai kintu AgekI gAthAmeM kinhIM AcAryakA mata diyA hai jo donoM dvIpoMmeM parvatoMkA vistArAdi samAna hI mAnate haiM /

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20 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 6. isI taraha a0 4 gA0 2578meM merukA vistAra tala bhAgameM dasa hajAra yojana aura pRthvI pRSTha para 9400 yojana batalAyA hai| kintu gAthA 2581meM matabheda dete hue likhA hai ki kitane hI AcArya meruke tala vistArako 9500 yojana taka mAnate haiM / yaha matabheda dhAtakI khaNDastha meruke sambandha meM hai| kintu akalaMkadevane tattvArthavArtika 3|33meN ghAtakIkhaNDastha merukA mUlameM vistAra 9500 yojana aura dharaNI talapara vistAra 9400 yojana likhA hai / yaha kathana ti0pa0ke ukta donoM matoMse nahIM miltaa| 7. adhikAra 8 gAthA 115meM batalAyA hai ki koI AcArya svargake bAraha kalpa mAnate haiM aura koI solaha kalpa mAnate haiN| tadanusAra granthakArane prathama vAraha kalpoMko ginAyA hai aura pazcAt matAntara rUpase solaha kalpoMko ginAyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAra bAraha kalpoMke pakSapAtI haiM / yadyapi unhoMne donoM hI mAnyatAoMke AdhArase kathana kiyA hai| kintu prAthamikatA bAraha kalpakI mAnyatAko hI dI hai / yathA, gAthA 525-26meM pahale bAraha kalpoMkI vivakSAse deviyoMkI AyukA pramANa batalAyA hai phira gAthA 527-29 solaha kalpoMkI mAnyatA vAloMke matase ukta AyukA pramANa batalAyA hai| vartamAnameM jo saMskRta loka vibhAga pAyA jAtA hai jo ki prAkRta lokavebhAgakI bhASAko parivartita karake racA gayA hai unameM bhI donoM matoMkA kathana hai| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bAraha kalpa hI mAne gaye haiM jabaki digambara paramparAmeM 16 kalpa mAne gaye haiN| 9. isI 8veM a0 meM gA0 511meM sarvArthasiddhimeM palyake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga ma tetIsa sAgara jaghanya Ayu kinhIM AcArya ke matase batalAI hai| yaha mata nyatra nahIM pAyA jaataa| sarvArthasiddhise cyuta hue devoMke sambandhameM gA0 684 i kahA hai Navari viseso samvaTThasiddhiThANado viccudA devA / vajjA salAga purisA NivvANaM jaMti NiyameNa / / 684 // isakA anuvAda kiyA gayA hai ki vizeSa yaha hai ki sarvArthasiddhise cyuta hue deva lAkA puruSa na hokara niyamase nirvANako prApta hote haiM / anuvAda ThIka hai kintu .0 4 gAthA 522 AdimeM likhA hai ki RSabha aura dharmAdi tIna tIrthaMkara rvArthasiddhise avatIrNa hue| ataH ukta gAthAmeM vajjAke sthAnameM bhajjA pATha |nA caahie| arthAt sarvArthasiddhise cyuta hue deva nirvANa to niyamase jAte haiM rantu zalAkA puruSa hote bhI haiM nahIM bhI hote /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 21 isa prakAra ye kucha matoMkA nirdeza hai / matAntara to aura bhI bahuta se haiM / unase pratIta hotA hai ki granthakArake sanmukha prakRta viSayase sambaddha kAphI sAhitya vartamAna thA, jo aba anupalabdha haiM / viSaya paricaya triloka prajJaptikA Arambha pA~ca gAthAoMke dvArA paMca guruoMkI vandanAse hotA hai, jo SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya maMgalabhUta paMcanamaskAra maMtrakA smaraNa karA detA hai / kintu paJca namaskAra maMtrameM arahannoMko pahale namaskAra kiyA hai, pIche siddhoMko namaskAra kiyA hai / kintu ti0 pra0 meM siddhoMke pazcAt arahaMtoMko namaskAra kiyA hai yahI vizeSatA hai| gA0 7 meM kahA hai ki zAstrameM maMgala, kAraNa, hetu, pramANa, nAma aura kartAkA kathana pahale karanA cAhiye, yaha AcAryoMkI paribhASA hai / kasAya pAhuMDake cUrNisUtroMke prArambhameM upakrama rUpase AnupUrvI, nAma, pramANa, vaktavyatA aura arthAdhikArakA nirdeza kiyA hai / dhavalA TIkAke ArambhameM vIrasenane ti0 50 meM kathita ukta chai bAtoMkA prathama kathana karanekA nirdeza kiyA hai kintu pramANa rUpase jo eka gAthA bhI uddhata kI hai vaha ti0 pa0 se bhinna hai| ukta maMgalAdikakI carcA karaneke pazcAt gA0 88-89 meM triloka prajJapti ke nau adhikAroMke nAma ginAye haiM-sAmAnya jagatakA svarUpa, nArakaloka, bhavanavAsIloka, manuSyaloka, tiryagloka, vyantaraloka, jyotiSI loka, kalpavAsI loka aura siddha loka / ye nau adhikAra isa granthameM haiM / (gA0 1, 88-89) prathama adhikArakA varNana prArambha karate hue granthakArane kahA hai ki anantAnanta alokAkAzake bahumadhyameM jIvAdi pA~ca dravyoMse vyApta aura jagazreNike ghana pramANa yaha loka hai (1, 91) / cUMki isameM lokakA pramANa jagazreNikA ghana kahA hai ataH jagazreNikA dhana pramANa batalAneke liye granthakArane upamA pramANake ATha bhedoMkA kathana kiyA hai / jo pramANa kisIkI upamAke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai use upamA pramANa kahate haiN| palyopama, sAgaropama, sUcyaMgula, pratarAMgula, dhanAMgula, jagaNi, loka pratara aura loka ye ATha upamA pramANake bheda haiM / (gA0 1, 93) / 1. 'maMgala kAraNahedu satthassa pamANa NAma katArA / paThama ciya kahidavvA esA ___ Airiya paribhAsA ||7||-ti0 50, a0 1 / 2. paMcaviho uvkkmo| taM jahA-ANupubbI, NAma, pamANaM vattavvadA, atthA hiyAro cedi |-k0 pA0, bhA0 1, pR0 13 / 3. maMgala-Nimitta heU parimANaM NAma taha ya kattAraM / vAgariya chappi pacchA vakkhANau satthamAiriyo ||1||-ssttkhN0 pu0 1 pR0 7 /

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22 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ina sabakA varNana karake granthakAra apane prakRta viSaya lokake svarUpa para Ate haiM / lokake tIna bheda haiM-adholoka, madhyaloka aura Urdhvaloka / adholokakA AkAra vetrAsanake samAna, madhya lokakA AkAra khar3e kie hue mRdaMgake UrdhvabhAgasamAna aura Urdhva lokakA AkAra khar3e kiye hue mRdaMgake samAna hai (gA0 130138) / Age tInoM lokoMkA mApAdi batalAyA hai| aura vividha prakArase kSetraphala tathA ghanaphala nikAlA hai| pUrA prakaraNa gaNitase sambaddha hai mudrita pratike anusAra pahale adhikArameM 283 gAthAe~ haiM aura antameM kucha prAkRta gadya bhAga hai| gadyake dvArA loka paryanta vAta valayoMse avaruddha kSetroMkA phala batalAyA gayA hai| dUsarA adhikAra nAraka lokase sambaddha hai| prArambhameM hI 4 gAthAoMke dvArA granthakArane 'tIrthaGkarake vacanoMse nikale hue isa nAraka prajJapti nAmaka mahAdhikAra ke antargata pandraha adhikAroMko ginAyA hai-nArakiyoMkI nivAsabhUmi, nArakiyoM kI saMkhyA, AyukA pramANa, zarIrakI U~cAI, avadhi jJAnakA pramANa, unake guNasthAna vagairaha, narakoMmeM utpanna hone vAle prANI, janma aura maraNake antarakAlakA pramANa, eka samayameM utpanna hone vAle aura marane vAle jIvoMkA pramANa, narakase nikalane vAle jIvoMkA varNana, naraka gatikI Ayuke bandhaka pariNAmoMkA kathana, naraka gatike utpatti sthAnoMkA kathana, narakake duHkhoMkA varNana, narakameM samyagdarzana grahaNa karaneke kAraNoMkA kathana, narakameM utpanna honeke kAraNoMkA kathana / ina pandraha vAtoMkA kathana dUsare adhikArameM hai| isa adhikArameM 362 gAthAe~ haiM 4 indravajrA haiM aura eka svAgatA hai / kula 367 padya haiM / tIsare adhikArameM bhavanavAsI devoMkA varNana hai| isa mahAdhikArake antargata cauvIsa adhikAra haiM jinameM kramase bhavanavAsI devoMkA nivAsa kSetra, bhavanavAsI devoMke bheda, unake cinha, bhavanoMkI saMkhyA, indroMkA pramANa, indroMke nAma, dakSiNa indra aura uttara indra, unameMse pratyekake bhavanakA parimANa, alpaRddhi vAle mahaddhika aura madhyama Rddhi vAle bhavanavAsI devoMke bhavanoMkA vyAsa, vedI; kUTa, jina mandira, prAsAda, indroMkI vibhUti, bhavanavAsI devoMkI saMkhyA, unakI AyukA pramANa, unake zarIrakI U~cAIkA pramANa, unake avadhijJAnake kSetrakA pramANa unake guNasthAnAdi, eka samayameM utpanna hone vAle aura marane vAle bhavanavAsI devoMkA pramANa, bhavanavAsI devoMmeMse marakara anyatra janma lene vAle jIvoMkI dazA, bhavanavAsI devoMkI Ayuke bandhayogya pariNAma, devoMke sukhakA svarUpa aura bhavanavAsI devoMmeM samyaktva grahaNake kAraNoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa mahAadhikAra ke AdimeM jo 24 adhikAra ginAye haiM unameM devoMmeM sukha nAmaka adhikAra nahIM ginAyA hai| kintu granthameM isa adhikArakA kathana kiyA hai| yathA-'evaM suha sarUvaM smttN'|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 23 isa adhikArameM 343 padya haiN| jinameM do indravajrA, cAra upajAti aura zeSa gAthAeM haiN| manuSya loka nAmaka cauthe mahA adhikAra meM solaha avAntara adhikAroM ke dvArA jambU dvIpa, lavaNa samudra, dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa, kAloda samudra, puSkarArddha dvIpa, ina dvIpoM meM rahane vAle manuSyoM ke bheda, unakI saMkhyA, unakA alpabahutva, unake guNa sthAna vagairaha, Ayubandha meM nimitta pariNAma, yoniyA~, sukha, duHkha, samyag darzana grahaNa karane ke kAraNa, aura manuSya loka se mukti prApta karane vAle jIvoM kI saMkhyA Adi kA kathana hai / yaha adhikAra bhUgola sambandhI varNanoM se sambaddha hai| anya bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA vistAra bhI sabase adhika hai| isI se isakI padya saMkhyA 3961 hai| jinameM 7 indravajrA, do dodhaka, 1 zArdUlavikriDita 2 vasanta tilakA aura zeSa gAthAe~ haiM / tRtIya suSama duSamA kAla kA anta nikaTa Ane para bhogabhUmi se isameM jo bharata kSetra ke Arya khaNDa meM hone vAle kAla parivartana kA varNana hai vaha aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI avalokanIya hai usakA kathana Age kreNge| jambUdvIpa ke varNana ke pazcAt lavaNa samudra kA varNana hai| lavaNa samudra ke madhya meM cAroM dizAoM meM cAra utkRSTa pAtAla haiM, vidizAoM meM cAra madhyama pAtAla haiN| aura unake bIca meM eka hajAra jaghanya pAtAla hai| pratyeka pAtAla ke nIce ke vibhAga meM vAyu, madhyama vibhAga meM jala aura vAyu tathA Upara ke vibhAga meM kevala jala rahatA hai| pAtAloM kI vAyu svabhAva se zukla pakSa meM pratidina 22223 yojana mAtra vRddhi ko aura kRSNa pakSa meM utanI hI hAni ko prApta hotI hai| isa prakAra pUrNimA ke dina nIce ke do tribhAgoM meM vAyu jala aura Upara ke eka tribhAga meM jala rahatA hai| tathA amAvasyA ke dina uparima do tribhAgoM meM jala aura nIce ke vibhAga meM vAyu rahatI hai| isI se samudra meM jala kI hAni aura vRddhi hotI hai| ___lavaNa samudra ke abhyantara bhAga meM aura bAhya bhAga meM 24-24 antarvIpa batalAye haiN| inameM kumanuSya rahate haiN| unake vicitra AkAra batalAye haiN| 1. 'he muni sattama ! atala, vitala, nitala, gabhastimAna, mahAtala, sutala aura pAtAla ina sAtoM meM se pratyeka pAtAla dasa dasa sahasra yojana kI dUrI para hai| unameM dAnava, daitya, yakSa aura bar3e bar3e nAga AdikI saikar3oM jAtiyA~ nivAsa karatI hai|'-vi0 pu0, 1 aMza, 5 a0 /

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24 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa lavaNa samudra ke pazcAt dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa kA varNana hai / phira kAlodadhi samudra aura puSkarArdha dvIpa kA varNana hai / pA~cave tiryagloka nAmaka mahAdhikAra meM solaha adhikAra haiM- sthAvara loka kA pramANa, usake bIca meM tiryak trasaloka dvIpa samudroM kI saMkhyA, nAma sahita unakA vinyAsa, nAnA prakAra kA kSetraphala, tiryaJcoM ke bheda, saMkhyA, Ayu, Ayu bandha ke kAraNa pariNAma, yoni, sukha, duHkha, guNasthAna vagairaha, samyaktva grahaNa ke karaNa, gati - Agati, alpa bahutva, aura avagAhanA / 9 isa adhikAra ko prArambha karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai ki maiM apanI zakti se tiryagloka kA leza mAtra varNana karatA hU~ / isase aisA ki usake sambandha meM unheM vistRta jAnakArI prApta karane ke upalabdha nahIM the / prakaTa hotA hai vizeSa sAdhana deva, nArakI aura manuSyoM ke sivAya tre tiryaJca sthAvara aura trasa ke bheda se do zeSa saba prANI tiryaJca kahalAte haiM / prakAra ke haiM / sthAvara pUre loka meM hate haiM aura sa loka ke madhya meM sthita trasanAlI meM rahate haiM / isI se granthakAra ne samasta lokAkAza ko sthAvara loka kahA hai aura sumeru parvata ke mUla eka lAkha yojana Upara taka tathA eka rAju lambe caur3e kSetra ko tiryaJcoM kA loka kahA hai / kyoMki tiryaJca trasa kevala madhyaloka meM hI rahate haiM / yoM to madhyaloka meM asaMkhyAta dvIpa aura asaMkhyAta samudra haiM / kintu nthakAra ne Adi aura anta ke solaha solaha dvIpoM aura solaha solaha samudroM hI nAma batalAye haiM / inameM se kevala AThaveM aura terahaveM dvIpa kA vizeSa rNana kiyA hai / inameM se AThaveM nandIzvara dvIpa kA jaina paramparA meM bahuta hattva hai kyoMki vahA~ 52 akRtrima jinAlaya haiM aura prativarSa kArtika, guna aura AsAr3ha ke antima ATha dinoM meM unakI pUjA ke upalakSa meM ndIzvara parva manAyA jAtA hai / isa adhikAra meM gadya bhAga adhika hai / gAthA saMkhyA to kevala 321 hai / kRta gadya dvArA dvIpa samudroM kA kSetraphala Adi batalAyA gayA hai / chaThe vyantara lokameM sataraha adhikAroMke dvArA bhUta pizAca Adi vyantara troM kA kathana hai / vyantaroMkA nivAsa kSetra, unake bheda, unake vividha cinha, nake kula, nAma, dakSiNendra aura uttarendra, unakI Ayu, AhAra, uchvAsa, avadhi na, zakti, UMcAI, saMkhyA, janma, maraNa, Ayuke bandhaka bhAva, samyaktva grahaNake raNa, aura guNasthAnAdikA kathana, ina adhikAroMke dvArA unakA kathana kiyA yA hai / isa adhikArameM 103 gAthAe~ haiM /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 25 jyotilaukakA kathana bhI sataraha adhikAroMke dvArA kiyA gayA hai / ve sataraha adhikAra hai-jyotiSI devoMkA nivAsa kSetra, bheda, saMkhyA, vinyAsa, parimANa, cara jyotiSiyoMkA saMcAra, acara jyoSiyoMkA svarUpa, Ayu, AhAra, uchvAsa, utsedha, avadhijJAna, zakti, utpatti va maraNa, Ayuke bandhaka bhAva, samyagdarzana grahaNa karaneke kAraNa aura guNasthAnAdi varNana / yaha adhikAra khagolase sambaddha hai| jainamAnya khagolakA paricaya karAte hue pahale likha Aye haiM ki sama pRthvItalase 790 yojanase lekara nau sau yojanakI U~cAI taka jyotiSa maNDalakA avasthAna hai| unameMse candrako indra aura sUryako pratIndra mAnA hai| jambUdvIpameM do candra aura do sUrya haiN| donoMkA cAra kSetra jambUdvIpameM 180 yojana aura lavaNa samudrameM 33018 yojana hai| sUrya vimAnakA vyAsa 48/61 yojana hai aura candra vimAnakA vyAsa 56/61 yojana hai| candra vimAnake nIce rAhu vimAna hai / usakA vistAra kucha kama eka yojana hai| zyAmavarNa hai| usakI gati ke kAraNa hI candragrahaNa aura pratidina kalAkI hAni vRddhi hotI hai| pakSAntara rUpase yaha bhI kaha diyA hai ki svabhAvase hI candrakI kalAyeM ghaTatI aura bar3hatI haiM / sUryake gamanake kAraNa dinakI hAni vRddhi bhI batalAI hai| isa adhikArameM 619 gAthAe~ haiM / antameM kucha gadya bhAga bhI hai| suraloka nAmaka AThaveM mahAdhikArameM 21 avAntara adhikAra haiN| jo isa prakAra hai-nivAsa kSetra, vinyAsa, bheda, nAma, sImA, saMkhyA, indra, vibhUti, Aya, utpatti aura maraNakA antara, AhAra, uchvAsa, utsedha, devaloka sambandhI Ayuke bandhaka bhAva, laukAntika devoMkA svarUpa, guNasthAnAdikA svarUpa, samyagdarzana grahaNake vividha kAraNa, svargoMse Agamana, avadhi jJAna, devoMkI saMkhyA, aura zakti aura yoni / kintu ina adhikAroMmeM se uchvAsa aura utsedhakA kathana nahIM hai| tathA 13 AyubandhakabhAva nAmaka adhikArake Age utpatti aura sukha nAmaka do aise adhikAroMkA kathana hai jinake nAma ikkIsa adhikAroMmeM nahIM haiN| isa mahAdhikArameM svarga lokakA varNana hai| isameM 703 gAthAe~ haiM / aura eka zArdUla vikrIDita hai| kucha gadya bhAga bhI hai|| ___yaha adhikAra sabase choTA hai| isameM mukta jIvoMkA varNana pAMca adhikAroMke dvArA kiyA gayA haiN| ve pA~ca adhikAra hai-siddhoMkI nivAsa bhUmi, saMkhyA, avagAhanA, sukha aura siddhatvake kAraNabhUta bhAva / isa adhikArameM kevala 77 gAthAeM haiN| yaha triloka prajJaptikA sAmAnya viSaya paricaya jAnanA cAhiye / triloka prajJaptike kucha vizeSa kathana triloka prajJaptikI jahA~ kucha apanI vizeSatAyeM haiM jina para dhyAna diyA jAnA

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26 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa Avazyaka hai vahA~ usake kucha vizeSa kathana bhI haiM jo jaina karaNAnuyogakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane vAloMke liye hI upayogI nahIM hai kintu bhAratIya itihAsake anveSakoMkI dRSTise bhI upayogI hai| unhIMkI ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA jAtA hai| sabase prathama dhyAna dene yogya hai usakI zailI, usakI carcA Age kI jaayegii| prArambhameM maMgalakI carcA paramparAgata hote hue bhI kaI dRSTiyoMse ullekhanIya hai-prathama gA0 8 meM maMgalake paryAya zabda-puNya, pUta, pavitra, prazasta, ziva, bhadra, kSema, kalyANa, zubha aura saukhya batalAye haiN| phira maMgala zabdakI tIna vyutpattiyAM kI haiM-malakA gAlana karatA hai isaliye maMgala hai| maMga-sukhako lAtA hai isaliye maMgala hai aura pUrva meM AcAryoM dvArA maMgalapUrvaka hI zAstrakA paThana pAThana huA hai usIko yaha lAtA hai isaliye maMgala hai| phira zAstrake Adi anta aura madhyameM niyamase maMgala karanekA vidhAna hai aura usakA phala batalAte hue likhA hai ki zAstrake AdimeM maMgala karanese ziSya zAstrake pAragAmI hote haiM, madhyameM maMgala karane para nirvighna vidyAkI prApti hotI hai aura antameM maMgala karanese vidyAkA phala prApta hotA hai ( gA0 28-29 ) / vizeSAvazyaka bhASyake AdimeM bhI maMgalakI carcA hai kintu vaha isase kucha bhinna hai| usameM bhI zAstrake Adi anta aura madhyameM maMgala karanekA vidhAna hai| kintu prathama maMgalakA phala nirvighna rUpase zAstrake arthakA pAragAmI honA hai| madhya maMgalakA phala zAstrakI sthiratA aura anta maMgalakA phala usakI avyucchitti batalAyA hai| ( vi0 bhA0 gA0 13-14 ) / yaha usase bhinna hai / ___ isI taraha maMgala zabdakI vyutpatti bhI bhinna hai-jisake dvArA hita prApta kiyA jAye vaha maMgala hai| maMga arthAt dharmako lAtA hai isalie maMgala hai| mAM (mujhako) saMsArase chur3AtA hai isalie maMgala hai (gA0 22-24) vidyAnandine AptaparIkSA TIkAke ArambhameM jo maMgalakI carcA kI hai usameM maMgala zabdako vyutpatti ti0pa0 ke anusAra hI hai| aura dhavalATIkAke ArambhameM jo maMgalakI carcA hai (SaTkhaM0 pu. 1, pR0 31) vaha to ti0pa0 kI hI RNI hai / ti0pa0 1-40 AdimeM rAjA, adhirAja, mahArAja, ardhamaNDalIka', maNDalIka, 1. zukranItimeM (1 / 182-184) maNDalIkako rAjA aura mahArAjAse choTA batalAyA hai| jisakI vArSika bhUmi karase Aya 4 lAkhase 10 lAkha cA~dIke kArSApaNa paryanta ho vaha maNDalIka aura 11 lAkhase 20 lAkha paryanta Aya hone para rAjA tathA 21 lAkhase 50 lAkha paryanta hone para mahArAjA batalAyA hai|

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bhUgola -khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 27 mahAmaNDalIka, ardhacakrI aura cakravartI ye rAjapada ginAkara pratyekakI paribhASA dI hai - jo bhakti yukta aTThAraha senAoMkA svAmI hotA hai, ratnajaTita mukuTa dhAraNa karatA hai, sevA karane vAloMko vRtti aura artha detA hai tathA yuddha sthala meM zatruoMko jItatA hai vaha rAjA hai / pA~casI rAjAoMkA svAmI eka hajAra rAjAoMkA pAlaka mahArAja hai / do hajAra rAjAoMkA adhipati ardhamaNDalIka hai / isI taraha dUne-dUne rAjAoMke svAmI maNDalIka Adi kahe jAteM haiM / adhirAja hai / hAthI, ghor3A, ratha inake adhipati, senApati, padAti, zreSThI, daNDapati, zUdra, kSatriya, vaizya, mahattara, pravara (brAhmaNa), gaNarAja, mantrI, talavara, purohita, amAtya aura mahAmAtya ye aTThAraha zreNiyAM haiM // 43-44 // isase prAcIna bhAratake rAjAnukramakI vyavasthAkA patA calatA hai / dravyakI mApakA mUla paramANu hai / paramANukA svarUpa granthakArane tIna-cAra gAthAoMke dvArA batalAyA hai-- jo atyanta tIkSNa zastrake dvArA bhI chedA-bhedA nahIM jA sakatA tathA jo jala aura agnike dvArA bhI nAzako prApta nahIM hotA vaha paramANu hai ( gA0 1 / 96) / jisameM eka rasa, eka varNa, eka gaMdha kintu do sparza guNa hote haiM. jo svayaM zabda rUpa na hokara bhI zabdakA kAraNa haiM vaha paramANu hai ( gA0 1197 ) / jo Adi anta aura madhya se rahita hai, eka pradezI hai, indriyoMke dvArA grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatAM tathA vibhAga rahita haiM, vaha paramANu hai ( 98 ) / anantAnanta' paramANuoMse eka uvasannAsanna nAmaka skandha utpanna hotA hai / ATha uvasannAsannoMse sannAsanna nAmaka skandha utpanna hotA hai / ATha sannAsannoMse eka truTireNu, ATha truTireNuoMse eka trasareNu, ATha trasareNuoMse eka rathareNu, ATha rathareNuoMkA eka uttama bhogabhUmike manuSya ke bAlakA agrabhAga, ukta ATha vAlagrabhAgoMkA eka madhyama bhogabhUmike manuSyakA bAlAgra ina ATha bAlAgroMkA eka jaghanya bhogabhUmike manuSyakA bAlAgra, ina ATha bAlAgroMkI eka lIka, ATha lIkakI eka jU~, ATha jU~kA eka jauM aura ATha jauMkA eka utsedha aMgula hotA hai / ( gA0 102 - 106) / 1. anuyogadvAra sUtra 101 meM bhI ukta kathana hai magara kucha antarako lie hue haiM / tatvArthavArtika ( 3 / 38) pR0 207 para bhI ukta kathana hai / jahA~ eka ora vaha ti0pa0 se milatA hai vahA~ kucha bhedako bhI lie hue haiM aura kucha aMza usakA anuyogadvArase milatA hai /

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28 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ___ aMgulake tIna bheda haiM-utsedhAMgula, pramANAMgula aura AtmAMgula / utsedhAMgula se pA~casau gunA pramANAMgula hotA hai / apasarpiNI kAlake prathama cakravartI bharatakA yahI AtmAMgula hotA hai| bharata aura airAvata kSetrameM jisa-jisa kAlameM jo-jo manuSya hote haiM uma-usa kAlake manuSyoMkA aMgula AtmAMgula kahA jAtA hai| utsedhAMgulase deva manuSya, tiryaJca nArakiyoMke zarIrakI UMcAI, nivAsa sthAna, tathA nagarAdikA pramANa mApA jAtA hai| tathA dvIpa, samudra, kulAcala, bharatAdi kSetroMkA mApa pramANAMgulase hotA hai / (1|gaa0 107-111) / cha aMgulakA pAda, do pAdoMkA eka vitasti, do vitastiyoMkA eka hAtha, do hAthakA eka rikkU (kiSku), do rikkuoMkA eka daNDa yA dhanuSa aura do hajAra daNDa yA dhanuSakA eka koza hotA hai| cAra kozakA eka yojana hotA hai| (1 / gA0 114-116) ti0pa0 (4 / 285 Adi)meM kAla gaNanAkA krama diyA hai| pudgalakA eka paramANu jitane kSetrako rokatA hai use pradeza kahate haiM / aura eka paramANu apane nikaTavartI AkAza pradezako jitanI derameM atikramaNa karatA hai vaha samaya haiM / yaha kAlakA sabase laghu aMza hai / asaMkhyAta samayoMkI eka Avali hotI hai| saMkhyAta AvaliyoMkA eka uchvAsa hotA hai / sAta uchvAsoMkA eka stoka, sAta stokoMkA eka lava, sAr3he ar3atIsa lavakI eka nAlI aura do nAliyoMkA eka muhUrta hotA hai| eka samaya karma muhUrtako bhinna muhUrta kahate haiM / tIsa muhUrta kA dina, 15 dinakA pakSa, do pakSakA eka mAsa, do mAsakI Rtu, tIna RtuoMkA ayana, do ayanoMkA varSa aura pAMca varSakA yuga hotA hai / 84 lAkha varSakA pUrvAga, caurAsI lAkha pUrvAMgakA eka pUrva isI taraha Age niyutAMga, niyuta, Adi jaannaa| (gA0 1, 285-308) / ti0 50 kA cauthA mahAdhikAra jainadharmake una kathanoMkI dRSTise jinheM paurANika kahA jAtA hai bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / ___ yaha pahale likha Aye haiM ki bharata kSetrameM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAlake cha bhAgoMke dvArA sadA parivartana hotA rahatA hai / avasarpiNIke zurUke tIna kAloMmeM bhogabhUmi rahatI hai / kalpavRkSoMse hI Avazyaka saba vastue~ unheM mila jAtI hai| ve kalpavRkSa dasa prakArake hote haiM unameMse prakAza dene vAle kalpavRkSoMke kAraNa sUrya vandramA Adi taka dRSTi agocara rahate haiM / unakA prakAza pRthvI taka nahIM aataa| phalataH varSA bhI nahIM hotii| jaMgalI pazu bhI ahiMsaka hote haiM / yugala strI puruSa manta samaya upasthita hone para bAlaka-bAlikAke yugalako janma dekara svargata ho gAte haiM / aura yuvA hone para ve donoM bAlaka bAlikA pati patnIke rUpameM apane

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bhUgolakhagola viSayaka sAhitya : 29 mAtA pitAkA sthAna le lete haiM / digambara sAhityameM bhoga bhUmiyoMke bAremeM kevala 7-7 dinakA hI vivaraNa milatA hai, jisake anusAra ve 42 dinameM hI taruNa ho jAte haiM / kintu yaha vyavasthA jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI haiM / ti0pa0meM madhyama bhogabhUmimeM 5-5 dina aura uttama bhoga bhUmimeM tIna-tIna dina kAla batalAyA hai / zvetAmbara sAhityameM aisA kathana milatA hai / jaba bhogabhUmise karmabhUmi AtI hai taba ukta bAtoMmeM dhIre-dhIre parivartana hone lagatA hai aura janatA una parivartanoMko dekhakara ghabarA uThatI hai / taba ekake bAda ekake kramase caudaha kulakara (manu) utpanna hote haiM jo apane-apane samayakI kaThinAiyoMko dUra karanekA upAya batAkara janatAko Azvasta karate haiM / antima kulakara nAbhirAya the / unhIMkI patnI marUdevIkI kokha se prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadevane janma liyA thA / ( 4 / gA0 313 - 550 meM) kulakaroMke kAryakA varNana Adi kiyA hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva isa yugake Adya nRpati aura unake putra bharata Adya cakravartI the / mahAbhAratameM tathA bauddhoMke dIghanikAyameM bhI sRSTikI AdimeM aise samayakA varNana hai jaba na koI rAjA thA aura na koI zAsaka aura sada sukhI santoSI aura sadAcArI the / karma bhUmike prathama kAlameM tresaTha zalAkA puruSa utpanna hote haiM / ye zalAkA puruSa haiM -- 24 tIrthaGkara, bAraha cakravartI, nau balabhadra, nau nArAyaNa aura nau pratinArAyaNa / cakravartiyoMmeM bharatake pazcAt sagara hue / inakA kathana hindU purANoMmeM bhI AtA hai / nau baladevoMmeM 8veM zrI rAmacandra aura nauveM kRSNa jI ke bar3e bhAI baladeva jIkA nAma hai / baladeva jIke liye padmanAma AyA hai| nau nArAyaNoMmeM lakSmaNa tathA zrIkRSNajIkA nAma hai / nArAyaNoMke zatru pratinArAyaNoMmeM rAvaNa aura jarAsaMdhakA nAma hai / ( 4 / 515-519 ) / caubIsa tIrthaGkaroMkA kathana vistArase kiyA gayA hai / usameM unake avataraNa sthAna, janmasthAna, mAtA-pitA, janmatithi, janmanakSatra, vaMza, Ayu, zarIrakI U~cAI, raMga, cinha, kumArakAla, rAjyakAla, vairAgyakA kAraNa, dIkSAsthAna, dIkSA kI tithi kAla, nakSatra, vana, saha dIkSita rAjakumAroMkI saMkhyA, pAraNAkA kAla, kevalajJAna prAptikI tithi, samaya, nakSatra aura sthAna, aura unakI upadeza sabhA, samavasaraNa AdikA kathana kiyA hai / gA0 896 AdimeM tIrthaMkaroMke cautIsa atizayoM aura 8 prAtihAryoMkA kathana hai / ATha prAtihAryo meM usake sthAnameM likhA hai ki vAraha gaNa tIrthaMkarako ghera kara sthita rahate haiM / gA0 916-918 meM tIrthaMkaroMke kevalajJAnake vRkSoMke nAma ginAye haiM, aura likhA hai ki jina vRkSoMke nIce tIrthaMkaroMko kevalajJAna huA ve saba azoka vRkSa haiM / divya dhvani nahI hai samavazaraNakI racanAkA varNana sAMskRtika dRSTise bhI ullekhanIya hai / isI

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30 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa taraha roSa zalAkA puruSoMke sambandhameM bhI Avazyaka bAteM batalAI haiN| gA0 1304-1410 meM cakravattiyoMkI dig vijaya tathA vibhUtikA varNana paThanIya hai / ____ antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIrakI gaNanA bhAratake aitihAsika mahApuruSoMmeM kI jAtI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIrake pazcAt 683 varSa taka hue unake ziSya praziSyoMkI kAla gaNanA dI gaI hai| yahI kAla gaNanA dhavalA, jayadhavalA, harivaMza purANa, zrutAvatAra Adi graMthoM meM tathA paTTAvaliyoMmeM milatI hai / __ usake pazcAt granthakArane vIra nirvANake pazcAt zaka rAjAkI utpatti honekA kAla dete hue aneka matoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai, jo isa bAtakA sUcaka hai ki prAcIna samayameM bhI kAla gaNanAmeM Azcaryajanaka matabheda pAyA jAtA thaa| vIra jinendrake nirvANake pazcAt cAra sau ikasaTha varSa bItane para zaka rAjA huA / athavA nau hajAra sAta sau picAsI varSa aura pAMca mAsa bItane para zaka rAjA huA, athavA caudaha hajAra sAta sau tirAnave varSa bItane para zaka rAjA huaa| athavA 605 varSa 5 mAsa bItane para zaka rAjA huaa| ( 4 / 1496-99 ) / inameMse granthakArako prathama mata mAnya hai| kintu dhavalAkAra, harivaMza purANa kAra (60549 ) aura trilokasArake ( gA0 850 ) kartAko antima mata mAnya thaa| vartamAnameM jo vIranirvANa samvat tathA zAlivAhana zaka samvat pracalita hai una donoMmeM 605 varSa 5 mAsakA hI antara hai| granthakAra ne vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt 1000 varSa meM bhArata meM hue pramukha rAjavaMzoM kI kAla gaNanA bhI dI hai jo aitihAsika dRSTi se apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hai| sabase prathama granthakAra ne isa kAla gaNanA ke sambandha meM eka matAntara diyA hai jisake anusAra zrIvIra bhagavAna ke nirvANa kAla ke pazcAt 461 varSa bItane para zaka narendra huaa| usake vaMza kA rAjya kAla 242 varSa taka rahA / phira 255 varSa taka guptoM kA rAjya rhaa| phira 42 varSa taka caturmukha kalkikA rAjya rhaa| isa taraha 461 + 255 + 242 + 42 = 1000 varSa hote haiM / / (4 / 1503-4) / ___ isake bAda kI rAjya kAla gaNanA ullekhanIya hai| jisa samaya bhagavAna hAvIra kA nirvANa huA usI samaya avantisuta pAlakakA rAjyAbhiSeka aa| sATha varSa taka pAlaka kA, eka sau pacapana varSa taka vijaya vaMziyoM kA, lIsa varSa muruNDa' vaMziyoM kA, aura tIsa varSa puSyamitra kA rAjya rhaa| . tapAgaccha paTTAvalI, tIrthoddhAra prakaraNa aura merutuMga kI vicArazreNI meM pAlaka ke bAda 155 varSa rAjyakAla nanda rAjAoM kA likhA hai| * prabhAvaka carita meM pATalI putra ke muruNDa rAjyavaMza kA varNana hai /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 31 phira sATha varSa vasumitra' agnimitra kA, eka sau varSa gandharva kA aura 40 varSa nara vAhana kA rAjya rhaa| phira bhratyAndhroM kA kAla 242 varSa rahA, phira gupta vaMza kA rAjya 231 varSa rahA / phira catumukhakalki huaa,| usane 42 varSa rAjya kiyaa| isa taraha 60 + 155 + 40 + 30 + 60 + 100 + 40 + 242 + 231 + 42 = 1000 varSa hue| (4 / 1505-9) / Age kalki ke atyAcAroM kA varNana hai / anta meM likhA hai ki isI taraha pratyeka eka eka hajAra varSa meM eka eka kalki aura pratyeka pA~ca sau varSoM meM eka eka upakalki hogA ( 4 / 1505-9) / kalki eka aitihAsika rAjA haA hai| usake viSaya meM sva. zrI jAyasavAla ne eka vistRta lekha likhA thA / isI taraha sva0 DA0 kAzInAtha bApUjI pAThaka ne bhI apane eka lekha meM kalki ko aitihAsika rAjA batalAyA thaa| kintu jAyasavAla jI ke mata se mAlavAdhipati viSNu yazodharmA hI kalki hai aura pAThaka jI mihira kula ko kalki mAnate the / astu, 21veM antima kalki ke atyAcAroM ke virodha svarUpa antima muni AyikA zrAvaka aura zrAvikA samAdhi pUrvaka maraNa ko prApta hote haiM / usI dina eka asura ke dvArA kalki mAra DAlA jAtA hai aura dharma tathA rAjAke sAtha agni kA bhI lopa ho jAtA hai| isa ghaTanA ke tIna varSa sAr3he ATha mAsa pazcAt atiduSamA nAmaka chaThA kAla AtA hai| usa kAla meM vastra, vRkSa, makAna vagairaha naSTa ho jAte haiN| manuSyoM kA AcaraNa pazuvat ho jAtA hai| isa kAla kA pramANa ikkIsa hajAra varSa hai| usameM unacAsa dina zeSa rahane para pralaya kAla AtA hai| bhayaMkara varSA aura utpAtoM se parvata taka cUrNa cUrNa ho jAte haiM / unacAsa dina bItane para avasarpiNI samApta ho jAtA hai aura usarpiNI kAla Arambha hotA hai| yaha duHkha se sukha kI aura bar3hatA hai| isake antargata cha kAla haiM-ati duSamA, duSamA, duSama suSamA, suSama duSamA, suSamA, suSama 1. vicAra zreNI, tItthogAlIpainnA aura tIrthoddhAra prakaraNa meM vasumitra agni mitra ke badale balamitra bhAnamitra, gandharva ke sthAna meM gardabhilla kA nAma hai| harivaMza purANa meM gardabhillako gardabha mAnakara usake paryAyavAcI zabda rAsabha kA prayoga kiyA hai| gardabhilla eka rAjavaMza thaa| sva0 jAyasavAla ne khAravela ke rAjavaMza se usakI ekatA siddha kI hai| (bi. u0 ri0 so0 jarnala kA sitambara 1930 kA aNk)| 2. 'kalki avatAra kI aitihAsikatA' aura gupta rAjAoM kA kAla, 'mihirakula aura kalki' zIrSaka lekha-jai0 hi0, bhA0 13, aM0 12 /

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32 : janasAhityakA itihAsa sussmaa| ina cha kAloM kA saMkSepa meM varNana hai| isa taraha bharata kSetra kA varNana samApta hotA hai| usake pazcAt jambUdvIpa ke zeSa kSetroM aura parvatoM kA varNana hai| ye ti0 pa0 ke kucha ullekhanIya vizeSa kathana haiN| ti0 50 meM aneka aisI gAthAeM bhI pAI jAtI haiM jo upalabdha anya granthoMmeM bhI jyoM kI tyoM pAI jAtI haiN| aise granthoMmeM mUlAcAra, samayasAra, paJcAstikAya, pravacanasAra aura bhagavatI ArAdhanAkA nAma ullekhanIya haiN| ye sabhI grantha prAcIna haiM aura di0 jaina sAhitya meM inakA sthAna prathama koTi meM ginA jAtA hai / kucha gAthAoM kA vivaraNa nIce diyA jAtA hai / / ti0 pa0 ke siddhaloka nAmaka nauveM adhikAra meM 18-65 gAthAoM meM siddhatva kI hetu bhUta bhAvanAoM kA varNana hai| ina gAthAoM meM kitanI hI gAthAe~ pravacanasAra samayasAra paJcAstikAya meM aura niyamasAra meM jyoM kI tyoM pAI jAtI haiM, aura tulanAtmaka adhyayana karanese yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki ye gAthAe~ una granthoMse hI ti0 50 meM lI gaI haiM kyoMki jitanI 'phiTa' unakI sthiti unake mUla granthoMmeM hai utanI yahA~ nahIM hai| udAharaNake liye tilo0 pa0 ke nauveM adhikArake antameM kunthunAthame lekara mahAbIra paryanta tIrthaMkaroMko namaskAra kiyA hai| mahAvIra bhagavAnko namaskAra karane vAlI gAthA pravacanasArakI Adya maMgala gAthA hai jo isa prakAra hai esa surAsuramaNusiMdavaMdidaM dhaudaghAikammamalaM / paNamAmi vaDDhamANaM titthaM dhammassa kattAraM // 73 // pravacanasArameM isake pazcAt 'sese puNa titthayare' gAthAke dvArA zeSa tIrthaMkaroMko namaskAra kiyA hai aura sabase prathama bhagavAn mahAvIrako namaskAra karanekA kAraNa ukta gAthAmeM hI batalA diyA hai ki pracalita dharmatIrthake kartA ve hI haiM / sAtha hI 'esa' zabdakI sthiti bhI pravacanasArameM hI ThIka ghaTita hotI hai| ti0pa0meM to usakA koI prayojana hI dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| ataH ukta gAthA pravacanasArase hI lI gaI hai| isI taraha anya gAthAoMke sambandhameM bhI jAnanA caahie| mUlAcArakA to granthakArane nAmollekha bhI kiyA hai yaha pahale likha Aye haiN| usake paryApti adhikArakI anya gAthAe~ ti0pa0meM jyoMkI tyoM yA kucha pATha parivartanake sAtha pAI jAtI haiN| isI taraha bhagavatI ArAdhanAse bhI kucha gAthAeM lI gaI haiN|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 33 katipaya prakaraNoMko dekhanese aisA pratIta hotA hai ki granthakArameM saMgraha vRtti thii| unheM jahA~ jo kucha saMgrAhya jAna par3A usakA unhoMne saMgraha kara liyaa| udAharaNake lie prathama adhikArake AdimeM loka sAmAnyakA varNana Arambha karate hue palyakA pramANa batalAneke lie paramANukA nirUpaNa 7 gAthAoMke dvArA kiyA hai / ve sAtoM gAthAeM granthAtaroMse saMgRhIta kI gaI haiM / gAthAe~ isa prakAra haiM khaMdhaM sayalasamatthaM tassa ya addhabhaNaMti deso tti / addhaddhaM ca padeso avibhAgI' hodi paramANU // 15 // sattheNa sutikkheNa chettu bhettuM ca jaM kirassakkaM / jalayaNalAdihiM NAsaM Na edi so hodi paramANa // 96 // ekkarasavaNNagaMdhaM do pAsA saddakAraNamasadaM / khaMdaMtaridaM davvaM taM paramANu bhaNaMti budhaa-||97|| aMtAdi majjhahINaM apadesaM iMdiehi Na hu gejhaM / jaM davvaM avibhattaM taM paramANu kahaMti jiNA // 98 // pUraMti galati jado pUraNagalaNohi poggalA teNa / paramANucciya jAdA idi diTuM diTTivAdamhi // 99 / / vaNNarasagaMdhaphAse pUraNagalaNAi savvakAlamhi / khaMdaM piva kuNamANA paramANu puggalA tamhA // 10 // Adesamuttamutto dhAtucaukkassa kAraNaM jo du / so Neo paramANu pariNAma guNo ya khaMdassa // 101 // inameMse gAthA 95, 97 tathA 101 paJcAstikAyakI kramase gAthA naM0 75, 81 aura 78vIM gAthA haiN| ina tInoMke kevala antima caraNameM pAThabheda pAyA jAtA hai| paJcAstikAyameM unakI sthiti bilkula svAbhAvika aura sayuktika hai| jabaki ti0pa0meM ve saMgRhIta dazAmeM vartamAna haiN| isI taraha gAthA 96kA pUrSi anuyogadvArakI gAthAse bilkula milatA huA hai / yathA 'satyeNa sutikkheNavi chittuM bhettu ca jaMkira na sakkA / taM paramANu siddhA vayaMti AI pamANANaM // 100 // ' gAthA 98 niyamasArakI 26vIM gAthA hai usameM vaha isa prakAra hai attAdi atta majbhaM attataM Neva iMdie gebhaM / jaM davvaM avibhAgI taM paramANu vijANIhi // 26 // 1. 'paramANu ceva avibhAgI ||75||'-pnycaasti / 2. 'paramANutaM viyANehi' ||81||-pnycaa0 / 3. 'pariNAma guNo sayamasaddoM' // 78 // paJcA0 /

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34 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ye grantha ti0pa0se kaI sau varSa prAcIna haiN| ataH ti0pa0se unameM liye jAne kI to sambhAvanA hI nahIM kI jA sktii| bhagavatI ArAdhanA zivArya racita eka prAcIna grantha hai| usakI bhI kaI gAthAe~ ti0 50 meM vartamAna hai| ti0 pa0 meM eka gAthA isa prakAra hai veDhedi visayahetuM kalattapAsehiM duvimocehiM / koseNa kosakAro va dummadI mohapAsesu ||627||-a0 4 / ___ yaha bha0 ArAdhanAkI 919 vIM gAthA hai / antima caraNameM 'dummadI Nicca appANaM' pATha bheda hai| isI taraha ti0 50 a0 3 meM gAthA na0 617-618, bha0 ArAdhanAmeM usI kramase vartamAna gAthA na0 1582-83 haiM / bhagavatIkI vairAgya paraka anya bhI gAthAe~ ti0 pa0 meM tIrthaGkaroMke vairAgyake prakaraNameM vartamAna haiN| ti0 pa0 ke nauve adhikArameM, jisameM adhikAMza gAthA saMgRhIta haiM aura unakA koI krama bhI samucita pratIta nahIM hotA, tIna gAthAe~ puNyakI burAImeM dI gaI haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM puNNeNa hoI vihao vihaveNa mao maeNa maimoho / madamoheNa ya pAvaM tahmA puNNo vi vajjejjo // 52 // paramaTTa bAhirA je te aNNANeNa puNNamicchati / saMsAragamaNaheduM vimokkhahedu ayANaMtA // 53 // Nahu maNNadi jo evaM Natthi visesotti puNNapAvANaM / hiMDadi ghoramapAraM saMsAraM mohasaMchaNNo // 54 // inameMse pahalI gAthA paramAtma prakAzakI 2 / 60 vIM gAthA hai| isake antima caraNameM pATha bheda haiN| usameM 'tamA puNNovi vajjejo ke sthAnameM 'tA puNNaM ahma mA hou' pATha hai / abhiprAyameM koI antara nahIM hai| dUsarI gAthA samaya prAbhatakI 154 vIM gAthA hai aura tIsarI gAthA pravacanasArakI 177 vIM gAthA hai| tInoM gAthAoMkA parasparameM koI sambandha nahIM hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki ve una granthoMse saMgRhIta kI gaI haiM / jahA~ taka samayasAra aura pravacanasArakI bAta hai vahA~ taka to koI vizeSa bAta nahIM hai kyoMki ina donoM granthoMkI bahuta sI gAthAe~ ti0 pa0 meM saMgRhIta haiM aura ye donoM grantha bhI ti0 50 se bahuta prAcIna haiM / kentu paramAtma prakAzakI gAthAkA tiloyapaNNattimeM pAyA jAnA avazya hI vicAraNIya hai kyoMki DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene paramAtmaprakAzakI apanI prstaavnaa| usake kartA joindukA samaya IsAkI chaThI zatAbdI nirdhArita kiyA hai aura

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bhRgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 35 yahI samaya ti0 pa0 kA bhI nizcita hotA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki paramAtmaprakAza dohA chandameM hai aura ukta gAthA bhI dohoMke madhyameM sthita hai| kintu isa gAthAkI sthiti para DA0 upAdhyene koI Apatti nahIM kI hai| isakA matalaba hai ki usakI sthitimeM sandehakA AbhAsa kisI prati yA TIkAkArake dvArA prApta nahIM huaa| udhara ti0 pa0 meM ukta gAthAke Age pIchekI jaba prAyaH sabhI gAthAeM granthAntaroMkI RNI haiM taba ukta eka gAthAko hI ti0 pa0 kI mUla gAthA bhI kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha ti0 50 meM itara granthoMse bahuta sI gAthAeM jyoMkI tyoM yA kiMcit pAThabhedake sAtha lI gaI haiN| tiloyapaNNattimeM milAvaTa yaha hama batalA cuke haiM ki ti0 pa0 meM anya granthoMse bahuna sI gAthAe~ lI gaI haiN| usake sAtaveM adhikArameM kucha gadya bhAga bhI aisA pAyA jAtA hai jo dhavalATIkAmeM jyoMkA tyoM vartamAna hai, aura dhavalAmeM tiloyapaNNattikA nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai tathA usa nAmollekhake sAtha dhavalAkA gadya ti0 pa0meM jyoMkA tyoM vartamAna hai| ataH usake sambandhameM to yaha sandeha kiyA hI nahIM jA sakatA ki zAyada vaha gadya ti0 pa0 se dhavalAmeM liyA gayA ho, kyoMki usa gadyake dvArA dhavalAkArane apane vyAkhyAnakA parikamase virodha batalAte hue apane vyAkhyAnako tiloyapaNNatti sUtrakA anusArI batalAyA hai / yathA___ esA tappAuggasaMkhejjarUvAhiya-jaMbUdIvachedaNaya-sahidadIvasamaharUvamettarajjucchedaNaya-pamANa-parikkhAvihI Na aNNAiriya-uvadesa-paraMparANusAriNI, kevalaM tu tiloyapaNNattisuttANusAriNI (ti0 pa0 a-7, pR0 766 tathA-SaTvaM0 pu0 4, pR0 157) / ata yaha asaMdigdha hai ki ukta gadya dhavalAse hI tiloyapaNNattimeM lI gaI hai / isase yaha AbhAsa honA svAbhAvika hai ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti apane mUla rUpameM nahIM hai usameM pIchese milAvaTa kI gaI hai| isa sambandhameM pa0 phUlacandra jI siddhAnta zAtrIne 'vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti aura usake racanAkAla AdikA vicAra' zIrSakase eka lekha jai0 si0 bhAskara bhAga 11, kiraNa ekameM prakAzita karAyA thaa| usameM paNDita jIne likhA hai ki 'isakA (ti0 pa0 kA) sUkSma nirIkSaNa karanese jo anya etihAsika sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai usapara dRSTipAta karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isakA racanAkAla 9vIM zatAbdIke pahalekA kisI bhI hAlatameM nahIM ho sakatA / apane isa matake samarthanameM paNDita jIne jo pAMca hetu upasthita kiye haiM / saMkSepameM ve isa prakAra haiM

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36 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa 1. vIrasena svAmIne jIvaTThANa kSetrAnuyogadvArakI dhavalATIkAmeM pRSTha 12 se lekara lokake AkAra aura parimANakI carcA kI hai| use dekhanese mAlUma par3atA hai ki unake kAla taka upamA lokake pramANase pAMca dravyoMkA AdhArabhUta lokakA pramANa bhinna mAnA jAtA thA / usakI puSTi rAjavArtikase bhI hotI hai / vIrasena svAmIne jisa lokakI siddhi kI hai usase rAjavArtikameM batAye gaye lokameM antara hai / vIrasena svAmIkA batalAyA huA loka adholokake mUlameM sAtarAja to hai para vaha cAroM dizAoMmeM hI sAtarAju hai vidizAoMmeM nahIM, isa liye isakA AkAra caukora hai / rAjavAtikameM batalAyA huA loka bhI adholokake mUlameM sAta rAju hai para vaha ATho dizAoM aura vidizAoMmeM sAtarAju hai ataH isakA AkAra gola huaa| Age vIrasena svAmIkA batalAyA huA loka pUrva aura pazcimameM krama se ghaTakara madhya lokake pAsa eka rAju raha jAtA hai para yaha uttara aura dakSiNa dizAmeM nahIM ghaTatA kintu sarvatra sAta rAju hI rahatA hai| kintu rAjavAtikameM batalAyA haA loka AThoM dizAoM aura vidizAoMmeM ghaTatA huA madhyalokake pAsa sarvatra eka rAju rahatA hai| isI prakAra madhyalokase Urdhva loka taka jAnanA cAhiye / inameMse vIrasena svAmIke dvArA batalAye hue lokakA ghanaphala 343 ghana rAju hai / kintu rAjavAtikameM isa pA~ca dravyoMke AdhAra bhUta lokakA ghanaphala nahIM diyaa| parantu rAjavAtikameM tIsare adhyAyake 38veM sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM jagaNIke ghanako ghanaloka kahA hai / cAlU mAnyatAke anusAra jagazreNIkA pramANa sAtarAju hai ataH ghanalokakA pramANa 343 ghanarAju huaa| rAjavAtikake donoM ullekhoMse yaha bhalIbhAMti samajhameM A jAtA hai ki vIrasena svAmIke samaya taka jainAcArya upamAlokase pA~ca dravyoMke AdhArabhUta lokako bhinna mAnate the| vIrasena svAmIne ukta donoM lokoMkI mAnyatAko nahIM panapane diyA aura upamAlokake pramANa ko mukhya maanaa| ____ Age paMDitajIne una do gAthAoMko uddhRta kiyA hai jo vIrasena svAmIne apane matakI puSTimeM dhavalAmeM uddhRta kI hai| ve donoM gAthAeM tilo0 pa0 kI nahIM hai / sAtha hI vIrasena svAmIne yaha bhI likhA hai ki 'uttara dakSiNa dizAoMkI apekSA lokakA pramANa sarvatra sAta rAja hai yadyapi isakA vidhAna karaNAnuyogake granthoMmeM nahIM hai to bhI vahA~ niSedha bhI nahIM hai|' kintu vIrasena svAmIke dvArA sthApita kiye ukta matakI samarthaka tIna gAthAeM paNDitajIne tiloyapa0 se uddhRta kI hai, aura yaha batalAyA hai ki 1. ta0 vA0, 1 / 2 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 37 yadi ye gAthAe~ tiloyapaNNattimeM pahalese vartamAna hotI to vIrasena svAmI apane matake samarthanameM unheM avazya uddhRta karate / ataH jisa tiloyapaNNattikA vIrasena svAmIne ullekha kiyA hai vaha vartamAna ti0 50 se bhinna honI cAhiye / 2. tilo0 pa0 meM pahale adhikArakI 7vIM gAthAse lekara 87vIM gAthA taka 81 gAthAoMmeM maMgala Adi cha adhikAroMkA varNana hai| yaha pUrA kA pUrA varNana saMta parUvaNAkI dhavalATIkAse milatA huA hai| ye chaha adhikAra tiloyapaNNattimeM anyatrase saMgrahIta kiye gaye haiM isa bAtakA ullekha svayaM ti0 pa0 ke kartAne pahale adhikArakI 85vIM gAthAmeM kiyA hai| tathA dhavalAmeM ina chaha adhikAroMkA varNana karate samaya jitanI gAthAe~ yA zloka uddhRta kiye gaye haiM ve saba anyatrase liye gaye haiM tiloyapa0 se nhiiN| isase mAlUma par3atA hai ki ti0 pa0 ke kartAke sAmane dhavalA avazya thii| __3. laghIyastraya Adi granthoMke kartA bhaTTAkalaMkake tattvArtha bhASyakA ullekha dhavalA TIkAmeM aneka jagaha hai| laghIyastrayake chaThe adhyAyake 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAde' zlokako vIrasena svAmIne dhavalAmeM uddhRta kiyA hai / tiloyapaNNattikArane ise bhI nahIM chor3A / tiloyapaNNattiko dekhanese aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloya0 kArane ise laghIyastrayase na lekara dhavalAse hI liyA hai kyoMki dhavalAmeM isake sAtha jo eka dUsarA zloka uddhRta hai use bhI usI kramase ti0 ke kartAne apanA liyA hai| isase bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki ti0 pa0 kI racanA dhavalAke bAda huI hai| 4. dhavalA dravya pramANAnuyoga dvArake pR0 36 meM tiloyapaNNattikA eka gAthAMza uddhRta kiyA hai| jo isa prakAra hai-'duguNa duguNo duvaggo NirataMro tiriyalogotti / ' vartamAna ti0 pa0 meM yaha nahIM hai| vartamAna tiloyapa0 meM isakA na pAyA jAnA yaha siddha karatA hai ki yaha tiloyapaNNatti usase bhinna hai| 5. pA~cavA pramANa vahI hai jisakI carcA hamane prArambhameM kI hai aura batalAyA hai ki isase vartamAna ti0 pa0 meM milAvaTakI puSTi hotI hai| ina pA~ca pramANoMke AdhAra para paNDita phUlacandrajIne yaha siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNattikA saMgraha dhavalAke anantara huA hai / tathA nemicandrane apane trilokasArakI racanA vartamAna ti0 pa0 ke AdhAra para hI kI thI yaha donoMkI tulanAse spaSTa hai| ataH dhavalAkI racanAke pazcAt aura trilokasArakI racanAse pUrva zaka saM0 738 se lekara 900 ke madhyameM vartamAna tiloyapaNNattikI racanA huI hai /

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38 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa Age paM0 jIne vartamAna ti0 50 ke saMkalanakA kartA vIrasenake ziSya jinasena ko batalAyA hai| paM0 phUlacandrajIkI ukta yuktiyoMkA virodha paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtArane 'tiloyapaNNatti aura yativRSabha' zIrSaka lekhameM kiyA hai| aura sivAya antima bAta ko svIkAra karaneke aura kisI bhI yukti ko mAnya nahIM kiyA hai / tathA kta gadyAMzako bAdameM kisIke dvArA dhavalA Adi parase prakSipta kiyA huA batalAyA hai, aura yaha saMbhAvanA kI hai ki aura bhI kucha gadyAMza aise ho sakate haiM jo dhavalA parasa prakSipta kiye gaye hoN| cunAce jisa gadyAMza ko prArambhameM dhavalA parase ti0 pa0 meM prakSipta huA batalAyA hai, mukhtAra sAhabane usake Adi aura anta bhAgako bhI usameM sammilita karake prakSipta batalAyA hai| kintu yaha prakSepa jAna bUjhakara kisI ke dvArA kiyA gayA nahIM batalAyA hai aura antameM yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki zAstrIjIkA yaha likhanA ki tiloyapaNNattikA saMkalana zaka samvat 738 (vi0 saM0 873) se pahalekA kisI bhI hAlatameM nahIM ho sakatA tathA isake kartA yativRSabha nahIM ho sakate 'unake ati sAhasakA dyotaka hai aura use kisI bhI taraha yuktisaMgata nahIM kahA jA sktaa| pro0 hIrAlAlajIne ti0 pa0 bhA0 2 kI prastAvanAmeM paM0 phUlacandajIkI yuktiyoM aura mukhtAra sAhabake virodhakI samIkSA karate hue isa bAtako to mAnya kiyA hai ki parivardhana aura saMskAra hokara ti0 pa0 kA vartamAna rUpa dhavalAkI racanAke pazcAt kisI samaya utpanna huA hogaa| kintu vartamAna ti0 pa0 ke kartA vIrasenake ziSya jinasena haiM, paM0 jIkI isa kalpanAke sambandhameM samucita sAdhaka bAdhaka pramANoMkI anupalabdhi batalAI hai| ___ zrIyuta premIjI ne bhI 'lokavibhAga aura tiloyapaNNatti' zIrSaka lekhameM milAvaTakI bAtako mAnya kiyA hai| ti0 50 se bhI usakA samarthana hotA hai / ti0pa0 kI eka antima gAthAmeM usakA parimANa ATha hajAra zloka batalAyA hai| kintu vartamAna ti0 50 kA parimANa nau hajAra zloka pramANase bhI adhika hai| isa taraha ti0 pa0 meM prakSipta aMza bhI hai aura vaha apane mUla rUpameM nahIM hai, yaha bAta to sarvamAnya hai| kintu usameM kauna aMza prakSipta hai aura kona 1. yaha lekha varNI abhinandana granthameM prakAzita huA hai| pazcAt purAtana jaina vAkya sUcI aura jaina mAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza nAmaka nibandha saMgrahameM bhI prakAzita huA hai| .

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 39 aMza mUla hai isameM vivAda hai aura jaba taka ti0 pa0 kI koI prAcIna prati upalabdha na ho taba taka usa vivAdakA nivaTArA honA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| aura jaba dhavalAke pazcAt hI milAvaTakI saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai to itanI prAcIna prati milanA bhI asaMbhava hI hai| ataH yatkiJcit upalabdha sAdhanoMke prakAzameM paM0 phUlacandrajIkI taraha ti0 pa0 ke vartamAna rUpakI samIkSAke dvArA kisI niSkarSa para pahuMcanekA prayatna vyartha nahIM hai yaha mAnakara prakRta carcA para thor3A UhApoha kiyA jAtA hai| usase prathama ti0 pa0 kartAke sambandhameM carcA karanA ucita hogA kyoMki prakRta viSayase usakA gaharA sambandha ho sakatA hai| tiloyapaNNattike kartA aura usakA samaya dhavalA aura jayadhavalAse pUrvake kisI grantha abhilekha yA paTTAvalI vagairahameM tiloyapaNNatti aura usake kartAke sambandhakA koI ullekha hamAre dekhanemeM nahIM aayaa| tiloyapaNNatikA sarvaprathama ullekha vIrasena svAmIkI dhavalAmeM hI dRSTigocara hotA hai kyoMki unhoMne usase uddharaNa diye haiN| kintu ti0 pa0 ke sambandhameM ve bhI mUka haiN| vartamAna ti0 50 ke antameM do gAthAe~ pAI jAtI haiM jo isa prakAra haiM paNamaha jiNavaravasahaM gaNaharavasahaM taheva guNavasahaM / daThUNa parisavasahaM jadivasahaM dhammasuttapAThaevasahaM // 76 // cUNNisarUvachakkaraNasarUvapamANa hoi kiM jaM tN| aTThasahassapamANaM tiloyapaNNattiNAmAe // 77 // 'jinavara vRSabhako, guNoMmeM zreSTha gaNadhara vRSabhako tathA parISahoMko sahana karane va dharmasUtrake pAThakoMmeM zreSTha yativRSabhako dekhakara namaskAra kro|' 'cUNisvarUpa tathA SaTkaraNa svarUpakA jitanA pramANa hai, triloka prajJapti nAmaka granthakA bhI pramANa utanA ATha hajAra zloka parimita hai|' ukta donoM gAthAe~ tathA unakA yaha artha mudrita ti0 50 se diyA gayA hai / ina gAthAoMke kucha padoMke sambandhameM jo pAThAntara sujhAye gaye hai unake vivAdameM hama nahIM par3hanA cAhate / pahalI gAthAmeM yativRSabhakA nAma hai aura dUsarI gAthAke prArambhameM cUrNisvarUpakA / dhavalA jayadhavalA tathA indranandike zru tAvatArameM batalAyA hai ki yativRSabhane kasAyapAhuDake gAthA sUtroM para cha hajAra zloka pramANa cUNi sUtroMkI racanA kI thii| ataH ukta do gAthAoMke AdhAra para cUrNisUtroMke racayitA yativRSabha tiloyapaNNattike kartA mAne jAte haiN| cUNisUtroMkI carcA meM yativRSabhake samayake sambandha vistArase prakAza DAlA gayA hai / ataH usakI punarukti na karate hue itanA batalA denA Avazyaka hai ki ukta granthoMke anusAra

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40 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa yativRSabha AryamaMgu aura nAgahastike ziSya the, unhIMse kasAyapAhuDake gAthAsUtroMko par3hakara unhoMne usa para cUNisUtra race the| nandisUtrakI sthavirAvalImeM Arya maMgu aura nAgahastIkA ullekha hai| jayadhavalAmeM likhita ina donoM nAmake AcAryoMke sAtha unakI eka rUpatA para bhI pIche prakAza DAlA gayA hai tathA yaha bhI dikhAyA hai ki paTTAvalIke AdhAra para unakA samaya vikramakI dUsarI zatAbdIke pazcAt nahIM jAtA hai| ataH unake ziSya yativRSabha usI samayake lagabhaga hone cAhiye / kintu tiloyapaNNatimeM bhagavAna mahAbIrake nirvANase lekara eka hajAra varSa taka kI rAjakAla gaNanA dI huI hai| ataH pracalita vIra nirvANa saMvatke anusAra ti0 pa0 kA samaya 1000-470 = 530 vi0 saM0 se pUrva nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ataH yadi yativRSabha ti0 pa0 ke kartA haiM to ve AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastike ziSya nahIM ho sakate aura yadi ve unake ziSya haiM to ve ti0 pa0ke kartA nahIM ho skte| kyoMki vikrama samvat kI 5-6vIM zatAbdImeM AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastI nAmake kinhIM AcAryoMke honekA koI saMketa taka nahIM miltaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vIrasena svAmIne jayadhavalA meM cUNisUtroMko eka nahIM aneka jagaha yativRSabha nirmita likhA hai| kintu tiloyapaNNatikA dhavalAmeM ullekha karate hue bhI kahIM isa bAtakA AbhAsa taka nahIM diyA ki tiloyapaNNatti yativRSabha kRta hai| tIsare, jisa 'paNamaha jiNavara vasaha' Adi gAthAke AdhArapara tiloyapaNNattiko yativRSabha kRta mAnA jAtA hai vaha gAthA jayadhavalAke samyaktva anuyogadvArake AdimeM maMgalarUpase vartamAna hai aura usameM jo pATha hai vaha bilkula zuddha aura mUla pratIta hotA hai paNamaha jiNavaravasahaM gaNaharavasahaM taheva guNaharavasahaM / dusahaparIsahavisahaM jaivasahaM dhammasuttapATharavasahaM / ' 'jinavara vRSabhako, gaNadhara vRSabhako aura zreSTha guNadharAcAryako tathA duHsaha parISahako sahanevAle aura dharmasUtrake pAThakoMmeM zreSTha yativRSabhako namaskAra kro|' isameM 'guNavasahaM' kI jagaha 'guNaharavasaha' pATha tathA 'daLUNa' kI jagaha dusaha pATha bilkula upayukta hai| guNadhara kasAyapAhuDake racayitA haiM / yadi yaha gAthA yativRSabha racita hai to unake dvArA guNadharAcAryako namaskAra kiyA jAnA ucita hI hai aura yadi jayadhavalAkArake dvArA racita hai to unake dvArA guNadharAcArya aura yativRSabhAcAryako namaskAra kiyA jAnA aura bhI adhika upayukta hai kyoMki ina donoMke dvArA racita granthoM para hI jayadhavalA TIkA racI gaI hai|

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bhUgola - khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 41 isake sivAya zivArya' racita bhagavatI ArAdhanA gA0 2075 meM eka gaNIke parISaha sahana karane pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karanekA nirdeza hai| TIkAkAra aparajitasUrine gaNikA artha yativRSabhAcArya kiyA hai aura hariSeNa vRhatkathAkozakI 156vIM kathAmeM tathA nemidattake ArAdhanA kathAkozakI 81vIM kathAmeM isakA vivaraNa bhI yativRSabhake sambandhameM milatA hai / usakI saMgati gAthAke 'dusaha - parIsahavisaha' padake sAtha mila jAtI hai / yadi zivAyake dvArA nirdiSTa gaNI yativRSabha hI haiM to yativRSabhakA samaya vikramakI chaThIM zatAbdI nahIM ho sakatA / ukta bAtoMke prakAzameM tiloyapaNNattikA yativRSabha racita honA bhI saMdigdha hI pratIta hotA hai / isake sivAya yativRSabhakRta cUrNisUtroMke sAtha ti0pa0 kI tulanA bhI isI niSkarSa para pahu~canA par3atA hai / 1. cUrNisUtroMke prArambhameM pAMca upakramoMkA nirdeza hai - AnupUrvI, nAma, pramANa vaktavyatA aura arthAdhikAra / kintu ti0 pa0 ke prArambhameM kahA gayA hai ki maMgala, kAraNa, hetu, pramANa, nAma, aura kartAkA kathana pahale karanA cAhie yaha AcAryoMkI paribhASA hai / 2. cUrNisUtroMmeM nikSepapUrvaka nayayojanAkI prAcIna paripATIkA kriyAtmaka rUpase pAlana kiyA gayA hai / kintu ti0 pa0 a0 1, gA0 82 ke dvArA kevala yaha kaha bhara diyA hai ki jo naya pramANa aura nikSepase arthakA nirIkSaNa nahIM karatA use ayukta padArtha yuktakI taraha aura yukta padArtha ayuktakI taraha pratIta hotA hai / kintu usakA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA / 3. cUrNisUtroMmeM kevala karmapravAda aura karmaprakRtikA nirdeza hai ! karmapravAda AThaveM pUrvakA nAma hai aura karmaprakRti dUsare pUrvake paMcamavastu adhikArake cauthe prAbhRtakA nAma hai / isI prAbhRtase SaTkhaNDAgamakI utpatti huI hai / ina do Agamika granthoMke sivAya anya kisI grantha yA AcAryakA nAma cUrNisUtroMmeM nahI pAyA jAtA / aura yaha bAta cUrNisUtroMkI prAcInatAko hI siddha karatI hai / udhara ti0 pa0 meM lokAnuyoga viSayaka aneka granthoMke ullekhoMke atirikta anya granthoMse mUla granthameM sammilita kI gaI gAthAoMkI bharamAra hai / yaha zailI cUrNisUtrakAra yativRSabhatrI zailIse koI mela nahIM khAtI / cUrNisUtroMmeM maMgalakA nAma taka nahIM hai aura ti0 pa0 ke prArambhameM paMcaparameSThIkA stavana karate hue bhI prathama adhikArake antameM RSabhadevako namaskAra kiyA gayA hai aura Age pratyeka adhikArake Adi aura antameM kramase eka-eka 1. jai0 sA0 30, pR0 20-21 /

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42 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa tIrthaGkarako namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha nauveM adhikArake prArambha paryanta 16 tIrthaGkaroMko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai aura zeSa ATha tIrthaGkaroMko nauveM adhikArake antameM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha krama bhI bar3A vicitra pratIta hotA hai| isa taraha cUNisUtroMke sAtha tulanAkI dRSTise bhI vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti yativRSabhakRta pratIta nahIM hotii| kintu vartamAna ti0 pa0meM bhI jo prAcInatAke cinha vartamAna haiM unase itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki mUla ti050 avazya hI prAcIna honI cAhie aura usake kartA yativRSabha jaise prAcIna AcArya hI hone caahie| kintu usakA mUlarUpa kyA thA yaha kaha sakanA zakya nahIM hai; kyoMki jaisA paM0 phUlacandajIne apane lekhameM balatAyA hai ki lokako sarvatra uttara dakSiNa sAtarAju mAnanekI sthApanA vIrasena svAmIne kI hai aura vartamAna ti0 pa0 meM vIrasena svAmIke matanAnusAra hI kathana milatA hai| yadi vIrasena svAmIke sAmane vartamAna ti0 pa0 kA ukta kathana hotA to vaha Ayata caturasrAkAra lokakI sthApanAkA zreya svayaM kyoM lete aura kyoM dhavalAmeM itane vistArase usakA kathana karate / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki usa samaya ti0 pa0 meM usa prakArakA kathana nahIM thaa| jahA~ isa tarahakI milAvaTakI bAta pramANita hotI hai| vahA~ yaha kaise nirNaya karanA sambhava hai ki ti0pa0kA mUlarUpa amuka thA / phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki vIrasena svAmIke sAmane ti0pa0 thI, kyoMki unhoMne usakA ullekha kiyA hai / aura usameM kucha milAvaTa karanekA kArya athavA purAnI ti0pa0ke hote hue naI ti0pa0kI racanA karanekA kAma vIrasena yA unake ziSya jinasena jaise prAmANika AcArya nahIM kara skte| ataH paM0 jIkA yaha kathana ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNattikI racanA vIrasenake ziSya jinasena kI hai, ThIka nahIM hai aura isalie unhoMne jo usakA samaya nirdhArita kiyA hai vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| ____ harivaMza purANakI racanA zaka saM0 705meM huI hai aura harivaMza purANake sarga cauthA, pAcavA~, chaThA, sAtavAM tathA sarga 60 kA milAna tiloyapaNNattise karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki harivaMza purANakI racanA karate samaya usake kartAke sAmane ti050 avazya thii| usake ukta adhyAyoMke adhikAMza varNana ti0pa0ke anuvAda rUpa haiN.| hA~, kahIM-kahIM unameM kucha vizeSatA bhI hai aura matabheda bhI pratIta hotA hai| yahA~ donoMkA thor3A-sA tulanAtmaka paricaya de denA anucita na hogaa|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 43 harivaMza purANake caturtha sarga meM 22 zlokoM taka to loka sAmAnyakA varNana hai, pazcAt adholokakA varNana hai / harivaMza purANake kartAke sAmane akalaMka devakA tattvArthavArtika' bhI thA aura unhoMne loka sAmAnyakA varNana usIke anusAra prArambha kiyA hai| tabA0meM madhyalokako jhallarIke AkAra batalAyA hai, ti0pa0meM aisA nahIM btlaayaa| lekina harivaMza purANameM bhI jhallarIke AkAra madhyaloka batalAyA hai / sAtha hI ti0pa0ko bhI apanAyA gayA hai / yathA 'addha murajjassudao samaggamurajodaya sariccho ||150||'-ti0p0 1 / x murajArdhamadhomAge tasyoddhe murajo yathA / / AkArastasya lokasya kintveSaH caturakhakaH // 7 // ha0pra0sa0 4 / harivaMza purANake kartAne ti0pa0 kI taraha adholokako ardhamRdaMgake AkAra aura Urdhvalokako pUrNa mRdaMgake AkAra batalAyA hai| sAtha hI 'kintveSaH caturasrakaH' likhakara yaha bhI vyakta kara diyA hai ki loka mRdaMgakI taraha gola nahIM hai, kintu caukora hai| aura Ayatacaturasra lokake saMsthApaka vIrasena svAmI haiM / unhIMkA anusaraNa ha0 pu0 ke kartAne kiyA hai|| ha. pu0 ke kartAne pUrva pazcima vistArakA to kathana kiyA hai kintu dakSiNa uttara vistArakA kathana nahIM kiyaa| jaba ki ti0 50 1-149 gAthAmeM dakSiNa uttara meM sAtarAju pramANa AyAma batalAyA hai| isase bhI isa bAtakI puSTi hotI hai ki yaha bAta usa samaya ti0 50 meM nahIM thii| anyathA 149 gAthAke pazcAtkI gAthAoMke anusAra lokake nApakA kathana karate hue bhI hari0 pu0 ke kartA jinasena usIko kyoM chor3a dete| harivaMza purANameM eka aura vizeSa kathana hai| yadyapi ta0 vA0 (pR0 224) meM lokapuruSasya grIvAsthAnIyatvAta grIvAH likhakara lokako puruSAkAra batalAyA hai kintu hari02 pura0 meM usakI rUparekhAko bilkula spaSTa kara diyA hai / ti0 pa0 meM yaha kathana nahIM hai| 1. 'dharmAdharma-pudgala-kAla-jIvA yatra lokyante sa loka iti vA |'-tvaa0, pR0 456 / 'kAlaH paJcAstikAyAzca saprapaJcA ihAkhilAH / lokyante yena tenAyaM loka ityabhilapyate ||5||'-h0pu0, 4 sarga / 'UrdhvamadhastiryaGmRdaGgavetrAsanajhallAkRtiH'-ta0vA0, pR0 76 / vetrAsanamRdaMgorujhallarI sadRzAkRtiH / adhazcodhvaM ca tiryaka ca yathAyogamiti tridhA ||6||-h0pu0, 4 sa0 / 2 'adholokorujaMghAdistiryaglokakaTItaTaH / brahmabottaroraskomAhendrAntastu madhyabhAg // 29 //

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44 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa ___ ti0 50 ke loka sAmAnyAdhikArameM gaNitakI pradhAnatA hai / vividha prakArase loka aura vAtavalayoMkA kSetraphala batalAyA gayA hai| yaha saba kathana ha. pu0 meM nahIM hai| kintu ti0 50 ke prathama aura dvitIya adhikArameM jisa prakAra lokakA pUraba-pazcima vistAra, vAtavalayoMkA bAhulya, nArakaviloMke nAma, saMkhyA, vistAra, nArakiyoMkI Ayu, utsedha, avadhi jJAnakA viSaya, utpattikA viraha kAla, narakoMmeM utpanna hone vAle jIva, narakoMse nikalane vAle jIvoMkI dazA AdikA varNana kiyA gayA hai vaisA hI varNana ha0 pu0 meM hai / pUre adhikArakI gA0 108 se 156 taka ha0 pu0 meM (4 sarga) zlo0 170 se 217 taka yathAkrama anudita milatI hai| usase yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki mudrita ha. pu0 meM yatra tatra kucha zloka chUTe hue haiN| yathA zlo0 206-207ke bIcameM eka zloka chUTA hai jo ti0 pa0 ke 2-145 gAthAke arthako liye hue hai| hA~, kahIM kahIM kathanakI zailImeM antara hai / jaise ti0 pa0 meM ( 2-286 ) batalAyA hai ki uparyukta sAta pRthiviyoMmeM kramase asaMjJI Adi jIva utkRSTa rUpase ATha, sAta, chaha, pAMca, cAra, tIna aura do bAra hI utpanna hote haiN| hari0 pu0 ( 4-376-377) meM isIko isa prakAra kahA hai-sAtavIMse nikalA huA jIva usImeM eka bAra, chaThIse nikalA huA punaH chaThImeM do bAra, pAMcavIMse nikalA huA punaH pA~cavImeM tIna bAra, cauthIse nikalA huA punaH cauthImeM cAra bAra, tIsarIse nikalA huA punaH tIsarImeM pAMca bAra, dUsarIse nikalA huA punaH dUsarImeM chai bAra aura pahalIse nikalA huA asaMjJI pahalI pRthvImeM punaH sAta bAra janma le sakatA hai / donoM kathanoMmeM koI antara nahIM hai kevala zailI bheda hai| __ hAM, ti0 pa0 ( 2-292 ) meM jo yaha batalAyA hai ki sAtavIM pRthivIse nikalakara tiryaJcoMmeM utpanna hue koI koI samyaktvako bhI prApta kara sakate haiM, ha0 pu0 meM yaha kathana nahIM hai| ta0 vArtikameM bhI nahIM hai / (SaTkhaM0 pu0 6, 9, AraNAcyuta suskandho dviparyantamahAbhujaH / navagreveyaka grIvo'nudizoddhanudrayaH // 30 // paMcAnuttarasadvaktraH siddhakSetralalATabhRt / siddhajIvazritAkAza dezavistIrNamastakaH // 31 // svodarasthita-niHzeSa-puruSAdi-padArthakaH / aporuSeya evaiSa sallokapuruSaH sthitaH // 32 // ' hadeg pu0, 4 sa0 / 1. ti0 pa0 bhA0 2 kI bhUmikAmeM pR0 53 para isa kathanako jo matabhedoMmeM ginAyA hai vaha ThIka hI hai|

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 45 pR0 203-206 ) meM usakA spaSTa niSedha hai| hA~, zve0 prajJApanA (20, 10) meM vaisA kathana milatA hai| isa milAnake AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ha0 pu0 ke kartAke sAmane ti0 pa0 kA dUsarA adhikAra sambhavatayA isI rUpa meM vartamAna thaa| hari0 pu0 ke pAMcaveM sargameM madhya lokakA varNana hai| yaha ti0 pa0 ke caturtha adhikArakA RNI hai| isa adhikArake kucha viSaya hari0 pu0 ke 60veM sargameM bhI pAye jAte haiN| ve haiM zalAkA puruSoM kA varNana, rudra aura nAradoMkA varNana, zaka rAjAkA samaya, mahAvIra nirvANake pazcAt eka hajAra varSa meM bharatameM hue rAjavaMzoMkA varNana, kalkikA varNana Adi / harivaMzameM tIrthaMkaroMke pUrva janma ke nagarAdikA bhI kathana hai yaha kathana ti0 pa0 meM nahIM hai| bAkI tIrthaMkaroM ke janma, tithi, mAtA pitA, janma, nakSatra, caityavRkSa aura nirvANa bhUmikA kathana ti0 50 kI taraha hI hai| kvacit janma tithiyoMmeM bheda bhI pAyA jAtA hai| vIra nirvANake pazcAt jo eka hajAra varSoM meM bhAratameM hue rAjavaMzoMko ginAyA hai vaha to bilkula ti0 pa0 kI gAthAoMkA hI anuvAda hai jakkAle vIra jiNo Nisseyasa-saMpayaM smaavnnnno| takkAle abhisitto pAlayaNAmo avaMtisudo // 1505 // pAlakarajjaM saTThi igisaya paNavaNNavijayavaMsabhavA / cAlu murudayavaMsA tIsaM vassA supussamittammi // 1506 // vasumitta aggimittA saTThI gaMdhavvayA vi sayamekkaM / NaravAhaNA ya cAlaM tatto bhatthaTThaNA jAdA // 1507 // bhatthaTThaNANa kAlo doNi sayAI havaMti vAdAlA / tatto guttA tANaM rajje doNNi ya mayANi igatIsA / / 1508 // tatto cakkI jAdo iMdasudo tassa caummuho nnaamo| sattari varisA AU viguNiyaigivIsa rajjaMto // 1509 // -ti0 pa0 a-4 x x vIra nirvANakAle ca pAlakotrAbhiSicyate / loke'vaMtisuto rAjA prajAnAM pratipAlakaH // 487 // SaSThivarSANi tadrAjyaM tato viSa(ja)yabhUbhujAM / zataM ca paMca paJcAzadvarSANi tadudIritam // 488 // catvAriMzat puruDhA ( muruNDA- ) nAM bhUmaNDalamakhaNDitam / triMzattu puSyamitrANAM SaSThirvasvagnimitrayoH // 489 //

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46 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa zataM rAsabharAjAnAM naravAhanamapyataH / catvAriMzattato dvAbhyAM catvAriMzacchatadvayaM // 490 // bhadra (i)vANasya tadrAjyaM guptAnAM ca zatadvayam / ekaviMzazca' (?) varSANi kAlavidbhirudAhRtam // 491 // dvicatvArizadevAtaH kalkirAjyasya rAjatA / tato'jitaMjayo rAjA syAdindrapurasaMsthitaH // 492||-h0 pu, sa060 zrIyuta premIjIne apane eka lekhameM harivaMza purANake jo ukta zloka uddhRta kiye haiM, unameM 'viSayabhubhujAM' ke sthAnameM 'vijayabhubhujAM', 'purUr3hAnAM' ke sthAnameM 'muruNDAnAM' aura 'bhadravANasya' ke sthAna 'bhaTTavANasya' pATha haiN| ye pATha ti0 pa0 ke vizeSa anukUla hai| 'gaMdhavapA' kA jo 'rAsabharAjA' anuvAda kiyA gayA hai vaha bhI ThIka hai| bhaviSya purANameM vikramako gandharvasenakA putra likhA hai| gardabhI vidyA jAnaneke kAraNa vaha gardabhilla nAmase khyAta huaa| gardabhakA paryAyavAcI zabda 'rAsabha' denA ucita hI hai / ataH ha0 pu0 kI ukta kAla gaNanA bhI ti0 kI hI RNI hai|| ti0 pa0 meM mahAvIra nirvANake pazcAt hue zaka rAjAke kAlake viSayameM aneka mata diye haiN| ha. pu0 ke kartAne ti pa0 meM diye gaye matabhedoMko apane granthameM kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM diyA hai| jo mata unheM paramparAse sammata pratIta huA vahI grahaNa kiyA hai zeSako chor3a diyA hai| zaka rAjAke viSayameM bhI sarvamAnya matakA hI ullekha kiyA hai| vIra nirvANase 605 varSa 5 mAsa bAda zaka rAjA huA, yahI mata dhavalAmeM aura trilokasArameM mAnya kiyA gayA hai| ha. pu0 ke kartAne bhI use hI mAnya kiyA hai| ti0 pa0 meM likhA hai NivvANe vIrajiNe chanvAsasadesu paMcavarimesu / paNamAsesu gadesu saMjAdo sagaNio ahavA ||1499|-a0 4 / aura hari0 pu0 meM ise yo diyA hai varSANAM SaTzatI tyaktvA paJcAgraM mAsapaJcakam / mukti gate mahAvIre zakarAjastato'bhavat ||551||-s0 60 / yaha zloka ukta gAthAkA bilkula anuvAda jaisA lagatA hai / isI taraha ti0 50 a0 4 meM gA0 278 se kAlakA varNana hai / ha0 pu0 ke 1. 'ekatrizazca' honA cAhiye /

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bhRgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 47 sAtaveM sargameM yaha pUrA varNana anuvAda rUpase vartamAna hai| donoMke prArambhakA kucha bhAga yahA~ diyA jAtA hai- .. 'pAsa-rasagaMdha-vaNNavvadirito agurulahugasaMjuto / vattaNalakkhaNa kaliyaM kAlasarUvaM imaM hodi // 278 // kAlassa do viyappA mukkhAmukkhA havaMti edesu / ' varNa-gaMdharasa-sparza-mukto'gauravalAghavaH / vartanAlakSaNaM kAlo mukhyo gauNazca sa dvidhA // 1 // x jIvANa puggalANa havaMti pariyaTTaNAi vivihAI / edANAM pajjAyA vaTTa te mukkhakAla AdhAre // 280 / / jIvAnAM pudgalAnAM ca privRttirnekdhaa| gauNakAlapravRttizca mukhyakAlanibaMdhanA // 4 // savvANa payatthANaM NiyamA prinnaamphudivittiio| bahiraMtaraMgaheduhi savvanbhedesu vaTTa ti / / 281 // sarveSAmeva bhAvAnAM pariNAmAdivRttayaH / svAMtarbahinimittebhyaH pravartante samantataH // 5 // X bAhirahedU kahido NicchayakAlo tti savadarisihiM / abbhaMtaraM NimittaM Niya Niya davvesu cedi / / 282 / / nimittamAntaraM tatra yogyatA vastuni sthitA / bahinizcayakAlastu nizcitastattvadarzibhiH // 6 // x kAlasya bhiNNabhiNNA aNNuNNapavesaNeNa parihINA / puha puha loyAyAse ceTuMte saMcaeNa viNA / / 283 // anyAnupravezena binA kAlANavaH pRthak / lokAkAzamazeSaM tu vyApya tiSThanti saMcitAH // 7 // ukta gAthAoMke nIce diye zloka vilkula anuvAda rUpa hai / tiloyapaNNattikI harivaMza purANake sAtha tulanA karanese yaha spaSTa hai ki harivaMza purANakArake sAmane jo ti* 50 thI vaha AjakI ti0 pa0 se ekadama bhinna nahIM thI, balki bahuta kucha vartamAna rUpameM hI thI / usameM jo aisI gAthAe~ pAI jAtI haiM jo paJcAstikAya vagairahakI haiM, ve thor3e bahuta rUpameM usa samaya

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48 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa bhI usameM thiiN| kyoMki ti0 50 ke prathama adhikArameM jo paramANu ke svarUpako batalAne vAlI gAthAe~ paJcAstikAyakI haiM unakA anuvAda bhI hadeg pu0 meM vartamAna hai yathA ekkarasa vaNNagaMdhaM do pAsA saddakAraNamasaiM / khaMdaMtaridaM davvaM taM paramANu bhaNaMti budhA // 97 // aMtAdimajjhahINaM apadesaM iMdiehi Na hu gejjhaM / jaM davvaM avibhattaM taM paramANu kahati jiNAH // 98 // ti0 50 1 / Adi madhyAntanirmuktaM nivibhAgamatIndriyam / mUrtamapyapradezaM ca paramANu pracakSate // 32 // ekadakaM rasaM varNa gaMdhaMsparzAvabAdhako / dadhan sa vartate'bhedyaH zabdaheturazabdakaH // 33 // ha0 pu0 7 sa0 / isIse harivaMza purANake kartAne harivaMza purANake sarga 5 aura 6veM antameM 'prajJapti' nAmase tiloyapaNNattikA hI ullekha kiyA pratIta hotA hai| yathA prajJaptiH zreNika jJAtA dvIpasAgaragocarA / prajJapti zruNu saMkSepAjyotirlokordhvalokayoH // 734 // -ha0 pu0 s06| tathA chaThe sargake antameM kahA hai 'jyotirlokaH prakaTapaTalasvargamokSolalokaH / prajJapyuktaM naravara mayA saMgrahAt kSetramevam / ' -ha. pu0 sa0 6, 139 / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki hadeg pu0 ke kartAke sAmane ti0 pa0 vartamAna thii| aura vaha prAyaH usI rUpameM vartamAna thI, jisa rUpameM Aja hai| ha0 pu0 meM vIrasena svAmIko bhI smaraNa kiyA gayA hai jo usa dhavalATIkAke kartA haiM jisameM unhoMne lokako caturasra sthApita kiyA hai / aura tadanusAra harivaMza purANameM bhI lokako caturasra mAnA hai| vIrasena svAmIne bhI dhavalAmeM ti0 10 kA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH tiloyapaNNatti vIrasena tathA unake laghu samakAlIna harivaMza purANakArake samayameM vartamAna thii| pazcAt usameM kisIne milAvaTa avazya kI hai| kintu ukta gAthAoMke nIce diye gaye zloka bilkula anuvAda rUpa hai| Age bhI yahI sthiti hai| ti0 pa0 (4 / 306) meM caurAsI lAkhase guNita mahAlatA pramANako 'sirikapya' kahA hai| isakA hindI anuvAda zrIkalpa kiyA gayA hai| kintu

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 49 ha0 pu0 (7 / 30) meM 'ziraH prakampita' diyA hai| ti0 50 meM sirikappaM' ke pAdaTippaNameM 'sirikaMpe' aura 'sirakaMpa' ye do pAThAntara diye haiN| jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki purANakArake sanmukha ti0 pa0 kI jo prati thI usameM 'sirakaMpa' pATha thA usIkA anuvAda 'ziraH prakampita' diyA gayA hai| ti0pa0 ke prathama adhikArameM aMgula, palya vagairahakA varNana hai aura cauthemeM kAla gaNanAkA kathana hai| ha0 pu0 meM ina donoM kathanoMko sAtaveM sargameM Age pIche diyA hai| ha0 pu0 meM kevala saMkhyAta kAlakA hI varNana hai| ti0 pa0 a0 4 meM bhI saMkhyAta takakA kathana to gAthAbaddha hai / AgekA kathana gadyameM hai| yaha kathana hari0 pu0 meM nahIM hai / ataH gadya bhAga usa samaya bhI ti0 pa0 meM thA yA usake pIche use milAyA gayA yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha gadya bhAga tattvArtha vArtikake varNanase milatA hai / ti0 pa0 ke prathama adhikArameM mAnakA kathana paramANuse prArambha kiyA hai| usameM paramANukA svarUpa batalAne varalI (95-101) cha gAthAe~ haiM jo paJcAstikAya AdimeM bhI haiN| unameMse kevala tIna gAthAoMkA anuvAda ha0 pu0 meM hai| ___ isase yaha bhI pramANita hotA hai ki ti0pa0 meM jo anya granthoMkI gAthAe~ pAI jAtI haiM ve usameM pahalese hI haiM, pIchese sammilita nahIM kI gaI haiN| ha. pu0 ke chaThe sargameM jyotiloka ora svargaloka tathA siddhalokakA saMkSipta kathana hai| yaha kathana bhI ti0 pa0 ke antima tInoM jyotirlokAdhikAra, kalpavAsI lokAdhikAra aura siddhalokAdhikArakA RNI hai| hari0 pu0 ke kartAne ti0 pa0 ke ina tInoM adhikAroMkI katipaya bAtoMko chaThe sargameM ekatra kara diyA hai| kintu jyotirlokakA varNana kevala 33 zlokoMmeM kiyA hai| usameM jyotiSI devoMkI pRthvIse Upara AkAzameM avasthiti, unakI Ayu, unake vimAnoMkA parimANa, varNa aura bhramaNa, tathA dvIpa samudroM para unakI avasthiti mAtrakA kathana kiyA hai| jahA~ yaha kathana tiloyapaNNattise milatA hai vahA~ usameM kucha antara bhI hai aura aisA pratIta hotA hai ki granthakArane zAyada tattvArthavArtika (4-12) kA bhI kucha anusaraNa kiyA hai| ti0 pa0 aura tattvArthavArtikameM AkAzameM grahoMke antarAlakI avasthitiko lekara antara hai| yaha kathana to ha0 pu. meM ti0 50 ke hI anusAra hai kintu rAhuke vimAnakA bAhulya 250 dhanuSa tattvArthavAtikake anusAra hai| ti0 pa0 (7-103) meM yaha bAhulya lokavinizcaya kartAke matAnusAra matAntara rUpase diyA hai / isake sivAya ha. pu0 meM

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50 : janasAhityakA itihAsa bAhya puSkarArdhameM bhI 72 candra mUrya batalAye haiM / tattvArtha vArtikameM bhI aisA hI kathana hai| kintu ti0 50 meM puSkarAdha dvIpake prathama valayameM 144 candra sUrya batalAye haiM / yaha kathana vahA~ gadyameM hai / isI taraha vaimAnika devoMke varNanameM ti0 50 meM Rtu nAmaka vimAnakI cAroM dizAoMmeM 62-62 zreNIvaddha batalAye haiM aura matAntarase 63-63 batalAye haiM / ha0 pu0 meM 63-63 hI batalAye haiM aura tattvArthavAtikameM 62-62 hI batalAye haiN| kintu pratyeka kalpake vimAnoMkI saMkhyAme koI antara nahIM hai| vaimAnika devoMke varNanameM ha0 pu0 meM saudharmAdi svargoM meM vimAnoMkI saMkhyA, unakA parimANa, devoMmeM utpanna hone vAle jIva, lezyA, avadhikA viSaya, aura devoMke utpatti sthAnoMkA kathana kiyA gayA hai prAyaH saba kathana ti0 pa0 meM haiN| __isa taraha ha0 pa0 ke sAtha ti0 pa0 kI tulanA karanese yaha spaSTa hai ki ha. pu0 ke kartAke sAmane ti0 pa0 thI aura unhoMne chaThe sargake antameM prajJapti nAmase usakA nirdeza bhI kiyA hai yathA-'jyotirlokaH prakaTa paTala svargamokSovalokaH, prajJaptyuktaM naravara mayA saMgrahAt kSetramevaM' / unake pazcAt usameM mela kiyA gayA hai| usameM jo gadya bhAga pAyA jAtA hai usakI sthiti bhI saMdigdha pratIta hotI hai| Age akalaMka devake tatvArthavAtikase bhI prakRta viSaya para prakAza DAlanekA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| tiloyapaNNatti aura tattvArthavAtika tattvArthasUtrake tIsare aura cauthe adhyAyameM jIvoMke nivAsasthAnake rUpameM adholoka, madhyaloka, aura UrdhvalokakA sUtrAtmaka varNana hai| akalaMkadevane usake AdhAra para apane tatvArthavAtikameM tInoM lokoMkA kucha vistArase kathana kiyA hai / jisakA tulanAtmaka vivaraNa isa prakAra hai tattvArthavArtika ( 1-20)me lokako 'supratiSThaka saMsthAna' batalAyA hai tathA Urdhvalokako mRdaMgAkAra, adholokako vetrAsanake AkAra aura madhyalokako jhallarIke AkAra batalAyA haiN| tathA Age nIcese Upara taka lokakA vistAra hAni vRddhike sAtha diyA hai| ti0pa0ke prathama adhikArameM na to lokako 'supratiSThaka saMsthAna kahA hai aura na madhyalokako jhallarIke AkAra batalAyA hai| hA~, lokakA vistAra hAni vRddhike sAtha jo diyA hai vaha tattvArthavArtikase mela khAtA hai| kiMtu tavA meM lokako prataravRtta aura caturdazarajju AyAma mAtra batalAyA haiN| uttara-dakSiNa vistAra usameM nahIM batalAyA jaisA ki ti0pa0meM batalAyA hai

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 51 hai| ti0pa0 ( 2-25 )meM spaSTa likhA hai ki adholoka pUrva-pazcima dizAmeM vetrAsanake AkAra hai aura uttara-dakSiNa lambA hai| tattvArthavArtikameM kevala vetrAsanakAra adholoka batalAyA hai digbhAgakA ullekha vahA~ nahIM hai| adholokake varNanameM sAtoM pRthiviyoMkA bAhulya ti0pa0 ( 2-22 )ke anukala hai| gAthA 23meM jo anya mata diyA hai vaha digambara sAhityameM anyatra nahIM miltaa| viloMkI saMkhyA, pramANa vagairaha bhI tulya hai| kintu ti0pa0 (2-29 )meM pAMcavIM pRthivIke tIna baTe cAra bileM uSNa aura caturthAza bileM zIta batalAye haiM jabaki ta0vA0 (pR0 164 ) meM do bhAga bileM uSNa, eka bhAga zIta batalAye haiN| isI taraha narakoMkA bAhulya batalAneke lie tattvA0vA0 ( pR0 163 )meM do gAthAoMkI saMskRta chAyA dI hai| ve gAthAeM kisa grantha kI haiM yaha jJAta nahIM ho sakA / narakoMmeM sthiti to ti0pa0ke anukUla hI batalAI haiM / kintu zarkarA prabhA Adi pRthiviyoMke pratyeka paTalameM AyukA pramANa lAneke lie jisa karaNa sUtrakI saMskRta chAyA dI hai vaha ti0pa0se bhinna haiN| usakI mUla gAthA vRhatsaMgrahaNImeM saMgRhIta hai / kauna jIva kisa naraka taka utpanna hotA hai yaha kathana donoMmeM samAna haiM / kintu narakase nikalakara manuSya tiryaJcoMmeM utpanna hone vAle jIvoMkI abhyunnatikA jo kathana hai usameM sAtaveM narakase nikalane vAloMke samvandhameM antara hai| ti0pa0ke anusAra aise jIva samyagdRSTi ho sakate haiM aura tattvArthavArtikameM usakA spaSTa niSedha hai / / madhyalokake varNanameM ta0vA meM jambUdvIpakA varNana vistArase kiyA hai / ti0pa0meM jambUdvIpameM vedikAkA varNana bahuta vistRta hai, ta0vA meM bahuta saMkSipta hai / jo hai vaha ti0pa0ke anukUla hai| vijayAdha parvatakA varNana bhI prAyaH samAna hai| ta0vA meM (pR0 173-181 ) videha kSetrakA varNana bahuta vistArase kiyA gayA hai| usImeM meru parvatakA bhI vistRta varNana hai / yaha varNana jahA~ ti0pa0se milatA hai vahA~ kucha antarako bhI liye hue hai| sumeru parvatake Upara pANDuka vanameM sthita pANDuka Adi zilAoMkA jo vistAra 'ta0vA0meM batalAyA hai, ti0 pa0 (4|gaa0 1821) ke anusAra vaha sagAyaNI AcAryakA mata hai| isI 1. 'tAH etAzcatasro'pi paJcayojanazatAyAmatadardha viSkambhAzcaturyojana bAhulyAH' -ta0vA0 pR0 180 caujoyaNa ucchehaM paNasayadIhaM tadaddhavistAraM / saggAyaNi AiriyA evaM bhAsaMti paMDusilaM ||1821||-ti pa0 4 /

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52 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa taraha ta0va0meM merustha jinAlayoMmeM sthita devacchandakA jo vistAra batalAyA hai ti0 10 (4 / 1866) ke anusAra vaha lokavinizcayake kartAkA mata hai| ta0vA0meM nandanAdivanoM meM prAsAdoMkA jo vistAra aura U~cAI batalAI hai ti0 pa0 (4-1975) ke anusAra vaha bhI lokavinizcayake kartAkA mata hai| tavA meM balabhadra nAmaka kUTa nandanavanameM batalAyA hai saumanasameM nahIM batalAyA / kintu ti0pa0meM donoM vanoMmeM batalAyA hai| ta0vA meM balabhadrakUTa kI UMcAI eka hajAra yojana, mUlameM vistAra eka hajAra yojana, aura agra vistAra pAMca sau yojana hai / ti0pa0 (4 / 1982) ke anusAra yaha bhI loka vinizcayakA mata hai| kintu ta0vA meM vakSAra parvatoMkI U~cAI nIla niSadha parvatake samIpameM cAra sau yojana aura kramase bar3hate bar3hate meruke pAsameM pAMca sau yojana batalAI hai| ti0 pa0 (4-2018-19) meM bilkula itanI hI batalAI hai aura lokavinizcayameM niSadha nIlake samIpa 250, meruke pAsameM 500 yojana batalAI hai| yaha kathana ta0vA0kA lokavinizcayase nahIM milatA, ti0 50 se milatA hai / ta0vA0 (pR0 175) meM sau kAcanAdri batalAye haiM / ti0 pa0 (4 / 211617) meM ise kucha AcAryoMkA mata kahA hai| lavaNa samudrakA varNana yoM to donoMmeM samAna hai kintu kaI bAtoMmeM antara hai| ta0vA meM (pR0 193) 1008 pAtAloMke antarAlameM aura bhI pAtAla batalAye haiM / aura kula pAtAla 7880 batalAye haiN| ti0 pa0 (4 / 2009) meM 1008 hI pAtAla batalAye haiN| ti0 pa0 (4 / 2436) meM svabhAvase hI zukla pakSameM jalakI vRddhi aura kRSNa pakSameM hAni batalAI hai kintu ta0vA0meM isakA kAraNa 1. 'arhadAyatana-madhya-dezanivezinaH SoDazayojanAyAma-tadarghaviSkambhocchyA ratna mayA devacchandAH / ' ta0vA0, pR0 178 / solasakosucchehaM samacaurassaM tdddhvitthaarN| loyaviNicchayakattA devacchaMdaM parUveI ||1866|-ti0 pa0 4 / 2. 'teSAmupari dviSaSThiyojana-dvigavyUtocchAyA sakrozaitriMzat yojanaviSkambhAstA vatpravezA evASTau praasaadaaH|-t.vaa., pR. 179 / 'vAso paNadhaNakosA taduguNA maMdirANa uccheho| loyaviNicchakattA evaM mANe pasvedi ||1975||'-ti0 50 4 / 3. 'nandanavane balabhadrakUTaM yojanasahasrocchAyaM mUlamadhyAgeSu yojanasahasrArdhASTama yojanazatapaJcayojanazatavistAram'-ta0va0, pR0 179 / 'dasaviMdaM bhUvAso paMcasayA joyaNANi muhavAso / evaM loyaviNicchaya maggAyaNie mudIredi ||1982||'-ti0 pa0 4 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 53 vAyu kumAra devoM aura unakI devAMganAoMkI krIr3Ake kAraNa pAtAloMmeM vAyukA saMkSobha honese jalakI vRddhi hAni batalAI hai| jambUdvIpake sivAya anya dvIpoMkA to bahuta hI saMkSipta varNana ta0 vA0 meM haiN| nandIzvara dvIpake varNanameM ta0 vA.' (pR0 198) meM vApikAoMke cAroM konoM para cAra ratikara vatalAye haiM / ti0 pa0 (5 / 67) meM vApiyoMke donoM bAhya konoMmeM do ratikara batalAye haiM aura Age likhA hai ki ve ratikara pratyeka vApI ke cAra cAra konoMmeM cAra hote haiM aisA loka vinizcaya kartA kahate haiN| ta0 vA0 (199) meM kuNDalavara dvIpake madhyameM sthita kuNDalavara parvatakA varNana hai / ti0 50 (5 / 125) meM likhA hai ki loka vinizcayake kartA kuNDala parvatakA varNana anya prakArase karate haiM use hama kahate haiN| aura phira ikkIsa gAthAoMse usa varNanako kahA hai| yaha varNana ta0 vA0 ke varNanase zabdazaH milatA hai| isI taraha ti0pa0 ( 5 / 167 )meM kahA hai ki lokavinizcayake kartA rucakavara parvatakA varNana anya prakArase karate haiM use kahate haiN| tavA meM bhI rucakavara parvatakA varNana hai jo lokavinizcayagata varNanase milatA hai / jyotiSI devoMke varNanameM samatalase candra, sUrya Adike vimAnoMkI dUrI batalAneke lie tavA0 (10 219 )meM jo gAthA udata kI hai vaha ti0pa0meM nahIM hai / sAtha hI kucha nakSatroMke antarAlameM bhI antara hai / ta0vA0 (10 219 meM rAhuvimAnakA bAhulya ar3hAI sau dhanuSa hai| ti050 ( 7 / 203 )ke anusAra yaha lokavinizcayake kartA AcAryakA kathana hai / tattvArthavArtikameM jyotiSI devoMke vimAnoMkA bAhulyAdi, unakA parivAra, cAra kSetra, sUrya, candrakA muhUrtagati kSetra, puSkara dvIpa paryanta pratyeka dvIpa aura samudrameM candra aura sUryakI saMkhyA AdikA kathana hai / ti0pa0 ( a0 7, pR0 761 )meM bAhya puSkArArdha dvIpake prathama balayameM candra aura sUryoMkA pramANa 144, 144 batalAyA hai / kintu ta0vA. (pR0 220)meM bAhya puSkarArdhameM candra, sUrya kevala 72-72 hI batalAye haiM / 1. 'etad vApIkoNasamIpasthAH pratyekaM catvAro nagA ratikarAkhyAH'-tavA0, pR0 198 / 'te caucaukoNesu ekkekkadahassa hoMti cttaari| loga viNicchayakattA evaM NiyamA parUveti' ||69|-ti0p0 5 / 2. 'rAhuvimAnAnyekayojanAyAmaviSkambhANyardhatRtIyadhanuHzatabAhulyAni'-ta0vA0, pR0 219 / paNNAsAdhiyadusayA kodaMDA rAhuNayarabahalattaM / evaM loyaviNicchaya kattAyario parUvedi ||203||-ti0p07|

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54 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ti0pa0ke AThaveM adhikArameM matAntara rUpase solaha kalpoMkA kathana hai / ta0vA meM ( 4 / 19 ) solaha kalpoMkA hI kathana hai / aura vaha kathana ti0pa0se milatA hai| indra vimAnoMke nAmoMke kramameM kahIM-kahIM antara hai| 16 kalpavAle bhI vAraha hI indra mAnate haiN| sarvArthasiddhi meM tathA ti0pa0meM bhI bAraha indra batalAye haiM / kintu ta0vA meM likhA hai ki lokAnuyogake upadezase caudaha indra kahe kintu yahA~ bAraha hI likhe gaye haiM kyoMki pUrvokta kramase brahmottara, kApiSTha, mahAzukra aura sahasrAra indra dakSiNendrake anuvartI hote haiM aura Anata tathA prANata kalpameM eka-eka indra hotA hai| tavA0 (10 226 )meM devasenAoMkI saMkhyAke sambandhameM likhA hai ki ina chahoM senAoMkI saMkhyA padAtiyoMkI saMkhyAke samAna hotI hai| yaha saMkhyA vikriyAkRta haiN| prAkRta saMkhyA to eka-eka senAkI chasau hai|' ti0pa0 ( 81 270 ) meM ise lokavinizcayake kartAkA mata batalAyA hai| isI taraha ta0vA0 ( pR0 225 )meM saudharmendrakI deviyoMkA jo pramANa batalAyA hai, ti0pa0 (8 // 386 )ke anusAra vaha bhI lokavinizcaya granthakA kathana hai| tavA0 ( pR0 206-207 )meM saMkhyA pramANakA kathana karate hue utkRSTa saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura anantakA pramANa lAnekI rIti datalAI hai| tatpazcAt upamA pramANake ATha bhedoMkA kathana kiyA hai| ti0pa0ke prathama adhikArake prArambhameM upamA pramANake ATha bhedoMkA kathana hai aura caturtha adhikArameM saMkhyApramANakA kathana gadya dvArA kiyA gayA hai| prakaraNa calatA hai vyavahArakAla kaa| vyavahAra kAlake prasaMgase saMkhyAtAdi rAziyoMkI utpattiko bhI lA ghuseNA hai / yadi bIcameM rakhe isa gadya bhAgako nikAla diyA jAye to varNanameM koI hAni nahIM pahu~catI / ataH yaha pIchese sammilita kiyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| yaha prAkRta gadya, tattvArthavArtikakI saMskRta gadyase bahuta milatI-julatI huI hai| donoMkA milAna karanese yahI pratIta hotA hai ki eka dUsarekA rUpAntara hai| kintu ananta rAzike bhedoMkI utpattike kathanameM donoMmeM antara bhI hai| donoMkA Arambhika bhAga yahA~ diyA jAtA hai| ____ 'saMkhyeyapramANAvagamArtha jambUdvIpa-tulyAyAma-viSkambhA yojanasahasrAvagAhA buddhaghA kuzUlAzcatvAraH kartavyAH zalAkA-pratizalAkA-mahAzalAkAkhyAstrayo: 1. 'ta ete lokAnuyogopadezena caturdazendrA uktA / iha dvAdaza iSyante pUrvoktena krameNa brahmottara-kApiSTha-mahAzukra-sahasrArendrANAM dakSiNendrAnuvartitvAt AnataprANatakalpayozca ekakendratvAt |'-t0vaa0, pR. 233 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 55 vasthitAH caturtho'navasthitaH / atra dvau sarpapau nikSiptau jaghanyametat saMkhyeyapramANam |'-t0vaa0, pR0 206 / "ettha ukkassa saMkhejjaya jANaNimittaM jambUdvIpavitthAraM sahassajoyaNauvvedha pamANacattAri sarAvayA kAdavvA salAgA paDisalAgA mahAsalAgA / ede tiNNi vi avaTThidA cauttho aNava TThido / ede savvaM paNNAe ThavidA / ettha cautthasarAvayaabhaMtare duve sarisave tthude taM jahaNNayaM saMkhejjayaM jAdaM |'-ti0p0, pR0 179 / astu, ti0pa0 aura ta0vA ke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase to yahI prakaTa hotA hai ki akalaMkadevake sAmane tiloyapaNNatti nahIM thI; valki lokavinizcaya thaa| ukta carcAkA upasaMhAra ukta carcAse yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki cUMki vIrasena svAmIne tiloyapaNNattikA nirdeza kiyA hai ataH usase pahale tiloyapaNNatti racI jA cukI thii| vIrasena svAmIke samakAlIna harivaMzapurANake sAtha usake tulanAtmaka adhyayanase yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki harivaMzapurANakArake sAmane ti0pa0 thI aura vaha bahuta kucha usI rUpa meM thI jisa rUpameM vartamAna hai| kintu pazcAt usameM mizraNa kiyA gayA hai| akalaMkadevake sAmane ti0pa0 upasthita nahIM thI kintu jisa lokavinizcayake matoMkA ullekha ti0pa0 meM hai vaha honA cAhiye / ha0pu0 (zaka saM0 705 )se eka zatAbdI pUrva akalaMkadeva hue haiM / ataH ti0pa0kI racanA unhIMke samayake lagabhaga yA usase kucha pUrva honI caahiye| milAvaTa kisane kI ti0 pa0 ke cauthe adhyAya ke madhya meM jahA~ caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke nirvANa kA kathana samApta hotA hai, eka padya vasantatilakA chanda meM AyA hai jo isa prakAra hai ghoraTukammaNiyare dalidUNa laddhaM hisseyasA jiNavarA jagavaMdaNijjA / siddhiM disaMtu turidaM siribAlacaMdasiddhatiyappahudi bhavvajaNANa savve // 1211 // "jinhone ghora aSTa karmoM ke samUhako naSTa karake nizreyasa padako prApta kara liyA hai aura jagatake vandanIya haiM, aise ve sarva jinendra zIghra hI zrI bAlacanda saiddhAntika Adi bhavya janoMko mukti pradAna kreN|' isake pazcAt pratyeka tIrthaMkarake tIrthameM hue anuvaddha kevaliyoMkI saMkhyA dI gaI hai / ataH madhyameM par3A huA ukta padya mUla granthakArakA to ho hI nahIM sakatA kyoMki eka to bAlacandra saiddhAntikakA nAma hai| dUsare usakI sthiti bhI

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56 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa vicitra hai| sAtha hI padyako dekhanese yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki padyakAra avazya hI prakRta padya racanAmeM catura hai / yadi usameM kisI vyaktikA nAma na hotA to use mUla granthakArakI racanA mAna lenemeM koI bAdhA nahIM thii| usane yadi anya bhI kucha padya racakara mUla graMthameM sammilita kara diye hoM to koI acarajakI bAta nahIM hai| vaha vyakti yA to svayaM bAlacandra saiddhAMtika yA unakA koI ziSya ho sakatA hai / zrI nAthUrAmajI premIkA anumAna hai ki ina bAlacandra saiddhAMtikane graMthameM milAvaTa kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai-'inake saiddhAntika vizeSaNase mAlUma hotA hai ki ye koI sAdhAraNa prati lekhaka nahIM ho sakate / siddhAnta zAstroMke jJAtAokI hI yaha padavI hotI hai| isase Azcarya nahIM jo ye vAlacandra saiddhAntika vIrasena jinasenake anuyAyI hoM aura inhoMne hI tiloyapaNNattimeM kucha bAteM dhavalAdise anyathA dekhakara usakA saMzodhana parivardhana karake use vartamAna rUpa de diyA ho aura phira unake isa saMskAra kiye hue graMthakI hI pratilipiyA~ sarvatra pahu~ca gaI hoN|' premIjIkA ukta vicAra asaMgata nahIM pratIta hotaa| aisA honA saMbhava hai / unhoMne bAlacandra saiddhAnti nAmake vidvAnoMkA paricaya karAte hue likhA hai ki 'bAlacandra saiddhAntika nAmake aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| unameMse ekakA ullekha kAmbadahallImeM kambadarAya stambhameM milatA hai| unakA samaya za0 saM0 1040 (vi0 saM0 1175) hai| unake gurukA nAmA rAddhAntArNavapAraga anantavIrya aura ziSyakA nAma siddhAntAmbhonidhi prabhAcandra thaa| eka aura bAlacandra hue haiM jo bhAvatribhaMgIke kartA zra ta munike guru aura abhayacandra saiddhAntikake ziSya the| karnATaka kavicAritake kartA ne inakA samaya vikramakI caudahavIM zatAbdI batalAyA hai| inhoMne dravya saMgrahakI TIkA za0 saM0 1195 (vi0 saM0 1330) meM likhI hai aura apane gurukA nAma abhayacandra batalAyA hai|' zve0 jambUdvIpapaNNati jinabhadra gaNi kSamA zramaNa se bhI pUrvameM saMkalita kiye gaye kucha graMtha haiM jo upAMga kahe jAte haiN| unameM eka upAMga jambUdvIpa prajJapti bhI hai / zvetAmvara 1. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 16 / / 2. yaha graMtha zAnti candraracita saMskRta vRttike sAtha dhaSThi devacanda lAlacanda bhAI jaina pustakoddhAra phaNDa bambaIkI orase vi0 saM0 1976 meM prakAzita huA hai|

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bhUgola- khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 57 paramparAke anusAra usakA saMkalana bhI valabhI vAcanAke samaya kiyA gayA thA / usakA paricaya bhI diyA jAtA hai / isa graMthakA Arambha paMcanamaskAra maMtrase hotA hai / yaha graMtha anya aMga graMthoMkI taraha gadyAtmaka sUtroMmeM racA gayA hai / bhASA ardhamAgadhI hai / aMga sUtroMkI taraha hI isake prArambhameM kahA gayA hai ki usa kAlameM usa samaya mithilA nAmakI samRddha nagarI thI / usake bAhara uttara pUrva dizAmeM mANibhadra nAmakA caitya thA / vahA~ke rAjAkA nAma jitazatru aura rAnIM - kA nAma dhAriNI thA / usa samaya vahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIkA samavasaraNa AyA / pariSad AI / dharmakA upadeza huA / pariSad calI gaI / usa kAlameM usa samaya zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIrake jyeSTha antevAsI indrabhUti nAmaka anagAra the / unakA gotra gautama thA / ve sAta hAtha U~ce the aura samacaturasra saMsthAnase sahita the / unhoMne tIna bAra dAhinI orase bhagavAnakI pradakSiNAkI bandanA kI aura namaskAra kiyA / vandanA aura namaskAra karake ve bole bhagavan jambUdvIpa kahA~ hai, vaha kitanA bar3A hai aura kisa AkArakA hai ? bhagavAn bole - gautama ! yahI jambUdvIpa hai / yaha saba dvIpoM aura samudroMke madhyatelameM pakAye hue puekI taraha gola hai / rathake pahie - kamalakI kaNikA taraha gola hai / pUrNamAsIke candramA meM hai / sabase choTA hai / / ke gherekI taraha gola hai kI taraha gola hai / usakA AyAma aura vistAra eka lAkha yojana hai / tIna lAkha solaha hajAra do sau sattAIsa yojana, tIna kosa, eka sau aTThAIsa dhanuSa, aura kucha adhika sAr3he teraha aMgula pramANa usakI paridhi hai ( sU0 3 ) / isa tarahase isa graMthakA prArambha hotA hai / gautama prazna karate haiM aura bhagavAna usakA uttara dete haiM / 9 sUtra taka to jambUdvIpa ke bAhya bhAgameM sthita vedikA vagairahakA hI varNana hai / 10 veM sUtrase bharata kSetrakA varNana Arambha hotA hai / ise pahalA adhikAra samajhanA cAhiye / 17veM sUtra taka yaha adhikAra samApta ho jAtA hai / 8 sUtroM meM bharata kSetra, vaitADhya parvata, parvata para sthita siddhAyatana kUTa, dakSiNArdhaM bharatakUTa, uttarabharata aura RSabhakUTakA varNana hai / dUsare adhikAra meM bharatakSetra meM pravartita cheM kAloMkA varNana hai / 18veM sUtrameM kucha gAthAe~ bhI haiM jinake dvArA Avali, uchvAsa, nizvAsa AdikA svarUpa kahA hai| sUtra 19 meM palyopama aura sAgaropamakA kathana hai| isameM paramANukA svarUpa batalAne vAlI 'sattheNa sutikkheNa vi' Adi gAthA dI hai, jo tiloyapaNNatti (1-9) meM anuyoga dvAra sUtrameM, aura jyotiSkaraNDa ( 2-73 ) tathA anya bhI granthoMmeM pAI jAtI hai /

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58 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa satra 20se bharata kSetrameM pravartita avasapiNI kAlake prathama suSamasuSamA kAlameM honevAlI dazAkA varNana hai| sUtra 20meM kalpavRkSakA svarUpa batalAyA hai / sUtra 21 meM bhogabhUmimeM utpanna hue yugaloMke zarIrAdikA kathana hai| isa taraha 27veM sUtra taka bhogabhUmija jIvoMkA kathana hai| sUtra 28 meM kahA hai ki tIsare kAlameM palyakA AThavAM bhAga kAla zepa rahane para pandraha kulakara utpanna hote haiM / bhagavAna RSabhadevako 15vA~ kulakara batalAyA hai| sUtra 29 meM kulakaroMke dvArA sthApita daNDa vyavasthAkA varNana hai| sUtra 30-33 meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke janma aura dIkSA vagairahakA kathana hai| sUtra 34-36 meM cauthe, pAMcave aura chaThe kAlakA kathana hai| sUtra 37-40meM utsarpiNI kAlakA kathana hai / yahA~ dUsarA kAlAdhikAra samApta ho jAtA hai / tIsare adhikArameM sUtra 41 se 71 taka cakravartI bharatakI digvijaya tathA vibhUti vagairahakA bahuta vistArase sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM vAhubalike sAtha hone vAle yuddhakI koI carcA hI nahIM hai| antameM bharatake vairAgyakA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki eka dina bharata mahArAja majjana gRhase nikala kara Adarza gahameM praviSTa ho Atma nirIkSaNa karane lge| unheM kevala jJAna aura kevala darzanakI prApti ho gaI taba unhoMne AbharaNAdi tyAgakara paMcamuSTi loca kiyA aura Adarza gRhase nikala kara pravrajyA dhAraNa kI / antameM unhoMne nirvANa lAbha kiyaa| cauthe adhikArameM sUtra 72 se 111 sUtra paryanta himavAna Adi parvatoMkA tathA haimavata Adi kSetroMkA varNana hai| pAMcaveM adhikArameM jinendra devake janmAbhiSekakA kathana hai| chaThemeM bharatakSetra pramANa jambadvIpake khaNDa unakA kSetraphala, varSasaMkhyA, parvatasaMkhyA, vidyAdhara zreNi saMkhyA, Adi saMkhyAoMkA kathana hai / sAtaveM adhikArameM candra sUrya AdikI saMkhyAko batalAkara sUrya maNDaloMkI saMkhyA, unakA kSetra, antara, vistAra, dina-rAtrikA mAna, tApa kSetra candra maNDaloM aura nakSatra maNDaloMkI saMkhyA AdikA kathana hai| AThaveM adhikArameM nakSatra saMvatsara, yuga saMvatsara, pramANa saMvatsara, lakSaNa saMvatsara aura zanizcara saMvatsara ina pA~ca saMvatsaroMkA nirdeza karake pratyekake bheda batalAye haiM / phira saMvatsarake mAsoMkA ullekha karake zrAvaNase lekara AsAr3ha paryanta mAsa nAmoMko laukika batalAyA hai / inake lokottara nAma isa prakAra batalAye haiM-1 abhinandita, 2 pratiSTha, 3 vijaya, 4 prItivardhana, 5 zreya-zreya, 6 ziva, 7 ziSira, 8 hemanta, 9 vasanta, 10 kusuma saMbhava, 11 nidAgha, 12 vanavirodha / isI prakAra 15 dina aura

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 59 unakI tithiyoMke tathA 15 rAtri aura unakI bhI tithiyoMke nAmoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| nauve adhikArameM 28 nakSatroMke nAmoMkA nirdeza karake yoga, devatA, gotra, saMsthAna, candrasUryayoga, kula, pUrNimA, amAvasyA, aura sannipAta, inake Azrayase unakA vizeSa kathana kiyA hai| dasaveM adhikArameM candrasUrya vimAnoMke nIce-Upara tArAoMke vividha rUpa unakA parivAra, meruse antara, lokAntase antara, pRthivItalase antara, anya nakSatroMkA pArasparika antara, bAhya evaM nIce Upara nakSatroMkA saMcAra, vimAnoMkI AkRti tathA pramANa, unake vAhaka deva, gati, Rddhi, tArAntara sthiti vagairahakA kathana hai / ____ gyArahaveM adhikArameM jambUdvIpake tIrthaGkara, cakravartI, baladeva aura vAsudevoMkI jaghanya tathA utkarSase saMkhyA batalAkara yaha batalAyA hai ki cakravartI kitanI nidhiyoM aura ratnoMkA upabhoga karatA hai / antameM jambUdvIpake AyAma Adi batalAkara usakI zAzvatatA aura azAzvatatAkI parcAkI hai| sUtra 4 meM jIvAbhigama nAmaka sUtrakA nAma AyA hai / sUrya prajJapti' ___yaha bhI eka upAMga hai| isakA prArambha bhI vilkula jambUdvIpa prajJaptikI hI taraha unhIM zabdoMmeM aura usI rUpameM huA hai / isameM vIsa prAbhRta haiM / unameM varNita viSayoMkI sUcanA prArambhameM hI pAMca gAthAoMke dvArA kara dI gaI hai| jo isa prakAra haiM 1. sUrya varSabharameM kitane maNDala calatA hai / 2. sUrya tiryaggamana kaise karatA hai 3. sUrya kitane kSetrako prakAzita karatA hai| 4. prakAzakI sthiti kaisI hai| 5. sUryakI lezyA (teja) kahA~ pratihata hotI hai| 6. sUryake ojakI kaisI sthiti hai / 7. sUryake varaNake viSayameM vipratipattiyAM, 8. sUryake udayake viSayameM vipratipattiryA 9. sUryakI pauruSI chAyAkA pramANa / 10. sUryakA nakSatrAdike sAtha yoga 11. saMvatsaroMkA Adi / 12. saMvatsara kitane haiN| 13. candramAkI vRddhi-hAni / 14. candramAkI jyotsnA sabase adhika kava hotI hai / 15. candra sUrya vagairahameM zIghragati kauna haiM / 16. candrakI leshyaa| 17. candra sUrya vagairahakA cyavana aura utpatti / 18. bhUmitalase unakI U~cAI / 19. candra sUrya vagairahakI saMkhyA / 20. candrAdi kA svarUpa / 1. sUrya prajJapti malagagirikI saMskRta TIkAke sAtha Agamodaya samitise prakAzita

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60 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa eka-eka prAbhRtake antargata aneka prAbhUta prAbhRta nAmaka avAntara adhikAra haiN| unakI saMkhyA bIsa taka haiN| ataH koI prAbhRta choTe haiM to koI bar3e bhI hai| jaise pahalA, dasavAM aura bArahavAM prAbhUta bar3e haiN| tIsarA cauthA, pAcavAM vagairaha choTe haiM / ina prAbhUtoMmeM jo prakRta viSayameM pracalita matAntara diye gaye hai ve mahatvapUrNa haiN| candra prajJapti ___yaha to sUrya prajJaptikI nakala hai| yataH usameM candra aura sUrya donoMkA kathana hai isaliye usI granthako do nAmoMse prasiddha kara diyA jAna par3atA hai| donoMke Arambha meM thor3A antara hai| candra prajJaptike prArambhameM kucha gAthAeM haiM jinameM adhikAra paraka gAthAe~ bhI haiM jo sUrya prajJaptimeM bhI hai| usake bAda jambUdvIpa prajJapti vAlI utthAnikA hai / sUryaprajJaptimeM pahale utthAnikA pIche adhikAra sUcaka gAthAeM haiM / kevala itanA hI antara hai / zeSa anta paryanta jyoMkI tyoM hai| jyotiSkaraNDa zrI RSabha devajI kezarI mallajI zvetAmbara saMsthA ratalAmase prakAzita paMcAzaka Adi mUla granthoM ke saMgraha meM prakAzita jyotiSkaraNDake Upara 'pUrvabhRdvAlamya-prAcIna-tadAcArya-racitaM jyotiSkaraNDam chapA huA hai| jo batalAtA hai ki vAlamya vAcanAke anuyAyI kisI prAcIna AcAryane isakI racanA kI thii| ___ isameM 21 adhikAra haiM-1. kAla pramANa, 2. saMvatsara pramANa, 3 adhikamAsa niSpatti, 4. parvatithi samApti, 5. avamarAtra, 6. nakSatra parimANa, 7. candra sUrya parimANa, 8. candra sUrya nakSatragati, 9. nakSatrayoga, 10. candra sUrya maNDalavibhAga, 11. ayana, 12. AvRtti, 13. maNDalameM muhUrtagati parimANa, 14. Rtu parimANa, 15. viSuva, 16. vyatipAta 16. tApakSetra, 18 divasa vRddhi, 19. amAvasyA paurNamAsI, 20. praNaSTa parva aura 21. pauruSI / granthake prArambhameM hI gAthA 2-5 ke dvArA granthakArane ukta adhikAra ginA diye haiN| prathama gAthAmeM kahA hai ki sUrapannattI (sUrya prajJaptimeM) jo kathana vistArase kiyA hai use yahA~ saMkSepameM khuuNgaa| antima gAthAmeM kahA hai ki pUrvAcAryone ziSyajanoMke bodhake liye dinakara paNNattI (sUrya prajJapti) se yaha kAlajJAna saMkSepameM lAyA gayA hai / ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki isa granthakI racanA sUrya prajJaptike AdhArase kI gaI haiM / isameM kula 376 gAthAeM haiN| prathama kAla pramANameM kevala pAMca gAthAe~ haiN| jinake dvArA batalAyA hai ki sabase sUkSma kAla samaya hai| asaMkhyAta samayoMkA eka uchvAsa aura utane hI kA eka nizvAsa hotA hai| eka uchvAsa aura eka nizvAsoMkA eka prANa hotA hai /

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bhUgola -khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 61 sAta prANoMkA eka stoka, sAta stokoMkA eka lava, sAr3he ar3atIsa lavakI eka nAlI hotI hai / isa nAlIkA AkAra Adi kAlamAna nAmaka dUsare adhikArameM batalAye haiM / likhA hai - anArake phUlake AkArakI lohekI nAlI banavAnI cAhiye / usake talameM chidra karanA cAhiye / chidra banAnekA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai / phira usameM pAnI DAlanekA bhI pramANa batalAyA hai / isa nAlikAke dvArA usa samaya kAlako jAnA jAtA thA / do nAlIkA eka muhUrta hotA thA / yaha kathana to anya bhI granthoMmeM milatA hai kintu nAlIkI upapatti anyatra nahIM milatI / tattvArtha vArtika ( 4 205 - 206 ) meM jo pratimAnakA kathana hai vaha bilakula jyotiSkaraNDake kAlamAna sambandhI kathanase milatA hai kintu usameM bhI nAlIkI upapatti nahIM dI hai / isa kAla mAna nAmaka dUsare adhikArameM 80 gAthAeM haiM / kAlakA mAna jAnane ke liye yaha adhikAra bahuta upayogI hai / isakI aneka gAthAe~ anya granthoMmeM bhI milatI haiM / tIsare adhikamAsa nAmaka adhikArameM kevala tIna gAthAeM hai / usameM batalAyA hai ki candramA aura sUryamAsameM jitanA antara hai usako tIsase guNA karane para adhikamAsakI niSpatti hotI hai / cauthe tithi niSpatti nAmaka adhikArameM 13 gAthAe~ haiM / isameM tithikI niSpattikI prakriyA batalAI hai / chaThe nakSatra parimANameM nakSatroMke nAma, AkAra vagairaha batalAye hai / isI taraha pratyeka adhikArameM apane nAmake anurUpa jyotiSa maNDalakA kathana kiyA hai / jyo0 ka0 ke dUsare adhikAra meM kAlakA mAna batalAte hue likhA hai ki caurAsI lAkha pUrvokA eka latAMga, caurAsI lAkha latAMga kI eka latA aura caurAsI lAkha mahAlatAGgoMkA eka nalina hotA hai / isI taraha nalina, mahA nalinAMga, mahAnalina, padmAMga, padma, mahApadmAMga, mahApadma, kamalAMga, kamala, mahAkamalAMga, mahAkamala, kumudAMga, kumuda, mahAkumudAMga, mahAkumuda, truTitAMga, truTita, mahAtruTitAMga, mahAtruTita, aSTAMga, aSTa, mahAaSTAMga, mahAaSTa, UTTAMga, UTTa, mahoTTAMga, mahoTTa, zIrSa prahelikAMga, zIrSa prahelikA isa taraha krama diyA hai / kintu ye jambUdvIpa prajJapti (sU0 18) meM truTitAMga, truTita, aTTAMga, aTTa, avavAMga, avava, huhukAMga, huhuka, utpalAMga, utpala, padmAMga, padma, nalinAMga, nalina, arthanipUrAMga, arthanipUra, ayutAMga ayuta, nayutAMga, nayuta, prayutAMga, prayuta, cUlikAMga, cUlika, zIrSa prahelikAMga aura zIrSa prahelikA, yaha krama diyA hai / donoMmeM bahuta antara hai / anuyogadvAra sUtra (114, 137 ) kA krama jambUdvIpa prajJaptise mela khAtA hai / isI taraha tattvArtha vArtika ( pR0 209 ) meM tathA tiloyapaNNattameM (4-285

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62 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa Adi) jo krama diyA hai vaha bhI na to pUrI tarahase ApasameM mela khAtA hai aura na ukta kramase hI mela khAtA hai| tattvArtha sUtrakA tIsarA aura cauthA adhyAya lokAnuyogase sambaddha hai| tIsare adhyAyameM adholoka aura madhyalokakA kathana hai aura cauthe adhyAyameM UrdhvalokakA kathana hai / vaha kathana sUtrAtmaka honese bahuta saMkSipta hai aura usameM kucha mukhya-mukhya bAtoMkA hI kathana hai / tattvArtha sUtrakI TIkAoMmeM vizeSa kathana pAyA jAtA hai| usameM bhI pUjyapAda racita sarvArtha siddhi TIkAmeM kiMcit hI vizeSa kathana hai| hA~, tattvArtha vArtikameM vivaraNAtmaka vizeSa kathana hai| usake pazcAt harivaMza purANameM bhI vizeSa kathana hai jisakA paricaya poche karAyA gayA hai| kintu ye saba grantha lokAnuyogameM garbhita nahIM hote / ataH yahA~ unakA sAmAnya ullekha mAtrakara diyA gayA hai| digambara paramparAmeM tiloya paNNatike pazcAt trilokasAra hI eka aisA grantha hai jo lokAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityameM gaNanIya hai| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAmeM isa bIcameM jinabhadragaNi kSamA zramaNa nAmake eka mahAn jainAcArya hue jinhoMne Avazyaka sUtra para vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakI racanA kii| usake kAraNa bhASyakArake nAmase bhI ve prasiddha hai / unhoMne vRhat kSetra mamAsa, vRhatsaMgrahiNI vizeSaNavatI Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai, jinameme vRhata kSetra mamAsa aura vRhatsaMgrahaNI lokAnuyogase saMbaddha hai| aura vizeSaNavatImeM bhI aneka carcAe~ lokAnuyogase sambaddha hai| kintu vaha kevala lokAnuyoga viSayaka prakaraNa nahIM haiN| kintu usameM vibhinna saiddhAntika zaMkAoMkA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| samaya jesalamerake bhaNDArase vizeSAvazyaka bhAvyakI eka prAcIna prati muni jina vijaya jI ko prApta huI hai| usake antameM usakA racanAkAla' zakasambat 531 (vi0 saM0 666) diyA huA hai| aura usa parase muni jIne zrI jinabhadra gaNi kSamA kSamaNakA avasAna kAla vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdIkA antima caraNa nizcita kiyA hai / jo ucita hI hai| 1. 'paMcasatA igatIsA sagaNivakAlassa vaTTamANassa / to cetta puNNimAe budhadiNasAtimi Nakkhatte // rajje Nu pAlaNapure sI (lAi) ccammi Naravarindammi / valabhINagarIe imaM mahavimi jiNabhavaNe // " bhA0 vi0, sva0 bahAdura siMha siMghI smRti granthameM munijIke "jinabhadra gaNi kSamA zramaNano samaya' zIrSaka nivandhase uddhRta /

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bhUgola- khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 63 bRhat' kSetra samAsa TIkAkArane apanI TIkAmeM isa granthakA nAma kSetra e samAsa batalAyA hai aura granthakArane ise 'samaya' kSetra samAsa' nAma diyA hai / usakI vyutpatti karate hue TIkAkArane likhA4 hai-- 'sUryake gamanakI kriyAse upalakSita atyanta sUkSma kAla vizeSako samaya kahate haiM / aura usase upalakSita kSetrako samaya kSetra kahate haiM / vaha samaya kSetra manuSyaloka hai kyoMki manuSya kSetrase bAhara sUryakI gamana kriyAse upalakSita koI kAlavizeSa nahIM hai' / Azaya yaha hai ki isameM manuSyaloka sambandhI dvIpa samudroMkA hI kathana hai ataH granthakArane isakA sArthaka nAma 'samaya kSetra samAsa' rakhA hai / kintu yaha vRhatkSetra samAsake nAmase prasiddha hai / mudrita pustakameM ise yahI nAma diyA gayA hai / vRhatkSetra samAsa granthameM pA~ca adhikAra haiM - 1 jambUdvIpAdhikAra, 2 lavaNAbyadhikAra, 3 dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpAdhikAra, 4 kAlodadhi adhikAra aura 5 puSkara varadvIpArdhAdhikAra / inameM kramase 398 + 90 + 81 + 11 + 76 656 gAthAe~ | kintu pAMcaveM adhikArakI 75 vIM gAthAmeM granthakArane svayaM kSetra samAsa prakaraNakI gAthA saMkhyA 637 batalAI hai / aura TIkAkAra malayagirine bhI apanI TIkAmeM gAthAoMkA parimANa 637 hI batalAyA hai / kintu mudrita pratike pAdaTippaNa meM likhA hai ki anya pratimeM 'paNapannA huMti ittha natthammi' aisA pAThAntara pAyA jAtA hai / antima gAthAko na ginane para gAthA saMkhyA 655 baiThatI hai / ataH pAThAntara ke anusAra gAyA parimANa ThIka baiThatA hai / = prathama jambUdvIpAdhikArameM jambUdvIpame lekara antima svayambhU ramaNa paryanta saba dvIpa samudroMkA pramANa aDhAI uddhAra sAgaroMke samayoMkI saMkhyA ke barAbara batalAkara aDhAI dvIpa aura do samudroMko mamuSya kSetra batalAyA hai tathA usakA vistAra paitA - lIsa lAkha yojana, jisameM jambUdvIpakI paridhi, jagatI, bharatAdika sAta kSetroM aura himavadAdi SaT kulAcaloMkA vistAra Adi unakA vANa jIvA dhanuH, kSetraphala ghanaphala Adi, vaitADhyapavartakA vistArAdi, nadiyoMkA vistArAdi, haimavata AdimeM 1. vRhat kSetra samAsa, malayagirikI saMskRta TIkAke sAtha jainadharma prasAraka sabhA bhAvanagarase prakAzita huA hai / 2. ' vivRNomi yathAzakti kSetrasamAsaM samAsataH spaSTam / ' 3. 'samayakkhettasamAsaM vocchAmi guruvarameNa // 1 // | ' 4. 'samaya kSetra samAsaM' samayaH sUryagamanakriyopalakSitaH paramaniruddhaH kAlavizeSaH tadupalakSitaM kSetra samayakSetraM manuSyakSetramiti / na hi manuSyakSetrAdvahiH sUryagamanakriyopalakSito nAma ko'pi kAlo'sti / - vR0 kSe0, sa0, pR0 1 /

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64 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa rahane bAle manuSyoM kA pramANAdi, merUkA varNana, videha kSetrake tIrthaGkaroMkA kathana jambUdvIpake sUrya candrAdikA kathana hai / yaha saba kathana tiloya paNNattike prAyaH samAna hai / ti0pa0ke cauthe avikArakA nAma naralokapaNNatti athavA manuSyaloka prajJapti hai / usakA prArambha paiMtAlisa lAkha yojana pramANa manuSyalokake nirdezase hotA hai / kSetra samAsa kI bhI vahI zailI hai / antara kevala itanA hI hai ki ti0pa0meM pratyeka varNana vistAra se hai aura kSetrasamAsameM saMkSepa se hai / usIkA sUcaka 'samAsa' zabda hai / varNanakI samAnatAkI dRSTise kucha gAthAe~ uddharaNIya haiM'cattAriduvArA puNa cauddisi jaMbUdIvassa // 16 // caujoyaNavicchinnA adveva ya joyaNAi ucciTTA | ubhaovi kosakosaM kuDDA vAhallao tesi // 17 // puveNa hoi vijayaM dAhiNao hoi vejayaMtaM tu / avareNaM tu jayaMtaM avarAiya uttare pAse || 18 || ' - vR0kSe0saM0 / X X X vijayaMtavejayaMtaM jayaMta aparAjayaMtaNAmehiM / cattAri duvArAI jaMbUdIve caudisAsuM // 41 // puvvadisAe vijayaM dakkhiNaAsAe va ijayaMtaM hi / avaradisAe jayaMtaM avarAjidamuttarAsAe // 42 // edANaM dArANaM pattekkaM aTThajoyaNA udao / uccheddha ruMda hodi paveso vi vAsasamaM // 43 // gaNitake niyamoM meM to prAyaH samAnatA hai hI, kintu gaNitake sUtroMmeM bhI samAnatA kahIM-kahIM pAI jAtI hai / yathA abhISTa sthAna meM merukA vistAra nikAlanekI rIti jatthicchasi vikkhaMbhaM maMdirasiharAhi uvaittANaM / ekkArasahi vibhattaM sahassasahiyaM ca vikkhaMbhaM // 307 // vR0kSe0sa0 / X X X jatthicchasi vikkhabhaM maMdarasiharAu samavadiNNANaM / taM ekkAra bhajidaM sahassasahidaM ca tatthavitthAraM // 1719 // cUlikA vistAra - ti0pa04 / jatthicchasi vikkhaMbhaM cUlIyasiharAhi uvaittANaM / taM paMcahi pavibhattaM cauhiM juyaM jANa vikkhaMbhaM // 350 // - vR0 kSe0sa0 1 |

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 65 jatthicchasi vikkhaMbhaM cUliyasiharAu samavadiNNANaM / taM paMcehi vihattaM caujuttaM tattha tavvAsaM ||1797||-ti0p0 4 / dUsare lavaNAbdhi adhikArameM lavaNa samudrakA vistAra, paridhi, usameM sthita pAtAla, jalakI hAnivRddhi, belaMdhara nAgakumAroMkI saMkhyA Adi, chappana antaradvIpa, antaradvIpameM rahane vAle manuSyoMkA utsedha Adi, lavaNa samudrake utsedhAdikA pramANa tathA candramA, sUrya AdikI saMkhyAkA kathana hai| isa adhikArameM antaradvIpa chappana batalAye haiN| jinameMse aTThAIsa dvIpa himAlaya parvata sambandhI aura 28 dvIpa zikharI parvata sambandhI hai| inake nAma kramazaH ekoruka, AbhASika, vaiSANika, lAGgalika Adi haiN| (bR0kSe0sa0, 2-56 aadi)| zvetAmbara sAhityameM chappana antardIpa mAne gaye haiM kintu digambara sAhityameM antarvIpa mAne gaye haiM / tattvArthAdhigama sUtrake umAsvAti racita bhASyameM bhI 96 antarvIpa mAne haiM / usa para TIkAkAra' siddha senagaNine roSa prakaTa karate likhA hai ki yaha kathana ArSa viruddha hai| ataH tiloyapaNNattimeM antarvIpa 96 batalAye haiN| sarvArthasiddhi tattvArthavArtika AdimeM bhI 96 hI batalAye haiM / vRhatkSetra samAsameM dvIpoMkA nAma ekoruka Adi batalAyA hai aura dvIpoMke nAmake kAraNa unameM rahane vAle manuSyoM kA bhI vahI nAma batalAyA hai| kintu digambara sAhityameM antadvIpoMmeM rahane vAle manuSyoMko ekoruka-jinake eka paira haiM, Adi batalAyA hai| aura unakA artha una zabdoMke anusAra yahI kiyA jAtA hai ki unake eka jaMghA hai, ve gUMge haiM, unameMse kisIkA mukha matsyakI taraha, kisIkA bandarakI taraha hai, Adi / tiloyapaNNattimeM bhI adviIpoMke manuSyoMko ekoruka, lAMgalika Adi batalAyA hai magara nAmamAtrase / yathA 'ekoruka laMgulikA vesaNakA bhAsakA ya NAmahi / puvvAdisuM disAsuM caudIvANaM kumANusA hoMti // 2484 // " Age bhI kamAnuSoMko 'taNNAmA' likhakara ekoruka Adi nAma batalAyA hai| ataH ekoruka AdikA zabdArtha lenA vicAraNIya hai / astu tiloyapaNNattise vRhat kSetra samAsameM dvIpoMkA avasthAna bhI bhinna rUpase batalAyA hai / yaha kevala granthagata bheda nahIM hai kintu paramparAgata bheda hai / 'etaccAntaradvIpakabhASyaM prAyo vinAzitaM sarvatra kairapi durvidagdhairyena SaNNavatirantaradvIpakA bhASyeSu dRzyante / anASa caitadadhyavasIyate jIvAbhigamAdiSu SaTpaJcAzadantaradvIpakAdhyayanAt |'-siddhksse0 TIkA, bhA0 1, pu0 267 /

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66 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa digambara paramparA ke granthoMmeM tiloyapaNNattike anusAra kathana hai aura zvetAmbara paramparAke granthoM meM vRhatkSetrake anusAra kathana milatA hai| tIsare dhAtakI khaNDa adhikArameM dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpakA vistAra, pariSi, iSvAkAra parvata, meru parvata, bharatAdika kSetroMkA tathA himavadAdi parvatoMkA AkAra vistArAdi, tathA candra sUrya vagairahakI saMkhyA AdikA kathana hai| tiloyapaNNattimeM (4-2578) merukA vistAra tala bhAgameM dasa hajAra yojana aura bhUtala para 9400 yojana batalAyA hai / Age (gA0 2581) likhA hai ki kucha AcArya meruke tala vistArako nau hajAra pA~ca sau yojana mAnate haiN| tattvArtha vArtika (pR0 195) meM merukA mUla meM vistAra 9500 aura bhUtala para 9400 batalAyA hai / vRhat kSetra samAsameM (gA0 3-58) bhI utanA batalAyA hai| jo ti0 pa0 ke matAntarake anusAra hai| donoM granthoMmeM merukI hAni vRddhi nikAlaneke liye jo gaNita sUtra diyA hai vaha pUrvavat prAyaH samAna hI hai yathA jatthicchasi vikkabhaM maMdarasiharAhi uccaittANaM / taM dasahi bhaiya la ddhaM sahassa sahiyaM tu vilkabhaM ||59||-v0ksse0s03 / jatthicchasi vikkhaMbhaM khullayamerUNa samavadiNNANaM / dasabhajide jaM laddhaM ekka sahasseNa saMmilidaM ||2582||-ti0p0 4 / cauthe adhikArameM kAloda samudrake vistAra, paridhi, dvIpa, candra sUrya Adi kI saMkhyA, AdikA kathana hai| tiloyapaNNattimeM kAloda samudra meM bhI lavaNa samudrakI taraha antarvIpa aura unameM rahane vAle kumanuSyoMkA kathana hai| kintu vRhatkSetra samAsameM vaha saba kathana nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki zvetAmvarameM kAlodadhimeM aise antarvIpa nahIM mAne gaye haiN| pA~cave adhikArameM puSkara dvIpa va usake madhyameM sthita mAnuSottara parvatake vistArAdikA, tathA iSvAkAra parvata, bharatAdi kSetra, himavadAdi parvatoMke vistArAdikA tathA candra sUryAdikI saMkhyA AdikA kathana hai| vRhatsaMgrahaNi' jina bhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa viracita vRhatsaMgrahaNi bhI lokAnuyogakA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isa para bhI malayagirikI saMskRta TIkA hai| vRhat kSetra 1. malayagirikI saMskRta TIkAke sAtha vRhatsaMgrahaNIkA prakAzana zrI jaina AtmA nanda sabhA bhAvanagarase huA hai / aura usakA gujarAtI anuvAda zrI jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA bhAvanagarase prakAzita huA hai /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 67 samAsakI taraha hI vRhat saMgrahiNImeM bhI granthakArakA koI nirdeza nahIM miltaa| kintu TIkAkArane use jinabhadra gaNijIkI kRti batalAyA hai| usake gujarAtI anuvAdakI prastAvanAmeM likhA hai ki vRhatsaMgrahaNikI mUla gAthAe~ 353 haiM; kyoMki malayagirikI TIkAke sAtha chape hue granthake antameM 353 mUla gAthAeM dI hai| TIkAkArane apanI TIkAmeM 24 kSepaka gAthAoMko bhI sammilita kara liyA hai isase gAthA saMkhyA 367 ho gaI hai| granthake prArambhameM usakA nAma 'saMgahaNi' batalAyA hai| tathA usameM devoM aura nArakiyoMkI sthiti, bhavana; avagAhanA aura manuSyoM tathA tiryaJcoMke zarIra aura AyukA pramANa tathA utpatti aura cyavanakA birahakAla, eka samayameM utpanna hone vAle aura cyuta hone vAle jIvoMkI saMkhyA aura gati AgatikA kathana karanekA nirdeza kiyA hai| tathA antameM ( gA0 364 ) kahA hai ki maiMne bhavya jIvoMke hitake liye Agamase uddhRta karake yaha saMkSipta saMgrahaNI kahI hai / aura antima gAthAmeM kahA hai ki maiMne pUrvAcArya kRta zra tameMse apanI matike anusAra jo kucha uddhRta kiyA ho use zru tadhara kSamA kreN| isase spaSTa hai ki isa saMgrahaNIkA saMgraha pUrvAcArya kRta zra tameMse kiyA gayA hai| digamvara paramparAmeM eka mUlAcAra nAmaka grantha hai isa granthakA ullekha tiloyapaNNattimeM milatA hai aura usase usameM kucha gAthAe~ bhI lI gaI haiM yaha pahale batalA Aye haiN| mUlAcArake antima prakaraNakA nAma 'pajjati saMgrahaNI hai / isa prakaraNakI aneka gAthAe~ vRhat saMgrahaNImeM saMgRhIta haiM / kucha gAthAeM to yathAkrama pAI jAtI haiM / vivaraNa isa prakAra hai jambUdvIpase lekara krauMcavara dvIpaparyanta solaha dvIpoMke nAma donoM granthoMmeM do gAthAoMse batalAye gaye haiM / ina donoM gAthAoMkI kramasaMkhyA mUlAcArameM 33-34 aura saMgrahaNImeM 82-83 hai / donoMmeM prAyaH samAnatA hai| usake pazcAt mUlAcArameM yaha gAthA hai evaM dIvasamuddA duguNa duguNavitthaDA asNkhejjaa| ede du tiriyaloe sayaMbhuramaNodahiM jAva // 35 / / saMgrahaNImeM yahI gAthA thor3ese pAThabhedako lie hue isa prakAra hai evaM dIvasamuddA duguNA duguNA bhave asaMkhejjA / bhaNio ya tiriyaloe sayaMbhuramaNodahI jAva // 85 // ukta do gAthA aura ukta gAthAke bIcameM saMgrahaNI meM jo 84 nambarakI gAthA

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68 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa hai vaha mUlAcArameM Age dI hai usakA nambara 36 hai| usake pazcAt 38, 39 aura 40 nambarako gAthAeM saMgrahaNImeM 87, 88 aura 90 nambara para haiM / isa taraha dvIpa samudroMke kathana sambandhI gAthAe~ donoM saMgrahaNiyoMmeM prAyaH samAna haiN| Age yoniyoMke kathana sambandhI mUlAcAra gAthA 58-59 saMgrahiNImeM 358359 nambara para haiN| 60 tathA 360 nambarakI gAthAkA artha samAna hote hue bhI zabdoMmeM thor3A antara antara pAyA jAtA hai| Age 61-62 tathA 361362 gAthAe~ prAyaH samAna haiN| mUlAcArakI 62vIM gAthAke antima caraNakA pATha hai-'sesA sesesu jonniisu'| aura saMgrahaNIkI 362vIM gAthAke antima caraNameM pATha haiM-'sesAe sesagajaNo ya' / gommaTasAra jIvakANDameM yaha gAthA saMgrahaNI vAle pAThake sAtha pAI jAtI hai| __ mUlAcArameM kuloMko batalAne vAlI 166 se 169 taka kI cAra gAthAeM isI kramase saMgrahaNImeM hai aura unakI kramasaMkhyA 353-356 taka hai| aura bhI kitanI hI gAthAeM donoM graMthoM meM samAna haiM / vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNI sAtavIM zatAbdImeM hue haiM / tiloyapaNNattikI racanA usase bahuta pahale ho cukI thI aura tiloyapaNNattimeM mUlAcAra kA nirdeza hai tathA usase kucha gAthAeM bhI lI gaI haiN| ataH mUlAcAra ti0pa0se bhI prAcIna hai| ataH saMgrahaNImeM ukta gAthAe~ mUlAcArake antameM sthita 'pajjatI saMgrahaNI' se lI gaI hoM, yaha saMbhava hai| __ aura bhI kucha gAthAe~ saMgrahaNImeM aisI haiM jo anya graMthoMmeM milatI haiN| saMgahaNIkI 'padamakkharaM pi ikka' Adi 167vIM gAthA bhagavatI ArAdhanAkI 39vIM gAthA hai aura 'suttaM gaNaharaiyaM' Adi 168vIM gAthA bha0 ArAdhanAkI 34vIM gAthA hai / antara kevala itanA hai ki usameM 'raiyaM' ke sthAna para 'gathidaM' aura 'kahiyaM' pATha hai| 'kathidaM' pAThake sAtha yahI gAthA mUlAcArake paJcAcArAdhikArameM bhI pAI jAtI haiN| phira saMgrahaNImeM ye donoM gAthAe~ vinA kisI prakaraNake svargoM meM upapAdake prakaraNameM saMgRhIta kI gaI haiN| ataH nizcaya hI inheM anyatrase liyA gayA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA tiloyapaNNattise bhI prAcIna hai| isI taraha 'punvassa u parimANaM' Adi 316vIM gAthA pUjyapAdako sarvArthasiddhimeM uddhRta haiN| aura pUjyapAda 5-6vIM zatIke AcArya haiN| ataH yaha gAthA prAcIna honI cAhiye / saMgrahaNImeM pahalI pRthivIkI sthiti batalAkara zeSa pRthiviyoMmeM sthiti batalAneke lie eka karaNasUtra diyA hai jo isa prakAra hai

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 69 uvarikhiiThiiviseso sagapayaravibhAga ittha sNgunnio| uvarimakhiiThiisahio icchiyapayarammi ukkosA // 238 // saMskRtameM eka isI prakArakA karaNasUtra tattvArthavAtikameM diyA hai jo ukta gAthAkI chAyA-sA jAna par3atA hai 'uparisthitevizeSaH svaprataravibhAjiteSTa-saMguNitaH / __ uparipRthivIsthitiyutaH sveSTapratarasthitimahatI ||'-(pR0 168) akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavAtikake tIsare adhyAyameM aura bhI isa prakArake pramANa uddhRta kiye haiM jo prAkRta gAthAoMkI chAyArUpa jAna par3ate haiM, kintu unake mUlakA patA nahIM cltaa| saMbhava hai ukta saMskRta chAyA bhI usI grantha para se saMgRhIta kI gaI hoM, jisa parase anya pramANa saMskRta chAyA rUpameM saMkalita kiye gaye haiN| isa taraha saMgrahaNImeM bahuta-sI gAthAe~ granthakAroMse saMgRhIta kI gaI hai| isIse usakI racanA utanI susambaddha aura sugaThita pratIta nahIM hotii| nemicandrakRta trilokasAra gommaTasArake racayitA AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI hI trilokasAra nAmaka granthake racayitA haiM / gommaTasArakI taraha trilokasArakI antima gAthAmeM bhI unhoMne apaneko abhayanandikA vatsya ( ziSya ) batalAyA hai| tathA usIkI taraha prathama maMgalagAthAmeM nemicandrako namaskAra kiyA hai| nemicandra gaMgavazI nareza rAcamallake senApati aura maMtrI cAmuNDarAyake samakAlIna the| cAmuNDarAya ke lie hI unhoMne gommaTasArakI racanA kI thii| trilokasArakI prathama gAthAmeM nemicandrakA vizeSaNa 'valagovinda siMhAmaNi kiraNakalAvaruNacaraNaNaha kiraNaM' diyA hai| jisakA sArAMza yaha hai ki baladeva aura govinda ( kRSNa ) neminAtha tIrthaMkarako namaskAra karate the| kintu TIkAkAra mAdhavacandra ne, jo nemicandrake ziSya aura unake samakAlIna the, ukta gAthAkA eka vyAkhyAna yaha bhI kiyA hai ki cAmuNDarAya apane guru nemicandrA1. saMskRta TIkAke sAtha trilokasAra mANikacandra granthamAlA bambaIse aura paM0 ToDaramala racita DhuDhArI bhASAmeM likhI huI TIkAke sAtha hindI jaina sAhitya prasAraka kAryAlaya bambaI se prakAzita huA hai| 2. 'idi NemicaMdamuNiNA appasudeNabhayaNaMdivaccheNa / raiyo tiloyasAro khamaMtu taM bahusudAiriyA ||1018||-tri0 sA0 / 3. 'vimalatarazca sa cAso nemicandrAcAryazca vimalatara nemicandrastaM namasyAmIti cAmuNDarAyaH svagurunamaskArapUrvakaM zAstramidaM prArabhate / "" / balazcAmuNDarAyaH gAM pRthvI viMdati pAlayatIti goviMdo rAcamalladevaH / / -tri0 sA0 TI0, gA0 1 /

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70 : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa cAryako namaskAra karake isa zAstrakA prArambha karate haiM aura unhoMne 'bala' kA artha cAmuNDarAya aura 'govinda' kA artha rAcamalladeva kiyA hai / ye donoM nemicandrAcArya ko namaskAra karate the / isa vyAkhyAse yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki trilokasArake kartA gommaTasArake kartAse abhinna haiM / tathA trilokasArakI racanAyeM mAdhavacandrakI taraha cAmuNDarAyakA bhI sahayoga rahA hai / mAdhavacandra kevala TIkAkAra hI nahIM the, unake dvArA racita kucha gAthAe~ bhI trilokasArameM yatra tatra pAI jAtI haiM / unhoMne apanI prazasti meM eka gAthAke' dvArA isa bAtakA nirdeza kiyA hai ki guru nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIko sammata kucha gAthAe~ yatra tatra mAdhavacandrane bhI racI haiM / aura guru nemicandrAcAryane bhI gAthAmeM mAhavacaMduddhariyA' likhakara apane ziSya mAdhavacandrake kRtitvako svIkAra kiyA hai / isa taraha trilokasAra sahakAra paddhati para racita eka suprasiddha grantha hai aura isakI racanA vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIke madhya meM huI hai / isameM samasta gAthAe~ 1018 haiM / aura lokasAmAnya, bhAvanaloka, vyantaraloka, jyotirloka, vaimAnika loka aura naratiryagaloka nAmake chaha adhikAra haiM / granthakArane dUsarI gAthAmeM jinabhavanoMko namaskAra karaneke vyAjase lokasAmAnya ko chor3akara zeSa adhikAroMkA nirdeza 'bhavaNa-vvitara - joisi - vimANaNaratiriyaloya jiNabhavaNe' ke dvArA kara diyA hai / isI taraha ina adhikAroMke AdimeM maMgalagAthAke dvArA usa usa loka meM sthita jina bhavanoMko namaskAra kiyA hai / isake AdhArabhUta grantha kauna haiM, isakA koI saMketa granthakArane nahIM kiyA hai / tathApi tiloyapaNNatti aura lokavibhAga jaise prAcIna grantha isake AdhAra hone cAhiye / jaise tiloyapaNNatimeM tInoM lokoM kA vistRta varNana hai usI prakAra isameM bhI varNana hai / ti0 pa0 kI taraha isakA bhI prathama adhikAra lokasAmAnya hai usIke antameM nAraka lokakA varNana hai / kintu ti0 pa0 meM isake liye eka pRthaka adhikAra hai jisakA nambara dUsarA hai / loka sAmAnya adhikArake pazcAt trilokasArameM bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI aura vaimAnika lokoMkA kramase varNana hai / antameM naratiryaglokAdhikAra hai kintu ti0 pa0 meM bhavanavAsI aura vyantara lokake madhyameM nara loka aura 1. 'guru-NemicaMdra sammada-kadivaya - gAhA tahi tahi raidA / mAhavacaMdativijjeNiNamaNusaraNijjamajjehiM // 1 // '

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 71 tiryagaloka nAmaka pRthak pRthak adhikAra haiN| phira jyotirloka aura devalokakA varNana hai| trilokasArameM vaimAnika lokake antameM siddhalokakA varNana hai| aura ti0 50 ke antameM siddhaloka nAmaka alaga adhikAra hai| isa taraha donoMke kramameM tathA adhikAra saMkhyAmeM antara hai| 1. ti0pa0 ke lokasAmAnya adhikArake prArambhameM lagabhaga 90 gAthAoMke dvArA jo maMgala nimitta AdikI carcA hai trilokasArameM usakA koI AbhAsa taka nahIM hai| ti0 pa0 ko 91vIM gAthAse lokasAmAnyakA kathana Arambha hotA hai jo isa prakAra hai jagaseDhighaNapamANo loyAyAso spNcdvvridii| esa aNaMtANaMtAloyAyAsassa bahumajbhe ||11||-ti0 50 1 / tadanusAra trilokasArakI tIsarI gAthAse usakA Arambha hotA hai jo isa prakAra hai savvAgAsamaNaMtaM tassa ya bahumajbhadesabhAgamhi / logo'saMkhapadeso jagaseDhighaNappamANo hu ||3||-tri0 sA0 / ti0 50 meM zreNike dhanapramANakA nirNaya karaneke liye palya sAgara Adi pramANoMkA kathana ( gAthA 1-93 Adi) kiyA hai| aura tri0 sA0 meM bhI usIkA nirNaya karaneke liye pramANoMkA kathana kiyA hai| kintu tri0 sA0' meM pramANoMkA kathana tattvArthavArtika ( pR0 206 ) ke anusAra kiyA hai| yathAbhAvake do bheda haiM laukika aura lokottara / laukika ke cha bheda haiM aura lokotarake cAra bheda haiN| dravya, kSetrakAla aura bhAva / dravya pramANake do bheda haiMsaMkhyA aura upamA Adi / saMkhyA pramANakA kathana karaneke pazcAt tri0 sA0 meM (gA0 53-92 ) caudaha dhArAoMkA kathana kiyA hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM-sarvadhArA, samadhArA, kRtidhArA, ghanadhArA, kRti mAtRkadhArA, dhanamAtRkadhArA, viSamadhArA, akRtidhArA, aghanadhArA, akRti mAtRkadhArA, adhana mAtRkadhArA, dvirUpa vargadhArA, dvirUpa ghanadhArA, dvirUpa ghanAghanadhArA / ina dhArAoMko saMkhyA pramANakA hI vizeSa bheda batalAyA hai / 1. mANaM duvihaM laugiga loguttarametya logigaM chaddhA / mANummANo mANe gaNi paDitappaDipamANamidi // 3 // 2. 'pramANaM dvivighaM laukika lokottara bhedAt / ... laukikaM Sor3hA mAnonmAnAvamAnagaNanA prtimaan|'

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72 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ___ ina dhArAoMkA kathana upalabdha sAhityameM anyatra dekhanemeM nahIM aataa| dhArAoMke kathanakA upasaMhAra karate hue tri0 sA0 meM likhA hai ki yahA~ vyavahAropayogI dhArAoMkA dizA mAtra darzana karAyA hai vistArase jAnanekI ruci rakhane vAle ziSya parikarmase jAna sakate haiM / yaha vahI parikarma hai jisake aneka ullekha dhavalA TIkAmeM milate haiM aura jise indranandine apane zru tAvatArameM SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para racA gayA batalAyA hai| nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIke sanmukha bhI vaha vartamAna thaa| ataH tri0 sA0 meM unhoMne usakA bhI upayoga kiyA hai yaha spaSTa hai / dhArAoMke pazcAt upamA pramANoMkA kathana hai| isa taraha eka sau bAraha gAthAoMke dvArA ukta pramANoMkA kathana karake tri0 sA0 meM lokakA varNana prArambha hotA hai / ti0 pa0 meM sAmAnyaloka, adholoka aura avalokameMse pratyekakA sAmAnya, do caturasra, yavamuraja, yavamadhya, mandara, dUSya aura girikaTakake AkAra rUpa citraNa karake kSetraphala nikAlA hai| kintu tri0 sA02 meM (gA0 115-117 ) kevala adholokakA hI ukta ATha bheda rUpase kathana kiyA hai aura UrdhvalokakA kathana ( gA0 11-120) sAmAnya, pratyeka, ardha, stambha, aura pinaSTike rUpameM pA~ca prakArase kiyA hai| tiloyapaNNattimeM yaha kathana nahIM hai| Age bAtavalayoMkA kSetraphala batalAyA gayA hai| isa taraha 142 gAthA taka loka sAmAnyakA kathana hai| Age adholokakA kathana karate hue nAraka lokakA kathana kiyA hai| usameM sAta pRthiviyoMmeM sthita nArakiyoMke bila, nArakiyoMkA utpAda sthAna, vikriyA, vedanA, Ayu, zarIrakI U~cAI, avadhi jJAnakA viSaya tathA gati AgatikA kathana hai| 2. dUsare bhAvanaloka adhikArameM bhavanavAsI devoMke bheda, unake indra, mukuToMmeM cihna, caityavRkSa, sAmAnika Adi devoMkA parivAra, Ayu, uchvAsa AhArAdikA kathana hai jo ti0 pa0 ke hI samAna hai| aneka gAthAoMmeM bhI samAnatA hai| 3. tIsare vyantara lokAdhikArameM vyantara devoMke bheda, unake zarIrakA varNa, 1. 'vavahAruvajoggANaM dhArANaM darisidaM disAmettaM / vittharado vitthararuisissA jANaMtu pariyamme ||91||'-tri0 sA0 / 2. 'sAmaNNaM do Ayada javamura javamajjha maMdaraM dUsaM / girigaDageNaki jANaha aTTaviyappo adholoko ||115||-tri. sA.

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 73 caityavRkSa, vyantaroMke avAntara bheda, indroM ke nAma, parivAra deva, Ayu AdikA kathana hai| 4. cauthe jyotirloka adhikArameM pahale jyotiSI devoMke pAMca bheda batalAye haiM phira cUMki dvIpa samudroMkA kathana kiye binA jyotiSI devoMkA kathana nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki ve saba dvIpa-samudroMke Upara phaile hue hai, ataH Adi aura antake solaha-solaha dvIpoM aura solaha solaha samudroMke nAma ginAye haiM, aura unake sUcI vyAsa tathA valaya vyAsakA kathana karate hue sUcI Anayana tathA paridhi aura kSetraphala lAneke liye karaNasUtra batalAye haiN| sAtha hI samudroMke jalakA svAda, unameM jalacaroMkA bhAvAbhAva, svayaMbhuramaNa dvIpake bAhya bhAgameM pAye jAne vAle trasajIvoMkI utkRSTa avagAhanA AdikA kathana kiyA hai / ti0 pa0 meM yaha saba kathana pA~caveM tiryagloka adhikArake prArambhameM kiyA gayA hai| cUki tri0 sA0 meM isa nAmakA koI svataMtra adhikAra nahIM hai isaliye prasaMgavaza jyotilokAdhikArake AdimeM hI Avazyaka bAtoMkA kathana kara diyA hai| isa prAsaMgika kathanake pazcAt bhUmitalase tArA AdikI U~cAI batalAI hai jo ti0 pa0 ke hI samAna hai| Age jyotivimAnoMkA svarUpa, rAhu aura ariSTa grahoMke vimAnakA vyAsa tathA unakA kArya, candramA AdikI kiraNoMkA pramANa, candramaNDalakI hAni vRddhi, jambUdvIpase lekara puSkarAdha paryanta candramA aura sUryokI saMkhyA, mAnuSottarase pare candramA aura sUryake avasthAnakA krama, asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudroMke Upara sthita candra aura sUrya AdikI saMkhyA nikAlanekI vidhi, aThAsI grahoMke nAma, tArAoMkI saMkhyA, candra aura sUryakA cAra kSetra, dina rAtakI hAni vRddhi, dakSiNAyana, uttarAyaNa, tApa aura tamakI hAni vRddhi, nakSatra bhukti, adhika mAsakI utpatti, viSupa, nakSatroMke nAmAdi tathA jyotiSka devoM aura deviyoMkI AyukA kathana hai| 5. pAMcave vaimAnika lokAdhikArameM kalpa aura kalpAtIta vimAnoMko batalAkara solaha svargoM meM vimAnoMkI saMkhyA, indraka vimAnoMkA pramANAdi, zreNibaddha vimAnoMkA avasthAna, dakSiNendroM aura uttarendroMkA nivAsa, sAmAnika Adi devoMkI saMkhyA, kalpoMmeM striyoMke utpatti sthAna, pravIcAra, vikriyA, avadhijJAnakA viSaya, janma maraNakA antarakAla, indrAdikA utkRSTa viraha kAla, Ayu, laukAntika devoMkA svarUpAdi, devAgaMnAoMkI Ayu, uchvAsa va AhAra grahaNakA kAla, gati-Agati, AdikA kathana hai| cUMki vaimAnika lokase Upara hI siddha jIvoMkA sthAna hai ataH unakA kathana bhI isI adhikArake antameM kara diyA gayA hai| ti0 10 meM siddhoMkA kathana eka pRthak adhikArameM kiyA gayA hai|

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74 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 6. chaThe nara tiryaglokAdhikArameM pahale jambUdvIpake bharatAdi kSetroM, himavAna Adi parvatoM, una para sthita pana Adi hRdoM, unase nikalane vAlI gaMgA sindhu Adi nadiyoM, meru parvata va usake bhadrazAla Adi vanoMkA kathana hai| Age jambU vRkSa, bhogabhUmi aura karma bhUmiyA~, diggaja parvata, tathA videha dezoMkA varNana hai| cUMki videhastha dezoMmeM sadA tIrthakara, cakravartI, ardhacakrI Adi rahate haiM ataH unakI saMkhyA batalAkara cakravartIkI sampatti tathA rAjA adhirAjA AdikA lakSaNa batalAyA hai / Age dhAtakI khaNDa aura puSkarArdhameM sthita meruoMke vyAsAdikA kathana hai| aura karaNa sUtroMke dvArA bharatAdi kSetroMkA dhanuH, vANa, jIvA Adi nikAlanekI vidhi tathA sthUla va sUkSma kSetraphala nikAla kara batalAyA hai| ___ gAthA 709 se bharata aura airAvata kSetrameM chaha kAloM ke dvArA hone vAle parivartanakA vistArase kathana hai| usameM chahoM kAloMmeM jIvoMkI AyukA pramANa, manuSyoM ke zarIrakI U~cAI, zarIrakA raMga, AhArakA krama, bhogabhUmikA svarUpa, karma bhUmike pravezake ArambhameM honevAle caudaha kula karoMkA varNana, caturtha kAlameM utpanna hue saTha zalAkA puruSoMkA varNana hai| vesaTha zalAkA puruSoMke varNanase unake sambandhakI Avazyaka bAtoMkI jAnakArI ho jAtI hai| phira gAthA 850 se zaka rAjA aura kalki rAjAkI utpattikA samaya batalAyA hai ki vIra nirvANase 605 varSa 5 mAsa pazcAt zaka rAjA huA aura zaka rAjAse 394 varSa 7 mAsa bItane para kalkI huaa| tathA likhA hai ki pratyeka eka hajAra varSake pazcAt eka kalki hotA hai / cU~ki pAMcavA kAla ikkIsa hajAra varSakA hotA hai / ataH usameM ikkIsa kalki hote haiM / antima kalkike atyAcAroMke phalasvarUpa usake sAtha hI dharma, rAjA aura agnikA anta ho jAtA hai aura chaThe kAlakA praveza hotA hai vaha bhI ikkIsa hajArakA varSa hai| usake antameM pralayakAla hotA hai| viSalI agnikI varSAse saba jana naSTa ho jAte haiN| bahutase manuSya parvata AdikI kandarAoMmeM chipa jAte haiN| utsarpiNI kAlakA praveza hone para jaba suvarSAse pRthvIkI USmA zAnta hotI hai to parvatoMkI guphAoMmeM chipe manuSya unase nikalakara pRthvI para basane lagate haiM aura isa taraha punaH karma bhUmikA praveza hotA hai| usake ArambhameM punaH caudaha kulakara utpanna hote haiM jo janatAko jIvanopayogI zikSA dete haiN| tIsarA kAla Ane para punaH trasaTha zalAkA puruSa utpanna hote haiN| yaha saba kathana karaneke pazcAt lavaNa samudrakA varNana hai phira ghAtakI khaNDa aura puSkarAtrakA varNana hai| Age mAnuSottara, kuNDala parvata aura rucaka parvatakA kathana hai| Age nandIzvara dvIpameM sthita jinAlayoMkA varNana hai| isa taraha trilokasArameM tInoM lokoMkA sArabhUta kathana diyA gayA hai|

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bhUgola -khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 75 trilokasAra TIkA triloka sArake kartA nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIke ziSya mAdhavacandra vidya ne trilokasArakI saMskRta TIkA racI hai jo mUla granthake sAtha prakAzita ho cukI hai / TIkAkI antima prazastimeM mAdhavacandra traividya devane apaneko 'trilokasAra malaMkariSNu' trilokasArako alaMkRta karane vAlA likhA / unhoMne trilokasArako kevala apanI TIkAse hI alaMkRta nahIM kiyA kintu apane guru nemicandrake abhiprAyake anusAra kucha gAthAe~ bhI yatra tatra racakara trilokasArameM sammilita kI haiM / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mAdhavacandra acche gaNitajJa bhI the| kyoMki naratiryaglokAdhikArameM jo bharatAdi kSetroMke jIvA aura dhanuSakA pramANa karaNasUtroM ke dvArA Anayana karake batalAyA hai usameM mAdhava 9 aura candra 9 ke arthAt 19 ke vyAjase mAdhavacandrakA nAma dekara usa saba gaNitako mAdhavacandrake dvArA kathita batalAyA hai / cU~ki mAdhavacandra nemicandrAcAryake samakAlIna the aura triloka sArakI racanAmeM bhI unakA pUrA sahayoga thA ataH trilokasArakI racanAke sAtha hI athavA usake pazcAt hI usakI TIkAkA nirmANa unhoMne kiyA ho, yaha sambhava hai / nemicandrAcArya vikramakI gyAravIM sadIke pUrvArdha meM hue haiM / ataH unake sahayogI ziSyakA samaya bhI vahI samajhanA cAhiye / aura usI samayake lagabhaga TIkA racI gaI hogii| inakI anya kisI kRtikA patA nahI calatA / 'jaMbUdIpa paNNatti saMgaha ' jambUdvIpa paNNati saMgraha nAmaka grantha lokAnuyogakA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / isakI prastAvanAse jJAta hotA hai ki pratiyoM para isa granthakA nAma jambUdvIpa prajJapti aMkita pAyA jAtA hai / kintu uddezoMkI puSpikAoMke anumAra granthakA 1. 'taM trilokasAramalaMkariSNurmAdhavacandratraM vidyadevo api AtmIyamauddhatyaM pariharati -- 'guruNemicaMdasammadakadivayagAhA tarhi tahiM raidA / mAhavacaMda tivijjeNiNamaNusaraNijjamajjehi // 1 // - tri0 sA0 pR0 405 / 'jIvadu videhamajjhe lakkhA parihidalamevamavaraddha e / mAhavacaMduddhariyA guNadhammapasiddhasavvakalA / / 777 / / TI0 - ' prasiddhaH pUrvoktAH sarvAH kalA yojanAMzA aMkasaMjJayA mAdhavacandrAkena 19 uddhatA bhaktA: pakSe guNeSu dharme ca prasiddhAH sarvAH kalAH mAghavacandratra vidyezinoddhRtAH prakAzitAH / / 777 // - tri0sa0

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76 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa pUrA nAma jambUdIva paNNatti saMgaha (jambUdvIpa prajJapti saMgraha) hai| saMgraha zabdase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki granthakArane kisI anya prAcIna srota parase isakA saMkalana kiyA hai| __ AdhAra-graMthake terahaveM uddezake antameM graMthakArane likhA hai ki Urdhvaloka, agholoka, aura tiryaglokase sambaddha jambUdvIpa nibaddha zAstrakA viSaya parameSThIke dvArA bhASita hai ataH vaha pUrvAparadoSase rahita hai // 140 // parameSThIke dvArA upadiSTa arthako grahaNa kara gaNadharadevane use graMtha rUpameM athita kiyaa| AcArya paramparAse Agata usa samIcIna granthArthakA hI upasaMhAra karake yahAM saMkSepase likhA gayA hai // 142 // adhikAra-isameM teraha uddeza haiM-1. upodghAta, 2. bharata airAvata varSa, 3. parvata nadI bhogabhUmi, 4. mahAvidehAdhikAra, 5. mahAvidehAdhikArake antargata mandira aura jinabhavana varNana, 6. mahAvidehAdhikArake antargata devakuru-uttarakuru vinyAsa prastAra, 7. mahAvidehAdhikArake antargata kacchA vijaya varNana, 8. mahAvidehAdhikArake antargata pUrvavideha varNana, 9. apara videha varNana, 10. lavaNa samudra varNana, 11. dIpa-sAgara, narakagati, devagati siddha kSetra varNana, 12. jyotirloka varNana aura 13. pramANa bheda varNana / viSaya paricaya-prathama uddezameM kevala 74 gAthAeM haiN| sarva prathama chai gAthAoMse arhat siddha AcArya upAdhyAya aura sarva sAdhukI vandanA karake dvIpasAgara prajJapti racanekI pratijJA kI haiM / pazcAt gA0 7meM sarvajJa guNakI prAptikI prArthanA karake gA0 8meM vardhamAna jinendrako namaskAra karake zrutaguru paripATIko pathAkrama kahanekI pratijJA kI hai aura ( 9-17 ) nau gAthAoMmeM usakA kathana kiyA hai| yaha vahI guru paramparA hai jo tiloyapaNNatti, dhavalA, jayadhavalA, harivaMza purANa tathA indranandike zrutAvatArameM pAI jAtI haiN| yahA~ kevala gautama gaNadharase lekara lohAcArya paryanta aMga jJAniyoMkI nAmAvalI dI hai unakI kAla gaNanA nahIM dii| Age gA0 18meM sAgara dvIpa prajJaptiko saMkSepase kahanekI punaH pratijJA kI haiN| gA0 19se pratipAdya viSayakA Arambha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki paccIsa kor3A-kor3I uddhAra palya pramANa dvIpa sAgaroMke madhyameM eka lAkha pojana lambA caur3A aura sUrya maNDalakI taraha gola jambUdvIpa hai| Age jambUdvIpakI paridhi, usake nikAlanekI vidhi, jambUdvIpakA kSetraphala, jambUdvIpakI vedikAkA vistArAdi tathA jambUdvIpake antargata parvata nadI AdikI vedikAoMkA varNana hai| antameM nadI taTa, parvata, udyAna, bhavana, zAlmali vRkSa, jambUvRkSa Adike Upara sthita jina pratimAoMko namaskAra kiyA hai|

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bhUgola - khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 77 2. dUsare uddezameM 210 gAthAe~ haiM / isa uddezameM jambUdvIpake kSetra vibhAgakA varNana karate hue usameM bharatAdi sAta kSetra tathA unakA vibhAga karanevAle himavAn Adi che kulAcala batalAye haiM tathA unake vistArAdikA kathana kiyA hai / inake dhanuSa pRSTha, jIvA, cUlikA aura vANa AdikA pramANa lAneke lie gaNita sUtra bhI diye haiM / bharata aura airAvata kSetrake madhyameM sthita vijayArdha parvatakA bhI varNana hai / Age utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAlake bhedoMkA ullekha karake saba videha kSetroM, pA~ca mleccha khaNDoM aura saba vidyAdhara nagaroMmeM sadA caturthakAla vartamAna batalAyA hai aura bhogabhUmiyoMmeM prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya kAla batalAyA hai / prasaMgavaza ina kAloMmeM hone vAlI Ayu, zarIrakI U~cAI AdikA bhI kathana kiyA hai aura kauna jIva kina pariNAmoMse bhogabhUmiyoMmeM utpanna hotA hai yaha bhI batalAyA hai / , mAnuSottara parvatase Age antake svayaMbhUramaNa dvIpake madhya meM sthita nagendra parvata paryanta asaMkhyAta dvIpa samUdroMmeM bhogabhUmi kI sI sthiti rahatI hai aura vahA~ tiryaJca jIva hI rahate haiM, ityAdi rUpase sarvatra kAloMkA nirdeza karate hue antima chahoM kAloMkA svarUpa batalAyA hai / 3. tIsare uddezameM 246 gAthAe~ haiM / isameM jambUdvIpastha parvatoM, nadiyoM aura bhogabhUmiyoMkA varNana hai / 4. caturtha uddezameM 292 gAthAe~ haiM / isI uddezameM mukhya rUpase jambUdvIpastha videha kSetrake madhya meM sthita sumeru parvatake vistArAdikA tathA usa para sthita nandana Adi vanoMke vistArAdikA varNana hai / prArambhameM merukI sthiti batalAte hue lokake AkArAdikA varNana hai, jo kucha vicitra hai / yadyapi gAthA 10 se jo lokakA vistArAdi batalAyA hai vaha to sabhI granthoMmeM pAyA jAtA hai kintu gAthA 3se 9 taka jo kathana kiyA hai vaha anyatra nahIM milatA / yathA-- lokakI sthiti valabhIke AkAra haiM / vaha loka kula parvatake samAna haiM / adholokakA AkAra devacchandake sadRza, chajjAke sadRza, talagharake samAna athavA pakSIke paMkhake samAna haiM Adi / 5. pA~caveM uddezameM 125 gAthAe~ haiM / isameM meru parvata para sthita jinabhavanakA varNana hai / 6. chaTheM uddezameM 178 gAthAeM haiM / isameM devakuru aura uttarakuru kSetroMkA varNana hai / ina kSetroM meM yugala rUpase janma lenevAle strI-puruSa marakara niyamase svarga meM deva hote haiM /

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78 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 7. sAtaveM uddezameM 153 gAthAe~ haiN| isameM videha kSetrakA varNana hai| yaha niSadha aura nIla parvatake madhyameM sthita hai| isake bIcameM sumeru parvata aura usake cAroM ora cAra diggaja parvata haiN| inake kAraNa videha pUrva videha aura aparavidehake rUpameM do bhAgomeM vibhAjita hai| bIcameM sItA aura sItodA mahAnadiyoMke kAraNa pratyekake do bhAga ho gaye haiN| ina cAroM bhAgoMmeMse pratyeka bhAgameM 4 vakSAra parvata aura tIna vibhaMga nadiyA~ haiN| inake kAraNa pratyeka bhAga ke bhI ATha-ATha bhAga ho gaye haiN| ye 844-32 bhAga 32 videha kahe jAte haiN| pratyeka videha eka-eka cakravartIke adhIna rahatA hai ataH cakravartIkI vibhUti tathA vijaya yAtrAkA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| 8. AThaveM uddezameM 198 gAthAeM haiM / isameM pUrva videhakA varNana hai / 9. nauveM uddezameM 197 gAthAeM haiM / isameM apara videhakA varNana hai / 10. dasaveM uddezameM 102 gAthAeM haiN| isameM lavaNa samudrakA varNana hai| tadanusAra lavaNa samudrakI gaharAI vyAsa, pAtAloMkI avasthiti, jalakI hAni vRddhi, antarvIpa tathA antadvIpoMmeM basane vAle manuSyoMkA varNana hai / 11. gyArahaveM uddezameM 365 gAthAeM haiN| isameM dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpase lekara Ageke dvIpa samudroMkA tathA adholoka ( nArakaloka ) aura Urdhvaloka ( devaloka ) kA varNana hai| prArambhakI 82 gAthAoMmeM to kevala dhAtakI khaNDa aura puSkarAdha dvIpakA varNana hai| Age zeSa dvIpa samudroMmeMse Adi aura antake solaha solaha dvIpoM aura samudroMkA nAma mAtra ginAyA hai tathA kucha vizeSa bAtoMkA kathana kara diyA hai / gAthA 96 se 103 taka rajjUkI pranthikA jo prakSepaNa kiyA gayA hai vaha aspaSTa hai patA nahIM granthakArane ise kahA~se liyA hai / adholokakA varNana prArambha karanese pUrva gAthA 106-111 meM punaH lokakA varNana kiyA hai / Age nArakaloka aura devalokakA varNana hai| 12. bArahaveM uddezameM 113 gAthAeM haiN| isameM jyotirlokakA varNana hai| kintu vaha varNana candramAke vimAnase prArambha hotA hai| aura usIke kathanakI yahA~ pradhAnatA hai| prArambhakI sATha paiMsaTha gAthAoMmeM candrako lekara hI kathana hai| aisA anyatra nahIM pAyA jAtA / siddhAntake anusAra candra indra haiM zAyada isIse usake kathanako hI mukhyatA dI gaI hai| Age zeSa gAthAoMse sabhI jyotiSI devoMkA sAdhAraNa kathana kara diyA hai| bahuta sA Avazyaka kathana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| 13. terahaveM samuddezameM 176 gAthAe~ haiM / sarva prathama kAlake vyavahAra aura paramArtha rUpa do bhedoMko batalAkara samaya Avali Adi vyavahAra kAlake bhedoMkA

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 79 kathana kiyA hai| Age paramANukA svarUpa batalAkara utsedhAMgula, pramANAMgula aura AtmAMgulakA kathana hai / phira palya Adi pramANoMkA kathana hai| gA0 44 se sarvajJa kI siddhi kI gaI hai aura sarvajJake vacanako pramANa batalAyA hai / tathA pramANake pratyakSa parokSAdi bhedoMkA kathana karate hue mati jJAnake bhaMda prabhedoMkA tathA zrutajJAnakA kathana kiyA hai| tathA 'vaktAko pramANatAse vacanoMmeM praNANatA hotI hai' isa kathanake samarthanameM vaktA arahanta devakI vizeSatAoMkA varNana bahuta vistArase kiyA hai / ( gA0 84-137 ) / ukta kathanake sAtha hI jambUdvIpa paNNattikA kathana samApta ho jAtA hai aura usake pazcAt granthakArane apanI guru paramparA vagairahakA kathana kiyA hai / saMkSepameM yaha granthakA viSaya paricaya hai| tulanA tathA AdhAra jaisA prArambhameM kahA gayA hai ki granthakArane AcArya paramparAse Agata granthArtha kA upasaMhAra karake isa granthakI racanA kI hai| kintu yaha to sAmAnya kathana hai jo prAyaH granthakAroMke dvArA apane granthakA prAmANya batalAneke liye kiyA jAtA hai| granthakI anya granthoMke sAtha tulanA karanese prakaTa hotA hai ki granthakArane apane pUrvavartI aneka granthakAroMke granthoMkA upayoga isa granthameM kiyA hai jisakA khulAsA saMkSepameM isa prakAra hai-tiloyapaNNattise isakI racanA zailI bilkula milatI hai| jaise ti0 50 ke prArambhameM pAMca gAthAoMke dvArA pAMcoM parameSThiyoMkA smaraNa karake chaThI gAthAke dvArA ti0 pa0 ko kahanekI pratijJA kI gaI hai, vaise hI jambUdvIpa0ke prArambhameM pAMca gAthAoMke dvArA pAMcoM parameSThiyoMkA smaraNa karake chaThI gAthAke dvArA unheM namaskAra karate hue dvIpa sAgara paNNattiko kahanekI pratijJA kI gaI hai| antara kevala itanA hai ki ti0 50 meM pahale siddhoMkA smaraNa karake taba arahantoMko smaraNa kiyA hai aura jaM0DI0 pa0 meM pahale arahantoMko smaraNa karake taba siddhoMko smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / ti0 pa0 meM adhikArake antameM RSabha devako aura zeSa sAta adhikAroMke Adi tathA antameM kramase eka eka tIrthaGkarako namaskAra karate hue zeSa saba tIrthaGkaroMko antima adhikArameM namaskAra kiyA hai| jaM0 DI0 pa0 meM pahale uddezako chor3akara zeSa bAraha uddezoMke Adi aura antameM eka eka tIrthaGkarako kramame namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| jaM. dvI0 10 kI viSaya pratipAdana zailI bhI ti0 pa0 kI samAna hai| tathA ti0 50 kI bahutasI gAthAe~ yatkiJcit parivartanake sAtha jaM0 dvI0pa0 meM vartamAna haiN| udAharaNake liye ti0 pa0 ke prathama adhikArameM mAnakA kathana

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80 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa paramANuse prArambha kiyA gayA hai| jaM. dvI0 50 meM yahI kathana usake terahaveM adhikArameM kiyA gayA hai| ti0 pa0 meM sAta gAthAoMke dvArA *( gA0 95101 ) paramANukA svarUpa batalAyA hai| jaM. dvI0pa0 meM unameMse do gAthAeM hI lI gaI hai 'satyeNa sutikkheNaM chattu bhettuM ca jaM kirassakkaM / jalayalaNAdihiM NAsaM Na edi so hodi paramANu // 96 // aMtAdimajjhahINaM apadesaM iMdiehi Na hu gejjhaM / jaM davaM avibhattaM taM paramANu kahati jiNA ||98||-ti0 50 aMtAdimajjhahINaM apadesaM Neva iMdie NejhaM / jaM davvaM avibhAgI taM paramANu muNeyavbA // 16 // satyeNa sutikkheNa Na chetuM bhettaca jaM kira Na sakkaM / taM paramANu siddhA bhaNaMti Adi pamANeNa ||18||-jN0 dvI0pa0 ye donoM gAthAeM ti0 pa0 meM bhI granthAntaroMse lI gaI hai / jaM0 vI0pa0 meM bhI ye granthAntaroMse hI lI gaI jAna par3atI hai / inameMse 'satyeNa sutikkheNa' gAthA zvetAmbara sAhityameM bahutAyatase milatI hai| jyotiSkaraNDa (gA0 73) meM bhI yaha gAthA ja0 dvI0 pa0 ke anurUpa jyoMkI tyoM hai| ataH nIce AgekI anya gAthAeM dI jAtI hai paramANUhiM aNaMtANaMtehi bahuvihehi dvvehi| uvasaNNAsaNNo ttiya so khaMdo hodi NAmeNa // 102 // uvasaNNAsaNNo ttiya guNido aTTehi hodi NAmeNa / saNNAsaNNo tti tado du idi khaMdho pmaannttuN||103||-ti0 50 1 / x paramANuhiM ya NeyA NaMtANaMtehi melidehi tahA / osaNNAsaNNe ti ya khaMdho so hodi NAdavvo // 19 // aTehi tehiM diTThA osaNNAsaNNaehiM davvehiM / saNNAsaNNo ti tado khaMgho NAmeNa so hoi ||20||-jN0vii0p013 / ti0 pa0 meM bhagavAna mahAvIrake pazcAt hue aMga jJAniyoMkI paramparA dI gaI haiM usameM unakA kAlamAna bhI hai / jaM0 dvI0 50 ke ArambhameM kAlamAnako chor3a kara usI rUpameM paramparA dI gaI hai usakI kucha gAthAeM yahAM uddhRta kI jAtI hai gaMdI ya NaMdimitto vidiyo avarAjido taijjo ya / govaddhaNo cautyo paMcamao bhaddabAhutti // 5482 //

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bhUgola- khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 81 paMca ime purisavarA caudasapubvI jagammi vikkhAdA | te vArasa aMgadharA titthe sirivaDDhamANassa || 1483 / / - ti050 4 / X X X gaMdI ya dimitto avarAjida muNivaro mahAteo / govadvaNo mahappA mahAguNo bhaddabAhU ya // 12 // paMcede purisavarA caudasapuvvI havaMti NAyavvA / bArasa aMgadharA khalu vIrajiNidassa NAyavvA // 13 // - ja0dvI050 1 / isa tarahakI samAna gAthAe~ bahuta sI haiM / kintu jaM0 dvI0 pa0 kA pUrA viSaya varNana ti0 pa0 ke sarvathA anukUla nahIM hai / usameM aneka sthaloM para antara bhI hai / ti0 pa0 ( 1 - 104 ) meM ATha sannAsannoMkA eka truTireNu aura ATha truTireNuoMkA eka trasareNu batalAyA hai / kintu jaM0 dvI0 pa0 13 / 21 meM ATha sannAsannoMkA eka vyavahAra paramANu aura ATha vyavahAra paramANuoMkA eka trasareNu kahA hai / vyavahAra paramANu saMjJA kisI digambara paramparAke granthameM hamane nahIM dekhI / hA~ zvetAmbarIya paramparAke granthoMmeM milatI hai / anuyogadvAra sUtrameM do gAthAe~ isa prakAra haiM -- paramANu tasareNu rahareNu aggayaM ca bAlassa / likkhA jUA ya javo aTThaguNavivaDDhiyA kamaso // 99 // sattheNa sutikkheNavi chittu N bhettu ca jaM kira na sakkA / taM paramANu siddhA vayaMti AI pamANANaM // 100 // ye donoM gAthAe~ jaM0 dvI0 pa0 meM isa prakAra haiM sattheNa sutikkheNa yachettu N bhettu N ca jaM kira Na sakkaM / taM paramANu siddhA bhagati Adi pamANeNa // 18 // paramANu tasareNu rahareNu aggayaM ca bAlassa / likkhA jUvA ya jao aTThaguNavivaDDhidA kamaso ||22|| ye donoM gAthAe~ jyotiSkaraNDameM isI kramase haiM / ataH vahIMse lI gaI jAna par3atI haiM / aisI aneka gAthAeM hai jo donoM granthoMmeM samAna haiM / anuyogadvArasUtrameM anantAnanta vyavahAra paramANu pudgaloMkI eka utsannAsannA, ATha utsannAsannAoM kI eka sannAsannA aura ATha saNNAsaNNAoMkA eka urdhvareNu aura ATha urdhvareNuoMkA eka trasareNu batalAyA hai / tiloyapaNNatti tathA tattvArtha vArtikameM anantAnanta paramANuoMkI eka utsannAsannA Adi batalAye haiM / vahAM vyavahAra paramANu 6

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82 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kI koI carcA nahIM hai / kevala urdhvareNuke sthAnameM truTireNu hai| kintu jaM0 dvI0 pa0 meM truTireNuke sthAnameM vyavahAra paramANu hai| isa taraha ukta do gAthAoMko apanA kara bhI jaM. dvI0pa0 ke kartAne varNanameM ti0 50 aura tattvArtha vArtika kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| kevala truTireNuke sthAnameM vyavahAra paramANu saMjJAko sthAna diyA hai / kyoM aisA kiyA gayA hai yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| tiloyapaNNatti, tattvArthavArtika, vRhatsaMgrahaNI, harivaMza purANa, tathA jambUdvIpa paNNatti, ina sabhI granthoMmeM jambUdvIpameM 2, lavaNa samudrameM 4, dhAtakI khaNDameM 12, kAlodadhimeM 42 aura puSkarArdhameM 72 candramA aura utane hI sUrya batalAye hai| kintu manuSyalokase bAhara candrasUryokI saMkhyAke pramANameM matabheda hai / akalaMka devane tattvArthavAtikameM' vAhya puSkarAdhameM bhI 72 candra sUrya batalAye haiN| usase caugune puSkaravara samudra meM batalAye haiM aura Age dvIpasamudroMmeM dUne-dUne batalAye hai / vRhatsaMgrahaNImeM (gA0 65) eka gAthAke dvArA yaha batalAyA hai ki dhAtakIvaNDase lekara Ageke dvIpoM aura samudroMmeM candramAkI saMkhyA lAneke liye tigunA karake usameM pahaleke dvIpasamudroMkI saMkhyAko jor3a denese Ageke dvIpa athavA samudra meM candramAoMkI saMkhyA A jAtI hai| jaise dhAtakIkhaNDameM 12 candramA haiN| 12 x 336 / isameM jambUdvIpake 2 aura lavaNake 4 candramAoMko jor3anese 42 saMkhyA AtI hai| kAlodadhimeM 42 candra-sUrya haiN| 42 ko tigunA karake usameM pahale ke dvIpa samudroMkI saMkhyAkA pramANa jor3a denese puSkaravaradvIpake candra sUryakA pramANa 4243126 + 18 = 144 AtA hai / isameMse 72 candrasUrya Abhyantara puSkarArdhameM aura 72 bAhya puSkarArdhameM haiN| tattvArthavAtika aura harivaMza purANameM aisA hI batalAyA hai| harivaMza purANameM to saMgrahaNIkI gAthAkA karaNa sUtrake anusAra saMskRta rUpa bhI diyA hai| ja0 dvI0pa0 meM ti0pa0 kI hI taraha bAhya puSkarAke prathama valayameM 144 candramA batalAye haiM / tadanusAra puSkaravara samudra ke prathama valayameM usase dugane arthAt 288 hone caahiyeN| kintu ja0 dvI0pa0 meM 144 hI batalAye haiM aura Age 1. 'puSkarArdhe dvAsaptatiH sUryAH |......"baahye puSkarAdhaM ca jyotiSAmiyameva saMkhyA / tatazcartuguNAH puSkaravarode, tataH parA dviguNA dviguNA jyotiSAM saMkhyA avaseyA-ta0 vA0 pR0 120 2. 'dhAyaikhaNDappabhiI uddiTThA tiguNiyA bhave cNdaa| AillacaMda sahiA aNaM tarANaMtare khite ||61||-vR0 saM0 / 3. dhAtakyAdiSu candrArkAH krameNa triguNAH punaH / vyatikrAMtairyutAste syurvIpe ca jaladhau pare // 33 // ha. pu0 6 sa0 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 83 vAruNIvara dvIpake prathama valayameM 288 batalAye haiN| granthakArane yaha kathana kisa AdhArase kiyA hai, yaha kahanA zakya nahIM hai| tattvArthavAtikake anusAra bhI puSkaravara samudrameM 72 44 = 288 candrasUrya hote haiN| ___ aise granthakArase isa prakArako bhUlakI AzA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| astu / phira bhI yaha nirvivAda hai ki ti0 pa0 jambUdvIpapaNNattikA eka pramukha AdhAra bhUta grantha hai| isI taraha mUlAcAra graMthake. antima prakaraNa paryAptisaMgrahaNI kI bhI kaI eka gAthAe~ jambU dvI0pa0 ke uddeza 11, 12, 13 meM lI gaI haiN| trilokasAra' kI bhI kucha gAthAe~ ja0 dvI0pa0 ke sAtha AMzika rUpase mela khAtI haiM kintu unameM kvacit arthabheda bhI pAyA jAtA hai| donoM graMthoMkI kucha milatI huI gAthAeM upamA pramANase sambaddha haiN| jinase tri0 sA0 gA0 93 tathA ja0 dvI0 50 13 / 36 vIM gAthA to pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi ( 3238 ) meM uddhRta honese donoM graMthoMse prAcIna hai / Age sattamajammAvINaM sattadiNabhaMtarammi gahidehiM / / saNNaTuM saNNicidaM bharidaM vAlaggakoDIhiM // 94 ||-tri0 sA0 egAhi vIhi tIhi ya ukkassaM jAva sattarattANaM / saMNaddhaM saMNicidaM bharidaM bAlaggakoDIhiM // 37 // ja0 dvI0 50 13 / ina gAthAoMkA pUrvArdha bhinna hai kintu uttarArdha samAna hai| parantu zve0 paramparAke jyotiSkaraNDameM bhI yaha gAthA ja0 dvI0 50 se bahuta kucha samAnatA rakhatI huI isa prakArase pAI jAtI hai ekAhiya-vehiya-tehiyANa ukkosasattaratANaM / sammaTuM sanniciyaM bhariyaM bAlaggakoDINaM / / 79 // eka gAthA aisI bhI hai jo tri0sA0 (95) meM aura ja0vI0pa0 (13 // 35) meM samAnatAko liye hue pAI jAtI hai| anya bhI kucha gAthAeM pAThabheda aura mAnyatA bhedako liye donoM granthoM meM samAna rUpase milatI haiN| aura usa parase paha sambhAvanA kI jAtI hai ki ekane dUsareko dekhA ho| 1. ja0pa0 111137-138 tathA mUlAcA0 12175-76 / jaM0 10 11 // 139, 140, 141 tathA mUlA0 12 / 21, 109-110 Adi / 2. tri0 sA0 96 jaM0 pa0 4 / 34 / tri0 sA0 95, jaM0 50 13 // 35 / tri0 sA0 93, jaM0 10 13 // 36 / tri0 sA0 94, jaM0 10 13137 / tri. sA0 99-102 0 50 13338-41 Adi /

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84 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa racayitA tathA guru paramparA jaM0 dvI0 pa0 ke terahaveM uddeza ke antameM graMthakArane likhA hai ki jinamukhodbhUta paramAgamake upadezaka vikhyAta zrI vijaya guru haiN| unake pAsameM jinAgamako sunakara maiMne yahAM kucha uddezoMmeM manuSya kSetrake antargata 4 iSvAkAra, 5 mandara zala, 5 zAlmalivRkSa, 5 jaMbUvRkSa, 20 yamaka parvata, 20 nAbhigiri, 20 devAraNya, 30 bhoga bhUmiyA, 30 kulAcala, 40 diggajaparvata, 60 vibhaMga nadiyA~, 70 mahA nadiyA~, 30 padmadrahAdi, 100 vakSAra parvata, 170 vaitADhya parvata, 170 RSabha giri, 170 rAjadhAniyA~, 170 SaTkhaNDa, 450 kuNDa, aura 2250 toraNa ityAdi bahutase jJAtavya viSayoMkA kathana tathA inake atirikta manuSya lokameM aDhAI dvIpa, do samudra, AdikA tathA adholoka tiryagloka aura UvalokakA kathana zrI vijaya guruke prasAdase kiyA hai ( 146-153 gA0 ) / zrI mAghanandi guru zrata sAgarake pAragAmI vikhyAta haiN| unake ziSya sakalacandra guru hue| unake ziSya zrI nandi guru hue| unake nimitta yaha jambUdvIpa prajJapti likhI gaI hai| tathA eka vIra nandi nAmaka AcArya hue hai| unake ziSya balanandi guru hue / ve sUtrArthake marmajJa the| unake ziSya siddhAntake pAraMgata padmanandi nAmaka muni hue| zrI vijaya guruke pAsameM ativizuddha Agamako sunakara muni padmanandine isako saMkSepase likhA / ( 154-164 gA0 ) / jinazAsana vatsala zakti nAmaka bhUpAla vArA nagarakA zAsaka thaa| pracura puSkaraNiyoM va vApiyoMse saMyukta, bhavanoMse bhUSita, ati ramaNIya, nAnAjanoMse saMkIrNa, dhanadhAnyase vyApta, samyagdRSTi janoMke samUhase sahita, munigaNase maNDita, ramya aura jina bhavanoMse bhUSita pAriyAtra dezake antargata vArA nagarameM sthita hokara maiMne isa jambUdvIpa prajJaptiko saMkSepameM likhA hai| mujha alpajJase jo Agama viruddha likhA gayA ho usako vidvAn muni pravacana vatsalatAse zuddha kara leM ( gA0 165-170 ) / ukta kathanake anusAra granthakArakA nAma padmanandi thaa| unake gurukA nAma balanandi thaa| aura guruke gurukA nAma vIranandi thaa| graMthakAra padmanandine zAstrakA jJAna zrI vijaya guruse prApta kiyA thaa| aura isa granthakI racanA unhoMne mAghanandike praziSya tathA sakala candrake ziSya zrI nandike liye kI thii| tathA isa granthakI racanA vArA nagarameM huI thii| vArA nagara pariyAtra dezameM thA aura vahA~ zakti bhUpAla rAjya karate the| samaya vicAra granthakArane granthameM usake racanAkAlakA koI nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| aura na

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 85 apane saMgha, gaNa anvaya AdikA hI koI ullekha kiyaa| unakI guru paramparA bhI samayake viSayameM koI sahAyatA nahIM krtii| hemacandrane apane kozameM likhA hai-'uttaro vidhyAtpAriyAtraH / ' arthAt viMdhya parvatase uttarameM pAriyAtra hai / zrIyuta nAthUrAmajIne likhA hai ki yaha pAriyAtra zabda parvatavAcI aura pradezavAcI bhI hai| vindhyAcalakI parvatamAlAkA pazcima bhAga jo narmadA taTase zuru hokara khaMbhAta taka jAtA hai aura uttara bhAga jo alIkI parvata zreNI taka gayA hai, pAriyAtra kahalAtA hai| ataH pUrvokta bArA nagara isI bhUbhAgake antargata honA caahiye| rAjapUtAneke koTA nagarameM jo bArA nAmakA kasvA hai vahI bArA nagara hai kyoMki vaha pAriyAtra dezako sImAke bhItara hI AtA hai| nandi saMghakI paTTAvalIke anusAra bArAmeM bhaTTArakoMkI eka gaddI bhI rahI hai aura usameM vi0 saM0 1144 se 1206 takake 12 bhaTTArakoMke nAma bhI diye haiN| isase bhI jAna par3atA hai ki sambhavataH ye saba padmanandi yA mAghanandikI ziSya paramparAmeM hue hoNge| aura yahI bArA (koTA) jambUdvIpa prajJaptike nirmita honekA sthAna hogaa| ojhAjI likhita rAjapUtAnekA itihAsake anusAra guhilota vaMzake rAjA naravAhanakA putra zAlivAhana vi0 saM0 1030-35 ke lagabhaga mevAr3akA zAsaka thA jisakA uttarAdhikArI aura putra zakti kumAra thaa| premIjIkA anumAna hai ki isIke samayamai jambadvIpa paNNattikI racanA huI hai| isake rAjatva kAlake tIna zilAlekha aba taka mile haiM 1. vi0 saM0 1034 vaizAkha zuklA 1 kA ATa pura ( AhAr3a ) meM karnala TADako milaa| 2, AhAr3ake jaina mandirakI deva kulikA vAlA lekha / 3. AhAr3ake jaina mandirakI sIr3hImeM mAmUlI pattharake sthAna para lagA huA lekh| premIjIkA kahanA hai ki jaina mandiroMke lekhoMse vaha jina zAsana vatsala bhI mAlUma hotA hai / yadyapi vaha pAzupata matakA anuyAyI thaa| kintu jambUdvIpa paNNattikI racanAke samaya vaha AhAr3a ( mevAr3a ) kA nahIM, bArA nagarakA prabhu thA / muMjane vi0 saM0 1053 ke lagabhaga mevAr3akI rAjadhAnI AhAr3ako tor3A thA ataeva usake bAda hI kisI samaya zaktikumArakA nivAsa sthAna vArA huA hogA aura vahI jambUdvIpa paNNattikA racanA kAla hai / 1. 'jai0 sA0 i0' pR0 256-261 para 'padmanandikI jambU dvIpapaNNatti' zIrSaka lekh|

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86 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa jaina bhAratI bhavanase prakAzita pamanandi paJcaviMzatikAkI prastAvanAmeM paM0 gajAdhara lAlajIne likhA hai ki pUnA lAibrerIkI riporTa se patA lagA hai ki paanandi nAmake kaI AcArya ho gaye haiM unameM eka jambUdvIpa prajJaptike kartA haiM / dUsare pacanandine paJcaviMzatikA, caraNasAra prAkRta, dharmarasAyana prAkRta ye tIna grantha banAye haiN| inake samayAdikA kucha bhI patA nahIM lgtaa| tIsare karNakheTa grAmameM hue haiN| jinhoMne sugandha dazamI udyApanAdi banAye haiM / cauthe padmanandi kuNDapura nivAsI hue haiM jinhoMne cUlikA siddhAntakI vRtti nAmaka vyAkhyA 12000 zlokoMmeM banAI haiN| pAMcaveM vikrama saM0 1395meM hue haiM / chaThe padmanandi bhaTTAraka nAmase prasiddha hue haiN| jinakI banAI huI devapUjA, ratnatrayapUjA pUnAkI lAibrerI meM haiN| sAtave vikrama saM0 1362meM bhaTTAraka nAmase hue haiN| inakI laghu padmanandi saMjJA bhI hai / inake banAye hue yatyAcAra, ArAdhanA saMgraha, paramAtmaprakAzakI TIkA, nighaMTu ( vaidyaka) zrAvakAcAra, kalikuNDa pArzvanAthavidhAna, ananta kathA Adi grantha haiN| ___ inameM cauthe padmanandi to AcArya kundakunda pratIta hote haiN| kauNDakundapura ke nivAsI honeke kAraNa ve kundakunda nAmase khyAta hue / indranandike zru tAvatArake anusAra unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para parikarma nAmakA grantha racA thA aura usakA parimANa bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa thaa| yaha payanandi sabase prathama hue haiN| inakA samaya vikramakI tIsarI zatAbdIkA uttarAdha hai| zeSa padmanandiyoMkI ekatA athavA bhinnatA cintanIya hai / paM0 gajAdhara lAlajIne padmanandi paJcaviMzatikAke kartA ko hI jambUdvIpa prajJaptikA kartA honekI saMbhAvanA kI hai| kyoMki padmanandi paJcaviMzatikAmeM kartA pamanandine kaI sthAnoM para apane guru vIranandikA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA unhoMne isa granthameM RSabha stotra tathA jinendra stotrakI racanA prAkRtameM kI hai ataH ve prAkRta bhASAke bhI paMDita jAna par3ate haiN| kintu jambUdvIpa prajJaptike racayitA paanandike gurukA nAma balanandi aura guruke gurukA nAma vIranandi thaa| aisI sthitimeM guru balanandiko chor3a kara guruke guru vIranandiko hI smaraNa karanA unakI bhinnatAko hI prakaTa karatA hai| ___ kintu zrI jugalakizorajI mukhtArakA kahanA hai ki bhagavatI ArAdhanAkI vijayodayA TIkAke kartA zrIvijaya nAmake eka prasiddha AcArya hue haiM, jinakA dUsarA nAma aparAjita sUri hai| paM0 AzAdharajIne apanI mUlArAdhanA darpaNa nAmakI TIkAmeM jagaha jagaha unheM zrIvijayAcAryake nAmase ullekhita kiyA hai| 1. pu0 vA0 sU0 kI prastA0 pR0 66-67 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 87 zrIvijayane apanI ukta TIkA zrInandi gaNikI preraNAko pAkara likhI hai| idhara yaha jambUdvIpa prajJapti bhI eka zrInandiguruke nimitta likhI gaI hai| aura isake kartA padmanandine apane zAstra guruke rUpameM zrIvijayakA nAma khAsa taurase kaI bAra ullekhita kiyA hai| isase bahuta saMbhava hai ki donoM zrIvijaya eka hoM aura donoM granthoMke nimittabhUta zrInandi guru bhI eka hI hoN| zrIvijayane apane gurukA nAma baladeva sUri, pragurukA candranandi ( mahAkarma prakRtyAcArya ) sUcita kiyA hai aura padmanandi apane gurukA nAma balanandi aura pragurukA vIranandi likha rahe haiM / ho sakatA hai ki baladeva aura balanandikA vyaktitva bhI eka ho, aura isa taraha zrIvijaya aura padmanandi gurubhAI hoN| jinameM zrIvijaya jyeSTha aura padmanandi kaniSTha hoM aura isa taraha padmanandine zrIvijayakA usI tarahase guru rUpameM ullekha kiyA ho jisa taraha ki gommaTasArake kartA nemicandrane indranandi AdikA kiyA hai| Age mukhtAra sAhabane likhA hai ki yadi yaha kalpanA ThIka ho to phira yaha dekhanA cAhiye ki isa graMtha aura isake kartA padmanaMdikA kyA samaya ThIka ho sakatA hai ? caMdranandikA sabase purAnA ullekha zrIpuruSake dAnapatra athavA nAga maMDala tAmrapatra meM pAyA jAtA hai jo zrIpurake jinAlayake liye zaka saMvat 698 (vi0 saM0 833) meM likhA gayA hai aura jisameM caMdranandike eka ziSya kumAranandi aura kumAranandike ziSya kIrtinandi aura kIrtinandike ziSya vimalacaMdrakA ullekha hai aura isase caMdranandikA samaya zaka saM0 638 se kucha pahalekA jAna par3atA hai / bahuta saMbhava hai ki zrIvijaya inhIM caMdranandike praziSya ho / yadi aisA hai to zrIvijayakA samaya zaka sambat 658 ke lagabhaga prArambha hotA hai| aura taba jambUdvIpa prajJapti tathA usake kartA padmanandikA samaya zaka saM0 670 arthAt vi0 saM0 805 ke AsapAsa honA cAhiye / usa samaya pAriyAtra dezake aMtargata vArA nagarakA svAmI koI zakti yA zAMti nAmakA bhUpAla rAjA huA hogA, jisakA itihAsase patA calAnA cAhiye / ' aMtameM mukhtAra sA ne likhA hai ki kucha bhI ho, yaha graMtha apane sAhityAdi parase kAphI prAcIna mAlUma hotA hai| mukhtAra sA0 ne zrIvijaya apara nAma aparAjita sUrike sAtha padmanandike vidyAguru zrIvijayakI ekatAko mAnakara Age jo eka rUpatAe~ sthApita kI haiM mukhtAra sA0 ke kathanAnusAra hI ve saba kalpanA para hI AdhRta hai; kyoMki jambUdvIpa paNNattike racayitAne jisake lie zAstra racA, usakI guruparamparA alaga dI hai aura apanI guruparamparA alaga dI hai aura unakA parasparameM koI sambandha nahIM batalAyA hai| tathA jisa zrIvijaya guruke pAsameM unhoMne

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88 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa zAstrAdhyayana myA, unako donoMmeMse kisIse bhI sambaddha nahIM batalAyA hai| yadi balanandi aura baladeva eka hI vyakti hote aura zrIvijaya unake ziSya honeke nAte padmanandike gurubhAI hote to vaha zrIvijaya guruke sAtha apane isa sambandhakA kucha-na-kucha nirdeza avazya karate, jaisA ki nemicandrAcAryane indranandike viSayameM kiyA hai / phira usa samayameM vArA nagarake zakti bhUpAlakA bhI koI astitva kahIMse jJAta nahIM hotaa| usase premIjIkA anumAna adhika samucita pratIta hotA hai| yadyapi usa kAlameM padmanandi nAmake kisI AcAryakA aura unake dvArA ullikhita AcAryoMkA koI patA nahIM calatA hai / kintu ja0vI0 paNNatti graMthake uddharaNa eka saMskRta lokavibhAgako chor3akara anya kisI graMthameM nahIM milte| uddharaNoMke lie Akara rUpa dhavalATIkAmeM usakA eka bhI uddharaNa nahIM hai| phira usameM ( 4 / 17 ) spaSTa rUpase lokako dakSiNa-uttara sAta rAjU likhA hai| isake vyavasthApaka dhavalATIkAkAra vIrasena svayaM apaneko batalAte haiN| yadi jambUdvIpa paNNatti unake sAmane hotI to vaha aisA nahIM likhate, pramANarUpase usakA nirdeza karate / ataH jambUdvIpa paNNatti dhavalATIkAke pazcAt hI likhI gaI honI cAhiye / premIjIke pramANAnusAra vi0saM0ke gyArahavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdhameM ja0vI0pa0 racI gaI hogii| isase vaha tri0sA ke pazcAt kI ThaharatI hai| jaldvI0pa0kI sabase prAcIna upalabdha prati vi0saM0 1518kI likhI huI milatI hai| usI samayake lagabhaga race gaye saMskRta lokavibhAgameM bhI usakA ullekha hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki usakI racanA usase pUrva ho cukI thii| saMskRta loka vibhAga jaisA ki prAkRta loka vibhAgake sambandhase isake viSayameM pahale likhA gayA hai yaha loka vibhAga saMskRtake anuSTupa zlokoM meM hai| yaha sarvanandi munike dvArA racita prAkRta lokavibhAgakI bhASAkA parivartana karake siMha sUrike dvArA racA gayA hai| isameM gyAraha prakaraNa haiN| 1. pahale jambUdvIpa vibhAgameM jambUdvIpakA vistAra, chaha kulAcala, videha, vijaya, vijayA, meru, bhadrazAla Adi vanoMkA kathana hai| 2. dUsare lavaNa samudra vibhAgameM lavaNa samudrakA vistAra, usake madhyameM sthita pAtAla, jalakI hAni vRddhi tathA antarvIpaja manuSyoMkA kathana hai| 3. tIsare mAnuSa kSetra vibhAgameM dhAtakI khaNDa aura puSkarArgha dvIpoMkA tathA kAlodaka samudrakA varNana hai| 4. cauthe dvIpa samudra vibhAgameM Adi tathA antake 16, 16 dvIpa samudroMkA

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bhUgola - khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 89 nAmollekha karake rAjuke ardhacchedoMke patanakA tathA dvIpa samudroMke adhipati vyantara devoMke nAmoMkA kathana kiyA hai / pazcAt nandIzvara dvIpake vistAra, paridhi usameM sthita aMjanagiri, dadhimukha, aura ratikara parvatoMkA tathA indroMke dvArA kiye jAne vAle jinapUjA vidhAnakA kathana hai / Age aruNavara dvIpa aura aruNavara samudrakA nirdeza karake kuNDaladvIpameM sthita kuNDala giri tathA rucakavara dvIpameM sthita rucaka parvata para sthita kUToM aura unapara basane vAlI dikkumArikAoMke kAryoMkA kathana hai / 5. pAMcaveM kAla vibhAgameM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAloMke suSama suSamAdi vibhAgoMkA, avasarpiNIke prathama tIna kAloMmeM hone vAle manuSyoMkI Ayu zarIrotsedha AdikA, daza prakArake kalpavRkSoMkA, karma bhUmike prArambhameM utpanna hone vAle kulakaroMke kAryoMkA tathA bhogabhUmikA anta va karmabhUmi ke pravezakA, tIrthaGkaroM kI utpattikA, pAMcaveM aura chaThe kAlakI vizeSatAoMkA va avasarpiNI kAlake anta aura utsarpiNI kAlake pravezakA kathana hai / isa prakaraNameM granthakArane Adi purANake zlokoMkA khUba upayoga kiyA hai / prArambhameM lagabhaga 40-45 zlokoMke pazcAt 'uktaM cArSe' kahakara tIsare kAlake antameM utpanna hone vAle pratizra uti Adi kulakaroMkA varNana karate hue jo zloka diye gaye haiM, ve Adi purANake tIsare parva meM vartamAna haiM / yahA~ 14 kulakaroMkI AyukA pramANa kramase palyakA dasavAM bhAga, amama, aTaTa, truTita, kamala, nalina, padma, padmAMga, kumuda, kumudAMga, nayuta, nayutAMga, pUrva aura pUrvakoTi batalAyA hai / tiloya paNNatti ( 4, 502 - 503 gA0 ) meM isa matakA ullekha 'keI' karake kiyA gayA hai / bhogabhUmijoMkI yauvana prAptimeM yahA~ 21 dinakA kAla pramANa batalAyA hai parantu tiloyapaNNatti meM ( 4, 379 - 380, 399 - 400, 407 ) uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya bhogabhUmiyoMke anusAra yovana prAptikA kAla kramase, 21 dina, 35 dina aura 49 dina batalAyA hai / 6. chaThe jyotirloka vibhAgameM jyotiSI devoMke bheda, unakA nivAsa sthAna, vimAnoMkA vistAra, saMcArakrama, jambUdvIpAdimeM candra saMkhyA, meruse sUrya aura candrakA antara pramANa, candra aura sUryokI muhUrtagati dina rAtrikA pramANa, tApa tamakI paridhiyAM, cAra kSetra, adhika mAsa, dakSiNa-uttara ayana, viSupa, candrakI hAni vRddhi, grahAdikA AkAra, kRttikAdi nakSatroMkA saMcAra, sUryakA udaya va asta, tArAoMkA pramANa, candra AdikI Ayu tathA deviyoMkI saMkhyA AdikA kathana hai / 7. sAtaveM bhavanavAsiloka vibhAgameM prathama ratnaprabhA pRthivIke vibhAgoMkA

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90 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa nirdeza karake bhavanavAsI devoMke bhavanoMkI saMkhyA, jina bhavana, indroMke nAma, unake bhavana, parivAra, Ayu, ucchvAsa tathA AhArakA pramANa vagairahakA kathana hai / 8. AThaveM adholoka vibhAgameM ratna prabhA Adi sAta pathiviyoMkA bAhulya, pRthiviyoMmeM prastAroMkI saMkhyA, zreNI baddha aura prakIrNaka biloMkI saMkhyA, unakA vistAra, antara, prathama zreNIvaddha viloMke nAma, nArakiyoMke zarIrakI U~cAI, Ayu, AhAra, avadhi jJAnakA viSaya, vedanA, janma maraNakA antara, gati-Agati, vikriyA AdikA kathana hai / 9. nauveM vyantara loka vibhAgameM pahale vyantaroMke tIna bheda batalAye haiMaupapAtika, adhyuSita, aura Abhiyogya / phira vyantaroMke tIna prakArake nivAsa sthAna batalAye haiM bhavana, AvAsa aura bhavanapura / phira vyantaroMke ATha bhedoMko batalAkara pratyekake avAntara bheda, indra, Ayu parivAra AdikA kathana kiyA hai / 10. dasaveM Urdhva loka vibhAgameM sabase prathama bhAvana, vyantara, nIcopapAttika, digvAsI, antaravAsI, kUSmANDa, utpannaka, anutpannaka, pramANaka, gandhika, mahAgandha, bhujaga, prItika, AkAzotpanna, jyotiSI, vaimAnika aura siddhoMkI krama se Upara-Upara sthiti batalAkara unakI AyukA kathana kiyA hai| pazcAt 12 kalpoMkA va kalpAtItoMkA kathana karake pratyeka kalpake indraka aura zreNIbaddha vimAnoMkA tathA 16 kalpoMke matAnusAra vimAnoMkI saMkhyA, bAhulya, varNa, devoMmeM pravIcAra, zarIrakI UMcAI, lezyA, vikriyA AdikA aura laukAntika devoMkA kathana kiyA hai| 11. gyArahaveM mokSa vibhAgameM AThavIM pRthivIkA vistAra Adi batalA kara siddhoMkI avagAhanAkA kathana kiyA hai / phira siddhoM kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| ___ loka vibhAgake antameM granthakA parimANa anuSTupa zlokoMmeM 1526 batalAyA hai| parantu upalabdha loka vibhAgameM 2230 zloka haiN| arthAt 704 zloka adhika haiN| zrI jugulakizorajI mukhtAra ke lekhAnusAra isa granthameM 100 se adhika gAthAe~ to tiloyapaNNatti kI hai, 200 se adhika zloka bhagavajjinasenAcAryake AdipurANase liye gaye haiN| zeSa padya trilokasAra, jambUdvIpa prajJapti Adise uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| racayitAkA samaya isa granthake racayitAne apanA nAma siMhasUra RSi batalAyA hai| apane gurvAdike sambandhameM tathA racanAkAlake sambandhameM unhoMne kucha bhI nahIM likhA 1. pu0 vA0 sU0, prastA0, pR0 32-33 /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 91 hai / mukhtAra sAhabane likhA hai ki isa granthameM bhASAke parivartana aura dUsare granthoM se kucha padyoMke 'uktaMca' rUpase uddharaNake sivAya siMhasUrakI prAyaH aura kucha bhI kRti nahIM mAlUma hotii| bahuta sambhava hai ki 'uktaM ca' rUpase jo yaha padyoMkA saMgraha pAyA jAtA hai vaha svayaM siMhasUra munike dvArA na kiyA gayA ho, balki bAdako kisI dUsare hI vidvAnake dvArA apane tathA dUsaroMke vizeSa upayogake liye kiyA gayA ho; kyoMki RSi siMhasUra jaba eka prAkRta granthakA saMskRtameMmAtra bhASAke parivartana rUpase hI anuvAda karane baiThe-vyAkhyAna nahIM, taba unake liye yaha saMbhAvanA bahuta hI kama jAna par3atI hai ki ve dUsare prAkRta granthoM parase tulanAke liye kucha vAkyoMko svayaM uddhRta karake unheM granthakA aMga bnaaeN| yadi kisI taraha unhIMke dvArA yaha uddharaNa kArya siddha kiyA jA sake to kahanA hogA ki ve vikramakI 11vIM zatAbdIke antameM athavA usake bAda hue haiM kyoMki isameM AcArya nemicandrake trilokasArakI bhI gAthAeM 'uktaM ca trailokyasAre' jaise vAkyake sAtha uddhRta pAI jAtI haiN|' _ 'uktaM cArSe' 'uktaM ca trailokyasAre' jaise vAkyoMke sAtha padyoMkA uddharaNa jisa taraha yathAsthAna pAyA jAtA hai, usase yaha kArya siMhasUrakA hI pratIta hotA hai jo unake karaNAnuyoga viSayaka bahuzru tatvakA tathA saMgrahapremakA hI paricAyaka hai| ataH trilokasAra aura jambUdvIpapaNNatike pazcAt hI isa granthakA nirmANa honA bahuta adhika sambhava hai| siMhasUrake sAtha prayukta RSi vizeSaNase bhI usIkA samarthana hotA hai| isa viSayameM zrI nAthUrAma jI premIkI saMbhAvanA adhika ucita pratIta hotI hai| premIjIne likhA hai-'pichale bhaTTAraka zAyada apanI maThAdhIza mahantoM jaisI rahana-sahanake kAraNa apaneko munike badale RSi likhanA pasanda karane lage the| dAna zAsana nAmakA grantha vi0 saM0 1478 kA banA huA hai| usakI anta prazastimeM vAkya hai-'zrI vAsupUjyaSiNA proktaM pAvana dAnazAsanamidaM' / arthAt vAsupUjya RSikA kahA huA yaha pavitra dAna zAsana / isI taraha zrutasAgarane apanA yazodharacarita jina bhaTTArakoMkI preraNAse likhA hai unameMse bhaTTAraka ratnarAjako bhI RSi likhA hai| garaja yaha ki siMhasUrake sAtha jo 'RSi' lagA humA hai vaha yahI batalAtA hai ki ve bhaTTAraka the' / kintu zrI premIjIne jo siMhasUrako saMkSipta nAma vatalAkara pUrA nAma siMhanandi yA siMhakIrti honekI saMbhAvanA kI hai vaha ucita nahIM mAlUma hotI / "siMhasUra' nAma apane ApameM pUrA pratIta hotA hai / yadyapi siMhasUra nAmake kisI bhaTTArakakA koI ullekha nahIM milatA jaba ki siMha nandi aura siMha kIrti

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92 : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa nAmake bhaTTArakoMkA ullekha milatA hai / zAyada isIse premIjI ne siMhasUra nAmako saMkSipta mAnakara pUrA nAma siMhanandi yA siMhakIrti honekI saMbhAvanA kI hai aura unakA samaya 15vIM 16vIM zatAbdI anumAna kiyA hai / zrI premIjIne likhA hai ki sva0 seTha mANika canda jIke caupATIke maMdira - meM lokavibhAgakI jo hasta likhita prati hai vaha bhaTTAraka bhuvanakIrtike ziSya jJAnabhUSaNakI likhI huI hai / jJAna bhUSaNake ziSya aura bhuvanakIrtike praziSya vijayakIrtike vi0 saM0 1557 aura 1561 ke do mUrti lekha upalabdha haiM / isase pahaleke vi0 saM0 1534, 35, 36 ke mUrtilekhoMmeM bhaTTAraka jJAna bhUSaNakA nAma hai / ataH bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa vikramakI 16vIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdhameM avazya vartamAna ye / usase pahale saMskRta lokavibhAga racA jA cukA thA / ataH vikramakI gyAravIM zatAbdIke pazcAt aura 16vIM zatAbdIse pUrva usakI racanA huI hai / pravacana' sAroddhAra : pravacana sAroddhAra zvetAmbarIya sAhityameM eka pratiSThita grantha mAnA jAtA hai / isameM 276 dvAra aura 1599 prAkRta gAthAeM haiM / jaisA isake nAmase prakaTa hai yaha eka saMgrAhaka graMtha hai / granthakArane isameM aneka viSayoMkA saMgraha kiyA hai / isake dvAra 158 meM patyopamakA, 159 meM sAgaropamakA, dvA0 160 avasarpiNI kAlakA aura 161 meM utsarpiNI kAlakA kathana hai / isameM palyake tIna bheda kiye haiM-uddhAra palya, addhA palya aura kSetra palya / tathA bAdara aura sUkSmake bhedase pratyeka palyake do do bheda kiye haiM / digambara sAhitya meM tathA zve0 jotiSkaraNDameM ye bheda nahI pAye jAte / hA~, anuyoga dvAra sUtrameM pAye jAte haiM / dvAra 163 meM pandraha karma bhUmiyoMko, dvA0 164 meM tIsa akarma bhUmiyoMko ginAyA hai / dvAra 172 se 184 taka nArakiyoMke AvAsa, Ayu, lezyA, avadhi jJAna, janma maraNakA antara vagairahakA kathana hai / dvAra 181 meM sAtavIM pRthivIse nikala karake nArakI jIva tiryaJcoM meM utpanna hotA hai, yaha batalAneke liye AI do gAthAe~ isa prakAra haiM TTiyAu saMtA neraiyA tamatamAo puDhavIo / na lahaMti mANusattaM tirikkhajoNi uvaNamaMti / / 1089 / / 1. siddhasenasUri kRta vRttike sAtha yaha grantha do bhAgoM meM seTha devacanda lAlacanda jaina pustakoddhAra phaNDase prakAzita huA hai /

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bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sAhitya : 93 vAlesu ya dATIsu ya pakkhIsu ya jalayaresu uvavannA saMkhijjA uThiIyA puNo vi narayAuyA huMti // 1793 / / ye donoM gAthAeM mUlAcArake bArahaveM adhikArakI gAthA 114-115 haiM / isI prakaraNake antargata gAthA 1087 meM batalAyA hai ki sAtavIM pRthvIse nikala kara jIva samyaktva prApta kara sakatA hai / triloyapaNNatti ( 2 / 292 ) meM bhI aisA pAyA jAtA hai / kintu SaTkhaNDAgama, tattvArthavArtika Adi digambara graMthoMmeM usakA spaSTa niSedha hai| isI taraha ukta prakaraNameM gAthA 1088 meM likhA hai ki prathama narakase nikala kara cakravartI, dvitIyase nikala kara kezava, balabhadra ho sakatA hai| kintu digambara granthoMmeM isakA niSedha hai| dvAra 194 meM devoMkI sthitikA varNana hai / dvAra 195 meM unake bhavanAdikA kathana hai| Ageke dvAroMmeM unakI lezyA, jJAna, avadhi jJAna, utpatti viraha kAla AdikA kathana hai / dvAra 262 meM antarvIpoMkA kathana hai| dvAra 266 meM devoMke pravIcArakA kathana hai| dvAra 272 meM pAtAloMkA kathana hai| isa taraha isameM lokAnuyoga sambandhI viSayoMkA yatra-tatra varNana kiyA gayA hai| racayitA tathA samaya : granthakI antima prazastimeM granthakArane apanA nAma nemicandra diyA hai / inake gurukA nAma Amradeva thaa| aura guruke gurukA nAma jinacandradeva thaa| inhoMne uttarAdhyayana sUtrakI sukhabodha nAmakI vRtti bhI banAI hai| isa vRttimeM isakA racanA kAla 1129 diyA hai / tathA eka mahAvIra caritra bhI prAkRta bhASAmeM racA hai| usameM usakA racanAkAla 1141 vikrama samvat diyA hai / ataH inakA samaya vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArdha jAnanA cAhiye /

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jaina sAhityakA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga dvitIya adhyAya dravyAnuyoga ( adhyAtma) viSayaka mUla sAhitya dvAdazAGga zrutake antargata AtmapravAda pUrvameM adhyAtma-viSayaka vivecana samAhita thaa| AcArya kundakundane usI AdhArako grahaNa kara 'samayasAra' jaise mahattvapUrNa AdhyAtmika granthoMkI racanA kii| kundakundake pazcAt pUjyapAdadevanandi, joindu Adine isa viSayakA paryApta nirUpaNa kiyaa| isa prakAra adhyAtma-viSayaka mUla-granthoMkA praNayana kaI zatAbdiyoM taka hotA rahA / isa adhyAyameM hama dravyAnuyogase sambaddha adhyAtma-viSayaka mUla sAhityakA saMkSipta itivRtta prastuta kara jIvanotthAnake sAtha isa sAhityakA sambandha pratiSThita kreNge| udgama jisameM jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, bandha-mokSa Adi tattvoMkA kathana ho use dravyAnuyoga kahate haiM / karaNAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityakI taraha dravyAnuyoga viSayaka jainasAhitya bhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ukta tattvoMke pradhAna jJAtA aura pravaktA the| indrabhUti' gautama jo veda-vedAMgameM pAraMgata the, jIvaajIva viSayaka zaMkAkI nivRttike lie hI bhagavAna mahAvIrake pAdamUlameM upasthita hue the aura zaMkAkA samAdhAna hone para unhoMne bhagavAnake pAdamUlameM jina dIkSA lekara unakA ziSyatva svIkAra kiyA thA aura unake pradhAna gaNadharakA pada suzobhita kiyA thaa| ___indrabhUti gautama gaNadharane bhagavAna mahAvIrake upadezoMko jina vAraha aMgoMmeM nibaddha kiyA thA, unameMse bArahavAM aMga dRSTivAda dravyAnuyogase hI vizeSa rUpase sambaddha thaa| isa aMgake antima jJAtA ekamAtra zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu the| unake svargavAsake pazcAt kramase yaha aMga vilupta ho gyaa| kintu jaina paramparAmeM dravyAnuyoga viSayaka jo sAhitya racA gayA usakA mUla yaha dRSTivAda aMga hI thaa| jaise karaNAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityakA mUla dRSTivAda aMgake antargata pUrvoke 1. 'loyAloyANa tahA jIvAjIvANa vivihavisayeSu / saMdehaNAsaNatyaM uvagada sirivIra calaNamUleNa ||77||'-ti0p0 1 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUla sAhitya : 95 avaziSTa bace vizakalitAMza the vaise hI dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityakA mUla bhI pUrvoke avaziSTAMza hI the| unhIMke AdhAra para uttarakAlameM dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityakI racanA hokara usakA saMpoSaNa evaM saMvardhana huaa| usakA prArambha AcArya kundakundakI kRtiyoMse hotA hai| jaise karaNAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityako racanekA Adya zreya AcArya guNadhara tathA bhUtabalI puSpadantako prApta hai / vaise hI dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityakI racanA karanekA zreya bhagavatkundakundAcAryako prApta hai / kundakundAcArya eka bahuta hI samartha aura prabhAvaka AcArya hue haiN| digambara paramparAmeM to bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gautama gaNadharake pazcAt unakA hI nAma vizeSa Adarase liyA jAtA hai / yathA maMgalaM bhagavAn vIro maMgalaM gautamo gaNI / maMgalaM kundakundAryoM jainadharmo'stu maMgalam / / ataH unake jIvanase hI dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityake itihAsakA Arambha hotA haiN| dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhityako mUlarUpase do bhAgoMmeM bAMTA jA sakatA haieka adhyAtma viSayaka aura eka tattvajJAna viSayaka / AcArya kundakunda ina donoMke hI puraskartA haiM / eka ora unhoMne samaya prAbhRtake dvArA jaina adhyAtmakA prasthApana kiyA to dUsarI ora pravacanasAra Adike dvArA jaina tattvajJAnako mUrta rUpa diyaa| jayasenAcAryane paJcAstikAyakI TIkAmeM adhyAtma zAstra aura Agama zAstrameM bheda batalAte hue likhA hai ki-'mere jJAnameM AtmA hai, mere darzanameM AtmA hai, mere cAritrameM AtmA hai, mere saMvarameM aura yogameM AtmA hai', ityAdi rUpase abheda ratnatrayakA jisameM kathana ho vaha adhyAtma zAstra hai aura cha dravyoMkA samyak zraddhAna aura jJAna tathA vratAdikA anuSThAna rUpa bheda ratnatraya kA jisameM kathana ho use Agama zAstra kahate haiN|' ataH AtmamUlaka kathana adhyAtma zAstrameM liyA jAtA hai / yahA~ prathama adhyAtma viSayaka jainasAhityakA itihAsa diyA jAyegA, pazcAt 1. 'ayamatra bhAvArtha:-'AdA khu majjha NANe AdA me daMsaNe caritte ya / AdA paccakkhANe AdA me saMvare joge' evaM prabhRtyAgamasArAdarthapadAnAmabhedaratnatrayapratiprAdakAnAmanukUlaM yatra vyAkhyAnaM kriyate tadadhyAtmazAstra bhaNyate / ........ vItarAgasarvajJapraNItaSaDdravyAdi samyazraddhAna-jJAna-vratAdyanuSThAnabhedaratnatrayasvarUpaM yatra pratipAdyate tadAgamazAstra bhaNyate-paJcAsti0 TI0 / pR0 255 /

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96 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa tattvajJAna viSayaka jainasAhityakA | cU~ki kundakundAcArya donoMke puraskartA haiM ataH unakA vistRta itivRtta Adi Age diyA jAtA hai / AcArya kundakunda 1. AcArya kundakundake viSayameM unake granthoMse kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotA / usameM unhoMne apanA nAma taka bhI nahIM diyA / kevala eka bArasa aNuvekkhA aura bodhapAhuDa hamAre ukta kathanake apavAda haiM / bArasa aNuvekkhAkI antima gAthAmeM unakA nAma AtA hai tathA bodha pAhuDakI antima gAthA meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA jayakAra kiyA hai aura usase pUrvakI gAthAmeM granthakArane apaneko bhadrabAhukA ziSya batalAyA hai / ina ullekhoMse kevala itanA jJAta hotA haiM ki granthakArakA nAma kundakunda hai aura ve bhadrabAhuke ziSya the / 2. TIkAkAra amRtacandrane granthakArakA nAma taka nahIM liyA / taba anya bAtoMkI jAnakArI kI to unase AzA hI kaise kI jA sakatI hai ? 3. indranandine apane zrutAvatAra meM SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa nAmaka siddhAnta granthoMke race jAnekA itivRtti dekara Age likhA hai ki isa prakAra ye donoM siddhAnta grantha kauNDakundapurameM padmanandi muniko prApta hue aura unhoMne SaTTakhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para cha~ hajAra zloka pramANa parikarma nAmaka granthakI racanA kI / 4. devasenane apane darzanasArameM likhA hai ki yadi padmanandi svAmI sImandhara svAmIse prApta hue divya jJAnase pravodhita na karate to zramaNa sumArgako kaise jAnate / 1. ' saddaviyAro hUo bhAsAsuttesu jaM jiNe kahiyaM / so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNa ya bhadda bAhussa // 61 // bArasaaMgaviyANaM caudasapuvaMrgAvapulavittharaNaM / suyaNANibhadda bAhU gamayagurU bhayavao jayau // 62 // - bo0 pA0 2. ' evaM dvividho dravyabhAvapustakagataH samAgacchan / guruparipATyA jJAtaH siddhAntaH kuNDakundapure // 160 // zrI padmanandimuninA so'pi dvAdazasahasraparimANaH / granthaparikarmakartA SaTkhaNDAdyatrikhaNDasya / / 161 // - zrutAva0 3. 'jai paumagaMdi NAho sImaMdharasAmidivbaNANeNa / Na vivohai to samaNA kahaM sumaggaM payANaMti // 43 // - 60 sA0

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 97 5. kundakundake dUsare TIkAkAra jayasenane samayasAra TIkAke' antameM likhA hai-zrI padmanandI jayavanta hoM, jinhoMne mahAtattvoMkA kathana karane vAle samayaprAbhRtarUpI parvatako buddhi dvArA uddhAra karake bhabya jIvoMko arpita kiyaa| tathA unhoMne paJcAstikAyakI TIkAko prArambha karate hue likhA hai-ki kuNDakundAcAryake padmanandi Adi anya nAma bhI haiN| vaha kumAranandi devake ziSya the aura prasiddha kathAke anusAra unhoMne pUrva videhameM jAkara vItarAga sarvajJa zrImandara ( sImaMdhara ) svAmI tIrthakarake darzana kiye the aura unake mukhakamalase nikalI huI divyavANIko sunakara tathA zuddha Atmatattva AdikA sArabhUta arthagrahaNa karake vApisa lauTa Aye the| unhoMne antastattva aura bAhyatattvakI mukhyatA aura gauNatA kA jJAna karAneke lie athavA zivakumAra mahArAja Adi saMkSepa ruci vAle ziSyoMke pratibodhake lie paJcAsti kAya prAbhRta zAstrakI racanA kI thii|' kundakunda svAmIke sambandhameM granthoMse jo prAmANika sUcanA prApta hotI hai vaha Upara saMkalita kI gaI hai| isake sivAya zilAlekhoMse bhI kucha bAteM jJAta hotI haiM jo prAyaH ukta bAtoM kI hI samarthaka haiN| unakA ullekha Age yathAsthAna kiyA jaayegaa| paramparAgata kathA bhI kundakundake viSayameM pAI jAtI hai| brahma nemidattake ArAdhanA kathAkozameM zAstra dAnake phalake rUpameM eka kathA AI jo isa prakAra hai bharatakSetrake kurumaraI grAmameM eka govinda nAmakA gvAlA rahatA thaa| eka bAra usane jaMgalameM eka guphAmeM eka jainagraMtha rakhA dekhaa| usane use uThA liyA aura padmanandi nAmake eka mahAn AcAryako de diyaa| usa graMthakI yaha vizeSatA thI ki AcArya dekhakara antameM use usI guphAmeM rakha dete the| phalataH padyanandine bhI usa granthako usI guphAmeM rakha diyaa| govinda gvAlA usakI pratidina 1. 'jayau risi paumaNaMdI jeNa mhaatccpaahuddselo| buddhisireNuddhario samappio bhavvaloyassA" 2. "atha zrI kumAranandisiddhAntadevaziSyaH prasiddhakathAnyAyena pUrvavidehaM gatvA vItarAgasarvajJazrImaMdarasvAmitIrthakaraparamadevaM dRSTvA tanmukhakamalavinirgatadivyavANI-zravaNAvadhAritapadArthAcchuddhAtmatattvAdisArArtha gRhItvA punarapyAgataH zrImatkunDakundAcAryadevaiH padmanandyAdyaparAbhidheyarantastattvavahistattvagauNamukhyapratipatyartha athavA zivakumAramahArAjAdisaMkSeparuciziSyapratibodhanArtha viracite paJcAstikAyaprAbhRtazAstre"-paJcAsti0 TI0 1 pR0 /

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98 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa pUjA kiyA karatA thaa| eka dina use zerane khA ddaalaa| vaha marakara nidAnavaza usI gAMvake mukhiyAke ghara usake putra rUpameM utpanna huaa| bar3A hone para use apane pUrva janmakA smaraNa ho AyA aura vaha sAdhu ho gayA vahA~se marakara vaha rAjA kuNDeza huA vahA~ bhI usane jina dIkSA le lI aura zrutakevalI huaa| brahma nemidattase tIna zatAbdI pUrva hue paM0 AzAdharane bhI apane sAgAradharmAmRtameM zAstra dAnake phalake rUpameM kauNDezakA ullekha kiyA hai yathA kauNDezaH pustakA vitaraNavidhinA'pyAgamAmbhodhipAram // 70 // arthAt pustakoMkI pUjA aura dAnakI vidhise kauNDeza zrutasamudrakA paragAmI arthAt zrutakevalI huaa| isakI svopajJa saMskRta TIkAmeM 'AzAdharane koNDezako pUrva janmameM govinda nAmakA gvAlA batalAyA hai| vahA~se marakara vaha grAmakUTakA putra huA aura phira koNDeza nAmakA muni huaa| __ isa kathAkA kundakundAcAryake jIvanase kyA kucha sambandha hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kintu 'kauNDeza' nAmase aura usameM Agata padmanandi nAmase usakA sambandha kundakundAcAryase hI jAna par3atA hai| eka kathA zrIyuta premIjI ne jJAnaprabodha nAmaka padyabaddha bhASA granthase jainahitaiSI (bhA0 10, pR0 369) meM prakAzita kI thii| usakA sAra isa prakAra hai-mAlava dezake vArAMpura nagarameM kumudacandra nAmakA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakI rAnIkA nAma kumudacandrikA thaa| usake rAjyameM eka kunda zreSThI nAmakA sAhUkAra rahatA thaa| usakI seThAnIkA nAma kundalatA thaa| unake kundakunda nAmakA eka putra thaa| eka dina vaha lar3akoMmeM anya lar3akoMke sAtha khelatA thaa| usane eka udyAname eka munirAjako dekhaa| unake cAroM ora bahuta-sA samudAya baiThA huA thaa| lar3akene dhyAnase unakA upadeza sunA aura vaha unake upadezase itanA prabhAvita huA ki unakA ziSya bana gyaa| usa samaya bAlakakI umra kevala gyAraha varSa kI thI aura usake gurukA nAma jinacandra thA / __ bAlaka kundakundane jaldI hI itanI unnati kI ki vaha 33 varSa kI avasthAmeM AcArya banA diyA gyaa| eka dina AcArya kundakundako jaina siddhAntake sambandhameM koI zaMkA utpanna huii| ve dhyAnameM magna ho gye| eka dina 1. 'tathA kauNDezo'pi govindAravyagopAlacaro grAmakUTaputraH san kauNDezo nAma manizca / '

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 99 dhyAna karate hue unhoMne apanA mana vacana kAma videha kSetrameM sthita zrImandhara svAmIke prati ekAgra kiyaa| samavazaraNameM virAjamAna zrImandhara svAmIne 'saddharmavRddhirastu' kahakara unheM AzIrvAda diyaa| samavasaraNameM sthita janoMko yaha AzIrvAda sunakara bar3A acaraja haa| kyoMki vahA~ kisIne bhI usa samaya bhagavAnako namaskAra nahIM kiyA thaa| jijJAsA prakaTa karane para bhagavAna zrImandhara svAmIne kahA ki hamane bharata kSetrameM sthita kundakunda muniko AzIrvAda diyA hai / tatkAla kundakundake pUrva janma ke mitra do cAraNa Rddhi dhArI muni vArAMpura gaye aura kundakundako samavasaraNameM livA le gaye / AkAza mArgase jAte samaya kundakundakI mayUrapicchI kahIM gira gaI taba kundakundane gRddha picchase apanA kAma claayaa| kundakunda vahA~ eka saptAha taka rahe aura unakI zaMkAkA samAdhAna ho gyaa| lauTate samaya ve apane sAtha taMtra maMtrakA eka grantha lAye the kintu vaha mArgameM hI lavaNa samudrameM gira gyaa| bharata kSetrameM lauTane para unhoMne apanA dhArmika upadeza denA prAraMbha kara diyA aura tatkAla 700 strI puruSa unake anuyAyI bana gye| kucha samaya pazcAt girinAra parvata para unakA zvetAmbaroMke sAtha vivAda ho gyaa| taba unhoMne vahA~kI devI brAhmIke mukhase yaha kahalAyA ki digambara nirgrantha mArga hI saccA hai| antameM unhoMne apanA AcArya pada apane ziSya umAsvAtiko pradAna kiyA aura sallekhanA pUrvaka zarIrako tyAga diyaa| jambUdvIpa prajJaptike kartAkA nAma bhI padmanandi thA aura unhoMne vArA nagarameM jambUdvIpa prajJaptikI racanA kI thii| cUMki kundakundakA eka nAma padmanandi bhI thaa| ataH aisA pratIta hotA hai jambUdvIpa prajJaptike kartA padmanandiko hI kundakunda samajhakara jJAna pravodhake kartAne kundakundakA janma sthAna vArAM batalA diyA hai| aura kundakunda nAmakI upapatti baiThAneke liye unake mAtA pitAke nAma kundalatA aura kundazreSThI kalpita kara liye gaye haiN| aura unake videha gamanakI jo kathA pahalese hI pravartita yI, use usameM jor3a diyA gayA hai / aba vibhinna AdhAroMse unake sambandhameM jo bAteM jJAta hotI haiM unakI samIkSAke prakAzameM kundakundake jIvana para prakAza DAlA jAtA hai| ___ sabase prathama unake nAmoMkI sthiti vicAraNIya hai| vArasa aNuvekkhAkI antima gAthAmeM usake racayitAkA nAma kundakunda diyA huA hai| isI nAmase ve khyAta haiN| kintu samayasArakI apanI TIkAke antameM jayasenAcAryane zrI padmanandikA jayakAra kiyA hai aura unheM samayaprAbhUtakA racayitA kahA hai| udhara indranandine apane zrutAvatArameM donoM siddhAnta granthoMkI prApti koNDakundapurake pamanandiko honekA nirdeza kiyA hai| usase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki padmanandi

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100 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa koNDakundapurake nivAsI the| unakA mUla nAma pacanandi thA aura apane janma sthAnake nAma parase vaha kauNDakunda yA kundakun da nAmase khyAta hue / zravaNa velagolAke aneka zilAlekhoMse' bhI ukta kathanakI puSTi hotI hai usameM unakA prathama nAma padmanandi batalAyA hai / tathA zrI kauNDakunda Adi anya nAma batalAye haiN| vijaya nagarake zaka saM0 1307 ke eka anya zilAlekha meM pAMca nAma batalAye haiM-pagranandI, kundakunda, vakragrIva, elAcArya aura gRddhapiccha / DA. hornale ne digambara paTTAvaliyoMke sambandhameM eka vistRta lekha likhA thA, eka pratike AdhAra para usane usameM likhA hai ki kundakundake pAMca nAma the| kundakundake SaTprAbhRtoMke TIkAkAra zrutasAgarane bhI pratyeka prAbhRtake antameM jo sandhivAkya diye haiM unameM kundakundake ukta pAMco nAma svIkAra kiye haiM / isa taraha pA~ca nAmoMkI paramparA milatI hai kintu aitihAsika tathyoMke prakAzameM vicAra karane para pAMca nAma vAlI bAta pramANita nahIM hotii| jahAM taka pacanandi aura kundakunda nAmakI pravRttikI bAta hai usameM to koI sandehakI bAta nahIM hai| unakA mUla nAma padmanandi thA aura ve apane janma sthAnake nAma parase kundakunda nAmase khyAta hue| zeSa tIna nAmoMkI sthiti vicAraNIya hai| pahale vakragrIva nAmako dekhA jAye / I0 1125 ke eka zilAlekhameM dravila (5) saMgha aura aruMgalAnvayake AcAryoMkI nAmAvalImeM vakragrIvAcAryakA nAma AyA hai kintu usameM unake sambandhameM koI vivaraNa nahIM diyA ki yaha kauna the| isake pazcAt zravaNa velagolAke zilAlekha" naM0 54 meM, jo za0 1. 'tasyAnvaye bhUvidite babhUva yaH padmanandi prathamAbhidhAnaH / zrI kauNDakundAdi munIzvarAkhyassasaMyamAdudgatacAraNaddhi ||6||-shi0 le0 naM0 40 / 'zrI padmanandItyanavadyanAmA hyAcAryazabdottarakoNDakundaH / dvitIyamAsIdabhidhAnamudyaccaritrasaMjAta sucAraddhiH ||4||-shi0 le0 naM0 42, 43, 47, 50 / -0zi0 saM0, bhA0 1 / 2. 'AcAryaH kundakundAkhyo vakragrIvo mahAmuniH / elAcAryoM gRddhapiccha iti tannAma paJcadhA // 4 // ' -jai0 si0 bhA0, bhA0 1, ki0 4 / 3. iM0 eM, ji0 21, pR0 74, Ti0 naM. 35 / 4. jai0zi0saM0, bhA0 1, naM0 493 / 5. jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 101 saM0 1050 ( 1129 I0 ) kA hai, vakragrIvakA nAma AtA hai / yaha zilAlekha bahuta lambA hai / isameM pahale koNDakundakA nAma AtA hai| phira samanta bhadra aura siMhanandikI prazaMsA hai| pazcAt vakragrIva mahAmunikI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki nAgendra eka hajAra mukhoMse bhI unakI stuti karanemeM samartha nahIM ho skaa| zAsana devatA unakA bahuta Adara karate the| vAdiyoMkI gardaneM (grIvA ) unake sAmane jhuka jAtI thiiN| chai mAsa taka unhoMne kevala 'atha' zabdakA artha kiyA thaa| isa taraha vakragrIvako bar3A pUjya aura vidvAn batalAyA hai| kintu zilAlekhase isa bAtakA koI AbhAsa nahIM milatA ki kundakundakA hI nAma vakragrIva thA, pratyutaH usase to yahI pramANita hotA hai ki vakragrIva nAmake bhI koI AcArya the aura vaha kundakundase paryApta samayake pazcAt hue the| isake sivAya velUrake 1137 I0 ke zilAlekhameM samantabhadra aura pAtrakesarIke pazcAt vakragrIvakA nAma AyA hai aura unheM dramila saMghakA agresara batalAyA hai / karaguNDase prApta 1158 I0 ke zilAlekha meM akalaMkadevake pazcAt aura siMhanandyAcAryase pahale vakragrIvAcAryakA nAma AyA hai| vogAdise prApta zilAlekha meM bhI vakragrIvAcAryakA nAma hai| kintu ina sabhI zilAlekhoMse yahI pramANita hotA hai ki vakragrIva nAmake bhI eka mahAn AcArya hue haiM / aura ve draviDa saMgha, nandigaNa tathA aruMgalAnvaya zAkhAke the / kundakundake sAtha vakragrIva nAmakA koI sambandha inase jJAta nahIM hotaa| aba hama elAcArya nAmakI ora Ate haiM / cikkahanasoge se prApta eka zilAlekhameM, jisakA anumAnita samaya 1100 I. hai, desiyagaNa, pustakagacchake elAcAryakA nAma AtA hai| unake ziSyakA nAma dAmanandi bhaTTAraka thaa| jayadhavalA aura dhavalAke racayitA vIrasenake gurukA nAma bhI elAcArya thA, dhavalAkI prazastike prArambhameM unhoMne unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| tathA indranandine zrutAvatArameM likhA hai ki citrakUTavAsI elAcArya siddhAnta zAstroMke jJAtA the aura unake pAsa vIrasena svAmIne siddhAnta granthoMkA adhyayana karake dhavalA jayadhavalA TIkAkI racanA kI thii| sAtha hI indranandine kaunDakunda purake padmanandikA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai aura unheM SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para parikarma nAmaka granthakA racayitA batalAyA hai| indranandike 1. jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 3, naM0 305 / 2. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 3, naM0 347 / 3. jai0zi0 saM0 bhA0 3, naM0 319 / 4. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 3, naM0 /

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102 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa anusAra SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya TIkAkAra kauNDakundapura vAstavya padma nandi the aura antima TIkAkAra the vIrasena / ataH vIrasenake guru elAcAryase kundakunda kaI zatAbdiyoM pUrva ho cuke the / isa liye ve unase bilkula bhinna vyakti the / indranandi yogIndrakA racA huA eka jvAlinIkalpa kA nAmakA maMtra zAstra hai / yaha grantha zaka saM0 861 ke bItane para racakara samApta huA hai / isake prArambhameM granthakArane batalAyA hai ki helAcAryake dvArA racita prAktana zAstrako parivartita karake likhA hai / TippaNI meM helAcAryako elAcArya rUpase bhI ullikhita kiyA hai / ina helAcArya athavA elAcArya ke sAtha bhI kundakundakI ekarUpatA sthApita karanA zakya nahIM hai kyoMki prathama to yaha utane prAcIna jJAta nahIM hote / dUsare isa sambandhameM pramANakA abhAva hai / ataH kundakundakA nAma elAcArya thA yaha pramANita nahIM hotA / aba hama tIsare nAma gRddhapicchako lete haiM-- zravaNa velagolAse prApta zilAlekha naM0 40, 42, 43, 47, 50, 105, 108 meM umAsvAtiko gRddhapicchAcArya kahA hai aura umAsvAtiko kundakundake anvayameM huA batalAyA hai / pallAdahalli ke zilAlekhameM jo 1154 I0 kA hai, samantabhadra svAmI aura akalaMkadevake pazcAt gRddhapicchAcArya nAmakA svataMtra nirdeza kiyA hai| zravaNa velagolAke ukta zilAlekhoM meM umAsvAtike ziSyakA nAma balAka piccha batalAyA hai / jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki isa prakArake svataMtra nAma bhI pracalita the / gRddhapiccha nAmakA svataMtra rUpase prAcIna ullekha dhavalA - kI TIkAmeM vIrasena svAmIne kiyA hai| unhoMne gRddhapicchAcAryako tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAyA hai / cUMki tattvArtha sUtrake kartAke rUpameM umAsvAtikA nAma prasiddha hai aura zilAlekhoMmeM umAsvAtiko hI gRddhapicchAcArya kahA hai ataH vIrasena svAmI dvArA svataMtra rUpase prayukta nAmako bhI umAsvAtike rUpameM hI liyA jAyegA / kintu umAsvAtikA gRddhapicchAcArya nAma itanA khyAta nahIM thA ki usakA prayoga nAmAntarake rUpameM kiyA jA ske| isake sambandhameM vizeSa vicAra Age kiyA jAyagA / ina saba ullekhoMse to yahI pramANita hotA hai ki yadi gRddhapiccha kisIkA nAmAMtara thA to umAsvAti kA thA, na ki kundakunda kA / kintu ukta kathAmeM 1. anekAnta, varSa 1 pR0 431 / 2. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 1 / 3. jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 3, naM0 324 |

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 103 yaha bAta kahI hai ki kundakunda jaba videha gaye to mArgameM mayUrapiccha gira jAnese unhoMne gRddhapicchakA vyavahAra kiyaa| sAdhAraNatayA di0 jaina muni mayUrapicchakA hI vyavahAra karate haiN| gRddhapicchakA vyavahAra vizeSa avasthAmeM hI kiyA jAnA sambhava hai aura isIse jisane mayUrapicchakI jagaha gRddhapicchakA vyavahAra kiyA ho vaha gRddhapicchAcAryake nAmase khyAta ho sakatA hai| kintu paryApta pramANoMke abhAvameM isa viSayameM kucha nizcaya pUrvaka kahanA saMbhava nahIM hai / ukta vivecanase padmanandi aura kundakundake sivAya zeSa tInoM nAmoMke sambandhameM koI pramANita AdhAra nahIM miltaa| ataH una nAmoMkI sthiti cintya hai| janmasthAna indranandine apane zrutAvatArameM likhA hai ki dvividha siddhAntako kauNDakundapurameM padmanandi munine jAnA / cUMki padmanandikA aparanAma kundakunda yA kauNDakunda thA, isa para se ve koNDakunda purake jAna par3ate hai aura usIke kAraNa vaha apane gA~vake nAma parase kundakunda nAmase khyAta hue haiM / dakSiNa-bhAratameM vyaktike nAmake pahale gA~vakA nAma likhanekI prathA Aja bhI pracalita hai| jaise prasiddha bhAratIya dArzanika aura bhAratake uparASTrapati sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNanke nAmake pahale sarvapallI unake gA~vakA hI bodhaka hai| ataH koNDakuNDa padmanandi karNakaTu koNDakuNDake zrutimadhura rUpa kundakunda nAmase khyAta hue| kintu yaha kauNDakuNDa sthAna dakSiNa-bhAratameM kisa sthAna para thA yaha anirNIta hai / zrI pI0bI0 desAIne apanI 'jainijma 'ina sAutha iNDiyA' pustakameM eka 'konakoNDala' nAmaka sthAnakA vivaraNa diyA hai / guNTakala relave sTezanase dakSiNakI ora cAra mIla para eka konakoNDala nAmaka gA~va hai jo anantapura jileke gUTI (Gooty) tAllukemeM sthita hai| ise konakuNDala bhI kahate haiM / zrI desAI svayaM isa sthAnako dekhane gaye the aura vaha isakI prAcInatAse bahuta prabhAvita hae / prAcIna zilAlekhoMse, jo vahA~se prApta hue haiM prakaTa hotA hai ki isa sthAnakA prAcIna nAma 'koNDakuNDa' thaa| Aja bhI yahA~ke adhasabhya adhivAsI ise 'koNDakuNDI kahate haiM / zrI desAIne likhA hai ki 'kuNDa' kannar3a zabda hai isakA artha pahAr3I hotA hai kintu jaba yaha kisI sthAnake lie prayukta hotA hai to isakA artha hotA hai'parvatIya aavaas'| kannar3ameM 'koNDa' kA artha bhI 'pahAr3I' hotA hai| ataH 1. jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA zolApurase prakAzita /

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104 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa koNDakuNDa' kA artha hotA hai vaha sthAna jo pahAr3I para yA pahAr3Ike nikaTa ho / yaha artha Aja bhI isa gAMvake sAtha ghaTita hotA hai kyoMki yaha parvata zreNIke ati nikaTa avasthita hai| yahA~se prApta eka khaNDita zilAlekhameM padmanandi nAma par3hA jAtA hai jo do bAra AyA hai| usa nAmake sAtha lagA :cAraNa* vizeSaNa mahattvapUrNa hai| usake bAda kundakundAnvaya nAma AtA hai| ataH zrI desAIkA mata hai ki ukta zilAlekhase pramANita hotA hai ki yahI sthAna kundakundakI janmabhUmi thii| isI zilAlekhake antameM nayakIrtideva saiddhAntika cakravartI kA tathA kumAra tailapya aura unake pitA pazcimIya cAlukya rAjA vikramAditya (1076-1126 I0)kA nAma aMkita hai| zrI desAIkA kahanA hai ki koNDakuNDa nAma mUlataH sAmAnyatayA dravir3a hai kintu khAsataurase kannar3a hai| vaise yaha grAma karnATaka aura AMdhrake madhyameM sImA praveza para sthita hai| nAmakI sAmyatA tathA ukta zilAlekhake prakAzameM zrI desAIkA mata samucita pratIta hotA hai / isase adhika kucha kaha sakanA sambhava nahIM hai / guru-TIkAkAra jayasenAcAryake anusAra kundakunda kumAra nandi siddhAntadeva ke ziSya the / aura nandi saMghakI paTTAvalIke anusAra unake gurukA nAma jinacandra thA / tathA kundakunda svayaM apaneko bhadrabAhukA ziSya batalAte haiM / zravaNavela golAke zilA lekha naM0 227 meM eka kumAra nandi bhaTTArakakA nAma AtA hai / devarahallike zilA lekhameM jo AThavIM IsvI zatAbdIkA hai nandi saMgha ke erigittu gaNa tathA pulikla (puSkara) gacchake candranandike ziSya kumAra nandikA nAma AyA hai / AcArya vidyAnandane apanI pramANaparIkSAmeM kumAra nandi bhaTTArakake nAmase eka kArikA bhI uddhRtako hai / ataH kumAra nandi nAmaka AcArya to ho gaye haiM kintu phira bhI cUMki vidyAnandane unakA ullekha kiyA hai ataH vaha nauvIM zatAbdIse vAdake nahIM hai| kintu ve tArkika the| aura utane prAcIna bhI nahIM ho sakate / ataH kunda-kundake sAtha unake guruziSyabhAvakI koI saMbhAvanA pratIta nahIM hotii| mathurAse prApta eka zilAlekhameM ucca nagara zAkhAke eka kumAranandikA ullekha hai / yaha zilAlekha huviSka varSa 87kA honese bahuta prAcIna hai| kintu 1. jai0zi0 saM0 bhA0 1 / 2. vahI, bhA02, naM0 121 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 105 prathama to uccanagara zAkhAkA kundakundase koI sambandha jJAta nahIM hai / dUsare jaba taka koI aura sUtra prApta na ho taba taka isakI saMgati nahIM baiThAI jA sakatI / isI taraha nandi saMghakI paTTAvalImeM mAghanandi, unake bAda jinacandra taba kundakundakA nAma AtA hai / isa taraha usameM kundakundako jinacandrakA aura jinacandrako mAghanandikA uttarAdhikArI batalAyA hai / ina jinacandra ke viSayameM bhI kahIM se kucha jJAta nahIM hotA / kintu kundakundane svayaM apaneko bhadrabAhukA ziSya batalAyA hai / yathAsaddaviyAro hUo bhAsAsuttasu jaM jiNe kahiyaM / so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNa ya bhadda bAhussa // 61 // - bo0 pA0 / isameM batalAyA haiki 'jinendrane - bhagavAna mahAvIrane- artharUpase jo kathana kiyA hai vaha bhASAsUtroM meM zabda vikArako prApta huA hai--aneka prakArake zabdoM meM gU~thA gayA hai / bhadrabAhuke mujha ziSyane una bhASAsUtroM parase usako usI rUpameM jAnA hai aura ( jAnakara isa granthameM) kathana kiyA hai / ukta gAthAke pazcAt hI jo dUsarI gAthA AtI hai / vaha bhI nIce dI jAtI hai bArasa aMgaviyANaM caudasa pubvaMga viulavittharaNaM / suyaNANi bhaddabAhu gamayagurU bhayavao jayaU // 62 // isa gAthAmeM bAraha aMgoM aura caudaha pUrvoke vipula vistArake jJAtA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuko kundakundane apanA gamaka guru batalAte hue unakA jayakAra kiyA hai / isa gAthAse yaha vilkula spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pahalI gAthAmeM jina bhadrabAhu kA ullekha hai ve zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke sivAya dUsare bhadrabAhu nahIM ho sakate / kintu zrI paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtArakA sA0 kA mantavya isake viparIta hai / ukta dUsarI gAthAke sambandhameM unhoMne likhA ' hai -- isa parase yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pahalI gAthA ( naM0 61 ) meM jina bhadrabAhukA ullekha hai ve dvitIya bhadrabAhu na hokara bhadrabAhu zrutakebalI hI haiM aura kundakundane apaneko unakA jo ziSya batalAyA hai vaha paramparA ziSyake rUpa meM ullekha hai parantu aisA nahIM hai / pahalI gAthAmeM varNita bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI mAlUma nahIM hote, kyoMki zrutakebalI bhadrabAhu samayameM jina kathita sUtrameM aisA koI khAsa vikAra nahIM huA thA / jise 1. anekAnta, varSa 2, ki0 1, pR0 12 /

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106 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ukta gAthAmeM 'saddaviyAro huo bhAsAsuttesu jaM jiNe kahiyaM' ina zabdoM dvArA sUcita kiyA gayA hai--vaha avicchinna calA AyA thaa| parantu dUsare bhadravAhuke samayameM vaha sthiti nahIM rahI thI-kitanA hI zruta jJAna lupta ho cukA thA aura jo avaziSTa thA vaha aneka bhASAsUtroMmeM parivartita ho gayA thaa| isase 61vIM gAthA ke bhadrabAhu dvitIya hI jAna par3ate haiM / 62vIM gAthAmeM usI nAmase prasiddha hone vAle prathama bhadrabAhukA antya maMgalake taura para jayaghoSa kiyA hai aura unheM sApha taurase gamaka guru likhA hai / isa taraha donoM gAthAoMmeM do alaga-alaga bhadrabAhuoMkA ullekha honA adhika yuktiyukta aura buddhigamya jAna par3atA hai| hameM kheda hai ki hama mukhtAra sAhabake ukta abhiprAyase sahamata nahIM hai / donoM gAthAe~ parasparameM saMbaddha hai| pahalI gAthAmeM kundakundane apaneko jina bhadrabAhukA ziSya batalAyA hai dUsarI gAthAke dvArA unhIMkI vizeSatAoMkA spaSTIkaraNa karate hae jayakAra kiyA hai jisase pAThakako koI bhrama na ho / vivAha kisI aurakA ho aura gIta kisI dUsareke gAye jAyeM, aisA nahIM hotaa| pAThakako yaha sandeha ho sakatA thA ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke ziSya kundakunda kaise ho sakate haiM kyoMki donoMke bIcameM sudIrgha kAlakA antara hai| isa sandehako miTAneke lie unhoMne 'gamaka guru' vizeSaNa bhadrabAhu zru takevalIke sAtha lagA diyaa| asalameM dUsarI gAthA pahalI gAthAmeM Agata antima caraNa 'sIseNa ya bhaddavAhussa' kI bhASya gAthA jaisI hai| usameM ziSya aura bhadrabAhu donoMkA spaSTIkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai ki bhadrabAhuse matalava yU takevalI bhadrabAhuse hai aura ve mere gamaka guru haiM isalie maiM unakA ziSya huuN| rahI bhASA sUtroMmeM vikAra honekI bAta / gAthA 61 kA hamane jo artha diyA hai vaha mukhtAra sAhabakA hI kiyA huA hai| mukhtAra sA0 ne apane jisa lekhameM vikAra vAlI bAta kahI hai usImeM ukta artha bhI kiyA hai / usa arthase aisA koI bhAva vyakta nahIM hotA jaisA mukhtAra sA0 ne liyA hai| gAthA aura usakA artha bilkula spaSTa hai / bhagavAna mahAvIrane jo kahA vaha bhASAsUtroMmeM zabda vikArako prApta huA arthAt usane granthAtmaka zru takA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA / zra tasAgarane apanI TIkAmeM 'sIseNa ya bhadrabAhassa'kA jo artha kiyA hai usase bhI yahI prakaTa hotA hai ki unhoMne bhI bhadrabAhuse zra takevalI bhadrabAhukA hI grahaNa kiyA hai| __isake sivAya zravaNavela golAke zilA' lekhoMmeM bhI unheM zrutakevalI bhadra 1. zrIbhadrassarvato yo hi bhadrabAhuritizru taH / zrutakevalinAtheSu caramaH paramo muniH // 4 // .....""zrI candragupto'jani tasya ziSyaH / ...... // 5 // tasyAnvaye

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 107 bAhuke vaMzameM huA batalAkara zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke ziSya candraguptake pazcAt hI unheM sthAna diyA hai| ataH yaha nissandeha hai ki kundakundane apaneko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA ziSya batalAyA hai aura unheM apanA gamakaguru likhA hai / ___ 'gamaka' zabdake bodhaka, nizcAyaka, prApaka, sUcaka Adi aneka artha hai kintu zru takevalI bhadrabAhuke sAtha na to kundakunda svAmIkA sAkSAt sambandha thA aura na unake sAmane unakI koI kRti hI thii| ataH unhe apanA gamaka guru kaise batalAyA yaha cintya hai| __itihAsajJoMse yaha bAta ajJAta nahIM hai ki zra takevalI bhadrabAhu apane ziSya maurya samrATa candragupta tathA eka bar3e bhArI sAdhu saMghake sAtha uttara bhAratase dakSiNa bhAratakI ora gaye the aura zravaNavela golA (maisUra) nAmaka sthAnameM unakA svargavAsa huA thaa| AcArya kundakundako yaha bAta jJAta thii| vaha jAnate the ki dakSiNa bhAratameM jo jaina tattvajJAna kI paramparA cAlu hai vaha zru takevalI bhadrabAhukI dena hai / yadyapi jainadharma dakSiNameM bhadrabAhukI dakSiNa yAtrAse pahalese vartamAna thaa| yadi aisA na hotA to bhadrabAhu itane bar3e saMghako uttarase dakSiNa le jAnekA khatarA na uThAte / unhe vizvAsa thA ki dakSiNa bhAratake jainabandhu unake saMghakA hArdika svAgata kreNge| kintu antima zra takevalI honeke nAte ve bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA upadiSTa aMga jJAnake eka mAtra uttarAdhikArI the aura unake pazcAt jo aMgajJAnakI pravRtti jArI rahI usake eka mAtra hetu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu the / isa nAtese kundakunda svAmIko bhI jo jJAna prApta huA vaha bhI paramparAse zra takevalI bhadrabAhukI hI dena thaa| isIse samayasArakI prathama gAthAmeM unhoMne use 'zra takevalI bhaNita' kahA hai| vahA~ bhI zrutakevalIse unakA Azaya bhadrabAhu zratakevalI hI se hai / isIse unhoMne unhe apanA gamaka guru likhA hai| unake ina ullekhoMse bhI isa bAtakI puSTi hotI hai ki dakSiNa bhAratameM jainasaMghake sAtha jAne vAle bhadrabAhu zra takevalI bhadrabAhuke sivAya dUsare nahIM the| ataH jinakA yaha kahanA hai ki ve bhadrabAhu dUsare the, unakA kahanA samucita nahIM hai / astu, isa taraha zru takevalI bhadrabAhuko kundakundane apanA gamaka guru batalAyA hai bhUvidite babhUva yaH padmanandiprathamAbhidhAnaH |'-shile0 naM0 40 / 'yo bhadrabAhuH zru takevalInAM munIzvarANAmiha pshcimo'piH||8|| tadIya ziSyo'jani cndrguptH......||9|| tadIyavaMzAkarataH prasiddhAdabhUdadoSA yatiratnamAlA / babhau yadantarmaNivanmunIndrassa kuNDakuNDoditacaNDadaNDaH // 10 // -jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1 / pR0 210 /

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108 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa kintu unakA sAkSAt guru kauna thA yaha ajJAta hai / nandisaMghakI paTTAvalImeM mAghanandIke zivya jinacandrako unakA guru batalAyA hai aura zrutasAgarane bhI apanI TIkA sandhivAkyoM meM aisA hI likhA hai / videha yAtrA -- kundakunda svAmIne videha kSetrameM jAkara zrImandara svAmI bhagavAnke mukhakamalase nisRta divyadhvanikA pAna kiyA thA, isa ghaTanAkA sabase prAcIna ullekha devasenane apane darzanasArameM kiyA hai jo vi0saM0 990 meM racA gayA hai aura jisake sambandhameM unhoMne yaha likhA hai ki prAcIna gAthAoMkA saMkalana karake racA gayA hai / ataH kundakundake sambandhameM isa taraha kI kiMvadantI usase bhI bahuta pahalese pracalita thI yaha spaSTa hai / unake sambandhameM jo kathAeM pracalita haiM unameM bhI isa ghaTanAkA ullekha / tathA TIkAkAra jayasena ( 12vI zatAbdI ) aura zrutasAgara sUri ( vikramakI 16vIM zatI ) ne bhI isakA ullekha apanI TIkAmeM kiyA hai / jayasenane to ise prasiddha kathA kahA hai / zubhacandrAcAryane ( 16vIM zatI) kI paTTAvalImeM isakA ullekha hai / zilAlekhoM meM yadyapi isa ghaTanAkA koI ullekha nahIM hai kintu kundakunda ko cAraNa RddhikA dhArI batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki samIcIna saMyama ke prabhAvase unheM cAraNaRddhi prApta huI thI / kriyA viSayaka Rddhike do bheda haiMcAraNa aura AkAza gAmi / cAraNaRddhike aneka prakAra haiM unameM eka jaMghA - cAraNa hai / bhUmise cAra aMgula Upara AkAzameM jaMghAoMko jaldI-jaldI uThAte rakhate hue saikar3oM yojana cale jAnA jaMghAcAraNa Rddhi hai | zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha naM0 105 meM likhA hai ki antaraMgakI taraha bAhya bhI unakA rajase aspaSTa hai, aisA vyakta karaneke lie hI mAnoM ve bhUmitalakI dhUlise cAra aMgula Upara calate the / zrutasAgarane bhI unheM cAra aMgula Upara AkAzameM gamana karanekI Rddhise viziSTa batalAyA hai / kintu zilAlekhoMmeM unake videha jAnekA koI ullekha nahIM hai / pratyuta eka zilAlekhameM pUjyapAdake sambandhameM isa prakAra - kA ullekha milatA hai / usameM likhA hai - anupama auSadhiRddhike dhArI tathA videhastha jina ( zrImandara svAmI ke darzanase jinakA zarIra pavitra ho gayA hai ve zrI pUjyapAda muni jayavanta ho / usa samaya unake pairoM, kaMdhoM ye hue jala 1. 'rajobhiraspaSTatamatvamantarbAhya 'pi saMvyaJjayituM yatIzaH / rajaH padaM bhUmitalaM vihAya cacAra manye caturaMgulaM saH // 14 // ' -jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1 / 2. 'zrI pUjyapAdamunirapratimauSarghAddha jayAd videha - jina - darzanapUta gAtraH / yatpAdadhautajala saMsparzaH prabhAvAtkAlAyasaM kila tadA kanakIcakAra // 17 // ' -jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1, le0 naM0 108 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 109 sparzake prabhAvase lohA sonA ho gayA thA' 'rAjabali kathe' meM devacanda ( 17701841 I0 ) ne bhI pUjyapAdake sambanmeM likhA hai ki apane pairoMmeM auSaSi lagAkara usake prabhAvase videha kSetra gaye the| kintu kundakundane isa sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhaa| ve to apaneko mAtra zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA RNI batalAte haiN| giranAra parvata para zve0di0 vivAda zubhacandrAcAryane ( 1516-56 I0 ) apane pANDavapurANameM kundakundakA smaraNa isa prakAra kiyA hai| kundakundagaNI yenojjayantagirimastake / so'vatAd vAditA brAhmI pASANaghaTitA kalau // 14 // 've kundakundagaNI rakSA kareM, jinhoMne kalikAlameM urjayantagirike mastaka para arthAt giranAra parvatake Upara pASANa nirmita brAhmIkI mUrtiko bulavA diyaa|' zubhacandrAcAryakI gurvAvalI' ke antameM do zloka isa prakAra hai padmanandI gururjAto blaatkaar-gnnaagrnnii| pASANa-ghaTitA yena vAditA zrIsarasvatI // ujayantagirI tena gacchaH sArasvato'bhavat / atastasmai munIndrAya namaH zrIpadmanandine // 63 // 'balAtkAragaNake agraNI padmanandi guru hue, jinhoMne urjayantagiri para pASANa nirmita sarasvatIkI mUrtiko vAcAla kara diyaa| usase sArasvata gaccha huA / ataH una padmanaMdI munIndrako namaskAra ho|' / ___kavivara vRndAvana ne bhI ukta ghaTanAkA ullekha eka chandake dvArA kiyA 'saMgha sahita zrI kundakunda guru vandana heta gae giranAra / vAda parayau taha saMzayamatisoM sAkhI vadI aMbikAkAra // ' 'satyapantha nigraMtha digambara kahI surI tahaM pragaTa pukAra, so gurudeva vasau ura mere vidhanaharana maMgalakaratAra // isameM batalAyA hai ki eka bAra kundakunda svAmI saMghasahita vandanAke lie giranAra parvata para gye| vahA~ zvetAmbaroMse unakA vivAda ho gyaa| donoMne parvata para sthita ambikAkI mUrtiko madhyastha mAnA / devIne prakaTa hokara kahA ki digambara nigraMthapantha hI saccA hai / 1. jai0 si0 bhA0, bhA0 1, ki0 4, pR0 58 /

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110 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa giranAra parvata para digambaroM aura zvetAmbaroMmeM vivAda honekI carcA zvetAmbarIya granthoMmeM bhI pAI jAtI hai / 17vIM zatAbdImeM dharmasAgara upAdhyAyane 'pravacana parIkSA' nAmaka grantha likhA hai| usameM unhoMne likhA hai ki eka samaya girinAra aura zatruJjaya tIrtha para donoM sampradAyoMmeM jhagar3A huaa| aura usameM zAsana devatAkI kRpAme digambaroMkI parAjaya huii| ratna maNDala gaNikRta sukRtasAgara nAmake granthake 'pethar3a tIrthayAtrA dvaya' nAmaka pravandhameM bhI eka kathA hai / zrIratna mandira gaNikRta upadeza taraMgiNI (pR. 148) meM bhI eka vivAdakA varNana hai| usake anusAra digambaroMse zvetAmbaroMkA vivAda eka mahIne taka huaa| antameM ambikAne 'ujjitasela sihare' Adi gAthA kahakara vivAdakI samApti kara dI / usameM kahA hai jo striyoMkI mukti mAnatA hai vahI saccA jaina mArga hai aura usIkA yaha tIrtha hai| ____ isa taraha digambara aura zvetAmbaroMmeM giranAra parvatapara vivAda to avazya huA pratIta hotA hai / kintu vaha kundakunda svAmIke samayameM nahIM huaa| balki padmanandi nAmake eka bhaTTArakake samayameM huA hai / aura cUMki kundakundakA bhI nAma padmanandi thA aura ve digambara paramparAke eka prabhAvaka pradhAna AcArya the ataH unake nAmake sAtha ukta vivAda jur3a gayA hai| sarasvatIgacchakI digambara paTTAvalImeM likhA hai'saMvat 1375 dina suM bhaTTArka prabhAcandajIke AcArya cho| so gujarAtameM zrI bhaTTArkajI to na chA aru vai AcArya hI chaa| so mahAjana eka pratiSThA ko udyama kiyo| so vai to na Aya pahucyA / jadi AcAryane sUrimaMtra divAya ara bhaTTArka padavI gujarAtakI dInhI pratiSThA karivA pAMcha / tahA sUM gujarAtameM paTTa dhaaro| AcArya suM bhaTTArka huo / nAma padmanandIjI diyauN| isI gacchakI dUsarI paTTAvalImeM yaha noTa diyA hai 'prabhAcandrajI ke AcArya gujarAtameM cho| so bar3ha ekai zrAvaka pratiSThA naiM prabhAcandrajIna bulAyAM / so vai naayaa| tadi AcArya nai suramaMtra de bhaTTAraka kari pratiSThA karAI tadi bhaTTAraka padmanandijI huA / tyAM pASANakI sarasvatI muTaiM bulaaii|' isI paTTAvalIse do zloka pIcha uddhRta kiye gaye haiM jinameM padmanandiko balAtkAragaNakA agraNI batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki urjayanta giri para unhoMne pASANakI sarasvatIko bAcAla kara diyA / 1. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 468 para 'tIrthoke vivAda' zIrSaka lekha /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 111 ukta ullekhake anusAra vikrama sambatkI caudahavIM zatAbdIke antameM athavA pandrahavIMke pUrvameM ukta vivAda huA hai| devagar3ha kI eka mUrti para samvat 1493 kA eka lekha hai| jisase prakaTa hotA hai usakI pratiSThA mUlasaMgha balAtkAragaNa sarasvatIgaccha kundakundAcArya anvayake bhaTTAraka prabhAcandrake ziSya padmanandi aura padmanandike ziSya devendrakIrtine karAI thii| yaha padmanandi sarasvatIgacchakI paTTAvalIke padmanandi jAna par3ate haiM kyoMki unake gurukA nAma prabhAcandra likhA hai| tathA mUrti lekhameM unheM 'vAdi vAdIndra' likhA hai| sambhavatayA girinAra parvatake vivAdameM vijaya prApta karaneke kAraNa hI unheM 'vAdi vAdIndra' kA viruda diyA gayA hai| inakA samaya bhI paTTAvalIse mila jAtA hai| inhIMse valAtkAragaNakI sUrata zAkhAkI bhaTTAraka paramparAkA Arambha huA hai| ukta vivAdake jo ullekha Upara diye gaye haiM ve saba ukta samayake pazcAtke haiN| ataH ukta vivAda vikramakI pandrahavIM zatAbdImeM huA hogA isa liye AcArya kundakundase usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai / ___ samaya vicAra-AcArya kundakundake samayake sambandhameM aba taka jina vidvAnoMne prakAza DAlA hai unameM zrIyuta nAthUrAmajI premI, paM0 jugalakizorajI' mukhtAra, DA0 ke0 bI0 pAThaka, prophesara cakravartI" aura DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye kA nAma ullekhanIya hai / DA0 upAdhyene ukta vidvAnoMke matoMkI samIkSA karake apanA eka mata nirdhArita kiyA hai| nIce ukta bidvAnoMke mata saMkSepameM diye jAte hai / isase prakRta viSaya para UhApoha karanemeM saralatA hogii| 1. premIjIkA mata-premIjIke vicArakA mukhya AdhAra indranandikA zru tAvatAra hai / zrutAvatArameM likhA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrake pazcAt 62 varSameM tIna kevalI hue| unake pazcAt 100 varSoM meM pAMca zrutakevalI hue| phira 183 varSoMmeM 11 AcArya dasa pUrvoke jJAtA he| phira 220 varSoM meM 5 AcArya gyAraha aMgoMke jJAtA hue phira 118 varSoM meM cAra AcArya eka aMgake dhArI 1. bha0 sa0, pR0 169 / 2. jai0 hi0 bhA0 10 pR0 378 Adi / 3. ra0 zrA0 kI prastA0, pR0 157 Adi / 4. samaya prAbhRta ( kAzI saMskANa ) kI saMskRta prastAvanAmeM / 5. paJcAstikAyake aMgrejI anuvAdakI prastAvanA / 6. pravacanasAra ( rA0 jai0 zA0 ) kI prastAvanA /

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112 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa hue / isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANa (527 I0 pUrva) ke pazcAt 683 varSoM taka aMga jJAnakI pravRtti rhii| phira cAra ArAtIya aMgoM aura pUrvoke eka dezake jJAtA hue| unake pazcAt kramase ahaMdvali, mAghanandi aura gharasena hue| dharasena mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRtake jJAtA the| thor3I Ayu zeSa rahane para unheM cintA huI ki mere pazcAt isa mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRtakA viccheda ho jaayegaa| ataH unhoMne do yogya ziSyoMko bulAkara jo bAdameM puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI nAmase prasiddha hue, mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhUta par3hAyA aura unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama sUtroMkI racanA kii| isa taraha SaTkhaNDAgama sUtroMkI utpatti batalAkara zrutAvatArameM kaSAya prAbhRtakI utpattikA vRttAnta batalAte hue likhA hai ki guNadhara munIndrane kaSAya prAbhRtakI racanA karake nAgahastI aura AryamaMkSuko unakA vyAkhyAna kiyaa| AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastIse una gAthA sUtroMko par3hakara yati vRSabha nAmaka AcAryane unapara chai hajAra zloka pramANa cUNi sUtroMkI racanA kI / yati vRSabhase una cUNi sUtroMkA adhyayana karake uccAraNAcAryane unapara bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa uccAraNA sUtra nAmaka vRttikI racanA kii| isa prakAra guNadhara, yativRSabha aura uccAraNAcAryake dvArA gAthAsUtra, cUrNisUtra aura uccAraNA sUtroMke rUpameM kaSAya prAbhRta nibaddha huaa| ina donoM siddhAnta granthoMko kuNDakunda purameM padmanandi munine guru paramparAse jAnA aura unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa parikarma nAmaka grantha rcaa|" __isase spaSTa hai ki kundakunda vIra nirvANase 683 varSoMke pazcAt hue| zrI premI jIne dharasena tathA uccAraNAcArya paryanta anya AcAryoMkA kama se kama samaya nirdhArita karake yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kundakunda vikramakI tIsarI zatAbdIke antima caraNameM hue hai| isake sivAya premI jIkA kahanA hai ki urjayanta giripara kundakundakA zvetAmbaroMke sAtha vivAda huA thA / kundakundake suttapAhuDase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki kundakundake samayameM jaina saMghameM zvetAmbara aura digambara bheda ho cukA thaa| devasenake darzanasArake anusAra vikramakI mRtyuse 136 varSa bItane para yaha bheda huaa| premI jone ise zAlivAhana zakAbda mAnakara 136 + 135 = 271 vikrama samvatmeM saMgha bheda mAnA hai| aura isa taraha yaha kAla bhI zrutAvatArake AdhAra para nirdhArita kiye gaye kAlake sAtha mela khAtA hai| ataH premI jIke matAnusAra kundakundAcArya vikramakI tIsarI zatAbdIke antima caraNameM hue hai| tathA vIra nirvANa samvat 683 se pahale to kisI bhI taraha nahIM hue| DA0 pAThakakA mata DA0 pAThakako rASTrakUTa nareza govindarAja tRtIyake do tAmrapatra mile the

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 113 unameMse eka zaka samvat 719 kA hai aura dUsarA zaka samvat 724 kA hai| unameM koNDakondAnvayake toraNAcAryake ziSya puSpanandIkA tathA usake ziSya kA nirdeza hai| isaparase DA0 pAThakakA kahanA hai ki jaba prabhAcandra zaka samvat 719 meM vartamAna the to unake dAdA guru toraNAcArya zaka samvat 600 ke lagabhaga hue hoNge| aura cUMki toraNAcArya zaka saM0 600 meM hue the ataH kundakundako jinake anvayameM toraNAcArya hue the, 150 varSa pUrva zaka saM0 450 meM rakhA jA sakatA hai| DA0 pAThakane apane ukta anumAnakA samarthana eka anya AdhArase kiyA hai| cAlukya nareza kIrtivarmA mahArAja zaka sambat 500 meM rAjyAsana para virAjamAna the| unhoMne bAdAmIko jItA aura kadamba rAja vaMza ko naSTa kara diyA / ataH yaha nizcita huA ki kadamba rAja vaMzakA zivamRgeza varmA lagabhaga 50 varSa pUrva zaka saM0 450 ke lagabhaga rAjya karatA thaa| paJcAstikAyakI kanar3I TIkAmeM bAlacandrane aura saMskRta TIkAmeM jayasenane likhA hai ki kundakundane yaha grantha zivakumAra mahArAjake pratibodhanake liye likhA thaa| yaha zivakumAra mahArAja kadambavaMzI zivamRgeza varmA hI pratIta hote haiM / ataH zivamRgeza varmAke samakAlIna honeke kAraNa kundakundakA samaya zaka saM0 450 ( 528 I0 ) AtA hai| pro0 cakravartIne DA0 hAnaleke dvArA prakAzita sarasvatI gacchakI digambara paTTAvalIke AdhAra para kundakundake AcArya pada para AsIna honekA kAla IsvI 1. 'AsIda toraNAcAryaH koNDakundAnvayodbhavaH / sa caitadviSaye zrImAn zAlmalI grAmamAzritaH // 1 // tasyAbhUta puSpanandI tu ziSyo vidvAn gaNAgraNI / tacchiSyazca prabhAcandrastasyeyaM vasatiH kRtA // 3 // 2. kokondonvayodAro gaNo'bhUd bhuvanastutaH / tadaMtadviSayavikhyAtaM zAlmalIgrAmamAvasan // 1 // AsIda toraNAcAryastapaHphalaparigrahaH / tatropazamasaMbhUtabhAvanA pAstakalmazaH // 2 // paNDitaH puSpanandIti babhUva bhuvi vizrutaH / antevAsI munestasya sakalazcandramA iva // 3 // pratidivasabhavavRddhinirastadoSo vyapetahRdayamalaH / paribhUtacandravimvastacchiSyo'bhUt prabhAcandraH // 4 //

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114 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa pUrva 8 mAnakara IsvI pUrva 52 ke lagabhaga unakA janma honA mAnA hai| Age unhoMne DA0 pAThakake matakA virodha karate hue paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayakA samarthana anya sAdhanoMse kiyA hai| kathAoMmeM kundakundako dakSiNa dezakA batalAyA hai| ataH pro0 cakravartIne usako AdhAra banAkara isa bAta para jora diyA hai ki kundakunda draviNa saMghake the| maMtralakSaNa nAmake eka aprakAzita granthase unhoMne eka sUcanA prApta kI hai ki dakSiNameM malaya nAmake dezake antargata hemagrAmameM eka elAcArya nAmake mahAn sAdhu rahate the vaha draviNa gaNAdhIza the| pro0 cakravartIkA kahanA hai ki ye saba ullekha draviNa dezameM khojane para mila sakate haiM ataH kundakunda dravir3a dezake the aura unakA eka nAma elAcArya bhI thaa| jaina paramparAke anusAra elAcArya prasiddha prAcIna tamila grantha 'thirukkurala' ke racayitA the| unhoMne isa graMthako raca kara apane ziSya tiruvalluarako de diyA aura usane use madurA saMghako bheMTa kara diyaa| elAlasiMha, jo tiruvalluarakA sAhityika saMrakSaka mAnA jAtA hai, elAcAryakA dUsarA nAma thA / kuralakA jainadharmI elAcAryake dvArA racA jAnA anya tathyoMse bhI samucita pratIta hotA hai / jaise kuralakA dhArmika vAtAvaraNa, valluvoMke dvArA apanAI gaI kRSikI sarvottama vyavasAyake rUpameM prazaMsA, jamIMdArI prathAkA samarthana, jisane draviNa dezameM jaina dharmake prArambhika anuyAyI utpanna kiye / pro. cakravartIkA kahanA hai ki elAcArya athavA kundakundako kuralakA racayitA mAnanemeM kuralake sambhAvita kAlake sAtha bhI koI asaMgati nahIM AtI, tathA paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayako usase bar3A samarthana milatA hai| dravir3a saMghakA pradhAna honeke kAraNa kundakundane prAcIna tamila sAhityake ballAloke lAbhake uddezase kuralako tamilameM hI racA hogA, kyoMki ballAla loga ahiMsA dharmake kaTTara anuyAyI the| ukta carcA ke prakAzameM pro0 cakravartIne zivakumAra mahArAjakI ekarUpatA sthApita karanekA prayatna karate hue DA0 pAThakake ukta matako mAnya nahIM kiyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki eka to kundakundake samayase kadamba rAjavaMzakA samaya bahuta arvAcIna hai, dUsare isa bAtakA samarthana karane vAle pramANoMkA abhAva hai ki kadamba prAkRta bhASAse paricita the, jisameM kundakundane apane grantha race haiM / DA0 pAThakake matake viparIta pro0 cakravartIne pallava rAjavaMzake zivaskandako zivakumAra mahArAja mAnane para jora diyA hai kyoMki skanda aura kumAra zabda ekArthavAcI haiM ataH zivaskandakA artha hotA hai shivkumaar| zivaskanda yuvamahArAja bhI kahe jAte the aura yuvamahArAja tathA kumAra mahArAja ekArthaka haiM / anya paristhitiyAM bhI isa eka rUpatAkI poSaka haiM / pallavoMkI rAjadhAnI kaMjIpuram thii|

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 115 pallava 'thoNDa maNDalam para zAsana karate the / yaha pradeza vidvAnoMkI bhUmi mAnA jAtA hai / isakI rAjadhAnIne aneka dravir3a vidvAnoMko AkarSita kiyA thA / kaMjIpuram ke rAjagaNa jJAnake saMrakSaka the / IsAkI Arambhika zatAbdiyoMse lekara AThavIM zatAbdI taka arthAt samantabhadra se lekara akalaMka taka kaMjIpuramke cAroM ora jainadharmakA pracAra hotA rahA hai / ataH yadi kaMjIpuramke pallava rAjA IsAkI prathama zatAbdoMmeM jainadharmake saMrakSaka the yA jainadharmako asaMbhava nahIM hai / pAlate the to yaha isake sivAya mayIDavolu dAnapatrakI bhASA prAkRta hai / yaha dAnapatra kaMjI - puramke zivaskanda varmA ke dvArA jArI kiyA gayA thA / isake prArambhameM 'siddha' zabdakA prayoga hai tathA mathurAke zilAlekhoMse yaha bahuta milatA julatA huA hai / ye bAteM batalAtI haiM ki isake dAtA rAjAkA jhukAva jainadharmakI ora thA / anya aneka zilAlekhoM Adise yaha spaSTa hai ki pallava rAjAoMke rAjyakI bhASA prAkRta thI / ataH pro0 cakravartIne yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kundakundane jisa zivakumAra mahArAjake lie prAbhRtatraya likhe the vaha bahuta sambhavatayA pallava vaMzakA zivaskanda varmA hai / zrI jugalakizorajI' mukhtArane 'samantabhadra' viSayaka apane mahAnibandhameM AcArya samantabhadrakA samaya nirNaya karanekI dRSTise kundakundAcAryake samaya sambandhameM bhI vicAra kiyA hai| mukhtAra sAhabane nandisaMghakI paTTAvalImeM diye gaye samayako ( vi0 sa0 94 ( 49 ) - 101 ) to vizvasanIya nahIM mAnA hai kyoMki paTTAvalIkI hAlata aisI nahIM hai jise eka vizvasta AdhAra mAnA jA sake / ataH use chor3akara Apane dUsare mArgase kundakundakA ThIka samaya upalabdha karanekA prayAsa kiyA hai / premIjIkI taraha Apane bhI indranandi AcAryake zra tAvatAra meM varNita donoM siddhAnta granthoMkI utpattikI kathA tathA guru paripATIse donoM siddhAnta granthoMko jAnakara kundakundake dvArA SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA likhanekI bAtako sAdhAra mAnakara yaha niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kundakundAcArya vIra nirvANa samvat 683 se pahale nahIM hue, kintu pIche hue haiM / parantu kitane pIche hue haiM yaha spaSTa nahIM hai / usako spaSTa karate hue Apane likhA hai - 'yadi antima AcArAMgadhArI lohAcAryake bAda hone vAle vinayadhara Adi cAra ArAtIya muniyoMkA ekatra samaya 20 varSakA aura ahaMdvali, 1. ratnakaraMDa zrA0 kI prastA0, pR0 158 se 189 taka /

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116 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta, bhUtabali tathA kundakundake gurukA sthUla samaya 10-10 varSakA hI mAna liyA jAya, jisakA mAna lenA kucha adhika nahIM hai, to yaha sahaja meM hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki kundakunda ukta samayase 80 varSa athavA vIra nirvANase 763 varSa bAda hue haiM aura yaha samaya usa samaya (770) ke karIba hI pahu~ca jAtA hai jo vidvajjana bodhakase uddhRta kiye gaye padyameM diyA hai aura isaliye isake dvArA usakA bahuta kucha samarthana hotA hai / Age mukhtAra sAhabane zivakumAra mahArAja vAlI carcA uThAkara DA0 pAThakake matako amAnya kiyA hai| aura likhA hai ki 'prathama to jayasenAdikA yaha likhanA hI ki kundakundane zivakumAra mahArAjake sambodhanArtha athavA unake nimitta isa paJcAstikAyakI racanA kI, bahuta kucha Adhunika mata jAna par3atA hai, mUlagranthameM usakA koI ullekha nahIM aura na zrI amRtacandrAcAryakRta TIkA parase hI usakA koI samarthana hotA hai| dUsare zivakumArakA zivamRgeza varmAke sAtha jo samIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai usakA koI yuktiyukta kAraNa bhI mAlUma nahIM hotaa| usase acchA samIkaraNa to pro0 e0 cakravartIkA jAna par3atA hai|' Age apane pro0 cakravartIke isa matako bhI mAnya nahIM kiyA hai ki kundakundakA eka nAma elAcArya thA aura vaha kuralake kartA haiM / kyoMki nandisaMghakI paTTAvalI athavA gurvAvalIko chor3akara dUsare kisI bhI granthase athavA zilAlekhase yaha mAlUma nahIM hotA ki elAcArya kundakundakA nAmAntara thaa| ___ Age Apane paTTAvali pratipAdita samayako vistArase AlocanA kI hai| antameM Apane bhadrabAhu ziSya kundakundako dUsare bhadrabAhukA ziSya ThaharAte hue kundakundakA samaya vIranirvANa 608 se 692 taka sthApita kiyA hai / DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene pravacanasArakI vidvatApUrNa prastAvanAmeM ukta sabhI vidvAnoMke toMko dekara vicArake liye 5 mudde sthApita kiye haiM 1. zvetAmbara digambara bheda utpanna honeke pazcAt kundakunda hue / 2. kundakunda bhadrabAhuke ziSya haiN| 3. zru tAvatArake anusAra kundakundane SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para TIkA likhii| 4. jayasena aura bAlacandrake lekhAnusAra kundakunda zivakumAra mahArAjake samakAlIna the| 5. kundakunda kuralake racayitA the|

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 117 1. prathama mudde para vicAra karate hue DA0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki isa viSaya meM ki kundakunda zvetAmbara digambara bheda utpanna honeke pazcAt hue haiM do mata nahIM ho skte| kyoMki unhoMne apane granthoMmeM muniyoMke vastra paridhAna tathA strI muktikA niSedha kiyA hai aura ye donoM vAteM zvetAmbara mAnate haiN| unhoMne isa bhedakI utpatti candragupta mauryake samakAlIna zrU takevalI bhadrabAhake samayameM ( IsvI pUrva tIsarI zatAbdI ) batalAI hai| ataH likhA hai ki kundakundake granthoMmeM pAyA jAnevAlA zvetAmbarIya pravRttiyoMkA nirAkaraNa kundakundakA samaya nirdhArita karanemeM vizeSa sahAyaka nahIM ho sktaa| dUsare muddeke sambandhameM vicAra karate hue DA0 upAdhyene bodhaprAbhRta kI antima donoM gAthAoMko eka sAtha uddha ta karake unake kundakunda racita honekI yathArthatAko spaSTa kiyA hai aura kAlakrama nirdhAraNa karanemeM unake upayogako nyAyya mAnA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki dUsarI gAthAke vizeSaNoMse spaSTa hai ki prathama gAthAmeM smRta bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI bhadravAhuke sivAya anya nahIM ho sakate / tathA unake ziSyase matalaba paramparA ziSyase hai / kundakundane apaneko bhadrabAhukA ziSya kyoM batalAyA ? isa praznakA samAdhAna karate hue DA0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki dakSiNako jo munisaMgha gayA thA usake pradhAna zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu the| ataH bhadrabAhuke svargavAsake pazcAt unake ziSya aura praziSya unheM mahAn guruke rUpameM mAnate rahe hoNge| dakSiNameM jo sAdhugaNa the unheM saba dhArmika jJAna uttarAdhikArake rUpameM bhadrabAhuse hI prApta huA thA / ataH sudUra dakSiNa dezake pradhAna AcArya kundakundane unheM apanA guru mAnakara apaneko unakA ziSya batalAyA to yaha koI AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai| kintu kundakundako zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA sAkSAt ziSya mAnanemeM aneka rukAvaTeM haiM / prathama to zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke pazcAt honevAle aMgadhAriyoMmeM kundakundakA nAma nahIM hai / dUsare, likhita yA kimbadantIke rUpameM jaina paramparAmeM eka bhI aisA ullekha nahIM milatA jisase kundakundake zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke samakAlIna honekA kiJcit mAtra bhI samarthana hotA ho / pratyuta upalabdha bAteM usa kAlake viruddha hI jAtI haiN| tIsare muddeke sambandhameM DA0 upAdhyene zra tAvatArake isa kathanake sambandhameM ki kundakundapurake padmanandine donoM siddhAnta granthoMkA jJAna prApta kiyA aura SaTkhaNDAgamake tIna khaNDoM para TIkA racI, likhA hai ki isa para do prazna uThAye jA sakate haiM-prathama, kyA kundakundapurake paanandi hamAre kundakunda hI haiM aura dUsarA, kyA unhoMne vAstavameM SaTkhaNDAgamake kucha bhAga para TIkA likhI thI ? DA0 upAdhyene ina donoM praznoMmeMse pahale praznakA uttara svIkArAtmaka aura dUsare

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118 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa kA nakArAtmaka diyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki zilAlekhoM Adise yaha prakaTa hai ki hamAre granthakArakA nAma padmanandi thA aura kundakundake nAmase prasiddha hue| indranandine ise spaSTa kara diyA hai ki janmabhUmike nAma para se vaha kundakunda kahalAye / kintu padyanandine SaTkhaNDAgama para koI TIkA likhI thI, aneka kAraNoMse isa bAtako asandigdha rUpameM svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aisI koI TIkA na to vartamAnameM upalabdha hai na dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAmeM hI maiM usake koI cinha prApta karane meM samartha ho sakA / bAdake sAhityameM bhI usa TIkA kA koI ullekha prakAzameM nahIM aayaa| indranandike zrutAvatArake sivAya kisI anya granthameM bhI isa bAtakA nirdeza nahIM milatA ki kundakundane SadakhaNDAgama para koI TIkA likhI thii| vibudha zrIdharane apane zra tAvatArameM likhA hai ki kundakotine kundakundAcAryase donoM siddhAntoMkA jJAna prApta karake SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDopara bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa parikarma nAmaka zAstra racA / pramANoMke abhAvameM isakA nirNaya karanA zakya nahIM hai ki donoMmeMse kisane parikarmakI racanA kI / jahA~ taka kundakundakA prazna hai maiM usake viSayameM asaMdigdha nahIM hU~ kyoMki kundakundameM maiM TIkAkAritAkI apekSA siddhAnta vivecakatva hI vizeSa pAtA huuN| yadyapi donoM zra tAvatAra eka viSayameM eka mata hai ki kundakunda ke samayameM SaTkhaNDAgama vartamAna thA / kintu cUMki unake dUsare kathanameM bheda pAyA jAtA hai ataH kAlanirNayameM sahAyaka honekI dRSTise usapara vizeSa jora nahIM diyA jA sakatA / ataH ukta carcA ke prakAzameM zru tAvatArake kathanake AdhAra para DaoN0 upAdhyene isa bAta para ki kundakunda vIra ni0 saM0 683 ke pazcAt hone cAhiye, vizeSa jora dene meM apaneko asamartha batalAyA hai| cauthe muddeke sambandhameM DaoN0 upAdhyene mukhtAra sA0 kI sammatise apanI rajAmandI prakaTa karate hue DaoN. pAThakake ekIkaraNase pro0 cakravartIke ekIkaraNako samucita batalAyA hai| kintu usake sambandhameM eka kaThinAI yaha batalAI hai ki pallava rAjAoMkI vaMzAvalI aura kAlaparamparA anizcita hai| eka hI nAmake aneka rAjAoMkA ullekha vibhinna kAloMmeM pAyA jAtA hai| zivaskanda varmAkA nAma pallava vaMzAvalImeM pAMcavA hai aura usake pahale eka skanda varmAkA nAma hai| tathA unake zilAlekhoMmeM rAjya karaneke varSoMkA to nirdeza hai kintu kisI nizcita samvatkA nirdeza nahIM hai / ataH pallava rAjavaMzakA Arambha bhI kAlakramakI dRSTise anizcita hai / antameM DaoN0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki yadi jayasenake isa kathanakA ki kundakundane zivakumAra mahArAjake liye grantha racA, koI aitihAsika mUlya hai to pAThakake ekIkaraNakI apekSA zivakumAra mahArAjakA zivaskanda pallavanarezake sAtha ekIkaraNa adhika saMbhAvya hai|

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 119 pAMcaveM mudde para vicAra karate hue DaoN0 upAdhyene pro0 cakravartIke dvArA jisa DhaMgase kUndakundako kuralakA kartA sthApita kiyA gayA hai use prasiddha kuNDavadara nyAyakI saMjJA dI hai| phira bhI unhoMne isa bAtako svIkAra kiyA hai ki kuralameM bahutase aise jaina cihna milate haiM jinakI saMgati anya dharmose nahIM baiThAI jA sakatI / tathA jaina grantha nIlakezIkA TIkAkAra 'kurala'ko apanA pUjya dharma grantha batalAtA hai / Antarika sAkSiyoMke sAtha hI yaha bAta sUcita karatI hai ki kAfI sudIrgha kAlase jaina loga kuralake kartAko apanA dharmAnuyAyI mAnate Ane hai / ___ jahA~ taka kundakundakA prazna hai unakA nAma elAcArya thA, isa viSayameM jo pramANa upasthita kiye gaye haiM ve paryApta nahIM hai / ataH isakI puSTike lie abhI pramANoMkI AvazyakatA hai| aura yadi yaha pramANita ho AtA hai to yaha svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kundakunda kuralake racayitA haiM aura taba unheM IsAkI prathama zatAbdIkA vidvAn svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| antameM DaoN0 upAdhyene jo niSkarSa nikAlA hai vaha isa prakAra hai 1. jaina paTTAvalike anusAra vaha IsvI pUrva prathama zatAbdIke uttarArdha aura IsAkI prathama zatAbdIke pUrvArdhameM hue haiM / 2 unase pUrva SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA ho cukanekI saMbhAvanA unheM dUsarI zatAbdIke madhyake pazcAtkA batalAtI hai / 3. makarIke tAmrapatrake anusAra kundakundakI uttarAvadhi IsAkI tIsarI zatAbdIkA madhya honA cAhiye / 4. aura yadi yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki kundakundakA nAma elAcArya thA aura unhoMne kuralakI racanAkI thI tathA vaha pallavanareza zivaskanda varmAke samakAlIna the to unake samayakI sImA IsvI san kI prathama do zatAbdiyA~ honI caahie| prApta sAmagrIkI isa lambI chAna vInake pazcAt merA jhukAva isa vizvAsakI ora hai ki kundakundakA samaya isvI sankA prArambha hai / isa taraha DaoN0 upAdhyene paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayako hI prakArAntarase svIkAra kiyA hai / kundakundake samaya nirdhAraNake jitane bhI AdhAra ho sakate haiM una sabhIkI carcA tathA UhApoha pUrva vidvAnoMke dvArA ho cukA hai yaha Upara diye gaye unake matoMse prakaTa hai| jahA~ taka DAkTara pAThakake matakA prazna hai vaha to kisI bhI tarahase mAnya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kyoMki kundakudAcArya itane pIcheke AcArya nahIM hai / toraNAcArya kundakundake anvayake the ataeva yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ve unake 150 varSa pUrva hI hue the| Aja bhI jo matilekha aMkita kiye

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120 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa jAte haiM unameM kundakundAnvayakA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai jaba ki kundakundako hue lagabhaga do sahasrAbda bIta rahe haiN| isake sivAya pUjyapAda devanandi prathama digambara jaina TIkAkAra hai jinhoMne tatvArthasUtra para sarvArthasiddhi nAmakI TIkA racI hai| unakA samaya vikramakI chaThI zatAbdI hai| DA0 pAThakake zivamRgeza varmAkA bhI yahI samaya hai aura isI samayameM vaha kundakundakA honA batalAte haiM / kintu pUjyapAdane apanI sarvArthasiddhimeM (2-10 ) meM pA~ca gAthAe~ 'uktaM ca' karake uddhRtakI hai aura ve pAMcoM gAthAeM jisa kramase uddhRtakI gaI haiM usI kramase kundakundakI 'vArasa aNuvekkhA meM vartamAna haiM / tathA ye gAthAe~ anya kisI prAcIna granthameM nahIM pAI jaatii| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki pUjyapAdane unheM kundakundakI 'vArasaaNuvekkhA'se uddhRta kiyA hai| isake sivAya pUjyapAdake samAdhi' taMtrameM aneka zloka aise haiM jo kundakundakI gAthAoMke hI chAyA rUpa haiM / isa taraha donoM granthakAroMke granthoMke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai ki kundakundake granthoMse pUjyapAda suparicita the / ataH kundakunda unase pahale ho gaye haiM yaha nizcita hai| kundakundake samayake viSayameM vicAra karane vAle zeSa cAroM vidvAnoMko do bhAgoMmeM rakhA jA sakatA hai / eka bhAgameM pro0 cakravartI aura DA0 upAdhye Ate haiM dUsaremeM zrI nAthUrAmajI premI tathA paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtAra Ate haiN| 1. jaM mayA dissade rUpaM taM Na jANAdi savvahA / jANagaM dissade NaM taM tamhA jaMpemi keNahaM ||29||-mo0 pA0 'yanmayA dRzyate rUpaM tanna jAnAti sarvathA / jAnanna dRzyate rUpaM tataH kena bravImyaham ||19||-s0 taM0 / jo sutto vavahAre so joI jaggae sakajaMmi / jo jaggadi vavahAre so sutto appaNe kajje ||31||-mo0 pA0 vyavahAre suSupto yaH sa jAgAMtmagocare / jAgarti vyavahAre'smin suSuptazcAtmagocare ||78||-s0 taM x suheNa bhAvidaM gANaM duhe jAde viNassadi / tamhA jahAbalaM joI appA dukkhehiM bhAvae !||62||-mo0 pA0 aduHkhabhAvitaM jJAna kSIyate duHkhsnnidhau| tasmAdyathAbalaM duHkhairAtmAnaM bhAvayenmuniH ||-sN0 taM0

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 121 pro0 cakravartIne paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayako ThIka mAnakara tathA upalabdha sUcanAoMko AdhAra banAkara unake dvArA paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayakA hI samarthana kiyA hai| DA0 upAdhyene pro0 cakravartIke una AdhAroMko to sudRr3ha nahIM mAnA jinake AdhAra para unhoMne paTTAvalI pratipAdita samayakA samarthana kiyA hai, kintu mAnya usI samayako kiyA hai / inameMse pro0 cakravartIne to zrutAvatArameM varNita itivRttakA sparza hI nahIM kiyA / saMbhavatayA usa samaya unakI dRSTimeM vaha AyA nahIM hogaa| kintu DA0 upAdhyene pro0 cakravartIke AdhAroMkI taraha zrutAvatArakI vArtAkI bhI samIkSA kara DAlI / yaha to unhoMne mAnA hai ki zru tAvatArameM kunDakunDapurake jisa padmanandikA nAma AyA hai vaha AcArya kundakunda hI haiM kintu kundakundake dvArA SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para parikarma nAmaka granthake race jAnevAlI bAta unheM mAnya nahIM hai kyoMki SaTkhaNDAgamakI TIkA dhavalAmeM tathA kasAyapAhur3akI TIkA jayadhavalAmeM parikarmakA koI ullekha unheM nahIM milA aura na anyatrase hI unheM usake sambandhameM koI sUcanA milI / tathA vibudha zrIdharake zrutAvatArameM cUMki kundakundake ziSya kundakItiko usako kartA batalAyA hai, isase DA0 upAdhyene indranandike kathanakI yathArthatAmeM to sandeha kiyA aura usake AdhAra para use amAnya ThaharA diyA, kintu isa ora dhyAna nahIM diyA ki SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoMke Upara parikarma nAmaka grantha race jAnekI bAtako vibudha zrIdhara bhI mAnya karatA hai| prazna kevala yaha raha jAtA hai ki kundakundane use racA yA unake ziSya kundakotine racA / kundakundake koI kundakIrti nAmakA ziSya thA, isakA koI saMketa taka anyatra nahIM milatA aura na digambara jaina guru paramparAmeM kundakIrti nAmake kisI AcArya yA vidvAnkA hI saMketa milatA hai| DA0 upAdhyene kundakundakI jo kathA uddhRtakI hai usameM kundakundake pitAkA nAma kunda zreSThI aura mAtAkA nAma kundalatA likhA hai| jaise kathA lekhakane kundakunda nAmake Uparase unake mAtA pitAke nAma kalpita kara liye, isI taraha vibudha zrIdharane yA jahA~se usane yaha liyA ho usane kundakunda nAma parase unake ziSya kundakIrtikI kalpanA kara lii| kathAke donoM nAmoMmeM jitanA aura jaisA tathya hai utanA aura vaisA hI tathya vibadha zrIdharake kundakItimeM hai ataH vaha upekSaNIya hai| parikarma nAmakA eka mahAn graMtha vIrasena svAmIke sAmane vartamAna thaa| dhavalA TIkAmeM usake uddharaNa bahutAyatase pAye jAte haiN| usake sambandhameM SaTkhaNDAgamakI TIkAoM para vicAra karate samaya pIche vistase prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai aura yaha bhI siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA gayA ki usake racayitA kundakundAcArya hone cAhiye / ataH indranandikA yaha likhanA ki donoM siddhAnta

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122 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa graMtha koNDakunda purameM padmanandiko prApta hue aura unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya tIna khaNDoM para parikarma nAmakA graMtha racA yathArtha hai| ataH kundakundake samaya nirdhAraNake liye indranandike zra tAvatArakA kathana hI dRr3ha AdhAra ho sakatA hai aura isaliye zrI premI jIne tathA mukhtAra sAhabane jo usako AdhAra banAkara kundakundake samayakA vicAra kiyA ho vaha samucita pratIta hotA hai / tiloyapaNNattise lekara zrutAvatAra paryanta graMthoM meM mahAvIra nirvANase lekara antima ekAMgadhArI lohAcArya taka 683 varSa hote haiN| kintu nandI saMghakI prAkRta' paTTAvalIke anusAra 565 barSa hI hote haiM isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki anyatra pAMca ekAdazAMgadhAriyoM aura cAra ekAMgadhAriyoMkA samaya alaga alaga 220 aura 118 varSa batalAyA hai| kintu isa paTTAvalImeM unakA samaya kramazaH 123 aura 97 varSa batalAyA hai| arthAt 220 varSake bhItara nau hI AcArya A jAte haiN| isa taraha 118 varSa zeSa rahate haiN| sAtha hI pA~ca aura cAra AcAryoMkA kAla bhI 220 aura 118 varSoM ke sthAnameM 123 aura 97 varSa ucita pratIta hotA hai / isake sivAya tiloyapaNNati AdimeM ukta pA~ca AcAryoMke pazcAt hone vAle AcAryoMko eka aMgakA dhArI batalAyA hai jaba ki ve pA~ca AcArya gyAraha aMgoMke dhArI the| isa taraha akasmAt dasa aMgoMke lopa honekI bAta khaTakatI hai| kintu paTTAvalImeM unheM kramazaH dasa, nau, ATha aMgoMkA dhAraka batalAyA hai| jo ucita pratIta hotA hai| paTTAvalIke anusAra zeSa 118 varSoM meM pA~ca AcArya ekAMgadhArI hue unake nAma kramase arhadvali, mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI the| ataH paTTAvalIke anusAra vIra nirvANase 614 varSa bAda dharasenAcArya hue aura bhUtabalI paryanta 683 varSa pUrNa hue| dhavalAmeM joNIpAhaDa nAmaka eka granthakA nirdeza hai jo maMtra taMtrase sambaddha thaa| vi0 saM0 1556meM likhI gaI vahaTippaNikA nAmaka grantha sUcImeM ise dharasena kRta batalAyA hai aura usakA racanA kAla vIranirvANase 600 varSa bAda batalAyA hai| isase bhI paTTAvalImeM diye gaye kAlakI puSTi hotI hai| saMbhava 1. jai0 si0 bhA0, bhAga 1, ki0 4, pR0 73 / 2. 'joNipAhuDe bhaNida maMta-taMta-sattIo poggalANubhAgotti ghetavyo' -SaT khaM0, pu0 13, pR0 349 / 2. 'yoniprAbhRtaM vIrAt 600 dhArasenam / vRhaTippa0 jai0 sA0 saM0 bhA0 1 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 123 tayA paTTAsIna honese pahale unhoMne isa granthakA nirmANa kiyA hogA / 614 se 633 varSa taka vaha paTTAsIna rahe / usake pazcAt 30 varSa taka puSpadanta aura puSpadantake pazcAt bIsa varSa taka bhUtavalI paTTAsIna rahe / dhavalAke anusAra dharasenane apanA antima samaya nikaTa jAnakara mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRtake vicchedake bhayase do muniyoMko bulavAkara unheM mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta par3hAyA thA / aura usake pazcAt ve donoM muni puSpadanta aura bhUtavalI nAmase khyAta hue| unameM se puSpadanta to vizati prarUpaNAke sUtroMkA nirmANa karaneke pazcAt svargavAsI hue aura zeSa SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA bhUtavaline kI / ataH vIranirvANase 630 varSake pazcAt dharasenAcAryane unheM bulavAkara mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta par3hAyA hogA / usake pazcAt hI SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA honA saMbhava hai / puSpadanta aura bhUtabalikI kAlAvadhiko dRSTimeM rakhate hue vIranirvANa 650 ke pazcAt SaTkhaNDAgamakI utpatti huI hogI / ataH vIranirvANakI sAtavIM zatAbdIke tIsare caraNameM SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA kI parisamApti honA saMbhava pratIta hotA hai / isake pazcAt hI kundakundakA honA sambhava hai / kintu dhavalAmeM dI gaI SaTkhaNDAgamakI utpattikI kathAse dharasenake pazcAt tIsa varSa taka puSpadantakA jIvita rahanA saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotA / kyoMki dharasenase mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRtakA adhyayana karake varSA kAla to donoM ne aMkalezvarameM bitAyA thA / usake pazcAt puSpadantAcArya vanavAsa dezako cale gaye the aura unhoMne jinapAlitako dIkSA dekara vizati sUtroMkI racanA karake tathA use par3hAkara bhUtabalIke pAsa bheja diyA thA aura jinapAlitase unheM bhUtabalIko yaha jJAta ho gayA thA ki puSpadanta alpAyu hai ataH unhoMne tatkAla grantha racanA kara DAlI thI / ataH vIranirvANa samvat 630 ke lagabhaga yadi bhUtabalI puSpadantane mahAkarma - prakRti prAbhRtakA par3hA thA to SaTkhaNDAgamakI racanA 650 ke lagabhaga ho jAnA hI adhika sambhava pratIta hotA hai / sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalI bhadrabAhu dvitIyase zurU hotI hai / yaha bhadrabAhu dvitIya vahI jAna par3ate haiM jo lohAcAryake pUrvaja the aura nandisaMghakI paTTAvalImeM jinakA kAla vIranirvANa 492 se 515 taka batalAyA hai / sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalimeM ina bhadrabAhuke ziSyakA nAma guptigupta likhA hai tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki inakA dUsarA nAma arhadvali thA / aura guptiguptake uttarAdhikArI paTTadharakA nAma mAghanandi likhA hai / ye arhadvali aura mAghanandi ve hI jAna par3ate haiM jinheM nandisaMghakI prAkRta paTTAvalImeM lohAcAryake pazcAt rakhA hai / prAkRta paTTAvalImeM

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124 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa mAghanandike pazcAt dharasena aura kira kramazaH puSpadanta aura bhUtabalikA nAma AyA hai| kintu sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalImeM mAghanandike pazcAt jinacandra aura phira kundakundakA nAma AyA hai| yadi dharasenake pUrvaja mAghanandi aura jinacandrake pUrvaja mAghanandi eka hI vyakti haiM to kundakunda ke guru jinacandra dharasenAcAryake samakAlIna hone cAhiye aura taba kundakunda bhI puSpadanta bhUtabalike samakAlIna Thaharate haiN| ___ isase hama isI pariNAma para pahuMcate haiM ki SaTkhaNDAgamake Adya bhAga para parikarma nAmaka granthake racayitA kundakunda bhUtabali puSpadantase adhika samaya pazcAt nahIM hue / ataH unakA kAla vIranirvANa 650 se 700 taka ( vi0saM0 180 se 230 taka ) mAnanA hI samucita pratIta hotA hai| __ sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalImeM jo kundakunda svAmIkA paTTArohaNa kAla vi. saM0 49meM likhA hai vaha kaI bhUloMkA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai| prathama to usameM bhadrabAhu dvitIyakA paTTArohaNa kAla vi0saM0 4 se 26 taka diyA hai jabaki nandisaMghakI prAkRta paTTAvalIke anusAra vIranirvANa 492 se 515 taka ( vi0saM0 22 se 45 ) hotA hai| yaha 18 varSakA antara vikrama saMvatkI pravRttike viSayameM matabhedake kAraNa huA jAna par3atA hai kyoMki paTTAvalImeM vIranirvANase 470 varSa bAda vikramakA janma mAnA hai| 18 varSakI umrameM vaha gaddI para baiThA thaa| ataH usameM rAjyakAlase vikrama saMvatkI pravRtti mAnakara vaisA likhA hai| paTTAvalImeM likhA bhI hai-'bahuri' vikramake rAjapada maiM varSa catvAri 4 pocha pUrvokta bhadrabAhukU AcAryakA paTTa huA / ' ___ isa taraha 18 varSakA to yaha antara rhaa| tathA isa paTTAvalImeM guptigupta upanAma arhadvalikA paTTAsIna kAla 9 // varSa, mAghanandikA 4 // varSa mAnA hai jabaki prAkRta paTTAvalImeM arhadvalikA 28 varSa aura mAghanandikA 21 varSa kAla mAnA hai| isa prakAra paTTAsIna kAlameM bhI antara honese hamAre nirdhArita kiye hue kAlameM aura sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalIke kAlameM itanA antara par3a gayA hai / vaise paTTAvalIse kundakundake ukta kAlakAM samarthana hotA hai| eka anya AdhArase bhI ukta kAlakA samarthana hotA hai| vidvadjana bodhakameM nIce likhe zloka ko umAsvAmIke samaya varNanakA prasiddha zloka likhA hai| zloka isa prakAra hai 1. I0 eM0, ji0 21, pR0 57 para pro0 hAnale kA lekha-'Three Patta valies of the Digambaras'i 2. ra0 zrA0 kI prastA0, pR0 147 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 125 varSe saptazate caiva saptatyA ca vismRtau / umAsvAmi munirjAtaH kundakundastathaiva ca // isameM batalAyA hai ki umAsvAmI AcArya vIranirvANase 770 varSa bAda hue| athavA 770 varSa taka unake samayakI maryAdA hai| pIchese 'kundakundastathaiva ca' likhakara yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki kundakundakA bhI yahI samaya hai athavA kundakunda bhI isI samayake bhItara ho gaye haiN| sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvalImeM to kundakundake anantara hI umAsvAmIkA AcArya pada para pratiSThita honA likhA hai aura usase aisA prakaTa hotA hai mAnoM umAsvAmI kundakundake ziSya the| parantu zravaNavelagolAke zilAlekhoMmeM umAsvAmIkA kundakundase ThIka bAdameM ullekha na karake 'tadanvaye' aura 'tadIyavaMze' zabdoMke dvArA kundakundakA vaMzaja prakaTa kiyA hai| mukhtAra sA0 kahanA hai ki yaha vaMzajatva kucha dUravartI mAlUma nahIM hotaa| ho sakatA hai ki umAsvAti kundakundake ziSya na hokara praziSya rahe hoM aura isIse 'tanvaye' Adi padoMke prayogakI jarUrata par3I ho| isa taraha bhI donoM kitane hI aMzoMmeM samakAlIna ho sakate haiM aura umAsvAmIke samayakI samAptiko prakArAntarase kundakundake samayakI samApti bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| zAyada yahI vajaha ho, jo ukta padyameM umAsvAtikA samaya batalAkara pIchese 'kundakundastathaiva ca' zabdoMke dvArA yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki kundakundakA bhI yahI samaya hai| ukta zlokase umAsvAtikA samaya vi0 saM0 300 yA 300 taka jAtA hai| aura cUMki ve kundakundake hI anvayameM hote hue bhI donoMke bIcameM dIrghakAlakA antara nahIM thA ataH kundakundakA ukta samaya vi0 saM0 180-230 ucita hI hai / yaha samaya DA0 upAdhyeke dvArA anumApita samaya (IsvI san kI prathama do zatAbdI) ke bhI anukUla hai|| kundakunda aura yativRSabha indra nandike zru tAvatArameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki kaSAya prAbhUta grantha bhI kundakundako prApta huA thA tathA usa kaSAya prAbhUtameM guNadhara racita gAthA sUtra, yativRSabha racita cUrNisUtra aura uccAraNAcArya racita uccAraNAvRtti sammilita 1. 'abhUdumAsvAtimunizvaro'sAvAcAryazabdottaragRddhapicchaH / tadanvaye tatsadRzo' sti nAnyastAtkAlikAzeSapadArthavedI ||7||-jai. zi0 saM0 bhA0 1, le0 naM0 40, 42, 43, 47, 50 / / amRdumAsvAtimuniH pavitre vaMze tadIye sklaarthvedii| sUtrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArtha jAtaM munipuMgavena ||11||-jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1, le0 naM0 108 /

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126 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa the| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki kundakunda kevala yativRSabhake hI pazcAt nahIM hue kintu yativRSabhake cUrNisUtroM para uccAraNA vRtti racanevAle uccAraNAcAryake bhI pazcAt hue haiN| cUrNisUtroMke racayitA AcArya yativRSabhake samayake sambandhameM pahale likhA jA cukA hai| vartamAnameM jo tiloyapaNNatti grantha upalabdha hai usake racayitA bhI yativRpabha hI the / kintu usameM kundakundake granthoMkI bahuta sI gAthAeM jyoMkI tyoM pAI jAtI haiN| usake sambandhameM bhI pIche likhA jA cukA hai| ve gAthAe~ ti0 pa0 meM kundakundake granthoMse lI gaI haiM / cUki ti0pa0 apane mUlarUpameM upalabdha nahIM hai, pIchese usameM mizraNa huA hai tathApi usameM jo bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANa kAla se lekara eka hajAra varSa takakI rAjakAla gaNanA pAI jAtI hai usase yaha spaSTa hai ki vikrama sambatkI chaThI zatAbdIse pUrva usakI racanA nahIM huii| jaba ki kundakunda usase pahale ho cuke the, yaha nizcita hai| ataH ti0 pa0 ke dekhanese to yativRSabha kundakundake pazcAt hue haiM yahI nizcita hotA hai| kintu yativRSabha ne kasAyapAhuDakA adhyayana AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastIse kiyA thA / zvetAmbara paTTAvalIke anusAra nAgahastIkA samaya vIranirvANakI sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| ataH cUNisUtrakAra yativRSabha kundakundake samakAlIna siddha hote haiM / isaliye jahA~ taka guNadhara racita kasAyapAhuMDakI kundakundako prApti honekA prazna hai vahA~ taka to usameM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| cUrNisUtroMkI prApti bhI saMbhava ho sakatI hai, kintu uccAraNA vRtti vAlI bAta to saMgata pratIta nahIM hotii| uccAraNAcAryakA samaya yadyapi anirNIta hai tathApi vaha yativRSadhake samakAlIna jJAta nahIM hote| kyoMki vIrasena svAmIne yadyapi uccAraNAcAryakI vRttike AdhAra para hI jayadhavalA. TIkAkI racanA kI hai tathApi unhoMne cUNisUtroMkI taraha uccAraNAko kaSAyaprAbhRtakA aMgabhUta nahIM mAnA / ataH kundakundakA ukta samaya yativRSabhakI dRSTise bhI ucita hI pratIta hotA hai / ___ kundakundAnvaya aura mUlasaMgha kundakundAnvayakA sabase prAcIna ullekha markarAse prApta tAmrapatra' (95) meM milatA hai| isameM gaMgavaMzI nareza koguNi prathamase lekara avinIta takakI vaMzAvalI dI gaI hai / aura likhA hai ki avinIta mahArAjase desiga (desIya) gaNa koNDa kunda anvayake guNacandra bhaTArake ziSya abhayanandi bhaTAra, unake ziSya zIlabhadra bhaTAra, unake ziSya jayaNandi bhaTAra, unake ziSya guNanandi bhaTAra, unake ziSya candraNandi bhaTArako talavana nagarake zrI vijaya jinAlayake mandirake 1. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA. 2, pR0 63 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 127 liye badaNeguppe nAmakA sundara gA~va dAnameM prApta kara akAlavarSa pRthvI ballabhake maMtrIne saMvatsara 388 ke mAgha mahIne kI zukla paMcamI somavArako svAtinakSatrake samaya ise bheMTa kiyaa| isa tAmrapatrameM saMvatakA nAma nahIM diyA gayA hai, lekhakA paricaya dene vAle varjesa mahodayane lekhake sambatko vilsana sAhabake mekenjI kalekzanake AdhAra para zaka sambat mAnA hai kintu jyotiSa zAstrake AdhAra para ukta saMbat ke dina aura nakSatrako ThIka nahIM btlaayaa| tathA kucha aitihAsika anupapatiyAM bhI haiN| ataH use asalI mAnanemeM sandeha kiyA jAtA hai / kintu noNamaMgalase prApta tAmrapatra (94) meM ukta vaMzaparamparAke sAtha koMguNivarmA apara nAma avinItake dvArA apane kalyANake liye apane bar3hate hue rAjya ke prathama varSakI phAlguna sudI paMcamIko, apane upAdhyAya paramahita vijayakIrtikI sammatise mUlasaMghake candranandi Adike dvArA pratiSThApita uranUrake jainamandirako dAna denekA nirdeza hai| markarAke tAmrapatrameM bhI avinItane candranandi bhaTArako dAna diyA hai aura usa candra nandiko mUlasaMghakA batalAyA hai| kintu markarAke tAmrapatrameM use kundakundAnvaya tathA desiyagaNakA batalAyA hai| DA0 gulAbacandrane likhA hai ki koNDakundAnvayake sAtha dezIyagaNakA sarvaprathama prayoga lekha naM0 150 ( san 931 meM) huA hai aura markarAke tAmrapatrameM avinItake sAtha akAla varSake maMtrIkA ullekha hai| akAla varSa rASTrakUTa nareza thaa| isa parase anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki makarAke tAmrapatrako ukta rAjAke kAlameM punaH likhA gayA tabhI usameM kundakundAnvayake sAtha dezIyagaNake AcAryoMke nAma likha diye gaye haiN| kintu mUla tAmrapatra prAcIna haiN| aura usameM kundakundAnvayakA nirdeza bhI honA saMbhava hai| kyoMki kundakundAcArya vikramakI dUsarI tIsarI zatAbdImeM ho gaye haiM aura koNDakundapurake nivAsI honeke kAraNa hI vaha kundakundAcArya nAmase khyAta hue / yadyapi aruGgalAnvaya, zrIpurAnvaya, aura kittUrAnvayakI taraha kundakundAnvayakA bhI artha kuNDakundapurase nikalA munivaMza kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu uttarakAlameM kundakundAcAryakA prayoga jisa rUpameM pAyA jAtA hai aura prAyaH sabhI AcArya paramparAyeM apaneko kundakundAnvayI batalAtI haiM usase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki kundakundAnvayakA artha AcArya kundakundakA anvaya liyA gayA hai| aura isI arthameM usakA prayoga huA hai| ataH markarAke mUla tAmrapatrameM yadi kundakundAnvayakA ullekha rahA ho to vaha koI asaMgata nahIM hai| hA~ 1. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 3, prastA0 pR0 47 Adi / 2. jai0zi0 saM0, bhA. 2, pR0 60 /

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128 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa kundakundAnvayake sAtha desiyagaNa tathA usake AcAryoMkA nAma pIchese jor3a diyA gayA ho, yaha saMbhava hai / markarAke pazcAt zaka samvat 719 aura 724 ( vi0 saM0 854 aura 859 ) ke tAmrapatroMmeM kundakundAnvayakA ullekha milatA hai / yaha vahI tAmrapatra haiM jinake AdhAra para DA0 pAThakane kundakundakA samaya zaka samvat 450 ke lagabhaga mAnA hai / udhara markarAse prApta tAmrapatra ( 94 ) meM candranandiko mUlasaMghakA batalAyA hai / yaha vahI candranandi hai jise tAmrapatra ( 95 ) meM kundakundAnvayakA batalAyA hai / ataH kundakundAnvaya aura mUlasaMghakA nirdeza lagabhaga samakAlIna milatA hai / eka tAmrapatrameM candranandiko mUlasaMghakA batalAnA aura dUsaremeM kundakundAnvaya kA batalAnA ( jisakI sthiti abhI sunizcita nahIM hai kintu saMbhAvya hai ) kundakundAnvaya aura mUlasaMghako samAnArthaka nahIM to parasparameM sambaddha avazya prakaTa karatA hai / baTTarAcArya viracita mUlAcArakA ullekha tiloyapaNNatti ( 8 532 ) meM pAyA jAtA hai / mUlAcArakA matalaba mUlasaMghakA AcAra hotA hai / ataH usakI racanAse pUrva avazya hI mUlasaMgha sthApita ho cukA thA / mUlasaMghakA mUla AcAra muniyoMke aTThAIsa mUla guNa aura nagna digambaratva hai / usIkA pratipAdana aura samarthana sabase prathama kundakundake granthoMmeM milatA / ataH kundakundAnvayakI taraha yadi mUlasaMghake udgamake pradhAna kundakunda rahe ho to vaha koI aisI bAta nahIM hai jise svIkAra karanemeM koI bAdhA ho / grantha racanA - aisI kimvadantI hai ki kundakundAcAryane 84 pAhur3oMkI racanAkI thI / 'pAhur3a' zabda prAcIna dvAdazAMgase sambaddha hai / bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda ke antargata caudaha pUrvomeM 'pAhuDa' nAmaka avAntara adhikAra the / jaise 'mahAkarmaprakRti pAhuDa' athavA ' kasAyapAhuDa' / inameMse pahalA mahAkarmaprakRti pAhuDa dvitIya agrAyaNIya pUrvake antargata thA usIse SaTkhaNDAgamakI utpatti huI hai / tathA dUsarA kasAyapAhuDa jJAna pravAha nAmaka pA~caveM pUrvake antargata dasaveM vastu-adhikArameM tIsarA pAhur3a thA / usIko guNagharAcAryane kasAyapAhuDameM upasaMhRta kiyA / AcArya kundakundane bhI apane granthoMkA nAma 'pAhur3Anta' rakhA hai / jaise unhoMne apaneko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukA ziSya ghoSita karake na kevala unake prati apanI gaharI AsthAko prakaTa kiyA hai balki isa bAtako bhI pramANita kiyA hai ki unheM guru paramparAoMse zrutakA jo jJAna prApta huA thA vaha zruta

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 129 kevalI bhadravAhukI dena thA / usI taraha unhoMne apane granthoMke nAma pAhuDAnta rakhakara prAcIna zruta paripATIke prati apanI AsthAko prakaTa karaneke sAtha hI sAtha apane granthoMko bhI usIkA aMgabhUta darzAyA hai| kundakundake pazcAt race gaye granthoMmeM pAhuDAnta nAma kvacit hI pAyA jAtA hai| kasAyapAhuDa' para cUrNisUtroMke rarcA tA AcArya yativRSabhane 'jahmA padehi pudaM ( phuDaM ) tahmA pAhuDaM' aisI pAhuDa zabdakI nirukti kI hai| arthAt padoMse sphuTa hai-vyakta hai isaliye use pAhur3a kahate haiM / 'pAhur3a' prAkRta zabda hai usakA saMskRta rUpa prAbhUta' hotA hai / kasAyapAhur3akI jayadhavalA TIkAke racayitA vIrasena svAmIne prAbhRta zabdakI nirukti isa prakArakI hai-'prakRSTa arthAt tIrthaGkaroMke dvArA jo AbhRt arthAt prasthApita kiyA gayA hai vaha prAbhRta hai| athavA jinakA vidyA hI dhana hai aise prakRSTa AcAryoMke dvArA jo dhAraNa kiyA gayA hai athavA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai, athavA paraMparA rUpase lAyA gayA hai vaha prAbhRta hai / prAbhRta zabdakI ye niruktiyA~ kundakundAcAryake granthoMmeM sughaTita hotI haiN| unhoMne jo kucha kahA hai vaha tIrthaGkaroMke dvArA prasthApita kiyA gayA hai, tathA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu jaise AcAryoMke dvArA dhAraNa kiA gayA aura lAyA gayA hai / tathA kundakunda jaise mahAn AcAryake dvArA AAna kiyA gayA hai| ataH unake granthoMkA pAhuDAnta nAma yathArtha haiN| darzanaprAbhRta, cAritraprAbhRta, sUtraprAbhRta, bodhaprAbhRta, bhAvaprAbhRta, mokSaprAbhRta, liMgaprAbhata, zIlaprAbhRta, rayaNasAra, vAraha aNuvekkhA, samayasAra, pravacanasAra, paJcAstikAya aura niyamasAra, abhI taka kundakunda svAmIke dvArA racita itane hI grantha upalabdha haiN| inake sivAya jo anya grantha kundakunda racita kahe jAte haiM kintu anupalabdha haiM, unake nAma isa prakAra hai-1. AcArapAhuDa', 2. AlApapAhuDa, 3. aMga (sAra) pAhuDa, 4. ArAdhanA (sAra) pAhuDa, 5. baMdha (sAra) pAhuDa, 6. buddhi yA bodhi pAhuDa, 7. cAraNapAhuDa, 8. cUlipAhuDa, 9. cUNipAhuDa, 10. divvapAhuDa, 11. dravya (sAra) pAhuDa, 12. dRSTipAhuDa, 13. iyantapAhuDa, 14. jIvapAhuDa, 15. joNi (sAra) pAhuDa, 16. karmavipAkapAhuDa, 17. 1. ka. pA0, bhAga 1, pR0 326 / 2. 'prakRSTena tIrthakareNa AbhRtaM prasthApitaM iti prAbhRtam / prakRSTairAcAryavidyAvittavadbhirAbhutaM dhAritaM vyAkhyAnamAnItamiti vA prAbhRtam |'-k0 pA0, bhA0 1, pR0 325 / 3. pravacanasArakI DA0 upAdhye likhita aMgrejI prastAvanAse yaha sUcI dI gaI hai| inameM aneka nAma kalpita pratIta hote haiN|

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130 : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa karmapAhuDa, 18. kriyAsArapAhuDa, 19. kSapaNA (sAra) pAhuDa, 20 labdhi (sAra) pAhuDa, 21. loyapAhuDa, 22. nayapAhuDa, 23. nityapAhuDa, 24. nokammapAhuDa, 25. paMcavargapAhuDa, 26. payaDDhapAhuDa, 27. payapAhuDa, 28. prakRtipAhuDa, 29. pramANapAhuDa, 30. salamIpAhuDa, 31. saMthAnapAhuDa, 32. samavAyapAhuDa, 33. SaTdarzanapAhuDa, 34. siddhAntapAhuDa, 35. sikkhApAhuDa, 36. sthAnapAhuDa, 37. tattva (sAra) pAhuDa, 38. toyapAhuDa, 39. oghAtapAhuDa (?), 40 utpAdapAhuDa, 41. vidyApAhuDa, 42. vastupAhuDa, 43 vihiya yA vihayapAhuDa / uddezya tathA zailI - AcAra pradhAna jaina paramparAmeM aMgajJAnake uttarAdhikArI zramaNa hI hote the / saMsArase virakta zramaNa rAta-dina dhyAna aura adhyayanameM hI tallIna rahate the / unameM jJAnake arjana tathA saMrakSaNakI pravRttikA bAhulya thA / vaidika paramparAmeM jo kArya brAhmaNoM kA thA vahI kArya jaina paramparAmeM zramaNoM kA thA / AtmArthI mumukSu zramaNa zAstrAbhyAsake dvArA eka ora AtmakalyANa karate the aura dUsarI ora zrutakI rakSA karate the / unhIke dvArA zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoMko bhI AcAra aura vicAra viSayaka bodha prApta hotA thA / kundakundAcAryane apane granthoMkI racanA pradhAna rUpase zramaNoMko lakSyameM rakhakara unhIMke uddezase kI hai / unake dvArA racita pAhuDa zramaNAcAra viSayaka zikSAse otaprota haiM / zramaNoMke sambandha meM kundakundane jitanA likhA hai aura jitanA khulakara pramAdI zramaNoMkI AlocanA kI hai, kisI dUsare granthakArane na utanA likhA hai aura na utanI khulakara AlocanA kI hai / pAhuDa, aura mokkhapAhuDa to usIse bhare haiM / samayasAra aura zramaNoMko tattva jJAnakA bodha karAneke liye hI race gaye haiM / suttapAhuDa, bhAvapravacana sAra bhI kundakundake granthoMkI zailI sarala aura spaSTa hai usameM durUha jaisI bAta nahIM hai / unhoMne jo kucha kahA hai bahuta sIdhe sAde zabdoM meM kahA hai / jaina adhyAtma kA mukuTamaNi samayasAra usakA pratyakSa udAharaNa hai / adhyAtma jaise viSayakA pratipAdana vividha dRSTAntoMke dvArA itanI sugama rItise kiyA gayA hai ki moTIse moTI buddhi vAlA bhI use AsAnIse samajha sakatA hai / vaha mAtAke dUdhakI taraha supAcya aura avikArI hai / usake avalokanase AcArya kundakundakI agAdha vidvattA kintu sugama pratipAdana zailIkA spaSTa paricaya milatA hai / pravacanasArakA vastu nirUpaNa avazya hI tarka pradhAna zailIko liye hue hai / kintu phira bhI durUha nahIM hai / jahA~ samayasArase unake sAMkhya darzana aura upaniSad viSayaka pANDityakA patA calatA hai vahA~ pravacanasArase jJAta hotA hai ki kundakunda nyAya-vaizeSika darzanake bhI paNDita the / aura

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 139 bauddhoMke vijJAnAdvaitavAda tathA zUnyavAda bhI unase ajJAta nahIM the / isa sva-para samayajJatA ke kAraNa hI ve jaina tattva jJAnakA parimita zabdoMke dvArA parimArjita zailImeM nirUpaNa kara sake aura unakA vahI nirUpaNa Ageke liye AdhAra zilA banA / bhASA - DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene pravacanasArakI apanI prastAvanA ke antameM pravacanasArakI bhASAke sambandhameM vistAra se vicAra kiyA hai aura vibhinna matoMkI samIkSA bhI kI hai / kundakundake anya granthoMkI taraha pravacanasArakI bhASA bhI prAkRta hai / kintu usameM zvetAmbara AgayoMkI ardha mAgadhI bhASAke bahutase rUpa pAye jAte haiM, aura saMskRtakA bhI gaharA prabhAva hai, sAtha hI usakA pAlanapoSaNa saurasenIkI pRSTha bhUmimeM huA hai / isase pizalane use 'jaina saurasenI' nAma diyA hai / DA0 jekobI ne zvetAmbaroMke Agamottara kAlIna sAhityakI prAkRtako, jo ardhamAgadhI aura mahArASTrIkA mizrita rUpa hai, jaina mahArASTrI kahA hai / pizalakA ukta nAmakaraNa isase pUrNatayA mela khAtA hai / kintu kucha jarmana vidvAna 'jaina saurasenI' nAmase sahamata nahIM haiM / 1928 meM DA0 zutrigaMne dehalImeM jo bhASaNa diyA thA usameM unhoMne apane eka ziSyakI 'mUlAcAra' tathA anya pramukha digambara granthoMke sambandhameMkI gaI khojoMkA havAlA dete hue antameM kahA thA ki bhaviSya batalAyegA ki pizalake dvArA prastAvita jaina saurasenI nAma kahA~ taka ucita hai / 'DA0 zubriMgake eka ziSya DA0 vAlTara Deneka ( Denocke ) ne 1922 meM 'digambara TeksaTas' zIrSakase eka mahA nibandha likhA thA / usameM DA0 Denekane vaTTakerake mUlAcAra, kumArakI kArtikeyAnuprekSA tathA kundakundake chappAhuDa ( SaT prAbhRta ), samayasAra aura paJcAstikAya Adi digambarIya prAkRta granthoMkI bhASAke sambandha meM carcA kI hai / unakI carcAkA eka mAtra viSaya ina granthoMkI bhASA hai / aura usameM unhoMne jo udAharaNa diye haiM ve adhikatara SaT prAbhRtase liye gaye haiM / unhoMne likhA hai ki ina granthoMkI bhASA ardhamAgadhI, jaina mahArASTrI aura zaurasenIse prabhAvita hai / unhoMne jo udAharaNa diye haiM unameM se kucha udAharaNoMse vaha saMskRtake prabhAvako bhI svIkAra karane meM AgA pIchA nahIM kara sakeMge / unhoMne chappAhuDa tathA kArtikeyAnuprekSAse kucha apabhraMza rUpa diye haiM, kintu pravacanasArase unhoMne eka bhI apabhraMza zabdakA udAharaNa nahIM diyA / DA0 upAdhyeke matAnusAra akele kundakundake chappAhuDameM apabhraMza zabdoMkA adhika rUpameM pAye jAnekA kAraNa yaha hai ki chappAhur3a sarala haiM ataH usakA paThana pAThana 1. pR0 121 - 123 /

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132 : janasAhityakA itihAsa adhika hotA AyA hai, prAcIna samaya meM unake par3haneke liye TIkAeM bhI Avazyaka nahIM thiiN| chappAhur3a para sambhavatayA eka hI TIkA likhI gaI hai, jo upalabdha hai aura jisake racayitA zrutasAgara (vi0 16vIM zatI ) haiN| isI liye chappAhuDameM yatra tatra apabhraMza zabda pAye jAye jAte haiN| ataH DA0 upAdhyene digambara granthoMkI prAkRta bhApAke liye pizalake dvArA sujhAe gaye nAmako bilkula upayukta mAnA hai aura kevala parivartana ke liye usameM kucha parivartana karanA anAvazyaka batalAyA hai| adhyAtmavAdakA udgama aura prasAra pahale likha Ae~ haiM AcArya kundakunda jaina adhyAtma aura jaina tattvajJAna donoM ke hI puraskartA haiM / aura yadyapi ye donoM hI viSaya dravyAnuyogake antargata Ate haiM / kintu donoM ke dRSTikoNameM bheda honese yahA~ donoMkA pRthak-pRthak kathana kiyA jAtA hai / mabase prathama adhyAtmako lete haiM / AtmAko AdhAra mAnakara jo cintana aura AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai use adhyAtma kahate haiM / Aja bhAratIya dharmoMkI aisI koI bhI paramparA upalabdha nahIM hai jisameM AtmAko eka yA dUsare nAmase svIkAra na kiyA gayA ho| veda jaise prAcInatama sAhityameM AdhyAtmika jijJAsA aura zodhake sUcaka udgAra milate haiM prAcIna upaniSadoMmeM to AdhyAtmika jijJAsA aura vicAraNA vividharUpoMmeM milatI hai| pUrva pIThikAmeM usapara vistArase prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai yahA~ usakA AbhAsa diyA jAtA hai| kaTha upaniSadameM naciketA aura yamameM saMvAdake dvArA AtmAkA kyA svarUpa hai, kyA vaha mRtyuke bAda jIvita rahatA hai ? yadi jIvita rahatA hai to kahA~ calA jAtA hai, ityAdi praznoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| ArUNi uddAlaka RSike putra naciketA nAmaka bAlakane yamarAjake dvArA pradatta tIsare varakI yAcanA karate hue kahA yeyaM prete vicikitsA manuSye'stItyeke nAyamastIti caike| . etadvidyAmanuziSTastvayAhaM varANAmeSa varastRtIyaH // 20 // 'bhagavAn' mRta manuSyake sambandhameM yaha eka bar3A sandeha phailA huA hai| kucha loga to kahate haiM ki mRtyu ke vAda bhI AtmAkA astitva rahatA hai aura kucha loga kahate haiM, nahIM rahatA / isa viSayameM Apa apanA anubhava batalAIye' / yamarAjane bAlaka naciketAko laukika abhyudayoMkA pralobhana dekara use AtmaviSayaka jijJAsAse virata karanA cAhA kintu naciketA kisI pralobhanameM nahIM

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 133 AyA / taba yamarAjako usakI jijJAsA zAnta karanI par3I / 'na to yaha AtmA janma letA hai aura na maratA hai / na yaha kisIse utpanna hotA hai aura na kisIko utpanna karatA hai / yaha nitya aura zAzvata hai| zarIrakA nAza honepara bhI usakA nAza nahIM hotA / tathA -- ' yaha AtmA na to pravacanase, na buddhise aura na bahuta sunanese hI prApta ho sakatA hai / jo isake pIche par3a jAtA hai vahI use prApta kara sakatA hai / ' antameM yamarAja AtmAkA svarUpa isa prakAra batalAte haiMazabdamasparzamarUpamavyayaM tathArasaM nityamagandhavacca yat / anAdyanantaM mahataH paraM dhruvaM nicAyya tanmRtyumukhAt pramucyate // 15 // 'yaha AtmA zabda rahita hai, sparza rahita haiM, rUpa rahita hai, rasa rahita hai, gandha rahita hai, nitya, avinAzI, anAdi aura ananta hai / use jAnakara manuSya mRtyuke mukhase chuTakArA pA jAtA hai' / chAndogya upaniSada prAcInatama upaniSadoMmeM mAnA jAtA hai / isameM bhI AtmajijJAsA viSayaka aneka saMvAda haiM / jinase prakaTa hotA hai ki usa samaya taka vaidika RSi AtmAko nahIM jAnate the / aura usake jAnaneke liye ve kSatriyoMke pAsa jAte the / 1 tRtIya khaNDameM likhA hai ki AruNikA putra zvetaketu paJcAladezIya janoMkI sabhAmeM gayA / usase jIvalake putra pravAhaNane kahA -- kumAra ! kyA pitAne tujhe zikSA dI hai / usane kahA- hA~, bhagavan / kyA tujhe mAlUma hai ki isa lokase jAnepara prajA kahA~ jAtI hai ? nahIM, bhagavan ! kyA tU jAnatA hai ki vaha phira isa lokameM kaise AtI hai / nahIM bhagavan ! isa taraha pA~ca praznoMkA uttara vetaketune nahIM meM diyA / taba pravAhaNane use phaTakArate hue kahA - to phira aisA kyoM kahatA haiM ki mujhe zikSA dI gaI hai / jo ina bAtoMko nahIM jAnatA vaha apaneko zikSita kaise kaha sakatA hai ? taba becArA zvetaketu apane pitAke pAsa AyA / pitAne saba bAteM sunakara kahA- ina praznoMkA uttara to maiM bhI nahIM jAnatA / taba usakA pitA rAjA jaivali ke pAsa gayA aura kahA ki Apane mere putrake prati jo bAta prazna rUpase kahI thI vahIM mujhe batalAiye / taba rAjAne RSise kahA -- gautama, pUrvakAlameM tumase pahale yaha vidyA brAhmaNoMke pAsa nahIM gaI / isIse sampUrNa lokoMmeM isa vidyAke dvArA kSatriyoMkA hI anuzAsana hotA rahA hai / dUsarI ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki AtmavidyAke sAmane vedavidyAkA mahattva usa samaya mara calA thA / saptama adhyAyameM likhA hai ki nArada jI sanatkumArajI ke pAsa gaye aura bole--mujhe upadeza dIjiye / sanatkumAra jIne kahA- tuma kyA

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134 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa jAnate ho so batalAo / nArada jI bole-bhagavan ! maiM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda aura cauthA atharvaveda jAnatA huuN| inake sivAya itihAsa purANarUpa pAMcavA veda, vyAkaraNa, gaNita, nidhizAstra, tarka zAstra, nIti, devavidyA brahmavidyA Adi saba jAnatA hU~ / kintu maiM kevala mantravettA hU~ AtmavettA nahIM huuN| maiMne sunA hai ki AtmavettA zokako pArakara letA hai parantu maiM zoka karatA huuN| mujhe zokase pArakara diijiye| taba sanatkumAra jIne kahA-tuma jo kucha jAnate ho vaha kevala nAma hai / laba nAradane pUchA-bhagavan kyA nAmase bhI adhika kucha hai / nArada jI isa taraha pUchate gaye aura sanatkumAra jI uttara dete gaye / antameM jAkara sanatkumArajIne kahA-Atmadarzanase hI sabakI prApti ho jAtI hai| ____ isa taraha maMtravettA brahmarSiyoMkA jyoM-jyoM AkarSaNa rAjarSiyoMkI AtmavidyAkI ora bar3hatA gayA tyoM-tyoM unakI yajJoMke prati aruci bhI bar3hatI gii| isakA udAharaNa muNDakopaniSad meM dekhaneko milatA hai / usameM yajJarUpa aTThAraha naukAoMko ar3ha batalAte hue kahA hai ki 'unake dvArA saMsAra samudrase pAra honA to dUra rahA, isa lokake vartamAna duHkharUpa choTI-sI nadIko pAra karake svarga taka pahu~canemeM bhI sandeha hai| jo mUrkha loga unheM hI kalyANakA mArga samajha kara unakI prazaMsA karate haiM ve vArambAra, jarAmaraNako prApta hote haiN|' isIse upaniSadoMko vedAnta bhI kahate haiM / unhoMne eka tarahase vedoMkA anta kara diyA thA / upaniSadoMmeM varNita adhyAtmavAdako upaniSadoM jitanA hI prAcIna samajha lenA bhrAnta hai usakA srota sudUravartI bhUtakAlameMse bahatA AyA hai| sindhu ghATIse prApta avazeSa isa bAtake sAkSI haiM ki usa samaya yogakA pracAra thaa| yogakA adhyAtmase sambandha hai| jainoMkI mAnyatAke anusAra, prathama tIrthakara bhagavAn RSabhadeva yoga aura adhyAtmake janaka the| upaniSadoMke kAlameM vArANasImeM teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha bhI yogI the aura unase 250 varSa bAda hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne to 12 varSoM taka kaThora tapazcaryA kI thii| ye saba kSatriya the aura unheM kSatriyoMkI AtmavidyA uttarAdhikArake rUpameM prApta huI thii| jaina zAstroM 1. 'plavA hyate adRr3hA yajJarUpA aSTAdazoktamavaraM yeSu karma / etacche yo ye'bhi vandanti mUDhA jarAmRtyuM te punarevApi yAnti ||7||-munnddko / 'bamhaNeNa godamagotteNa sayaladussudipAraeNa jIvAjIvavisayasaMdehaviNAsaNaTThamuvagamavaDDhamANa-pAdamUleNa idNbhuudinnaavhaarido| uttaM ca-gottaNa godamo vippo cAuvveyasaDaMgavi / NAmeNa idaMbhUditti sIlavaM bamhaNuttamo ||-prkh0, pu0 1, pR0 64-65 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 135 ke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya indrabhUti gautama veda-bedAMgameM pAraMgata the kintu unheM jIvake viSayameM sandeha thA aura usI sandehako dUra karaneke lie vaha bhagavAn mahAvIrake samIpa gaye aura unake ziSya bana gye| Avazyaka niyuktimeM bhagavAn mahAvIrake gyAraha gaNadharoMke dvArA bhagavAn mahAvIrake pAsa jAkara apanI zaMkA nivRtti karake unake ziSya bananekA kathana vistArase kiyA hai| una gaNadharoMke manameM jina viSayoMko lekara zaMkAeM thIM ve isa prakAra hai 1. jIva', 2. karma, 3. jIva aura zarIrakA aikya, 4. bhUta, 5. isa bhava aura parabhavakA sAdRzya, 6. bandha aura mokSa, 7. deva, 8. nArakI, 9. puNya aura pApa, 10. paraloka aura 11. nirvANa / bhagavAn mahAvIrane ina sabhI zaMkAoMkA samAdhAna kiyaa| ye sabhI viSaya adhyAtmase sambaddha hai| jIva athavA athavA AtmAko zarIra aura bhUtoMse bhinna eka svayaM siddha avinAzI tattva mAna lene para usakA karmase sambandha aura usase chuTakArekA prazna upasthita honA svAbhAvika hai| usIke sAtha zeSa bAteM bhI sambaddha haiM / ataH tAttvika jaina granthoMmeM jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, sa~vara, nirjarA, mokSa tathA puNya aura pApa ina nau padArthoM ke zraddhAna aura jJAnako hI samyagdarzana aura samyakjJAna kahA hai aura unheM tattvArtha saMjJA bhI dI haiN| arthAt ye hI tattvabhUta artha haiM jinako jAnanA mokSArthIke liye Avazyaka hai| jo inheM nahIM jAnatA vaha sArabhUta vastu tattvako nahIM jaantaa| __ ina nau padArthoMke mUlameM do hI tattva hai-eka jIva aura eka ajIva / ina donoMke milana aura chuTakAreko lekara hI zeSa tattva utpanna hue / nau padArthoMkA vivecana __ jaina darzanameM mulatattva do hI mAne gaye haiM-eka jIva aura eka ajIva / jIva caitanya svarUpa hai| caitanya athavA cetanAke do prakAra haiM-jJAna aura darzana / ataH jJAnadarzana svarUpa caitanyamaya jIva hai / vaha jIva athavA AtmA apane zarIra pramANa hai| jisa zarIrameM vaha basatA hai usImeM vyApta hokara rahatA hai / tathA vaha karmoMkA kartA bhI hai aura unake phalakA bhoktA bhI hai| yadyapi vaha amUrtika hai kintu jar3a karmose saMsAra avasthAmeM saMyukta honese mUrtika kahA jAtA hai| 1. 'jIve kamme tajjIva, bhUa, tArisaya baMdha mukkhe ya / devA neraiyA vA punne paraloja nivvAye ||596||-aa0 ni0 /

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136 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ajIvake pA~ca bheda haiM-pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / inameMse pudgala dravya mUrtika hai zeSa amUrtika haiN| saMsAra avasthAmeM jIva jina jar3a karmoMse ba~dhA hai ve paudgalika haiM / ___ saMsArI jIvakI mAnasika, vAcanika aura kAyika kriyAse AkRSTa hokara paudgalika karmoMkA jo jIvameM Agamana hotA hai use Asrava kahate haiM / aura jIvake kAga-dveSa rUpa pariNAmoMkA nimitta pAkara jIvase karmokA bandha honeko bandha kahate haiN| vrata saMyama Adike dvArA navIna karmabandhake rokaneko sa~vara kahate haiN| aura pUrvabaddha karmoke eka deza kSayako nirjarA kahate haiN| zubha karmoko puNya aura azubha karmoko pApa kahate haiM / saMkSepameM nau padArthoMkA yaha svarUpa hai / ____ AcArya kundakundane ina nau padArthoM ke svarUpakA vivecana do prakArase kiyA hai| eka prakArakA nAma nizcayanaya hai aura eka prakArakA nAma vyavahAra hai| yo to 'dravyAnuyoga viSayaka prAyaH sabhI jaina granthomeM ukta tattvoMkA vivecana thor3A bahuta pAyA jAtA hai kintu vaha sArA vivecana vyavahAra mUlaka hai / nizcayanaya mUlaka vivecana kevala AcArya kundakundane apane samaya pAhuDameM kiyA hai| anya kisI jaina granthameM vaha vivecana nahIM milatA / ataH samayapAhuDa jaina adhyAtmakA ekamAtra maulika grantha hai| samayapAhuDa yA samayasAra-AcArya kundakundane prathama aura antima gAthAmeM apanI isa kRtiko samayapAhuDa nAma diyA hai kintu yaha samayasArake nAmase khyAta hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki samayaprAbhUtake TIkAkAra zrI amRtacandrasUri'tathA zrI jayasenAcArya ne apanI TIkAke prArambhika padyameM samayasAra nAmase hI ise abhihita kiyA hai| samaya ___ AcArya kundakundane apane paJcAstikAya ( gA0 3 )meM likhA hai ki 'jinendradevane pA~ca astikAyoMke ( jIva, pudgala, dharmadravya, adharmadravya aura AkAza ) samavAyako samaya kahA hai / usIko loka kahate haiM / ' aura samayapAhuDa 1. 'bhavatu samayasAra vyAkhyayaivAnubhUteH' // 3 // 2. 'vakSye samayasArasya vRtti tAtparyasaMjJikAm // 1 // ' 3. 'samavAo paMcaNhaM samautti jiNuttamehiM paNNattaM / so ceva havadi loo tatto amio aloo khaM ||3||'-pnycaasti / 4. jIvo carittadaMsaNaNANaTTida taM hi sasamayaM jANa / puggalakammuvadesaTThidaM ca taM jANa parasamayaM ||2||-s0 prA0 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 137 meM samayake do bheda kiye haiM-svasamaya aura parasamaya / jo jIva samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa AtmasvabhAvameM sthita hai vaha svasamaya hai aura jo jIva paudgalika karmajanya bhAvoMmeM sthita hai vaha parasamaya hai| isa taraha jIva athavA AtmAko hI samaya kahA hai / isa gAthAkI TIkAmeM amRtacandrasUrine 'sam' upasarga pUrvaka ay dhAtuse 'samaya' zabdako niSpatti kI hai / 'sam' arthAt ekarUpase 'ayati' ( sabako eka sAtha ) jAnatA hai vaha samaya arthAt jIva yA AtmA hai| paJcAstikAyameM pAMcoM dravyoMke samavAyako samaya kahA hai aura samayasArameM AtmAko hI samaya kahA hai| kyoMki paJcAstikAyameM mukhya rUpase pA~coM dravyoMkA kathana hai aura samayasArameM kevala jIvatattvakA hI mukhya rUpase kathana hai / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki pratyeka dravya 'samaya' pada vAcya hai jaisA ki amRtacandrAcAryane samayasAra ( gA0 3 )kI TIkAmeM likhA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki yahA~ 'samaya' zabdase sabhI padArtha kahe gaye haiN| kyoMki sabhI dravya 'sam' eka rUpase apane guNaparyAyoMko 'ayati' prApta karate haiM / isa vyutpattike anusAra paJcAstikAyameM jo samaya zabdakA artha kiyA hai vaha bhI ThIka ghaTita ho jAtA hai aura samayasArameM jo samayakA artha jIva kiyA hai vaha bhI ghaTita hotA hai| kintu samaya zabdakA yaha artha jo kundakundAcAryane kiyA hai, anyatra dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| itara matoMkI to vAta hI kyA, zvetAmbara sAhityama bhI yaha artha nahIM pAyA jAtA / anuyogadvAra sUtrameM tathA yativRpabhakRta cUrNisUtrameM vaktavyatAke tIna bheda kiye haiM-svasamaya vaktavyatA, parasamaya vaktavyatA, aura tadubhaya vaktavyatA / yahA~ svasamayakA artha svamata aura parasamayakA artha paramata hI hai| siddhasena divAkarane apane sanmati tarkameM bhI samayake svasamaya aura parasamaya bheda kiye haiN| kintu yahA~ bhI usakA artha svamata aura paramata yA jainasiddhAMta aura itarasiddhAMta hI hai| ataH samayakA artha AtmA kundakundAcAryane hI kiyA hai usI samayakA kathana samayasAra meM hai| usa samaya athavA AtmAke do rUpa haiM-eka zuddha rUpa aura eka azuddha rUpa / apane zuddha guNaparyAya rUpa pariNata zuddha AtmA svasamaya hai aura paudgalika karmabandhanase baddha azuddha paryAya rUpa pariNata AtmA parasamaya hai / kundakundAcAryane samayasArameM svasamaya rUpa AtmAkA pradhAna rUpase kathana kiyA hai| vaha kahate haiM ki para sambandhase rahita sva svarUpameM sthita AtmA lokameM sarvatra sundara pratIta hotA hai / ataH usake bandhakI kathA kahanese visaMvAda utpanna ho sakatA hai| kintu kAma bhoga aura bandhakI kathA to logoMko zruta (sunI

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138 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa huI), paricita aura anubhUta hai / kintu kAma krodha, moha, rAga dveSa Adi bhAvoMse aura manuSya deva Adi paryAyoMse rahita AtmAkI bAta to logoMne na sunI, na jAnI hai| taba anubhavakI to vAta hI dUra hai| ataH AcArya kundakundane apanI zakti aura anubhavake AdhAra para AtmAke zuddha svarUpa kA kathana karaneko pratijJA samayasArake prArambhameM kI hai| vyavahAranaya aura nizcayanaya-granthakA Arambha karate hue AcArya kundakundane kahA hai-'vyavahAranayase jJAnI ( AtmA ) ke cAritra, darzana aura jJAna kahe jAte haiM / (kintu zuddhanayase ) na jJAna hai, na cAritra hai aura na darzana hai, AtmA kevala zuddha jJAyaka hai // 7 // Age kahA hai-'jo AtmAko abaddha, aspRSTa, ananya, niyata, aviziSTa aura asaMyukta dekhatA hai vaha zuddhanaya hai // 14 // isakA matalaba yaha huA ki jo naya AtmAko baddha, spRSTa, aniyata, guNoMse viziSTa aura karmose saMyukta dekhatA hai vaha vyavahAranaya hai| cUMki vyavahAranaya AtmAke yathArtha svarUpako nahIM dekhatA-para janya baddha spaSTa Adi dazAko hI dekhatA hai isaliye azuddha rUpakA grAhI honese use azuddhanaya bhI kahate haiM, aura zuddha rUpakA grAhI honese nizcayanayako zuddhanaya bhI kahate haiM / kintu AtmAmeM jJAna darzana Adi guNa haiM yaha kathana to AtmAke hI svAbhAvika guNoMko kahatA hai / ise vyavahAranayakA viSaya kyoM batalAyA? yaha jijJAsA honA svAbhAvika hai| yadyapi kundakundAcAryane dravyako guNa-paryAyAtmaka kahA hai aura yaha bhI kahA hai ki dravyake binA guNa nahIM aura guNoMke binA dravya nhiiN| kintu vastu rUpase donoMko sattA vaizeSikamatakI taraha pRthak nahIM hai| vastu vAstavameM akhaNDa aura abhinna hai| ataH AtmAmeM jJAnAdika guNa haiM aisA kahanese sunane vAleko akhaNDa vastukI pratIti khaNDa rUpase hotI hai| isa liye yaha bheda kathana vyavahAranayakA viSaya hai| pramANake bhedarUpase naya dRSTikA pratipAdana jainadarzanakI apanI nijI vizeSatA hai aura usakA udgama anekAntavAdameM se huA hai| vastuko ananta dharmokA akhaNDa piNDa mAnane vAle anekAntavAdI jaina darzanake puraskartAoMne ananta dharmA vastu tatvake eka eka dharmako hI pUrNa vastu mAnane vAle vibhinna dRSTi koNoMkA samanvaya karate hue eka dharmake grAhI jJAnako naya' kahA hai| kintu vaha jJAna tabhI sunaya hai jaba vaha usI vastumeM vartamAna anya dharmoke prati sApekSa bhAva 1. 'arthasyAnekarUpasya dhIH pramANaM, tadaMzadhIH / nayo dharmAntarApekSI durNayastannirAkRtiH |'-assttsh0 aSTasa0 pR0 29 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 139 rakhatA hai / yadi vaha usI ekAMzako pUrNa vastu mAna baiThatA hai to vaha durnaya hai / nayake mUlabheda do haiM-dravyAthika aura paryAyArthika / dArzanika granthoMmeM inhIMke bheda-prabhedoMkA nirUpaNa milatA hai / __ AcArya kundakundane bhI pravacanasAra ( 2 / 22 ) meM dravyArthikanayase saba dravyoMko avasthita aura paryAyAthikanayase anavasthita kahA hai| isa tarahase unhoMne nayake donoM mUla bhedoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai| ina donoMke prabhedoMkA koI ullekha unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| tattvArthasUtrameM (1-33 ) dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika bheda kA to koI nirdeza nahIM hai unake nagamAdi bhedoMkA nirdeza hai| siddhasenake sanmatitarkameM (1 kANDa ) dravyAthika paryAyArthika tathA unake bhedoMkA kathana hai| isa taraha jina jaina granthakAroMne nayoMkA kathana kiyA hai unhoMne dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika ke bhedoMkA hI kathana kiyA hai / nizcaya aura vyavahAranayakA kathana prAyaH adhyAtma viSayaka granthoMmeM vizeSa rUpase milatA hai| isI liye devasenAcAryane apanI AlApapaddhatimeM dravyArthika paryAyAthikanayoMkA kathana karake nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranayake bheda prabhedoMkA kathana karanese pUrva likhA hai ki 'aba adhyAtma bhASAke dvArA nayoMkA kathana kiyA jAtA hai|' kundakundAcAryane jaise dravyAthika aura paryAyAthikake bhedoMkA koI nirdeza nahIM kiyA, vaise hI nizcayanaya athavA zuddhanaya aura vyavahAranayake bheda-prabhedoMkA bhI unhoMne koI nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| nizcaya aura vyavahArake bheda-prabhedoMkI racanA uttarakAlameM huI pratIta hotI hai| nizcaya bhUtArtha, vyavahAra abhUtArtha kundakunda svAmIne samayasArameM kahA hai-'vyavahAra naya abhUtArtha hai aura zuddhanaya bhUtArtha hai / bhUtArthakA avalambana karane vAlA jIva samyagdRSTi hotA hai| aupaniSada darzanameM tathA bauddhoMke vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAdameM vastuoMkA nirupaNa do dRSTiyoMse kiyA gayA hai| unameMse ekakA nAma paramArtha dRSTi hai aura dUsarIkA nAma vyavahAra dRSTi yA sAMvRtika dRSTi hai| pahalI dRSTi paramArtha sat hai kyoMki vaha usa darzanake dvArA abhimata paramArtha vastu svarUpako batalAtI hai| aura dUsarI dRSTi usase viparIta hai vaha vastuke vyAvahArika athavA kAlpanika rUpako batalAtI hai| 1. 'punarapyadhyAtmabhASayA nayA ucyante'-naya0 saM0, pR0 147 /

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140 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kundakundane bhI zuddhanayako bhUtArtha yA satyArtha kahA haiM aura vyavahAranayako abhUtArtha yA asatyArtha kahA hai / kyoMki zuddhanaya vastuke pAramArthika zuddha svarUpako grahaNa karatA hai aura vyavahAranaya vastuke apAramArthika azuddha svarUpako grahaNa karatA hai / jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra pahale mUla dravya cha~ batalAye haiM / unameMse cAra dravya to apane apane zuddha svarUpameM sthita rahate hue apanA kArya karate rahate haiM / kintu jIva aura pudgaladravya parasparameM saMbaddha hokara saMsArakI prakriyAke janaka anAdikAlase bane hue haiM / pudgalase bhinna jIvakI upalabdhi to sAMsArika dazAmeM kisI bhI indriyake dvArA nahIM hotI / ataH usake svarUpake viSayameM logoMko bhrama honA svAbhAvika hai / usI bhramake kAraNa jIvakA pudgalase bhinna svataMtra astittva taka vivAdagrasta rahA hai / vRhadAraNyaka upaniSada meM yAjJavalkya maitreyIse kahate haiM ki 'yaha paramAtmatattva vijJAnaghana hI haiM yaha ina bhUtoMse hI prakaTa hokara unhIM meM lIna ho jAtA hai / paraloka yA punarjanma nahIM hai aisA maiM tujhase kahatA hU~ / advaitavAdI eka hI mUlatattvako mAnakara usImeMse jar3a aura cetanakI sRSTi mAnate haiM / aura pariNAmavAdako svIkAra karake jar3a cetanakA bheda tathA punarjanma Adi ghaTAte haiM / tathA saMsArako svapnavat mithyA kahate haiM / sAMrUpadarzana jar3atattva aura cetana tattvako sarvathA bhinna mAnate hue bhI jar3a tattvako to pariNAmI mAnatA hai kintu cetana tattvako kUTastha apariNAmI mAnatA hai / ata: unake yahA~ cetana kartA nahIM hai, kevala bhoktA hai / kartA kevala jar3a tattva hai / AtmA to svabhAvase zuddha hI hai| vaha apariNAmI honese saMsAra dazAmeM bhI vikRta nahIM hotA / saMsAra tathA mokSa donoM dazAoMmeM eka jaisA sahaja zuddha hI rahatA hai / usapara puNya pApakA kisI bhI taraha asara nahIM par3atA / isa taraha sAMkhyake matAnusAra saMsAra aura mokSa prakRti yA pradhAna nAma vAle jar3a tattvakA hotA hai, kyoMki vaha pariNAmI haiM ataH usImeM bhinna-bhinna avasthAe~ honA saMbhava hai / AtmA' to na baMdhatA hai aura na mukta hotA hai / prakRti hI ba~dhatI aura mukta hotI hai / prakRtike hI ye donoM baMdha aura mokSa usake samIpa - meM vartamAna AtmAmeM Aropita hote haiM / 1. vijJAnadhana evaitebhyo bhUtebhyo samutthAya tAnyevAnuvinazyati na pretyasaMjJA astItyare bravImIti hovAca yAjJavalkyaH / vRhadA0 u0 2|4|12| 2. ' tasmAnna vadhyate nApi mucyate nApi saMsarati kazcit / saMsarati badhyate mucyate ca nAnAzrayA prakRtiH // 62 // sAMkhya0 kA 0

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 141 isa taraha Atma tattvake svarUpa, usake kartRtva-akartRtva, tathA bandha aura muktike viSayameM matabheda rahe haiN| ataH prathama to saMsAra avasthAmeM jar3ase bhinna AtmatattvakI upalabdhi na honeke kAraNa sAdhAraNa logoMko AtmatattvakI pratIti nahIM hotii| aura pratIti ho bhI jAye to ukta matabhedoMke kAraNa aneka aise dharmoMko bhI jIvakA samajha liyA jAtA hai jo vAstavameM usake nahIM hote| aise dharma vyavahAranayase jIvake kahe jAte haiN| ataH vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha kahA jAtA hai| aura cUMki ve Agantuka dharma jIvake svabhAvabhUta nahIM haiM ataH unase bhinna jIvake zuddha svarUpako grahaNa karane vAlA nizcayanaya bhUtArtha kahA jAtA hai / ____ yahA~ yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki jaba vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha hai to vastutattvake nirUpaNameM usakA Alambana kyoM liyA jAtA hai / isakA uttara dete hue kundakunda svAmIne kahA hai--jaise anArya bhASAko apanAye vinA anArya puruSako apanI bAta samajhAnA zakya nahIM hai vaise hI vyavahArake binA paramArthakA upadeza denA zakya nahIM hai / / 8 // ____ ataH jo parama bhAvadarzI haiM unake dvArA to zuddha AktatattvakA kathana karane vAlA zuddhanaya hI jAnane yogya hai / kintu jo aparamabhAvameM sthita haiM--ve vyavahAranayake dvArA hI upadeza kiye jAneke yogya haiM // 12 // ataH sAdhaka avasthAmeM vartamAna manuSyoMke liye vyavahAranaya upayogI hai / isa liye kundakundAcAryane donoM nayoMkI apekSAse AtmatattvakA kathana kiyA hai| adhikAra bheda-samayasArako dasa adhikAroMmeM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai / yaha vibhAjana TIkAkAroMkA kiyA huA ho sakatA hai| ve dama adhikAra isa drakAra haiM-1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. kartA aura karma, 4 puNya aura pApa, 5. Asrava, 6. saMvara, 7. nirjarA, 8. bandha, 9. mokSa aura 10. sarva vizuddha jJAnAdhikAra / viSaya paricaya 1. jIva adhikAra-isa adhikArako prArambha karate hue kahA hai ki 'sAdhuko samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrakA nitya sevana karanA cAhiye / kintu nizcayanayase ve tInoM AtmA hI hai // 16 // jaise koI dhanArthI manuSya rAjAko jAnakara usa para zraddhAna karatA hai aura usIke anukUla AcaraNa karatA hai| vaise hI mokSArthIko jIva rUpI rAjAko jAnanA cAhiye, usakA zraddhAna karanA cAhiye aura usake anukUla AcaraNa karanA cAhiye // 17-18 // jaba taka yaha jIva karma aura nokarma ( zArIrAdi ) meM maiM yaha hU~ athavA ye mere haiM aisI buddhi rakhatA hai taba taka vaha apratibuddha ( ajJAnI ) hotA hai // 19 //

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142 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa jisakI mati ajJAnase mohita hai vahI jIvase baddha zarIrAdi pudgaloMko aura abaddha jamIna jAyadAda strI putrAdiko 'yaha mere haiM' aisA kahatA hai // 23 // sarvajJane jIvako sadA caitanyamaya dekhA hai| vaha caitanyamaya jIva pudgala dravya rUpa kaise ho sakatA hai jisase tuma kahate ho yaha merA hai // 24 // yadi jIva pudgala rUpa aura pudgala jIvarUpa ho sakatA to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki merA pudgala hai // 25 // isa para yaha zaGkAkI gaI--'yadi jIva zarIra rUpa nahIM hai to tIrthaGkaroM aura AcAryoMkI jo zarIrAdi mUlaka stutiyAM pAI jAtI haiM ve saba mithyA ho jAtI haiN| ataH Atma zarIra hai aisA mAnanA cAhiye // 26 / / to isakA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai-'vyavahAranaya jIva aura zarIra ko eka kahatA hai kintu nizcayanayase jIva aura zarIra kabhI bhI eka nahIM haiM // 27 // kintu muni jIvase bhinna paudgalika zarIrakI stuti karake aisA mAnatA hai ki maine kevalI bhagavAnakI stuti aura vandanA kI // 28 // kintu nizcayanayase yaha bAta yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki jo zarIrake guNa haiM ve kevalIke guNa nahIM ho sakate / nizcayanayase to jo kevalike guNoMkI stuti karatA hai vahI kevalIkI stuti karatA hai // 29 // isa tarahame zarIrase bhinna AtmAkI svataMtra sthitiko jAnatA huA jJAnI kahatA hai-maiM eka zuddha darzana jJAnamaya arUpI huuN| anya paramANu mAtra bhI merA nahIM hai / / 38 / / isa taraha 38 gAthAoMke sAtha jIvAdhikAra samApta hotA hai| 2. ajIvAdhikAra-isa adhikArakA prArambha karate hue kundakundAcAryane kahA hai-AtmAko nahIM jAnanevAle kucha mUr3ha adhyavasAna ko aura paudgalika karmoko jIva kahate haiM // 39 // kucha nokarma ( zarIrAdi ) ko jIva kahate haiN| kucha karmoMke udaya ko to kucha karmoke tIvra manda anubhAgako jIva kahate haiN| kucha karma aura jIva donoMko jIva kahate haiN| isa prakAra durbuddhi loga vividha rUpase AtmAko kahate haiN| kintu nizcayavAdI unheM yathArthavAdI nahIM kahate // 40-43 // kevalI bhagavAnne ina saba bhAvoMko paudgalika kahA hai| ataH unheM jIva kase kahA jA sakatA hai // 44 // jinendradevane ina adhyavasAnAdi bhAvoMko vyavahArase jIva kahA hai // 46 // Age kundakundAcArya'ne AtmAkA svarUpa batalAte hue use kaThopaniSad 1. 'arasamarUvamagaMdhaM anvattaM cedaNAguNamasadaM / jANa aliMgaggahaNaM jIvamaNidiTThasaMThANaM' ||49||-sm0 prA0 / _ 'azabdamasparzamarUpamavyayaM tathArasaM nityamagandhavacca yat / anAdyanantaM mahataH paraM dhruvaM nicAyya tanmatyumukhAtpramucyate' ||15||-kttho0 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 143 kI hI taraha arasa, arUpa, agandha, avyakta aura azabda tathA cetanAguNa vAlA batalAyA hai / Age usakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai - jIvake na rUpa hai, nagandha hai, na rasa hai, na sparza hai, na zarIra hai, na saMsthAna hai aura na saMhanana ( asthibandhana ) hai ||50 // na jIvake na rAga haiM, na dveSa hai, na moha hai, na karma hai, na nokarma haiM // 51 // na jIvake varga haiM, na vargaNA hai, na spardhaka hai, na adhyavasAya sthAna hai, na anubhAga sthAna hai // 52 // jIvake na koI yoga sthAna hai, na bandhasthAna hai, na udayasthAna hai, na koI mArgaNAsthAna hai || 53 // na sthitivandhasthAna hai, na saMklezasthAna haiM, na vizuddhisthAna haiM, na saMyamalabdhisthAna haiM || 54 || jIvake na jIvasthAna haiM aura na guNasthAna haiM kyoMki ye sabhI sthAna pudgala dravyake pariNAma haiM // 55 // vyavahAranayase ye rUpase lekara guNasthAnaryanta bhAva jIva ke haiM - nizcayanaya se nahIM // 56 // jaise kisI mArga meM manuSyoMko lUTA jAtA dekhakara vyavahArI loga kahate haiM ki amuka mArga lUTatA hai / kintu mArga to kisIko nahIM lUTatA || 58 || vaise hI arameM karmoM aura nokarmoke varNAdiko dekhakara vyavahArase jinendrane aisA kahA hai ki varNAdi jIvake haiM / / 59 / / yadi varNAdi bhAvoMko jIva rUpa mAnA jAyegA to jIva aura ajIvameM koI bheda nahIM raha sakatA // 62 // isa taraha 68 gAthA paryanta ajIva aura jIvakA bheda batalAyA hai / 3. kartA aura karma adhikAra -- karmoMke Aneko Asrava kahate haiM / ataH isa adhikArako prArambha karate hue AcAryane kahA hai- 'jaba taka yaha jIva AtmA aura Asravake bhedako nahIM jAnatA taba taka ajJAnI hotA huA krodhAdi karatA hai || 69 || aura krodhAdi karanese usake karmoMkA saMcaya hotA hai / isa prakAra jIvake karmoMkA bandha hotA hai // 70 // kintu jaba yaha jIva AtmA aura Asravake bhedako jAna letA hai taba usake bandha nahIM hotA // 71 // ataH AsravoMko adhruva, anitya, azaraNa, duHkha rUpa tathA duHkha phala vAle, kintu jIvase nibaddha jAnakara jJAnI unase dUra rahatA hai // 74 // | Azaya yaha hai ki AtmA aura jJAnaguNakA tAdAtmya sambandha hai ataH una donoMmeM koI bheda nahIM hai / ataH AtmA niHzaGka hokara jAnane dekhanemeM pravRtti karatA hai / ataH vaha jJAna kriyAkA kartA kahA jAtA hai aura jJAna kriyA usakA karma; kyoMki vaha usakA svabhAva hai / kintu AtmAkA krodhAdi bhAvoMke sAtha saMyoga sambandha hai / kyoMki AtmA bhinna hai aura krodhAdi bhAva bhinna haiM / kintu ajJAnI usa bhedako na jAnatA huA krodhAdi bhAvoMmeM bhI usI prakAra niHzaMka pravRtti karatA hai jaise jJAnAdimeM karatA hai / aura jJAnAdikI taraha

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144 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa | krodhAdiko bhI apanA svabhAva mAnakara rAga dveSa aura moharUpa pravRtti karatA hai| ataH vaha krodhAdikA kartA AtmAko mAnatA hai aura krodhAdiko AtmAkA karma mAnatA hai| isa taraha anAdi kAlase yaha ajJAna janya kartAkarmabhAvakI pravRtti calI AtI hai| jIvakI isa pravRttikA nimitta pAkara svayaM hI pariNamanazIla paudgalika karmakA saMcaya ho jAtA hai aura isa taraha jIva aura paudgalika karmokA paraspara avagAha rUpa sambandha ho jAtA hai| kintu jaba yaha AtmA yaha jAna letA hai ki jJAna AtmA jaise eka vasturUpa haiM, usa taraha AtmA aura krodhAdi bhAva eka vasturUpa nahIM haiN| usakI ajJAna mUlaka anAdi kartA karmaprakRti ruka jAtI hai| usake rukane para ajJAna nimittaka paudgalika karmoMkA bandha bhI ruka jAtA hai| yahI bAta Age kahI hai ki-'jIvake pariNAmoMkA nimitta pAkara pudgala karmarUpa pariNamana karate haiN| usI taraha pudgala karmoMkA nimitta pAkara jIva bhI pariNamana karatA hai / 80 // na to jIva karmake guNoMko karatA hai, usI taraha karma bhI jIvake guNoMko nahIM krtaa| kintu parasparameM nimitta namittaka bhAva honese donoMkA pariNamana hotA hai / / 81 / / isa kAraNase AtmA svayaM apane bhAvoMkA kartA haiM / pudgala karmakRta saba bhAvoMkA kartA AtmA nahIM hai / / 82 // isa prakAra nizcayanayase AtmA apanA hI kartA hai aura apane hI bhAvoMkA bhoktA hai // 83 // isaliye nizcaya nayase jIva aura karmameM jaise kata karmapanA nahIM hai vaise hI bhoktR bhogyapanA bhI nahIM hai| vyavahAra nayame hI AtmA aura paudgalika karmameM kartR-karmabhAva aura bhokta-bhogyabhAva kahA hai / / 84 // Age kahA hai ki yadi AtmA apane bhAvoMko aura paudgalika bhAvoMko bhI karatA hai to AtmA do kriyAoMkA kartA ThaharatA hai| kintu aisA mAnane vAlA mithyAdRSTi hai // 86 / / mithyAtva, ajJAna, avirati, yoga, moha tathA krodhAdi bhAva ye saba jIvarUpa bhI hote haiM aura aura ajIva rUpa bhI hote haiM / / 87 // pudgala karma rUpa jo mithyAtva, yoga, avirati aura ajJAna haiM vaha to ajIva hai| aura upayoga rUpa jo mithyAtva ajJAna aura avirati hai vaha jIva hai // 88 // mohayukta upayoga ke mithyAtva ajJAna aura avirati ye tIna pariNAma hai // 89 // inameMse AtmA jisa upayogarUpa An, pariNAmako karatA hai usakA vaha kartA kahA jAtA hai // 90 // aura usake hone para pudgala dravya svayaM karma rUpa hotA hai / / 91 // sArAMza yaha hai ki AtmA mithyAtvAdi bhAvarUpa pariNamana na kare to vaha karma kA kartA bhI nahIM ho| karmake kartApanekA mUla ajJAna hai / ajJAnI ajJAnavaza paradravyako apane rUpa aura apaneko paradravya rUpa karatA hai| arthAt 'maiM krodharUpa

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 145 hU~' aisA mAnatA hai| usakA aisA mAnanA ajJAna hai yaha ajJAna hI bandhakA kAraNa hai // 96 // ___ Age kahA hai-vyavahArase AtmAko ghaTapaTa vagairahakA tathA karma nokarmakA kartA kahA jAtA hai / / 98 / / kintu jIva na ghaTakA kartA hai aura na paTa Adi zeSa dravyoMkA kartA hai / kintu jIvake vikalpa aura vyavahArarUpa jo upayoga aura yoga hai ve hI ghaTAdike utpAdaka haiM aura jIva una apane yoga upayogarUpa bhAvoMkA kartA hai // 100 // jJAnAvaraNa Adi karma pudgalake pariNAma haiN| unakA kartA AtmA nahIM hai / jo yaha bAta jAnatA hai vaha jJAnI hai // 101 // kintu jIvake ajJAnabhAvakA nimitta milanepara paudgalika skandha karmarUpa hote haiN| yaha dekhakara upacArase aisA kahA jAtA hai ki jIva karmakA kartA hai // 105 // jaise yuddha to sainika karate haiM aura kahA jAtA hai ki rAjA yuddha karatA hai // 106 // Age kahA hai bandhake cAra kAraNa kahe jAte haiM-mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yoga // 109 / / kintu ye saba bhAva pudgalakarmoke udaya se hote haiM, ataH jar3a hai / ina jar3a bhAvoMse yadi karma baMdhate haiM to usakA bhoktA jIva kase ho sakatA hai // 111 // ukta pratyaya jar3a haiM yaha batalAte hue kahA hai ki jIvase jaise usakA upayoga (jJAna-darzana) abhinna hai vaise krodha nahIM hai / jJAna jIvarUpa hai aura krodhAdi bhAva jar3arUpa haiN| yadi jJAnakI taraha krodhAdi bhAvoMko bhI jIvarUpa mAnA jAyegA to jar3a aura cetana eka ho jAyeMge / ataH krodhAdirUpa paudgalika bhAvoMse kiye gaye karmoMkA jIva na kartA hai aura na bhoktA hai| Age kahA hai ki yadi pudgala karmake rUpameM svayaM jIvase baddha nahIM hotA aura na svayaM karma rUpase pariNata hotA hai to vaha apariNAmI ThaharatA hai // 116 / / aura kArmaNavargaNAeM yadi karmarUpase pariNamana nahIM karatI to sAMkhyadarzanakI taraha saMsAra ke abhAvakA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai // 117 // yadi kahA jAye ki jIva pudgala dravyakA karmarUpase pariNamana karAtA hai to jo svayaM apariNAmI hai use jIva kaise pariNamA sakatA hai| aisI sthiti meM yaha kahanA hai ki jIva karmarUpa pariNamana karAtA hai mithyA ThaharAtA hai / / 119 // isI taraha pudgalako pariNAmI batalAkara Age kahA hai yadi jIva svayaM karmase nahIM ba~dhA hai aura na svayaM krodhAdi rUpa pariNamana karatA hai to vaha apariNAmI ThaharAtA hai // 121 // aura yadi jIva svayaM krodhAdibhAva rUpase pariNamana nahIM karatA to sAMkhya darzanakI taraha saMsArake abhAvakA prasaMga AtA hai // 122 // yadi kahA jAye ki paudgalikakarma krodha jIvako krodha rUpa pariNamAtA hai to jo jIva apariNAmI hai krodha usakA pariNamana kaise karA sakatA hai ? // 123 // 10

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146 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa yadi tumhArA mata hai ki jIva svayaM krodha rUpa pariNamana karatA hai to krodha karma jIvako krodha rUpa pariNamatA hai yaha kathana mithyA hai || 124 || antameM yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai - AtmA jisa bhAvako kartA hai vaha usa bhAvakA kartA hotA hai / jJAnIke bhAva jJAnamaya hote haiM aura ajJAnI ke bhAva ajJAnamaya hote haiM // 126 // Age kahA hai ki pudgalakA pariNAma jIvase bhinna hai aura jIvakA pariNAma pudgalase bhinna hai / karma jIvase baddha hai yA abaddha ? isa praznakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki jIvameM karma baddha aura spRSTa hai, yaha vyavahAra nayakA kathana hai / karma jIvase abaddha aura aspRSTa hai, yaha zuddha nayakA kathana hai || 141 // jIvase karma baddha hai aura jIvase karma abaddha hai ve donoM hI nayapakSa haiM kintu samayasAra pakSAtikrAnta hai / arthAt nayapakSa rahita AtmasaMvedI ke abhiprAyase to jIvakA svarUpa ina vikalpoM se rahita cidAnandamaya hai / vaha adhikAra bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / 144 gAthAparyanta 76 gAthAoM meM isakI samApti hotI hai / 4. puNya-pApa adhikAra - vyavahArI manuSya zubhakarma yA puNyakarmako acchA aura azubha athavA pApakarmako burA samajhate haiM / kintu donoM hI bandharUpa haiM / ataH jo zubhakarma saMsArameM jIvako roke rakhatA hai vaha acchA kaise ho sakatA // 142 // jaise lohekI sAMkala bhI puruSako bAMdhatI hai aura sonekI sAMkala bhI bAMdhatI hai / isI taraha zubha-azubha karma bhI jIvako bAMdhate haiM // 146 // ataH granthakAra kahate haiM ki jo bure zubha-azubha karma haiM unase rAga mata karo aura unakA saMsarga mata karo / buroMke saMsarga aura rAgase jIvakI svAdhInatA kA vinAza ho jAtA hai / / 147 / / rAgI karmase baMdhatA hai, virAgI karma baMdhanase chUTatA hai, yaha jina bhagavAnakA upadeza hai / ataH zubhAzubha karmoMse anurAga mata karo / / 150 / / Age kahA haisva-svabhAva meM sthita muni nirvANako prApta karate haiM / / 151 / / kintu svasvabhAva meM jo muni sthita nahIM hai, vaha jo tapa karatA hai, vrata pAlatA hai vaha saba bAlatapa aura bAlavrata hai / / 152 / / paramArthase bahirbhUta jo vyakti haiM ve mokSake kAraNako nahIM jAnate aura ajJAnavaza usa puNyako cAhate haiM jo saMsArakA kAraNa hai / / 154 // isa taraha unnIsa gAthAoMke dvArA isa adhikArameM pApakI taraha puNyako bhI hai batalAyA hai / vaha adhikAra 163vIM gAthAke sAtha pUrNa hotA hai / 5. Asrava adhikAra -- isa adhikArake prArambhameM mithyAtva, avirata, yoga aura kaSAyako jJAnAvaraNAdi kamakA kAraNa batalAyA hai / ye mithyAtvAdi jar3a bhI

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 147 hote haiM aura cetana bhI hote haiM / jar3ako dravya-pratyaya kahate haiM aura cetanako bhAva-pratyaya kahate haiN| dravyapratyayarUpa mithyAtva karmakA udaya honepara jaba jIva rAgAdi rUpa pariNamana karatA hai to karmabaMdhana hotA hai| isaliye ajJAnamaya rAgAdibhAva hI Asravake kAraNa honese Asrava haiN| ve bhAva ajJAnIke hI hote haiM, jJAnIke nahIM hote / ataH jJAnIke Asrava nahIM hotaa| isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai ki yathAkhyAtacAritrarUpa avasthAse nIcekI dazAmeM rAgakA sadbhAva avazya rahatA hai aura rAga bandhakA hetu hai taba jJAnI nirAsrava kaise hai ? isakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki jaba taka jJAna, darzana aura caritra apanI utkRSTa sthitimeM nahIM pahu~cate tabataka jJAnIke abuddhipUrvaka rAgakA udaya hai vaha anumAnase jAnA jAtA hai; kyoMki yadi aisA na hotA to jJAnAdi guNa jaghanya avasthAmeM kyoM pAye jAte ? ataH paudgalika karmokA bandha hotA hai| kintu jaba jJAnAdi guNa apanI pUrNAvasthAko prApta ho jAte haiM taba sAkSAt jJAnIbhUta AtmAke karmakA Asrava nahIM hotA // 175 / / isa taraha 180 gAthAparyanta 17 gAthAoMmeM Asrava adhikAra pUrNa hotA hai| 6. saMvara adhikAra-saMvarakA upAya bhedavijJAna hai / ataH prathama tIna gAthAoMke dvArA bheda-vijJAnakI rIti batalAyI hai / likhA hai-jJAna jJAnameM hai, krodhAdi bhAva krodhAdi rUpa hI haiN| na krodha jJAnameM hai aura na jJAna krodhameM hai| yahI bAta jJAna aura karma-nokarmake viSayameM bhI jAnanI cAhiye // 181-182 / / jaba jIvako isa prakArakA aviparIta jJAna hotA hai taba zuddhopayogI, AtmAkA jJAna jJAnamaya hI rahatA hai aura rAgAdi bhAvarUpa nahIM hotaa| ataH isake rAga dveSa mohakA abhAvarUpa saMvara hotA hai / / 183 / / / Age dRSTAnta dvArA usako spaSTa karate hue kahA hai-jaise sonA agni se tapta honepara bhI svarNa bhAvako nahIM chor3atA usI taraha kamake udayase saMtapta jJAnI apane jJAnIpaneko nahIM chor3atA, aisA jJAnI jAnatA hai| kintu ajJAnI AtmasvabhAvako nahIM jAnatA huA AtmAko rAgAdi rUpa hI jAnatA hai // 184185 / / jo jIva zuddha AtmAkA anubhava karatA hai use zuddha AtmAko prApti hotI hai aura jo azuddha AtmAkA anubhava karatA hai use azuddha AtmAkI prApti hotI hai // 186 // Age tIna gAthAoMke dvArA saMvarakA prakAra batalAte hue kahA hai- jo AtmAko AtmAke dvArA puNya aura pAparUpa yogase haTakara apane darzana jJAnAtmaka svarUpameM sthita hotA hai aura paravastuko icchA nahIM rakhatA, tathA samasta parigrahase mukta hokara apanI AtmAkA dhyAna karatA hai, karma aura nokarmako apanA nahIM mAnatA / vaha AtmAkA dhyAna karatA huA zuddha darzana jJAnamaya Atma

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148 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa dravyameM tanmaya hokara zIghra hI karmabandhanase mukta AtmAko prApta kara letA hai // 187-189 // __ isa taraha bAraha gAthAoMke dvArA saMvarakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| yaha adhikAra 192vIM gAthA ke sAtha samApta hotA hai| 7. nirjarA adhikAra-isa adhikArako prArambha karate hue kahA hai ki samyagdRSTi indriyoMke dvArA jo cetana aura acetana dravyoMko bhogatA hai usakA vaha bhoga nirjarA ( baMdhe hue karmoMkA chUTanA) kA kAraNa hai // 193 / / dravyakA upabhoga karanepara niyamase sukha athavA duHkha hotA hai| usa sukha athavA duHkhakA udaya honepara jIva usakA anubhavana karatA hai aura isa taraha vaha nirjarAko prApta hotA hai // 194 // jaise viSavaidya viSa khAkara bhI nahIM maratA / usI taraha jJAnI pudgala karmoke phalako bhogate hue bhI karma saMbaddha nahIM hotA // 195 // jaise arucipUrvaka madyapAna karanevAlA manuSya nazese grasta nahIM hotA vaise hI arucipUrvaka dravyakA upabhoga karatA huA bhI jJAnI kamase baddha nahIM hotA // 196 / / samyagdRSTi jJAnI viSayoMkA sevana karate hue bhI sevana nahIM karatA ora mithyAdRSTi ajJAnI nahIM sevana karate hue bhI viSayoMkA sevaka banA rahatA hai // 197 / / isa antarakA kAraNa batalAte hue kahA hai__ jinendradevane karmoke udayakA vipAka aneka prakArakA batalAyA hai| kintu vaha saba merA svabhAva nahIM hai, maiM to eka jJAyaka rUpa hU~ / / 198 // rAga paudgalika karma hai / usakA udaya honepara rAga hotA hai| ataH vaha merA svabhAva nahIM hai / maiM to eka jJAyaka bhAvarUpa hU~ // 199 / isa prakAra samyagdRSTi AtmAko jJAyaka bhAvarUpa jAnatA hai aura tattvako jAnatA huA karmake udayase honevAle bhAvoM ko apanA nahIM mAnatA // 20 // Age kahA hai jisake rAgAdi bhAvoMkA aNumAtra bhI aMza vartamAna hai vaha samasta AgamoMkA jJAtA hote hue bhI AtmAko nahIM jAnatA // 201 / / aura jo AtmAko nahIM jAnatA vaha anAtmAko bhI nahIM jAnatA / aura jo AtmA (jIva) aura anAtmA ( ajIva ) ko nahIM jAnatA vaha samyagdRSTi kaise ho sakatA hai // 202 // bhAge jJAnI paravastukA grahaNa kyoM nahIM karatA aura parigrahakA tyAga kyoM kara detA hai, isakA sundara vivecana kiyA hai / Age likhA hai-jaise kIcar3ameM par3A huA svarNa kIcar3ase lipta nahIM hotA vaise hI jJAnI saba dravyoMse virakta honeke kAraNa karmoke madhyameM rahate hue karmarUpI rajase lipta nahIM hotA // 218 // kintu ajJAnI saba dravyoMse banurakta rahatA hai ataH karmaspI rajase lipta hotA hai / jaise kardamameM

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 149 par3A huA lohA // 219 // isI taraha dRSTAMtoMke dvArA jJAnIko bhogate hue bhI karmase nilipta batalAyA hai| Age gAthA 228 se 236 taka samyagdRSTike niHzaGkita Adi pATha aMgoMkA kathana kiyA hai / 236vIM gAthAke sAtha hI nirjarAdhikAra pUrNa ho jAtA hai / 8. bandha adhikAra-jaise koI manuSya apane zarIrameM tela lagAkara aura dhUlase bharI huI bhUmimeM khar3A hokara zastroMke dvArA vyAyAma karatA hai // 237 // tAr3a, kelA, bA~sa vagairahake vRkSoMko zastroMse chedana-bhedana karatA hai| sacetana aura acetana dravyoMkA upaghAta karatA hai // 238 // isa taraha aneka astra-zastroMke dvArA chedana-bhedana karate hue usa manuSyake zarIrameM jo dhUla cipaka jAtI hai, nizcayase usakA kAraNa kyA hai, yaha vicAra karo // 239 / / usake zarIrameM tela lagA huA hai nizcayase usIke kAraNa usake zarIrameM dhUla cipaTa jAtI hai anya zArIrika ceSTAoMke kAraNa nahIM // 240 // isI taraha mithyAdRSTi jIva aneka ceSTAoMko karatA haA apane upayogameM jo rAga-dveSa karatA hai usIse vaha karmarUpI dhUlise lipta hotA hai // 241 // ___yadi vahI manuSya zarIrameM lage telako bilkula dUra karake usI dhUlabhare sthAnameM zastrAbhyAsa kare // 242 // aneka vRkSoMkA chedana-bhedana kare to usakA zarIra dhUlase lipta nahIM hotA, isakA kAraNa vAstavameM kyA hai // 243-244 // usake zarIrameM jo tela nahIM lagA hai usIke kAraNa usakA zarIra vyAyAma karanepara bhI dhUlase lipta nahIM hotaa| isI taraha samyagdRSTi aneka zArIrika, mAnasika aura vAcanika kriyoMmeM pravRtti karate hue bhI upayogameM rAgAdibhAva nahIM karatA, isaliye vaha karmase lipta nahIM hotA // 246 / / isa taraha prathama hI dasa gAthAoMke dvArA bandhake kAraNakA vivecana dRSTAntapUrvaka kiyA hai| Age adhyavasAnako bandhakA kAraNa batalAte hue jo vicAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai vaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa evaM vicAraNIya hai / likhA hai 'jo aisA' mAnatA hai ki maiM anya prANiyoMkI hiMsA karatA hU~ aura anya prANI merI hiMsA karate haiM vaha mUr3ha ajJAnI hai / jJAnI usase viparIta hotA hai // 247 // jIvoMkA maraNa unakI Ayuke kSayase hotA hai| tU kisIkI Ayuko hara nahIM sakatA / taba tU kisIko kaise mAra sakatA hai // 248 / isI taraha anya jIva terI Ayuko nahIM hara sakate taba ve tujhe kaise mAra sakate haiM // 249 // jo aisA 1. jo maNNadi hiMsAmi ya hisiMjjAmi ya parehi sattehiM / so mUDho aNNANI NANI etto du vivarIdo ||247||-s0praa0 /

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150 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa mAnatA hai ki maiM anya jIvoMko jilAtA hU~ yA anya jIva mujhe jilAte haiN| vaha mUr3ha ajJAnI hai| jJAnI usase viparIta hotA hai // 250 // Ayuke udayase jIvana hotA hai / na tU kisIko AyukA dAna de sakatA hai aura na dUsare tujhe AyukA dAna de sakate haiM / taba kaise tU dUsaroMko jilAtA hai aura kaise dUsare tujhe jilAte haiM // 251-252 // jo aisA mAnatA hai ki maiM dUsaroMko duHkhI athavA sukhI karatA hU~ yA dUsare jIva mujhe duHkhI yA sukhI karate haiM vaha mUr3ha ajJAnI hai| jJAnI usase viparIta hotA hai / / 253-254 // karmake udayase jIva duHkhI athavA sukhI hote haiM / tU kisIko karma kA dAna nahIM de sakatA aura na dUsare jIva tujhe kamakA dAna de sakate / taba kaise tU dUsaroMko aura dUsare tujhe sukhI yA duHkhI kara sakate haiM // 255-256 // kaThopaniSadameM bhI AtmAke amaratvakA pratipAdana karate hue kahA haiyadi mAranevAlA vyakti apaneko mArane meM samartha mAnatA hai aura mArA jAnevAlA vyakti apaneko mArA gayA samajhatA hai to ve donoM hI nahIM jAnate--yaha AtmA na to kisIko mAratA hai aura na mArA jAtA hai| gItAmeM bhI yuddhase vimukha arjunake lie zrIkRSNake dvArA yahI upadeza dilAyA gayA hai / isase AtmAke amaratvakI siddhi kI gayI hai / kintu samaya-prAbhRtameM yaha kathana bandha ke prakaraNameM yaha batalAneke lie kiyA gayA hai ki na koI kisIko mAra sakatA hai, na koI kisIko jilA sakatA hai, na koI kisIko sukhI duHkhI kara sakatA hai| phira bhI isa prakArakA jo bhAva hai vaha bhAva hI puNya aura pApa karmoM ke bandhakA kAraNa hotA hai| Age kahA hai___ terI jo yaha bhAvanA hai ki maiM jIvoMko duHkhI yA sukhI karatA hU~, unheM mAratA yA jilAtA hai yA dUsare jIva mujhe duHkhI yA sukhI karate haiM yA mArate athavA jilAte haiM yahI puNya aura pApakarmake bandhakA kAraNa hai| ataH kahA hai-jIvako mAro yA mata mAro, mAranekA bhAva honese karma kA bandha hotA hai / nizcayanayase yaha bandhakA sAra hai // 262 / / jIvoMke acche yA bure bhAva vastuko lekara hI hote haiM kintu vastu bandhakA kAraNa nahIM hai, bandhakA kAraNa jIvake apane zubha azubha bhAva haiM // 265 // jo muni isa prakArake bhAva nahIM karate ve zubhAzubha karmose lipta nahIM hote // 27 // buddhi, vyavasAya, adhyavasAna, mati, vijJAna, citta, bhAva, pariNAma ye saba 1. 'hantA cenmanyate hantuM hataJcenmanyate hatam / ubhau tau na vijAnIto nAyaM hanti na hanyate ||19||-kttho0,2 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 151 zabda ekArthaka haiM // 271 / / isa prakAra nizcayanayake dvArA vyavahAranaya pratiSiddha hai / jo muni nizcayanayakA avalambana lete haiM ve nirvANako pAte haiM // 272 / / isa adhikArameM 51 gAthAe~ haiM aura gAthA 287 ke sAtha yaha adhikAra samApta hotA hai| 9 mokSa adhikAra-samasta karma bandhanase AtmAke chUTa jAnekA nAma mokSa hai| ataH prArambhameM kahA gayA hai ki jaise koI AdamI bahuta kAla se bandhanameM par3A huA hai aura vaha yaha bAta jAnatA hai| kintu jAnate hue bhI jaba taka vaha usa bandhanako nahIM kATatA taba taka vaha usase mukta nahIM ho sktaa| isI taraha karma bandhanake svarUpako jAnanese mukti nahIM mila sakatI // 288-290 // isI taraha bandhakI cintA karanese bhI bandhanase chuTakArA nahIM mila sakatA : / 291 // mokSa to bandhanako kATane para hI mila sakatA hai // 292 // aura usako kATanekA upAya hai bandhakA aura AtmAkA svabhAva jAnakara bandhase virakta honA // 293 / / prajJA dvArA AtmA aura karmabandhako bhinna-bhinna jAnakara AtmAko grahaNa karanA aura bandhako chor3anA yahI mokSakA upAya hai // 295 / / aisA kauna jJAnI hai jo zuddha AtmAke svarUpako jAnate hue bhI karmake udayase hone vAle bhAvoMko 'yaha mere haiM' aisA kahegA / / 300 // jo corI Adi aparAdhoMko karatA hai vaha pakar3e jAneke bhayase sazaGka hokara idhara-udhara ghUmatA hai // 301 // kintu jo niraparAdha hotA hai vaha niHzaGka hokara dezameM ghUmatA hai / use pakar3e jAnekI cintA kabhI nahIM hotI // 302 // Age AcAryane aparAdhakA svarUpa batalAte hae kahA hai-saMsiddhi, rAdha, siddhiH, mAdhita aura ArAdhita ye saba zabda ekArtha vAcI hai / jo AtmA 'rAdha' arthAt zuddhAtmAkI ArAdhanAse apagata-rahita hai vaha aparAdhI hai| jainAcArameM muniko doSoMkA parimArjana karaneke lie pratikramaNa Adi karanekA vidhAna hai| ataH koI kaha sakatA hai ki aparAdhakI zuddhi to pratikramaNAdi karanese hotI hai, zuddha AtmAko upalabdhise aparAdhakA zodhana kaise ho sakatA hai ? isake uttarameM kundakundAcAryane pratikramaNa, pratisaraNa, parihAra, dhAraNA, nivRtti, nindA, gardA aura zuddhi ina AThoMko viSakumbha kahA hai // 306 // aura apratikramaNa, apratisaraNa, aparihAra, adhAraNA, anivRtti, anindA, agahIM aura azuddhiko amRta kumbha kahA hai / / 307 / / isakA Azaya yaha hai ki pratikramaNa apratikramaNase rahita jo tIsarI avasthA hai vaha hai zuddha AtmAmeM lInatA, usIse AtmA nirdoSa hotA hai / / 308 / isa taraha mokSAdhikAra pUrNa hotA hai isameM bIsa gAthAe~ haiN| 10. sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra-yaha adhikAra pUrva adhikAroMmeM pratipAdita kathanakA nicoDarUpa hai| isameM sarvaprathama dRSTAntapUrvaka cAra gAthAoMke dvArA

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152 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa AtmAmeM paradravyake kartApanekA abhAva batalAyA hai / likhA hai jo dravya apane jina guNoMko liye hue utpanna hotA hai vaha apane una guNoMse abhinna hotA hai| jaise svarNa kar3A Adi paryAyoMse abhinna hotA hai // 308 // AgamameM jIva aura ajIvake jo pariNAma batalAye haiM, jIva aura ajIva apane una pariNAmoMse abhinna hai // 309 // ataH AtmA kisIse utpanna nahIM hotA ataH vaha kisIkA kArya nahIM hai / aura kisIko vaha utpanna nahIM karatA isaliye na kisIkA kAraNa hai // 313 // karmako apekSA kartA aura kartAko apekSA karma hotA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki jIvakA ajIvake sAtha kAryakAraNa bhAva nahIM hai / ataH na ajIva jIvakA karma hai aura na jIva jar3a karmakA kartA hai / kintu yaha jIva anAdikAlase jar3a aura cetanake bhedako na jAnaneke kAraNa jar3ake sAtha AtmAkA ekatvAdhyavasAya karake, jar3ake nimittase utpanna hotA aura naSTa hotA hai aura jar3a bhI cetanake nimittase utpanna hotA aura naSTa hotA hai / isa taraha ina donoMmeM yadyapi kartA karmapanA nahIM hai tathApi parasparameM nimitta naimittika bhAva honese donoMkA bandha hotA hai aura usase saMsAra hotA hai| isI kAraNa una donoMmeM kartAkarmavyavahAra mAnA jAtA hai // 312-313 // jaba taka yaha AtmA jar3ake nimittase honevA rAgAdi bhAvoMmeM mamatvabhAva nahIM chor3atA tabataka vaha ajJAnI mithyAdRSTi aura asaMyamI rahatA hai / / 314 / / 'kintu jaba use chor3a detA hai to jJAtA dRSTA muni mukta ho jAtA hai / / 115 / / / Age kahA hai ki jaise nizcaya dRSTise AtmA karmokA kartA nahIM vaise hI unakA bhoktA bhI nahIM hai| Age kahA hai ki lokameM mAnA jAtA hai ki viSNu isa deva mAnuSa tiryaJca aura nAraka paryAyoMkA kartA hai| usI taraha yadi zramaNa (jaina) bhI aisA kahate haiM ki AtmA ukta paryAyoMkA kartA hai to loka aura zramaNoMke siddhAntameM koI bheda nahIM rhtaa| kyoMki logoMke matase viSNu kartA hai aura zramaNoMke matase AtmA kartA hai / aisI sthitimeM isa sacarAcara jagatakA kartA mAnanevAle loka aura zramaNomeM se kisIko bhI mokSa prApta honA saMbhava dikhAI nahIM detA // 321-323 // Azaya yaha hai ki jisakI paradravyameM kartRtva buddhi hai vaha mithyAdRSTi hai| Age sAkhyamatakA anusaraNa karate hue jo zramaNAbhAsa AtmAko akartA jar3a karmako hI kartA mAnate haiM teraha gAthAoMke dvArA unake matakA nirUpaNa aura usapara doSApAdana karate hue likhA hai karma hI jIvako ajJAnI karate hai aura karma hI jIvako jJAnI karate hai / karma hI use sulAte aura jagAte haiM / karma hI jIvako sukhI aura dukhI karate haiM / karma hI jIvako mithyAdRSTi aura asaMyamI karate haiN| karma hI jIvako bhramaNa

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 153 karAte haiN| jitanA zubhAzubha hai vaha saba karmoke dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai / cUMki karma hI saba kucha karate-dharate, aura dete-lete haiM, ataH sabhI jIva akartA Thaharate haiM / aisI sthitimeM puruSa-veda karma-strIkI abhilASA karatA hai aura strI-veda karmapuruSakI abhilASA karatA hai aisA AcAryokA kathana hai aura zAstrameM likhA hai| ataH Apake matameM koI bhI jIva abrahmacArI nahIM ThaharA; kyoMki karma hI karmakI abhilASA karatA hai // 332-337 // tathA jisa karmake udayase eka jIva dUsare jIvakA ghAta karatA hai aura eka jIva dUsare jIvake dvArA ghAtA jAtA hai vaha paraghAtanAma karma hai| ataH Apake matameM koI bhI jIva ghAtaka nahIM ThaharatA; kyoMki karma hI karmako ghAtatA hai / isa prakAra jo zramaNa sAMkhyamatakA avalambana lekara isa prakAra kathana karate haiM unake matase prakRti hI kI hai aura saba AtmA akAraka Thaharate haiN| yadi kahA jAya ki aura saba kAma to prakRti karatI hai, AtmA kevala AtmAko karatA hai to yaha kahanA bhI mithyA hai| AtmA to nitya asaMkhyAta pradezI hai / vaha usase na choTA ho sakatA hai aura na bar3A / yadi kahA jAya ki AtmA jJAyaka svabhAva hai aura jJAyakabhAva sadA jJAnasvabhAva rUpa hI rahatA hai to AtmA svayaM apanA kartA nahIM ThaharatA // 342-344 // __ Age kahA hai jisakA aisA siddhAnta hai ki jo karatA hai vaha nahIM bhogatA, vaha mithyAdRSTi Ahata matAnuyAyI nahIM haiM // 347 // jisakA siddhAnta hai ki anya kartA hai aura anya bhogatA hai vaha bhI mithyAdRSTi hai aura arhata-matAnuyAyI nahIM hai // 348 // Age granthakArane dRSTAnta dvArA jIvake kartRtva aura bhoktRtvakA nizcaya aura vyavahAradRSTise kathana kiyA hai / ___Age kahA hai ki jIvake jo guNa haiM ve jIvameM hI haiM, anya dravyoMmeM nahIM haiN| ataH samyagdRSTi viSayoMmeM rAga nahIM karatA // 370 // anya dravya anya dravyake guNoMko utpanna nahIM krtaa| ataH sabhI dravya svabhAvase hI utpanna hote haiM // 372 // nindA aura stutivacana rUpa pudgala hI pariNata hote haiM / kintu unheM sunakara yaha jIva ruSTa aura saMtuSTa hotA hai ki mujhe isane aisA kahA hai // 373 / / parantu zabda to paudgalika haiM unakA guNa tumase bhinna hai / ataH paudgalika zabdoMne tujhe kucha bhI nahIM kahA, tU ajJAnI banakara kyoM ruSTa yA saMtuSTa hotA hai // 374 // isa tarahase sabhI indriyoMke viSayoMmeM rAga-dveSa karanekI pravRttiko ajJAna batalAyA hai| Age pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna, aura AlocanAkA svarUpa cAra gAthAoMse (383-386) batalAyA hai|

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554 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa cetanAke do bheda haiM-jJAna cetanA aura ajJAna cetanA / jJAnake sivAya anya vastumeM maiM isakA karatA hU~ isa prakArakI cetanA karma cetanA hai| aura jJAnake sivAya anyameM isakA maiM anubhavitA hU~ isa prakArakI cetanAko karmaphala cetanA kahate haiM ye donoM ajJAna cetanAke hI bheda hai| yaha ajJAna hI saMsArakA bIja hai| yahI bAta gAthA 387-389 meM batalAyI hai / Age pandraha gAthAoMke dvArA jJAnako jJeyoMse bhinna batalAyA hai| yathA-zAstra jJAna nahIM hai kyoMki zAstra kucha bhI nahIM jaantaa| ataH zAstra bhinna hai aura jJAna bhinna hai| zabda jJAna nahIM hai kyoMki zabda kucha bhI nahIM jaantaa| ataH zabda anya hai aura jJAna anya hai / isa tarahase aneka udAharaNoMke dvArA jJAnako jJeyoMse bhinna batalAkara antameM kahA hai-'cU~ ki AtmA sadA jAnatA hai ataH vaha jJAyaka honese jJAnI hai aura jJAna jJAyakase abhinna hai // 403 // ataH jJAna hI samyagdRSTi hai| jJAna hI saMyama hai jJAna hI dvAdazAMgasUtra rUpa hai| jJAna hI dharmAdharma hai aura jJAna hI pravrajyA hai|404|| jJAna na to kucha grahaNa karatA hai aura na kucha chor3atA hai| kyoMki grahaNa karanA aura chor3anA isakA svabhAva nahIM hai / vaha to kevala jAnatA mAtra hai| ___ Age kahA hai-aneka prakArake sAdhu-liMgoM aura gRhastha-liMgoMko dhAraNa karake mUDhajana kahate haiM ki yaha liMga mokSakA mArga hai / / 308 // kintu liMga mokSakA mArga nahIM hai kyoMki liMga zarIrAzrita hotA hai aura zarIrase nirmohI arhanta liMgako tyAgakara darzana jJAna aura cAritrako ArAdhanA karate haiM // 409 / / ataH liMga mokSakA mArga nahIM hai kintu darzana jJAna cAritra hI mokSakA mArga hai // 410 // isaliye sAdhu aura gRhasthoMke dvArA gRhIta liMgameM mamatva chor3akara darzana jJAna cAritrameM apaneko lagA // 411 // jo sAdhuliMgoM aura gRhasthaliMgoMmeM mamatva karate haiM ve samayasArako nahIM jAnate // 413 // vyavahAranaya sAdhuliMga aura gRhasthaliMga donoMko mokSamArgameM svIkAra karatA hai| kintu nizcayanaya mokSamArgameM kisI bhI liMgako svIkAra nahIM karatA // 414 // isa taraha 415 gAthAoMmeM samayasAra pUrNa hotA hai / yaha gAthA saMkhyA amRtacandrasUrikI TIkAke anusAra hai jayasenAcAryakI TIkAke anusAra samayasArakI padyasaMkhyA 439 hai| samayasArameM yoM to gAthAe~ hI haiM, kintu 4 anuSTup bhI hai / pUjyapAda devanandi vikramakI chaThI zatAbdImeM pUjyapAda devanandi nAmake eka samartha jainAcArya ho gaye haiM / yaha siddhAnta zAstra, vyAkaraNa zAstra aura vaidyaka zAstrameM niSNAta the aura unhoMne ukta tInoM hI viSayoMpara saMskRta bhASAmeM anya racanA kI hai / inake

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 155 jIvanAdike sambandhameM Age prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| inakI adhyAtmaviSayaka do kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiN| unameMse ekakA nAma hai iSTopadeza aura dUsarIkA nAma hai smaadhitNtr| iSTopadeza'--yaha 51 saMskRta padyoMkA eka choTA-sA adhyAtmika grantha hai / yaha 'yathAnAma tathA guNa' hai| isake antima padyameM granthakArane kahA hai ki buddhimAna bhavyajIva isa iSTopadezako acchI tarahase par3hakara mAna aura apamAnameM samabhAvako rakhe aura Agrahako chor3akara vanameM athavA prAmAdimeM rahe / vaha anupama muktilakSmIko prApta karatA hai / pranthake pacAsa padya saMskRta anuSTup chandameM hai / eka-eka padya eka-eka maNikI taraha bahumUlya hai / saMskRta bar3I parimArjita aura sarala hai kintu usameM jo upadeza bharA huA hai vaha amUlya hai / 50veM padyameM kahA hai-'jIva anya hai aura pudgala anya hai' isa vAkyameM saba tattvoMkA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| isake sivAya jo kucha kahA jAtA hai vaha isIkA vistAra hai'| usI vistArako karate hue granthakArane kahA hai-'zarIra, makAna, strI, putra, mitra, zatru ye saba apanI AtmAse bhinna svabhAvavAle haiN| ajJAnI inheM apanA mAnatA hai // 8 // rAtrike samaya nAnA dezoM aura dizAoMse Akara pakSIgaNa vRkSoMpara baserA lete haiM aura dina nikalanepara apane-apane kAryavaza vibhinna dezoM aura dizAoMko cale jAte haiM / vahI dazA saMsArakI hai // 9 // jo nirdhana isalie dhanakA saMcaya karatA hai ki maiM isake dvArA dharma kArya karU~gA / vaha snAna karanekI bhAvanAse apane zarIrako kIcar3ase lipta karatA hai // 1 // bhogoMkI nindA karate hue likhA hai-ArambhameM saMtApa denevAle, aura prApta ho jAnepara atRptiko utpanna karanevAle tathA antameM jinako tyAganA atikaSTa sAdhya hotA hai aise bhogoMko kauna buddhimAn cAhegA // 97 // zarIrakI nindA karate hue likhA hai-jisake saMsargase pavitra padArtha bhI apavitra ho jAte haiM jo sadA bhUkha roga Adi vyAdhiyoMkA ghara hai, usa zarIrakI svasthatAke lie prArthanA karanA vyartha hai / iSTopadeza paM0 AzAdhara racita saMskRta TIkAke sAtha prathamavAra zrI mANikacanda di0 jaina granthamAlA bambaIse prakAzita 'tattvAnuzAsanAdisaMgraha' meM prakAzita huA thaa| tathA hindI TIkAke sAtha vIrasevA mandira, sarasAvA (sahAranapura) se prakAzita huA hai|

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156 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa Age AtmAkA svarUpa aura usakA dhyAna karanekI preraNA karate hue kahA hai yaha AtmA svasaMvedanase spaSTa anubhavameM AtA hai / yaha svazarIra pramANa, avinAzI hai, atyanta sukhakA bhaNDAra hai tathA loka aura alokakA jJAtA dRSTA hai // 21 // indriyoMko vazameM karake ekAgra cittase AtmAkA AtmAmeM AtmAke dvArA dhyAna karo ||22|| ajJAnako upAsanAse ajJAna milatA hai aura jJAnIke samAgama se jJAna milatA hai / so ThIka hai jisake pAsa jo hotA hai vaha vahI to detA hai // 23 // isa tarahake AtmabhAvanApUrNa upadezoMse yaha iSTopadeza bharA huA hai / yadyapi isameM nizcaya aura vyavahAramUlaka kathana bhedakA citraNa nahIM hai kintu sArA upadeza kundakundAcArya dvArA pratipAdita AtmasthitirUpa adhyAtmakI ora hI le jAtA hai / kundakundake granthoMkA usapara spaSTa prabhAva hai / eka zloka to unakI gAthAkI chAyA jaisA hai / yathA ego meM sAsadI appA NANadaMsaNalakkhaNo / sesA meM vAhirA bhAvA savve saMjogalakkhaNA / / 59 / / bhAvaza 0 X X X eko'haM nirmamaH zuddho jJAnI yogIndragocaraH / bAhyAH saMyogajA bhAvA mattaH sarve'pi sarvathA // 27 // iSTopa 0 samAdhi taMtra' - granthakArane antima padya meM isa granthakA samAdhitaMtra nAma diyA hai / kintu TIkAkAra prabhAcandrane apanI TIkA - prazasti meM isakA nAma 'samAdhi - zataka' diyA hai / isameM 105 padya haiM ataH ise zataka saMjJA denA anucita nahIM hai / kyoMki bhartRharike nItizatakameM 110 aura vairAgyazatakameM 113 padya haiM aura samantabhadrake jinazatakameM 116 hai / ataH 105 padyoMke hote hue bhI granthako 'zataka' saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai / kintu granthakArane svayaM use samAdhitaMtra nAma hI diyA hai / yathA muktvA paratra parabuddhimahaM SiyaM ca saMsAraduHkhajananIM jananAdvimuktaH / jyotirmayaM sukhamupaiti parAtmaniSThastanmArgametadadhigamya samAghitantram / / 105 / granthake maMgala-zlokake dvArA bhI granthakArane avinAzI ananta jJAnasvarUpa siddhAtmAko namaskAra karate hue kahA hai ki usa siddhAtmAne AtmAko AtmA 1. samASitantra nirNayasAgara presa, bambaIse prathama gucchakake antargata prakAzita huA thaa| usake pazcAt vIrasevA mandira sarasAvA (sahAranapura ) se prabhAcandrAcArya kRta saMskRta TIkA aura hindI TIkAke sAtha prakAzita huA hai /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 157 rUpa se aura para ko pararUpase jAnA hai| arthAta AtmAko AtmarUpase parako pararUpa se jAnanA hI mokSakA mArga hai, yahI AcArya kundakundane kahA hai / dUsare zlokake dvArA pUjyapAdane 'jinako' namaskAra kiyA hai aura unake vizeSaNa rUpase ziva, dhAtA (brahmA), sugata (buddha) aura viSNu padoMkA prayoga kiyA hai| prakArAntarase samanvayakI yaha bhAvanA kama se kama jaina-paramparAmeM to pUjyapAdakI hI dena pratIta hotI hai| unase pahaleke kisI granthameM isa prakArakA prayoga nahIM dekhane meM AtA / ___ tIsare zlokake dvArA pUjyapAdane kaivalyasukhakI prAptike icchuka janoMke lie zuddha AtmAkA kathana karanekI pratijJA kI hai aura usake lie zruta, liMga, samAhita antaHkaraNa aura svAnubhavako sahAyaka batalAyA hai| yahA~ zrutase unakA saMketa kundakundAcAryake granthoMkI ora jAna par3atA hai, kyoMki isa granthakA viSaya hI nahIM, kintu aneka padya kundakundake granthoMke zabdazaH RNI pratIta hote haiN| AtmAkA varNana prArambha karate hue pUjyapAdane AtmAke tIna bheda kiye haibahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA tathA bahirAtmAko chor3akara antarAtmAke dvArA paramAtmAko apanAneko kahA hai| ThIka yahI bAta kundakundAcAryane mokSaprAbhRtameM kahI hai tipayAro so appA paramaMtarabahiroha dehINaM / tattha paro jhAijjai aMtovAeNa cayahi bahirappA / mo0 pA0 bahirantaH parazceti tridhAtmA sarvadehiSu / upeyAttatra paramaM madhyopAyAd bahistyajet / / 4 / / sa0 taM0 jo zarIrAdiko AtmA mAnatA hai vaha bahirAtmA hai| citta (vikalpa) aura rAgAdi doSoMse bhI AtmAko jo bhinna anubhava karatA hai vaha antarAtmA hai / aura jo atyanta nirmala hai vaha paramAtmA hai| ye lakSaNa bhI kundakundake anukaraNa rUpa hI haiM / tathA Age granthakArane bahirAtmA kisa prakAra zarIrAdiko AtmA mAnatA hai isakA vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki strI, putra AdimeM mamatvabuddhike honese avidyA nAmakA eka saMskAra dRr3ha ho jAtA hai jisake kAraNa yaha ajJAnI loka zarIrako hI AtmA mAnatA hai / yaha kathana bhI kundakundake mokSaprAbhRta kI bhI 11vIM gAthAkA hI RNI hai| kintu isameM antara yaha hai mithyA jJAnake sthAnameM avidyA nAmaka saMskArakA nirdeza kiyA hai, yathA avidyAsaMzitastasmAtsaMskAro jAyate dRDhaH /

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158 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa Age bhI avidyA' aura saMskAra zabdoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / bauddhoMke dvAdazAMga pratItya-samutpAda siddhAntakA pahalA aMga hai - avidyApratyayAH saMskArAH / yaha usIkA prabhAva pratIta hotA hai; kyoMki pUjyapAdake samayameM bauddhadarzanakA gaharA prabhAva thA / usa samaya taka aneka prakhyAta bauddha dArzanika ho cuke the / Age antarAtmAkA svarUpa batalAte hue AtmAko atIndriya aura anirdezya kahA hai yadabhAve suSupto'haM yadbhAve vyutthitaH punaH / atIndriyamanirdezyaM tatsvasaMvedyamasmyaham // 24 // AtmAke liye yaha anirdezya pada bhI bauddhoMke 'svalakSaNamanirdezyaM' kA smaraNa karAtA hai / paramAtmAke svarUpako anubhava karanekI prakriyA batalAte hue kahA haisarvendriyANi saMyamya stiminenAntarAtmanA / yatkSaNaM pazyato bhAti tattattvaM paramAtmanaH // 30 // arthAt saba indriyoMko saMyamita karake sthira antarAtmAke dvArA kSaNabharake liye anubhava karanevAle jIvako jo kucha pratibhAsita hotA hai vahI paramAtmAkA svarUpa hai / bauddhAcArya dharmakIrtine apane pramANavArtikameM nirvikalpa darzanakI bhI yahI prakriyA batalAyI hai / yathA saMhRtya sarvatazcintAM stimitenAntarAtmanA / sthito'pi cakSuSA rUpamIkSate sAkSajA matiH // 24 // - 3. pari. - donoM zlokoMke dvitIyacaraNa 'stimitenAntarAtmanA ' dhyAna dene yogya hai / dharmakIrti to pUjyapAdake pazcAt hue haiM yaha nizcita hai / ataH uktapada saMbhava hai diGnAga vagairahakA ho / jo ho / isase spaSTa hai ki yadyapi pUjyapAdane AtmatattvakA varNana kundakundake granthoMke AdhArapara hI kiyA hai / kintu apane samaya ke bauddhAdi darzanoMke zabdoMko jo usa samaya vizeSa rUpase pracalita rahe hoMge, unhoMne apanAyA hai tathA bauddhadArzanikoMne nirvikalpatattvako jisa prakArase anirdezya Adi batalAyA hai, pUjyapAdane usa prakriyAkA avalambana lekara AtmatattvakA pratipAdana kiyA hai / AtmAkA svarUpa svasaMvedya hai, vacanoMke dvArA use nahIM kahA jA sakatA, isa bAtakA kathana karate hue likhA hai 1. 'avidyAbhyAsasaMskArairavazaM kSapyate manaH / tadeva jJAnasaMskAra svatastattve'vatiSThate // 37|| sa0 taM0 / tadbrUyAt tatparAn pRcchettadicchettatparo bhavet / yenAvidyAmayaM rUpaM tyaktvA vidyAmayaM vrajet // 53 // sa0 taM0 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 159 yad bodhayitumicchAmi tannAhaM yadahaM punaH / grAhya tadapi nAnyasya tatkimanyasya bodhaye // 59 / / jisa svarUpako samajhAnekI maiM icchA karatA hU~ use maiM samajhA nahIM sakatA / kyoMki jo merA svarUpa hai use dUsarA anubhava nahIM kara sktaa| taba maiM dUsaroMko kyA samajhAUM ? AtmA hI AtmAko saMsAra meM bhramaNa karAtA hai aura AtmA hI AtmAko nirvANa prApta karAtA hai, ataH paramArthase AtmAkA guru AtmA hI hai, dUsarA nahIM hai nayatyAtmAnamAtmaiva janma nirvANameva ca / gururAtmAtmanastasmAnnAnyo'sti paramArthataH / / 75 / / kundakundAcAryakI hI taraha pUjyapAda svAmIne bhI muktike liye pApakI taraha puNyako aura puNyabandhake kAraNa vratoMko bhI tyAjya batalAyA hai tathA liMga aura jAtike bhI Agrahako tyAganekA upadeza diyA hai / yathA apuNyamavataH puNyaM vratairmokSastayorvyayaH / avratAnIva mokSArthI vratAnyapi tatastyajet // 83 // x liGga dehAzritaM dRSTaM deha evAtmano bhavaH / na mucyante bhavAttasmAtte ye liGgakRtAgrahAH / / 87 // jAtidehAzritA dRSTA deha evAtmano bhavaH / na mucyante bhavAttasmAtte ye jAtikRtAgrahAH // 88 // isa taraha samAdhitaMtrameM zarIrAdise bhinna ekamAtra AtmatattvakI upAsanA kA bahuta hI sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka zloka eka ratnakI taraha bahumUlya hai / sAhityakI dRSTise bhI racanA anamola hai / joiMdu-yogIndu jaina-paramparAmeM joiMdu yA yogIndu eka mahAn adhyAtmavettA ho gaye haiN| kintu unakI jIvanIke sambandhameM koI varNana nahIM miltaa| unake granthoMmeM bhI unake jIvana tathA sthAnake bAremeM koI nirdeza nahIM miltaa| unake dvArA racita paramAtma-prakAzameM unakA nAma 'joiMdu' AtA hai yathA bhAvi paNavivi paMcaguru siri-joiMdu-jiNAu / bhaTTa pahAyari viSNaviu vimalu kareviNu bhAu // 8 // arthAt zuddha bhAvase paJcaparameSThiyoMko namaskAra kara bhaTTa prabhAkara apane pariNAmoMko nirmala karake zrI yogIiMdu jinase prArthanA karatA hai| paramAtma-prakAzake TIkAkAra brahmadevane apanI saMskRta TIkAmeM 'zrI joiMdu

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160 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa jiNAu'kA artha 'zrIyogIndradeva nAmA bhagavAn' kiyA hai / jayasenane samayasArakI TIkAmeM tathA yogIndradevairapyuktam' karake paramAtmaprakAza kA eka padya ( 1-68) uddhRta kiyA hai| zrutasAgarane kundakundake caritta pAhur3a (gA0 15 ) kI TIkAmeM 'uktaM ca yogIndranAmnA bhaTTArakeNa' karake paramAtmaprakAza se eka padya (1 / 121) uddhRta kiyA hai aura isI nAmase vaha prasiddha hue haiN| eka grantha yogasAra nAmaka hai| zabdoM tathA bhAvoMkI samanatAke kAraNa vaha bhI joiMdu kI racanA mAnA jAtA hai| kintu usake antima padyameM granthakAra kara nAma 'jogicanda' AtA hai / yathA saMsAraha bhaya-bhIyaeNa jogicaMda muNieNa / appA saMvohaNa kayA dohA ikkamaNeNa // 108 // 'joiMdu kA saMskRta rUpAntara 'yogIndu' hotA hai jisakA artha hotA hai 'yogIcandra' / candrAnta nAmoMkA aneka granthakAroMne induke sAtha prayoga kiyA hai| yathA zubhacandrakA zubhendu, prabhAcandrakA prabhendu / ataH DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye kA vaha sujhAva sarvathA ucita pratIta hotA hai ki paramAtma-prakAzake racayitA kA nAma yogIndra nahIM, kintu yogIndu thA / vaha nAma yogasAra meM diye gaye jogicaMda nAmase ekadama milatA hai / racanAeM-paramparAse Age likhe grantha yogIndu racita kahe jAte haiMparamAtma-prakAza ( apabhraMza ), yogasAra ( apabhraM0 ), naukAra zrAvakAcAra ( apa0 ), adhyAtma-sandoha (saM0), subhASita taMtra (saM0), aura tattvArthaTIkA (sN.)| inake sivAya dohApAhuDa ( apa0 ), amRtAzIti (saM.) aura nijAtmASTaka (prAkRta) ko bhI yogIndu ke sAtha jor3A gayA hai / inameMse adhyAtmasandoha aura subhASita-taMtra nAmaka granthoMke sambandhameM koI jAnakArI prApta nahIM hai tathA tattvArthaTIkA ke racayitAkA nAma yogadeva hai| yogadeva yogIndu se bhinna vyakti haiN| TIkAkI prazastimeM inhoMne apaneko 50 bandhudevakA ziSya batalAyA hai| DA0 upAdhye' ne ukta granthoMke kartRtva para vistArase vicAra karake antameM yahI niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki jisa paramparAke AdhArapara paramAtma-prakAza aura yogasArake sivAya zeSa granthoMko yogInduracita kahA jAtA hai, vaha prAmANika nahIM hai| ataH vartamAnameM paramAtma-prakAza aura yogasAra ve do grantha hI joiMdu racita siddha hote haiN| 1. paramAtma-prakAza ( rA0 zA0 mA0.) kI prastAvanA, pR0 57-63 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 161 paramAtma prakAza-yaha grantha bhaTTa prabhAkarake nimittase likhA gayA hai yaha bAta Adi aura antameM granthakArane svayaM svIkAra kI hai| tathA madhyameM bhI kaI sthaloMpara bhaTTa prabhAkarako saMbodhana karate hue kathana kiyA gayA hai| prabhAkara bhaTTa prakhyAta mImAMsaka bhI hogayA hai jo kumArilakA samakAlIna thA / kintu yaha bhaTTa prabhAkara usase bhinna honA caahie| granthakArane likhA hai-paNDita janoko isa granthameM punarukti doSa nahIM dekhanA cAhie; kyoMki bhaTTa prabhAkarake kAraNa maiMne usI bAtako bAraMbAra kahA hai / ataH bhaTTa prabhAkara paramAtmAke svarUpako jAnanekA icchuka koI mumukSu yogI thaa| yadyapi isa granthase aisA pratIta hotA hai / isIse yaha graMtha mukhya rUpase muniyoMko lakSya karake racA gayA hai| tathApi sAdhAraNajanoMke lie bhI yaha atyanta hitakara hai| kyoMki granthakArane granthake antameM kahA hai-'jo muni bhAva pUrvaka isa paramAtma prakAzakA cintana karate haiM ve samasta mohako jItakara paramArthako jAnate hai| anya bhI jo bhavya jIva isa paramAtma prakAzako jAnate haiM ve bhI loka aura alokakA prakAza karanevAle prakAza (jJAna) ko prApta karate haiM / // 204-205 // zailI aura bhASA-granthakI zailI bahuta sarala hai / isakA prathama kAraNa to bhaTTa prabhAkara hI jAna par3atA hai / usako samajhAneke lie ise sarala zailImeM racA gayA jAna par3atA hai| eka hI bAtako bAraMbAra kahA gayA hai jisase zrotA samajha jaayeN| isIse zAyada isameM pAribhASika zabdoMkA bhI bAhulya nahIM hai| isakI bhASA sugama apabhraMza hai| apabhraMza bhASAkA sabase pahale prakAzita honevAlA yahI grantha hai| aura saMbhavatayA avataka prakAzita apabhraMza sAhityameM yaha sabase prAcIna bhI hai| saMskRta TIkAkAra brahmadevane paramAtma prakAzake do bhAga kiye haiN| prathama adhikArameM 126 aura dUsaremeM 219 padya hai| inameM kSepaka bhI sammilita hai| brahmadevane kSepakake bhI do bheda kiye hai-eka prakSepaka jise 1 itthu Na levau paMDiyahiM guNadosu vi puNaruttu / bhaTTa pabhAyara kAraNai~ mai~ puNa-puNu vi pauttu // 211 / / para0 pra0 2 / 2. san 1909 meM devavandake bAbU sUrajabhAnu vakIlane hindI anuvAdake sAtha isa granthako prathamavAra prakAzita kiyA thaa| san 1915 meM isakA aMgrejI anuvAda ArAse prakAzita huaa| san 1916 meM rAyacanda zAstra mAlA bambaIne brahmadevakI saMskRta TIkA aura hindI TIkAke sAtha ise prakAzita kiyaa| 1937 meM ukta zAstramAlAne DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyase sampAdita karAkara usakA dUsarA saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyaa| usakI prastAvanAkA upayoga isa granthake paricayAdimeM kiyA gayA hai| 11

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162 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa mUlameM sammilita kara liyA gayA hai aura dUsarA sthala saMkhyAbAhya prakSepaka, jo mUlameM sammilita nahIM kiyA gayA hai / tadanusAra prathama adhikArameM mUla padya 118, prakSepaka 5 aura stha0 bA0 pra0 3 haiN| dUsare adhikArameM mUla padya 214 aura stha0 bA0 pra0 5 haiN| kintu jina ATha padyoMko unhoMne mUlameM sammilita nahIM kiyA unakI bhI unhoMne TIkA kI hai| maladhArI bAlacandrane paramAtma prakAzapara kannar3a meM eka TIkA likhI hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki maiMne brahmadevakI TIkA se sahAyatA lI hai kintu unake mUlameM brahmadevake mUlame 6 padya' adhika hai| chandabrahmadevake mUlake anusAra paramAtma prakAzameM saba 345 padya hai / unameM 5 gAthAeM, eka sragdharA aura eka mAlinI hai kintu inakI bhASA apabhraMza nahIM hai / tathA eka catuSpAdikA aura zeSa 337 dohe haiM jo apabhraMzameM haiN| viSaya paricaya-prArambhake sAta dohoMke dvArA paMca parameSThIko namaskAra karaneke pazcAt bhaTTa prabhAkara joiMduse nivedana karatA hai mau saMsAri basaMtAha sAmiya kAla aNaMtu / para maI kiM pi Na pattu suhu dukkha ji pattu mahaMtu // 9 // caugai dukkhahaM tattAhaM jo paramappau koI / caugai-dukkha-viNAsayaru kahahu pasAe~ so vi // 10 // 'he svAmin' isa saMsArameM rahate hue ananta kAla bIta gyaa| parantu maine kucha bhI sukha nahIM paayaa| ulTA mahAna duHkha hI pAyA / ataH cAroM gatiyoMke duHkhoMse saMtapta prANiyoMke cAro gati sambandhI du:khoMkA vinAza karanevAlA jo koI paramAtmA hai usakA bhI svarUpa kaho / isake uttarameM joindu kahate haiM ki AtmAke tIna prakAra haiM-mUr3ha, vicakSaNa aura brahma / jo zarIrako hI AtmA mAnatA hai vaha mUr3ha hai // 13 // jo zarIrase bhinna jJAnamaya paramAtmAko jAnatA hai vaha vicakSaNa yA paNDita hai // 4 // aura jisane karmoko nAza kara aura zarIra Adi para dravyoMko chor3a kara jJAnamaya AtmAko prApta kara liyA hai vaha paramAtmA hai / / 15 / / kundakundAcArya aura pUjyapAdane AtmAke jina tIna prakAroMkA kathana bahirAtmA antarAtmA aura paramAtmAke nAmase kiyA hai, joindune unhIMkA kathana mUr3ha, paNDita aura brahma yA paramAtmAke nAmase kiyA hai| kundakundakI hI taraha joiMdu bhI nitya, niraMjana, jJAnamaya paramAnanda svarUpa paramAtmAkA svarUpa isaprakAra batalAte haiM 1. inake lie dekho-pa0 pra0 kI prastA0, pR0 95

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 163 jAsu Na vaNNu Na gaMdhu rasu jAsu Na sadu Na phAsu / jAsu Na jammaNu maraNu Na vi NAu NiraMjaNu tAsu // 19 // jAsu Na kohu Na mohu mau jAsu Na mAya Na mANu / jAsu Na gaNu Na jhANu jiya soji NiraMjaNu jANu // 20 // atthi Na puNNu Na pAu jasu asthi Na harisu visAu / atthi Na ekku vi dosu jasu so ji NiraMjaNu bhAu // 21 // jisake na varNa hai, na gaMdha hai, na rasa hai, na zabda hai, na sparza hai, na janma hai aura na maraNa hai usakA nAma niraMjana hai| jisake na krodha hai, na moha hai, na mada hai, na mAyA hai, na mAna hai, jisake na sthAna hai, aura na dhyAna hai use niraMjana jaano| jisake na puNya hai aura na pApa hai, aura na haSaM viSAda hai tathA jisake eka bhI doSa nahIM hai vahI niraMjana paramAtmA hai / kundakunda AcAryane bhI AtmAko ina saba bhAvoMse rahita batalAyA hai / kintu joindu yogAbhyAsake sAdhana prANAyAma maNDala aura mudrA Adise bhI AtmAko pRthak batalAte hue kahate haiM jAsu Na dhAraNa dheu Na vi jAsu Na jaMtu Na maMtu / ___ jAsu Na maMDalu mudda Na vi so muNi deu~ aNaMtu // 22 / / jisa paramAtmAke na dhAraNA hai, na dhyeya hai, na yaMtra hai aura na maMtra hai / tathA jisake na maNDala hai aura na mudrA hai use deva (paramAtmA) jAno / bauddha mahAyAna sampradAyakI do zAkhAe~ thI-maMtrayAna aura vajrayAna / maMtrayAnameM maMtrapadoMke dvArA nirvANakI prApti mAnI gaI hai / vajrayAnameM maMtroM dvArA tathA vajra dvArA nirvANakA lAbha hotA hai| maMtrayAna tathA vajrayAnakA sAhitya taMtra kahalAtA hai| taMtra sAhityameM sAdhanAoMkA bhI samAveza hai| sAdhanAoMmeM maMtroM mudrAoM aura dhyAnake dvArA siddhiyoMke atirikta sarvajJatA tathA nirvANake upAya batAye gaye haiM / sambhavatayA joindukA ukta kathana taMtrazAstroMke ukta sAdhanoMse AtmAko bhinna batalAnA pratIta hotA hai / jainadharmake anusAra AtmA hI paramAtmA ho jAtA hai| ataH nizcayanayase AtmA aura paramAtmAmeM koI antara nahIM hai / yahI bAta kundakundane mokSa prAbhUtameM kahI hai / joindu ne bhI ligvA hai-'jaisA nirmala jJAnamaya deva mukti meM nivAsa karatA hai vaisA hI para brahma zarIrameM nivAsa karatA hai ataH donoMmeM bheda mata kara // 26 // yahA~ yaha spATa kara denA ucita hogA ki joiMdune AtmAke liye brahma zabdakA prayoga vizeSa rUpase kiyA hai jo ullekhanIya hai / 1. bau0 dha0 da0, pR0 176-177 /

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164 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa AtmA athavA jIvake svarUpa aura AkArake viSayameM vibhinna matoMkA nirdeza tathA una saba matoMko jainadRSTise mAnya karate hue joindune likhA hai-koI jIvako sarvagata kahate haiM / koI jar3a kahate haiM / koI jIvako zarIra pramANa kahate haiM aura koI use zUnya bhI kahate haiM / 50 // ye cAroM hI kathana ThIka haiM / karma bandhanase rahita AtmA kevala jJAnake dvArA lokAlokako jAnatA hai, isaliye use sarvagata kahate haiM // 52 // AtmajJAnameM lIna jIva indriya janita jJAnase rahita ho jAte haiM isalie unheM jar3a jAnoM, kyoMki jar3a padArtha indriyajJAnase rahita hotA hai / / 53 // zarIrake bandhanase rahita huA zuddha jIva antima zarIra pramANa hI rahatA hai, na vaha ghaTatA hai aura na bar3hatA hai ataH use jinendradevane zarIra pramANa kahA hai // 54 / / zuddha jIva AThoM karmose aura aTTAraha doSoMse zUnya hotA hai isalie use zUnya kahate haiM // 55 // __kundakundane bhI pravacanasAra (1 / 26) meM isI prakAra AtmAko sarvagata batalAyA hai / tathA paJcAsti0 (36) meM kahA hai ki AtmA na kisIkA kAraNa hai aura na kArya / joindune bhI (56) yahI bAta kahI hai| tathA jIva aura karmake sambandhako anAdi batalAyA hai / antameM samyagdRSTikA svarUpa vatalAte hue likhA hai-jo AtmAko AtmA jAnatA hai vaha samyagdRSTi hai // 76 // __ isataraha pahale adhikArameM AtmAkA bahuta hI sarala aura sundara varNana hai / dUsare adhikArameM mokSa, mokSakA phala aura mokSake kAraNakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| prathama gyAraha gAthA paryanta mokSa aura usake phalakA kathana hai| pazcAt mokSake kAraNoMkA kathana hai| joiMdune bhI kundakundakI taraha hI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrako mokSakA kAraNa batalAkara una tInoMko nizcaya dRSTise Atma svarUpa hI batalAyA hai (2 / 12) / Age samabhAvakI bahuta prazaMsA kI hai| kundakundAcAryane mokSa prAbhUtameM (2 / 31) tathA pUjyapAdane samAdhitaMtra (78) meM vyavahArameM sonevAleko Atma kAryameM jAgrata aura vyavahAra meM jAgratako AtmakAryameM suSapta batalAyA hai| kintu joindune gItAke' eka zlokA anusaraNA karate hue likhA hai ki samasta prANiyoMke lie jo nizA hai usameM yogI jAgata hai aura jisameM sakala jagata jAgatA hai usako rAtri mAnakara yogI sotA hai - 1. 'yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAM tasyAM jAgati saMyamI / yasyAM jAgrati bhUtAni sA nizA pazyato maneH // gI0 2-69 / 'jA Nisi savalaha~ dehiyaha joggiu tahiM jaggei / jahiM puNa jaggai sayalu jagu sA Nisi muNivi suvei-pa0 pra0 2 / 46 /

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 165 1. hemacandrAcAryane apane apabhraMza-vyAkaraNake sUtroMke udAharaNameM thor3e bahuta parivartanake sAtha paramAtmA prakAzase kucha dohe uddhRta kiye haiM tathA anya bhI kucha sAmagrI lI hai| jisase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki hemacandra paramAtmaprakAzase paricita the / hemacandrakA janma 1089 I0 meM huA thA aura svargavAsa 1173 I0 meM huA thaa| DA0 upAdhyekA kahanA hai ki kisI bhASAke itihAsameM yaha koI anahonI bAta nahIM hai ki sAhityika rUpameM avatarita honeke bAda hI usa bhASA ke vizAla vyAkaraNoMkI racanA kI jAtI hai| ataH isa kalpanAke lie ki hemacandrake dvArA nibaddha apabhraMza hI usa samayakI pracalita bhASA thI, paryApta sAdhanoMkA abhAva hai| yaha kahanA adhika yukti saMgata pratIta hotA hai ki apane vyAkaraNake dvArA unhoMne apabhraMzake sAhityika rUpako nibaddha kiyA hai| aura yaha rUpa unake samayameM pracalita bhASAke pUrvakA athavA usase bhI adhika prAcIna rahA hogA; kyoMki vyAkaraNakA AdhAra kevala bola cAlakI bhASA nahIM hotii| ataH hemacandrase kama se kama do zatAbdI pUrva joiMdukA samaya mAnanA hogaa| 2. pro0 hIrAlAlajIne dohA pAhuDakI prastAvanA (pR0 22) meM likhA hai ki hemacandrane rAmasiMhake dohA pAhuDase kucha padya uddhata kiye haiM aura rAmasiMhane joiMduke yogasAra aura paramAtma prakAzase bahutase dohe lekara apanI racanAko samRddha banAyA hai| ataH joiMdu hemacandrake kevala pUrvavartI hI nahIM haiM kintu una donoMke madhyameM rAmasiMha hue haiN| 3. devasena kRta tattvasArake aneka padya paramAtma prakAzake RNI pratIta hote haiM / udAharaNake liye yahA~ do tIna padya diye jAte haiM udayaha ANivikammu mai~ jaM bhujevau hoi / taM sai Aviu khaviu maI so para lAhu ji koi ||183||-pr0 pra0 2 / jaM hoi bhujiyavvaM kammaM udayassa ANiyaM tavasA / saya mAgayaM ca taM jai so lAho Natthi saMdeho ||50||-t0 sA0 / x visayakasAyahi maNasalilu Na vi Dahulijjai jAsu / appA Nimmalu hoi lahu vaDha paccakkhu vi tAsu ||156||-pr. pra. 2 / rAyaddosAdIhi ya Dahalijjai Neva jassa maNasalilaM / so NiyataccaM picchai Na hu picchai tassa vivarIo ||40||-t. sA. ina donoM padyoMkA pUrvArdha to zabdazaH bhI mela khAtA hai| aise aura bhI aneka padya upasthita kiye jA sakate haiN|

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166 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa tattvasArake racayitA devasenane hI paramAtma prakAzakA anusaraNa kiyA jAna par3atA hai kyoMki unhoMne apanI anya kRtiyoMmeM bhI pUrvAcAryokA anusaraNa kiyA hai / devasenane vikrama sambat 990 meM (933 I0) meM apanA darzanasAra racA thaa| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki joiMdu usase pahale ho gaye haiN| 4. yogasArakA 65 vAM dohA isa prakAra haiviralA jANahiM tattu buhu viralA NisuNahiM tattu / viralA jhAyahiM tattu jiya viralA dhArahiM tattu / / 65 // aura kArtikeyAnuprekSAkI eka gAthA isa prakAra haiviralA NisuNahiM tacca viralA jANaMti taccado taccaM / viralA bhAvahi taccaM viralANaM dhAraNA hodi // 279 / / kA0 a0 apabhraMza bhASAmeM nahIM likhI gaI hai / ataH vartamAnakAla tRtIya puruSake bahuvacanake rUpa 'NisuNahi' aura 'bhAvahi' usameM jabarana ghusa gaye haiN| kintu yogasAra meM ve hI rUpa ThIka haiM kyoMki usakI bhASA apabhraMza hai| donoM padyoMkA Azaya eka hai| kevala doheko gAthAkA rUpa de diyA gayA hai / aura DaoN. upAdhyeke anusAra kA0 a0 ke racayitA kumAra ne hI joiMduke doheko gAthAkA rUpa diyA hai| ataH unhoMne joiMduko kumArase prAcIna mAnA hai| 5. prAkRta lakSaNake kartA caNDane apane sUtra 'yathA tathA anayoH sthAne' ke udAharaNameM nimnalikhita dohA uddhRta kiyA hai kAla laheviNu joiyA jima-jima moha galei / tima-tima daMsaNu lahai jo NiyameM appu muNei // / yaha paramAtma prakAzake prathama adhikArakA 85 vAM dohA hai| donoM meM kevala itanA antara hai ki paramAtma prakAzameM 'jima' ke sthAnapara 'jimu' timake sthAna para 'timu' tathA 'jo' ke sthAna para 'jiu' pATha hai / caNDake samayake bAremeM aneka mata haiN| unameMse guNekA mata hai ki caNDa usa samaya hue haiM jaba apabhraMza bhASA kevala AbhIroMke bolacAla kI hI bhASA nahIM thI balki sAhityika bhASA ho cukI thI / arthAt IsAkI chaTThI zatAbdIke bAdameM / isa prakAra caNDake vyAkaraNake vyavasthita rUpakA samaya sAtavIM zatAbdI rakhA jA sakatA hai| ataH paramAtmaprakAza usase prAcIna honA cAhiye / 6. jo iMduke paramAtma prakAzake tulanAtmaka adhyayanase yaha spaSTa hai unakA grantha kundakundake mokSa prAbhUta aura pUjyapAda ke samAdhizataka kA RNI hai / paramAtma pra0 ( 1 / 121-4 ) meM jo AtmAke tIna prakAroMkA varNana hai vaha mokkhapAhuDa (4-8) se vilkula milatA hai / sabhyagdRSTI aura mithyAdRSTikI pari

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 167 bhASAeM bhI (para0 pra0 1276-77 ) kundakundake mo0 pA0 (14-15 ) meM dI gaI paribhASAoM jaisI hI haiN| aura brahmadevane ukta dohoMkI TIkAmeM mo0 pA0 kI donoM gAthAoMko uddhRta bhI kiyA hai / isI taraha aura bhI gAthAoM aura dohoMmeM samAnatA hai / yathA-mo0 pA0 24 aura pa0 pra0 1186 / mo0 pA0 37 aura pa0 pra0 2 / 13 / mo0 pA0 51 aura pa0 pra0 2 / 176-177 / Adi / mokkha pAhur3a AdikI saMskRta TIkAmeM zrutasAgara sUrine pa0 prakAzake jo dohe uddhata kiye haiM usase bhI ukta bAta kA hI samarthana hotA hai| ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki joindu kundakundake pazcAt hue haiM / 7. pUjyapAdake samAdhi zataka aura paramAtma prakAzake tulanAtmaka adhyayanase donoMmeM ghaniSTha samAnatA pratIta hotI hai| samAnatAke nidarzaka kucha ullekha isa prakAra hai-sa0 za0 4-5 aura pa0 pra0 111-14; sa0 za0 31 aura pa0 pra0 21175, 11123 2; sa0 za0 64-66 aura pa0 pra0 21178-180; sa0 za0 70 aura pa0 pra0 180 / donoM granthoMmeM gaharA vicAra sAmya bhI hai kintu zailImeM antara hai / vaiyAkaraNa honeke kAraNa pUjyapAdake udgAra saMkSipta, bhASA parimArjita aura bhAva vyavasthita haiN| kintu yogIndune usI bAtako vistArase aura sarala karake kahA hai / phira bhI unake kucha dohe samAdhi zatakake zlokoMke rUpAntara jaise pratIta hote haiM / yathA yaH parAtmA sa evAhaM yo'haM sa paramastataH / ahameva mayopAsyo nAnyaH kazciditi sthitiH ||31||-s0 za0 / jo paramappA NANama u so hau~ deu aNaMtu / jo hau~ so paramappu paru ehau bhAvi NibhaMtu ||175||-p0 pra0 jIrNe vastre yathAtmAnaM na jINaM manyate tathA / jIrNe svadehe 'pyAtmAnaM na jINaM manyate budhaH ||64||-s0 za0 jiNNi vatthi jema buhu dehu Na maNNai jiNNu / dehi jiNNi NANi taha appa Na maNNai jiNNu ||179||-p0 pra0 naSTe vastre yathAtmAnaM na naSTaM manyate tathA / naSTa svadehe 'pyAtmAnaM na naSTaM manyate budhaH ||65||-s0 za0 vatthu paNa?i jema buhu dehu Na maNNai NaTTa / Na? dehe NANi taha appu Na maNNai NaTTha // 180 // pa0 pra0 ataH DaoN0 upAdhyene paramAtma prakAzako samAdhi zataka aura caNDake prAkRta lakSaNake madhyakAlakI racanA mAnA hai| cUMki pUjyapAdakA samaya IsAkI pAcavIM

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168 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa zatAbdIke antima pAdase kucha pUrva hai| aura caNDake prAkRta lakSaNake vyavasthita rUpakA samaya IsAkI sAtavIM zatAbdIke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai| ataH DaoN0 upAdhyene joindukA samaya IsAkI chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai / ___kintu paramAtma prakAzakI eka gAthA (2 / 60) tiloya paNNatti meM (9-58) jyoMkI tyoM pAI jAtI hai kevala antima caraNameM thor3A antara hai |ythaa puNNeNa hoi vihavo vihaveNa mao maeNa mai moho / mai moheNa ya pAvaM tA puNNaM amha mA hou ||60||-p0 pra0 ti0 pa0 meM antima caraNa hai 'tamhA puNNo vi vajjejjo' / donoMke abhiprAyameM koI antara nahIM hai| pa0 pra0 ke dUsare adhikArameM ukta gAthA prakaraNa saMgata hai / 53 veM dohe se 64 taka puNya aura pApa donoMko tyAjya batalAyA hai / usIke madhyameM ukta gAthA hai / kula 5 gAthAe~ paramAtmaprakAzameM haiM aura ve saba apabhraMzameM nahIM haiM / kevala dohoMkI bhASA apabhraMza hai / udhara ti0 50 novAM adhyAyameM kundakundake samayasAra pravacanasArakI aneka gAthAe~ bharI huI haiN| unhIMke bIcameM ukta gAthA bhI hai / ataH ukta gAthA pa0 pra0se hI ti0 pa0meM lI gaI pratIta hotI hai| pravacanasAra gAthA 1-77kA rUpAntara para prakAza dohA (1-55) ke rUpameM vartamAna hai| ukta 60vIM gAthA bhI prava0 ( 174-75 ) kA Azaya lekara hI banAI gaI jAna par3atI hai / una gAthAoMmeM kundakundAcAryane kahA hai ki yadi puNyakarma hotA hai to vaha deva paryanta prANiyoMko viSayoMkI tRSNA utpanna karatA hai| usa tRSNAke vazIbhUta hue ve prANI tRSNAse dukhI hokara jIvanaparyanta viSayasukhako bhogate rahate haiM aura usIkI icchA karate haiN| isI bAtako joindune pa0 pra0meM bar3e sundara DhaMgase ukta gAthAmeM kahA hai ki puNyase vaibhava milatA hai / vaibhava pAkara mada hotA hai madase buddhi bhraSTa ho jAtI hai aura buddhike bhraSTa honepara jIva pApakA saMcaya karatA hai| ___ ataH ukta gAthA joindukRta honI cAhiye / aisI sthitimeM pravacanasAra ti0 pa0se pUrvakA ThaharatA hai| ukta doheke Age azaraNa aura ekatva bhAvanAse sambaddha (68-70) tIna doheM haiN| Age eka dohe ( 98 ) ke dvArA piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoMke nAma ginAye haiN| usase Age dohA (99-103) dvArA sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAra vizuddhi aura sUkSma sAmparAya saMyamakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| yathAkhyAtakA svarUpa chUTa gayA hai| antameM kahA hai ki jo siddha ho cuke haiM, jo siddha hoMge aura jo vartamAnameM ho rahe haiM ve saba Atmadarzanase hI siddha hue haiM // 107 //

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 169 kundakundAcAryakI taraha hI joindune bhI likhA hai ki jo jIva puNya aura pApako samAna nahIM mAnatA vaha mohake vazIbhUta hokara cirakAlataka bhramaNa karatA hai / itanA hI nahIM, kintu joindune usa pApako acchA batalAyA hai jo jIvako duHkha dekara use mokSakI tarapha lagAtA hai // 56 // isI prakaraNameM puNyakI burAI karanevAlI eka gAthA (2 / 60) AtI hai jo tiloya paNNati (9|52)meN bhI hai / isase AgevAle dohemeM Arya zAntikA mata AyA hai jisameM likhA hai ki deva, zAstra aura munivaroMkI bhaktise puNya hotA hai, karmoMkA kSaya nahIM hotA aisA Arya zAnti kahate haiM // 61 / / kundakundakI taraha hI joindune bhI vandanA, nindA, pratikramaNa Adiko puNyakA kAraNa batalAkara eka mAtra zuddha bhAvako hI upAdeya batalAyA hai / likhA hai-zuddhopayogIke hI saMyama zIla aura tapa hotA hai, samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna hotA hai tathA usIke kokA kSaya hotA hai ataH zuddhopayoga hI pradhAna hai // 67 // are jIva ! jahA~ terA jI cAhe vahA~ jA aura jo terI icchA ho, vaha kara / kintu jaba taka cittakI zuddhi nahIM hai, mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA // 7 // ___ Atma jJAnase vihIna yogiyoMkA tIrtha paryaTana, celA celiyoMkA pAlana poSaNa saba nirarthaka hai / jo jinaliMga dhAraNa karake bhI parigraha rakhate haiM unheM vamanakA khAnevAlA kahA hai // 91 // bhikSAmeM miSTa bhojanakI kAmanA rakhanevAle nagna bheSadhArI muniyoMkI bhI bhartsanA kI hai // 111-2 / / / antameM viSayoMmeM AsaktikI burAI batalAkara AtmAkA dhyAna karanepara jora diyA hai| donoM adhikAroMkA antima bhAga adhyAtmapUrNa upadezoMse bharA huA hai| yogasAra--yaha eka 108 dohoMkA, jinameM eka caupAI aura do soraThA bhI sammilita hai, eka choTA sundara grantha hai| ise paramAtma prakAzakA sAra kaha sakate hai, kyoMki jo paramAtma prakAzakA viSaya hai vahI yogasArakA bhI viSaya hai / isake ArambhameM bhI AtmAke ukta tIna prakAroMkA kathana usI rItise kiyA gayA hai aura likhA hai ki yadi jIva tU AtmAko AtmA samajhegA to .-- ---- - -- 1. 'Na hi maNNadi jo evaM Natthi visesotti puNNa pAvANaM / hiMDadi ghoramapAraM saMsAraM mohasaMchaNNo / prava0 sA0 1-77 / jo Na vi maNNai jIu samu puNNu vi pAu vi doi / so ciru dukkha sahata jiya mohiM hiDai loi-pa0 pra0 2 / 55 / 2. yogasArakA prakAzana bhI hindI anuvAdake sAtha rAyacandra jainazAstra mAlAse huA hai| paramAtma prakAzake antameM usIke sAtha ise jor3a diyA gayA hai|

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170 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa nirvANa prApta kregaa| kintu yadi para padArthoMko AtmA mAnegA to saMsArameM bhaTakegA // 12 // kundakundane' karmavimukta AtmAko paramAtmA batalAte hue use jJAnI, parameSThI, sarvajJa, viSNu, caturmukha aura buddha kahA hai| yogasArameM bhI usake jina, buddha, ziva Adi nAma batalAye haiM / joindune bhI kundakundakI taraha nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoMke dvArA AtmAkA kathana kiyA hai / yogasArameM donoM dRSTiyA~ vizeSa rUpase milatI haiN| likhA hai- zrutakevalIne kahA hai ki deva na devAlayameM hai aura na tIrthoMmeM / deva to zarIra rUpI devAlayameM hai yaha nizcayase jAno // 42 // deva to zarIra rUpI devAlayameM hai aura loga use devAlayoMmeM dekhate haiN| yaha dekhakara mujhe haMsI AtI hai // 43 // yogasArake adhyayanase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki paramAtma prakAzakI taraha usakA viSaya kramabaddha nahIM hai kintu yaha eka saMgraha jaisA pratIta hotA hai / isameM eka dohA AtA hai viralA jANahi jattu buha viralA NisuNahiM tattu / viralA jhAyahiM tattu jiya viralA dhArahiM tattu // 66 // 'virale jana tattvako jAnate haiM, virale hI tattvako sunate haiM, virale hI tattvakA dhyAna karate haiM aura virale ho tattvako dhAraNa karate haiN| ___isakA pUrvApara sambandha vaiThAyA jA sakatA hai kintu apane sthAnapara yaha phiTa nahIM baitthtaa| isI dohekA gAthA rUpa kArtikeyAnuprekSA (gA0 271) meM pAyAjAtA hai|ti0p0ke sambandha meM pahale vistArase prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai / usakA vartamAna rUpa sandigdha hai| phira bhI usameM jo bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANase lekara eka hajAra varSakI kAla gaNanA dI hai usase vaha vikramakI chaThI zatAbdIke pUrvakI racanA siddha nahIM hotI hai| aisI sthitimeM joindu ke paramAtmaprakAzako samAdhizataka aura tipaNNattike madhyakAlakI racanA mAnanA cAhiye / saMbhava hai ki jo indu pUjyapAdake laghusamakAlIna hoM athavA unake pazcAt turanta hI hue hoM / ataH joindu vikramakI chaThI zatAbdIke granthakAra hone cAhiye / 1. 'NANI siva parameTThI panvaNhu viNhu caumuho buddho / appoviya paramappo kamma vimukko ya hoi phudro ||149|||-bhaa0 prA0 / Nimmala Nikkalu suddha jiNu viNhu baddha siva saMtu / so paramappA jiNa bhaNiu ehau jANi Ni bhaMtu // 9 // yo0 saa0|

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dravyAnuyoga (adhyAtma) viSayaka mUlasAhitya : 171 antima dohemeM likhA hai ki saMsArake bhayase bhIta jogicanda munine apane sambodhanake lie ina dohoMko racA hai| joindu ora jogicanda nAmoMmeM koI antara nahIM hai / tathA paramAtma prakAza aura yogasArake viSayameM hI samAnatA nahIM haiM, kintu padoM aura zabdoMmeM bhI samAnatA hai| donoM granthoMke maMgalAcaraNoMke kucha antima caraNa eka haiM yathA je jAyA jhANaggiyae kammakalaMka Dahevi / Nicca NiraMjaNaNANamaya te paramappa Navevi ||1||-p0 pu0 NimmalajhANa pariThThayA kammakalaMka Dahevi / appA laddhau jeNa paru te paramappa Nave vi // 1 // yo0 sA0 / donoM granthoMkA prArambha bhI jisa dohese huA hai usameM bhI samAnatA hai gau saMsAra basaMtAhaM sAmiya kAlu aNaMtu / para maI kiM pi Na pattu suhu dukkhu ji pattu mahaMtu // 9 // 10 pra0 kAlu aNAi aNAi jiu bhava sAyaru ji aNaMtu / micchA daMsaNa mohiyaU Na vi suha dukkha ji pattu // 4 // isa tarahakI samAnatA bahutAyatase pAI jAtI hai / ataH yogasAra bhI avazya hI paramAtma prakAzake kartAkI hI kRti hai|

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jainasAhityakA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga tRtIya adhyAya adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya dvitIya adhyAyameM adhyAtma-viSayaka mUla-sAhityakA ItivRtta nibaddha kiyA jA cukA hai| isa adhyAyameM adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhityakA pratipAdana kiyA jaaygaa| AcArya amRtacandrasUri TIkAkAra hote hue bhI mUlagrantha racanekI kSamatAse yukta haiM / samayasArakI TIkAmeM unhoMne 'kalaza' nAmase jina padyoMko grathita kiyA hai uttarakAlameM una padyoMkA saMkalana 'samayasAra-kalaza' nAmase grantharUpameM abhihita huaa| ataeva adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya prameyakI dRSTise utanA hI mahattvapUrNa hai jitanA mUla adhyAtma-sAhitya / isa adhyAyameM TIkA-sAhityake atirikta aise laghukAya granthoMkA bhI vivecana rahegA, jo uttarakAlameM ukta sAhityake AdhArapara likhe gaye haiM / TIkAkAra amRtacandrasUri kundakundake samayasAra, aura paJcAstikAyake TIkAkAra amRtacandrasUri kundakundAcAryake saphala vyAkhyAtA aura adhyAtmavettA the / inakI TIkAe~ hI inakI vidvattA, vAgmitA aura prAJjala zailIkI paricAyaka haiN| inhoMne apanI kisI bhI kRtimeM apane sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhA / ataH ve kaba hue aura unake guru Adi kauna the, yaha saba eka tarahase ajJAta hai| kevala unakI kRtiyoMse hI unake vyaktitvako samajhA jA sakatA hai| jainaparamparAke AdhyAtmika vidvAnoMmeM kundakundake pazcAt yadi kisIkA nAma Adarake sAtha liyA jA sakatA hai to ve amRtacandra hI haiN| ataH unhoMne apanI TokAoMke antameM bhI apane usI adhyAtmabhAvakA hI paricaya dete hue likhA hai1. 'svazakti saMsUcita vastutattvAkhyA kRteyaM samayasya zabdaH / svarUpaguptasya na kiJcidadasti kartavyamevAmRtacandrasUreH // ' -samayasAra TIkA tathA paJcA0 TI0 ke antameM yaha padya hai /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 173 AgamakI yaha vyAkhyA apanI zaktise vastu tattvako sUcita karanevAle zabdoMke dvArA kI gaI hai| apane svarUpameM lIna amRtacandrake liye kucha bhI karaNIya nahIM hai / apane eka granthake' antameM likhA hai-'taraha-tarahake varNose pada bana gaye / padoMse vAkya bana gaye aura vAkyoMse yaha pavitra zAstra bana gyaa| maiMne kucha bhI nahIM kiyaa|' kundakundake samayasArameM jo AtmAko paravastukA akartA batalAyA hai, usIkA anusaraNa karate hue amRtacandrane apanI kRtiyoMmeMse apane kartRtvake bhAvakA parihAra ukta zabdoMmeM kiyA hai| jo isa taraha apanI kRtiyoMkA kartA bhI apaneko nahIM batalAtA usase yaha AzA kaise kI jA sakatI hai ki vaha apane sAMsArika sambandhoMke viSayameM kucha prakaTa kregaa| paM0 AzAdharane anagAra dharmAmRtakI TIkAmeM amRtacandrasUrikA ullekha Thakkura padake sAtha kiyA hai| ThakkurakA hindI rUpa ThAkura hai / jAgIradAroM aura ohadedAroMko ThAkura kahate haiN| ve prAyaH kSatriya hote haiM / kucha brAhmaNa bhI ThAkura kahe jAte haiN| ataH yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki amRtacandrasUri kauna ThAkura the| phira bhI isase vyakta hotA hai ki ve kisI sammAnita kulake the| isake sivAya unake sambandhameM aura kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotaa| racanAeM-amRtacandrakI pA~ca racanAe~ vartamAnameM upalabdha haiM / 1 puruSArtha siddhayupAya isakA dUsarA nAma 'jinapravacanarahasyakoza' bhI hai| isameM zrAvakAcArakA varNana hai / saMskRta bhASAmeM AryAchandameM isakI racanA kI gaI hai / 2 dUsarI racanA hai tattvArthasAra / yaha tattvArthasUtrakA eka zlokabaddha rUpa hai| ina do granthoMke sivAya tIna TIkA grantha haiN| samayasArakI TIkAkA nAma AtmakhyAti hai / pravacanasArakI TIkAkA nAma tattvadIpikA hai| aura paJcAstikAyakI TIkAkA nAma tattvapradIpikA vRtti hai| ina tInoM TIkAoMke antameM amRtacandrane apanA nAma diyA hai| inake sivAya samayasAra kalaza nAmase bhI amRtacandrakI eka kRti milatI hai aura usapara zubhacandrakRta TIkA bhI hai| kintu vAstavameM vaha koI svataMtra kRti nahIM hai kintu samayasArako TIkAmeM Agata padyoMkA eka saMkalanamAtra hai| ve padya ati sundara aura adhyAtmarasase bhare hue haiN| isaliye kisIne unakA pRthak 1. 'vaNaH kRtAni citraH padAni tu padaiH kRtAni vAkyAni / vAkyaH kRtaM pavitraM zAstramidaM na punarasmAbhiH ||'-pu0 si0 / 2. 'etacca vistareNa ThakkurAmRtacandrasUriviracitasamayasAraTIkAyAM dRSTavyam / ' -ana0 50 TI0 pR0 588

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174 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa saMkalana karake use samayasAra kalaza saMjJA dedI hai| amRtacandrakI ukta pAMcoM racanAeM sulalita sundara saMskRtameM hai / kundakundAcAryake prAkRta bhASAmeM nibaddha granthoMkI TIkA racanese yaha to spaSTa hai ki amRtacandra prAkRta bhASAke bhI vidvAna the| kintu unhoMne prAkRtameM bhI grantharacanAkI ho aisA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM miltaa| kintu DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki samayasAra TIkAkI kucha pratiyoMke antameM eka prAkRta gAthA pAI jAtI hai jo saMbhavatayA amRtacandra kI racI huI hai| tathA meghavijaya gaNIne kucha prAkRta gAthAoMko amRtacandrakI batalAyA hai jo unake dvArA prAkRtameM racita zrAvakAcArakI batalAI gaI haiN|' ___meghavijayagaNine apane yukti praboSa nATakakI saMskRta TIkAmeM amRtacandrake nAmase pA~ca gAthAoMkA ullekha kiyA hai yaha ThIka hai| kintu unameMse cAra gAthAeM kundakundake samayasAra aura pravacanasAra kI hai / gaNijIne mUlagrantha aura usakI TIkAko eka grantha mAnakara usakA kartA kundakunda aura amRtacandra donoMko batalAyA hai / zrAvakAcArake nAmase jo saMskRta padya uddhRta kiye gaye haiM ve saba puruSArtha siddhayupAyake haiN| kevala eka gAthA aisI hai jo DhADhaso gAthAoMmeM pAI jAtI hai| kintu gaNijIne use 'itihAse, zrAvakAcAre amRtacandro'pyAha' kahakara uddhata kiyA hai / usa gAthAmeM kahA hai-'koI bhI saMgha, cAhe vaha kASThA saMgha ho mUlasaMgha ho yA niSpiccha saMgha ho, nahIM taartaa| AtmA hI AtmAko tAratA hai, ataH AtmAkA dhyAna karanA cAhiye / ' DhADhasI gAthAoMmeM isa gAthAkI sthiti bhI aisI pratIta nahIM hotI jisaparase yaha saMdeha kiyA jA sake ki ukta gAthA vahA~ prakSipta hai| phira gaNijoke dvArA use zrAvakAcArakI batalAnA bhI vicitra hai / gaNijIke pUrvavartI zrI zrutasAgarajIne apanI SaTprAbhRta ThIkA (pR0 12)meM bhI eka gAthA udRtakI hai aura likhA hai-'uktaM ca 'DhADhasI gAthAsu / ' ataH yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki ina DhADhasI gAthAoMkI siddhi zrAvakAcArake nAmase kabhI thI, na unakA viSaya zrAvakAcAra rUpa hI hai| 1. prava0 sA0 kI prastA0, pR0 98 / 2. 'samayaprAbhRtasUtra vRtti samudAya ____ rUpasya samayasArasya kundakundAcArya amRtacandracAryAbhyAM praNItasya granthas : -yu0 pra0 TI0, pR0 30 / 2. 'saMgho ko vi na tArai kaTTho mUlo taheva nnippiccho| appA tArai appA tamhA appA hu jhAdavo // 20 // DhA0 gA0 (tattvAnu0 saM0, pR0 164 ) /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 175 isake sivAya gaNijIne' amRtacandrako mUla saMghakA anuyAyI likhA hai| taba vaha kASThAsaMghI AcAryakRta DhADhasI gAthAoMke kartA kaise ho sakate haiM / hamAre vicArase to gaNijI kA ukta ullekha bhramapUrNa hI hai, usakA samarthana unake anya ullekhoMse bhI hotA hai| kundakundakI gAthAoMko unhoMne amRtacandrakI likha diyA hai aura amRtacandrakI samayasAra TIkAmeM uddhRta eka gAthAko kunda-kundakI likha diyA hai / ataH unake ullekhoMke AdhArapara amRtacandrako kisI prAkRta granthakA racayitA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| zailI-TIkAkAra amRtacandrAcAryakI zailIkA prAJjala rUpa samayasArakI TIkAmeM dekhaneko milatA hai| unhoMne gAthAke zabdoMkA vyAkhyAna na karake usameM nihita Azayako hI apane pariSkRta gadya padyAtmaka TIkAke dvArA vyakta kiyA hai| unakI bhASA bhAvoMke anurUpa hai / usameM kRtrimatAkI gaMdha nahIM hai / adhyAtma viSayaka unakA pANDitya jitanA gambhIra aura talasparzI hai, usako vyakta karane ke liye unakI bhASA bhI usIke anurUpa svAbhAvika dhArAke rUpameM pravAhita hotI hai| unakI TIkAmeM Agata padya, jo samayasAra kalazake nAmase bahu pracarita haiM, unakI sarasa suvodha kavitva zaktike jAjvalyamAna udAharaNa haiN| unakI racanA itanI sarasa hai ki bhAvoMko hRdayaMgama kiye binA bhI usake pAThameM Ananda milatA hai / sacamuca meM amRtacandra Adhyatmika kaviyoMke mukuTamaNi haiM / unake padya utane duruha nahIM haiM jitanI duruha unakI gadya hai| kintu donoMhI prakArakI racanAoMmeM ekasA sauSThava pAyA jAtA hai| udAharaNake rUpameM yahA~ kucha aMza diyA jAtA hai____'iha kila sakalodbhAsisyAtpadamudritazabdabrahmopAsanajanmA mamastavipakSakSodakSamAtinistuSayuktayavalambanajanmA nirmalavijJAnadhanAntanimagnaparAparaguruprasAdIkRtazuddhAtmatattvAnuzAsanajanmA anavaratasyandisundaranandamudritAmandasaMvidAtmakasvasaMvedanajanmA ca yaH kamanApi mazcAtmanaH svovibhavastena samastenApya yamekatvavibhaktamAtmAnaM darzaye'hamiti baddhavyavasAyo'smi / ' yaha samayasArakI gAthA pAMcake pUrvArddha-taM eyattavibhattaM dAehaM appaNo savihaveNa kI vyAkhyA hai / aba eka padyakA namUnA bhI dekhiye ubhayanayavirodhadhvaMsini syAtpadADU jinavacasi ramante ye svayaM vAntamohAH / 1. 'amRtAcandrAcAryasya mUlasaMgha yUthyatvena'-yu0 pra0 TI0, 4-31 / 2. 'yaduktaM samayasAre kundakundAcAryeNa'--'jai jiNamayaM pavajjaha tA mA vavahAra Nicchae muhaya' / vahI, pR0 15 /

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176 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa sapadi samayasAraM te paraM jyotirucca ranavamanayapakSAkSuNNamIkSanta eva // 5 // yaha spaSTa haiM ki mUla samayasArase usakI TIkA gahana hai kyoMki kundakundAcAryane jisa tattvakA pratipAdana bar3I sarala rItise kiyA hai, amRtacandracAryane usIkA vivecana apane samayakI pANDityapUrNa dArzanika zailImeM kiyA hai aura isa tarahase unhoMne kundakundake dvArA pratipAdita adhyAtmako dArzanika zailImeM avatarita karake kundakundake pazcAt vikAsako prApta hue dArzanika mantavyoMko bhI usameM samanvita karanekI ceSTA kI hai| itanA hI nahIM kundakundake granthoMmeM jo tattva nihita the kintu aspaSTa the, unheM bhI unhoMne spaSTa karake jainatattvajJAnako samRddha banAyA hai| vizeSatAeM-yaha pahale likha Aye haiM ki amRtacandrane hI samayasArako avAntara vibhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, kintu samayapAhuDako samayasAra nAma bhI unakA hI diyA huA hai; kyoM ka unhoMne apanI TIkAke ArambhameM 'namaHsamayasArAya' tathA 'samayasAra vyAkhyayavAnubhUteH' likhakara samayasAra saMjJA dI hai aura isI nAmase vaha sarvatra khyAta bhI hai| unhoMne ise eka nATakakA rUpa diyA hai / aura nATakakI taraha hI ise aMkoMmeM vibhAjita kiya hai| prathama aMkase pahaleke Arambhika bhAgako 'pUrvaraMga saMjJA dI hai / tathA jaise nATakameM pAtroMkA niSkramaNa aura praveza dikhAyA jAtA hai vaise hI isameM bhI dikhAyA gayA hai| prathama aMka jIvAjIvAdhikArameM jIvako ajIvase bhinna batalAyA gayA hai| ataH antameM likhA hai-'jIvA-jIvI pRthagbhUtvA niSkrAnto' arthAt jIva aura ajIva jude-jude hokara cale gye| aura dUsare kartR-karma adhikArake AraMmbhameM likhA hai-'jIva aura ajIva hI kartA aura karmakA veSa dhAraNa karake praveza karate haiN| tathA antameM likhA hai-'jIva aura ajIva kartA aura karmakA veSa chor3akara nikala gaye / tIsare puNya pApa adhikArake AdimeM likhA hai-'eka hI karma puNya aura pApake rUpa meM do pAtroMkA veSa dhAraNa karake praveza karatA hai|' aura antameM likhA hai-puNya aura pApake rUpase do pAtroMkA veSa dhAraNa karanevAlA karma eka pAtra rUpa hokara nikala gyaa| arthAt karmameM puNya pApakA bheda mithyA hai / donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| isI taraha Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA bandha aura mokSa adhikArameM una-una tattvoMko praveza karAyA aura nikAlA hai| yathArthameM yaha saMsAra eka raMga-maMca hai jisapara jIva aura ajIva nAnA rUpa

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-mAhitya : 177 dhAraNa karake abhinaya kara rahe haiN| sAMkhyakArikAmeM prakRtiko nartakI batalAyA hai aura puruSako darzaka / isI taraha amRtacandrane bhI isa saMsArako raMgabhUmi mAnakara prakRtike sthAnApanna pudgalako hI usakA sUtradhAra batalAte hue likhA hai ki isa anAdi mahAn avivekapUrNa nATakameM varNAdimAn pudgala hI naTarUpase AcaraNa karatA hai / yaha jIva to zuddha caitanyarUpa dhAtumaya hai / amRtacandrAcAryane apanI tInoM TIkAoM se pravacanasAra kI TIkAmeM kevala cAra gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiM / paJcAstikAyakI' TIkAmeM bhI cAra gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiM aura samayasArakI TIkAmeM tIna gAthAeM uddhRta kI hai| ye tInoM gAthAe~ jayasenAcAryane bhI apanI TIkAmeM uddhRta kI hai| inameMse inhoMne do gAthAe~ 'uktaJca vyavahArasUtre' likhakara uddhRta kI haiM jo isa prakAra haiM apaDikamaNaM aparisaraNaM appaDihAro AdharaNA ceva / aNiyattI ya aNidA agaruhA'sohIya visakuMbhau // 1 // paDikamaNaM paDisaraNaM parihAro dhAraNA NiyattI ya / jiMdA garuhA sohI aTTaviho amayakuMbho du // 2 // ye donoM gAthAeM unhoMne kundakundAcAryakI AgekI gAthAoMkI utthAnikAke rUpameM zaGkAke sAtha upasthita kI hai| zaGkAkAra kahatA hai ki pratikramaNa Adike vinA aparAdha-vizuddhi nahIM hotii| ataH pratikramaNAdikA na karanA viSakumbha hai aura karanA amRtakumbha hai| isIke samarthanameM ve do gAthAeM amRtacandrane uddhata kI hai jo unake kathanAnusAra vyavahArasUtrakI haiN| zvetAmbara sampradAyameM vyavahArasUtra nAmakA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai kintu usameM hameM ye gAthAe~ nahIM milii| jayasenane inheM 'tathAcoktaM cirantanaprAyaHzcittagranthe' karake uddha ta kiyA hai, jo batalAtA hai ki vyavahArasUtra prAcIna prAyazcittagrantha thaa| Age kundakundane ukta uddhRta gAthAoMke ThIka viparIta kathana kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki pratikramaNa Adi karanA viSakumbha aura na karanA amRta kumbha hai, usakA khulAsA amRtacandrane AtmakhyAtimeM kiyA hai / kundakundakI gAthAeM isa prakAra haiM1. 'raMgasya darzayitvA nivartate nartakI yathA nRtyAt / puruSasya tathAtmAnaM prakAzya vinivartate prakRtiH ||59||-saaN0 kA0 / 2. 'asminnanAdini mahatyavivekanATye varNAdimAn naTati pudgala eva nAnyaH / rAgAdipudgalavikAraviruddhazuddhacaitanyadhAtumayamUrtirayaM ca jIvaH // 44 // sa0 prA0 gA0 68 / 3. prava0 sA0 TI0, pR0 227-228, 372 / 4. paJcA0 TI0, pR0 212 tathA 250-251 / 12

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178 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa paDikamaNaM paDisaraNaM pariharaNaM dhAraNA NiyattI ya / jiMdA garuhA sohi ya aTTaviho hodi visakuMbho // apaDikkamaNaM appaDisaraNaM appaDihAro adhAraNA ceva / aNiyattI ya aNidA agarahA visohi ya amayakuMbho / / ye donoM gAthAe~ Upara uddha ta gAthAoMko lakSyameM rakhakara racI gaI haiM, yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai / amRtacandra isa bAtase abhijJa the| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki amRtacandrAcAryako samayasAra Adi granthoMkA kitanA sAdhAra parijJAna thaa| samaya-yaha hama Upara likha Aye haiM ki amRtacandrane apane viSayameM kucha bhI nahIM likhA aura na anyatrase unake sambandhameM koI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / ataH unakI TIkAoMmeM uddhRta padyoMke dvArA tathA anya granthoMmeM pAye jAnevAle unake padya Adike AdhArapara kaI vidvAnoMne unakA samaya nirNIta karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| 1. vikrama sambat 1300 meM racakara pUrNa huI anagAradharmAmRtako TIkAmeM paM0 AzAdharane Thakkura amRtacandraviracita samayasAra TIkAkA ullekha kiyA hai| tathA unake puruSArtha si0 se eka padya bhI uddha ta kiyA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki amRtacandra AzAdharase pahale hue haiM / 2. zrIyuta pramajIne likhA hai ki zubhacandrane jJAnArNava (pR0 177) meM amRtacandrake puruSArtha siddhayupAyakA 'mithyAtva vedarAga' Adi padya uktaJca' rUpase uddhata kiyA hai / isaliye amRtacandra zubhacandra me bhI pahale ke haiN| aura padmaprabha maladhAridevane niyamasAra TIkAmeM (pR0 72) zubhacandra ke jJAnArNavakA eka zloka (42, 4) ucata kiyA hai / isalie zubhacandra padmaprabhase pahaleke haiM / premIjIne padmaprabhakA samaya vikrama kI bArahavIM sadI kA anta aura terahavIM sadI kA prArambha batalAyA hai / tathA zubhacandrake jJAnArNavakA racanA kAla vikramakI gyArahavIM-bArahavIM zatAbdI anumAna kiyA hai / ataH amRtacandra usase pahale hue haiM yaha nizcita hai| 1. prava0 sA0 kI prastA0 (DaoN0 upAdhye) pR0 100-101 / anekAnta, varSa 8, ki0 4-5, pR0 173-175 / tayA jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 309-313 / 2. 'etacca vistareNa ThakkurAmRtacandraviracitasamayasAraTIkAyA~ dRSTavyam: ana0 50 TI0, pR0 588 / 3. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 310 / 4. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 406 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 179 3. paM0 paramAnandajIne' prakaTa kiyA hai ki AcArya jayasenake dharmaratnAkarameM AcArya amRtacandrake puruSArtha siddhayupAyake bahuta se padya uddhRta haiM / aura ailaka pannAlAla di0 jaina sarasvatI bhavana vyAvarake zAstra bhaNDAra kI eka pratimeM usakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1055 diyA hai / ataH amRtacandra vi0 saM0 1055 se pahale ho gaye haiM / amRtacandrasUrine pravacanasArakI TIkAmeM cAra gAthAeM uddhRta kI haiM / 'NiddhA giddheNa' aura 'Niddhassa NiddheNa' ye do gAthAeM ( gA0 2 / 74 kI) TIkAmeM kramase eka sAtha uddhRta haiM / aura 'jAvadiyA vayaNavahA' Adi tathA 'parasamayANaM vayaNaM' Adi do gAthAe~ ' taduktam' karake kramase eka sAtha TIkAke anta meM ( pR0 372 ) uddhRta haiM / pahalekI donoM gAthAeM gomaTTasAra jIvakANDameM kramase 612 tathA 614 nambarakI gAthAe~ haiM / aura dUsarI do gAthAe~ karmakANDa gomaTTasArakI kramase 894 aura 895 nambara kI gAthAe~ haiM / dUsarI do gAthAoMke sambandhameM DA0 ra upAdhyene likhA hai ki cUMki go0 karmakANDameM ve donoM gAthAe~ usI kramase pAI jAtI haiM aura unakI zAbdika samAnatA bhI hai ataH ina donoM bAtoMko dekhakara yaha sujhAva dene kA lobha hotA hai ki amRtacandrane unheM gomaTTasArase liyA hogA / kintu gomasAra eka saMgraha grantha hai / aura isalie ina gAthAoMke dhavalA aura jaya dhavalAmeM pAye jAne kI saMbhAvanA hai / ina donoM meM se pahalI 'jAvadiyA vayaNavahA' Adi gAthA siddhasenake sanmatitarka ( 3. 47 ) meM bhI pAI jAtI hai / kintu DA~0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki yadyapi amRtacandra siddhasena ke sanmatitarkase paricita the kintu nIce likhe kAraNoMse unhoMne yaha gAthA usase uddhRta nahIM kI hai| prathama to, siddhasenakI gAthAkA rUpa mahArASTrI hai jabaki amRtacandrake dvArA uddhRtarUpa saurasenI hai / dUsare amRtacandra ne donoM gAthAoMko eka sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai jabaki siddhasenake grathameM unameM se eka hI pAI jAtI hai / ataH DaoN0 upAdhyene amRtacandra kA samaya IsAkI dasavIM zatAbdIke lagabhaga mAnA hai / paM0 paramAnandajIne apane lekhameM DaoN0 upAdhyeke ukta mata kI AlocanA bhI kI hai jo ucita hI hai kyoMki jaba vi0 saM0 1055 meM bane hue grantha meM AcArya amRtacandra ke padya uddhRta haiM to amRtacandra vikramakI 11vIM sadIke pUrvArdha meM raca gaye gomaTTasArase padya kaise uddhRta kara sakate haiM / kintu pravacanasArakI prastAvanA likhate samaya DaoN0 upAdhyeke sAmane dharmaratnAkara vAlI bAta nahIM thI / tathA amRtacandrake dvArA pravacanasArako TIkAmeM uddhRta ukta cAra gAthAoMmeMse 1. anekAnta, varSa 8, pR0 173 175 tathA 200 - 203 / 2. prava0 sA0, kI prastA0, pR0 100 - 101 /

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180 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa prathama do gAthAe~ SaTkhaNDAgama se uddhRta kI gaI haiM yaha bhI ThIka hai| kintu dUsarI do gAthAoMmeM se yadyapi prathama gAthA siddhasenake sanmatitarka kI hai kintu usake sAthavAlI dUsarI gAthA gomaTTasAra karmakANDake sivAya anyatra nahIM miltii| phira bhI dharmaratnAkara meM amRta candrake padyoMko uddhRta dekhakara yahI mAnaneke lie vivaza honA par3atA hai ki gomaTTasArameM bhI vaha gAthA kahIMse saMgRhIta kI gaI hogii| athavA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki gomaTTasArameM ukta dUsarI donoM gAthAeM amRtacandrakI pravacanasAra TIkAse hI lI gaI hoM kyoMki vaha eka saMgraha grantha hai| aura jaba usakI racanA amRtacandra ke pazcAt huI hai to aisA honA asaMbhava nahIM hai| 4. AcArya amitagatine apanA zrAvakAcAra bhI dharmaratnAkara ke samaya ke lagabhaga racA hai / ataH hamane yaha jAnaneke lie ki amRtacandra ke puruSArthasiddhayupAyakA usapara kucha prabhAva hai yA nahIM, usakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA to hama isa pariNAmapara pahu~ce ki amitagatine puruSArthasiddhayupAya dekhA hai| nIce hama apane matake samarthanameM kucha pramANa upasthita kara denA ucita samajhate haiM AcArya amitagatine apane zrAvakAcArake pAMcave adhyAyase zrAvakoM ke vratoM kA kathana prArambha kiyA hai| unhoMne pAMca udumbara aura tIna makAra ke sAtha rAtri bhojanako bhI tyAjya batalAyA hai| amRtacandrAcAryane pA~ca udumbara aura tIna makArako tyAjya batalAkara pA~ca aNubratoMke pazcAt ahiMsANuvrata kI puSTike rUpa meM rAtribhojanake tyAgapara jora diyA hai / aura somadevane bhI apane upAsakAcArameM ahiMsANuvratake kathanameM kevala eka zlokake dvArA ahiMsA vratakI rakSAke liye aura mUlavratoMkI vizuddhike liye rAtri bhojana kA tyAga Avazyaka batalAyA hai aura ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcArameM to rAtri bhojana tyAga pratimAoMmeM sammalita hai| isa taraha rAtri bhojana tyAga ko diye jAne vAle uttarottara mahattvakI dRSTise sabase prathama ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra kA namvara AtA hai / usake pazcAt puruSArthasiddhayupAya kA nambara AtA hai| aura usake pazcAt somadevake upAsakAcArakA nambara AtA hai| aura pazcAt amitagatike zrAvakAcAra kA nambara AtA hai / ataH puruSArthasi0 na kevala amitagatike zrAvakAcArase kintu somadevake upAsakAcArase bhI pUrvakA honA cAhiye / 1, 'madyamAMsa-madhu-rAtribhojanaM kSIravRkSaphalavarjanaM tridhA / kurvate vratajighRkSayA budhAstatra puSyati niSevite bratam / / 1 / / -ami0, zrA0, a0 5 / 2. 'ahiMsAvatarakSArtha mUlavratavizuddhaye / nizAyA~ varjayed bhuktimihAmutra ca duHkhadAm // ' -soma0, u0, zloka 325 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 181 amRtacandrAcAryane apanA puruSArtha * mukhyarUpase tattvArthasUtra aura usakI savArthasiddhi TIkA tathA tattvArthavArtika TIkAko AdhAra banAkara likhA hai / ina donoM TIkAoM' meM rAtri bhojana tyAgake chaThe aNuvrata honekI zaMkA kI hai / aura donoMmeM hI usakA antarbhAva ahiMsAvrata kI bhAvanAoM meM kiyA hai / usIko Alambana banAkara amRtacandrAcAryane pA~coM aNubratoMke pazcAt rAtribhojana tyAga vrata kA kathana kiyA hai / aura akalaMkadevane usake samarthanameM jo yukti dI hai usI ko pallavita kiyA hai / bahutase jIvoMkI utpatti batalAI kiyA hai / tathA amRtacandra kI hI hai, jo anya zrAvakAcAroMmeM nahI 2. pu0 si0 ( zlo0 63 ) meM madya meM hai vahI kathana amitagati ne bhI usI rUpameM taraha madyake lie saraka zabdakA prayoga kiyA pAyA jAtA / 3. pu0 si0 ( zloka 65 ) meM prANighAta ke binA mA~sa kI utpatti nahIM batalAI / amitagatine bhI ( 5 / 14 ) vaisA hI kathana kiyA hai / 4. pu0 si0 ( zlo0 74 ) meM AThoMko tyAga karanepara jinadharma dezanAkA pAtra hotA hai aisA kahA hai / amitagatine bhI (5 / 73) vaisAhI kathana kiyA hai / 5. pu0 si0 zlo0 83 ) meM jIvoMko ghAta karane vAle prANiyoMko mArane kA niSedha kiyA hai / amitagatine bhI ( 6 / 33) vaisAhI kathana kiyA hai / 6. pu0 si0 zlo0 (86) meM sukhI jIvoMko mArane kA niSedha kiyA hai / amita gatine bhI (6 / 40) vaisA hI kathana kiyA hai / 7. pu0 si0 meM ( zlo0 92-98 ) asatyake cAra bheda kiye haiM aura unakA svarUpa kahA hai / amitagatine bhI 6 / 49-55 rUpAntara karate hue cAra bhedoM kA Start kiyA hai / tathA caturtha bhedake pu0 si0 meM jo garhita sAvadya aura apriya tIna bheda kiye haiM; vahI bheda amitagatine bhI kiye haiM / 8. akalaMkadeva ne apane tattvArthavAtika ( 7/9 ) meM nIce likhA zloka uddhRta kiyA hai ' yadetat draviNaM nAma prANA hya ete vahizcarA. / ya tasya harate prANAn yo yasya harate dhanam // amRtacandra ne ise AryAchandakA rUpa diyA hai-- arthAnAma ya ete prANA ete bahizcarAH pusAm / harati sa tasya prANAn yo yasya jano haratyarthAn // 103 // 1. nanu ca SaSThamaNuvratamasti rAtribhojanaviramaNaM tadihopasaMkhyAtavyam / na, bhAva nAsvantarbhAvAt -- sarvA0, si0, tattvA0 vA0 7 1 / "

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182 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa amitagati ne ukta AryAko parivartita karake yaha rUpa diyA hai yo yasya harati vittaM sa tasya jIvasya jIvitaM harati / AzvAsakAraM bAhya jIvAnAM jIvitaM vittaM // 61 // vratoMke aticAroMkA kathana karanevAle pu0 si0 ke padyoMko hI amitagati ne parivartita karake likhA hai / yaha donoMkI tulanAse spaSTa ho jAtA hai| nIce do eka udAharaNa denA anucita na hogaa| pratirUpavyavahAraH stenaniyogastadAhRtAdAnam / rAjaviroSAtikrama hInAdhikamAnakaraNe ca / / 185 // pu0 si0 vyavahArakRtrimakaH stenaniyogastadAhRtAdAnam / te mAnavaparItyaM virUddharAjyavyatikramaNam // 5 // -ami0 zrA0, a0, 7 / kandarpaH kautkucyaM bhogAnarthakyamapi ca maukhayaM / asamIkSitAdhikaraNaM tRtIyazIlasya paJceti // 19 // pu0 si0 / asamIkSitakAritvaM prAhu gopabhoganararthyam / kandapaM kautkucyaM maukharyamanarthadaNDasya // 10 // ami0 zrA0 7 / X 9 pu0 si0 (zlo0 196) meM kahA hai ki jo ina aticAroM ko chor3akara vratAdi AcaraNa karate haiM ve puruSArthasiddhiko prApta karate haiN| amitagatine (717)meM bhI likhA hai ki jo ina sattara aticAroMkA parihAra karate haiM ve bhuvanake uttamanAtha hote haiN| ___ isa tulanAse spaSTa hai ki amRtacandra amitagatise pahale ho gaye haiM / amRtacandra aura devasena DaoN0 upAdhye ne likhA ki amRtacandra devasenAcArya (vi0 saM0 990) kI AlApapaddhatise paricita the| cUMki DaoN0 upAdhye ne amRtacandrakA samaya IsAkI dasavIM zatAbdIkI samAptike lagabhaga mAnA hai ataH unakA vaisA likhanA anucita nahIM hai / kintu jaba IsAkI dasavIM zatAbdIke antameM hue granthakAroMke dvArA amRtacandrake puruSArthasiddhayupAyase uddharaNa liye jAne tathA usakA anusaraNa kiye jAnekI bAta nissandeha hai taba yaha bhI nissandeha hai ki amRtacandra usase pUrvameM hue haiM aura aisI sthitimeM devasenakI AlApapaddhatise unakA paricita honA bhI vicAraNIya ho jAtA hai| jahA~ taka hamane adhyayana kiyA hai hameM amRtacandra AlApapaddhatise paricita nahIM jAna par3e / balki devasena hI amRtacandrakI TIkAoMse paricita jAna par3e haiN|

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 183 1. amRtacandrAcAryakI TIkAoMmeM hameM kundakundAcAryakI taraha hI yA to dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika nayakA ullekha milatA hai yA nizcayanaya athavA zuddhanaya aura vyavahAranaya athavA azuddhanaya kA ullekha milatA hai| unhoMne na to nizcayanayake zuddha aura azuddha bhedoMkA kahIM ullekha kiyA hai aura na vyavahAranaya ke sadbhUta asadbhUta Adi bhedoMkA hI nirdeza kiyA hai / jayasenAcAryakI TIkAoMmeM ina bheda-prabhedoMkA ullekha milatA hai / jayasena to nizcayarUpase AlApapaddhatikArake pazcAt hue haiN| kintu amRtacandra ke viSayameM aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| amRtacandra AlApapaddhatise pahale ho gaye haiM, kyoMki devasenakI AlApapaddhatimeM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranayake bheda-prabhedoMkA jo kathana hai, vaha hameM amRtacandrAcArya ke dvArA samayasArakI TIkAmeM pratipAdita tattvavyavasthAke AdhArapara racA gayA pratIta hotA hai| usase pahaleke kisI granthameM una bheda-prabhedoMkA kathana nahIM milatA / jinameM milatA hai ve saba grantha AlApapaddhati ke pazcAt ke haiN| amRtacandra aura pAhur3adohA kintu amRta candrane paJcAstikAya (gA0 146) kI TIkAmeM nIce likhI gAthA uddhRta kI hai 'aMto Natthi suINaM kAlo thovo vayaM ca dummehA / taNNavari sikkhiyavvaM jaM jaramaraNaM khaI kuNai / ' yaha gAthA pAhur3adohA meM 98veM nambara para sthita hai| anya kisI granthameM nahIM pAI jAtI / ataH yahI kahanA par3atA hai ki gAthA amRtacandrane pAhur3adohA se lI hai| pro0 hIrAlAlajI ne pAhur3adohA kI prastAvanA meM usakA racanAkAla san 1000 I0 ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA hai kyoMki unhoMne sAvayadhamma dohAko devasena kI racanA mAnA hai aura devasenane vi0 saM0 990 meM yA I0 933 meM apanA darzanasAra racA thA / sAvayadhamma dohAke dohA namvara 30 aura 129 tathA pAhur3a dohA ke dohA nambara 215 aura 43 samAna haiN| prophesara sAhabane yaha bhI siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai ve donoM dohA pAhur3adohAmeM sAvayadhammadohAse liye gaye haiM / ataH unhoMne pAhur3a dohAkA ukta racanAkAla sthita kiyA hai / kintu sAvayadhamma dohAkA kartRtva vivAdagrasta rahA hai, isIse pro0 hIrAlAlajIne na to 'sAvayadhamma dohA' para usake racayitAkA nAma diyA aura na 'ka' pratimeM pAye jAnevAle usa antima padyako hI mUlameM sthAna diyA, jisameM 'devasenai uvadiTTa' pada AtA hai jisake AdhArapara unhoMne sAvayadhamma dohAko devasena racita mAnA hai| paramA0 prakA0 kI prastAvanAmeM DA0 e0 ena0

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184 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa upAdhyene unake isa matako mAnya nahIM kiyA hai aura lakSmIcandako sAvayadhamma dohAkA racayitA mAnA hai tathA unheM zrutasAgara aura brahmanemidatta (1528 I0) se adhika prAcIna batalAyA hai / ___ sAvayadhamma dohAmeM varNita zrAvakAcArake tulanAtmaka parIkSaNa se hamArA bhI yahI mata hai ki sAvayadhamma dohA pAhur3a dohAse arvAcIna honA cAhiye / pAhur3a dohAkA ullekha jayasenane pravacanasArakI TIkAmeM 'dohakasUtra' nAmase kiyA hai aura eka dohA uddhRta kiyA hai / kintu sAvayadhamma dohAkA ullekha AzAdhara takane nahIM kiyA, jabaki unhoMne dharmAmRtakI TIkAmeM apane pUrvavartI anekoM zrAvakAcAra viSayaka granthoMkA ullekha kiyA hai tathA unase uddharaNa lie haiM / ataH sAvayadhamma dohA AzAdharake sAmane upasthita nahIM thA aisA pratIta hotA hai| ataH AzAdharake pazcAt aura zrutasAgarase pUrva usakI racanA huI ho yaha saMbhava hai| isaliye devasena racita honeke AdhArapara dohA pAhur3ako usake pazcAtkI racanA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| _ DaoN0 upAdhyene use joindu aura hemacandrake madhyakI racanA mAnA hai| aba cU~ ki amRtacandrane usase eka gAthA uddhRta kI hai ataH pAhur3a dohA joindu aura amRtacandrake madhyameM kisI samaya racA gayA honA caahie| aura amRtacandra amita gatise pahale ho gaye haiM yaha hama Upara batalA hI Aye haiM / tathA devasenakI AlApapaddhatise bhI yaha paricita nahIM the yaha hama likha Aye haiN| amRtacandra aura tattvAnuzAsana __ isa sambandhameM eka bAta aura bhI ullekhanIya hai / devasenane apanI AlApa paddhatimeM kucha zloka aura gAthAe~ bhI dI haiM / unameMse eka gAthA to kunda-kundake granthoMmeM pAI jAtI hai| zeSa padya bhI sambhava hai-anya granthoMse uddhRta kiye gaye hoN| unameMse eka zloka isa prakAra hai 'anAdyanidhane dravye svaparyAyAH pratikSaNam / unmajjanti nimajjanti jalakallolavajjale // 1 // '. yaha zloka rAmasena racita tattvAnuzAsanakA 112vA~ zloka hai| tattvAnuzAsana granthakA ullekha jayasenAcAryane paJcAstikAyakI TIkAmeM (pR0 212 taka 253) kaI bAra kiyA hai / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki tattvAnuzAsana jayasenAcArya (IsAkI 12vIM zatAbdIkA uttarArSa) se pahalekA hai / aba yadi ukta zloka devasenane tattvAnuzAsana se liyA hai to tattvAnuzAsana devasenase pahale kA ThaharatA hai| isameM mukhya rUpase dhyAnakA varNana hai aura isIse jayasenAcAryane ise dhyAna grantha kahA hai / yaha eka uccakoTi kA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isakI racanAkA mukhya AdhAra

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 185 kunda-kundake grantha, unapara amRtacandrakI TIkA tathA akalaMkadevakA tattvArthavArtika Adi jJAta hote haiN| jJAnArNavake sAtha tulanA karanese ekakA dUsarepara koI prabhAva jJAta nahIM hotaa| ratnakaraMDazrAvakAcArakA 'sadRSTi jJAna vRttAni dharma dharmezvarA viduH' yaha pada isake 51veM zlokakA pUrvArdha hai| yoM to pUrA grantha saMskRtake anuSTup zlokoMmeM hai kintu bIcameM kahIM-kahIM AryAvRtta bhI pAye jAte haiM / eka AryA isa prakAra hai sa ca mukti heturiddho dhyAne yasmAdavApyate dvividho'pi / tasmAdabhyasantu dhyAnaM sudhiyaH sadApyapAsyAlasyaM // 33 // dravya saMgrahakI noce likhI gAthA bilkula isakA rUpAntara jaisI hai durviha pi mokkha heuM jhANe pAudi jaM muNI NiyamA / tamhA payattacittA yUyaM jhANaM samanmasaha // 47 // ataH yadi ukta zloka tattvAnuzAsanase AlApapAtameM liyA gayA hai taba to amRtacandra aura devasenake bIcameM kAphI kAlakA antarAla honA saMbhava hai| kintu yadi aisA nahIM hai to bhI yaha nizcita hai ki amRtacandra devasenase pUrvavartI haiN| ataH amRtacandrakI uttarakAlAvadhi vi0 saM0 950 ke lagabhaga samajhanA caahie| aura pUrvAvadhi akalaMkadevake pazcAt samajhanA cAhie kyoMki tattvArthasArakI racanAmeM amRtacandrane akalaMkadevake tattvArthavAtikakA vizeSa upayoga kiyA hai| aura usakI vArtikoM ko hI zlokoMkA rUpa de DAlA hai / yathA nimittAntarAnapekSaM saMjJA karma nAma // 1 // soyamityabhisambandhatvena anyasya vyavasthApanAmAtra sthApanA // 2 // anAgatapariNAmavizeSa prati gRhItAbhimukhyaM dravyaM // 3 // ta0 vA0 / yA nimittAntaraM kiJcidanapekSya vidhIyate / dravyasya kasyacit saMjJA tannAma parikIrtitam // 10 // so'yamityakSakASThAdeH sambandhenAnyavastuni / yad vyavasthApanAmAtraM sthApanA sAbhidhIyate // 11 // bhAvinaH pariNAmasya yatprApti prati kasyacit / syAd gRhItAbhimukhyaM hi tadvyaM bruvate jinAH // 12 // ta0 sA0 / isa tarahake udAharaNoMkI bahutAyata hai / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki amRtacandra akalaMkadevake pazcAt hue haiN| akalaMkadevake samayakI uttarAvadhi vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt nahIM jA sktii| ataH vikramakI nauvI aura dasavIM zatAbdIke antarAlameM amRtacandrakA honA sunizcita hai| bahutakucha saMbhava to

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186 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa yahI pratIta hotA hai ki ve dasavIM zatAbdI meM hue haiN| kyoMki tattvArthasArake do nayoMke lakSaNavAle zloka vidyAnandikI tattvArtha zlokavArtikase milate haiM / tatra saMkalpamAtrasya grAhako naigamo nayaH / 1 X x X tathA prasthAdi saMkalpaH tadabhiprAya iSyate // 19 // ta0 zlo0, (pR. 269 ) X X X arthasaMkalpamAtrasya grAhako naigamo nayaH / prasthodanAdijastasya viSayaH parikIrtitaH / / 44 / / ta0 sA0 2 saMgraheNa gRhItAnAmarthAnAM vidhipUrvakaH / yovahAro vibhAgaH syAd vyavahAro nayaH smRtaH // 58 // ta0 zlo0 4. 271 / X saMgraheNa gRhItAnAmarthAnAM vidhipUrvakaH / vyavahAro bhaved yasmAd vyavahAranayastu saH / / 46 / / ta0 sA0 / devasena kA tattvasAra i muninAtha devasenake prAkRta gAthAoMmeM racita tattvasAra nAmakA eka choTA sA sundara grantha hai / isameM kevala 74 gAthAe~ haiM / X X yaha tattvasAra kundakundake samayasAra Adise prabhAvita hokara racA gayA pratIta hotA hai / isameM tattva ke do bheda kiye haiM eka svagata aura eka paragata / apanI AtmA svagata tattva hai aura paMca parameSThI paragata tattva haiM / svagata tattvake bhI do bheda haiM-- eka savikalpa aura eka avikalpa / savikalpa tattva sAsrava hotA hai aura avikalpa tattva nirAsrava hotA hai / 3-5 / inameM se jo avikalpa tattva hai vahI mokSakA kAraNa honese sArabhUta hai / ataH nirgrantha hokara usIkA dhyAna karanekI praraNA kI gaI hai || 9 || zaMkA aura AkAMkSAke vazIbhUta kucha mArga bhraSTa viSayAsakta manuSya kahate haiM ki yaha kAla dhyAnake yogya nahIM hai / kintu Aja bhI ratnatrayake dhArI AtmA dhyAnake dvArA svarga meM jAte haiM aura svargase cyuta honepara manuSya janma pAkara mokSa prApta karate haiM // / 14 - 15 / / ye donoM gAthAe~ kundakundake mokkhapAhuDakA anukaraNa mAtra haiM / yathA cariyAvariyA vada samidi vajjayA suddha bhAvapanbhaTThA / keI jaMpaMti NarA Na hu kAlo jhANajoyassa // 73 // 1. mA0 jai0 pra0 bambaIse tattvAnuzAsanAdisaMgrahake antargata prakAzita huA hai /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 187 ajjavi tirayaNasuddhA appA jhAevi lahahi iMdattaM / loyaMtiyadevattaM tattha cuA Nivvadi jati ||77||-mo0 pA0 kAkaMAgahiyA visayapasatthA sumaggapabbhaTThA / evaM bhaNati keI Na hu kAlo hor3a kAlassa ( jhANassa ) || 14 || ajjavi tirayaNavaMtA appA jhAUNa jaMti suraloyaM / tatttha cuA maNuyatte uppajjiya lahahi NivvANaM / / 15 / / ta0 sA0 / jisa taraha se kundakundAcAryane AtmAkA varNana niSedharUpameM kiyA hai ki AtmAke mArgaNA sthAna nahIM, guNasthAna nahIM, varNAdi nahIM (sa0 prA0 gA0 5055) vaise hI tattvasAra meM bhI saMkSepase AtmAkA kathana kiyA gayA hai ( gA0 19-21) / tathA AtmA aura karmakA sambandha dUdha aura pAnIkI taraha batalAkara ( gA0 23) dhyAnake dvArA una donoMko bhinna karanekA upadeza diyA hai / tathA vyavahAranaya aura nizcayanayake dvArA vastukA svarUpa batalAkara likhA hai ki jo donoM nayoM ke dvArA vastu svabhAvako jAnatA hai usakA mana rAgadveSa aura moha se caMcala nahIM hotA / / ( gA0 39) / Age kahA hai ki jo AtmA hai vahI jJAna hai, vahI darzana hai aura vahI cAritra hai / tathA nizcayanayase vaha saba zuddha caitanyamaya hai ( gA0 57) / usIkA dhyAna karanese mohakA nAza hotA hai / aura jaise rAjAke mara jAnepara senA svayaM hI naSTa bhraSTa ho jAtI hai vaise hI mohanIya karmake naSTa hone para samasta ghAtiyA karma naSTa ho jAte haiM ( gA0 65) ghAtikarmoMke naSTa ho jAnepara kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai / usake pazcAt samasta karmoMko kSayakarake jIva siddha ho jAtA hai aura lokake agrabhAgameM nivAsa karatA hai ( gA0 66-67 ) / isa taraha kundakundAcArya kI hI zailImeM isa tattvasArakI racanA kI gaI hai / racanA kAla -- isake racayitA muninAtha devasena haiM / yaha vahI devasena haiM jinhoMne vikrama saMvat 990 meM dhArA nagarIke pArzvanAtha caityAlayameM darzanasArakI racanA kI thI / ArAdhanAsAra tathA nayacakra bhI inhIMke banAye hue haiM / darzanasAra ( gA0 43 ) meM inhoMne likhA hai 'yadi padmanandinAtha ( kundakundAcArya) sImandhara svAmIse prApta divyajJAnake dvArA vizeSa vodha na dete to zramaNa sanmArgako kaise jAnate ?' isase kundakunda svAmImeM unakI gaharI AsthA prakaTa hotI hai / kintu amRtacandAcArya kA unapara koI prabhAva parilakSita nahIM hotA / jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki amRtacandrake sAhityase vaha paricita nahIM the / aura isakA kAraNa yahI pratIta

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188 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa hotA hai ki cUMki amRtacandra unake samayake lagabhaga hI hue the isa liye unake sAmane unakA sAhitya nahIM A sakA thA / svarUpa sambodhana paMcaviMzati svarUpa sambodhana nAmakA eka choTA sA prakaraNa grantha hai jo saMskRtake 25 anuSTupa zlokoMmeM racA gayA hai| isake antima padyameM 'svarUpa sambodhana paJcaviMzati' pada AtA hai| jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki isakA nAma svarUpa sambodhana hai aura cU~ ki isakI zloka saMkhyA 25 hai ataH usake antameM paJcaviMzati pada jor3a diyA gayA hai jaise 'padmanandi paJcaviMzatikA' / __jaisA ki isake nAmase prakaTa hotA hai isameM adhyAtma zailImeM AtmasvarUpakA saMbodha karAyA gayA hai| isakI zailI amRtacandrAcArya racita samayasAra kalazake padyoM se milatI hai / isakA prathama maMgala zloka hai muktAmuktakarUpo yaH karmabhiH saMvidAdinA / akSayaM paramAtmAnaM jJAnamUrti namAmi tam // 1 // yaha zloka kAzIstha bhAratIya jainasiddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthAse prakAzita samayaprAbhRtameM amRtacandrakI TIkAke antameM chapA huA hai| kintu samayasAra kalazake saMgRhIta padyoMmeM nahIM pAyA jaataa| yaha maMgala zloka amRtacandrakI racanAse bilkula mela khAtA hai / anya bhI zlokoMkI prAyaH yahI zailI hai| kintu isa granthake racayitAke sambandhameM matabheda pAyA jAtA hai| sva0 DaoN0 vidyAbhUSaNane' akalaMka racita granthoMmeM isakA nirdeza kiyA hai| laghIyastrayAdi saMgrahameM isakA prakAzana bhaTTAkalaMkake nAmase huA hai| mUDavidrIke jainamaThameM isa granthakI tADapatrIya aneka pratiyAM haiN| una sabameM isake kartAkA nAma AcArya akalaMkadeva likhA huA hai| saptabhaMgI taraMgiNI (pR0 79)meM isakA tIsarA zloka 'taduktaM' akalaMkadevaiH' karake uddhRta hai| isa taraha isake akalaMkadeva kRta honeke pramANa upalabdha hai| kintu DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene apane eka lekhameM prakaTa kiyA thA ki kolhApurake lakSmIsena maThameM svarUpa sambodhanakI eka kanar3I TIkA maujUda hai usameM nayasenake ziSya mahAsenako usakA kartA batalAyA hai| tathA niyamasArakI saMskRtaTIkAmeM 1. hi0 mi0 iM0 lA0, pR0 26 / 2. ka0 tA0 ja0 pra0 sU0, pR0 31 / 3. bhAM0 ii0p0|

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 189 usake racayitA padmaprabha maladhArI devane 'uktaMJca SaNNavati pASaMDi vijayopArjita vizAlakItibhirmahAsenapaNDitadevaH' tathA 'tathA coktaM zrI mahAsena paNDita devaH' likhakara svarUpa sambodhanakA 12vA tathA cauthA zloka udRta kiyA hai| kintu isa sambandhameM vizeSa ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki maDavidrIke jainamaThameM jo isakI aneka pratiyA~ haiM unameMse aneka pratiyoMmeM saMskRta tathA kannar3aTIkA bhI hai / kannar3a grantha sUcImeM svarUpa sambodhana paJcaviMzatikI pratiyoMke nIce jo noTa diye gaye haiM unase yaha bAta prakaTa hotI hai / pR0 31 para grantha naM. 26 ke nIce likhA hai-kannar3a TIkAkAra nayasenake ziSya mahAsena tathA zrotA siddhAnta cakravartI vAsupUjya siddhAntadevake ziSya padmarasa hai / grantha naM0 101 ke nIce likhA hai-vRttikAra paM0 nayasenake ziSya padmasena hai / grantha naM0 162 ke nIce likhA hai-isameM paNDita mahAsenakRta kannar3avRtti hai / yaha vRtti sUrastagaNIya vAsupUjya siddhAntacakravartIke ziSya padmarasake vAste paNDita mahAsena dvArA racI gii| pR0 32 para grantha naM0 316 ke nIce likhA hai-'isameM nayasenake ziSya mahAsenakRta saMskRta TIkA tathA siddhAnta muni vAsupUjyake ziSya padma rasakRta kannaDa TIkA hai| grantha naM0 514 ke nIce likhA hai-isameM padmarasakRta kannaDa TIkA aura sAtha hI sAtha saMskRta TIkA bhI hai| grantha naM0 529 ke nIce likhA hai| isameM kezavavaryakRta kannar3a TIkA hai| grantha naM0 552 ke nIce eka saMskRta TIkAkA prArambhika padya bhI diyA hai jo isaprakAra hai svarUpasambodhanAkhyagranthasyAnamya tanmunim / racitasyAkalaGkena vRtti vakSye jinaM namim // yaha saMskRta TIkA kisakI racI huI hai yaha usameM nahIM likhA / grantha naM0 316 meM jo saMskRta TIkA hai usakA racayitA nayasenake ziSya mahAsenako batalAyA hai| yadi ukta zloka usI TIkA hai to kahanA hogA ki TIkAkAra mahAsena bhI, jinheM mUlagranthakA kartA mAna liyA gayA hai, akalaMkadevako hI svarUpa sambodhanakA kartA mAnate the| aura mahAsena mUlagranthake kartA nahIM the balki usake TIkAkAra ye| yadi svarUpa sambodhana akalaMkadevakI hI kRti hai, jisakI ukta ullekhoMse adhika saMbhAvanA pratIta hotI hai aura ve akalaMka prasiddha akalaMka hI hai to svarUpa sambodhana vikramakI 7vI 8vIM zatAbdIkI racanA ThaharatA hai| aura usa sthitimeM amRtacandrake dvArA usakI zailIkA anukaraNa kiyA jAnA sarvathA saMbhava hai| zAyada TIkAkAra mahAsenako mUlakAra samajhakara to padmaprabhadevane niyamasArakI TIkAmeM svarUpa sambodhanake padyoMko unake nAmameM uddhRta nahIM kara diyaa| kintu mahAsenake sAtha lagAye gaye vizeSaNoMse jJAta hotA hai ki padmaprabha mahAsenase

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190 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa paricita the| kintu upalabdha mahAsenoMmeMse koI nayasenakA ziSya nahIM hai / premIjIne padmaprabhakA samaya vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdI nizcita kiyA hai, ataH usase pahale svarUpa sambodhana bana cukA thaa| padyanandikRta nizcayapaJcAzat __amRtacandra sUrine kunda-kundake samayasArapara AtmakhyAtiko racakara adhyAtmakI jo gaMgA pravAhita kI, usane unake pazcAt honevAle aneka jina granthakAroMko adhyAtmakI ora AkRSTa kiyA, unameM eka AcArya padmanaMdi bhI the| padmanandi paJcaviMzatikAke nAmase unakA eka upadeza pradhAna grantha ati prasiddha hai jisameM paccIsa prakaraNa saMgRhIta hai / unhIMmeMse eka prakaraNakA nAma nizcaya paJcAzat hai| yaha 62 zloMkoMkA prakaraNa samayasAra aura usakI AtmakhyAti TIkAke AdhArapara racA gayA hai| isameM AtmakhyAtike arntagata samayasAra kalazAke kaI zloka bhI uddhRta pAye jAte haiM / samaya sArake sudaparicidANubhUdA Adi gAthA 4 ko lekara nIce likhA padya racA gayA hai zrutaparicitAnubhUtaM sarva sarvasya janmane suciram / na tu muktaye'tra sulabhA zuddhAtmajyotirupalabdhiH // 6 // isI taraha samayasArake 'vavahAro bhUdatyo' Adi gAthA 11 ko saMskRtameM rUpAntarita karake likhA hai vyavahAro'bhUtArthoM bhUtArtho dezitastu zuddhanayaH / zuddhanaya AzritA ye Apnuvanti yatayaH padaM paramam / / 9 / / isItaraha isake prArambhika padyoMmeM amRtacandrAcAryake puruSArtha siddhayupAyake zlokoMkI jhalaka bhI pratIta hotI hai| tathA zlokoMmeM AtmakhyAtikI jhalaka spaSTa hai| isa granthake antargata anya bhI kaI prakaraNa aise haiM jinameM lekhakakI adhyAtma dRSTi sannihita hai / usameM eka prakaraNakA nAma 'ekatva saptatikA hai / isa prakaraNake isI nAmase aneka padya padmaprabha maladhAri devane apanI niyamasAra TIkAmeM uddhRta kiye haiM / ekatva saptatimeM caitanya svarUpa AtmAko hI saba kucha batalAte hue yahA~ taka likhA hai ki vahI mahatI vidhA hai| vahI maMtra taMtra aura janma jarA rUpI rogoMkI auSadhi hai // 49 // usa zuddha caitanya svarUpa AtmAkI upAsanAkA upAya hai eka mAtra sAmya bhAva / sAmya, svAsthya, samAdhi, yoga, cittanirodha, aura zuddhopayoga ye saba ekArthavAcaka haiM // 64 // isa taraha ye choTe-choTe prakaraNa bahuta hI sundara sarala saMskRtameM race gaye haiM aura unameM sArabhUta tattva bhara diyA gayA hai /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 191 samaya vicAra - AcArya padmanandine pahale prakaraNake antameM apane guru vIra nandi ko namaskAra kiyA hai / jisase kevala itanA hI jJAta hotA hai ki unake gurUkA nAma vIranandi thA / jambUdvIpa paNNattike kartAkA nAma bhI padmanandi hai kintu unake gurukA nAma balanandi aura pragurukA nAma vIranandi hai / ata: ina donoMkA aikya saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotA / padmananda nAmake anya bhI aneka AcArya hogaye haiM jinakA nirdeza jambUdvIpa paNNattike kartAkA samayavicAra karate hue pahale kiyA jA cukA hai / ataH padmanandI AcArya ke nAmake AdhArapara samaya nirNaya kara sakanA to azakya hI hai / 1. yaha nizcita hai ki yaha padmanandI amRtacandra (vikramakI dasavIM zatI) ke pazcAt hue haiM / kyoMki unake ukta prakaraNoMpara unake granthoMkA prabhAva hai / ata: unakI pUrvAvadhi vikramakI dasavIM zatIkA antima bhAga samajhanA cAhie / 2. jayasenAcAryane apanI paJcAstikAyakI TIkA ( 4.235) meM nIce likhA padya tathA coktamAtmAzritanizcayaratnatrayalakSaNaM, likha kara uddhRta kiyA hai' darzanaM nizcayaH puMsi bodha stadbodha iSyate / sthitiratraiva cAritramiti yogaH zivAzrayaH // ' padmaprabha maladhAridevane yahI padya niyamasArakI TIkA ( 4.47) meM ' tathA coktamekatvasaptatau' likhakara uddhRta kiyA hai / ukta padya padmanandikI ekatva saptati kA 14vA~ zloka hai / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki ukta padmanandi jayasenAcAryase pahale hue haiN| DaoN0 upAdhyene jayasenakA samaya IsAkI bArahavIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha nizcita kiyA hai / ise padmanandikI uttarAvadhi mAnanA cAhie / ataH padmanandi vikramakI dasavIM zatAbdI ke anta se lekara vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIke Arambha takake kAlameM kisI samaya hue haiM / padmaprabha maladhArIne bhI apanI niyamasAra TIkAke prArambhameM apane guru vIranandiko namaskAra kiyA hai| zrI premIjIne' isaparase padmaprabha aura padmananda eka hI gurukA ziSya honekI saMbhAvanA karake donoMke samakAlIna honekA anumAna kiyA hai tathA eka zilAlekhake AdhArapara padmaprabha aura unake guru vIranandiko vi0 saM0 1242 meM vidyamAna batalAyA hai / kintu padmaprabhase pUrva jayasenAcAryane padmanandi kI ekatva saptatise padya uddhRta kiyA hai / aura padmaprabhane jayasenakI TIkAoMko dekhA thA, yaha unakI TIkAke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase spaSTa hai / ataH padmanandi aura padmaprabhake madhya meM jayasenAcArya hue haiM yaha nizcita haiM / 1. jai0 sA0 I0, pR0 407 /

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192 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa jayasenane apanI pacAMstikAyaTIkAke ArambhameM ( 9.8 ) vIranandike AcArasAraNe do padya ( 4 / 95-96) uddhata kiye haiN| aura vIranandine apane AcArasAra para eka kannar3a TIkA likhI thI jo unhoMne vi0 saM0 1210 meM pUrNa kI thii| ataH AcArasAra usase kucha pahale racA gayA thA yaha nizcita hai| aura premIjI ke kathanAnusAra padmaprabha aura unake guru 1242 vi0 saM0 meM vidyamAna the| to kahanA hogA ki vikramakI 13vIM zatAbdIke prArambhameM AcArasAra racA gayA, aura usake prathama caraNake antameM jayasenAcAryane apanI TIkAeM racI aura dvitIya caraNake antameM padmaprabhane niyamasArakI TIkA rcii| ataH padmanandine apanI ekatvasaptati AcArasArake samakAlake lagabhaga to avazya racI honI caahiye| aisI sthitimeM unakA padmaprabha maladhArI devake guru vIranandikA ziSya honA sambhava pratIta nahIM hotA hai / AcArasArake kartA vIranandike ziSya honemeM bhI koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai| kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prastuta padmanandi amitagatike pazcAt hue haiM / unakI padma-pacavi0ke kriyAkANDa cUlikA nAmaka adhikAra meM eka padya isa prakAra hai manovaco'GgaH kRtamaGgipIDanaM pramoditaM kAritamatra yanmayA / pramAdato darpata etadAzrayaM tadastu mithyA jina duSkRtaM mama / / 11 / / amitagati sUri racita 'dvAtriMzatikA' ke nIce vAle padyakI jhalaka isa padyameM milatI hai| ekendriyAdyA yadi deva dehinaH pramAdataH saMcaratA itastataH / kSatA vibhinnA militA nipIDitA tadastu mithyA duranuSThitaM tadA // 5 // amita gatine vikrama sambat 1073 meM apanA paMca saMgraha racA thaa| ataH padmanandi vikramako bArahavIM zatAbdImeM hue haiM / TIkAkAra jayasena AcArya jayasenane bhI amRta candrakI taraha AcArya kundakundake samayasAra, pravacanasAra aura paJcAstikAya nAmaka granthoMpara TIkAe~ likhI haiM aura tInoM TIkAe~ prakAzita ho cukI haiM /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 193 jayasenane samayasArakI TIkAmeM amRtacandrake nAmakA ullekha kiyA hai aura unakI TIkAse kucha padya bhI yathAsthAna uddhRta kiye haiN| ataH yaha sunizcita hai ki jayasenake sanmukha amRtacandrakI TIkA thii| phira bhI jayasenakI TIkAkI zailImeM amRtacandrase bhinnatA hai tathA mUla granthakI gAthAsaMkhyAmeM bhI antara hai| amRtacandrake anusAra samayasArakI gAthA saMkhyA 415 hai kintu jayasenake anusAra 445 hai| amatacandra jaise manISIkI TIkAke sAmane rahate hae bhI jo jayasenAcAryane atirikta gAthAoMko apanI TIkA meM sammilita kiyA aura viziSTa pAThoMko sthAna diyA, isakA kAraNa yaha to hogA hI ki unake sAmane mula granthakI adhika gAthAvAlI tathA viziSTa pAThavAlI prati rahI hai| kintu isase unakI svataMtra vicArazIlatA tathA pANDitya bhI prakaTa hotA hai| jayasena prathama pratyeka gAthAke padoMkA zabdArtha dete haiN| pIche 'ayamatrAbhiprAyaH' Adi likhakara usakA spaSTIkaraNa karate haiM / ataH unhoMne apanI TIkAoMko jo 'tAtparyavRtti' nAma diyA hai vaha yathArtha pratIta hotA hai| unakI TIkAmeM prAyaH samasta mUla grantha zabdazaH samAviSTa hai| unakI TIkAmeM uddharaNoMkI bhI vizeSatA hai jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki adhyAtmavit hote hue bhI vaha granthAvalokanake premI the| samayasArakI TIkA meM aneka prAkRta gAthAe~ tathA zloka uddha ta haiN| gAthA siddhabhakti, mUlAcAra, paramAtmaprakAza, gomaTTasAra AdikI haiN| kintu kucha gAthAe~ aisI bhI haiM jo upalabdha granthoMmeM nahIM miltii| isI taraha aneka zlokoM ke bhI mUlasthAnakA patA nahIM calatA / svayaMbhUstotra, ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra tathA iSTopadezake bhI zloka uddhRta haiM / eka zloka paJcAstikAyake nAmase uddhata kiyA hai| yaha saMskRtakA paJcAstikAya kaba kisane banAyA kucha jJAta nhiiN| kundakundake tInoM prAbhRtoM para racita TIkAoMke sivAya ina jayasenAcAryakI anya kisI kRtikA patA nahIM cltaa| samaya vicAra--pravacanasArake tAtparyavRttiTIkAke pazcAt eka choTI sI prazasti mudrita hai jise TIkAkArako prazasti batalAyA hai| kintu vaha prazasti TIkA1. pR0 112, 113, 167, 170, 194, 209, 210, 211 / 2. tatra zuddhapAriNAmikasya baMdhamokSasya kAraNarahitatvaM paJcAstikAye'nena zlokena bhaNitamAste-'mokSaM kurvanti mizrIpazamikaH kSAyikAbhidhAH / bandhamaudayiko bhAvo niSkriyaH pAriNAmikaH |'-sm0 sA0, pR0 209 / 13

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194 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa kArase sambaddha honepara bhI svayaM TIkAkArake dvArA nahIM racI gaI hai, kintu unake kisI ziSyAdike dvArA racI gii| prazastimeM kula ATha zloka haiM, kintu bIcameM artha spaSTa na ho sakanese truTita pratIta hotI hai / usake prathama zlokameM kumudenduko namaskAra kiyA hai| Age likhA hai ki mUlasaMghameM zrIvIrasena nAmaka nirgrantha tapasvI muni hue| usake pazcAt gaNI zrIsImasena hue| unake ziSya tapasvI jayasena haiN| isase jayasenAcAryake guru aura pragurukA nAma jJAta ho jAtA hai| kintu ve kaba hueM yaha jJAta nahIM hotaa| aura isake nirNayake lie jayasenake dvArA apanI TIkAoMmeM uddhRta padyoMkA hI sahArA lenA par3atA hai| yaha hama Upara likha Aye haiM ki jayasenAcAryane apanI TIkAoMmeM bahuta se zloka aura gAthAe~ anya granthoMse uddhata kI haiM / kucha gAthAoMke to sthaloMkA patA laga jAtA hai kintu zlokoM kA to patA hI nahIM lagatA aura uddhRta zlokoMkI saMkhyA adhika hai| kucha granthoM kA bhI nAmollekha kiyA hai-yathA dravya saMgraha, tattvAnuzAsana, cAritrasAra, trilokasAra, lokavibhAga Adi / 1. inameMse cAritrasArakI racanA cAmuNDarAyane kI hai| aura trilokasAra unhIke samakAlIna nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIne racA hai| cAmuNDarAyane apanA cAmuNDarAya purANa za0 saM0 900 arthAt vi0 saM0 1035 meM samApta kiyA thaa| ataH nizcita hai ki jayasena vikramakI 11 vIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdhase pahale nahIM hue| 2. unhoMne apanI paJcA0 TI0 (pR0 8) meM do padya uddhRta kiye haiM jo vIranandike AcArasAra (4-95, 96) ke haiN| karnATaka kavi cariteke anusAra ina vIranandi ne apane AcArasAra para eka kannar3a TIkA san 1076 (vi0 saM0 1211) meM likhI thii| ataH nizcita hai ki jayasena vikramakI vArahavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt hue haiN| ___ DaoN0 upAdhyene likhA hai ki nayakItike ziSya bAlacandrane kundakundake tInoM prAbhUtoM para kannar3ameM TIkA likhI haiM aura unakI TIkAkA mukhya AdhAra jayasenakI TIkAeM haiM / unakI TIkA racanAkA kAla IsAkI terahavIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai| ataH jayasenane apanI TIkAeM IsAkI bArahavIM zatAbdI ke utarArdha meM arthAt vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdha meM racI haiM / prabhAcanda kRta TIkA sva0 rAyabahAdura hIrAlAla kRta madhya pradeza aura barArake saMskRta aura 1. prava-sA0, ko prastA0, pR0 104 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 195 prAkRta granthoMke kaiTalAgameM kAraMjAke balatkAragaNake bhaNDArameM prabhAcandrakRta samayasAra TIkAkA nAma diyA huA hai| pravacanasArakI aMgrejI prastAvanAmeM DaoN0 upAdhyene pravacanasArako prabhAcandra kRta pravacanasaroja bhAskara nAmakI saMskRta TIkAkA ullekha kiyA hai aura likhA hai ki pravacanasArake isa saMskaraNake sampAdanameM usakA upayoga kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha bhI saMbhAvanA kI hai ki prabhAcandrane kundakundake zeSa donoM granthoM para bhI arthAt samaya prAbhRta aura paJcAstikAya para bhI TIkAeM racI hogii| pravacanasaroja bhAskarake kartA prabhAcandrakA samaya nirNIta karate hue DaoN0 upAdhyene' zruta munikI prAkRta bhAvatribhaMgIkI prazastikA ullekha kiyA hai| zruta munine prabhAcandrako apanA zAstraguru batalAyA hai aura unheM 'sAratrayanipuNa' likhA hai| zrutamunine apane paramAgamasArako prazastike antameM bhI prabhAcandrakA smaraNa karate hue unheM sAratrayameM nipuNa kahA hai-ve sAratraya haiM, samayasAra pravacanasAra aura paJcAstikAya / ataH inhIM prabhAcandra ko pravacana saroja bhAskarakA kartA unhoMne mAnA hai| zrutamunine paramAgamasAra ko zaka saM0 1263 ( I. san 1341 ) meM samApta kiyA thaa| ataH prabhAcandrako unhoMne IsAkI 14vIM zatAbdI ke prathamacaraNameM huA batalAyA hai| yadi yahI prabhAcandra samayasAra kI ukta TIkAke racayitA haiM to unakA samaya bhI yahI honA caahiye| pUjyapAda ke samAdhitaMtrapara bhI prabhAcandra nAmake acAryakI eka TIkA hai jo prakAzita ho cukI hai| vaha TIkA mUla granthake zlokoMke padoMko lekara unakI vyAkhyA rUpa hai / jaise prasanna aura laghukAya mUla zloka hai vaisI hI prasanna aura laghukAya TIkA bhI hai / usase zloMkoMkA abhiprAya spaSTa ho jAtA hai / TIkAke antameM prazasti rUpase eka padya hai jisameM TIkAkArane apanA saMkSipta nAma prabhendu mAtra diyA hai| usake sivAya apane sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhA / usake pazcAt antima vAkya hai-'iti zrIpaNDita prabhAcandraviracitA samAdhitaMtra TIkA smaaptaa| isa TIkAke sampAdaka paM0 zrI jugala kizorajI mukhtArane apanI prastAvanAmeM 1. prava-sA0 kI prastA0, pR0 108-109 / 2. jai0 pra0 pra0 saM0, 1 bhAga, pR0 191 / 3. yaha TokA vIra sevA mandira sarasAvA ( sahAranapura ) se prakAzita huI hai| aura isake sampAdaka paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra haiM /

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196 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa likhA hai ki vaha TIkA unhIM prabhAcandrakI hai jinhoMne samantabhadrake ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcArakI TIkA banAI hai| isake liye unhoMne donoM TIkAoM se kucha vAkyAdi uddhata karake unakI samAnatAkI puSTi kI hai / ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra kI apanI vidvatApUrNa vistRta prastAvanA meM mukhtAra sAhabane prabhAcandra nAmake aneka AcAryo bhaTTArakoM aura muniyoMkA saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai tathA ratnakaraNDa TIkAke kartA prabhAcandrako vikramakI 13vIM zatAbdIkA vidvAna siddha kiyA hai| cUMki mukhtAra sA0 ke matAnusAra samAdhitaMtra ko TIkA bhI unhIM prabhAcandrakI hai | ataH unhoMne isako vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIkI racanA batalAyA hai / kintu mUDavidrIke' jainamaThameM isa TIkAkI tAr3apatrIya pratike anta meM likhA hai - 'zrI jayasiMha deva rAjye zrImadvArA nivAsinA parApara parameSThipraNAmopArjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtAkhilamalakalaGka ena zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena samAdhizataka TIkA kRteti / ' yaha vahI prasiddha vAkya hai jo Avazyaka parivartana ke sAtha prabhAcandra viracita 'prameyakamala mArtaNDa, gadyakathAkoza' Adi granthoMke antameM pAyA jAtA hai / prameyakamala mArtaNDa meM 'bhojadevarAjye' hai / kintu nyAya kumudacandrake antameM 'jayasiMhadeva rAjye' hai / jayasiMha deva bhoja devake uttarAdhikArI the aura bhojadevakI mRtyuke bAda I0 1056-57 meM mAlavAke siMhAsanapara baiThe the / inhIM donoMke samayameM prasiddha naiyAyika aura dArzanika prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyaku mudacandrodaya nAmake granthoMkI racanA kI thI / samAdhitaMtra TIkAkI tAr3apatrIya pratimeM pAye jAnevAle ukta vAkyase to yahI pratIta hotA hai ki ukta TIkA unhIM prabhAcandrakI hai / usameM eka jagaha ukta donoM granthoM kA ullekha bhI hai / nyAyAcArya paM0 mahendra kumArajI ne prameyakamalamArtaNDakI prastAvanAmeM samAdhitaMtra TIkA ko tathA pravacanasaroja bhAskarako bhI unhIM prabhAcandrakI kRti mAnA hai / pravacana saroja bhAskara to hamAre sAmane upasthita nahIM hai / aura samAdhitaMtra TIkAmeM aise koI sabala pramANa nahIM hai jinake AdhAra para nizcita rUpase yaha kahA jA sakatA ho ki yaha TIkA pramuka prabhAcandrakRta hI hai / TIkAkAra padmaprabha maladhArideva kundakunda racita niyamasArako hamane dravyAnuyogake tattvArtha vibhAgake anta 1. ka0 tA0 gra0 sU0 pR0 29 / " 2. 'yaiH punaryogasAMkhyaMmuktau tatpracyutirAtmano'bhyuyagatA te prameyakamalamArtaNDa nyAyakumudacandre ca mokSavicAre vistarataH pratyAkhyAtAH / ' sa0 [saM0 TI0, pR. 15 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 197 gata rakhA hai / isIse yahA~ usakA paricaya nahIM diyA hai / kintu usake TIkAkAra padmaprabha maladhArIdevane amRtacandrAcAryakI zailImeM hI usakI TIkA kI hai| isI liye usakA ullekha isa prakaraNa meM kiyA jAtA hai| . padmaprabhadeva ne isa TIkAmeM amRtacandrake aneka padyoMko hI uddhRta nahIM kiyA hai kintu unhIMkI zailIko apanAkara TIkAke antargata aneka padya bhI bIca-bIca meM race haiM / jayasena kI apekSA padmaprabha ne amRtacandrakI zailIko adhika apanAyA hai, unhIM kI taraha sulalita gadyAtmaka zailImeM TokAkA nirmANa kiyA hai / kintu jayasenAcAryakI taraha granthAntaroMse uddharaNa bahutAyatase diye haiN| isa tarahase unhoMne kundakundAcAryake apane pUrvavartI donoM TIkAkAroMkA anusaraNa kiyA hai| unhoMne apanI TIkAmeM padya uddhRta karate hue samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, yogIndradeva, vidyAnandi, guNabhadra, amRtacandra tathA somadeva paNDita, vAdirAja, mahAsena nAmake AcAryoMkA tathA samayasAra, paJcAstikAya, pravacanasAra, upAsakAdhyayana, amRtAzIti, mArgaprakAza, pravacanasAravyAkhyA, samayasAravyAkhyA ekatva saptati, tattvAnuzAsana, zrutavindu nAmake granthoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| isameM mArga prakAza nAmaka granthakA anyatra ullekha nahIM miltaa| padmaprabhane apaneko sukavijanapayoja mitra, paJcendriya prasara varjita, aura gAtramAtraparigraha likhA hai| yaha jayasenake pazcAt vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIke madhyameM hue haiM / aura jayasenake laghu samakAlIna pratIta hote haiN| anya TIkAe~-malliSeNa nAmake eka AcAyane bhI samayasArAdi para TIkA racI thI aura vaha jainamaTha zravaNabelagolA meM hai, aisA maisUra kurgake saMgraha meM likhA hai / sI0 pI0 aura barArake saMskRta prAkRta granthoMke kaiTalAga meM (5.663671) malliSaNa AcAryakRta paJcAstikAya aura pravacanasAra para TIkA honekA nirdeza hai, kintu samayasAra para bhI malliSeNane TIkA likhI thI isakA samarthana anyatrase nahIM hotaa| pIche hama dekha Aye haiM, ki TIkAkAroMne kundakundake prAyaH tIna prAbhUtoM para TIkAeM racI hai / ataH saMbhava hai, malliSeNane bhI tInoM prAbhUtoMpara TIkA racI ho| yaha malliSeNa kauna haiM aura kaba hue hai, binA kisI AdhArake kucha kahanA saMbhava nahIM hai| iSTopadeza TIkA vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdImeM AzAdhara nAmake eka mahAna granthakAra ho gaye 1. mANikacandra granthamAlA bambaIse 'tatvAnuzAsanAdi saMgraha' ke antargata / 2. AzAdharakA vistRta paricaya jAnane ke lie dekheM-jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 34 bAdi /

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198 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa haiM / unhoMne pratyeka viSaya para apanI lekhanI calAI hai aura lagabhaga bIsa granthoMkI racanAoMko janma diyA hai| ve na kevala jainazAstroMmeM hI niSNAta the, balki itara zAstroMmeM bhI unakI abAdhagati thii| jainadharmakA unakA adhyayana to bar3AvizAla thaa| unake TIkAgranthoMko dekhanese patA calatA hai ki unhoMne apane samayake upalabdha tamAma jainagranthoMkA talasparzI avagAhana kiyA thaa| unakI TIkAeM jaina aura jainetara granthoMke uddharaNoMse bharapUra haiN| apane granthoMkI antima prazastiyoM meM unhoMne apanA pUrA paricaya diyA hai / / ve mUlameM mAMDalagar3ha ( mevAr3a ) ke nivAsI the / zahAbuddIna gorIke AkramaNoM se trasta hokara mAlavAkI rAjadhAnI meM Akara basa gaye the| ve bagheravAla jAtike vaizya the| unake dvArA racita granthoMmeM se eka 'adhyAtma rahasya' nAmakA grantha thA jo abhItaka aprApya hai| isake nAmase prakaTa hai ki yaha adhyAtmaviSayakA mArmika grantha honA caahie| usake sivAya prakRta viSayase sambaddha granthoMmeM unhoMne pUjyapAdake iSTopadezapara eka TIkA likhI hai, jo prakAzita ho cukI hai / isa granthakI zlokasaMkhyA 51 hai| jaisA mUlagrantha choTA-sA hai tadanurUpa hI usakI TIkA bhI hai / kintu paM0 AzAdhara jI ne usake antargata mUla zlokoMkI saMkhyAke lagabhaga granthAntaroM se padya uddha ta kiye haiN| uddhRta' padyoMmeM se kucha padya kundakundAcAryake paJcAstikAya, akalaMkadevake laghIyastraya, guNabhadra ke AtmAnuzAsana, gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, dravyasvabhAvaprakAzaka nayacakra, amRtacandrakI AtmakhyAti TIkA, puruSArthasiddhayupAya aura tattvAnuzAsana Adi granthoMse diye gaye haiM aura isa dRSTise choTI-sI TIkA bhI kAphI samRddha hai| zlokake padoMkA artha karake usakA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai tathA ziSyake dvArA zaMkA uThAkara usake samAdhAna dvArA prakRta viSayako spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| TIkAkAra brahmadeva ___ adhyAtmazailIke TIkAkAroM meM brahmadevakA nAma ullekhanIya hai| unake do TIkAgrantha upalabdha haiM, eka paramAtmaprakAza-TIkA aura eka bRhadravyasaMgraha TIkA / apanI TIkAoMmeM unhoMne apane sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhA / kevala bRhadravyasaMgrahako antima puSpikAmeM unakA nAmamAtra AyA hai / paramAtmaprakAzakI TIkAke antameM usakA bhI abhAva hai| bR0 dra0 saM0 kI bhUmikAmeM paM. javAharalAlajIne likhA thA ki brahma unakI 1. tatvAnuzAsanAdisaMgraha-pR0 33, 30, 36, 43, 41, 52, 48, 49 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 199 upAdhi hai jo batalAtI hai ki ve brahmacArI the aura deva unakA nAma hai / yadyapi kaI granthakAroMne apane nAmake prArambhameM brahma zabdakA upayoga upAdhike rUpameM kiyA hai, yathA-ArAdhanA - kathAkozake kartA brahma nemidattane, zrutaskandhake racayitA brahma hemacandrane tathA aneka granthoMke racayitA brahma zrutasAgarane / kintu brahmadevameM brahma nAma upAdhisUcaka pratIta nahIM hotA / kintu brahmasena, brahmasUri Adi nAmoMkI taraha yaha pUrA nAma hI pratIta hotA hai| phira bhI yaha saMbhava hai ki ve bhI brahmacArI hI hoM / . brahmadevajI jaina siddhAntake to acche jJAtA the hI, itara darzanoMke bhI jJAtA the / unakI vidvattAkA prabhAva bRhadravyasaMgrahakI TIkAmeM pratiphalita huA hai / usameM unhoMne katipaya gAthAoMke vyAkhyAnameM jainasiddhAntakI bahuta-sI bAtoMkI sundara jAnakArI karAyo hai / yathA--gAthA 10 kI vyAkhyAmeM samudghAMtakA, gAthA 13 kI vyAkhyAmeM guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAoMkA gAthA 14 ke vyAkhyAnameM siddhoMke guNoMkA, gAthA 35 ke vyAkhyAnameM bAraha anuprekSAoMkA aura unameMse bhI lokAnuprekSAke antargata tInoM lokoMkA bahuta hI vistArase kathana kiyA hai / isI taraha kucha saiddhAntika carcAe~ bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / yathA - gAthA 5 ke vyAkhyAnameM matijJAna ke parokSatva aura sAMvyavahArika pratyakSakI carcA kI hai, gAthA 44 kI vyAkhyA meM darzanopayogakI pracalita vyAkhyA sAmAnyAvalokanakA nirdeza karake 'ata UrdhvaM siddhAntAbhiprAyeNa kathyate' likhakara dhavalAmeM pratipAdita saiddhAntika vyAkhyA kI hai, aura phira ina donoM vyAkhyAoMkA dRSTibhedase samanvaya bhI kiyA hai | gAthA 50 kI vyAkhyA meM sarvajJake virodha meM pUrvapakSa bhaTTa cArvAkakA batalAyA jo bhaTTa mImAMsakakA honA cAhie thA / isa TIkAmeM do aise granthoMkA nAma AyA hai jo anupalabdha haiM / unameM se ekakA nAma paJcaparameSThI' aura dUsarekA paJcanamaskAra batalAyA hai / gAthA 13 kI TIkA meM 'guNajIvApajjatI Adi gAthAko uddhRta karake likhA hai--' isa gAthAke dvArA jo kathana kiyA hai vahI dhavala, jayadhavala mahAdhavala nAmaka tInoM granthoMkA bIjapada hai / ' isase prakaTa hotA hotA hai ki brahmadevajIne ina granthoMkA nAmamAtra hI sunA thA / svayaM unake avalokanakA saubhAgya unheM prApta nahIM huA thA / paramAtmaprakAzavRtti - paramAtmaprakAzakI TIkAmeM bRhadravyasaMgrahakI TIkAkI taraha saiddhAntika carcAe~ nahIM haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki paramAtma prakAza eka 1. ' vistareNa paJcaparameSThIgranthakathitakrameNa ativistareNa tu siddhacakrAdidevArcanavidhirUpamaMtravAdasambandhi - paJcanamaskAragranthe ceti' - bRhadva0 saM0 TI0 gA0 54 / 2. iti gAthAprabhRtikathitasvarUpaM dhavala- jayaghavalaprabandhAbhidhAnasiddhAntatraya bIjapadaM sUcitam / - vRhadra0 saM0 TI0, gA0 13 / ,

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200 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa bhAvanAtmaka grantha hai, usameM kinhIM savAntika tattvoMkA pratipAdana nahIM hai / phira bhI jahA~ avasara mila sakA, brahmadevajo sambaddha viSayakI carcAse virata nahIM raha ske| yathA, gAthA 2017 ke vyAkhyAnameM yaha zaMkA kI hai ki yahA~ Apane kahA ki nizcaya samyaktva vItarAga cAritrakA avinAbhAvI hotA hai| kintu nizcaya samyaktva to gRhastha avasthAmeM bhI rahatA hai parantu vahA~ vItarAga cAritra nahIM rhtaa| ataH pUrvApara virodha AtA hai / 'tatra parihAramAha' likhakara usakA parihAra bhI kiyA gayA hai| gAthA 2 / 33 ke vyAkhyAnameM prabhAkarabhaTTa zaMkA karatA hai-yahA~ Apane kahA hai ki jo zuddhAtmAkA dhyAna karate haiM, ve hI mokSako prApta karate haiN| kintu 'cAritrasAra vagairahameM kahA hai ki dravya-paramANu, bhAva-paramANukA dhyAna karanese kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai, ataH hamArA isameM sandeha hai| isI taraha yathAsthAna zaMkA-samAdhAna kiye gaye haiM jo tAttvika dRSTise mahattvapUrNa haiN| zelI-brahmadevajI granthake prArambhameM hI usakI viSayasUcI de dete haiM ki 'ityAdi gAthAeM ina-ina viSayoMse sambaddha haiN|' yaha krama unakI donoM TIkAoMmeM vartamAna hai| donoM hI TIkAoMke ArambhameM unhoMne zabdArtha, nayArtha, matArtha, 1. "cAritrasArAdau punarbhaNitaM dravyaparamANu bhAva paramANu vA dhyAtvA kevalajJAna mutpAdayantItyatra viSaye asmAkaM sandeho'sti / atra zrIyogIndradevAH parihAramAhuH / tatra dravyaparamANuzabdena dravyasUkSmatvaM bhAvaparamANuzabdena bhAvasUkSmatvaM grAhyam na ca pudgaladravyaparamANuH / tathA coktaM sarvArtha siddhiTippaNake-dravyaparamANuzabdena dravyasUkSmatvaM bhAvaparamANuzabdena bhAva sUkSmatvamiti |"-pr0 pra0 TI0, pR0 169 / 2. 'atra padakhaNDanArUpeNa zabdArthaH kathitaH / zuddhAzuddhanayadvayavibhAgena nayArtho'pyuktaH / idAnI matArthaH kathyate "AgamArthaH punaH 'astyAtmAnAdibaddhaH' ityAdi prasiddha eva / zuddhanayAzritaM jIvasvarUpamupAdeyaM zeSaM ca heyaM iti heyopAdeyarUpeNa bhaavaartho'pyvboddhvyH| evaM zabda-naya-matAgama bhAvArthoM yathAsambhavaM vyAkhyAnakAle sarvatra jJAtavyaH / -bR0 saM0 TI0, gAthA0 2 / 'evaM padakhaNDanArUpeNa' zabdArthaH kthitH| nayavibhAgakathanarUpeNa nayArthoM bhaNitaH / bauddharAdimatasvarUpakathanaprastAve matArtho'pi nirUpitaH / evaM guNaviziSTAH siddhA muktAH santItyAgamArthaH prasiddhaH / atra nityaniraJjanajJAnamayarUpaM paramAtmadravyamupAdeya miti bhAvArthaH / anena prakAreNa zabdanayamatAgamabhAvArtho vyAkhyAnakAle yathAsaMbhavaM sarvatra jJAtavyaH / -pa0 prakA0, TI0 pR0 7-8 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 201 AgamArtha aura antameM bhAvArtha kahanekI paddhatiko svIkAra kiyA hai aura prAyaH tadanusAra hI gAthAoMkA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / ina saba bAtoMse yaha siddha hotA hai ki donoM TIkAoMke kartA brahmadeva jI hI haiM / yaha bAta isalie likhanekI AvazyakatA huI ki paramAtmaprakAzakI TIkAmeM TIkAkArakA nAma nahIM hai, kintu hindI-TIkAkAra daulatarAmajI paramAtmaprakAzakI saMskRtavRttiko brahmadevaracita kahate haiM / paramAtmaprakAzakI TIkAke antameM brahmadevajIne likhA hai-isa granthameM adhikatara padoMkI sandhi nahIM kI gayI hai aura sukhapUrvaka bodha karAneke lie vAkya bhI judejade rakhe gaye haiM / ataH vidvAnoMko isa granthameM liMga, vacana, kriyA, kAraka, saMdhi, samAsa, vizeSya, vizeSaNa, vAkyasamApti Adi dUSaNa nahIM dekhane caahie|' isase pratIta hotA hai ki brahmadevajIne apanI yaha TIkA sarala saMskRtameM likhI hai jisase sAdhAraNa jJAtA bhI usakA lAbha uThA sake / bR0 dravyasaMgrahakI TIkAmeM isa tarahakI koI bAta nahIM likhI hai, kyoMki usakI racanA isa dRSTise nahIM kI gayI hai| brahmadevajIkI ina TIkAoMse unake sambandhameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotA, ataH unake samayakA nizcaya karaneke lie granthameM uddhRta granthAntaroMke padyoM AdikA hI sahArA lenA par3atA hai| brahmadevajImeM bhI granthAntaroMse padya uddhRta karanekI abhiruci jayasenAcAryakI jaisI hI pratIta hotI hai| jayasenakI paJcAstikAya-TIkAoMke sAtha unakI TIkAoMkA milAna karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki unhoMne apanI TIkAoMmeM jayasenakA anukaraNa kiyA hai / jayasenAcAryane' bhI TIkAke AdimeM zabdArtha, 1. 'evaM "zabdArthaH kathitaH / 'nayArtho'pyuktaH / "matArtho'pyuktaH / indrazata vanditA ityAgamArthaH prasiddha eva""iti bhAvArthaH / anena prakAreNa zabda nayamatAgama bhAvArthaH |""mNgl nnimittheuu||1|| vakkhANau vyAkhyAtu / sa kaH krtaa| Airio AcAryaH kiM / satthaM zAstra-pacchA pazcAt / kiM kRtvA pUrva / vAgariya vyAkRtya vyAkhyAya / kAn ! chappi' SaDapi maMgalaNimittaheU pariNAma NAma taha ya kattAraM / maMgalanimittahetu parimANanAmakartRtvAdhikArANIti |'-pnycaa0 TI0, pR0 4-5 / 'uktaM ca-maMgalaMNimittahe".. // 1 // vakkhANau vyAkhyAta / kaM sakaH ? Ayario AcAryaH / satthaM zAstraM, 'pacchA' pazcAt kiM kRtvA pUrva ? vAgariya vyAkRtya vyAkhyAya / kAn ?chappi SaDapi adhikArAn / kathaMbhUtAn ? maMgala nnimitt|'-bRhd, saM0 TI0, pR0 6-7 /

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202 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa nayArtha, matArtha, AgamArtha aura bhAvArthakA kathana karanekA nirdeza kiyA hai / tathA maMgalAdikI carcA meM maMgala Nimitta heU Adi gAthA uddhRta karake usakA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| tadanusAra hI dravyasaMgrahako TIkAke ArambhameM brahmadevajIne kiyA hai| anya bhI kaI samAnatAe~ aisI haiM jinameM zabdazaH anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki brahmadevajIne jayasenakA pUrA-pUrA anukaraNa kiyA hai| jayasena IsAkI bArahavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdhake lagabhaga hue haiM, ataH brahmadeva bArahavIM zatAbdIse bAdake hone caahie| kintu isa viSayameM eka prazna ho sakatA hai ki brahmadevajIne hI jayasenAcAryakA anusaraNa kiyA hai aura jayasenAcAryane brahmadevajIkA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA, isameM kyA pramANa hai ? kyoMki brahmadevakI TIkAmeM jayasenajI athavA unakI TIkAkA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai| __ donoM TIkAoMke milAnase yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki brahmadevajIne hI jayasenAcAryakA anusaraNa kiyA hai| udAharaNake lie dravyasaMgraha gAthA 57 kI TokAmeM brahmadevajIne paJcAstikAya gAthA 146 tathA samayasAra gAthA 217 kI jayasenAcAryakRta TIkAkA anusaraNa karake donoMmeM uddhata padyoMko apane DhaMgase jamAyA hai| sAtha hI eka uddharaNa bhI paMcAstikAyakI TIkAkA pAyA jAtA hai / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki brahmadevajIne jayasena anusaraNa kiyA hai| dravyasaMgrahakI gAthA 13 kI TIkAmeM eka vAkya isa prakAra hai 'svAbhAvikAnaMtajJAnAdyanantaguNAdhArabhUtaM nijaparamAtmatavyamupAdeyam, indriyasukhAdiparadravyaM hi heyamityarhatsarvajJapraNIta........"paraM kintu bhUmirekhAvisadRzakroSAvidvitIyakaSAyodayena mAraNanimittaM talavaragRhItataskaravavAtmanindAsahitaH sannindriyasukhamanubhavatItyaviratasamyagdRSTelakSaNam / yaH pUrvoktaprakAreNa samyagdRSTiH san bhUmirekhAdisamAnakrodhAdidvitIyakaSAyodayAbhAve satyabhyantare nizcayanayenakadeza-rAgAvirahita-svAbhAvika sukhAnubhUtilakSaNesa, bahiviSayeSu punarekavezahisAnatAsteyAbrahmaparigrahanivRtti lakSaNeSu vartate sa paJcamaguNasthAnavati bhAvakaH syAt / ' 1. 'cAritrasArAdau granthe bhaNitamAste / cha masthatapodhanAH dravyaparamANu bhAva paramANu vA dhyAtvA kevalajJAnamutpAdayanti / tatparadravyAlaMbanarahitaM kathaM ghaTata iti / parihAramAha-dravyaparamANuzabdena dravyasUkSmatvaM grAhya bhAvaparamANuzabdena ca bhAvasUkSmatvaM na ca pudgalaparamANavaH / idaM vyAkhyAnaM sarvArthasiddhiTippaNake bhaNitamAste |'-pnycaasti0 TI0, pR0 219 / / _ 'tathAcoktaM paJcAstikAye-paryAyAthikanayena, 'mabhUdapunvo havadi siddhoM', dravyAthikanayena punaH |'-pr0 pra0 TI0, pR0 6 tathA paJcAsti0 TI0, pR0 43 /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 203 AzApurajIke sAgAra dharmAmRtakA eka zloka isa prakAra hai 'bhUrekhAdisadRkkaSAyavazago yo vizvadRzvAzayA heyaM vaiSayikaM sukhaM nijamupAdeyaM tviti zraddhadhat / cauro mArayituM dhRtastalavareNevA''tmanindAdimAn zarmAkSaM bhajate rujatyapi paraM nottapyate so'pyaghaH // 13 // ukta gadya tathA padyameM jo zabda tathA arthasAdRzya hai vaha akasmAt pratIta nahIM hotA / avazya hI ina donoM meM se kisI eka ne dUsarekA anusaraNa kiyA hai / paM0 AzAparajIkA samaya to sunizcita hai unhoMne apane sAgAradharmAmRtakI TIkA vi0 saM0 1296 meM samApta kI thii| aba yadi AzAdharajIne brahmadevajI kI TIkAko dekhakara ukta padya racA hai to brahmadevajI vikramakI terahavIM zatIke madhyake vidvAn hone cAhie aura isa taraha ve jayasenajI aura AzApurajIke antarAlameM hue haiN| kintu yadi brahmadevajIne AzAdharajIke sAgAradharmAmRtake ukta padyake Uparase samyagdRSTikA ukta svarUpa likhA hai to vaha AsAgharajIke pazcAt vikramako caudahavIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdhameM hone caahie| DaoN0' upAdhyene likhA hai ki jaisalamerake bhaNDArameM brahmadevakI dravyasaMgraha vRttikI eka prati maujUda hai jo vi0 saM0 1485 meM mANDavameM likhI gaI hai| ataH itanA nizcita hai ki brahmadevajI usase pahale hue haiN| paramAtmaprakAzapara kukkuTAsana-maladhArI bAlacandrakI eka kannar3a TIkA upalabdha hai / DaoN02 upAdhyene likhA hai ki usake prArambhika upodghAtase yaha spaSTa hai ki usa TIkAkA mukhya AdhAra brahmadevakI vRtti hai| kyoMki bAlacandrane likhA hai ki brahmadevakI TIkAmeM jo viSaya spaSTa nahIM ho sake haiM, unheM prakAzita karaneke liye unhoMne yaha TIkA racI hai |yh spaSTokti batalAtI hai ki unhoMne brahmadevakA anusaraNa kiyA hai / kintu ina bAlacandrakA samaya bhI nizcita nahIM ho sakA hai| adhyAtmarasika upAdhyAya yazovijayajI zvetAmbara-paramparAmeM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya to mAnya haiM / kintu kundakundane samayasArameM jo nizcayanayase AtmasvarUpakA pratipAdana kiyA hai usa DhaMgakA pratipAdana zvetAmbara-sAhityameM nahIM miltaa| isase adhyAtmarasika zvetAmbara vidvAnoMkA kundakundake samayasArakI ora AkRSTa honA svAbhAvika hai / aise hI vidvAnoMmeM paM0 banArasIdAsa the| vaha hindIbhASAke zreSTha kavi the| jaina-paramparAmeM hindIbhASAkA una jaisA zreSTha kavi dUsarA nahIM huaa| unakA janma jaunapurameM vi0saM0 1643meM huA thA / kintu vyApArake nimitta ve AgarA Akara rahane lage 1. 2. para0 pra0 kI prastA0, pR0 71 /

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204 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa 1 the / AgaremeM eka arthamalla nAmake adhyAtmarasika sajjanake sAtha kavikA paricaya ho gayA / unakI preraNAse kavine kundakundAcAryakRta samayasArakI rAyamallakRta bAlAvabodha TIkAkA mananapUrvaka svAdhyAya kiyA / use par3hakara unakI vyavahAraparase zraddhA uTha gayI aura unheM sarvatra nizcayanaya hI nizcayanaya dikhAI dene lagA / isameM unake sAthI tIna mitra aura bhI the| unake nAma the candrabhAnu udayakaraNa aura thAnamala / cAroM koTharImeM naMge ho jAte the aura apaneko digambara muni samajha lete the / vi0 saM0 1692 taka yahI dazA rahI / usake pazcAt AgaremeM paM0 rUpacandakA samAgama huA / unhoMne unase gommaTasAra Adi granthoMko par3hanekI preraNA kI / unake par3hanese kavi aura unake sAthiyoMkI pariNati syAdvAdarUpa huI aura ekAntavAdakA lopa ho gayA / taba 1683 meM samayasArapara amRtacandrAcArya racita AtmakhyAti TIkAmeM Agata saMskRta padyoMke AdhArapara 'samayasAra nATaka' nAmakA hindIpadyoMmeM apUrva grantha racA / usakA pracAra tathA Adara zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM sampradAyoMmeM khUba hai / tabase AgaremeM banArasIdAsajIke anuyAyiyoMkI eka zailI pracalita ho gaI jisake anuyAyI AdhyAtmika kahe jAte the / unhoMne logoMko apanI ora AkRSTa kiyA / vipakSiyoMne use banArasIdAsakA AdhyAtmika mata nAma de diyA / phalasvarUpa usake bar3hate hue prabhAvako rokaneke lie zvetAmbarAcArya yazovijaya upAdhyAyane usake khaNDanameM AdhyAtmikamata-khaNDana aura AdhyAtmikamata'parIkSA nAmake granthoMkI racanA kI aura meghavijaya upAdhyAyane prAkRta gAthAoM meM bANArasIya digambaramata khaNDanamaya yuktiprabodha nAmake granthakI racanA kI aura usapara saMskRtameM TIkA bhI racI / zrI yazovijayajI zvetAmbara tapAgacchake the aura akabara bAdazAha ke pratibodhaka hIravijaya sUrike ziSya upAdhyAya kalyANavijaya unake ziSya lAbhavijaya unake ziSya jItavijayake gurubhAI nayavijayake ziSya the / inhoMne tIna varSa taka kAzImeM rahakara nyAyazAstrakA abhyAsa kiyA thaa| pIche cAra varSataka AgarAmeM rahakara vidyAbhyAsa kiyA thA / inhoMne prAkRta, saMskRta aura gujarAtImeM aneka granthoMkI racanA kI hai tathA nyAya, yoga, adhyAtma, darzana, dharma, kathAcarita 1. AdhyAtmika mata - parIkSA (TIkA sahita), devacanda lAlacandabhAI sUratase, prakAzita huI hai / 2. yuktiprabodha, RSabhadeva kezarImala zvetAmbara -saMsthA, ratalAma se prakAzita huA hai /

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 205 Adi sabhI viSayoMpara apanI lekhanI calAyI hai / inakI pratibhA apUrva thI / inake bahutase grantha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| jainadharmaprasAraka sabhA bhAva nagarakI orase yazovijaya-granthamAlA nAmake saMgraha granthameM dasa grantha prakAzita hue haiN| unake nAma hai-adhyAtmasAra, deva-dharmaparIkSA, adhyAtmopaniSad, AdhyAtmikamata-khaNDana saTIka, yatilakSaNa samuccaya, nayarahasya, nayapradIpa, nayopadeza, janatarka-paribhASA aura jnyaanbindu| antake naya rahasya Adi prakaraNa bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| inameMse nayopadezameM upAdhyAyajIne digambaroMke nizcayanayako jagatkA usI prakAra hitakArI nahIM batalAyA jaise viSakI rasAyana sabake lie hitakara nahIM hotI / jaise cakravartIkA bhojana thor3oMkA upakAraka aura bahutoMkA apakAraka hotA hai vaise hI nizcayanaya thor3oMkA upakArI aura bahutoMkA apakArI hai / nizcayanayameM na koI ziSya hai aura na koI guru, na kriyA aura na kriyAkA phala hai, aura na koI dAtA hai aura na koI bhoktaa| aise nizcayanayakA upadeza puruSoMke mithyAtvakA hI kAraNa hotA hai / ___ isataraha upAdhyAyajIne digambaroMke nizcayanayako unhIMke yogya batalAyA hai jo use pacA sakanekI zakti rakhate hoN| kintu zrI upAdhyAya yazovijayajIne jahA~ eka ora digambaroMke nizcayanayakI bhartsanA kI vahIM dUsarI ora bhagavatkundakundAcAryake samayasArako apane adhyAtmaviSayaka prakaraNoMmeM AtmasAt karanekI bhI ceSTA kii| unake adhyAtmasAra aura adhyAtmopaniSad nAmaka granthoMmeM samayasArakI aneka gAthAoMkA saMskRtameM rUpAntara milatA hai| 1. 'zuddhA hya teSu sUkSmArthA azuddhAH sthUlagocarAH / phalataH zuddhatAM tvAhurvyavahAre na nizcaye // 74 // kriyAkriyAphalaucityaM guruH ziSyazca yatra na / dezanA nizcayasyAsya puMsAM mithyAtvakAraNam // 75 / / pariNAme nayAH sUkSmA hitA nApariNAmake / na vAti pariNAme ca cakriNo bhojanaM yathA // 76 / / Ame ghaTe yathA nyastaM jalaM svaghaTanAzakRt / tathApariNate ziSye rahasyaM nayagocaram / / 7 / / tenAdau nizcayodgrAho nagnAnAmapahastitaH / rasAyanIkRtaviSaprAyo'sau na jagaddhitaH // 79 // -nayopadeza

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206 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa adhyAtmasAra-isa granthameM 20 adhikAra haiM / unake nAma hai-mAhAtmyAdhikAra 1, adhyAtmasvarUpa 2, daMbhatyAga 3, bhavasvarUpacintA 4, vairAgyasaMbhava 5, vairAgyabheda 6, vairAgyaviSaya 7, mamatAtyAga 8, samatA 9, sadanuSThAna 10, manaHzuddhi 11, samyaktva 12, mithyAtyAga 13, asadgRhatyAga 14, yoga 15, dhyAna 16, dhyAnastuti 17, Atmanizcaya 18. jinamatastuti 1deg aura anubhavAdhikAra / sampUrNa grantha saMskRtameM aneka chandoMmeM nirmita hai| adhyAtmakA mAhAtmya batalAte hue likhA hai ki 'adhyAtmazAstrase utpanna hue santoSake sukhameM magna puruSa indra, kubera aura rAjAko kucha nahIM samajhate // 10 // kAmasevanakA rasa tabhI taka rahatA haiM jabataka kAmasevana kiyA jAtA hai| bhojanakA sukha bhI bhojana karanetaka hI rahatA hai| kintu adhyAtmazAstrakA anuzIlana karanepara jo sukha prApta hotA hai, usakI koI avadhi nahIM hai // 21 / / ataH adhyAtmazAstrako bAraMbAra par3hanA cAhiye aura usake anusAra AcaraNa karanA cAhiye tathA use supAtrako hI denA cAhiye // 24 // __dUsare adhikArameM adhyAtmakA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai-'mohake adhikArase chUTe hue manuSya AtmAke Azrayase jo zuddha AcaraNa karate hai use jinadevane adhyAtma kahA hai // 2 // jaise sAmAyika saba cAritroMmeM anusyUta rahatA hai vaise hI adhyAtma saba yogoMmeM anugata mAnA gayA hai // 3 // zuddha jJAna aura zuddha kriyA ye donoM adhyAtmarUpI rathake cakra haiM // 12 // yaha paJcamaguNa sthAnase lekara mAnA gayA hai // 13 // vaise upacArase pahale bhI rahatA hai / / azuddha bhI kriyA sadAzaya honese zUddha kriyAkI hetu hotI hai / jaise rasAyanake yogase tAmbA svarNa ho jAtA hai // 16 // ataH mArgameM praveza karAneke liye mithyA dRSTimeM bhI dravyasamyaktvakA Aropa karake vrata dete haiM // 17 // daMbhatyAga Adi adhikAroMmeM adhyAtmake lie upayogI AcAra aura vicAroMkA bar3A hI sundara aura bhAvapUrNa vivecana kiyA hai aura sAMkhyAdi matoMke vicAroMkI paryAlocanA kI hai| Atmanizcaya nAmaka aTThArahaveM adhikArameM samayasArameM darzita dizAke dvArA usIke zabdoMmeM AtmatattvakA vinizcaya karate hue sama pasArakI aneka gAthAoMko saMskRtarUpa diyA hai| likhA hai-AtmajJAna hI muktidAtA hai, ataH sadA AtmajJAnake lie hI prayatna karanA cAhiye // 1 // AtmAke jAna lenepara jAnaneke lie kucha bhI bAkI nahIM rahatA aura usako na jAnakara bAkIkA jAnanA nirarthaka hai // 3 // Atmako jAnaneke liye navoM tattvoMko jAnanA cAhie; kyoMki ajIvAdi tattva AtmAke pratiyogI haiM // 3 // ataH ekatva aura pRthaktvase yukta AtmajJAna ho hitakara

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 207 hai // 5 // AtmAko jJAnadarzana aura cAritralakSaNavAlA kahA hai // 6 // jaise ratnakI prabhA ratnase bhinna nahIM hai vaise hI AtmAse jJAna darzana aura cAritra bhinna nahIM hai // 7 // vyavahAranaya lakSya aura lakSaNameM bheda mAnatA hai, nizcayanaya nahIM // 8 // yaha kathana samayasAra gAthA 5 aura 7 kA RNI hai| Age likhA haivyavahArI zarIra aura AtmAko eka mAnatA hai, kintu nizcayako yaha bAta sahya nahIM hai| jaise uSNa agnike yogase ghRtameM uSNatAkA bhrama hotA hai vaise mUrta zarIrake yogase AtmAmeM mUrtatAkA bhrama hotA hai // 36 // jisameM na rUpa hai, na rasa hai, na gaMdha hai, na sparza hai, na AkAra hai, vaha kaise mUrta ho sakatA hai // 37 // mUrtatA pudgalakA guNa hai aura AtmA jJAna guNavAlA hai| ataH AtmA pudgaloMse bhinna hai // 48 // isI taraha AtmA na puNya hai aura na pApa hai| puNya pApa to paudgalika hai // 59 // loga puNyakarmako zubha aura pApako azubha kahate haiN| kintu jo jIvako saMsArameM bhaTakAtA hai vaha zubha kaise huA 'puNyaM karma zubhaM proktamazubhaM pApamu yate / tatkathaM tu zubhaM jantUn yat pAtayati janmani // 16 // ' yaha samayasArake puNyapApa dvArakI prathama gAthAkA hI rUpAntara hai kammamasuhaM kusIlaM suhakammaM cAvi jANaha susIlaM / kiha taM hodi susIlaM jaM saMsAraM pavesedi // 145 / / isa adhikArameM samayasArake anusAra AtmAke svarUpakA varNana karake bhI upAdhyAyajIne digambaroMko belAga nahIM chor3A / bIcameM likha hI diyA ye tu dikpaTadezIyAH zuddhadravyatayAtmanaH / zuddhasvabhAvakartRtvaM jaguste'pUrvabuddhayaH / / 87 // 'jo digambara zuddhadravyarUpase AtmAko zuddha svabhAvakA kartA mAnate haiM unakI buddhi apUrva hai| kyoMki siddhasena divAkarane sanmati nAmaka granthameM dravyAthikanayako zubasaMgrahako viSaya karanevAlA kahA hai // 88 // unake matase AtmA bhAvoMkA kartA nahIM hai, kevala kUTastha draSTAmAtra rahatA hai / / 89 // samayasArameM antameM kundakundane kahA hai ki jinakA liMgameM mamatva hai ve samayasArako nahIM jAnate / pAkhaMDiliMgesu va gihiliMgesu va bahuppayAresu / kunvaMti je mamattaM tehiM Na NAyaM samayasAraM // 413 //

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208 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa upAdhyAyajIne isakA anuvAda isa prakAra diyA hai pASaMDigaNaliMgeSu gRhiligeSu ye ratAH / na te samayasArasya jJAtAro bAlabuddhayaH // 181 // isIko AdhAra banAkara upAdhyAyajIne Age likhA hai-'jo bhAvaliMgameM rata haiM, ve gRhastha hoM yA muni, mukta ho jAte haiM // 182 // tathA digambaroMke nagnatAke Agrahako kadAgraha Adi batalAyA hai| kintu kundakundAcAryane usa gAthAse AgekI 414vIM gAthAmeM kaha diyA hai ki vyavahAranaya mokSamArgameM donoM liMgoko mAnya karatA hai, kintu nizcayanaya kisI bhI liMgako nahIM pasanda krtaa| adhyAtmopaniSad-isake prArambhameM bhI upAdhyAyajIne adhyAtmakA lakSaNa kahA hai-'AtmAko lekara jo pAMca AcAroMkA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| use adhyAtma kahate haiM // 2 // isa granyameM kevala cAra adhikAra haiM-1. zAstrayogazuddhi, 2. jJAnayogazuddhi, 3. kripAyogazuddhi aura 4. sAmyayogazuddhi / pahale adhikArameM batalAyA hai ki atIndriya padArthoM ko jAnanekA sAdhana zAstra hai| aura aisA zAstra sarvajJa vItarAga-upadiSTa hI ho sakatA hai| ataH yogiyoMko zAstracakSu honA cAhie / yathA carmacakSubhRtaH sarve devAzcAvadhicakSuSaH / sarvatazcakSuSaH siddhAH yoginaH zAstracakSuSaH // 16 // yaha zloka kundakundake pravacanasArako nIce likhI gAthAkI hI chAyA hai Agama cakkhU sAhU iMdiyacakkhUNi savva bhUdANi / devA ya ohi cakkhU siddhA puNa savvado cakkhU // 34 // dUsare adhikArameM jJAnayogakI zuddhikA kathana hai| likhA hai-jo anyase bhinna AtmAko cinmAtra lakSaNake dvArA jAnatA hai vahI jJAna uttama hai / / 15 / / paramAtmAke svarUpako zuddhAnubhavasaMvedya batalAkara samayasArakI hI taraha paramAtmAko guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAoMse achUtA batalAyA hai tathA likhA hai ki jo karmokI upAdhise honevAle bhAvoMko AtmAkA mAnatA hai vaha paramAtmAke svAbhAvika rUpako nahIM jaantaa| ___ isa prakaraNameM bhI samayasArakI aneka gAthAoMko saMskRtameM anUdita kiyA gayA hai yathA bhRtyaH kRtaM yuddhaM svAminyevopacaryate / zuddhatmanyavivekena karmaskandhojitaM tathA // 30 //

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adhyAtma-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 209 muSitatvaM yathA pAnthagataM pathyupacaryate / tathA vyavaharatyajJe cidrUpe karmavikriyAm // 31 // jodhehiM kade judhe rAeNa kadaMtti jappade logo| taha vavahAreNa kadaM NANAvaraNAdi jIveNa // 106 // . pathe mussaMtaM passidUNa logA bhaNaMti vavahArI / mussade eso paMtho Na ya paMtho mussade koI // 58 // taha jIve kammANaM NokammANaM ca passi, vaNaM / / jIvassa esa vaNNo jiNehi vavahArado utto // 59 // tIsare adhikArameM kriyAyogakI AvazyakatA batalAte hue likhA hai jo kriyAko chor3akara jJAnamAtrake hI ahaMkArameM lIna rahate haiM, ve jJAna aura kriyAse bhraSTa nAstika hote haiM // 38 // kintu jo jJAna aura kriyAmeM samAna AdarabhAva rakhate hai ve mukta ho jAte haiM // 42 // isI taraha cauthe adhyAyameM sAmyayogakA kathana karate hue kahA hai jo yogI AtmapravRttimeM sadA jAgarUka rahatA hai aura parapravRttimeM gaMgA, baharA aura andhA bana jAtA hai. vahI lokottara sAmyabhAvako prApta karatA hai // 2 // vinA sAmyabhAvake sAmAyika kevala mAyAcAra hai // 8 // sAmyabhAvako dhAraNa karanevAle aneka mahAtmAoMke udAharaNa bhI diye haiN| isa taraha upAdhyAyajIke ukta donoM granthoMmeM jaina-adhyAtmakA aura usake lie upayogI bAtoMkA acchA citraNa kiyA hai| sAtha hI tulanAtmaka rUpameM vedAnta, sAMkhya, Adi darzanoMke vicAroMkI yathAsthAna samIkSA kI hai| unake ina granthoMse jaina-adhyAtmaviSayaka sAhityameM kucha navInatAkA bhI samAveza huA hai| unake pazcAt saMskRta-prAkRtameM adhyAtmaviSayaka koI racanA hamAre dekhanemeM nahIM baayii| isa taraha AcArya kundakundane jo adhyAtmaviSayaka sAhityake mukuTamaNi samayasArakI racanA kI, amRtacandrane apanI AtmakhyAtike dvArA usameM cAra cAMda lagAye aura antameM upAdhyAya yazovijayajIne usake Avazyaka aMzoMko apanAkara grantharacanA kii|

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jaina sAhityakA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga caturtha adhyAya tatvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya tattvArtha-viSayaka sAhityakA pallavana adhyAtma-viSayaka sAhityake samAna AcArya kundakundase hotA hai| inhoMne paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra aura niyamasAra jaise grantharala likhakara isa sAhityakA vistAra kiyA hai| ___ AcArya kundakundake pazcAt tattvArtha-viSayaka mUla sAhityake praNetAoMmeM AcArya gRpicchakA nAma Adarake sAtha liyA jAtA hai| inhoMne 'tattvArthasUtra' jaise gambhIra granthakI racanAkara jaina-darzanakA vividha dRSTiyoMse sUtrarUpameM nirUpaNa kiyA hai| vAstavameM yaha aisA Akara-grantha hai jisapara uttarakAlameM itanA adhika TIkAdi sAhitya likhA gayA hai, jise hama upamAkI dRSTise granthAgAra kaha sakate haiM / ___ isa adhyAyameM tattvArtha-viSayaka mUla sAhityakA sarvAGgINa vizleSaNa aura vivecana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| 1. paMcAstikAya AcArya kundakundane apane granthoMko kisa kramase racA thA, isako jAnanekA koI nizcita sAdhana nahIM hai / tathApi aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unhoMne apanI granthatrayImeM sarvaprathama paJcAstikAya racA thA; kyoMki isameM AdhArabhUta tattvoMkA saMkSepameM kathana hai / pazcAt unhIMke vizeSa kathanake lie pravacanasAra aura samayasAra race hoNge| uddezya--paJcAstikAyakI antima gAthAmeM granthakArane usakI racanAkA uddezya bhI batalAyA hai ki pravacanakI bhaktise prerita hokara mArgakI prabhAvanAke lie maiMne pravacanake sArabhUta paJcAstikAya-saMgraha nAmaka sUtrako kahA hai|' isa tarahakA kathana na samayasArake antameM kiyA gayA hai aura na pravacanasArake antameM kiyA 1. 'maggapabhAvaNaTuM pavayaNabhattippacodideNa mayA / bhaNiyaM pavayaNasAraM paMca tyisaMgrahaM suttaM // 173 //

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 211 gayA hai / una donoMmeM to una granthoMke abhyAsase honevAle phalako batalAyA hai| hA~, niyamasArake antameM pravacanabhaktivaza usakI racanA karanekA nirdeza avazya hai| kintu 'mArgaprabhAvanA'kI bAta usameM bhI nahIM hai / zAyada granthakArake udAra dharmapremI cittameM mArgaprabhAvanAke lie grantharacanA karaneke prathama vicArake udgamake phalasvarUpa hI yaha grantha racA gayA ho| granthakA rUpa-kundakundake anya granthoMkI taraha yaha grantha bhI prAkRta gAthAoMmeM nibaddha hai / usake do rUpa haiN| eka rUpa amRtacandrakI saMskRta TIkAke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai| usakI gAthA saMkhyA 173 hai| dUsarA rUpa jayasenakI TIkAke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai usakI gAthA saMkhyA 181 hai / amRtacandrane granthako cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA hai| prArambha meM eka pIThikA hai, antameM eka calikA hai aura donoMke bIca do zrutaskandha haiM / jayasenane bhI isa vibhAgako jyoMkA-tyoM svIkAra kara liyA hai| antara kevala itanA hai ki unhoMne donoM zrutaskandhoMko zrutaskandha nAma na dekara mahAdhikAra nAma diyA hai / pIThikAkI gAthA saMkhyA donoMmeM 26 hai| kintu prathama zrutaskandhakI gAthA saMkhyA 78 hai jabaki prathama mahAdhikArakI gAthA saMkhyA 85 hai / isa taraha 7 gAthAe~ adhika hai| inameM se chai gAthAe~ mati zruta Adi jJAnoMke varNanase sambaddha haiM aura eka gAthA pudgalake pRthvI Adi bhedoMse sambaddha hai| dUsare zrutaskandhameM 49 gAthAe~ haiM, kintu dUsare mahAdhikArameM 50 gAthAe~ haiM / cUlikAkI gAthA saMkhyA donoMmeM bIsa hI hai| isa taraha amRtacandrase jayasenAcArya kI TIkAmeM ATha gAthAe~ adhika haiN| jahA~taka granthake vibhAgakA prazna hai, prathama zrutaskandhako gAthA 103 se tathA dUsare tha taskandhakI prathama gAthAse yaha spaSTa hai ki ye donoM do granthoM athavA do vibhAgoMke rUpameM race gaye haiN| gAthA 103 meM kahA hai ki isa prakAra pravacanake sArabhUta paJcAstikAya saMgrahako jAnakara jo rAga-dveSako chor3a detA hai vaha dukhase chuTa jAtA hai| gAthA 105 meM kahA hai-'mahAvIra svAmIko namaskAra karake una paJcAstikAya sambandhI padArthoke bheda tathA mokSake mArgako khuuNgaa|' ataH do mUla vibhAga kundakundakRta hI hone caahie| unameM pIThikA aura cUlikA nAmaka avAntara adhikAra amRta candrakRta pratIta hote haiM / viSaya-paricaya-prathama gAthAke dvArA jinoMko namaskAra karake granthakArane dUsarI gAthAke dvArA 'samaya' ko kahanekI pratijJA kI hai / aura tIsarI gAthAke dvArA pA~co dravyoMke samavAyako samaya tathA usIko loka kahA hai aura bAharameM saba ora phaile hue ananta AkAzako aloka kahA hai| gAthA cArameM una pAMcoMkA nAma batalAyA hai-jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza / aura ina sabako

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212 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa / satsvarUpa ananyamaya aura 'aNumahAnta' batalAyA hai| amRtacandrane 'aNumahAnta' kA artha kiyA hai 'pradezapracayAtmakAH' arthAt ye pAMcoM dravya bahupradezI haiN| isIliye unheM astikAya kahate haiN| gAthA 5 meM una astikAyoMko vividha guNoM aura paryAyoMke sAtha astisvabhAva batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki yaha trailokya unhIMse banA huA hai| gA0 6 meM una astikAyoMko nitya aura pariNamana zIla batalAkara dravya batalAyA hai| astikAya to pA~cahI hai kintu dravya cha haiM, unameM kAla bhI sammilita hai / gAthA 7 meM batalAyA hai ki ye chahoM dravya isa lokameM parasparameM hile mile rahate hue bhI, aura eka dUsareko parasparameM jagaha dete hue bhI apane-apane svabhAvako nahIM chor3ate haiM / isa taraha sAta gAthAoMke dvArA jaina siddhAntake anusAra isa vizvake mUlabhUta tattvoMke nAma, unakI sAmAnya saMjJA dravya, aura unake astitva, svabhAva tathA avasthitiko saMkSepameM batalAkara kundakundAcAryane Age sattA, dravya, guNa aura paryAyakA kathana kiyA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jaise samayasArakA pratipAdana karate hue unake sAmane upaniSadoMmeM pratipAdita advaita siddhAnta tathA sAMkhya darzanakI prakriyA thI vaise hI paJcAstikAyakA pratipAdata karate samaya vaizeSika darzanakI prakriyA unake sAmane thii| vaizeSika darzanameM satsAmAnya sattAko dravyase judA mAnA gayA hai / gAthA 8 meM sattAkA svarUpa batalAkara gA0 9 meM unhoMne dravyako sattAse ananyabhUta batalAyA hai / gA0 10 meM dravyake tIna lakSaNa batalAye hai-jo sat hai vaha dravya hai, jo utpAda vyaya dhrauvyase saMyukta hai vaha dravya hai aura jo guNa aura paryAyoMkA Azraya hai vaha dravya hai / gA0 11 meM batalAyA hai ki dravyakI na to utpatti hotI hai aura na vinAza / kintu paryAyoMkA utpAda aura vinAza hotA hai / aura paryAya dravyase ananyabhUta haiM kyoMki na paryAyake binA dravya hotA hai aura na dravyake binA paryAya hotI haiM / / 12 // isI taraha dravyake binA guNa nahIM hote aura guNoMke vinA dravya nahIM hotaa| ataH dravya guNa paryAya ye saba abhinna hai // 13 // gAthA 14 meM saptabhaMgIke sAta bhaMgoMke kevala nAma ginAye haiM aura unake prakAzameM gA0 15 se 21 taka sAta gAthAoMke dvArA dravyake bhAva, abhAva, bhAvAbhAva aura abhAvakA nirUpaNa dravya dRSTi aura paryAya dRSTise kiyA hai / gItA (2 / 16) meM kahA hai-'nAsato vidyate bhAvo nAbhAvo vidyate sataH' / kundakunda bhI kahate haiM-'bhAvassa patthi NAso patthi abhAvassa ceva uppAdo' // 15 // kintu yaha bAta dravya dRSTise hai / saduccheda aura asadutpAdake binA bhI guNoM aura paryAyoMmeM vinAza aura utpAda hotA hai| jaise eka dehI manuSya paryAya

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 213 ko chor3akara deva ho jAtA hai| yahA~ jIvatvakA na to utpAda hotA hai aura na vinAza // 17 // kintu usa jIvakI manuSya paryAya naSTa hotI hai aura devaparyAya utpanna hotI hai // 18 // isa taraha sat jIvakA na vinAza hotA hai aura na utpAda // 19 // isa taraha dravyoMkA sAmAnya kathana karake Age unakA vizeSa kathana kiyA hai| jIva-gA0 27meM jIvako cetayitA, upayogavAlA, prabhu, kartA, bhoktA, zarIra pramANa, AkAra vAlA, mUrta aura karma saMyukta batalAyA hai aura gA0 28-29 meM likhA hai ki vaha jIva karma malase mukta hokara lokake antameM jAkara virAjamAna ho jAtA hai aura sarvajJa sarvadarzI hokara atIndriya ananta sukhako bhogatAM hai / gAthA 30 se gAthA 27 meM kahe hue jIvatva, cetayitA Adi jovakI vizeSatAoMkA vyAkhyAna prArambha kiyA gayA hai| unase jIvake sambandha meM jaina sammata sabhI vizeSatAoMkA parijJAna ho jAtA hai| usImeM jIvake upayoga-jJAna darzana guNoM kA vyAkhyAna karate hue gAthA 44 se 52 taka dravyase guNoMke bhedAbhedakA sayuktika pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| likhA hai-yadi dravya guNoMse bhinna hai aura guNa dravyase bhinna hai to dravya ananta ho jAyeMge aura dravyakA abhAva ho jAyegA // 44 // dravya aura guNoMmeM ananyatva hai, anyatva aura vibhaktatva nahIM hai // 45 // jaise dhanake yogase dhanI hotA hai vaise jJAnake yogase jJAnI nahIM hotA // 47 // yadi jJAnIse jJAnako bhinna mAnA jAyegA to donoM jar3a ho jAyeMge // 48 // zAyada kahA jAya ki jJAna guNake sAtha samavAya sambandha honese jIva jJAnI kahA jAtA hai| kintu aisA mAnanese jIva svabhAvase ajJAnI ThaharatA hai // 49 // dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dravya aura guNoMkA astitva eka honeke kAraNa unameM jo sahavartIpanA hai vahI to samavAya hai| samavAya nAmakA koI svataMtra padArtha nahIM hai / ataH dravya aura guNoMmeM svabhAvase ayutasiddhi batalAI hai // 50 // pahale gAthA 15 meM dravya dRSTise kahA thA ki bhAvakA vinAza nahIM hotA aura abhAva kA utpAda nahIM hotaa| gA0 54 meM paryAya dRSTise kahA hai ki isa taraha sat jIvakA vinAza hotA hai aura asatkI utpatti hotI hai| ye donoM kathana paraspara meM viruddha pratIta hote hue bhI aviruddha haiM kyoMki donoM kathana do vibhinna dRSTiyoM se kiye gaye haiN| katatva-57 se jIvake kartRtva guNakA kathana prArambha hotA hai / gAthA 58 meM kahA hai ki karmake vinA jIvake audayika aupazamika Adi bhAva nahIM hote| ataH ye bhAva karmakRta haiN| isapara zaMkAkI gaI ki yadi jIvake audayika Adi bhAva karmakRta haiM to jIva kokA kartA ThaharatA hai / kintu jIva to apane bhAvoMke

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214 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa sivAya kisIkA bhI kartA nahIM hai // 59 // isakA uttara diyA gayA-jIvake audayika Adi bhAva karmoke nimittase hote haiM / aura karma jIvake bhAvoMke nimittase hote haiM / kintu paramArthase na to karma jIvake bhAvoMkA kartA hai aura na jIvake bhAva paudgalika karmoke kartA hai // 60 // karma apane kartA svayaM hai aura jIva bhI apane bhAvoMkA svayaM kartA hai / / 62 // taba punaH prazna huA ki yadi karma karmakA kartA hai aura jIva apane bhAvoMkA kartA hai to karmake kiye hue karmokA phala jIva kyoM bhogatA hai aura karma apanA phala kaise detA hai // 63 // isa ke uttarameM kahA gayA hai ki yaha loka pudgaloMse khacAkhaca bharA huA hai // 64 // usake bIcameM rahanevAlA jIva apane bhAvoMko karatA hai aura usake bhAvoMkA nimitta pAkara paudgalikakarma svabhAvase hI jIvake karmarUpa ho kara usase ba~dha jAte haiM // 65 // jaba unakA vipAka kAla AtA hai to jIvako unakA phala bhoganA par3atA hai // 67 // ataH karma nizcayase kevala apanA kartA hai aura vyavahArase jIvake bhAvoMkA kartA hai / isI taraha AtmA bhI nizcayase apane bhAvoMkA kartA hai aura vyavahArase karmokA kartA hai| kintu bhoktA to akelA jIva hI hai kyoMki vaha cetana hai // 68 // pudgala-gAthA 74 se 82 taka pudgala dravyakA kathana kiyA gayA hai| gAthA 76 meM pudgalake cha bheda batalAye haiN| kintu una cha bhedoMko batalAnevAlI gAthA jayasenakI TIkAmeM to hai kintu amRta candrakI TIkAmeM nahIM hai / gAthA 77, 78, 80 aura 81 ke dvArA paramANukA svarUpa batalAyA hai| 'saba skandhoMkA jo anta hai vahI paramANu hai / vaha paramANu zAzvata hai, azabda rUpa hai, eka aura avibhAgI hai tathA mUrtika hai // 77 // vaha paramANu pRthvI, jala agni aura vAyukA kAraNa hai arthAt eka jAtIya paramANuse hI cAro utpanna hote haiM, pariNamanakI vicitratAke kAraNa kisImeM koI guNa vyakta hotA hai to kisImeM avyakta // 78 // usameM eka rasa, eka rUpa, eka gaMdha aura do sparza rahate haiN| usIse zabdakI niSpatti hotI hai / arthAt zabda podgalika hai / / 81 / / antameM likhA hai-'indriyoMke dvArA jo kucha bhoganemeM AtA hai, tathA indriya, zarIra, mana, karma Adi jo bhI mUrtika padArtha haiM ve saba pudgala haiM // 82 // dharmadravya aura adharmadravya-gAthA 83 se 89 taka dharmadravya aura adharmadravyakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| ina donoM dravyoMmeM na rasa hai, na rUpa hai, na varNa hai, na gandha hai aura na sparza hai / donoM samasta lokameM vyApta haiM / nitya haiM / dharmadravya jIva aura pudgaloMkI gatimeM vaise hI nimitta hai jaise machaliyoMke liye jala / aura adharmadravya unake ThaharanemeM vaisA hI nimitta hai jaise pRthvii| una donoMke sadbhAvase hI jIvoM aura pudgaloMkI gati aura sthiti hotI hai| aura unhIMke

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 215 kAraNa AkAzake loka aura aloka vibhAga kAyama hai| kintu ye donoM dravya na to svayaM gatizIla haiM aura na anya dravyoMkI gatike preraka haiN| ina do dravyoMkI isa rUpameM mAnyatA jaina darzanake sivAya kisI anya darzanameM nahIM hai| AkAza dravya-jo saba jIvoMko saba pudgaloMko tathA anya sabako avagAha detA hai vaha AkAza hai // 90 // jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma Adi dravya to kevala lokameM hI pAye jAte haiN| kintu AkAza to ananta hai / vaha lokameM bhI pAyA jAtA hai aura usase bAhara bhI pAyA jAtA hai // 91 // 92 gA0 se 95 gAthA taka isa AzaMkAkA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai ki gati aura sthitikA kAraNa yadi AkAza hI ko mAnA jAye to kyA hAni hai ? isa AzaMkAkA samAdhAna isa Agamika mAnyatAke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai ki jIvakA svabhAva urdhva gamana hai aura mukta jIva Upara jAkara lokake agrabhAgameM ruka jAtA hai| likhA hai ki yadi AkAza gamana aura sthitikA kAraNa hai to siddha jIva Upara jAkara lokake agrabhAgameM hI kyoM Thahara jAte haiM // 92 // cUMki jinendra devane siddhoM kA sthAna Upara lokake agrabhAgameM batalAyA hai ataH AkAza yadi gati aura sthitikA kAraNa ho to loka AlokakA bheda nahIM raha sktaa| AkAza, kAla, jIva, dharma adharma amUrtika haiM, kevala pudgala mUrtika hai / akelA jIva dravya cetana hai // 97 // jIva aura pudgala sakriya haiM, zeSa dravya niSkriya haiM // 98 // kAla dravya-gAthA 100 aura 101 meM kAla dravyakA svarUpa batalAyA hai| isa taraha prathama zrutaskandha athavA mahAdhikArameM chai dravyoMkA kathana hai| dUsaremeM nau padArthoMkA kathana hai| ve nau padArtha hai-jIva ajIva, puNya pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa / gAthA 109 se 123 taka jIvake bheda prabhedoMkA kathana hai / mUla bheda do haisaMsArI aura mukta / saMsArI sazarIra hote haiM aura mukta azarIra hote haiM // 109 // saMsArIke bhI do bheda haiM sthAvara aura trasa / sthAvara jIvoMke pAMca bheda haiMpRthivI kAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika / ina sabake kevala eka sparzana indriya hotI hai| isaliye ye saba ekendriya hote haiM // 112 // zaMkha, sIpa, laTa vagairaha jIva do indriya hote haiM kyoMki ve sparza aura rasako hI jAnate haiM // 114 // vicchu, cIMTI, jUM, khaTamala vagairaha jIva sparza, rasa aura gandhako jAnate haiM isaliye ve tIna indriyavAle hote haiM // 115 / / DAMsa, macchara, makkhI, bhaurA, Adi sparza, rasa, gandha, aura rUpa ko jAnate haiM isaliye ve saba cauindriya haiM // 116 // manuSya, deva, nArakI, pazu, pakSI, vagairaha sparza, rasa,

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216 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa gandha, rUpa aura zabdako jAnate haiM isaliye ve paJcandriya haiM // 117 // Age likhA hai-indriyAM jIva nahIM haiM, aura na pRthivI Adi rUpa jo zarIra hai vahI jIva hai| kintu usameM jo jAnane dekhane vAlA hai vahI jIva hai // 121 // jIva sabako jAnatA dekhatA hai, sukhakI icchA karatA hai, duHkha se DaratA hai / hita athavA ahita karatA hai aura usakA phala bhogatA hai // 122 // jo sukha dukhakA anubhava nahIM karatA, na hitameM pravRtti karatA hai aura na ahitase DaratA hai, use zramaNa ajIva kahate haiM // 125 / / saMsAra cakrakA varNana karate hue likhA hai-saMsArI jIva rAga dveSa rUpa pariNAma karatA hai| pariNAmoMse karmabandha hotA hai| karmakA udaya honese naraka Adi gatiyoMmeM janma lenA hotA hai| janma lenese zarIra milatA hai| zarIrameM indriyAM hotI haiN| indriyoMse vaha viSayoMko bhogatA hai| usase rAga dveSa hotA hai / isa taraha saMsArakA cakra calA karatA hai // 129-130 // karma mUrtika haiM-cUMki karmakA phala sukha dukha viSayake dvArA milatA hai aura viSaya mUrtika hai| usa viSayako jIva mUrtika indriyoMke dvArA bhogatA hai / ataH karma mUrtika haiM / / 133 // puNyAsrava aura pApAsava-jisake cittameM dayA bhAva hai, kAlimA nahIM hai, prazasta rAga haiM usake puNyakarmokA Asrava hotA hai / / 135 / / pramAdI AcaraNa, kaluSatA, viSayoMmeM lolupatA Adi honese pApa karmakA Asrava hotA hai // 139 // saMvara-indriya, kaSAya aura saMjJAoMkA nigraha karanese pApakA AnA ruka jAtA hai // 141 // jisa sukha dukhameM sama bhAva rakhane vAle bhikSuke saba dravyoMmeM rAga dveSa aura moha nahIM rahatA, usake na puNya karmakA Asrava hotA hai aura na pApa karmakA Asrava hotA hai // 142 // nirjarA-jo saMvarako karake tapasyA karatA hai / AtmAko jAnakara usakA dhyAna karatA hai usake bahutase karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai // 144-145 / / bandha-yadi yaha jIva karmake udayase hone vAle rAga dveSa rUpa pariNAmoMko karatA hai to vaha paudgalika karmose baMdhatA hai // 147 // yogake dvArA jIva koko grahaNa karatA hai ora yoga mana bacana aura kAyase hotA hai / tathA bhAvake nimittase jIva kokA baMdha karatA hai aura ve bhAva rAga dveSa aura moha rUpa hote hai / / 149 / / mokSa-jaba jJAnIke karmabandhake kAraNa bhUta rAga dveSa aura moharUpa bhAva nahIM hote to usake karmoMkA Asrava nahIM hotaa| Asravake abhAvameM karmakA bandha nahIM hotA / taba vaha sarvajJa sarvadarzI hokara atIndriya sukhako bhogatA hai / / 154-151 // isa taraha jo saMvarase yukta hotA hai, saba karmokI nirjarA karatA hai vaha vedanIya, Ayu nAma aura gotra karmakA bhI abhAva karake mukta ho jAtA hai // 153 //

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 217 isa taraha nau padArthokA svarUpa batalAkara mokSake mArga samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrakA kathana kiyA hai| dharma AdikA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai| aMgoM aura pUrvoko jAnanA samyagjJAna hai / tapasyA karanA samyakcAritra hai| ye tInoM vyavahAra rUpa mokSamArga haiM // 160 // aura nizca yanayase una tInoMse samAhita AtmA hI mokSakA mArga hai // 161 // Age likhA hai-yadi koI jJAnI ajJAnavaza aisA mAnatA hai ki ahaMtAdikI bhaktise mokSa hotA hai to vaha parasamayarata hai // 165 // kyoMki arahaMtAdikI bhaktise puNya karmakA bandha hotA hai, kokA kSaya nahIM hotA // 166 // jisake cittameM paravastuke prati aNumAtra bhI rAga hai vaha samasta AgamoMkA jJAtA honepara bhI AtmAke yathArtha svarUpako nahIM jAnatA // 167 // ataH mumukSuko niHsaMga hokara aura mamattvako tyAgakara siddhoMkI bhakti karanA cAhiye / usIse nirvANakI prApti hotI hai // 169 // 2. pravacanasAra paJcAstikAyakI taraha pravacanasArake bhI do mUla pAye jAte haiN| eka amRtacandrakI TIkAke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai aura eka jayasenAcAryakI TIkAke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai| amRtacandra ke anusAra pravacanasAra tIna zrutaskandhoMmeM vibhAjita hai| prathamameM jJAnatattvakA, dUsare meM jJeya tattvakA aura tIsaremeM caraNa tattvakA vivecana hai| tathA tInoMmeM kramase 92, 108 aura 75 gAthAeM haiN| isa taraha amRtacandrake anusAra pravacanasArakI gAthA saMkhyA 275 hai / jayasenane bhI amRtacandrake dvArA apanAye gaye tIna vibhAgoMko svIkAra karate hue unheM mahAdhikAra saMjJA dI hai| kintu unameM gAthA saMkhyA kramase 101, 113 aura 97 hai| isa taraha jayasenake anusAra pravacanasArakI gAthA saMkhyA - granthake tIna vibhAga kundakunda dvArA kiye gaye ho sakate hai| antake tIsare vibhAgake AdimeM jinendra RSabhadevako namaskAra kiye jAnese usa vibhAgakA pRthaktva spaSTa hI hai| dUsare vibhAgake AdimeM jayasenavAle pAThameM namaskArAtmaka gAthA hai vaha gAthA amRtacandrAcAryavAle pAThameM nahIM hai| phira bhI viSayakI dRSTise donoMkA pRthaktva vyakta hotA hai / - yadyapi antima gAthAmeM 'pavayaNasAra' nAma prakArAntarase diyA gayA hai kintu paJcAstikAyakI taraha na to isameM spaSTa rUpase granthakA nAmollekha hI kiyA gayA hai aura na usake racanekI preraNA AdikA hI koI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / isa granthakA prArambha gAthA paMcakase hotA hai| prathama gAthAmeM dharmatIrthake

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218 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kartA varddhamAnako, dUsarI gAthAmeM zeSa tIrthaGkaroMko, tIsarI gAthAmeM manuSyalokameM vartamAna arahantoMko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / cauthI-pA~cavIM gAthAmeM kahA hai ki arahaMtoM, siddhoM, gaNadharoM (AcAryoM), adhyApaka vargoM (upAdhyAyoM) aura saba sAdhuoMko namaskAra karake, unake vizuddha darzana jJAna pradhAna Azramako prApta karake maiM samyabhAvako dhAraNa karatA hU~ jisase nirvANakI prApti hotI hai / isa taraha granthakArane apane vyAjase sarAga cAritrameM sthita zramaNoMko bItarAga caritrameM sthira karaneke liye isa granthakI racanA kI pratIta hotI hai| Age gAthA 6 meM kahA hai ki darzana jJAna pradhAna cAritrase mokSakI prApti hotI hai| gAthA 7 meM kahA hai ki cAritra dharma hai aura dharma sAmyabhAvakA nAma hai / tathA moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmAke pariNAmako sAmya kahate haiM / ataH granthakArane vItarAga caritrarUpa sAmyabhAvako hI dharma kahA hai| vahI upAdeya hai| gAthA 9 meM jIvake bhAva tIna prakArake batalAye haiM-zubha, azubha aura zuddha / gAthA 11 meM kahA hai ki dharmAcaraNa karanevAlA AtmA yadi zuddha bhAva karatA hai to use mokSa milatA hai aura yadi zubha bhAva karatA hai to use svarga prApta hotA hai| aura yadi azubha bhAva karatA hai to saMsArameM duHkha uThAnA par3atA hai // 12 // zuddhopayoga aura usakA phala-zuddhopayogakA phala usa anupama ananta avinAzI sukhakI prApti hai jo sukha viSayoMse prApta na hokara AtmAse hI utpanna hotA hai // 13 // tathA vaha zuddhopayogI jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, antarAya aura mohanIya karmoko naSTa karake sarvajJa sarvadarzI ho jAtA hai // 15 // use kevalajJAnI kahate haiM / usake zArIrika sukha duHkha nahIM hote // 20 // vaha kevalI vizvake padArthIko hamalogoMkI taraha kramase nahIM jAnate / ataH vaha dravyoMkI saba paryAyoMko pratyakSa jAnate haiM // 21 // koI bhI vastu unase ajJAta nahIM rahatI // 22 // isakA kAraNa unhoMne yaha batalAyA hai ki AtmA jJAna svarUpa hai| upaniSad vagairahameM AtmAko sarvagata (vyApaka) kahA hai / kundakundane bhI use jJAnarUpase vyApaka batalAte hue likhA hai-AtmA jJAna ke barAbara hai aura jJAna jJeyoMke barAbara hai| jJeya samasta lokAloka hai / ataH jJAna sarvagata hai / / 23 // jo AtmAko jJAna pramANa nahIM mAnate usake matase AtmA jJAnase yA to bar3A huA yA choTA huA // 24 // yadi AtmA jJAnase choTA hai to AtmAke binA acetana jJAna padArthoMko kaise jAna sakatA hai / yadi AtmA jJAnase bar3A hai to jJAnake binA AtmA kaise jAna

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 219 sakatA hai // 25 // gItA' (9|4)meN zrIkRSNane apaneko sarvajagatameM vyApta batalAyA hai tathA sarva bhUtoMko apane meM sthita batalAyA hai| kundakundane jinavara vRSabhako jJAna rUpase sarvagata batalAyA hai aura jagatake saba padArthoMko viSaya rUpase jinavara vRSabhake jJAnagata batalAyA hai // 26 // kintu isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki jJAna arthoke pAsa jAtA hai yA artha jJAnameM A jAte haiN| jaise cakSu rUpase AviSTa nahIM hotI aura na rUpa hI cakSumeM praviSTa hotA hai| phira bhI cakSu rUpako jAnatI hai| vaise hI jJAnI na to jJeyoMse AviSTa hotA hai aura na jJeya hI jJAnameM praviSTa hote haiN| phira bhI jJAnI vinAindriyoMkI sahAyatAke azeSa jagatako jAnatA hai // 28-29 // jo jAnatA hai vaha jJAna hai / jJAnake yogase AtmA jJAyaka nahIM hai (jaisA vaizeSika mAnate haiM) / AtmA hI svayaM jJAna rUpa pariNamana karatA hai // 35 // ataH jIva hI jJAna rUpa hai yA jJAna jIva rUpa hai aura jJeya bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAnake bhedase tIna prakAra kA hai // 36 // jitanI bhUta aura bhAvi paryAyeM haiM ve saba sarvajJa ke jJAnameM vartamAnakI taraha prati bhAsita hotI haiM // 37 // yadi sarvajJakA jJAna atIta aura anAgata paryAyoMko nahIM jAnatA to kauna use divya jJAna kahegA // 39 // jo jJAna sapradezI, apradezI, mUrta, amUrta, atIta, anAgata Adi sabako jAnatA hai usI jJAnako atIndriya kahate haiM // 41 // isa tarahase kundakundane sarvajJatAkA bar3e vistArase sayuktika samarthana kiyA hai / aura Age jaina AgamoMke 'je egaM jANai se savvaM jANai / je savvaM jANai se egaM jANai', (AcArAga 1-3-4-122) ke anusAra likhA hai 'jo triloka aura trikAlavartI padArthoMko eka eka sAtha nahIM jAnatA vaha samasta paryAya viziSTa eka dravya (AtmA)ko bhI nahIM jAna sakatA // 48 // tathA jo ananta paryAya sahita eka dravya (AtmA)ko nahIM jAnatA vaha saba dravyoMko eka sAtha kaise jAna sakatA hai // 49 // jaina (jinasambandhI) jJAna trikAlavartI tathA trilokavartI nAnA prakArake vicitra padArthoMko eka sAtha jAnatA hai / aho, jJAnakA mAhAtmya adbhuta hai // 51 // indriya sukhakA sAdhana indriya jJAnako heya batalAte hue likhA-indriyoMke viSaya sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa aura zabda rUpa paudgalika dravya haiN| inako bhI indriyAM eka-eka karake jAnatI haiM // 56 // phira ve indriyAM para haiM Atma rUpa nahIM haiN| 1. 'mayA tatamidaM sarva jgdvyktmuurtinaa| matsthAni sarvabhUtAni na cAhaM teSvavasthitaH ||4||-giitaa0 a0 9 / 2. savvagado jiNavasaho savve vi ya taggayA jagadi aTThA / NANamayAdo ya jiNo visayAdo tassa te bhaNiyA ||26||-pr0 sA0 /

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220 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa unake dvArA jo jJAna hotA hai use AtmAkA pratyakSa jJAna kaise kaha sakate haiN|||56|| jo parakI sahAyatAse jJAna hotA hai use parokSa kahate haiM aura jo kevala jIvake dvArA jAnA gayA ho use pratyakSa kahate haiM // 58 // aisA jJAna hI sukha rUpa hotA hai // 59 / / ataH kevala jJAna sukha svarUpa hai| indriya janya sukha heya hai gAthA 63 Adise indriya janya sukhako heya batalAkara sukhako AtmAkA hI guNa batalAyA hai| likhA hai-indriyoMke dvArA iSTa viSayoMko prApta karake yaha AtmA svayaM hI sukha rUpa pariNamana karatA hai // 65 // aura jaba AtmA svayaM sukha rUpa hai to viSaya usameM kyA kara sakate haiM // 67 // jaise sUrya svabhAvase hI tejasvI aura uSNa hotA hai usI prakAra siddha parameSThI bhI jJAnasvarUpa aura sukha svarUpa hote haiM // 6 // Age indriyasukha sampannoMmeM sarvopari devatAoMko bhI duHkhI batalAkara likhA hai jo sukha parakI sahAyatAse prApta hokara punaH chUTa jAtA hai, karmabandhakA kAraNa hai, ghaTatA bar3hatA rahatA hai, aisA indriyoMse prApta hone vAlA sukha duHkha rUpa hI hai // 76 // isa tarahakA sukha zubhopayogase prApta hotA hai / ataH indriya sukhake sAdhana zubhopayogako bhI heya batalAkara zuddhopayogake lie hI yatna karanekA upadeza diyA hai; kyoMki zuddhopayogake dvArA hI mohako naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / dUsare jJeya tattvAdhikArameM paJcAstikAyakI taraha hI katipaya vizeSatAoMko liye hue dravyoMkA kathana hai| isameM gAthA 8 se 12 taka utpAda vyaya aura dhrauvyakA varNana hai| tInoMkA parasparameM avinAbhAva batalAkara unheM dravyase abhinna batalAyA hai / tathA tInoMko ekakSaNavartI batalAyA hai| gAthA 13 dise sattA aura dravyameM guNaguNI bhAva batalAkara sattAko dravyase abhinna batalAyA hai / aura isa taraha guNa-guNI meM vaizeSikake dvArA mAne gaye bhedakA nirAsa kiyA hai| gAthA 23 meM saptabhaMgIkA kathana hai| isameM paJcAstikAyase vizeSatA yaha hai ki paJcAstikAyameM avaktavyako caturthabhaMga batalAyA hai / isameM use tIsarA bhaMga batalAyA hai| Age calakara ina donoMkA ullekha vibhinna dArzanika granthoMmeM milatA hai| gA0 31 Adi meM cetanAke jJAna cetanA, karma cetanA aura karmaphala cetanA, Ina tIna bhedoMkA tathA unake svarUpakA kathana hai| isa taraha cautIsa gAthAoMke dvArA dravya sAmAnyakA varNana karake Age dravyoMke chahoM bhedoMkA kramase vizeSa kathana kiyA gayA hai / phira gAthA 53 se jIvakA vizeSa kathana hai / usameM kahA hai-'na

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 221 maiM zarIra hai, na mana hU~, na bacana hU~, na unakA kAraNa hU~, na unakA kartA hU~, na kArayitA hU~ aura na anumantA hU~ // 68 // zarIra, mana, vacana pudgaladravyarUpa haiN| aura pudgaladravya paramANuoMkA piNDa hai // 69 // ___phira paramANukA anya paramANuke sAtha kaise bandha hotA hai isakA vivecana hai| paramANumeM pAye jAne vAle snigdha aura rUkSa guNa hI paramANuko paramANuke sAtha bandha karAnemeM kAraNa hote haiN| taba yaha prazna huA ki snigdha aura rUkSa guNake kAraNa eka paramANukA dUsare paramANuke sAtha bandha ho sakatA hai kintu AtmA to amUrtika hai usake sAtha paudgalika karmokA bandha kaise hotA hai / / 81 // to usake uttarameM kahA gayA ki yadyapi AtmA rUpAdi guNa nahIM haiM, kintu vaha unheM jAnatA dekhatA hai aura jAna dekha kara unase rAga dveSa karatA hai, isa liye karmose baddha hotA hai| isa taraha Age bandha tattvakA upayogI vivecana hai jisakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki-'rAgIke karmokA bandha hotA hai aura virAgI karmabandhana se chUTa jAtA hai // 87 // ___ Age isameM bhI samayasArakI hI taraha AtmAko apane bhAvoMkA kartA aura paudgalika bhAvoMkA akartA batalAyA hai // 92 // tathA antameM cUMki zuddha nayase zuddha AtmAkI prApti hotI hai ataH usIko prApta karanekA upadeza kiyA gayA hai| tIsare adhikArameM zramaNoMke AcArakA varNana hai| prArambhameM hI zramaNa bananeke icchuka janako kyA karanA cAhiye aura kaise pravrajyA lenI cAhiye isakA kathana hai / gAthA 8 meM zramaNoMke 28 mUla guNa batalAye haiM / ve haiM-pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samitiyAM, pAMcoM indriyoMkA nirodha, kezoMkA loca, cha Avazyaka karma, acela, snAna na karanA, pRthvI para sonA, dantadhAvana na karanA, khar3e hokara bhojana karanA aura eka bAra, dinameM bhojana karanA / zvetAmvarasAhityameM ina mUla guNoMkI koI carcA nahIM hai| Age zramaNako kaise rahanA cAhiye, saMyamakA cheda hone para kaise usakA saMdhAraNa karanA cAhiye, zramaNa kise kahate haiM Adi sabhI Avazyaka evaM upayogI bAtoMkA isameM kathana hai| 3. niyamasAra niyamasAra para pamaprabha maladhArI devakI saMskRta TIkA hai / unhoMne isa granthako kundakunda racita batalAyA hai| sAtha hI isakA viSaya varNana tathA pratipAdana zailI kundakundake anya granthoMse bilkula mela khAtI hai / ataH isake kundakunda racita honemaeNraMca mAtra bhI sandehako sthAna nahIM hai /

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222 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa __TIkAkArake anusAra isakI gAthA saMkhyA 187 hai| jinheM unhoMne bAraha zruta skandhoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA hai| una zruta skandhoMke nAma isa prakAra hai-jIva, ajIva, zuddhabhAva, vyavahAra caritra, nizcaya pratikramaNa, nizcaya pratyAkhyAna, nizcaya AlocanA, nizcaya prAyazcita, parama samAdhi, parama bhakti, nizcaya Avazyaka, zuddhopayoga / jaise kundakundAcAryane samayasArakI prathama gAthAmeM siddhoMko namaskAra karake samaya pAhur3ako kahanekI pratijJA kI hai, vaise hI niyamasArakI prathama gAthAmeM vIra jinako namaskAra karake niyamasArako kahanekI pratijJA kI hai / udhara samayasArako zru takevalIbhaNita kahA hai, idhara niyamasArako kevalI aura zru takevalIke dvArA bhaNita kahA hai| Age gAthA 2, 3, 4 meM kahA hai ki jina zAsanameM mArga aura mArgake phalakA kathana kiyA hai / mokSake upAyako mArga kahate haiM aura usakA phala nirvANa hai // 2 // tathA niyamapUrvaka jo kiyA jAye use niyama kahate haiN| vaha niyama haisamyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra, mokSake upAyako niyama kahate haiM aura usakA phala hai paramanirvANa / ina tInoMkA hI kathana isa granthameM hai / ataH isakA nAma niyamasAra hai / samyagdarzana sabase prathama samyagdarzanakA varNana karate hue artha, Agama aura tattvoMke zraddhAnako samyakdarzana kahA hai| tathA kSudhA tRSA Adi doSoMse rahita paramAtmAko Apta kahA hai| aura unake mukhase nikale hue vacanoMko Agama tathA AgamameM kahe hue padArthoMko tattvArtha kahA hai / ve tattvArtha hai-jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, kAla, aura AkAza / ( gA0 5-9) jIvakA lakSaNa upayoga hai| upayoga do prakArakA hotA hai-jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga / jJAnopayogake bhI do prakAra haiM-svabhAva jJAna aura vibhAva jJAna / jo jJAna indriyAdiko sahAyatAke binA hotA hai vaha svabhAva jJAna hai| matijJAna Adi vibhAvajJAna haiN| darzanopayogake bhI svabhAva aura vibhAvakI apekSA do bheda haiM / cakSu, acakSu aura avadhi darzana vibhAvarUpa hai| kevala darzana svabhAva rUpa hai // 10-14 / paryAya bhI do prakArako hotI haiM-svabhAvaparyAya aura vibhAvaparyAya / manuSya, nArako, tiryaJca aura deva paryAya vibhAva paryAya hai| kopAdhi nirapekSa paryAyoMko svabhAva paryAya kahate haiM // 15 // pudgala dravyake varNanameM skandhake cha bheda batalAye haiM-atisthUla, sthUla, sthUlasUkSma, sUkSmasthUla, sUkSma aura ati sUkSma / paramANuko avibhAgI aura indriya

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tattvArthaviyayaka mUla sAhitya : 223 dvArA agrAhya batalAyA hai // 20-29 // isI taraha Age dharmAdidravyoMkA kathana kiyA hai| Age likhA hai ki kevala eka AtmA hI upAdeya hai jo ki karmajanya guNaparyAyoMse bhinna hai| zeSa saba heya hai // 38 // usI zuddha AtmAkA varNana samayasAra kI hI taraha yahA~ bhI kiyA gayA hai // 39-50 // Age vyavahAra cAritra aura nizcayacAritrakA kathana hai| cAritra-vyavahAra cAritra meM ahiMsA Adi pAMca mahAvratoMkA, tathA pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoMkA varNana hai // 56-68 / Age do gAthAoMse nizcayarUpa tIna guptiyoMkA varNana hai / phira pA~ca gAthAoMse (71-75)paMca parameSThI (arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu) kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| Age nizcaya cAritrakA kathana hai| sabase prathama AtmAko saba parabhAvoMse bhinna cintana karanekA upadeza haimaiM mArgaNA, guNasthAna, jIvasthAnarUpa nahIM huuN| na maiM unakA kartA, kArayitA yA anumantA hU~ // na maiM manuSya, deva, nArakI yA tiryaJcarUpa huuN| na unakA kartA, kArayitA yA anumantA huuN|| na maiM bAla, vRddha yA taruNa huuN| aura na unakA kartA, kArayitA yA anumantA hU~ / na maiM rAga, dveSa yA moharUpa huuN| na maiM unakA kartA kArayitA yA anumantA huuN|| na maiM kroSa, mAna, mAyA yA lobha rUpa huuN| na maiM unakA kartA, kAriyatA yA anumantA huuN| isa prakArakA bheda jJAna ho jAnepara jIva madhyastha hokara cAritrakA lAbha karatA hai / usa cAritrako dRr3ha karane ke liye pratikramaNa Adi kiye jAte haiM / ataH Age AcAryane pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna, AlocanA, prAyazcitta, kAyotsarga, paramasamAdhi, sAmAyika, parama bhakti ina chai AvazyakoMkA nizcayanayase svarUpa batalAyA hai| mUlAcArameM sAmAyika, caturvizatistava, bandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga, ye cha Avazyaka batalAyeM haiM / digambara paramparAke sAhityameM ye hI chai Avazyaka pracalita hai / zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bhI ye hI chai bheda mAnya haiM / inameM AlocanA nahIM hai| tathA parama bhaktike sthAnameM stuti aura bandanA haiM / ..---. ...... ---- 1. sAmAiya cauvIsatyaya, vaMdaNayaM paDikkamaNaM / paccakkhANaM ca tahA kAmao saggo havadi chaTTo ||15||-muulaacaa0, a07|

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224 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa isa taraha mUlAcArameM niyamasArase antara pAyA jAtA hai| kintu Avazyaka' niyukti' padakA vyAkhyAna karanevAlI gAthA donoMmeM eka hI hai| saMbhava hai vaha gAthA prAcIna ho aura donoM granthakAroMne use kisI prAcIna paramparAse grahaNa kiyA ho| 'Avazyaka' zabdakI jo vyutpatti niyamasAra tathA mUlAcArameM dI hai vaha zvetAmbarasAhityameM nahIM miltii| vahAM AvazyakakA pracalita artha hI pAyA jAtA hai jisakA karanA jarUrI ho| kintu ukta donoM granthoMmeM jo anyake bazameM nahIM hai vaha 'avaza' hai aura usakA jo karma hai vaha Avazyaka hai| arthAt AtmAdhIna vyaktike karaNIya karmako Avazyaka kahate haiN|' yaha artha bahuta hI upayukta hai / zvetAmbara sAhityameM nizcayadRSTikA kathana na honese zAyada vahA~ yaha lakSaNa nahIM pAyA jAtA / astu / __ pratikramaNasambandhI pAThoMko AcAryane vacanamaya pratikramaNa kahA hai aura unake pAThako svAdhyAya kahA hai // 153 / / aura kahA hai ki yadi zakti ho to dhyAnamaya hI pratikramaNAdi karanA caahiye| yadi zakti na ho to usakA zraddhAna hI karanA caahiye| kevala jJAna aura kevala darzana-niyamasArake antameM gAthA 158 se AcArya kundakundane kevala jJAna aura kevala darzanake sambandhameM mahattvapUrNa carcA Arambha kI hai| likhA hai-vyavahAranayase kevalI bhagavAna sabako jAnate dekhate haiM / kintu nizcayanayase kevala jJAnI AtmAko jAnate dekhate haiM // 158 // jaise sUryameM prakAza aura pratApa eka sAtha rahate haiM vaise hI kevala jJAnImeM jJAna aura darzana eka sAtha rahate haiM // 159 // AgamameM jJAnako para prakAzaka, darzanako sva prakAzaka tathA AtmAko svapara prakAzaka mAnA hai / kundakunda svAmIne isakI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki yadi aisA mAnate ho to jJAnase darzana bhinna ThaharatA hai kyoMki AgamameM darzanako para prakAzaka nahIM kahA hai // 161 / isI taraha AtmAko para prakAzaka mAnanese bhI 1. 'Na vaso avaso avasassa kamma AvassayaMti boSavvA / juttitti uvAprati ya hiravayavo hodi Nijjutti ||-ni0. sA0 122 gA0 / mUlA cA0-714 / 2. AvassayaM avassakaraNijjaM dhuva niggaho visohI ya / ajjhayaNachakka vaggo nAo ArAhaNA maggo // 872 // samaNeNa sAvaeNa ya avassakAyatrayaM havai jamhA / aMto aho nisissa u tahmA Avassaya nAma ||873||-vishe0 bhA0 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 225 AtmAse darzana bhinna ThaharatA hai // 162 // ataH vyavahAranayasa jaise jJAna aura AtmA para prakAzaka haiM vaise hI darzana bhI paraprakAzaka haiM // 164 / / tathA nizcayanayase jJAna aura AtmA svaprakAzaka hai ataH darzana bhI svaprakAzaka hai| isa taraha jJAna, darzana aura AtmAmeM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAra nayasa bhedAbhedakA kathana kiyA hai| Age punaH kahA hai-yadi koI aisA kahatA hai ki kevalI bhagavAna AtmasvarUpako jAnate haiM, lokAlokako nahIM jAnate to isameM kyA doSa hai // 166 / / isakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki-'jo mUrta amUrta, cetana acetana, sva aura para, sabako jAnatA hai, vahI jJAna atIndriya pratyakSa hotA hai // 167 / / punaH zaMkA kI hai ki yadi koI aisA kahatA hai ki kevalI bhagavAna lokAlokako jAnate haiM, apaneko nahIM jAnate, to isameM kyA doSa hai / / 169 / isake uttarameM kahA hai ki-jJAnasvarUpa jIva hai isaliye AtmA nizcayase AtmAko jAnatA hai| yadi vaha AtmAko nahIM jAnatA to jJAna AtmAse alaga ThaharatA hai / / 170 / / ataH AtmA jJAna hai aura jJAna AtmA hai / isaliye jJAna aura darzana donoM svapara prakAzaka haiM // 17 // kevalajJAnI icchApUrvaka nahIM jAnate dekhate, na icchApUrvaka calate-phirate aura bolate haiN| isaliye unakI ye kriyAe~ bandhakI kAraNa nahIM haiM // 172-175 // jaba kevalIke AyukarmakA kSaya hotA hai to zeSa karmoMkA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai / usake pazcAt ve zIghra hI eka samayameM lokake agrabhAgameM jAkara sthira ho jAte haiM // 176 // gAthA 177 se 183 taka nirvANakA kathana hai| nirvANa janma jarA aura maraNase rahita hai / akSaya aura avinAzI hai, puNya pApa aura punarAgamanase rahita hai| vahA~ AtmAmeM kevalajJAna, kevalasukha, kevalavIrya, kevaladarzana, tathA amUrtikatva aura sapradezatva rahate haiN| jahA~ taka dharmadravya hai vahIM taka jIva aura pudgala jA sakate haiM / ataH mukta jIva lokake agrabhAga taka jAkara hI Thahara jAtA hai| dasaNa pAhuDa-dasaNa pAhuNa yA darzana prAbhRtameM 36 gAthAeM haiN| isameM samyagdarzanakA varNana hai| vyavahAranayase jIvAdi padArthoMkA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai| aura nizcayanayase AtmAkA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana / ( gA0 20 ) yaha samyagdarzana mokSakI pahalI sIr3hI hai // 21 // jo samyagdarzanase bhraSTa hai vahI bhraSTa hai| use nirvANakI prApti nahIM ho sakatI // 3 // samyagdarzanase

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226 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa bhraSTa sAdhu kitanA hI kaThora tapazcaraNa kareM, karor3oM varSa bItanepara bhI unheM bodhilAbha nahIM ho sakatA // 4 // asaMyamIko namaskAra nahIM karanA cAhiye / asaMyamI nagna bhI ho to bhI namaskAra nahIM karanA cAhiye // 26 // na to zarIra bandanIya hai, na kula aura na jAti / guNa hI vandanIya hai| jo guNahIna hai vaha zramaNa ho athavA zrAvaka ho, vandanIya nahIM hai // 27 // ityAdi kathana kiyA hai / ___ kundakundAcAryake anya pAhur3oMmeM tathA bAraha aNuvekkhA, dazabhakti vagairahameM tattvase adhika, AcArakA pratipAdana hai| ataH unake sambandhameM caraNAnuyoga vaSayaka mAhityameM prakAza DAlA jAyagA / AcArya gRddhapiccha aura unakA tattvArtha sUtra zravaNavelagolAke zilAlekha naM0 40, 42, 43, 47 aura 50 meM AcArya kuindakundake smaraNake pazcAt nIce likhA zloka pAyA jAtA hai abhUdumAsvAtimunIzvaro'sAvAcAryazabdottaragRddhapicchaH / tadanvaye tatsadRzo'sti nAnyastAtkAlikAzeSapadArthavedI // 7 // arthAt AcArya kundakunda ke anvayameM gRpicchAcArya umAsvAti munIzvara hue / tatkAlIna azeSa padArthoMkA jAnakAra unake samAna dUsarA nahIM hai| zravaNavelagolAke hI zilAlekha naM0 105 aura 108 meM inhI umAsvAti ko tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAyA hai / yathA zrImAnumAsvAtirayaM yatIzastatvArthasUtraM prakaTIcakAra / yanmuktimArgAcaraNodyatAnAM pAtheyamadhyaM bhavati prajAnAm // 15 // -zi0 naM0 105 / abhUdumAsvAtimuniH pavitre vaMze tadIye sakalArthavedI / sUtrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArthajAtaM munipuMgavena / / 11 // -zi0 naM0 108 / 'aipigrAfiyA karNATikA' kI 8vIM jildameM prakAzita nagara tAllukeke 46veM zilAlekhameM bhI umAsvAtiko tattvArthasUtrakA kartA tathA zrutakevalidezIya batalAyA hai yathA 'ta vArthasUtrakartAramumAsvAtimunIzvaram / zrutakevalidezoyaM vande'haM guNamandiram / " zubhacandrAcAryane apanI gurvAvalImeM bhI kundakundake pazcAt umAsvAtikA smaraNa karate hue unheM tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAyA hai / yathA

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 227 tattvArthasUtrakartRtvaprakaTIkRtasanmanAH / umAsvAtipadAcAryoM mithyAtvatimirAMzumAn // 5 // -jai0 si0 bhA0 1, ki0 4, pR0 51 / ukta zilAlekhoMse prakaTa hotA hai ki kundakundAcAryake pazcAt unake anvaya meM umAsvAti nAmake AcArya hue aura unhoMne tattvArthasUtrakI' racanA kI / kintu digambara jaina paramparAmeM tattvArthasUtrake racayitA umAsvAmI nAmase hI prasiddha haiN| mUla tattvArthasatrakI jo likhita pratiyAM pAI jAtI haiM unake antameM prAyaH yaha zloka pAyA jAtA hai tattvArthasUtrakartAraM gRddhapicchopalakSitam / vande gaNIndrasaMjAtamumAsvAmimunIzvaram / / isameM tattvArthasUtrake kartAkA nAma umAsvAmI batalAyA hai aura unheM gRddhapicchase yukta kahA hai| arthAt vaha gRddha ke paMkhoMkI pIchI rakhate the| isIse zravaNavelagolAke zilAlekhoMmeM unheM gRpicchAcArya kahA hai| vikramakI solahavIM zatAbdIke TIkAkAra zrutasAgarane apanI tattvArthavRtti meM bhI tattvArtha sUtrake kartAkA nAma umAsvAmI likhA hai / tathA audArya cintAmaNi nAmake apane vyAkaraNa granthameM 'zrImAnumAprabhuranantara pUjyapAdaH' likhakara 'umA' ke sAtha 'prabhu' zabda lagAkara umAsvAmI nAmako aura bhI adhika spaSTa ka diyA hai| __ zrI mAn paM0 jugala kizorajI mukhtArane yaha saMbhAvanA vyakta kI hai rika 1. tattvArthasUtrake racayitA ke viSayameM likhe gaye sAhityakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai-paM0 sukhalAla jI dvArA likhita tattvArthasUtrakI prastAvanA, paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra likhita samanta bhadra nAmaka nibaMdhake antargata umAsvAti viSayaka kAla vicAra, bhA0 jJA0 pIThase prakAzita sarvArtha siddhikI paM0 phUlacandrajI likhita prastAvanA / paM0 kailAzacandra likhita tattvArthasUtrakI prstaavnaa| anekAnta varSa 1, meM 'tattvArthasUtrake kartA kundakunda' pR0198, 'umAsvAti yA umAsvAmI' pR0 269, tattvArthasUtra kI utpatti pR0 270 / ane0, varSa 3, meM-'tattvArthAdhigama bhASya' pR0 304; 623, 307. 121 / anekAnta varSa 4, meM-pR0 17, 249, 283 / ane, varSa 5 meM-tattvArthasUtrakA antaHparIkSaNa pR0 51 / ane0, varSa 9, sthopajJa bhASya, pR0 641, umAsvAtikA sabhASya tattvArtha jai0 sA0 i0 pR0 521-547 / tattvArthasUtrakI paramparA-jai0 si0 bhA0, varSa 12 ki0 1-2 /

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228 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa umAsvAtikI jagaha 'umAsvAmI' yaha nAma zrutasAgarakA nirdeza kiyA huA hai kyoMki Apane likhA hai ki vikramakI 16vIM zatAbdIse pahalekA aisA koI grantha athavA zilAlekha Adi abhItaka mere dekhane meM nahIM AyA jisameM tattvArtha sUtrake kartAkA nAma umAsvAmI likhA ho / zruta sAgarajIne apanI tattvArthavRttimeM umAsvAmIkI svAmisaMjJA kyoM thI, isake sambandha nItisArake kucha zloka uddhRta kiye haiN| unameM eka zloka isa prakAra hai 'tattvArthasUtra vyAkhyAtA svAmIti paripaThyate' isameM tattvArtha sUtrake vyAkhyAtAko svAmI kahA hai| zAyada isIparase zrutasAgarajIne tattvArtha sUtrake kartAko umAsvAmI nAma denA ucita samajhA ho; kyoMki umAke sAtha svAti nAmakI saMgati nahIM baitthtii| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAmeM eka mAtra umAsvAti nAma hI sarvamAnya hai| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrakA jo pATha pracalita hai usapara eka bhASya bhI hai jise svopajJa mAnA jAtA hai| usakI antima prazastimeM bhI granthakArakA nAma umAsvAti diyA hai aura likhA hai ki svAti unake pitAkA nAma thaa| zrI paM0 sukhalAlajIne tattvArthasUtrakI apanI bhUmikAmeM yaha siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai ki umAsvAti digambara paramparAke nahIM the kintu zvetAmbara paramparAke the / 'umAsvAti digambara paramparAke nahIM the' aisA nizcaya karaneke lie unhoMne nIce likhI dalIle dI haiM 1. prazastimeM sUcitakI huI ucca nAgara zAkhA yA nAgara zAkhAke digambara sampradAyameM honekA eka bhI pramANa nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| 2. kAla kisIke matase vAstavika dravya hai, aisA sUtra (5 / 38) aura usake bhASyakA varNana digambara pakSa (5 / 39) ke viruddha hai| kevalImeM (9 / 11) gyAraha parISaha honekI sUtra aura bhASyagata sIdhI mAnyatA evaM bhASyagata vastra-pAtrAdikA spaSTa ullekha bhI digambara paramparAke viruddha hai| siddhoMmeM liMga dvAra aura tIrthadvArakA bhASyagata vaktavya digambara paramparAse ulTA hai / 3. bhASyameM kevala jJAnake pazcAt kevaloke dUsarA upayoga mAnane na mAnanekA jo mantavya bheda (1 / 31) hai vaha digambara granthoMmeM nahIM dikhAI detA / tathA umAsvAtiko zvetAmbara paramparAkA siddha karaneke lie paMDitajIne nIce likhI dalIleM dI haiM1. 'saMsAriNAM grahaNaM pUrva kRtaM svAminA umaasvaaminaa| svAmIti saMjJA katham ? uktaM hi AcAryAdInAM lakSaNam-'-ta. vR0, pR0 87 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 229 1. prazasti meM ullikhita uncanAgarI zAkhA zvetAmbara paTTAvalImeM pAI jAtI hai / 2. amuka viSaya sambandhI matabheda yA virodha batalAte hue bhI koI aise prAcIna yA arvAcIna zvetAmbara AcArya nahIM pAye jAte jinhoMne digambarAcAryoMkI taraha bhASyako amAnya kiyA ho / 3. jise umAsvAtikI kRti rUpase mAnanemeM zaMkAkA avakAza nahIM, jo pUrvokta prakArase bhASya virodhI (?) hai, aise prazama rati granthameM munike vastra pAtrakA vyavasthita nirUpaNa dekhA jAtA hai, jise zvetAmbara paramparA nirvivAda rUpase svIkAra karatI hai / 4. umAsvAtike vAcaka vaMzakA ullekha aura usI vaMzameM honevAle anya AcAryoMkA varNana zvetAmbara paTTAvatriyoM pannavaNA aura nandIkI sthavirAvalImeM pAyA jAtA hai / isa taraha paNDitajIne bhASya, usakI antima prazasti tathA prazamaratike AdhArapara umAsvAtiko zvetAmbara paramparAkA siddha kiyA hai aura digambara paramparAkA hone kA niSedha kiyA hai / mUla sUtroMke AdhArase vaha koI aise sabala pramANa upasthita nahIM kara sake jinase unakA racayitA zvetAmbara paramparAkA hI siddha hotA ho / pratyuta sUtroMmeM kaI aisI bAteM haiM jo zvetAmbara paramparAke pratikUla aura digambara paramparAke anukUla haiM / unakI carcA Age kI jAyegI / kintu zvetAmbara paramparAmeM tatvArtha sUtrake kartAkA nAma eka mAtra umAsvAti hI pAyA jAtA hai / zvetAmbara paramparAmeM tattvArthasUtrakA jo mUla pATha pracalita hai usapara eka bhASya bhI hai jise svopajJa mAnA jAtA hai / usake anta meM eka prazasti bhI hai jisameM granthakArane apanA pUrNa paricaya diyA hai / usameM usane apanA nAma umAsvAti diyA hai / vaha prazasti isa prakAra hai vAcakamukhyasya zivazriyaH prakAzayazasaH praziSyeNa / ziSyeNa ghoSanandikSamaNasyaikAdazAGgavidaH // 1 // vAcanayA ca mahAvAcakakSamaNamuNDapAdaziSyasya / ziSyeNa vAcakAcAryamUlanAmnaH prathitakIrteH // 2 // nyagrodhikAprasUtena viharatA puravare kusumanAmni / kobhISaNinA svAtitanayena vAtsIsutenA'rghyam // 3 // arhadvacanaM gurukrameNAgataM samupadhArya / duHkhArtaM ca durAgamavihatamati lokamavalokya // 4 //

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230 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa idamunca garavAcakena satvAnukampayA dRbdham / tattvArthAdhigamAkhyaM spaSTa mumAsvAtinA zAstram // 5 // arthAt-jo vAcaka mukhya ziva zrIke praziSya, gyAraha aMgadhArI ghoSanandi kSamaNake ziSya aura vAcanAse (vidyA grahaNakI dRSTise) mahAvAcaka kSamaNa muNDapAda ke praziSya tathA 'mUla' nAmake vAcakAcAryake ziSya the, jinakA janma nyagrodhikAmeM huA thA, jo uccanAgara zAkhAke the aura zreSThanagara kusuma purameM vihAra karate the, una umAsvAtine guruparamparAse prApta arhad vacanoMko bhale prakAra avadhAraNa karake, logoMko duHkhoMse pIr3ita aura durAgamoMse hatabuddhi dekhakara, prANiyoMkI anukampAse prerita hokara yaha tattvArthA dhigama nAmaka spaSTa zAstra racA athavA tattvAryAdhigamanAmaka race zAstrako spaSTa kiyaa| ___ isa prazastimeM granthakAra umAsvAtine apane dIkSA guru tathA dIkSA pragurukA nAma, dokSA gurukI yogyatA, vidyA guru tathA vidyA pragurukA nAma, apanA gotra pitA tathA mAtAkA nAma, janma sthAnakA nAma, grantha racanAkA sthAna nAma apanI zAkhA Adi sabhI kucha to de diyA hai| phira bhI unake viSayameM jaina paramparAmeM jo tathokta bhrAnti phailo vaha Azcarya janaka hai| aura usase aneka prakArake sandehoMkA utpanna honA svAbhAvika hai| yaha tathokta bhrAnti digambara paramparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrake kartRtvako lekara hai| yadyapi zravaNa velagolAke ukta zilA lekhoMmeM jo prAyaH 12vIM zatAbdIke lagabhagake haiM, gRddhapiccharo yukta umAsvAtiko tatvArtha sUtrakA vartA bItalAyA hai tathApi usase pUrva ke prAcIna sAhityameM tattvArtha sUtrake kartAka rUpameM athavA anya kisI rUpameM umAsvAtikA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| yadyapi tattvArtha sUtrako sarvAdhika pratiSThA digambara paramparAmeM prAcInakAlase pAI jAtI hai aura sabase prAcIna TIkA bhI digambarAcArya pUjyapAdakI tattvArtha sUtrapara upalabdha hai tathApi sUtrakArake nAmakA koI nirdeza usameM nahIM hai / yahA~ yaha batalA denA ucita hogA ki digambara paramparAmeM tatvArtha sUtrake ukta scopajJa bhASya aura usakI antima prazastikA koI nirdeza nahIM miltaa| zravaNavelagolAke ukta zilAlekhoMmeM gRDhApicchAcArya umAsvAti kI tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAyA hai, yaha hama Upara likha Aye hai| kintu usase pUrvake sAhityika ullekhoMmeM tattvArtha sUtra kartAke rUpameM athavA anya kisI rUpameM umAsvAtikA koI nAma nahIM hai| digambara paramparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrakI sabase prAcIna TIkA pUjyapAdakI sarvArtha siddhi hai| usameM TIkAkArane na to apanA hI nAma diyA hai aura na sUtrakArakA hI nAma diyA hai| usaka

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya . 231 Arambhika utyAnikAse kevala itanA hI prakaTa hotA hai ki kisI svahitaiSI bhavyakI jijJAsAke phalasvarUpa kisI nirgranthAcAryane tattvArtha sUtrako racA hai / yaha nirgranthAcArya kauna the yaha usase jJAta nahIM hotaa| savArthasiddhike pazcAt racI gaI tattvArthavArtikameM bhI akalaMkadevane sUtrakArakA koI nAmAdi nahIM diyaa| tattvArthavAtikake pazcAt racI gaI tattvArtha zlokavAtikameM vidyAnandine bhI sUtrakArakA nAmollekha to spaSTa rUpase nahIM kiyaa| kintu 'etena gRpicchAcAryaparyanta munisUtreNa vyabhicAritA nirastA' likhakara tattvArtha sUtrako gRdapicchAcArya kRta batalAyA hai| vidyA nandike hI samakAlIna zrIvIrasena svAmIne to apanI dhavalA TIkAmeM spaSTa rUpase tattvArtha sUtrako gRpicchAcAryakI kRti kahA hai / isa sambandhameM eka bAta aura bhI ullekhanIya hai / vikramako gyArahavIM zatAbdIke AcArya zrI vAdirAja sUrine apane pArzvanAthacaritake prArambhameM gRDhapiccha nAmake AcArya ko sabase prathama namaskAra kiyA hai / yathA / atucchaguNasampAtaM gRddhapicche nato'smi taM / / pakSIkurvanti yaM bhavyA nirvANAyotpatiSNavaH / / 16 / / arthAt-maiM mahAna guNoMke AdhAra una gRddhapicchako namaskAra karatA hU~, nirvANake liye ur3aneke icchuka bhavya jIva jinako apanA paMkha banAte haiM / __ isameM yadyapi gRddhapicchako tattvArthasUtrakA kartA nahIM btlaayaa| kintu tattvArtha sUtrake prathama sUtrameM hI 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' likhakara mokSake mArgakA hI pradhAna rUpase kathana kiyA gayA hai| ataH mokSArthiyoMke dvArA unakI usa kRti ko apanAnA svabhAvika hai| usI kA kathana sAhityika bhASAmeM ukta zlokameM kiyA gayA hai / ataH vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka digambara paramparAmeM tattvArthasUtrake kartA gRddhapiccha nAmase khyAta the| tathA ve bahuta prAcInI mAne jAte the; kyoM ki vAdidevane pUjyapAda devanandi aura samantabhadrase bha pahale unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| ukta kAlake pazcAt vikramakI bArahavIM terahavIM zatAbdIke zilAlekhoMmeM hama gRddhapiccha nAmake do AcAryokA ullekha pAte haiN| unameMse eka hai kunda-kunda aura dUsare haiM umAsvAti / kintu unameMse tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA gRddha picchAcArya1. vidyAnandikI Apta parIkSAkI svopajJavRttimeM 'tattvArthasUtrakArai umAsvAmi prabhRtibhiH' pATha bhI (vA0 119) sanAtana jainagrantha mAlA kAzIse mudrita pratimeM milatA hai| kintu likhita aneka pratiyoMmeM yaha pATha nahIM pAyA jAtA / isakI carcAke liye dekheM-anekAnta, varSa 1, pR0 406 / 'taha giddhapicchAiriyappayAsida ta catthasUtte vi 'vartanApariNAmakriyAparatvAparatve ca kAlasya' iti damvakAlo parUvido --SaTkhaM0, pu0 4, pR0 316 /

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232 : janasAhityakA itihAsa umAsvAtiko hI batalAyA hai, kundakundAcAryako nhiiN| isa taraha ukta zilAlekhoM se pUrva digambara paramparAmeM umAsvAtiko tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAnevAlA koI ullekha hameM nahIM milatA / isaparase yaha sandeha hosakatA hai ki gRddhapicchAcAryakA kA nAma uttarakAlameM zvetAmbara paramparAmeM tatvArthasUtrake kartAke rUpameM prasiddha bhASyakAra umAsvAtike sAtha to nahIM jor3a diyA gayA hai / digambara paramparAke to ukta prAcIna ullekha gRddhapiccha AcAryako hI tattvArtha sUtrakA kartA batalAte haiN| kintu isa sambandhameM eka bAta aura bhI ullekhanIya hai / yadyapi kundakundAcAryakA ullekha to prAcIna zilAlekhameM milatA hai parantu padmanandikA, jo koNDakundapurake nivAsI honeke kAraNa kundakundAcAryake nAmase khyAta hue, ullekha bhI nauvIM-dasavIM zatAbdIke sAhityameM hI prathama bAra milatA hai| isa taraha kundakunda aura tattvArthasUtra kartA gRpicchAcArya ye donoM lagabhaga samakAlameM hI sAhityika ullekhoMmeM avatarita hote haiM, yadyapi ye donoM hI prAcIna haiN| zilAlekhoM tathA TIkAkAra jayasena aura zrutasAgarake ullekhoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki kundakundakA eka nAma gRpicchAcArya bhI thaa| zAyada isIse 'arhatsUtravRtti nAmaka tattvArthasUtrakI TIkAmeM, jisake racayitA bhaTTAraka rAjendramauli haiM, tattvArtha sUtrako spaSTatayA kundakundAcAryakI kRti kahA hai| yaha rAjendramauli mUla saMgha sarasvatIgacchake bhaTTAraka tathA sAgatyapaTTake adhIzvara the| inakA samaya jJAta nahIM hai| zrI paM0 jugala kizorajI mukhtArane ukta bAta prakaTa karate hue tattvArthasUtrake eka zvetAmbara TippaNIkArakI TippaNI bhI isa sambandhameM prakAzita kI thii| TippaNIke antameM tattvArthasUtrake kartRtvaviSayameM durvAdApahAra nAma kucha padya dete hue likhA hai1. yaha grantha bambaIke ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavanameM hai| isakA prArambha isa prakAra hotA hai-'atha arhtsuutrvRttimaarbhe| tatrAdau maMgalAdyAni maMgalamadhyAni maMgalAntAni ca zAstrANi prthynte| tadasmAkaM. vighnaghAtAya asmadAcAryoM bhagavAn kundakundamuniH sveSTadevatAguNotkarSakIrtanapUrvaka tatsvarUpavastunirdezAtmakaM ca ziSTAcAraviziSTeSTajIvavAda siddhAntIkRtya tadguNopalabdhiphalopayogyavandanAnukUlavyApAragarbha maMgalamAcaratiantameM likhA hai-'mUlasaMghabalAtkAragaNe gacche girA zubhe / rAjendramaulibhaTTArkaH sAgatyapaTTarADimAM / vyaracIt kundakundAcAryakRta sUtrArtha dIpikAm' anekAnta, varSa 1, pR0 199 / / 2. anekAnta, varSa 1, pR0 198 / - - --- -- --...

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 233 yaH kundakundanAmA nAmAntarito nirucyate kazcit / jJeyo'nya eva so'smAt spaSTamumAsvAtiriti viditAt // TippaNI-tahi kundakunda evaitat prathama karteti saMzayApahAya spaSTaM jJApayAmaH yaH kundakundanAmetyAdi / ayaM ca paratIthikaiH kundakunda iDAcAryaH padmanandI umAsvAtirityAdi nAmAntarANi kalpayitvA paThyate so'smAt prakaraNakarturumAsvAtirityeva prasiddhanAmnaH sakAzAdanya eva jJeyaH kiM punaH punarvedayAmaH / " ___isameM kahA hai. kundakunda, iDAcArya ( elAcArya ) pacanandi aura umAsvAti ye eka hI vyaktike nAma kalpita karake jo loga isa granthakA asalI athavA AdyakartA kundakundako batalAte haiM vaha ThIka nahIM, vaha kundakunda hamAre isa tattvArtha sUtrakA prasiddha umAsvAtise bhinna hI vyakti hai / ___ isase prakaTa hotA hai ki digambara loga kundakundako tattvArtha sUtrakA asalI Adya kartA mAnate the| kintu kundakundakA eka nAma umAsvAti bhI thA aura isa taraha kundakunda aura umAsvAti eka hI vyakti the, aisI mAnyatAkA koI saMketa digambara paramparAmeM hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| ___ isa taraha digambara paramparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrake kartAke rUpameM umAsvAti gRddhapicchAcAryakA ullekha, gRddhapicchAcArya kundakundake ziSyake rUpameM zravaNavelagolA Adike zilAlekhoMmeM hI milatA hai| ___ zvetAmbara parapamparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrake kartRtvako lekara to mAmUlI sI bhrAnti phailI hai| kintu usake kartA AcArya umAsvAtikI sthiti avazya hI cintya hai / zvetAmbara sampradAyakI paTTAvaliyoMmeM sabase prAcIna kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI aura nandisUtra sthavirAvalI haiN| unakA saMkalana vI0 ni0 saM0 980 (vi0 saM0 510) meM kiyA gayA mAnA jAtA hai / kintu unameM umAsvAti kA nAma nahIM hai / nandisUtra meM to vAcakAcAryoMkI vaMzAvalI dI huI hai, phira bhI usameM na umAsvAtikA nAma hai aura na unake gurujanoMmeMse hI kisIkA nAma hai, jinheM umAsvAtine vAcaka mukhya, mahAvAcaka aura vAcakAcArya batalAyA hai| pichale samayakI racI huI paTTAvaliyoMmeM yadyapi umAsvAtikA nAma AtA hai kintu unameM bhI ekavAkyatAkA abhAva hai| duSamAkAla zramaNasaMgha stotra * (vi0 kI terahavIM zatAbdI) meM hArila aura jinabhadrake bAda umAsvAtikA nAma AtA hai| aura jinabhadragaNine vizeSAvazyaka bhASya vi0 saM0 666 meM pUrNa kiyA thaa| 1. "siri saccamitta hArilaM jiNabhadda vaMdimo umAsAI / ' -paTTA0 sa0, pR0 16 /

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234 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa dharmasAgara upAdhyAyakRta tapAgacchapaTTAvalI' (vi0 saM0 1646) meM jinabhadra ke pazcAt vibudhaprabha, jayAnanda aura raviprabhakA nAma dekara unake pazcAt umAsvAtiko yugapradhAna batalAyA hai| tathA unakA samaya vI. ni0 saM0 1190 (vi0 saM0 720) likhA hai| paTTAvalIsAroddhArameM bhI umAsvAtikA samaya vI0 ni0 saM0 1190 likhA hai| kintu usameM umAsvAtike bAda jinabhadrako batalAyA hai| lokaprakAzameM (vi0 saM0 1778) vinaya vijayagaNine jinabhadrake pazcAt umAsvAtiko batalAyA hai / / dharmasAgarane to yadyapi tapAgaccha paTTAvalImeM umAsvAtikA nAma raviprabhake bAda yugapradhAna rUpameM diyA hai jinakA nirdeza Upara kiyA gayA hai| kintu, Arya mahAgirike ziSya bahula (bali), balissahameMse valissahake ziSya svAtiko hI tattvArthasUtra vagairahakA kartA batalAyA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki zvetAmbara sampradAyake lekhaka bhI umAsvAtike samaya tathA paramparA Adike sambandhameM aMdheremeM rahe haiM aura unhoMne bahuta pIche unheM apanI paramparAmeM baiThAnekA prayatna kiyA hai| phira bhI paM0 sukhalAlajIne unheM bhASyake AdhArapara zvetAmbara paramparAkA hI siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| tathA bhASyameM bhI aneka aise prasaMga haiM jo zvetAmbara AgamoMke sAtha mela nahIM khAte / cUMki umAsvAtine apane bhASyakI prazastimeM apane jina guruoM aura praguruoMke nAma diye haiM, ve na to digambara paramparAmeM milate haiM aura na zvetAmbara paramparAmeM / ataH zrI nAthUrAma jI premIkA aisA vicAra hai ki ve ina donoMke atirikta kisI tIsare sampradAyake the aura vaha zAyada yApanIya sampradAya ho / apanI saMbhAvanAkI puSTimeM unhoMne bhASya aura prazastike prakAzameM kucha pramANa bhI diye haiM jo kucha saMbhAvanAoMpara avalambita haiM / ataH unake AdhArapara umAsvAtiko yApanIya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ___bhagavatI ArAdhanAke TIkAkAra zrI aparAjita sUrine jo ki yApanIya the, apanI TIkAmeM tattvArtha sUtrase aneka sUtra uddhRta kiye haiN| kintu unake dvArA uddhRta sUtra prAyaH ve hI haiM jo donoM sUtra pAThoMmeM samAna rUpase pAye jAte haiM / isake 1. 'zrI0 vI0 navatyadhikakAdazazata 1190 varSe zrI umAsvAtiyugapradhAna. / ' -paTTA0 sa0, pR0 152 / 2. paTTA0 sa0, pR0 152 / 3. 'AryamahAgirestu ziSyo bahulavalissahI yamalabhrAtarau, tasya valissahasya ziSyaH svAtiH tattvArthAdayo granthAstu tatkRtA eva sNbhaavynte|' / -paTTA0 sa0, pR0 46 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 235 apavAda rUpameM bhI kucha sUtra haiN| yathA-' - 'zukle' cAdye pUrvavidaH' yaha sUtra digambara paramparAke pAThAnusAra hai / vahA~ usakA nambara ( 9 - 37 ) hai / bhASya sammata pAThameM yaha sUtra do sUtroMmeM (zukle cAdye // 9 39 / / aura 'pUrvavidaH // 9-40 / / ) vibhAjita hai / kintu aparAjita sUrine ise eka sUtrake rUpameM hI uddhRta kiyA hai / isI taraha eka aura sUtra uddhRta hai - 'AjJApAyavipAka saMsthAnavicayAya dharmyam' / yaha bhI digambara sUtra pAThake hI anusAra hai / bhASya sammata pATha meM 'dharmyam' ke Age apramatta saMyatasya (9-37) pATha adhika hai / isa tarahase aparAjita sUrine digambara sUtra pAThako hI apanAyA hai / usakA apavAda kevala eka hai aura vaha hai bhASya sammata' sUtra (8-26) / aparAjita sUrine isa sUtrako to uddhRta nahI kiyA hai kintu puNya prakRtiyoMkI gaNanA usIke anusAra kI hai / ro kintu isake sivAya unhoMne kevala bhASya sammata anya kisI sUtrakA ullekha nahIM kiyA / rahA bhASya, usakA to aparAjita sUrikI TIkAmeM saMketa taka bhI nahIM hai / mAnoM unake sAmane bhASya nAmakI koI vastu hI nahIM thI / unhoMne 5 tattvArtha sUtrakI sarvArthasiddhi TIkAkA hI eka mAtra pracuratAse upayoga kiyA hai, kvacit-kvacit akalaMka devake tattvArthaM vArtikako bhI apanAyA jAna par3atA hai / bhASyakI - yadi vaha unake sAmane upasthita thA to isa upekSAse hI yaha spaSTa hai ki bhASyakAra yApanIya nahIM thA / bhASyameM (9-5) eSaNAsamiti aura AdAna nikSepaNa samitikA svarUpa batalAte hue pAtra cIvara vagairahako dharmakA sAdhana 1 'na kRtazrutaparicayasya dharmazukladhyAne' bhavitumarhataH / .' zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH' ityabhihitatvAcca - bha0 A0 TI0, gA0 104 // 1 2. 'AjJApAyavipAkavicayAya dharmyam' iti sUtram - bha0 A0 TI0 gA0 1699 / 3. 'sadvedya - samyaktva - hAsya- rati puruSaveda- zubhAyu-nIca gotrANi puNyam / -' 4. 'sadvedyaM samyaktva - rati- hAsyapuMvedAH zubhe nAmagotre zubhaM cAyuH puNyaM etebhyo'nyAni pApAni / - bha0 A0 TI0, gA0 1834 / 5. bha0 A0 gA0 46 kI TIkAmeM satya dharma tyAga dharma vagairahake lakSaNa sarvA0 siddhike anusAra haiM / gA0 56 kI TIkAmeM 'tattvArtha' kI vyAkhyA, gA0 115 kI TIkAmeM saMvega, gupti AdikA lakSaNa, gA0 139 kI TIkAmeM svAdhyAyake bhedoMke lakSaNa, gAthA 807 kI TIkAmeM kriyAoMke lakSaNa, gA0 811 kI TIkA meM jIvAdhikaraNa ke bheda, ye saba sarvArthasiddhise lie gaye / aura bhI bahutase sthala sarvArthasiddhike RNI haiM /

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236 : janasAhityakA itihAsa batalAyA hai| yApanIya inheM dharmakA sAdhana nahIM mAnate the| aparAjita' sUrine kevala kamaMDalu aura pIchIko saMyamakA upakaraNa mAnA hai| tathA zItase pIr3ita sAdhuko vAyuke pravezase rahita sthAna deneko likhA hai kintu vastra dAnakA raMca mAtra bhI vidhAna nahIM kiyA hai| ataH bhASyakAra to vastrapAtravAdI zvetAmbara hone caahie| kintu jisane bhASya banAyA hai usIne tattvArtha sUtrako bhI banAyA hai, yaha bAta vivAdagrasta hai| yadi kevala sUtroMko sAmane rakhakara sUtrakArakI paramparAkA vicAra kiyA jAye to vaha kisI sampradAya vizeSake pakSapAtI na hokara eka zuddha tAtvika jainamAtra pratIta hote haiN| isIse unake dvArA racita tattvArthasUtrako donoM paramparAoMne apanAyA jabaki bhASya eka paramparAkA hI hokara raha gyaa| kyA bhASya aura sUtroMkA kartA eka hI hai ? digambara paramparAmeM mUla tattvArtha sUtrakI pratiyA~ bahutAyatase upalabdha hotI haiM tathA mUlasUtroMke paThanapAThanakA bhI pracAra adhika hai| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAmeM mUla tatvArtha sUtrako pratiyA~ kvacit hI upalabdha hotI haiM aura usake mUlamAtrakA pracAra bhI kama hI rahA hai| digambara paramparAke AcAryoMne bhI kevala mUla tattvArtha sUtra para hI apanI mahattvapUrNa TIkAeM racI thiiN| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAke TIkAkAroMne sabhASya tattvArtha sUtra para hI apanI TIkAe~ racoM haiM / isa tarahase zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bhASya sUtroMke sAtha eka granthake rUpameM hI mAnA jAtA rahA hai| digambara paramparA mUla tattvArtha sUtrakI jo pratiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM, unake Adi aura antameM aneka gAthAe~ tathA zloka bhI pAye jAte haiM, kintu ve tattvArtha sUtrake aMga nahIM haiM, kyoMki kisI bhI TIkAkArakI TIkAmeM unakA saMketa taka nahIM pAyA jaataa| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAke sabhASya tattvArthAdhigama sUtrake AdimeM utthAnikA paraka tathA antameM upasaMhAra paraka aneka saMskRta kArikAe~ pAI jAtI haiN| ve kArikAe~ bhASyakI aMgabhUta haiM yA tattvArtha sUtrakI aMgabhUta haiM, yaha vicAraNIya hai| paM0 zrI jugalakizorajI mukhtArane anekAnta varSa 3, ki 1 meM mUlatattvArthAdhigama sUtrakI eka saTippaNa pratikA paricaya karAyA thaa| unake paricayake anusAra usa pratimeM sabhASya tattvArthAdhigama sUtrake zurUmeM jo 31 sambandha kArikAe~ pAI jAtI hai, aura antameM 32 padya tathA prazastike 6 padya pAye jAte haiM, ve saba kArikAe~ evaM padya isa saTippaNa pratimeM jyoMke tyoM pAye jAte haiM aura usa parase aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki TippaNakArane unheM mUla tattvArthAdhigama sUtrakA hI aMga samajhA hai / 1. sayaMma sadhyate yenopakaraNena tAvanmAnaM kamaMDala-picchamAtra'-bha0 A0 TI0, gA0 162 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 237 zurUmeM pAI jAnevAlI sambandha kArikAoMmeMse eka isaprakAra hai'tattvArthAdhigamAravyaM vahvarthaM saGgrahaM laghugrantham / vakSyAmi ziSya hitamidamarhadvacanaikadezasya // 22 // isameM tattvArthAdhigama nAmaka laghugranthako racanekI pratijJA kI gaI hai / TIkAkAra zrI devaguptane 'laghugrantham' kA artha ' zlokazatadvayamAtraM ' kiyA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ye sambandha kArikAe~ mUlasUtrakI hI aMgabhUta honI cAhiye / kyoMki mUlasUtroM kA pramANa dosau zlokamAtra saMbhava hai / bhASyakA pramANa to usase bahuta adhika hai / kintu ina kArikAoM kI sthiti aisI hai ki yadi unheM isa sUtragranthase alaga kara diyA jAye to -- usakI akhaNDatAmeM usase koI kSati nahIM pahu~catI / zrI paM0 sukhalAlajIne bhASya sammata tattvArtha sUtrake mUlasUtroMkA jo gujarAtI tathA hindImeM anuvAda kiyA hai usameM kevala sUtra hI haiM aura sambhavatayA zvetAmbara paramparAmeM tattvArtha sUtrakI isa prakArakI pahalI TIkA haiN| paM0 jI ina kArikAoMko bhASyakA aMga bhI mAnate haiM / ukta sambandha kArikAoMke pazcAt mUlasUtra grantha prArambha hotA hai / prathama sUtrakA anya koI utthAnikA vAkya nahIM / bhASyakA Arambha prathama sUtrakI vyAkhyAke rUpameM hotA hai / bhASyameM Age AnevAle sUtroMkA 'pUrvanirdeza honese yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki bhASyakArake sAmane pUrA maMtragrantha maujUda thA, athavA bhASyakI racanAse pUrva sUtragrantha racA jA cukA thA / itanA prAthamika kathana karaneke pazcAt hama apane prakRta viSayapara Ate haiM / zrI paM0 sukhalAlajIne bhASya svayaM umAsvAtikRta hai yaha bAta nIce likhe pramANoMse nirvivAda siddha batalAI hai 1. bhASyakI upalabdha TIkAoMmeM sabase prAcIna TIkA siddhasena kI hai / usameM svopajJatA sUcaka ullekha pAye jAte haiM / 2. bhASyagata antima kArikAoMmeMse AThavIM kArikAko haribhadrAcAryane zAstravArtA samuccayameM umAsvAti kartRka rUpase uddhRta kiyA hai / 1. uktamavagAhanamAkAzasya ' - ( 3 - 1 ) / ' uktaM bhavatA - mAnuSasya svabhAva mArdavArjavaM ceti / tatra ke manuSyA / ' (3-14 ) kI utthAnikA / 2. 'zAstIti ca granthakAra eva dviSA AtmAnaM vibhajya sUtrakAra-bhASyakArAkAreNaivamAha' - (siddha0 TI0, bhA0 1, 1072 ) / sUtrakArAdavibhakto'pi bhASyakAra H ' - vahI, pR0 205 /

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238 : janasAhityakA itihAsa 3. bhASyakI prArambhika aMgabhUta kArikAke vyAkhyAnameM A0 devagupta bhI sUtra aura bhASyako ekakartRka sUcita karate haiM / 4. prArambhika kArikAoMmeM aura kucha sthAnoMpara bhASyameM bhI 'vakSyAmi' 'vakSyAmaH' Adi prathama puruSakA nirdeza hai| 5. bhASyameM kisI sthala para sUtrakA artha karanemeM zabdoMkI khIMcAtAnI nahIM huI, kahIM bhI sUtrakA artha karanemeM sandeha yA vikalpa karanemeM nahIM AyA / isI prakAra sUtrakI kisI dUsarI vyAkhyAko manameM rakhakara sUtrakA artha nahIM kiyA gayA / aura na kahIM sUtrake pAThabhedakA hI avalambana liyA gyaa| yaha ThIka hai ki siddhasena gaNi Adi zretAmbarAcAryone sUtrakAra aura bhASyakArako eka mAnA hai| kintu gaNijIne apanI TIkAmeM sUtrakArake liye sUtrakAra aura bhASyakArake liye bhASyakAra zabdoMkA hI prayoga kiyA hai / eka bhI jagaha donoMko eka mAnakara zabdoMkA vyatikrama nahIM kiyaa| yaha bAta khAsa dhyAna dene yogya hai / tathA pahale tattvArthAdhigamasUtrakI jisa saTippaNa pratikA ullekha kiyA hai jo ki kisI ratnasiMha nAmaka zvetAmbarAcArya racita hai, usake antameM 9 padya pAye jAte haiM jo TippaNakAra kRta haiN| unapara TippaNakArakI svopajJa TippaNI bhI hai / usase prathama padya tathA TippaNI nIce dI jAtI hai prAgevaitadadakSiNabhaSaNagaNAdAsthamAnamiva matvA / __ trAtaM samUlacUlaM sa bhASyakArazciraM jIyAt // 1 // Ti0-'dakSiNe saralodArAviti hamaH' / adakSiNA asaralAH svavacanaspaiva pakSapAtamalinA iti yAvatta eva bhaSaNAH kukuMrAsteSAM gagairAdAsyamAnaM pahiSyamAnaM svAyattIkariSyamANamiti yAvat tathAbhUtamivaitatatvArthazAstraM prAgeva pUrvameva matvA jJAtvA yeneti zeSaH / saha mUlacUlAbhyAmiti samUlacUlaM trAtaM rakSitaM sa kazcid bhASyakAroM bhASyakartA ciraM dIrgha jIyAjjayaM gamyAdityAzIrvaco'smAkaM lekhakAnAM nirmala grantharakSakAya prAgvacanacaurikAyAmazakyAyeti / arthAt-jisane isa tattvArtha zAstrako apane hI vacanake pakSapAta se malina anudAra kuttoMke samahoM dvArA prahISyamAna jaisA jAnakara pahale hI isa zAstrakI mUlacUla sahita rakSAkI vaha bhASyakAra (jisakA nAma mAlUma nahIM) ciraMjIvi hove, aisA hama lekhakoMkA usa nirmala granthake rakSaka tathA prAcIna vacanoMkI corIkaranemeM asamarthake prati AzIrvAda hai|' 1. 'guNAn lakSaNato vakSyama.'-5-37 kA bhASya / 'taM purastAd vakSyAmaH' 5-22 bhASya /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 239 yahA~ TippaNakArane bhASyakArakA nAma na dekara usake liye 'sa kazcid' zabdoMkA prayoga kiyA hai| isase spaSTa dhvanita hotA hai ki TippaNakArako zAyada bhASyakArakA nAma mAlUma nahIM thaa| aura vaha use mUlasUtrakArase bhinna samajhatA thaa| isI TippaNakArane Age likhA hai parametAvaccaturaiH kartavyaM zra Nuta vacmi sa vivekaH / zuddho yo'sya vidhAtA sa dUSaNIyo na kenApi // 4 // Ti0-'evaM cAkarNya vAcako hayumAsvAtidigambaro nihnava iti kecinmAvadannadaH zikSArtha 'parametAvaccaturairiti' padyaM brUmahe-zuddhaH satyaH prathama iti yAvadyaH ko'pyamya granthasya nirmAtA sa tu kenApi prakAreNa na nindanIya etaccaturaividheyamiti' / arthAt-aisA sunakara 'vAcaka umA svAti nizcayase digambara hai, nihnava hai aisA koI na kahe, isa bAtakI zikSAke liye hama 'parametAvaccaturaiH' Adi padya kahate haiN| jisakA Azaya yaha hai ki catura janoMko jo kartavya hai use suno, maiM viveka pUrvaka kahatA hU~ / isa granthakA jo koI bhI zuddha satya (vAstavika) Adya nirmAtA hai usakI kisI bhI taraha nindA nahIM karanI cAhiye / TippaNakArane ukta zloka apane sampradAyake una logoMko lakSya karake likhA hai jo tattvArthasatrake kartA vAcaka umAsvAtiko digambara nihnava kahate the kyoMki usake bhASyameM aneka vAteM aisI bhI haiM jo zvetAmbarIya Agama sammata nahIM haiN| ____ ukta zlokoMse tattvArthasUtra aura usake bhASyake kartRtva Adike viSayameM zvetAmbara sampradAyameM jo pravAda phailA huA thA usapara acchA prakAza par3atA hai| unase tIna bAteM vyakta hotI haiM 1. tattvArtha sUtrako dUsare loga (digambara) grahaNa kara legeM isa bAtako pahalese hI jAnakara kisIne usapara bhASya racakara use apanA liyA arthAt zvetAmbara sampradAyakA banA ddaalaa| 2. zvetAmbara loga tatvArtha zAstrake kartA umAsvAtiko digambara nihnava kahakara usakI nindA karate the| 3. tattvArtha sUtrakA Adya nirmAtA kauna thA isameM bhI vivAda thaa| ataH zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bhI sUtrakAra aura bhASyakArake aikyake sambandhameM sarvathA aikyamatya yA nirvivAda jaisI sthiti pratIta nahIM hotii|

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240 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa cauthI aura pA~cavI yuktiyoMke sambandhameM bhI aneka bAteM vicAraNIya haiM aura unase ukta samasyA sulajhaneke bajAya ulajha jAtI hai / 1. yadyapi bhASya meM 'upadekSyAmaH / jaise prathama puruSa paraka nirdeza bhI haiM, kintu usameM anya puruSa paraka nirdezoMkI hI bahutAyata hai / yathA - ' - 'Adye parokSam sUtrake bhASya meM likhA hai / / 1- 11 // Adye sUtrakrama prAmANyAt prathama dvitIye zAsti / ' yahA~ 'zAsti' anya puruSa paraka nirdeza hai / isakI TIkA meM isa asaMgatikA parihAra karane ke lie siddhasena gaNiko yaha likhanA par3A granthakArane apaneko sUtrakAra aura bhASyakArake rUpameM vibhAjita karake 'zAsti' aisA kahA hai / sUtra (1-20) ke bhASyameM likhA hai - atrAha - matizrutayostulyaviSayatvam' dravyeSvasarva paryAyeSu / sUtra (1-35) ke bhASyameM - 'Adya iti sUtrakramaprAmANyAnnaigamamAha / isI sUtrake bhASyameM Agata kArikAoMke lie bhI 'Aha ca' anyapuruSa paraka nirdeza hai / usakI TIkA meM bhI siddhasena gaNine ukta prakArase samAdhAna kiyA / aura bhI dekhiye 'atrAha -- uktaM bhavatA jIvAdIni tattvAni' (2- 1) / isakI TIkAmeM siddhasena gaNijIne likhA hai - 'kiM punaratra prayojanaM yadayamapahAyAdhyAyaprakaraNasambandhI sUtrakRtameva sambandhamAvizcakAra bhASyakAra / ' ye zabda bhI dhyAna dene yogya haiM / isa prakArake anya puruSa paraka nirdezoMkI hI bhASyameM bahutAyata hai / ava rahe vakSyAmaH' jaise prathama puruSa paraka nirdeza / so jina sUtroMke vyAkhyAtA sUtrakArase bhinna hai usakI vyAkhyAoMmeM bhI isa prakArake prathama puruSa paraka nirdeza pAye jAte haiM / udAharaNa ke lie pAtaJjala sUtroMke vyAsa bhASya, tattvArtha sUtrakI TIkA 1. 'zAstIti' ca granthakAra eva dvidhA AtmAnaM vibhajya sUtrakAra bhASyakArAkAreNaivamAha - zAstIti sUtrakAra iti zeSaH / - si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 72 / 2. 'Aha cetyAtmAnameva paryAyAntaravartinaM nirdizati' - vahI, pR0 127 / 3. ' sa ca vitarkAnugato vicArAnugata AnandAnugato'smitAnugata iti upariSTAt nivedayiSyAmaH / ' ( sUtra - 1 / 'yathAkramameSAmanuSThAnaM svarUpaM ca vakSyAmaH (2-29, 30 ) / vyA0 bhA0 / 4. 'tasya svarUpa manavadyamutaratra vakSyAmaH / eteSAM svarUpaM lakSaNato vidhAnatazca vistareNa nirdekSyAmaH / sarvArtha 0 pR0 2 / avasara prAptaM bandhaM vyAcakSmahe - prakaraNa sAmarthyAt bhAvabandhaM brUmaH / - ta0 vA0, 0561 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 241 sarvArtha siddhi vagairahako rakhA jA sakatA hai / ataH bhASya aura sUtroMkI eka kartu - katAke sambandhameM caturtha yukti bhI vajanadAra nahIM hai / aba hama 5vIM yuktipara vicAra kareMge-- prathama to sUtroMkA artha karanemeM zabdoMkI khIMcAtAnIkA na honA, sandeha yA vikalpakA na honA, Adi bAteM kisI vyAkhyAke sUtrakAra kRta honemeM niyAmaka nahIM ho sakatIM; kyoMki pAtaJjala sUtroMpara viracita vyAsa bhASyameM bhI ukta bAteM pAI jAtI haiM, kintu vaha sUtrakAra kRta nahIM hai / dUsare, tattvArthasUtrakA ukta bhASya ukta bAtoMse eka dama achUtA bhI nahIM haiM / sabase prathama ullekhanIya hai -- sUtra aura bhASyakA pArasparika virodha / sUtra aura bhASya meM virodha 1. 'indra sAmAnika' (4-4) Adi sUtrameM devoMke dasa bheda batalAye haiM aura usake bhASyake ArambhameM bhI 'ekaikazazcaiteSu devanikAyeSu devA dazavidhA bhavanti' likhakara dasa bheda hI batalAye haiM / kintu Ageke bhASyameM una bhedoMkA artha karate hue 'anIkAdhipati' nAmake bhI eka bhedako ginAyA hai, jabaki sUtrameM kevala 'anIka' nAmakA eka hI bheda hai / siddhasena gaNine apanI TIkA meM isakA samanvaya karate hue likhA hai ki AcAryane to sUtra meM kevala anIkoMkA hI grahaNa kiyA hai, anIkAdhipatiyoMkA nahIM; kintu bhASyameM unakA bhI nirdeza hai| anIka aura anI kAdhipatiyoMko eka mAnakara bhASyakArane aisA vyAkhyAna kara diyA hai, anyathA to dasa saMkhyAkA niyama TUTa jAtA hai / ' .... 2. isI taraha sUtra (4-26) meM laukAntika devoMke nau bheda ginAye haiM kintu bhASyameM unakI saMkhyA ATha hI likhI hai / isa bAtako bhI siddhasena gaNine apanI TIkAmeM uThAyA hai / isa taraha kI bAteM sUtrakAra aura bhASyakArakI ekatAmeM sandeha paidA karatI haiM / tattvArtha sUtra jaise sUtra granthake racayitAke dvArA raca gaye bhASya meM isa prakArakI asAvadhAnI nahIM ho sakatI / eka aura udAharaNa lIjiye 3. pAcaveM adhyAyake 19 veM sUtrake bhASya meM likhA haiM - 'prANApAnau ca nAma 1. 'sUtre cAnIkAnyevopAttAni sUriNA nAnIkAdhipatayaH, bhASye punarupanyastAstadekatvamevAnokAnIkAdhipatyoH paricintya vivRtamevaM bhASyakAreNa / anyathA vA dasasaMkhyA bhidyeta / ' - si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 276 / 2. ' nanvevamete navabhedA bhavanti bhASyakRtA cASTavidhA iti mudritAH / si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 307 / 16

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242 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa karmaNi vyAkhyAtau / ' arthAt nAmakarmake kathanameM prANa aura apAnakA vyAkhyAna kiyA jA cukaa| magara nAmakarmakA ukta kathana Age AThaveM adhyAyameM hai / siddhasena gaNine apanI TIkA meM isa carcAko bhI uThAkara usakA samAdhAna karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| 4. eka udAharaNa aisA bhI hai / jisameM bhASyakArane sUtrake kramakA ullaMghana karake vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| adhyAya cha ke 'indriyakaSAyAvratakriyAH' ityAdi chaThe sUtra meM 'indriya, kaSAya aura avata' ko kramase rakhA hai| kintu bhASyakArane pahale pA~ca avratoMkA phira kaSAyoMkA aura phira pA~ca indriyoMkA ullekha kiyA hai / isa kramollaMghanakA ullekha karake siddhasena gaNine usakA samAdhAna karate hue likhA hai-bhASyakArakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki hiMsA Adi avrata sakala Asrava jAlake mUla haiM unameM pravRtti hone para hI AsravameM pravRtti hotI hai aura unase nivRtti hone para saba AsravoMse nivRtti hotI hai; isa arthakA jJApana karaneke liye bhASyakArane sUtrokta kramakA ullaMghana karake avratoMkA kathana kiyA hai| aura sUtra racanAkI zobhAke liye indriyakA AdimeM sanniveza kiyA hai|' kaisA acchA samAdhAna hai ? sUtroMkI racanA sundaratAkI dRSTise kI jAtI hai yaha eka naI khoja hai / indriyakI jagaha 'avata' rakhanese sUtra kase asundara ho jAtA yaha to gaNijI hI batalA sakate haiM / vAstavameM yadi sUtrakArane hI bhASya banAyA hotA yA bhASyakArane hI sUtra banAyA hotA to isa taraha ke vyatikrama bhASya aura sUtra meM kadApi na milate yA kama se kama usake dvArA sUtra aura bhASyameM vyatikrama honekA kAraNa to batalA diyA jaataa| 5. paM0 sukhalAlajIkA kahanA hai ki bhASyameM sandeha yA vikalpa nahIM pAyA jAtA / kintu tIsare adhyAyake prathama sUtrameM Agata 'ghanAmbuvAtAkAzapratiSThAH' padakA artha karate hue bhASyakArane likhA hai-'ambuvAtAkAzapratiSThAH' iti siddhe ghana grahaNa kriyate tenAyamarthaH prtiiyte|' 1. 'prANApAnAvaSTa ne'dhyAye nAmakarmaNi gatijAtyAdisUtre......"ityatra bhASye vyAkhyAsyete kathaM tahi vyAkhyAto' vahI pR0 342 / 2. 'tatrendriya kaSAyAnullaGghayAvratAnyeva vyAcaSTe bhASyakAraH / kiM punaratra prayo janamiti / ucyate-ayamabhiprAyo bhASyakArasya-hiMsAdInyavratAni sakalAsravajAlamUlAni tatpravRttAsraveSveva pravRttistannivRtau ca sarvAsravemyo nivRttirityasyArthasya jJApanArtha sUtroktakramamatikramyAvratAni vyAcaSTe bhASyakAraH / sUtrabandhazobhAhetorindriyAdisanniveza-vahI, bhA. 2, pR0 10 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 243 arthAt-'ambuvAtAkAza pratiSThAH' aisA siddha honepara bhI jo 'ghana' zabdakA grahaNa kiyA gayA usase aisA pratIta hotA hai| yahA~ 'pratIyate' zabda nizcayAtmaka nahIM hai sandehAtmaka hai| gaNijIne apanI TIkAmeM 'pratIyate' zabdako ur3A hI diyA hai aura bhASyakA artha karate hue 'jJApyate' zabdakA prayoga kiyA hai jo nizcayAtmaka hai / yadi bhASyakAra hI sUtrakAra hotA to apane dvArA prayukta 'ghana' zabdake prayogake liye vaha 'pratIyate' jaise anizcayAtmaka zabdakA prayoga na karake 'jApyate' jaise zabdakA prayoga karatA / 6. dUsare adhyAyake antima sUtrameM aupapAtika, caramadeha aura uttama puruSakA grahaNa kiyA hai| tadanusAra bhASya meM bhI unakA vyAkhyAna karate hue 'uttama puruSAstIrthakaracakravartyardhacakravartinaH' likhA hai| kintu Age unameM sopakrama aura nirupakramakI carcA karate hue uttama puruSoMko eka dama hI chor3a diyA hai| isase jo asaMgati paidA huI usakA ullekha siddhasena' gaNine kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki kinhIMkA kahanA hai ki sUtrakArane sUtrameM 'uttama puruSa' padakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA ataH uttama puruSakA grahaNa anArSa hai| aura bhASyameM donoM hI prakAra pAye jAte haiM / prArambhameM uttama puruSakA grahaNa kiyA hai kintu Age nirupakrama sopakramake nirUpaNameM grahaNa nahIM kiyA ataH bhASya se hI sandeha hotA hai ki sUtrameM uttama puruSa pada hai yA nhiiN|' gaNijI bhI isa sandehakA nirAkaraNa nahIM kara sake / ukta bAtoMke sivAya sUtra aura bhASyakI tulanA karanese aneka aisI bAteM prakAzameM AtI haiM jo donoMkI ekakartRkatAmeM saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotii| tattvArthasUtrake sUtroMko dekhanese yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki unakA racayitA viSayako kramAnusAra vyavasthita karake use sUtra nibaddha karanemeM paTu hai / eka bhI sUtrake viSayameM koI yaha nahIM kaha sakatA ki yaha sUtra yadi yahA~ na hokara amuka jagaha hotA to uttama hotaa| kintu bhASyameM aisA suvyavasthitapanA nahIM hai / kaI sthaloMpara kahIMkI bAta kahIM kaha dI gaI hai / yathA-dUsare adhyAyake 37veM sUtra meM audArika Adi pA~ca zarIroMke nAma ginAye haiM / isake bhASyameM kevala pAMca zarIroMke nAma ginAkara itanA hI likha 1. 'kecidabhidadhate-nAsti sUtrakAraspottamapuruSagrahaNamiti tatkathaM tIrthakarAdi saMgraha iticet, evaM ca manyante...."tasmAdanArSamuttamapuruSagrahaNamiti / ubhayathA ca bhASyamupalakSyate avigAnAt, AdAvuttamapuruSAstIrthakarAdaya iti vivRttamuttarakAlaM punarnopAttamuttamapuruSagrahaNaM nirupakramasopakramanirUpaNAyAmato bhASyAdeva sandehaH kimasti nAstIti saMzayAttamevedamasmAkam |'-vhii, pR0 221-222 /

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244 : janasAhityakA itihAsa diyA hai ki ye pA~ca zarIra saMsArI jovoMke hote haiN| aura Age 49veM sUtrake bhASyameM audArika Adi saMjJAoMke zabdArthakA kathana kiyA hai| siddhasenagaNine apanI TIkAmeM isa aprAsaMgikatAko carcAko zaMkAke rUpameM uThAte hue likhA hai-'yaha bhASya to zarIra prakaraNa sambandhI prathama sUtra (37)meM yukta hotA / prakaraNake antameM usake kahanekA kiJcit bhI viziSTa prayojana nahIM hai|' isakA uttara dete hue likhA hai-prakaraNake antameM kahanekA satya hI kucha bhI phala nahIM hai kyoMki vaha asUtrArtha hai| ataH AcAryakI isa eka bhUlako kSamA kreN| ____ isa tarahakI eka nahIM aneka anupapatiyA~ sUtra aura bhASyakI eka kartRkatA ke sambandhameM haiM / isake sivAya usa samayake jitane bhI prAcIna sUtra grantha vartamAna haiM unameMse kisI bhI sUtra granthapara usake racayitAne koI bhASya yA vRtti nahIM racI / pAtaJjala sUtra, nyAya sUtra, vaizeSika sUtra, vedAnta sUtra Adi sUtragrantha isake udAharaNa hai| ataH bhASya aura sUtrakI eka kartRkatAke AdhArapara sUtrakArakI paramparAkA nirNaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / usake liye to tattvArtha sUtrake sUtroMke mAdhyamase hI vicAra karanA ucita hogA / Age hama tattvArthasUtrake sambandhameM vizeSa prakAza ddaaleNge| tattvArtha sUtrako utpatti kathA tattvArtha sUtrake Adya TIkAkAra pUjyapAda svAmIne sarvArtha siddhi nAmaka apanI tattvArtha vRttike prArambhameM prathama sUtrako utthAnikAmeM likhA hai ki 'koI svahitaiSI nikaTa bhavya kisI AzramameM muniyoMkI pariSadake madhyameM virAjamAna nigranthAcAryake pAsa gayA aura unase pUchA ki bhagavAn ! AtmAkA hita kyA hai? AcAryane uttara diyaa-'mokss'| taba punaH usane pUchA-mokSakA svarUpa kyA hai aura usakI prAptikA mArga kaunasA hai ? isIke uttarameM 'samyagdarzana jJAna cArivANi mokSamArgaH' sUtra pravartita huA / 1. 'nanu ca zarIraprakaraNaprathamasUtre etad bhASyaM yuktaM syAt / iha tu prakaraNAntA bhidhAne na kiJcit prayojanaM vaizeSikamastIti / ucyate tadevamayaM manyate tadevedamAdi sUtramAprakaraNa parisamAptaH prapaJcayate athavA prakaraNAntAbhidhAne satyameva na kiJcit phalamastyasUtrArthatvAdataH kSamyatAmidamekamAcAryasyeti / ' -si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 211 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 245 eka prabhAcandra nAmake AcAryakA 'tattvArtha vRtti pada' nAmakA grantha mUr3avidrIke bhaNDArameM hai| usakI eka prati bambaIke e050 sarasvatI bhavanameM hai| isameM sarvArthasiddhike avyakta padoMko dhyakta kiyA gayA hai| isameM sarvArthasiddhikI utthAnikAke padoMkA artha karate hue nirgranthAcAryake pAsa jAnevAle usa bhavyakA nAma 'prasidhyeka 'nAmA' likhA hai| kintu 13vIM zatAbdImeM bAlacandra muni dvArA tattvArtha sUtrakI jo kanar3I TIkA likhI gaI hai usameM usa prazna kartA bhavyakA nAma 'siddhayya' diyA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki prabhAcandrakI vRttikI mUla pratimeM bhI siddhayya nAma hI ho aura lekhakake doSase bambaIvAlI pratimeM galata nAma likhA gayA ho| bAlacandrakI kanar3I vRttikI prastAvanAmeM tattvArtha sUtrakI utpatti jisa prakArase batalAI hai usakA saMkSiptasAra isa prakAra haiM-saurASTra dezake madhya urjayanta girike nikaTa girinagara nAmake pattanameM Asanna bhavya, svahitArthI, dvija kulotpanna, zvetAmbara bhakta siddhayyA nAmakA eka vidvAna zvetAmbara matake anukUla sakala zAstrakA jAnanevAlA thaa| usane 'darzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' aisA eka sUtra banAyA aura use eka paTiyepara likha diyaa| eka dina caryAke lie umAsvAti nAmake muni vahA~ Aye aura unhoMne AhAra leneke pazcAt pATiyeko dekhakara usameM ukta sUtrake pahale 'samyaka' pada jor3a diyaa| jaba siddhayya bAharase AyA aura usane pATiyepara samyak zabda jur3A dekhA to usane prasanna hokara apanI mAtAse pUchA ki kisa mahAnubhAvane yaha zabda likhA hai| mAtAne uttara diyA ki eka nimranthAcAryane yaha zabda likhA hai| isa para vaha unheM khojatA huA unake AzramameM pahuMcA aura bhakti bhAvase vinaya pUrvaka una munirAjase pUchane lagA ki AtmAkA hita kyA hai ? munirAjane kahA mokSa hai / isapara usane mokSakA svarUpa aura usakI prAptikA upAya pUchA / usIke uttara rUpameM tattvArtha sUtra racA gayA / isa taraha eka zvetAmbara vidvAnake praznapara eka digambarAcArya dvArA tattvArtha sUtrakI utpatti huI aisA ukta kathAnakase prakaTa hotA hai| nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki yaha kathA kahA~ taka ThIka hai| kintu yaha kathA 700 varSoMse bhI purAnI hai kyoMki ukta kanar3I TIkAke kartA bAlacandra muni vikramakI 13vIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdhameM ho gaye haiN| isa kathA kA mUla AdhAra to sarvArtha siddhikI utthAnikA hI pratIta hotA hai kyoMki siddhagyake nirgranthAcAryake pAsa pahu~caneke bAda una donoMke bIcameM jo 1. aba yaha grantha bhA0 jJAnapITha se sarvArthasiddhi ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| 2. anekAnta, varSa 1, ki0 5, pR0 271 /

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246 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa uttara pratyuttara hotA hai vaha prAyaH saba vahI hai jo sarvArtha siddhi meM prathama sUtra kI utthAnikAmeM pAyA jAtA hai / kintu pUjyapAdane 'kazcid bhavyaH' likhA hai, usakA koI nAma nahIM diyaa| hA~ sarvArtha siddhike padoMke vyAkhyAkAra prabhAcandrane, jo nyAya kumudacandra Adike racayitA prasiddha prabhAcandra hI jJAta hote haiM, usa bhavyakA nAma apanI vRttimeM diyA, kintu anya saba kathAkA usameM bhI koI ullekha nahIM hai| tattvArthasUtra nAma-yaha pahale likha Aye haiM ki zravaNavelagolA aura nagara tAlluke zilA lekhoMmeM prakRta ganthakA nAma tattvArtha' sUtra milatA hai / tathA vIrasena svAmIne apanI dhavalA' TIkAmeM bhI tattvArtha sUtra nAmase hI usakA ullekha kiyA hai| kiMtu usake prasiddha TIkAkAra zrI pUjyapAda svAmIne apanI sarvArthasiddhiko tattvArtha vRtti kahA hai, akalaMkadevane apane vArtika granthako tattvArthavAtika nAma diyA hai, aura vidyAnandine apanI amara kRtiko "tattvArtha zlokavArtika saMjJA dI hai / jisase pramANita hotA hai ki sUtra granthakA nAma tattvArtha hai / tattvArthasUtrakI aneka pratiyoMke antameM jo usake mAhAtmyasUcaka zloka milatA hai, usameM bhI usakA ullekha kevala 'tattvArtha nAmase hI pAyA jAtA hai| aura zAstrAtmaka honese use tattvArthazAstra bhI kahA hai| kintu tra zailImeM nibaddha honeke kAraNa tattvArthasUtra nAmase hI usakI ati prasiddhi hai| kintu sabhASya tattvArthasUtrake AdimeM jo utthAna kArikAe~ pAI jAtI haiM unameMse kArikA 22 meM tathA antima prazastike zloka 5-6 meM usakA nAma 'tattvArthAdhigama' batalAyA hai / kintu siddhasena gaNine apanI vRttiko tattvArthavRtti nAma hI diyA hai tathA usakI mudrita prati meM pratyeka adhyAyake antameM jo puSpikA 1. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 1, le0 naM0 105 / 2. SaT khaM0, pu0 1, pR0 239, 259 / 3. 'sarvArthasiddhiriti sadbhirupAntanAmA tattvArthavRttiranizaM manasA pradhAryA / -sarvA0 si0 praza0 / 4. 'vakSye tattvArthavArtikam-ta. vA0 pR0 1 / 5. ta0 zlo0 vA0 kA Adya zloka / 6. 'dazAdhyAye paricchinne tattvArthe paThite sati / ' 'tattvArthazAstra kartAramumAsvAmi munIzvaram / ' 7. 'zrImattattvArthazAstrAdbhuta salilanighe'--A0 50, praza0 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 247 vAkya pAye jAte haiM unameM 'tattvArthAdhikagama' nAmakI taraha tattvArthasUtra nAma bhI pAyA jAtA hai-yathA 'zrI tattvArthasUtre bhASyasaMyukte bhASyAnusAriNyA tattvArthaTIkAyAM SaSTho adhyApaH samAptaH / tathA sambandhakArikAoMke Adya TIkAkAra deva gupta sUrine apanI TIkAke AdyazlokameM kevala 'tattvArtha' nAmase hI usakA nirdeza kiyA hai| malaya giri sUrine apanI jIvAbhigama sUtrakI TIkA ( 6-9 ) meM bhI usakA ullekha tattvArthasUtrake nAmase kiyA hai| ataH 'tattvArthAdhigama'kI apekSA 'tattvArtha' nAmase hI isa granthakA pracalana rahA hai| usameM mokSakA kathana honese use mokSazAstra bhI kahate haiN| mahattva--isa sUtra granthameM jinAgamake mUla tattvoMko bahuta hI saMkSepameM isa sundara DhaMgase nibaddha kiyA hai ki 'gAgarameM sAgara' kI kahAvatako caritArtha kara diyA hai aura kucha sau sUtroMmeM karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyogakA sAra khIMcakara rakha diyA hai / tathA usakI racanAgeM sAmpradAyikatAkA samAveza na honese sabhI jaina sampradAyoMmeM vaha priya aura mAnya rahA hai| usakI ina vizeSatAoMke kAraNa pUjyapAda svAmIne usapara sarvArthasiddhi nAmakI, akalaMkadevane tattvArthavArtika nAmakI aura vidyAnandine tatvArthazloka vArtika nAmakI mahattvapUrNa dArzanika TIkAe~ racakara to usake mahattvameM cAra cAnda lagA diye haiM / akalaMkadevane, jinheM jaina nyAyakA pitA kahA jA sakatA hai, apane mahattvapUrNa granthoMmeM jo pramANa aura nayoMkA vivecana kiyA hai usakA mUla srota tattvArthasUtrakA prathama adhyAya hai / isIse zrIvidyAnandine apanI AptaparIkSAke antameM 'zrImattatvArthazAstrAdbhutasalilanidhe riddharatnodbhavasya' likhakara tattvArthazAstrako bahumUlya ratnoMko utpanna karanevAlA adbhuta samudra kahA hai| jitanI TIkAe~ isa granthapara racI gaI haiM utanI anya kisI granthapara nahIM racI gii| yaha usakI mahattA aura lokapriyatAkA sUcaka hai| phira bhI yaha kahanA par3egA ki digambara paramparAmeM tattvArthasUtrako jo mahattva milA vaha mahattva use zvetAmbara paramparAmeM nahIM mila sakA / na to zvetAmbara paramparAmeM usapara utanI mahattvapUrNa TIkAeM hI racI gaI aura na janatAmeM hI vaha utanA lokapriya ho skaa| isakA eka kAraNa zvetAmbara paramparAmeM Agama granthoMkI upasthitikA honA bhI hai| usakI dRSTimeM AgamagranthoMkA jo mahattva ho sakatA hai vaha tattvArtha sUtrakA nahIM ho sktaa| udhara digambara paramparAmeM to tattvArthasUtrakA pATha karanese eka upavAsakA phala laganekI prasiddhine janasAdhAraNameM bhI use loka priya banA DAlA 1. 'vIraM praNamya sarvazaM tatvArthasya vidhIyate / '

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248 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa Aja to tattvArya satrako janomeM vahI sthAna prApta hai jo hindU dharmameM bhagavata gItAko islAmameM kurAnako aura isAI dharmameM vAibilako prApta hai| saMskRtakA Adya grantha-tattvArtha sUtrakA eka sabase bar3A ullekhanIya mahattva yaha hai ki use jaina paramparAmeM Adya saMskRta grantha kahe jAnekA saubhAgya prApta hai| usase pUrva prAkRta bhASAmeM hI jaina granthoMkI racanA kI jAtI thI, usI bhASAmeM bhagavAna mahAvIrakI dezanA huI thI aura usI bhASAmeM gautama gaNadhara ne aMgoM aura pUrvokI racanA kI thii| kintu jaba dezameM saMskRta bhASAkA mahattva bar3hA aura vividha darzanoMke mantavya sUtra rUpameM nibaddha kiye gaye to jaina paramparAke AcAryokA dhyAna bhI usa ora gayA aura usIke phalasvarUpa tattvArthasUjJa jaise mahattvapUrNa sUtragranthakI racanA huI aura isa tarahase sUtrakArane jaina vAGmayake kSetrameM saMskRta bhASAko praveza karAkara saMskRta bhASAmeM racanA karanekA dvAra khola diyaa| racanA zailI-vaizeSika darzanake sUtroMkI taraha tattvArtha sUtra bhI dasa adhyAyoMmeM vibhakta hai / donoMkI sUtra saMkhyAmeM bhI jyAdA antara nahIM hai / digambara paramparAke anusAra tattvArtha sUtrake sUtroMkI saMkhyA 357 aura zve0 paramparAke anusAra 344 hai jaba ki vaizeSika sUtroMkI saMkhyA 333 haiM / vaizeSika sUtroMmeM tathA nyAya sUtroMmeM bhI tattva jJAnase mokSakI prApti mAnI hai aura tadanusAra donoMmeM apane-apane mAne hue padArthokA hI kathana hai| kintu usa kathanameM AtmAke bandhana, usake nirodha aura chuTakAreke liye kiye jAnevAle saMyamakA kathana nahIM hai| kintu tattvArtha sUtrameM una sabakA vistAra pUrvaka kathana hai| isa UparI samAnatAke hote hote hae bhI donoMmeM ullekhanIya antara bhI hai| vaizeSika sUtroMmeM apane mantavyoMke samarthanameM hetu vAdakA Azraya liyA gayA hai arthAt sUtroMmeM apane mantavyako kahakara unakI puSTimeM yuktiyA~ bhI dI gaI haiN| kintu tattvArtha sUtrameM kevala siddhAnta kA nirUpaNa hai, pUrva pakSa uttara pakSa jaisI carcAkA usameM leza bhI nahIM hai| isa prakArake sUtra granthoM meM paribhASAoMse anabhijJa vyaktike liye tatvArtha sUtroMkA gahana pratIta honA bhI svabhAvika hai kintu artha gAmbhIrya bhI. usakA eka pramukha kAraNa ho sakatA hai| viSaya paricaya-vaizeSika darzanake prArambhameM kahA gayA hai ki dravya, guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa, samavAya aura abhAva nAmaka padArthoMke tattva jJAnase mokSakI prApti hotI hai| ataH usameM mukhya rUpase ukta padArthokA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / sAMkhya darzanameM bhI prakRti aura puruSakA varNana karate hue pradhAna rUpase jagatake mUla bhUta padArthokA hI vicAra hai / isI prakAra vedAnta darzana bhI jagatake mUla bhUta tattva brahmakI hI pradhAna rUpase mImAMsA karatA hai| isa taraha ina darzanoMmeM zeyatattvakA

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 249 hI pradhAna rUpase varNana milatA hai / nyAya darzanameM pramANa, prameya saMzaya, Adi solahapadArthoke tattva jJAnase mokSako prapti batalAI hai ataH usameM inhIMkA varNana hai / pramANoMke dvArA arthako parIkSA karanekA nAma nyAya hai / ataH nyAya darzanameM artha parIkSAke sAdhanoMkA hI mukhya rUpase kathana kiyA gayA hai| kintu yoga darzanameM jIvanameM azuddhatA lAne vAlI citta vRttiyoMkA aura unake nirodhakA tathA usakI prakriyAkA varNana hai / isa tarahase ukta darzanoMkA viSaya zeyapradhAna, jJAnasAdhana pradhAna aura cAritra pradhAna hai| parantu tattvArthasUtra meM jJAna jJeya aura cAritrakI samAna rUpase carcA pAI jAtI hai / jaise kundakundAcAryake pravacanasArameM kramase jJAna, jJeya aura cAritrakI mImAMsA kI gaI hai, tadanusAra hI tattvArtha sUtrameM bhI viSaya vibhAga kiyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jahA~ vaizeSika Adi darzanoMmeM tattvajJAnase nizreyasakI prApti batalAI hai vahA~ jaina darzanameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrako mokSakA mArga kahA hai / tathA jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tatvoMke zraddhAnako samyagdarzana aura unake yathArtha jJAnako samyagjJAna kahA hai| ataH mumukSu ke liye ina sAta tattvoMkA zraddhAna aura jJAna honA Avazyaka hai / usake binA mokSakA mArga nahIM khultaa| isIse jaina darzanameM ina sAta tattvoMkA jitanA mahattva hai utanA anya kisIkA bhI nahIM hai / kunda nirUpaNa kiyA hai isIse tattvArtha sUtrake kartAne bhI unhIMkA varNana sUtroMmeM karake apane sUtra granthako viSayake anurUpa tattvArtha nAma diyA hai ina tattvArthoke mAdhyamase unhoMne jaina sammata jJAna, jJeya aura cAritra sambandhI prAyaH sabhI maulika bAteM saMgRhIta kara dI haiM / 1. pahale adhyAyameM jJAnakI, dUsarese pAMcave taka cAra adhyAyoMmeM jJeyakI arthAta dUsare tIsare aura cauthe adhyAyameM jIvatattvakI aura pAMcaveMmeM ajIvatatvakI, tathA chaThese lekara dasarve taka cAritrakI, arthAt chaThe aura sAtaveM adhyAyameM Asrava tattva kI, AThaveM adhyAyameM bandhatattvakI, nauveM adhyAyameM saMvara aura nirjarA tattvoMkI aura dasaveM adhyAyameM mokSa tattvakI carcA hai / pahale adhyAyake 'pramANanayaradhigamaH' sUtrase jJAna viSayaka carcAkA prArambha hotA hai| pramANakI carcA to saba itara darzanoM meM hai, kintu naya to jaina darzanake anekAnta vAdakI hI dena hai / ataH isakI carcA itara darzanoM meM nahIM pAI jAtI / naya pramANakA hI bheda hai / sakalagrAhI jJAnako pramANa aura vastuke eka aMzako grahaNa karanevAle jJAnako naya kahate haiM /

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250 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa jaina darzana jJAnako hI pramANa mAnatA hai / jJAna pAMca haiM mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevala jJAna / pramANake do bheda haiM-pratyakSa aura parokSa / mati aura zrutajJAna parokSa haiM kyoMki ye indriyAdikI sahAyatAse hote haiN| zeSa tInoM jJAna pratyakSa haiM kyoMki kevala AtmAse hI utpanna hote haiN| kundakundAcAryane pravacanasArameM pratyakSa aura parokSa bhedoMkI carcA kI hai kintu mati Adi jJAnoMkI carcA nahIM kI hai, kevala jJAnakA hI vistArase upapAdana kiyA hai kyoMki vahI zuddha honese upAdeya hai| kintu tattvArtha sUtrakArane saba jAnoMkA kathana kiyA hai| mati jJAnakI utpatike sAdhana, unake bheda-prabheda, unakI utpattikA krama, zrutajJAnake bheda, avadhi jJAna aura manaHparyaya jJAnake bheda tathA unake pArasparika antara, pA~coM jJAnoMkA viSaya, unameMse eka sAtha eka jIvameM kitane jJAna rahanA saMbhava hai, unameMse Adike tIna jJAnoMke mithyA bhI honekA kAraNa, AdikA kathana haiM / antameM nayoMke bheda ginAye haiN| 2. dUsare adhyAyameM jIvatattvakA kathana hai| sabase prathama jIvake svatattva rUpase pA~ca bhAvoMko batalAte hue unake bhedoM kA kathana hai / phira jIvake saMsArI aura mukta bheda batalAkara saMsArI jIvoMke bheda-prabhedoMkA kathana hai| Age saMsArI jIvoMke honevAlI indriyoMke bheda-prabheda, unake viSaya, saMsArI jIvoMmeM indriyoMkA baTavArA, mRtyu aura janmake bIcakI sthiti, janmake bheda, unakI yoniyA~, jIvoM meM janmoMkA vibhAga, zarIrake bheda, unake svAmI, eka jIvake eka sAtha saMbhava ho sakanevAle zarIra, liMgoMkA vibhAga tathA antameM pUrI Ayu bhogakara hI marane vAle jIvoMkA kathana hai| 3. tIsare adhyAyameM adholoka aura madhyaloka kA varNana hai / adholokakA varNana prArambha karate hue sAta pRthiviyAM ginAkara tathA unakA AdhAra batalAkara unameM bane narakoMkI saMkhyA, una narakoMmeM basanevAle nArakI jIvoMkI dazA tathA unakI sudIrgha Ayu Adi batalAI hai| madhyalokake varNanameM usa lokakA bhaugolika varNana hai, jisameM hama rahate haiN| isa pRthvI para vartamAna dvIpoM, samudroM, parvatoM aura nadiyoM kA varNana karake antameM usameM basanevAle manuSyoM aura tiryoM kI Ayu bhI batalAI hai| __4. cauthe adhyAyameM UrdhvalokakA varNana hai usameM devoMke vividha bhedoMkA, jyoti maNDalakA tathA svarga lokakA varNana hai| 5. pAMcaveM adhyAyameM jIvake sivAya pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina cha dravyoM kA varNana hai / inakA varNana karate hue pratyeka dravyake pradezoMkI saMkhyA, unake dvArA avagAhita kSetra, aura pratyeka dravyakA kArya Adi batalAye

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 251 haiM / pudgalakA svarUpa batalAte hue usake bheda, usakI utpatike kAraNa, paudgalikabandhakI yogyatA-ayogyatA AdikA kathana hai / antameM sat, dravya, guNa, nitya aura pariNAmakA svarUpa batalAkara kAlako bhI dravya batalAyA hai / 6. chaThe adhyAyameM AsravatattvakA svarUpa usake bheda-prabheda aura kina-kina kAmoMke karane se kisa kisa karmakA Asrava hotA hai, usakA varNana hai / 7. sAtaveM adhyAyameM bratakA svarUpa, usake bheda-prabheda, liye hue vratoMko sthira karaneke liye tadanukUla bhAvanAeM, hiMsA Adi pA~ca pApoMkA svarUpa, sapta zIla, sallekhanA, tathA pratyeka vrata aura zIlameM saMbhAvya aticAra (doSa) kA varNana karate hue antameM dAnakA svarUpa aura usake phalameM tAratamya honeke kAraNa batalAye haiN| 8. AThaveM adhyAyameM karmabandhake mUla hetu batalAkara usake svarUpa tathA bhedoMkA vistAra pUrvaka kathana karate hue AThoM karmoMke nAma, pratyeka karmakI uttara prakRtiyA~, pratyeka karmakA sthitibandha, anubhAga tathA pradezabandhakA svarUpa vagairaha batalAyA hai| 9. nauveM adhyAyameM saMvarakA svarUpa, saMvarake hetu, gupti-samiti, dasa dharma, bAraha anuprekSa, bAIsa parISaha, caritra aura antaraMga tathA bahiraMga tapake bheda batalAye haiN| antameM dhyAnakA svarUpa, kAla, dhyAtA, dhyAnake bheda tathA pAMca prakArake nirgrantha sAdhuoMkA varNana hai| 10. dasaveM adhyAyameM kevala jJAnake hetu, mokSakA svarUpa, muktike pazcAt jIvake UvaM gamanakA dRSTAnta pUrvaka sayuktika samarthana tathA mukta jIvoMkA varNana hai / saMkSepameM yaha tattvArtha sUtrakA viSaya paricaya hai| do sUtrapATha tattvArtha sUtrake do pATha pracalita haiN| eka pATha vaha hai jisapara pUjyapAdane sarvArtha siddhi, aura akalaMkadevane apanA tattvArthavArtika racA hai| yaha pATha digambara paramparAmeM pracalita hai| dUsarA pATha vaha hai jisapara tathokta svopajJa bhASya racA gayA hai / yaha sUtra pATha zvetAmbara paramparAmeM mAnya hai| ina donoM pAThoMmeM jo antara hai vaha nIce diyA jAtA hai| _donoM pAThoMke anusAra dasoM adhyAyoMkI sUtra saMkhyA kramase isa prakAra haiprathama pATha-33 + 53 + 39 + 42 + 42 + 27+ 39 + 26+47 +9 ___ =357 dUsarA pATha-35 + 52 + 18+ 53 + 44 + 26 + 34 + 26 + 49 +7

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252 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 1. prathama adhyAyameM do sUtroMkI honAdhikatA hai| eka sUtra hai "dvividho'vadhiH // 21 // avadhi jJAnake do bheda haiN| yaha sUtra prathama pAThameM nahIM hai dUsare meM hai| isameM koI saiddhAntika bheda nahIM hai / saiddhAntika mata bhedakI dRSTise antima do sUtra ullekhanIya haiM-'naigamasaMgrahavyavahAraja sUtrazabdA nayAH // 34 // Adyazabdo dvitribhedau // 35 // ye donoM sUtra dUsare pAThameM haiN| pahale pAThameM inake sthAnameM eka hI sUtra hai-'nagamasaMgrahavyavahAraRjusUtrazabdasamabhirUDhavaMbhUtA nayAH / / 33 // dUsare pAThake anusAra nayake mUla bheda pAMca hai aura unameM se prathama naigama nayake, do bheda haiM aura zabdanayake sAmprata, samabhirUr3ha aura evaM bhUta ye tIna bheda hai / prathama pAThake anusAra nayake mUla bheda sAta haiM-naigama saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta / ye sAta nayoMkI paramparA hI prAcIna paramparA hai| AgamoMko bhI yahI paramparA mAnya hai| dUsare pATha gata nayoMko paramparA anyatra nahIM miltii| dUsare pAThavAle sUtroMkI vyAkhyAmeM paM0 sukhalAlajIne bhI isa bAtako mAnya kiyA hai likhA hai-'eka paramparA to sIdhe taura para pahale se hI sAta bhedoMko mAnatI hai "yaha paramparA jainAgamoM aura digambara granthoM kI hai|........ tIsarI paramparA prastuta sUtra aura usake bhASyagata hai / ' (ta0 sa0 pR0 51) yaha to huA donoM sUtrapAThoMmeM do sUtroMko lekara antr| zeSa sUtroMmeM samAnatA hote hue bhI tIna sUtroMmeM kiJcit bheda pAyA jAtA hai / sUtra 15 meM matijJAnakA tIsarA bheda bhASya aura usake sUtra meM 'apAya' hai aura sarvArthasiddhivAle prathama sUtra pAThameM avAya hai| paM0 sukhalAlajIne apAyake sthAnameM 'avAya' hI pATha rakhA hai| nandi sUtrameM bhI 'avAya' pATha hI hai / akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavArtikameM donoM pAThoMmeM kevala zabda bheda batalAyA hai| kintu ubhaya paramparA sammata prAcIna pATha avAya hI hai apAya nhiiN| 'bahu bahuvidha' Adi sUtra 16 meM prathama pAThameM 'anisRtAnukta' pATha hai aura dUsare pAThameM 'anisRtAsandigdha' pATha hai| zve0 sthAnAMga sUtra (sU0510) meM aura nandisUtrameM yahI pATha pAyA jAtA hai / avadhijJAnake dUsare bhedake pratipAdaka sUtrameM prathama pAThameM 'kSayopazamanimittaH' pATha hai aura dUsare meM 'yathoktanimittaH' pATha hai / yadyapi donoMke AzayameM koI antara nahIM hai / tathApi kSayopazamake liye 'yathokta' zabdakA prayoga asaMgata hai kyoMki usase pahale kisI sUtrameM kSayopazama zabda nahIM AyA hai| 1. 'bAha-kimayapAya uta avAya ? ubhayathA na doSaH / ta0 vA0, pR0 61

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 253 2. dUsare adhyAyameM prathama sUtra pAThameM 'tejasamapi' tathA 'zeSAstrivedAH / ' do sUtra adhika haiM / pahalemeM thor3A saiddhAntika mata bheda bhI hai| isI taraha dUmare sUtra pAThameM 'upayogaH sparzAdiSu' || 19|| sUtra adhika hai| zeSa sUtroMmeM samAnatA hote hue bhI katipaya sthaloMmeM antara pAyA jAtA hai / prathama sUtra pAThameM 'jIvabhavyAbhavyatvAni ca ||7|| sUtra hai aura dUsaremeM' jIva bhavyAbhavyatvAdIni ca ||7|| sUtra hai / prathama pAThameM jina pAraNAmika bhAvoMkA grahaNa 'ca' zabdase kiyA hai dUsare pAThapeM unhIMkA grahaNa 'Adi' padase kiyA hai / akalaMkadevane' 'Adi' padako sadoSa batalAyA hai / saMsArI jIvake do bheda haiM trasa aura sthAvara / tathA sthAvarake pA~ca bheda haiMpRthivIkAyika, jalakAyika, taijaskAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika | ye bheda donoM paramparAoMko mAnya haiM / kintu trasakA zabdArtha hotA hai - jo calatA hai / isa apekSAse dUsare sUtra pAThameM taijaskAyika aura vAyukAyikako bhI sa kahA hai kyoMki vAyu aura AgameM calana kriyA pAI jAtI hai / ataH donoM sUtrapAThoMke sUtra 13-14 meM antara par3a gayA hai / kundakundane bhI apane paJcAstikAya ( gA0 111 ) meM agnikAyika aura vAyukAyika jIvoMko trasa kahA hai kintu unhoMne unheM sthAvaroMke bhedoMmeM bhI ginAyA hai / dUsare sUtrapATha aura usake bhASyameM bhI sthAvarake tIna hI bheda batalAye haiM / aura tejaskAyika tathA vAyukAyikakI gaNanA kevala trasoMmeM hI kI hai / dUsare adhyAyake anya bhI do cAra sUtroMmeM antara pAyA jAtA hai / yathA prathama sUtra pATha 1. eka samayA'vigrahA ||29|| 2. ekaM dvautrInvA'nAhArakaH ||30|| 3. jarAyujANDajapotAnAM garmaH ||33|| 4. devanArakAraNAmupapAdaH ||34|| 5. paraM paraM sUkSmam ||37|| 6. cAhArakaM pramattasaMyatasyaiva // 49 // 7. aupapAtika caramottama dehA // 43 || dvitIya sUtra pATha eka samayo'vigrahaH / / 30 // ekaM dvau vA'nAhArakaH // 31 // jarAyvaNDapotajAnAM garbhaH // 34 // nArakadevAnAmupapAtaH / / 35 / / teSAM paraM paraM sUkSmam ||38|| cAhArakaM caturdazapUrvaghara // 46 // aupapAtika caramadehottama puruSa // 52 // inameM se naM0 2, 6 aura 7 meM jo antara hai vaha saiddhAntika matabhedako lie hue haiM / naM0 2 ke (31) sambandha meM TIkAkAra haribhadra aura siddhasenane likhA hai ki koI 'vA' zabdase tInakA bhI saMgraha karate haiM / 1. 'AdigrahaNamatra nyAyyamiticet trividhapAriNAmikabhAvapratijJAhAneH' / - ta0 vA0, pR0 113 /

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254 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 3. tIsare adhyAyameM prathama pAThameM 21sUtra adhika haiN| dUsare pAThameM ve sUtra nahIM hai / pahale sUtrameM donoM pAThoMmeM thor3A antara hai| dUsare pAThameM 'adho'SaH pRthutarA' pATha hai jabaki pahalemeM 'pRthutarA' pATha nahIM hai| akalaMka devane tattvArtha' vAtikameM isa pAThakI AlocanA kI hai aura use sadoSa batalAyA hai| saiddhAntika dRSTise anya koI ullekhanIya antara nahIM hai / 4. cauthe adhyAyameM ullekhanIya antara haiN| jinameMse sabase adhika utlekhanIya hai svargokI saMkhyAmeM antarakA honaa| prathama pAThake anusAra svarga solaha ginAye gaye haiM aura dUsare pAThake anusAra bAraha ginAye gaye haiM / kintu akalaMka devane isa matabhedakI carcA nahIM kI hai| kintu svargake devoMmeM pravIcArako batalAnevAle sUtra meM 'zeSAH sparzarUpazabda manaH pravIcArAH' ke antameM dvitIya pAThameM 'dvayodayoH' pATha adhika hai / akalaMkane isakI AlocanA karake use 'ArSa viruddha' batalAyA hai| devoMkI sthitike sambandhameM donoM paramparAoMmeM antara hai| ataH sUtra pAThameM bhI antara pAyA jAtA hai| lokAntika devoMkI sthitikA pratipAdaka sUtra prathama sUtra pAThameM hai, dUsaremeM nahIM hai / 5. pAMcave adhyAyameM antara paraka pA~ca cha sthala hai| dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'dravyANi' 'jIvAzca' yaha eka sUtra haiN| kintu prathama sUtra pATha meM ye do sUtra hai| akalaMka deva ne tattvArtha vArtikameM yaha zaGkA uThAI hai ki 'dra vyANi jIvAH' aisA eka hI sUtra kyoM nahIM rkhaa| akalaMka deva ne usakA samAdhAna karake do sUtra rakhanekA hI samarthana kiyA hai| isI taraha dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'asaMkhyeyAH pradezA dharmAdharmayoH' 'jIvasya' ye do sUtra haiM / prathama sUtra pAThameM donoMke sthAnameM eka hI sUtra hai-'asaMkhyeyAH pradezA dharmAdharmaMkajIvAnAm / pahale sUtra pAThameM 'sadravya lakSaNam' ' // 29 // ' yaha sUtra adhika hai| dUsase sUtra pAThameM yaha sUtra to nahIM hai kintu bhASyameM usakA Azaya AgayA hai| ukta antaroMmeM saiddhAntika matabhedakI koI bAta nahIM hai| kintu pudgala paramANuoMke bandhake kathanameM saiddhAntika matabheda pAyA jAtA hai| prathama sUtra pAThameM 'bandhe'dhiko pAriNAmiko // 37 // pATha hai aura dUsare sUtra pAThameM usake sthAna 'bandhe samAdhiko pAriNAmiko' ' // 35 // ' pATha hai| akalaMka devane 'samAdhiko' pAThakI 1. 'pRthutarAH' itikeSAJcit pAThaH |'-t0 vA0, pR0 161 / 2. 'dvayordvayoritivacanAt siddhiriticet na ArSavirodhAt' / ta0 vA0, pR0 215 / 1. 'samAdhikAvityapareSAM pAThaH // 3 // tadanupapattirArSavirodhAt ||4||-t0 vA0, pR0 500 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 255 AlocanA karate hue use ArSaviruddha batalAyA hai aura apane pakSake samarthanameM SaTkhaNDAgama' kA pramANa diyA hai| prathama sUtra pAThameM 'kAlazca // 39 // sUtra hai aura dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'kAlazcetyeke // 38 / / sUtra hai| isa antarakA kAraNa yaha hai ki digambara paramparA eka matase kAlako dravya mAnatI hai| kintu zvetAmbara paramparAmeM matabheda hai| dUsare sUtra pAThake antima tIna sUtra 42-44 prathama sUtra pAThameM nahIM haiN| akalaMkadevane' usameM pratipAdita matakA khaNDana kiyA hai| chaThe adhyAyameM saiddhAntika matabhedakI dRSTise donoM sUtra pAThoMmeM koI ullekhanIya antara nahIM haiN| phira bhI antara to hai hii| dUsare sUtra pAThameM zubhaH puNyasya // 3 // azubhaHpApasya ye, do sUtra haiM aura prathama sUtra pAThameM eka sUtrake rUpameM haiM / aura alpArambha parigrahatvaM mAnuSasya // 17 / svabhAvamArdavaM ca // 18 // prathama sUtra pAThameM ye do sUtra haiN| aura dUsare sUtra pAThameM inake sthAnameM eka sUtra hai-alpArambhaparigrahatvaM svabhAvamArdavArjavaM ca mAnuSasya // 18 // 7 sAtaveM adhyAyameM sUtra tInake pazcAt ahiMsA Adi vratoMkI bhAvanAoMko batalAnevAle 5 sUtra prathama sUtra pATha meM hai, kintu dUsaremeM nahIM hai / sUtra tInake bhASyameM unakA bhAva A jAtA hai / isake sivAya kaI sUtroMmeM zAbdika antara pAyA jAtA hai| 8 AThaveM adhyAyakA dUsarA sUtra dUsare sUtra pAThameM do sUtroMke rUpameM vibhakta hai / jJAnAvaraNIya karmake pA~ca bheda batalAnevAlA sUtra dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'matyAdInAm' ||5||hai jo saMkSipta hai| kintu prathama sUtra pAThameM 'matizru tAvadhimana:paryayakevalAnAm // 6 / / hai / akalaMkadevane 'matyAdInAm' pAThakI AlocanA karake prathama sUtra pATha vAle sUtrako hI saMgata batalAyA hai / isI taraha dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'dAnAdInAm // 14 // ' sUtra hai| usake sthAnameM prathama sUtra pAThameM 'dAnalAbhabhogopabhogavIryANAm // 13 // ' sUtra hai| inameM koI saMddhAntika matabheda nahIM hai / kintu puNya prakRtiyoMkA pratipAdana karane vAle sUtroMmeM maulika antara hai / tathA dUsare sUtra pAThameM pApa prakRtiyoMko batalAne vAlA koI sUtra nahIM hai, jabaki prathama sUtra pAThameM 'tato'nyat pApam // 26 // sUtra hai / 9 nauveM adhyAyameM zAbdika bhedoMke sivAya jo ullekhanIya antara haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM - cAritrake bheda batalAne vAle sUtra naM0 18 ke antameM prathama sUtra pAThameM 1. ta0 vA0, pR0 503 / 2 'matyAdInAmiti pATho laghutvAditi cet na'.."ta0 vA0, pR0 570 / 3. 'sadvedyazubhApurnAmagotrANi puNyam // 55 // tathA 'sada dya-samyaktva hAsyarati puruSavedazubhAyunAmagotrANi puNyam // 36 // '

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256 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 'yathAkhyAtamiti cAritram' pATha hai aura dUsare satra pAThameM 'yathAkhyAtAni cAritram' pATha hai| phira bhI koI saMddhAntika matabheda isameM nahIM hai| isI taraha dhyAnakA svarUpa batalAne vAle sUtra naM0 28 ke antameM prathama sUtra pAThameM 'dhyAnamAntarmuhUt'i pATha hai / aura dUsare sUtra pAThameM 'dhyAnam' ke sAtha hI 27vAM sUtra samApta ho jAtA hai aura 'AmuhartAta' 28vAM satra haiN| isakA artha mahartaparyanta hotA hai kintu TIkAkAra siddhasena gaNine usakA artha antarmuhUrta paryanta hI kiyA hai| ArtadhyAnakA kathana karanevAle sUtroMmeM zAbdika antarake sAtha hI sAtha bhedoMke kramameM bhI thor3A antara hai| kintu dharma dhyAnakA kathana karane vAle sUtrameM dharma dhyAnake svAmIko lekara maulika antara hai / prathama sUtra pAThameM dharmadhyAnake pratipAdaka sUtra naM0 26 ke antameM svAmIkA vidhAna karanevAlA 'apramattasaMyatasya' aMza nahIM hai, jabaki dUsare sUtrapAThameM hai| tathA dUsare sUtrapAThameM isa sUtrake bAda jo 'upazAnta-kSINakaSAyayozca // 38 // sUtra hai vaha bhI prathama sUtra pAThameM nahIM hai| akalaMkadevane ina donoMkA khaNDana kiyA hai| zukladhyAna pratipAdaka sUtroMmeMse bhI eka do meM thor3A sA antara pAyA jAtA hai| 10 dasaveM adhyAyameM prathama sUtra pAThakA dUsarA sUtra dUsare sUtra pAThameM do sUtroMmeM vibhakta hai| isI taraha prathama sUtrapAThake sUtra naM0 3 aura 4, dUsare sUtrapAThameM eka sUtrake rUpameM saMyukta haiN| tathA 'bhavyatvAnAM' ke sthAnameM 'bhavyatvAbhAvAcca' pATha hai / prathama sUtra pAThake sUtra naM0 7 aura 8 dUsare sUtra pAThameM nahIM haiM / unakI pUrti bhASyase ho jAtI hai| isa taraha donoM sUtra pAThoMmeM sAdhAraNa antarake sAtha hI sAtha maulika antara bhI pAyA jAtA hai| bhASya samasta sUtra pAThameM matabhedakA bAhulya-tattvArthasUtrake jisa sUtra pATha para sarvArthasiddhi TIkA banI hai aura jise digambara paramparA mAnya karatI hai, usa sUtra pAThameM kvacit ho sAdhAraNa pAThabheda pAyA jAtA hai| jaise tIsare adhyAyake 38veM sUtrameM sarvArthasiddhi meM 'nRsthitI parApare' pATha hai aura tatvArthavAtikameM 'nRsthitI parAvare' pATha hai| isa tarahakA zabda bheda bhI bahuta hI virala hai / ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki digambara paramparAke sUtra pAThameM koI antara nahIM hai, vaha eka rUpameM hI mAnya hai / kintu tathokta svopajJa bhASyake rahate hue bhI bhASya sammata sUtrapAThameM bahuta matabheda hai / TIkAkAra siddhasena gaNine apanI 1. 'dharmyamapramattasyeti cet, na, pUrveSAM vinivRttiprasaMgAt // 13 // ' 'upazAnta kSINakaSAyayozceticenna zuklAbhAvaprasaMgat ||14||-t0 vA0, pR0 632 / 2. donoM sUtrapAThoMke antarakA spaSTa vibaraNa paM0 sukhalAlajIkRta tattvArtha sUtrake hindI anuvAdake prArambhameM diyA huA hai /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUla sAhitya : 257 TIkAmeM aneka pATha bhedoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| yahAM unakA thor3A sA digdarzana karA denA ucita hogaa| prathama adhyAya ke 16 veM sUtrameM mudrita bhASya pratimeM-'kSiprAnisRtAnuktadhruvA' pATha hai aura bhA yameM bhI 'anuktamavagRhNAti uktamavagRhNAti' tadanukUla hI pATha hai| kintu siddhasenagaNikI TIkAvAlI mudrita pratike sUtrameM tathA bhASya meM 'anukta' ke sthAna para 'asandigdha' pATha pAyA jAtA hai| kintu siddhasenakI TIkAmeM anukta uktakI hI vyAkhyA hai jisase pratIta hotA hai ki unheM yahI pATha mAnya thaa| tathA unhoMne inake sthAnameM eka tIsare 'nizcita' aura 'anizcita' pAThAntarakA nirdeza kiyA hai| isa tarahase tIna pATha bheda pAye jAte haiM / digambara paramparAmeM kevala eka 'anukta' pATha hI pracalita hai / 2. isI adhyAyake 27veM sUtrameM 'sarvadravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSu' pATha hai / kintu 20veM sUtrake bhASyameM jo 27veM sUtrakA aMza uddhata hai usameM 'sarva' pada nahIM hai, yathA'vakSyati dravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSu' / digambarIya pAThameM bhI isa sUtrameM jisakI krama saMkhyA 26 hai 'sarva' zabda nahIM pAyA jAtA / ___3. dUsare adhyAyake 'samanaskAmanaskAH / / 11 / / 'saMsAriNastrasasthAvarAH // 12 // ina sUtroMke sambandhameM TIkAkAra siddhasenane likhA hai ki anya AcArya sUtrako hI badala dete hai, ve pahale 'saMsAriNaH' phira sasthAvarAH aura phira 'samanaskAmanaskA' par3hate haiM yaha ThIka nahIM hai| 4. isI adhyAyake 'upayogaH sparzAdiSu // 19 // ' sUtrake sambandhameM siddhasenane likhA hai, ki koI isako sUtra rUpase nahIM maante| unakA kahanA hai ki yaha to bhASyake vAkyako sUtra banA diyA hai / digambara pAThameM yaha sUtra nahIM hai| 5. isI dUsare adhyAyake 24veM sUtra aura usake bhASyako lekara siddhasenane likhA hai-anya AcArya isa bhASyako ativisaMsthula (atyanta asantulita) dekha 1. 'avyAptidoSabhItyA cAparimaM vikalpaM projjhaya ayaM vikalpa upanyasto nizcitamavagRhNAtIti |'-si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0, pR0 85 / 2. 'anye punaH sUtrameva viparyAsayanti vibhajya prAk tAvat saMsAriNaH pazcAt 'sasthAvarAH' tataH samanaskAmanaskA iti |'-si0ttii0, bhA. 1, pR. 156 / 3. 'kecid bhASante sUtramidaM na bhavati bhASyameva sUtrIkRtya kecidadhIyate / ' vahI, pR0 169 / 4. apare'tivisaMsthulamidamAlokya bhASyaM viSaNNAH santaH sUtre manuSyAdigrahaNa manArSa miti saGgirante / apare vAtakinaH svayamuparamya sUtramadhIyate'atIdriyAH' kevalinaH |-vhii, pR0 175 / 17

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258 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kara khedakhinna hote hue sUtrameM 'manuSyAdi' padake grahaNako anArSa kahate haiM / anya bakavAdI isa sUtrake pazcAt 'atIndriyAH kevalinaH' aisA sUtra rakhate haiN| 6. audArika "zarIrANi // 2-37 // isa sUtrakI TIkAmeM siddhasenane likhA' hai ki kucha AcArya isa sUtrake eka aMza 'zarIrANi'ko pRthaka sUtra mAnate haiM / 7. 'labdhi prtyynyc||48||' sUtrake pazcAt digambara sUtra pAThameM 'taijasamapi' sUtra AtA hai| bhASyameM yaha sUtra rUpase nahIM chapA hai| haribhadrakI TIkAmeM 'zubhavizuddhA ityAdi sUtrake bAda yaha sUtra rUpase AyA hai / siddhasenakI TIkAkI mudrita pratikI TippaNImeM ise ka0 kha0 pratimeM sUtra batalAyA hai / zve0 tattvArthAdhigama sUtrakI jo saTippaNa prati pAI jAtI hai usameM 'taijasamapi'ko bhI sUtra mAnA hai| 8. siddhasena gaNikA kahanA hai ki koI sUtra 2-49 ke antameM 'akRtsnazrutasyaddhimataH' itanA vizeSaNa aura jor3ate haiM / 9. siddhasena gaNikA kahanA hai ki kinhIMkA aisA mata hai ki sUtra 1-52meM sUtrakArane 'uttama puruSa' padakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| 10. tattvArthadhigama sUtrakI saTippaNa pratimeM tIsare adhyAyake prathama sUtrake pazcAt 'dharmAvaMzAzalAjanAriSTAmAghavyAmAghavIti ca' aisA sUtra pAyA jAtA hai| 11. siddhasenakI vRttimeM sUtra 3-11 meM 'varSadhara parvatAH' ke sthAnameM 'vaMzadhara parvatAH' pATha pAyA jAtA hai| tathA haribhadrakI TIkAmeM aura mudrita bhASya pratimeM AryA mlecchAzca // 15 // ke sthAnameM 'AryA mlizazca' sUtra pAyA jAtA hai / 12. tattvArthAdhigamakI TippaNa vAlI pratimeM sUtra 4-22 ke pazcAt 'uchvAsAhAravedanopapAtAnubhAvatazca sAdhyAH' aisA sUtra hai| 13. siddhasenane pAMcave adhyAyake 'nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / / 3 // ' ke saMbaMdha 1. 'atra kecit sUtrAvayavamavacchidya zarIrANIti pRthak sUtra kalpayanti' / vahI, pR0 195 / 2. pR0 208 / 3. 'ataeva kecidaparituSyantaH sUtramAcAryakRtanyAsAdadhikamabhidhIyate-'akRtsna zrutasyAddhimataH' / si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 209 / / 4. 'kecidabhidadhate-nAsti sUtrakArasyottamapuruSagrahaNamiti |'-vhii, pR0 221 / 5. 'apare dvidhA bhindanti sUtram 'nityAvasthitAni'""tato'rUpANi / '........ atrApare vyAcakSate yatkaJcidetat 'nityAvasthitArUpANi ityeva pAThe lamyata evAbhilaSitorthaH'-vahI, pR0 321 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 252, likhA hai ki koI isa sUtrako nityAvasthitAni, arUpANi aise do sUtra mAnate haiM / tathA 'nityAvasthitArUpANi' aisA bhI pATha pAyA jAtA hai / 14. ' arpitAnapita siddheH || 5 - 31 / / ' jAtA hai / 15. 'azubhaH pApasya / / 64 / / ' haribhadrakI TIkAmeM yaha sUtra nahIM hai lekina 'zeSaM pApam' aisA sUtra hai / siddhasenakI TIkA meM 'azubhaH pApasya' sUtrarUpase chapA / lekina TIkA meM ' ' zeSaM pApam' hI sUtrarUpase abhimata mAlUma hotA hai / isa sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM matabheda pAyA 16. 'indriyakaSAyAvratakriyA - / / 6-6 // sarvatra yahI pATha pAyA jAtA hai / kintu sUtrake bhASyameM avrata kA kathana pahale kiyA hai / isa parase, avrata kaSA - yendriyakriyAH ' aisA bhI cala par3A hai / yadyapi siddhasena ne sUtra aura bhASyakI aMsagatiko dUra karanekA prayatna apanI TIkAmeM kiyA hai / 17. tattvArthAdhigama sUtrakI TippaNavAlI pratimeM sUtra // 6- 20|| ke pazcAt 'samyaktvaM ca ' aisA sUtra hai / digambara paramparA ise sUtra mAnatI hai / 18. 'duHkhameva vA / / 7-5 // sUtrakI TIkAmeM siddhasenane likhA hai ki isI sUtrake 'vyAdhipratIkAratvAt kaNDUparigatatvAccAbrahma' tathA 'parigraheSvaprAptaprAptanaSTeSu kAMkSAzoko prApteSu ca rakSaNamupabhogevAvitRpti' ina bhASya vAkyoM ko koI do sUtra rUpa mAnate haiM / 19. sUtra / / 7 - 23 / / kI TIkA meM siddhasenane likhA hai ki isa sUtra ke sthAnameM koI 'paravivAhakaraNetvarikAparigRhItAparigRhItAgamanAna GgakrIDAtIvrakAmAbhinivezA' aisA sUtra par3hate haiM / tathA kucha loga isI sUtrakA pada viccheda paravivAhakaraNaM itvArikAgamanaM parigRhItAparigRhItAgamanaM anaGgakrIDA tIvrakAmAbhiniveza' aisA karate haiM / ukta sUtra digambarIya pAThase eka dama milatA hai / 20. TippaNa vAlI sUtra pratimeM 'sacittanikSepapidhAna // 7-31 // Adi sUtra nahIM hai| 21. TippaNa vAlI sUtra pratimeM dasaveM adhyAyake antameM 'dharmAstikAyAbhAvAt' ye sUtra hai / digambara paramparA bhI ise sUtra mAnatI hai / isa taraha bhASyake hote hue bhI zve0 sUtra pAThameM jo itane mata bheda pAye jAte 1. ' evaM puNyaM karma vinizcitya pApavinizcayAyAha - zeSaM pApamiti / - si0 Ti0, bhA0 2, pR0 7 / 2. ' tatazca ye bhASyameva kayA'pi buddhayA sUtrIkRtyAdhIyate / ' - vahI, bhA0 2, pR0 55 / 3. ' anye paThanti sUtram / ' - vahI, bhA0 2, pR0 109 /

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260 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa haiM ve Azcarya janaka haiM / ye mata bheda kevala bhASyake vAkyoMko galatIse sUtra samajha leneke hI kAraNa nahIM hue hai| ye saba sUtra pAThakI asthiratAke sUcaka hai| tattvArtha sUtrakI racanAkA AdhAra ___ tattvArtha sUtrakI racanAkA AdhAra khojaneke do uddezya haiM, prathama to usase usakI racanAke samayapara prakAza par3a skegaa| dUsare usase sUtrakArakI paramparA para bhI prakAza par3a skegaa| isa tulanAtmaka adhyayanake dvArA aneka saiddhAntika tathya bhI prakAzameM AsakeMge / kintu yahAM hamArA unase vizeSa prayojana nahIM hai / 1 tattvArtha sUtrakA Arambha 'samyagdarzana jJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' sUtrase hotA hai / zve0 paramparAke uttarAdhyayana nAmaka sUtrakA 28 vAM adhyayana mokSa mArga nAmakA hai / paM0 'sukhalAla jI usI adhyayanako tattvArtha racanekI kalpanAkA AbhArI mAnate haiM / usakI dUsarI gAthAmeM jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapako mokSakA mArga kahA hai| yadyapi tattvArtha sUtrake nauveM adhyayanameM tapakA bhI varNana hai kintu sUtrakArane use cAritrameM gabhita karake samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrako mokSakA mArga kahA hai| . udhara AcArya kunda-kunda ne apane niyamasArako Arambha karate hue kahA hai ki-'jina zAsanameM mArga aura mArga phalako kahA hai mokSake upAyako mArga kahate haiM aura usakA phala nirvANa hai // tathA jJAnadarzana aura cAritrako niyama kahate hai aura mithyA darzana, mithyA jJAna aura mithyA cAritra kA parIhAra karaneke liye usake sAtha sAra' pada lagAyA hai| ina tInoMmeMse pratyekakA kathana yahAM kiyA jAtA hai|' tattvArtha sUtrameM bhI mithyA darzanAdikA parihAra karaneke liye darzanAdike sAtha samyag' pada lagAyA hai| 2. tasU0 ke 1-2 sUtrameM tattvArthake zraddhAnako samyagdarzana kahA hai aura jIva ajIva Adi sAta tattva batalAye haiM / uttarAdhyayanake ukta 283 adhyayanameM jIva 1. tasU0ko prastAvanA pR0 51kA TippaNa naM0 4 / 2. 'mokkhamagga gaI taccaM suNeha jiNa bhAsiyaM / caukAraNasaMjutaM nANa saNa lkkhnnN||1|| nANaM ca dasaMNaM ceva carittaM ca tavo tahA / esa maggA tti pannato jiNehi varadasihiM ||2||'-uttraa0 3. jIvAjIvA ya baMdho ya punapAvAsavo thaa| saMvaro nijjarA mokkho saMtee tahiyA nava ||14||-thiyaannN tu bhAvANaM, savvabhAve uvaesaNaM / bhAveNa saddahaMtassa sammattaM taM viyAhiyAM ||15||-uttraa0 / 'nava sambhAva payatthA paNNatte / taM jahA-sthA0 9,mU0 665 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 261 ajIva Adi nau tathya bhAvoMke zraddhAnako samyagdarzana kahA hai / kintu jIva ajIva Adike liye tattvArtha zabdakA prayoga hameM kisI bhI zve0 AgamameM nahIM milaa| sAtha hI tattvoMkI sAta saMkhyAkA nirdeza bhI usameM nahIM hai| udhara kunda-kundake niyamasArameM' Apta, Agama aura tattvoMke zraddhAnako samyaktva kahA hai / tathA Agamake dvArA kathita padArthoMko tattvArtha kahA hai| aura bhAva prAmRta (gA0 95) meM spaSTa rUpase nau padArthoM aura sAta tattvoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai| ____3. ta0 sU 1-8 meM sat saMkhyA Adi ATha anuyoga batalAye haiN| anuyogadvAra sUtrameM nau ginAye haiM, jinameM 'bhAga' adhika hai| kintu SaTkhaNDAgamake jIvaTThANakI satprarUpaNAke prAthamika sUtrameM tattvArtha sUtrakI taraha ATha hI anuyoga ginAye haiN| 4. mati Adi pA~ca jJAnoMkA varNana jaisA tattvArtha sUtrameM hai vaisA hI zvetAmbara AgamoMmeM bhI hai aura di0 SaTkhaNDAgamake vargaNAkhaNDake antargata karma prakRti anuyoga dvArameM bhI hai / phira bhI eka bAta ullekhanIya hai| ta0 sU0 (1-13)meM mati smRti saMjJA cintAko matijJAnake nAmAntara kahA hai| ukta SaTakha0 ke karmaprakRti meM bhI 'saNNA sadI madI ciMtA cedi // 41 // ' likhakara saMjJA, smRti, mati aura cintAko matijJAnakA nAmAntara kahA hai / kintu nandi sUtrameM cintAkA nAma nahIM hai / ataH ukta sUtra nandI sUtrakI apekSA SaTkhaNDAgamake hI ukta sUtrakA RNI pratIta hotA hai| di0 sUtra pAThameM 'bhavapratyayo'vadhidevanArakANAM // 21 // ' pATha hai| SaTkhaNDAgamake ukta karma prakRti anu0 meM bhI 'jaM taM bhavapaccaiyaM taM devaNeraiyANaM // 54 // aisA sUtra hai / ukta sUtra isa sUtrakA hI saMskRta rUpAntara jaisA pratIta hotA hai / zvetAmbara nandi sUtra 7 tathA sthA0 sU0 (sthA0 2, u0 1, sU0 71) meM bhI 'devANaM ya neraiyANaM ya' likhakara devoMko nArakiyoMse pahale rakhA hai| kintu ta0 1. attAgamataccANaM havei sammattaM / 5 / teNadu kahiyA havaMti taccatthA ||8||-ni0 saa0| 2. 'satsaMkhyA kSetrasparzana-kAlAntara-bhAvAlpabahutvaMzca' ||8||-t. sU0 / 'se ki taM aNugame navavihe paNNate / 'taMjahA-saMtapayaparUpaNayA, davvapamANaM ca, khitta, phusaNA ya, kAlo ya aMtaraM, bhAga, bhAva, appAbahumaM ceva', anu0 saM0 80 / 'saMtaparUvaNA danapamANANugamo khetANu0 phosaNA0 kAlA0 aMtarA, bhAvA0 appAbahugANugamo cedi ||7||-ssttvN0, pu0 1 / 3. 'sannAsaI maI pannA savvaM bhAbhiNibohimaM |'-nndi0 /

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262 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa sU0 ke0 zve0 sUtra pAThameM 'nArakadevAnAM' likhakara nArakiyoMko devoMse pahale rakhA hai| yaha krama ukta digambara tathA zvetAmbara AgamoMmese kisI se bhI mela nahIM khaataa| AcArya kundakundane' jJAnake mati Adi pA~ca bheda batalAye haiM tathA pratyakSa aura parokSa bhedoMkA ullekha pravacanasAra (1-58) meM kiyA hai| aura tadanusAra ta0 sU0 meM bhI jJAnake pAMca bhedoMkA tathA unheM pramANa batalAkara pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoMmeM unake antarbhAvakA kathana kiyA hai ! mati jJAnakA prAcIna Agamika nAma abhinibodha thA aura mati usakA nAmAntara thA / SaTkhaNDAgamameM, kundakundake paJcAstikAyameM aura nandi sUtra vargarahameM abhinibodha nAma hI milatA hai| tattvArtha sUtrake kartAne usake sthAnameM matiko sthAna dekara abhinibodhako usakA nAmAntara batalAyA aura tabase abhinibodha nAma lupta jaisA ho gyaa| aba hama dUsare adhyAyakI ora Ate haiM / dUsare adhyAyake prArambhameM jIvake pA~ca bhAvoM aura unake bheda prabhedoMkA kathana hai| sthAnAMga sUtrameM jIvake cha bhAva batalAye haiM-audayika, aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, pAriNAmika aura sAnnipAtika / kintu tattvArtha sUtra meM sAnnipAtika bhAvako nahIM ginaayaa| siddhasena gaNine apanI TIkAmeM 'mitra' zabdase sAnnipAtikakA grahaNa mAnakara santoSa kara liyA hai| hA~, akalaMka devane sAnnipAtikakA abhAva batalAkara bhI mizra zabdase usakA grahaNa karate hue donoM paramparAoMkA samanvaya karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| 'vigrahavatI ca saMsAriNaH prAk catubhyaH / ' isa sUtrameM sUtrakArane cAra samaya vAlI gatikA nirdeza kiyA hai| isaparase siddhasenagaNine ukta sUtrakI TIkAmeM likhA hai ki pAMca samayavAlI bhI gati hotI hai kintu sUtrameM usakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai / digambara paramparAmeM pAMca samayavAlI gatikA vidhAna hI nahIM hai / ataH ukta sUtra digambara paramparA sammata haiM / 1. 'AbhiNisudohi maNa kevalANi NANANi paMca bhedANi' // 41 / / paJcAstika 2. sthA0 sU0, sthAna 6, sU0 537 / 3. 'sAnnipAtiko'pi lAghaveSiNA pRthak nopAttaH mizragrahaNAdeva pratilabdhaH / ' si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 137 / 4. 'tathA paJcasamayA'pi gatiH saMbhavati na copAttA sUtre / ' -si0 ga0 TI0 bhA0 1, pR0 184 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 263 pAMcaveM adhyAyameM dravyoMke viSayameM jo kathana kiyA gayA hai vaha kundakundAcArya ke pravacanasAra, paJcAstikAya aura niyamasArameM prAyaH saba vaNita hai| tattvArthasUtrameM 'utpAdavyaya dhrauvya yuktaM sat' sadravyalakSaNam aura 'guNaparyayavad dravyam' ina tIna sUtroMke dvArA dravyake lakSaNakA vidhAna kiyA hai| zve0 pAThameM 'sadvyalakSaNaM' sUtra nahIM hai| ye tInoM sUtra kundakundake paJcAstikAyakI gAthAmeM bIja rUpase jyoMke tyoM vidyamAna haiM / mAnoM sUtrakArane unheM vahA~se uThAkara sUtra rUpameM nibaddha kara diyA hai / gAthA isa prakAra hai davvaM sallakkhaNiyaM uppAdavayadhuvattasaMjuttaM / guNapajjayAsayaM vA jaM taM bhaNNaMti savvaNhu // 10 // paM0 sukhalAlajIne bhI isa bAtako svIkAra karate hue likhA hai ki ye sUtra kundakundake paJcAstikAyakI gAthAmeM pUrNarUpase vidyamAna hai / isake sivAya kundakundake prasiddha granthoMke sAtha tatvArtha sUtrakA jo zAbdika tathA vastugata mahatvakA sAdRzya hai vaha Akasmika to hai hI nhiiN|' (ta0 sU0 prastA0, pR0 11-12) / uttarAdhyayana sUtrake jisa 28veM adhyayanako paM0 sukhalAlajI tattvArtha sUtrakI racanAkA AdhAra batalAte haiM usameM to 'guNANamAsavo davvaM' yaha dravyakA lakSaNa batalAyA hai arthAt jo guNoMkA Azraya hai vaha dravya hai| anya kisI prAcIna zvetAmbara Agama meM bhI isa prakArakA lakSaNa nahIM pAyA jAtA, yaha bAta bhI paM0 sukhalAlajIne svIkAra kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai-Upara diye gaye dravya, guNa aura kAlake lakSaNavAle tattvArthake tIna sUtroMke liye uttarAdhyayanake sivAya kisI prAcIna zvetAmbara jaina Agama arthAt aMgakA uttarAdhyayana jitanA hI zAbdika AdhAra ho aisA abhItaka dekhane meM nahIM AyA / ' ataH ukta sUtroMparase yaha vyakta hotA hai ki tattvArtha sUtrapara kundakundake granthoMkA vizeSa prabhAva hai| pA~cave adhyAyake antameM snigdha aura rUkSa guNavAle paramANuoM ke bandhakA vidhAna hai| usako lekara digambara paramparAmeM 'bandhe'dhiko paarinnaamiko|' / / 36 // ' sUtra hai aura zvetAmbara paramparAmeM 'bandhe samAdhiko pariNAmiko / ' pATha hai / ukta 36veM sUtrakI TIkAmeM akalaMkadevane' 'samAdhiko' pAThako ArSa viruddha kahA hai aura Apake rUpameM SaTkhaNDAgamake vargagAkhaNDake bandha vidhAnakA 1. 'evaM hi uktamA vargaNAyAM bandhavidhAne-noAgama-dravyabandhavikalpe sAdivasrasika bandhanirdeze proktam-'viSamasnigdhatAyAM viSamarUkSatAyAM ca bandhaH samasnigdhatAyAM samarUkSatAyAM ca bhedaH tadanusAreNa ca sUtramuktam / ' -ta0 vA0, pR0 500

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264 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa nirdeza kiyA hai aura likhA hai ki vaha sUtra usake anusAra kahA gayA hai|' isase prakaTa hotA hai ki akalaMkadeva tattvArtha sUtrako yA usake sUtroMko SaTkhaNDAgamake AdhArapara racita mAnate the| tatvArtha sUtrakA AdhAra SaTkhaNDAgamake sUtra rahe haiM isa bAtakI puSTimeM eka aura ullekhanIya pramANa hai| ta0 sU0 ke chaThe adhyAyameM tIrthaGkara nAma karmake bandhanameM kAraNa bhUta solaha kAraNoMkA nirdeza isa prakAra hai darzanavizuddhi' vinayasampannatA zIlavateSva' nAticAro'bhIkSNa jJAnopayogasaMvegau5 zaktitastyAga tapasI sAdhu samAdhirvayAvRtyakaraNama'hRdA. cArya bahuzruta2 pravacana 3 bhaktirAvazyakA'4 parihANirmAgaprabhAvanA'5 pravacanavatsalatva miti tIrthakaratvasya // 24 // SaTkhaNDAgamake bandha svAmitvavicayameM bhI prAyaH ye hI solahakAraNa ginAye haiN| 'daMsaNavisujjhadAe' viNayasaMpaNNadAe' sIlabvadesuNiradi cAradAe AvAsa esu aparihINadAe khaNalava5 paDibujhaNadAe laddhisaMvega saMpaNNadAe'jadhAthAme tathA tave sAhUNaM pAsuaparicAgadAe' sAhUNaM samAhisaMdhAraNAe sAhUNaM vejjAvaccajogajudAe0 arahaMtabhattIe" bahusudabhattIe12 pavayaNa 3. bhattIe pavayaNavacchaladAe'4 pavayaNappa'5bhAvaNadAe abhikkhaNaM abhikkhaNaM NANovajogajuttadAe iccedehi solasehi kAraNehi jIvA titthayaraNAmagodaM kammaM baMdhati // 41 // " -SaT khaM0, pu08, pR0 79 / ukta uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki tattvAthasUtra aura SaTkhaNDAgamameM pratipAdita tIrthaGkara nAma karmake kAraNoMkI kevala saMkhyAmeM hI samAnatA nahIM hai kintu kAraNoMmeM bhI samAnatA hai / kevala eka hI kAraNa aisA hai jisameM antara pratIta hotA hai| tatvArthasUtra meM AcArya bhakti nAmaka eka kAraNa ginAyA hai aura SaTkhaM meM kSaNalava pratibodhanatA nAmakA kAraNa ginAyA hai| donoMke kramameM bhI thor3A antara hai, phira bhI aisA pratIta hotA hai ki SaTkhaM0 ke uktasUtrako sAmane rakhakara hI ta0 sU0 ke uktasUtrakI racanA kI gaI hai| tattvArthasUtrake ve sUtra pAThameM kevala sAdhusamAdhike sthAnameM saMghasamAdhi tathA vaiyAvRtyakaraNake sthAnameM sAdhuvaiyAvRtyakaraNa pATha hai| kintu ina pATha bhedoMse donoMmeM koI maulika antara nahIM aataa| parantu vetAmbara AgamameM tIrthaGkara nAmakarmake bandhake kAraNoMkI saMkhyA bIsa batalAI hai / yathA arihaMtasiddha pavayaNa guruyerabahussue tabassIsu / bacchalayA ya esiM abhikkhaNANovoge a||

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 265 dasaNaviNae Avassae a sIlavvae niraicAro / khaNalava tavacciyAe veyyAvacce samAhI y|| apunvanANagahaNe suyabhattI pavayaNe pahAvaNayA / eehiM kAraNehiM titthayarattaM lahai jiivo| -jJAtAdharmakathA-a0 8, sU0 64 / 'arhadvatsalatA, siddhavatsalatA, pravacanavatsalatA, guruvatsalatA, sthaviravatsalatA, bahuzrutavatsalatA, tapasvivatsalatA, abhIkSA jJAnopayoga, darzananiraticAratA, vinaya niraticAratA, Avazyaka niraticAratA, zIlaniraticAratA, vrataniraticAratA, kSaNalava samAdhi, tapaH samAdhi, vaiyAvRtya samAdhi, apUrvajJAnagrahaNa, zrutabhakti aura pravacana prabhAvanA, ina kAraNoMse jIva tIrthakaratvako prApta karatA hai|' ___ bhASyakArane' apane bhASyameM pravacana vatsalatAkA artha arhat zAsanake anuSThAna karane vAle zrutadharoMkA tathA bAla, vRddha, tapasvI, zaikSa glAnAdikA saMgraha, upagraha anugraha karanA batalAyA hai aura saMbhavatayA isa tarahase Agamokta kucha kAraNoMkA saMgraha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| ___isIse usakI kAmeM siddhasena gaNine bhI likhA hai ki-'tIrthaGkaranAma karmake bIsa kAraNoMmeM se sUtrakArane kucha sUtrameM kucha bhASyameM aura kucha AdigrahaNase siddha pUjA aura kSaNalava samAdhikA grahaNa kiyA hai / vyAkhyAtAko inakA upayoga karake vyAkhyAna karanA cAhiye / ' kintu sUtrakArako SaTkhaNDAgamakI taraha solaha saMkhyA hI mAnya pratIta hotI hai jo digambara paramparA sammata hai, kyoMki AcArya kundakundane bhI yadyapi kAraNoMko nahIM ginAyA tathApi unakI saMkhyA solaha hI mAnya kI hai / ataH ukta sUtrakA AdhAra digambara paramparA sammata hI honA caahie| ta0 sU0 ( 9-7 ) meM bAraha anuprekSA batalAI hai| upalabdha AgamoMmeM kahIM bhI bAraha anuprekSAeM pUrI nahIM miltii| sthAnAMgasUtra, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarA-. 1. 'arhacchAsanAnuSThAyinAM zrutadharANAM bAlavRddhatapasvizakSaglAnAdInAM ca saGgrahopagrahAnugrahakAritvaM pravacanavatsalatvamiti |'--t0 sU0 bhA0, 6-23 / 2. "viMzataH kAraNAnAM sUtrakAreNa kiJcit sUtra kiJcit bhASye kiJcit Adi grahaNAt siddhapUjAkSaNalavadhyAnabhAvanAkhyamupAtaM upayujya ca pravaktA vyAkhyeyam |'-si0 ga0 TI0-6-23 / 3. "visayavirato samaNo chaddasavarakAraNAi nAUNaM / tittharanAmakammaM baMdhaha acireNa kAleNa // ' 77 ||-bhaa0 prA0 / 4. tattvA0 jainAgama0-10-181 /

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266 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa dhyayana AdimeM phuTakara - phuTakara milatIM haiM / isake viparIta bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM ( gA0 1715 - 1871 ) tathA mUlAcArake AThaveM parichedameM bAraha anuprekSAoMkA kramavAra vistRta varNana milatA hai / kundakundAcAryane bhI ' vArasa aNuvekkhA' nAmase bAraha anuprekSAoMkA kramase varNana kiyA hai / aura ina tInoM granthoMmeM bAraha anukSAoMko ginAne vAlI gAthA eka hI hai / usase tattvArthasUtrake kevala kramameM antara hai / pahalI anuprakSAkA nAma ukta granthoMmeM adhruva hai aura tattvArtha meM anitya hai / adhruva aura anityake arthameM koI antara nahIM hai / ataH bAraha anupra ekSA paraka sUtra bhI ukta tathyakA hI samarthaka hai / ta0 sU0 ke nauveM adhyAyake nauveM sUtrameM bAIsa parISahoMke nAma ginAye haiM / unameM eka nAgnya parISaha bhI hai / nAgnyakA spaSTa artha naMgApanA hai | AgamoMmeM usake sthAnameM 'acela ' parISaha pAI jAtI hai / acelakA matalaba hai vastrakA abhAva / yadyapi usakA matalaba bhI vahI hai jo 'nAgnya' kA hai / tathApi acelakI apekSA 'nAgnya' zabdase nagna rahanekA spaSTa bodha hotA hai / jisase pratIta hotA hai ki sUtrakArako sAdhuoMkI nagnatA iSTa thI, isIse unhoMne Agamika 'acela' parISahake sthAnameM nAgnyako sthAna denA ucita samajhA / tattvArthasUtra meM bAIsavIM parISahakA nAma adarzana parISaha hai / kintu Agamika' sAhityameM darzanaparISaha yA sammattaparISaha nAma milatA hai / tathA ta0 sU0 ( 9 - 17) meM eka jIva ke eka sAtha eka se lekara 19 parISaha taka batalAI hai| kintu 'uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM 20 parISahoMkA sadbhAva batalAyA hai / ataH ukta katipaya tathyoMke prakAza meM yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki sUtrakAra zvetAmbara paramparA ke the yA digambara paramparA ke nahIM the / pratyuta ukta tathyoM se to unake digambara paramparA ke hone kA hI samarthana hotA hai / zrIyuta' premIjI ne mUla sUtroM meM se do sUtroMko digambara sampradAyakI dRSTi se khaTakanevAlA batalAyA hai / unameM se eka sUtra hai nauveM adhyAyakA 'ekAdazajine' / isakA sIdhA artha hai - jina bhagavAnake gyAraha parISaha hotI haiM / kintu digambara sampradAya kevalI ke parISaha nahIM mAnatA, isa liye TIkA - kAra pUjyapAdane zaMkA uThAkara usakA samAdhAna do prakAra se kiyA hai / prathama to 1. tattva0 jainAgama0, pR0 183 / 2. bIsaM ukkosaparA vadaMti jarannao havai ekko / sIusiNacariyaM nisI hiyA ya jugavaM na vadaMti // 82 // - utta0 ni0 / 3. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 538 / 4. sarvArtha si0 sU0 9-11 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 267 unhoMne parISahakA sadbhAva kevalIke upacArase mAnA hai| phira 'athavA' kahakara 'ekAdazajine' sUtra meM 'na santi' vAkyakI kalpanA karanekA vidhAna kiyA hai| saMbhavatayA akalaMkadeva ko 'na santi' kA adhyAhAra samucita pratIta nahIM huA ataH unhoMne apane tattvArthavAtika meM 'kazcit kalpyante' vAkyakA adhyAhAra kiyA hai| jisakA matalaba hotA hai ki 'koI loga jinake gyAraha parISaha mAnate haiM' / ukta samAdhAnoM se pAThakako aisA laganA svAbhAvika hai ki usa sUtra kA artha karanemeM, di0 TIkAkAroMko thor3A khIMcAtAnI karanI par3I hai| kintu karmasiddhAntake abhyAsIko vaisA pratIta nahIM ho sktaa| isake spaSTI karaNake liye sarvArthasiddhikI paM0 phUlacandrajI likhita prastAvanA (pR0 28-29) dekhanA caahiye| ukta tathokta khIMcAtAnIse kamase kama pUjyapAdapara lAde jAnevAle isa doSa meM ki' unhoMne umAsvAtikRta tattvArthasUtrake pATha meM saMzodhana aura parivartana kiyA, kucha to parimArjana ho jAnA cAhiye / astu, dUsarA sUtra hai nauveM adhyAyakA pulAka vakuza Adi pA~ca prakAra ke nirgranthoMkA pratipAdana karanevAlA sUtra / yaha ThIka hai ki mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI arAdhanAmeM pulAkAdikA kathana nahIM hai aura na kundakunda ne hI unakA kathana kiyA hai| kintu isaparase yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki nirgranthoMke ye bheda digambara paramparAko mAnya nahIM / hA~, unameMse Adike pulAka muni apane mUlaguNoMmeM paripUrNa nahIM hote / prArambhameM aisA honA saMbhava hai| isI prakAra vakuzamuniko apane zarIrAdikA moha bhI raha sakatA hai| usakA nirgrantha digambara muniyoMkI caryAke sAtha virodha nahIM hai / hA~, zrutasAgarajIne jo 'saMyamazruta' Adi sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM yaha likhA hai ki asamartha muni zItakAlAdimeM vastrAdi bhI grahaNa karate haiM aura ise kuzIla munikI apekSA bhagavatI ArAdhanAke abhiprAyake anusAra batalAyA hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai / bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM isa taraha kA koI vidhAna nahI hai / hA~ TIkAkAra aparAjita sUrine likhA hai ki vizeSa avasthAmeM azakta sAdhu vastra Adi grahaNakara sakate the / usIko zrutasAgarajI ne bhagavatI ArAdhanAke nAmase likha diyA hai / zrutasAgarajIke samayameM digambara paramparAke bhaTTAraka vastra dhAraNa karane lage the| yadyapi ve sAdhu nahIM mAne jAte the tathApi unakI pratiSThA vaisI hI thii| musalamAnoM ke upadravoM ke kAraNa bhI sAdhuoM ke nagna 1. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 542 / tathA paM0 sukhalAlajI kI tattvArthasUtra kI prastAvanA / 2. tatvA0 vR0 pR0 316 / 3. bha0 ma0 ace0 gha0, pR0 26 Adi /

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268 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa vihArameM kucha kaThinAIyA~ upasthita hone lagI thii| aisA unhoMne SaTprAbhRtakI' apanI TIkAmeM spaSTa likhA hai / zrutasAgarajI ke ukta kathana ke mUlameM ina saba bAtoM kA bhI prabhAva pratIta hotA hai| ataH use ArSamata nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| aura isI liye pulAkAdi muniyoM kI carcAko digambara paramparAke pratikUla nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ataH ukta sUtroMke AdhArapara tattvArthasUtrako digambara paramparAke pratikUla nahIM kahA jA sktaa| mala satra pATha-kintu tattvArtha sUtrake do sUtra pATha pracalita haiM, yaha Upara likha Aye haiM / ataH tatvArtha sUtrakI paramrAkA nirNaya karate samaya yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki mUla sUtra pATha donoMmeMse kaunasA hai ? zvetAmbara paramparA mAnya sUtra pATha para tathokta svopajJa bhASya hai aura usake antameM granthakArane apanI prazasti bhI de dI hai| ataH jo koI bhI prazastiko dekhakara yahI kahegA ki mUla sUtrapATha yahI hai| udhara digambara paramparAke pramukha TIkAkAroM ne sUtrakArakA nAma taka nahIM diyA aura na unake sUtra pATha para koI tathokta svopajJa bhASya hI hai| usapara Adya TIkA likhanevAle pUjyapAda jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitA haiM, unheM sUtra racanA karanekA abhyAsa haiM, unakI lekhana zailI prAJjala aura mahA bhASyakAra pataJjalikI zailIkI anugAminI tathA dArzanikatAse ota prota hai| udhara tattvArtha bhASyake racayitAkI zailImeM ve saba bAteM nahIM haiN| ina saba bAtoMke AdhArapara digambara sUtra pAThako pUjyapAdake dvArA saMvardhita aura pariSkRta tathA usakI Aya TIka sarvArthasiddhiko bhASyase arvAcIna kahA jAnA sarala hai| kintu tathokta svopajJa bhASyake sUtrakAra racita honemeM jo aneka vipratipattiyAM hai unheM pahale likhA jA cukA hai aura unake rahate hue nirvivAda rUpase yaha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki bhASya svopajJa hI hai| aura isalie bhASyakI svopajJatAke AdhAra para usake sUtra pAThako bhI mUla sUtra pATha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha bhI hama pahale likha Aye haiM ki bhASya mAnya sUtra pATha bhASyake hote hue bhI ekarUpatAko liye hue nahIM hai, usake sambandhameM pAThAntaroM aura matAntaroMkA bAhulya hai| udhara di0 paramparAko mAnya sUtra pAThameM avicchinna eka rUpatA hai jisa sUtrapAThapara pUjyapAdane sarvArtha siddhi racI, usI sUtrapAThako Aja takake TIkAkAroMne 1. 'ko apavAdaveSaH ? kalau kila mlecchAdayo nagnaM dRSTvopadravaM yatInAM kurvanti tena maNDapa durge zrIvasantakIrtisvAminA caryAdivelAyAM taTTIsasAdarAdikena zarIramAcchAdya caryAdikaM kRtvA punastanmuJcantItyupadezaH kRtaH saMyaminAmityapavAdaveSaH /

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 269 apanAyA hai, na usameM koI pAThAntara hai aura na matAntara hai / kintu sarvArtha siddhimeM do pAThAntara pAye jAte haiM / dUsare adhyAyake antima sUtrameM 'caramottama dehA' pada AtA hai usakI vyAkhyA karate hue pUjyavAda ne 'carama dehA iti vA pATha: ' aisA likhA hai / bhASya mAnya sUtra pAThameM, caramadehottamapuruSA' pATha hai / aura bhASyameM usakA artha 'carama dehA uttama puruSAH' kiyA hai / ataH sarvArthasiddhimeM diyA gayA ukta pAThAntara bhASyamAnya sUtrapAThakA to nahIM hai / dUsarA pAThAntara prathama adhyAyake 'bahubahuvidhi' Adi sUtrakI TIkAmeM hai / yaha pAThAntara pUrva pAThAntarase bahuta spaSTa hai / isakA nirdeza 'apareSAM kSipranisRta iti pAThaH' ke rUpameM kiyA gayA hai| jisakA artha hotA hai ki dUsaroMke matase kSiprAnisRtake sthAna meM kSipranisRta pATha hai / yahA~ pUjyapAda svAmI ne kevala pAThAntarakA hI nirdeza nahIM kiyA kintu 'ta evaM varNayanti' likhakara ve usakI jo vyAkhyA karate haiM use bhI diyA hai / bhASyamAnya sUtra pATha meM 'kSiprAnizrita' pATha hai / ataH yaha pAThAntara bhI usakA nahIM hai / ina do pAThAntaroMse aura vizeSatayA dUsare pAThAntarase yaha spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAdake sAmane tattvArtha sUtra kI anya pratiyAM bhI thIM aura unameM aisI prati bhI thI jisameM sUtrakI vyAkhyA yA TippaNI vagairaha bhI thI / kyoMki usake vinA 'ta evaM varNayanti' jaisI bAta nahIM likhI jA sakatI / ataH sarvArtha siddhi ko digambarIya sUtra pAThakI Adya TIkA tathA usake racayitA pUjyapAdako digambarIya sUtra pAThakA pravartaka aura bhASya mAnya sUtra pAThako mUla sUtra pATha kahanA nirbhrAnta nahIM hai / aura bhrAnta dhAraNAoMke AdhAra para kisI niSkarSa para nahIM pahu~cA jA sakatA / phira bhI jo sUtra donoM sUtra pAThoMmeM samAna haiM unake AdhAra para sUtrakArakI mAnyatAe~ digambara paramparAke hI anukUla ThaharatI haiM, yaha hama Upara likha Aye haiM / sUtraracanAkA samaya aba hama tattvArtha sUtrakI racanAke samayapara vicAra kareMge / 1. digambara sUtra pAThapara upalabdha Adya TIkA sarvArtha siddhi hai aura sarvArtha siddhi ke racayitA pUjyapAda devanandikA samaya vikramakI pAMcavIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha aura chaThIkA pUrvArdha hai / ataH tattvArtha sUtra vikramakI pA~cavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdha se pUrva racA jA cukA thA, yaha sunizcita hai / 2. SaTkhaNDAgamake' katipaya sUtroMkA tattvArtha sUtrapara prabhAva hai yaha pahale 1. isa viSayameM eka aura bhI udAharaNa yahA~ upasthita kiyA jAtA hai jo pIche nahIM diyA jA sakA / ta0 sU0 (9-45) 'samyagdRSTi zrAvaka' Adi sUtrake udgamakA mUla zve0 AgamoMmeM nahIM milatA / isIse 'tattvArtha sUtra jainAgama

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270 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa likha Aye haiM tattvArtha vAtikake praNetA akalaMkadeva takakA yaha kahanA hai ki SaTkhaDAgamake sUtroMke anusAra tattvArtha sUtrake sUtroMkI racanA huI hai / SaTkhaNDAgamakA racanAkAla vikramakI dUsarI zatAbdIkA tRtIya caraNa hai ataH tattvArtha sUtra usake pazcAt racA gayA hai| ___ 3. zravaNa velagolAke zilAlekhoMke anusAra sUtrakAra gRddhapicchAcArya umAsvAti kunda-kundake anvayameM hue haiM aura vidvajjana bodhakameM uddhRta eka zlokake anusAra ve kunda-kundake samakAlIna the tathA unakA samaya vIra nirvANa sambat 770 (vi0 saM0 300) thA / kunda-kundake anya ullekhoMke anusAra isa samayakI saMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai| yaha hama pahale kundakundakA samaya nirNIta karate samaya vistArase likha cuke haiM aura yaha bhI likha Aye haiM ki tattvArtha sUtrapara kundakundake granthoMkA bhI prabhAva hai / ataH kunda-kundake pazcAt unhIMke samakAlameM tattvArtha sUtra kArakA honA samucita pratIta hotA hai / ataH vikramakI tIsarI zatAbdIke antameM tattvArtha sUtra racA gayA hai| zrI0 paM0 sukhalAlajIne tattvArtha sUtra vivecanakI hindI bhUmikAmeM umAsvAtike samayake sambandhameM vicAra karaneke lie tIna bAtoMkA upayoga kiyA haizAkhAnirdeza, prAcInase prAcIna TIkAkAroM kA samaya aura anya dArzanika granthoMkI tulanA / tInoMkA vivecana karate hue paMDitajIne likhA hai 1. prazastimeM jisa 'ucca gara zAkhA' kA nirdeza hai vaha zAkhA kaba nikalI yaha to nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA, to bhI kalpa sUtrakI sthavirAvalImeM uccAnAgarI zAkhAkA ullekha hai aura likhA hai ki yaha zAkhA Arya zAnti zreNikase nikalI hai| Arya zAnti zreNika Arya suhastIse cauthI pIr3hImeM Ate haiM tathA yaha zAnti zreNika Arya vajake guru Arya siMha girike gurubhAI honese Arya vajrakI pahalI pIDhImeM Ate haiM / Arya suhastikA svargavAsa vIrAt 291 aura samanvayameM usake nIce 14 guNasthAnoMke nAma diye haiM jinake sAtha ukta sUtrakA koI sambandha siddha nahIM hotaa| kintu SaTkhaNDAgama (pu0 12, 10 78) ke mUlameM do gAthAeM aisI hai jinake AdhArapara hI ukta sUtra racA gayA hai| donoM gAthAeM isa prakAra hai-sUtrase tulanA kareM / 'sammattuppattI viya sAvaya-virade aNaMtakammase / dasaMNamohakkhavae kasAya uvasAmae ya uvasaMte // 7 // khavae ya khINamohe jiNe ya NiyamA bhave asaMkhejjA / tanvirIdo kAlo saMkhejjaguNA ya seddiio||' 'samyagdRSTi zrAvaka viratAnanta viyojakadarzanamohakSapakopazamakopazAntamoha-kSapakakSINamohajinAH kramazo'saMkhyeyaguNanirjarAH // 45 //

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tattvArthaviSayaka mUlasAhitya : 271 vajakA svargavAsa samaya vIrAt 584 ullikhita hai / arthAt suhastike svargavAsa samayase vajrake svargavAsa samaya taka 293 varSake bhItara pAMca pIr3hiyAM upalabdha hotI haiN| isa taraha sarasarI taurapara eka-eka pIr3hIkA kAla sATha varSakA mAna lenepara suhastise cauthI pIr3hImeM honevAle zAnti zreNikakA prArambhakAla vIrAt 471 AtA hai / isa samayake madhyameM yA thor3A Age pIche zAnti zreNikase uccanAgarI zAkhA nikalI hogii| vAcaka umAsvAti zAnti zreNikakI hI uccAnAgara zAkhAmeM hue haiM aisA mAnakara aura isa zAkhAke nikalanekA jo samaya anumAna kiyA gayA hai use svIkAra karake yadi Age calA jAye to bhI yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki vA0 umAsvAti isa zAkhAke nikalanake bAda kaba hue hai ? kyoMki apane vidyAguru aura dIkSAguruke jo nAma unhoMne prazastimeM diye haiM unameMse eka bhI kalpasUtrakI sthavirAvalImeM yA usa prakArakI kisI dUsarI paTTAvalImeM nahIM pAyA jAtA / isase umAsvAtike samaya sambandhameM sthavirAvalIke AdhArapara yadi kucha kahanA ho to adhikase adhika itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve vIrAt 471 arthAt vikrama sambatke prArambhake lagabhaga kisI samaya hue haiM, usase pahale nahI, isase adhika paricaya andhakArameM hai|' __ ila tarahase paM0 sukhalAlajIne umAsvAtikI Adi avadhi vikrama samvatkA prArambha nirdhArita kI hai aura antima avadhi pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi TIkAke AdhArapara vikramakI pAMcavIM zatAbdI nirdhArita kI hai / tathA ukta vicAra saraNike anusAra unakA prAcInase prAcIna samaya vikramakI pahalI zatAbdI aura arvAcInase arvAcIna samaya tIsarI cauthI zatAbdI batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki ina tIna cArasau varSoMke antarAlameM umAsvAtikA nizcita samaya zodhane kA kAma bAkI raha jAtA hai| ukta zodhake silasile meM paM0 jIne likhA hai (ka) dravya guNa tathA kAlake lakSaNavAle tattvArthake tIna sUtroMke liye uttarAdhyayanake sivAya kisI prAcIna zretAmbara jaina Agama arthAt aMgakA uttarAdhyayana jitanA hI zAbdika AdhAra ho aisA abhI taka dekhanemeM nahIM aayaa| parantu vikramakI pahalI dUsarI zatAbdIke mAne jAnevAle kundakundake prAkRta vacanoMke sAtha tattvArthake saMskRta sUtroMkA kahIM to pUrNa sAdRzya hai ora kahIM bahuta hI km| ""isake sivAya kundakundake prasiddha granthoMke sAtha tattvArtha sUtrakA jo zAbdika aura vastugata mahattvakA sAdRzya hai vaha Akasmika to nhiiN| (kha) yadi mahAbhASyakAra aura sUtrakAra pataMjali eka hoM to yoga sUtra vikramake pUrva pahalI dUsarI zatAbdIkA hai aisA kahA jA sakatA hai / yoga sUtrakA vyAsabhASya kabakA hai vaha bhI nizcita nahIM hai| phira bhI use vikramakI tIsarI

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272 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa zatAbdIse prAcIna mAnanekA koI kAraNa nahIM hai| yogasUtra aura usake bhASyake sAtha tattvArthake sUtroM aura usake bhASyakA zAbdika tathA Arthika sAdRzya bahuta hai| to bhI donoMmeMse kisI ekake Upara dUsarekA asara hai yaha bhI isI prakAra kahanA zakya nhiiN| .."aisA hote hue bhI tattvArthake bhASyameM eka aisA sthala hai jo jaina aMga granthoM meM isa samaya taka upalabdha nahIM aura yogasUtrake bhASyameM upalabdha hai| (ga) akSapAdakA nyAya darzana isvI sanke Arambhake lagabhagakA racA huA mAnA jAtA hai| usakA vAtsyAyana bhASya dUsarI tIsarI zatAbdIke bhASyakAlakI prArambhika kRtiyoMmeMse eka kRti hai| isa kRtike kucha zabda aura viSaya tattvArtha bhASyameM pAye jAte haiN| ukta tulanAse paNDitajIne koI niSkarSa to nahIM nikAlA hai kevala itanA hI likhA hai ki ye bAteM bhI hameM umAsvAtike upayukta anumAnita samayakI tarapha hI le jAtI haiN| phira bhI paM0 jI ke ukta kathanase bhI tattvArtha sUtrakA racanA kAla vikramakI tIsarI zAtAbdIkA anta hI samucita pratIta hotA hai / 'yathAhi saMhatasya zuSkasyApi tRNarAzeravayavazaH krameNa dahyamAnasya cireNa dAho bhavati tasyaiva zithila prakIrNApacitasya sarvato yugAdAdIpitasya pavanakramAbhihatAsyAzudAho bhavati" yathA vA dhautapaTo jalAdraM eva ca vitAnita: sUryarazmivAyvabhihataHkSipraM zoSamupayAti na ca sNhte|' .-tattvArtha bhASya -2, 52 / 'yathA'rdra vastraM vitAnitaM hasIyasA kAlena zuSkattathA sopakramam / yathA ca tadeva sapiNDitaM cireNa saMzuSyedevaM nirupakramam / yayAvAgniH zuSke kakSe mukto vAtena samantato yuktaH kSepIyasA kAlena daheta tathA sopakramam / yathA vA sa evAgnistRNarAzI kramazo'vayaveSu nyastazcireNa dahet tathA nirupakramam / ' - yogabhASya 3, 22 /

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jainasAhityakA itihAsa tRtIya bhAga paMcama adhyAya tatvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya pichale adhyAyameM tattvArtha-viSayaka mUla sAhityakA itivRtta aMkita kiyA jA cukA hai| aba isa adhyAyameM tattvArtha-viSayaka TIkA-sAhitya para prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki AcArya pUjyapAdakA sarvArthasiddhi-prantha, akalaka devakA tattvArtha vArmika grantha aura zruta sAgara sUrikI tattvArthavRtti aise TIkAgrantha haiM, jo mUla granthoMkI zreNImeM sthAna prApta karate haiN| isameM sandeha nahIM ki AcAryoMkA yaha TIkA-sAhitya vistArakI dRSTise to mahattvapUrNa hai hI, para prameyavivecanakI dRSTise bhI atyanta upAdeya hai| AcArya pUjyapAda-devanandi tattvArthasUtrake prakaraNameM likha Aye haiM ki tattvArthasUtrapara upalabdha Adya vRtti pUjyapAda-devanandikRta sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka TIkA hai / isa TIkAmeM TIkAkArane kahIM bhI apane nAmakA saMketa taka nahIM diyaa| kintu zravaNavela golAke zilAlekha naM0 40 se jJAta hotA hai ki pUjyapAda devanandi hI sarvArthasiddhike kartA haiN| isI zilAlekhase' yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki unakA pahalA nAma devanandi thA, buddhi kI mahattAke kAraNa ve jinendrabuddhi kahalAye, aura devoMne unake caraNoMkI pUjAko isa kAraNa unakA nAma pUjyapAda huaa| zravaNavela golAke hI eka dUsare zilAlekha na0 108meM bhI unakA guNagAna 1. 'yo devanandi prathamAbhidhAno buddhaghA mahatyA sa jinendrabuddhiH / zrI pUjyapAdo'jani devatAbhiryatpUjitaM pAdayugaM yadIyam // 10 // ' -0 zi0 saM0, bhA0 1, pR0 25 / 2. 'zrI pUjyapAdo dhRtadharmarAjyastato surAdhIzvara pUjyapAdaH / yadIyavaiduSyaguNAnidAnI vadanti zAstrANi tadudhdRtAni // 15 //

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274 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa karate hue likhA hai-'zrI pUjyapAdane dharmarAjyakA uddhAra kiyA thA, isIse Apa devoMke adhipatike dvArA pUje jAkara 'pUjyapAda' kahalAye / unake vaiduSya Adi guNoMko Aja bhI unake dvArA race hue zAstra batalA rahe haiN| Apa jinendrakI taraha vizvabuddhike dhAraka the, kAmadevako jItanevAle the aura UMce darjeke kRtakRtyabhAvako dhAraNa kiye hue the| isIse yogiyoMne Apako 'jinendra buddhi' ThIka hI kahA thA / ' Age likhA hai-ve pUjyapAda muni jayavanta hoM, jo advitIya auSadha Rddhike dhAraka the, videha sthita jinendra bhagavAnake darzanase jinakA zarIra pavitra ho gayA thA aura jinake caraNa dhoe jalake sparzase eka samaya lohA bhI sonA bana gayA thaa|' __AcArya kundakundake prakaraNameM yaha likhA jA cukA hai ki videhagamanakI bAta kevala kundakundAcAryake sambandhameM hI pravartita nahIM hai, pUjyapAdake sambandhameM bhI pravartita hai / jaisA ki zilAlekhake ukta kathanase vyakta hotA hai / anya AcAryoM ke dvArA smaraNa ___aneka granthakAroMne apane granthoMke AdimeM pUjyapAda devanandikA bar3e Adarake sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai| zrI jinasenAcAryane' apane AdipurANake prArambhameM saMkSitanAma 'deva se unakA smaraNa karate hue unheM kaviyoMkA tIrthaGkara kahA hai / aura unake vacanamaya tIrthako arthAta zabda zAstrarUpa vyAkaraNako vidvAnoMke vacanamalako naSTa karane vAlA batalAyA hai| isI taraha vAdirAja' sUrine bhI apane pArzvanAtha caritake AdimeM 'deva' ghRtavizvabuddhirayamatra yogibhiH kRtakRtyabhAvamanuvibhraduccakaiH / jinavad babhUva yadanagacApahRt sa jinendrabuddhiriti sAdhuvarNitaH // 16 // zrI pUjyapAdamunirapratimauSaddhi rjIyAd videhajinadarzanapUtagAtraH / yatpAdadhItajalasaMsparzaprabhAvAt kAlAyasaM kila tadA kanakIcakAra // 17 // -0zi0 saM0, bhA0 1, pR0 211 / 1. 'kavInAM tIrthakaddevaH kitarAM tatra varNyate / viduSAM vAGamaladhvaMsi tIrtha yasya vacomayam // 52 // -ma0 pu0, parva 1 // 2. 'AcintyamahimA devaH so'bhivandho hitaiSiNA / zabdAzca yena siddhayanti sAdhutvaM pratilambhitAH' // 12 // -pArzva0 ca0, 1 srg|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya : 275 nAmase unakA smaraNa karate hue unheM acintyamahimAyukta aura apanA hita cAhane vAloMke dvArA sadA bandanIya kahA hai aura kahA hai ki unake dvArA zabdakI siddhi bhale prakAra hotI hai| ____ zrI zubhacandrAcAryane bhI apane' pANDavapurANake prArambhameM pUjyapAdakA smaraNa karate hue unheM vyAkaraNa rUpo samudrakA pAragAmI batalAyA hai / jJAnArNavake racayitA zubhacandra sUrine apane jJAnArNavake prArambhameM devanandiko namaskAra karate hue kahA hai ki unake vacana prANiyoMke kAya, vacana aura manaH sambandhI doSoMko dUra karate haiM / arthAt unake vaidyaka zAstrase zarIrake, vyAkaraNa zAstrameM vacanake aura samAdhizAstrase manake vikAra dUra ho jAte haiM / ukta AdarapUrNa saMstavanoMse spaSTa hai ki AcArya pUjyapAda eka atyanta AdarAspada aura prakhyAta jainAcArya ho gaye haiN| unakA pANDitya sarvavizruta thaa| vyAkaraNa, jaina siddhAnta, darzana, kAvya, vaidyaka Adi sabhI viSayoMmeM unakI avyAhatagati thI aura ina sabhI viSayoMmeM grantha racanA karake unhoMne bhAratIya saMskRta sAhityake bhaNDArako samRddha banAyA thaa| vaiduSya-pUjyapAda svAmIkI racanAoMke avagAhanase unake asAdhAraNa vaiduSyakA paricaya milatA hai / saMskRta bhASA para to unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA hI / taba taka kisI jainAcAryane saMskRta bhASAkA koI vyAkaraNa nahIM banAyA thaa| usa kAryako sabase prathama pUjyapAdane kiyaa| unake jainendabyAkaraNakA prathama sUtra siddhiranekAntAt' hai, jo batalAtA hai ki zabdoMkI siddhi bhI anekAntavAdase hotI hai| jainadarzana anekAntavAdI darzana hai / ataH pUjyapAdane padArthazAstrakI taraha zabdazAstrameM bhI anekAntavAda darzanako apane vyAkaraNake dvArA avatArita kiyA hai| unakI sarvArtha siddhi unake bauddha, nyAyavaizeSika Adi darzanoMmeM pANDityako prakaTa karatI hai| usakI utthAnikAke ArambhameM hI unhoMne sAMkhya, vaizeSika aura bauddhAbhimata mokSake lakSaNoMko samIkSA parimita zabdoMmeM kI hai| usake prathama adhyAyake dUsare sUtrakI vyAkhyAse unhoMne 'tattvake zraddhAnako samyagdarzana 1. 'pUjyapAdaH sadApUjyapAdaH pUjyaH punAtu mAm / vyAkaraNArNavo yena tIrNo vistIrNasadguNaH' // 16 // -pA0 pu. 1 parva / 2. 'apAkurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAk cittasaMbhavam / kalaGkabhaMgimAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate // -jJAnA0

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276 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kahate haiN| isa para Apatti karane hue likhA hai ki kucha dArzanika sattA, dravyatva, guNatva, karmatva Adi tattva hai aisA mAnate haiM / kucha 'yaha saba jagata puruSa (brahma) hI hai, aisA ekatattva mAnate haiM / 'tatpramANe' sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM unhoMne sannikarSavAdakA tathA vaizeSikoMke saMsargavAdakA, 'pratyakSamanyat // 12 // ' sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM indriyapUrvakajJAnake pratyakSatvakA niSedha karate hue yogipratyakSako anekArthagrAhI mAnanepara usake virodhameM eka kArikA 'vijAnAti na vijJAna' ityAdi upasthita kI hai jo bauddha vijJAnavAdakI pratIta hotI hai / usIke Age 'kSaNikAH sarvasaMskArAH' bauDhoke isa matakA nirdeza karake usako khaNDana kiyA hai aura pradIpako bhI anekakSaNavartI batalAyA hai| isI taraha pAMcaveM adhyAyameM 'dravyatvayogAt dravyam' isa vaizeSika mAnyatAkA. khaNDana karake vaizeSikoMke naudravyavAdakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / inase prakaTa hai ki pUjyapAda uktadarzanake viziSTa abhyAsI the| jainasiddhAntake to ve mArmika paNDita the hI / 'ta0 sU0 1-8 kI' vyAkhyAmeM unhoMne AThoM anuyogadvAroMkA vivecana SaTkhaNDAgamake sUtroMke AdhArase bahuta vistArase kiyA hai tathA anya sUtroMkI vyAkhyA aneka saiddhAntika bAtoMkA vivecana bar3I sUkSmadarzitAke sAtha sayuktika kiyA hai| unake samAdhizataka aura iSTopadeza unake adhyAtmaviSayaka cintanako prakaTa karate haiM / aura batalAte haiM ki unhoMne kundakundAcAryake granthoMkA acchA manana kiyA thaa| isa taraha pUjyapAda vyAkaraNa, jainasiddhAnta-itaradarzana tathA adhyAtyake prakhara vidvAna the aura unhoMne apane samayake viziSTa granthoMkA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thaa| pUjyapAdake janmasthAna, pitRkula tathA gurukulake viSayameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotA / kanar3I bhASAmeM candragya nAmaka kavikA batAyA huA eka -pUjyapAda carita hai jo duSamakAlake paridhAvI saMvatsarakI Azvina zuklA 5 zukravArako samApta huA thaa| caritameM aneka aisI bAte haiM jo itihAsa viruddha hai| ataH use vizvasanIya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| usameM pANini vyAkaraNake racayitA pANiniko pUjyapAdakA mAmA batalAyA hai / 'karnATaka dezake kole nAmaka grAmase 1. 'sattA-dravyatva-guNatva-karmatvAdi tattvamiti kaishcitklpyte|' tattvamekatvamiti vA savaikyagrahaNaprasaGgaH / puruSa evedaM sarvamityAdi kaizcit kalpyate / ' --sarvA0si0, 1-2 // 2. sarvA0 si0 5-2 tathA 5-3 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 277 mAdhavabhaTTa nAmaka brAhmaNa aura zrIdevI brAhmaNI unake pitA aura mAtA the| pANini mAdhavabhaTTake sAle the| pANini apane vyAkaraNako pUrA kiye binA hI mara gaye taba pUjyapAdane use pUrA kiyaa| pANini pUjyapAdase lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa pUrva hue haiM / pANini vyAkaraNa para racita kAtyAyanake vArtika sarvArthasiddhimeM uddhRta hai / ataH ukta kathA vizvasanIya nahIM hai / kathAmeM camatkAra pradarzaka anya bhI aneka bAteM haiM / yathA pUjyapAda svAmI pairoMmeM lepa lagAkara AkAza mArgase videha kSetra jAyA karate the| ekabAra unakI dRSTi naSTa ho gaI to zAntyaSTakake pAThase vaha puna. prApta ho gii| unake caraNoMko deva pUjate the| unheM auSadhaRddhi prApta thii| inameMse kucha bAtoMkA zilAlekhoMmeM bhI ullekha milatA hai| racita grantha-zravaNavelagolAke zilAlekha (40) meM pUjyapAdakA stavana karate hue likhA hai-jinakA jainendra' (vyAkaraNa) zabda zAstroMmeM apane atulita bhAgako, sarvArthasiddhi siddhAntameM parama nipuNatAko, jainAbhiSeka UMce darjeke kavitvako, chandazAstra buddhikI sUkSmatAko aura samAdhi zataka jinakI svasthatA (svAtmasthiti) ko vidvAnoM para prakaTa karatA hai ve zrI pUjyapAda munIndra muniyoMke gaNoMse pUjanIya haiN|' isase jahA~ pUjyapAda racita jainendra vyAkaraNa, sarvArthasiddhi, jainAbhiSeka, chanda zAstra aura samAdhi zataka nAmaka granthoMkA patA calatA hai vahA~ unake sarva zAstra viSayaka pANDitya kA bhI patA calatA hai| ve vaiyAkaraNa the, jaina siddhAntake marmajJa the, kavi the, sUkSmabuddhi the aura itanA saba kucha honeke sAtha hI sAtha adhyAtmarata bhI the| isa taraha yadyapi ve sarvazAstra niSNAta the, kintu sarvatra unakI khyAti zabdazAstra viSayaka pANDitya ko hI lekara vizeSa thI, yaha bAta Upara ke smaraNoMse spaSTa hai / mugdhabodha ke kartA bopadevane ATha vaiyAkaraNoMmeM jainendrakA bhI nAmollekha kiyA hai / yaha jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitA pUjyapAda devanandi hI hai| 1. isa sambandhameM vizeSa jAnaneke liye dekho-'pANini pataJjali aura pUjya pAda' zIrSaka hamArA lekha-0 si0 bhA0, bhAga 6, ki0 4, pR0 216 aadi| 2. 'jainendraM nijazabdabhAgamatulaM sarvArthasiddhiH parA, siddhAnta nipuNatvamuddha kavitA jainAbhiSekaH svakaH / chandaH sUkSmadhiyaM samAdhizatakaM svAsthyaM yadIyaM vidAmAkhyAtIha sa pUjyapAdamunipaH pUjyo munInAM gnnH|-jai0 zi0 saM0 bhA0 1, pR0 25 /

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278 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa nagara tAllukake zilAlekha (naM0 46) meM pUjyapAdakA smaraNa karate hue unake dvArA racita kucha anya granthoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| usameM likhA hai-'jinhoMne sakala budhajanoMse stuta jainendra nAmakA nyAsa banAyA, punaH pANinivyAkaraNa para zabdAvatAra nAmakA nyAsa likhA, tathA manuSya samAjake hitake liye vaidyaka zAstakI racanA kI, aura phira tattvArthakI TIkA racI, ve rAjAoM se pUjanIya, svaparahitakArI vacana vAle aura darzana jJAna cAritra se pUrNa pUjyapAda svAmI zobhAyamAna haiN|' ukta zilAlekhameM nirdiSTa granthoMkI sthiti cinya hai / ataH unakI racanAoM para yahA~ saMkSepameM prakAza DAlA jAtA hai jainendravyAkaraNa-zra0 ve0 go0 ke zilAlekhameM pUjyapAdako jainendra vyAkaraNakA racayitA batalAyA hai| mahAkavi dhanaMjayane apanI nAmamAlAmeM pUjyapAdake lakSaNagrantha (vyAkaraNa) kA ullekha kiyA hai| gaNaratna mahodadhike kartA vardhamAna aura haima zabdAnuzAsanake laghunyAsa banAne vAle kanakaprabha bhI jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitAkA nAma devanandi batalAte haiN| ataH isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki yaha vyAkaraNa devanandi yA pUjyapAdakA banAyA huA hai| ___ jainendrakI jo hastalikhita pratiyAM pAI jAtI haiM usake prArambhameM eka zloka milatA hai usameM granthakartAne bhagavAnake vizeSaNarUpameM prayukta 'devananditapUjezaM' padake dvArA apanA nAma bhI prakaTa kara diyA hai| isase bhI jainendrake kartA devanandi hI Thaharate haiN| jainendranyAsa- tAllake ke zikhAlekhameM pUjyapAda racita jainendra nyAsakA bhI nirdeza hai / kintu yaha abhI taka anupalabdha hai / usI zilAlekhameM yaha bhI nirdeza hai ki pUjyapAdane pANini vyAkaraNapara zabdAvatAra nAmaka nyAsa banAyA thA / pANini vyAkaraNakI kAzikA vRtti para eka nyAsa hai usake kartAkA nAma bhI 1. 'nyAsaM jainendrasaMjaM sakalabudhanutaM pANinIyasya bhUyo nyAsaM zabdAvatAraM manujatatihitaM vaidyazAstraM ca kRtvA / yastattvArthasya TIkAM vyaracayadiha bhAtyaso pUjyapAda svAmI bhUpAlavandyaH svaparahitavacaH puurnndRgbodhvRttH|' 2. jainendra vyAkaraNa aura usake kartA pUjyapAdake sambandha meM vizeSa jAnane ke liye jai0 sA0 i0 meM 'devanandikA jainendra vyAkaraNa' zIrSaka nibandha tathA jainendra mahAvRtti' (bhA0 jJA0 pI0 kAzI) kI bhUmikA tathA usImeM 'jainendra zabdAnuzAsana tathA usake khilapATha' zIrSaka zrIyudhiSThira mImAMsakakA lekha par3hane caahiye|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 279 jinendra baddhi hai / kintu ve bauddha sAdhu the| nAmasAmyake kAraNa kahIM pUjyapAdako pANini vyAkaraNapara nyAsakA racayitA na samajha liyA gayA ho, aisA sandeha hotA hai kyoMki isakA samarthana anyatrase nahIM hotaa| vaidyaka grantha-nagara tAlluke ke zilA lekhameM pUjyapAda racita eka vaidyaka granthakA bhI ullekha hai| jJAnArNavake 'apAkurvanti yadvAcaH' ityAdi smaraNAtmaka zloka se bhI aisA dhvanita hotA hai ki pUjyapAdakA koI vaidyaka grantha bhI thA / pUneke bhaNDAra risarca insTITayUTameM pUjyapAdakRta vaidyaka nAmakA eka grantha hai| kintu vaha Adhunika kanar3I bhASAmeM likhA huA kanar3I bhASAkA grantha hai / usameM na to pUjyapAdakA koI ullekha hai aura na vaha pRjyapAdakA banAyA huA hai| vaidyasAra nAmakA eka grantha ArAse prakAzita huA hai| usameM jo prayoga diye hue hai unake antameM 'pUjyapAdena bhASitaH' yA nimitaH' jaise zabdoMkA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isase tathA racanA zailI Adise yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki vaha bhI ina pUjyapAdakA banAyA huA nahIM hai / ___ isI taraha ArAse prakAzita prazastisaMgrahameM nidAna muktAvalI aura madana kAmaratna nAmake do vaidyaka granthoMkA paricaya diyA hai| jinameM unhe pUjyapAdake dvArA racita batalAyA gayA hai / kintu ve pUjyapAda racita nahIM haiM / vijaya nagarake rAjA hariharake samayameM eka maMgarAja nAmake kanar3I kavi hue haiM / unakA astitvakAla vi0 saM0 1416 ke lagabhaga hai / sthAvaraviSoMkI prakriyA aura cikitsA para unakA khagendra maNidarpaNa nAmakA grantha hai| ve usameM apaneko pUjyapAdakA ziSya batalAte haiM aura apane granthako pUjyapAdake vaidyaka grantha se saMgrahIta batalAte haiM / zolApurase ugrAdityAcAryakA 'kalyANa kAraka' nAmakA grantha prakAzita huA hai| usameM bhI aneka jagaha 'pUjyapAdena bhASita' kahakara pUjyapAdake vaidyaka granthakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ataH pUjyapAda devanandikA vaidyaka viSaya para koI grantha avazya rahA hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| zravaNavala golAke eka zilAlekhameM jo unheM anupama auSadhaRddhikA dhArI batalAyA hai usase bhI unake cikitsA zAstrameM nipuNatvakA hI samarthana hotA hai| tattvArthasUtrakI sarvArthasiddhi TIkApara Age vistArase prakAza DAlA jaayegaa| chandazAstra aura jainAbhiSeka nAmake grantha anupalabdha hai aura inakA anyatra bhI koI saMketa nahIM miltaa| samAdhitaMtra aura iSTopadeza nAmaka granthoMke sambandhameM AdhyAtmika granthoMke itihAsameM likhA jA cukA hai / dazabhakti ( saMskRta )-prabhAcandane apane kriyA kalApameM inakA kartA

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280 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa pUjyapAdako batalAyA hai| unameMse siddhabhakti to apanI racanA zailI aura nirUpaNake AdhArapara bhI pUjyapAda racita hI pratIta hotI hai / siddhipriya stotra - 26 padyoMmeM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroMko stuti hai jo nirNayasAgara presa bambaI se saptama gucchakameM prakAzita ho cukA hai / sArasaMgraha--SaTkhaMNDAgamakI dhavalA TIkAmeM ( pu0 9, pR0 160 ) / 'sArasaMgrahe'pyuktaM pUjyapAdaiH' karake nayakA lakSaNa diyA hai / yaha lakSaNa sarvArthasiddhi TIkAmeM diye gaye nayake lakSaNase kucha milatA huA hai, ataH pUjyapAdakA sArasaMgraha nAmaka bhI koI dArzanika grantha rahA hai, jo anupalabdha hai / ukta granthoMmeMse vartamAnameM jainendravyAkaraNa', 'sarvArthasiddhi TIkA, samAdhitaMtra, iSTopadeza, dazabhakti tathA siddhipriya stotra upalabdha haiM aura chapakara prakAzita ho cuke haiM / sarvArtha siddhi tatvArtha sUtrapara pUjyapAdane sarvArtha siddhi nAmakI vRtti racI thii| isa vRttiko usakI Adya TIkA kahe jAnekA saubhAgya prApta hai / yaha vRtti yathA nAma tathA guNa hai / vRttike antameM tIna padya haiM jo vRttikArake dvArA hI race gaye haiM / unameMse prathama padya meM isa tatvArtha vRttiko 'jainendra zAsanavarAmRtasArabhUtA' - 1. jainendra vyAkaraNakA sUtra pATha 1912 sanmeM gAMdhI nAthAraMgajI granthamAlAse prakAzita huA thA / 2. sarvArthasiddhikA eka saMskaraNa san 1917 meM kolhApurase, dUsarA zolApura se, tIsarA hindI anuvAdake sAtha jainagrantha ratnAkara bambaIse, cauthA hindI anuvAdake sAtha bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzIse prakAzita huA hai / inake sivAya bhI eka do saMskaraNa aura prakAzita hue haiM / 3. samAdhitaMtra nirNayasAgara presase prathama saMskRtagucchakameM prakAzita huA thA, saMskRta TIkA aura hindI anuvAdake sAtha vIra sevA mandira sarasAvAse prakAzita huA hai / 4. iSTopadeza saMskRta TIkAke sAtha tattvAnuzAsanAdi saMgrahake antargata mANika candragrantha mAlA bambaIse tathA hindI anuvAdake sAtha vIrasevA mandirase prakAzita huA hai / 5. dazabhakti saMskRta TIkA tathA marAThI anuvAdake sAtha zolApurase prakAzita huA hai / 6. 'svargApavargasukhamAptu mano bhirAyeM jainendrazAsanavarAmRtasArabhUtA / sarvArthasiddhiriti sadbhirupAttanAmA tattvArthavRttiranizaM manasA pradhAryA // 1 // tattvArtha vRttimuditAM viditArthatattvAH zrRNvanti ye paripaThanti ca dharmabhaktathA / haste kRtaM paramasiddhisukhAmRtaM te maMrtyAmarezvarasukheSu kimasti vAcyam // 2 //

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya : 281 jainendra zAsana rUpI parama amRtakA sArabhUta kahA hai aura kahA hai ki svarga aura mokSake sukhako prApta karanekI mano kAmanAvAle satpuruSoMne use sarvArtha siddhi nAma diyA hai| arthAt use yaha nAma svayaM vRttikAra ne nahIM diyA kintu isa vRttike guNoMpara mugdha hue mumukSa sajjanoMne diyA hai| dUsare padyameM kahA hai-arthake sArako jAnane vAle jo jana dharmabhaktise tattvArtha vRttiko par3hate aura sunate haiM, parama siddhike sukharUpI amRtako ve hasta gatakara lete haiM, taba cakravartI aura indra padake sukhake viSayameM to kahanA hI kyA hai ? ___ solaha svargAse Upara sabase antameM pAMca anuttara vimAnakA nAma sarvArtha siddhi hai / jo jIva sarvArthasiddhimeM janma letA hai vaha vahAMkI Ayu bhoganeke pazcAt vahAMse cayakara eka manuSya bhava dhAraNa karake niyamase mokSa lAbha karatA hai| yaha tattvArtha vRtti bhI usIke samakakSa hai ataH use sarvArthasiddhi nAma diyA gayA hai, yahI bAta dUsare padyameM kahI gaI hai / racanA zailI-pUjyapAda sUtrakAra bhI the| sUtra alpAkSara, asandigdha aura sArabhUta hotA hai / ataH sUtrakArake dvArA racI huI vRttimeM bhI ina guNoMkA honA svAbhAvika hai| tadanusAra sarvArthasiddhimeM eka bhI zabda phAlatu prayukta nahIM huA hai, parimita aura asandigdha zabdoMke dvArA sUtra gata saiddhAntika, dArzanika aura vyAkaraNa saMgata vAtoMko bar3I hI prasanna aura parimArjita zailImeM sUtra sadRza choTe-choTe vAkyoMke dvArA sarala zabdoMmeM kahA gayA hai| isIse akalaMka deva ne apane tattvArthavAtikameM sarvArthasiddhike aneka sUtrAtmaka vAkyoMko vArtikarUpameM sthAna diyA hai| aura phira unakI vyAkhyA bhI kI hai| sarvArthasiddhimeM bhI pUjyapAda ne sUtrAtmaka vAkyoMkA prayoga karake punaH unakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / sUtrakI vyAkhyAkA unakA vaha krama hai ki pahale yaha sUtragata zabdoMkA artha karate haiM pazcAt usakA vivecana karate haiN| pAtaJjala mahAbhASyake sAtha sarvArthasiddhikI tulanA karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pUjyapAdane mahAbhASyakI zailIko apanAyA hai aura usIkA unapara vizeSa prabhAva hai| unake vivecana dArzanikatA aura tArkikatAko liye hue hote hai / sUgagata pratyeka padakI sArthakatA tathA AvazyakatAko spaSTa karate hue ve usakA hArda apane pAThakake sAmane kholakara rakha dete haiM / Avazyaka honepara ve Agama pramANa bhI upasthita karate haiN| unake dvArA uddhRta gAthAe~ prAyaH kunda-kundake granthoMmeM pAI jAtI hai| kintu uddhRta saMskRta zlokoMke udgamakA koI patA nahIM calatA / kucha saMskRta vAkya bhI isa prakArake haiN| una sabase patA calatA hai ki jaina paramparAmeMse pUjyapAda pahale

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282 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa saMskRta bhASAmeM kaI acche-acche grantha race jA cuke the jo bhASA aura viSayako dRSTise uccakoTike the| viziSTa carcAeM-tattvArtha sUtrakA TIkAgrantha honese sarvArtha siddhi meM bhI unhIM viSayoMkA vivecana hai jinakA nirdeza tatvArtha sUtrameM hai| kintu jina viziSTa carcAoMko sarvArthasiddhikArane uThAyA hai unameMse kuchakA nirdeza nIce kiyA jAtA hai jo kaI dRSTiyoMse mahattvapUrNa haiN| 1. maMgalAcaraNa karaneke pazcAt prathama sUtrako utthAnikAmeM pUjyapAdane likhA hai--svahitaiSI nikaTa bhavyane eka AzramameM muniyoMkI pariSadake madhyameM baiThe hue nirgranthAcAryake pAsa jAkara vinaya sahita pUchA-bhagavan ! AtmAkA hita kyA hai / AcArya ne uttara diyA mokSa / bhavyane punaH pUchA--mokSakA svarUpa kyA hai aura usako prAptikA upAya kyA hai ? isI praznake uttarasvarUpa prathama sUtra racA gayA aura isa taraha tattvArtha sUtrakA sUtrapAta huaa| tattvArtha bhASyake prArambhameM jo 31 sambandha kArikAe~ haiM unameMse antima kArikAmeM bhI yahI vAta kahI gaI ki 'mokSa mArgake binA isa jagatameM hitakA upadeza nahIM hai / isaliye usI mokSamArgako kahatA huuN|' 2. prathama adhyAyake chaThe sUtra 'pramANanayaradhigamaH' kI vyAkhyAmeM pUjyapAda svAmIne pramANaka svArtha aura parArtha bheda karake kevala zrutajJAnako svArtha aura parArtha batalAyA hai tathA usIke bheda naya hai, aisA kahA hai| isImeM 'ukta' karake nayakA lakSaNa tathA 'sakalAdezo pramANAdhInaH vikalAdezo nayAdhInaH / ' vAkya uddhRta kiye haiN| jahA~ taka hama jAnate haiM 'pramANake svArtha aura parArtha bheda pUjyapAdase pahaleke kisI jainagranthameM nahIM pAye jAte / aura na sakalA deza aura vikalAdezavAlA vAkya hI uddhRta pAyA jAtA hai| siddhasenake nyAyAvatArameM anumAnake svArtha parArtha bheda batalAye haiM, pramANake nhiiN| 3. gautamane apane nyAyasUtroMmeM anumAnake do bheda kiye the-svArtha aura parArtha / kintu udyotakarase pahale naiyAyika kisI vyaktiko jJAna karAneke liye parArthAnumAnakI upayogitA nahIM mAnate the| bauddhadArzanika diGnAgane donoM bhedoMkA ThIka-ThIka artha karake sabase pahale svArthAnumAna aura parArthAnumAnake 1. 'narte ca mokSamArgAddhitopadezosti jagati kRtsne'smin / tasmAtparamimameveti mokSamArga pravakSyAmi // 31 // 2. 'pramANaM dvividhaM svArtha parArthaM ca / tatra svArtha pramANaM zrutavaya'm / zrutaM punaH svArtha bhavati parArthaJca / ' -sarvA0 1-6 / 3. buddhisTa lAjika /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 283 madhyameM bhedakI rekhA khar3I kii| siddhasema divAkarane parArthAnumAnako jainanyAyameM sthAna to diyA, kintu usake samanvayakA koI yatna nahIM kiyaa| pUjyapAdakA dhyAna usa ora gayA aura unhoMne pramANake svArtha aura parArtha bheda karake zruta pramANako ubhayarUpa btlaayaa| kintu anumAnake antarbhAvakI bAta phira bhI zeSa raha gii| akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavArtikameM' svArthAnumAnakA antarbhAva anakSarAtmaka athavA jJAnAtmaka zrutameM kiyA aura parArthAnumAnakA antarbhAva akSarAtmaka athavA vacanAtmaka zrutameM kiyaa| 4. 'satsaMkhyA' Adi sUtrakI vRttimeM sadAdi ATha anuyogoMke dvArA caudaha mArgaNAoMmeM guNasthAnoMkA vivecana bahuta sundara rItise kiyA hai / usakA AdhAra 'SaTkhaNDAgama' 'jIvaTThANa ke sUtra haiN| 5. pramANakI carcAma naiyAyika vaizeSikoMke sannikarSa prAmANyavAdakA tathA sAMkhyoMke indriya prAmANyakA nirAkaraNa karake jJAnake hI prAmANyakA vyavasthApana kiyA hai tathA jJAnako svapara prakAzaka batalAyA hai / isI taraha 'arthasya' sUtrakI vRttimeM indriyakA sannikarSa guNake sAtha hotA hai, guNIke sAtha nahIM hotA, isa matakA nirAkaraNa karake dravyake sAtha indriyakA samparka hotA hai isa bAtako sthApita kiyA hai / tathA Age cakSuke prApyakAritvakA Agama aura yuktise khaNDana karake cakSu aprApyakArI hai isa bAtako siddha kiyA hai / upalabdha jainasAhityameM ye carcAeM pUjyapAdase pahale nahIM miltii| 6. satra 1-32 kI vRttimeM kAraNaviparyAsa, bhedAbheda viparyAsa aura svarUpa viSaryAsakI carcA karate hue yoga, sAMkhya, bauddha, cArvAka Adike matoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai aura unake jJAnako mithyAjJAna batalAyA hai| 7. sUza 1-33 kI vRttimeM nayake sAta bhedoMkA svarUpa bahuta sundara rItise batalAyA hai| 8. dUsare adhyAyake tIsare sUtrakI vRttimeM samyagdarzanakI utpatti anAdi mithyA dRSTi jIvake kaise hotI hai, yaha batalAte hue kAla labdhiyoMkA kapana kiyA hai / vaise AgamameM pA~ca labdhiyA~ vatalAI haiM-kSayopazama labdhi, vizuddhi labdhi, dezanA labdhi, prAyogyalabdhi aura karaNa labdhi / kintu pUjyapAda svAmIne kevala kAla labdhike nAma se ho labdhiyoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai-ve haiM-'kAla labdhi' karmasthiti kAlalabdhi aura bhavApekSayA kAlalabdhi / SaTkhaNDAgamake jIvaTThANako samyaktvotpatti cUlikAke sUtroM kA hI anusaraNa pUjyapAdane ukta kathanameM kiyA hai| kintu usameM kAlalabdhi Adi nAmoMkA koI nirdeza nahIM hai| 1. 'anumAnAdInAM pRthaganupadezaH zrutAvarodhAt / ' -ta0 vA0, pR0 78 /

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284 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa dUsarA adhyAya jIvase sambaddha saiddhAntika bAtoM se sambaddha hai aura unhIMkA vivecana pUjyapAdane kiyA hai / vistAra bhayase usakA yahA~ vivaraNa nahIM diyA gyaa| tIsarA aura cauthA adhyAya lokAnRyogase sambaddha hai usameM tIna lokoMkA varNana hai / pUjyapAda svAmIne pratyeka sUtrakI vRttimeM sambaddha viSayakA vivecana saMkSepameM sundara rIti se kiyA hai jisase jJAta hotA hai ki ve lokAnuyogake bhI bahuta acche jJAtA the / 9. pA~caveM adhyAyameM dravyoMkA kathana honese unameM aneka dArzanika carcAe~ pUjyapAda svAmIne kI haiM / yathA dravyANi // 2 // sUtrakI vRttimeM 'dravyatvayogAt dravyam' aura 'guNasamudAyo dravyam' ina lakSaNoMkI AlocanA kI hai / 'jIvAzca ||3||' sUtrakI vRtti meM vaizeSikoMke naudravyoMkA antarbhAva pudgalAdidravyoMmeM siddha karake paramANuoMmeM pArthivAdi jAtibhedakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai aura saba paramAoMko eka jAtIya hI batalAyA hai / sUtra 19 kI vRtti meM zabda ke amUrtikatvakA nirAkaraNa karake use mUrtika batalAyA hai tathA manako pRthak dravya mAnanekA aura usake aNurUpa honekA khaNDana kiyA hai| sUtra 30 - 32 kI vyAkhyA meM dravyako utpAda vyaya dhovyAtmaka batalAkara devadattake dRSTAnta dvArA vastuko anekAntAtmaka siddha kiyA hai / pUjyapAdane yadyapi syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgIkA nAmollekha nahIM kiyA, kintu anekAntavAdake dvArA vastusthitikA nirUpaNa jagaha-jagaha kiyA hai / 10. chaThe adhyAyake sUtra 13 meM kevalI, zruta, saMgha, dharma aura devoMke avarNavAdase (jhUThA doSAropaNa karanese ) darzana mohanIya karmakA Asrava honA batalAyA hai / isakI vyAkhyAmeM pUjyapAda svAmIne zvetAmbara mAnyatAoMkA nirdeza kiyA haiM / likhA ' hai - kevalI grAsAhAra karate haiM aisA kahanA kevaliyoMkA avarNavAda hai / zAstrameM mAMsa bhakSaNa karanemeM koI doSa nahIM batalAyA aisA kahanA zrutakA avarNavAda hai / jaina sAdhu zUdra hote haiM apavitra hote haiM ityAdi kahanA unakA avarNavAda hai / jaina dharma nirguNa hai usako mAnane vAle marakara asura hote haiM ityAdi kahanA dharmakA avarNavAda hai / devagaNa surA aura mA~sakA sevana karate haiM, ityAdi kathana karanA devoMkA avarNavAda hai / 1. 'kavalAbhyavahArajIvinaH kevalina ityAdi vacanaM kevalinAmavarNavAdaH / mAMsabhakSaNAdyanavadyAbhidhAnaM zrutAvarNavAdaH / zudratvAzucitvAdyAvirbhAvanaM saMghAvarNavAdaH / jinopadiSTo dharmoM nirguNastadupasevino ye te cAsurA bhaviSyantItyevamAdyabhidhAnaM dharmAvarNavAdaH / surAmAMsopasevAdyAghoSaNaM devAvarNavAda: / - sarvA0 sa0, 6-13 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 285 zvetAmbara paramparA kevalIko grAsAhArI mAnatI hai, digambara paramparA aisA nahIM maantii| vaha ise kevaliyoM para mithyAdoSAropaNa mAnatI hai / usIkA kathana pUjyapAdane kiyA hai| jainAgamako tha ta kahate haiM / bhagavatI satra vagairahameM aise vAkya bhI haiM jinakA artha mAMsa paraka hotA hai| sambhavatayA unhIMkI ora pUjyapAda svAmIkA saMketa hai| __ jaina sAdhuoM, jainadharma aura jainadharmake anuyAyioMke sambandhameM jisa avarNavAdakA ullekha kiyA gayA gayA hai, vaha hindu purANoMmeM jo jainadharmakI utpatti Adiko kathAeM dI gaI haiM usIko lakSya karake likhA gayA jAna par3atA hai / devoMke surA aura mAMsa sevanakI carcA bhI hindu purANoMmeM pAI jAtI hai| 11. sAtaveM adhyAyake prathama sUtrakI vRttimeM pUjyapAdasvAmIne eka zaGkA uThAI hai ki rAtri bhojana' tyAga nAmaka eka chaThA aNuvrata bhI hai| usako bhI yahA~ ginanA caahiye| aura isakA yaha samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai ki ahiMsAvratakI bhAvanAoMmeM usakA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| isa zaMkA samAdhAnase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki pahale rAtri bhojana virati nAmaka bhI eka chaThA aNuvrata mAnA jAtA thA / akalaMka devane apane tattvArtha vAtikameM bhI ukta sUtrake antargata sarvArtha siddhike anurUpa hI ukta zaMkA samAdhAna kiyA hai| kintu ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki sAtaveM adhyAyake prathaya sUtra meM vratoMkI carcA hai aura dUsare sUtrameM una vratoMke aNuvrata aura mahAvrata bheda kiye haiN| pUjyapAdasvAmI rAzi bhojana viratiko chaThA aNuvata honeke sambandha meM zaGkA upasthita karate haiM mahAvata honeke sambandhameM nhiiN| kintu mUlAcAra aura bha0 ArAdhanAmeM eka samAna gAthAke dvArA pAMca mahAvratoMkI rakSAke lie rAtri bhojana nivRttikA nirdeza hai kintu use chaThA mahAvrata nahIM kahA hai| parantu bha0 A0 kI vijayodayA TIkAmeM dasa sthitikalpoMkA varNana karate hue chaThe vrata nAmaka sthiti kalpake varNanameM likhA hai ki una pA~ca bratoM (mahAvratoM) ke pAlaneke lie rAtri bhojana viramaNa nAmakA chaThA vrata (mahAvrata) kahA gayA hai| tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki Adya 1. 'nanu ca SaSThamaNuvratamasti rAtribhojanaviramaNaM tadihopasaMkhyAtavyam, na, bhaavnaasvntrbhaavaat|'-srvaa0 si0, 7-1 / 2-3. 'tesiM ceva vadANaM rakkhaNa8 rAdibhoyaNaNiyattI |-muulaa0 gA0 295, bha0 A0 gA0 1185 / 4. 'teSAmeva paJcAnAM vratAnAM pAlanArtha rAtri bhojanaviramaNaM SaSThaM vratam' / bha0 mA0 TI0, pR0 615 /

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286 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa aura antima tIrthaGkarake tIrthameM pAMca mahAvratoMke sAtha rAzi bhojana viramaNa chaThA mahAvata hotA hai| zvetAmbarIya mahAnizItha sUtrameM bhI pAMca mahAvratoMke sAtha rAzi bhojana viramaNa nAmakA chaThA mahAvrata batalAyA hai| tathA TIkAkArane likhA hai ki yaha rAtri bhojanavrata prathama tIrthaGkara aura antima tIrthaGkarake tIrthameM Rjujar3a aura vakrajar3a puruSoMkI apekSAse mUlaguNa batalAneke lie mahAvatoMke pazcAt rakhA gayA hai / zeSa madhyake bAIsa tIrthaGkaroMke tIrthameM to uttaraguNa mAnA gayA hai| kintu vizeSAvazyaka bhASyameM samyaktva sahita pAMca mahAvratoMko muniyoMke mUlaguNa aura samyaktva sahita pAMca aNuvratoMko gRhasthoMke mUlaguNa kahA hai / isapara yaha zaMkA kI gaI ki rAtribhojanaviramaNa bhI to mUlaguNa hai usakA grahaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA ? to usakA uttara diyA gayA hai ki vratI saMyamIko hI rAtri bhojana viramaNa mUlaguNa hai, gRhasthakA to uttara guNa hai / athavA mahAvratakA saMrakSaka honese rAtri bhojana viramaNa uttara guNa hai / tathApi samasta vratoMkA pAlaka honese use mUlaguNa kahate haiM / aura mUlaguNoMke grahaNase usakA grahaNa ho jAtA hai|' ___ isa taraha zvetAmbara paramparAke prAcIna granthoMmeM rAtri bhojana viramaNako chaThA mahAvata mAnA hai aura digambara paramparAke prAcIna granthoMmeM bhI yadyapi rAtribhojana viratiko spaSTa rUpase chaThA mahAvrata nahIM kahA, tathApi mahAvratoMkI rakSAke liye use eka vrata mAnA hai| kintu pUjyapAda svAmIne usake sambandhameM koI zaMkA na uThAkara jo rAtri bhojana virati nAmaka chaThe aNuvratake astitvake sambandha 1. 'AdyapAzcAtyatIrthayo rAtribhojanaviramaNaSaSThAni paMca mahAvratAni / ' bha0 A0 TI0, pR0 614 / / 2. 'mUlaguNA paMca mahavvayANi rAIbhoyaNa chaTTAI |'-mhaani0, 3 a0 / 3. 'etacca rAtribhojanavrataM prathamacaramatIrthakaratIrthayoH RjujaDavakrajaDapuruSApekSayA mUlaguNatvakhyApanArtha mahAvratopari paThitaM / madhyamatIrthakaratIrthe punaH RjuprAjJa puruSApekSayottaraguNavarga iti' / abhi0 rA0, bhA0 5, pR0 295 / / 4. 'sammata sameyAI mahanvayANuvvayAI muulgunnaa| mUlaM sesAhAro bArasa tagghA iNo ee // 1239 // nisibhattaviramaNaM piha na Nu mUlaguNo kahaM na gahiyaM taM / vayadhAriNo cciya tayaM mUlaguNo sesayassiyaro // 1240 / / AhAra viramaNAo tavo va tava eva vA jao'NasaNaM / ahava mahanvayasaMrakkhattaNAo samiiuvva // 1241 // taha vi ya tayaM mUlaguNo bhaNNai mUlaguNapAlayaM jamhA / mUlaguNa gahaNammi ya taM gahiyaM uttaraguNabva ||1242||-vi0 bhA0 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 287 meM zaGkA uThAI hai, usakA koI prAcIna AdhAra upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| saMbhava hai pUjyapAda svAmIke sanmukha zrAvakAcAra sambandhI koI grantha vartamAna rahA ho, jisameM rAtri bhojana viramaNako chaThA aNuvrata mAnA ho| sAtaveM adhyAyake terahaveM sUtrakI vyAkhyA karate hue pUjyapAda svAmIne hiMsA aura ahiMsAke svarUpakA saMkSepameM sundara vivecana kiyA hai aura usake samarthanameM aneka gAthAe~ tathA zloka bhI uddhRta kiye haiN| sUtra meM pramata yogase prANoMke ghAta ko hiMmA kahA hai| sUtrake donoM padoMkA samarthana karate hue pUjyapAda svAmIne kahA hai ki kevala prANoMkA ghAta ho jAnA mAtra hiMsA nahIM hai / tathA dUsareke prANoMkA ghAta na hone para bhI yadi ghAtakameM pramattayoga hai to bhI hiMsA hai kyoMki ghAtakakA bhAva hiMsArUpa hai| isake samarthanameM unhoMne eka bar3A hI bhAvapUrNa' zloka uddhata kiyA hai / usameM batAyA hai ki pramAdI jIva sabase prathama to apane dvArA apanA hI ghAta karatA hai| dUsare praNiyoMkA ghAta ho na ho yaha to pIche kI bAta hai| jisa granthakA yaha zloka hogA, vaha grantha avazya hI mahattvapUrNa honA caahie| hiMsAkI taraha hI anRta, steya, abrahma aura parigrahake svarUpako batalAne vAle sUtroMkA bahuta hI sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura pratyeka pApako bhAvaparaka batalAkara dravyakI apekSA bhAvake mahattvako prakaTa kiyA hai| ___isI taraha 22rne sUtrako vyAkhyAmeM sallekhanA ( samAdhi pUrvaka maraNa ) kA varNana karate hue vyApArIke dRSTAntake dvArA sallekhanAmeM AtmaghAtake dUSaNakA parihAra bar3I sundara rItise kiyA hai / 12 AThaveM adhyAyameM karmabandhakA aura karmoke bheda-prabhedoM vagairahakA varNana hai / prathama sUtrameM bandhake pA~ca kAraNa batalAye haiN| unakA vyAkhyAna karate hue pUjyapAdane mithyAtvake pA~ca bhedoMkA svarUpa batalAyA hai| unameMse viparIta mithyAtvakA svarUpa batalAte hae unhoMne jahA~ purupAdvaitakI mAnyatAko viparIta mithyAtva batalAyA hai, vahA~ sagranthako nimrantha kahanA, kevalIko kavalAhArI kahanA tathA strIko mokSa kahanA, ina tInoM zvetAmbarIya mAnyatAoMkA ullekha bhI viparIta mithyAtva meM kiyA hai| isI adhyAyake dUsare sUtrakA vyAkhyAna to bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / isa 'svayamevAtmanAtmAnaM hinastyAtmA pramAdavAn / pUrva-prANyantarANAM tu pazcAd syAdvA na vA vadhaH // ' 'sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnupAdatte sa bandhaH / ___0 sU0 8-2 /

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288 : janasAhityakA itihAsa sUtrake pratyeka padakI sArthakatA batalAte hue pUjyapAdane jainakarmasiddhAnta viSayaka kaI zaGkAoMkA parihAra kiyA hai| sUtrameM kahA gayA hai-'kaSAya sahita honese jova karmoke yogya pudgaloMko grahaNa karatA hai, vaha bandha hai / ' 'kaSAya sahita hone se ( sakaSAyatvAt ) padakA sAphalya batalAte hue kahA hai ki jaise udarAgnike Azayake anurUpa AhAra grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaise hI tIbra manda athavA madhyama kaSAyAzayake anurUpa karmomeM sthiti aura phala denekI zakti hotI hai / ___ amUrti aura vinA hAthavAlA AtmA karmoko kaise grahaNa karatA hai isa tarkaNA ke samAdhAnake liye jIva zabda rakhA hai / jo jiye aura mare vaha jIva hai / arthAt saMsArameM bhaTakane vAle jIvoMke hI karmokA bandha hotA hai| ___ 'karmayogyAn' na kahakara 'karmaNo yogyAn kahanese pUjyapAdane sUtrakArakA yaha abhiprAya batalAyA hai ki vaha usake dvArA do bAteM kahanA cAhate haiM pahalI bAtakarmake kAraNa hI jIva sakaSAya ( kaSAyavAlA ) hotA hai| jo karmose rahita hai usake kaSAya bhI nahIM hai| isase jIva aura karmakA sambandha anAdi hai yaha bAta kahI gaI hai| ataH amUrtika jIva mUrtika karmake dvArA kaise bAMdhA jAtA hai yaha tarka nirasta ho jAtA hai| yadi karmabandhako sAdi mAnA jAtA hai to atyanta zuddha siddha jIvakI taraha saMsArI jIvake bhI bandhake abhAvakA prasaMga AtA hai / aura dUsarI bAta-kaSAyasahita honese karmake yogya pudgaloMko grahaNa karatA hai / pudgala zabda yaha batalAtA hai ki karma paudgalika haiM / ataH jo anya dArzanika adRSTako AtmAkA guNa mAnate haiM unakA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai / isa tarahase pUjyapAdane isa sUtrakA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / isI taraha norve aura dasaveM adhyAyoMkI vyAkhyAmeM bhI aneka saiddhAntika bAtoMkA kathana bahuta saMkSepase kintu sundara suspaSTa rItise kiyA gayA hai / samaya-pUjyapAda devanandine apane granthoMmeM apanA nAmataka bhI nahIM diyA, taba apanI gurU paramparA aura racanAkAla Adi diye jAnekI AzA unase kaise kI jA sakatI hai| aisI sthitimeM unake samayakA nirNaya unake granthoMke ullekhoM tathA anya sAdhanoMse hI karanA par3atA hai| 1. pUjyapAdake samAdhi taMtra aura iSTopadezakA kundakundake granthoMke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana karanese yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki pUjyapAdane kundakundAcAryake vAkyoMkA bahuta kucha anusaraNa kiyA hai / pIche ina donoM granthoMke sambandhameM likhate hue aneka udAharaNoM dvArA yaha bAta pramANita kI gaI hai phira bhI yahA~ spaSTIkaraNake liye eka do udAharaNa de denA ucita hogaa|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 289 jaM mayA dissade rUvaM taNNa jANAdi savvahA / jANagaM dissade NaM taM tahmA jaMpemi keNa haM ||29||-mo0 prA0 / yanmayA dRzyate rUpaM tanna jAnAti srvthaa| jAnanna dRzyate rUpaM tataH kena vavImyaham ||18||-s0 taM0 / jo sutto vavahAre so joI jaggae sakajjammi / jo jaggadi vavahAre so sutto appaNe kajje ||31||-mo0 prA0 / vyavahAre suSupto yaH sa jAgAMtmagocare / jAgati vyavahAre'smin suSuptazcAtmagocare ||78||-s0 taM0 / samAdhitaMtrake donoM zloka mokSaprAbhRtakI ukta gAthAoMke saMskRta rUpAntara jaise haiM / itanA hI nahIM, pUjyapAdane apanI sarvArthasiddhi meM 'saMsAriNo muktAzca' / sUtrako vyAkhyAmeM pA~co parAvartanoMkA svarUpa batalAte hue pratyeka parAvartanake antameM usakI samarthaka jo eka-eka karake pAMca gAthAeM 'uktaM ca' likhakara uddhRta kI hai, ve pA~co gAthAeM usI kramase kundakundaracita 'vAraha aNuvekkhA' meM pAI jAtI haiN| ataH nizcita hai ki kundakundake granthase hI unheM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / isaliye yaha nizcita hai ki pUjyapAda kundakundake pazcAt hue haiN| tathA gRddhapicchAcArya umAsvAtike dvArA racita tattvArtha sUtrapara unhoMne vRtti likhI hai ataH unake pazcAt bhI honA sunizcita hai / pIche kundakundakA samaya vi0 saM0 180 se 230 taka tathA sUtrakArakA samaya vi0 saM0 300 taka siddha kiyA hai| ataH pUjyapAda vikramasamvat 300 ke pazcAt hue haiM / 2. pUjyapAdane apanI sarvArthasiddhi ( 7-13 ) meM 'niyojayati cAsubhirnaca badhena saMyujyate' yaha padyAMza 'uktaM ca' likhakara uddhRta kiyA hai| siddhasenakI tIsarI dvAtriMzikAke 16vaM padya kA yaha prathama caraNa hai| jainendra sUtrameM bhI siddhasenakA ullekha hai / siddhasenakA samaya paM0 sukha lAlajIne vikramakI pAMcavI zatAbdI nizcita kiyA hai ataH pUjyapAda usake pazcAt hue haiN| 3. pUjyapAdane apane jainendra' vyAkaraNake sUtroMmeM bhUtabali, samantabhadra, siddhasena, zrIdatta, yazobhadra aura prabhAcandra nAmake pUrvAcAryoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| inameMse bhUtavali to SaTkhanDAgamake racayitA pratIta hote haiM jo vikramakI dUsarI zatAbdImeM hue haiN| prakhara tArkika aura anekAntavAdake prasthApaka samantabhadra to 1. 'rAd bhUtabaleH / 3-4-83 / 'guNe zrIdattasya striyAm / 1-4-34 / ' 'vetteH siddhasenasya / 5-1-7 / ' 'catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya / 5-4-140 / ' 'kRvRSimajAM yazobhadrasya / 2-1-98 / ' rAzeH kRti prabhAcandrasya / 4-3-180|-jai0 vyaa0| 19

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290 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa prasiddha hI haiN| siddhasena bhI unhIMke pazcAt hue hai| zrIdattake jalpanirNaya nAmaka granthakA ullekha vidyAnandine apane tattvArtha zlokavAtikameM kiyA hai| tathA akalaMkadevane apane tattvArtha vArtikameM siddhasenase pahale zrIdattakA ullekha kiyA hai| 4. AcArya jinasenane apane mahApurANake prArambhameM kramase siddhasena, samantabhadra, zrIdatta, yazobhadra aura prabhAcandra kA smaraNa kiyA hai, pazcAt 'deva' nAmase pUjyapAda devanandikA bhI smaraNa kiyA hai| jinasenane apanA mahApurANa vikramakI nauvIM zatAbdIke antameM racA thaa| ataH pUjyapAda nauvIM zatAbdIse pUrva tathA jainendokta AcAryoke pazcAt kiso samaya hue haiN| 5. dhanaJjaya kavine apane nAmamAlA kozake antameM pUjyapAdake lakSaNako akalaMkake pramANako 'apazcima' kahA hai ataH pUjyapAda dhanaJjaya kavise pUrva meM hue haiM aura akalaMkadevane unakI sarvArtha siddhike aneka vAkyoMko apane tattvArthavArtiko vArtika rUpase apanAyA hai / akalaMka devakA samaya vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdI hai ataH pUjyapAda usase pahale hue haiN| aba vicAraNIya yahI raha jAtA hai ki pUjyapAda siddhasenase kitane samaya pazcAta hue haiN| 6. zrI paM0 jugala kizorajI mukhtArane apane 'samantabhadra" nAmaka nibandhameM tathA samAdhi taMtrakI prastAvanAmeM likhA hai ki pUjyapAda svAmI gaMgarAja duvinItake zikSA guru the jisakA rAjyakAla I0 san 482 se 522 taka pAyA jAtA hai| aura unheM hebbura Adike aneka zilAlekhoMmeM zabdAvatArake kartA rUpa se duvinIta rAjAkA guru ullekhita kiyA hai|' 1. "dviprakAraM jagau jalpaM tattvaprAtibhagocaram / triSaSThervAdinAM jetA zrIdatto jalpanirNaye ||45||-t0 zlo0 10 280 / 2. 'zrIdattamiti, siddhasenamiti'-ta0 vA0, pR0 57 / 3. ma0 pu01, 42-47 / 4. 'pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dhanaJjayakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayamapazcimam ||202||-naa0 mA0 / 5. ra0ka0zrA0, kI prastA0, ke antargata, pR0 142-42 / 6. sa0 taM0 kI prastA0, pR0 7 / 7. 'kurga insakripzansa' prastA0 pR. 3 / 'maisUra eNDa kurga ji0 1, pR0 373 / 'karNANaTaka bhASA bhUSAm prastA0 pR0 12 / 'hisTarI Apha kanaDIja liTarecara' pR0 25 aura karNATaka kvicrite|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya : 291 kintu aisA kathana bhrAntijanya hai / hebburuke tAmralekhameM 'zabdAvatArakAradeva bhAratI nibaddha bRhatkathaH kirAtArjutIya paJca daza sargaTIkAkAraH 'duvinIta nAmA' aisA likhA huA hai / jisase prakaTa hai ki ukta donoM vizeSaNa durvinItake haiM / arthAt duvinItane zabdAvatAra grantha racA thA, guNADhyakI vRhatkathAko saMskRta bhASAmeM parivartita kiyA thA aura bhAravikRta kirAtArjunIyake pandrahaveM sargakI TIkA likhI thii| pUjyapAdane pANinIya vyAkaraNapara zabdAvatAra nAmaka nyAsa likhA thA aisA eka zilAlekhameM likhA hai yaha pahale batalAyA gayA hai| isa nAma sAdRzyake kAraNa rAIsa sAhabane hebburuke tAmra patrameM Agata 'zabdAvatArakAra' padako pUjyapAdAcAryakA vAcaka samajhakara aisA likha diyA ki hebburuke zilAlekhameM likhA hai ki pUjyapAdAcArya duvinItake zikSAguru the / aura usIko pramANa mAnakara dUsaroMne bhI vaisA likha diyA / ukta bhramakA nirAkaraNa paM0 e, zAntirAja zAstrIne tattvArtha sUtrakI bhAskaranandi viracita sukhabodhinI vRttiko prastAvanAmeM (pR043-45) kiyA hai / 7. devasenane vi0 saM0 990 meM darzanasAra nAmaka granthakI racanA kI thI, usake antameM unhoMne likhA hai ki pUrvAcAryakRta gAthAoMko ekatra karake isa granthakI racanA kI gaI hai| ataH usakI prAmANikatA bar3ha jAtI hai| usameM likhA hai ki pUjyapAdakA ziSya pAhuDavedI vajranandI drAvir3a saMghakA kartA huA / aura taba dakSiNa mathurA (madurA) meM vi0 saM0 526 meM yaha mahAmithyAtvI saMgha utpanna huaa| cUki vajranandi devanandike ziSya the isaliye dravir3a saMgha kI sthApanAke ukta kAlase dasa bIsa varSa pahale unakA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai / ataH zrIyutara premIjIne devanandi pUjyapAdakA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai| ___7. zrIyudhiSThira mImAMsakane idhara devanandike samayakA nizcAyaka eka nUtana pramANa upasthita kiyA hai / bhA0 jJA0 pITha kAzI se prakAzita jainendra mahAvRttike naye saMskaraNake prArambhameM 'jainendra zabdAnuzAsana aura usake khila pATha' zIrSaka apane lekhameM 'AcArya devanandIkA kAla aura usakA nizcAyaka nUtana pramANa' (pR0 42-43) upasthita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai 1. 'siripujjapAdasIso dAviDasaMghassa kArago duTTho / NAmeNa vajjaNaMdI pAhuDa vedI mahAsatto // 24 // paMcasae chabbIse vikkamarAyassa maraNapattassa / dakkhiNamahurAjAdo dAviDasaMgho mahAmoho ||28||-d0 sA0 / 2. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 46 /

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292 : jaMnasAhityakA itihAsa 'AcArya devanandike kAlake viSayameM aitihAsikoMkA paraspara vaimatya hai / yathA 1. kItha apane 'hisTrI Apha klAsikala liTarecara' meM likhatA hai jainendra vyAkaraNa I0 san 678 ( 735 vi0) ke samIpa likhA gayA / 2. zrI premIjIne aneka pramANa upasthita karake devanandikA kAla sAmAnyatayA vikramakI chaThI zatAbdI nizcita kiyA hai / 3. zrI AI0 esa0 pavatene apane 'sTrakcara Apha dI aSTAdhyAyI (bhU0 pR0 13 ) meM likhA hai-- mahAmahopAdhyAya narasiMhAcAryane karNATaka kavi caritrake prathama bhAgake prathama saMskaraNameM pUjyapAdako IsvI san 470 (527 vi0 ) meM batAyA hai aura dUsare saMskaraNameM san 600 (657 vi0 ) meM parantu, mujhe 12-12-1933ko likhe patrameM likhA hai ki pUjyapAda 450 I0 (507 vi0 ) ke Asa-pAsa hai / 4. hamane apane vyAkaraNa zAstrake itihAsameM zrI premIjI dvArA uddhRta pramANoMke AdhArapara AcArya pUjyapAdakA kAla vikramakI SaSTa zatAbdIkA pUrvArddha mAnA thA / aba hama use ThIka nahIM smjhte| aba hameM jo nUtana pramANa upalabdha huA hai usake anusAra AcArya pUjyapAda vikramakI SaSTha zatAbdIse pUrvavartI haiM, yaha nizcita hotA hai / ' zrI yudhiSThira mImAMsakake dvArA upalabdha nayA pramANa isa prakAra haikAtyAyanane eka viziSTa prakArake prayogake liye niyama banAyA hai-- 'parokSe ca lokavijJAte prayokturdarzanaviSaye' ( mahA0 3 / 2 / 12 ) arthAt aisI ghaTanA jo lokavijJAta ho, prayoktAne use na dekhA ho parantu prayoktAke darzanakA viSaya sambhava ho ( arthAt vaha ghaTanA prayoktAke jIvanakAlameM ghaTI ho) usa ghaTanAko kahaneke liye bhUtakAlameM laG pratyaya hotA hai / pataJjaline mahAbhASya meM isa vArtika para udAharaNa diye haiM-- 'aruNad yavanaH sAketam, aruNad yavano madhyamikAm |' vArtikake niyamAnusAra sAketa (ayodhyA) aura mAdhyamikA (cittaur3a samIpavartI nagarI grAma) para yaha loka prasiddha AkramaNa pataJjalike jIvanakAlameM huA thA / prAyaH sabhI aitihAsika isa viSayameM sahamata haiM / isI prakArakA niyama pANinise uttaravartI prAyaH sabhI vyAkaraNa granthoMmeM upalabdha hotA hai aura usakA udAharaNa dete hue granthakAra prAcIna udAharaNoMke sAtha-sAtha svasamakAlika kinhIM mahatI ghaTanAoMkA bhI prAyaH nirdeza karate haiM / yathA- ajayad jarto hUNAn / cAndra aruNanmahendro mathurAm |--jainendr (2-2-92)

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 293 adahadamoghavarSo'rAtIn |-shaakttaayn (4-3-200) aruNat siddharAjo'vantim |-haim0 (5-2-8) inameM antima do udAharaNa sarvathA spaSTa haiN| AcArya pAlyakIti (zAkaTAyana) mahArAja amogha varSa aura AcArya hemacandra mahArAja siddharAjake kAlameM vidyamAna the / isameM kisIko vipratipatti nahIM / parantu cAndrake jarta aura jainendrake mahendra nAmaka vyaktiko itihAsameM pratyakSa na pAkara pAzcAtya matAnuyAyI vidvAnoMne jartako gupta aura mahendrako menendra-minaNDara banAkara anargala kalpanAeM kI haiM / isa prakArakI kalpanAoMse itihAsa naSTa ho jAtA hai / hamAre vicArameM jainendrakA 'aruNanmahendro mathurAm' pATha sarvathA ThIka hai| usameM kiJcinmAtra bhrAntikI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| AcArya pUjyapAdake kAlakI yaha aitihAsika ghaTanA itihAsameM surakSita hai|| mathurA para AkramaNa karanevAle yaha mahendra kauna the, isa para prakAza DAlate hue zrI mImAMsakane likhA hai 'jainendra meM smRta mahendra guptavaMzIya kumAragupta haiN| isakA pUrA nAma mahendra kumAra hai / jainendrake 'vinA'pi nimittaM pUrvottarapadayorvA khaM vaktavyam 4-1-13) vArtika athavA 'padeSu padaikadezAn' niyamake anusAra usIko mahendra athavA kumAra kahate the| usake sikkoMpara zrI mahendra,' mahendrasiMha, mahendravarmA, mahendrakumAra Adi kaI nAma upalabdha hote haiM / tibbatIya grantha candragarbha sUtrameM likhA hai"yavanoM palhikoM zakunoM (kuzanoM) ne milakara tIna lAkha senAse mahendrake rAjya para AkramaNa kiyaa| gaMgAke uttara pradeza jIta liye / mahendrasenake yuvA kumArane do lAkha senA lekara unapara AkramaNa kiyA aura vijaya prApta kii| lauTanepara pitAne usakA abhiSeka kara diyaa|"2 candragarbha sUtrakA mahendra nizcaya hI kumAragupta hai aura usakA yuvarAja skandagupta / maMjuzrI mUlakalpa zloka 646 meM zrI mahendra aura unake sakArAdi putra (skandagupta) ko smaraNa kiyA hai|" ataH zrI yudhiSThirajIkA kahanA hai ki-'candragarbha sUtrameM likhita ghaTanAkI jainendra ke udAharaNameM ullikhita ghaTanAke sAtha tulanA karanepara spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainendrake udAharaNameM isI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAkA saMketa hai| ukta udAharaNase yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki videzI AkrAntAoMne gaMgAke Asa-pAsakA pradeza jItakara mathurAko apanA kendra banAyA thA, isa kAraNa mahendrakI senAne mathurAkA 1. zrI paM0 bhagavaddattakRta bhAratavarSakA itihAsa, pR0 354 / 2. vahI, pR0 354 / 3. mahendranRpavaro mukhyaH sakArAdyo mataH param / '

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294 : jenasAhityako itihAsa hI gherA DAlA thA / mahAbhASya, zAkaTAyana tathA siddha haima vyAkaraNoMmeM nirdiSTa udAharaNoMke prakAzameM yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AcArya pUjyapAda guptavaMzIya mahArAjAdhirAja kumAragupta apara nAma mahendra kumArake samakAlika haiM / pAzcAtya matAnusAra kumAraguptakA kAla vi0 saM0 470 - 512 ( = 313-355 I0 ) taka thA / ataH pUjyapAdakA kAla adhikase adhika vikramakI pA~cavIM zatIke caturtha caraNase SaSThazatAbdIke prathama caraNa taka ThaharatA hai / isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainendrake ' aruNanmahendromathurAm, udAharaNameM mahendrako menendraminaNDara samajhanA bhArI bhrama hai / ' zrI mImAMsakajIkI ukta upapattiyA~ vajanadAra haiM / aura unhoMne unake AdhAra para jo samaya nirNIta kiyA hai vaha bhI pUjyapAdake aba taka nirNIta samayake pratikUla nahIM hai / tatvArtha bhASya aba hama usa tattvArtha bhASyake sambandhameM vizeSa rUpase prakAza DAleMge jise tattvArtha sUtrakAra umAsvAti racita kahA jAtA hai / aura kahA hI nahIM jAtA, balki bhASyake antameM pAI jAne vAle prazasti se bhI yahI vyakta hotA haiM / kintu jaisA hama pUrvameM likha Aye haiM bhASyakI svopajJatA sandigdha hai / ataH use sarvArthasiddhike pazcAt rakhA gayA hai / sarvArthasiddhi aura bhASya - yadyapi sarvArthasiddhi aura bhASyake kucha sthala, jo varNanAtmaka haiM ve parasparameM zabdazaH milate haiM / jaise naraka gatimeM duHkhokA varNana, anuprekSAoM AdikA varNana / tathA nauve adhyAyake pulAka vakuza Adi sUtrameM 1. 'sutaptayorasapAyana niSTaptAya stambhAliGganakUTa zAlmalyArohaNAvataraNAyoghanAbhighAta - vAsI kSuratakSaNa - kSArataptatailAva secanAyaH kumbhIpAkAmbarISabharjanavaitaraNImajjanayaMtraniSpIDanAdibhirnArakANAM duHkhamutpAdayanti / - sa0 s03|5 / ----taptAyorasapAyananiSTaptAyaH stambhAliGganakUTazAlmalyagrAropaNAvataraNAyoghanAbhighAta - vAsIkSaratakSaNakSArataptatailAbhisecAyaH kumbhapAkAmbarISatarjanayantrapIDanAyaHzUlazalAkA bhedana krakacapATana - |' - ta0bhA0, 3 / 5 | 2. 'yathA mRgazAvasyaikAnte balavatA kSuSitenAmiSaiSiNA vyAghreNAbhibhUtasya na kiJciccharaNamasti, tathA janmajarAmRtyuvyAdhiprabhRtivyasanamadhye paribhramato jantoH zaraNaM na vidyate / --sa0 si0, 97 // - yathA nirAzraye janavirahite vanasthalIpRSThe balavatA kSutparigatenAmiSaiSiNA siMhenAbhyAhatasya mRgazizoH zaraNaM na vidyate evaM janmajarAmaraNavyAdhipriyaviprayogApriyasaM prayoga jantoH saMsAre zaraNaM na vidyate / ta0 bhA0 9 / 7 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 295 Agata pulAkAdi nigranthoMkA lakSaNa bhI milatA huA hai / kintu jahA~ taka sUtroMke vyAkhyAdikA sambandha hai, donoM granthoMmeM bahuta antara pAyA jAtA hai| vaha antara zailI gata, aura viSayagata honeke sAtha hI sAtha sUtragata padoMkI sArthakatAse vizeSa sambandha rakhatA hai / donoM vyAkhyAoMke tulanAtmaka adhyayanase prakaTa hotA hai ki sUtroMke padoMkI sArthakatA AdikA jitanA acchA bodha sarvArthasiddhikArako thA utanA bhASyakArako nahIM thaa| yadyapi bhASyakAra ne bhI apane bhASyameM sUtragata zabdoMkI sAthakartAkA kahIM-kahIM nirdeza kiyA hai kintu bahutase Avazyaka sUtroMke padoMke sambandhameM unhoMne kucha bhI nahIM likhA hai| yathA-aupazAmika kSAyiko bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatatvamaudAyikapAriNAmiko ca' // 21 // __isa sUtrakI racanA kucha vicitra hai kintu bhASyakAra ne usake sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhaa| eka sUtra hai-'jJAna darzana dAna lAbha bhogopabhogavIryANi ca // 2-4 // ' isake bhASyameM 'jJAnaM darzanaM dAnaM lAbho bhogo upabhogo vIryamityetAni ca nava kSAyikA bhAvA bhavantIti' likhA hai jisakA artha hotA hai ki jJAna, darzana, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga vIrya ye nau kSAyika bhAva hote haiN| 'ca' zabdase pIche kahe gaye samyaktva aura cAritrakA grahaNa karanA cAhiye, yaha bhI isameM nahIM likhA hai / usake binA jJAnAdi sAta hI hote haiN| eka sUtra hai-'sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAna pudgalAnAdatte' // 8-2 // isameM 'karmaNo yogyAn' ke sthAnameM 'karmayogyAn' pada bhI rakhA jA sakatA thA / bhASyameM 'karmayogyAn' padakA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai kintu phira bhI 'karmaNo yogyAn' pada kyoM rakhA, isapara bhASyakArane koI prakAza nahIM ddaalaa| kintu sarvArthasiddhikArane isa 'karmaNo yogyAn' padake Uparase jainamiddhAntake jisa rahasyako spaSTa kiyA hai vaha apUrva hai| ___isa tarahake aura bhI bahutase udAharaNa upasthita kiye jA sakate haiN| yahAM vistAra bhayase una sabako denA zakya nahIM haiN| una savase yahI vyakta hotA hai ki bhASyakArako tattvArthasUtrake sUtroMkA utanA spaSTa anugama nahIM thA jitanA sarvArthasiddhikArako thaa| aura isase tathA sarvArthasiddhi meM sUtra 1116kI vyAkhyAmeM Agata eka pAThAntarake sambandhameM jo usa pAThAntarako mAnanevAloMkI vyAkhyA dI hai usase barAbara aisA lagatA hai ki sarvArthasiddhikArake sAmane tattvArtha sUtrakI koI vyAkhyA honI cAhiye, jo bhASyase bhinna thii| kintu bhASyakArake sAmane koI anya vyAkhyA honekA koI AbhAsa bhASyase nahIM miltaa| zailI tathA vaiduSya-bhASyake avalokanase prakaTa hotA hai ki bhASyakAra

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296 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa Agamika zailIke vidvAna the| aura jaina siddhAntoMkA unhoMne acchA anugama kiyA thaa| 'Adyazabdo dvitribhedo' // 1-35 // sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM jo unhoMne nayoMkA tathA 'utpAdavyaya dhrauvyayuktaM sat' // 5-29 // aura 'apitAnarpitasiddheH // 5-39 // ' sUtroMkI vyAkhyAmeM jo Agamika zailImeM anekAntavAdakA vivecana kiyA hai, vaha unake vaiduSyakA paricAyaka hai| paM0 sukhalAlajIne tattvArtha sUtrakI apanI prastAvanAmeM sUtra 2-52 ke bhASyake kucha aMzako yogasUtrake vyAsabhASyase prabhAvita batalAyA hai aura yaha prakaTa kiyA hai ki bhASyakAra darzanAntaroMke bhI jJAtA the| kintu darzanoMke jJAtA hote hae bhI unakI zailImeM dArzanikatAse AgamikatA hI adhika hai| 'pratyakSamanyat' // 1-12 // sUtrake bhASyameM unhoMne yaha likhA hai ki kucha vAdI anumAna, upamAna, Agama, arthApatti, sambhava aura abhAvako bhI pramANa mAnate haiM kintu unakA antarbhAva matijJAna aura zruta jJAnameM ho jAtA hai kyoMki ve saba indriya aura padArthake sannikarSase hote haiN,'| parantu unhoMne 'na cakSuranindriyAbhyAm // 1-19 // ' sUtrake bhASyameM yaha nahIM batalAyA ki cakSu aura manase vyaMjanAvagraha kyoM nahIM hotA / aura na sannikarSake sambandhameM hI koI carcA kI hai / artha aura vyaMjanako bhI spaSTa nahIM kiyA hai| sUtroMkA sAdhAraNa artha karaneke sAtha-sAtha jahA~ unheM ucita pratIta huA vahA~ sambaddha Agamika yA saiddhAntika viSayoMkA vivecana hI unhoMne apane bhASyameM kiyA hai| yoM to unhoMne yatratatra kucha sUtroMkI utthAnikAeM dI haiM, kintu aneka Avazyaka utthAnikAoMko chor3a hI diyA hai| udAharaNake lie, dUsare adhyAyameM 'vigrahagatI karmayogaH // 2-26 // sUtrase eka bilkula naI carcAkA sUtrapAta hotA hai kintu usa tathA usase Ageke tIna sUtroMkI koI utthAnikA hI nahIM dii| aise udAharaNa aura bhI haiN| jahA~ utthAnikA diye binA bhI kAma cala sakatA thA, vahA~ utthAnikAoMkA denA aura jahA~ unakA denA Avazyaka thA, vahA~ nahIM denA, bar3A vicitra sA lagatA hai / jo viSaya jahA~ denA cAhiye thA, vahA~ na dekara anyatra denekA eka udAharaNa bhASyako svopajJatAko vicAra karate samaya pIche de Aye haiN| bhASyameM matAntaroMkA nirdeza-bhASyakArane apane bhASyameM aneka matabhedoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai, jo prAyaH jaina siddhAnta viSayaka hI haiN| 1. bhASyakArane sUtra 1-6ke bhASyame 'caturvidhamityeke naya vAdAntaraNa' likhakara pramANake cAra bhedoMkA matAntarase nirdeza kiyA hai| anuyogadvArameM pramANake cAra bheda pAye jAte haiN| saMbhavatayA bhASyakArane 'eke' se usIkA nirdeza kiyA

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya : 297 hai / isake sambandhameM paM0 sukhalAlajIne likhA' hai-'jAna par3atA hai sabase pahale AryarakSitane, jo janmase hI brAhmaNa the aura vaidika zAstroMkA abhyAsa karaneke pazcAt hI jaina sAdhu hue the apane grantha anuyogadvArameM (pR0 211) pratyakSa anumAnAdi cAra pramANoMkA vibhAga jo gautama darzana (nyAyasU0 1-1-3) meM prasiddha hai usako dAkhila kiyaa|' pramANa catuSTaya vibhAga asalameM nyAyadarzanakA hI hai isa lie bhASyakArane use 'nayavAdAntareNa' kahA hai| 2. sUtra 2-43 ke bhASyameM bhASyakArane likhA hai ki-'kinhIMke matase jIvake sAtha eka kArmaNa zarIrakA hI anAdi sambandha hai / taijasa to labdhyapekSa hotA hai aura vaha taijasa labdhi sabake nahIM hotI, kisIke hI hotI hai|' isapara siddhasena gaNiko TIkAke avalokanase prakaTa hotA hai ki zvetAmbara paramparAmeM isa sambandhameM matabheda hai / yadyapi sUtrakArane sabhI saMsArI jIvoMke kArmaNa aura taijasa donoM zarIroMkA anAdi sambandha batalAyA hai ora bhASyakArane bhI tadanusAra hI bhASyameM kathana kiyA hai, tathApi jo pakSa taijasakA saba jIvoMke anAdi sambandha nahIM mAnatA, vaha sUtra aura usake bhASyakA vyAkhyAna bhI apane anukUla hI karatA hai / digambara paramparAmeM isa tarahakA koI matabheda nahIM hai / / 3. sUtra 1-31 ke bhASyameM bhASyakArane kinhIM AcAryokA yaha mata diyA hai ki kevala jJAnake ho jAne para mati zruta Adi jJAnoMkA abhAva nahIM hotA hai kintu jaise sUryake prakAzase nakSatra maNDala chipa jAtA hai vaise hI anya saba jJAna vidyamAna hote hue bhI kevala jJAnase abhibhUta ho jAte haiM / kintu bhASyakArane isa matako mAnya nahIM kiyA hai| isI taraha anya bhI kaI zAstrIya mata bhedoMkA ullekha bhASyameM kiyA gayA hai / bhASyameM Agama viruddha mAnyatAoMkA nirdeza-bhASyameM Agata katipaya mAnyatAoM para siddhasenagaNine apanI TIkAmeM Apatti kI hai / yadyapi gaNijIne katipaya mAnyatAoMkA samanvaya karanekI bhI ceSTA kI hai kintu kahIM-kahIM to vaha bhASyakArapara burI tarahase barasa par3e haiM aura unake kathanako pramattagIta (pAgalakA pralApa ) taka kaha DAlA hai / siddhasenagaNi kRta TIkAkI mudrita pratike dUsare bhAgakI prastAvanAmeM usake sampAdaka zrI hIrAlAla rasika dAsa ema0 e0 ne bhI aisI mAnyatAoMkI eka tAlikA dI hai aura prArambhameM likhA hai ki tattvArthasUtrameM aura usake svopajJa bhASyameM katipaya aise ullekha haiM jo zvetAmbarIya, AgamAdigranthoMmeM athavA digambarIya granthoMmeM dRSTigocara nahIM hote| ve ullekha isa prakAra haiM-tattvArthasUtrameM (1-4) sAtatattva batalAye haiM 1. pramA0 mImAM0 bha0 Ti0, pR0 20 /

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298 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kintu zvetAmbara sampradAyameM navatattva hI batalAye haiM / siddhasenagaNine pUjyapAda aura akalaMkakI taraha bandhameM puNya aura pApakA antabhAva mAnakara usapara koI Apatti nahIM uThAI hai| digambara paramparAmeM kundakundane no padArthoMkI taraha sAta tattva bhI batalAye haiM yaha hama pahale hI likha Aye haiM / 2. bhASya mAnyapAThameM sUtra ( 1-34 ) ke dvArA pahale nayoMke pA~ca bheda batalAye haiM phira sUtra (1-35)meM paJcama zabda nayake tIna bheda batalAye haiM / bhASyameM una tIna bhedokA nAma sAmprata, samabhirUr3ha, aura evaMbhUta batalAyA hai| kintu sAmprata nAmakA naya kisI bhI jaina granthameM nahIM miltaa| gaNijI ne isapara koI Apatti nahIM kI hai| 3. sUtra 2-17ke bhASyameM upakaraNendriyake do bheda batalAye haiN| isapara Apatti karate hue TIkAkAra gaNijI ne kahA hai ki AgamameM upakaraNake antara aura bAhya bheda nahIM batalAye haiM / yaha to AcArya (bhASyakArakA) hI koI sampradAya hai / 4. sUtra 3-9ke bhASyameM bhASyakArane meru parvatakA varNana karate hue bhadrazAla vanase paNDukavana taka merukI U~cAI tathA hAnikA kathana kiyA hai / usapara Apatti karate hue TokAkAra ne likhA hai ki AcArya ne jo yaha hAni batalAI hai vaha gaNitake anusAra ghaTita nahIM hotii| gaNita zAstravettA vidvAna isa hAniko Agamake anusAra anya prakArase batalAte haiM / 5. sUtra 3-15 kI TIkAmeM siddhasena gaNi ne likhA hai ki kinhIM duSToM ne antarvIpa sambandhI bhASya naSTa kara diyA, isIse bhASyameM 96 antarvIpa pAye jAte haiM / kintu yaha kathana ArSaviruddha hai kyoM ki jIvAbhigama AdimeM chappana antarvIpa kahe haiM / vAcaka mukhya sUtrakA ullaMghana karake aisA nahIM kaha sakate, aisA karanA asaMbhava hai, ataH kinhIM siddhAnta virodhiyoM ne use naSTa kara diyaa|' 1. 'Agame tu nAsti kazcidantabahirbheda upakaraNasyetyAcAryasyaiva kuto'pi sampra dAya iti / ' vahI-pR0 166 / 2. 'eSA ca parihANirAcAryoktA na manAgapi gaNitaprakriyayA saGgacchate........ gaNitazAstravido hi parihANimanyathA varNayantyArSAnusAriNaH / ' vahI, pR0 252 / 3. 'etaccAntaradvIpakabhASyaM prAyo vinAzitaM sarvatra kairapi vigdhairyena SaNNa vatirantaradvIpakA bhASyeSu dRzyante / anArSa caitadadhyavasIyate jIvAbhigamAdiSu SaTpaJcAzadantaradvIpakAdhyayanAt, nApi vAcakamukhyAH sUtrollaGghanenAbhidapatyasambhAvyamAnatvAt tasmAt saiddhAntikapAzavinAzitamidamiti |'-vhii, pu0 267 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 299 isase patA calatA hai ki bhASmeM 96 antarvIpa batalAye the, jaisA ki digambara paramparAmeM mAnya haiN| kintu aba jo mudrita bhASya haiM, yahA~ taka ki siddhasenakI TIkAmeM jo bhASya mudrita hai usameM bhI 56 hI antardIpa batalAye gaye haiN| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki gaNi jI kI TIkAke pazcAt bhASyase 96 vAlA pATha haTAkara usake sthAnameM 56 vAlA pATha rakha diyA hai / mUla bhASyameM 96 hI antarvIpa batalAye the| 6. sUtra 4-14 ke bhASyameM bhASyakArane likhA hai ki sUrya, candramA, graha aura nakSatra tiryaglokameM haiM aura zeSa jyotiSkadeva UrdhvalokameM rahate haiN| ___isapara siddhasena gaNine likhA hai| AcArya hI (bhASyakAra) ise jAnate hai, AgamameM to aisA kathana nahIM hai / sabhI jyotiSkadeva tiryaglokameM hI rahate haiN| 7. 'sUtra 8-32 ke bhASya meM dUsare saMhananakA nAma ardhavajrarSabhanArAca' batalAyA hai| isapara gaNijIne likhA hai ki yaha bhASyakArakA mata hai| karma prakRti grantha meM to vajranArAca nAma hI hai| isameM kyA tattva hai yaha to pUrNa zrutadhara hI jAnate haiN| 8. sUtra 9-6 ke bhASyameM bhASyakArane bAraha bhikSupratimAoM meM se AThavIM Adi pratimAoMko saptarAtrikI Adi batalAyA hai| gaNijIne usase kupita hokara likhA hai-yaha bhASya paramAgamake vacanoMke anusAra nahIM hai| yaha pAgalakA pralApa hai vAcaka to pUrvavit the vaha isa prakAra ArSaviruddha kaise likha sakate haiN|' isa prakAra bhASyake aneka prasaMga zvetAmbarIya AgamoMke bhI viruddha haiN| aura isa liye siddhasena gaNine unheM vAcaka umAsvAtikA nahIM mAnA hai| kintu hameM to sArA bhASya hI sUtrakArakRta pratIta nahIM hotA, jaisA ki hama pahale likha Aye haiN| 1. 'zeSAstu prakIrNatArakA Urdhvaloke bhavanti iti / AcArya evedamavagacchati, na tvArSamevamavasthitaM, sarvajyotiSkANAM tiryaglokavyavasthAnAditi / ' vahI, pR0 288 / 2. 'ardhavajrarSabhanArAcanAma tu vajrarSabhanArAcAnAmadhaM kila sarveSAM vajrasyA'... iti bhASyakAramatam / karmaprakRtigrantheSu vajranArAcanAmaivaM paTTahInaM paThitaM, kimatra tattvamiti sampUrNAnuyogadhAriNaH kvacid saMvidrate / 'vahI, bhA0 pR0 154 / 3. 'nedaM pAramarSapravacanAnusAri bhASyaM, kiM tarhi ? pramattagItametat / vAcako hi pUrvavit kathamevaMvidhamArSavisaMvAdi nibandhIyAt |'-si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 2, pR0 206 /

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300 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa bhASyakA racanAkAla aba hama bhASyake racanAkAla para vicAra kareMge / 1. bhASyapara do TIkAeM upalabdha haiM aura donoM prakAzita bhI ho cukI haiN| unameMse eka TIkA bar3I hai aura usake racayitA siddhasena gaNi haiM / aura dUsarI choTI TIkAke racayitA haribhadra hai| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM haribhadra nAmake kaI AcArya ho gaye haiM jinameM saikar3oM granthoMke racayitA yAkinIsunu haribhadra pramukha haiN| isa dUsarI vRttikA racayitA inhIMko mAnA jAtA hai| paM0 sukhalAlajIne bhI tattvArthasUtrakI apanI prastAvanA (pR0 43) meM yahI bAta likhI hai / usI AdhAra para hamane dUsarI vRttiko dekhA to hameM yaha dekhakara Azcarya huA ki donoM vRttiyoMke aneka sthala zabdazaH milate haiN| haribhadrakI vRtti dekhanese pahale hama siddhasena kI vRtti dekha cuke the aura akalaMkadevake tattvArthavArtikake sAtha milAna karake isa nirNaya para bhI pahuMca gaye the ki siddhasenane akalaMkadevakI tattvArthavAtikako na kevala dekhA hai kintu usakA anusaraNa bhI kiyA hai| aise sthaloMko haribhadrakI vRtti meM bhI jyoM kA tyoM dekhakara pahale to hamane yahI samajhA ki haribhadrakI vRttikA anusaraNa siddhasenane kiyA hai aura haribhadrane tattvArthavArtikakA anusaraNa kiyA hai| kintu anusandhAna karane para hameM jJAta huA ki choTI vRtti haribhadra nAmake kisI anya AcAryakI kRti hai aura unhoMne siddhasena gaNikI vRttiko sAmane rakhakara apanI vRtti racI hai| ataH bhASyapara upalabdha TIkAoMmeM sabase prAcIna TIkA siddhasena gaNikI hai| siddhasenane apanI TIkAke antameM apanI prazasti bhI dI hai| usake anusAra dinnagaNike ziSya siMhasUra, siMhasUrake ziSya bhAsvAmI aura bhAsvAmIke ziSya siddhasena gaNi the| siMhasUrane nayacakra para vRtti racI hai| paM0 sukhalAlajIne (ta0 sU0 kI prastA0 pR0 42) likhA hai ki siMhasUra vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdIke madhyameM avazya vidyamAna the| tathA siddhasena gaNine apanI TIkAmeM bauddha naiyAyika dharmakItikA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki siddhasena vikramako sAtavIM zatAbdIse pahale nahIM hue| tathA navavIM zatAbdIke vidvAna zIlAGkane AcArAMga TIkAmeM gandhahastI nAmase unakA ullekha kiyA hai aisA paM0 sukhalAlajIne (ta0 sU0 prastA0 42) likhA hai / ataH navavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt nahIM hue yaha bhI nizcita hai| ukta donoM AdhAroMpara yadi unakA samaya moTetaura para AThavIM zatAbdI mAna liyA jAye to yaha nizcita hai ki usa samaya tattvArtha bhASya vartamAna thaa| 2. yaha bhI nizcita hai ki akalaMkadeva siddhasena gaNike pUrvaja the, kyoMki

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya : 301 jaisA hama Age likheMge siddhasena gaNine apanI tattvArtha TIkAmeM unake tattvArtha vAtikakA pUrA upayoga kiyA hai| akalaMkadeva bhI dharmakItike pazcAt hue hai| ataH itanA nizcita hai ki siddhasena gaNikI taraha ve bhI sAtavIM zatAbdIse pahale nahIM hue| aura isaliye akalaMkadeva aura siddhasenagaNike madhyameM dIrghakAlakA antarAla honA bhI sambhava nahIM hai / adhika sambhava to yahI pratIta hotA hai ki akalaMka sAtavIM zatAbdIke antima caraNameM hue haiM to siddhasena AThavIM zatAbdIke madhyameM / ataH jisa tattvArthabhASya para siddhasenane TIkA likhI vaha akalaMkadevake samayameM avazya vartamAna honA caahiye| kyoMki siddhasenakI TIkAmeM diye gaye matabhedoMse yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki unake sAmane tattvArthabhASyakI anya TIkA TippaNa bhI vartamAna the| ataH tattvArthabhASya sAtavIM zatAbdImeM avazya racA jA cukA thaa| apane ukta kathanake samarthanameM eka pramANa hameM aura bhI upalabdha huA haimallavAdIke nayacakra para siMhasUra kSamAzramaNakI nyAyAgamAnusAriNIvRtti upalabdha hai| usameM tattvArthabhASyakA eka vAkya uddhRta hai| siMhasUra siddhasena gaNike dAdAguru the aura unakA samaya vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdIkA madhyakAla mAnA jAtA hai| akalaMka deva aura unakA tattvArtha vArtika ___ jaina paramparAmeM bhaTTAkalaMka deva bar3e prakhara tArkika aura dArzanika hue haiM / inheM jainanyAyakA yadi pitA kahA jAye to koI atyukti nahIM hai| bauddha darzanameM dharma kIrtiko jo sthAna prApta hai vahI sthAna jainadarzanameM akalaMkakA hai / ataH darzana aura nyAyake prakaraNameM inake sambandha vistArase prakAza DAlA jaayegaa| inake dvArA racita prAyaH sabhI grantha jainadarzana aura jainanyAyase sambandha rakhate haiM aura unheM ina viSayoMkA Akara grantha kahA jA sakatA hai| ataH una saba granthoMkA paricayAdi bhI usI prakaraNameM denA ucita hogaa| unhIM granthoMmeM tattvArtha vArtika nAmaka grantha bhI hai, jo tattvArtha sUtrakA hI vyAkhyA grantha hai| yadyapi usakI zailI dArzanikatAse paripUrNa hai tathApi usameM Agamika carcAeM honese tattvArthase sambandha honeke kAraNa use isa prakaraNameM rakhA gayA hai| 1. 'kazcidevaM bhASyametad vyAkhyAyi'-pR0 29 / 2. 'laukikasama upacAraH prAyo vistRtArtho vyavahAra' iti vacanAt / 3. ta0 bhA0 1-35 / -dvA0 na0 ca0, pR0 95 /

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302 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa nAma-isa granthake Adya maMgala zlokake caturtha caraNameM 'vakSye tattvArthavArtikam' likhakara akalaMkadevane isa granthako tattvArthavArtika nAma diyA hai / yaha nAma sArthaka hai / cUMki yaha tattvArtha sUtrakA vyAkhyA grantha hai ataH usako tattvArtha nAma diyA jAnA ucita hI hai| tathA usakI racanA vArtikoMke rUpameM honese use tattvArthavArtika saMjJA dI gaI hai / ye vArtika zlokAtmaka bhI hote haiM aura gadyAtmaka bhI hote haiM / kumArilakA mImAMsA zlokavArtika aura dharmakIrtikA pramANavAtika zlokoMmeM racA gayA hai / kintu nyAyadarzanake mUtroMpara udyotakarane jo nyAyavArtika racA hai vaha gadyAtmaka hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jaise udyotakarane nyAyasUtroMpara nyAyavArtika racA vaise hI akalaMkadevane tattvArthake sUtroMpara tattvArthavArtikakI racanA kii| ___tattvArthavArtikako tattvArtharAjavArtika bhI kahate haiN| aura usakA saMkSipta nAma rAjavAtika hI adhika pracalita pAyA jAtA hai / vikramakI 15vIM zatAbdIke granthakAra dharmabhUSaNane rAjavAtika' nAmase usakA ullekha kiyA hai| tathA tattvArtharAjavAtika bhASya nAmase bhI usakA ullekha kiyA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vArtika to sUtra rUpa haiM aura una vArtikoMkA vyAkhyAna bhI akalaMkadevane svayaM kiyA hai| ataH dharmabhUSaNajIne vAtikako uddhRta karate hue to rAjavArtika nAmakA ullekha kiyA hai aura usakI vyAkhyAko uddhRta karate samaya tattvArtharAjavArtika bhASya nAmakA ullekha kiyA hai / vikramakI nauvIM zatAbdIke granthakAra vIrasena svAmIne to apanI 'dhavalA aura jayadhavalA' TIkAmeM kevala tattvArtha bhASya nAmase hI tattvArthavAtikakA ullekha kiyA hai| . racanAzailI tathA mahattva-akalaMkadevane apanA tattvArthavAtika udyotakarake nyAyavAtikako zailIse likhA hai| isameM vArtika jude haiM aura unakI vyAkhyA judI hai| isIse isakI puSpikAoMmeM ise 'tattvArthavArtika vyAkhyAnAlaMkAra saMjJA dI gaI hai / udyotakarane bhI apanI vAtikoMkA vyAkhyAna svayaM kiyA hai / mUlasUtra grantha dasa adhyAyoMmeM vibhakta hai ataH tattvArthavArtikameM bhI dasa hI adhyAya haiM / 1. 'yad raajvaatikm|'-nyaa0 dI0, pR0 31 / 2. 'uktaM tattvArtha bhASye'-SaTakha0, pu0 1, pR0 103 / 3. 'pramANa prakAzitArtha vizeSa prarUpako nayaH' ayaM vAkyanayaH tattvArtha bhaassygtH| -ka0 pA0, bhA0 1, pR0 210 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 303 kintu akalaMkadevane nyAyavAtikakI taraha hI pratyeka adhyAyako AhnikoMmeM vibhakta kara diyA hai| ____ akalaGkadevake grantha do prakArake haiM-TIkA grantha aura svataMtra prakaraNa / TIkAgranthoMmeM tattvArthavAtika aura aSTa zatI haiM / tathA svataMtra granthoMmeM laghIyastraya savivRtti, nyAyavinizcaya savivRtti, siddhivinizcaya savivRtti aura pramANa saMgraha mukhya haiM / ye sabhI svataMtra grantha saMkSipta honepara bhI bahuta gambhIra, aura arthabahula hai / akalaMkadevakI praur3ha tAkika zailIke sAkSAt darzana to unhIM meM hote haiM / ___ tattvArthasUtrakA viSaya saiddhAntika aura Agamika hai phalataH tattvArthavAtikameM bhI usI viSayakA prAdhAnya honA svAbhAvika hai / kintu akalaMkadeva siddhAnta aura Agamake marmajJa hote hue bhI mukhya rUpase dArzanika the| ataH tattvArthavArtikako zailImeM dArzanikatAkI chAyA rahanA svAbhAvika hai / tattvArthasUtrake prathama tathA paJcama adhyAyameM kramase jJAnakI aura dravyoMkI carcA hai aura ye hI donoM carcAeM darzanazAstrake pradhAna aMgabhUta haiM / ataH akalaMkadevane ina donoM adhyAyoMmeM aneka dArzanika viSayoMkI samIkSA kI hai / darzanazAstrake abhyAsiyoMke lie ye donoM adhyAya bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / inameM jo dArzanika carcAeM haiM ve isase pUrvake jainasAhityameM upalabdha nahIM hotii| jainadarzana anekAntavAdI darzana hai aura AcArya samantabhadra anekAnta vAdake sabase bar3e vyavasthApaka hue haiM / unhoMne AptamImAMsAke dvArA usIkI vyavasthA kI hai| usI AptamImAMsApara akalaMkadevane apanA aSTazatI bhASya racA thaa| akalaMkadeva samantabhadrake suyogya uttarAdhikArI the| unhoMne tattvArthavAtikake dvArA anekAntavAdako sthApanA hI mukhya rUpase kI hai| jitane bhI dArzanika mantavya usameM cacita haiM sabakA samAdhAna anekAntake dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isIlie dArzanika viSayoMse sambaddha sUtroMke vyAkhyAnameM 'anekAntAt' vArtika avazya pAyA jAtA hai| isake avalokanase aisA spaSTa rUpase pratIta hotA hai ki unakI isa racanAkA eka pradhAna uddeza Agamika zailIke grantha dvArA bhI anekAntakI vyavasthA ko avatarita karanA thA / jina adhyAyoMmeM dArzanikatAkI gandha bhI nahIM haiM unameM bhI yathAsthAna anekAntavAdako carcAko avatarita kiyA gayA hai / __kintu isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki Agamika viSayoMkI unhoMne upekSA kI hai| tIsare aura caturtha adhyAyoMmeM lokAnuyogase sambaddha viSayoMkA jo varNana yathAsthAna kiyAgayA hai, vaha tiloyapaNNatti jaise lokAnuyogaviSayaka prAcIna mahattvapUrNa granthase bhI apanI vizeSatA rakhatA hai jisakA digdarzana tiloyapaNNatti granthake antargata karAyA jA cukA hai| isI taraha anya bhI kaI saiddhAntika viSayoMkI mahattvapUrNa carcA yathAsthAna kI gaI hai /

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304 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa sArAMza yaha hai ki tattvArthavArtika eka tarahase eka Akara grantha jaisA hai| isIse paM0 sukhalAlajIne apanI tattvArthasUtrakI prastAvanA (pR0 78-79 ) meM usake sambandhameM likhA hai-'rAjavAtika aura zlokavAtikake itihAsajJa abhyAsI ko mAlUma par3egA ki dakSiNa hindustAnameM jo dArzanika vidhA aura spardhAkA samaya AyA aura anekamukha pANDitya vikasita huA, usIkA pratibimba ina donoM granthoMmeM hai / prastuta donoM vArtika jaina darzanakA prAmANika abhyAsa karaneke paryApta sAdhana hai, parantu inameMse rAjavAtika gadya, sarala aura vistRta honese tattvArthake sampUrNa TIkA granthoMkI garaja akelA hI pUrI karatA hai| ye do vAtika yadi nahIM hote to dasavIM zatAbdI takake digambara sAhityameM jo viziSTatA AI hai aura usakI jo pratiSThA baMdhI hai vaha nizcayase adhUrI hI rhtii| ve do vArtika sAmpradAyika honepara bhI aneka dRSTiyoMse bhAratIya dArzanika sAhityameM viziSTa sthAna prApta kareM aisI yogyatA rakhate haiN| inakA avalokana bauddha aura vaidika paramparAke aneka viSayoMpara tathA aneka granthoMpara aitihAsika prakAza DAlatA hai| ___ AdhAra-tattvArtha vArtikakA mUla AdhAra pUjyapAdakI sarvArtha siddhi hai| sarvArtha siddhikI vAkya racanA sUtra jaisI santulita aura parimita hai| ataH akalaMka devane usake prAyaH sabhI vizeSa vAkyoMko apane bArtika banA DAlA hai / aura unakA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| AvazyakatAnusAra naye vArtikoM kI to racanA kI hI hai kintu sarvArthasiddhikA upayoga pUrI tarahase kiyA gayA hai / aura yadi kahA jAye ki tattvArtha vArtikameM lagabhaga samagra sarvArthasiddhi A gayI hai to koI atyukti nahIM hogii| kintu sarvArthasiddhikA viziSTa abhyAsI bhI yadi tattvArtha vArtikako par3he to use bhI yaha bodha nahIM ho sakatA ki maiM kisI paThita viSaya ko hI par3ha rahA huuN| jaise bIja vRkSameM samA jAtA hai vaise hI sarvArthasiddhi tattvArthavAtikameM samA gii| usako AdhAra banAkara akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavArtika rUpI bhavya prAsAdakA nirmANa kiyA hai, jisameM AdhArakI prAcInatA hote hue bhI saba kucha navIna hI navIna dRSTigocara hotA hai; kyoMki sarvArthasiddhikArane jina viSayoMkI carcA nahIM kI thI, aura jo viSaya sarvArthasiddhikArake pazcAt dArzanika kSetrameM avatarita hue una sabhIkI saMyojanA tattvArthavArtikameM kI gaI hai / cacita viSaya-tattvArthavArtikameM jina vizeSa viSayoMkI carcA akalaMkadevane kI hai unakA digdarzana karAye binA granthakA dArzanika rUpa adhUrA raha jAtA hai| ataH saMkSepameM unakA digdarzana karAyA jAtA hai| 1. prathama adhyAyake prathama sUtrake vyAkhyAnameM akalaMkadevane kartA aura karaNa ke bhedAbhedakI carcA uThAI hai| jJAna zabdakI 'jAnAti iti jJAnam' aura

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 305 jJAyate'neneti jJAnam' jo jAnatA hai vaha jJAna hai aura jisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai vaha jJAna hai, ina do vyulatiyoM ko lekara vaha zaMkA ko gaI hai / kartA karaNase bhinna hotA hai jaise devadatta kuThArase bhinna hai| ataH AtmA jJAnase bhinna hai| isa carcAko uThAkara antameM jJAnase AtmAko bhinna aura abhinna siddha kiyA gayA hai| sarvArthasiddhimeM bhI pUjyapAda svAmIne isa zaMkAko uThAyA hai aura usakA samASAna anekAntavAdI dRSTikoNase kiyA hai| akalaMkadevane usIko khUba vistAra diyA hai| 2. isI prathama sUtrake antargata dUsare AhnikameM yaha carcA uThAI hai ki saba darzanoMmeM jJAnase hI mokSa mAnA gayA hai ataH mokSa mArga samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak caritra rUpa nahIM ho sktaa| aura isake samarthana meM sAMkhya, vaizeSika, nyAya aura bauddhadarzanake mata diye gaye haiN| sAMkhyamatake samarthanameM 'dharmeNa gamanamUdhvaM, ityAdi sAMkhyakArikA 44, vyAkhyAke sAtha dI gaI hai / vaizeSika matake samarthanameM 'icchAdveSapUrvikA dharmAdharmapravRttiH / 6 / 2 / 14 / isa vai0 ze0 sUtrako liyA gayA hai / nyAyadarzanake samarthanameM duHkha janma pravRti ityAdi nyAya sUtra 1 / 1 / 2 ko vyAkhyA pUrvaka uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / aura bauddha darzanake samarthanameM prasiddha dvAdazAMga pratItya samutpAdakA vivaraNa diyA hai / 3. sUtra 1-5 ke vyAkhyAnameM pAtaJjala mahAbhASyake 'kRtrimAkRtrimayoH kRtrimeM saMpratyayo bhavati / 1 / 1 / 22 / tathA 'gauNamukhyayomukhya saMpratyayaH' 8 / 3 / 22 / ina donoM kayanoMkA nirAsa karake unameM anekAnta dRSTiko mAnya kiyA hai| pAta0 mahA0 kA upayoga tattvArthavAtikameM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA gayA hai aura usase aneka udAharaNa diye gaye haiM / 4. sUtra 1-6 meM saptabhaMgIkA vivecana karake anekAntameM anekAntako sughaTita kiyA hai tathA anekAnta chalamAtra hai aura anekAntavAda saMzayakA hetu hai, ina AropoMkA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| tathA 'ekavastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai' isa bAtako laukika va zAstrIya udAharaNoMse siddha karate hue sarva vAdiyoMkI isa viSayameM sahamati sapramANa batalAI hai| 5. sUtra 1-9 ke antargata 'ekAntavAdiyoMmeM jJAnakA karaNa kartR Adi sAdhana nahIM bana sakatA' isa bAtako vistArase siddha kiyA hai| ekAntavAdiyoMko do bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA hai-eka, jo AtmAko nahIM mAnate aura dUsare, 1. ta0 vA0, pR. 24, 31, 32, 33, 128, 187, 212, 237, 462, mAdi / 20

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306 : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa jo AtmAko mAnate haiN| prathama vibhAgameM bauddha darzanako aura dUsare vibhAgameM vaizeSika aura sAMkhya darzanako liyA gayA hai aura unakI samIkSA kI hai| 6. sUtra 1-11 ke antargata 'indriyoMke vyApArase utpanna honevAlA jJAna pratyakSa hai aura unake binA hone vAlA jJAna parokSa hai| aisA mAnanevAloMkA nirAsa kiyA hai| isI sUtra ke antargata sarvArthasiddhimeM bhI yaha prazna uThAkara usakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| kintu tattvArthavArtikameM akalaMkadevane pUrvapakSake samarthanameM dignAgake pramANa samuccaya, nyAyasUtra, vaizeSikasUtra, mImAMsAdarzana Adi se pramANa uddhRta kiye haiM aura phira unakI samIkSAkA pradhAna lakSya dignAgakA pramANa samuccaya hai| usIke 'kalpanApoDhaM pratyakSam' kI AlocanA yahA~ pradhAna rUpa se kI gaI hai| isa prakaraNameM basubandhuke abhi dharmakoza se bhI kArikA (1132 tathA 1 / 17) uddhRta kI gaI hai| 7. sUtra 1-19 meM cakSuke prApyakAritvakA tathA zrotrake aprApyakAritvakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / nyAya-vaizeSika darzana cakSuko prApyakArI mAnate haiM aura bauddha darzana zrotrako aprApyakArI mAnatA hai / 8. sUtra 1.20 ke antargata nyAyasUtra 11115 meM nirdiSTa anumAnake pUrvavat, zeSavat aura sAmAnyatodRSTa bhedoMkA tathA upamAna, aitihya, arthApatti, saMbhava aura abhAva nAmaka parakalpita pramANoMkA antarbhAva zrutajJAnameM batalAyA hai| 9. sUtra 2-8 meM AtmAko na mAnane vAloMke 'AtmA nahIM hai kyoMki usakA koI kAraNa nahIM hai| jaise khara viSANa (gadhe ke sIMga) tathA AtmA nahIM hai kyoMki usakA pratyakSa nahIM hotA' ina donoM hetuoMkA nirAkaraNa karake AtmAkA astitva siddha kiyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, yuktijAlase kharaviSANakA bhI astitva siddha kiyA hai jo usa samaya kI tAkika praNAlI para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| 10. sUtra 4-42 ke antargata eka ko anya vividha yuktiyoMse anekAtmaka siddha karake saptabhaMgIkA vivecana bahuta vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 1-6 ke antargata to vastukI svAtmA aura parAtmAkA vizleSaNa vizeSa rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| kintu yahA~ saptabhaMgIke sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza bheda karake pramANa saptabhaMgI aura nayasaptabhaMgIkA pRthak-pRthak kathana kiyA hai| tathA pramANa saptabhaMgIkA kathana karate hue saptabhaMgIke pratyeka udAharaNAtmaka vAkyake pratyeka padakI samIkSA karate hue usakI AvazyakatA siddha kI hai| yathA 'syAdastyeva jIvaH' isa udAharaNAtmaka vAkyameM Agata 'syAt' asti, eva, aura jIva padoM meM se pratyekake abhAvameM kyA-kyA vipratipattiyA~ utpanna hotI hai isakA vizleSaNa karake pratyeka padakA sAphalya batalAyA hai / saptabhaMgIkA yaha vivecana usase pUrvake upalabdha sAhityameM anyatra nahIM pAyA jaataa|

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tattvArthavipayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 307 11. sUtra 5 - 2 ke antargata vaizeSika darzanake 'dravyatvayogAt dravyam' kI AlocanA khUba vistAra se kI hai / aura antameM 'guNasandrAvo dravyam' kI bhI samIkSA kI hai / 12. sUtra 5-7 meM AtmAko vyApaka ata eva niSkriya mAnanevAle vaizeSikake 'AtmAke saMyoga aura prayatna guNa se hAtha meM kriyA hotI haiM isa matakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / 13. sUtra 5-19 ke antargata zabdako mUrtika siddha karake vaizeSika darzana, bauddha darzana aura sAMkhya darzanameM mAne gaye manake svarUpakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / vaizeSika manako eka svataMtra dravya tathA aNurUpa mAnatA hai / bauddha darzana meM anantara atIta vijJAnako mana kahA hai aura sAMkhya darzanameM mana pradhAnakA vikAra hai / kintu jaina darzanameM manako svataMtra dravya nahIM mAnA hai aura na nitya aNurUpa hI mAnA hai / sarvArthasiddhimeM kevala vaizeSikoMke dvArA mAne gaye manake svarUpakI samIkSA hai / 14. sUtra 5-22 ke antargata pariNAmAbhAvavAdiyoMke matakA nirAkaraNa karake yoga sUtra ke vyAsa bhASya ( 3 / 13 ) meM jo pariNAmakA lakSaNa kahA hai, usakI vistArase samIkSA kI hai / tathA kriyA mAtra hI kAla hai, kriyA se bhinna koI kAla nAmaka padArtha nahIM hai, aisA mAnanevAle vAdiyoMkA vistAra se khaNDana karake kAla dravyakI sattA siddha kI hai / 15. sUtra 5-24 ke antargata sphoTavAdakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / sphoTavAdI mAnate haiM ki dhvaniyA~ to kSaNika haiM, kramase utpanna hotI haiM, apane svarUpakA pratipAdana karanemeM hI unakI zakti kSINa ho jAtI hai / ataH unase ghaTapaTa Adi padArthoMkA bodha nahIM ho sakatA / ataH eka sphoTanAmakA tattva hai jo dhvanike dvArA vyakta hokara padArthoMkA jJAna karAtA hai / usIkA khaNDana akalaMkadevane kiyA hai / 16. sUtra 8 - 1 meM akalaMkadevane kaukvala, kANTheviddhi, kauzika, hari, zmazrumAn, kapila, romaza, hAritAzva, muNDa, AzvalAyana Adiko kriyAvAdI batalAyA hai, marIcikumAra, ulUka, kapila, gArgya, vyAghrabhUti, vAdvali, mAThara, maudgalAyana vagairahako akriyAvAdI darzana batalAyA hai / sAkalya, vASkala, kuthumi, sAtyamuni, cArAyaNa, kaTha, mAdhyandina, mauda, paippalAda, bAdarAyaNa, sviSThikRd, etikAyana, vasu aura jaimini vagairahake matako ajJAnavAda kahA hai| tathA vaziSTha, pArAzara, jatukarNa, vAlmIki, romaharSiNi, satyadatta, vyAsa, elAputra, aupamanyava, indradatta, ayaH sthUla Adike mArgoko vainayikavAdI kahA hai / isaparase yaha zaMkAkI gaI hai ki vAdarAyaNa, basu aura jaimini vagairaha to vedavihita kriyAke anu

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308 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa SThAyI haiM unheM ajJAnI kyoM kahA gayA hai / isake uttarameM 'vedavihita hiMsA-hiMsA nahIM hai / isa uktikA khaNDana manusmRti (5 / 39), maitrANyupaniSad (6 // 36) tathA RksaMhitA (10190) se pUrvapakSameM pramANa upasthita karake kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha akalaMkadevane apane tattvArthavAtikameM ukta dArzanika samIkSAeM kI hai| kucha Agamika carcAeM bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM jo isa prakAra hai| 1. sUtra 1-7 ke antargata jIva ajIva Adi sAtoM tattvoMkA vivecana nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAnapUrvaka kiyA hai / 2. sUtra 1-20 ke antargata dvAdazAMgakA viSayaparicaya diyA hai| yaha viSaya paricaya nandIsUtra aura samavAyAMgameM diye gaye viSaya paricayase prAyaH bhinna hai| ataH isakA AdhAra koI anya grantha honA cAhie jo vartamAnameM upalabdha nahIM hai| 3. sUtra 1-21, 22 meM avadhijJAnake dravya, kSetrAdikA varNana bahuta vistArase kiyA hai| 4. sUtra 1-23 meM manaH paryayajJAnakA Azaya spaSTa karate hue mahAbandhake vAkya 'Agame hayukta' karake diye gaye haiN| 5. sUtra 1-33 meM nayoMkA, unameM bhI RjusUtranayakA vivecana apUrva hai / 6. sUtra 2-7 meM sAnnipAtika bhAvoMkA varNana hai / usameM prathama yaha zaMkA kI hai ki AgamameM sAnnipAtika nAmaka bhAva bhI kahA hai use bhI yahA~ kahanA caahie| usake uttarameM prathama to yaha kahA gayA hai ki sAnnipAtika nAmakA koI chaThA bhAva nahIM hai| phira kahA gayA hai ki yadi vaha hai bhI to mizra zabdase usakA grahaNa ho jAtA hai / zvetAmbara AgamameM sAnnipAtika nAmakA bhAva bhI batalAyA hai / kintu digambara paramparAke anya kisI granthameM isakA ullekha nahIM miltaa| kintu akalaMkadevane isa sambandha eka gAthA bhI uddhRta kI hai jisameM sAnipAtika bhAvoMke bheda batalAye haiN| ataH akalaMkake pUrvavartI kisI granthameM unakA kathana avazya honA caahie| 7. sUtra 2-94 meM zarIroMkA kathana bahuta vistArase kiyA hai| usameM SaTbaNDAgamake prathama khaNDa jIvasthAnakA ullekha karate hue yaha zaMkA uThAI hai ki jIvasthAnameM vaikriyikakAya yoga aura vaikriyika mizrakAya yoga deva-nArakiyoMke batalAyA hai kintu yahA~ Apane tiryaJcoM aura manuSyoMke bhI batalAyA hai / yaha bAta to bAgamaviruddha hai| isakA uttara dete hue akalaMkadevane vyAkhyAprajJapti daNDakakA pramANa apane kathanake samarthanameM diyA hai| aura phira ina donoM kathanoMkA samanvaya bhI kiyA hai / sUtra 4-26 meM bhI eka zaMkA samAdhAna isI prakArakA hai / vahA~ bhI 'vArSameM antara vidhAnameM aisA kahA hai' likhakara usakA nirdeza zaGkA

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 309 kArane kiyA hai aura akalaMkadevane usake uttarameM kahA hai ki vyAkhyA prajJapti daNDakameM aisA kahA hai-vijayAdike deva manuSyabhava prApta karake kitanI bAra vijayAdimeM jAte Ate haiM aisA gautamake pUchanepara bhagavAnane kahA bAgamanakI apekSA kamase kama eka bhava aura utkRSTase gamanAgamanakI apekSA do bhava dhAraNa karate haiN|' pAMcaveM aMga granthakA nAma vyAkhyAprajJapti hai| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM vaha vartamAna hai aura bhagavatI sUtrake nAmase prasiddha hai| usameM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unake pradhAna ziSya gautama gaNadharake madhyameM hue praznottaroMkA saMgraha hai| aura ukta donoM ullekha rUpAntarase usameM pAye bhI jAte haiM / hama nahIM kaha sakate ki akalaMkadevane vyAkhyAprajJapti nAmase usIkA ullekha kiyA hai athavA isa nAmakA koI anya aMgagrantha unake sAmane upasthita thA / 8. tattvArtha sUtrakA tIsarA cauthA adhyAya loka racanAse sambaddha hai| sarvArtha siddhimeM sUtrokta bAtoMkA varNana parimita zabdoMmeM kiyA gayA hai| kintu tattvArtha' vArtikameM vistArase varNana hai aura vaha lokAnuyoga viSayaka upalabdha sAhityameM pAye jAne vAle varNanase viziSTa bhI haiM / usake tulanAtmaka adhyayanase jJAta hotA hai ki akalaMka devake sAmane lokAnuyoga viSayaka jo sAhitya thA, vaha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| usake aneka kathana tiloyapaNNatise mela nahIM khAte, kintu tiloyapaNNatimeM jo loka vinizciya Adi granthoMke matAntara diye haiM, unase mela khAte haiN| __tathA, akalaMka devane jo do eka gAthAoMkA saMskRta rUpAntara isa prasaMgameM diyA hai usakA mUla bhI upalabdha sAhityameM nahIM miltaa| astu, tIsare adhyAyake sUtra do, cha, 10, 11, 22, 32, 35, 36 aura 38 kI tathA cauthe adhyAyake sUtra 12, 13, 19, 22 kI vyAkhyAeM dRSTavya haiN| tIsare adhyAyake 10ve sUtrakI vyAkhyAke antargata manuSyalokakA varNana vistArase diyA hai| tathA cauthe adhyAyake 12veM sUtrakI vyAkhyAke antargata svargalokakA varNana vistArase diyA hai| 9. adhyAya 6, 7, 8 meM yatra tatra sUtroMkI vyAkhyAoMmeM aneka Agamika upayogI carcAeM cacita haiN| 10. adhyAya nau ke sUtra 6 ke antargata, ATha zuddhiyoMkA, sUtra 1 meM caudaha guNasthAnoMke svarUpakA, sUtra 7 meM dharmAnuprekSAkA varNana karate hue mArgaNAsthAnoMmeM jIvasthAnoM aura guNasthAnoMkA, sUtra 9 meM vAIsa parISahoMkA, sUtra 36 meM vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAnakA, acchA varNana hai|

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310 : jainasAhityakA itihAsaM isa taraha tattvArthavArtika dArzanika tathA Agamika donoM hI dRSTiyoMse apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai / tattvArtha bhASya aura tattvArthavArtika yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki akalaMka devane sarvArtha siddhiko AdhAra banAkara tatvArthavArtikakI racanA kI hai / kintu tattvArtha bhASya unake sAmane thA yA nahIM, aura unhoMne usakA bhI upayoga kiyA hai yA nahIM, isa viSaya meM vivAda hai / ataH yahA~ usIpara prakAza DAlA jAtA hai / yaha to spaSTa hai ki akalaMka devake sAmane tattvArtha sUtrakA eka dUsarA sUtrapATha bhI thA aura vaha prAyaH vahI honA cAhiye, jisapara bhASya racA gayA hai / yaha bAta nIceke vivaraNase spaSTa hai / 1. di0 sUtrapATha meM 'bhavapratyayo'vadhirdevanArakANAm ' // 1-21 // pATha hai aura bhA0 sUtrapATha meM 'bhavapratyayo nArakadevAnAm ' // 1-22 // pATha hai / ukta sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM akalaMka devane yaha prazna uThAyA hai ki 'nAraka' zabdakA pUrvanipAta honA cAhiye / yaha prazna dUsare sUtra pAThako lakSya meM rakhakara hI uThAyA gayA hai aisA lagatA hai / 2. di0 sUtrapATha meM 'jIvabha vyAbhavyatvAni ca // 2- 7 // ' pATha hai aura dUsare meM 'jIvabhavyabhavyAtvAdIni ca' pATha hai / ukta sUtrakI vyAkhyA meM akalaMkadevane yaha zaMkA uThAI hai ki isameM 'Adi' grahaNa karanA cAhiye / 3. di0 sUtrapATha meM 'jarAyujANDajapotAnAM garbhaH / / 2-33 / / ' aisA pATha hai | dUsare meM pota sthAnameM 'potajAnA' pATha hai / ukta sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM likhA hai 'kecit potajA iti paThanti' arthAt koI-koI 'potaja' aisA par3hate haiM / 4. di0 sUtrapATha meM 'ratnazarkarA 'saptA'dho'dhaH pRthutarAH' pATha hai| koI yahA~ 'pRthatarA:' aisA par3hate haiM, saptAdho'dhaH // 3- 1 || ' pATha hai / dUsaremeM akalaMkadevane 'kecidatra pRthutarA iti paThanti ' aisA likhakara usakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / 5. di0 sUtrapATha hai 'zeSAH 'pravIcArAH // 4-8 // ' dUsare sUtrapATha meM 'pravIcArA dvayordvayoH' pATha hai / tatvArthavArtika meM 'dvayordvayoH' kahanA cAhiye aisA subhAva dekara use ArSaviruddha batalAyA hai / 6. di0 sUtrapATha meM 'dravyANi // 5- 2||' jIvAzca // 5 - 3 ||' ye do sUtra haiM aura dUsare sUtrapATha donoM ko milakara eka sUtra hai| sUtra 5 - 3 kI vyAkhyAmeM taH vA0 meM donoM sUtroMko milAkara eka kara denA cAhie, aisI zaMkA kI gaI hai / 1. isa vivAda ke liye dekhiye - anekAnta, varSa 3, pR0 304, 307, 623 aura 729 Adi /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 311 7. di0 sUtrapAThameM 'bandhe'dhiko pAriNAmiko // 5-36 // pATha hai| aura bhASyameM 'bandha samAdhiko pariNAmiko // 5-36 // pATha hai| ta0 vA0 meM sUtra 5-35 kI vyAkhyAmeM 'bandhe samAdhiko pAriNAmiko ityapare sUtraM paThanti' likhakara spaSTa rUpase bhASyamAnya sUtra pAThakA nirdeza kiyA hai aura use ArSaviruddha batalAyA hai| 8. di0 sUtrapAThameM 'alpArambhaparigrahatvaM mAnuSasya // 6-17 // aura 'svabhAva- . mArdavaM ca // 6-18 // ' ye do sUtra hai 6-18 meM donoM satroMko milAkara 'alpArambhaparigrahatvaM svabhAvamArdavaM mAnuSasya' isaprakAra eka sUtra karane kI bAta uThAI hai / dUsare sUtrapAThameM donoMko milAkara eka hI sUtra hai / kintu-svabhAvamArdavAvaM mAnuSasya' aisA pATha hai| ataH yaha nizcita rUpameM nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki yaha pAThAntara dUsare sUtrapAThase hI sambaddha hai athavA kisI tIsare sUtrapAThase sambaddha hai / 9. prathama sUtrapAThameM 'AjJApAya"dharmyam // 9-36 // aisA sUtra hai / dUsare sUtrapAThameM 'dharmamapramattasaMyatasya' aisA pATha hai / tathA isase Age 'upazAntakSINakaSAyayozca' // 9-28 // atirikta sUtra hai jo di0 sUtrapAThameM nahIM hai| ta0 vA0 meM sUtra 9-36 kI vyAkhyAmeM 'dharmyamapramattasaMyatasya' aura 'upazAntakSINakayASayayozca' ina donoMkA ullekha karake unakA nirasana kiyA hai| ukta uddharaNoMse yaha nirvivAda hai ki akalaMkadevake sAmane dUsarA sUtrapATha bhI thaa| saMbhava hai koI tIsarA sUtrapATha bhI ho| kintu jisa para bhASyakI racanA huI hai vaha sUtrapATha to unake sAmane avazya thaa| aba prazna raha jAtA hai tattvArtha bhASyakA / ataH usake sambandhameM kucha tathya upasthita kiye jAte haiM / 1. ta0 vA0 meM sUtra 1-1 ke antargata do vArtika isa prakAra haiM-'eSAM pUrvasya lAbhe bhajanIyamuttaram // 69 // uttaralAbhe tu niyataH pUrvalAbhaH // 70 // ' sUtra 1-1 ke bhASyameM bhI ye donoM vAkya isI prakAra haiN| prathama vAkyameM thor3A antara hai-eSAM ca pUrvalAbhe bhajanIyamuttaram / ' 2. ta0 vA0 meM sUtra 1-30 meM eka vArtika hai-'nAbhAvo'bhibhUtatvAdahani nakSatravat // 8 // isameM zaMkA kI gaI hai ki kevalIke kSAyopazamika jJAnoMkA abhAva nahIM hotaa| balki jaise dinameM sUryake tejase nakSatra abhibhUta ho jAte haiM vaise hI kevalajJAnake tejase kSAyopazamika jJAna bhI abhibhUta ho jAte haiM / 'tattvArtha bhASya sU0 1 / 31 meM bhI kinhIM AcAryoM kA ukta mata diyA hai| likhA hai'kecidAcAryA vyAcakSate nAbhAvaH kintu tadabhibhUtatvAdakiJcitkarANi bhavantIndriyavat / ' Age sUryake tejase anya prakAzoMke abhibhUta honekA dRSTAnta diyA hai|

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312 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa 3. tattvArtha bhASya 2-7 meM sUtrameM Agata 'Adi' zabdakI sArthakatA batalAte hue likhA hai - 'astitvamanyatvaM kartRtvaM bhoktRtvaM guNavatvasarvagatvamanAdikarmasantAna tvaM pradezatvamarUpatvaM nityatvamityevamAdayo'pyanAdipAriNAmikAH ityAdi grahaNena sUcitAH / arthAt astitva Adi bhI pAriNAmika bhAva hai unakA sUcana Adi padase kiyA hai / di0 sUtrapATha 2-7 meM Adike sthAna meM 'ca' zabda hai / ataH tattvArtha vArtikameM 'ca' zabda kisaliye hai isake uttarameM likhA hai- 'astitvAnyatvakartRtva - bhoktRtva- paryAyavattvAsarvagatatvAnAdisanta tibandhanabaddhatva pradezavatvArUpatvanityatvAdi samuccayArthazcazabdaH || 12 || bhASyake vAkyameM pratyeka pada alaga-alaga hai, vArtika meM samasyanta hai tathA guNavatvake sthAnameM paryAyavatva jaise mAmUlI parivartana bhI hai / sarvArthasiddhimeM kevala 'astitva nityatvapradezatvAdayaH' kA hI grahaNa hai / ataH ukta vArtika bhASyake uktavAkyake RNI pratIta hotI hai / isa tarahake anya bhI udAharaNa pAye jAte haiM / 4. ta0 bhA0 2-49 meM zarIroMmeM 'kAraNato viSayataH svAmitaH prayojanataH pramANataH pradezasaMkhyAto'vagAhanataH sthitito'lpabahutvata:' bheda batalAyA hai / tattvArtha vArtika meM bhI usa sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM 'saMjJA - svAlakSaNya-svakAraNa- svAmitvasAmarthya - pramANa-kSetra - sparzana - kAlAntara - saMkhyA- pradeza - bhAvAlpabahutvAdi' ke dvArA zarIroMmeM bheda batalAyA hai / yahA~ bhASyameM batalAye gaye bhedake kAraNoM meM vRddhi kara dI gaI hai / 5 sUtra 3-1 ke bhASya aura vArtikameM 'sapta' pada bhUmiyoMkI saMkhyA nirdhArita karaneke liye diyA hai aisA batalAyA hai / tathA bhASya meM likhA hai'api ca tatrAntarIyA asaMkhyeyeSu lokadhAtuSvasakhyeyAH pRthivIprastArA ityadhyavasitAH / ' vArtikameM bhI likhA hai- 'santi ca kecittantrAntarIyA 'ananteSu lokadhAtuSvanantAH pRthivIprastArA:' ityadhyavasitAH / ' 6. sUtra 3-5 kI vyAkhyAmeM nArakiyoMko asura kumAroMke dvArA diye jAnevAle duHkhoMke prakAroMkA citraNa 'vArtika aura bhASyameM prAyaH akSarazaH samAna hai / 1. 'sutaptAyorasapAyana - niSTaptAyastambhAliGgana - kUTazAlmalyArohaNAvataraNAyoghanAbhighAtavAsikSu ratakSaNa-kSaraNa- taptatailAvasenAyaH kumbhIpAkAmbarISabharjanayaMtra - pIlanaiH zUlazalAkAvyaghana-krakacapATanA'GgAradhAmnivAhana - sUcIzADvalAvakarSaNaiH vyAghrakSadvIpizvazRgAlavRkakoka ... / - ta0 vA0 pR0 165-166 / 'taptAyorasapAyananiSTaptAyastambhAliGgana - kUTazAlmalyagrAropaNAvataraNAyoSa

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 313 sarvArthasiddhimeM kevala prArambhakA hI aMza pAyA jAtA hai jaba ki tattvArtha bhASya aura tattvArthavAtikameM pUrNavarNana prAyaH akSarazaH samAna hai| 7. sUtra 3-18 meM tattvArtha bhASyameM tiryaJcoMke bheda-prebhedoMkI Ayu batalAI hai / isI sUtrameM jisakI krama saMkhyA vahA~ 3-39 hai, tattvArtha vArtikameM bhI tiryaJcoMke bheda-prabhedoMkI Ayu kiJcit parivartanake sAtha batalAI hai / 8. sUtra 5-25 meM tattvArtha bhASyameM 'uktaM ca' karake nIce likhI kArikA uddhRta kI hai| kAraNameva tadantyaM sUkSmo nityazca bhavati paramANaH / ekarasagandhavarNoM dvisparzaH kAryaliGgazca // akalaMka devane tattvArtha vArtikameM usI sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM isI kArikAke pratyeka padako lekara usakI AlocanA kI hai| aura ekAnta vAdakA nirasana karake anekAntakI vyavasthA kI hai| 9. tattvArtha bhASyameM eka sUtra hai 'anAdirAdimAMzca // 5-42 // ' aura isase Age hai 'rUpiSvAdimAn // 5-43 // yogopayogI jIveSu // 5-44 // ' tathA ina sUtroMke bhASyameM batalAyA hai ki arUpI dharma-adharma AkAza aura jIvameM anAdi pariNAma hotA hai tathA jIva yadyapi arUpI hai phira bhI unameM yoga aura upayoga rUpa pariNAma AdimAna hote haiN| ___ tattvArtha vArtikameM sUtra 5-42 kI vyAkhyAme eka vArtika hai-'sa dvividho' nAdirAdimAMzca // 3 // ' isakI vyAkhyAmeM akalaMka deva ne likhA hai ki 'yahA~ anya aisA kahate haiM ki dharma-adharma, kAla aura AkAzameM anAdi pariNAma hotA hai aura jIva tathA pudgaloMmeM AdimAna pariNAma hotA hai|' ___ yadyapi bhASyake ukta kathanase isameM thor3AsA antara hai / bhASyameM kAlakA nAma nahIM hai tathA jIvoMmeM sAdi aura anAdi donoM pariNAma batalAye haiN| phira bhI 'yahA~ anya aisA kahate haiM' se yaha spasTa hai ki ukta kathana ukta sUtrase hI sambandha rakhatA hai aura yaha kathana tattvArtha bhASyameM pAyA jAtA hai / ukta saba sAdRzya Akasmika to nahIM pratIta hote aura phira jaba akalaMka nAbhidhAnavAsIAratakSaNakSArataptatailAvasecanAyaHkumbhIpAkAnbarISabharjanayantra - pIDanAyaHzulazalAkAbhedanakrakacapATanAGgAradahanavAhanAsUcIzADvalApakarSaNaH tathA siMha vyaaghrdviipishvshRgaalvRkkokmaarjaar"|' -ta. bhA0, 3-5 /

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314 : janasAhityakA itihAsa devase pUrva bhASyakI racanA honA vizeSa saMbhava hai taba to yahI adhika saMbhava pratIta hotA hai ki akalaMka devake sAmane bhASya thaa| __yaha kahA jA sakatA hai jaisA ki sarvArthasiddhike eka ullekhake AdhArapara pIche likhA bhI hai ki tattvArthasUtrakI koI anya TIkA bhI honA saMbhava hai aura aisI sthitimeM akalaMkadevane tathA bhASyakArane ukta samAna bAteM usase lI hogI yaha saMbhava hai| kintu sarvArthasiddhi ke eka ullekha tathA pAThAntarake AdhAra para yadi yaha mAna bhI liyA jAye ki tattvArthasUtrako koI anya TokA sarvArthasiddhise pUrva racI gaI thI aura vaha pUjyapAda ke sAmane maujUda thI, taba bhI ukta saba bAtoMko yA unameMse kucha samAna bAtoMko, jo vArtika aura bhASyameM samAna rUpase pAI jAtI haiM, usa TIkAkA RNI to nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki unameMse koI bhI vAta sarvArthasiddhimeM nahIM miltii| yadi ukta TIkAmeM ve vAteM hotI to sarvArthasiddhimeM unakI kucha to jhalaka pAI jaatii| hA~, tattvArthavAtikameM hI do sthAnoMpara vRtti aura bhASyakA nirdeza avazya milatA hai| sUtra 5|4kii vyAkhyAne akalaMkadevane nauvIM vArtika 'vRttau paJcatva vacanAt'kA vyAkhyAna karate hue likhA hai zaMkA-vRttimeM kahA hai ki dharmAdi dravya avasthita haiM ve kabhI bhI paJcatvako nahIM chodd'te| ataH chai dravya hai' aisA kathana vyAghAtI hai| __ samAdhAna-aisA kathana vyAghAtI nahIM hai, Apa vRttikArake abhiprAyako nahIM mamajhe / vRttikArakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'kAlazca' sUtrake dvArA kAla dravyakA lakSaNa alagase kaheMge / ataH use chor3akara yahA~ pA~ca hI dravyoMkA adhikAra hai| isa liye chai dravyoMke kathanameM koI virodha nahIM hai / ukta sUtrake bhASyameM, jisakI krama saMkhyA vahA~ 5-3 hai, likhA hai'avasthitAni ca na hi kadAcit paJcatvaM bhUtArthatvaM ca vyabhicaranti / ' vAtikameM uddhRta vAkya isase bahuta kucha milatA huA hai / eka to usameM spaSTIkaraNake liye 'avasthitAni' ke dharmAdIni pada vizeSa hai, dUsare 'paJcatvaM' ke AgekA bhUtArthatvaM ca' pada saMbhavatayA yahA~ anAvazyaka samajhakara chor3a diyA gayA hai| anyatra isa 1. 'syAnmatam-vRttAvuktam-'avasthitAni dharmAdIni na hi kadAcitpaJcatvaM vyabhicaranti / tataH Sar3a dravyANItyupadezasya vyAghAta iti, tanna, kiM kAraNam ? abhiprAyAparijJAnAt / ayamabhiprAyo vRttikArasya 'kAlazca' iti pRthak dravyalakSaNaM kAlasya vakSyate / tadanavekSya adhikRtAni paJcaiva dravyANIti ssdddrvyopdeshaavirodhH|' -ta0 vA0, pR0 444 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIka-sAhitya : 315 tarahakA koI vAkya nahIM miltaa| eka hI Apatti isameM ho sakatI hai| akalaMkadevane samAdhAnameM 'kAlazca' sUtrakA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu bhASya mAnya sUtrapAThameM 'kAlazcetyeke' sUtra hai| jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki bhASyamAnya sUtrapAThake kartAko kAla dravya hI mAnya nahIM hai / usane kevala eka AcAryake matakA ullekha mAtra kiyA hai / bhASyake TIkAkAra' siddhasenagaNine bhI isa bAtako svIkAra kiyA hai| ataH akalaMkadevakRta samAdhAna bhASyamAnya sUtrapATha se saMgata nahIM baiThatA / sUtra 5-1 kI vyAkhyAmeM tattvArthavAtikameM ukta zaMkA se milatI huI kintu usase viparIta eka aura zaMkA hai jo isa prakAra hai zaMkA-kAla bhI eka ajIva padArtha hai / isIse bhASyameM bahuta bAra 'chadravya haiM' aisA kahA hai / ataH usako bhI ginanA caahiye| samAdhAna-kAlakA lakSaNa Age kheNge|' yahA~ yaha prazna hai ki yaha bhASya kaunasA hai jisameM bahuta bAra cha dravya batalAye haiN| tattvArtha bhASya meM to bahuta bAra kyA, eka bAra bhI 'SaDdravyANi' likhA nahIM milatA / jaisA hama Upara likha Aye haiM, vIrasena svAmIne tattvArtha vArtika ko bhI 'tattvArtha bhASya' kahA hai| ataH "bhASya' zabdase akalaMkadevane tattvArthavArtikoMkI vyAkhyAkA 'bhASya' zabda se ullekha kiyA ho aisI AzaGkAkI jA sakatI hai| kintu prathama to akalaMkadevane apane vArtikoMke vyAkhyAnako bhASya zabda se kahIM bhI nahIM kahA, dUsare dravyoMkA kathana tattvArthasUtrake pAMcaveM adhyAyameM hai| aura usake pahale sUtra kI vyAkhyAne hI yaha likhanA ki 'bhASyameM bahutabAra cha 'dravya kahe haiM' asaMgata hai| phira kAladravyakI gaNanA karanekI bAta tattvArtha sUtra ke pAMcaveM adhyAyake prathamasUtrako lakSya karake kahI gaI hai kyoMki usameM kAla dravyako nahIM ginAyA hai| ataH kAla dravyake pakSa meM pramANarUpase usapara race jAte hue vArtika granthako hI bhASyake nAmase upasthita kiyA jAnA kisI bhI taraha saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH vaha bhASya kauna sA hai jisameM bahubAra 'SaDdravyANi' pada AyA hai, yaha anveSaNIya hai| 1. 'kAlazcakIyamatena dravyamiti vakSyate / vAcakamukhyasya paJcaveti'-si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 321 / 2. 'syAdetat kAlo'pi kazcidajIvapadArtho'sti / atazcAsti yabhASye baha kRtvaH 'SaDdravyANi' ityuktam / ato'syopasaMkhyAnaM kartavyamiti / tanna; kiM kAraNam ? vakSyamANa lakSaNatvAt / vakSyate hi tasya lakSaNamupariSTAt / '

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316 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa akalakadeva kA samaya akalaMkadevake samayake sambandhameM 'etaddezIya tathA videzI aneka vidvAnoMne vicAra kiyA hai / nyAya kumudacandrake prathama bhAgakI prastAvanAmeM hamane akalaMkadeva kA samaya I0 627 se 680 taka nizcita kiyA thaa| ora sva0 paM0 mahendra kumArajI nyAyAcAryane siddhivinizcayakI apanI prastAvanAmeM I0 720 se 780 takakA samaya nizcita kiyA hai| isa tarahase ina donoM samayoMke madhyameM eka zatAbdIkA antara hai| jina anya vidvAnoMne akalaMkake samaya para vicAra kiyA hai ve saba prAyaH inhIM donoMmeM se kisI eka matake samarthaka haiM / ataH inhIM donoM matoMko AdhAra banAkara vicAra karanA ucita hogaa| akalaMkadevakA upalabdha prAcInatama ullekha dhanaJjaya kavike nAmamAlA kozameM hai pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dhanaJjayakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayamapazcimam // 'akalaGkakA pramANa, pUjyapAdakA vyAkaraNa aura dhanaMjayakavikA kAvya, ye tInoM apazcima ratna haiN|' 1. sva0DA0ke0vI0pAThaka-(bhartRhari aura kumArila'-ja0va0rA0e0so0 bhAga 18) / DaoN. satIzacanda vidyAbhUSaNa-(hi0I0lA0,pR0 186) / DaoN. e0esa0 AlaTekara (dI rASTra kUTAjU eNDa deara TAimsa, pR0 409) / paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI (ja.hi0, bhA0 11,a0 1-8) / DaoN0 vI0e0 sAletora (miDi0 jani pR0, 35) / Ara narasiMhAcArya (insa0eTa zravaNagolAke dvi0 saM0kI bhUmikA) / esa0 zrI kaNTha zAsvI (e0bhA0ori0I0 bhAga12meM 'dI eja Afa shNkr')| paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra (jaisA0i0vi0pra0 pR0 541) / DA0 e0ena0 upAdhye-(DaoN0 pAThakAja vyu oNna anantavIryAja DeTa-e. bhA0 ri0 i0, bhAga 13, pR0 161) / paM0 kailAzacanda zAstrI (nyA0 ku0ca0, prathama bhAgakI prastA0, pR0 104) / DaoN. jyoti prasAda(jaina saMdeza zoghAMka) piM0 mahendrakumArajI nyAcArya-si0 vi0kI prastA0 44 Adi / aura| DaoN0 Ara0 jI0 bhaNDArakara ( zAntarakSitAsUripharesas Tu kumArilAja aTarsa ona samantabhadra eNDa akalaMka )-e0 bhAM, o0 ri0 iM0 bhAga 11, pR0 155 / piTarsana-dvitIya riporTa sarca Apha dI mainya, pR0 79 / luisa rAisaja0 rA0 e0 so0, bhAga 15, pR0 299 / DaoN. viMTaraniTsa-'hi0 I0 li0 bhAga 2, pR0 588 / DaoN0 e0 bI0 koSa (hi0 saM0 li., pR0 497 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 317 akalaMkadevakI jaina nyAyako sabase bar3I dena hai unake dvArA kI gaI pramANa vyavasthA / digambara' aura zretAmbara sampradAyake AcAryoMne apanI-apanI pramANa mImAMsAviSayaka kRtiyoMmeM kucha bhI pheraphAra kiye binA eka hI jaisI rItise akalaGkadevakI kI huI yojanA aura jJAnake vargIkaraNako svIkAra kiyA hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki dhanaMjaya kavine prasiddha jaina dArzanika akalaMkakA hI ukta zlokA smaraNa kiyA hai| dhanaMjaya kavike pazcAt unakA ullekha vIrasena svAmIne apanI dhavalA jaya dhavalAmeM aura unake ziSya jinasenane apane mahApurANake prArambhameM kiyA hai| vIrasena svAmIne akalaMkadevakA nAmollekha kiye binA 'tattvArtha bhASya' ke nAmase unake tattvArtha vAtikakA tathA siddhi vinizcayakA ullekha karake unase uddharaNa diye haiN| kintu jinasenane 'bhaTTAkalaMka zrIpAla pAtrakesariNAM guNAH' likhakara unakA nAmollekha kiyA hai| tathA vIrasenane 3 dhavalAmeM 'iti' zabdake artha batalAneke lie eka zloka uddhata kiyA hai jo dhanaMjaya kavikI anekArtha nAma mAlAkA 39 vAM zloka hai / ataH dhanaJjaya vIrasenase pahale hue haiM aura dhanaJjaya se pahale akalaMka hue haiM yaha nizcita hai| paM0 mahendra kumArajI isase sahamata haiM / kintu vaha akalaMka; dhanaJjaya aura vIrasenako samakAlIna batalAte haiN| yahI bAta vivAda grasta hai| AcArya siddhasena gaNi zvetAmbara paramparAmeM siddhasenagaNi nAmake eka samartha AcArya ho gaye haiN| unhoMne tattvArthabhASya para eka bRhatkAya vRtti grantha racA hai| unakI isa vattise kucha uddharaNa kaI TIkA granthoMmeM 'gandhahastI' ke nAmase udhdRta pAye jAte haiM / vikramakI pAMcavIM zatAbdImeM siddhasena divAkara nAmase eka prakhyAta jainAcArya ho gaye haiN| zvetAmbara paramparAmeM inheM gandhahastI tathA tattvArthakA vRttikAra mAnA jAtA thaa| isakA kAraNa yaha thA ki satarahavIM zatAbdIke prasiddha vidvAna upAdhyAya yazovijayajIne apane 'mahAvIrastava meM gandhahastIke nAmase siddhasena divAkarake 'sanmati' kI eka gAthA udhdRta kI hai| kintu paM0 sukha 1. dekho, paM0 sukhalAlajIkA 'jainoMkI pramANa mImAMsA paddhatikA vikAsakrama' zIrSaka lekha-anekAnta, varSa 1, ki0 5, pR0 263 / 2. ka. pA0, bhA0 1, pR0 217 / SaT khaM0, pu0 1, pR0 103 tathA, pu0 13, pR0 256 / 3. SaTvaM0, pu0 13, pR. 237 /

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318 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa lAla jI ne isa ullekhako bhrAntijanya batalAyA hai aura apane isa kathana ke samarthanameM unhoMne jo prabala aura akATya pramANa upasthita kiyA hai vaha yaha hai ki upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI se pahale ke aneka granthoMmeM jo gandhahastIke nAmase avataraNa milate haiM ve sabhI avataraNa jarA bhI parivartana binA aura kahIM bahuta thor3e parivartana ke sAtha tathA kahIM bhAvasAmyake sAtha siddhasenagaNikI tattvArthabhASya para racita vRtti meM milate haiN| isase yaha nirvivAda rUpase siddha hotA hai ki upalabdha tattvArtha vRttike racayitA gaNI siddhasena hI gandhahastI haiM / sanmati TIkAkAra dazavIM zatAbdI ke abhayadevane apanI TIkAmeM do sthAnoM para gandhahastikRta tattvArthavyAkhyA dekhalene kI sUcanA kI hai / ukta pramANake prakAzameM yahU gandhahastikRta tattvArthavyAkhyA siddhasena gaNikRta tattvArthavyAkhyA hI honI cAhiye / ukta kathana ke samarthana meM eka likhita pramANa bhI upalabdha hai / tattvArthapara eka TIkA haribhadrakI bho hai jo adhUrI hai / adhUrI vRttike pUraka yazobhadrasU rike ziSyane isa TIkAke anta meM siddhasenakI ukta TIkAkA ullekha karate hue siddhasenako gandhahasti vizeSaNase abhihita kiyA hai / ataH yaha nirvivAda hai ki upalabdha tattvArthabhASyavRttike racayitA siddhasena hI gandhahastI haiM / 1. ta0 sU0 kI prastA0, pR0 36 / 2. 'Aha ca gandhahastI - nidrAdayaH samadhigatAyA eva darzanalabdherupaghAte vartante darzanAvaraNacatuSTayantUdgamoccheditvAt samUlaghAtaM hanti darzanalabdhimiti / ' - prava0 sAro0 vRtti, pR0 358 / sitarI TI0 malayagiri, gA0 5 / 'nidrAdayo yataH samadhigatAyA eva darzanalabdheH upayogaghAte pravartante cakSudarzanAvaraNAdi catuSTayaM tadgamoccheditvAt mUlaghAtaM nihanti darzana labdhim / ' -ta0 bhA0 TI0, bhAga 2, pR0 135 / 'yadAha gandhahastI - bhavasthakevalino dvividhasya sayogAyogabhedasya siddhasya vA darzanamohanIsaptakakSayAvirbhUtA samyagdRSTi sAdiraparyavasAnA iti / ' - navapadavRtti pR0 88 / 'yA tu bhavasthakevalino dvividhasya sayogAyogabhedasya siddhasya vA darzanamohanIyasaptakakSayAdapAyasaddravyakSayAccodapAdi sA sAdiraparyavasAnA iti / ' - ta0 bhA0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 59 / 3. sanmati TI0, pR0 595 tathA pR0 651 / 4. 'etaduktaM bhavati haribhadrAcAryeNArddhaSaNNAmadhyAyAnAmAdyAnAM TIkA kRtA, bhagavatAM tu gandhahastinA siddhasenena nanyA kRtA tattvArtha TIkA !' - ta0 sU0 hari0 TI0, pR0 521 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 319 navamI dasamI zatAbdIke granthakAra zIlAGkane' apanI AcArAMga sUtrakI TIkAmeM eka gandhahastIkRta vivaraNakA ullekha kiyA hai / ukta pramANoMke prakAza meM yaha vivaraNa bhI tattvArthabhASyavRttike racayitA siddhasenakA hI honA cAhiye / isa taraha ina siddhasenakI do racanAoMkA patA calatA hai jinameMse eka tattvArtha bhASyavRtti upalabdha hai aura mudrita ho cukI hai, dUsarI racanA, jo AcArAGga sUtrakI TIkA jJAta hotI hai, abhI taka anupalabdha hai / tattvArtha bhASyavRtti - siddhasena gaNikI yaha vRtti tattvArthasUtra ke bhASyako zabdaza: sparza karatI hai aura usakA vivecana karatI hai / isake adhyAyoMke antakI puSpikAoM meM prAya. 'bhASyAnusAriNI' likhA milatA hai / isa vRttike avalokanase prakaTa hotA hai ki siddhasena gaNi vizeSAvazyaka bhASyake racayitA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNakI hI taraha Agamika paramparAke prabala pakSapAtI the / yadyapi unhoMne apanI yaha vRtti tattvArthabhASyakA vivecana karaneke uddezyase hI likhI jAna par3atI hai aura usameM dArzanika aura tArkika carcAeM bhI hai, tathApi bhASya kA vivecana karate samaya bhASyakA Azraya lekara vaha sarvatra Agamika vastukA hI pratipAdana karate haiM aura jahA~ bhASya Agamase viruddha jAtA dikhAI detA hai vahA~ bhI usakI kar3I AlocanA karate hue vaha Agamika paramparAkA hI samarthana karate haiM aura usIkA prabalarUpase sthApana karate haiM / kintu bhASyake Agamaviruddha ullekhoMkI kar3I AlocanA karate hue bhI bhASyakAra ke prati apanI zraddhA meM vaha raMcamAtra bho kAlimA nahIM lAte aura una saba Agama viruddha ullekhoMko kisI dhUrtake dvArA kI huI milAvaTa kahakara Age bar3ha jAte haiM / Agama aura AgamikoM ke prati yaha unakI gaharI zraddhAko vyakta karatA hai / aneka sthaloMpara siddhasenane bhASyake tathokta Agama viruddha ullekhoMko apanI ajJAnatA batalAkara TAla diyA hai, aneka sthaloMpara AgamakI rakSA karaneke 1. 'zAstraparijJA vivaraNamatibahugahanaM ca gandhahasti kRtam' - AcA0 TI0, pR0 1 / 2 ' etaccAntaradvIpakabhASyaM prAyo vinAzitaM sarvatra kairapi durvidagdhairyena SaNNavati " rantaraM dvIpakA bhASyeSu dRzyante / anArSa caitadadhyavasIyate jIvAbhigamAdiSu SadpaJcAzadantaradvIpakAdhyayanAt / nApi _bAcakamukhyAH sUtrolaMlghanenAbhidaghatyasambhAvyamAnatvAt / - si0 ga0 TI0 bhA0 1, pR0 267 | nedaM pAramarSa. pravacanAnusAribhASyaM, kiM tarhi ? pramattagItametat / vAcako hi pUrvavit kathamevaMvidhamArpavisaMvAdi nibadhnIyAt / sUtrAnavabodhAt upajAtabhrAntikA kenA'pi racitametad vacanakam / - bhA0 2 0 206 //

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320 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa uddezyase bhASyake arthakA viparyAsa bhI kiyA hai| isake do udAharaNa nIce diye jAte haiM 1. tattvArtha bhASya (931) meM likhA hai-'matijJAnAdiSu cartuSu paryAyeNopayogo bhavati, na yugapat / sambhinnazAnadarzanasya tu bhagavataH kevalino yugapat sarvabhAvagrAhake nirapekSe kevalajAne kevaladarzane cAnusamayamupayogo bhavati / ' arthAt 'matijJAna Adi cAroM jJAnoMmeM to paryAyase (kramase) upayoga hotA hai, eka sAtha nhiiN| kintu sarvadravya paryAyoMko grahaNa karane vAle kevalI bhagavAnake nirapekSa ( indriyAdikI apekSAse rahita ) kevala jJAna aura kevaladarzanameM anu samaya upayoga hotA hai| yahA~ siddhasenajI ne anu'samaya arthameM khIMcA tAnI karake 'vAraMvAra upayoga' hotA hai aisA artha kiyA hai kyoMki zve. bAgamoMmeM kevala jJAna bora kevala darzana kA upayoga bhI kramase mAnA hai| kintu yadi bhASyakArako kevala jJAna aura kevala darzanakA upayoga bhI matijJAnAdikI taraha 'paryAyeNa' iSTa hotA to vaha 'samantato jJAnadarzanasya tu' ityAdi na likhate hai / ataH 'anusamaya' kA artha prati samaya hI honA caahiye| ___ sambhavatayA gaNijI bhI isa bAtako samajhate the| kgoMki unhoMne Age likhA hai-'yadyapi kecit paNDitammanyAH, sUtrANyanyathAkAra arthavyAcakSate tarkavalAnubiDabuddhayo bAraMbAreNopayogo nAsti, tattu na pramANabhAga yataH AmnAye bhUyAMsi sUtrANi vAraMvAreNopayogaM pratipAdayanti / ' ___ arthAt-yadyapi kucha paMDitAbhimAnI tarkake balase sUtroMkA artha anya prakAra se karate haiM aura kahate haiM bAravAra upayoga nahIM hotaa| kintu use hama pramANa nahIM mAnate; kyoMki AgamameM bahutase sUtra vAraMbAra upayogako kahate haiM / ' tarkavalAnuviddhabuddhayaH' se unakA saMketa siddhasena divAkarakI ora ho sakatA hai kyoMki unhoMne apane sanmati takameM kevalIke bAraMvAra upayogakA tarka ke adhArase khaNDana kiyA hai / bhASyakAra bhI yugapadupayogavAdI pratIta hote haiM / 2. sUtra ( 3.13 ) ke bhASyameM likhA hai 1. 'anugataH-avyavahitaH samakaH-catyantAvibhAgAgaH kAlo yatra kAlasantAne sa kAla santAno'jusamayastamanusamayakAlasantAnanupayogeH bhavati'-si0 ga. TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 110-111 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 321 'na kadAcidasmAt parato janmataH saMharaNato vA cAraNavidyAvaddhi prAptA api manuSyA bhUtapUrvA bhavanti bhaviSyanti ca / ' anyatra samudvAtopapAtAmpAmata eva ca mAnuSottara ityucyate / ' arthAt -- isa mAnuSottara parvatase Age janma athavA haraNakI apekSA cAraNa Rddhi aura vidyAdhara Rddhike dhArI bhI manuSya na kabhI pahale hue, na vartamAnameM hote haiM aura na bhaviSya meM hoMge / samudghAta aura upaghAta avasthAko chor3akara / isIse ise mAnuSottara kahate haiN|' isakA artha gaNijIne isa prakAra kiyA hai.' isa mAnuSottara parvatase Age kisI bhI kAlameM manuSya na utpanna hote haiM, na utpanna hoMge, aura na utpanna hue haiM / isIse ise mAnuSottara kahate haiM / tathA saMharaNakI apekSA bhI ( mAnuSottara se Age ) manuSya nahIM haiM / "avazya hI manuSyako mAnuSottara parvatake isa ora hI maranA cAhiye / tathA cAraNa aura vidyAdhara Rddhi prApta bhI manuSya mAnuSottarako lA~ghakara jAnepara udhara nahIM marate aisA niyama karate haiM / mAnuSottarase bAhara unake jAnekA niSedha nahIM karate haiM / tapovizeSake anuSThAnase jaMghAcArI aura vidyAcArI muni caityavandanAke liye nandIzvara Adi dvIpoMko jAte haiM / Avazyaka AdimeM yaha vidhi prasiddha hai / tathA vidyAdhara mahAvidyA sampanna aura vikriyA Adi RddhidhArI saba mAnuSottara se bAhara jAte haiM, kintu marate nahIM hai / mAraNAntika samudghAtase yukta koI ar3hAI dvIpakA vAsI jo mAnuSottara parvata se bAharake dvIpasamudroMmeM utpanna hogA, vaha utpatti pradeza taka jAkara vahA~ maratA hai tathA bAharake dvIpa samudroMkA vAsI koI prANI, jisane manuSyAyukA bandha kiyA hai aura jo marakara ar3hAI dvIpake bhItara vakra gatise uttpanna hogA usake manuSyAyukA udaya vakra kAlameM hotA hai / isa taraha samudghAta aura upapAtako chor3akara anya prakArase mAnuSottara parvatake bAhara manuSyokA janma aura maraNa nahIM hotA / ' isa taraha gaNijIne AgamakI rakSA karaneke liye bhASya meM anukta vAtako bhASya matthe mar3ha diyA hai / bhASyameM maraNakI to koI bAta hI nahIM hai / usakA to spaSTa kathana hai mAnuSottarase bAhara koI bhI manuSya nahIM jA sakatA cAhe vaha RddhidhArI hI kyoM na ho / samudghAta aura upapAdakI apekSA hI mAnuSottarase bAhara manuSya pAyA jA sakatA hai|' isIse gaNijIne Age likhA hai - 'jo isa bhASyako cAraNa aura vidyAdhara Rddhi prAptoMke mAnuSottarase bAhara jAnekA niSedhaka batalAte haiM unakA kathana AgamavirodhI hai|' isa taraha gaNijIne AgamakI rakSAke uddezyase bhASyakA artha viparIta bhI kiyA hai / 1 'ye tvetad bhASyaM gamanapratiSedhadvAreNa cAraNavidyAdharaddhiprAptAnAmacakSate teSAmAgamavirodhaH ' - bhA0 1, 0 263 / 21

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322 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa ukta do udAharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki zrI siddhasenane jahA~ bhASyake kathanako zve0 AgamoMke pratikUla dekhA, vahA~ usakA vyAkhyAna bhASyakArake Azayake anurUpa na karake Agamake anukUla kiyA hai| aura jahA~ aisA karanA saMbhava na ho sakA vahA~ usa kathanako kisIke dvArA prakSipta karAra diyA hai aura kahIM-kahIM apanI anabhijJatA batalAkara TAla diyA hai| jaise-- bhASya meM dUsare saMhananakA nAma ardhavajra rSabhanArAca hai, aura karmaprakRti Adi granthoMmeM usakA nAma 'vajranArAca' hai, donoMke svarUpameM bhI isIse antara par3a gayA hai | isake sambandha meM 'gaNijIne likhA hai - ' isameM kyA tattva hai yaha sampUrNa anuyogaghara hI jAnate haiM / ' zailI- - ukta bAtoMse isa vRttiko racanA zailIkA bhI AbhAsa mila jAtA hai / siddhasenane bhASyakA prAyaH pratipada vyAkhyAna kiyA hai aura vyAkhyAna karate hue yathAsthAna Agamika pramANa bhI diye haiM aura vizeSa carcAe~ bhI kI haiM / una carcAoM meM Agamika to haiM hIM, dArzanika bhI haiM aura unakA apanI zailI meM yathAyogya nirvAha bhI kiyA hai / tattvArtha bhASya aura sUtroMke vyAkhyAnameM apane samayakI upalabdha sAmagrIkA unhoMne pUrA upayoga kiyA hai / unakI TIkAse jJAta hotA hai ki jisa sUtrapAThakA unhoMne upayoga kiyA, unake sambandhameM kitane adhika pAThAntara hI nahIM vyAkhyAntara bhI unake sAmane the / aura ve byAkhyAntara prAyaH bhASyase bhI samvaddha the / kintu bhASya aura usake sUtrapAThapara saMbhavatayA gaNijI kI vRtti jaisI sthUlakAya aura prameyabahula TIkA dUsarI nahIM thI, jabaki digambara sUtrapAThapara akalaMkadevakA tattvArthavArtika jaisA uccakoTikA dArzanika TIkA grantha vartamAna thA / saMbhavatayA usI abhAvakI pUrtike liye gaNijIne bhASyapara itanI sthUlakAya aTThAraha hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA likhI hai / astu, siddhasena gaNike sanmukha upasthita TIkA grantha siddhasenane apanI bhASyAnusAriNI TIkAmeM tattvArthasUtra aura usake bhASyakI kisI TIkAkA to koI spaSTa nideza nahIM kiyA, kintu usameM Agata ullekhoMse hI unakA AbhAsa milatA hai, jisakA vivaraNa nIce diyA jAtA hai-- 1. sUtra 1 -1 ke bhASyameM eka vAkya isa prakAra hai - 'eSAM ca pUrvasya lAbhe bhajanIyamuttaraM, uttaralAbhe tu niyataH pUrvalAbha: / ' isakA vyAkhyAna karake gaNijIne 1. ardhavajrarSabhanArAca nAma tu vajrarSabhanArAcanAmadhaM kila sarveSAM vajrasyArdhaM RSabhasyArdhaM nArAcasyArdhamiti bhASyakAramatam / * karmaprakRtigrantheSu vajranArAcanAmaivaM paTTahInaM paThitam / kimatra tattvamiti sampUrNAnuyogadhAriNaH kvacit saMvidrate / ' - bhA0 2, pR0 154 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 323 likhA hai--'kaizcidevaM bhASyametad vyAkhyAyi ( pR0 29 ) / arthAt kinhoMne isa bhASyakA aisA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / usa vyAkhyAnako batalAkara 'apare tu prabhASante' anya aisA kahate haiM / aisA likhakara unakA vyAkhyAna batalAyA hai / ina donoM vyAkhyAnoMmeM antara haiM / ataH unase prakaTa hotA hai ki donoM do bhinna vyAkhyAe~ haiM / 2. sUtra 4 - 27 kI TIkAmeM 'apare varNayanti' likhakara 'dvicaramAH' kA anya artha diyA hai aura phira 'etattvayuktaM vyAkhyAnam' likhakara usa vyAkhyAnako ayukta batalAyA hai / yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki yaha vyAkhyAna unhIM donoMmeM se kisI eka kA hai jinakA Upara nirdeza hai, yA unase bhinna tIsarA hI haiM / 3. 'nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / / 5- 3 ||' sUtrakI TIkA meM isa sUtrake viSaya meM matabheda diye haiM / 'apare dvidhA bhindanti sUtram se batalAyA hai ki kucha isa sUtrako do bhAgoM meM bhAjita karate haiM 'nityAvasthitAni' aura arUpANi / kintu isase yaha spaSTa nahIM hotA ki aisA karanevAle koI vyAkhyAkAra hI haiM / Age 'apare varNayanti' likhakara dUsaroMkA kathana batalAyA hai ki sUtra eka hI hai kintu arUpANiko alaga pada rakhanekA kAraNa yaha hai ki nitya aura avasthitakI taraha pUrvokta sabhI dravya arUpI nahIM haiM / ' Age 'atrApare vyAcakSate' se tIsarA mata diyA hai- unakA kahanA hai ki 'nityAvasthitArUpANi pATha rakhane se bhI kAma cala sakatA hai / ataH tInoM padoMko samasta karake hI sUtra par3hanA cAhiye / ye donoM mata do vyAkhyAkAroMke hI pratIta hote haiM / 4. isI ukta sUtra (5-3) kI anya AcArya bhASyakA anya rUpase batalAyA hai aura usako ayukta bhI TIkAmeM 'apare'nyathA varNayanti bhASyam - vyAkhyAna karate haiM' likhakara unakA Azaya ThaharAyA hai / 5. ' utpAda - vyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat // 5- 29 || isa sUtrakA bhASya isa prakAra hai--'utpAdavyayAmyAM dhrauvyeNa ca yuktaM sato lakSaNam / ' isa bhASyake pATha tathA vyAkhyAna meM antarakA ullekha karate hue zrI siddhasenagaNine apanI TIkAmeM ( bhA0 1, 10382 ) likhA hai - 'anye tu utpAdavyayadhauvyaM yuktamiti gRhRte / ' aura phira apanI orase usapara AkSepa karake Age likhA hai- 'apare samAdhAnamAkSepasyAbhidadhate - dUsare isa AkSepakA samAdhAna karate haiM / isake atirikta bhI 'apare tu' dhrovyaM ca' ityasamastatAmanyathA varNayanti' ke dvArA bhASyake ukta vAkya meM utpAdavyayase zrIvyako alaga rakhane ke sambandhameM

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324 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa eka tIsare matakA ullekha TIkAmeM' kiyA hai, jo pA~ca kArikAoMmeM hai| pA~ca kArikAoMkA TIkAkAra siddhasenane saMkSepase artha dekara likhA hai ki-'inakA vyAkhyAna to nivirodha rUpase Agamake jJAta vidvAna hI kreNge| hama to usake viSayameM anipuNa hai aadi|' isase jJAta hotA hai ki bhASyakA koI vyAkhyAna kArikAoMmeM bhI thaa| athavA usa ghyAkhyAnameM kArikAeM bhI thiiN| kArikAoMko dekhanese yaha bhI byakta hotA hai ki vaha vyAkhyAna uccakoTikA honA cAhiye / isa tarahase siddhasenakI isa TIkAmeM sUtra tathA bhASyake anya vivaraNoMkA bhI ullekha hai / aura ve vivaraNa tIna to avazya pratIta hote haiM / siddhasenajI ne kaI sthAnoMpara matAntarake rUpameM aise sUtroMkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai jo digamvarIya sUtrapAThase sambaddha haiM aura unheM mAnya nahIM kiyA hai| yathA 1. sUtra 2-34 ko TIkAmeM likhA hai-'apare tu etacchabdavyutpattibhItyA 'jarAyvaNDajapotAnAM garbha ityabhidhIyate sUtramAhitanaipuNyAstat sarvathA ta evAvayanti sUriviracitanyAsamanyathAkatu, vayaM tu prakamAnusaraNameva kurmaH / ' - ( bhA0 1, pR0 193 ) arthAt dUsare loga apanI nipuNatA batalAneke liye potaja zabdakI vyutpattise bhayabhIta hokara 'jarAyvaNDajapotAnAM garbhaH' aisA sUtra kahate hai / ve AcAryake dvArA race hue nyAsako anyathA karaneke liye aisA karate 1. 'apare tu dhrauvyaM ca' itya samastatAmanyathA varNayanti 'lakSaNye sataH sAdiH kathaM sanna trilakSaNam / dhrauvyaM tallakSaNatvena dravyArthena triSUditam // 1 // ata eva pRthag vRttau dhrauvyaM ceti pradarzitam / sat trirUpaM trayaM tvetat sambhavena vikalpate // 2 // Adyayo niyamAdantyamanye tu bhajanAdyayoH / svataH paranimittau tu syAtAmapyupacArataH // 3 // asti notpadyate caikamekamutpadyate'sti ca / / nAsti cotpadyate caikaM nAsti notpadyate param // 4 // AkAza paramANU ca pradIpAntyazikhAdi ca / AkAzakusumaM ceti catuSTayamudAhRtam / / 5 / / ' saMkSepataH kArikApaJcakasyAyamarthaH......"tadetat paurvAparyeNAlocya kRta, prAjJarAgamajaireva vyAkhyAsyate nivirodha, vayaM tatrAnipuNAH kiJcideva sthUlakuzalatayA'bhidadhmahe / ' -sa0 ga0 TI0 pR0 382 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 325 haiM / hama to prakRtakA hI anusaraNa karate haiM / 'akalaMkadevane 'potaja' zabda para Apatti karate hue pota zabdakA hI samarthana kiyA hai| kintu digambara sUtra pAThameM 'jarAyujANDajapotAnAM garbhaH' sUtra hai / yahA~ vaha spaSTa kara denA ucita hogA ki sarvArthasiddhimeM 'potaja' zabdakI koI carcA nahIM hai| 2. bhASya mAnya sUtra pAThameM 'dravyANi jIvAzca // 5-2 // ' eka hI sUtra hai aura sarvArthasiddhimAnya mUla pAThameM 'dravyANi aura jIvAzca' isa taraha do sUtra haiM / 'apare sUtradvayametadadhIyate 'dravyANi, jIvAzca' likhakara siddhisenajIne usakA ullekha kiyA hai| isI taraha kucha anya digambara mAnya sUtroMkA bhI nirdeza hai / aura usakA honA vizeSa mahattva nahIM rkhtaa| siddhasenajIne sarvArthasiddhi kA kama kintu tattvArtha vArtikakA upayoga vizeSa rUpase apanI TIkAmeM kiyA hai, Age usIkA vizeSa rUpase digdarzana karAyA jAtA hai / 3. akalaMkadevane ( ta02 vA0 10 119 meM) lakSaNake do bheda kiye haiM AtmabhUta aura anAtmabhUta / siddhasenajIne yahI donoM bheda tatstha aura atatstha nAmase kiye haiN| tathA 'tatstha' lakSaNakA dRSTAnta agnikA auSNyaguNa, akalaMkadevakI taraha hI batalAyA hai| 4. 'matiH smRtiH' ityAdi sUtra ( 1-13 ) kI TIkAmeM siddhasenajIne 'apare' padake dvArA batalAyA hai anya to zatakratu aura zaka zabdoMkI taraha mati smRti Adiko paryAya zabda mAnate haiN| sarvArthasiddhimeM isa sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM indra zaka purandara zabdoMkI taraha mati smRti Adiko paryAya zabda mAnA hai| 5. sUtra 1-19 kI vyAkhyAmeM sarvArtha meM cakSuko 'aprApyakArI siddha karane---------- 1. 'kecit potajA iti paThanti / tadayuktam / kutaH ! arthabhedAbhAvAt / ' -ta0 vA0, pR0 144 / 2. tallakSaNaM dvividhaM AtmabhUmanAtmabhUtaJceti / tatrAtmabhUtamagneroSyam / - ta0 vA0, pR0 119 / 'lakSaNaM dvividhaM tatsthamatatsthaM ceti tatsthamamagneNyavat' -si0 ga0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 77 / 3. apare tu sarve paryAyazabdA evaite zatakratu-zakrAdizabdavat iti manyante / ' -vahI, pR0 78 / 'satyapi prakRtibhede rUDhivalalAbhAt paryAyazabdatvam / yathA indraH zakaH purandara iti' -sarvA0 si0 / 4. 'yadi prApyakAri syAt tvagindriyavat spRSTamaMjanaM gRhNIyAt / na tu gRhNAti / ' -sarvA0 si0 / 'yadi syAt tatastadgatamaJjanAdi paricchindyAt, na ca paricchinatti |'-vhii bhA0 1, pR0 87 /

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326 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa meM jo yukti dI gaI hai, siddhasenane ukta sUtrakI apanI TIkAmeM bhI vahI yukti prAyaH unhIM zabdoM meM dI hai| 6. satra 2-4 kI vyAkhyAmeM' akalaMkadevakI taraha siddhasenane bhI kSAyika bhAvoMmeM siddhatva bhAvako grahaNa karane kI bAta uThAI hai| kintu usake samAdhAnameM donoMmeM antara hai| 7. sUtra 2-6kI vyAkhyAmeM bhI akalaMkadevakI taraha siddhasenane bhI audayika bhAvoMmeM nidrAdi pA~ca, donoM vedanIya, hAsyAdi SaTka, Ayu, nAma, gotra Adi ko bhI grahaNa na karanepara Apatti kI hai aura una sabakA antarbhAva bhI prAyaH akalaMkakI hI taraha kiyA hai / kahIM to zabda sAmya bhI hai| 8. sUtra 'saMsAriNo muktAzca' 2-10 kI vyAkhyA 2 akalaMkadevane sUtra meM muktoMse pahale saMsAriyoMkA grahaNa kiye jAnemeM tIna hetu diye haiM-saMsArijIvoMke bahuta bheda haiM, saMsArI pUrvaka hI mukta hote haiM tathA saMsArI jIva svasaMvedya haiM / isa sUtrakI vyAkhyAmeM siddhasenane akalaMkadevake ina tInoM hetuoMko leliyA hai| tathA akalaMkadevane 'ca' zabdakA grahaNa upayogoM kI gauNatA aura mukhyatA batalAneke lie mAnA hai / siddhasenane bhI aisA hI mAnya kiyA hai| 1. "siddhatvamapi kSAyikamAgamopadiSTamasti tasyopasaMkhyAnamiha * kartavyama / ' -ta0 vA0, pR0 106 / 'nanu ca siddhatvamapi kSAyiko bhAvaH sa ceha na nirdiSTaH sUriNA, ko abhiprAyaH' -si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 143 / 2. 'atra codyate....."nidrAnidrAdaya audayikAH, vedanIyodayAt sukhaduHkhamo dayika, naukaSAyAzca hAsyaratyAdayaH ....... liMgagrahaNe hAsya-ratyAdyanta rbhAva "gatigrahaNamadhAtyupalakSaNam" "tena jAtyAdayo bhAvA... |'-t. vA0, pR0 109-110 / 'nanu c| nidrAdipaJcakaM vedanIyamabhayaM mohanIye hAsyAdiSaTkaM, Ayu""nAmakarma "gotrmubhympi"gtigrhnnaacchessnaambhedaaH| liMgagrahaNAt hAsyAdiSaTka grhnnm""|' -si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 145-146 / ...."ca zabdo'narthaka iti cet na, upayogasya guNabhAvapradarzanArthatvAt / ... saMsArigrahaNamAdI bahu vikalpatvAt, tatpUrvakatvAt svasaMvedyatvAcca'-ta. vA0, pR0 125 / 'saMsAriNAmAdAvupanyAsaH pratyakSa-bahubhedavAcyArthaH / tadanu muktavacanaM saMsAripUrvakatvaprasiddhayartha |""prdhaangunnbhaavkhyaapnaartho vA ca zabdo dRSTavyaH |'-si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 156 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 327 9. 'nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi' // 5-3 // sUtrako TIkAmeM siddhasenane 'apara'' karake likhA hai ki anya 'nitya' padako avasthitakA vizeSaNa mAnate haiM aura 'nityaprajalpita' kI taraha usakA samAsa karate haiM / akalaMkadevane 'nitya' ko avasthitakA vizeSaNa mAnA hai aura 'nityaprajalpita devadatta' kA udAharaNa diyA hai / ataH yaha ullekha to siddhasenake dvArA tattvArthavAtikakA upayoga kiye jAneke pakSameM akATaya pramANa hai / aise pramANa aneka haiN| 10. pA~cave adhyAyameM dArzanika viSaya honeke kAraNa siddhasenane tattvArthavArtikakA kAfI upayoga kiyA hai / sUtra 5-16 kI vyAkhyAmeM ta0vA0 meM uddhRta 'varSAtapAbhyAM kiM vyomna' Adi kArikA bhI uddhRta kI hai| sUtra 5-18 kI vyAkhyAmeM akalaMkadevane AkAzako anAvRttirUpa, tathA zabdaliMga aura pradhAna vikAra mAnanevAle matoMkA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai, siddhasenane bhI usI kramase tInoM matoMkA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| sUtra 5-22 kI TIkAmeM to isa sUtrakI akalaMkadevakRta utthAnikA jyoMkI tyoM zabdazaH lelI hai / vartanAkA lakSaNa bhI tabhvA0 se liyA hai / aura bhI bahuta kucha isa sUtrakI vArtikoMse liyA hai| sUtra 5-24 kI TIkAmeM akalaMkadevane sphoTakA khaNDana kiyA hai, siddhasenane bhI kiyA hai| akalaMkadevane chAyAke sambandhase pratibimbakA vicAra kiyA hai, siddhasenane bhI kiyA hai| sUtra 5-31 kI TIkAmeM siddhasenane saptabhaMgIkA jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha tattvArthavAtikake sUtra 4-42 meM kiye gaye saptabhaMgI vivecanakA kahIM-kahIM to zabdazaH RNI hai| __ ataH yaha nizcita hai ki siddhasenAcAryane tattvArthaTIkAkI racanAmeM sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavAtikakA pUrA upayoga kiyA hai| ataH paM0 sukhalAlajIne jo siddhasenake dvArA akalaMkake tattvArthavAtikakadekhanekI saMbhAvanAkI hai vaha kevala saMbhAvanA hI nahIM hai, vastubhUta satya hai / 1. 'apare nityagrahaNamavasthitavizeSaNaM kalpayanti nityamavasthitAni nityA vasthitAni.nityaprajalpitavat |'-si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 321 / 'nityagrahaNamidamavasthitavizeSaNaM .."nityaprajalito devadattaH' ityucyate |'-tvaa0, pR0 443 / 2. 'avazyaM satopakAriNA bhavitavyam / saMzcakAlo'bhimataH sa kimupakAra iti / tasya khalu vakSyamANa svatattvamUtaH'-si0 TI0, pR0 348 / ta0 vA0, pR0 476 / 3. 'sA ca vartanA pratidravyaparyAyamanta takasamayasvasattAnubhUtilakSaNA'-si0 ___TI0, pR0 349 |-t0 vA0, pR0 477 / 4. ta0 sa0 kI prastA0, pR0 42 /

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328 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa siddhasenIya vRttikI dArzanikayogyatA sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavArtika ke sAtha siddhasenakI vRttikI tulanA karate hue paM0 sukhalAlajIne likhA' hai-- 'jo bhASAkA prasAda, racanAkI vizadatA aura arthakA pRthakkaraNa sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtikameM hai, vaha siddhasenIya vRttimeM nahIM hai / isake do kAraNa haiM - eka to granthakArakA prakRtibheda aura dUsarA kAraNa parAzrita racanA hai / sarvArthasiddhikAra aura rAjavArtikakAra sUtroMpara apanA-apanA vaktavya svataMtrarUpase hI kahate haiM / siddhasenako bhASyakA zabdaza: anusaraNa karate hue parAzrita rUpase calanA par3atA hai / itanA bheda honepara bhI samagra rIti se siddhasenIya vRttikA avalokana karate samaya manapara do bAteM to aMkita hotI hI / unameM pahalI yaha ki sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtikakI apekSA siddha senIyavRttikI dArzanika yogyatA kama nahIM hai / paddhati bheda honepara bhI samaSTi rUpase isa vRttimeM bhI ukta do granthoM jitanI hI nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhyayoga, aura bauddha darzanoMkI carcAkI virAsata hai / aura dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki siddhasena apanI vRttimeM dArzanika aura tArkika carcA karate hue bhI antameM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNakI taraha Agamika paramparAkA prabalarUpase sthApanA karate hai / ' asala meM akalaMkadeva dArzanika the aura siddhasena Agamika the / darzana aura AgamakI zailImeM jaisA antara hai vaisA hI antara una donoMkI kRtiyoMmeM hai / akalaMkadeva Agamika carcA meM bhI dArzanika carcAkA vAtAvaraNa utpanna kara dete haiM / kintu siddhasena dArzanika carcA karate hue bhI apanI abhyasta Agamika zailIkA parityAga nahIM karapAte / isameM sandeha nahIM ki siddhasenako bhASyakA vyAkhyAkAra honese parAzrita rUpase calanA par3A hai, phira bhI sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArtha vArtika jaisI tattvArtha TIkAoMke sanmukha rahanese aura vasubandhu, dignAga, bhartRhari dharmakIrti, udayana jaise tArkikokI racanAoMke kAraNa bhAratavarSa ke tatkAlIna sAhityika vAtAvaraNa meM darzanakI chApa chAyI honese siddhasenane bhI apanI vRttimeM yathA sthAna dArzanika carcAe~ kI haiM / aura unake dekhanese pratIta hotA hai ki unhoMne Agama ke viziSTa abhyAsI hote hue bhI ukta dArzanikoMke granthoMkA bhI adhyayana kiyA thA | pAMcave adhyAyakI apanI TIkAmeM unhoMne 'dharmakIrtike pramANavinizcayakA, dignAgakA tathA 'vArtikakAra 4 nAmase nyAyavArtikake racayitA 9. vahI, pR0 81 / 2. bhikSuvara dharmakIrtinA'pi virodha uktaH pramANavinizcayAdI - pR0 397 / 3. 'dignAgenApyuktam' - pR0 397 / 4. 'evamukte vArtikakAreNoktaM samavAyo na kvacidvartate iti brUmaH ' - pR0 435 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 329 udayanakA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ata. siddhasenIya vRttiko dArzanika yogyatA tattvArthavAtikake samakakSa na hote hue bhI AdaraNIya hai| samayavicAra-siddhasenAcAryane apanI ekamAtra upalabdha kRti tattvArtha vRtti meM usakA racanAkAla to nahI diyA hai kintu antameM apanI guruparamparA avazya dI hai / usake anusAra dinna' gagi kSamAzramaNa nAmake eka pratibhAzAlI prakhyAtakIrti AcArya the, jo zIla aura saMyamake dhArI the, zrutanidhi the, mokSArthiyoMke agraNI aura paramatapasvI the // unake siMhasUra nAmake ziSya hue vaha paravAdiyoMke jItanemeM paTu the, siMhavRttike dhAraka the, samasta AgamoMke jJAtA the / Aja bhI unakI kIrti avizrAntarUpase diganta taka bhramaNa karatI hai / unake bhAsvAmI nAmaka ziSya the, jo vidvAnoMmeM agresara the, samasta zAstroMke jJAtA the, mahAzramaNa the, kSamAzIla the aura gacchAdhipati the| unake caraNarajake ekakaNa, alpabuddhi, svalpa AgamoMke jJAtA siddhasena gaNine isa tattvArthazAstra TIkAko rcaa| siddhasenake dvArA nirdiSTa apanI gurvAvalImeM eka 'siMhasUra' nAma aisA hai jisake sambandhameM Aja bhI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'Aja bhI unakI kIrti avizrAnta rUpase diganta taka bhramaNa karatI hai|' 1. 'AsId dinnagaNiH kSamAzramaNatAM prApat krameNava yo vidvatsu pratibhAguNena jayinA prakhyAtakIrtibhRzam / voDho zIlabharasya sacchra tanidhirmokSArthinAmagraNI jajvAlAmalamuccakainijatapastejobhikhyAhatam // 1 // tasyAbhUt paravAdinirjayapaTuH saiMhIM dadhacchUratAM nAmnA vyajyata siMhasUra iti ca jJAtAkhilArthAgamaH / ziSyaH ziSTajanapriyaH priyahitavyAhAraceSTAzrayAt / bhavyAnAM zaraNaM bhavIdhapatanaklezAditAnAM bhuvi // 3 // ziSyastasya babhuva rAji (ja?)kaziroratnaprabhAjAlaka vyAsanAcchuritasphurannakhamaNiprodbhAsipAdadvayaH / bhAsvAmIti vijitya nAma jagRhe yastejasAM sampadA bhAsvantaM bhavanirjayodyatamatividvajjanAgresaraH // 5 // Y tatpAdarajovayavaH svalpAgamazemuSIkabahujADyaH / / tattvArthazAstraTIkAmimAM vyadhAt siddhasenagaNiH // 7 //

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330 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa siMhasUra-vidvAnoMse yaha bAta ajJAta nahIM hai ki jainaparamparAmeM mallavAdI nAmake eka prakhyAta AcArya ho gaye haiM aura unhoMne 'nayacakra' nAmaka grantha racA thaa| yaha grantha to Aja anupalabdha hai kintu usakI siMhasUrigaNi kSamAzramaNa racita nyAyAgamAnusAriNI TIkA upalabdha hai aura usakA kucha bhAga gAyakavAr3a prAcya granthamAlA var3audA tathA zrIlabdhisUrIzvarajainagranthamAlA chANIse prakAzita huA hai / yadyapi pUrI TIkA prakAzameM na A sakanese ukta nayacakra TIkAke racayitA siMhasUriMgaNi kSamAzramaNake sambandhameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai, tathApi vidvAnoMkI Ama dhAraNA yahI hai ki siddhasenagaNike dvArA apanI tattvArtha TIkAkI prazastimeM smRta siMhasUra hI nayacakra TIkAke racayitA haiN| yadyapi siddhasenane 'siMhasUra' nAma diyA hai aura nayacakra TIkAkI upalabdha pratiyoMmeM 'siMhasUri' nAma milatA hai yathA-iti niyamabhaGgo navamo'raH zrImallavAdipraNItanayacakrasya TIkAyAM nyAyAgamAnusAriNyAM siMhasUrigaNi kSamAzramaNadRbdhAyAM samAptaH / / kintu eka to 'siMhasUra'kA lekhakoMkI kRpAse 'siMhasUri' ho jAnA saMbhava hai| dUsare, siddhasenane jisa rUpameM unakA smaraNa kiyA hai, vaha rUpa nayacakra TIkAke kartAke sarvathA anurUpa hai, kAla kramakI dRSTise bhI ThIka baiThatA hai| ataH yaha svIkAra karanA hI ucita hogA ki nayacakra TIkAke kartA siMhasUragaNi siddhasena gaNike praguru-guruke gurU the| siMhasUrane apanI nayacakraTIkAke prArambhameM 'uktaJca' likhakara nIce likhI tIna gAthAeM uddhRta kI haiM 'jaM caudasa puvvadharA chaTThANagayA parupparaM hoti / teNa u aNaMtabhAgo paNNavaNijjANa jaM suttaM // 1 // paNNavaNijjA bhAvA aNaMtabhAgo u aNabhilappANaM / paNNavaNijjANaM puNa aNaMtabhAgo suaNibaddho // 2 // akkharalaMbheNa samA UNahiyA hoMti maivisesehiM / te vi ya maivisese suaNANabhaMtare jANa // 3 // ' ye tInoM gAthAe~ jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNakRta vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI haiN| kintu maladhArI hemacandrakI TIkAke sAtha mudita pratimeM gAthA do prathama hai aura gAthA prathama usake pazcAt hai aura vahA~ unakI kramasaMkhyA isa prakAra 142,141 aura 143 hai| ____ ataH yaha nizcita hai ki siMhasUrane vizeSAvazyaka bhASyase ukta gAthAe~ apanI nayacakraTIkAmeM uddhRta kI haiN| jaisalamera bhaNDArase prApta vizeSAvazyaka

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 331 bhASyakI pratike antameM pAI jAnevAlI prazastikI gAthAoMke AdhArase muni zrIjinavijayajIne usakA kAla vi0 saM0 666 nirdhArita kiyA hai| kintu cUMki ukta prazasti gAthAoMmeM grantha samApta karanekA sUcaka koI zabda nahIM hai ataH paM0 dalasukhamAlavaNiyA use pratilekhanakA kAla mAnate haiN| aura ve jinabhadra gaNikSamAzramaNakI uttarAvadhi vi0 saM0 650 batalAte haiM / ataH siMhasUrane apanI nayacakra TIkA vi0 saM0 650 ke pazcAt racI thI, yaha nizcita hotA . hai| kintu siMhasUrakI TIkAmeM prasiddha bauddha dArzanika dharmakItikA koI ullekha nahIM milatA / dharmakIti vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdoke antameM hue haiN| moTe taura para unakA samaya I0 625-650 (vi0 saM0 682-707) mAnA jAtA hai / ataH siMhasUrako bhI vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdIke utarArdhakA vidvAna mAnanA ucita hogA / siddhasena gaNi unake praziSya the / ata. siddhasenakA samaya vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArSa honA cAhiye / 2. siddhasena gaNine apanI tattvArthavRttimeM prasiddha bauddha dArzanika basubandhu aura dignAgake sAtha dharmakItike pramANa vinizcayakA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| aura akalaMkadevane bhI apane granthoMmeM dharmakItikA khaNDana kiyA hai tathA akalaMka devake tatvArthavArtika kA upayoga siddhasena gaNine apanI tattvArthavRttimeM khUba kiyA hai| ataH siddhasena gaNi na kevala dharmakIrti ke pazcAt hue haiM kintu akalaMka devake bhI pazcAt hue haiN| kintu unake granthameM haribhadrasUri ( vi0 saM0 757-827 ) kA koI prabhAva parilakSita nahIM hotA / ataH haribhadrase pUrva unakA honA saMbhava hai| aura isa liye unheM vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdIke pUrvArdhakA vidvAna mAnanA samucita hai| amRta candra sUri amRta candra sUrike sambandhameM dravyAnuyoga viSayaka prakaraNameM prakAza DAlA jA 1. 'paMcasatA igitIsA sagaNivakAlassa vaTTamANassa / tA cetta puNNimAe budha diNa sAtimmi Nakkhatte // rajje Nu pAlaNapare sI [lAi cammi garava dindammi / valabhINagarIe imaM mahavi 'mi jiNabhavaNe // ' 2. 'gaNagharavAdakI prastA0, 32 / 3. dvAdazAra nayacakra ( gA0 si0 bar3audA ) ko aMgrejI prastA0, pR0 7 tathA ta0 sU0 kI paM0 sukhalAlajI likhita prastA0, pR0 42 / 4. 'tasmAdenaH padametat basubandhorAmiSagRddhasya gaddhasyevA'prekSyakAriNaH'-si0 ga0 TI0, bhA. 2, pR0 68 / 5. 'bhikSuvara dharmakIrtinApi virodha uktaH pramANavinizcayAdau |'..."dignaagenaa 'pyuktam...'-vahI, bhA0, pR0 397 /

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332 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa cukA hai| yaha kundakundake samayapAhur3a, pravacanasAra aura paJcAstikAya nAmaka granthoMke Adya vyAkhyAkAra haiN| inakI vyAkhyA zailIke sambandhameM bhI pIche prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| samaya pAhuDakI taraha pravacanasAra aura paJcAstikAyakI TIkAeM bhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiM aura unameM viSayakA pratipAdana prAJjala saMskRta bhASAke dvArA bahuta hI sundara rItise kiyA gayA hai| pravacanasArakI' TIkAkA nAma 'tattvadIpikA' hai aura-paJcAstikAyakI TIkAkA nAma 'tattvapradIpikA' hai| donoM nAma sArthaka haiN| pravacanasAra aura paJcAstikAyameM pratipAdita tattvoMko prakAzita karaneke liye amRtacandrakI donoM TIkAeM dIpikA ke tulya haiM / yaha hama pahale likha Aye haiM ki amRtacandrakI TIkAoMmeM mUla granthakA zabdazaH vyAkhyAna nahIM hai| kintu mUla gAthAoMkA pUrA mantavya unakI TIkAoMse suspaSTa ho jAtA hai| jahA~ AvazyakatA hotI hai vahA~ ve vastutattvakA vizleSaNa bhI karate haiN| yathA, pravacanasArake jJeyAdhikArake prArambhakI gAthAoMkA vyAkhyAna karate hue unhoMne guNa aura paryAyoMkA tathA utpAda vyaya aura dhrauvyakA nirUpaNa dRSTAnta dvArA bahuta vistArase kiyA hai / dravyakA vizleSaNa karate hue AcArya amRtacandrane jo tiryakpracaya aura UrdhvapracayakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai vaha unakI eka aisI dena hai jo unase pUrvake sAhityameM nahIM pAI jAtI / aura usake dvArA jo unhoMne kAla dravyako aNurUpa mAnane meM upapatti dI hai vaha unake jainatattvaviSayaka apUrva pAMDityakI paricAyaka hai| Upara likhA hai ki amRtacandrane gAthAoMkA vyAkhyAna zabdazaH nahIM kiyA / kintu kvacit zabdazaH vyAkhyAna bhI kiyA hai| udAharaNake liye prava0 sA0 ke jJeyAdhikArakI gAthA 80 kA vyAkhyAna karate hue gAthAmeM Agata 'aliMgagahaNa' zabdake bIsa artha kiye haiN| aura sabhI artha camatkAra pUrNa hai aura Atmatattvake rahasyako prakaTa karate haiN| tattvArthasAra kintu amRtacandra kevala saphala TIkAkAra hI nahIM haiM, unhoMne svataMtra grantha 1. ye donoM TIkAe~ rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaIse prakAzita ho cukI hai| paJcAstikAyakI tattvapradIpikA TIkA hindI anuvAdake sAtha 'seThI grantha mAlA jauharI bAjAra bambaIse' prathamabAra hI prakAzita huI hai / 2. prava0 sA0, pR0 199 / / 3. tattvArthasAra mUla nirNayasAgara presase prakAzita prathama gucchakameM prakAzita huA thaa| punaH isakA dUsarA saMskaraNa banArasase prakAzita huA / tathA hindI anuvAdake mAtha yaha grantha zrIgaNezavarNI granthamAlA vArANasI se prakAzita huA hai|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 333 racamA bhI kI hai| unakI tIna TIkAoMke sivAya do grantha upalabdha haiM / unameMse eka granthakA nAma puruSArtha siddhayupAya hai jo zrAvakAcAra viSayakA apUrva grantha hai aura dUsarA hai tatvArthasAra / isameM AcAryane tattvArthasUtrakA sAra bhara diyA hai / ataH isakA yaha nAma sArthaka hai| jainavAGamayameM kundakundake ukta tInoM granthoMkA jaisA mahatva haiM vaisA hI mahatva tattvArthasUtrakA bhI hai| ataH amRtacandrAcAryane kundakundake granthoM para to TIkAeM racakara eka kamIkI pUrti kI, kyoMki una granthoMpara taba taka koI TIkA nahIM racI gaI thii| kintu tattvArthasUtra para to pUjyapAdakI savArthasiddhi aura akalaMkadevakA tattvArthavArtika jaise mahAna vyAkhyA grantha race jA cuke the / ataH amRtacandrane usa granthake mahattvako hRdayaMgama karake eka svataMtra granthake rUpameM usakA sAra sarala saMskRta bhASAke anuSTupa zlokoMmeM bahuta hI sundara rItise nibaddha kara diyA aura isa taraha kundakundake granthoMkI taraha tattvArthasUtrakA rahasyabhI sugama banA diyaa| maMgalAcaraNake pazcAt granthakA nAma tathA uddezya batalAte hue likhA hai 'atha tattvArthasAro'yaM mokSamArgakadIpakaH / mumukSUNAM hitArthAya praspaSTamabhidhIyate // 2 // ' arthAt 'yaha tattvArthasAra nAmaka grantha mokSamArgako prakAzita karaneke liye eka dIpakake tulya hai| mumukSuoMke hitake liye maiM ise ati spaSTa rUpase kahatA huuN|' tattvArthasUtrake dasa adhyAyoMmeM sAta tattvoMkA varNana hai| tattvArthasArameM bhI sAta tattvoMkA kramase varNana hai| pahalA 'saptatattvapIThikAbandha' nAmaka adhikAra hai, phira kramase jIvAdi sAta tattvoMke varNanako liye hue sAta adhikAra haiM aura anta meM upasaMhAra hai| pratyekakI zloka saMkhyA kramase 54 + 238 + 77 + 105 + 54 + 52 + 60 + 55 + 23 = 718 hai / yoM to tattvArthasArakA mukhya viSaya vahI hai jo tattvArthasUtra kA hai, tathApi amRtacandrasUrine usameM prasaMgavaza aneka aisI bAtoMkA bhI saMkalana kiyA hai, jo na to tattvArthasUtrameM pAI jAtI haiM aura na usakI TIkAoMmeM pAI jAtI haiM / isake sAtha amRtacandra adhyAtmake mAne hue vidvAna the / ataH unakI kRti bhI adhyAtmakI chApase achUtI kaise ho sakatI hai /

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334 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa tattva sAta hI kyoM batalAye haiM, isakA samAdhAna akalaMkadevane to 'sarvArSasiddhike anusAra hI kiyA hai| kintu amRtacandrane adhyAtma zailIke anusAra sAta tattvoMmeMse jIvako upAdeya, ajIvako heya, Asrava aura bandhako heyake upAdAnakA kAraNa, saMvara aura nirjarAko heyake hAna kA kAraNa tathA mokSako heyakA Atyantika hAna rUpa batalAte hue una sAtoMke kathanakI AvazyakatA batalAI hai / bauddha dArzanika dharmakItine apane pramANavAtikameM sarvajJako upAya sahita heya aura upAdeyakA jJAtA mAnA hai, savakA jJAtA nahIM maanaa| akalakadevane siddhivinizcayameM dharmakIrtike hI zabdoMko lekara usakA khaNDana kiyA hai / yaha heya aura heya hetu tathA upAdeya aura upAdeya hetuke rUpameM sAta tattvoMkA vibhAjana amRtacandrasUrine usIke AdhArapara kiyA ho, aisA lagatA hai| amRtacandrane tattvArthasArameM tattvArthasUtrakI TIkA sarvArthasiddhike sAtha tattvArthavAtikakA to pUrA upayoga kiyA hI hai| vidyAnandake tattvArtha zloka vArtikakA bhI upayoga kiyA hai ! samyagjJAnako svArtha vyavasAyAtmaka aura zrutako 'avispaSTArtha takaNa' rUpa vidyAnandine batalAyA hai tadanusAra hI amRtacandrasUrine bhI batalAyA hai / "nayoMke bhI kaI lakSaNoMmeM ta0 zlo0 vA0 kA zabdazaH anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| ___ jIvAdhikArameM saMsArI jIvoMkA varNana guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, paryApti, prANa saMjJA aura mArgaNAoMke dvArA kiyA gayA hai / caudaha mArgaNAoMke varNanameM prAkRta 1. 'ataH pradhAna-hetuhetumatphalanidarzanArthatvAtpRthugaddezaH kRtaH'--sa0si0 1-4 / 'parasparopazleSe saMsArapravRttitaduparamapradhAnakAraNapratipAdanArthatvAt'--ta. vA0 1-4 / 2. 'upAdeyatayA jIvo'jIvo heyatayoditaH / heyasyAsminnupAdanahetutvenAsravaH smRtaH // 7 // heyasyAdAnarUpeNa bandhaH sa parikIrtitaH / saMvaro nirjarA heyahA hetutyoditau| heyaprahANarUpeNa mokSo jIvasya darzitaH // 8 // ' tatvA0 saa0| 3. 'tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM mAnaM'-ta0 zlo0 vA0, 1-10-16 / 'samyagjJAnaM punaH svArthavyavasAyAtmakaM viduH ||18||'-ttvaa0 sA0 / 4. 'zrutamaspaSTatarkaNam'--ta0 zlo0 vA0 1-20-13 / 'matipUrva zrutaM prokta mavispaSTArthatarkaNam // 24 // ' tatvA0 sA0 / 5. 'tatra saMkalpamAtrasya grAhako nagamo nayaH'-ta0 zlo0 vA0 1-33-17 / 'artha saMkalpamAtrasya grAhako nagamo nayaH ||44||'-ttvaa0 sA0 / 'saMgrahaNa gRhItAnAmarthAnAM vidhipUrvakaH-ta0 zlo0 vA0, 1-33-58 |-ttvaa0 sA046 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 335 paJcasaMgrahake antargata jIvasamAsa nAmaka prakaraNakA sAhAyya liyA gayA hai| isa prakaraNameM cAroM gatiyoMke jIvoMkA mRtyuke pazcAt kahA~-kahA~ janma ho sakatA hai, isakA kathana bahuta vistArase zlo0 146 se 175 taka kiyA gayA hai / yaha saba kathana anyatra eka sAtha nahIM pAyA jaataa| isa adhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke dUsare tIsare aura cauthe adhyAyakA viSaya hai / dUsare ajIvAdhikArameM tatvArthasUtra aura usako sarvArthasiddhi tathA tattvArthavAtika nAmaka TIkAoMke AdhArapara pAMca dravyoM kA varNana hai| isa prakaraNameM kundakundake pazcAstikAyakI kaI gAthAoMko bhI saMskRtameM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| isa adhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke pAMcave adhyAyakA viSaya hai| tIsare AsravAdhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke chaThe aura sAtaveM adhyAyakA varNana hai| ta0 sU0 ke chaThe adhyAyameM jJAnAvaraNa Adi AThoM karmoMkA Asrava jina kAryoMke karanese hotA hai una kAryoMko batalAyA hai / aura akalaMka devane apane tattvArthavArtikameM una sUtroMkI vyAkhyAmeM pratyeka karmaka Asravake kucha anya kAraNoMkA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| amRtacandrane tattvAthasArameM una saba kAraNoMkA bhI saMgraha kiyA hai| tathA puNyAsravake kAraNa vratoMkA varNana karaneke pazcAt puNya aura pApake bhedako spaSTa karate hue unhoMne yaha bhI likha diyA hai ki nizcayanayasa puNya aura pApameM koI antara nahIM hai kyoMki donoM hI saMsArake kAraNa haiM / cauthe bandhAdhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke AThaveM adhikArakA, pAMcave saMvarAdhikAra aura chaTe nirjarAdhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke nauveM adhikArakA aura sAtaveM mokSAdhikArameM ta0 sU0 ke dasaveM adhyAyake viSayakA kathana hai| tattvArthavAtikake antameM 'uktaJca' karake jo zloka pAye jAte haiM unameMse eka antima zlokako chor3akara zeSa battIsa zloka mAmUlI vyatikramake sAtha tatvArthasArameM sammilita kara liye gaye haiN| amRtacandrAcArya adhyAtmavAdI the, ataH unhoMne tattvArthasArake antameM upasaMhArarUpase nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranayase mokSamArga kathana karate hue kahA haimokSamArga nizcaya aura vyavahArake bhedase do prakArakA hai / usameM se nizcayamArga sAdhya hai aura vyavahAra mokSamArga sAdhana hai| zuddha svAtmAkA zraddhAna, jJAna aura upekSA to nizcaya mokSamArga hai aura parAtmAkA zraddhAna, jJAna aura upekSA vyavahAra mokSamArga hai| jo para dravyakA zraddhAna karatA hai, usIko mAnatA hai aura usIkI upekSA karatA hai vaha vyavahAranayase muni hai / aura svAtmadravyako jAnatA hai, usIkA zraddhAna aura upekSA karatA hai vaha nizcayase muni hai / Age eka AtmatattvameM hI SaT kArakoMko ghaTAkara antameM punaH kahA ki vyavahAranayase samyaktva jJAna aura caritrarUpa mokSamArga hai aura nizcayanayase eka

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336 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa advitIya jJAtA hI mokSamArga hai / antameM samaya prAbhRtako TokAko taraha eka zloka isa AzayakA diyA ki-'varNose pada bane, padoMse vAkya bane aura vAkyoMse zAstra banA / ataH vAkya hI isa zAstrake kartA haiM, hama nhiiN| isa granthameM granthakArane yadyapi apanA nAma nahIM diyA hai tathApi ukta zailIse yaha spaSTa hai ki isake kartA amRtacandra haiN| ___amRtacandrake samayake sambandhameM pIche vistArase prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai vaha svAmI vidyAnandake pazcAt aura AlApapaddhatikAra devasenase pahale hone cAhiye / unhoMne vidyAnandake tattvArthazlokavArtikakA upayoga apane tattvArthasArameM kiyA hai yaha hama pIche likha Aye haiM / vidyAnandane apane tattvArthazlokavArtikako prazastimeM pazcimI gaMgavaMzI nareza zrIpuruSake uttarAdhikArI zivamAra dvitIya kA ullekha kiyA hai / zivamAra dvitIyakA samaya I0 810 ( vi0 saM0 867) hai aura devasenane apanA darzanasAra vi0 saM0 990 meM racA thaa| ataH vi0 saM0 867 ke pazcAt aura vi0 saM0 990 se pUrva amRtacandra hue haiN| . dravya' saMgraha __ muni nemicandra racita dravyasaMgraha nAmakA eka choTAsA mahattvapUrNa grantha jaina samAjameM bahuta pracalita hai| isa granthameM kevala 58 prAkRta gAthAe~ haiM / granthako antima gAthAmeM granthakArane apanA tathA granthakA nAmamAtra diyA hai| kartA usameM granthakA nAma dravyasaMgraha diyA hai| isa granthake Upara brahmadevaracita saMskRta vRtti hai / usake prArambhameM vRttikArane granthakA paricaya dete hue likhA hai'atha mAlavadeze dhArAnAma-nagarAdhipatirAja-bhojadevAbhidhAna-kalikAlacakravati sambandhinaH zrIpAlamaNDalezvarasya sambandhanyAzramanAmanagare zrI munisuvratatIrthakara caityAlaye zuddhAtmadravyasaMvittisamutpannasukhAmRtarasAsvAdaviparItanArakAdi duHkhabhayabhItasya paramAtmabhAvanotpannasukhasudhArasapipAsitasya bhedAbhedaratnatraya1. saMskRtaTIkA tathA hindI TIkAke sAtha dravyasaMgraha rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaIse prakAzita huA thaa| usake bAda dillIse vi0 saM0 2010 meM aura kharakharI ( jhariyA) se prakAzita huA hai| mUla dravyasaMgraha bhASA TIkA sahita aneka sthAnoMse prakAzita huA hai| tathA aMgrejI anuvAda aura vistRta prastAvanAke sAtha ArAse prakAzita huA thaa| 2. 'dravyasaMgahamiNaM muNiNAhA dosasaMcayacudA suda punnnnaa| sodhayaMtu taNusuttadhareNa micaMdamuNiNA bhaNiyaM jaM / '

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 337 bhAvanApriyasya bhavyavarapuNDarIkasya bhANDAgArAdhanekaniyogAdhikArisomAbhidhAnarAjazreSThino nimittaM zrInemicandrasiddhAntidevaH pUrva SaDviMzati gAthAbhirlagha dravyasaMgrahaM kRtvA pazcAd vizeSatattvaparijJAnAthaM viracitasya vRhadvyasaMgrahasyAdhikArazuddhipUrvakatvena vRttiH prArabhyate / ' arthAt-'mAlava dezameM dhArAnagarIkA svAmI kalikAla sarvajJa rAjA bhojadeva thaa| usase sambaddha maNDalezvara zrIpAlake Azrama nAmaka nagarameM zrI munisuvratanAtha tIrthaGkarake caityAlayameM bhANDAgAra Adi aneka niyogoMke adhikArI somanAmaka rAjazreSThIke liye zrI nemicandra siddhAntidevane pahale 26 gAthAoMke dvArA laghudra vyasaMgraha nAmakA grantha racA, pIche vizeSatattvoMke jJAnake liye vRhadravyasaMgraha nAmaka gantha rcaa| usakI vRttiko maiM prArambha karatA huuN|' ataH vRttikArake anusAra isa granthakA nAma vRhadravyasaMgraha hai / dravya saMgrahake jo saMskaraNa saMskRta TIkAke sAtha prakAzita hue haiM unapara usakA nAma vRhad dravyasaMgraha hI mudrita kiyA gayA hai| kintu mUla granthake saMskaraNoM para usakA nAma dravyasaMgraha hI diyA gayA hai| yaha grantha tIna adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai| pahale adhikArameM dravyoMkA varNana hai aura 27 gAthAeM haiN| ataH TIkAkArake ukta kathana parase pahale aisA samajhA gayA ki granthakArane pahale itanA hI grantha banAyA hogaa| pIche usane use bar3hA diyA hogaa| kintu zrI paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtArako zrI mahAvIra jI ke zAstra bhanDArase ukta laghu dravyasaMgraha prApta ho gayA aura unhoMne use anekAnta varSa 12 kI kiraNa pAMca prakAzita kara diyaa| usase jJAta huA ki ukta dravyasaMgrahase jise TIkAkArane vRhadravyasaMgraha nAma diyA hai, laghudravyasaMgraha judA hI hai| usakI antima gAthAmeM, jisakI saMkhyA 25 hai, granthakArane apanA nAma gaNi nemicandra diyA hai aura use somake bahAnese racA bhI batalAyA hai| kintu usakA nAma dravyasaMgraha nahIM diyA / vaha antima gAthA isa prakAra hai somacchaleNa raiyA payAlakkhaNakarAu gAhAo / bhavvuvayAraNimittaM gaNiNA siriNemicaMdeNa // 25 // arthAt-gaNi zrI nemicandrane somake vyAjase bhavya jIvoMke upakArake liye padArthokA lakSaNa karanevAlI gAthAoMko racA / ina gAthAoMkI dravyasaMgrahakI gAthAoMke sAtha tulanA karanese aisA lagatA hai ki yadi donoMke kartA eka hI haiM to unhoMne pahale to somake liye ukta lakSaNa paraka kucha gAthAe~ rcii| pIche suvyavasthita rUpase eka grantha racA aura usako dravyasaMgraha nAma diyA / TIkAkAra brahmasUrine isa dravyasaMgraha nAmake Uparase padArtha 22

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338 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa lakSaNa paraka gAthAoMke saMgrahako laghudravya saMgraha aura dravyasaMgrahako vRhadravyasaMgraha nAma de diyaa| kintu dravyasaMgraha para eka saMkSipta TIkA prabhAcandrakRta bhI upalabdha hai, usameM brahmadevake dvArA kathita ukta bAtoMkA koI saMketa taka nahIM hai| hAM, usake Adha maMgala zlokake antima caraNameM 'Sadravya nirNayamahaM prakaTaM pravakSye likhA hai / tathA prathama gAthAkI utthAnikAmeM likhA hai-'atheSTadevatAvizeSaM namaskRtya mahAmuni saMddhAntika zrI nemicandrapratipAditAnAM SadravyANAM svalpaprabodhArtha saMkSepatayA vivaraNaM krissye|' isa taraha unhoMne dravyasaMgrahameM SadravyoMkA vivaraNa honese SaTdravyoMke nirNayako kahanekI pratijJA kI hai, kintu granthake nAmAdike sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM kahA / yaha TIkA brahmadevakI TIkAse prAcIna hai, itanA hI nahIM, kintu dravyasaMgrahakI racanAke pazcAt vinA adhika antarAlake isakI racanA huI pratIta hotI hai| ataH brahmadevake ukta kathanameM kahA~ taka tathya haiM, pramANAntarake abhAvameM yaha kahanA zakya nahIM hai| laghu dravyasagraha prathama laghu dravyasaMgrahakA hI paricaya karAyA jAtA hai| isakI prathama gAthAmeM granthakArane jinadevake jayakArake sAtha hI sAtha granthameM varNita viSayakA bhI nirdeza karate hue kahA hai ki jisane cha dravya, pA~ca astikAya, sAta tattva aura nau padArthoMkA tathA utpAda vyaya dhrauvyakA kathana kiyA, ve jina jayavanta hoN| tadanusAra isameM chahoM dravyoM, pA~ca astikAyoM, sAta tattvoM aura nau padArthokA svarUpa batalAneke sAtha hI sAtha utpAda vyaya dhrauvya aura dhyAnakA bhI nirdeza kara diyA hai| pA~ca astikAya to dravyoMmeM hI gabhita ho jAte haiM kyoMki jIva pudgala, dharma, adharma AkAza aura kAla ye cha dravya hai, aura kAlake sivAya pA~coM dravya bahupradezI honese astikAya kahe jAte haiN| isI taraha jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa, puNya aura pApa ye nau padArtha haiN| inameMse puNya aura pApako alaga kara denepara zeSako sAta tattva kahate haiM / inameMse dravyoMkA svarUpa to vistArase batalAyA haiM kintu padArthokA jinameM tattva bhI samAviSTa hai-svarUpa bahuta saMkSepase batalAyA hai| pahalI gAthAmeM to vaktavya viSayake nirdezake sAtha maMgalAcaraNa hai / dUsarI gAthAmeM dravyoM aura astikAyoMkA tathA tIsarI gAthAmeM tattvoM aura padArthoMkA nAma nirdeza hai / gyAraha gAthAoMmeM dravyoMkA tathA pAMca gAthAoMmeM tattvoM aura padArthoMkA svarUpa batalAyA hai| do gAthAoMke dvArA utpAda vyaya dhrauvyakA kathana hai| do gAthAoMke dvArA dhyAna karanekA upadeza hai| 24vIM gAthAmeM namaskAra aura paccIsavoMmeM nAmAdi kathana haiM / saMkSipta kathanakI dRSTise racanA mahattvapUrNa hai|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 339 ina gAthAoMmeMse jIvakA svarUpa batalAne vAlI gAthA to kundakundake pravacanasAra athavA samayasArase saMgRhIta hai / pudgala dravyake cha bhedoMko batalAne vAlI gAthA naM. 7 gomaTTasAra jIvakANDa (gA. 601 ) se lI gaI pratIta hotI hai| dravyoMke svarUpako batalAne vAlI gAthA naM0 8, 9, 10, aura 11 kA pUrvArSa, tathA gA0 12, aura 14 dravya saMgrahameM bhI pAI jAtI haiN| zeSa gAthAe~ bhinna haiN| brahmadevake anusAra isameM eka gAthA kama hai| saMbhava hai latrudravya saMgraha kI prApta pratimeM eka gAthA chUTa gaI ho| vRhadravyasaMgraha vRhadravya saMgrahakI kundakundAcAryake paMcAstikAyake sAtha tulanA karanese yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki paMcAstikAyakI zailI aura vastuko dravyasaMgrahakArane apanAyA hai aura use laghu paMcAstikAya kahA jA sakatA hai / paMcAstikAya bhI tIna adhikAroMmeM vibhakta hai aura dravya saMgrahameM bho tIna adhikAra haiN| paMcAstikAyake prathama adhikArameM dravyoMkA, dUsaremeM nau padArthokA aura tIsare meM vyavahAra aura nizcaya mokSa mArgakA kathana hai / dravyasaMgrahake bhI tInoM adhikAroM meM kramase yaho kathana hai| kintu paMcAstikAyameM jo sattA, dravya, guNa, paryAya saptabhaMgI AdikI dArzanika carcAeM hai, unakA dravyasaMgrahameM abhAva hai| asala meM jaina tattvoM ke prAthamika abhyAsIke liye ukta dArzanika carcAeM durUha bhI haiN| saMbhavatayA isIse somazreSThIke liye dravya saMgrahako vanAnekI AvazyakatA huI / dravya saMgrahakA racayitA kundakundAcAryake dvArA pratipAdita tattvoMse suparicita pratIta hotA hai / unhoMne nizcaya aura vyavahAranayase hI pratyeka tattvakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| vyavahAranayake kisI avAntara bhedakA nirdeza to dravyasaMgrahameM nahIM hai, kintu nizcayake zuddha aura azuddha bhedakA nirdeza avazya hai| granthakA prArambha jIva aura ajIva dravyakA kathana karane vAle bhagavAna RSabhadevake namaskArase hotA hai / isase granthakArane granthameM vaktavya viSayakA bhI nirdeza kara diyA hai / dUsarI gAthAse jIva dravyakA kathana prArambha hotA hai| isameM jIvako upayogamaya, amUrtika, kartA, svadeha parimANa, bhoktA, saMsArI, mukta aura svabhAvase Uparako gamana karanevAlA batalAyA hai| isa taraha isa gaath| ke dvArA nau avAntara adhikAroMkI sUcanA karake Age isI kramase pratyekakA kathana nizcaya aura vyavahAranayase kiyA hai| paMcAstikAya gA0 27 meM bhI jIvako cetayitA, upayogamaya, prabhu, kartA, bhoktA, zarIra pramANa, bhamUrtika aura karma saMyukta batalAkara tathA gAthA 28 meM unake mukta hone para Upara jAnekA kathana kiyA hai / aura Age inhIMkA vistArase kathana kiyA hai| dravyasaMgrahakArane bhI

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340 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa apanI rItise vaisA hI kiyA hai / 15vIM gAthAse ajIva dravyoMkA kathana Arambha hotA hai | gAthA 16 meM tattvArtha sUtra 5 - 24 kI taraha zabdAdiko pudgala kI paryAya batalAyA haiM / gAthA 28 se Asrava AdikA varNana prArambha hotA hai / bhAva aura dravyakI apekSA pratyeka ke do bheda karake pratyekakA svarUpa bahuta saMkSepameM kintu sarala aura spaSTa rItise batalAyA hai / gAthA 35 meM vrata, samiti, gupti; dharma, anuprekSA, parISaha jaya jaura cAritrako bhAvasaMvarake bheda batalAyA hai / tattvArtha sUtrameM vratoMko to puNyAsravakA kAraNa batalAyA hai aura zeSako saMvarakA kAraNa batalAyA hai / kintu cU~ki vratoMmeM nivRtti aMza bhI hotA hai isaliye unheM saMvarake kAraNoM meM ginA haiN| tIsare adhikAra meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritrakA svarUpa batalAkara dhyAnAbhyAsa karanepara jora diyA hai kyoMki dhyAnake binA mokSakI prApti saMbhava nahIM hai / dhyAnake bheda aura svarUpAdikA kathana to nahIM kiyA, kintu paJcaparameSThIke vAcaka maMtroMko japane tathA unakA dhyAna karanekI preraNA kI hai aura isaliye arahaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAghu ina paJcaparameSThiyoMkA svarUpa ekaeka gAthAke dvArA batalA diyA hai / antameM kahA hai ki tapa, zruta aura vratoMkA dhArI AtmA hI dhyAna karanemeM samartha hotA hai, ataH dhyAnakI prAptike liye sadA tapa, zruta aura vratoMmeM lIna honA cAhiye / isa taraha granthakAra ne bahuta hI saMkSepameM jaina darzanake mUla tattvoMkA kathana isa grantha meM kiyA hai / laghu dravya saMgrahake antakI gAthAmeM granthakArane apanA nAma nemicanda gaNi diyA hai aura vRhadravya saMgrahakI antima gAthAmeM apanI laghutA prakaTa karate hue doSa rahita aura zrutase paripUrNa muninAthoMse prArthanA kI hai ki ve alpazrutadhara nemicandra munike dvArA race hue dravya saMgrahako zuddha kara leM / jaina paramparAmeM nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI nAmake eka bahuta bar3e AcArya ho gaye haiM / jinhone gommaTasAra jaise mahAna granthoMkI racanA kI hai / isa dravya saMgrahako bhI unakI hI racanA samajhA jAtA thA / dravya saMgrahake aMgrejI anuvAdakI bhUmikA meM zrIzaraccandra ghoSAlane ise unhIM kI kRti batalAyA hai / kintu usakI samAlocanA karate hue zrI paM0 jugala kizorajI mukhtArane jaina hitaiSI, bhAga 13, aMka 12 meM isakA virodha kiyA hai / unhoMne purAtana jaina vAkya sUcIkI apanI prastAvanA meM ( pR0 92-94) usake nimnakAraNa batalAye haiM / 1. dravya saMgrahake kartAkA 'siddhAnta cakravartI ke rUpameM koI prAcIna ullekha nahIM miltaa| saMskRta TIkAkAra brahmadevane bhI unheM siddhAnta cakravartI nahIM likhA,

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tattvArthaviSayaka TokA-sAhitya . 341 kintu siddhAntideva likhA hai| siddhAntI honA aura bAta hai aura siddhAntacakravartI honA dUsarI bAta hai| siddhAnta cakravartI pada siddhAntI yA siddhAnti deva padase bar3A hai| 2. dUsare gommaTasArake kartA nemicandrAcAryane apane granthoMmeM apane guru athavA guruoMkA nAmollekha avazya kiyA hai / parantu dravyasaMgrahameM vaisA nahIM pAyA jaataa| ___3. tIsare, TIkAkAra brahmadevane apanI TIkAke prastAvanA vAkyameM jo isa granthake race jAnekA vivaraNa diyA hai, vaha saba aise DhaMgase aura aisI tafasIlake sAtha diyA hai ki use par3hate hue yaha khyAla Aye binA nahIM rahatA ki yA to brahmadeva usa samaya maujUda the jaba ki dravyasaMgraha taiyAra kiyA gayA, athavA unheM dUsare kisI khAsa vizvasta mArgase ina saba bAtoMkA jJAna prApta huA thA aura isa liye ise sahasA asatya yA apramANa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| aura jabataka isa kathanako asatya siddha na kara diyA jAye taba taka yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki grantha unhIM nemicandrake dvArA racA gayA hai jo ki cAmuNDarAyake samakAlIna the; kyoM ki unakA samaya IsAkI 10vIM zatAbdI hai jaba ki bhojakAlIna nemicandrakA samaya IsAkI 11vIM zatAbdI baiThatA hai| 4. cauthe, dravya saMgrahake kartAne bhAvAsravake bhedoMmeM pramAdako bhI ginAyA hai aura aviratake pA~ca tathA kaSAyake cAra bheda grahaNa kiye haiM / parantu gommaTasArake kartAne pramAdako bhAvAsravake bhedoMmeM nahIM mAnA aura aviratake (dUsare hI prakArase) bAraha tathA kaSAyake 25 bheda svIkAra kiye haiN| mukhtAra sAhabake dvArA upasthita kiye gaye cAroM hI kAraNa sabala hai / ataH jaba taka koI prabala pramANa prakAzameM nahIM AtA taba taka dravyasaMgrahako gommaTasArAdike kartA nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIkI kRti nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| TIkAkAra brahmadevake prAstAvika kathanake anusAra dravya saMgrahake kartA nemicandra siddhAnti deva dhArAnagarIke adhipati rAjA bhoja devake samakAlIna the| dhArAdhipati rAjA bhoja apanI vidvattA aura vidvatpriyatAke kAraNa ati prasiddha haiM / inakA rAjya kAla vi0saM0 1076se vi0 1112 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH yadi brahmadevakA ukta kathana ThIka hai to ukta samayameM dravya saMgrahakI racanA siddha hotI hai| aba hama dekheMge ki anya AdhAroMse ukta kathana kahA~ taka pramANita hotA hai| 1. paM0 AzAdharane apane' anagAra dharmAmRtakI TIkAmeM 'uktaM ca' karake kaI gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiM jo dravya saMgrahakI hai| eka gAthA to 'tathA coktaM dravya saMgrahe'pi' likhakara uddhRta kI hai| paM0 AzAdharane usakI prazastimeM TIkA kI samA1. ana0 dharmA0 TI0, pR0 4, 112, 116, 118

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342 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ptikA kAla vi0 saM0 1300 diyA hai / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki vi0 saM0 1300 se pUrva dravya saMgrahakI racanA ho cukI thI / 2. jayasenAcAryane paJcAstikAyakI' TIkAke prArambhameM dravya saMgrahakA ullekha kiyA hai tathA usakI racanAyeM mobhA (soma) zreSThIko nimitta batalAyA hai / jayasenAcArya vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha meM hue haiN| ataH dravya saMgrahakI racanA unase pUrva ho cukI thI / 3. jayasenAcAryane paJcAstikAyakI TIkA ( pR0 253 ) meM tattvAnuzAsana nAmaka granthakA ullekha kiyA hai| zrI rAmasenane isa tattvAnuzAsanakI racanA yadyapi saMskRtake anuSTup zlokoMmeM kI hai tathApi usameM pA~ca padya AryAchandameM bhI haiM / jinameM se cAra isa prakAra haiM 'dharmAdi zraddhAnaM samyaktvaM jJAnamadhigamasteSAm / caraNaM ca tapasi ceSTA vyavahArAd muktiheturayam ||30|| nizcayanayena bhaNitastribhirebhiryaH samAhito bhikSuH / nopAdatte kiJcinna ca muJcati mokSaheturasau // 31 // yo madhyasthaH pazyati jAnAtyAtmAnamAtmanAtmanyAtmA / dRgavagamacaraNarUpasya nizcayAnmuktiheturiti jinoktiH / / 32 / / sa ca muktiheturiddho ghyAne yasmAdavApyate dvividho'pi / tasmAdamyasantu dhyAnaM sudhiyaH sadApyapAsyAlasyaM // 33 // ' inameMse Adike tIna padya to paJcAstikAyakI nIce uddhRta tIna gAthAoMke saMskRta rUpAntara hai dhammAdI saddahaNaM sammattaM NANamaMgapuvvagadaM / ciTThA tava mhi cariyA vavahAro mokkhamaggo tti // 160 // NiccayaNayeNa bhaNido tihi tehi samAhido hu jo appA | kurNa kiMci vi aNaM Na muryAdi so mokkhamaggotti // 161 // jo caradi NAdi picchadi appANaM appaNA aNaNNamayaM / so cAritaM gANaM daMsaNamidi Niccido hodi // 162 // tattvAnuzAsanake racayitAne yatra tatra kucha zAbdika parivartana kara liyA hai kintu yaha spaSTa hai ki unake ukta tIna padya ukta tIna gAthAoMko hI sAmane rakhakara race gaye hai aura isIliye unheM AryA chandoMmeM rakhAgayA hai / isI taraha cauthA padya dravyasaMgrahakI nIce likhI gAthAko sAmane rakhakara racA gayA hai / 1. ' anyatra' dravya saMgrahAdI mobhA zreSThayAdi jJAtavyam - paJcAsti 0TI0, pR0 6

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 343 duvihaM pi mokkhahe zANe pAuNadi jaM muNI NiyamA / tamhA payattacittA jUyaM sANaM samanbhasaha / / 47 // ataH dravya saMgraha jayasenake dvArA nidiSTa tattvAnuzAsanase bhI pahale racI gaI hai / tattvAnuzAsanakA samaya abhI taka nizcita nahIM ho sakA hai| phira bhI itanA nizcita pratIta hotA hai ki vaha amRtacandrake aura saMbhavatayA ,devasenake pazcAt racA gayA hai| dravyasaMgrahake anusaraNase dravya saMgraha aura TIkAkAra jayasenake madhyameM usakA racA jAnA saMbhava hai / ataH TIkAkAra brahmadevake dvArA nirdiSTa rAjA bhojake samayameM dravya saMgrahako racanA honA saMbhava pratIta hotA hai| 4. dravyasaMgrahakI eka vRtti prabhAcandrakRta upalabdha hai| yaha prabhAcandra vahI pratIta hote haiM jinhoMne nyAya kumudacandra tathA prameyakamala mArtaNDa Adi TIkAgranthoMkI racanA kI thii| prazastiyoMke anusAra unhoMne prameyakamala mArtaNDakI racanA bhojarAjAke rAjyakAlameM aura nyAyakumudacandra, gadyakathAkoza, puSpadantake mahApurANa para TippaNa tathA samAdhitaMtra TIkAkI racanA jayasiMha devake rAjyameM kI thii| ____ ataH bhoja rAjAke rAjyakAlameM dravya saMgraha racI jA cukI thI yaha nizcita hai / brahmadevake anusAra bhoja rAjAke rAjyakAlameM hI dravyasaMgrahakI racanA huI hai| aba dekhanA yaha hai ki rAjA bhojake samayameM koI nemicandra saiddhAntI nAmake vidvAn hue haiM yA nahIM ? mukhtAra sAhabane likhA hai ki-'eka AcArya nemicandra IsAkI gyArahavIM zatAbdImeM hue haiM jo vasunandi saiddhAntikake gurU the aura jinheM vasunandi zrAvakAcArameM jinAgamarUpI samudrakI belA taraMgose dhUyamAna ora sampUrNa jagatameM vikhyAta likhA hai| Azcarya tathA asaMbhava nahIM jo ye hI nemicandra dravyasaMgrahake kartA hoM, parantu yaha bAta abhI nizcita rUpase nahIM kahI jA sakatI, Adi / ( purA0 0 vA0 sU0, prastA0 10 94 ) / isa sambandhameM ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki ina nemicandrake gurUkA nAma nayanandi' hai| ina nayanandine apabhraMzabhASAmeM sudarzana carita nAmakA grantha racA hai usakI antima prazastimeM likhA hai ki isa granthakI racanA vikrama sambat 1100 meM dhArA nareza bhojadevake samayameM huI hai| nayanandi mANikyanandike ziSya the| inhIM mANikyanandike ziSya prabhAcandra the aura unhoMne apane gurUke dvArA racita parIkSAmukhasUtroM para prameyakamala mArtaNDa nAmaka grantha racA thaa| ye hI prabhAcandra 1. dekho, anekAnta, varSa 8, ki0 8-9 meM 'AcArya mANikyanandike samaya para abhinava prakAza' zIrSaka lekha /

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344 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa dravyasaMgrahakI vRttike racayitA haiM / yadi dravyasaMgraha prabhAcandrake gurubhAI nayanandike ziSya nemicandrakI racanA hai to kahanA hogA ki nemicandrane apane gurU nayanandike dvArA racita sudarzanacarita ke samakAla meM hI dravyasaMgrahakI racanA kara DAlI thI, tabhI to prabhAcandra usakI vRtti raca sakate haiN| yadyapi aisA honA asaMbhava nahIM hai tathApi apane ziSya tulya nemicandrake dvArA racita dravyasaMgraha para prabhAcandra ke dvArA vRttikA racA jAnA aura dravyasaMgrahake racayitAke liye mahAmuni saiddhAntika jaise vizeSaNokA prayoga kiyA jAnA cittako lagatA nahIM hai / aura ukta vipratipattiyoMke hote hue bhI yahI sandeha hotA hai ki dravyasaMgrahake racayitA nemicaMdra prasiddha siddhAnta cakravartI nemicandra hI to nahIM hai| aisA na hone para bhI unake samakAlameM dravyasaMgrahakA racA jAnA saMbhava hai| prabhAcandra kRta tattvArthavRti TippaNa' vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdhameM prabhAcandra nAmake eka mahAn granthakAra ho gaye haiN| inhoMne mANikyanandike parIkSAmukha sUtroM para prameyakamalamAtaNDa nAmaka aura akalaMkadevake laghIyastraya para nyAyakumudacandra nAmake mahAna dAzanika granthoMkI racanA kI hai / isIse 'prathita taka granthakAra' ke rUpameM unakI prasiddhi hai| unake gurukA nAma padmanandi saiddhAntika thaa| prAyaH apanI pratyeka racanAke antameM unhoMne apane gurukA nAma smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha dhArA nagarIke nivAsI the prameyakamala mArtaNDa aura nyAya kumudacanda' Adi 1. anekAntake prathama varSakI cauthI kiraNameM 'purAnI bAtoMkI khoja' ke antargata paM0 jugula kizorajI mukhtArane isakA sarvaprathama paricaya diyA thaa| hameM isakI eka prati paM0 paramAnandajI dillIke dvArA avalokanArtha prApta huI thI jo unhoMne sahAranapurake lAlA jambUprasAdajIke mandirake bhANDArakI pratise kI hai| aba yaha bha0 jJAnapIThase savarthasiddhike sAtha prakAzita ho gayA hai| 2. inake sambandhameM vizeSa rUpase jAnaneke liye nyAyakumudacandra ke donoM bhAgoM kI prastAvanA dekhanA cAhiye / 3. 'zabdAmbhoruhabhAskaraH prathitatarkagranthakAraH prabhAcandrAkhyo munirAja paNDita varaH'-zrava0 zilA0 naM0 40 (64) / 4. 'zrIbhojadevarAjye zrImad dhArAnivAsinA"zrImatprabhAcandra paNDitena"" parIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtamiti / ' 5. 'zrI jayasiMha devarAjye zrImaddhArA nivAsinA''zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena ""nyAyakumudacandro"kRtaH /

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tattvArthaviyayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 345 ke antameM pAye jAne vAle prazasti vAkyoMmeM isa bAtakA spaSTa nirdeza hai / tathA jayasiMha deva aura bhojadevake rAjyakA bhI nirdeza haiM / paramAra rAjA bhojadevakA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 1076 se vi0 1112 taka mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki bhojadevake utarAdhikArI jayasiMhakA vi0 saM0 1112 kA dAnapatra milA hai / ina prabhAcandrane aneka choTe-bar3e granthoMkI racanA kI hai| unameMse eka 'tattvArtha vRtti pada' nAmakA choTA sA kintu mahattvapUrNa grantha bhI hai / isameM pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka tattvArtha vRtti ke aprakAzita padoMko vyakta kiyA gayA hai / yaha bAta isake Adya maMgala zlokase bhI prakaTa hotI hai / yathA 'siddhaM jinendra malamapratimaprabodhaM trailokya vaMdyamabhivaMdya gataprabandham / durvAradurjayatamaH prati bhedanAkaM tattvArthavRttipadamaprakaTaM pravakSye // ' granthake antameM prazasti bhI hai, jo isa prakAra haijJAnasvacchajalassuratnanicayazcAritravIcicayaH siddhAntAdisamastazAstrajaladhiH zrIpadma nandiprabhuH / tacchiSyAnnikhilaprabodhajanakaM ( naM) tattvArthavRtteH padaM suvyaktaM paramAgamArthaviSayaM jJAtaM ( jAtaM) prabhAcandrataH // zrI padma nandi saMddhAntaziSyo'neka guNAlayaH / prabhAcandrazciraM jIyAt pAdapUjyapade rataH // munIndurnanditAdidannijamAnandamandiram / sudhAdhArodgiranmUrtiH kAmamAmodayajjanam / / isa prazastikA prathama zloka nyAyakumuda candra prazastike caturtha zlokase milatA huA hai aura dUsarA zloka prameyakamala mArtaNDakI prazastike caturtha zloka jaisA hI hai, kevala antima caraNameM antara hai / cU~ki prameyakamala mANikyanandike sUtra granthakI vyAkhyA hai / ataH usameM caturtha zlokakA antima caraNa 'ratnanandi paderataH' hai aura tattvArthavRtti pUjyapAdakI racanA hai / ataH usake dUsare zlokakA antima caraNa pAdapUjyapade rataH ' hai / isa prazastise yaha siddha hai ki 'tattvArtha vRttipada' unhIM prabhAcandrakA hai / jinhoMne ukta do mahAna granthoMkI racanA kI thii| aise mahAn dArzanika granthoMke racayitAke dvArA tattvArtha sUtrapara svakIya vRtti na likhakara sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka tattvArtha vRtti ke aprakaTita padoMko spaSTa karanekI bAtase kucha logoMko Azcarya ho sakatA hai / kintu prabhAcandra jaise manISI granthakArake dvArA piSTapeSaNakA kArya

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346 : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa saMbhava nahIM thA / tattvArtha sUtra para pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhi, akalaMka devake tattvArtha vArtika aura vidyAnandike tattvArtha zloka vArtika jaisI mahAna TIkA granthoMke hote hue usa para eka naI TIkA likhanemeM ukta TIkAkAroMke dvArA kahI huI bAtoMko hI prakArAntarase kahanA par3atA, jaisA ki pIcheke anya TIkAkAroMko kahanA par3A hai / ata: prabhAcandrane sarvArthasiddhike aprakaTita padoMko spaSTa karake ucita kiyA hai / vAstava meM sarvArthasiddhike aneka pada bahuta gUr3ha haiM aura unake spaSTIkaraNake liye isa prakArake eka TippaNa granthakI AvazyakatA thI / apabhraMza bhASAke mahAkavi puSpadantakRta mahApurANa para bhI unhoMne isa prakArakA eka TippaNa grantha racA hai jo unakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA tathA guNagrAhakatAkA paricAyaka hai | phira tattvArtha vRttike aprakAzita padoMko spaSTa karane vAlA yaha choTA sA grantha mAtra TippaNa grantha hI nahIM hai, kintu usake dvArA aneka saiddhAntika gutthiyoM para vidvattApUrNa prakAza bhI DAlA gayA hai aura usase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki padmanandike ziSya dArzanika prabhAcandra jaina siddhAnta ke bhI pUrNa marmajJa the / isIse unakA yaha grantha bhI aneka Agamika granthoMke uddharaNoMse bharA huA hai / jinakI saMkhyA 50 se Upara hai aura jinameM kasAya pAhur3a jaise siddhAnta grantha takakI gAthA vartamAna hai / kaI uddhRta gAthAe~ aisI bhI haiM jo upalabdha granthoMmeM nahIM pAI jAtI / sarvArthasiddhimeM sabase vistRta vyAkhyA satsaMkhyA' Adi sUtrakI hai, usameM SaTkhaNDAgamake antargata anuyogadvAroMke AdhAra para saiddhAntika vivecana hai / prabhAcandrake isa tattvArthavRtti padake bhI phuliskepa AkArake 33 pRSThoMmeMse eka caturthAMza pRSTha ukta sUtrakI TIkAse sambaddha hai / aura unameM aneka mahattvapUrNa saiddhAntika carcAeM bhI hai| pratyeka adhyAyake TippaNa jude-jude haiM aura tattvArthasUtra ke sambaddha sUtrakA nirdeza karake TippaNa diyA gayA hai jisase use khojane meM kaThinAI nahIM hotI / pratyeka adhyAyake TippaNakI samAptipara tattvArthasUtrakI taraha hI adhyAyakI samAptikA sUcaka sandhivAkya diyA huA hai yathA 'iti prathamodhyAyaH samAptaH / ' isa TippaNameM AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIke gommaTasAra granthase aneka gAthAeM uddhRta hai / tathA amitagatike saMskRta paMJcasaMgrahakA bhI eka zloka uddhRta hai / amitagatine apanA paMcasaMgraha vi0 saM0 2073 meM samApta kiyA hai / ataH usake pazcAt hI prabhAcandrane yaha TippaNa racA hai / AcArya nemicandra aura amitagati donoM vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIke vidvAn the aura prabhAcandra amitagatike laghu samayakAlIna the /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 347 prabhAcandrakRta TIkAtraya kundakundake pravacanasAra, paJcAstikAya aura samayasAra para bhI prabhAcandrakRta TIkAeM upalabdha haiM , kintu abhI taka unakA prakAzana nahI huA hai / pravacanasAra para upalabdha TIkAkA nAma 'pravacanasAra saroja' bhAskara' hai / granthakI avAntara sandhiyoMmeM tathA antameM yaha nAma pAyA jAtA hai| yathA-iti zrI prabhAcandra viracite pravacanasArasarojabhAskare zuddhopayogAdhikAraH samAptaH / ' isI taraha paJcAstikAyakI TIkAkA nAma paJcAstikAya pradIpa hai| yathA-'iti zrI prabhAcandra viracite paJcAstikAyapradope mokSamArganavapUdArthacUlikAdhikAraH smaaptH|' ina tInoM hI TIkAoMmeM gAthAoMkA kevala zabdArtharUpa vyAkhyAna hai aura samayasArakI TIkAke eka antima padyameM 'vyAkhyAtaH sa parisphuTAmaladayA zabdArthato nirmala:' likhakara yaha bAta vyakta bhI kara dI hai| isa vyAkhyAnase gAthAke pratyeka zabdakA artha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| amRtacandrakI TIkAmeM zabdArtharUpa vyAkhyAna nahIM hai ataH usake par3hanese yadyapi kundakundakA hArda spaSTa ho jAtA hai tathApi gAthAgata pratyeka zabdakA artha spaSTa nahIM hotaa| sambhavatayA usI kamIkI patike liye prabhAcandrane tInoM TIkAoMkI racanA kI hai| isIse unakI TIkAoMmeM lambe caur3e varNanAtmaka vAkya nahIM haiM kevala khaNDAnvaya rUpase gAthAkA vyAkhyAna mAtra hai| kintu jahA~ kahIM dArzanika carcA AI hai vahA~ barAbara dArzanika prabhAcandrakI dArzanika zailIkA hI darzana hotA hai| isakA nirdeza Age kiyA jaayegaa| amRtacandra tathA jayasenakI TIkAoMke sAtha tulanA karanese yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jahA~ amRtacandrakI TIkAkA prabhAva pravacana saroja bhAskara vagairaha para hai, vahA~ prabhAcandrakI TokAoMkA prabhAva jayasenakI TIkAoM para hai| kintu prabhAcandrake dvArA svIkRta gAthAoMkA parimANa na to amRtacandrase hI mela khAtA hai aura na jayasenase hii| amRtacandra ke dvArA svIkRta gAthAoMse prabhAcandrake dvArA 1. ina TIkAoMkI eka prati hameM jayapurastha zrI mahAvIra atizaya kSetrake anusandhAna vibhAgase paM0 kastUracandajI kAzalIvAla dvArA prApta huI thI jisameMse pra0 sa0 bhA0 kI prati 1577 saM0 kI likhI huI hai| samayasAra kI TIkAkI prati hamane mainapurIke eka mandirameM dekhI thii|

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348 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa svIkRta gAthAoMkI saMkhyA jayasenakI taraha adhika hone para bhI ekAntataH jayasenase mela nahIM khaatii| prabhAcandrakRta dravyasaMgrahavRtti' __ prabhAcandrane dravyasaMgraha para bhI eka vRtti banAI hai aura yaha vRtti bilkula usI zailImeM racI gaI hai jisa zailImeM ukta tInoM vRttiyAM racI gaI hai| arthAt pratyeka gAthAkA khaNDAnvayake sAtha saMskRtameM zabdArtha mAtra diyA hai aura yatra-tatra AvazyakatAke anusAra kucha vizeSa kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai| isameM bhI anya granthoMse uddharaNa svalpa haiM / eka uddharaNa 'Nijjiya sAso' Adi gAthA 56 tathA 47 kI TIkAmeM hai jo dravya svabhAva prakAzaka nayacakra tathA pAhur3adohAmeM pAyA jAtA hai| gAthA 10 kI TIkAmeM samuddhAtakA lakSaNa go0 jIvakANDase diyA gayA hai| isake sivAya do zloka bhI uddhRta hai jinakA sthala jJAta nahIM ho skaa| isa TIkAmeM vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki TIkAke maMgala zlokakI bhI TIkAkI gaI hai / aisA kyoM kiyA gayA yaha samajhameM nahIM aayaa| ___ ava vicAraNIya yaha hai ki ye cAroM TIkAeM kisa prabhAcandrake dvArA racita haiM, kyA nyAyakumudacandra aura prameya kamala mArtaNDake racayitA prakhyAta prabhAcandrane hI inheM racA hai athavA kisI anya prabhAcandrakI ye kRtiyA~ haiN| isa praznake upasthita honekA kAraNa yaha hai ki ina tInoM TIkAoMmeM prabhAcandrane apane sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM likhaa| nyAya kumuda candra vagairahake kartA prabhAcandrane apanI kRtiyoMmeM prAyaH apaneko pamanandi saiddhAntikakA ziSya batalAyA hai| 'tattvArtha vRtti pada' jaise TippaNa anya takake antameM unhoMne apane guru padmanandikA nirdeza kiyA hai| kintu ina tInoM TIkAoMmeM aisA koI nirdeza nahIM hai / zruta munine apanI prAkRta bhAva tribhaMgIkI prazastimeM kahA hai ki bAlacandra mere aNuvrata guru haiM, abhayacandra siddhAntI mere mahAvrata guru haiM, tathA abhaya aura prabhAcandra mere zAstraguru haiN| isI prazastike antameM unhone prabhAcandra muniko sAratraya' nipuNa (pravacanasAra, samayasAra aura paJcAstikAyameM nipuNa) zuddhAtmarata, virahita parabhAva Adi kahA hai| DaoN0 upAdhye inhIM prabhAcandrako ukta tInoM TIkAoMkA kartA batalAte haiN| aura cUMki zruta munine apane paramAgamasArameM usakA 1. isa vRttikI eka prati Amerake zAstrabhaNDArase hameM dekhane ko mila skii| . 2. 'varasArattayaNiuNo suddhapparao virahiya prbhaavo| bhaviyANaM paDivohaNaparo pahAcaMdaNAma muNI / / ' 3. prava0 sA0 kI aMgrejI prastA0, pR0 108 /

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tatvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 349 racanA kAla zaka saM0 1263 (vi0 saM0 1398) diyA hai ataH DaoN0 upAdhye ina TIkAoMkA racanA kAla IsAkI 14vIM zatIkA prathama caraNa batalAte haiN| kintu sva. paM. mahendra kumArajI' nyAyAcAryane pravacana saroja bhAskarako nyAya kumuda candrake kartA prabhAcandrakI hI kati mAnA hai, aura zrI yuta nAthUrAmajI premI tathA paM0 paramAnandajIkA bhI yahI mata hai / aura hama bhI isI matase sahamata haiM / kAraNa nIce diye jAte hai / 1. pravacanasArasarojabhAskara nAma nyAkumudacandra, prameyakamalamArtaNDa, zabdAmbhojabhAskara jaise nAmoMkA hI vaMzaja pratIta hotA hai| ye tInoM grantha nizcita rUpase padmanandisaiddhAntikake ziSya prabhAcandra racita haiN| 2. pravacanasAra sa0 bhAskarameM hI nahIM, kintu cAroM TIkAoMmeM granthAntaroMse uddhRta padyoMkI saMkhyA atyanta sImita hai, phira bhI pra0 bhAskarameM jo do cAra uddharaNa haiM ve dArzanika haiM / yathA-'nAzotpAdau samaM yadvannAmonnAmo tulAntayoH' 'anena puruSatrAmANyAdvacanaprAmANyamityuktam / zrutamaspaSTatarkaNam ityabhidhAnAt / ye avataraNa unake anya granthoMmeM bhI pAye jAte haiM / vyAkhyAzelImeM bhI dArzanikatAkI pu. hai / yathA -- 'nanu cAtmA pariNAmyevAtaH ki tatra pariNAmaprasAdhanaprayAseneti sAMkhyAH / pariNAma eva vA na tato'rthAntarAtmeti bauddhAstAnpratyAha-(gAthA 10) 'yadi hi dravyaM svayaM sadAtmakaM na syAt tadA svayamasadAtmakaM sattAtaH pRthaka vA ? tatrAdyaH pakSo na bhavati, yadi sat sadrUpaM dravyaM na bhavati tadA asat asadUpaM dhruvaM nizcayena tat bhavati / kathaM kena prakAreNa dravyaM kharaviSANavat / 'havadi puNo aNNaM vA' / atha sattAtaH punaranyadvA pRthak bhUtaM vA dravyaM bhavati tadA tataH pRthagbhUtasyApi sattve sattAkalpanA vyarthA / sattAsambandhatastatsatve cAnyonyAzrayaH-siddha hi tatsattve sattAsambandhamiddhi: tasya va sattvaM ca (?) siddho satyAM tatsatvasiddhiriti / tatsatvasiddhimantareNapi sattAsambandhe khapuSpAderapi tatprasaMgaH / tasmAt dravyaM svayaM sattA-svayameva sadrUpamabhyupagantavyaM na punaH sattAtaH pRthagbhUtaM-' (gA0 2012) ___ yaha zailI barAbara padmanandi ziSya dArzanika prabhAcandrakI hai| paJcAstikAya pradIpameM bhI isa prakArakI zailIke darzana hote haiM / yathA 1. nyA0 ku0 ca0, bhAga 2 kI prastA0, pR0 63 2. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 290 / 3. jai0 pra0 pra0 saM0 kI prastA0, pR0 64 Adi /

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350 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa 'jIvo ti havadi cedA"..." / uvamogavisesido-jJAna darzana lakSaNopayogena vishissttH| anena prakRtiguNA jJAnAdaya ityapArAM (-pAsta) mojhe jJAnAdhabhAva iti ca / prabhuH shuddhaashuddh-prinnaam-prsaadhn-svtNtrH| anena Izvaraprerito gacchet svarga vA zvabhrameva vA' iti nirastaM / kartA-karmaNAM tannimittAtmapariNAmAnAM ca vidhAyakaH / ityanena prakRtereva karmakartRtvaM nAtmana ityekAnto nirastaH / ......" dehametto- nAmakarmavazAdupAttANumahaccharIrapramANo na nonA'bhyadhikaH / anena AtmanaH sarvagatatvaM ca kaNikAdipramitatvaM nirastaM / / dravyasaMgrahako 'jIvo uvaogamao' Adi dUsarI gAthAkI TIkA bhI ukta TIkAse akSarazaH milatI hai| jisase yaha spaSTa rUpase pramANita hotA hai ki donoM TIkAoMke racayitA eka hI prabhAcandra hai / yathA 'jIvasya svarUpamAha-jIvo uvogmo| jIva asti cetanAlakSaNaH svarUpavedakaH / tathA uvaogamao-upayogamayaH jJAnadarzanamayopayogena yuktaH / anena prakRtiguNAH jJAnAdayaH ityapAstaM mokSe jJAnAdyabhAva iti ca |"""tthaa kattA-kartA, keSAM ? karmaNAM tannimitAtmapariNAmAnAM ca kartA, anena prakRterevakarmakartRtvaM nAtmana ityekAnto nirastaH / tathA sadehaparimANo nAmakarmodayavazAdupAttANumahaccharIraparimANo na nyUno nApyadhikaH / anenAtmanaH sarvagatatvaM vaTakaNikAmAtratvaM ca pratyAkhyAtaM / ' ataH ye cAroM TIkAe~ eka hI prabhAcandrakI kRti haiM aura vaha prabhAcandra prasiddha dArzanika hI pratIta hote haiN| unake tatvArtha vRttipadameM gomaTTasArakI aneka gAthAeM uddhRta haiM, dravyasaMgraha vRttimeM bhI samuddhAtake lakSaNavAlI eka gAthA uddhRta pAI jAtI hai jo jIvakANDa kI hai aura eka gAthA dravyasvabhAvaprakAzaka nayacakra kI hai| ye donoM granthakAra dArzanika prabhAcandra ke pUrvaja haiM / aisA eka bhI uddharaNa ina TIkAoMmeM nahIM hai jo prabhAcandrake samayake pazcAtkA ho / ataH unheM dArzanika prabhAcandrakI kRti mAnanemeM koI virodha nahIM hai / AcArya narendrasena aura unakA siddhAntasAra' saMgraha amRtacandrake tattvArthasArakI zailI para AcArya narendrasenane siddhAntasAra saMgraha nAmakA grantha racA hai| kintu zailImeM samAnatA hote hue bhI donoMke nAmoMke anurUpa hI donoMmeM antara hai| tattvArthasArameM tanvArtha sUtra aura usake TIkA 1. siddhAntasAra saMgraha nAmaka grantha jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA zolApurase vi0 saM0 2013 meM prathamabAra prakAzita huA hai| isameM mUlake sAtha hindI anuvAda bhI hai|

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 351 granthoMkA sAramAtra hai tathA usakA viSayAnukrama bhI tattvArtha sUtrake anusAra hI hai| kintu siddhAntasAra saMgrahameM tattvArtha sUtra aura usake TIkA granthoMkA hI sAra nahIM hai balki kucha anya viSayoMkI bhI prAsAMgika carcAeM haiN| tathA viSayAnukrama bhI bhinna hai / ataH tattvArthasArakI taraha usakA siddhAntasAra saMgraha nAma sArthaka hai / kintu 'siddhAntasAra saMgraha' nAma kevala granthako puSpikAkoMmeM hI pAyA jAtA hai mUlagranthameM nhiiN| granthakA prArambha karate hue to granthakArane 'tattvArthasaMgraha vakSye' likhakara tattvArtha saMgrahako racanekI pratijJA kI hai| aura yathArtha meM vahI granthakA mukhya pratipAdya viSaya bhI hai| kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki granthameM kucha anya viSayoMkA bhI samAveza kara dene para usakA nAma siddhAntasAra saMgraha rakha diyA gayA, jo 'tattvArtha saMgraha' nAmase vyApaka arthako liye hue hai| tattvArthasArakI taraha hI pUrA grantha saMskRta bhApAke aSTapa zlokoMmeM nibaddha hai / kevala pratyeka adhyAyake antameM anya chandoMmeM racita saMskRta padya diye gaye haiN| zlokoMkI racanA sarala aura suspaSTa hai| viSayakA pratipAdana bhI sarala aura suspaSTa rItise kiyA gayA hai| viSaya paricaya samasta grantha bAraha adhyAyoMmeM vibhAjita hai| pahale adhyAyameM samyagdarzanakA nirUpaNa hai / samyagdarzanakA lakSaNa samantabhadrake ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI anukRti para racA gayA pratIta hotA hai / yathA 'sadRSTijJAnasadvRttaratnatritayanAyakaiH / kathitaH paramo dharmaH karmakakSakSayAnalaH // 33 // zraddhAnaM zuddhavRttInAM devatAgamaliGginAm / mauDhyAdidoSanirmuktaM dRSTi dRSTivido viduH // 34 // si0 sA0 saM0 / 'sadRSTi jJAnavRttAni dharma dharmezvarA viduH / trimUDhApoDhamaSTAgaM samyagdarzanamasmayam // 4 // ' ra0 zrA0 / granthakArane apane granthake AdimeM svAmI 'samantabhadrake vacanoMko bhI manuSya 1. 'zrImatsamantabhadrasya devasyApi vaco'nagham / prANinAM durlabhaM yadvanmAnuSatvaM tathA punaH // 11 // ' a0 1 / 'zrImatsamantabhadrAdigaNezaH' 'zrImatsAmantabhadra vacanamiti budhaH / -a0 91 si0 sA0 saM0 /

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352 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa janmakI taraha durlabha batalAyA hai| tathA anyatra bhI unakA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki granthakArako unake prati gaharI AsthA thii| mithyAdRSTiyoMkA varNana karate hue granthakArane gopUjA, pIpala vRkSa kI pUjA Adi mithyA kriyAoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai / (ma0 1, zlo0 42-43) / bhAva saMgraha (gA0 263) meM jo samyagdarzanake saMvega nirveda Adi ATha guNa batalAye hai / una AThoMke lakSaNa bhI isa granthameM diye gaye haiN| muniyoMmeM doSa dekhanevAloMkI bhI nindA kI gaI hai (zlo0 84-86) / samyagdarzanake prakaraNameM ye bAteM vizeSa haiN| dUsare adhyAyameM samyagjJAnakA varNana hai| isake prArambhameM hI jJAnako pramANa mAnakara sannikarSa Adiko pramANa mAnanevAle naiyAyika Adike matoMkI AlocanA kI gaI hai| matijJAnake bheda-prabhedoMkA varNana karate hue buddhiRddhike bhedoMkA bhI svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai (34-43 shlo0)| zrutajJAnake varNanameM dvAdazAMgake bheda-prabhedoMkA, tathA aMgavAhyake bhedoMkA svarUpa batalAyA hai| usameM dhavalA jayadhavalAmeM batalAye hue svarUpase kahIM kucha antara bhI hai| jaise, dazavakAlikakA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai| druma puSpita Adi dasa adhikAroMke dvArA jisameM sAdhuoMke AcaraNakA varNana ho vaha dazavakAlika hai| vartamAna zvetAmbaraparamparA mAnya dazavakAlikameM drumapuSpikA Adi dasa adhyAya haiN| zrutajJAnake paryAya paryAyasamAsa Adi bIsa bhedoMkA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| zeSa jJAnoMkA varNana to tattvArtha sUtrakI TokA sarvArtha siddhi aura tattvArtha vArtikake anusAra hI kiyA gayA hai / tIsare adhyAyameM cAritrakA varNana hai / ahisA Adi vratoMke varNanameM granthakArane amitagatike zrAvakAcArakA anukaraNa kiyA jAna par3atA hai / tulanAke liye eka zloka nIce diyA jAtA hai / yo yasya harate vittaM sa tajjIvitahannaraH / bahiraGga hi lokAnAM jIvitaM vittamucyate ||54||-si0 sA0 saM0 / yo yasya harati vittaM sa tasya jIvasya jIvitaM harati / AzvAsakara bAhya jIvAnAM jIvitaM vittam ||61||-ami0 zrA0 6 pari0 / 1. drumpusspitpuurveyNdshbhistvdhikaarkH| sUcakaM sAdhuvRttAnAM dazavakAlika mataM // 141 // -si0 sA0 saM0, a0 2 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 353 steya aura parigraha kA lakSaNa batalAne vAle sUtroM (7.15, 17) kI vyAkhyA meM sarvArthasiddhimeM jo zaMkA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai, use bhI granthakArane jyoM kA tyoM apanA liyA hai| tIsare adhyAyameM ahiMsA Adi vratoM kA sAmAnya kathana karake cauthe adhyAyameM usake aNuvrata aura mahAvrata bhedoMkA nirdeza mAtra karake granthakArane mithyAtva nAmaka zalya kA kathana karane ke vyAjase aneka dArzanika mantavyoMkI carcA vistAra se kI hai| AtmAkI nityatA tathA kSaNikatA, bauddhoMkA zUnyavAda, cArvAkakA jar3avAda, sAMkhyamata, mImAMsakoMkA sarvajJAbhAvavAda, vedakI apauruSeyatA, aura jagat kartRtvavAdakA nirAkaraNa karaneke sAtha granthakArane zvetAmbaroMke kevalI kavalAhAravAda aura strI muktivAda kI bhI AlocanA kI hai| isa taraha yaha adhyAya kevala dArzanika carcAoM se bharA hai| pAMcave adhyAyase jIvAdi tattvoMkA varNana prArambha hotA hai| jIvakA svarUpa batalAte hae use kartA, amarta, bhoktA, svadeha pramANa, upayogamaya, saMsArI aura UrdhvagAmI batalAyA hai| (zlo0 19) / aura likhA hai ki bhATTa aura nAstika jIvako mUrta mAnate haiM isa liye amUrta kahA hai (20) / yoga zuddha caitanyamaya mAnate haiM isa liye upayogamaya kahA hai (22) / sAMkhya jIvako akartA mAnatA hai isa liye kartA pada diyA hai (21) yoga bhATTa aura sAMkhya jIvako vyApI mAnate haiM isaliye svadeha pramANa kahA hai, ityaadi| Age ta0 sU0 ke dUsare adhyAyake TIkA granthoMke anusAra saba kathana kiyA gayA hai| ta0 sU0 ke prathama adhyAyameM cAra nikSepoMkA kathana hai| yahAM zlo0 103-107 meM usako sthAna diyA gayA hai| chaThe adhyAyameM naraka loka kA, sAtaveM meM madhyalokakA, aura AThaveMmeM devalokakA varNana hai / nauveM adhyAyameM ajIva, Asrava, aura bandha tattvakA varNana hai| dasaveM adhyAya meM nirjarA tattvakA varNana karate hue tapake varNanake prasaMgase prAyazcitta kA varNana bahuta vistArase kiyA hai jo anyatra hamAre dekhanemeM nahIM aayaa| vahI isa adhyAyakA mukhya pratipAdya viSaya hai| gyArahaveM adhyAyameM vinayatapase lekara dhyAna tapa kA varNana hai| aura bArahaveM adhyAyameM maraNake bhedoMkA tathA samAdhi maraNakA varNana bhagavatI ArAdhanAke anusAra kiyA hai aura 'ArAdhanAmahAzAstravAcanAdattamAnasaH' likhakara usakA nirdeza bhI kara diyA hai| isa taraha tattvArthasArase isameM adhika viSayoMkA pratipAdana hai| aura tattvArthasArameM carcita viSayoMkA pratipAdana bhI kahIM-kahIM vizeSa vistAra se kiyA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki apane pUrvaja aneka ganthakAroMkI racanAoMkA upayoga isa granthameM

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354 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa yathAsthAna acchI taraha se kiyA gayA hai aura isa prakAra ise sArthaka nAma siddhAntasAra saMgraha diyA hai| ___ isa granthake antameM granthakArane apanI prazasti dI' hai| usase jJAta hotA hai ki lATa vAgar3a saMghameM dharmasena nAmaka digambara munirAja hue| unake pazcAt kramase zAntiSeNa, gopasena, bhAvasena, jayasena brahmasena aura vIrasena hue| vIrasenake ziSya guNasena hue| aura guNasenake ziSya narendrasena AcArya hue| unhoMne isa grantha ko rcaa| zrI jayasena sUrine dharmaratnAkara nAmaka grantha racA hai jo abhI prakAzita huA hai| isakI antima prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki vaha bhI lATabAgar3a saMghake the| tathA unhoMne apanI guru paramparA isa prakAra dI hai-dharmasena, zAntiSeNa, gopasena, bhAvasena aura jayasena / yaha guru paramparA narendrasenake dvArA pradatta guru paramparA se bilkula milatI hai| ataH narendrasena dharmaratnAkarake kartA zrIjayasenake hI vaMzaja the| jayasenane dharmaratnAkarakI prazastike antameM usakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1055 diyA hai / jayasena aura narendrasenake madhyameM brahmasena, vIrasena aura guNasena nAmake tIna AcArya aura hue haiN| narendrasenane apane granthake madhyameM bhI do sthAnoM para vIrasenakA smaraNa kiyA hai aura apaneko vIrasenase 'labdha prasAda' kahA hai| ataH 1. 'zrI dharmaseno'jani tatra sNgh|| tasmAcchI zAntiSeNaH samajani""... zrIgopasenagururAvirabhUt sa tasmAt // 90 // zrIbhAvasenastataH // 91 // khyAta stataH zrIjayasena nAmA"""""paDheM zrIjayasenanAma suguroH zrIbrahmaseno'jani ||92||""tsmaadjaayt guNI kavi vIrasenaH // 93 // zrIvIrasenasya guNAdiseno jAtaH suziSyo guNinAM vizeSyaH / ziSyastadIyojani cArucittaH sadRSTicitto'tra narendrasenaH // tenedamAgamavaco vizadaM nibaddham // 95 / / si0 sA0 saM0, a0 12 / / 2. ...zrImAn so'bhUnmunijananuto dharmaseno gaNIndraH ||3||"tebhyH zrIzAnti SeNaH samajani suguruH pApadhUlIsamIraH ||4||"shriigopsengururaavirbhuut sa tasmAt // 5 // zrIbhAvasenastataH // 6 // tato jAtaH ziSyaH 'jayasenAkhya iha saH |'-jai0 ma0pra0 saM0, bhA0 1, pR0 4 / 3. 'vANendriyavyomasomamite saMvatsare zubhe / / grantho'yaM siddhatAM yAtaH sakalIkarahATake ||'-bh0 sa0, pR0 250 / 4. 'yo'bhUcchIvIraseno vibudhajanakRtArAdhano'gAvavRttiH / tasmAllabdhaprasAde mayi bhavatu ca me buddhivRddhI vizuddhiH // ' -si0 sA0 saM0, pR0 239 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 355 narendrasena vIrasenake samayameM vartamAna the| aura jayasena tathA vIrasenake madhyameM kevala eka brahmasena Ate haiN| ata. jayasenake dharmaratnAkarakI samAptise adhikase adhika 50 varSa pazcAt vIrasenakA samaya mAnanA anucita nahIM hai| ataH narendrasenako vikramako bArahavIM zatAbdIke dvitIya caraNakA vidvAna mAnanA ucita hai / unake granthakA tulanAtmaka dRSTise anuzIlana karanese bhI yahI samaya samacita pratIta hotA hai| 1. amRtacandrake tattvArthasArase narendrasenako siddhAntasAra racanekI preraNA milI yaha bAta donoM granthoMke nAma tathA antaH parIkSaNase spaSTa hai / narendrasenake pUrvaja jayasenane to apane dharmaratnAkarameM amRtacandrake puruSArtha siddhayupAyake aneka padya uddhRta kiye haiM / narendrasenane aisA to nahIM kiyaa| kintu apane siddhAntasArameM prakArAntarase tatvArthasArako apanA liyA hai| * 2. amitagatike zrAvakAcArakA prabhAva siddhAntasAra para hai yaha hama pIche eka udAharaNa dekara batalA Aye haiM / aise udAharaNa aneka haiM / si0 sA0 ke cauthe adhyAyameM jo nidAnake prazasta aura aprazasta bhedoMkA kathana kiyA hai vaha amitagatikA hI akSarazaH RNI hai / ami0 zrA0, a0 7 ke zloka 20-22 kA tathA si0 sA0 a0 4 ke zlo0 246.50 milAna karanese yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| amitagati mAthurasaMghake AcArya the| kASThAsaMghameM nanditaTa, mAthura, vAgar3a aura lATavAgar3a yaha cAra prasiddha gaccha the / aisA surendrakItiracita paTTAvalI meM likhA hai| ataH amitagati aura narendrasena donoM kASThAsaMghI the| amitagatine apanA subhASitaratna saMdoha vi0 saM0 1050 meM racA thA / arthAt vaha dharmaratnAkarake racayitA jayasenake samakAlIna the| 3. nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartIke dvArA racita gommaTasAra tathA trilokasArakA bhI upayoga narendrasenane apanI racanAmeM kiyA pratIta hotA hai| unake jIvatattva viSayaka varNanameM aneka zloka ukta granthoMke gAthAsUtroMke anuvAda mAtra pratIta hote haiM / yathA sohammo varadevI salogavAlA ya dakSiNamariMdA / loyaMtiya savvaTThA tado cudA Nivvudi jaMti / / 548 // 1. 'kASThAsaMgho bhuvikhyAto jAnanti nRsurAsurAH / tatra gacchAzca catvAro rAjante vizrutAH kSitI // ' 'zrI nanditaTasaMjJazca mAthuro bAgar3AbhidhaH / lAr3abAgar3a ityete vikhyAtAH kSitimaNDale ||'-jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 277 /

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356 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa tiriyagadI hiMto bhavaNatiyAdo ya NiggayA jIvA / Na lahaMte te pardAva tevaTTisalAgapurisANaM // 549 || - tri0 sa0 X X zakrAgramahiSI dakSiNendrAzca laukAntAzcyutA nivRtigAminaH // 137 // AjyotiSkAzca ye devAste'nantarabhave na hi / zalAkApuruSA ye tu kecinnivRtigAminaH // 138 // - si0 sA0 saM0 | isIke Age narendrasenane 'yaditthamanutrAdena' likhakara spaSTa bhI kara diyA hai ki unakA kucha kathana anya granthoMkA anuvAda rUpa hai / X zakralokapAlAmarAzca te / nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI bhI jayasena aura amitagatike lagabhaga gurU samakAlIna the / 4. siddhAntasAra saMgrahake caturtha adhyAyameM kevalI bhukti aura strImuktikA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / jahA~ taka hama jAnate haiM di0 jaina parAparAmeM prabhAcandrAcArya ne apane prameyakamala mArtaNDameM ina donoMkA khaNDana kiyA hai aura usIkA anusaraNa narendrasenane bhI kiyA hai| prabhAcandrakA samaya vikramakI 11vIM zatIke uttarArdhase bArahavIM zatI ke pUrvArdha taka ( vi0 saM0 1037 se 1122 taka) nirdhArita kiyA hai / ataH narendrasena prabhAcandra ke pazcAt tatkAla hI hue haiN| unakI pratiSThAtilaka nAmaka eka anya grantha bhI upalabdha hai / tIna anya sUtragrantha tattvArtha sUtrakI racanAne jaina sAhityako jitanA prabhAvita kiyA itanA kisI anya granthane use prabhAvita nahIM kiyA / usake Upara jo vividha vyAkhyA grantha race gaye unhoMne to jaina sAhityako samRddha kiyA hI, kintu uttarakAlameM usase prabhAvita hokara kucha granthakAroMne choTe-choTe sUtra grantha bhI race / aise tIna sUtra grantha hamAre sAmane mudrita rUpameM vartamAna haiM / ye tInoM hI tattvArtha sUtrake anukaraNa para race gaye haiM / inameMse ekakA to nAma bhI tattvArtha sUtra hI hai / ise laghu tattvArtha sUtra kahanA ucita hogA kyoMki yaha usIkA saMkSipta rUpa hai / isake racayitAkA nAma puSpikAoMmeM bRhat prabhAcandra diyA gayA haiM / 1. 'tattvArtha sUtra - isa vRhatprabhAcandra viracita tattvArtha sUtrameM bhI dasa 1. vRhatprabhAcandra viracita isa tattvArtha sUtrako khojakara prakAzameM lAnekA zreya jugalakizorajI mukhtArako haiM / unhoMne vIra sevA mandira dillIse hindI anuvAdake sAtha use sampAdita aura prakAzita kiyA hai /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 357 adhyAya haiN| kintu unameM sUtroMkI saMkhyA kramase 15 + 12 + 18+ 6 + 11 + 14 + 11 + 8+7+5=107 hai| prAyaH adhikAMza sUtra bar3e tattvArtha sUtrake sUtroMke hI saMkSipta rUpa hai / yathA-pramANe dve / / 6 / / ' 'nayAH sapta / / 7 / / ' 'tairadhigamastattvAnAm // 8 // ' sadAdibhizca // 9 // ityAdi / bar3e tattvArtha sUtrake pratyeka adhyAyakA jo viSaya hai, prAyaH vahI viSaya isakA bhI hai| kintu tIsare adhyAyake antameM manuSyoMkA varNana karate hue 'triSaSThi zalAkAH puruSAH' // 14 // ekAdaza rudrAH // 15 // nava nAradAH // 16 // caturvizatikAmadevAH // 17 // ' ina sUtroMke dvArA presaTha zalAkA puruSa, gyAraha rudra, nau nArada aura caubIsa kAmadevoM ko bhI batalA diyA hai / jaina mAnyatAnusAra ye viziSTa puruSa pratyeka utsapiNI aura avasarpiNI kAlameM huA karate haiM / 24 tIrthakara, nau baladeva, nau nArAyaNa nau pratinArAyaNa aura bAraha cakravartI ye vesaTha zalAkA puruSa kahe jAte haiM / isI taraha sAtave adhyAyameM 'zramaNAnAmaSTAviMzatirmUlaguNAH // 5 // aura zrAvakANAmaSTau // 6 // ' ina do sUtroMke dvArA muniyoMke 28 mUlaguNoMkA aura zrAvakoMke 8 mUlaguNoMkA bhI nirdeza kara diyA hai| ye saba kathana bar3e tattvArtha sUtra meM nahIM hai| racayitA-isake racayitA vRhatprabhAcandra kauna haiM aura ve kaba hue haiM, yaha jAnanekA koI sAdhana abhI taka upalabdha nahIM ho sakA hai| kintu itanA to nizcita rUpase pratIta hotA hai ki bar3e tattvArtha sUtrake pazcAt hI usIke anukaraNa para yaha tattvArtha sUtra racA gayA hai / bar3e tattvArtha sUtrameM 'guNa paryayavad dravyam' itanA hI sUtra hai kintu isa tattvArtha sUtrameM 'sahakramabhAvi guNaparyayavad dravyam' itanA sUtra hai / jahA~ anya sUtroMkA saMkSepIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai vahA~ isa sUtrameM vRddhi kara dI gaI hai / isameM guNoMko sahabhAvI aura paryAyoMko kramabhAvI bhI batalA diyA gayA hai| jahA~ taka hama jAna sake hai guNa aura paryAyoMko spaSTa rUpase sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI sarvaprathama akalaMkadevane apana nyAyavinizcayameM batalAyA hai yathA _ 'guNaparyayavad dravyaM te sahakramavRttayaH' aura ukta lakSaNa isIkA anusaraNa karatA jAna par3atA hai| ataH ukta laghu tattvArtha sUtrake kartA vRhatprabhAcandra akalaMkadevake pazcAt hone cAhiye / kintu unake pazcAt bhI aneka prabhAcandra hue hai ataH unameMse kisake dvArA yaha racA gayA hai, vizeSa pramANoMke abhAvameM yaha kahanA zakya nahIM hai| kintu prabhAcandrake sAtha jo bRhat vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai, vaha avazya hI kisI anya prabhAcandrase nivRtti karake sUtrakAra prabhAcandrakA mahattva vyApana karaneke liye lagAyA gayA pratIta hotA hai|

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358 : jenasAhitya kA itihAsa prabhAcandra viracita arhatpravacana - prabhAcandra nAmake kisI AcAryake dvArA racita eka anya sUtra grantha bhI hai jisameM usakA nAma arhatpravacana diyA hai / zAyada inhIMse viccheda karaneke liye ukta prabhAcandrake nAmameM bRhat vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA ho / isa arhatpravacanameM kevala pA~ca adhyAya haiM aura unameM kramase 11 + 20 + 20 + 15 + 18 = 84 sUtra hai / isameM varNita viSaya bhI yadyapi tattvArtha sUtrake anurUpa hI hai kintu usakA koI krama nahIM hai / dUsare usameM pratipAdya vastuoMkI kevala saMkhyA batalAI hai / jaise pahale adhyAyameM likhA hai - 'tatreme SaDjIva nikAyAH // 1 // paMca mahAvratAni ||3|| paMcANuvratAni ||3|| trINi guNavratAni // 4 // catvAri zikSAvratAni // 5 // tistro guptayaH ||6|| paMcasamitayaH // 7 // Adi / arthAt ( tatra ) arhat pravacanameM ye Sar3ajIvoMke cha nikAya haiM, pA~ca mahAvrata haiM, pA~ca aNuvrata haiM, tIna guNavrata haiM, cAra zikSAvrata haiM, tIna guptiyA~ haiM, pA~ca samitiyA~ haiM / isa taraha kevala saMkhyA mAtra batalAI hai / aura viSaya varNana kA koI krama nahIM hai / dUsare adhyAya meM likhA haiM -sAta tattva haiM cAra nikSepa haiM / do tapa haiM Adi / tIsare adhyAyake uttarArdhameM caubIsa tIrthaGkara, nau baladeva, nau 'vAsudeva Adi batalAye haiM | cauthe adhyAyakA prArambha 'devAzcatuNikAyA: ' sUtrase hotA hai / bar3e tattvArtha sUtrakA yahI eka sUtra isameM jyoMkA tyoM apane sthAnapara pAyA jAtA hai / saMbhava hai arhatpravacana ke racayitA prabhAcandrane ukta prabhAcandrakA tavArthasUtra dekhA ho / akalaMkadevane apane tattvArtha vArtika meM ( 2-38) 'uktaM ca arhatpravacane' likhakara usake eka sUtrako uddhRta kiyA hai jisase pratIta hotA hai ki arhatpravacana nAmakA bhI koI sUtra grantha thA / zAyada usIke anukaraNapara prabhAcandrane apane isa sUtra granthako 'arhatpravacana' nAma diyA hai / aura usakA prArambha karate hue likhA hai - 'arhatpravacanasUtraM vyAkhyAsyAmaH - ' arthAt 'arhatpravacana sUtrakA vyAkhyAna kareMge / prathama sUtrake prArambhameM Agata 'tatra' pada usIkA nirdeza karatA hai / jisase prakaTa hotA hai ki arhatpravacanameM jo jo mukhya tattva haiM unheM isameM batalAyA gayA haiM / tadyathA - ' mAghanandi yogIndraracita zAstrasAra samuccaya - eka tIsarA sUtra grantha mAghanandi yogIndra viracita hai| usameM usakA nAma zAstrasAra samuccaya diyA hai / 1. yaha arhatpravacana mA0 pra0 mAlA bambaIse prakAzita siddhAntasArAdi saMgrahameM saMgRhIta hai / 2. yaha grantha bhI mA0pra0 mAlAse prakAzita siddhAntasArAdisaMgraha meM saMgrahIta hai /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 359 isameM cAra adhyAya haiM aura kramase 20 +45 + 66 + 65 = 196 sUtra haiN| isakI dazA bhI arhatpravacana jaisI hI hai| arhatpravacanake tIsare adhyAyake prArambhameM trividhaH kAlaH // 1 // SaDvidhaH kAla samayaH // 2 // ye do sUtra haiM / zA0 sA0 samu. kA prArambhika sUtra haiM-'atha trividhaH kAlo dvividho SaDvidho vaa|' usake aneka sUtra 'arhatpravacana se milate haiM / dUsare adhyAyameM tInoM lokoMkA saMkhyAtmaka varNana hai| tIsare aura cauthe adhyAyameM binA kisI kramake vividha viSayoMkA saMkhyAtmaka kathana hai yathA-'mauna samaya sAta haiM / zrAvaka dharma cAra prakArakA hai / jainAzrama bhI cAra prakArakA hai, brahmacArI pA~ca prakArake hai / Arya karma cha haiM / pUjAke dasa prakAra hai / kSatriyake do prakAra haiM / bhikSu cAra prakArake haiM / muni tIna prakArake haiN|' ___ isa taraha kevala bhedoMkI saMkhyA mAtra batalAI hai / unake nAma nahIM batalAye haiN| isake antameM eka zloka' hai jisameM granthakArane zAsrasAra samuccayako vicitrArtha kahA hai| sacamucameM isameM vicitra arthoMkA kathana hai| tathA granthakArane apanA nAma zrI mAghanandi yogIndra batalAyA hai aura apaneko siddhAntarUpI samudrake liye candramA kahA hai| sva. zrI yuta premIjIne likhA hai ki karnATaka kavi caritrake anusAra eka mAghanandikA samaya vi0 saM0 1317 hai aura unhoMne zAstrasAra samuccayapara eka kanar3I TIkA bhI likhI hai / aura mAghanandi zrAvakAcArake kartA bhI yahI haiM / isase jJAta hotA hai ki zAstrasAra samuccayake kartA mAghanandi inase pahale hue haiM / ataH unakA samaya vikramakI caudahavIM zatAbdIse pahale honA cAhiye / TIkAkAra jayasena kundakundake samayasAra, paJcAstikAya aura pravacanasArake TIkAkAra AcArya jayasenake sambandhameM samayasArakI TIkAke prasaMgase pahale likha Aye haiN| inhoMne paMcAstikAyakI TIkA pahale racI, phira pravacanasArakI TIkA racI / zAyada isIse paMcAstikAyakI TIkAke ArambhameM prathama gAthAkA vyAkhyAna karake unhoMne maMgala, kI vistArase carcAkI hai aura granthAntaroMse tatsambandhI aneka gAthAe~ aura zloka pramANarUpase uddhRta kiye haiN| jinake anusandhAnase pratIta hotA hai ki jayasenane dhavalA TIkA tathA AptaparIkSAkA usameM vizeSa rUpase upayoga kiyA hai| 1. 'zrI mAghanandiyogIndraH siddhAntAmbodhicandramAH / acIracadvicitrArthazAstra sArasamuccayam // 1 // ' 2. jai0 sA0 i0, pR0 415-16 /

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360 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa amRtacandrakI TIkAke sammukha hote hue bhI jayasenakI vyAkhyAna paddhati usase bhinna hai / amRtacandrakI donoM TIkAoMke nAma tattvadIpikA aura tattvapradIpikA haiM aura jayasenAcAryakI donoM TIkAoMkA nAma tAtparyavRtti hai| ye nAma bheda bhI donoMkI vyAkhyA paddhatike bhedako batalAte haiM / jayasena maMgala gAthAoMkA vyAkhyAna karake granthake mukhya adhikAroM aura avAntara adhikAroMkI gAthA saMkhyA pUrvaka viSaya vibhAga batalA dete haiM aura sAthameM amRtacandrako mAnya gAthA saMkhyAkA bhI nirdeza kara dete haiN| yathA, paJcAstikAyakI Adya do gAthAoMkA vyAkhyAna karake unhoMne apane 'upoDAta' meM batalAyA hai ki prathama mahAdhikArameM paMcAstikAya aura chaha dravyoMkA varNana hai tathA usameM 111 gAthAeM haiM aura amRtacandrakI TIkAke abhiprAyAnusAra 103 gAthAe~ haiN| usake Age dUsare mahAdhikArameM sAta tattvoM aura nau padArthoMkA vyAkhyAna hai usameM 50 gAthAeM hai aura amRtacandrakI TIkAke anusAra 48 gAthAe~ haiM / tathA tIsare adhikArameM mokSamArgakA kathana hai| usameM 20 gAthAe~ haiM / isI taraha Age pratyeka mahAdhikArake avAntara adhikAroMkA kathana kiyA hai| usake pazcAt pratyeka gAthAkA zabdazaH vyAkhyAna kiyA hai zabdazaH vyAkhyAnake pazcAt jahA~ Avazyaka hotA hai vahA~ vaha 'tathAhi' Adi likhakara vizeSa kathana karate haiM aura 'atrAha ziSyaH' likhakara zaMkAkA utthAna tathA 'parihAramAha' likhakara usakA samAdhAna bhI karate haiM / yahI paddhati pravacanasArakI TIkAmeM bhI apanAI gaI hai| donoM TIkAoMmeM aneka prAsaMgika carcAeM bhI yathAsthAna kI gaI haiN| yathA, paJcAstikAyameM gAthA 14 kI vyAkhyAmeM saptabhaMgIkI, gAthA 27 kI vyAkhyAmeM jIvakI, gAthA 29 kI vyAkhyAmeM sarvajJatAkI carcA kI hai| isI taraha pravacanasArameM bhI pR0 28 para kevali bhuktikI kucha carcAeM kI gaI hai| dUsare, jayasenajI apanI TIkAoMmeM granthAntaroMse bahutase uddharaNa dete haiN| sabase adhika uddharaNa paMcAstikAyakI TIkAmeM hai| isameM kucha granthoMkA nAmollekha' bhI kiyA hai aura granthakAroMmeM zrI kundakundAcAryadeva aura pUjyapAdakA nAmollekha kiyA hai| jayasenake sammukha prabhAcandrakRta vRttiyA~ bhI thIM aisA barAbara pratIta hotA hai| 1. dravyasaMgraha ( pR0 6-7), caritrasAra aura sarvArthasiddhi TippaNa (pR0 219), tattvAnuzAsana (pR0 212, 253 ), upAsakAdhyayana, AcAra, ArAdhanA, trizaSTizalAkA puruSa purANa, trilokasAra aura lokavibhAga (pR0 254) gommaTazAstra ( pR0 182), mokSaprAbhRta (pR0 211 )|-pnycaa0 TI0 / 2. paJcAsti0 pR0 211 / 3. vahI, pR0 220 /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 361 brahmadevakRta dravyasaMgraha TIkA pIche adhyAtma prakaraNameM paramAtma prakAzakI vRttike prasaMgase brahmadevajIkI zailI tathA samayAdikI carcA kara Aye haiM / unhIM brahmadevakRta dravyasaMgraha TIkA bhI hai / brahmadevajI jayasenakI zailIse prabhAvita haiM yaha bhI pahale likha Aye haiN| phira bhI unakI apanI eka vizeSatA hai aura unakI usa vizeSatAke darzana dravyasaMgrahakI TIkAmeM spaSTa rUpase hote haiN| vaha kevala gAthAkA zAbdika vyAkhyAna hI nahIM karate, balki usake pazcAt 'tathAhi' yA 'ito vistaraH' Adi likhakara isakA vizeSa vyAkhyAna bhI karate haiM aura usameM prakRta carcAse sambaddha viSayakA pAMDityapUrNa vivecana karate haiN| nIce aise vivecanoMkA kucha AbhAsa karAyA jAtA hai-gAthA 5 meM jaina Agamika paramparAke anusAra mati zrutajJAnako parokSa kahA hai| kintu TIkAmeM unheM parokSa athavA sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA hai / 'atrAha ziSyaH' karake usapara yaha zaMkAkI gaI hai ki tattvArthasUtra meM to matizrutako parokSa kahA hai Apane pratyakSa kaise kahA / 'parihAramAha' likhakara usakA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki tattvArthasUtrameM utsarga kathana hai aura yaha apavAda kathana hai / jisa matijJAnako tattvArthameM parokSa kahA hai taka zAstrameM use hI sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA hai / yaha kathana akalaMkadevakI uktiko lakSyameM rakhakara kiyA hai| akalaMkadevane hI apane laghIyastraya Adi granthoMmeM indriyajanya jJAnako vyavahArase pratyakSa kahA hai| isI taraha gAthA 44 kI vyAkhyAmeM likhA hai- 'evaM tarkAbhiprAyeNa sattAvalokanadarzanaM vyAkhyAtam ata UrdhvaM siddhAntAbhiprAyeNa kathyate / ' arthAt 'sattAsAmAnyake avalokanako darzana kahate haiM' darzanakI yaha vyAkhyA to tarkazAstrake abhiprAyase kI hai / Age siddhAntake abhiprAyase darzanakA svarUpa kahate haiN|' bIrasena svAmIkI dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAoMke prakAzameM Anese pUrva darzanakA siddhAntAbhimata svarUpa dravya saMgrahakI brahmadeva racita TIkAmeM hI dekhA jAtA thaa| unake prakAzameM Ane para yaha jJAta huA ki brahmadevane ukta svarUpa dhavalA-jayadhavalA TIkAoMke AdhAra para likhA hai| kintu brahmadevane siddhAnta granthoMkA Thosa anugama kiyA thA aisA pratIta nahIM hotaa| kyoMki unhoMne gAthA 13 kI TIkAmeM 'guNajIvA pajjati' Adi gAthA ko-dhavala, jayadhavala aura mahAdhavala nAmaka tIna siddhAnta granthoMkA bIjapada kahA hai| kintu unakA yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai / astu,

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362 : jainasAhitya kA itihAsa gAthA 35 kI TIkAmeM bAraha anuprekSAoMkA svarUpa batalAte hue lokAnupekSAke antargata adholoka, madhyaloka aura UrvalokakA pUrA varNana diyA hai jo prAya: trilokasArakA RNI hai| usameM trilokasArake nAmollekhake sAtha hI sAtha kaI gAthAe~ bhI usase uddhRtakI gaI haiM / gAthA 41 kI TIkAmeM samyagdarzana aura usake 25 maloMkA vistRta kathana kiyA hai| isI taraha samasta TIkA saiddhAntika viSayoMkI carcAoMse bharI huI hai| gAthA 42 kI TIkAke antameM unhoMne likhA hai ki yadi isa savikalpa aura nirvikalpa tathA sva para prakAza jJAnakA vyAkhyAna Agama, adhyAtma aura tarkazAstrake anusAra vizeSarUpase kiyA jAye to bar3A vistAra hotA hai aura yaha grantha adhyAtmazAstrakA hai ataH yahA~ vizeSa vyAkhyAna nahIM kiyaa| isase bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki vaha Agama aura adhyAtmake viziSTa abhyAsI honeke sAtha hI sAtha tarkazAstrameM bhI nipuNa the| gAthA 50 kI TIkAmeM unhoMne bhaTTa cArvAka (?) ke dvArA sarvajJakA nirAkaraNa karAkara usakA khaNDana kiyA hai| kintu vAstavameM to vaha adhyAtmarasika the| aura adhyAtma varNanakI unakI zailI amRtacandrakI anugAminI hai| usIke darzana dravyasaMgrahakI TIkAmeM yathAsthAna hote haiN| ___ isa TIkAmeM uddharaNa padyoMkI bahutAyata hai / aneka padyoMke sthaloMkA patA jJAta nahIM ho sakA, phira bhI jo sthala jJAta ho sake unameM kundakundake grantha, paramAtma prakAza, yogasAra, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, iSTopadeza, yazastilaka, AptasvarUpa, trilokasAra aura tattvAnuzAsanakA nAma ullekhanIya hai| gAthA 34 kI TIkAmeM paJcaparameSThI aura paJcanamaskAra nAmaka granthoMkA ullekha hai / paJcanamaskAra nAmaka granthako siddhacakra Adi devArcanavidhirUpa maMtravAdase sambaddha batalAyA hai / yathA "vistareNa paJcaparameSThI grantha kathita krameNa, ativistAreNa tu siddhacakrAdidevArcanavidhirUpamaMtravAdasambandhipaJcanamaskAra granthe c'| gAthA 49 kI TIkAmeM paJcanaskAra granthakA parimANa bAraha hajAra zloka jitanA batalAyA hai ataH yaha koI mahattvapUrNa grantha honA cAhiye / racanAkAla TIkAkAra brahmadevajIke sambandhameM kahIM se kucha jJAta nahIM hotaa| unake 1. 'irda tuvyAkhyAnaM yadyAgamAdhyAtmatarkazAstrAnusAreNa vizeSeNa vyAkhyAyate tadA mahAn vistAro bhavati / sa cAdhyAtma zAstratvAnna kRta iti / '

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA - sAhitya : 363 samayake sambandhameM pahale likha bhI Aye haiM / jaisalamerake bhaNDArameM brahmadevakI dravya saMgraha vRttikI eka prati maujUda hai jo samvat 1485 meM mANDavameM likhI gaI thI / ataH brahmadevajI ke samaya kI antima avadhi samvat 1485 se pUrva ThaharatI hai aura unhoMne dravya saMgraha vRttimeM dhArA nareza rAjA bhojake samayameM dravya saMgrahake race jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai, ataH vaha vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt hue haiM / unakI TIkAoMpara jayasenakA bahuta prabhAva hai / jayasenane apanI TIkAe~ vi0 saM0 1200 ke pazcAt racI haiM kyoMki apanI paJcAstikAya TIkA ( pR0 8 ) meM unhoMne vIranandike AcArasArake cauthe adhyAyake 95-96 nambarake padya uddhRta kiye haiM aura vIranandine apane AcArasArakI kanar3I TIkA vi0 saM0 1210 meM pUrNa kI thI / ataH cUM ki jayasena vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdhameM hue haiN| isa liye brahmadeva usake pazcAt hI hue / dravya saMgraha gAthA 13 kI TIkAmeM cauthe guNa sthAnakA jo varNana hai / vaha paM0 AzAdharajIke eka zlokase prAyaH zabdazaH milatA hai / yathA 'nijaparamAtmadravyamupAdeyam indriyasukhAdi paradravyaM hi heyamityarhatsarvajJapraNIta nizcayavyavahAranayasAdhyasAdhakabhAvena manyate paraM kintu bhUmirekhAdi sadRzakrodhAdidvitIyakaSAyodayena mAraNanimitaM talavaragR hota taskaravadAtmanindAsahitaH sannindriyasukhamanubhavatItyaviratasamyagdRSTelaMkSaNam / ' - dravya saM0 vRtti / isakI tulanA paM0 AzAdharajIke nIce likhe zlokase kIjiye - bhUrekhAdisadRkkaSAyavazago yo vizvadRzvAjJAyA heyaM vaiSayikaM sukhaM nijamupAdeyaM tviti zraddadhat / cauro mArayituM dhRtastalavareNevA''tmanindAdimAn zarmAkSaM bhajate rujatyapi paraM nottapyate so'pyadhaiH // 33 // - sAgAradharmAmRta adhyA0 1 / 1 1296 meM pUrNa kI thI / itanA sAmya ekake dvArA dUsareko dekhe vinA akasmAt saMbhava nahIM hai / kintu kisane kisako dekhA hai, yaha nizcita pramANoMke binA kaha sakanA saMbhava nahIM paM0 AzAdharajIne apane sAgAradharmAmRtakI TIkA vi0 saM0 ataH vaha vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIke uttarArdhameM hue haiM yaha sunizcita hai / aba yadi ukta zloka unhoMne dravyasaMgraha vRttiko dekhakara racA hai taba to brahmadeva jayasena aura AzAdharake madhyameM vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdI meM hue haiM / aura yadi brahmadevane sAgAra dharmAmRtako dekhA hai to yaha vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt hue haiN| isameMse prathamakI hI vizeSa saMbhAvanA hai / antameM eka bAta aura bhI likha denA Avazyaka hai / brahmadevajIne apanI

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364 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa TIkAmeM dravya saMgrahakI kisI anya vRttikA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| aura na unakI TIkA para dravya saMgraha vRttikA koI vizeSa prabhAva hI parilakSita hotA hai / tathApi gAthA 10 kI TIkAmeM jo samudghAta tathA usake sAta bhedoMkA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai vaha donoM TIkAoMmeM zabdazaH milatA hai| kintu prabhAcandrakRta vRttimeM usakI anya zailI jitanI suvyavasthita hai utanI brahmadevakI TIkAmeM nahIM hai / yathA-'ko'tra dRSTAntaH yathA pradIpo mahadbhAjanapracchAditastadbhAjanAnantaraM prakAzayati laghubhAjanapracchAditastad bhAjanAnantaraM prakAzayati iti / kinta asahamahado samuddhAta saptakaM varjayitvA tatrANugurutvAbhAvaH / samudghAtabhedAnAhaveyaNakasAya' / ' [-prabhA0 vR0] 'ko'tra dRSTAntaH (akSarazaH samAna hai)" prakAzayati / punarapikasmAt asamuhado asamudghAtAt vedanAkaSAyavikriyA' 'samudpAtavarjanAt / tathA coktaM sptsmudghaatlkssnnN-veynnksaay...|' rekhAMkita padoMkA milAna karanese ukta bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai / ataH brahmadevajIne prabhAcandrakRta vRttiko dekhA ho yaha saMbhava ho sakatA hai / bhAskara nandikI tattvArtha' sUtravRtti ___ tattvArtha sUtrakI yaha vRtti eka tarahase pUjyapAdakI sarvArtha siddhikA hI rUpAntara hai / TIkAkArane usIkA akSarazaH anusaraNa kiyA hai aura yatra-tatra akalaMka devake tattvArtha vAtika tathA kucha anya grandhakAroMke granthoMse bhI usameM AdAna kiyA gayA hai| kintu jo kucha liyA gayA hai usako sundara DhaMgase suniyojita karake aisA rUpa diyA gayA hai jise dekhakara TIkAkArakI vidvattA tathA surucipUrNa zailIkA prabhAva pAThakapara par3atA hai| jaise, prathama sUtrakI vyAkhyA karate hue TIkAkArane anya vAdiyoMke dvArA mAne gaye mokSake upAyoMkA citraNa tathA samIkSA karate hue somadeva racita yazastilaka campUke chaThe AzvAsase kaI pRSTha jyoMke tyoM aura yathAyogya parivartanake sAtha apanA liye haiM / sUtra 3-10 kI vyAkhyAmeM tattvArtha vArtikase videha kSetrakA varNana saMkSepameM bar3e sundara DhaMgase diyA gayA hai| sUtra 3-38 kI vyAkhyAmeM bhI tattvArtha vArtikase laukika aura lokottara pramANoMkA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha sarvArtha siddhi TIkAke anusaraNake sAtha-sAtha tattvArtha vArtikake bhI Avazyaka aMzoMko isameM saMgRhIta kara kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI isakA pramANa sarvArthasiddhise bar3A nahIM hai| aura saMskRta bhASA to sarvArthasiddhi tathA tattvArtha vAtikake hI anu 1. isakA prakAzana maisUra yUnivarsiTIse huA hai /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 365 isa vRttimeM jisako TIkAkArane sukhabodha vRtti nAma diyA hai, eka ullekhanIya vizeSatA yaha hai ki sarvArtha siddhike prArambhameM pAye jAne vAle maMgala zloka 'mokSa mArgasya netAraM' Adiko tattvArtha sUtrakA maMgala zloka batalAkara usakA bhI vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / yathA-..."tattvArthasUtrapadavivaraNaM kriyate tatrAdau namaskAra zlokaH... "asya samudAyArthaH kathyate / ' isase pUrvako kisI TIkAmeM na to isa maMgala zlokako tattvArtha sUtrakA maMgala zloka kahA hai aura na kisIne usakI vyAkhyA hI kI hai| kintu isake pazcAt jo vRttiyAM racI gaI haiM unameM ukta maMgala zlokako tattvArtha sUtrakA hI mAnakara usakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai jaisA ki Age jJAta ho skegaa| ___ isa TIkAmeM granthAntaroMse uddhRta padyoMkI saMkhyA bhI pacAsase kama nahIM hai| unameMse anekoMkA mUlasthala jJAta nahIM ho sakA / jina sthaloMko jAnA jA sakA hai unameM somadevake yazastilaka campU (vi0 saM0 1016) nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI (vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArSa) ke trilokasAra aura gommaTasAra, amita gatike paJca saMgraha (vi0 saM0 1073) aura vasunandi (vikramakI vArahavIM zatI) ke zrAvakAcArakA nAma ullekhanIya haiM / __ isa TIkAke racayitAkA nAma paNDita bhAskara nandi hai| TIkAko antima prazastimeM TIkAkArane apane gurukA nAma jinacandra diyA hai aura unheM siddhAntakA pAragAmI tathA cAritrase bhUSita batalAyA hai| tathA puSpikAoMmeM mahAsaddhAnta jinacandra bhaTTAraka nAma diyA hai / prazastimeM jinacandra bhaTTArakake gurukA nAma sarvasAdhu diyA hai aura likhA hai ki sarvasAdhune saMnyAsa pUrvaka maraNa kiyA hai| isake sivAya TIkAkArane apane sambandhameM aura kucha bhI nahIM likhA / jinacandra nAmake aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| eka jinacandra candranandike ziSya the| kannar3a kavi ponnane (950 I0) apane zAnti purANameM unakA ullekha kiyA hai| kintu yaha jinacandra candranandI munike ziSya the| eka jinacandra siddhAnta sArake racayitA haiM / unake sambandhameM bhI kucha vizeSa jJAta nahIM hotaa| eka jinacandra dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcArake kartA meghAvIke guru aura pANDava purANake kartA zubhacandrAcAryake ziSya the / tiloya paNNattikI dAna prazastimeM medhAvIne apanI guru 1. tasyAsot suvizuddhadRSTivibhavaH siddhAntapAraGgataH, ziSyaH zrI jinacandra nAma kAlitacAritrabhUSAnvitaH / ziSyo bhAskaranandinAmavibudhastasyAbhavat tattvavit, tenAkAri sukhAdibodhaviSayA tattvArthavRttiH sphuTam // ' 2. jai0 ma0pra0 saM0 (bhAga 1) kI prastA0 pR. 35 / jai0 sA0 i0, pR. 378 / tattvA0 sukha0 vRttikI prastA0 pR0 47 /

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366 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa paramparAkA paricaya dete hue unheM zubhacandrakA ziSya batalAyA hai / yaha dAna prazasti vi0 saM0 1519 meM likhI gaI hai aura usa samaya jinacandra maujUda the / cUMki yaha jinaca ndra zubhacandrake ziSya the ataH yaha bhI bhAskaranandike guru nahIM ho sakate / cauthe jinacandra ve haiM jinakA nAma zravaNabelagolAke zilA lekha naM0 55(69) meM dvitIya mAghanandi AcAryake pazcAt AyA hai / paM0 e0 zAntirAja zAstrIne sukhabodha vRttikI apanI prastAvanAmeM binA kisI upapattike inhIM jinacandra ko bhAskaranandikA guru hone kI saMbhAvanA kI hai aura likhA hai ki vaha mAghanandi AcArya 1250 meM jIvita the aisA ullekha hai / ata: kinhIM vidvAnoMne unake uttara kAla bhAvI jinacandrAcAryakA kAla 1275 mAnA hai / kintu zAstrIjIne yaha nahIM spaSTa kiyA ki yaha kauna samvat hai / zravaNabelagolAke ukta zilAlekhakA saMbhAvita samaya lagabhaga zaka saM0 1022 ( vi0 saM0 1157 ) hai / usameM ullikhita mAghanandikA samaya 1250 kaise ho sakatA hai / karnATaka kavicariteke anusAra eka mAdhanandikA samaya I0 san 1260 ( vi0 saM0 1317) hai / ve mAghanandi zrAvakAcArake kartA hai aura unhoMne zAstrasArasamuccayapara kanar3ImeM TIkA likhI hai / zAstrIjIkA abhiprAya zAyada unhIMse hai / kintu ukta zilAlekhameM ullikhita mAghanandi unase bhinna hai aura isalie unake pazcAt ullikhita jinacandrakA bhI vaha samaya nahIM ho sakatA jo zAstrIjIne likhA hai / aura binA kisI AdhArake ina jinacandrakI bhAskaranandikA guru bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / ukta zilAlekhameM jinacandrako vyAkaraNameM pUjyapAdake tulya, tarkameM akalaMkake tulya aura kavitAmeM bhAravike tulya batalAyA hai / kintu bhAskaranandike guru to mahA saiddhAnta the, usakA zilAlekhameM koI nirdeza nahIM hai / ataH usake AdhArapara bhAskaranandikA samaya nirdhArita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / usakA AdhAra to unakI TIkA hI ho sakatI hai / bhAskaranandi pUjyapAda, akalaMka aura vidyAnandake pazcAt hue haiM yaha unakI TIkAke maMgala zlokameM Agata 'vidyAnandAH ' padase spaSTa hai / unhoMne yazastilaka ( vi0 saM0 1017 ), gommaTasAra, saMskRta paJcasaMgraha ( vi0 saM0 1073 ) aura vasunandi zrAvakAcArase padya uddhRta kiye haiM / vasunandi vikramakI bArahavIM zatAbdIke vidvAna haiM / ataH bhAskaranandi usake pazcAt hI kisI samaya hue haiM / tattvArtha sUtra kI do aprakAzita TIkAe~ tattvArthasUtra apanI vizeSatAoMke kAraNa apane janmakAlase hI atyadhika

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. tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 367 lokapriya rahA hai / usapara pUjyapAda devanandine sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka TIkA saMskRtameM rcii| aura sarvArthasiddhiko garbhita karake akalaMkadevane tattvArthavArtika jaisA mahAn dArzanika grantha rcaa| tathA svAmI vidyAnandane tattvArthazlokavAtika grantha rcaa| ina tInoM TIkA granthoMmeM tattvArthasUtrake rahasyoMke udghATanake sAtha hI sAtha tatkAlIna jaina tathA jainetara vicAradhArAoMkA citraNa tathA nirasana bar3e paNDityapUrNa DhaMgase kiyA gayA hai / ina tInoM mahAn TIkA granthoMke pazcAt bhI tattvArthasUtrapara aneka choTI bar3I TIkAe~ vibhinna granthakAroMne racI, kintu una sabameM prAyaH sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavAtikakA hI carvitacarvaNa pAyA jAtA hai / aisI do TIkAeM mujhe dekhanekA saubhAgya prathama vAra hI prApta huA hai| ye donoM TIkAgrantha dehalIke dharmapurAke lAlA harasukharAya zuganacandajIke mandirake zAstra bhaNDArase lAlA pannAlAlajI agravAla dvArA prApta hue the| inameMse eka TIkA ke racayitA paM0 yogadeva haiM / isa TIkAkA nAma sukhaboSa hai| TIkAkA Arambha karate hue unhoMne mahAvIra svAmIko namaskAra karate hue likhA hai vinATasarvakarmANaM . mokSamArgopadezakam / tadguNodbhUtilAbhAya sarvajJaM jagato gurum / / 1 / / AlambanaM bhavAmbhodho patatAM prANinAM param / praNipatya mahAvIraM labdhvA (bdhA)'nanta catuSTayam / / 2 / / saMkSepitAgamAvyAsAM (?) mugdhabuddhi prabodhikAm / sukhabodhAbhidhAM vakSye vRtti . tattvArthagocarAm // 3 // arthAt-'mokSamArgake upadeSTA, sarvakarmoMse rahita, jagatake guru, saMsArarUpI samudrameM gire hue prANiyoMke Alambana, ananta catuSTayake dhArI bhagavAna mahAvIrako una guNoMkI prAptike lie namaskAra karake, mugdhabuddhi janoMke prabodhake lie sukhabodha nAmakI tattvAryasUtrakI saMkSipta vRtti khuuNgaa|' Age likhA hai-pAdapUjya-vidyAnandAbhyAM yat vRttidvayamuktaM tat kevalatAMgamapAThakarabalAbAlAdibhirjJAtuM na zakyate / tataH saMskRta-prAkRta-pAThakAnAM sukhajJAnakAraNaM vRttiriyamabhidhIyate / ' arthAt-pAdapUjya aura vidyAnandane jo do vRttiyA~ racI haiM, ve tarka aura Agamase bharapUra haiM / ataH unase anabhijJa striyA~ aura bAlajana unheM nahIM par3ha skte| isa lie saMskRta aura prAkRtake pAThakoMko sukhapUrvaka jJAna karAneke lie yaha vRtti racI jAtI hai|'

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368 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa isa taraha maMgala, vRttikA nAma tathA uddeza batalAne ke pazcAt 'mokSamArgasya netAram' Adi zlokakI vyAkhyAse isa vRttikA Arambha hotA hai / yaha zloka sarvArthasiddhike prArambhameM pAyA jAtA hai / kintu pUjyapAdane usakI vyAkhyA nahIM kI aura tattvArthavAtika tathA tattvArtha zloka vArtikameM to ukta zloka hI nahIM AtA hai| jisase pratIta hotA hai ki ukta maMgala zloka sarvArtha siddhikArakA honA caahie| kintu uttarakAlIna prAyaH sabhI TIkAkAroMne, jo vikramakI terahavIM zatAbdImeM tathA usake pazcAt hue hai, ukta maMgala zlokako sUtrakArakA mAnakara usakI bhI vyAkhyA kI hai| yogadevakI vRtti sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavAtikako hI sAmane rakhakara racI gaI hai; kyoMki usakA donoMke sAtha zabdazaH mela pAyA jAtA hai| phira bhI unhoMne pAdapUjyake sAtha akalaMkadevake nAmakA ullekha nahIM kiyA, yaha dekhakara Azcarya hotA hai| vRtti saMskRtameM hai aura sUtrake mAtra bhAvArthako spaSTa kara denA hI usakA prayojana jAna par3atA hai| kahIM-kahIM prasaMgavaza kucha vizeSa kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai, kintu vaha saba ukta donoM granthoMkA hI RNI hai| eka tarahase ise sarvArtha siddhikA saMkSipta saMskaraNa kaha sakate haiM / bhASA sAdhAraNa hai, zabdoMmeM ulaTaphera karadeneke kAraNa sarvArthasiddhikA mAdhurya aura sauSThava isameM nahIM hai / paricayake lie nIce do sUtroMkI TIkAeM dI jAtI haiM1. tattvArtha zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / / 2 / / yena svarUpeNa jIvAdyartho vyavasthitastenaiva pratIyamAnatattvArthaH, tasya zraddhAnaM tattvArthe viparItAbhinivezAbhAvAt samyagdarzanaM samyaktvaM // 2. -pramANanayaradhigamaH // pramANanayAnane AcAryoM vizeSeNa bhaNiSyati / pramANena nayaizca jIvAditattvArthAnAMmadhigamo nizcayo bhavati / ukta do uddharaNoMse yaha nahIM samajha lenA cAhie ki saba bhUtroMkI TIkA itanI saMkSipta hai| aisI saMkSipta TIkAke udAharaNa to kama hI haiN| isakI pratikI pRSTha saMkhyA 148 hai / pratyeka pRSThameM 10 paMktiyA~ haiM aura pratyeka paMktimeM battIsa akSara haiM / ataH TIkA lagabhaga 1500 zloka pramANa hai| TIkAkI antima prazAsti isa prakAra hai 'zuddhedvatapaHprabhAvapavitrapAdapaparajaHkiMjalkapuJjasya manaH koNakadezakoDIkRtAkhilazAstrArthAntarasya paNDitazrIbandhudevasyaguNaprabandhAnusmaraNajAtAnugraheNa pramANanayanirNItAkhilapadArthaprapaJcAna zrImad bhujabala bhImabhUpAlamArtaNDasabhAyAmanekapAlabdha tarkacakrAMkalkenAvalAnarAdInAmAtmanazcopakArArthena (yaM na ) pAMDityamadavilAsAt

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 369 sukhabodhAbhidhAM vRtti kRtAM bhaTTArakeNa kumbhanagaravAstavyena paMDitazrIyogadevena prakaTayantu saMzodhayantu budhA yadatrAyuktamuktaM kiJcinmativibhramasaMbhavAditi / chaH pracaMDa paMDitamaMDalI maunavratadIkSAguroryogadevaviduSaH kRto sukhabodhatattvArthavRttI dazamaH pAdaH samAptaH / samApteyaM sukhabodhavRttiH paMDita shriiyogdevkRtaa|' isase prakaTa hotA hai 'paNDita yogadeva bhaTTAraka the, aura kumbhanagarake nivAsI the / bhUpAla mArtaNDa bhujabala bhImako sabhAmeM unheM pratiSThA prApta thI / unake sAmane pracaNDa paNDita maNDalI mUka ho gaI thI / zrI paNDita bandhudevake anugraha se unheM jJAna prApta huA thaa|' yaha paNDita yogadeva kaba hue haiM, khojane para bhI isakA koI anusandhAna nahIM mila skaa| inhoMne apanI TIkAmeM kisI granthakA uddharaNa bhI nahIM diyaa| bhAskara nandikI tattvArtha TIkAkA nAma bhI sukhabodha hai / yaha TIkA maisUra se prakAzita ho cukI hai| hamane nAma sAmyake kAraNa usake sAtha bhI isa TIkA kA milAna kiyaa| kintu donoMmeM hameM koI sAmya nahIM milA / ataH inake samaya ke viSayameM abhI kucha likhane meM hama asamartha haiM / kintu isakI eka prati jayapurake seTha vadhIcandrajIke mandirameM vi0 saM0 1638 kI likhI huI hai| ataH isase pUrva hI isakA racA jAnA nizcita hai / ___ tattvArtha sUtrakI dUsarI TIkAkA nAma tattvArtha ratna prabhAkara hai| isake prArambhameM TIkAkArane eka prAkRta gAthAke dvArA maMgalAcaraNa karaneke pazcAt 14 zloMkoMke dvArA isa TIkAkI utpattikA vRttAnta tathA apanA paricaya diyA hai| likhA hai-isI vikhyAta bhArata dezake harana nAmaka janapadameM sunAma nAma kA nagara hai| vahA~ Arya nayasenakI paramparAmeM dharmacandra nAmake bhaTTAraka hue, jo kASThAsaMdhI the| unake paTTapara prabhAcandra hue| eka dina vaha dharmakA upadeza de rahe the, kAlhuke putra sAdhu hAvAne praNAma karake nivedana kiyA ki munivara tattvArthakA kathana kareM / taba prabhAcandrane apanI alpajJatA batalAye hue tattvArthakA kathana kiyaa| vahA~se vaha vihAra karake sakITa nAmake nagarameM Aye aura jinAlayameM Thahara gye| vahA~ lambakaJcukAnvayameM sAdhu sakatukA putra monikA thA jo vidvAna aura guNI thA usane nivedana kiyA-munivara mere Age sarala tattvArtha kA kathana kreN| taba bhaTTAraka prabhAcandrane tattvAthasUtrake isa sugamArtha TippaNakI racanA kii| racanAkAla Adi-isa pranthake antameM bhI prazasti hai / usameM likhA hai ki jambUdvIpake bhArata dezameM paJcAla nAmakA deza hai, jo jaina tIrthose suzobhita hai| 24

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370 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kASThAsaMghameM bhaTTAraka surendra vagairaha tathA munIzvara hemakIrti hue| hemakItike paTTapara dharmacandra hue / unake paTTapara prabhAcandra hue| eka bAra bihAra karate hue bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra sakITa nAmake nagarameM pdhaare| usa nagarake zrAvaka bar3e dharmAtmA dAnI aura gurubhakta the| vahA~ke jinAlayameM bhagavAna RSabhadevakA pratibimba thaa| prabhAcandrane apane manameM vicArA ki koI uttama kAvya racA jAye / taba sambat 1489 meM bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamIko ravivArake dina vizAkhA nakSatra meM prabhAcandrane jaina nAmaka brahmacArike liye isa tattvArtha TippaNako rcaa| isa tattvArtha ratna prabhAkara nAmake tattvArtha TippaNakI tIna pratiyA~ hamAre sAmane upasthita haiN| unameMse do pratiyA~ dharmapurA dillIke naye mandirakI hai| aura eka prati seThake kUceke mandira kI hai| seThake kUceke mandirako prati aura naye mandirako A0 6 ( ka ) prati prAyaH samAna haiN| kintu naye mandirakI dUsarI prati A0 24 ( ka ) ke prArambhameM na to maMgala gAthA hai aura na ve 13 zloka hI hai jinameM TIkAkI utpattikA vivaraNa Adi diyA hai| una sabake sthAnameM 'kAlyaM dravyaSaTka', 'siddhajayappasiddhe', 'ujjavaNamujjavaNaM' ina tIna padyoMkI vyAkhyA hai| ye padya aura unakI vyAkhyA ukta donoM pratiyoMmeM nahIM hai| unakA prArambha 'mokSamArgasya netAraM' Adi zlokakI vyAkhyAse hotA hai| aura vahA~se tInoM pratiyA~ samAna hai| isa prakArakA antara kaise par3A, kahA nahI jA sktaa| _ vijJa pAThaka jAnate hai mUla tattvArtha sUtrakI jo pratiyA~ sarvatra pAI jAtI haiM una sabake prArambhameM ukta tIna padya prAyaH pAye jAte haiM / ve tInoM padya tattvArtha sUtrake nahIM hai yaha nizcita hai| kaba, kaise, kisake dvArA ye padya tattvArtha sUtrake prArambhameM jor3a diye gaye, yaha abhI taka ajJAta hai| kintu tattvArtharatnaprabhAkara kI eka pratike ArambhameM inakI vyAkhyA pAI jAnese yaha siddha hotA hai ki yadi yaha vyAkhyA ta0 pra0 ke kartAkI hI hai to vikramakI padrahavIM zatAbdImeM athavA usase bhI pahale ukta tIna padya tattvArthasUtrake aMga bana cuke the / astu, yaha TippaNa saMskRta aura hindIkI mizraNa zailImeM likhA gayA hai, yaha isakI bhASA zailIkI vizeSatA hai| saMskRta aura prAkRta mizrita bhASAmeM to dhavalAjaya dhavalA jaise mahAna TIkA grantha upalabdha hai| kintu saMskRtake sAtha hindIke mizraNase racI gaI koI TIkA mere dekhane meM nahIM AI thii| isa TIkAmeM hindI aMza hI adhika hai| prArambhake kucha sUtroMkI TIkA to saMskRtameM hI hai, kintu usake pazcAt mizrita rUpameM hai| kucha udAharaNa nIce diye jAte haiM / 'evaM guNa virAja mAnaM jIva tatvaM, vyavahArI prANa vaza, paJcendriya prANa paMca,

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 371 manavacana kAya prANa tIna, usvAsa nizvAsa prANa eka, Ava prANa eka, evaM vyavahAra naya prANa daza bhavati, nizcaya prANa cAra catvAri bhavanti / ' 'bhAva paMca kathyate / prathama upazama bhAva caturthaguNa sthAna te ekAdazama guNa sthAnalaga hoi / prathama dvitIya tRtIya guNasthAne upazama bhAva bhavati (?) / upazama samyaktvaM na bhavati / kSAyikabhAva caturthaguNasthAna Adi caturdaza guNasthAna aMte bhavati / kSAyika samyaktvaM caturtha guNasthAnAt bhavati / ' 'tatra vAggupti ko'rthaH / bacana kari mAra baMdha na bolaI // 1 // managupti ko vizeSaH mana kari mAra baMdhana vikriya pariNAma citta bijai nAhI // 2 // IryA samiti korthaH / eka daMDa pramANa bhUmi dekhata cAlaI / jIvarakSA nimitte / / 3 / / ___TIkAkAra prabhAcandra saMskRta aura prAkRtake acche vidvAna jJAta hote haiM / aura unakA adhyayana bhI bahuta vistRta jAna par3atA hai kyoMki unakI isa TIkAmeM saMskRta aura prAkRta padyoMke uddharaNa bahuta haiN| aura ve uddharaNa mUlAcAra, gommaTasAra, tattvArthasAra, ArAdhanAsAra, tattvasAra, svAmI kArtikeyAnuprekSA Adi aneka granthoMse diye gaye haiN| phira bhI isa taraha kI saMskRta mizrita hindImeM TIkA karanekA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki jina va. jaina tathA sAdhu hAvAke liye yaha TIkA racI gaI ve saMskRtake pUre jJAtA na hoN| aura saMskRta prAkRtake vidvAna honeke kAraNa bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra tatkAlIna loka bhASAmeM racanA karane meM niSNAta na hoM, Aja bhI kAzImeM saMskRtake vidvAna saMskRta mizrita bhASA bolate hue pAye jAte haiN| tattvArthasUtrako haribhadrIya TIkA tathokta svopajJa tattvArtha bhASyapara eka choTI vRtti bhI hai| isake racayitA haribhadra haiM / kintu yaha vRtti kevala haribhadrAcAryakI hI kRti nahIM hai, balki isakI racanAmeM kama-se-kama tIna AcAryoMkA hAtha hai| jisameMse eka haribhadra bhI haiN| unhoMne sAr3he pAMca adhyAyoMpara vRtti racI hai| isake pazcAt tattvArtha bhASyake zeSa bhAgapara jo vRtti hai usakI racanAmeM do AcAryoMkA hAtha to avazya hai| unameMse ekakA nAma yazobhadra hai aura dUsare unake ziSya haiM jinake nAmakA koI patA nhiiN| yazobhadrake usa ziSyane kevala dasaveM adhyAyake antima sUtrake bhASyapara vRtti likhI hai, haribhadrakI TIkAke pazcAtke zeSa bace bhAgake Upara yazobhadrakI vRtti hai / yaha bAta yazobhadrake ziSyane apanI TIkAmeM svayaM likhI hai / yathA 1. yaha TIkA ratalAmastha zrI RSabhadevajI kesarImalajI nAmaka saMsthAkI orase prakAzita huI hai|

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372 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa 'sUri yazobhadrasya (hi) ziSyeNa samudRtA svabodhArtham / tattvArthasya hi TIkA jaDakAyArjanAghRtA yAtyAM nRr3hatA // 1 // (ryarjunoddhRtA'ntyArdhA ) / haribhadrAcAryeNArabdhA vivRtArdhaSaDadhyAyAzca / pUjya punaruddhRteyaM tattvArthAddhasya TIkAntye // 2 // ti, . "etaduktaM bhavati haribhadrAcAryeNArddhaSaNNAmadhyAyAnAmAdyAnAM TIkA kRtA, bhagavatA tu gandhahastinA siddhasenena navyA kRtA tattvArtha TIkA, navyarvAdasthAnAkulA, tasyA eva zeSamuddhRtaJcAcAryeNa (zeSaM mayA) svabodhArtha, sA'tyantagurvI ca DupaDupikA niSpannetyalaM prasaGgena |'-(hri0 TI0, pR0 521) / 'arthAt haribhadrAcAryane Adike sAr3he pAMca adhyAyoMkI TIkA banAI / bhagavAna gandhahastI siddhasenane tattvArthakI naI TIkA racI jo naye vAdoMse bharapUra hai| usIko uddhata karake AcArya yazobhadra ne aura zeSa maiMne apane bodhake liye vRtti rcii| siddhasenakI TIkA atyanta gurvI hai so usameM avataraNa karaneke liye yaha DupaDupikA TIkA niSpanna huii| ___ aba prazna yaha hai ki isa TIkAke Adya racayitA haribhadra kauna haiM aura ve kaba zvetAmbara paramparAmeM haribhadra nAmake aneka granthakAra hue hai| kintu una sabameM mUrdhanya yAkinI sUnu bhavavirahAMka haribhadra hI haiN| aura paramparAse nanheM hI isa laghuvRttikA racayitA mAnA jAtA hai| Upara jo isa TIkAke antima bhAgase eka uddharaNa diyA hai usase bhI aisA hI pratIta hotA hai kyoMki usameM siddhasenakRta TIkAko 'navyA' kahA hai| zrI AtmAnanda janma zatAbdI smAraka granthamAlAke prathama puSpake rUpameM tattvArtha sUtrakA paM0 sukhalAlajI kRta jo hindI vivecana prakAzita huA hai usakI prastAvanAmeM (pR. 47-54) paMDitajIne bhI yazobhadra sUrike ziSyake Upara uddhRta vacanoMke AdhArapara vistArase prakAza DAlakara yahI natIjA nikalA hai ki ve haribhadra yAkinI sUnu hI ho sakate haiM, dUsare nahIM / kintu jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maMDala vArANasIse prakAzita tattvArtha sUtra vivecanake saMskaraNakI bhUmikAmeM (10 42-43) paMDitajIne ukta lambI carcAko sthAna na dekara kevala itanA hI likhA hai'zvetAmbara paramparAmeM haribhadra nAmake kaI AcArya ho gaye haiM jinameMse yAkinIsUnu rUpase prasiddha saikar3oM granthoMke racayitA A0 haribhadra hI isa choTI vRttike racayitA mAne jAte haiN| parantu isa bAremeM koI asaMdigdha pramANa abhI hamAre sAmane nahIM

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 373 hai| muni zrIjambUvijayajIne haribhadra vRtti aura siddhasenIya vRtti donoMkI tulanA kI hai aura batalAyA hai ki haribhadrane siddhasenIya vRttikA avalambana liyA hai| agara yaha bAta ThIka hai to kahanA hogA ki siddhasenakI vRttike bAda hI haribhadrIya vRttikI racanA huI hai|' isase prakaTa hai ki ukta TIkAke racayitA haribhadrakA vyaktitva aura samaya abhI taka anirNIta hI hai| hamane haribhadrIya vRtti aura siddhasenIya vRttikA milAna karake dekhA to barAbara yaha pramANita huA ki eka ke racayitAne dUsarekI kRtiko na kevala dekhA hai kintu usakA anusaraNa bhI kiyA hai aura aisA karane vAlA vyakti haribhadra hI hai, siddhasena nahIM / kintu haribhadrane siddhasenakA andhAnukaraNa nahIM kiyA, unake anukaraNameM bhI unake vyaktitvakI chApa suspaSTa pratIta hotI hai / tathA unakI TIkAmeM kaI eka bAteM aisI bhI haiM jo TIkAkArakI dArzanikatA tathA svataMtra vyaktitvakI paricAyaka haiM / nIce aisI kucha bAteM dI jAtI haiN| 1. sUtra 1-3 kI TIkAmeM bhASyameM Agata 'anAdo saMsAra' padakA vyAkhyAna karate hue donoM TIkAkAroMne sRSTi kartRtvakA khaNDana kiyA hai| siddhasenane usI prasaMgameM siddhi vinizcaya gata sRSTi parIkSAko dekhanekI bAta likhI hai kintu haribhadrane 'nirNItametadanyatra' anya granthameM isakA nirNaya kiyA hai, itanA mAtra likhA hai| aisA likhanA lekhakake vyaktitvakA paricAyaka hai| isase yaha bhI Azaya nikalatA hai ki TIkAkArane svayaM kisI anya granthameM ukta viSayakA vicAra kiyA hai / aise prasaMga do eka aura bhI milate haiM / yathA-sUtra 1-19 kI TIkAmeM likhA hai-'nAyanarazmividhAnaM manonirgamanaM cAnyatra nirAkRtamiti nehAbhidhIyate' / arthAt A~khoMse kiraNeM nikalatI haiM aura mana bAhara jAtA hai isakA khaNDana anyatra kiyA hai isa liye yahA~ nahIM kahate / ' yadi TIkAkArake ina ullekhoMkA Azaya svayaM apane dvArA anyatra likhe jAne se hai taba to aisA likhane vAle haribhadra yAkinI sUnu hI ho sakate haiM / kintu unake upalabdha granthoM meM hameM ukta carcAe~ dekhane ko nahIM mila sakI ! 2. sUtra 1-3 kI hI TIkAmeM yaha zaMkA kI gaI hai ki jaba sabhI jIvoMke sAtha karmakA sambandha anAdi hai to jIvoMko kAlabhedase samyagdarzanakI prApti kyoM hotI hai ? isake samAdhAnameM kahA gayA hai ki samyagdarzanakA lAbha viziSTakAla, svabhAva, niyati, karma aura puruSakAra rUpa sAmagrIse hotA hai aura vaha sAmagrI pratyeka jIvakI bhinna-bhinna hotI hai| isI prasaMgameM siddhasena divAkarake sanmati takase 1. AtmAnanda prakAza, varSa 45, aMka 10, pR0 193 /

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374 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa 'kAlo sahAva NiyaI Adi gAthA bhI uddhRta kIgaI hai, siddhasenIya TIkAmeM yaha carcA nahIM hai| 3. sUtra 1-4 ke bhASyakA vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki 'aupazamikAdibhAvayuktA.' vizeSaNase niHsvabhAva jIvavAdakA vyavaccheda kiyA hai kyoMki kinhIMkA kahanA hai ki 'niHsvabhAvAH jIvAH saMvRtaH santaH' / dUsaroM kA kahanA hai 'akAryAkaraNaka svabhAvAH' yaha bhI siddhasenIya TIkAmeM nahIM hai| 4. sUtra 1-31 ke bhASyameM 'bhagavato kevalino "anusamayamupayogo bhavati' aisA eka vAkya hai| siddhasena aura haribhadrane 'anu samayaM' kI vyutpatti to samAna hI kI hai / yathA-'anugataH-avyavahitaH samayaH-atyantAvibhAgaHkAlo yatra kAlasantAne sa kAlasantAno'nusamayaH tamanusamayaM' kintu donoMke artha meM AkAza pAtAlakA antara hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki zvetAmbara paramparAmeM Agamika pakSa kevalIke jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga eka sAtha nahIM mAnatA, kramase mAnatA hai / siddhasena kaTTara Agamika pakSI the ataH unhoMne 'anusamayaM kA artha kiyA hai'vAraMvAreNopayogo bhavatIti yAvat / ekasmin samaye kevalajJAnopayoge vRtte tato'nyasmin kevaladarzanopayoga iti sarvakAlamavaseyam / ' arthAt kevalIke vAraMvAra upayoga hotA hai| eka samayameM kevala jJAnopayoga honepara dUsare samayameM kevala darzanopayoga hotA hai isa prakAra sadA hotA rahatA hai|' kintu 'anusamayaM' kA yathArtha artha to prati samaya hai / haribhadrane apanI TIkAmeM yahI artha kiyA hai| yathA-'pratisamayamityarthaH, upayogaH svagrahaNa vyApArI bhavati tataH sadA kevlopyogdvybhaavaat| ataH haribhadra ke anusAra kevalI ke sadA donoM upayoga rahate haiN| isa taraha kI vizeSatAoMke kAraNa laghuvRttike racayitA haribhadra sAdhAraNa vidvAna pratIta nahIM hote| unakI zailImeM bhI apanI vizeSatA hai / udAharaNa tathA tulanAke liye siddhasenIya tathA haribhadrIya TIkAsa eka uddha raNa nIce diyA jAtA hai-'anAdau saMsAra iti ca sRSTi nirasyati / na hi kazcijjagataH sraSTA kartA samasti puruSaH, yathaiva hi tena kenacit sraSTAH prANyAdi (?) mantastathAnye'pi prANinaH / kaJantarAbhyupagame caanvsthaa|"naapi kiJcit sarge jagataH sraSTuH prayojanamasti prekSApUrvakAriNaH / krIr3Adyarthamiti cet kutaH sargazaktiH ? prAkRtatvAt / sukhitadukhitadevanArakasattvotpAdane cAkasmikaH pakSapAto dveSitA ceti |'si0 TI0, bhA0 1, pR0 37 / 'tasminnanAdau saMsAre anena sRSTivAdavyavacchedamAha-sraSTAramantareNa tadanupapatteH, sati cAsmin sa kena sraSTaH ? tadaparAbhyupagamenavasthA, anabhyupagame

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 375 tadvadaparasyAsRSTi: / rAgAdirahitasya ca sraSduH sarjane sarge prayojanabhAvaH krIDA prayojanAGgIkaraNe rAgAdimatvaM sukhitaduHkhitadevAdikaraNe'sthAnapakSapAtaH / tatsvabhAvatvAbhyupagame na cAlAd (na pramANaM, na cAsmAt) kasyacidutpattiH / (ha. TI0, pR0 22-23) / eka haribhadra jayasiMhake rAjyakAlameM hue haiM / unhoMne umAsvAtike prazamarati prakaraNa tathA karmagranthoM Adi para saMskRtameM vRttiyA~ racI hai| kintu tulanA karanese tattvArtha kI vRtti una haribhadrakI pratIta nahIM hotii| cUMki TIkAkAra haribhadrakA vyaktitva anirNIta hai ataH TIkAke racanA kAlakA bhI nirNaya kara sakanA zakya nahIM hai| cUMki siddhasenakI TIkAkA anusaraNa isameM kiyA gayA hai| ataH itanA nizcita hai ki usake pazcAt hI isakI racanA huI hai / siddhasenane apanI TIkAmeM siddhi vinizcayakAto ullekha kiyA hI hai isake sivAya unakI tattvArtha TIkA akalaMkadevake tattvArtha vArtikakI bhI RNI hai yaha hama pahale batalA Aye haiN| tathA siddhasena dvAdazAranayacakrake TIkAkAra siMhasUrake praziSya the aura siMhasUra vikramakI sAtavIM zatAbdImeM avazya vartamAna the| akalaMkadeva bhI unake laghusamakAlIna the / ataH siddhasena vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdIke vidvAna the / yAkinIsUnu haribhadrakA samaya bhI vikramakI 8vIM9vIM zatAbdI sunizcita hai| yadi ukta haribhadrIya TIkA yAkinIsUnu haribhadra racita hai to usakA racanAkAla bhI yahI hai / anyathA vikramakI AThavIM zatAbdIke pazcAt kisI samaya vaha racI gaI hai| tathA pravacana sAroddhAra vRtti (vi0 saM0 1148) meM tathA ca tattvArtha mUla TIkAyAM haribhadrasUriH' karake haribhadrIya TIkAkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai ataH isase pahale usakA racA jAnA siddha hotA hai / yazobhadra aura unake ziSya haribhadrane sabhASya tattvArtha sUtra ke 5 // adhyAyoMpara hI vRtti racI hai| zeSa adhyAyoMpara vRtti yazobhadra aura unake kisI ajJAta nAma ziSyane racI hai| yaha bAta yazobhadrasUrike ziSyake vacanoMse spaSTa hai yaha hama Upara batalA Aye haiN| yazobhadrane bhI haribhadrakA hI anusaraNa karate hue usI zailImeM apanI vRtti racI hai| sAdhAraNa rItise dekhanepara yaha pratIta nahIM hotA ki zeSa vRttike racayitA koI bhinna vyakti haiM / yazobhadrane bhI siddhasenakI tattvArtha vRttikA hI anusaraNa vizeSa rUpase kiyA hai aura bahutase sthaloMko zabdazaH jyoM kA tyoM apanA liyA 1. jai0 sA0 saM0, varSa 1, aMka 1 /

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376 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa hai / haribhadrakRta 5 / / adhyAyoMkI vRttikA jitanA parimANa (274 pRSTha) ha~ / lagabhaga utanA hI parimANa (262 pRSTha) yazobhadrakI 4 || adhyAyoMkI vRttikA hai / aura uddhRta vAkyoMkI saMkhyA to haribhadrakI vRttise tigunI hai / siddhasenakI vRtti meM Agata eka bhI uddharaNako yazobhadrane nahIM chor3A hai / zvetAmbara paramparAmeM yazobhadra' nAmake bhI aneka AcArya hue haiM / eka yazobhadra to zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke guru the / dUsare yazobhadra sADeraka gacchake the / unakA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1029 meM huA thaa| tIsare yazobhadra sthAnaka prakaraNake racayitA pradyumnasUrike guru the / yaha pUrNatalla gacchake the / cauthe yazobhadra vRhadgacchake sarvadevasUrike ziSya the / pA~caveM yazobhadra rAjagacchake dharmaghoSasUrike ziSya the / chaThe yazobhadra candragaccha meM hue / isameMse prastuta yazobhadra kaunase haiM, yaha ajJAta hai / eka yazobhadrane haribhadrake SoDaSaka prakaraNake Upara vRtti racI hai / kintu prastuta yazobhadra ke sAtha unakA aikya bhI vicAraNIya hai / yazobhadrake jisa ziSyane antima sUtra para vRtti racI usakA to nAma bhI jJAta nahIM hai / ataH usake sambandhameM kucha kaha sakanA zakya nahIM hai / usakI vRtti bhI usake gurukI taraha siddhasenakI vRttikA saMkSepIkaraNa mAtra hai / zrutasAgara sUri jaina paramparAmeM granthakAra prAyaH saMsArase virakta munijana hI vizeSa hue haiM / kintu uttarakAlameM bhaTTArakasampradAyakA pravartana hone para bhaTTArakoMmeM bhI aneka viziSTa granthakAra hue haiM / unameM zrutasAgara sUrikA nAma ullekhanIya hai; kyoMki unhoMne anya aneka choTI bar3I racanAoMke sAtha tattvArtha sUtra para bhI eka zrutasAgarI nAmakI vRtti racI hai / yaha vRtti aneka dRSTiyoMse mahatvapUrNa hai aura apane racayitAkI vidvattAkA khyApana karatI hai / zrutasAgarane apanI racanAoMke antameM apane gurU AdikA nAma diyA hai / ve mUlasaMgha, sarasvatIgaccha, balAtkAragaNameM hue haiM / unake gurUkA nAma vidyAnandi thA / vidyAnandike gurUkA nAma devendrakIti aura devendrakIrtike gurukA nAma padmanandi thA / ye balAtkAra gaNakI sUrata zAkhAke bhaTTAraka the / vidyAnandike pazcAt mallibhUSaNa bhaTTAraka hue| ina mallibhUSaNake upadezase zrutasAgarane yazodharacarita, mukuTasaptamI kathA aura patyavidhAna kathA AdikI racanA kI thI / zrutasAgarane apaneko dezavratI, brahmacArI yA varNI likhA hai / tathA navanavati 1. jaina0 sA0 saM0 i0 (gu0) ke pariziSTameM 'yazobhadra' /

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tattvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 377 mahAvAdi bijetA, tarka-vyAkaraNa-chanda-alaMkAra siddhAnta-sAhityAdi zAstra nipuNa, prAkRta vyAkaraNAdi aneka zAstra caMcu, ubhayabhASA kavicakravartI, tAkikaziromaNi, paramAgamapravINa Adi vizeSaNoMse alaMkRta kiyA hai| tattvArthavRttike antima sandhivAkyameM unhoMne likhA hai ki maiMne zlokavAtika, sarvArthasikhi, nyAyakumuda candrodaya, prameyakamalamArtaNDa, rAjavArtika, pracaNDa aSTasahanI Adi granthoMkA gambhIratAse adhyayana kiyA hai| isase prakaTa hai ki zrutasAgara apane samayake acche vidvAna aura granthakAra the| zratamAgarane apanI kisI bhI racanAmeM usakA racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| kintu anya AdhAroMse unake samayakA nirNaya ho jAtA hai jinakA vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai- 1. paanandike ziSya devendrakIrtikA eka zilAlekha devagar3hameM hai, jisapara samvat 1493 aMkita hai / yaha devendrakIrti zrutasAgarake gurUke gurU the| 2. sUratake eka mUrtilekhameM saM0 1499 aura ekameM saM0 1513 aMkita hai| ye donoM mUrtiyAM devendrakotike ziSya vidyAnandike upadezase pratiSThita huI thiiN| vidyAnandike upadezase pratiSThita anya mUrtiyoM para saM0 1518, saM0 1531 aura saM0 1537 aMkita hai| 3. sUratameM padmAvatIkI eka mUrti para saM0 1544 aMkita hai| tathA usa samaya vidyAnandike paTTa para mallibhUSaNa virAjamAna the| inhIM mallibhUSaNake upadezase zrutasAgarane kucha kathAeM racI thIM aura ye 9 tasAgara ke gurU bhAI the| 1. ityanavadyagadyapadyavidyAvinodanoditapramodapIyUSarasapAnapAvanamatisamAjaratnarANa matisAgarayatirAjarAjitArthanasamarthana tarkavyAkaraNachando'laMkArasAhityAdhizAstranizitamatinA yatinA zrImaddevendrakIrtibhaTTArakapraziSyeNa ziSyeNa // sakalavidvajjanavihitacaraNasenasya vidyAnandidevasya saMditamithyAmatadurgarega. zrutasAgareNa sUriNA viracitAyAM zlokavArtika-sarvArtha siddhi nyAyakumudacandrodaya-prameyakamalamArtaNa-rAz2avArtikapracaNDASTasahasrIprabhRtigranthasandamanirbharAva - lokanabuddhivirAjitAyAM tattvArthaTIkAyAM dazamo'dhyAyaH / ' tattvAvRtti / dekho-jai0 sA0 i0, pR. 371-377 / jai0 ma0pra0 saM0, bhAga 1, kii| prastA0, pR0 14-18 / 2. bha. sampra0, pR0 169 / 3. bha. sampra0, pR0 169 / . 4. vahI, pR0 177 /

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378 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa ... .. 4.0 nebhivattane' apane ArAdhanA kathAkozakI prazastimeM vidyAnandike . paTTadhara mallibhUSaNa aura unake ziSya siMhanandikA gururUpameM smaraNa karake zrutasAgarakA bhI jayakAra kiyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki vaha usa samaya jIvita the| kintu inhIM 0 nemidattane vi0 saM0 1585 meM zrIpAla caritra bhI racA hai aura usameM zrutasAgarake dvArA racita zrIpAlakA ullekha karate hue zrutasAgarako 'pUrvasUri' tathA unake dvArA racita zrIpAlacaritako 'purA racita' kahAM hai| isase. jJAta hotA ki uma samaya zrutasAgarakA avasAna ho cukA thaa| 5. zrutasAgarane apanI palyavidhAna' kathAkI prazastimeM likhA hai ki rAjA bhAnuke maMtrI bhojarAjakI putrIke sAtha zrutasAgarane gajapanyA aura tuMgIgirikI bandanA kI thii| rAjA bhAnu IDarake rAva bhANajI haiN| . inakA rAjyakAla saM0 1502 se 1522 taka hai| palya vidhAna kathAkI racanA mallibhUSaNake upadezase huI hai aura usa samaya vidyAnandike paTTapara vahI virAjamAna the| vidyAnandikA paTTakAla 1499 se Arambha hotA hai aura mallibhUSaNakA paTTakAla vi0 saM0 1544 se 1556 taka milatA hai| ina donoMkA paTTakAla hI zrutasAgara sUrikA samaya honA cAhie / sva0 bAbA dulIcandajIkI saM0 1954 meM likhI gaI grantha sUcImeM zrutasAgarakA samaya vi0 saM0 1550 likhA huA hai / ataH vaha vikramakI solahavIM zatAbdIke pUrSike vidvAna the| zrutasAgarI TIkA tattvAryasUtrapara zrutasAgarajI racita zrutasAgarI TIkA eka tarahase pUrvaracita saba TIkAoMkA nicor3a hai / usake prArambhika zlokase hI yaha bAta jJAta ho jAtI hai| usake dvArA zrutasAgarajIne tatvArthasUtrakAra umAsvAmIke sAtha hI sAtha pUjyapAda, prabhAcandra, vidhAnandi aura akalaMkako smaraNa kiyA hai| ye cAroM hI AcArya tattvArthasUtrake TIkAkAra haiN| inameM sabase antima haiM prabhAcandra / unakI choTIsI TippaNa rUpa vRttiko to unhoMne prAyaH pUrA AtmasAt kara liyA hai| vRttikA prArambha sarvArSasisike bArambhika zabdoMkI zailIko apanAkara hotA hai| sarvASasidimeM usa praznakartA bhavyakA nAma nahIM likhA jisake praznake Uparase bAcAyane.yaha sUtra anya rcaa| prabhAcandrane usako 'prasiddhacaka nAmA' likhA hai, zrutasAgarane "yAphanAmA likhA hai| 13vIM zatAbdIke bAlacandra muni dvArA jo 1. vahI, pR0 179 / 2. jai0 pra0 pra0saM0, 1 mA0, 10 17 / ....... mA sampra0, pR0 178. / ... ................

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...... tatvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 379 .. - tattvAryasUtrakI kanarI TIkA likhI gaI hai usameM usa praznakartAkA nAma 'sitamya' pAyA jAtA hai| ' sarvArthasiddhike prArambhameM pAye jAne vAle maMgala zloka 'mokSamArgasya netAra' mAdikA vyAkhyAna bhAskaranandikI taraha zrutesAgarane bhI kiyA hai| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki 13vIM zatAbdIse isa maMgala zlokako sUtrakArakA mAnA jAne lagA thaa| zrutasAgara sUrikA pUrA vyAkhyAna eka tarahase sarvArtha sidi nAmaka vRttikA hI vyAkhyAna hai| jo bAteM vahA~ saMkSepameM parimita zabdoMmeM kahIM gaI hai unako yahA~ spaSTa zabdoMmeM kahA gayA hai / tathA yathAsthAna granthAntaroMse uddharaNa dekara vizeSa kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai| granthAntaroMse uddharaNoMkI saMkhyA kAphI hai aura usase prakaTa hotA hai ki zrutasAgarane apane pUrvavartI AcAryoke dvArA racita prAyaH sabhI pramukha granthoM ko par3hA thaa| unhoMne pANinisUtroMke uddharaNa to diye hI haiM / kAtaMtra vyAkaraNake bhI uddharaNa bahutAyatase diye haiM / kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa bhI jainAcArya racita hai| kintu usakA upayoga isa taraha kisI anya TIkAkArake dvArA hamAre dekhanemeM nahIM aayaa| ____ isameM sandeha nahIM ki zrutasAgarajI bahuzruta vidvAna the| kintu unake do skhalana ullekhanIya haiN| prathama unhoMne sUtra 2-53 kI vyAkhyAmeM likhA hai 'gurudattapANDavAdonAmupasargeNa muktatvadarzanAnnAstyanapavAyuniyama iti nyAyakumudacandrodaye prabhAcandreNoktamasti / ' arthAt nyAyakumuda candrodayameM prabhAcandrane kahA hai ki gurudatta aura pANDava mAdikA upasargake dvArA muktilAbha dekhA jAtA hai ataH anapavAyukA niyama nahIM hai| kintu prabhAcandrake nyAyakumudacandrameM kahIM bhI aisA nahIM likhA hai| basalameM ukta kathana prabhAcandrake tattvArtha TippaNameM hai / vahAM unhoMne likhA hai 'carama dehasyottamavizeSaNAttIrthakaradeho gRhyte| tato'nyeSAM gharamadehAnAmapi guruvatta pANDavAdInAmagnyAdinA maraNadarzanAt' / arthAt isa sUtrameM dharmadehakA uttama vizeSaNa hai aura usase tIrthakarake zarIrakA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| tIrthakarake sivAya jo anya carama zarIrI hai jaise gurudatta aura pANDava vgairh| unakA agni bhAdise maraNa pAyA jAtA hai| . zrutasAgarajIke sanmukha prabhAcandrakA TippaNa avazya thA, satsaMkhyA bAdi sUtra

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380 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa kI vyAkhyAmeM unhoMne usako khUba apanAyA hai phira bhI vismaraNavaza hI unase ukta bhUla ho gaI jAna par3atI hai| 2. sUtra. 9-45 kI vRttimeM unhoMne likhA hai ki- 'kucha' asamartha maharSi zItakAla vagairaha meM kambala Adi le lete haiN| kintu na to ve use dhote haiM, na sIte hai / aura na usake lie koI prayatna vagairaha hI karate haiM / zItakAla bItanepara use tyAga dete haiM / kucha muni zarIrameM doSa utpanna honese lajjAvaza vastrako grahaNa kara lete haiM / yaha vyAkhyAna bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM kahe hue abhiprAyase apavAda rUpa jAnanA cAhie / ' kintu bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM isa tarahakA koI vidhAna nahIM hai| hAM, usake TIkAkAra aparAjitasUrine apanI vijayodayA TIkAmeM AcelakyaM Adi dasa kalpoMkA varNana karanevAlI gAthA 421 kI vyAkyA karate hue AcArAMga Adi sUtra granthoMmeM pAye jAnevAle kucha vAkyoMke AdhArapara yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki yadi bhikSukA zarIrAvayava sadoSa ho, yA vaha parISaha sahane meM asamartha ho to vaha vastra grahaNa kara letA hai / * zrutasAgarajIkA abhiprAya bhagavatI ArAdhanAkI vijayodayA TIkAse hI jAna par3atA hai / usIke liye unhoMne bhagavatI ArAdhanA likha diyA hai / zailI aura bhASA zrutasAgarajIkI zailI aura bhASA, donoM subodha haiM / na to unakI zailImeM hI jaTilatA hai aura na saMskRta bhASAmeM hI / prathama vaha sUtrake zabdoMkA vyAkhyAna karate haiM aura phira usakA sarala subodha saMskRtameM spaSTIkaraNa karate haiM / jahA~ unakA viSayapara adhikAra hai vahA~ bhASApara bhI pUrNAdhikAra hai / vAkya racanA sarala aura saMkSipta hai / use duruha banAnekA prayatna nahIM kiyA gayA hai| balki sarala aura suspaSTa karanekA hI prayatna kiyA gayA hai / use par3hakara sarvArthasiddhimeM kathita koI bAta aspaSTa nahIM rahatI / zrutasAgarane kundakundAcAryake SaT prAbhRtoMpara bhI TIkA banAI hai, kintu usameM unheM saphalatA nahIM milI / isakA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki SaT prAbhRtoMkI koI anya TIkA unake sAmane nahIM thI / jabaki tattvArtha sUtrakI aneka TIkAe~ unake sAmane upasthita thiiN| phira bhI jo praur3hatA isa TIkA meM haiM, SaT prAbhRtoMkI TIkAmeM usakA AbhAsa nahIM miltaa| mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha TIkA pror3havayameM likhI gaI hai / 1. kecivasamarthA maharSayaH zItakAlAdI kambalazabdAvAcyaM kauzeyAdikaM gRhNanti, na tat prakSAlayanti na sIvyanti, na prayatnAdikaM kurvanti, aparakAle pariharanti / keciccharIre utpannadoSA lajjitatvAt tathA kurvantIti vyAkhyAnamArAdhanAbhyavatIproktAbhiprAyeNApavAdarUpaM jJAtavyam - 50 TI0 pR0 316 .

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. tatvArthaviSayaka TIkA-sAhitya : 385 ... . anya racanAyeM-zrutasAgarajIkI jo racanAe~ aba taka upalabdha ho sakI hai. unakI nAmAvalI dI jAtI hai-1. yazastilaka candrikA, 2. tattvAryavRtti, 3. tattvatraya prakAzikA (jJAnArNavake gaha bhAgakI saM0 TIkA ), 4. jinasahasranAma TIkA, 5. mahAabhiSeka TIkA, 6. SaTpAhuDa TIkA, 7. siddha bhakti TIkA, 8. sikhacakrASTaka TIkA, 9. jyeSTha jinavara kathA, 10. ravivrata kathA, 11. saptaparama sthAna kathA, 12. mukuTa saptamI kathA, 13. akSaya nidhi kathA, 14. SoDaza kAraNa kathA, 15. megha mAlA vrata kathA, 17. candana SaSThI kathA, 17. labdhi viSAna kathA, 18. sundara vidhAna kathA; 19. dazalakSiNI vrata kathA, 20. puSpAMjali vrata kathA, 21. AkAzapaMcamI kathA, 22. muktAvali vrata kathA, 23. nidukha saptamI kathA, 24. sugandha dasamI kathA, 25. zravaNa dvAdazI kathA, 26. ratnatraya kathA, 27. ananta vrata kathA, 28. azoka rohiNI kathA, 22. tapo lakSaNapaMkti kathA, 30. merupaMkti kathA, 31. vimAna paMkti kathA, . 32. pallavidhAna kathA, 33. zrIpAla canita, yazodhara carita, 35. audArya cintAmaNi svojavRtti yukta (prAkRta vyAkaraNa ), zrutaskandha pUjA / isake sivAya gujarAtImeM kucha grantha hai| yaha dravyAnuyogaviSayaka janasAhityakA itihAsa hai|

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nAmasUcI .. akabara 204 abhidharmakoza 306 - akalaMka 15, 20, 37, 43, 55, amitagati 180-182, 192, 346, 69, 101, 102, 115, 181, ..352, 355, 356, 365 / / 185, 188, 231, 235, amRtacandra 95, 116, 137, 172246, 251, 253, 254, 185, 188, 191, 193, 255, 262, 264, 281, 197, 198, 204, 209, 283, 285, 299 Adi, 308 . 211, 212, 217, 333Adi, 316, 325, 227, 336, 343, 347, 350, 34, 345, 357, 361, 355, 360 364, 366, 367, 375, amatAzIti 197 amoSa varSa 293 akAla varSa 127 / aruGgalAnvaya 100, 101, 127 pakSapAda 272 artha malla 204 / magrAyaNI pUrva 10, 12 ahaMpravacana 358, 359 aparvaveda 134 mahabali 112, 115, 122, 123 adhyAtma rahasya 198 avinIta 126, 127 adhyAtmasAra 205 aSTazatI 303 adhyAtmopaniSad 205, 208 baSTa sahanI 377 anagAradharmAmRta TIkA 173, 178, aMkalezvara 123 - aMga prApti 10 ananta kathA 86 . . AcAra sAra 192, 194, 360, . anantavIrya 56 .. anuyogadvAra sUtra 27, 33, 57, 61, bAcArAMga sUtra TIkA 319 .... 81, 137, 296, 297 bAtmasyAti TIkA 173, 190, 198 aparAjita sUri 41, 86,87, 234, . 204, 209 236, 267, 380... bAtmapravAda pUrva 94 abhayacandra saMvAntI 56, 348 bAtmAnuzAsana 198 bamayadeva,318 bAdi purANa 90, 274 bamayanAnni8, 69, 126. mAyAtmika mata sapana 204 ...

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FA nAmasUcI: 383 bAdhyAtmika mata parIkSA 204 uttarAdhyayana sUtra 93, 260, 263, . bApta parIkSA 26 265 mApta mImAMsA 3033 , niyukti 266 bApta svarUpa 362 udayana 328 mAnadeva 93 udayakaraNa 204 bhAra0 jI0 bhaNDArakara 316 uddAlaka RSi 132 mArAdhanA kathAkoza 41, 97, 199, udyotakara 282, 302 378 upadeza taraGgiNI 110 bArAdhanAsAra 187, 371 upAdhye e0 ena0 35, 111, 116ArAdhanA saMgraha 86 mAyaM maMgu yA maMbhu 40, 112 121, 125, 131, 160 Arya rakSita 297 161, 165, . 167, 168, 174, 179, 182, 184, Arya baja 270, 271 188, 191, 194, 195, mAlApa parati 139, 182-185 203, 316 348 AlTekara DA0 316 Avazyaka niyukti 135 upAsakAdhyayana 197, 360 bAvazyaka sUtra 62 umAsvAti umAsvAmI 99, 102, 124, 125, 226 mAdi 230, AzApara 86, 98, 155, 172, 233, 234, 245, 267, 178, 184, 197 Adi, 203, 271, 272, 299, 375 AhAr3a 85 uranUra 127 urjayanta giri 109, 110, 112, indranandi 72, 76, 86, 87, 88, 96, 99, 101 Adi, 111, 115, 118, 121, 122, 125 ekalpa saptatikA 190 191, 192, iSTopadeza 155, 176, 193, 197 - Adi 280, 362 epigrAphiyA karnATikA 226 iMDara 378 erigitu gaNa 104 . / upAdityAcArya 279 elAcArya 100 mAvi, 114, 116, uccanAMgara zAkhA 104, 229, 230, 270 kaMjIpuram 114, 115 uccAraNAcArya 125, 126 kaTha upaniSad 132 uncAraNAvRtti 112, 125, 126 kavava 111, 114

Page #396
384 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa kanaka prabha 278 karaguNDa 101 karaNAnuyoga 12, 26, 91, 94, 95, 247 karNakheTa grAma 86 karnATaka kavicarite karma prakRti 41 karma pravAd 41 194, 292, 359, 366 kalyANakAraka 279 kalyANa vijaya muni 204 kasAya pAhuDa 39, 40, 96, 112, 121, 125, 128, 129, 346 kalikuNDapArzvanAthapUjA 86 kumAra gupta 293, 294 kalpasUtra sthavi0 233, 270, 271 kumAra nandi 87, 97, 104 kAtyAyana 292 kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa 379 kAraMjA 195 kArtikeyAnuprekSA 131, 166, 170, 371 kAzikAvRtti 278 kASThA saMgha 355, 369, 370 kAzInAtha bApU jI pAThaka 31, 111 114, 116, 118-120, 128, 316 kittUrAnvaya 127 kirAtArjunIya 291 kriyA kalApa 279 kundakunda 86, 94-97, 114 Adi, 120, 124, 153 Adi, 162 166-169, 186, 187, 194. 232 Adi, 249, 253, 260262, 265 Adi, 270, 271 274, 289, 298, 347, 360 / kIya DA0 292, 316 kIrti nandi 87 kIrti varmA 113 kuNThapura 86 kundakundAnvaya 8, 104, 111, 113 120, 126, 128, 226 kumArila 302 kumbhanagaraM 369 kurala 116, 119 kusumapura 230 kezavavarya 189 koTA nagara 85 kaguNi varmA 126, 127 kona koNDala 103 khAravela 31 gaMgavaza 126 gajapanthA 378 gajAdharalAla paNDita 86 gaNaratna mahodadhi 278 gadya kathA koza 196, 343 gandharva 31 gardabhilla 31 gahilota vaMza 85 giranAra 110, 111, 245 1 gItA 164, 248 guNacandra 126 guNadharAcArya 40, 95, 112, 125. 128

Page #397
nAmasUcI : 385 guNanandi 8, 126 cAlukya 113 guNasena 354 cikana soge 101 guNADhya 291 citrakUTa 101 guptigupta 123, 124 cUNi sUtra 40-42, 112, 125, gaddhapiccha AcArya 100, 102, 103 126, 129, 137 226, 231, 232, 270, chAndagyopaniSad 133 289 jambUvijayamuni 373 gopasena 354 jambUdvIpapaNNati 8, 14, 75 Adi, govindarAja 112 82, 84-88, 99, 191 / gommaTasAra 69, 87, 193, 204, 301, 340 Adi, 346, 350 ,, (zve.) 56, 60, 61 355.360, 365, 366, 371 jayadhavalA 10, 30, 40, 75, 101 ,, (jIva0) 179, 198, 338, 118, 121, 129, 179,317 348, 350 361 ,, (karma0) 159, 180 jayanandi 8, 126 gautama gaNadhara 1, 12, 57, 76, 94 jayasiMha deva 196, 343-345 95, 248, 309 jayasena 95, 97, 104, 113, 116 ghoSanandi 230 118, 160, 177, 179, cakravartI pro0 111, 113-121 183, 184, 191-194, 197 caNDa 166, 167, 168 201, 211, 217, 232, catumukhakalki 30, 31 342, 347, 354-356, 359 candragaccha 376 Adi / candra garbha sUtra 293 jayAnanda 234 candragupta maurya 107, 117 jalpanirNaya 290 candranandi 8,87, 104, 126-128 javAhara lAla paM0 198 365 jAyasavAla 31 candraprajJapti 60 jinacandra 93. 104, 105, 108, candrabhAna 204 124, 365, 366 caraNasAra 86 jinapAlita 123 caraNAnuyoga 247 jinavijayamuni 62, 331 cAmuNDarAya 69, 70, 194 jinendra buddhi 279 cAmuNDarAya purANa 194 cAritra prAbhRta 129 jinabhadragaNi 12, 19, 56, 62 68, caritrasAra 194, 200, 360 233, 234, 319, 330, 331

Page #398
386 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa jinasena 38, 42, 56, 90, 274 tattvAnuzAsana 184, 185, 194, 290, 317 197, 198, 342, 343,360 jItavijaya 204 jIvAbhigama sUtra 59, 247 tattvAnuzAsanAdi saMgraha 155, 197 jugala kizora mukhtAra 38, 86, 90, tattvArtha bhASya 282, 294 Adi, 105, 111 Adi, 115, 118 301, 310, Adi, 315, 120, 122, 195, 227. 319, 320, 371 232, 236, 290, 316,337 tattvArtha ratna prabhAkara 369, 370 340, 344 tattvArthavRtti 228, 345, 346 jekobI DA0 131 tattvArtha vRtti TippaNa 344, 379 jaina tarka paribhASA 205 tattvArtha vArtika 10, 14, 15, 20, jainijma ina sAutha iNDiyA 103, 27, 36, 37, 43, 49 Adi, jainendra mahAvRtti 278, 291 61, 62, 69, 71, 81 Adi, jainendra vyAkaraNa 268, 275, 277, 93, 181, 185, 231, 235 278, 289, 292-294 246, 247, 251,254,256, jaisalamerabhaNDAra 62, 203, 363 / / 281, 283, 285, 290, 300 Adi, 308, 310 Adi, joindu 94, 159 Adi, 162Adi, 315, 327, 328, 334, 166 Adi, 169, 171, 184 335, 346, 364, 367, joNipAhuDa 122 375 jvAlinIkalpa 102 tattvArtha zlokavArtika 186, 231, jyoti prasAda DA0 316 246, 290, 304, 334, jyotiSkaraNDa 57, 60 61, 8081 336, 346, 368, 377 83 tattvArthasAra 173, 185, 186, jJAna prabodha 98 332, 333, 336, 350, jJAna bindu 205 351, 353, 355, 371, zAnabhUSaNa 92 tattvArthasUtra 62, 102, 120, 139, jJAtAdharmakathA 265 173, 181, 210, 226 Adi, jJAnArNava 178, 185, 275, 279 234, 236, 239, Adi, taMtra sAhitya 163 244, Adi, 251, 256, tattvadIpikA 173, 332, 360 260, 264, 266, 268, tattva pradIpikA 173, 332, 360 271, 273, Adi, 296 300, tattvasAra 165, 166, 186, 187 304, 333, 351, 356, 371

Page #399
nAmasUcI . 387 tapAgaccha paTTAvalI 30, 204, 234, 228, Adi, 234, 236, titthogAlIpainnA 31, 239, 247, 255, 259, tirukurala 114, 263, 266, 268, 285, tiruvalluara 114, 286, 297, tiloyapaNNatti triloka prajJapti 6, 8- diGanAga 282, 306, 328, 331, 18, 21, 25, 26 32, 34, dinagaNi 300, 329, 35, 37, 38 Adi, 55, 57, dIghanikAya 29, 61, 65, 68, 81, 82, 90, duvinIta 290, 291, 93, 123, 126, 168, 303, dulIcandabAbA 378, 365, duSamAkAla zramaNasaMgha stotra 233, tiloyasAra trilokasAra 8, 37, 62, devagar3ha 111, 69 Adi, 74 Adi, 83, 90, devagupta 238, 91, 194, 355, 360, 362, devacanda 109, 365, devadharmaparIkSA 205, tIrthoddhAraprakaraNa 30, 31, devarahalli 104, toraNAcArya 113, 119, devasena 96, 112, 139, 165, tailappakumAra 104, 166, 182, Adi, 291, triSaSThizalAkA puruSapurANa 360, 336, 343, trailokyasaMgraha 8, devendrakIti 111, 376, 377, thAnamala 204, desAI pI0 bI0 103 Adi thoNDamaNDala 115, desiyagaNa 101, 126, 127, 128, darzanaprAbhRta 129, 225 Adi, dRSTivAda 2, 9, 94, darzanasAra 96, 112, 166, 187, dohApAhuDa 165, 291, 336, daulatarAma paM0 201 draviDasaMgha 100, 101, 291 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA 331, dazabhakti 279, dravyasaMgraha 56, 185, 194, 336, dazavakAlika 352, Adi, 342, 343, 360, dAmanandi bhaTTAraka 101, dravyasaMgrahavRtti 348, 350, dAnazAsana 91, dravyasvabhAvaprakAzaka nayacakra 198, digambara 7, 9, 20, 29, 62, 66, 348, 350 67, 81, 95, 109, 110, dravyAnuyoga 12, 94, 95, 132, 112, 116, 205, 223; 136,247

Page #400
388 . jainasAhityakA itihAsa dvAtriMzatikA 192 dhanaMjaya 278, 290, 316 dharasena 112, 116, 122-124, dharmakIrti 158, 300, 301, 328, 331, 334 dharmaghoSasUri 376 dharmacandra bhaTTAraka 369, 370 dharmabhUSaNa 302 dharmaratnAkara 179, 180, 354, 355 dharmasAgara upAdhyAya 110, 234 dharmasena 354 dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra 365 dhavalA 10, 21, 30, 35-39, 48, 56, 88, 101, 102, 118, 121-123, 179, 231, 246, 317, 359, 361 dhArAnagarI 187, 337, 341, 344, 363 nagara nAllukA 246, 27, 279 naciketA 132 nandarAjA 30 nanditaTa 355 nandisaMgha 85, 101, 104, 105, 108, 115, 116, 122-124 nandisUtra 40, 229, 233, 252, 261, 262, 308 nayakIrti 104, 194 nayacakra 187, 301, 330, 375 nayanandi 343, 344 nayapradIpa 205 nayarahasya 205 nayasena 188, 189, 369 nayopadeza 205 nayavijaya 204 naravAhana 31, 85 narasiMhAcArya 292, 316 narendrasena 350, 351, 354-356, navapadavRtti 318 nAgamaNDala 87 nAgahasti 40, 112 nAmamAlA 278, 290, 316 nidAnamuktAvalI 279 nizcaya paJcAzat 190 niyamasAra 17, 32, 33, 129, 196, 220, 221 Adi, 260, 261, 263 niyamasAraTIkA 178, 188, 190, 191, 197 nItisAra 228 nIlakezI 119 nemicandra 93, 337, 340, 341, 343, 344 nemicandra si0 ca0 69, 72, 75, 87, 88,91, 194, 340, 341, 344, 346, 355, 356, 365 noNamaMgala 127 nomadatta vra0 41, 97, 98, 184, 199, 378 nyagrodhikA 230 nyAyamukudacandra 196, 246, 316, 343, 344,345, 348, 349, 377, 379

Page #401
305 nAmasUcI : 389 nyAyavArtika 302 parikarma 72, 86, 101, 118, 121 nyAyavinizcaya 303, 357 124 nyAyasUtra 248, 272, 282, 302, paramAnanda paM0 179, 344, 349 paramAtma prakAza 34,45, 159 Adi, nyAyAgamAnusAriNIvRtti 301, 330 165 Adi. 169-171, 193, nyAyAvatAra 282 203, 362 paJcanamaskAra 199, 362 paramAtmaprakAzaTIkA 86, 159, 198 paJcaparameSThI 119, 362 Adi, 360 paJcasaMgraha saM0 192, 346, 365, parIkSAmukhasUtra 343, 344 palyavidhAnakathA 376, 378 pallava 114, 115, 118, 119 paJcAstikAya 32 33, 47, 48, pallAdahalli 102 95, 113, 116, 129, 136, pANini 276, 277, 292, 379 Adi, 164, 173, 177, 183 pANDavapurANa 109, 275, 365 191, 192, 195, 197, pAtaJjala mahAbhASya 281, 294, 198, 201, 210 Adi, 253, 305 262, 263, 332, 339, pAtaJjalasUtra 240, 241 342, 347, 359, 360 pAtrakesarI 101 paJcAstikAyaTIkA 97, 342, 347, pAriyAtra 85, 87 pArzvanAtha carita 274 paTTAvalI sArobAra 234 pAlyakIti 293 pataJjali 271, 292 pAhuDadohA 183, 184, 348 padmanandi 84-88, 96, 97, 99, piTarsana 316 109, 117,118, 121,122, pizala DA0 131, 132 190-192, 344, 346, 348, puruSArthasiddhayupAya 173, 174, 178, 376, 377 180-182, 198, 355 padmanandi paJcaviMzatikA 86, 190, purAtana vAkyasUcI 38, 340 puSkaragaccha 104 padmaprabhamaladhArI 178, 189, 190- puSpadanta 112, 116, 122-124, 192, 196 Adi / 343, 346 pArasa 189 puSpanandi 113 pannavaNA (prajJApanA) 229 puSyamitra 30 paramAgamasAra 195, 348 pustaka gaccha 101

Page #402
390 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa pUjyapAda (devanandi) 62, 68, 83, 197, 210, 217 Adi, 94, 108, 120, 154, 157- 249, 262, 332, 347, 159, 162,164,166, 195, 359, 360 197, 230, 244, 247, pravacana sAroddhAra 92, 318, 375 251, 266-269, 271, 273 pravAhaNa 133 Adi, 277 Adi, 283, 285, prazama ti prakaraNa 375 290, 291, 294, 345, prAkRtalakSaNa 166-168 346, 360, 364, 366, premI nAthUrAma 8, 17, 38, 46, 56, 367, 378 85. 88, 91, 92, 98, 111 pUjyapAda carita 276 Adi 115,120, 122, 178, pUrNatalagaccha 376 190,191, 192,234, 266, pona 365 291, 292, 316, 349, pradyumnasUri 376 / 359 prabhAcandra 56, 111, 156, 195, phUlacanda si0 zA0 35, 37-39, 196, 245, 246, 279, 289, 42, 227, 267 338, 343-349, 356; bagheravAla 198 / 358, 364, 369, 370, banArasIdAsa kavi 203, 204 378, 379 baladevasUri 87, 88 prabhAvaka carita 30 balanandi 84, 86-88, 191 pramANaparIkSA 104 balamitra bhAnumitra 31 pramANavArtika 158, 302, 334 / balAtkAragaNa 109-111, 376 pramANavinizcaya 331 balAkapiccha 102 pramANa samuccaya 306 ballAla 114 pramANa saMgraha 303 balissaha 234 prameyakamala mArtaNDa 196, 343-345, bahAdura siMha sindhI smRti grantha 62 ___348, 349, 356, 377 bAgaNasaMgha 355 pravacana parIkSA 110 bAdAmI 113 pravacana saroja bhAskara (TIkA) 195, bArasa aNuvekkhA 96. 99, 110, 196, 347, 349 pravacanasAra 32, 34, 95, 116, bAlacanda 55, 56, 113, 116, 129, 130, 139, 164, 245, 348, 378 168, 173, 177, 179, bAlacanda malapArI 162, 194, 184, 192, 193, 195, 203

Page #403
128 nAmasUcI : 391 boSapAhuDa 117, 129 madana kAmaratna 279 bopadeva 277 manusmRti 308 brahmadeva 159 Adi, 167, 198 mantra lakSaNa 114 Adi, 203, 336 Adi, 343, mayoDaboludAnapatra 115 360 Adi markarAdAnapatra 8, 126, 127 malayagiri 59, 63, 67, 241 brahmasena 354, 355 malayadeza 114 bhagavatI ArAdhanA 32, 34, 41, mallavAdI 301, 320 68, 86, 234, 267, 285, mallibhUSaNa 376-378 362, 380 malliSeNa 197 bhaTTa prabhAkara 161, 162 mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta 112, 123, bhadrabAhu 94, 96, 105 Adi, 116, 117, 123, 124, 128, mahAgiri 234 129, 376 mahAdhavala 361 bhartRhari 328 mahAnizItha sUtra 286 bhAnurAjA 378 mahApurANa 289, 317, 343, 346, bhAvanagara 205 mahAbandha 308 bhAvatribhaMgI 56, 195, 348 mahAbhArata 27 bhAvaprAbhRta 129, 130, 261 mahAyAna 163 bhAvasena 354 mahAvIra carita 93 bhAskaranandi 291,364-366,369 mahAvIra bhagavAna 1, 7, 30, 32, bhAsvAmI 300, 329 40, 57, 94, 95, 112, 135,170, 248, 309, 367 bhujabala bhIma 369 mahAsena 188, 189, 197 bhuvana kIrti 92 mahendra 193, 294 bhUtabali 95, 112, 116, 122- mahendra kumAra nyA0, A0 196, 124, 289 316, 349 bhojadeva 196, 337, 341, 343 / / maMgarAja 279 bhratyAndhra 31 mAMDalagar3ha 198 maggAyaNI 10, 12 mANDava 203, 363 maJjuzrImUlakalpa 293 mAghanandi 84, 85, 105, 108, mathurA 104, 293 112, 116, 122-124, 358, mathurA saMgha 114 359, 366

Page #404
318 392 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa mANikyanandi 343, 344, 345 yazodharacarita 91, 376 mAthura saMgha 355 yazovijaya 203 Adi, 209, 317, mAdhavacandra 69, 75 mArga prakAza 197 yazobhadra 289, 290, 371, 372, mAlavA 198, 337 375, 376 mihirakula 31 yAjJavalkya 140 mImAMsA zlokavArtika 302 yApanIya 234, 235, 236 mukuTa saptamI kathA 376 yuktiprabodha 204 mugdhabodha 277 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka 278, 291 Adi muja 85 yogadeva 367 Adi muNDakopaniSad 134 yogasAra 160, 165, 166, 169, muNDapAdamahAvAcaka 230 muruNDavaMza 30 170, 171, 362 yogasUtra 271, 272 mUDabidrI 188, 189; 196, 197 yogIndra 160, 197 mUlavAcakAcArya 230 ratnakaraNDa zrA0 180, 185, 193, mUlasaMgha 116, 127, 128, 175, 194, 232, 376 ratnatrayapUjA 86 mUlAcAra 10, 18, 32, 67, 68, ratnamaNDalagaNi 110 83, 93, 128, 131, 193, ratna siMha 238 223, 224, 285 raviprabha 234 mUlArAdhanAdarpaNa 86, 129, 130 rAIsa sA0 291 meghavijaya 174, 204 rAcamalla 69, 70 medhAvI 365 rAjagaccha 376 merutuMga 30 rAjamalla 204 mevAr3a 85 maitrAyaNIupa0 308 rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa 85 rAjAvalikathe 109 mokSaprAbhRta 164, 166, 187, rAjendra mauli bha0 232 yajurveda 134 rAmasiMha 165 yatilakSaNasamuccaya 205 rAmasena 184, 342 yativRSabha 38 Adi, 112, 125, rASTrakUTa 112, 127 126, 129, 137 rUpacandra 204 yatyAcAra 86 lakSmIcandra 184 yastalaka 362, 365, 366 lakSmIsena maTha 188 289, 360

Page #405
360 nAmasUcI : 393 laghIyastraya 37, 198, 303, 344, vijayavaMza 30 vijayodayA TIkA 285, 380 laghIyastrayAdi saMgraha 188 videha kSetra 108 laghudravya saMgraha 337 Adi vidyAnandi 26, 104, 186, 197, -lambakaJcukAnvaya 369 231, 246, 247, 336, 346 lATa bAgar3a saMgha 354, 355 366, 376-378 lAbhavijaya 204 vidyA bhUSaNa DA0 188, 316 lokAyanI 10, 13 vidvajjana bodhaka 116, 124, 270 loka prakAza 234 vinayavijayagaNi 234 lokavinizcaya 10, 12-16, 53, vinTara nITsa 316 54, 55 vimalacandra 87 lokavibhAga 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, vibudha prabha 234 16-18, 20, 88, 91, 194, vibudha zrIdhara 118, 121 vizeSaNavatI 62 lohAcArya 76, 115, 122, 123 / / vizeSAvazyaka bhASya 1, 26, 62, vakragIva 100. 101 68. 233, 28, 319 230 vajranandi 291 viSNu yazodharmA 31 vaTakarAcArya 18, 128, 131 vIranandi 84, 86, 191, 192, varNI abhinandana grantha 38 194, 363 vasunandi 343, 366 vIranirvANa 19,30, 43, 46, 112 vasunandi zrAvakAcAra 343, 365 116, 118, 122-124, 234 vasubandhu 306, 328, 331 vIrasena 21, 36-39, 42, 48, vasumitra, agnimitra 31 55, 56, 88, 101, 102, vAcakavaMza 229 121, 129 194, 231, 246 vAdirAja 197, 274 317 vAtsyAyana bhASya 272 vRndAvana kavi 109 vArAnagara 84, 85, 87, 88, 99 vRhatkathA 291 vAlTara Deneka 131 vRhad ga cha 376 vAsupUjya RSi 91 vRhatkSetrasamAsa 62, 63, 66 vAsupUjya siddhAMtadeva 189 vRhat TippaNikA 122 vikramAditya cAlukya 104 vRhadAraNyaka upa0 140 vicAra aMNi 30, 31 vRhad dravya saMgraha 337 Adi vijayakIti 92 vRhad dravya saMgraha TIkA 198, 199, vijayanagara 100, 279 . 203, 361 Adi .

Page #406
394 : jainasAhityakA itihAsa vRhat prabhA candra 356, 357 zubhacanda 109, 173, 178, 226, vRhat saMgrahaNI 12, 19, 51, 62, 275, 365, 366 2 zravaNabelagolA 100, 102, 104, velUra 101 106, 125, 226 Adi, 230, 233, 246, 270, vaizeSika sUtra 248, 305, 306 273, 277, 278 vyavahAra sUtra 177 zrIkaNThazAstrI 316, vyAkhyA prajJapti 308, 309 zrIdatta 289, 290 vyAsabhASya 240, 241, 271 zrInanda 84, 87, zakarAjA 19, 30 zrIpAlacarita 378, zaktikumAra 85, 87 zrIpAla maNDalezvara 337, zakti bhUpAla 84, 88 zrIpura 87, zabdAmbhoja bhAskara 349 zrIpurAnvaya 127, zabdAvatAra nyAsa 278, 290 zrIpuruSa 87, 336, zahAbuddIna gaurI 198 zrIvijaya 84,86, 87, 88, zAkaTAyana 294 zrutabindu 197, zAMti candra 56 zAntirAja zAstrI 291, 366 / / zrutamuni 56, 195, 348, zrutasAgara 91, 106, 108, 131, zAnti zreNika 270, 271 160, 167, 174, 184, zAlivAhana 85 199, 226, 228, 232, zAstravArtA samuccaya 237 267, 376, Adi zAstrasAra samuccaya 358, 359; zrutasAgarIvRtti 376, 348, 366 zrutaskandha 199 zivakumAra mahArAja 97, 113-116 zrutAvatAra 30, 72, 76, 96, 99, 118 101, 111, 115, 117, 118 zivamRgezavarmA 113, 116, 120 121, 122, 125 zvetaketu 133, zivazrI vAcaka mukhya 230 zvetAmbara 12, 19, 20, 29, 62, zivamAra 336 66, 80, 81, 92, 109, zivaskanda 114, 115, 118, 119 110, 112, 116, 117, zivArya 41, 203, 223, 224, 228,229 zIlabhadra 126, 233, 234, 236, 239, zIlAMka 319, 247,255, 260, 263, 268, zukranIti 26, 285, 286, 297, 309, zukiMga ga. 131, 352, 376

Page #407
nAmasUco : 395 SaTkhaNDAgama 21, 41, 72, 86, 93 sarvArthasiddhi 20, 62, 68, 83, 96, 101, 112, 115-119, 120, 181, 231, 235, 122-124, 128, 180, 241, 244, 245, 247, 255, 261, 262, 264, 251, 256, 268, 271, 265, 269, 270, 276, 273 Adi, 277 Adi, 283, 289, 308, 346 280 Adi, 289 Adi, 294 SaT prAbhRta 131, 268 Adi, 304, 314, 325, SaTprAbhUta TIkA 132, 174, 380 / 334, 344, 345, 353, SoDazaka prakaraNa 376 364, 365, 367, 368 saMgAiNI 10-13 sAMkhyakArikA 177, 305 sakalacandra 84 sAgatyapaTa 232 sanmati tarka 137, 179, 180, sAgAradharmAmRta 98, 203, 363 320, 373 sAmaveda 134 saptabhaMgItaraMgiNI 188 sArasaMgraha 280 samantabhadra 101, 102, 115, 196, soletora DA0 316 197, 231, 289, 290, sAvayadhammadohA 183, 184 303, 351 sittarI TIkA 318 samayasAra 32, 34, 94, 95, 129, siddha bhakti 193, 280 130, 136 Adi, 160, 168- siddhasena 137, 179, 180, 283, 172, 177, 192, 197, 289, 290, 317, 320, 373 203, 205, 249, 347, 359 siddharAja 293 samayasAra kalaza 172, 174, 188 siddhasena gaNi 237, 240 Adi, samayasAra nATaka 204 246, 253, 256 Adi, 297 samayasAra TIkA 97, 137, 193 / Adi, 301, 315, 317 Adi, samAdhitaMtra 120, 156, 159, 327, 328, 372-375, 164, 166, 195, 196, 377, 379 276, 280, 289 siddhAntasAra saMgraha 350, 351, samAdhitaMtra TIkA 343 354-356 sarasvatIgaccha 109-111, 113, siddhipriyastotra 280 123-125, 232, 376 siddhivinizcaya 16, 316, 373 sarvadevasUri 376 siMhanandi 101, 378 sarvanandimuni 7, 8, 17, 18, 88 siMhavarmA 7

Page #408
396 : jenasAhityakA itihAsa siMhasUra 7, 88, 90, 91, 300, haribhadra 237, 253, 300, 331, 301, 329-331, 375 371-373,375 sImandharasvAmI 97, 108 harivaMzapurANa 30, 31, 42 Adi, sukRtasAgara 110 55, 62,76, 82 sukhabodhinIvRtti 291, 365, 369 hariSeNakathAkoza 41 sukhalAla paNDita 227, 228, 234, harihararAjA 279 237, 242, 252, 256, 260, hAnale 100, 113 263, 267, 270 Adi, 289, hArila 233 296, 297, 300, 304, 317, hIravijayasUri 204 327, 328, 372 hIrAlAla pro0 10, 12 suttapAhuDa 112, 129, 130 hIrAlAla rasikadAsa 297 sudarzanacarita 343, 344 hIrAlAla rAyabahAdura 194 sudharmAsvAmI 7 huviSka 104 subhASita ratna saMdoha 355 hemakIrti 370 surendrakIti 355, 370 hemagrAma 114 suhastI 270, 271 hemacandra 85, 165, 184, 189, somarAja zreSThI 337, 339, 342 293, 330 somasena 194 hebburu 290, 291 skandagupta 293 helAcArya 102 svAti 234 hamazabdAnuzAsana 278, 294

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Va. ..' lekhaka janma : 1906 I0 janma-sthAna : nahaTaura ( bijanaura ), u0 pra0 zikSaNa : sthAnIya pAThazAlA tathA syAdvAda-mA . vArANasI ( u0 pr0)| zekSaNika upalabdhiyA~ : nyAyatIrtha ( zve0 saMskRta esoziezana, kalakattA (pa0 baMgAla zAstrI, mANikacandra di0 jaina parIkSAla adhyApana : dharmAdhyApaka tathA prAcArya, sa vidyAlaya vArANasI ( 1927-1973 ) maulika kRtiyAM : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa 3 dharma, jana-nyAya, pramANa-naya-nikSepaprakAza, pravezikA, karaNAnuyogapravezikA, caraNAnuyaM bhagavAn RSabhadeva, dakSiNameM jaina dharma A sampAdana-anuvAda kRtiyA~ : somadeva upAsaka mvabhAvaprakAzakanayanacakra, tattvArthamUtra, nya bhAga, jayadhavala Adi / samAja-mavA 1. adhiSThAnA-syAdvAda-mahAvidyAlaya, vA 2. matro-mAhitya-vibhAga, di0 jaina saMgha, 3. sampAdaka-jana sandeza, mathurA / 1. sampAdaka-matidevI jaina granyamAlA jJAnapITa dillii| .. sampAdaka-jIvarAja jaina graMthamAlA, mo 6. pUrva adhyakSa, bhA0 di0 jaina vidvatpari. sammAna : (ka) sindhAntAcAryako mAnada upA jaina zodha saMsthAna ArA (viha (ba) anya anekoM sthAnoM para sthA dAga mammAnita, mAnapatrAdi pra